cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment (CAPA).

ABSTRACT Objective To describe the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment (CAPA). The base interview covers the age range from 9 to 17 years. Method The interview glossary that provides detailed operational definitions of symptoms and severity ratings is described, and psychometric data and further developments of the interview are presented. Results Across 5,962 parent-child interviews, the core sections of the CAPA (psychiatric symptoms, functional impairment, demographics, family structure and functioning) took on average 59 minutes for children and 66 minutes for parents. Test-retest reliability for diagnoses ranged from κ = 0.55 for conduct disorder (CD) to κ = 1.0 for substance abuse/dependence. Validity as judged by 10 different criteria was good. Developments of the CAPA include a shorter "gateway" version using core symptoms as screen items, a Spanish version, and versions for twin studies, use with young adults (YAPA), and preschool-age children (PAPA). Conclusions There is a place in both research and clinical settings for a rigorously operationalized interview (such as the CAPA) that focuses on ensuring that respondents understand what is being asked and on clearly defining levels of symptom severity and functional impairment.
Strategies for Medical Data Extraction and Presentation Part 2: Creating a Customizable Context and User-Specific Patient Reference Database

One of the greatest challenges facing healthcare professionals is the ability to directly and efficiently access relevant data from the patient’s healthcare record at the point of care; specific to both the context of the task being performed and the specific needs and preferences of the individual end-user. In radiology practice, the relative inefficiency of imaging data organization and manual workflow requirements serves as an impediment to historical imaging data review. At the same time, clinical data retrieval is even more problematic due to the quality and quantity of data recorded at the time of order entry, along with the relative lack of information system integration. One approach to address these data deficiencies is to create a multi-disciplinary patient referenceable database which consists of high-priority, actionable data within the cumulative patient healthcare record; in which predefined criteria are used to categorize and classify imaging and clinical data in accordance with anatomy, technology, pathology, and time. The population of this referenceable database can be performed through a combination of manual and automated methods, with an additional step of data verification introduced for data quality control. Once created, these referenceable databases can be filtered at the point of care to provide context and user-specific data specific to the task being performed and individual end-user requirements.
The Compounding Controversy: What Veterinarians Should Know to Protect Themselves and Their Patients

While the controversy over compounding for animals is contemporary, the practice of compounding for animals is not. Pharmaceutical compounding is an ancient art and science. Compounding has been an integral part of the practice of veterinary medicine since the first cures were blended together to help an animal patient. Skilled healers have utilized compounds for both human and animal patients for thousands of years. With hundreds of species requiring treatment and dozens of new diseases emerging, the half-life of truth in veterinary medicine is particularly short. As a result of a complex and lengthy approval process, the veterinary pharmaceutical industry can never be expected to adequately supply labeled products to treat every disease encountered in every species. Consequently, in order to provide state-of-the-art veterinary therapy, the veterinarian must frequently alter commercially available dosage forms to meet needs for individual patients. This activity is defined as compounding by the major veterinary drug regulatory agencies in North America, the Canadian Bureau for Veterinary Drugs (BVD) and the United States (US) Food and Drug Administration Center for Veterinary Medicine (FDACVM). In some cases, as with potassium bromide and cisapride, there are no commercially available products for any species, and these life-saving therapies must be compounded from raw chemicals. Often, the safety of the caregiver also depends on the ability to get medications into the animal in the least invasive, most palatable manner possible. Compliance is paramount in achieving successful therapeutic outcomes, but many owners will not administer unpalatable or invasive therapies if they perceive that their pet will “hate” them as a result. Compounding based on individual patient need is an ageless solution for all of these problems.
Stereoselectivity of drug action

Chirality is a fundamental property of biological systems and reflects the underlying asymmetry of matter. Drug- receptor interactions have long been known to be stereo- selective, and it is increasingly recognized that both pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic events contribute to the overall clinically observed stereoselectivity. The importance of this phenomenon has now been explicitly recognized by drug regulatory agencies who are issuing guidelines for drug development. This review outlines some of the scientific issues surrounding drug stereo- selectivity, with particular emphasis being paid to drug inter- actions at ion channels where, because of state-dependent interactions, stereoselectivity is a moving target.
Pieces of Eight: Semiselfdual Lattices and a New Foundation for the Theory of Conway and Mathieu Groups

We give a new and easy construction of the largest groups of Mathieu and Conway, as the full automorphism groups of the Golay code and Leech lattice, respectively. In addition we get a new uniqueness proof for the Leech lattice and the Golay code. The main technique is intensive use of semiselfdual sublattices: instead of rank 1 lattices as the basis for coordinate concepts, we use scaled versions of LE8 , the E8 root lattice; the semiselfdual lattices we use most of the time are isometric to 2 LE8 . While it has been recognized for decades that one can use copies of LE8 to describe the Leech lattice (see [23, 33, 34]), our uses of it to create the theory of Conway and Mathieu groups are new. Using these ``smarter coordinates,'' properties of their automorphism groups and appropriate uniqueness theorems, we get a compact foundation of this theory (see Section 3, esp. (3.7) and (3.19)). Article ID aima.1999.1846, available online at http: www.idealibrary.com on
Toward the development of miniaturized imaging systems for detection of pre-cancer

In this paper, we describe the progress toward the development of miniaturized imaging systems with applications in medical imaging, and specifically, detection of pre-cancer. The focus of the article is a miniature, optical-sectioning, fluorescence microscope. The miniature microscope is constructed from lithographically printed optics and assembled using a bulk micro-machined silicon microoptical table. Optical elements have been printed in a negative tone hybrid glass to a maximum depth of 59 /spl mu/m and an rms surface roughness between 10-45 nm, fulfilling the requirements of the miniature microscope. Test optical elements have been assembled using silicon-spring equipped mounting slots. The design of silicon springs is presented in this paper. Optical elements can be assembled within the tolerances of an NA=0.4 miniature microscope objective, confirming the concept of simple, zero-alignment assembly.
Cell Cycle activation and ouabain‐sensitive ion movements of 3T3 and C3H‐10T½ fibroblasts

The introduction of either PGF2 alpha-(10(-7) M) or TPA (10(-7) M) stimulated, ouabain-sensitive 86Rb+ influx at 30 min in postconfluent 3T3-4 mouse fibroblast cultures by 117% and 124%, respectively. Both TPA and PGF2 alpha at these concentrations stimulated the incorporation of 3H-TdR into DNA. TPA had the greatest stimulatory effect, which was similar to that obtained with 10% fetal calf serum. In accord with the idea that modulation of membrane processes such as Na+/K+ pump activity in fibroblasts may reflect important events related to the initiation of DNA synthesis, it was observed that in both 3T3-4 and C3H-10T1/2 cells there were parallel increases in 3H-TdR incorporation and ouabain-sensitive 86Rb+ influxes with 10(-7) M TPA, whereas PGF2 alpha stimulated a significant increase in 3H-TdR incorporation in 3T3-4 but not C3H-10T1/2 cells and only marginal increases in ouabain-sensitive 86Rb+ influx in both. Therefore, although there appears to be a close correlation between Na+/K+ pump activation and subsequent S-phase entry following TPA stimulation, a similar correlation for PGF2 alpha cannot be confirmed.
Perfect difference sets

If the set K of r+1 distinct integers k0, k1 …, kr has the property that the (r+1)r differences ki–kj (0≦i, j≦r, i≠j) are distinct modulo r2+r+1, K is called a perfect difference set modr2+r+1. The existence of perfect difference sets seems intuitively improbable, at any rate for large r, but in 1938 J. Singer [1] proved that, whenever r is a prime power, say r = pn, a perfect difference set mod p2n+pn+1 exists. Since the appearance of Singer's paper several authors have succeeded in showing that for many kinds of number r perfect difference sets mod r2+r+1 do not exist; but it remains an open question whether perfect difference sets exist only when r is a prime power (for a comprehensive survey see [2]).
Cytomegalovirus colitis and viremia from mycophenolate mofetil monotherapy in birdshot chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: To describe a case of cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia and colitis in a patient on mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) monotherapy for birdshot chorioretinopathy.Design: Case report.Methods: Retrospective chart review.Results: Treatment with MMF 1.5 g twice daily for 5 years led to leucopenia and a CD4 count of 299, which resulted in active CMV infection.Conclusions: Treatment with MMF alone may put otherwise immune-competent individuals at risk for opportunistic CMV infection. Greater awareness of this association may allow for better monitoring, earlier detection, and treatment of future cases.
Qigong as a novel intervention for service members with mild traumatic brain injury.

Purpose To describe the experience of internal qigong practice in service members diagnosed with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Theoretical Framework The study used qualitative descriptive phenomenological methods originally described by Husserl and later refined by Giorgi. Methodology Participants were interviewed about their experiences while learning qigong to determine their level of interest, benefits, and/or adverse effects; ease of learning/performing the routine; and any barriers to practice. Sample Six service members with mTBI receiving outpatient neurorehabilitation at the Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center–Charlottesville Rehabilitation Center. Intervention Participants learned Reflective Exercise Qigong, a form of qigong developed specifically to require less complex movement and balance than most forms of qigong, making it ideal for those with potential coordination and balance issues. Data Collection Semistructured interviews took place after four weeks of formal qigong instruction, then again after the subjects completed eight weeks. Interview data were analyzed with phenomenological methods described by Giorgi. Results Four themes emerged from the interview data: "the physical experience of qigong," "regaining control," "no pain, a lot of gain," and "barriers to qigong practice." Participants offered examples of how qigong enabled them to control refractory symptoms after mTBI while decreasing reliance on pharmacotherapy. All agreed that qigong was uniquely conducive to the disciplined mindset of military service members and that the simplicity of Reflective Exercise qigong, compared with similar modalities such as tai chi and yoga, was well suited to individuals with decreased balance, cognition, and memory related to mTBI.
Active polarimetric microwave remote sensing of corn and multiparametric retrieval of corn parameters with an artificial neural network

Polarimetric signatures of a corn canopy are studied with the vector radiative transfer theory. Comparisons are made with experimental data at L and C bands. Multiparametric inversions of corn canopy parameters are performed with an artificial neural network (ANN) trained with vector radiative transfer theory. We have performed simultaneous retrieval of three parameters: corn height, volumetric moisture of corn stalks, and volumetric soil moisture from a total of eight averaged Mueller matrix elements at L and C bands and at one incidence angle. It is shown that the performance of the neural network is good, with errors of less than 10%. It is also shown that the performance of the ANN is better if measurements at both frequencies are used and also if polarimetric measurements including information about the polarization phase difference are used. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Properties of post‐annealed ZnO films grown with O3

The properties of ZnO thin films grown with ozone are examined. Annealing studies were performed on ZnO films grown by pulsed-laser deposition using either O2 and an O2/O3 gas mixture as the oxidant. The carrier density of ZnO films grown with pure O2 generally decreases upon annealing in 1 atm O2. In contrast, the n-type carrier density for ZnO films grown with O2/O3 mixture gas increased with O2 annealing. The results indicate that acceptor states, created via growth in ozone, are annihilated with post-annealing. This suggests that the ozone-related acceptor states are metastable. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Characterization of bio-oil, syn-gas and bio-char from switchgrass pyrolysis at various temperatures

Abstract Pyrolitic conversion of lignocellulosic biomass, such as switchgrass and other agricultural residues, to bio-fuels is being considered for national energy security and for environmental advantages. Bio-oil, syn-gas and bio-char were produced and characterized from switchgrass at 400, 500 and 600 °C by pyrolysis. Bio-oil yield increased from 22 to 37%, syn-gas yield increased from 8 to 26%, and bio-char yield decreased from 48 to 25% with increases of pyrolysis temperatures from 400 to 600 °C. Bio-oil heating value was 36.3 MJ/kg, density was 920 kg/m3 and viscosity was 10 cST. GC–MS study indicated that the bio-oil contained 37% oxygenates that can be upgraded to transportation fuel in future research. Syn-gas compositional analysis shows that, with increasing pyrolysis temperature, CO2, CO, C2H4 and C2H6 contents increased, whereas H2 and CH4 contents decreased. Part of the syn-gas consisting of H2, CO and CO2, when converted to syn-fuel, can be beneficial to the environment; sulfur free, presence of oxygenates results in less CO emissions and ozone to the atmosphere. Bio-char may be used as a co-product to enhance soil quality, and for carbon sequestration. Analysis of elemental composition and physical properties of bio-char show increase in carbon content, decrease in oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen content, and increase in surface area and pore volume with increases of pyrolysis temperature. The optimized pyrolysis process for bio-oil production in this study will help meet future goals of oil upgrading to produce transportation fuel.
Grateful to God or just plain grateful? A comparison of religious and general gratitude

Psychological science has consistently highlighted links between gratitude and religion, however mediating pathways by which religion relates to gratitude remain ambiguous. Further, it is unclear whether religious gratitude (e.g., gratitude to God) is more related to well-being than general gratitude. To address these gaps, we assessed for both religious and general dimensions of gratitude alongside measures of religious commitment and mental/physical well-being in a diverse sample of n = 405 adult individuals. Consistent with previous research, gratitude was positively correlated with religious commitment (r = 0.45, p < 0.001). This relationship, however, was fully mediated by gratitude towards God. Using hierarchical linear regression, results further found that the interaction of religious commitment and religious gratitude added unique variance in predicting mental well-being, over and above general gratitude. This suggests that being grateful to God enhances the psychological benefits of gratitude in...
Contact paranoia and pronoia: An anthropologist looks at SETI

Will radio contact with an extraterrestrial civilization more advanced than ours lead to the devastation of the human spirit, or to a Golden Age for humanity? Analyses of terrestrial contact situations within our species suggest that neither the paranoid nor pronoid scenario would prevail--and that, instead, the enormous problems of translating the signal and understanding the senders would preoccupy our species for centuries if not millennia.
Eyes On, Hands On: Vicarious Observational Learning as an Enhancement of Direct Experience

This research explores the concept of vicarious observational learning as a component of an experiential learning sequence. We compare measures of task performance when participants observe a task ...
Granulomatous liver diseases: A review

Granulomas that consist of focal accumulations of macrophages are commonly found in the liver due to stimulation of the immune system by a number of agents. Manifestations are variable depending on whether the underlying cause is a systemic disease or a primary hepatic granulomatous reaction. This article describes the common causes, presentation, histopathology, and manifestations of granulomatous diseases as well as various diagnostic and management strategies.
FACTORS CONTROLLING SERUM GAMMA-GLOBULIN CONCENTRATION.

Both synthetic and catabolic processes determine the serum gamma-globulin level. The rate of gamma-globulin synthesis appears to be the primary factor determining the amount of serum gamma-globulin. Increase of gamma-globulin synthesis (as may occur following immunization or development of plasma cell tumor) elevates the serum gamma-globulin level. This, in turn, accelerates the fractional rate of gamma-globulin catabolism. The change in catabolic rate reduces the dimensions of the serum change from that which would occur if synthesis alone determined the serum gamma-globulin level. The present studies indicate the existence of a homeostatic mechanism controlling the rate of gamma-globulin catabolism. The mechanisms of gamma-globulin catabolism are specific and selective. Marked serum increase of other immunoglobulin components (beta(2A)-globulins and gamma(1)-macroglobulins) do not accelerate gamma-globulin catabolism. Similarly, serum albumin increases do not influence gamma-globulin catabolism. The site determining gamma-globulin catabolism is restricted to a part of the gamma-globulin molecule; i.e., on the F piece obtained by papain digestion and, by inference, on the H chains obtained by reduction and alkylation of gamma-globulin molecules.
CONTROL OF ADAPTIVE SHELLS WITH THERMAL AND MECHANICAL EXCITATIONS

Abstract Shell-type components and structures are very common in many mechanical and structural systems. Modelling and analysis of adaptive piezothermoelastic shell laminates represent high level of sophistication and complexity. Accordingly, a numerical method is developed to investigate the complicated temperature, mechanical, and control interactions of piezothermoelastic shell composites in this study. Constitutive equations and governing equations of a generic piezothermoelastic continuum are defined first. Strain–displacement relations, electric field–potential relations, thermal gradient–temperature relations of laminated shell composites are then defined. A new piezothermoelastic composite triangular shell finite element is formulated and developed. Matrix equations of the piezothermoelastic shell laminate are derived, in which mechanical, temperature, and electric force vectors are also defined. The electric force vector is used to active control of the shell laminates. Finite element solutions of a piezoelectric laminated composite plate are compared with experimental data and numerical solutions first. Distributed control of a piezoelectric laminated semicircular shell subjected to mechanical and temperature (thermal shock) excitations is investigated and control effectiveness evaluated.
Quality improvement methods improve inhaled corticosteroid prescribing in the emergency department.

AbstractObjective: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are underutilized among persistent asthmatics. Because of low outpatient follow-up rates after Emergency Department (ED) visits, children are unlikely to be prescribed ICS by their primary care physician after an acute exacerbation. ED physicians have the opportunity to contribute to the delivery of preventive care in the acute care setting. Our objective was to evaluate if quality improvement (QI) methods could improve the rate of ICS initiation at ED discharge. Methods: Within the Pediatric ED (PED) at a tertiary children’s hospital, QI methods were used to encourage ICS prescribing at the time of ED discharge. Interventions focused on education at both the attending physician and resident level, process improvements designed to streamline prescribing, and directed provider feedback. This involved multiple plan-do-study-act cycles. Medical records of eligible patients were reviewed monthly to determine ICS prescribing rates. The effect of our intervention...
Adsorbent polystyrene as an aid in plant enzyme isolation

Abstract Porous polystyrene (Amberlite XAD-4) adsorbs hydrophobic and surface-active materials from plant extracts and homogenates. With conventional extraction techniques, these materials tend to bind to proteins by hydrophobic interactions. In some cases covalent modification of protein also occurs. Interfering compounds include phenolics, quinones, terpenes and organic isothiocyanates. Polystyrene complements insoluble polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVPP, Polyclar AT), and the combination of these two adsorbents produced superior enzyme extracts from the several plant tissues that were tested. Tested procedures are described, and suggestions are given for adapting the procedures to new plant systems with contaminating natural products varying in quantity and in chemical nature.
Multiscale modeling and estimation of Poisson processes with application to photon-limited imaging

Many important problems in engineering and science are well-modeled by Poisson processes. In many applications it is of great interest to accurately estimate the intensities underlying observed Poisson data. In particular, this work is motivated by photon-limited imaging problems. This paper studies a new Bayesian approach to Poisson intensity estimation based on the Haar wavelet transform. It is shown that the Haar transform provides a very natural and powerful framework for this problem. Using this framework, a novel multiscale Bayesian prior to model intensity functions is devised. The new prior leads to a simple Bayesian intensity estimation procedure. Furthermore, we characterize the correlation behavior of the new prior and show that it has 1/f spectral characteristics. The new framework is applied to photon-limited image estimation, and its potential to improve nuclear medicine imaging is examined.
Cervical laminoforaminotomy for radiculopathy: Symptomatic and functional outcomes in a large cohort with long-term follow-up.

BACKGROUND: The efficacy and safety of cervical laminoforaminotomy (FOR) in the treatment of cervical radiculopathy has been demonstrated in several series with follow-up less than a decade. However, there is little data analyzing the relative effectiveness of FOR for radiculopathy due to soft disc versus osteophyte disease. In the present study, we review our experience with FOR in a single-center cohort, with long-term follow-up. METHODS: We examined the charts of patients who underwent 1085 FORs between 1990 and 2009. A cohort of these patients participated in a telephone interview designed to assess improvement in symptoms and function. RESULTS: A total of 338 interviews were completed with a mean follow-up of 10 years. Approximately 90% of interviewees reported improved pain, weakness, or function following FOR. Ninety-three percent of patients were able to return to work after FOR. The overall complication rate was 3.3%, and the rate of recurrent radiculopathy requiring surgery was 6.2%. Soft disc subtypes compared to osteophyte disease by operative report were associated with improved symptoms (P < 0.05). The operative report of these pathologic subtypes was associated with the preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) interpretation (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that FOR is a highly effective surgical treatment for cervical radiculopathy with a low incidence of complications. Radiculopathy due to soft disc subtypes may be associated with a better prognosis compared to osteophyte disease, although osteophyte disease remains an excellent indication for FOR.
Specifying The Needs Of A ‘Bilingual’ Developmentally Disabled Population: Issues And Case Studies

Linguistic and cognitive assessment of children whose home language is not English involves a number of complex issues. These include criteria for labeling minority children cognitively deficient, the relationship between bilingualism and cognitive development, acquisition of Spanish and English by bilingual children, and the design of programs for children from non-English speaking background who are also experiencing development disability. Following a review of related literature are sketches of three bilingual children with developmental problems as well as diverse sets of abilities.
Comparing Frequency of TV and Internet Use among African-American Students and Their Effects on Material Values and Sociability

This study compares sociability, material values and self-reported happiness among AfricanAmerican university Internet and television consumers.Reminiscent of Marshal McLuhan’s (1979) medium theory, our results highlight the role of technological change in affecting value structures and social behaviors. The results showed that heavy Internet users did not differ from light Internet users in their level of sociability, however, heavy Internet users avoided “large social gatherings.” For materialism and self-reported happiness, there were no differences between heavy and light Internet users. The results for television viewers differed from Internet users. While there were no differences between light and heavy viewers concerning sociability, heavy TV viewers scored higher than light viewers on materialism, and lower in happiness. Findings suggest that the effects of heavy television viewing do not necessarily translate to heavy Internet use.
The Catholic Bishops vs. the Contraceptive Mandate

The Roman Catholic bishops of the United States have publicly opposed artificial contraception since they first issued a public statement condemning it in 1919. Thereafter, the bishops were generally unsuccessful in persuading the public that contraceptive access should be restricted. Recently, however, the bishops succeeded in a campaign to restrict access to contraceptives for Catholic and non-Catholic women alike. Their lobbying and public criticism of the contraceptive mandate of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), which requires employer health plans to offer preventive reproductive care coverage, forced Obama administration officials into a series of accommodations that gutted portions of the law intended to provide contraception to employees without copayment or cost sharing. In contrast to their earlier efforts to restrict reproductive freedom, the bishops successfully characterized their efforts against the ACA as a battle for religious freedom rather than against reproductive rights. This successful strategy may lead to future setbacks for women’s reproductive liberty.
Potencial de vendas: conceito e determinação

que o mercadooferece?Perguntas como as acima formuladas se aplicam a uma multi-plicidade de situacoes, em que uma empresa se ve, frente aoproblema de distribuir os meios e sua disposicao pelo mer-cado que pretende conquistar.As respostas a estas perguntas sao de importância vital, mes-mo para as empresas que servem uma area relativamente pe-quena. No entanto, a maior parte das empresas nao tem,para este problema, respostas satisfatorias.A finalidade deste artigo e estabelecer um meio seguro deacao que possa ser usado para o fornecimento de informa-coes que constituam o alicerce de decisoes adequadas quantoao nivel das despesas de mercadizacao e a medicao dos resul-tados de tais despesas.
Synergistic Malaria Parasite Killing by Two Types of Plasmodial Surface Anion Channel Inhibitors

Malaria parasites increase their host erythrocyte’s permeability to a broad range of ions and organic solutes. The plasmodial surface anion channel (PSAC) mediates this uptake and is an established drug target. Development of therapies targeting this channel is limited by several problems including interactions between known inhibitors and permeating solutes that lead to incomplete channel block. Here, we designed and executed a high-throughput screen to identify a novel class of PSAC inhibitors that overcome this solute-inhibitor interaction. These new inhibitors differ from existing blockers and have distinct effects on channel-mediated transport, supporting a model of two separate routes for solute permeation though PSAC. Combinations of inhibitors specific for the two routes had strong synergistic action against in vitro parasite propagation, whereas combinations acting on a single route produced only additive effects. The magnitude of synergism depended on external nutrient concentrations, consistent with an essential role of the channel in parasite nutrient acquisition. The identified inhibitors will enable a better understanding of the channel’s structure-function and may be starting points for novel combination therapies that produce synergistic parasite killing.
LnPdSb and Ln3Au3Sb4: new thermoelectric materials

The thermoelectric properties near ambient temperature of half-Heusler alloys based on HoPdSb, DyPdSb, and ErPdSb are reported. The Seebeck coefficients are between 60 and 250 μV/K. The resistivities range between 0.6 and 20 mΩcm, and the majority carriers are p-type. Thermal conductivities are smallest in intentionally disordered materials. The highest ambient temperature ZT obtained is 0.06. Band structure calculations are presented, and are compared to those for ZrNiSn. It is suggested that half-Heusler alloys with 18 electrons per formula unit may represent a large class of thermoelectric materials. The thermoelectric properties of another family of cubic symmetry antimonides, based on Ho 3 Au 3 Sb 4 and Sm 3 Au 3 Sb 4 , are also reported.
Reports of spouse abuse in the U.S. Army Central Registry (1989-1997).

OBJECTIVE: To report the distributions and characteristics of spouse abuse victims and offenders in the U.S. Army Central Registry from 1989 to 1997. METHOD: Case and population data were tabulated using SAS procedures. RESULTS: There were 61,827 initial substantiated cases, 5,772 subsequent incidents, and 3,921 reopened cases. Victim rates varied between 8 and 10.5 per 1,000 married persons. About 82% of victims and offenders were between the ages of 18 and 31 years. The racial distribution of married active duty white and black victims and offenders was greatly different from that of the married active duty population. The proportion of female victims increased from initial (67%) to subsequent (71%) to reopened cases (75%). CONCLUSIONS: U.S. military populations provide unique opportunities to study family violence because of the socioeconomic "floor" under service members and their families. Comparisons between military and civil populations on precipitating circumstances, case assessment and definition, and treatment efficacy would be fruitful areas for research. Language: en
Plasticity in epithelial polarity of renal intercalated cells : targeting of the H+-ATPase and band 3

The intercalated cell is an epithelial cell of the renal collecting tubule that is specialized for H+ and HCO3- transport. These cells exist as two types, alpha and beta. The alpha-cell secretes H+...
UTILIZATION OF AN ADVANCED ABLATION LESION ANNOTATION SYSTEM WITH FORCE SENSING CATHETERS DRAMATICALLY REDUCES ADENOSINE INDUCED PULMONARY VEIN RECONNECTION FOLLOWING RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION FOR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION

The ability to achieve transmural, durable ablation lesions is a significant challenge of a pulmonary veins isolation (PVI) procedure resulting in their reconnection. We aim to assess the effect of utilization of a force-sense irrigated tip catheters in conjunction with a novel automated ablation
An Analysis of the Editorial Committee of the Journal of Music Therapy, 1964–2007

Editorial committees review article submissions and subsequently influence the content of professional journals. In this bibliographical study, the researchers investigated the characteristics of Journal of Music Therapy (JMT) editorial committee between 1964 and 2007 using four publication periods. Data were tabulated using the journal's masthead and online library databases. Results indicated that the number of editors who had publications in JMT prior to their initial appointment, the percentage of female editors, and the number of listed affiliated institutions increased over time. Female editors published more articles than did male editors during the last two decades. University of Kansas, Florida State University, and New York University contributed the most alumni to the committee. The researchers identified a possible link between certain historical events, such as the formation of the American Music Therapy Association, and the composition, and the size of the committee's roster.
Preparing for Harvesting Radioisotopes from FRIB

The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) is the next generation accelerator facility under construction at Michigan State University. FRIB will produce a wide variety of rare isotopes by a process called projectile fragmentation for a broad range of new experiments when it comes online in 2020. The accelerated rare isotope beams produced in this facility will be more intense than any current facility in the world - in many cases by more than 1000-fold. These beams will be available to the primary users of FRIB in order to do exciting new fundamental research with accelerated heavy ions. In the standard mode of operation, this will mean one radioisotope will be selected at a time for the user. However, the projectile fragmentation process also yields hundreds of other radioisotopes at these bombarding energies, and many of these rare isotopes are long-lived and could have practical applications in medicine, national security or the environment. This project developed new methods to collect these long-lived rare isotopes that are by-products of the standard FRIB operation. These isotopes are important to many areas of research, thus this project will have a broad impact in several scientific areas including medicine, environment and homeland security.
Influence of Heterodera glycines infection, plant age and water availability on foliar symptoms of sudden death syndrome, root symptom severity and root morphology of soybean plants infected by Fusarium virguliforme

Fusarium virguliforme Aoki, O’Donnell, Homma and Lattanzi (FV), a causal organism of sudden death syndrome (SDS), and Heterodera glycines Ichinohe, the soybean cyst nematode (SCN), are two of the most important soil-borne pathogens affecting soybean production in the USA. These pathogens often occur together in production fields and interact, which results in significant yield losses. In co-infected plants, SDS symptoms appear earlier and are more severe than in plants infected by FV alone. However, the mechanism of the SCN-FV interaction remains unclear. Fusarium virguliforme is able to infect soybean plants of different growth stages, but plants infected at younger stages develop more severe foliar SDS symptoms than plants infected later. The effect of SCN infection on age-related resistance to SDS is unknown. A set of greenhouse experiments were conducted to investigate: 1) how the presence of SCN in soybean roots affects the FV infection process and SDS severity, and characterize the effect of water availability on the SCN-FV interaction in soybean roots, and 2) investigate if age-related resistance of older soybean plants to SDS is affected by SCN infection. Foliar SDS severity was always greater in co-infected plants than in plants infected by FV alone in all experiments. The amount of available soil water affected foliar SDS severity. Plants grown under normal watering showed more foliar SDS than plants in reduced watering treatments. Foliar severity, expressed as the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), was greater in the SCN-susceptible cultivar (AG2403) than in the SCN-resistant cultivar (MACO24757).
81 Policymaker perspectives on why evidence-based traffic safety policies are supported or opposed

Background The Centres for Disease Control and Prevention have recognised the United States’ reduction in motor vehicle fatalities as one of the 20 th century’s greatest public health achievements. Public policy played a critical role in this progress. Regulatory oversight and public investment yielded safer vehicles and modern highways. State legislation was passed to encourage members of the public to drive safely and use protective equipment. Many jurisdictions however, both within the United States and internationally, are not benefitting from policies that have been shown to save lives. The purpose of this study was to increase our understanding of the barriers that prevent legislators from adopting evidence-based traffic safety policies. Methods A review of legislative activity was carried in the 2013 and 2014 to identify traffic safety bills under consideration at state legislatures within the United States. Four bills were selected for study inclusion because there was scientific evidence that suggests they would likely have influenced injury outcomes, and they had received mixed votes within the state’s legislative body. Legislators who had voted for and against the bills were invited to participate in semi-structured interviews. Discussions were audiotaped, and subsequently transcribed. They were then coded for themes. A sample of the data was also coded by a second reviewer, to ensure that a reliable coding scheme had been developed. Results The characteristics of legislators who agreed and declined to participate in the study will be reported. The perspectives of policymakers who voted for and against the proposed safety laws will be contrasted, with regard to issue salience, factors influencing their vote, whether interest groups or constituents contacted them and what they believed that the consequences of the bill’s passage would have been. General legislative insights into what safety advocates need to understand about a policymaker’s perspective will also be presented. Conclusions Many factors other than scientific evidence influence whether legislators support important safety legislation. More research is needed into how to overcome value-driven objections. Safety advocates would benefit from a more sophisticated understanding of the legislative process, and/or partnering with professionals who are more familiar with the policymaking environment.
Grand Allusions: Vergil in Phaedrus

This article focuses on two allusions to Vergil in the opening of the third book of Phaedrus’ Aesopic fables (3.Prol.) and suggests that Vergilian poetry plays a surprisingly central role in Phaedrus’ reflections on the nature and purpose of his poetic project. By linking his own avowedly humble poetry to the Aeneid and Eclogues, Phaedrus draws attention to some unexpected points of contact with Vergil; but he also quite clearly presents himself as a relatively unimportant poet who has had a particularly difficult time finding acceptance in Rome. The engagements with Vergil thus provide contexts for Phaedrus to highlight a crucial dimension of his poetic identity: the Roman fabulist expressed grand ambition but insisted that his inventiveness and sophistication would ultimately do nothing to improve his position on the margins of Roman literary culture.
Long range, high resolution 94GHz FMCW imaging radar (AVTIS)

Frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) mm-wave radar offers high range resolution in a compact, low power system. We present recent improvements to our 94 GHz FMCW imaging radar, AVTIS, which extend the maximum range to approximately 7km whilst maintaining a range resolution of around 1.5 m. This has been achieved by using a low-phase noise, highly linear YIG oscillator in the frequency-multiplied transmitter.
2D titanium carbide and transition metal oxides hybrid electrodes for Li-ion storage

Abstract The combination of nanomaterials with complementary properties in a well-designed architecture is an attractive strategy to develop multi-functional, high-performance materials for applications in energy conversion and storage, catalysis, electronic devices, and more. Herein, we propose three different methods: alternating filtration, spray coating, and in-situ wet chemistry synthesis, to achieve the hybridization of two-dimensional (2D) Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene and transition metal oxides (TMOs), such as Co 3 O 4 and NiCo 2 O 4 . The resulting flexible free-standing hybrid films were free of binders, conductive additives, or current collectors. When used directly as anodes for Li-ion batteries, these hybrid films successfully combined the metallic conductivity of Ti 3 C 2 T x and high capacity of TMOs, showing excellent electrochemical performance for Li-ion storage. High reversible capacities over 1200 mA h g −1 were achieved by the MXene/TMO hybrid film electrodes fabricated by all three methods. All films also exhibited impressive long cycling stabilities and excellent rate performances. In particular, the spray-coated Ti 3 C 2 T x /NiCo 2 O 4 hybrid film electrode achieved high reversible capacities of 1330, and 650 and 350 mA h g −1 at 0.1, 5 and 10 C, respectively, along with no capacity decay over hundreds of cycles. This work demonstrates that the hybridization of MXenes, a large family of 2D transition metal carbides/nitrides, and TMOs has a significant potential for energy storage, and is promising for expansion into other applications.
The Thermal-Neutron Capture Cross Section of 147Sm

The thermal-neutron capture cross section of 147Sm has been measured by the mass spectrometric determination of the number of 148Sm atoms formed by neutron capture. Samples of high isotopic purity ...
Aware Diffusion: A Low Power and Reliable Delivery Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Directed diffusion is a well know routing algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) that was designed in 2003. Directed diffusion saves energy by sending data packets hop by hop and by enforcing paths to avoid flooding. The main disadvantage of directed diffusion is that it is not aware of the network and nodes status and as a result cannot compare potential paths to find the best or healthier path. As an effort to try to overcome this disadvantage, we propose aware diffusion protocol. Aware diffusion collects data about the available paths and uses these data to enforce healthier paths using machine learning. The data collection is done by adding a new stage called data collection stage. In this stage the protocol designer can determine which parameters to collect then use these parameters in enforcing the best path according to a certain criteria. In our implementation of this paradigm we are collecting total energy on the path, lowest energy level on the path, and hop count. Again, the data collected is designer and application specific. The collected data will be used to compare available paths using non-incremental learning, and the outcome will be preferring paths that meet the designer criteria. In our case, healthier and shorter paths are preferred, which will result in less power consumption and higher delivery rate since healthier and less nodes will be doing the work
Multifunctional Mitochondrial AAA Proteases.

Mitochondria perform numerous functions necessary for the survival of eukaryotic cells. These activities are coordinated by a diverse complement of proteins encoded in both the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes that must be properly organized and maintained. Misregulation of mitochondrial proteostasis impairs organellar function and can result in the development of severe human diseases. ATP-driven AAA+ proteins play crucial roles in preserving mitochondrial activity by removing and remodeling protein molecules in accordance with the needs of the cell. Two mitochondrial AAA proteases, i-AAA and m-AAA, are anchored to either face of the mitochondrial inner membrane, where they engage and process an array of substrates to impact protein biogenesis, quality control, and the regulation of key metabolic pathways. The functionality of these proteases is extended through multiple substrate-dependent modes of action, including complete degradation, partial processing or dislocation from the membrane without proteolysis. This review discusses recent advances made towards elucidating the mechanisms of substrate recognition, handling, and degradation that allow these versatile proteases to control diverse activities in this multifunctional organelle.
The technological paradigm of Nanosciences and Technologies: a study of science-technology time and space relations

One of the most relevant theoretical insights into the characteristics of technological change is Dosi’s technological paradigm. Dosi aims to overcome technology-push and demand-pull theories into a framework closer to facts. The present contribution is set in this framework, aiming to find some evidence, starting from an empirical analysis, of the characteristics of technological paradigms. The context is the ex ante and preindustrialization phase of a highly knowledge-intensive paradigm, that of nanotechnologies and nanosciences. The present work exploits an empirical analysis related to patent citations, with particular regard to citations of scientific journal articles. Both the time and the space dimensions are explored. Results – strict time and space relations between patenting and previous scientific production – confirm some characteristics of technological paradigms envisaged both by the original work and by subsequent literature.
Research Techniques Made Simple: Murine Models of Human Psoriasis

Psoriasis vulgaris is a common, inflammatory skin disease affecting approximately 3% of the population in the United States. The etiology of psoriasis and its associated comorbidities are complex and the result of complicated interactions between the skin, immune system, disease-associated susceptibility loci, and multiple environmental triggers. The modeling of human disease in vivo through the use of murine models represents a powerful, indispensable tool for investigating the immune and genetic mechanisms contributing to a clinical disease phenotype. Nevertheless, modeling a complex, multigenic disease like psoriasis in mice has proven to be extremely challenging and is associated with significant limitations. Over the last four decades, more than 40 unique mouse models for psoriasis have been described. These models can be categorized into three major types: acute (inducible), genetically engineered (transgenic), and xenograft (humanized). The purpose of this Research Techniques Made Simple article is to provide an overview of the common types of psoriasis-like mouse models currently in use and their inherent advantages and limitations. We also highlight the need for improved psoriasis mouse model systems and several key factors to be considered as this field of laboratory science advances.