cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
"Race Doesn't Matter, But...": The Effect of Race on Professors' Experiences and Emotion Management in the Undergraduate College Classroom.

Research has shown how black scholars' experiences differ from those of their white counterparts in regard to research and service, but few studies have addressed the influence of race on professors' teaching experiences. In this paper I examine how and to what degree race shapes professors' perceptions and experiences in the undergraduate college classroom. I analyze how students' social and cultural expectations about race affect professors' emotional labor and management, shaping the overall nature of their jobs. The findings suggest that black professors' work in the classroom is different and more complex than that of their white colleagues because negotiating a devalued racial status requires extensive emotion management. Social constraints affect the negotiation of self and identity in the classroom, influencing the emotional demands of teaching and increasing the amount of work required to be effective.
Distribution, Habits and Nest of Chenorhamphus grayi. A Malurid Endemic to New Guinea

The fairy-wren Chenorhamphus grayi belongs to a little-known uncommon monotypic genus endemic to New Guinea. I observed it in the North Coastal Range and Gauttier Mts and discovered its nest. About thirty specimens exist. Chenorhamphus is confined to northern New Guinea from Salawati and the Vogelkop east to 143°E in the Sepik region, mainly in hills up to 1,000 metres. It forages in monospecific parties in the understorey and ground layer of primary rainforest, specially at small natural openings. In the Gauttier Mts I found three parties along a transect of eight kilometres. The nest, voice and weight are described, as are niche differences from other New Guinean malurids.
Common problems of ambulatory geriatric patients: A survey

Problem profiles for office patients 65 years of age and older in Wisconsin and nationwide were remarkably similar and showed a significantly higher incidence of diseases of the circulatory system than of any other category of disease. Data on common problems are useful for planning allocation of resources and help to document the need for medical school courses on problem solving in geriatrics.
The spleen as an extramedullary source of inflammatory cells responding to acetaminophen-induced liver injury.

Abstract Macrophages have been shown to play a role in acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity, contributing to both pro- and anti-inflammatory processes. In these studies, we analyzed the role of the spleen as an extramedullary source of hepatic macrophages. APAP administration (300 mg/kg, i.p.) to control mice resulted in an increase in CD11b + infiltrating Ly6G + granulocytic and Ly6G − monocytic cells in the spleen and the liver. The majority of the Ly6G + cells were also positive for the monocyte/macrophage activation marker, Ly6C, suggesting a myeloid derived suppressor cell (MDSC) phenotype. By comparison, Ly6G − cells consisted of 3 subpopulations expressing high, intermediate, and low levels of Ly6C. Splenectomy was associated with increases in mature (F4/80 + ) and immature (F4/80 − ) pro-inflammatory Ly6C hi macrophages and mature anti-inflammatory (Ly6C lo ) macrophages in the liver after APAP; increases in MDSCs were also noted in the livers of splenectomized (SPX) mice after APAP. This was associated with increases in APAP-induced expression of chemokine receptors regulating pro-inflammatory (CCR2) and anti-inflammatory (CX3CR1) macrophage trafficking. In contrast, APAP-induced increases in pro-inflammatory galectin-3 + macrophages were blunted in livers of SPX mice relative to control mice, along with hepatic expression of TNF-α, as well as the anti-inflammatory macrophage markers, FIZZ-1 and YM-1. These data demonstrate that multiple subpopulations of pro- and anti-inflammatory cells respond to APAP-induced injury, and that these cells originate from distinct hematopoietic reservoirs.
Effect of mammography on breast cancer mortality.

Although mammography can lead to false-positive results, emotional stress, and unnecessary biopsies, it appears to reduce deaths from breast cancer by about 15 percent.
The Schooling We Have

American schools are organized like factories, which doesn’t work well, partly because humans are not interchangeable parts. Educational policy-makers use a rhetoric of crisis to impose simplistic solutions that fail to address central issues. Instead of asking what schools are really for, we offer a vague and incoherent curriculum that reduces everything to isolated bits of knowledge and fails to give students a sense of the big picture. A combination of John Dewey’s pragmatic naturalism and systems theory can offer an alternative conception.
Alcohol, Aldehyde, and Ketone Liberation and Intracellular Cargo Release through Peroxide-Mediated α-Boryl Ether Fragmentation

α-Boryl ethers, carbonates, and acetals, readily prepared from the corresponding alcohols that are accessed through ketone diboration, react rapidly with hydrogen peroxide to release alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones through the collapse of hemiacetal intermediates. Experiments with α-boryl acetals containing a latent fluorophore clearly demonstrate that cargo can be released inside cells in the presence of exogenous or endogenous hydrogen peroxide. These experiments show that this protocol can be used for drug activation in an oxidative environment without generating toxic byproducts.
Balancing Therapy with Thrombopoietin Receptor Agonists and Splenectomy in Refractory Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura: A Case of Postsplenectomy Thrombocytosis Requiring Plateletpheresis

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) causes thrombocytopenia through the autoimmune destruction of platelets. Corticosteroids remain the first line of therapy, and traditionally splenectomy has been the second. While the availability of thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs) has expanded treatment options, there is little data for the ideal management of these agents in preparation for splenectomy. Thrombocytosis has been reported after splenectomy in patients treated with TPO-RA preoperatively, with one prior case requiring plateletpheresis for symptomatic thrombocytosis. We present a case report and review of the literature pertaining to this complication and provide recommendations for preventing postsplenectomy thrombocytosis in ITP patients on TPO-RAs.
Epidemiological and Clinical Features of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome During an Outbreak in South Korea, 2013-2015.

Abstract Since the first reported case of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in South Korea in 2013, between 2013 and 2015, we collected 1,697 serum samples from suspected patients who experienced symptoms of SFTS. We performed reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction using total RNA extracted from the patients' sera. When viral RNA was detected in the sera, SFTS was diagnosed. Among the 1,697 samples, 170 were positive for SFTS virus. We then analyzed the epidemiologic features of these 170 cases. As a result, we found that the annual number of cases increased steadily. However, the annual case fatality rate exhibited a downward trend. The majority of patients were aged ≥ 60 years, and most cases occurred during May–October in the eastern and southern parts of the country. These results may be useful for effective SFTS control by describing the clinical and epidemiologic features of the disease in South Korea.
Competition and niche partitioning among Pseudoroegneria spicata, Hedysarum boreale , and Centaurea maculosa

Maximizing desired plant diversity has been suggested as a means of minimizing non-indigenous plant invasion on rangeland by maximizing niche occupation. Competition between 2 desired indigenous species, Pseudoroegneria spicata (Pursh). Love (bluebunch wheatgrass) and Hedysarum boreale Nutt. var. boreale (northern sweetvetch), and a non-indigenous invader, Centaurea maculosa Lam. (spotted knapweed), was quantified using growth of isolated individuals and 2 three-species addition series experiments. Seeding densities of P. spicata remained constant at 0, 200, 400, and 800 seeds m -2 in both experiments. H. boreale and C. maculosa seeding densities were 0, 200, 400, and 800 seeds m -2 , respectively, in the 1st experiment and 0, 400, 800, and 1600 seeds m -2 , respectively, in the 2nd experiment. Densities were factorially arranged. Pots were place in an environmental chamber (12 C, 12-h day length, 200 µmol photons m -2 s -1 spectral light) in a randomized-complete-block design. After 90 d the growth rate of P. spicata (92.1 mg d -1 shoot growth) was greater than that of the 2 forbs (1.6 and 5.5 mg d -1 for H. boreale and C. maculosa , respectively), and growth rates of the 2 forbs were similar to one another. Curvilinear regression indicated that intraspecific competition was more important in determining shoot weight than intraspecific competition. In addition, the 2 forbs competed more directly with each other than with P. spicata . Competition coefficient ratios (1.42 and 1.53 for P. spicata with H. boreale and C. maculosa , respectively, and 1.03 for H. boreale with C. maculosa ) indicated substantial partitioning of resources between P. spicata and each of the forbs. Little or no resource partitioning occurred between forbs. This study suggests that increasing desired plant diversity may minimize weed invasion by increasing niche occupation.
Computational Tools for Design of Selective Small Molecules Targeting RNA: From Small Molecule Microarrays to Chemical Similarity Searching

RNA is an important drug target, yet few lead compounds elicit their effects by acting on RNA outside of the bacterial ribosome. Herein, we describe various synergistic strategies to identify small molecules that target RNA and how computational approaches can be utilized for lead optimization. In particular, we describe the development of small molecule microarray approaches applied towards RNA and its application to identify small molecule binders and for the facile study of antibiotic resistance mechanisms for known or novel lead antibacterials. Additionally, a microarray-based library-versus-library screen, which probes millions of combinations, is described that identifies RNA motif binding partners preferred by small molecules. Lead compounds can be designed by searching for these privileged interactions in a disease-causing RNA. Computational chemistry can be used to optimize these compounds. For example, lead compounds that target the r(CCUG) repeats expansions that cause myotonic dystrophy type 2 (DM2) were lead optimized by using structure-based design. Specifically, the compounds were developed to allow an in situ click chemistry approach in which a disease-affected cell synthesizes its own drug on-site by using the disease-causing biomolecule as a cellular catalyst. In another lead optimization strategy, chemical similarity searching was employed to lead optimize small molecules that target the r(CUG) repeat expansion that causes myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1). These studies allowed for the identification of an in vivo active small molecule that targets r(CUG) and improves disease-associated defects. As more studies are completed to understand the role of RNA in disease biology, the number of potential RNA targets will increase. In order to leverage these important investigations to develop compounds that target RNA, approaches that allow one to identify and optimize small molecules for selectivity and potency must be carefully considered.
A Syrian Educationalist in the USA

I was born in a small village on the outskirt of Homs (Syria) to a family of modest means but great confidence in its members. The community in which I grew up had little resources beyond farming, manual labour, and vending business. This unpropitious economic condition did not disturb the simple and happy life of the community, but it did stratify people based on their possessions, income, and position. Though my parents had no formal education, they believed in schooling as a means for socioeconomic mobility and financial security.
Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Memantine

Memantine was the first breakthrough medication for the treatment of moderate to severe Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients and represents a fundamentally new mechanism of action (moderate-affinity, uncompetitive, voltage-dependent, N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist that exhibits fast on/off kinetics) to modulate glutamatergic dysfunction. Since its approval by the FDA in 2003, memantine, alone and in combination with donepezil, has improved patient outcomes in terms of cognition, behavioral disturbances, daily functioning, and delaying time to institutionalization. In this review, we will highlight the historical significance of memantine to AD (and other neuropsychiatric disorders) as well as provide an overview of the synthesis, pharmacology, and drug metabolism of this unique NMDA uncompetitive antagonist that clearly secures its place among the Classics in Chemical Neuroscience.
Head and Media Design for Curvature Reduction in Heat-Assisted Magnetic Recording

Recording curvature in magnetic data-storage technology has long been one of the significant challenges impacting on recording performance. Despite curvature occurrence in the conventional recording techniques such as perpendicular magnetic recording (PMR), heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) is demonstrated to induce much more severe curvature than PMR. HAMR curvature could cause poor bit error rate and limits the maximum areal density capacity. Here we have theoretically predicted and demonstrated various approaches for curvature reduction from the aspect of either altering the near-field transducer head design or recording medium design. Optical and thermal modeling have indicated that by utilizing a crown-shape peg to change the thermal source profile and compensate for thermal expansion and rounding effect, it could potentially improve curvature figure of merit (FOM) and achieve curvature reduction by ~45%. In terms of the recording media design, by altering the heat sink and internal layer media material or geometry, it could also achieve curvature cancellation of ~40% with increased thermal gradient. The combined approach from both HAMR head and media perspectives with balanced recording FOMs, could potentially realize significant curvature reduction to be of similar or better recording curvature level to PMR.
Publisher’s Note: Special Section on Advances in Remote Sensing Applications for Locust Habitat Monitoring and Management

This special section, guest edited by Ramesh Sivanpillai and Alexandre V. Latchininsky, will appear in two parts. Part I is published in Volume 7 (2013) of the Journal of Applied Remote Sensing; part 2 will be published in Volume 8 (2014). A guest editorial will be published with part 2 in 2014. The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.
Systems genetics identifies a co-regulated module of liver microRNAs associated with plasma LDL cholesterol in murine diet-induced dyslipidemia

Chronically altered levels of circulating lipids, termed dyslipidemia, is a significant risk factor for a number of metabolic and cardiovascular morbidities. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of lipid balance, have been implicated in dyslipidemia, and have been proposed as candidate therapeutic targets in lipid-related disorders including atherosclerosis. A major limitation of most murine studies of miRNAs in lipid metabolic disorders is that they have been performed in just one (or very few) inbred strains, such as C57BL/6. Moreover, although individual miRNAs have been associated with lipid phenotypes, it is well understood that miRNAs likely work together in functional modules. To address these limitations, we implemented a systems genetics strategy using the Diversity Outbred (DO) mouse population. Specifically, we performed gene and miRNA expression profiling in the livers from ~300 genetically distinct DO mice after 18 wk on either a high-fat/high-cholesterol diet or a high-protein diet. Large-scale correlative analysis of these data with a wide range of cardio-metabolic end points revealed a co-regulated module of miRNAs significantly associated with circulating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. The hubs of this module were identified as miR-199a, miR-181b, miR-27a, miR-21_-_1, and miR-24. In sum, we demonstrate that a high-fat/high-cholesterol diet robustly rewires the miRNA regulatory network, and we identify a small group of co-regulated miRNAs that may exert coordinated effects to control circulating LDL-C.
Abstract TMP90: Trends in Tracheostomy after Stroke: Analysis of the 1993-2013 Nationwide Inpatient Sample

Background: Tracheostomy is a potentially life-sustaining procedure for patients with severe stroke, yet trends in its use are not well known. Methods: Patients presenting with ischemic stroke (IS), intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were identified from the 1993 to 2013 Nationwide Inpatient Sample using previously validated ICD-9-CM codes. Our outcome was tracheostomy, also defined using previously validated procedure codes. Survey weights and descriptive statistics with exact confidence intervals [CI] were used to report rates of tracheostomy, stratified by stroke type. In a secondary analysis, we used multivariate logistic regression to assess rates of tracheostomy stratified by age, race, and sex. Results: From 1993-2013, 13,729,365 patients (95% CI, 13,103,569-14,355,160) were hospitalized in the U.S. with IS, ICH, or SAH. Among these patients, 230,555 (1.7%; 95% CI, 1.6-1.8%) received a tracheostomy. The mean age of patients undergoing tracheostomy was 58.9 (±19.8) years. Rates of tracheostomy use were 1.1% (95% CI, 1.0-1.5%) after IS, 3.8% (95% CI, 3.6-4.0%) after ICH, and 6.2% (95% CI, 5.8-6.6%) after SAH. Tracheostomy was more common in men (OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.30-1.35), non-whites (OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 2.00-2.09), and those ≤60 years of age (OR, 2.33; 95% CI, 2.30-2.37). The overall rate of tracheostomy use after any type of stroke increased from 1.2% in 1993 to 2.0% in 2013 (p 60 years of age, and by 2.7% (p Conclusion: Over the past two decades, the use of tracheostomy appears to be increasing among patients admitted with stroke.
An experimental study of defrost on treated surfaces: Effect of frost slumping

Abstract Experiments of defrost processes are reported for superhydrophilic, plain and superhydrophobic surfaces which are vertically placed. On the superhydrophobic surface, the frost layer falls off as a rigid body. On the superhydrophilic and plain surfaces, the frost melts, and part of the frost layer falls off with the draining meltwater. Defrost time is thus less for the superhydrophobic surface compared to that for superhydrophilic and plain surfaces. Frost slumping conditions are analyzed with a static force balance, and criteria for frost release are presented. Meltwater motions are suggested as the key factor of the defrost mechanism. When the volume flux of meltwater in the frost is greater than the melting rate, the meltwater is absorbed into the frost. When the volume flux of meltwater is less than the melting rate, it accumulates and drains on the surface. Water accumulation favors frost slumping because the adhesive force becomes weak. Frost slumping generally shortens defrost time and improves defrost efficiency based on our measurements.
A Novel Method for Preparing a Batch of Silicate Glasses Using Sodium and Potassium Hydroxides

A novel method for preparing a batch of silicate glasses containing crystalline quartz, glass formers, modifiers, intermediates, and auxiliary components, including the physicochemical activation of high-melting batch components with the use of alkali metal hydroxides, is developed. The optimal technological parameters are determined and the general scheme for obtaining an agglomerate by the proposed method is presented. It is found that moisturizing the activated components of a glass batch with a KOH solution having a minimal concentration of 0.5% strengthens the agglomerate of the glass batch in comparison with moisturizing by water.
Author response: Anti-cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1A (cN1A) autoantibodies in motor neuron diseases.

I thank Dr. Budhram for his interest in this topic.1 The antibody isotype was not included due to the limited word count. The test was done at the commercial laboratory and it detected only immunoglobulin G subtype.
Monitoring Instructional Responsiveness−Reading (MIR-R): Preliminary Validity and Reliability With Economically Diverse Learners:

To preliminarily validate the Monitoring Instructional Responsiveness−Reading (MIR-R) for use in low-income settings, data were collected from 147 students from first through fifth grades who were ...
The Application of Modern Computational Chemistry Methods to Organometallic Systems

An overview is presented of modern computational chemical methods as applied to organometallic complexes. Techniques discussed include density functional theory, effective core potentials, multiconfiguration methods, perturbation theory, semi-empirical quantum mechanics, hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics among others. Emphasis is placed on the challenges inherent in the reliable modeling of organometallic chemistry and the protocols that computational chemists have developed to meet these challenges.
Decarboxylation of Diunsaturated Linoleic Acid to Heptadecane over Zeolite Supported Pt/ZIF-67 Catalysts

Diunsaturated linoleic acid was deoxygenated in H2, CO2, and N2 atmospheres over 0.3 wt % Pt/ZIF-67/Zeolite 5A bead catalysts. Nearly complete conversion was observed in H2 and N2 atmospheres (≥95%...
High-Speed Shape and Transient Response Measurements of Tympanic Membrane

We are developing a High-speed Digital Holographic (HDH) system to measure acoustically induced transient displacements of live mammalian Tympanic Membranes (TM) for research and clinical applications. To date, the HDH can measure one-dimensional displacements along a single 1-D sensitivity vector. However, because of the TM’s tent-like shape and angled orientation inside the ear canal, 1-D measurements need to be combined with measurements of the shape and orientation of the TM to determine the true surface normal (out-of-plane) displacements. Furthermore, TM shape also provides invaluable information for better diagnostic and modelling of the TM. To introduce shape measurements capabilities into our HDH, a tunable laser (line width 67 kHz temporal and <15 nm displacement resolutions) in response to broadband acoustic click excitations (50 μs duration). Both shape and displacement can be measured in less than 150 ms, which avoids slow disturbances introduced by breathing and heartbeat, with the promise of future measurements in vivo. Representative shape and displacement measurements capabilities are demonstrated on cadaveric human temporal bones.
Towards East Asian Dialogue: Thinking Through the Policy Contradictions of Equity and Excellence in East Asian Education

Hong Kong, Shanghai, Taiwan, Singapore and Japan, the cities and countries featured in this section of the book, were some of the top performers in the last few rounds of OECD’s PISA wherein they, along with Macao and South Korea, dominated the top rankings of the global league tables. Their success stories in demonstrating how both excellence and equity can be achieved together have swept through the English-language media and policy discourse, prompting prominent political figures in Australia, the UK and the USA to learn from ‘East’ (Sellar S, Lingard B. Comp Educ 49(4), 464–485, 2013; Waldow F, Takayama K, Sung Y. Comp Educ 50(3), 302–321, 2014 ), though much of the learning from East call was based on a highly selective reference to East Asian education policies to legitimize long preferred policy agendas (You Y, Morris P. Compare J Comp Int Educ 46(6), 882–905, 2015) or on reform advocates’ nostalgia for a more didactic approach to teaching, which was presumed to be still alive in East Asia (Forestier K, Crossley M. Compare J Comp Int Educ 45(5), 664–685, 2015). Regardless of whether this ‘learning from East’ trend is genuine or phony, the infatuation with East Asia in the Anglo-American education policy circle is likely to stay for some time particularly against the backdrop of Asia’s rising economic and political influences. Part of the responsibilities of scholars researching East Asian education today then is to provide more contextualised accounts of their success stories to pre-empt any unintelligent form of policy learning and borrowing from East.
The role of energy drink consumption in the intention to initiate marijuana use among adolescents

Abstract Aims The current study aims to examine whether energy drink consumption is associated with intentions to try marijuana among adolescents who have never tried marijuana, and whether the effects of energy drink consumption on the intention to try marijuana vary between adolescents who have previously tried alcohol or cigarettes and those who have not. Methods This study employs a pooled cross-sectional design and uses a nationally representative sample of 8th (ages 13–14) and 10th (ages 15–16) grade adolescents from seven recent cohorts (2010–2016) of the Monitoring the Future (MTF) study. Logistic regression was employed to examine the association between energy drink consumption (none, light, moderate, heavy) and the odds of intending to initiate marijuana use in the next 12 months, controlling for sociodemographic factors and other health and social behaviors. Results The results indicate that energy drink consumers are significantly more likely to intend to initiate marijuana use relative to non-consumers of energy drinks. Specifically, youth who heavily use energy drinks have significantly higher odds of having the intention to use marijuana in the near future than youth who consume energy drinks moderately or lightly. Additionally, evidence suggests that the relationship between energy drink consumption and the intention to use marijuana is moderated by use of other substances. Conclusions The current study suggests that energy drink consumption (particularly heavy consumption) may be one early precursor in the escalation of substance use. It may be beneficial to include energy drinks in drug education curriculums.
Light and Shade of Antibiotics Recently Approved and in Advanced Development for Critically Ill Patients

The progressive increase in antimicrobial resistance represents a major concern among critically ill patients, leading to prolonged length of hospital stay and increased mortality [1]. In this setting, prescription of adequate antibiotic treatment, which is of outstanding importance to reduce mortality rates and improve clinical outcomes, is frequently delayed, and the most commonly employed empiric antibiotic regimens are often inappropriate [2]. To confront the problem of antimicrobial resistance, many new antibiotics with activity against multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens have recently been approved, and other agents are currently under investigation. Here we review the characteristics of the new therapeutic options for the treatment of serious infections caused by MDR pathogens, with a specific focus on the potential advantages of these drugs for the management of critically ill patients in everyday clinical practice.
Estimating the Number of Sources via Deep Learning

This paper presents a deep-learning-based approach to estimating the number of sources in a narrowband angle of arrival (AoA) estimation problem where all signals are coherent. This is an important problem in radar, sonar and communication systems, as many AoA estimators require accurate estimates of the number of sources. Herein, a 15-layer deep learning network with parametric rectified linear units and batch normalization layers is trained using the eigenvalues and the spatially smoothed covariance matrix entries as an input. Our initial results show that the proposed learning based system produces more accurate of estimates of the sources compared to the state-of-the-art techniques.
Modeling HPC Storage Performance Using Long Short-Term Memory Networks

As scientific applications become increasingly data-intensive, the I/O and storage components can easily become the bottlenecks of high performance computing (HPC) systems. Such a trend drives recent development of complex, layered HPC I/O software stack, which contains a huge number of tunable parameters, to achieve good I/O performance. It then becomes necessary for the application developers to fully understand the performance projection of their applications given a set of chosen parameters, and also their potential effects on other concurrent applications. Although there are a number of recent studies aiming to model the relationship between I/O performance of applications and their parameters to provide such insights, the complexity of HPC systems and the interactions between concurrent applications make existing approaches over-simplified and far from practical. In this paper, we try to solve this problem using a powerful deep learning tool, the long short-term memory (LSTM), together with the full history of I/O settings of all concurrent applications in the system. To prove the concept, we carry out extensive experiments using the IOR benchmark and train the model using real system logs. Empirical results show that our LSTM-based model can predict the write speed more accurately than the state-of-the-art approaches. We hope this work can initiate the study toward more accurate and practical I/O performance estimation in HPC systems.
Cell-free DNA for Down syndrome screening in obese women: Is it a cost-effective strategy?

Objective Determine cost differences between cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and serum integrated screening (INT) in obese women given the limitations of aneuploidy screening in this population. Methods Using a decision-analytic model, we estimated the cost-effectiveness of trisomy 21 screening in class III obese women using cfDNA compared with INT. Primary outcomes of the model were cost, number of unnecessary invasive tests, procedure-related fetal losses, and missed cases of trisomy 21. Results In base case, the mean cost of cfDNA was $498 greater than INT ($1399 vs $901). cfDNA resulted in lower probabilities of unnecessary invasive testing (2.9% vs 3.5%), procedure-related loss (0.015% vs 0.019%), and missed cases of T21 (0.00013% vs 0.02%). cfDNA cost $87 485 per unnecessary invasive test avoided, $11 million per procedure-related fetal loss avoided, and $2.2 million per missed case of T21 avoided. In sensitivity analysis, when the probability of insufficient fetal fraction is assumed to be >25%, cfDNA is both costlier than INT and results in more unnecessary invasive testing (a dominated strategy). Conclusion When the probability of insufficient fetal fraction more than 25% (a maternal weight of ≥300 lbs), cfDNA is costlier and results in more unnecessary invasive testing than INT.
Ovarian Androgens Maintain High GnRH Neuron Firing Rate in Adult Prenatally-Androgenized Female Mice.

Changes in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) release frequency from the brain help drive reproductive cycles. In polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), persistent high GnRH/luteinizing hormone (LH) frequency disrupts cycles and exacerbates hyperandrogenemia. Adult prenatally-androgenized (PNA) mice exhibit increased GnRH neuron firing rate, elevated ovarian androgens, and disrupted cycles, but before puberty, GnRH neuron activity is reduced in PNA mice compared with controls. We hypothesized that ovarian feedback mediates the age-dependent change in GnRH neuron firing rate in PNA vs control mice. Extracellular recordings of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-identified GnRH neurons were made 5 to 7 days after sham-surgery, ovariectomy (OVX), or, in adults, after OVX plus replacement of sub-male androgen levels with dihydrotestosterone implants (OVX + DHT). In 3-week-old mice, OVX did not affect GnRH neuron firing rate in either group. In adult controls, OVX increased GnRH neuron firing rate, which was further enhanced by DHT. In adult PNA mice, however, OVX decreased GnRH neuron firing rate, and DHT restored firing rate to sham-operated levels. In contrast to the differential effects of ovarian feedback on GnRH neuron firing rate, serum LH increased after OVX in both control and PNA mice and was not altered by DHT. Pituitary gene expression largely reflected changes expected with OVX, although in PNA but not control mice, DHT treatment increased Lhb expression. These results suggest prenatal androgen exposure programs marked changes in GnRH neuron regulation by homeostatic steroid feedback. PNA lowers GnRH neuron activity in low-steroid states (before puberty, OVX), and renders activity in adulthood dependent upon ongoing exposure to elevated ovarian androgens.
How Data Science Happens

Data science allows practitioners to find deep patterns within data and turn the data into actionable information. The actionable information may be advisory, an indication of a general trend, or may be specific instructions to take. Using data visualization, advanced geospatial mapping, data mining, and predictive analytics, analysts can discover information hiding the data and create predictions based on prior behavior of people, organizations, and objects. This chapter presents an outline for the student or nonpractitioner about what data science is and how it works. Using this, a student may find first stepping stone into the field. The nonpractitioner can learn the vocabulary and concepts to work better with data scientists on their team.
MEMANTINE IS ASSOCIATED WITH DECREASED HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS FOR HEART FAILURE EXACERBATION, BUT NOT ARRHYTHMIA: A SINGLE-CENTER STUDY

N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) modulation recently has been shown to have striking cardiac effects in rat models of heart failure (HF). NMDAR blockade reduced arrhythmias and decreased cardiac remodeling. Memantine, an NMDAR antagonist, is a commonly used dementia drug. We sought to determine
The diversity trap? Critical explorations of black male teachers’ negotiations of leadership and learning in London state schools

Black and minority ethnic teachers are significantly underrepresented in British schools. Despite increasing anxieties about Britain’s ‘diversity shortage’ among teachers, recent studies on the exp...
Minimally Invasive Repair of Adult Slipped Rib Syndrome Without Costal Cartilage Excision

Background Slipped rib syndrome (SRS) is a painful disorder caused when 1 or more of the 8th-10th false ribs become abnormally mobile. Established treatment modalities include analgesia, intercostal nerve injection, and costal cartilage excision. No definitive surgical correction of SRS without cartilage excision has been previously described. We aimed to determine whether a nonexcisional repair technique in affected adults could demonstrate significant relief from SRS using standardized outcome measures. Methods We performed a retrospective review of cases of SRS treated at our institution in 2019. We obtained data by survey before and after sutured 10th rib fixation, using a self-reported rating scale from 0-10 at defined intervals. Surveyed outcome measures were compared pre- and postoperatively using the Wilcoxon signed rank sum test. The use of neural modulating, narcotic, and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug medications was also compared pre- and postoperatively using McNemar's test where applicable. Results SRS was diagnosed using clinical examination alone in 42 adults and repaired in 29 patients. Median postoperative improvement in pain at 1 and 6 months was 75% (P Conclusions Minimally invasive slipped rib repair in adults provides significant relief of SRS, offering a useful alternative to costal cartilage excision. It is well tolerated and effective.
Impact of myoglobin oxygenation state prior to frozen storage on color stability of thawed beef steaks through retail display.

Abstract Consumers consider beef color to be an indicator of freshness and therefore it is a major factor when purchasing beef. The ideal conditions for maintaining color throughout retail display following frozen storage have yet to be well established. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of myoglobin oxygenation levels (especially high oxygenation) during freezing on color stability of thawed steaks during retail display (RD) and to determine the impact that frozen storage duration, aging, and packaging films have on meat color after thawing under RD conditions. USDA Choice strip loins (n = 36) were aged for 4 or 20 d. Steaks were randomly assigned to a myoglobin oxygenation level [deoxymyoglobin (DeOxy; packaged within 3 min), oxygenation (Oxy; oxygenated in air for 30 min), or high oxygenation (HiOxy; packaged for 24 h in 80% O2)]. Steaks were then vacuum packaged in oxygen permeable or impermeable film and immediately frozen (−10 °C). Following either 0, 2, 4, or 6 months of frozen storage at -5 °C, steaks were removed from the packaging and immediately placed under simulated RD conditions for 7 d. During RD, instrumental color and subjective color were measured every day after the initial 24 h thaw period. Steaks were analyzed for instrumental color (L*, a*, b*), a*:b* ratio, percentage oxymyoglobin, metmyoglobin, and deoxymyoglobin, delta E, redness ratio, subjective discoloration, and lipid oxidation. For all days of RD, steaks that were frozen for 0 months had higher a* values (greater redness) than steaks frozen for 6 months which typically had the lowest a* values (P
Laughing at pink ribbon culture: Tig Notaro’s comedic subversion of the she-ro

In this essay, I conduct an ideological performance critique of Tig Notaro’s now-famous 2012 stand-up comedy performance, Live, in which she discloses her recent breast cancer diagnosis. Doing so p...
Multimarker assay for early diagnosis of ovarian cancer

653 Clinical outcome of ovarian cancer patients may be improved by early detection. We hypothesized that a panel comprised of multiple ovarian cancer-associated biomarkers may yield a better diagnostic tool than each individual marker. We utilized the same novel multiplexing LapMAP™ technology that allowed us to evaluate the large panel of biomarkers that have previously shown correlation with epithelial cancers. Concentrations of 46 biomarkers, cancer antigens, CA 125, CEA, CA 15-3, AFP, CA19-9, CA 72-4; growth/angiogenic factors, VEGF, bFGF, EGF, IGFBPI, HGF ErbB2, EGFR; apoptosis-related molecules, Fas, FasL, CK19; metastasis-related molecules, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-7, tPAI, sICAM, V-CAM, sE-selectin; Cytokines, IL-6, IL-8, G-CSF, IP-10, MCP-1, MIP-1a, MIP-1b MIF, IL-2R, Eotaxin; hormones, bHCG, FSH, LH, GH, TSH, ACH, and prolactin; kallikreins 8 and 11, HE4, soluble mesothelin-related marker (SMR), mesothelin, and myeloperoxidase (MPO), were measured in sera of 109 patients with stages I-II ovarian cancer, 200 healthy women, and 111 patients with benign pelvic tumors. IL-6, CA 125, CK 19, IGFBPI, MIF, HE4, IL-2R, and MIP-1b, CA19-9, CA 125, CK19, CA 72-4, TSH, GH, ACTH, and prolactin were significantly higher in cancer, while Eotaxin, ErbB2, EGFR, MMP-2, MMP-3, sICAM, V-CAM, mesothelin, sE-selectin, and FSH were significantly lower in cancer as compared to healthy controls. Additionally, serum levels of CA19-9, CA 125, Cyfra 21-1, CA 72-4, prolactin, and tPAI were significantly higher and TNF-α levels were significantly lower in ovarian cancer group compared to benign group. Three different statistical methods were used to create diagnostic models: logistic regression, mixture discriminant analysis and 2D correlation. 2D correlation demonstrated the best performance offering a sensitivity of 100% at a specificity of 98.6% in a postmenopausal group. The multimarker panel offering the highest diagnostic power was comprised of 8 biomarkers: CA 125, CA 19-9, EGFR, G-CSF, Eotaxin, IL-2R, cVCAM, and MIF. In comparison with published evidence, the presented assay offers so far the best diagnostic power for early detection of ovarian cancer. The discrimination between ovarian cancer and benign pelvic disease was performed using the 2D correlation algorithm and, when utilized the multimarker panel resulted in 98.2% sensitivity at 98.7% specificity. To the best of our knowledge, thus far, this assay provides the highest diagnostic power for early detection of ovarian cancer compared to other published assays.
Audiologic Phenotype and Progression in Pediatric STRC-Related Autosomal Recessive Hearing Loss.

OBJECTIVES Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a common sensory deficit affecting pediatric populations. The majority of pediatric SNHL is genetic in etiology, with over 123 identified nonsyndromic causative genes. One such gene is STRC, which has been identified as the second most frequent autosomal recessive nonsyndromic gene associated with SNHL in multiple populations. The objective of this study was to investigate the phenotypic presentation and incidence of audiologic progression in pediatric patients with STRC-related hearing loss (HL). METHODS Thirty-nine pediatric patients with confirmed HL and biallelic pathogenic STRC mutations were identified at two pediatric hospitals. A retrospective chart review was completed including demographics, medical history, genetic testing results, and audiologic data. HL progression was assessed using air conduction thresholds from pure-tone audiograms and auditory brain stem responses, and masked bone conduction thresholds from pure-tone audiograms. RESULTS Thirty-six patients had homozygous STRC deletions. Three were compound heterozygotes. All patients had bilateral, symmetric SNHL. Baseline HL was mild in 39% of ears, moderate in 52%, and moderate-severe in 3%. Of the 31 patients for which sufficient data were available to evaluate progression, 18 (58%) had some degree of progressive HL. Among these 31 patients assessed for progression, the mean hearing threshold declined by 0.6 dB per year (95% confidence interval: 0.5, 0.8; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS These biallelic STRC patients displayed HL ranging from mild to moderate-severe at baseline and progressing in 58%. The variability of the STRC phenotype and the possibility of audiologic progression should be considered in the clinical management of pediatric STRC-related SNHL. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 Laryngoscope, 131:E2897-E2903, 2021.
An Educator’s Excess of Language Around Latinx Students of Uncertain Legal Status: Creating Visibility or Invisibility?

This paper draws on data from a 2018 study that explored how K-12 educators in one rural Midwestern community were responding to the milieu of rapid changes in immigration policy and rhetoric. Part...
SU‐C‐213‐06: Dosimetric Verification of 3D Printed Electron Bolus

Purpose: To determine the dosimetric effect of 3D printed bolus in an anthropomorphic phantom. Methods: Conformable bolus material was generated for an anthropomorphic phantom from a DICOM volume. The bolus generated was a uniform expansion of 5mm applied to the nose region of the phantom, as this is a difficult area to uniformly apply bolus clinically. A Printrbot metal 3D Printer using PLA plastic generated the bolus. A 9MeV anterior beam with a 5cm cone was used to deliver dose to the nose of the phantom. TLD measurements were compared to predicted values at the phantom surface. Film planes were analyzed for the printed bolus, a standard 5mm bolus sheet placed on the phantom, and the phantom with no bolus applied to determine depth and dose distributions. Results: TLDs measured within 2.5% of predicted value for the 3D bolus. Film demonstrated a more uniform dose distribution in the nostril region for the 3d printed bolus than the standard bolus. This difference is caused by the air gap created around the nostrils by the standard bolus, creating a secondary build-up region. Both demonstrated a 50% central axis dose shift of 5mm relative to the no bolus film. HU for the bolusmore » calculated the PLA electron density to be ∼1.1g/cc. Physical density was measured to be 1.3g/cc overall. Conclusion: 3D printed PLA bolus demonstrates improved dosimetric performance to standard bolus for electron beams with complex phantom geometry.« less
Continuous ozonation treatment systems as other alternative more efficient grain protection technologies

Previous static bed ozonation scale-up and demonstration trials have proven the use of ozone as an effective technology for grain protection without affecting its end-use quality. Due to the lack of current availability of high capacity ozone producing generators, grain treatment through static bed ozonation systems are limited to be used in metal silos of capacities smaller than 644-t. Also, the trials have shown that treatment time has to be of no less than 4 d during application in order to be effective for pest control. Therefore, more efficient ozonation treatment systems are needed for proper ozone usage for stored product protection. The primary objective of these research studies was to design and test a semi-continuous counter-flow ozonation and a continuous ozonation flow treatment systems in order to ozonate grain at faster rates based on the concentration-time product (CTP) of ozone required to achieve 100% insect mortality and effective mold reduction in grain. The procedure of the counter-flow semi-continuous ozonation system consisted of removing each grain layer inside a metal silo with a tapered unloading auger after each layer reached the desired ozone CTP. The treated grain is subsequently transported to a storage or shipping silo. The continuous ozonation flow system involves applying high ozone concentrations through a modified grain loading screw conveyor where ozone and grain are moving continuously in the same flow direction. The counter-flow semi-continuous ozonation system was successfully tested and proved to be a technically feasible tool for pest control and mold reduction. The continuous ozonation flow system was proved as an effective tool for treating grain during handling while achieving 100% insect mortality, and effective mold reduction. Keywords : Ozonation, Continuous treatment, Grain, Pest control, Molds.
Molecular Mechanisms and Regulation of Urinary Acidification

The H(+) concentration in human blood is kept within very narrow limits, ~40 nmol/L, despite the fact that dietary metabolism generates acid and base loads that are added to the systemic circulation throughout the life of mammals. One of the primary functions of the kidney is to maintain the constancy of systemic acid-base chemistry. The kidney has evolved the capacity to regulate blood acidity by performing three key functions: (i) reabsorb HCO3(-) that is filtered through the glomeruli to prevent its excretion in the urine; (ii) generate a sufficient quantity of new HCO3(-) to compensate for the loss of HCO3(-) resulting from dietary metabolic H(+) loads and loss of HCO3(-) in the urea cycle; and (iii) excrete HCO3(-) (or metabolizable organic anions) following a systemic base load. The ability of the kidney to perform these functions requires that various cell types throughout the nephron respond to changes in acid-base chemistry by modulating specific ion transport and/or metabolic processes in a coordinated fashion such that the urine and renal vein chemistry is altered appropriately. The purpose of the article is to provide the interested reader with a broad review of a field that began historically ~60 years ago with whole animal studies, and has evolved to where we are currently addressing questions related to kidney acid-base regulation at the single protein structure/function level.