cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Irreversibility Line Measurement and Vortex Dynamics in High Magnetic Fields in Ni- and Co-Doped Iron Pnictide Bulk Superconductors

The de-pinning or irreversibility lines were determined by ac susceptibility, magnetization, radio-frequency proximity detector oscillator (PDO), and resistivity methods in Ba(Fe0.92Co0.08)2As2 ( T c = 23.2 K), Ba(Fe0.95Ni0.05)2As2 ( T c = 20.4 K), and Ba(Fe0.94Ni0.06)2As2 ( T c = 18.5 K) bulk superconductors in ac, dc, and pulsed magnetic fields up to 65 T. A new method of extracting the irreversibility fields from the radio-frequency proximity detector oscillator induction technique is described. Wide temperature broadening of the irreversibility lines, for any given combination of ac and dc fields, is dependent on the time frame of measurement. Increasing the magnetic field sweep rate (dH/dt) shifts the irreversibility lines to higher temperatures up to about dH/d t = 40,000 Oe/s; for higher dH/dt, there is little impact on the irreversibility line. There is an excellent data match between the irreversibility fields obtained from magnetization hysteresis loops, PDO, and ac susceptibility measurements, but not from resistivity measurements in these materials. Lower critical field vs. temperature phase diagrams are measured. Their very low values near 0 T indicate that these materials are in mixed state in nonzero magnetic fields, and yet the strength of the vortex pinning enables very high irreversibility fields, as high as 51 T at 1.5 K for the Ba(Fe0.92Co0.08)2As2 polycrystalline sample, showing a promise for liquid helium temperature applications.
Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Study of the Curing and Properties of Highly Cross-Linked Epoxy Polymers.

In this work, a coarse-grained model is developed for highly cross-linked bisphenol A diglycidyl ether epoxy resin with diaminobutane hardener. In this model, all conformationally relevant coarse-grained degrees of freedom are accounted for by sampling over the free-energy surfaces of the atomic structures using quantum mechanical simulations. The interaction potentials between nonbonded coarse-grained particles are optimized to accurately predict the experimentally measured density and glass-transition temperature of the system. In addition, a new curing algorithm is also developed to model the creation of highly cross-linked epoxy networks. In this algorithm, to create a highly cross-linked network, the reactants are redistributed from regions with an excessive number of reactive molecules to regions with a lower number of reactants to increase the chances of cross-linking. This new algorithm also dynamically controls the rate of cross-linking at each local region to ensure uniformity of the resulting n...
Enterococcus faecalis readily colonizes the entire gastrointestinal tract and forms biofilms in a germ-free mouse model

The mammalian gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a complex organ system with a twist—a significant portion of its composition is a community of microbial symbionts. The microbiota plays an increasingly...
A comparison of Species Distribution Modeling approaches for an under-sampled parasite of public health importance, Echinococcus multilocularis.

Background: Species distribution models (SDMs) have an important role in predicting the range of emerging and understudied pathogens and parasites. Their use, however, is often limited by the lack of high-resolution unbiased occurrence records. Echinococcus multilocularis is a parasitic cestode of public health importance which is widely distributed throughout Eurasia and is considered an emerging threat in North America. In common with many parasite species, available data for E. multilocularis occurrence are spatially biased and often poorly geo-referenced. Results: Here we produce three separate SDMs using MaxEnt for E. multilocularis using varying complexities of sampling schemes and environmental predictors, designed to make the best possible use of non-ideal occurrence data. The most realistic model utilized both derived and basic climatic predictors; an occurrence sampling scheme which relied primarily on high resolution occurrences from the literature and a bias grid to compensate for an apparently uneven research effort. All models predicted extensive regions of high suitability for E. multilocularis in North America, where the parasite is poorly studied and not currently under coordinated surveillance. Conclusions: Through a pragmatic approach to non-ideal occurrence data we were able to produce a statistically well supported SDM for an under-studied species of public health importance. Although the final model was only trained on data from Eurasia, the global model projection encompassed all known occurrences in the United States. The approach defined here may be applicable to many other such species and could provide useful information to direct resources for future field based surveillance programs for E. multilocularis in North America.
Rett Syndrome: Growth and Nutrition

Feeding problems, dietary intake and the growth and nutrition of 10 girls with Rett syndrome were reported from the University of Oslo, Norway.
An automated isotope identification algorithm using Bayesian statistics

Handheld radio-isotope identifiers (RIIDs) are widely used in the United States for nuclear security, but these detectors generally have poor performance due largely to the algorithms used to identify the radioactive sources. We propose a new algorithm using Bayesian statistics that uses peak positions and areas to identify the source while allowing for calibration drift and shielding.
Dancing robots: integrating art, music, and robotics in Singapore’s early childhood centers

In recent years, Singapore has increased its national emphasis on technology and engineering in early childhood education. Their newest initiative, the Playmaker Programme, has focused on teaching robotics and coding in preschool settings. Robotics offers a playful and collaborative way for children to engage with foundational technology and engineering concepts during their formative early childhood years. This study looks at a sample of preschool children (N = 98) from five early childhood centers in Singapore who completed a 7-week STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics) KIBO robotics curriculum in their classrooms called, “Dances from Around the World.” KIBO is a newly developed robotics kit that teaches both engineering and programming. KIBO’s actions are programmed using tangible programming blocks—no screen-time required. Children’s knowledge of programming concepts were assessed upon completion of the curriculum using the Solve-Its assessment. Results indicate that children were highly successful at mastering foundational programming concepts. Additionally, teachers were successful at promoting a collaborative and creative environment, but less successful at finding ways to engage with the greater school community through robotics. This research study was part of a large country-wide initiative to increase the use of developmentally appropriate engineering tools in early childhood settings. Implications for the design of technology, curriculum, and other resources are addressed.
Entomological Collections in the Age of Big Data

With a million described species and more than half a billion preserved specimens, the large scale of insect collections is unequaled by those of any other group. Advances in genomics, collection digitization, and imaging have begun to more fully harness the power that such large data stores can provide. These new approaches and technologies have transformed how entomological collections are managed and utilized. While genomic research has fundamentally changed the way many specimens are collected and curated, advances in technology have shown promise for extracting sequence data from the vast holdings already in museums. Efforts to mainstream specimen digitization have taken root and have accelerated traditional taxonomic studies as well as distribution modeling and global change research. Emerging imaging technologies such as microcomputed tomography and confocal laser scanning microscopy are changing how morphology can be investigated. This review provides an overview of how the realization of big data...
Pharmacological Treatment of Depression and Anxiety in Children and Adolescents.

There are strong similarities between child and adolescent forms of depressive and anxiety disorders and their adult counterparts. Nevertheless, in contrast to the literature regarding adult depres...
Housing Wealth as Precautionary Savings

In the late 1990s, the personal savings rate in the United States fell sharply, raising concern among economists and policy-makers. However, the definition of personal savings excludes households, investment in residential structures. As the savings rate fell, residential investment skyrocketed. This article highlights the role of housing capital as precautionary savings. In general, housing capital is an efficient channel by which households can transfer consumption across time. As such, housing capital can serve as a precautionary buffer. Therefore, the decline in savings could simply be a portfolio reallocation among households with households choosing to hold more housing and fewer financial assets, leaving their overall savings rate more or less unchanged.
The evolving role of hysterectomy in gestational trophoblastic neoplasia at the New England Trophoblastic Disease Center.

OBJECTIVE: To identify indications for hysterectomy in patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) and to evaluate outcomes of hysterectomy in those patients. STUDY DESIGN: Patients who underwent hysterectomy were identified utilizing hospital medical records and the New England Trophoblastic Disease Center (NETDC) database from January 1, 1959―January 1, 2009. Demographic data as well as indication for hysterectomy, stage, World Health Organization score, chemotherapeutic regimens and out-comes were recorded. We further stratified our population into patients with hysterectomies before and after 1980 to assess how indications for and outcomes after hysterectomy may have changed at our institution over time. RESULTS: A total of 98 patients were identified to have undergone hysterectomy for GTN. In the entire cohort 85% (n= 83) achieved remission and 48% (n= 47) required chemotherapy after hysterectomy. Among the patients in the early cohort (n = 49), indications for hysterectomy included 15 (31 %) for primary definitive management, 14 (29%) for chemotherapy resistant disease, 14 (29%) for bleeding and 6 (11%) for other reasons. Of the patients with hysterectomy for chemotherapy resistance, 9 (64%) achieved remission. In the more recent cohort (n = 49) indications for hysterectomy included 24 (49%) for primary definitive management, 19 (39%) for drug-resistant disease, 4 (8%) for bleeding and 2 (4%) for other reasons. Of the patients with hysterectomy for chemotherapy resistance, 16 (84%) achieved remission. There was a statistically significant decline in the number of hysterectomies performed for bleeding. Hysterectomy was performed for bleeding in the early cohort (1959-1980) in 14 (29%) of 49 patients but in only 4 (8%) of 49 patients in the later cohort (1981-2009) (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: During the years 1959-2009 the number of hysterectomies performed for GTN at the NETDC has remained stable. However, at our center there has been a decline in the incidence of hysterectomy for life-threatening hemorrhage. Overall 83 (84.7%) patients with hysterectomy for GTN obtained remission. In patients who underwent hysterectomy to treat chemotherapy-resistant disease, 25 of 33 (75.8%) subsequently achieved complete remission. Hysterectomy continues to play an important role in the management of selected patients with GTN.
A Rat Liver Helix-Destabilizing Protein: Properties and Homology to LDH-5

Retrieval of chromosomal information must entail various conformational modulations of the DNA duplex. Such changes may result from direct actions of regulatory proteins on DNA itself and/or indirectly via modifications of DNA-associated proteins. Proteins that affect conformational alterations in DNA have been identified in prokaryotes and eukaryotes (reviewed in ref. 1), and these changes are important in gene activity (reviewed in ref. 2). For example, the base pairing mechanism underlying sequence fidelity, either for replication or for transcription of DNA, requires that hydrogen bonds holding the two complementary strands of the DNA duplex be destabilized for strand separation. Accordingly, for some time we have been investigating DNA-binding proteins that exhibit such activity in vitro. We describe here a single-stranded DNA-binding protein purified from rat liver with characteristic DNA helix-destabilizing activity, and present surprising evidence which indicates extensive structural and functional homology between this rat liver helix-destabilizing protein (HDP) and lactic dehydrogenase-5 (LDH-5) from various sources.
Constrained Bayesian Inference through Posterior Projections

In a broad variety of settings, prior information takes the form of parameter restrictions. Bayesian approaches are appealing in parameter constrained problems in allowing a probabilistic characterization of uncertainty in finite samples, while providing a computational machinery for incorporation of complex constraints in hierarchical models. However, the usual Bayesian strategy of directly placing a prior measure on the constrained space, and then conducting posterior computation with Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms is often intractable. An alternative is to initially conduct computation for an unconstrained or less constrained posterior, and then project draws from this initial posterior to the constrained space through a minimal distance mapping. This approach has been successful in monotone function estimation but has not been considered in broader settings. In this article, we develop a general theory to justify posterior projections in general spaces including for infinite-dimensional functional parameters. For tractability, we initially focus on the case in which the constrained parameter space corresponds to a closed, convex subset of the original space. A special class of non-convex sets called Stiefel manifolds is explored later in the paper. We provide a general formulation of the projected posterior and show that it corresponds to a valid posterior distribution on the constrained space for particular classes of priors and likelihood functions. We also show how asymptotic properties of the unconstrained posterior are transferred to the projected posterior. Posterior projections are then illustrated through multiple examples, both in simulation studies and real data applications.
Hypophagia induced by hindbrain serotonin is mediated through central GLP-1 signaling and involves 5-HT2C and 5-HT3 receptor activation

The overlap in neurobiological circuitry mediating the physiological and behavioral response to satiation and noxious/stressful stimuli are not well understood. The interaction between serotonin (5-HT) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) could play a role as upstream effectors involved in mediating associations between anorectic and noxious/stressful stimuli. We hypothesize that 5-HT acts as an endogenous modulator of the central GLP-1 system to mediate satiation and malaise in rats. Here, we investigate whether interactions between central 5-HT and GLP-1 signaling are behaviorally and physiologically relevant for the control of food intake and pica (i.e., behavioral measure of malaise). Results show that the anorexia and body weight changes induced by administration of exogenous hindbrain 5-HT are dependent on central GLP-1 receptor signaling. Furthermore, anatomical evidence shows mRNA expression of 5-HT2C and 5-HT3 receptors on GLP-1-producing preproglucagon (PPG) neurons in the medial nucleus tractus solitarius by fluorescent in situ hybridization, suggesting that PPG neurons are likely to express both of these receptors. Behaviorally, the hypophagia induced by the pharmacological activation of both of these receptors is also dependent on GLP-1 signaling. Finally, 5-HT3, but not 5-HT2C receptors, are required for the anorectic effects of the interoceptive stressor LiCl, suggesting the hypophagia induced by these 5-HT receptors may be driven by different mechanisms. Our findings highlight 5-HT as a novel endogenous modulator of the central GLP-1 system and suggest that the central interaction between 5-HT and GLP-1 is involved in the control of food intake in rats.
Health communications: provider assessment of asthma control.

AbstractObjective: The patient–provider partnership is important for effective asthma care and improved asthma control. Our descriptive study describes demographic differences associated with patie...
Internal auditing and the Dodd‐Frank act

The possible effect of the Dodd-Frank Act on internal auditing and corporate culture has been the subject of wide speculation by experts. But the author of this article cautions that what it is feared to do at some point—and what it actually has done to date—are broadly different. Is it likely to rehabilitate corporate cultures from the inside out? Will it be effective? The author, an expert in forensic accounting, weighs in with his opinion. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Amount and Characteristics of Speaking and Singing Voice Use in Vocally Healthy Female College Student Singers During a Typical Week.

Summary Objectives Singers, college students, and females are groups known to be at an elevated risk of developing functional/hyperfunctional voice disorders; therefore, female college students majoring in vocal performance may be at an even higher risk. To mitigate this risk, it would be helpful to know the “safe limits” for voice use that would help maintain vocal health in this vulnerable group, but there is a paucity of high-quality objective information upon which to base such limits. This study employed weeklong ambulatory voice monitoring in a large group of vocally healthy female college student singers to begin providing the types of objective data that could be used to help develop improved vocal health guidelines. Methods Participants included 64 vocally healthy females currently enrolled in a vocal performance or similar program at a college or university. An ambulatory voice monitor recorded neck-surface acceleration throughout a typical week. A singing classifier was applied to the data to separate singing from speech. Weeklong vocal dose measures and distributional characteristics for standard voice measures were computed separately for singing and speech, and for both types of phonation combined. Results Participants spent 6.2% of the total monitoring time speaking and 2.1% singing (with total phonation time being 8.4%). Singing had a higher fo mode, more pitch variability, higher average sound pressure level (SPL), negatively skewed SPL distributions, lower average CPP, and higher H1-H2 values than speaking. Conclusions These results provide a basis for beginning to establish vocal health guidelines for female students enrolled in college-level vocal performance programs and for future studies of the types of voice disorders that are common in this group. Results also demonstrate the potential value that ambulatory voice monitoring may have in helping to objectively identify vocal behaviors that could contribute to voice problems in this population.
Aristotle on Tyranny in the Politics

Aristotle on tyranny in the Politics. Very strong definitions of democracy, oligarchy, and monarchy, the three forms of government. Observations on tyrannical regimes. Pisistratus was called a tyrant, but was not.
A Review of Normal Intestinal Healing, Intestinal Anastomosis, and the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Intestinal Dehiscence in Foreign Body Obstructions in Dogs

Small intestinal anastomoses are commonly performed in veterinary medicine following resection of diseased or devitalized intestinal tissue. Traditionally, suture has been employed to anastomose intestinal ends. However, use of intestinal staplers has become increasingly popular due to the ability to produce a rapid anastomosis with purported superior healing properties. Under normal conditions, intestinal healing occurs in three phases: inflammatory, proliferative, and maturation. Dehiscence, a devastating consequence of intestinal anastomosis surgery, most often occurs during the inflammatory phase of healing where the biomechanical strength of the anastomosis is almost entirely dependent on the anastomotic technique (suture or staple line). The resulting septic peritonitis is associated with a staggering morbidity rate upwards of 85% secondary to the severe systemic aberrations and financial burden induced by septic peritonitis and requirement of a second surgery, respectively. Intraoperative and postoperative consideration of the multifactorial nature of dehiscence is required for successful patient management to mitigate recurrence. Moreover, intensive postoperative critical care management is necessitated and includes antibiotic and fluid therapy, vasopressor or colloidal support, and monitoring of the patient's fluid balance and cardiovascular status. An understanding of anastomotic techniques and their relation to intestinal healing will facilitate intraoperative decision-making and may minimize the occurrence of postoperative dehiscence.
Development of In-Office Laryngeal Nerve Conduction Studies: Computed Tomography and Cadaveric Study.

Objectives/hypothesis In-office recurrent laryngeal nerve conduction studies (NCSs) are a technique that can potentially provide information about laryngeal innervation. NCS is essential in the management of other neuropathies including carpal tunnel syndrome and spinal cord injury. We hypothesize that laryngeal NCS may have similar utility in managing patients with vocal fold paralysis, atrophy, and neurodegenerative disease. NCSs are technically challenging because they require transcervical stimulation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). This study combines radiographic data with cadaveric dissection to describe the anatomic parameters for optimal RLN stimulation. Study design Radiographic and Cadaveric Study. Methods Fifty computed tomography scans were reviewed to determine the dimensions for ideal needle electrode placement. These values were compared to measurements from 12 fresh human cadaveric neck dissections. Ultrasound imaging was utilized in select cases. The neck was dissected to assess the accuracy of electrode placement. Results Radiographically, the mean transcervical depth to the RLN was 33.2 mm ± 8.3 mm in males versus 29.4 mm ± 9.4 mm in females. The working space between the lateral trachea and carotid artery was 15.3 mm ± 3.6 mm on the right and 14.1 mm ± 2.9 mm on the left. After placement of stimulating electrodes into the cadaveric neck, the electrode tips were consistently within 8 mm of the RLN. Ultrasound guidance improved placement accuracy of the stimulating electrode. Conclusions Laryngeal NCSs can provide detailed and objective information about laryngeal innervation that could dramatically improve the management of various neuropathies. In-office NCSs require technical precision, and this study describes anatomic factors that may affect the feasibility of performing this technique. Level of evidence NA Laryngoscope, 131:1566-1569, 2021.
Effect of acclimation temperature and substrate type on selected temperature, movement and activity of juvenile spiny softshell turtles (Apalone spinifera) in an aquatic thermal gradient.

In some turtle species, temperature selection may be influenced by environmental conditions, including acclimation temperature and substrate quality. These factors may be particularly important for softshell turtles that are highly aquatic and often thermoregulate by burying in the substrate in shallow water microhabitats. We tested for effects of acclimation temperature (22 °C or 27 °C) and substrate type (sand or gravel) on the selected temperature and movement patterns of 20 juvenile spiny softhshell turtles (Apalone spinifera; Reptilia: Trionychidae) in an aquatic thermal gradient of 14-34 °C. Among 7-11 month old juvenile softshell turtles, acclimation temperature and substrate type did not influence temperature selection, nor alter activity and movement patterns. During thermal gradient tests, both 22- and 27 °C-acclimated turtles selected the warmest temperature (34 °C) available most frequently, regardless of substrate type (sand or gravel). Similarly, acclimation temperature and substrate type did not influence movement patterns of turtles, nor the number of chambers used in the gradient tests. These results suggest that juvenile Apalone spinifera are capable of detecting small temperature increments and prefer warm temperatures that may positively influence growth and metabolism, and that thermal factors more significantly influence aquatic thermoregulation in this species than does substrate type.
Testing Latent Variable Distribution Fit in IRT Using Posterior Residuals

This research proposes a new statistic for testing latent variable distribution fit for unidimensional item response theory (IRT) models. If the typical assumption of normality is violated, then it...
Quantum Monte Carlo benchmarking of large noncovalent complexes in the L7 benchmark set

We have used diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) to perform calculations on the L7 benchmark set. DMC is a stochastic numerical integration scheme in real-space and part of a larger set of quantum Monte Carlo methods. The L7 set was designed to test the ability of electronic structure methods to include dispersive interactions. While the agreement between DMC and quantum-chemical state-of-the-art methods is excellent for some of the structures, there are significant differences in others. In contrast to wavefunction-based quantum chemical methods, DMC is a first-principle many-body method with the many-body wavefunction evolving in real space. It includes explicitly all electron-electron interactions and is relatively insensitive to the size of the basis set.
The role of forests in the carbon cycle and in climate change

Abstract Globally, terrestrial ecosystems are responsible for taking up approximately 25% of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions. Forests are a major contributor to global carbon uptake and storage and are largely responsible for the consistency of the global carbon sink; with semiarid ecosystem response to precipitation and temperature accounting for the interannual variability in carbon uptake. Forest carbon source–sink dynamics and the total amount of carbon stored vary regionally and are heavily influenced by human land-use, human-caused climate change, and disturbance. The relative influence of these drivers and the effects of their interaction vary geographically. The success of the strategies that we employ to leverage forest-based climate mitigation will be dependent upon a thorough understanding of local ecological, social, and climate contexts.
The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals and Jail-Based Competency Evaluation and Restoration.

The U.S. Ninth Circuit is the largest of the federal appeals courts, encompassing the states of Alaska, Washington, and Oregon to the north, Hawaii, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands to the west, California and Arizona to the west and southwest, along with the three intermountain states of Idaho, Montana, and Nevada. The landmass within the Ninth Circuit represents great diversity of geography, climate, population density, and cultural and political traditions. This article considers two landmark Ninth Circuit decisions, one from Oregon and the other from Washington, two states that share geography, culture, and political orientation. Informed by these decisions, we consider how the Ninth Circuit might view the jail-based competency evaluation and restoration programs in the state of Arizona. We explore: the due process rights of jail detainees who are awaiting an evaluation of trial competency; and the time necessary for admission to, and the adequacy of, Arizona’s jail-based competency restoration programs after a finding of incompetency.
Reagent-free Raman and quantitative phase imaging offer a unique morpho-molecular platform for recognition of malignancy and stages of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is one of the most common malignancies which account for nearly one-third of all pediatric cancers. The current diagnostic assays are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and require expensive reagents. Here, we report a label-free approach featuring diffraction phase imaging and Raman microscopy that can retrieve both morphological and molecular attributes for label-free optical phenotyping of individual B cells. By investigating leukemia cell lines of early and late stages along with the healthy B cells, we show that phase image can capture subtle morphological differences among the healthy, early, and late stages of leukemic cells. By exploiting its biomolecular specificity, we demonstrate that Raman microscopy is capable of accurately identifying not only different stages of leukemia cells, but also individual cell lines at each stage. Overall, our study provides a rationale for employing this hybrid modality to screen leukemia cells using the widefield QPI and using Raman microscopy for accurate differentiation of early and late-stage phenotypes. This contrast-free and rapid diagnostic tool exhibits great promise for clinical diagnosis and staging of leukemia in the near future.
معايير التقييم الاقتصادي لمشروع انتاج البيض ببلدية البيضاء في ليبيا

يعتبر إنتاج الدواجن في ليبيا مصدرا للحوم الدجاج والبيض، وتعد من المصادر الرئيسية لتوفير البروتين الحيواني والسعرات الحرارية في ليبيا، بالاضافة لمنتجات ثانوية کإنتاج الأسمدة التي تستخدم في زيادة خصوبة التربة من اجل زيادة انتاجية المحاصيل والخضروات. وتهدف الدراسة الى إجرء التقييم الاقتصادي لمشروع انتاج البيض ببلدية البيضاء وحساب مجموعة من المؤشرات الاقتصادية لدراسة الجدوى الإقتصادية لمعرفة صلاحية المشروع وامکانية التوسع في اقامة مثل هذ المشروعات مستقبلا. وتبين من الدراسة أن حجم العرض من إنتاج البيض في بلدية البيضاء قليل لوجود مزارع واحد ينتج البيض بنسبة لا تکاد تذکر بالنسبة لحجم الطلب المتزايد على البيض، وتبين أن کل من تکاليف العلف والکتاکيت يمثلان أکثر من 80% من جملة تکاليف الإنتاج المتغيرة عند مربي الدجاج البياض بالبلدية. وأن أهم بنود التکاليف الثابتة تتمثل في العناب، ومولد الکهرباء، ومخازن الأعلاف حيث تمثل حوالي 82,6 % من إجمالي التکاليف الثابتة، وتبين أيضا أن هناک إيراد مجزي من بيع الدجاج البياض بعد نهاية فترة إنتاجه للبيض کدجاج لحم، وهو يغطي حوالي 23 % من إجمالي الإيرادات کمنتج ثانوي ، بينما حوالي 77 % من باقي الإيرادات ناجم عن بيع أو تسويق البيض المنتج الرئيسي ،وتشير جميع المعايير الإقتصادية المستخدمة أن هذه الصناعة (إنتاج البيض) هي مجدية جدا وفترة الاسترداد قصيرة عن باقي مشاريع الإنتاج الحيواني الأخرى حيث بلغت نحو 1,23 سنه. کما يشير معيار القيمة المضافة إلى جدوى المشروع، حيث يحقق إستحدام عناصر الانتاج اضافة قدرها 1760983,2 دينار کما بلغ مقياس الربحية النسبية نحو56,4%وهو يعکس الکفاءة الاقتصادية للمشروع في حين بلغ العائد على الدينار المستثمر نحو0,33 مما يعني أن العوائد أکبر من التکاليف الکلية أي، أن المشروع أکبر ربحية وتشير نسبة المنافع إلى التکاليف الىربحية المشروع حيث بلغت، نحو 1,3.
Outcomes of a telemedicine bowel management program during COVID-19.

Abstract Purpose Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we transitioned from an in-person bowel management program (BMP) to a telemedicine BMP. The telemedicine BMP consisted of video and/or phone call visits (remote) or a single initial in-person visit followed by remote visits (hybrid). We hypothesized that patient/family satisfaction of a telemedicine BMP would be comparable to an in-person BMP and that there would be improvement in quality of life and functional outcomes after the telemedicine BMP. Methods After IRB approval, demographic and outcomes data were obtained for patients who underwent the telemedicine BMP from May-October 2020. Outcomes included a parent/patient satisfaction survey, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), and parent/patient-reported outcome measures (Vancouver, Baylor, and Cleveland scores) at baseline, 1 and 3 month follow-up. Variables were compared using Chi-square or Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney tests and a generalized mixed model was used to evaluate outcomes scores at follow-up compared to baseline. Results Sixty-seven patients were included in our analysis with an average age of 8.6 years (SD: 3.9). Patients had the following diagnoses anorectal malformation (52.2%), Hirschsprung's disease (20.9%), functional constipation (19.4%), myelomeningocele (6.0%), and spinal injury (1.5%). Forty-eight patients (72%) underwent the remote BMP and 19 (28%) underwent the hybrid BMP. Sixty-two percent of parents completed the satisfaction survey, with a median score of 5 (very satisfied) for all questions. Over 75% of parents said they would prefer a telemedicine program over an in-person program. There was significant improvement in the Baylor and Vancouver scores after the BMP (p 0.05). There was a significant improvement in stool continence after the BMP (p Conclusion A telemedicine BMP can be an acceptable alternative to a traditional in-person program. There was high parental/patient satisfaction and significant improvement in outcomes. Further research is needed to assess long-term outcomes. Level of evidence III
Landscape evolution under the southern Laurentide Ice Sheet.

Subglacial landscapes, revealed in regions of recent ice-sheet retreat, provide a window into ice-sheet dynamics and interactions with evolving subglacial topography. Here, we document landscape ev...
The antimatter gravitational field

By using the gravity equation for quantum mechanical systems that takes into account the non - local interaction, the paper derives the characteristics of the antimatter in limit of macroscopic classical gravity. The output of the theory shows that: i. The antimatter has an attractive Newtonian potential; ii. The antimatter attractive gravity is compatible with the CPT symmetry
Unifying themes in empirical and explanation-based learning

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses induction and explanation-based learning. A central activity of science is the search for unifying principles that account for apparently diverse phenomena within a single framework. However, recent work in machine learning has tended to emphasize the differences between learning methods. Significant differences certainly exist between explanation-based and empirical methods, but the perceived chasm is far greater than the actual one. This perception has resulted partly from a literature that abounds with rhetorical statements claiming superiority of one method over another. Other causes for the perceived distinction include divergent notations and different measures of performance, which hide the underlying similarity of mechanisms and tasks.
PAR, a putative chromosomal passenger protein involved in cell cycle

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006 4910 Recently we reported the isolation of a novel gene called PAR, which has been shown to be involved in proliferation of normal and tumor cells. The gene is ubiquitously expressed in normal cells and is overexpressed in most of their malignant counterparts. The ectopic overexpression of PAR induced malignant phenotype in NIH3T3 cells. Here we present our data on the role of this gene in cell cycle. The PAR level of expression during the cell cycle was studied using Western blots and flow cytometry. In DU145 cells synchronized by double thymidine incorporation in G1/S phase PAR level was low in G1/S phase, increased as the cells progressed through S phase, reached the maximum in G2/M phase and returned to low levels when the cells re entered the G1 phase. The presence of 2 D box sequences at the amino and carboxy terminus of PAR molecule suggests a role for ubiquitination/ proteasome degradation at the end of the mitosis. The localization of PAR protein during mitosis was studied by immunofluorescence using and antiPAR antibody. In prophase and metaphase PAR protein is localized in the centrosome and in the spindle poles. Then, in anaphase PAR translocates to the spindle midzone. At late ana/telophase and cytokinesis PAR accumulates in the midbody. During mitosis, a fraction of PAR protein is distributed around the cell periphery. In addition, after the onset of anaphase a portion of PAR is closely associated with the cell membrane, at the cleavage furrow. This localization during cell cycle suggests that PAR might be related with chromosomal passenger proteins (CPP). This is also supported by confocal microscopy studies showing that PAR co-localizes with Aurora at centrosomes and with Survivin at the midbody. Furthermore, immunoprecipitation with anti PAR Ab indicated that PAR forms complexes with Aurora and Survivin. PAR, like the other CPP, could be involved in various aspects of the cell cycle, including centrosomes segregation, spindle formation, and cytokinesis, which could become aberrant when PAR expression changes. Transfection of DU145 cells with PAR antisense oligonucleotides resulted in defects at multiple stages of the cell cycle: increased polyploidy, cells with multipolar spindles and aberrant mitosis. Further work is pursued in our laboratory to expand these findings and to get more information about the function and mechanism of PAR action. Evaluating the amplification and expression of PAR in a range of human tumors will further define its contribution to tumor development. If these studies will confirm our previous findings on PAR over expression in tumors, this protein could be used as a new marker for malignant cell phenotype. In addition, PAR could become a potential target for the treatment of different cancers.
Stent-assisted embolization of 100 middle cerebral artery aneurysms.

Object The introduction of intracranial stents to aneurysm treatment allows endovascular repair of nearly all aneurysms, but the safety and durability of stent-assisted embolization of middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms is unclear. Methods Ninety-one patients with 100 complex MCA aneurysms not amenable to simple coiling were treated with stent-assisted embolization as a first option. Technical and clinical results, initial follow-up imaging, and long-term annual MR angiography (MRA) were reviewed. Results Intracranial stents were successfully deployed in all 100 aneurysms. There was 1 case of significant neurological morbidity (1%) and 1 case of death (1%) related to treatment. Initial posttreatment angiography revealed complete occlusion of 48 aneurysms (48%), a residual neck in 21 (21%), and residual aneurysm filling in 31 (31%). Follow-up imaging performed in 85 (90.4%) of a possible 94 aneurysms showed complete occlusion of 77 aneurysms (90.6%), residual neck in 3 (3.5%), and residual filling in 5...
Stress impairs decision-making in rats

Stress influences various types of memory, but its effects on other cognitive functions are relatively unknown. We investigated the effects of uncontrollable stress on subsequent decision-making in rats, using a computer vision-based water foraging choice task. Stress impaired the animals' ability to bias their responses toward the larger reward when transitioning from equal to unequal quantities, and this stress effect was dependent on the amygdala.
The Theoretical Conceptual Framework for Corporate Performance Improvement with ERP Implementation

ERP system implementation is how to improve corporate performance? In the existing research literature and in practice, the accumulation did not answer this question, but more concerned about how the successful implementation of ERP systems and ERP systems lead to some of the negative issues. At present, all of the ERP system is a prerequisite for the implementation of the study: ERP systems can improve business performance. However, few people questioned this premise, or to explain the authenticity of this proposition. In this paper, a concept theory framework on corporate performance improvement with ERP implementation was developed based on strategic theory. Through this concept theory framework, the paper presents the logic reasoning process of the question how ERP implementation improves corporate performance. The results even could help to understand the black box of ERP system to enhance the corporate performance. The paper contributes to the ERP research litterateurs.
Association of shoulder sonographic findings with subsequent surgical treatment for rotator cuff injury.

Objective. To identify any clinical and radiologic findings of rotator cuff injury that predict whether patients will undergo shoulder surgery. Methods. We retrospectively studied all shoulder sonograms obtained at a single institution over 12 months. Possible predictors of surgical treatment were documented, including patient age and sex, duration and types of symptoms, and the location and severity of tendon damage on sonography. One hundred twenty-eight patients underwent shoulder sonography; 34 patients eventually underwent shoulder surgery. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify clinical and sonographic factors associated with the use of surgical therapy. Results. The only statistically significant predictor of surgical intervention was the finding of full-thickness tears (with or without tendon retraction) on sonography (P = .03). Patients with full-thickness tears were 4.3 times more likely to undergo surgery than those with no tears (odds ratio, 4.3). Conclusions. The sonographic diagnosis of full-thickness rotator cuff tears is the only finding statistically associated with the use of surgical treatment. No single clinical variable was consistently associated with subsequent surgery. Partial-thickness tears on sonography also do not show any statistical association with the eventual use of surgery for rotator cuff symptoms.
Testing Parsons: Evidence from an Organizational Subunit and Implications for Structural Functional Theorizing*

Talcott Parsons’ ideas are shown to have operational meaning when applied to organizations in two respects. (1) Parsons’ typology of system needs provides a meaningful way of categorizing administrative rules (protocols) developed by the subunit under study, and (2) “phase dominance,” anticipated by structural functionalists, is tested. Our analysis adds to Parsons’ framework (a) by helping to clarify the distinctive (and generally unappreciated) role that can be played by ground-level administrative units in the process of adaptive change within large and complex organizations, and (b) by informing our understanding of organizational alignment with external societal forces.
Basil and apokatastasis : new findings : research article

Unlike his brother Gregory of Nyssa, Basil of Caesarea is not regarded as a supporter of the Origenian doctrine of apokatastasis or universal restoration. However, I have suggested elsewhere that Basil too had a penchant for this doctrine, even though he did not preach it overtly. Now I have found further indirect but substantial evidence, which strongly confirms my previous suggestion and which I am going to analyse here. It is important to assess this remarkable issue on the basis of all the elements that are at our disposal.
Education Accountability as a Presidential Priority: No Child Left Behind and the Bush Presidency

In his visit to a North Carolina school that had shown significant improvement in October 2006, President George W. Bush proclaimed that the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) was a success. "The gap is closing," said the President, "How do we know? Because we're measuring." (Fletcher and Baker 2006). The President's remarks referred to two key features of the federal legislation. First, states are required to test students annually in grades three through eight in reading and mathematics. Second, schools, districts, and states are required to report student achievement by racial, income, and other special needs subgroups, when their enrollment meets a certain state-determined threshold. In his response to reporters' questions three weeks prior to the midterm election, President Bush underscored that the reauthorization of NCLB is "a top priority of mine." He went further to say that, "And it's not only just the reauthorization, it's the strengthening of the bill and not the weakening of the bill." (Fletcher and Baker 2006). Bush's personal commitment to NCLB is indicative of the law's institutional importance. Indeed, NCLB provides the basis for assessing the federal role in education.
How have college decisions changed over time? An application of the conditional logistic choice model

This paper examines how individuals from 1972, 1982, and 1992 chose whether and where to attend college by estimating the importance of postsecondary costs and quality. Using the conditional logistic choice model to exploit extensive match-specific information between individuals and colleges and include the thousands of alternatives available to prospective students, the paper is able to approximate an individual's college outlook as never before. The results suggest that although tuition price was an important determinant of attendance for the class of 1972, college costs do not explain differences in enrollment for the class of 1992. However, price is still found to be an important factor when individuals choose between colleges, particularly among low-income students. Additionally, college quality has become a more important factor in college decisions.
Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Abstract The authors define and review the important clinical manifestations of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations. Particular emphasis is placed on the multiple techniques used by interventional radiologists to treat and ablate these potentially life threatening vascular malformations. It is hoped this short review will raise awareness of a relatively rare condition as well as prepare radiologists and ancillary staff on how to prevent and treat procedure-related complications.
Deuterium isotope effects in the oxidation of alcohols in vitro and in vivo.

Abstract The oxidation of ethanol and isopropanol by liver alcohol dehydrogenase was studied in vitro and in vivo . Oxidation of ethanol by horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase was carried out in the presence of lactaldehyde and other aldehydes which reoxidized enzyme-bound NADH. Under these conditions the oxidation of ethanol was accelerated 7 to 22-fold, depending on the nature of the aldehyde. (An acceleration of ethanol oxidation by lactaldehyde was previously reported by Gupta and Robinson [(1966) Biochim, Biophys. Acta 118 , 431] . In the presence of lactaldehyde ping-pong kinetics were observed and a deuterium isotope effect on V of 4.2 was seen. In the absence of acceptor aldehyde no, or small, isotope effects (Baker, R. H. (1962) Biochemistry 1 , 41) are observed. Therefore, when dissociation of NADH is no longer rate limiting the hydrogen transfer step becomes largely rate determining. Oxidation of isopropanol shows an isotope effect on V of 2.5 in the absence of acceptor aldehyde. With mouse liver alcohol dehydrogenase results similar to those obtained with the horse liver enzyme were obtained. When ethanol metabolism was examined in vivo , in mice by measuring blood alcohol levels, no isotope effect was observed with ethanol-1-d 2 . On the other hand, an isotope effect of 2.0 was observed when the metabolism of isopropanol and isopropanol-2-d 1 were compared. This isotope effect is very close to that observed in vitro with the mouse liver enzyme. The relative rate of metabolism of ethanol and isopropanol in vivo was similar to that observed in vitro with the mouse liver enzyme (ethanol:isopropanol, 2.1 in vivo :2.2 in vitro ). It was concluded that in the metabolism of ethanol and isopropanol, alcohol dehydrogenase is partially rate determining. Administration to mice of lactaldehyde, as well as other aldehydes, ketones, or fructose, simultaneously with ethanol produced no increase in the rate of ethanol metabolism.