cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Ligand-Mediated Assembly and Real-Time Cellular Dynamics of Estrogen Receptor α-Coactivator Complexes in Living Cells

Studies with live cells demonstrate that agonist and antagonist rapidly (within minutes) modulate the subnuclear dynamics of estrogen receptor alpha (ER) and steroid receptor coactivator 1 (SRC-1). A functional cyan fluorescent protein (CFP)-tagged lac repressor-ER chimera (CFP-LacER) was used in live cells to discretely immobilize ER on stably integrated lac operator arrays to study recruitment of yellow fluorescent protein (YFP)-steroid receptor coactivators (YFP-SRC-1 and YFP-CREB binding protein [CBP]). In the absence of ligand, YFP-SRC-1 is found dispersed throughout the nucleoplasm, with a surprisingly high accumulation on the CFP-LacER arrays. Agonist addition results in the rapid (within minutes) recruitment of nucleoplasmic YFP-SRC-1, while antagonist additions diminish YFP-SRC-1-CFP-LacER associations. Less ligand-independent colocalization is observed with CFP-LacER and YFP-CBP, but agonist-induced recruitment occurs within minutes. The agonist-induced recruitment of coactivators requires helix 12 and critical residues in the ER-SRC-1 interaction surface, but not the F, AF-1, or DNA binding domains. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching indicates that YFP-SRC-1, YFP-CBP, and CFP-LacER complexes undergo rapid (within seconds) molecular exchange even in the presence of an agonist. Taken together, these data suggest a dynamic view of receptor-coregulator interactions that is now amenable to real-time study in living cells.
The Early History of the Astrolabe

Few astronomical instruments have enjoyed as much popularity as the astrolabe. Even today the artistic qualities of many Persian and Arabic astrolabes have given these instruments a place in museums and private collections. Beautifully illustrated articles and books on the astrolabe have been published but this material hardly goes back beyond the 10th century. About the earlier history, very contradictory statements can be found in the literature. While classical scholars tend to trace the idea of the astrolabe back to Apollonius and Archimedes (about 200 B.C.) or even to Eudoxus (about 350 B.C.), one finds in a recent book1 the statement, “En resume, l’astrolabe est mediterraneen. Son histoire va du VIe au XVIIe siecle de notre ere.”
Financing graduate medical education and biomedical research: Whose responsibility?

In the United States, biomedical research and graduate medical education are particularly vulnerable in the current era of prospective payment and price competition. Traditionally these services have been financed through the cross-subsidization of patient care dollars, and this practice cannot continue in the current economic environment. This paper reviews the various options for financing these services and makes several specific recommendations.
A security architecture and mechanism for data confidentiality in TCP/IP protocols

A method of providing data confidentiality service for secure data communication between two end users through Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) protocols is presented. The system call functions of the socket compatibility interface and transport level interface libraries are used for connection establishment, data transfer, and connection release between two TCP/IP end users. A new security architecture consisting of interactive application program, client/server, and security service modules as well as the corresponding security mechanism to provide data confidentiality service is presented. >
Auditory Perceptual Skills and Reading: A Rejoinder to Gersten and Carnine about What Kavale Did:

In the January/February 1984 issue of Remedial and Special Education, Gersten and Carnine offered a response to Kavale's (1981) meta-analysis assessing the relationship between auditory perceptual skills and reading. The present rejoinder demonstrates that the data were neither misinterpreted nor overinterpreted, and that Gersten and Carnine failed to portray accurately the primary purpose of the meta-analysis, which was to assess the usefulness of auditory perceptual variables in predicting reading ability. It is concluded here that no convincing contrary evidence was provided and that the earlier findings suggesting auditory perceptual skills to be important correlates of reading achievement remain valid.
A method for true coordinate three-dimensional measurement of casts using a measuring microscope

Exact 3-dimensional measurements are more useful for researchers and clinicians than are relative distance measurements. Through the use of a measuring microscope and a personal computer, the technique presented in this article provides meaningful and accurate (0.005 mm) 3-dimensional measurements of casts in true coordinates (x, y, z). By fabricating the master cast with reference landmarks, leveling the casts before measurement, removing the cast between repeat measures, and mathematically rotating the data points, this technique places all the landmarks in a standardized reference plane that allows for the comparison of dimensional changes between different casts.
SPLAT: Innovative Collaboration in Idaho's Libraries

Libraries face shrinking budgets, increased use, and user demand for trendy resources. This makes it difficult for librarians to find the time to keep current with innovative library trends, such as technological tools and social media developments. The Special Projects Library Action Team (SPLAT) offers a new model for enhancing library services. SPLAT is a group supported by the Idaho Commission for Libraries (ICFL), the state agency responsible for assisting libraries. The members of SPLAT are innovation representatives who search and experiment with social media trends and online tools, and share the best ways to integrate them into services at all types of libraries. SPLAT members have developed SPLAT 101, an online class geared towards teaching library staff new Web technologies. Members also present about trends at conferences, blog relevant content, and engage in peer-to-peer education--all meant to demystify and exploit emergent technologies. These efforts have yielded enhanced library services, encouraged changes to policies, and increased positive user experiences. In this article we summarize how SPLAT works, explain how SPLAT has helped Idaho's libraries experiment with evolving services, analyze the success of SPLAT as a model for other states, and discuss future steps.
Mash-IF: Practical information-flow control within client-side mashups

Mashup is a representative of Web 2.0 technology that needs both convenience of cross-domain access and protection against the security risks it brings in. Solutions proposed by prior research focused on mediating access to the data in different domains, but little has been done to control the use of the data after the access. In this paper, we present Mash-IF, a new technique for information-flow control within mashups. Our approach allows cross-domain communications within a browser, but disallows disclosure of sensitive information to remote parties without the user's permission. It mediates the cross-domain channels in existing mashups and works on the client without collaborations from other parties. Also of particular interest is a novel technique that automatically generates declassification rules for a script by statically analyzing its code. Such rules can be efficiently enforced through monitoring the script's call sequences and DOM operations.
Evolutionary game theory and multiple chemical sensitivity

Newlin's [Newlin D.B. Evolutionary game theory of tolerance and sensitization in substance abuse. Paper presented to the Research Society on Alcoholism, Hilton Head, SC, 1998] evolutionary game the...
The Legal Failure to Prevent Subclinical Developmental Toxicity

Legal systems appear to function poorly to identify and prevent subclinical developmental toxic effects in children that can lead to long-term harm. In the USA, the vast majority of substances enter commerce without any legally required testing (under so-called 'post-market' laws). In 1984, less than 20% of all substances had been subject to pre-market testing and there has been little change since. Once substances are suspected of contributing to harm, an administration agency has the burden to show risks or harms and their causes, an increasingly difficult demonstration. Post-market laws tend to produce no data prior to exposures and any protections result after some harm may have occurred. Pre-market screening laws such as the US Toxic Substances Control Act provide little data or protection. Pre-market testing and approval laws, analogous to US drug and pesticide laws, offer better approaches for identifying and eliminating toxicants before they result in harm, but do not apply to many products and rarely include concerns for developmental toxicity. The Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals legislation in the European Union has greater promise for the identification of new or existing toxicants. However, the potential for serious, subtle subclinical developmental effects provides reasons to pursue a more precautionary approach to identifying potential toxicants and forestalling harms. This paper sketches a more robust precautionary law and a more substantial departure from existing laws that would treat chemical invasions as trespasses. The scientific community can assist legal efforts by credibly publicizing the seriousness of subclinical developmental effects.
Autopsy-proven Huntington's disease with 29 trinucleotide repeats

Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with expansion of CAG trinucleotide repeats in the huntingtin gene. A minimum of 36 CAG repeats is usually reported in patients with clinical features of HD; 30 to 35 repeats represent an intermediate range. Here we report a 65-year-old male with autopsy-proven HD and 29 CAG repeats.
Movements of Translocated and Resident Three-toed Box Turtles

Abstract Translocation of terrestrial turtles occurs to mitigate habitat loss, increase population size or genetic diversity, and to establish new populations. The success of many translocation efforts often depends on social and economic factors, but ecological factors may also affect translocation success. We used radiotelemetry to evaluate Three-Toed Box Turtle (Terrapene carolina triunguis) movements before and after translocation from a continuously forested site to a highly fragmented site and made comparisons to resident turtles. The average distance moved between consecutive 28-h relocations (dist_move) pretranslocation versus posttranslocation depended on turtle origin. Turtles translocated from the continuously forested site had greater mean dist_move following translocation, whereas resident turtles at the fragmented site had similar dist_move in both periods. Translocated turtles traveled greater total distances, had greater net displacement, and greater home-range size than resident turtles. ...
Outage and Diversity-Multiplexing Trade-Off Analysis of Closed and Open-Access Femtocells

Femtocells promise to increase the number of users served in a given macrocell by creating indoor hotspots connected to the mobile operator network via cheap backhaul links (i.e., the Internet). However, the interference created by the femtocell transmissions may critically impair the performance of the macrocell users. This effect can be potentially alleviated via so called open-access home base stations. In this paper, the transmission reliability of macro (outdoor) and femto (indoor) users is studied for a quasi-static fading channel in the presence of both open and closed-access home base stations, in terms of outage probability and diversity-multiplexing trade-off. Analytical results are derived that shed light on the impact of femtocells and the advantages of open-access home base stations in different regimes of channel power gains and transmission rates.
The Transformation of the Romanian Criminal Justice System

In 1989, Romanian freedom fighters liberated the nation from the yoke of an oppressive dictatorship. As a former communist state, Romania is charting a new course to expanding democracy and a market economy in Eastern Europe. This paper examines the current Romanian criminal justice system in the context of history, geography and government through an examination of the functions and legal framework controlling the three sub-systems (law enforcement, adjudication and corrections) and how youthful offenders are treated. The study finds a need to adopt more fully a systems perspective.
Functional genomics and NMR spectroscopy.

The recent success of the human genome project and the continued accomplishment in obtaining DNA se- quences for a vast array of organisms is providing an unprecedented wealth of information. Nevertheless, an abundance of the proteome contains hypothetical proteins or proteins of unknown function, where high throughput approaches for ge- nome-wide functional annotation (functional genomics) has evolved as the necessary next step. Nuclear magnetic reso- nance spectroscopy is playing an important role in functional genomics by providing information on the structure of pro- tein and protein-ligand complexes, from metabolite fingerprinting and profiling, from the analysis of the metabolome, and from ligand affinity screens to identify chemical probes.
Global Chromatin Structure of 45,000 Base Pairs of Chromosome III in a- and α-Cell Yeast and during Mating-Type Switching

Directionality of yeast mating-type switching has been attributed to differences in chromatin structure for the left arm of chromosome III. We have mapped the structure of approximately 45 kbp of the left arm of chromosome III in a and alpha cells in logarithmically growing cultures and in a cells during switching. Distinctive features of chromatin structure were the occurrence of DNase I-hypersensitive sites in the promoter region of nearly every gene and some replication origins and the presence of extended regions of positioned nucleosomes in approximately 25% of the open reading frames. Other than the recombination enhancer, chromatin structures were identical in the two cell types. Changes in chromatin structure during switching were confined to the recombination enhancer. This unbiased analysis of an extended region of chromatin reveals that significant features of organized chromatin exist for the entire region, and these features are largely static with respect to mating type and mating-type switching. Our analysis also shows that primary chromatin structure does not cause the documented differences in recombinational frequency of the left arm of chromosome III in yeast a and alpha cells.
The critical flow velocity for radiative extinction in opposed-flow flame spread in a microgravity environment: A comparison of experimental, computational, and theoretical results

Abstract The effect of opposing flow on flame spread rate over thin solid fuel is investigated with the help of scaling theory, a comprehensive computational model, and experiments conducted aboard the International Space Station. While spread rate over thin fuels is independent of the opposing flow velocity in the thermal regime, in the microgravity regime, where the opposing flow can be very mild or even completely absent in the absence of buoyancy induced flow, the spread rate is known to decrease as the opposed flow is reduced. Under certain conditions, this can lead to flame extinguishment at a low enough flow velocity. This paper combines scaling arguments with computational results to predict a critical flow velocity for such flame extinction. Results from the recently conducted limited number of space based tests, presented in this paper, seem to confirm the prediction validating the closed-form formula for the critical extinction velocity.
Transparency versus Tone: Public Communication with Limited Commitment

Communication of public information is an integral aspect of policy-making by central banks and governments. We study public communication by a policymaker who cannot fully commit to a disclosure policy. The policymaker chooses not only the transparency of its communication (i.e., the precision of the public signal), but also its tone (i.e., the mean of the signal). Without commitment, the policymaker faces a trade-off between being informative and being manipulative. We show that an informative equilibrium exists if and only if the policymaker’s incentives are perfectly aligned with those of the individuals. When there is a conflict of interest, the optimal communication is always completely uninformative. This is not because the public signal is imprecise, but because the policymaker’s tone is overly optimistic or pessimistic --- in equilibrium, the policymaker babbles precisely. We also show that tone is crucial to the effectiveness of policy interventions in the absence of commitment.
Heart rate characteristic index monitoring for bloodstream infection in an NICU: a 3-year experience

Background Bloodstream infection (BSI) among neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) infants is a frequent problem associated with poor outcomes. Monitoring for abnormal heart rate characteristics (HRCs) may decrease infant mortality by alerting clinicians to sepsis before it becomes clinically apparent. Methods HRC scores were acquired using the HRC (HeRO) monitor system from Medical Predictive Science Corporation and entered into the electronic medical record by bedside staff. We retrospectively analysed HRC scores recorded twice daily in the medical record during a 30-month period (1 January 2010 through 30 June 2012) for infants in the NICU at the Monroe Carell Jr. Children9s Hospital at Vanderbilt. We identified infants that met Centers for Disease Control criteria for late-onset BSI (>3 days of life) during the study period. Results During the study period, we recorded 127 673 HRC scores from 2384 infants. We identified 46 infants with BSI. Although 8% (9701/127 673) of the HRC scores were ≥2 and 1% (1387/127 673) were ≥5, BSI (at any time) was observed in just 5% of patients with HRC scores ≥2, and 9% of patients with HRC scores ≥5. Of infants with BSI, 5/46 (11%) had at least one HRC score ≥5 and 17/46 (37%) had at least one score ≥2 recorded in the 48 h period prior to the evaluation that resulted in the first positive blood culture of the episode. Conclusions In our single-centre retrospective study, elevated HRC scores had limited ability to detect BSI. BSI was infrequent at any time during hospitalisation in infants with significantly elevated HRC scores.
Learning sparse polynomial functions

We study the question of learning a sparse multivariate polynomial over the real domain. In particular, for some unknown polynomial f(x) of degree-d and k monomials, we show how to reconstruct f, within error e, given only a set of examples xi drawn uniformly from the n-dimensional cube (or an n-dimensional Gaussian distribution), together with evaluations f(xi) on them. The result holds even in the "noisy setting", where we have only values f(xi) + g where g is noise (say, modeled as a Gaussian random variable). The runtime of our algorithm is polynomial in n, k, 1/e and Cd where Cd depends only on d. Note that, in contrast, in the "boolean version" of this problem, where x is drawn from the hypercube, the problem is at least as hard as the "noisy parity problem," where we do not know how to break the nΩ(d) time barrier, even for k = 1, and some believe it may be impossible to do so.
Data Visualization Through Their Graph Representations

The amount of data and information collected and retained by organizations and businesses is constantly increasing, due to advances in data collection, computerization of transactions, and breakthroughs in storage technology. Further, many attributes are also recorded, resulting in very high-dimensional data sets. Typically, the applications involve large-scale information banks, such as data warehouses that contain interrelated data from a number of sources. Examples of new technologies giving rise to large, high-dimensional data sets are high-throughput genomic and proteomic technologies, sensor-based monitoring systems, etc. Finally, new application areas such as biochemical pathways, web documents, etc. produce data with inherent structure that cannot be simply captured by numbers.
On the instability of shear flows and their transition to turbulence

Over the past two decades there has been a growing interest in the field of hydrodynamic stability. To some extent this is due to the large variety of physical situations in which a discussion of stability is important to explain observed fluctuations in the system. The examples of sub and supersonic boundary layers, wakes and jets, the generation of surface waves by wind, thermal convection, rotating fluids, atmospheric wave motions, circulation of blood, and the stability of galactic structures are all areas of current interest. In these and other phenomena the use of stability considerations has in general met with considerable success in adding to our understanding of the physics of the situation. A comparison between theoretical and observational investigations is, to say the least, satisfactory and encouraging.
Theory Jeopardy: A Fun Interactive Approach to Teaching Theory

(2005). Theory Jeopardy: A Fun Interactive Approach to Teaching Theory. American Journal of Health Education: Vol. 36, No. 1, pp. 54-57.
Apparent free histidine plasma and urine values in rheumatoid arthritis treated with cortisone and ACTH.

Summary1. Five rheumatoid arthritics treated with Cortisone and 10 treated with ACTH show a striking increase in urinary excretion of apparent free histidine. This increase in histidine urinary excretion has to date occurred only in association with clinical remission.2. Plasma levels were not significantly altered during the average treatment period, but the maximum value reached during treatment showed a significant increase when compared with the highest control values.
Lot-Size Policies in 3-Stage Production-Distribution System Based on Performance Contrast

Aiming at the 3-stage production-distribution system composed of producers,regional distribution centers( RDC) and distributor,the RDC lot-sizing policy was studied. First,the great common divisor( GCD) was taken as an adapted time base to optimize the production- distribution system model, and then the stationary policy was obtained. Different scenes in productiondistribution process were discussed to obtain the multiple lot-sizing policies. The performance contrast standard was introduced to uncover the stationary lot-sizing model and the multiple lot-sizing model. The numerical experiments were conducted with the data from the Northeastern Chemical Sales Company of the Petro China. The results confirm the validity of the standard and the model.
Incidence of and Preoperative Risk Factors for Surgical Delay in Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty: Analysis From the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program.

Abstract Background Total joint arthroplasty is a proven treatment for osteoarthritis of the knee and hip that has failed conservative treatment. While most of total joint arthroplasty is considered elective with surgery on the day of admission, a small subset of patients may require delay in surgery past the day of admission. Recently, surgical delay for primary total knee arthroplasty has been identified. However, the incidence, outcomes, and risk factors for delay in surgery before total hip arthroplasty (THA) have not been previously defined. Questions/purpose In patients undergoing THA, we sought to define (1) the incidence of and risk factors for delay in surgery, (2) the postoperative complications between surgical delay and no surgical delay cohorts, and (3) association of the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) in patients with delay of surgery. Methods We retrospectively queried the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database using Current Procedural Terminology billing codes and identified 7890 THAs performed between 2006 and 2010. Univariate and subsequent multivariate logistic regression analysis were then used to identify risk factors for surgical delay. Correlation between CCI and surgical delay in THA was evaluated. Results One-hundred seventy-nine patients (2.31%) were identified as experiencing a surgical delay before THA. Multivariate analysis identified congestive heart failure (CHF) ( P = .0038), bleeding disorder ( P P P = .0001), dependent functional status ( P P = .0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists class 4 ( P = .0023), significant weight loss ( P = .0109), and hematocrit P P P P Conclusion Surgical delay in patients undergoing THA may cause undue disruption in surgeon and hospital resource utilization. In an era of quality assessment and cost consciousness, it is important to understand that the short-term outcomes of elective, same day THA differ dramatically from those hospitalized for medical necessity before surgery. Surgeons should consider thorough medical evaluation in those with CHF, bleeding disorders, sepsis, significant weight loss, and hematocrit
Advocating for language rights: Critical Latina bilingual teachers creating bilingual space in Arizona

ABSTRACTThis qualitative research study documented the way in which two Latina bilingual teachers advocated for the language rights of emergent bilinguals who attended and resided in two particular school districts in Arizona. Drawing from qualitative and ethnographic approaches, we collected data from teacher interviews, classroom/school observations, district meetings, and community convivios to examine the ways in which two teachers championed language rights in various contexts. We employed Ruiz’s (1984) language planning framework to document the way in which bilingual teachers advocated for the language rights of emergent bilingual students. This study demonstrates how Latina bilingual teachers utilized their cultural knowledge to successfully educate, advocate for, and uplift their bilingual students and cultural community within multiple, and oftentimes hostile, spaces. Findings from this study suggest that Latina teachers enact their own agency to create bilingual space for their students in ling...
Essential Role of Pro-Apoptotic Mechanisms for Production of Normal Erythrocytes and Prevention of Hemolysis.

Abstract Prevention of apoptosis is a well-recognized mechanism essential for productive early erythropoiesis and preventing anemia; however, the importance of pro-apoptotic processes for productive terminal erythropoiesis is not defined. Erythroid cells undergo enucleation and the removal of organelles during terminal differentiation. Although autophagy has been shown to mediate the elimination of organelles for erythroid maturation, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process remain unknown. Here we report a novel role for Bnip3L, a pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member, in the regulation of erythroid maturation through autophagy. Bnip3L−/− mice developed hemolytic anemia and expansion of erythroid precursors (Fig.1A). Moreover, erythrocytes in the peripheral blood of Bnip3L−/− mice exhibited mitochondrial retention associated with reduced lifespan (Fig. 1B). While the clearance of ribosomes proceeded normally in the absence of Bnip3L, the entry of mitochondria into autophagosomes was defective (Fig. 1C). Overexpression of Bnip3L led to the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). Further, disrupting Δ Ψ m with an uncoupling chemical restored the sequestration of mitochondria into autophagosomes in Bnip3L−/− erythrocytes (Fig. 1C). Our study indicates that Bnip3L-dependent loss of Δ Ψ m is important for targeting the mitochondria into autophagosomes for degradation during erythroid maturation, and interference with this function impairs terminal erythroid maturation and results in hemolysis. These data underlie the importance of pro-apoptotic mechanisms for productive terminal erythropoiesis through autophagy. Download : Download high-res image (79KB) Download : Download full-size image Figure
Answers to Practice Problems in Chap. 2, Preparation of Reagents and Buffers

(a) This problem can be solved by using Eq. (29.5): The molecular weight of NaH2PO4 is 120 g/mol. Make sure to use the same units throughout. Molecular weights are stated in mol/g; the unit of concentration is in mol/L; thus, the 500 mL should also be converted into L: $$ m\ \left[\mathrm{g}\right]=\kern0.5em M\ \left[\frac{\mathrm{mol}}{\mathrm{L}}\right] \times v\ \left[\mathrm{L}\right] \times \mathrm{MW}\ \left[\frac{\mathrm{g}}{\mathrm{mol}}\right] $$ m [ g ] = 0.1 [ mol L ] × 0.5 [ L ] × 120 [ g mol ] = 6 g Open image in new window
Protective effect of clusterin on rod photoreceptor in rat model of retinitis pigmentosa.

Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) begins with the death of rod photoreceptors and is slowly followed by a gradual loss of cones and a rearrangement of the remaining retinal neurons. Clusterin is a chaperone protein that protects cells and is involved in various pathophysiological stresses, including retinal degeneration. Using a well-established transgenic rat model of RP (rhodopsin S334ter), we investigated the effects of clusterin on rod photoreceptor survival. To investigate the role of clusterin in S334ter-line3 retinas, Voronoi analysis and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate the geometry of rod distribution. Additionally, immunoblot analysis, Bax activation, STAT3 and Akt phosphorylation were used to evaluate the pathway involved in rod cell protection. In this study, clusterin (10μg/ml) intravitreal treatment produced robust preservation of rod photoreceptors in S334ter-line3 retina. The mean number of rods in 1mm2 was significantly greater in clusterin injected RP retinas (postnatal (P) 30, P45, P60, & P75) than in age-matched saline injected RP retinas (P<0.01). Clusterin activated Akt, STAT3 and significantly reduced Bax activity; in addition to inducing phosphorylated STAT3 in Muller cells, which suggests it may indirectly acts on photoreceptors. Thus, clusterin treatment may interferes with mechanisms leading to rod death by suppressing cell death through activation of Akt and STAT3, followed by Bax suppression. Novel insights into the pathway of how clusterin promotes the rod cell survival suggest this treatment may be a potential therapeutic strategy to slow progression of vision loss in human RP.
In the Dark

The artist’s duty is to “reflect the times,” said Nina Simone. Poets too, have this political duty. As a queer Black woman, I share my lived experience(s) as a political form of engagement and resistance, both in writing and onstage. Inspired by Audre Lorde’s (1984) text Sister Outsider, this piece of personal performance poetry explores Della Pollock’s notion that performative writing is citational. Blending references to white poets such Emily Dickinson with allusions to writers, artists, and theorists of color, this piece makes space for black culture in the academy and recounts my return home after a period of self-imposed exile. It surveys the liminal space between the dark of writing and the light of performance and also critiques the hierarchal academic structures that subjugate knowledge, people, and spoken word poetry. It was originally written and performed in a show entitled Greyscale: Performing Across Difference, in the Marion Kleinau Theatre, in March 2017.
Minkowski Spacetime and General Relativity

Cosgrove demonstrates both that Minkowski spacetime taken as a physical concept is unnecessary to general relativity and that the mathematical apparatus of four-vectors is superfluous as well. He addresses the two principal respects in which Minkowski’s theory enters standard formulations of general theory of relativity: the field equation itself and the law of geodesic motion. Cosgrove concludes with the suggestion that the stress-energy tensor in the general field equation lacks physical intelligibility and might best be discarded in favor of the pure (“vacuum”) gravitational field equation.
Recent advances in lipoprotein metabolism and the genetic dyslipoproteinemias.

During the last two decades major advances have occurred in our understanding of lipoprotein metabolism in normal subjects, and patients with dyslipoproteinemias. Of particular interest has been the elucidation of the role of plasma apolipoproteins, lipoproteins receptors, transfer factors, and lipolytic enzymes in the metabolism of plasma lipoproteins. An improved understanding of the regulation of lipoprotein metabolism, and the intracellular as well as extracellular transport of cholesterol has permitted the determination of molecular defects in patients with dyslipoproteinemias. This new information has been used to development improved methods for diagnosis and treatment of patients at risk for the development of hyperlipidemia and premature cardiovascular disease. This report will summarize recent studies in our laboratory on three apolipoproteins, apoA-I, apoB, and Lp(a).
Cultural Transmission of a Human Language in a Chimpanzee Mother-Infant Relationship

Critical to the study of language are the preconceived theoretical notions a scientist brings to the experimental situation. For example, in the early attempts to teach chimpanzees a language (Witmer, 1909; Kohts, 1935; Hayes and Hayes, 1951, 1952; Kellogg, 1968) the egocentric error that language must be vocal prevailed. These approaches attempted to teach vocal speech to the chimpanzee because humans use vocal speech. Their error was to ignore the nature of the chimpanzee. For example, the repertoire of behaviors that the chimpanzee brings to the experimental situation. These approaches attempted to force the chimpanzee to use a communication modality inappropriate to its biology. Gardner and Gardner (1969, 1971, 1975) avoided this error by using a human gestural language compatible with the chimpanzees’ communication system in the wild. The Gardners’ approach was consistent with prior attempts in that they all considered language to be inseparable from social context and for this reason the chimpanzees were raised in the socially rich environment of a human home.
Connections to, Implications of, and Directions for a Cybernetic Theory of Psychopathology

The judiciously maligned categorical model of psychopathology provides favorable conditions for integrative and generative dimensional theory such as CB5T (DeYoung, 2015; DeYoung & Krueger, this is...
The flood and the problem of being an Omnivore

The flood narratives in the Bible and the ancient Near East continue to attract scholarly attention from a variety of disciplines. This article incorporates recent research on ancient Near Eastern ...
Verification of a Portable Motion Tracking System for Remote Management of Physical Rehabilitation of the Knee.

Rehabilitation following knee injury or surgery is critical for recovery of function and independence. However, patient non-adherence remains a significant barrier to success. Remote rehabilitation using mobile health (mHealth) technologies have potential for improving adherence to and execution of home exercise. We developed a remote rehabilitation management system combining two wireless inertial measurement units (IMUs) with an interactive mobile application and a web-based clinician portal (interACTION). However, in order to translate interACTION into the clinical setting, it was first necessary to verify the efficacy of measuring knee motion during rehabilitation exercises for physical therapy and determine if visual feedback significantly improves the participant’s ability to perform the exercises correctly. Therefore, the aim of this study was to verify the accuracy of the IMU-based knee angle measurement system during three common physical therapy exercises, quantify the effect of visual feedback on exercise performance, and understand the qualitative experience of the user interface through survey data. A convenience sample of ten healthy control participants were recruited for an IRB-approved protocol. Using the interACTION application in a controlled laboratory environment, participants performed ten repetitions of three knee rehabilitation exercises: heel slides, short arc quadriceps contractions, and sit-to-stand. The heel slide exercise was completed without feedback from the mobile application, then all exercises were performed with visual feedback. Exercises were recorded simultaneously by the IMU motion tracking sensors and a video-based motion tracking system. Validation showed moderate to good agreement between the two systems for all exercises and accuracy was within three degrees. Based on custom usability survey results, interACTION was well received. Overall, this study demonstrated the potential of interACTION to measure range of motion during rehabilitation exercises for physical therapy and visual feedback significantly improved the participant’s ability to perform the exercises correctly.
Variability in seasonal mobility patterns in Bronze and Iron Age Kazakhstan through cementum analysis

Abstract Understanding seasonal mobility patterns in prehistoric pastoral groups is essential to understanding regional dynamics. In this paper, we present data on the seasonality of site use in southeast Kazakhstan during the Bronze and Iron Ages. The data for this study come from the settlements of Begash and Tasbas. Begash has previously been described as a winter settlement, while Tasbas provides evidence for agricultural production and was initially considered a summer settlement. We performed analysis of cementum annulations on 49 caprine teeth from Begash and 29 caprine teeth from Tasbas. We demonstrate that occupation at Begash was not strictly limited to winter, and that occupation at Tasbas was year-round. These results demonstrate more variation in seasonal occupation patterns than was previously expected, which indicates more complexity in mobility patterns as well. Introducing additional variation and complexity in seasonal movement means that we will need to revise our models of mobile pastoral economies in the Bronze and Iron Ages. The results of this study lead to questions about what factors influenced movement, and how variability in mobility patterns affected larger social structures and interactions between populations in Central Eurasia in prehistory.
Rapid research autopsy is a stealthy but growing contributor to cancer research

Rapid autopsy has been shown to be a powerful tool for advancing research at essentially no risk and with no distress to the contributing patient. Academic and health centers with a substantial investment in cancer research should consider using this emerging research support modality.
The Alzheimer's Disease Exposome

Abstract Introduction Environmental factors are poorly understood in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias. The importance of environmental factors in gene environment interactions (GxE) is suggested by wide individual differences in cognitive loss, even for carriers of AD-risk genetic variants. Results and Discussion We propose the "AD exposome" to comprehensively assess the modifiable environmental factors relevant to genetic underpinnings of cognitive aging and AD. Analysis of endogenous and exogenous environmental factors requires multi-generational consideration of these interactions over age and time (GxExT). New computational approaches to the multi-level complexities may identify accessible interventions for individual brain aging. International collaborations on diverse populations are needed to identify the most relevant exposures over the life course for GxE interactions.
Omega‐3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Lung Cancer: nutrition or Pharmacology?

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω-3 PUFA) supplements for chemoprevention of different types of cancer including lung cancer has been investigated in recent years. ω-3 PUFAs are considered immunonutrients, commonly used in the nutritional therapy of cancer patients. ω-3 PUFAs play essential roles in cell signaling and in cell structure and fluidity of membranes. They participate in the resolution of inflammation and have anti-inflammatory effects. Lung cancer patients suffer complications, such as anorexia-cachexia syndrome, pain and depression. The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) 2017 guidelines for cancer patients only discuss the use of ω-3 PUFAs for cancer-cachexia treatment, leaving aside other cancer-related complications that could potentially be managed by ω-3 PUFAs. This review aims to elucidate whether the effects of ω-3 PUFAs in lung cancer is supplementary, pharmacological or both. In addition, clinical studies, evidence in cell lines and animal models suggest how ω-3 PUFAs induce anticancer effects. ω-3 PUFAs and their metabolites are suggested to modulate pivotal pathways underlying the progression or complications of lung cancer, indicating that this is a promising field to be explored. Further investigation is still required to analyze the benefits of ω-3 PUFAs as supplementation or pharmacological treatment in lung cancer.
LES investigation on the dependence of the flow through a centrifugal pump on the diffuser geometry

Abstract Large-Eddy Simulation is utilized to investigate the rotor–stator interaction within a centrifugal pump. Comparisons are presented across diffuser geometries for two values of the flow-rate. Decreasing the incidence angle on the diffuser blades at off-design is found the main source of higher pressure rise and lower overall values of turbulent kinetic energy within the pump, resulting in efficiency improvement. The impact on the second-order statistics of the flow is especially significant. However, the values of the pressure fluctuations acting on the diffuser blades, defining fatigue loads on them and cavitation phenomena, are found especially affected by the rotor–stator clearance. Results show that at reduced flow-rates the rotation of the diffuser blades around their mid camber is a better option than rotating them around their leading edge. They also suggest that at larger flow-rates the increased incidence on the diffuser blades causes pressure side separation and large shear layers populating the diffuser channels, not affecting substantially the region of interface between impeller and diffuser, but having detrimental effects on the performance of the latter. The rotation of the diffuser blades around their leading edge should be preferred when the pump operates at flow-rates larger than the design one, avoiding decreasing the rotor–stator gap, thus resulting in smoother rotor–stator interaction and lower pressure fluctuations.
A computational study of the gas-phase pyruvic acid decomposition: Potential energy surfaces, temporal dependence, and rates

Pyruvic acid (PA) is a key intermediate in keto-acid chemistry and plays an integral part in atmospheric chemistry. However, there is still a lack of fundamental mechanistic understanding of the PA degradation processes. Here, we show the gas-phase PA degradation energetics, temporal dependence, and rates and compare with the hydration of PA and decomposition of methylglyoxal (MGY). The acetaldehyde production, via PA decarboxylation, was found to be dominant over acetic acid production. We confirmed the isomerization to enol and lactone forms and the roles of intermediates, methylhydroxycarbene (MHC)–CO2 and vinyl alcohol. We characterized additional pathways with their energy barrier represented in parentheses: the direct acetic acid conversion (54.21 kcal/mol), MHC–CO2 to acetaldehyde (30.82 kcal/mol), and MHC–CO2 to vinyl alcohol (23.80 kcal/mol). The calculated PA decomposition rates at 400 K–1000 K and 1 atm agree with the previous gas-phase experiments. The unsymmetrical Eckart tunneling is significant in 2,2-dihydroxypropionic acid (DHPA) and DHPA–H2O formation and MGY production, resulting in increased rates for DHPA formation. This implies a competition between PA decomposition and hydration in atmospheric conditions and a strong water concentration and temperature dependence.
Demonstration of a Novel Phase Lag Controlled Roll Rotation Mechanism using a Two-DOF Soft Swimming Robot

Underwater roll rotation is a basic but essential maneuver that allows many biological swimmers to achieve high maneuverability and complex locomotion patterns. In particular, sea mammals (e.g., sea otter) with flexible vertebra structures have a unique mechanism to efficiently achieve roll rotation, not propelled mainly by inter-digital webbing or fin, but by bending and twisting their body.In this work, we attempt to implement and effectively control the roll rotation by mimicking this kind of efficient biomorphic roll mechanism on our two degrees of freedom (DOF) soft modular swimming robot. The robot also allows the achievement of other common maneuvers, such as pitch/yaw rotation and linear swimming patterns. The proposed 2DOF soft swimming robot platform includes an underactuated, cable-driven design that mimics the flexible cascaded skeletal structure of soft spine tissue and hard spine bone seen in many fish species. The cable-driven actuation mechanism is oriented laterally for forwarding motion and steering in a 3D plane. The robot can perform a steady and controllable roll rotation with a maximum angular speed of 41.6 deg/s. A hypothesis explaining this novel roll rotation mechanism is set forth, and the phenomenon is systematically studied at different frequencies and phase lag gait conditions. Preliminary results show a linear relationship between roll angular velocity and frequency within a specific range. Additionally, the roll rotation can be controlled independently in some special conditions. These abilities form the foundation for future research on 3D underwater locomotion with adaptive, controllable maneuvering capabilities.
Deep Learning for Reintegrating Biology.

The goal of this vision paper is to investigate the possible role that advanced machine learning techniques, especially deep learning, could play in the reintegration of various biological disciplines. To achieve this goal, a series of operational, but admittedly very simplistic, conceptualizations have been introduced: Life has been taken as a multidimensional phenomenon that inhabits three physical dimensions (time, space, and scale) and biological research as establishing connection between different points in the domain of life. Each of these points hence denotes a position in time, space, and scale at which a life phenomenon of interest takes place. Using these conceptualizations, fragmentation of biology can be seen as the result of too few and especially too short-ranged connections. Reintegrating biology could then be accomplished by establishing more, longer ranged connections. Deep learning methods appear to be very well suited for addressing this particular need at this particular time. Not withstanding the numerous unsubstantiated claims regarding the capabilities of AI, deep learning networks represent a major advance in the ability to find complex relationships inside large data sets that would have not been accessible with traditional data analytic methods or to a human observer. In addition, ongoing advances in the automation of taking measurements from phenomena on all levels of biological organization, continue to increase the number of large quantitative data sets that are available. These increasingly common data sets could serve as anchor points for making long-range connections by virtue of deep learning. However, connections within the domain of life are likely to be structured in a highly nonuniform fashion and hence it is necessary to develop methods, e.g., theoretical, computational, and experimental, to determine linkage of biological data sets most likely to provide useful insights on a biological problem using deep learning. Finally, specific deep learning approaches and architectures should be developed to match the needs of reintegrating biology.