cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Constitutively Active Chemokine CXC Receptors

Chemokines are low-molecular-weight, secreted proteins that act as leukocyte-specific chemoattractants. The chemokine family has more than 40 members. Based on the position of two conserved cysteines in the N-terminal domain, chemokines can be divided into the CXC, C, CC, and CX3C subfamilies. The interaction of chemokines with their receptors mediates signaling pathways that play critical roles in cell migration, differentiation, and proliferation. The receptors for chemokines are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), and thus far, seven CXC receptors have been cloned and are designated CXCR1-7. Constitutively active GPCRs are present in several human immune-mediated diseases and in tumors, and they have provided valuable information in understanding the molecular mechanism of GPCR activation. Several constitutively active CXC chemokine receptors include the V6.40A and V6.40N mutants of CXCR1; the D3.49V variant of CXCR2; the N3.35A, N3.35S, and T2.56P mutants of CXCR3; the N3.35 mutation of CXCR4; and the naturally occurring KSHV-GPCR. Here, we review the regulation of CXC chemokine receptor signaling, with a particular focus on the constitutive activation of these receptors and the implications in physiological conditions and in pathogenesis. Understanding the mechanisms behind the constitutive activation of CXC chemokine receptors may aid in pharmaceutical design and the screening of inverse agonists and allosteric modulators for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and cancers.
Safety and Efficacy of Live Measles Vaccine Administered to a Crohn's Disease Patient Receiving Vedolizumab.

Safety and Efficacy of Live Measles Vaccine Administered to a Crohn's Disease Patient Receiving Vedolizumab
Breeding of New Hybrid Rice Combination Y Liangyou 7 with High Yield and Good Quality by Introducing Yield-increase QTLs of Wild Rice

Y Liangyou 7 or Y58S/R163,is a new two-line medium hybrid rice combination developed by China National Hybrid Rice Research and Development Center(CNHRRDC).R163 is a new CNHRRDC-developed parental line carrying both yld1.1 and yld2.1 QTLs from a Malaysian common wild rice by crossing 9311,a parent of super hybrid rice,as the receptor and recurrent parent,with the Malaysian common wild rice,the donor of the yieldincrease QTLs,and selecting single plants with yield-increase QTLs with the aid of molecular markers to make backcrosses successively.Y58S is a CNHRRDC-developed PTGMS line with a wide adaptability.Y Liangyou 7 is characteristic of good plant type,high-yielding capacity,fine grain quality,strong stress resistance and wide adaptability.In March,2008,it was registered and released to commercial production by Hunan Provincial Crop Variety Appraisal Committee,and in the same year it was ranked as a super rice variety in Hunan Province.The breeding procedure,characteristics and major applied techniques in high-yielding cultivation and hybrid seed production of Y Liangyou 7 were introduced in this paper.
The Nuclear Receptor Corepressor (NCoR) Controls Thyroid Hormone Sensitivity and the Set Point of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis

The role of nuclear receptor corepressor (NCoR) in thyroid hormone (TH) action has been difficult to discern because global deletion of NCoR is embryonic lethal. To circumvent this, we developed mice that globally express a modified NCoR protein (NCoRΔID) that cannot be recruited to the thyroid hormone receptor (TR). These mice present with low serum T4 and T3 concentrations accompanied by normal TSH levels, suggesting central hypothyroidism. However, they grow normally and have increased energy expenditure and normal or elevated TR-target gene expression across multiple tissues, which is not consistent with hypothyroidism. Although these findings imply an increased peripheral sensitivity to TH, the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis is not more sensitive to acute changes in TH concentrations but appears to be reset to recognize the reduced TH levels as normal. Furthermore, the thyroid gland itself, although normal in size, has reduced levels of nonthyroglobulin-bound T4 and T3 and demonstrates decreased responsiveness to TSH. Thus, the TR-NCoR interaction controls systemic TH sensitivity as well as the set point at all levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. These findings suggest that NCoR levels could alter cell-specific TH action that would not be reflected by the serum TSH.
A 58-year-old woman with hypoglycemia and electroencephalographic abnormalities

Presentation of Case A 58-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of recurrent confusional episodes. She was well until four years earlier, when she began to experience occasional episo...
O Humanitismo em Machado: Entre Spinoza, Voltaire e Leopardi

Voltaire's understanding of Spinoza's ideas was distorted by erroneous attributions and a shallow understanding of the philosopher's idea of God, Nature, and Monism. Voltaire based his bias on the famous article by Bayle and on his own theism. As such, Voltaire built a polemical caricature of Spinoza's ideas that gets repeated in his works and correspondence. In this caricature, however, it would not be difficult to recognize Quincas Borba's Humanitism. One would also recognize elements in Bras Cubas's delirium. On the other hand, there is a convergence of these same ideas in Leopardi, who will also furnish Machado with another prism on how to engage Spinoza and Voltaire. Machado, however refracts the debate by undermining, rearranging, and introducing new elements in it. Would it be upsetting to Nature to deny it its own mandate: the renewal of the species? In the "chapter of negatives," would this denial be the only positive action allowed an Individual?
Introduction: Motherhood as a Feminist Discursive Space

Mexican women at the beginning of the twentieth century spoke and wrote about the Revolution. They also fought for labor rights and women’s rights in Mexico and in the U.S. Their voices were loud. And they were clear. Yet, we have lost track of them and still believe in the mythological constructs of Mexican femininity: the passive Virgin of Guadalupe; or the terrible mothers, Malinche and Llorona. I propose that it is precisely through motherhood, an affective and therefore effective cultural space, that Nellie Campobello, Juana Belen Gutierrez de Mendoza, Sara Estela Ramirez, and Andrea Villarreal Gonzalez claim their roles as historians, single mothers, political voices, and/or simply their right to be, to exist beyond assigned roles of femininity that erase them and their contributions.
The Search for Innovative Ideas

There is a friendly conflict between field broadcast journalists and broadcast journalism instructors. The conflict centers on the development of best instructional practices for the student journa...
Do We Know the Mechanism of Intravenous Lipid Emulsion (ILE) Therapy for High Blood Levels of Local Anesthetics

A 60-year-old man presented for arthroscopic shoulder surgery for a torn rotator cuff. His medical history was significant for coronary artery disease and hypertension. He had a myocardial infarct 8 years prior to admission followed by percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. His medications included metoprolol and aspirin. His preoperative electrocardiogram (EKG) revealed a right bundle branch block and changes associated with an old anterior wall myocardial infarct. He agreed to regional anesthesia with sedation, and an interscalene block was planned.
Lumiliximab, An Apoptosis Sensitizer to Multiple CLL Therapeutic Agents

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a B cell malignancy characterized by the accumulation of mature phenotype leukemic B cells in blood, spleen and lymphoid tissues. While many patients respond initially to combination chemotherapy regimens, many become chemoresistant and all will ultimately relapse. Recently the addition of novel monoclonal antibody therapies such as rituximab and alemtuzumab to these treatment regimens has provided additional therapeutic benefit to chemorefractory CLL patients and prompted interest in the evaluation of additional B cell surface antigens as targets. Lumiliximab is a primatized monoclonal antibody directed against CD23, a glycoprotein expressed on the majority of CLL cells, and is currently under investigation in patients with relapsed CLL. It was previously demonstrated that the primary mechanism of action of lumiliximab in both CD23+ lymphoma B cells and CLL patient samples is sensitization to apoptotic cell death and that lumiliximab enhances apoptosis in vivo when combined with either fludarabine or rituximab (Pathan et al., Blood, 2008). In the present study we sought to determine whether lumiliximab could enhance the apoptotic activity of a range of CLL therapies which induce cell death via distinct apoptotic pathways. Our studies demonstrate that the addition of lumiliximab in combination with the alkylating agent chlorambucil resulted in a dose-dependent and significant increase in apoptosis of CD23+ lymphoma cells. Lumiliximab also resulted in statistically significantly enhanced apoptosis when combined with alemtuzumab as compared to either single agent alone in both CD23+/CD52+ lymphoma cells and CLL patient samples. Examination of the apoptotic pathways induced by these agents revealed that lumiliximab in combination resulted in more dramatic alterations in downstream effectors of apoptosis such as caspase 3, PARP, and DNA fragmentation. Further studies are ongoing to confirm these observations in xenograft models and to delineate the mechanistic basis of the enhanced apoptotic signaling. These data suggest that the use of lumiliximab in combination with current or emerging CLL therapies could be an effective strategy to augment tumor cell killing and may result in new and more effective treatment regimens for the eradication of CLL.
The Design and Calibration of Rogowski Coils

Abstract:In spite of a large number of publications on new Rogowski coil designs and applications, there are relatively few papers that deal with their calibration, and even fewer that address the traceability of these calibrations. This paper describes some of the improvements in the design and performance of Rogowski coils. It focuses on the calibration methods and the traceability required by more demanding applications of the improved Rogowski coil. An overview of the calibration capabilities regarding current and frequency ranges is presented. The best uncertainties (k = 2) of the advanced calibration systems described in the paper are estimated to be better than 50 μA/A for magnitude and 50 μrad for phase, at power frequencies. The uncertainties increase with frequency and current. The capability of calibration systems to generate high currents decreases with increasing frequency.
Epigenetic Modifications of DNA and Drug Addiction

DNA modifications provide attractive regulatory mechanisms for the long-lasting changes in transcription that contribute to the behavioral abnormalities characteristic of drug addiction. Although methylcytosine has been the most studied DNA epigenetic modification, recent studies have identified methylcytosine oxidation and additional forms of altered DNA. These findings have demonstrated the complexity of DNA modifications and opened new avenues for future research. Here, we summarize the accumulating evidence for DNA methylcytosine and its catalyzing enzymes, DNA methyltransferases, in addiction, as well as the emerging role of methylcytosine oxidation and the related Ten-eleven translocation family of dioxygenases. In addition, we review recent progress in the genome-wide profiling of these modifications in brain and peripheral tissues and highlight current challenges and future directions. Unraveling the functional relevance of these epigenetic mechanisms in addiction is adding to our understanding of this syndrome, which has the potential to prompt novel approaches for better diagnosis and therapy.
Extranational spaces and the disruption of national boundaries: Turkish immigrant media and claims against the state in 1980s West Germany

After the 1980 coup that shook Turkey and almost twenty years after the bilateral ‘guest worker’ treaty shifted Germany's demographic make-up, West German policy makers proposed increasingly restrictive regulations on the ‘guest workers’ who had heavily contributed to West Germany's economy. In this crucial historical moment, Turkish-language newspapers, published in West Germany, created a politically motivated extranational public sphere in which they launched claims against both the West German and Turkish states. These claims shaped immigration and integration policy between the two countries, fostered diasporic activism and cross-national religious and political organisations and gave rise to a variety of unexpected organisational outcomes that continue to impact both Germany and the Turkish Republic.
Fabricating and Actuating DNA Origami Mechanisms

DNA origami enables the precise fabrication of nanoscale geometries. We demonstrate an approach to engineer complex and reversible motion of nanoscale DNA origami mechanisms. Following a traditional macroscopic machine design approach, we developed flexible DNA origami rotational and linear joints that integrate stiff double-stranded DNA components and flexible single-stranded DNA components to constrain motion along a single degree of freedom and demonstrate the ability to tune flexibility and range of motion. Linear motion was achieved by folding a tube concentrically around a track through a novel approach of programmed sequential folding so the track folds first, and then the tube is constrained to assemble around the track. Multiple joints were then integrated into various higher order mechanisms including a crank–slider that couples rotational and linear motion. We have also demonstrated multiple actuation methods to achieve reversible conformational changes via input strands to form new connections distributed throughout the mechanisms. One approach uses stable input strand connections with DNA strand displacement, and we have established an approach for reversible actuation that relies on transient binding of many weak affinity input strands. In this case, the reverse actuation can be achieved simply by removing the input strands from solution. Also, we have recently developed a similar actuation method using weak complementary overhang connections that can that can be controlled by adjusting cation concentration. We expect these approaches can improve actuation times because they do not rely on strand displacement. In addition, with both approaches, we can tune the dynamics to see conformational changes in specific ranges of concentrations. Our results demonstrate programmable motion of 2D and 3D DNA origami mechanisms constructed following a macroscopic machine design approach with steps towards fast mechanical actuation.
Parent–Adult Child Religious Discordance: Consequences for Intergenerational Solidarity Across Several Decades:

This article focused on the relationship between parent–child religious discordance (affiliation, intensity, and attendance) in early adulthood and children’s perceived affectual and associational ...
The second window ICG technique demonstrates a broad plateau period for near infrared fluorescence tumor contrast in glioblastoma

Introduction Fluorescence-guided surgery has emerged as a powerful tool to detect, localize and resect tumors in the operative setting. Our laboratory has pioneered a novel way to administer an FDA-approved near-infrared (NIR) contrast agent to help surgeons with this task. This technique, coined Second Window ICG, exploits the natural permeability of tumor vasculature and its poor clearance to deliver high doses of indocyanine green (ICG) to tumors. This technique differs substantially from established ICG video angiography techniques that visualize ICG within minutes of injection. We hypothesized that Second Window ICG can provide NIR optical contrast with good signal characteristics in intracranial brain tumors over a longer period of time than previously appreciated with ICG video angiography alone. We tested this hypothesis in an intracranial mouse glioblastoma model, and corroborated this in a human clinical trial. Methods Intracranial tumors were established in 20 mice using the U251-Luc-GFP cell line. Successful grafts were confirmed with bioluminescence. Intravenous tail vein injections of 5.0 mg/kg (high dose) or 2.5 mg/kg (low dose) ICG were performed. The Perkin Elmer IVIS Spectrum (closed field) was used to visualize NIR fluorescence signal at seven delayed time points following ICG injection. NIR signals were quantified using LivingImage software. Based on the success of our results, human subjects were recruited to a clinical trial and intravenously injected with high dose 5.0 mg/kg. Imaging was performed with the VisionSense Iridium (open field) during surgery one day after ICG injection. Results In the murine model, the NIR signal-to-background ratio (SBR) in gliomas peaks at one hour after infusion, then plateaus and remains strong and stable for at least 48 hours. Higher dose 5.0 mg/kg improves NIR signal as compared to lower dose at 2.5 mg/kg (SBR = 3.5 vs. 2.8; P = 0.0624). Although early (≤ 6 hrs) visualization of the Second Window ICG accumulation in gliomas is stronger than late (≥24 hrs) visualization (SBR = 3.94 vs. 2.32; p<0.05) there appears to be a long plateau period of stable ICG NIR signal accumulation within tumors in the murine model. We call this long plateau period the “Second Window” of ICG. In glioblastoma patients, the delayed visualization of intratumoral NIR signal was strong (SBR 7.50 ± 0.74), without any significant difference within the 19 to 30 hour visualization window (R2 = 0.019). Conclusion The Second Window ICG technique allows neurosurgeons to deliver NIR optical contrast agent to human glioblastoma patients, thus providing real-time tumor identification in the operating room. This nonspecific tumor accumulation of ICG within the tumor provides strong signal to background contrast, and is not significantly time dependent between 6 hours to 48 hours, providing a broad plateau for stable visualization. This finding suggests that optimal imaging of the “Second Window of ICG” may be within this plateau period, thus providing signal uniformity across subjects.
A Pilot Study of Pokémon Go and Players' Physical Activity.

Abstract Objective: Pokemon Go is a mobile game released in 2016 that gained great popularity. The goals of this pilot study were to investigate player's game-related behavior pattern, to evaluate Pokemon Go's impact on players' physical activity (PA) and game enjoyment, and to examine the influence of neighborhood environment on game behavior. Materials and Methods: Forty-seven valid online surveys were collected. Participants were asked questions from five aspects regarding their (1) game status, (2) demographic background and pre-game physical activity, (3) game enjoyment and socializing motivations, (4) perceived game impact on their post-game physical activity, and (5) neighborhood environment's influence on their choice of game location. We examined the first four aspects through descriptive statistics and t-tests, and we investigated the neighborhood impact using logistic regression. Results: Sixty-four percent of participants felt that Pokemon Go made them exercise more than before, about three mo...
Extended low-resolution structure of a Leptospira antigen offers high bactericidal antibody accessibility amenable to vaccine design.

Vaccines encourage the immune system to develop a protection against disease-causing bacteria and viruses. Some types of immune cells release antibodies, which recognize particular proteins on the surface of the invading microbe. A vaccine that contains these surface proteins allows immune cells to develop the antibodies that can help to fight off an infection at a later date. Studying the shape and structure of the surface proteins can reveal how they are detected by our immune systems and can further be used to design more effective vaccines. Leptospirosis is the most common bacterial disease to affect both humans and animals. The symptoms of the disease include fever, muscle pain and bleeding from the lungs. New vaccines against leptospirosis are desperately needed because current ones have severe side effects and do not fully protect against the disease. The most promising new vaccine candidates are the Lig proteins, which are found on the surface of leptospirosis causing bacteria cells, but little was known about their molecular structure. The region of the Lig protein that is recognized by the immune system consists of a series of twelve connected ‘immunoglobulin-like’ domains. Hsieh, Ptak et al. used X-ray scattering to determine the structure of this region and found that the protein is highly elongated. Additional experiments showed that the individual domains provoke immune responses to different extents. Antibodies that can interact more strongly with the Lig protein were also better able to kill the bacteria. Based on this information, Hsieh, Ptak et al. combined parts of the individual domains that bind strongly to antibodies to design a new protein that, when used as a vaccine, protected hamsters against leptospirosis much better than other Lig protein-based vaccines. Further engineering and testing are required to develop an optimized, commercial leptospirosis vaccine, but the work of Hsieh, Ptak et al. shows the effectiveness of structure-based vaccine design methods. In the future, similar methods could be used to develop better vaccines and treatments for other infectious diseases.
Fanconi syndrome associated with use of tenofovir in HIV-infected patients: A case report and review of the literature

We report a case of Fanconi syndrome associated with the use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in the treatment of HIV infection. A 56-year-old HIV-infected man was admitted to the hospital with a chief complaint of severe, progressive weakness. His HIV infection was well controlled by antiretroviral therapy; other medical problems included hepatitis C and chronic renal insufficiency. About 2 weeks before presentation, the patient had received an influenza vaccination, which was followed by a generalized viral syndrome of several days' duration. Next, weakness developed and culminated in an inability to walk; this prompted the patient's presentation at the hospital. Urine chemistry, electrolyte panel, and clinical presentation were consistent with Fanconi syndrome, a generalized proximal tubular dysfunction involving proteins, glucose, uric acid, and electrolytes. Along with our Case Report, we review 25 cases of Fanconi syndrome previously reported in the literature.
No Responsibility No Morality

This chapter argues that if individuals are not morally responsible, then there is no morality. By no morality, I mean that there are no right or wrong actions, no good or bad states of affairs, and no other things with moral properties or, at perhaps less sweepingly, we do not know whether there are such things. Here I focus on right and wrong actions. My main argument in this chapter is that if people are not morally responsible, then there is no morality as it relates to matters that are up to us or, at least, we don’t know whether there is morality on such matters. When it comes to the right, either consequentialism or non-consequentialism is true. Consider consequentialism. If we don’t know whether determinism is true, then we don’t know whether there are acts that produce more good than any other act available to the agent and hence we don’t know whether there are obligatory or wrong acts. Consider non-consequentialism. If non-consequentialism is true, then people have rights and rights protect autonomy. The notion that non-consequentialism depends on rights rests on a consideration of the most plausible non-consequentialist theories. The notion that rights protect autonomy depends on a theory of what best fits and justifies rights. Autonomy is inextricably linked to moral responsibility and, as argued above, people do not have it.
Effect of a Patient and Clinician Communication-Priming Intervention on Patient-Reported Goals-of-Care Discussions Between Patients With Serious Illness and Clinicians: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance Clinician communication about goals of care is associated with improved patient outcomes and reduced intensity of end-of-life care, but it is unclear whether interventions can improve this communication. Objective To evaluate the efficacy of a patient-specific preconversation communication-priming intervention (Jumpstart-Tips) targeting both patients and clinicians and designed to increase goals-of-care conversations compared with usual care. Design, Setting, and Participants Multicenter cluster-randomized trial in outpatient clinics with physicians or nurse practitioners and patients with serious illness. The study was conducted between 2012 and 2016. Interventions Clinicians were randomized to the bilateral, preconversation, communication-priming intervention (n = 65) or usual care (n = 67), with 249 patients assigned to the intervention and 288 to usual care. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was patient-reported occurrence of a goals-of-care conversation during a target outpatient visit. Secondary outcomes included clinician documentation of a goals-of-care conversation in the medical record and patient-reported quality of communication (Quality of Communication questionnaire [QOC]; 4-indicator latent construct) at 2 weeks, as well as patient assessments of goal-concordant care at 3 months and patient-reported symptoms of depression (8-item Patient Health Questionnaire; PHQ-8) and anxiety (7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder survey; GAD-7) at 3 and 6 months. Analyses were clustered by clinician and adjusted for confounders. Results We enrolled 132 of 485 potentially eligible clinicians (27% participation; 71 women [53.8%]; mean [SD] age, 47.1 [9.6] years) and 537 of 917 eligible patients (59% participation; 256 women [47.7%]; mean [SD] age, 73.4 [12.7] years). The intervention was associated with a significant increase in a goals-of-care discussion at the target visit (74% vs 31%; P P P = .01). Patient-assessed goal-concordant care did not increase significantly overall (70% vs 57%; P = .08) but did increase for patients with stable goals between 3-month follow-up and last prior assessment (73% vs 57%; P = .03). Symptoms of depression or anxiety were not different between groups at 3 or 6 months. Conclusions and Relevance This intervention increased the occurrence, documentation, and quality of goals-of-care communication during routine outpatient visits and increased goal-concordant care at 3 months among patients with stable goals, with no change in symptoms of anxiety or depression. Understanding the effect on subsequent health care delivery will require additional study. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:NCT01933789
Soluble P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 inhibits ocular inflammation in a murine model of allergy.

PURPOSE. To assess the anti-inflammatory modality of a soluble extracellular form of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (sPSGL-1) in a mouse model of ocular allergic response. METHODS. Potential anti-inflammatory effects of sPSGL-1 were investigated in SWR/J mice sensitized by topical application of short ragweed pollen to the nasal mucosa followed by a challenge of the ocular mucosa with the same allergen. Five experimental groups were included in these studies: A, mice neither sensitized nor challenged with pollen (control group 1); B, animals sensitized but not challenged (control group 2); C, animals not sensitized but challenged (control group 3); D, animals sensitized and challenged; and E, sensitized animals treated with sPSGL-1 before pollen challenge. All experimental groups were evaluated for gross morphologic ocular changes, and histologic assessments were made to determine the onset/progression of inflammatory reactions and to look for evidence of eosinophil infiltration. RESULTS. Mice sensitized and challenged with pollen developed clinical signs consistent with human allergic conjunctivitis. These signs correlate with histologic changes in the conjunctival epithelium and stroma (e.g., edema and extensive eosinophil infiltration). Moreover, the ocular changes also correlated with evidence of eosinophil degranulation. However, sensitized and challenged mice concurrently treated with sPSGL-1 displayed no inflammatory ocular changes associated with a ragweed-induced type-1 hypersensitivity reaction. The lack of ocular changes included the absence of histologic late-phase inflammatory changes of the conjunctiva and a 97% reduction in the induced eosinophil infiltrate. CONCLUSIONS. The antagonistic intervention of cell-cell interactions through the blockade of selectin-dependent leukocyte adhesion may offer novel therapeutic strategies to modulate inflammatory responses. The potent inhibitory effects on eosinophil recruitment and late-phase inflammation suggest a role for sPSGL-1 in the treatment of ocular allergic diseases.
Temporomandibular Disorders and Bruxism

Temporomandibular (TMJ) disorders are characterized by facial pain and functional disturbances of the masticatory system. Traditionally these disorders have been the concern of dentistry. However, in concert with the biofeedback and behavioral medicine movements, TMJ disorders have become of interest to nondental clinicians. One purpose of the present chapter is to review applications of biofeedback to patients suffering from TMJ problems. The behavior known as bruxing involves excessively forceful clenching and/or grinding of the teeth. Bruxing has been a traditional concern of psychology and psychiatry as well as dentistry and bruxing probably is related to TMJ disorders in some patients. A second purpose of this chapter is to review biofeedback applications in the treatment of bruxism.
An Empirical Study of the GIGO Axiom in Satisficing Decisions

An effort to improve data accuracy that yields poorer information accuracy when the data are processed would normally be labeled a major failure. While popular belief discounts the likelihood of such an event, research of conjunctive and disjunctive decision rules suggests that a negative association between input accuracy and decision accuracy is a deeply rooted phenomenon. In this paper we extend the understanding of this phenomenon through an empirical investigation of conjunctive decision rules using Monte Carlo simulations. The implications of this research are not limited to data accuracy; other data deficiencies can generate a comparable effect.
Consumers' Attitude Change Across Sequences of Successful and Unsuccessful Product Usage

In two experiments we examine how consumers are affected by a sequence composed of an initial product-failure experience followed by a success experience. Our interest is to assess how consumers' evaluation of the product and of their own performance change after the second experience. A preliminary experiment used hypothetical scenarios describing consumers' experiences with different products. In the main experiment, participants received actual hands-on experience with a Smith-Corona Personal Typewriter/Word Processor. A major result was that product evaluations could be as high following a failure-success sequence of experiences as following success alone. This was especially true with hands-on experiences. However, the main experiment showed that negative affect (frustration) expressed following an actual product failure experience remained even after a subsequent success. Marketing implications of these dual results are discussed.
Good Enough Yet? A Preliminary Evaluation of Human-Surrogate Interaction

Research exploring the implementation of surrogates has included areas such as training Chuah et al., 2013, education Yamashita, Kuzuoka, Fujimon, & Hirose, 2007, and entertainment Boberg, Piippo, & Ollila, 2008. Determining the characteristics of the surrogate that could potentially influence the human's behavioral responses during human-surrogate interactions is of importance. The present work will draw on the literature about human-robot interaction HRI, social psychology literature regarding the impact that the presence of a surrogate has on another human, and communications literature about human-human interpersonal interaction. The review will result in an experimental design to evaluate various dimensions of the space of human-surrogate characteristics influence on interaction.
Municipal solid waste based multigeneration system for different districts of Karachi

In this study, a novel multi-generation system comprising of municipal solid waste powered Rankine cycle, solar parabolic trough collector, absorption chiller, electrolyser and reverse osmosis, all integrated together to produce useful outputs namely electricity, drinkable water, cooling, warm water, heating, hydrogen and dry air, is proposed and thermodynamic assessment is carried out. Energy analysis and exergy analysis has been carried out by setting up multiple parameters. System performance for different districts in Karachi is then investigated by performing a parametric study by changing system parameters such as municipal solid waste input, calorific values, and ambient temperature, the corresponding changes in system outputs and efficiencies are then compared. The system's average energy and exergy efficiencies are found out to be 88.6% and 60.3% respectively.
Cardiac Venous Injuries: Procedural Profiles and Outcomes during Left Ventricular Lead Placement for Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy.

Background Injury to the cardiac venous structures can complicate left ventricular lead placement for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Little is known about the outcomes of coronary sinus (CS) dissection with or without perforation. Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the outcomes in patients who had a CS injury during CRT implantation. Methods All patients undergoing procedures for CRT implantation at the Cleveland Clinic (2001–2018) were enrolled in a prospectively maintained registry for procedural profiles and complications. All patients with cardiac venous injuries during the procedures were included. Results CS injury occurred in 35 of 5011 patients (0.7%; 6 perforations (17.1%), 29 dissections without perforation (82.9%)). In patients with dissection in the absence of perforation, attempts at CS lead placement after dissection were successful in 21 of 29 patients (72.4%). In those with perforation (n=6, 17.1%), CS lead placement was successful in one of them (16.7%). Cardiac tamponade occurred in 2 patients (5.7%), and the procedure was aborted in both of them. Overall, CS lead placement failed in 13 patients (37%) but 9 (25.7%) underwent subsequent CRT with CS lead placement (n=6, 17.1%; median 58 days later) or epicardial leads (n=3, 8.6%). Three of the remaining 4 patients (8.6%) refused to undergo further procedures, and the fourth (2.9%) died of a complicated course. Conclusion CS injury is not common during CRT implantation procedures and did not preclude successful lead placement in 23 of 35 patients (65.7%) during the index procedure and 6 of 6 (100%) during the subsequent attempted procedures. A low rate of mortality was observed in such patients, but CS injury was associated with increased morbidity.
Characterization of the Neutron Fields in the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) Radiation Calibration Laboratory Low Scatter Calibration Facility

In June 2007, the Department of Energy (DOE) revised its rule on Occupational Radiation Protection, Part 10 CFR 835. A significant aspect of the revision was the adoption of the recommendations outlined in International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Report 60 (ICRP-60), including new radiation weighting factors for neutrons, updated internal dosimetric models, and dose terms consistent with the newer ICRP recommendations. ICRP-60 uses the quantities defined by the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) for personnel and area monitoring including the ambient dose equivalent H*(d). A Joint Task Group of ICRU and ICRP has developed various fluence-to-dose conversion coefficients which are published in ICRP-74 for both protection and operational quantities. In February 2008, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) replaced its old pneumatic transport neutron irradiation system in the Radiation Calibration Laboratory (RCL) Low Scatter Calibration Facility (B255, Room 183A) with a Hopewell Designs irradiator model N40. The exposure tube for the Hopewell system is located close to, but not in exactly the same position as the exposure tube for the pneumatic system. Additionally, the sources for the Hopewell system are stored in Room 183A where, prior to the change, they were stored in a separate room (Roommore » 183C). The new source configuration and revision of the 10 CFR 835 radiation weighting factors necessitate a re-evaluation of the neutron dose rates in B255 Room 183A. This report deals only with the changes in the operational quantities ambient dose equivalent and ambient dose rate equivalent for neutrons as a result of the implementation of the revised 10 CFR 835. In the report, the terms 'neutron dose' and 'neutron dose rate' will be used for convenience for ambient neutron dose equivalent and ambient neutron dose rate equivalent unless otherwise stated.« less
What Little We Know: Peer-Reviewed Articles on the Impact of United States Military Culture on Male Victims of Military Sexual Trauma

Conduct a narrative review study to identify, evaluate, and summarize pertinent published literature on the influence of U.S. military culture on male victims of military sexual assault (MSA) and m...
Immigration, Ethnic Diversity and Public Goods Provisioning: Evidence from Rural Communities in Uganda

A significant body of literature suggests that immigration undermines voluntary contributions to public goods because it leads to ethnic diversity, which in turn erodes social trust. This article posits that the effects of immigration and ethnic diversity on public good provisioning are dissimilar and, that the effect of immigration swamps the effect of ethnic diversity. The article also highlights a need to emphasize the moderating influence of transaction costs when analyzing provisioning problems associated with immigration and ethnic diversity. Focusing on a dozen communities in rural Uganda, and using a mixed-method research design, local attitudes towards efforts at contributing to toilet construction and participating in litter cleanup programs are studied. The findings from data on 293 randomly selected heads of households suggest that socio-political impediments to collective action for public goods provisioning have less to do with the stock of demographic diversity than the flow rate of demographic change. The same findings suggest a more micro-level explanation that transcends the erosive effects of immigration and ethnic diversity to emphasize the moderating influence of transaction costs.
Monomial Sphere Maps and Linear Programming

This chapter continues our investigation of the linear systems for monomial sphere maps. Since the number of examples tends to infinity as the degree increases, we consider methods for restricting the collection of examples. We do so by considering the problem from the perspective of linear programming. The results in this chapter concern two optimization problems. In Section 2, we introduce a natural minimization problem; we wish to minimize the sum of the coefficients of polynomials in a certain collection. We also study sparse solutions, those that minimize the number of terms in such polynomials for a given degree.
Open Government Data Policies and Latin America: Is Value Being Distributed Fairly?

The paper discusses the meaning, implications and origins of Open Government Data. I suggest that the current conceptualization of OGD has been informed by New Public Management theory, which has led to frameworks more focused on creating economic value than enabling a more substantive relationship between the state and its citizens. By counting the frequency of 77 keywords throughout 32 OGD-related documents, I assess the balance in the objectives pursued by Argentina, Colombia, Chile, Mexico, US, UK. The analysis shows the UK and US policies are more focused on wealth creation than their Latin American counterparts, where references to justice, equality and other transformative keywords are more frequent. The essay concludes with a call for more resources to be invested into identifying the potential losers that will result from OGD policies, and how cross-compensations between winners and losers can be carried out to achieve just and more legitimate outcomes. I argue the Legislative is better placed than the Executive to define the broader OGD frameworks given that the Legislative is usually empowered with the task of modifying taxes and public expenditure. Thus, the Legislative can take into account the disruptions caused by OGD in particular, and the information era in general when defining taxation and expenditure.
New York's Financial Cybersecurity Regulation: Tough, Fair, and a National Model

Soon after the New York Department of Financial Services (DFS) proposed a comprehensive cybersecurity regulation in September 2016, fear rippled throughout the financial services and technology industries. The proposal imposed unprecedented obligations on banks, insurance companies, and other financial services firms under the jurisdiction of New York’s Department of Financial Services. Two months later, DFS significantly revised the proposal and issued a regulation that went into effect on March 1, 2017. The following will discuss the new requirements New York’s financial regulators will impose on its regulated companies, and argue that the revised regulation is a model of a rigorous, fair, and technologically sound cybersecurity regulation. New York’s regulation could serve as a model for a uniform nationwide cybersecurity regulation that would provide certainty and clarity to companies while protecting the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information and systems. Cybersecurity law in the United States currently is a patchwork of outdated privacy and computer crime laws; New York’s regulation, in contrast, is a model cybersecurity statute for the modern era.
Structural and electronic properties of the first iridium containing mixed B-site spinel oxide: Cu [ Ir 1.5 Cu 0.5 ] O 4

Geometrically frustrated systems populated with large spin-orbit coupled ions are an ideal setting for the exploration of novel exotic states of matter. Here we present an example of iridium on a mixed B-site spinel oxide structure: $\mathrm{Cu}[{\mathrm{Ir}}_{1.498(2)}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{0.502(2)}]{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$. Synchrotron XRD refinements reveal a face-centered-cubic structure with space group $Fd\overline{3}m$ and mixed Cu-Ir site disorder within the ${\mathrm{B}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ rocksalt substructure. Electrical properties reveal a metallic state within the 50--600-K range with a Kondo effect at $Tl50\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements show a mixed ${\mathrm{Cu}}^{1+/2+}$ and ${\mathrm{Ir}}^{3+/4+}$ charge partitioned picture, which suggests a metallic/band description with reduced on-site Coulomb interactions. Spin-glass-like freezing is seen at ${T}_{\mathrm{g}}=49\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$, and the hysteresis behavior for $Tg{T}_{\mathrm{g}}$ resembles that of a strongly frustrated magnet. DFT calculations show sizable hybridization between the Cu $3d$ and Ir $5d$ states with an effective mixed ${\mathrm{Ir}}^{3+/4+}$ charge partitioned picture, supporting the electronic and XAS results.
Enhancing CAR T Function with the Engineered Secretion of C. Perfringens Neuraminidase.

Prior to adoptive transfer, CAR T cells are activated, lentivirally infected with CAR transgenes, and expanded over 9-11 days. An unintended consequence of this process is the progressive differentiation of CAR T cells over time in culture. Differentiated T cells engraft poorly which limits their ability to persist and provide sustained tumor control in hematologic as well as solid tumors. Solid tumors include other barriers to CAR T cell therapies including immune and metabolic checkpoints that suppress effector function and durability. Sialic acids are ubiquitous surface molecules with known immune checkpoint functions. The enzyme C. Perfringens neuraminidase (CpNA) removes sialic acid residues from target cells, with good activity at physiologic conditions. In combination with galactose oxidase (GO), NA has been found to stimulate T cell mitogenesis and cytotoxicity in vitro. Here we determine if CpNA, alone, and in combination with GO, promotes CAR-T cell anti-tumor efficacy. We show that CpNA restrains CAR T cell differentiation during ex-vivo culture, giving rise to progeny with enhanced therapeutic potential. CAR T-cells expressing CpNA have superior effector function and cytotoxicity in vitro. In a Nalm-6 xenograft model of leukemia, CAR T-cells expressing CpNA show enhanced anti-tumor efficacy. Arming CAR T cells with CpNA also enhanced tumor control in xenograft models of glioblastoma as well as syngeneic model of melanoma. Given our findings, we hypothesize that charge repulsion via surface glycans is a regulatory parameter influencing differentiation. As T cells engage target cells within tumors, and undergo constitutive activation through their CARs, critical thresholds of negative charge may impede cell-cell interactions underlying synapse formation and cytolysis. Removing the dense pool of negative cell-surface charge with CpNA is an effective approach to limit CAR T cell differentiation and enhance overall persistence and efficacy.
Fire History of the Lamar River Drainage Yellowstone National Park

In this paper we discuss the first phase of a 3-year effort to document the fire history of Yellowstone National Park's (YNP) Lamar River drainage southeast of Soda Butte Creek. The overall goal of the study was to provide managers with a more complete understanding of YNP natural fire regimes. Specific objectives were: 1. Determine natural (pre-1900) fire periodicities, severities, burning patterns, and post-fire succession within the study area's major forest types (Douglas fir/ grassland, lodgepole pine/subalpine fir/ spruce, whitebark pine/lodgepole pine/ subalpine fir, and whitebark pine/subalpine fir timberline habitats); 2. document and map the pre-1988 forest age-class mosaic; and 3. digitize the age-class mosaic map for the YNP's GIS data base. This study is considered especially timely because the 1988 fires destroyed much evidence of area fire history. Our sampling in 1989 focused on a 24,000 ha area encompassing the Cache Creek drainage, which was severely burned in 1988. The forest age-class mosaic was sampled by increment boring and sawing fire scar samples from old trees (Arno and Sneck 1977, Barrett and Arno 1988). Aerial photographs were used to map the pre-1988 forest age-class mosaic; Data was digitized for the park's GIS data base. Information from the YNP fire atlas also was useful in interpreting fire patterns during the post-1900 period.
The DR Region of HLA

Following the finding by van Leeuwen et al. (1973) that antisera that blocked mixed-lymphocyte reactivity (MLR) were reactive with only a small proportion of blood lymphocytes, many other investigators have developed methods for examining and categorizing the antigen(s) involved. These antigens are present on B lymphocytes and have been designated HLA-DR for HLA-D related. Technical developments include the removal of antibodies to HLA-A, -B and -C allelic products by absorption with platelets that do not have DR (B-cell) antigens (van Rood et al., 1975a) and enrichment of the lymphocyte population for “B” lymphocytes by adsorption onto anti-F(ab’)2-coated surfaces (Mage et al., 1977; Grier et al., 1977), differential sedimentation after rosetting T lymphocytes with sheep red cells (van Rood et al., 1975a; Terasaki et al., 1978), or differential adherence to nylon wool (Danilovs et al., 1979; Lowry et al., 1978).