cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
An uncalibrated 2MHz, 6mW, 63.5dB SNDR discrete-time input VCO-based ΔΣ ADC

A 63.5dB, 2MHz bandwidth ΔΣ ADC using two ICOs pseudo-differentially as an integrator/quantizer and a combined front-end switched-capacitor V-I converter and feedback DAC in 0.18μm without performance-enhancing calibration is presented. A novel high-linearity, temperature-independent, and voltage-independent ring oscillator architecture provides a high resolution quantizer output, and a digital ΔΣ loop truncates this for a 17-level feedback DAC. The custom portion of the design consumes 6.08mW of analog power from a 1.8V supply and occupies 0.152mm2.
Roadblocks to high efficiency solid-state lighting: Bridging the “green-yellow gap”

Lighting applications are presently limited by the lack of efficient LEDs across the visible spectrum. We review materials challenges that underlie the “green-yellow gap” in LED efficiency and describe emerging approaches for bridging that gap.
Identification of Motion Sick Individuals: A classification method accounting for non-specificity

The identification of “motion sick” individuals is a challenge because of “misreported” motion sickness, i.e. symptoms developed from reasons unrelated to the nauseogenic stimulus. A behavioral method is proposed to address the confounding effect of the non-specificity associated with motion sickness and sopite syndrome symptoms. The proposed method is based on a within-subject approach with three classification groups; symptoms occurring in static conditions are used as normative to classify whether an individual is motion sick in motion conditions. Participants without any symptoms in both static and motion conditions are classified as “Asymptomatic.” If symptom severity in motion conditions is greater than the static, the participant is identified as motion sick (Symptomatic). If symptom severity in motion is less than or equal to the static condition, it is considered that the individual is reporting symptoms not attributable to motion sickness and is excluded from analysis. As part of a broader study, the proposed method was applied in a laboratory experiment and the corresponding results are compared against two alternative methods. The utility and problems of the proposed method are discussed.
Ultrafast optical probes of excited states in conducting polymers

Summary form only given. The question whether the electronic states of 7/spl pi/-conjugated polymers can be described by a band model or exciton model, has been extensively debated over the last couple of years. We present an overview of relevant ultrafast optical data, such as transient photoluminescence, gain, and photomodulation, obtained from several luminescent (such as poly-(arylene vinylene) and polythiophene derivatives) and nonluminescent (such as poly(diethynyl-silane) and poly(thienylene vinylene)) conducting polymers, and we critically examine their interpretation in the context of both models. For laser excitation photon-energy close to the HOMO-LUMD energy-gap we observed in all cases the dominant role of excitons in the ultrafast response. The electronic dynamics is faster for polymers with E(2A/sub g/) < E(IB/sub u/), but the relaxed 2A/sub g/ state plays an equally important role in other polymers. We also report a new ultrafast optical technique to directly probe excited electronic states in conducting polymers, using picosecond strain waves in the 20 GHz range. We demonstrate its potential to detect various excitonic states with both A/sub g/ and B/sub u/ character.
Coarse-grained simulation method for performance evaluation a of shared memory system

We propose a coarse-grained simulation method which takes the effect of memory access contention into account. The method can be used for the evaluation of the execution time of an application program during the system architecture design in an early phase of development. In this phase, information about memory access timings is usually not available. Our method uses a statistical approximation of the memory access timings to estimate their influences on the execution time. We report a preliminary verification of our simulation method by comparing it with an experimental result from an image processing application on a dual-core PC. We find an error of the order of 3 percents on the execution time.
Regulation of ACC-Dependent Ethylene Production by Excised Leaves from Normal and Albino Zea mays L. Seedlings

Dunlap, J. R. 1988. Regulation of ACC-dependent ethylene production by excised leaves from normal and albino Zea mays L. seedlings.—J. exp. Bot. 39: 1079-1089. Albino corn (Zea mays L.) seedlings lacking natural leaf pigments were obtained by germinating seeds treated with fluridone, an inhibitor of carotenoid biosynthesis. Basal rates of ethylene production were less than 20 nl g_1 fr. wt. h_1 in both treated (albino) and untreated (normal) leaves but increased by 10- to 20-fold in the presence of added ACC. ACC-dependent ethylene production (ADEP) was inhibited by cobalt or cyanide ions and stimulated by NaHC03, C02 and light. ADEP in both tissues was stimulated by glucose, fructose, galactose and sucrose. The accumulation of respiratory C02 did not account for the carbohydrate response. The decline in the ADEP characteristic of albino leaf tissue was slowed by incubation in the presence of sucrose. IAA and ABA stimulated ADEP in normal leaves but inhibited ADEP in albino leaves. Sucrose-stimulated ADEP was inhibited in albino leaf tissue treated with IAA or ABA indicating a possible role for the chloroplast in carbohydrate-facilitated ADEP. However, results from this study suggest that chloroplasts perform a function in the regulation of ethylene production by leaf tissue that extends beyond merely influencing internal levels of C02. In the absence of detectable ACC, EFE was responsible for the entire series of responses expressed in regulation of ethylene biosynthesis by corn seedling leaf tissue.
Posture optimization in a dual-redundant robotic control system with applications to automation

Robotic posture optimization and control is an important issue for industrial applications, particularly for the automobile assembly line automation workcells. The optimal posture means that a robot reaches the best configuration in order to operate on a force-related task. It can be modeled as an even joint-torque distribution problem. Through the model, four possible potential functions are developed for the posture optimization in a redundant robotic system. One of the four shows higher effectiveness than others in a simulation study. These potential functions can be more suitably applied to a dual-redundant robotic system for its multi-subtask optimization aided by a nonlinear null space control scheme for the subtask weighting factors determination.
Surface micromachined GHz tunable capacitor with 14:1 continuous tuning range

This paper reports a new simply-supported bridge structure and its use for GHz tunable capacitor application. Unlike traditional MEMS bridges with fully-clamped boundary condition (B.C.) at the anchors, the new bridge structure has simply-supported B.C. Through the implementation of a simply-supported bridge driven by two 100-mum-long ZnO-actuated cantilevers, a compact surface-micromachined tunable capacitor has been fabricated on a single chip without any warping, and shown to be capable of a 1,400% continuous tuning from 0.13 pF to 1.82 pF.
EFFECT OF ETHANOL ON COLLAGEN FORMATION IN DIETARY CIRRHOSIS IN THE RAT

Ethanol (10 or 15% in the drinking water) was found to increase the amount of collagen in the livers of rats receiving a cirrhogenic diet. This effect of ethanol was most striking in the animals receiving 10% ethanol. Ethanol lowered the amount of labeled proline incorporated into hydroxyproline and, therefore, into collagen. The amount of labeled hydroxyproline remaining in the liver 7 days after injection was greater in the rats receiving 10% ethanol than in the pair-fed controls. A net increase in collagen deposition attributable to ethanol was associated with a lowered rate of collagen synthesis. The main action of ethanol in increasing the rate of collagen deposition, therefore, must be inhibition of collagen breakdown.
End-of-Life Decision Making for Nursing Home Residents with Dementia: A Survey of Nursing Home Social Services Staff.

The purpose of this survey was to describe nursing home social services staff roles and perceptions related to end-of-life medical decision making for nursing home residents in endstage dementia. Using a self-designed questionnaire, 138 nursing home social services staff from across New York State answered questions about advance directives, medical interventions, and comfort levels with withholding and withdrawing of treatment. Results showed a high degree of involvement in advance directive discussions, problems in the implementation of advance directives, and wide variation in comfort levels with treatment issues. Results of this study indicate areas of need for further research and training of nursing home social services staff.
Modulated Wave Trains in Lattice Differential Systems

The existence of weak sinks in mixed parabolic-lattice systems on the real line is established for systems that incorporate discrete coupling on an underlying lattice in addition to continuous diffusion. Sinks can be thought of as interfaces that separate two spatially periodic structures with different wave numbers: the corresponding modulated wave train is time periodic in the frame that moves with the speed of the interface. In this paper, the existence of weak sinks is proved that connect wave trains with almost identical wave number. The main difficulty is the global coupling between points on the underlying lattice, since its presence turns the equation solved by sinks into an ill-posed functional differential equation of mixed type.
Solid-State Storage of Radioactive Krypton in a Silica-Based Matrix

A solid silica-based matrix containing 30 cm3 of Kr (STP)/cm3 of glass was prepared by sintering 96% SiO2 with 28% porosity under 140 MPa krypton pressure. The glass was heated to 850° or 900°C and held at temperature until the glass density was ∼2 g/cm3. At 420°C, only 0.7% of the krypton would be released after one half-life of 85Kr (10.7 years). At T>600°C, release of krypton is accompanied by crack development, comminution, and glass softening. Advantages and disadvantages of this technique for radioactive gas storage and diffusion data are presented.
On transfer function representations for homogeneous nonlinear systems

For stationary, homogeneous, nonlinear systems described via the Volterra functional representation, the Laplace transform of the system kernel is commonly used as a "transfer function." Corresponding to the symmetric and triangular forms of the kernel, special forms are obtained for the transfer function. We propose a new form for both the time-domain and transform-domain representation of homogeneous systerns. Properties of these so-called regular forms in relation to the other two forms and in regard to input/output computation, stability, and bilinear realization theory are discussed.
Singular perturbation, state aggregation, and nonlinear filtering

Consider a state process t ? x?(t) evolving in Rn whose motion is that of a pure jump process in Rn, in the 0(1) time scale, upon which is super -imposed a continuous motion along the orbits of a gradient-like vector field g in Rn, in the 0(1/?) time scale i.e. the infinitesimal generator of the state process is of the form L + (1/?)g. If we consider observations of the form dy = h(x?(t))dt + db(t), t ? 0, then for each ? > 0 the corresponding nonlinear filter is infinite dimensional. We show however that the projected motion t ? x-?(t) onto the equilibrium points of g is, in the limit as ? ? 0, a finite-state process governed by some explicit L- on the finite state space consisting of the equilibrium points of g. We then show that the corresponding filters converge to a finite-state Wonham filter.
Factors Associated with Amputation after Popliteal Vascular Injuries

Background Popliteal artery trauma has the highest rate of limb loss of all peripheral vascular injuries. The objectives of this study were to evaluate outcomes after popliteal vascular injury and to identify predictors of amputation. Methods Retrospective data over a 14-year period were collected for patients with popliteal artery with or without vein injuries. Patient demographics, mechanism of injury, Injury Severity Score (ISS), Mangled Extremity Severity Score (MESS), and physiologic parameters were extracted. Time to operative intervention, operative time, type of vascular repair, need for concomitant orthopedic procedures, and outcomes including amputation rate, and in-hospital mortality were recorded. Results Fifty-one patients were found to have popliteal artery injuries, with a median age of 25 (range 10–70 years). The median ISS was 9, and the mean extremity Abbreviated Injury Severity score was 3. The mechanism of injury was blunt for 43% and penetrating for 57%. Fasciotomies were performed in 74% of patients and 64% of patients underwent combined orthopedic and vascular procedures. Overall, 66% of these patients had their vascular procedure performed first. Ten patients required amputation: 1 immediate and 9 after attempted limb salvage (20%). We found that those patients requiring amputation had a higher incidence of blunt trauma (80% vs. 35%, P = 0.014) and higher MESS score (7.1 vs. 4.7, P = 0.02). There was no difference in the incidence of amputation for those who underwent orthopedic fixation before vascular repair ( P = 0.68). Conclusions Popliteal vascular injuries continue to be associated with a high risk of amputation. Those patients undergoing attempted limb salvage should be revascularized expediently, but selected patients may undergo orthopedic stabilization before vascular repair without increased risk of limb loss.
High Federalism: Marijuana Legalization and the Limits of Federal Power to Regulate States

The conflict between state marijuana legalization and the blanket federal marijuana prohibition of the Controlled Substances Act ("CSA") has created a federalism crisis in which the duties of state officials to adhere to state or federal law is unclear. Current federalism doctrine cannot even tell us whether or not a local police officer who encounters a person in state-authorized possession of marijuana must arrest the person and seize the marijuana. The two most clearly applicable federalism doctrines -- the Tenth Amendment anti-commmandeering doctrine and the doctrine of federal preemption of state law under the Supremacy Clause" offer only unsatisfactory answers. Anti-commandeering doctrine is incapable of telling us whether a federally imposed duty to arrest and seize the marijuana possessor is impermissible commandeering, permissible "general applicability," or permissible preemption, let alone answer the more complex federalism questions posed by state marijuana legalization. Alternatively, a strong preemption approach, while capable of producing consistent results in theory, would entail the virtual abandonment of the anti-commandeering doctrine and of judicial enforcement of federalism more generally, while at the same time violating important premises of the "political safeguards of federalism" theory. The article argues that courts should pursue a middle path by applying a rigorous presumption against commandeering when considering the obligation of state officials to adhere to federal laws. This approach is faithful to consensus principles of federalism that should command the agreement of judges and academics on both sides of the judicial versus political safeguards of federalism debate. A presumption against commandeering, when applied to the CSA, requires that state officials be afforded broad latitude to enforce their states' legalization laws and have no compelled obligations to enforce federal law beyond a duty to refrain from active obstruction of federal officers. The extent of Congress's power to command state official compliance with the CSA can be considered if and when such an amendment to the CSA is under serious congressional consideration" something that may never occur given the current political trend.
From Graphs to Events: A Subgraph Matching Approach for Information Extraction from Biomedical Text

We participated in the BioNLP Shared Task 2011, addressing the GENIA event extraction (GE) and the Epigenetics and Post-translational Modifications (EPI) tasks. A graph-based approach is employed to automatically learn rules for detecting biological events in the life-science literature. The event rules are learned by identifying the key contextual dependencies from full syntactic parsing of annotated text. Event recognition is performed by searching for an isomorphism between event rules and the dependency graphs of sentences in the input texts. While we explored methods such as performance-based rule ranking to improve precision, we merged rules across multiple event types in order to increase recall. We achieved a 41.13% F-score in detecting events of nine types in the Task 1 of the GE task, and a 52.67% F-score in identifying events across fifteen types in the core task of the EPI task. Our performance on both tasks is comparable to the state-of-the-art systems. Our approach does not require any external domain-specific resources. The consistent performance on the two tasks supports the claim that the method generalizes well to extract events from different domains where training data is available.
Abstract 4856: Zinc-induced autophagy in prostate cancer cells is associated with cell death

Loss of cellular zinc accumulation is one of the characteristic features of prostate cancer, compared to the high zinc level in normal prostate epithelial cells. We previously demonstrated that zinc exposure induces apoptosis in human prostate malignant cells via a mitochondrial pathway in both in vitro and in vivo models, suggesting an important role of zinc homeostasis in growth control of prostate cancer. However, it remains unclear whether the apoptotic effect of zinc via the targeting of mitochondrial function is the only mechanism leading to growth inhibition in prostate cancer. Recent progress in autophagy indicates that this evolutionarily conserved catabolic process mediates the degradation of cellular components including damaged mitochondria and could promote either cell survival or cell death. The goal of this study was to ascertain the zinc effect on autophagy and its relationship to prostate cancer cell growth. Zinc induced autophagy was characterized in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells by Western blot analysis of LC-3, sub-cellular localization of ectopically expressed GFP-LC3, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were measured by fluorescence labeling and FACS analysis. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. Our results showed that zinc (15µM) significantly increased the conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II in a time-dependent manner (2.5 fold increase at 24 hrs), and induced the formation of punctuate GFP-LC3 structures in the cytoplasm as revealed by a fluorescence microscopy. Blockade of autophagy flux by inhibiting autolysosomal degradation using a thiol proteinase inhibitor, E-64d, greatly augmented zinc-induced LC3-II conversion. Electron microscopy observation revealed typical morphologic ultra-structures for autophagy including the formation of autophagosomes and autophagosome-related cytoplasmic structures. Inhibition of class III PI3K by 3-MA (3-methyladenine) attenuated zinc-induced autophagy and the cell death as quantified by MTT assay. Furthermore, zinc treatment led to a striking increase in ROS production and alteration in MMP, which were then abrogated by anti-oxidative N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) associated with a significant suppression of zinc-induced autophagy and cell death. Our data indicate that zinc exposure induces autophagy in prostate malignant cells and leads to autophagy-related cell death, which is most likely due to direct targeting of mitochondrial function by zinc. Thus, we have provided evidence that the inhibitory role of zinc in prostate cancer cell growth may operate through the convergence of apoptosis and autophagy pathways, both of which are downstream from mitochondrial stress signaling leading to nuclear degradation and cellular metabolic alteration. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4856.
Quality Management to Suppliers

With the mounting competition among enterprises,many enterprises has outsourced their non-core business. Products are not made by one enterprise alone but member enterprises of the supply chain.In this sense,quality management to suppliers is vital important.This article expounds on ways of choosing of and dynamic management to suppliers in a move to enhance enterprise quality management level and business performance.
Nurse ethical sensitivity An integrative review

Background:Ethical sensitivity has been identified as a foundational component of ethical action. Diminished or absent ethical sensitivity can result in ethically incongruent care, which is inconsistent with the professional obligations of nursing. As such, assessing ethical sensitivity is imperative in order to design interventions to facilitate ethical practice and to ensure nurses recognize the nature and extent of professional ethical obligations.Aim:To review and critique the state of the science of nurse ethical sensitivity and to synthesize findings across studies.Research design:Whittemore and Knafl’s revised framework for integrative reviews guided the analysis.Research context and data sources:A comprehensive, computer-assisted search of literature published in Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature and PubMed was performed. A systematic approach was used to extract, reduce, and synthesize the data.Findings:Four major conceptualizations of ethical sensitivity emerged from the l...
CE: Sexually Transmitted Infections in the United States: Overview and Update.

Overview: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are the most common infectious diseases in the United States. They have enormous human consequences, including severe reproductive complications, neonatal injury, and death; and because STIs are associated with social stigma, they also have substantial psychological impact. The economic consequences are also enormous: it's estimated that STIs cost the nation about $16 billion in annual health care costs. All communities are affected, although significant racial, ethnic, and other disparities persist. Nurses play a critical role in educating patients on STIs, screening for disease, and providing treatment. Nurses can also help minimize the impact of social stigma by providing informed, confidential, and sensitive care, and by promoting sexual health. This article provides an overview of the symptoms, screening methods, and treatment recommendations for the most common STIs in the United States and describes the most recent relevant findings in order to inform nursing practice.
Stress-Rupture of Simple S-Glass/Epoxy Composites*

The stress-rupture of S-glass/epoxy composites has been studied. A 40 ksi increase in stress reduces the life of an S-glass/epoxy composite by a factor of 10. An empirical extrapolation of 15,000 hours of testing implies that S-glass/epoxy composites can sustain an equivalent fiber stress of 200 ksi for 10 years. The S-glass/epoxy stress-rupture distributions from over 1300 tests are described by an exponential model and are related to the applied stress by a power law in time.
Section 9: On the Coexistence of Several Modes of Vibration in the Same Sounding Body

Many or all of the modes of vibration that can be produced separately can coexist in the same sounding body; therefore, by listening with enough attention, one hears the sounds that correspond to all of these types of vibration. To get an idea of the changes in the shape of the elastic body, one must not apply the curvature that corresponds to a mode of vibration to the original shape of the body, but to the curvatures that already exist in each moment due to the other modes of vibration. Such a coexistence of many types of vibrations and many sounds is not necessary, as some have claimed, because in every mode of vibration where there are nodes, one can, by touching them or by applying a mute, exclude all types of vibrations in which these points should be moving, and produce the desired motion, and the sound that corresponds to it, without mixing in others.
Comparison of lung shunt fraction (LSF) from pre-therapy 99mTc MAA and post-therapy quantitative 90Y imaging in microsphere (MS) radioembolization

104 Objectives Current 90Y MS protocols involve pre-therapy planar imaging of 99mTc macroaggregated albumin (MAA) to estimate the fraction of 90Y activity that will be shunted to the lungs. For glass MS, absorbed dose (AD) to the lungs must be Methods Patients (N=10) scheduled to receive 90Y glass MS treatment had a pre-therapy administration of 99mTc MAA and both planar and SPECT/CT imaging. Post-therapy imaging included previously-validated (by phantom, simulation and comparison with 90Y PET/CT) quantitative bremsstrahlung QBSPECT/CT. Planned AD to the treated volume was 120 Gy ± 1%, or lower if contraindicated by LSF analysis. Segmentation of liver/lungs was performed on planar MAA, co-registered SPECT/CT MAA and QBSPECT/CT images. LSFs and/or lung/liver activity concentration ratios were calculated for each patient from all 3 image datasets. Results Patients received from 0.85 to 5.3 GBq of 90Y glass MS. Mean LSFs were 13 ± 10, 8 ± 7 and 1 ± 2 %, and ranges were [1.6,23.5], [0.1,14.7] and [0,5.6] % for MAA planar, MAA SPECT and QBSPECT, respectively. Lungs/liver activity concentration ratios were at least 3 times lower in QBSPECT/CT than in 99mTc MAA SPECT/CT images for all patients. Conclusions Both MAA imaging methods, but particularly planar imaging, systematically overestimate the activity distribution of 90Y glass MS in the lungs as measured by QBSPECT/CT. Reasons for planar imaging inaccuracy may be organ overlapping, approximations in ROI drawing and photon attenuation in patient. Differences in SPECT images may be due to 99mTc/MAA dissociation and differences in MAA/MS size distribution. These data indicate that MAA SPECT/CT provides a more accurate measurement of LSF than planar imaging, and that exclusion criteria based on LSF estimated from planar MAA imaging should be revisited.
A systematic evaluation of nucleotide properties for CRISPR sgRNA design

CRISPR is a versatile gene editing tool which has revolutionized genetic research in the past few years. Optimizing sgRNA design to improve the efficiency of target/DNA cleavage is critical to ensure the success of CRISPR screens. By borrowing knowledge from oligonucleotide design and nucleosome occupancy models, we systematically evaluated candidate features computed from a number of nucleic acid, thermodynamic and secondary structure models on real CRISPR datasets. Our results showed that taking into account position-dependent dinucleotide features improved the design of effective sgRNAs with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) >0.8, and the inclusion of additional features offered marginal improvement (∼2% increase in AUC). Using a machine-learning approach, we proposed an accurate prediction model for sgRNA design efficiency. An R package predictSGRNA implementing the predictive model is available at http://www.ams.sunysb.edu/~pfkuan/softwares.html#predictsgrna .
Third‐generation bisphosphonates for cochlear otosclerosis stabilizes sensorineural hearing loss in long‐term follow‐up

Objective To assess long-term hearing outcomes in patients treated with third-generation bisphosphonates for otosclerosis-related progressive sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Study Design Retrospective case series review Methods We performed a retrospective case series review of patients with otosclerosis and progressive SNHL. Patients were treated with either risedronate or zoledronate after a diagnosis of otosclerosis with a significant SNHL component. Bone conduction pure tone threshold averages (BC-PTAs) and word recognition scores (WRS) before and after bisphosphonate administration in long-term follow-up was analyzed. Significant change in BC-PTA was defined as greater than 10dB or between 4% and 18% in WRS based on binomial variance. Results Seven patients were identified and 14 ears met inclusion criteria. Three patients were female and the mean age was 48.3 ± 10.3 years. The mean duration between treatment with bisphosphonate administration and long-term post-treatment follow-up audiometry was 87.6 ± 18.3 months, with a range of 61.6 to 109.1 months and median of 89.2 months. Analysis using BC-PTA and WRS demonstrated that 11 ears remained stable while 2 improved and 1 worsened. No patient experienced any major complication as the result of bisphosphonate therapy. Conclusion Treatment with third-generation bisphosphonates is associated with stability in otosclerosis-related sensorineural hearing over 5- to 9-year period. These results suggest that such medications may prevent the progression of SNHL in patients with otosclerosis. Level of Evidence 4 (Case series)
Dendritic Cell Markers and PD-L1 are Expressed in Mediastinal Gray Zone Lymphoma.

Aims Mediastinal gray zone lymphoma (MGZL) is a rare entity with morphologic, immunophenotypic, and genetic features intermediate between classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) and primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBL). It is challenging to differentiate from CHL and PMBL. A specific dendritic cell gene expression profile can distinguish CHL and MGZL from PMBL. We hypothesized that the dendritic markers fascin and CD123 may be helpful in distinguishing MGZL from CHL and PMBL. We also investigated programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in MGZL, which may have therapeutic significance in this difficulty to treat tumor. Methods Representative sections from 89 CHL, 20 PMBL, and 7 MGZL cases were stained for fascin, CD123, and PD-L1, and scored on a scale from 0 to 3+. Most (71%) MGZLs stained for CD123, as well as some (23%) CHLs, and few (11%) PMBLs. All MGZLs stained for fascin, as well as most (90%) CHLs, and approximately half (53%) of the PMBLs. PD-L1 was positive in all MGZLs, most (77%) CHLs and most (66%) PMBLs. Conclusions Our study is the first to show CD123 is positive in a subset of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded MGZLs and CHLs, in contrast to PMBL which is largely negative. Staining for fascin was not significantly different between the lymphomas, but was less likely to be positive in PMBL. These findings suggest a role for CD123 and fascin in supporting diagnoses of MGZL and CHL, and in ruling out PMBL. By immunohistochemistry, PD-L1 is positive in MGZL, pointing to its therapeutic potential.
Sensor operators as technology consumers: What do users really think about that radar?

Many companies rely on user experience metrics, such as Net Promoter scores, to monitor changes in customer attitudes toward their products. This paper suggests that similar metrics can be used to assess the user experience of the pilots and sensor operators who are tasked with using our radar, EO/IR, and other remote sensing technologies. As we have previously discussed, the problem of making our national security remote sensing systems useful, usable and adoptable is a human-system integration problem that does not get the sustained attention it deserves, particularly given the high- throughput, information-dense task environments common to military operations. In previous papers, we have demonstrated how engineering teams can adopt well-established human-computer interaction principles to fix significant usability problems in radar operational interfaces. In this paper, we describe how we are using a combination of Situation Awareness design methods, along with techniques from the consumer sector, to identify opportunities for improving human-system interactions. We explain why we believe that all stakeholders in remote sensing – including program managers, engineers, or operational users – can benefit from systematically incorporating some of these measures into the evaluation of our national security sensor systems. We will also provide examples of our own experience adapting consumer user experience metrics in operator-focused evaluation of currently deployed radar interfaces.
Microscopic Simulation Replicates the Capacity Drop Phenomenon

Abstract Microscopic simulation is used widely to analyze traffic networks. The outputs of such models, such as travel time and delay, depend in large part on the assumed parameter values. These parameters determine the traffic capacity, whose interpretation is not straightforward as the maximum discharge flow of a bottleneck in a freeway can be lower under congested conditions than in an uncongested situation. This phenomenon is often referred to as the capacity drop, and must be accurately portrayed by microsimulation models to simulate traffic properly for long periods of time. This is specifically problematic when the total demand is between the maximum congested and uncongested flow rates as travel times may potentially be over- or underestimated depending on prevailing traffic conditions. Here, we simulate traffic flow in a bottleneck with a combined car-following and lane-changing model and use data from the 405 freeway near Irvine, CA to calibrate the model parameters. The calibrated model tracks closely the observed data and predicts accurately the capacity drop phenomenon.
The Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Plain Radiographs Among Adolescents With Back Pain and Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Background: Low back pain (LBP) and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) are common pediatric diagnoses. The workup for these diagnoses can be highly variable and can use significant health care resources. There has been no analysis to date on the use of imaging for workup of AIS and/or LBP. Methods: The Humana Private Payer Database was queried for clinical and financial information for patients with AIS and/or LBP using International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9) for LBP and AIS. Current procedural terminology codes related to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and radiographs for the thoracolumbar spine were used to identify patients with LBP and/or AIS that used these diagnostic imaging modalities. Only patients ages 10 to 19 years were included in this analysis. Results: The total number of patients with AIS and LBP was 18 696 and 56 560, respectively. Thoracolumbar imaging was used within the workup for 71.76% and 45.53% of patients with AIS alone and LBP alone, respectively. MRI was used for 2.92% and 9.53% of patients with AIS alone and LBP alone, respectively. Radiographic imaging was used for 71.06% and 42.63% for AIS alone and LBP alone, respectively. There was minimal variation among regions in use of MRI for AIS. For patients with LBP, the diagnosis with the highest use of MRI was “sciatica” (29.07%). Patients with both LBP and AIS had statistically higher rates of imaging (91.04%), MRI (18.99%), and radiographs (89.71%). Among patients with an MRI, 20.87% never had a radiograph. Reimbursement per patient for radiographs was $164 and $239 for AIS and LBP, respectively. Reimbursement per patient for MRI was $1,263 and $1,882 for AIS and LBP, respectively. Conclusions: There is substantial use of both MRI and radiographs for adolescents with LBP and/or AIS. Clinicians should be aware of the impact these diagnostic tests have on the patient and the overall health care system.
Hiding Data in X-Ray Scanned Images Using Both Steganography & Cryptography Tecniques

The growth in medical field has led to the advancement of the paper data to the digital data. As the medical field is moving towards the digital world the security has become a major issue. To make the treatment fast and accurate the digital images are being introduced. The patient detail, patient disease, diagnosis etc. are being represented through the digital images. This research is about how the data is embedded in the medical scanned images using the combined approach of cryptography and steganography. The patient information and diagnosis both serves as the secret data. The algorithm keeps the diagnosis and the patient information helps to make the patient treatment accurate and fast.
Fatal Streptobacillus moniliformis infection in a two-month-old infant.

Streptobacillus moniliformis is an uncommon human pathogen contracted from exposure to rodents. It usually produces a mild, protracted illness (rat-bite fever, Haverhill fever, erythema arthriticum epidemicum) that has either a favorable response to antibiotic therapy or spontaneously resolves. This report de-scribes a fatal case of Streptobacillus moniliformis in an infant bitten by a wild rat. The autopsy findings included an interstitial pneumonia, fibrinous endocarditis, mild mononuclear meningitis, hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy, erythrophagocytosis, and sinusoidal mononuclear cell infiltrates in regional lymph nodes and the liver. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of the autopsy pathology findings of this agent.
Refusing Narratives: Functional Literacy and Determinism

The narrative of music education is both real and imaginary. Real, in that events happen and are recorded. These events, though, are filled with coexisting and contradictory possibilities, presenting conflicting versions. Consequently, in the process of choosing what to tell and how to tell our story, a moralising authority imposes an ordering, separating real from imaginary which tends to frame a solution and resolution. In this chapter the author investigates “narration sickness” in music education as one that presumes legitimacy to be that of the narrating subject of method and efficiency (functional literacy), of sequential layering, linear development (step-by-step repetition of events) and suggests that this discourse has not only tied music education to particular social functions, but has locked us into a fairy tale story that has a mythical origin, a middle, and, someday, a vague, and unarticulated, happy ending.
Molecular Mechanisms of Membrane Fusion

A crucial step in the trafficking of intracellular membranes is membrane fusion. Endocytotic vesicles or phagosomes form via fusion of the apposed exoplasmic leaflets of the invaginated plasma membrane. The endocytotic vesicles are then thought to fuse with endosomes. Later in the endocytotic pathway, endosomes and phagosomes eventually fuse with lysosomes, in a process involving the interaction and fusion of the cytoplasmic leaflets of their membranes. Following endocytosis, receptor-containing vesicles undergo a “fission” or “budding” process to facilitate the transport of receptors back to the plasma membrane. This budding involves the interaction and fusion of the membrane leaflets facing the lumen of the flaccid vesicle. Likewise, in the Golgi apparatus, transport vesicles are thought to bud off from one compartment and fuse with the next one along the cis, medial and trans regions of the organelle.
Military and Veteran Caregivers' Perspectives of Stressors and a Mind-Body Program.

There are over one million post-9/11 military caregivers in the United States who face a variety of stressors inherent to caring for an incapacitated loved one. Mind-body interventions, such as the...
Development of a suite of IPv6 vulnerability scanning tests using the TTCN-3 language

With the transition from IPv4 IPv6 protocol to improve network communications, there are concerns about devices and applications' security that must be dealt at the beginning of implementation or during its lifecycle. Automate the vulnerability assessment process reduces management overhead, enabling better management of risks and control of the vulnerabilities. Consequently, it reduces the effort needed for each test and it allows the increase of the frequency of application, improving time management to perform all the other complicated tasks necessary to support a secure network. There are several researchers involved in tests of vulnerability in IPv6 networks, exploiting addressing mechanisms, extension headers, fragmentation, tunnelling or dual-stack networks (using both IPv4 and IPv6 at the same time). Most existing tools use the programming languages C, Java, and Python instead of a language designed specifically to create a suite of tests, which reduces maintainability and extensibility of the tests. This paper presents a solution for IPv6 vulnerabilities scan tests, based on attack simulations, combining passive analysis (observing the manifestation of behaviours of the system under test) and an active one (stimulating the system to become symptomatic). Also, it describes a prototype that simulates and detects denial-of-service attacks on the ICMPv6 Protocol from IPv6. Also, a detailed report is created with the identified vulnerability and the possible existing solutions to mitigate such a gap, thus assisting the process of vulnerability management.
Liposomal Cytarabine-Daunorubicin (CPX-351) Extravasation: Case Report and Literature Review.

Background Liposomal formulation of anthracyclines provide better systemic and organ-specific tolerance, with potential for less local tissue damage during extravasation. Several small series have reported that most liposomal anthracycline extravasations are consistent with irritant injury without tissue necrosis. There have been no reports published regarding the clinical effects of extravasation of liposomal cytarabine-daunorubicin (CPX-351). Case report The patient received CPX-351 for relapsed acute myelogenous leukemia via a left chest wall port-a-catheter. The catheter became dislodged. Once symptoms developed, the infusion was discontinued, with observations demonstrating an 8-cm region of edema, warmth, no erythema, and no drainage. Limited supportive management was performed. Physical examination the following day demonstrated no evidence of necrosis, and erythema resolved completely without additional intervention. Conclusion CPX-351 extravasation behaving as an irritant is consistent with the reports of other liposomal anthracyclines.
Race/Ethnicity, Perceived Skin Color, and the Likelihood of Adult Arrest.

Research has long-documented racial/ethnic disparities in criminal justice outcomes. However, despite race/ethnicity being a multidimensional social construct, prior research largely relies on self...
Patient-Provider Sexually Transmitted Infection Prevention Communication among Young Adult Sexual Minority Cisgender Women and Nonbinary Assigned Female at Birth Individuals.

Abstract Background Health care providers are an important source of sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention information for young adult sexual minority women (SMW). However, very few studies have described patient–provider STI communication in this understudied and underserved population. We explore sexual minority women's experiences communicating with health care providers about sexual health, with particular attention to STI prevention, to inform programs and practices that address their unique needs and concerns. Methods We conducted 29 in-depth interviews with sexual minority cisgender women and nonbinary assigned female at birth (AFAB) individuals aged 18–36 years. The sample included White (55%), Asian (31%), Black (17.2%), and Latina (3.4%) participants. We used thematic analysis with deductive and inductive coding to identify themes related to patient–provider STI prevention communication. Results Heteronormative health care provider assumptions inhibited participants' willingness to disclose their sexual orientation and discuss sexual health issues with providers. Most sexual health conversations focused on pregnancy and contraception, which many felt was irrelevant to them, and limited STI prevention recommendations to condom use. Participants reported that some providers lacked medical knowledge on AFAB-to-AFAB STI transmission and were not able to provide relevant STI prevention information. Providers' bias related to gender identity and race/ethnicity furthered some participants' mistrust generated from providers’ heteronormative assumptions. Conclusions Our study describes several barriers that AFAB sexual minorities felt inhibited their patient–provider sexual health communication. Interventions are needed to improve patient–provider STI prevention conversations with AFAB sexual minorities so they can access the sexual health information they need to effectively protect themselves from STIs.
Treatment Options for Agitation in Dementia.

The goal of the current review is to provide an update on the management of agitation in persons with dementia with a focus on pharmacological management of persons with Alzheimer’s disease. As consistently effective and safe pharmacologic interventions are still lacking, identifying and addressing medical and environmental precipitants remain a priority. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and memantine should be initiated to enhance cognition, and if present, management of insomnia or sundowning with trazodone is indicated. If agitation persists, treatment with citalopram can be initiated with attention paid to potential prolongation of the QT interval. Treatment with low doses of atypical antipsychotics such as risperidone or quetiapine can be effective after appropriate consideration of and disclosure of potential adverse effects. In light of the lack of consistently effective treatments for agitation in dementia, there have been renewed efforts to define the condition and improve the design of trials of medications to treat it. Considering the heterogeneity of patients and their comorbidities as well as the specific nature of their “agitation”, there is no “one-size fits all” approach to agitation in AD. However, many options exist that can be prudently pursued for this common problem in this delicate population.
Reduced surface adsorption in 3D printed acrylonitrile butadiene styrene micro free‐flow electrophoresis devices

We have 3D printed and fabricated micro free-flow electrophoresis (µFFE) devices in acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) that exhibit minimal surface adsorption without requiring additional surface coatings or specialized buffer additives. 2D, nano LC-micro free flow electrophoresis (2D nLC × µFFE) separations were used to assess both spatial and temporal broadening as peaks eluted through the separation channel. Minimal broadening due to wall adsorption was observed in either the spatial or temporal dimensions during separations of rhodamine 110, rhodamine 123, and fluorescein. Surface adsorption was observed in separations of Chromeo P503 labeled myoglobin and cytochrome c but was significantly reduced compared to previously reported glass devices. Peak widths of 20 min. A 2D nLC × µFFE separation of a Chromeo P503 labeled tryptic digest of BSA was performed to demonstrate the high peak capacity possible due to the low surface adsorption in the 3D printed ABS devices, even in the absence of surface coatings or buffer additives.