cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A blood factor, possibly new, detected by extracts of Arachis hypogaea.

Summary Saline extracts of the common peanut (Arachis hypogaea) agglutinate the albumin-suspended erythrocytes of certain individuals and do not affect others. Determination of the reactions with the cells of a panel of donors of known blood group suggests that the agglutinogen detected is not identical with A, B, H, M, N, S, s, P, C, D, E, c, e, V, Lua, Lub, K, k, Lea, Leb, Fya, Fyb, Jka, Jkb, or Js. The agglutinin in the extracts is not removed by absorption with positively reacting erythrocytes, but can be specifically inhibited by certain carbohydrates. Two extracts displayed a distinct tendency to react with most A, B, and AB bloods, but the majority did not. The anti-A, B activity of these atypical extracts could be neutralized by the addition of blood group A substance. Resume Des extraits salins de l'arachide commune (Arachis hypogaea) agglutinent en milieu albumineux des erythrocytes de certains individus et n'agissent pas sur les erythrocytes de certains autres. Des reactions pratiquees avec des erythrocytes-test provenant de donneurs dont les antigenes erythrocytaires sont connus laissent supposer que l'agglutinogene mis en evidence n'est pas identique aux antigenes A, B, H, M, N, S, s, P, C, D, E, c, e, V, Lua, Lub, k, K, Lea, Leb, Fya, Fyb, Jka, Jkb ou Js. Des erythrocytes donnant une reaction positive avec l'extrait n'absorbent pas l'agglutinine; celle-ci, par contre, peut etre inhibee specifiquement par certains hydrates de carbone. Parmi les extraits fabriques, deux preparations ont presente la propriete d'agir selectivement sur les sangs A, B et AB. L'activite anti-A et anti-B de ces extraits atypiques a pu etre neutralisee par l'adjonction de substances de groupes A. Zusammenfassung Kochsalzextrakte der gewohnlichen Erdnus (Arachis hypogaea) enthalten ein Agglutinin, welches im Albuminmilieu die Erythrozyten gewisser Individuen agglutiniert und diejenigen anderer Individuen unbeeinflust last. An Hand der Untersuchung von Erythrozyten mit bekannter Antigenstruktur gelang es zu zeigen, das dieses Agglutinin mit einem Agglutinogen reagiert, welches niche identisch ist mit den folgenden Blutgruppenantigenen: A, B, H, M, N, S, s, P, C, D, E, c, e, V, Lua, Lub, K, k, Lea, Leb, Fya, Fyb, Jka, Jkb oder Js. Es gelingt nicht, dieses Agglutinin durch Absorption mit positiv reagierenden Erythrozyten aus den Extrakten zu entfernen. Es gelingt hingegen, diese Reaktion mit bestimmten Kohlenhydraten zu unterdrucken. Zwei Extrakte reagierten mit der Mehrzahl der untersuchten A-, B- und AB-Blutproben; diese Reaktion blieb nach Zugabe von geloster A-Substanz zu den Extrakten aus.
Mycobacterium marinum with different responses to second-generation tetracyclines.

Background Persistent cutaneous infections with Mycobacterium marinum can follow exposure of injured skin to contaminated water or fish, and can be treated with second-generation tetracyclines in addition to other antimicrobials. Due to the rarity of this infection, there are few data comparing the different treatment alternatives. Methods We report a patient with culture-proven M. marinum who was treated with two different second-generation tetracyclines. Results Our patient failed a 4-week trial of doxycycline, but responded rapidly to minocycline. Conclusion This case suggests that, despite a similar mechanism, pharmacokinetics, and even sensitivity, these two agents may differ in their effectiveness against strains of M. marinum.
Estimates of Weighted Integrals for Differential Forms

In this paper we obtain some weighted integral estimates for differential forms which are generalizations of the Poincare inequality, the Caccioppoli-type estimate, and the weak reverse Holder inequality, respectively. These results can be used to study the integrability of differential forms and to estimate the integrals for differential forms.
On a degenerate parabolic system

Abstract In this paper we study a degenerate parabolic system U t − Δ ( | U | m − 1 U ) = 0 , where U ( x , t ) = ( u 1 , u 2 , … , u l ) is a vector function and m > 1 . The system can be derived from a time-dependent p -curl system which describes Bean's critical-state model in the superconductivity theory. It is shown that the degenerate system has a unique global solution. Moreover, it is shown that the weak solution is continuous and the modulus of continuity depends only on known data.
An empirical approach to the statistical analysis of mutagenesis data from the Salmonella test

A number of recent papers have suggested basing the statistical analysis of Salmonella (Ames) mutagenicity test results on a mathematical model of the complete dose-response curve. For most mutagens at low doses the curve increases linearly; then, as the dose increases, the curve may flatten and finally turn downwards due primarily to effects of toxicity. The exact mechanism underlying this shape is, however, not well understood and is likely to vary for different chemicals. A different approach is to assume that the initial part of the curve is linear and to base the statistical analysis solely on this region, reasoning that it contains most of the interpretable information about the mutagenesis dose response. In this paper a formal method of deciding which points are on the initial linear part of the curve is described, and a statistical method is proposed for analyzing these points. Computer simulations are used to examine the properties of the procedure and comparisons are made with a previously proposed mathematical model of the whole curve. It is concluded that the method suggested here provides a very satisfactory, robust method for the standard analysis of Salmonella data.
480/240 Volts for Farmstead Electrical Systems

A number of practices have been used to improve voltage regulation of electrical systems and equipment performance on farms. An increase of secondary voltages from 240/120 to 480/240 V would provide an even greater improvement and substantially reduce costs of secondary services for large installations. Farmsteads with large loads, long feeders and branch circuits, and those with scattered utilization points will receive the greatest benefits from higher farmstead voltages. Conductors, service equipment, and many utilization devices are commercially available for 480/240 V. Several types of three-phase and single-phase systems may be used with the higher voltage secondary system. Dry-type transformers would allow operation of present utilization devices requiring 240/120 V.
Granular cell myoblastoma of the trachea.

Granular cell myoblastoma is a benign tumor of mesenchymal cells related to nervous tissue. The head and neck region is often involved. An endo tracheal lesion is discovered in a six year old girl with intermittent wheezing, pneumonia and a histologically similar subcutaneous tumor.
Call-Routing Schemes for Call-Center Outsourcing

Companies may choose to outsource parts, but not all, of their call-center operations. In some cases, they classify customers as high or low value, serving the former with their in-house operations and routing the latter to an outsourcer. Typically, they impose service-level constraints on the time each type of customer waits on hold. This paper considers four schemes for routing low-value calls between the client company and the outsourcer. These schemes vary in the complexity of their routing algorithms, as well as the sophistication of the telephone and information technology infrastructure they require of the two operations. For three of these schemes, this paper provides a direct characterization of system performance. For the fourth, most complex, scheme the paper provides performance bounds for the important special case in which the service requirements of high- and low-value callers are the same. These results allow the systematic comparison of the performance of the various routing schemes. The results suggest that, for clients with large outsourcing requirements, the simpler schemes that require little client-outsourcer coordination can perform very well.
Effects of fibers on the glass transition temperature of polyphenylene sulfide composites

The glass transition temperature (Tg) of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), and of several commercial and model PPS prepregs with aramid, carbon, and glass fibers was studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry. The Tg of unreinforced PPS was found to range between 83–90°C, depending on source and molecular weight. The Tg of the commercial prepregs was depressed by about 3–5°C from that of the corresponding unfilled PPS, an effect that was ascribed to the plasticization of the PPS by one or more components of the fiber finish (size) that was assumed to have diffused into the PPS polymer. In the case of model prepregs prepared with finish-free reinforcing fibers, an expected increase in Tg was observed. In model prepregs prepared with finished (sized) aramid fibers, the Tg was depressed as in the case of the commercial prepregs. With sized AS-4 carbon fibers, the Tg was increased, but significantly less so than with unsized AS-4 fibers. With sized glass fibers, the same slight increase in Tg was observed as with unsized glass fibers. The increase or decrease of Tg in all cases was a function of the fiber content in the model PPS prepregs.
Photopolymerization of multilaminated poly(HEMA) hydrogels for controlled release

A novel approach to immobilize nonuniform initial drug concentration profiles in multilaminated matrix devices utilizing photopolymerization techniques is presented. Solution polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and diethylene glycol dimethacrylate (DEGDMA) in the presence of a model compound, acid orange 8 (AO8), was conducted using UV light and photoinitiators to construct a laminated matrix device. In this process, each layer was polymerized with a different AO8 concentration to form a nonuniform initial concentration profile in the matrix devices. The AO8 diffusion coefficients measured in this work were used in a concurrently developed model to predict the effects of nonuniform AO8 concentration profiles on AO8 release patterns. The release data predicted by the model agreed well with the experimentally determined data. The results indicate that a zero-order release pattern can be approximated by employing a suitable nonuniform initial drug concentration profile.
The growth of partnerships to support patient safety practice adoption.

Objectives To document the numbers and types of interorganizational partnerships within the national patient safety domain, changes over time in these networks, and their potential for disseminating patient safety knowledge and practices.
One-dimensional Schrödinger operators with random potentials: A survey

We present and discuss recent results on the spectral properties of random Schrodinger operators. This survey paper deals only with the one-dimensional case. The explanation for this restriction has to be found in the efficiency of the combination of the theory of ordinary differential equations (ODE for short) and of the classical theory of stochastic processes and in the fact that most of the literature concerns this case.
Effects of Vestibular Prosthesis Electrode Implantation and Stimulation on Hearing in Rhesus Monkeys

Abstract To investigate the effects of vestibular prosthesis electrode implantation and activation on hearing in rhesus monkeys, we measured auditory brainstem responses (ABR) and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) in four rhesus monkeys before and after unilateral implantation of vestibular prosthesis electrodes in each of 3 left semicircular canals (SCC). Each of the 3 left SCCs were implanted with electrodes via a transmastoid approach. Right ears, which served as controls, were not surgically manipulated. Hearing tests were conducted before implantation (BI) and then 4 weeks post-implantation both without electrical stimulation (NS) and with electrical stimulation (S). During the latter condition, prosthetic electrical stimuli encoding 3 dimensions of head angular velocity were delivered to the 3 ampullary branches of the left vestibular nerve via each of 3 electrode pairs of a multichannel vestibular prosthesis. Electrical stimuli comprised charge-balanced biphasic pulses at a baseline rate of 94 pulses/s, with pulse frequency modulated from 48 to 222 pulses/s by head angular velocity. ABR hearing thresholds to clicks and tone pips at 1, 2, and 4 kHz increased by 5–10 dB from BI to NS and increased another ∼5 dB from NS to S in implanted ears. No significant change was seen in right ears. DPOAE amplitudes decreased by 2–14 dB from BI to NS in implanted ears. There was a slight but insignificant decrease of DPOAE amplitude and a corresponding increase of DPOAE/Noise floor ratio between NS and S in implanted ears. Vestibular prosthesis electrode implantation and activation have small but measurable effects on hearing in rhesus monkeys. Coupled with the clinical observation that patients with cochlear implants only rarely exhibit signs of vestibular injury or spurious vestibular nerve stimulation, these results suggest that although implantation and activation of multichannel vestibular prosthesis electrodes in human will carry a risk of hearing loss, that loss is not likely to be severe.
A g beyond Homo sapiens? Some hints and suggestions

Abstract This article proposes that a complete account of cognitive evolution may have to accommodate a domain-general source of variance in mental abilities accounting for differences among primate taxa. Deaner, van Schaik, and Johnson [Deaner, R.O., van Schaik, C.P. and Johnson, V.E. (2006). Do some taxa have better domain-general cognition than others? A meta-analysis. Evolutionary Psychology , 4 , 149–196.], in a meta-analysis of experiments testing the performance of different primate genera on various cognitive tasks, found a good fit to a model where the different genera differ along a single dimension of domain-general mental ability. Moreover, the examination of the literature undertaken in this article shows that the rank of a genus on this dimension predicts its brain size, recency of common ancestry with man, and life history strategy. The molecular evolution within the primate order of genes implicated in brain size coincides with this pattern and thus provides some support for the phylogenetic inference that there has been directional selection for general cognitive ability in the lineage leading to Homo sapiens . Taken as a whole, these data suggest a generality of g (or something like it) even wider than has been supposed.
Effects of aberrations on image reconstruction of data from hybrid intensity interferometers

Intensity interferometery (II) holds tremendous potential for remote sensing of space objects. We investigate the properties of a hybrid intensity interferometer concept where information from an II is fused with information from a traditional imaging telescope. Although not an imager, hybrid intensity interferometery measurements can be used to reconstruct an image. In previous work we investigated the effects of poor SNR on this image formation process. In this work, we go beyond the obviously deleterious effects of SNR, to investigate reconstructed image quality as a function of the chosen support constraint, and the resultant image quality issues. The benefits to fusion of assumed perfect-yet-partial a priori information with traditional intensity interferometery measurements are explored and shown to result in increased sensitivity and improved reconstructed-image quality.
Spin-wave theory of the quantum antiferromagnet with unbroken sublattice symmetry

We discuss the properties of spin-wave theory of quantum antiferromagnets with an additional constraint that restores the sublattice symmetry. Our treatment is analogous to Takahashi's recent theory of low-dimensional ferromagnets, and closely related to the Schwinger boson theory of Arovas and Auerbach. We obtain exact results for spin-spin correlations of 2, 4, and 8 spins in a singlet state, and exceedingly close agreement with exact results for S=(1/2 in a variety of other cases. The implication for the long-range order of the d=2, S=(1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet is discussed.
Youth and democracy: Participation for personal, relational, and collective well‐being

PERSONAL, RELATIONAL, AND COLLECTIVE WELL-BEING Various traditions within developmental science and psychology have concentrated on either personal or collective correlates as manifestations of well-being. Our claim is that the well-being of any one person is highly dependent on the well-being of her relationships and on the community in which she resides ~Nelson & Prilleltensky, 2005; Prilleltensky, Nelson, & Peirson, 2001!. Well-being may be defined as a positive state of affairs in which the personal, relational, and collective needs and aspirations of individuals and communities are fulfilled. Well-being refers to a satisfactory state of affairs for individual youth and communities that encompass more than the absence of risk. Our definition of well-being is in line with comprehensive conceptualizations of health promotion and youth development that emphasize the values of selfdetermination, participation, community capacity-building, structural determinants, and social justice ~Lerner, 2004!. In this article, we introduce a framework for understanding well-being in general and the well-being of youth in particular. In addition, we offer a model for analyzing interventions designed to promote personal and collective well-being. Finally, we discuss the contributions of the authors of this special issue to our analytical and intervention frameworks. We start by introducing a framework of well-being ~Prilleltensky & Prilleltensky, 2006!. We distinguish among sites, signs, sources, and strategies of well-being for youth and for society at large. These are the parts that comprise the whole of well-being.
The Pseudoscience of Single-Sex Schooling

In attempting to improve schools, it is critical to remember that not all reforms lead to meaningful gains for students. We argue that one change in particular—sex-segregated education—is deeply misguided, and often justified by weak, cherry-picked, or misconstrued scientific claims rather than by valid scientific evidence. There is no well-designed research showing that single-sex (SS) education improves students' academic performance, but there is evidence that sex segregation increases gender stereotyping and legitimizes institutional sexism.
FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF ARABIC STUDIES, CORDOBA, SPAIN, SEPTEMBER, 1962

Traveling in quest of knowledge is absolutely necessary for the acquisition of useful knowledge and perfection through meeting authoritative teachers and having contact with scholars.1
Achieving energy efficiency during collective communications

Energy consumption has become a major design constraint in modern computing systems. With the advent of petaflops architectures, power-efficient software stacks have become imperative for scalability. Techniques such as dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (called DVFS) and CPU clock modulation (called throttling) are often used to reduce the power consumption of the compute nodes. To avoid significant performance losses, these techniques should be used judiciously during parallel application execution. For example, its communication phases may be good candidates to apply the DVFS and CPU throttling without incurring a considerable performance loss. They are often considered as indivisible operations although little attention is being devoted to the energy saving potential of their algorithmic steps. In this work, two important collective communication operations, all-to-all and allgather, are investigated as to their augmentation with energy saving strategies on the per-call basis. The experiments prove the viability of such a fine-grain approach. They also validate a theoretical power consumption estimate for multicore nodes proposed here. While keeping the performance loss low, the obtained energy savings were always significantly higher than those achieved when DVFS or throttling were switched on across the entire application run
State estimation algorithm considering effects of model inaccuracies

To consider model inaccuracies, existing state estimation approaches augment the state vector by adding the suspicious model parameters. In this paper, the extended least squares estimation approach is applied to design a more general state estimation algorithm for considering power network model errors, without adding the uncertain model parameters to the state vector. Preliminary studies have demonstrated that the method may enhance estimation accuracy when model errors exist.
Individual and Coupled Effects of Echinoderm Extracts and Surface Hydrophobicity on Spore Settlement and Germination in the Brown Alga Hincksia irregularis

Marine substrata possess cues that influence the behavior of fouling organisms. Initial adhesion of fouling algal zoospores to surfaces is also theorized to depend primarily upon interactions between substrata and spore cell bodies and flagellar membranes. In an effort to identify cues and surface characteristics that influence spore settlement and early development, the effects of bioactive echinoderm extracts, surface charge, and surface hydrophobicity were examined individually and in tandem on zoospore settlement and germination in Hincksia irregularis. Experiments utilizing 96-well plastic culture plates confirmed that spore settlement and germination were significantly affected by surface charge and hydrophobicity as well as by echinoderm metabolites, both individually and in tandem. Spore settlement rates in the dark over 30 min were > 400% higher on hydrophobic surfaces than on positively and negatively charged surfaces. Spore germling numbers were > 300% higher on hydrophobic surfaces than on positively and negatively charged surfaces when spores were allowed to settle in the light for 30 min and the settled spores allowed to subsequently germinate for 24 h. Spore germling numbers were consistently > 25% higher on hydrophobic surfaces than on positively and negatively charged surfaces when equal numbers of spores were allowed to completely settle in the light and subsequently germinate for 24 h. H. irregularis germ tube lengths were also significantly longer on positively charged plates than on negatively charged plates. All echinoderm extracts tested had significant effects on germination and settlement at levels below those of estimated ecological concentrations. Short-term (30 min) exposure and subsequent germination experiments indicated that higher concentrations of extracts had rapid toxic effects on algal spores. Synchronous effects of echinoderm extracts and plate charge upon spore settlement varied considerably and did not show a strong dose response relationship. Long-term (24 h) exposure of spores to echinoderm extracts had dosage dependent effects on germination and spore survival. The results of this study indicate that H. irregularis spores possess the capacity for complex responses to their environment, utilizing combined cues of surface charge, surface energy and biochemistry to determine where to settle and germinate. These responses may aid spores in the detection of suitable substrata and conditions for settlement in the marine environment.
The Maize Floury1 Gene Encodes a Novel Endoplasmic Reticulum Protein Involved in Zein Protein Body Formation

The maize (Zea mays) floury1 (fl1) mutant was first reported almost 100 years ago, but its molecular identity has remained unknown. We report the cloning of Fl1, which encodes a novel zein protein body membrane protein with three predicted transmembrane domains and a C-terminal plant-specific domain of unknown function (DUF593). In wild-type endosperm, the FL1 protein accumulates at a high level during the period of zein synthesis and protein body development and declines to a low level at kernel maturity. Immunogold labeling showed that FL1 resides in the endoplasmic reticulum surrounding the protein body. Zein protein bodies in fl1 mutants are of normal size, shape, and abundance. However, mutant protein bodies ectopically accumulate 22-kD α-zeins in the γ-zein–rich periphery and center of the core, rather than their normal discrete location in a ring at outer edge of the core. The 19-kD α-zein is uniformly distributed throughout the core in wild-type protein bodies, and this distribution is unaffected in fl1 mutants. Pairwise yeast two-hybrid experiments showed that FL1 DUF593 interacts with the 22-kD α-zein. Results of these studies suggest that FL1 participates in protein body formation by facilitating the localization of 22-kD α-zein and that this is essential for the formation of vitreous endosperm.
Advisory Systems to Support Decision Making

Both advisory systems and expert systems provide expertise to support decision making in a myriad of domains. Expert systems are used to solve problems in well defined, narrowly focused problem domains, whereas advisory systems are designed to support decision making in more unstructured situations which have no single correct answer. This paper provides an overview of advisory systems, which includes the organizational needs that they address, similarities and differences between expert and advisory systems, and the supportive role advisory systems play in unstructured decision making.
Facial attractiveness, developmental stability, and fluctuating asymmetry.

Abstract Despite robust cross-cultural reliability of human facial attractiveness ratings, research on facial attractiveness has only superficially addressed the connection between facial attractiveness and the history of sexual selection in Homo sapiens . There are reasons to believe that developmental stability and phenotypic quality are related. Recent studies of nonhuman animals indicate that developmental stability, measured as fluctuating asymmetry in generally bilateral symmetrical traits, is predictive of performance in sexual selection: Relatively symmetrical males are advantaged under sexual selection. This pattern is suggested by our study of facial attractiveness and fluctuating asymmetry in seven bilateral body traits in a student population. Overall, facial attractiveness negatively correlated with fluctuating asymmetry; the relation for men, but not for women, was statistically reliable. Possible confounding factors were controlled for in the analysis.
Mutual phase-locking in Josephson junction arrays

Abstract We discuss mutual phase locking of Josephson oscillations in an array of Josephson junctions. The discussion is focussed on phase locking due to electromagnetic coupling. The theoretical analysis is based on a secular-term free perturbative solution of the resistively shunted junction model. Detailed experimental results on phase locking of two coupled micro-bridges are presented. The perturbation analysis provides a complete qualitative description of the experimental results, including the effects of fluctuations on phase locking and the oscillation linewidth. Measurements have also been made on linear arrays of up to 100 junctions. The observed increase in the radiated power (as N2) and the decrease in the radiation linewidth (as N−1) are all in agreement with the theory. Optimized arrays suitable for use as either microwave and millimeter wave radiation sources or as mixers are discussed. The properties of the arrays are found to solve various problems associated with the use of single junctions as mixers, such as excess noise temperature, limited dynamic range and low sensitivity for narrow band signals.
Proton NMR observation of glycogen in vivo

Our previous solution studies of the proton relaxation properties of glycogen H1 have shown significant dipolar cross-relaxation with intra-ring H2 and inter-ring H4' protons characterized by a correlation time tau c = 2.7 x 10(-9) s. This leads to a significant negative Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement (NOE) of glycogen H1 following either transient or steady state perturbations of the longitudinal magnetization of dipolar coupled protons, especially H2 and H4'. Here we use the NOE to edit selectively the H1 resonance of glycogen in the rat liver in vivo using a surface coil probe. The approach shows the possibility of measuring glycogen in vivo with high sensitivity using 1H NMR.
Differential dispersal and female-biased sex allocation in a parasitic wasp.

1. Differential dispersal of males and females from a population is predicted to result in biased sex-allocation decisions, even in the absence of sibmating. 2. Mated Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) females produce distinctly female-biased sex ratios (≈ 30% male), yet sibmating is not a feature of the mating biology of this species. Therefore the dispersal behaviour of male and female B. hebetor from caged subpopulations was examined. 3. A higher proportion of females than males dispersed from the caged subpopulations. Furthermore, females dispersed earlier than males. This suggests that the level of competition for mates experienced by males is higher than the level of competition for hosts experienced by sisters. 4. Roughly half of the dispersing females left after they had mated. Females generally mate once in their lifetimes, suggesting that competition between brothers for mates may be high.
A DNA-based, biomolecular cryptography design

Recent research has focused on DNA as a medium for ultra-scale computation and for ultra-compact information storage. Unlike using the conventional electronic means to encode data, we propose a novel design of DNA-based, molecular cryptography design in this paper. Due to the random nature of DNA, we can make our cryptography in principle unbreakable. Carbon nanotube-based message transformation, and DNA-based cryptosystem are proposed. To demonstrate the performance, we present an interesting example to encode and decode images using the proposed scheme.
Integrating mindfulness into school-based substance use and other prevention programs.

The majority of school-based prevention programs— whether for prevention of substance use, conduct problems, obesity, or bullying—focus on behavioral skills training. Arguably this training has its...
Zur Frage nach der Abhängigkeit der Entwicklung des Kiefernschwärmers Sphinx pinastri L. von Temperatur und Luftfeuchtigkeit

Schlus, Zusammenfassung der Ergebnisse. 1. Die Sterblichkeit der Kiefernschwarmerraupen ist in allen fur das Freiland in Frage kommenden Temperatur- und Luftfeuchtigkeitsstufen gleich Null. 2. Bei der Entwicklungsgeschwindigkeit der Raupen des Kiefernschwarmers fallt die grose Unabhangigkeit von Temperatureinflussen innerhalb weiter Grenzen auf. Diese Unabhangigkeit der Entwicklungsgeschwindigkeit steht in Ubereinstimmung mit der Ungebundenheit der Uberlebensfahigkeit an Temperatureinflusse. 3. Im Puppenstadium war noch uber die im Freien in Frage kommenden Temperatur- und Feuchtigkeitsbereiche hinaus ein Sterbefall nicht zu verzeichnen. 4. Bezuglich der Entwicklung der Puppen sind zwei Haupttypen zu unterscheiden: einmal kann durch hohe Temperatur das sofortige Schlupfen kurz nach der Verpuppung veranlast werden, andererseits fuhrt hohe Temperatur nur allmahlich zu vorzeitiger Imaginalreife nach etwa 5 Monaten. Dabei handelt es sich im zweiten Fall durchaus nicht um eine Entwicklungsbeschleunigung, wenn man die Entwicklungsdauer der Temperatursumme gegenuberstellt, sondern vielmehr unter diesem Gesichtspunkte um eine Entwicklungsverzogerung. 5. In besonders warmen Gegenden sind theoretisch nach den Ergebnissen der Laboruntersuchungen 2 Generationen moglich. Die Temperatur der Umgebung von Munchen reichte 1934 hierzu nicht aus. 6. Die Konstanz der Populationsdichte des Kiefernschwarmers erklart sich aus der weitgehenden Unabhangigkeit der Art von den inkonstanten Witterungsfaktoren. 7. Die geringe Dichte der Population wird durch das konstant einwirkende Gegengewicht der Parasiten erklart. 8. Sphinx pinastri L. ist ein Beispiel dafur wie klimatisch indifferente Arten ausschlieslich durch biotische Faktoren niedergehalten werden, im Gegensatz zu den klimatisch sensiblen Arten, welche das Hauptkontingent der Grosschadlinge stellen.
Nonlinear Elastic In-Plane Buckling of Shallow Truss Arches

Abstract The available analytical methods for determining the buckling resistance of trusses typically focus on the local load capacity of individual elements and ignore global in-plane buckling behavior. In addition, theoretical expressions that describe the in-plane critical buckling load of shallow arches do not account for trusses or nonsolid cross sections. This paper investigates the nonlinear elastic in-plane buckling behavior of shallow truss arches subjected to a uniformly distributed gravity load. Adapted methods for calculating the equivalent moment of inertia and equivalent area of truss cross sections are presented first. Using these equivalent geometric properties and existing analytical expressions, a novel methodology is then presented for generating an equivalent arch model that accurately predicts the critical nonlinear elastic in-plane buckling behavior of shallow truss arches. This methodology is validated by obtaining close agreement between the nonlinear elastic critical buckling fac...
The use of herbal medications and dietary supplements by people with mental illness.

This study examined the relationship between herbal medication and dietary supplement (HMDS) use and mental health characteristics. Data are drawn from a national household survey of the United States’ civilian, non-institutionalized population (N = 9,585). Psychiatric medication and HMDS use, psychiatric diagnoses and treatment needs, utilization and satisfaction were assessed. Compared to non-users, HMDS users were more likely to perceive themselves as having mental health needs, to have received mental health and primary care treatment, and to be dissatisfied with their overall healthcare. Psychiatric medication use was not related to HMDS use, and in multivariate analyses, HMDS use was associated with perceived mental health needs. Differences in use of specific HMDS between those with and without a psychiatric disorder were also examined. The use of HMDS warrants particular attention in persons with perceived mental health problems as these individuals may be turning to HMDS use for treatment of their symptoms.
Temporally consistent multi-class video-object segmentation with the Video Graph-Shifts algorithm

We present the Video Graph-Shifts (VGS) approach for efficiently incorporating temporal consistency into MRF energy minimization for multi-class video object segmentation. In contrast to previous methods, our dynamic temporal links avoid the computational overhead of using a fully connected spatiotemporal MRF, while still being able to deal with the uncertainties of the exact inter-frame pixel correspondence issues. The dynamic temporal links are initialized flexibly for balancing between speed and accuracy, and are automatically revised whenever a label change (shift) occurs during the energy minimization process. We show in the benchmark CamVid database and our own wintry driving dataset that VGS improves the issue of temporally inconsistent segmentation effectively-enhancements of up to 5% to 10% for those semantic classes with high intra-class variance. Furthermore, VGS processes each frame at pixel resolution in about one second, which provides a practical way of modeling complex probabilistic relationships in videos and solving it in near real-time.
Black Women in Political Science: A Roundtable

We would like the roundtable to focus on on how Black women balance the profession and our daily lives (finding time for ourselves, intimate relationships, family, children, etc.) would be beneficial for women. As Zora Neale Hurston articulated, Black women are the mules of the earth – and I'd like the roundtable to speak to this position. Connecting women in this kind of mentorship role vis-a-vis a panel to candidly talk about our experiences, offer advice, and real world answers to practical issues that Black women face in the academy would be the focus of the panel.
Ischemia-reperfusion injury of the retina is linked to necroptosis via the ERK1/2-RIP3 pathway.

Purpose Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is involved in the pathology of many retinal disorders since it contributes to the death of retinal neurons and the subsequent decline in vision. We determined the molecular patterns of some of the principal molecules involved in necroptosis and investigated whether IR retinal injury is associated with the extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2- receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (ERK1/2-RIP3) pathway.
An Experimental Study of the Dynamics of Contact Lines

We have studied the dynamics of contact lines formed by water-alkane interfaces in capillaries with random surface disorder. We find that the contact-line velocity V scales with the applied capillary pressure P as V ~ (P − Pt)ζ over two decades in V. This is consistent with a critical depinning transition. We obtain this result by using a sensitive ac differential-pressure measurement technique to measure dP/dV. We find that dP/dV ∝ V−0.80(5) implying that 1/ζ = 0.20(5).
Birth Order and Age at Marriage in Females

Firstborn men marry at an earlier age than laterborn men. Supporting the earlier research, this study of 111 females indicated no relationship between birth order and age at marriage among women Highest educational degree earned was significantly related to age at marriage for these university affiliated women.
Investigation of Structure, Adsorption Free Energy, and Overcharging Behavior of Trivalent Yttrium Adsorbed at the Muscovite (001)–Water Interface

The speciation, coverage, and thermodynamics of trivalent Y3+ adsorbed at a negatively charged muscovite (001)–water interface were measured to investigate electrostatic ion–ion correlations in a strong coupling regime. In situ specular crystal truncation rod and resonant anomalous X-ray reflectivity data show that Y3+ adsorbs as three distinct species (inner-sphere, adsorbed outer-sphere, and extended outer-sphere) among which the fractional coverage of the inner-sphere species (∼10%) is the smallest. Uptake measurements show that the maximum Y3+ coverage is higher by 50% than the amount needed to satisfy the muscovite surface charge in the absence of background electrolyte, but this overcharging is largely suppressed in the presence of 0.1 m NaCl. The measured intrinsic standard-state Gibbs free energy for Y3+ adsorption (−36.9 ± 0.9 kJ/mol) is smaller than that expected solely on the basis of its charge, and this discrepancy can be partly explained by the difference in adsorbed cation speciation at the...
Differentiation of growth hormone from the pituitary factor which produces diabetes.

SummaryGrowth hormone was prepared from a glacial acetic acid extract of anterior pituitary powder. The product was equal in growth-promoting activity to other purified preparations but did not produce diabetes when administered in relatively large doses to dogs, indicating of the pituitary hormone that the diabetogenic factor is distinct from the growth
Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of an Effective Pedagogy

The journey to professorship has taken me into many different classrooms. From Canada to the United States, and from the inner city to the urban middle class, I have discovered the freedom to pursue a pedagogy that flexes with the cultural fabric of my classroom. This article addresses the racial basis for determining whether your students are field independent or field dependent learners. It challenges whiteness within academia, and it encourages the need for instructors to embrace a pedagogical approach that will increase the agency of the students.
Importance of Learning-Driven Constructs on Perceived Skill Development When Using Multimedia Instructional Materials

Researchers disagree on the impact of multimedia on perceived skill development. This research investigated whether intervening variables such as task-technology factors might explain the difference in the research findings. An experiment was conducted where thirty-nine students worked on a case study using both paper-based and multimedia-based technologies. An exploratory factor analysis design employing a structural equation model was utilized to analyze the data. The findings from this study suggest a strong indirect relationship between multimedia and perceived skill development with learning-driven constructs (challenging, learning interest, self-reported learning, and learned from others). The study concludes that it is critical to consider these factors in developing multimedia instructional materials.
U-series isotopic signatures of soils and headwater streams in a semi-arid complex volcanic terrain

Abstract Uranium-series isotopes are emerging as a tool to characterize weathering and soil forming processes in the Critical Zone. This study seeks to understand the behavior of U-series isotopes during chemical weathering and soil formation in the semi-arid and lithologically complex volcanic terrain (rhyolitic volcaniclastics and tuff) of the Valles Caldera, New Mexico (USA). A comprehensive set of samples from the Jemez River Basin Critical Zone Observatory, including bedrock, soils, dust, soil sequential extracts, soil pore water, spring water, and stream water, was systematically investigated. (234U/238U) values measured in four soil profiles ranged from 0.90 to 1.56 and (230Th/238U) values ranged from 0.48 to 1.39. Significant 230Th enrichment in shallow soil profiles was interpreted as evidence of mixing with 230Th-enriched volcanic ash during soil formation. Evidence of past episodic mixing of volcanic ash in these soils suggests modeling soil formation using a mass balance approach without considering possible atmospheric inputs is problematic, and future applications of existing models in heterogeneous volcanic soils should be applied cautiously. Significant 234U enrichment in one soil profile was interpreted as evidence of addition of U to soils from 234U-enriched soil solutions. Soil sequential extraction confirms that most of the U is contained in organo-metal colloid and exchangeable forms in shallow soils of this profile. U-series isotopes have also shown promise as a tracer of water residence time and mixing of different water sources. In this study, (234U/238U) ratios for dissolved U are used to trace seasonal variation in source water contributions to stream flow in a small (3.29 km2), headwater catchment within the Valles Caldera. Systematically lower (234U/238U) values (ranging from 1.7 to 2.8) were observed in dissolved U in spring and stream waters during snowmelt compared to dry seasons ((234U/238U) ranging from 1.9 to 3.1) in conjunction with greater contributions of deeper groundwater sources as suggested by major element tracers Cl and Si. The lower (234U/238U) values in deeper groundwater, in contrast to previous studies, were attributed to progressive depletion of easily-weathered 234U with increasing duration of water-rock interaction and increasing chemical dissolution. Further studies with more quantitative age tracers, such as 3H, could help to establish the influence of residence time on stream source waters' (234U/238U) values. If established, (234U/238U) could be a powerful tracer of water sources and residence time in stream waters at the catchment scale.
Synthesis and study on antitumor activities of indolinedione Schiff bases and their complexes

Several schiff base ligands and their transition metal Cu(Ⅱ)、Zn(Ⅱ)、Mn(Ⅱ)、Co(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)complexes were prepared and characterized by UV-Vis,IR and 1H NMR.Antitumor activities of the complexes in vitro were studied by the method of MTT.Structures studied by UV-Vis,IR and 1H NMR were basically in accordance with our prediction.Test results of L1·Zn complex's antitumor activity in vitro had been acquired.Complex L1·Zn showed a weak inhibition effect on tumor cells SPCA-1,Tb,MGC and K562,potentially because of indoledione single-Schiff base ligand and metal Zn.The complexes of L2 had antitumor activity.Among the five complexes,the Cu(Ⅱ)complex had the novel highest antitumor activity.
Implementation and Effect Evaluation of Psychological Intervention during the Adaptive Phase of the Armed Police Forces Recruits

Objective To study the recruits adapt ability,and provide evidence for early intervention and health education of recruits.Methods The symptom checklist(SCL-90),questionnaire and psychological intervention were adopted to evaluate the police recruits before and after adaptation.Results 1The total average score of SCL-90 about police recruits after adaptation was 1.17 ± 0.20,which significantly lower than the total average score of police recruits,and significantly lower than that of Chinese adult norm(P 0.01); 2The total average score of SCL-90 between the groups of the urban and rural of recruits were no significant difference(P 0.05);3The total average score of SCL-90 about high cultural degree is significant difference with low education level before training(P 0.05).After training,high degree of culture recruits was lower than the low cultural degree(P 0.01).Conclusion The results of this study suggest that mental health education and psychological intervention should be individualized in new recruits,and pay attention to cultural degree.
A New Protection Method of Thyristor Controlled Reactor Based on Non-characteristic Third Harmonic Current

A new protection method is presented based on the non-characteristic third-harmonic current and the corresponding setting scheme is proposed.It analyzes application of the method and shows that the new protection can reliably act no matter what types of fault in protection zone except for single-phase to ground and its protection dead zone is less than the unbalance current protection.When fault occurs out of the protection zone and reaches the steady-state,the reliable no-action of protection can be ensured.The abnormal operation caused by the fault clearing or fault recovery may produce non-characteristic third harmonic,which can affect the protection.The time delay can be added to the protection to solve the problem.PSCAD simulation results show effectiveness of the presented protection.
Best practices for complex diacritics handling in CONTENTdm

In order to ensure the best possible access for materials held by libraries and archives, these institutions must employ special accent and punctuation marks when transcribing or transliterating languages other than English. These marks are called diacritical marks by the library community. Their use in MARC cataloging is widespread, as is their use in library catalogs. However, users of digital content management systems (CMS), such as CONTENTdm encounter difficulty in ensuring appropriate diacritical marks are read by the CMS when metadata is imported or migrated into such a system. These problems further compound searching issues for the user, as noted by Bar-Ilan and Gutman (2005) in the Journal of Information Science. Little literature and few instructions exist to assist users in working with these diacritical marks. However, some pertinent literature exists on the subject.
Sand Blows Desperately: Land-Use History and Site Integrity at Camp Ford, a Confederate POW Camp in East Texas

Archaeological investigations revealed well-preserved remains of Camp Ford (41SM181), an East Texas Civil War site where Confederate guards held up to 4,800 Union prisoners of war (POWs) in a stockaded compound on a sandy hillside. The prisoners brought tons of clayey sediment onto the site’s loamy sand soil for construction of houses and as backdirt from refuse pits. Abandoned at war’s end and probably salvaged for useable logs, Camp Ford became farmland, ultimately a pine-tree farm. Among identified subsurface features were stockade-wall trenches, refuse pits, dugouts, and clay-lined cabin floors. Trenches and pits in the sandy solum typically exhibited remarkably abrupt boundaries with the surrounding subsoil, in contrast to markedly less distinctive feature boundaries encountered at most sandy-landform sites in the region. Good preservation conditions resulted in large measure from postwar development of a clay-rich B horizon (Bt) and lamellae (thin clayey bands), which retarded eluviation in the underlying 2Eb horizon and thereby preserved feature boundaries.