cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Clinical response of a patient with diffuse histiocytic lymphoma to adoptive chemoimmunotherapy using cyclophosphamide and alloactivated haploidentical lymphocytes. A case report and phase I trial.

Adoptive chemoimmunotherapy has cured experimentally induced tumors in animals, but its clinical use has been limited. Six patients were treated with refractory neoplasms in a Phase I study with cyclophosphamide (CPM) and alloactivated haploidentical lymphocytes. Patients received an immunosuppressive dose of CPM (800 mg/m2) followed by haploidentical lymphocytes primed in vifro with alloantigens in mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC). One week later patients received a second infusion of alloactivated lymphocytes expanded in T-cell growth factor (TCGF). The total number of cells given to each patient progressively increased, with a single patient receiving 35.5 X lo9 cells. Transient febrile responses and delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions at the intravenous sites were the only toxicities noted. A complete clinical response lasting 12 weeks was seen in a single patient with diffuse histiocytic lymphoma. Our experience indicates that adoptive chemoimmunotherapy can be given to patients safely and merits further clinical testing. Cancer 55552-560, 1985. URE OF transplanted, experimentally induced aniC mal tumors can be accomplished by the infusion of appropriately sensitized lymphocytes.'-4 Animal models have delineated those conditions necessary to obtain a therapeutic response using adoptive immuno
High-performance Ultra Violet 4H-SiC Avalanche Photodiode detectors

4H-SiC avalanche photodiodes are studied in both linear and Geiger mode. Single photon detection efficiency of 14% is reported in Geiger mode.
Steering the Chaplygin Sleigh by a Moving Mass

In this paper we design a steering control algorithm for the Chaplygin sleigh with a moving mass. Our strategy is to only use the controlled dynamics to initiate short-time transitions between the various uncontrolled modes of the system in order to achieve the desired direction of motion.
Cryptographic imagination Indus script and the project of scientific decipherment

The success of the cryptographic technique during World War II in decoding enemy ciphers holds an enduring impact on archaeologists working on decoding ancient scripts. The conviction to break open any code, in theory, employing scientific methods, mathematical formulae and computers, gives rise to a cryptographic imagination. This epistemological articulation apprehends the ancient script as a military cryptogram that could be cracked through scientific intervention. I examine cryptographic imagination within the decipherment of the Indus Script—the unknown script of the third millennium BCE Indus civilisation in South Asia. I specifically examine the decipherment attempts of the Finnish and the Russian teams during 1960s and 70s. By analysing the Finnish and Russian decipherment attempts, I argue that cryptographic imagination involves an epistemological shift of conceptualising unknown archaeological script from an epigraphic representation to a cryptographic code.
Meiosis in living color: fluorescence-based tetrad analysis in Arabidopsis.

In the process of meiosis, a diploid cell produces four haploid gametes, each of which carries but one copy of each chromosome. Before the two meiotic divisions, each set of homologs is composed of two fully replicated chromosomes, and thus four chromatids. At the first meiotic division, one homolog (composed of two sister chromatids) is segregated into each of the two daughter cells. The second meiotic division then separates the two chromatids comprising each chromosome. Unfortunately, the very purpose of meiosis, distributing the four chromatids into four gametes, creates a problem for greedy geneticists who would like to be able to recover all four of the original chromatids! In this issue of PNAS, Francis et al. provide an elegant and efficient solution to this problem in Arabidopsis thaliana (1).
Bear Predation on Pacific Salmon Facilitates Colonization of Carcasses by Fly Maggots

Abstract The carcasses of Pacific salmon can be an important food resource for aquatic and terrestrial organisms, depending on where the carcasses are located. We hypothesized that the availability of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) carcasses to ovipositing flies (Family: Calliphoridae) would be facilitated by brown bears (Ursus arctos) moving salmon from the water to terrestrial environments. We further hypothesized that the proportion of carcasses in terrestrial environments (hence accessible to flies) would vary among streams as a function of stream size. In three small southwestern Alaska streams during 2 y, flies oviposited on about half of the carcasses in terrestrial habitats (44% of those on gravel, 54% in grass and 57% in the forest). Only 28% of the partially submerged carcasses and 0.5% of the fully submerged carcasses were colonized. The proportion of carcasses deposited outside the stream was strongly and positively influenced by the level of bear predation and negatively affected by stre...
RISK PERCEPTION, RAPE, AND SEXUAL REVICTIMIZATION: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF COLLEGE WOMEN

Risk perception was examined in relation to sexual victimization among 262 college women. Participants were presented with written vignettes that described hypothetical situations with a stranger and with an acquaintance. Participants' hypothetical decision to leave a potentially risky situation with an acquaintance predicted rape and revictimization during an 8-month follow-up period. Revictimized participants had significantly delayed responses compared to previously victimized respondents who were not revictimized. Multivariate models indicated that prior victimization and delayed risk response increased vulnerability for rape and other forms of sexual victimization. Results highlight the need to assess multiple aspects of risk perception, including threat identification and behavioral responses to hypothetical or real situations. Findings suggest that delayed response to danger cues might be one factor that increases vulnerability for revictimization by acquaintances.
Modeling impacts of climate change mitigation technologies on power grids

This paper describes a modeling approach that simulates the impacts of different climate change mitigation technologies on power grids for power system planning purposes. Because the historical data is less credible when new technologies are being deployed to the system, it is then critical to model them to address their impacts. This paper illustrates how to integrate modeling results obtained from different modeling tools to give a reasonable forecast of the future. Building simulation tools, distribution power grid modeling tools, and power system planning tools are used to model and aggregate the impacts from the end-use to the system level. Electricity generation, production cost, emission, and transmission congestions are used to quantify the influence of different mitigation technologies. Modeling results have shown that the cross-discipline modeling approach provided the modeler with the necessary time resolution and input details to address the variables that influence the modeling results. Different modeling issues are also addressed in the paper.
Daily carbohydrate accumulation in eight tall fescue cultivars

Eight cultivars of tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum Schreb., S.J. Darbyshire ¼ Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), Barcel, Kenhy, Kentucky-31, Missouri-96, Mozark, Stargrazer, C-1 (an experimental selection), and HiMag, were sampled at 2-h intervals during daylight on four cutting dates. Cultivars varied in concentrations of carbohydrate fractions but accumulation rates were not different. Daily mean total non-structural carbohydrate (TNC) concentrations for cutting dates in May, July, August and September declined from 239 to 231, 143 and 120 g TNC kg )1 adjusted dry weight (ADW) respectively. Concentrations of fructans were highest in July but sucrose, glucose and starch concentrations were highest in May. Sucrose was the largest contributor proportionately to TNC daily means across accessions in May (0AE33), August (0AE30) and September (0AE38). Glucose composed an equivalent proportion of TNC in the August harvest. Starch concentration was highest in May at 53 g kg )1 ADW and lowest in August at 23 g kg )1 ADW. The TNC concentration increased by 22AE4 (May), 16AE8 (July), 21AE0 (August) and 30AE 8gk g )1 ADW (September) from dawn to dusk. Forage samples taken to estimate preference by ruminants or for TNC analyses should be cut and preserved within 1 h to control the diurnal variation of TNC proportionately within 0AE05. Tall fescue should generally be cut between noon and sunset for TNC concentrations to be greater than the daily mean.
Treatment of acute focal cerebral ischemia with propranolol.

Propranolol has been found to have a protective effect in experimental myocardial ischemia. Protection of ischemic kidneys was subsequently demonstrated following treatment with propranolol and its weaker beta blocking isomer, d-propranolol. The objective of the present investigation was to study the effects of propranolol (i.e., racemic d,1 mixture) and d-propranolol upon regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and early ischemic changes following experimental middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. Thirty adult cats, lightly anesthetized with ketamine hydrochloride, underwent 3 hours or right MCA occlusion. Ten cats were untreated. Ten cats were given a continuous infusion of propranolol (1 mg/kg/hr) for 4 hours beginning 1 hour before MCA occlusion and a 4 mg/kg bolus immediately before occlusion. Ten cats were given a continuous infusion of d-propranolol (0.5 mg/kg/hr) for 4 hours beginning 1 hour before MCA occlusion and a 2 mg/kg bolus immediately before occlusion. The therapeutic agents were injected directly into the right carotid artery. The rCBF in the right Sylvian region was not significantly different in the 3 groups. EEG changes also were similar. Carbon filling defects were found to be smallest in the d-propranolol-treated group. Light microscopic studies demonstrated a reduction in infarct size in the propranolol and d-propranolol groups. The findings of the investigation indicated that propranolol and d-propranolol do not have a deleterious effect on rCBF after MCA occlusion and suggested that these agents have a protective effect upon ischemic cerebral tissue.
Clinical Correlates of Interferon γ Production in Patients with Tuberculosis

To determine if the capacity to produce interferon (IFN) gamma is related to the clinical manifestations of tuberculosis, we correlated Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced IFN-gamma production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with clinical, radiographic, and laboratory variables for 63 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative patients and 43 HIV-positive patients with tuberculosis. For HIV-negative patients whose chest radiographs showed moderately advanced disease, the mean IFN-gamma concentration +/- SD was 1,639 +/- 388 pg/mL, whereas that for patients with far-advanced disease was 327 +/- 100 pg/mL (P = .0001). For HIV-infected patients who had only pleuropulmonary disease, the mean IFN-gamma concentration was 1,002 +/- 257 pg/mL, whereas that for patients with disease outside the lungs and pleura was 149 +/- 55 pg/mL (P = .0004). Multivariate analysis confirmed that the radiographic extent of disease and the site of disease were the only independent predictors of IFN-gamma production in HIV-negative and HIV-infected patients (P < or = .001). We conclude that reduced IFN-gamma production by PBMCs is a marker of severe tuberculosis in both HIV-negative and HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis.
Bringing the Dark Past to Light: The Reception of the Holocaust in Postcommunist Europe

Bringing the Dark Past to Light—: The Reception of the Holocaust in Postcommunist Europe is an all-encompassing, seven-hundred-page long anthology focusing on how the old and new states of the form...
Miller Table Company: A Profit Analysis Case Integrating Managerial Accounting, Microeconomics And Marketing

This paper describes a unique integrative business case appropriate for use in a managerial accounting course or other business courses related to economics or marketing. The case describes a scenario in which a managerial accountant is assisting in business decisions relating to factors influencing the profitability of a small manufacturing operation. Students are asked to optimize profits for company operations given information concerning costs, quality, and marketing options.
Whole-Genome Sequencing of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Resistant to Fifth-Generation Cephalosporins Reveals Potential Non-mecA Mechanisms of Resistance

Fifth-generation cephalosporins, ceftobiprole and ceftaroline, are promising drugs for treatment of bacterial infections from methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). These antibiotics are able to bind native PBP2a, the penicillin-binding protein encoded by the mecA resistance determinant that mediates broad class resistance to nearly all other beta-lactam antibiotics, at clinically achievable concentrations. Mechanisms of resistance to ceftaroline based on mecA mutations have been previously described. Here we compare the genomes of 11 total parent-daughter strains of Staphylococcus aureus for which specific selection by serial passaging with ceftaroline or ceftobiprole was used to identify novel non-mecA mechanisms of resistance. All 5 ceftaroline-resistant strains, derived from 5 different parental strains, contained mutations directly upstream of the pbp4 gene (coding for the PBP4 protein), including four with the same thymidine insertion located 377 nucleotides upstream of the promoter site. In 4 of 5 independent ceftaroline-driven selections, we also isolated mutations to the same residue (Asn138) in PBP4. In addition, mutations in additional candidate genes such as ClpX endopeptidase, PP2C protein phosphatase and transcription terminator Rho, previously undescribed in the context of resistance to ceftaroline or ceftobiprole, were detected in multiple selections. These genomic findings suggest that non-mecA mechanisms, while yet to be encountered in the clinical setting, may also be important in mediating resistance to 5th-generation cephalosporins.
Recent Population Trends in the Southeast

revealed certain non-random photo data errors which provide an initial basis for constructing systematic correction factors for further study and refinement in the continuing methodological development. However, the net error, which takes account of the compensating effect of positive and negative discrepancies in the photographic observations, provides a realistic basis for evaluating the accuracy and practical utility of the method as developed thus far. In these terms, the results of this study show that photographic data are sufficiently valid for reproducing the relative, comparative housing structural characteristics of urban residential neighborhoods. Specifically, it may be concluded that the photo data yield accurate subarea rankings and category classifications regarding prevalence of single-family homes, and density of dwelling-units per block. Since such rankings and classifications have been found to be empirically related to the ecological patterning of the urban social stratification system, the present research indicates that the aerial photographic method may be adapted as a useful research tool in urban sociology. Additional research of similar design is required before any generalizations beyond this first investigation may be attempted. Such efforts would appear justified in view of the realities of world urbanization and the general inaccessibility of urban social data in culture areas outside the United States.
Changing Attitudes About Elementary School Dental Health Education: A Pilot Study

The American Association of Dental Schools requires dental hygiene (DH) programs to graduate students who meet entry-level health competency in promotion and disease prevention and community involvement. Competencies include promotion of the values of oral health to the public and organizations within and outside the profession. Gaining a better understanding of the attitudes of first-year DH students toward oral health presentations in the community will aid DH educators in establish teaching strategies to formulate positive attitudes of students. Grounded in the theoretical framework of Bandura (1977), this research has been conducted to determine teaching strategies that strengthen self-efficacy in order to promote a perceived value of DH students in providing health education to the community. The purpose of this study was to measure changes in attitudes of DH students toward providing a dental health presentation to elementary school students after a 10-week undergraduate course in health education. The teaching strategies include lecture, online and class discussion, demonstration and activities, small group assignments, presentation to peers, and written and verbal reflection. An 8 question pre-survey and post-survey was distributed to a convenience sample of 30 female first-year DH students. The pre-survey indicated that 100% of the students felt that there was a need for dental professionals to provide oral health education in the schools, while 67% were somewhat likely to do a dental health presentation once working independently. In addition, this will be the first presentation in front of an elementary classroom for 77% of the students, and 73% were somewhat anxious about presenting. Comments obtained during online and class discussion indicated an increased self-efficacy toward providing oral health presentations.
Abstract 3917: Molecular mechanisms underlying hedgehog-GLI oncogenic function via interaction with the TGF-beta-SMAD4 axis

Crosstalk between signaling pathways is crucial to the initiation, progression and maintenance of the transformed phenotype. Therefore, characterization of these signaling interactions is fundamental for the understanding of the complex and varied network of events that leads to the development and spread of tumors. The Hedgehog (HH)-GLI pathway, an important carcinogenic cascade, is required for the growth and survival of tumors of diverse origin. Recent reports, mainly from animal models, suggest that key signaling interactions are required by HH-GLI signaling to modulate cancer-associated cellular functions. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon in cancer and non-cancer cells remain elusive. Our preliminary data show a crosstalk between the HH-GLI axis and TGF-beta pathway, a well-characterized tumor suppressor/oncogenic signaling pathway. Luciferase reporter and expression assays in combination with genetic and pharmacological manipulations of the TGFbeta pathway show that this cascade is able to activate GLI transcriptional activity, even in the absence of an active HH signaling. The TGFbeta pathway is required to maintain active GLI transcriptional complexes at GLI target genes. Further analysis of this molecular interaction suggests that TGFbeta pathway-mediated activation of GLI transcription factors requires an intact SMAD4, thus suggesting a potential mechanism mediating this functional interaction. The knowledge derived from this study provides both mechanistic insight into the contribution of this HH-GLI/TGF-beta pathway interaction to carcinogenesis and could serve as a foundation for development of new therapeutic approaches for tumors with active HH-GLI and TGF cascades. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3917.
Photoinduced intermolecular charge-transfer systems for optical limiting

Photoinduced intermolecular charge transfer (PICT) in donor/acceptor systems has been investigated as an approach to the design of new optical limiting (OL) materials. Solution of cyanines or porphyrins (as sensitizers) and viologen derivatives (as electron acceptors) were used in these studies. Picosecond time-resolved fluorescence measurements were carried out to estimate the charge-transfer rate in these donor/acceptor systems. The radical-ion absorption bands were identified using spectroelectrochemistry. Nonlinear transmission measurements with picosecond and nanosecond laser pulses were utilized to determine the effective photo-induced to ground-state absorption cross-section ratio of the sensitizers alone and the sensitizer/acceptor systems. Our studies are consistent with optical limiting by PICT in solution and indicate a substantial radical-ion yield in the systems examined.
On the use of hidden Markov models for gaze pattern modeling

Some of the conventional metrics derived from gaze patterns (on computer screens) to study visual attention, engagement and fatigue are saccade counts, nearest neighbor index (NNI) and duration of dwells/fixations. Each of these metrics has drawbacks in modeling the behavior of gaze patterns; one such drawback comes from the fact that some portions on the screen are not as important as some other portions on the screen. This is addressed by computing the eye gaze metrics corresponding to important areas of interest (AOI) on the screen. There are some challenges in developing accurate AOI based metrics: firstly, the definition of AOI is always fuzzy; secondly, it is possible that the AOI may change adaptively over time. Hence, there is a need to introduce eye-gaze metrics that are aware of the AOI in the field of view; at the same time, the new metrics should be able to automatically select the AOI based on the nature of the gazes. In this paper, we propose a novel way of computing NNI based on continuous hidden Markov models (HMM) that model the gazes as 2D Gaussian observations (x-y coordinates of the gaze) with the mean at the center of the AOI and covariance that is related to the concentration of gazes. The proposed modeling allows us to accurately compute the NNI metric in the presence of multiple, undefined AOI on the screen in the presence of intermittent casual gazing that is modeled as random gazes on the screen.
Current status of interventional neuroradiology in the management of meningiomas.

This article discusses specific anatomic and methodologic considerations related to the neuroendovascular treatment of meningiomas. The cases presented were selected to address issues encountered in the preoperative or palliative management of meningiomas and should be of interest to the neurosurgeon and neuroradiologist involved in the treatment of meningiomas.
Man and the diversity of his genome. An extraordinary phase in the history of population genetics

Population genetics is almost eighty years old, but benefited only very recently from the advantages of direct DNA analysis. Nevertheless, much knowledge had already accumulated and was completely confirmed by the study of DNA markers. Major benefits of the latter came with microsatellites. It allowed to discover an error made with classical markers but even more seriously with RFLPs, because of the practically involuntary sampling of individuals almost exclusively of European origin for the detection of polymorphisms. Among other evolutionary application of microsatellites, the most attractive is their very recent use for dating population separations during the recent migration out of Africa of modern humans. They confirm the theory that this expansion was quite recent. Single nucleotide substitutions are the major material of evolution, and so far markers of this kind were rare. A new method, DHPLC, is excellent for their detection and testing. In humans it has been applied almost exclusively to the Y chromosome, and in a year it has given a completely new picture of Y chromosome genetics. Some applications of statistical methods to genetic geography of classical markers and ADN markers will show the power of the geographical approach, and therefore the need of a wide collection of population samples, as will be made possible by the HGDP (Human Genome Diversity Project).
Diminished Phosphorylation of CREB Is a Key Event in the Dysregulation of Gluconeogenesis and Glycogenolysis in PCB126 Hepatotoxicity.

The dioxin-like PCB126 elicits toxicity in various target organs. In rat liver, an alteration in the transcript levels of several genes involved in glucose and fatty acid metabolism provides insights into the origin of its hepatotoxicity. To explore the mechanisms, male Sprague–Dawley rats, fed an AIN-93G diet, were injected with PCB126 (1 or 5 μmol/kg) or corn oil and euthanized after 2 weeks. PCB126 significantly decreased serum glucose levels and the transcript levels of genes of many gluconeogenic and glycogenolytic enzymes under the transcriptional control of a nuclear transcription factor, cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB). As a novel finding, we show that PCB126 significantly decreases CREB phosphorylation, which is important for regulating both gluconeogenesis and fatty acid oxidation in the liver and explains CREB’s integrative effects on both carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in PCB126 toxicity.
Assembly Time Modeling through Connective Complexity Metrics

This paper presents the development of a model for predicting the assembly time of a system based on complexity metrics of the system architecture. A convention for modeling architecture is presented, followed by ten analyzed systems. These systems are subjected to complexity metrics developed for other applications. A model is developed based on a recognizable trend and a regression of that trend. The regression is then further refined based on its similarities to additional metrics other than that used in regression. The final model uses average path length, part count, and path length density to predict assembly time to within ±16% of that predicted by the Boothroyd and Dew Hurst design for assembly analysis method.
Sex Differences in Anthropometrics and Heading Kinematics Among Division I Soccer Athletes.

Background:Soccer players head the ball repetitively throughout their careers; this is also a potential mechanism for a concussion. Although not all soccer headers result in a concussion, these sub...
Evidence-Based Treatment for Musculoskeletal Disorders in Children with Down’s Syndrome

Down’s syndrome is one of the most common chromosomal abnormalities in humans, occurring in approximately 1 in 1000 live births. Of the orthopaedic manifestations that can occur in these patients, hip instability, patellofemoral instability and atlanto-axial instability.
La filosofía y el lenguaje político

En nuestros tiempos ocurre algo que no conocieron bajo ningun aspecto los antiguos: el intento de determinar el sentido concreto de la vida humana de acuerdo a ideologias.
Keynotes: Internet of Things: History and hype, technology and policy

The idea of an emerging Internet of Things (IoT) is currently captivating both technologists and society at large. Although IoT techniques have their roots in ideas that are decades old, their increasingly widespread deployments have made them a hot topic these days, frequently discussed and hyped. As many as 50B networked devices are envisioned by 2020, and proponents of IoTs see a world where embedded sensing and control techniques help vehicle traffic flow more smoothly, where environmental sensing and data analysis facilitates better use of natural resources like water, and where personalized health monitoring helps individuals improve their quality of life. On the other hand, properly addressing policy concerns around security and privacy may play a role in IoT's adoption and success. My talk will discuss key technology and policy challenges for future IoT applications and devices. Overall, I will be drawing from both technical experiences and trends, as well as from policy perspectives gained during a one year fellowship doing technology policy within the U. S. Department of State.
Evaluation of Knight Landing High Bandwidth Memory for HPC Workloads

The Intel Knight Landing (KNL) manycore chip includes 3D-stacked memory named MCDRAM, also known as High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) for parallel applications that needs to scale to high thread count. In this paper, we provide a quantitative study of the KNL for HPC proxy applications including Lulesh, HPCG, AMG, and Hotspot when using DDR4 and MCDRAM. The results indicate that HBM significantly improves the performance of memory intensive applications for as many as three times better than DDR4 in HPCG, and Lulesh and HPCG for as many as 40% and 200%. For the selected compute intensive applications, the performance advantage of MCDRAM over DDR4 varies from 2% to 28%. We also observed that the cross-points, where MCDRAM starts outperforming DDR4, are around 8 to 16 threads.
c-Src activity is differentially required by cancer cell motility modes

Cancer cell migration requires that cells respond and adapt to their surroundings. In the absence of extracellular matrix cues, cancer cells will undergo a mesenchymal to ameboid transition, whereas a highly confining space will trigger a switch to "leader bleb-based" migration. To identify oncogenic signaling pathways mediating these transitions, we undertook a targeted screen using clinically useful inhibitors. Elevated Src activity was found to change actin and focal adhesion dynamics, whereas inhibiting Src triggered focal adhesion disassembly and blebbing. On non-adherent substrates and in collagen matrices, amoeboid-like, blebbing cells having high Src activity formed protrusions of the plasma membrane. To evaluate the role of Src in confined cells, we use a novel approach that places cells under a slab of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), which is held at a defined height. Using this method, we find that leader bleb-based migration is resistant to Src inhibition. High Src activity was found to markedly change the architecture of cortical actomyosin, reduce cell mechanical properties, and the percentage of cells that undergo leader bleb-based migration. Thus, Src is a signal transducer that can potently influence transitions between migration modes with implications for the rational development of metastasis inhibitors.
LiDAR remote sensing and applications, by Pinliang Dong and Qi Chen, Boca Raton, CRC Press, 2018, 200 pp., US$94.95 (paperback), ISBN 9781138747241

Since the 1960s, remote sensing and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) have provided invaluable data used in various geoscience applications. As the size and cost of LiDAR equipment continues to f...
A Simple and Sensitive Plant-Based Western Corn Rootworm Bioassay Method for Resistance Determination and Event Selection

We report here a simple and sensitive plant-based western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), bioassay method that allows for examination of multiple parameters for both plants and insects in a single experimental setup within a short duration. For plants, injury to roots can be visually examined, fresh root weight can be measured, and expression of trait protein in plant roots can be analyzed. For insects, in addition to survival, larval growth and development can be evaluated in several aspects including body weight gain, body length, and head capsule width. We demonstrated using the method that eCry3.1Ab-expressing 5307 corn was very effective against western corn rootworm by eliciting high mortality and significantly inhibiting larval growth and development. We also validated that the method allowed determination of resistance in an eCry3.1Ab-resistant western corn rootworm strain. While data presented in this paper demonstrate the usefulness of the method for selection of events of protein traits and for determination of resistance in laboratory populations, we envision that the method can be applied in much broader applications.
Accuracy of printed casts generated from digital implant impressions versus stone casts from conventional implant impressions: A comparative in vitro study.

OBJECTIVES The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the accuracy of printed implant casts from digital impressions with two intra-oral scanners (IOS) to stone casts from conventional impressions. The hypothesis was that printed casts would be more accurate than stone casts from conventional impressions. MATERIALS AND METHODS A mandibular stone cast with Kennedy class II edentulism was fabricated using two internal connection tissue-level implants at 30 degrees to each other (Replace Select RP, Nobel Biocare) to serve as master. Digital impressions (n = 10) were made with the white light (WL) and Active Wavefront Sampling technology (AWST) IOS. The resultant standard tessellation language (STL) datasets were used to print implant casts through stereolithography (SLA) prototyping. The conventional casts (n = 10) were produced with splinted open tray impression technique and polyether material in type IV stone. The master cast and all groups were digitized with lab reference scanner. The test groups STL datasets were superimposed to master cast STL in inspection software (Geomagic control 2015) to calculate root-mean-square error. RESULTS The conventional, WL IOS and AWST IOS groups had mean values of 53.49 μm (SD 9.47), 108.09 μm (SD 9.59) and 120.39 μm (SD 5.91), respectively. The Shapiro-Wilk test showed no evidence of nonnormality (p = 0.131) and Levene's test showed no evidence of heterogeneity of variance (p = 0.518). The one-way ANOVA demonstrated a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). Tukey's honest significant difference (HSD) showed statistically significant differences between all groups: for the comparison of AWST IOS and WL IOS, the p-value was 0.009, and the p-values of the other post hoc tests were <0.001. CONCLUSION Printed casts generated from digital impressions for partially edentulous posterior mandibular arches had inferior accuracy to conventional stone casts fabricated from splinted open tray impressions. The printed casts from WL IOS had better accuracy compared to AWST IOS.
Sturm-Liouville Systems

The linear operators discussed in the last two chapters were exclusively integral operators. Most applications of physical interest, however, involve differential operators (DO). Unfortunately, differential operators are unbounded. We noted that complications arise when one abandons the compactness property of the operator, e.g., sums turn into integrals and one loses one’s grip over the eigenvalues of noncompact operators. The transition to unbounded operators complicates matters even more. Fortunately, the formalism of one type of DOs that occur most frequently in physics can be studied in the context of compact operators. Such a study is our aim for this chapter.
A Generalized Approach for Social Network Integration and Analysis with Privacy Preservation

Social network analysis is very useful in discovering the embedded knowledge in social network structures, which is applicable in many practical domains including homeland security, publish safety, epidemiology, public health, electronic commerce, marketing, and social science. However, social network data is usually distributed and no single organization is able to capture the global social network. For example, a law enforcement unit in Region A has the criminal social network data of her region; similarly, another law enforcement unit in Region B has another criminal social network data of Region B. Unfortunately, due the privacy concerns, these law enforcement units may not be allowed to share the data, and therefore, neither of them can benefit by analyzing the integrated social network that combines the data from the social networks in Region A and Region B. In this chapter, we discuss aspects of sharing the insensitive and generalized information of social networks to support social network analysis while preserving the privacy at the same time. We discuss the generalization approach to construct a generalized social network in which only insensitive and generalized information is shared. We will also discuss the integration of the generalized information and how it can satisfy a prescribed level of privacy leakage tolerance which is measured independently to the privacy-preserving techniques.
Radiation-induced stenosis of the left main coronary artery

Isolated left main coronary artery stenosis induced by mediastinal radiation is a well-documented but rare entity. Its clinical manifestations can be latent for many years, but its ominous sequela cannot be ignored. We report here such a patient presenting 16 yr postmediastinal radiation, the longest documented latency to date.
Circular and KDM security for identity-based encryption

We initiate the study of security for key-dependent messages (KDM), sometimes also known as "circular" or "clique" security, in the setting of identity-based encryption (IBE). Circular/KDM security requires that ciphertexts preserve secrecy even when they encrypt messages that may depend on the secret keys, and arises in natural usage scenarios for IBE. We construct an IBE system that is circular secure for affine functions of users' secret keys, based on the learning with errors (LWE) problem (and hence on worst-case lattice problems). The scheme is secure in the standard model, under a natural extension of a selectiveidentity attack. Our three main technical contributions are (1) showing the circular/KDM-security of a "dual"-style LWE public-key cryptosystem, (2) proving the hardness of a version of the "extended LWE" problem due to O'Neill, Peikert and Waters (CRYPTO'11), and (3) building an IBE scheme around the dual-style system using a novel lattice-based "all-but-d" trapdoor function.
Enhancing the USDA FAS Crop Forecasting System Using SMAP L3 Soil Moisture Observations

One of the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Foreign Agricultural Services (USDA-FAS) mission objectives is to provide current information on global crop supply and demand estimates. Crop growth and development is especially susceptible to the amount of water present in the root-zone portion of the soil profile. Therefore, accurate knowledge of the root-zone soil moisture (RZSM) is an essential for USDA-FAS global crop assessments. This paper focusses on the possibility of enhancing the USDA-FAS's RZSM estimates through the integration of passive-based soil moisture observations derived from the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission into the USDA-FAS Palmer model. Lag-correlation analysis, which explores the agreement between changes in RZSM and crop status indicated that the satellite-based observations can enhance the model-only estimates.
Circular Conversations and Missed Opportunities: Hierarchies of Nutrition Expertise in Post- Revolutionary Bolivia

La malnutricion cronica fue uno de los problemas de salud que el Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario intento resolver despues de la revolucion nacional boliviana de 1952. Los actores que trabajaban en el ambito local, nacional e internacional tenian diferencias en cuanto a sus conceptos de nutricion, comprensiones del problema y propuestas de solucion. Estos debates demuestran la existencia de jerarquias de experticia; los funcionarios nacionales consideraban que el conocimiento sobre nutricion producido fuera de Bolivia era mas valioso que el generado por los bolivianos que trabajan en el ambito local. Estas jerarquias de experticia causaron tensiones, problemas de comunicacion y conversaciones circulares que obstaculizaron el desarrollo de programas nacionales eficaces y eficientes.
Electronic and geometric structure analysis of neutral and anionic alkali metal complexes of the CX series (X = O, S, Se, Te, Po): The case of M(CX) n = 1-4 (M = Li, Na) and their dimers.

Bonding mechanisms, potential energy curves, accurate structures, energetics, and electron affinities are obtained for all M(CX)1-3 species with M = Li, Na, and X = O, S, Se, Te, and Po, at the coupled-cluster level with triple-ζ quality basis sets. We discuss and rationalize the trends within different molecular groups. For example, we found larger binding energies for M = Li, for CX = CPo, and for the tri-coordinated (n = 3) complexes. All three facts are explained by the fact that the global minimum of the titled complexes originate from the first excited 2 P (2p1 for Li or 3p1 for Na) state of the metal, with each ligand forming a dative bond with the metal. All of the complexes, except Na(CO)3 , have stable anions, and their electron affinity increases as MCX < M(CX)3 < M(CX)2 . This sequence is attributed to the binding modes of these complexes. The Li(CO)3 and Li(CS)3 complexes are able to accommodate a fourth ligand, which is attached to the system electrostatically. Finally, two Li(CO)3 molecules can bind together covalently to make the ethane analog. The staggered conformer was found lower in energy and unlike ethane the CO ligands bend toward the neighboring Li(CO)3 moiety. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mitochondrial Retinal Imaging - What Do We Know So Far

Recent studies demonstrate the crucial role of mitochondria in retinal disease pathogenesis. Recently, a device was developed to non-invasively study retinal metabolic stress and measure retinal mitochondrial activity. Previous studies indicate that oxidized flavoproteins increase during metabolic stress and are a marker of mitochondrial dysfunction. This device measures oxidized flavoprotein fluorescence, which absorbs blue light and emits green autofluorescence. This review summarizes the biological rationale, technology advances, research findings, and future perspectives of mitochondrial retinal imaging.
Cue-elicited craving, thalamic activity, and physiological arousal in adult non-dependent drinkers

Abstract Changes in physiological arousal frequently accompany cognitive and affective challenges. Many studies employed cue exposure paradigms to investigate the neural processes underlying cue-elicited drug and alcohol craving. However, whether cue-elicited craving relates to changes in physiological arousal and the neural bases underlying the potential relationship remain unclear. Here we examined cerebral cue-related activations in relation to differences in skin conductance responses (SCR) recorded during alcohol vs. neutral cue blocks in 61 non-dependent alcohol drinkers (30 men). Imaging and skin conductance data were collected and processed with published routines. Mediation analyses were conducted to examine the inter-relationship between regional activities, cue-elicited craving, and SCR. The results showed higher SCR during alcohol than during neutral cue exposure. Despite no differences in drinking characteristics, men as compared to women demonstrated higher craving rating, and men but not women demonstrated a positive correlation between alcohol (vs. neutral) cue-evoked craving and SCR. Further, across subjects, thalamic cue activity was positively correlated with differences in SCR between alcohol and neutral cue blocks in men but not in women. Mediation analyses suggested that thalamic activity mediated the correlation between craving and SCR across men and women, and in men but not women alone. These findings substantiate physiological and neural correlates of alcohol cue response and suggest important sex differences in the physiological and neural processes of cue evoked craving. Centered on the intralaminar and mediodorsal subregions, the thalamic correlate may represent a neural target for behavioral or pharmacological therapy to decrease cue-elicited arousal and craving.
Small differences in tibial contact locations following kinematically aligned TKA from the native contralateral knee

Kinematically aligned (KA) TKA strives to restore native limb and knee alignments without ligament release with the premise that knee function likewise will be closely restored to native to the extent enabled by the components used. This study determined differences in anterior–posterior (AP) tibial contact locations of a KA TKA performed with asymmetric, fixed bearing, posterior cruciate-retaining (PCR) components from those of the native contralateral knee and also determined the incidence of posterior rim contact of the tibial insert during a deep knee bend and a step-up. Both knees were imaged using single-plane fluoroscopy for 25 patients with a calipered KA TKA and a native knee in the contralateral limb. AP tibial contact locations in each compartment were determined following 3D model-to-2D image registration. Differences in mean AP tibial contact locations in each compartment between the KA TKA knees and the native contralateral knees were analysed. Contact locations either on or beyond the most posterior point of the tibial insert determined the occurrence of posterior rim contact. Mean AP tibial contact locations for both native and KA TKA knees remained relatively centred in the medial compartment but moved posterior in the lateral compartment during flexion. In both the medial and lateral compartments, differences in mean AP tibial contact locations between the KA TKA knees and the native contralateral knees were more posterior and greatest at 0° flexion for both activities (4 mm, p = 0.0009 and 7 mm, p < 0.0001 for deep knee bend and 6 mm, p < 0.0001 and 8 mm, p < 0.0001 for step-up in the medial and lateral compartments, respectively). The incidence of posterior rim contact of the tibial insert was 16% (4 of 25 patients) but the lowest Oxford Knee Score was 43 for these patients. The median Oxford Knee Score for all patients was 46 (out of 48). Calipered KA TKA with asymmetric, fixed bearing, PCR components resulted in mean AP tibial contact locations which were relatively centred in the compartments and differed at most from those of the native contralateral knee by approximately 15% of the AP dimension of a mid-sized tibial baseplate. Although posterior rim contact occurred in some patients, all such patients had high patient-reported outcome scores. Therapeutic, Level III.
The non-cognitive returns to vocational school tracking: South Korean evidence

Abstract This study investigates whether attending career and technical (or vocational) high schools (vs. general high schools) leads to different non-cognitive skill developmental trajectories. Using the Seoul Educational Longitudinal Study data (SELS: 2010), we apply quasi-experimental methods including matching and growth mixture models. Contrary to much of the evidence from studies of both within- and between-school vocational tracking, we found significant positive impacts of career and technical schools on non-cognitive skills. However, the mediating role of school curriculum (e.g., number of hours spent on extra curriculum or career development) was found to be trivial.
“Hot Collecting Off the Record: Ralph J. Gleason’s Start in Music Journalism”

Ralph J. Gleason (1917–75) was one of the most influential writers on jazz and popular music from the 1930s until his death. Because of his significance to music journalism, Gleason’s contributions...
Time-of-flight imaging based on resonant photoelastic modulation: publisher's note.

This publisher’s note corrects the Funding section in Appl. Opt.58, 2235 (2019)APOPAI0003-693510.1364/AO.58.002235.
Evaluating Cucurbit Rootstocks to Prevent Disease Caused by Pythium aphanidermatum and P. myriotylum on Watermelon

Pythium species cause root and stem rot in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), but cucurbit rootstocks used to graft watermelon have not been evaluated for resistance. P. aphanidermatum and P. myriotyl...