cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
NUCLEAR LEVEL DENSITIES

By using the statistical methods originally due to Bethe, the predictions for the densities of nuclear energy levels at excitation energies around 8 Mev are examined for two different versions of the shell model. A crude method is used to take into account the effects of shell structure. The assumed form of the theoretical expression for the density of nuclear energy levels is employed to analyze the data from slow-neutron resonance experiments and from fast ($n, \ensuremath{\gamma}$) cross sections. In contrast to earlier results, for the necessary potential radius, it is found that either the static diffuse potential with a radius of $\ensuremath{\sim}1.2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}13}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{A}^{\frac{1}{3}}$ cm, or the diffuse velocity-dependent potential based on the Johnson-Teller model with a radius of $\ensuremath{\sim}1.4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}13}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{A}^{\frac{1}{3}}$ cm, leads to fair agreement with the above experiments. In each case the values of the thickness of the surface layer on the nuclear potential and the magnitude of the spin-orbit coupling are taken to be those previously found to give close agreement with the experimental shell-model level sequences.The level-density expressions used here lead to an energy dependence which is in even stronger disagreement with those derived from various excitation function and inelastic scattering experiments than the empirical formula of Blatt and Weisskopf. It is argued that this anomaly may cast more light on the use of the statistical theory of nuclear reactions than on the validity of the expression for nuclear level densities.
EROSION OF VEGETATED COASTAL DUNES

Coastal dunes can protect communities and infrastructure against storm surge and wave attack. They provide a natural barrier of granular material that erodes during storm conditions and dissipates wave energy in the process. Vegetation is abundantly present in most coastal dunes and may enhance the capability of the dune to withstand erosion. However, reliable data allowing quantification of the erosion process of dunes are sparse, in particular, data involving live plants. In this study, physical model experiments in a moveable-bed wave flume were carried out to investigate the effect of live plants on the wave-induced dune erosion process. The dune grass Sporobolus virginicus was grown in pots with dune sediment, transplanted into test dunes and subjected to both regular and irregular wave attack. Measurements of hydrodynamics and profile evolution show that the vegetation does affect the eroded dune volume and the dune scarp retreat rate. During wave flume testing vegetation density ranged from 0 to 80 plants per square meter and plant maturity (i.e. age) was varied between 0 and 12 weeks but further tests are necessary to substantiate the observed trends. The maturity of the plants’ root system yielded the most significant impact on dune erosion as plants with more developed roots were able to reduce the eroded dune volume more than plants with less mature root systems.
A consensus Alu repeat probe for physical mapping

Physical mapping of the human genome involves a variety of complex hybridization-based procedures, some of which rely upon the ability to separate human clones derived from human-rodent hybrid cell lines from those that contain background rodent-derived DNA sequences. The ability to block the repetitive element (Alu repeat) portion of inter-Alu PCR products derived from a variety of complex sources is also crucial for the isolation of unique DNA sequences. Here we report the construction and characterization of a new consensus Alu repeat probe (pPD39) designed for these purposes.
26: Differentiation of UCB-Derived Multi-Lineage Progenitor Cells Into Respiratory Epithelial Cells

in murine systemic blood flow. While CD34 CD45 cells are enriched in hematopoietic colony forming cell activity, only CD34 CD45cells give rise to ECFC in vitro. Recent studies indicate that ECFC can be derived from umbilical arterial and venous endothelial cells as well as endothelium from several other vascular sites. Thus, umbilical cord blood and blood vessels may be sources of cells that can be used for vascular regeneration.
Spatial pileup considerations for pixellated gamma-ray detectors

High-spatial-resolution solid-state detectors being developed for gamma-ray applications benefit from having pixel dimensions substantially smaller than detector slab thickness. This leads to an enhanced possibility of charge partially spreading to neighboring pixels as a result of diffusion (and secondary photon emission) transverse to the drift direction. An undesirable consequence is the effective magnification of the event "size" and the spatial overlap issues which result when two photons are absorbed in close proximity within the integration time of the detector/readout system. In this work, we develop the general statistics of spatial pileup in imaging systems and apply the results to detectors we are developing based on pixellated cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTe) and a multiplexing application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) readout. We consider the limitations imposed on total count rate capacity and explore in detail the consequences for the LISTMODE data-acquisition strategy. Algorithms are proposed for identifying and, where possible, resolving overlapping events by maximum-likelihood estimation. The efficacy and noise tolerance of these algorithms will be tested with a combination of simulated and experimental data in future work.
Production Measurements Affected by X-irradiation of Chicken Semen

Abstract Single Comb White Leghorn (S.C.W.L.) and Dark Cornish semen was X-irradiated with 1000 r. and introduced into S.C.W.L. hens to produce S.C.W.L. and crossbred chicks. The irradiation reduced the fertilizing capacity of the semen about 25% and the hatchability of the embryos about 38%. Semen of the two breeds was affected differently since there was much less alteration of embryonic development among purebred, S.C.W.L. chicks than among Cornish-sired crossbreds. As is typical, crossbred chicks gained weight faster than purebred S.C.W.L. irrespective of radiation damage. After irradiation, live weight was 4% less at 16 weeks of age for the crossbreds but no substantial effect on growth was evident for the S.C.W.L., although they were significantly heavier at hatching in the irradiated population. The rate of egg production in the first 30 days declined 15% under pressure from the irradiation damage. The distribution, as well as the frequency, of embryonic mortalities changed after parental semen irradiation. The majority of embryonic deaths occurred during the first 6 days of incubation with a coincidental decrease in the proportion of deaths occurring late during incubation. Posthatching mortalities were not affected for S.C.W.L. but were doubled for Cornish up to 16 weeks old.
Neutral depletion and plasma flows in a pulsed high power helicon plasma

Neutral depletion effects are studied in a flowing, low pressure argon helicon discharge in a 10 cm diameter, 1.5 m long helicon source operating at 13.56 MHz with static magnetic fields up to 1 kG in both flat and nozzle configurations. Argon gas flow rates of 1 to 20 sccm correspond to the collisionless helicon wave regime at pressures of 10−5 Torr to the collisional regime at a few mTorr as one moves from the downstream turbo-pump region (z = 45 cm from the downstream antenna edge) to the upstream gas feed region (z = −50 cm) in the flowing system. RF power up to 10 kW is fed to an 18 cm long, half-turn, double helix antenna with 5 ms pulse period. By programmed tuning of the RF frequency (between 12 MHz and 15 MHz), the reflected power remains low (≪3%) as the plasma load presented to the helicon wave antenna changes during the during the RF pulse. Microwave interferometry (105 GHz), collisional radiative spectroscopic codes and diamagnetic loops are used to measure electron density and temperature [1]. An initial transient high density peak (≫1014/cc) is observed followed by the development of a neutral-depleted steady state leading to plasma acceleration due to the reduced neutral drag. Axial variations in the plasma density (≫1012/cc), electron temperatures (2–30 eV) and neutral depletion are observed along with the substantial plasma acceleration. Observations of neutral depletion, plasma acceleration and the mechanisms responsible will be presented.
Total-dose and single-event effects in switching DC/DC power converters

Total-dose and single-event effects in discrete switching DC/DC power converters are examined using a combination of circuit measurements and simulations. The total-dose experiments focus on the response of the power MOSFET used as the switching element for the converters. The efficiencies of two different types of converters (boost and buck) degrade with increasing total dose, leading to eventual functional failure. The single-event transient response of the converters is determined by the response of the feedback control circuitry. Radiation response is studied using both electrical measurements and simulation techniques, and issues affecting circuit failure are identified.
Precision cosmology from the Lyman α forest: power spectrum and bispectrum

We investigate the promise of the Lya forest for high-precision cosmology in the era of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey using low-order N-point statistics. We show that, with the existing data, one can determine the amplitude, slope and curvature of the slope of the matter power spectrum with a few per cent precision. Higher-order statistics such as the bispectrum provide independent information that can confirm and improve upon the statistical precision from the power spectrum alone. The achievable precision is comparable to that from the cosmic microwave background with upcoming satellites, and complements it by measuring the power spectrum amplitude and shape at smaller scales. Since the data cover the redshift range 2 2.
Nonstationary sinusoidal modeling with efficient estimation of linear frequency chirp parameters

We present an enhanced sinusoidal modeling system that efficiently parameterizes spectral peaks by linear frequency chirp rate, in addition to the standard parameters of amplitude, center frequency, and phase. Similar to a conventional sinusoidal modeling systems, the current system operates in a frame-by-frame manner, but also efficiently obtains a chirp parameter estimate for each peak in a given frame. We demonstrate an application to voice coding where our model captures most of the significant signal information in a spectrogram operating at double the current system's frame rate.
Effects of gender on the sensitivity of rat cardiac muscle to extracellular Ca2

Experiments were designed to determine if the inotropic response to increasing buffer calcium concentration differs in male and female cardiac muscle. Left atrial and papillary muscles were isolated from hearts of 3–4-month old male and female rats, bathed in Krebs–Henseleit solution (30°C), and stimulated at 1.5 Hz. Isometric developed tension was monitored continuously as extracellular Ca2+ was increased in a cumulative fashion. When compared to male atrial muscle, female atrial preparations were more sensitive to the resulting positive inotropic action; EC50 values were 2.89±0.22 and 1.86±0.21 mM in male and female atria, respectively. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) also indicated that there was a significant gender-associated difference in the Ca2+ dose–response curves in atrial muscle. In contrast, papillary muscle did not show a significant gender-related difference in EC50 values (0.88±0.07 and 0.74±0.06 mM in males and females); however, the Ca2+ dose–response curves obtained from male and female preparations were found to be significantly different when compared by ANOVA.
Estimation by Periodogram

El proposito del autor es establecer la relacion entre los metodos de estimacion del periodo y amplitud de un modelo armonico, por Periodograma y Maxima Verosimilitud o Minimos Cuadrados. Tambien se da una formula para el limite inferior de la varianza de un estimador del periodo. En la seccion 5 se dan las «covarianzas asintoticas» de los estimadores.
A Type-Theoretic Framework for Efficient and Safe Colocation of Periodic Real-Time Systems

Desirable application performance is typically guaranteed through the use of Service Level Agreements (SLAs) that specify fixed fractions of resource capacities that must be allocated for unencumbered use by the application. The mapping between what constitutes desirable performance and SLAs is not unique: multiple SLA expressions might be functionally equivalent. Having the flexibility to transform SLAs from one form to another in a manner that is provably safe would enable hosting solutions to achieve significant efficiencies. This paper demonstrates the promise of such an approach by proposing a type-theoretic framework for the representation and safe transformation of SLAs. Based on that framework, the paper describes a methodical approach for the inference of efficient and safe mappings of periodic, real-time tasks to the physical and virtual hosts that constitute a hierarchical scheduler. Extensive experimental results support the conclusion that the flexibility afforded by safe SLA transformations has the potential to yield significant savings.
Six-year report of the periodontal health of fixed and removable partial denture abutment teeth

There were minimal differences in longitudinal periodontal effects when fixed and removable partial dentures were compared. Both treatment alternatives provide long-term periodontal health and should be considered for the restoration of a partially edentulous arch. Regardless of treatment, conscientious home care and professional prophylaxis are recommended.
Top Twelve Ways to Write Better and Faster Opinions Before You Ever Draft a Word

This article is part of a packet developed to train Hearing Officers. It will also be useful to judges.
Cryogenic Instrumentation of an SSC Magnet Test Stand

This paper describes the system used to acquire cryogenic data for the testing of SSC magnets at the Fermilab Magnet Test Facility. An array of pressure transducers, resistance thermometers, vapor pressure thermometers, and signal conditioning circuits are used Readings with time resolution appropriate for quench recording are obtained with a waveform digitizer and steady-state measurements are obtained with higher accuracy using a digital voltmeter. The waveform digitizer is clocked at a 400 Hz sampling rate and these readings are stored in local ring buffers. The system is modular and can be expanded to add more channels. The software for the acquisition, control, logging, and display of cryogenic data consist of two programs which run as separate tasks. These programs (as well as a third program which acquires quench and magnetic data) communicate and pass data using shared global resources. The acquired data are available for analysis via a nationwide DECnetα network.
Static and Dynamic Factors Limit Chromosomal Replication Complexity in Escherichia coli, Avoiding Dangers of Runaway Overreplication

We define chromosomal replication complexity (CRC) as the ratio of the copy number of the most replicated regions to that of unreplicated regions on the same chromosome. Although a typical CRC of eukaryotic or bacterial chromosomes is 2, rapidly growing Escherichia coli cells induce an extra round of replication in their chromosomes (CRC = 4). There are also E. coli mutants with stable CRC∼6. We have investigated the limits and consequences of elevated CRC in E. coli and found three limits: the "natural" CRC limit of ∼8 (cells divide more slowly); the "functional" CRC limit of ∼22 (cells divide extremely slowly); and the "tolerance" CRC limit of ∼64 (cells stop dividing). While the natural limit is likely maintained by the eclipse system spacing replication initiations, the functional limit might reflect the capacity of the chromosome segregation system, rather than dedicated mechanisms, and the tolerance limit may result from titration of limiting replication factors. Whereas recombinational repair is beneficial for cells at the natural and functional CRC limits, we show that it becomes detrimental at the tolerance CRC limit, suggesting recombinational misrepair during the runaway overreplication and giving a rationale for avoidance of the latter.
Teaching rapid reading in the intermediate grades: Helpful or harmful?

Abstract Bergquist (1984) has contended that children can be trained to increase their reading rate without any loss of comprehension. He cites 11 studies that supposedly provide a wealth of supporting research. These 11 studies, plus other more recent research on reading rate, have been closely examined. It was concluded that rapid reading results in a decrease in the accuracy of comprehension. This makes rapid reading training potentially harmful unless it is presented as a skimming skill.
Who should manage immigration-congress or the states? An introduction to constitutional immigration law

Before it became a nation, the United States was comprised of a federation of colonies, each with its own immigration and citizenship laws governing who may enter the colony and under what terms. After the Founding, however, responsibility for citizenship and immigration shifted squarely onto the shoulders of the federal government, and it has resided there ever since. In recent years, many state and local governments have begun to question the immigration policies of Congress and the President, especially given the perceived strain that new arrivals place on both the economy and domestic security. To help us better understand this tension between the national and local governments over noncitizens, this essay explores the development of "constitutional immigration law" by studying the U.S. Supreme Court's interpretation of the proper role of the three branches of the federal government - the President, Congress, and the federal courts - vis-a-vis the inherent police powers of state and local entities to pass and enforce legislation for the common good. This essay will appear as a book chapter in Rachel Buff, Immigrant Rights in the Shadows of United States Citizenship (NYU Press, forthcoming, 2008).
Product channels of the CN + HCNO reaction.

The kinetics of the reaction of CN radical with fulminic acid (HCNO) was studied by transient infrared absorption spectroscopy with the primary goal of resolving whether the dominant product channel is NO + HCCN (1a) or HCN + NCO (1b). HCN, HCCN, and NO reaction products were directly detected. In some experiments, 15N18O reagent was included in the reaction mixtures in order to suppress possible secondary chemistry due to NCO radicals. Several other possible secondary reactions were also investigated and found to be very slow. The resulting product branching fractions of φ1a = 0.98 ± 0.07 for NO + HCCN and φ1b ≤ 0.07 for HCN + NCO, respectively, were obtained at 298 K. The potential energy surface (PES) of the reaction was calculated by ab initio methods at several levels of coupled-cluster theory. The calculations show pathways to channels (1a) and (1b) with nearly identical energetics and a substantial dependence on the level of theory used, suggesting that multireference calculations are needed to acc...
Preparation of Zeolites for TEM Using Microtomy

The application of microtomy to Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) specimen preparation of zeolite catalysts is explained. Using a new acrylic resin (LR White®) thin sections (≤60 nm) may be cut with relative ease. Although the details described are specific to catalysts, microtomy and the use of the acrylic resin are applicable to any hard ceramic powder sample.
Metformin Prevents Cisplatin-Induced Cognitive Impairment and Brain Damage in Mice.

Rationale Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment, also known as ‘chemobrain’, is now widely recognized as a frequent adverse side effect of cancer treatment that often persists into survivorship. There are no drugs available to prevent or treat chemotherapy-induced cognitive deficits. The aim of this study was to establish a mouse model of cisplatin-induced cognitive deficits and to determine the potential preventive effects of the anti-diabetic drug metformin. Results Treatment of C57/BL6J mice with cisplatin (cumulative dose 34.5mg/kg) impaired performance in the novel object and place recognition task as well as in the social discrimination task indicating cognitive deficits. Co-administration of metformin prevented these cisplatin-induced cognitive impairments. At the structural level, we demonstrate that cisplatin reduces coherency of white matter fibers in the cingulate cortex. Moreover, the number of dendritic spines and neuronal arborizations as quantified on Golgi-stained brains was reduced after cisplatin treatment. Co-administration of metformin prevented all of these structural abnormalities in cisplatin-treated mice. In contrast to what has been reported in other models of chemobrain, we do not have evidence for persistent microglial or astrocyte activation in the brains of cisplatin-treated mice. Finally, we show that co-administration of metformin also protects against cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy. Conclusion In summary, we show here for the first time that treatment of mice with cisplatin induces cognitive deficits that are associated with structural abnormalities in the brain. Moreover, we present the first evidence that the widely used and safe anti-diabetic drug metformin protects against these deleterious effects of cancer treatment. In view of the ongoing clinical trials to examine the potential efficacy of metformin as add-on therapy in patients treated for cancer, these findings should allow rapid clinical translation.
Design and Perching Experiments of Bird-like Remote Controlled Planes

This paper describes the design of bio-mimetic remote controlled airplanes and experiments in perching them. The goal of this research is the development of a biomimetic robotic bird that can alight and rest on a perch. Design starts with the overall architecture including airfoil selection and mass determination given performance requirements. Particular attention is given to the stability analysis since with a bird-like planform with the tail so close to the body and without a vertical tail surface many designs are unstable. The stability matrices are also the basis of the PID controller design. Several foamie planes were built to test different designs and control strategies. Most of the perching experiments used the Dreamflight® Alula glider because it was one of the most bird-like planforms that is available commercially. A catapult launcher and a perch were set up in the AFRL Aviari indoor flight facility which uses motion capture cameras to determine to vehicle state. This allows control algorithms to be developed off-board the plane saving on weight of sensors and on-board computers. Various control strategies were tested from mostly open loop flights, relatively simple PID controllers, to fuzzy logic and dynamic inversion. This paper is limited to the development and testing of the PID controllers.
The von Hippel-Lindau gene mutation is associated with the good-prognosis profiling subtype of clear cell renal cell carcinoma

4532 Background: The prevalence of von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) mutations in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is about 30–50%. The association between VHL mutation and patient prognosis remains c...
YodL and YisK Possess Shape-Modifying Activities That Are Suppressed by Mutations in Bacillus subtilis mreB and mbl

ABSTRACT Many bacteria utilize actin-like proteins to direct peptidoglycan (PG) synthesis. MreB and MreB-like proteins are thought to act as scaffolds, guiding the localization and activity of key PG-synthesizing proteins during cell elongation. Despite their critical role in viability and cell shape maintenance, very little is known about how the activity of MreB family proteins is regulated. Using a Bacillus subtilis misexpression screen, we identified two genes, yodL and yisK, that when misexpressed lead to loss of cell width control and cell lysis. Expression analysis suggested that yodL and yisK are previously uncharacterized Spo0A-regulated genes, and consistent with these observations, a ΔyodL ΔyisK mutant exhibited reduced sporulation efficiency. Suppressors resistant to YodL9s killing activity occurred primarily in mreB mutants and resulted in amino acid substitutions at the interface between MreB and the highly conserved morphogenic protein RodZ, whereas suppressors resistant to YisK occurred primarily in mbl mutants and mapped to Mbl9s predicted ATP-binding pocket. YodL9s shape-altering activity appears to require MreB, as a ΔmreB mutant was resistant to the effects of YodL but not YisK. Similarly, YisK appears to require Mbl, as a Δmbl mutant was resistant to the cell-widening effects of YisK but not of YodL. Collectively, our results suggest that YodL and YisK likely modulate MreB and Mbl activity, possibly during the early stages of sporulation. IMPORTANCE The peptidoglycan (PG) component of the cell envelope confers structural rigidity to bacteria and protects them from osmotic pressure. MreB and MreB-like proteins are thought to act as scaffolds for PG synthesis and are essential in bacteria exhibiting nonpolar growth. Despite the critical role of MreB-like proteins, we lack mechanistic insight into how their activities are regulated. Here, we describe the discovery of two B. subtilis proteins, YodL and YisK, which modulate MreB and Mbl activities. Our data suggest that YodL specifically targets MreB, whereas YisK targets Mbl. The apparent specificities with which YodL and YisK are able to differentially target MreB and Mbl make them potentially powerful tools for probing the mechanics of cytoskeletal function in bacteria.
Asymptotically compatible schemes for the approximation of fractional Laplacian and related nonlocal diffusion problems on bounded domains

Approximations of solutions of fractional Laplacian equations on bounded domains are considered. Such equations allow global interactions between points separated by arbitrarily large distances. Two approximations are introduced. First, interactions are localized so that only points less than some specified distance, referred to as the interaction radius, are allowed to interact. The resulting truncated problem is a special case of a more general nonlocal diffusion problem. The second approximation is the spatial discretization of the related nonlocal diffusion problem. A recently developed abstract framework for asymptotically compatible schemes is applied to prove convergence results for solutions of the truncated and discretized problem to the solutions of the fractional Laplacian problems. Intermediate results also provide new convergence results for the nonlocal diffusion problem. Special attention is paid to limiting behaviors as the interaction radius increases and the spatial grid size decreases, regardless of how these parameters may or may not be dependent. In particular, we show that conforming Galerkin finite element approximations of the nonlocal diffusion equation are always asymptotically compatible schemes for the corresponding fractional Laplacian model as the interaction radius increases and the grid size decreases. The results are developed with minimal regularity assumptions on the solution and are applicable to general domains and general geometric meshes with no restriction on the space dimension and with data that are only required to be square integrable. Furthermore, our results also solve an open conjecture given in the literature about the convergence of numerical solutions on a fixed mesh as the interaction radius increases.
On the probability of ancestors in the fossil record

Three homogeneous models of species origination and extinction are used to assess the probability that ancestor-descendant pairs are preserved in the fossil record. In the model of cladogenetic budding, a species can persist after it branches and can therefore have multiple direct descendants. In the bifurcation model, a species branches to give rise to two distinct direct descendants, itself terminating in the process. In the model of phyletic transformation, a species gives rise to a single direct descendant without branching, itself terminating in the process. Assuming homogeneous preservation, even under pessimistic assumptions regarding the completeness of the fossil record, the probability of finding fossil ancestor-descendant pairs is not negligible. Even if all species of Phanerozoic marine invertebrates in the paleontologically important taxa had the same probability of preservation, on the order of 1%-10% or more of the known fossil species would be directly ancestral to other known fossil species. However, this is likely to be an underestimate, since the probability of finding ancestor-descendant pairs is enhanced by taxonomic, temporal, and spatial heterogeneities in preservation probability. Moreover, indirect genealogical relationships substantially increase the probability of finding ancestor-descendant pairs. The model of budding, the only one in which an ancestor can persist after a branching event, predicts that half or more of extant species have ancestors that are also extant. Thus, the question of how to recognize ancestor-descendant pairs must be carefully considered.
Space Colonies and Their Critics

I will discuss first how Gerard O’Neill’s case for space colonies drew inspiration from several space pioneers such as Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, John Bernal , Hermann Oberth, Guido Von Pirquet, Hermann Noordung, Wernher von Braun, and Krafft Ehricke, all of whom had envisioned boundless possibilities for humankind in the exploration and colonization of the cosmos. I will then take a critical look at the objections brought up by O’Neill’s environmentalist critics, e.g., Wendell Berry and Dennis Meadows, who believed instead that the very attempt to escape our limits by going into space was irresponsible daydreaming. Nevertheless, I will point out, in spite of the bitterness of the controversy, both sides created the basis for cooperation decades later, bringing up the possibility of realizing the scenarios dreamed by O’Neill.
Quark-photon-quark correlation and transverse target single spin asymmetry in inclusive DIS

We calculate the $q\ensuremath{\gamma}q$ correlation function associated to transverse target lepton-nucleon inclusive deep-inelastic scattering by direct evaluation of the corresponding matrix element utilizing the electromagnetic impact parameter fields for a transversely polarized nucleon. The results are compared with the two existing models for the $q\ensuremath{\gamma}q$ correlator. Using the calculated $q\ensuremath{\gamma}q$ correlation function, we estimate the transverse target single-spin asymmetry in an inclusive DIS process.
Deliberation and choice making as part of CPTED planning in the Old Wythe Neighborhood

Summary form only given. Sometimes process is more important than product, and this is nearly always true as part of CPTED planning. For example, the City of Miami Shores, Florida, would not have instituted its street closing program were it not for the leadership skills of two hopeful residents who organized a campaign for change and sought the input and involvement of every city resident. The reductions in crime that the program experienced were as much a result of the process of community organization as they were of the barricades themselves. This presentation considers another case, that of the Old Wythe Neighborhood in Hampton, Virginia. Like Miami Shores, its CPTED program was initiated by a few well-meaning leaders in the community. When they proposed closing more than 25 streets in the neighborhood, the City Council came under attack for not following its own neighborhood planning processes. The result was a process that included residents from every district in the neighborhood, plus representatives of surrounding neighborhoods, staff from various city departments and agencies, and a CPTED consultant. Over a six-month period, this group developed a workable plan for CPTED improvements to the neighborhood, approved by more than 80 percent of neighborhood residents. An interesting aspect of this process was the use of a choice making model that allowed the community to deliberate the pros and cons - and the tradeoffs - of various approaches to neighborhood improvement. The key considerations include: how choices are identified and refined, what happens during deliberation, and how the information gathered during the deliberative process gets converted into a plan and strategies for action. The Old Wythe case can be used to drive a training session about choice making as part of neighborhood CPTED planning.
Giving Students the Power to Engage with Learning

This critical discourse analysis study identifies and describes power relationships in elementary classrooms that support science engagement by providing students time to think, ask questions, and find their voices to talk about subject matter. The first analyses involved identification and description of classroom episodes showing high levels of student power and engagement associated with learning science. Classroom episodes were grouped into seven power patterns: use of questions, teacher sharing authority, giving students credit for knowledge, legitimate digressions, enhanced feedback, and writing opportunities. The second analyses documented the manner in which these patterns formed more complex classroom engagement processes called power clusters. These examples further our understanding of the dynamics of classroom discourse and the relationships between student power and engagement in subject matter.
Thrombocytosis in Iron Deficiency Anemia: What the Primary Care Physician Needs To Know.

The prevalence of reactive thrombocytosis in iron deficiency anemia (IDA) as well as it’s duration and need of further work up is not always known by primary care physicians (PCP). The data we know came mainly from papers published back in the 1960’s involving small sample sizes, most of which consisted of pediatric patients. The most widely cited publication is based on Schloesser’s 1965 review of 46 iron deficient anemic adult patients (Hb A comprehensive chart review of 450 patients with a diagnosis of anemia between 2002 and 2006 was performed. These patients were screened for iron deficiency anemia using the following criteria: Hb ≤ 12 for women and Hb ≤ 14 for men, ferritin ≤ 20. Anemias other than IDA were excluded by identifying patients with concomitant infectious disease, malignancy, pregnancy or with high CRP levels indicative of inflammatory process. Sample size 140 patients. Pre and Post treatment lab data consisting of Hb, Plt, endogenous EPO, Ferritin and Reticulocyte were collected. Results see (table 1). 31% of our patients (43 / 140) experienced thrombocytosis. We found a statistically significant correlation between Hb levels and plt counts. R = −0,299 .p In 65.6 % of our patients thrombocytosis resolved in 28 days or less. (See table 2) The prevalence of thrombocytosis in our series 31% differs from the previous published data. Extreme thrombocytosis was not frequent in our series, none of our patients presented with thrombocytopenia. To our knowledge this is the largest sample size surveyed for such study. A mechanism to explain thrombocytosis in IDA remains unclear but according to our data is not related to either the iron cellular concentration (ferritin) or endogenous erythropoietin level. We recommend that patients with IDA related thrombocytosis should be followed with a CBC 4 weeks after treatment was started. No other work up for thrombocytosis seems to be necessary in the presence of diagnosed IDA. Persistent or increasing thrombocytosis should be followed closely and underlying bone marrow disorder such as myelodysplastic disorders considered as a differential after 4 weeks of complied treatment.
Reduced islet function contributes to impaired glucose homeostasis in fructose-fed mice

Increased sugar consumption, particularly fructose, in the form of sweetened beverages and sweeteners in our diet adversely affects metabolic health. Because these effects are associated with features of the metabolic syndrome in humans, the direct effect of fructose on pancreatic islet function is unknown. Therefore, we examined the islet phenotype of mice fed excess fructose. Fructose-fed mice exhibited fasting hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance but not hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, or hyperuricemia. Islet function was impaired, with decreased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and increased glucagon secretion and high fructose consumption leading to α-cell proliferation and upregulation of the fructose transporter GLUT5, which was localized only in α-cells. Our studies demonstrate that excess fructose consumption contributes to hyperglycemia by affecting both β- and α-cells of islets in mice.
Distributed model predictive control via Proximal Jacobian ADMM for building control applications

This paper investigates a distributed model predictive control (DMPC) framework for building control applications. The proposed framework is general in that it can be easily customized to solve the dynamic optimization problem for a broad class of multi-zone buildings with relatively complex HVAC systems. The Proximal Jacobian alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM), a recent variant of the traditional Gauss-Seidel sequential ADMM is employed and adopted to solve the centralized optimization problem, which ultimately leads to an agent-based parallel updating scheme with guaranteed convergence. A case study on the HVAC energy optimization of a multi-zone building is presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Pest and beneficial arthropods in a ‘Tifton 85’ bermudagrass field in north central Florida

Summary Pest and beneficial arthropods were collected in a ‘Tifton 85’ bermudagrass pasture in north central Florida to assess their impact on forage production. The primary pests were Auchenorrhyncha (leafhoppers and spittlebugs), grasshoppers, grass loopers, plant bugs, fall armyworms, and stinkbugs. Major beneficial arthropods included spiders, damsel bugs, big-eyed bugs, and small possibly parasitoid wasps. The pest populations did not increase to obvious damaging levels during 35 d growing periods after the grass had been mowed to heights of 8 or 15 cm. Thus, pest arthropods probably can be managed by grazing or periodically mowing ‘Tifton 85’ bermudagrass.
A Portrait of Downtown, or the Ideal Shop Window District

The description of the downtown district is the first of the other five portraits, which are aimed at representing the results of the real and online social observations as well as the consideration of the selected journalists’ sources.
Navigational Surgery and Computer Assisted Treatment Planning

The maxillofacial region presents a distinctive challenge with respect to surgical approaches and complex anatomy. The area has unique functional and esthetic requirements, making surgical precision mandatory. In recent years, a trend toward dynamic imaging modalities to help improve the accuracy of maxillofacial reconstruction has developed (Haflfeld et al. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 24:111–9, 1995). CT-guided navigation surgery allows the operator to link previously acquired imaging with clinical findings in the operating room (Haflfeld et al. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 24:111–9, 1995). This enables a live three-dimensional (3D) map of the patient’s anatomy in relation to the surgical site. This utility aids in reducing surgical error and is an area of great interest in the head and neck region. This chapter will review the applications of navigation in maxillofacial surgery.
Der Wert entsprechender Instandhaltung der Beleuchtungsanlagen

Vollstandig verschmutzte Glasflachen sind ein besonders drastischer Beweis von mangelndem Verstandnis fur den Wert ausreichender Beleuchtung, und doch macht sich diese ziemlich bedeutende Kapitalinvestierung erst dann bezahlt, wenn das Glas sauber gehalten wird. Fabrikanten, die es keinesfalls zulassen, das irgendein anderes Moment gewinnbringender Produktion auser acht gelassen wird, sehen ruhig zu, wie durch Schmutz und Staub die Beleuchtung von Monat zu Monat geringer wird, und zwar vor allem deshalb, weil der Verlust nicht sofort als Geldwert in die Augen springt.
René Marqués: Sobre la Formación De Una Identidad Autónoma En La Víspera del Hombre

La vispera del hombre (1959) de Rene Marques, ha sido estudiada por lo general como una novela de iniciacion. Algunos articulos tratan sobre ciertos aspectos del genero; otros identifican ideas relacionadas con eventos historicos o politicos vinculados a la relacion Puerto Rico / EE.UU. Hasta el momento, sin embargo, todo trabajo que estudia La vispera del hombre se circunscribe dentro de la idea de la Bildungsroman. Marques habia leido la obra de Albert Camus, quien habia recibido gran influencia de John Stuart Mill. En La vispera del hombre el lector puede identificar muchas de las ideas de Mill, sobre todo los conceptos de libertad y autonomia. Este articulo no pretende descubrir el origen de estas ideas sino analizar la novela a partir de ellas. Especificamente, pretende demostrar que Marques crea un personaje que sirve de arquetipo del individuo que, en su afan de hallar libertad y autonomia, se enfrenta a incontables contingencias que forman y desarrollan su identidad. A pesar de que el ser humano siempre se halla en la vispera de convertirse en hombre o mujer, lo que importa es escoger un ‘plan de vida’ que asegure autonomia y libertad de lo que Mill llamo el despotismo y la tirania de la sociedad.
Approach to the Treatment of Somatoform Disorders in General Practice

In the United States, the current treatment approaches to somatoform disorders are largely unsuccessful because of the physician’s difficulty in correctly and efficiently making the diagnosis, as well as by the barriers created by traditional United States medical school training in the biophysiological approach to illness with a clearcut mind/body separation. Future success in the treatment of this disorder is dependent upon improving physicians’ ability to diagnose the condition, as well as training physicians on the best approach to meet these patients’ psychosocial needs.
Contact Dermatitis to Cosmetics

Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to cosmetics is extremely common-probably the most common reason patients present for patch testing. The diagnosis should initially be suspected based on the patient history and the distribution of the dermatitis. Once the diagnosis is suspected, empiric recommendations for low allergenicity products should be implemented until patch testing is performed. The face is exposed to greatest number of cosmetics, and as a result, facial dermatitis is the prototypical presentation of cosmetic contact dermatitis. In particular, the eyelids are frequently involved, with common sources including shampoo, conditioner, facial cleansers, makeup remover, mascara, nail polish, acrylic nails, makeup sponges, eyelash curlers, and allergens transferred from the hands. Other typical facial distributions include lateral facial dermatitis, central facial dermatitis, and generalized facial dermatitis, each with its own unique set of most likely causes. Lateral facial and/or neck dermatitis is often a "rinse-off" pattern, with shampoo and/or conditioner rinsing down over these areas. Central facial dermatitis, when due to ACD, can be due to gold being released from gold rings and contaminating makeup foundation or to ingredients in moisturizers, wrinkle creams, topical medications, or makeup. Sparing of the lateral face is largely due to the fact that patients are more assiduous about applying the aforementioned substances to the central face than to the lateral face. Generalized facial dermatitis should trigger consideration of airborne contactants, facial cleansers, makeup foundation, and moisturizers and medications that are being applied confluently. Once adequate patch testing has been performed, there are a number of extremely helpful resources to help patients find products that are safe for use, such as the American Contact Dermatitis Society's "Contact Allergen Management Program" app.
Finite Larmor radius effects at the high confinement mode pedestal and the related force-free steady state

In this letter, we will first relate our previous calculations on the radial electric field at the high confinement H-mode pedestal to the actual magnetic fusion experimental measurements. We will then discuss the new pressure balance due to the E × B current, which is induced by the resulting radial electric field, and its impact on the gyrokinetic MHD equations as well as their conservation properties in the force-free steady state. The recent controversy on the H-mode physics will also be addressed.
The Role of Radiology in Obstructing or Bleeding Anal and Rectal Cancers

Anorectal malignancies may present acutely when complicated by bowel obstruction or bleeding. Abdominal radiographs can screen for bowel obstruction or perforation. CT is a dependable tool to diagnose obstruction and its complications and can stage the disease. MRI is a more sensitive method to assess local extent of tumor. Contrast enema is an alternative method to prove obstruction. The presence and source of GI bleeding can be revealed by CT angiography, scintigraphy, or catheter angiography; the last is most useful when treatment via catheter is feasible.
Biopharmaceutic Risk Assessment of Brand and Generic Lamotrigine Tablets

The therapeutic equivalence of generic and brand name antiepileptic drugs has been questioned by neurologists and the epilepsy community. A potential contributor to such concerns is pharmaceutical quality. The objective was to assess the biopharmaceutic risk of brand name Lamictal 100 mg tablets and generic lamotrigine 100 mg tablets from several manufacturers. Lamotrigine was characterized in terms of the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS), including aqueous solubility and Caco-2 permeability. A panel of pharmaceutical quality tests was also performed on three batches of Lamictal, three batches of Teva generic, and one batch of each of four other generics: appearance, identity, assay, impurity, uniformity of dosage units, disintegration, dissolution, friability, and loss on drying. These market surveillance results indicate that all brand name and generic lamotrigine 100 mg tablets passed all tests and showed acceptable pharmaceutical quality and low biopharmaceutic risk. Lamotrigine was classi...
Inter-subject representational similarity analysis reveals individual variations in affective experience when watching erotic movies

We spend much of our life pursuing or avoiding affective experiences. However, surprisingly little is known about how these experiences are represented in the brain and if they are shared across individuals. Here, we explore variations in the construction of an affective experience during a naturalistic viewing paradigm based on subjective preferences in sociosexual desire and self-control using intersubject representational similarity analysis (IS-RSA). We found that when watching erotic movies, intersubject variations in sociosexual desire preferences of 26 heterosexual males were associated with similarly structured fluctuations in the cortico-striatal reward, default mode, and mentalizing networks. In contrast, variations in the self-control preferences were associated with shared dynamics in the fronto-parietal executive control and cingulo-insula salience networks. Importantly, these results were specific to the affective experience, as we did not observe any relationship with variation in preferences when individuals watched neutral movies. Moreover, these results appear to require multivariate representations of preferences as we did not observe any significant results using single summary scores. Our findings demonstrate that multidimensional variations in individual preferences can be used to uncover unique dimensions of an affective experience, and that IS-RSA can provide new insights into the neural processes underlying psychological experiences elicited through naturalistic experimental designs.