cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Arachidonic acid and its metabolites increase Cai in cultured rat oligodendrocytes

Fluorescence measurements of intracellular calcium (Cai) were made on cultured rat spinal cord oligodendrocytes (OLGs) using the dye fura-2. Exposure of OLGs to arachidonic acid (AA) (5-50 microM) elicited a concentration-dependent increase in Cai that was derived mainly from extracellular Ca2+. AA at 50 microM also released Ca2+ from intracellular stores. The response to AA was not decreased by nifedipine or by inhibition of Na(+)-Ca2+ exchange. AA-induced Ca2+ influx pathway was permeable to Mn2+ and Co2+ but not to Ba2+ and was not markedly influenced by depolarization, suggesting that AA activates a voltage-independent, not strictly selective, Ca2+ channel. The Cai response to AA was partially attenuated in the presence of indomethacin, indicating that the Cai response was mediated in part by cyclooxygenase products of AA. However, the AA-induced Cai response far exceeded that induced by prostaglandins and was mimicked by linoleic acid. We conclude that AA modulates Cai of OLGs via two mechanisms: 1) indirectly via cyclooxygenase pathway and 2) directly via membrane lipid-protein interaction.
Application of systems and control theory-based hazard analysis to radiation oncology.

Purpose: Both humans and software are notoriously challenging to account for in traditional hazard analysis models. The purpose of this work is to investigate and demonstrate the application of a new, extended accident causality model, called systems theoretic accident model and processes (STAMP), to radiationoncology. Specifically, a hazard analysis technique based on STAMP, system-theoretic process analysis (STPA), is used to perform a hazard analysis. Methods: The STPA procedure starts with the definition of high-level accidents for radiationoncology at the medical center and the hazards leading to those accidents. From there, the hierarchical safety control structure of the radiationoncology clinic is modeled, i.e., the controls that are used to prevent accidents and provide effective treatment. Using STPA, unsafe control actions (behaviors) are identified that can lead to the hazards as well as causal scenarios that can lead to the identified unsafe control. This information can be used to eliminate or mitigate potential hazards. The STPA procedure is demonstrated on a new online adaptive cranial radiosurgery procedure that omits the CT simulation step and uses CBCT for localization, planning, and surface imaging system during treatment. Results: The STPA procedure generated a comprehensive set of causal scenarios that are traced back to system hazards and accidents. Ten control loops were created for the new SRS procedure, which covered the areas of hospital and department management, treatment design and delivery, and vendor service. Eighty three unsafe control actions were identified as well as 472 causal scenarios that could lead to those unsafe control actions. Conclusions: STPA provides a method for understanding the role of management decisions and hospital operations on system safety and generating process design requirements to prevent hazards and accidents. The interaction of people, hardware, and software is highlighted. The method of STPA produces results that can be used to improve safety and prevent accidents and warrants further investigation.
Qualitative and quantitative analyses of cancer-related dietary risk among public housing residents

A9 Background: Improving diet among low income populations is one important pathway to addressing disparities in cancer risk. Because elements of diet are interrelated, studies of dietary patterns and behaviors can complement more specific analyses of individual nutrients. We conducted both qualitative and quantitative analyses of 468 24-hour dietary recalls from 156 African American women residents of Washington DC public housing, in order to better understand contextual factors associated with dietary patterns. Recalls were collected at baseline from women participants in an American Cancer Society funded nutrition education intervention, conducted from 2001-2003 in 11 public housing communities in the District of Columbia. Methods: Recalls were rated for five cancer-related dietary characteristics (fruits/vegetables, %fat, calories, alcohol, and Healthy Eating Index score), and dietary patterns were examined to determine if a single underlying construct capturing cancer-related dietary behavior was exhibited in respondents’ habitual diet. Qualitative textual analyses of dietary records were used to identify contextual aspects of food patterns within and across these index score groups, such as the timing, setting, and social composition of eating events, and the characteristics of foods and food groups consumed. Multivariate models were used to identify individual psychosocial as well as community-level variables associated with cancer-related dietary index scores. Results: 61% met none or only one dietary goal; alcohol abstention was most common (64%). Only 12% achieve either 3 (6%), 4 (4%) or all 5 (
Vertical Partial Laryngectomy without Tracheotomy: The Use of the Cook Airway Exchange Catheter to Avoid Tracheotomy:

Occasionally, advances in another specialty provide the opportunity for an advance in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery. One example is the Cook airway exchange catheter. In very selected cases, the use of this exchange catheter will allow the performance of vertical partial laryngectomy without the need for tracheotomy.
Validation of A Low-Order Model for Closed Loop Flow Control Enabled Flight

A simple low-order model is derived to determine the flow forces and moments on an airfoil that arbitrarily pitches and plunges with the presence of synthetic jet actuation for the use in an adaptive closed-loop control scheme. The low-order model captures the attached flow response of an airfoil in the presence of synthetic jet actuators near the trailing edge. The model includes two explicit non-linear states for fluid variables and can be easily coupled to the rigid body dynamics of the system. The model is validated with high fidelity numerical simulations and experiments. The low-order model agreement with experiments is good for low reduced frequency pitching. The agreement to numerical simulations is also good for reduced frequencies that are an order of magnitude higher than those attainable in experiments.
Studies on StaphylococciI. Occurrence of Bacteriophage Carriers among Strains of Staphylococcus Aureus

strain and another studied by Gildemeister and Herzberg2 caused lysis of Shigella dysenteriae, while the strains carrying the phage were said to resist lysis. A high proportion of phage carriers was later noted among strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae by Smith and Jordan3 and by Burnet4 among members of the genus Salmonella. Such a phage-bacterium relationship, the origin of which is not clear, must be a most intimate one as evidenced by its persistence through indefinite series of subculturing and its passage through the spore stage of lysogenic spore forming bacilli.5 Topley and Wilson6 interpret the reports on lysogenesis to indicate a symbiotic relationship between phage and bacterium and that this may be, "an exceedingly common event; so common that it would at the moment be unwise to assert that any bacterial strain was certainly not carrying phage." The occurrence of "nibbled" colonies or other phage induced variations among stock cultures may be an indication of alteration in the normal relationship of phage to bacterium wherein the resistance of the organism is in some way altered. It seems possible that the origin and persistence of lysogenesis may play an important part in determining many characteristics of a given organism. Certain problems arising in connection with our studies on staphylococci led us to investigate the existence of lysogenic strains among this group of organisms. Although the isolation of phages for members of the enteric group of organisms by conventional phage technic is a relatively simple matter, application of these methods to demonstrate staphylococcus phages has led to less frequent success. Inherent differences between the two groups of phages, especially the common inactivation of staphylococcus phages, possibly by absorption, by tissue cells and various microorganisms including susceptible and resistant staphylococci probably play a part in the difficulties encountered in their isolation. This may be particularly true of cell free filtrates where adsorbed phage would be prevented from passing the filter. In searching for a suitable method of demonstrating phage-carriers among staphylococci the action of phage lysin was utilized with success where filtration methods and heat or chemical sterilizing agents failed to demonstrate phage action. Received for publication, February 16, 1942. 1. Compt. rend. Soc. de biol. 86: 569, 1922; 87: 1011, 1922. 2. Zentralbl. f. Bact. (Abt. I) 93: 402, 1924. 3. J. Bact. 21: 75, 1931. 4. Australian J. Exper. Biol. & M. Sc. 6: 277, 1921; J. Path. & Bact. 35: 851, 1932. 5. den Dooren de Jong, L. E.: Zentralbl. f. Bakt. 120: 1, 1931; Cowles, P. B.: J. Bact. 22: 119, 1931. 6. Topley, W. W. C., and Wilson, G. S.: Principles of Bacteriology and Immunity, New York, William Wood, 1936, p. 239.
Labor, Liberty, and the Law: Trade Unionism and the Problem of the American Constitutional Order

In 1958, American workers -who had first given May Day political currency in 1886saw the holiday officially assigned a new, public meaning: Law Day. Responding to a spirited campaign by the American Bar Association (ABA), President Dwight D. Eisenhower, in words that would soon be repeated in joint resolutions of Congress, declared that "freedom under law is like the air we breathe. People take it for granted and are unaware of it -until they are deprived of it." Even in the proclamation of Law Day, however, the president tacitly acknowledged other associations with the day. Immediately identifying the canons of jurisprudence with the welfare of the American worker, the proclamation quoted the famous lines of Edmund Burke: "The poorest man may, in his cottage, bid defiance to all the forces of the Crown . . . the storms may enter; the rain may enter but the King of England cannot enter: all his forces dare not cross the threshold of that ruined tenement!" Beyond protecting rich and poor alike from its own wrath, the state, affirmed the Republican president, had also entered into a new social compact with American working people.
Higher-order iterative learning control by pole placement and noise filtering

Abstract This paper makes a comprehensive examination of likely sources that may give rise to higher-order iterative learning control (ILC) laws. Possibilities considered are higher-order model structure, improved learning speed, minimization of various quadratic cost functions, ILC designs based on predictive control, pole placement, direct and indirect adaptive control, and noise filtering. It is shown that among these possibilities, only a non-standard case of pole placement and noise filtering will naturally result in iterative learning controllers with orders higher than one.
Effects of Flexible Wings in Hover Flight at Fruit Fly Scale

Fruit flies have flexible wings that deform significantly. To explore the fluid-structure interaction of flexible wings, we use a well-validated Navier-Stokes equation solver, fullycoupled with a structural dynamics solver. A hover flight is considered at a Reynolds number of Re = 100, equivalent to that of fruit flies. The thickness and density of the simulated wing also corresponds to a fruit fly wing. The wing stiffness and motion amplitude are varied to assess their influences on the resulting aerodynamic performance and structural response. Highest lift of 3.3 is obtained at the lowest-amplitude, highest-frequency motion (reduced frequency of 3.0) at the lowest stiffness (frequency ratio of 0.7) wing, although the corresponding power required is also high. Optimal efficiency of 0.6 was achieved for a lower reduced frequency of 0.3 and frequency ratio 0.35. Compared to the previously reported results at water tunnel scale, the aerodynamic characteristics were similar, while the structural response varied significantly. Despite these differences, the time-averaged lift scaled with the shape deformation parameter γ. The resulting flexible wing motion for the most efficient case was closely aligned to the the fruit fly measurements, suggesting that fruit fly flight aims to conserve energy, rather than to generate large forces.
Coupled CFD/CSD Simulations of the UH-60A Main Rotor in High Thrust Forward Flight

Two high thrust forward flight conditions for the UH-60A helicopter were simulated using a delta-airloads iterative CFD/CSD loose coupling procedure. The unstructured Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) solver U 2 NCLE was coupled to DYMORE 2 through a Python script. CFD was applied to the analysis of one blade of the four-bladed rotor and a free wake model was used to represent effects of the remaining three blades in the system. Coupled results with CFD-based airloads were compared with those from aerodynamic model airloads and flight test data. CFD airloads captured important phenomena such as dynamic stall and reverse flow over the retreating blade, thereby improving the performance prediction while incurring a substantial computational cost as compared to an analysis using the CSD simplified aerodynamics model. A method of improving control system robustness was successfully used during the CFD/CSD coupling process to determine that the flight conditions were within the level flight envelope of the vehicle.
Resource Control and Its Deployments in IP Access Network

In current communication network,the part of access network is always the bottleneck for QoS guarantee.The resource control and its deployments in IP access network is studied and given three kinds of possible resource control architectures in IP access network,then it can provide the QoS guarantee abilities for application data flows in IP access network and that will be the base to realize the end-to-end QoS guarantee.
Discussion on Environmental Issues and Environmental Construction Strategies of Yuncheng City

Analyzed present situation of poor environmental quality,inefficient use of resources,emissions increasing and urban rural infrastructure in arrears after city change.According to the characteristics of resources and environment in Yuncheng,the author pointed out some thoughts and ideas for solving these environmental issues,such as changing concepts,publicizing education,putting forward good plans,improving the legal system and policies,relying on science and technology.Finally,establish suitable economic development model of Yuncheng City.
Design of emitter structures based on resonant perfect absorption for thermophotovoltaic applications

We report a class of thermophotovoltaic emitter structures built upon planar films that support resonant modes, known as perfectly-absorbing modes, that facilitate an exceptional optical response for selective emission. These planar structures have several key advantages over previously-proposed designs for TPV applications: they are simple to fabricate, are stable across a range of temperatures and conditions, and are capable of achieving some of the highest spectral efficiencies reported of any class of emitter structure. Utilization of these emitters leads to exceptionally high device efficiencies under low operating temperature conditions, which should open new opportunities for waste heat management. We present a theoretical framework for understanding this performance, and show that this framework can be leveraged as a search algorithm for promising candidate structures. In addition to providing an efficient theoretical methodology for identifying high-performance emitter structures, our methodology provides new insight into underlying design principles and should pave way for future design of structures that are simple to fabricate, temperature stable, and possess exceptional optical properties.
Rejuvenation of the Facial Upper Third

I am honored to have been given the opportunity to share with you, our reader, this issue ofAtlas of the Oral andMaxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America on facial rejuvenation of the upper third. The upper face has always been simplified with treatment of isolated areas, such as eyelids only, but advances and innovations in facial cosmetic surgery medicine allow us to further define our techniques to offer patients a more comprehensive approach to rejuvenation. We have been most fortunate to have experts from our field and allied colleagues support this issue with their expertise from years of clinical practice. Having contributions from the finest surgeons in facial cosmetic surgery, this issue presents information in a very clear, concise, and up-to-date manner that will allow readers of all backgrounds to benefit, either as review or to learn new techniques. This issue will first embark on the nonsurgical therapies used to enhance upper facial regions with use of injectables and skin care regimens, followed by invasive treatment specific for brow and eyelid management. Pitfalls and complications are discussed. You will find this issue to be complete, with excellent illustrations supplemented with
Abstract 1264: Targeting nuclear receptors and their coregulators in triple-negative breast cancer

Metastasis and chemoresistance remain significant challenges in treating triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Nuclear receptors (NRs) are ligand-inducible transcriptional factors that play essential roles in key biological processes from embryonic development to differentiation, regulation of gene expression, and homeostasis, and their dysregulation has been implicated in many different pathologies including cancer. Using MDA-MB-231 cells as a model, we performed a siRNA screening to determine the importance of NRs and their co-regulators in cancer cell proliferation and death of TNBC. A total of 84 siRNA pools, each targeting a different gene, were evaluated. To further validate the candidate genes, we transfected MDA-MB-231 cells with each of the four individual siRNAs comprising each pool. The effect of candidate genes on the invasion and chemoresistance of TNBC cell lines was also assayed in vitro. Among 4 candidate genes, we focused in greater depth on steroid receptor coactivator-3 (NCOA3), which is a member of the p160 steroid receptor coactivators and found to be overexpressed in breast cancer. We found that although NCOA3 knockdown moderately inhibited the tumor growth of TNBC cells (MDA-MB-231, BT549, and HS578), the addition of siNCOA3 and paclitaxel significantly decreased cell proliferation and increased caspase-3/7 activity. In transwell invasion assays, NCOA3 knockdown also significantly decreased the invasion of TNBC cells. These results suggest that targeting NCOA3 is worth investigating for the treatment of TNBCs. Citation Format: Ya-Fang Chang, Yuhao Wang, Geoffrey Greene. Targeting nuclear receptors and their coregulators in triple-negative breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1264.
Chapter 6 – Security Offerings*

This essay surveys the extant literature and adds to the empirical evidence on issuance activity, flotation costs, and valuation effects of security offerings. We focus primarily on public offerings of equity for cash, although we also review and present new evidence on debt offerings and private placements. The essay has four major parts: (1) We review aggregate issue activity in exchange listed securities from 1980 through 2004. Following the IPO, only about one-half of the publicly traded firms undertake a public security offering of any type, and only about one-quarter undertake a SEO. Thus, SEOs are relatively rare, which is consistent with adverse selection costs being an important consideration when raising cash externally. (2) We review the evidence on direct issue costs across security types and flotation methods, including the more recent SEO underpricing phenomenon. A large number of studies provide evidence on the determinants of underwriter compensation, and confirm the importance of variables capturing information asymmetries and underwriter competition. (3) We survey and interpret the valuation effects of security issue announcements. In the period since the Eckbo and Masulis (1995) survey, many studies examining announcement-period stock returns have focused on the effects of flotation method choice and foreign offerings. The well-known negative average announcement effect observed for U.S. SEOs appears to be a somewhat U.S.-specific phenomenon. (4) We review and extend evidence on the performance of issuing firms in the five year post-issue period. The literature proposes either a risk based-explanation or a behavioral explanation for the phenomenon of low average realized returns following IPOs and SEOs. Standard factor model regressions fail to reject the null that the low average returns are commensurate with issuers’ risk exposures. Recent theoretical developments suggest that lower risk levels following equity issues may be linked to issuers’ investment activity, a promising direction for future research.
CHAPTER 19 – Cross-Protection and Systemic Acquired Resistance for Control of Plant Diseases

This chapter provides a comparative analysis of cross-protection and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) responses that occur in pathogens. Cross-protection is considered to take place when the presence of an established pathogen prevents a related pathogen from fully expressing its disease-causing potential. SAR occurs when a plant is inoculated with a virulent pathogen against which it is able to mount a resistance reaction, usually in the form of a necrotic hypersensitive reaction (HR) like a local lesion. When that plant is later inoculated with a pathogen to which it is normally susceptible (whether it is related or not to the first pathogen), infection can be greatly limited or prevented. There are two main reasons for commonly considering cross-protection and SAR together. The first is an observation that both cause a susceptible plant to become resistant, and the second is that a delay of a few days is needed between the first inoculation and the inoculation with the second pathogen, or else the response is not seen. The major differences between these two phenomena include the specificity with respect to the pathogen against which resistance is active, which is high for cross-protection and low for SAR, and the need for the protective pathogen to be present in tissue with increased resistance, which is a requirement for cross-protection and not needed for SAR.
Immigration, Undocumented Students, and Sexuality Education in Schools: Collapsing Borders

In this chapter, we draw particular attention to the ways in which sexual identity and relationship to the state are part of formal schooling. While there are some specific curricular locations where topics of sexuality and national identity are explicitly discussed, these topics are in fact replete, in every content area, in every classroom, in every assessment given. We bring attention to the ways that schooling subtly and explicitly provides parameters and pathways for legitimate and illegitimate beings as subjects under the state.
Catullus 37: Lesbia, Egnatius, and Roman Mime

Within the 'Lesbia' cycle of Catullan poems, poem 37 on the salax taberna has received minimal scholarly attention, due principally to its obscene content and language. This poem deserves a fuller exploration of its significant place in the Catullan corpus. Several critics of Catullus' carmina have noticed the connection of poem 37 to poem 36, where the truces iambi that Lesbia wishes to consign to the flames in poem 36 may refer to poem 37, which attacks her as one of the occupants of the salax taberna. Yet approaches to how poem 37 relates to other poems in the Catullan corpus vary widely. Donald Lateiner and Marilyn Skinner focus on the meaning and function of its obscene language. Brian Krostenko and Alan Booth examine Catullus' characterisation of Egnatius in poems 37 and 39 and consider the relative chronology of these poems. Marguerite Johnson argues that Catullus contrasts military and erotic warfare in poem 37, suggesting that the Temple of Castor and Pollux in 37.2 and the magna bella fought by Catullus for the sake of Lesbia in 37.13 may be subtle references to the Trojan war, and Catullus' imagining of Lesbia as Helen.
Atrial Fibrillation, Type 2 Diabetes, and Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants: A Review.

Importance Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and is associated with a 5-fold increase in the risk for stroke. Type 2 diabetes is an independent risk factor for both stroke and atrial fibrillation, and in the setting of AF, type 2 diabetes is independently associated with a 2% to 3.5% increase in absolute stroke rate per year. The overlap in the pathophysiologies of AF and type 2 diabetes are not well understood, and current practice guidelines provide few recommendations regarding patients with both conditions. Observations In this article, we review the epidemiology and pathophysiology of the nexus of AF and type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, we analyze the subgroup of patients with type 2 diabetes enrolled in phase 3 clinical trials of non–vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in prevention of arterial thromboembolism in AF, highlighting the greater absolute benefit of non–vitamin K oral anticoagulants in patients with type 2 diabetes. Finally, we offer recommendations on risk stratification and therapy for patients with concomitant AF and type 2 diabetes. Conclusions and Relevance We highlight the increased thromboembolic risk with coexisting AF and type 2 diabetes. We recommend that further studies be done to evaluate the potential benefits of anticoagulation for all patients who have both and the potential for non–vitamin K oral anticoagulants to have greater benefits than risks over vitamin K antagonists.
Spermidine Promotes Cardioprotective Autophagy.

Cardioprotection and lifespan extension by the natural polyamine spermidine Eisenberg et al Nat Med . 2016;22:1428–1438 A recent study published in Nature Medicine reports that dietary supplementation with spermidine, a natural polyamine, extends life span and reverses aging-associated cardiac dysfunction in mice through induction of autophagy. Similar protective effects of spermidine on human cardiovascular health were also suggested by epidemiological studies.1 Our population is aging—shifting in distribution toward older age—at an unprecedented pace. Based on US population reports, the percentage of people aged >65 years is estimated to increase from 13.4% in 2012 to 19.3% in 2030. And as aging is the greatest risk factor for major life-threatening disorders, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic syndromes, and cancer, these demographic shifts are of great significance.2 Furthermore, the simple extension of longevity falls short of the over-riding objective of extending healthy life (square-waving life). Therefore, there is great interest in interventions that target the aging process per se, as they could potentially provide novel preventive and therapeutic approaches for a wide range of age-associated diseases. In the past 2 decades, studies have identified multiple genetic and pharmacological interventions that extend the lifespan of model organisms, including yeast, worms, flies, and mammals. Caloric restriction (CR), and pharmacological agents that mimic the effects of CR, including rapamycin, metformin, resveratrol, and spermidine, promote longevity in model organisms.3 Interestingly, most interventions converge on a limited number of common cellular processes, including nutrient signaling (insulin and mechanistic target of rapamycin [mTOR] pathways), mitochondrial efficiency, and autophagy. Both CR and inhibition of nutrient signaling induce autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved mechanism that targets damaged or long-lived proteins and organelles for degradation. Autophagy is downregulated over the course of aging, and inhibition of autophagy abolishes the longevity-promoting effects of many manipulations, indicating a strong connection between …
Open Techniques for Carpal Tunnel Release

Open carpal tunnel release surgery is the gold standard and most commonly performed procedure to treat carpal tunnel syndrome. A strong knowledge of the branches of the median nerve and adjacent anatomic structures within and around the tunnel is essential to ensure a safe and complete release. Elective carpal tunnel surgery can be performed under full sedation/general anesthesia, conscious sedation with local anesthesia, intravenous regional anesthesia, or “wide-awake anesthesia.” A mini-open or standard open approach can be made ensuring adequate visualization of the carpal tunnel and adjacent structures. Postoperatively, patients can be safely discharged on the same day of the procedure without antibiotics and can be placed in a soft dressing without a splint. Although open carpal tunnel release is a very successful procedure, complications do occur. The complications from open carpal tunnel surgery can be categorized as persistent, recurrent, or new symptoms (such as pillar pain). The timing, location, and characteristics of the symptoms can guide further evaluation and treatment.
Marx after Marx. History and time in the expansion of capitalism

In recent years, narratives stressing the completion of capitalism have placed the problem of the universalization of its teleological temporality at the centre of theoretical analyses of modernity...
Tensor Biclustering

Consider a dataset where data is collected on multiple features of multiple individuals over multiple times. This type of data can be represented as a three dimensional individual/feature/time tensor and has become increasingly prominent in various areas of science. The tensor biclustering problem computes a subset of individuals and a subset of features whose signal trajectories over time lie in a low-dimensional subspace, modeling similarity among the signal trajectories while allowing different scalings across different individuals or different features. We study the information-theoretic limit of this problem under a generative model. Moreover, we propose an efficient spectral algorithm to solve the tensor biclustering problem and analyze its achievability bound in an asymptotic regime. Finally, we show the efficiency of our proposed method in several synthetic and real datasets.
El rock en México: un camino inesperado hacia la forma natural del mundo de la vida

En este articulo se analizara la influencia del rock en Mexico, no solo como una alternativa al nacionalismo revolucionario, sino tambien a la modernidad capitalista, contexto tanto factico como ontologico del que forma parte la realidad nacional mexicana. Para comprender el significado del rock en sus primeros 15 anos de existencia en Mexico, se examinara como este movimiento sociocultural, del cual se apropio la juventud mexicana, llego a ser no solo una presencia heterogenea disruptiva y (re)constituidora dentro del discurso hegemonico revolucionario, sino tambien una presencia de la que se deriva una posible forma de vida social poscapitalista.
The Howland–Kato Commutator Problem

We investigate the following problem: For what bounded measurable real f and g is the commutator i[f(P), g(Q)] positive? This problem originated in work of James Howland and was pursued by Tosio Kato who suggested what might be the answer. So far, there is no proof that Kato was correct but in this paper we discuss the problem and give some partial answers to the above question.
Are LeDoux’s survival circuits basic emotions under a different name?

In his early work, LeDoux distinguished between implicit emotions (defined as motive states) and explicit emotions (defined as states of consciousness). He has recently suggested that emotion terms like “anger” and “fear” should only be taken to refer to feelings, and that motive states are better captured by a new theory of survival circuits. In this commentary, I reject this proposal, and articulate a New Basic Emotion Theory (BET) which suggests that emotion terms should only be taken to refer to motive states, which may or may not involve feelings. Despite these differences, I will argue that there are significant similarities between LeDoux’s theory of survival circuits and my own New BET.
Reconstruction of degenerate rd mouse retina by transplantation of transgenic photoreceptors.

Photoreceptors from neonatal transgenic mice with normally developing retinas were transplanted to the subretinal spaces of 2-3-month-old rd mutant mice that lack photoreceptors The transgenic mouse photoreceptors express high levels of the lac Z reporter gene product, beta-galactosidase, which facilitated tracking the transplanted cells. Two sources were used for these cells: (1) dissection of retinal microaggregates containing photoreceptors and (2) papain-dissociated photoreceptors. Host retinas were examined after transplantation. Both methods led to survival of photoreceptors for at least 2 mo after transplantation. Relatively mature outer segments were found only in transplanted microaggregates; this occurred optimally when the cells were adjacent to the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). 0-galactosidase-labeled outer segments associated closely with the apical processes of the host RPE, which, together with labeled phagosomes in the RPE cells, suggested functional interaction between the transplanted photoreceptors and the host RPE. This study is the first to the authors' knowledge to show electron microscopically that a morphologicaUy^normal-apDearine DhotoreceDtor layer can be reconstructed in an otherwise photoreceptorless retina. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 33:25792586, 1992
Blindness Associated with Retrobulbar Hemorrhage

The exact sequence of events leading to blindness in patients with retrobulbar hemorrhage remains unclear. However, it is believed that an abnormally high pressure developed within the bony orbit can play an important role in the pathogenesis of this complication. This concept is supported by the clinical finding of blindness coinciding with the onset of intraocular hypertension, lid edema, chemosis and proptosis, clinical features considered characteristic of intraorbital hypertension caused by an expansile mass in the retrobulbar compartment. This entity has attracted much attention in recent years because such complications occurred in individuals who had the cosmetic procedure of blepharoplasty (Hartley et al., 1973). While some have advocated decompression of the globe by perforating the anterior chamber of the eye as the treatment for this complication (Hartley et al., 1973; Hueston & Heinze, 1974), our clinical experience indicated that a more conservative approach in management is preferred (Huang et al., 1977). This includes an immediate control of factors such as systemic hypertension or coagulation abnormality. To further support this method of management, an experimental study was designed to investigate the effects of an abnormally high pressure within the bony orbit upon the ocular structures. The information accumulated from this study forms the basis of this report.
Intraoperative CT Monitoring During Stereotactic Brain Surgery

This paper reports our experience in performing the entire stereotactic surgical procedure with a CT scanner, which shows that target shifting can occur as the probe approaches the target. Therefore, when sampling of small targets or specific sites within larger targets is desired. CT confirmation of the probe’s position ensures that the specific area seen on CT is biopsied.
Linking chromosome duplication and segregation via sister chromatid cohesion.

DNA replication during S phase generates two identical copies of each chromosome. Each chromosome is destined for a daughter cell, but each daughter must receive one and only one copy of each chromosome. To ensure accurate chromosome segregation, eukaryotic cells are equipped with a mechanism to pair the chromosomes during chromosome duplication and hold the pairs until a bi-oriented mitotic spindle is formed and the pairs are pulled apart. This mechanism is known as sister chromatid cohesion, and its actions span the entire cell cycle. During G1, before DNA is copied during S phase, proteins termed cohesins are loaded onto DNA. Paired chromosomes are held together through G2 phase, and finally the cohesins are dismantled during mitosis. The processes governing sister chromatid cohesion ensure that newly replicated sisters are held together from the moment they are generated to the metaphase–anaphase transition, when sisters separate.
Couples, Existential Psychotherapy, and Myocardial Infarction: A Ten Year Evaluation Study

Existential psychotherapy with couples after the occurrence of a myocardial infarction can be a useful, effective, and productive service approach in combination with medical services and cardiac rehabilitation services. In this article the existential treatment dynamics of holding, telling, mastering, and honoring with couples after a heart attack are described and illustrated. In addition, data from a 10-year before-after field evaluation study is reported, which supports the usefulness of the treatment approach.
Efficient MPEG-2 to H.264/AVC Transcoding

There are several research efforts that have been introduced over the past decade to address the computational complexity in the MPEG-2 to H.264/AVC transcoder. This chapter introduces a brief literature survey of related and inspiring work to address such computational complexity problem.
Hibernating myocardium is hypoperfused

An increasing body of cumulative evidence has documented that HM is associated with or can be induced by a reduction of MBF. HM has also been shown to improve/normalize after revascularization.
Identification and validation of a tumor-infiltrating Treg transcriptional signature conserved across species and tumor types

FoxP3+ T regulatory (Treg) cells are central elements of immunologic tolerance. They are abundant in many tumors, where they restrict potentially favorable antitumor responses. We used a three-pronged strategy to identify genes related to the presence and function of Tregs in the tumor microenvironment. Gene expression profiles were generated from tumor-infiltrating Tregs (TITRs) of both human and mouse tumors and were compared with those of Tregs of lymphoid organs or normal tissues from the same individuals. A computational deconvolution of whole-tumor datasets from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was performed to identify transcripts specifically associated with Tregs across thousands of tumors from different stages and locations. We identified a set of TITR-differential transcripts with striking reproducibility between tumor types in mice, between mice and humans, and between different human patients spanning tumor stages. Many of the TITR-preferential transcripts were shared with “tissue Tregs” residing in nonlymphoid tissues, but a tumor-preferential segment could be identified. Many of these TITR signature transcripts were confirmed by mining of TCGA datasets, which also brought forth transcript modules likely representing the parenchymal attraction of, or response to, tumor Tregs. Importantly, the TITR signature included several genes encoding effective targets of tumor immunotherapy. A number of other targets were validated by CRISPR-based gene inactivation in mouse Tregs. These results confirm the validity of the signature, generating a wealth of leads for understanding the role of Tregs in tumor progression and identifying potential targets for cancer immunotherapy.
Temporal Dynamics of Bacterial Communities in Soil and Leachate Water After Swine Manure Application

Application of swine manure to agricultural land allows recycling of plant nutrients, but excess nitrate, phosphorus and fecal bacteria impact surface and drainage water quality. While agronomic and water quality impacts are well studied, little is known about the impact of swine manure slurry on soil microbial communities. We applied swine manure to intact soil columns collected from plots maintained under chisel plow or no-till with corn and soybean rotation. Targeted 16S-rRNA gene sequencing was used to characterize and to identify shifts in bacterial communities in soil over 108 days after swine manure application. In addition, six simulated rainfalls were applied during this time. Drainage water from the columns and surface soil were sampled, and DNA was extracted and sequenced. Unique DNA sequences (OTU) associated with 12 orders of bacteria were responsible for the majority of OTUs stimulated by manure application. Proteobacteria were most prevalent, followed by Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Spirochaetes. While the majority of the 12 orders decreased after day 59, relative abundances of genes associated with Rhizobiales and Actinomycetales in soil increased. Bacterial orders which were stimulated by manure application in soil had varied responses in drainage waters over the course of the experiment. We also identified a "manure-specific core" of five genera who comprised 13% of the manure community and were not significantly abundant in non-manured control soils. Of these five genera, Clostridium sensu stricto was the only genus which did not return to pre-manure relative abundance in soil by day 108. Our results show that enrichment responses after manure amendment could result from displacement of native soil bacteria by manure-borne bacteria during the application process or growth of native bacteria using manure-derived available nutrients.
Future precipitation variability during the early rainfall season in the El Yunque National Forest.

Abstract El Yunque National Forest, situated in the Luquillo Mountains of northeast Puerto Rico, is home to a wide range of climate-sensitive ecosystems and forest types. In particular, these ecosystems are highly sensitive to changes in the hydroclimate, even on short time scales. Current global climate models (GCMs) predict coarse-scale reductions in precipitation across the Caribbean prompting the need to investigate future fine-scale hydroclimate variability in the Luquillo Mountains. This research downscales coarse-resolution GCM RCP8.5 predictions from the IPCC CMIP5 project to the local scale to better assess future rainfall variability during the most critical period of the annual hydroclimate cycle, the early rainfall season (ERS). An artificial neural network (ANN) is developed using five field variables (1000-, 850-, 700-, and 500-hPa specific humidity and 1000–700-hPa bulk wind shear) and four derived precipitation forecasting parameters from the ERA-Interim reanalysis. During the historical period (1985–2016), the ANN predicts a binary dry ( When the historical inputs are replaced with bias-corrected data from four CMIP5 GCMs, the downscaled ensemble mean indicates a 7.2% increase in ERS dry-day frequency by mid-century (2041–2060), yielding an ERS dry-day percentage of 70% by mid-century. The results presented here show that the decrease in precipitation and wet-days is, at least in part, due to an increase in 1000–700 hPa bulk wind shear and a less favorable thermodynamic environment driven by increased mid-tropospheric warming and a stronger trade wind inversion. By regressing ERS total precipitation against dry-day frequency (R2 = 0.95), the predicted mid-century dry-day proportion corresponds to a ~200-mm decrease in seasonal precipitation. In contrast, the ensemble predicts a dry-day frequency recovery back towards the historical climatological mean by end-century (2081–2100).
Relative and Absolute Time

In this paper, we derive a new identity that relates the proper time and the observer time as a contact transformation on configuration space. This leads to a consistent relativistic extension of the special theory to include Newtonian mechanics. The basic conclusions of this paper are: (i) There always exist two unique inertial frames for any given system of particles: one with a unique speed of light and time relative and one with unique simultaneity and the speed of light relative. (ii) If the ratio of the total energy of the universe to the total mass energy of the universe is constant, then a unique definition of Newtonian time exists for the universe with zero set at the big bang. (iii) There are two mathematically consistent representations for the same physical system. (iv) Data collected from distant objects in the universe does not have a unique physical interpretation. We also use the isotopic dual of to provide a basic improvement in the big bang model. This leads to a model with conservation of energy, momentum, angular momentum, charge, a natural arrow for time and a natural explanation for the lack of antimatter in our universe. We predict that protons and antiprotons (respectively electrons and positrons) are gravitationally repulsive.
Physician Burnout and Timing of Electronic Health Record Use

Background Rates of burnout among physicians have been high in recent years. The electronic health record (EHR) is implicated as a major cause of burnout. Objective This article aimed to determine the association between physician burnout and timing of EHR use in an academic internal medicine primary care practice. Methods We conducted an observational cohort study using cross-sectional and retrospective data. Participants included primary care physicians in an academic outpatient general internal medicine practice. Burnout was measured with a single-item question via self-reported survey. EHR time was measured using retrospective automated data routinely captured within the institution's EHR. EHR time was separated into four categories: weekday work-hours in-clinic time, weekday work-hours out-of-clinic time, weekday afterhours time, and weekend/holiday after-hours time. Ordinal regression was used to determine the relationship between burnout and EHR time categories. Results EHR use during in-clinic sessions was related to burnout in both bivariate (odds ratio [OR] = 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01, 1.06; p = 0.007) and adjusted (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.1; p = 0.001) analyses. No significant relationships were found between burnout and after-hours EHR use. Conclusion In this small single-institution study, physician burnout was associated with higher levels of in-clinic EHR use but not after-hours EHR use. Improved understanding of the variability of in-clinic EHR use, and the EHR tasks that are particularly burdensome to physicians, could help lead to interventions that better integrate EHR demands with clinical care and potentially reduce burnout. Further studies including more participants from diverse clinical settings are needed to further understand the relationship between burnout and after-hours EHR use.