cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Loss of MCL-1 leads to impaired autophagy and rapid development of heart failure

Myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL-1) is an anti-apoptotic BCL-2 protein that is up-regulated in several human cancers. MCL-1 is also highly expressed in myocardium, but its function in myocytes has not been investigated. We generated inducible, cardiomyocyte-specific Mcl-1 knockout mice and found that ablation of Mcl-1 in the adult heart led to rapid cardiomyopathy and death. Although MCL-1 is known to inhibit apoptosis, this process was not activated in MCL-1-deficient hearts. Ultrastructural analysis revealed disorganized sarcomeres and swollen mitochondria in myocytes. Mitochondria isolated from MCL-1-deficient hearts exhibited reduced respiration and limited Ca(2+)-mediated swelling, consistent with opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). Double-knockout mice lacking MCL-1 and cyclophilin D, an essential regulator of the mPTP, exhibited delayed progression to heart failure and extended survival. Autophagy is normally induced by myocardial stress, but induction of autophagy was impaired in MCL-1-deficient hearts. These data demonstrate that MCL-1 is essential for mitochondrial homeostasis and induction of autophagy in the heart. This study also raises concerns about potential cardiotoxicity for chemotherapeutics that target MCL-1.
Social Class and Tactics: Neighborhood Opposition to Group Homes

This analysis of community opposition to group homes for the mentally handicapped uses data from a survey of New Jersey group home providers. It indicates that deteriorating neighborhoods are most likely to organize in opposition, but that upper-middle class neighborhoods are most likely to enjoy private access to local officials and can, therefore, lobby effectively in opposition to group homes in their neighborhoods. Generally, lower and lower-middle class neighborhoods do not have lobbying privileges and must rely on mass-mobilization, petition campaigns, and other public political tactics that are less effective in influencing local officials. If, however, they gain access to local officials and secure lobbying privileges, they are no less successful than their upper-middle class counterparts in influencing them.
Transmission line and microwave circuit design using DragonWave

Summary form only given. DragonWave is a commercial software package for simulating the response of linear distributed parameter circuits. It provides for circuit descriptions of ideal lumped and transmission line circuit elements, two, three, and four-port networks, graphical circuit layout, and circuit analysis. Results can be displayed in a Smith chart, XY plot, or tabular form. It also contains the equivalent circuit models for microstrip and stripline components and routines for circuit optimization. >
Frameworks for understanding and promoting solar energy technology development

In this paper, the contrasting theories of metabolic rift and ecological modernization theory (EMT) are applied to the same empirical phenomenon. Metabolic rift argues that the natural metabolic relationship between humans and nature has been fractured through modernization, industrialization and urbanization. EMT, in contrast, argues that societies in an advanced state of industrialization adopt ecologically benign production technologies and political policies, suggesting that modern societies could be on course to alleviate the ecological damage caused by capitalism. These two theories are fundamentally different in their assumptions about modern economies and technologies, yet both can be used as a theoretical lens to examine the phenomenon of solar energy technology adoption. Furthermore, both theories shed light on the increasing adoption of solar energy technologies in both “developing” and “developed” regions and the potential social conditions for promoting renewable energy technology adoption.
Television and U.S. Foreign Policy: The Case of the Iran Hostage Crisis

by James F. Larson A number of general propositions about TV and foreign policy provide the backdrop against which U.S. television network news coverage of Iran between 1972 and 1981-and especially the hostage crisis--can be interpreted. Iran is both a compelling case study and a major landmark in our understanding of the structural relationship between television news and U.S. foreign policy. One focal point of such a study is the 444-day crisis involving U.S. hostages in Teheran, beginning with their seizure on November 4, 1979. The Iran hostage crisis was quintessentially visual in nature. It evokes visual memories of angry crowds outside the U.S. embassy in Teheran, armed ''students'' who overran the embassy and seized hostages, the bearded Ayatollah Khomeini surrounded by followers, clergy visits to the hostages at Easter and Christmas, and charred bodies of U.S. servicemen left in the desert after an abortive rescue mission. Additional imagery emanated from the United States: repeated briefings by State Department press spokesman Hodding Carter, comments from the White House by President Carter's press secretary, Jody Powell, the statements and activities of hostage wives and families, ABC'S creation and promotion of an evening news special called "America Held hostage" and, not least, Walter Cronkite's weeknight newscast reminders of the duration of the hostages' captivity. James F. Larson is Assistant Professor in the School of Communications, University of Washington. 108
A Lagrangian formulation of fixed-rate quantization

A Lagrangian formulation of fixed-rate vector quantization is presented. The formulation provides an alternative version of the classic high-rate quantization approximations for fixed-rate codes of Zador (1966), and Bucklew and Wise (1982) which parallels the Lagrangian results for variable-rate codes and it leads to a variation of the classic Lloyd (1982) algorithm for quantizer design. The approach also leads to a natural Lagrangian formulation combining both common rate constraints of alphabet size and entropy, effectively providing a Lagrangian formulation of memory and entropy constrained vector quantization.
Thermodynamics The guidepost of effective use of energy

The empirical theory of thermodynamic equilibrium states has guided engineers and scientists to ameliorate the use of energy resources during the past two and a half centuries. In this brief essay, I illustrate the great progress that has been made in designing and manufacturing engines for land, sea, air, and outer space applications, and contemplate the opportunity to use a novel theory of thermodynamics [1] that applies to any small or large system (such as one spin only, or one particle, or many constituents), in any state (unsteady, steady, nonequilibrium, different kinds of equilibrium, and stable equilibrium) so that energy may be used even more effectively.
Compensation and Alignment of Thermohaline Gradients in the Ocean Mixed Layer

The surface mixed layer of the ocean is often characterized by thermohaline compensation and alignment. That is, temperature and salinity gradients tend to be parallel and to cancel in their contribution to density. In this paper a combination of theoretical arguments and numerical simulations is presented to investigate how compensation and alignment emerge as a result of processes at work within the mixed layer. The dynamics of the mixed layer is investigated through a simple model that couples a nonlinear diffusive parameterization for the horizontal transports of temperature and salinity with stirring by mesoscale eddies. It is found that stirring quickly aligns the temperature and salinity gradients and that nonlinear diffusion creates compensation. Neither process, by itself, is sufficient to reproduce the observations.
Endogenous Altered Peptide Ligands Can Affect Peripheral T Cell Responses

T cells potentially encounter a large number of endogenous self-peptide/MHC ligands in the thymus and the periphery. These endogenous ligands are critical to both positive and negative selection in the thymus; however, their effect on peripheral T cells has not been directly ascertained. Using the murine allelic Hbd (64-76)/I-Ek self-antigen model, we have previously identified altered peptide ligands (APLs) which are able to stimulate some but not all TCR-mediated effector functions. To determine directly the effect of endogenously synthesized APL/MHC complexes on peripheral T cells, we used a TCR transgenic mouse which had reversed our normal antigen system, with Ser69 peptide now being the agonist and Hbd(64-76) being the APL. In this report, we show that the constitutive level of endogenous Hbd(64-76)/I-Ek complexes presented by APCs in vivo is too low to affect the response of Ser69 reactive T cells. However, by increasing the number of Hbd(64-76)/I-Ek complexes expressed by the APCs, TCR antagonism is observed for both primary T cells and T cell hybridomas. In addition, the level of the CD4 coreceptor expressed on T cells and T cell hybridomas. In addition, the level of the CD4 coreceptor expressed on T cells changes the response pattern to endogenously presented Hbd(64-76)/I-Ek ligand. These findings demonstrate that T cells are selected to ignore the constitutive levels of endogenous complexes they encounter in the periphery. T cell responses can be affected by endogenous APLs in the periphery under limited but attainable circumstances which change the efficacy of the TCR/ligand interaction. Thus, endogenous APLs play a role in both the selection of T cells in the thymus and the responses of peripheral T cells.
Teaching, Learning, and Thinking About Teaching and Learning

It is a great honor to be asked to contribute to this series of memoirs and especially to follow one of my intellectual heroes, Bob Pace. It is also a daunting task, for my career has been shorter and less noteworthy than his. Nonetheless, here goes.
Voter Choice and Partisan Representation: One Link in the Chain of Party Government

Contemporary democracy is largely based on a framework of party government that connects the voters to the outputs of government using political parties as a linkage mechanism. This paper examines one aspect of this linkage process: how the public’s political orientations, based on the Left-Right scale, influence their voting choices. As we should expect, there is a strong relationship in most democracies, although also substantial cross-national variation. We then consider how this representation process functions for voter-party dyads, and the fit between the Left-Right orientations of party voters and their chosen party. These party dyads display very strong congruence; like-minded voters and parties are able to link together at election time. The results suggest party voters as a group are very well represented in the political system by a party that broadly shares their basic Left-Right orientations. We base our empirical analyses on the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (CSES) module II.
AidData.org: A Donation Analysis

Every year, in order to improve the lives of people the government and people are spending a lot of money in developing countries. For better country future, the government can take better decisions if they have relevant and accessible data like citizens who are willing to donate and invest few dollars to increase the developments. Aiddata.org is a kind of website which provides data to visualize, and analyse data on $40 trillion in financing for development. Aid Data is a research lab which maintains development finance related activities that help to improve profitable outcomes by providing development finance data to government and people at their fingertips. Aid Data dataset includes over 1 million aid activities funded by more than 90 donors from the 1700s to present. The analysis of this dataset mainly help us to understand the process about the donation analysis between the countries and many different organizations which undertook this donation activity.
Ecological Studies of Trichogramma semifumatum, with Notes on Apanteles medicaginis, and their suppression of Colias eurytheme in Southern California

The alfalfa caterpillar, Colias eurytheme Boisduval, is one of the principal pests of alfalfa in California. In the past decade this insect has been of minor importance in southern California but can still be a ravaging menace in central California if insecticides are not used to suppress populations. Alfalfa culture has changed in the past decade in southern California and this may have favorably altered the environment so that this alfalfa pest is now of secondary importance in this area. Data were collected in 1959 and 1960 showing that the egg parasite Trichogramma semifumatum (Perkins) is one of the major biological control agents suppressing populations of C. eurytheme in southern California, but it is not nearly as effective in central California. The distribution of this parasite in California was determined by crosses and reciprocal crosses of field populations collected from various areas in the State. Field and laboratory studies of hosts, sex ratio, number of parasites per egg, and rates of development of T. semifumatum in C. eurytheme eggs are presented. The data clearly show this egg parasite to be one of the key biological control agents maintaining the general equilibrium position of C. eurytheme at a very low level in southern California. Data relating to attacks of Apanteles medicaginis Muesebeck on the larval populations of C. eurytheme in southern California are also presented.
Studies on the viscosity of solid stabilized emulsions

Viscosities have been determined for kerosene/water and olive oil/water emulsions, stabilized by freshly precipitated, finely divided solids, by a Rheo Viscometer with particular reference to the influence on the viscosity of the amount of the emulsifier, concentration of the disperse phase, nature of the oil and homogenization. It has been found that the viscosity for 1∶1 oil/water ratio increases with increase in the concentration of the emulsifier and also increases at 1% solid content with increasing oil/water ratio. Homogenization of the emulsion increases its viscosity as it renders the adsorbed film more resistant. The olive oil emulsions which tend to be more viscous than the analogous kerosene ones are characterized by abrupt changes in the viscosity after a certain concentration of the oil (60–70% oil) when some of them invert to W/O type. Emulsions with a large interfacial area tend to show less decrease of viscosity with time, although exceptions are observed.
Presynaptic Modulation by Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors of Excitatory and Inhibitory Synaptic Inputs to Hypothalamic Magnocellular Neurons

The effects of activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) on synaptic inputs to magnocellular neurons of the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus (SON) were studied with the use of whole cell patch-clamp and microelectrode recordings in acute hypothalamic slices. Application of the mGluR agonist trans-(+/-)-1-amino-1,3-cyclopentane dicarboxylic acid (trans-ACPD, 100 microM) elicited an increase in the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) and excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) in 20% of the cells, and of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) and inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) in 50% of the cells tested in normal medium. The increased frequency of spontaneous EPSPs/EPSCs and IPSPs/IPSCs was blocked by tetrodotoxin (TTX), indicating that mGluRs act to excite the somata/dendrites of presynaptic glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons. (RS)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (50 microM), a selective group I receptor agonist, mimicked the presynaptic somatic/dendritic effects of trans-ACPD, suggesting that the presynaptic somatic/dendritic receptors responsible for increased spike-dependent glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release belong to the group I mGluRs. In the presence of TTX, trans-ACPD caused a decrease in the frequency of miniature EPSCs (up to 90%) in 13 of 16 cells, and a decrease in the frequency of miniature IPSCs (up to 80%) in 10 of 16 cells tested. Miniature EPSC and IPSC amplitudes usually did not change in trans-ACPD, suggesting that activation of metabotropic receptors located at presynaptic glutamatergic and GABAergic terminals led to a reduction in transmitter release onto SON magnocellular neurons. L(+)-2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid (100-250 microM), a selective group III receptor agonist, mimicked the effects of trans-ACPD at presynaptic terminals, decreasing the frequency of miniature EPSCs and IPSCs by up to 85% without affecting their amplitude. Thus the metabotropic receptors at presynaptic glutamate and GABA terminals in the SON belong to group III mGluRs. EPSCs evoked by electrical stimulation were enhanced by the group III receptor antagonist (S)-2-amino-2-methyl-4-phosphonobutanoic acid, suggesting that presynaptic metabotropic receptors are activated by the release of endogenous glutamate. These data indicate that mGluRs in the hypothalamus have opposing actions at presynaptic somata/dendrites and at presynaptic terminals. Activation of group I receptors (mGluR1 and/or mGluR5) on presynaptic somata/dendrites led to an increase in spike-dependent transmitter release, whereas activation of the group III receptors (mGluR4, 7, and/or 8) on presynaptic terminals suppressed glutamate and GABA release onto SON neurons. No differences were seen in the effects of mGluR activation between immunohistochemically identified oxytocin and vasopressin neurons of the SON.
Problems and Procedures in the Regulation of Technological Risk

Until recently, evaluating the risks of technology has been considered a technical problem, not a political issue; a problem relegated to expertise, not to public debate. But disputes have politicized the issue of risk and led to the development of procedures to enhance public acceptability of controversial projects. Our paper reviews various types of hearings, public inquiries, advisory councils, study groups and information forums that have been formed in the United States and Western Europe to resolve disputes over science and technology. We analyze the assumptions about the sources of conflict and the appropriate modes of decision making that underly these procedures. And we suggest some reasons for their rather limited success in reducing political conflict and achieving public consensus.
Pediatric Rheumatology: Fellowship Training Requirements and Survey of Specialty Needs

This article documents the growth of pediatric rheumatology in the decade since Park City I as an emerging academic pediatric subspecialty. Current staffing patterns are surveyed for our medical schools and estimates of future requirements for fellowship training are provided. Impediments to the necessary growth of this subspecialty for the needs of clinical practice and research are outlined and criteria for certification are reviewed.
Afterword: Afro-Latinos and Afro-Latin American Studies

In this afterword, de la Fuente addresses the importance of bringing together Afro-Latino and Afro-Latin American scholarship. He underscores that, in order to build a new critical Afro-Latino Studies field, we must not only take seriously the continuities and interconnectedness across space and time, but also the many discontinuities and misrecognitions in the Americas.
Focused ion beam production using a pyroelectric crystal and a resistive glass tube

We describe the use of a lithium tantalate (LiTaO 3 ) pyroelectric crystal and a resistive glass tube to generate a focused ion beam. A sharp tip was mounted on one surface of the LiTaO 3 crystal which ionized a low pressure deuterium gas. A resistive glass tube was mounted coaxially with the tip. The resultant ion beam produced an illuminated spot on a ZnS screen. Experimental results were compared with finite element modeling performed using COMSOL Multiphysics. It was found that the spot size increased as the distance between the screen and the end of the resistive glass tube increased, which agreed with the COMSOL model.
Intradural Extramedullary Capillary Hemangioma

Capillary hemangiomas are reddish-purple lesions and microscopically by the lobules of capillary-sized channels that are tightly aggregated into nodules nourished by feeding vessels.
Variability in Patellofemoral Alignment Measurements on MRI: Influence of Knee Position.

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to determine the variability of distances between four distinct anatomic landmarks used for the evaluation of patellofemoral alignment while implementing controlled changes in patient positioning during MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Limited MRI was performed of 12 knees in healthy volunteers (10 men, two women; mean age, 28 years) with the knees in four different positions. The four landmarks used were TT (the most anterior point of the osseous tibial tubercle), TG (the nadir of the cartilaginous trochlear groove), PT (the center of the patellar tendon insertion on the tibia), and PCL (the medial border of the posterior cruciate ligament at its insertion along the posterior tibia). TT-TG, PT-TG, TT-PCL, and PT-PCL distances were measured on the MR images. Each distance was measured with the knee at maximum patient comfort (rest), full extension, 15° of flexion, and 30° of flexion. Linear mixed models with random intercepts were implemented to determine variability be...
West Antarctic Ice Sheet Cloud Cover and Surface Radiation Budget from NASA A-Train Satellites

AbstractClouds are an essential parameter of the surface energy budget influencing the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) response to atmospheric warming and net contribution to global sea level rise. A 4-yr record of NASA A-Train cloud observations is combined with surface radiation measurements to quantify the WAIS radiation budget and constrain the three-dimensional occurrence frequency, thermodynamic phase partitioning, and surface radiative effect of clouds over West Antarctica (WA). The skill of satellite-modeled radiative fluxes is confirmed through evaluation against measurements at four Antarctic sites (WAIS Divide ice camp and Neumayer, Syowa, and Concordia stations). Owing to perennial high-albedo snow and ice cover, cloud infrared emission dominates over cloud solar reflection and absorption leading to a positive net all-wave cloud radiative effect (CRE) at the surface, with all monthly means and 99.15% of instantaneous CRE values exceeding zero. The annual-mean CRE at the WAIS surface is 34 W m−...
Evaluation of Correlated Data Using Partitioned Least Squares: A Minimum-Variance Derivation

Optimum procedures for the statistical improvement, or adjustment, of an existing data evaluation are redeveloped from first principles, consistently employing a minimum-variance viewpoint. A set o...
PPARγ regulates meibocyte differentiation and lipid synthesis of cultured human meibomian gland epithelial cells (hMGEC)

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the role of PPARγ in regulating meibocyte differentiation and lipid synthesis in a human meibomian gland epithelial cell line (hMGEC). Methods HMGEC were exposed to the PPARγ agonist, Rosiglitazone, from 10-50 μM. Cultures were also exposed to specific PPARγ antagonist, T0070907, to block PPARγ receptor signaling. Cells were then stained with Ki-67 and LipidTox to determine the effects on cell cycling and lipid synthesis, respectively. Expression of meibocyte differentiation related proteins, ADFP, PPARγ, ELOVL4, and FABP4, were evaluated by quantitative PCR and western blotting. A human corneal epithelial cell line (hTCEpi) was used as a control. Result Rosiglitazone significantly decreased Ki-67 staining within 2 days in a dose-dependent manner (P = 0.003) and increased lipid accumulation in hMGEC in a dose dependent manner. T0070907 suppressed both lipid droplet synthesis and cell cycle exit. Rosiglitazone significantly upregulated expression of ADFP, PPARγ, ELOVL4, and FABP4 by 9.6, 2.7, 2.6, and 3.3 fold on average (all P Conclusion Rosiglitazone induced cell cycle exit and upregulation of lipogenic gene expression leading to lipid accumulation in hMGEC. These effects were suppressed by PPARγ antagonist indicating that PPARγ signaling specifically directs lipogenesis in hMGEC. These findings suggest that PPARγ plays a critical role in meibocyte differentiation.
Economic well-being of rural farm households in Ghana: A perspective of inequality and polarisation

Abstract This paper investigates economic well-being of rural farm households in Ghana from the perspective of inequality and polarisation, using data from the Ghana Living Standard Survey rounds 5 and 6, and within the framework of disparities in ecological locations, farm size holdings and the main occupation of household heads. It also examines sources of income polarisation and inequality and their implications for poverty distribution among the rural farmers. The results show that distribution of the major crops cultivated generally vary across the farmer categories. Also, biases exist in income distribution among the farmers. The main source of inequality and polarisation is the differences within the individual categories of farmers, however, with respect to the ecological locations, between-group differences is the main source of polarisation. We find that greater proportion of the poorer farmers are found in the savannah zones, as well as among the smallholders and where household heads are engaged in self-employed agricultural activities. Contrarily, large-scale producers, farmers in forest areas, and where farm household heads are in public and private sector jobs are richer. Generally, poverty is concentrated within the farmer categories that incur higher polarisation and inequality indices and have also contributed the greatest to the total inequality and polarisation, whereas the categories that incur the lowest of the indices and have contributed the least to the total indices are wealthier. These findings suggest inequality and polarisation should be mitigated in tandem, and targeting the categories harbouring larger proportions of poorer farmers can reduce poverty more effectively.
Investigating the interplay among the Olympic Games image, destination image, and country image for four previous hosts

This research tested the triangular relationships among country image, destination image, and Olympic Games image using a quasi-experimental design on an online platform. One month before the 2016 Olympics in Brazil, four groups of respondents were randomly assigned to a country context to rate their perceptions of one of the following host countries: England, United Kingdom (UK), Greece, Brazil, or Russia. Brazil's image was measured again one month after the Olympic Games. Comparison of groups showed that England had the strongest country image while Brazil and Greece had stronger destination images, and Russia had the lowest score in both domains. The Olympics image was stronger than both Russia’s country and destination images. Theoretical, managerial, and methodological implications are discussed.
Remote acoustic detection of mechanical changes in a vibrating plate in an unknown reverberant environment.

Acoustic radiation from a vibrating mechanical structure subject to broadband forcing is inherently dependent on the structure's material, geometry, and boundary conditions. Remote measurements of radiated sound can be used to detect mechanical changes (i.e., defects) when compared to known baseline measurements from the same structure. However, proper determination of a structure's acoustic signature may not be possible in highly reverberant environments due to reverberation contamination. Herein, experimental results are presented for the remote acoustic detection of clamped-boundary defects in a nominally 30 × 30 × 0.3 cm aluminum plate in a reverberant environment. Synthetic Time Reversal (STR) is used to estimate the free-field acoustic signature of the plate from recordings made in a reverberant environment with a 15-element microphone array at signal-to-reverberation ratio levels of −7 to −13 dB in a 100 Hz to 2.0 kHz bandwidth. These reconstructed time domain signals are then cross-correlated with...
Trends and Characteristics of Pediatric Dentistry Patients Treated under General Anesthesia

Purpose: The aims of this study were to describe the demographic characteristics of pediatric dentistry patients undergoing dental rehabilitation under general anesthesia (DRGA) at UNC-Chapel Hill ...
Phenotypic Features of Central Sensitization.

Purpose The current manuscript reviews approaches for phenotyping central sensitization (CS). Methods The manuscript covers the concept of diagnostic phenotyping, use of endophenotypes, biomarkers, and symptom clusters. Specifically, the components of CS that include general sensory sensitivity (assessed by quantitative sensory testing) and a symptom cluster denoting sleep difficulties, pain, affect, cognitive difficulties, and low energy (S.P.A.C.E.). Results Each of the assessment domains are described with reference to CS and their presence in chronic overlapping pain conditions (COPCs) - conditions likely influenced by CS. Conclusions COPCs likely represent clinical diagnostic phenotypes of CS. Components of CS can also be assessed using QST or self-report instruments designed to assess single elements of CS or more general composite indices.
EMISSION TOMOGRAPHIC RECONSTRUCTION BY MATRIX INVERSION

ABSTRACT Emission tomographic techniques are currently being used to increase the sensitivity for detection of myocardial perfusion defects in thallium scintigrams. Many of these methods, multiple pinhole and fresnel zone plate in particular, are hindered by transfer of information from one plane to another. This work describes a desuperposition technique which accounts for the three dimensional distribution of radioactivity in the object. This technique was applied to data obtained from a non-redundant pinhole coded aperture. Initial tomographic reconstructions were created by cross-correlation.
Heidegger and Inter-Cultural Dialogue

In the past two decades the “connection” between Heidegger and Oriental thought has attracted more and more attention from Heidegger scholars both in the West and in the East.1 Heidegger’s attempt at a thoughtful dialogue with East Asian thought began in the very early years of his philosophical career. In the twenties of this century Heidegger had important personal contacts with his Japanese students which opened the gate of the mysterious East Asian thought to him.2 Then, from the thirties to the fifties, Heidegger turned not only to Japanese thought, but also to what he called the origin of East Asian thought, especially Lao Tzu and Chuang Tzu’s “Tao.”3 His efforts to have an authentic dialogue with the East Asian thought of “Tao” culminated in his attempt at translating the book Lao-Tzu with a Chinese scholar in 1946–47,4 and in his essay “A Dialogue on Language between a Japanese and an Inquirer” in 1953–1954.5 However, as Graham Parkes6 points out, in the famous 1966 interview with Der Spiegel, Heidegger’s position on a possible thoughtful East-West Dialogue “appears negative and hints at a Eurocentric isolationism,”7 when he claims: My conviction is that only in the same place where the modern technical world took its origin can we also prepare a conversion of it. In other words, this cannot happen by taking over Zen-Buddhism or other Eastem expcriences of the world.
Institutional constraints: the forms and limits of participatory design in the public realm

In recent years, participatory design (PD) has increasingly occurred in the context of various public, private, governmental, and non-governmental institutions operating in the public realm. This context has led some to call for more direct attention to the ways institutions frame PD, particularly the practice and process of encouraging institutional change (i.e. institutioning). Building on this work, we introduce the idea of institutional constraints as particular interactions between PD practices and institutional frames. Using the concepts of thinging, infrastructuring, and commoning as analytical lenses on three empirical cases found within so-called smart city efforts, we identify, name, and describe three provisional institutional constraints---the sandbox, the administrative gap, and the ideological mismatch. These institutional constraints provide concrete articulations of PD's form within neoliberalization---a form marked by circumscribed, austere, opaque, and fraught interventions inextricable from processes of urbanization. As a first step for contemporary PD processes and research, we argue that the empirical description of institutional constraints is a means to assess the contemporary limitations of PD and a resource to create new strategies and tactics for doing PD in the contemporary public realm.
Incarceration, Reentry, and Health

Recognizing the limits of reentry literature focused almost exclusively on post-release reoffending, Fahmy and Wallace, in Chapter 6, turn to the many impacts of incarceration on individual and public health. Because physical health of incarcerated persons has been particularly overlooked, they describe the troubling health outcomes that have been reported among incarcerated populations. While some of these outcomes stem from the more rapid spread of communicable diseases in the institutional context, Fahmy and Wallace are keen to point out that many of the health effects of incarceration, like hypertension and diabetes, might be explained by the chronic stress associated with the experience of incarceration. After focusing on the health effects, as measured by outcomes, Fahmy and Wallace offer a number of theoretical mechanisms by which the health effects of incarceration might be linked to health effects in the community. Given the relative paucity of research in this area, Fahmy and Wallace conclude by describing some of the many publicly available datasets that might help future scholars interested in health outcomes pursue their research agendas.
Design and Fabrication of Additively Manufactured Hybrid Rigid-Flex RF Components

This paper presents a novel fabrication method that combines the advantages of fine-line lithography on flex substrate and 3-D printing to create practical RF components that can readily be folded. Photolithography and 3-D printing enable the fabrication of rigid-flex RF components, where 3-D printing is used to create thick rigid structures and photolithography is utilized to pattern the fine detailed conductor features on a flexible substrate. A coax-like structure is demonstrated as an example, and it is used to design a feed network to a foldable Vivaldi antenna array. This paper presents the detailed buildup of two-folded Vivaldi antenna arrays.
Choroidal thickness measured with swept source optical coherence tomography in posterior staphyloma strongly correlates with axial length and visual acuity

To measure the choroidal thickness in patients with high myopia from staphyloma using swept source OCT (SS-OCT) in Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) fields and compare to normal cohort. The study also evaluated the correlation between choroidal thickness with axial length and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). In this prospective cross sectional study, 37 eyes of 20 patients with high myopia from staphyloma and 86 eyes of 43 normal subjects were included. In each eye, horizontal scans centered on the fovea (12 × 9 mm) were performed using SS-OCT (DRI-OCT, Topcon, Japan). Choroidal thickness in 9 ETDRS subfields, including central subfield (CSF) was analyzed and correlated with axial length as well as BCVA. The axial length and BCVA in the high myopia from staphyloma group ranged from 25.12 to 33.54 mm (28.4 ± 1.2) and 20/20–20/400, respectively. The choroidal thickness in staphyloma group was 85.53 ± 48.61 μm as compared to 250.24 ± 71.01 μm in the normal group (p < 0.0001). Stepwise regression analysis showed that axial length strongly correlated with decreased choroidal thickness (p < 0.001) in staphyloma group (r = 0.71, r2 = 0.5). Refractive error and BCVA moderately correlated(r = − 0.47; r2 = 0.22) with choroidal thickness (p < 0.001). Choroidal thickness in staphyloma (measured with novel technology of SS-OCT) patients is markedly reduced compared to normal controls. In addition, choroidal thickness strongly correlated with axial length of the eye and inversely correlated with visual acuity. This testing modality maybe used as a good predictor of visual acuity in patients with high myopia from staphyloma.
Online access and sharing of reality-based 3d models

The article presents an investigation on techniques and solutions for publishing reality-based 3D models online. The process starts from a dense point cloud and leads to a reduced textured 3D model accessible on the web with a browser. The work is divided into four phases: (i) generation of a polygon mesh model, (ii) 3D model segmentation, (iii) simplification of the polygonal model (geometry and texture) in different levels of detail (LoD) and (iv) publication on the web. The entire workflow is based on open source software. Comparisons with commercial solutions are also reported.
Assessing the Efficacy of Radio Public Service Announcements: Results From Three Field Experiments:

Public service announcements (PSAs) are key staples for broadcasters in fulfilling their Federal Communications Commission–mandated public interest mission, and the familiarity of the PSA format ha...
In Vivo Cross-Linking MS Reveals Conservation in OmpA Linkage to Different Classes of β-Lactamase Enzymes

Molecular interactions between two different classes of β-lactamase enzymes and outer membrane protein A (OmpA) were studied by in vivo chemical cross-linking of a multi-drug-resistant strain of Acinetobacter baumannii AB5075. Class A β-lactamase blaGES-11 and Class D β-lactamase Oxa23, responsible for hydrolysis of different types of β-lactam antibiotics, were found to be cross-linked to similar lysine sites of the periplasmic domain of outer membrane protein OmpA, despite low sequence homology between the two enzymes. The findings from in vivo XL-MS suggest that the interacting surfaces between both β-lactamase enzymes and OmpA are conserved during molecular evolution, and the OmpA C-terminus domain serves an important function of anchoring different types of β-lactamase enzymes in the periplasmic space.
Disease propagation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS): an interplay between genetics and environment

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive, fatal disease affecting the neuromuscular system. While there have been a number of important genetic discoveries, there are no therapeutics capable of stopping its insidious progression. Lessons from clinical histories reveal that ALS can start focally at a single limb, but then segmentally spread up and down the spinal cord as well as in the motor cortex and cortex of frontal and temporal lobes until respiratory muscles fail. With or without a clear genetic etiology, often there is no explanation as to why it starts in one region of the body versus another. Similarly, once the disease starts the mechanisms by which the neurodegenerative process spreads are not known. Here, we summarize recent work in animal models that support the hypothesis that critical environmental contributions, such as a nerve injury, can initiate the disease process. We also propose that pathological axoglial signaling by the glial growth factor neuregulin-1 leads to the slow propagation of neuroinflammation resulting in neurodegeneration up and down the spinal cord and that locally applied drugs that block neuregulin-1 signaling could slow or halt the spread of disease.
A longitudinal study of the post-stroke immune response and cognitive functioning: the StrokeCog study protocol

Stroke increases the risk of cognitive impairment even several years after the stroke event. The exact mechanisms of post-stroke cognitive decline are unclear, but the immunological response to stroke might play a role. The aims of the StrokeCog study are to examine the associations between immunological responses and long-term post-stroke cognitive trajectories in individuals with ischemic stroke. StrokeCog is a single-center, prospective, observational, cohort study. Starting 6–12 months after stroke, comprehensive neuropsychological assessment, plasma and serum, and psychosocial variables will be collected at up to 4 annual visits. Single cell sequencing of peripheral blood monocytes and plasma proteomics will be conducted. The primary outcome will be the change in global and domain-specific neuropsychological performance across annual evaluations. To explain the differences in cognitive change amongst participants, we will examine the relationships between comprehensive immunological measures and these cognitive trajectories. It is anticipated that 210 participants will be enrolled during the first 3 years of this 4-year study. Accounting for attrition, an anticipated final sample size of 158 participants with an average of 3 annual study visits will be available at the completion of the study. Power analyses indicate that this sample size will provide 90% power to detect an average cognitive change of at least 0.23 standard deviations in either direction. StrokeCog will provide novel insight into the relationships between immune events and cognitive change late after stroke.
Air Speed to Increase Rate of Cool Out for Horses After Intense Exercise.

Abstract Cooling out horses is a common practice after intense exercise. Typical cooling procedures include both walking and drenching (often with scraping). The cool out is performed to ensure the horses physiologic responses returned to a baseline range as quickly as possible. The use of water in cool out provides the greatest potential for removing heat from the animals. However, adding air velocities that can increase evaporation rates from the horses can potentially increase the rate of cool out; thereby reducing the time until the horses’ physiologic measurements return to baseline. This study measured the rate of cool out for 7 Thoroughbreds, which were run on the track for 1 or 1.5 miles. Animals were provided a combination of walking and drenching in addition to 3 fan treatments no fan, fan directed at lateral side, and fan directed at posterior. Physiologic responses were analyzed using the Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) procedure and while no significant differences were found in the rate of cool out, trends indicated both rectal temperature (P = .10) and heart rate (P = .11) returned to baseline more quickly with the addition of a fan.
Thermal hydrolysis of solid-state sodium borohydride for noncatalytic hydrogen generation

Abstract Hydrogen from sodium borohydride (NaBH4, SBH) can be generated by thermolysis or hydrolysis. Unfortunately, thermolysis of SBH requires high temperatures (>300 °C), while hydrolysis is conducted in the presence of catalyst and self-hydrolysis can cause safety concerns due to unexpected generation of hydrogen. In order for hydrolysis of SBH to be practical, efficient and safe methods to produce hydrogen are required. Here, we propose a new process, thermal hydrolysis of SBH, to generate hydrogen via hydrolysis in the solid phase. In this new process, SBH generates hydrogen by hydrolysis with water produced by thermal decomposition of boric acid (BA). Self-hydrolysis causing safety issues no longer occurs because the SBH-BA mixture in the solid-state is stable at below 80 °C. When heating the mixture, a rapid hydrogen evolution was observed at ~ 120 °C and a maximum H2 equivalent of 3.9 was achieved at 150 °C for SBH:BA = 1:4. BA is dehydrated to form metaboric acid with a release of 1 mol H2O at 150 °C and an additional 0.5 mol water at 200 °C. With recent progress in regeneration of SBH spent fuels, this newly proposed method is promising for hydrogen storage in proton exchange membrane fuel cell applications.
Advancing photonic design and measurements with artificial intelligence

Discovering novel, unconventional optical designs in combination with advanced machine-learning assisted data analysis techniques can uniquely enable new phenomena and breakthrough advances in many areas including imaging, sensing, energy, and quantum information technology. It demonstrated that compared to other inverse-design approaches that require extreme computation power to undertake a comprehensive search within a large parameter space, machine learning assisted topology optimization can expand the design space while improving the computational efficiency. This talk will highlight our most recent findings on 1) merging topology optimization with artificial-intelligence-assisted algorithms and 2) integrating machine-learning based analysis with photonic design and quantum optical measurements.
Early Versus Delayed Active Range of Motion After Open Subpectoral Biceps Tenodesis.

Background:Little is known regarding the effect of early active elbow range of motion (ROM) protocols on failure rates and outcomes after open subpectoral biceps tenodesis.Hypothesis:We hypothesize...
On the virial expansion of model adsorptive systems

We investigate the thermodynamic properties of various super-critical model adsorptive systems with different fluid–solid attractive strengths using the confined density virial expansion, with coef...
Microstrip antenna array with parasitic elements

Discussed is the design of a large microstrip antenna array in terms of subarrays consisting of one fed patch and several parasitic patches. The potential advantages of this design are discussed. Theoretical radiation patterns of a subarray in the configuration of a cross are presented.
A smart H/sub 2/ sensor array of QCMs coated with PdNi alloy of various thicknesses

This paper describes some of our results in developing high performance hydrogen gas sensors using piezoelectric devices (i.e., Quartz Crystal Microbalances (QCMs) and Thin Film Resonators (TFRs)) coated with a PdNi (90/10) alloy. A sensor array has been built by coating quartz crystals with various PdNi thicknesses and tested via exposure to H/sub 2/ in N/sub 2/ in the concentration range from 20 to 500 ppm. The performance of the sensor array has been also characterized in the presence of various potential interference gases and vapors, such as carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, water, toluene, acetone, acetonitrile, hexane, methyl isobutylketone, methylene chloride, and ethanol. Using the unique chemistry of Pd-H/sub 2/ system, we have developed an relatively straightforward method to compensate for contributions from the mentioned potential interference gases.
Language of evaluation: How PLA evaluators write about student learning

Very few studies (e.g., Arnold, 1998; Joosten-ten Brinke, et al., 2009) have examined the ways in which evaluators assess students’ prior learning. This investigation explored the ways that evaluators described students’ prior learning in final assessment reports at a single, multiple-location institution. Results found four themes; audience, voice, presentation of the learning, and evaluation language. Within each theme, further sub-themes are defined. These results are significant for training evaluators on how to discuss student learning and for institutions to consider in relationship to the purpose behind the evaluations. Further research and implications are discussed.