cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
International cooperation to improve the psychiatric care of the general hospital patient: The ECLW collaborative study

The series of articles by the ECLW Collaborative Study in this issue represents a remarkable milestone for Consultation-Liaison (C L) psychiatry world-wide. The ECLW study sets the standard for cooperativity and inter-rater reliability among C-L practitioners and researchers. At a time when forces of disunion seem to be outweighing forces of union, 226 psychiatrists, psychosomatists, and psychologists from 56 C L services in 11 European natiohs met and established a working group. Among ECLW accomplishments are: (1) developing an operationally defined data collection instrument--the Patient Registration Form--that built upon a well established C-L database by Drs Jeffrey Hammer and James J. Strain, and that was adapted to the needs of multiple nations; (2) demonstrating that inter-rater diagnostic reliability using ICD-10 may be achieved, even cross nationally, by the use of training manuals, clinical case vignettes, and reliability testing; (3) describing the effectiveness of mental health service delivery in the medical/surgical inpatient; and, (4) highlighting national similarities and differences in the organization and practice of general hospital psychiatry in Europe. However, several problematic study design features must be acknowledged: (1) the consultants and nations were self selected and therefore may not be representative of the practice of C-L psychiatry within the specific countries, or of Europe; (2) the training period began prior to the full introduction of ICD-10, and was limited to a small number of case vignettes; (3) the unavoidable referral bias inherent in examining only inpatients referred to a psychiatrist limits the utility of the findings; and (4) differences in patient characteristics, national C-L service structure and financing, and national diagnostic traditions combine to confound interpretation of the findings. In fact, the drive toward achieving inter-rater reliability across nations may potentially "throw the baby out with the bath water" since differences between raters or nations on the clinical vignettes may reveal important conceptual and practice variability among C-L services. Future studies by the ECLW should also include additional rating or diagnostic scales to further enhance the validity of the study findings. With these caveats in mind, it is notable that the World Health Organization has requested access to the training and test cases used in the ECLW
Is Graphene a Stable Platform for Photocatalysis? Mineralization of Reduced Graphene Oxide With UV-Irradiated TiO2 Nanoparticles

The recent thrust in utilizing reduced graphene oxide (RGO) as a support for nanostructured catalyst particles has led to the claims of improved efficiency in solar cells, fuel cells, and photocatalytic degradation of pollutants. Specifically, the robust TiO2 system is often coupled with RGO to improve charge separation and facilitate redox reactions. Here, we probe the stability of RGO in the presence of UV-excited TiO2 in aqueous media and establish its reactivity toward OH• radicals, a primary oxidant generated at the TiO2 surface. By probing changes in absorption, morphology, and total organic carbon content (TOC), we conclusively demonstrate the vulnerability of RGO toward OH• attack and raise the concern of its use in many applications where OH• are likely to be formed. On the other hand, the OH• radical-mediated mineralization could also enable new approaches in tackling environmental remediation of nanocarbons such as RGO, carbon nanotubes, and fullerenes.
Laplace's equation for convective scalar transport in potential flow

Laplace9s equation for the stream function and the velocity potential has been used for a long time for the solution of irrotational flow problems in hydrodynamics. Here, a similar formulation is presented for the convective transport of a scalar such as heat or mass. It is discovered that, in suitable coordinates, the so‐called heat function also satisfies Laplace9s equation. This function, which was introduced earlier for the visualization of heat flow in two‐dimensional convection, can be used to build up solutions for scalar transport, both analytical and numerical, by superposition, in much the same way that the stream function or velocity potential can. A vast array of solutions and techniques, developed over centuries, therefore becomes available for the scalar transport problem.
Unexpected Test Results in a Patient with Multiple Myeloma

A 53-year-old male patient with an established diagnosis of IgG λ multiple myeloma was seen by a hematologist–oncologist in consultation from an outside hospital. He had previously received 1 cycle of chemotherapy treatment, but he was found to be intermittently noncompliant with his therapy. The patient reported occasional nosebleeds and fatigue. Except for a slightly cachectic appearance, the physical examination was unremarkable. Laboratory results are shown in Table 1. View this table: Table 1. Chemistry and hematology laboratory results. Serum protein electrophoresis revealed monoclonal paraproteinemia in high abundance marked by an intense band in the γ region. Immunofixation electrophoresis was not ordered at that time, but it was previously performed at another institution and was positive for IgG monoclonal protein. The attending pathologist noted the discrepancy between the presence of a monoclonal band by serum protein electrophoresis and the patient's quantitative immunoglobulin measurements. Several additional suspicious test results were also noted. Multiple myeloma is a hematologic malignancy characterized by proliferation of a neoplastic plasma cell population that usually leads to abundant production of a monoclonal immunoglobulin, also called paraprotein or M-protein, as well as decreased concentrations of normal polyclonal immunoglobulins. Overwhelming expansion of plasma cells in the bone marrow with concomitant suppression of other normal blood cell lineages often results in thrombocytopenia and anemia, which are classically manifested as symptoms of bleeding and fatigue. Renal insufficiency, as evidenced by increased blood creatinine and blood urea nitrogen concentrations, also may occur and is likely due to filtration of associated monoclonal free light chains, which can cause tubular damage. Serum protein electrophoresis typically yields a discrete band in the γ region, and immunofixation demonstrates the presence of IgG monoclonal protein in over 50% of cases (1). ### QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER 1. What are some expected laboratory results in a patient with multiple myeloma? 2. Which of the patient's laboratory test results are unexpected given his diagnosis …
A motivational therapeutic assessment improves pain, mood, and relationship satisfaction in couples with chronic pain.

Abstract The current study tested whether a therapeutic assessment improved pain and well-being in couples facing chronic pain. Couples (N = 47) in which 1 spouse had chronic pain completed surveys about pain, mood, marital satisfaction, and empathy, followed by an interview and an assessment session to which they were randomly assigned: a tailored assessment of their marriage and pain coping that incorporated motivational interviewing strategies, or a control condition that included education about the gate control theory of pain. Multilevel modeling revealed that couples in the motivational assessment group experienced significant decreases in pain severity and negative mood, and increases in marital satisfaction and positive mood from baseline to postassessment, relative to the education control group. All participants experienced increases in empathy toward their partner except for spouses in the control group, who experienced declines in spousal empathy. The motivational assessment and control groups did not experience differential change in any of the variables at 1-month follow-up. Moderators of improvement were also explored, including age, race, gender, education, pain duration, spouse pain status, and marriage duration. The results provide preliminary evidence for the short-term benefits of a brief motivational assessment to improve psychosocial functioning in both patients and spouses. Perspective This article presents preliminary evidence in support of a brief therapeutic psychosocial assessment for couples with chronic pain. Assessments such as this may potentially help patients and their spouses feel more optimistic about pain treatment and increase the likelihood of entering treatment.
The Interrelationship Between Environmental Hostility And Entrepreneurial Orientation

The main purpose of this paper is to present an empirical analysis of the interrelationship between the propensity of a firm to adopt an entrepreneurial orientation and its perceived degree of environmental hostility. The present study provides support for a minority view in the literature which argues that there is an inverse relationship between the degree of perceived environmental hostility and the likelihood that the firm will adopt an entrepreneurial orientation. This is a conclusion not supported by those who argue on logical grounds that adoption of an entrepreneurial orientation is a viable solution to the problem of U.S. firms lack of global competitiveness.
Psychosocial Equine Program for Veterans

Nearly half of all combat veterans suffer from serious psychological disorders and reintegration issues. Veterans shy away from typical talk therapy and are seeking alternative treatments. Equine-facilitated mental health therapy has shown promise in treating veterans with depressive and anxiety disorders and reintegration issues. This article reports on an institutional review board-approved pilot program designed to address the mental health needs of veterans. Furthermore, this article discusses future directions for evolving development of equine treatment programming.
Centralized Posting and the Right to Exclude in the Digital Age

Many European nations recognize a right to hike, hunt or engage in other recreation on private land without the owner’s consent. Some American states once recognized variants of this right, but today all recognize the landowner’s right to exclude outdoor enthusiasts. Most states insist that landowners post signs or physically mark their property to exercise their right. This essay argues that states should allow landowners to “post” their property by checking a box when they pay their property taxes. States should then provide this information to the public in a form that can be accessed on the internet and stored on telephones or handheld GPS devices. This system would reduce the landowner’s cost of posting and improve the notice given to the public. This system could also enhance the government’s ability to serve as an intermediary between landowners and outdoor enthusiasts by negotiating for public access to private land. By playing the role of intermediary, the government substantially reduces bargaining costs and changes the analysis of the optimal allocation of property rights. Modern technology makes it much harder to argue for a general public right to access private land.
Estimation and Control of a Bio-Inspired Morphing Aircraft

An unmanned aerial vehicle has been developed with the ability to reconfigure its structure through morphing, to provide increased performance that will allow the aircraft to perform a bio-inspired perching maneuver similar to those performed by birds. Investigations into the accuracy and computational requirements of methods of estimation and control are needed to determine how various methods can be used for safe, reliable control of the aircraft. This paper discusses various estimation and control methods that could be used to allow the morphing aircraft to perform a desired maneuver. Simulations present some control examples of the aircraft following a set of trajectories, both for the nonlinear aircraft model and its linearized dynamics.Copyright © 2008 by ASME
The 'New Selma' and the Old Selma: Arizona, Alabama, and the Immigration Civil Rights Movement in the Twenty-first Century

In his unfinished manuscript, “The Politics of Expulsion: A Short History of Alabama’s Anti-Immigrant Law, HB 56,” the late Raymond A. Mohl, Distinguished Professor of History at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, directly and succinctly identified the true nature of the motivations behind the passage of HB 56 in the Alabama legislature. Professor Mohl observed that “nativist fears of large numbers of ethnically different newcomers, especially over job competition and unwanted cultural change, sometimes referred to as “cultural dilution,” provided political cover for politicians who sought to control and regulate immigration within state borders, but also to push illegal immigrants out.” By recognizing that HB 56 and other anti-immigrant laws that followed nationwide in the wake of SB 1070 were driven by racist and nativist politicians, Professor Mohl cut directly to the issue when he commented that “the state’s harsh, aggressive, and discriminatory anti-immigrant policy also brought back memories from a half-century earlier, when state-sponsored racial discrimination targeted African Americans.”
Regeneration of Tetraploid Plants of Royal Gala Apple Variety From in vitro Leave Treated with Colchicine

As a part of the program for improving the fruit characteristics of Royal Gala apple variety Malus domestica Borkh． in vitro cultured leaflet explants were treated on the shoot regeneration media supplemented with 0～200 mg／L colchicine for 5 days． Results shown that the tetraploid plants could be obtained from explants only on the medium with 25 mg／L colchicine． The efficiency was 36．7％． High concentration of colchicine inhibited regeneration and killed leaf explants． Flow cytometry was used for ploidy determination． The tetraploid plants were distinguishable from the diploid on morphlogical as well as cytogenetic grounds． All plants were transplanted into field and grafted on the rootstocks to evaluate the agronomic characters．
Broadband on-chip mid-IR supercontinuum generation

An axially non-uniform tapered As 2 S 3 planar waveguide has been designed for mid-IR supercontinuum generation. The dispersion profile is varying along the propagation distance. Numerical results show this scheme significantly broadens the generated continuum, extending from ~1 μm to ~7 μm.
GPS Level Height Manage Method Based on DEM and Gravity Model

The height manage technique using DEM model and gravity model together is put forward,and this technique is used to manage one city fifteen level height data in 8 000 km2.The result is compared with that of tradition technique,and the gravity model matching test is done at the same time.The experimental resultshows that the technique to be the same with the mountainous area where is very wide and there is not enough level height data.
PO2-dependent hydroxyl radical production during ischemia-reperfusion lung injury

Pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion results in transient hypertension and edema formation. Implicated in this injury are partially reduced oxygen species including the highly reactive hydroxyl radical. We measured ischemia-reperfusion injury and hydroxyl radical production following 90 min of either air-ventilated, N2-ventilated, or nonventilated ischemia in an isolated rabbit lung preparation. We found that edema formation was independent of alveolar oxygen tension (PO2); all ischemic groups had similar edema formation, regardless of the type of ventilation. Weight gain was 37-50 g of fluid during 40 min of reperfusion. Production of hydroxyl radical, measured by nonenzymatic hydroxylation of salicylate, was influenced by PO2 with a significant increase after air-ventilated ischemia (P < 0.05) but not after N2-ventilated ischemia. Treatment with dimethylthiourea or superoxide dismutase reduced edema formation 60-80% after air (P < 0.05)- and N2 (P < 0.05)-ventilated ischemia, whereas treatment with catalase p...
Modeling uplink coverage and rate with aggregation in machine-to-machine communication networks

Machine-to-machine (M2M) communication's severe power limitations challenge the interconnectivity, access management, and reliable communication of data. In densely deployed M2M networks, coordinating and aggregating the generated data is critical. We propose an energy efficient data aggregation scheme for a hierarchical M2M network with truncated power control. We optimize the number of hierarchical stages and perform a coverage probability-based uplink analysis for M2M devices. Our analysis exposes the key tradeoffs between the coverage characteristics for successive and parallel transmission schemes that can be either half-duplex or full-duplex. Comparing the rate performances of the transmission models, we observe that successive and half-duplex parallel modes have better coverage characteristics compared to full-duplex parallel scheme.
Soviet Women in Combat: New Gender Landscapes for the Army

Introduction: “We Are Talking Not about Individual Female Volunteers but about Thousands…” At the beginning of 1942, Major General Daniil Zhuravlev, Commander-in-Chief of the Moscow antiaircraft ground troops, was summoned to the office of Aleksandr Shcherbakov, head of the Moscow Party organization and member of the Party Central Committee. Zhuravlev hurried to the Moscow Party headquarters without knowing the reason for his sudden summons. As Zhuravlev recalled in his memoirs, the meeting began with the usual inquiries about the state of the capital's antiaircraft defenses. Then Shcherbakov posed a sudden question: “What would you say, Comrade Zhuravlev, if we send women to serve in your troops?” Taken aback, Zhuravlev had no ready answer. Without waiting for his reply, Shcherbakov hurried to clarify the numerical dimensions of the proposition: “I want to make sure [that you understand], we are talking not about individual female volunteers but about thousands.” Shcherbakov also quickly made it clear that the matter was not open for discussion. The decision to bring thousands of female volunteers into the antiaircraft ground troops, he said, was already “approved, in principle,” at the top of the Stalinist government – in the Party Central Committee. Zhuravlev's task was to begin immediately attending to the practical realization of women's entrance into his troops and to begin thinking of raising women volunteers into women soldiers.
Emergence of Central Asia: Post-Soviet Dynamics

During the crucial period of three years (1989–91) which witnessed the unravelling of the Soviet Union, Pakistan was primarily preoccupied with Afghanistan and its own internal political dynamics. After General Zia died in an aircrash in August 1988, elections were held in November 1988 and Benazir Bhutto, leader of Pakistan’s People’s Party, became Prime Minister. After nearly twenty chaotic months of her centrist government, she was dismissed by President Ghulam Ishaq Khan in the first week of August 1990. An interim government under Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi was installed, which organized new elections. The Islamic Democratic Alliance’s (IDI) Chief Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif was elected Prime Minister in November 1990.
CHAPTER IX – POLYCRYSTALLINE AND AMORPHOUS SOLAR CELLS

This chapter examines a number of well-known polycrystalline based solar cells and considers a variety of solar cells made from amorphous semiconductors. Single crystal materials exhibit an ordered structure for atomic location, while polycrystalline materials are composed of a number of single crystals oriented at random and separated by “grain boundaries.” Amorphous materials are noted for their complete lack of order when atomic locations beyond the next nearest neighbors are considered. Over and above the lower efficiency exhibited by polycrystalline (pc) semiconductor solar cells and solar cells constructed of amorphous (a) materials, the operating characteristics of polycrystalline based solar cells are dictated, in large part, by the characteristics of the grain boundaries. In the case of amorphous semiconductor based solar cells, the performance is not thoroughly understood, depending on the existence of trace elements, deep lying energy levels within the energy gap and the lack of bonding symmetry. The principal advantage of polycrystalline solar cells is one of cost. Being polycrystalline and thin, they can be fabricated on a wide variety of substrates by mass production techniques. The effective optical absorptivity of most polycrystalline materials is considerably higher than that for the single crystal form of the same material. This enables to construct much thinner solar cells and still capture the incoming photons. A variety of amorphous materials have undergone investigation as solar cell candidates, silicon being the most extensively involved.
Soluble factors secreted by endothelial cells allow for productive and latent HIV-1 infection in resting CD4+ T cells.

Abstract In vitro, it is difficult to infect resting CD4+ T cells with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV), but infections readily occur in vivo. Endothelial cells (ECs) interact with resting CD4+ T cells in vivo, and we found previously that EC stimulation leads to productive and latent HIV infection of resting CD4+ T cells. In this study, we further characterize the interactions between EC and resting T cells. We found that resting CD4+ T cells did not require direct contact with EC for productive and/or latent infection to occur, indicating the involvement of soluble factors. Among 30 cytokines tested in a multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we found that expressions for IL-6, IL-8, and CCL2 were much higher in EC-stimulated resting T cells than resting T cells cultured alone. IL-6 was found to be the soluble factor responsible for inducing productive infection of resting T cells, although direct contact with EC had an added effect. However, none of the cytokines tested, IL-6, IL...
Identification of Pm58 from Aegilops tauschii

A novel powdery mildew-resistance gene, designated Pm58, was introgressed directly from Aegilops tauschii to hexaploid wheat, mapped to chromosome 2DS, and confirmed to be effective under field conditions. Selectable KASP™ markers were developed for MAS. Powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis (DC.) f. sp. tritici (Bgt) remains a significant threat to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production. The rapid breakdown of race-specific resistance to Bgt reinforces the need to identify novel sources of resistance. The d-genome species, Aegilops tauschii, is an excellent source of disease resistance that is transferrable to T. aestivum. The powdery mildew-resistant Ae. tauschii accession TA1662 (2n = 2x = DD) was crossed directly with the susceptible hard white wheat line KS05HW14 (2n = 6x = AABBDD) followed by backcrossing to develop a population of 96 BC2F4 introgression lines (ILs). Genotyping-by-sequencing was used to develop a genome-wide genetic map that was anchored to the Ae. tauschii reference genome. A detached-leaf Bgt assay was used to screen BC2F4:6 ILs, and resistance was found to segregate as a single locus (χ = 2.0, P value = 0.157). The resistance gene, referred to as Pm58, mapped to chromosome 2DS. Pm58 was evaluated under field conditions in replicated trials in 2015 and 2016. In both years, a single QTL spanning the Pm58 locus was identified that reduced powdery mildew severity and explained 21% of field variation (P value < 0.01). KASP™ assays were developed from closely linked GBS-SNP markers, a refined genetic map was developed, and four markers that cosegregate with Pm58 were identified. This novel source of powdery mildew-resistance and closely linked genetic markers will support efforts to develop wheat varieties with powdery mildew resistance.
Reproductive Health and Justice in Alleviating World Suffering

The last few decades have seen substantial progress in reducing preventable maternal mortality and expanding contraceptive use, yet tremendous suffering prevails worldwide due to the continued failure to realize greater reproductive justice, particularly for the world’s 1.9 billion women of childbearing age. The vision for reproductive rights has now expanded beyond enabling women and couples to have control over the number and spacing of their children, yet this remains an elusive goal for many. High rates of unintended pregnancy and deficiencies in maternity care are found in all settings, and unsafe abortions are widespread in many countries. Multiple socio-cultural and political sensitivities pose major challenges to improving reproductive health and well-being, as do the difficulties of operationalizing reproductive health programs. Overall, the burden of poor reproductive health is greatest in Africa, where poverty levels are highest, gender equity tends to be relatively low, and effective healthcare is less accessible or affordable. Harmful traditional practices such as child marriage are proving difficult to eradicate, especially where exacerbated by poverty and conflict, but intimate partner violence remains a common behavior in all regions. Everywhere, vulnerable groups include adolescents, poor women, and marginalized ethnic/racial and religious minorities. The achievement of universal access to maternal, sexual, and reproductive health services, an enhanced focus on equity, and improving quality of care are critical to fulfilling the human rights of women, improving development prospects, and alleviating suffering.
Abstract 295: Macrophages Induce Apoptosis of Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells via a Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) Mediated Cytotoxicity

Objectives Excessive apoptosis of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) has been observed in human and experimental abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). We have previously demonstrated in a murine model of AAA that apoptotic SMCs attract monocytes and other leukocytes by producing MCP-1. In this study, we hypothesized that MCP-1 may contribute to aortic destruction also by enhancing pro-apoptotic capability of infiltrating macrophages. Methods and Results In a co-culture system MCP-1 primed RAW264.7 macrophages caused significantly more apoptosis of SMCs compared to control macrophages (1.53±0.11 fold increase in % of Annexin V PE+/7AAD-/CD11b- cells, n=5, p Conclusions Taken together, our data suggest that MCP-1 not only attract monocytes/macrophages but also can modulate their function. Mechanistically, MCP-1 primes macrophages by increasing levels of membrane bound FasL. Since apoptotic SMCs release MCP-1 in large quantity, this newly described role of MCP-1 may indicate a positive feedback loop between residential SMCs and infiltrating macrophages.
Temperature-Dependent Electric Field Poling Effects in CH3NH3PbI3 Optoelectronic Devices

Organo-lead halide perovskites show excellent optoelectronic properties; however, the unexpected inconsistency in forward–backward I–V characteristics remains a problem for fabricating solar panels. Here we have investigated the reasons behind this “hysteresis” by following the changes in photocurrent and photoluminescence under electric field poling in transverse CH3NH3PbI3-based devices from 300 to 10 K. We found that the hysteresis disappears at cryogenic temperatures, indicating the “freeze-out” of the ionic diffusion contribution. When the same device is cooled under continuous poling, the built-in electric field from ion accumulation brings significant photovoltaic effect even at 10 K. From the change of photoluminescence upon polling, we found a second dipole-related mechanism which enhances radiative recombination upon the alignment of the organic cations. The ionic origin of hysteresis was also verified by applying a magnetic field to affect the ion diffusion. These findings reveal the coexistenc...
Intracerebral scopolamine administration attenuates Pavlovian heart rate conditioning in the rabbit.

Scopolamine hydrobromide was injected into the a) septum, b) dorsal hippocampus, or c) lateral ventricles of conscious rabbits via bilateral chronic indwelling cannulas. The cardiac orienting reflex (OR) and heart rate (HR) classical conditioning were assessed. A fourth group of animals received injections of the vehicle solution into these same brain areas and were otherwise similarly trained. Scopolamine had no effect on the cardiac OR produced by unreinforced tone stimuli. The OR consisted of pronounced bradycardia that habituated over successive trials in all groups. The HR change during classical conditioning also consisted of bradycardia. However, these conditional HR changes were attenuated by scopolamine injected into the septum and lateral ventricles, but were not affected by injections into the dorsal hippocampus. These results suggest that centrally applied scopolamine may affect a central nervous system associative process, and not a mechanism directly involved in primary bradycardia.
Hidden in Plain Sight: A Music Therapist and Music Educator in A Public School District.

The purpose of this intrinsic case study was to clarify the roles of a music educator and music therapist in a North American public school district. This case was unique because some of the studen...
El emprendimiento de la mujer rural española: análisis de la brecha salarial. Una realidad difícil de solucionar

La mujer espanola en el mundo rural, desarrolla un trabajo a veces no reconocido por la sociedad, la falta de concienciacion de su empoderamiento le lleva a realizar trabajos no acordes con su formacion academica, contratos temporales, jornadas a tiempo parcial, hacen que su situacion economica este en desventaja respecto a los hombres. A traves de un trabajo de campo se ha analizado la brecha salarial y con un modelo logit la probabilidad de que una mujer sea empresaria en el mundo rural, en funcion de sus caracteristicas socioeconomicas, con el objetivo de conocer su capacidad de emprendimiento que le hara mas igualitaria laboralmente, reducira la brecha salarial y evitara su empobrecimiento futuro.
Circular-polarization modulator

Switching the handedness of circularly polarized light requires separately controlling the phases of orthogonal components while maintaining their magnitudes, ideally with gigahertz operation rates. Ultrafast switching has now been realized via all-optical control of birefringent metamaterials.
CFTR functional assays in drug development

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is the most common fatal genetic disease in persons of Northern European ancestry. It is an autosomal recessive disease caused by loss of function of the ...
Nietzsche and Emancipatory Politics: Queer Theory as Anti-Morality

This article offers an emancipatory appropriation of Nietzsche’s work, making the case that the founding of the field of queer theory exemplifies and proffers a liberatory Nietzschean praxis of ant...
Clinical presentation of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced inflammatory arthritis differs by immunotherapy regimen.

Abstract Introduction Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a class of cancer immunotherapy, increasingly utilized to treat malignancies. Inflammatory arthritis (IA) is a potential consequence of ICI use, but there is limited information to guide evaluation and management of this immune-related adverse event (irAE). This study aimed to characterize clinical phenotypes, IA treatment and response in the largest cohort of patients with ICI-induced IA reported to date. Methods Patients with rheumatologist-confirmed IA occurring during or after ICI treatment with no prior history of autoimmune disease were included. Data were analyzed by ICI treatment regimen; treatments included combination CTLA-4/PD-1 inhibition, anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 monotherapy. Relationship to the development of other irAEs, management of IA, and outcomes of IA management were evaluated. Results Of 30 patients identified, those treated with combination ICI therapy were more likely to present with knee arthritis, to have higher levels of C-reactive protein, to have already had another irAE, and to have a reactive arthritis-like phenotype. In contrast, patients treated with ICI monotherapy were more likely to have initial small joint involvement and to have IA as their only irAE. Ten patients required additional immunosuppression beyond corticosteroids, with TNF-inhibitors and/or methotrexate. Tumor progression while on non-corticosteroid immunosuppression was not seen in those with initial tumor response to ICIs. Conclusion These data suggest that distinct IA phenotypes may emerge with exposure to different ICI regimens. The majority of patients referred to rheumatology required systemic immunosuppression to manage their IA symptoms. Tumor progression was not seen in patients requiring TNF-inhibitors.
Thomas Prust his Booke Amen 1702

The person who prepared most of the entries for the cyphering book studied in this chapter was Thomas Prust, who was born in England in 1690 and migrated to New England in 1720. There is a handwritten note in the cyphering book indicating that in 1720 Thomas passed it on to James Collings. Thomas became a shopkeeper and the training he received when he was preparing his beautiful, largely abbaco-inspired, cyphering book would have been beneficial to him during his time as a shopkeeper. He used the galley algorithm when performing division calculations, and was determined to master the rule of three. Many of the problems in the cyphering book were linked to real-life situations. The record indicates that James Collings became a sea captain, and he probably took this cyphering book with him on his voyages. Although we do not know how many later students were guided by this extraordinary manuscript, of one thing we can be certain: this was originally Thomas Prust’s “booke,” and over 300 years later most of it still remains intact.
Peginterferon beta-1a for the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis: A case series.

Abstract Interferon beta therapies have been effective in the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis for over 2 decades. These therapies have varying routes and schedules of administration but broadly similar clinical and radiologic efficacy. The most commonly reported adverse effects are flu-like symptoms and injection site reactions. The most recent addition to the class is peginterferon beta-1a, which is administered subcutaneously every 2 weeks. Although clinically stable patients with multiple sclerosis may switch between platform therapies (such as interferons) based on tolerability or personal preference, few studies have explored the outcomes of switching. Herein I present 3 cases of patients who either initiated therapy with peginterferon beta-1a or switched from another interferon and had positive outcomes. With appropriate patient education and expectation setting regarding potential flu-like symptoms and injection-site reactions, peginterferon beta-1a may be a beneficial alternative for patients who prefer less frequent injections.
The Rhesus – a Pro-Satyric Play?

When Rhesus was composed and by whom is still debated, and we shall probably never have unequivocal answers. Regardless of whether it was written by Euripides, who was known for experimenting, or by someone else, could we reasonably consider it a pro-satyric play (i. e. a light play that concludes a tetralogy instead of a satyr play), due to similarities with the Alcestis in its treatment of serious themes, certain satyric features, and some of the play’s unconventional elements, such as lack of pathos, deflation of ethos, and the humor of some scenes? Could the play have been presented in place of the burlesque satyr-play which usually provided humor and release from the tragic tension created by the three preceding full-scale tragedies performed in the agōn? We know that in 438 BCE Euripides presented the Alcestis, which is neither a satyr-play, nor a full-fledged tragedy, as a pro-satyric play. The likelihood that the play was pro-satyric would support the view advanced by some scholars that Euripides preferred pro-satyric plays to satyr-plays, and would thus help explain the low number of satyr-plays (eight) in the catalogue of Euripides’ plays (estimated at ca 92).
Utility of restaging patients with stage II/III rectal cancer following neoadjuvant chemo/XRT: A systematic review.

495Background: In the US, patients with clinical stage II/III rectal cancer typically receive neoadjuvant chemoradiation (chemo/XRT) over 5-6 weeks followed by a 6-10 week break before proctectomy....
Women and Work in Cuba During the First Three Decades of the Revolution, 1959–1989

To situate women’s impressive advances in terms of education and employment in a historical context, this historiographic chapter examines how ideology regarding women’s employment was applied in terms of policy and practice during the first three decades of the Cuban revolution. By combining analysis of oral history testimonies with official revolutionary publications and other secondary sources, this chapter explores the direct confrontation between revolutionary polices inspired by Marxist ideology and traditional patriarchal cultural norms. Although Jeronimo Kersh demonstrates how the revolution failed to achieve gender equality in the private sphere, by juxtaposing examples of other socialist, regional, and capitalist countries, she highlights how Cuba managed to achieve more substantial gender equality in the public sphere than in other countries during these decades.
Geographical information systems theory, applications and management

The importance of GISs has reached unprecedented levels. As a result, there is an increased interest regarding the potential impact of GIS on cities and organizations. Given the increasing importan...
Societies, Types of

Abstract Societies may be classified along many dimensions – large or small, geographic location, resource base, form of government, kind of economy, and so on. This article describes two new approaches to classifying societies, both grounded in basic sociobehavioral theory, specifically, on Plato's and Aristotle's idea that the ways and means of seeking happiness generate distinctive types of societies. The first approach arises from the new unified theory (NUT) of sociobehavioral forces, which posits three forces from the Mertonian middle range and yields five types of societies (echoing Plato's hint). The second approach is based on four deeper engines of behavior, and yields 15 types of societies (four single-engine societies, six dual-engine societies, four triple-engine societies, and one quad-engine society) plus a null society, with no visible engine of social behavior – for a total of 2 n or 16 societies. In the language of happiness, the first approach is based on three middle-range carriers of happiness and the second on four deeper carriers of happiness. An as yet unanswered question is whether the middle-range carriers of happiness can be derived from the deeper carriers of happiness, or, equivalently, whether the NUT societies can be derived from the deeper-engine societies.
Inhibition of heme sequestration of histidine‐rich protein 2 using multiple epitope‐targeted peptides

Plasmodium falciparum is the most lethal species of malaria. In infected human red blood cells, P. falciparum digests hemoglobin as a nutrient source, liberating cytotoxic free heme in the process. Sequestration and subsequent conversion of this byproduct into hemozoin, an inert biocrystalline heme aggregate, plays a key role in parasite survival. Hemozoin has been a longstanding target of antimalarials such as chloroquine (CQ), which inhibit the biocrystallization of free heme. In this study, we explore heme-binding interactions with histidine-rich-protein 2 (HRP2), a known malarial biomarker and purported player in free heme sequestration. HRP2 is notoriously challenging to target due to its highly repetitious sequence and irregular secondary structure. We started with three protein-catalyzed capture agents (PCCs) developed against epitopes of HRP2, inclusive of heme-binding motifs, and explored their ability to inhibit heme:HRP2 complex formation. Cocktails of the individual PCCs exhibit an inhibitory potency similar to CQ, while a covalently linked structure built from two separate PCCs provided considerably increased inhibition relative to CQ. Epitope-targeted disruption of heme:HRP2 binding is a novel approach towards disrupting P. falciparum-related hemozoin formation.
Hypothyroid Symptoms in Levothyroxine-Treated Patients

Purpose: Approximately 15% of patients with hypothyroidism are dissatisfied with their treatment due to persistence of residual symptoms associated with hypothyroidism. The purpose of this study was to compare thyroid symptoms using the hypothyroid symptom scale (HSS) in patients receiving stable thyroid therapy for 6 months to patients without hypothyroidism. The HSS was used to identify the percentage of levothyroxine-treated hypothyroid patients with residual or persistent hypothyroid symptoms. Methods: Patients included in the study had hypothyroidism and were receiving a stable/maintenance dose of levothyroxine sodium therapy, unchanged for at least 6 months. A control group of patients were included if they did not have an active prescription for thyroid hormone therapy. The HSS was administered via phone or face-to-face interactions. Patients were asked to score 10 symptoms over the past month on a scale of 0 to 4 (e.g., 0, absence of, to 4, severe symptoms). Results were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. T-tests and chi-squared analysis were used to assess differences in continuous and categorical variables. Results: A total of 68% of the contacted patients responded to the survey. A total of 302 patients were in the intervention group and 273 were in the control group. The mean total HSS scores between groups were significantly higher in the treatment compared to the control group (13.92 ± 10.91 vs.10.07 ± 7.85; P < 0.001). Conclusion: Significantly more patients receiving thyroid hormone therapy experienced residual thyroid symptoms compared to control patients. Attempts should be made to offer alternatives for hypothyroid patients with persistent symptoms. Article Type: Original Research
The evolving world of research in marketing and the blending of theory and data

Abstract The world, and the way research is conducted in marketing, has changed over the last fifty years. For example, there has been an increased emphasis on theory and model testing. This paper briefly identifies some of the changes that have occurred. It then discusses the role of theory and presents a method for combining theory (intuition, expectations) with data to form a model. Finally, it identifies a number of concerns with the way research is typically conducted, most of which involve “formulaic” approaches that have developed. The purpose of the paper is not to present a correct approach. Rather it is to have all of us, but especially young scholars, think more critically (and imaginatively) about how to advance knowledge in marketing.
Associations between the activity of placental nutrient-sensing pathways and neonatal and postnatal metabolic health: the ECHO Healthy Start cohort.

Our hypothesis was that the activity of placental nutrient-sensing pathways is associated with adiposity and metabolic health in childhood. Using placental villus samples from healthy mothers from the Healthy Start Study, we measured the abundance and phosphorylation of key intermediates in the mTOR, insulin, AMPK, and ER stress signaling pathways. Using multivariate multiple regression models, we tested the association between placental proteins and offspring adiposity (%fat mass) at birth (n = 109), 4–6 months (n = 104), and 4–6 years old (n = 64), adjusted for offspring sex and age. Placental mTORC1 phosphorylation was positively associated with adiposity at birth (R2 = 0.13, P = 0.009) and 4–6 years (R2 = 0.15, P = 0.046). The mTORC2 target PKCα was positively associated with systolic blood pressure at 4–6 years (β = 2.90, P = 0.005). AMPK phosphorylation was positively associated with adiposity at birth (β = 2.32, P = 0.023), but the ratio of phosphorylated to total AMPK was negatively associated with skinfold thickness (β = −2.37, P = 0.022) and body weight (β = −2.92, P = 0.005) at 4–6 years. This is the first report of associations between key placental protein activity measures and longitudinal child outcomes at various life stages. Our data indicate that AMPK and mTOR signaling are linked to cardiometabolic measures at birth and 4–6 years, providing novel insight into potential mechanisms underpinning how metabolic signaling in the placenta is associated with future risk of cardiovascular disease.
The value of public organizations’ diversity reputation in women’s and minorities’ job choice decisions

Despite the increasing attention given to promoting demographic diversity in the public sector, empirical explanations of what influences people, particularly women and racial minorities, to work i...
Boone, Black Hawk, and Crockett in 1833: Unsettling the Mythic West

Review of: Boone, Black Hawk, and Crockett in 1833: Unsettling the Mythic West, edited by Michael A. Lofaro.
Patient-Reported Outcome Measures and Dosimetric Correlates for Early Detection of Acute Radiation Therapy-Related Esophagitis

Abstract Background We investigate the time to and clinical factors associated with patient-reported difficulty swallowing in lung cancer patients treated with radiation therapy (RT). Methods Between October 2016 and October 2019, lung cancer patients treated with conventionally fractionated RT at a tertiary cancer center were identified. Weekly, patients reported difficulty swallowing (patient-reported outcome version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events [PRO-CTCAE] v.1: 0-none, 1-mild, 2-moderate, 3-severe, 4-very severe). Physicians graded dysphagia (CTCAE v.4: 0-none, 1-symptoms without altered intake, 2-symptomatic; altered eating/swallowing, 3-severely altered eating/swallowing, 4-life-threatening consequences, 5-death). Tumor-related difficulty swallowing was not recorded at baseline; thus, patients reporting ≥moderate symptoms ≤7 days of RT start were excluded. We evaluated the time to new patient reports of ≥moderate difficulty swallowing and CTCAE grade 2+ dysphagia and development over time using the cumulative incidence method. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated associations between clinical factors, esophageal V60, and development of esophageal symptoms. Results Of the 200 patients identified: median age was 69 years, 52% were male, and 89% had stage III+ disease. Patients received a median of 63 Gy with chemotherapy (91.5%). At least moderate difficulty swallowing during RT was reported by 76 of 200 patients (38%); clinicians rated dysphagia as altering oral intake or worse for 26 of 200 (13%). Median time to first report of symptoms was 21 days (interquartile ratio [IQR], 18-34.5) for the 76 patients who reported ≥moderate symptoms and 33 days (IQR, 24-42) in the 26 patients whose provider reported grade 2+ dysphagia. The 30-day incidence of patient-reported ≥moderate swallowing difficulty and provider grade 2+ dysphagia was 26% (95% CI: 20%-32%) and 6% (95% CI: 3%-9%), respectively. Esophageal V60 >7 % was the clinical factor most associated with patient-reported ≥moderate esophageal symptoms (odds ratio 6.1, 95% CI: 3.0-12.3). Conclusions Patients report at least moderate difficulty swallowing more often and earlier than providers report grade 2+ dysphagia. Esophageal V60 ≥7% was most associated with development of moderate severity or worse patient-reported swallowing difficulty.