cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Dry flue gas desulfurization by-product application effects on plant uptake and soil storage changes in a managed grassland

Environmental regulations mandate that sulfur dioxide (SO2) be removed from the flue gases of coal-fired power plants, which results in the generation of flue gas desulfurization (FGD) by-products. These FGD by-products may be a viable soil amendment, but the large amounts of trace elements contained in FGD by-products are potentially concerning. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of land application of a high-Ca dry FGD (DFGD) by-product on trace elements in aboveground biomass and soil. A high-Ca DFGD by-product was applied once at a rate of 9 Mg ha−1 on May 18, 2015 to small plots with mixed-grass vegetation. Soil and biomass were sampled prior to application and several times thereafter. Aboveground dry matter and tissue As, Co, Cr, Hg, Se, U, and V concentrations increased (P 0.05) from pre-application levels or the unamended control within 3 to 6 months of application. Soil pH in the amended treatment 6 months after application was greater (P < 0.05) than in the unamended control. Soil Ca, S, and Na contents also increased (P < 0.05), following by-product application compared to the unamended control. High-Ca DFGD by-products appear to be useful as a soil amendment, but cause at least a temporary increase in tissue concentrations of trace elements, which may be problematic for animal grazing situations.
New technologies, continuing ideologies: Online reader comments as a support for media perspectives of minority religions

Abstract The recent growth of populism has resulted in dramatic political change in British, European and American politics. Given the role of right-wing media in legitimising and encouraging traditionalist, nationalist or sometimes far-right populist discourse, the linguistic and semantic relationship between news and readers’ discourse in the context of right-leaning news websites merits investigation in the current climate. This paper examines the relationship in terms of representations of Islam and Catholicism in Daily Mail and Telegraph websites. Empirical keyword analysis of news articles and linked comments is presented. Key semantic categories revealed evidence for stereotypical representation of these religions, as applicable to new media contexts and enacted in the websites of traditional print media. Results highlighted that long-term themes such as ‘Islamic terrorism, war and extreme belief’ and ‘the Pope, Vatican and scandals in the Catholic Church’ continue to dominate news stories online. 18 out of 19 categories in Islam news repeated in comments, and 9 out of 13 in Catholicism news repeated in comments. This strong overlap indicated close connections between news and comments and shared ideologies. Higher numbers of semantic categories in comments showed greater variation of topics than news, with 15 and 23 additional categories in Islam and Catholicism comments respectively. However, key multi-words reflecting collectivisation of communities, such as Muslim country, were identified in news and repeated in comments. Investigation of Muslim country revealed nationalistic and polarising statements by readers, while investigation of penitents revealed portrayal of Catholics as an ‘out-group’ through lexis which denoted violence, shock and crime. Closer analysis of some keywords revealed polarity between readers displaying differing views in relation to various aspects of religion. Taken together, however, findings suggested that age old stereotypes of minority religions were perpetuated in new media contexts.
$\varepsilon ^{\star }$ : An Online Coverage Path Planning Algorithm

This paper presents an algorithm called $\varepsilon ^{\star }$ , for online coverage path planning of unknown environment. The algorithm is built upon the concept of an Exploratory Turing Machine (ETM), which acts as a supervisor to the autonomous vehicle to guide it with adaptive navigation commands. The ETM generates a coverage path online using Multiscale Adaptive Potential Surfaces (MAPS), which are hierarchically structured and dynamically updated based on sensor information. The $\varepsilon ^{\star }$ -algorithm is computationally efficient, guarantees complete coverage, and does not suffer from the local extrema problem. Its performance is validated by 1) high-fidelity simulations on Player/Stage and 2) actual experiments in a laboratory setting on autonomous vehicles.
Optimizing Endoscope Reprocessing Resources Via Process Flow Queuing Analysis

The Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) is merging its older endoscope processing facilities into a single new facility that will enable high-level disinfection of endoscopes for both the ORs and Endoscopy Suite, leveraging economies of scale for improved patient care and optimal use of resources. Finalized resource planning was necessary for the merging of facilities to optimize staffing and make final equipment selections to support the nearly 33,000 annual endoscopy cases. To accomplish this, we employed operations management methodologies, analyzing the physical process flow of scopes throughout the existing Endoscopy Suite and ORs and mapping the future state capacity of the new reprocessing facility. Further, our analysis required the incorporation of historical case and reprocessing volumes in a multi-server queuing model to identify any potential wait times as a result of the new reprocessing cycle. We also performed sensitivity analysis to understand the impact of future case volume growth. We found that our future-state reprocessing facility, given planned capital expenditures for automated endoscope reprocessors (AERs) and pre-processing sinks, could easily accommodate current scope volume well within the necessary pre-cleaning-to-sink reprocessing time limit recommended by manufacturers. Further, in its current planned state, our model suggested that the future endoscope reprocessing suite at MGH could support an increase in volume of at least 90% over the next several years. Our work suggests that with simple mathematical analysis of historic case data, significant changes to a complex perioperative environment can be made with ease while keeping patient safety as the top priority.
Quality of early childhood programs in inclusive and noninclusive settings

This study assessed factors that contributed to global program quality in early childhood settings. The sample consisted of 180 community-based child care centers from 12 geographically and economically diverse regions in North Carolina. The Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale (ECERS) total mean score was used as the primary measure of global program quality. The study found that 62 (34%) of the early childhood programs reported enrolling at least one child with disabilities. The study also found that inclusive early childhood programs scored significantly higher on the ECERS overall than did noninclusive programs. Results of an Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) indicated three other predictors of global program quality: teacher education, professional experience, and teacher self-ratings of knowledge and skill.
Contemporary Outcomes After Repair of Isolated and Complex Complete Atrioventricular Septal Defect.

Background Contemporary outcomes of complete atrioventricular septal defect (CAVSD) repair, particularly for defects with associated abnormalities, is unclear. The goal of this study is to report an all-inclusive experience of CAVSD repair using a consistent surgical approach. Methods All patients undergoing CAVSD repair between 1995 and 2016 at our institution were included. Patients were divided into 2 groups: isolated and complex (tetralogy of Fallot, aortic arch repair, double outlet right ventricle, and total anomalous pulmonary venous return). Survival and reoperation were analyzed using log-rank test and Gray’s test, respectively. Multivariable analysis was performed with Cox regression. Results Overall, 406 patients underwent repair: 350 (86%) isolated and 56 (14%) complex CAVSD (tetralogy of Fallot: 34, double outlet right ventricle: 7, aortic arch repair: 12, total anomalous pulmonary venous return: 3). Median age at repair was 5 months (range, 10 days to 16 years); 339 (84%) had trisomy 21. A 2-patch repair was used in 395 (97%) and the zone of apposition was completely closed in 305 (75%). Perioperative mortality was 2% and 4% in the isolated and complex groups, respectively. Perioperative mortality since 2006 was 0.9%. Median follow-up was 7 years. Overall 10-year survival and incidence of any reoperation were 92% and 11%, respectively. Complex anatomy was not a risk factor for mortality (p = 0.35), but it was for reoperation (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.6; p Conclusions Mortality after CAVSD repair is low, yet reoperation remains a significant problem. Repair of complex CAVSD can be performed with similar mortality rates.
Medical Screening of Mental Health Patients in the Emergency Department: A Systematic Review.

Abstract Background Patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with psychiatric complaints often require medical screening to evaluate for a medical cause of their symptoms. Objective We sought to evaluate the existing literature on the medical screening of psychiatric patients and establish recommendations for ideal screening practices in Western-style EDs. Methods PubMed, PsycINFO, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for clinical studies examining the medical screening of adult psychiatric patients in the ED or inappropriate referrals to psychiatry. Articles were graded using the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) grading tool and sorted into topics. A 3-level grading algorithm used by other emergency medicine organizations was used to evaluate the strength of the evidence for each recommendation. Results Sixty articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Most published literature on medical screening consisted of nonrandomized studies with a high risk of bias. Some screening procedures, such as history and physical examination, were extensively recommended. Other screening procedures received mixed recommendations. Conclusions Based on available literature, physician experts developed 7 recommendations. For a patient with known psychiatric disease presenting with symptom exacerbation, medical screening should include a full medical and psychiatric history, a targeted physical examination, and a mental status examination. Urine toxicology screening and nonurine drug screen laboratory testing should not be routinely performed. Additional screening tests may be valuable for patients with new-onset psychiatric symptoms who are ≥65 years of age, are immunosuppressed, or have concomitant medical disease. However, additional studies on this topic with more rigorous methodology must be conducted to establish definitive guidelines.
G-code Visualization and Editing Program for Inexpensive Metal 3D Printing

Abstract This work focuses on improving an existing system for 3D printing of metal objects using a sinterable clay or paste. The existing software and firmware used by the current 3D Mini Metal Maker (MMM) printer produce a high rate of poor quality products that result from either under-extrusion or over-extrusion conditions. In practice, to successfully print an object, different extrusion rates and printing speeds are needed for different sections of the part, such as the outline, the infill, and the lettering. For an MMM printer, the extrusion rate is manually controlled by a knob, which is ineffective and inaccurate given the noticeable lag response of the extruder motor. In this paper, a 3D visualization MATLAB™ program is developed to read the G-code file, separate the G-code into color-coded sections and produce a 3D graphical model, and change the values according to user specifications. It allows users to easily and visually recognize and select a separate chunk of G-code, such as layer by layer or individual graphical elements in each layer, then to edit the printing speed and extrusion rate accordingly. It also allows users to optimize these printing parameters in a batch mode if such desired printing speeds and extrusion rates for a different section of the printing part are already known. Experiments conducted with an MMM printer and bronze-paste materials show improvements in both printing time and quality.
Multi-etiological Perspective on Child Obesity Prevention.

The simple energy balance model of obesity is inconsistent with the available findings on obesity etiology, prevention, and treatment. Yet, the most commonly stated causes of pediatric obesity are predicated on this model. A more comprehensive biological model is needed upon which to base behavioral interventions aimed at obesity prevention. In this light, alternative etiologies are little investigated and thereby poorly understood. Three candidate alternate etiologies are briefly presented: infectobesity, the gut microbiome, and circadian rhythms. Behavioral child obesity preventive investigators need to collaborate with biological colleagues to more intensively analyze the behavioral aspects of these etiologies and to generate innovative procedures for preventing a multi-etiological problem, e.g., group risk analysis, triaging for likely causes of obesity.
Communicative Strengths in Severe Aphasia: The Famous People Protocol and Its Value in Planning Treatment

Purpose This clinical focus article describes the development and use of the Famous People Protocol (FPP), a clinical tool for observing the strategies people with severe aphasia (PWSA) can use to ...
Comparative transcriptomics of early petal development across four diverse species of Aquilegia reveal few genes consistently associated with nectar spur development

Petal nectar spurs, which facilitate pollination through animal attraction and pollen placement, represent a key innovation promoting diversification in the genus Aquilegia (Ranunculaceae). Identifying the genetic components that contribute to the development of these three-dimensional structures will inform our understanding of the number and types of genetic changes that are involved in the evolution of novel traits. In a prior study, gene expression between two regions of developing petals, the laminar blade and the spur cup, was compared at two developmental stages in the horticultural variety A. coerulea ‘Origami’. Several hundred genes were differentially expressed (DE) between the blade and spur at both developmental stages. In order to narrow in on a set of genes crucial to early spur formation, the current study uses RNA sequencing (RNAseq) to conduct comparative expression analyses of petals from five developmental stages between four Aquilegia species, three with morphologically variable nectar spurs, A. sibirica, A. formosa, and A. chrysantha, and one that lacks nectar spurs, A. ecalcarata. Petal morphology differed increasingly between taxa across the developmental stages assessed, with petals from all four taxa being indistinguishable pre-spur formation at developmental stage 1 (DS1) and highly differentiated by developmental stage 5 (DS5). In all four taxa, genes involved in mitosis were down-regulated over the course of the assessed developmental stages, however, many genes involved in mitotic processes remained expressed at higher levels later in development in the spurred taxa. A total of 690 genes were identified that were consistently DE between the spurred taxa and A. ecalcarata at all five developmental stages. By comparing these genes with those identified as DE between spur and blade tissue in A. coerulea ‘Origami’, a set of only 35 genes was identified that shows consistent DE between petal samples containing spur tissue versus those without spur tissue. The results of this study suggest that expression differences in very few loci are associated with the presence and absence of spurs. In general, it appears that the spurless petals of A. ecalcarata cease cell divisions and enter the cell differentiation phase at an earlier developmental time point than those that produce spurs. This much more tractable list of 35 candidates genes will greatly facilitate targeted functional studies to assess the genetic control and evolution of petal spurs in Aquilegia.
BV Photometry of RR Lyrae Variables in the Globular Cluster NGC 5466

We present new BV CCD photometry, light curves, and ephemerides for 20 RR Lyrae variables and the anomalous Cepheid, V19, in the globular cluster NGC 5466. Estimates of fundamental photometric parameters are presented, including intensity- and magnitude-averaged V magnitudes and colors, pulsation periods, and pulsation amplitudes. In several cases we find periods substantially different from those previously reported. A color-magnitude diagram is given in which the regions occupied by RRab and RRc variables have little or no overlap with each other or with the nonvariable horizontal branch. The boundaries of the instability strip for NGC 5466 are determined.
Utilizing Electrocochleography as a Microphone for Fully Implantable Cochlear Implants

Current cochlear implants (CIs) are semi-implantable devices with an externally worn sound processor that hosts the microphone and sound processor. A fully implantable device, however, would ultimately be desirable as it would be of great benefit to recipients. While some prototypes have been designed and used in a few select cases, one main stumbling block is the sound input. Specifically, subdermal implantable microphone technology has been poised with physiologic issues such as sound distortion and signal attenuation under the skin. Here we propose an alternative method that utilizes a physiologic response composed of an electrical field generated by the sensory cells of the inner ear to serve as a sound source microphone for fully implantable hearing technology such as CIs. Electrophysiological results obtained from 14 participants (adult and pediatric) document the feasibility of capturing speech properties within the electrocochleography (ECochG) response. Degradation of formant properties of the stimuli /da/ and /ba/ are evaluated across various degrees of hearing loss. Preliminary results suggest proof-of-concept of using the ECochG response as a microphone is feasible to capture vital properties of speech. However, further signal processing refinement is needed in addition to utilization of an intracochlear recording location to likely improve signal fidelity.
Spin Squeezing with Short-Range Spin-Exchange Interactions.

We investigate many-body spin squeezing dynamics in an $XXZ$ model with interactions that fall off with distance $r$ as $1/{r}^{\ensuremath{\alpha}}$ in $D=2$ and 3 spatial dimensions. In stark contrast to the Ising model, we find a broad parameter regime where spin squeezing comparable to the infinite-range $\ensuremath{\alpha}=0$ limit is achievable even when interactions are short ranged, $\ensuremath{\alpha}gD$. A region of ``collective'' behavior in which optimal squeezing grows with system size extends all the way to the $\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\infty}$ limit of nearest-neighbor interactions. Our predictions, made using the discrete truncated Wigner approximation, are testable in a variety of experimental cold atomic, molecular, and optical platforms.
Corneal wound healing.

Abstract The corneal wound healing response is typically initiated by injuries to the epithelium and/or endothelium that may also involve the stroma. However, it can also be triggered by immune or infectious processes that enter the stroma via the limbal blood vessels. For mild injuries or infections, such as epithelial abrasions or mild controlled microbial infections, limited keratocyte apoptosis occurs and the epithelium or endothelium regenerates, the epithelial basement membrane (EBM) and/or Descemet's basement membrane (DBM) is repaired, and keratocyte- or fibrocyte-derived myofibroblast precursors either undergo apoptosis or revert to the parent cell types. For more severe injuries with extensive damage to EBM and/or DBM, delayed regeneration of the basement membranes leads to ongoing penetration of the pro-fibrotic cytokines transforming growth factor (TGF) β1, TGFβ2 and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) that drive the development of mature alpha-smooth muscle actin (SMA)+ myofibroblasts that secrete large amounts of disordered extracellular matrix (ECM) components to produce scarring stromal fibrosis. Fibrosis is dynamic with ongoing mitosis and development of SMA + myofibroblasts and continued autocrine-or paracrine interleukin (IL)-1-mediated apoptosis of myofibroblasts and their precursors. Eventual repair of the EBM and/or DBM can lead to at least partial resolution of scarring fibrosis.
Genital verruciform xanthoma: lessons from a contemporary multi-institutional series.

Aims Verruciform xanthoma (VX) is an uncommon lesion, seen in the oral mucosa and rarely occurring at cutaneous genital sites. Reports of exceptional VX presentations dominate the literature; herein, we assess the clinical and histological features of a cohort of routine, consecutive cases. Methods and results Clinicopathological features of genital VXs from four academic centres were reviewed. A cohort of 25 lesions from 24 patients (22 male, two female; median age = 62 years), occurred on the scrotum (84%), penis (8%) and perineum/vulva (8%). VX was never suspected clinically; considerations ranged from fibroepithelial polyps to squamous cell carcinoma. Classic diagnostic criteria were present at least focally in each lesion, including verrucous architecture, prominent wedge-shaped parakeratosis extending between exophytic epidermal projections and neutrophils in the stratum corneum. Xanthomatous cells were present in all cases, but scattered to rare in 24%. Conclusions Consecutive genital VXs reliably exhibited classic histopathological features, although the essential finding of xanthomatous cells may be scarce. Our comparison to meta-analyses of published cases found relatively fewer penile and vulvar examples. Additionally, the median age was older than in published series, which have emphasised syndromic associations.
The effects of heat treatment on the response of WE43 Mg alloy: crystal plasticity finite element simulation and SEM-DIC experiment

Abstract The present work addressed the effects of heat treatment on the mechanical response of a WE43 Mg alloy using an integrated framework of SEM-DIC experiment and CPFE simulation. Both macroscopic responses including yield strength, ultimate strength, ductility, and microscopic responses, including local displacement and strain maps, were experimentally investigated. The focus of this work is to use the CPFE simulation as an integrated computational tool to study the effects of heat treatment. The CPFE framework was evaluated using the local fields of displacement and strain obtained from the SEM-DIC experiment rather than the conventional scheme of using macroscopic responses at different loading directions. Subsequently, the information which is available using CPFE, such as the critical resolved shear stress (CRSS) and relative slip activity, was used to study the effects of heat treatment on the response of WE43 Mg alloy. The contributions of different strengthening mechanisms on the CRSS were addressed. The results show that effects of heat treatment can be captured using the predominant mechanisms of the grain size effect and the influence of precipitates. Finally, it has been shown that classical Hall-Petch in which one constant can capture the size effects, should be modified. To do so, each deformation mode should have a unique Hall-Petch constant, which are calculated here for the WE43 Mg alloy.
Profiles of anemia among school-aged children categorized by body mass index and waist circumference in Shandong, China.

Abstract Background The prevalence of childhood obesity has been increasing worldwide. The connection between iron deficiency and obesity has received much research interest. The present study examined the profiles of anemia among school-aged children categorized by obesity-related index in Shandong, China. Methods A total of 20 172 children aged 7, 9, 12, and 14 years participated in the study, whose hemoglobin (Hb) concentration was measured by laboratory technicians. The prevalence rates of anemia among children within each subgroup categorized by body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were determined. Results On the whole, 3.99% of boys and 6.68% of girls suffer from anemia. Disparities in the prevalence of anemia were observed between different subgroups categorized by BMI, WC and WHtR. For both boys and girls, the prevalence of anemia increased with the severity of thinness and obesity, suggesting that both severe thinness and severe obesity are associated with an elevated prevalence of anemia. Conclusion In the era of the obesity pandemic, obesity could potentially add to the burden of anemia, suggesting that obese children should not be ignored when establishing strategies targeted at preventing anemia.
Other transportation modes

Abstract This chapter looks at the other modes of transportation that are involved in the intermodal supply chain at the origin and destination and enroute.
Insights into the Degradation Mechanism of Nanoporous Alloy-Type Li-Ion Battery Anodes

While nanostructured alloy-type anodes are considered potential high-capacity alternatives to intercalation-type graphite anodes, large volume changes inherent to alloy-type anode cycling result in...
Oxidative Cysteine Modification of Thiol Isomerases in Thrombotic Disease: A Hypothesis.

Significance: Oxidative stress is a characteristic of many systemic diseases associated with thrombosis. Thiol isomerases are a family of oxidoreductases important in protein folding and are exquis...
When and for Whom are Roth Conversions Most Beneficial? A New Set of Guidelines, Cautions and Caveats

Much has changed since penalty-free Roth conversions were inaugurated in 2010. Tax rates have gone up and down. The re-characterization provision went away. Heirs can no longer stretch out inherited Roth accounts over a lifetime. Medicare surcharges were expanded and began to adjust for inflation. The age to begin Required Minimum Distributions was pushed out to age 72 and the IRS changed the RMD divisor tables to further slow the pace of distribution. Given these developments it seemed worthwhile to re-examine the rationale for Roth conversions. That effort exposed multiple flaws in conventional wisdom: • Future tax rates need not be higher for a conversion to pay off; • Nor is it all that helpful to pay the tax on conversion from outside funds; • Nor are Roth conversions especially beneficial for top bracket taxpayers as compared to middle class taxpayers; • Rather, the greatest benefit accrues to taxpayers who can make the conversion partly in the zero percent tax bracket, i.e., during a year with no other taxable income. While the benefits from a Roth conversion are often small and slow to arrive, a Roth conversion will almost always pay off if given enough time, i.e., for life spans that extend past 90 and so long as annual distributions from converted amounts are not taken. Roth conversions work because of compounding, which requires the conversion to be left undisturbed for a long time. The paper elucidates the role played by the mathematics of compounding in underwriting the success of Roth conversions.
Alkylation of poly-substituted aromatics to probe effects of mesopores in hierarchical zeolites with differing frameworks and crystal sizes

This study examines how the inherent diffusion constraints of MFI (3D, pore-limiting diameter (PLD) = 0.45 nm), BEA (3D, PLD = 0.60 nm), and MOR (1D, PLD = 0.65 nm) zeolite architectures, at both nanocrystal (nMFI, nBEA, nMOR; dcrystal 0.5 μm) scales, impact functions of mesopores in their hierarchical analogs. Reactivities, deactivation rates, and product selectivities were compared among zeolites, as well as to a mesoporous aluminosilicate control (Al-MCM-41; PLD = 6.2 nm), during Friedel–Crafts alkylation of 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene (TMB; dvdW = 0.72 nm) with benzyl alcohol (BA; dvdW = 0.58 nm) to form 1,3,5-trimethyl-2-benzylbenzene (TM2B; dvdW = 0.75 nm). Operation in the neat liquid phase ([TMB]0 : [BA]0 = 35 : 1, 393 K) ensured that the parallel BA self-etherification to yield dibenzyl ether (DBE; dvdW = 0.58 nm) occurred only at the expense of TM2B production when the alkylation reaction was impeded due to hindered access of TMB to confined protons. Investigation of secondary TM2B formation from reaction of DBE with TMB at low [BA]/[DBE] indicates an additional route of selectivity control for hierarchical zeolites that can achieve high BA conversion (XBA > 0.9) with no DBE cofeed. These findings highlight a compounding advantage of increased diffusivity in mesopores that alter rates, extend lifetimes, and subsequently permit secondary reactions that enable significant shifts in product distribution. Fundamental insights into hierarchical zeolite reaction–diffusion–deactivation for alkylation of poly-substituted aromatics, as detailed here, can be applied broadly to reactions of other bulky species, including biomass-derived oxygenates, for more atom-efficient chemical and fuel production.
Kant and Theology at the Boundaries of Reason

This book examines the transcendental dimension of Kant's philosophy as a positive resource for theology. Firestone shows that Kant's philosophy establishes three distinct grounds for transcendental theology and then evaluates the form and content of theology that emerges when Christian theologians adopt these grounds. To understand Kant's philosophy as a completed process, Firestone argues, theologians must go beyond the strictures of Kant's critical philosophy proper and consider in its fullness the transcendental significance of what Kant calls 'rational religious faith'. This movement takes us into the promising but highly treacherous waters of Kant's Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason to understand theology at the transcendental bounds of reason.
Transitioning Toward an Internet Culture: An Interorganizational Analysis of Identity Construction from Online Services to Intranets

A great deal of attention has been given to the Internet’s capacity to enable new and multiple presentations of the self—even to become a site for new identity construction. While we do not deny the potential of Internet technologies to transform contemporary social practices and the way we see the world and ourselves, a closer look at the transition from “older” media and technologies to the Internet gives us a better understanding of how electronic discourses are being shaped. In this paper, we examine a few sites of identity, paying particular attention to the practices and technologies that shape presentations and interpellations of individuals, as well as the construction, deconstruction, and reassemblage of collective identities. Using data from two empirical studies, we examine what has shaped the presentations and interpretations of online identities over the past decade. Interestingly, we see that creative uses of older media, like online profiling, have set the stage for common uses of the Internet; and that constrained uses oflnternet technologies, like intranets and extranets, allow corporations and governments to extend control over self-presentations and to more effectively interpellate identities.
Stability in referral systems

We evaluate the effect of referral mechanisms on stability of agent populations using service providers. We consider a pool of service providers whose performance varies inversely with load. An agent's satisfaction with a service provider depends on a private function of the performance of the provider. An agent will ask for a referral from a centralized referral agency if its satisfaction from its current service provider is below its satisfaction threshold. Such an agent chooses one of the referred providers in the next time interval. The referral system reaches stability when all agents are satisfied with their current provider. We evaluate the relative merits of the following decisions by the centralized referral agency: number of service providers returned and the means for choosing those referrals. The performance metric used is the number of time periods to reach stable system configurations. Interesting observations include the advantage of performance proportionate and semi-deterministic schemes over deterministic referral decisions.
Antithrombin Concentrate Use in Children Receiving Unfractionated Heparin for Acute Thrombosis.

Objective To characterize features of antithrombin concentrate (ATC) use in children receiving unfractionated heparin (UFH) therapy for acute thrombosis. Study design All pediatric patients at Texas Children's Hospital who received ATC in the context of UFH therapy for acute thrombosis during February 2011 to May 2013 were analyzed. Results Fifty-one children received ATC during UFH therapy for acute thrombosis. Median age was 3 months (IQR 1 to 18 months). Clinical indications included venous (53%), arterial (37%), venous and arterial (6%), and intracardiac (4%) thrombosis. Median baseline antithrombin (AT) level was 61% and UFH dose was 26 U/kg/h. The median dose of ATC was 49.9 IU/kg (IQR 32.6 to 50.0 IU/kg). Although most patients (86%) did not undergo a change in UFH dose, there was a significant increase in both AT and anti-factor Xa level after the first dose of ATC ( P Conclusions There was a significant change in AT and anti-factor Xa activity level after a single dose of ATC despite little to no change in dose of UFH. ATC appears to facilitate anticoagulation with UFH in some children with acute thrombosis but the degree of response is variable and dependent on factors identified in this study. Bleeding and other theoretical risks must be carefully considered.
Itinerant antiferromagnetism in BaCr 2 As 2 : Experimental characterization and electronic structure calculations

We report single-crystal synthesis, specific-heat and resistivity measurements and electronic structure calculations for ${\text{BaCr}}_{2}{\text{As}}_{2}$. This material is a metal with itinerant antiferromagnetism, similar to the parent phases of Fe-based high-temperature superconductors, but differs in magnetic order. Comparison of bare band-structure density of states and the low-temperature specific heat implies a mass renormalization of $\ensuremath{\sim}2$. ${\text{BaCr}}_{2}{\text{As}}_{2}$ shows stronger transition-metal--pnictogen covalency than the Fe compounds, and in this respect is more similar to ${\text{BaMn}}_{2}{\text{As}}_{2}$. This provides an explanation for the observation that Ni and Co doping is effective in the Fe-based superconductors, but Cr or Mn doping is not.
Reflections of education: A case study of educational technology advertisements

Advertisements directed at instructors in higher education are examined using discourse analysis to understand the values, ideas and ideology which form the underpinnings of media education and educational technology. The patterns of discourse which emerge from the advertisements construct educators as highly technological people with great computer skills who are largely quantitative in their research and teaching interests. The deeper patterns reveal six categories of assumptions about education and technology: (a) educational technology is the agent of learning, (b) successful education is a function of good production values, (c) traditional educational methods are obsolete, (d) geography is the major impediment to education, (e) reification of the figurative language used to describe educational technology, and (f) the technology industry is an educational institution.
Sex precocity and the adrenogenital syndrome.

Summary In summary, the following chart is presented which may help to provide a rapid method of differentiating cases of sex precocity and the adrenogenital syndrome.
Interpretation of “the wave function of the Universe”

Hawking and Hartle interpreted their wave function of the universe as giving the probability for the universe to appear from nothing. However, this is not a correct interpretation, since the normalization presupposes a universe, not nothing. Transition probabilities require a measure on the initial state and a physical result requires a physical initial state.
The Mechanical Properties of Textiles, III

This paper is concerned with the deformation of a number of essentially independent molecules or molecular segments distributed statistically with respect to the distance between the ends of the molecules. They are supposed to be free to assume many configurations (as a result of thermal agitation) except at certain points which are stabilized by chemical forces to form the more or less tightly held (and thus well-defined) ends of the molecules.The problem solved here is as follows: Given an equilibrium distribution as a function of certain parameters, and given the expression for bulk properties in terms of molecular coordinates, what is the form of the tension as a function of the elongation and the various parameters?
The experience of worry in parent–adult child relationships

This study examined the experience of worry in the parent–adult child relationship. A mother, father, and adult son or daughter from 213 families participated (N= 639). Parents and adult children commonly worried about one another and their worry reflected individual characteristics (e.g., neuroticism) and relationship characteristics (e.g., importance of the relationship and ambivalence). In addition, how much adults and their parents worried about one another influenced the other party’s perceptions of relationship quality. Specifically, adults and parents rated their relationships more positively and more negatively when the other party reported worrying about them more and communicating their worries to them more frequently. Findings underscore the importance of including experiences such as worry in research on emotional complexities in the parent–adult child relationship.
Rotator Cuff Tear After Arthroplasty: Holes a Popping

Rotator cuff tears after total shoulder replacement are uncommon. They tend to occur in a bimodal fashion, with subscapularis tears occurring in the first months after the procedure. The more conventional tears involving the supraspinatus and infraspinatus more often occur years after the joint replacement. Disruption of the subscapularis may result in anterior instability of the shoulder and is likely related to the surgical procedure. Virtually all surgical approaches for shoulder replacement involve the anterior approach through this muscle tendon. In the last few years, different methods of handing the subscapularis have been developed with the intent to diminish its subsequent disruption. This work will review different methods of soft-tissue techniques and lesser tuberosity osteotomy approaches. Supraspinatus and infraspinatus tears are rarely disabling and likely represent the known natural history of degenerative cuff tears. Most patients with tears involving these 2 muscles present with weakness, and only few present with significant pain. Historically, repairing these degenerative tears in the postarthroplasty patient has resulted in poor outcomes, and most muscle transfers are inappropriate in this patient population.
Monolithic integration of microlensed resonant photodetectors and vertical cavity lasers

Monolithic integration of high performance microlensed resonant photodetectors and vertical cavity lasers (VCLs) from a single epitaxial growth is presented. The VCLs have sub-200 /spl mu/A threshold currents. Adjacent detectors have the same operating wavelength and responsivities of /spl sim/0.4 A/W with /spl sim/6 nm optical bandwidths.
Alginate production and alg8 gene expression by Azotobacter vinelandii in continuous cultures.

Alginates are polysaccharides that are used as thickening agents, stabilizers, and emulsifiers in various industries. These biopolymers are produced by fermentation with a limited understanding of the processes occurring at the cellular level. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of agitation rate and inlet sucrose concentrations (ISC) on alginate production and the expression of the genes encoding for alginate-lyases (algL) and the catalytic subunit of the alginate polymerase complex (alg8) in chemostat cultures of Azotobacter vinelandii ATCC 9046. Increased alginate production (2.4 g l−1) and a higher specific alginate production rate (0.1 g g−1 h−1) were obtained at an ISC of 15 g l−1. Carbon recovery of about 100% was obtained at an ISC of 10 g l−1, whereas it was close to 50% at higher ISCs, suggesting that cells growing at lower sucrose feed rates utilize the carbon source more efficiently. In each of the steady states evaluated, an increase in algL gene expression was not related to a decrease in alginate molecular weight, whereas an increase in the molecular weight of alginate was linked to higher alg8 gene expression, demonstrating a relationship between the alg8 gene and alginate polymerization in A. vinelandii for the first time. The results obtained provide a possible explanation for changes observed in the molecular weight of alginate synthesized and this knowledge can be used to build a recombinant strain able to overexpress alg8 in order to produce alginates with higher molecular weights.
Analysis of emission databases for regional models

Abstract General procedures for adapting emission inventories to regional models and for studying the impact of differences in inventories on model predictions are outlined. To illustrate the methods, analysis of two inventories which are still being validated is presented. The inventories together satisfy current requirements for the NCAR regional acid deposition model (RADM). These include anthropogenic emissions of SO 2 , sulfate aerosol, NO, NO 2 , NH 3 and volatile organic compounds (VOC) in 10 reactivity classes, from United States and Canadian point and area sources on 80-km grid resolutions, for weekend and weekday seasonally representative days on a diurnal basis during the 1980–1982 period. Application of checking procedures, designed by our group to screen for subtle anomalies not identified at previous stages of quality assurance employed by the inventory developers, resulted in adjustments primarily to VOC emissions. Comparisons of the modified inventories, which provide an indication of uncertainties in emissions due to variations in inventory development procedures, revealed differences in the eastern United States total daily emissions to be at most on the order of 5 % for SO x , and NO x , 20% for VOC and 85% for NH 3 . Studies of the impact of inventory differences on predictions of RADM were conducted for the 22–24 April 1981 period, which was monitored as part of the Oxidation and Scavenging Characteristics of April Rains program. Event total wet sulfate deposition differed by 10% or less while midday O 3 concentrations differed by 1% or less for individual grids over the modeling domain.
Sufficient Dimension Reduction With Missing Predictors

In high-dimensional data analysis, sufficient dimension reduction (SDR) methods are effective in reducing the predictor dimension, while retaining full regression information and imposing no parametric models. However, it is common in high-dimensional data that a subset of predictors may have missing observations. Existing SDR methods resort to the complete-case analysis by removing all the subjects with missingness in any of the predictors under inquiry. Such an approach does not make effective use of the data and is valid only when missingness is independent of both observed and unobserved quantities. In this article, we propose a new class of SDR estimators under a more general missingness mechanism that allows missingness to depend on the observed data. We focus on a widely used SDR method, sliced inverse regression, and propose an augmented inverse probability weighted sliced inverse regression estimator (AIPW–SIR). We show that AIPW–SIR is doubly robust and asymptotically consistent and demonstrate ...
Comparison of analgesic and body temperature responses to intrathecal β-endorphin and D-Ala2-D-Leu5-enkephalin

Abstract The inhibition of tail flick response to radiant heat and body temperature changes after intrathecal administration of β-endorphin (β-EP) and D-Ala 2 -D-Leu 5 -enkephalin (DADL) were studied in rats. Both opioid peptides caused inhibition of tail flick response. On a molar basis, β-EP was 73% as potent as DADL, but the duration of tail flick inhibition of β-EP was much longer than that of DADL. β-EP induced hyperthermia while DADL did not cause any significant change in body temperature. The tail flick inhibition induced by β-EP (1 nmole) was reversed by 2 mg/kg of naloxone, ip; however, the tail flick inhibition induced by DADL (7 nmole) was not reversed by 2 mg/kg and was incompletely reversed by a higher dose of naloxone one (6 mg/kg, ip). These studies demonstrate the existence of naloxone-resistant opioid receptors in the spinal cord which are sensitive to enkephalin. These results indicate that the opioid receptors involved in the production of opioid responses in the spinal cord are different from those in supraspinal brain areas.
Diffusional mass transport of nonadsorbed gases within porous structures: I. Experimentation and correlation

Abstract Counterdiffusion flux and flux ratio have been measured for the argon-helium system in four different, well-characterized porous structures. Pressures from 1 to 14.6 atm and temperatures from 0 ° to 69 °C were employed in the investigation. Care was taken to avoid the effects of extraneous factors in experimental work, and to ensure the absence of transport by surface diffusion. Variation of flux with pressure, temperature, and porosity is discussed with regard to the equations defining diffusion in transition range capillaries.
On the Mean Squared Error of Nonparametric Quantile Estimators under Random Right-Censorship.

For randomly right-censored data, new asymptotic expressions for the mean squared errors of the product-limit quantile estimator and a kernel-type quantile estimator are presented in this paper. From these results a comparison of the two quantile estimators with respect to their mean squared errors is given.
Acupuncture as a Treatment Technique for Aphasia and Cognitive Impairments

Abstract Purpose: In response to the growing interest and use of acupuncture by Americans who are searching for effective treatments of aphasia and cognitive impairments, this paper serves to (a) b...
An approach to the inclusion of transverse shear deformation in finite element plate bending analysis

Abstract An expression for the strain energy of plates, which includes a term for transverse shear deformation and which is expressed in terms of the total transverse displacement and the displacement due to bending alone, is presented. Use of this expression in the construction of finite element representations requires independent descriptions of both these displacements. A triangular plate element is formulated in this manner, using the shape functions of the “discrete-Kirchoff” model. Numerical results for a range of finite element meshes and thickness-to-plate length ratios, for rectangular plates with different support and loading conditions, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Possible methods for improving the resolution of neutron time-of-flight measurements of direct reaction spectra

Abstract The sources of error in direct reaction neutron time-of-flight measurements using a cyclotron beam are investigated and the dispersion matching conditions necessary for obtaining an energy resolution better than the beam resolution are given. An isochronous storage ring for reducing the beam repetition rate without loss of beam current is suggested for the long flight path measurements that are necessary to obtain ΔE / E ≲0.1%.