cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of the 4-Picoline (4-Pic) Complex of 4-Trifluoromethylphenylboronic Acid Catechol Ester (TFCB): The Unusual Co-crystal Structure—5(4-Pic·TFCB)·4-Pic

A novel complex of 4-picoline (4-Pic) with 4-trifluoromethylphenyl catechol boronate (TFCB) has been prepared and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and X-ray diffraction analysis. When crystallized by evaporation from toluene a remarkable co-crystal was formed: 5(4-Pic·TFCB)·4-Pic (monoclinic P21, a = 13.4536(2) A, b = 24.4320(3) A, c = 14.0960(2) A, β = 96.4340(10)°, vol. = 4604.15(11) A3, Z = 2). The likely cause of the co-crystallization is π-stacking between complexed and free 4-Pic. A novel picoline-boronate complex has been prepared and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The solid-state structure of this simple complex reveals a remarkable co-crystal of 5(4-Pic·TFCB)·4-Pic.
Potential Benefits of Computer-Aided Detection for Cancer Identification and Treatment

were not associated with the change in overall cognition compound scores (mean [standard error], -0.003 [0.10]; -0.06 [0.09]; and 0.05 [0.10], respectively; P = .29). The effect of the intervention was further explored by performing stratified analyses by median PP. In the 178 patients with a higher baseline PP (>64.8 mm Hg; ie, increased arterial stiffness), the discontinuation of antihypertensive treatment group did not differ from the continuation group in change in overall cognition compound score (difference, -0.07; 95% CI, −0.37 to 0.24;P = .68). Furthermore, analyses restricted to the discontinuation group (n = 180) showed that tertiles of the change in PP were not related to the change in overall cognition compound score (β = -0.10; 95% CI, −0.26 to 0.07; P = .24). A possible explanation for the absence of any association between PP and cognitive function in the DANTE study Leiden 1 is that persons with serious cardiovascular disease were excluded, resulting in a population with limited arterial stiffness. Also, several studies indicated that chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an independent predictor for cognitive impairment. 3 As estimated glomerular filtration rate was not assessed in the DANTE Study Leiden, 1 it was not possible to perform additional analyses regarding its association with cognitive function. Moreover, patients with CKD were excluded from participation, as discontinuation of antihypertensive treatment may have adverse effects on the progression of CKD. 4 Similarly, in other major trials 5 with cardiovascular interventions, patients with CKD are underrepresented despite the high prevalence of CKD in the general population and the growing need for high-quality evidence within this group.
Giant Magnetoresistance in As-Sputter-Deposited Au/NiFe Multilayer Thin Films

Giant magnetoresistance with low saturation fields (Hs’s) is reported in Au and permalloy (Ni0.82Fe0.18) or Co-doped permalloy multilayer thin films as-deposited on Ta-overcoated Si and glass substrates. A ΔR/R as high as 4.0% with ≈25 Oe Hs was observed at 295 K for the film consisting of 10 layers of 24 A Au/13 A Ni0.82Fe0.18 deposited on a 3 A Ta-overcoated glass at 50 °C. A Hs value as low as ≈20 Oe with a 15% smaller ΔR/R has been observed for the films with a thicker (e.g., 50 A) Ta underlayer. Magnetic hysteresis loops of these films indicate the presence of antiferromagnetic exchange coupling between the Ni0.82Fe0.18 layers. This exchange coupling is much smaller for the multilayer films without the Ta underlayer, resulting in a 6x smaller ΔR/R and lOx larger Hs observed for these films. Results of x-ray diffraction analysis indicate stronger (111) texturing for the multilayer films with a Ta underlayer, consistent with the stronger antiferromagnetic coupling between the the Ni0.82Fe0.18 layers in the film. The addition of 2–10 % Co moderately increases the ΔR/R value, but also increases substantially the Hs (up to ≈200 Oe).
The Functional Responses of Stethorus punctum to Densities of the European Red Mite

The functional response of the predator Stethorus punctum (LeConte) was tested at various densities of the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch). Overwintered S. punctum adult females were tested at a range of densities from 4–30 mites/cage, whereas, the 2nd and 3rd generation larvae, female and male adults were tested at a range of densities from 4–80 mites/cage. Various types of mathematical models were fit to the data, using weighted regression analysis, to estimate the relationship between the number of prey eaten and prey density. Three types of functional response curves were exhibited by the different stages and sexes of S. punctum , a linear response, a negatively accelerated curve and an S-shaped rise to a plateau. Two factors partially responsible for these 3 types may be the different environmental conditions for each test and the replenishment of prey on an hourly basis. S. punctum was found to stop feeding at dusk and to resume ca. 2 h after sunrise. The feeding of S. punctum increased as temperatures rose during the day with a maximum consumption occurring during the warm afternoon hours.
Enhancing Inquiry, Evidence-Based Reflection, and Integrative Learning with the Lifelong ePortfolio Process: The Implementation of Integrative ePortfolios at Stony Brook University

Reflection plays a critical role in moving learning to the next level of inquiry. Stony Brook University has adopted an approach to using ePortfolios within the curriculum that emphasizes reflection. Stony Brook University successfully piloted eportfolios in the Fall 2010 Semester and discovered their use facilitated the inquiry process for the students. Integrative ePortfolios have been used successfully over the past 3 years in colleges and programs such as Writing and Rhetoric, Engineering, Business, Leadership and Service, and Technology Systems Management. Within these programs, the process of inquiry takes center stage as educators embrace learner-centered course delivery and curriculum design in which the student is an active participant in the instruction. The learner-centered educator partners with the students, encouraging them to continue their quest for discovery while building knowledge connections to the next levels of learning. This inquiry process is the foundation for high impact learning...
Propagation and Separation of Charged Colloids by Cylindrical Passivated Gel Electrophoresis

We explore the electrophoretic propagation of charged colloidal objects, monodisperse anionically stabilized polystyrene spheres, in large-pore agarose gels that have been passivated using polyethylene glycol (PEG) when a radial electric field is applied in a cylindrical geometry. By contrast to standard Cartesian gel-electrophoresis geometries, in a cylindrical geometry, charged particles that start at a ring well near the central axis propagate outward more rapidly initially and then slow down as they move further away from the axis. By building a full-ring cylindrical gel electrophoresis chamber and taking movies of scattered light from propagating nanospheres undergoing electrophoresis, we experimentally demonstrate that the ring-like front of monodisperse nanospheres propagates stably in PEG-passivated agarose gels and that the measured ring radius as a function of time agrees with a simple model that incorporates the electric field of a cylindrical geometry. Moreover, we show that this cylindrical geometry offers a potential advantage when performing electrophoretic separations of objects that have widely different sizes: smaller objects can still be retained in a cylindrical gel that has a limited size over long electrophoretic run times required for separating larger objects.
Incremental State Observer in Feed Water Control of Supercritical Press Generating Unit

The export steam quality of separator which directly affected the stabilization of unit is an important parameter to supercritical unit.Therefore,the control of export steam quality becomes a crucial control loop to supercritical unit.In once-through boiler it is to adjust the feed water to control the export steam quality.The dynamic characteristic of once-through boiler is analyzed and a control method toward feed water based on the conception of incremental function observer is proposed,The perfect application in ultra-and supercritical once-through 600 MW unit is obtained by the methed.
Serological Test for the Suspected Cases of Measles in Anshan city during 2005—2007

[Objective] To analyze the results of serological test and epidemiological features of the suspected cases of measles and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of the disease. [Methods]Detection was made with ELISA on the IgM antibody of measles and rubella in the serum samples of the suspected cases of measles and rubella.[Results]Among the 1337 suspected cases, 744 (55.6%) were found positive in the measles IgM antibody, and 39 (2.9%) were found positive in the rubella IgM antibody. [Conclusion]Routine immunization and aggrandized immunization should be continued; the sensitivity and accuracy in the laboratory detection should be improved in order to control the attack of measles.
Semiquantitative measurement of cytokine messenger RNA in endomyocardium and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from human heart transplant recipients.

BACKGROUND Cytokines play a central role in inflammatory responses and in specific immune responses directed toward alloantigens. The pattern and quantity of cytokines produced in graft rejection can yield valuable information regarding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the antigraft response. METHODS We used the polymerase chain reaction to semiquantitatively measure changes in the amount of messenger RNA from the interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-2, interleukin-4, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, and the interleukin-2 receptor genes in the peripheral blood and endomyocardium of cardiac allograft recipients during the first 8 weeks after transplantation. A total of 328 samples of resting (n = 251) and stimulated (n = 77, stimulated with phytohemagglutinin and lipopolysaccharide for 18 hours) peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected from 16 patients were measured. To measure intragraft cytokine levels, we analyzed 150 endomyocardial biopsy specimens from 19 patients. RESULTS No elevation in expression was seen before injection, but, after the onset of rejection and concomitant with treatment, there was a decrease in detectable mRNA (p < 0.05) for the pro-inflammatory monokines interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in resting peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and a decrease for the T-cell derived cytokines interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 in stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These changes in mRNA expression occurred coincidentally with decreases in the percentage of lymphocytes and monocytes in the peripheral blood after administration of rejection therapy. In endomyocardial biopsy specimens, there were no detectable changes in the quantities of cytokine mRNA specimens for the interferon-gamma, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, interleukin-1ra, and interleukin-1 beta genes before rejection. In general, the levels of these cytokines were near the lower limits of detection by our assay in endomyocardial biopsies, mRNA from the interleukin-2, interleukin-4, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-2R genes were undetectable. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that changes in the expression of cytokine mRNA in both peripheral blood mononuclear cells and endomyocardial biopsy specimens as measured by the semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction method used in this study does not effectively predict rejection. The decline in peripheral blood mononuclear cell cytokine mRNA after rejection treatment is likely due to changes in the proportion of lymphocytes and monocytes in the peripheral blood in concert with a steroid-induced downregulation by cytokine gene transcription.
A new function for p53 tetramerization domain in cell fate control

The p53 tumor suppressor plays pivotal roles in normal growth, development, and tumor suppression. A key function of p53 as a transcription factor is to induce target genes involved in cell cycle a...
g J Factor of an Ion: Determination of g J ( He + 4 , 1 S 1 2 2 ) g J ( He 4 , 2 S 1 3 )

A measurement of the ${g}_{J}$ factor of the hydrogenlike ion $^{4}\mathrm{He}^{+}$ in its $1^{2}S_{\frac{1}{2}}$ ground state has been made using an optical pumping technique. This represents the first precision measurement of the ${g}_{J}$ factor of a simple atomic ion. The result is $\frac{{g}_{J}(^{4}\mathrm{He}^{+},1^{2}S_{\frac{1}{2}})}{g({e}^{\ensuremath{-}})}=1\ensuremath{-}70.87(30)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$. This value agrees with theory and provides confirmation of the Breit term $\frac{1}{3}{(Z\ensuremath{\alpha})}^{2}$ to within 0.5%.
Wire Length Characteristics of Multi-Tier Gate-Level Monolithic 3D ICs

Monolithic inter-layer vias (MIVs) used in 3D integration technology are much smaller than through-silicon vias (TSVs) used in TSV-based 3D integration. Thus, monolithic 3D integration provides shorter wire length, better performance, and lower power consumption than TSV-based 3D integration. Multi-tier monolithic 3D integration stacks more than two silicon layers, thereby increasing the device density, which reduces the wire length and power consumption and improves performance further than two-tier monolithic 3D integration. Since the size of an MIV is comparable to that of a local via, the wire lengths of multi-tier gate-level monolithic 3D IC layouts are expected to be close to the ideal wire length reduction ratio, for example, 29, 42, and 50 percent for two-, three-, and four-tier designs, respectively. However, it is still unknown whether it would be possible to achieve the ideal wire length reduction ratios by multi-tier gate-level monolithic 3D integration. In this paper, we propose an efficient routing methodology to design multi-tier monolithic 3D ICs. Using the design methodology, we design two- to eight-tier gate-level monolithic 3D IC layouts and thoroughly investigate the wire length characteristics of the layouts. The simulation results show that the proposed routing methodology reduces the wire length by 12 to 53 percent compared to the 2D designs. In addition, the proposed routing methodology builds multi-tier monolithic 3D IC layouts more efficiently than a state-of-the-art methodology with comparable routed wire length.
IMPS-43IDO1 DOES NOT FUNCTION AS A TRYPTOPHAN CATABOLIC ENZYME IN MALIGNANT GLIOMA

The upregulation of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) in glioblastoma (GBM) is associated with significantly decreased survival in patients. We have previously demonstrated that glioma-derived IDO1 is required for Treg accumulation and immune-evasion of brain tumors in the immunocompetent intracranial GL261 model of GBM. Notably, IDO1-deficient (IDO1-/-) mice bearing GL261 brain tumors have no deficit in tumor-infiltrating Treg levels and an overall survival similar to wild-type (WT; IDO1-competent) mice. Since IDO1 is associated with the catabolic conversion of tryptophan (Trp) into kynurenine (Kyn), combined with recent clinical efforts aimed at inhibiting IDO1, we sought to determine the enzymatic contribution of IDO1 in brain tumors. WT and IDO1-/- mice intracranially-injected IDO1-competent or -deficient GL261 cells were analyzed by HPLC to determine total Trp and Kyn levels in the serum and brain. Indicative of enzymatic activity, naive (non-tumor bearing) WT mice possessed a Kyn/Trp ratio in the serum and brain of 2.44 ± 0.09 and 2.22 ± 0.32, respectively, which was significantly higher than in IDO1-/- mice (0.374 ± 0.09 and 0.834 ± 0.05, respectively) (P < 0.01; n = 5-6/group). Unexpectedly, WT mice bearing 2 week post-intracranially-injected (2wp-ic.) IDO1-competent and -deficient GL261 tumors possessed a brain Kyn/Trp ratio of 2.04 ± 0.05 and 1.88 ± 0.17, respectively, which was not significantly different from one another. In contrast, IDO1-/- mice bearing 2wp-ic. IDO1-competent and -deficient tumors possessed a brain Kyn/Trp ratio of 0.77 ± 0.06 and 0.72 ± 0.03, respectively, which was not different from one another, but significantly decreased when compared to respective tumors from WT mice (P < 0.01; n = 4-7/group). To the best of our knowledge, these novel findings suggest for the first time that, IDO1 does not behave as a tryptophan catabolic enzyme in brain tumor cells. Given the indispensable role of IDO1 in mediating immune-evasion to GBM, we are currently pursuing this mechanism.
Enhanced Spatially Resolved Proteomics Using On-Tissue Hydrogel-Mediated Protein Digestion

The identification of proteins from tissue specimens is a challenging area of biological research. Many current techniques for identification forfeit some level of spatial information during the sample preparation process. Recently, hydrogel technologies have been developed that perform spatially localized protein extraction and digestion prior to downstream proteomic analysis. Regiospecific protein identifications acquired using this approach have thus far been limited to 1–2 mm diameter areas. The need to target smaller populations of cells with this technology necessitates the production of smaller diameter hydrogels. Herein, we demonstrate hydrogel fabrication processes that allow hydrogel applications down to a diameter of ∼260 μm, approximately 1/15 of the area of previous approaches. Parameters such as the percent polyacrylamide used in hydrogel construction as well as the concentration of trypsin with which the hydrogel is loaded are investigated to maximize the number of protein identifications f...
Complications from Surgeries Related to Ovarian Cancer Screening

The aim of this study was to evaluate complications of surgical intervention for participants in the Kentucky Ovarian Cancer Screening Program and compare results to those of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening trial. A retrospective database review included 657 patients who underwent surgery for a positive screen in the Kentucky Ovarian Cancer Screening Program from 1988-2014. Data were abstracted from operative reports, discharge summaries, and office notes for 406 patients. Another 142 patients with incomplete records were interviewed by phone. Complete information was available for 548 patients. Complications were graded using the Clavien-Dindo (C-D) Classification of Surgical Complications and considered minor if assigned Grade I (any deviation from normal course, minor medications) or Grade II (other pharmacological treatment, blood transfusion). C-D Grade III complications (those requiring surgical, endoscopic, or radiologic intervention) and C-D Grade IV complications (those which are life threatening) were considered "major". Statistical analysis was performed using SAS 9.4 software. Complications were documented in 54/548 (10%) subjects. For women with malignancy, 17/90 (19%) had complications compared to 37/458 (8%) with benign pathology (p < 0.003). For non-cancer surgery, obesity was associated with increased complications (p = 0.0028). Fifty patients had minor complications classified as C-D Grade II or less. Three of 4 patients with Grade IV complications had malignancy (p < 0.0004). In the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening trial, 212 women had surgery for ovarian malignancy, and 95 had at least one complication (45%). Of the 1080 women with non-cancer surgery, 163 had at least one complication (15%). Compared to the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening trial, the Kentucky Ovarian Cancer Screening Program had significantly fewer complications from both cancer and non-cancer surgery (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.002, respectively). Complications resulting from surgery performed as a result of the Kentucky Ovarian Cancer Screening Program were infrequent and significantly fewer than reported in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening trial. Complications were mostly minor (93%) and were more common in cancer versus non-cancer surgery.
Dynamics of Affective States During MOOC Learning

We investigate the temporal dynamics of learners’ affective states (e.g., engagement, boredom, confusion, frustration, etc.) during video-based learning sessions in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) in a 22-participant user study. We also show the feasibility of predicting learners’ moment-to-moment affective states via implicit photoplethysmography (PPG) sensing on unmodified smartphones.
A Comparison of Case Law Results between Bloomberg Law's 'Smart Code' Automated Annotated Statutes and Traditional Curated Annotated Codes

Traditional annotated codes provide an edited list of cases, organized by topic, that cite a particular statute. Bloomberg Law has recently implemented “Smart Code,” a computer-generated citator to the United States Code. The computer-generated Smart Code is designed to compete with traditional edited annotated codes in that it uses an automated and algorithmic process to classify the cases that cite a statute into a set of ninety topics. Using legal research examples in a variety of topics of increasing abstraction, results using Smart Code are compared to traditional annotated codes (United States Code Service and United States Code Annotated) as well as to specialized looseleafs (e.g., Standard Federal Tax Reporter).
Towards verifiable metering for database as a service providers

Metering is an important component of cloud database services. We discuss potential problems in verifiability for existing DBaaS metering and initiate a discussion of how we can address this problem.
Genetic Basis of Congenital Heart Disease

Abstract Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect. Despite considerable advances in care, CHD remains a major contributor to newborn mortality and is associated with substantial morbidities and premature death. Genetic abnormalities are a significant cause of CHD; however, identifying precise defects has proven challenging due to genetic heterogeneity, incomplete penetrance, polygenes, and other nongenetic contributions. With advances in genomic technology and the decreased cost of sequencing, copy number variants and de novo mutations have been increasingly identified as a cause of CHD. The patients with identifiable causes of their CHD are much more likely to have associated extra cardiac manifestations, including neurodevelopmental disorders. Clinical genetic testing is increasingly available and able to diagnose these disorders and will likely allow for increasingly accurate neonatal and prenatal diagnosis to guide care.
Alt-Right with the Hindu-right: long-distance nationalism and the perfection of Hindutva

In the 2016 US Presidential election, a small but vocal group of Hindu supporters of Donald Trump drew international media attention in India and the US for their political mobilizing for the Repub...
Do electric vehicles need subsidies? Ownership costs for conventional, hybrid, and electric vehicles in 14 U.S. cities

Abstract Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are an important pathway for decarbonizing transportation and reducing petroleum dependence. Although one barrier to adoption is the higher purchase price, advocates suggest that fuel and maintenance savings can make BEVs economical over time. To assess this empirically, this paper analyzes the five-year Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) for conventional, hybrid, and electric vehicles in 14 U.S. cities from 2011 to 2015. Results show spatial variation due to differences in state and local policies, fuel prices, insurance and maintenance costs, depreciation rates, and vehicle miles traveled. Yet in nearly all cities, the BEV's higher purchase price and rapid depreciation outweighed its fuel savings. Extensive sensitivity analyses highlight the impact of key parameters and show that both federal and state incentives were necessary for BEVs to be cost competitive. Future BEV cost competitiveness may improve if innovation and scaling lead to significantly reduced BEV purchase prices, but our analysis suggests that it will be challenging for BEVs to achieve unsubsidized cost competitiveness except in the most optimistic scenarios.
Efficient Nested Parallelism on Large-Scale Systems

Choosing right threading library is critical for application performance, as different threading libraries provide significantly different performance behavior, especially when dealing with the complex computer systems as Intel Xeon Phi coprocessor and NonUniform Memory Access (NUMA) Intel Xeon processor machines. Unfortunately, choosing the right threading library is not enough, additional application requirements may not be fulfilled by default implementation. In our work, we presented few approaches how to resolve issue of “memory hungry” application on Intel Xeon Phi coprocessor. In addition, the hierarchical arena approach can be used to minimize NUMA related overheads.
Implementation of a research capstone course with expanded flexibility

Abstract Background and purpose A research-focused capstone course was designed to improve flexibility in the way pharmacy students meet the university's capstone requirement. The requirement aims to integrate knowledge, skills, and attitudes from didactic coursework and to apply them in a scholarly way to improve critical and evidence-based thinking, communication skills, and professionalism. This report describes the capstone course and faculty and student perceptions after the first year of implementation. Educational activity and setting The course allows students to work with a faculty advisor on a four-semester hour research project of mutual interest that can be completed in any one of three semesters. After the first student cohort completed their projects, faculty and student perceptions were captured via electronic survey. Findings A total of 38 students (36%) and 22 advisors (71%) responded to the survey. Approximately 90% of students and faculty agreed that student groups had achieved course objectives upon completion. Although faculty members felt that participating in the capstone course increased their workload and in some cases reduced their productivity, faculty members felt that the course had a beneficial impact for students. Summary: The new capstone course was well received. The flexibility of the course was both a strength and a limitation as most students wanted more structure in the expectations and grading of the project in the form of a rubric or other standardized assessments.
On the broadcast domination number of permutation graphs

Abstract Broadcast domination models the idea of covering a network of cities by transmitters of varying powers while minimizing the total cost of the transmitters used to achieve full coverage. To be exact, let G be a connected graph of order at least two with vertex set V ( G ) and edge set E ( G ) . Let d ( x , y ) , e ( v ) , and diam ( G ) , respectively, denote the length of a shortest x − y path in G, the eccentricity of a vertex v in G, and the diameter of G. A function f : V ( G ) → { 0 , 1 , … , diam ( G ) } is called a broadcast if f ( v ) ≤ e ( v ) for each v ∈ V ( G ) . A broadcast f is called a dominating broadcast of G if, for each vertex u ∈ V ( G ) , there exists a vertex v ∈ V ( G ) such that f ( v ) > 0 and d ( u , v ) ≤ f ( v ) . The broadcast domination number, γ b ( G ) , of G is the minimum of ∑ v ∈ V ( G ) f ( v ) over all dominating broadcasts f on G. Let G 1 and G 2 be two disjoint copies of a graph G, and let σ : V ( G 1 ) → V ( G 2 ) be a bijection. Then a permutation graph G σ = ( V , E ) has vertex set V = V ( G 1 ) ∪ V ( G 2 ) and edge set E = E ( G 1 ) ∪ E ( G 2 ) ∪ { u v : v = σ ( u ) } . For a connected graph G of order at least two, we prove the sharp bounds 2 ≤ γ b ( G σ ) ≤ 2 γ b ( G ) ; we give an example showing that there is no function h such that γ b ( G ) h ( γ b ( G σ ) ) for all pairs ( G , σ ) . We characterize G σ satisfying γ b ( G σ ) = 2 , and examine γ b ( G σ ) when G is a cycle, a path, or a complete multipartite graph.
DNA-Nanoscaffold-Assisted Selection of Femtomolar Bivalent Human α-Thrombin Aptamers with Potent Anticoagulant Activity.

Multivalent aptamers that interact with their target proteins through multiple sites exhibit much stronger binding strengths than their monovalent counterparts. In this work, we have designed a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) library (1015 molecules, each 145 nt) based on a predefined DNA nanostructure designed to present two random-loop sites for bivalent aptamer evolution. From this library, a group of ultra-strong bivalent aptamers against human α-thrombin (with apparent KD values of ≈340 fm) were easily identified through a simple seven-round conventional systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) procedure. The dominant bivalent aptamers consist of two components, one binding to exosite I and the other to exosite II. The best of these bivalent aptamers show strong allosteric attenuation of the thrombin cleavage activity and also display an extremely potent anticoagulation effect in human plasma, demonstrating their great potential in therapeutic applications. The method developed here can easily be adapted to conventional SELEX techniques, opening a new route for fast selection of multivalent aptamers with superior binding affinity for other targets.
Examining gender and factors associated with postprogram recidivism in a statewide drug court program

This study examined factors associated with postprogram recidivism for male and female drug court participants. Secondary data, including the drug court participant assessment and Management Inform...
Exploring Cultural Meanings of Adaptive and Maladaptive Behaviors in Children and Adolescents: A Contextual-Developmental Perspective.

In this article, I discuss major theoretical and methodological issues in the study of cultural meanings of children’s behaviors. Research in this area is conducted mainly through assessing individ...
Repel Communities and Multipartite Networks

In graph theory, there are two complementary approaches to grouping nodes using the links for guidance. The first is finding the components; the second is finding multipartite partitions (vertex colorings). In network mining, the technique of community detection can be thought of as a relaxation of component finding. The results are groups that are all tightly connected but with some few connections between the groups. One can also envision a relaxation of multipartite partitions such that the groups have very few connections within the group but most of the links connect nodes in different groups. These groups, called repel communities, are discussed and three new algorithms are introduced to detect them.
Fatal Adverse Events Associated with Pembrolizumab in Cancer Patients: A Meta-Analysis

AbstractBackground: Pembrolizumab as an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) has emerged as an effective treatment for many cancers. It has unique immune-related adverse events (irAE) and little is kn...
Genetic counseling for adults

Abstract As advances are made in genetics, more patients are seeking genetic services and genetic testing. Adult patients may be symptomatic with the onset of symptoms in childhood or adulthood or may be asymptomatic and seen for a positive family history. For some patients, genetic advances have led to a diagnosis and ended the odyssey of referrals and diagnostic tests. For other patients, the availability of genetic testing has made it possible to identify a pathogenic variant and offer cascade screening and predictive genetic testing to at-risk relatives. For some patients, having the options of preconception and prenatal testing has helped inform their decisions about reproduction and pregnancy management. No longer are genetic tests ordered primarily in genetics clinics. The introduction of new genetic tests has extended to many medical specialties and some are part of primary care. There are even some direct-to-consumer genetic tests. While genetic tests may be ordered in different settings, providing a genetic evaluation, including a risk assessment, and genetic counseling is generally done by clinical geneticists, genetic counselors, or specialists with expertise.
Michel Foucault y el hombre de deseo: ‘Las Confesiones de la carne’ y los límites de la ‘Historia de la sexualidad’

espanolBasado en Las Confesiones de la carne, cuarto y ultimo volumen de la Historia de sexualidad de Michel Foucault, este articulo interroga el alcance de la nocion de “hombre de deseo” que Foucault pone el centro de las modificaciones introducidas por El uso de los placeres al proyecto general de la Historia de la sexualidad. El articulo discute la hipotesis de Foucault segun la cual el cristianismo habria forjado una “hermeneutica del deseo” cuyo objetivo es descubrir, a traves del analisis del deseo, la verdad oculta del individuo. A partir de las investigaciones que Las Confesiones de la carne proponen sobre la teoria de la libido de San Agustin y la ascesis de la castidad desarrollada por Casiano, el articulo pone en evidencia los problemas que tal hipotesis supone y analiza su impacto para el proyecto general de la Historia de la sexualidad. EnglishBased on The Confessions of the Flesh, the fourth and last volume of Michel Foucault’s History of Sexuality, this article investigates the notion of “desiring man”. In particular, the article discusses Foucault’s hypothesis on the Christian origin of the “hermeneutics of desire”, which main objective, in Foucault’s view, is to discover the hidden truth of individuals through the analysis of their desire. By focusing on Foucault’s investigation on both Saint Augustine’s theory of libido and Cassian’s asceticism of chastity, the article brings to light the problems that involve Foucault’s aforementioned hypothesis and discusses the impact that such problems have on the overall architecture of the History of sexuality.
Trephine Procedure for Revision Tarsometatarsal Arthrodesis Nonunion

Nonunion of the tarsometatarsal arthrodesis site is a challenging revision surgery. Trephine technique provides an excellent option for revision tarsometatarsal joint arthrodesis. The authors have found the trephine approach to be the procedure of choice in correction of a nonunion. When the trephine approach is indicated, it offers many advantages including minimal soft tissue dissection, quicker joint preparation, and the minimal shortening of the arthrodesis site. This article describes in detail the autologous graft trephine technique for revision surgery of a tarsometatarsal nonunion. Examples of fixation options are also discussed.
Abstract 3342: The colorectal cancer associated microbe Odoribacter splanchnicus produces genotoxic hydrogen sulfide via cysteine metabolism

The proinflammatory and genotoxic properties of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) have been implicated as an environmental trigger of colonic disease. Recent evidence links sulfidogenic bacteria capable of metabolizing organic sulfur substrates, like dietary sulfur amino acids and taurine conjugated bile acids, with increased colorectal cancer (CRC) and colitis risk as a consequence of a “western” type diet. Our previous work demonstrates that the sulfidogenic bacterium, Odoribacter splanchnicus, is a significant indicator of CRC in African Americans who are at higher risk of CRC incidence and death than other races and ethnicities in the United States. This observation has been corroborated by several recent studies that observed O. splanchnicus to be associated with CRC and colitis-induced CRC. While previous work has reported that O. splanchnicus may be sulfidogenic, its method of H2S production has yet to be characterized. Production of H2S by O. splanchnicus was confirmed in vitro using sulfide indole and motility media, and varying sulfur substrates. A predictive metabolic analysis of 74 O. splanchnicus metagenomes taken from publicly available CRC cohorts did not reveal complete pathways commonly associated with H2S production, however genes for a polar amino acid transporter were revealed. Therefore, a genomic analysis was performed revealing that O. splanchnicus harbors the sulfidogenic genes tryptophanase (tnaA) and cystathionine-β-synthase. The enzyme TnaA has been previously shown in Eschericia coli to produce indole or H2S from tryptophan or cysteine, respectively. However, the E. coli amino acid sequence shares only 44.85% identity with that from O. splanchnicus, thus heterologous protein expression of recombinant tnaA was performed to determine enzyme functionality. Enzyme kinetics and pH optimum were obtained using the spectrophotometric BiCl3 assay, which turns black in presence of H2S. Functional analysis of recombinant purified TnaA revealed bifunctionality of the enzyme with positive tryptophanase and cysteine desulfhydrase activity with differing substrates. Cysteine desulfhydrase activity resulted in consumption of L-cysteine with subsequent production of H2S and pyruvate. Thus, TnaA is a functional enzyme that warrants further evaluation as possibly relating to sulfidogenic O. splanchnicus being linked to CRC and colitis-associated CRC. Citation Format: Patricia G. Wolf, Vladimir Kolosslov, Zhichao Zhou, Lindsey Ly, Heidi Doden, Saravanan Devendran, Adam M. Breister, Luke Lucio, Paige Polak, Sarah Matatov, Karthik Anantharaman, Jason M. Ridlon, Rex Gaskins. The colorectal cancer associated microbe Odoribacter splanchnicus produces genotoxic hydrogen sulfide via cysteine metabolism [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 3342.
Early modified primary closure for treatment of cardiac implantable electronic device pocket infections.

BACKGROUND Guidance for wound management of the vacated generator pocket in cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) pocket infections after removal of all hardware and tissue debridement is limited. The typical surgical technique for management of a purulent wound is to allow healing by secondary intention. An alternative approach uses negative pressure wound therapy with or without delayed primary closure. While effective in managing infection, these approaches increase hospital length of stay and costs. We present our experience with a third option: modified early primary wound closure over a suction device. METHODS All patients with CIED pocket infections who presented to our institution between September 2018 and October 2020 underwent extraction of hardware and modified primary wound closure over a negative pressure Jackson-Pratt drain. Length of hospital and postoperative stay, complications, and recurrent infections were recorded. RESULTS During the study period, 14 patients underwent modified primary wound closure for CIED pocket infections. Mean length of hospital stay was 6.64 days ± 4.01 days (standard deviation [SD]). Mean postoperative length of stay was 3.92 ± 2.21 days (SD). Two patients (both on intravenous heparin for mechanical valve prostheses) required re-exploration for bleeding. No patients developed recurrent infection at a mean follow up of 363 ± 245 days (SD). CONCLUSION Based on our experience, early modified primary wound closure for CIED pocket infections appears to be safe and allows for prompt discharge with no observed re-infections.
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

The patient is a 52-year-old female with a past medical history of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) type I (L-1, L-2, L-3) who is scheduled for left needle localization lumpectomy for a breast mass of unknown type. Her preoperative ultrasound and mammogram were not consistent with tumor or cyst. The suspicion was that this mass represents a retained foreign body from prior port-a-cath removal. Her CRPS began in 1994 after a left thumb sprain (L-3) but is now present in all four extremities but worst in left upper extremity. Additional past medical history includes severe pain flairs with prior surgery (L-5), which have all required inpatient admission, depression, cervical epidural abscess, and subsequent decompression.
Review of Mathematical Principles

Practical problems require good math. – R. Chellappa Introduction This chapter is a review of several of the topics that are prerequisite for use of this book as a text. The student should have had an undergraduate calculus experience equivalent to about three semesters and some exposure to differential equations and partial differential equations. The student should have coursework containing concepts from probability and statistics, including prior probabilities, conditional probability, Bayes’ rule, and expectations. Finally, and very important, the student should have strong undergraduate-level training in linear algebra. This chapter reviews and refreshes many of the concepts in those courses, but only as a review, not as a presentation of totally new material. • (Section 3.2) We briefly review important concepts in linear algebra, including various vector and matrix operations, the derivative operators, eigendecomposition, and its relationship to singular value decomposition. • (Section 3.3) Since almost all Computer Vision topics can be formulated as minimization problems, in this section, we briefly introduce function minimization, and discuss gradient descent and simulated annealing, the two minimization techniques that can lead to local and global minima, respectively. • (Section 3.4) In Computer Vision, we are often interested in the probability of certain measurement occurring. In this section, we briefly review concepts like probability density functions and probability distribution functions. A Brief Review of Linear Algebra In this section, we very briefly review vector and matrix operations. Generally, we denote vectors in boldface lowercase, scalars in lowercase italic Roman, and matrices in uppercase Roman. Vectors Vectors are always considered to be column vectors. If we need to write one horizontally for the purpose of saving space in a document, we use transpose notation. For example, we denote a vector that consists of three scalar elements as: The Inner Product The inner product of two vectors is a scalar, c = x T y . Its value is the sum of products of the corresponding elements of the two vectors: You will also sometimes see the notation x , y > used for inner product. We do not like this because it looks like an expected value of a random variable. One sometimes also sees the “dot product” notation x · y for inner product.
Demonstrating Attachment-Based Family Therapy for Transgender and Gender Diverse Youth with Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior: A Case Study.

Suicide is a growing public health issue among adolescents. While the majority of transgender and gender diverse (TGD) youth are healthy, many experience suicidal thoughts and behavior (STB). Due to discrimination and stigma, TGD youth attempt suicide at higher rates then heterosexual, cisgender and even cisgender, LGBQ youth. Despite this vulnerability to suicide, few treatments have been developed and tested for this population. One treatment, attachment-based family therapy (ABFT) has been adapted to work with LGBQ youth and may be promising for TGD adolescents at risk for suicide. This article provides an overview of our ABFT modifications for TGD youth with thoughts of suicide. Specifically, we illustrate how treatment outcomes, in a single case study, relate to processes within clinical treatment tasks. The case study demonstrates the application of these ABFT modifications with a self-identified, gender nonconforming adolescent (who had recently attempted suicide) and his caregivers. Treatment evaluation measures were collected over the course of 24 weeks to illustrate the youth's clinical progress. The youth's suicidal symptoms diminished markedly by the end of treatment. Further, the family reported an increased ability for problem solving and more open communication by treatment conclusion.
A prospective examination of COVID-19-related social distancing practices on suicidal ideation.

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has spurred the implementation of several public safety measures to contain virus spread, most notably socially distancing policies. Prior research has linked similar public safety measures (i.e., quarantine) with suicide risk, in addition to supporting the role of social connection in suicidal thoughts and behaviors; consequently, there is a need to better understand the relationship between widespread social distancing policies and suicide risk. The current study aimed to examine the prospective association between COVID-19-related social distancing practices and suicidal ideation. Methods Participants (N = 472) completed measures of suicidal ideation and impacts of social distancing practices at baseline and two weeks later. Results After controlling for general psychosocial distress (i.e., depression, social connectedness), cross-lagged regression models identified prospective, bidirectional relationships between perceived impacts of social distancing on one's mental health and both passive and active suicidal ideation. The impact of social distancing on work/social routine was not associated with suicidal ideation. Conclusions Overall, findings suggest the importance of an individual's perception regarding the effect of social distancing on their mental health, rather than the disruption to work or social routine, in suicide risk. Findings highlight potential targets for suicide risk prevention and intervention.
An acetyl-click screening platform identifies a small molecule inhibitor of Histone Acetyltransferase 1 (HAT1) with anti-tumor activity

HAT1 is a central regulator of chromatin synthesis that acetylates nascent histone H3:H4 tetramers in the cytoplasm. It may have a role in cancer metabolism by linking cytoplasmic production of acetyl-CoA to nuclear acetyl flux. This is because the HAT1 di-acetylation mark is not propagated in chromatin and instead is de-acetylated after nascent histone insertion into chromatin. Thus, HAT1 likely provides a nuclear source of free acetate that may be recycled to acetyl-CoA for nuclear acetylation reactions. Correspondingly, suppression of HAT1 protein expression impairs tumor growth. To ascertain whether targeting HAT1 is a viable anti-cancer treatment strategy we sought to identify small molecule inhibitors of HAT1. We developed a high-throughput HAT1 acetyl-click assay to facilitate drug discovery and enzymology. Screening of small molecules computationally predicted to bind the active site led to the discovery of multiple riboflavin analogs that inhibited HAT1 enzymatic activity by competing with acetyl-CoA binding. These hits were refined by synthesis and testing over 70 analogs, which yielded structure-activity relationships. The isoalloxazine core was required for enzymatic inhibition, whereas modifications of the ribityl sidechain improved enzymatic potency and cellular growth suppression. These efforts resulted in a lead compound (JG-2016) that suppressed growth of human cancer cells lines in vitro and impaired tumor growth in vivo. This is the first report of a small molecule inhibitor of the HAT1 enzyme complex and represents a step towards targeting this pathway for cancer therapy.
Perioperative Implications of the 2020 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Focused Review

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a complex disease with significant implications for patients and the physicians called upon to care for them during the perioperative period. In this article, the 2020 American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology clinical practice guidelines for the evaluation and management of pediatric and adult patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are reviewed, with a particular focus on perioperative considerations for the anesthesiologist.