cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Executive Function, Self-Regulated Learning, and Reading Comprehension: A Training Study

The goal of this study was to evaluate the extent to which training that emphasizes the process of executive function (EF) and self-regulated learning (SRL) would result in increased reading comprehension; we also evaluated interrelationships of EF, SRL, and reading. We report an experiment ( N = 75 fourth graders) that contrasted two researcher-implemented conditions (text-based reading [TB] and text-based reading plus executive function [TB+EF]) to a control. We also evaluated relationships among measures of SRL, EF, and reading. Both the TB and TB+EF groups outperformed the control group for proximal text comprehension (where the topic was similar to that covered in training) and background knowledge related to it, but the two researcher-led groups performed similarly. There were no significant differences for less proximal text, and again similar performance for both TB and TB+EF. Correlations among measures were weak in general, although the pattern was similar to that found in the extant literature. The findings speak to the difficulty in separating these components from those of strong instruction more generally. The relationships of these constructs to reading comprehension will likely be enhanced by more sensitive measurement of EF and reading comprehension, particularly where tied to active treatment components.
The Reciprocating Air Compressor Malfunction Vibrating Diagnosis(Cound.)

Vibration is one of the mark malfunctions of reciprocating air compressors.Analyzing the malfunctions occurred frequently with vibration analyzer the malfunction rate of the equipment can be reduced effectively the condition detection and pre-maintenance can be realized.
WiFi-based Optimized Scheme for Broadband Train-ground Internetworking

An optimized scheme is studied for WiFi application in broadband train-ground internetworking.WiFi used not to be aimed at mobile applications in design.The 802.11a system model for mobile access is built up,and its performance in different multi-path propagation,and at different moving speeds and different signal-to-noise rates is analyzed.The influence of different frame durations and different transmitting bit rates on 802.11a system performance is studied with different system configurations.Simulation results show as follows: 802.11a can be utilized in a limited mobile scenario,but the channel estimation period should be less than its coherent time;the transmitting bit rates of 6,12 and 24 Mbit/s are more suitable for mobile access;the TGI@11a scheme proposed for WiFi based broadband train-ground internetworking decreases the bit error rate from higher than 5‰ to lower than 0.4‰ and increases the effective maximum transmitting bit rate from 6 Mbit/s to 20 Mbit/s.
Grinding Wheel Micro-design—Abrasive Layer and Wear

Micro-design of grinding wheels, i.e. structure and composition of the abrasive layer, follows from the tool components and manufacturing processes as described in the preceding chapters and affects tool performance significantly.
A Software Platform for Fast Development of Medical Image Processing Modules

The complexity of general-purpose graphics libraries, such as X Windows system, usually takes considerable amount of time for medical image processing scientists and programmers to master. Even after having obtained certain degree of proficiency in the use of these graphics libraries, medical scientists still often face certain difficulties, such as software modularity and extensibility in graphics programming environments; sharing of image data, which come from multiple image data sources and are shared among multiple processing modules. In this paper, we describe a solution to these problems, both in design and implmentation issues.
AARTI: Australian Art Index

The Australian Art Index, AARTI, is one of a group of data bases within the Ausinet network which will, between them, cover contemporary Australian art and architecture on a national basis. National coverage is possible because of the small size of the Australian population, the existence of people prepared to take on the task with managements to back them and the availability of a network with the flexibility to take data in a wide range of formats. AARTI contains records of four types: monographs, journal articles, exhibitions and artists’ profiles. By April 1985 it contained some 9,500 records available online with a microfiche alternative for non-Ausinet members.
The Highest Good

Adam is unwilling to live without Eve, and would rather disobey God than lose her. She is his highest good. This chapter studies the idea of the highest good, and contrasts the beatific vision with the knowledge of God as the good.
Matrix-Factorization-Based Dimensionality Reduction in the Predictive Modeling Process: A Design Science Perspective

Dimensionality Reduction (DR) is frequently employed in the predictive modeling process with the goal of improving the generalization performance of models. This paper takes a design science perspective on DR.We treat it as an important business analytics artifact and investigate its utility in the context of binary classification, with the goal of understanding its proper use and thus improving predictive modeling research and practice. Despite DR's popularity, we show that many published studies fail to undertake the necessary comparison to establish that it actually improves performance. We then conduct an experimental comparison between binary classification with and without matrix-factorization-based DR as a preprocessing step on the features. In particular, we investigate DR in the context of supervised complexity control. These experiments utilize three classifiers and three matrix-factorization based DR techniques, and measure performance on a total of 26 classification tasks. We find that DR is generally not beneficial for binary classification. Specifically, the more difficult the problem, the more DR is able to improve performance (but it diminishes easier problems' performance). However, this relationship depends on complexity control: DR's benefit is actually eliminated completely when state-of-the-art methods are used for complexity control. The wide variety of experimental conditions allows us to dig more deeply into when and why the different forms of complexity control are useful. We find that L2-regularized logistic regression models trained on the original feature set have the best performance in general. The relative benefit provided by DR is increased when using a classifier that incorporates feature selection; unfortunately, the performance of these models, even with DR, is lower in general. We compare three matrix-factorization-based DR algorithms and nd that none does better than using the full feature set, but of the three, SVD has the best performance. The results in this paper should be broadly useful for researchers and industry practitioners who work in applied data science. In particular, they emphasize the design science principle that adding design elements to the predictive modeling process should be done with attention to whether they add value.
Compact UWB-MIMO antenna with band-rejection in WLAN

A compact multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO)/ diversity ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with planar structure is presented in this paper. It comprises of two modified rectangular slot antennas excited by microstrip transmission lines. An inverted U-shaped slot is inserted in the feeding transmission line to create a band-rejection at WLAN band (5.15–5.825 GHz). The mutual coupling between the two antenna elements is decreased by introducing T-shaped slot and a rectangular slot between them. The rectangular slot reduces the coupling at lower frequencies i.e. 3–5 GHz while T-shaped slot maintains good isolation at higher frequencies i.e. 5–10.6 GHz. The proposed antenna has a bandwidth of 7.5 GHz and operates at 3.1–10.6 GHz. It occupies a space of 22 × 26 mm2 and achieves minimum isolation of 20 dB between its antenna elements over the whole operating band. The small size, good isolation and stable radiation patterns of the proposed antenna make it suitable candidate for UWB diversity applications.
Peritoneal Insufflation Facilitates CT-Guided Percutaneous Jejunostomy Replacement.

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this report was to examine whether peritoneal insufflation can facilitate CT-guided percutaneous jejunostomy replacement. CONCLUSION. Peritoneal insufflation allowed clear differentiation of the adherent jejunum from adjacent bowel, permitting confident direct puncture into the adherent jejunum without the need for jejunopexy anchors.
Aging and the Social Sciences: Progress and Prospects

The purpose of this is to highlight recent advances in social science research on aging and identify high priority topics for future research. It is organized into four sections. The first section reviews theoretical and conceptual developments in the field; the second provides an update of advances in data, methods, and statistical techniques that have become central in aging research. The third and longest section reviews three thematic topics that have emerged as cutting-edge issues in social research on aging and the life course. In the concluding section, we briefly comment upon the broader issue of how aging research contributes to major issues and assumptions in the social sciences.
Using the missed opportunity tool as an application of the Lives Saved Tool (LiST) for intervention prioritization

The Missed Opportunity tool was developed as an application in the Lives Saved Tool (LiST) to allow users to quickly compare the relative impact of interventions. Global Financing Facility (GFF) investment cases have been identified as a potential application of the Missed Opportunity analyses in Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Ethiopia, Kenya, and Tanzania, to use ‘lives saved’ as a normative factor to set priorities. The Missed Opportunity analysis draws on data and methods in LiST to project maternal, stillbirth, and child deaths averted based on changes in interventions’ coverage. Coverage of each individual intervention in LiST was automated to be scaled up from current coverage to 90% in the next year, to simulate a scenario where almost every mother and child receive proven interventions that they need. The main outcome of the Missed Opportunity analysis is deaths averted due to each intervention. When reducing unmet need for contraception is included in the analysis, it ranks as the top missed opportunity across the four countries. When it is not included in the analysis, top interventions with the most total deaths averted are hospital-based interventions such as labor and delivery management in the CEmOC and BEmOC level, and full treatment and supportive care for premature babies, and for sepsis/pneumonia. The Missed Opportunity tool can be used to provide a quick, first look at missed opportunities in a country or geographic region, and help identify interventions for prioritization. While it is a useful advocate for evidence-based priority setting, decision makers need to consider other factors that influence decision making, and also discuss how to implement, deliver, and sustain programs to achieve high coverage.
Language and Alienation

The claim I will examine here is that the capacity to participate in the speech community, constituted first as the family, then as the school, and finally as the larger culture, is the outcome of a social process. Language learning is the by-product of entering and altering the ensemble of social relations. If we are to treat the development of language activity—and in particular language knowledge—as the product of the social and historical context, we must swim upstream against the dominant views of contemporary psychology and contemporary psycholinguistics (cf. Dittmar, this volume).
Evolution of Ventricular Myocyte Electrophysiology

The relative importance of regulatory versus structural evolution for the evolution of different biological systems is a subject of controversy. The primacy of regulatory evolution in the diversification of morphological traits has been promoted by many evolutionary developmental biologists. For physiological traits, however, the role of regulatory evolution has received less attention or has been considered to be relatively unimportant. To address this issue for electrophysiological systems, the importance of regulatory and structural evolution in the evolution of the electrophysiological function of cardiac myocytes was examined in mammals. In particular, two related phenomena were studied: the change in action potential morphology in small mammals and the scaling of action potential duration across mammalian phylogeny. In general, the functional properties of the ion channels involved in ventricular action potential repolarization were found to be relatively invariant. In contrast, there were large changes in the expression levels of multiple ion channel and transporter genes. For the Kv2.1 and Kv4.2 potassium channel genes, which are primary determinants of the action potential morphology in small mammals, the functional properties of the proximal promoter regions were found to vary in concordance with species dependent differences in mRNA expression, suggesting that evolution of cis-regulatory elements is the primary determinant of this trait. Scaling of action potential duration was found to be a complex phenomena, involving changes in the expression of a large number of channels and transporters. In this case, it is concluded that regulatory evolution is the predominant mechanism by which the scaling is achieved.
Agent Intellect and Primal Sensibility In Husserl

This paper is in many ways a conversation with Iso Kern about his profound meditations and monumental research on Husserl’s theory of intellect. For the purpose of this conference it centers on several references to the Aristotelian-Scholastic term, agent intellect, which we find in Ideas II. These rich texts, however, have parallels elsewhere in other working papers of Husserl, both published and unpublished.1 In this particular case we have the special problem of deciding why Husserl “out of the blue, ” as it were, employs this Aristotelian term in a context which resonates with issues which are specifically Kantian and Husserlian. I will propose that whereas the Kantian problematic is central there are indeed aspects of the Aristotelian theory in Husserl’s thought and the use of the Aristotelian terms in these contexts is quite appropriate. Whereas Husserl would seem to share in the nineteenth century critique of a“faculty psychology” and thus of certain versions of “intellect, ” “agent and passive intellect, ” etc. in favor of an empiricist and associationist account of the genesis of the various functions and achievements of mind, the wondrous achievements of passive synthesis as well as the relatively distinctive achievements of the I or center of acts occasion meditations which are reminiscent of ancient themes in the Aristotelian and Neo-Platonic tradition.
Linear Circuit Equations from Maxwell’s Equations

In an elementary circuit with inductance, resistance, capacitance and applied voltage in series as shown in Figure 37 the Kirchhoff circuit equation is $$L\ddot I + R\dot I + \frac{I}{C} = \frac{{d{E^e}}}{{dt}},$$ (14.1.1) $$L\dot I + RI + \frac{Q}{C} = {E^e},$$ (14.1.2) where Ee is the applied electromotive force or EMF, I is the current, Q is the charge on the capacitor plates, C is the capacitance, L is the inductance and R is the resistance. For two or more circuits inductively coupled the equations are $${L_{11}}{\dot I^1} + {L_{12}}{\dot I^2} + {R^1}{I^1} + \frac{{{Q^1}}}{{{C_1}}} = {E^1},$$ (14.1.3) $${L_{12}}{I^1} + {L_{22}}{I^2} + {R_2}{I^2} + \frac{{{Q^2}}}{{{C_2}}} = {E^2},$$ (14.1.4) where L12 is the mutual inductance and L11 and L22 are the self inductances. The question naturally arises as to just what is the relation of these equations to the more general Maxwell electromagnetic field equations which must govern the circuit behavior.
Nomenclature and Differential Diagnosis

Chronic facial pain that requires medical attention may be observed in 38.7/100,000 people per year. Diverse disciplines are involved in its treatment: pain medicine, neurology, neurosurgery, otolaryngology, ophthalmology, dentistry, and maxillofacial surgery. Unfortunately, it appears this diversity of care providers negatively affects the facial pain terminology. Both rare/unclassified or invalid facial pain conditions and well-established but improperly assigned terms like trigeminal neuralgia are used in the literature and in clinical practice. Clear definition of distinct features of the facial pain disorders may help in early establishment of the right diagnosis. If these disorders are left uncategorized, it becomes difficult to properly analyze scientific data and impossible to create much needed clinical evidence. In this chapter, we review and summarize the nomenclature of commonly used classifications based on relevant literature, with main goal of facilitation of simple and reliable differential diagnosis of facial pain.
Delineation of early Jurassic aged sand dunes and paleo-wind direction in southwestern Wyoming using seismic attributes, inversion, and petrophysical modeling

Abstract Moxa Arch is a potential site for carbon sequestration in the state of Wyoming, recognized by the US Department of Energy. In this paper, we primarily focus on improving our understanding of the geology, including lithofacies and depositional environment, of Nugget Sandstone-a potential carbon storage reservoir, by integrating results from three different techniques including seismic attributes, seismic inversion, and petrophysical modeling. The Nugget Sandstone formation is primarily an eolian sandstone, deposited in the early Jurassic and is present throughout southwestern Wyoming. Seismic attribute analysis indicates the presence of NW-SE trending elongated geological features in the Nugget Sandstone interval. Based on our seismic and well log analyses, we interpret these features to be eolian sand dunes, which is consistent with the previous publications indicating a general NE-SW paleo-wind direction at the time of the deposition of Nugget Sandstone and other equivalent formations in Wyoming and Utah. The petrophysical analysis indicates that the Nugget Formation is mostly composed of quartz; however, clay and evaporites such as anhydrite and halite are also present. The acoustic impedance, derived from well logs, indicates that high porosity dunal sandstones correspond to low impedance values whereas interdunal evaporites are characterized by high impedance values. Combined analysis of seismic attribute coherence and inverted P-impedance discriminates the dunal and interdunal deposits in 3D seismic data volume; the low coherence defines the extent of low impedance dunal deposits. Detailed analysis of the curvature attribute from the seismic data indicates a dominant paleo-wind direction of approximately N225°.
Distinct Activities of Gli1 and Gli2 in the Absence of Ift88 and the Primary Cilia

The primary cilia play essential roles in Hh-dependent Gli2 activation and Gli3 proteolytic processing in mammals. However, the roles of the cilia in Gli1 activation remain unresolved due to the loss of Gli1 transcription in cilia mutant embryos, and the inability to address this question by overexpression in cultured cells. Here, we address the roles of the cilia in Gli1 activation by expressing Gli1 from the Gli2 locus in mouse embryos. We find that the maximal activation of Gli1 depends on the cilia, but partial activation of Gli1 by Smo-mediated Hh signaling exists in the absence of the cilia. Combined with reduced Gli3 repressors, this partial activation of Gli1 leads to dorsal expansion of V3 interneuron and motor neuron domains in the absence of the cilia. Moreover, expressing Gli1 from the Gli2 locus in the presence of reduced Sufu has no recognizable impact on neural tube patterning, suggesting an imbalance between the dosages of Gli and Sufu does not explain the extra Gli1 activity. Finally, a non-ciliary Gli2 variant present at a higher level than Gli1 when expressed from the Gli2 locus fails to activate Hh pathway ectopically in the absence of the cilia, suggesting that increased protein level is unlikely the major factor underlying the ectopic activation of Hh signaling by Gli1 in the absence of the cilia.
Droplet sample introduction to microchip gel and zone electrophoresis for rapid analysis of protein-protein complexes and enzymatic reactions.

Electrophoresis has demonstrated utility as tool for screening of small molecule modulators of protein-protein interactions and enzyme targets. Screening of large chemical libraries requires high-throughput separations. Such fast separation can be accessed by microchip electrophoresis. Here, microchip gel electrophoresis separations of proteins are achieved in 2.6 s with 1200 V/cm and 3-mm separation lengths. However, such fast separations can still suffer from limited overall throughput from sample introduction constraints. Automated introduction of microfluidic droplets has been demonstrated to overcome this limitation. Most devices for coupling microfluidic droplets to microchip electrophoresis are only compatible with free-solution separations. Here, we present a device that is compatible with coupling droplets to gel and free-solution electrophoresis. In this device, automated sample introduction is based on a novel mechanism of carrier phase separation using the difference in density of the carrier phase and the running buffer. This device is demonstrated for microchip gel electrophoresis and free-solution electrophoresis separations of protein-protein interaction and enzyme samples, respectively. Throughputs of about 10 s per sample are achieved and over 1000 separations are demonstrated without reconditioning of the device.
Virtual Inertia Control of Inductive Electric Charging System Using a Power Transfer Controller

A power-frequency model of synchronous machines is employed to design a virtual inertial controller for implementation of an inductive electric charging system. The proposed control strategies are twofold; an outer control loop used to generate power reference based on frequency fluctuation in a real time manner, and a multi-power-level control tuned based on the power reference used as an inner control to change the number of quantum energy-injection pulses applied to the inductive charging system. This can help accelerate the power oscillation damping. Simulation results show the improved virtual inertial response with the developed inductive EV charging system.
Approximate Latent Factor Algorithm for Scenario Selection and Weighting in Transmission Expansion Planning

One major difficulty in transmission expansion planning is selecting the representative scenarios to use to evaluate candidate transmission networks. The variability in demand and renewable generation makes the inclusion of several scenarios critical when calculating reliability and cost, but including too many scenarios in an optimization is computationally intractable. To reduce the number of representative operating conditions needed to obtain an accurate approximation of the system, we propose a method rooted in multivariate statistics that exploits the latent correlative structure between different scenarios and network configurations. The proposed algorithm includes an objective and rigorous way to select a subset of scenarios that provide as much information about the system as possible, and a method to accurately approximate the system cost from that scenario subset. The result is a set of scenarios and weights that are easily incorporated into traditional transmission expansion planning formulations. We apply this to a 312-bus WECC model with 8,736 distinct operating conditions. The transmission plans found with the proposed method are more reliable and have a lower total cost than those from other scenario reduction techniques, as well as a smaller error between the expected system performance from the optimization objective and the actual system performance.
Patient-specific reconstruction of volumetric computed tomography images from a single projection view via deep learning

Tomographic imaging using penetrating waves generates cross-sectional views of the internal anatomy of a living subject. For artefact-free volumetric imaging, projection views from a large number of angular positions are required. Here we show that a deep-learning model trained to map projection radiographs of a patient to the corresponding 3D anatomy can subsequently generate volumetric tomographic X-ray images of the patient from a single projection view. We demonstrate the feasibility of the approach with upper-abdomen, lung, and head-and-neck computed tomography scans from three patients. Volumetric reconstruction via deep learning could be useful in image-guided interventional procedures such as radiation therapy and needle biopsy, and might help simplify the hardware of tomographic imaging systems.
Do Violence Acceptance and Bystander Actions Explain the Effects of Green Dot on Reducing Violence Perpetration in High Schools

This study extends prior analyses from a 5-year multisite cluster-randomized controlled trial to examine how the previously reported effects of the Green Dot bystander-based prevention program worked to reduce violence perpetration. Bystander-based interventions are hypothesized to prevent violence by reducing violence acceptance and increasing trained participants' willingness and ability to actively engage others in violence prevention using safe and effective bystander actions to diffuse or avoid potentially violent situations. We tested this hypothesis by examining whether Green Dot worked to reduce violence through two mediators measured over time: reducing violence acceptance and increasing bystander actions. When accounting for changes in these mediators over time, the effect of this intervention on violence perpetration was hypothesized to be attenuated or explained. At baseline (spring 2010) and annually (2011-2014), all students in recruited high schools (13 intervention, 13 control) completed an anonymous survey (response rate = 83.9%). Student responses were aggregated as school-level counts for the analysis. Path analyses estimated direct and indirect effects at specific points in the implementation of the intervention. Longitudinal models were used to determine if changes in violence acceptance and bystander actions could explain or attenuate the effect of the intervention. Time-framed path model analyses indicated that the intervention worked as expected to increase bystander behaviors and reduce violence acceptance; both potential mediators were significantly associated with sexual violence perpetration. In addition, after adjusting intent-to-treat models for the hypothesized mediators, the intervention was no longer associated with violence perpetration. In conclusion, these findings indicate that this bystander intervention worked as hypothesized to reduce sexual violence perpetration by creating theory-based changes in students' violence acceptance and bystander actions.
Kinetics of pH-dependent interactions between PD-1 and PD-L1 immune checkpoint proteins from molecular dynamics.

Immune checkpoint blockade of signaling pathways such as PD-1/PD-L1 has recently opened up a new avenue for highly efficient immunotherapeutic strategies to treat cancer. Since tumor microenvironments are characterized by lower pH (5.5-7.0), pH-dependent protein-ligand interactions can be exploited as efficient means to regulate drug affinity and specificity for a variety of malignancies. In this article, we investigate the mechanism and kinetics of pH-dependent binding and unbinding processes for the PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint pair employing classical molecular dynamics simulations. Two representative pH levels corresponding to circumneutral physiological conditions of blood (pH 7.4) and acidic tumor microenvironment (pH 5.5) are considered. Our calculations demonstrate that pH plays a key role in protein-ligand interactions with small pH changes leading to several orders of magnitude increase in binding affinity. By identifying the binding pocket in the PD-1/PD-L1 complex, we show a pivotal role of the His68 protonation state of PD-1in the complex stabilization at low pH. The results on the reaction rate constants are in qualitative agreement with available experimental data. The obtained molecular details are important for further engineering of binding/unbinding kinetics to formulate more efficient immune checkpoint blockade strategies.
A Pedagogical Rationale for the Law Professor as Moot Court Coach

This article recounts lessons learned and wisdom gained from nearly two decades of experience coaching moot court competition teams in the annual National Environmental Law Moot Court Competition at Pace Law School in White Plains, New York. The field of experiential education is already the beneficiary of previously published personal narratives on the substantial value moot court competition contributes to legal education. Much of the existing literature in this field, however, seeks to convince law students of the important educational value participation in moot court provides. This article, on the other hand, seeks to persuade full time law faculty that coaching moot court competition teams is a wonderfully rewarding teaching experience and an extremely valuable use of a professor’s pedagogical talent, effort, and time. My two decades of experience has convinced me that coaching moot court teams can be the most impactful teaching in which a law professor can engage and an exceptionally beneficial personal investment in a professor’s development as a classroom teacher and legal scholar.
Commentary on Facing Structural Racism in Emergency Medicine.

A large body of research affirms the fact that there are racial disparities in healthcare. Overall, literature shows that Black men and women suffer higher rates of death and lower life expectancy at birth than people who self-identify as White.1 A significant portion of the disparity in health status relates to social disadvantage caused by the legacy of discrimination and racism. For example, compared to White people, Black people have dramatically lower levels of wealth to shield them against financial uncertainties, and this inequity impacts health across the life course.
The temporal relationship between juvenile idiopathic arthritis disease activity and uveitis activity.

OBJECTIVE To determine whether there is a temporal association between arthritis and uveitis activity among children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis (JIA-U). METHODS Uveitis and arthritis data from JIA-U patients ≤21 years were collected from 7/2013-12/2019 at a tertiary care center. Arthritis activity was assessed at each rheumatology visit, and the primary outcome was the presence of active uveitis at ophthalmologic exams within 45 days of the rheumatology visit. Repeated measures logistic regression was used to evaluate the temporal association between any uveitis activity within 45 days of arthritis activity. Models were adjusted for demographic, disease, and treatment-related factors. RESULTS Ninety eight patients were included; 81 (82%) female, 67 (69%) anti-nuclear antibody positive, 59 (60%) oligoarticular and 13 (13%) enthesitis related arthritis (ERA) subtypes. There were 1229 rheumatology visits with a median of 13 visits per patient (interquartile range 7 - 18). Concordance between arthritis and uveitis activity was observed 73% (694/947) of the time. There was an independent temporal association between uveitis and arthritis activity, odds ratio (OR) 2.47 [95% confidence interval 1.72, 3.54; p<0.01], adjusted for demographic and disease characteristics. Use of combination biologic and non-biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, female sex, HLA-B27 positivity, ERA and polyarticular (RF-) subtypes were associated with decreased odds of active uveitis at any time point. CONCLUSION In patients with JIA-U, there is a significant temporal association between arthritis and uveitis disease activity. These novel results suggest that an arthritis flare should prompt an expedited referral to the ophthalmologist.
A Variant of the Wang-Foster-Kakade Lower Bound for the Discounted Setting.

Recently, Wang et al. (2020) showed a highly intriguing hardness result for batch reinforcement learning (RL) with linearly realizable value function and good feature coverage in the finite-horizon case. In this note we show that once adapted to the discounted setting, the construction can be simplified to a 2-state MDP with 1-dimensional features, such that learning is impossible even with an infinite amount of data.
Health Care is Not One Word or One Person

With the passing of Justice Antonin Scalia, the Supreme Court has lost a brilliant legal scholar and formidable protector of the U.S. Constitution. Scalia both earned respect and instilled fear during his 30-year tenure supervising America’s political climate. While his legacy ought to take precedence during this time of mourning, widespread panic over the future of health care reform threatens to overshadow the passing of Scalia the individual in favor of highlighting the ways in which his unexpected death may advance partisan agendas.
A review on the preparation and characterization of chitosan-clay nanocomposite films and coatings for food packaging applications

Abstract Chitosan, obtained by deacetylation of chitin, is widely available, biocompatible and biodegradable polysaccharide. In the same way, nanoclays have been reported to be abundant, low-toxic, and low-cost, which could be obtained either naturally or synthetically. Due to excellent film forming property, chitosan has been extensively employed in preservation and packaging of foods. However, the opportunity to combine with nanoclays paves the way for enhancing many functionalities (i.e., mechanical, barrier and antioxidant properties) of chitosan-based films and coatings via integration of structural and physicochemical features from both organic and inorganic materials. Moreover, chitosan-clay nanocomposites are easy to fabricate and could be used as carriers for essential oils, metal and metal oxide. In the current review, we first provide an overview of fabrication methods that are specifically applied for the preparation of chitosan-clay nanocomposite films and coatings, and then summarize the advances made in the most recent five years for their food packaging applications.
Using chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy to fight glioblastoma multiforme: past, present and future developments.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) constitutes one of the deadliest tumors to afflict humans, although it is still considered an orphan disease. Despite testing multiple new and innovative therapies in ongoing clinical trials, the median survival for this type of malignancy is less than two years after initial diagnosis, regardless of therapy. One class of promising new therapies are chimeric antigen receptor T cells or CAR-T which have been shown to be very effective at treating refractory liquid tumors such as B-cell malignancies. However, CAR-T effectivity against solid tumors such as GBM has been limited thus far. A Pubmed, Google Scholar, Directory of Open Access Journals, and Web of Science literature search using the terms chimeric antigen receptor or CAR-T, GBM, solid tumor immunotherapy, immunotherapy, and CAR-T combination was performed for publication dates between January 1987 and November 2021. In the current review, we present a comprehensive list of CAR-T cells developed to treat GBM, we describe new possible T-cell engineering strategies against GBM while presenting a short introductory history to the reader regarding the origin(s) of this cutting-edge therapy. We have also compiled a unique list of anti-GBM CAR-Ts with their specific protein sequences and their functions as well as an inventory of clinical trials involving CAR-T and GBM. The aim of this review is to introduce the reader to the field of T-cell engineering using CAR-Ts to treat GBM and describe the obstacles that may need to be addressed in order to significantly delay the relentless growth of GBM.
Variation in Use of Pediatric Cardiology Subspecialty Care: A Total Population Study in California, 1983 to 2011

Abstract Background American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines emphasize regionalized systems of care for pediatric chronic illness. There remains a paucity of information on the status of regionalized systems of care for pediatric congenital heart disease (CHD). Objectives This study evaluated variations in use of pediatric cardiology specialty care centers (PCSCC) for pediatric patients with CHD in California between 1983 and 2011. Methods We performed a retrospective, total population analysis of pediatric CHD patients using the California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development unmasked database. PCSCCs were identified by California's Title V program. Results There were 164,310 discharges meeting inclusion criterion. Discharges from PCSCCs grew from 58% to 88% between 1983 and 2011. Regionalized care was highest for surgical (96%) versus nonsurgical (71%) admissions. Admissions with a public payer increased from 42% (1983) to 61% (2011). Total bed days nearly doubled, and median length of stay increased from 2 to 3 days (nonspecialty care) and from 4 to 5 days (specialty care). There was a decrease in the pediatric CHD in-hospital death rate from 5.1 to 2.3 per 100,000 between 1983 and 2011, and a shift toward a larger percent of deaths occurring in the newborn period. Conclusions California’s inpatient regionalized specialty care of pediatric CHD has increased substantially since 1983, especially for surgical CHD discharges. The death rate has decreased, the number of bed days has increased, and a large proportion of these discharges now have public payers. Health care reform efforts must consider these shifts while protecting advances in regionalization of pediatric CHD care.
Passive tracking of underwater acoustic sources with sparse innovations

Tracking acoustic sources via passive sonar is a challenging task common to several underwater monitoring and surveillance systems. Classical tracking approaches based on matched-field tracking and Kalman filtering techniques are impractical due to the their large computational and storage requirements. This work uses sparse-signal modeling tools to develop a computationally-affordable broadband tracking algorithm for an entire source-location map (SLM). Spectral data from multiple frequency bands are processed coherently so as to unambiguously agree on the source locations across frequencies. The tracking problem is cast so that the sparsity inherent in the SLM and in the SLM-innovations can be exploited. A numerical solver based on the proximal gradient method and the alternating directions method of multipliers is developed for SLM estimation. Numerical tests on real data illustrate their performance.
New DDBE Architectures

This chapter contains sections titled: Cooperative DBEs Peer-to-Peer DDBEs Comparing COOP and P2P Summary Glossary References Exercises
Exploration of Emerging HPCN Technologies for Web-Based Distributed Computing

The surge in the popularity of the World Wide Web (WWW) has corresponded to a decreasing market for specialised high performance computers. This paper discusses how, by making use of technology developed from the broader end of the computing pyramid, much of the past decade's work in distributed computing can be realised in the context of the larger WWW market. Not only do these new technologies offer fresh possibilities, but their pace of development is unlikely to be matched by the traditional high performance research community. A motivating application, discussions of the pertinent emerging technologies, and NPAC's investigations of them, will be presented.
A linear matrix inequality approach to the general mixed /spl Hscr//sub 2///spl Hscr//sub /spl infin// control problem

This paper presents a solution method to the general mixed /spl Hscr//sub 2///spl Hscr//sub /spl infin//, problem, minimizing the /spl Hscr//sub 2/ norm of a closed-loop system subject to an /spl Hscr//sub /spl infin// norm constraint on another closed-loop system. It is shown that the true infimum over all internally stabilizing controllers can be approximated arbitrary closely by solving a sequence of globally convergent finite dimensional convex optimization problems over linear matrix inequalities. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.
Efficient methods for implicit geometrical representation of complex material microstructures

SUMMARY We present two methods for initializing distance functions on adaptively-refined finite element meshes to represent complex material microstructures from segmented x-ray tomographic data. Implicit microstructure representation combined with the extended FEM allows modelers to represent complex material microstructures with consistent mesh quality and accuracy. In the first method, a level set evolution equation is formulated and solved by the Galerkin method on an adaptively-refined mesh. We show that the convergence and stability of this method is optimal for the order of elements used. In the second approach, we initialize the distance field by the fast marching method on a uniform grid, and then project the solution onto the finite element mesh by least-squares. We show that this latter approach is superior in speed and accuracy. As an example problem, both methods are demonstrated in the initialization of distance fields for two inclusion phases within a Al-7075 alloy. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
THE EFFECT OF EXCHANGE TRANSFUSION ON PULMONARY FUNCTION OF INFANTS WITH SEVERE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME (RDS)

THE EFFECT OF EXCHANGE TRANSFUSION ON PULMONARY FUNCTION OF INFANTS WITH SEVERE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME (RDS)
PDCD10, THE GENE MUTATED IN CEREBRAL CAVERNOUS MALFORMATION 3, IS EXPRESSED IN THE NEUROVASCULAR UNIT

OBJECTIVE: Mutations in the programmed cell death 10 gene, PDCD10, cause the autosomal-dominant familial cerebral cavernous malformation 3 (CCM3). Little is known about the function of this gene in disease pathogenesis. METHODS: As a first step, we analyzed the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of CCM3 in the embryonic and postnatal mouse brain by in situ hybridization. We generated and characterized CCM3-specific polyclonal antibodies and analyzed CCM3 protein expression in human cerebral and solid organ (extraeerebral) tissues using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: In embryonic mouse brain, CCM3 mRNA is seen in the ventricular, subventricular, and intermediate zones, the cortical plate, the developing septum, striatum, midbrain, pons, cerebellum, and medulla. In the postnatal mouse brain, we detected CCM3/PDCD10 expression in the olfactory bulb, neocortex, striatum, septal nuclei, hippocampus, dentate gyrus, thalamic and hypothalamic nuclei, inferior coilliculus, Purkinje and granule cell layers and deep nuclei of the cerebellum, and in many cells and nuclei in the medulla. Similar to CCM1 and CCM2, the CCM3/PDCD10 protein is expressed in the neurovascular unit but weakly in venous structures within cortical, subcortical, and brainstem tissue. CCM3/PDCD10 protein is strongly expressed in arterial endothelium but weakly or not at all in venous endothelium of extracerebral tissue. CONCLUSION: The expression pattern of CCM3/PDCD10 in multiple organ systems displays similarities to CCM1 and CCM2. PDCD10/CCM3 is highly expressed in the neurovascular unit and in the arterial endothelium of structures within multiple organ systems, including the brain. These data provide additional information about CCM3 expression and its role in lesion development and pathogenesis.
IV cyclosporine to treat refractory CVID enteropathy.

Gastrointestinal symptoms such as chronic diarrhea and malabsorption occur in 50% of patients with common variable immune deficiency (CVID), which may lead to a concomitant diagnosis of inflammator...
Phase II Study of Paclitaxel Plus Gemcitabine Salvage Chemotherapy for Germ Cell Tumors After Progression Following High-Dose Chemotherapy With Tandem Transplant

Purpose To determine long-term survival and potential cure with salvage chemotherapy with paclitaxel plus gemcitabine after progression after both cisplatin combination chemotherapy and subsequent high-dose chemotherapy with tandem transplantation. Patients and Methods One hundred eighty-four patients received salvage high-dose chemotherapy at Indiana University (Indianapolis, IN) from February 1996 to December 2004. After further evidence of progressive disease, 32 patients were subsequently treated with paclitaxel 100 mg/n2 over 1 hour plus gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m2 over 30 minutes, days 1, 8, and 15 every 4 weeks for a maximum of six courses. This is a retrospective review of this patient population. Patients were evaluated for response, duration of response, and survival. Patients were ineligible if they received prior paclitaxel or gemcitabine. Results Ten (31%) of 32 patients achieved objective response, including four partial remissions (2- to 6-month duration) and six complete responses (CRs). Four ...
High affinity binding sites for somatostatin to rat pituitary

Binding sites for somatostatin (SS) are described in rat pituitary membranes using either [125I-Tyr11]-SS-14 or [Leu8, D-Trp22, 125I-Tyr25]-SS-28 as radioligands; in each case saturable and high affinity binding sites with KD's for SS of 1.09 and 0.95 nM respectively have been characterized. The binding capacity is 100 f mols/mg protein. The potencies of various SS analogs measured in the radioreceptor assay are in agreement with the potencies in a bioassay measuring inhibition of growth hormone release; in particular, SS-28 is slightly less potent than SS-14. A comparison of these data with those describing SS binding in brain and pancreas suggests that some pharmacological differences may exist between pituitary, brain and pancreas binding sites for SS.
Provider Perceptions of Mental Health Literacy Among Youth

Approximately one in five children will have a mental health disorder at some point in their lifetime (Merikangas et al. Pediatrics 125:75–81, 2010). Despite this prevalence, many children are uninformed and unaware of how to recognize and manage mental health disorders. Previous efforts to increase mental health literacy focused on adults, not children. The purpose of this article is to begin filling this gap by utilizing a survey to describe children’s mental health providers’ perceptions of the amount, accuracy, and origin of mental health literacy in the children and adolescents they treat and how mental health literacy impacts their work. Eighty-seven mental health providers completed an online survey to explore perceptions of children’s mental health literacy. Per providers’ reports, results demonstrate that children’s mental health literacy is low, inaccurate, and inconsistent. Consistent with previous research, providers reported that children primarily rely on friends and peers for information about mental health disorders, with family as a close second. Implications of these findings for social work practitioners, researchers, and children are discussed.
Effects of physiological aging on speaking and reading rates.

Abstract Reading and speaking rates were studied in 48 male subjects representing two levels of physiological condition (“good” and “poor”) within each of three chronological age groupings (25–35, 45–55, 65–75 yr). Results indicated reading and speaking rates were significantly slower in old age subjects (65–75 yr) than they were in young age subjects (25–35 yr). These age-related differences were most apparent in subjects in “poor” physiological condition. These findings lend further support to the hypothesis that physiological condition is a significant variable to consider in the analysis of speech characteristics.