cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Mapping Dense LU Factorization on Multicore Supercomputer Nodes

Dense LU factorization is a prominent benchmark used to rank the performance of supercomputers. Many implementations use block-cyclic distributions of matrix blocks onto a two-dimensional process grid. The process grid dimensions drive a trade-off between communication and computation and are architecture- and implementation-sensitive. The critical panel factorization steps can be made less communication-bound by overlapping asynchronous collectives for pivoting with the computation of rank-k updates. By shifting the computation-communication trade-off, a modified block-cyclic distribution can beneficially exploit more available parallelism on the critical path, and reduce panel factorization's memory hierarchy contention on now-ubiquitous multicore architectures. During active panel factorization, rank-1 updates stream through memory with minimal reuse. In a column-major process grid, the performance of this access pattern degrades as too many streaming processors contend for access to memory. A block-cyclic mapping in the row-major order does not encounter this problem, but consequently sacrifices node and network locality in the critical pivoting steps. We introduce 'striding' to vary between the two extremes of row- and column-major process grids. The maximum available parallelism in the critical path work (active panel factorization, triangular solves, and subsequent broadcasts) is bounded by the length or width of the process grid. Increasing one dimension of the process grid decreases the number of distinct processes and nodes in the other dimension. To increase the harnessed parallelism in both dimensions, we start with a tall process grid. We then apply periodic 'rotation' to this grid to restore exploited parallelism along the row to previous levels. As a test-bed for further mapping experiments, we describe a dense LU implementation that allows a block distribution to be defined as a general function of block to processor. Other mappings can be tested with only small, local changes to the code.
Trends in hospital treatments for peripheral arterial disease in the United States and association between payer status and quality of care/outcomes, 2007-2011.

Objective This study sought to identify the temporal trends of presenting diagnoses and vascular procedures performed for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) along with the rates of procedures and in-hospital outcomes by payer status. Background Previous studies suggest that patients with Medicare, Medicaid, or lack of insurance receive poorer quality of care leading to worse outcomes. Methods We analyzed 196,461,055 discharge records to identify all hospitalized patients with PAD records (n = 1,687,724) from January 2007 through December 2011 in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database. Results The annual frequency of vascular procedures remained unchanged during the study period. Patients with Medicaid were more likely to present with gangrenes, whereas patients with Medicare were more likely to present with ulcers. After adjustment, patients with Medicare and Medicaid were more likely to undergo amputations when compared with private insurance/HMO (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.10–1.16 and OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.20–1.29, respectively). Patients with both Medicare and Medicaid were less likely to undergo bypass surgery (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.81–0.84 and OR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.85–0.90, respectively), but more likely to undergo endovascular procedures (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.17–1.20 and OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.01–1.06, respectively). Medicare and Medicaid status versus private insurance/HMO was associated with worse adjusted odds of in-hospital outcomes, including mortality after amputations, endovascular procedures, and bypass surgeries. Conclusions In this analysis, patients with Medicare and Medicaid had more comorbid conditions at baseline when compared with private insurance/HMO cohorts, were more likely to present with advanced stages of PAD, undergo amputations, and develop in-hospital complications. These data unveil a critical gap and an opportunity for quality improvement in the elderly and those with poor socioeconomic status. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pedunculopontine Gamma Band Activity and Development

This review highlights the most important discovery in the reticular activating system in the last 10 years, the manifestation of gamma band activity in cells of the reticular activating system (RAS), especially in the pedunculopontine nucleus, which is in charge of waking and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. The identification of different cell groups manifesting P/Q-type Ca2+ channels that control waking vs. those that manifest N-type channels that control REM sleep provides novel avenues for the differential control of waking vs. REM sleep. Recent discoveries on the development of this system can help explain the developmental decrease in REM sleep and the basic rest-activity cycle.
SCO2 Mediates Oxidative Stress‐Induced Glycolysis to Oxidative Phosphorylation Switch in Hematopoietic Stem Cells

Fanconi anemia (FA) is an inherited bone marrow (BM) failure syndrome, presumably resulting from defects in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Normal HSCs depend more on glycolysis than on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for energy production. Here, we show that FA HSCs are more sensitive to the respiration inhibitor NaN3 treatment than to glycolytic inhibitor 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG), indicating more dependence on OXPHOS. FA HSCs undergo glycolysis-to-OXPHOS switch in response to oxidative stress through a p53-dependent mechanism. Metabolic stresses induce upregulation of p53 metabolic targets in FA HSCs. Inactivation of p53 in FA HSCs prevents glycolysis-to-OXPHOS switch. Furthermore, p53-deficient FA HSCs are more sensitive to 2-DG-mediated metabolic stress. Finally, oxidative stress-induced glycolysis-to-OXPHOS switch is mediated by synthesis of cytochrome c oxidase 2 (SCO2). These findings demonstrate p53-mediated OXPHOS function as a compensatory alteration in FA HSCs to ensure a functional but mildly impaired energy metabolism and suggest a cautious approach to manipulating p53 signaling in FA.
Priority-Based Supervisory Controller for a Displacement-Controlled Excavator With Pump Switching

Environmental and economic factors have driven the advancements in fluid power technologies over the last two decades. Gradual development has been made over time on the state-of-the-art fluid power technology; however, there has been no major advancement leading to radical improvement on systems’ efficiencies. Displacement-controlled (DC) actuation has been under investigation by the authors’ group since its conception in 1998 as a highly efficient alternative to its valve controlled counterpart, demonstrating fuel economy improvements of up to 40% and the possibility for engine downsizing of up to 50% for an excavator truck-loading cycle. Through the installation of a variable displacement hydraulic pump/motor per actuator, DC actuation entirely eliminates the losses due to resistive control and allows for the recuperation of energy from overriding loads. The one-pump-per-actuator requirement however represents the technology’s largest obstacle due to the increased machine production costs. For this reason the authors’ group proposed the idea of pump switching wherein a reduced number of hydraulic units is connected to the actuators in a multi-actuator machine through a distributing manifold. The idea relies on proper design of the distributing manifold and enabling controls to realize machine operability. Work by the authors’ group has demonstrated that the pump-switching idea is feasible on the actuator level, achieving seaming-less switching transitions while retaining the basic fuel savings demonstrated for DC actuation. This paper presents the first formal attempt to create a supervisory controller for a DC multi-actuator machine with pump switching. The controller is based on priority levels geared towards the maximization of the number of available actuator combinations. Implementation on a DC hydraulic hybrid excavator prototype show the feasibility of the control approach as well as the limitations and further improvements.Copyright © 2015 by ASME
Rapid development of piperidine carboxamides as potent and selective anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitors.

Piperidine carboxamide 1 was identified as a novel inhibitor of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK enzyme assay IC50 = 0.174 μM) during high throughput screening, with selectivity over the related kinase insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1R). The X-ray cocrystal structure of 1 with the ALK kinase domain revealed an unusual DFG-shifted conformation, allowing access to an extended hydrophobic pocket. Structure–activity relationship (SAR) studies were focused on the rapid parallel optimization of both the right- and left-hand side of the molecule, culminating in molecules with improved potency and selectivity over IGF1R.
Effect of Interface Thickness on Smoothed Profile Modeling of Flow Over a Stationary Sphere in 1<Re<300

Smoothed Profile Modeling (SPM) of flow over a stationary sphere has been studied to find the efficiency of the method in flows with steady wakes. It is shown that the interface between the solid and liquid affects the fluid-solid interaction and thus should be known before using SPM. A correlation for drag coefficient of stationary sphere is used to find the proper values of interface thickness parameter in order to capture the correct drag coefficient. The correlation is based on Reynolds number and grid size and it is validated to lead to similar flow patterns with the Sharp Interface Method (SIM). Numerical experiments revealed that SPM can have more accurate results that SIM for the coarse grids.
The Repeal of Fair Housing in California: An Analysis of Referendum Voting*

In the summer of 1963 the California legislature passed the Rumford Act, prohibiting racial discrimination by realtors and the owners of apartment houses and homes built with public assistance. California real estate and property management interests, which had fought the Act's passage, then placed on the November 1964 ballot an initiative provision (Proposition 14) that would amend the state constitution to repeal the Rumford Act and prevent the state or any locality within it from adopting any fair housing legislation. During most of 1964 intense and lavishly financed campaigns were fought by supporters and opponents of Proposition 14. Almost 96 per cent of the people who turned out on election day voted on the measure, which passed by a ratio of two to one. In one sense the campaign and balloting were an exercise in futility, for in May of 1967 the United States Supreme Court declared Proposition 14 unconstitutional. Some short-term consequences of its passage were apparent, however. For several years there was a severe weakening of legal sanctions against racial discrimination in housing, resulting in abandonment of many cases that were underway before the 1964 election. For eighteen months the federal government froze $120 million in funds for California urban renewal projects. Less tangibly, it is claimed that the proposition's overwhelming popularity contributed to the Watts riots and other racial violence in California.
Mastitis in beef cows and its effects on calf weight gain

Quarter milk samples from 51 purebred (Angus, Polled Hereford, and Simmental) and 69 crossbred (Angus x Simmental x Charolais three-way cross) beef cows were collected aseptically at three times during lactation to determine the prevalence of intramammary infection, milk somatic cell counts (SCC), and effects of infection on calf weight gain. Quarter infection prevalence was 13.1, 14.9, and 27.5% in early, mid, and late lactation; corresponding cow infection prevalence was 25.8, 29.2, and 54.4%. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 2.9, 2.7, and 3.2% of quarters in early, mid, and late lactation, respectively. Corynebacterium bovis, generally regarded as a minor pathogen, was isolated from 4.0, 7.6, and 18.2% of quarters at the three respective times. Geometric SCC means (10(3) cells/ml) were 1,522, 344, and 509 for S. aureus-infected quarters; 344, 899, and 221 for Staphylococcus hyicus-infected quarters; 65, 36, and 86 for C. bovis-infected quarters; and 20, 17, and 18 for uninfected quarters in early, mid, and late lactation, respectively. Adjusted 205-d weight gain for calves with S. aureus-infected dams was 9.6 kg less (P less than .05) than for calves with uninfected dams. Adjusted 205-d weight gain for calves with dams infected with any mastitis pathogen did not differ significantly from that of calves with uninfected dams. At weaning half of the infected cows and half of the uninfected cows were given an intramammary infusion product containing 300 mg of cephapirin benzathine in each quarter; the remaining cows were untreated controls. Quarter samples were collected aseptically from all cows 14 to 28 d after subsequent calving. Quarter prevalence of infection after calving was lower (P less than .05) in treated (8.2%) than in control (22.4%) cows. Significantly more infections present at weaning were eliminated in treated than in control cows, but the new infection rate during the dry period and early lactation did not differ between the two groups.
EFFECTS OF SINTERING TEMPERATURE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SrSc0.1Co0.9O3-δOXYGEN SEMIPERMEABLE MEMBRANE

Our study investigates the influence of sintering temperature on the microstructure (grain size distribution, grain boundary length), electrical conductivity, and oxygen permeation properties of permeation membranes. For this purpose, SrSc0.1Co0.9O3-δ samples with different microstructures were prepared by varying the sintering temperature from 1100 to 1250 ˚C. The average grain sizes were gradually increased, thus the grain boundary lengths decreased with increased sintering temperatures. The influence of the ceramic microstructure on total electrical conductivity was found to be negligible. The oxygen transport properties of the samples were characterized by permeation measurements as a function of temperature in an air/helium oxygen partial pressure gradient. The decrease of the sintering temperature, meaning a decrease of grain size and thus the increase of grain boundary length, leads to an enhanced oxygen permeation flux and a reduced activation energy. This implies that oxygen exchange and transport in the SrSc0.1Co0.9O3-δ membranes occur more rapidly along grain boundaries than in the grain bulk.
The Impact of Indigent Care on Output Congestion in Hospitals

In this paper, we examine whether indigent care provided by hospitals contributes to output congestion. An increase in output congestion could make the cost of delivering indigent care more costly than managers believe. We distinguish between charity (indigent) care and bad debt expense in an effort to understand the full cost of charity care. We use data from 128 Oklahoma hospitals to measure hospital productivity based upon analytical models developed in the paper using DEA methodology. Our results indicate that hospitals in this study experience roughly the same level of bad debt expense; however, hospitals differ in terms of technical efficiency due to the indigent care being delivered.
Perceived Housing Discrimination and Self-Reported Health: How Do Neighborhood Features Matter?

While the association between perceived discrimination and health has been investigated, little is known about whether and how neighborhood characteristics moderate this association. We situate discrimination in the housing context and use relative deprivation and social capital perspectives to fill the knowledge gap. We applied multilevel logistic modeling to 9,842 adults in 830 neighborhoods in Philadelphia to examine three hypotheses. First, the detrimental effect of discrimination on self-reported health was underestimated without considering neighborhood features as moderators. The estimated coefficient (β) increased from approximately 0.02 to 1.84 or higher. Second, the negative association between discrimination and self-reported health was enhanced when individuals with discrimination experience lived in neighborhoods with higher housing values (β = 0.42). Third, the adverse association of discrimination with self-reported health was attenuated when people reporting discrimination resided in neighborhoods marked by higher income inequality (β = −4.34) and higher concentrations of single-parent households with children (β = −0.03) and minorities (β = −0.01). We not only confirmed the moderating roles of neighborhood characteristics, but also suggested that the relative deprivation and social capital perspectives could be used to understand how perceived housing discrimination affects self-reported health via neighborhood factors.
Ipilimumab Therapy for Melanoma: A Mimic of Leptomeningeal Metastases

We have recently observed that patients with malignant melanoma on treatment with ipilimumab can demonstrate leptomeningeal enhancement on brain MR imaging mimicking metastatic disease. In [Fig 1][1] is shown one such case of a 40-year-old man presenting with subacute onset of headaches, right-sided
Antecedents of Non-Provocative Defence

The 1980s debate about defensive concepts can be traced to several historical sources. One is early public debates and diplomatic negotiations on arms control related to, for example, the inter-war Washington naval treaties and Geneva Disarmament Conference. A second is the post-war settlements of 1918–19 and 1945; a third is the post-Second World War ‘German problem7. A fourth is the practice of certain neutral states. In examining these sources, one finds several recurring ideas: a conviction that arms races cause war; a sense that offensive and defensive armaments can be distinguished; a belief in the political, military, and moral power of defensive weapons and buffer zones; a preference for conscript, reservist, or militia forms of military organisation over professional standing armies; a desire for public awareness to replace secrecy in military matters; and a willingness to consider the role of one’s own country in threat creation. The brief survey presented here identifies defensive antecedents in three periods: the inter-war years, the Second World War and its immediate aftermath, and the 1950s through the 1970s. These ‘eras’ were chosen both to organise ideas that emerged from disparate sources and to highlight certain turning points in the development of those ideas.
Growth Kinetics of Intermetallic Compounds Between Sn and Fe Liquid-Solid Reaction Couples

Growth Kinetics of Intermetallic Compounds between Sn and Fe Liquid-Solid Reaction Couples Shou-Jen Hsu and Chin C. Lee Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Materials and Manufacturing Technology University of California Irvine, CA 92697-2660 Abstract Growth behavior of the intermetallic compound (IMC), FeSn 2 , was investigated in the liquid Sn/solid Fe reaction couple over the annealing temperatures from 250°C to 400°C. Low carbon steel AISI 1018 was chosen to make Fe samples. The morphology and thickness of the IMC formed between Sn and Fe were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to confirm that the IMC is FeSn 2 . The growth kinetics of FeSn 2 was modeled by parabolic law and empirical power law. Based on the models, the growth constants, activation energy and time exponents were established at different annealing temperatures. It was found that the time exponent values obtained by fitting with empirical power law deviate from 0.5, meaning that volume (bulk) diffusion is not the only rate-controlling process in the liquid Sn/solid Fe reaction couple. Also, a variation in the time exponent values is indicative that the growth behavior is correlated with grain size growth and irregular grain morphology at different annealing stages. The results of this research show that AISI 1018 steel can readily react with Sn to form IMC on the interface. This is an essential requirement of soldering action using Sn-rich solders. Keywords: solder; intermetallic compound; tin; low carbon steel 1. Introduction Ferrous metals have had various applications in automotive and electronic industries. Ultra low carbon, low carbon, and micro-alloyed steels have been widely used as auto body material [1-3]. Invar (Fe-36Ni) is known for its uniquely low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) around 0.8 to 1.6 ppm/°C (measured between 30-100°C). It has been utilized in manufacturing precision instruments where high dimensional stability is required. Alloy 42 (Fe-42Ni) and Kovar (Fe-29Ni-17Co) are controlled expansion alloys with CTE of 4.0 to 4.7 ppm/°C (measured at 30-300°C) and 5.1 to 5.5 ppm/°C (measured at 30-
Suicide and self-injury-related implicit cognition: a large-scale examination and replication

Suicide and self-injury are difficult to predict because at-risk individuals are often unable or unwilling to report their intentions. Therefore, tools to reliably assess risk without reliance on self-report are critically needed. Prior research suggests that people who engage in suicidal and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) often implicitly (i.e., outside conscious control) associate themselves with self-harm and death, indicating that self-harm-related implicit cognition may serve as a useful behavioral marker for suicide risk. However, earlier studies left several critical questions about the robustness, sensitivity, and specificity of self-harm-related implicit associations unaddressed. We recruited a large sample of participants (N = 7,015) via a public web-based platform called Project Implicit Mental Health (PIMH) to test several hypotheses about self-harm-related implicit associations using the Implicit Association Test (IAT). Participants were randomly assigned to complete 1 of 3 self-harm IATs (Self + Cutting using picture stimuli, Self + Suicide using word stimuli, Self + Death using word stimuli). Results replicated prior studies demonstrating that self-harm-related implicit associations were stronger among individuals with (vs. without) a history of suicide attempt and NSSI. Results also suggested that self-harm-related implicit associations are robust (based on internal replication), are sensitive to recency and severity of self-harm history (e.g., stronger associations for more recent and more lethal prior suicide attempts), and correlate with specific types of self-harm behaviors. These findings clarify the nature of self-harm-related implicit cognition and highlight the IAT's potential to track current risk for specific types of self-harm in ways that more fixed risk factors cannot. (PsycINFO Database Record
Extended Editor's Report: IFLA Notes from Robin Kear

Welcome to the Global Postcards column! We are so excited to bring you news and projects from around the world. We have three main contributions for this column: Heather Moulaison Sandy reports on ...
Performing the Breastfeeding Body: Lactivism and Art Interventions

“Performing the Breastfeeding Body: Lactivism and Art Interventions” addresses the ways in which three contemporary North American artist-parents position themselves and their work as potential agents of cultural change around the topic of breastfeeding. Their socially engaged works challenge the increasing social divisions, seen particularly in the United States, around the breastfeeding body. By employing collaboration, intervening in institutional spaces as well as moving outside of them, and creating works that actively counter societal treatment of the breastfeeding body, these artists create raise critical questions and alter public and private spaces in ways that make visible and challenge one of the many taboos still surrounding motherhood. In order to destabilize the perceived spectacle of the breastfeeding body, each of these artist-activists stages a spectacle of her own, placing the breastfeeding body front and center by enacting breastfeeding as a private / public performance and simultaneously confronting public discomfort and culturally normative behaviors.
Beyond the Primary Endpoint Paradigm: A Test of Intervention Effect in HIV Behavioral Intervention Trials with Numerous Correlated Outcomes

Behavioral interventions are increasingly based on holistic approaches to health with an understanding that health-related behaviors are linked. A motivating example is provided by the Philani study, an intervention trial conducted to improve the health of South African mothers and their children. Inter-related health problems around maternal alcohol use, malnutrition, and HIV were addressed; multiple endpoints were targeted. The traditional hypothesis testing paradigm that tests significance on one primary outcome did not suffice. Past multiple endpoint studies have utilized a sign test on the number of estimated differences between treatment and control that favor the intervention. However, in order to preserve type 1 error, one must account for correlations among the outcomes. We propose an alternative approach that counts the number of significant treatment-control differences. Monte Carlo simulation is used to adjust for correlation, providing updated critical values and p values. Our method is implemented through an R package and applied to the Philani data to test the intervention’s overall effect.
Insight Into "Changing-Look" AGN Mrk 1018 from the Fe Kα Line: The Reprocessing Gas Has Yet to Fully Respond to the Fading of the AGN

Mrk 1018 is a "changing-look" active galactic nucleus (AGN) whose optical spectrum transitioned from a Type 1.9 to a Type 1 between 1979 and 1984, and then back to a Type 1.9 in 2015. This latest transition was accompanied by a decrease in X-ray flux. We analyze the Chandra spectra from 2010 and 2016 and NuSTAR spectra from 2016, with a careful treatment of pileup in the Chandraspectrum from 2010, and self-consistently model absorption, reflection, and Fe Kα line emission in the X-ray spectra from 2016. We demonstrate that while the 2–10 keV X-ray flux decreased by an order of magnitude (1.46^(+0.10)_(-0.13) x 10^(-11) -1.31^(+0.09)_(-0.04) erg s^(−1) cm^(−2)), the Fe Kα equivalent width (EW) increased from 0.18^(+0.17)_(-0.12) to 0.61^(+0.27)_(-0.25) keV due to a depressed AGN continuum. We jointly fit the Chandraand NuSTAR spectra from 2016 using the physically motivated MYTorus model, and find that the torus orientation is consistent with a face-on geometry and that lines of sight intersecting the torus are ruled out. While we measure no line-of-sight absorption, we do measure a column density of N_H = 5.38^(+14)_(-4.0) x 10^(22) cm^(−2) for gas out of the line of sight that reprocesses the X-ray emission. We find a high relative normalization between the Compton-scattered emission and transmitted continuum, which is indicative of time lags between the primary X-ray source and reprocessing gas. We predict that the Fe Kα line will respond to the decrease in AGN flux, which would manifest as a decrease in the Fe Kα EW.
Response by Flaherty to Letter Regarding Article, "Hemodynamic Support With a Micro-Axial Percutaneous Left Ventricular Assist Device (Impella) Protects Against Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing High-Risk Percutaneous Coronary Intervention".

We welcome the opportunity to address the questions raised by Naranjo et al in their letter entitled Hemodynamic Support With a Micro-Axial Percutaneous Left Ventricular Assist Device (Impella) Protects Against Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing High-Risk Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. In their letter, Naranjo et al pointed out the lack of additional experimental arms in our single-center study investigating the renal protective effect of partial hemodynamic support using the microaxial percutaneous left ventricular assist device (pLVAD) Impella 2.5 during high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention. Naranjo et al would have had us include patients supported with intra-aortic balloon pumps (IABP) or other pLVADs. These authors believe that we may have observed similar outcomes with regard to renal protection by including additional pLVADs or IABPs in our analysis. With regard to the inclusion of additional pLVADs, we simply did not have these data to include in any meaningful way. About counterpulsation therapy, ours was a study that sought to determine the impact of systemic hemodynamic support on renal function. Sufficient consensus in the literature exists on the salutary effects of IABPs, among which systemic hemodynamic support is seldom included and the lack of which is often …
Option-Implied Systematic Disaster Concern

The covariation of option-implied disaster concern of a stock and the market index allows me to estimate the conditional and systematic disaster concern of the stock with respect to the market. The estimated variables can be interpreted in terms of the stock's risk-neutral conditional disaster probabilities given possible future market states, and they strongly predict future realizations of stock disasters and returns under different market conditions. This suggests that the comovement of option prices between stocks and the market index carries forward-looking information on their joint tail distributions.
Relationship between maternal depression symptoms and child weight outcomes in Latino farmworker families.

This study sought to characterize depressive symptoms among mothers in Latino farmworker families, determine if maternal depression increases children's risk of obesity, and ascertain whether relevant risk factors such as physical activity, diet, and feeding style mediate this relationship. Mothers from 248 families completed the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale 9 times over a 2-year period. Four distinct patterns were used to describe mothers: few symptoms, moderate episodic symptoms, severe episodic symptoms, and chronic symptoms. Approximately two-thirds of women experienced moderate symptoms of depression at least once. Children of mothers fitting each pattern were compared. At the end of the study, children of mothers with severe episodic and chronic symptoms were significantly more likely to be overweight and obese than children of mothers with few symptoms (p < .05). After controlling for covariates, differences in weight status for children of mothers with severe episodic symptoms remained significant. Children of mothers with either moderate episodic or chronic symptoms were fed in a less responsive fashion (p < .05), and children of chronically symptomatic mothers had lower diet quality (p < .01). Although nonresponsive feeding has been linked to childhood obesity, in this analysis, feeding style did not mediate the relationship between maternal depression and diet quality. Elevated levels of depressive symptoms are common in this population, and those symptoms, especially when severe or chronic in nature, may increase children's risk of obesity. Additional research is needed to characterize the pathways through which maternal depression influences children's weight.
Lean In and Tell Me a (True) Story: Sheryl Sandberg’s Revision of Feminist History

The slogan “the personal is the political” communicates the central place that personal experience has in US feminism; the life stories of women—in conventional biographical and autobiographical books, in film biographies, in talk show formats, documentaries, and, now, in social media—also have a prominent place in US popular culture. These stories are subject to the organizing codes of interpretive communities that must be able to locate the story within an identifiable frame of meaning. This chapter examines Sheryl Sandberg’s multimedia memoir and social movement Lean In as a memoir/manifesto that attempts to reframe feminism in service of the corporation, erasing feminism as a collective political movement and marginalizing working-class women’s stories of gendered oppression.
An approach to treating a patient with a HeartMate II™ left ventricularassist device in a multiplace hyperbaric chamber: a case report.

Introduction Left-ventricular assist devices (LVAD) are becoming a common therapy for end-stage heart failure. These devicesare not tested for pressurization in a hyperbaricchamber by the manufacturer. In this article, we present an approach to modify the power supply in order to safely treat a patient with an LVAD. Materials and methods Our patient had a HeartMateII™ LVAD and presented for hyperbaric oxygen treatments for severe radiation cystitis. In order to modify this patient's equipment to be compliant with NFPA6 safety standards we made several modifications. In brief, this included eliminating the usage of lithium-ion batteries, modifying the cord to be compatible with Fink chamber outlets, and enclosing the power module in a nitrogen purge. We then used a mock circulatory system to test our modifications and make sure the LVAD continued to have appropriate flow rates. We then conducted training for staff and developed a disaster plan should the LVAD fail at any point. Results Once we felt comfortable with the modifications and had a plan developed should any problems arise, we then proceeded to treat our patient in the hyperbaric chamber. He successfully underwent 44 hyperbaric treatments for radiation cystitis without complications. Conclusion This case is the second reported patient in the literature with an LVAD that was successfully treated in a multiplace hyperbaric chamber. As LVADs become increasingly popular to manage heart failure, more patients with these devices will present for hyperbaric treatments. With a few modifications, an LVAD patient can be safely and successfully treated in a hyperbaric chamber.
Detection and Communication in Colored Noise

In this chapter we shall consider the binary decision problem further. The detection and communication problems will both be developed, where the additive noise is still gaussian but is no longer assumed to have flat spectral density for all frequencies. Instead, the zero-mean noise is assumed to have covariance function R n (t, τ), which is well behaved and strictly positive-definite. Such noises are often called nonwhite, or colored.
Lattice Gauge Theory, Orthogonal Polynomials and q-Hypergeometric Functions

A simple closed form for a particular instance of Wilson’s loop variables is derived both via group theory and via q-hypergeometric series. Several facets of these diverse approches are explored.
Modelling and Simulation for Regional Ozone Impact by Flaring Destruction and Removal Efficiency of Oil & Gas Industries

Abstract Flaring is a necessary measure for plant safety in oil & gas industries. However, the industrial flaring generates large amounts of VOC and NOx, which could transiently aggravate regional ozone concentrations that could affect on human health and the environment. Currently, the national standard value of 98% or 99% for destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) is regulated and presumed for industrial flaring operations. However, the DRE value could be lower than the national standard under various atmospheric and operating conditions, such as the high cross-wind speed and flare jet velocity. Thus, it is important to know the quantity and sensitivity of the regional ozone impact due to lower DREs in oil & gas industries. In this paper, a systematic study on industrial ozone pollution impacts due to the lower flaring DREs caused by cross-wind speed and flare jet velocity has been performed. First, the DRE formulas considering crosswind speed and jet velocity were derived based on available references. Second, the emission inventory assisted by the DRE formulas was updated in a certified episode of air-quality model from Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ), where compressive information of meteorology (e.g., solar radiation intensity, wind speed, temperature, pressure and humidity), geography (e.g., population densities and land use) and emission inventory (e.g., point source emissions, area emissions, on-road emissions and biological emissions) were modeled. After that, comprehensive air quality model with extensions (CAMx) based air-quality modelling was conducted to simulate the regional ozone formation and transformation, as well as to study the ozone increments due to effects on DRE changes. This study could provide valuable and quantitative support for all relevant stakeholders, including environmental agencies, regional plants, and local communities.
Daily Self-Weighing to Prevent Holiday-Associated Weight Gain in Adults.

OBJECTIVE Holiday weight gain is reported to be 0.4 to 1.5 kg and may contribute to annual weight gain. The objective of this study was to test the efficacy of daily self-weighing (DSW) using visual graphical feedback (GF) to prevent holiday weight gain. METHODS A total of 111 adults were randomly assigned into a control or DSW + GF group and completed the preholiday visit (v1; before Thanksgiving), the postholiday visit (v2; after New Year's Day), and the follow-up visit (v3; 14 weeks after v2). The participants in the DSW + GF group performed DSW with Wi-Fi scales during the holidays and were told to try not to gain weight above baseline weight. RESULTS There was no change in weight with DSW + GF, whereas the control group gained weight from v1 to v2 (-0.13 ± 0.27 kg vs. 2.65 ± 0.33 kg, P < 0.001, respectively). In the control group, weight change was similar between individuals with overweight or obesity (OW/OB) versus individuals with normal weight (2.71 ± 0.48 kg vs. 2.62 ± 0.43 kg, not significant, respectively). For DSW + GF, individuals with OW/OB lost weight whereas those with normal weight maintained weight during the holidays (-1.46 ± 0.62 kg vs. 0.33 ± 0.27 kg, P = 0.01, respectively). The control group lost weight during the follow-up (-1.14 ± 0.43 kg, P = 0.01; v2 to v3) but retained 57% of weight gain; therefore, weight gain from v1 to v3 was significant (1.51 ± 0.39 kg, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS DSW + GF was a successful approach to prevent holiday weight gain, with those with OW/OB responding most favorably to DSW + GF.
Risk to bystanders in clinical trials: A symposium:

This symposium takes a critical look at the ethics of impact on "bystanders" to clinical research. By that we mean study non-participants who nevertheless are at risk of being affected by the study in some way. This introduction suggests some questions to consider while reading through the symposium contributions, and gives a precis of each.
Optimal Rotation-Equivariant Covariance Estimation for Detection of High-Dimensional Signals

A fundamental challenge in developing detection mechanisms for high-dimensional signals is estimating the covariance matrix of the interference/noise/disturbance process. This problem is made especially difficult by the typical unavailability of a large set of training samples representative of the disturbance process. The metric by which such estimators are typically judged is the normalized signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of Reed, Mallett, and Brennan. Yet standard estimators do not provide any guarantee of maximizing this quantity for a limited number $n$ of training samples. In this paper, we propose an estimator of Ledoit, Wolf, and Peche, which maximizes normalized SINR—as long as $n$ and the dimensionality of the signal are sufficiently high—over the class of estimators sharing the sample covariance's eigenvectors. The main contribution of this paper is a new performance bound for Ledoit, Wolf, and Peche's estimator. Finite-sample SINR performance is evaluated for covariances from the high-fidelity KASSPER I data set, and shown to be empirically superior to standard estimators for space-time processing of that data set under standard assumptions.
Modeling Inorganic Soil Nitrogen Status in Maize Agroecosystems

Author(s): Banger, K; Nafziger, ED; Wang, J; Pittelkow, CM | Abstract: Core Ideas DSSAT was calibrated for simulating soil N concentration during the maize growing season. Two-step validation included research experiments and 49 commercial maize fields. Model performance was fair in predicting SOM mineralization and N management impacts. The model captured effects of early season rainfall on soil N variability across sites. Farmers have limited knowledge of inorganic soil nitrogen (N) concentration during maize (Zea mays L.) growth in the US Midwest, particularly after periods of wet spring weather. The objectives of this study were to calibrate the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) model for predicting inorganic soil N concentration using data from three field experiments in Illinois, to evaluate model performance against three independent sites and additional data from 49 commercial maize fields, and to assess the impacts of rainfall variability on the predicted decrease in soil N concentration early in the growing season. Model calibration included adjustments to soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition parameters based on predicted soil organic carbon concentration (obtained from gSSURGO) and soil drainage rates. Model performance was considered “fair” in predicting SOM mineralization dynamics and the effects of fall vs. spring N fertilizer application across the validation datasets (normalized RMSE, 21.2–25.7%). The model also captured the variability in soil N concentration across 49 commercial fields (R2 = 0.68–0.88; slope, 0.99–1.24), with higher cumulative rainfall from January to July (g800 mm) reducing predicted soil N availability compared with fields receiving less rainfall (500–600 mm). Results suggest that DSSAT has the potential to estimate soil N availability across variable weather patterns, soil properties, and fertilizer management scenarios in Illinois. However, future work is needed to further improve model accuracy, especially if it is to be used as a decision support tool for farmers.
Enthalpies of Dilution of Aqueous Electrolytes: Sulfuric Acid, Hydrochloric Acid, and Lithium Chloride.

Calorimetric measurements at 25 °C of the enthalpies of dilution of aqueous H2SO4 (0.00090 to 6.4 mol · kg-1), LiCl (0.026 to 6.7 mol · kg-1), and HCl (0.018 to 1.6 mol · kg-1) have been performed using two different isothermal calorimeters. The results of this work and that of three earlier calorimetric investigations and one Raman spectral investigation have been used to calculate values of the relative apparent molal enthalpies, and relative partial molal enthalpies for these electrolytes.
The role of immune checkpoint inhibitors in anaplastic thyroid cancer (Case Series)

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare type of thyroid neoplasm. However, it is one of the most aggressive forms of malignancy accounting for approximately 50% of mortality associated with all thyroid cancers. Here we report two cases of ATC treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Next generation sequencing identified BRAFV600E mutation in one of the patients who also derived benefit from BRAF targeted therapy. We here discuss these cases highlighting the importance of expert pathological review, utilizing molecular testing to identify the underlying genetic targets for personalized therapy, and the potential role of PD-1 inhibitors for the treatment of ATC.
Ecological corridors? The case of China-Pakistan economic corridor

Abstract Economic corridors are gaining global attention due to their negative impacts on the environment. The question then raised is whether these corridors could ever be considered green initiatives? It is argued here that the multi-sectoral development projects related to the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), despite potentially changing the economic portfolio of growth and development for Pakistan, can cause detrimental impacts to national ecological health. Our intervention analyses globally executed economic corridors and hints at the possible threats posed by CPEC projects to the ecological environment. Our review proposes the need to be attentive to mitigation strategies on the global standards to protect the ecosystem, wildlife, habitat and ecology of Pakistan, if these economic corridors are to be considered green initiatives.
Development and Implementation of APRN Competency Validation Tools in Four Nurse-Led Clinics in Rural East Tennessee.

Background Graduate nursing academic faculty rely heavily on clinical preceptors for mentorship and clinical practicum experiences for BSN-DNP degree-seeking family nurse practitioner (FNP) students. Thus, it is important that preceptors have documented clinical competencies to assure the delivery of quality, evidence-based practice that meets regulatory requirements prior to precepting students. Objectives The objectives of this quality improvement project were to develop and implement APRN competency validation tools (CVTs) in nurse-led clinic settings. Methods Rapid Cycle Quality Improvement (RCQI) strategies were used to develop and implement APRN CVTs. Results Three APRN CVTs were successfully developed, tested, refined, and implemented in four nurse-led clinics in rural east Tennessee. With one exception, the APRN preceptors had documentation of clinical competency prior to approval as a SPADES preceptor. Graduate academic faculty, preceptors, and students reported satisfaction with the SPADES project. Conclusion CVTs are feasible tools for documentation of validated clinical APRN preceptors' competency in nurse-led clinics. The CVTs and the medical record review checklist are available upon request from the primary author. Implications for nursing Use of APRN CVTs provides documentation that the preceptor uses evidence-based practice in the clinic setting prior to precepting students.
Changes in glenohumeral translation, electromyographic activity, and pressure-pain thresholds following sustained or oscillatory mobilizations in stiff and healthy shoulders: Results of a randomized, controlled laboratory trial

Abstract Study design Randomized Controlled Laboratory Study. Background Posterior glide glenohumeral (GH) mobilizations are utilized to improve motion and decrease pain in patients with shoulder pathologies, thought to be due to capsular stretch and neurophysiologic effects. However, it remains unclear how different GH mobilizations influence mobility, rotator cuff (RC) activity, and pain processing, or if effects are different in stiff (≥15-degree loss of passive motion in any plane) rather than healthy shoulders. Objectives To compare the effects of oscillatory and sustained posterior GH mobilizations on translation, RC activity, and pressure pain threshold (PPT) in stiff and healthy shoulders. Methods Eighty-eight participants, (44 control, 44 stiff shoulders) were randomly assigned to one of two mobilization conditions. Pre-post intervention measurements of PPT, GH translation via ultrasound imaging, and RC activity assessed via electromyography were performed. Sustained or oscillatory grade III posterior GH mobilizations were then provided to all participants. Data were analyzed using tests of difference and regression modeling. Results Sustained glides (2.8 ± 3.3 mm) demonstrated significantly greater changes in translation compared to oscillatory glides (1.1 ± 3.9 mm), p = .028. Stiff shoulders demonstrated higher total RC activity than controls both pre (+24.51%, p = .004) and post-intervention (+23.10%, p = .01). Small changes in PPT occurred across all conditions, none reaching clinically meaningful levels. Conclusion Sustained mobilizations resulted in greater changes in GH translation. RC activity was higher in the stiff shoulder group, and remained higher post-intervention despite gains in GH translation, suggesting a mechanical rather than neurophysiologic effect. There was no meaningful difference in PPT between modes of mobilization. Level of evidence Therapy, Randomized Controlled Laboratory Study, Level 1b.