cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Serial Space-Time As a New Form of National Consciousness: The Case of Lizardi's El Periquillo Sarniento (1816)

AbstractMexico's first national novel, El Periquillo Sarniento (1816) arose out of a period marked by repeatedly revoked and reinstated freedoms of the press. The instability of this situation and the severity of Colonial censorship motivated the novel's author, the journalist Jose Joaquin Lizardi, to publish his social criticisms in the form of a serialized novel. Here I will focus on how Lizardi's experimentation with this form was groundbreaking, given its exaggeration of the elements of time and space that Anderson (1983) theorizes as essential in building imagined communities. I will close with a consideration of how the innovations inherent in this hybrid form of novel and newspaper might have affected both readers and listeners in the Mexican nation-to-be.
Investigation of particulate systems using optical pathlength spectroscopy

In many industrial applications involving granular media, knowledge about the structural transformations suffered during the industrial process is desirable. Optical techniques are noninvasive, fast, and versatile tools for monitoring such transformations. We have recently introduced optical path-length spectroscopy as a new technique for random media investigation. The principle of the method is to use a partially coherent source in a Michelson interferometer, where the fields from a reference mirror and the sample are combined to obtain an interference signal. When the system under investigation is a multiple-scattering medium, by tuning the optical length of the reference arm, the optical path-length probability density of light backscattered from the sample is obtained. This distribution carries information about the structural details of the medium. In the present paper, we apply the technique of optical path-length spectroscopy to investigate inhomogeneous distributions of particulate dielectrics such as ceramics and powders. The experiments are performed on suspensions of systems with different solid loads, as well as on powders and suspensions of particles with different sizes. We show that the methodology is highly sensitive to changes in volume concentration and particle size and, therefore, it can be successfully used for real-time monitoring. In addition, the technique is fiber optic-based and has all the advantages associated with the inherent versatility.
Morphogenetics in brown, beige and white fat development

Brown and beige (or brite) fat cells are capable of evoking non-shivering thermogenesis in response to cold and β-adrenergic stimulation. By metabolizing lipids and carbohydrate via uncoupled respiration these cells directly convert energy to heat. The discovery of brown and brown-like adipocytes in adult humans has reinvigorated interest in stimulating brown and beige fat development to combat the obesity epidemic. This review focuses on the role that cytoskeleton dynamics play in the regulation of adipocyte biology, specifically beige and brown fat development and how newly discovered adipogenic morphogens affect these processes.
Jefe de jefes. Corridos y narcocultura en México

*** Premio de Musicologia Casa de las Americas 2001. Edicion de 2003. Cuba: Casa de las Americas.
Examples of algebraically realized maps

Let \(G= {\mathbb {Z}}_4\). We construct examples of G-equivariant entire rational maps from non-singular real algebraic G-varieties to Grassmannians with appropriate actions of G. These examples of strongly algebraic \({\mathbb {Z}}_4\) vector bundles facilitate a key step in the verification of Conjecture 1.1 in the general cyclic group action case.
The efficacy of intracolonic vancomycin for severe Clostridium difficile colitis: a case series

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) unresponsive to the standard treatments of metronidazole and oral vancomycin requires aggressive medical management and possible surgical intervention including colectomy. Intracolonic vancomycin therapy has been reported to be particularly promising in the setting of severe CDI in the presence of ileus. This is a descriptive case series exploring the effect of adjunctive intracolonic vancomycin therapy on the morbidity and mortality in patients with moderate to severe CDI. A retrospective chart review was conducted on 696 patients with CDI seen at a single institution. Each patient was assigned a severity score and 127 patients with moderate to severe CDI were identified. We describe the clinical presentation, risk factors and hospital course comparing those that received adjunctive intracolonic vancomycin to those that only received standard therapy. The group that received adjunctive intracolonic vancomycin had higher rates of toxic megacolon, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and colectomy, and yet maintained a similar mortality rate as the group that received only standard treatment. The intracolonic vancomycin group experienced more complications but showed a similar mortality rate to the standard therapy group, suggesting that intracolonic vancomycin may impart a protective effect. This study adds further evidence for the need of a randomized controlled study using intracolonic vancomycin as adjunctive therapy in patients presenting with severe CDI.
Running a Meeting

Most faculty abhor committee meetings, yet most decisions in an AMC are made in or influenced by a group setting. Further, groups without clear direction can be the worst place to make decisions as they may wander off in myriad directions, be hijacked by the most disruptive person, and consequently make bad decisions. Keeping people on task is essential. It involves repeatedly reminding and redefining the task at hand to the group—without talking all the time. In this chapter we suggest ways to do that and responses you might use when the group becomes derailed. We also consider ways to have the most possible influence as a group member and how to handle situations when people want to undo the work of the group after the meeting.
Internet of things-based smart classroom environment: student research abstract

The management of classrooms, halls, offices, and public spaces and the efficient use of these resources in any organization are challenging problems. With the rise of Internet of Things (IoT), the management of these resources can be automated. Methods to automatically record activities and monitor resource usage inside classrooms in real-time are usually intricate. Previously we implemented a proof-of-concept phase of the smart chair system [1], consisting of one chair, to solve the problem of resource and classroom management at small scale. In this abstract we propose a complete system consisting of ten smart chairs, by employing IoT paradigm in order to simplify classroom management, attendance tracking and classroom interaction. Taking students attendance-monitoring systems as a motivational example, instructors have to call the names of students or the students are asked to sign the attendance sheet. The former is a time consuming process, while the latter is unreliable. The proposed smart classroom system simplifies many of these tasks by utilizing indoor localization, RFID sensors, pressure sensors, Arduino microcontrollers and cloud backend. The smart chair system can automatically check whether the chair is occupied or not by using multiple sensing technologies. Moreover, student identification can be automatically performed using RFID sensors, which can read RFID tags off student identification cards. Additionally, the tardiness or leave-early information can be analyzed by exploiting the integrated timestamps. The proposed smart classroom system will identify each student, record timestamp of arrival and departure, and will generate a dynamic seat map of students in the classroom by utilizing indoor localization.
Aberrant heartworm migration to the abdominal aorta and systemic arteriolitis in a dog presenting with vomiting and hemorrhagic diarrhea

A 2-year-old Dachshund was presented for vomiting and diarrhea. Abdominal ultrasound revealed Dirofilaria immitis in the abdominal aorta and an avascular segment of small intestine. The dog was euthanized. Necropsy revealed D. immitis in the abdominal aorta and widespread necrotizing arteriolitis. This is a unique presentation of aberrant migration of D. immitis.
Current Source Digital-To-Analog Converter Design Example

Presented in this chapter is the first of a series of industrial strength design examples of increasing levels of design complexity to illustrate the methodology and to show its effectiveness. Design complexity is difficult to quantify, because there are many factors to consider, e.g, designer level of expertise, availability of tools, and aggressiveness of performance specifications desired. However, to show where our examples fit into the “big picture,” an attempt is made to rank complexity levels in Figure 9.1. Our first example, current source D/As, falls somewhere in the mid-range for analog circuits.
The Federal Sentencing Guidelines: Adopting Clear and Convincing Evidence as the Burden of Proof

In 1984 Congress passed the Sentencing Reform Act (the "Act")1 in response to the widely held view that defendants who committed similar crimes, under similar circumstances, were receiving grossly disproportionate sentences in federal courts.2 The Act established the Federal Sentencing Commission (the "Commission") to promulgate mandatory sentencing guidelines (the "Guidelines") for federal judges.3 After long debates, the Commission promulgated the Guidelines, which took effect in November 1987.4 For drug and money crimes,5 the Guidelines require a trial judge to make, at sentencing, an independent determination of the amount of contraband involved in the transaction. Additionally, the trial judge must determine whether certain aggravating or mitigating circumstances exist. The Guidelines are silent, however, as to what standard of proof the trial judge should apply in determining the actual amount of drugs or money involved or in determining whether aggravating or mitigating circumstances exist.
Australian Eco-Pax Activism

The story of Australian nonviolence is not widely-known, despite its many pioneering developments. This chapter describes chronologically a selection of significant campaigns which have radicalised nonviolence, including early direct actions against climate change, and anti-nuclear blockades which had both environmental and anti-militarism aspects.
First-Destination Outcomes at a Public Research University: Aligning Our Survey with a Set of Standards.

Comprehensive data are essential to answer questions from prospective students, parents, and private and public entities about the cost of college and students’ return on investment, as well as to demonstrate how colleges and universities are helping to prepare the future workforce. An evolutionary data-collection process, efforts to improve the distribution of results, and implications will be discussed to inform public research universities hoping to begin or refine a first-destination survey.
Pulmonary ORMDL3 is critical for induction of Alternaria-induced allergic airways disease

Background Genome-wide association studies have identified the ORM (yeast)-like protein isoform 3 ( ORMDL3 ) gene locus on human chromosome 17q to be a highly significant risk factor for childhood-onset asthma. Objective We sought to investigate in vivo the functional role of ORMDL3 in disease inception. Methods An Ormdl3 -deficient mouse was generated and the role of ORMDL3 in the generation of allergic airways disease to the fungal aeroallergen Alternaria alternata was determined. An adeno-associated viral vector was also used to reconstitute ORMDL3 expression in airway epithelial cells of Ormdl3 knockout mice. Results Ormdl3 knockout mice were found to be protected from developing allergic airways disease and showed a marked decrease in pathophysiology, including lung function and airway eosinophilia induced by Alternaria. Alternaria is a potent inducer of cellular stress and the unfolded protein response, and ORMDL3 was found to play a critical role in driving the activating transcription factor 6–mediated arm of this response through Xbp1 and downstream activation of the endoplasmic reticulum–associated degradation pathway. In addition, ORMDL3 mediated uric acid release, another marker of cellular stress. In the knockout mice, reconstitution of Ormdl3 transcript levels specifically in the bronchial epithelium resulted in reinstatement of susceptibility to fungal allergen–induced allergic airways disease. Conclusions This study demonstrates that ORMDL3 , an asthma susceptibility gene identified by genome-wide association studies, contributes to key pathways that promote changes in airway physiology during allergic immune responses.
Improving Language Containment Using Fairness Graphs

Language containment is one important approach to formal design verification. When working at a higher, more abstract level, additional unwanted behavior may be introduced in the model that can be excluded for the verification step using so-called fairness constraints. The language containment computation using Binary Decision Diagrams (BDD's) typically involves performing reachability analysis, early failure detection, and then applying a set of operators until convergence is achieved ([HTKB92]). The running time of the latter part (called the main computation) is correlated with the number of fairness constraints. In this paper, we introduce techniques which improve the efficiency of the main computation by analyzing a graph induced by the fairness constraints. This graph can be built efficiently using BDD's. We have implemented our algorithms in the verification system HSIS, and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of these ideas.
ENOblock does not inhibit the activity of the glycolytic enzyme enolase

Inhibition of glycolysis is of great potential for the treatment of cancer. However, inhibitors of glycolytic enzymes with favorable pharmacological profiles have not been forthcoming. Due to the nature of their active sites, most high-affinity transition-state analogue inhibitors of glycolysis enzymes are highly polar with poor cell permeability. A recent publication reported a novel, non-active site inhibitor of the glycolytic enzyme Enolase, termed ENOblock (N-[2-[2-2-aminoethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl]4-4-cyclohexylmethyl)amino]6-4-fluorophenyl)methyl]amino]1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]benzeneacetamide). This would present a major advance, as this is heterocyclic and fully cell permeable molecule. Here, we present evidence that ENOblock does not inhibit Enolase enzymatic activity in vitro as measured by three different assays, including a novel 31P NMR based method which avoids complications associated with optical interferences in the UV range. Indeed, we note that due to strong UV absorbance, ENOblock interferes with the direct spectrophotometric detection of the product of Enolase, phosphoenolpyruvate. Unlike established Enolase inhibitors, ENOblock does not show selective toxicity to ENO1-deleted glioma cells in culture. While our data do not dispute the biological effects previously attributed to ENOblock, they indicate that such effects must be caused by mechanisms other than direct inhibition of Enolase enzymatic activity.
The Crisis Fetish in Post-September 11 American Television

Serialized television programs airing in the mid- to late-2000s, particularly within the speculative fiction genre—such as Lost, Battlestar Galactica, and FlashForward—have summoned real-world headlines to inform themes and plots for mass viewers without necessarily conforming to real-world factions and outcomes in partisan ways that might alienate some of those viewers. Accordingly, each show offers a sustained consideration of the possibilities, limitations, and ethics of human beings trying to nourish community and combat enemies under conditions of extreme threat and precarious survival, with oblique reference to these issues’ real-world corollaries. In this way, unresolved tensions around notions of safety and choice point to traumatic fractures within post-September 11 cultural formations.
Analysis of surveillance results on human brucellosis in 2009 and 2010 in Gansu province

Objective Through analyzing the epidemic characteristics and laws of human brucellosis in Gansu province during the past two years,to provide the basis for control of the disease. Methods Using "China Information System for Diseases Control and Prevention V2.0" and survey data of human brucellosis outbreak,we calculated the incidence of brucellosis and the composition of new cases and chronic cases in 2009 and 2010, respectively, and analyzed the three distributions of the disease. Results Brucellosis incidence was 0.37 per million in 2009, and 1.7 per million in 2010. The new cases accounted for 54.6％(83/152) and 51.8％(43/83),and chronic cases were 53.3％ (81/152) and 56.6％ (47/83), respectively. About 1/3 of the counties (cities,districts) was found to be with the disease, and most cases were clustered in Hexi Corridor and Longdong area of Gansu province. There were three counties with outbreak. Time distribution of the disease was jagged. May, July,September and December were high, with September the highest. Sex ratio was 3 : 1, and mean age was 46 years old.67.7％ (159/235) of cases were farmers, followed by retired officers and herders, with a percentage of about 7％,respectively. Conclusions Epidemic of human brucellosis shows a rapidly rising trend in Gansu province. There are new patients throughout the year, and young farmers are the main victims. A high proportion of chronic brucellosis is more harmful. Strengthen the prevention and control of the disease to increase their brucellosis protective awareness. Key words: Brucellosis; Data collection; Outcome assessment
Ostracodes of the superfamilies Beyrichiacea and Drepanellacea from Middle Devonian rocks of central Ohio

Seventeen species of beyrichiacean and drepanellacean ostracodes are reported from the Middle Devonian rocks of central Ohio. Four species appear to be restricted to the Columbus Limestone and three to the Delaware Limestone. Eight species are common to both the Columbus and the Delaware and of these, three also occur in the lowermost unit of the Lower Olentangy Shale. Three new genera and eight new species are proposed. One species, Kirkbyella (Berdanella) stewartae Sohn is verbally described for the first time and Aechmina longioroidea Stewart is redescribed. The new genera are Rimabollia, Cubitosulcus and Marginisulcus with R. bella, C. typicus and M. vadosus as the respective types. Other new species include Hibbardia nodosa, Bollia aequitivelata, Bollia stewartae, Stictobollia paucifoveata and Ulrichia (Subulrichia) concinna.--Modified journal abstract
R&D Investments in the Presence of Free-Riding and Risk-Shifting Incentives: Can Debt Financing Mitigate Under-Investment?

When information is a public good, in equilibrium firms under-invest (relative to the social optimum) in acquiring it, in an attempt to free-ride on investments of other firms. When firms are financed by debt, in equilibrium equity holders invest in riskier projects, relative to the firm-optimal. The interactions between these two inefficiencies arise when risky investments are needed to acquire information that becomes a public good, e.g., as in some RD a demonstration of the value of commitment in a multi-stage game; and reflections on the importance of accounting for debt financing in predicting the effects of subsidies on R&D investments.
Interplay between thermodynamic and kinetic stabilization mechanisms in nanocrystalline Fe-Mg alloys

Abstract Mechanisms governing thermal stability of nanocrystalline metal alloys have typically been classified as either “kinetic” or “thermodynamic”, although both should generally be expected to manifest at the same time and either act constructively, or compete. The aim of this work is to present a quantitative study of thermal stability in ball-milled Fe-Mg alloys with two concurrent stabilization mechanisms at play—grain boundary segregation and Zener pinning by oxide nanoparticles—to assess their relative potency and to explore the interplay between them. To that end, we studied the alloys' configuration and attendant thermal stability by varying their composition, annealing time, temperature and atmosphere. At the mesoscale, both grain growth and oxide evolution were tracked by in-situ annealing during x-ray diffraction, as well as by electron microscopy and atom probe tomography. At the nanoscale, the local grain boundary chemistry was also probed. We discuss our results, which lie between the expectations from each separate mechanism, in terms of two primary interactions them. These results also suggest a method to control both grain and oxide precipitate size within a unified framework, and thus helps elaborate the design space for nanocrystalline alloys.
Economic reasons for forest land-use change: relevance to tropical deforestation and the carbon cycle

Many land-clearing decisions are made for economic reasons. In this study, a general model of land-use margins is used to obtain qualitative and quantitative conclusions about economic and other variables thought to influence land-use change. Geographically detailed land-use records for the state of Bihar in northeastern India are used to illustrate links between economic changes and exchanges of carbon between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere. Estimated model parameters allow (1) land-area proportions to be estimated from economic and other data, (2) the sensitivity of land area to changes in economic or other variables to be quantified, and (3) relationships between trends in economic and other variables and carbon in terrestrial ecosystems to be quantified. This case study suggests that current trends in population on the Chhotanagpur Plateau region will lead to a 23.6% net loss of carbon from its terrestrial ecosystems by the year 2000.
Preparation and characterization of PVA/nanocellulose/Ag nanocomposite films for antimicrobial food packaging

Antimicrobial packaging is an area of emerging interest and is rapidly expanding with application of nanotechnology. The present work investigates the effect of nanocellulose (NC) and Ag NPs on the physical, mechanical and thermal properties of PVA nanocomposite films. The tensile strength of PVA was improved from 5.52 ± 0.27 MPa to 12.32 ± 0.61 MPa when filled with 8 wt% of NC. Nanocomposite films exhibited strong antibacterial activity against both Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Escherichia coli (DH5-alpha). The maximum inhibition zone at 0.5 g Ag NPs with 12 wt% NC against DH5-alpha was 14 ± 0.70 mm. While, the maximum inhibition zone at 0.3 g Ag NPs for 16 wt% NC was 13.6 ± 0.68 mm against MRSA. Moreover, nanocomposites films have no cytotoxicity effect on HepG2 and cell viability was more than 90%. Based on mechanical properties and antibacterial potential of the developed nanocomposite films, it can be envisaged to use these films for packaging applications.
Design Principles for Triggerable Polymeric Amphiphiles with Mesogenic Side Chains for Multiscale Responses with Liquid Crystals

Interfacial assemblies formed by polymeric amphiphiles at aqueous interfaces of thermotropic liquid crystals (LCs) can trigger multiscale changes in the organization of the LCs in response to recognition events. However, we have a limited understanding of the rules governing the rational design of LC-integrated polymeric amphiphiles. Herein, we report the synthesis of families of amphiphilic polymers that differ in (i) side-chain molecular structure, (ii) polymer architecture, and (iii) copolymer composition. We used this library in experiments to establish structure–property relationships relevant to the design of multifunctional polymers that can amplify and transduce biomolecular recognition events into optically detectable, macroscopic ordering transitions in LCs. We then utilized these structure–property relationships to guide the design of a peptide–polymer amphiphile (PPA) that assembles at the interface of LC droplets. Enzymatic cleavage of PPA-coated LC droplets by thermolysin directly triggered ...
The Effect of Ethical Leadership on Bribing and Favoritism: A Field Research Study

Corruption has many negative consequences for democratic society. Despite the widespread development and implementation of legal and administrative mechanisms to fight it, corruption persists in Am...
Approaches to Monitoring Human Populations for Mutation Rates and Genetic Disease

Anxiety concerning the genetic effects of chemical mutagens in the environment and in food, of radiation, and of infectious agents is widespread. It is the responsibility of human geneticists and those with allied interests to obtain hard data on these effects so that wise decisions can be made and sensible actions taken. It is not sufficient to limit studies to experimental animals and then extrapolate the results to man. Species may differ in their susceptibilities to mutagenic agents, rates and mechanisms of repair may differ among species, and the data on experimental organisms may be obtained only years after human exposures have been initiated. While model studies must be expanded and extended, the overriding concern is with man himself, and with the effect of current insults. Hence every effort must be expended to obtain reliable human data. No experimental animal population can be a satisfactory indicator in real time of the sum total of the panoply of potential mutagens to which man is subject.
The Electronic Decay of Core Hole Excited States in Free and Chemisorbed Molecules

The electronic decay spectra of neutral and ionic core hole excited states in free and chemisorbed molecules are discussed. A detailed analysis of these spectra reveals the static and dynamic charge distributions and rearrangements around the atomic center where the core hole was created.
Resistance and Disruption: Women at the University of Michigan–Flint 1956–1966

The Flint College of the University of Michigan opened in 1956. In the home of General Motors, many residents saw little need for a college education when good jobs in the auto industry were readil...
Human Factors Design in the Clinical Environment: Development and Assessment of an Interface for Visualizing Emergency Medicine Clinician Workload

Understanding and managing clinician workload is important both for the occupational health of clinicians and for the safety of patients. This study describes the integration of a new display conce...
Answer to February 2017 Photo Quiz.

Answer: Plasmodium falciparum infection with hyperparasitemia. Plasmodium falciparum can be differentiated from other Plasmodium species on blood smear by the absence of forms other than ring trophozoites and/or the presence of rarely observed banana-shaped gametocytes. However, morphologically, P.
Identifying Racialized Design to Cultivate a Culture of Awareness in Design

(2019). Identifying Racialized Design to Cultivate a Culture of Awareness in Design. The Design Journal: Vol. 22, Running with Scissors: 13th International Conference of the European Academy of Design, Dundee, 10-12th April, 2019, edited by Louise Valentine, Joanna Bletcher and Leon Cruickshank, pp. 1399-1407.
Chromatin Assembly Factor 1 (CAF-1) facilitates the establishment of facultative heterochromatin during pluripotency exit.

Establishment and subsequent maintenance of distinct chromatin domains during embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation are crucial for lineage specification and cell fate determination. Here we show that the histone chaperone Chromatin Assembly Factor 1 (CAF-1), which is recruited to DNA replication forks through its interaction with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) for nucleosome assembly, participates in the establishment of H3K27me3-mediated silencing during differentiation. Deletion of CAF-1 p150 subunit impairs the silencing of many genes including Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog as well as the establishment of H3K27me3 at these gene promoters during ESC differentiation. Mutations of PCNA residues involved in recruiting CAF-1 to the chromatin also result in defects in differentiation in vitro and impair early embryonic development as p150 deletion. Together, these results reveal that the CAF-1-PCNA nucleosome assembly pathway plays an important role in the establishment of H3K27me3-mediated silencing during cell fate determination.
A 19-year retrospective analysis of venous thromboembolism trends in chemotherapy-induced anemia: Red blood cell transfusion versus erythrocyte stimulating agent administration

Abstract Background Chemotherapy-induced anemia (CIA) contributes to poor patient outcomes and increased mortality. Prompt and effective treatment of CIA is essential to prevent fewer chemotherapy dose delays and reductions. Optimal therapy of CIA involves intravenous iron, red blood cell (RBC) transfusions, and erythrocyte stimulating agents (ESAs). Despite the baseline coagulopathies present in patients with malignancy, administration of both RBC transfusions and ESAs is independently associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE). It remains unknown whether the risk of VTE in patients with CIA is greater among patients who receive RBC transfusions or ESAs and whether or not this risk is consistent across gender and age. Methods A retrospective study analyzed 13,334 patients with various malignancies who developed CIA between 1998-2017. Using multivariate Cox regression, we determined adjusted hazard ratios (and corresponding 95% confidence intervals) of VTE development after controlling for RBC and ESA intervention (within 90 days after CIA diagnosis). Data was then stratified by gender and age ( Results Among the 13,334 patients with CIA, 2,620 (19.7%) developed a VTE. Despite stratification by gender, VTE risk following RBC transfusion was approximately four-fold the VTE risk following ESA administration (Table). Among patients with CIA who were Table: 106P . Treatment and outcomes within 90 days following CIA diagnosis No treatment RBC only ESA only RBC and ESA Patients with VTE (All Patients) 2028 (10,948) 538 (1,892) 42 (368) 12 (126) 18.5% 28.4% (HR = 2.18, 95% CI 1.98-2.39, p 11.4% (HR = 0.55, 95% CI 0.42-0.72, p 9.5% Men with VTE (All male patients) 970 (5428) 269 (917) 21 (182) 5 (61) 17.9% 29.3% (HR = 2.33, 95% CI (2.04-2.67, p 11.5% (HR = 0.55, 95% CI (0.37-0.81, p = 0.002) 8.3% Women with VTE (All female patients) 1058 (5519) 269 (975) 21 (186) 7 (65) 19.2% 27.6% (HR = 2.04, 95% CI (1.79-2.33), p 11.3% (HR = 0.56, 95% CI (0.38-0.81), p = 0.002) 10.8% Conclusions Among patients with CIA, there is an approximate four-fold increased risk of VTE development with RBC transfusion as compared with ESA administration. Legal entity responsible for the study The authors. Funding Has not received any funding. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
From Offline to Online: Challenges and Opportunities for Entrepreneurship Education Following the COVID-19 Pandemic

Without question, the global spread of COVID-19 poses a challenge to the higher education landscape at a magnitude we have not seen since the emergence of technology supported and online instructio...
Effect of Moderate Intensity Exercise on Body Composition Measurements

The purpose was to determine the effect of 30-minutes of moderate intensity (45–55% of heart rate reserve) on post-exercise (PE) body composition (BC) measurements. Pre-exercise (PreE) BC measureme...
Abstract WP448: Shorter Intensive Care Unit Stay (12 Hours) Post Thrombolysis is Safe and Reduces Length of Stay for Minor Stroke Patients

Background and Purpose: Acute Stroke Patients treated with intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) require intensive care unit (ICU) monitoring for 24 hours post-treatment due to risk o...
A Rare Case of Tropical Pyomysitis Acquired on Vacation in a Healthy Male.

Introduction Pyomyositis has traditionally been considered a tropical disease. Increasing prevalence has been observed in more northern climates, especially with HIV, immunosuppression, and IV drug abuse as predisposing factors. Pyomyositis has the tendency to mimic other conditions, such as muscle contusion, necrotizing fasciitis, or septic arthritis. The rarity of this disease and non-specificity of its symptoms often lead to delay in appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Case 24-year-old man, seen 2 days prior in orthopedics clinic and the Emergency Department for persistent gluteal pain thought to be due to right-sided sciatica, was admitted following worsening pain, diffuse generalized weakness with polyarthralgias and myalgias These symptoms were associated with night sweats, shaking chills, and difficulty walking. Prior to onset of symptoms, the patient vacationed in Cayman Islands and experienced a stingray bite on his right hand as well as numerous cuts on rocks in stagnant waters. He was febrile with WBC count of 18.7 K/ μL and was found to have methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA); bacteremia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); of his lumbar spine on admission was unremarkable. Repeat MRI 4 days later showed extensive inflammation within musculature with multiple abscesses around right sciatic foramen and septic arthritis of the sacroiliac joint. The patient was subsequently diagnosed with MSSA septic polyarthritis and required several orthopedic procedures. Infectious and oncologic work up was unremarkable. Transesophageal echocardiogram showed 0.3 cm x 0.5 cm aortic valve vegetation, which was managed medically. Repeat MRI 11 days after initiation of appropriate antibiotics and surgeries showed improvement in muscular edema. Based on the MSSA susceptibilities, the patient was treated with 6 weeks of intravenous cefazolin and 2 weeks of oral cephalexin thereafter. Discussion Awareness of tropical pyomyositis in colder climates remains scarce, although cases have been reported in immunosuppressed patients. However, in healthy patients, accurate history of travel and trauma is important in evaluation for predisposing factors for pyomyositis. Early antibiotic and appropriate surgical interventions are imperative for management of this disease in order to prevent systemic toxicity, dissemination of infection, and long-term debility.
U.S. Empire and an Immigrant’s Counternarrative: Conceptualizing Imperial Privilege:

U.S. teacher education has largely overlooked a sociopolitical-historical context that affects both immigrants and nonimmigrants: American empire. To address the pressing need for teacher education...
Selenium‐binding protein 1 alters energy metabolism in prostate cancer cells

OBJECTIVE The broad goal of the research described in this study was to investigate the contributions of selenium-binding protein 1 (SBP1) loss in prostate cancer development and outcome. METHODS SBP1 levels were altered in prostate cancer cell lines and the consequences on oxygen consumption, expression of proteins associated with energy metabolism, and cellular transformation and migration were investigated. The effects of exposing cells to the SBP1 reaction products, H2 O2 and H2 S were also assessed. In silico analyses identified potential HNF4α binding sites within the SBP1 promoter region and this was investigated using an inhibitor specific for that transcription factor. RESULTS Using in silico analyses, it was determined that the promoter region of SBP1 contains putative binding sites for the HNF4α transcription factor. The potential for HNF4α to regulate SBP1 expression was supported by data indicating that HNF4α inhibition resulted in a dose-response increase in the levels of SBP1 messenger RNA and protein, identifying HNF4α as a novel negative regulator of SBP1 expression in prostate cancer cells. The consequences of altering the levels of SBP1 were investigated by ectopically expressing SBP1 in PC-3 prostate cancer cells, where SBP1 expression attenuated anchorage-independent cellular growth and migration in culture, both properties associated with transformation. SBP1 overexpression reduced oxygen consumption in these cells and increased the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a major regulator of energy homeostasis. In addition, the reaction products of SBP1, H2 O2 , and H2 S also activated AMPK. CONCLUSIONS Based on the obtained data, it is hypothesized that SBP1 negatively regulates oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in the healthy prostate cells by the production of H2 O2 and H2 S and consequential activation of AMPK. The reduction of SBP1 levels in prostate cancer can occur due to increased binding of HNF4α, acting as a transcriptional inhibitor to the SBP1 promoter. Consequently, there is a reduction in H2 O2 and H2 S-mediated signaling, inhibition of AMPK, and stimulation of OXPHOS and building blocks of biomolecules needed for tumor growth and progression. Other effects of SBP1 loss in tumor cells remain to be discovered.
Towards Spatial Variability Aware Deep Neural Networks (SVANN): A Summary of Results.

Spatial variability has been observed in many geo-phenomena including climatic zones, USDA plant hardiness zones, and terrestrial habitat types (e.g., forest, grasslands, wetlands, and deserts). However, current deep learning methods follow a spatial-one-size-fits-all(OSFA) approach to train single deep neural network models that do not account for spatial variability. In this work, we propose and investigate a spatial-variability aware deep neural network(SVANN) approach, where distinct deep neural network models are built for each geographic area. We evaluate this approach using aerial imagery from two geographic areas for the task of mapping urban gardens. The experimental results show that SVANN provides better performance than OSFA in terms of precision, recall,and F1-score to identify urban gardens.
Tumor lysis syndrome risk in outpatient versus inpatient administration of venetoclax and hypomethlators for acute myeloid leukemia

Venetoclax along with hypomethylating agents (HMAs) is the new standard therapy for older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) not fit for intensive frontline induction chemotherapy. Venetoclax is associated with fatal episodes of tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and recommendations are for its initiation for CLL and AML in the inpatient setting with close monitoring. Herein, we evaluated the safety of outpatient venetoclax ramp up when given in addition to HMAs for the treatment of AML. We conducted a retrospective review of patients diagnosed with AML at our institution from 12/1/2016 until 7/1/2020. We identified patients who received HMAs and venetoclax for AML, either as frontline or relapsed/refractory therapy. Records were reviewed for evidence of laboratory or clinical tumor lysis episodes in all patients. Between 12/1/2016 and 7/1/2020 43, patients at our institution received venetoclax/HMA for the treatment of AML. Thirty-nine patients (91%) had venetoclax initiation and ramp up in the outpatient setting. One episode of laboratory TLS (2.5%) was identified. This patient required admission to the hospital for rasburicase and IV fluids with resolution of the laboratory effects without resultant clinical TLS. There were no episodes of clinical TLS in either group. Thirty-day mortality from venetoclax initiation was 0% in both groups. Our experience with HMAs and venetoclax showed that outpatient ramp up of venetoclax is safe with a very low risk of laboratory TLS (2.5%) and no evidence of clinical TLS within our cohort.
'This Wearisome Analysis'--The Clear and Present Danger Test from Schenck to Brandenburg

From its humble early beginnings in three 1919 cases, Schenck, Frohwerk, and Debs, the clear and present danger test provided little actual protection to the free speech of the defendants in those cases. But even in these three early cases, the suggestion that the First Amendment might provide any protection to speech other than preventing prior restraints was significant. The clear and present danger test gathered a little momentum in the 1919 dissenting opinions of Justices Holmes and Brandeis in Abrams. Most of that momentum was lost in 1925 in Gitlow v. New York, but regained two years later in the concurring opinion of Justice Brandeis in Whitney. Only in De Jonge v. Oregon and Herndon v. Lowry, eighteen years after Schenck, did the clear and present danger test even arguably appear to protect speech. Dennis savaged the test in 1951 before the test gradually began disappearing. Then, remarkably, the test gained a new life in 1969 under the rubric of “incitement” in Brandenburg v. Ohio. Perhaps, the oddest part of the story of the clear and present danger test is how the threat of the test in Roth v. United States led to the development of the modern test for the protection of obscene speech. The test for a period of time was the all-purpose free speech test and even used in time, place, and manner cases and other cases far removed from actual incitement. In 1940, the Court in Thornhill v. Alabama applied it to a law regulating picketing, “But no clear and present danger of destruction of life or property, or invasion of the right of privacy, or breach of the peace can be thought to be inherent in the activities of every person who approaches the premises of an employer and publicizes the facts of a labor dispute involving the latter.” The test in Bridges v. California was also important in limiting judicial power to punish dissenting voices, but Bridges and is progeny did not become the more powerful clear and present danger test that it had first seemed that it might be. Dennis v. United States so weakened the proximity requirement of the clear and present danger test with regard to even the remotest threat to important interest, which in and of itself might have contributed to the demise of the test. Brandenburg v. Ohio in 1969 revised the test using many of the historically most protective elements of the test, which might have saved the test for another generation but for the fact that the test was soon far outstripped by the concurrently developing compelling state interest test. The clear and present danger test, to the degree that it still exists, is a shadow of itself, but its forerunner status in protecting speech against subsequent punishments may have contributed to the stellar protection that the compelling state interest now provides to the First Amendment.
A systematic review of outcomes after thermal and nonthermal partial prostate ablation

Abstract We sought to compare oncologic and functional outcomes between thermal and nonthermal energy partial gland ablation (PGA) modalities. We conducted comprehensive, structured literature searches, and 39 papers, abstracts, and presentations met the inclusion criteria of pre-PGA magnetic resonance imaging, oncologic outcomes of at least 6 months, and systematic biopsies after PGA. Twenty-six studies used thermal ablation: high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), cryotherapy, focal laser ablation, or radiofrequency ablation. In-field recurrence rates ranged from 0 to 36% for HIFU, 6 to 24% for cryotherapy, 4 to 50% for focal laser ablation, and 20 to 25% for radiofrequency ablation. Twelve studies used nonthermal technologies of focal brachytherapy, vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy, or irreversible electroporation. Focal brachytherapy had the lowest reported failure rate of 8%, vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy had >30% positive in-field biopsies, and irreversible electroporation had in-field recurrence rates of 12–35%. PGA was well tolerated, and nearly all patients returned to baseline urinary function 12 months later. Most modalities caused transient decreases in erectile function. Persistent erectile dysfunction was highest in patients who underwent HIFU. Although oncologic outcomes vary between treatment modalities, systematic review of existing data demonstrates that PGA is a safe treatment option for patients with localized prostate cancer.
Cardiovascular Risk Factors Affect Specific Segments of the Intracranial Vasculature in High-Resolution (HR) Vessel Wall Imaging (VWI).

Abstract Objectives Luminal-based imaging have identified different risk factors for extracranial and intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS), but these techniques are known to underestimate the true extent of the disease. High-resolution (HR) vessel wall imaging (VWI) has recently gained recognition as a valuable tool in the assessment of ICAS. The aim of this study is to determine the association between cardiovascular risk factors and specific intracranial vessel segment involvement using HR-VWI. Materials and methods From January 2017 to January 2020, consecutive patients ≥ 18 years-old undergoing HR-VWI of the brain were identified. Patients with history of primary or secondary vasculitis, reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome, or moya-moya were excluded. The presence of vessel wall thickening and enhancement were assessed in the perpendicular plane for each vessel segment by two neuroradiologists. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess associations between imaging findings and cardiovascular risk factors. Interrater reliability was calculated. Results Seventy-one patients (39 men; mean age: 55.9 years) were included. Vessel wall enhancement was seen in 39/71 (55%). A total number of 105 vessel segments demonstrated abnormal enhancement and 79/105 (75%) had an eccentric pattern. Eccentric vessel wall enhancement was independently associated with age >65 years-old in the ICA (OR 9.0, CI 2.1 – 38.2, p Conclusion There is a significant association between eccentric vessel wall enhancement of the ICA and proximal MCA in patients with age > 65; and of the proximal posterior circulation (basilar - PCA1) with hyperlipidemia.
Shipboard Measurements of Surface Flux and Near Surface Profiles and Surface Flux Parameterization

Abstract : The long-term goal of this project is to understand the effects of surface waves on the structure of the marine atmospheric surface layer and surface flux parameterizations under a broad range of wind-wave conditions. This project is part of the High Resolution Wave-Air-Sea Interaction research initiative (HiRes). The objectives of this project are to characterize low-level atmospheric wind and thermodynamic profiles and variations, to understand oceanic and atmospheric large scale forcing that affects boundary layer properties and the role of measured wave field in modifying atmospheric surface fluxes. Our work within this project consists of three parts: measurements, the subsequent data analyses, and mesoscale model evaluation/improvements. The ship-based (Sproul R/V) measurement efforts include high-rate sampling of the turbulent field for direct covariance flux measurements, continuous sampling of the low-level wind profiles by the ship-based acoustic Sodar, rawinsonde measurements of the troposphere, a suite of mean variables for quantifying the low-level thermodynamic and dynamic fields, downward radiation, and sea surface temperature measurements. The data analyses focus on the low-level surface layer properties and surface flux parameterization involving sea state parameters. In the current report we compare turbulence measurements from SPROUL R/V and FLIP R/P in the time periods when these two measurement platforms were within a short distance to each other. Qing Wang is responsible for the overall project. Mr. Richard J. Lind worked on instrument preparation, calibration, and data sampling. Dr. John Kalogiros, an external research associate from National Observatory of Athens, Greece, worked on the data analyses.