cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Charged Higgs search via AW±/HW± channel

Models of electroweak symmetry breaking with extended Higgs sectors are theoretically well motivated. In this study, we focus on models with a low energy spectrum containing a pair of charged scalars H ±, as well as a light scalar H and/or a pseudoscalar A. We study the H ± tb associated production with H ± → AW ± /HW ±, which could reach sizable branching fractions in certain parameter regions. With detailed collider analysis, we obtain the exclusion bounds as well as discovery reach at the 14 TeV LHC for the process pp → H ± tb → AW ± tb/HW ± tb → ττbbWW, bbbbWW. We find that for a daughter particle mass of 70 GeV, the 95% C.L. exclusion reach in σ × BR varies from about 60 fb to 25 fb, for m H ± ranging from 150 GeV to 500 GeV with 300 fb−1 integrated luminosity in the τ τ mode. We further interpret these bounds in the context of Type II Two Higgs Doublet Model. The exclusion region in the m H ± − tan β plane can be extended to m H ± = 600 GeV, while discovery is possible for m H ± ≲ 400 GeV with 300 fb−1 integrated luminosity. The exotic decay mode H ± → AW ± /HW ± offers a complementary channel to the conventional mode H ± → τν for charged Higgs searches.
Optimizing the diagnosis and therapy of Barrett’s esophagus

The incidence of Barrett’s esophagus (BE) in the Western world has increased over the last decades. BE is considered a premalignant lesion that can progress to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), a highly aggressive malignancy with poor survival rates. The close association between BE and EAC highlights the need for an early diagnosis in order to improve survival and outcomes in this group of patients. Although the evidence for BE screening with conventional endoscopy is controversial and limited by cost-effectiveness studies, screening can be suggested in patients with chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and two or more risk factors for EAC. Less invasive techniques with lower costs and higher acceptability by the patients may be useful for screening in the general population. Several novel techniques have been described to aid in the early diagnosis and management of BE and dysplasia. However, these techniques have shown variable results with higher costs, the need of specific training, and variable inter-observer imaging interpretation, making its widespread implementation problematic. High-definition/high-resolution white-light endoscopy (WLE) continues to be a well-accepted technique for the evaluation and surveillance of patients with BE. Further studies are required in order to establish the efficacy of less invasive methods that can be performed in an outpatient setting for BE screening in higher risk individuals.
Impact Fault Detection for Linear Vapor Compressor Using RISE Observer

In some applications, an indicator is needed for sudden system state changes, where the direct measurement of the system states is neither possible nor practical. In this brief, it is shown that the error of robust integral of the sign of the error observer can be used as an indicator of sudden system state changes. The application of this method for collision detection in a linear vapor compressor is investigated. Linear vapor compressors are becoming more widely utilized in cooling appliances, such as household refrigerators and portable coolers due to their high efficiency. The fact that the piston is free in a linear vapor compressor allows for the possibility of collisions between the compressor piston and other components of the linear vapor compressor within the compression chamber. Sensorless crash detection is preferred for purposes of reliability, ease of production, and cost effectiveness. For this purpose, a novel head crash detection scheme applying a nonlinear observer is developed. This scheme not only detects all head crashes accurately, but also provides an indicator proportional to the piston velocity at the time of impact. This indicator can be used to estimate how much the force command needs to be reduced to prevent further collision. A set of simulation and experimental test results validate the performance of the head crash detection scheme.
Postanesthesia Care Unit (PACU)

You are called to evaluate a 4-year-old healthy child who is in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) and in severe pain after orthopedic surgery. You will need to answer questions as to how to evaluate a patient in pain in the PACU and the options available to control such pain. Regional analgesia vs. systemic analgesics are discussed. Issues concerning cardiopulmonary stability are reviewed in additional questions. Other issues confronting you are nausea and persistent vomiting in an adolescent female.
Current Role of Active Surveillance in the Management of a Small Renal Mass.

Renal cell carcinoma accounts for 3–4% of adult malignant neoplasms and over 65,000 new cases of kidney cancer were diagnosed in the USA in 2013 [1, 2]. Widespread use of abdominal imaging is leading to an increased incidence in the detection of small renal masses (SRMs) among other causes [1–4]. In light of recent literature on the role of percutaneous renal mass biopsy and retrospective data analysis, surveillance for renal masses ≤4 cm is likely to become more common especially in patients with less aggressive pathology, advanced age and multiple medical comorbidities.
Triaminoborane-bridged diphosphine complexes with Ni and Pd: coordination chemistry, structures, and ligand-centered reactivity

The synthesis, coordination chemistry, and reactivity of two diphosphines containing the cyclic triaminoborane 1,8,10,9-triazaboradecalin (TBD) are described. To evaluate the ligand-centered reactivity of PhTBDPhos and iPrTBDPhos, the complexes (PhTBDPhos)MCl2 and (iPrTBDPhos)MCl2, where M = Ni and Pd, were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, multinuclear NMR spectroscopy (1H, 13C, 31P, and 11B), and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD). Despite very low boron Lewis acidity in the TBD backbone, (PhTBDPhos)NiCl2 (1) and (PhTBDPhos)PdCl2 (3) react with H2O, alcohols, and hydrated fluoride reagents in the presence of NEt3 to yield trans H–O or H–F addition across the bridgehead N–B bond. In contrast, iPrTBDPhos shows no appreciable reactivity when bound to NiCl2 (2) and PdCl2 (4), which is attributed to the sterically-bulky isopropyl substituents blocking substrate access to boron in the TBD backbone. The new complexes {[(PhTBDPhos-H2O)Ni]2(μ-OH)2}Cl2 (5), {[(PhTBDPhos-H2O)Pd]2(μ-OH)2}Cl2 (6), (PhTBDPhos-MeOH)NiCl2 (7), (PhTBDPhos-MeOH)PdCl2 (8), (PhTBDPhos-C3H5OH)PdCl2 (9), and {[(PhTBDPhos-HF)Ni]2(μ-OH)2}Cl2 (10) were isolated, and all but 6 were structurally characterized by single-crystal XRD. Multinuclear NMR studies revealed that isolated, crystallographically-authenticated samples of 5–9 lose ligand-bound water or alcohol with reappearance of starting materials 1 and 3 when dissolved in NMR solvents. Addition of NEt3 attenuated the water and alcohol loss from 5–9 to allow 1H, 13C, 31P, and 11B NMR data to be collected for all the compounds, confirming the determined structures. Additional reactivity experiments with NaOMe and fluoride reagents suggested that participation of the bridgehead nitrogen in the TBD backbone is important for promoting reactivity at boron when PhTBDPhos is bound to Ni and Pd. The term “cooperative ligand-centered reactivity” (CLR) is proposed to define chemical reactions that appear to require participation of more than one atom on the ligand, such as those reported here.
Subversive Intent: Gender, Politics, and the Avant-Garde

Prologue - playing and modernity: pleasures of theory metapolylogue - on playing and modernity. Part 1 A double margin - woman writers and the avant-garde in France: of margins and avant-gardes the Surrealist subject women in the history of Surrealism. Part 2 Aggressions and counteraggressions - readability in avant-garde fiction: reading and rupture Robbe-Grillet, or, the readability of transgression Maurice Roche - paradigm lost and found self-reflexive afterthought. Part 3 Reading Robbe-Grillet - sadism and text in project pour une revolution a New York. Part 4 Transgression and the avant-garde - Bataille's "Histoire de l'oeil": pornography as textuality pornography as "Reality" feminist poetics and the pornographic imagination. Part 5 Love stories - women, madness, and narrative: mastery and transference - the significance of "Dora" Breton, Charcot, and the spectacle of female otherness Duras/Lucan - not knowing as entanglement. Part 6 The politics and poetics of female eroticism: equal rights, or, telling it with four-letter words celebrating difference, or, writing (and reading) otherwise dreaming beyond the number two. Part 7 Feminist intertextuality and the laugh of the mother: parody and politics parody, perversion, collage - Surrealists at play daughers playing - some feminist rewritings and the mother "The Hearing Trumpet" - Marian Leatherby and the holy grail the laugh of the mother. Part 8 Feminism and postmodernism - in lieu of an ending: une histoire bien postmoderne discourses on the postmodern and the emergence of feminist postmodernism opposition in Babel? the political status of postmodern intertextuality to market, to market - oppositional art in mass culture of cyborgs and (other) "Women" - the politics of decentered subjects.
Childcare Providers’ Possession or Use of Marijuana, Tobacco, or Alcohol While Caring for Children: A Comparison of US State Regulations

Objectives. To evaluate US state regulations regarding marijuana, tobacco, and alcohol to determine the extent to which states attempt to govern these substances in early care and education (ECE) settings.Methods. Two independent reviewers assessed regulations enacted by December 2016 for all states and the District of Columbia. Reviewers compared regulations to national standards on the possession or use of marijuana, tobacco, and alcohol in ECE settings.Results. Fewer states regulated marijuana than tobacco or alcohol in ECE settings. More states restricted the use of these 3 substances than they restricted the possession of them.Conclusions. Most states address alcohol or tobacco possession or use in their regulations but should consider updating these provisions to align with national standards.Public Health Implications. Updating and strengthening state childcare regulations regarding marijuana, tobacco, and alcohol possession and use may help protect children in ECE settings, where many children spe...
Relationship Between Student Perception of School Worthiness and Demographic Factors

In an era when education is supposed to be means for good jobs and linked to extrinsic values such as fame and money, students are losing interest in school education. The goal of this research is to see if there is any correlation between the students’ views of school worthiness and schoolwork, and demographic variables. Our hypothesis is that several key demographics involving diversity, income, and education will affect how students view school and its importance. Results show that there is no correlation between the demographic variables we analyzed and the student perception of school worthiness.
The Safety Net: Applying Coram Nobis Law to Prevent the Execution of the Innocent

The article argues that there is a crisis of erroneous capital sentencing and that the insufficiency of alternative remedies makes the common law writ of “coram nobis” an overlooked and effective legal procedure when arguably exculpatory evidence is discovered after trial. It reviews the history and current use of coram nobis, both nationwide and particularly in Tennessee. Tennessee is a useful case study because it has the highest percentage of death penalty sentences reversed due to serious error. The article asserts as a legal standard for relief a finding of “reasonable probability” that the newly discovered evidence would have changed the initial trial outcome. It compares this approach to the approach taken in some other states and in the federal system, and raises policy concerns arguing for the “reasonable probability” approach.
Insertion of a Rigid Structural Element into the Regulatory Domain of the Chloroplast F1-ATPase Gamma Subunit for Rotational Studies

A two-step PCR approach was developed to insert the repressor of primer (Rop) DNA sequence into the ATP synthase gamma subunit DNA sequence that encodes a regulatory dithiol-containing domain. The construct was intended to lengthen the rotational arm of the gamma subunit for detailed studies of the rotational kinetics of attached nanoparticles. The PCR utilized unusually long (> 100 base pairs each) primers encoding a single site within a pACYC multiple cloning host vector. This approach avoided shortcomings such as inclusion or omission of base pairs associated with traditional sub-cloning methods by direct insertion of large pieces of DNA into a host DNA molecule without introducing restriction enzyme sites. The rigid helical structure of the Rop protein is expected to extend the regulatory domain of the gamma subunit by approximately 60 Angstroms beyond the rotational axis of the hexameric F1 to afford a more detailed study of the rotational process. The gamma construct was expressed and assembled with recombinant alpha and beta subunits into a core F1-ATPase that exhibited wild type catalytic activity, normal sensitivity to the redox state of the regulatory dithiol of the gamma subunit, but loss of sensitivity to the inhibitory epsilon subunit.
Sleep moderates the relationship between amyloid beta and memory recall.

Abstract Amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, although Aβ alone may be insufficient to cause impairments. Modifiable health factors, including sleep, may mitigate functional symptoms of neurodegeneration. We assessed whether sleep moderated the relationship between Aβ and cognitive performance in 41 older adults, mean age 83 years. Sleep measures included actigraphy-assessed wake after sleep onset and total sleep time. Cognitive performance was assessed with memory recall, cognitive flexibility, and verbal fluency. Memory recall was assessed with the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure task, cognitive flexibility with the Trail Making test, and verbal fluency with FAS word generation. Aβ was assessed with a global measure of Pittsburgh Compound B. Wake after sleep onset moderated the relationship between Aβ and memory, with a stronger positive association for Aβ and forgetting in those with poorer sleep. These results suggest a possible protective role of sleep in preclinical Alzheimer's disease.
Epidemiologic challenges in norovirus vaccine development.

Norovirus is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) worldwide. In the United States norovirus is estimated to cause 19–21 million illnesses, 1.7–1.9 million outpatient visits, 56,000–71,0...
Pregaming: A Field-Based Investigation of Alcohol Quantities Consumed Prior to Visiting a Bar and Restaurant District

Background: Investigations examining the association between pregaming, or the consumption of alcohol prior to attending a social gathering or drinking establishment, and blood alcohol concentratio...
Formulation of Entropy-Stable schemes for the multicomponent compressible Euler equations

Abstract In this work, Entropy-Stable (ES) schemes are formulated for the multicomponent compressible Euler equations. Entropy-conservative (EC) and ES fluxes are derived. Particular attention is paid to the limit case of zero partial densities where the structure required by ES schemes breaks down (the entropy variables are no longer defined). It is shown that while an EC flux is well-defined in this limit, a well-defined upwind ES flux requires appropriately averaged partial densities in the dissipation matrix. A similar result holds for the high-order TecNO reconstruction. However, this does not prevent the numerical solution from developing negative partial densities or internal energy. Numerical experiments were performed on one-dimensional and two-dimensional interface and shock-interface problems. The present scheme exactly preserves stationary interfaces. On moving interfaces, it produces spurious pressure oscillations typically observed with conservative schemes (Karni, 1994). We find that these anomalies, which are not present in the single-component case, violate neither entropy stability nor a minimum principle of the specific entropy. Finally, we show that the scheme is able to reproduce the physical mechanisms of the two-dimensional shock-bubble interaction problem (Haas and Sturtevant, 1987; Quirk and Karni, 1996).
Association between musk antibody concentrations and the myasthenia gravis composite score in 3 patients: A marker of relapse?

Introduction Muscle-specific tyrosine kinase (MuSK) autoantibody related myasthenia gravis is characterized by bulbar and respiratory manifestations, a poor response to anticholinergics, and a generally good response to plasma exchange and rituximab. It is not known if MuSK-antibody (Ab) levels could be used to predict the clinical course Methods: Three patients for whom frequent long-term monitoring of MuSK-Ab levels and the Myasthenia Gravis Composite (MGC) scores were performed are described. Results A close relationship existed between the MuSK-Ab concentrations and the MGC score. Furthermore, a rise in Ab concentration preceded a more serious clinical relapse in all patients Conclusions: These findings suggest that MuSK-Ab concentrations may be a useful biomarker for the long-term monitoring of MuSK myasthenia gravis, particularly while in clinical remission. This may allow preemptive escalation of therapy to prevent clinical relapse, and conversely permitting greater weaning of unnecessary immunosuppression. Muscle Nerve, 2019.
Heterocycle annulation of enolizable vinyl quinone imides. Dihydroquinolines and quinolines from thermal 6pi-electrocyclizations and indoles from photochemical cyclizations.

Enolizable vinyl quinone mono- and diimide substrates yield protected 6-hydroxy and 6-amino dihydroquinolines by thermal electrocyclization. Aromatization provides the corresponding quinolines in q...
Baseline MRI associates with later naming status in primary progressive aphasia

Abstract Advanced imaging studies in neurodegenerative disease have yielded new insights into subtypes of disease, progression of disease in various brain regions, and changes in structural and functional connectivity between brain regions related to symptom progression. However, few studies have revealed imaging markers at baseline that correlate with rate or degree of decline in function. Here we tested the hypothesis that imaging features at baseline correlate with outcome of naming in primary progressive aphasia. We obtained longitudinal multimodal imaging in 15 individuals with primary progressive aphasia at the same time points as assessment of naming. We found that functional connectivity between particular brain regions (measured with resting state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging) is strongly associated with accuracy of naming 21 months later, independently of baseline severity of naming impairment. These data indicate that functional connectivity may carry information about later performance in naming, and is potentially useful for refining prognosis.
Ischemic Cerebral Endothelial Cell–Derived Exosomes Promote Axonal Growth

Background and Purpose: Cerebral endothelial cells (CECs) and axons of neurons interact to maintain vascular and neuronal homeostasis and axonal remodeling in normal and ischemic brain, respectivel...
Introverts as Leaders: How Involvement in a Professional Learning Community Can Facilitate Development of Skills

An academic describes her journey as an introvert taking on multiple leadership roles within various institutions and professional organizations. Reflections depict her ability to compensate for characteristics of introversion that do not fit within set institutional leadership templates which are heavily formed by features of extroversion. Along with her compensation skills, she credits formative support from inspirational mentors and involvement in professional learning communities to her success as a leader.
First clinical implementation of GammaTile permanent brain implants after FDA clearance.

Abstract Purpose GammaTile cesium-131 (131Cs) permanent brain implant has received Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clearance as a promising treatment for certain brain tumors. Our center was the first institution in the United States after FDA clearance to offer the clinical use of GammaTile brachytherapy outside of a clinical trial. The purpose of this work is to aid the medical physicist and radiation oncologist in implementing this collagen carrier tile brachytherapy (CTBT) program in their practice. Methods A total of 23 patients have been treated with GammaTile to date at our center. Treatment planning system (TPS) commissioning was performed by configuring the parameters for the 131Cs (IsoRay Model CS-1, Rev2) source, and doses were validated with the consensus data from the American Association of Physicists in Medicine TG-43U1S2. Implant procedures, dosimetry, postimplant planning, and target delineations were established based on our clinical experience. Radiation safety aspects were evaluated based on exposure rate measurements of implanted patients, as well as body and ring badge measurements. Results An estimated timeframe of the GammaTile clinical responsibilities for the medical physicist, radiation oncologist, and neurosurgeon is presented. TPS doses were validated with published dose to water for 131Cs. Clinical aspects, including estimation of the number of tiles, treatment planning, dosimetry, and radiation safety considerations, are presented. Conclusion The implementation of the GammaTile program requires collaboration from multiple specialties, including medical physics, radiation oncology, and neurosurgery. This manuscript provides a roadmap for the implementation of this therapy.
Knockout of the circadian gene, Per2, disrupts corticosterone secretion and results in depressive-like behaviors and deficits in startle responses.

The Period Circadian Regulator 2 (Per2) gene is important for the modulation of circadian rhythms that influence biological processes. Circadian control of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is critical for regulation of hormones involved in the stress response. Dysregulation of the HPA axis is associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. Therefore, it is important to understand how disruption of the circadian rhythm alters the HPA axis. One way to address this question is to delete a gene involved in regulating a central circadian gene such as Per2 in an animal model and to determine how this deletion may affect the HPA axis and behaviors that are altered when the HPA axis is dysregulated. To study this, corticosterone (CORT) levels were measured through the transition from light (inactive phase) to dark (active phase). Additionally, CORT levels as well as pituitary and adrenal mRNA expression were measured following a mild restraint stress. Mice were tested for depressive-like behaviors (forced swim test (FST)), acoustic startle response (ASR), and pre-pulse inhibition (PPI). The present results showed that Per2 knockout impacted CORT levels, mRNA expression, depressive-like behaviors, ASR and PPI. Unlike wild-type (WT) mice, Per2 knockout (Per2) mice showed no diurnal rise in CORT levels at the onset of the dark cycle. Per2−/− mice had enhanced CORT levels and adrenal melanocortin receptor 2 (Mc2R) mRNA expression following restraint. There were no changes in expression of any other pituitary or adrenal gene. In the FST, Per2−/− mice spent more time floating (less time struggling) than WT mice, suggesting increased depressive-like behaviors. Per2−/− mice had deficits in ASR and PPI startle responses compared to WT mice. In summary, these findings showed that disruption of the circadian system via Per2 gene deletion dysregulated the HPA stress axis and is subsequently correlated with increased depressive-like behaviors and deficits in startle response.
The impact of obesity on hospitalized patients with ulcerative colitis.

Background Obesity is the fifth leading risk factor for mortality in the world and it has increased among patients with ulcerative colitis in recent years. We examined the impact of obesity on the hospitalized patients admitted primarily with a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis. Methods We used the National Inpatient Sample data for the year 2016 to identify patients with ulcerative colitis and compared obese and non-obese patients in terms of length of hospital stay, total charges, and mortality. We used multiple imputations to estimate missing values and survey analysis to estimate the outcomes, and we adjusted for confounders by implementing the inverse probability of treatment weighting using propensity score. Results A total of 61,075 admissions with ulcerative colitis were identified. Among these, 6020 were diagnosed with obesity. Baseline hospital and patient characteristics between the 2 groups were notable for differences in age and sex. Patients with obesity were found to have a mean hospital stay longer by 0.57 days (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.22-0.93; P=0.002) and charges $6341.71 higher (95%CI 2499.72-10,183.71; P=0.001) compared to non-obese patients. There was no difference in hospital mortality, with an odds ratio of 0.28 (95%CI 0.04-2.05; P=0.212). Conclusion In a comprehensive review of inpatient admissions in 2016, primarily for ulcerative colitis, obesity was associated with a longer hospital stay and higher total charges per admission after balancing of confounders.
Lawns Too Hot for Dogs in Warm Weather.

Ground temperatures in a residential yard used for exercising dogs were measured and evaluated. The study involved four environments (sunny and dry, sunny and watered, shaded and dry, and shaded an...
Yankee Reporters and Southern Secrets: Journalism, Open Source Intelligence, and the Coming of the Civil War: by Michael Fuhlhage, New York, Peter Lang, 2019, 276 pp.

Michael Fuhlhage’s well-sourced and documented account of how Southern secessionists and military personnel used newspaper stories to plot treason and battle strategies is the lesson 21st century l...
Perioperative Inpatient Opioid Consumption Following Autologous Free-Flap Breast Reconstruction Patients: An Examination of Risk and Patient-Reported Outcomes.

The response to the unprecedented opioid crisis in the US has increased focus on multimodal pain regimens and enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathways to reduce opioid use. This study aimed to define patient and system-level factors related to perioperative consumption of opioids in autologous free-flap breast reconstruction. We conducted a retrospective study to identify patients who underwent autologous breast reconstruction between 2010 and 2016. A multivariate linear regression model was developed to assess patient and system-level factors influencing opioid consumption. Opioid consumption was then dichotomized as total postoperative opioid consumption above (high) and below (low) the 50th percentile to afford more in-depth interpretation of the regression analysis. Secondary outcome analyses examined postoperative complications and health-related quality-of-life outcomes using the BREAST-Q. Overall, 601 patients were included in the analysis. Unilateral reconstruction, lower body mass index, older age, and administration of ketorolac and liposomal bupivacaine were associated with lower postoperative opioid consumption. In contrast, history of psychiatric diagnoses was associated with higher postoperative opioid consumption. There was no difference in the rates of postoperative complications when comparing the groups, although patients who had lower postoperative opioid consumption had higher BREAST-Q physical well-being scores. System-level components of ERAS pathways may reduce opioid use following autologous breast reconstruction, but surgical and patient factors may increase opioid requirements in certain patients. ERAS programs including liposomal bupivacaine and ketorolac should be established on a system level in conjunction with continued focus on individualized care, particularly for patients at risk for high opioid consumption.
Landmark-free morphometric analysis of knee osteoarthritis using joint statistical models of bone shape and articular space variability.

Purpose: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative disease involving a variety of structural changes in the affected joint. In addition to narrowing of the articular space, recent studies involving statistical shape analysis methods have suggested that specific bone shapes might be associated with the disease. We aim to investigate the feasibility of using the recently introduced framework of functional shapes (Fshape) to extract morphological features of OA that combine shape variability of articular surfaces of the tibia (or femur) together with the changes of the joint space. Approach: Our study uses a dataset of three-dimensional cone-beam CT volumes of 17 knees without OA and 17 knees with OA. Each knee is then represented as an object (Fshape) consisting of a triangulated tibial (or femoral) articular surface and a map of joint space widths (JSWs) measured at the points of this surface (joint space map, JSM). We introduce a generative atlas model to estimate a template (mean) Fshape of the sample population together with template-centered variables that model the transformations from the template to each subject. This approach has two potential advantages compared with other statistical shape modeling methods that have been investigated in knee OA: (i) Fshapes simultaneously consider the variability in bone shape and JSW, and (ii) Fshape atlas estimation is based on a diffeomorphic transformation model of surfaces that does not require a priori landmark correspondences between the subjects. The estimated atlas-to-subject Fshape transformations were used as input to principal component analysis dimensionality reduction combined with a linear support vector machine (SVM) classifier to identify the morphological features of OA. Results: Using tibial articular surface as the shape component of the Fshape, we found leave-one-out cross validation scores of ≈91.18 % for the classification based on the bone surface transformations alone, ≈91.18 % for the classification based on the residual JSM, and ≈85.29 % for the classification using both Fshape components. Similar results were obtained using femoral articular surfaces. The discriminant directions identified in the statistical analysis were associated with medial narrowing of the joint space, steeper intercondylar eminence, and relative deepening of the medial tibial plateau. Conclusions: The proposed approach provides an integrated framework for combined statistical analysis of shape and JSPs. It can successfully extract features correlated to OA that appear consistent with previous studies in the field. Although future large-scale study is necessary to confirm the significance of these findings, our results suggest that the functional shape methodology is a promising new tool for morphological analysis of OA and orthopedics data in general.
Massive left ventricular thrombosis in pericardial decompression syndrome.

Background Pericardial decompression syndrome (PDS) is defined as paradoxical hemodynamic deterioration associated with left, right, or bi-ventricular dilation and systolic dysfunction following pericardiocentesis. It is uncommon yet under-recognized, underreported, and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Case report We report a unique case of PDS associated with left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction and massive apical thrombosis following surgical removal of 800 ml of pericardial fluid in a 72-year-old man with undiagnosed lung cancer. Treatment with anticoagulation and anti-remodeling medications resulted in complete resolution of the thrombus and recovery of LV function. Conclusions PDS, although rare, can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Left ventricular apical thrombosis could result from PDS in the setting of hypercoagulable state. Treatment of the underlying disease may lead to successful resolution of PDS and its complications.
Channels Ran Through It—The Lawrence Formation at Lone Star Lake, Douglas County, Kansas

The upper part of the Ireland Sandstone Member of the Lawrence Formation exposed in the spillway of Lone Star Lake, southwest of Lawrence, Kansas, consists of abundant pinstripe-bedded shales and siltstones; thin, lenticular sandstone and siltstone beds; and meter-scale, channel-form sandstone and mudstone lenses. Soft-sediment-deformation structures, including load casts, ball-and-pillow, and pseudonodules are abundant. The lenticular and pinstripe bedding with bipolar paleocurrents suggests tide-influenced deposition. The crosscutting, channel-form deposits are interpreted as tidal channels in an environment with low energy but rapid sedimentation. The depositional environment was a tide-dominated, muddy upper estuary cut by tidal channels. Gravitational instabilities resulting from rapid deposition of sand over saturated mud produced inverse-density gradients that resulted in soft-sediment deformation.
Fluidization analysis for catalytic decomposition of methane over carbon blacks for solar hydrogen production

Abstract A series of bed collapse tests were conducted for determining the dense fluidization flow rate of a gas-solid mixture in a micro-channel fluidized bed reactor, and a separate simulation was created for calculating the reactor conversion and temperature of the catalytic methane pyrolysis. The minimum fluidization and minimum bubbling flow rates were determined to be 3.04 and 8.07 sccm for a 2 × 4 mm2 reactor channel with an average voidage of 0.57; 6.21 and 15.9 sccm for a 4 × 6 mm2 channel with an average voidage of 0.42, respectively. By building a correlation between these critical velocities and the cross-sectional area of the fluidized bed reactor channel, the dense fluidization flow rate at the micro-/mini-channel level with an internal diameter range from 0.3 to 1 mm is predicted between 1.47 to 4.21 sccm. In the simulation, an internal diameter of 0.6 mm, a 10-kW solar input rate, and an initial gas flow rate from 0.08 to 0.23 sccm that expands to 1.5–4.3 ccm at the reaction temperature, are considered as the optimal conditions to maintain a reasonable conversion of methane pyrolysis and to keep the mixed fluid in the dense fluidization within the laminar flow range. The conversion of 79% under these conditions was calculated numerically and found to be promising compared to literature reports. An additional force analysis on a single carbon black particle is shown with different reactor orientations to validate the experimental data and simulation results.
18 to 37.5GHz Linear and Efficient 5G Power Amplifier with Adaptive Biasing Technique

An efficient linear power amplifier (PA) which uses a new adaptive bias circuit is implemented in TSMC 28-nm bulk CMOS process targeting 5G wireless communication systems. An optimized PA core is presented using FET stacking with the intermediate node matching technique, and RLC feedback. The adaptive bias circuit improves the PA efficiency and cancels the PA nonlinearity by controlling the PA quiescent current ramping across the PA input power. The fabricated single stage PA shows a measured gain of 10 dB, 3-dB bandwidth (BW) from 18 to 37.5 GHz (70%), and 16.8 dBm of maximum output power (Psat) with peak PAE of 41%. The proposed PA achieves a measured EVM/ACPR of −26.25dB/−29.2dBc at 10.12 dBm Pout with a 14.1% PAE using a 400MHz 64QAM 5G NR signal at 24GHz.
Unusual combination of holt-oram syndrome and persistent left superior vena cava.

Holt-Oram (HO) is a syndrome characterized by congenital cardiovascular malformations, specifically atrial and ventricular septal defects, and skeletal abnormalities of the upper limbs bones. Associations of HO cardiac disorders with other congenital cardiac malformations, specifically persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) are rarely reported and its real incidence is unknown. We present a case of this unusual combination in a patient undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) device implant. Methods and Results. A 63-year-old male with HO and a history of repaired atrial septal defect was presented for implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) upgrade to CRT. The old implant was located in the right prepectoral area. The old device pocket in the right was accessed and a venous access to the right subclavian vein was obtained. The coronary sinus (CS) was easily cannulated and a long sheath advanced into the CS. A contrast injection revealed an unusually big-sized CS, with a diameter 2.5 times the fully deployed balloon. A 0.035 wire was advanced retrograde reaching the confluence of the innominate and left subclavian veins. The outer sheath was advanced to this location and contrast venography through the sheath allowed visualization of the left jugular and subclavian veins and visualization of the PLSVC draining into the CS. No target veins for lead implant were identified. The patient was referred for surgical implant of an epicardial lead. Transesophageal echocardiogram showed a CS identified as an unusually big vascular structure located between the left atrium and the left atrial appendage. Conclusion. We report an uncommon association of HO and PLSVC. This association was only reported twice in the past and this is the first one that constitutes a casual finding during the attempt of CRT device implant. This is a combination that may complicate a device implant and recognition of it in advance may avoid performing potentially unsuccessful procedures.
Stochastic localization in soft anharmonic oscillators

We address the phenomenon we call “stochastic localization”, within which we include a number of characteristics of soft anharmonic oscillators in thermal equilibrium. Principal among these are a tendency for soft oscillators to spend more time at higher energies than comparable harmonic oscillators, and for high-energy fluctuations in soft oscillators to persist longer than lower-energy fluctuations, leading to a tendency for energy fluctuations to be organized into “bursts” separated by intervals of relative quiet. This work summarizes that presented earlier by Brown et al. (1994, 1996).
The Enigma of Drought-A Challenge for Terrestrial and Extra Terrestrial Research

The term drought has never been given a quantitative definition acceptable to everyone. In loose terms it is an extended period characterized by lack of precipitation, the consequence of which is generally reflected in some important phase of the changing economy. Under this definition dry spells in areas at times when little or no rain normally falls are not considered drought periods, and the anomalous character of precipitation is an important part of the definition. It is this phase of the subject which shall be discussed in this article with particular emphasis on the departures of precipitation from long-term normals (the climatic anomalies of precipitation) as they relate to the atmosphere’s broad-scale or general circulation.
Idiotypic variation in a human B lymphoma cell line

The Ig Id of a B cell lymphoma serves as a distinct marker of the malignant clone and thus as a tumor-specific target for antibody therapy. Somatic variation of the Ig genes expressed by B cell tumors can lead to loss of reactivity with anti-Id antibodies and escape of tumors from the therapeutic effects of such antibodies. In our study, we have used anti-Id antibodies to screen for variants within a cell line derived from a patient with a large cell lymphoma of the B cell type. Cells were simultaneously stained on their surface for idiotypic and for isotypic Ig determinants using reagents labeled with different fluorochromes. Tumor cells expressing intact Ig molecules with alteration of their idiotypic determinants were isolated with the fluorescence activated cell sorter. Idiotypic variation was an ongoing process in vitro with Id- variants being generated at a rate of 2.7 x 10(-4)/cell per generation and Ig- cells being produced at a rate of 1.31 x 10(-5)/cell per generation. Subcloned variants expressed subtle differences in reactivity with a panel of three non-cross-blocking anti-Id antibodies. Analysis of Ig gene rearrangements by the Southern blotting technique using a JH probe established that the variants and the original tumor cells were all clonally related. Immunoprecipitation of surface labeled Ig molecules from the variant subclones disclosed major alterations of the lambda-L chains with no gross alterations of the mu-H chains. Related studies have established that the tumor cells undergo rearrangement and expression of new lambda-L chain genes.
Initial ionospheric observations made by the new Resolute incoherent scatter radar and comparison to solar wind IMF

[1] The first Resolute incoherent scatter radar observations of the polar ionospheric F region show the fine control of the ionospheric plasma density and flow (electric field) by the solar wind interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). A summary of 8 days of observations is presented and 10 IMF Bz southward turning events during this period are analyzed in terms of the time delay of plasma density enhancements and ionospheric convection intensification with respect to the timing of Bz southward turning. We find that Ne enhancements are strongly tied to strong (≳5 nT) IMF Bz southward turnings; arrive 25–75 mins (depending on MLT) after the IMF pulse arrives at the bowshock nose; last as long as Bz stays southward; contain as small as ∼25 km horizontal substructures; are altitudinally smooth, a characteristic of a solar produced plasma. The most predictable response of ionospheric convection is anti-sunward flow intensification on average ∼25 mins after Bz southward change.
Self Dual Fields

In the course of their long review paper on H space1, E. T. Newman and his co-workers show that one can construct a self-dual solution of Maxwell’s equations by starting from an equation which is similar to the good cut equation. Their original construction depends on the properties of lt in an asymptotically flat space-time. However,. the argument can be reconstructed without reference to lt. One merely asks for a self-dual solution of the complexified Maxwell equations on ℂM, complexified Min- n- kowski space. The argument is the same as that we shall use in the following for the Yang-Mills fields.
The enhanced miniaturized airborne GPS receiver

The paper describes the design, functional capabilities, and performance of the enhanced miniaturized airborne GPS receiver (EMAGR) being developed by the Collins Avionics & Communications Division, Rockwell International. It is the result of adding functional and performance capability to the DoD standard MAGR, also produced by Rockwell's Collins Division. The details of the EMAGR's hardware and software architecture are presented, along with descriptions of the added functional capability and their impacts on current MAGR hardware, software, and performance. >
Radio Astronomical Synthesis Arrays - Real Time Processing Needs

This paper describes the real time processing requirements for radio synthesis arrays. The processing is real time, not in the sense that it must occur synchronously with the data collection, but that it must progress at the rate data is collected if a growing backlog is to be avoided. Two types of radio synthesis arrays are used in radio astrophysics, real time or connected arrays and arrays using the Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) tech-nique. In the former, the elements are phase locked to a common clock and data are corre-lated in real time. In the latter, the elements are phased to a local clock and the data are recorded locally. Two basic processing steps, fringe processing and map processing, are involved. Both steps are shown to be computationally demanding. The large number of computing instructions involved combined with the nature of the algorithms makes the development of special purpose hardware very attractive. The technology involving the development of optimum processing algorithms, however, has been progressing rapidly. This greatly complicates the choice of hardware.
Nitric oxide-assisted atmospheric pressure corona discharge ionization for the analysis of automobile hydrocarbon emission species.

Nitric oxide reagent gas has been found to improve the sensitivity and robustness of the atmospheric pressure corona discharge ionization (APCDI) process. Sensitivity has been increased by a factor of 20–100, depending on the compound, over APCDI without nitric oxide. The robustness (defined as the sensitivity to matrix interferences) of APCDI in the presence of water has been improved by a factor of 3 over normal APCDI. These improvements are due in part to a modification of the commercial inlet system and ionization chamber that allows the chamber and sample gases to be heated to 100 and 350°C, respectively. Nitric oxide was chosen as the reagent gas because of the variety and selectivity of its interaction with hydrocarbons with differing functional groups. Product ions of nitric oxide ionization and their subsequent tandem mass spectra are presented and discussed for selected alkanes; alkenes, alkylbenzenes, alcohols; aldehydes, and an ether. A tandem mass spectrometry (unique parent ion-daughter ion transition) method was developed to quantify compounds of specific interest in vehicle emissions. The absolute sensitivity for these compounds, under ideal conditions, was determined and ranges from 0.006 ppb for xylene (most sensitive) to 80 ppb for C8 (or larger) normal alkanes. Routine sensitivity for real-world samples was in the single parts per billion range for aromatic and olefinic species. Potential applications include the real-time, on-line monitoring of selected hydrocarbons in automobile exhaust.
Consequences of a Pati–Salam unification of the electroweak-scale active νR model

Abstract If right-handed neutrinos are not singlets under the electroweak gauge group as it was proposed in a recent model, they can acquire electroweak scale masses and are thus accessible experimentally in the near future. When this idea is combined with quark–lepton unification a la Pati–Salam, one is forced to introduce new neutral particles which are singlets under the Standard Model (SM). These “sterile neutrinos” which exist in both helicities and which are different in nature from the popular particles with the same name can have their own seesaw with masses in the keV range for the lighter of the two eigenstates. The keV sterile neutrinos have been discussed in the literature as warm dark matter candidates with wide ranging astrophysical consequences such as structure formation, supernova asymmetries, pulsar kicks, etc. In addition, the model contains W -like and Z -like heavy gauge bosons which might be accessible at the LHC or the ILC. An argument is presented on why, in this model, it is natural to have four families which can obey existing constraints.
Fission-track analysis of apatite and zircon defines a burial depth of 4 to 7 km for lowermost Upper Devonian, Catskill Mountains, New York

Apatite and zircon grains separated from a sandstone layer of earliest Late Devonian age, Catskill Mountains, have been subjected to fission-track analysis. A 125-m.y. age, obtained on the apatite grains, requires a temperature for the sediment of less than 120 °C during the past 125 m.y. At some time prior to 125 m.y. ago, temperatures were above 120 °C long enough to cause complete fading of tracks. Analysis of zircon grains resulted in a fission-track age of 320 m.y. Zircon data indicate that the temperature of the sediment layer enclosing the grains did not exceed 175 to 200 °C over a 235-rn.y. period (time between sedimentation and 125 m.y. ago). If one assumes a typical geothermal gradient of 25 °C/km, a burial depth of between 4 and 7 km is indicated for the lowermost Upper Devonian, atskill Mountains.