cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Emergent cardiac outcomes in patients with normal electrocardiograms in the emergency department

Abstract Background Emergency physicians (EP) are frequently interrupted to screen electrocardiograms (ECG) from Emergency Department (ED) patients undergoing triage. Our objective was to identify discrepancies between the computer ECG interpretation and the cardiologist ECG interpretation and if any patients with normal ECGs underwent emergent cardiac intervention. We hypothesized that computer-interpreted normal ECGs do not require immediate review by an EP. Methods This was a retrospective study of adult (≥ 18 years old) ED patients with computer-interpreted normal ECGs. Laboratory, diagnostic testing and clinical outcomes were abstracted following accepted methodologic guidelines. The primary outcome was emergent cardiac catheterization (within four hours of ED arrival). All ECGs underwent final cardiologist interpretation. When cardiology interpretation differed from the computer (discrepant ECG interpretation), the difference was classified as potentially clinically significant or not clinically significant. Data was described with simple descriptive statistics. Main findings 989 ECGs interpreted as normal by the computer were analyzed with a mean age of 50.4 ± 16.8 years (range 18–96 years) and 527 (53%) female. Discrepant ECG interpretations were identified in 184 cases including 124 (12.5%, 95%CI 10.4, 14.7%) not clinically significant and 60 (6.1%, 95%CI 4.6, 7.7%) potentially clinically significant. The 60 potentially clinically significant changes included: ST/T wave changes 45 (75%), T wave inversions 6 (10%), prolonged QT 3 (5%), and possible ischemia 10 (17%). Of these 60, 21 (35%) patients were admitted. Six patients had potassium levels >6.0 mEq/L, with one having a potentially clinically significant ECG change. No patient (0%, 95% CI 0, 0.3%) underwent immediate (within four hours) cardiac catherization whereas two underwent delayed cardiac interventions. Conclusions Cardiologists frequently disagree with a computer-interpreted normal ECG. Patients with computer-interpreted normal ECGs, however, rarely had significant ischemic events. A rare number of patients will have important cardiac outcomes regardless of the computer-generated normal ECG interpretation. Immediate EP review of the ECG, however, would not have changed these patient's ED courses.
ESL students' use of concordances and dictionaries in the transfer of academic word knowledge: a comparative study

Vll INTRODUCTION 1 Purpose of study 4 Importance of study 4 Research questions 6 LITERATURE REVIEW 8 Vocabulary in second language writing 8 The role of concordance in vocabulary acquisition 11 METHODS AND MATERIALS 17 Participants 17 Materials 18 Procedure 23 Analysis 26 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 30 Research Question 1: Acquisition of academic vocabulary 30 Research Question 2: Correct use of academic words in vocabulary tasks 33 Research Question 3: Transfer of word knowledge to academic writing 35 Research Question 4: Influence of concordance use 38
Genetically modified mouse models for pharmacogenomic research

It is now evident that differences in the DNA sequence of genes involved with drug action can lead to interindividual differences in effectiveness and adverse reactions to therapeutic drugs. Pharmacogenomics raises the possibility that drug discovery and patient management could move from a 'one drug fits all' approach to one in which therapy is tailored to patients' genomes. Genetically modified mice that mimic human variation in drug response can provide one of the tools to move the field towards these goals.
Quantitative study on effects of baclofen on muscle spasticity in Multiple Sclerosis

Spasticity is clinically defined as velocity-dependent resistance to passive movement, characterized by excessive, jerky contraction of muscles. However, spasticity is not yet well understood, and current clinical measures of it are subjective and unreliable. We applied standard physics principles and phase space analyses to better visualize the motor impairments associated with spasticity in Multiple Sclerosis patients, at the VA Hospital in Washington, DC. Testing was conducted at baseline and then again after one month of de novo baclofen administration in order to determine whether this improved the patients' condition. Two analytical methods were used: (1) Phase Area Ratio (PAR) and (2) Spontaneous Accelerative Transients (SAT). The SAT analyses showed a small decrease in spasticity after baclofen use, while the PAR analyses and clinical measures showed no significant change. Although they provided differing results, this study shows that spasticity during active joint motions can be more reliably quantified through analytical methods. The PAR and SAT metrics may be applicable to a variety of physiological signals.
The Impact of eBay's Buy-It-Now Function on Bidder Behavior

The impact of eBay's Buy-It-Now function on bidder behavior was investigated by conducting auctions of American Eagle silver dollars with and without the function. The study found that eBay buyers did not use the Buy-It-Now option even when Buy-It-Now prices were set below prevailing market prices. The entertainment, or "hedonic," benefit associated with eBay auctions may explain this somewhat counterintuitive finding. Firms engaging in e-commerce can take advantage of this phenomenon by structuring transactions to provide consumers with hedonic benefits.
THE DEEP CONDITIONS OF SECULARITY

In modern societies and cultures today, religion is widely perceived as basically even if not merely trivially “optional.” This is a contention strongly advocated by Charles Taylor, most notably in his monumental A Secular Age. Throughout his career, Taylor has made the question of religion in modernity the core of his interests. In his most recent work, A Secular Age, Taylor addresses challenging issues of what he calls the “contemporary spiritual experience” and speaks to “the spiritual hungers and tensions of secular modernity.” I critically consider three aspects of this immensely suggestive if not uncontroversial work: (1) I examine whether there is in fact a possible reversibility or revisability to the so-called ‘optional’ nature of belief that Taylor thinks is characteristic of the secular age; (2) I scrutinize Taylor's notion of “immediacy” of belief in the same milieu; (3) I interrogate his use of the term “fullness” in delineating the temper of the secular age.
Enacting Counter Terrorism Financing Laws in the UAE and Bahrain: The Fusion of Global Pressures, Regional Dynamics, and Local Interests

After the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001, the UN Security Council passed Resolution 1373, obligating all states to enact new laws that criminalized activities related to terrorism. Although the resolution required states to pass laws in different areas of public policy, it made the adoption of laws against terrorism financing a priority. The aim was to undermine terrorist groups' ability to raise funds and to move these monies around the world. In 2006, a UN report explained that the level of conformity with these requirements was mixed in the Middle East; countries bordering the Mediterranean have been less compliant than those in the Persian Gulf. This paper analyzes the reasons that inform the UAE's and Bahrain's decision to comply with these financial standards. Employing research on transnational networks, it explains that multiple forces have shaped these governments' strategies. For instance, while global pressures have been important determinants, regional mechanisms, as seen with the creation of MENAFATF, have also allowed states to discuss different ways to fulfill global standards, but in line with the region's cultural interests and economic and political traditions. At the local level, Bahrain and the UAE are becoming important global financial hubs and their compliance has been used to attract foreign investments. Moreover, both states have strong ties to the United States and conformity with these rules, which are similar to the ones found in the USA PATRIOT Act, shows their commitment to Washington's global war on terror, but without having to publicly support America's strategies.
Lesbian and Gay Parents and Their Children: Research on the Family Life Cycle

The U.S. Census Bureau (2000) estimated that there are nearly 600,000 reported same-sex cohabitating couples in the United States. Of these, 33% of female same-sex couples and 22% of male same-sex ...
Purinergic 2X receptors play a role in evoking the exercise pressor reflex in rats with peripheral artery insufficiency (1165.6)

Stone AJ, Yamauchi K, Kaufman MP. Purinergic 2X receptors play a role in evoking the exercise pressor reflex in rats with peripheral artery insufficiency. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 306: H396 –H404, 2014. First published November 27, 2013; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00762.2013.—Purinergic 2X (P2X) receptors on the endings of thin fiber afferents have been shown to play a role in evoking the exercise pressor reflex in cats. In this study, we attempted to extend this finding to decerebrated, unanesthetized rats whose femoral arteries were either freely perfused or were ligated 72 h before the start of the experiment. We first established that our dose of pyridoxal phosphate-6-azophenyl-2=,4=-disulfonic acid (PPADS; 10 mg/kg), a P2X receptor antagonist, attenuated the pressor response to , -methylene ATP (10 g/kg), a P2X receptor agonist. We then compared the exercise pressor reflex before and after infusing PPADS into the arterial supply of the hindlimb muscles that were statically contracted. In rats with freely perfused femoral arteries, the peak pressor responses to contraction were not significantly attenuated by PPADS (before PPADS: 19 2 mmHg, 13 min after PPADS: 17 2 mmHg, and 25 min after PPADS: 17 3 mmHg). Likewise, the cardioaccelerator and renal sympathetic nerve responses were not significantly attenuated. In contrast, we found that in rats whose femoral arteries were ligated PPADS significantly attenuated the peak pressor responses to contraction (before PPADS: 37 5 mmHg, 13 min after PPADS: 27 6 mmHg, and 25 min after PPADS: 25 5 mmHg; P 0.05). Heart rate was not significantly attenuated, but renal SNA was at certain time points over the 30-s contraction period. We conclude that P2X receptors play a substantial role in evoking the exercise pressor reflex in rats whose femoral arteries were ligated but play only a minimal role in evoking the reflex in rats whose femoral arteries were freely perfused.
Uses and Abuses of Drug Decriminalization in Portugal

In 2001, Portugal decriminalized the acquisition, possession, and use of small quantities of all psychoactive drugs. The significance of this legislation has been misunderstood. Decriminalization did not trigger dramatic changes in drug-related behavior because, as an analysis of Portugal's predecriminalization laws and practices reveals, the reforms were more modest than suggested by the media attention they received. Portugal illustrates the shortcomings of before-and-after analysis because, as is often the case, the de jure legal change largely codified de facto practices. In the years before the law's passage, less than 1 percent of those incarcerated for a drug offense had been convicted of use. Surprisingly, the change in law regarding use appears associated with a marked reduction in drug trafficker sanctioning. While the number of arrests for trafficking changed little, the number of individuals convicted and imprisoned for trafficking since 2001 has fallen nearly 50 percent.
COMPARISON OF THE NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCK INDUCED BY MIVACURIUM, SUXAMETHONIUM OR ATRACURIUM DURING NITROUS OXIDE-FENTANYL ANAESTHESIA

We compared the neuromuscular and cardiovascular changes following administration of mivacurium 0.15, 0.20 and 0.25 mg kg−1, suxamethonium 1.0 mg kg−1 or atracurium 0.5 mg kg−1 i.v. in 41 (ASA physical status I or II) patients during nitrous oxide—fentanyl anaesthesia. Mean onset times for total ablation of twitch response for mivacurium 0.15, 0.20 and 0.25 mg kg−1, were 2.5, 2.4 and 2.7 min, respectively, similar to that for atracurium (2.5 min), but longer than for suxamethonium (1.1 min) (P 20%) were observed in seven of 15 patients who received the two higher doses of mivacurium.
The Secret Life of the Anthrax Agent Bacillus anthracis: Bacteriophage-Mediated Ecological Adaptations

Ecological and genetic factors that govern the occurrence and persistence of anthrax reservoirs in the environment are obscure. A central tenet, based on limited and often conflicting studies, has long held that growing or vegetative forms of Bacillus anthracis survive poorly outside the mammalian host and must sporulate to survive in the environment. Here, we present evidence of a more dynamic lifecycle, whereby interactions with bacterial viruses, or bacteriophages, elicit phenotypic alterations in B. anthracis and the emergence of infected derivatives, or lysogens, with dramatically altered survival capabilities. Using both laboratory and environmental B. anthracis strains, we show that lysogeny can block or promote sporulation depending on the phage, induce exopolysaccharide expression and biofilm formation, and enable the long-term colonization of both an artificial soil environment and the intestinal tract of the invertebrate redworm, Eisenia fetida. All of the B. anthracis lysogens existed in a pseudolysogenic-like state in both the soil and worm gut, shedding phages that could in turn infect non-lysogenic B. anthracis recipients and confer survival phenotypes in those environments. Finally, the mechanism behind several phenotypic changes was found to require phage-encoded bacterial sigma factors and the expression of at least one host-encoded protein predicted to be involved in the colonization of invertebrate intestines. The results here demonstrate that during its environmental phase, bacteriophages provide B. anthracis with alternatives to sporulation that involve the activation of soil-survival and endosymbiotic capabilities.
Percutaneous intervention for unprotected left main disease prior to explantation of a left ventricular assist device.

Percutaneous coronary intervention of unprotected left main coronary arterial disease is an alternative to surgical revascularization in selected patients. In this report, a patient with an implanted left ventricular assist device (LVAD) underwent successful coronary intervention prior to its planned removal. The implanted LVAD clearly assisted the technical performance of the intervention.
Apoptotic cell death and lupus

Programmed cell death and the disposal of cell corpses by phagocytic cells are highly regulated ongoing processes essential for the survival and well-being of higher organisms. Abnormalities in the susceptibility of certain cells to receptor-induced death are known to lead to certain human diseases (e.g., autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome) and may contribute to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Impaired clearance of apoptotic cells is also likely to be an important factor in lupus pathogenesis, though the biological basis of such a defect remains elusive. Finally, the process of apoptosis has been shown to contribute to lupus disease effector mechanisms. A better understanding of the role of apoptosis in lupus very likely will lead to improved diagnosis and therapy.
Why do people drink? Tests of the rational addiction model

The rational addiction (RA) model applied to alcoho consumption is tested using 1983 US Health Interview Survey data. The RA model yields refutable hypotheses concerning effects of current, past, and future prices, past and future consumption, time preference and marginal utility of wealth on addictive good consumption. The estimations provide relatively strong support for the RA model. Past and present consumption had strong positive relationship with current consumption. Coefficients on past, present, and future money prices and fines for first oflence drunk driving (as a form of price for alcohol consumption) were significant and of the predical sign.
Thermodynamic zonation in the black shale facies based on iron-manganese-vanadium content☆

Abstract The black shale facies contains several discrete chemical groupings of Mn, Fe and V in visually similar rocks. These groups are related to four thermodynamic zones based on changing p E and pH, are identified from a collection of ∼200 Paleozoic and Mesozoic finely-laminated, low-calcic ([Ca] 3 is not present as a significant complication factor. The relative variations in the concentrations of Mn and Fe can be used as indicators of p E pH conditions. In Group 1 (oxic conditions: high p E ), Mn and Fe occur as Mn(III,IV)- and Fe(III)-oxides, and appear in relatively high concentrations (average concentrations 1,300 and 56,000 ppm, respectively). In Group 2 (anoxic: nitrate-reducing to sulfate-reducing at intermediate pH), Mn is reduced to Mn 2+ as is evidenced by low Mn concentration (310 ppm average); in Group 2 , Fe remains bound in oxides or sulfides with concentrations comparable to those in Group 1 (52,000 ppm). In Group 3 , both Mn and Fe are reduced and relatively soluble, reflecting anoxic, but non-sulfate reducing, p E at intermediate to low pH. This solubility, and Mn and Fe species instability, is shown in lower average concentrations 170 and 23,000 ppm, respectively, in Group- 3 sediments. Group- 4 black shales have V concentrations > 300 ppm, averaging 1500 ppm and indicating deposition under conditions of high organic preservation. Mn and Fe concentrations are low — the Mn concentration is E . This study demonstrates the wide variety of black shale depositional environments from oxic to methanic. Accordingly, black shales cannot all be assigned to anoxic, sulfidic environments without additional chemical analysis and interpretation.
Suicide and Visual Loss: A Case Report Reflecting the Need for Recognition and Management in Ophthalmological Settings

In the United States, 5.5 million people over the age of 40 meet criteria for visual impairment (VI). They often suffer significant psychosocial and health consequences, including reduced quality of life and depression, which can be persistent and difficult to treat. Additionally, VI may increase the risk of suicide. We report a case of a patient with age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) and suicidal ideation. While this link is reasonable, there are no prior cases of suicidality among patients with ARMD. Moreover, the literature is silent regarding proper approaches to diagnosing and managing suicidality among patients with VI, especially ARMD.
IMPLAN's Induced Effects Identified Through Multiplier Decomposition

An analysis of regional multipliers is developed to reveal a structural flaw in how IMPLAN computes induced effects. This analysis reveals a fixed ratio across sectors between total and Type I employment multipliers, and that IMPLAN's “Type III” income multipliers are inversely related to the average wages in the direct and indirect sectors, and that “Type III” output multipliers are not affected by wages. A multiplier decomposition is developed that separates direct and indirect effects from the induced and further separates the induced impact into relative wage and regional income retention effects. The decomposition is useful in making comparisons among impact models.
Evaluating the special role of time in the control of handwriting

Abstract Claims that time has a special role in the control of writing and the specific claim that writing time is absolutely invariant across changes in writing size are evaluated in two experiments. The first examined writing time for 24 undergraduate subjects who produced the string eyleyl with the dominant hand or arm in blocked repetitions having different vertical size targets. These variations produced small but systematic changes in writing time. The second experiment explored whether the small range of writing-time variation observed in experiment 1 was due to structural or strategic limitations. This experiment showed, for four undergraduate subjects, that writing time can be varied precisely across a wide range (0.6 to 1.66 of ‘normal’) while maintaining shape and vertical size constant. Taken together, these experiments suggest that, although relative stroke timing is approximately maintained, absolute timing is not critical to writing. The limited range of writing times typically observed should, rather, be ascribed to a strategic gradient that, along with other influences, broadly defines preferred writing times. This paper also describes a new application of Generalized Procrustes Analysis of shape, and this procedure is applied to the trajectories generated in both experiments. Although several small failures are noted, these analyses generally confirmed previous claims that shape is invariant across changes in writing time, size, and writing with the hand versus the arm. This result is a necessary buttress to the conclusions just described. Shape variability was also assessed in these analyses. This variability soared as writing time was reduced from normal, but showed only a small, insignificant increase as writing time was increased from normal. There were also small, predictable changes in spatial variability across changes in size and effector.
Absorbed power deposition for various insertion depths for 915 MHZ interstitial dipole antenna arrays: Experiment versus theory

Abstract Dipole antennas are commonly used in interstitial clinical hyperthermia treatments because of their compatibility with brachytherapy techniques and their good power deposition patterns when used in arrays. For accurate treatment planning, however, there must be a comprehensive knowledge base to predict the power deposition patterns when insertion depth is a non-resonant length. This is especially true for insertion depths that result in significant power deposition outside of the antenna junction plane and presumably outside of the tumor volume. A computer controlled measurement system was used with a muscle equivalent phantom to make measurements of specific absorption rate (SAR) or absorbed power per unit mass of tissue at 598 points in a plane. The diagonal plane was the measurement plane of choice because it characterized the SAR profiles at the array center as well as areas in the proximity of the antennas. Dartmouth dipole antennas were used (0.9 mm O.D.) in brachytherapy catheters with inner catheters (2.2 mm O.D./1.2 mm I.D). The resonant half-wavelength of this dipole antenna/catheter combination is 7.8 cm. A choke modification of the dipole was also investigated. Four antennas were used in a boxlike configuration with 2.0 cm separation. Insertion depths of 5.9, 7.8, 9.8, 12.7, 15.6 and 17.6 cm were used. The h A subsection (junction to tip) was held constant at 3.9 cm. Plots were made of the experimental SAR data normalized to the maximum SAR measured in the plane. Theoretical plots were calculated in the same plane for each of the insertion depths. SAR comparisons were also made longitudinally along the central axis of the array and through the antenna junctions in the diiagonal plane for resonant half-wavelength insertion depth. Experimental results verified theoretical predictions of the existence of a secondary hot-spot in the center of the array, but outside of the antenna junction plane and approximately a quarter-wavelength from the insertion point. This secondary hot-spot appears for all insertion depths greater than 10 cm. At longer insertion depths approaching a full wavelength, however, this secondary peak is not dominant. Choke antennas demonstrated a solution to the problem of shifting SAR patterns with varying insertion depths by restricting the active length of the antenna.
Resveratrol, a multitargeted agent, can enhance antitumor activity of gemcitabine in vitro and in orthotopic mouse model of human pancreatic cancer

Gemcitabine, while a standard treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer (PaCa), alone is not very effective. New agents that are safe and effective are highly needed. Resveratrol is one such agent which is safe and multitargeted; and has been linked with suppression of survival, proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis of cancer. Whether resveratrol can sensitize PaCa to gemcitabine in vitro and in vivo was investigated. We established PaCa xenografts in nude mice, randomized into 4 groups, and treated with vehicle, gemcitabine, resveratrol and with combination. Modulation of NF-κB and markers of proliferation, angiogenesis and invasion were ascertained using electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. Resveratrol inhibited the proliferation of 4 different human PaCa cell lines, synergized the apoptotic effects of gemcitabine, inhibited the constitutive activation of NF-κB and expression of bcl-2, bcl-xL, COX-2, cyclin D1 MMP-9 and VEGF. In an orthotopic model of human PaCa, we found that resveratrol significantly suppressed the growth of the tumor (p < 0.001) and this effect was further enhanced by gemcitabine (p < 0.001). Both the markers of proliferation index Ki-67 and the micro vessel density CD31 were significantly downregulated in tumor tissue by the combination of gemcitabine and resveratrol (p < 0.001 vs. control; p < 0.01 vs. gemcitabine). As compared to vehicle control, resveratrol also suppressed the NF-κB activation and expression of cyclin D1, COX-2, ICAM-1, MMP-9 and survivin. Overall our results demonstrate that resveratrol can potentiate the effects of gemcitabine through suppression of markers of proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis.
Molecular characterization of mtDNA depleted and repleted NT2 cell lines

Abstract Transmitochondrial cytoplasmic hybrids (cybrids) enable functional assessment of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded proteins. Cybrid production often utilizes cell lines depleted of endogenous mtDNA (ρ0 cells), and a number of suitable ρ0 cell lines exist for this purpose. We now provide molecular data characterizing an NT2 human teratocarcinoma ρ0 cell line, as well as NT2 cybrid derivatives. NT2 ρ0 cells contained no detectable mtDNA on a sensitive PCR assay. Eight weeks after exogenous mtDNA transfer cybrids showed no evidence of endogenous mtDNA reversion, and heteroplasmic ratios of a single nucleotide substitution roughly reflected that of the blood samples used to repopulate their mtDNA.
Confirmation of theoretical colour predictions for layering dental composite materials.

Abstract Objective The aim of this study is to confirm the theoretical colour predictions for single and double layers of dental composite materials on an opaque backing. Methods Single and double layers of composite resins were fabricated, placed in optical contact with a grey backing and measured for spectral radiance. The spectral reflectance and colour were directly determined. Absorption and scattering coefficients as previously reported, the measured thickness of the single layers and the effective reflectance of the grey backing were utilized to theoretically predict the reflectance of the single layer using corrected Kubelka–Munk reflectance theory. For double layers the predicted effective reflectance of the single layer was used as the reflectance of the backing of the second layer and the thickness of the second layer was used to predict the reflectance of the double layer. Colour differences, using both the CIELAB and CIEDE2000 formulae, measured the discrepancy between each directly determined colour and its corresponding theoretical colour. Results The colour difference discrepancies generally ranged around the perceptibility threshold but were consistently below the respective acceptability threshold. Conclusion This theory can predict the colour of layers of composite resin within acceptability limits and generally also within perceptibility limits. Clinical significance This theory could therefore be incorporated into computer-based optical measuring instruments that can automate the shade selections for layers of a more opaque first layer under a more translucent second layer for those clinical situations where an underlying background colour and a desirable final colour can be measured.
NOx-Mediated Homogeneous Pathways for the Synthesis of Formaldehyde from CH4−O2 Mixtures

A detailed kinetic network for homogeneous CH4−O2−NOx reactions is used to estimate maximum attainable formaldehyde (and methanol) yields and to identify elementary steps that lead to the observed enhancement effects of NOx on CH4 oxidation rates, to HCHO yield limits, and to NOx losses to unreactive N-compounds. NOx was shown previously to increase CH4 oxidation rates and HCHO yields in CH4−O2 reactions, but maximum yields were low (<10%) and intrinsic kinetic limits were not rigorously examined. We show here that the CH4 oxidation rate increases because NO2 reacts with CH4 during an initial induction period. NO and NO2 lead to similar effects, except that residence times required for a given yield are higher for NO feeds because NO−NO2 interconversion must first occur. CH4 leads to supra-equilibrium NO2 concentrations because HO2 formed during HCHO oxidation reacts with NO to form OH and NO2 faster than NO2 can decompose to NO. Oxygenate selectivities decrease with increasing CH4 conversion, because wea...
Four new species of Torodora Meyrick and a new species of Antiochtha Meyrick from the Philippines (Lepidoptera, Lecithoceridae)

Abstract Four species of the genus Torodora and a species of Antiochtha, belonging to the family Lecithoceridae (Lepidoptera), are described from the Philippines. The new species are Torodora calligata sp. nov., T. uringensis sp. nov., T. lativalata sp. nov., T. namalis sp. nov., and Antiochtha triangulosa sp. nov.
Unique translational positioning of nucleosomes on synthetic DNAs

A computational study was previously carried out to analyze DNA sequences that are known to position histone octamers at single translational sites. A conserved pattern of intrinsic DNA curvature was uncovered that was proposed to direct the formation of nucleosomes to unique positions. The pattern consists of two regions of curved DNA separated by preferred lengths of non-curved DNA. In the present study, 11 synthetic DNAs were constructed which contain two regions of curved DNA of the form [(A5.T5)(G/C)5]4 separated by non-curved regions of variable length. Translational mapping experiments of in vitro reconstituted mononucleosomes using exonuclease III, micrococcal nuclease and restriction enzymes demonstrated that two of the fragments positioned nucleosomes at a single site while the remaining fragments positioned octamers at multiple sites spaced at 10 base intervals. The synthetic molecules that positioned nucleosomes at a single site contain non-curved central regions of the same lengths that were seen in natural nucleosome positioning sequences. Hydroxyl radical and DNase I digests of the synthetic DNAs in reconstituted nucleosomes showed that the synthetic curved element on one side of the nucleosomal dyad assumed a rotational orientation where narrow minor grooves of the A-tracts faced the histone surface with all molecules. In contrast, the curved element on the other side of the nucleosome displayed variable rotational orientations between molecules which appeared to be related to the positioning effect. These results suggest that asymmetry between the two halves of nucleosomal DNA may facilitate translational positioning.
Some remarks on theorems of M. Marden concerning the zeros of certain composite polynomials

We will provide a counterexample to a theorem of M. Marden in his book Geometry of Polynomials, Math Surveys, No. 3, A.M.S. 1966, pages 68-71 and then prove it in a correct form. We will also indicate how to get other similar results.
Nearshore mixing and dispersion

Longshore currents have in the past been analysed assuming that the lateral mixing could be attributed to turbulent processes. It is found, however, that the mixing that can be justified by assuming an eddy viscosity v t = l√k where l is the turbulent length scale, k the turbulent kinetic energy, combined with reasonable estimates for l and k is at least an order of magnitude smaller than required to explain the measured cross-shore variations of longshore currents. In this paper, it is shown that the nonlinear interaction terms between cross-and longshore currents represent a dispersive mechanism that has an effect similar to the required mixing. The mechanism is a generalization of the one-dimensional dispersion effect in a pipe discovered by Taylor (1954) and the three-dimensional dispersion in ocean currents on the continental shelf found by Fischer (1978). Numerical results are given for the dispersion effect, for the ensuing cross-shore variation of the longshore current and for the vertical profiles of the longshore currents inside as well as outside the surf zone. It is found that the dispersion effect is at least an order of magnitude larger than the turbulent mixing and that the characteristics of the results are in agreement with the sparse experimental data material available.
Design criterion for the heat-transfer coefficient in opposing flow, mixed convection heat transfer in a vertical tube

Mixed convection heat transfer in a vertical tube with opposing flow (downflow heating) was studied experimentally for Reynolds numbers ranging from about 1,000 to 30,000 at constant Grashof numbers ranging about 1{1/2} orders of magnitude under constant wall temperature (CWT) conditions. Three correlations developed for opposing mixed convection flows in vertical conduits predicted the data reasonably well, except near and into the asymptote region for which these equations were not designed. A critical Reynolds number is developed here, above which these equations can be used for design purposes regardless of the boundary condition. Below Re{sub crit}, the correlations, the asymptote equation should be used for the CWT boundary condition, which is more prevalent in process situations than the uniform heat flux (UHF) boundary condition.
Usefulness of oral dipyridamole digital echocardiography for detecting coronary artery disease.

In patients unable to exercise, intravenous or oral dipyridamole has been used successfully in conjunction with thallium-201 myocardial imaging for detecting coronary artery disease (CAD).1,2 Intravenous dipyridamole with 2-dimensional echocardiography has also been used to assess CAD.3−7 The combination of oral dipyridamole and 2-dimensional echocardiography for detecting CAD has not been previously reported. The recent development of digital echocardiography with continuous cine-loop, quad screen format, as used in exercise echocardiography, is an important advance in detecting regional asynergy by 2-dimensional echocardiography.8,9 The present investigation describes the use of oral dipyridamole and digital 2-dimensional echocardiography for detecting CAD in patients presenting for coronary angiography.
Self direction and factors influencing technology use: Examining the relationships for the 21st century workplace

Self-direction and technology use are both identified as increasingly important skills for the 21st century workforce. In an effort to define effective pedagogies for students entering the workplace, this study examines the relationship between selected factors of self-directed learning and factors influencing technology use. University seniors provided a sample representing new workforce entrants and the workplace of the immediate future. Examining self-direction using the PRO-model of self-direction and technology use through the lens of computer self-efficacy, 572 graduating seniors provided a look at their preparation for the workplace for self-direction and technology use. Results indicated a significant but very weak relationship between self-direction and technology use that accounted for less than 7% of the variance for any one factor examined. Based on these results, this study includes implications for practice as well as recommendations for future research.
Some extensions of the born approximation for phase shifts

A new approximation for phase shifts is derived using a method radically different from the usual Green’s function techniques. It turns out to be a cross between the Born and WKB approximations and provides a powerful tool for investigating the behavior of the Born formula. In particular, the latter is shown to be valid for weak, long range potentials regardless of the magnitude of the phase shift. Several numerical examples are included.
Binding of vitellogenin to membranes isolated from mosquito ovaries

The presence of specific receptors for vitellogenin (Vg) in ovary membranes of the mosquito, Aedes aegypti, was demonstrated by an in vitro binding assay. The binding reaction, which is dependent on pH and Ca2+, uses 4 micrograms membrane protein, 35S-Vg labeled metabolically by fat body culture in vitro, and unlabeled vitellin (Vn) for competition. At pH 7.0 and in the presence of 5 mM Ca2+, the binding of Vg to its receptor reaches equilibrium within 60-90 min at both 4 and 25 degrees C. The binding is specific to membranes prepared only from ovaries. While mosquito Vg and Vn bind with equal affinity to Vg receptors on ovary membranes, neither locust Vg nor mouse IgG has any measurable affinity towards these sites. Nonlinear least square analysis of the saturation isotherms is consistent with the presence of a single class of Vg receptors on ovary membranes with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 0.18 microM.
Vasopressin mRNA in the suprachiasmatic nuclei: daily regulation of polyadenylate tail length

Daily variation has been found in the length of the polyadenylate tail attached to vasopressin messenger RNA in the suprachiasmatic nuclei, which is the location of an endogenous circadian pacemaker in mammals. No such variation was found in the supraoptic or paraventricular nuclei. This variation in the length of the polyadenylate tail may underlie the circadian rhythm of vasopressin peptide levels in cerebrospinal fluid and is a unique example of a daily rhythm in messenger RNA structure.
Situational Supervision: Applying Situational Leadership to Clinical Supervision

This article examines Hersey, Blanchard, and Johnson's (2001) model of Situational Leadership and adapts and applies it to clinical supervision. The authors propose a model that centers around four primary supervision styles which are aligned with four primary readiness levels of supervisees. The article describes the four supervision styles, contrasts the approach to developmental stage models, provides advice on assessing trainee readiness, and considers the implications of adopting the wrong supervision approach or misjudging the readiness level of supervisees. The authors close with a discussion of shortcomings of the approach and recommendations for future research of the model.
Johnson-McMillin syndrome: report of a new case with novel features.

BACKGROUND Johnson-McMillin syndrome (JMS) is a rare neuroectodermal disorder characterized by alopecia, ear malformations, conductive hearing loss, anosmia/hyposmia, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. It is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner; however, the causative gene has not yet been identified. CASE Herein we report a patient with this condition who exhibits many of the features previously described, including alopecia, malformed auricles, conductive hearing loss, facial asymmetry, and developmental delays. Interestingly, she also has features that have not yet been reported, such as preauricular pits and tags, broad depressions at the lateral aspects of the eyes, and an abnormal left lower eyelid. CONCLUSIONS In addition to demonstrating a pattern of anomalies consistent with JMS, this patient has several unique features. This phenotype supports the involvement of the branchial arches in the embryologic basis of this condition. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2005. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
GOOD PEOPLE DOING DIRTY WORK: A STUDY OF SOCIAL ISOLATION*

Everett Hughes (1964), in his essay “Good People and Dirty Work”, implies that those who engage in dirty work may be defective in some way, a view that reflects society's perception of dirty workers. However, many of them perceive themselves to be good people doing dirty work. In this paper we examine the consequences of this disjunction between the audience's and the self's perception. We examine members of a dirty work occupation: bailbondsmen. Many of these individuals are found to be socially isolated. This isolation is the result of their belief that they have been unjustly accused of corrupt and corrupting behavior and their desire to be seen and accepted as respectable. Rejected by members of respectable society and rejecting association with like others who may taint their attempts for respectability, they become socially isolated. Ironically, by proclaiming their innocence they, unlike their truly accused counterparts, find little social support or possibility of becoming integrated into respectable society.
Conserved restriction sites within the ribosomal RNA genes of vertebrates

We have mapped the cleavage sites of four restriction enzymes which recognize six-base sequences within the nuclear ribosomal (rRNA) genes of twelve vertebrates, including several placental mammals (Homo sapiens, man; Bos taurus, cow; Equus caballus, horse; Sus scofra, pig; Ovis aries, sheep; Rattus rattus, rat), a marsupial (Didelphis marsupialis, opossum), a bird (Gallus domesticus, chicken), an amphibian (Xenopus laevis), a reptile (Alligator mississipiensis), a bony fish (Cynoscion nebulosus, sea trout), and a cartilagenous fish (Carcharhinus species, requiem shark). These animals represent a span of approx. 400 million years of evolutionary divergence. Our data identify restriction sites in the rRNA genes which are highly conserved among higher vertebrates and therefore are likely to be in functionally important regions. Additionally, the restriction enzyme sites identified will be useful in cloning and sequencing the rRNA genes in any vertebrate. Finally, the consistent size and conserved sequence homology suggests that these rRNA gene segments will be useful as internal controls in hybridization experiments involving other genomic regions in vertebrates.
Difference between the calcium- and the phorbol ester-induced association of protein kinase C with phospholipid membrane.

Abstract 1. 1. Membrane association of protein kinase C is thought to be a prerequisite for the activation of the enzyme. 2. 2. We studied the association of the enzyme with liposome. 3. 3. We show here that the mechanisms for the calcium- and the phorbol ester-induced association of protein kinase C with liposome are different from each other. 4. 4. Diacylglycerol is not crucial for the association of the enzyme with liposome.
Reggeization of elementary fermions in arbitrary renormalizable gauge theories

An arbitrary, renormalizable non-Abelian gauge theory with gauge group $\mathcal{G}$ and arbitrary scalar and fermion structure is considered. Necessary conditions for all the fermions of the theory to lie on Regge trajectories are derived. If no fermion transforms as a singlet under $\mathcal{G}$, then all fermions Reggeize. If some fermions transform as singlets under $\mathcal{G}$, then certain group-theoretic constraints on the fermion mass matrix must be satisfied if all fermions are to Reggeize. These methods are applied to the Weinberg-Salam and grand unified theories. As a by-product of this study, kinematical-singularity-free, signatured helicity amplitudes are constructed which allow for $P$ and $\mathrm{CP}$ violation. Such amplitudes may be useful for applications outside the context of the Regge program.
Effect of a 15-day pragmatic hamstring stretching program on hamstring flexibility and single hop for distance test performance.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a 15-day pragmatic hamstring stretching program on lower extremity performance as measured by the single hop for distance test (SHDT) in subjects with limited hamstring flexibility. Thirteen cadets enrolled at a military academy participated in the study. Subjects randomly were assigned to stretch the hamstrings of one lower extremity for 15 consecutive days (experimental lower extremity group) and not stretch the other (control lower extremity group). Pre- and post-test measurements showed significant improvements in the hamstring flexibility and SHDT scores for the experimental lower extremities. No significant change occurred for the control lower extremity group for the AKET and SHDT scores. The results suggest that in addition to a routine 15-day stretching program, a brief purposeful delay between stretching and performance testing may negate the detrimental effect on performance that may be caused by the acute effects of stretching. Because ...
Increased thyroid function without clinical hyperthyroidism in patients with choriocarcinoma.

In 7 patients with metastatic trophoblastic disease, there was laboratory evidence of increased thyroid function. Clinical hyperthyroidism was either not present or minimal, and thyroid gland size was normal. There was uniform elevation of 24-hr radioiodine uptake, serum PBI and BMR, and the serum cholesterol was depressed. This syndrome of altered thyroid function in association with metastatic trophoblastic disease had 3 distinctive features: 1) In spite of laboratory findings of hyperthyroidism, clinical evidence of thyrotoxicosis was usually minimal; 2) in those patients whose tumors responded to treatment with Methotrexate the thyroid function tests returned to normal; 3) evidence of increased hormone secretion was present, whereas normal or decreased thyroidal function has usually been seen with malignancies. Plasma TSH levels were determined in 2 patients and found to be elevated; assay of the tumor from 2 patients revealed TSH activity greater than that of equivalent amounts of blood. It is postul...
Phosphorylation of the RNase III enzyme Drosha at Serine300 or Serine302 is required for its nuclear localization

The RNaseIII enzyme Drosha plays a pivotal role in microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis by cleaving primary miRNA transcripts to generate precursor miRNA in the nucleus. The RNA binding and enzymatic domains of Drosha have been characterized and are on its C-terminus. Its N-terminus harbors a nuclear localization signal. Using a series of truncated Drosha constructs, we narrowed down the segment responsible for nuclear translocation to a domain between aa 270 and aa 390. We further identified two phosphorylation sites at Serine300 (S300) and Serine302 (S302) by mass spectrometric analysis. Double mutations of S→A at S300 and S302 completely disrupted nuclear localization. Single mutation of S→A at S300 or S302, however, had no effect on nuclear localization indicating that phosphorylation at either site is sufficient to locate Drosha to the nucleus. Furthermore, mimicking phosphorylation status by mutating S→E at S300 and/or S→D at S302 restored nuclear localization. Our findings add a further layer of complexity to the molecular anatomy of Drosha as it relates to miRNA biogenesis.
The preparation of (5-aryl-3-isoxazolyl)-ferrocenes from dilithiated acetylferrocene oxime and aromatic esters

Abstract Acetylferrocene oxime was dilithiated with excess lithium diisopropylamide and the resulting C(α),O-dilithiated oxime was condensed at the carbanion-type center with aromatic esters to yield C-acylated intermediates that were quenched and acid-cyclined to the (5-aryl-3-isoxazolyl)-ferrocenes (isoxazolyl-ferrocenes). The resulting products were isolated in yields ranging from 20–76% and purified by recrystallization from ethanol.