cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Status of pilot projects using flywheels for frequency regulation

Grid frequency regulation function addresses the balance between a grid network load and power generated. The system operator generates a frequency regulation signal based on the difference between these two parameters. The goal is to keep the system near nominal 60 or 50 Hz. Traditionally, frequency regulation is managed by varying the output of fossil fuel or hydro generators connected to the electric grid. As an economical alternative, energy storage can be used to provide this service, first, absorbing energy when it is in abundance, then discharging the same for the desired frequency regulation effect. Two flywheel based pilot projects are supported by DOE, California Energy Commission and NYSERDA in NY. The California system has been delivered and connected to the grid at PG&Es DUIT development facility in San Ramon CA. The NY system is in final assembly and will be delivered to Power and Composite Technologies, an industrial user in Amsterdam NY near the end of a distribution feeder. This paper describes and summarize the data generated at these two sites. The objective is to include performance characteristics, quantify ability to deliver reactive power, show results comparison using a variety of control schemes, and estimate economic benefit.
Combining distributed and centralized arbitration schemes for combined input-crosspoint buffered packet switches

Combined input-crosspoint buffered (CICB) packet switches perform input and output arbitrations separately. This arbitration separation permits distributed selection for both inputs and outputs. While input arbitrations are implemented in a distributed manner because inputs are located in different physical locations, output arbitrations can be implemented in either distributed or centralized manner since output arbiters are placed in the buffered crossbar. An advantage of using a centralized output arbitration approach is that more complex schemes can be executed without completely sacrificing the timing efficiency that CICB switches are known to have. In this paper, we introduce a hybrid arbitration approach that combines a distributed selection scheme at the inputs and a centralized selection scheme at the outputs. By using this hybrid approach, we show that a CICB switch with the minimum crosspoint-buffer size provides 100% throughput under admissible traffic that follows the strong law of large numbers, without using speedup.
Activating Adult-Learning Principles Through Small Groups in Preparing Social Work Students to Achieve CSWE Research Competencies

The research classroom is a prime venue for socializing master’s-level students as evidence-based practitioners. This article identifies an innovative approach to teaching research based on five adult-learning principles and the use of small ongoing groups that, when blended as the signature pedagogy, enable students to successfully actualize the Council on Social Work Education Educational Policy and Accreditation Standards required for professional practice. The article describes and discusses the five adult-learning principles that form the basis of this approach and four types of small-group activities that are used over the yearlong course, concluding with implications for reorganizing the traditional research classroom.
The Epstein-Barr Virus Thymidine Kinase Does Not Phosphorylate Ganciclovir or Acyclovir and Demonstrates a Narrow Substrate Specificity Compared to the Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Thymidine Kinase

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) thymidine kinase (TK) was expressed in mammalian 143B TK- cells to investigate its substrate specificity. The herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) TK was similarly expressed for comparison. Both viral TKs conferred a TK+ phenotype on 143B TK- cells. The nucleoside analog ganciclovir (GCV) did not affect the growth of 143B EBV TK or 143B TK- cells but effectively killed 143B HSV-1 TK cells. Furthermore, lysates of 143B EBV TK cells could not phosphorylate GCV, which was confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography. EBV TK, HSV-1 TK, and EBV TK N-, a truncated EBV TK missing 243 N-terminal amino acids, were purified as fusion proteins expressed in bacteria, and all had TK activity. In addition, EBV TK was observed to have a thymidylate kinase activity but could not phosphorylate GCV, acyclovir, or 2'-deoxycytidine. In competition assays, only nucleoside analogs of thymidine significantly inhibited thymidine phosphorylation by EBV TK, with the following rank order: 5-bromodeoxyuridine > zidovudine > stavudine > sorivudine. These results demonstrate that EBV TK substrate specificity is narrower than those of alphaherpesvirus TKs and that thymidine analogs may be the most suitable nucleoside antivirals to target the enzyme. Clinical implications for gammaherpesviruses are discussed.
Relative Effects of Explicit and Implicit Feedback: The Role of Working Memory Capacity and Language Analytic Ability

The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of two cognitive factors (i.e. working memory capacity [WMC] and language analytic ability [LAA]) in the extent to which L2 learners benefit from two different types of feedback (i.e. explicit correction and recasts). Forty-eight adult native speakers of English, who had no previous exposure to the target language (i.e. Turkish), were randomly assigned into explicit correction, recast, and control (no feedback) groups. Learners performed two tasks with a native speaker of Turkish where their errors on two Turkish target structures (i.e. locative and plural) were treated according to their group assignment. Oral production, comprehension, and recognition tests were used to measure learners’ resulting performance. Learners’ WMC and LAA were measured with the operation span task (Turner and Engle 1989) and a subtest of the LLAMA Aptitude Tests (Meara 2005), respectively. Results showed that WMC and LAA moderated the effect of feedback group on both structures. Moreover, follow-up analyses revealed that explicit correction worked better than recasts only when the learners in the compared groups had high cognitive ability (high WMC or high LAA).
Diffuse growth in the fruticose beard lichen Ramalina usnea (L.) R. Howe

Very little is known about how growth is distributed within thalli of fruticose lichens. To determine whether mature, non-apical regions of the beard lichen Ramalina usnea elongate, segments of the broadest axes were marked with thread and measured; thalli were then returned to the field to resume growth for about one year. Growth was evident in all segments measured and increments were roughly proportional to length, suggesting that elongation occurs throughout the thallus. New thallus axes (branches) were organized from buds that emerged from mature tissue, usually along pseudocyphellae and surfaces exposed by breakage. Axes were very fine at their extremities and possessed an inrolled apex from the time of bud emergence. No evidence of apical branching was observed. The thallus cortex consisted of very thick-walled fungal cells oriented longitudinally. In transverse section, cells gave the appearance of being grouped within fascicles, indicating that branch cells grow within the older cell wall material of their neighbours, as occurs in the cortex of Ramalina menziesii and the medullary cord of Usnea longissima. A continued accumulation of cell wall layers may be related to the mature tissue's capacity to sustain elongation growth.
Climate impacts on multidecadal p CO 2 variability in the North Atlantic: 1948–2009

Abstract. The North Atlantic is the most intense region of ocean CO2 uptake in term of units per area. Here, we investigate multidecadal timescale variability of the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) that is due to the natural carbon cycle, using a regional model forced with realistic climate and preindustrial atmospheric pCO2 for 1948–2009. Large-scale patterns of natural pCO2 variability are primarily associated with basin-averaged sea surface temperature (SST) that, in turn, is composed of two parts: the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and a long-term positive SST trend. The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) drives a secondary mode of variability. For the primary mode, positive AMO and the SST trend modify pCO2 with different mechanisms and spatial patterns. Positive AMO is also associated with a significant reduction in dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the subpolar gyre, due primarily to reduced vertical mixing; the net impact of positive AMO is to reduce pCO2 in the subpolar gyre. Through direct impacts on SST, the net effect of positive AMO is to increase pCO2 in the subtropical gyre. From 1980 to present, long-term SST warming has amplified AMO impacts on pCO2.
Student Assessments, Non-Test-Takers, and School Accountability.

Abstract Much attention has focused recently on using student test scores to evaluate public schools. The No Child Left Behind Act of 2002 requires states to test students and evaluate each school's progress toward having all students meet or exceed state standards. Under the law, however, schools only need to test 95% of their students. When some students do not take the test, variability arises in a school's evaluation as the score of each student who did not take the test remains unknown. Using a statewide assessment administered to 11th graders in Illinois, we investigate this source of variation. In our data, 8% of students do not take the test. By applying a bounding technique to the unknown scores of the non‐test‐takers, we show that classifying schools as failing or passing against some fixed threshold frequently can be misleading. We also provide evidence that some schools may be strategically selecting some students to not take the test and, by so doing, increasing the school's test scores.
Trajectories of Wind-Borne Debris in Horizontal Winds and Applications to Impact Testing

This paper considers the trajectories of compact and rod-type wind-borne debris in horizontal winds, using a combination of experimental and numerical studies. These types are representative of the roof gravel and timber members currently used for testing building facades and storm shutters. These studies indicate that the ratio of horizontal debris speed to wind gust speed is primarily a function of the horizontal distance traveled by the debris as it accelerates toward the wind speed. Empirical expressions to approximate the horizontal speed of these debris as a function of travel distance and time are developed, and may be used to establish rational debris impact criteria.
Multifocal dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumours associated with refractory epilepsy

Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumours (DNET) are a common cause of tumour-associated epilepsy, and are usually located in the temporal lobes. We present a case of multifocal DNETs in both infra- and supra-tentorial locations, in a 23-year-old man with a coincident Type I Chiari malformation, presenting with medically refractory focal seizures. The extensive anatomical distribution of the lesions suggests a genetic component in their tumourigenesis.
The development of hippocampal and dorsolateral pallial regions of the cerebral hemisphere in fetal rabbits. IV. Forty-one millimeter stage, intermediate lamina.

The structure of the cerebral hemisphere of the 41 mm rabbit embroy was studied with aniline and Golgi stains. Special attention was devoted to the intermediate lamina which forms the embryonic subcortical white matter. From Golgi preparations, two facts suggest that a simple plan underlies the distribution of most axons in this lamina: (1) axons of neuroblasts in the matrix and intermediate laminae turn in the lower part of this layer; (2) axons of neurons near the base of the cortical plate turn in the upper part of it. Since neuroblasts in the matrix and intermediate laminae are younger than cells forming the cortical plate, it is inferred that increments of growth occur along the lower surface of the intermediate lamina by the addition of new fibers. the factors which effect the growth of axons is not known, but it is possible that growth cones of some neuroblasts are guided through contact with previously formed horizontal fibers of this layer.
Chemical Considerations in the Accelerator Production of N-13: N-13-Nitrosourea Preparation

The preparation of N-13-nitrosoureas from N-13 produced by a Van de Graaff accelerator and a cyclotron are described. Consideration is given to the characteristics of the accelerator which can affect the chemical form of the isotope produced. When the isotope is to be used in chemical synthesis, its initial chemical form dictates the chemical manipulations necessary to obtain the desired final product. Although different chemical precursors can be used to synthesize a common product, the initial chemical form influences the chemical and radiochemical yields, product specific activity, and purity.
Seasonal use of small tributary and main-stem habitats by juvenile steelhead, coho salmon, and Dolly Varden in a southeastern Alaska drainage basin.

Abstract The movement of juvenile salmonids between small tributaries and main-stem habitats in southeast Alaska watersheds is poorly understood. We observed movements of steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss, coho salmon O. kisutch, and Dolly Varden Salvelinus malma between main-stem and tributary habitats at weirs located on tributaries in the Staney Creek watershed in southeast Alaska. We used seasonal relative abundance (catch per unit effort) in eight main-stem reaches and eight tributaries to corroborate observed movement in the two streams with weirs. We observed juvenile steelhead and coho salmon moving through the weirs into tributaries during the fall as flows increased and temperatures decreased. The relative abundance of steelhead was greater in main-stem sites than in tributaries during the summer, whereas during spring and fall relative abundance in the tributaries was similar to that in the main stem. Juvenile coho salmon were abundant in tributaries during all seasons. The relative abundance of Do...
Stizolobic and stizolobinic acids in Amanita pantherina

Abstract Stizolobic acid, β-(6-carboxy-α-pyron-4-yl)alanine and stizolobinic acid, β-(6-carboxy-α-pyron-3-yl)alanine have been isolated from the toxic m
Implementation of a fully 3D system model for brain SPECT with fan- beam-collimator OSEM reconstruction with 3D total variation regularization

In order to improve tomographically reconstructed image quality, we have implemented a fully 3D reconstruction, using an ordered subsets expectation maximization (OSEM) algorithm for fan-beam collimator (FBC) SPECT, along with a volumetric system model- fan-volume system model (FVSM), a modified attenuation compensation, a 3D depth- and angle-dependent resolution and sensitivity correction, and a 3D total variation (TV) regularization. SPECT data were acquired in a 128x64 matrix, in 120 views with a circular orbit. The numerical Zubal brain phantom was used to simulate a FBC HMPAO Tc-99m brain SPECT scan, and a low noise and scatter-free projection dataset was obtained using the SimSET Monte Carlo package. A SPECT scan for a mini-Defrise phantom and brain HMPAO SPECT scans for five patients were acquired with a triple-head gamma camera (Triad 88) equipped with a low-energy high-resolution (LEHR) FBC. The reconstructed images, obtained using clinical filtered back projection (FBP), OSEM with a line-length system model (LLSM) and 3D TV regularization, and OSEM with FVSM and 3D TV regularization were quantitatively studied. Overall improvement in the image quality has been observed, including better axial and transaxial resolution, better integral uniformity, higher contrast-to-noise ration between the gray matter and the white matter, and better accuracy and lower bias in OSEM-FVSM, compared with OSEM-LLSM and clinical FBP.
CO2 and compressive immobilization of C. elegans on-chip.

We present two microfluidic approaches for immobilizing the roundworm C. elegans on-chip. The first approach creates a CO2 micro-environment while the second one utilizes a deformable PDMS membrane to mechanically restrict the worm's movement. An on-chip ‘behavior’ module was used to characterize the effect of these methods on the worm's locomotion pattern. Our results indicate that both methods are appropriate for the short-term (minutes) worm immobilization. The CO2 method offers the additional advantages of long-term immobilization (1–2 hours) and reduced photobleaching, if fluorescent imaging during immobilization is required. We envision the use of these methods in a wide variety of biological studies in C. elegans, including cell developmental and neuronal regeneration studies.
Single-event transient mitigation in sub-micron combinational circuits

In this paper we use a pair of cross-coupled inverters as a weak-latch to mitigate Single Event Transient (SET) effects in combinational logic for sub-micron technologies. A weak-latch is added to a sequential element input to slow down the data transitions and as a result filters out SET pulses that are faster than its delay. By applying this method we succeed to completely filter out transient pulse widths of up to 350 ps and to decrease SET pulse widths of up to 500 ps by more than 50%. SET pulse width measurements from 2-D TCAD simulations show that for 65-nm technology SET pulses induced by heavy ion particles with energies up to 14 MeV.cm2/mg can be completely filtered while SET pulses produced by particles with energies up to 20 MeV.cm2/mg are narrowed down by more than half of their original pulse width by using this weak-latch.
INTRODUCTION TO CONFORMAL INVARIANCE

The treatment of conformal invariance includes the mechanics of this theory, the construction of conformal invariant Green functions, various anomalies, and fixed points. (JFP)
Androgen receptor mutation in Kennedy's disease.

Kennedy9sdisease is an X–linked form of motor neuron disease caused by an expanded polyglutamine repeat in the androgen receptor. While the expansion mutation causes some loss of transcriptional activity by the androgen receptor, the predominant effect of expansion is probably a toxic gain of function, similar to the mechanism of other polyglutamine expansion diseases. Features of the neurodegenerative phenotype of Kennedy9sdisease have now been reproduced in transgenic animals and neuronal cell culture. Nuclear inclusions of mutant androgen receptor protein are found in these model systems and in autopsy samples from patients with Kennedy9sdisease.
Influence of treatment effectiveness information on the acceptability of classroom interventions.

How information about the effectiveness of three classroom interventions influences teachers' acceptability ratings was the central issue investigated. A measure of treatment effectiveness, the Behavior Intervention Rating Scale (BIRS), was designed to differentiate between the constructs of treatment effectiveness and treatment acceptability and to investigate their relationship. Teachers(N=216)rated one of three different classroom interventions: token economy, response cost, or time-out. Each subject was provided a description of a problem situation that consisted of either a mild or severe problem behavior. Effectiveness information accompanying each intervention varied. A factor analysis of the BIRS demonstrated that the scale differentiated between the constructs of effectiveness and acceptability. A multivariate analysis of the teachers' ratings revealed two significant findings: a main effect for intervention, and an interaction between problem severity and effectiveness information. The token economy and response cost interventions were statistically similar and both were rated significantly more acceptable and effective than the time-out intervention. Follow-up analysis of the inteaction indicated that with a mild problem, research-based outcome information increased acceptability ratings more than if no information was given. These results are discussed in terms of past research, directions for futute investigations, and practical implications for school-based consultants.
Mass media and political issue perceptions

Based on one intensive survey of media behavior and a series of other national surveys, the study shows that holding issue positions and perceptions of major party candidates' issue positions are functions of media exposure to public affairs media. Imagery, moreover, is diffuse and not particularistic.
On: “3-D traveltime compuation using the fast marching method” (J. A. Sethian and A. M. Popovici, GEOPHYSICS, 64, 516–523).

The Sethian and Popovici paper “3-D traveltime computation using the fast marching method” that appeared in Geophysics, Vol. 64, 516–523, discussed a method to solve the eikonal equation for first arrival traveltimes which was called the “fast marching” method. The method, as the authors demonstrated, is very fast and stable. However, their method is very similar to the method discussed by F. Qin et al. (1992), entitled “Finite difference solution of the eikonal equation along expanding wavefronts,” Geophysics, Vol. 57, 478–487. F. Qin et al. first proposed the “expanding wavefront” method for solving eikonal equation in the 60th Ann. Internat. Mtg. of the SEG in 1990.
Visual analytics of heterogeneous data for criminal event analysis VAST challenge 2015: Grand challenge

We developed a visual analytics system to analyze the provided heterogeneous 2015 VAST Challenge data. This system utilized several analytic models and visualization techniques. Currently, the underlying data models and clustering techniques have limitations in processing the large volume of data in real time. Therefore, for future work, we will improve the scalability of our system to support real time interactivity and analysis.
Soya Bean Seed Growth and Maturation by In Vitro Pod Culture

Immature Glycine max (L.) Merr. seeds initially at 50-70 mg fresh weight were successfully grown and matured in vitro in detached pods. Surface sterilized pods were floated in a liquid medium containing 5 per cent sucrose, minerals, and glutamine in 125 ml Erlenmeyer flasks and incubated at 25 °C under 350-400 /iE m-2 s_1 white light. Seeds which were matured in vitro increased tenfold in dry weight, were visually similar to commercial seeds of the same size, were tolerant to desiccation and germinated with normal seedling growth. Excised pods transported dye from the pedicel to the growing seed within 1 20 min. Soya bean pod culture is a useful technique to study the influence of single or combinations of chemical or environmental parameters on regulation of seed growth, seed maturation, and subsequent germination events without the confounding interactions with the mother plant.
Targeted fibrillar nanocarbon RNAi treatment of acute kidney injury

RNA interference has tremendous yet unrealized potential to treat a wide range of illnesses. Innovative solutions are needed to protect and selectively deliver small interfering RNA (siRNA) cargo to and within a target cell to fully exploit siRNA as a therapeutic tool in vivo. Herein, we describe ammonium-functionalized carbon nanotube (fCNT)-mediated transport of siRNA selectively and with high efficiency to renal proximal tubule cells in animal models of acute kidney injury (AKI). fCNT enhanced siRNA delivery to tubule cells compared to siRNA alone and effectively knocked down the expression of several target genes, includingTrp53,Mep1b,Ctr1, andEGFP A clinically relevant cisplatin-induced murine model of AKI was used to evaluate the therapeutic potential of fCNT-targeted siRNA to effectively halt the pathogenesis of renal injury. Prophylactic treatment with a combination of fCNT/siMep1band fCNT/siTrp53significantly improved progression-free survival compared to controls via a mechanism that required concurrent reduction of meprin-1β and p53 expression. The fCNT/siRNA was well tolerated, and no toxicological consequences were observed in murine models. Toward clinical application of this platform, fCNTs were evaluated for the first time in nonhuman primates. The rapid and kidney-specific pharmacokinetic profile of fCNT in primates was comparable to what was observed in mice and suggests that this approach is amenable for use in humans. The nanocarbon-mediated delivery of siRNA provides a therapeutic means for the prevention of AKI to safely overcome the persistent barrier of nephrotoxicity during medical intervention.
Partial oxidation of propane with CO2 on Ru doped catalysts

The catalytic activity and stability of Ru doped CeO2 and Ru doped ZrO2 are investigated and compared for the partial oxidation of propane using carbon dioxide as an oxidant. On both the reducible Ru doped ceria and the irreducible Ru doped zirconia catalysts, the major products of propane partial oxidation were CO and H2 when CO2 is used as an oxidant, and the two catalysts had comparable activity below 450 °C. In addition to dry reforming products, the Ru doped CeO2 produced small quantities of methane above 450 °C. Neither catalyst showed measurable selectivity for oxidative dehydrogenation activity of propane-to-propylene with CO2 or CO. Coke formation will limit the utility of either catalyst for dry reforming of propane in practice.
Kilovolt 33 S(n,alpha 0 ) and 33 S(n,γ) cross sections: Importance in the nucleosynthesis of the rare nucleus 36 S

The $^{33}\mathrm{S}(n, {\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{0})$ and $^{33}\mathrm{S}(n, \ensuremath{\gamma})$ cross sections have been measured from \ensuremath{\sim}10 to \ensuremath{\sim}700 keV. Resonance parameters are given for 39 resonances. The level spacing is determined to be 9.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.9 keV. The $\ensuremath{\sigma}(n, {\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{0})$ and $\ensuremath{\sigma}(n, \ensuremath{\gamma})$ cross sections are averaged over a Maxwellian distribution for values of $\mathrm{kT}$ from 25 to 275 keV. When these cross sections are used in a nucleosynthesis calculation of the rare isotope $^{36}\mathrm{S}$, the overproduction of this isotope, relative to the other nuclei formed in the universe, is reduced from a factor of 10 to 2.5.
Redburn's Prosy Old Guidebook

I will not quote thee, old Morocco, before the cold face of the marble-hearted world; for your antiquities would only be skipped and dishonoured by shallow-minded readers; and for me, I should be charged with swelling out my volume by plagiarizing from a guidebook—the most vulgar and ignominious of thefts!—Redburn. The purpose of this paper is to add another chapter to the constantly growing account of Melville as a writer who, in calculating his effects, often had recourse to travel diaries and guidebooks to furnish him with factual information and with dramatic episodes, which appear as the authentic experiences of his characters. In this instance the book is Redburn, the novel which he regarded as one of the least of his works, but which many besides John Masefield have admired as a spirited and sometimes harrowing narrative of a boy's running away to sea.
Vascular endothelial function and oxidative stress are related to dietary niacin intake among healthy middle-aged and older adults.

We tested the hypothesis that vascular endothelial function and oxidative stress are related to dietary niacin intake among healthy middle-aged and older adults. In 127 men and women aged 48–77 yr,...
Novel Current Sensor Principle Based on Hollow Coils

A novel current measuring principle based on hollow coils is proposed,on which the current is measured through several coils placed around conductors according to certain rules.Firstly,based on the electromagnetic induction law and BiotSavart law,the relationship between induced voltage of single coil and the conductor current is derived.On this basis,the method of measuring the single-phase current and that of measuring the three-phase current are presented,respectively and verified by simulation and experimental results.Finally,the measurement deviation caused by actual factors is analyzed.And the relative error curve of the sensor in the coil installing process is obtained through simulation.
The Application and Researc of Automatic Quasi-Synchronizing Deveice Based on Programmable Logic Controller

In the power system,parallel operation is an important operation that frequently used in the power plants.It plays an important role in the safe and reliable,and stable operation of the system.In order to develop the parallel operations technique of power system,the author developed a PLC automatic quasi-synchronizing deveice based on the technology of programmable.It has simple hardware structure,reliable performance,high measurement precision,fast computing speed,and configure the control strategy of PID nonlinear integral.The device can quickly and accurately realize generator interconnection.This paper mainly introduces the design principle,hardware and software design and characteristics of PLC automatic quasi-synchronizing deveice.
Substituted 2-(Dimethylamino)biphenyl-2'-carboxaldehydes as Substrates for Studying n→π* Interactions and as a Promising Framework for Tracing the Bürgi-Dunitz Trajectory.

The Burgi–Dunitz trajectory traces points along the pathway of bond formation between a nucleophile and electrophile. Previous X-ray crystallographic studies of some molecules containing a nucleophilic nitrogen atom and electrophilic carbonyl group provided some initial evidence for various degrees of bond formation via initial n→π* interactions. Observation of a complete set of points along the trajectory, however, has not yet been attained. In this paper, we present a DFT computational study investigating substituted 2-(dimethylamino)biphenyl-2′-carboxaldehydes as substrates for further examination of n→π* interactions and as a potential framework for more complete tracing of the Burgi–Dunitz trajectory. These compounds are particulary suitable for study because of the rotational freedom granted by the C–C bond connecting the two aromatic rings allowing the molecule to choose the degree of interaction between the two complementary groups. The extent of interaction is measured by interatomic distance, NB...
Alcohol Consumption and Metabolic Syndrome Among Hispanics/Latinos: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

Abstract Background: The association between alcohol consumption and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Hispanic/Latino populations has not been studied in great detail. Our study examined the relationship between alcohol consumption and MetS among U.S. Hispanics/Latinos and explored whether this relationship varied by age, body mass index, gender, and Hispanic/Latino backgrounds. Methods: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) is a multisite, prospective, population-based, cohort study of Hispanics/Latinos, ages 18–74 years from four U.S. communities. Participants were categorized into never, former, occasional, low, moderate, and high alcohol consumption categories. A cross-sectional analysis of 15,905 participants with complete data was conducted. Survey design appropriate chi-squared and logistic regression models were run to detect significant associations between alcohol consumption categories and cases of MetS. Results: Almost half (47.4%) of the sample was classified as occas...
Solid-State Power Amplifiers

This chapter will consider the design of linear PAs for the 1.6- to 30-MHz range at power levels up to 1000 W. Only linear operation will be covered, as it is commonly used in most SSB transmitters. It also forms the basis of the more sophisticated applications covered in Chapter 13. The normal HF range, usually considered as 3.0 and 30 MHz, has been extended over recent years to the top of the AM broadcast band at 1600 kHz. This is a result of increased military and maritime usage, coupled with advances in solid-state technology.
Abstract 193: Epigenetic regulation of Notch1 signaling-driven melanoma progression

Proceedings: AACR 106th Annual Meeting 2015; April 18-22, 2015; Philadelphia, PA Objectives. Aberrant Notch signaling promotes melanoma progression, yet the underlying molecular mechanism remains largely unknown. We hypothesized a potential involvement of epigenetic mechanism in this process and sought to identify Notch-regulated miRNAs and their functional targets. Methods. Notch-regulated miRNAs were identified by examining miRNA profiles in response to Notch activation/inhibition in human melanoma cells using RT2-miRNAArray. The role of specific miRNA in mediating the oncogenic effect of the Notch signaling was studied by testing whether alteration of miRNA expression could reverse the Notch's effects on melanoma cell growth, survival and colony-formation in vitro, and lung metastasis in vivo. The targets of the Notch-regulated miRNA were identified by searching miRNA target database and validated by immunoblot. The roles of miRNA targets in mediating the Notch's oncogenic effects were further assessed by in vitro colony-formation and in vivo lung metastasis assays. Results. Notch activation down-regulated mi143 in melanoma cells. Reconstituted expression of mi143 antagonized Notch1's oncogenic effect. The anti-oncogenic effect of mi143 is mediated by inhibiting Notch1-induced expression of FGF-1, uPA and uPAR since expression of these targets was up-regulated by the Notch1 activation while down-regulated by reconstituted overexpression of mi143. Supplementation of exogenous FGF-1 or reconstituted expression of uPA/uPAR, but not uPA alone, reversed the suppressive effect of mir143 on Notch-enhanced melanoma cells colony formation in soft-agar or lung metastasis in SCID mice. Conclusions. Notch activation up-regulates expression of FGF-1, uPA and uPAR through down-regulating mi143 expression in melanoma cells. mi143 is responsible for mediating aberrant Notch signaling-driven melanoma progression. The effect of down-regulated mi143 is transmitted through elevated FGF-1 and enhanced uPA-uPAR signaling activity, but not enzyme activity of uPA. This study unveils novel Notch1/mi143/FGF-1 and Notch1/mi143/uPA-uPAR cascades and uncovers an epigenetic mechanism underlying the oncogenic effect of Notch signaling, and provides potential novel targets for melanoma prognosis and therapy. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Ling Yin, Qinghua Huang, Alan S. Livingstone, Omaida C. Velazquez, Zhao-Jun Liu. Epigenetic regulation of Notch1 signaling-driven melanoma progression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 193. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-193
Evaluations of buparvaquone as a treatment for equine babesiosis (Babesia equi)

We evaluated the efficacy of buparvaquone in eliminating Babesia equi of European origin in carrier horses and in experimentally infected splenectomized ponies. When administered at the rate of 2.5 mg/kg of body weight, IM, 4 times at 96-hour intervals, buparvaquone was effective in eliminating B equi carrier infection in 1 horse. Such results could not be repeated at the same dosage or at 3.5 or 5 mg/kg, IM. Buparvaquone given at the rate of 4 to 6 mg/kg IV and/or IM was therapeutically effective in 4 of 5 acute B equi infections in splenectomized ponies. The treated ponies became carriers.
En torno a la autoridad narrativa en "Casa de campo"

El esclarecimiento de la autoridad narrativa de una obra literaria, principalmente cuando esta autoridad proyecta oscuridad, complejidad o ambigiiedad, puede ser determinante en cuanto a las posibilidades aprehensivas de un texto. A menudo, este descubrimiento se transforma en un requisito y punto de partida para entrar al mundo narrativo que se construye. En Casa de campo ( 1 978), la existencia de un autor que se inserta en el mundo novelesco encubre una singular estrategia que no solo confunde y deja perplejo al lector sino que, a un nivel mas profundo, cuestiona, discurre y expone algunos fundamentos de la naturaleza de la realidad ficcional en general y de la realidad ficcional de la novela Casa de campo en particular. No representa ninguna dificultad advertir que Casa de campo es una novela en la que se conjuga lo tradicional con lo moderno. Mejor aun, lo moderno se construye ampliando lo antiguo, exacerbandolo. Especificamente, nos referimos al proceso de construccion del relato, que abarca la presencia del autor y el mundo que este construye. Formalmente, el proceso de construccion del mundo ficcional es uno de los rasgos mas sobresalientes de la novela. En este proceso, el aspecto liidico, rasgo evidente en gran parte de la narrativa de Donoso y bastante sobajado por la critica en sus diversas expresiones, viene a ocupar un lugar prominente por el constante juego del acercamiento y del distanciamiento que el autor emplea para desfamiliarizar al lector en cuanto al caracter de la realidad ficticia.
Nano-structured wild moth cocoon fibers as radiative cooling and waveguiding optical materials

The study shows that comet moth cocoon fibers exhibit radiative cooling properties with enhanced solar reflectivity and thermal emissivity. Optical waveguiding due to transverse Anderson localization of light is also observed in these natural fibers.
Survival following segmentectomy and lobectomy for stage I non-small cell lung cancer.

7064 Background: Although lobectomy is considered the standard surgical treatment forstage IA non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), limited resections are frequently performed for patients with poor ...
Drosophila CRY Entrains Clocks in Body Tissues to Light and Maintains Passive Membrane Properties in a Non-clock Body Tissue Independent of Light

Summary Circadian (∼24 hr) clocks regulate daily rhythms in physiology, metabolism, and behavior via cell-autonomous transcriptional feedback loops. In Drosophila , the blue-light photoreceptor CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) synchronizes these feedback loops to light:dark cycles by binding to and degrading TIMELESS (TIM) protein. CRY also acts independently of TIM in Drosophila to alter potassium channel conductance in arousal neurons after light exposure, and in many animals CRY acts independently of light to repress rhythmic transcription. CRY expression has been characterized in the Drosophila brain and eyes, but not in peripheral clock and non-clock tissues in the body. To investigate CRY expression and function in body tissues, we generated a GFP-tagged- cry transgene that rescues light-induced behavioral phase resetting in cry 03 mutant flies and sensitively reports GFP-CRY expression. In bodies, CRY is detected in clock-containing tissues including Malpighian tubules, where it mediates both light-dependent TIM degradation and clock function. In larval salivary glands, which lack clock function but are amenable to electrophysiological recording, CRY prevents membrane input resistance from falling to low levels in a light-independent manner. The ability of CRY to maintain high input resistance in these non-excitable cells also requires the K + channel subunits Hyperkinetic , Shaker , and ether-a-go-go . These findings for the first time define CRY expression in Drosophila peripheral tissues and reveal that CRY acts together with K + channels to maintain passive membrane properties in a non-clock-containing peripheral tissue independent of light.
66 College men’s perceptions of sexual perpetration behaviour

Background Between 8%–30% of college men engage in sexual perpetration. Yet, there are no effective intervention programs designed to change the behaviour of individual men at risk for sexual perpetration. In addition, recent research has shown that 95% of college men who engage in rape, the most severe form of sexual perpetration, do not label their behaviour as rape. This lack of acknowledgment or distortion in perception may represent a cognitive mechanism of sexual perpetration. The goal of this study was to examine whether college men can accurately label sexual perpetration in peers and correlates of these labels. Methods 500 college men participated in this web-based study. Participants were randomly assigned to complete 1 of 4 experimental vignettes which portrayed a sexual assault. Vignettes varied by the gender and sexual orientation of the person being sexually victimised. Participants were asked to choose a label to describe the behaviour in the vignette. Participants also completed questionnaires to assess their own history of sexual perpetration, history of dating violence, knowledge of sexual perpetration in peers, impulsivity, and beliefs about responsibility for violence. Preliminary Results 90.4% of participants were accurate in labelling the vignette as either rape or sexual assault. Less than 5% of participants labelled their own behaviour as rape; yet, approximately 25% of the sample reporting engaging in rape. Future analyses will examine the correlates of labelling. Conclusions These results suggest a large number of college men who engage in rape do understand what rape is; yet do not label their own behaviour accurately. This suggests the inaccurate labelling of their own behaviour is the result of motivated cognition; in other words, they rationalise and minimise the consequences of their behaviour.
High Interspecimen Variability in Nucleic Acid Extraction Efficiency Necessitates the Use of Spike-In Control for Accurate qPCR-based Measurement of Plasma Cell-Free DNA Levels.

Objective To assess the interspecimen variability associated with plasma DNA extraction in order to provide insight regarding the necessity to use an exogenous spike-in control when measuring cell-free DNA (cfDNA) levels using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Methods Plasma specimens were obtained from 8 healthy individuals, 20 patients with cardiovascular disease risk factors, and 54 patients diagnosed with acute stroke. Specimens were spiked with an exogenous oligonucleotide fragment, and total DNA was extracted via automated solid phase anion exchange. We determined recovery of the exogenous fragment via qPCR and used this information to calculate DNA extraction efficiency. Results Plasma DNA extraction efficiencies varied dramatically between specimens, ranging from 22.9% to 88.1%, with a coefficient of variance of 28.9%. No significant differences in DNA extraction efficiencies were observed between patient populations. Conclusions We strongly recommend the use of an exogenous spike-in control to account for variance in plasma DNA extraction efficiency when assessing cell free DNA (cfDNA) levels by qPCR in future biomarker investigations.
New insight into the role of autophagy in tumorigenesis

Autophagy plays an important role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Its dysfunction can cause many diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic diseases and cancer. The role of autophagy in carcinogenesis is complex, as it was shown to have pro-tumorigenic functions in some reports, but anti-tumorigenic functions in others. By using mice with hepatocyte-specific knockout of Atg5, a gene essential for autophagy, we had previously demonstrated that impairing autophagy in hepatocytes would induce oxidative stress and DNA damage, followed by the initiation of hepatocarcinogenesis. Interestingly, these mice developed only benign tumors with no hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), even after they were treated with the carcinogen diethylnitrosamine (DEN), which induced HCC in wild-type mice. Our recent studies indicated that the inability of mice to develop HCC when autophagy was impaired was at least partially due to the activation of the tumor suppressor TP53, which suppressed the expression of NANOG, a transcription factor critical for the self-renewal and the maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs).
A simple solution to the liar

L'A. apporte une solution propositionnaliste au paradoxe du menteur en defendant la these selon laquelle le paradoxe repose sur une proposition L qui n'est pas vraie ou fausse, mais qui est auto-contradictoire et donc tout simplement fausse. Distinguant les concepts de croyance et verite sur lesquels reposent les objections opposees a sa these de l'individuation propositionnelle, l'A. demontre que l'utlisation auto-referentielle de L implique sa propre faussete, a partir de l'idee que chaque proposition implique sa propre verite
PESTICIDE MONITORING STUDIES. THE EPIDEMIOLOGIC AND TOXICOLOGIC POTENTIAL OF URINARY METABOLITES

Accurate expressions of human pesticide exposures and environmental contamination suffer from interpretative difficulties which stem from the use of biologic indices which are indirect and nonspecific measures of human exposure (cholinesterase inhibition). Environmental indices also lack precision due to analytical shortcomings. Our studies of the urinary pesticide metabolites have demonstrated that the alkyl phosphates are highly sensitive expressions of recent human exposure to the organophosphate group of pesticides. Urinary phenolic metabolites, when present as a component of these molecules, are sensitive indicators of recent individual organophosphate exposure. Urinary alkyl phosphates served as ideal diagnostic tools of acute pesticide poisonings and diethyl phosphate (DEP) concentrations greater than 0.4 ug/ml occurred with clinically significant parathion exposure.
Comments on Marriage in Contemporary Culture: Five Models that might help Families:

Questions are answered in relationship to innovative theoretical models derived primarily from the author's teaching experiences in family theory and methodology. Implications of the models for mar...
Evaluating the Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Aquatic Organisms

Publisher Summary The problem of evaluating the effects of ionizing radiation on plants and animals has been there for more than three decades, and the number of radiation effects studies is indeed large. Whereas in the past, the concern has been with fallout radionuclides released from nuclear detonations, the present concern is radioactive releases from various facilities of the nuclear fuel cycle. These radionuclides enter or are transported into the aquatic environment, where they cycle or concentrate in the biotic and abiotic compartments of the aquatic system. Organisms living in such systems are exposed to chronic irradiation from their surrounding environment and from internal emitters taken in via the food chain and incorporated into their tissues. A major problem in studying natural populations exposed to radiation significantly higher than background is determining radiation dose received by the individuals in the population and then relating dose to effects. This chapter reviews data in which the radiation dose to biota in such environments has been calculated or measured. It also reviews data on the effects of radiation on aquatic organisms, with focus being on the data dealing with chronic low-level radiation.
The Aluminum Industry in the 1980’s

About four years ago, two years after the first OPEC oil embargo, economic projections into the future showed four major problems facing the aluminum industry in the 1980’s and beyond: 1. Ever increasing cost and probable decreasing availability of all energy, more pointedly, electrical energy. 2. Dependence on foreign supplies of raw materials—bauxite and petroleum, from which anode coke is made. 3. High capital intensity—ever increasing capital investment per annual ton of aluminum. 4. Ever tightening environmental controls of evolutions and waste disposal.