cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Faith meets the Human Genome Project: religious factors in the public response to genetics

Providers of genetic services need to be broadly aware of the role that religious beliefs can play in the public's understanding of genetic information and of the choices that are posed. This paper identifies three religious themes that tend to arise when religious people, especially Christians, are involved in genetic testing and pre-symptomatic diagnosis. The first theme of fate and freedom leads to the prediction that religious people will be less likely than others to ascribe fatalistic or deterministic powers to genes but will want to maintain room for human and divine freedom, and that perhaps they will err too much in this direction. The second theme, having to do with religious community, suggests that religious people will experience a tension between the need for genetic privacy and the desire to share personal concerns with their faith community. Third, religious people regard the unborn with respect, even if not all regard the fetus as a person. Those who accept abortion for genetic reasons ar...
Two views at strained nanocrystals from the opposite sides of spatial resolution limit

From the unique paths charted by two synchrotron communities to the challenges they both faced, this article compares the two approaches: x-ray scattering and x-ray absorption spectroscopy towards the goal of strain determination in nanometer-scale metal clusters, and the special role Ian Robinson's work played in the process.
Chapter 2 – Non-Fermi Liquid Behavior in Heavy Fermion Systems

Landau's Fermi liquid theory successfully describes the low temperature properties of most normal metals. However, numerous U-, Ce-, and Yb-based heavy fermion systems show deviations from Fermi liquid behavior, e.g., the specific heat follows a T ln(T0/T) or power-law in T behavior, the temperature dependence of the resistivity is approximately linear in T and the magnetic susceptibility has anomalies at low T. The non-Fermi liquid (NFL) behavior is frequently attributed to the presence of a nearby quantum critical point (QCP). First we briefly review the fundamentals of Landau's phenomenological Fermi liquid theory. Then we discuss the microscopic origin of heavy electrons through the Kondo and Anderson lattices. According to Doniach's picture the competition of the Kondo effect with the Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida interaction leads to a magnetically ordered phase and a Fermi liquid phase separated by a QCP. This instability of the Fermi liquid is the origin of the NFL behavior. To stress that QCPs and NFL behavior are a natural occurrence in low dimensional critical phenomena, we discuss several examples: the multichannel Kondo model, Luttinger liquids, the anisotropic Heisenberg chain and long-range order in two dimensions. The essentials of the Hertz–Millis–Moriya theory for criticality near a QCP for interacting itinerant electrons are presented. Disorder driven quantum criticality is briefly addressed. The results for a microscopic model for quantum criticality due to nested Fermi surfaces are analyzed. Several experimental examples, Ce(Ru1–xFex)2Ge2, CeIn3, YbRh2Si2, CeCu5.9Au0.1, and CeAuSb2, showing the breakdown of the Fermi liquid are described.
Robot control via region-based 3d reconstruction

Reconstructive visual control of mobile robots currently focuses on sparse image features, e.g., points and lines. This work extends the reach of 3d reasoning to inexpensive – and increasingly ubiquitous – platforms whose visual input consists of segmented regions, rather than raw pixels. We propose and evaluate a pair of algorithms that enable two fundamental facets of robot control: obstacle avoidance and landmark reacquisition. Our results suggest that space-carving outperforms triangulation when using image regions to reason about one’s 3d environment.
Issues in the practical implementation of POCT: overcoming challenges

There are many challenges in implementing a successful point-of-care testing (POCT) program. When compared to traditional testing, POCT results are faster and allow for rapid patient treatment. Unfortunately, the excitement of this technology is often lost due to an assortment of practical obstacles. Implementation of POCT requires consideration of the regulatory complexity and amount of documentation to be compliant. As more tests move to the site of patient care, the number of operators that need to be trained and assessed will grow. An effective POCT program rests solely on the foundation of education and training of each operator, but assuring regular competency updates for a large number of staff can be a management issue. Discussed in this article are several of the key obstacles to implementing a POCT program including laboratory quality regulations, compliance documentation and operational management challenges.
Differential Laser-Induced Perturbation Spectroscopy Method for Biological Material Classification

Novel differential laser-induced perturbation spectroscopy (DLIPS) Raman and fluorescence scattering probes are used to classify biologically relevant components. Its performance is shown as compared to traditional Raman and fluorescence probes.
Health insurance and hospital technology adoption.

Purpose – This chapter discusses the relationship between health insurance and hospitals’ decisions to adopt medical technologies. I focus on both how the extent of insurance coverage can increase incentives to adopt new treatments, and how the parameters of the insurance contract can impact the types of treatments adopted. Methodology/approach – I provide a review of the previous theoretical and empirical literature and highlight evidence on this relationship from previous expansions of Medicaid eligibility to low-income pregnant women. Findings – While health insurance has important effects on individual-level choices of health care consumption, increases in the fraction of the population covered by insurance has also been found to have broader supply side effects as hospitals respond to changes in demand by changing the type of care offered. Furthermore, hospitals respond to the design of insurance contracts and adopt more or less cost-effective technologies depending on the incentive system. Research limitations/implications – Understanding how insurance changes supply side incentives is important as we consider future changes in the insurance landscape. Originality/value of paper – With these previous findings in mind, I conclude with a discussion of how the Affordable Care Act may alter hospital technology adoption incentives by both expanding coverage and changing payment schemes.
Computer modeling of ultrashort pulsed laser ablation of diamond and graphite with experimental verification

Ultrashort pulsed lasers create a fundamentally different ablation mechanism than that of conventional pulsed lasers because of the ultrashort laser pulse's extreme intensity (>10^W/cm^ and time duration ( 10"'s). Consequently, a thermally excited plasma is generated in a cool lattice. Assumptions used in conventional pulsed laser ablation, such as the assumption that absorption processes are governed by the Beer-Lambert Law and that thermal equilibrium of the electrons and lattice is achieved, are invalid for ultrashort pulses. In this work, computer modeling of ultrashort pulsed ablation was performed for large band-gap insulating solids such as diamond. A two-step model was developed in which a heat transfer, finite-difference model was formulated and tightbinding molecular dynamics simulations were performed to evaluate the dynamics of ablation events. The heat transfer model incorporated intensit\^ dependent absorption of the laser light by the electrons and predicted the thermal profiles within the electrons from the start of a laser pulse to 1 ps. The tight-binding molecular dynamics predicted the threshold electron temperatures (room temperature lattice) and overall equilibrium temperature (electron and lattice at the same temperature) required for changes in structure and ablation to occur in the material. The results of both simulations were then used to predict ablation threshold, ablation volume, and the size of the heat-affected zone within the material. Ultrashort pulsed laser ablation experiments were performed on chemical vapor deposited and on single crystal diamonds, as well as on highly-oriented pyroKndc graphite, in order to verify the model predictions. Scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, profilometry, and micro-Raman spectroscopy were employed to characterize the ablated surfaces.
A subset of fat-predominant angiomyolipomas label for MDM2: a potential diagnostic pitfall.

Summary Angiomyolipomas (AMLs) are typically benign mesenchymal tumors with variable histologic composition. Fat-predominant AMLs can mimic well-differentiated liposarcomas (WDLSs) both radiographically and histologically because of the abundance of fat with admixed atypical cells resembling lipoblasts. However, the treatment and prognosis of AMLs and WDLSs are vastly different. Immunohistochemistry for murine double minute 2 (MDM2) has been used to support a diagnosis of WDLS; however, MDM2 labeling has not been specifically evaluated in fat-predominant AMLs. Here, we evaluated MDM2 immunohistochemistry in 36 AMLs (including 14 conventional AMLs, 13 fat-predominant AMLs, 6 fat-rich AMLs, 3 epithelioid AMLs) and 10 WDLSs. In addition, we labeled cases for HMB45, calponin, or actin, which are immunostains traditionally used to label AML. We performed fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for MDM2 amplification on selected cases. By immunohistochemistry, 14% (5/36) of AMLs were MDM2+, including 23% (3/13) of fat-predominant AMLs. All MDM2+ AMLs evaluated by FISH (n=4) were negative for MDM2 amplification. By immunohistochemistry, 90% of WDLSs were MDM2+, and both MDM2+ WDLSs evaluated by FISH (n=2) were MDM2 amplified. All 36 AMLs labeled with HMB45 and calponin or actin. No WDLS labeled with HMB45; however, 80% of WDLSs labeled with calponin or actin. Although uncommon, MDM2 labeling is seen in a subset of fat-predominant AMLs and is a potential diagnostic pitfall in the evaluation of fatty tumors of the retroperitoneum. HMB45 is more sensitive and specific for AML than calponin or actin, and an immunopanel containing both HMB45 and MDM2 may be warranted to distinguish between fat-predominant AML and WDLS in histologically ambiguous cases.
Free radical intermediates and liver cell necrosis

It is now well established that differences in the severity and incidence of tissue damage caused by foreign compounds frequently correlate with differences in the covalent binding of chemically reactive metabolites of the foreign compounds with various intracellular components (Snyder et al, 1982). Although such correlations suggest that the toxicities are caused by chemically reactive metabolites, they usually do not by themselves provide direct proof for the identity of the toxic metabolites nor the sequence of events that results in the manifestation of the tissue damage. Indeed, they simply imply that the covalently bound material and the toxic metabolites are derived from common intermediates (Gillette, 1974a,b).
The Person of African Descent in the Culture of Portuguese America

Those cultural traits of African origin which survived in the New World did so only in the face of a consistent official policy aimed at the eradication of any and all such carryovers. The Portuguese constructed a framework of civil laws, theological dicta, and custom, which were brought together in a determined effort to extirpate all things African, or those carryovers — be they cultural, behavioural, or linguistic — perceived by the white authorities as challenges to the norms which had been so carefully brought by the Portuguese to Brazil, there to be nurtured through the unremitting efforts of kings, viceroys, governors, and colonists. This policy was to be expressed primarily in the following three ways: outright repression and suppression of African manifestations; total eradication, or substantial curtailment of all factors which indirectly or directly were essential to the continuation of an African tradition; adoption of a series of social mechanisms ranging from friendly persuasion or the offering of bribes to coercion and to physical brutality, by which the Portuguese sought to assimilate traditions believed to be of African origin — and here any trait which was not part of the Portuguese norm would be regarded as deviant, and thus suspect — into the dominant white culture with the avowed aim and hope that such alleged Africanisms would be finally eradicated.
Failure and Hope: Fighting for the Rights of the Forcibly Displaced

In 2015, sixty million people were displaced by violent conflict globally - the highest since World War II. National and international policy prevents the displaced from working or moving freely outside the camps set up to 'temporarily' house them. This policy has left the displaced with no right to work and move while they remain displaced for years, if not decades. Based on data on all 61 protracted displacement crises worldwide, fieldwork in seven conflict zones around the world, and in-depth interviews with over 170 humanitarian aid workers, government officials and refugees, this book systematically details the barriers to effective advocacy at every level of governance and shows that failure is the norm. Unlike many academic monographs, it goes further and proposes an alternative way forward that capitalizes on social entrepreneurship, crowd-funding and micro-finance to improve the lives of those that have been forced to flee their homes to find safety.
A prototype emission-transmission imaging system

The prototype imaging system developed can perform simultaneous X-ray transmission CT (computed tomography) and SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) studies of phantoms and small animals. This system uses a small linear detector array which consists of a single high-purity-germanium crystal segmented by ion-implantation into 23 2-mm elements. The detector array and its associated electronics can sustain count rates up to 10/sup 6/ cps/element while maintaining sufficient energy resolution to discriminate between X-rays at tube potentials of 100-120 kV and higher-energy gamma -rays from /sup 99m/Tc and /sup 123/I. The data acquisition system supports two energy windows per channel and may be used for emission-transmission or dual-energy X-ray imaging. Initial studies have demonstrated that X-ray CT and SPECT images acquired with this device are spatially correlated and may be superimposed to localize the SPECT image on the transmission map. Preliminary data also show that it is possible to use dual-energy X-ray CT to derive an object-specific attenuation map at the radionuclide energy. This attenuation map may then be incorporated into an iterative reconstruction algorithm to yield significant improvements in SPECT quantitation. >
A Response to “Diagnostic Performance of Wells Score Combined With Point-of-care Lung and Venous Ultrasound in Suspected Pulmonary Embolism”

We enjoyed the article by Nazerian et al., Diagnostic performance of Wells’ Score combined with point-of-care lung and venous ultrasound in suspected pulmonary embolism [1]. We recognize the need to safely exclude the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) without the use of ionizing radiation through use of evidence-based clinical decision aids (CDAs). We agree that point-of-care ultrasound can play a role in the evaluation of suspected PE. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Fundamentals of Cold Spray Processing: Evolution and Future Perspectives

Cold gas dynamic spraying, or cold spraying (CS), is a solid-state coating process wherein powders in a carrier gas are accelerated toward a substrate. Under sufficiently high impact velocities, the powder particles deform plastically and adhere to the substrate. Metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites can be deposited using CS. Among currently available surface coating technologies, CS offers several advantages over thermal spraying, because it utilizes kinetic rather than thermal energy for deposition. This avoids residual stresses, oxidation, and undesirable chemical reactions. The intent to develop new material systems with enhanced properties that fulfill the required surface and interface functionalities for components with many applications has inspired CS investigations of many material combinations. The number of studies and patents on CS and CS-related technologies has increased exponentially in recent years, establishing much new information in a short time. In this chapter, the process of CS is discussed from mechanistic and technological perspectives, including its general operating parameters, current applications to specific material systems, and ongoing research increasing the scope of the technique. A critical discussion on developing CS technologies examines the microstructural bonding mechanisms utilized in variations on the process. Future investigations are suggested, particularly in quantitatively linking CS processing parameters to the behaviors of material systems during impact. This chapter briefly summarizes the rapidly expanding common knowledge on CS to assist researchers and engineers in future endeavors with this technology.
Optic flow and vestibular self-movement cues: multi-sensory interactions in cortical area MST

An efficient observer must optimize the use of sensory signals about self-movement. Optimization includes adaptation to the varying availability of cues in the range of environments that are encountered. Because vision dominates sensation in primates, the critical distinction in self-movement environments is that between self-movement in darkness and in light.
The presence and extent of extracapsular extension (ECE) and the need for axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in patients who meet ACOSOG Z11 eligibility criteria.

1019 Background: Whether ECE mandates ALND in patients with ≤2 positive sentinel nodes (SN) is controversial. ACOSOG Z11 excluded patients with matted nodes, but did not comment on microscopic ECE....
On-Farm Corn and Soybean Fertilizer Demonstration Trials

All cropping systems require fertilizer inputs to maintain crop yields. However, excess fertilizer, especially nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), can increase problems with water quality. Micronutrients are required for all crops. Starter fertilizer has been shown to occasionally increase corn yields, but is a lesser tested practice in soybean. It is important for farmers to use the appropriate rates and methods of fertilizer application to optimize yields and minimize the impact on the environment. The purpose of these trials was to investigate the effect of various fertilizer and practices on crop yield.
The Probability That Catatonia in the Hospital has a Medical Cause and the Relative Proportions of Its Causes: A Systematic Review.

Objective The objective of this review is to determine the probability that catatonia in the hospital has a secondary cause (“medical catatonia”) and to calculate the relative proportions of these causes stratified by hospital setting. Methods PRISMA systematic review of PubMed. Results Eleven studies were included. Hospital-wide, 20% of catatonia was medical. In acute medical and surgical settings, medical catatonia comprised more than half of cases. At least 80% of older adults seen by consult psychiatry and critically ill patients had a medical cause. Two thirds of medical catatonia involved CNS-specific disease including encephalitis, neural injury, developmental disorders, structural brain pathology, or seizures. Conclusions Patients in acute medical and surgical settings with catatonia deserve a medical workup that prioritizes CNS etiologies.
Staying Out of Trouble

“This thorn in my side is from the tree I've planted.” All it takes is one careless act to place you in the hot seat for months or years where you might watch your personal, professional, and financial life crumble around you.An estate planner may become a defendant in a case involving an estate he or she planned in two main ways. First, the attorney may have performed his or her services in a negligent manner potentially creating exposure to malpractice liability. Second, the attorney’s conduct may have lapsed below ethically acceptable standards. This article reviews the exposure an estate planner may have to malpractice liability and then focuses the reader’s attention on ethical issues that may arise while preparing or executing the plan. By recognizing potentially troublesome areas, the reader will avoid the ramifications of drafting a flawed estate plan or having a lapse of ethical good judgment which may lead to the frustration of the client’s intent, financial loss to the client or the beneficiaries, personal embarrassment, and possible disciplinary action.
Intergenerational support and functional limitations among older Chinese immigrants: Does acculturation moderate their relationship?

Using a purposive sample of 236 older Chinese immigrants in Los Angeles, California, this study investigated the association between intergenerational support and functional limitations and the pot...
A 'melanoma mortality belt' of ten U.S. states with the highest melanoma mortality rates.

e21039Background: To our knowledge, no study has looked at U.S. melanoma mortality trends by state. We sought to determine the ten states with the highest melanoma mortality rates (per white population) and those with the lowest, as well as any state-wide demographics that could account for these trends. Methods: State melanoma mortality rates were collected from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program and National Program for Cancer Registries. Data on state characteristics were collectied from the Area Health Resource File (AHRF) and the US Census Bureau. We used a regression model to determine associations between melanoma mortality and the state demographic context, such as median income, per capita income, unemployment rate, education level, and rural versus nonrural. We also examined the effect of access to health care resources by looking at density of dermatologists, density of primary care providers, and total number of hospitals. Results: We ide...
Parameter estimation for externally simulated thermal network models

Abstract Obtaining accurate dynamic models of building thermal behaviour requires a statistically solid foundation for estimating unknown parameters. This is especially important for thermal network grey-box models, since all their parameters normally need to be estimated from data. One attractive solution is to maximise the likelihood function, under the assumption of Gaussian distributed residuals. This technique was developed previously and implemented in the Continuous Time Stochastic Modelling framework, where an Extended Kalman Filter is used to compute residuals and their covariances. The main result of this paper is a similar method applied to a thermal network grey-box model of a building, simulated as an electric circuit in an external tool. The model is described as a list of interconnected components without deriving explicit equations. Since this model implementation is not differentiable, an alternative Kalman filter formulation is needed. The Unscented and Ensemble Kalman Filters are designed to handle non-linear models without using Jacobians, and can therefore also be used with models in a non-differentiable form. Both Kalman filter implementations are tested and compared with respect to estimation accuracy and computation time. The Profile Likelihood method is used to analyse structural and practical parameter identifiability. This method is extended to compute two-dimensional profiles, which can also be used to analyse parameter interdependence by providing insight into the parameter space topology.
MRI-based radiosurgical planning: implications in imaging timing.

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is now an accepted standard of care for patients with brain metastases. Many different platforms and workflows exist for delivering SRS, leading to variations in treatment delivery, such as elapsed time between stereotactic planning magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and date of first radiosurgery. Salkeld et al . attempts to standardize the timing between planning MRI and repeat MRI before radiosurgery to evaluate for differences in target delineation (1). There were remarkable changes over a relatively short period of time, and the authors recommend a short interval between planning MRI and treatment, allowing for more accurate radiosurgical intervention.
Effect of operative duration on infectious complications and mortality following hepatectomy

Abstract Background To study mortality and infectious complications (IC) risk relative to operative duration in a large and contemporary cohort of patients undergoing hepatectomy. Methods A retrospective cohort study of 21,443 patients from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program dataset of patients who underwent liver resection from 2012 to 2016. Results Patients undergoing hepatectomy during the study period (N = 21,443) had a mean operative duration of 243.5 min of which 16.6% (3533) developed at least one IC. The overall 30-day mortality was 1.6%. A significant increase in mortality and IC was demonstrated from 3 h of operating time (OR: 1.99 and OR: 1.94, respectively), peaking at 8 h (OR: 7.15 and OR: 6.37, respectively). Pneumonia, sepsis/septic shock, and SSI presented high prevalence and were linked to significant mortality. After case-matching, elective hepatectomy was associated with a 4-fold increased risk of infectious complications. Conclusions Operative duration was associated with a linear increased risk of mortality and IC after hepatectomy. The most critical determinants of IC were ASA class, COPD, CHF, and type of hepatectomy.
Presence and structure-activity relationship of intrinsically disordered regions across mucins

Many members of the mucin family are evolutionarily conserved and are often aberrantly expressed and glycosylated in various benign and malignant pathologies leading to tumor invasion, metastasis, and immune evasion. The large size and extensive glycosylation present challenges to study the mucin structure using traditional methods, including crystallography. We offer the hypothesis that the functional versatility of mucins may be attributed to the presence of intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) that provide dynamism and flexibility and that the IDRs offer potential therapeutic targets. Herein, we examined the links between the mucin structure and function based on IDRs, posttranslational modifications (PTMs), and potential impact on their interactome. Using sequence-based bioinformatics tools, we observed that mucins are predicted to be moderately (20%-40%) to highly (>40%) disordered and many conserved mucin domains could be disordered. Phosphorylation sites overlap with IDRs throughout the mucin sequences. Additionally, the majority of predicted O- and N- glycosylation sites in the tandem repeat regions occur within IDRs and these IDRs contain a large number of functional motifs, that is, molecular recognition features (MoRFs), which directly influence protein-protein interactions (PPIs). This investigation provides a novel perspective and offers an insight into the complexity and dynamic nature of mucins.
Chapter 1.5.5 – Computational Methods

Publisher Summary This chapter emphasizes on frequency domain methods because they have such a wide applicability. Both integral and partial differential equation formulations are treated, as are hybrid approaches that combine features of each. The formulation of simple integral and partial differential equations are illustrated. These are but special cases of linear operator equations, and this abstract point of view is taken in the next section where general methods for their discretization are considered. The variational point of view commonly used in the finite element approach is introduced, and its equivalence to the method of moments approach of Harrington (1993) is demonstrated. The succeeding sections concentrate on formulations that summarize the discretization of two- and three-dimensional operators that commonly appear in computational electromagnetic. The remaining sections summarize extensions to the techniques introduced, considering associated computational issues and alternative approaches. A thorough survey of computational methods for solving Maxwell's equations is also provided in the chapter.
WaveletSEG: Automatic wavelet-based 3D nuclei segmentation and analysis for multicellular embryo quantification

Abstract Identification of individual cells in tissues, organs, and in various developing systems is a well-studied problem because it is an essential part of objectively analyzing quantitative images in numerous biological contexts. We developed a size-dependent wavelet-based segmentation method that provides robust segmentation without any preprocessing, filtering or fine-tuning steps, and is robust to the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The wavelet-based method achieves robust segmentation results with respect to True Positive rate, Precision, and segmentation accuracy compared with other commonly used methods. We applied the segmentation program to zebrafish embryonic development IN TOTO for nuclei segmentation, image registration, and nuclei shape analysis. These new approaches to segmentation provide a means to carry out quantitative patterning analysis with single-cell precision throughout three dimensional tissues and embryos and they have a high tolerance for non-uniform and noisy image data sets.
Equity and diversity in nursing education

Abstract Retention and development of ethnically diverse nursing students may be more likely to occur when nursing faculty receive training on factors that can impact academic success. By understanding complex school system dynamics in low-income areas, cultural, linguistic, gender, age, religion, and ethnic differences, students’ strengths can be readily recognized, embraced, and encouraged by nursing faculty. When the necessity of equity and diversity is recognized within nursing education, this may potentially translate to retention and completion of nursing programs by nursing students from diverse backgrounds, thereby increasing diversity within the nursing profession.
Autonomous Search for Underground Mine Rescue Using Aerial Robots

In this paper we present a comprehensive solution for autonomous underground mine rescue using aerial robots. In particular, a new class of Micro Aerial Vehicles are equipped with the ability to localize and map in subterranean settings, explore unknown mine environments on their own, and perform detection and localization of objects of interest for the purposes of mine rescue (i.e., “human survivors” and associated objects such as “backpacks”, “smartphones” or “tools”). For the purposes of GPS-denied localization and mapping in the visually-degraded underground environments (e.g., a smoke-filled mine during an accident) the solution relies on the fusion of LiDAR data with thermal vision frames and inertial cues. Autonomous exploration is enabled through a graph-based search algorithm and an online volumetric representation of the environment. Object search is then enabled through a deep learning-based classifier, while the associated location is queried using the online reconstructed map. The complete software framework runs onboard the aerial robots utilizing the integrated embedded processing resources. The overall system is extensively evaluated in real-life deployments in underground mines.
Going “Beyond the Surface” in an App-Based Group: A Heuristic Inquiry:

Six co-researchers conducted a heuristic inquiry of a group experience composed of hundreds of video messages, posted consistently over 4 months, via the Marco Polo smartphone application, to explo...
Both Questionable and Open Research Practices Are Prevalent in Education Research

Concerns about the conduct of research are pervasive in many fields, including education. In this preregistered study, we replicated and extended previous studies from other fields by asking educat...
We Have Been Visited : Divine Encounter through the Lukan Benedictus (Luke 1:68–79)

Recent discussions of the Benedictus have focused on its function in Luke- Acts. However, little if no attention has been given to the persuasive force of the passage and how it may have functioned to create a divine encounter for the implied audience. This study will address this gap. Following a brief survey of Luke’s purpose and a discussion of the nature of prophecy, I will argue, first, that divine revelation was often cast in poetic form. Second, I will describe the poetic features of the Benedictus, emphasizing its divine nature. Third, I will explain the ancient perception that deities had a superior ability to name persons, places, and objects. I will follow this discussion with a listing of the divinely authored names in the Benedictus. Fourth, I will contend that the Old Testament vocabulary and the tone of confidence in Zechariah’s prophecy further enhances its divine nature. Finally, considering the above, I will explain how a skilled lector reading the prophecy to Luke’s original audience may have allowed them to experience something of the aural presence of God.
The Value of Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens) as a Food Source: A Review

Black soldier fly (BSF) larvae, commonly marketed as Calciworms® (Timberline Fisheries Corp., Marion, IL, USA) or Phoenix Worms® (Insect Science Resource, LLC, Tifton, GA, USA), have become increasingly popular as a feeder insect for reptiles. Their popularity stems from the larvae's potentially calcium-rich nature, capable of surpassing a 2:1 calcium to phosphorus ratio without the need for dusting or gut loading. Despite their popularity, there has been limited research regarding their use as a food item for reptiles. They have, however, been studied extensively in food animal production as a less expensive source of animal protein and as part of an integrated waste management system. This review is meant to provide exotic animal veterinarians with evidenced-based research regarding the BSF's natural history, standard rearing practices, and the larvae's nutritive value in various animal systems, including captive reptiles. The authors hope this review will help veterinarians make better feeding recommendations for their reptile patients.
The Law of the Colorado River: Coping with Severe Sustained Drought, Part II

This article updates an earlier article on the Law of the Colorado River in the context of severe sustained drought. It provides a summary of the hierarchy of use rights put in place by the Law of the River to make more explicit how severe sustained drought affects and limits uses. It then updates the previous discussion of the Law of the River, summarizing additions to the Law since 1995. Finally, it considers how well the basin’s legal and institutional framework responded to the challenges of two decades of drought and reflects on the challenges ahead.
Terahertz Quantum Cascade Laser Based on Non-uniform Dipole Antenna Array

We report the realization of terahertz quantum cascade laser based on an antenna array, in which each unit contains two dipole antennas with slightly different widths. The device operates in single mode around 3.2THz, and the radiation efficiency can be flexibly manipulated by the width difference between the dual-antenna in each unit. Single mode emission with 30dB side-mode suppression ratio, 120 mW pulsed output power and 1% wall-plug efficiency has been demonstrated at a heat-sink temperature of 20K.
chapter 12 Introduction

Publisher Summary This chapter elaborates the quantitative methods of three-dimensional reconstruction in electron microscopy. The three-dimensional reconstruction of an object from projections is based on a quantitative model describing the relationship between object and image. For many electron microscopic applications in the medium-resolution range, the electron micrograph can be interpreted as a shadowgraph of the object's mass density distribution. The predominant mechanism for image formation is the absorption of electrons by scattering outside the objective aperture. This absorption, as a function of mass thickness, follows an exponential law. Any image can be represented by a series of two-dimensional sine waves. The number of different sine waves needed depends on the image size and on the size of the smallest significant detail in the image. The sine wave can be ordered into a two-dimensional scheme according to the size of the components of their spatial frequency vectors. The basis for the Fourier approach to reconstruction is the Fourier projection theorem. It provides a recipe for measurement of the three-dimensional Fourier transform of an object from the two-dimensional Fourier transforms of its projections.
Assessment of Antifungal Therapy in an 800-Gram Infant with Candidal Arthritis and Osteomyelitis

A 720-g premature newborn developed disseminated candidiasis during treatment with systemic antibiotics and total parenteral nutrition through an umbilical arterial catheter. Clinical features were typical for candidal skeletal infection at this age and included warmth and fusiform swelling of the lower extremities together with radiographic evidence of osteolysis and cortical bone erosion. Candida albicans was cultured from blood, urine, joint fluid, and a bone aspirate. The infection was cured with a 44-day course of amphotericin B and flucytosine (5-fluorocytosine). Antifungal therapy was monitored closely with serum drug levels and laboratory tests for bone marrow toxicity and renal dysfunction. Serum levels of both drugs were comparable to those achieved in older patients treated with similar doses. Significant concentrations of amphotericin B were detected in serum four and 17 days after completion of therapy, indicating a slow rate of elimination similar to that which occurs in adults. There was no evidence of drug-induced toxicity other than transient elevation in the fractional urinary excretion of sodium. This suggests that antifungal therapy may be effectively and safely administered to infants in dose schedules similar to those used for older patients.
Derivations and Alberti representations

Abstract We relate generalized Lebesgue decompositions of measures in terms of curve fragments (“Alberti representations”) and Weaver derivations. This correspondence leads to a geometric characterization of the local norm on the Weaver cotangent bundle of a metric measure space ( X , μ ) : the local norm of a form df “sees” how fast f grows on curve fragments “seen” by μ. This implies a new characterization of differentiability spaces in terms of the μ-a.e. equality of the local norm of df and the local Lipschitz constant of f. As a consequence, the “Lip–lip” inequality of Keith must be an equality. We also provide dimensional bounds for the module of derivations in terms of the Assouad dimension of X.
Maximising antihypertensive effects of angiotensin II receptor blockers with thiazide diuretic combination therapy: focus on irbesartan/hydrochlorothiazide

Background Evidence-based guidelines for the management of hypertension are now well established. Studies have shown that more than 60% of patients with hypertension will require two or more drugs to achieve current treatment targets.
Summary of Scientific Content of the Symposium

Val Cenis produced a remarkable watershed of facts and hypotheses in this domain. We are no longer confined to Oparin's warm pond for the production of the precursors of life. From the review of Irvine and Brown, we recognize a great richness in interstellar and prebiotic chemistry, a multitude of chemical pathways in the interstellar medium, with still further help from processes going on at the surface of interstellar grains.
Are You Leaving? A Case of Succession in the Willow Tree Charter School

This case study asks readers to contemplate what leadership practices may facilitate leadership succession at charter schools. The case narrative is followed by an activity designed for students in...
Priapism due to solid malignancy

Abstract Although priapism secondary to hematologic malignancies has been well described,review of the literature reveals 75 case reports of priapism due to local corporeal involvement by solid tumors. Our recent experience with 6 cases of local invasion of the corporeal bodies is reviewed. Three transitional cell carcinomas, one prostatic adenocarcinoma, one rectal carcinoma, and one sarcoma comprise the series. Three patients presented with priapism as their chief complaint, and 3 patients presented with priapism as their first sign of recurrence. Therapy included corporeal curettage, surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy. None of the modalities was entirely effective, although chemotherapy seemed to offer the best palliation.
Excessive Longitudinal FEV1 Decline and Risks to Future Health: A Case-Control Study

Background Accelerated loss of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) in an individual is considered an indicator of developing lung disease. Methods We investigated longitudinal FEV1 slopes, calculated by simple linear regression, and adverse health outcomes after 10–30 years, among 1,428 chemical plant workers. Cases were defined by FEV1 slopes below 5th percentile values for the cohort. Cases were matched with controls (107 pairs) for race, gender, smoking status, year of birth, age, height, and calendar year at first test. Matched pair statistics were used for comparisons. Results Cases had a higher proportion, compared to controls, of diagnosis of COPD or emphysema (17.8% vs. 1.9%, P = 0.0002), medication use for respiratory diseases (24.3% vs. 4.7%, P < 0.0001), dyspnea (15% vs. 3.7%, P = 0.0042), and wheezing or rhonchi on examination (10.3% vs. 1.9%, P = 0.0225). Conclusions Chemical plant workers who experienced accelerated FEV1 declines experienced four to nine times as many adverse health conditions over 10–30 years. Am. J. Ind. Med. 52:909–915, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Antidepressant and statin interactions: a review and case report of simvastatin and nefazodone-induced rhabdomyolysis and transaminitis.

Received July 26, 2004; accepted Jan. 25, 2005. From the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Karnik, Department of Psychiatry, 401 Quarry Rd., Stanford, CA 94305; nkarnik@ stanford.edu (e-mail). The use of statins (HMG-CoA Inhibitors), which inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis, has increased in recent years. Similarly, there has been a dramatic rise in the use of antidepressant agents, particularly since the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) became available. Both sets of medications are considered reasonably safe when used by themselves. Nevertheless, the increased use of drug combinations may lead to a greater risk for significant drugdrug interactions. All antidepressant agents are metabolized to some extent by the cytochrome P450 system. Similarly, most statins are hepatically biotransformed by cytochrome P450 action. Knowledge of these hepatic pathways has become required for practitioners within internal medicine and psychiatry. Given that patients are likely to have multiple practitioners managing their medications, it is vital for both internists and psychiatrists to be familiar with potential drug interactions and be able to assess the risks when reviewing a patient’s existing medication strategies. In this article we present the case of a patient, successfully treated for years with nefazodone without complications or side effects, who experienced rhabdomyolysis and transaminitis after initiation of treatment with simvastatin.
Solar Neutrino Production of Long-Lived Isotopes and Secular Variations in the Sun

Long-lived isotopes produced in the earth's crust by solar neutrinos may provide a method of probing secular variations in the rate of energy production in the sun's core. Only one isotope, calcium-41, appears to be suitable from the dual stand-points of reliable nuclear physics and manageable backgrounds. The proposed measurement also may be interesting in view of recent evidence for neutrino oscillations.
Periodontal therapy in a general practice.

The dental profession has displayed too little interest in the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease. Although periodontal disease long has been associated with late adulthood, much periodontal damage occurs in childhood. Both local and systemic factors may be involved. The well-informed general practitioner is in a better position than the specialist to support his periodontal therapy with the necessary operative procedures and prosthetic appliances. Further research is needed to determine the role of systemic factors in periodontal disease.
The impact of Medicaid peer support utilization on cost.

BACKGROUND Peer support programs have proliferated over the past decade, building on recovery oriented programming, yet relationships between peer support services and the costs to public programs have not been well described in literature. The purpose of this study is to fill gaps in the literature related to peer support programs and cost: lack of comparison groups, small sample sizes, and the availability of research examining utilization of Medicaid mental health services. METHODS The study employed a retrospective design with treatment and comparison groups created from three administrative databases. Three ordinary least squares regression models were constructed to predict crisis stabilization cost, psychiatric hospitalization cost, and total Medicaid cost while controlling for other factors. The Chronic Illness and Disability Payment System + Rx was used to control for illness severity. RESULTS Peer support was associated with $5,991 higher total Medicaid cost (p < .01). Peer support was also associated with higher crisis stabilization cost and lower psychiatric hospitalization cost, but the relationships were not statistically significant. Peer support was associated with $2,100 higher prescription drug cost (p < .01), $5,116 higher professional services cost (p < .01), and $1,225 lower facility cost (p < .01). CONCLUSIONS While the implementation of Medicaid financed peer support programs may not result in savings from reductions of costly crisis stabilizations and psychiatric hospitalizations, it does support the principles of self-direction and recovery from severe mental illness. State policy makers must weigh the potential higher cost associated with peer support programs with efforts to redesign the delivery of mental health services.