cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The rock physics and geochemistry of carbonates exposed to reactive brines

When carbonate-rich rocks are brought into contact with an acidic brine their mechanical and acoustic responses depend on many factors including pH, porosity, permeability, effective stress, and time. These complexities hinder the understanding of processes such as hydrothermal fluid circulation, seismicity, and deep burial diagenesis. The present study addresses how different lithofacies exposed to the same reactive brine undergo varying degrees of transformation and whether it is possible to remotely detect these phenomena in the Earth. Results are presented from fluid injections carried out on a large and varied set of calcareous rocks under hydrostatic stress. The output brine was analyzed for dissolved mineral concentrations and the rock porosity, permeability, axial strain, ultrasonic velocity, and images from electron microscopy were contrasted before and after injection. Microbialites were found to be the lithofacies most vulnerable to changes in their transport properties. However, all samples irreversibly compacted with the greatest strain in the most porous and permeable cores. The most extreme structural changes discovered through imaging were the welding of microporous zones, grain sliding, and the fracturing of various phases. Observations are consistent with a chemically enhanced weakening of the rock frame that generated compliant pores. The associated decrease in velocity of the dry rock can be approximated with linear relations that depend on both porosity and effective stress.
An evaluation of the analgetic activity of the dromoran isomers.

Summary1. The relative analgetic potencies of the optical isomers and racemate of Dromoran in normal human subjects were determined. 2. The inhibitory effect of d-Dromoran on 1-Dromoran analgesia and morphine analgesia was noted.
Ending Dirty Energy Policy: Smart Energy Politics

For decades, we have known the days of cheap and easily accessible oil were numbered. For decades, we've talked and talked about the need to end America's century-long addiction to fossil fuels. And for decades, we have failed to act with the sense of urgency that this challenge requires. Time and again, the path forward has been blocked – not only by oil industry lobbyists, but also by a lack of political courage and candor. President Barack Obama There is much to be said about President Obama's remarks. We have talked for decades and decades about oil dependence and about the need to “break our addiction.” Government regulation has been held captive by oil lobbyists. We do lack the political will to move away from the traditional energy path. And, tragically, the country may now have an opportunity to focus on an energy transition because of the ecological disaster in the Gulf of Mexico. Later in his remarks, the president also called the transition to a clean energy future a national mission to be furthered by technological research and innovation and through a new energy economy. This chapter explores the political impediments that have prevented the transition and argues, more hopefully, that a new energy politics is emerging. The new politics is based on a non-partisan consensus energy policy and is supported by a broad array of public and private actors employing a wide set of strategies to make a transformation to a clean energy future possible.
Life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of bio-oil from two-step torrefaction and fast pyrolysis of pine

Life cycle assessment of bio-oil from woody biomass through two pathways was carried out using a one-step pathway that utilizes fast pyrolysis of pine and a two-step pathway that incorporates a torrefaction step prior to fast pyrolysis. A two-step pathway with torrefaction at a temperature of 330 °C and pyrolysis at 530 °C had a global warming potential of about 6 g CO2 equivalent per MJ of bio-oil compared to about 39 g CO2 equivalent per MJ of bio-oil for a one-step pathway using an energy allocation-based analysis. For a one-step pathway, the size reduction step made the highest contribution of over 50% of the overall global warming potential. Greenhouse gas (GHG) savings of up to 80% compared to heavy fuel oil (HFO) were achieved for a two-step pathway in comparison to a one-step pathway due to savings in size reduction energy. The use of renewable energy sources produced internally to provide process heat either by first burning char and then condensables from torrefaction (oil) or vice versa resulted in similar global warming potential reduction in comparison to use of natural gas to provide process heat. The bio-oil production pathways were found to be more sustainable in comparison to HFO due to relying chiefly on renewable biomass rather than fossil energy. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Dynamic search under false alarms

We consider the dynamic search of a target located in one of K cells. At each time, one cell is searched, and the search result is subject to false alarms. The objective is a policy that governs the sequential selection of the cells to minimize the error probability of detecting the whereabouts of the target within a fixed time horizon. We show that the optimal search policy is myopic in nature with a simple structure. The result finds applications in statistical fraud detection, anomaly localization, and target search.
Fluorochemical gases and vapors as insulating and cooling media

In this paper was shall present a summary of the present state-of-the-art pertaining to fluorochemical gases and vapor, and describe some of the properties of these materials which are of particular interest in relation to the design of transformers and the packaging of these and other components as parts of electronic systems. The concluding portion of the paper will be devoted to practical examples of equipments utilizing fluorochemical gases and vapors as dielectric-cooling agents.
Lattice Plasmon Induced Large Enhancement of Excitonic Emission in Monolayer Metal Dichalcogenides

Through the integration of a strongly coupled plasmonic nanoantenna array with a monolayer MoSe2, spatial maps of the photoluminescence (PL) are acquired on- and off-resonance to exhibit the role of the lattice plasmon modes on the enhancement of the PL from the MoSe2 monolayer. The on-resonance excitation of the hybrid nanostructure at 785 nm reveals a significant PL enhancement of more than 25 (compared to the PL enhancement factor that a Fabry-Perot resonance provides), while the off-resonance excitation at 488 nm only results in an enhancement factor of five. Polarization-resolved optical reflection spectroscopy is also experimented to verify the role of the coupled nanoantenna array on the PL enhancement. Full-wave numerical simulations of the complete structure are also performed to support the observed experimental results. These findings enrich our knowledge regarding the light interaction with 2D materials mediated by plasmonic nanostructures and pave the way for the design of a new class of hybrid 2D material plasmonic devices that utilize enhanced light-matter interaction.
Cargo inspection system based on pulsed fast neutron analysis

This paper describes an automated cargo inspection system (CIS) based on pulsed fast neutron analysis (PFNA). The system uses a pulsed beam of fast neutrons to interrogate the contents of small volume elements--voxels--of a cargo container or truck. The neutrons interact with the elemental contents of each voxel and gamma rays characteristic of the elements are collected in an array of detectors. The elemental signals and their ratios give unique signatures for drugs, explosives, and contraband. From the time of arrival of the gamma rays, the position of the voxel within the truck is determined. Full-scale physics simulation of time-dependent neutron and gamma ray interactions in various cargo materials have aided in the design of the system. These simulations have been benchmarked against laboratory measurements. A scaled model of the PFNA CIS is in operation in SAIC's PFNA facility and has been used to demonstrate the detection of drugs and other contraband concealed in a full-size cargo container with a variety of contents. A full-scale system is presently being designed and fabricated for the U.S. Government's Cargo Container Inspection Technology Testbed at Tacoma, Washington. This system is designed to scan five or more trucks per hour and is scheduled to come into operation in July 1995.© (1994) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
A generalized software reliability model with stochastic fault-detection rate

We propose a theoretic model of software reliability where the fault detection rate is a stochastic process. This formulation provides the flexibility in modeling the random environment effects in testing software data. We examine two particular cases: additive and multiplicative noise and provide explicit representations for the expected number of software failures. Examples are included to demonstrate the formulas for specific choices of time dependent total number of faults and distribution of noise.
Reaction: Opportunities for Sustainable Catalysts

Patrick Holland pursued doctoral training at the University of California at Berkeley with Robert Bergman and Richard Andersen and postdoctoral training with William Tolman at the University of Minnesota. As a faculty member at the University of Rochester, he began his independent research in 2000 by focusing on the study of three-coordinate Fe-Co complexes. Since then, his research group has addressed Fe-N 2 chemistry, reactive metal-ligand multiple bonds, engineered metalloproteins, redox-active ligands, solar H 2 production, and the mechanisms of organometallic transformations at base-metal complexes. In 2013, he moved to Yale University, where he is a professor of chemistry.
FRI0692 Allopurinol and the risk of ventricular arrhythmias in the elderly: a study using u.s. medicare data

Background Recent studies have shown that hyperuricemia and gout, a condition with hyperuricemia associated with joint inflammation and/or renal manifestations, are associated with a higher risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), acute cardiovascular events including myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke, and cardiovascular mortality. Emerging data suggest that gout and hyperuricemia may also be associated with cardiac arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation Objectives To assess whether allopurinol use is associated with a reduction in the risk of ventricular arrhythmias (VA). Methods We used the 5% random sample of Medicare beneficiaries from 2006–2012 to examine new allopurinol use and the risk of incident VA. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were adjusted for demographics (age, race, gender), comorbidity, cardiac medications and conditions associated with VA. We calculated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Of the 28,755 episodes of new allopurinol use, 2,538 were associated with incident VA (8.8%). Among patients with incident VA, 54% were male, 78% were White, and the mean Charlson-Romano comorbidity score was 4.8. The crude incidence of VA per 1,000,000 person-days declined as the duration of allopurinol use increased: 1–180 days, 151; 181 days-2 years, 105; and >2 years, 85. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, compared to non-use, allopurinol use was associated with lower HR of VA of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.76 to 0.90). Compared to allopurinol non-use, longer allopurinol use durations were significantly associated with lower multivariable-adjusted HR for VA: 1–180 days, 0.96 (95% CI, 0.85 to 1.08); 181 days to 2 years, 0.76 (95% CI, 0.68 to 0.85); and >2 years, 0.72 (95% CI, 0.60 to 0.87). Multiple sensitivity analyses adjusting for cardiac conditions, anti-arrhythmic drugs and alternate definitions confirmed our findings with minimal/no attenuation of estimates. Conclusions Allopurinol use and use duration >6 months were independently associated with a lower risk of VA. Future studies need to assess the pathophysiology of this potential benefit. Disclosure of Interest J. Singh Grant/research support from: Takeda, Savient, Consultant for: from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC and the American College of Rheumatology, J. Cleveland: None declared
Photoactivated in Vitro Anticancer Activity of Rhenium(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes Bearing Water-Soluble Phosphines

Fifteen water-soluble rhenium compounds of the general formula [Re(CO)3(NN)(PR3)]+, where NN is a diimine ligand and PR3 is 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (PTA), tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphine (THP), or 1,4-diacetyl-1,3,7-triaza-5-phosphabicylco[3.3.1]nonane (DAPTA), were synthesized and characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography. The complexes bearing the THP and DAPTA ligands exhibit triplet-based luminescence in air-equilibrated aqueous solutions with quantum yields ranging from 3.4 to 11.5%. Furthermore, the THP and DAPTA complexes undergo photosubstitution of a CO ligand upon irradiation with 365 nm light with quantum yields ranging from 1.1 to 5.5% and sensitize the formation of 1O2 with quantum yields as high as 70%. In contrast, all of the complexes bearing the PTA ligand are nonemissive and do not undergo photosubstitution upon irradiation with 365 nm light. These compounds were evaluated as photoactivated anticancer agents in human cervical (HeLa),...
Mobile sensor-based biometrics using common daily activities

Research on mobile sensor biometrics increased when mobile devices with powerful sensors, such as smartphones, became ubiquitous. However, existing studies are quite limited, especially with regard to the physical activities that are used to provide the biometric signature — many studies only consider a single activity. In this study, we provide the most comprehensive analysis of mobile biometrics to date. We evaluate eighteen physical activities and nine sensor combinations for their biometric efficacy (the accelerometer and gyroscope sensors from a smartphone and smartwatch are used). Our mobile biometric models are evaluated with respect to identification and authentication performance and are shown to achieve excellent results in both cases. Furthermore, our models perform well even when built from all eighteen activities without activity labels, which represents a big step towards achieving the goal of continuous biometrics using only a smartwatch and smartphone.
Learning that Transforms: For the Sake of His Kingdom:

This article argues that a more robust understanding of transformative learning theory will assist Christian educators in cultivating moral discernment and ethical living in the lives of those we t...
A Renewed Darwinian Theory of Responsible Leadership

Drawing on insights from evolutionary psychology and modern neuroscience, this paper highlights propositions about human nature that have far reaching consequences, when applied to leadership. Based on Paul Lawrence's work, I examine the main factors of human survival and extend them to a model for leadership in the 21st century. The discussion ends with an outlook on the organizational and structural conditions that would allow for better and more balanced leadership.
A cold scare: Formation of cold reactive anti-A1 coinciding with gross hemolysis.

Abstract Anti-A1 antibodies can be found as a usually clinically insignificant naturally occurring cold IgM antibody in A-subgroup patients. It is known from multiple prior case reports that warm-reactive anti-A1 that reacts at 37 °C can be clinically significant, and it has been previously reported that it could form after alloimmunization with donor A1 red blood cell (RBC) transfusion. In addition, the development of anti-A1, often as an autoantibody, have been described in the setting of various malignancies, perhaps due to expressed subtle alterations of the ABO antigens provoking an immune response. Here, we report a rare case of a cold-reactive anti-A1 alloantibody (after multiple transfusions with group A1 RBC units) in a 76 year old male patient (A2) with history of myelodysplastic syndrome and metastatic carcinoma who presented with hemolytic anemia and dark urine. The patient had previously typed as blood type A without reverse typing reaction for anti-A1; as a result, the patient had been transfused with group A1 RBCs. Four days prior to discovery of the ABO discrepancy, the patient had a febrile transfusion reaction associated with his A1 RBC transfusion. On admission, his immunohematology workup demonstrated an alloantibody to anti-A1 that coincidentally appeared during a new onset of hemolytic anemia. Case reports of patients with hemolytic anemia with a newly developed anti-A1 alloantibody are sparse in the literature, and this case is particularly interesting as the cold reactive anti-A1 (without demonstrable wide thermal amplitude) appeared to form after alloimmunization and in the setting of an underlying malignancy.
Knowledgeable Sounds of Silence or When Silence Is Not Golden

Silence via storytelling in its multiple dimensions is explained in this chapter, as one of the two pivotal communication phenomena of this study. Ideal flight and actual flight situations are analyzed, experientially, in stages that emphasize silence as a knowledge factor for the flight. Periods of silence are part of the communication process, but the duration of these periods, the way silence breaks into messages, and the consequences of different manifestations of silence are the topics objectified. The protagonists narrate their experiences commenting on scenarios and questions, and the text develops in a dialogic format with conventional alias names: Ikaria Ikaros and Oia Santorinis as ATCs for pilots’ behavior, Eleftherios Venizelos with Ioannis Daskalogiannis as fighter pilots, and Ippokratis Koos as helicopter pilot for the military point of view. All fighter pilots underlined (briefing and) debriefing as an integral part of any mission in the (preflight and) postflight phase. The debriefing is a meta-communication process which retracts the whole flight, provides a mechanism to evaluate human error and safety culture in a systemic way, and cultivates collegiality and leadership. The magic of silence may be needed in some cases, whereas organizational culture and communities practice mindset may dictate corporate fame protection and professional face to be defended. Leadership traits in speaking up and openness in a trusting atmosphere, as well as checklist mnemonics and monitoring with the two-layer redundancy, are explained. Safety culture and situation awareness are also part of the narrative. Knowledge manifestation flows from what is communicated, and actions are knowledge-worthy only when communicated under the circumstances.
Simulation of a squirrel-cage induction motor: an exercise in modeling and simulation

Stages in the development of a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) simulation of a squirrel-cage induction motor are described that clearly illustrate some of the problems that can arise in developing simulations. The authors have experience in software engineering, computer architecture, numerical analysis, modeling and simulation, and a background in electrical engineering, but relatively little expertise in electrical machines beyond the basic electrical principles on which they are based. The authors do not intend to present state-of-the-art advances in induction motor models but rather to use their experiences to illustrate some of the problems that face developers and users of simulation in a more general sense.The induction motor offers a good example for study in that the math model can take different forms depending on the nature of the application and that differences in basic assumptions, notation and sign conventions are common in the literature. The simulation itself also poses problems in terms of the choice of numerical integration algorithm and step-size selection. The need for care in the selection, interpretation and implementation of the appropriate model is clearly demonstrated. The "Grand Challenge" in this study is the ultimate one of using Modeling and Simulation effectively.
OSS Essentials: Support System Solutions for Service Providers

Acknowledgments Preface Operations, Business, and Marketing Support Systems Portfolio of Products and Services Management Protocols Customer Care and Billing Processes Provisioning and Order Processing Network Operational Management Support, Documentation, and Management Systems Workforce Management for Service Providers Trends for Service Providers References Acronyms Index
State, Society, and Informality in Cities of the Global South

Contemporary urbanization in the Global South merits greater attention from scholars of comparative politics. Governance, associational life, and political behavior take distinctive forms in the social and institutional environments created by rapid urbanization, particularly within informal settlements and labor markets. In this special issue, we examine forms of collective action and claims-making in these spaces. We also consider how the state assesses, maps, and responds to the demands of informal sector actors. Tackling questions of citizen and state behavior in these informal urban contexts requires innovative research strategies due to data scarcity and social and institutional complexity. Contributors to this symposium offer novel strategies for addressing these challenges, including the use of informal archives, worksite-based sampling, ethnographic survey design, enforcement process-tracing, and crowd-sourced data.
Should Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Be Performed for All T1b Melanomas in the New 8th Edition American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging System

Background In the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer melanoma staging system, the T1b category has been redefined based solely on thickness and ulceration. National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines recommend consideration of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) for all patients with T1b melanomas (0.8 to 1.0 mm thick). We hypothesized that the new staging system would lead to excessive use of SLNB in patients with non-ulcerated T1b melanomas with a low risk of positive sentinel lymph nodes. Study Design The National Cancer Database 2015 Melanoma Public Use File was used to select patients undergoing SLNB for thin T1 cutaneous melanoma from 2010 to 2015. Clinicopathologic risk factors for having a positive SLNB were evaluated. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models and classification and regression tree analysis were performed to identify groups with high and low risk of positive SLNB. Results We selected patients undergoing SLNB without ulceration with thickness 0.75 to 1.04 mm, staged T1b in the new 8th edition American Joint Committee on Cancer by thickness criteria alone (6,894 patients). Independent risk factors for a positive sentinel lymph node were age 56 years or younger (odds ratio [OR] 1.74; 95% CI 1.38 to 2.17), thickness 1.0 vs 0.8 to 0.9 mm (OR 1.36; 95% CI 1.09 to 1.70), female sex (OR 1.36; 95% CI 1.09 to 1.69), and mitotic rate ≥1/mm2 (OR 2.01; 95% CI 1.54 to 2.64). Classification and regression tree analysis identified 2 groups based on age, mitotic rate, and thickness with a risk of positive SLNB Conclusions The new 8th edition American Joint Committee on Cancer melanoma staging system T1b category should not be used to determine use of SLNB in thin melanoma, as more than one half of T1b lesions without ulceration have a low risk of positive sentinel lymph nodes.
The Roles of Recreation in the Prevention, Intervention, and Rehabilitation Programs Addressing Youth Gang Involvement and Violence

Youth violence and gang involvement are severe public health issues. The purpose of this study was to examine the roles and benefits of recreation in the prevention, intervention, and rehabilitatio...
Medical Management of Short Bowel Syndrome and Nutritional Support

Short bowel syndrome (SBS) manifests in patients surviving multiple intestinal resections following the ischemia. SBS patients can present with severe fluid, electrolyte, and vitamin deficiencies. There is no consensus in the literature for an accurate definition of SBS. It can be divided in three distinct clinical stages: early, intermediate, and late phase with management being distinctly different in each phase. Long-term survival depends on the remaining length of small bowel and degree of intestinal adaptation. Optimizing nutrition through dietary strategies, oral rehydration solutions, and long-term parenteral nutrition is necessary for achieving intestinal adaptation. Various pharmacological agents such as antidiarrheals, antisecretory, and growth factors provide a supporting role to slow down intestinal transit time and increase absorption.
Myopathy, lactic acidosis and sideroblastic anemia 1 (MLASA1): A 25-year follow-up.

Mitochondrial myopathy, lactic acidosis and sideroblastic anemia 1 (MLASA1) is a rare disease caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the PUS1 gene. There are eleven MLASA1 patients reported worldwide with the majority of the patients originating from the Shiraz region of Iran. The rarity of this disease poses challenges to counseling patients due to a lack of natural history data. This report reviews what is known regarding MLASA1 and describes two brothers with MLASA1 who were cared for over the course of 10 years at the University of California Los Angeles. The brothers suffered from chronic anemia, transfusion dependency and muscle wasting that lead to respiratory insufficiency and death in one of the brothers.
Understanding Lyman-alpha Nebulae at Low Redshift I: The Sizes, Powering, and Kinematics of "Green Bean" Galaxies

A new but rare sample of spatially extended emission line nebulae, nicknamed "Green Beans", was discovered at z~0.3 thanks to strong [OIII] emission, and subsequently shown to be local cousins of the Lyman-alpha (Lya) nebulae found at high redshift. Here we use follow-up APO/DIS spectroscopy to better understand how these low redshift Lya nebulae compare to other populations of strong emission line sources. Our spectroscopic data show that low-z Lya nebulae have AGN-like emission line ratios, relatively narrow line widths (FWHM<1000 km s^{-1}), and emission line kinematics resembling those of Type 2 AGN at the same redshift, confirming that they are powered by Type 2 AGN with typical ionizing continua. While low-z Lya nebulae are larger and less concentrated than compact, star-forming Green Pea galaxies, we find that they resemble typical Type 2 AGN in terms of r-band concentration and size. Based on this pilot study, low-z Lya nebulae appear to be a subset of Type 2 AGN with bluer optical continua and high [OIII] equivalent widths but with comparable sizes and similar [OIII] kinematics. These characteristics may simply reflect the fact that low-z Lya nebulae are drawn from the high luminosity end of the Type 2 AGN distribution, with higher nuclear activity driving higher [OIII] equivalent widths and more central star formation leading to bluer optical continua. Deeper spectroscopic follow-up of the full sample will shed further light on these issues and on the relationship between these low-z Lya nebulae and the Lya nebula population at high redshift.
Removal of lead ions from water using thiophene-functionalized metal–organic frameworks

Heavy metal ion contamination in water is a hazard to all life. The removal of such ions from aqueous media by porous metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) is a growing field. Herein we report the use of thiophene containing MOFs, notably DUT-67, for the removal of Pb2+ ions from water under both batch and flow conditions with a max loading of 98.5 mg Pb2+ per g MOF. Solution-phase 207Pb NMR spectroscopy and an observed decrease in adsorption with non-thiophene containing systems support a mechanism of adsorption via a putative 6π-η5-thiophene–Pb2+ coordination.
Position: The Role of Blocks Programming in Forming Computational Identity

Computational Identity (CI) is emerging as important feature to study when considering how to motivate students to continue engaging with computation. CI is not necessarily fostered by learning computing skills, and requires explicit consideration in instructional design. We hypothesize that blocks languages are specifically well-suited to the development of CI, which is related to but not the same as the previously demonstrated fitness for introducing computing concepts in general.
Carbon nanotube accelerator — Path toward TeV/m acceleration: Theory, experiment, and challenges

Aspirations of modern high energy particle physics call for compact and cost efficient lepton and hadron colliders with energy reach and luminosity significantly beyond the modern HEP facilities. S...
Tools and Exercises

The input of knowledge is of great importance when acquiring the competence of intercultural management. Real skills, however, can only be appropriated by practical experience. This tutorial section shows three case studies of day-to-day business with situations that happened during a transaction. At the same time, they provide a profound insight into the respective mentality. The selected topics, such as team leadership, relationship management, communication and local work practices, expand the intercultural expertise as a whole. This is a well-constructed learning session combining background stories, possible options for action, handling techniques and, last but not least, examples for self-training. It particularly promotes the ability of self-organization and self-reflexion. The primary purpose is to create a proper toolbox suitable for your individual personality and your own style. The case studies teach you how to analyse situations and find possible solutions on your own. You learn how to apply the lessons learned in your own workplace for the benefit of your own success.
Antiretroviral therapy in older people with HIV.

Purpose of review The age of people with HIV) continues to rise, and yet older people have tended to be under-represented or excluded from premarketing studies of antiretroviral therapy (ART). In this review, we highlight special considerations for the use of ART in older people with HIV, with a focus on toxicities associated with specific antiretroviral agents or drug classes as well as key research questions moving forward. Recent findings Like all people with HIV, older people with HIV should be started on ART as soon as possible, regardless of CD4 count, and with a regimen that includes an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) and two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Important toxicities to consider when choosing an ART regimen include bone and renal effects related to tenofovir, weight gain related to INSTIs and tenofovir alafenamide, neurocognitive and neuropsychiatric toxicities related to efavirenz, and increased cardiovascular risk associated with abacavir and boosted protease inhibitors. With the ongoing importance of INSTIs as a component of preferred ART regimens, further characterization of INSTI-related weight gain is a critical current research priority in understanding ART toxicity. Summary There are multiple potential toxicities of ART to consider when selecting a regimen for older people. Specific agents or drug classes have been implicated in adverse bone or renal effects, weight gain, neuropsychiatric and neurocognitive effects, and cardiovascular risk.
Predicting Substance Misuse Admission Rates via Recurrent Neural Networks

Substance misuse affects millions of American adults each year, including 19.7 million adults who battled substance use disorders in 2017 [1]. Substance use disorders contribute immensely to the prevalence of disease, mental health disorders, homelessness, and cost American society greater than $740 billion annually in health care, crime, and lost workplace productivity. Beyond the annual fiscal burden cast by substance misuse at the national level, the introduction and/or spread of substance misuse within communities may cripple local economies and destroy community stability. Identifying at-risk communities may allow policy makers to focus efforts on identifying local causal factors of substance misuse trends and subsequently assist them in making informed policy decisions to help curb the spread of substance use. In this work, we present a sequential statistical model built on Recurrent Neural Networks for predicting geographic locations that present high future risk for increased substance misuse cases. Our model leverages 17 years (2000–2016) of patient-level admission data via the Treatment Episode Data Set for Admissions (TEDS-A) from the United States Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) that catalogues anonymized demographic data, mental health conditions, and drugs of abuse, amongst other information, for patients that are admitted to publically-funded substance misuse treatment facilities within designated metro- and micro-politan areas. Our model leverages the temporal (yearly) and spatial (geographical) structure of the data to predict how past trends influence future substance abuse admission rates, achieving 70% binary classification accuracy in predicting geographic regions expected to see a year-over-year increase in substance use admissions.
Motor evoked potential recovery with surgeon interventions and neurologic outcomes: A meta-analysis and structural causal model for spine deformity surgeries

Abstract Objective To improve estimates of motor evoked potential (MEP) performance during spine deformity surgeries by accounting for potential confounders. Methods A meta-analysis of MEPs for spine deformity surgeries determined the probability of a MEP deterioration which recovered by the end of surgery, P(RSC), and the conditional probability of no new post-operative deficit given an RSC, P(NND|RSC), stratified by category of intraoperative adverse event associated with the MEP deterioration. A structural causal model (SCM) and propensity score matching accounted for intraoperative adverse events and patient diagnosis as potential confounders. Results MEPs changes (either reversible, RSC or irreversible, IRREV) were reported for 295 of 5055 cases (6%) in 21 studies. The probability of no new motor deficit, P(NND), plotted against the probability of a RSC, P(RSC), for studies in the meta-analysis was highly significant (r = 0.71, p Conclusion There are significant differences in P(RSC) for hypotension and osteotomies, and in P(NND) for osteotomies and instrumentation, compared to correction. P(RSC) is a significant and independent predictor of outcomes. Significance When MEPs are used for spine deformity surgeries, accounting for adverse events associated with an alert and patient diagnosis as potential confounders is expected to improve RSC prediction of post-operative outcomes and estimates of RSC efficacy in improving outcomes.
Abnormal levels of apolipoprotein A-I in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.

Recent studies have shown low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and dysregulated lipid metabolism in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) is...
Normal surfaces of degrees 8 inP n

The purpose of this paper is to describe the normal singular surfces of degree 8 (linearly normal and not contained in any hyperplane) embedded inPn.n≥4. A list of all normal singular projective surfaces with sectional genus 5 is also given. Unfortunately, in both cases there are some open cases left.
The Influence of Team Performance on Home Attendance in College Sports: A Case Study of NCAA Division I Men’s Basketball

This study aims to understand how performance of a men’s basketball team and a football team affect home attendance of a men’s basketball team in NCAA Division I schools according to the type of subdivision (FBS, FCS, and non-football institutions). A sample unit of the study was a men’s basketball team and a football team in NCAA Division I. A total of 335 men’s basketball team records and a total of 237 football team records in NCAA Division I schools were collected from university official athletic websites and official NCAA websites. After data collection, data was analyzed using Pearson’s correlation and simple linear regression analysis. The results of the study showed 1) performance of a men’s basketball team significantly predicted home attendance of a men’s basketball, 2) home attendance of a men’s basketball team in FBS schools was more significantly affected by the performance of a men’s basketball team compared to men’s basketball teams in FCS and non-football subdivision schools, and 3) performance of a football team also predicted home attendance of a men’s basketball team. This study contributes to reconfirming the importance of team performance on home attendance of college sporting events in addition to professional sports. Despite the contribution, this study has limitations in terms of team performance measurement and sample diversity. Thus, future studies will consider more precise team performance measurement (e.g., UPS Team Performance Index) and team performance of men’s basketball teams in Division II and III schools to ensure internal validity of the study.
Gene therapy in a murine model of chronic eosinophilic leukemia-not otherwise specified (CEL-NOS)

Chronic eosinophilic leukemia-not otherwise specified (CEL-NOS) is a rare, aggressive, fatal disease characterized by blood eosinophilia and dysfunction of organs infiltrated with eosinophils. Clinically, the disease manifests with weight loss, cough, weakness, diarrhea, and multi-organ dysfunction that is unresponsive to therapy. We developed a one-time gene therapy for CEL-NOS using an adeno-associated virus (AAV) expressing an anti-eosinophil monoclonal antibody (AAVrh.10mAnti-Eos) to provide sustained suppression of eosinophil numbers in blood, thus reducing eosinophil tissue invasion and organ dysfunction. A novel CEL-NOS model was developed in NOD-scid IL2rγnull (NSG) mice by administration of AAV expressing the cytokine IL5 (AAVrh.10mIL5), resulting in marked peripheral and tissue eosinophilia of the heart, lung, liver, and spleen, and eventually death. Mice were administered AAVrh.10mAnti-Eos (1011 genome copies) 4 wk after administration of AAVrh.10mIL5 and evaluated for anti-eosinophil antibody expression, blood eosinophil counts, organ eosinophil invasion, and survival. AAVrh.10mAnti-Eos expressed persistent levels of the anti-eosinophil antibody for >24 wk. Strikingly, CEL-NOS treated mice had markedly lower blood eosinophil levels and reduced mortality when compared with control treated mice. These results suggest that a single treatment with AAVrh.10mAnti-Eos has the potential to provide substantial therapeutic benefit to patients with CEL-NOS, a fatal malignant disorder.
The Impact of the Characteristics of Exercise on The Risk of Breast Cancer Instructions.

Background Exercise seems to protect from breast cancer (BC) and this protection is likely mediated through weight control during menopause. Considering that night work is associated with higher risk for BC. Objective The aim of this study was to examine the possible relation of BC risk to daytime or nighttime hours of exercise. Methods The material was taken from primary elements of a doctoral thesis at the Department of Midwifery, University of West Attica that examines the impact of the characteristics of exercising on BC. The data were obtained from relevant questionnaires filled in at a big private hospital, following a relevant permit of the scientific committee, and adjusted Google Forms, ensuring anonymity. Results Almost 3 times more women without a history of BC were exclusively exercising during the daytime compared to the ones with a history of BC who were exclusively exercising during the nighttime (40 vs 15). On the contrary, a smaller number of women without a history of BC were exclusively exercising during the nighttime compared to the ones with a history of BC who were exclusively exercising during the nighttime (17 vs 20) (odds ratio >3 with a confidence interval >1 to >7.5 and p Conclusion It seems that the protective impact of exercising on BC is mitigated when the exercise is performed exclusively during night hours.
Dostoevsky's Poetics of Modern Freedom: Against Bakhtin's "Polyphonic" Moral Truth

In an influential treatise, Mikhail Bakhtin (1984) asserts that the aim of Dostoevsky's distinctive poetics is to advance a revolutionary, "polyphonic" model of moral truth. In this paper, I argue that while Bakhtin correctly identifies essential features of Dostoevsky's poetics, these features are better understood as oriented toward meeting the free modern individual's need to test ultimate moral ends and concomitant virtues in order to determine their truth. An Aristotelian poetics intended to educate audiences only in how to be virtuous to achieve moral ends that are given by tradition will have different essential features than will a modern poetics whose purpose is to help individuals determine what the virtues are . It is this latter purpose, I argue, that drives Dostoevsky to create the new stylistic devices that Bakhtin observes in Dostoevsky's work, rather than the purpose of realizing a philosophically problematic "polyphonic" model of moral truth.
Pressure-induced structural transitions in europium to 92 GPa

Synchrotron x-ray diffraction experiments have been carried out on europium metal at ambient temperature to pressures as high as 92 GPa (0.92 Mbar). Following the well-known bcc-to-hcp transition at 12 GPa, a mixed-phase region is observed from 18 to 66 GPa until finally a single orthorhombic (Pnma) phase persists from 66 to 92 GPa. These results are compared to predictions from density functional theory calculations. Under pressure the relatively large molar volume ${V}_{\mathrm{mol}}$ of divalent Eu is rapidly diminished, equaling or falling below ${V}_{\mathrm{mol}}(P)$ for neighboring trivalent lanthanides above 15 GPa. The present results suggest that above 15 GPa Eu is neither divalent nor fully trivalent to pressures as high as 92 GPa.
Dor, ansiedade e bullying: a educação física como promoção e prevenção em saúde à adolescentes

Estudar a crianca e o adolescente e desafiador, instigante aos profissionais da area da saude e educacao. Os aspectos sociais, comportamentais, cognitivos, motores, fisicos e fisiologicos, estao em pleno desenvolvimento nesta fase da vida e uma serie de transformacoes os modifica rapidamente. Este estudo e um relato de experiencia, onde, um educador fisico realizou intervencoes, duas vezes por semana, a um grupo de 15 meninas, adolescentes de 12 a 17 anos em uma escola do municipio de Capao da Canoa – RS. O objetivo do estudo consistia em proporcionar ao grupo participante um programa de exercicios fisicos e, apos palestras e mesas redondas sobre assuntos pertinentes a faixa etaria, dor, ansiedade e bullying . Dessa forma, o estudo contribui com a comunidade escolar, bem como a comunidade cientifica, colaborando nas linhas de estudo dos aspectos comportamentais, motores, cognitivos, fisicos e fisiologicos da crianca e do adolescente.
A Service Learning Program for CSE Students

We describe a service-learning program within the CSE department at the University of Notre Dame. Started in 1997 as the first affiliate of the Purdue EPICS program, this service-learning program involves volunteer faculty-mentored teams of students applying engineering skills in local, national, and international consulting projects for various community, educational, and not-for-profit organizations. Student-led teams, functioning as small engineering consulting firms, participate in identifying and selecting potential consulting engagements followed by the delivery of solutions to those clients. We describe 1) our unique adaptation of the EPICS model 2) supporting resources, and 3) a review of computer science centric education in multidisciplinary service engineering projects. The practical considerations of real world project management, client interaction, and liability are discussed in correlation with recent service projects undertaken by the students. Advice for interested educational institutions for developing their own engineering service learning program is presented
FORMATION INPUT-TO-STATE STABILITY

This paper introduces the notion of formation input-to-state stability in order to characterize the internal stability of leader-follower formations, with respect to inputs received by the formation leader. Formation ISS is a weaker form of stability than string stability since it does not require inter-agent communication. It relates group input to internal state of the group through the formation graph adjacency matrix. In this framework, different formation structures can be analyzed and compared in terms of their stability properties and their robustness.
Efficient resource management for heterogeneous devices accessing internet streaming content

The volume of streaming media content has surged on the Internet in recent years. In parallel with the technological advancement in wireless and third generation (3G) networks, more and more Internet users today are turning to their mobile devices, such as smart phones or PDAs, to access the Internet stream content. However, when compared with desktops, mobile devices normally have different display sizes, color depths, bandwidth capacities, CPU speeds, or battery capacities, which are termed Multiple Dimensional Heterogeneity (MDH). Due to the MDH problem, these mobile devices normally cannot directly display the data streamed to desktops. A few solutions based on Multiple Description Coding (MDC) or Scalable Coding (SC) have been proposed, but none of these solutions are practical due to their various limitations. In this dissertation, novel efficient resource management and transcoding schemes are investigated to address the MDH problem in both Internet on-demand and live streaming systems. First, in on-demand streaming systems, meta-data caching is leveraged during the online transcoding to reduce the overall CPU consumption. A model is further constructed to study the tradeoff between the CPU and the storage consumption for different meta-caching schemes under various conditions. Accordingly, an adaptive scheme that always outperforms existing schemes is proposed. Second, in live streaming systems, the idle peer computing cycles are leveraged for efficient online transcoding based on an additional transcoding overlay constructed by participating transcoding peers. This proposed scheme effectively explores the tradeoff between the CPU and the bandwidth resources. Third, in consideration of resource contributions made by heterogeneous devices and their limited available resources, e.g., battery capacity, we propose a dynamic rotation scheme in both streaming and meta-transcoding overlays to balance the resource consumption among different peers, aiming to improve the fairness among peers and the overall system robustness. Fourth, a general theoretical framework is constructed to maximize the resource utilization in heterogeneous streaming systems. Accordingly, a distributed algorithm is proposed to achieve near-optimal performance with acceptable control overhead.