cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A factor analytic study of the Stanford Binet with young children

Abstract Seven factors were found as the result of a factor analysis of year IV-6 through year VI of the 1960 Revision of the Stanford Binet Intelligence Test. No factor had a sufficient number of high loadings to justify interpretation as ‘g’, a general intelligence factor. The test protocols used were of 152 children from three to seven years of age who attended a University nursery school or Head Start day care centers. The group included 107 white and 45 Negro children who had been tested as part of a routine intellectual evaluation. The socioeconomic level, as measured by occupation of the parent, was higher than that of the standardizing population of the Binet, as was the mean IQ (109.4 ± 14.7). The results of this study were compared with the logical analysis of Meeker & Bonsall based upon Guilford's factors of the intellect, and with Valett's profile analysis.
Enabling robust quantitative readout in an equipment-free model of device development

A critical constraint in the design of appropriate medical devices for the lowest-resource settings is the lack of access to maintenance or repair on instrumentation. There are numerous point-of-care applications for which quantitative readout would have clinical utility. Thus, a challenge to the device developer is to enable quantitative device readout in an equipment-free model that is appropriate for use in even the lowest-resource settings. Paper microfluidics has great potential for enabling equipment-free devices that are low-cost, operable by minimally-trained users, and provide quantitative readout. The focus of this critical review is to describe the work, starting several decades ago and continuing to the present, to enable assays with quantitative readout in a fully-disposable device.
BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF MEMBRANE FRACTIONS IN MURINE SPERM: IDENTIFICATION OF THREE DISTINCT SUB-TYPES OF MEMBRANE RAFTS

Despite enormous interest in membrane raft microdomains, no studies in any cell type have defined the relative compositions of the raft fractions on the basis of their major components—sterols, phospholipids, and proteins—or additional raft-associating lipids such as the ganglioside, GM1. Our previous localization data in live sperm showed that the plasma membrane overlying the acrosome represents a stabilized platform enriched in GM1 and sterols. These findings, along with the physiological requirement for sterol efflux for sperm to function, prompted us to characterize sperm membrane fractions biochemically. After confirming limitations of commonly-used detergent-based approaches, we utilized a non-detergent-based method, separating membrane fractions that were reproducibly distinct based on sterol, GM1, phospholipid and protein compositions (both mass amounts and molar ratios). Based on fraction buoyancy and biochemical composition, we identified at least three highly reproducible subtypes of membrane raft. Electron microscopy revealed that raft fractions were free of visible contaminants and were separated by buoyancy rather than morphology. Quantitative proteomic comparisons and fluorescence localization of lipids suggested that different organelles contributed differentially to individual raft sub-types, but that multiple membrane microdomain sub-types could exist within individual domains. This has important implications for scaffolding functions broadly associated with rafts. Most importantly, we show that the common practice of characterizing membrane domains as either “raft” or “non-raft” oversimplifies the actual biochemical complexity of cellular membranes.
Solving Tommy's Writing Problems.

A step-by-step description of how writing problems can be solved with the help of a word processing program
Reinterpreting Visual Patterns in Mental Imagery

In a recent paper, Chambers and Reisberg (1985) showed that people cannot reverse classical ambiguous figures in imagery (such as the Necker cube, duck/rabbit, or Schroeder staircase). In three experiments, we refute one kind of explanation for this difficulty: that visual images do not contain information about the geometry of a shape necessary for reinterpreting it or that people cannot apply shape classification procedures to the information in imagery. We show, that given suitable conditions, people can assign novel interpretations to ambiguous images which have been constructed out of parts or mentally transformed. For example, when asked to imagine the letter “D” on its side, affixed to the top of the letter “J”, subjects spontaneously report “seeing” an umbrella. We also show that these reinterpretations are not the result of guessing strategies, and that they speak directly to the issue of whether or not mental images of ambiguous figures can be reconstrued. Finally, we show that arguments from the philosophy literature on the relation between images and descriptions are not relevant to the issue of whether images can be reinterpreted, and we suggest possible explanations for why classical ambiguous figures do not spontaneously reverse in imagery.
"My friend said it was good LSD": a suicide attempt following analytically confirmed 25I-NBOMe ingestion

A new class of synthetic hallucinogens called NBOMe has emerged, and reports of adverse effects are beginning to appear. We report on a case of a suicide attempt after LSD ingestion which was analytically determined to be 25I-NBOMe instead. Clinicians need to have a high index of suspicion for possible NBOMe ingestion in patients reporting the recent use of LSD or other hallucinogens.
Dynamic reconstruction of the paralyzed face, part II: Extensor digitorum brevis, serratus anterior, and anterolateral thigh

Rehabilitation of the paralyzed face requires consideration of the functional, esthetic, and psychological concerns of the afflicted patient. Lack of spontaneous facial animation significantly impairs the capacity to interact socially and convey emotion. With the advent of microneurovascular free tissue transfer, a new era of dynamic reconstruction was introduced, and symmetry with movement became a clinical reality. Although the gracilis is highly touted as the workhorse flap in facial reanimation surgery, a better understanding of flap physiology and neurovascular anatomy has contributed to the increased versatility in flap design while minimizing donor site morbidity. The purpose of this manuscript is to explore alternative donor muscle groups used in the surgical management of chronic facial paralysis and describe their operative technique, namely, the extensor digitorum brevis, serratus anterior, and anterolateral thigh flaps.
Temporal and Localized Distribution of Iris Yellow Spot Virus within Tissues of Infected Onion Plants

Abstract. Passage of Iris yellow spot virus, Tospovirus sp., in its vector, as well as its spatial and temporal distribution in an onion (Allium cepa L.) field, have been described. However, little is known of the distribution of the virus within onion hosts. The temporal dynamics of Iris yellow spot virus titer in leaves of ‘Colorado 6’ and ‘Talon’ onion cultivars in a greenhouse were investigated with or without thrips by using double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay. There was no significant difference in titer between the two cultivars (P = 0.1224); however, titer was significantly greater with thrips than without (P < 0.0001). Plant leaves, divided into top, middle, and base sections, showed that virus titer significantly increased from 1.813 and 1.854 optical densities in top and middle, respectively, to 2.065 in base sections. Leaves of field-infected plants were categorized by age into older, intermediate, and younger leaves. In pre-bulb (6- to 8-leaf-stage) plants, Iris yellow...
Gene 4 DNA Primase of Bacteriophage T7 Mediates the Annealing and Extension of Ribo-oligonucleotides at Primase Recognition Sites

The 63-kDa gene 4 primase of bacteriophage T7 recognizes a core trinucleotide sequence, 5'-GTC-3', on single-stranded DNA at which it catalyzes the synthesis of the ribodinucleotide pppAC. The dinucleotide is extended to a tetranucleotide primer at the sites 5'-(G/T)GGTC-3' and 5'-GTGTC-3'. In the presence of T7 primase, T7 DNA polymerase extends the synthetic ribotetranucleotide pACCA (1 microM), but not pCACA, on M13 DNA templates. The reaction is specific for T7 DNA polymerase and depends on dTTP and translocation of the gene 4 protein. T7 primase extends the dinucleotide AC and trinucleotide ACC to ACCC in the presence of CTP and an appropriate template, whereas other dinucleotides are extended less efficiently; the deoxyribodinucleotide dAC is not extended. The Cys4 zinc motif of the primase is essential for extension of the dinucleotides. The 5'-cryptic cytidine of the recognition sequence is essential for extension of the dinucleotide AC to tri- and tetranucleotides. At a preformed replication fork, the dinucleotide AC provides for primer synthesis on the lagging strand. The synthesis of all Okazaki fragments is initiated by primers arising from the recognition sequence 5'-GGGTC-3'; none arise at an adjacent 5'-GGGTT-3' sequence. If ADP or AMP replaces ATP in the primase reaction, primers terminating in di- or monophosphate, respectively, are synthesized.
Development of Sjogren's syndrome in nonobese diabetic-derived autoimmune-prone C57BL/6.NOD-Aec1Aec2 mice is dependent on complement component-3.

The role of complement in the etiology of Sjogren’s syndrome (SjS), a human autoimmune disease manifested primarily by salivary and lacrimal gland dysfunction resulting in dry mouth/dry eye syndrome, remains ill-defined. In the present study, we examined the role of complement component-3 (C3) using a newly constructed C3-gene knockout mouse, C57BL/6.NOD-Aec1Aec2.C3−/−. Inactivation of C3 in the parental C57BL/6.NOD-Aec1Aec2 strain, a model of primary SjS, resulted in a diminished or total absence of both preclinical and clinical manifestations during development and onset of disease, including reduced acinar cell apoptosis, reduced levels of caspase-3, lack of leukocyte infiltration of submandibular glands, reduced synthesis of disease-associated autoantibodies, maintenance of normal glandular architecture, and retention of normal saliva secretion. In addition, C57BL/6-NOD.Aec1Aec2.C3−/− mice did not exhibit increased numbers of marginal zone B cells, a feature of SjS-prone C57BL/6-NOD.Aec1Aec2 mice. Interestingly, C57BL/6-NOD.Aec1Aec2.C3−/− mice retained some early pathological manifestations, including activation of serine kinases with proteolytic activity for parotid secretory protein. This improvement in the clinical manifestations of SjS-like disease in C57BL/6.NOD-Aec1Aec2.C3−/− mice, apparently a direct consequence of C3 deficiency, supports a much more important role for complement in the adaptive autoimmune response than previously recognized, possibly implicating an essential role for innate immunity.
Evaluating the Correctness and Effectiveness of a Middleware QoS Configuration Process in Distributed Real-Time and Embedded Systems

Recent advances in software processes and artifacts for automating middleware configurations in distributed realtime and embedded (DRE) systems are starting to address the complexities faced by system developers in dealing with the flexibility and configurability provided by contemporary middleware. Despite the benefits of these new processes, there remain significant challenges in verifying their correctness, and validating their effectiveness in meeting the end-to-end quality of service (QoS) requirements of DRE systems. This paper addresses this problem by describing how model-checking and structural correspondence can be used to verify the correctness of a middleware QoS configuration process that uses model-based graph transformations at its core. Next, it provides empirical proof to validate the effectiveness of our technique to meet the end-to-end QoS requirements in the context of a representative DRE system.
Sensitivity Analyses Comparing Time‐to‐Event Outcomes Only Existing in a Subset Selected Postrandomization and Relaxing Monotonicity

Summary In randomized studies researchers may be interested in the effect of treatment assignment on a time-to-event outcome that only exists in a subset selected after randomization. For example, in preventative HIV vaccine trials, it is of interest to determine whether randomization to vaccine affects the time from infection diagnosis until initiation of antiretroviral therapy. Earlier work assessed the effect of treatment on outcome among the principal stratum of individuals who would have been selected regardless of treatment assignment. These studies assumed monotonicity, that one of the principal strata was empty (e.g., every person infected in the vaccine arm would have been infected if randomized to placebo). Here, we present a sensitivity analysis approach for relaxing monotonicity with a time-to-event outcome. We also consider scenarios where selection is unknown for some subjects because of noninformative censoring (e.g., infection status k years after randomization is unknown for some because of staggered study entry). We illustrate our method using data from an HIV vaccine trial.
Cyber Threats Against the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and Selected Responses

Bu makale, Kuzey Atlantik Antlasmasi Teskilati (NATO), NATO uyeleri ve NATO’nun bazi siber tehlikeler ile ilgili yaptigi mudahalelere karsi yapilan benzesmeyen, farkli siber tehditlere odaklanmaktadir. Bunu yapmadan once, makale, siber tehlikeler ile ilgili cesitli tanimlamalar ve belirlemeler anlatmaktadir. Daha sonra, makale, siber tehditlerin dogasi ve cesitleri ile ilgili genis kapsamli bir tartisma ortaya koymaktadir. Akabinde, makalede, taarruzi siber tedbirler arayisindaki bireyler, organizasyonlar ve milletler cesitleri ile ilgili bir tartisma yer almaktadir.
C2Cfs: A Collective Caching Architecture for Distributed File Access

In this paper we present C2Cfs - a decentralized collective caching architecture for distributed filesystems. C2Cfs diverges from the traditional client-server model and advocates decoupling the consistency management role of the central server from the data serving role. Our design enables multiple client-side caches to share data and efficiently propagate updates via direct client-to-client transfers, while maintaining the standard consistency semantics. We present an NFSv4-based implementation of our architecture, which works with unmodified NFS servers and requires no changes to the protocol. Finally, we evaluate the implementation and demonstrate the performance benefits of decentralized data access enabled by our approach.
Time Zones, Screencasts, and Becoming Real: Lessons Learned as a Distance Librarian

The library literature abounds with articles, presentations, and books on using various sorts of distance learning tools and techniques for library services. (I direct you to the excellent 5th Bibliography of Library Services for Distance Learning Resources from the Distance Learning Section of ACRL or practically any library conference proceedings for numerous examples.) Many of those resources will discuss how a particular type of tool, say, webchat, can be used for library services, with examples of successful, and sometimes unsuccessful, use in various types of libraries. I have, however, very rarely seen any discussion of when to use such tools, or any theoretical discussion of why some tools work better than others in different situations. This article lays out the conclusions and suppositions I have come to in 7 years of being a distance librarian (plus several extra years working intensively with commuter students and with the benefit of a Master’s degree in Adult Education and Distance Learning), in the hopes of spurring a new discussion and new research into both how and when to use different types of tools and techniques.
Complementary and Alternative Therapies: A New Frontier for Nursing Education?

The field of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is relatively new to Western health care and scientific research. The American public is embracing the use of CAM, and consequently, health care professionals will have to integrate these therapies into their professional practice. With the addition of basic CAM components to the newest NCLEX-RN blueprint, nursing education programs at all levels must incorporate CAM into their curricula. There are challenges to be faced with the implementation of added content, but nurse educators have successfully faced these challenges in the past. Specific strategies for integrating CAM topics into nursing curricula are discussed.
Relationships among Diet Quality and Cooking Skills in a Group of College Students

Students at a Midwest university (n=968) completed a survey regarding perceived confidence in cooking skills, food preparation frequencies, and average daily consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy. A higher skills score was moderately correlated to higher vegetable intake (r=0.29, p<0.001). A higher cooking score was also associated with meeting the recommendations for vegetables (p<0.001), but was not associated with meeting recommendations for fruits (p= 0.22), whole grains (p=0.062), or low-fat dairy (p=0.24). More confidence in skills score was correlated with a higher BMI (r = 0.12, p= 0.001), though correlation was low. Cooking skills score was also positively associated with food preparation frequency score (p<0.001). Although higher skills score was not strongly associated with fruit, whole grains, and low-fat dairy intake, students who have higher cooking skills may be more likely to prepare more vegetables. Encouraging cooking classes for college students may aid in meeting dietary recommendations. Keywords: deskilling, diet quality, BMI, cooking skills, college students, food preparation frequency, self-efficacy
The Data Problem in Agricultural Economics Research (abstract)

GRICULTURAL economics researchers have done their jobs well and are now wandering away from the heartland of traditional efforts. This expansion of issue scope and involvement, along with expansions in public sector activity, would seem to indicate some possibilities for reexamination of theory and methodology on the one hand and some new perspectives for the detection of research problems in commercial agriculture on the other. Appropriateness and availability of data have also played a role in distributing research efforts among problem areas. As changes have occurred in agriculture and as we have mined the easily available data, there are residual groups of problem areas, as
Form switching during human locomotion: traversing wedges in a single step.

We examined the neural control strategies used to accommodate discrete alterations in walking surface inclination. Normal subjects were tested walking on a level surface and on different wedges (10...
Molecular weight effect on the formation of β phase poly(9,9'-dioctylfluorene) in dilute solutions.

The effect of molecular weight on the formation of β phase poly(9,9′-dioctylfluorene) (PF8) was studied in dilute solutions. Temperature-dependent fluorescence experiments of unique synthetic batches as well as size-excluded single batches of polyflourene were studied. Each batch had unique molecular weight, tetrahedral defect concentration, and polydispersity index (PDI). Polyflourene was found to exhibit a temperature-dependent transition between two phases with distinct electronic transition signatures: the α (primary) phase and the β (secondary) phase. In dilute solutions, the temperature at which the polymer exhibited a conversion between these phases showed a clear dependence on molecular weight. We model this transition temperature for β phase formation using the mean field theory for the coil–globule transition developed by Isaac Sanchez. Results show that temperature affects the average end-to-end distance corresponding to increases in secondary electronic absorption and that the dependence on te...
Speculative markets drug circuits and derivative life in Nigeria

Kristin Peterson's first book, Speculative Markets Drug Circuits and Derivative Life in Nigeria, offers an ethnographic illumination of how market transformations of the 1980s in places seemingly v...
Fluctuations of harmonic and radial flow in heavy ion collisions with principal components

We analyze the spectrum of harmonic flow, ${v}_{n}({p}_{T})$ for $n=0--5$, in event-by-event hydrodynamic simulations of Pb+Pb collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider ($\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}=2.76\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{TeV}$) with principal component analysis (PCA). The PCA procedure finds two dominant contributions to the two-particle correlation function. The leading component is identified with the event plane ${v}_{n}({p}_{T})$, while the subleading component is responsible for factorization breaking in hydrodynamics. For ${v}_{0}, {v}_{1}$, and ${v}_{3}$ the subleading flow is a response to the radial excitation of the corresponding eccentricity. By contrast, for ${v}_{2}$ the subleading flow in peripheral collisions is dominated by the nonlinear mixing between the leading elliptic flow and radial flow fluctuations. In the ${v}_{2}$ case, the sub-sub-leading mode more closely reflects the response to the radial excitation of ${\ensuremath{\varepsilon}}_{2}$. A consequence of this picture is that the elliptic flow fluctuations and factorization breaking change rapidly with centrality, and in central collisions (where the leading ${v}_{2}$ is small and nonlinear effects can be neglected) the sub-sub-leading mode becomes important. Radial flow fluctuations and nonlinear mixing also play a significant role in the factorization breaking of ${v}_{4}$ and ${v}_{5}$. We construct good geometric predictors for the orientation and magnitudes of the leading and subleading flows based on a linear response to the geometry, and a quadratic mixing between the leading principal components. Finally, we suggest a set of measurements involving three point correlations which can experimentally corroborate the nonlinear mixing of radial and elliptic flow and its important contribution to factorization breaking as a function of centrality.
Helicobacter Pylori Is Not the Predominant Etiology for Peptic Ulcers Requiring Operation

As the number of patients requiring operation for peptic ulcer disease (PUD) declines, presumed contemporary ulcer etiology has largely been derived from medically treated patients not subjected to...
Molecular and neural control of sexually dimorphic social behaviors

Sexually reproducing animals exhibit sex differences in behavior. Sexual dimorphisms in mating, aggression, and parental care directly contribute to reproductive success of the individual and survival of progeny. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the molecular and neural network mechanisms underlying these behaviors in mice. Notable advances include novel insights into the sensory control of social interactions and the identification of molecularly-specified neuronal populations in the brain that control mating, aggression, and parental behaviors. In the case of the latter, these advances mark a watershed because scientists can now focus on discrete neural pathways in an effort to understand how the brain encodes these fundamental social behaviors.
Cluster Analysis Based Software Project Risk Trends Study

By establishing a software project risk evaluation system and collecting data from questionnaire,this article used cluster analysis to study the trends and effectiveness of the 6 risk dimensions varying from low,medium to high risk project.The study can help the software project manager understanding the software project risk better and making corresponding risk management.
“Ensuring a Persistence of Vision – Preserving Archival Footage for Future Generations”

This presentation is intended to provide an overview of the National Archives of Australia's digitisation process for non-theatrical motion picture film. The Archives has one of the largest collections in Australia comprising approximately 260,000 films, ranging from early nitrate to modern polyester. The vast majority of the collection is 16mm, although nearly all types of film (from original and intermediate components to prints) are represented. These films vary considerably in their overall condition, which affects both long-term preservation and viewing. Discussion will focus on the differing requirements of archival preservation as opposed to restoration activities, as well as the importance of experience and skills in this area.
The role of macromolecules in the formation of kidney stones

The formation of crystal aggregates, one of the critical processes in kidney stone pathogenesis, involves interactions between crystals (predominantly calcium oxalate monohydrate, COM) and urinary constituents (e.g., proteins), which serve as an adhesive "glue" between crystals in stones. To develop a better understanding of the protein-crystal interactions that lead to crystal aggregation, we have measured the effect of model proteins on bulk COM crystal properties as well as their adsorption on crystal surfaces using three synthetic polyanions: poly(aspartic acid) (polyD), poly(glutamic acid) (polyE), and poly(acrylic acid) (polyAA). These anionic macromolecules reduced the amount of COM crystal aggregation in bulk solution to an extent similar to that observed for mixture of proteins from normal urine, with little difference between the polymers. In contrast, the polymers exhibited differences in measures of COM crystal growth. Polycations such as poly(arginine) (polyR) and poly(lysine) (polyK) reduced aggregation weakly and exerted negligible effects on crystal growth. All polyions were found to associate with COM crystal surfaces, as evidenced by changes in the zeta potential of COM crystals in electrophoretic mobility measurements. On the other hand, COM aggregation and possibly growth can be promoted by many binary mixtures of polycations and polyanions, which appeared to be mediated by polymer aggregate formation rather than loss of crystal charge stabilization. Similarly, crystal aggregation promotion behavior can be driven by forming aggregates of weakly charged polyanions, like Tamm-Horsfall protein, suggesting that polymer (protein) aggregation may play a critical role in stone formation. Sensitivity of polyanion-COM crystal surface interactions to the chemical composition of polymer side groups were demonstrated by large differences in crystal aggregation behavior between polyD and polyE, which correlated with atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements of growth inhibition on various COM surfaces and chemical force microscopy (CFM) measurements of unbinding forces between COM crystal surfaces and AFM tips decorated with either carboxylate or amidinium moieties (mimicking polyanion and polyR side chains, respectively). The lack of strong interaction for polyE at the COM (100) surface compared to polyD appeared to be the critical difference. Finally, the simultaneous presence of polyanions and polycations appeared to alter the ability of polycations to mediate unbinding forces in CFM and promote crystal growth. In summary, polyanions strongly associated with COM surfaces and influenced crystallization, while polycations did not, though important differences were observed based on the physicochemical properties of polyanions. Observations suggest that COM aggregation with both polyanion-polycation mixtures and weakly charged polyanions is promoted by polymer aggregate formation, which plays a critical role in bridging crystal surfaces.
A New Framework for Optimal Path Planning of Rectangular Robots Using a Weighted $L_p$ Norm

This letter introduces a new framework for modeling the optimal path planning problem of rectangular robots. Typically constraints for the safe, obstacle-avoiding path involve a set of inequalities expressed using logical or operations, which makes the problem difficult to solve using existing optimization algorithms. Inspired by the geometry of the unit sphere of the weighted $L_p$ norm, the authors find exact and approximate constraints for safe configurations using only logical and operations. The proposed method does not require integer programming nor computation of a Minkowski sum in the configuration space. In particular, the authors analyze two different cases of obstacle geometry: circular obstacles and rectangular obstacles. Using the weighted $L_p$ norm requires six inequalities to represent the exact constraints for collision avoidance of circular obstacles using and operations, and eight inequalities for rectangular obstacles. Four shortest path planning examples are analyzed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
On the Role of Recombinant Retroviruses in Murine Leukemia

Under normal circumstances, a compatible relationship exists between the mouse and the extensive family of endogenous retroviruses present in the mouse genome. These retroviruses are present as proviruses in all somatic and germline cells and are inherited according to Mendelian expectations [1]. The expression of either infectious virus, or more commonly expression of certain viral proteins, is regulated to various degrees in different mouse strains. Whether the presence of these retroviruses is simply tolerated or whether they serve some selective advantage to the host is yet to be determined. Suffice it to say, however, that in certain circumstances, the compatible relationship breaks down, resulting in leukemia. Evidence now suggests that leukemia results from recombination between otherwise innocuous, endogenous viruses, to produce a virus with oncogenic potential. The following is a synopsis of our understanding of this phenomenon as well as an attempt to outline possible mechanisms by which virus-induced transformation can occur.
Range extension of the introduced bee species Euglossa dilemma (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Monroe County, Florida, with notes of additional range extensions in southern Florida

Summary The introduced bee species Euglossa dilemma Bembe & Eltz (Hymenoptera: Apidae) continues to spread south and west of its 2003 introduction in Broward County, Florida. This study confirms its presence in Monroe County, and additional new internet records from 2012 to 2016 have found it present in Collier and Lee counties on the west coast of Florida. Soapy water pan traps and blue vane traps were found to be effective in sampling this species, which had previously only been collected with baited traps.
Too good to be true

Scientific discovery is often perceived as associated with a single act of genius or a moment in time that changes one's thinking and scientific discourse. Most scientists know that this perception is almost always far from reality. Scientific discovery is reached through long, persistent effort from groups of people who are willing to take risks and are not afraid to fail. Equally important is that funders of scientific research appreciate the need for such persistent effort and do not look only for easily identifiable, short-term benefits. We may occasionally recognize historic ‘moments’, but these often occur because of the less famous but equally important advances that came before, often over decades of work. The detection of gravitational waves is the culmination of many decades of persistent theoretical, observational and engineering work. While heralded as surprising, that the first detected wavescame from binary black holes was indeed theoretically expected.
Lateral-torsional buckling analysis of wood composite I-beams with sinusoidal corrugated web

Abstract Buckling instability refers to a significant limit on the structures with I-section members, which causes severe decreasing of critical buckling load. Many mechanisms and techniques have been developed to increase the loading capacity of I-section structures, e.g., using composite materials or changing web geometry. This study aims at theoretically investigating the effect of geometry on the buckling capacity of wood composite I-beams with sinusoidal corrugated web. Experiments and numerical simulations are carried out to validate the theoretical predictions. The presented model is also reduced to flat web to validate with an existing study. Good agreements are observed from the validations. Parametric study is conducted to indicate the effects of web geometry on the critical buckling load. A significant increasing of buckling load (minimum 17.7%) is obtained between flat and sinusoidal web I-beams. Sensitivity study is carried out to evaluate the influences of web thickness, beam length and beam height on the loading capacity of sinusoidal I-beams. Optimal design is conducted to investigate the impact of the ratios of wavelength-to-beam length ( a L ) and wave amplitude-to-flange width ( A T ) on the critical buckling load and volume of wood corrugated I-beams. The findings in this study can be further used as guidance for the design of composite I-beams with sinusoidal corrugated web.
Duhem in Pre-War Italian Philosophy: The Reasons of an Absence

The article illustrates the presence of Duhem’s thought in Italian philosophical culture until the Great War. This presence was very scarce, so we must speak of an absence. One can identify the causes of this absence with the fact that all the great Italian philosophical currents, in different ways, have had little interest or been manifestly opposed to the tensions that came from abroad after the great discussion about the crisis of mechanicism in which Duhem was an important protagonist.
Where DAP Is Due: Constructing Community Across Difference with the Dialogue Arts Project

This chapter discusses efforts to cultivate a critical, arts-based approach, focusing on how students and their teacher experienced a curriculum designed to deconstruct identity, personalize literature, and foster community in a high school English classroom. The structured practices of autoethnographic writing, performance poetry, and intergroup dialogue are merged to engage students in critical dialogue within and across differences in the classroom.
Towards Measuring the Effectiveness of Telephony Blacklists.

Presented on February 9, 2018 at 12:00 p.m. in the Klaus Advanced Computing Building, Room 1116W.
The Cold War: A World History

The Cold War: A Global History is the best single-volume account of that turbulent era. It towers over the standard books in other languages, such as George-Henri Soutou’s La guerre de Cinquante An...
Case-Based Learning of Applicability Conditions for Stochastic Explanations

This paper studies the problem of explaining events in stochastic environments. We explore three ideas to address this problem: (1) Using the notion of Stochastic Explanation, which associates with any event a probability distribution over possible plausible explanations for the event. (2) Retaining as cases (event, stochastic explanation) pairs when unprecedented events occur. (3) Learning the probability distribution in the stochastic explanation as cases are reused. We claim that a system using stochastic explanations reacts faster to abrupt changes in the environment than a system using deterministic explanations. We demonstrate this claim in a CBR system, incorporating the 3 ideas above, while playing a real-time strategy game. We observe how the CBR system when using stochastic explanations reacts faster to abrupt changes in the environment than when using deterministic explanations.
Authoritarian Personality: History of the Concept

During the final years of Weimar Germany, two Marxian psychoanalysts, Wilhelm Reich and Erich Fromm, proposed related psychodynamic models of an ‘authoritarian character structure’ in their attempts to account for the attraction of Germany's lower middle class to Hitler. Subsequent development by the exiled Frankfurt Institute's Critical Theorists linked up with empirical research on antisemitism by psychologists at the University of California. In 1950, the Berkeley Group (Adorno, Frenkel-Brunswik, Levinson, and Sanford) produced a massive volume entitled initially The Antidemocratic Personality and then The Authoritarian Personality. Soon the highly praised work inspired literally thousands of research reports of sometimes indiscriminate applications. Later, it also stimulated related work abroad, especially in West Germany. But the theory gradually succumbed to methodological criticism, spotty empirical confirmation, and changed societal priorities. More recently, attempts to revive the Authoritarian Personality failed to make much headway. Social psychological textbooks of the 1990s usually devote only a few—respectful—paragraphs to it. Although it had been an intriguing idea, promising some understanding of major historical-political developments, its empirical applications had failed to be convincing.
Dermal Advancement Flap

Treatment of anal fistula can be difficult for both the patient and the surgeon, as fistulas can be difficult to eliminate even under the best of circumstances. One procedure which surgeons who treat fistulas should be familiar with is the dermal advancement flap. This procedure is associated with a good success rate and avoids division of the anal sphincters. It can be particularly useful in cases with coexisting anal pathology such as anal stenosis. The technique of dermal advancement flap, results, and comparison to other procedures for the treatment of anal fistula are discussed.
Interactions between TLR4 methylation and alcohol consumption on subjective responses to an alcohol infusion.

Aims Converging evidence has implicated perturbed inflammatory signaling in alcohol use disorders (AUDs), and both animal and human studies suggest that alcohol-induced inflammatory signaling is mediated by Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4). We previously demonstrated that TLR4 is hypermethylated in subjects with AUD compared to control individuals. Examining the relationship between TLR4 methylation and subjective alcohol responses could shed light on the role of TLR4 in promoting AUDs, thereby highlighting its potential as a treatment target. Short summary Significant interactions were demonstrated between Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4) methylation and human alcohol consumption patterns, such that greater methylation was associated with decreased positive and negative self-reported arousal during an alcohol infusion among light-to-moderate drinkers, but increased self-reported positive arousal and physiological arousal (i.e. systolic blood pressure) among heavy drinkers. Methods Latent growth models were used to examine the relationship between TLR4 methylation and subjective responses and physiological measures of arousal during an alcohol infusion across 222 drinkers. Results We observed significant interactions of TLR4 methylation and alcohol use (drinks per week) on intercepts for self-report and physiological arousal measures. Specifically, light-to-moderate drinkers had positive associations between methylation and stimulation and tension (r's = 0.21-0.24), and heavy drinkers had negative associations (r's = -0.15 to -0.21). There were also significant interaction effects on changes in tension (β = 0.31, P < 0.01), systolic blood pressure (β = 0.74, P < 0.01) and marginal effects on stimulation (β = 0.15, P = 0.07) during the infusion, such that methylation was associated with decreased arousal among light-to-moderate drinkers (r's = -0.12 to -0.25) but stable or increased arousal among heavy drinkers (r's = 0.05-0.19). Conclusions Findings suggest that the relationship between TLR4 methylation and subjective and physiological arousal during acute alcohol intoxication depends upon on self-reported alcohol use. These data demonstrate the influence of TLR4 on subjective responses to alcohol, thereby supporting the need for further research on its potential as a pharmacological treatment target.
Natural resource abundance and healthcare efficiency in Appalachia: A robust conditional approach

Abstract This study investigates the role of natural resource abundance on healthcare efficiency in Appalachia. Unconditional efficiency measures are calculated from a production process where health inputs are turned into health outcomes. We utilize a non-parametric robust order-m estimator where we condition our efficiency measures on secondary environmental variables that do not directly impact health in a production process. Unlike the unconditional estimation procedure which impacts the shape of the production frontier, as well as the distance to the frontier, the secondary environmental variables alter the location of the production frontier, with corresponding effects on efficiency. We find that taking into account the relatively worse socioeconomic and healthcare conditions in Appalachia improves healthcare efficiency by 1.6- and 1.9-percentage points, respectively. The presence of natural resource extraction measured by oil, natural gas or coal production, worsens healthcare efficiency by 0.14-percentage points, another vehicle of the resource curse. Regressing the conditional efficiency estimates on secondary environmental variables shows that counties with natural resource production are further from the production frontier and therefore more inefficient. Findings suggest that policymakers can improve health efficiency by incentivizing positive health behaviors, such as reduced obesity and smoking rates, which would mimic health-improving inputs in a production process.
The Influence of the Extracellular Matrix in Inflammation: Findings from the SPARC-Null Mouse

Matricellular proteins are secreted proteins that, among other functions, can contribute to extracellular matrix (ECM) assembly including modulation of cell:ECM interactions. Recent discoveries have indicated a fundamental role for the ECM in the regulation of inflammatory responses including cell extravasation and recruitment, immune cell differentiation, polarization, activation, and retention in tissues. Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is a matricellular collagen-binding protein implicated in fibrillar collagen assembly in the ECM of connective tissue as well as in basal lamina organization. Functions of SPARC in modulating cell adhesion events are also reported. Studies of phenotypic responses observed in SPARC-null mice to a variety of injury models have yielded interesting insight into the functional importance of SPARC production and aberrations in ECM structure that occur in the absence of SPARC that influence immune cell behavior and inflammatory pathways. In this review, we will discuss several examples from different tissues in which SPARC-null mice exhibited an inflammatory response distinct from those of SPARC expressing mice and provide insight into novel ECM-dependent mechanisms that influence these responses. Anat Rec, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Using syslog message sequences for predicting disk failures

Mitigating the impact of computer failure is possible if accurate failure predictions are provided. Resources, and services can be scheduled around predicted failure and limit the impact. Such strategies are especially important for multi-computer systems, such as compute clusters, that experience a higher rate of failure due to the large number of components. However providing accurate predictions with sufficient lead time remains a challenging problem. This research uses a new spectrum-kernel Support Vector Machine (SVM) approach to predict failure events based on system log files. These files contain messages that represent a change of system state. While a single message in the file may not be sufficient for predicting failure, a sequence or pattern of messages may be. This approach uses a sliding window (sub-sequence) of messages to predict the likelihood of failure. Then, a frequency representation of the message sub-sequences observed are used as input to the SVM. The SVM associates the messages to a class of failed or non-failed system. Experimental results using actual system log files from a Linux-based compute cluster indicate the proposed spectrum-kernel SVM approach can predict hard disk failure with an accuracy of 80% about one day in advance.
Common Postcardiothoracic Surgery Arrhythmias

Cardiac arrhythmias are common after cardiac surgery and have profound sequelae. Bradycardias are typically transient and have reversible causes; however, persistent atrioventricular block is an indicator for permanent pacemaker implantation after valvular surgery. Transcatheter aortic valve surgery is associated with even higher rates of permanent pacemaker implantation. Atrial fibrillation, the most common postoperative arrhythmia, is associated with ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and short-term mortality. Ventricular arrhythmias have extremely high in-hospital mortality, as well as long-term mortality for those who survive the initial event. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators have been shown to reduce long-term mortality for these patients.
“Can Computer Based Human-Likeness Endanger Humanness?” – A Philosophical and Ethical Perspective on Digital Assistants Expressing Feelings They Can’t Have”

Digital assistants engage with us with increasingly human-like conversations, including the expression of human emotions with such utterances as “I am sorry…”, “I hope you enjoy…”, “I am grateful…”, or “I regret that…”. By 2021, digital assistants will outnumber humans. No one seems to stop to ask if creating more digital companions that appear increasingly human is really beneficial to the future of our species. In this essay, we pose the question: “How human should computer-based human-likeness appear?” We rely on the philosophy of humanness and the theory of speech acts to consider the long-term consequences of living with digital creatures that express human-like feelings. We argue that feelings are the very substance of our humanness and therefore are best reserved for human interaction.
Exploiting Koinophilia-Phenomena to Classify Geographic Origin

This paper primarily explores a new method that pairs evolutionary psychology and computer vision to classify the geographic origins of an unknown subject. This work first outlines existing research into koinophilia, an evolutionary psychology phenomenon describing phenotypical attraction to averages. An associated hypothesis to this paper is the geographic isolation of this phenomena. This research explores the potential of a simulation where an experimental group of known geography interacts with a selection of averaged faces, their relative koinophilia phenomena can be used to infer a geographic classification of the unknown group.
Implications of the reverse associations between obesity prevalence and coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases and related deaths in the United States

Abstract The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that was most recently discovered, quickly evolved into a global pandemic. Studies suggested that obesity was a major risk factor for its hospitalization and severity of symptoms. This study investigated the associations between obesity prevalence with overall COVID-19 cases and related deaths across states in the United States. General regression and Chi-square tests were used to examine those associations. The analyses indicated that obesity prevalence (%) across states were negatively associated with COVID-19 cases (p = 0.0448) and related deaths (p = 0.0181), with a decrease of 158 cases/100K population and 13 deaths/100K for every 5% increase of the obesity prevalence. When the states were divided based on the median of obesity prevalence (30.9%) into a group of states with low obesity prevalence and a group with high obesity prevalence, both the cases (671 vs 416 cases/100k population) and deaths (39 vs 21 deaths/100k population) were significantly different (p