cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Supporting common ground and awareness in emergency management planning: A design research project

We present a design research project on knowledge sharing and activity awareness in distributed emergency management planning. In three experiments we studied groups using three different prototypes, respectively: a paper-prototype in a collocated work setting, a first software prototype in a distributed setting, and a second, enhanced software prototype in a distributed setting. In this series of studies we tried to better understand the processes of knowledge sharing and activity awareness in complex cooperative work by developing and investigating new tools that can support these processes. We explicate the design rationale behind each prototype and report the results of each experiment investigating it. We discuss how the results from each prototyping phase brought us closer to defining properties of a system that facilitate the sharing and awareness of both content and process knowledge. Our designs enhanced aspects of distributed group performance, in some respects beyond that of comparable face-to-face groups.
Withdrawal of care in a potentially curable patient.

ordance with ACCME regulations, the American College of ns, as the accredited provider of this journal CME, must that anyone in a position to control the content of the tional activity has disclosed all relevant financial relationships ny commercial interest. The editor and author(s) of this article were required to complete disclosures and any reported conflicts have been managed to our satisfaction. However, if you perceive a bias within the article, please advise us of the circumstances on the evaluation form.
Pricing and Capital Allocation for Multiline Insurance Firms

We study multiline insurance companies with limited liability and limited capital, creating the possibility of insurer default. Insurance premiums are determined by no-arbitrage option pricing methods. The results are developed under the realistic assumption that the losses created by insurer default are allocated among policyholders following an ex post, pro rata, sharing rule. In general, the ratio of default costs to expected claims, and thus the ratios of premiums to expected claims vary across insurance lines. Moreover, capital and related costs are allocated across lines in proportion to each line’s share of a digital default option on the insurer. Our results differ from those derived elsewhere in the literature.
The Digestion of Protein, Fat and Starch in the Depancreatized Chicken

Abstract INTRODUCTION LITTLE work has been done on the digestion of protein, fat and carbohydrate in the chicken because of the difficulty in the collection of urine and feces separately. Using the technique of Ariyoshi and Morimoto (1956), the digestion of protein, fat and starch was studied in normal and depancreatized chickens. The proteases, lipase and amylase were measured in the feces of these chickens to provide some information upon the amount of these enzymes in the intestinal tract during the digestive process. We wish to report some measurements on normal and depancreatized chickens with colostomies. EXPERIMENTAL Care of the chickens and their treatment. In this experiment, males which had been depancreatized when weighing about 400 gms. were maintained on the U. C. Stock Mash containing 20% raw beef pancreas until they reached adulthood, at which time artificial ani were prepared by the method of Ariyoshi and Morimoto (1956). This enabled…
Conformational states of 18 S rRNA from HeLa cells detected by gel electrophoresis.

Abstract Gel electrophoretic analysis has been used to study some of the conformational properties of 18 S rRNA from HeLa cells. After isolation and treatment by heat or denaturants, the mobility of the RNA in 3% acrylamide 0.5% agarose composite gels was found to be altered; often there were two or more distinct components. Several of these forms could be interconverted by heating to 40°C or by use of dimethyl sulfoxide. Although these conformers were easily distinguishable (by their electrophoretic properties), their melting profiles were very similar. Only a single electrophoretic form was detected when electrophoresis was performed at 40°C. The conformational differences observed are probably derived by variations in base pairing and stacking that result when the parent form is cooled.
Explaining variable returns to cognitive skill across occupations

Abstract Data from the National Adult Literacy Study indicate that returns to literacy skill vary across occupations. Two possible explanations for such differences are examined: are returns to skill related (1) the skill demands of the occupation and (2) the institutional factors—namely, the level of unionization, public sector employment, and self-employment—that govern the wage-setting process within an occupation? The findings suggest that both the skill demands and institutional characteristics of an occupation shape the importance of cognitive skill for earnings. In particular, occupations with greater cognitive and interpersonal skill demands have increased returns to skill, while those with greater manual skill demands decrease the skills–earnings relationship. Occupations with a greater percentage of public sector workers decrease the importance of skills for earnings, but higher levels of unionization and self-employment within an occupation modestly increase returns to skill for workers.
Sudden Nocturnal Warming Events in Mississippi

Significant episodes of sudden nocturnal warming have been observed by the Mississippi Mesonet. The probable relation of these nocturnal warming events to surface layer regime transitions between a decoupled quiescent surface layer and a more turbulent, less thermodynamically stable surface layer is discussed within the context of four examples with different temporal signatures. In general, the changes in wind speed and inversion strength are consistent with expectations for such regime changes. However, details of individual events indicate a wider variety of event characteristics than has been documented previously. The cases examined are proposed as prototypes for four different types of warming event, based on the evolution of temperature and dewpoint as well as on whether clear forcing from a mesoscale or synoptic frontal passage can be identified. Using this classification system and a subjective evaluation of event magnitude, the frequency of nocturnal warming events is analyzed for four mesonet stations at varying distance inland over the period of record.
Hypothyroid Cardiomyopathy: A Reversible Form of Systolic Heart Failure

A 66-year-old woman with a history of hypothyroidism was admitted to the hospital with new congestive heart failure and generalized fatigue. Thyroid function studies were consistent with undertreated severe hypothyroidism; there was no evidence of prior myocardial infarction or other causes for the heart failure presentation. Transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated severe global left ventricular hypokinesis with a large apical thrombus (Figure 1, Video 1) and bilateral pleural effusions. The patient was treated supportively and given thyroid hormone replacement and intravenous heparin followed by warfarin. Follow-up echocardiography 2 weeks later demonstrated improved left ventricular systolic function with persistence of the apical thrombus (Video 2). The patient’s clinical status improved after the correction of her hypothyroidism. Subsequent follow-up
Cross-talk between the Akt and NF-κB Signaling Pathways Inhibits MEHP-Induced Germ Cell Apoptosis

Phthalates are ubiquitous contaminants that target the testis during in utero and postnatal development. The PI3K/Akt and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways have been implicated in germ cell survival following testicular injury. Here we observe that Akt kinase activity increases in the testes of postnatal day 28 wild-type mice following exposure to 500 mg/kg mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), and that loss of Akt1 results in the premature onset of germ cell apoptosis. To further determine the basis for this sensitivity, we investigated the potential for cross-talk between the PI3K/Akt and NF-κB signaling pathways. We found a twofold increase in Akt1-dependent phosphorylation of the IκBα subunit following exposure to 500 mg/kg MEHP and decreased levels of the total IκBα protein. Examination of the expression of the NF-κB subunits, p50 and p65, in Akt1 wild-type testes following MEHP exposure revealed a twofold increase in p50 mRNA at 6 h. Interestingly, in Akt1-deficient testes, basal expression of both the p50 and p65 subunits was elevated 1.6- and 4-fold, respectively. This was due, at least in part, to increased levels of oxidative stress as measured by both superoxide anion formation and increased expression of SMAC/DIABLO, a proapoptotic mitochondrial protein. In wild-type testes, MEHP-induced Akt1-dependent transcription of the antiapoptotic mitochondrial target gene, Bcl-xL. Together, these results indicate that Akt1 plays a role in the initial protection of germ cells following MEHP-induced germ cell apoptosis and that this response is partially mediated by cross-talk with the NF-κB signaling pathway and an increased sensitivity to oxidative stress.
Performance and design considerations for high speed SiGe HBTs of f/sub T//f/sub max/=375 GHz/210 GHz

This work presents a Si-based approach to develop high-speed devices for broadband communication applications. SiGe HBTs with f/sub T/ and f/sub max/ of 375 GHz and 210 GHz, respectively, are reported. The achieved f/sub T/ of 375 GHz is the highest reported value for any Si-based transistor and also for any bipolar transistor. Associated BV/sub CEO/ and BV/sub CBO/ are 1.4 V and 5.0 V, respectively. The device structure and process steps are described highlighting the differences from III-V technologies, and the impact of layout configuration and device dimension on the device performance is discussed.
Real-time ordnance recognition in color imagery

Military test ranges containing unexploded ordnance due to live-fire testing and training exercises are a significant safety problem in many locations. Automated cleanup of such sites is a challenging goal. This paper describes algorithms to detect a type of ordnance in current usage using color imagery. The techniques are designed to run in real-time using off-the-shelf hardware for use on an unmanned ground vehicle. Our methodology is to quickly detect candidate locations using color and stereo information. Additional processing is then applied to the candidate locations in order to eliminate false alarms. This technique has been tested on a set of imagery from a live-fire test range with outstanding results.
Forests Too Deer: Edge Effects in Northern Wisconsin

Abstract: Browsing by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) can profoundly affect the abundance and population structure of several woody and herbaceous plant species. Enclosure studies and population surveys reveal that past and current deer densities as low as 4 deer/km2 may prevent regeneration of the once common woody species, Canada yew (Taxus canadensis), eastern hemlock (Tsuja canadensis), and white cedar Puja occidentalis), as well as several herbaceous species. Prior to European settlement, forests in northern Wisconsin contained relatively sparse deer populations (<4/km2), but extensive timber cutting in the late nineteenth century boosted deer populations. Continued habitat fragmentation resulting from scattered timber harvests and the creation of “wildlife openings” to improve deer forage maintain these high densities throughout much of the Northeast. Because deer wander widely, the effects of high deer densities penetrate deeply into remaining stands of old and mature forest, greatly modifying their composition Thus, abundant early successional and “edge” habitat, and the high deer densities they engender, represent significant external threats to these plant communities. We hypothesize that establishing large (200–400 km2) continuous areas of maturing forest, especially in conjunction with increased hunting, could reduce local deer densities and so provide a simple and inexpensive method for retaining species sensitive to the deleterious effects of browsing.
SOI design experiences with Motorola's high-performance processors

Motorola uses its portfolio of host processor products as a means to drive leading-edge technologies within the corporation. Recently silicon-on-insulator (SOI) has been added as a process technology option. This paper describes the issues in bringing this technology up as a design option for our high-performance processors.
Renal hemodynamics and function with continuous positive-pressure ventilation in dogs.

Renal blood flow obtained by a square-wave electromagnetic flowmeter and intrarenal distribution of blood flow assessed by 3Kr washout-curve analysis were measured in ten dogs lightly anesthetized with pentobarbital. Creatinine clearance, sodium excretion, and fractional sodium reabsorption were mea
A 155 GHz 220mW synthesizer-free phase based radar system in 65nm CMOS technology

This paper presents a complete phase-based radar system operating at 155 GHz which employs a non-coherent approach to ranging, offering the major advantage that frequency synthesizers are not needed in the Tx and Rx. This enables the possibility of multi-pixel radar systems through a 51% reduction of total system power vs. similar coherent radar. The proposed radar system achieves sub-centimeter target position accuracy and consumes only 220mW per radar channel (excluding commercial phase detector) in a 65nm CMOS technology.
Serum Ferritin and Total Iron-Binding Capacity to Estimate Iron Storage in Pigs:

The inability to accurately determine storage iron in baby pigs limits the development of new treatment programs. In pigs treated neonatally with iron dextran, serum ferritin had increased dramatically at ten days of age and then returned to near preinjection levels by 50 days of age. In contrast, serum ferritin in untreated pigs declined until they were offered creep feed at 21 days of age. When serum ferritin, serum iron, serum total iron-binding capacity, erythrocyte number, packed cell volume, and blood hemoglobin were measured in three-week-old pigs, serum ferritin combined with serum total iron-binding capacity correlated significantly with the total nonheme iron in the liver and spleen. The nonheme iron (in mg) could be predicted (r2 = 0.71) by the following expression: 8.7 + 0.6 (ferritin in ng/ml).
An active optical detector for high frequency ultrasound imaging

Optical detection of ultrasound has numerous advantages over traditional piezoelectric methods. These systems offer non-contact inspection, rapid scanning capabilities, fine spatial sampling and large bandwidths. In addition, difficulties associated with conventional ultrasound imaging systems such as cross-talk between elements, electrical connections, and electromechanical resonances are greatly reduced or even eliminated. However, optical systems have lower sensitivity than their piezoelectric counterparts, limiting their widespread use in ultrasound imaging. Active optical detection offers a solution. An active ultrasound detector, consisting of a neodymium-doped glass waveguide laser with an optical demodulation system, was built demonstrating enhanced sensitivity while preserving the benefits of traditional passive optical detection.
Recent Temperature Changes in the Western Arctic during Spring

Abstract The lower troposphere of the western Arctic (eastern Siberia to northern Canada) was relatively warm during spring in the 1990s. Based on the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis, supplemented by the Television Infrared Observational Satellite (TIROS) Operational Vertical Sounder (TOVS) Polar Pathfinder dataset, this warmth is a result of a recent increase in the frequency of warm months, compared to the previous four decades. The primary difference between four notably warm springs in the 1990s and four cold springs in the 1980s was the sense of the horizontal advection term in a lower-tropospheric heat budget for northern Alaska/southern Beaufort Sea. While the horizontal advection of heat was highly episodic, it was related to changes in the mean circulation at low levels, in particular a shift from anomalous northeasterly flow in the 1980s to anomalous southwesterly flow in the 1990s during March and April. This change in the low-level winds in the western Arctic coincided with a systematic shift in the Arct...
The Role of Cholesterol and Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored Proteins of Erythrocyte Rafts in Regulating Raft Protein Content and Malarial Infection

Human erythrocytes are terminally differentiated, nonendocytic cells that lack all intracellular organelles. Here we show that their plasma membranes contain detergent-resistant membrane rafts that constitute a small fraction (4%) of the total membrane protein, with a complex mixture of proteins that differentially associate with rafts. Depletion of raft-cholesterol abrogates association of all proteins with no significant effect on cholesterol:protein ratios in the rest of the membrane, lipid asymmetry, deformability, or transport properties of the bilayer, indicating that cholesterol is critical for protein assembly into rafts and suggesting that rafts have little influence on several erythrocyte functions. Erythrocytes from patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, which lack glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins, show significant elevation in raft-cholesterol but no increase in raft protein association, suggesting that raft assembly does not require glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins, raft proteins do not bind directly to cholesterol, and only threshold levels of raft-cholesterol are critical for protein recruitment. Loss of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins had no effect on erythrocytic infection by malarial parasite or movement of raft markers into the parasite's vacuole. However, infection is blocked following raft-cholesterol disruption, suggesting that erythrocyte rafts can be functionally exploited and providing the first evidence for the involvement of host rafts in an apicomplexan infection.
Anode Hosts for Lithium Batteries: Revisiting Tin and Aluminum

Pure tin reacts readily with four lithium atoms, and so is a prime candidate as the host for the anode of lithium batteries. Tin foil and an expanded tin grid (microporous tin) have a capacity of >600 mAh/g over more than 10 deep reaction cycles, indicating the inherent reversibility of tin anode. The microporous tin showed superior chemical capacity retention. Different phases are observed during the intercalation of lithium. Capacity loss was observed after 10 cycles though, consistent with the significant increase of the cell impedance. For comparison aluminum expanded grids were also examined as hosts, where LiAl is formed. Capacities approaching 1 Ah/g were obtained. LiBOB (lithium bis(oxalato)borate) was also studied as the electrolyte salt for comparison with the reactive and high cost LiPF6 salt.
Closer to deep underwater science with ODYSSEY IV class hovering autonomous underwater vehicle (HAUV)

The Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Laboratory (AUVLAB) at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is currently building and testing a new, general purpose and inexpensive 6000 meter capable hovering autonomous underwater vehicle (HAUV), the 'ODYSSEY IV class'. The vehicle is intended for rapid deployments, potentially with minimal navigation, thus supporting episodic dives for exploratory missions. For that, the vehicle is capable of fast dive times, short survey on bottom and simple navigation.
The roadies take the stage: on-going development and maintenance of the Legacy Tobacco Documents Library at the University of California San Francisco

The Legacy Tobacco Documents Library (LTDL) was launched on January 31, 2002. The launch was the successful completion of an intense one-year project to build a public digital library of approximately 4 million tobacco industry documents released under terms of the master settlement agreement between US tobacco companies and the National Association of Attorneys General. After being open for a year and expanding the size of the collection by another million documents, the LTDL team is faced with several challenges. We built the LTDL using the University of Michigan's DLXS middleware and the XPAT search engine. The LTDL is based on searchable metadata and document images.
Liberation and animation for ventilated ICU patients: the ABCDE bundle for the back-end of critical care

Critically ill patients are frequently prescribed sedatives and analgesics to ensure patient safety, to relieve pain and anxiety, to reduce stress and oxygen consumption, and to prevent patient ventilator dysynchrony. Recent studies have revealed that these medications themselves contribute to worsening clinical outcomes. An evidence-based organizational approach referred to as the ABCDE bundle (Awakening and Breathing Coordination of daily sedation and ventilator removal trials; Choice of sedative or analgesic exposure; Delirium monitoring and management; and Early mobility and Exercise) is presented in this commentary.
Role of CR4 in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Human Macrophages Binding and Signal Transduction in the Absence of Serum

The β2 integrin CR4 is involved in Mycobacterium tuberculosis phagocytosis by human mononuclear phagocytes through the opsonin C3bi. In this study, we demonstrate that M. tuberculosis can bind directly to monocyte-derived macrophages via CR4 in the absence of any opsonins. CR4-transfected CHO cells gave similar results, suggesting recognition by CR4 of bacterial structure. Furthermore, binding of M. tuberculosis transduced a potent signal, resulting in tyrosine phosphorylation of macrophage proteins, which was in part mediated by CR4.
Media Literacy Education at the University Level

In recent years, the media literacy education movement has developed to help individuals of all ages acquire the competencies necessary to fully participate in the modern world of media convergence. Yet media literacy education is not practiced uniformly at all educational levels. This study used a survey to compare the extent to which students are exposed to several basic elements of media literacy education at the high school and university levels. Results suggest that students are exposed to more course content related to media use and creation in high school, but more course content related to media analysis in college.
Reconstructing culture: the promises and challenges as articulated by Latino/a youth

This qualitative study examines how a group of Latino/a high school students living in the Southeast used youth media as a forum to promote a selective pattern of acculturation. The study explores the ways in which the students’ discourse emphasised the maintenance of the students’ home culture and privileged familismo, a cultural construct that holds the needs of the family above the needs of the individual. The doubly precarious issue of gender and biculturalism is examined, and found to be problematic for the female participants who personally struggled with a patriarchal family structure, yet publically promoted family loyalty and respect. The study highlights the female participants’ challenges and the importance of providing a space to examine these challenges.
Liderança: uma conceituação e algumas implicações

This program aimed at the treatment and control of parasitic diseases with zoonotic potential in dogs and cats, such as skin diseases caused by accarus (sarcoptic mange, notoedric mange and quieletioses), verminosis (toxicoriasis and ancylostomiasis) and carp louse plagues. In this study, the drug used had ivermectine as active principle. The program represented a contribution to the public health and also to the animals whose owners had low income in the municipality of Ibiuna. Four hundred and eighteen animals were treated in five city districts, with the following results: seventy-four animals (18%) presented clinical signals indicating skin diseases caused by accarus; a hundred and twenty animals (29%) presented clinical signals indicating verminosis; nine animals (2%) presented carp louse plagues and the remaining two hundred and fifteen animals (51%) did not present clinical signals indicating parasitic diseases. Ninety-six animals did not finish the treatment, 23% of the medicated dogs and cats in the district. As to the animals that finished the treatment, 100% presented improvements after the first prescription of the drug.
A University that Evangelizes? Ex corde ecclesiae Six Years Afterwards

After years of consultation, on August 15, 1990, Pope John Paul II published an Apostolic Constitution, Ex corde ecclesiae . Familiar as the document is to many readers, especially in Catholic higher education, in the sixth anniversary year of its appearance it continues to merit careful review. The document is divided into two parts, with the first section describing the identity and mission of a Catholic university and its mission of service while the second proposes seven General Norms for implementation. In early 1991, the National Conference of Catholic Bishops established a committee of seven bishops and eleven consultants, eight of whom were college or university presidents, to oversee the implementation of the Constitution. Later, in August 1994, a Project Director, the Reverend Terrence Toland, S.J., was appointed.
The influence of interspecific competition on home range size in chipmunks (Eutamias)

The influence of interspecific competition on home range size of two sympatric chipmunks, Eutamias amoenus and E. townsendii , was studied experimentally on two 6.24 ha grids in the Cascade Mountains of eastern Washington from 1980 to 1982. The species overlap in habitat use, diet, and time of daily activity (Pianka's Index of Overlap = 0.34, 0.62, and 0.98, respectively). Regression analysis of eight measures of vegetation structure with number of chipmunk captures suggests that in the study area these species do not use separate microhabitats ( P > 0.05). Behavioral interactions between the species are highly agonistic and E. townsendii is dominant over E. amoenus ( P < 0.001). In June 1981, all resident E. townsendii were removed from one of the grids. Relative to the control grid, the home range size of resident E. amoenus on the experimental grid increased after the removal of E. townsendii ( P < 0.05). In addition, the absence of E. townsendii led to an increase in juvenile recruitment of E. amoenus ( P < 0.05). These results are interpreted with respect to the costs and benefits to an animal of using a given amount of space. When resources are not partitioned and interactions between species are aggressive, interspecific competition results in an increase in the cost of using an area and a decrease in home range size.
Problems in Determination of Antibiotic Synergism in Vitro

The methods and criteria for testing for synergy were compared by use of 22 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and a combination of cephalothin and gentamicin. With the checkerboard technique, the frequency of synergy varied with the criterion employed. When the rate of killing of bacteria by antibiotics was measured, results varied according to the size of inoculum. Comparison of the checkerboard and killing-curve techniques showed poor correlation in terms of the frequency of strains showing synergy. Because clinical observations suggest that treatment of serious infections with combinations of antibiotics that are synergistic in vitro may enhance survival, the methods and criteria for testing for synergy should be standardized. In the treatment of serious bacterial infections, particularly in immunosuppressed or granulocytopenic hosts, combinations of two or more antimicrobial agents are frequently employed. This approach is based on the assumption that the agents may act synergistically in vivo, that is, that the combination will produce an effect greater than that which could be predicted on the basis of the additive activities of each individual drug. If the clinical impression that synergistic combinations of antimicrobial agents enhance survival of patients with serious infections is true, then it is critical that in vitro methods of laboratory testing be reliable. Most methods of testing for synergy have compared the MICs of two agents alone and in combination, as in the checkerboard technique. A second method used to assess synergy has been the comparison of rates of killing with a given bacterial inoculum, for antibiotics individually and in
Pupil size, eye contact, and instrumental aggression.

The study of visual behavior in social interaction has received increasing attention (Ellsworth & Ludwig, 1972). Specifically, eye contact has been demonstrated to affect significantly the amount of aggression delivered to an insulting victim (Ellsworth & Carlsmith, 1973). While the scatus of pupillary activity has been primarily that of a dependent variable (Goldwater, 1972), the present smdy manipulated both the pupil size and the gaze pattern of a victim and measured their influence in an aggressive encounter. Sixteen male college s~udents were given the opportunity to shock two victims (accomplices). There were four experimental treatments. The two victims had either ( a ) dilated pupils or ( b ) constricted pupils. One victim ( a ) stared at the subject; the other victim ( b ) visually avoided him. Subject and victim were seated 3 % ft. from each other, and only the upper half of the victim's face could be seen. The order of presentation of the two victims was counterbalanced. F~oally, the victim's pupils were changed by chemicals, neosynephrine for dilation and isopto carpine for constriction. Resulcs showed that victims with enlarged pupils received fewer shocks ( M = 5.9) than victims with constricted pupils ( M = 9.3, F1.14 = 11.2, p < ,005). Subjeca also tended ro look less into the line of regard of victims with dilated pupils (M = 39% vs 56%, K.1, = 4.2, p < .O6). The visual patterns of the victims had no significant influence on subjects' aggression; however, further analysis of the data obtained from the subjecrs' reactions to the first victim showed a tendency for staring victims to elicit less aggression than visually avoiding victims ( p < . 2 5 ) . This finding was consistent w i ~ h prevlous research. These data suggest that very subtle changes in the nonverbal behavior of a victim may have pronounced influence on the actions of a nonangered aggressor.
Element Misidentification in X-ray Crystallography: A Reassessment of the [MCl2(diazadiene)] (M = Cr, Mo, W) Series

A series of reports describing the syntheses and structures of [MCl2(diazadiene)] (M = Cr, Mo, W) complexes is reassessed in the context of known chemistry of low-valent Group VI metal complexes, crystallographic trends such as M-Cl bond lengths and unit cell volumes, and calculated metal-ligand bond lengths. Crystallographic data and computational results are inconsistent with any of these species being second or third row transition metal complexes. A review of the crystallographic information files accompanying the [MCl2(diazadiene)] (M = Mo, W) published structures reveals that the metal atoms were inappropriately treated with partial site occupancy factors (0.775 for Mo; 0.4005 and 0.417 for W), the effect of which was to manifest lighter-element behavior and better refinement in accord with the metal atoms' correct identity. A deliberate synthesis and characterization by X-ray diffraction of [ZnCl2((Mes)dad(Me))] ((Mes)dad(Me) = 1,4-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-2,3-dimethyl-1,4-diaza-1,3-butadiene) are reported. Refinement of this structure with the same combination of second or third row metal and offsetting partial site occupancy is shown to provide final refinement statistics essentially the same as with the correct model employing M = Zn at site occupancy 1.00. Use of the published method for synthesis of [WCl2(diazadiene)] with (Mes)dad(Me) and [WBr4(MeCN)2] in lieu of [WCl4(MeCN)2] is shown to produce [ZnBr2((Mes)dad(Me))], which has also been characterized by X-ray diffraction. It is concluded that the unusual putative 12-electron [MCl2(diazadiene)] (M = Cr, Mo, W) complexes are in all cases the corresponding [ZnCl2(diazadiene)] complexes, Zn having been commonly employed as reducing agent in their synthesis.
Strain Measurement in Two-Dimensional Nanoscale Si Gratings by High Resolution X-ray Diffraction

The strain induced by thermal oxidation in a cylindrical silicon (Si) structure has been studied by high resolution synchrotron x-ray diffraction. The strain in the structure studied is expected to display some of the features that exist in three-dimensional non-planar surfaces in electronic devices. The sample consisted of a 2-dimensional array, with period of 300nm, of approximately cylindrical pillars covered with a thin thermal oxide (thickness ~6nm). These showed a tensile strain of 3.7×10−4 at room temperature. This strain can be relaxed elastically by chemical removal of the oxide. Process simulation indicates the importance of both the contribution due to interface stress during the oxide growth and stress due to differential thermal contraction during the cooldown. Significant differences exist between the strain in such cylindrical pillars and in a flat wafer.
Self-adaptive control for uncertain systems based-on RBF neural networks

As we all know,the neural networks can approach any nonlinear function.So,in this paper,an adaptive neural networks control scheme is proposed for a class of nonlinear systems.A sufficient condition for the stability of the system is given,which has been proven by Lyapunov theory.And this scheme guarantees the convergence to the tracking error.It indicates that the controller is effectual.The result of simulation indicates its practicability.
A Tale of Two Eastwoods: Iconographic Persona and Rhetorical Ethos in Clint Eastwood's “Halftime in America” and RNC 2012 Address

In 2012, actor-director Clint Eastwood was twice the special focus of attention in America, not for his acting or directing accomplishments but for a pair of uniquely prominent and instantly memorable televised ideological statements. His scripted appearance in a two-minute Super Bowl XLVI halftime commercial for the Chrysler Group was widely lauded while his address to the Republican National Convention in Tampa, Florida, later that year remains to this day an object of pointed criticism and widespread ridicule. This essay uses side-by-side rhetorical analyses of the two examples - this tale of two Eastwoods - to demonstrate the import of expectation and rhetorical persona in an age of modern, national, and global celebrity. The comparison illustrates how a massively famous speaker whose mediated public image has achieved highly symbolically status may both benefit from and struggle with what I call “iconographic persona.” The essay argues that celebrity speakers and spokespersons in modern societies must seek congruence between iconographic persona and rhetorical ethos. In Eastwood's case, the expectations and associations met and solidified by the Chrysler ad went unmet in the RNC address, and thus two appeals by the same speaker resulted in two very different receptions. In conversation with Amossy, Halloran, and Butterworth in “connecting” contemporary discussions of rhetoric, celebrity, nationalism, and sport, this essay sheds light on the unique rhetorical position of the celebrity speaker in the political or activist spheres.
Phase I trial of ICRF-187 by 48-hour continuous infusion

ICRF-187 is the D-enantiomer of the racemic antitumor agent ICRF-159 and was selected for clinical trials on the basis of aqueous solubility suitable for iv administration. Eighteen patients with refractory advanced solid tumors received ICRF-187 by a 48-hour continuous iv infusion in 5% Dextrose in Water, USP. The total dose ranged from 200 to 1000 mg/m2/48 hours. Courses were repeated at 22--28-day intervals. The major toxic effect was reversible granulocytopenia, with the nadir on Day 12 and the recovery by Day 22. At a dose of 1000 mg/m2/48 hours, the median nadir total wbc count was 1700/mm3 (range, 1300--2600), and the median nadir granulocyte count was 597/mm3 (range, 270--1300). Platelet count nadirs of less than 100,000/mm3 occurred in only three of 16 courses at this level. Granulocyte toxicity was not cumulative and was less severe in repeated courses (median nadir, 1000/mm3 in courses two and three). Mild nausea, malaise, and three instances of alopecia were the only nonhematologic toxic effects encountered. Compared to other schedules, a continuous 48-hour infusion of ICRF-187 seems to have greater toxic effects for a given total dose, and this may predict greater biologic effect. A starting dose of 1000 mg/m2 by a 48-hour continuous infusion is recommended for phase II trials.
The Experience of Magic

Despite its enduring popularity, theatrical magic remains all but ignored by art critics, art historians, and philosophers. This is unfortunate, since magic offers a unique and distinctively intellectual aesthetic experience and raises a host of interesting philosophical questions. Thus, this article initiates a philosophical investigation of the experience of magic. Section I dispels two widespread misconceptions about the nature of magic and discusses the sort of depiction it requires. Section II asks, “What cognitive attitude is involved in the experience of magic?” and criticizes three candidate replies; Section III then argues that Tamar Szabo Gendler's notion of “belief-discordant alief” holds the key to a correct answer. Finally, Section IV develops an account of the experience of magic and explores some of its consequences. The result is a philosophically rich view of the experience of magic that opens new avenues for inquiry and is relevant to core issues in contemporary aesthetics.
Potentiating NK cell activity by combination of Rosuvastatin and Difluoromethylornithine for effective chemopreventive efficacy against Colon Cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second highest cause of cancer-related deaths. A successful strategy to improve chemopreventive efficacies is by down-regulating tumor polyamines and enhancing NK cell activities. Colonic carcinogenesis was induced by azoxymethane (AOM) in male F344 rats. Eight weeks after AOM treatment, animals were fed diets containing Rosuvastatin and difluromethylornithine (DFMO) individually and in combination for 40 weeks. Both agents showed significant suppression of adenocarcinoma multiplicity and incidence with no toxicity compared to untreated rats. Low-dose Rosuvastatin plus DFMO suppressed colon adenocarcinoma multiplicity by 76% compared to low-dose Rosuvastatin (29%) and DFMO (46%), suggesting additive efficacy. Furthermore, low-dose combination caused a delay in colonic adenocarcinoma progression. DFMO, Rosuvastatin and/or combinations significantly decreased polyamine content and increased intra-tumoral NK cells expressing perforin plus IFN-γ compared to untreated colon tumors. Further ex-vivo analysis of splenic NK cells exposed to DFMO, Rosuvastatin or combination resulted in an increase of NKs with perforin expression. This is the first report on Rosuvastatin alone or combination strategy using clinically relevant statin plus DFMO doses which shows a significant suppression of colon adenocarcinomas, and their potential in increasing functional NK cells. This strategy has potential for further testing in high risk individuals for colon cancer.
There Are a Lot of Things They Didn't Tell Me When I Signed On: Helping Trainees Land a First Job

During my training and my early faculty tenure, there was a picture of a dust-caked, grizzled cowboy that hung between the two primary cardiac operating rooms. Beneath the picture was written, "There are a lot of things about this job they didn't tell me when I signed on." When we moved into our new hospital, the picture did not resurface. However, I never forgot the lesson conveyed by that picture. One of the most important obligations faculty members have is to help their trainees find a job. While their trainees have likely had part-time jobs and, of course, they've held training positions, they usually have not had a 'real' job before. The job that each hopes to land at this point in their lives is vastly different from any that they've had before, and the issues that they need to consider are numerous, substantial, and, generally, unfamiliar to them. Therefore, a brief review of some of these considerations may be useful to those giving advice about the post-residency job search. I will not cover one major issue in choosing a 'first' job: whether to look at academic jobs, non-academic jobs, or jobs that are hybrids of the two. As most know, in academics it's dog eat dog, while in non-academic jobs, it's just the opposite.
“Doing Bad to Do Good” (a)

This case is part of the Giving Voice to Values (GVV) curriculum. To see other material in the GVV curriculum, please visit http://store.darden.virginia.edu/giving-voice-to-values. A consultant was asked by a state agency to carry out a financial evaluation of a community organization that worked with severely disabled clients and assisted them with their applications for state financial income and medical support. While conducting the evaluation, she learned that in some cases the information provided on the client's application for statutory support was exaggerated in order to secure the highest allotment of funding for the client. Excerpt UVA-OB-1146 Giving Voice to Values Rev. Nov. 15, 2016 “Doing Bad to Do Good” (A), Caroline ran a small consultancy firm that specialized in offering business support services to local community organizations and social enterprises. Caroline grew up in the local community where she worked and members of her extended family still lived there. Her first job was as a community economic development worker, facilitating the development of social enterprises within the community. Over the past 20 years, Caroline had worked with (and for) many community and state organizations and had a reputation as a conscientious, trustworthy, and ethical consultant. Even though the community organizations or social enterprises were Caroline's direct clients in her consultancy business, often the funding for the work came from program-based local state funding agencies or corporate donors. In addition to writing business plans and providing financial accounts and marketing services, Caroline was often asked to provide program evaluation services. For this work, Caroline was hired by the community organization (under contract) to carry out an evaluation of that organization's programs. Her fee, however, was arranged and paid directly by the state agency in order to facilitate transparency. . . .
Inside Rwanda’s Gacaca Courts: Seeking Justice After Genocide

Rwanda’s unprecedented use of grassroots courts (inkiko gacaca) to try suspects of the 1994 genocide has received widespread attention over the past decade, from academics and legal practitioners t...
Rotator cuff repair with a novel mesh suture: An ex vivo assessment of mechanical properties.

Surgical repair is a common treatment for rotator cuff tear; however, the retear rate is high. A high degree of suture repair strength is important to ensure rotator cuff integrity for healing. The purpose of this study was to compare the mechanical performance of rotator cuffs repaired with a mesh suture versus traditional polydioxanone suture II and FiberWire sutures in a canine in vitro model. Seventy-two canine shoulders were harvested. An infraspinatus tendon tear was created in each shoulder. Two suture techniques-simple interrupted sutures and two-row suture bridge-were used to reconnect the infraspinatus tendon to the greater tuberosity, using three different suture types: Mesh suture, polydioxanone suture II, or FiberWire. Shoulders were loaded to failure under displacement control at a rate of 20 mm/min. Failure load was compared between suture types and techniques. Ultimate failure load was significantly higher in the specimens repaired with mesh suture than with polydioxanone suture II or FiberWire, regardless of suture technique. There was no significant difference in stiffness among the six groups, with the exception that FiberWire repairs were stiffer than polydioxanone suture II repairs with the simple interrupted technique. All specimens failed by suture pull-out from the tendon. Based on our biomechanical findings, rotator cuff repair with the mesh suture might provide superior initial strength against failure compared with the traditional polydioxanone suture II or FiberWire sutures. Use of the mesh suture may provide increased initial fixation strength and decrease gap formation, which could result in improved healing and lower re-tear rates following rotator cuff repair. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:987-992, 2018.
Protein Mass Effects on Formate Dehydrogenase.

Isotopically labeled enzymes (denoted as “heavy” or “Born–Oppenheimer” enzymes) have been used to test the role of protein dynamics in catalysis. The original idea was that the protein’s higher mass would reduce the frequency of its normal-modes without altering its electrostatics. Heavy enzymes have been used to test if the vibrations in the native enzyme are coupled to the chemistry it catalyzes, and different studies have resulted in ambiguous findings. Here the temperature-dependence of intrinsic kinetic isotope effects of the enzyme formate dehydrogenase is used to examine the distribution of H-donor to H-acceptor distance as a function of the protein’s mass. The protein dynamics are altered in the heavy enzyme to diminish motions that determine the transition state sampling in the native enzyme, in accordance with a Born–Oppenheimer-like effect on bond activation. Findings of this work suggest components related to fast frequencies that can be explained by Born–Oppenheimer enzyme hypothesis (vibrati...
Experiments on the Control of Deceptive Signals of Status in White-Crowned Sparrows

-We showed previously that crown plumage brightness signals relative dominance ability in White-crowned Sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys gambelii). We now test the social-control hypothesis for the evolutionary stability of status signaling against invasion by individuals with brighter crowns than justified by their intrinsic dominance ability. "Cheating" immature females, with crowns painted to resemble bright adult males, and "control" immature females, with crowns painted a typical immature appearance or left unpainted, were released into two separate wild sparrow flocks and into two different captive groups that contained birds of all age and sex classes. In the field experiments, cheaters were more successful than controls in dominance interactions with other immatures; both groups were equally unsuccessful against adults. In the captivity experiments, cheaters generally dominated controls and were more successful than they in interactions with immature males and adult females but not with adult males. Cheaters did not receive more aggression from dominant individuals than did controls in any experiment, and in two experiments they received significantly less aggression. Thus, we found no socially mediated costs for sparrows with deceptive signals. Instead, we showed that immature females that cheat can benefit. The stability of the White-crowned Sparrow signaling system remains unexplained. We discuss the potential influence of predators on individual plumage differences and offer additional hypotheses for the control of deceptive signals. Received 6 May 1986, accepted I