cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The characteristics and affinities of the Amphisbaenia

The amphisbaenians, to judge from the many changes of opinion regarding their appropriate position among the vertebrates, appear to have puzzled most students of herpetology. Re-evaluation suggests that a case may now be made for classifying the amphisbaenians as an order, separate from the lizards and snakes, but included with them in a superorder Squamata. Evidence for such a position may be derived from several dozen systems in which amphisbaenians differ from lizards, from snakes, or from both. Although individual character states are occasionally equivalent to those shown by one or another family of lizards, there is no “closest” family. This suggests that the Amphisbaenia probably diverged from the remainder of the Squamata before the diversification of all present families of lizards. Unfortunately many of the character states are still known from only a limited number of amphisbaenians and information for other groupings of squamates is similarly inadequate.
GaAs HBT Reliability

We discuss the many factors affecting the reliability of GaAs HBTs that we have encountered starting from the early days of AlGaAs-emitter HBTs through the present day use of InGaP-emitter HBTs. We discuss both wearout and infancy failure modes and try to distinguish fundamental (i.e., unavoidable) from nonfundamental failure modes. We have found that infant failures are dominated by substrate dislocation density, which can limit long-term-reliable circuit sizes to under ~1000 transistors.
Nigerian Primary and Post Primary Teachers' Utility of the Due Process of Law

The paper focused on the utility of the due process of law by teachers as a protection and corrective measure in case of problems between teachers and the system served. The writer reviewed how 'right' and the due process can be related as well as the essence of the due process when considering the crucial areas as portrayed in the paper. In the process, the writer utilized available cases and necessary administrative examples which thus, amplified, substantiated and assisted in the analysis of the areas considered. Finally, the writer suggested that based on possible changes in the society, there is the need to examine and revise past statues, laws, edicts and decrees to improve some problematic areas faced by teachers in the teaching profession. This approach will not only ensure and allow harmony, peace and promote respect for each individual's right in the teaching profession but, also ensure satisfaction among teachers.
An application of splittable 4-frames to coloring of K n,n

Axenovich et al. (J. Combin. Theory Ser. B, to appear) considered the problem of the generalized Ramsey theory. In one case, they use the existence of Steiner triple systems, Pippenger and Spencer's theorem on hyperedge coloring, and the probabilistic method to show that r'(Kn,n, C4, 3) ≤ 3n/4(1 + o(1)), wherer'(Kn,n, C4, 3) denotes the minimum number of colors to color the edges of Kn,n such that every 4-cycle receives at least either 3 colors or 2 alternating colors. In this short paper, using techniques from combinatorial design theory, we prove that r'(Kn,n, C4, 3) ≤ (2n/3)+ 9 for all n. The result is the best possible since r'(Kn,n, C4, 3) > ⌊2n/3⌋ as shown by Axenovich et al. (J. Combin. Theory Ser. B, to appear).
Mitochondrial DNA variation among populations of the glassy-winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca coagulata

The glassy-winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca coagulata (Homoptera: Cicadellidae), is a highly polyphagous insect species that is distributed throughout most of the southern regions of the United States. In the last 10 years, H. coagualta has become established in California and represents a significant threat to the state's $35 billion wine and table grape industries. DNA sequencing analysis was used to characterize a portion of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene from a single population of the smoke tree sharpshooter, Homalodisca liturata, in California and from 20 natural populations of H. coagulata distributed in Tahiti, California, Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida. The results indicate that H. liturata and H. coagulata are genetically distinct, suggesting that they do not hybridize. Populations of H. coagulata are geographically structured into two groups of haplotypes; a group of populations from east of the Mississippi River including Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama and Florida and a group comprised of populations west of the Mississippi River from Texas and California, and from Tahiti. There was no genetic structure among haplotypes within the eastern and western groups, respectively. The data also indicates that H. coagulata in California most likely originated from a source in Texas and not from any of the populations east of the Mississippi River.
Robust adaptive control: Design, analysis and robustness bounds

Despite the publication of numerous papers and several books dealing with the design, analysis and robustness properties of adaptive control, the theory of adaptive control may appear too technical and sometimes confusing to some people due to the so many different approaches, modifications and stability tools employed by various researchers in the field. The effort of this paper is to alleviate some of this confusion by presenting a procedure for designing and analyzing adaptive schemes. This procedure not only unifies most of the modifications used for stability and robustness but also clarifies why different approaches lead to the same result. The general framework that we developed can be used not only to analyze and unify most of the adaptive control schemes proposed in the literature but also to generate new ones. In addition, the analytical tools used allow the calculation of robustness margins and error bounds in a straightforward manner.
Silesia After War’s End

In May 1945, in the wake of the Soviet army’s conquest of Silesia, Polish administrative units began taking over the entire region as bona fide Polish territory, gradually settling it with inhabitants from east of the Curzon line and from other parts of Poland; cities, towns, and villages were given Polish names, as were road signs and the railroads and other forms of transportation. The Zloty became the only currency. Mass expulsion of Germans began as early as May 1945 and gradually gained momentum with the penetration of every town and village by Polish militia and administrative units.
Right ventricular afterload sensitivity dramatically increases after left ventricular assist device implantation: A multi-center hemodynamic analysis

Background Right ventricular (RV) failure is a source of morbidity and mortality after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation. In this study we sought to define hemodynamic changes in afterload and RV adaptation to afterload both early after implantation and with prolonged LVAD support. Methods We reviewed right heart catheterization (RHC) data from participants who underwent continuous-flow LVAD implantation at our institutions (n = 244), excluding those on inotropic or vasopressor agents, pulmonary vasodilators or additional mechanical support at any RHC assessment. Hemodynamic data were assessed at 5 time intervals: (1) pre-LVAD (within 6 months); (2) early post-LVAD (0 to 6 months); (3) 7 to 12 months; (4) 13 to 18 months; and (5) very late post-LVAD (18 to 36 months). Results Sixty participants met the inclusion criteria. All measures of right ventricular load (effective arterial elastance, pulmonary vascular compliance and pulmonary vascular resistance) improved between the pre- and early post-LVAD time periods. Despite decreasing load and pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP), RAP remained unchanged and the RAP:PAWP ratio worsened early post-LVAD (0.44 [0.38, 0.63] vs 0.77 [0.59, 1.0], p Conclusions Despite reducing RV load, LVAD implantation leads to worsened RV adaptation. With continued LVAD support, both RV afterload and RV adaptation improve, and their relationship remains constant over time post-LVAD. These findings suggest the RV afterload sensitivity increases after LVAD implantation, which has major clinical implications for patients struggling with RV failure.
Importance of oxygen octahedra tilts for the electron-phonon coupling in K-doped BaBiO3

Despite considerable research efforts, a clear understanding of superconductivity in Ba${}_{0.5}$K${}_{0.5}$BiO${}_{3}$ has been elusive. Recent studies showed that although electron-correlation effects in this compound can significantly increase the electron-phonon coupling, they do not reproduce the measured Eliashberg spectral function (${\ensuremath{\alpha}}^{2}F$). We show that the oxygen octahedra tilts in Ba${}_{0.5}$K${}_{0.5}$BiO${}_{3}$ increase ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}^{2}F$ in the range of frequencies near 30 meV, even on the level of the generalized gradient approximation. This increase in ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}^{2}F$ changes its shape to provide better agreement with experiment and results in a 50--60% increase of the average electron-phonon coupling strength $\ensuremath{\lambda}$. We use the Wannier interpolation technique to determine the electron-phonon coupling with high precision.
Abstract 3480: TNFα accelerates tumor vascular leukocyte formation through the induction of integrin α5 expression and adhesion to fibronectin

Tumor associated myeloid cells are believed to promote tumor development by stimulating tumor growth, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. Tumor associated myeloid cells that co-express endothelial and myeloid markers represent a pro-angiogenic subpopulation known as vascular leukocytes. Recently, we and others have demonstrated that tumor-derived TNFα promotes local tumor growth and vascularity. Our data suggest that tumor growth is in part due to TNFα-mediated increased numbers of tumor-associated vascular leukocytes (ie myeloid-endothelial biphenotypic cells). The work detailed herein explored the mechanism by which TNFα mediates endothelial differentiation of myeloid cells. Our studies showed that fibronectin is a robust facilitator of endothelial differentiation of blood mononuclear cells in vitro. We have found that TNFα treatment of monocytes significantly increased expression of α5β1 integrin, a major fibronectin receptor enriched on endothelial cells, leading to a consequent 4-fold increase in fibronectin adhesion. Furthermore, TNFα treated monocytes upregulated expression of endothelial markers, flk-1(VEGFR2/KDR) and VE-cadherin. Integrin α5 subunit inhibitory antibodies blocked adhesion to fibronectin as well as consequent upregulation of flk-1 and VE-cadherin transcripts, implying a role for outside-in signaling by the α5β1 integrin after binding fibronectin. Finally, treatment of mouse tumors with anti-α5 antibodies reduced accumulation of tumor vascular leukocytes in vivo. Our studies suggest that tumor-cell derived TNFα constitutes a tumor microenvironment signal that promotes differentiation of tumor-associated monocytes towards a proangiogenic/provasculogenic myeloid-endothelial phenotype via upregulation of the fibronectin receptor α5β1. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3480. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3480
Study on the Harmless Processing of Swine Wastewater by ATAD Process

[Objective]To study harmless processing of swine wastewater ATAD process. [Method]ATAD system was used to treat pathogenic bacteria in swine wastewater. The influences of mud concentration,mixing speed and aeration amount to the sterilization effect of ATAD were studied. Meanwhile,we studied the change of bacteria amount with time and temperature. [Result] The best condition for ATAD treating swine wastewater was that the mud concentration was 35 g / L,and the mixing speed was 180- 190 r / min,and the aeration amount was 25-32 L / h. [Conclusion]When applying ATAD process for achieving harmlessness of swine wastewater,the removal rate of ascaris eggs reached100%,and the removal rates of total bacteria amount,fecal coliform and fecal streptococcus all reached more than 99. 9%. The harmlessness effect was satisfactory.
Optimal Control of Drug Therapy in a Hepatitis B Model

Combination antiviral drug therapy improves the survival rates of patients chronically infected with hepatitis B virus by controlling viral replication and enhancing immune responses. Some of these drugs have side effects that make them unsuitable for long-term administration. To address the trade-off between the positive and negative effects of the combination therapy, we investigated an optimal control problem for a delay differential equation model of immune responses to hepatitis virus B infection. Our optimal control problem investigates the interplay between virological and immunomodulatory effects of therapy, the control of viremia and the administration of the minimal dosage over a short period of time. Our numerical results show that the high drug levels that induce immune modulation rather than suppression of virological factors are essential for the clearance of hepatitis B virus.
Elevated NLR in gallbladder cancer and cholangiocarcinoma – making bad cancers even worse: results from the US Extrahepatic Biliary Malignancy Consortium

Background Gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary malignancies are aggressive tumors with high risk of recurrence and death. We hypothesize that elevated preoperative Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratios (NLR) are associated with poor prognosis among patients undergoing resection of gallbladder or extrahepatic biliary cancers.
CONTRAST AND ASSIMILATION PROCESSES IN CONSUMERS' EVALUATIONS OF DUAL BRANDS

This study extends the branding literature by examining the psychological processes by which consumers evaluate brand alliances. The theoretical basis for this study is the development of models of context effects in brand evaluations (Meyers-Levy & Sternthal 1993 and Levin & Levin 2000). Of particular interest is how dual branding (two restaurant brands with shared features) influences transfer of affect between brands. Although there was a contrast effect in both the separate and dual brand conditions, this contrast effect was significantly reduced in the dual brand condition. Marketing implications of forming brand alliances are discussed.
Financial insecurity and risk experiences of justice involved persons with severe mental illness

More information is needed about the financial experiences of justice-involved persons with severe mental illness. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used to examine the financial resources,...
Formations for Resilient Robot Teams

All cooperative control algorithms for robot teams assume the ability to communicate without considering the possibility of a malicious or malfunctioning robot that may either communicate false information or take wrong actions. This paper addresses the development of formations that enable resilience, the ability to achieve consensus, and to cooperate in the presence of malicious or malfunctioning robots. Specifically, we use the notion of robust graphs to build resilient teams, and focus on the problem of designing robot formations with communication graphs (each edge models a bidirectional communication link) that are robust. We present algorithms to build robust graphs. Given a set of robots and the maximum number of malicious or malfunctioning robots, we are able to 1) state if it is possible to build a resilient team; 2) say what the proximity relationships that enable communication ought to be; 3) construct elemental resilient graphs; and 4) develop a framework for composing resilient teams to build larger resilient teams. We illustrate these algorithms by constructing resilient robot formations in the plane.
Staging the (Sur)real World: Soledad Agresti’s Theater of Women

In “Staging the (Sur)real World: Soledad Agresti’s Theater of Women,” Raffaele Furno examines Agresti’s critique of womanhood in her surrealist plays. Agresti’s as yet unpublished Il frutto reveals female friendship as a relational site in which women can be both victims of the confines of womanhood in patriarchal society and victimizers as they act out the competitiveness that patriarchal society attributes to that bond. The play Il bambino che verra, meanwhile, is an exploration of the different facets of one woman that converge in two sociopolitical contexts of exploitation—of human labor and of women through motherhood. With La gamba di Sarah Bernhardt, Agresti investigates the ways in which women’s embodiment of conventional notions of womanhood affects interpersonal relations.
Reaction: Molecular Modeling for Novel Antibacterials

Denis Fourches, PhD, is a molecular modeler and expert in cheminformatics in the Department of Chemistry and the Bioinformatics Research Center at North Carolina State University. His research focuses on the development and applications of novel predictive cheminformatics methods.
A Laplacian characterization of phytoplankton shape

Phytoplankton exhibit pronounced morphological diversity, impacting a range of processes. Because these impacts are challenging to quantify, however, phytoplankton are often approximated as spheres, and when effects of non-sphericity are studied it is usually experimentally or via geometrical approximations. New methods for quantifying phytoplankton size and shape generally, so all phytoplankton are analyzable by the same procedure, can complement advances in microscopic imagery and automated classification to study the influence of shape in phytoplankton. Here we apply to phytoplankton a technique for defining the size of arbitrary shapes based on the Laplacian—the operator that governs processes, such as nutrient uptake and fluid flow, where phytoplankton shape is expected to have the greatest effect. Deviations from values given by spherical approximation are a measure of phytoplankton shape and indicate the fitness increases for phytoplankton conferred by their non-spherical shapes. Comparison with surface-to-volume quotients suggests the Laplacian-based metric is insensitive to small-scale features which can increase surface area without affecting key processes, but is otherwise closely related to surface-area-to-volume, demonstrating this metric is a meaningful measure. While our analysis herein is limited to axisymmetric phytoplankton due to relative sparsity of 3D information about other phytoplankton shapes, the definition and method are directly generalizable to 3D shape data, which will in the near future be more readily available.
A 37-Year-Old Female With Abdominal Pain and Diarrhea: A Case of Idiopathic Hypereosinophilic Syndrome

We report a case of a 37-year-old female who presented with diffuse abdominal pain associated with dysphagia, weight loss, and history of chronic non-bloody diarrhea. Labs showed severe eosinophilia and esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) showed patchy erythema in antrum and body of the stomach. The pathological exam showed lymphoplasmacytic inflammation of lamina propria with increased eosinophil count and eosinophilic abscesses. The immunophenotypic analysis did not show evidence of clonality. There was no evidence of allergic reaction or infection. In view of the absence of causes to explain severe eosinophilia, the diagnosis of hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) was made and she was started on steroids with improvement in her symptoms and eosinophils counts in subsequent evaluations. J Med Cases. 2017;8(11):335-339 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jmc2813w
Retelling La charca: Osario de Vivos, Women, and Con/Textual Aggressions in Puerto Rican Literature

This chapter analyzes Gean Carlo Villegas’s 2013 novel, Osario de vivos, as a retelling of Manuel Zeno Gandia’s La charca, (1894). A panoramic view of the topic of violence—social and/or gendered—illustrates the trajectory of the colonialist experience in Puerto Rico. Therefore, the role of women in Osario de vivos is approached within the possibility of them being modern-day Silvinas (La charca). This retelling of La charca is in dialogue with other expressions of violence in Puerto Rican literature, for example, the one depicted in Rene Marques’s La carreta (gendered-sexual-familial), and the one portrayed in Mayra Santos Febres’s “Hebra rota” (social-racial). Thus, Osario de vivos emerges as a novela-instalacion, examining the colonial “mundo enfermo” that Zeno Gandia had denounced in the late-nineteenth century.
Three Student Engagement Strategies to Help Elementary Teachers Work Smarter, Not Harder, in Mathematics.

Many students with and/or at risk for emotional and behavioral disorders have academic deficits that affect their performance in mathematics. In addition, these students’ behavioral issues may inte...
PEGylation of therapeutic oligonucletides: From linear to highly branched PEG architectures

PEGylation, the attachment of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), has been adopted to improve the pharmacokinetic properties of oligonucleotide therapeutics for nearly 30 years. Prior efforts mainly focused on the investigation of linear or slightly branched PEG having different molecular weights, terminal functional groups, and possible oligonucleotide sites for functionalization. Recent studies on highly branched PEG (including brush, star, and micellar structures) indicate superior properties in several areas including cellular uptake, gene regulation efficacy, reduction of side effects, and biodistribution. This review focuses on comparing the effects of PEG architecture on the physiochemical and biological properties of the PEGylated oligonucleotide.
Time from Lung Transplant Donor Brain Death to Cross Clamp: An Analysis of the UNOS Registry

Purpose It has been suggested that the length of time between donor brain death and cross clamp impacts post-transplant graft function and recipient survival in lung transplantation. Methods The 2007-2018 United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) Registry was queried for all adult recipients undergoing isolated lung transplantation (single or bilateral) for the first time. Donation after circulatory death (DCD) donors or those with an unknown time from brain death until cross clamp were excluded. Recipients were stratified by those who received an allograft from donors with times from brain death until cross clamp less than (SHORT) or greater than (LONG) the median. The primary outcome of interest was post-transplant survival, which was evaluated with Kaplan-Meier and Cox Proportional Hazards analyses. Results 15,914 lung transplant recipients met inclusion criteria. Median time from donor brain death until cross clamp was 36 hours (IQR 17). Recipients of SHORT donors were more likely treated with IV antibiotics pre-transplant (12.3% vs 10.6%, p = 0.001) and spent a longer time on the waiting list (median 64 vs 58 days, p = 0.016). Both cohorts had similar lung allocation scores (median 40.8 vs 41.0, p = 0.292). Overall survival between the two cohorts was equivalent on Kaplan-Meier analysis (Figure 1, log-rank p = 0.776). On evaluation of other thresholds, time from donor brain death until cross clamp greater than the 75th percentile or less than the 25th percentile similarly did not impact recipient survival. After adjustment for donor and recipient characteristics, graft ischemic time, and year of transplant on Cox Proportional Hazards assessment, donor time from brain death until cross clamp was not associated with decreased survival (AHR 1.00, p = 0.981). Conclusion Time from donor brain death until cross clamp is not associated with decreased post-transplant survival. Therefore, lung allografts from donors with a prolonged length of time from brain death until explant should not be viewed less favorably.
Parallel three-dimensional simulations of quasi-static elastoplastic solids

Abstract Hypo-elastoplasticity is a flexible framework for modeling the mechanics of many hard materials under small elastic deformation and large plastic deformation. Under typical loading rates, most laboratory tests of these materials happen in the quasi-static limit, but there are few existing numerical methods tailor-made for this physical regime. In this work, we extend to three dimensions a recent projection method for simulating quasi-static hypo-elastoplastic materials. The method is based on a mathematical correspondence to the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations, where the projection method of Chorin (1968) is an established numerical technique. We develop and utilize a three-dimensional parallel geometric multigrid solver employed to solve a linear system for the quasi-static projection. Our method is tested through simulation of three-dimensional shear band nucleation and growth, a precursor to failure in many materials. As an example system, we employ a physical model of a bulk metallic glass based on the shear transformation zone theory, but the method can be applied to any elastoplasticity model. We consider several examples of three-dimensional shear banding, and examine shear band formation in physically realistic materials with heterogeneous initial conditions under both simple shear deformation and boundary conditions inspired by friction welding.
Regression Discontinuity Threshold Optimization

Treatments often come with thresholds, e.g. we are given statins if our cholesterol is above a certain threshold. But which statin administration threshold maximizes our quality of life adjusted years? More generally, which threshold would optimize the average expected outcome? Regression discontinuity approaches are used to measure the local average treatment effect (LATE) and more recently also the Marginal Threshold Treatment Effect (MTTE), which shows how marginal changes in the threshold can affect the LATE. We extend this idea to define the problem of optimizing a policy threshold, i.e. selecting a threshold that optimizes the cumulative effect of the treatment on the treated. We present an estimator of the optimal threshold based on a constrained optimization framework. We show how to use machine learning (Gaussian process regression) for non-linear estimation. We also extend the estimation to a conservative threshold that is unlikely to produce harm, and we show how to include policy cost constraints. We apply these results to estimate an optimal tip-maximizing threshold for tip suggestions in taxi cabs (Haggag and Paci, 2014).
Your Scientific Community

In this chapter we want to start a conversation about growing beyond your home turf. You do your science locally; it takes place within your team at your institution. But also, you are also a scientist within a larger global scientific community – a community full of peers, colleagues, and people with similar or related purpose and goal. Within this larger community, you contribute new knowledge to advance a field of work. Thus, it is important to consider ways you connect to that larger scientific community. We will address several areas of this larger scientific community in this chapter. First we will consider professional societies that provide academic stimulation and collaboration. Second, we will address contributing to science’s big picture, including reviewing grants and papers and attending conferences. Finally, we invite you to consider your role among your own circle of learners, either geographical or topical, and ways to contribute to the future of science.
Abstract 4496: Cytokine-induced post-translational modifications of FOXA1 affect enhancer selection and estrogen signaling in breast cancer cells

The pioneer transcription factor FOXA1 is a critical determinant for estrogen receptor (ER) function in hormone-dependent breast cancers. Upon estrogen stimulation, liganded ER binds to poised enhancer regions across the genome that are demarcated by FOXA1 and histone modifications such as H3K4me1 and H3K27ac. In a recent publication, we show that proinflammatory signaling, caused by the cytokine TNFa, drives FOXA1 to latent enhancer binding sites to promote chromatin accessibility for subsequent ER binding upon estrogen ligation. These latent enhancers, activated by the combined treatment of estrogen and TNFa, induced the expression of a unique transcriptome with clinical significance. The effects of TNFa treatment on FOXA1 chromatin redistribution and subsequent gene expression occur within 40 minutes, which points to a rapid signaling cascade that culminates in either changes in FOXA19s posttranslational modifications (PTMs) or its binding partners. To understand how proinflammatory TNFa signaling can redirect FOXA1 to new sites across the genome, we started by characterizing the posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of FOXA1. We immunoprecipitated FOXA1 from MCF-7 breast cancer cells that were treated by E2, TNFa or E2+ TNFa, and then examined their posttranslational status using semi-quantitative and quantitative mass spectrometry approaches. Several phosphorylation sites and acetylation sites have been identified near the DNA binding domain of FOXA1, and acetylation of lysine 295 (K295) was found specifically enriched in TNFa treatment. To test if acetylation of FOXA1 at K295 changes its binding preference and genomic distribution, we used the programmable properties of CRISPR/Cas9 to create specific knockin mutations to mimic or prevent acetylation of K295 in MCF-7 cells. More specifically, we mutated K295 to glutamine (K295Q) to mimic acetylation and essentially “lock” FOXA1 into a permanently acetylated state and, for comparison, we created another cell line where K295 was mutated to arginine (K295R) to prevent acetylation of FOXA1. Our preliminary data shows changes in the genomic redistribution of FOXA1 in the knock-in cell lines resulting in altered gene expression programs. These data suggest that inflammation-based acetylation of FOXA1 can affect estrogen signaling pathways in breast cancer cells by altering the enhancer landscape of FOXA1 and consequently the estrogen receptor. Supported by a grant from the NIH/NCI (R00 CA204628) to H.L.F Citation Format: Shen Li, Raul Mendez-Giraldez, Joseph P. Garay, Kamila Wisniewska, Colby A. Tubbs, Charles M. Perou, Hector L. Franco. Cytokine-induced post-translational modifications of FOXA1 affect enhancer selection and estrogen signaling in breast cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4496.
Odd K3,3 subdivisions in bipartite graphs

We prove that every internally 4-connected non-planar bipartite graph has an odd K 3 , 3 subdivision; that is, a subgraph obtained from K 3 , 3 by replacing its edges by internally disjoint odd paths with the same ends. The proof gives rise to a polynomial-time algorithm to find such a subdivision. (A bipartite graph G is internally 4-connected if it is 3-connected, has at least five vertices, and there is no partition ( A , B , C ) of V ( G ) such that | A | , | B | ? 2 , | C | = 3 and G has no edge with one end in A and the other in B.)
For Heaven's Sake, Give the Child a Voice: An ADR Approach to Interfaith Child Custody Disputes

The right to maintain complete control over the rearing of children is traditionally held to be a fundamental right of parenting. However, enforcement of this parental right often fails to accommodate the rights of children. Courts have attempted to protect the rights of children by setting standards by which the choices of parents are limited in regard to childrearing practices. One particularly troubling context in which this conflict of rights manifests itself is when courts have been importuned to assist parents in determining child custody arrangements upon the dissolution of their marriage. While factors have been somewhat consistently laid out to determine this issue in accordance with the “best interests” of the child, some relevant factors lie outside of the authority of the courts. Religion is
Honeysuckle leaf blight reduces the growth of infected Amur honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii, Caprifoliaceae) seedlings in a greenhouse experiment1

Amur honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) is an important invasive plant species in the Ohio River Valley. Previous work has shown extensive dieback of honeysuckle in the region, coupled with the appearance of the native fungal pathogen, honeysuckle leaf blight (Insolibasidium deformans). Our goal was to find if the blight causes growth decline or mortality in Amur honeysuckle. Seedlings were grown under greenhouse conditions in 2017. Treated seedlings were sprayed with a spore solution prepared from blighted leaves that were collected from the field. They were placed into a growth chamber with conditions set for optimum spore growth and then returned to the greenhouse after leaf blight began to develop. Growth (height, total stem length, leaf area, and leaf number) and dark-adapted chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) were measured periodically over the growing season. A repeated-measures analysis of aboveground growth indicated that larger, faster-growing plants were more likely to be infected, but their growth rates were subsequently reduced much more than uninfected treated plants and controls. There were positive correlations between Fv/Fm and RGR (relative growth rate). Blighted leaves had lower values of Fv/Fm than uninfected leaves. No infected plants died, but this experiment supports our hypothesis that leaf blight causes a significant growth decline in Amur honeysuckle. Future work will determine if the patterns seen under greenhouse conditions hold in the field.
SensorRE: Provenance support for software reverse engineers

Abstract Reverse engineering is a time-consuming process essential to software-security tasks such as malware analysis and vulnerability discovery. During the process, an engineer will follow multiple leads to determine how the software functions. The combination of time and possible explanations makes it difficult for the engineers to maintain a context of their findings within the overall task. Analytic provenance tools have demonstrated value in similarly complex fields that require open-ended exploration and hypothesis vetting. This paper introduces SensorRE, the first analytic provenance tool designed to support software reverse engineers. A semi-structured interview with experts led to the design and implementation of the system. As core components, we describe the visual interfaces and their integration within an existing software analysis tool. SensorRE automatically captures user’s sensemaking actions and provides a graph and storyboard view to support further analysis. User study results demonstrate that SensorRE is easy to use and that it improved the participants’ exploration process.
Transvaginal Sonography-Guided Management of Ectopic Pregnancies

While most ectopic pregnancies implant in the fallopian tube, 10% of extrauterine pregnancies occur outside of the fallopian tube posing an even greater potential to cause significant morbidity and mortality [Leite (Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. 62(2):184–5, 2016)]. These non-tubal or complex ectopic pregnancies, such as cesarean scar, cervical, interstitial, ovarian, and heterotopic pregnancies, may be associated with a delayed presentation and diagnosis and thereby a higher risk of emergent surgery, life-threatening hemorrhage and hysterectomy. Fortunately, due to advances in ultrasound technology and clarifications in the criteria for diagnosing ectopic pregnancies, these pregnancies are detected earlier, allowing for timely and less invasive treatment measures. Local injection of ectopic pregnancies with chemotherapeutic agents in place of, or as an adjuvant to, systemic medical or surgical therapy is becoming established as a safe and effective treatment option in appropriately selected patients [Raughley and Frishman (Semin. Reprod. Med. 25(2):99–115, 2007)].
Modular Design of Receiver Side Power Electronics for 200 kW High Power Dynamic Wireless Charging System

Dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT) can provide energy to EVs in motion and extend the drive range. By upscaling the charging power to 200 kW (High Power DWPT), the percentage of electrified roadway reduces and the solution becomes cost-effective. However, coil coupling-coefficient variation during vehicle movement fluctuates the transferred power which is unfavorable for vehicle battery. Secondary regulation design can smooth the power but the converter design becomes very challenging due to requirement in high power, high efficiency, fast control, as well as high power density since the unit will be onboard. This paper provides the modular design approach of a 200 kW secondary side unit to achieve high performance and scalability. The DC/DC converter using SiC devices demonstrated 98.3% efficiency.
Development of an Instrument to Assess and Deliberate on the Integration of Mathematics into Student-Centered Science Learning

It has long been noted in research literature that there does not exist a shared definition of integration of science and mathematics. Classifying a particular set of integration practices by one of many labels has limited value. Moving past the definition debate, this study describes the development and testing of the Mathematics Integrated into Science: Classroom Observation Protocol (MISCOP). The MISCOP consists of 20 items separated into five constructs. The instrument was found to be internally consistent and has strong construct-to-total correlations. Factor analyses revealed five factors that, while not completely aligned with the five designed categories, did have notable correspondence. The pilot testing and analyses reveal the MISCOP to be a useful instrument for measuring the degree to which mathematics is integrated into student-centered learning of science.
A University-Community Partnership's Use of Qualitative Methods to Foster Community Engagement in Adolescent Research

Within the context of a university-community partnership dedicated to addressing youth violence prevention and intervention, community and university partners collaborated to use qualitative methods to inform research and practice in relation to adolescent development. The article outlines a multistage model ranging from initial need identification to dissemination of project findings and ongoing engagement. The model, although applied to youth violence issues in this case, has broad applicability to other child, family, and community issues. Lessons derived from the partnership’s use of qualitative methods are summarized, and suggestions for model improvement are provided.
Directors' Duties in Failing Firms

Despite many cases with seemingly contrary dicta, corporate directors of failing firms do not have special duties to creditors. This follows from the nature of fiduciary duties and of the business judgment rule. Under the business judgment rule, the directors have broad discretion to decide what to do and in whose interests to act. There is some authority for a limited creditor right to sue on behalf of the corporation to enforce this duty. However, any such right does not make the duty one owed to creditors. The creditors individually may sue the corporation for breach of specific contractual, tort and statutory duties, particularly on account of fraudulent conveyances. But the creditors are not owed general fiduciary protection even if they are subject to a special risk of abuse in failing firms.
Feeding the World a Line?: Celebrity Activism and Ethical Consumer Practices From Live Aid to Product Red

This article examines the nature and efficacy of three major celebrity-inspired, ethical consumer charity campaigns: the 1984-5 famine relief movement, Live 8 and ―Make Poverty History,‖ and Product Red. Through an analysis of some of the most significant texts, spaces, and figures of each campaign, I establish how organizers capitalized on the ―one-world‖ notion to effectively draw audiences to consume both charity concerts and merchandise; and I identify the economic and psychological beneficiaries of each campaign and their subsequent celebrity driven, ethical consumer spin offs. My analyses allow for a theorization of the ways in which both Africa and charity function within the Western cultural imagination. You can be absolutely sure, on the day you die, somebody is alive in Africa because one day you bought a record or a book or watched a pop concert. And that, at once, is a compliment and a triumph, and on the other hand, it is the ultimate indictment of us all. (Bob Geldof) In the early 1980s, less than ten years after drought had devastated regions throughout the Horn of Africa, millions were once again faced with the prospect of starvation. 1 By the summer of 1983, as a result of civil war, government mismanagement of resources, changes in US and UK foreign aid policy, and environmental degradation, food and water had become scarce commodities in both Ethiopia and The Sudan. 2 1 The Ethiopian famine of 1983-86 was the worst in recorded history according to the findings published in Stanley Siegel, Harvey Gutman, Tania Romashko and Louis Connick‘sThe U.S. Response to the African Famine, 1984-1986: An Analysis of Policy Formation and Program Management (1986: 1). 2 For more information on the complex causes of famine see Freedom House, Ethiopia: The Politics of Famine (1990: 45). For detailed discussions regarding
Singled Out: A Proposal To Extend Asylum to the Unmarried Partners of Chinese Nationals Fleeing the One-Child Policy

The men with the poison-filled syringe arrived two days before Li Juan’s due date. They pinned her down on a bed in a local clinic, she says, and drove the needle into her abdomen until it entered the 9-monthold fetus. “At first, I could feel my child kicking a lot,” says the 23-yearold. “Then, after a while, I couldn’t feel her moving anymore.” Ten hours later, Li delivered the girl she had intended to name Shuang (Bright). The baby was dead. To be absolutely sure, says Li, the officials—from the Linyi region, where she lives, in China’s eastern Shandong province—dunked the infant’s body for several minutes in a bucket of water beside the bed.1
Pulsed Operation of Microchip Lasers

Using a novel Q-Switching technique, we have produced 6-ns output pulses from a single-mode Nd:YAG microchip laser pumped with 120 mW of CW optical power. Rate-equation analysis indicates that with a pump power of 500 mW, Q-switched Nd:YAG microchip lasers having subnanosecond pulses and peak powers of several kilowatts are feasible. A small modification to the Q-switched microchip laser results in a polarization-switchable device. With such a device, we have switched the polarization of a microchip laser in under 5 μs, and theoretical modeling indicates that switching rates of several megahertz are possible.
BRCA1/2 Testing: Complex Themes in Result Interpretation

Since the cloning of BRCA1 and BRCA2, genetic testing for breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility has become more widespread. However, interpretation of test results is not always straightforward. To illustrate this point, five vignettes adapted from actual cases are presented. As these cases demonstrate, in many high-risk families, a deleterious mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2 is not identified in an affected proband. There are several potential explanations for such a finding, namely that an undetected mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2 may exist, or there could be a mutation in a rare or undiscovered gene. In addition, the possibility that women with breast cancer represent sporadic cases within hereditary cancer families must also be considered. Finally, the occurrence of BRCA1/2 variants of uncertain significance, often missense mutations, further complicates the risk assessment. In some of these instances, extending testing to relatives can be helpful to clarify results. When hereditary breast cancer cannot be ruled out, individuals may still be at increased risk for cancer and therefore need to obtain appropriate surveillance. The process of genetic counseling is critical both before and after testing to ensure that patients understand the potential medical and psychosocial implications of testing and are aware of available options and resources. A multidisciplinary approach to service delivery, which includes clinicians in genetics and oncology, can facilitate patients' decision making and provide continued access to information and support.
Measured 2×2 MIMO UHF channels in an urban environment

Channel measurements of 2×2 MIMO channels at 300 MHz in an urban environment are made with the purpose of comparing the usable degrees of freedom in the channel to simulation and to assess suitability of MIMO in outdoor UHF channels. It was found that the average measured condition number over the receiver path was 16.7 dB while the mean condition number for a 2×2 uncorrelated Rayleigh fading environment is 12.8 dB. The higher condition number is equivalent to about a 2 dB loss in mean SNR for MIMO performance in the ideal uncorrelated Rayleigh fading 2×2 channel.
Glucose Catabolism in Cancer Cells: Amplification of the Gene Encoding Type II Hexokinase

Hexokinase type II is highly overexpressed in many cancer cells, where it plays a pivotal role in the high glycolytic phenotype. Here we demonstrate by Southern blot analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) that in the rapidly growing rat AS-30D hepatoma cell line, enhanced hexokinase activity is associated with at least a 5-fold amplification of the type II gene relative to normal hepatocytes. This amplification is located chromosomally, extends to the whole gene, and most likely occurs at the site of the resident gene. No rearrangement of the gene could be detected. Therefore, overexpression of hexokinase type II in AS-30D hepatoma cells may be based, at least in part, on a stable gene amplification. This is the first report describing the amplification of a hexokinase gene in a tumor cell line expressing the high glycolytic phenotype.
Toward a neural network theory of emotional influences on creativity

Previous models of creativity are based on linking a subsystem that generates ideas from combining existing concepts with a critic that decides whether these ideas are sufficiently useful and novel. A variety of conditions can lead the critic to be either more severe or more lenient than otherwise. The conditions that make the critic more severe include evaluation apprehension, which frequently occurs in group brainstorming situations, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. The conditions that make the critic more lenient include induction of emotions that engender a feeling of certainty or confidence. A network theory for such emotional influences on idea generation is proposed based on extending earlier models to add influences of both the amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex on behavioral gating in the basal ganglia.
Competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs): new entrants to the intricacies of gene regulation

The discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) has led to a paradigm shift in our basic understanding of gene regulation. Competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) are the recent entrants adding to the complexities of miRNA mediated gene regulation. ceRNAs are RNAs that share miRNA recognition elements (MREs) thereby regulating each other. It is apparent that miRNAs act as rheostats that fine-tune gene expression and maintain the functional balance of various gene networks. Thus MREs in coding and non-coding transcripts have evolved to become the crosstalk hubs of gene interactions, affecting the expression levels and activities of different ceRNAs. Decoding the crosstalk between MREs mediated by ceRNAs is critical to delineate the intricacies in gene regulation, and we have just begun to unravel this complexity.