cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the Virulence Phenotypes of Heterodera glycines in Minnesota

Knowledge of the virulence phenotypes of soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines populations is important in choosing appropriate sources for breeding resistant cultivars and managing the nematode. We investigated races of 59 H. glycines populations collected from 1997 to 1998 and races and HG Types of 94 populations collected in 2002 from soybean fields across southern and central Minnesota. In the 1997 to 1998 samples, race 3 was predominant and represented 78% of the populations. The remaining populations were 11.9% race 1, 1.7% race 4, 6.8% race 6, and 1.7% race 14. In the 2002 samples, the populations were classified as 15.3% race 1, 77.6% race 3, 2.4% race 5, 3.5% race 6 and 1.2% race 9. Percentage of 1997 to 1998 populations with female indices (FI) higher than 10 were 10.2% on Pickett 71, 3.4% on Peking, 13.6% on PI 88788, 3.4% on PI 90763, 1.7% on PI 209332, and 1.7% on PI 437654. Percentage of 2002 populations with FI >10 was 1.1% on Peking, 17.0% on PI88788, 14.9% on PI 209332, 33.0% on PI 548316, 11.7% on Pickett 71, and 0% on the other three indicators, PI 90763, PI 437654, and PI 89772. The line PI 548316 was relatively susceptible to the Minnesota H. glycines populations and may not be recommended for breeding resistant cultivars in the state. There was no noticeable change of frequencies of virulence phenotypes in response to the use of resistant cultivars during 1997 to 2002 in Minnesota except that FI increased on the PI 209332.
Stories of Life Transition: Subjective Well-Being and Ego Development in Parents of Children with Down Syndrome ☆

Abstract Eighty-seven parents of children with Down Syndrome (DS; 63 women, 24 men) wrote narratives about finding out that their child had DS and completed questionnaire measures of subjective well-being (SWB) and stress-related growth and completed the Sentence Completion Test as a measure of ego development. Forty-two of these individuals participated in a follow-up 2 years later. Foreshadowing and happy endings in the stories were related to heightened SWB at both time periods. Evidence of accommodative change—actively experiencing a paradigmatic shift—was related to stress-related growth and ego development at both time periods. A high sense of closure and accommodation in the stories was associated with the highest levels of stress-related growth. Implications for research on well-being and personal growth are discussed.
Thrombin and histamine activate phospholipase C in human endothelial cells via a phorbol ester-sensitive pathway.

The effects of phorbol esters and synthetic diglycerides on thrombin- and histamine-stimulated increases in inositol trisphosphate (IP3) and cytosolic free calcium ([Ca2+]i) were studied in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HEC). Thrombin (0.003–3.0 U/ml) and histamine (10−7–10−4 M) induced rapid increases in [Ca2+]i in suspended cells as monitored with the fluorescent calcium indicator fura-2. In [3H]myoinositol-labeled cells, both thrombin (3 U/ml)- and histamine (10−4 M)-induced IP3 increases (195% ± 6% and 98% ± 4%, respectively) occurred in less than 15 sec and were temporally correlated with [Ca2+]i increases. Brief incubations (5–60 min) with different protein kinase C activators [4-β-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (1–100 nM), mezerein (100 nM), and sn-1,2 dioctanoylglycerol (0.1–10 μM)] attenuated agonist-induced increases in [Ca2+]i. These compounds also inhibited thrombin- and histaminestimulated IP3 formation, thus suggesting a tight coupling between phospholipase C activation and calcium flux in cultured HEC. Overall, these observations suggest that the pathway linking receptors to phospholipase C stimulation in human endothelial cells is sensitive to protein kinase C activation.
An Authentic Saying of Jesus in the Gospel of Thomas

The Gospel of Thomas provides an important component in many recent portraits of Jesus as a non-eschatological sage. Various material is cited from Thomas, yet careful analysis of individual sayings and redactional layers is rare. This is particularly true of sayings without Synoptic attestation. Is it possible that Thomas contains authentic sayings not found in the NT? What methodological steps would be necessary to isolate such material? How would such sayings affect portraits of the historical Jesus? These issues are explored though analysis of Saying 82 of the Gospel of Thomas.
Assessment of Soil Erodibility Indices for Conservation Reserve Program Lands in Southwestern Kansas Using Satellite Imagery and GIS Techniques

The soil erodibility index (EI) of Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) lands, which was the major criterion for CRP enrollment, was assessed for six counties in southwestern Kansas using USGS seamless digital elevation model data and Geographical Informational System techniques. The proportion of land areas with EI values of 8 or lower was less than 1% of the entire study area and most of the land areas (72.5%) were concentrated on EI values between 8 and 24. Although land acreage with EI values of 24 or higher decreased dramatically, the proportion of CRP lands to the other land-use types did not change much from low to high EI levels. The soil EI and physical soil characteristics of the CRP lands were compared to those of other land-use types. In general, the mean EI values of the land-use types were strongly correlated with physical soil properties, including organic matter content, clay content, available water capacity, permeability, and texture. CRP lands were compared in detail with cropland in terms of their soil characteristics to infer the pivotal cause of the land transformation. Although there was no significant statistical difference in EI between cropland and CRP soils, soil texture, soil family, and permeability were statistically different between the two. Statistical analyses of these three variables showed that CRP soils had coarser texture and higher permeability on average than cropland soils, indicating that CRP lands in the study area are drier than cropland soils. Therefore, soil moisture characteristics, not necessarily soil erosion potential, might have been the key factor for CRP enrollment in the study area.
A Highly-Stable Nanometer Memory for Low-Power Design

A nine transistor (9T) cell at a 32nm feature size in CMOS is proposed to accomplish improvements in stability as well as power dissipation compared with previous designs for low-power memory operation. Initially, this paper shows that the proposed 9T SRAM cell can be used for robust, high-density design. Then, an optimum sizing is found for this 9T cell by considering stability, energy consumption, and performance. A write bitline balancing scheme is proposed to further reduce the power consumption of the SRAM cell. The impact of process variations is investigated in detail, and the power reduction of the 9T SRAM cell is verified under parameter variations.
The basic emotional circuits of mammalian brains: do animals have affective lives?

The primal affects are intrinsic brain value systems that unconditionally and automatically inform animals how they are faring in survival. They serve an essential function in emotional learning. The positive affects index “comfort zones” that support survival, while negative affects inform animals of circumstances that may impair survival. Affective feelings come in several varieties, including sensory, homeostatic, and emotional (which I focus on here). Primary-process emotional feelings arise from ancient caudal and medial subcortical regions, and were among the first subjective experiences to exist on the face of the earth. Without them, higher forms of conscious “awareness” may not have emerged in primate brain evolution. Because of homologous “instinctual” neural infrastructures, we can utilize animal brain research to reveal the nature of primary-process human affects. Since all vertebrates appear to have some capacity for primal affective feelings, the implications for animal-welfare and how we ethically treat other animals are vast.
Thyroid Hormone Receptor Mutations in Cancer and Resistance to Thyroid Hormone: Perspective and Prognosis

Thyroid hormone, operating through its receptors, plays crucial roles in the control of normal human physiology and development; deviations from the norm can give rise to disease. Clinical endocrinologists often must confront and correct the consequences of inappropriately high or low thyroid hormone synthesis. Although more rare, disruptions in thyroid hormone endocrinology due to aberrations in the receptor also have severe medical consequences. This review will focus on the afflictions that are caused by, or are closely associated with, mutated thyroid hormone receptors. These include Resistance to Thyroid Hormone Syndrome, erythroleukemia, hepatocellular carcinoma, renal clear cell carcinoma, and thyroid cancer. We will describe current views on the molecular bases of these diseases, and what distinguishes the neoplastic from the non-neoplastic. We will also touch on studies that implicate alterations in receptor expression, and thyroid hormone levels, in certain oncogenic processes.
SIDA: Self-organized ID Assignment in Wireless Sensor Networks

Having an ID being unique within the application domain for each sensor node is the basic assumption in many WSN applications. In traditional assignments, fixed-length ID schemes, which are severely limited by scalability, flexibility and energy efficiency, are adopted. To solve these problems, we propose a novel variable-length ID scheme that allows different nodes to have different ID lengths. To realize this idea, we propose a fully localized ID assignment algorithm called emphself-organized ID assignment (SIDA). SIDA presents great potential on scalability, flexibility and energy efficiency by enabling online ID assignment and various optimizations according to different communication paradigms. Analytical and simulation results show that SIDA has a comparable static ID length while the accumulated communication overhead for multi-hop transmissions can be saved by 20%; the control overhead of the new deployment assignment can be reduced to about 30% compared with fixed-length schemes.
The development of self‐efficacy during aviation training

Given that self-efficacy has been shown to be positively related to training outcomes, a better understanding of factors that affect self-efficacy in complex training contexts is needed. This study examined the development of self-efficacy in a flight-training programme. Results indicate that training performance and self-esteem predicted self-efficacy for post-training flight performance. Furthermore, prior flight experience moderated the relationships between training performance and self-efficacy, and between self-esteem and self-efficacy. Implications regarding the development of self-efficacy and the design of training programmes are discussed. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Knowledge-base/database consistency in a federated multidatabase environment

The paper describes a new approach to maintaining consistency between objects which reside in dynamic, shared databases and copies of those objects which are cached in application knowledge-bases. The approach relies on an intelligent interface to active databases, a mediator for approximate consistency (MAC). The MAC permits applications to specify their consistency requirements declaratively, using a simple extension of a frame-based representation language. It then automatically generates the interfaces and database objects necessary to enforce those consistency requirements, shielding the knowledge-base developer from the implementation details of consistency maintenance. While the authors focus on knowledge-base/database consistency issues, the approach is applicable to any component of a multidatabase federation which needs to cache dynamic data and to enforce some degree of consistency between itself and other components in the federation. >
Past the Myth: Confronting Real Issues about Southern Industrialization

The Southern Industrialization Project (SIP), an organization of over 100 aca demic and public historians devoted to the study of southern industrialization, held its fifth annual meeting at Kennesaw State University in suburban Atlanta on March 23-24, 2001. In keeping with the theme of getting "past the myth" in considering southern industrialization, many of the papers presented at the meeting dealt with industry in the supposedly nonindustrialized antebellum South. The roles of labor and technology in the industrialization of both the Old and New South received particular attention. The meeting included three ses sions and a keynote address. The first session examined the role of slavery in Virginia's antebellum coal industry and the impact of the American system and bureaucratic control in the Confederate ordnance industry. In "Nature's Blessing, Slavery's Curse: The Frustrating Story of Virginia's Richmond Coal Basin," Sean P. Adams (Univer sity of Central Florida) explained why the Richmond coal mining industry, which dated back to 1767, failed to live up to the promise predicted by luminaries such as Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton. Adams placed much of the blame on colliers' use of slaves in the mines. The use of slave labor?which was often rented?was expensive, and the costs limited possibilities for the expan sion of the mines or investment in technological improvements. East Virginia coal production peaked in the 1830s but dwindled to insignificance by 1860, largely because of its reliance on slave labor. Moving slightly ahead in time, Steven G. Collins (St. Louis Community College, Meramec) delivered a paper entitled "The Confederate Ordnance De partment and Southern Industrialization." This paper examined the influence of the American system of interchangeable parts and the system of bureaucratic control developed in the railroad industry upon the Confederate Ordnance De partment. The Confederate Ordnance Department tried to adopt the American system and bureaucratic control and succeeded to a greater extent than most other Confederate enterprises. These efforts improved the efficiency and qual ity of production at many Confederate arsenals, despite the emergence of ob stacles as the war dragged on, such as shortages of necessary materials. Collins concluded that the Confederate Ordnance Department achieved significant re sults in implementing bureaucratic control and developing technological im provements in manufacturing. Moreover, the department's achievements led to greater emphasis on the need for scientific education in the postbellum South. The second session examined technology and industry in two southern
Machine Vision Applied to Vehicle Guidance

Research on the semiautonomous operation of mobile robots in typical pathways is described. The image of the pathway will consist of two nearly vertical lines bounding a region with little texture (the pathway) after correction for perspective. In order to identify pathway boundaries, regions in the image space are examined using an edge detection algorithm, edges between regions are determined by the algorithm, and those corresponding to straight or nearly straight lines with large slope (path boundaries) are identified by means of the Hough transform. Once the path boundaries are identified, the horizontal distance from camera to road edge is determined. Next, a method to detect cubics in the roadway (i.e., obstacles) is presented. The region of interest in the roadway (from the camera to some predetermined distance in front of it) is known from the path boundary algorithm. The interior of this region is examined for edges. If edges are detected, it means that obstacles or shadows are present. A method to separate obstacles from shadows using stere vision is then presented.
A novel selective relaying protocol for wireless networks

For a three-node cooperative network model we propose a novel relaying strategy, referred to as selective Decode-and-Forward/Ampliy-and-Forward (selective DF/AF), and analyze its symbol error rate (SER) performance. In the proposed scheme, the relay always cooperate: when it is able to decode correctly the transmitted information symbols it forwards the decoded information to the destination, when it fails to correctly decode the information symbols, rather than staying idle, it amplifies and forwards the received signal from the source to the destination. The performance of selective DF/AF scheme is compared against that of selective DF/idle scheme, in which the relay is idle when it is unable to decode the source message reliably. The selective DF/idle scheme has been investigated in [1, 2], however, it remains unclear whether it is the optimal selective relaying protocol. Using high SNR approximation of SER as the performance metric, we show that both schemes harvest full diversity, when the destination employs maximum ratio combining (MRC) to combine signals received from the source and the relay, while the proposed scheme provides higher cooperative gain.
Studies of the Metabolizable Energy of Cottonseed Meals for Chicks, with Particular Reference to the Effects of Gossypol

Abstract THE nutritive value of cottonseed meal for chickens and other non-ruminant species is influenced by at least four factors. The toxicity of gossypol has been long recognized; the minimum dietary level of gossypol which is detrimental to growth and development has been reported to be as low as .016 percent (Heywang and Bird, 1955) and as high as .08 percent (Couch, Chang and Lyman, 1955) and has been shown to vary with the level of dietary protein (Narain et al., 1960). The relative lysine deficiency of cottonseed protein is also well established, and this may be further aggravated by reaction of lysine with gossypol and other constituents of the seed during processing (Kuiken, 1952). A third factor is the extent of heat damage to the protein during processing, as suggested by the general correlation of nutritive value with protein solubility (Lyman et al., 1953). The development by genetic selection of…
DNA profiling analysis of endometrial and ovarian cell lines reveals misidentification, redundancy and contamination.

Objectives Cell lines derived from human ovarian and endometrial cancers, and their immortalized non-malignant counterparts, are critical tools to investigate and characterize molecular mechanisms underlying gynecologic tumorigenesis, and facilitate development of novel therapeutics. To determine the extent of misidentification, contamination and redundancy, with evident consequences for the validity of research based upon these models, we undertook a systematic analysis and cataloging of endometrial and ovarian cell lines.
The Brazilian Anti-Dam Movement: Knowledge Contestation as Communicative Action

The environmental movement has often contested and reshaped scientific knowledge to achieve its goals. However, theorists have yet to account for this social movement tactic. This research uses a case study of the anti-dam movement in Brazil, with particular reference to three instances of anti-dam activism across the country, to delineate how scientization of the state motivates environmental movements to contest science. It uses Jurgen Habermas's theory of communicative action to explicate how instrumental and communicative claims are deliberated on in collaborations between activists and researchers, resulting in new scientific conceptualizations. These results are then translated to the public through innovative movement frames. This research helps situate communicative action as a social movement strategy important in a global knowledge society.
The Economics of VoIP Systems

So far, this book has been devoted to developing an understanding of the consumption of bandwidth resources related to VoIP systems. As important as this resource is, numerous other factors determine the price that the VoIP user would pay. This chapter reviews those factors and shows how they influence pricing. The first few sections of the chapter discuss the characteristics of information and the economics of information networks in general. The chapter then presents a model of the legacy network and identifies how the network is continuing to evolve to accommodate needs of VoIP service offerings. A path leading toward a potential integration of the legacy network and the Internet is indicated as well.
Predicting 2D Airfoil and 3D Wind Turbine Rotor Performance using a Transition Model for General CFD Codes

*† ‡ A new correlation-based transition model has been developed, which is built strictly on local variables. As a result, the transition model is compatible with modern CFD techniques such as unstructured grids and massively parallel execution. The model is based on two transport equations, one for intermittency and one for a transition onset criterion in terms of momentum thickness Reynolds number. The proposed transport equations do not attempt to model the physics of the transition process (unlike e.g. turbulence models), but form a framework for the implementation of transition correlations into general-purpose CFD methods. The transition model was initially developed for turbomachinery and aeronautical flows. The main goal of the present paper is to validate the model for predicting transition on wind turbines. In this paper, fully turbulent and transitional computations of the 2D S809 airfoil along with a full 3D wind turbine rotor (that uses the S809 airfoil) have been accomplished. The transitional results are in good agreement with the experimental data and the transition model would appear to be well suited for the prediction of wind turbine aerodynamics.
Massive Cystic Ureteral Diverticula in Infancy

AbstractWe report 2 cases of massive abdominal distension due to a mid ureteral diverticulum. In a 1-year-old boy the mid ureteral diverticulum was associated with an atrophied chronically scarred kidney. In a female newborn the diverticulum was associated with an upper pole ureter of a completely duplicated system. To our knowledge this type of ureteral diverticulum has not been reported previously.
The State’s Distributive Policies Under Indebted Development

The previous two chapters set the stage for the current discussion of the distribution of resources among domestic interests in Kenya, Zimbabwe, and Brazil. Chapters Three and Four specified the two aspects of indebted development within which the state operates. In considering the selection and implementation of adjustment strategies in the Third World, it is critical to analyze the role of the state as the main intermediary between societal interests and external creditors. The state is at the locus of interaction with the former in assessing and distributing the costs of adjustment and with the latter in identifying a debt management strategy as a means to protect state interests. With this place and role of the state in mind, an adjustment strategy becomes a series of policies and choices made by the state as it responds to the cross-cutting pressures and demands from both levels. The adjustment process is a political process in that the state simultaneously pursues policies that will benefit some groups and hurt others. Both domestic and external groups use their relative power capabilities to incorporate their interests into the adjustment strategy and to affect the implementation of relevant portions of the strategy. Ultimately, economic adjustment implies the allocation of scarce resources to certain beneficiaries and of distributing the economic costs of adjustment to other actors.
Volcanoes and Cities

As the role of cities in the global economy continues to grow in the 21st Century, a natural disaster such as a volcanic eruption near a large city can have serious regional or global effects. We must focus the geophysical, atmospheric, hydrologic, and geological sciences on interdisciplinary approaches to solving the urban problems of vulnerability and sustainability. Globally, there are 59 large cities near potentially active volcanoes, including 2 megacities; a combined population at risk is over 50 million.
Emerging links among Chromosome Instability (CIN), cancer, and aging

Aneuploidy was predicted to cause cancer. To test the prediction, various Chromosome Instability (CIN) mice models that carry transgenic mutations in mitotic regulators have been created. The availability of these mice has aided researchers in discovering connections between CIN, cancer, and aging. This review will focus on recent interdisciplinary findings regarding how CIN and aneuploidy affect carcinogenesis, immune dysfunction, and aging. High CIN can be generated in vivo by various intrinsic alterations (e.g., gene mutation, epigenetic modification) and extrinsic/environmental challenges (e.g., biological, chemical, biophysical), while immune surveillance, cell death, and natural turnover can remove cells with CIN. CIN itself is mutagenic and may cause further cellular mutations, which can be carcinogenic. Mitotically damaged cells can activate senescence-related tumor suppressors (e.g., p21WAF1 , p27KIP1 , p16INK4A ), which may lead to tissue-level senescence/aging through inflammatory paracrine mechanisms called Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) and Senescence Inflammatory Response (SIR). Organs with high CIN show altered gene expressions in both organ-specific and non-specific manners. Organ-specific gene expression signatures include activation of oncogenic pathways. Non-organ-specific gene expression signatures include metabolic changes and downregulations in immune functions. Immune surveillance normally targets senescent cells and tetraploid cells, a form of aneuploidy, for elimination. However, with partial immune dysfunction, immune surveillance is weakened with systemic CIN. In this case, more senescent cells and aneuploid cells survive, which further leads to an inflammatory, pro-tumorigenic, and senescent/aging microenvironment. We also discuss how we may intervene in this sequence of events to prevent CIN- or age-related carcinogenesis and/or some aspects of tissue aging. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Titin-Thin Filament Interaction and Potential Role in Muscle Function

Titin (connectin) is a giant polypeptide that forms a single-molecule filamental structure extending from the M-line to the Z-line in the sarcomere of striated muscle. The primary structure of titin consists mainly of repeats of two types of approximately 100-amino acid modules (fibronectin type III and immunoglobulin-like motifs, respectively) and a Pro rich segment named the PEVK domain. The I-band region of titin shows an elasticity important to the passive properties of the myofibril. To investigate the biological function of titin, we cloned cDNA segments encoding single or linked structural modules of titin into expression vectors to produce non-fusion titin fragments in E. coli. High level expression of titin fragments was achieved and effective purification procedures were developed. We also developed specific monoclonal antibodies against the titin fragments and solid-phase protein-binding assays to investigate the interaction of the titin structural modules and other sarcomeric proteins. The results show that the immunoglobin-like module that are enriched in the I-band titin binds to F-actin. In contrast to the rigid association of A-band titin with the thick filament, the relatively weak titin-actin binding suggests that the I-band titin may reversibly interact with the thin filament during muscle contraction. This hypothesis is supported by an epitope similarity between the actin-binding site of caldesmon and the immunoglobulin-like module of titin, which suggests analogous functions of caldesmon and titin in organizing the contractile proteins. Together with data from mechanical studies demonstrating that the titin-actin interaction may contribute to the passive property of cardiac muscle in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner, we speculate that the Ca(2+)-mediated thin filament regulation may coordinate the function of titin during muscle contraction and relaxation.
Doxfare: Politically Motivated Leaks and the Future of the Norm on Non-Intervention in the Era of Weaponized Information

Alleged Russian digital interference during the 2016 U.S. presidential election presented international law with the challenge of characterizing the phenomenon of politically motivated leaks by foreign actors, carried out in cyberspace. Traditionally, international law’s norm of nonintervention applies only to acts that are coercive in nature, leaving disruptive acts outside the scope of prohibited intervention. This notion raises a host of questions on the relevancy and limited flexibility of traditional international law in relation to new threats and challenges emanating from the use of cyberspace capabilities. The discourse on transnational cyberspace operations highlights how it has become increasingly difficult to deal with nuanced activities that cause unprecedented harms, such as the Democratic National Committee hack, as well as disinformation campaigns on social media, online propaganda, and leaking of sensitive information. This article argues that foreign actors meddling with a legitimate political process in another State through cyberspace ought to be in violation of the norm of non-intervention. Although seemingly the constitutive coercion element is absent, international law should adapt to the digital era’s threats, and consider non-coercive interferences that constitute “doxfare” – the public release of sensitive documents – with the intent of disrupting legitimate domestic processes, as violations of the norm. As this paper contends, cyberspace operations are distinct in their effects from their physical counterparts, and a traditional standard of coercion for the norm on non-intervention is outdated and requires the introduction of a more nuanced approach, that takes into account interventions that are non-coercive in nature.
Assessment of glacial-earthquake source parameters

Glacial earthquakes are slow earthquakes of magnitude M~5 associated with major calving events at near-grounded marine-terminating glaciers. These globally detectable earthquakes provide information on the grounding state of outlet glaciers and the timing of large calving events. Seismic source modeling of glacial earthquakes provides information on the size and orientation of forces associated with calving events. We compare force orientations estimated using a centroid-single-force technique with the calving-front orientations of the source glaciers at or near the time of earthquake occurrence. We consider earthquakes recorded at four glaciers in Greenland – Kangerdlugssuaq Glacier, Helheim Glacier, Kong Oscar Glacier, and Jakobshavn Isbrae – between 1999 and 2010. We find that the estimated earthquake force orientations accurately represent the orientation of the calving front at the time of the earthquake, and that seismogenic calving events are produced by a preferred section of the calving front, which may change with time. We also find that estimated earthquake locations vary in a manner consistent with changes in calving-front position, though with large scatter. We conclude that changes in glacial-earthquake source parameters reflect true changes in the geometry of the source glaciers, providing a means for identifying changes in glacier geometry and dynamics that complements traditional remote-sensing techniques.
A call for implementing preferred practices for brain injury screening in youth to improve transition.

Background It is vital to engage in systematic screening to identify and serve children who may have sustained an acquired brain injury (ABI) - either traumatic or non-traumatic, so they can be successfully transitioned between environments and life stages. This is particularly important for children and adolescents given the impact an ABI can have on learning and social functioning over the course of the neurodevelopmental process. A pattern of repeated, undiagnosed mild brain injuries may lead to mood or behavior disorders, learning problems. Despite increasing awareness of brain injury as a public health issue, there has not been implementation of systematic screening practices in schools or other public health settings similar to other conditions (e.g., vision disorders, Autism Spectrum Disorders). Objectives What is needed to address this lack of systematic screening for ABI is a rationale for systematic screening for ABI in children and adolescents, including examining successful models of screening for other disorders and conditions. Methods A review was conducted of available ABI screening methods, including a description of the available screening tools for pediatric ABI, along with supporting research findings. Results A comparison was made of these pediatric ABI screening tools, looking at the purpose of the tool, the populations and settings in which the tool can be used, the time and cost for administering the tool, the evidence basis in the literature supporting the tool, and the types of outcomes that can be attained from using the tool. Conclusion Recommendations are made for procedures for systematically implementing ABI screening in pediatric settings including schools, primary care providers, mental health, and juvenile justice systems to improve the access to brain injury services and affording more successful transition of adolescents into the adult roles.
The Effect of Peer Support on Colorectal Cancer Patients' Adherence to Guideline-Concordant Multidisciplinary Care.

BACKGROUND:Multidisciplinary care is critical for the successful treatment of stage III colorectal cancer, yet receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy remains unacceptably low. Peer support, or exposure to others treated for colorectal cancer, has been proposed as a means to improve patient acceptance of c
Vitamin A and carotenoids. The enzymic conversion of β-carotene into retinal in hog intestinal mucosa

The conversion of β-carotene into retinal was studied in vitro with enzyme preparations from homogenates of hog intestinal mucosa. The hog mucosal enzyme was purified about 27-fold by precipitation with ammonium sulphate, chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex and gel filtration on Sephadex G-200. The reaction displayed a narrow optimum pH range (approx. 7·8–8·2). The enzyme was stimulated strongly by the addition of thiols, and was inhibited by thiol inhibitors and by the chelating agents αα′-bipyridyl and o-phenanthroline. The reaction required the addition of an appropriate detergent (or bile salt); maximal activity was obtained by addition of an appropriate combination of detergents and lipid (specifically Tween 40, sodium glycocholate and sphingomyelin). The reaction displayed Michaelis kinetics with Km1·3×10−6m and Vmax.1·1nmole of retinal formed/hr. (for 0·7mg. of enzyme protein). The properties of the hog enzyme are similar to those previously reported for a less purified rat enzyme preparation.
Laser-Based Full Cut Dicing Evaluations for Thin Si Wafers

Over the last years, singulation of thin semiconductor wafers with (ultra) low-K top layer has become a challenge in the production process of integrated circuits. The traditional blade dicing process is encountering serious yield issues. These issues can be addressed by applying a laser grooving process prior to the blade dicing, which is the process of reference nowadays. However, as wafers are becoming thinner, this process flow is not providing the yield and cost required. This paper will discuss the results of a study done on several multi beam laser ablation technologies on thin Si wafers and describe the pro's and con's for each of them.
I'm nice, therefore I go green: An investigation of pro-environmentalism in communal narcissists

Abstract This work investigates the role that communal narcissism plays in consumers' pro-environmental decisions. Five studies suggest that while communal narcissists claim that they are pro-environmental, their behaviors do not support such claims. The findings indicate that communal narcissists may see pro-environmental actions as communal means that could potentially serve their agentic, self-directed motives. However, when pro-environmental actions are expected to pose a threat to self-interest, the ‘me first’ aspect of narcissism plays a more dominant role, resulting in lack of inclinations to engage in pro-environmental actions. This work also provides evidence for two boundary conditions (product public visibility and perceived social benefits) under which communal narcissists may behave more pro-environmentally. Theoretical and practical implications, limitations, as well as directions for future research are also discussed.
True polar wander of Ceres due to heterogeneous crustal density

Ceres is the largest body in the main asteroid belt. It was recently explored by the Dawn mission to uncover strong similarities with other icy bodies. The morphological features observed on the surface of Ceres indicate a relatively wide range of water ice concentrations, leading us to investigate the magnitude and distribution of crustal density heterogeneities, and to consider whether they could have caused a reorientation of Ceres. Here, we present three independent and corroborating lines of evidence for the true polar wander of Ceres. Thanks to the global gravity inversion approach applied to the shape and gravity data of Ceres, we find crustal density heterogeneities up to approximately ±0.3 g cm−3, with a prominent positive density anomaly aligned with the equator, in the region of Ahuna Mons. The topography shows the remnants of an equatorial ridge compatible with the position of the palaeo-equator, and indicates that Ceres reoriented by approximately 36°, with the palaeo-pole following an indirect path to the current pole of Ceres. The tectonic patterns generated by the true polar wander are in close agreement with the location and orientation of the Samhain Catenae and Uhola Catenae crustal fractures. These results highlight the complex interior structure and richness of processes taking place in Ceres-scale icy bodies. The dwarf planet Ceres may have reoriented in the past due to a heterogeneously dense crust, a scenario consistent with gravity and topographic data and the distribution of crustal fractures.
Random surface geometries with applications to image processing

A procedure is introduced for incorporating into image processing methods a priori 3-dimensional geometrical information about shapes of objects of interest. The information is built in by way of probability measures on deformations of a polyhedral “template.” In order to understand the regularity of the resulting deformations, one needs a theory about the continuum which consists of probability measures on analogous deformations of a smooth compact 2-dimensional manifold template. The theory is constructed via Gaussian measures on an enlargement of the space of triplets of exact one-forms of M, such that with probability 1 the deformations are continous (and have additional regularity). The triplets can be viewed as a “generalized differential map.”
Allergic Comorbidity in Eosinophilic Esophagitis: Mechanistic Relevance and Clinical Implications.

Allergic eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic, allergen-mediated inflammatory disease of the esophagus, and the most common cause of prolonged dysphagia in children and young adults in the developed world. While initially undistinguished from gastroesophageal reflux disease-associated esophageal eosinophilia, EoE is now recognized as a clinically distinct entity that shares fundamental inflammatory features of other allergic conditions and is similarly increasing in incidence and prevalence. The clinical and epidemiologic associations between EoE and other allergic manifestations are well established. In addition to exaggerated rates of atopic dermatitis, IgE-mediated food allergy, asthma, and allergic rhinitis in EoE patients, each of these allergic manifestations imparts individual and cumulative risk for subsequent EoE diagnosis. As such, EoE may be a member of the “allergic march”—the natural history of allergic manifestations during childhood. Several determinants likely contribute to the relationship between these conditions, including shared genetic, environmental, and immunologic factors. Herein, we present a comprehensive review of allergic comorbidity in EoE. We discuss areas of the genome associated with both EoE and other allergic diseases, including the well-studied variants encoding thymic stromal lymphopoietin and calpain 14, among other “atopic” regions. We summarize ways that environmental factors (such as microbiome-altering pressures and aeroallergen exposure) may predispose to multiple allergic conditions including EoE. Finally, we touch on some fundamental features of type 2 inflammation, and the resulting implications for the development of multiple allergic manifestations. We conclude with an analysis of the “type 2” biologics, and how mechanistic similarities between EoE and the other allergic manifestations have important implications for screening and treatment of the allergic patient.
Physical Layer Authentication via Fingerprint Embedding: Min-Entropy Analysis : Invited Presentation

One of the difficulties of implementing and analyzing algorithms that achieve information theoretic limits is adapting asymptotic results to the finite block-length regime. Results on secrecy for both regimes utilize Shannon entropy and mutual information as metrics for security. In this paper, we determine that Shannon entropy does not necessarily have equal utility for wireless authentication in finite block-length regimes with a focus on the fingerprint embedding framework. Then, we apply a new security performance metric to the framework that is linked to min-entropy rather than Shannon entropy and is similar to cheating probability used in the literature. The metric is based upon an adversary’s ability to correctly guess the secret key over many observations using maximum likelihood decoding. We demonstrate the effect that system parameters such as the length of the key and the identification tag have on an adversary’s ability to attack successfully. We find that if given a large key, it is better to use it all at once, than to use some and then renew the key with the remaining bits after a certain number of transmissions.
Cryogenic Micro-Pl of Monolayer 1t/2h MoS 2 Superlattice

We investigate E-beam irradiated 1T -Phase quantum dots on 2H-MoS 2 by photoluminescence (PL)spectroscopy and mapping. Red-shifted PL spectra from quantum dots under different dose levels are greatly enhanced under 10K than 300K. © 2019 The Author(s)
International Linkage and National Class Conflict: The Migration of Korean Nurses to the United States.

(1988). International Linkage and National Class Conflict: The Migration of Korean Nurses to the United States. Amerasia Journal: Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 23-50.
Evaluation of cognitive impairment

Abstract Chapter 3 covers evaluation of cognition in older adults, the cognitive changes in normal aging, criteria for diagnosing dementia, mild cognitive impairment, and DSM-5 neurocognitive disorders for the practicing clinician.
Optical waveguide combiners for AR headsets: features and limitations

This paper is a review of the main waveguide combiner architectures that have been implemented in industry and academia to produce Augmented Reality (AR) and Optical See-Through (OST) Mixed Reality (MR) Head Mounted Displays (HMDs). We review their features and limitations and show product examples. We review also the design constrains and the main optical simulation techniques used to model and predict the overall performances of such optical waveguide combiners.
mmSense: Multi-Person Detection and Identification via mmWave Sensing

In recent years, millimeter-wave (mmWave) is becoming a significant component of the next-generation wireless communication due to its up to 7 Gbps transmission rate. In addition to the communication benefits, the unique sensing feature of mmWave attracts more attention. Nowadays, the services of human detection and identification are needed in numerous application scenarios, such as smart home and smart industry. The RF-based sensing techniques, especially WiFi-based, are widely utilized in human detection and identification. However, these work either require humans to carry devices or cannot detect and identify multiple people simultaneously. In this paper, we propose mmSense, a device-free multi-person detection and identification framework, which exploits the unique mmWave sensing features. First, we utilize the properties of directionality, impenetrability, and reflection of 60 GHz signal for objects to fingerprint the environments. Based on the generated environment fingerprints with and without human presence, mmSense can detect and localize the presence of multiple people simultaneously via the LSTM-based classification model. Moreover, we propose a novel approach to use humans' outline profile and vital signs to identify multiple people by using 60 GHz reflected signals of the human body. We conduct extensive experiments to demonstrate the low-cost and effectiveness of our approach.
Are ‘Barton’ and ‘Cloud 9’ the Same Cultivar of Cornus florida L.?

Abstract Ten flowering dogwood (Cornus florida) cultivars were evaluated for phenotypic characters including resistance to spot anthracnose and dogwood canker, susceptibility to frost damage, leaf ...
Novel acoustic measures of coarticulation reveal morphological planning in child speech

How do children plan and represent morphologically complex words throughout childhood? We employed coarticulation as a lexical planning metric in speakers of South Bolivian Quechua (SBQ), a highly agglutinating language with over 200 suffixes. 10 adult and 50 child (age 5–10) SBQ speakers completed a real word repetition task. V-C coarticulation was measured in the sequences [ap] and [am] in two contexts: within root morphemes (e.g., papa ‘potato’) or at morpheme boundaries (e.g., llama-pi ‘llama-locative’). Acoustic analysis of coarticulation using formant tracking is complicated in child speech because of children’s short vocal tracts and high f0. Following Gerosa et al. (in IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speed and Signal Processing Proceedings (2006), Vol. 1, pp. 393–396), we quantified the degree and time course of coarticulation in Mel-frequency spectral differences. Results show that adults distinguished acoustically between phones more at morpheme boundaries than within morphemes, while children did not distinguish. This conclusion is further evidence that adults decompose words and plan them online. The lack of distinction in child speech, however, suggests that children may be accessing these complex words holistically, even in this highly agglutinating language.
Chapter 6 – Virtual Networks

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the various ways to use the virtual networking features of Virtual Server 2005 R2. The two basic types of virtual network types, External resources and Internal networks enable the virtual server administrator to control how the virtual machines can access resources. The external type enables the virtual machines to connect to Internet or other resources directly. The internal virtual network type isolates the virtual machines on a virtual network that only the virtual machines can access. The virtual networks are managed from the Virtual Server Administration Web page. A virtual network is a collection of one or more virtual machines connected to exchange information or provide a service to other virtual machines or computers. Virtual Server 2005 R2 can support an unlimited number of virtual networks. By utilizing one or more physical network adapters along with the internal network and the Loopback adapter, very complex network designs can be incorporated with Virtual Server. Each virtual network also has a virtual Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server as part of the configuration. This Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server is only for the virtual machines on the same virtual server host computer.