cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Multiple Judaisms and mosaic selves: an ethnographic exploration of liberal American Jews

Debates about religion and secularism have called attention to the multiplicities of religions and secularisms that exist in modern societies. In this article, I draw on an ethnographic study of prayer, healing and identity among liberal American Jews, to demonstrate that studying Judaism as a religion obscures our understanding of multiply situated and continually evolving Jewish selves. These selves are best viewed as mosaics integrating diverse elements from Jewish religion, culture, ethnicity, history and peoplehood, as well as modern secular society. This Judaism is the product of individual agency and also embedded in communal frameworks, generated through a reflexive process of bricolage and an active engagement with multiple sources of authority, including imagined ones. It does not fit comfortably within existing analytical categories of religion and secularism, demonstrating that these categories, based on European Protestantism, are only partially appropriate to the study of modern Jewi...
Examining the feasibility of implementing behavioural economics strategies that encourage home dinner vegetable intake among low-income children.

Objective To examine the feasibility of implementing nine behavioural economics-informed strategies, or 'nudges', that aimed to encourage home dinner vegetable intake among low-income children. Design Caregivers were assigned six of nine strategies and implemented one new strategy per week (i.e. 6 weeks) during three dinner meals. Caregivers recorded child dinner vegetable intake on the nights of strategy implementation and rated the level of difficulty for assigned strategies. Baseline data on home vegetable availability and child vegetable liking were collected to assess overall strategy feasibility. Setting Participants' homes in a large Midwestern metropolitan area, USA. Subjects Low-income caregiver/child (aged 9-12 years) dyads (n 39). Results Pairwise comparisons showed that child dinner vegetable intake for the strategy 'Serve at least two vegetables with dinner meals' was greater than intake for each of two other strategies: 'Pair vegetables with other foods the child likes' and 'Eat dinner together with an adult(s) modelling vegetable consumption'. Overall, caregivers' mean rating of difficulty for implementing strategies was 2·6 (1='not difficult', 10='very difficult'). Households had a mean of ten different types of vegetables available. Children reported a rating ≥5 for seventeen types of vegetable on a labelled hedonic scale (1='hate it', 5-6='it's okay', 10='like it a lot'). Conclusions Behavioural economics-informed strategies are feasible to implement during dinner meals, with some strategies differing by how much they influence vegetable intake among low-income children in the home.
CNS Diseases Amenable to Gene Therapy

The molecular biology era has provided the methodologies to deliver therapeutic genes to cells of the central nervous system (CNS). This capability has created promise for therapeutic intervention in neurodegenerative disorders. Presently, the most widely used treatments for neurodegenerative disorders utilize pharmacological agents that are capable of alleviating symptoms, but offer little curative, or even neuroprotective properties. An ideal therapy for a neurodegenerative disorder would stabilize and/or repair diseased cells and prevent other cells from succumbing to the pathophysiological process. Using molecular genetic approaches, it may be possible to create such therapies, but a detailed understanding of both the disease mechanisms and the gene delivery system is crucial.
3DNAND GIDL-Assisted Body Biasing for Erase Enabling CMOS under Array (CUA) Architecture

The Gate-Induce-Drain-Leakage (GIDL)-assisted body biasing for erase, which is a technique essential to enabling 3DNAND Flash CMOS Under Array architectures, has been extensively studied and successfully optimized to achieve high-performance, reliable erase operation. This paper reviews the main features of GIDL-assisted body biasing and GIDL optimization methods ensuring the best erase effectiveness and variability control. Finally, the excellent reliability of the selector gate devices over Program/Erase cycles is demonstrated, proving the reliability of this technique.
Global species richness record and biostratigraphic potential of early to middle Neoproterozoic eukaryote fossils

Abstract Over the past several decades, a number of studies have addressed the record of eukaryotic species richness in the Proterozoic, each making quite clear that during the Neoproterozoic Era, in particular, tremendous changes occurred in Earth’s biota. The relative scarcity of radiometric age constraints for rocks of this interval, however, have necessitated the use of coarse time bins (∼100 Ma) and the omission of fossiliferous but poorly dated units, resulting in low resolution of eukaryotic richness trends. Here we present a new estimate of early to middle Neoproterozoic (Tonian and Cryogenian) eukaryotic richness developed by use of the CONOP seriation algorithm; this approach permits inclusion of poorly dated and un-dated units and allows for greater resolution. The CONOP ( con strained op timization) algorithm operates by evolutionary ordination—considering evidence of stratigraphic order from all locations simultaneously and starting from a random ordinal sequence that improves by mutations retained or removed according to best-fit rules. This program has been applied successfully to biochronologic and biostratigraphic problems throughout the Phanerozoic geologic record. Here we apply this objective approach to a new compilation of taxonomically well-constrained organic-walled microfossil occurrences as well as geochemical, sedimentological and geochronological data from more than 160 formations from 60 groups in paleogeographically distant successions. From this dataset was developed a high-resolution eukaryotic species richness record for the early to middle Neoproterozoic Era (∼1000 to 635 Ma). This new estimate of eukaryotic species richness indicates an increase in richness began ∼800 Ma and continued towards a peak ∼770 Ma when it declined with the losses of many long-lived acritarch taxa. The overall decline is punctuated by a sharp richness increase with a ∼738 Ma peak due to the iconic and short-lived Tonian vase-shaped microfossil taxa such as Cycliocyrillium simplex . These VSM taxa were lost ∼733 Ma and richness continued to decline until flat-lining well in advance of the ∼720 Ma onset of the Cryogenian Snowball Earth glaciations. Eukaryotic species richness did not rebound until after the termination of the second Cryogenian glaciation when a new suite of acritarch taxa appeared in the Ediacaran Period. Use of CONOP with this dataset also permitted assessment of fossil taxa that had previously been suggested as Neoproterozoic biostratigraphic index taxa. Our results provide particular support for biostratigraphic use of the acritarch Cerebrosphaera globosa (= C. buickii ) and for species of vase-shaped microfossils.
Pulmonary Non-Small Cell Carcinoma With Morphologic Features of Adenocarcinoma or "Non-Small Cell Carcinoma Favor Adenocarcinoma" in Cytologic Specimens Share Similar Clinical and Molecular Genetic Characteristics.

Objectives Define if the presence of morphologic features of adenocarcinoma (ACA) in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) on cytology specimens correlates with clinical and biologic features. Methods A total of 209 cases of NSCLC diagnosed on fine-needle aspiration in a 3-year period were included. Results After morphologic review, the cases were classified as ACA (n = 115), NSCLC favor ACA (n = 43), and NSCLC-not otherwise specified (NOS) (n = 18). Squamous cell (SCC) (n = 14) and NSCLC favor SCC (n = 19) were excluded from further analysis. Patients with EGFR-mutated tumors had longer overall survival than those with EGFR wild-type tumors (P = .01). When comparing cases with morphologic features of ACA, NSCLC favor ACA, and NSCLC-NOS, there were no differences in the presence or absence of tested mutations, clinical stage, or survival. Conclusion Patients diagnosed with pulmonary ACA, NSCLC favor ACA, or NSCLC-NOS in cytology specimens have similar clinical stage, survival, and molecular alterations.
Evaluating small‐scale simulation for training firearm safety skills

There is limited research using small-scale simulation in applied behavior analysis. We used small-scale simulation to train firearm safety skills to 3- to 5-year-old children and assessed whether the skills generalized to the natural environment through in situ assessment. Three participants completed the training, and all participants learned the safety skills from simulation training. Two of the participants acquired the safety skills after the first simulation training, and the third participant required one booster training before demonstrating the safety skills in the natural environment.
Price Responsiveness and Stock - Flow Distinctions in Commodities

To establish stock-versus-flow orientations of a commodity, the mediating role of inventories in price formation is considered. This framework is tested by examining responses of COMEX gold, silver, and copper to macroeconomic news releases. Standard responsiveness-tests, which ignore the role of inventories, show gold and silver (our ex-ante stock-oriented commodities), exhibiting weak stock-orientation, while copper exhibits a flow-orientation. However, when the role of inventories is considered, the stock-orientation of gold and silver becomes readily apparent. Additionally, copper exhibits sporadic stock-orientation. Our findings which demonstrate the importance of recognizing these distinctions also have useful implications for market regulation.
On the Stochastic Navier–Stokes Equation Driven by Stationary White Noise

We consider an unbiased approximation of stochastic Navier–Stokes equation driven by spatial white noise. This perturbation is unbiased in that the expectation of a solution of the perturbed equation solves the deterministic Navier–Stokes equation. The nonlinear term can be characterized as the highest stochastic order approximation of the original nonlinear term u ∇ u. We investigate the analytical properties and long-time behavior of the solution. The perturbed equation is solved in the space of generalized stochastic processes using the Cameron–Martin version of the Wiener chaos expansion and generalized Malliavin calculus. We also study the accuracy of the Galerkin approximation of the solutions of the unbiased stochastic Navier–Stokes equations.
Cohen-macaulay modules

The object of this paper is to discuss the conjecture, which will be abbreviated (E), that every complete local ring of dimension n possesses a finitely generated module of depth n. It is noted that several conjectures which have been open for some time follow from (E), and the connection of (E) with Serre's conjecture on multiplicities over regular local rings is discussed. In fact Serre's conjecture is proved for dimension ≤ 4 using the ideas under consideration.
Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to determine pharmacy students' intention to participate in hormonal contraception counseling services.

Abstract Introduction Recent policies allow some pharmacists to prescribe hormonal birth control, which may improve access to hormonal contraceptives. This study explored associations between student pharmacists' hormonal contraception knowledge, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control to counseling intentions, and preferred learning methods. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was developed to assess student pharmacists' hormonal contraception knowledge, perceptions, and counseling intentions. First-year student pharmacists at Auburn University Harrison School of Pharmacy were recruited from a skills course to participate. Constructs from the Theory of Planned Behavior and contraception knowledge were used. True/false questions were used for the knowledge scale and Likert-type items for remaining scales. Low vs. high counseling intention based on contraception knowledge and perceptions and controlling for student pharmacist characteristics was identified by logistic regression. One multiple-choice item explored preferences for learning about hormonal contraception. Results A response of 110/112 consented student pharmacists was achieved. Mean scores for knowledge, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and intention were 76.6% (SD = 20.43%), 89.0% (SD = 12.40%), 63.9% (SD = 8.06%), 59.0% (SD = 10.46%), and 81.4% (SD = 12.87%). The contraception attitude variable was statistically significantly associated with counseling intention after controlling for respondent characteristics [Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.10 with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.05, 1.16] while knowledge, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control were not statistically significantly associated. Most respondents (56%) preferred to learn by watching examples of counseling, while some (30%) preferred role-play with peers, reading an article (9%), or using a computer simulation (3%). Conclusions First-year student pharmacists' attitudes towards hormonal contraception were associated with counseling intentions. Preferred learning methods were observational learning or role-playing.
Variation in Water Demand Responsiveness to Utility Policies and Weather: A Latent-Class Model

Water utilities use demand-side management (DSM) policies to incentivize conservation during shortages. However, because utilities often use DSM policies for the first time during drought, it may b...
The effects of industry funding and positive outcomes in the interpretation of clinical trial results: a randomized trial among Dutch psychiatrists

Most studies are inclined to report positive rather than negative or inconclusive results. It is currently unknown how clinicians appraise the results of a randomized clinical trial. For example, how does the study funding source influence the appraisal of an RCT, and do positive findings influence perceived credibility and clinical relevance? This study investigates whether psychiatrists’ appraisal of a scientific abstract is influenced by industry funding disclosures and a positive outcome. Dutch psychiatrists were randomized to evaluate a scientific abstract describing a fictitious RCT for a novel antipsychotic drug. Four different abstracts were created reporting either absence or presence of industry funding disclosure as well as a positive or a negative outcome. Primary outcomes were the perceived credibility and clinical relevance of the study results (10-point Likert scale). Secondary outcomes were the assessment of methodological quality and interest in reading the full article. Three hundred ninety-five psychiatrists completed the survey (completion rate 45%). Industry funding disclosure was found not to influence perceived credibility (Mean Difference MD 0.12; 95% CI − 0.28 to 0.47, p?) nor interpretation of its clinical relevance (MD 0.14; 95% CI − 0.54 to 0.27, p?). A negative outcome was perceived as more credible than a positive outcome (MD 0.81 points; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.43 to 1.18, p?), but did not affect clinical relevance scores (MD -0.14; 95% CI − 0.54 to 0.27). In this study, industry funding disclosure was not associated with the perceived credibility nor judgement of clinical relevance of a fictional RCT by psychiatrists. Positive study outcomes were found to be less credible compared to negative outcomes, but industry funding had no significant effects. Psychiatrists may underestimate the influence of funding sources on research results. The fact that physicians indicated negative outcomes to be more credible may point to more awareness of existing publication bias in the scientific literature.
Part II Primer: The Elements of Sentence Optimization

Consider this scenario: You and your engineering team are moving along a large-scale, high-stake project. An unexpected problem emerges and progress halts. You determine how to fix the problem, but the fix will be expensive. Now, suddenly, your project requires an additional $108 K in unanticipated funding to reach completion.
Reinforcement learning and non-zero-sum game output regulation for multi-player linear uncertain systems

Abstract This paper studies the non-zero-sum game output regulation problem (GORP) for a class of continuous-time multi-player linear systems. Without the knowledge of state and input matrices, the Nash equilibrium solution, N -tuple of feedback control policy, is learned through online data collected along the system trajectories. A key strategy is, for the first time, to combine techniques from reinforcement learning (RL), differential game theory, and output regulation for data-driven control design. Different from the existing literature of adaptive optimal output regulation, the feedforward matrices are considered nontrivial. Theoretical analysis shows the disturbance rejection and tracking ability of the closed-loop system. Simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of the developed data-driven control approach.
Versatile printed microheaters to enable low-power thermal control in paper diagnostics

As the capabilities of low-resource field testing have begun to expand to incorporate more complex diagnostic technologies, many of these devices remain tethered to large heaters requiring relatively high-power inputs. Highly efficient microheaters would enable miniaturization of devices for more economic and effective heating with high temperatures and sustained incubation. This work reports the development and application of resistive microheaters printed with nanosilver ink for improved methods of automated sample heating in paper-based point-of-care (POC) and in-field diagnostics. Resistance is easily predicted, and shapes can be altered to fit space and heat-transfer needs, sustained and discrete heating of precise regions are possible. Here, we demonstrate both isothermal nucleic acid amplification at 65 °C and bacterial culture at 37 °C using our microheaters. Printed nanosilver microheaters are easily integrated into reactions that require low-power battery heating, can sustain heating for 16-hour incubations, and cost between 0.17 and 0.58 US dollars each. Further, the microheaters are reusable, stable over 6 months, and can be wetted without degradation or reduction in conductivity. These versatile printed microheaters enable thermal control for a variety of low power heating applications.
Cardiomyocyte-specific ACSL1 Deficiency Prevents Cardiac Lipotoxicity and Alleviates Heart Dysfunction in the ob/ob Model of Obesity

Cardiac lipotoxicity is associated with structural remodeling and functional changes that are features of obesity-related cardiomyopathy. Both high fat diet and the ob/ob mutation lead to increased fatty acid (FA) uptake, elevated triacylglycerol (TAG) content, hypertrophy, and systolic and diastolic dysfunction in murine hearts. Cardiomyocyte-specific long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 1 (ACSL1) deficiency (Acsl1H-/-) results in a 90% reduction in FA activation, suggesting that Acsl1 ablation might alleviate obesity-associated myocardial dysfunction. Double knockout ob-Acsl1H-/- and ob-Acsl1flox/flox control mice were treated with tamoxifen at 20 weeks of age; heart function, TAG content, and relevant gene expression were assessed immediately before and 2 and 5 weeks after treatment. Heart weights initially increased in lean and obese Acsl1H-/- mice, but normalized in ob-Acsl1H-/- mice by 5 weeks. Ventricular TAG content was decreased by 51% and 61% in ob-Acsl1H-/- mice 2 and 5 weeks after Acsl1 knockout induction, respectively. Moreover, ACSL1 knockout resulted in increased survival of ob/ob mice, suggesting that lack of ACSL1 protected obese hearts subjected to stress. Our results indicate that partial knockdown of cardiac ACSL1 is sufficient to reverse cardiac TAG accumulation and to ameliorate heart dysfunction even in the context of established obesity-related cardiomyopathy.
Phase imaging systems for measurement of plasma density contours

During recent years, there has been considerable interest in obtaining spatially localized time resolved density measurements in fusion plasmas. However, the study of such phenomena requires many channels of information on a scale much finer than available with current discrete chordal view multichannel interferometers. These problems can be overcome by imaging an expanded probe beam occupying the entire plasma port crosssection onto a linear detector array[1], thereby significantly reducing the number of optical components and hence the cost and complexity of the system compared with a comparable discrete chord multichannel interferometer. Other more fundamental advantages of the imaging technique include compensation for phase errors due to plasma refraction, whilst the diffraction limited system resolution (typically ≃ 1cm for FIR probe wavelengths) allows the use of many detector channels for high spatial sampling rates. and hence accurate reconstruction of the density profiles.
Development of a roof bolter drilling control process to reduce the generation of respirable dust

The drilling operation in the roof bolting process, especially in hard rock, generates excessive respirable coal and quartz dusts, which could expose the roof bolting operator to continued health risks. Previous research has shown that the amount of respirable dust produced is dependent on the main drilling parameters, specifically the drilling rotational and penetration rate. In this paper, a roof bolter drilling control process was proposed to reduce the generation of respirable dust. Based on the analysis of laboratory drilling test results, a rational drilling control process (adjusting rotational and penetration rates) to achieve the optimal drilling parameter for different rock types was proposed. In this process, the ratio between specific energy and rock uniaxial compressive strength was used as the index to determine the optimal operation point. The recommended drilling operation range for the rock type used in the experiment was provided, and the reduction in respirable dust generation was demonstrated. By following this control process, the drilling efficiency can be monitored in real time, so the system can stay in a relatively high-energy efficiency with less respirable dust production from the drilling source. This algorithm is targeted to be incorporated into the current roof bolter drilling control system for drilling automation so that a safe and productive drilling operation can be conducted in a healthy working environment.
Necrotizing fasciitis secondary to lake water inoculation with Aeromonas sobria: A case report.

Rationale Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rapidly progressing bacterial soft tissue infection with a high mortality rate. It is characterized by significant soft tissue destruction with associated sepsis. The mainstay of treatment is coverage with appropriate broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy and emergent surgical debridement. Patient concerns A previously healthy 66-year-old female presented with a deep laceration to her right, posterior calf with subsequent contamination with lake water. After the wound was irrigated and closed, the patient developed NF. Diagnosis Laceration of the right lower extremity complicated by NF secondary to Aeromonas sobria. Interventions The patient underwent emergent surgical debridements with intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotics and negative pressure wound therapy. The lower extremity was reconstructed with split-thickness skin grafts. Outcomes The patient's initial penetrating trauma was closed in the emergency room, and the patient was discharged home with antibiotics. She returned the next day with unstable vitals and was admitted to the intensive care unit. Her condition continued to deteriorate, and she underwent serial surgical debridements. Her condition improved and was discharged home after 13 days in the hospital. Lessons learned Close monitoring for NF is important for tissue infections sustained in aquatic environments. Timely identification and surgical management of NF increases overall survival.
Examining elevated blood pressure and the effects of diabetes self-management education on blood pressure among a sample of Marshallese with type 2 diabetes in Arkansas.

Introduction Hypertension is a leading risk factor for heart attack and stroke. Undiagnosed hypertension increases the risk of heart attack and stroke. The risk of hypertension is increased for those with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Diabetes self-management education (DSME) has been shown to be effective at improving clinical outcomes, including reducing blood pressure, but few studies have evaluated the effects of DSME for Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders. Methods This study examined the baseline prevalence of diagnosed hypertension and undiagnosed high blood pressure and differences in health care access between those with diagnosed hypertension versus undiagnosed high blood pressure. The sample consisted of 221 Marshallese adults with T2DM participating in a DSME randomized controlled trial in northwest Arkansas. The study also examined the effects of DSME interventions on participants' blood pressure, comparing an Adapted-Family DSME with a Standard DSME. Results Nearly two-thirds of participants had blood pressure readings indicative of hypertension, and of those, over one-third were previously undiagnosed. The frequency of doctor visits was significantly lower for those with undiagnosed high blood pressure. There were no differences in health insurance coverage or forgone medical care between those with undiagnosed high blood pressure versus diagnosed hypertension. Across all participants, a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure occurred between baseline and post intervention, and a significant reduction in diastolic blood pressure occurred between baseline and post-intervention, 6 months, and 12 months post-intervention. No differences were observed by study arm. Conclusion This study is the first to document the prevalence of diagnosed hypertension and undiagnosed high blood pressure, as well as the effects of DSME on blood pressure among a sample of Marshallese adults with T2DM.
Ultra-wideband, wide angle, asymmetric transmission based chiral metasurface for C and X band applications.

A multi-layered chiral device manifesting asymmetric transmission (AT) facilitating one-way channeling of electromagnetic (EM) waves, based on the inherent polarization is presented. The designed metasurface depicts a high transmission contrast with an efficiency above 80% for an ultra-wide operational range of 6.3–12.3 GHz, constituting a fractional bandwidth of 64%. As an additional feature, the reported metasurface yields robustness against oblique incidences up to 45 $$^\circ $$ while maintaining high transmission efficiency. This report also introduces a unique analogy of the AT based communication system with logic-gates by formulating its truth-table and logic circuit. Furthermore, new insights of AT magnitude’s dependence to oblique incidences are presented on the account of surface impedance mismatch due to TE and TM polarization with varying incidence angle. Moreover, avoidance of grating lobes and the associated transmission deterioration through utilization of electrically small periodic metasurface is presented. The results have been numerically and practically validated yielding state-of-the-art features. Operating within C and X band, the reported work is an ideal candidate for practical AT applications.
The Delphi Process: Involving Parents of Children With Disabilities in Participatory Consensus Building:

Educators recognize that parental participation is a critical factor in the success of children within a school setting. This is particularly true for parents who have children with disabilities or...
Survey of Healthcare Providers Utilization and Perception of Telehealth On-Treatment Visits During COVID-19 Pandemic

Purpose/objective(s) Patients undergoing radiotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic have experienced unique changes to care, including increased use of telehealth for radiotherapy on-treatment visits (OTVs). The objective of this study was to determine telehealth utilization and provider perceptions towards effectively assessing, managing and treating patients via telehealth OTVs during the pandemic. Materials/methods As part of this IRB-approved single institution study, a survey was developed to capture the percentage of OTVs that were conducted via telehealth and provider perceptions on management effectiveness. Participants included attending and resident physicians and advanced practice providers (APPs). Likert scale questions assessed the provider perceptions in the following areas: ability to fully evaluate patient, manage symptoms, minimize acute care, and prevent COVID19 exposure. The survey was sent at 3 timepoints: April 15th, May 22nd, and December 18, 2020 (1, 2, and 7 months since declaration of COVID-19 as a national emergency). Respondents were not linked across the 3 surveys. Response frequencies and percentages are presented for each survey and global trends in responses are described. Results Surveys were sent to 34 radiation oncology providers. 22 (65%), 20 (59%), and 21 (62%) participants responded to the April, May, and December survey, respectively. 13, 12, 13 attending physicians; 8, 6, and 3 resident physicians; and 2, 2, and 5 APPs responded to the 3 surveys, respectively. In the April survey 59% of respondents indicated that 75-100% of patients were evaluated weekly by telehealth. This percentage dropped to 8% in May and 0% in December. Most respondents reported agreement with the ability to fully evaluate patients (70% vs 55%; 55%), manage symptoms (80% vs 59%; 60%) and minimize acute care (70% vs 64%; 60%) with in-person OTVs (% December vs April; May). Agreement of an appropriate balance of patient care and COVID-19 risk prevention dropped from 86% in April to 75% in May and 68% in December. Respondents reported a preference for patient-specific management strategies (telehealth vs in-person visits) at all time points (95% in April and May; 90% in December). Conclusion Based on our results, telehealth was widely used during the beginning of the pandemic, but shifted to essentially zero by December 2020. The increase of in person visits by December appears to correlate with agreement to fully evaluate a patient, manage symptoms, and minimize acute care. However, as in person OTVs increased, there was more concern for COVID-19 prevention by providers. By implementing systems into our electronic medical record that can accurately predict patients that may imminently require acute intervention, we may strike a balance of providing the best care for our cancer patients and minimize exposure risk.
Health Care Information Systems

Over time, health care information systems have evolved, moving through several different phases of technology. These phases roughly correspond to the phases of the health care industry outlined in Table 2.2 in the previous chapter. In addition, one can also observe an evolution in the way that hospitals conceptualize and manage information systems.
Arrays of III-V semiconductor Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes

In this paper, InGaAsP/InP APDs is designed for detection of near infrared (1-1.5 /spl mu/m wavelength) light and GaN APDs designed for detection of ultraviolet (<365 nm wavelength) light. This paper will also describe ladar measurements which use arrays of G-M APDs matched with timing circuits to produce 3D images with near-infrared photons.
Ancient Mesopotamia: The Eden That Never Was

Ancient Mesopotamia: The Eden That Never Was. Susan Pollock. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999.259 pp.
Detection of MGMT promoter methylation in glioblastoma using pyrosequencing

Recent clinical trials on patients with glioblastoma revealed that O6-Methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) methylation status significantly predicts patient’s response to alkylating agents. In this study, we sought to develop and validate a quantitative MGMT methylation assay using pyrosequencing on glioblastoma. We quantified promoter methylation of MGMT using pyrosequencing on paraffin-embedded fine needle aspiration biopsy tissues from 43 glioblastoma. Using a 10% cutoff, MGMT methylation was identified in 37% cases of glioblastoma and 0% of the non-neoplastic epileptic tissue. Methylation of any individual CpG island in MGMT promoter ranged between 33% and 95%, with a mean of 65%. By a serial dilution of genomic DNA of a homogenously methylated cancer cell line with an unmethylated cell line, the analytical sensitivity is at 5% for pyrosequencing to detect MGMT methylation. The minimal amount of genomic DNA required is 100 ng (approximately 3,000 cells) in small fine needle biopsy specimens. Compared with methylation-specific PCR, pyrosequencing is comparably sensitive, relatively specific, and also provides quantitative information for each CpG methylation.
Non-existence of program optimizers in an abstract setting

We consider various criteria which gauge optimality of programs in terms of dynamic measures such as execution time or amount of memory used for various inputs (rather than in terms of static measures such as the number of instructions in a program). We may think of an optimizer as a master program @ which, when given as input a program P which satisfies certain conditions~ produces as output an optimal program P' which accomplishes the same task. For a variety of criteria for gauging optimality of programs~ we show, among other things~ that one cannot expect an optimizer to work adequately on all programs P which compute partial numerical functions which possess optimal programs. In Theorem i, we deal with arbitrary complexity measures and gauge optimality by a criterion suggested by a variant of the compression theorem of Manuel Blum's paper [4]. We assume no acquaintance with that paper or related work; background material is provided in Section II. In the next theorem~ we deal with amount of memory. Specifically, we use a Turing machine model. (Although the lack of random access features makes the Taring machine an unnatural model for
People-Sensing Spatial Characteristics of RF Sensor Networks

An “RF sensor” network can monitor RSS values on links in the network and perform device-free localization, i.e., locating a person or object moving in the area in which the network is deployed. This paper provides a statistical model for the RSS variance as a function of the person’s position w.r.t. the transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX). We show that the ensemble mean of the RSS variance has an approximately linear relationship with the expected total affected power (ETAP). We then use analysis to derive approximate expressions for the ETAP as a function of the person’s position, for both scattering and reflection. Counterintuitively, we show that reflection, not scattering, causes the RSS variance contours to be shaped like Cassini ovals. Experimental tests reported here and in past literature are shown to validate the analysis.
Domestic violence and information communication technologies

Physical violence against women is pervasive through out the world and domestic violence has been a longstanding issue in feminist activism and research. Yet, these experiences are often not represented in technological research or design. In the move to consider HCI at the margins, in this paper, we ask: how have ICTs affected the experiences of domestic violence survivors? We interviewed female survivors living in a domestic violence shelter about their experiences with technology. Participants reported that they were harassed with mobile phones, experienced additional harassment (but also support) via social networking sites, and tried to resist using their knowledge of security and privacy.
Novel time-bin dependent polarization entanglement via cavity-phase control

We have produced spectrally-bright polarization-entangled biphotons using a cavity-enhanced type-II PPKTP parametric downconverter. By detuning the cavity birefringence we have generated a novel time-bin dependent polarization-entangled biphoton state.
Rotating waveplates as polarization modulators for Stokes polarimetry of the sun: evaluation of seeing-induced crosstalk errors

A formalism for estimating the crosstalk error among Stokes I,Q,U,V introduced by seeing-induced image motion is presented. This formalism is applied to several modulation schemes for polarization involving rotating waveplates, and it is evaluated using an observed power spectrum of image motion obtained from the Vacuum Tower Telescope at the National Solar Observatory/Sunspot. It is shown that rotating waveplates offer an acceptable alternative for measurements of absorption line polarization of features observed on the solar disk, provided the detection can be carried out at video frame rates or faster.
Flaps and grafts in head and neck surgery.

Otolaryngologists are the physicians best trained in the specialized diagnostic examinations of the head and neck. They are the most informed about the anatomy and physiology of this region. It is imperative that they remain proficient in the various surgical reconstructive techniques possible in this area. An in-depth discussion on tissue transplantation in head and neck surgery is presented. The use of various free grafts and pedicle flaps is examined. A new classification with emphasis on donor area is offered. The importance of inviolate vessels and surgical techniques is stressed. The conservative approach to head and neck cancer is radical eradication of the disease. This philosophy coupled with skill in reconstructive procedures should result in an improvement in survival figures and in the functional and cosmetic rehabilitation of patients.
Chromatographic Separation of Selenium and Arsenic: A Potential 72Se/72As Generator

Abstract An anion exchange method was developed to separate selenium and arsenic for potential utility in a 72Se/72As generator. The separation of the daughter 72As from the 72Se parent is based on the relative acid–base behavior of the two oxo-anions in their highest oxidation states. At pH 1.5, selenate is retained on strongly basic anion exchange resin as HSeO4− and SeO42−, while neutral arsenic acid, H3AsO4, is eluted.
Ecology and Physiology of Nesting and Early Development of the American Alligator

Ambient temperatures were significantly correlated with alligator ( Alligator mississippiensis ) nesting activity. Nesting occurred earliest when March-April-May ambient temperatures were highest. Rainfall had no significant relationship with time of nesting activity although water levels did affect the degree of nesting. The bulk of the nesting took place within a 2-week period each year. Nesting chronology and factors affecting nesting were investigated at Rockefeller Refuge from 1964 through 1987. Courtship activities generally began in early April and progressively intensified until early June. From late May through the first week of June courtship and copulation were intense, the females ovulated, and the high point of spermatogenesis occurred. Factors which seriously affected nesting success were floods, droughts, and predation. Salinity levels affected nesting densities along the coast. Nesting success (% of nests which produced live hatchlings) averaged 68.3% for 266 nests followed during a 4-yr study. Hatching success (% of eggs which hatched) averaged 58.2% for 154 nests followed during two nesting seasons. Habitat selection, home ranges, and daily movements were delineated for adult males and females. Courtship occurs in deep open water during springtime. Adult females selectively seek out dense vegetation adjacent to isolated ponds for nesting during the summer. Adult and sub-adult males tend to prefer open water all year round and only occasionally venture into the more secluded and heavily vegetated areas used by the females. Home range sizes and daily movements were much larger for adult males than for adult females. Laboratory studies evaluated the effects of four different egg incubation temperatures on hatching success, sex determination, size at hatching, and growth rates to 18 mo of age. The results indicate that incubation temperature can have a profound effect on sex ratios, hatchling size, and post-hatching growth. No significant differences were observed in hatching success at the four different temperatures.
Phase transitions in plastic crystals

Abstract The solid state phase transitions in certain organic molecular plastic crystals reversibly absorb large amounts of heat. These have potential applications for use in thermal energy storage. Pure plastic crystals undergo first order transformations but the binaries exhibit complex behavior. A phase diagram for two energetic materials, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol (NPG) and 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol (AMPL) plastic crystals is proposed. This diagram was determined by high temperature Guinier X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetric methods. It is found that the AMPL rich binaries supercool and the high temperature phase can be triggered by straining the material to release an estimated amount of 50–53 cal g−1 at room temperature. The structure of the high temperature γ′ phase of AMPL is determined as body centered cubic with a lattice parameter 6.778 A at 92 °C; which is much lower than that of 8.8381 A at 46.5 °C for the face centered cubic γ phase of NPG. A eutectoid γ → α + β transformation occurs at 20 °C. In the AMPL rich mixtures heat is absorbed in the α + γ and α + γ′ regions over a wide temperature range. An interesting feature is that there are binary equilibria between the γ and γ′ phases, with molecular rotations. Some rather uncommon thermal contractions with abrupt changes of 28% are observed in γ and γ′ phases in heating AMPL-25 mol.% NPG binary mixture.
Impact of a cytologic screening program on a gynecologic malignancy service.

A comprehensive cytologic screening program has been instrumental in the increased case finding and decreased mortality of patients with cervical cancer in a high risk population. In the 7 years of operation, 94,778 smears have been examined and 2327 atypical, 529 suspicious, and 133 positive cytologic examinations have resulted. During this period, there has been a reversal of the former predominance of invasive: in-situ lesions, and an associated redistribution in the stage of tumor exhibited. The multiple impact of an efficient cancer control program on a gynecologic malignancy service has necessitated modification in the therapy of cervical malignancy, in subsequent patient follow-up, and in the training program.
Static aeroelasticity and the flying wing, revisited

The roll dynamic behavior of some wing configurations is examined. Analysis shows that the static divergence instability which occurs for symmetrical or clamped sweptforward wings is modified by roll freedom. The instability found in the present highly idealized analysis is still of an aperiodic nature, but at a speed above the conventional divergence speed. The magnitude of this difference is seen to be a function of the ratio of the wing roll mass moment of inertia to the mass moment of inertia of the wing about the roll axis, and this difference may be quite significant.
How Inclusion Can Facilitate Teaching and Learning

Discusses what inclusive education is, what it is not, and seven ways it can provide opportunities for improving educationMichael,I'm a fourth-grade “Regular Ed” teacher who was very reluctantly dr...
The use of steroids as a potentiator of hypothermic myocardial preservation in man.

Profound hypothermic preservation (15–18°C) of the arrested myocardium offers the best protection against ischemic changes and potassium cardioplegia potentiates this preservation by allowing a more dynamic postbypass recovery, but at the cost of increased intra- and extracellular edema and mitochondrial injury. This study assesses the protective value of a steroid in the perfusion solution, methylprednisolone sodium succinate (1 g/liter), in the presence of profound hypothermic (myocardial T < 20°C) potassium (K = 26 meq/liter) cardioplegia. In a randomized prospective blinded study two groups (control A and steroid B) of 10 patients undergoing a minimum of three coronary bypass grafts were compared by clinical, cardiodynamic, electron microscopic biopsy, and mixed venous lactate and creatine phosphokinase (CK-MB) isoenzyme studies. The mean anoxic arrest time and number of grafts per patient were comparable. Although the CK-MB isoenzyme levels were lower in the postoperative period in the Solu-Medrol group, this was not statistically significant. The clinical course of the two groups was similar, however the control group of patients required a far greater degree and duration of inotropic support to attain comparable recovery trajectories to the Solumedrol group of patients. Critical ultrastructural differences in the steroid-treated group were better mitochondrial preservation, increased perimitochondrial glycogen stores, and a reduction in intracellular edema. These results suggest that steroids may enhance stabilization of cellular metabolic processes under conditions of hypothermic potassium cardioplegia.
Saturation of Irradiance Fluctuations Due to Turbulent Atmosphere

Expressions for the variance and other probability moments of strongly fluctuating irradiance of light after propagation through turbulent atmosphere are developed from a high-frequency approximation of the solution of the scalar wave equation. These expressions imply a Rayleigh distribution of the irradiance in the limit of strong turbulence and/or long propagation paths. The theory provides a good fit to Gracheva and Gurvich’s data (corrected for a processing error) and to the more dispersed recent data of Gracheva. It is argued that existing evidence for a log-normal distribution cannot reject a Rayleigh distribution whereas the assumption of log-normal distribution has implications conflicting with theory and/or experiment.
Systems analysis of the plasticization and extrusion processing of Mozzarella cheese

The effect of mixer screw speed and barrel temperature on the length of the filled section in the mixer, melt exit temperature, specific mechanical energy, and viscoelastic properties were determined for low moisture, part-skim Mozzarella cheese. Three vats of cheese were made in 1 d using three different mixer screw speeds (19, 12, and 5 rpm) and three different barrel temperatures (57, 66, and 74°C). For each screw speed (at constant barrel temperature), the horsepower increased almost linearly as the length of the filled section increased. The linearity of the relationship between horsepower and filled length decreased substantially as the barrel temperature (at constant screw speed) increased. The effect of thermomechanical treatment on the rheological properties of the cheeses was determined by plotting the initial modulus in stress relaxation versus cheese exit temperature and specific mechanical energy. This systems approach indicated that the highest moduli were obtained at the highest cheese exit temperatures, which were associated with the lowest specific mechanical energy values. Thus, low shear stresses in the stretcher-cooker seem to promote development of a more extensive elastic network in the cheese.