cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
INTRADIALMIC CARDlAC ARRHYTHMIAS: II

M.F., a 62-year-old black female, began hemodialysis on August 4, 1990. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) was caused by diabetic glomerulosclerosis proved by renal biopsy. Past history was remarkable for insulin-requiring Type II diabetes mellitus for more than 20 years and hypertension of approximately the same duration. The patient had documented coronary artery disease for at least five years, having culminated in two non-Q wave myocardial infarcts, one year and three years prior to initiating dialysis. Cardiac systolic function was decreased with lefi ventricular ejection fraction being 45% when determined in fate 1989. Functional capacity gradually deteriorated to Class III on the New York Heart Association (NYHA) scale just prior to the initiation of dialysis. For the first two months after hemodialysis was begun, the patient gradually improved. Ultrafiltration decreased the patient's blood pressure and use of antihypertensive medication. On September 24, 1990, towards the end of a routine dialysis, the patient became hypotensive and had a cardiac arrest. The first rhythm strip showed ventricular tachycardia that quickly degenerated into fibrillation. She responded to defibrillation by electrical counter shock and was admitted to the coronary core unit (CCU). The subsequent hospital course ruled out a new ischemic event. Subsequent dialysis in the CCU with the patient being monitored showed the development of multifocal premature ventricular contractions (PVC) in the second hour of dialysis. These were subsequently quantitated at >300/hr. Medications at the time of arrest included Isordil 20 mg thrice daily, digoxin.125 mg thrice weekly, nifedipine XL 60 mg a day, multivitamins, ferrous sufate, and calcium citrate. At the conclusion of the aforementioned dialysis a renal profile and a set of blood gases were obtained. Serum K+ was 2.8 mEq/l, blood pH 7.48 with unremarkable paO2 and paCO2 values. A serum digoxin level at admission was 1.8 mg/ml. Serum calcium was normal. Digoxin was discontinued and the dialysate potassium level increased to 3.0 mEq/l. The patient was continuously monitored during the next several dialyses. The number of PVCs decreased but were still greater than 150/hr. They were most frequent immediately after dialysis and gradually decreased in number to 30/hr prior to the next dialysis. At this point, a serum magnesium was checked before and after dialyses and found to be 2.5 and 1.0 mg/dl respectively. Dialysate magnesium was increased from 0.75 to 1.25 mg/dl with almost complete resolution of the PVCs postdialysis. Since discharge from the hospital, the patient has done well and no further hemodynamic problems have been documented on dialysis.
Magnetoresistive performance and comparison of supermagnetic nanoparticles on giant magnetoresistive sensor-based detection system

Giant magnetoresistive (GMR) biosensors have emerged as powerful tools for ultrasensitive, multiplexed, real-time electrical readout, and rapid biological/chemical detection while combining with magnetic particles. Finding appropriate magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and its influences on the detection signal is a vital aspect to the GMR bio-sensing technology. Here, we report a GMR sensor based detection system capable of stable and convenient connection, and real-time measurement. Five different types of MNPs with sizes ranging from 10 to 100 nm were investigated for GMR biosensing. The experiments were accomplished with the aid of DNA hybridization and detection architecture on GMR sensor surface. We found that different MNPs markedly affected the final detection signal, depending on their characteristics of magnetic moment, size, and surface-based binding ability, etc. This work may provide a useful guidance in selecting or preparing MNPs to enhance the sensitivity of GMR biosensors, and eventually lead to a versatile and portable device for molecular diagnostics.
Analysis of the expression of H-2K, D and L locus mRNAs by use of an oligonucleotide primer.

Abstract By employing an oligonucleotide-dependent cDNA synthesis / Hae III digestion procedure followed by gel electrophoretic separation of Hae III digested cDNAs, we have developed a method for analyzing the expression of H-2 mRNAs encoding the K, D and L locus histocompatibility antigens. This method provides unambiguous data as the individual K, D or L specific cDNA bands can be isolated from the gel and partially sequenced. The method is readily applicable to analyzing the relative expression of K, D and L locus mRNAs in normal mouse tissues and their tumors.
Hip abduction moment and protection against medial tibiofemoral osteoarthritis progression

Objective To test the hypothesis that a greater peak internal hip abduction moment is associated with a reduced likelihood of ipsilateral medial tibiofemoral osteoarthritis (OA) progression. Methods Fifty-seven persons with knee OA (by definite osteophyte presence and symptoms) were evaluated. Baseline assessments included kinematic and kinetic gait parameters, obtained with an optoelectronic camera system and force platform, with inverse dynamics used to calculate 3-dimensional moments at the joints; pain, using a separate visual analog scale for each knee; and alignment, using full-limb radiographs. Radiographs of the knee in a semiflexed position, with fluoroscopic confirmation of tibial rim alignment, were obtained at baseline and 18 months later. Disease progression was defined as worsening of the grade of medial joint space narrowing. Logistic regression obtained with generalized estimating equations was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for progression per unit of hip abduction moment, after excluding knees with the worst joint space grade at baseline (which could not progress). Results The 57 participants (63% women) with mild to moderate OA had a mean age of 67 years and a mean body mass index of 29. A greater internal hip abduction moment during gait was associated with a reduced likelihood of medial tibiofemoral OA progression, with OR/unit hip abduction moment of 0.52 and a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of 0.32–0.85. This protective effect persisted after adjustment for age, sex, walking speed, knee pain severity, physical activity, varus malalignment severity, hip OA presence, and hip OA symptom presence, with an adjusted OR of 0.43 a 95% CI of 0.22–0.81. Conclusion A greater hip abduction moment during gait at baseline protected against ipsilateral medial OA progression from baseline to 18 months. The likelihood of medial tibiofemoral OA progression was reduced 50% per 1 unit of hip abduction moment.
Effect of host density on offspring sex ratios and behavioral interactions between females in the parasitoid waspNasonia vitripennis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)

Pairs of females of the parasitoid waspNasonia vitripennis were videotaped with one or two hosts. The presence of an additional host decreased the number of interactions between females but had no measured effect on the nature of the interactions, i.e., on whether the interaction involved physical contact or occurred while one of the females was parasitizing a host. The number of hosts did not itself affect offspring sex ratios but did influence which other factors were correlated with sex ratio. When there was one host, the proportion of sons was more positively correlated with utilization of previously drilled holes than with female-female interactions, whereas when there were two hosts, the reverse was true. Parasitizing an already parasitized host appeared to affect a female's sex ratio beyond any effects of the physical presence of another female: When two hosts were present, the proportion of sons was greater from hosts parasitized by both females than from hosts parasitized by only one female. The observation that parasitizations in previously drilled holes and female-female interactions are correlated with sex ratios is consistent with previous studies; however, that these relationships are host density dependent is a new result and remains unexplained.
Plate tectonics of the Ancestral Rocky Mountains

The Ancestral Rocky Mountains were intracratonic block uplifts that formed in Colorado and the surrounding region during Pennsylvanian time. Their development related to the collision of North America with South America–Africa, which produced the Ouachita-Marathon orogeny. In Early Pennsylvanian time, suturing was taking place only in the Ouachita region, and foreland deformation took place only in the mid-continent. By Middle Pennsylvanian time, the length of the suture zone had increased, and it was active from the Ouachita to the Marathon region. The extent of cratonic deformation also increased in intensity and in areal extent, culminating in the Ancestral Rocky Mountains. In Late Pennsylvanian time, suturing was taking place only in the Marathon region, and cratonic deformation decreased in extent and spread southward into New Mexico and West Texas. We suggest that the Ancestral Rocky Mountains, and related features over a broad area of the western United States, were formed while an irregularly bounded peninsula of the craton (including the transcontinental arch) was pushed northwestward by the progressive collision-suturing of North America and South America–Africa. This intraplate deformation is, in some respects, like the deformation of Asia in response to the Cenozoic collision with India.
Two-component model of strong Langmuir turbulence : scalings, spectra and statistics of Langmuir waves

A two‐component model of strong Langmuir turbulence is developed, in which intense coherent Langmuir wave packets nucleate from and collapse amid a sea of low‐level background waves. Power balance between these two components determines the overall scalings of energy density and power dissipation in the turbulence, and of the rate of formation, number density, volume fraction, and characteristic nucleation time of collapsing wave packets. Recent insights into the structure and evolution of collapsing wave packets are employed to estimate the spectra and field statistics of the turbulence. Extensive calculations using the Zakharov equations in two and three dimensions demonstrate that the predictions of the model are in excellent agreement with numerical results for scalings, spectra, and the distribution of fields in the turbulence in isotropic systems; strong support is thus found for the nucleation model. The scaling behavior proves to be insensitive to the form of the damping of the waves at large wave numbers. Wave collapse is approximately inertial between the nucleation and dissipation scales, yielding power‐law energy spectra and field distributions in this range. The existence of a fixed arrest scale manifests itself in exponentially decreasing energy and dissipation spectra at high wave numbers and exponentially decreasing field distributions at high field strengths. It is suggested that such an exponential decrease may explain the field distributions seen in recent beam–plasma experiments. Generalizations to turbulence driven anisotropically by beams or governed by equations other than the Zakharov equations are outlined. It is shown that a previously unrecognized scaling observed in beam‐driven systems is correctly predicted by the generalized model.
Introduction: Child Health Disparities and Health Literacy

Demographic changes in the United States bring diverse cultures, languages, and challenges to health care delivery, particularly for children. Providing high-quality health care that is patient centered and equitable requires tailored care and a focus on both health care disparities and health literacy.1 Major connections between health literacy and disparities include a common focus on improving quality of care, improving patient-provider communication, overcoming language barriers, understanding the health beliefs of patients, and a need for pediatric-focused research. Reports by the Institute of Medicine have highlighted health-disparity reduction and health-literacy improvement as critical components for high-quality health and health care for Americans.1–5 Although more is understood about the state of child health disparities and health literacy since … Address correspondence to Tina L. Cheng, MD, MPH, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 200 N Wolfe St, Room 2055, Baltimore, MD 21287. E-mail: tcheng2{at}jhmi.edu
Model-based joint source channel coding for subband video

The objective of joint source channel coding (JSCC) is to optimally allocate the available channel bandwidth between source coding and channel coding in order to minimize the average distortion in the presence of packet losses. Unlike previous research, which focuses on determining distortion-optimized methods for JSCC using either assumptions about the rate-distortion (R-D) curve properties of source data (e.g., convexity) or experimental R-D data, we explicitly employ the analytical operational R-D model of a three-dimensional wavelet video coder to solve the JSCC problem. Using this model, we formulated the JSCC optimization as a nonlinear programming (NP) problem. By expressing the NP problem in terms of a dynamic programming equation, we derived the necessary conditions that facilitate the search for global optimal solutions. In this letter, we focus on finding the optimal JSCC problem for subband video coding and not on deriving computationally efficient methods for JSCC.
Earthquake Duration Effect on Structural Reliability

The duration of ground motion has been shown to have a significant effect on the level of damage sustained by engineered structures during moderate to severe earthquakes. In this technical note, the authors present and apply an approach that makes use of the fundamental structural period, yield strength, and their regressive relationship with the number of reversed deformation cycles during a specified duration. This approach is applied in order to quantify the effect of earthquake duration on structural reliability using (1) a low-cycle damage limit state and (2) an ultimate strength limit state. The theory of order statistics was combined with an extreme value distribution model of the deformation response peaks in order to provide full coupling of the seismic hazard with the structural response. A Monte Carlo simulation framework was utilized to estimate the reliabilities of a suite of elastoplastic oscillators representative of structures having significantly varying heights, ductility, and yield strengths. The low-cycle damage limit state functions were written in terms of a special case of the Park-Ang damage model for elastoplastic oscillators and were expressed in terms of the oscillator characteristics and the four largest peaks of the deformation response. It was concluded based on the mean structural reliability indices for a suite of nonlinear systems that earthquake duration has a significant enough effect that it should be considered in seismic reliability analyses that focus on either low-cycle damage or on ultimate strength.
The structure of xylem vessels in grapevine (Vitaceae) and a possible passive mechanism for the systemic spread of bacterial disease

Xylem-dwelling pathogens become systemic, suggesting that microorganisms move efficiently in the xylem. To better understand xylem pathways and how bacteria move within the xylem, vessel connectivity between stems and leaves of Vitis vinifera cv. Chardonnay and Muscadinia rotundifolia cv. Cowart was studied. Three methods were used: (1) the light-producing bacterium, Yersinia enterocolitica, (Ye) strain GY5232 was loaded into petioles and followed using X-ray film, (2) fluorescent beads were loaded and followed by microscopy, and (3) low-pressure air was pumped into leaves and extruded bubbles from cuts in submerged leaves were followed. Bacteria, beads, and air moved through long and branched xylem vessels from the petiole into the veins in leaves of both varieties. From the stem, bacteria and air traveled into primary and secondary veins of leaves one, two, and three nodes above the loading point of the bacteria or air. Particles and air could move unimpeded through single xylem vessels or multiple vessels (conduits) connected possibly through broken pit membranes from within the stem axis into leaf blades. Bacteria were also able to move long distances within minutes from stem to leaf passively without having to cross pit membranes. Such complex, open xylem conduits have not been well documented before; these findings will help elucidate mechanisms involved in the systemic spread of pathogens.
Measurement, Modeling, and Analysis of Internet Video Sharing Site Workload: A Case Study

In this paper we measured and analyzed the workload on Yahoo! Video, the 2nd largest U.S. video sharing site, to understand its nature and the impact on online video data center design. We discovered interesting statistical properties on both static and temporal dimensions of the workload; they include file duration and popularity distributions, arrival rate dynamics and predictability, and workload stationarity and burstiness. Complemented with queueing-theoretic techniques, we extended our understanding on the measurement data with a virtual data center design assuming the same workload as measured, which reveals results regarding the impact of workload arrival distribution, service level agreements (SLAs) and workload scheduling schemes on the design and operations of such large-scale video distribution systems.
Linear induction accelerator approach for advanced radiography

Recent advances in induction accelerator technology make it possible to envision a single accelerator that can serve as an intense, precision multiple pulse x-ray source for advanced radiography. Through the use of solid-state modulator technology repetition rates on the order of 1 MHz can be achieved with beam pulse lengths ranging from 200 ns to 2 /spl mu/secs. By using fast kickers, these pulses may be sectioned into pieces which are directed to different beamlines so as to interrogate the object under study from multiple lines of sight. The ultimate aim is to do a time dependent tomographic reconstruction of a dynamic object. The technology to accomplish these objectives along with a brief discussion of the experimental plans to verify it will be presented.
Failure diagnosis with incomplete information in cable networks

Cable network has become one of the most popular ways of high-speed Internet access for homes and small businesses. For broadband cable providers, managing their large-scale network infrastructure is highly challenging because these networks are geographically dispersed and contain a large number of devices. A single administrative area typically serves hundreds of thousands of end-customers (or cable modems) with thousands of intermediate distribution devices that operate on different protocol layers. Such devices include routers, Cable Modem Termination Systems (CMTS's), fiber nodes, repeaters, etc. It is, thus, critical for the providers to monitor the health of their infrastructure and perform quick failure diagnosis. However, there are many challenges in failure diagnosis. In this paper, we focus on two challenges that are motivated by input from a large U.S. cable provider: missing device status information and incomplete topology.
A numeric evaluation of attenuation from ambient noise correlation functions

[1] The ambient noise correlation function (NCF) calculated between seismic stations contains, under appropriate conditions, accurate travel time information. However, NCF amplitudes are highly debated due to noise source intensity and distribution, seismic intrinsic attenuation, scattering, and elastic path effects such as focusing and defocusing. We prove with various numerical simulations that the NCFs calculated for a uniformly dispersive medium using the coherency method preserve accurate geometrical spreading and attenuation decay. We show that for a wide range of noise source distributions, the coherency of the noise correlation functions matches a Bessel function decaying exponentially with a specific attenuation coefficient. Conditions needed to obtain these results include averaging over long enough time intervals, a uniformly distributed seismic network, and a good distribution of far-field noise sources. We also show that the estimated attenuation coefficient corresponds to the interstation and not the noise-source-to-receiver structure.
Synthetic bactericidal peptide based on CAP37: a 37-kDa human neutrophil granule-associated cationic antimicrobial protein chemotactic for monocytes.

Abstract CAP37 (cationic antimicrobial protein of molecular mass 37 kDa) is a multifunctional protein isolated from the granules of human neutrophils. It is antibiotic and chemotactic and binds lipopolysaccharide. A synthetic peptide, amino acid sequence NQGRHFCGGALIHARFVMTAASCFQ, based on residues 20-44 of CAP37 protein mimics its antibiotic and lipopolysaccharide binding action. Peptide 20-44, at the concentrations tested, has antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus aureus. The bactericidal action of the peptide was pH dependent, with maximum activity at pH 5.0 and pH 5.5 and decreased activity at pH 7.0. Various truncations, substitutions, and other modifications in the sequence deteriorate its activity. Free sulfhydryl groups and/or disulfide bridge formation are required for optimum antibiotic activity, since substitution of serines for, or alkylation of, cysteine residues 26 and 42 eliminates bactericidal activity. Evidently amino acids 20-44 represent an important, perhaps principal, antibacterial domain of CAP37. This peptide should provide new insight into the mechanism of antimicrobial activity of CAP37 and may serve as a model for new, useful, synthetic antibiotics.
Dynamic depth recovery from unsynchronized video streams

We propose an algorithm for estimating dense depth information of dynamic scenes from multiple video streams captured using unsynchronized stationary cameras. We solve this problem by first imposing two assumptions about the scene motion and the temporal offset between cameras. The motion of a scene is described using a local constant velocity model and the camera temporal offset is assumed to be constant within a short of period of time. Based on these models, geometric relations between the images of moving scene points, the scene depth, the scene motions, and the camera temporal offset are investigated and an estimation method is developed to compute the camera temporal offset. The three main steps of the proposed algorithm are: 1) the estimation of the temporal offset between cameras, 2) the synthesis of synchronized image pairs based on the estimated camera temporal offset and optical flow fields computed in each view, and 3) the stereo computation based on the synthesized synchronous image pairs. The proposed algorithm has been tested on both synthetic data and real image sequences. Promising quantitative and qualitative experimental results are demonstrated in the paper.
Active and stable carbon nanotube/nanoparticle composite electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction

Nanostructured carbon-based materials, such as nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube arrays, Co3O4/nitrogen-doped graphene hybrids and carbon nanotube-graphene complexes have shown respectable oxygen reduction reaction activity in alkaline media. Although certainly promising, the performance of these materials does not yet warrant implementation in the energy conversion/storage devices utilizing basic electrolytes, for example, alkaline fuel cells, metal-air batteries and certain electrolysers. Here we demonstrate a new type of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube/nanoparticle composite oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalyst obtained from iron acetate as an iron precursor and from cyanamide as a nitrogen and carbon nanotube precursor in a simple, scalable and single-step method. The composite has the highest oxygen reduction reaction activity in alkaline media of any non-precious metal catalysts. When used at a sufficiently high loading, this catalyst also outperforms the most active platinum-based catalysts.
Cerebral fat embolism and the "starfield" pattern: a case report

Nearly all long-bone fractures are accompanied by some form of fat embolism. The rare complication of clinically significant fat embolism syndrome, however, occurs in only 0.9-2.2% of cases. The clinical triad of fat embolism syndrome consists of respiratory distress, altered mental status, and petechial rash. Cerebral fat embolism causes the neurologic involvement seen in fat embolism syndrome. A 19-year-old African-American male was admitted with gunshot wounds to his right hand and right knee. He had diffuse hyperactive deep tendon reflexes, bilateral ankle clonus and decerebrate posturing with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 4T. Subsequent MRI of the brain showed innumerable punctate areas of restricted diffusion consistent with "starfield" pattern. On a 10-week follow up he has a normal neurological examination and he is discharged home. Despite the severity of the neurologic insult upon initial presentation, the majority of case reports on cerebral fat embolism illustrate that cerebral dysfunction associated with cerebral fat embolism is reversible. When neurologic deterioration occurs in the non-head trauma patient, then a systemic cause such as fat emboli should be considered. We describe a patient with non-head trauma who demonstrated the classic "starfield" pattern on diffusion-weighted MRI imaging.
At-Home Consumption of Cheese: A Purchase-Infrequency Model

For many commodities, zero purchases are recorded in household budget surveys even though positive consumption occurs. This may reflect a survey period that is shorter than the purchase cycle. The present study estimates a purchase-infrequency model for cheese using the 1987 BLS Consumer Expenditure Survey. Appropriateness of the Tobit specification is examined along with the assumption of independence of the two-stage expenditure decision process. Applied consumption analyses often use household budget surveys with little concern as to survey-period length relative to the length over which consumption can occur. Many of these analyses use the Tobit model to account for censoring. Associated with use of this type of model are underlying assumptions that first, the same stochastic process affects both purchase decisions and consumption levels and second, a zero value of the dependent variable represents a true comer solution. However, when the commodity in question has a purchase cycle longer than the survey period length, a zero expenditure level may not correspond to zero consumption and the Tobit specification may be inappropriate (Blundell and Meghir, p. 197). As a commodity, cheese may exhibit characteristics precluding use of a Tobit demand model. For many cheese varieties, consumption may occur many weeks after purchase. As evidence, the 1972 and 1987 Consumer Expenditure Surveys report that 48% and 42% of surveyed households, respectively, had purchased cheese over a one-week survey period. In contrast, the 1977 USDA Household Food Consumption Survey indicates over 75% of surveyed households had consumed cheese at home over a one-week period. This large difference
U.S. Wetlands

Although the overall rate that the nation's wetlands are being converted to other uses is not alarming, the continued incremental conversion of wetlands, especially in certain inland regions of the country, may have significant adverse ecological effects over the next few decades. A comprehensive report on wetlands, requested by the Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works, was released recently by Senator John H. Chafee (R-R.I.), chairman of the Subcommittee on Environmental Pollution. The report outlines options for new federal measures that could lead to more effective management of wetlands in the United States. Federal efforts to manage wetlands could be more effective if they were focused on higher value wetlands, although, because the value of individual wetlands in different regions of the country have not been evaluated at this time, priorities for protection have not been established.
Position sensitivity in gallium arsenide radiation detectors

A study of the electrical response of detectors made from pure monolithic GaAs to MeV-energy alpha and proton radiation has been done as a function of the site of the ionization. A beam of particles was collimated to a diameter of 0.1 mm and swept across two detectors, one biased by a repeating pattern of electrodes on the front surface, the other a 1-mm cube biased between opposing faces with the electrical field normal to the beam. We found the charge response to single particles near the minus electrode to be three times larger than near the plus. The detector impulse response to subnanosecond pulses of protons restore quickly near the plus electrode, but near the minus, tails appear on the pulses that persist for over a half microsecond and dominate the net signal charge. A model based on electron detrapping is discussed, and a detector design is proposed. >
The Generation and Detection of Electron Spin Echoes

Time domain and pulsed electron magnetic resonance (EMR) have become important and experimentally facile techniques in biology and chemistry because the technology of microwave circuits has advanced to the state where pulse sequences can be synthesized on a time scale that is commensurate to the state-to-state dynamics of the electron spin. For this reason it is now feasible to conceive of experiments that are analogous to those of modern pulsed NMR, a field of study that enjoyed a surge of popularity as both a fundamental and analytical research technique when the technology of radiofrequency circuits similarly evolved.
Engineering education and infinite superposition

Attention is focused on continuous-space shift-invariant systems with continuous system maps and inputs and outputs that are elements of L∞ (IRd). It is shown that infinite superposition can fail in this important setting. It is also shown that continuous shift-invariant linear mappings need not commute with the operation of integration (even when the two composite operations are well defined).
Selective blockade of mitochondrial KATP channels does not impair myocardial oxygen consumption

Opening of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels has been postulated to prevent inhibition of respiration resulting from matrix contraction during high rates of ATP synthesis. Glibe...
Innate Lymphocyte/Ly6Chi Monocyte Crosstalk Promotes Klebsiella Pneumoniae Clearance

Increasing antibiotic resistance among bacterial pathogens has rendered some infections untreatable with available antibiotics. Klebsiella pneumoniae, a bacterial pathogen that has acquired high-level antibiotic resistance, is a common cause of pulmonary infections. Optimal clearance of K. pneumoniae from the host lung requires TNF and IL-17A. Herein, we demonstrate that inflammatory monocytes are rapidly recruited to the lungs of K. pneumoniae-infected mice and produce TNF, which markedly increases the frequency of IL-17-producing innate lymphoid cells. While pulmonary clearance of K. pneumoniae is preserved in neutrophil-depleted mice, monocyte depletion or TNF deficiency impairs IL-17A-dependent resolution of pneumonia. Monocyte-mediated bacterial uptake and killing is enhanced by ILC production of IL-17A, indicating that innate lymphocytes engage in a positive-feedback loop with monocytes that promotes clearance of pneumonia. Innate immune defense against a highly antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogen depends on crosstalk between inflammatory monocytes and innate lymphocytes that is mediated by TNF and IL-17A.
Guidelines in practice: Therapies for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause of vertigo. This article describes the presentation and physical examination of a patient with BPPV. The case is then used to explore various features of the diagnosis, examination, and management of BPPV, with a focus on the 2008 AAN practice parameter on therapies for BPPV.
Studies on Quinine and Quinidine V. Do They Have a Specific Action on Autonomic Nerve Ends

In an earlier paper in this series1 it was shown that epinephrine loses part or all of its pressor activity in dogs following injections of quinine or quinidine because of a partial or complete paralysis of the peripheral vasomotor mechanism. This was localized as being on the endings because pituitary solution was still effective in raising the blood pressure. The work has been extended to cats, and it has been found that there is not only a loss of pressor activity but also in some cases a very clear cut vasomotor reversal. Figure 1 illustrates such a case. Here approximately 3 mg. of quinidine per kilo have completely reversed the action of epinephrine. In other similar experiments this same result has been obtained not only from the injection of epinephrine, but also from stimulation of the splanchnics. These findings in cats and dogs suggest a similarity in action between quinine (or quinidine) and the ergot alkaloids. When the reaction of the rabbit uterus to epinephrine before and after quinine or ...
Data analysis method to assembly process based on ISA95

To deal with the increasing massive manufacturing and assembly data,a method of data warehouse analysis based on object models of ISA95is presented.Firstly,summarizing the features of assembly process data,an assembly data classification mean is proposed on the basis of ISA95object model and the assembly data is divided into four main types.And then,analyzing the potential relationship between the various types of data,the quality subject and scheduling subject data warehouse model is constructed.Finally,the method is applied to aero-engine assemble to complete the analysis of quality data.
Quality Study of Tribulus Terrestris from Different Areas

Objective:To establish the determination method of total saponins in Tribulus terrestris,then compare the quality differences among Tribulus terrestris from different areas.Methods:Diosgenin as reference,using UV-visible spectrophotometry to determine total saponins in Tribulus terrestris fruit.Results:Diosgenin has good linear relationship in 0.00752~0.1504μg,the regression equation:y=4.0439x +0.1232,R2=0.9912,average recovery was 98.70%,RSD= 2.8%.Conclusion:There are quality differences among different areas of Tribulus terrestris,the best quality from Henan.
Research Survey of Power System Forced Power Oscillation

Power system forced power oscillation theory effectively supplement the deficiency of the negative damping theory in explaining some low-frequency oscillation incidents caused by unknown reasons.This paper makes a systematic review of the current research findings in forced power oscillation theory in terms of the fundamental principles,excitation causes,disturbance sources location and control measures.Thereupon,the research prospect is analyzed.
Etching, Engraving & Photography: Elistory of Photomechanical Reproduction

AbstractThe first system to reproduce images photomechanically was heliogravure, introduced in 1826 by Joseph Nicephore Niepce of France. This was followed 13 years later with attempts by various experimenters to chemically etch daguerreotypes. Neither approach proved wholly satisfactory. In1852and1858 William Henry Fox Talbot of England patented the first practicable photomechanical systems. These techniques were capable of converting continuous-tone images into ink images on paper using methods which established the foundation of photogravure as we know it today. Talbot’s approaches relied heavily upon the positive photographic print, a feature which was part of the photographic negative-positive system introduced by him in 1839. Talbot’s photomechanical innovations consisted of the bichromated gelatin emulsion; contact screens; photoaquatint; etching a metal plate through the light-exposed, selectively hardened emulsion; use of a relatively “safe” etchant; using etchants of different concentrations to ...
A botanical multi–orgasmic composition with maximum bioavailability for women

The present patent pending invention relates to a topical pharmaceutical nano composition with maximum bioavailability for female sexual response including female sexual dysfunction such as female sexual arousal disorders nbsp orgasmic nbsp disorders and sexual pain disorders and enhancing female sexual pleasure and satisfaction of the female sexual experience as well as vaginal infections The composition for treating this problem preferably formed of a natural cream bee propolis fenugreek oregano L Arginine orotate Tribulus terrestris or extract of them In particular the composition is applied on women clitoris to enhance pleasure and increase number of orgasm for women during intercourse Observed results showed excellent results for all ages of women with no adverse or side effects
Artificial compound-eye gamma camera for MRI compatible SPECT imaging

In this work, we proposed a next generation MRI compatible SPECT system, MRC-SPECT-II, based on an artificial compound eye (ACE) gamma camera design inspired by compound eyes often found in small invertebrate. The MRC-SPECT II had a very compact—6cm detector ring size, but it consisted of 1536 independent micro-pinhole-gamma-camera-elements looking at the object. Each of the micro-camera-elements covered a narrow view angular in the object space. This system design could cover a FOV of 1cm diameter with a very rich angular sampling. Furthermore, the Monte Carlo study showed MRC-SPECT-II could achieve peak geometry efficiency of around 1.5% (as compared to the typical levels of 0.1%–0.01% found in modern pre-clinical SPECT instrumentations), while maintaining a spatial resolution of around 0.5 mm. Compared to the MRC-SPECT-I system that we have developed, the compact MRC-SPECT-II system could sit inside pre-clinical MRI scanner and potentially allowed us to take MRI and SPECT imaging at the same time. Also the dramatic increase in sensitivity could potentially lead to a radical change in how we might employ SPECT imagining in both pre-clinical and (potentially) clinical practice, by offering much lower detection limit and allowing for new imaging procedures that would be difficult to implement with the current generation of SPECT instrumentations.
The validity of thoracolumbar paraspinal scanning EMG as a diagnostic test: an examination of the current literature.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this literature review was to assess the current validity of thoracolumbar paraspinal scanning EMG as practiced by the chiropractic profession within the context of adequate and acceptable epidemiological standards for validating a new diagnostic test. DATA SOURCES, STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION Sources for the primary literature citations were obtained from several indexing services (MEDLINE--April 1993 to 1989; Index to Chiropractic Literature--1991 to 1980, Chiropractic Research Archives Collection--Vol. I-IV and Chiropractic Literature Analysis and Retrieval System) and hand searched under the subject heading of electromyography. For MEDLINE this was combined with electromyography as a title/abstract word and limited to "human." Primary literature citations were included in this review if the author, institution or journal was associated with the chiropractic profession and the paper dealt with thoracolumbar scanning EMG. Thirty-seven primary publications were identified and were systematically evaluated for contribution to any of the twelve key criteria used to validate a new diagnostic test. Secondary or tertiary citations from all sources were included if referenced in the primary literature as previous investigations supporting one of the key criteria. Additional secondary sources were included providing that the author was aware of them and the subject matter was germane to the EMG subtopic. DATA SYNTHESIS Based upon this review, none of the 12 key criteria used to validate a new diagnostic test have been adequately satisfied. CONCLUSIONS It is concluded that thoracolumbar paraspinal scanning EMG is premature for clinical application as a paraclinical diagnostic test. Recommendations for evaluation directions in the immediate future are provided.
‘More reputation than she deserves’: remembering suffrage in Wyoming

AbstractAs the first territory and state where women voted in the U.S., and in fact the first place in the world where women exercised full enfranchisement, Wyoming’s past should raise pressing questions about the history of women’s suffrage. However, scholars typically explain the unusual event as a political hoax, a joke, or an effort to increase the population of the fledgling territory. At the heart of the scholarly treatment of Wyoming suffrage lies the controversial figure of Esther Hobart Morris. Upheld as the ‘mother of woman suffrage’ in local lore, and viewed as a false heroine by most historians, Morris embodies the contradictions of western suffrage. In this essay, I reinsert Morris into the history of suffrage in Wyoming and analyze how Wyomingites remember and commemorate the story of Morris from the 1890s to the 1970s. By taking the symbolic role of Esther Morris seriously, I argue that suffrage in Wyoming mattered, not only to the women who exercised the vote but also to the collective ide...
Postbuckling of Rings under Two Uniform Loads

The interaction effect of the normal and centrally directed pressures on the initial postbuckling behavior of a thin elastic circular ring buckling freely in its own plane is investigated by means of the perturbation method applied to the exact nonlinear differential equations of the engineering theory of curved beams. A dimensionless value of the postbuckling deflection is employed as the perturbation parameter. The analysis has yielded a simple formula representing the relationship between small increases in the buckling loads. This formula characterizes the initial postbuckling behavior of the ring subjected to the two interacting, uniformly distributed loads. Heretofore, the limited technical literature on the postbuckling characteristics of rings has dealt only with single distributed external pressure loads. In practice, the two types of static loads considered can be realized by compressing the ring by means of closely spaced, perfectly flexible spokes and simultaneously applying a gas pressure.
Blood flow restricted resistance training in older adults at risk of mobility limitations.

Abstract High-load resistance training (HL) may be contraindicated in older adults due to pre-existing health conditions (e.g. osteoarthritis). Low-load blood flow restricted (BFR) resistance training offers an alternative to HL with potentially similar strength improvement. Purpose To compare muscle strength, cross-sectional area (CSA), physical function, and quality of life (QOL) following 12-weeks of HL or BFR training in older adults at risk of mobility limitations. Methods Thirty-six males and females (mean: 75.6 years 95% confidence interval: [73.4–78.5], 1.67 m [1.64–1.70], 74.3 kg [69.8–78.8]) were randomly assigned to HL (70% of one repetition maximum [1-RM]) or low-load BFR (30% 1-RM coupled with a vascular restriction) exercise for the knee extensors and flexors twice per week for 12 weeks. A control (CON) group performed light upper body resistance and flexibility training. Muscle strength, CSA of the quadriceps, 400-m walking speed, Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), and QOL were assessed before, midway and after training. Results Within 6-weeks of HL training, increases in all strength measures and CSA were evident and the gains were significantly greater than the CON group ( P P 0 .01). At 12-weeks HL and BFR training did not differ in MVC ( P = 0.14). Walking speed increased 4% among all training groups ( P 0 .01) and no changes were observed for overall SPPB score and QOL ( P > 0 .05). Conclusion Both training programs resulted in muscle CSA improvements and HL training had more pronounced strength gains than BFR training after 6-weeks and were more similar to BFR after 12-weeks of training. These changes in both groups did not transfer to improvements in QOL, SPPB, and walking speed. Since both programs result in strength and CSA gains, albeit at different rates, future research should consider using a combination of HL and BFR training in older adults with profound muscle weakness and mobility limitations.
THE IMPACT OF SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL RESOLUTIONS IN TROPICAL SUMMERRAINFALL DISTRIBUTION: PRELIMINARY RESULTS

Abstract. The abundance or lack of rainfall affects peoples’ life and activities. As a major component of the global hydrological cycle (Chokngamwong & Chiu, 2007), accurate representations at various spatial and temporal scales are crucial for a lot of decision making processes. Climate models show a warmer and wetter climate due to increases of Greenhouse Gases (GHG). However, the models’ resolutions are often too coarse to be directly applicable to local scales that are useful for mitigation purposes. Hence disaggregation (downscaling) procedures are needed to transfer the coarse scale products to higher spatial and temporal resolutions. The aim of this paper is to examine the changes in the statistical parameters of rainfall at various spatial and temporal resolutions. The TRMM Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) at 0.25 degree, 3 hourly grid rainfall data for a summer is aggregated to 0.5,1.0, 2.0 and 2.5 degree and at 6, 12, 24 hourly, pentad (five days) and monthly resolutions. The probability distributions (PDF) and cumulative distribution functions(CDF) of rain amount at these resolutions are computed and modeled as a mixed distribution. Parameters of the PDFs are compared using the Kolmogrov-Smironov (KS) test, both for the mixed and the marginal distribution. These distributions are shown to be distinct. The marginal distributions are fitted with Lognormal and Gamma distributions and it is found that the Gamma distributions fit much better than the Lognormal.
Nanocrystals for Triplet Sensitization: Molecular Behavior from Quantum-Confined Materials

Inorganic semiconductor quantum dot–molecular constructs represent an emerging class of materials functioning as triplet photosensitizers. Fundamental investigations into the exciton transfer/transduction processes at the interface of these hybrid materials have revealed parallels in the operable mechanisms to those established in purely molecular systems. The similarities in the governing energy migration mechanisms in these quantum-confined materials permit conventional photophysical strategies to be implemented in future research endeavors. This Viewpoint provides a perspective on this emerging field of inorganic quantum dots as photosensitizers, in particular the transfer of triplet excitons at the molecule–nanomaterial interface. The current state-of-the-art will be explored while highlighting areas of potential growth toward exploiting these materials in photofunctional solar energy conversion schemes.