cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
MOONLIGHT: NEGATIVE IMAGES OF TRANSCENDENCE IN PAIELA POLLUTION

Contesting nineteenth-century evolutionary assumptions about the primitivity of so-called primitive religions, Mary Douglas' Purity and Danger developed a theory of pollution that linked at once the pollution practices of non-literate peoples, certain Biblical injunctions, and Western secular notions of dirt to argue for the sophistication of pollution concepts wherever they might be found. If pollution entails uncleanliness, then dirt is its key metaphor. But underlying dirt as metaphor is an abstract conception. Dirt is 'matter out of place ... It implies two conditions: a set of ordered relations and a contravention of that order' (1966:35) with respect to which pollutants become anomalous. Douglas went on to vest in the idea of order itself categorical and structural an absolute, ultimate, and also religious value. This marked an advance over earlier approaches to the religions of non-literate peoples, which centred on the instrumental rather than symbolic aspects of them. What from one perspective seems a highly fetishized 'medical materialist' phobia and a fumbling attempt to control the forces of nature becomes in Douglas' hands a 'reflection on the relation of order to disorder, being to non-being, form to formlessness, life to death' (1966:5). However committed Douglas was to shifting ground from a consideration of the pseudo-scientific, quasi-technicological aspects of the religions of non-literate people to an examination of their symbolic content, she nevertheless retained the main premise implicit in the older literature: that a belief in supernatural causation is a diacritical feature of religion. When Douglas affirms that 'We should start any cosmological inquiry by seeking the principles of power and danger' (1966:49), she justifies her chosen focus, pollution, qua 'a particular class of danger ...' (1966:98). Hence the book's title and its theme: the perils of the anomalous and liminal. Less sympathetic scholars, particularly those whom she attacks, have exploited this premise to justify their denigration of the religions of non-literate peoples. Measured against the accomplishments of Western science, the pseudo-technologies of magic, taboo, and ritual appear illogical or prelogical. Compared with the moral loftiness of Western religions, religions that seemingly centre on instrumental goals and values appear decadent, not truly worthy of the name. Were we to abandon her premise that wherever there is the recognition of an occult power there is also religion, we would break more radically with the received literature and avoid providing it with further grist for its mill. But we would also have no prima facie reason for selecting pollution, as Douglas does, as a point of entry into the study of comparative religions (1966:6). My aim is similar to Douglas': to vindicate the 'primitive' by interpreting the symbolic content of his religion. Whether this symbolic content has any bearing on Western secular notions seems irrelevant to
Synthetic approach to bicyclomycim: Synthesis of the bicyclic system of bicyclomycin

Abstract The bicyclic system of bicyclomycin has been constructed by oxidative cyclization of 6 using phenylselenyl chloride.
The emperor’s tailors: the failure of the medical weight loss paradigm and its causal role in the obesity of America

During the past century, the medical profession has developed a paradigm for the treatment of obesity, which prescribes specific exercise and dietary goals under the umbrella of 'lifestyle change'. It has three components, all of which evolved from origins that had nothing to do with weight control. First, it is individually prescriptive, that is weight loss is considered the responsibility of the individual as contrasted to a societal or group responsibility. Second, it recommends exercise aimed towards structured, or non-functional, activities with a variety of physiological endpoints. Last, dietary goals are defined by calories, exchanges, food groups and various nutritional components. Diets are usually grouped by these goals. This model is unique to America, it is not working and it has also played a causal role in the obesity it is attempting to eliminate. A new model must be developed, which contains an observationally based societal prescription and links activity with functional outcomes and diets, which are food rather than nutritionally based.
On certain classes of spatiotemporal random fields with applications to space-time data processing

A theory of spatiotemporal random fields is developed as an extension of the Ito-Gel'fand theory of random distributions. Notable characteristics of the most important classes of spatiotemporal fields are examined. The theory is used to describe the correlation structure of generally space nonhomogeneous/time nonstationary processes and to derive optimal estimators for data dispersed simultaneously in space and time. A variety of applications of subtemporal data processing are reviewed. The outcomes of this processing may be not an end in themselves. In several situations they will be the valuable inputs to decision-making processes, risk evaluation methods, control and investment policies, etc. >
Distribution and characterization of two putative endogenous opioid antagonist peptides in bovine brain.

Abstract Highly sensitive radioimmunoassays were developed and used in studies of the distribution and chromatographic properties of two mammalian FMRF-NH 2 -like peptides recently isolated from bovine brain; an octapeptide with the structure Phe-Leu-Phe-Gln-Pro-Gln-Arg-Phe-NH 2 (F-8-F-NH 2 ) and on octadecapeptide, Ala-Gly-Glu-Gly-Leu-Ser-Ser-Pro-Phe-Trp-Ser-Leu-Ala-Ala-Pro-Gln-Arg-Phe-NH 2 (A-18-F-NH 2 ). F-8-F-NH 2 and A-18-F-NH 2 immunoreactivities are unevenly distributed in bovine brain. The highest concentrations (pmol g −1 ) of F-8-F-NH 2 and A-18-F-NH 2 are found in dorsal spinal cord (9.8 and 16.4 respectively), periaqueductal grey (8.6 and 6.8) and pons medulla (7.0 and 8.9); lowest quantities are in cortex, cerebellum and striatum. HPLC analysis coupled with radioimmunoassay reveals that the major immunoreactivities are identical to synthetic F-8-F-NH 2 and A-18-F-NH 2 while there are additional immunoreactive materials, distinct from NPY, whose structures still remain to be determined. The enrichment of these peptides in dorsal cord and periaqueductal grey, areas important in opioid-mediated pain perception, suggest that they may play a role in mediating antinociception.
A comparison of voluntary and forced exercise in protecting against behavioral asymmetry in a juvenile hemiparkinsonian rat model

Several studies have found a neuroprotective effect of forced exercise in rodent Parkinson's disease models; however, the evidence for the protective effect of voluntary exercise is mixed. Most of these studies have initiated the exercise after toxin-induced hemiparkinsonism. Few studies have investigated the role of a preconditioning of exercise prior to neurotoxic insult. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the neuroprotective effect of regular forced and voluntary exercise in recently weaned rat pups prior to an adult hemiparkinsonian lesion. Recently weaned rat pups were randomized into four 6-week experimental groups: forced exercise, voluntary exercise, control, and a sham surgery control. After participation in a 6-week experimental condition, hemiparkinsonism was induced using a unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Parkinsonian behavioral tests (i.e., apomorphine rotations, forelimb placement asymmetry, exploratory rearing) demonstrated significant motor asymmetry for all three 6-OHDA group; however, there were no significant differences among them. The sham control rats did not show motor impairment consistent with nigrostriatal motor deficits. Neither a preconditioning of forced nor voluntary exercise was neuroprotective of a future 6-OHDA lesion. These results are in contrast to the literature and suggest that exercise neuroprotection may not be so straightforward.
The Environment as Theme and Package on a Local Television Newscast

This study investigated 601 stories in a segment called Earth KARE on a local TV newscast to determine how such a theme of coverage presented the environment. Despite previous findings of the prominence of science in media coverage of the environment, Earth KARE presented the environment as a government story, both in terms of news sources (40 percent) and arena of action (54 percent). The majority of station resources—use of reporters, video, and chitchat—also was allocated to government stories. The constraints faced by news directors in efficiently producing a daily thematic segment with good audience draw may create a reliance on (and deference to) the planned, reliable information provided by government and secondarily by business.
Cooperative emission of an excited monolayer into surface plasmons

The cooperative emission of an excited molecular monolayer into surface plasmons of a metallic substrate is described. The effect arises from the very strong coupling of an electronically excited molecule to surface plasmons at distances that are short compared to the wavelength of the electronic transition. Strong resonant enhancement of this excited molecule-surface plasmon interaction occurs for near-degeneracy of the electronic transition frequency and the asymptotic surface plasmon frequency ωp/21/2. It is shown theoretically how the two-dimensional analogue of superradiance can arise, leading to a highly directional and very intense surface plasmon pulse. This pulse or series of pulses has soliton-like characteristics and may be expected to propagate for considerably longer distances along the metal-vacuum interface than do individual surface plasmons.
Horn functions and submodular Boolean functions

Abstract After providing a simple characterization of Horn functions (i.e., those Boolean functions that have a Horn DNF), we study in detail the special class of submodular functions. Every prime implicant of such a function involves at most one complemented and at most one uncomplemented variable, and based on this we give a one-to-one correspondence between submodular functions and partial preorders (reflexive and transitive binary relations), and in particular between the nondegenerate acyclic submodular functions and the partially ordered sets. There is a one-to-one correspondence between the roots of a submodular function and the ideals of the associated partial preorder. There is also a one-to-one correspondence between the prime implicants of the dual of the submodular function and the maximal antichains of the associated partial preorder. Based on these results, we give graph-theoretic characterizations for all minimum prime DNF representations of a submodular function. The problem of recognizing submodular functions in DNF representation is coNP-complete.
Suffering, Medicine, and the Book of Job

Physicians regularly encounter suffering in patients who may be seriously or chronically ill, disabled, or dying. This article explores the question of why God allows suffering and considers the Book of Job in particular for insights on the role of faith in suffering. It examines how society has viewed disease as a manifestation of God across history and presents several perspectives on the relationship between disease, suffering, and religion, including potential implications for the contemporary practice of medicine and personal reflections.
Empowering Collaborations in the Hollow State

Abstract In the networked, hollow state, the public's work is increasingly done through collaborative processes. This pilot study examines how Kanter's theory of empowerment, as modified by Laschinger, relates to a continuum of participative processes. Four potentially collaborative groups were surveyed to examine the degree to which they varied on scores of collaboration and empowerment. Significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of measures directly related to empowerment. This analysis supports the Himmelman paradigm of a continuum of collaboration that moves from collaborative betterment to collaborative empowerment.
Graft Versus Host Diseases Presenting Endoscopically as a Tubular Structure Mimicking a Worm.

Graft Versus Host Diseases (GVHD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality after allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, occurring in up to 75% of patients [1]. According to the degree of involvement in each of the organ systems, acute GVHD can be clinically classified as grades I IV [2]. Colonoscopic examination can show diffuse edema, hyperemia, patchy erosion, scattered ulcer, sloughing and active bleeding [3, 4]. We report a case of a patient with GVHD that presented endoscopically as a tubular structure that looked like a dead worm. A 63 years old female patient with history of acute myelogenous leukemia underwent unrelated donor graft rejection followed by matched unrelated donor peripheral blood stem cell transplant presented with diarrhea. The patient underwent colonoscopy that showed mildly congested and erythematous colonic mucosa. Biopsy from the colon showed focal crypt abscess, apoptotic bodies, cryptal destruction and laminar propria fibrosis consistent with graft versus host disease grade 2. CT of the abdomen and pelvis was done and showed a bowel wall thickening due to edema involving multiple loops of jejunum, however the mucosa remained enhancing. The patient was diagnosed based on the clinical presentation with severe gut GVHD. Because the patient continued to have diarrhea and work up for infectious diarrhea was negative, a repeated colonoscopy was done and showed a granular mucosa with ulcerations involving the entire the colon. A tubular structure was seen floating in the colon and looked like a worm (Fig. 1). It was 30 cm in length with 0.7 cm in diameter. It was retrieved by the colonoscopy (Fig. 2). A cross sectioning revealed fibrous tissue bands surrounded by clotted and hemorrhagic tissue. The colonic biopsy showed GVHD. The histopathological examination of the tubular structure was consistent with fibrinopurlent exudate. We concluded that the tubular structure represented a sloughed gut tissue induced by severe gut GVHD.
Bates South Hall Ring commissioning for internal target experiments

In 2003, the installation and commissioning of the Bates Large Acceptance Spectrometer Toroid (BLAST) came in its final state. The South Hall Ring (SHR) commissioning has been dynamically integrated in this process to provide high quality electron beams under BLAST experimental conditions. The design goal of 80 mA stored high polarization beams is met routinely. Results of beam development for the BLAST commissioning runs in 2002 and 2003 are presented. New developments in beam diagnostic and spin manipulation are also presented.
A large-scale immuno-epidemiological simulation of influenza A epidemics

Background: Agent based models (ABM) are useful to explore population-level scenarios of disease spread and containment, but typically characterize infected individuals using simplified models of infection and symptoms dynamics. Adding more realistic models of individual infections and symptoms may help to create more realistic population level epidemic dynamics. Methods: Using an equation-based, host-level mathematical model of influenza A virus infection, we develop a function that expresses the dependence of infectivity and symptoms of an infected individual on initial viral load, age, and viral strain phenotype. We incorporate this response function in a population-scale agent-based model of influenza A epidemic to create a hybrid multiscale modeling framework that reflects both population dynamics and individualized host response to infection. Results: At the host level, we estimate parameter ranges using experimental data of H1N1 viral titers and symptoms measured in humans. By linearization of symptoms responses of the host-level model we obtain a map of the parameters of the model that characterizes clinical phenotypes of influenza infection and immune response variability over the population. At the population-level model, we analyze the effect of individualizing viral response in agent-based model by simulating epidemics across Allegheny County, Pennsylvania under both age-specific and age-independent severity assumptions. Conclusions: We present a framework for multi-scale simulations of influenza epidemics that enables the study of population-level effects of individual differences in infections and symptoms, with minimal additional computational cost compared to the existing population-level simulations.
Data detection and disjoint channel estimation over asynchronous CDMA flat Rayleigh fading channels

Motivated by the work of Wu and Duel-Hallen (1996) for synchronous code-division multiple access (CDMA) systems, this paper develops a scheme for combined data detection and channel estimation over asynchronous CDMA flat Rayleigh fading channels. The scheme combines the effective probabilistic data association approach for multiuser detection (MUD) with simple, disjoint, decision-directed Kalman channel estimators. Computer simulations show that the strategy is effective in tracking the channel and offers low bit-error rates (BER) for differentially encoded data.
Spine Core Knowledge in Orthopaedics

Alexander R. Vaccaro, editor. Philadelphia: Elsevier Mosby; 2005. 480 pages. $99.00. Dr. Vaccaro is a well-known spine surgeon who has edited and published an extremely informative, well-organized, and well-illustrated text dealing with the diagnosis and treatment, both nonoperative and surgical, of disorders of the spine. The attractiveness of this …
Fulminant Peripheral Neuropathy with Severe Quadriparesis Associated with Vincristine Therapy

OBJECTIVE:To report a case of fulminant neuropathy with severe quadriparesis associated with vincristine chemotherapy.CASE SUMMARY: A 48-year-old white man with acute lymphoblastic leukemia was started on an induction chemotherapeutic regimen that included intravenous vincristine. He received a total of 6 mg of vincristine over two weeks during induction chemotherapy. Over the next two weeks, he developed a fulminant peripheral neuropathy with severe quadriparesis.DISCUSSION: Although commonly associated with peripheral neuropathy, vincristine neurotoxicity only rarely involves instances of fulminant peripheral neuropathy with severe quadriparesis. Guillain-Barre syndrome is also associated with leukemia and may present as a fulminant peripheral neuropathy with severe quadriparesis.CONCLUSIONS:Fulminant neuropathy with severe quadriparesis occurring in patients with leukemia being treated with vincristine (and who do not have coexistent Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease) is more likely due to Guillain-Barre syn...
Spilka's Impact on the Psychological Study of the Concepts of God

Spilka, Amatas, and Nussbaum published “The Concept of God: A Factor-Analytic Approach” in 1964. As each decade has passed it has been cited more frequently. The measurement technique has been adaptable to numerous situations and topics. The literature citing this work ranges from studies of how groups differ in conceptualization of God to studies of developmental issues to psychological adjustment, with significant and meaningful correlations in every area. The research growing from this seminal article reinforces the rationale that concepts of God are of central importance to the study of how religion develops and how it impacts people.
A collaborative partnership to enhance school-based tobacco control policies in West Virginia

Abstract Introduction: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Guidelines for School Health Programs to Prevent Tobacco Use and Addiction were developed, in part, to help state and local education agencies implement effective school-based tobacco control programs. This paper: (1) reports on school tobacco policies, one facet of a larger investigation conducted to examine the consistency between WV’s school-based tobacco control policies and programs and the CDC Tobacco Guidelines and (2) describes the impact this investigation had on state policy in WV. Methods: A content analysis was conducted on all (n = 55) county tobacco policies using a coding protocol developed by the authors. This protocol was designed to enable judgment about whether the county policies addressed particular elements specified in the CDC Tobacco Guidelines. Additionally, data about school-level policies, collected from a telephone survey of a sample of school principals (n = 421), are presented. Since the purpose of the needs assessment was to describe current practice, frequencies were computed for both the county and school-level analyses. Results: Both county- and school-level tobacco policies were found lacking in many of the elements recommended in CDC’s Tobacco Guidelines, particularly in the areas of enforcement procedures and access to cessation programs. Conclusions: Two major outcomes resulted from this needs assessment: (1) the WV State Board of Education’s Tobacco Control Policy was revised to be more consistent with CDC’s Tobacco Guidelines and (2) increased attention is now being focused on providing cessation options for WV schools.
Data based modeling and control of a dual-stage actuator hard disk drive

A data-based approach is presented for modeling and controller design of a dual-stage servo actuator in a hard disk drive. The servo actuator in this hard disk drive consists of a conventional voice coil motor and a piezo-electrically actuated suspension. A weighted Hankel matrix based realization algorithm that uses frequency domain data is applied to estimate a discrete-time model of the voice coil motor and the piezoelectric actuator. Based on the discrete-time models, different dual-stage track-following controllers were designed using classic and H ∞ loop shaping techniques. The controllers were implemented in real-time in the investigated hard disk drive. A stable feedback control and good agreement between measurement and simulated results show the promising result of data based modeling and control.
Nonlinear optical properties of GaSb and GaInAsSb and their application for phase conjugation in degenerate four-wave mixing

The nonlinear optical properties of, and phase conjugation in, the bulk semiconductor GaSb were investigated at 2.1 µm by use of the Z-scan and the degenerate four-wave mixing techniques. Measurements were also carried out near the fundamental bandgap of the quaternary compound Ga0.87In0.13As0.11Sb0.89. Z-scan measurements as a function of sample temperature, in conjunction with theoretical modeling, identified the predominant sources of the medium nonlinearity to be nonequilibrium free carriers generated through two-photon absorption in GaSb, while it is saturation of real transitions near the fundamental band edge in Ga0.87In0.13As0.11Sb0.89 that was identified as the primary cause of this nonlinearity. Degenerate four-wave mixing phase-conjugate reflectivity of as much as 14% has been achieved in GaSb.
Men in traditional and nontraditional careers: Gender role attitudes, gender role conflict, and job satisfaction.

Men established in traditional (mechanical engineering, n = 100) and nontraditional (elementary school counseling, n = 100) careers were compared on their career compromise choices (sex type vs. prestige), adherence to masculinity ideology, gender role conflict, and job satisfaction. The engineers tended to choose sex type over prestige; the school counselors indicated a clear preference for prestige. The engineers reported more traditional gender role attitudes. The gender role variables had little predictive value for the career compromise choices. The Gender Role Conflict Scale (J. M. O'Neil, B. J. Helms, R. K. Gable, L. David, & L. S. Wrightsman, 1986) Conflict Between Work and Family Relations subscale predicted job satisfaction for both groups.
Isolation and Characterization of New Alleles of the Cyclin- Dependent Kinase Gene CDC28 with Cyclin-Specific Functional and Biochemical Defects

The G1 cyclin Cln2 negatively regulates the mating-factor pathway. In a genetic screen to identify factors required for this regulation, we identified an allele of CDC28 (cdc28-csr1) that blocked this function of Cln2. Cln2 immunoprecipitated from cdc28-csr1 cells was completely defective in histone H1 kinase activity, due to defects in Cdc28 binding and activation by Cln2. In contrast, Clb2-associated H1 kinase and Cdc28 binding was normal in immunoprecipitates from these cells. cdc28-csr1 was significantly deficient in other aspects of genetic interaction with Cln2. The cdc28-csr1 mutation was determined to be Q188P, in the T loop distal to most of the probable Cdk-cyclin interaction regions. We performed random mutagenesis of CDC28 to identify additional alleles incapable of causing CLN2-dependent mating-factor resistance but capable of complementing cdc28 temperature-sensitive and null alleles. Two such mutants had highly defective Cln2-associated kinase, but, surprisingly, two other mutants had levels of Cln2-associated kinase near to wild-type levels. We performed a complementary screen for CDC28 mutants that could cause efficient Cln2-dependent mating-factor resistance but not complement a cdc28 null allele. Most such mutants were found to alter residues essential for kinase activity; the proteins had little or no associated kinase activity in bulk or in association with Cln2. Several of these mutants also functioned in another assay for CLN2-dependent function not involving the mating-factor pathway, complementing the temperature sensitivity of a cln1 cln3 cdc28-csr1 strain. These results could indicate that Cln2-Cdc28 kinase activity is not directly relevant to some CLN2-mediated functions. Mutants of this sort should be useful in differentiating the function of Cdc28 complexed with different cyclin regulatory subunits.
An Examination of Emerging Adulthood in College Students and Nonstudents in India.

The study examined Indian college students and nonstudents aged 18 to 26 to examine (a) whether they feel they are adults (i.e., "age of feeling in-between"), (b) the criteria they deem necessary for becoming adults, and (c) the extent to which they feel optimistic about their future (e.g., "age of possibilities"). Participants included 478 college students in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India and 100 nonstudents from rural villages surrounding Coimbatore. Results revealed that the majority of the 18- to 26-year-olds studied felt that they had achieved adulthood. Participants emphasized attributes needed to fulfill family roles as characteristics necessary for adulthood. Differences in optimism levels were found between students and nonstudents. The unique cultural and structural influences in India, such as Hinduism, caste, gendered socialization, and the educational system, are discussed as possible explanations for the unique findings.
M-ZDOCK: a grid-based approach for Cn symmetric multimer docking

Summary: Computational protein docking is a useful technique for gaining insights into protein interactions. We have developed an algorithm M-ZDOCK for predicting the structure of cyclically symmetric (Cn) multimers based on the structure of an unbound (or partially bound) monomer. Using a grid-based Fast Fourier Transform approach, a space of exclusively symmetric multimers is searched for the best structure. This leads to improvements both in accuracy and running time over the alternative, which is to run a binary docking program ZDOCK and filter the results for near-symmetry. The accuracy is improved because fewer false positives are considered in the search, thus hits are not as easily overlooked. By searching four instead of six degrees of freedom, the required amount of computation is reduced. This program has been tested on several known multimer complexes from the Protein DataBank, including four unbound multimers: three trimers and a pentamer. For all of these cases, M-ZDOCK was able to find at least one hit, whereas only two of the four testcases had hits when using ZDOCK and a symmetry filter. In addition, the running times are 30--40% faster for M-ZDOCK. Availability: M-ZDOCK is freely available to academic users at http://zlab.bu.edu/m-zdock/ Contact: zhiping@bu.edu Supplementary information: http://zlab.bu.edu/m-zdock
Principal Component Analysis of Wind Profiler Observations

Abstract Principal component analysis (PCA) is applied to wind profiler observations to study the vertical profile of the wind field and its temporal evolution. The rationale for decomposing time–height wind profiler data using PCA is twofold. The orthogonal vertical profile vectors are determined empirically from the variance of the observations, and the time evolutions of these vectors are not simple sinusoids, but are temporal varying signals that can be directly related to other measurements. As an example of its utility, PCA is used to compare the annual and interannual variation of zonal wind measured with a 50-MHz VHF wind profiler above Christmas Island, Kiribati, with the difference between surface pressures measured at Tahiti, French Polynesia, and Darwin, Australia. The high correlation coefficients relate the vertical profile of zonal wind observed in the central Pacific with the variation of convection in the western Pacific. Complex PCA (C-PCA) allows the analysis of data consisting of ampli...
Human Migration and Spatial Synchrony: Spatial Patterns in Temporal Trends

In some ways, demographic research is changing as a result of the availability of new forms of data and the computational ability to deal with such data. In the past, analytical methods that include both spatial and temporal components have been lacking. However, this is no longer the case. As an illustration I introduce spatial synchrony for human demography using migration data from a demographic surveillance system in rural Thailand. The method is borrowed from population ecology and can be used to analyze spatial correlations in time series data. I finish the chapter by discussing new forms of data which require some new ways to approach data from theoretical, computational, and ethical considerations.
Edith Stein on Autism

By the mid-1920s of the past century, Edmund Husserl had established that empathy was the act whereby the infant became a child. Empathy brought the child into the intersubjective world of others, the personal world of Ideen II. In 1916, Edith Stein wrote the book on empathy, with Husserl as her director. If persons with Autistic Syndrome Disorders (ASD) are on that spectrum because they do not provide behavioral evidence of empathic acts, they have not constituted the world of persons. However, as I have shown in earlier work, high-functioning persons with autism or Asperger’s Syndrome do participate in the shared world of objects (Ideen I) as well as symbiotic relations with pre-others. Empathy presents the ceiling as well as the telos of autism. Stein’s early work describes the necessary conditions for empathic meanings, which yield knowledge of the individual other. This paper explores how Stein’s analysis has an impact on an appropriate understanding of ASD.
Dispersion insensitive demodulation using spectral symmetry of real-valued signals

A chromatic dispersion insensitive demodulation for real-valued signals (e.g. binary shift keying and 4 amplitude shift keying) is proposed. This method utilises the symmetric spectrum of the signals and can be implemented simply in feed-forward manner. Its feasibility is confirmed by simulations and experiments.
Ridge augmentation comparing a cancellous block allograft to freeze dried bone particles and utilizing an acellular dermal matrix barrier membrane.

RIDGE AUGMENTATION COMPARING A CANCELLOUS BLOCK ALLOGRAFT TO FREEZE DRIED BONE PARTICLES AND UTILIZING AN ACELLULAR DERMAL MATRIX BARRIER MEMBRANE Brenton Lahey, DMD
Setting Rational MAC-Based Limits Part I—Reassessing the Carryover Criterion

SUMMARY The maximum acceptable carryover (MAC) criterion is widely used to set cleaning validation limits for contaminants. It is based on the assumption that all the residual contaminants in the cleaned equipment will carryover into the next batch that is manufactured in that equipment. Thus, the MAC criterion is based on a worst-case mass balance (WCMB) for the contaminant. This article demonstrates that the conventional approach for setting cleaning validation limits is far more conservative than a WCMB. Consequently, it leads to acceptance criteria that are much more stringent than necessary. This often results in cleaning validation limits that are impractical to achieve. Additionally, in some instances the acceptance criteria can be well below the limit of quantitation (LOQ) of the analytical method. An alternate approach for setting rational cleaning validation limits based on the MAC criterion and WCMB is described. The limits are used to derive more meaningful acceptance criteria for cleaning validation samples. For a typical pharmaceutical process, limits based on the proposed approach are shown to be about an order of magnitude higher than those based on the conventional approach. An important benefit of setting rational MACbased limits is that higher acceptance criteria for cleaning validation samples can be justified. With higher acceptance criteria, it is possible to replace complex product-specific assays with relatively simple non-specific assays such as total organic carbon (TOC).
0102 A Retrospective Cohort Mortality Study of US Phosphate Industry Workers: An Update

Objectives To evaluate the mortality experience among all workers (n = 3199) employed at a phosphate fertiliser plant in central Florida beginning 1953 and followed through 2005. Method All-cause, all-cancers, and cause-specific standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated with the U. S. population as referent. Lung cancer and leukaemia risks were further evaluated using conditional logistic regression. Employment duration was used as an exposure surrogate for dose-response analyses. Results The mortality due to all causes combined (SMR=1.07, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.01–1.13, observed deaths n = 1124), lung cancer (SMR=1.25, 95% CI=1.04–1.49, n = 122), leukaemia (SMR=1.76, 95% CI=1.02–2.81, n = 17), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (SMR=1.45, 95% CI=1.09–1.89, n = 54) were significantly elevated. All-cancer mortality was elevated (SMR=1.09, 95% CI=0.97–1.22, n = 303) but not statistically significant for the cohort. Dose-response modelling with adjustments for gender and race did not show statistically significant associations between employment duration (in years) and lung cancer (Odds Ratio (OR)=0.99, 95% CI=0.97–1.02) or leukaemia (OR=1.01, 95% CI=0.96–1.06) mortality. Conclusions Findings are suggestive of increased lung cancer and leukaemia mortality from exposures encountered in the phosphate fertiliser industry. Increased employment duration, however, did not have significant associations with increased lung cancer or leukaemia mortality.
Autonomous Platforms in the Arctic Observing Network

Autonomous platforms (e.g. floats, ice-based observatories, (IBOs) and gliders) can contribute scalable, flexible elements to the Arctic Observing Network (AON), providing access to remote, icecovered regions and enabling persistent, sustained sampling and broad spatial coverage of the deep basins, marginal ice zone, shallow boundaries and gateways. Floats, gliders and IBOs excel at providing year-round measurements over extended (years) time periods, while their relatively modest per-platform operating costs permit deployment in quantities that are large enough to provide unprecedented spatial coverage. These platforms can be efficiently operated in large numbers and employ operating modes and logistics that can readily respond to evolving observational priorities. Autonomous instruments can be used in tandem with conventional approaches to create a sustainable AON that retains the ability to adapt to rapidly evolving environmental conditions and advances in understanding that drive shifts in observational priorities. The flexibility provided by autonomous approaches will also help the AON balance between the long-term needs of climate studies and the short-term demands of providing relevant data products to Arctic stakeholders. Recent IPY (International Polar Year) successes with autonomous technologies, such as the International Arctic Buoy Program’s Pan-Arctic array, the IBO array and under-ice navigation and operation of autonomous gliders at regional scales, place the community in a position to contemplate wider adoption, though significant hurdles remain. Challenges include development of a basin-scale acoustic navigation and communications network, development of miniaturized, energy-efficient biogeochemical sensors suitable for long-term autonomous deployment and international coordination, both for support and for broad access that spans the EEZs (Exclusive Economic Zones) of the Arctic nations. The AON should exploit autonomous technologies and foster their development for Arctic applications, with an eye toward using these systems as key building blocks for the construction of a sustainable, long-term observing system.
Interspecific variation in ovariole number in melanopline grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae)

Ovariole number is useful in quantifying the reproductive potential of grasshoppers, because the number of eggs in a pod is equal to or less than the number of ovarioles. Ovariole number was determined for 10 species of melanopline grasshoppers. Regression analysis showed that interspecific variation in ovariole number is due to body size ( r 2 = 0.93). Body size and ovariole number are associated with length of the growing season, which was found to be a function of elevation.
The Generalized Polygonal Cycloid

(1988). The Generalized Polygonal Cycloid. The College Mathematics Journal: Vol. 19, No. 5, pp. 417-419.
The safety and efficacy of nivolumab for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Despite a variety of therapies for advanced advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, outcomes for these patients are still not optimal. Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors such as nivolumab, a fully human immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 PD-1 inhibitor antibody, is a promising development in RCC and provides a new therapeutic option for patients with advanced disease.Areas Covered: This article reviews safety and efficacy data from the phase I, II, and III clinical trials that have led to the approval of nivolumab for the treatment of patients with advanced RCC who have previously been treated with VEGF-directed therapy.Expert Commentary: Given the overall survival advantage with nivolumab compared to previously approved therapy, nivolumab is a new standard of care in the second-line setting for patients with advanced RCC. Additional studies are u...
Efficacy of treatment of pediatric rotavirus enteritis with Anisodamine,Phenergan and Hydrochlorothiazide jointly

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of treatment of pediatric rotavirus enteritis with Anisodamine,Phenergan and Hydrochlorothiazide jointly.Methods:193 cases of pediatric rotavirus enteritis were randomly divided into 84 cases of the control group and 109 cases of the observation group.The comprehensive treatment includes adjusting the diet,antivirus,maintening the water and electrolyte balance was given to the control group;the Anisodamine,Phenergan and Hydrochlorothiazide oral-treatment was added to the observation group additionally.Results:The total effective rate of the observation group was 97.0%,it was significantly higher than 79.8% of the control group,there were significant differences between two groups(P0.01).Conclusion:The efficacy of the Anisodamine,Phenergan and Hydrochlorothiazide combination-therapy is accurate,the therapy is convenient,safe and worth learning.
Translation of Trade Marks for Export Commodities in the Bilateral Sino-Foreign Communications

Foreign cultural elements and consumption psychology should be fully considered in the translation of trade marks due to the cultural differences.Nice and special commodity images should be obtained in the publicity of national culture and commodity characteristics.Cross-cultural communication is dynamic,and trade mark translation should follow such a dynamic trend.
Development of a frequency regulation duty-cycle for standardized energy storage performance testing

Abstract The US DOE Protocol for uniformly measuring and expressing the performance of energy storage systems, first developed in 2012 through inclusive working group activities, provides standardized methodologies for evaluating an energy storage system's ability to supply specific services to electrical grids. This article elaborates on the data and decisions behind the duty-cycle used for frequency regulation in this protocol. Analysis of a year of publicly available frequency regulation control signal data from a utility was considered in developing the representative signal for this use case. This showed that signal standard deviation can be used as a metric for aggressiveness or rigor. From these data, we select representative 2 h long signals that exhibit nearly all of dynamics of actual usage under two distinct regimens, one for average use and the other for highly aggressive use. These results were combined into a 24-h duty-cycle comprised of average and aggressive segments. The benefits and drawbacks of the selected duty-cycle are discussed along with its potential implications to the energy storage industry.
Effects of Various Estrogenic Preparations

Abstract 1.1. Forty-one women were treated with one or more injections of equivalent amounts of seven estrogenic preparations to a total of 57 tests. In thirty-nine tests, changes occurred in the vaginal mucosa; of these, however, seven were difficult to evaluate in relation to the administration of the estrogen. No objective response followed any of the remaining eighteen injections. 2.2. Free estrone, free estradiol, and the benzoic acid and dipropionic acid esters of the latter were the estrogens employed in these tests. Estrone was given in doses of 4 mg. and each estradiol preparation in amounts of 1 mg. per injection. Estrone was used as an equeous suspension only. Free estradiol was similarly employed, and also as a solution in propylene glycol and sesame oil, respectively. Estradiol dipropionate was prepared as a solution in sesame oil only; the benzoate was administered in menstrua of peanut oil and propylene glycol, respectively. 3.3. Daily vaginal smears were taken for a control period of approximately one week prior to therapy and for an average period of ten days thereafter. Approximately 900 smears were studied. 4.4. The average lag-time (hours between injection and vaginal response) for each preparation was as follows: estradiol dipropionate in sesame oil, 88; estradiol benzoate in peanut oil, 90; estradiol in aqueous suspension, 90; estrone in aqueous suspension, 100; estradiol in sesame oil, 108; estradiol in propylene glycol, 114; and estradiol benzoate in propylene glycol (one case), 120. 5.5. The average duration in hours of the vaginal response initiated by estradiol dipropionate in sesame oil was 100; by estradiol benzoate in peanut oil, 82; by estradiol in sesame oil, 36; by estradiol in propylene glycol, 120; by estradiol in aqueous suspension, 109; and by estrone in aqueous suspension, 110. 6.6. The degree of follicular activity varied widely with the preparation used and from subject to subject, but in any given instance, was directly proportional to the duration of the vaginal changes. 7.7. Climacteric patients reported symptomatic relief starting one to three days following injection and persisting for from three to ten days thereafter.
Some important aspects of neonatal nursing related to pulmonary disease and family involvement.

Pulmonary therapy, with emphasis on postural drainage procedures. Emotional development of the sick infant and involvement of the family in his care.
DNA Vaccines: A Strategy for Developing Novel Multivalent TB Vaccines

Multivalent DNA vaccines that are delivered by electroporation (EP) through muscle tissue provide a novel method for eliciting immunity against tuberculosis (TB) as well as a broad range of diseases including HIV and cancers. Proper plasmid construction containing suitable protective TB antigens capable of evoking desired vaccine-induced responses would lead to the appropriate induction of both humoral and cellular immunity. DNA vaccines are safe and of low cost in comparison to traditional vaccines while also providing potentially effective prophylactic or therapeutic modalities against currently untreatable diseases. Here, we describe the steps for developing a rational multivalent TB DNA vaccine delivered with intramuscular EP in mice.
Clinoril® (Merck Sharp & Dohme)

Clinoril is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug also possessing analgesic and antipyretic activities. Its mode of action, like that of other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, is not known.
Overhead conductor dynamic thermal rating measurement and prediction

The integration of a power line sensor network (PLSN) has been proposed to monitor such a utility asset's status for maximizing existing power grid utilization with minimal risk of degradation and for extending the lifetime of said assets. Six USi Power Donut 2 (PD2) devices were used on 115kV transmission lines of a utility partner. The included sensors and wireless data communications system allow for the transmission of data pertinent to determining the ampacity of assets. Combined with techniques laid out in the IEEE 738 Standard, accurate temperature and ampacity predictions can be made, allowing operators to make informed decisions on line utilization.
From Ibn Ḥamdīs to Giufà: Leonardo Sciascia and the Writing of a Siculo-Arab Literary History

In this paper I argue that Leonardo Sciascia inscribes himself into a Siculo-Arab literary history, an inscription articulated through the historiographic metafiction of the novel Il Consiglio d’Egitto, the reception of the Sicilian poet of Arabic tongue Ibn Ḥamdīs, and the rewriting of a Giufa folktale. Influenced by the nineteenth-century Orientalist Michele Amari, Sciascia fashions Sicily’s Muslim past into a precursor of a Mediterranean modernity. Sciascia’s paradoxical vision of Arab Sicily is suspended between a fundamental historicism and an Orientalist essentialism, positing a Sicilian character that is both unchanging and the product of the island’s history of foreign invasions. The fictional investigations of Sicily’s Arab history provide Sciascia with an answer to the question of how one can be Sicilian, an answer that entails the responsibility of the historian, and the need to uncover a past that can guide us into an uncertain future.
William Penn's Writings: An Anniversary Essay

THIS autumn marks the three-hundredth anniversary of the bir h of William Penn, w ich occurr d, accor ing to our present way of reckoning dates, on October 24, 1644. Penn lived seventy-four years, and except for the last six, when mental and physical decay overtook him, he lived boldly, dangerously, and effectively. He was not one of that rare company of universal spirits whose achievements are the timeless truths of history, for he dwelt in the court, the council chamber, the market place, and even the jails rather than in the scholar's cloister or the philoso pher's den. He was of the world, worldly. His days were spent with issues, with men, with policies. He played the game of political intrigue with consummate skill and remarkable success;1 he devoted much of his energy to developing and defending his extensive private fortune, which he never ceased to regard as one of his major responsibilities; and like any mercantilist he looked upon government as a means of attaining material prosperity and national power. Yet supporting his worldliness was a complex and highly vocal spiritual life. Widely read, extensively educated, endowed with a keen in tellect, Penn regarded information and ideas as weapons rather than as ends, as tools rather than as products. He had no desire for philosophic detachment nor any intention of rising above con