cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Free Vibration Analysis of Integrally Stiffened Plates with Plate-Strip Stiffeners

We investigated the natural frequencies and mode shapes of a freely vibrating, integrally stiffened and/or stepped plate. The stiffeners used here were plate-strip stiffeners as opposed to the normally employed rib stiffeners. Both the plate and stiffeners were analyzed using the first-order shear deformation theory. The deflections and rotations were assumed as a tensor product of Timoshenko beam functions, chosen appropriately according to the given boundary conditions. Unlike Navier and Levy solution techniques, the approach used in this paper can also be applied to fully clamped, free, and cantilever supported stiffened plates. The governing differential equations were solved using the Rayleigh–Ritz method. The development of the stiffness and the mass matrices in the Ritz analysis was found to consume a huge amount of CPU time due to recursive integration of Timoshenko beam functions. An approach is suggested to greatly decrease this amount of CPU time, by replacing the recursive integration in a loo...
Genetics of Obesity

Genetic contributions to the clinical risks of obesity or Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are multifactorial. Rare, inborn errors of adipocyte and lipid metabolism have provided insights, which are clinically relevant to the more common variants of obesity and T2DM.
The Legal Entrenchment of Illegality

This paper concerns systematic practices by public officials that are clearly unlawful, not hidden from view, and tolerated for many years. Such a “legal entrenchment of illegality” characterized America’s Jim Crow period, from the 1890s to the 1960s, especially in the former slave states, where the rape, assault and murder of African Americans, police brutality, procedural bias, and anti-black pogroms were tolerated or engaged in by officials. The related cynicism of officials is illustrated by a review of Supreme Court decisions that undermined the legal framework for the post-Civil War “reconstruction” of the former slave states. This paper also shows how the legal entrenchment of illegality required officials to embrace an incoherent and unstable set of attitudes towards law, which was incompatible with Hart’s legal theory as originally presented, but was compatible with its final form.
Response to Johnson K, Johnson D. Letter to the editor: In reference to clinical guidelines for the manual titration of positive airway pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. J Clin Sleep Med 2008;4:610

The authors of the Positive Airway Pressure Titration Task Force of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) thank Drs. Karin Johnson and Douglas Johnson for their review1 of the AASM’s recently published clinical guidelines paper in the Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine.2 The task force members agree with Drs. Johnson and Johnson that intolerance of high PAP levels may be addressed more economically with pressure waveform modification, rather than utilizing a more expensive BPAP device. However, BPAP is indicated for this specific problem, and pressure waveform modification technologies, though promising, have limited published evidence for patient acceptance and utilization at this point. The task force very much appreciates the opportunity to respond to these comments and we welcome further commentary.
COMPUTATIONS OF SUPERSONIC FLOW OVER A COMPLEX ELLIPTICAL MISSILE CONFIGURATION

This paper describes a computational study undertaken to compute the aerodynamics of a complex non-axisymmetric missile with elliptic cross-sections. Numerical solutions have been obtained at a supersonic speed for various angles of attack and side-slip angles using a finite-volume unstructured Navier-Stokes computational technique. Turbulence closure has been provided by a two-equation Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) turbulence model. Numerical results show the qualitative features (vortices and cross-flow separation regions) of the flow field at various streamwise positions along the missile configuration. Aerodynamic coefficients have been obtained from the computed solutions and found to match well with the available experimental data for these configurations. These numerical results show the ability of computational fluid dynamics technique to generate the aerodynamic coefficients rapidly and accurately predict the aerodynamics of a complex nonaxisymmetric missile configuration with elliptic cross-sections.
Sow behavioral responses to transient, chemically induced synovitis lameness

AbstractThe objective was to determine behavioral changes when sows were induced lame using this chemical synovitis model. Twenty-three multiparous, non-pregnant sows were compared during lame and non-lame states. Behavior was recorded over three days. Seven behaviors (foraging, drinking, standing, sitting, sternal and lateral lying) and three locations (drinker, home pen and feed bunk) were recorded. Observations of sows drinking, standing, lying sternal and being in the drinker location decreased after induction. Lying lateral frequency, regardless of side, increased after sows were induced lame. Frequency in the home pen location increased, but no differences were observed for feed bunk location after sows were induced lame. The induced lame foot had no observed effect on lying side preference. By the end of the round, all behavioral and location frequencies returned to baseline levels. Standing, lying and drinking frequencies seem to be promising sow behavioral tools when transitioning from sound to l...
INCIDENCE AND OUTCOME OF PERICARDIAL EFFUSION IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS UNDERGOING STEM CELL TRANSPLANT

Pericardial effusion (PE) is a known complication after stem cell transplant (SCT) with echocardiography being used as the primary screening tool for diagnosis. Limited data is currently available regarding the incidence and outcomes of PE in pediatric SCT. We conducted a retrospective review of a
Tests on solidifying point of Zn & Sn, water three-phase point for a new type standard verification equipment of platinum resistance thermometer

The construction, principle, and verification course of a new type standard calibration equipment of platinum resistance thermometer was introduced .Its using feature and reliability was also checked up, and the tested results were given as well.
Non-surgical treatment of locally advanced thymic epithelial tumors—a need for multicenter trials

Thymic epithelial tumors (TET) are rare neoplasms that usually occur in the prevascular mediastinum. Complete resection has been shown to be a favorable prognostic parameter for TET (1-4). Resectability of these tumors usually depends on their size and stage with reported rates of complete resection ranging between 100% for Masaoka stage I and 0–78% for stage IV tumors (1,3). In unresectable or not completely resectable TET, the effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiation might increase the chance of complete resection. Reportedly, complete resection has been achieved in 57% to 80% of TET following chemotherapy (5-7), 90.5% following radiation therapy (8) and 77% to 80% following chemoradiation (9,10). However, these studies were small including only 10 to 21 patients. Furthermore, while some studies included only patients with thymoma, others included both thymomas and thymic carcinomas. In addition, these studies did not compare the efficacy of different treatment modalities.
Design issues for time sliced optical burst routers

We study the design of components required to build Time Sliced Optical Burst Switched (TSOBS) Routers. We present a cost analysis of TSOBS routers showing that TSOBS routers can potentially become cost-competitive with electronic routers.
“Outsiders with Deep Pockets”: The Nationalization of Local School Board Elections:

Recent election cycles have seen growing attention to the role of “outside” money in urban school board elections. Using an original data set of more than 16,000 contributions covering election cycles from 2008 to 2013 in four school districts (Los Angeles, CA; New Orleans, LA; Denver, CO; Bridgeport, CT), we show how large national donors play a significant role. Our study links two dynamic fields that are rarely studied together: (1) the behavior of wealthy donors in a changing national campaign finance system and (2) the evolving politics of urban education. By examining donor networks, we illuminate the mechanisms behind the nationalization of education politics and national donor involvement in local campaigns. We show that shared affiliations through education organizations are significantly associated with school board campaign contributions.
Breaking Malus’ law: Highly efficient, broadband, and angular robust asymmetric light transmitting metasurface

High efficiency, broad bandwidth, and robust angular tolerance are key considerations in photonic device design. Here, a few-layer, asymmetric light transmitting metasurface that simultaneously satisfies all the above requirements is reported. The metasurface consists of coupled metallic sheets. It has a measured transmission efficiency of 80%, extinction ratio of 13.8 dB around 1.5 μm, and a full width half maximum bandwidth of 1.7 μm. It is as thin as 290 nm, has good performance tolerance against the angle of incidence and constituent nano-structure geometry variations. This work demonstrates a practical asymmetric light transmission device with optimal performance for large scale manufacturing.
Assessing Acute Mental Status: Basic Laboratory Findings

The onset of encephalopathy may be difficult to detect on the rehabilitation floor for a variety of reasons. The rehabilitation patient’s premorbid cognition may be unknown making it difficult to detect decline or subtle changes in a patient’s mental status may be masked by their acute illness (e.g., cognitive slowing after stroke may mask a metabolic deficiency). However, there are several causes of encephalopathy which may be elucidated through laboratory analysis. This chapter is intended to assist clinicians in the diagnosis of reversible causes of encephalopathy using basic laboratory findings.
Chronic Toxic Metal Exposure and Cardiovascular Disease: Mechanisms of Risk and Emerging Role of Chelation Therapy

Over the last few decades, there has been a growing body of epidemiologic evidence linking chronic toxic metal exposure to cardiovascular disease-related morbidity and mortality. The recent and unexpectedly positive findings from a randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial of metal chelation for the secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy (TACT)) have focused the discussion on the role of chronic exposure to toxic metals in the development and propagation of cardiovascular disease and the role of toxic metal chelation therapy in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. This review summarizes the most recent evidence linking chronic toxic metal exposure to cardiovascular disease and examines the findings of TACT.
A light Z′ for the RK puzzle and nonstandard neutrino interactions

Abstract We show that the R K puzzle in LHCb data and the discrepancy in the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon can be simultaneously explained if a 10 MeV mass Z ′ boson couples to the muon but not the electron, and that clear evidence of the nonstandard matter interactions of neutrinos induced by this coupling may be found at DUNE.
Amenities and the Growth of Good US Jobs

This chapter investigates the effects of amenities—that is, attractive features that make a place more desirable to households and businesses—on the economic development of US regions. Gabe examines the impacts of pleasant weather, low crime, and businesses that provide “fun things to do” (e.g., recreation and arts, restaurants and bars, and music and book stores). Information presented in the chapter shows that warm and dry weather conditions support the growth of good jobs, but the other amenities considered do not have much of an impact on the economic development of the US metropolitan areas. To explain these findings, Gabe examines the large amounts that people are willing to pay—either through low wages or high housing costs—to live in amenity-rich areas.
Implementation of Active Cooperative Learning and Problem-based Learning in an Undergraduate Astrodynamics Course

Recent years have shown a fundamental shift in undergraduate engineering education from lecture-based teaching methods to using more learner-centered approaches, specifically Active Cooperative Learning (ACL) and Problem-Based Learning (PBL) methodologies. ACL and PBL techniques have been identified by ABET as a pedagogical approach to promote learning outcomes. ACL and PBL techniques are widely known to be a motivating, student-centered strategy that foster student initiative and focuses the students on realworld, open-ended projects that can increase their motivation. Research from literature shows that ACL and PBL improves student knowledge and retention, motivation, problem-solving skills, and the ability to skillfully apply knowledge in new situations. This paper addresses the implementation of various ACL and PBL techniques and methodologies in the undergraduate Astrodynamics course in the Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering program at our university. These techniques were implemented during Spring 2013 semester. The paper will provide details of various ACL and PBL techniques and methodologies that were implemented. The paper will also present the approach used taking into account aspects like problem definition, progressive disclosure of problem requirements, timeline, lectures, student assessment, student evaluation, and student experience. Finally, results from course survey conducted to assess the student feedback and perception of implementing these techniques will be presented.
Circling Dantò’s daughter: Reflections on Lenelle Moïse’s performances of shamelessness

This essay examines the poetry and performance work of Lenelle Moise and how Vodou enables her to “circle the cosmograms,” to (re)turn to Haiti vis-a-vis (re)turning to Haitian Vodou as a philosophical and aesthetic ethos. The author combines her own visceral responses to Moise’s poetry, memories of her first encounters with the artist, and an analysis of her poems “Kissed There Myself” and “Rada Raincoat” to forward a reading of Moise's work that embraces “shamelessness” in her return to Vodou as a second-generation, queer, Haitian-American woman. The author thereby positions Vodou as a spiritual and aesthetic platform for (re)connecting to Haiti and Haitian Vodou culture.
A Simplification of the Hartree-Fock Method

It is shown that the Hartree-Fock equations can be regarded as ordinary Schr\"odinger equations for the motion of electrons, each electron moving in a slightly different potential field, which is computed by electrostatics from all the charges of the system, positive and negative, corrected by the removal of an exchange charge, equal in magnitude to one electron, surrounding the electron whose motion is being investigated. By forming a weighted mean of the exchange charges, weighted and averaged over the various electronic wave functions at a given point of space, we set up an average potential field in which we can consider all of the electrons to move, thus leading to a great simplification of the Hartree-Fock method, and bringing it into agreement with the usual band picture of solids, in which all electron are assumed to move in the same field. We can further replace the average exchange charge by the corresponding value which we should have in a free-electron gas whose local density is equal to the density of actual charge at the position in question; this results in a very simple expression for the average potential field, which still behaves qualitatively like that of the Hartree-Fock method. This simplified field is being applied to problems in atomic structure, with satisfactory results, and is adapted as well to problems of molecules and solids.
Racial diversity, immigrants and the well-being of residents: evidence from US counties

This paper presents empirical evidence that racial diversity and immigrant population at the local level tend to be associated with lower life satisfaction for Whites by matching individual data with the county-level population data during the period 2005–2010. The magnitudes I find suggest that a ten-percentage-point increase in the share of the non-White population (approximately one half of a standard deviation) is associated with 0.006 and 0.007 points reduction in life satisfaction on a four-point scale for White men and White women, respectively. For White men, this effect appears to be driven by the percentage of the population that is Black. I also find that a ten-percentage-point increase in the percentage of the immigrant population (approximately 2 standard deviations) is associated with 0.009 and 0.021 points reduction in life satisfaction for White men and White women, respectively. The percentage of the non-White population seems to reduce older Whites’ life satisfaction more than that of younger Whites. Though the scale of the findings relating to the impact of local racial compositions and immigrant population is relatively modest, the findings may pose a challenge in the coming years as the percentage of the population that is non-White rises in the USA.
The replication and transcription activator of murine gammaherpesvirus 68 cooperatively enhances cytokine-activated, STAT3-mediated gene expression

Gammaherpesviruses (γHVs) have a dynamic strategy for lifelong persistence, involving productive infection, latency, and intermittent reactivation. In latency reservoirs, such as B lymphocytes, γHVs exist as viral episomes and express few viral genes. Although the ability of γHV to reactivate from latency and re-enter the lytic phase is challenging to investigate and control, it is known that the γHV replication and transcription activator (RTA) can promote lytic reactivation. In this study, we provide first evidence that RTA of murine γΗV68 (MHV68) selectively binds and enhances the activity of tyrosine-phosphorylated host STAT3. STAT3 is a transcription factor classically activated by specific tyrosine 705 phosphorylation (pTyr705-STAT3) in response to cytokine stimulation. pTyr705-STAT3 forms a dimer that avidly binds a consensus target site in the promoters of regulated genes, and our results indicate that RTA cooperatively enhances the ability of pTyr705-STAT3 to induce expression of a STAT3-responsive reporter gene. As indicated by coimmunoprecipitation, in latently infected B cells that are stimulated to reactivate MHV68, RTA bound specifically to endogenous pTyr705-STAT3. An in vitro binding assay confirmed that RTA selectively recognizes pTyr705-STAT3 and indicated that the C-terminal transactivation domain of RTA was required for enhancing STAT3-directed gene expression. The cooperation of these transcription factors may influence both viral and host genes. During MHV68 de novo infection, pTyr705-STAT3 promoted the temporal expression of ORF59, a viral replication protein. Our results demonstrate that MHV68 RTA specifically recognizes and recruits activated pTyr705-STAT3 during the lytic phase of infection.
Positive Airway Pressure Therapy for Hyperventilatory Central Sleep Apnea: Idiopathic, Heart Failure, Cerebrovascular Disease, and High Altitude

Central sleep apnea (CSA) and Hunter-Cheyne-Stokes breathing (HCSB) are caused by failure of the pontomedullary pacemaker generating breathing rhythm. CSA/HCSB may complicate several disorders causing recurrent arousals and desaturations. Common causes of CSA in adults are congestive heart failure, stroke, and chronic use of opioids; opioids have hypoventilatory effects. Diagnosis and treatment of hyperventilatory CSA may improve quality of life, and, when associated with heart failure or cerebrovascular disease, reduce morbidity and perhaps mortality.
Effects of the friction stir welding process variants on residual stress

ABSTRACTA high-strength aerospace aluminium alloy, 25 mm thick plate, has been friction stir welded using four different process variants. The process variants used were stationary shoulder single pass, conventional shoulder single pass, stationary shoulder dual pass and conventional shoulder dual pass. The goal of the reported work was to investigate effects of different process variants on residual stress. Defect-free welds were produced by all process variants. Through thickness average, longitudinal, residual stress in both as-welded and post-weld heat-treated conditions is reported.
Notching up B-cell pathology in chronic GVHD.

In this issue of Blood , Poe et al identify the pathogenic and druggable B-cell receptor (BCR)–Notch axis as a feed-forward loop in patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD), providing a rationale and methods for its therapeutic targeting. 1
Satisfaction at last: evidence for the 'satisfaction' account for multiple-target search errors

Multiple-target visual searches, where several targets may be present within a single search array, are susceptible to Subsequent Search Miss (SSM) errors—a reduction in second target detection after a first target has been found (an effect previously called Satisfaction of Search). SSM errors occur in critical search settings (e.g., radiology and airport security screening), creating concerns for public safety. To eradicate SSM errors it is vital to understand their cause(s), and the current study investigated a key proposed mechanism—searchers prematurely terminate their search after finding a first target. This proposed mechanism, termed the satisfaction account, was proposed over 50 years ago but there are no conclusive supporting data to date. “Satisfaction” has been typically assessed by comparing the total time spent on multiple-target trials to the time spent on single-target trials or by examining if search was immediately terminated after finding a first target. The current study investigated the satisfaction account by exploring variability in the time participants spent searching between finding a first target and self-terminating their search without finding a second target. This individual differences approach revealed that accuracy on a multiple-target search task related to how long participants searched after finding a first target. The relationship was highly significant, even when accounting for variation in participants’ attentional vigilance. This study provides evidence for the previously elusive satisfaction account and it adds to the growing understanding that SSM errors are a multifaceted problem.
Using Expectancy Theory to quantitatively dissociate the neural representation of motivation from its influential factors in the human brain: An fMRI study

Researchers have yet to apply a formal operationalized theory of motivation to neurobiology that would more accurately and precisely define neural activity underlying motivation. We overcome this challenge with the novel application of the Expectancy Theory of Motivation to human fMRI to identify brain activity that explicitly reflects motivation. Expectancy Theory quantitatively describes how individual constructs determine motivation by defining motivation force as the product of three variables: expectancy - belief that effort will better performance; instrumentality - belief that successful performance leads to particular outcome, and valence - outcome desirability. Here, we manipulated information conveyed by reward-predicting cues such that relative cue-evoked activity patterns could be statistically mapped to individual Expectancy Theory variables. The variable associated with activity in any voxel is only reported if it replicated between two groups of healthy participants. We found signals in midbrain, ventral striatum, sensorimotor cortex, and visual cortex that specifically map to motivation itself, rather than other factors. This is important because, for the first time, it empirically clarifies approach motivation neural signals during reward anticipation. It also highlights the effectiveness of the application of Expectancy Theory to neurobiology to more precisely and accurately probe motivation neural correlates than has been achievable previously.
From health for all to universal health coverage: Alma Ata is still relevant.

With increasing adoption of universal health coverage (UHC), the health for all agenda is resurgent around the world. However, after a promising start the first time in 1978, the health for all agenda fizzled over the next decade. This commentary discusses the origin of the health for all agenda in the 1970s and the influence of global politico-economic forces in shaping that agenda, its demise and the resurgence in the form of UHC in the twenty-first century. We discuss UHC’s focus on finances and the increasing role of market economy in health care, and the opportunities and risks UHC poses. We conclude by saying that UHC’s greater focus on finances is prudent, but in order to achieve its promise, UHC needs to regulate the market based provision of healthcare, and incorporate more of the people and community centered ethos of its earlier iteration from 40 years ago.
Infant Heart Transplantation

The surgical management of hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), a congenital heart disease that is seen in nearly 2,000 neonates in North America each year, remains controversial. The initial report of palliative surgery for HLHS by Norwood, et al. in 1983 heralded modifications, advancements, and the development of a staged reconstructive surgery for this disease [1]. Leonard Bayley at Loma Linda University in 1986 described the use of neonatal cardiac transplantation for infants with hypoplastic left heart [2]. In the early 1980’s the results with staged reconstruction were poor and infant cardiac transplantation seemed a very desirable option. Transplantation would reestablish a normal physiology rapidly and potentially result in improved outcome over the staged operations that ultimately culminate in the Fontan operation (see chapters 6,8,9). The successes with neonatal and infant heart transplantation pioneered by Bayley resulted in early survival rates that were clearly superior to the staged reconstruction operations. Therefore, neonatal cardiac transplantation has been suggested by several institutions to be the surgical intervention of choice for hypo-plastic left heart syndrome, although donor shortage remains a problem for neonates awaiting transplantation. Although initially, the survival of neonates undergoing cardiac transplantation was clearly superior to those undergoing staged reconstruction, recent reports have shown that the progressive improvement in outcome for staged reconstruction has provided early outcomes that may be comparable for both surgical approaches.
3% Hypertonic saline following subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats

BACKGROUND Hypertonic saline (HTS) has been proposed as a treatment after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) to minimize ischemic brain injury due to its osmotic and rheologic properties. Although the benefits of 7.2% HTS use in brain injury have been studied, there is a paucity of data on the use of 3%HTS. METHODS We investigated whether 3%HTS can reduce brain water content and improve neurologic function after SAH in the rodent model compared to 0.9% saline solution (NS). Neurologic testing was conducted at 24 hours post-SAH prior to sacrificing animals for brain water content evaluation. FINDINGS There was significant potentiation of brain water content in the right hemisphere between 3%HTS and NS groups. The modified Garcia score was not significantly different between the two groups; however, the vibrissae-stimulated forelimb placement test showed significantly lower scores in the HTS group. 3%HTS does not decrease brain edema or improve neurologic deficits as compared to NS. In fact, our study showed 3%HTS potentiated brain edema and worsened neurologic deficits in the rat SAH model. CONCLUSIONS Given the potential adverse effects of HTS therapies, including hyperchloremic acidosis, and the lack of benefit found in our study, more investigation is required to evaluate the clinical use of 3%HTS in the setting of SAH.
Studies on a Cancer Associated Glycoprotein

Cancer-associated galactosyltransferase acceptor (CAGA) is a small glycoprotein purified from human malignant effusions that selectively kills transformed cells. CAGA was tritiated by reductive methylation in the presence of NaB3H4. CAGA-glycoprotein-sensitive cells [(baby-hamster kidney cells transformed by polyoma virus (BHKpy) and chick-embryo fibroblasts infected with Ts68 temperature-sensitive mutant of Rous sarcoma virus (CEF-RSV)] grown at 37° C, (the permissive temperature) bound 3- to 5-fold more 3H-labelled CAGA glycoprotein than did their CAGA-glycoprotein-resistant nontransformed counterparts. The CEF-RSV grown at 41° C (nonpermissive temperature) bound an intermediate amount of 3H-labelled CAGA glycoprotein; however, this intermediate amount appeared to be sufficient to induce inhibition of cell growth when the infected CEF treated at 41° C were switched to 37° C. 3H-Labelled CAGA glycoprotein bound to intact cells could be removed by trypsin treatment up to 4 hr after addition of the glycoprotein but not thereafter. This time course paralleled the decreasing reversibility of growth inhibition. Thus, binding appears to be a necessary but not a sufficient condition to induce cell killing. Growth inhibition appears to depend on internalization of the glycoprotein and the presence of a transformation-specific cell process. The effect of CAGA on incorporation of a variety of macromolecular precursors was also studied in transformed and nontransformed cells. Incorporation of [3H]mannose, [3H]galactose, and [3H]glucosamine into acid precipitable material after one-hour pulse was inhibited more than 70 percent within four to eight hours in transformed cells. These data suggest that the action of CAGA on transformed cells may include inhibition of glycoconjugate synthesis.
A Finite Field as a Facilitator in Algebra and Geometry Classes.

IN AN article entitled "Taxicab Ge ometry" in the December 1973 issue of the Mathematics Teacher (p. 695), Eugene Krause mentioned that finite fields can be used to assist in the understanding of the field properties, just as the base eight number system can be used to assist in the understanding of the base ten sys tem of numeration and non-Euclidean geometries can be used to assist in the understanding of Euclidean geometries (1973, p. 695). The vastness of the topic of finite fields and their applicability to school mathematics has surprised me. This article will bring forth some definite ideas on how teachers of mathematics can use a finite field to exemplify many concepts in algebra and geometry as well as some general concepts in mathematics. Consider first the finite field of integers modulo3, (Z3, + , ?)?
Identification of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Microscopic Blood Image Using Image Processing and Machine Learning Algorithms

Cancer has been plaguing the society for a long time and still there is no certain treatment; especially if detected in later stages. That is why early detection and treatment of cancer is of utmost importance. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a type of blood cancer which is known to progress very rapidly and prove fatal if there is a delay in detection. Detection of this type of cancer is carried out manually by observing the blood samples of patient under microscope and conducting various other tests. This process may produce undesirable drawbacks: slowness, nonstandardized accuracy since it depends on examiner's / pathologist's capabilities and fatigue due to work overload can cause human errors in detection. A few automated systems for detection of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) have been proposed which involve extracting features from blood images using MATLAB and implementing different classifiers to produce results, which gave remarkable accuracies though not enough for practical usage. Our proposed system is further improving the classification accuracy. It uses openCV and skimage for image processing to extract relevant features from blood image and not just sheer number of features and further classification is carried out using various classifiers: CNN, FNN, SVM and KNN of which CNN gives the highest accuracy of 98.33%. CNN and FNN are written using TensorFlow framework. The accuracies obtained by other classifiers: FNN, SVM, and KNN are 95.40%, 91.40% and 93.30% respectively.
A topical imiquimod-induced oral mucosal lichenoid reaction: A case report

ABSTRACT Background. Imiquimod (IMI) is a topical immune response modifier used in the treatment of actinic keratosis and cheilitis. Actinic cheilitis is a potentially premalignant condition that requires therapeutic intervention. IMI therapy is noted for producing cutaneous and mucosal adverse effects. The authors report the case of an 88-year-old woman who was treated for actinic cheilitis of the upper lip with IMI and who consequently experienced an oral mucosal lichenoid reaction of the lower lip and right buccal mucosa. Results. The patient was treated successfully with high-dose steroid therapy, and the oral lesions resolved in 17 days. Conclusions. To our knowledge, this is the first case report regarding an IMI-induced oral mucosal lichenoid reaction. Clinicians should be aware of the potential of IMI to cause lichenoid reactions. Practical Implications. IMI is an efficacious therapeutic agent when used in the treatment of actinic cheilitis, but it is prone to cause oral mucosal side effects such as lichenoid reactions. Therefore, it is important for dentists to be knowledgeable concerning potential mucosal IMI side effects.
Principles of Validity

The use of validation and validity when ascribed to simulation and simulators has been poorly understood. Simulation educators continue to utilize older concepts of validity and validation, outdated for over 30 years. In the opinion of this author, this should be as concerning as using outdated medical therapy shown to be less effective than more modern treatments. The concept of validity is now widely considered as unitary, and validation is not a yes or no answer but rather a hypothesis-driven accumulation of evidence. This chapter will discuss the development of the unitary theory of validity, the key tenants of this theory, and the types of evidence needed to support the validation claim based on the intended use of the results.
Corporate Governance and Investor Confidence in Seasoned Equity Offerings

We investigate how governance affects investor confidence in seasoned equity offerings (SEOs) and the cost of raising external equity. Using a differences-in-differences approach with business combination statutes as an external shock, we find investors become worried about non-productive use of SEO proceeds when the law change weakens external pressure for good governance. We buttress this finding by identifying a channel through which governance causes heterogeneous investor reaction to SEO announcements--increases in capital expenditures following SEOs. Also consistent with the governance based explanation, market reaction is more negative when issuers have prior records of value-reducing acquisitions and weaker alignment of managerial incentives to shareholder value. The magnitudes of these impacts are surprisingly large, explaining most of negative market reactions to primary offerings. Secondary offerings are met with strong negative reactions due to signaling effects; however, our data show no evidence in support of the adverse selection hypothesis.
Proceedings of the 2014 LLVM Compiler Infrastructure in HPC

LLVM, winner of the 2012 ACM Software System Award, has become an integral part of the software-development ecosystem for optimizing compilers, dynamic-language execution engines, source-code analysis and transformation tools, debuggers and linkers, and a whole host of programming-language and toolchain-related components. Now heavily used in both academia and industry, where it allows for rapid development of production-quality tools, LLVM is increasingly used in work targeted at high-performance computing. Research in and implementation of programming-language analysis, compilation, execution and profiling has clearly benefited from the availability of a high-quality, freely-available infrastructure on which to build. LLVM-HPC'14 is the first workshop specifically focusing on research making use of the LLVM compiler infrastructure in High-Performance Computing (HPC). The call for papers attracted six submissions, and after peer review by the program committee, five of these were accepted. The accepted papers cover a wide variety of topics: enabling high-performance standards-driven development, code profiling and optimization, and tools that greatly enhance programmer productivity. We expect that all of these topics will be of considerable interest to the wider HPC community.
Upwell: Performative Immersion Hybridizing Two Worlds

Upwell is a mixed reality performance that allows audience members to explore virtual and physical worlds with two dancers. The environment provokes the feeling of being underwater. A dancer with a conventional VR head-mounted display and wearable controllers can navigate around a room scale virtual reality setup and interacts with dynamic visual and sound elements. Since the dancer wears custom-made wearable controllers on the palms, she can make intricate gestures to develop direct relationships with bioluminescent particles in the virtual water. The other dancer only interacts with the visuals created by the VR dancer without realizing the virtual world. Upwell can be utilized as a single person art installation as well as a performance projecting different views on a projection screen.
Robotic Recurrent Hiatal Hernia Repair, Collis Gastroplasty, and Nissen Fundoplication

Abstract Introduction: Recurrent hiatal hernia repair may be indicated in cases wherein symptoms are uncontrolled with medications coupled with an anatomic recurrence.1,2 Up to 15% of patients may ...
Professional Well-Being

Most adults spend more time at work than anywhere else. Given the fact that the majority of adult life is spent working, workplace well-being becomes increasingly important for overall well-being. In contrast to well-being, professional burnout is a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization or cynicism, and low sense of personal accomplishment in response to chronic occupational stressors. Professional burnout affects one’s ability to successfully navigate the unique challenges at various stages of professional development, especially those during periods of role transition from learner to apprentice to early career professional. The consequences of burnout include depression, coping with alcohol or drug use, and broken relationships and professional errors, decrease in satisfaction, and intent to leave one’s job. Unfortunately, rates of professional burnout in human service professions have increased over the last decade. The unique professional challenges and opportunities can be viewed through a developmental lens, similar to Erikson’s psychosocial development model, and traversed by enhancement of various character strengths and virtues. An emphasis on positive psychosocial factors and enhancement of various character strengths and virtues may counter the negative response to these challenges. With the help of a professional coach or mentor, professional development can be navigated and personal, professional, and leadership development successfully guided.
Depression and Inflammation in Patients With Lung Cancer: A Comparative Analysis of Acute Phase Reactant Inflammatory Markers.

Background Depression and inflammation are intertwined, which is particularly relevant for patients with lung cancer who have an abundance of inflammation and experience depression. Acute phase reactants (APRs), albumin and C-reactive protein (CRP), are easily interpretable indirect markers of inflammation that have never been concomitantly compared with depression. Inflammation increases CRP (positive APR) and decreases albumin (negative APR). We hypothesize that albumin will be similarly associated with depression, thereby helping to inform the diagnosis of inflammatory depression. Objective Compares the relationship between depression and representative positive and negative acute phase reactants in patients with metastatic lung cancer. Methods Patients (n = 109) with metastatic lung cancer were evaluated for depression using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Inflammation as measured by positive (CRP) and negative (albumin) APRs along with demographic and treatment variables were analyzed for associations with depression. Results Depression was associated with lower albumin (r = −0.35, P Conclusion Albumin is associated with depression but not to a greater extent than CRP. The coupling of lower albumin and higher CRP describes more severe depression. Positive and negative APRs may form a distinct biologic signature to help identify patients with inflammatory depression in the lung cancer setting.
Grit-passion and grit-perseverance in ultramarathon runners

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between ultramarathon running, grit-passion, and grit-perseverance. A total of 153 ultramarathon runners (age = 40.5 ± 9.0 years) answered demographic questions and completed a survey measuring subcomponents of grit via Google Forms. Grit was measured with the 12-item Grit Scale consisting of two subscales: consistency of interest (grit-passion) and perseverance of effort (grit-perseverance). The ultramarathon runners were recruited through emails from race directors, Facebook groups, and email invitations from the primary investigator. Statistical analyses were performed using Pearson product-moment correlations and a one-way ANOVA. Significance was set to p < .05. There was a positive correlation between number of years running and grit-passion ( r = .17, p = .039). On average, participants had spent 14.4 ± 9.8 years running and had competed in ultramarathons for 4.3 ± 3.5 years. A positive correlation was found between the number of kilometres run per week and grit-passion ( r = .22, p = .007). Participants, on average, ran 57.9 ± 21.4 kilometres per week. For grit-perseverance, there was a statistically significant difference between the short and medium distance groups of ultramarathon runners when compared to the group of runners completing timed ultramarathon races ( p = .002). Failure to complete their last ultramarathon was not significantly associated with grit-passion ( p = .37) or grit-perseverance ( p = .92).
Assessing the U.S. Senate Vote on the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standard

The dataset presented here illustrates to students the utility of logistic regression. Its analysis results in a fit that explains much of how senators vote on a particular bill, and allows for quantification of the effects of ideology and money on the vote. A number of interesting quantitative interpretations follow from a good fit. A successful analysis makes use of a number of ideas discussed in applied courses: descriptive statistics, inferential methods, transformation of variables, and the handling of outliers and special cases. All these issues arise in the context of data on variables that require of students no specialized knowledge. Students have strong qualitative preconceptions about the relationships among the variables. The final results quantify, and nicely confirm, many of those conceptions.
Estimating Reliability of Signal Quality of Physiological Data from Data Statistics Itself for Real-time Wearables

Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms including machine and deep learning relies on proper data for classification and subsequent action. However, real-time unsupervised streaming data might not be reliable, which can lead to reduced accuracy or high error rates. Estimating reliability of signals, such as from wearable sensors for disease monitoring, is thus important but challenging since signals can be noisy and vulnerable to artifacts. In this paper, we propose a novel "Data Reliability Metric (DReM)" and demonstrate the proof-of-concept with two bio signals: electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG). We explored various statistical features and developed Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) models to autonomously classify good quality signals from the bad quality signals. Our results demonstrate the performance of the classification with a cross-validation accuracy of 99.7%, sensitivity of 100%, precision of 97% and F-score of 96%. This work demonstrates the potential of DReM to objectively and automatically estimate signal quality in unsupervised real-time settings with low computational requirement suitable for low-power digital signal processing techniques on wearables.
Approaching trauma analgesia using prolonged and novel continuous peripheral nerve blocks - A case report.

Background A supraclavicular brachial plexus nerve block provides analgesia for the shoulder, arm, and hand; however, the maximum safe duration for a continuous infusion remains controversial. A novel continuous peripheral nerve block (CPNB) technique combining the Lateral, Intermediate, and Medial femoral cutaneous nerves (termed the 'LIM' block) to provide analgesia to the lateral, anterior, and medial cutaneous areas of the thigh while preserving quadriceps strength will also be described in detail here. Case We present a complex case in which simultaneous utilization of an unilateral supraclavicular CPNB (5 weeks) and bilateral LIM CPNB (5 days) are successfully performed to provide analgesia for a traumatic degloving injury resulting in multiple surgeries. Conclusions The analgesic plan in this case study eliminated previous episodes of opioid-induced delirium, facilitated participation in recovery, and removed concerns for respiratory depression and chronic opioid use in a patient at particular risk for both issues.
Advances in enzyme-mediated proximity labeling and its potential for plant research.

Cellular processes rely on the intimate interplay of different molecules, including DNA, RNA, proteins and metabolites. Obtaining and integrating data on their abundance and dynamics at high temporal and spatial resolution is essential for our understanding of plant growth and development. In the past decade, enzymatic proximity labeling (PL) has emerged as a powerful tool to study local protein and nucleotide ensembles, discover protein-protein and -nucleotide interactions and resolve questions about protein localization and membrane topology. An ever-growing number and continuous improvement of enzymes and methods keeps broadening the spectrum of possible applications for PL and makes it more accessible to different organisms, including plants. While initial PL experiments in plants required high expression levels and long labeling times, recently developed faster enzymes now enable PL of proteins on a cell type-specific level, even with low-abundant baits, and in different plant species. Moreover, expanding the use of PL for additional purposes, such as identification of locus-specific gene regulators or high-resolution electron microscopy may now be in reach. In this review, we give an overview of currently available PL enzymes and their applications in mammalian cell culture and plants. We discuss challenges and limitations of PL methods and highlight open questions and possible future directions for PL in plants.