cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Upper critical magnetic field of the heavy-electron superconductors U1-xThxBe13 (x=0 and 2.9%) doped with paramagnetic Gd and other rare-earth ions.

The temperature T dependence of the upper critical magnetic field ${\mathit{H}}_{\mathit{c}2}$ of the heavy-electron superconductors ${\mathrm{U}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Th}}_{\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Be}}_{13}$ (x=0 and 2.9%) doped with various concentrations of Gd has been determined from low-frequency ac magnetic susceptibility measurements in magnetic fields up to 60 kOe. The ${\mathit{H}}_{\mathit{c}2}$(T) curves for ${\mathrm{U}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Gd}}_{\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Be}}_{13}$ samples deviate from the ${\mathit{H}}_{\mathit{c}2}$(T) curves of ${\mathrm{UBe}}_{13}$ near ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$, which is consistant with the depairing of superconducting electrons via the Zeeman interaction between the spins of the superconducting electrons and the exchange field associated with the Gd spins. This suggests that ${\mathrm{UBe}}_{13}$ exhibits singlet superconductivity. In contrast, the ${\mathit{H}}_{\mathit{c}2}$(T) curves for (${\mathrm{U}}_{0.97}$${\mathrm{Th}}_{0.03}$)${\mathrm{Be}}_{13}$ doped with Gd scale with ${\mathit{H}}_{\mathit{c}2}$(T) of pure (${\mathrm{U}}_{0.97}$${\mathrm{Th}}_{0.03}$)${\mathrm{Be}}_{13}$ and do not reflect superconducting depairing by the Gd ions. These results are consistent with either strong spin-orbit scattering due to the presence of Th in ${\mathrm{UBe}}_{13}$, or to a qualitatively different type of superconductivity involving triplet spin pairing in (${\mathrm{U}}_{0.97}$${\mathrm{Th}}_{0.03}$)${\mathrm{Be}}_{13}$. Measurements of the temperature dependence of ${\mathit{H}}_{\mathit{c}2}$ for ${\mathrm{U}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$${\mathit{R}}_{\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Be}}_{13}$ compounds where R=La, Lu, and Ce for various compositions x as well as ${\mathrm{U}}_{0.985}$${\mathit{R}}_{0.015}$${\mathrm{Be}}_{13}$ compounds for R=Tb, Dy, Ho, and Er are also presented and compared with the Gd-doped ${\mathrm{UBe}}_{13}$ system. The results of low-temperature specific-heat measurements of ${\mathrm{UBe}}_{13}$ doped with various concentrations of Gd are also discussed.
A seven patch hexagonal CP subarray with CPW/stripline feed network

A seven-element microstrip subarray of hexagonal geometry has been designed and tested at S-band frequencies. The microstrip patch antenna is excited at a single-feed position using a direct-type connection to generate a circularly polarized (CP) wave. The RF power is coupled to these feed positions by a novel coplanar waveguide/stripline feeding network. The subarray architecture and the feed network are described in detail. The measured results include the feed network characterization and the radiation patterns of the subarray. >
Resection, including transplantation, for hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma: impact on survival

Long-term survival in children with primary hepatic malignancies can not be expected without complete tumor resection. In the last ten years we have treated 21 children with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 21 children with hepatoblastoma (HEP), with tumor extirpation our surgical goal. Operative treatment included partial hepatectomy ([PH] 20), either primary (10) or delayed (following chemotherapy) (10), total hepatectomy and orthotopic liver transplantation ([OLT] 13), or upper abdominal exenteration and multiple organ transplantation (2). Two patients had both PH and subsequent total hepatectomy and OLT. Overall survival was 48% (20/42), with 9 patients dying of progressive disease prior to removal of their tumor. HEP patient survival was 67% (14/21), including 2 of 6 who underwent primary PH, 7 of 8 who had delayed PH, and 5 of 6 who underwent OLT. Survival for the children with HCC was 29% (6/21), including 1 of 4 after primary PH, 1 of 2 following delayed PH, 3 of 7 following OLT, and 1 of 2 after exenteration and multiple organ transplantation. Preoperative chemotherapy facilitated removal of 10 initially unresectable tumors (8 HEP, 2 HCC) at a second-look procedure. Total hepatectomy and OLT markedly improved survival in patients with disease unresectable by standard methods. Partial hepatectomy, either primary or delayed, should be attempted in all children with hepatic malignancies. Total hepatectomy and OLT appears to be a viable adjunct in the treatment of childhood malignancies, and should be used for otherwise unresectable tumors as part of a carefully planned protocol.
On the zeros of asymptotically stable serially connected structures

A serially interconnected N-mass system is considered. Specifically, we consider the single-input single-output (SISO) compliance from the force applied on any mass to the position of any mass. The main result of the paper is a result showing that all SISO compliances of serially connected structures are strictly minimum phase. Lastly, we present a dynamic compensator that is constructed using generalized root locus principles and the Fibonacci series. The compensator requires only limited knowledge of the plant and provides infinite upward gain margin.
Quantitative Analysis of Gene Function in the Drosophila Embryo

The specific functions of gene products frequently depend on the developmental context in which they are expressed. Thus, studies on gene function will benefit from systems that allow for manipulation of gene expression within model systems where the developmental context is well defined. Here we describe a system that allows for genetically controlled overexpression of any gene of interest under normal physiological conditions in the early Drosophila embryo. This regulated expression is achieved through the use of Drosophila lines that express a maternal mRNA for the yeast transcription factor GAL4. Embryos derived from females that express GAL4 maternally activate GAL4-dependent UAS transgenes at uniform levels throughout the embryo during the blastoderm stage of embryogenesis. The expression levels can be quantitatively manipulated through the use of lines that have different levels of maternal GAL4 activity. Specific phenotypes are produced by expression of a number of different developmental regulators with this system, including genes that normally do not function during Drosophila embryogenesis. Analysis of the response to overexpression of runt provides evidence that this pair-rule segmentation gene has a direct role in repressing transcription of the segment-polarity gene engrailed. The maternal GAL4 system will have applications both for the measurement of gene activity in reverse genetic experiments as well as for the identification of genetic factors that have quantitative effects on gene function in vivo.
Field scale evaluation of seaweed aquaculture as a nutrient bioextraction strategy in Long Island Sound and the Bronx River Estuary

article i nfo Nutrient bioextraction using GracilariatikvahiaeMcLachlanwas tested attwosites: one off Fairfield,CT (LIS),and the other at the mouth of the Bronx River Estuary (BRE), during the summer and fall of 2011 and 2012. The es- timates of nitrogen (N) removal by Gracilaria over a 90-day growing season were up to 28 and 94 kg N ha �1 at theLISandBREsites,respectively.InJuly2012,Gracilariagrewupto16.5%day �1 atBREand 4.8% day �1 attheLIS site. Tissue N contents at the same periods were 3.7% (BRE) and 1.5% (LIS), respectively. These results demon- strate rapid assimilation of nutrients fueling the growth of new Gracilaria tissue at the BRE site, while nutrients appeared to limit growth at the LIS site during the summer months. The estimated C removal by Gracilaria at the BRE and LIS sites were up to 300 kg ha �1 (LIS) and 727 kg ha �1 (BRE), respectively. The potential economic values of N and C sequestration for the period examined in this study were as high as $311 (LIS) and $940 ha �1
Early treatment of hyperdivergent open-bitemalocclusions

Abstract This article establishes the morphologic attributes that characterize hyperdivergentopen-bite (Hyp-OB) subjects, reviews associated etiologic factors, compares the various treatment modalities, and provides a rationale and a possible approach for early treatment. Treatment of Hyp-0B patients must address three-dimensional dentoalveolar and skeletal problems in both jaws. For early treatment to be successful, it must effectively deal with the etiology of the problem and the resulting mandibular skeletal dysmorphology. Of the various treatment approaches, including high-pull headgear, extractions, and bite blocks, the vertical chin cup holds the greatest potential for mandibular skeletal modification. Although early treatment can be theoretically justified based on psychosocial benefits and growth potential, more clinical and experimental research is required to optimize the treatment approach and define the long-term consequences.
BOLD responses to different temporal frequency stimuli in the lateral geniculate nucleus and visual cortex: insights into the neural basis of fMRI.

Abstract The neural basis of the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) remains largely unknown after decades of research. To investigate this issue, the unique property of the temporal frequency tuning that could separate neural input and output in the primary visual cortex was used as a model. During moving grating stimuli of 1, 2, 10 and 20 Hz temporal frequencies, we measured 9.4-T BOLD fMRI responses simultaneously in the primary visual cortex of area 17 (A17) and area 18 (A18), and the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of isoflurane-anesthetized cat. Our results showed that preferred temporal frequencies of the BOLD responses for A17, A18 and LGN were 3.1 Hz, 4.5 Hz and 6.0 Hz, respectively, which were comparable to the previously reported electrophysiological data. Additionally, the difference of BOLD response onset time between LGN and A17 was 0.5 s, which is 18 times larger than the difference of neural activity onset time between these areas. We then compared the frequency-dependent BOLD fMRI response of A17 with tissue partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) and electrophysiological data of the same animal model reported by Viswanathan and Freeman (Nature Neuroscience, 2007). The BOLD tuning curve resembled the low frequency band (
Alpha half-lives of 216Po, 217At and 218Rn

Abstract The α-half-lives of 216Po, 217At and 218Rn have been measured to be 0·145 ± 0·002 sec, 0·0323 ± 0·0004 sec and 0·035 ± 0·001 sec, respectively. The alpha hindrance factor of 217At has been calculated to be 1·2 on the basis of its measured half-life and an α-particle energy of 7·064 MeV.
Tumor necrosis factor α attenuates interferon α signaling in the liver: involvement of SOCS3 and SHP2 and implication in resistance to interferon therapy

SPECIFIC AIMThe present study demonstrates that tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) suppresses interferon α (IFN-α) signaling and induces expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) and SH2 containing protein-tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2) in the liver, suggesting that TNF-α may be involved in resistance to IFN-α therapy and could be a potential therapeutic target for improving the efficacy of IFN-α therapy.PRINCIPAL FINDINGS1. TNF-α inhibits IFN-α-activated STAT1 in the liver in vivoIt has been reported that patients with high levels of TNF-α respond poorly to IFN-α therapy, suggesting that TNF-α may be involved in resistance to IFN-α therapy. To test this hypothesis, effects of TNF-α on IFN-α signaling in the liver in vivo were studied. As phosphorylation on STAT1 at Tyr (701) is essential for dimerization and DNA binding induced by IFN-α, phosphorylation at this site is an excellent marker for IFN-α signaling pathway activation. As shown in Fig. 1A⤻ , administration of IFN-α stimulated both STA...
So many states, so little time: verifying memory coherence in the Cray X1

This paper investigates a complexity-effective technique for verifying a highly distributed directory-based cache coherence protocol. We develop a novel approach called "witness strings" that combines both formal and informal verification methods to expose design errors within the cache coherence protocol and its Verilog implementation. In this approach a formal execution trace is extracted during model checking of the architectural model and re-encoded to provide the input stimulus for a logic simulation of the corresponding Verilog implementation. This approach brings confidence to system architects that the logic implementation of the coherence protocol conforms to the architectural model. The feasibility of this approach is demonstrated by using it to verify the cache coherence protocol of the Cray X1. Using this approach we uncovered three architectural protocol errors and exposed several implementation errors by replaying the witness strings on the Verilog implementation.
Inflammation in cardiovascular disease: cart, horse or both--revisited.

“We know that the tail must wag the dog, for the horse is drawn by the cart; but the Devil whoops, as he whooped of old: ‘It’s clever, but is it Art?’”1— (Rudyard Kipling, 1865–1936) In 1998, I wrote an editorial that attempted to make two points.2 The first point was biological: there existed at that time an active debate over whether inflammation was a cause or a result of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and I suggested that this debate was in fact based on a false distinction, and that both positions where likely to be correct. While atherothrombotic disease is inflammatory, inflammation mediators actually participate in the disease process. The second point was clinical: the routine use of a marker of inflammation in cardiovascular risk prediction was likely in the near future, since this dimension of vascular disease was important and relatively easy to capture with a blood test. C-reactive protein (CRP) seemed to be a good candidate for reasons that were not so much biological as technical and logistic. See page 1668 Since that time, much of the debate over cause and effect has subsided and, to my reading at least, most articles addressing inflammation and CVD risk these days either directly or tacitly acknowledge both positions. …
Break of Neonatal Th1 Tolerance and Exacerbation of Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis by Interference with B7 Costimulation

Ig-PLP1 is an Ig chimera expressing proteolipid protein-1 (PLP1) peptide corresponding to aa residues 139–151 of PLP. Newborn mice given Ig-PLP1 in saline on the day of birth and challenged 7 wk later with PLP1 peptide in CFA develop an organ-specific neonatal immunity that confers resistance against experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. The T cell responses in these animals comprise Th2 cells in the lymph node and anergic Th1 lymphocytes in the spleen. Intriguingly, the anergic splenic T cells, although nonproliferative and unable to produce IFN-γ or IL-4, secrete significant amounts of IL-2. In this work, studies were performed to determine whether costimulation through B7 molecules plays any role in the unusual form of splenic Th1 anergy. The results show that engagement of either B7.1 or B7.2 with anti-B7 Abs during induction of EAE in adult mice that were neonatally tolerized with Ig-PLP1 restores and exacerbates disease severity. At the cellular level, the anergic splenic T cells regain the ability to proliferate and produce IFN-γ when stimulated with Ag in the presence of either anti-B7.1 or anti-B7.2 Ab. However, such restoration was abolished when both B7.1 and B7.2 molecules were engaged simultaneously, indicating that costimulation is necessary for reactivation. Surprisingly, both anti-B7.1 and anti-B7.2 Abs triggered splenic dendritic cells to produce IL-12, a key cytokine required for restoration of the anergic T cells. Thus, recovery from neonatally induced T cell anergy requires B7 molecules to serve double functions, namely, costimulation and induction of cytokine production by APCs.
Visualization of high-speed gas jets and their airblast sprays of cross-injected liquid

A planar and instantaneous visualization study of high-speed gas jets and their airblast sprays was performed to qualitatively examine the different atomization performances of different gas nozzles. For the visualization of high-speed gas jets (with no liquid injected), Nd:YAG pulsed laser sheets imaged the clustered vapor molecules in the Rayleigh range (d≪λ), condensed from the natural humidity during the isentropic gas expansion through a nozzle. This method visualized both underexpanded sonic gas jets from a converging nozzle (SN-Type) and overexpanded supersonic gas jets from a converging-diverging nozzle (CD-Type). When liquid is cross-injected, the same laser sheet images the spray droplets of relatively large sizes (d?λ). The present visualization results show that the SN-Type nozzle develops a wider spray than the CD-Type nozzle, quite probably because the SN-Type nozzle has a wider gas jet (in the absence of liquid) than the CD-Type. Also, the wider spray of the SN-Type nozzle lowers the probability of droplet coalescence and generates finer sprays compared to the CD-Type nozzle. These visualization results qualitatively agree with the previous quantitative finding of the different atomization characteristics of the two types of nozzles (Park et al. 1996).
E/sup 2/WFQ: an energy efficient fair scheduling policy for wireless systems

As embedded systems are being networked, often wirelessly, an increasingly larger share of their total energy budget is due to the communication. This necessitates the development of power management techniques that address communication subsystems, such as radios, as opposed to computation subsystems, such as embedded processors, to which most of the research effort thus far has been devoted. In this paper, we present E/sup 2/WFQ, an energy efficient version of the weighted fair queuing (WFQ) algorithm for packet scheduling in communication systems. We employ a recently proposed radio power management technique, dynamic modulation scaling (DMS), as a control knob to enable energy-latency tradeoffs during wireless packet scheduling. The use of E/sup 2/WFQ results in an energy aware packet scheduler, which exploits the statistics of the input arrival pattern as well as the variability in packet lengths. Simulation results show that large savings in energy consumption can be obtained through the use of our scheduling scheme, compared to conventional WFQ, with only a small, bounded increase in worst case packet latency.
Recent Developments in Atomic Absorption and Flame Emission Spectroscopy

This review will cover the significant developments in atomic absorption and flame emission spectroscopy which were published during 1966 and early 1967. The applications of these two methods are now too numerous to be covered completely in a review of this type and therefore only those applications which are novel or which contribute to the general development of the methods will be considered.
High‐Temperature Mechanical Properties of Ceramic Materials: I, Magnesium Dititanate

The thermal expansion, modulus of rupture, and modulus of elasticity of sintered magnesium dititanate were measured as functions of temperature and thermal history. The values increased with increasing temperature up to 1000 deg C., and hysteresis effects were found during cooling. Delayed strain effects were observed. These phenomena were attributed to the occurrence and recombination of internal fractures that result from stresses arising from the high anisotropy of thermal expansion of magnesium dititanate.
The Bering Slope Current System Revisited

Mean circulation and water properties within the Aleutian Basin of the Bering Sea are investigated using hydrographic and subsurface park pressure displacement data from a regional array of 14 profiling CTD floats. After 10 days drifting at 1000 dbar, each float measures temperature and salinity profiles as it rises to the surface and then transmits these data via satellites, which also make several fixes of the float surface positions before it sinks again. Every fourth cycle, the floats sink from 1000 dbar to a 2000-dbar target just prior to ascent to measure deeper profiles. The 1000-dbar displacements estimated from the float surface position fixes reveal a coherent few-centimeters-per-second northwestward flow along the northeastern boundary, the deep signature of the Bering Slope Current. Middepth water property distributions are consistent with cyclonic advection of warm water from the south around the basin, eastward in the Aleutian North Slope Current, and then northwestward in the Bering Slope Current. Geostrophic transport estimates relative to 1000 dbar also show cyclonic motion, although with significant noise, likely owing to the influence of mesoscale eddies. The mean alongslope geostrophic transport of the Bering Slope Current is determined between 0 and 1900 dbar relative to 1000 dbar and then combined with mean along-slope velocities at 1000 dbar. The result is an absolute geostrophic transport estimate with 95% confidence intervals for the along-slope current offshore of the 1000-m isobath and between 0 and 1900 dbar of 5.8 (61.7) 3 106 m3 s 21.
Gentamicin enhanced production of hydrogen peroxide by renal cortical mitochondria

Agents that affect mitochondrial respiration have been shown to enhance the generation of reactive oxygen metabolites. On the basis of the well-demonstrated ability of gentamicin to alter mitochondrial respiration (stimulation of state 4 and inhibition of state 3), it was postulated that gentamicin may enhance the generation of reactive oxygen metabolites by renal cortical mitochondria. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of gentamicin on the production of hydrogen peroxide (measured as the decrease in scopoletin fluorescence) in rat renal cortical mitochondria. The hydrogen peroxide generation by mitochondria was enhanced from 0.17 +/- 0.02 nmol . mg-1 . min-1 (n = 14) in the absence of gentamicin to 6.21 +/- 0.67 nmol . mg-1 . min-1 (n = 14) in the presence of 4 mM gentamicin. This response was dose dependent with a significant increase observed at even the lowest concentration of gentamicin tested, 0.01 mM. Production of hydrogen peroxide was not increased when gentamicin was added to incubation media in which mitochondria or substrate was omitted or heat-inactivated mitochondria were used. The gentamicin-induced change in fluorescence was completely inhibited by catalase (but not by heat-inactivated catalase), indicating that the decrease in fluorescence was due to hydrogen peroxide. Thus this study demonstrates that gentamicin enhances the production of hydrogen peroxide by mitochondria. Because of their well-documented cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen metabolites may play a critical role in gentamicin nephrotoxicity.
Journalistic Cartography on the Web: A Comparison of Print and Online Maps in Seven Major American Newspapers

This chapter compares the use of maps in seven major U.S. newspapers in print and online formats during a two-month sampling period. Recent advances in interactive, multimedia, and web-based cartography offer new possibilities for integrating maps with news stories. This chapter asks how these new technologies are being used and how maps in online and print editions differ. The research found that interactive and multimedia maps are not widely used in online editions and, indeed, online maps are not always well integrated with stories. Furthermore, the disparity in size and resolution between print and online editions leads to a range of compromises involving the absolute and relative sizes of maps, placement on the page, and position with respect to text. Interviews with newspaper staff indicated that lack of staff and time and the separation of production between print and online editions often prevented better integration. Although this study focuses on U.S. newspapers, its findings highlight problems faced by newspapers worldwide in making effective use of online cartography.
The Development of Imaging Mass Spectrometry

Abstract Mass spectrometry has been used to generate molecularly specific ion images for over 45 years. This article presents a history of this unique application of mass spectrometry, with a primary focus on SIMS and MALDI, although other MS technologies will be briefly described. Instrumental considerations, especially with regard to their effects on imaging parameters (including spatial resolution, sensitivity, and analysis time), will be discussed in detail. Examples of images acquired with mass spectrometry through the years will be presented to emphasize the evolution of the technology.
The Impact of Changing Lake Levels on Property Values: A Hedonic Model of Lake Thurmond *

This study uses hedonic pricing models to examine the relationship between lake levels and property values for properties located adjacent to Lake Thurmond. Lake Thurmond is located along the Savannah River Basin, bordering Georgia and South Carolina. Of the 1,030 real estate observations from 2000-2009 for which data was fully reliable, 388 were lake-front homes. The model of the effect of lake level on sales prices also includes home characteristics, home condition variables, lake attributes, and macroeconomic control variables. Results reveal a statistically significant change in sales price when the lake is closer to full pool. Results confirm that declining Lake Thurmond water levels have an impact on real estate values within some ranges below full pool. As climate variability places increasing pressure on communities, future research would benefit from further exploration into the relationship between economic activity and changing lake levels.
One-Dimensional Paper Chromatographic Method for Determination of Urinary Homovanillic Acid

A one-dimensional paper chromatographic method is presented for determination of urinary homovanillic acid. The method is faster and gives higher values than does two-dimensional chromatography. Urinary homovanillic acid values are given for patients with metastatic malignant melanoma and for presumed normals. Homovanillic acid level was elevated in the case of amelanotic melanoma. Determinations of urinary homovanillic acid may be a valuable adjunct to the therapy and study of metastatic malignant melanoma.
Maintenance method of the numerical control equipment used in bit manufacture

This paper mainly introduces the experiences on maintenance and trouble clearing of the numerical control equipment used in bit design and manufacture. First, the trouble causes are analyzed, then, the trouble classification and trouble clearing methods is summarized. These will provide some methods and thoughts for the people who manage, use or maintain numerical control equipment.
Seeing Is Believing: Evaluating a Point-of-Care Ultrasound Curriculum for 1st-Year Medical Students.

ABSTRACTProblem: Point-of-care ultrasound has been a novel addition to undergraduate medical education at a few medical schools. The impact is not fully understood, and few rigorous assessments of educational outcomes exist. This study assessed the impact of a point-of-care ultrasound curriculum on image acquisition, interpretation, and student and faculty perceptions of the course. Intervention: All 142 first-year medical students completed a curriculum on ultrasound physics and instrumentation, cardiac, thoracic, and abdominal imaging. A flipped classroom model of preclass tutorials and tests augmenting live, hands-on scanning sessions was incorporated into the physical examination course. Students and faculty completed surveys on impressions of the curriculum, and all students under-went competency assessments with standardized patients. Context: The curriculum was a mandatory part of the physical examination course and was taught by experienced clinician-sonographers as well as faculty who do not rout...
Reliability in headache diagnosis

The reliability of headache diagnosis using the criteria of the International Headache Society (IHS) has not been well studied. One definition of reliability refers to the reproducibility of diagnoses assigned to the same individual at different times. Reproducibility of diagnosis should be assessed using different clinicians at different times, with or without specific diagnostic instruments. A diagnosis may be unreliable because of variability in diagnostic criteria, in the clinical information used to assign diagnoses, or in the interpretation and application of clinical information to a given set of diagnostic criteria. Reliable diagnostic methods are essential to the development of valid diagnostic methods, as well as for the identification of headache risk factors, biological markers, and effective treatments. An approach to studying the reliability of the International Headache Society criteria is outlined, modeled after the extensive studies conducted in the area of psychiatric diagnosis.
Growth of high-elevation Cryptococcus sp. during extreme freeze–thaw cycles

Soils above 6000 m.a.s.l. are among the most extreme environments on Earth, especially on high, dry volcanoes where soil temperatures cycle between -10 and 30 °C on a typical summer day. Previous studies have shown that such sites are dominated by yeast in the cryophilic Cryptococcus group, but it is unclear if they can actually grow (or are just surviving) under extreme freeze-thaw conditions. We carried out a series of experiments to determine if Cryptococcus could grow during freeze-thaw cycles similar to those measured under field conditions. We found that Cryptococcus phylotypes increased in relative abundance in soils subjected to 48 days of freeze-thaw cycles, becoming the dominant organisms in the soil. In addition, pure cultures of Cryptococcus isolated from these same soils were able to grow in liquid cultures subjected to daily freeze-thaw cycles, despite the fact that the culture medium froze solid every night. Furthermore, we showed that this organism is metabolically versatile and phylogenetically almost identical to strains from Antarctic Dry Valley soils. Taken together these results indicate that this organism has unique metabolic and temperature adaptations that make it able to thrive in one of the harshest and climatically volatile places on Earth.
Response to targeted therapy in braf mutant anaplastic thyroid cancer

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is an aggressive uncommon malignancy with limited treatment. Traditional antineoplastic chemotherapy has not been successful in the management of metastatic ATC. As a result, the focus has shifted to the development of novel therapies for this disease. The availability of economical comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) platforms with rapid turn-around to identify molecular aberrations in tumors that are potential therapeutic targets has increasingly changed the face of cancer therapy. Identification of targetable aberrations may help identify novel treatment options for ATC. Herein, we report our experience with a 47-year-old patient with metastatic ATC who experienced recurrent, progressive disease and rapid clinical deterioration despite surgery, radiation therapy, and treatment with 2 different chemotherapy regimens. She was found to have a BRAF V600E mutation on CGP, and was started on targeted therapy with the BRAF inhibitor dabrafenib and the MEK inhibitor trametinib. After 2 months of treatment, she showed a clinical and radiologic response. The patient remained on this combination for 9 months until evidence of disease progression. Discontinuation of these drugs was associated with rapid tumor growth. Through this case we want to emphasize the importance of early molecular sequencing and identification of genetic aberrations in patients with ATC, and using that information to develop therapies for ATC, an aggressive malignancy with limited therapy and a poor outcome.
Efficient multidimensional Maximum Power Point Tracking using Bayesian fusion

We address the topic of a unified controller for Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controller in distributed photovoltaic (PV) modules. The power produced by a PV module depends on the solar irradiance and temperature. MPPT controllers adaptively search and maintain operation at the maximum power point for changing irradiance and temperature condition, thus maximizing the panel power output and consequently minimizing the overall system cost. Various conventional MPPT algorithms have been proposed for ideal conditions, few algorithms were derived to extract true maximum power under partial shading conditions, and very few have addressed the problem of continuously changing shading conditions caused by changing weather conditions, e.g. rain, clouds. Under dynamically changing conditions, the conventional MPPT controllers can't find the true MPP (global MPP) and are often track to a local one. In this work, results are obtained for a tracking algorithm based on Bayesian fusion combined with swarm intelligence. Compared to state-of-the-art trackers, the system achieves global maximum power tracking and higher efficiency for modules with different optimal current, caused by continuously changing uneven insolation.
Classifying Pollen Using Robust Sequence Alignment of Sparse Z-Stack Volumes

The identification of pollen grains is a task needed in many scientific and industrial applications, ranging from climate research to petroleum exploration. It is also a time-consuming task. To produce data, pollen experts spend hours, sometimes months, visually counting thousands of pollen grains from hundreds of images acquired by microscopes. Most current automation of pollen identification rely on single-focus images. While this type of image contains characteristic texture and shape, it lacks information about how these visual cues vary across the grain’s surface. In this paper, we propose a method that recognizes pollen species from stacks of multi-focal images. Here, each pollen grain is represented by a multi-focal stack. Our method matches unknown stacks to pre-learned ones using the Longest-Common Sub-Sequence (LCSS) algorithm. The matching process relies on the variations of visual texture and contour that occur along the image stack, which are captured by a low-rank and sparse decomposition technique. We tested our method on 392 image stacks from 10 species of pollen grains. The proposed method achieves a remarkable recognition rate of 99.23%.
Quality evaluation of data management plans at a research university

With the emergence of the National Science Foundation requirement for data management plans, academic librarians have increasingly aided researchers in developing these plans and disseminating research data. To determine the overall quality of data management plans at Wayne State University, the Library System’s Research Data Services team evaluated the content of 119 plans from National Science Foundation grant proposals submitted between 2012 and 2014. The results of our content analysis indicate that, while most researchers understand the need to share data, many data management plans fail to adequately describe the data generated by the project, how data will be managed during the project, or how data will be preserved and shared after the completion of the project. Our results also show that data management plan deficiencies vary across academic units, suggesting the need for differentiated outreach services to improve the strength of data management plans in future National Science Foundation grant ...
A Predictive Coding Account of Psychotic Symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorder

The co-occurrence of psychotic and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms represents an important clinical challenge. Here we consider this problem in the context of a computational psychiatry approach that has been applied to both conditions—predictive coding. Some symptoms of schizophrenia have been explained in terms of a failure of top–down predictions or an enhanced weighting of bottom–up prediction errors. Likewise, autism has been explained in terms of similar perturbations. We suggest that this theoretical overlap may explain overlapping symptomatology. Experimental evidence highlights meaningful distinctions and consistencies between these disorders. We hypothesize individuals with ASD may experience some degree of delusions without the presence of any additional impairment, but that hallucinations are likely indicative of a distinct process.
Relational Self‐Construal as a Moderator of Social Support in Career Decision Making

The authors examined relational self-construal as a moderator of the influence of social support on career decision-making difficulties among 352 college students (65% women, 63% Caucasian). Results of hierarchical regression analyses supported the hypothesis that individuals with higher relational self-construal reported fewer difficulties in terms of lack of information and inconsistent information in career decision making as social support increased. Social support, however, did not reduce career decision-making difficulties for those with lower relational self-construal. Relational self-construal did not moderate the relationship between social support and lack of readiness in career decision-making difficulties as expected, possibly because of conceptual and measurement issues. Results suggest counselors work from relational and contextual perspectives to foster clients' self-views and to use social support to facilitate their career decision making.
Chemokines and Proteolysis: Implications for Stem Cell Dynamics in Ischemic Stroke

Stroke still remains a significant clinical challenge, with only a small proportion of the ischemic patients benefiting from current treatments which are limited by a narrow therapeutic time window. Cerebral ischemic stroke results in severe neurological deficits due to massive loss of neurons and disruption of vasculature. Although our understanding of the stroke pathology has remarkably increased, further insight into the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the post-stroke brain repair is still required to identify more effective drug targets with wider time window. Cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury alters the brain microenvironment including dysregulation of cytokines, chemokines and abnormal release of proteases leading to neuronal cell death, endothelial cell and stem/progenitor cell dysfunction, disruption of blood brain barrier and the vascular unit. Thus, delineating the timely and balanced regulation of proteases, cytokines, chemokines, and stem/progenitor cells is critical for enhancing post-stroke brain protection and repair, and neurological functional recovery. In this chapter, we will present the facts about interactions of chemokines, proteases and stem cells in the context of pathophysiology of stroke.
Mindfulness and Transformation in a College Classroom.

Community college classrooms afford students from a variety of backgrounds the possibility to engage and inform one another with respect to their unique perspectives and life experiences. Unfortuna...
Small Worlds: The Dynamics of Networks between Order and Randomness. By Duncan J. Watts

(2000). Small Worlds: The Dynamics of Networks between Order and Randomness. By Duncan J. Watts. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 107, No. 7, pp. 664-668.
The 'Labor' of Belonging

This article examines notions of "labor" and "belonging" in contemporary indigenous-settler relations on the Wampanoag island of Noepe, a place known all too well in the U.S. as "Martha's Vineyard". I focus on an ethnographic incident in which a Wampanoag fisherman stands before a town council on Noepe and appeals for the right to fish in ancestral waters without penalty. Conceptualizing labor as agency, I am interested in the kind of work indigenous belonging demands in contested places. I am especially concerned about the vulnerability of small, financially stressed tribes and indigenous selves who must out-maneuver the labored manipulations of settler law and regulation at the level of locality. What are the political alternatives for Indians who are not rich, who are not members of rich tribes? What kind of "labor" must small tribes exert in order to preserve and protect indigenous selves and articulations of self-rule? It is within an economy of labored belonging that this project situates indigenous agency and contemplates the intensity and complexity of its work.
Fusing triphenylphosphine with tetraphenylborate: introducing the 9-phosphatriptycene-10-phenylborate (PTB) anion

In a fusion of two ubiquitous organometallic reagents, triphenylphosphine (PPh_3) and tetraphenylborate (BPh_4−), the 9-phosphatriptycene-10-phenylborate (PTB) anion has been prepared for the first time. This borato species has been fully characterized by a suite of spectroscopic methods, and initial reactivity studies introduce it as a competent ligand for transition metals, including Co(II) and Fe(II).
Biological Thermodynamics: The frontier of biological thermodynamics

Introduction Thus far our principal concern has been fairly well established aspects of energy transformation in living organisms, the macromolecules they're made of, and the environments in which living things flourish. There has been a decidedly practical slant to much of the discussion to show how concepts from thermodynamics are useful in today's biochemistry laboratory. In the present chapter, we'll change tack and set sail for waters less well charted. The exploration will aim to locate the material covered thus far in the broader scheme of things, and also to see how the development of topics of considerable current interest must conform somehow, probably, to laws of thermodynamics. Our course might be somewhat off the mark, as the questions we wrestle with here are more speculative than above; often, no right answer is known. But the journey will not be any less worth the effort, as it will help to reveal how lively a subject biological thermodynamics is today and draw attention to a few of the areas where there is still much work to be done. An undercurrent of the discussion is a research program proposed over a century ago by the great British physicist Lord Kelvin: (1824–1907) to explain all phenomena of the world, both natural and manmade, in terms of energy transformations. The absolute temperature scale we have used throughout this book to quantify thermal energy is named in Kelvin's honor.
The Evolution of Consumer Credit in the United States

When the subject is consumer credit, what are the stories we hear and tell? Muriel Rukeyser, the poet, has written: “The world is made of stories, not of atoms.” To this I would add a corollary: that history is made of stories, before and after it is made of data. For this reason, when thinking about consumer credit, it is necessary before examining the data to consider first of all a large and deceptively simple question, a question that is of particular concern to cultural historians like myself, though more famously associated with journalists. That question is, what is the story? The stories we tell about consumer credit give us the vocabularies we use to construct our conversations about this most important institution of American life. Our notions of how consumer credit came to be, what it replaced, and what it means shape the kinds of questions we ask, the sorts of evidence we seek, and to some extent, what we allow ourselves to see. Understanding the history of consumer credit, then, requires that we ask ourselves, what is the story?
Comparison of Injuries From Sharps Among Resident Physicians Within Dermatology and Other Medical and Surgical Specialties

This study assesses whether the nature of injuries from sharps among dermatology residents is demonstrably different compared with injuries from sharps among residents in other medical and surgical specialties.
Decreasing available bobcat tags appear to have increased success, interest, and participation among hunters

Management of wildlife populations has changed in the last century, coinciding with decreasing hunter populations and interest. Supply and demand suggest that reducing available harvest permits sho...
Aktualność myśli José Ortegi y Gasseta: dlaczego powinniśmy do niej powracać?

Das Ziel des Artikels ist es, die Aktualitat des Gedankens von Ortega fur die gegenwartige Philosophie zu verteidigen. Am Anfang wird erlautert, was fur Ortega das Hauptmoment der modernen Welt bildet: die Konstruktion der eigenen Identitat auf der Grundlage der individuellen Veranlagungen. Ortega zufolge bildet sie den wichtigsten Aspekt europaischer Kultur, den man um jeden Preis verteidigen sollte. Wenn man diese Idee in der Theorie des Wissens anwendet, bekommt man als Ergebnis den Perspektivismus, der die Legitimation fur liberale Demokratie bildet.
Multiobjective Placement for Secure and Dependable Smart Industrial Environments

Cyber-physical systems allow to implement efficient, highly automated, and green smart industrial environments. To this aim, computation is a critical asset to control machineries, process data, and run proper optimization strategies. In general, computing capabilities are provided by virtualizing resources of local devices or servers deployed in a remote datacenter. Thus, their management is crucial for the security of the cyber-physical ecosystem or to engineer dependable industrial environments. In this article, we introduce a placement mechanism to pursue various security and dependability goals, such as preventing information leakages, providing redundancy, counteracting hardware outages or software aging, avoiding privacy breaks, and mitigating wastage of resources and energy. Multiobjective placement actions are computed by solving suitable mathematical programming problems with competing objectives. Simulations performed using real workload traces showcase the effectiveness of the approach in comparison with bin-packing-based heuristics.