cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Outcomes After Primary Repair and Staged Reconstruction of Zone I and II Flexor Tendon Injuries in Children.

Delayed diagnosis of flexor tendon injury in children is common, and consequent flexor sheath scarring may necessitate a 2-stage reconstruction. Previous studies show variable outcomes after 2-stage flexor reconstruction in children, especially those below 6 years old. We evaluated functional and subjective outcomes of primary repair and staged reconstruction of zone I and II tendon injuries in children under 6 years of age. A retrospective chart review identified 12 digits in 10 patients who had undergone surgical treatment of a zone I or II flexor tendon injury. Seven digits had a primary repair and 5 had a 2-stage reconstruction. Time delay from injury to surgery for primary repairs averaged 18 weeks and for 2-stage reconstruction averaged 24 weeks. Outcomes included total active motion, tip pinch and grip strength, sensation, and the Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument (PODCI). Average follow-up was 8 years. At final follow-up, mean total active and passive motion of the involved digit was similar between the primary reconstruction and staged groups, and 58% had a “good” or “excellent” American Society for Surgery of the Hand; total active motion (ASSH TAM) result (71% in the primary repair group, 40% in the 2-stage reconstruction group). All regained grip and pinch strength equal to the contralateral hand. The average PODCI Upper Extremity score was 99 (99 in the primary repair group, 98 in the 2-stage reconstruction group) and PODCI Global Function score was 94 (97 in the primary repair group, 91 in the 2-stage reconstruction group). No complications occurred. Our small study demonstrates that both primary repair and 2-stage flexor tendon reconstruction have acceptable long-term functional and subjective outcomes in children below 6 years old, although staged reconstruction had a lower overall ASSH TAM score and subcategorical PODCI scores. Although staged reconstruction has acceptable outcomes in this population, prompt primary repair of flexor tendon injuries in children should always be attempted. Level 4—therapeutic.
Redefining Equality Through Incentive-Based Policies

This analysis considers shifting conceptions of equality in education, highlighting the movement from equality of treatment, access, and educational and social opportunity to a focus on the equal right to choose a quality school. The paper explores recent reform policies that harness organizational and individual incentives to improve education outcomes, especially for disadvantaged children. Drawing on the advocacy efforts of a prominent philanthropy active in education reform in the United States, I note that the current focus is on an equal right to choose a quality school, rather than an equal right to a quality school. But advocates for such reforms embrace a rhetoric of equality from the American civil rights movement, even though their policies, and perhaps motivations as well, are not closely linked to equitable educational opportunities. Indeed, the efforts to advocate for an equal right to choose a school represent a subtly yet significantly altered conception of equality in education. The concluding discussion considers implications of this shift for research and policy.
A Democratic Bearing: Admirable Citizens, Uneven Injustice, and Critical Theory

In this rich analysis of the changing ideals of citizenship, Stephen K. White offers a path for the renewal of democratic life in the twenty-first century. Looking beyond passive notions of citizenship defined in terms of voting or passport possession, White seeks a more aspirational portrait, both participatory and inclusive, that challenges citizens, especially in the middle class, to confront power structures to achieve greater justice. Using the Tea Party and followers of Donald Trump as foils, he shows how these groups' resentful and exclusivist conceptions of active citizenship undermine democratic aspirations. White explores how such deleterious influence might be effectively engaged by a robust counter-conception on the democratic left. The book makes this aspirational ideal conceptually clear, normatively compelling and aesthetically attractive.
High efficiency H6 single-phase transformerless grid-tied PV inverter with proposed modulation for reactive power generation

Implementation of transformerless inverters in PV grid-tied system offer great benefits such as high efficiency, light weight, low cost, etc. Most of the proposed transformerless inverters in literature are verified for only real power application. Currently, international standards such as VDE-AR-N 4105 has demanded that PV grid-tied inverters should have the ability of controlling a specific amount of reactive power. Generation of reactive power cannot be accomplished in single phase transformerless inverter topologies because the existing modulation techniques are not adopted for a freewheeling path in the negative power region. This paper enhances a previous high efficiency proposed H6 trnasformerless inverter with SiC MOSFETs and demonstrates new operating modes for the generation of reactive power. A proposed pulse width modulation (PWM) technique is applied to achieve bidirectional current flow through freewheeling state. A comparison of the proposed H6 transformerless inverter using SiC MOSFETs and Si MOSFTEs is presented in terms of power losses and efficiency. The results show that reactive power control is attained without adding any additional active devices or modification to the inverter structure. Also, the proposed modulation maintains a constant common mode voltage (CM) during every operating mode and has low leakage current. The performance of the proposed system verifies its effectiveness in the next generation PV system.
Ischemic Coronary Artery Disease

Abstract Ischemic coronary artery disease is a rare but serious medical condition that can affect the child and young adult. Coronary artery disease in the young can be congenital or acquired, inflammatory or noninflammatory, and atherosclerotic or nonatherosclerotic. Due to the multiple causes as well as the uncommon nature of some of these diseases, early diagnosis and treatment may be delayed, which can have serious sequelae in myocardial function. In this chapter, the different causes and acute treatment of ischemic coronary disease that affect children and young adults are discussed.
A history of neutron scattering at ORNL

Neutron scattering grew from the nuclear science of the Manhattan Project during the 1940s at what is now Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL).Today the Department of Energy (DOE) lab in eastern Te...
Perceptions of Why Women Stay in Physically Abusive Relationships: A Comparative Study of Chinese and U.S. College Students:

In both China and the United States, public attitudes toward intimate partner violence (IPV) have shifted from viewing IPV as a tolerable, private matter to viewing it as a matter of public concern that should be dealt with as a crime. Empirical and comparative examinations of the perceptions of why women stay in physically abusive relationships are lacking. Answering this question calls for comprehensive, methodologically rigorous research. Using survey data collected from approximately 1,000 college students from two Chinese and two U.S. universities, this study empirically compared and contrasted factors that impact U.S. and Chinese students' perceptions as to why women remain in physically abusive relationships. Utilizing a theoretical framework of social constructionism, two common reasons were assessed: Women stay in physically abusive relationships because of learned helplessness and positive beliefs in the relationship/hope for the future. The results show that viewing IPV as a crime, gender, and beliefs of the causes of IPV were robust predictors of college students' perceptions toward why women stay in physically abusive relationships. U.S. college students were more likely to express sympathy and understanding toward why women remain in abusive relationships than Chinese students. Directions for future research and policy implications were discussed.
Simultaneous direct measurements of concentration and velocity in the Richtmyer–Meshkov instability

The Richtmyer–Meshkov instability (RMI) is experimentally investigated in a vertical shock tube using a broadband initial condition imposed on an interface between a helium–acetone mixture and argon (Atwood number when considering both density and velocity effects in planar turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) measurements.
Developing a Standard for Advancing Genetic Health and Scientific Investigation (1997)

This Monograph derives from research undertaken during my affiliation with The Hoover Institution, Stanford University, as a Visiting Scholar in April-May, 1997. The thesis of this Monograph is that man must endeavor to execute his investigatory and manipulative or creative powers within the scientific laboratory with a rational purpose and a spirit of humanism. When, then, science seeks to contribute to the social goal of allowing each member of society an equal opportunity to achieve their maximum output within the economic marketplace, and to maintain personal integrity and seek spiritual tranquility, it is truly a positive force. Accordingly, when genetic science contributes to the common good in this manner, it should be seen as validated and utilized fully. Restraining scientific inquiry should be limited only to actions considered unreasonable. A scientific undertaking would, thus, be seen as such only when the long and short term costs of its effects outweigh the enduring benefits which would derive from its continued study and implementation.
7.5 Porous Coatings in Orthopedics

Problems with cemented implants inspired the use of cementless implants in which fixation is dependent upon tissues’ ability to integrate with the surface of the implant and maintain this interface over time. Over the past 40 years, porous coated implants have been utilized clinically, especially in younger and more active patients. This article provides a comprehensive discussion of porous coated implants in orthopedics. First, the objectives of biological fixation using porous materials are presented and the parameters dictating the success of porous coated joint replacements are defined. Next, specific materials used for porous coatings are discussed, including metals, ceramics, polymers and hybrid biomaterials. Properties of porous coated implants are detailed, focusing on mechanical and electrochemical properties and considerations needed when designing a material with an increased surface area. The design and characterization of porous materials are addressed, focusing on experimental and analytical techniques to measure coating architecture and mechanical properties, and advanced manufacturing techniques for controlling architecture. Lastly, the synergy between design strategies used in tissue engineering and in porous coated synthetic implants are discussed and use of more biologically proactive strategies to increase the amount and rate of tissue ingrowth is presented.
GENETIC AND NON-GENETIC VARIATION OF HUMAN ACID PHOSPHATASES

ABSTRACT. Gel filtration studies on the acid phosphatases in human tissues show four distinct classes of activity that can be distinguished on the basis of molecular weight. Each of these classes can be further delineated and subdivided by electrophoresis and by response to several phosphatase inhibitors.
Microbial Genetics: F Factor

The ability of the F plasmid of Escherichia coli to efficiently transfer DNA from an F-containing donor to an F-deficient recipient cell was the first described example of bacterial conjugation. Bacterial conjugation has played a critical role in the genetic analysis of bacteria and is now recognized as a distinctive branch of the bacterial type IV secretion system family. In particular, the capacity of the F plasmid to integrate into the E. coli chromosome (forming Hfr donors) and of the F plasmid to acquire segments of the bacterial chromosome (forming F′ plasmids) has facilitated molecular analysis of E. coli genetics, physiology, and genomics. Several features of the F plasmid and the various stages of the F conjugation process are summarized.
A New Species of Daveyoungana (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Iassinae) from French Guiana

A new species in the genus Daveyoungana is described from French Guiana. A key to the species of the genus is also given.
Evaluation of Electronic Energy Meter Measurement Error for Circuits with Switching Power Converters

A recent study performed by the authors in [1] has shown that some electronic energy meters are susceptible to electromagnetic interference resulting in significant errors in the energy measurement. The authors have proposed that this interference is likely introduced by electronic switching loads on the metered circuit. Further, they observed that the interfering signal was introduced into the meter through the power lines being monitored by the meter where the choice of transducer, software algorithms and filtering technology all have a significant impact on error magnitude and direction. This paper presents follow-on work to the aforementioned study presenting the experimental setup, analysis approach and initial results from tests conducted at the National Institute of Standards and Technology on energy meters complying with the ANSI C12.20 [2] standard which is the American National Standard for performance and accuracy of electricity meters.
Sense and Deploy: Blockage-Aware Deployment of Reliable 60 GHz mmWave WLANs

60 GHz millimeter-wave networks have emerged as a potential candidate for designing the next generation of multi-gigabit WLANs. Since the 60 GHz links suffer from frequent outages due to blockages caused by human mobility, deploying 60 GHz WLANs that can provide robust coverage in presence of blockages is a challenging problem. In this paper, we study blockage-aware coverage and deployment of 60 GHz WLANs. We first show that the reflection profile of an indoor environment can be sensed using a few measurements. A novel coverage metric (angular spread coverage) which captures the number of available paths and their spatial diversity is proposed. Additionally, it is shown that using relays can extend the coverage of the AP at a lower cost and provide added spatial diversity in the available paths. We propose a heuristic algorithm that determines the AP and relay locations while maximizing the angular spread coverage metric for the clients. Our testbed-based evaluation shows that for five different rooms, our proposed deployment can guarantee an average connectivity of 91.7%, 83.9%, and 74.1% of client locations in the presence of 1, 3 and 5 concurrent human blockages respectively, substantially increasing the robustness of 60 GHz links against blockages.
A literature review evaluating parental tendencies in prior adolescent substance users

Abstract The current article explores the issue of parents' prior experiences, and how that shapes their parenting style. Based on the standard proposed by Diana Baumrind, parenting styles are described with varying ratios of warmth and monitoring. While a great deal of work has investigated the role of parental style on various factors such as child deviance, behavioral issues, academic performance, and substance use, little to no research has considered the reverse directional relationship. This article explores the possible influence that individuals' prior substance use may have on the parenting style they adopt. The discussion includes previous research on substance use, parental style, and adolescent delinquency to advocate for the need of future research exploring this proposed correlation. The importance and potential implications of such research is outlined.
Exposure to traumatic events, emotion regulation, and traumatic stress among infertility patients: a moderation analysis.

Exposure to traumatic events and emotion regulation were examined as predictors of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) among women seeking medical treatment for infertility. Emotion regulation dif...
Linking adaptation processes to team performance in high-tempo, high-stakes teamwork: a large-scale gaming perspective

AbstractThis study surveys and synthesises prior research on the processes by which teams adapt when collaborating on high-tempo, high-stakes work. Of principal concern are adaptation processes wit...
Luigi Caranti’s Kant’s Political Legacy

Luigi Caranti seeks to find a foundation for a contemporary theory of human rights in Kant, as well as contemporary relevance for his project of perpetual peace and his teleology of political progress. I agree with much of what he says, but provide a different account of Kant’s foundations for morality in general and human rights in particular, and defend my critique of Kant’s conception of a guarantee of progress from Caranti’s defence of Kant.
Retrovirus-induced Immunodeficiency and Cancer

Malignant disease represents a major complication of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV)-induced immunodeficiency in the setting of AIDS. Three cancers have been identified as AIDS-defining conditions, including Kaposi’s sarcoma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas, and invasive cervical carcinoma. In addition, classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma, anal cancer, and other cancers are increased in incidence and/or severity in the context of HIV infection and AIDS. AIDS-associated malignancies may arise as a result of inadequate immune surveillance, insufficient or defective immune response, the reactivation of oncogenic viruses, and/or as a direct effect of HIV infection. In the developed world, the widespread use of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) has not uniformly reduced the incidence of AIDS-related cancers, which implicates a multifactorial etiology. Infection of the rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) offers a faithful and reliable model of human AIDS and of AIDS-related non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (AIDS-NHL). Like the human disease, lymphomas in SIV-infected macaques represent a clonal expansion of B-cell origin, which are widely disseminated in unusual anatomic sites and frequently infected with the simian homologue of Epstein-Barr virus. Resolution of the multifactorial etiology of AIDS-NHL may be possible through the use of this animal model and through analysis of interactions between viral co-infections, SIV genetic variation, genetic alterations, and other contributing factors.
Coarse Frequency Offset Estimation in MIMO Systems Using Neural Networks: A Solution With Higher Compatibility

Carrier frequency offset (CFO), which often occurs due to the mismatch between the local oscillators in transmitter and receiver, limits the performance of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communication systems. To recover the CFO, the first step is coarse CFO estimation. This paper presents a neural network (NN) based coarse CFO estimator which has higher compatibility with a variety of MIMO systems, comparing with traditional CFO estimators. Instead of performing closed form calculation as some traditional estimators do, the proposed estimator transforms the estimation problem to a classification problem: classify the optimal coarse CFO estimate from a pool of coarse CFO candidates. Taking the advantage of neural networks, the proposed NN estimator can perform coarse CFO estimations for MIMO systems with different numbers of antennas and a variety of channel models. Meanwhile, the testing results show that the proposed NN estimator has promising performance and wide CFO acquisition range.
Revueltas en el serrallo

Lisette Balabarca Fataccioli es profesora asociada de espanol en Siena College. Tiene un doctorado en literaturas hispanicas por Boston University y un Bachiller en Literatura por la Universidad Catolica del Peru. Sus cuentos han aparecido en las antologias Del sur al norte: Narrativa y poesia de autores andinos (Chicago, 2017) y Circo de pulgas. Antologia de la minificcion peruana (Lima, 2012). Sus intereses academicos incluyen los estudios moriscos y aljamiados y la produccion cultural de los ultimos musulmanes espanoles refugiados en el Norte de Africa en el siglo XVII. Ha publicado articulos sobre su area de investigacion en revistas academicas como Romance Notes y eHumanistas/Conversos. Vive actualmente en Albany, Nueva York.
American Islamophobia: Understanding the Roots and Rise of Fear

Khaled Beydoun explores the causes of Islamophobia in the United States drawing on race theory, history and his legal expertise as a constitutional lawyer. Beydoun is Associate Professor of Law at ...
Titanium Alkoxide-Based Regioselective Alkyne–Alkyne Reductive Coupling Mediated by In Situ Generated Arylamidate

Titanium alkoxide-based alkyne–alkyne reductive coupling mediated by in situ generated arylamidate is described. A high level of regioselectivity is achieved in 37 examples, where (E,E)-dienes are exclusively formed. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first example of an apparent amide and carbamate directing effect in metal-mediated reductive coupling.
Luces fantasmas: palabra e imagen (Maborosi)

espanolEn su primer largometraje Maborosi, el laureado director Kore-eda Hirokazu (1962) logra hacer una refinada “danza” con la singular novela corta (“la novela”) Maborosi no hikari (Luces fantasmas) de Miyamoto Teru, publicada en 1979 por Shinchō publishers, y posteriormente traducida al ingles por Roger K Thomas (en la coleccion Phantom Lights and Other Stories, Kurodahan Press, 2011). EnglishIn his first feature film, award-winning director Kore-eda Hirokazu (b. 1962) performs an elaborate “dance” with the original short story/ novellaMaborosi no hikari (Phantom Lights) by Miya-moto Teru, first published in 1979 by Shinchōpublishers and in English translation by Roger K. Thomas (as Phantom Lights and Other Stories, Kurodahan Press, 2011). The intimacy with which the protagonist narrates in the novel and the evocative power of Kore-eda’s mise-en-scene comple-ment each other so that they seem mutual reflections
On Overlapping Communication and File I/O in Collective Write Operation

Many parallel scientific applications spend a significant amount of time reading and writing data files. Collective I/O operations allow to optimize the file access of a process group by redistributing data across processes to match the data layout on the file system. In most parallel I/O libraries, the implementation of collective I/O operations is based on the two-phase I/O algorithm, which consists of a communication phase and a file access phase. This papers evaluates various design options for overlapping two internal cycles of the two-phase I/O algorithm, and explores using different data transfer primitives for the shuffle phase, including non-blocking two-sided communication and multiple versions of one-sided communication. The results indicate that overlap algorithms incorporating asynchronous I/O outperform overlapping approaches that only rely on nonblocking communication. However, in the vast majority of the testcases one-sided communication did not lead to performance improvements over two-sided communication.
SAS for Mixed Models: Introduction and Basic Applications: by Walter W. Stroup, George A. Milliken, Elizabeth A. Claassen, and Russell D. Wolfinger. Cary, NC: SAS Institute, 2018, xii+594 pp., $105.95 (paperback), ISBN: 978-1-63-526135-6

I was eager to read and review this book because mixed models, both linear and nonlinear, have become a staple of present-day data analysis techniques. I was expecting a book about multilevel model...
Abstract W P138: Hand Asymmetries in the Control of Grasp Force Post-Stroke

Background and Purpose: Stroke survivors have difficulty overcoming deficits associated with grasping ability that differ for their right and left hand. However, grasp force deficits unique to each hand are not clearly characterized. The purpose of this study was to determine right and left hand differences in control of grasp force for individuals who were right handed pre-stroke. Methods: Twenty-one participants (13 with left hemispheric & 8 with right hemispheric stroke) completed clinical assessments and performed hand-grasp tasks using Instrumented Strain Gauges embedded with force sensors. Pre / post stroke hand preference scores were obtained using the self-reported Edinburgh Handedness Inventory (EHI). A right and left hand Reference Force (RF) was based on 20% of the right and left maximum grasp force. The Matching Force (MF) was performed by the opposite hand. Visual feedback represented by a horizontal line on a computer monitor displayed the 20% RF. MF, performed without visual feedback, indicated whether the participant overshot or undershot the RF and was quantified as the Constant Error. Results: EHI scores for right hemispheric stroke patients were 0.86 / 1.00 pre, and 0.92 / 1.00 post stroke, indicating greater right hand use post stroke. EHI scores for left hemispheric stroke patients were 0.91 / 1.00 pre, and 0.59 / 1.00 post stroke, indicating less right hand use and greater left hand use post stroke. The ANOVA showed a significant three-way interaction for matching hand *reference hand* affected side F(2, 38) =4.42, p < 0.05) for constant error. Right hemispheric stroke patients showed left hand MF undershoots for right hand RF (p < 0.05). Left hemispheric stroke patients showed right hand MF undershoots for left hand RF (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Shifts in handedness scores and asymmetries in force matching performance were dependent on lesion location. From a clinical perspective, stroke survivors may not be aware of how hand differences in the control of grasp force influence their ability to perform everyday tasks despite knowing that one hand may be weaker than the other. This suggests using a lesion-side specific treatment technique to improve awareness and function when performing unimanual and bimanual hand-grasp tasks.
Multivariable Feedback Control of Semiconductor Wafer Temperature

Rapid thermal processing (RTP) of semiconductor wafers involves processing single wafers in small reaction chambers. Powerful lamp arrays are used to heat wafers quickly. The nature of RTP makes control of wafer temperature a difficult problem; ensuring near-uniform temperature across the wafer is critical. After a brief introduction to RTP and the RTP temperature control problem, this paper presents a novel approach to the analysis of candidate sensor configurations for multi-actuator, multi-sensor feedback control systems needed to ensure small temperature error in the face of substantial disturbances.
Saccharomyces boulardii inhibits Clostridium difficile toxin A binding and enterotoxicity in rat ileum.

Abstract Background: Saccharomyces boulardii is a nonpathogenic yeast used for the prevention and treatment of Clostridium difficile -associated diarrhea and colitis. However, the mechanism by which S. boulardii exerts its protective effects remains unclear. Methods: The binding of [ 3 H]toxin A to its brush border receptor preincubated with S. boulardii -cultured suspension or filtered conditioned medium was measured in vitro. The effect of toxin A on secretion, epithelial permeability, and morphology in rat ileal loops in vivo was also examined in rats pretreated with S. boulardii . Results: S. boulardii reduced [ 3 H]toxin A-receptor binding in a dose-dependent fashion. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of ileal brush border exposed to S. boulardii -conditioned medium revealed a diminution of all brush border proteins. Treatment of rats with S. boulardii suspension reduced fluid secretion and mannitol permeability caused by toxin A. Conclusions: S. boulardii may reduce some of the enterotoxic effects of toxin A by inhibiting toxin A-receptor binding. This effect appears to be manifested by a secreted product of the yeast, possibly a protease.
Abstract P381: Overlap of Echocardiographic Diastolic Dysfunction Definitions in the Cardia Study

Background: Existing echocardiographic criteria for diastolic dysfunction differ widely. We examined overlap in definitions proposed by the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE), Rochester County Epidemiology Project (Redfield), and the VALIDD trial of diastolic dysfunction among middle-aged individuals undergoing echocardiographic examination in CARDIA. Methods: 3474 CARDIA participants had echocardiographic data at Y25. At each center, trained echo techs obtained images by a standardized protocol and scans were read centrally. Standard 2D and M-mode assessments were obtained. Published binary definitions of diastolic dysfunction were applied; pulmonary venous flow and mitral inflow at peak Valsalva maneuver measures were not available in CARDIA, so the (modified) Redfield definition of diastolic dysfunction was based on two of the four variables included in the definition. Results: The mean age in the sample was 50.2 years, mean BMI was 30.2 kg/m2, 46.7% of the sample was African American and 53.3% was white. The prevalence of diastolic dysfunction according to different definitions was as follows: 1.6 % according to the ASE definition, 24.3% according to the VALIDD definition, and 22.4% according to the Redfield definition. Using the ASE definition, 38.9% of individuals were unclassifiable for diastolic dysfunction and using the Redfield 38.2% were unclassifiable. Overlap of the diastolic dysfunction case definitions is presented in the Figure. 51 of the 53 cases of diastolic dysfunction identified by the ASE criteria were also identified by the VALIDD criteria. Less than 50% of the cases identified by the Redfield or VALIDD criteria were classified similarly by both definitions. Although over 1317 people were unclassifiable by the ASE definition and 1326 were unclassifiable by the Redfield definition, only 348 were unclassifiable by both definitions. Discussion: Existing definitions for diastolic dysfunction have little overlap, both for case definition and for those that are undefined.
Tomographic Gamma Scanning to Assay Heterogeneous Radioactive Waste

Current methods for the nondestructive assay of special nuclear materials (SNM) and trans-uranic (TRU) waste in 208-l drums can give assay errors of 100% or more when the drum matrix and/or radionu...
Genetic Association by Whole-Genome Analysis?

Geneticists are eager to discover if comparing sequence variations (called SNPs) among genomes from different individuals will reveal the genetic basis of human traits such as disease susceptibility. In a Perspective, [Kwok][1] discusses an ambitious study ([ Patil et al .][2]) that moves us one step closer to realizing this dream. [1]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/294/5547/1669 [2]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/294/5547/1719
An Activity Center for Both Athletic Events and Cultural Events

(1975). An Activity Center for Both Athletic Events and Cultural Events. Journal of Physical Education and Recreation: Vol. 46, No. 4, pp. 28-29.
Finite temperature QCD using 2+1 flavors of domain wall fermions at Nt=8

We study the region of the QCD phase transition using $2+1$ flavors of domain wall fermions and a ${16}^{3}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}8$ lattice volume with a fifth dimension of ${L}_{s}=32$. The disconnected light quark chiral susceptibility, quark number susceptibility, and the Polyakov loop suggest a chiral and deconfining crossover transition lying between 155 and 185 MeV for our choice of quark mass and lattice spacing. In this region the lattice scale deduced from the Sommer parameter ${r}_{0}$ is ${a}^{\ensuremath{-}1}\ensuremath{\approx}1.3\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$, the pion mass is $\ensuremath{\approx}300\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}$, and the kaon mass is approximately physical. The peak in the chiral susceptibility implies a pseudocritical temperature ${T}_{c}=171(10)(17)\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}$ where the first error is associated with determining the peak location and the second with our unphysical light quark mass and nonzero lattice spacing. The effects of residual chiral symmetry breaking on the chiral condensate and disconnected chiral susceptibility are studied using several values of the valence ${L}_{s}$.
Template-based growth of V2O5 nanorods by electrodeposition

Template-based growth of single crystal V2O5 nanorods by either electrochemical or electrophoretic deposition was studied. Specifically, standard electrochemical deposition from VOSO4 solution, electrochemically induced deposition by local pH change of VO2+ solution, and electrophoretic deposition of nanoclusters in V2O5 sol were investigated. From each route, uniformly sized V2O5 nanorods about 10 μm in length were grown over large area with nearly unidirectional alignment, but with various extent of lateral shrinkage when fired at 500°C. These grown V2O5 nanorods all have the same single-crystal structure, regardless of deposition method and initial solutions or sol used.
Carbonic anhydrase activity changes in response to increased temperature and pCO2 in Symbiodinium–zoanthid associations

Carbon dioxide (CO2) makes up less than 1% of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the ocean. To acquire carbon dioxide for photosynthesis, many marine autotrophs rely on the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA) to catalyze the conversion of bicarbonate ions (HCO3−) to CO2. In zoanthids and other cnidarians with Symbiodinium spp. endosymbionts, CA is essential for transporting CO2 to symbionts for photosynthesis. Temperature and ambient DIC affect CA activity, therefore, increased sea water temperatures and ocean acidification (OA) will alter CO2 transport in symbiotic cnidarians. However, these effects are likely to be species specific for both host and symbiont, as different cnidarians and Symbiodinium spp. vary in their mechanisms of DIC transport and utilization of CA. In this study, host and symbiont CA activity in the zoanthids Palythoa sp. and Zoanthus sp. varied with thermal stress and low pH. Increased temperature inhibited algal, but not host CA activity in Zoanthus sp. polyps with A4 Symbiodinium, while temperature had no effect on CA activity in Palythoa sp. with C1 Symbiodinium. High pCO2/low pH altered algal CA activity in both zoanthid species, but host CA activity changed in Zoanthus sp. polyps only. This study shows that thermal stress and OA induce species-specific changes in CA activity, and thus DIC transport in symbiotic zoanthids. These observations suggest that CA activity in symbiotic cnidarians will be altered by climate conditions predicted for the future, and for some cnidarians, changes in CA activity may inhibit photosynthesis.
Parametric amplification for controlling timing jitter in dispersion-managed lightwave systems

We show that the timing jitter in dispersion-managed lightwave systems can be reduced considerably by replacing erbium-doped fiber amplifiers with the parametric amplifiers in which four-wave mixing is used to generate a phase-conjugated signal.
Collaboration Leads to Enhanced Curriculum

Background: In 2007, we initiated a health information management (HIM) track of our biomedical informatics graduate program, and subsequent ongoing program assessment revealed a confluence of topics and courses within HIM and clinical informatics (CI) tracks. We completed a thorough comparative analysis of competencies derived from AMIA, AHIMA, and CAHIIM. Coupled with the need to streamline course offerings, the process, described in this paper allowed new opportunities for faculty collaboration, resulted in the creation of a model assessment for best practice in courses, and led to new avenues of growth within the program. Objective: The objective of the case study is to provide others in the informatics educational community with a model for analysis of curriculum in order to improve quality of student learning. Methods: We describe a case study where an academic informatics program realigned its course offerings to better reflect the HIM of today, and prepare for challenges of the future. Visionary leadership, intra-departmental self-analysis and alignment of the curriculum through defined mapping process reduced overlap within the CI and HIM tracks. Teaching within courses was optimized through the work of core faculty collaboration. Results: The analysis of curriculum resulted in reduction of overlap within course curriculum. This allowed for additional and new course content to be added to existing courses. Conclusions: Leadership fostered an environment where top-down as well as bottom-up collaborative assessment activities resulted in a model to consolidate learning and reduce unnecessary duplication within courses. A focus on curriculum integration, emphasis on course alignment and strategic consolidation of course content raised the quality of informatics education provided to students. Faculty synergy was an essential component of this redesign process. Continuous quality improvement strategy included an ongoing alignment of curriculum and competencies through a comparative analysis approach. Through these efforts, new innovation was possible.
Recent advances in the biogeography and genecology of symbiotic Frankia and its host plants

Molecular phylogenetic approaches have begun to outline the origin, distribution and diversity of actinorhizal partners. Geographic isolation of Frankia and its host plants resulting from shifting continents and dispersal patterns have apparently led to the development of Frankia genotypes with differing affinities for host genera, even within the same plant family. Actinorhizal plant genera of widespread global distribution tend to nodulate readily even outside their native ranges. These taxa may maintain infective Frankia populations of considerable diversity on a broad scale. Arid environments seem to have distinctive actinorhizal partnerships, with smaller and more specific sets of Frankia symbionts. This has led to the hypothesis that some host families have taxa that are evolving towards narrow strain specificity, perhaps because of drier habitats where fewer Frankia strains would be able to survive. Harsh conditions such as water-saturated soils near lakes, swamps or bogs that are typically acidic and low in oxygen may similarly lessen the diversity of Frankia strains present in the soil, perhaps limiting the pool of fran kiae available for infection locally and, ata larger scale, for natural selection of symbiotic partnerships with host plants. Recent molecular ecological studies have also provided examples of Frankia strain sorting by soil environment within higher order cluster groupings of Frankia host specificity. Future frontiers for ecological research on Frankia and actinorhizal plants include the soil ecosystem and the genome of Frankia and its hosts.
Simplified Simulation of Fast Neutron Scattering for an Explosives Detection Application

In developing applications for fast neutron scattering in explosives detection, Monte Carlo simulations were completed that characterized the scattering behavior of fast neutrons in a simplified ge...
A high performance edge detector based on fuzzy inference rules

Edge detection is an important topic in computer vision and image processing. In this paper, a novel edge detector based on fuzzy If-Then inference rules and edge continuity is proposed. The fuzzy If-Then rule system is designed to model edge continuity criteria. The maximum entropy principle is used in the parameter adjusting process. We also discuss the related issues in designing fuzzy edge detectors. We compare it with the popular edge detectors: Sobel and Canny edge detectors. The proposed fuzzy edge detector does not need parameter setting as Canny edge detector does, and it can preserve an appropriate detection in details. It is very robust to noise and can work well under high level noise situations, while other edge detectors cannot. The detector efficiently extracts edges in images corrupted by noise without requiring the filtering process. The experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method to existing ones.
Interview with Robert Sewell, Associate University Librarian for Collection Development and Management, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey

Presents Robert Sewell’s responses to questions covering his role and responsibilities as associate librarian for collection development and management. Includes details of the library’s collection development policy, how work is organized, library funding, selection, the role of faculty and students in collection development, how the library deals with serials and electronic resources, and cooperative arrangements.
An experimental comparison of the effects of two chemical stressors on a freshwater zooplankton assemblage

Abstract Mesocosms in an Ohio, USA lake were dosed with ten levels (0–100 μg liter−1) of copper (experiment 1) or Carbaryl (experiment 2). Zooplankton responses were determined after 4-day incubations. Species level responses differed for the two chemicals; community level responses were very similar. Across the gradients of increasing Cu or Carbaryl doses, cladocerans were greatly reduced and copepods became dominant. For Carbaryl, the response was consistent with that reported previously. For Cu, different responses were previously observed at other lakes. The taxonomic composition of the zooplankton may largely determine the community level response. In the present experiments, cladoceran declines may have secondarily affected food web function. In the Carbaryl experiment, where the chemical did not directly suppress algae, their biomass increased with dose level. This coincided with the cladoceran decline, suggesting an algal response to reduced top-down control.
Pricing of open-access transmission services in Texas

Abstract This paper describes the reorganization of the electricity industry within the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) and the system of administration and pricing of transmission of services that has been adopted and was placed into service in ERCOT starting January 1, 1997. Included is a summary of the physical and geographical ownership of the Texas system, with information on the mix of fuels and generation ownership patterns, and ownership of the transmission grid. How the electricity industry is being restructured within the interconnection to provide for open-access transmission is discussed, including discussion of the services that will be provided by the transmission segment of the industry, who is responsible for providing them, how they will be priced, and the role of the Independent System Operator (ISO).
Changes in the composition, structure, and production of plant communities along a perturbed wetland coenocline

Comparisons of a wetland coenocline before and after a drought-caused drawdown and the refilling of the basin to a higher-than-normal water level revealed that there was little difference in the above ground standing crop or in the floristic composition of the submersed, emergent or meadow zones along the coenocline. However, the position of many species along the coenocline shifted in response to these perturbations.Sagittaria latifolia, Carex spp.,Patamogeton sp. aff.pusillus all were found 2 to 4 m closer to shore.Glyceria grandis is normally found only in the meadow zone; but after the drawdown, it was found along the whole lenght of the coenocline. The drawdown also nearly eliminatedCeratophyllum demersum from the coenocline. Species richness as a result of these perturbations increased in the submersed (3.3 to 5.9) and emergent (3.6 to 4.3) zones, but decreased in the meadow zone (7.6 to 6.0). The Simpson's index in all three zones was not appreciably influenced by the perturbations. The average Simpson's indices for the meadow, emergent and submersed zones were 0.4, 0.7 and 0.5 respectively.
Hierarchical Design of an Application-Specific Instruction Set Processor for High-Throughput and Scalable FFT Processing

Fast Fourier transformation (FFT), a kernel data processing task in communication systems, has been studied intensively for efficient software and hardware implementations. Nowadays, various orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based wireless communication standards have raised more stringent requirements on both throughput and flexibility for FFT computation. Application-specific instruction set processor (ASIP) has emerged as a promising solution to meet these requirements. This paper presents a novel hierarchical design of an ASIP tailored for FFT. We reconstruct the FFT computation flow into a scalable array structure based on an 8-point butterfly unit (BU). The array structure can easily expand along both the horizontal and vertical dimensions for any-point FFT computation. We incorporate custom register files to reduce memory access and derive a regular data addressing rule accordingly. With the microarchitecture modifications, we extend the instruction set architecture (ISA) with new instructions to accelerate FFT operations. An FFT ASIP is implemented on Tensilica's reconfigurable processor platform. Our FFT ASIP achieves the data throughput of 405.7 Mb/s for 1 K-point FFT, which attains UWB-OFDM specifications. The area of our custom processor is 147 kilo gates and the total processor power consumption is 60.7 mW, which are acceptable compared to several other designs such as application specific integrated circuit, digital signal processing, field-programmable gate array, and other ASIP implementations. We also extend the implementation for up to 8 K-point FFTs, with degraded performance but still meeting the requirements of those communications standards that demand large-size FFT computations.
Cascade control of systems over integral domains

Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of cascade compensators and dynamic equivalence of linear systems over integral domains arc derived. The considerations lead to constructive procedures for dynamic compensation.
Topography of Chlamydomonas: fine structure and polypeptide components of the gametic flagellar membrane surface and the cell wall

Surface polypeptide components of the flagellar membrane of Chlamydomonas reinhardi Dang. gametes are identified by their accessibility to in-vivo vectoral labeling by glucose oxidase-coupled lactoperoxidase-dependent 125I iodination. Vectoral labeling is accomplished without observable adverse effects on cell viability or gametic function. Flagella isolated from labeled wild-type cells carry about 3% of the total incorporated label, which is found by one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to be distributed among 16 identifiable polypeptide bands. The most prominent surface-labeled species migrates in the Mr (relative molecular weight) 350 k region of the gel; each of the remaining iodinated polypeptides, which range in Mr from 25 k to 500 k, carries only a small proportion of incorporated label. To determine which polypeptides are unique to the flagellum and which are contaminants from the cell wall, wild-type profiles were compared with those of mutant strains and of mechanically isolated cell walls. Identification of contaminants was also facilitated by two-dimensional peptide mapping. We conclude that only 11 of the labeled bands are contributed by flagellar polypeptides; the remaining five bands are shown to be contaminants from the cell wall, and additional cell-wall polypeptides are found to co-migrate with flagellar species. A polypeptide designated as a possible membrane tubulin in preliminary studies is shown here to be different from tubulin in its peptide map. The 11 polypeptides assigned as specific flagellar surface components are candidate participants in such biological events as sexual adhesion, flagellar surface motility, and sensory signalling.