cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
LHC discovery potential of a leptophilic Higgs boson

In this work, we examine a two-Higgs-doublet extension of the standard model in which one Higgs doublet is responsible for giving mass to both up- and down-type quarks, while a separate doublet is responsible for giving mass to leptons. We examine both the theoretical and experimental constraints on the model and show that large regions of parameter space are allowed by these constraints in which the effective couplings between the lightest neutral Higgs scalar and the standard-model leptons are substantially enhanced. We investigate the collider phenomenology of such a 'leptophilic' two-Higgs-doublet model and show that in cases where the low-energy spectrum contains only one light, CP-even scalar, a variety of collider processes essentially irrelevant for the discovery of a standard model Higgs boson (specifically those in which the Higgs boson decays directly into a charged-lepton pair) can contribute significantly to the discovery potential of a light-to-intermediate-mass (m{sub h} < or approx. 140 GeV) Higgs boson at the LHC.
Stability relations of jarosite and natrojarosite at 150–250°C

Abstract The jarosite decomposition reaction KFe 3 ( SO 4 ) 2 ( OH ) 6 = 1.5 Fe 2 O 3 + K + + 2 SO 4 2− + 3 H + + 1.5 H 2 O and the analogous natrojarosite reaction have been studied in hydrothermal experiments of 1 to 1 1 weeks duration at 150–250°C. For a log mK 2 SO 4 in the coexisting aqueous phase of between −0.4 and −1.2, the log mH 2 SO 4 required to stabilize jarosite decreases from −0.35 ± 0.05 at 250° to −0.58 ± 0.12 at 200°C. At higher K 2 SO 4 concentrations the H 2 SO 4 concentration required to stabilize jarosite increases at both temperatures, consistent with the position of the jarosite-hematite boundary predicted with PHRQPITZ. Natrojarosite could not be produced from hematite at 250°C. At 200°C, the natrojarositehematite boundary occurs at log mH 2 SO 4 of −0.17 ± 0.08 at log mNa 2 SO 4 of −0.2 to −1.0. At log mNa 2 SO 4 below about −1.0, natrojarosite is unstable with respect to the assemblage hematite +Fe(SO 4 )(OH). Apparent standard molal Gibbs free energies computed from the experimental data are ΔG 0 jarosite ,200°,100 bars = −3416.3 ± 1.7 kJ/mol and ΔG 0 natrojarosite , 200°, 100 bars = −3371.9 ± 2.0 kJ/mol. The estimated errors reflect a lack of complete reversibility in the experiments, but do not consider other, potentially greater, sources of uncertainty such as those associated with calculation of aqueous activity coefficients. Additional experiments were used to study the exchange reaction KFe 3 ( SO 4 ) 2 ( OH ) 6 + Na + = NaFe 3 ( SO 4 ) 2 ( OH ) 6 + K + . Ln K D for this reaction is −3.1 ± 0.5 at 250°C, −3.7 ± 0.4 at 200°C, and −4.9 ± 0.2 at 150°C. Ln K D does not show a systematic variation with X Na at either 250 or 200°C, which suggests that jarosite and natrojarosite may be modeled as an ideal solid solution at these temperatures. At 150°C In K D does not vary from X Na = 0.1 to 0.6, but good constraints on its value could not be obtained outside this compositional range. The experimental data therefore do not rule out a significant departure from ideality at higher X Na at 150°C.
Identification, characterization, and expression of a unique secretory lipase from the human pathogen Leishmania donovani

Lipases have been implicated to be of importance in the life cycle development, virulence, and transmission of a variety of parasitic organisms. Potential functions include the acquisition of host resources for energy metabolism and as simple building blocks for the synthesis of complex parasite lipids important for membrane remodeling and structural purposes. Using a molecular approach, we identified and characterized the structure of an LdLip3-lipase gene from the primitive trypanosomatid pathogen of humans, Leishmania donovani. The LdLip3 encodes a ~33 kDa protein, with a well-conserved substrate-binding and catalytic domains characteristic of members of the serine lipase-protein family. Further, we showed that LdLip3 mRNA is constitutively expressed by both the insect vector (i.e., promastigote) and mammalian (i.e., amastigote) life cycle developmental forms of this protozoan parasite. Moreover, a homologous episomal expression system was used to express an HA epitope-tagged LdLip3 chimeric construct (LdLip3::HA) in these parasites. Expression of the LdLip3 chimera was verified in these transfectants by Western blots and indirect immuno-fluorescence analyses. Results of coupled immuno-affinity purification and enzyme activity experiments demonstrated that the LdLip3::HA chimeric protein was secreted/released by transfected L. donovani parasites and that it possessed functional lipase enzyme activity. Taken together these observations suggest that this novel secretory lipase might play essential role(s) in the survival, growth, and development of this important group of human pathogens.
Genetic Analysis of Protein Folding Pathways

Optimal application of protein engineering technology will require understanding how the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide chain specifies its spatial conformation. It is now clear that polypeptide chain folding and subunit assembly proceeds through sequential pathways involving defined intermediates. The critical amino acid instructions directing these pathways appear to be dispersed through the sequence. Recent genetic approaches have begun to identify which residues in a chain are important in maintaining the pathway, and avoiding aggregated states. Investigations of the P22 tailspike endorhamnosidase suggest that one general class of mutants, tss mutants, may be particularly informative in identifying sequences determining the conformation of the intermediates. Certain inherited human diseases may represent single amino acid substitutions causing folding defects.
Psychological Reactions to the PSA Crash

Psychological reactions to the crash of a commercial airliner, resulting in the deaths of 145 people in San Diego in September of 1978, are presented. Emotional sequelae of the crash included psychophysiologic concomitants of stress (headaches, sleep disturbances, hyperventilation, nightmares, gastrointestinal disturbances), disorientation, depressive symptoms, phobias, emotional dyscontrol, obsessions and psychotic manifestations. In addition, there were re-emergences of reactions to past traumatic events. A full range of psychological defenses was mobilized to help deal with the stress. Universal themes expressed were the experience of loss of control and identification with the deceased. Brief crisis intervention techniques, which included ventilation, support, clarification, interpretation, and particularly education, appeared helpful.
Implementation of a Service Recovery Program Due to Food Service Downsizing

Abstract A Food and Nutrition Dcpartn dollar payroll reduction program (33%) in FY 96-97. The last phase of mis took place with the implementation of a patient tray cart rethermalization system and the elimination of 55 positions. The impact on customers was negative. Gaps in service level included some patients not receiving trays, hot food being served cold, poor food quality, long waits for trays, and inconsistent delivery of tube feedings/oral supplements/nourishments. Six months after implementation, a Patient Food Service Gold Standard Action Team (GSAT) was established to recover service levels. The effort was ted by a core team of four departmental members having strong, diverse management experience. All employees of Patient Food Services were members of the team. Objectives were to a) improve food quality, b) reassess functions and staffing patterns, c) develop an employee training program, d) establish a quality meat program, e) team build within, and f) enhance communication with Nursing. GSAT major accomplishments over a six-month period included a) altering the patient menu, b) changing from disposable to china entree plates, c) realigning staffing, d) documenting need for increase in staffing, e) developing an employee training program, f) establishing a quality management program, g) conducting regular meetings with first-line staff; h) sharing GSAT activities with Nurse Managers. Measures of success included meal rounds data, trayline audits, and patient satisfaction survey results. Patients stating "hot food not hot" has decreased from 8% to 1%. Response of "everything's okay" has increased from 50% to 97%. Tray accuracy, cart switch accuracy, and plating standards are consistently audited. This effort identified equipment problems, training deficiencies and performance issues. Currently, all performance parameters are consistently above 95%. Taste-testing helped to identify need for future product and recipe changes. Administration is reviewing the GSAT proposal for 6.8 FTE. Service recovery requires major investment of time and skills.
Expression of the T4 molecule (AIDS virus receptor) by human brain-derived cells

Three human cell lines of astrocytic origin were evaluated for expression of a human T-lymphocyte surface glycoprotein, T4, which also serves as a cellular receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus (AIDS virus, HIV). T4 antigen was detected on the cell surface of 2 of these cell lines using monoclonal OKT-4 antibody and flow cytometry. Gene transcripts encoding the T4 molecule were detected by a ribonuclease protection assay in surface T4-positive and -negative cells. Our results suggest that astrocytes may serve as targets for HIV infection in the brain.
Anticyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibody-Positive Paraneoplastic Polyarthritis in a Patient With Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer

Neoplasms may present as rheumatic disorders. Some of these rheumatologic manifestations may be paraneoplastic and can clinically and serologically mimic rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We report the case of a patient who initially presented with an asymmetrical, rapid onset polyarthritis. It resembled atypical RA with positive rheumatoid factor and anticyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibodies. A good response to steroid therapy was noted. A few weeks later, he was diagnosed with metastatic pancreatic cancer that resulted in his mortality. His clinical course suggested that his rheumatic symptoms were a paraneoplastic manifestation of his underlying malignancy. Anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies have not been previously described in cancer polyarthritis. Awareness of this atypical, seropositive RA-like syndrome may prompt clinicians to investigate for an underlying malignancy.
The design of a hardware recognizer for utilization in scanning operations

This paper addresses the design issues and the performance evaluation of a special purpose hardware recognizer device capable of performing pattern matching and text retrieval operations. In addition, the VLSI design and the time and space complexities of the proposed organization are discussed. The structure of the system is based on the concept of the non-deterministic finite state model with a high degree of parallelism incorporated into the design. The system simulates a parallel finite state automaton by utilizing a number of identical units called “CELLs” which have associative processing capabilities.The proposed system improves the performance of pattern matching operations by matching several patterns in parallel. Because of the similarities between the scanning process during compilation and the pattern matching operations, the proposed module can be used as a hardware scanner. The hardware scanner can be used as an interface between the user and the compiler in the conventional general purpose systems as well as the language oriented or high-level language computers.
The effect of applied chest compression force on systemic arterial pressure and endtidal carbon dioxide concentration during CPR in human beings

Twelve adult (nine men and three women) cardiac arrest patients were studied as they received CPR by a computerized Thumper ® to determine the influence of the applied chest compression force on blood flow (as assessed by the end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration) and arterial pressure. At the end of a resuscitation when the decision was made by the senior physician to cease resuscitative efforts, the applied force on the CPR Thumper ® was decreased from 140 to 0 pound-force (lb ƒ ) in 20-lb ƒ increments at 30-second intervals. Radial artery cutdown blood pressure and end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO 2 ) were recorded continuously. Arterial stystolic blood pressure was linearly related ( r = .59, P ƒ to 60 ± 7 mm Hg at 140 lb ƒ ). ETCO 2 ( r = .42, P 2 , 0.7 ± 0.1% at 20 lb ƒ to 1.5 ± 0.2% at 140 lb ƒ ). Diastolic pressure did not change significantly with change in applied force (17 ± 2 mm Hg from 20 to 140 lb ƒ ). Our findings indicate that higher compression force than that currently recommended may improve arterial systolic pressure and flow in human beings receiving closed-chest compression during CPR.
A developmental study of factors influencing discrimination transfer

Abstract Reversal and non-reversal shifts were studied in rural Mexican children ranging in age from 4–10 years. Experimental variations within each group were arranged to provide for evaluation of the influence of temporal pairing and the presence of common attributes in different discriminanda on transfer. Under some presentation conditions, all of the groups studied manifested independent learning of subproblems which are ordinarily thought of as constituting a single problem by experimenters. The contributions of the various experimental factors change with age in ways that are consistent with a general “single-unit to mediational” formulation, but the details of the mediational behavior are not fully describable by any currently formulated theory.
Rational approximation schemes for solutions of the first and second order Cauchy problem

The purpose of this paper is to give sharp error estimates for regularized versions of A-stable rational approximations of C-regularized semigroups such as the Backward Euler and Crank-Nicolson scheme among others. The main tools used are those developed by P. Brenner and V. Thomee for strongly continuous semigroups together with a regularized version of the Hille-Phillips functional calculus.
Physical, morphological, and chemical studies of dusts derived from the machining of composite-epoxy materials.

This work (in three parts) inquires into whether respirable dusts derived from the machining of six composite-epoxy materials (e.g., aircraft industry) may pose a health risk to the operators. Dust samples representative of a variety of composites and structural components were aerodynamically sized and fractionated. Bulk and fractionated samples were examined by light and electron microscopy and analyzed chemically by thermogravimetry (TGA), gas chromatography (GC) and mass spectrometry (MS). Relative fractions of respirable to total mass of bulk samples were
The bone mineral status of patients with marfan syndrome

Osteopenia at the hip and low total body calcium content have been reported in women with Marfan syndrome. Using dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), we evaluated the lumbar spine L2-L4 and proximal femur bone mineral density (BMD,/cm2) in 32 women and 16 children with Marfan syndrome. The women were 38 +/- 10 (SD) years old (23-58 years); their mean height was 178.7 +/- 8 cm. The children (9 boys and girls were 9.9-17.5 years old. Children were tall for their ages but of normal weight. All subjects were moderately active, without previous nontraumatic fracture. In the women, BMD was reduced at L2-L4, femoral neck (fnk), trochanter (tr), and intertrochanter (intr) (p < 0.0001-0.006), compared with age-predicted values. Z scores for L2-L4 and for the fnk, tr, and intr, were -0.59 +/- 1.06,-1.25 +/- 0.99,-1.03 +/- 0.91, respectively. The average hip axis length (HAL) of 11.5 +/- 0.093 cm was at the 80th percentile for women. No significant change was observed in 1 year follow-up BMD measurements in 13 women (fnk = -0.23 +/- 2.3%/year; L2-L4 = -0.43 +/- 1.57%/year). In Marfan children, BMD correlated with age, height, and pubertal development. Femoral neck BMG was reduced (Z = -0.74 +/- 1.22,p < 0.05) with a nonsignificant trend toward decreased BMD at L2-L4 (Z = 33 +/- 1.48). Resorption markers in Marfan women were normal and did not correlate with bone status. We conclude that women with Marfan syndrome have both axial and peripheral osteopenia as well as an increased HAL. This combination of findings likely increases substantially their long-term risk for hip fracture. Presence of osteopenia in Marfan children indicates that the skeletal deficits of Marfan syndrome may reflect inadequate bone acquisition.
Some Dietary Factors Which Reduce the Toxicity of dl-Serine in Rats.

SummaryThe administration of ample amounts of pure B vitamins to rats on an experimental diet, receiving dl-serine by stomach tube, reduces considerably the mortality and the severity of the clinical symptoms. Of the B vitamins tested, pyridoxine was most effective.
Upper bound for the number of degrees of freedom for magneto-micropolar flows and turbulence

Abstract We present an explicit bound for the number of degrees of freedom for attractor for an incompressible, electrically conducting micropolar fluid flow in the presence of an arbitrary magnetic field. Then we use it to explain the possible mechanism of maintenance of turbulence that is different from that in N–S flows.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

The nervous system of the chick embryo has become increasingly important for neuro-embryological studies. It is more highly organized than that of the Amphibia which has been the classical object for the pioneer investigations in this field. At the same time, it is equally accessible to experimental analysis, which gives it a definite advantage over that of the mammals. The rapid development of the chick embryo and the excellent results which one obtains with silver impregnation techniques are additional assets. Since many centers are well circumscribed, and not excessively large or complex, simple quantitative methods can be applied, such as cell counts and area measurements.
QCD predictions for γγ annihilation to baryons

Abstract QCD predictions for large-momentum transfer cross sections of the type γγ → B B ′ are given, for B and B′ any members of the baryon octet or decuplet, and all possible helicity combinations for photons and baryons.
Polytertiary phosphines and arsines. 19. Some first-row transition metal chloride complexes of ditertiary and tritertiary phosphines containing terminal methoxy groups

Abstract The triphosphines RP[CH2CH2P(OCH3)2]2 (R = CH3 and C6H5) react with the metal(II) chlorides of iron, cobalt, and nickel in methanol solution to form the corresponding [(triphos)MCl]+ cations isolated as the chloride and hexafluorophosphate salts. Magnetic susceptibility data indicate that the yellow diamagnetic nickel complexes are square planar but the blue to green cobalt and brown iron complexes are tetrahedral. Nickel(II) chloride reacts with the diphosphine (C6H5)2PCH2CH2P(OCH3)2 to give a diamagnetic apparently square planar nickel(II) complex of the stoichiometry (diphos)2NiCl2 in which each diphosphine unit functions as a monodentate ligand. However, cobalt(II) and iron(II) chlorides react with (C6H5)2PCH2CH2P(OCH3)2 to give products of stoichiometry (diphos)MCl2 formulated as the dimeric ionic derivatives [(diphos)2M2Cl2]Cl2 on the basis of magnetic measurements, conductivities, and metathesis with NH4PF6.
Margins: A Status Report from the Annual Meeting of the American Society of Breast Surgeons

Since the emergence of breast conserving surgery (BCS) as an alternative to mastectomy in the 1980’s, there has been little consensus on what constitutes acceptable margins for cases of invasive breast cancer, how best to evaluate margins in the operating room, or an understanding of the challenging process of margin assessment by pathologists. The program committee for the 15th Annual Meeting of The American Society of Breast Surgeons organized a plenary session to discuss the latest thinking and guidelines for these important issues. The SSO/ASTRO Consensus Guideline on Margins for BCS was an important focus of discussion. The SSO/ASTRO consensus panelists concluded that "no ink on tumor" is an adequate surgical margin for BCS in patients with invasive breast cancers. Intraoperative strategies to decrease the incidence of positive margins include intraoperative localization techniques (wire-localization, ultrasound, radioactive seed) and intraoperative margin assessments with specimen radiography, imprint cytology, and frozen section. Studies also demonstrate the positive effect of shave margins with or without intraoperative margin assessment. The College of American Pathologists protocols for breast specimen margin evaluation consider multiple variables that can impact the proper assessment of margins. These variables include: tissue fixation time, specimen orientation, cold ischemia time, leaking ink, specimen pancaking and others that surgeons need to be aware of. Determining when "enough is enough" should not only be the application of guidelines and national standards, but also a multidisciplinary discussion between breast cancer specialists for what is right for the individual patient's unique circumstances.
p-wave Pairing in a Two-Component Fermi System with Unequal Population: Weak Coupling BCS to Strong Coupling BEC Regimes

We study $p$-wave pairing in a two-component Fermi system with unequal population across weak-coupling BCS to strong-coupling BEC regimes. We find a rich ${m}_{s}=0$ spin triplet $p$-wave superfluid (SF) ground state (GS) structure as a function of population imbalance. Under a phase stability condition, the ``global'' energy minimum is given by a multitude of ``mixed'' SF states formed of linear combinations of $m=\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1,0$ substates of the $\ensuremath{\ell}=1$ orbital angular momentum state. Except for the ``pure'' SF states ($\ensuremath{\ell}=1,m=\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1$), other states exhibit oscillation in energy with the relative phase between the constituent gap amplitudes. We also find states with ``local'' energy minimum that can be stable at higher polarizations, suggesting a quantum phase transition between the ``global'' and ``local'' minima phases driven by polarization. We relate the local and global minimum states to Morse and non-Morse critical points. We calculate the variations of the ground state energy with a relative phase angle, coupling, and polarization, and discuss possible consequences for experiments.
Phonetic information is integrated across intervening nonlinguistic sounds.

When the fricative noise of a fricative-vowel syllable is replaced by a noise from a different vocalic context, listeners experience delays in identifying both the fricative and the vowel (Whalen, 1984): mismatching the information in the fricative noise for vowel and consonant identity with the information in the vocalic segment appears to hamper processing. This effect was argued to be due to integration of the information relevant to phonetic categorization. The present study was intended to eliminate an alternative explanation based on acoustic discontinuities. Noises and vowels were again cross-spliced, but, in addition, the first 60 msec of the vocalic segment (which comprised the consonant-vowel transitions) either had a nonlinguistic noise added to it or was replaced by that noise. The fricative noise and the majority of the vocalic segment were left intact, and both were quite identifiable. Mismatched consonant information caused delays both for original stimuli and for ones with the noise added to the transitions. Mismatched vowel information caused delays for all stimuli, both originals and ones with the noise. Additionally, syllables with a portion replaced by noise took longer to identify than those that had the noise added to them. When asked explicitly to tell the added versions from the replaced, subjects were unable to do so. The results indicate that listeners integrate all relevant information, even across a nonlinguistic noise. Completely replacing the signal delayed identifications more than did adding the noise to the original signal. This was true despite the fact that the subjects were not aware of any difference.
Vibrationally assisted diffusion of H2O and D2O on Pd(111)

Abstract The adsorption and diffusion of isolated H 2 O and D 2 O molecules on Pd(1 1 1) were studied using scanning tunneling microscopy at low temperature (∼40 K). At low tunneling voltage the diffusion is thermally activated. The diffusion rate is enhanced by several orders of magnitude when the tunneling electron has enough energy to excite the vibrational “scissor” mode of the molecule. An isotope effect was observed in the threshold voltage for electron-assisted diffusion of H 2 O and D 2 O.
Can Stress Cause Disease? Revisiting the Tuberculosis Research of Thomas Holmes, 1949-1961

The increasing emphasis in medicine on treating the whole patient has focused attention of the association between emotions and disease. However, physicians have long studied the connection between mind and body. One particularly interesting researcher in this area was Thomas Holmes, a charismatic and iconoclastic Seattle physician who studied the association between stress and tuberculosis in the 1950s. Although lacking the sophistication of modern biostatistics, several of Holmes' studies suggested that persons who had experienced stressful situations, such as divorce, death of a spouse, or loss of a job, were more likely to develop tuberculosis and less likely to recover from it. Holmes consciously used the same scientific methods as his peers, devising a numeric scale that quantified stressful events and doing prospective studies with control groups. Yet, he also emphasized the need to understand each patient's story and to view his or her tuberculosis as the culmination of a life of emotional hardship. Although Holmes' work was rudimentary, his basic supposition may have been correct. Recent research, benefiting from advances in both immunology and biostatistics, suggests that stress may lead to decreased immune function and thus to clinical disease. As studies of stress and disease become more statistically sophisticated, it will be important to retain Holmes' emphasis on understanding the lives of individual patients.
Melanic individuals in color polymorphic Enallagma damselflies result from phenotypic, not genetic, variation

Genetically determined color polymorphisms have a long history in the study of evolutionary change acting on populations. The Odonata exhibit relatively high levels of sex-specific color polymorphisms in mature adults. In Ischnura and Coenagrion, female-specific polymorphisms are known to be controlled by Mendelian genes. Nearly half of Enallagma species have polymorphic females, but the inheritance of any has yet to be determined. Our aims here were to determine: (1) the inheritance of the color polymorphism in E. hageni; and (2) inherent reproductive characteristics of blue female andromorphs and green heteromorphs reared under controlled conditions as tenerals. Maternal morphs, which developed normal coloration in field enclosures within a week, did not differ in copulation time or clutch size, and their offspring did not differ in sex ratio or survivorship to emergence. Surprisingly, no laboratory-reared offspring developed normal mature coloration. Rather, the initially pale parts of the thorax and a...
Germinal center B cells in Peyer's patches of aged mice exhibit a normal activation phenotype and highly mutated IgM genes

Systemic and mucosal humoral immune responses have been reported to exhibit an age related decline. However, differences in primary and memory responses at mucosal sites in aged mice have been noted. In an effort to begin characterizing deficiencies in the mucosal system of aged mice, we examined the B cell compartment of gut associated Peyer's patch lymphoid tissue. To our surprise, we found that germinal center (GC) B cells from aged B6D2F1 mice (24-26 months) were present at similar frequencies and exhibited a normal activation phenotype such as upregulation of B7.1, B7.2 and CD44, and downregulation of CD23, CD62L and CD38 as that observed in younger mice (2.5-4 months). As expected, Peyer's patch GC B cells from aged mice expressing V(H)X24 genes displayed higher somatic mutation frequencies compared with younger mice. However, this was particularly striking in IgM sequences where high mutational loads suggested we were sampling memory cells. It is conceivable that B-cells expressing these genes reflect the presence of a mucosal memory compartment in aged mice that either retains flexibility in effector function or is committed to the secretion of IgM antibody.
Charge Separation and Catalytic Activity of Ag@TiO2 Core−Shell Composite Clusters under UV−Irradiation

Photocatalytic properties of Ag@TiO2 composite clusters have been investigated using steady state and laser pulse excitations. Photoexcitation of TiO2 shell results in accumulation of the electrons in the Ag core as evidenced from the shift in the surface plasmon band from 460 to 420 nm. The stored electrons are discharged when an electron acceptor such as O2, thionine, or C60 is introduced into the system. Charge equilibration with redox couple such as C60/C60•- shows the ability of these core shell structures to carry out photocatalytic reduction reactions. The charge separation, charge storage, and interfacial charge-transfer steps that follow excitation of the TiO2 shell are discussed.
Attributions of guilt and punishment as functions of physical attractiveness and smiling

The authors found an interaction between sex of participant and sex of defendant in the leniency bias toward a smiling defendant. Differences occurred for male participants when levying punishment for a smiling male defendant vs. a smiling female defendant and for a smiling male defendant vs. a nonsmiling male defendant, whereas differences did not occur for female participants. The authors found moderating effects of physical attractiveness and smiling between guilt and punishment. The only significant positive relationship between guilt and punishment occurred for the defendant whom participants rated low in physical attractiveness and who was not smiling. When guilty, the smiling and unattractive defendant received less punishment than did the smiling and attractive defendant. The authors discussed complex relationships between physical attractiveness, smiling, guilt, and punishment.
Molecular Design and Crystal Engineering of a New Series of Inorganic Polymers Separated by Organic Spacers: Structures of [(18C6)K][Cd(SCN)3] and [(18C6)2Na2(H2O)2]1/2[Cd(SCN)3]

This paper reports the synthesis and structures of two key members, [(18C6)K][Cd(SCN)3] (1) and [(18C6)2Na2(H2O)2]1/2[Cd(SCN)3] (2), of a new inorganic polymers with organic spacers (IPOS) series with the general formula [H−G][M−L], where the organic cation [H−G]q+ is a host (H)−guest (G) complex such as [(crown ether)−(alkali metal)]+ and the inorganic anion [M−L]q- is a metal (M)−ligand (L) coordination polymer such as [Cd(SCN)3-]∞. 1 and 2 were prepared from 18C6, MSCN, and CdSO4 where M = K+ (for 1) and Na+ (for 2), respectively. 1 crystallizes in an orthorhombic unit cell of Cmc21 space group symmetry with lattice parameters a = 14.734(3) A, b = 15.304(2) A, c = 10.625(3) A; V = 2396(1) A3, and Z = 4. The structure was refined to R1 = 2.3% for 878 independent reflections (2θ ≤ 46°) with I > 3σ. 2 crystallizes in a monoclinic unit cell of P21/n space group symmetry with lattice parameters a = 10.277(3) A, b = 10.915(5) A, c = 22.596(7) A, β = 111.48(5)°; V = 2359(5) A3, and Z = 4. The structure was re...
Cooperation in Clinical Trials

t N Thank you, Dr Urist, for your kind introduction. Fellows of the Southern, guests, my wonderful wife, Judy, one of my daughters, Kris, who is able to be present, and her husband, Michael, my son, Bill, and future presidents of the Southern . . . I begin by stating my humble but profound thanks for the honor of serving as the president of this Society . . . It is a great honor to follow in the footsteps of people whom I admire and many of whom I consider dear friends. Last year, President LD Britt magnificently made the point that the Southern Surgical Association is regional in name only. I must confess that the president lso presides in name only. The major responsibility for eading and directing our association falls on the council nd our secretary, not on your president. The late President rad Aust pointed out in his address that the presidential uties include such arduous matters as consulting on the inner menu and the wine and participating in the selecion of the scientific program abstracts. His major obligaion is the preparation of the Presidential Address. Presient James O’Neill kindly sent me a selection of prior residential addresses early in the year to assist me, and in he case of his own, perhaps intimidate me. You may have oticed that I included in my salutation, “and Future presdents of the Southern . . .” That is because virtually every residential address begins with the note that the prior residential addresses have just been read. I became sadly ware that future presidents read these addresses that they ave previously heard delivered because, like commenceent speeches, the carefully wrought, elegantly phrased tatements leave no imprint on the memory. One’s presiential address, like one’s funeral, requires that you be presnt with assembled family and friends. The great difference s that only for the presidential address do you need a manscript, but only what you say at your own funeral will be ong remembered. Choosing a topic proves difficult not because there are so ew options, but so many. There is a great temptation to ass on some great life lesson such as:
Grossular activity-composition relationships in ternary garnets determined by reversed displaced-equilibrium experiments

Activity-composition relationships of Ca3Al2Si3O12 (grs) in ternary Ca-Mg-Fe garnets of various compositions have been determined by reversed displaced equilibrium experiments at 1000° C and 900° C and pressures of 8 to 17 kbar. The mixing of grs in garnet is nearly ideal at 30 mol% grs, with positive deviations from ideality at lower grs contents. Models of garnet mixing currently in the literature do not predict this trend. Analysis of the present reversals, in conjunction with a garnet mixing model based solely on calorimetry measurements on the binary joins, indicates that a ternary interaction constant for a ternary asymmetric Margules model (Wohl 1953) cannot be constrained. Apparently, some aspects of the garnet binary joins are still not well-known. An alternative asymmetric empirical model, based on analysis of pseudobinary joins of constant Mg/Mg + Fe(Mg #), reproduces the data well and is able to predict grs activity coefficients for garnets with grs contents between 3 and 40 mol% and Mg numbers between 0 and 0.60. The grossular activity coefficient,γgrs, is given by: $$RT\ln \gamma _{grs} = (1 - X_{grs} )^2 [W_{Ca} + 2X_{grs} (W_{FM} - W_{Ca} )]$$ where: $$\begin{gathered} W_{Ca} (J) = - 2060 + 3.57 \times 10^4 (Mg\# ) - 4.95 \times 10^4 (Mg\# )^2 \hfill \\ W_{FM} (J) = 3390 - 3.71 \times 10^4 (Mg\# ) + 6.49 \times 10^4 (Mg\# )^2 \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ These expressions are valid only over the composition range investigated. The formulation cannot be used to extract Fe and Mg activity coefficients. There appears to be no temperature or pressure dependence of theW-parameters over theP-T range investigated. The improved definition of the grossular activity coefficient which results from the present work contributes to an improved formulation of the garnet-Al2SiO5-quartz-plagioclase (GASP) geobarometer and other phase equilibria relevant to metamorphic petrology.
Toward a Unified Theory of Active Galactic Nuclei

A unified theory of active galactic nuclei, based on the physics of accretion flows around massive black holes, is described. The accretion modes are dependent on the ratio of accretion rate to the mass of the hole. The spectral characteristics and radiative efficiency for the ion tori, thin disks, and radiation tori modes of accretion are examined. The properties of the three accretion modes are compared with the observed characteristics of various types of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and the data reveal that the accretion modes affect the behavior of AGNs. 49 references.
Information flow job search and migration.

"In this paper, an individual model of rural-urban migration is studied, emphasizing the effects of information flow and urban wage dispersion. Migration is viewed in the context of a lifetime program of job search. It is shown that migration can occur even when the mean urban wage is no larger than the rural income flow.... Both the shape and spread of the urban wage dispersion are shown to affect migration behavior significantly." The geographical focus is on developing countries.
Minimally Invasive Pediatric Neurosurgery

Advances in technology have facilitated the development of minimally invasive neurosurgical options for the treatment of pediatric neurological disease. This review seeks to familiarize pediatric neurologists with some of the techniques of minimally invasive pediatric neurosurgery, focusing on treatments for hydrocephalus, arachnoid cysts, intracranial mass lesions, and craniosynostosis.
Dermatitis herpetiformis: pearls and pitfalls in diagnosis and management.

526 Dialogues in Dermatology, a monthly audio program from the American Academy of Dermatology, contains discussions between dermatologists on timely topics. Commentaries from Dialogues Editorin-Chief Jacqueline M. Junkins-Hopkins, MD, are provided after each discussion as a topic summary and are provided here as a special service to readers of the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. ( J Am Acad Dermatol 2010;63:526-8.)
Fluid element relabeling symmetry

Abstract Lagrangian symmetries are found for hydrodynamics and magnetohydrodynamics, which result in conservation of potential vorticity and of cross helicity, respectively. These symmetries, which persist in the reduction from Lagrangian to Eulerian variables, directly give rise to Casimir invariants of the Hamiltonian formalism. The mechanism of spontaneous symmetry breaking in a fluid is also presented.
Effects of lavage techniques with third molar surgery

A comparison study of 206 mandibular third-molar surgical sites, half of which were irrigated with high volumes of isotonic normal saline solution with a conventional hand syringe and half of which were irrigated with high volumes of isotonic normal saline solution by means of a mechanical pulsating lavage instrument, revealed the following: 1. No cases of localized osteitis occurred with the use of mechanical irrigation in 103 surgical sites (0%). 2. One case of localized osteitis occurred with regular irrigation in 103 surgical sites (0.97%). 3. The over-all incidence of localized osteitis was one case in 206 surgical sites (0.49%). 4. One case of infection occurred with mechanical lavage (0.97%). 5. Two cases of infection occurred with conventional lavage (1.96%). 6. The over-all incidence of infection was three cases in 206 surgical sites (1.45%). 7. No significant differences occurred at the 0.95 level of confidence when the two groups' 3- and 5-day healing were compared. 8. A fairly even distribution of postoperative infections and/or localized osteitis was noted among the cases handled by the three surgeons directly involved in the performance of the operations. 9. Three hundred fifty milliliters of isotonic normal saline solution under pressure (whether electrical or conventional) appreciably reduced the reported incidence of localized osteitis without the use of antibiotics. 10. The mechanical irrigator was less cumbersome and faster (30 seconds for 350 ml.) than the conventional hand syringe (4 to 5 minutes for 350 ml.). 11. The sterilization procedure was more complicated for the mechanical irrigator (gas autoclave) than for the conventional hand syringe (presterilized disposable type). 12. Loose (unattached) soft tissue and bony spicules were thoroughly removed by 350 ml. of irrigation.
Calcium Foliar Sprays for Control of Alfalfa Greening, Cork Spot, and Hard End in ‘Anjou’ Pears

ABSTRACT New calcium (Ca) spray materials were made available to test for their possible improvement over the often-used dry form of calcium chloride products. Four orchards of mature ‘Anjou’ pears (Pyrus communis L.) were selected for the experiments. Three Ca materials were used at equal Ca rates, consisting of a dry Ca material derived from calcium chloride (Mora-leaf-Ca) with and without Sylgard; a liquid Ca material derived from CaCl2 (Cal-Plex-12); and a dry Ca material derived from calcium oxide (Mira-Cal) at different concentrations. In one orchard, Mira-Cal Ca at the double rate had the lowest incidence of cork spot and hard end with the highest concentration of cortex Ca and acceptable fruit finish, closely followed by the standard rate of Mora-Leaf-Ca. In a second orchard, Mora-Leaf-Ca plus Sylgard 309 had the lowest incidence of cork spot and alfalfa greening. In the third orchard, Mora-Leaf-Ca had the lowest incidence of cork spot and the highest concentration of fruit Ca in peel and cortex. ...
On the effective mass and collision time of (100) Si surface electrons

Abstract We have measured the apparent mass of (100) Si surface electrons by thermal broadening of SdH oscillations of inversion and accumulation layers for a wide range of substrate doping level, geometry, interface charge density, magnetic field strength and substrate bias. It is shown that the apparent mass values determined in this way are very sensitive to these parameters and others which are not yet understood. Collision broadening of the SdH oscillations has been studied in terms of scattering time τ and compared with zero field mobility as well as average magnetoconductance relaxation times. Fair agreements were obtained between these quantities.
Characterization Of Optical And Transport Properties Of Semiconductors: A Photothermal Approach

Photothermal spectroscopy employs the small rise in temperature associated with the absorption of electromagnetic radiation to probe optical and transport properties of materials. A review of the various photothermal detection schemes is given, and examples which illustrate the power of this technique are reviewed.
Mechanical treatment of vasospasm

Abstract Objective: Since cerebral vasospasm (CV) was first described nearly half a century ago, significant progress has been made in understanding its underlying pathophysiology and developing treatment modalities. The purpose of this review is to discuss the rationale behind mechanical interventions for CV as well as the efficacy and complications associated with these treatment options. Methods: The authors summarize the pertinent literature on the mechanical treatment of CV, focusing first on balloon angioplasty, second on therapy combined with intra-arterial drug infusion, and concluding by briefly discussing intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation. The epidemiology, pathophysiology, technique, outcome, timing and complications are discussed for each treatment option. Results: A review of the relevant medical literature reveals that in the last 20 years, endovascular techniques including transluminal balloon angioplasty, intra-arterial drug infusion and newer experimental strategies have provided an i...
A longitudinal study examining the effects of a season of American football on lipids and lipoproteins

Dyslipidemia is one factor cited for increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in American football players. However, American football players undergo physical conditioning which is known to influence lipids. This study examined if the physical activity of an American football season is associated with changes in lipids and if a relationship exists between lipids and body composition. Fourteen division I freshmen American football players had blood drawn prior to summer training (T1), end of competition (T2), and end of spring training (T3). Samples were analyzed for total cholesterol (TCHL), HDL-C, LDL-C, and triglycerides (TG). Body composition was assessed via dual-x-ray absorptiometry. National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) lipid categorization was used to characterize participants. Pearson correlations were computed to determine relationships. Body mass increased T2 (p = 0.008) as a result of increase in fat mass (p = 0.005) and remained high despite a decrease T3. Lean mass did not differ significantly at any time. No significant time effects were observed for lipids measured. The number of participants presenting with risk factors attributed to dyslipidemia varied. By T3, no participant was categorized as “low” for HDL-C. TCHL was moderately correlated (r = 0.60) with fat mass at T1; whereas a moderate correlation (r = −0.57) was observed between BMI and HDL-C at T2. TG was strongly correlated with fat mass at each time point (T1, r = 0.83; T2, r = 0.94; T3, r = 0.70). The physical activity associated with a season of football results in little change in blood lipids and CVD risk. Further, TG are strongly related to fat mass. Future research should focus on examining the cause of dyslipidemia in American football players.
MICROSTRUCTURAL INVESTIGATION OF IRRADIATED PRESSURE VESSEL STEEL WELD METAL

Etude par microscopie ionique a emission de champ a microsonde atomique de la redistribution du solute. L'irradiation neutronique provoque la formation d'amas riches en cuivre, manganese et nickel
Asthma Patients' Activities and Air Pollution: A Semiparametric Censored Regression Analysis

Asthma patients' health status may be especially sensitive to some types of air pollution, but the evidence on this is mixed. We explore the effects of ground-level ozone on asthma patient's activities, breaking apart the usual aggregated category of leisure into indoor and outdoor activities, and differentiating those by whether the activities were active or inactive. Applying the semiparametric censored estimation method we demonstrate that even though the period over which activities were observed was relatively low in ozone levels, there is a significant impact of ozone on a few activities. The (non-ozone) economic and demographic variables in the model play significant roles in explaining the allocation of time among seven activities, suggesting the suitability of the approach for other household decision-making contexts.
A proposed augmentative and alternative communication model

A rationale for the development of a communication model is discussed and a specific model for augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) is proposed. The model is explored in terms of features common to communication models and AAC features, such as alteration of feedback, interfacing with the environment, means of representation, selection, and transmission of a message, and increased potential for message distortion. The major parameters of the AAC model are: sender, message, transmitters, AAC transmission processes, AAC interface, internal feedback, transmission environment, communication environment, receiver, and external feedback. It is hoped that the proposed model will generate a new way of thinking about the field of AAC.
Sustained simultaneous high-speed imaging of scalar and velocity fields using a single laser

A high-speed technique that combines planar laser induced fluorescence (PLIF) detection of biacetyl and particle image velocimetry (PIV) for simultaneous imaging of scalar and velocity fields is demonstrated at a frame rate of 12 kHz for up to 32500 consecutive frames. A single diode-pumped, frequency-tripled Nd-YAG laser was used for excitation. Wavelength-separated recording was achieved for Mie scattering from silicone oil droplets with a CMOS camera and for the red-shifted fluorescence from biacetyl with an image-intensified CMOS camera. Interference between PIV and PLIF tracers was found to be negligible. Cross-talk between PIV and PLIF signals was low and a strategy to completely eliminate it was devised and is discussed. The signal-to-noise ratio is about 9 for single-shot scalar images. Example image sequences were recorded in an atmospheric pressure air jet at Re=2000.