cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Personal and Cosmic Salvation in Origen

The apocatastasis is one of the most controversial concepts Origen uses. Attempts to determine the cyclical or linear nature of Origen's concept of time have most been based on his speculation about the apocatastasis. In trying to put forth conclusive results, however, scholars may have missed a very important aspect of Origen's thought. The connnection between the apocatastasis and the achievement of salvation has not been sufficiently studied and clarified. An examination of the relationship between the two concepts, or spiritual "events", reveals that there are two separate currents of thought in Origen's eschatological speculation. The two currents sometimes are mixed together giving the impression that Origen was inconsistent. I propose that the two currents of thought co-exist and reflect different levels of theological speculation just as Origen postulates various levels of exegetical understanding. The salvation of the cosmos and of each individual in it is the basis of the doctrine of the apocatastasis. This salvation will occur at the end of time, although we know that Origen's insistence on free will leaves open the possibility for the relapse of any individual intelligible nature at any time. We also find passages in Origen's writings which refer to the possibility of certain individuals achieving salvation or consummation before the apocatastasis. These are the two currents, (1) future/cosmic salvation achieved at the apocatastasis, and (2) present/individual salvation. Throughout our examination of Origen's eschatological and soteriological speculation, it will be very important to keep in mind that many of the treatises to be discussed were not intended by Origen to be any more than speculation. Origen warns his readers in several places that his discussions are just that-discussions and not dogma. Any idea put forth, therefore, should always be regarded as subject to sharp scrutiny and modification if necessary, "... the reader must carefully
Interdisciplinary Projects Emerging Naturally: Reflection From a Doctoral Student’s First AAACE Conference

In this article, the author discusses how the 60th annual American Association for Adult and Continuing Education conference was a site for everyday informal learning, interdisciplinarity, and inte...
Robust design of microbubble drag reduction in a channel flow using the Taguchi method

This study attempts to obtain optimum parametric levels for robust design of the microbubble drag reduction in a turbulent channel flow. This work was carried out experimentally by measuring the frictional resistance on the upper wall of the channel to analyze the efficiency of drag reduction. Considering the mean flow speed as an indicative factor, several controllable factors that influence the effect of microbubble drag reduction were investigated in this work by using the Taguchi method. The controllable factors in this study were the amount of air injected, area of air injection, and microbubble size. For the condition of optimum parametric levels, the effect of drag reduced could reach up to 21.6%.
Role of Individual Attachments in the Dissolution of Interorganizational Relationships

In this study, we propose that changes affecting the resource fit between organizations exchanging resources provide an impetus for the dissolution of their relationships, whereas the individual an...
Treatment of advanced esthesioneuroblastoma with high-dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation. A case report.

Une femme de 46 ans presente un esthesioneuroblastome avance non resecable qui n'a pas repondu a la radiotherapie et a une cure de chimiotherapie. Elle a ete soumise a un traitement par la chimiotherapie a doses elevees (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicine et vinblastine) survie de transplantation de moelle osseuse autologue. La principale toxicite a ete une mucosite oropharyngee grave. Une remission complete a ete obtenue et la malade est exempte de la maladie et asymptomatique 3,5 ans apres le traitement
Nesiritide: new hope for acute heart failure syndromes?

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a peptide hormone that exerts cardiac, renal, and hormonal effects, and is produced by the myocardium as part of the compensatory response of the failing heart. The therapeutic benefits of exogenous BNP administration to patients with acute heart failure syndromes have been demonstrated, and recombinant human BNP (nesiritide) was licensed in the USA for the treatment of this condition in 2001. Recent studies have also found that the beneficial effects of BNP in patients with heart failure extend beyond haemodynamics, to include natriuretic, renoprotective, and anti-remodelling properties. New therapeutic opportunities for BNP are also under investigation, including the possibility of long-term use in patients with chronic congestive heart failure.
Visiting Preferences of Cardiovascular Patients

The purpose of this study is to compare differences in patient preferences for visitors during hospitalization for a cardiovascular event specifically comparing cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) patients to those on cardiac step down units (SDU). A convenience sample 63 subjects from the CICU, mean age of 61.2 +/- 14.4 years, 21 males and 41 females, were compared with 61 subjects, mean age of 67.9 +/- 14.4 years, 15 females and 46 males, on the "Patient's Perception of Visits in the Hospital" questionnaire. The CICU patient perceived higher value for visiting specifically because visitors assisted with interpretation of information (P<.02), were calming (P<.05), providing information about them to staff (P<.01), helped with care (P<.000), and reinforced treatments (P<.004). There were no differences in total stressor score between CICU and SDU patients, though the CICU patient worried more about their visitors traveling (P<.025). The SDU patient perceived that visitors were disruptive to rest (P<.001) and that visitors intensified their pain (P<.008). The majority of patients preferred unlimited visiting hours, with 3 visitors at a time, and some limits on children. Text data identified unlimited visiting for close family members, the benefit of support from visitors, and the stress of lengthy visits. These data provide voice to cardiovascular patient's perception of visitors.
Inhibition of biliverdin reductase increases ANG II-dependent superoxide levels in cultured renal tubular epithelial cells

Induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the renal medulla increases carbon monoxide and bilirubin production and decreases ANG II-mediated superoxide production. The goal of this study was to deter...
Pattern recognition of the polygraph using fuzzy classification

Polygraph tests are a widely used method to distinguish between truth and deception. Polygraph charts are usually analyzed by human interpreters. However, computer algorithms are now being developed to score the tests or verify the results. These methods are based on statistical classification techniques. In this study a number of time, frequency and correlation domain features were selected and used. The fuzzy K-nearest neighbor algorithm was used to classify the polygraph charts; a correct classification of ninety-one percent was obtained for a set of one hundred case files supplied by the NSA. >
Regulation of Salivary Proteins

Previous studies have shown that several factors — such as alloxan-induced diabetes, adrenalectomy, or removal of the thyroid-parathyroid gland complex — can influence the flow rate, protein concentration, and protein composition of rat parotid saliva. The present study was undertaken to explore further the influence of glucocorticoids and thyroxine on rat parotid saliva in hormonally intact animals. As compared with untreated animals, adult male rats treated with 10 μg dexamethasone per 100 g body weight for eight days demonstrated a 75% reduction in volume of parotid saliva secreted in response to a uniform stimulus. The protein concentration of the saliva was increased three-fold. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed relative decreases in acidic and basic proline-rich proteins and in a protein identified as Fraction V, while amylase was increased. The electron microscopic appearance of the granules was markedly different from that of the control, in that the granules exhibit...
Feasibility of confocal fluorescence microscopy for real-time evaluation of neoplasia in fresh human breast tissue

Breast cancer management could be improved by developing real-time imaging tools to assess tissue architecture without extensive processing. We sought to determine whether confocal fluorescence microscopy (CFM) provides sufficient information to identify neoplasia in breast tissue. Breast tissue specimens were imaged following proflavine application. Regions of interest (ROIs) were selected in histologic slides and in the correspond- ing region on confocal images, and then divided into sets for training and validation. Readers reviewed images in the training set and evaluated images in the validation set for the presence of neoplasia. Accuracy was assessed using histologic diagnosis as the gold standard. Seventy tissue specimens from 31 patients were imaged; 235 ROIs were identified and diagnosed as neoplastic or non-neoplastic. A training set was assembled using 23 matched ROIs; 49 matched ROIs were assembled into a validation set. Neoplasia was identified in histologic images: 93% sensitivity, 97% specificity (area under the curve (AUC ¼ 0.987)) and in confocal images: 93% sensitivity 93% specificity (AUC ¼ 0.957). CFM produced images of architectural features in breast tissue comparable with conventional histology, while requiring little processing. Potential applications include assessment of excised tissue margins and evaluation of tissue adequacy for bio-banking and genomic studies. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the
Dynamics and Resilience of Rangelands and Pastoral Peoples Around the Globe

Rangelands cover more of Earth's land surface than any other type of land. They have variable and harsh climates, are sparsely populated and remote from markets, produce significant quantities of livestock, and are mostly used and managed in common. Under this already unpredictable and harsh climate, pastoral peoples and rangelands face new and accelerating political, economic, and climatic stresses that challenge their coupled resilience and ability to adapt. In response, pastoralists are creating new ways to manage rangelands through conservancies and community-based institutions on state, common, and private land. In this review, we focus on recent advances in our understanding of rangeland social-ecological systems, as well as on the causes and consequences of change in these systems. We then explore how pastoral peoples, governments, and businesses are responding to these changes to build resilience to sustain both pastoralism and rangelands. We close with a description of unresolved issues, challeng...
Accurate Modeling of the Intramolecular Electrostatic Energy of Proteins

The (ϕ, ψ) energy surface of blocked alanine (N-acetyl–N′-methyl alanineamide) was calculated at the Hartree-Fock (HF)/6-31G* level using ab initio molecular orbital theory. A collection of six electrostatic models was constructed, and the term electrostatic model was used to refer to (1) a set of atomic charge densities, each unable to deform with conformation; and (2) a rule for estimating the electrostatic interaction energy between a pair of atomic charge densities. In addition to two partial charge and three multipole electrostatic models, this collection includes one extremely detailed model, which we refer to as nonspherical CPK. For each of these six electrostatic models, parameters—in the form of partial charges, atomic multipoles, or generalized atomic densities—were calculated from the HF/6-31G* wave functions whose energies define the ab initio energy surface. This calculation of parameters was complicated by a problem that was found to originate from the locking in of a set of atomic charge densities, each of which contains a small polarization-induced deformation from its idealized unpolarized state. It was observed that the collective contribution of these small polarization-induced deformations to electrostatic energy differences between conformations can become large relative to ab initio energy differences between conformations. For each of the six electrostatic models, this contribution was reduced by an averaging of atomic charge densities (or electrostatic energy surfaces) over a large collection of conformations. The ab initio energy surface was used as a target with respect to which relative accuracies were determined for the six electrostatic models. A collection of 42 more complete molecular mechanics models was created by combining each of our six electrostatic models with a collection of seven models of repulsion + dispersion + intrinsic torsional energy, chosen to provide a representative sample of functional forms and parameter sets. A measure of distance was defined between model and ab initio energy surfaces; and distances were calculated for each of our 42 molecular mechanics models. For most of our 12 standard molecular mechanics models, the average error between model and ab initio energy surfaces is greater than 1.5 kcal/mol. This error is decreased by (1) careful treatment of the nonspherical nature of atomic charge densities, and (2) accurate representation of electrostatic interaction energies of types 1—2 and 1—3. This result suggests an electrostatic origin for at least part of the error between standard model and ab initio energy surfaces. Given the range of functional forms that is used by the current generation of protein potential functions, these errors cannot be corrected by compensating for errors in other energy components. © 1995 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A Modified Spatio-Temporal Orthogonal Iteration Method for Multichannel Audio Signal Representation

In this paper, we present a novel algorithm for a spatio-temporal extension of the well-known method of orthogonal iterations in linear algebra. This algorithm estimates an n-input, m-output (m ≪ n) paraunitary filter bank from a multichannel data auto-correlation sequence to maximize the total output power of the filter bank when applied to an n-dimensional input signal. We then show how this procedure can be used to generate reduced rank signal representations of recordings of m audio sources in a room as collected by an n-channel microphone array. The importance of the method for determining the number of active sound sources in a room for convolutive blind source separation is also discussed.
Pharmacologic blockade of JAK1/JAK2 reduces GvHD and preserves the graft-versus-leukemia effect.

We have recently reported that interferon gamma receptor deficient (IFNγR−/−) allogeneic donor T cells result in significantly less graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) than wild-type (WT) T cells, while maintaining an anti-leukemia or graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) effect after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). We demonstrated that IFNγR signaling regulates alloreactive T cell trafficking to GvHD target organs through expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR3 in alloreactive T cells. Since IFNγR signaling is mediated via JAK1/JAK2, we tested the effect of JAK1/JAK2 inhibition on GvHD. While we demonstrated that pharmacologic blockade of JAK1/JAK2 in WT T cells using the JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor, INCB018424 (Ruxolitinib), resulted in a similar effect to IFNγR−/− T cells both in vitro (reduction of CXCR3 expression in T cells) and in vivo (mitigation of GvHD after allo-HSCT), it remains to be determined if in vivo administration of INCB018424 will result in preservation of GvL while reducing GvHD. Here, we report that INCB018424 reduces GvHD and preserves the beneficial GvL effect in two different murine MHC-mismatched allo-HSCT models and using two different murine leukemia models (lymphoid leukemia and myeloid leukemia). In addition, prolonged administration of INCB018424 further improves survival after allo-HSCT and is superior to other JAK1/JAK2 inhibitors, such as TG101348 or AZD1480. These data suggest that pharmacologic inhibition of JAK1/JAK2 might be a promising therapeutic approach to achieve the beneficial anti-leukemia effect and overcome HLA-barriers in allo-HSCT. It might also be exploited in other diseases besides GvHD, such as organ transplant rejection, chronic inflammatory diseases and autoimmune diseases.
The three-dimensional shear wave structure in the mantle by overtone waveform inversion - I. Radial seismogram inversion

Summary. The three-dimensional (3-D) shear wave structure of the mantle, down to the depth of about 900 km, is obtained by inverting waveforms of radial component seismograms. Radial component seismograms contain large amplitude overtone signals which circle the Earth as wave packets and are sometimes called X1, X2, X3, … We use data which contain R1, X1 and X2 and filtered between 2 and 10mHz. It is shown that, unless each seismogram is weighted, all seismograms are not fitted uniformly. Only data from large earthquakes are fitted and the final velocity anomalies are biased by the small number of large earthquake data. Resolution is good at shallow depths, becomes worse in the intermediate depth range between about 400 and 500 km and then becomes better at greater depth ranges (600–900km). Even though we use only spheroidal mode data, velocity anomalies in the shallow structure show excellent correlation with the age of the surface rocks of the Earth. In the deeper regions, between about 600 and 900km, South America shows a fast velocity anomaly which may indicate the slab penetration beyond 700 km there. Another region which shows a fast velocity anomaly is the Mariana trench, but other subduction regions do not show such features.
"Bloodline Is All I Need": Defiant Indigeneity and Hawaiian Hip-Hop

On August 19, 2005, well-known 1990s black-nationalist rap group Public Enemy performed before a small crowd at Kapi‘olani Community College on the island of O‘ahu.1 Diamond Head Crater loomed in the distance, looking like a picture postcard, dwarfing the stage, and framing the half-empty field in which the concert was held. It was Admission Day, a day to commemorate Hawai‘i’s statehood, but no mention was made of statehood by any of the local opening acts.2 The event was billed as “The First Annual Hawai‘i Hip-Hop Festival,” with Public Enemy headlining, supported by local opening acts J-Bird, Spookahuna, Parc Cyde, Emirc, and Krystilez. As I watched these young Pacific Islander men jump and gesticulate across the stage, rapping about chasing punanis (a slang term for vagina), I yawned and sighed. The performance felt indicative of hip-hop’s mainstreaming impulses, in which political consciousness and misogyny, alongside the contradictions and possibilities of hip-hop, were laid bare on stage.3 Rather than dismissing these men as inauthentic sexist hip-hop wannabes who are damaging and undesirable
Exploring hints for dark energy density evolution in light of recent data

Abstract Considering a quadratic parameterization of the dark energy density, we explore signatures of evolution using data from gas mass fraction in clusters, type Ia supernova, BAO and CMB. We find – excluding CMB data – a preference for an evolution of ρ de ( z ) towards smaller values as the redshift increases, a result consistent with a recent study using the BAO DR11 data by Delubac et al. (2015).
An Amphiphysin-Like Domain in Fus2p Is Required for Rvs161p Interaction and Cortical Localization

Cell-cell fusion fulfils essential roles in fertilization, development and tissue repair. In the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, fusion between two haploid cells of opposite mating type generates the diploid zygote. Fus2p is a pheromone-induced protein that regulates cell wall removal during mating. Fus2p shuttles from the nucleus to localize at the shmoo tip, bound to Rvs161p, an amphiphysin. However, Rvs161p independently binds a second amphiphysin, Rvs167p, playing an essential role in endocytosis. To understand the basis of the Fus2p-Rvs161p interaction, we analyzed Fus2p structural domains. A previously described N-terminal domain (NTD) is necessary and sufficient to regulate nuclear/cytoplasmic trafficking of Fus2p. The Dbl homology domain (DBH) binds GTP-bound Cdc42p; binding is required for cell fusion, but not localization. We identified an approximately 200 amino acid region of Fus2p that is both necessary and sufficient for Rvs161p binding. The Rvs161p binding domain (RBD) contains three predicted alpha-helices; structural modeling suggests that the RBD adopts an amphiphysin-like structure. The RBD contains a 13-amino-acid region, conserved with Rvs161p and other amphiphysins, which is essential for binding. Mutations in the RBD, predicted to affect membrane binding, abolish cell fusion without affecting Rvs161p binding. We propose that Fus2p/Rvs161p form a novel heterodimeric amphiphysin required for cell fusion. Rvs161p binding is required but not sufficient for Fus2p localization. Mutations in the C-terminal domain (CTD) of Fus2p block localization, but not Rvs161p binding, causing a significant defect in cell fusion. We conclude that the Fus2p CTD mediates an additional, Rvs161p-independent interaction at the shmoo tip.
The origin mechanism of coalbed methane in the eastern edge of Ordos Basin

In the eastern edge of the Ordos Basin, the coalbed methane (CBM) development has not made substantial progress in the past 20 years, and the origin of gas can be used to guide the CBM block-selecting and development. Based on the 37 sets of carbon isotope data, the origin of the gas was determined and the origin mechanism was studied in this work. The δ13CPDB of methane ranges from −70.5‰ to −36.19‰ in the eastern edge in the Ordos Basin and the value becomes heavier from the north to the south. The secondary biogenic gas and the thermogenic gas are mixed in the shallow area and the thermogenic gas occurs in the medium and deep levels. The phenomenon is controlled mainly by the distribution of coal rank and hydrodynamics. Firstly, based on the relationship between China coal rank and methane δ13CPDB, the medium rank coal is dominant in the eastern edge of the Ordos Basin, and the mixture of the secondary biogenic gas and the thermogenic gas is formed in the coal of vitrinite reflectant ratio (Rmax) between 0.5% and 2.0% if there is appropriate hydrodynamics; at the same time, because of the shallow burial depth, and the well-developed coal outcrop, meteoric water and other surface water carrying bacteria recharge the coal reservoir, metabolize the organic compounds at a relatively low temperature, and generate methane and carbon dioxide. Wherever the trapping mechanisms occur in the coal, such as Liulin and Hancheng, modern gas content should be high.
Genetic causal attributions for weight status and weight loss during a behavioral weight gain prevention intervention

Emerging evidence suggests that attributing one’s weight to genetics may contribute to the adoption of obesogenic behaviors. We investigated whether weight-related genetic attributions were associated with weight change during a weight gain prevention intervention. Participants (n = 185) were from a randomized clinical trial of a digital health weight gain prevention intervention for black women ages 25–44 years with body mass index 25.0–34.9 kg/m2. Weight-related genetic attributions (weight status attribution and weight loss attributions) were measured at baseline and 12 months. Among intervention participants, high genetic attribution for weight loss was associated with greater weight loss at 12 months (−2.7 vs. 0.5 kg) and 18 months (−3.0 vs. 0.9 kg). Among usual-care participants, high genetic attribution for weight status was associated with greater 18-month weight gain (2.9 vs. 0.3 kg). The intervention reduced the likelihood of high genetic attribution for weight loss at 12 months (P = 0.05). Change in the likelihood of genetic attribution was not associated with weight change over 12 months. Impact of genetic attributions on weight differs for those enrolled and not enrolled in an intervention. However, weight gain prevention intervention may reduce genetic attribution for weight loss. Genet Med 18 5, 476–482.
A report from the European Society of Cardiology Congress 2011 (August 27-31, 2011 -- Paris, France).

Paris, known as the city of light or the illuminated city, is, thus, an appropriate site for a major international conference in which advances in research and new findings and observations are reported and discussed, as was the case during this year's European Society of Cardiology meeting. Indeed, not only were new results from major clinical trials presented, but initial clinical and preclinical research results were also reported during the meeting oral and poster sessions which, in many cases, represent major steps towards improved cardiovascular pharmacotherapy for many common diseases shortening the lives of people around the world. For those who could not attend the meeting, Drugs of Today has wrapped up the major takehome messages from the meeting in the following report.
Field Cage Tests for Concentrations of Carbaryl in a Bait and Its Application Rates for Control of Mormon Cricket12

Field tests with small cages were used to determine if a reduced concentration of carbaryl (Sevin® 4 Oil) in a flaky wheat bran bait and a reduced rate of application of the bait could still yield satisfactory control of Anabrus simplex Haldeman on rangeland. A reduction from 5% AI to 2% AI in concentration yielded no statistical difference in mortality. The tests indicate that control with bait may be achieved with 60% less carbaryl and a reduction in rate of application as great as 75% when compared with present carbaryl bait labels.
A W Ne interatomic potential for simulation of neon implantation in tungsten

Abstract An interatomic pair potential for W Ne is developed for atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of neon implantation in tungsten. The new potential predicts point defect energies and binding energies of small clusters that are in good agreement with electronic structure calculations. Molecular dynamics simulations of small neon clusters in tungsten show that trap mutation, in which an interstitial neon cluster displaces a tungsten atom from its lattice site, occurs for clusters of three or more neon atoms. However, near a free surface, trap mutation can occur at smaller sizes, including even a single neon interstitial in close proximity to a (100) or (110) surface.
A portable liquid power factor instrument

An instrument has been developed which provides a direct reading of the power factor of new and used insulating liquids with accuracy comparable to laboratory types. A unique bridge circuit is employed at fixed high voltage excitation at power line frequency which permits guarded cell measurements to be made, both in the instrument chamber itself or remotely at the end of a guarded shielded cable. The instrument is portable and double shielded to minimize electrostatic interference experienced in power distribution on-site measurements. Dielectric constants can also be determined. Problems involved in maintaining accuracy at high ambient relative humidities are also discussed.
Cause of fatal injuries among residents in disease surveillance spots in Yunnan Province From 2006-2012

[Objective]To analyze the mortality and cause of fatal injuries among residents,and provide basic data for adopting interventions in Yunnan Province.[Methods]Data on death from the 6 national disease surveillance spots in Yunnan Province from 2006-2012 was used to analyze the mortality and cause of fatal injuries by descriptive epidemiology method. [Results]From 2006-2012,the mortality of fatal injuries was 75. 16/100 00-89. 21/100 000,84. 01/100 000 of average mortality and 87. 80/100 000 of standardized mortality among residents in disease surveillance spots in Yunnan Province. The male injury mortality was 2. 4 times of the female. The five leading cause of fatal injuries was falls,suicide,motor vehicle accidents,accidental poisoning and drown. [Conclusion]Injury is one of the main death causes in Yunnan Province and is the most important risk factor for the aged and senior citizens. Injury intervention should be included in disease control program by the government.
Rapid Learning Systems

Rapid learning systems represent an opportunity for advancing evidence-based medical care through the development of integrated health systems that aggregate and apply evidence from real-time clinical data. Despite the continual growth of the published medical literature, patients and providers alike are often unsure of best practices surrounding therapies and supportive care for a variety of medical conditions including cancer. Health-care spending in oncology patients is growing in the USA, and the value of purchased oncology care is not well defined. The ultimate application of new knowledge from the medical literature to an individual patient with consideration of efficacy and cost is thus at best unclear. Rapid learning systems offer the potential to leverage real-time, practice-based clinical data in conjunction with research, administrative, and patient-reported data to drive the process of scientific discovery and address these knowledge gaps. Efforts to develop such systems are supported by the evolution of more sophisticated health information technologies, comparative effectiveness research, patient-reported outcome research, and an increasing focus on quality improvement. Rapid learning systems provide the opportunity for continuous bidirectional learning and have the potential to positively reshape individual care delivery. In this chapter, we will discuss the components of rapid learning systems and explore some working examples of rapid learning systems.
MO-DE-201-02: Self Awareness

Medical physicists possess technical knowledge and problem solving skills required to deliver high quality diagnosis and treatment in the clinic, to provide excellence in research, or to transfer expertise in industrial or regulatory environments. As the healthcare industry rapidly evolves, medical physicists must make a case for ensuring recognition of their value. One of many ways the AAPM is working to ensure stewardship of the profession is through development of the Medical Physics Leadership Academy (MPLA). This session will provide an introduction to the MPLA and one of its focus areas of emotional intelligence. The session will make the case for emotional competencies in addition to technical competencies. MPLA work group representatives will share consolidated results from conducting 360 feedback assessments used to measure emotional competencies of medical physicists. Some emotional competencies contribute more to professional success than others, and the session will explain how to overcome shortcomings. Two specific emotional competencies will be covered: selfawareness and empathy. Learning Objectives: 1.Understand the importance of medical physics leadership in the future of health care 2.Understand emotional intelligence and emotional competencies and ways they can be measured 3.Utilize self-awareness and empathy to improve management of our own emotions and others
The Influence of Health Messaging Source and Frequency on Maternal Smoking and Child Exposure among Low-Income Mothers.

AbstractAddressing maternal smoking and child tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) remains a public health priority, particularly in low-income, underserved populations which are known to experience the highest TSE rates and tobacco-related morbidity/mortality. Little is known about the types of TSE messaging received in high-risk populations, and which communication channels are influential in promoting smokers’ efforts to protect children from TSE. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between reported sources and frequency of TSE-reduction health messages maternal smokers received and the effects of the messaging on smoking- and TSE-reduction-related behaviors. Maternal smokers from low-income communities in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania who were enrolled at baseline in the Family Rules for Establishing Smokefree Homes trial (N = 359) were included in this study. Each participant completed a 60-minute in-home baseline interview, which included questions about their smoking history, current smoking...
Optimizing Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma Using Risk Stratified Allocation to Single Versus Tandem Autologous SCT.

Abstract 3123 Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy with variable prognosis depending on disease features such as β2m level and cytogenetics. High dose therapy and stem cell transplantation (SCT) remains the current standard of care for MM, however the role of tandem SCT is controversial, particularly in the era of novel induction therapy. Methods: The Virginia Commonwealth University BMT program has a practice of risk-stratified transplant allocation in MM patients referred for SCT; those with high-risk (HR) disease (β2m >5.5, adverse cytogenetics, >1st remission) are preferentially assigned tandem SCT, and those with standard-risk (SR), a single SCT. Between 2008 and 2011, 146 MM patients underwent SCT, 64 (44%) SR patients received a single SCT (SRS), 32 (22%) HR patients received tandem SCT (HRT) & 50 (34%) a single SCT (HRS). Median age at SCT was 58 years. Maintenance therapy was administered in 48% SRS, 53% HRT & 63% HRS patients. Results: Disease status at day 100 post-transplant was complete response (CR) or very good partial response (VGPR) in 84%, 75% and 72% patients in the SRS, HRT, and HRS groups respectively. Patients in the HRT group (41%) were more likely to achieve CR than in the HRS group (18%) (P=0.04). At a median follow up of 23 months, there was no difference in the relapse incidence (Figure 1) between the HRT and SRS groups (Log Rank P=0.22) or between the HRT and HRS groups (Log Rank P=0.64), however the relapse incidence for SRS was lower than for HRS group (Log Rank P=0.01). Correspondingly, there is no difference in the estimated survival between the HRT and SRS (Log Rank P=0.12), or between the HRT and HRS groups (Log Rank P=0.57), though the survival for the SRS group is superior to HRS group (Log Rank P=0.025) (Figure 2). Estimated 2-year survival rates are 0.96 (95% CI: 0.88, 1.00), 0.87 (0.73, 1.0), and 0.79 (0.65, 0.94) in the SRS, HRT and HRS groups respectively, where the SRS survival is significantly higher than the HRS group (Log Rank P=0.047). This was attributable to a lower 1-year relapse rate of 0.10 (0.02, 0.19), 0.07 (0.00, 0.16) in the SRS, HRT groups compared to 0.29 (0.15, 0.43) in the HRS group (Log Rank P Conclusions: We report that HR MM patients undergoing tandem transplant have a higher response rate and thus a correspondingly lower relapse risk and improved survival comparable to SR. Therefore risk stratification in patients with MM using simple clinical and laboratory parameters may be used to guide single versus tandem SCT allocation. HR MM patients who cannot get tandem transplant for insurance or clinical reasons may benefit from receiving bortezomib as part of pre-transplant therapy with a goal to achieve maximal cytoreduction. Further benefit in these patients may be derived from post-transplant maintenance therapy. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Flow phenomena and its impact on air-sparged hydrocyclone flotation of quartz

Fluid flow phenomena and therefore the flotation efficiency of air-sparged hydrocyclone (ASH) flotation are strongly dependent on operating and design variables such as air and slurry flow rates, underflow and overflow opening areas, percent solids of the feed, reagent levels, particle size and ASH length. Time-averaged multiphase flow characteristics, as determined by X-ray CT (described in a previous publication), are used to understand and explain the steady-state ASH flotation of quartz. A detailed parametric study of quartz flotation by a nominal 2-in. diam. air-sparged hydrocyclone (ASH-2C) revealed the influence of these variables on the flotation response, which is discussed in terms of the multiphase flow characteristics. Thus, a phenomenological description of quartz flotation has been established to assist in the further development and utilization of the ASH technology.
Multiparametric MRI/ultrasound fusion-guided biopsy decreases detection of indolent cancer in African-American men

Analysis of systematic 12-core biopsies (SBx) has shown that African-American (AA) men tend to harbor higher risk prostate cancer (PCa) at presentation relative to other races. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and MRI-ultrasound fusion-guided biopsy (FBx) have been shown to diagnose more intermediate- and high-risk PCa in the general population; however, the efficacy in AA remains largely uncharacterized. We aim to evaluate the utility of FBx in an AA patient cohort. Men suspected of PCa underwent an mpMRI and FBx with concurrent SBx from 2007 to 2015 in this institutional review board-approved prospective cohort study. Patient demographics, imaging and fusion biopsy variables were collected. χ2, Mann–Whitney U-test and McNemar’s tests were performed to compare proportions, means and paired variables, respectively. Clinically significant PCa (CSPCa) was defined as Gleason score ⩾3+4. Fusion biopsy demonstrated exact agreement with SBx risk categories in 64% of AA men. There was no statistically significant difference in the detection of CSPCa between FBx vs SBx (68 vs 62 cases, P=0.36). However, FBx detected 41% fewer cases of clinically insignificant PCa (CIPCa) compared with SBx (FBx 30 vs SBx 51 cases, P=0.0004). The combined FBx/SBx biopsy approach detected significantly more cases of CSPCa (FBx/SBx 80 vs SBx 62 cases, P=0.004) while detecting comparable number of cases of CIPCa (FBx/SBx 45 vs SBx 51 cases, P=0.37) compared with SBx alone. FBx/SBx also detected more CSPCa in patients with a history of prior negative SBx (FBx/SBx 28 vs 19 cases, P=0.003). FBx when used in combination with SBx detected more cases of CSPCa while not significantly increasing the diagnosis of CIPCa in AA men. Future multicenter studies will be needed to validate ultimately the clinical implications of FBx in AA patients.
Performance comparison of three medium-energy collimators for lesion detection task in In-111 SPECT

498 Objectives: The objective is to compare the performance of 3 GE medium-energy collimators for optimum lesion detection in In-111 ProstaScint® SPECT using computer simulation. Methods: The extended 3D NCAT phantoms were used to model the patients’ anatomical structures and organ uptake ratios. Two elliptical-lesion sizes each with 3 lesion-to-background contrasts were used to simulate variations at 9 different lymph-node locations. A GE VG Millennium SPECT system and 3 collimators: MEGP, MEGP-M and MEGP-M2 with different trade-off between resolution and detection efficiency were modeled in Monte-Carlo simulation. The SimSET Monte-Carlo code and efficient collimator detector response generators were used to generate “noise-free” projection data, which were scaled to clinical count level and Poisson noise were added to generate noisy realizations. The projection datasets were reconstructed using OS-EM with 4 subsets and with attenuation, scatter and collimator-detector response compensations. The CHO and ROC methodology were used to compare lesion detectability, in terms of maximum area under ROC curve (AUC), of the 3 collimators using optimized OS-EM update number and post-filtering cut-off frequency. Results: Results from the CHO and ROC study showed that the maximum AUC values using MEGP-M and MEGP-M2 collimators are consistently greater than that of the MEGP collimator with the best resolution but lowest efficiency for all lesion-variation combinations and the differences are statistically significant. The differences between the maximum AUC values of using the MEGP-M and MEGP-M2 collimators are statistically insignificant. Conclusions: Our study indicates the MEGP-M and MEGP-M2 collimators show better lesion detection performance for In-111 SPECT than the MEGP collimator. Research Support: GE Research Contract
Pulmonary toxicity of e-cigarettes

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes or e-cigs) are designed to heat and aerosolize mixtures of vegetable glycerin, propylene glycol, nicotine, and flavoring additives, thus delivering nicotine by inhalation in the absence of combustion. These devices were originally developed to facilitate smoking cessation and have been available in the United States for over a decade. Since 2010, e-cig use has expanded rapidly, especially among adolescents, despite a paucity of short- and long-term safety data. Patterns of use have shifted to include never smokers and many dual users of e-cigs and combustible tobacco products. Over the last several years, research into the potential toxicities of e-cig aerosols has grown exponentially. In the interim, regulatory policymakers across the world have struggled with how to regulate an increasingly diverse array of suppliers and products, against a backdrop of strong advocacy from users, manufacturers, and tobacco control experts. Herein we provide an updated review of the pulmonary toxicity profile of these devices, summarizing evidence from cell culture, animal models, and human subjects. We highlight the major gaps in our current understanding, emphasize the challenges confronting the scientific and regulatory communities, and identify areas that require more research in this important and rapidly evolving field.
The Spatial Concentration of America's Rural Poor Population: A Postrecession Update†

This article examines changes in concentrated poverty in the rural United States between 2000 and 2012. Using data from the decennial census and American Community Survey, we address three main objectives. First, we document changes in the number and share of counties with poverty rates above 20, 30, and 40 percent, stratifying our sample by metropolitan status. Second, we use exploratory spatial methods to identify geographic patterns in county-level poverty dynamics between 2000 and 2012. Third, we estimate the share of the population living in high-poverty counties, and track changes over time and by race and poverty status. Overall, we find a substantial increase in concentrated poverty since 2000. Increases in both the number of high-poverty counties and the share of the population living in these counties were widespread, though spatially and temporally uneven in some cases. We also observe convergence in concentrated poverty between rural and micropolitan areas, and between non-Hispanic white and Hispanic populations. Overall, we observe a reversal of the declines in concentrated poverty that occurred in the 1990s, and find that in many cases this trend began prior to the Great Recession.
Role of Transition Modeling in Rotor Hover Predictions

The Langtry–Menter γ−Re˜θt transition model is used to predict the aerodynamic performance of three realistic helicopter and tiltrotor blades in hover: the XV-15 proprotor, the joint-service vertic...
Linked open data (LOD) for library special collections

The richness of legacy metadata describing items in library special collections can be an asset when these collections are digitized. Transforming legacy metadata into formats that are Linked Open Data (LOD) friendly, maximizes metadata value and better integrates digital library collections into the emerging Semantic Web. This poster details experience with mapping Dublin-Core-based metadata into the Resource Description Framework (RDF) using Schema.org vocabulary, summarizes challenges encountered and illutrates how such transformations enable additional functionality. Connections into the Semantic Web are enhanced by making item descriptions more accessible to LOD- consuming applications (e.g., Google Structured Data Testing Tool) and enabling the consumption of related LOD resources, thereby enhancing context for users of the collection. The results described here are incomplete but encouraging, suggesting user benefits and illuminating new workflows to explore and develop.
Anaphora: Philosophical Aspects

In the case of certain kinds of pronominal anaphora, it is not clear how the anaphoric pronouns should be interpreted semantically. These cases are isolated and the four major semantic approaches to such cases are sketched.
Using NMR-based metabolomics to monitor the biochemical composition of agricultural soils: A pilot study

Abstract NMR-based metabolomics plays a major role in the study of complex living systems. While there is a known connection between soil microbial metabolism and productivity in agricultural systems, very few researchers describe the application of NMR to the evaluation of agricultural soil metabolomes. Here, we introduce a simple protocol for the NMR metabolic analysis of biochemical compounds from agricultural soils where microbial communities are influenced by the application of anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD). Following ASD treatment, aqueous metabolites were extracted from soil samples and the compound identities of the resulting mixtures were determined using 1D and 2D NMR in combination with metabolome database searches. It was found that the ASD treatments altered the metabolite composition of soil as evidenced by the detection of natural biochemical products such as organic acids. Principle component analysis revealed distinct biochemical differences between non-treated and ASD-treated soils. Our findings support that this protocol is efficacious in the rapid and reliable determination of metabolite profiles even within complex mixtures obtained from ASD-treated agricultural soils. Thus, NMR spectroscopy has the potential to impact soil science by investigating the adaptable biochemical fingerprint of soil metabolomes in agricultural fields, knowledge of which may be used to improve crop production.
Probing Cilia-Associated Signaling Proteomes in Animal Evolution.

Cilia have evolved to function as essential sensory organelles in animals. To understand why cilia are intimately associated with cell signaling, Sigg et al. (2017) develop and apply a comparative proteomics approach, reported in this issue of Developmental Cell, to analyze the evolutionary relationship between cilia and various signaling pathways.
Drum: A rhythmic approach to interactive analytics on large data

In this paper, we study how to progressively answer a time-consuming query on a large data set by generating a sequence of mini-queries. We formulate an optimization problem to produce the predicates of mini-queries by considering both their total running time as well as the smoothness of result delivery in order to show the incremental results at a rhythmic pace to improve the user experience. We develop an adaptive framework called Drum that can collect the runtime behavioral statistics of the database system to decide the predicate of the next mini-query appropriately. The framework is a general middleware solution without any changes to the underlying database system. We have conducted extensive experiments on a large, real data set, and the results show that Drum can reduce the delay of delivering intermediate results to the user without sacrificing much total time.