cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Bi-Directional Motion Achieved with a Surface Micromachined Electrothermal MEMS Microengine

This research is focused on the design and experimental characterization of an electrothermal microengine that is capable of bi-directional motion. The microengine has been operated to control the position a linear shuttle and rotate a set of gears.
Bridging the Gap: Challenges and Prescriptions for Interactive Distance Education:

As interactive distance education gains prominence in management education, fanfare about the technology has overshadowed how the distance mode affects the learning context. This article addresses the gap between the technology focus and the learning environment. The authors categorize three specific challenges posed by interactive distance education: (a) the challenge of the technology delivery, (b) the challenge of the work-site context, and (c) the challenge to the student/professor relationship. Because others have written about the technology delivery, the authors focus on the work-site dynamic and the context of learning and offer prescriptions for managing these critical dynamics more effectively. The work is based on one of the author’s MBA organizational behavior classes offered via interactive video technology to seven off-campus sites simultaneously and is supplemented with field observation, student surveys, and interviews.
HRET Patient Safety Leadership Fellowship: The Role of “Community” in Patient Safety

Community engagement is widely endorsed but poorly defined as a strategy to improve patient safety. With strong evidence that engaging patients can positively influence health outcomes, it is presumed that community engagement could improve patient safety. Leaning on the models from other disciplines such as public health, the adequate knowledge and application of the principles of community engagement are critical for this approach to be effective. This article provides a description of the theories supporting patient partnership and community engagement, reviews critical elements of successful community-based programs, and identifies the potential for empowering communities to improve patient safety.
Effect of disk drive actuator unbalance on track following response to external vibration and shock

A two-disk, 2 1/2" drive with a multirate observer-based controller is tested for operating vibration and shock, and the off-track performance of the servo system is measured. Measured data are compared to analytical predictions in each case. Actuator pivot unbalance is computed by comparing analysis results to measurement for 0.5 G sine sweep excitation. Four shock excitations are considered from 20 G to 100 G in amplitude, with 11 ms and 2 ms durations. Predicted off-track displacements are converted to corresponding position error quadrature signals for comparison to measurement. Measured acceleration excitation is also used as input to the analysis. Predicted response compares favorably with measurement for operating vibration, as well as for shock excitations of 20 G (11 ms), 50 G (11 ms), and 25 G (2 ms). For 100 G (2 ms) shock, predicted response varies significantly from measurement. The paper also includes a discussion of the control algorithm typically used for head positioning in Seagate small disk drives.
ON THE RELATIVE CONSISTENCY OF SET THEORY)

We present a method for demonstrating the consistency of von NeumanGodel set theory E (or Zermelo set theory E') relative to various other formal set theories. When a model for a logic L1 is constructed, there are two other logics involved: L2, the system which contains the model, and L3, the metalogic in which the argument that L2 contains a model for L1 is carried out. These three systems need not of course all be distinct. In [2] L1 is E strengthened by the axiom V = L, L2 is E, and L3 is unformalized. In the present paper L1 will be either E or E'. The basic idea for proving the relative consistency of L1 with respect to some other system L2 is to construct in L2 a model for L1 similar to the model constructed in [2]. Since L2 may be some kind of type theory, the function corresponding to Gddel's function F must be modified in a suitable manner. In verifying the relativized versions of axioms of L1 in L2, we shall have to overcome certain special problems depending on the system L2 and not met with in [2]. Except for the remarks at the end of Section 2, we shall not consider the question of formalizing L3, i.e. we use intuitive logic as our metalogic. In Section 1 we illustrate the method by demonstrating the consistency of E relative to the system ML" obtained by adding E of [4] as an axiom
Low level bacterial endotoxin activates two distinct signaling pathways in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Background: Bacterial endotoxin, long recognized as a potent pro-inflammatory mediator in acute infectious processes, has more recently been identified as a risk factor for atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases. When endotoxin enters the bloodstream, one of the first cells activated is the circulating monocyte, which exhibits a wide range of pro-inflammatory responses. Methods: We studied the effect of low doses of E. coli LPS on IL-8 release and superoxide formation by freshly isolated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Results: IL-8 release was consistently detectable at 10 pg/ml of endotoxin, reaching a maximum at 1 ng/ml, and was exclusively produced by monocytes; the lymphocytes neither produced IL-8, nor affected monocyte IL-8 release. Superoxide production was detectable at 30 pg/ml of endotoxin, reaching a maximum at 3 ng/ml. Peak respiratory burst activity was seen at 15-20 min, and superoxide levels returned to baseline by 1 h. IL-8 release was dependent on both membrane-associated CD14 (mCD14) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4. Superoxide production was dependent on the presence of LBP, but was not significantly affected by a blocking antibody to TLR4. Moreover, treatment with lovastatin inhibited LPS-dependent IL-8 release and superoxide production. Conclusions: These findings suggest that IL-8 release and the respiratory burst are regulated by distinct endotoxindependent signaling pathways in PBMC in low level of endotoxin exposure. Selectively modulating these pathways could lead to new approaches to treat chronic inflammatory diseases, such as atherosclerosis, while preserving the capacity of monocytes to respond to acute bacterial infections.
Purification of Heparan Sulfate D-Glucosaminyl 3-O-Sulfotransferase

Abstract The cellular generation of proteoglycans with anticoagulant heparan sulfate (HSPGact) is determined by microsomal “HSact conversion activity” that functions in concert with the sulfate donor 3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphosulfate (PAPS) to convert nonanticoagulant heparan sulfate (HSinact) to anticoagulant heparan sulfate (HSact) (Shworak, N. W., Fritze, L. M. S., Liu, J., Butler, L. D., and Rosenberg, R. D. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 27063-27071). Suspension cultures of L-33+ cells in serum-free medium produce HSPGact and secrete HSact conversion activity. The secreted protein exhibiting HSact conversion activity was isolated by subjecting large volumes of conditioned suspension culture medium to heparin-AF Toyopearl affinity chromatography, Mono Q-FPLC, TSK SW3000-HPLC, and 3′,5′-ADP-agarose affinity chromatography. The final product was purified ∼700,000-fold relative to cellular material with a 5% overall recovery of HSact conversion activity. The isolated protein migrated on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as a broad band of Mr = 46,000 and co-migrated on nondenaturing acidic pH gel electrophoresis with HSact conversion activity. The purified component was identified as heparan sulfate D-glucosaminyl 3-O-sulfotransferase because it transferred sulfate from [35S]PAPS to the 3-O-position of D-glucosamine and D-glucosamine 6-O-sulfate of HSact precursor and HSinact precursor to produce nearly equivalent amounts of labeled HSact and HSinact. The exhaustive modification of wild-type LTA cell [35S]HS with either microsomal HSact conversion activity or purified enzyme increased HSact content from 9 to ∼36%, which indicates that microsomal HSact conversion activity predominantly reflects the level of a 3-O-sulfotransferase that converts HSact precursor into HSact. The kinetic parameters of purified 3-O-sulfotransferase were determined for modification of HSact precursor and HSinact precursor. The apparent KM* and Vmax* with respect to PAPS concentration for sulfation of HSact precursor and HSinact precursor were 2.4 μM and 23 fmol of sulfate/min/ng of enzyme and 2.1 μM and 38 fmol of sulfate/min/ng of enzyme, respectively. There was substrate inhibition of the sulfation reaction at elevated HS concentration. The apparent KM* and Vmax* with respect to GAG concentration for sulfation of HSact precursor and HSinact precursor were 16 nM and 120 fmol of sulfate/min/ng of enzyme and 17 nM and 240 fmol of sulfate/min/ng of enzyme, respectively. The observation that purified 3-O-sulfotransferase catalyzes sulfation of HSact precursor and HSinact precursor in conjunction with a documented discordant regulation of 3-O-sulfate content in HSinact and HSact suggests that two discrete forms of the enzyme may exist.
Psychological disorders associated with rosacea: Analysis of unscripted comments

Abstract Background: Conditions affecting the face are particularly prone to causing psychological comorbidity; patients may be reluctant to inform their physician about their psychological distress. Unscripted comments could provide novel insight regarding the psychological impact of rosacea. Aim: To assess psychologically distressing aspects of rosacea reported in an informal medical setting. Methods: Random sample of 10% of 27,051 posts analyzed, 446 comments addressed psychological effects of rosacea. Comments analyzed for symptoms of depression, anxiety, low confidence/self-esteem, and aspects of rosacea which cause distress, including symptoms, lifestyle change and difficulty with treatments. Brand names were changed to generic equivalent. Results: Symptoms of depression ( n = 44) and the desire to end life ( n = 6) were mentioned, but no comments expounded on any suicide plan. Anxiousness ( n = 7) and negative impact on confidence/self-esteem ( n = 5) were mentioned. Symptoms, or clinical manifestations ( n = 29), were the most frequently mentioned distress factor, followed by lifestyle change ( n = 20). Patients also voiced difficulty with treatments ( n = 15). Limitations: Online forums may provide patient perceptions that patients would not share with a doctor, but the sample may not be representative of all rosacea patients. Conclusions: Inquiring about psychological impact of rosacea might be helpful in identifying patients who would benefit from supportive psychological measures.
Pediatric abdominal injury patterns caused by "falls": A comparison between nonaccidental and accidental trauma.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Falling from a low height is the most common history given by caregivers of pediatric nonaccidental trauma (NAT) victims evaluated for blunt abdominal trauma (BAT). The purpose of this study is to compare the patterns of injuries seen in children with BAT who are victims of NAT with those seen after a fall-related incident. METHODS: Trauma database query from regional pediatric trauma centers identified patients were who were evaluated for BAT resulting from either NAT or a fall. Study groups included patients younger than five years who were (1) victims or NAT, or (2) fall casualties. RESULTS: Sixty-five NATs and 115 fall casualties were identified. NAT victims had higher ISS, had more severe head injuries according to AIS scores, had more hollow viscus injuries, and had more pancreatic injuries. Fall casualties were more likely to have solid organ injuries. CONCLUSIONS: When evaluating children with a history of blunt abdominal trauma caused by a fall, suspicion for NAT is warranted if the child is younger than five years, has a hollow viscus, pancreatic, and/or severe head injury and has a high ISS. Likewise, isolated splenic or renal injury allays suspicion for NAT. Language: en
Commissioning optically stimulated luminescence in vivo dosimeters for fast neutron therapy.

Purpose: Clinical in vivo dosimeters intended for use with photon and electron therapies have not been utilized for fast neutron therapy because they are highly susceptible to neutron damage. The objective of this work was to determine if a commercial optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) in vivo dosimetry system could be adapted for use in fast neutron therapy. Methods: A 50.5 MeV fast neutron beam generated by a clinical neutron therapy cyclotron was used to irradiate carbon doped aluminum oxide (Al2O3:C) optically simulated luminescence dosimeters (OSLDs) in a solid water phantom under standard calibration conditions, 150 cm SAD, 1.7 cm depth, and 10.3 × 10.0 cm field size. OSLD fading and electron trap depletion studies were performed with the OSLDs irradiated with 20 and 50 cGy and monitored over a 24-h period to determine the optimal time for reading the dosimeters during calibration. Four OSLDs per group were calibrated over a clinical dose range of 0–150 cGy. Results: OSLD measurement uncertainties were lowered to within ±2%–3% of the expected dose by minimizing the effect of transient fading that occurs with neutron irradiation and maintaining individual calibration factors for each dosimeter. Dose dependent luminescence fading extended beyond the manufacturer's recommended 10 min period for irradiation with photon or electron beams. To minimize OSL variances caused by inconsistent fading among dosimeters, the observed optimal time for reading the OSLDs postirradiation was between 30 and 90 min. No field size, wedge factor, or gantry angle dependencies were observed in the OSLDs irradiated by the studied fast neutron beam. Conclusions: Measurements demonstrated that uncertainties less than ±3% were attainable in OSLDs irradiated with fast neutrons under clinical conditions. Accuracy and precision comparable to clinical OSL measurements observed with photons can be achieved by maintaining individual OSLD calibration factors and minimizing transient fading effects.
Relationship Between Corporate Foundation Giving and the Economic Cycle for Consumer- and Industrial-Oriented Firms

Panel data from 179 corporate foundations over a 9-year period were analyzed to examine how charitable giving was influenced by a recent economic slowdown. The results revealed that foundations sponsored by consumer-oriented firms reduced their support for charitable causes as economic conditions worsened. Foundations sponsored by industrial-oriented firms increased charitable contributions during the economic slowdown. The results were interpreted as being consistent with the proposed motivation for corporate giving. More specifically, it was assumed that charitable giving decisions by foundations sponsored by consumer-oriented firms are consistent with a marketing-related objective to increase sales through corporate philanthropy. Foundations sponsored by industrial-oriented firms were assumed to make charitable giving decisions more from an altruistic perspective. To achieve maximum corporate benefits from charitable donations, it was recommended that corporate foundations develop a giving program that...
G389 Charting the rise of Gram negative organisms in Children with recurrent central line associated blood stream infections

Aims Long-term tunnelled central venous catheters deliver potentially toxic medications such as chemotherapy and parenteral nutrition. Recurrent central line associated bloodstream infections (CLASBI) are a potentially serious complication. Introduction of central line care bundles can dramatically reduce paediatric CLABSI rates (Wheeler et al ., Paediatrics 2011), however despite these interventions some patients develop recurrent CLABSIs. This study reports the recurrent CLABSI rate and organisms found in two regional paediatric hospitals. Methods Paediatric patients diagnosed with a CLABSI between January 2012 and December 2012 were identified retrospectively in two regional paediatric institutions. All subsequent infection and line events were recorded for these patients. CLABSIs were classified according to the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention definition. Line event data was verified by comparing theatre records, clinic and discharge letters and radiology images. Results Eighty seven patients were included in the study (44 patients from centre 1, 43 patients from centre 2). 165 CLABSIs were diagnosed during the study period (87 first CLABSI and 78 subsequent CLABSIs). Forty three patients (50%) developed a second CLABSI. And 22 (25%) developed a third CLABSI. The median number of line days from 1 st CLABSI per patient was 389 days in centre 1 and 188 days in centre 2. 112 CLABSIs were due to a Gram negative pathogen (68%). 44 CLABSIs were due to a Gram positive (27%) pathogen. 9 CLABSIs were due to fungi (5%). The overall recurrent CLABSI rate after one CLABSI was 4.2 per 1000 catheter days (3.3 per 1000 catheter days in centre 1, 5.1 per 1000 catheter days in centre 2). Repeat infections with identical pathogens occurred on 16 occasions. The most commonly identified organisms were Enterococcus faecalis (29), Escherischia coli (27), Klebsiella pneumoniae (23), Staphylococcus epidermidis (21), Staphylococcus aureus (12). Conclusion Patients who develop one CLABSI are at high risk of recurrent catheter associated sepsis. Gram negative organisms are the most frequently identified group of pathogens.
Biology in Sociology

We might have discussed also various demographic features of regionalism, certain regional diversities in standards and planes of living, the almost untouched social psychological phases, or we might have dwelt upon new sociological angles of regional social planning, with its attendant social control features, to mention only a few, had time and space permitted it. It is obvious that we need to throw our analytical and interpretative spotlight upon this new, meaningful areal unit of our maturity, the region, which is a constellation of communities bound together by natural and cultural uniformities, on the one hand, and a natural, logical, and convenient subdivision of the national society on the other. A vast array of sociological investigations of great importance radiate out from it as a unit of study.
A Case of Infection of Lymph Glands with Bacillus Paratyphosus B

In March, 1914, the patient noticed, on a march, that the left leg was becoming "numb" and swollen. Two months later the glands in the left side of the neck were enlarged. He had not suffered any pain. On admission to hospital, June 21, 1914, he still complained of swelling and numbness in the left leg and thigh. The general physical condition and nutrition of the patient were good. He was 70y2 inches in height, and 139 pounds in weight. His skin was relaxed and showed no pigmentation. The mucous membranes were pale. Eyes, ears, and nose showed no significant abnormalities; the teeth were fairly good, but poorly cared for. The cervical glands on the right side, both superficial and deep, were hard and slightly movable. There was a slight infiltration of the surrounding tissue. The skin was not adherent to the glands. On the left side of the neck there was a large mass, hard, discrete, and movable. Pain developed in the glands on the left side of the neck, where there was some redness of the skin. Incision was made and pus drained. Aside from increased resonance in the left infra-clavicular region and a few moist rales in the left side of the chest, the lungs and chest were normal and the sputum negative. The heart and blood vessels were normal. The systolic blood pressure was 135; the diastolic, 70; pulse pressure, 65; pulse rate, 85. There was a slight dilatation of the superficial veins of the abdomen. In the left lower abdomen there was a large, hard, and slightly movable mass. The left internal iliac glands were enlarged, hard, and movable. The left leg at the thigh was IV2 inches larger than the right; at the middle of the calf, 1 inch larger than the right. Edematous swelling was present, as a result probably of pressure by the enlarged iliac glands on the left iliac vessels. The axillary glands on both sides were enlarged, hard, and movable. There was no evidence of obstruction in the upper extremities. The feces were negative. The urine showed a specific gravity of 1.008; hyaline and granular casts, and epithelial cells, squamous and round; genitourinary system otherwise normal. The blood showed 4,300,000 red cells, 10,400 white cells, hemoglobin 73*^, small mononuclears 46.75*^, large mononuclears
The Design of the Cerenkov Counter for the SDC Detector

One of the characteristics of hadron colliders is the large collision rates and the associated large flux of particles at small angles relative to the beam direction (θ 20 GeV/c) and completely insensitive to low momentum particles. In the SDC design we propose to use a multi-cell nitrogen gas Cerenkov counter. We now proceed to describe this element of the SDC detector.
A single center's conversion from roller pump to centrifugal pump technology in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Overview:Recent advances in blood pump technology have led to an increased use of centrifugal pumps for prolonged extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Data from the Extracorporeal Life Suppo...
Measuring production and scholarly use of National Center for Health Statistics publications: a citation analysis in US government information

This study falls under a broad research agenda for measurement of U.S. government information with a focus on federal statistics and data. It examines patterns in both production and scholarly use of National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) publications, using a fixed set of NCHS publications as the benchmark. Of 563 publications issued between January 1, 2010 and August 31, 2015, 168 (29.9 %) were cited at least once between January 1, 2010 and November 1, 2015. There were a total 20,550 cites to NCHS publications with an average 122 cites per publication. Fifty NCHS publications were cited at least 100 times, with Prevalence of Obesity in the United States, 2009---2010 (1669 cites); deaths: final data for 2009 (927 cites); and births: final data for 2007 (809 cites) as the top 3 cited publications. Overall, summary statistics for obesity, birth, and mortality were the most highly cited publications. This study is consistent with a previous citation analysis of federal statistics in identifying mortality as a predominant topic for production and use of NCHS publications. It also highlights several topics, including obesity, that were cited with high frequency compared to their lower publishing coverage. Future studies under this research agenda will investigate non-scholarly uses of government information, and remain focused on government statistics and data. Given trends in open government data, big data, and analytics, government statistics and data has been widely adopted in community activism and data journalism, but such use has yet to be analyzed indepth.
Why Do We “Skip to My Lou,” Anyway? Teaching Play Party Songs in Historical Context

This article focuses on teaching play party songs in a general music curriculum, using their authentic form and historical context. The history of play party songs is discussed, as well as the social conditions in America during the time they were used in the late 19th to mid-20th century. Descriptions of the songs include variations in lyrics and movements, with three examples of popular play party songs discussed in detail. Tips for teachers who wish to teach play party songs in their original historical context are offered, and a case is made for using them as a component of interdisciplinary teaching between the music specialist and the classroom teacher. At the end of the article, a sample list of popular play party songs are presented, as well as a list of resources to support the music specialist in learning more about these songs.
A preliminary exploration of Santa Elena's sixteenth century colonial landscape through shallow geophysics

Pedro Menendez de Aviles, the founder and first governor of La Florida, established several outposts in what is now the southeastern United States. One was at the now famed city of St. Augustine (1565) and another in 1566 at the former French outpost of Charlesfort, now known as Santa Elena, marking the first Spanish occupation of the locale that would become Spain's capital in the region. In total, the colony of Santa Elena lasted for little more than two decades, as the Spanish abandoned the town in 1587. In 2014, we began a shallow geophysical survey of the site to explore its broader landscape. Given that Santa Elena is one of the best-preserved sixteenth-century towns in the United States, it presented one of the best opportunities for shallow geophysics to aid in historic sites investigations of this time period. The results of our work indicate that there is still much to be learned at the site as our ground penetrating radar, magnetic, and resistance surveys include the discovery and potential identification of structures, Spanish wells and paths, and at least one lost sixteenth century fort. Our preliminary work at Santa Elena not only demonstrates the great potential of these techniques at this site, but at historic sites in general.
Ipilimumab for recurrent glioblastoma: A single-institution case series.

e13010 Background: The anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody ipilimumab is a potent immune modulator. Ipilimumab is FDA-approved for advanced-stage melanoma, and evidence of preclinical activity has been...
Anchor Selection Using the Wald Test Anchor-All-Test-All Procedure

Methods for testing differential item functioning (DIF) require that the reference and focal groups are linked on a common scale using group-invariant anchor items. Several anchor-selection strategies have been introduced in an item response theory framework. However, popular strategies often utilize likelihood ratio testing with all-others-as-anchors that requires multiple model fittings. The current study explored alternative anchor-selection strategies based on a modified version of the Wald χ2 test that is implemented in flexMIRT and IRTPRO, and made comparisons with methods based on the popular likelihood ratio test. Accuracies of anchor identification of four different strategies (two testing methods combined with two selection criteria), along with the power and Type I error associated with respective follow-up DIF tests, will be presented. Implications for applied researchers and suggestions for future research will be discussed.
Osteochondral Allografting of the Hip

Recent advances in hip arthroscopy and cartilage imaging have led to increased understanding and acceptance of the concept of femoroacetabular impingement, which in turn has fueled an emerging trend toward biological restoration and hip preservation as an alternative to prosthetic joint replacement. Although total hip arthroplasty remains the gold standard treatment for end-stage osteoarthritis and failure endpoint in most clinical studies, longevity concerns make it a reluctant choice in an exceedingly active and actively aging patient population. The focus of treatment has thus been shifted to correcting morphological conflicts and addressing focal chondral or osteochondral lesions to prevent disease progression to end-stage joint degeneration. Fresh osteochondral allografts are composite grafts consisting of a viable mature hyaline cartilage portion anchored to a nonviable subchondral bone portion. This forms a structural and functional osteoarticular unit that may replace a corresponding segment of a recipient joint in the face of disease or injury. Although multiple studies have reported encouraging results for osteochondral allografting in the knee, indications for the use of this approach in the hip continue to evolve.
Die design and performance

A die is a device, usually of made of steel, having a specific shape or design geometry which it imparts to a plastic melt pumped from an extruder (Fig. 5.1). The function of the die is to control the shape of the extrudate. The important word is control. In order to do this, the extruder must deliver melted plastic to the die targeted to be an ideal mix at a constant rate, temperature, and pressure. Measurement of these variables is desired and usually carefully performed [269, 328, 418, 424, 434].
Educating for Individual Freedom and Democratic Citizenship: In Unity and Diversity There Is Strength

This article addresses contentious questions concerning individual freedom and democratic citizenship education in the contemporary circumstances of multiculturalism. It suggests that educating children for civic equality is an ambitious aim for any democracy and not one that can ever be realized once and for all. It provides evidence that multicultural conditions can challenge the very aim of educating children for civic equality. It explains that democracies are variously multicultural and the varieties of groups make a difference in the kind of education and the progress toward civic equality that can realistically be expected at any time.
Spectroscopy of exotic hadrons formed from dynamical diquarks

The dynamical diquark picture asserts that exotic hadrons can be formed from widely separated colored diquark or triquark components. We use the Born-Oppenheimer (BO) approximation to study the spectrum of states thus constructed, both in the basis of diquark spins and in the basis of heavy quark-antiquark spins. We develop a compact notation for naming these states, and use the results of lattice simulations for hybrid mesons to predict the lowest expected BO potentials for both tetraquarks and pentaquarks. We then compare to the set of exotic candidates with experimentally determined quantum numbers, and find that all of them can be accommodated. Once decay modes are also considered, one can develop selection rules of both exact (${J}^{PC}$ conservation) and approximate (within the context of the BO approximation) types and test their effectiveness. We find that the most appealing way to satisfy both sets of selection rules requires including additional low-lying BO potentials, a hypothesis that can be checked on the lattice.
Determinants of adoption of sustainable production practices among smallholder coffee producers in Nicaragua

Efforts to slow down and eventually reverse the trend of climate change will take time, and in some cases, the negative impacts of climate change will be felt long before long-term solutions to this problem can bear fruit. Adaptation and mitigation strategies constitute the front line of attack for rural households in developing countries that rely on agricultural production and natural resource use as their main source of income and growth, and whose livelihoods are threatened by climate change. This study models the determinants of adoption of sustainable production practices by coffee producers in the department of Matagalpa, in northern Nicaragua. Using primary survey data, we analyze the extent to which cooperative membership impacts adoption of ten different practices. We find that coffee farmers who belong to cooperatives have adopted sustainable practices at higher rates than non-members, and that the odds of adoption are higher for members than for non-members. A factor analysis was conducted to determine the underlying structural differences between the ten practices, and from this analysis three factors emerged and were modeled. We find that cooperative membership is a significant determinant of practices that promote water conservation, yet not significant for practices that promote soil and plant health, nor for practices related to field management. These findings are valuable for policy makers, donors, and development and extension practitioners in the coffee sector, as they can better inform and guide policies toward more efficient and effective paths of long-term climate change adaptation.
On presenting apropos provenance for situation awareness and data forensics

Provenance for data derived from large-scale workflows across organizations and disciplines can be complex. Users in different roles find their interpretation onerous unless it is presented in a form that is easily consumable for the given task at hand. In this position paper, we motivate the need and discuss key challenges for presenting provenance across different granularities to support data quality forensics for diverse users. We also offer potential modeling and algorithmic solutions.
Actors as Authors in American Copyright Law

Among the different kinds of works eligible for copyright, audiovisual works are arguably the most complex, often involving scores of contributors – screenwriters, directors, actors, cinematographers, producers, set designers, costume designers, lighting technicians, etc. Some countries expressly recognize which categories of these contributors are entitled to legal protection, whether copyright, ‘neighboring rights,’ or statutory remuneration. But American copyright law does not. Given that the complex relationship among these creative contributors is usually governed by contract, there is – for such a large economic sector – relatively little case law on issues of authorship in audiovisual works. This is especially true on the question of dramatic performers as authors of audiovisual works. This Article provides the first in-depth exploration of whether, when, and how actors are authors under American copyright law. After describing how case law, government views, and scholarly commentary support the conclusion that actors are authors, the Article turns to the strange saga of the Ninth Circuit’s 2015 en banc Garcia v. Google decision – a decision more about fraud and fatwas than clear conclusions on how copyright law applies to acting. The Article then uses some simple thought experiments to establish how dramatic performers generally meet both the Constitutional and statutory standard for “authorship.” Finally, the Article reviews the various filters that prevent actors-as-authors legal struggles and how, when all else fails, we can consider actors as joint authors of the audiovisual works embodying their dramatic performances.
Rhabdomyolysis during high dose interleukin-2 treatment of metastatic melanoma after sequential immunotherapies: a case report

The treatment options for metastatic malignant melanoma have drastically changed recently,including the increased use of immunotherapeutic agents that offer significant responses. Accordingly, it hasbecome common for sequential administration of such agents. Despite this, no guidelines exist on propersequencing or potential unique toxicities associated with such sequencing. We describe here the first incidence, to our knowledge, of clinically significant rhabdomyolysis associated with high-dose interleukin-2 after prior treatment with ipilimumab, genetically engineered T-cell therapy and subsequent single agent pembrolizumab in a patient with BRAF wild type metastatic malignant melanoma. Further studies into the biology of sequential immunotherapy in the treatment of cancer are warranted.
Scleroderma and Morphea

Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) and morphea (localized scleroderma) represent distinct autoimmune diseases characterized by sclerosis of the skin and may be differentiated based on the distribution of skin lesions and type of internal organ involvement. Although data supporting the use of different treatments is limited for these conditions, patients may benefit from the use of topical immunomodulators, systemic immunosuppressives, or phototherapy. This chapter provides an overview of the etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentations, differential diagnoses, and treatment of systemic sclerosis and morphea. References are provided for in-depth review.
Common Behavior Tendencies and Applications

According to the previous two chapters we know that each of us has a common procedure or process for our micro-behavior. Although we may vary the parameters in each function of the behavior mechanism and show uniqueness in our behavior, the common denominator of this behavior mechanism remains the same. From this common behavior mechanism, irrespective of the individual’s unique parameters, we could derive common tendencies in human behavior. These common tendencies have been observed and studied by many social psychologists (see [F5, Z4]). Although applicable to most people and to many situations, these common tendencies do reserve uniqueness for each individual. Throughout this chapter the reader is reminded that the common behavior tendencies described are valid only in general situations, not in all situations in the absolute sense.
How We Do It: Sphenopalatine Ganglion Blockade for Migraine Treatment

Migraine is a common disorder with a range of available abortive and prophylactic treatments. Sphenopalatine ganglion blockade is an effective and safe option for treatment and prevention of migraine disorders. We present an instructional article for sphenopalatine ganglion blockade, including recommended patient selection, treatment procedure, and clinical follow up.
Implementation Science – Ensuring the return on our research investment

Implementation is the use of strategies to adopt and integrate evidence-based health interventions and to change practice patterns. In their article, “Implementation—the missing link in the researc...
Generalized polynomial chaos-based uncertainty quantification and propagation in multi-scale modeling of cardiac electrophysiology

Uncertainty and physiological variability are ubiquitous in cardiac electrical signaling. It is important to address the uncertainty and variability in cardiac modeling to provide reliable and realistic predictions of heart function, thus ensuring trustworthy computer-aided medical decision-making and treatment planning. Statistical techniques such as Monte Carlo (MC) simulations have been applied to uncertainty quantification and propagation in cardiac modeling. However, MC simulation-based methods are computationally prohibitive for complex cardiac models with a great number of parameters and governing equations. In this paper, we propose to use the Generalized Polynomial Chaos (gPC) expansion in combination with Galerkin projection to analytically quantify parametric uncertainty in ion channel models of mouse ventricular cell, and further propagate the uncertainty across different organizational levels of cell and tissue. To identify the most significant parametric uncertainty in cardiac ion channel and cell models, variance decomposition-based sensitivity analysis was first performed. Following this, gPC was integrated with deterministic cardiac models to propagate uncertainty through ion current, ventricular cell, 1D cable, and 2D tissue to account for the stochasticity and cell-to-cell variability. As compared to MC, the gPC in this work shows the superior performance in terms of computational efficiency. In addition, the gPC models can provide a measure of confidence in model predictions, which can improve the reliability of computer simulations of cardiac electrophysiology for clinical applications.
Time to abandon single-site irradiation for inducing abscopal effects

Considerable interest is being directed toward combining immune-checkpoint inhibition (ICI) with radiotherapy to improve response rates to ICI, which have been disappointingly low at around 15-30% among patients with advanced-stage cancers other than melanoma. Since a case report published in 2012, in which authors described the resolution of metastatic disease after irradiation of a single lesion in a patient who had been receiving ICI, hundreds of clinical trials have been launched with the aim of testing the safety and/or efficacy of radiotherapy in combination with immunotherapy, nearly all of which use this single-site irradiation, or 'abscopal', approach. However, emerging preclinical and clinical evidence suggests that this approach likely produces suboptimal results. In this Perspective, we describe this evidence and provide a biological rationale supporting the abandonment of the single-site abscopal approach. We instead advocate exploring comprehensive irradiation of multiple/all lesions in order to enhance the likelihood of obtaining meaningful clinical outcomes - if such a clinical synergy between radiation and ICI does exist - before the failure of the current, single-site approach leads to the potential premature and inappropriate abandonment of radiotherapy in combination with ICI altogether.
Abstract A45: Kinome rewiring reveals AURKA is a molecular barrier to the efficacy of PI3K/mTOR-pathway inhibitors in breast cancer

Dysregulation of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling network is a prominent feature of breast cancers. However, clinical responses to drugs targeting this pathway have been modest. We hypothesized that dynamic changes in signaling, including adaptation and feedback, limit drug efficacy. Using a quantitative proteomics approach, we mapped dynamic changes in the kinome in response to various agents and identified signaling changes that correlate with drug sensitivity. Measurement of dynamics across a panel of breast cancer cell lines identified that maintenance of CDK4 and AURKA activity was associated with drug resistance. We tested whether incomplete inhibition of CDK4 or AURKA was a source of therapy failure and found that inhibition of either was sufficient to sensitize most breast cancer cells to PI3K, AKT, and mTOR inhibitors. In particular, drug combinations including the AURKA inhibitor MLN8237 were highly synergistic and induced apoptosis through enhanced suppression of mTOR signaling to S6 and 4E-BP1 leading to tumor regression in vivo. This approach identifies survival factors whose presence limits the efficacy of target therapy and suggests that Aurora kinase coinhibition could unlock the full potential of PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway inhibitors in breast cancer. Citation Format: Hayley Donnella, James Webber, Kevan Shokat, Andrei Goga, John Gordan, Sourav Bandyopadhyay. Kinome rewiring reveals AURKA is a molecular barrier to the efficacy of PI3K/mTOR-pathway inhibitors in breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Advances in Breast Cancer Research; 2017 Oct 7-10; Hollywood, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2018;16(8_Suppl):Abstract nr A45.
Improving the quality of pediatric colonoscopy bowel preparations through pre-procedure patient education

Colonoscopy is a critical tool in the diagnosis and management of many pediatric gastrointestinal diseases. An important factor for successful colonoscopy is appropriate pre-procedure bowel preparation (“prep”). Recommendations for effective and tolerable colonoscopy preps have been made by the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. Despite these recommendations, the literature reports up to a third of patients present with inadequate prep, leading to longer procedure times (and anesthesia exposure), missed diagnoses, and incomplete colonoscopies requiring repeated procedures. Patient education in the form of counseling, written instructions, and even cartoons has been found to improve quality …
ABHD5 cleaves HDAC4 to benefit the heart.

A study in Nature Metabolism reveals a hitherto-unknown enzymatic and physiological role of ABHD5, which acts as a protease that couples extracellular cues to the epigenome of cardiomyocytes by cleaving histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4).
“Would you tell me If i smelled bad?,” 14‐year‐old Dylan diagnosed with olfactory reference syndrome: A case report

Topic Olfactory reference syndrome (ORS) is a psychiatric condition that is not known to many psychiatric providers and yet it is thought to be far more common than generally recognized. Symptoms of ORS are disruptive, debilitating, and can severely impair the daily functioning of patients dealing with it. Purpose This article provides an overview of ORS and explores how it can be mistaken for other diagnostic constellations. A case report that details the treatment of a 14-year-old male illustrates how a clinician employs a multimodal approach to address symptoms that overlap with other diagnoses to successfully treat a patient with ORS. Sources Existing literature on the treatment of ORS and obsessive-compulsive disorder in adults, adolescents, and children and the clinical experience of providing care to a 14-year-old patient in an outpatient setting. Conclusions Nurses and other healthcare providers should be made more aware of the symptoms, criteria, and diagnosis of ORS. Research needs to be increased to solidify ORS as a formal diagnosis and treatment recommendations are required to better treat this underserved population.
Vulnerability When Fecundity Fails: Infertility and Assisted Reproductive Technologies in The Bridge

Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) transformed the treatment of infertility in the Scandinavian welfare state. In the course of a forty-year history, Denmark has become an international leader in the proportion of babies born via ART. The third season of the Danish/Swedish television serial The Bridge (2015) includes a subplot of infertility and state responsiveness to the involuntarily childless, fertile donors and donor-conceived children. This chapter outlines milestones in medically assisted reproduction in Denmark and Sweden, including current policy differences around surrogacy, and considers those states and the consequences for their citizens in a literary vulnerability analysis of The Bridge informed by scholars Martha Fineman and Rachel Anne Fenton.
Point-of-Care Laboratory Data Collection During Critical Care Transport.

Abstract Objective Critical care transport involves a high level of intensive clinical care in a resource-limited environment. These patients require multiple assessments guiding specialty treatments, including blood product administration, intravenous electrolyte replacement, ventilator management, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. This study aims to measure the usage of point-of-care (POC) laboratory data during critical care transport. Methods Data were collected via electronic medical record review over 1 year of use in a hospital-based critical care rotor wing, fixed wing, and ground critical care transport team in the Southeastern United States. Results One hundred twenty POC tests were performed during 1,075 critical care transports over the 1-year period (8.9%). Patient transportations involved 35 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, 21 medical, 17 cardiac, 13 neonatal, 11 respiratory failure, 8 gastrointestinal bleeding, 6 neurologic, 5 pediatrics, 3 trauma, and 1 organ donor. Seventy-eight POC laboratory tests (65%) required intervention, including ventilator changes (39.7%), electrolyte replacement (35.8%), blood products (7.6%), and other (12.8%). The remaining 42 (35%) POC laboratory tests confirmed no intervention was necessary (n = 35) and that ongoing treatments were effective (n = 7). Conclusion POC laboratory testing performed during critical care transport guides providers in performing essential emergent interventions in a timelier manner that may benefit critically ill patients.