AN ECONOMIC IMPACT OF INTEGRATED CONTROL PROGRAM OF COTTON CROPS IN GHARBIA GOVERNORATE

The Agricultural production in Egypt is considered one of the most important productive sectors in national production, where most of its products of importance for food security in Egypt, the value of pesticides used in Egyptian agriculture is about 347.2, 287.2, 346.4 million pounds at a rate estimated at 35.4%, 29.3%, 35.3% for each of the pesticides and indigenous and grass on respectively of the total value of agricultural pesticides amounting to 980.8 million pounds in 201.6 The problem of the study focuses on the evaluation of economic and environmental impact on integrated pest management which afflict the cotton crops in Gharbia Governorate. The study aims to measure the economic and environmental impact of the use of integrated pest control of the production of cotton crops in Gharbia Governorate. The study showed that the most important factors affecting the production of the cotton crop in the first category, with the study sample in Gharbia governorate 2016 are: the amount of human labor, the quantity of seeds, the value of biological resistance the total productive elasticity amounted to about 0.867 that means the declining productive relationship, and the value of the marginal product of those elements of about 87.0, 249.3, 873.5 pound / kantar respectively, while the unit price of the element reached about 42.19, 5.39, 50.0 pound/unit respectively. In the second category and it was discovered that the most important factors affecting the cotton production are: the mechanical caber (irrigation) , the quantity of seeds, chemical resistance Value and the productive elasticity total amounted to about 0.923, while the value of marginal product of those elements toward 317.4, 423.2, 270.65 pound/ kantar respectively, while the unit price of the element toward 24.53, 5.43, 100.07 pounds / respectively, which refers to the efficiency of those elements in the equation of cotton production in the second category of study. The Study showed that: the nominal protection coefficient of production requirement, outputs, biological resistance, and effective protection coefficient of the cotton crop in the study sample year 2016 reached about 0.88, 0.75, 0.83, 0.88, whereas the domestic relative competitive coefficient (DRC) reached about 0.62, this means there is relative competitive in cotton production in Egypt. The results of productive policy martin analysis for cotton crop year 2016, there is a negative impacts on the total feddan return, and added value. The study explained that the environmental impact of important pesticides used by farmers of cotton and potato crop in sampling study of traditional insecticides in Gharbia governorate, came in the first rank sbedoo and mankozub pesticide with the quantity of 0.29, 0.58 kg/ feddan with safety period of 20, 7 days respectively. As the pesticides developed comes in the first rank : marshal and police .m.f with the quantity of 0.84, 0.5 kg /feddan with safety period 7 , 3 days respectively, the two pesticides non-pollution to the environment, we conclude that the pesticides developed less harm to the environment than traditional insecticides. The recommendations 1- It is necessary to educate the farmers with pesticide damage to human, animal and plant health and the environment. 2- The expansion in the use of the biological resistance in order to increase the quality of cotton, on one hand, and reducing the cost of chemical resistance on the other hand, for keeping the general health. 3- It should be setting a program for training cotton farmers on optimum using for pesticides in the allowable limits worldwide for keeping the health of the human, plant and the environment. 4- The imposition of a tax on users of highly toxic pesticides, which contributes to the transformation of the farmers to use clean agriculture, or setting a low to crime the using no useful. 5- It should stimulate cotton farmers using pesticide at least scale and following the method of integrated control. 6- It is necessary to devise new cotton strains of high productivity and resistance to pests and supply the farmers with it and saved it for farmers to encourage them to increase the captivated area of cotton in Egypt.