cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Utilization of an Electronic Patient Portal Following Total Joint Arthroplasty Does Not Decrease Readmissions.

Abstract Background At the investigating institution, an electronic messaging portal (MyChart) allows patients to directly communicate with their healthcare provider. As reimbursement models evolve, there is an increasing effort to decrease 90-day hospital resource utilization and patient returns, and secure messaging portals have been proposed as one way to achieve this goal. We sought to determine which patients utilize this portal, and to determine the impact of secure messaging on emergency department (ED) visits and readmissions within 90 days postoperatively. Methods The institutional database was used to analyze 6426 procedures including 3297 primary total knee and 3129 primary total hip arthroplasties. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and secure communication activity status were recorded. Subsequently, statistical analysis was performed to determine which patients utilized MyChart, as well as to correlate patient outcomes to the utilization of secure messaging portals. Results Active MyChart users were significantly more likely to be young, healthy (American Society of Anesthesiologists 1 or 2), Caucasian, married, employed, have private insurance, and be discharged to home. Decreased utilization was seen in patients who were unhealthy (American Society of Anesthesiologists 3 or 4), were African American, unmarried, unemployed, had Medicare or Medicaid insurance, and were discharged to a skilled nursing facility; these characteristics were also independent significant risks for returning to the ED. Active MyChart status was not significantly associated with 90-day ED return (P = .781) or readmission (P = .512). However, if multiple messages to providers were sent, and the provider response rate was Conclusion Primary total joint arthroplasty patients who were at high risk for ED returns were less likely to utilize MyChart. However, MyChart use did not decrease the 90-day rate of return to the ED or readmissions. A low provider response rate to the secure messages may lead to increased resource utilization in patients using secure messaging as their preferred communication tool. Alternative means of communication with the most vulnerable patients must be investigated to effectively decrease postoperative complications and resource utilization.
Thermodynamics and mathematical modeling of the partitioning of chlorpromazine between n-octanol and aqueous buffer.

The distribution of chlorpromazine (CPZ) between aqueous buffer solutions and 1-octanol was studied over a wide range of pH, buffer concentration, and temperature. A mathematical model was developed to simulate the distribution profiles. It is assumed that only monomers of CPZ exist in the organic phase, whereas in the aqueous phase, association equilibria were assumed to occur. The model predicted the formation of dimers and no higher aggregates over most of the concentration range covered in this study. Thermodynamic parameters for the partition equilibria were evaluated from the equilibrium partition coefficients measured as a function of temperature. Positive values of ΔH and ΔS were obtained for the transfer of CPZ from the aqueous to the organic phase. The process is entropy controlled indicative of a hydrophobic interaction between CPZ and the aqueous solvent.
Total synthesis of cytotoxic anhydrophytosphingosine pachastrissamine (jaspine B).

Starting from l-serine, a stereoselective synthesis of pachastrissamine, a structurally novel anhydrosphingosine derivative, is reported in this Letter.
Neuroendocrine modulation of predator avoidance/prey capture tradeoffs: Role of tectal NPY2R receptors.

Abstract The optic tectum rapidly inhibits food intake when a visual threat is present. Anatomical and electrophysiological evidence support a role for neuropeptide Y (NPY), originating from cells in the thalamus, in the tectal inhibition of prey capture. Here we test the hypothesis that tectal NPY receptor type 2 (NPY2R) influences prey-capture and predator-avoidance responses in the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis. We tested two questions: 1) Does tectal NPY administration decrease food intake and alter prey-capture behavior? 2) Does tectal administration of a NPY2R antagonist increase food intake, alter prey-capture behavior, and alter predator avoidance behavior? NPY microinjected bilaterally into the tecta failed to significantly alter food intake at any dose tested, although predator presence significantly reduced food intake. However, NPY differentially altered discrete components of prey capture including increasing the latency to contact food and reducing the amount of time in contact with food. These effects were blocked by the NPY2R antagonist BIIE0246. Additionally, BIIE0246 elevated food intake on its own after bilateral tectal microinjection. Furthermore, BIIE0246 reversed the reduction of food intake caused by exposure to a predator. Overall, these findings indicate that tectal NPY2R activation causes frogs to consume food more quickly, which may be adaptive in predator-rich environments. Blocking tectal NPY2R increases baseline food intake and reduces or eliminates predator-induced changes in prey capture and food intake.
Selective Proteolysis to Study the Global Conformation and Regulatory Mechanisms of c-Src Kinase.

Protein kinase pathways are traditionally mapped by monitoring downstream phosphorylation. Meanwhile, the noncatalytic functions of protein kinases remain under-appreciated as critical components o...
The relationship between concealed carry permits and state-level crime rates

The purpose of the present study is to determine the relationship between concealed carry permits and state-level crime rates. Using pooled data for the period 2003–2014 and a least squares model w...
Shared first authorship

In most scientific communities, the order of author names on a publication serves to assign credit and responsibility. Unless authors are presented in alphabetical order, it is assumed that the first author contributes the most and the last author is the driving force, both intellectually and financially, behind the research. Many, but not all, journals individually delineate what it means to be a contributing author and the nature of each author’s role. But what does this mean when a paper has co-first authors? How are academic librarians going to handle questions surrounding co-first authorship in an era in which author metrics are important for career advancement and tenure? In this commentary, the authors look at the growing trend of co-first authorship and what this means for database searchers.
Constant time delay to teach students with intellectual disability

AbstractWe conducted a review of the literature on articles published between 1987 and 2017 on the application of constant time delay (CTD) as an instructional procedure to teach students with mild...
Theoretical Constructs and Practical Strategies for Intercultural Communication

Delving into English language education in Vietnam, this theory-oriented article aims to generate a new debate on critical cultural awareness (CCA) in light of increasing literature on intercultural communication competence (ICC), thus offering practical implementations to academic agents. Once ICC is strongly considered indispensable within communication, CCA can strengthen the power of sociocultural and psychological relationships. This study specifies the role of intercultural communication, aiming to develop Vietnamese learners to reach beyond abstract linguistic features towards language awareness by engaging in cultural and societal plurality. Seemingly, they need use language that advocate the enactment of change, fostering their abilities in their civic life. Coupled with that, they are obliged for learning the power of positive attitudes in terms of intercultural engagement, such as sympathy towards and acceptance of differences. Critical cultural awareness as a contribution to intercultural communication drives two primary aspects, namely social and psychological dimensions. In addition to dragging learners out of traditionally perceived skills related to native-like competences, the framework application expands potential goals and instructional steps that cover learning based on learner voice reflected upon privilege and power. Apparently, it is relevant in response to learning environment driven by social mechanisms which focus on citizenship, expecting that they learn and possess knowledge for certain purposes relating to career goals and social needs. Comprehensively, this study will outline the short examination of language education in Vietnam as a way to understand existing hindrances to be resolved. It anchored this analysis in a theoretical paradigm: critical cultural awareness, which is then critically embedded to involve social and psychological pedagogies. This enables to shift learners’ desire and willingness that hone their learning skills which influences academic success and communicative adaptability. Pedagogical implications are also suggested.
Structure and ionic conduction study on Li3PO4 and LiPON (Lithium phosphorous oxynitride) with the Density-Functional Tight-Binding (DFTB) method

Abstract In this work we studied the structural and dynamical properties of crystalline and amorphous Li3PO4/LiPON (four different materials) using computational approaches based on the Density-Functional Tight-Binding (DFTB) method. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first DFTB study of Li3PO4/LiPON. We observed both apical (Na) and double-bridging (Nd), but not triple-bridging N (Nt) in crystalline and amorphous LiPON structures we generated, consistent with some literatures. For the dynamic properties, we calculated self-diffusivities of all species and ionic conductivities of all four different materials and results are in good agreement with other computational and experimental studies. We also performed bonding analysis to gain mechanistic understanding of factors affecting Li diffusion and conduction and we discussed our perspectives on the effect of N doping on the dynamics of all species (Li, P, O, N), not just Li, in LiPON.
Facial Recognition System Using Mixed Transform and Multilayer Sigmoid Neural Network Classifier

Facial recognition systems are critical components in numerous applications. They are used, for example, to prevent retail crime, unlock phones, find missing persons, protect law enforcement, and aid forensic investigations. In such real-world applications, the identification of facial information must be both quick and exact. The purpose of this study is to improve both the accuracy and speed of facial recognition. The proposed system reduces overall computational complexity by using a few simple algorithms and transforms. The grayscaling algorithm enhances the image, and the salient features are extracted using a mix of two transform families: the two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform and the two-dimensional discrete cosine transform. This combination exploits the nonorthogonality of the coefficients in both domains to preserve the essential details and perceptual qualities of the original image. A multilayer sigmoid neural network is used for classification since the expensive training stage can be performed offline. The trained network, which uses efficient computations, can be embedded in an online system for rapid classification. The efficiency of the system is an attractive property when processing massive information datasets with limited resources. The recognition system is tested with four freely accessible datasets: the ORL, YALE, FERET-c, and FEI. A test set based on the combination of all datasets is also utilized to evaluate the system performance. Results show that despite the reduction in complexity, the system still maintains high recognition rates as compared to the popular existing methods.
Conceptual Framework for a Plastic Surgery Residency Leadership Curriculum.

Leadership development remains an overlooked component in the plastic surgery residency curriculum. Through a mixed-methods assessment of physician perceptions, this study aims to establish the value and structure of a formal leadership course for trainees. Methods Qualitative interviews were conducted with plastic surgery residents to identify common themes concerning the current state of leadership training and goals for improvement. These themes then guided the design of a quantitative assessment, which surveyed faculty and residents regarding their perceived need for a curriculum, the domains that should be included, and the format of delivery. Results Six residents underwent interviews, which yielded the following themes: (1) surgical residents require a distinct set of leadership skills that warrants more intensive training and (2) leadership training should assume a more structured format. The survey achieved a 76% (29/38) response rate, with residents comprising 55% of respondents. Participants were neutral to slightly satisfied with current resident leadership and "learning on the job" (4.62 and 4.03 on a 7-point Likert scale, respectively). Respondents reported a moderate need for formal leadership training (2.97 on a 5-point scale). Availability was ranked as the greatest barrier to curriculum implementation. Topics considered most important included effective communication, self-awareness/emotional intelligence, and strategic thinking. Formats considered most effective included in-person lectures, small group exercises, and case studies. Conclusion This study presents a conceptual framework for the implementation of a leadership curriculum for plastic surgery residents that may empower the development of stronger physician leaders.
Integration of fluorescence collection optics with a microfabricated surface electrode ion trap

We have successfully demonstrated an integrated optical system for collecting the fluorescence from a trapped ion. The system, consisting of an array of transmissive, dielectric micro-optics and an optical fiber array, has been intimately incorporated into the ion-trapping chip without negatively impacting trapping performance. Epoxies, vacuum feedthrough, and optical component materials were carefully chosen so that they did not degrade the vacuum environment, and we have demonstrated light detection as well as ion trapping and shuttling behavior comparable to trapping chips without integrated optics, with no modification to the control voltages of the trapping chip.
Winter roost selection of Lasiurine tree bats in a pyric landscape

Day-roost selection by Lasiurine tree bats during winter and their response to dormant season fires is unknown in the southeastern United States where dormant season burning is widely applied. Although fires historically were predominantly growing season, they now occur in the dormant season in this part of the Coastal Plain to support a myriad of stewardship activities, including habitat management for game species. To examine the response of bats to landscape condition and the application of prescribed fire, in the winter of 2019, we mist-netted and affixed radio-transmitters to 16 Lasiurine bats, primarily Seminole bats (Lasiurus seminolus) at Camp Blanding Joint Training Center in northern Florida. We then located day-roost sites to describe roost attributes. For five Seminole bats, one eastern red bat (Lasiurus borealis), and one hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus), we applied prescribed burns in the roost area to observe bat response in real-time. Generally, Seminole bats selected day-roosts in mesic forest stands with high mean fire return intervals. At the roost tree scale, Seminole day-roosts tended to be larger, taller and in higher canopy dominance classes than surrounding trees. Seminole bats roosted in longleaf (Pinus palustris), slash (Pinus elliotii) and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) more than expected based on availability, whereas sweetbay (Magnolia virginiana), water oak (Quercus nigra) and turkey oak (Quercus laevis), were roosted in less than expected based on availability. Of the seven roosts subjected to prescribed burns, only one male Seminole bat and one male eastern red bat evacuated during or immediately following burning. In both cases, these bats had day-roosted at heights lower than the majority of other day-roosts observed during our study. Our results suggest Seminole bats choose winter day-roosts that both maximize solar exposure and minimize risks associated with fire. Nonetheless, because selected day-roosts largely were fire-dependent or tolerant tree species, application of fire does need to periodically occur to promote recruitment and retention of suitable roost sites.
Privileged Zero-Shot AutoML.

This work improves the quality of automated machine learning (AutoML) systems by using dataset and function descriptions while significantly decreasing computation time from minutes to milliseconds by using a zero-shot approach. Given a new dataset and a well-defined machine learning task, humans begin by reading a description of the dataset and documentation for the algorithms to be used. This work is the first to use these textual descriptions, which we call privileged information, for AutoML. We use a pre-trained Transformer model to process the privileged text and demonstrate that using this information improves AutoML performance. Thus, our approach leverages the progress of unsupervised representation learning in natural language processing to provide a significant boost to AutoML. We demonstrate that using only textual descriptions of the data and functions achieves reasonable classification performance, and adding textual descriptions to data meta-features improves classification across tabular datasets. To achieve zero-shot AutoML we train a graph neural network with these description embeddings and the data meta-features. Each node represents a training dataset, which we use to predict the best machine learning pipeline for a new test dataset in a zero-shot fashion. Our zero-shot approach rapidly predicts a high-quality pipeline for a supervised learning task and dataset. In contrast, most AutoML systems require tens or hundreds of pipeline evaluations. We show that zero-shot AutoML reduces running and prediction times from minutes to milliseconds, consistently across datasets. By speeding up AutoML by orders of magnitude this work demonstrates real-time AutoML.
Are Psychiatry Programs Providing Adequate Parental Leave to Their Residents

OBJECTIVE During residency training, parental leave is frequently briefer than may be optimal for the well-being of the family. The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) requires residency programs to have a parental leave policy without providing specific guidelines on its makeup, resulting in varying policies and confusion among residents planning parental leave. This study identifies differences in parental leave policies in psychiatry residencies and discusses if these policies are adequate. METHODS A 45-question, anonymous survey was emailed to general psychiatry and fellowship program directors in the USA. RESULTS Out of 520 program directors contacted, 186 completed the survey (35.7% response rate). Among the respondents, 94.1% had policies for maternity leave, 79.8% had policies for paternity leave, and 67.2% had policies for non-childbearing parental leave (e.g., adoption). Variations were reported in implementation, coverage, and accommodations. Most respondents (57.1%) believed that residents would benefit from more parental leave. Some (11.5%) believed that parenthood negatively affected residents' overall performance, especially regarding patient care and clinical skills; 36.5% endorsed that parenthood negatively affected overall residents' well-being; and 7.5% felt negatively when an applicant was pregnant or was planning to become pregnant during residency. Lastly, 32.9% were not confident regarding ACGME, American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, federal, and hospital policies. CONCLUSIONS Parental leave policies are not universal in US psychiatry residency and fellowship programs. Some program directors feel that parenthood adversely affects residents' clinical performance as well as well-being. If true, reformation of parental leave policies may be a remedy.
An ecological twist on the morphology-performance-fitness axis

Hypothesis: Natural selection shapes correlations between morphology and performance through variation in ecology (habitat use). Organism: Anolis sagrei lizards (the brown anole). Field site: A small offshore island near Great Exuma, Bahamas. Methods: I measured morphology, physiological performance [e.g. sprint speed, sprint sensitivity (the change in speed on broad versus narrow surfaces), running endurance], and habitat use (perching diameter) in natural populations of male and female lizards. I released lizards to their original sites of capture and measured differences in survival (natural selection) in each sex as a function of morphology, performance, and estimates of habitat use. Survival differences were recorded over 4 months (June–September), a period that includes the greater part of the breeding season. Results: Natural selection acted on correlations between morphology and performance that were associated with differences in habitat use among males. In most cases, selection acted on trait correlations despite the lack of any measurable selection on individual morphological or performance traits. However, morphology and performance were not correlated in females, nor did selection operate on performance variables or most morphological traits in females. Thus, hypotheses concerning selection on morphology, performance, and habitat use were supported by data for males but not females.
USA--New Jersey and New York

Manipulation of the Atlantic shoreline of the States of New Jersey and New York extends back to the pre-colonial period and continues to this day. Many parts of the shoreline are completely artificial and must be understood in terms of the introduced adjustments instead of natural systems. Some portions of the shore, however, have limited interference of the natural processes and offer opportunities for comparative analyses of disturbed and unaltered shoreline systems.
Prejudice in Major League Baseball Have Black Players Been Held to a Higher Standard Than White Players

It has long been suggested that even after baseball’s “color line” was broken in 1947, Black players had to be better than White ones to be given an opportunity to play in the major leagues. The pr...
RISK MANAGEMENT AND THE ROLE OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT

One of the key characteristics of agriculture is the inherent production risks facing producers from adverse weather, pests, and diseases. These risks have been used to justify government intervention in the form of disaster assistance payments, emergency loans, livestock feed assistance programs, crop insurance, and other subsidized assistance schemes. Yet while government intervention to provide assistance has been widely supported in the United States, the form of assistance has been much debated.
Offensive Behavior in Groups: Challenges and Opportunities

ABSTRACT This paper discusses offensive behaviors that often occur in groups. The sources and meanings of such behavior both to the individual and the group are explored. Principles are presented to help workers decide when to respond to the more serious underlying personal and group issues these behaviors may express, and when to confront them directly. The authors also examine the reasons why it is so difficult for workers to deal with offensive behaviors and conclude with practice examples that illustrate ways to use challenging behaviors as stepping stones towards positive individual and group development.
Database Mining and Marketing

Database mining refers to the data-driven process of extracting useful patterns or relationships from large databases, usually by means of sophistical statistical techniques. In marketing, while data base mining discovers and unravels patterns in data, it is not guided by underlying marketing theories. Marketing applications of data base mining include market basket analysis, propensity models, and ad placement models. Keywords: data base mining; market basket analysis; propensity models; ad placement models
Boron-doped emitters for high-performance vertical pnp transistors

The fabrication of pnp transistors is described, and their characteristics are studied as a function of the emitter process. Ideal polysilicon-emitter and LTE-emitter devices have been obtained, and the temperature dependences of the base saturation and collector saturation permit an understanding of the differences in their characteristics. For the polysilicon emitter, it appears that relatively low annealing temperatures are adequate to achieve ideal device characteristics and low emitter resistance. This will allow maximum flexibility for the integration of the vertical pnp into a complementary bipolar process and shallower emitter-base junctions (for the poly-emitter devices) than attempted here. The feasibility of the epitaxial emitter has also been demonstrated in a double-polysilicon self-aligned transistor, offering the possibility of achieving a very thin, ion-implanted base. Some performance tradeoffs may have to be made to improve the gain of the device. >
Subthalamic stimulation evokes complex EPSCs in the rat substantia nigra pars reticulata in vitro.

The subthalamic nucleus (STN) plays an important role in movement control by exerting its excitatory influence on the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNR), a major output structure of the basal ganglia. Moreover, excessive burst firing of SNR neurons seen in Parkinson's disease has been attributed to excessive transmission in the subthalamonigral pathway. Using the ‘blind’ whole-cell patch clamp recording technique in rat brain slices, we found that focal electrical stimulation of the STN evoked complex, long-duration excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) in SNR neurons. Complex EPSCs lasted 200–500 ms and consisted of an initial monosynaptic EPSC followed by a series of late EPSCs superimposed on a slow inward shift in holding current. Focal stimulation of regions outside the STN failed to evoke complex EPSCs. The late component of complex EPSCs was markedly reduced by ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonists (2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid and 6-cyano-7-nitro-quinoxalone) and by a GABAA receptor agonist (isoguvacine) when these agents were applied directly to the STN using a fast-flow microapplicator. Moreover, the complex EPSC was greatly enhanced by bath application of the GABAA receptor antagonists picrotoxin or bicuculline. These data suggest that recurrent glutamate synapses in the STN generate polysynaptic, complex EPSCs that are under tonic inhibition by GABA. Because complex EPSCs are expected to generate bursts of action potentials in SNR neurons, we suggest that complex EPSCs may contribute to the pathological burst firing that is associated with the symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
A Review of “The New Politics of the Textbook: Problematizing the Portrayal of Marginalized Groups in Textbooks”

Co-editors Hickman and Porfilio propel, within The New Politics of the Textbook: Problematizing the Portrayal of Marginalized Groups in Textbooks, a disciplined conversation regarding content prese...
Spatial Price Dynamics in U.S. Regional Broiler Markets

The U.S. broiler industry is highly vertically integrated and increasingly concentrated in the number of firms and production areas. These structural elements could have implications for performance and the functioning of the law of one price (LOP) across regions. This article investigates this using data on four regional markets. Cointegration results indicate that regional prices are spatially linked in the long run, but pairwise cointegration was not found, suggesting that the LOP does not hold. Causality tests confirm the relative importance of price shocks from the South. This finding is reflective of price coordination by firms with production in multiple regions.
Statistical design centering approach to minimax circuit design

A relationship between the statistical design centering (SDC) approach to production yield optimization and the minimax circuit design is established. It is shown that both approaches can be combined into one coherent methodology, using the same optimization algorithm, and leading either to the yield maximum or to the best fulfilment of the nominal target specifications. Moreover, any other intermediate design between these two extreme cases can be defined by the designer in a sense similar to the one used in L.A Zadeh's fuzzy set theory (1965). This requires only a specific modification of the acceptability region (set) membership function. The proposed methodology is closely related to the income optimization approach to the SDC problem introduced by L.J Opalski and M.A. Styblinski (IEEE Trans. Comput. Aided Design, vol.CAD-5, no.2, p.346-60, 1986). Convolution smoothing techniques combined with stochastic approximation can be used to solve the problem. >
Single case experimental designs

Behavior modification and therapy perhaps are best distinguished from other therapeutic and educational approaches by their dependence on the experimental-empirical methods for solving human problems. Thus, in evaluating the efficacy of emerging therapeutic and educational techniques, a large variety of experimental strategies has been carried out by behavioral researchers. Included, of course, are both group-comparison designs (cf. Kazdin, 1980) and single-case experimental designs (Barlow & Hersen, 1984; Hersen & Barlow, 1976).
Teaching Psychiatry on the Global Scene: The Cornell University Experience.

Qatar is a small country located on the eastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula inWestern Asia. With a surface area barely exceeding 10,000 km and a population of about two million people, it is currently one of the largest exporters of liquid natural gas globally. Because of the sudden rise in revenues from energy resources, Qatar has the highest per capita income in the world. Rather than depending on a fuel-based economy alone, however, the political leadership plans to transform Qatar into a “knowledge-based economy” by investing in people and services. To that end, Qatar Foundation for Education, Science and Community Development (QF) partnered with several renowned universities to establish branches in Qatar. In collaboration with QF, Cornell University in New York established the first medical school in Qatar in 2002. Like the main campus in NewYork, theWeill Cornell Medical College in Qatar (WCMC-Q) has a tripartite mission of fostering excellence in medical education, research, and clinical care [1]. Students are admitted with the same admission criteria and follow the same curriculum as students at Weill Cornell Medical College (WCMC) in New York City. They also take the same exams and adhere to the same criteria for evaluation, promotion, and graduation. The inaugural class, graduating in 2008, had 15 students (nine women and six men) representing seven different nationalities. In 2015, the number rose to 43, and the trend of diversity in gender, nationality, religion, and native languages continues. Stakeholders in Qatar hope that many of the alumni will train in the USA but eventually return to practice in Qatar. Because psychiatry relates more to culture than most other medical specialties, teaching psychiatry has been somewhat of a challenge. We have earlier reported on the state of psychiatry in Qatar [2]. Here we describe our experience teaching psychiatry at WCMC-Q since its inception several years ago. Although there is much written about psychiatric education internationally, teaching at WCMC-Q offers the additional challenge of transferring a US curriculum to the Middle East.
A phase I dose escalation trial of the VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, PTK787/ ZK222584 (PTK/ZK), used in combination with paclitaxel in patients with advanced solid tumors with pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis

14012 Background: The aim of this study was to define the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) for weekly paclitaxel administered in combination with daily PTK/ZK and assess for a potential PK drug interac...
Queering Bem: Theoretical Intersections Between Sandra Bem’s Scholarship and Queer Theory

Sandra Bem revolutionized psychology with her research on gender, androgyny, and gender schematicity, which culminated in her book, The Lenses of Gender. Her work also provides a model for how to cross inter-disciplinary lines to enhance scholarship and reach political goals. We analyze similarities and differences between Bem’s scholarship and scholarship in queer theory, a theoretical movement in the humanities that analyzes discourses that construct man/woman and straight/gay binaries. There are important overlaps between Bem’s lenses of gender (biological essentialism, gender polarization, and androcentrism) and the ideas of many queer theorists. There are also several interesting differences between Bem’s ideas and queer theory: attention to the intrapsychic processes that make up gender, the extent to which individuals can be liberated from gender, proliferating versus contesting gender, intersectionality, and epistemology and methodology. By assessing the similarities and differences between Bem and queer theorists, we show that the two complement each other, affording a better understanding of gender and sexuality. Additionally, both Bem and queer theory lend insight into feminist and queer activism. The theoretical and political advances that can be made by integrating Bem’s ideas and those of queer theorists serve as examples for why it is worthwhile to cross disciplinary lines.
Revision des Atomgewichtes von Phosphor. II. Mitteilung: Die Analyse von Phosphortribromid

Es wurden Methoden beschrieben zur Herstellung von reinem Phosphortrichlorid und zu dessen Analyse.
Technical Note: Detection and identification of radical species formed from α-pinene/ozone reaction using DMPO spin trap

Abstract. The reactions of ozone with monoterpenes proceed via the formation of multiple oxygen- and carbon-centered free radical species. These radical species are highly reactive and thus, have generally not been measureable. A method for their detection and characterization is needed to preserve these radicals for a sufficiently long time to permit analyzes to be performed. Radical-addition reactions, also called spin trapping techniques, allow the detection of short-lived radicals. This approach has been applied to products from the α-pinene/ozone reaction. Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from a reaction chamber was collected on quartz fiber filters and extracted with a solution of 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO) (spin trap) followed by analysis with ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry (MS n ) using electrospray ionization (ESI) in the positive scan mode. The DMPO adducts with radical species appear as positive ions [DMPO−R+H] + , [DMPO−OR+H] + and [DMPO−O−OR+H] + in full MS spectra of the samples. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS 2 ) was performed to identify the radical species. The DMPO adducts with the C-centered radical species [DMPO−R+H] + are characterized by m/z 114 [DMPO+H] + in the MS 2 spectra and with peaks that represent the loss of [DMPO+H] + . The DMPO adducts with O-centered radical species (RO· and ROO·) are identified by m/z 130 [DMPO−OH+H] + and m/z 146 [DMPO−O−OH+H] + , respectively, and with peaks that correspond to the loss of those adducts. DMPO was also able to capture OH radicals from the particle phase, and the product ion fragmentation confirmed DMPO/OH structure providing evidence for particle-bound OH radicals.
WOUND PERIDERM ONTOGENY IN FRAXINUS PENNSYLVANICA SEEDLINGS

Summary In Fraxinus pennsylvanica seedlings which were injured by epidermal scraping, wound periderm was initiated before callus formation. Wound periderm was formed before normal periderm and stimulated formation of normal periderm in uninjured tissue near the wound.
The first example of tautomerism in 2-aminopyrroles: effect of structure and solvent

Abstract Amino/imino tautomerism is observed in secondary 2-aminopyrroles when an electron-withdrawing group is on the amino group. The amino tautomer was favored in solvents that were hydrogen bond acceptors.
Proprietorship and unemployment in the United States

Unemployment and proprietorship can be related in several ways. As unemployment increases, individuals with fewer job alternatives may choose to start their own business resulting in an increase in proprietorship. Alternatively, if an increase in unemployment is the result of a depressed economy, higher unemployment may lead to less demand for the products and services of proprietors, thus reducing proprietorship. Finally, greater proprietorship may lead to future increases in employment as these businesses grow. This can potentially reduce unemployment in the long run. We apply a panel vector autoregressive model to unemployment and proprietorship data from the U.S. states for the years 1976 to 2009 to examine if these effects are apparent in the data. We find that unemployment Granger causes proprietorship, but proprietorship does not Granger cause unemployment.
Microstructures for Two-Phase Gamma Titanium Aluminide Fabricated by Electron Beam Melting

Pre-alloyed (Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb) powder was used to fabricate solid, fully dense (3.85 g/cm3) components by electron beam melting (EBM). Foam components with densities from 0.33 to 0.46 g/cm3 were also fabricated by EBM. Both the solid and the foam component microstructures were characterized by an equiaxed, duplex grain structure (15 μm diameter) containing lamellar α2 (Ti3Al)/γ (TiAl) plates ~20 nm. Light optical metallography and transmission electron microscopy illustrated that these microstructures confirmed the (111)γ/(001)α2 duplex orientation relationship. Solid components annealed at 1150 °C at 5 h and 1380 °C at 1 h exhibited a fine-grain (3 μm diameter) duplex structure and a large, equiaxed, fully lamellar grain structure (550 μm diameter), respectively. The lamellar structure consisted mostly of coherent {111} γ (TiAl) twins with a width of ~0.9 μm. These diverse annealed microstructures exhibited residual hardness values similar to the as-fabricated EBM components.
Specific heating load of thermoelectric heat pumps

Abstract A mathematical model for calculating the performance of a thermoelectric heat pump to achieve a specific heating load is presented. The effects of Joulean heating and thermal conduction are considered. An elaborate heat transfer model is employed to relate the thermal resistances between the thermoelectric system and its surroundings. A specific heating load, heating load per unit of total heat exchanger surface area, is adopted as the objective function for the thermoelectric heat pump performance analysis in this paper.
Hafnium alkyl complexes of the anionic PNP pincer ligand and possible alkylidene formation

Abstract The diarylamido-based PNP pincer ligand can be used successfully for support of organometallic Hf complexes (PNP = [(4-Me-2-iPr2P–C6H3)2N]). (PNP)HfCl3 (3) was prepared via reaction of (PNP)Li (2) with HfCl4(OEt2). Reactions of (PNP)HfCl3 with alkyl Grignards led to triple alkylation to produce (PNP)HfMe3 (4) with a small methyl or only double alkylation to give (PNP)Hf(CH2SiMe3)2Cl (5) with a larger alkyl. Structures of 3, 4, and 5 in the solid state were established by X-ray diffraction studies. Structures of the alkyl complexes 4 and 5 display remarkably irregular coordination environments about Hf, while in 3 it is approximately octahedral. Compound 4 was found to be thermally stable at 75 °C. On the other hand, thermolysis of 5 at similar conditions led to a mixture of products, the major one of which is believed to be a Hf alkylidene on the basis of in situ NMR spectroscopic observations (e.g., δ 248.2 ppm in the 13C{1H} NMR spectrum).
Exhaust-gas imaging via planar laser- induced fluorescence of sulfur dioxide

The potential use of planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) of sulfur dioxide (SO2) for visualization of exhaust-gas distributions is outlined and demonstrated. Strong absorption features in the UV spectral range allow excitation of SO2 with the fourth harmonic of a Nd:YAG laser at 266 nm. Fluorescence emissions are mostly red-shifted and can be easily detected in single-shot imaging arrangements with a good signal-to-noise ratio. This study uses a premixed methane/air flame that is doped with SO2 to demonstrate the technique. The signal strength has a pronounced temperature dependence for excitation at 266 nm.
The Present Status of Drosophila melanogaster.

DURING more than two decades Drosophila melanogaster has occupied a prominent position in connexion with developments in biological theory. Its extreme variability was noted in 1906 by Castle, and its peculiarities in this respect were later exploited by Morgan and his associates in a long series of publications. On account of the great ease with which this fly can be maintained in cultures and of the short life cycle, it has proved most convenient for genetical investigations. Apparently, experimental work excites a disproportionate degree of credence at the present time in connexion with biological theories. Experimental work, from the evolutionary point of view at any rate, by itself alone, appears to have a definitely restricted value.
A Numerical Simulation of the Gravitational Coagulation Process for Cloud Droplets

Abstract The stochastic collection process of a large drop capturing a spectrum of randomly positioned small droplets is investigated by Monte Carlo simulation, and sample growth statistics from 32 independent trials are analyzed and compared to the values obtained from integrating the growth equation. It is found that the sample mean drop mass is compatible with that predicted by the growth equation. However, the sample mean radius is significantly less than the value resulting from continuous growth at the end of 1000 sec. The large-drop growth rate in a polydisperse cloud with an empirical spectrum is compared with that in a monodisperse cloud with the same liquid water content and the same mean volume radius. The growth rate is shown to be considerably smaller in the monodisperse cloud even though it is represented by droplets with a size that is larger than three-fourths of the droplets in the polydisperse spectrum. The problem of cloud spectrum evolution is investigated using the kinetic equation wi...
The Great White Plague and other epidemics: Lessons from early:

Visiting nurses today are challenged by communicable diseases such as tuberculosis and AIDS. These challenges are similar to those that confronted the first visiting nurses in this country who cared for persons with communicable diseases around the turn of this century. They fought tuber culosis, influenza, and infantile paralysis (polio) while struggling with limitations posed by social, medical, and environmental constraints. Remarkably dedicated and innovative, their efforts formed the basis for home care today, and many of their ideas are still relevant.
Statistical impulse response models for indoor optical wireless channels

The indoor optical wireless channel is significantly different than the radio channel. Statistical propagation models developed for the radio channel, which characterize path loss, shadowing, and multipath fading, do not apply. In this paper, we investigate statistical modelling for the indoor optical wireless channel through the examination of the characteristics of a large set of channel impulse responses. The channel responses are generated using an estimation method based on geometrical modelling of indoor environments together with an iterative technique for calculating multiple reflections. We confirm prior studies showing that channels with line-of-sight paths must be modelled separately from those fully diffuse channels with no such path. We show that the distribution of the channel gain in dB for the LOS component follows a modified gamma distribution, and the channel gain in dB for LOS channels including all reflections follows a modified Rayleigh distribution for most transmitter–receiver distances. Similar results are described for distributions of channel gains of diffuse channels and for distributions of rms delay spreads. Finally, we describe a method for generating a statistically realistic impulse response given any transmitter–receiver separation in an indoor environment. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of digital mammography uptake on downstream breast-related care among older women

BackgroundDigital mammography is the dominant modality for breast cancer screening in the United States. No previous studies have investigated as to how introducing digital mammography affects downstream breast-related care.Objective:Compare breast-related health care use after a screening mammogram
Corrosion as affected by a Zone of Metal emerging from the Corrosive

IT is well known that ‘water-line’ corrosion is caused, and salt-spray corrosion is facilitated, by the easy access of oxygen to the metal through the three-phase boundary between the metal, the electrolyte and the atmosphere. The experiments described below give some insight into the mechanism of the arrival of oxygen at such menisci and its electro-dissolution.
Computerized Medical Devices: Trends, Problems, and Safety

Virtually all of the medical devices utilizing electronics will contain a micro or minicomputer by 1990. These devices accounted for $7 billion in U.S. sales in 1984. Their capabilities can provide the means for new or greatly improved medical procedures, and ensure greater patient safety. However, these benefits can easily be compromised if ``computer safety'' is not practiced in the design, manufacturing, testing and clinical use of these devices. Along with a trend to wider usage, the number of recalls of medical devices due to computer-related problems has approximately doubled in the last five years. ``Computer-caused'' problems are often not recognized or reported as such, resulting in an underestimation of the prevalence of this type of problem. Our study of technical factors causing problems in computerized devices revealed that software quality assurance (SQA), the quality of the ac power, and electromagnetic interference are primary factors. Selected design and QA techniques that are well-known in military-aerospace industries can be used to prevent the most prevalent problems occurring in computerized medical devices, without significantly affecting overall device manufacturing costs.
Carbohydrates of the sapotaceae. I. The origin of lactose in A. sapota.

Abstract The sugars extractable from Achras sapota at varying stages of ripeness have been determined qualitatively and quantitatively. Lactose has been shown to occur only in ripe fruits of A. sapota. The data point to its derivation from oligosaccharides of the fruit. The oligosaccharides of A. sapota have been briefly described.
The Generation and Evolution of Nonlinear Internal Waves in the Deep Basin of the South China Sea

AbstractTime series observations of nonlinear internal waves in the deep basin of the South China Sea are used to evaluate mechanisms for their generation and evolution. Internal tides are generated by tidal currents over ridges in Luzon Strait and steepen as they travel west, subsequently generating high-frequency nonlinear waves. Although nonlinear internal waves appear repeatedly on the western slopes of the South China Sea, their appearance in the deep basin is intermittent and more closely related to the amplitude of the semidiurnal than the predominant diurnal tidal current in Luzon Strait. As the internal tide propagates westward, it evolves under the influence of nonlinearity, rotation, and nonhydrostatic dispersion. The interaction between nonlinearity and rotation transforms the internal tide into a parabolic or corner shape. A fully nonlinear two-layer internal wave model explains the observed characteristics of internal tide evolution in the deep basin for different representative forcing cond...