cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Channel characterization for implant to body surface communication

Inductively coupled transceivers (ICT) are widely being employed in implantable biomedical devices for wireless communication with the external world. The performance of such implant-to-body-surface communication is dependent on the characteristics of the transmitter, the receiver and the channel between them, which consists of layers of biological tissue. In this paper a representative ICT has been studied to characterize the effect of different physical orientations on the bit error process. The effect of biological tissue on the communication channel has also been quantified. The channel was measured to have a bit-level memory of 3 bits and a packet level memory of 6 packets. The impact of forward error correction (FEC) was analyzed and the use of 3-bit FEC was found to reduce the number of retransmissions by 65%. The results of this study enable optimization of reliable implantable communication systems.
Variable voltage task scheduling algorithms for minimizing energy

In this paper we propose variable voltage task scheduling algorithms (periodic as well as aperiodic) that minimize energy. We first apply the existing task scheduling algorithms to obtain a feasible schedule and then distribute the available slack using an iterative algorithm that satisfies the theoretically obtained relation for minimum energy. We show experimentally that the voltage assignment obtained by our algorithm is very close (0.1% error) to that of the optimal assignment.
Masquerade Detection through GUIID

A masquerade attack is any attack in which the attacker is able to make the target system believe they are someone they are not. One particularly dangerous example of a masquerade attack occurs when an attacker uses an unattended, unlocked computer workstation. We present the results of a study into a new form of user authentication that can be used to defend against this type of masquerade attack. This new authentication scheme, which we call GUI-based intrusion detection ("GUIID"), examines the manner in which a user is interacting with the graphical user interface. Our results show that a user's current behavior can be compared to previously observed behaviors to find masquerade attacks. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of systems using GUIID as a means of detecting masquerade style intrusions.
A MACROECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF GUEST WORKER PERMITS

This paper evaluates the optimality of a temporary worker permit policy from the point of view of the host country by using a two-country dynamic general equilibrium model, calibrated with data from the United States and Mexico. In the model, the decision to migrate and the corresponding decision to return are endogenous and take place within families that are heterogeneous in terms of human capital. After finding a migrant's optimal migration duration and the resulting shrinkage in the wage gap and change in interest rates, the paper derives the restriction on migrants' stay that maximizes natives' utility. It also derives the migrant length of stay that would pass a majority vote. When migration duration is restricted, the fraction of the native population made better off is maximized with a permit length of four years.
AAC Use by People With TBI: Affects of Cognitive Impairments

Abstract Survivors of traumatic brain injury (TBI) use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) to compensate for communication impairments. However, various cognitive impairments resulting from TBI affect AAC intervention and, thus, require special consideration. The purpose of this article is to address four areas that professionals who provide AAC may need to consider as part of their service provision to people with TBI: (a) the evolution of AAC use during the recovery process, (b) the effect of cognitive impairments on multimodal communication, (c) appropriate message representation, and (d) difficulties with AAC navigation resulting from cognitive impairments. Finally, this paper provides some suggestions and some areas of future research related to survivors of TBI use of AAC.
Molecular orbital theory of the properties of inorganic and organometallic compounds 5. Extended basis sets for first‐row transition metals

A series of efficient split-valence basis sets for first-row transition metals, termed 3-21G, has been constructed based on previously-formulated minimal expansions of Huzinaga, in which each atomic orbital has been represented by a sum of three gaussians. The original Huzinaga expansions for s- and p-type orbitals (except those for 1s) have been fit by least squares to new three-gaussian combinations in which the two sets of orbitals (of the same n quantum number) share gaussian exponents. The Huzinaga three-gaussian expansions for ls and 3d atomic orbitals have been employed without alteration. The valence description of the 3-21G basis sets comprises 3d-, 4s- and 4p-type functions, each of which has been split into two- and one-gaussian parts. 4p functions, while not populated in the ground state of the free atoms, are believed to be important to the description of the bonding in molecules. The performance of the 3-21G basis sets is examined with regard to the calculation of equilibrium geometries and normalmode vibrational frequencies for a variety of inorganic and organometallic compounds containing first-row transition metals. Calculated equilibrium structures, while generally superior to those obtained at STO-3G, are not as good as those for compounds containing main-group elements only. The calculations generally underestimate the lengths of double bonds between transition metals and main-group elements, and overestimate the lengths of single linkages. Calculated normal-mode vibrational frequencies for metal-containing systems are less uniform than in those for main-group compounds.
Development of a screening MRI for infants at risk for abusive head trauma.

Abusive head trauma (AHT) is an important cause of morbidity in infants. Identifying which well-appearing infants are at risk for AHT and need neuroimaging is challenging, and concern about radiation exposure limits the use of head CT. Availability of an MRI protocol that is highly sensitive for intracranial hemorrhage would allow for AHT screening of well-appearing infants without exposing them to radiation. To develop a screening MRI protocol to identify intracranial hemorrhage in well-appearing infants at risk for AHT. Infants enrolled in a parent study of well-appearing infants at increased risk for AHT were eligible for the current study if they underwent both head CT and conventional brain MRI. A derivation cohort of nine infants with AHT was used to identify sequences that provided the highest sensitivity for intracranial hemorrhage. A validation cohort of 78 infants including both controls with normal neuroimaging and cases with AHT was used to evaluate the accuracy of the selected sequences. Three pulse sequences — axial T2, axial gradient recalled echo (GRE) and coronal T1-W inversion recovery — were 100% sensitive for intracranial hemorrhage in the derivation cohort. The same sequences were 100% sensitive (25/25) and 83% specific (44/53) for intracranial hemorrhage in the validation cohort. A screening MRI protocol including axial T2, axial GRE and coronal T1-W inversion recovery sequences is highly sensitive for intracranial hemorrhage and may be useful as a screening tool to differentiate well-appearing infants at risk for AHT who should undergo head CT from those who can safely be discharged without head CT. Additional research is needed to evaluate the feasibility of this approach in clinical practice.
Involucrin: A Constituent of Cross-Linked Envelopes and Marker of Squamous Maturation

The coordinated program of terminal differentiation in epidermis yields a superficial layer of tough dead squames well suited to the protective function of the integument. These mature cells consist primarily of insoluble disulfide-bonded keratin tonofilaments, but also exhibit a “cornified envelope” immediately beneath the plasma membrane. This structure, consisting of protein, is resistant to keratinolytic agents (alkali, detergent and reducing agent) and organic solvents, but is sensitive to proteolytic digestion (Matoltsy and Balsamo 1955; Sun and Green 1976). The chemical stability of the envelope is attributable to a high degree of e-(γ-glutamyl)lysine cross-linking arising from cellular transglutaminase activity (Sugawara 1977; Rice and Green 1977). Envelopes are conspicuous in hair and nail samples boiled in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and reducing agent (Rice and Green, unpublished), where their rigid interlocking convolutions contribute to the exceptional cohesiveness of the cells in these appendages (Green et al. 1982). Envelopes are present on the surface of all the stratified squamous epithelia of the human and have been observed in the cornified layer of epidermis of mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians but not fish (Matoltsy 1977).
Prior myocardial infarction is associated with coronary endothelial dysfunction in women with signs and symptoms of ischemia and no obstructive coronary artery disease.

☆ This work was supported by contracts from the N Institutes nos. N01-HV-68161, N01-HV-68162, N01-HVU0164829, U01 HL649141, U01 HL649241, K23HL10 HL090957, 1R03AG032631 from the National Institute RR00425 from the National Center for Research Resou Advancing Translational Sciences with Grant UL1TR0 Gustavus and Louis Pfeiffer Research Foundation, Danv Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, The Ladies H Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh, PA, and QMED, Inc., Laurence H and the Constance Ausetin Women's Heart Research Fel Center, Los Angeles, California, the Barbra Streisand Wo and Education Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Women's Health Research (SWHR), Washington, D.C., Heart Health Program, and the Erika Glazer Women's He Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. ⁎ Corresponding author at: 127 S. San Vicente Blvd, A32 E-mail address: Puja.Mehta@cshs.org (P.K. Mehta).
ADAM12: a genetic modifier of preclinical peripheral arterial disease

Genetic polymorphism may play a role in modulating peripheral arterial disease (PAD) severity when an occlusion is present. With the use of a preclinical model of PAD, we show that a disintegrin an...
Bringing Foucault into Law and Law into Foucault

The announced purpose of Alan Hunt and Gary Wickham 's book Foucault and Law, is "to demonstrate the pertinence of [Michel] Foucault for contemporary issues in legal studies. " In this review essay, I acknowledge the important contributions Hunt and Wickham have made, both in introducing basic Foucaultian concepts to a legal academic audience, and in identifying the defects in Foucault's explicit discussions of law. Yet, I contend, the authors turn too quickly from Foucault's work toward their own new research project, the "sociology of law as governance." Rather than constructing a new subdiscipline of the sociology of law, I argue, the authors might have considered more directly how Foucault's work could illuminate issues in contemporary legal studies. Through a critical examination of some exemplary appropriations of Foucault, I suggest the possibilities and limits of Foucault's usefulness for legal scholarship.
The Service Demand Analysis of the Postpartum Contraceptive Education for Floating Females in Guangzhou

Objective:To study the status of contraceptive adoption and the service demand of the postpartum reproductive health education for floating females in Guangzhou,to investigate the family planning service model for floating population.Method:The demand for the contraceptive and birth control services and the awareness for the contraceptive and birth control services were investigated through closed-questionnaire surveys in 1000 maternal floating populations.They were selected and hospital deliveried in Guangzhou women and children medical center.Result:In postpartum women,The average age of objects were (28.50±4.00),59.7% of them were office workers and unemployed females,63.3% were graduated from junior or senior high school,28.03% of them had the history of induced abortions.The time of postpartum reproductive health education,which were welcomed during the time for physical examination in postnatal 42 days outpatient department,at infant physical examination or immunization and during postpartum follow-up and physical examination.The sources were primary supplied by networks,science popularization or exhibition,and doctors.They payed closed attention to the merits and demerits of contraceptions,contraception methods and sexually transmitted disease.Conclusion:It is important to carry out postpartum contraception early,the informed choice and health education of contraception should be enhanced by medical workers according to the characteristic and demands of postpartum women.
Effects of in vivo prednisone on in vitro eosinophil and neutrophil adherence and chemotaxis

The mechanisms by which corticosteroids affect circulating granulocytesare not completely understood. Since granulocyte adherence and chemotaxis are both prerequisite for an exudative response in inflammation, we studied these functions in vitro before and at 4, 24, and 48 hr after administration of 60 mg of prednisone to healthy human volunteers and patients with idiopathic hypereosinophilia. Adherence was determined by the number of eosinophils and neutrophils from heparinized whole blood that remained adherent to nylonwool colums after a 1 5-mm incubation. Prior to prednisone administration, 68 ± 7 % neutrophils and 60 ± 1 8 % eosinophils were adherent; 4 hr after prodnisono administration, adherence of both cell types decreased by one-third (p < 0.02); at 24 hr adherence had partially recovered (neutrophils 63 ± 10 %; eosinophils 60 ± 5 %). Chemo
Utilizing research in wheelchair and seating selection and configuration for children with injury/dysfunction of the spinal cord.

Objective: To determine how research regarding wheelchair and seating selection and configuration could be applied to the pediatric population with spinal cord injury (SCI) and dysfunction.Methods:...
Structure and properties of Na2O-TiO2-SiO2 glasses: Role of Na and Ti on modifying the silica network

Abstract Changes in the structure and properties of xNa2O-yTiO2-(1-x-y)SiO2 glasses have been studied with regards to composition through Raman spectroscopy, Brillouin light scattering, and dilatometry. Twelve glasses with compositions x = 10, 15, 20, and 25, and y = 4, 7, and 10 were prepared through a traditional melt quench method. Na2O was found to increase the density, refractive index, coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), bulk modulus, and Poisson's ratio of glasses, and to decrease Young's modulus and shear modulus. Density, refractive index, Young's modulus, shear modulus, bulk modulus and Poisson's ratio increase with the increase of TiO2 content. CTE was found to increase with the initial addition of 4 mol% TiO2 and to remain constant with further additions, regardless of the Na2O content. Changes in the Raman spectra with composition have been discussed and related to the changes in resulting properties.
Measuring Price Activity in the Art Investment Market

An attempt is made here to construct an art price index that is both reliable and a useable tool for people with no expertise in the market. Those who would be interested in using it might be investors, collectors, sellers, and economists. The above mentioned criteria are the traditional measures of index construction. Irving Fisher, in his important treatise on index numbers, ranks index formulas according to accuracy, speed, and simplicity, or, as he describes it, "intelligibility to the uninitiated," (1922, p. 365).
Blocking fatty acid synthesis reduces lung tumor growth in mice

Tumors often overexpress enzymes that synthesize fatty acids, but the requirement for fatty acid synthesis in tumor growth is unclear. A new fatty acid–synthesis inhibitor blunts lung tumor growth in mice, which implicates this process as a targetable liability.
Sintering behavior and mechanical properties of Mo-TZM alloyed with nanotitanium carbide

Abstract Molybdenum alloys are used in a number of commercial, defense, nuclear, and aerospace applications that take advantage of their high melting temperature, good creep resistance, and decent mechanical properties at elevated temperature. Titanium-Zirconium-Molybdenum (TZM) alloys are the most commercially important Mo alloy as they possess substantially higher strength than pure molybdenum while still maintaining strong mechanical performance at elevated temperature. High density components of these alloys are of interest for high performance defense and aerospace applications, however obtaining high relative densities by sintering has proven difficult. Here we report nano-titanium carbide addition as an effective method of improving TZM sintered density as well as increasing alloy hardness and flexural strength. Pure TZM was sintered by Field Assisted sintering Technique (FAST) to over 98.5% density at 2000 °C under 55 MPa applied pressure, while density was improved to > 99% using TiC addition. TiC addition was found to result in reduced grain size and improved hardness of as-sintered alloys, including over a 95% reduction in grain size and 75% increase in hardness for TZM with 10 vol%TiC addition.
Low dose, non-tomographic estimation of lesion position and trace element concentration in NSECT

Neutron stimulated emission computed tomography (NSECT) is a quantitative imaging method that uses fast-neutron inelastic scatter to identify the elemental composition of diseased tissue in biological organs. Previous NSECT work has shown the ability to quantitatively image liver iron concentrations through tomographic imaging; however, such acquisition imparts considerable radiation dose. To implement NSECT as a low-dose diagnostic tool, we are developing a technique to simultaneously determine the element concentration and position from a single-angle scan of the tissue, thereby eliminating the need for tomography and reducing both scan time and radiation dose. Using known physical factors such as neutron and gamma attenuation that affect the detected gamma signal, a unique equation corresponding to the expected gamma counts can be developed for each detector in the acquisition system, and these equations can be solved iteratively to obtain a simultaneous estimate of the lesion position and iron concentration. As the first step towards the development of this algorithm, we describe here a graphical approach to localize and quantify an iron lesion in the liver without tomographic imaging. The acquisition system with a collimated neutron source, multiple gamma detectors, and a tissue phantom were simulated in GEANT4 and used to generate gamma spectra from 50 different combinations of lesion position and iron concentration: 49 known cases and 1 unknown ‘test’ case. Surface plots of gamma counts vs. lesion position and iron concentration from the 49 known combinations were generated for each detector. The ‘test’ lesion signal was overlaid on the surface plots to obtain the best estimate of the unknown lesion concentration and position in the beam. The results showed 100% accurate identification of the concentration and less than 20% error in the identified position. The results validate the approach for non-tomographic determination of these parameters.
Preventing Acute Cardiac Events during Marathons with Pre-Race Aspirin

Objectives: Reducing sudden cardiac death during sport is the highest clinical priority in preventive sports cardiology. While the overall cardiovascular risk of long distance running is low, the frequency of cardiac arrest and sudden death in middle-aged males during marathons has increased since the year 2000. An evidencebased strategy for reducing race-related acute cardiac events in this vulnerable subgroup is considered based on identification of the underlying cause. Method: Review of articles in PubMed on adverse cardiac events during marathons. Findings: Recent epidemiological studies identified atherosclerotic heart disease as the underlying cause of cardiac arrest and sudden death in middle-aged males during marathons since the year 2000. Same-aged asymptomatic middle-aged male runners showed a post-race polymorphonuclear leukocytosis with sequential increases in interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein likely due to rhabdomyolysis after ‘hitting the wall’. Elevated fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor and D-dimer with in vivo platelet activation indicated concurrent hyper-coagulability. Cardiac troponins I and T and NT-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide were transiently elevated after races in these same asymptomatic subjects. Conclusions: Asymptomatic middle-aged male runners are at transient high risk for acute cardiac events during marathons as demonstrated by stratification of validated biomarkers. Pre-race aspirin usage is prudent to address the increasing frequency of race-related acute cardiac events in this vulnerable subgroup based on conclusive evidence for its ability to protect same-aged healthy males from first acute myocardial infarctions in a randomized prospective primary prevention trial. Prospective studies are needed to assess the efficacy of this strategy.
Principles of HIV Gene Therapy

If “anti-HIV genes” (genes that interfere with the life cycle of HIV) are inserted into HIV target cells, these cells are rendered immune to the destructive effects of HIV. Anti-HIV genes can be engineered to interfere with attachment, uncoating, reverse transcription, integration, expression, and budding of the virus. Target cells for HIV are CD4+ T cells, macrophages, monocytes, dendritic cells, and even brain microglia. All these cells are of hematopoietic origin, derived from hematopoietic stem cells. Anti-HIV genes inserted into hematopoietic stem cells will be passed onto all progeny, including all the target cells for HIV. Newly arising cells will therefore be protected from the detrimental effects of HIV.
Sparse Representations for Speech Recognition

This chapter presents the methods that are currently exploited for sparse optimization in speech. It also demonstrates how sparse representations can be constructed for classification and recognition tasks, and gives an overview of recent results that were obtained with sparse representations.
A multiphysics microstructure-resolved model for silicon anode lithium-ion batteries

Abstract Silicon (Si) is one of the most promising next generation anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), but the use of Si in LIBs has been rather limited. The main challenge is its large volume change (up to 300%) during battery cycling. This can lead to the fracture of Si, failure at the interfaces between electrode components, and large dimensional change on the cell level. To optimize the Si electrode/battery design, a model that considers the interactions of different cell components is needed. This paper presents the development of a multiphysics microstructure-resolved model (MRM) for LIB cells with a-Si anode. The model considered the electrochemical reactions, Li transports in electrolyte and electrodes, dimensional changes and stresses, property evolution with the structure, and the coupling relationships. Important model parameters, such as the diffusivity, reaction rate constant, and apparent transfer coefficient, were determined by correlating the simulation results to experiments. The model was validated with experimental results in the literature. The use of this model was demonstrated in a parameter study of Si nanowall|Li cells. The specific and volumetric capacities of the cell as a function of the size, length/size ratio, spacing of the nanostructure, and Li+ concentration in electrolyte were investigated.
Simulation by cellular automata of the crystallization of a matrix containing a mobile second phase

Two-dimensional cellular automaton computer simulations were carried out to model the geometric interaction between growing matrix grains and mobile, equiaxed particles, thus simulating crystallization (respectively, recrystallization, phase transformation or solidification) of a material containing mobile particles. As a result of particle pushing by growing grains, particle accumulation at grain boundaries and triple-points and concomitant particle depletion within grains occurs. A range of grain nucleation rate, particle area fractions and particle settling rate was investigated under continuous grain nucleation conditions. While these parameters do not change the crystallization kinetics or grain size or shape, they strongly affect the particle spatial distribution and clustering during and after crystallization.
Simulated climate adaptation in storm-water systems: Evaluating the efficiency of within-system flexibility

Abstract Changes in regional temperature and precipitation patterns resulting from global climate change may adversely affect the performance of long-lived infrastructure. Adaptation may be necessary to ensure that infrastructure offers consistent service and remains cost effective. But long service times and deep uncertainty associated with future climate projections make adaptation decisions especially challenging for managers. Incorporating flexibility into systems can increase their effectiveness across different climate futures but can also add significant costs. In this paper we review existing work on flexibility in climate change adaptation of infrastructure, such as robust decision-making and dynamic adaptive pathways, apply a basic typology of flexibility, and test alternative strategies for flexibility in distributed infrastructure systems comprised of multiple emplacements of a common, long-lived element: roadway culverts. Rather than treating a system of dispersed infrastructure elements as monolithic, we simulate “options flexibility” in which inherent differences in individual elements is incorporated into adaptation decisions. We use a virtual testbed of highway drainage crossing structures to examine the performance under different climate scenarios of policies that allow for multiple adaptation strategies with varying timing based on individual emplacement characteristics. Results indicate that a strategy with options flexibility informed by crossing characteristics offers a more efficient method of adaptation than do monolithic policies. In some cases this results in more cost-effective adaptation for agencies building long-lived, climate-sensitive infrastructure, even where detailed system data and analytical capacity is limited.
Incorporating Spirituality into the MPA Curriculum: Framing the Discussion

Traditionally, public affairs education has avoided the discussion of spirituality and religion. Perhaps this has been in deference to the tradition of separation of church and state, or perhaps it...
Technology’s Impact on the Gaps Model of Service Quality

This chapter presents a foundational framework for service science – the Gaps Model of Service Quality. For over two decades the model has been used across industries and worldwide to help companies formulate strategies to deliver quality service, to integrate customer focus across functions, and to provide a foundation for service as a competitive strategy. It was developed at a time when most services were delivered interpersonally and in real time without the advantages (and sometimes disadvantages) of technology infusion. In the intervening years, technology has profoundly changed the nature of service(s) and at the same time it has influenced strategies for closing each of the service quality gaps. Thus, this chapter has a dual purpose: to provide a general overview of the Gaps Model of Service Quality and to demonstrate how key aspects of the model have changed and evolved due to advances in technologies. We begin with background on the Gaps Model and a discussion of the role of technology and services in general. We then discuss strategies for closing each gap in the model and illustrate the influence of technologies on these fundamental management strategies.
A Tangible Virtual Vibrating String A Physically Motivated Virtual Musical Instrument Interface

We introduce physically motivated interfaces for playing virtual musical instruments, and we suggest that they lie somewhere in between commonplace interfaces and haptic interfaces in term so f their complexity. Next, we review guitarlike interfaces, and we design an interface to a virtual string. The excitation signal and pitch are sensed separately using two independent string segments. These parameters control a two-axis digital waveguide virtual string, which models vibrations in the horizontal and vertical transverse axes as well as the coupling between them .F inally, we consider the advantages of using a multi-axis pickup for measuring the excitation signal.
Discrete groups, symmetric flows and hydrodynamic blowup

Discrete group theory is applied to certain well-known flows with discrete symmetries. A flow is associated with particular discrete point or space group if flow components possess the same symmetries as the irreducible representations of the group. The flows examined are or have been considered candidates for finite-time blowup. The properties of the groups are related to the characteristics of the flows.
Framework for creating large-scale content-based image retrieval system (cbir) for solar data analysis

With the launch of NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory mission, a whole new age of high-quality solar image analysis was started. With the generation of over 1.5 Terabytes of solar images, per day, that are ten times higher resolution than high-definition television, the task of analyzing them by scientists by hand is simply impossible. The storage of all these images becomes a second problem of importance due to the fact that there is only one full copy of this repository in the world, therefore an alternate and compressed representation of these images is of vital importance. Current automated image processing approaches in solar physics are entirely dedicated to analyze individual types of solar phenomena and do not allow researchers to conveniently query the whole Solar Dynamics Observatory repository for similar images of their interests. We developed a Content-based Image Retrieval system that can automatically analyze and retrieve multiple different types of solar phenomena, this will fundamentally change the way researchers look for solar images in a similar way as Google changed the way people searched the internet. During the development of our system, we created a framework that would allow researchers to tweak and develop their own content-based image retrieval systems for different domain-specific applications with great ease and a deeper understanding of the representation of domain-specific image data. This framework incorporates many different aspects of image processing and information retrieval such as: image parameter extraction for reduced representation of solar images, image parameter evaluation for validation of image parameters used, evaluation of multiple dissimilarity measures for more accurate data analysis, analyses of dimensionality reduction methods to help reduce storage and processing costs, and indexing and retrieval algorithms for faster and more efficient search. The capabilities of this framework have never been available together as an open source and comprehensive software package. With these unique capabilities, we achieved a higher level of knowledge of our solar data and validated each of our steps into the creation of our solar content-based image retrieval system with an exhaustive evaluation. The contributions of our framework will allow researchers to tweak and develop new content-based image retrieval systems for other domains (e.g astronomy, medical field) and will allow the migration of astrophysics research from the individual analysis of solar phenomenon into larger-scale data analyses.
Rare Interstitial Lung Diseases

This chapter details the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis and lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM). It also highlights other, rarer, interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) including aspiration-related ILD, lipoid pneumonia, amyloidosis, Erdheim–Chester disease, Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome, neurofibromatosis, pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis, bronchioloalveolar cell carcinoma, and lymphangitic carcinomatosis.
Age Related Expression of Human AT1R Variants and Associated Renal Dysfunction in Transgenic Mice

Background The contribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms in transcriptional regulation of the human angiotensin receptor type I (hAT1R) gene in age-related chronic pathologies such as hypertension and associated renal disorders is not well known. The hAT1R gene has single nucleotide polymorphisms in its promoter that forms 2 haplotypes (Hap), Hap-I and Hap-II. Hap-I of AT1R gene is associated with hypertension in Caucasians. We have hypothesized here that age will alter the transcriptional environment of the cell and will regulate the expression of hAT1R gene in a haplotype-dependent manner. This could likely make subjects with Hap-I increasingly susceptible to age-associated, AT1R-mediated complications. Method We generated transgenic (TG) mice with Hap-I and Hap-II. Adults (10-12 weeks) and aged (20-24 months) TG male mice containing either Hap-I or Hap-II were divided into 4 groups to study (i) the age-associated and haplotype-specific transcriptional regulation of hAT1R gene and (ii) their physiological relevance. Results In aged animals, TG mice with Hap-I show increased expression of hAT1R and higher blood pressure (BP); suppression of antioxidant defenses (hemoxygenase, superoxide dismutase) and antiaging molecules (ATRAP, Klotho, Sirt3); increased expression of pro-inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNFα, CRP, NOX1); and increased insulin resistance. In vivo ChIP assay shows stronger binding of transcription factor USF2 to the chromatin of Hap-I mice. Conclusion Our results suggest that in aged animals, as compared with Hap-II, the TG mice with Hap-I overexpress hAT1R gene due to the stronger transcriptional activity, thus resulting in an increase in their BP and associated renal disorders.
Both Eastern and Western: An Intellectual History of Iranian Modernity

Since the Iranian Revolution of 1979, many Western observers of Iran have seen the country caught between Eastern history and 'Western' modernity, between religion and secularity. As a result, analysis of political philosophy preceding the Revolution has become subsumed by this narrative. Here, Afshin Matin-Asgari proposes a revisionist work of intellectual history, challenging many of the dominant paradigms in Iranian and Middle Eastern historiography and offering a new narration. In charting the intellectual construction of Iranian modernity during the twentieth century, Matin-Asgari focuses on broad patterns of influential ideas and their relation to each other. These intellectual trends are studied in a global historical context, leading to the assertion that Iranian modernity has been sustained by at least a century of intense intellectual interaction with global ideologies. Turning many prevailing narratives on their heads, the author concludes that modern Iran can be seen as, culturally and intellectually, both Eastern and Western.
An Improved CSI Based Device Free Indoor Localization Using Machine Learning Based Classification Approach

Indoor positioning system (IPS) has shown great potentials with the growth of context-aware computing. Typical IPS requires the tracked subject to carry a physical device. In this study, we present MaLDIP, a novel, machine learning based, device free technique for indoor positioning. To design the device free setting, we exploited the Channel State Information (CSI) obtained from Multiple Input Multiple Output Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM). The system works by utilizing frequency diversity and spatial diversity properties of CSI at target location by correlating the impact of human presence to certain changes on the received signal features. However, accurate modeling of the effect of a subject on fine grained CSI is challenging due to the presence of multipaths. We propose a novel subcarrier selection method to remove the multipath affected subcarriers to improve the performance of localization. We select the most location-dependent features from channel response based upon the wireless propagation model and propose to apply a machine learning based approach for location estimation, where the localization problem is shifted to a cell identification problem using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) based classifier. Experimental results show that MaLDIP can estimate location in a passive device free setting with a high accuracy using MIMO-OFDM system.
Medicolegal Aspects of Vascular Difficulties

Since the United States is a highly industrialized country, it can be expected that more and more people will be covered by liability laws, workmen’s compensation acts, and disability insurance programs. Therefore, much as they might desire it, orthopedic and general surgeons cannot ignore the medicolegal aspects of their profession. Moreover, the growing incidence of malpractice suits initiated after elective surgery or even following limb- or lifesaving procedures makes the situation more critical.1 This chapter deals with some of the problems in forensic medicine that have relevance to the vascular complications of musculoskeletal disorders and their treatment.
Doxorubicin induces detrusor smooth muscle impairments through myosin dysregulation, leading to a risk of lower urinary tract dysfunction

Cytotoxic chemotherapy is the foundation for the treatment of the wide variety of childhood malignancies; however, these therapies are known to have a variety of deleterious side effects. One commo...
Hexaviral specific T-cells targeting parainfluenza, CMV, EBV, adenovirus, HHV6 and BKV used for prophylaxis and treatment of viral infections in patients post stem cell transplant

Background & Aim Viral infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with primary immunodeficiency disorders and following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Adoptive immunotherapy using virus specific T-cells (VSTs) has been shown to prevent and treat viral infections in immunocompromised hosts. Human Parainfluenza Virus-3 (HPIV3) is a common cause of severe respiratory illness in immunocompromised patients and has no approved antiviral therapies and has not previously been used as a target for T cell therapeutics. The primary aim was to determine whether donor derived hexaviral specific T-cells are effective in preventing and treating CMV, EBV, AdV, BK virus, HHV-6, and HPIV3. Methods, Results & Conclusion Patients and Methods This was a “first in man” study where we studied the antiviral effect in 8 patients who received hexa-valent VSTs after stem cell transplant on a Phase I trial. Assessment of virus-specific immunity was measured by IFN-gamma ELIspot. Viral loads for the primary targeted viruses were measured at specific time points post VST infusion. Results Three patients were treated for active CMV and had resolution of viremia. Two patients treated for active BK virus had complete resolution of symptoms and viremia, while one had resolution of hemorrhagic cystitis but fluctuating viral loads in the blood and urine. Two patients were treated prophylactically. One patient did not develop any infections, while the other developed EBV viremia requiring rituximab. Two patients received VSTs under expanded access for emergency treatment – 1 patient was treated for disseminated adenoviremia and the second patient was treated for HPIV3 pneumonia. These critically ill patients demonstrated partial clinical improvements, but both died (one of progressive adenovirus, and the other of gram negative sepsis). VST persistence was likely hindered by concomitant steroid use which resulted in incomplete antiviral responses. ELISpot showed evidence of antiviral T-cell activity in 3 of 4 evaluable patients by 3 months post-infusion, with in vivoVST expansion detectable in 2 patients. Conclusions Preliminary results show that hexaviral specific VSTs are safe and may be effective in preventing and treating multiple viral infections. Further studies are warranted to determine if VSTs are effective against active HPIV3 infections.
Electronically Excited States of Adsorbates on Metal Surfaces

In recent years there has been a growing interest in understanding the nature and the decay mechanisms of the electronic excitations of adsorbates. The energies and lifetimes of such excitations are important in a variety of active research areas such as photon and electron-stimulated desorption, photoluminescence and photochemistry of adsorbates, resonance photoemission, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and non-linear surface optical processes. In general, optical studies of such excitations are hampered by weak signals and by the limited spectral range accessible. Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), however, has submonolayer sensitivity and can probe a very wide range of excitations from vibrational to high-lying electronic excitations. With the appropriate choice of scattering conditions, EELS also permits symmetry and spin-forbidden transitions to be observed.1,2
The role of plant expression platforms in biopharmaceutical development: possibilities for the future.

Introduction: Plant-made vaccines have been in the pipeline for nearly thirty years. Generated stably in transgenic plants or transiently using virus expression systems, pharmaceuticals have been d...
Recessive deleterious variation has a limited impact on signals of adaptive introgression in human populations

Admixture with archaic hominins has altered the landscape of genomic variation in modern human populations. Several gene regions have been previously identified as candidates of adaptive introgression (AI) that facilitated human adaptation to specific environments. However, simulation-based studies have suggested that population genetics processes other than adaptive mutations, such as heterosis from recessive deleterious variants private to populations before admixture, can also lead to patterns in genomic data that resemble adaptive introgression. The extent to which the presence of deleterious variants affect the false-positive rate and the power of current methods to detect AI has not been fully assessed. Here, we used extensive simulations to show that recessive deleterious mutations can increase the false positive rates of tests for AI compared to models without deleterious variants. We further examined candidates of AI in modern humans identified from previous studies and show that, although deleterious variants may hinder the performance of AI detection in modern humans, most signals remained robust when deleterious variants are included in the null model. While deleterious variants may have a limited impact on detecting signals of adaptive introgression in humans, we found that at least two AI candidate genes, HYAL2 and HLA, are particularly susceptible to high false positive rates due to the recessive deleterious mutations. By quantifying parameters that affect heterosis, we show that the high false positives are largely attributed to the high exon densities together with low recombination rates in the genomic regions, which can further be exaggerated by the population growth in recent human evolution. Although the combination of such parameters is rare in the human genome, caution is still warranted in other species with different genomic composition and demographic histories.
P101 : DQB1∗03:19 ASSOCIATION WITH DRB1 AND DQA1 IN NORTH CAROLINA POPULATION

Aim DQB1∗03:19 allele has been reported to be associated with DRB1∗11:01 or DRB1∗11:02 allele. Here, we report its extended association with DRB1 and DQA1 in our local population. Materials and methods Randomly selected 1425 reports from our routine HLA typing were analyzed for DQB1∗03:19 allele association with DRB1 and DQA1 alleles. High and intermediate resolution of HLA typing was performed by SBT, SSP and rSSOP methodology. The most common alleles were selected if intermediate resolution typing results had ambiguities in DRB1 locus. Results DQB1∗03:19 allele has been detected in 86 out of 1425 individuals, which consists 6% of the population analyzed. Among the DQB1∗03:19 individuals, the most frequent DRB1 alleles were DRB1∗08:04 (42 out of 86, 49%) and DRB1∗11:02 (32 out of 86, 37%). Among the DRB1∗08:04-DQB1∗03:19 individuals, 37 had been DQA1 typed, of which 36 carried a DQA1∗04:01. Among the DRB1∗11:02-DQB1∗03:19 individuals, 29 had been DQA1 typed, of which 28 carried a DQA1∗05:CMM as shown in Table 1. 73 out of 84 individuals with known ethnicity among DQB1∗03:19 population were identified as African American descendants and only 10 and 1 of them were Caucasians and Native American, respectively. No ethnicity was reported in 2 individuals (Table 2). Conclusion Based on our observations, we can demonstrate the presence of the following two most likely haplotypes DRB1∗08:04-DQB1∗03:19-DQA1∗04:01 and DRB1∗11:02-DQB1∗03:19-DQA1∗05:CMM. Both of these two most likely haplotypes were mainly observed among African Americans in North Carolina.
Patch exclusion technique with Amplatzer septal occluder device for the treatment of postinfarction ventricular septal defect.

Abstract Objective Postinfarction ventricular septal defects (VSDs) is one of the serious mechanical complications of acute myocardial infarction and it is associated with high mortality even with surgical repair. Combining surgical patch closure with an Amplatzer septal occluder device (ASOD) is a novel technique that has not been reported before. Deploying an ASOD under direct vision through a left ventriculotomy followed by exclusion patch repair is a novel and dependable surgical technique of a repair for patients with postinfarction VSD. Methods This is a case series of two patients with large inferior postinfarction VSDs who underwent open repair with an ASOD deployed under direct vision through a left ventriculotomy followed by surgical exclusion patch repair. Results There was no immediate intraoperative complication from the repair, no residual VSD, no in hospital mortality. One patient was taken back to the operative room for bleeding on the day of surgery. One patient was discharged to a rehab facility and the other was discharged home. Both patients continue to do well after hospital discharge without any residual VSD. Conclusions Coupling the patch exclusion technique with an Amplatzer septal occluder device for the treatment of post infarction ventricular septal defect is a novel technique with excellent short-term results, but the long-term outcomes of this approach remain unknown.
'Did I ever tell you?' On the power of shared failure.

The black cloud that hovers over newly minted attendings is the stuff of legend. After graduation from residency and fellowship, everyone warns you that the worst complications and most complex cas...