cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Self-concept disturbances: cognitive vulnerability for early drinking and early drunkenness in adolescents at high risk for alcohol problems.

Abstract We tested the hypotheses that adolescents with few positive and many negative self-schemas would drink and get drunk earlier than adolescents with many positive and few negative self-schemas. Adolescents ( N = 264) from an ongoing prospective family study of alcoholism [Zucker, R. A., Fitzgerald, H., Refior, S., Puttler, L., Pallas, D., Ellis, D. (2000). The clinical and social ecology of childhood for children of alcoholics: Description of a study and implications for a differentiated social policy. In H. Fitzgerald, B. Lester, B. Zuckerman (Eds.), Children of addiction: Research, health, and policy issues (pp. 109–141). New York, NY: Routledge Falmer] were assessed at ages 12 to 14 and again at ages 15 to 17. When considering the combined effects of the number of positive and negative self-schemas, antisociality, and parental alcoholism on drinking outcomes, the number of negative self-schemas directly predicted early drinking onset, whereas the number of positive self-schemas moderated the effects of antisociality on early drunkenness. Moreover, although self-concept properties at baseline did not differentiate level of alcohol involvement at follow-up in mid-adolescence, they did distinguish earlier from later age of onset among those who initiated, with effects tending to be somewhat stronger for boys than girls. Self-schemas appear to be an additional risk factor in the pathway to problem alcohol involvement in adolescence, above and beyond the contributions of such known risk factors as antisocial behavior and parental alcoholism.
A structural analysis of common and bizarre visual mediators

Recent evidence from the areas of both verbal and visual mediation suggests that qualitative differences exist among mediators. Subjects in this study were asked to generate and describe visual images of common or bizarre interactions for noun pairs that were then judged on the type and number of operations used to form the visual images. Bizarre imagery instructions resulted in images that were generated by the use of significantly more operations and a greater variety of operation combinations than images formed under common imagery instructions.
Outcome of congestive heart failure in elderly persons: influence of left ventricular systolic function. The Cardiovascular Health Study.

Community-dwelling elderly persons, especially those with impaired left ventricular function, have a substantial risk for death from congestive heart failure. However, more deaths occur from heart ...
A bistable hysteretic switch in an activator-repressor regulated restriction-modification system.

Restriction–modification (RM) systems are extremely widespread among bacteria and archaea, and are often specified by mobile genetic elements. In type II RM systems, where the restriction endonuclease (REase) and protective DNA methyltransferase (MTase) are separate proteins, a major regulatory challenge is delaying expression of the REase relative to the MTase after RM genes enter a new host cell. Basic understanding of this regulation is available for few RM systems, and detailed understanding for none. The PvuII RM system is one of a large subset in which the central regulatory role is played by an activator–repressor protein (called C, for controller). REase expression depends upon activation by C, whereas expression of the MTase does not. Thus delay of REase expression depends on the rate of C-protein accumulation. This is a nonlinear process, as C also activates transcription of its own gene. Mathematical modeling of the PvuII system led to the unexpected predictions of responsiveness to a factor not previously studied in RM system control—gene copy number—and of a hysteretic response. In this study, those predictions have been confirmed experimentally. The results may apply to many other C-regulated RM systems, and help explain their ability to spread so widely.
Arthroscopy of the elbow. Diagnostic and therapeutic benefits and hazards

We analyzed the results of seventy-one arthroscopies of the elbow in seventy patients who had been followed for an average of thirty-four months, in order to evaluate the risks and benefits of the procedure. Thirty-four arthroscopies were done for diagnostic purposes, fifteen were done for treatment, and twenty-two were done for both diagnosis and treatment. Overall, fifty-one (73 per cent) of the seventy patients benefited in some way. There were diagnostic benefits in thirty-six (64 per cent) of the fifty-six elbows in which diagnosis was an indication for the procedure, and there were therapeutic benefits in thirty (70 per cent) of the forty-three elbows in which treatment was intended or was performed although not planned. The procedure was of benefit in only eighteen (75 per cent) of the twenty-four elbows that had loose bodies, but it was successful in all elbows in which the loose bodies were not secondary to some other condition, including arthrosis. The procedure was also successful in all four elbows in which the loose bodies had been due to osteochondritis dissecans. In twelve (80 per cent) of the fifteen patients who had debridement (removal of flaps or loose fragments of articular cartilage) and in one of the two in whom a synovectomy had been performed, the treatment was successful. Seven (10 per cent) of the seventy patients had complications, none of which were major. Three patients (4 per cent) had a transient radial-nerve palsy after intra-articular injection of local anesthetic; four others had persistent drainage and negative cultures, but the drainage resolved with antibiotic therapy. In one of the four patients, a permanent flexion contracture of 15 degrees developed, and 10 degrees of flexion was lost.
Agent-based modeling of multicell morphogenic processes during development.

A central challenge in the field of developmental biology is to understand how mechanisms at one level of biological scale (i.e., cell-level) interact to produce higher-level (i.e., tissue-level) phenomena. This challenge is particularly relevant to the study of tissue morphogenesis, the process that generates newly formed, remodeled, or regenerated tissue structures. Morphogenesis arises from the spatially- and temporally-dynamic interactions of individual cells with each other and their local environment. Computational models have been combined with experimental efforts to accelerate the discovery processes. Agent-based modeling (ABM) is a computational technique that can be used to model collections of individual biological cells and compute their interactions, which generate emergent tissue-level results. Recently, ABM has been applied to the study of various developmental morphogenic processes, and the purpose of this review is to summarize these studies in order to demonstrate the types of advances that can be expected from pursuing a multicell ABM approach. We also highlight some challenges associated with ABM and suggest strategies for overcoming them. While ABM's application to the study of ecology, epidemiology, and social sciences has a much longer history, we suggest that the application of ABM to the study of morphogenesis has great utility, and when paired with benchtop experimentation, ABM can provide new insights and direct future experimentation. Birth Defects Research (Part C) 81:344–353, 2007. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Symplectic and energy-conserving algorithms for solving magnetic field trajectories

The exponential splitting of the classical evolution operator yields symplectic integrators if the canonical Hamiltonian is separable. Similar splitting of the noncanonical evolution operator for a charged particle in a magnetic field produces exact energy-conserving algorithms. The latter algorithms evaluate the magnetic field directly with no need of a vector potential and are more stable with far less phase errors than symplectic integrators. For a combined electric and magnetic field, these algorithms from splitting the noncanonical evolution operator are neither fully symplectic nor exactly energy conserving, yet they behave exactly like symplectic algorithms in having qualitatively correct trajectories and bounded periodic energy errors. This work shows that exponential-splitting algorithms of any order for solving particle trajectories in a general electric and magnetic field can be systematically derived by use of the angular momentum operator of quantum mechanics. The use of operator analysis in this work fully comprehends the intertwining interaction between electric and magnetic forces and makes possible the derivation of highly nontrivial integrators.
Free: Why Authors Are Giving Books Away on the Internet

With increasing frequency, authors in academic and non-academic fields are releasing their books for free digital distribution. Anecdotal evidence suggests that exposure to both authors and books increases when books are available as free downloads, and that print sales are not negatively affected. For this study we interviewed ten authors to determine their perceptions of the effect free digital distribution has on the impact and sales of their work. In addition, we examined the sales data of two books over a two year period of time, in which one book was freely available for the second year. All of the individuals we surveyed felt free digital downloads increased the distribution and impact of their book. None of the authors felt that print sales were negatively affected. Data from our book sale comparison suggest that in the case we studied, free digital distribution did not negatively affect sales.
German Public Opinion and the European Coal and Steel Community

Six Western European nations, which less than ten years earlier had been fighting on opposite sides during World War II, took a major step toward the solution of their common economic problems in 1952 when they established the European Coal and Steel Community. The attitudes of West Germans to this new economic entity and to its effects on their lives are analyzed in the following article. The author is on the staff of the National Opinion Research Center. He started this study in 1956 when he was in Germany as a Fulbright Research Scholar.
Subtraction in addition to addition: Dual task performance improves when tasks are presented to separate hemispheres

This research links neuro- and cognitive psychology by asking whether performance of two concurrent cognitive tasks is facilitated by presentation of each task to a different cerebral hemisphere. S...
Th1/Th2 in aspergillosis.

The outcome of the Th1/Th2 balance is a critical determinant of the outcome in invasive aspergillosis. The innate immune system encounters the pathogen first. Dendritic cells (DC) appear to be the critical fulcrum at the intersection of the innate immune system, and which receptors are engaged, particularly which Toll-like receptors are triggered by the pathogen, likely determines which co-stimulatory molecules are expressed during the DC maturation process, and thus which cytokine pathway will eventually dominate. Some proinflammatory cytokines initially produced by naive phagocytes may also direct dendritic cell direction. Thus DC are the main connections of the innate and adaptive immune systems. The cytokine pathway may be affected by the antigen load, whether and what type of immunosuppressive drug or immunosuppressive co-morbidity is present, the pathogen's success in converting from conidia to hyphae, the pathogen's production of toxins, and later whether appropriate antimicrobial chemotherapy is g...
Discrete computed-torque sliding-mode manipulator control: formulation and experimental validation

A sliding-mode trajectory controller for robotic manipulators is designed using manipulator dynamics and experimentally tested using a multiprocessor architecture and a PUMA 550 robot arm. Decentralized control filters are built around actuator models while global control filters are designed around manipulator dynamics. The controller is made up of a nominal component designed using a computed torque approach and a correction component based on a variable structure suction control approach. The second control component is designed using bounds on the difference between the used and actual values of model parameters. Since the continuous manipulator system is digitally controlled along a trajectory, a discretized equivalent model of the manipulator is used to develop the controller. To facilitate the implementation of the developed controller in real time, both the nominal and correction components of the nonlinear dynamics-based feedback signal are computed using the Newton-Euler equations of motion. >
Globalizing Electoral Politics: Political Competence and Distributional Bargaining in the European Union

This article analyzes electoral cycles in distributional bargaining in the European Union. The author argues that governments attempt to increase their EU membership benefits above average levels in the preelection period, hoping to appear politically competent to voters. The theory discusses when and how EU members can increase these gains before elections through negotiations in the Council of Ministers. A time-series cross-sectional analysis of EU member states’ annual budget negotiations from 1977 to 2006 supports the existence of conditional electoral cycles in distributional bargaining and generally points to the importance of accounting for such cycles when analyzing patterns of international cooperation.
Unobtrusive long-range detection of passive RFID tag motion

This paper presents a novel method for detecting the motion of passive radio-frequency-identification (RFID) tags within the field of a detecting antenna. The method allows the unobtrusive detection of human interactions with RFID-tagged objects without requiring any modifications to existing communications protocols or RFID hardware. We use the response rate (a metric in lieu of the true received RF-signal intensity) at the reader to study the impact of tag translation, rotation, and coupling, as well as environmental effects. Performance is improved by introducing the idea of multiple tags/readers. Movement-detection algorithms are developed and integrated into the RFID monitoring system, and verified by experiments that demonstrate excellent results.
Achieving Self-Management via Utility Functions

Self-management in accordance with high-level objectives that users can specify is a hallmark of autonomic computing systems. The authors advocate utility functions as a principled, practical, and general way of representing such objectives. In an effort to bring the promise of utility-based frameworks to the marketplace, they describe how they've implemented them in two commercial products so as to achieve efficient resource allocation in a prototype data center. They also address several challenges to commercialization stemming from the need to reconcile the two products' fundamentally different types of objectives
Purity in Morals

In this paper I will be concerned primarily with purity in morals. I will begin by considering an analysis of the pure person offered by Nicolai Hart mann.1 While I think there is much that is correct in his discussion, I will criticize it for focusing on naive innocence. I will then suggest some compo nents of what I refer to as "mature purity," and contrast it with Hartmann's conception. I will also consider whether mature purity involves certain sorts of attitudes and feelings, or merely conscientious action. I go on to discuss forms of impurity, and finally to discuss the relation of purity to other vir tues.
Magnetic resonance imaging of intracranial tumors: intra-patient comparison of gadoteridol and ferumoxytol

This study aims to compare gadoteridol with ferumoxytol for contrast-enhanced and perfusion-weighted (PW) MRI of intracranial tumors. The final analysis included 26 patients, who underwent 3 consecutive days of 3T MRI. Day 1 consisted of anatomical pre- and postcontrast images, and PW MRI was acquired using gadoteridol (0.1 mmol/kg). On Day 2, the same MRI sequences were obtained with ferumoxytol (510 mg) and on Day 3, the anatomical images were repeated to detect delayed ferumoxytol-induced signal changes. The T1-weighted images were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively for enhancement volume and signal intensity (SI) changes; PW data were used to estimate the relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV). All 26 lesions showed 24-hour T1-weighted ferumoxytol enhancement; 16 also had T2-weighted hypointensities. In 6 patients, ferumoxytol-induced signal changes were noted in areas with no gadoteridol enhancement. Significantly greater (P< .0001) SI changes were seen with gadoteridol, and qualitative analyses (lesion border delineation, internal morphology, contrast enhancement) also showed significant preferences (P= .0121; P = .0015; P < .0001, respectively) for this agent. There was no significant difference in lesion enhancement volumes between contrast materials. The ferumoxytol-rCBV values were significantly higher (P = .0016) compared with the gadoteridol-rCBV values. In conclusion, ferumoxytol provides important information about tumor biology that complements gadoteridol imaging. The rCBV measurements indicate areas of tumor undergoing rapid growth, whereas the 24-hour scans mark the presence of inflammatory cells. Both of these functions provide useful information about tumor response to treatment. We suggest that dynamic and anatomical imaging with ferumoxytol warrant further assessment in brain tumor therapy.
“All this Boundless Multitude:” Rereading Mikahail Bakunin for EcoJustice Education

One hundred thirty years ago or so, my great-grandfather, an employee in this country's booming logging industry, was helping to wipe out the great pines in the northern Midwest of the United State...
Language Teaching and Learning Diaries: French Conversation from Two Different Perspectives.

: A major concern within the language teaching profession is the need to narrow the divide between research and teaching. Language teaching and learning diaries are an important mechanism of altering the traditional hierarchical flow of information from the researcher to the teacher. The following study presents and compares findings from both teaching and learning diaries from French conversation courses, thus assembling and evaluating the perspectives of teacher; student, and researcher.
Folate Synthesis and Metabolism in Plants and Prospects For Biofortification

port and catabolism. We also consider possible strategies to enhance plant folate synthesis and accumulation by metabolic engineering. intake is suboptimal for most of the world’s population,
Parentification, Parental Alcoholism, and Academic Status among Young Adults.

Abstract This study examined 360 young adults in terms of their perceptions of having assumed a parentified role in their family of origin as a function of academic status and classification as children of alcoholics or nonalcoholics. Low academic status participants reported having experienced greater caretaking responsibilities and worries in their families than those admitted into a regular academic undergraduate program. Respondents who had an alcoholic parent scored higher on the parentification measure than those who were children of problem drinkers and children of nonalcoholics.
STRUCTURE, TAXONOMY, AND EPIFAUNA OF PENNSYLVANIAN ROSTROCONCHS (MOLLUSCA)

Abstract Reinterpretations are made of North American Pennsylvanian rostroconchs based on shell form, shell structure, and surface ornamentation. The new family Pseudobigaleaidae, new genera Baiosoma, Hadropipetta, Exalloschema, Oxyprora, and Apotocardium are erected, and the new species Arceodomus angustus and Apotocardium plautum are recognized. Study of growth increments on Apotocardium lanterna (Branson) indicate annual and monthly growth rates and life span. Thin sections studied provide insights into shell layer structure and thickness and variation in shell form. Characteristics of the protoconch and its relationship to body shell layers are illustrated. Epifaunal elements consisting of worm tubes, inarticulate brachiopods, acrothoracic barnacles, bryozoans, corals, and algae are present, some suggest attachment to the host rostroconch in life position.
Identifying Characteristics of Technology and Engineering Teachers Striving for Excellence Using a Modified Delphi.

Teaching excellence is an expectation for teachers oft expressed by policy makers, parents, taxpayers, professional organizations, and students. Preparing a technology and engineering (TE) teacher who strives for teaching excellence is a fundamental mission of TE teacher education programs in the United States. However, a recent focus upon engineering design concepts within the TE curriculum (Gattie & Wicklein, 2007) and urgent calls to align, coordinate, or integrate TE curriculum in K-12 schools within science and mathematics education (Presidents’ Council of Advisors on Science and Technology, PCAST, 2010) compels teacher education programs to reevaluate their curricular programs.
Femtosecond pulse delivery through optical fibers with adaptive pulse shaping

Adaptive control is used to defeat nonlinear effects that severely distort ultrafast pulses during propagation through optical fibers.
A requiem for hybridity? The problem with Frankensteins, purées, and mules:

Hybridity as an interpretive construct in the archaeology of colonialism has encountered many pitfalls, due largely to the way it has been set adrift from clear theoretical anchors and has been applied inconsistently to things, practices, processes, and even people. One of the telltale signs of its problematic nature is the ease with which archaeologists claim to identify the origin and existence of hybridity but the difficulty faced if asked when and how such hybridity actually ends, if it does. In that context, this paper offers a potential requiem for hybridity. If we need not go that far, archaeologists at least need to rein in the “Frankenstein” version of hybridity that permeates archaeology and occludes its variable and problematic origins, acknowledge the dangers of accentuating or even celebrating “purees,” and beware of the creation of cultural “mules” in analytical classifications and interpretations.
The accumulation of chlorides in the leaf tissue fluids of Egyptian cotton with the march of the season.

Among the physiological problems presented by the phenomenon of the differential absorption and tolerance in solution of chlorides and sulphates by the Egyptian and Upland types of cotton1 is that of the change in the concentration of these anions with the march of the season. This problem is in reality twofold: (a) change in the concentration in one and the same organ with its development and senescence, and (b) the possible change in the concentrations found in the (leaf) tissues at as nearly as possible comparable stages of maturity at earlier and later periods in the development of the organism as a whole. The present discussion is limited to the latter phase.The more mature cotton plant does not lend itself readily to controlled laboratory experimentation. For this and other reasons a statistical method of attack seems desirable. The problem presents some difficulties, since concentrations based on unit volumes of tissue fluid may obviously be influenced by (a) errors of judgment or the errors of ran...
61 THE LOSS OF LIMK1 PROTECTS ENDOTHELIAL BARRIER FUNCTION.

Introduction Acute lung injury (ALI) is a syndrome of acute respiratory failure that results from acute pulmonary edema and inflammation. The development of ALI is associated with direct pulmonary injury from pneumonia and aspiration as well as indirect pulmonary injury from trauma and sepsis. LIMK1 is a serine/threonine kinase that is involved in cytoskeleton dynamics. Methods The role of LIMK1 in the regulation of endothelial permeability was evaluated using in vivo lung perfusion studies, transendothelial resistance of cell culture measurements, Western blotting, and electron and confocal microscopy. Results As enhanced pulmonary vascular permeability is a hallmark of acute lung injury, we examined the lung microcirculation in LIMK1 knockout mice. We found that endothelial permeability in the lungs of LIMK1 -/- mice was lower than that of wild-type mice. Notably, the endothelial permeability of the lungs of LIMK1 -/- mice after PAR1 peptide perfusion was significantly lower than that of wild type. Down-regulation of endogenous LIMK1 with siRNA in HUVECs resulted in increased transendothelial resistance. The overexpression of w.t. LIMK1 in HUVECs led to the decreased transendothelial resistance and opening of tight junctions as was revealed by confocal microscopy with the staining for ZO-1 and VE-cadherin. To study endotoxin-induced acute lung injury, anesthetized mice received LPS (ip) and the wet to dry ratio of the lungs of wild-type mice was compared to that of LIMK1 -/- mice. We found a decreased edema formation in LIMK1 -/- mice upon LPS treatment. Conclusions We suggest that the loss of LIMK1 protein leads to less permeable pulmonary blood vessels. These results favor the possibility that the inhibition of LIMK1 function may attenuate acute lung injury. This study was supported by NIH grants GM56159 and GM65160 and an American Heart Association (AHA) grant to T.V.Y. and an AHA predoctoral fellowship 0510133Z to M.G.
Dynamic Error Analysis of CMM Based on Solidworks Simulation

Dynamic error comes from the loaded beam deformation which results from the effect of the added inertial force and its own gravity,when the high speed is adopted for the coordinate measuring machines(CMM).The dynamic error of the CMM was analyzed theoretically.The motion states of sliding bracket were acceleration,constant velocity and deceleration along y axis when z axis was kept in rest state.Dynamic error compensation models under different states were deduced by analyzing the deformation of moving bridge using Solidworks Simulation tool.The simulation results show that the dynamic errors under different states are decreased,which provides basis of improving the measurement precision of the CMM.
In-vehicle group activity modeling and simulation in sensor-based virtual environment

Human group activity recognition is a very complex and challenging task, especially for Partially Observable Group Activities (POGA) that occur in confined spaces with limited visual observability and often under severe occultation. In this paper, we present IRIS Virtual Environment Simulation Model (VESM) for the modeling and simulation of dynamic POGA. More specifically, we address sensor-based modeling and simulation of a specific category of POGA, called In-Vehicle Group Activities (IVGA). In VESM, human-alike animated characters, called humanoids, are employed to simulate complex in-vehicle group activities within the confined space of a modeled vehicle. Each articulated humanoid is kinematically modeled with comparable physical attributes and appearances that are linkable to its human counterpart. Each humanoid exhibits harmonious full-body motion - simulating human-like gestures and postures, facial impressions, and hands motions for coordinated dexterity. VESM facilitates the creation of interactive scenarios consisting of multiple humanoids with different personalities and intentions, which are capable of performing complicated human activities within the confined space inside a typical vehicle. In this paper, we demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of VESM in terms of its capabilities to seamlessly generate time-synchronized, multi-source, and correlated imagery datasets of IVGA, which are useful for the training and testing of multi-source full-motion video processing and annotation. Furthermore, we demonstrate full-motion video processing of such simulated scenarios under different operational contextual constraints.
Intestinal serotonin acts as paracrine substance to mediate pancreatic secretion stimulated by luminal factors.

We recently demonstrated that luminal factors such as osmolality, disaccharides, and mechanical stimulation evoke pancreatic secretion by activating 5-hydroxytryptamine subtype 3 (serotonin-3, 5-HT...
Crystal structure and partial Ising-like magnetic ordering of orthorhombic Dy2TiO5

The structure and magnetic properties of orthorhombic $\mathrm{D}{\mathrm{y}}_{2}\mathrm{Ti}{\mathrm{O}}_{5}$ have been investigated using x-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, and alternating current (ac)/direct current (dc) magnetic susceptibility measurements. We report a continuous structural distortion below 100 K characterized by negative thermal expansion in the [0 1 0] direction. Neutron diffraction and magnetic susceptibility measurements revealed that two-dimensional (2D) magnetic ordering begins at 3.1 K, which is followed by a three-dimensional magnetic transition at 1.7 K. The magnetic structure has been solved through a representational analysis approach and can be indexed with the propagation vector $k=[01/20]$. The spin structure corresponds to a coplanar model of interwoven 2D ``sheets'' extending in the [0 1 0] direction. The local crystal field is different for each $\mathrm{D}{\mathrm{y}}^{3+}$ ion (Dy1 and Dy2), one of which possesses strong uniaxial symmetry indicative of Ising-like magnetic ordering. Consequently, two succeeding transitions under magnetic field are observed in the ac susceptibility, which are associated with flipping each $\mathrm{D}{\mathrm{y}}^{3+}$ spin independently.
A Framework for Implementing Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experiences (CUREs) in Freshman Biology Labs

There have been many calls to make research experiences available to more undergraduate students. One way to do this is to provide course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs), but providing these on a scale large enough to accommodate many students can be a daunting undertaking. Indeed, other researchers have identified time to develop materials and course size as significant barriers to widespread implementation of CUREs. Based on our own experiences implementing CUREs at a large research university, we present a flexible framework that we have adapted to multiple research projects, share class materials and rubrics we have developed, and suggest logistical strategies to lower these implementation barriers.
The Process of Economic Development

(2000). The Process of Economic Development. Journal of Economic Issues: Vol. 34, No. 1, pp. 235-238.
Viscosities of lead silicate slags

The viscosities of industrial lead slags of varying compositions were measured as a function of temperature using a Brookfield viscometer. Based on the experimental data obtained from this study and based on other investigations reported in the literature, an expression was developed to correlate the viscosities of industrial lead silicate slags as a function of composition and temperature. The effect of each individual slag component on the variation of the slag viscosity is identified. The composition dependency of lead silicate slag viscosity is discussed. The calculated results using this viscosity expression are in good agreement with the measured data.
Counselors’ Perceived Preparedness for Technology-Mediated Distance Counseling: A Phenomenological Examination

COUNSELORS’ PERCEIVED PREPAREDNESS FOR TECHNOLOGY-MEDIATED DISTANCE COUNSELING: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL EXAMINATION Daniel C. Holland Old Dominion University, 2016 Dissertation Chair: Dr. Jeffry L. Moe This phenomenological study examined counselors’ perceptions of their formal preparation for engaging in technology-mediated distance counseling with the intent of gaining an understanding of their lived experiences. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven seasoned counselors who regularly engage in technology-mediated distance counseling. The results highlighted two categories emerging: the counselor and training/education. Themes related to motivation and counselor attributes emerged from the first category and themes of availability, inadequacy, and modality emerged from the second. The implications from this study suggest a lack of availability of effective training on technology-mediated distance counseling. The implications also suggest areas of potential future research and program development for graduate programs.
Why do patellofemoral arthroplasties fail today? A systematic review

Abstract Background Historically poor results of patellofemoral arthroplasty (PFA) were reported in the setting of isolated patellofemoral osteoarthritis (OA). In order to lower PFA failure rates, it is important to identify failure modes using a standardized method. In this systematic review, PFA failure modes were assessed and compared in early vs. late failures and older vs. recent studies. Methods Databases of PubMed, Embase and Cochrane and annual registries were searched for studies reporting PFA failures. Failure modes in studies with mean follow-up 5years were classified late failures. Cohorts started before 2000 were classified as older studies and started after 2000 as recent studies. Results Thirty-nine cohort studies (10 level II and 29 level III or IV studies) and three registries were included with overall low quality of studies (GRADE criteria). A total of 938 PFA failures were included and were caused by OA progression (38%), pain (16%), aseptic loosening (14%) and patellar maltracking (10%). Pain was responsible for most early failures (31%), while OA progression was most common in late failures (46%). In older studies, OA progression was more commonly reported as failure mode than in more recent studies (53% vs. 39%, p =0.005). Conclusion This level IV systematic review with low quality of studies identified OA progression and pain as major failure modes. Reviewing these studies, appropriate patient selection could prevent PFA failures in select cases. Future studies assessing the role of PFA in isolated patellofemoral OA are necessary.
The impact of work-life balance on intention to stay in academia: Results from a national survey of pharmacy faculty.

Abstract Purpose Border-Crossing theory suggests work-life balance and career satisfaction are inter-related and disappointment in work-life balance may predict changes in one's career path. Application of this theory to health profession faculty is plausible but has not been fully explored. The purpose of this study is to examine factors related to reported career change intention among United States pharmacy school faculty and to determine if Border-Crossing theory fits these observations. Methods Results from a national web-based survey administered via Qualtrics® to American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP) members were utilized. Bivariate analyses were conducted to compare differences among faculty stating an intention to stay or leave academia. A logistic multivariate model was used to determine if work-life balance remains significant when controlling for other variables and if survey results support the Border-Crossing theory. Results Nearly all (seven hundred of 811 responders, or 86.3%) stated a desire to stay in academia. Faculty with higher work-life balance were more likely to report an intent to remain in academia. Male, older, full-professor and non-pharmacy practice faculty (social or administrative science, pharmacology, medicinal chemistry and others) were more likely to state an intention to remain in academia relative to their counterparts. Lower stress, as measured by the validated Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) scores, was seen among faculty stating a desire to remain in academia. Work-life balance remained significantly inversely related to career change intention after controlling for all other factors. Conclusion A significant factor related to pharmacy faculty's stated intention to remain in academia was work-life balance. Other factors such as gender, age, rank, stress level and department may also play a role. These results support the application of the Border-Crossing theory in health profession faculty and may provide pharmacy school administrators and stakeholders with insight to foster faculty retention and decrease faculty turnover.
Effect of periodic limb movements on plasma nitric oxide levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea

Introduction Periodic limb movements (PLMs) have been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). PLMs cause sympathetic activation, which impacts vascular tone and endothelial function leading to the development of CVD. Nitric oxide (NO) plays a key role in the regulation of vascular tone and disturbances in NO levels have been implicated in development of CVD. This study was designed to measure changes in NO levels in OSA patients with excessive PLMs, with a long-term goal of gaining insights into CVD. Methods 25 patients with no prior diagnosis of OSA, naive to CPAP, ages 25-75 years, BMI > 30 kg/m 2 were recruited. All patients underwent PSG. 17 patients had OSA, based on the Apnea-hypopnea index. Subjects were divided into group 1 with PLMI 20 per hour. Venous blood was collected from all subjects pre- and post- diagnostic PSG. NO levels were assayed. Results There were 12 patients in group 1 (mean PLMI of 1.5±2.8) and 5 patients in group 2 (mean PLMI 46.2±18.5). Group 1 had more severe OSA compared to group 2 (mean AHI 62.4±40.9 vs. 21.9±10.5), p-value 0.049. Results were analyzed with paired-samples t-test. Mean NO level in all patients pre PSG was 30.0±14.4 and post PSG was 26.5±14.2 (p=0.04). In group 1, mean NO levels, pre and post PSG were 24.3±7.1 and 20.9±7.6 (p=0.016). In group 2, mean NO levels pre and post PSG were 43.7±19 and 39.9±18.1 (p=0.49). Conclusions OSA likely contributes to reduction in NO levels, but this effect is not evident in OSA patients with excessive PLMs, suggesting different CVD mechanisms.
Algorithmic Enhancements to Big Data Computing Frameworks for Medical Image Processing

Large-scale medical imaging studies to date have predominantly leveraged in-house, laboratory-based or traditional grid computing resources for their computing needs, where the applications often use hierarchical data structures (e.g., NFS file stores) or databases (e.g., COINS, XNAT) for storage and retrieval. The resulting performance for laboratory-base approaches reveal that performance is impeded by standard network switches since they can saturate network bandwidth during transfer from storage to processing nodes for even moderate-sized studies. On the other hand, the grid may be costly to use due to the dedicated resources used to execute the tasks and lack of elasticity. With increasing availability of cloud-based Big Data frameworks, such as Apache Hadoop, cloud-based services for executing medical imaging studies have shown promise. Despite this promise, our preliminary studies have revealed that existing Big Data frameworks illustrate different performance limitations for medical imaging applications, which calls for new algorithms that optimize their performance and suitability for medical imaging. For instance, Apache HBase's load distribution strategy of region split and merge is detrimental to the hierarchical organization of imaging data (e.g., project, subject, session, scan, slice). To address these challenges, this doctoral research is developing a range of performance optimization algorithms. This paper describes preliminary research we have conducted in this realm and presents a list of research tasks that will be undertaken as part of this doctoral research.
Endoscopic Drainage of >50% of Liver in Malignant Hilar Biliary Obstruction Using Metallic or Fenestrated Plastic Stents.

Endoscopic Drainage of >50% of Liver in Malignant Hilar Biliary Obstruction Using Metallic or Fenestrated Plastic Stents
That Geek Look: Beauty and the Female Geek Body

The image of a geek often calls attention to an individual’s body, associating it with certain physical and aesthetic characteristics, such as a non-athletic body type and glasses. Oftentimes, geek characters are also largely identifiable as male, with female geek characters typically portrayed within the context of their male counterparts. Female geeks are further distinguishable by the depictions of their bodies. Unlike male geeks, who are able to transcend their physical appearance, female geeks in such popular television series as The Big Bang Theory, Criminal Minds, and Doctor Who, which this chapter focuses on, remain largely enshrined in the portrayal of their bodies, resulting in characters illustrative of cultural beauty standards that constrict women’s identities as supplementary to the development of the male characters.
The Housing of Hurt: The Optic of Tight Space in Jazz

The previous chapter revealed Morrison’s commitment to dismantling the relationship between charisma and masculine authority as they combined in her southern male characters. Macon Dead, Guitar Bains, Son Green, and Cholly Breedlove fail to understand the importance of beginning “at zero” and in so doing remain trapped in the assumptions that confine them to the tight space that constricts movement of any sort, physical or conceptual.
The effect of the interplay between corporate governance and external monitoring regimes on firms' tax avoidance

Abstract This study investigates how the interplay between internal corporate governance and the changes in the tax and corporate governance environment in the U.S. during the early 2000s affected firms' tax avoidance levels. Analyses use a panel of U.S. firms for the period 1997–2005 and permanent book-tax difference and cash effective tax rates as proxies for tax avoidance. Results suggest that, relative to other firms, firms with weak-governance during the low-regulation period (years 1997–2000) exhibited lower tax-avoidance levels during the high-regulation period (years 2003–2005) in response to the tighter external monitoring regime. The study adds to the corporate tax avoidance literature by providing evidence regarding the importance of considering external monitoring regimes in the study of the relationship between corporate governance and tax avoidance.
English in the key of Babel: Feeling, affecting, and performing language

ABSTRACTWhat is at stake for multilingual subjects when English becomes a site of conflicting emotions about being in/with the world? What does it mean to understand, negotiate with, and perform the meaning of English as a global curriculum, a lingua franca, a “thing” of the senses, and a desire awakened by narratives feeding into and being fed by discourses of power, appropriateness, globalization, and cosmopolitanism? In this performative auto/ethnography, I enact twenty years of data collected and organized in the feeling, teaching, studying, and experiencing of English through transnational encounters in classrooms, workplaces, immigration centers, and on the streets of the so-called “developed” and “underdeveloped” nations.
Hepatitis C Virus Treatment in HIV

Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), HIV has been successfully converted into a chronic condition. In place of traditional opportunistic infections, Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)–related liver disease has emerged as a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV infected persons [1]. HIV–HCV coinfected patients have an accelerated rate of fibrosis, developing cirrhosis more rapidly than those with HCV alone [2]. Among those with HCVrelated decompensated liver disease, HIV coinfection also increases liver–related mortality [3]. Efforts to treat HCV are, therefore, warranted to forestall these complications.
Developmental phases and STM expression during Arabidopsis shoot organogenesis

Shoot organogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana wasstudied with regard to the timing of key developmental phases and expression ofthe SHOOTMERISTEMLESS (STM) gene.Shoot regeneration in the highly organogenic ecotype C24 was affected byexplanttype and age. The percentage of C24 cotyledon explants producing shootsdecreased from 90% to 26% when donor seedlings were more than 6 dold, but 96% of root explants produced shoots regardless of the age of thedonorplant. Using explant transfer experiments, it was shown that C24 cotyledonexplants required about 2 days to become competent and another 8-10 days tobecome determined for shoot organogenesis. A C24 line containing the promoterofthe SHOOTMERISTEMLESS (STM) genelinked to the β-glucuronidase(GUS) gene was used as a tool for determining the timingofde novo shoot apical meristem (SAM) development incotyledon and root explants. Cotyledon and root explants from anSTM:GUS transgenic C24 line were placed on shoot inductionmedium and GUS expression was examined after 6-16 days ofculture. GUS expression could be found in localizedregionsof callus cells on root and cotyledon explants after 12 days indicating thatthese groups of cells were expressing the STM gene, hadreached the key time point of determination, and were producing an organizedSAM. This was consistent with the timing of determination as indicated byexplant transfer experiments. Root explants from anSTM:GUStransgenic Landsberg erecta line and a two-step tissue culture method revealedasimilar pattern of localized GUS expression duringde novo shoot organogenesis. This is the first studydocumenting the timing and pattern of expression of theSTMgene during de novo shoot organogenesis.
Objective Pupillometry as an Adjunct to Prediction and Assessment for Oculomotor Nerve Injury and Recovery: Potential for Practical Applications

Background Pupillary light reflex examinations are intrinsic to any good neurological examination. Consistent evidence has shown that automated pupillometry assessments provide superior accuracy and interrater correlation compared with bedside eye examinations. Pupillary indexes such as the neurological pupil index (NPI) can also provide several hours of warning before the advent of herniation syndromes or third nerve palsy. Methods We determined the unique temporal relationship between NPI changes and third nerve palsy occurrence and recovery in an initially neurologically intact hospitalized patient. A 53-year-old woman presented with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and headaches. Her aneurysm was treated surgically without complications. After lumbar drainage for hydrocephalus, she developed isolated left third nerve palsy that slowly recovered over the following weeks. Pupilometer data were obtained throughout her hospital stay. Results A total of 121 pupillary measurement sets were obtained. The NPI had decreased to an abnormal level ( Conclusion The NPI seems to reliably correlate with third nerve function and appears to possess predictive temporal properties that could allow practitioners to anticipate neurological injury and recovery. These findings could affect the fields of neurosciences, trauma, military medicine, critical care, and ophthalmology.