cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Risk Assessment of Gene Flow Associated with the Release of Virus-Resistant Transgenic Crop Plants

An important environmental concern associated with the large scale cultivation of virus-resistant transgenic crop plants relates to the possible transfer of virus-derived transgenes into wild relatives through pollen flow. We addressed this issue by using two squash (Cucurbita pepo ssp. ovifera) species: The transgenic line CZW-3 (G pepo var. ovifera) containing the coat protein (CP) genes of cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (CMV), zucchini yellow mosaic potyvirus (ZYMV), and watermelon mosaic virus 2 potyvirus (WMV 2) and its wild relative C pepo var. texana. Viral transgene flow was evaluated in the field by studying the successive rate of introgression of the three CP genes from Fl hybrids (= G texana x CZW-3) and their backcrossed progeny (BC 1 = G texana x Fl hybrids) into G texana squash populations. Field plots were maintained under low or high disease pressure by deliberately introducing CMV, ZYMV, and WMV 2 in the latter plots. Introgression occurred under low but not high disease pressure. To assess fitness, test plants (G texana, CZW-3, Fl hybrids and BC 1 progeny) were evaluated for virus resistance, number of fruits produced, and number of viable seeds. Under high disease pressure, all G texana plants became severely infected and produced less than one fruit per plant and no viable seeds. Hybrids of G texana that contained the CP genes, on the other hand, exhibited virus resistance and produced a fair number of fruits with viable seeds. The implications of these data will be discussed.
Updated Maturity Estimates for Flatfishes (Pleuronectidae) in the Eastern Bering Sea, with Implications for Fisheries Management

AbstractFemale Yellowfin Sole Limanda aspera, Alaska Plaice Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus, and Flathead Sole Hippoglossoides elassodon were collected from the eastern Bering Sea during known prespawning, spawning, and postspawning periods in 2012 and 2013, and their ovaries and otoliths were sampled for use in histological analysis to update historical maturity estimates. For fisheries management, new information on maturity at age can lead to possible changes in estimated reproduction potential (measured as female spawning stock biomass [SSB]) and values of fishing mortality reference points. Our analysis indicated that Yellowfin Sole currently mature at an age similar to that estimated in a study conducted 20 years ago. An evaluation of impacts on the stock assessment indicated that updated estimates of Yellowfin Sole SSB were over 7% higher, but the reference points only changed slightly. The first histologically derived maturity estimates for Alaska Plaice were close to the anatomically derived esti...
Syphilis screening in primary care.

BACKGROUND Reported cases of early syphilis have increased dramatically since 1987. Screening high-risk patients has been advocated as an intervention strategy to control the syphilis epidemic. METHODS This study determined the prevalence of previously unrecognized positive syphilis serologies among patients at an urgent care center. Two hundred sixty-five patients treated empirically for gonorrhea were screened. RESULTS Two patients had positive serology; both were previously treated for syphilis and had no evidence of recurrent infection. The yield from screening the study population was 0. CONCLUSIONS Serologic diagnosis of syphilis is not reliable or cost effective in groups with a very low prevalence of disease. Routine screening for syphilis in asymptomatic high-risk patients may not be indicated in all primary care settings.
Image Transport Quality? No Problem

The process of creating quality digital motion images requires movingthe images around. The digital aspect directly implies nonphysical media such as broadband wired or wireless networks as a transport option. The definition of quality image delivery is that the digital bits sent are identical to the bits received. Live' digital streaming images played or stored sequentially that cannot be resent in the event of an error have a different set of requirements than content comprised of image files. Quality transport of content files is achieved with reliable file transfer protocols, a number of which address different networks and environments. Terrestrial networks allow for standard IP transport protocols; satellite and wireless networks require different types. This paper will show how transport networks can reliably and safely deliver quality digital images everywhere, at a price.
Phylogeny and Behavior in Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Methods for distinguishing phylogenetic signal from noise are employed to resolve conflicting phylogenies produced by 3 separate morphological and molecular data sets for the 6 species of the honey bee genus Apis . Morphological data from larvae are employed for the 1st time. The results support the phylogeny produced by separate analyses of the morphological and mitochondrial 16s ribosomal DNA (rDNA) data sets, and contradict the result produced by the mitochondrial COII data set. Additionally, these results support previous conclusions that 16s rDNA sequence data are more informative for species-level rather than tribal-level relationships in the corbiculate bees. Resolution of Apis phylogeny permits for the 1st time unambiguous reconstruction of the ancestral states for several important behavioral characters in honey bee evolution.
The Effect of Environment on Sexual Reproduction of Gibberella Zeae

Optimal temperatures for perithecial production and ascospore discharge in Gibberella zeae differed significanly. Numbers of perithecia increased with increasing temperature to ca. 29 C, and decrea...
Potential pitfalls of basing specific antibiotic therapy on rapid susceptibility reporting.

The recent article by Geiger and Brown[1][1] regarding rapid susceptibility merits comment. In the real world of clinical medicine, physicians often respond to positive culture results, which do not necessarily represent infection, with antibiotic therapy. They do so without assessing the clinical
Biodegradation and Cometabolic Modeling of Selected Beta Blockers during Ammonia Oxidation

Accurate prediction of pharmaceutical concentrations in wastewater effluents requires that the specific biochemical processes responsible for pharmaceutical biodegradation be elucidated and integra...
Social Correlates of Transcendental Experiences

This paper focuses on what can variously be called the ecstatic, transcendental, or mystical experience. It is our contention that study of such experiences allows us to focus on that feeling state which differentiates religion from all other social institutions. We suggest that the unique significance of religion in society is not its role as a certain kind of professional career, social action movement, or economic political establishment. In addition, we state that the type of feeling states which are characteristic of religion can also be found in other, more secular, aesthetic environments. To the extent that this is true, religion is more similar to art than it is to politics. In this particular study we found that persons do have ecstatic-transcendental experiences, that they occur both within the religious environment and within more secular environments, and that the differences between the resultant experiences are less qualitative in nature than they are a product of the environment in which they occur. Thus, aesthetic experiences are described and utilized using secular referents, while religious experiences are described and utilized using formal religious referents. At the same time, there is some evidence that the very existence of the ecstatic-transcendental experience even if it is in a secular environment demands the construction of some social institution for its protection. Such a re-institutionalization can be seen in the drug user's attempt to surround himself with ritual.
"Selling smarter, not harder": Life course effects on drug sellers' risk perceptions and management.

Abstract Background Policies undergirding the American War on Drugs assume that drug offenders respond rationally to adjustments in sanction certainty and severity. Previous studies find that instead of absolute deterrence, or the termination of criminal activity, drug offenders employ restrictive deterrence, or a variety of risk management strategies. Extant research and current drug policy both fail to examine the interaction of risk perception, management techniques, and life course events or circumstances. Methods This dynamic examination of apprehension avoidance strategies relies on in-depth interviews mapping out the careers of 20 drug sellers in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It examines their risk perceptions and risk management strategies and techniques, exploring rationales for shifts in offending behavior. Results Respondents were highly risk-averse but used a narrow definition of sanctions relevant to shaping future offending behavior, typically making small adjustments in sales techniques. Rationales for these shifts included sanctions, personal preference, and life course events or circumstances. Only one attributed lasting desistance from offending to a sanction, although life course events such as parenthood and employment were associated with short-term and planned desistance. Conclusions The limited relevance of sanctions to offenders' thinking about risk avoidance contextualizes the widespread failure of policies designed to deter drug sales. Findings support a growing conclusion that severity of punishment is a less powerful deterrent than certainty and that adjustments in certainty after arrest are offense-specific. The relationship of life course events – especially employment – to desistance and resumed offending suggest that social policies may be more effective than criminal justice sanctions in reducing drug offending.
Explicit State Space and Markov Chain Generation Using Decision Diagrams

Various forms of decision diagrams have been successfully used for quite some time to generate the state space and Markov chain from models expressed in some high-level formalism. A variety of efficient, “symbolic” algorithms, which manipulate sets of states instead of individual states, are known for this purpose. However, there are cases where explicit generation algorithms are still used. This paper seeks to efficiently use decision diagrams as replacement data structures within an existing explicit generation implementation. The necessary decision diagram algorithms are presented, and small changes to the explicit generation algorithm are suggested to improve the overall generation process. The efficiency of the new algorithms is illustrated using several models.
Trophic Interactions and Consumption Rates of Subyearling Chinook Salmon and Nonnative Juvenile American Shad in Columbia River Reservoirs

AbstractWe used a large lampara seine coupled with nonlethal gastric lavage to examine the diets and estimate consumption rates of subyearling Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha during July and August 2013. During August we also examined the diet and consumption rates of juvenile American Shad Alosa sapidissima, a potential competitor of subyearling Chinook Salmon. Subyearling Chinook Salmon consumed Daphnia in July but switched to feeding on smaller juvenile American Shad in August. We captured no juvenile American Shad in July, but in August juvenile American Shad consumed cyclopoid and calanoid copepods. Stomach evacuation rates for subyearling Chinook Salmon were high during both sample periods (0.58 h−1 in July, 0.51 h−1 in August), and daily ration estimates were slightly higher than values reported in the literature for other subyearlings. By switching from planktivory to piscivory, subyearling Chinook Salmon gained greater growth opportunity. While past studies have shown that juvenile Americ...
Excited states of nitrogen base-pairs and polynucleotides

Les proprietes optiques et photochimiques des paires de bases azotees heterocycliques et des polynucleotides sont interpretees a l’aide de trois differentes methodes de spectroscopie electronique moleculaire. On etudie :1)Le role des transitions optiques n → π* dans les polynucleotides.2)Le dedoublement de l’energie par exciton dans des bases heterocycliques liees par des liaisons hydrogene.3)Les transferts d’energie et l’hypochromisme des polynucleotides.On montre que la polarisation des transitions n → π* en dehors du plan moleculaire permet de resoudre la bande d’absorption complexe des heterocycles azotes qu’on observe en utilisant la lumiere polarisee. Le modele de l’exciton moleculaire permet une interpretation des changements et des dedoublements spectraux dans les fortes transitions optiques des paires de bases azotees heterocycliques. Des interactions d’excitons dans les polymeres helicoidaux a double helice produisent deux bandes d’excitons quasi continues d’un niveau energetique donne pour chaque etat excite du monomere. On donne une interpretation du phenomene d’hypochromisme, base sur l’interaction due aux forces de dispersion.
The Kairos Preservation Project

Abstract In this article we introduce the Kairos Preservation Project, a case study in which the preservation of early Kairos articles provided a means for teaching and learning scholarly hypertext production. Drawing on work in rhetoric and composition and the digital humanities, we offer the concept of a preservation pedagogy—a collaborative model for introducing new authors to digital scholarly production via the preservation of 1990s-era scholarly hypertexts. We provide three implications of a preservation pedagogy: 1) That digital preservation work has value as a pedagogical tool within rhetoric and composition, 2) That a preservation pedagogy offers an inclusive approach to producing sustainable and accessible digital scholarship, and 3) That a preservation pedagogy might offer a model for the labor and reward structures required for digital preservation efforts in the field.
Situational awareness in an electric utility's control center of its generators' damping capabilities

Poorly damped low frequency oscillations in power systems have led to system blackouts in the past. Power system stabilizers (PSSs) are installed to improve synchronous generator's oscillation damping capabilities. PSS parameter tuning by various traditional and new optimization methods are studied to ensure stable and secure operation of interconnected power systems with uncertainties. It is imperative to evaluate the tuned PSSs with the different methods to ensure continued security of a power system during operation. There is a lack of such situational awareness at electric utility control centers to assist system operators with the knowledge of synchronous generator's oscillation damping capabilities. Since the human brain responses to images and colors faster compared to text and numbers, it is desirable to develop advanced visualizations and avail them to system operators. These visualizations could utilize real-time data from phasor measurement units. This paper presents the development of a new tool for use in control centers for modal analysis visualization (MAV). Modal analysis is performed on oscillations exhibited by generators in a power system. The MAV enhances situational awareness at control centers by providing near real-time insight into generators' oscillation damping capabilities.
Photodissociation of Manganese Oxide Cluster Cations

Manganese oxide cluster cations are produced by laser vaporization in a pulsed nozzle source and detected with time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The mass spectrum contains intense peaks for stoichiometries corresponding to (MnO)n+. Multiphoton photodissociation of these clusters yields smaller ions with the same stoichiometric ratio, either by sequential elimination of MnO units or by various fission processes with roughly equal efficiencies. Fragmentation of clusters containing excess oxygen also yields (MnO)n+ fragments. These apparently stable fragments are investigated further using density functional theory to determine their likely structures. The lowest energy structure for Mn2O2+ is found to be a planar ring, and those for Mn4O4+ and Mn6O6+ are cuboids. Mn3O3+ is predicted to have a six-membered ring structure and Mn5O5+ has a fused cube/ring configuration similar to the structure of the oxygen evolving center of Photosystem II. Open-shell, high-spin configurations on individual manganese atoms co...
Fear of failure and fear of success

Verbal leads were used to elicit TAT responses from 160 male and female high school seniors, under neutral and aroused conditions. These protocols were scored for fear of success (FOS) according to the 1973 revised scoring system developed by Horner, Tresemer, Berens, and Watson (Note 1) and also scored for fear of failure (FOF) according to the Hostile Press Scoring System developed by Birney, Burdick, and Teevan (1969). Significant positive correlations between the two motive scores were obtained under both neutral and aroused conditions. The lack of independence between the FOS and FOF scores reflects theoretical similarities in the definitions of the motives, as well as considerable overlap in the scoring systems. It was hypothesized that for those people (especially women) whose affiliative and achievement needs are interrelated, FOF and FOS may be nearly equivalent, since fear of social rejection thus becomes tantamount to fear of failure.
Evaluation of Cognitive Functioning in Children with Neuromuscular and Related Physical Disabilities

I am going to concentrate today on dynamic, process aspects of evaluation of cognitive functioning in children with neuromuscular and related physical disabilities. I also will talk more about development of cognitive functioning and the data base for assessment than about assessment procedures. Such an approach seems the most productive for estimating potential as well as for understanding strengths and weaknesses. It also recognizes limitations of standardized testing for children with these disabilities.
Some Aspects of Legal Reasoning Concerning Constitutionally Protected Rights

In this paper, I shall outline a conception of constitutionally protected rights in a democratic legal system and of legal reasoning about such rights. Though space does not permit full supporting argumentation, I shall indicate how this view can be constructed from aspects of the treatment of freedom of speech by the courts of the U.S. in applying the First Amendment of the Constitution of the U.S.
Everything You Wish to Know About Memristors But Are Afraid to Ask

This paper classifies all memristors into three classes called Ideal, Generic, or Extended memristors. A subclass of Generic memristors is related to Ideal memristors via a one-to-one mathematical transformation, and is hence called Ideal Generic memristors. The concept of non-volatile memories is defined and clarified with illustrations. Several fundamental new concepts, including Continuum-memory memristor, POP (acronym for Power-Off Plot), DC V-I Plot, and Quasi DC V-I Plot, are rigorously defined and clarified with colorful illustrations. Among many colorful pictures the shoelace DC V-I Plot stands out as both stunning and illustrative. Even more impressive is that this bizarre shoelace plot has an exact analytical representation via 2 explicit functions of the state variable, derived by a novel parametric approach invented by the author.
Magnetostrictive-Based Quartz MEMS RF Sensors

AT-cut shear-mode UHF quartz MEMS resonators have been found to be highly sensitive to magnetic signals when magnetostrictive films are deposited on the top electrode surface. The induced voltages across the resonator plates due to applied external magnetic signals have been computed within a COMSOL 3D finite-element model. Optimal orientations of the internal magnetization and polarization of the external H fields relative to the quartz crystalline axes were determined. Self-consistent coupled strains induced in the magnetostrictive film from both the piezoelectric plate deformations and the external magnetic field were included. The theory of magnetostriction and the characterization of magnetostrictive curve of thin-film Ni (nickel) deposited on quartz resonator with the Ni film magnetized either prior or after deposition were discussed. The magnetostriction curve is an important determinant of the induced voltage across the quartz plate in external H fields. Both the responses of the AT-cut resonator without Ni coating and with Ni coating were simulated in this paper. The experimentally observed response of a 355-MHz AT-cut resonator to the electric component of external RF wave was reported. The electric response of magnetostrictive Ni coated AT-cut resonator dominated the magnetic response. The sensitivity of electric response was calculated to be 320 mV/Oe.
Living with Cancer: A Step-by-Step Guide for Coping Medically and Emotionally with a Serious Diagnosis

This book is a collaboration between a palliative care physician, an oncologist, and a medical writer and is intended for adult cancer patients and their loved ones. The authors emphasize the impor...
The invisible quantity: time intervals in early algebra / La cantidad invisible: los intervalos de tiempo en el álgebra temprana

A common context for instruction in early algebra involves time, an invisible and intangible quantity commonly represented as intervals of length. This paper presents a case study of syntactically ...
Natural history of silent aspiration on modified barium swallow studies in the pediatric population.

Abstract Objectives To investigate the natural history of silent aspiration in the pediatric population. Methods Retrospective chart review of patients (age Results A total of 148 charts were reviewed. Patients that underwent surgical intervention for laryngeal anomalies causing silent aspiration and those with overt aspiration or oral aversion were excluded. Of the 56 patients in the study, 25 had silent aspiration and 31 demonstrated no silent aspiration on MBSS. There was a higher rate of overall comorbidities amongst silent aspirators (96.0% vs. 48.4%, p=0.003) in comparison to patients with no silent aspiration on MBSS. Silent aspirators had higher rates of cerebral palsy (16.0% vs. 0%, p=0.034), and seizures (36.0% vs. 3.2%, p=0.003). Of the 20 patients with silent aspiration with an MBSS completed beyond the initial one, 13 (65.0%) experienced resolution, 5 (20.0%) did not experience resolution by age 5, and 2 (10.0%) had unknown resolution due to being lost to follow up or not yet reaching age 5. No statistically significant associations were found between comorbidities, gender, presence of a gastrostomy tube and resolution. Conclusions Silent aspiration in children is associated with neurological comorbidities, particularly cerebral palsy and seizures. More than half of the patients with silent aspiration spontaneously resolve over time. Expectant management, close surveillance, and clinical assessments can be considered in these patients on an individual basis.
A single bout of resistance exercise improves postprandial lipid metabolism in overweight/obese men with prediabetes

Prediabetes is associated with postprandial hypertriacylglycerolaemia. Resistance exercise acutely lowers postprandial plasma triacylglycerol (TG); however, the changes in lipid metabolism that mediate this reduction are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to identify the constitutive metabolic mechanisms underlying the changes in postprandial lipid metabolism after resistance exercise in obese men with prediabetes. We evaluated the effect of a single bout of whole-body resistance exercise (seven exercises, three sets, 10–12 repetitions at 80% of one-repetition maximum) on postprandial lipid metabolism in ten middle-aged (50 ± 9 years), overweight/obese (BMI: 33 ± 3 kg/m2), sedentary men with prediabetes (HbA1c >38 but 5.7% but 5.6 mmol/l but 7.8 mmol/l but <11.1 mmol/l). We used a randomised, crossover design with a triple-tracer mixed meal test (ingested [(13C4)3]tripalmitin, i.v. [U-13C16]palmitate and [2H5]glycerol) to evaluate chylomicron-TG and total triacylglycerol-rich lipoprotein (TRL)-TG kinetics. We used adipose tissue and skeletal muscle biopsies to evaluate the expression of genes regulating lipolysis and lipid oxidation, skeletal muscle respirometry to evaluate oxidative capacity, and indirect calorimetry to assess whole-body lipid oxidation. The single bout of resistance exercise reduced the lipaemic response to a mixed meal in obese men with prediabetes without changing chylomicron-TG or TRL-TG fractional clearance rates. However, resistance exercise reduced endogenous and meal-derived fatty acid incorporation into chylomicron-TG and TRL-TG. Resistance exercise also increased whole-body lipid oxidation, skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration, oxidative gene expression in skeletal muscle, and the expression of key lipolysis genes in adipose tissue. A single bout of resistance exercise improves postprandial lipid metabolism in obese men with prediabetes, which may mitigate the risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
An attributional theory of motivation

Abstract Attribution theory is concerned with the perceived causes of success and failure. The main principles of the theory are reviewed, with a focus on both antecedents and consequences of perceived causality. Among the antecedents or determinants of attributions discussed are teacher behaviors, such as praise and blame that can indirectly function as a low ability cue. Consequences are reviewed in light of three properties or dimensions of causes: locus, stability, and controllability. Each dimension is uniquely linked to particular psychological and behavioral outcomes; empirical evidence in support of each causal dimension-consequence linkage is presented. A unique contribution of attribution theory is that it addresses the antecedents and consequences of both intrapersonal attributions (how one perceives the self) and interpersonal attributions (how one perceives other people). Directions for future research are discussed, including more attention to innovative methods for studying attributions, multi- pronged and multi-level intervention approaches that include an attributional component, and incorporating race/ethnicity into the attributional model.
Parental Mental Health Care After Their Child's Pediatric Intensive Care Hospitalization.

Objectives Post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety have all been found in parents of PICU survivors. How these research findings translate to actual use of mental health services by parents remains unknown. Design Retrospective observational cohort study. Setting Insurance claims data from 2006 to 2013 obtained from the IBM MarketScan Commercial Database. Patients Parents of PICU survivors. Interventions We examined rates of: 1) mental health diagnoses, 2) outpatient mental health visits, and 3) prescriptions for antidepressants and anxiolytics among parents, 6 months before and 6 months after their child's PICU admission, using each parent as their own control. Measurements and main results Of the 95,070 parents identified, 9.5% received a new mental health diagnosis in the 6 months after their child's PICU hospitalization, which represented a 110% increase from pre-PICU rates. A smaller proportion of parents were given new prescriptions for antidepressants (3.4%) and anxiolytics (3.9%) in the 6 months after their child's PICU hospitalization. Mothers were twice as likely to receive a new mental health diagnosis and be taking a new medication than fathers in the post-PICU period. The parental diagnosis of acute stress disorder or post-traumatic stress disorder increased by 87% from the pre-PICU to the post-PICU period. Conclusions After their child's PICU hospitalization, the proportion of parents with a new mental health diagnosis nearly doubled. Mothers were at nearly twice the risk of receiving a new mental health diagnosis and receiving a new mental health medication compared with fathers. The proportion of parents receiving mental healthcare is much lower than the proportion reporting mental health symptoms in long-term outcomes studies. Whether this indicates a gap in healthcare delivery for parents with mental health symptoms remains unknown.
Antithrombotic Management of Venous Thromboembolism: JACC Focus Seminar.

Abstract Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant public health burden. Management of anticoagulation is the mainstay of treatment for the vast majority of patients. The introduction of 4 direct oral anticoagulants beginning in 2010 has significantly affected selection of anticoagulants for patients with VTE. Treatment of VTE consists of 3 phases: the initial treatment (first 5 to 21 days), primary treatment (first 3 to 6 months), and secondary prevention (after the initial 3 to 6 months). Oral-only anticoagulation strategies are now available, using apixaban or rivaroxaban therapy, beginning in the initial treatment phase. In addition, low-dose anticoagulation with either apixaban or rivaroxaban can be used in the secondary prevention phase for appropriate patients. Use of the direct oral anticoagulants is now supported for many patients with cancer-associated VTE. Appropriate selection and monitoring of anticoagulants remains a critical element of high-quality care for patients with VTE.
Sox2-Evf2 lncRNA-mediated mechanisms of chromosome topological control in developing forebrain

The Evf2 long non-coding RNA directs Dlx5/6 ultraconserved enhancer(UCE)-intrachromosomal interactions, regulating genes across a 27 Mb region on chromosome 6 in mouse developing forebrain. Here, we show that Evf2 long-range gene repression occurs through multi-step mechanisms involving the transcription factor Sox2. Evf2 directly interacts with Sox2, antagonizing Sox2 activation of Dlx5/6UCE, and recruits Sox2 to the Dlx5/6eii shadow enhancer and key Dlx5/6UCE interaction sites. Sox2 directly interacts with Dlx1 and Smarca4, as part of the Evf2 ribonucleoprotein complex, forming spherical subnuclear domains (protein pools, PPs). Evf2 targets Sox2 PPs to one long-range repressed target gene (Rbm28), at the expense of another (Akr1b8). Evf2 and Sox2 shift Dlx5/6UCE interactions towards Rbm28, linking Evf2/Sox2 co-regulated topological control and gene repression. We propose a model that distinguishes Evf2 gene repression mechanisms at Rbm28 (Dlx5/6UCE position) and Akr1b8 (limited Sox2 availability). Genome-wide control of RNPs (Sox2, Dlx and Smarca4) shows that co-recruitment influences Sox2 DNA binding. Together, these data suggest that Evf2 organizes a Sox2 PP subnuclear domain and, through Sox2-RNP sequestration and recruitment, regulates chromosome 6 long-range UCE targeting and activity with genome-wide consequences.
Occupational segregation by gender in veterinary specialties: Who we are choosing, or who is choosing us

Objective Gender demographics vary across specialties including surgery, internal medicine, cardiology, neurology, and oncology. Our objective was to determine whether residency selection or the decision to apply for training drives these differences. Study design Retrospective cohort study. Sample population Matched and unmatched residents lists from Veterinary Internship and Residency Matching Program (VIRMP) from 2011 to 2020. Comparative Data Reports from the American Association of Veterinary Medical Colleges from 2010 to 2019. Methods Names for matched and unmatched residents with addresses in the United States or Canada were coded for gender for seven programs: large and small animal surgery, large and small animal medicine, cardiology, neurology, and oncology. Match rate by gender was compared using chi-square tests. Gender demographics of applicants were compared to demographics of graduates using tests of two proportions. Results No differences were observed between genders for the likelihood of successfully matching into each residency program evaluated except in large animal internal medicine. Women (44.2%) were slightly more likely to match, overall, than men (39.0%, p = .003). The proportions of women applying for residencies overall (70.7%), in large and small animal surgery (66.1%, 62.2%), cardiology (70.2%), and neurology (70.7%) were lower than the proportion of female graduates (79%; p's Conclusion No evidence for gender bias was detected in the VIRMP resident selection process. Female veterinary graduates seemed less likely to apply for residencies than their male counterparts. Impact Occupational segregation seems to stem from the decision to apply for residency. Interventions aimed at altering gender demographics in specialized medicine should target potential applicants.
Fostering a Culture of Consent in Social Dance Communities

This article examines how an affirmative consent model can be applied in social dance contexts and addresses how social dance teachers can foster a culture of consent in their classes and communiti...
Magneto-optical switches in metal-dielectric-metal plasmonic waveguides

The magneto-optical effect has been used to control the propagation of surface plasmon polaritons in plasmonic waveguides. Here we investigate single-interface metal-dielectric and metal-dielectric-metal plasmonic waveguides in which either the dielectric or the metal is a magneto-optical material. We derive the dispersion relation of these waveguides, and investigate the effect of an externally applied static magnetic field. We find that in metal-dielectric-metal waveguide structures in which the dielectric is a magneto-optical material, the symmetry of the structure prohibits any non-reciprocal propagation in the system. Moreover, the induced change in the propagation constant of the supported modes in the presence of an externally applied static magnetic field is relatively small. In addition, we find that using a magneto-optical metal in a single-interface metal-dielectric plasmonic waveguide results in non-reciprocal propagation of the plasmonic modes along the interface. We also find that in metal-dielectric-metal plasmonic waveguides in which the metal is a magneto-optical material, the propagation constant of the supported modes is dependent on the relative direction of the applied magnetic fields to the upper and lower metal regions. If the applied magnetic fields to the two metal regions are equal and in the same direction, the induced changes in the propagation constants of the modes propagating in the positive and negative directions are the same. On the other hand, if the directions of the applied external magnetic fields are opposite, the propagation constants of the modes propagating in the positive and negative directions are different. We finally investigate Fabry-Perot cavity magneto-optical switches.
Key Structure-Activity Relationships in the Vanadium Phosphorus Oxide Catalyst System

Abstract The crystal structure of vanadyl pyrophosphate has been redetermined using single crystals obtained from a near solidified melt of a microcrystalline catalyst sample. Crystals that index as vanadyl pyrophosphate obtained from this melt are variable in color. Crystallographic refinement of the single crystal X-ray diffraction data indicates that structural differences among these materials can be described in terms of crystal defects associated with linear disorder of the vanadium atoms. The importance of the disorder is outlined in the context of its effect on the proposed surface topology parallel to (1,0,0). Models of the surface topology simply and intuitively account for the non-stoichometric surface atomic P/V ratio exhibited by selective catalysts of this phase. These models also point to the possible role of the excess phosphorus in providing site isolation of reactive centers at the surface.
Not Just for Boys: Good Pedagogy is Good for All

This conceptual paper examines the education of boys through the filter of pedagogy and goodness. In this paper, I posit a distinction between instructional strategies (the toolkit of practical activities and strategies used to support children’s learning) and pedagogy (the relational and practical response to the needs of children in the lived moments of teaching). Through a discussion of the role model hypothesis, which posits that like-gender teachers are good for like-gender students, I argue that it is not only a teacher’s gender but also a teacher's non-gendered human qualities such as fairness and kindness that are most relevant to students’ learning. This paper concludes with discussion on strength and masculinity as being multi-dimensional constructs, and considers the notion of good pedagogy, which endeavours to place a multiplicity of all boys’ and all girls’ ways of being at the centre of practical and pedagogical thinking in order that they may flourish fully at school and in learning. Keywords : gender; education of boys; pedagogy; goodness; role model
Combining text and prosodic analysis for prominent word detection

This paper presents an approach that considers both the corpus level (global) information as well as localized acoustic patterns to discover prominent words in an audio conversations. The global information is extracted by using text analysis techniques, in particular latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA), that extracts domain specific prominent words and also arranges them in a set of topics. The domain specific terms thus extracted are used for training an acoustic classifier that considers prosodic patterns around these terms and automatically learns features that are important for distinguishing prominent words from non-prominent ones. At the evaluation time, we extract prosodic feature and query the acoustic classifier for its prominent state. We evaluate our proposed system using a set of 40 manually annotated audio conversations. Experiments show that the proposed approach has a recall of up to 51% and a precision of 33% in detecting the prominent words. Note that both the lexical and the prosodic classifiers are trained in a purely unsupervised manner.
Morphology of aggregates: VII. Comparison chart method for electron microscopic determination of carbon black aggregate morphology

Abstract Carbon black consists of fused aggregates, the most important morphological features of which are the mean particle diameter d (typically 10–100 nm) and the number of particles per aggregate Np (typically 30–300). Although the extensive particle fusion precludes high accuracy in the determination of either of these parameters, a practical method is required for estimating them with reasonable speed and precision on an individual aggregate basis. This is done by visual comparison of individual aggregates with well-characterized reference aggregates in a two-way comparison chart. The reference aggregates are placed in categories according to their projected area, which increases from bottom to top, and their particle size, which increases from left to right. The assigned category is entered by push button onto paper tape for subsequent computer processing. The number of particles per aggregate is computed from a relation between these two measurements, which is based on the properties of computer-simulated flocs and has been tested experimentally by study of the reference aggregates. These data permit calculation of mean values and distribution functions of d, Np, and related parameters, including the void volume and aggregate weight, which are important in determining the colloidal behavior of carbon black. In addition, the longest dimension of each aggregate is measured for the purpose of computing an anisometry shape factor.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF FINDINGS PUBLISHED IN SCHOLARLY ARTICLES

Articles published in scholarly journals, such as this one, tend to be mainly addressed to researchers at universities. Industrial follow-up and implementation of results from a scholarly article appears to be the exception, rather than the rule. Research grant specifications, as well as university policies, favor the generation of new knowledge, rather than the implementation of good ideas. But without patent protection, corporations have low motivation to expend the considerable effort to reduce ideas to practice after they have been openly published. The author speculates that the situation could be much more dynamic if there were a system of priority of implementation. According to such a system, the first company to successfully implement an idea that first appears in a peer-reviewed journal article, as validated by its debut in the marketplace, would have a grace period during which competitors would have to pay them a fee to sell a generic version of the same thing.
Implementing The Automated Phases Of The Partially-Automated Digital Triage Process Model

Digital triage is a pre-digital-forensic phase that sometimes takes place as a way of gathering quick intelligence. Although effort has been undertaken to model the digital forensics process, little has been done to date to model digital triage. This work discuses the further development of a model that does attempt to address digital triage the Partially-automated Crime Specific Digital Triage Process model. The model itself will be presented along with a description of how its automated functionality was implemented to facilitate model testing.
A Review of Emerging Technologies: Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL)

Mobile is a significant tool that supports and integrates effectively in enhancing the language skills due to its features such as accessibility, interactivity, immediacy, permanency, situating of instructional activities. This paper investigates the phenomenon and the impact of Mobile Assisted Language Learning on English language skills. It also explores the salient features and drawbacks of Mobile Assisted Language Learning. In addition, it tries to shed light on the current perspectives and the future of Mobile Assisted Language Learning. The study found that mobile devices are finding their way into classrooms in children’s pockets, and we must ensure that educational practice can include these technologies in productive ways. The study recommends that studies on the impact of Mobile on English language skills and get its maximum benefits for English language learning and teaching.
Mechanisms of basal and kinase-inducible transcription activation by CREB.

The CAMP response element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB) stimulates basal transcription of CRE-containing genes and mediates induction of transcription upon phosphorylation by protein kinases. The basal activity of CREB maps to a carboxy-terminal constitutive activation domain (CAD), whereas phosphorylation and inducibility map to a central, kinase-Inducible domain (KID). The CAD interacts with and recruits the promoter recognition factor TFIID through an interaction with a specific TATA-binding-protein-associated factor (TAF), dTAFII101/hTAFII135. Interaction between the TAF and the CAD is mediated by a central cluster of hydrophobic amino acids, mutation of which disrupts TAF binding, polymerase recruitment, and transcription activation. Assessment of the contributions of the CAD and KID to recruitment of the polymerase complex versus enhancement of subsequent reaction steps (isomerization, promoter clearance, and reinitiation) showed that the CAD and P-KID act in a concerted mechanism to stimulate transcription. The CAD, but not the KID, mediated recruitment of a complex containing components of a transcription initiation complex, including pol II, IIB, and IID. However, the CAD was relatively ineffective in stimulating subsequent steps in the reaction mechanism. In contrast, phosphorylation of the KID in CREB effectively stimulated isomerization of the recruited polymerase complex and multiple-round transcription. A model for the activation of transcription by phosphorylated CREB is proposed, in which the polymerase is recruited by interaction of the CAD with TFIID and the recruited polymerase is activated further by phosphorylation of the kID in CREB.
Increasing incidence of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to determine whether the incidence of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction in a well-defined population was higher than previously recognized. Methods: Clinical records and original histological slides from patients residing in Olmsted County, Minnesota, were reviewed and compared with a previous study in the same population. Results: The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma rose from 0.13 for 1935–1971 to 0.74 for 1974–1989, and the incidence of adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction rose from 0.25 to 1.34 per 100,000 personyears. Histological review of preserved surgical specimens showed associated intestinal metaplasia (Barrett's esophagus) in 2 of 2 esophageal and in 5 of 9 esophagogastric adenocarcinomas. Conclusions: The incidence of adenocarcinoma in each location increased five to sixfold compared with the earlier study. This increase could not be explained by improved diagnostic methods or classification changes. The association with Barrett's esophagus and the parallel increased incidence of cancer in each location is evidence that adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and of the esophagogastric junction are related disorders.
Removal of Vignetting from Apollo Low Light Level Photographs

The comparison of the vignetting function for Apollo 15, 16 and 17 35mm Nikon cameras is presented. A technique for removing this effect is described, and demonstrated on an image of the L4 point of the Earth Moon system.
Forging Strategic Partnerships to Advance Mental Health Science and Practice for Vulnerable Children

The purpose of this article is to present a conceptual framework for advancing mental health science and practice for vulnerable children that is in accord with the Surgeon General's priorities for...
Real-time optimal multiresolutional sensor/data fusion

A real-time optimal multiresolutional sensor/data fusion algorithm that gives fusion results based upon all available data at a particular time index is derived. A multiresolutional distributed filtering scheme is used. The wavelet transforms are utilized as a bridge effectively linking different resolution levels. A tree-like hierarchical data structure facilitates real-time multiresolutional sensor/data fusion. >
Green Hybrid Optical/Wireless Access/In-House Networks

This paper focuses on energy efficient hybrid access networks. Solutions to underutilization of network are investigated. Power optimization of distributed antenna systems and cell-breathing technology for hybrid access networks are explored.
Green Tea Supplementation Affects Body Weight, Lipids, and Lipid Peroxidation in Obese Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome

Objective: To compare the effects of supplementation of green tea beverage or green tea extracts with controls on body weight, glucose and lipid profile, biomarkers of oxidative stress, and safety parameters in obese subjects with metabolic syndrome.Design: Randomized, controlled prospective trial.Setting: General Clinical Research Center (GCRC) at University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC).Subjects: Thirty-five subjects with obesity and metabolic syndrome were recruited in age- and gender-matched trios and were randomly assigned to the control (4 cups water/d), green tea (4 cups/d), or green tea extract (2 capsules and 4 cups water/d) group for 8 weeks. The tea and extract groups had similar dosing of epiogallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the active compound in green tea.Methods: Anthropometrics, blood pressure, fasting glucose and lipids, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based lipid particle size, safety parameters, biomarkers of oxidative stress (oxidized low-density lipoprotein [LDL], myelope...
An improvement in the use of plaster bandage for patient contouring

The setting time of plaster bandage used for patient contouring can be decreased by adding potassium sulfate to the dip water. A small amount of this inexpensive chemical can have a significant effect. This improvement gives the physicist sufficient control of the process so that contours may be made from plaster as quickly as they are made with stiff wire, but with improved accuracy.