cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Biological Diversity Associated with Bigtooth Aspen Patches in a Mixed Oak Landscape

Abstract This study evaluated the ability of bigtooth aspen (Populus grandidentata Michx.) patches to contribute to the understory diversity of southeastern Ohio's mixed oak forests by providing unique microenvironments embedded within the larger mixed vegetation matrix. Twenty bigtooth aspen patches and adjacent mixed oak forest were selected for study. Microenvironmental parameters were assessed in both the patch and surrounding matrix and included light, relative humidity, soil and air temperature, soil moisture, nitrate, texture, pH, O and A horizon depth, organic matter content, and cation (Mg, Ca, P, K, Al) availability. Spring and summer vegetation surveys were conducted to investigate differences in floristic composition between aspen patches and surrounding forest. A MANOVA revealed significant (P < 0.001) differences in the microenvironment between aspen patches and the oak matrix resulting from differences in soil texture, organic matter content, soil and air temperature, soil pH, magnesium, ca...
On the optimal localized feedback design for multi-vehicle systems

We consider the design of localized feedback gains using relative information exchange between vehicles. The optimal controller is obtained by minimizing the global performance measure that quantifies the coherence of the large-scale network. For undirected connected graphs we show convexity of this optimal control problem, implying that its global solution can be computed efficiently. Moreover, we determine analytically the optimal localized gains for several graphs. This allows us to quantify scaling of the performance measure with the network size and to identify graphs that are favorable for maintaining coherence of the network. Another contribution of the paper lies in the characterization of all stabilizing localized feedback gains. This characterization can be utilized to examine the interplay between the underlying communication topology and the dynamics of the closed-loop system.
Factor Retention Decisions in Exploratory Factor Analysis: a Tutorial on Parallel Analysis

The decision of how many factors to retain is a critical component of exploratory factor analysis. Evidence is presented that parallel analysis is one of the most accurate factor retention methods while also being one of the most underutilized in management and organizational research. Therefore, a step-by-step guide to performing parallel analysis is described, and an example is provided using data from the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire. Recommendations for making factor retention decisions are discussed.
Sustainability toolkit for simulation-based logistics decisions

As sustainability related issues, such as energy consumption and environmental impact issues are becoming a more integrated part of operational and long-term planning decisions, simulation modeling and analysis tools are needed to aid in the decision-making process. In this paper we introduce the concept of a simulation-based sustainability toolkit and present a prototype of one portion of the toolkit that is being developed for modeling and simulating sustainability aspects of logistics and transportation systems. The sustainability simulation toolkit contains a flexible framework to enable the simulation modeling and analysis of sustainability-related factors and performance measures. This toolkit is designed for ease of implementation, so decision-makers can have sustainability measures as readily available as traditional performance measures when making logistics and transportation decisions.
Bioinspiration: something for everyone.

‘Bioinspiration’—using phenomena in biology to stimulate research in non-biological science and technology—is a strategy that suggests new areas for research. Beyond its potential to nucleate new ideas, bioinspiration has two other interesting characteristics. It can suggest subjects in research that are relatively simple technically; it can also lead to areas in which results can lead to useful function more directly than some of the more familiar areas now fashionable in chemistry. Bioinspired research thus has the potential to be accessible to laboratories that have limited resources, to offer routes to new and useful function, and to bridge differences in technical and cultural interactions of different geographical regions.
3. Mental Workload

Publisher Summary Mental workload is a complex construct. It is most unlikely that a single metric will be able to index mental workload in a wide variety of situations. The class of attention models that postulates a single pool of capacity is better suited for developing indices for mental workload than are multiple-pool models. While multiple-pool models are so powerful that it has been easy to achieve some initial successes with them, in the long run, their lack of parsimony makes them less useful in achieving a practical goal. The mental workload is more than just spare capacity. Additional aspects of mental workload include subjective feelings, effort, individual differences, strategy, and practice. Although theory may not solve a problem immediately, it can reduce the number of alternatives that need to be investigated. The best practical tool is a good theory.
The supracerebellar infratentorial approach to the dorsal midbrain

The supracerebellar infratentorial approach provides access to the dorsal midbrain, pineal region, and tentorial incisura. This approach can be used with the patient in a sitting, prone, park-bench, or supine position. For a patient with a supple neck and favorable anatomy, we prefer the supine position. The ipsilateral shoulder is elevated, the head turned to the contralateral side, the chin is tucked, and the neck extended toward the floor to open the craniocervical angle for added working room. Care must be taken to place the craniotomy laterally to make use of the ascending angle of the tentorium for ease of access to deep-seated lesions. The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/BZh6ljmE23k .
A Survey of Social Media Policies in U.S. Dental Schools

Since social media sites began to appear in the 1990s, their popularity has increased dramatically, especially among younger individuals. With this widespread use of social media, institutions of higher education are finding the need to implement social media policies. The purpose of this study was to gather information from accredited U.S. dental schools on their social media policies. A survey sent to academic deans asked questions related to social media policies and violations of policies. The survey yielded a 35.9 percent (n=23) response rate. Social media policies at the university level were reported by 47.8 percent (n=11) of respondents, and 34.8 percent (n=8) had social media policies specifically in the dental school. Schools that had an institutional social media policy were more likely to have a social media policy in the dental school (p=0.01), and dental schools were more likely to have a policy if the academic dean had been in the position less than five years (p=0.01). All twenty-three responding dental schools have official social media pages. Dental educators and administrators may want to look for opportunities to raise awareness of social media professionalism in their dental schools.
Lymphoma of the colon simulating ulcerative colitis. Report of four cases.

Eleven cases diagnosed initially as chronic ulcerative colitis, and in which subsequently malignant lymphoma developed, have been reported since 1928. Four more such cases are reported here. It is postulated that all of these patients may have had malignant lymphoma at the onset of their symptoms, rather than “malignant degeneration” of chronic ulcerative colitis.
Solution of the 2D Navier-Stokes equations on unstructured adaptive grids

This paper presents a solution adaptive scheme for solving the Navier-Stokes equations on a n unstructured mixed grid of triangles and quadrilaterals. The solution procedure uses an explicit Itunge-Kutta finite volun~e time marching scheme. The solution is begun on a coarse grid and points are added adaptively during the solution procedure using criteria such as pressure and velocity gradients. In viscous regions the gradients are essentially one dimensional, and we use quadrilateral elements in these regions to facilitate the one dimensional refinement required for the efficient resolution of boundary layers and wakes. The effect of turbulence is modeled by the inclusion of a K E tubulence rnodel. When used for analyzing flows in turbomachinery blade rows, terms rrpresenting the effects of changes in strearnsheet lhicknrss and radius, and the effects of rotation are included. Axisymnletric flows with swirl can also be analyzed. Solutions are presented for several examples that illustrate the capability of the algorithm.
Toward a Poetics of the Interview in Thomas Meinecke

To explore and elucidate the poetics of the literary interview, one must turn to the master of the genre: contemporary German author Thomas Meinecke. By reassessing Meinecke's many interviews, both those he has sampled in his novels and those he has given to the media, this article aims to illuminate the author's poetic process and to underscore a recent historical shift in the poetic function of the interview. By reading Meinecke's interviews through the lens of his intertextual practices, we ultimately uncover a dialectics of dialogue at the heart of his poetic program. That Meinecke's writing is predicated on a poetics of the interview allows us both to reevaluate received presumptions of authorship and authenticity surrounding the interview and to better understand the narratological function of the interview in Meinecke's published oeuvre.
Surveillance on immune successful rate of measles vaccine in infants of Dongguan in 2008

Objective:To survey and evaluate the effect of immunization of measles vaccine and judge the immune successful rate and protective rate.Methods:To collect 50 preimmunization one month post-immunization serum of 8 months aged infants respectively and detect the IgG antibodies anainst measles by ELISA.The antibody titer≥1:200 was regarded as positive,≥1:800 reached to the protective level.Results:The positive rate of preimmunization was zero,the positive rate of post-immunization was 100%,the immune successful rate of measles vaccine was 100%,the IgG antibody titer of 49 infants were≥1:800,it reached to the protective level.There were no significant difference between different gender on protective level.Conclusion:The immune successful rate reach to the standard(≥85%),98% of the infants reach to the protective level.There are no significant difference between different geder.
The benzodiazepine - GABA - chloride ionophore receptor complex: Common site of minor tranquilizer action

The demonstration of specific recognition sites for benzodiazepines in the mammalian CNS has altered current thinking on the mechanisms of action of the benzodiazepines as well as the neurochemical events which are associated with anxiety. Recent studies suggest that the physiological regulation of the benzodiazepine receptor is far more complex than initially believed and includes a functional coupling to both a GABA receptor and an associated chloride ionophore. It now appears that a number of other psychopharmacologic agents, including minor tranquilizers other than the benzodiazepines as well as several convulsants and anticonvulsants, may exert their pharmacologic effects by affecting one or more regulatory sites on the benzodiazepine receptor complex. In addition to a number of drugs, at least one endogenous small molecular weight compound that has been isolated from the crude synaptosomal fraction of bovine cerebral cortex also appears to modulate this receptor complex.
Reaching Minority Women: Language, Culture, and Politics in the Service of Consumerism

Glossy magazines for minority women are not available on all news-stands. With the exception of Essence, the successful magazine for Black women, most of these publications are difficult to find outside areas with large minority populations. These magazines are important, however, because they reach a substantial, growing sector with consumerist messages that are ostensibly personalized with the specific cultural heritage of minority groups. By harnessing selected elements of Black and Latino culture to a glamorized presentation of consumer goods, the magazines try to become lucrative enterprises through convincing readers to buy more. As a result, their commercial messages sometimes conflict with the positive elements of ethnic and racial pride they present.
Day 100 Absolute Lymphocyte Count (ALC) Predicts Risk of Serious Infections in Lymphoma Patients Undergoing Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HCT)

Background: High-dose therapy with autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (autoHCT) is now well established as an effective therapy for lymphoma. However, infection is a known risk of autoHCT. Following autoHCT, prolonged lymphopenia (PL) and hypogammaglobulinemia (HypoGG) can occur and lead to a significant acquired immunodeficiency. While early recovery of lymphocyte count has been found to be a predictor of overall survival post autoHCT, the risk factors for and effects of PL and HypoGG in this population have not been carefully studied. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all lymphoma patients who received their first autoHCT at the Medical College of Wisconsin from January 2009-December 2013. Patient charts were abstracted for pre-transplant disease characteristics (including lines of chemotherapy and regimens received prior to HCT, rituximab use, absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) pre-HCT, CD34+ and lymphocytes infused with HCT product) and post-transplant outcomes including day 100 ALC, 1 year IgG/A/M levels, and serious infections (SI). SI was defined as bacteremia, pneumonia, meningitis, pneumonia, clostridium difficile, neutropenic fever; or any infection requiring admission; or 2 or more infections of any type. Primary outcomes of interest included whether SI correlated with Day 100 ALC and 1 year IgG/A/M levels. Survival outcomes (time to SI) were estimated using Kaplan Meier method, and comparisons made with Fisher9s exact test, Chi-square tests, and log rank test. Multivariable analysis (MVA) was performed using the Cox proportional hazard regression. P-values of less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results: A total of 161 patients were included, of which 29 patients were excluded due to early relapse. Of the remaining 132 patients, 50 developed SI. Comparing the two groups (Table 1 - SI vs no SI), the majority of patients in both groups were Hodgkin Lymphoma, DLBCL, MCL, and FL with advanced stages at diagnosis. Prior to transplant, patients underwent >2 lines of chemotherapy and the majority were in complete remission at the time of transplant. Patients treated with HyperCVAD had a higher rate of SI (p Post-transplant, patients with low day 100 ALC (p=0.04) and low 1 year IgM (p Conclusion: We conclude that, following autoHCT, lymphoma patients with a day 100 ALC Further prospective studies looking at subsets of lymphocytes, including B cells, T cell subsets, and NK cells may be helpful in identifying patients at significant risk for serious infections post autoHCT. Disclosures Hamadani: Celgene: Consultancy; Takeda: Research Funding; MedImmune: Consultancy; Cellerant: Consultancy. Hari: Janssen: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy; Spectrum: Consultancy; Sanofi: Consultancy; Takeda: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy; BMS: Consultancy. Fenske: Celgene: Honoraria; Seattle Genetics: Honoraria; Millennium/Takeda: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Honoraria.
Tuber Resistance and Slow-Rotting Characteristics of Potato Clones Associated with the Solanaceae Coordinated Agricultural Project to the US-24 Clonal Lineage of Phytophthora infestans

Late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans, is a devastating disease on potato worldwide and new lineages of the pathogen continue to develop in the U.S. Breeding for resistance is important for economic and environmental purposes. The Solanaceae Coordinated Agricultural Project (SolCAP) focuses on linking allelic variation in genes to valuable traits in elite cultivated potato germplasm. This research assessed the SolCAP diversity panel (206 clones in Washington and 213 clones in Wisconsin) for tuber resistance to the US-24 clonal lineage of P. infestans after potatoes were harvested from fields in Washington and Wisconsin in 2011. This is the first time this germplasm has been evaluated for tuber resistance to P. infestans using a non-intrusive zoospore inoculation technique. Clones with a percent incidence of 30% or less were considered resistant and only eight clones (Palisade Russet, AWN86514–2, MSL268-D, MSM171-A, MSM182–1, MSN230-1RY, Patagonia and Yukon Gem) were characterized as resistant at both locations. These clones have previously demonstrated high to moderate partial foliar resistance to isolates of P.infestans and therefore represent germplasm with both foliar and tuber resistance. Nine clones (AWN86514–2, F66041, MN 18747, MSM 182–1, MSN230-1RY, Modoc, Ama-Rosa, Patagonia and Purple Majesty), were characterized as slow-rotting at both locations with a mean percent internal rot of 75% or less after 33 days of storage. Two clones, MN 18747 and Modoc, are considered to have the highest risk of being a carrier for P. infestans of all the clones evaluated in the SolCAP collection. Not a single clone demonstrated complete tuber resistance to the US-24 strain at both locations.
Pharmacokinetic drug evaluation of ceftobiprole for the treatment of MRSA

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), while decreasing in overall incidence, is still a prominent concern world-wide. New agents coming to market in the last 10 years allow practitioners to optimize treatment for MRSA infections. Ceftobiprole is a cephalosporin agent with MRSA activity, currently approved in selected countries for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia and hospital-acquired pneumonia.Areas covered: Relevant literature regarding spectrum of activity, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and clinical trials will be discussed.Expert opinion: Ceftobiprole is an addition to a growing number of antimicrobials with activity against MRSA. Concern for appropriate dosing in critically ill patients remains due to its ineffectiveness for the treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). While ceftobiprole has activity against gram-negative organisms, the allowance for use of an additional agent for gram-negative infections in clinical trials limits reco...
Considering Ethics Systems: A Comparative Study on the Implementation of Ethics Frameworks

The institutional arrangements of an ethics system serve as the foundation for effective implementation of its core capacities, and therefore, have an outsized influence on the success of any efforts to instill ethics within the public sector. However, it is not the arrangement per se that determines effectiveness. Rather, it is the strength of the underlying core capacities, combined with the political will to allow implementation of an ethics framework throughout the public sector. Through iterative qualitative analysis of eight country contexts, specific areas of implementation emerged as the core capacities of an ethics framework: advisory support, organizational monitoring, training, financial disclosure (including use of technology), interagency collaboration, outreach, and investigations/enforcement. These core capacities serve as organizing principles for the implementation of an ethics system, as well as the areas by which systems can be evaluated. The paper addresses each capacity in turn and provides examples of country implementation.
Are needs of stakeholders in cancer care being met? A novel approch to assessing needs to improve value in cancer care.

6581 Background: Advanced cancer is a leading cause of death in the US. While treatments have improved, patients still report physical, emotional, and financial burdens associated with the disease....
College Students and Online Political Expression During the 2016 Election

While college students traditionally exhibit low levels of political participation and interest in politics, they are more likely to engage in some forms of political expression than their elders. ...
Complications and Outcomes of Pregnancy and Cesarean Delivery in Women With Neuropathic Bladder and Lower Urinary Tract Reconstruction.

Objective To determine the outcomes of pregnancy and cesarean delivery (CD) in women with neuropathic bladder (NB) and pediatric lower urinary tract reconstruction (LUTR) as these women often have normal fertility and may become pregnant. Methods We reviewed consecutive patients with NB due to spinal dysraphism who underwent LUTR, became pregnant, and had a CD at our institution from July 2001 to June 2016. We collected data on demographics, hydronephrosis, symptomatic urinary tract infection, continence, and catheterization during pregnancy. CD data included gestational age, abdominal or uterine incisions, and complications. Results We identified 18 pregnancies in 11 women. Fifteen live newborns were delivered via CD (53.3% term births). Thirteen of 15 patients (86.7%) developed new (10) or worsening (3) hydronephrosis. Six of 13 patients (46.2%) underwent nephrostomy tube placement. Eight of 15 patients (53.3%) developed difficulty catheterizing (66.7% via native urethra, 44.4% via catheterizable channel); 50.0% of patients required an indwelling catheter. Five of 15 patients (33.3%) developed urinary incontinence during pregnancy. Ten of 15 patients (66.7%) had a urinary tract infection (30.0% febrile). A urologist was present for all CDs: 5 were scheduled, 10 occurred emergently. Complications occurred in 40.0% (5 cystotomies, 1 bowel deserosalization, 1 vaginal laceration). All cystotomies occurred during emergent CD. Three patients (20.0%) developed urinary fistulae after emergent CD. Conclusions Women with NB and LUTR have high rates of complications during pregnancy and CD, despite routine involvement of urologists. Women with prolonged labor, previous CD, or those with a history of noncompliance developed the worst complications. Based on our experience, a urologist should always be present and participate in the CD.
A Groundhog Moment: Examination of a Pivotal Emotional Singularity:

In this article, the author dissects and refracts a single, defining moment in his life using autoethnography and the lenses of specific communication and social theories. The author mines the moment in first, second, and third person to uncover the different responses to overwhelming emotions ranging from the noble to the shameful in response to his father’s “coming out of the closet.” A torrent of emotion took the author by surprise and is the total moment of his analysis in this article. The author scrutinizes the multiple ways in which this moment was a release, a turning point, an ending, a beginning, bittersweet, hateful and hate filled, selfish, guilt ridden, and loving. Through multiple retellings of the event, like the film Groundhog Day, the author presents the moment in different narrative formats, from multiple perspectives, with relevant quotations and passages to thoroughly dissect the emotional layers.
Market Value Impacts of Information Systems Around the World: A Monte Carlo Investigation to Reduce Bias in International Event Studies

As commerce and its associated challenges become more globally interconnected, research about those phenomena increasingly crosses national borders. The event study, a widely used method in Information Systems (IS) business value research, has been increasingly deployed internationally in management disciplines, but not yet IS. As IS scholars begin to conduct international event studies, they should be aware of research finding that single-factor event study methods developed for single-country settings may result in estimation errors if not corrected for international use (Park, 2004). This paper conducts a Monte Carlo analysis to simulate security returns within the context of varying (a) levels of global stockmarket correlation and (b) structural relationships between securities and their markets. Comparing single-factor and international multi-factor specifications finds that for conditions commonly observed in global markets, the single-factor model exhibits problematic estimates (some exceeding 200% more error) for which the multi-factor model is able to provide substantial correction.
Keeping Secrets, Telling Tales: The Psychiatrist as Writer

RAW MATERIALS I work in a psychiatric clinic, an "outpatient mental health center" at a hospital on the Lower East Side of Manhattan, in a neighborhood which has traditionally been, and remains, the meeting ground of a hundred world cultures. Our neighborhood is a place of artists and bohemians and outcasts and addicts, and its streets are filled with the music of innumerable languages. At case conferences, in patient sessions, I am continually astonished by what I hear. I observe both as a psychiatrist and as a writer. A bipolar patient explains that he has been treated with "lithium carburetor"—the psychiatrist hears "neologisms" (creation of new words) or the phenomenon we call "flight of ideas" (runaway thoughts common in mania), the writer hears poetry. Another patient claims to be assaulted by "forces of magnetism released by construction in the city," or "caused by echoes from satellite dishes." A man comes to our Walk In Clinic convinced he has wings sprouting out of his feet. He wears a rubber suit studded with tiny blinking electric lights, and he regales the second year resident with tales of his girlfriend, a woman with twenty-two personalities. One morning in Teaching Case Conference, a man offhandedly reveals that "the whispering of demons make me choose the wrong Lotto numbers." Another day, a shy Caribbean woman describes being raped for hours each night by a phantom lover. Even our staff talks poetry—reporting on a crack-abusing schizophrenic man who is "ripping and running, dashing and scheming, and copping and hiding." On my way to lunch, walking down 15th Street, I pass by a bedraggled man who is singing: "If that don't get my woman, I'm sure my sho-sho-shotgun will!" At Grand Rounds, one of
Romantic Authorship and the Rhetoric of Property

This is a review of James Boyle's new book, Shamans, Software and Spleens: Law and the Construction of the Information Society. Boyle's book ranges across the law of information, which he argues should be treated as a unified discipline. Boyle applies his analysis of "romantic authorship" to the law of information, arguing that in copyright and elsewhere, the law gives new works too much protection because it wrongly discounts the sources on which those works necessarily build. In this review, I suggest that whatever its merits as legal argument, "romantic authorship" does not explain very much about the features of copyright law, nor why copyright protection is expanding over time. I suggest an alternative explanation: that a particular strand of law and economics scholarship that endorses strong property rights is pushing for the "propertization" of all valuable information.
Semi-Active Suspensions

A semi-active suspension system utilizes a variable damper or other variable dissipation component in the automotive suspension. An example of a variable dissipator is a twin tube viscous damper in which the damping coefficient can be varied by changing the diameter of the orifice in a piston.
A Low Power PWM Optical Phased Array Transmitter with 16° Field-of-View and 0.8° Beamwidth

An optical phased array (OPA) transmitter system with a high-swing electrical PWM driver achieving the highest reported grating-lobe-free field-of-view to beamwidth ratio of 16%.8° for a two-dimensional aperture is presented. This ratio translates to 400 resolvable spots-which is 30x more numerous than the state-of-the-art. This scalable OPA, with a sparsely populated aperture, overcomes optical routing difficulties in planar photonic processes while maintaining the desired transmitter beam characteristics. To reduce the power consumption, a row-column electrical connection grid for the 144 optical phase shifters decreases the number of electrical drivers from 144 to 37. The PWM driver chip incorporates a breakdown-voltage multiplying architecture to increase the output voltage swing. The 65nm CMOS electronic driver chip and the photonic chip, fabricated through a standard silicon photonics process, occupy 1.7mm2 and 2.08mm2 of active area respectively.
FGF23 Synthesis and Activity.

The phosphaturic hormone FGF23 is produced primarily in osteoblasts/osteocytes and is known to respond to increases in serum phosphate and 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D (1,25D). Novel regulators of FGF23 were recently identified and may help explain the pathophysiologies of several diseases. This review will focus on recent studies examining the synthesis and actions of FGF23. The synthesis of FGF23 in response to 1,25D is similar to other steroid hormone targets, but the cellular responses to phosphate remain largely unknown. The activity of intracellular processing genes control FGF23 glycosylation and phosphorylation, providing critical functions in determining the serum levels of bioactive FGF23. The actions of FGF23 largely occur through its co-receptor αKlotho (KL) under normal circumstances, but FGF23 has KL-independent activity during situations of high concentrations. Recent work regarding FGF23 synthesis and bioactivity, as well as considerations for diseases of altered phosphate balance, will be reviewed.
Insurance Coverage for Adjuvant Proton Therapy in the Definitive Treatment of Breast Cancer.

Abstract Purpose: To determine factors that influence insurance approval for breast cancer patients for whom adjuvant proton therapy (PT) is recommended. Patients and Methods: We sought to identify...
A system dynamics analysis of the alternative roofing market and its potential impacts on urban environmental problems: A case study in Orlando, Florida

Abstract Recent advances in sustainable construction and development methods have allowed urban developers to significantly reduce urban environmental problems caused by buildings such as increased energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, urban runoff, and the urban heat island effect. Newer forms of green infrastructure, including alternative roofing (green roofs, solar BIPV systems, etc.), have emerged as potential solutions to these urban environmental problems. However, a number of practical and socioeconomic factors are currently limiting their market penetration to a marginal share. This study employs a System Dynamics modeling approach to analyze these hindrances in Orlando’s alternative roofing market, as well as the potential of societal, economic, and developmental investments in different alternative roofing markets to address these issues. Conventional roofs have been found to remain predominant in Orlando’s roofing market under all policy scenarios, with solar roof system being the most mature out of the three alternative roofing markets considered, and consequently has the most potential for future market penetration. It has been found that the studied alternative roof systems (ARSs) reach only a marginal market share in the year 2040, and for this reason, could not result in significant improvements in the studied impact categories at the city level. However, the studied ARSs yield important reductions in all of the impact categories when analyzed at the building level. The results of this study indicate that the alternative roofing market has significant growth potential, but further research, development, and improvement will be essential to achieve more effective, long-term benefits in Orlando.
On redefining coarticulation

Abstract: The notion of a process of coarticulation depends on the notion of segment. If segments are mentalistic in nature, then, perforce, so is coarticulation. But in that case coarticulation is not distinguishable from assimilation, and the need for ‘coarticulation’ as a separate process ceases to exist. Objecting to the demise of coarticulation, Schouten & Pols (1979) and Fowler (1980) have attempted to redefine coarticulation. Both fail, however. Fowler’s notion of ‘coproduction’ is internally incoherent, in that the articulation of her basic premisses leads to contradictions. Both accounts are externally incoherent, in that their attempts to equate segments with physical events entail a category mistake. The concept of coarticulation is analyzed in light of three archetypical models of the phoneme–allophone relationship, the presuppositions underlying them, the type-token distinction, and the concept of segment.
Persistence of Folly: On the Origins of German Dramatic Literature / Stella: A Play for Lovers: by Joel B. Lande, Ithaca, NY, Cornell UP, 2018, x + 354 pp., 4 illustrations.

Joel B. Lande’s monograph, Persistence of Folly: On the Origins of German Dramatic Literature, traces the figure of the fool on the stage from its beginnings in the shows of traveling English playe...
A COMPARISON OF HEMODYNAMIC AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES AFTER TRANSCATHETER VERSUS SURGICAL THERAPY IN ADULTS IN COARCTATION OF AORTA

Transcatheter stent therapy provides similar acute reduction in coarctation of aorta (COA) gradient and systolic blood pressure (SBP) as compared to surgery. However, there are limited data comparing mid-term outcomes after transcatheter vs surgery therapy for COA. The purpose of the study was to
Machined Metal FUSE Array Apertures

A Frequency-scaled Ultra-wide Spectrum Element (FUSE) antenna aperture is presented that is readily produced as size-scalable modular sub-array tiles via conventional (subtractive) machining of common metal stock, similar to the manufacturing of wideband all-metal Vivaldi flares. Like the Planar Ultra-wideband Modular Antenna (PUMA) array, whose modular aperture production can be automated via commercial printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing at minimal touch labor, these FUSE apertures can be produced with quick turnaround time at rapid prototyping metal machining shops. The radiator can also be produced via additive manufacturing (3D printing), making this simple design an excellent choice for benchmarking alternative manufacturing techniques. This low-profile ultra-wideband array aperture demonstrates operation from 5 GHz to 21 GHz (4.2:1 VSWR bandwidth), with Voltage Standing Wave Ratios (VSWR) below 2.0 for 45-degree scans in all planes (60-degree scan VSWR < 2.0, except H-plane scan VSWR < 3.0) at optimal lattice spacing. Measured results are presented to validate modeling predictions.
Pandemicity, COVID-19 and the limits of public health 'science'.

### Summary box > “No man is an island, > > entire of itself; > > each is a piece of the continent, > > a part of the main. > > If a clod be washed away by the sea, > > Europe is the less, > > as well as if a promontory were, > > as well as if a manor of thy friend’s > > or of thine own were. > > Each man’s death diminishes me, > > for I am involved in mankind. > > And therefore never send to know > > for whom the bell tolls; > > it tolls for thee.” John Donne wrote these lines in 1624 as part of a series of meditations conducted during a period of what we would now term social distancing, while he suffered from a relapsing febrile illness. Whatever the pathogen, Donne’s musings on being part of a greater whole were not conceived during an epidemic or pandemic, since these words did not exist as nouns in the English language until 1674 and 1832, respectively.1 In 2020, the quasi-inexorable spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has brought the interconnectedness of humankind back to the forefront of many a consciousness. Yet it has not brought clarity to the blurred boundary between epidemics and pandemics. This was made manifest …
Phase Space Analysis of Inclusive Charged Current Proton Production in MicroBooNE

Using the full five-dimensional phase space, measuring the relative fraction of νμ charged current events containing a proton in the final state originates from quasielastic, 2p2h, resonance, and deep inelastic sub-nuclear scattering processes within the context of the GENIE cross section model. These studies indicate that the data support the picture that charged current scattering is dominated by a relatively small number of incoherent nucleon-level processes. GENIE successfully predicts, within the estimated experimental uncertainties, the relative contributions of each subnuclear process. This analysis of MicroBooNE data establishes the presence of a 2p2h contribution to the cross section to a significance of 7.3 σ.
BME Labs in the Era of COVID-19: Transitioning a Hands-on Integrative Lab Experience to Remote Instruction Using Gamified Lab Simulations

The COVID-19 induced abrupt transition to online learning that occurred in the Spring of 2020 presented particular challenges to the adaptation of hands-on laboratory courses in biomedical engineering. This paper describes the transition of such a course in one undergraduate program, assessment of this transition, and how this assessment has led to the design of the Fall 2020 online delivery format. In the spring, instruction was delivered online via asynchronous lectures and recorded video demonstrations, while raw data was provided to students to simulate specific laboratory techniques. Additionally, synchronous and asynchronous forms of student support were offered, including office hours and discussions. Student feedback was assessed via an end-of-semester survey designed specifically to analyze the students’ perceptions of the Spring 2020 transition to remote learning, as well as a comparison of Spring 2020 and Spring 2019 (when the course was taught in-person) student performance deliverables. Student performance was comparable to (or even better than) that in 2019. Students responded very positively to the transition, with most students agreeing or strongly agreeing that they had the resources needed to succeed (4.43 on a Likert scale), although on average, the students also found that the shift made learning more challenging, with increased effort required to engage with the material. Students especially found the recorded demonstration of laboratory techniques, asynchronous lectures, the learning management system chat feature, and virtual office hours useful. Many students felt that even with these resources, they still lost some of the experience that comes with in-person hands-on application, and some students found working in teams to be more challenging. While the overall approach implemented in the abrupt transition was effective in terms of student learning outcomes, engagement and immersion in a more realistic experience is a concern moving forward in Fall 2020. Based on our outcomes and on data from the literature, we will add gamified virtual lab simulations, shown to enhance student experience and create a more engaging and effective learning environment in lieu of in-person instruction.
Situational Influences on Nonviolent Action

While holding personal beliefs in support of nonviolent behavior is very important, any analysis of nonviolence requires the careful consideration of the situational constraints from the micro- through the macro-level. This analysis will incorporate the framework of Ross and Nisbett (1991), which builds on the powerful and pioneering work of Kurt Lewin and casts light on many causes of social behavior. From Ross and Nisbett’s perspective, social behavior is a function of three variables: (1) the nature of the situation, (2) the way individuals construe the situation, and (3) the dynamic systems of tension across levels of human experience from individual psyches, through small groups, to national levels.
The Behavioral Science of Software Engineering and HumannMachine Teaming

Designing and sustaining sociotechnical systems where relationships among humans, machines, and environmental aspects are intertwined is not new to software engineering. Emery and Trist1 coined the term sociotechnical systems in 1960 to draw attention to the need for people, machines, and context to all be considered when developing and sustaining these systems. Interactions and dependencies in sociotechnical systems get complex quickly as the interdisciplinary nature of such systems drive different design priorities and information flow mechanisms: sociologists see social systems, psychologists observe them as cognitive systems, computer scientists approach them as information systems, and engineers see the hardware systems.2 All of these perspectives are not only valid but also are essential elements of sociotechnical systems.
Coulomb corrections to the extraction of the density and temperature in non-relativistic heavy ion collisions

We address the role of Coulomb interaction in the determination of densities and temperatures of hot sources produced in heavy ion collisions. Such quantities can be obtained from the quadrupole momentum and multiplicity fluctuations of the emitted light particles. In this paper we modify the method by taking explicitly into account Coulomb corrections. The classical and quantum limits for fermions are discussed. In the classical case we find that the temperatures determined from 3H and 3He, after the Coulomb correction, are very similar to those obtained from neutrons within the constrained molecular dynamics approach. In the quantum case, the proton temperature becomes very similar to neutron's, while densities are not sensitive to the Coulomb corrections.
Tuning dispersity of linear polymers and polymeric brushes grown from nanoparticles by atom transfer radical polymerization

Molecular weight distribution imposes considerable influence on the properties of polymers, making it an important parameter, impacting morphology and structural behavior of polymeric materials. Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) has established itself as a powerful tool to prepare polymers with predetermined molecular weight, preserved chain-end functionality, and low dispersity. More recently, ATRP has also been shown to provide a means to deliberately broaden molecular weight distributions, and, via retaining living chain-ends, to enable the formation of block copolymers with designed block dispersity, featuring new microstructures and potentially attractive properties. Similar methodologies have been developed to facilitate tuning of the dispersity of polymeric brushes grown from nanoparticles thus resulting in hybrid materials with enhanced fracture toughness and high inorganic content. Recent advances have given access to brush architectures comprised of uni- and bimodal block copolymers with unique morphologies along with interesting mechanical, thermal, and optical properties.
Experimentation and Innovations

Society cannot afford to institute poorly tested reforms because a substantial fraction of innovations, when carefully tested, prove not to be beneficial.
Backbone dynamics of the human CC-chemokine eotaxin

Eotaxin is a CC chemokine with potent chemoattractant activity towards eosinophils. 15N NMR relaxation data have been used to characterize the backbone dynamics of recombinant human eotaxin. 15N longitudinal (R1) and transverse (R2) auto relaxation rates, heteronuclear 1H-15N steady-state NOEs, and transverse cross-relaxation rates (ηxy) were obtained at 30 °C for all resolved backbone secondary amide groups using 1 H-detected two-dimensional NMR experiments. Ratios of transverse auto and cross relaxation rates were used to identify NH groups influenced by slow conformational rearrangement. Relaxation data were fit to the extended model free dynamics formalism, yielding parameters describing axially symmetric molecular rotational diffusion and the internal dynamics of each NH group. The molecular rotational correlation time (τm) is 5.09±0.02 ns, indicating that eotaxin exists predominantly as a monomer under the conditions of the NMR study. The ratio of diffusion rates about unique and perpendicular axes (D∥/D⊥) is 0.81±0.02. Residues with large amplitudes of subnanosecond motion are clustered in the N-terminal region (residues 1–19), the C-terminus (residues 68–73) and the loop connecting the first two β-strands (residues 30–37). N-terminal flexibility appears to be conserved throughout the chemokine family and may have implications for the mechanism of chemokine receptor activation. Residues exhibiting significant dynamics on the microsecond–millisecond time scale are located close to the two conserved disulfide bonds, suggesting that these motions may be coupled to disulfide bond isomerization.
Categorizing the Social Context of the Wildland Urban Interface: Adaptive Capacity for Wildfire and Community "Archetypes"

Understanding the local context that shapes collective response to wildfire risk continues to be a challenge for scientists and policymakers. This study utilizes and expands on a conceptual approach for understanding adaptive capacity to wildfire in a comparison of 18 past case studies. The intent is to determine whether comparison of local social context and community characteristics across cases can identify community “archetypes” that approach wildfire planning and mitigation in consistently different ways. Identification of community archetypes serves as a potential strategy for collaborating with diverse populations at risk from wildfire and designing tailored messages related to wildfire risk mitigation. Our analysis uncovered four consistent community archetypes that differ in terms of the local social context and community characteristics that continue to influence response to wildfire risk. Differences among community archetypes include local communication networks, reasons for place attachment or community identity, distrust of government, and actions undertaken to address issues of forest health and esthetics. Results indicate that the methodological approach advanced in this study can be used to draw more consistent lessons across case studies and provide the means to test different communication strategies among archetypes.
Energetic decomposition of the α-helix-coil equilibrium of a dynamic model system

Using molecular dynamics simulations to calculate free energies of molecular transformation, we have computed helix-coil transition free energies for alanine oligomers up to 14 residues long. The simulations have been done on the model in vacuo with dielectric constant, ϵ = 1, 5, 25, and ∞ and on the model in solution with explicit representation of water molecules and with partial charges on the oligomer set to zero. (The analogous simulations of the solvated model with full charges on the oligomer were reported elsewhere [L. Wang et al. (1995) Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 92, 10924-10928]). In vacuo, both entropic and electrostatic contributions oppose formation of a 3-residue helical nucleus in the helix initiation step. The entropy change opposing helix growth is found to be 3 e.u., van der Waals interactions favor helix growth by 1.9 kcal/mol, and electrostatic interactions favor helix growth by 3 kcal/mol (for ϵ = 1; all these values are per residue). In water, helix stability is slightly greater for the zero-charge model than for the full-charge model, i.e., the polypeptide's electrostatic interactions, which include hydrogen bonds, slightly destabilize the helix. The helix stabilizing contribution of the hydrophobic effect was found to be identical to that of the van der Waals interactions in vacuo (i.e., 1.9 kcal/mol per residue). The zero-charge model has nearly identical helix stability in vacuo and in water; the almost identical free energies of transfer of helix and coil state of the zero-charge oligomer from vacuum to water are found to be small. Thus, the results of this systematic variation of the force field afford a meaningful decomposition of the free energies for helix initiation and growth. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.