cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Fluctuating spin g-tensor in small metal grains

In the presence of spin-orbit scattering, the splitting of an energy level varepsilon(m) in a generic small metal grain due to the Zeeman coupling to a magnetic field B--> depends on the direction of B-->, as a result of mesoscopic fluctuations. The anisotropy is described by the eigenvalues g(2)(j) ( j = 1,2,3) of a tensor G, corresponding to the (squares of) g-factors along three principal axes. We consider the statistical distribution of G and find that the anisotropy is enhanced by eigenvalue repulsion between the g(j).
Fire resistant optical cables with special plastic coated fibers

It is important to prevent transmission loss increase of optical fiber cables during a fire and fire fighting. One of the main reasons for the loss increase in a fire is the expansion and shrinkage of polymers used in optical fiber cables. The authors have developed a fire resistant optical fiber cable by studying the behavior of coating materials and coated fibers at high temperature. Polymer types investigated are thermoplastics, engineering plastics, and UV cured plastics. The fire resistant optical fibers are coated with a polymer which rapidly produces a carbonized layer by exposure to heat. The rapid carbonizing has the effect of reducing expansion and shrinkage. Besides the coating, the coated fiber is surrounded by carbon yarn to prevent breakage of the fiber. The fire resistant optical fiber cable passed the fire test at 840°C for 30 minutes and VTFT specified IEEE 383, without any breakage of the fibers. The optical loss of the fibers scarcely changed during the tests and after the tests. This paper presents the studies of coating materials and coated fibers at high temperature, the structure and properties of the coated fiber and characteristics of the fire resistant optical fiber cable.
Modeling soil-geomorphic associations and Archaic stratigraphic sequences in the lower Ohio River valley

Abstract Adequate sampling of buried occupations in large river valleys requires an understanding of both the structure of valley fills at different scales and the properties of the archaeological record. Broad tracts of Holocene alluvium representing compound bank-side and point bars are present in the lower Ohio River valley. A substantial record of Archaic sites also exists, although certain hunter–gatherer sites from the late Wisconsin/early Holocene and middle Holocene are poorly represented, primarily because of their low archaeological visibility, especially in buried contexts. This study uses an extensive geological and archaeological base-line data set from the Caesars Archaeological Project to model soil-geomorphic relationships and Archaic stratigraphic sequences in alluvial units to better define the sampling parameters of these poorly known periods. Soil weathering properties, as reflected in soil order, are a proposed indicator of alluvium age. Radiocarbon ages from other sites in the lower Ohio River valley, which provide a test of this proposition, are found to be correlated with the order of soil series (Alfisol, Mollisol, Entisol/Inceptisol) mapped on landforms of different age. Early and late Holocene alluvium are differentially distributed in the region, a factor that may account for a better documented Early Archaic record below the Falls of the Ohio.
Experimental investigation of the dynamics of benzophenone anion solvation

Abstract The solvation of the benzophenone anion is studied in alcohols by observing the shift of the absorption spectrum of the anion. The anion is formed by pulse-radiolysis techniques. The solvation process is faster for smaller alcohols. Because the rate of change of the absorption is different at different wavelengths, the solvation process does not seem to be well described by the two-state model of solvation. The two-state model of solvation has been successful in describing the solvation of the electron in water or in alcohols at room temperature.
Avoidance of Linkage Drag Between Blast Resistance Gene and the QTL Conditioning Spikelet Fertility Based on Genotype Selection Against Heading Date in Rice

Previous study showed that a linkage drag between a blast resistance gene Pi25(t) and QTLs conditioning spikelet fertility (qSF-6) and number of filled grains per panicle (qNFGP-6) was detected on the short arm of chromosome 6. A larger population was used for further verification, and the results confirmed the linkage drag between the blast resistance gene and QTL conditioning spikelet fertility, other than QTL conditioning number of filled grains per panicle. Breakdown or avoidance of the linkage drag could be achieved by selection against the genotype background of a heading-date gene (qHD-7) that resided in the region between RM2 and RM214 on chromosome 7. For further validation, two lines with almost identical genotypes on all chromosomal regions except the Pi25(t) region on chromosome 6 were chosen to develop a new population. The results showed that qSF-6 could be further subdivided into qSF-6-1 and qSF-6-2. When the genotype of the region between RM2 and RM214 was from rice variety Zhong 156, the linkage drag between Pi25(t) and qSF-6-2 was detected and the allele of qSF-6-2 from rice variety Gumei 2 reduced the spikelet fertility. When the genotype of the region between RM2 and RM214 was from Gumei 2, no linkage drag was detected. This indicates that the linkage drag between the blast resistance gene and the QTL conditioning spikelet fertility could be broken down or avoided under a certain background genotype selection against heading-date and provides a marker aided solution for high level of blast resistance and yield breeding in rice and other crops as well.
High gradient magnetic separation of rosette-forming cells

High Gradient Magnetic Separation (HGMS) is a rapid and straightforward technique that has previously been proven effective in extracting erythrocytes from a flowing cell suspension if the red cell hemoglobin is in a paramagnetic state. In this work it was applied to the enrichment of the small population (<2%) of splenocytes from an immune mouse that bound sheep red cells to form rosettes. Samples flowed through the HGMS column in a strong magnetic field where rosettes and free sheep cells were selectively retained. These were subsequently eluted by simply removing the magnetic field. The process required 20–30 min per mouse spleen.
ANTECEDENTS OF ONLINE INFORMATION SEEKING

This paper reports on a study designed to explore individual differences in uncertainty-reducing behavior regarding new and existing friends via online information seeking (OIS). Personality traits and social context were measured by surveying a sample of 377 Facebook users. Global uncertainty had a positive relationship with active information seeking about new friends, whereas communication apprehension was associated with seeking information about existing friends. The geographic proximity of close friends and family did not affect information-seeking behavior, but those with larger strong tie networks spent more time seeking information online and were happier. These results suggest that psychological traits served as strong motives for uncertainty-reducing behavior like active OIS.
Evaluation of an industrial pilot scale densified MOF-177 adsorbent as an on-board hydrogen storage medium

Exploring and evaluating on-board solid state hydrogen storage systems performance are of great interest for fuel cell electric vehicles development. In this report, we present gravimetric and volumetric capacities of a hydrogen storage system based on a densified MOF-177 adsorbent. This is, to our knowledge, the first thorough study of an engineered industrial scale MOFs for hydrogen storage application. The measurements were performed over the 50–120 K and 0–40 bar ranges, and modeled using micropore filling approaches. The performances of a potential 100 L vessel filled with the densified MOF-177 are inferred from the modeling parameters. A comparison of this technology with the 70 MPa compressed gas hydrogen system shows under which conditions the adsorbent offer advantages in terms of volumetric and gravimetric capacities. Further comparison with AX-21 activated carbon pellets reveals that densified MOF-177 stores about 40% more at 77 K and 35 bar. In order to get a physically sound modeling analysis, we introduced an approach to establish effective saturation pressures for supercritical adsorption. This approach insures a consistency between key model parameters and the observed liquid properties of the adsorbed phase at the lowest temperatures. We show that modeling using temperature-dependent saturation pressures and adsorbed phase densities leads to important differences in the projected usable storage capacities. Such differences can be as much as 25% at 50 K in the high pressure limit, revealing the importance of physical insights in the modeling approach.
Havighurst’s Social Roles Revisited

The purpose of this exploratory research was to review, update, and revise Havighurst’s classic social role studies for their relevance in contemporary society. Based on the input of expert panels, 13 roles, Association/Club Member, Citizen, Daughter/Son, Friend, Grandparent, Home/Services Manager, Kin/Relative, Learner, Leisure Time Consumer, Parent, Religious Affiliate, Spouse/Partner, and Worker, were incorporated into an instrument to assess social role importance. The instrument was administered to a stratified, quota sample of 300 respondents. Univariate repeated-measures analysis and Dunn’s test for multiple comparisons were conducted. Perceived social role importance ratings were established for age, gender, and socio-economic status (SES) groupings. The Friend role and a cluster of family-associated roles received the highest overall ratings. Many roles appeared to have a distinct age-related factor. SES differences, particularly among the lowest level, were also significant in many roles.
Hydrogen reduction of cobalt ferrite

The kinetics of reduction of cobalt ferrite by hydrogen as a function of reduction temperature and pressure have been measured by thermogravimetric analysis. A minimum in the rate as a function of temperature has been observed and its cause attributed to the formation of a cobalt-wiistite subscale at higher reduction temperatures. A mathematical model, based on one derived by Spitzer, Manning, and Philbrook,1 has been used to interpret the results in terms of the rate constants for the individual steps in the reaction. Optical microscopy has been used to characterize the morphology of the reduction product and, additionally, partially reduced single crystals of cobalt ferrite have been examined by transmission electron microscopy to characterize the microstructure of the reaction interface. A fine network of pores in the reduced scale was shown to allow the reducing and product gases to reach the immediate vicinity of the chemical reaction. The structure of the porosity and consequently the effective gaseous diffusion coefficient in the scale were both shown to be functions of the reduction temperature and pressure. The interface reaction was shown to follow Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetics. A model was developed to explain such kinetics by incorporating a solid-state diffusion step. Such a step was considered necessary to explain the development of the observed microstructures. An ‘incubation time’ for the development of a continuous cobalt-wustite subscale at higher reduction temperatures was attributed to the different growth kinetics for the spinel-metal and spinel-wustite interfaces.
Determination of the Time Constants of Integrating Spheres Using Monte Carlo Simulation

where p; 1⁄2, and 1 are the pressure, density, and viscosity; H and h are the stagnation and static enthalpy; Pr is the Prandtl number; and RN is the nose radius. The subscripts t2 denote stagnation conditions downstream of a normal shock,w the surface conditions, t the stagnation-point value, and 1 the freestream conditions. The analysis yields P qt;ref D 26:2 W/cm2 § 3%. Thus, the experimental valueswerewithin 11%from theoryandwithin acceptableaccuracy margins.
Possible reduction of surface charge by a mutation in Paramecium tetraurelia

Under voltage clamp, a mutant ofParamecium tetraurelia (teaB) shows a shift in the positive direction of the voltage sensitivity of the Ca conductance and the depolarization inactivation curve by 10 mV with no change in the total conductance. This effect can be mimicked in the wild type by the addition of external Ca2+ or Mg2+. The mutation also shifts the resting potential and the voltage sensitivities of the delayed rectification (depolarization-sensitive) K conductance and the anomalous rectification (hyperpolarization-sensitive) K conductance in the positive direction to a similar extent. This systematic shift of channel voltage sensitivities is best explained by the reduction of the surface negative charges of the membrane due to the mutation.
Oxidized apurinic/apyrimidinic sites formed in DNa by oxidative mutagens

Abstract Treatmetn of DNa with any of several agents, including ionizing radiation, hydrogen peroxide, bleomycin, neocarzinostatin and the copper (I) chelate complex of 1,10-phenantroline, produces apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites containing oxidized deoxyribose moieties. These AP sites, which are formed by specific or nonspecific free-radical attack on deoxyribose, have been shown to involve oxidation of deoxyribose at the C-1′, C-2′ or C-4′ position. Oxidized AP sites are generally more susceptible to chemical cleavage than normal AP sites, but are in some cases resistant to cleavage by repair AP endonucleases. Nearly all of the AP sites produced by neocarzinostatin, and a fraction of those produced by bleomycin, are accompanied by closely opposed breaks in the complementary strand. Sequence specificity data strongly implicate oxidized AP sites in neocarzinostatin-induced mutagenesis. The role of AP sites in mutagenesis by the other oxidative mutagens is less clear, although there is in some cases suggestive evidence for such a role.
Riesz pyramids for fast phase-based video magnification

We present a new compact image pyramid representation, the Riesz pyramid, that can be used for real-time phase-based motion magnification. Our new representation is less overcomplete than even the smallest two orientation, octave-bandwidth complex steerable pyramid, and can be implemented using compact, efficient linear filters in the spatial domain. Motion-magnified videos produced with this new representation are of comparable quality to those produced with the complex steerable pyramid. When used with phase-based video magnification, the Riesz pyramid phase-shifts image features along only their dominant orientation rather than every orientation like the complex steerable pyramid.
High 3He/4He ratios in the Manus backarc basin: Implications for mantle mixing and the origin of plumes in the western Pacific Ocean

Helium isotope ratios in oceanic glasses provide a high-integrity tracer of contributions from mantle plumes. Despite a diverse array of petrogenetic affinities, glasses from the central part of the Manus Basin—a backarc basin in the western Pacific—have typical plume (or hotspot) 3 He/ 4 He ratios that cluster around 12.2 R A (±1.0 R A n =18, where R A = 3 He/ 4 He of air), a value significantly higher than the range found in most mid-ocean-ridge basalts (MORB) ([8 ± 1] A ). Lavas in other parts of the basin have MORB-like or lower 3 He/ 4 He values. A wide range of He concentrations characterizes the Manus Basin glasses: This is considered to reflect the high water content of some lavas, which promotes He loss through volatile degassing. For the most part, it is the degassed lavas that do not show the plume He isotope signature. Results of the present study, together with 3 He/ 4 He data for lavas and gases from islands to the south and east of the Bismark Sea, indicate that the focus of mantle plume upwelling is either the center of the Manus Basin or possibly the region to the northwest beneath the volcanic islands of the St. Andrew Strait. This region of plume or hotspot 3 He/ 4 He ratios coincides with a domain of anomalously low seismic velocities at the underlying core-mantle boundary, and indicates that the provenance of high- 3 He/ 4 He magmas in the Manus Basin (and possibly elsewhere) is linked to this boundary layer—either by plume entrainment of lower mantle or, more speculatively, through addition of material from the core-mantle boundary.
Re-Appropriating Sacred Space: Medieval Jews and Muslims Seeking Elijah and Al-Khadir1

This study suggests a number of ways in which Jews and Muslims venerated the Prophet Elijah and his Islamic counterpart al-Khadir in the Near Eastern context from the twelfth through seventeenth centuries. In invoking the Prophet, devotees sought to reclaim and rediscover the sacred in tradition and physically and ritually represent it. The discussion first focuses on the depiction of the shrines of Elijah in Jewish travel itineraries. The profound experience of the fourteenth-century Karaite scribe and poet Moses b. Samuel at a shrine of the Prophet is testament to his widespread veneration among Damascene Jews. This is followed by a discussion of a number of Muslim shrines of al-Khadir and two unique thirteenth-century biographical accounts. The first is of the Sufi saint Abu Bakr b. Fityan al-Arawdakis (d. 672/ 1273 C.E.) grandfather Ma'bad who sometime during the twelfth century encounters the Prophet in his sleep. The second is of Khumartash 'Abd Allah al-Bajanī al-Turkī, an Aleppan soldier who renounces his evil ways after seeing al-Khadir in a series of dream encounters. Both these men's visions result in the construction of shrines dedicated to the Prophet in Syria.
DNA barcoding in the cycadales: testing the potential of proposed barcoding markers for species identification of cycads.

Barcodes are short segments of DNA that can be used to uniquely identify an unknown specimen to species, particularly when diagnostic morphological features are absent. These sequences could offer a new forensic tool in plant and animal conservation—especially for endangered species such as members of the Cycadales. Ideally, barcodes could be used to positively identify illegally obtained material even in cases where diagnostic features have been purposefully removed or to release confiscated organisms into the proper breeding population. In order to be useful, a DNA barcode sequence must not only easily PCR amplify with universal or near-universal reaction conditions and primers, but also contain enough variation to generate unique identifiers at either the species or population levels. Chloroplast regions suggested by the Plant Working Group of the Consortium for the Barcode of Life (CBoL), and two alternatives, the chloroplast psbA-trnH intergenic spacer and the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nrITS), were tested for their utility in generating unique identifiers for members of the Cycadales. Ease of amplification and sequence generation with universal primers and reaction conditions was determined for each of the seven proposed markers. While none of the proposed markers provided unique identifiers for all species tested, nrITS showed the most promise in terms of variability, although sequencing difficulties remain a drawback. We suggest a workflow for DNA barcoding, including database generation and management, which will ultimately be necessary if we are to succeed in establishing a universal DNA barcode for plants.
A messy necessary end: Health care proxies need our support

Objective: To promote development of written advance directives and appointment of a proxy for health care by patients who are under the care of a neurologist. Background: Since 1989, the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) has endorsed but not actively promoted advance directives. In the years since publication of the Study to Understand Prognoses and Preferences for Outcomes and Risks of Treatments (SUPPORT), much published material has contradicted the notion that creating advance directives offers patients a useful means of extending their autonomy. Methods: The author reviewed the post-SUPPORT literature, in which numerous articles criticize and others continue to uphold the use of advance directives. He also conducted a pilot study concerning the health care proxy. Additionally, he reexamined his experiences as an ethics consultant, mindful of the medical literature unfavorable to advance directives, to challenge his own opinion that creating directives and appointing a health care proxy are valuable activities for all adults to engage in and for neurologists to promote. Results: Very few articles focus on advance directives and neurology. This literature is not present in neurology specialty journals. Only two of the five neurologists approached by the author were positive about advance directives and collaborated fully in the pilot study. Reviewing his experiences provided the author with numerous examples of the actual or potential usefulness of health care proxies. Conclusions: Increasing the advance directives literature in neurology specialty journals may lead to the creation of health care documents by more neurologic patients and development of innovative ways of extending the autonomy of previously competent individuals. The author has recently formed a volunteer organization, Patient Advocates to Preserve Autonomy (PAPA), to increase effectiveness of advance directives. It is hoped that the reservations of some neurologists about advance directives and proxy decision-making may be lessened if they improve their knowledge of the subject and convince themselves that addressing it is one of the obligations attendant on providing “principal care” for many of their patients. The focus initially needs to be on attitudes, rather than methods. However, this pilot study showed that a passive approach is ineffective. A campaign within the AAN to promote advance directives as an aspect of principal care would be helpful. Patients who have lost the capacity to make their own health care decisions often benefit from advance directives and, especially, from having an appointed health care proxy. Those benefits may improve if patient, proxy, and physician are carefully prepared for their roles.
A survey of color graphics printing: User needs for permanent copies of charts, graphs, and other illustrations are growing rapidly, and the technology is catching up to meet the demand

The requirements posed for color printers by various applications are discussed, and the remaining mechanical problems are described. The various types of printers available are examined, and their advantages and disadvantages discussed.
Oviposition site selection by the dengue vector Aedes aegypti and its implications for dengue control.

Background Because no dengue vaccine or antiviral therapy is commercially available, controlling the primary mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti, is currently the only means to prevent dengue outbreaks. Traditional models of Ae. aegypti assume that population dynamics are regulated by density-dependent larval competition for food and little affected by oviposition behavior. Due to direct impacts on offspring survival and development, however, mosquito choice in oviposition site can have important consequences for population regulation that should be taken into account when designing vector control programs.
Image edge enhancement with two cascaded acousto-optic cells with contrapropagating sound

Basic real-time programmable image-processing operations are accomplished by use of acousto-optic (AO) cells. Instead of frequency-plane filters, the AO cells are placed directly behind the object. The one-dimensional edge-enhancement results with one AO cell can be improved by use of two AO cells that are placed in tandem with contrapropagating sound. The dominant second-derivative operation obtained from the transfer function of the undiffracted order works like a one-dimensional Laplacian operator that enables improved edge enhancement.
Viral leukemia: increased thymidine assimilation.

Dans les splenocytes leucemiques le virus de Friend a provoque l'entre d'une quantite de thymidine dans le pool intracellulaire acide-soluble 5 fois plus grande que celle des splenocytes de souris normale.
Determination of xanomeline (LY246708 tartrate), an investigational agent for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, in rat and monkey plasma by capillary gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection

A GC method is described for the determination of xanomeline (LY246708 tartrate) and selected metabolites in rat and monkey plasma. The analytes, including an internal standard, were extracted from plasma at basic pH with hexane. The organic extract was evaporated to dryness and the residue was reconstituted in hexane. The analytes were separated from metabolites and endogenous substances using a DB1701 capillary column. The analytes were detected using nitrogen-phosphorus detection (NPD). The limit of quantitation was determined to be 8 ng/ml, and the response was linear from 8 to 800 ng/ml. The method has been successfully applied to rat and monkey samples pursuant to the development of xanomeline as an agent for the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
The use of meta-analysis to assess the clinical significance of behavior therapy for agoraphobia

Meta-analysis was used to evaluate the clinical significance of behavior therapy for agoraphobia. Three issues were addressed: (a) extent of similarity between posttreatment, self-reported adjustment of adults with agoraphobic symptoms and level of symptoms in two nonclinical samples; (b) extent of similarity at follow-up between the clinic and nonclinic samples; and (c) dimensions of treatment, therapists, or study design associated with clinical significance. Normative data were obtained on the Fear Questionnaire (FQ) (the most frequently used outcome measure in the literature) from both collegiate and community samples. Nineteen outcome studies using the FQ were located, from which 39 effect sizes were calculated. The results indicated that behavior therapy produces clinically significant outcomes (as measured by self-report), that these outcomes are well-maintained at follow-up, and that treatments involving exposure were associated with greater improvement. We discuss the appropriateness of different norms for agoraphobia, and we urge researchers to examine directly the clinical significance of outcomes in original studies and to employ standardized, well-accepted measures across the three anxiety measurement channels so that more valid estimates of clinical significance, aggregated across studies, can be accomplished.
Potential Approach for Fractionating Oxygenated Aromatic Compounds from Renewable Resources

Various oxygenated aromatic compounds (OACs) could be obtained from renewable resources if separations were available to fractionate the complex mixtures. We examined adsorption for the fractionation of OACs into (i) acids, (ii) phenols, (iii) alcohols, and (iv) compounds lacking hydrogen-bond donating ability. Specifically, we studied adsorption from a nonpolar solvent onto a neutral acrylic ester sorbent. The acid, 3-phenylpropionic acid, exists in hexane as monomers and self-associated (e.g., dimeric) species. Phenomenological evidence indicates that monomers can adsorb but that adsorption competes with solution-phase dimerization. Previous studies indicate that phenols and alcohols adsorb through a hydrogen-bonding mechanism, while OACs lacking hydrogen-bond donating ability (i.e. aldehydes, ketones, esters, and ethers) adsorb weakly. Isotherms show that these four classes of OACs adsorb with significantly different affinities. Desorption is achieved by exploiting deprotonation reactions in an aqueous...
Efficient implementations of edge localization algorithms

Edges in grayscale digital imagery are detected by localizing the zero crossings of filtered data. To achieve this objective, truncated time or frequency sampled forms (TSF/FSF) of the Laplacian-of-Gaussian (LOG) filter are employed in the transform domain. Samples of the image are transformed using the discrete symmetric cosine transform (DSCT) prior to adaptive filtering and the isolation of zero crossings. This paper evaluates an adaptive block-wise filtering procedure based on the FSF of the LOG filter which diminishes the edge localization error, emphasizes the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) around the edge, and extends easily to higher dimensions. Theoretical expressions and applications to digital images are presented.
Intraoperative electromyographic monitoring of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in reoperative thyroid and parathyroid surgery.

Background Injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is a rare complication of initial thyroid and parathyroid surgery, but the prevalence is much higher in the reoperative setting. The use of continuous, intraoperative electromyographic monitoring of the RLN has been suggested to improve the safety of cervical explorations. Methods Outcomes of a group of reoperative thyroid and parathyroid cases that used EMG monitoring with endoscopically applied hook-wire electrodes were compared with a group of cervical reoperations without monitoring. Office laryngoscopy (indirect or fiberoptic) was used to evaluate and follow suspected RLN complications. Results Electromyography was used in 52 cervical reexploration procedures. Patients averaged 1.8 previous explorations (range, 1-7 explorations) and underwent procedures for parathyroid (31%) and/or thyroid (77%) disease (overall, 72% malignant). The nonmonitored group had 59 patients with similar characteristics. Only 1 permanent nerve complication in each group was unintended (electromyography, 1.9%; non-electromyography, 1.7%). Seven false-negative and 2 false-positive electromyographic findings occurred. No complications resulted from placement of the electromyography electrodes. Conclusions Intraoperative electromyographic monitoring of the RLN in reoperative neck surgery can be performed safely but did not decrease RLN complications in this study. Experience and routine nerve exposure remain crucial to the minimization of RLN complications.
Peripheral Vascular Complication from Coronary Angiography: a Case Report of Cholesterol Embolization

A 65-year-old man developed acute limb ischemia, severe abdominal wall and lower limb livedo reticularis following a coronary angiogram. The differential diagnoses of acute limb ischemia and multiple cholesterol emboli syndrome (MCES) are discussed.
GLOBAL FLUCTUATIONS FOR LINEAR STATISTICS OF β-JACOBI ENSEMBLES

We study the global fluctuations for linear statistics of the form as n → ∞, for C1 functions f, and λ1, …, λn being the eigenvalues of a (general) β-Jacobi ensemble. The fluctuation from the mean turns out to be given asymptotically by a Gaussian process. We compute the covariance matrix for the process and show that it is diagonalized by a shifted Chebyshev polynomial basis; in addition, we analyze the deviation from the predicted mean for polynomial test functions, and we obtain a law of large numbers.
Hymenopterous Parasites of Coleophora Pruniella Cl., and Parasites Recorded from Other Species of Coleophora

The Cherry case bearer, Coleophora pruniella , is a native of the United States and has been known to taxonomists since 1861 when it was first described by Clemens (2) from cases found on wild cherry, its native host plant. Within recent years it has become a serious pest of cultivated cherry and apple in certain sections of the United States and in the vicinity of Quebec, Canada.
Suppression of conductance fluctuation in weakly disordered mesoscopic graphene samples near the charge neutral point

We measured the conductance fluctuation of bilayer and trilayer graphene devices, which were prepared on mechanically exfoliated graphene by an all-dry, lithography-free process by using an ultrathin quartz filament as a shadow mask. Reproducible fluctuations in conductance as a function of applied gate voltage or magnetic field were found. As the gate voltage was tuned so that the graphene device was pushed to the charge neutral point, the amplitude of the conductance fluctuation was found to be quickly suppressed from a value that is consistent with universal conductance fluctuation when the devices were still well within the weakly disordered regime. The possible physical origins of the suppression are discussed.
Fibre-optic variable delay lines

A technique is presented for fabricating large numbers of evanescently coupled taps on a single-mode fibre. An output fibre can be adjusted between any of the taps, resulting in a discretely variable delay. The concept was demonstrated with a 7 tap device which had a 2.5 ns delay between taps and a tap uniformity of ± 1.6 dB. A technique for making continuously variable delay lines is presented.
Injected testosterone fails to influence schedule-induced attack

Three pigeons attacked a rear-projected conspecific target during exposure to a response-independent Fixed-Time 120 sec (FT 120 sec) and food delivery schedule. After baseline attack rates were established, subjects experienced two conditions in which they received injections (IM) of testosterone (10 mg and 20 mg; 100 mg/ml, in suspension) twenty minutes before session start. No concomitant change in attack rate or temporal location of attack was observed. Findings support observations suggesting that social context is an important determiner of the effects of testosterone on aggressive behavior.
A model for the effect of aggregation on short term load forecasting

In this work, we propose a simple empirical scaling law that describes load forecasting accuracy at different levels of aggregation. We show that for the short term forecasting problem, aggregating more users will improve the relative forecasting performance up to a point. Beyond this point, no more improvement in relative performance can be obtained.
Somatomedin-C binding to cultured human fibroblasts is dependent on donor age and culture density.

Cultured fibroblasts have been used extensively to study age-related changesin the cellular response to serum stimulation. Since somatomedin-C (Sm-C) is an importantgrowth factor in serum, wedetermined if there were age-related changes in Sm-C fibroblast receptor number or affinity and if culture density influenced these changes. Skin fibroblasts were obtained from six normal donors in three separate agegroups and tested fortheir capacity tobind Sm-C. Sparse cultures(10-15K cells⁄well) derived from fetal donors hadanaffinity for Sm-C that was 4.7-fold greater than that of cultures derived from elderly (74-96 yr old) donors [9.4 ± 0.2(±SD)compared to 2.0 ± 0.2 × 1010 M-1]). When grown to high density (60-100K cells/ well), the affinity ofthe fetal cultures was significantly reduced t o 2.2± 0.2 × 1010M-1(P < 0.001) andwas not significantly different from the affinity ofhigh density elderly donor cultures (2.3 ± 0.4 × 1010 M-1).Intermediate agedonors (3-14yr old) also hadasignificant reduction inreceptor af...
Suicide Inactivation of Thioether S-Methyltransferase by Ethyl Vinyl Sulfide†

Thioether S-methyltransferase is an important enzyme in the metabolism of sulfur and selenium-containing compounds in animals. Ethyl vinyl sulfide was previously shown to be a substrate for this en...
On Stream Splitting in Separation System Sequencing

For a separation system producing multicomponent products, stream splitting besides stream bypassing has long been recognized as a technique that always reduces total mass load (TML) and should always be preferred over sequential processing. Nevertheless, our preliminary analysis has indicated that stream splitting can increase TML under certain circumstances which, in turn, may increase the cost of the system; furthermore, even when stream splitting reduces TML, it may increase the mass load of one or more difficult separations and increase the cost of the system. An exhaustive parametric study of a class of relatively simple problems is performed in this work to reveal the impact of stream splitting on the sequencing of separation systems. Some significant observations have been made, and some guidelines have been established for evolutionarily improving separation system sequencing involving stream splitting.
Plant species richness in ephemeral and perennial reaches of a dryland river

Ephemeral reaches are common along desert rivers but are less well studied than those with perennial stream flow. This study contrasted riparian plant species richness and composition (extant vegetation and soil seed bank) between stream reaches with different low-flow conditions (perennial vs. ephemeral flow) but similar flood patterns and similar watershed-derived species pools. Data were collected at Cienega Creek (Arizona, USA) over a 2 year period spanning drought conditions and wetter conditions. Consistent with expectations relating to water limitation effects on diversity, species richness in the riparian zone was lower at ephemeral-flow sites during a season with minimal precipitation and no overbank flooding; under these conditions, the more permanent water sources of the perennial-flow sites sustain the larger number of species. During seasons with greater precipitation and elevated stream flows, in contrast, species richness at ephemeral-flow sites increased to levels at or slightly above those of perennial-flow sites. For values pooled across two wet seasons of a calendar year, year-round richness was greater at the two ephemeral-flow sites (total of 92 vascular plant species) than at the two perennial-flow sites (68 species). This greater year-round richness was a combination of multiple factors: greater light, space, and bare ground, a diverse soil seed bank (with the seed banks equally species-rich among hydrologic types), and moderately abundant precipitation and flooding sufficient to stimulate establishment of opportunistic species (mainly annuals) during the bimodal wet seasons. These results indicate that long-term patterns of site water availability, by influencing woody plant cover, mediate the diversity response to episodic water pulses in dryland rivers. The results also have implications for riparian conservation efforts, which to date have focused primarily on perennial stream reaches: ephemeral reaches of spatially intermittent rivers harbor many riparian plant species, and warrant conservation efforts, as well.
Colloidal aluminum and iron in seawater: An intercomparison between various cross-flow ultrafiltration systems

Abstract Aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe) were measured on samples from 13 different cross-flow ultrafiltration (CFF) systems representing five manufacturers at both Colloid Intercomparison experiments conducted in August 1994, at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute (WHOI), Massachusetts, and January 1995 in Kona, Hawaii. Most systems displayed characteristics of contamination for Al and scavenging of Fe. No correlation was found between these artifacts and filter type. The percent of the colloidal fraction associated with Al and Fe was calculated, but showed that, for Al, Amicons tended to retain more of this fraction than did the Filtrons, Osmonics or Membrex systems tested. The percentage of colloidal Al identified in the Pacific Ocean sample ranged from
Establishment of B-Cell Lines Latently Infected with Reactivation-Competent Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68 Provides Evidence for Viral Alteration of a DNA Damage-Signaling Cascade

Gammaherpesvirus 68 (γHV68, or MHV68) is a naturally occurring rodent pathogen that replicates to high titer in cell culture and is amenable to in vivo experimental evaluation of viral and host determinants of gammaherpesvirus disease. However, the inability of MHV68 to transform primary murine B cells in culture, the absence of a robust cell culture latency system, and the paucity of MHV68-positive tumor cell lines have limited an understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which MHV68 modulates the host cell during latency and reactivation. To facilitate a more complete understanding of viral and host determinants that regulate MHV68 latency and reactivation in B cells, we generated a recombinant MHV68 virus that encodes a hygromycin resistance protein fused to enhanced green fluorescent protein as a means to select cells in culture that harbor latent virus. We utilized this virus to infect the A20 murine mature B-cell line and evaluate reactivation competence following treatment with diverse stimuli to reveal viral gene expression, DNA replication, and production of progeny virions. Comparative analyses of parental and infected A20 cells indicated a correlation between infection and alterations in DNA damage signaling following etoposide treatment. The data described in this study highlight the potential utility of this new cell culture-based system to dissect molecular mechanisms that regulate MHV68 latency and reactivation, as well as having the potential of illuminating biochemical alterations that contribute to gammaherpesvirus pathogenesis. In addition, such cell lines may be of value in evaluating targeted therapies to gammaherpesvirus-related tumors.
The price of dental care.

By exploring the somewhat uncharted aspects of the cost of dental care, based on the data now available, Barish and Barish have produced an interesting prediction of what costs might be with trained auxiliaries for readers of the Summer Issue of the Journal.
Oxygen flow rates through a non–rebreathing system for feline anaesthesia

The effect of varying oxygen flow rates through a non–rebreathing system during halothane aneasthesia was studied in cats. Flow rates of 100% oxygen were varied between 500 ml/min and 31/min in cats averaging 2–4 kg. Neither hypoxaemia nor hypercarbia developed at any of the flow rates. Mild metabolic acidosis was present at all flow rates. Ventilatory effort at 500 ml/min appeared to be laboured and airway pressures oscillated widely. A flow rate of one 1/min appears to be adequate for pulmonary function of these anaesthetized cats.
On A Generalization of Hecke ϑ-Functions and the Analytic Proof of Higher Reciprocity Laws

Abstract In the 1920s Hecke posed the problem of providing the analytic proof of the reciprocity law for the mth power residue symbol, along the same lines as his proof of relative quadratic reciprocity. We show that a naive approach, based on a suggestive way of generalizing Hecke ϑ-functions, leads to a possibly insurmountable obstacle. However, the generalized ϑ-series we introduce do possess very interesting properties in their own right, including connections with a family of Cauchy-Euler differential equations.
Apical sodium dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT, SLC10A2): a potential prodrug target.

A major hurdle impeding the successful clinical development of drug candidates can be poor intestinal permeability. Low intestinal permeability may be enhanced by a prodrug approach targeting membr...
A Computer Program to Calculate Regression Equations on Any of Several Types of Factor Scores

Several advantages to the use of different kinds of factor scores as independent variables in a multiple regression equation are reported. To aid the researcher in implementing these results, a FORTRAN IV computer program is presented which will calculate a regression equation on any one of five types of "complete" factor scores, or on any one of four types of "incomplete" factor scores without the laborious process of actually calculating the factor scores. All usual multiple regression information as well as a test of independence for the factor score intercorrelation matrix is output. Documentation is provided.
Wrap-around type switch for ATM

Proposes a new wrap-around type switch structure based on omega networks. Their uniform interconnection pattern and symmetrical structure helps design a so-called wrap-around switch, The new switch deploys a self-routing mechanism between the input and the output ports. Another characteristic of the switch is the packet filters which are located right in front of the switch elements (SEs). This filtering operation greatly reduces the traffic in the switch fabric by allowing the incoming cells to reach their destination ports without going further in the network.
Relationship Between Anatomical and Metabolic Responses to Soil Waterlogging in the Coastal Grass Spartina patens

In order to relate root aerenchyma development to changes in anaerobic metabolism, time-course experiments were conducted, using Spartina patens, the dominant macrophyte of coastal wetlands in Louisiana, to determine if increases in aerenchyma volume were accompanied by declines in anaerobic metabolism (as indicated by ADH activity) in floaded roots
President Bush and Hurricane Katrina: A Presidential Leadership Study

Hurricane Katrina raised many concerns about presidential management of megadisasters. President George W. Bush has been criticized, and has personally accepted blame, for the failures and shortcomings of governmental response to this disaster. This work draws from government documents and public affairs information to analyze the facts of the event, the policies and organizational alignments in place before the disaster, and the president’s performance. This study concludes that how presidents lead, manage federal officials, cope with the news media, address federal-state relations, set the boundaries of civil-military relations, define their policy agendas, and choose political appointees for responsible posts all contribute to their ability, or inability, to address the demands imposed by disasters and catastrophes. In some respects, political, policy, and managerial decisions made by the president and his administration before the disaster seriously impeded the federal government’s ability to mitigate...
EXAFS study of atomic structure and relaxation phenomena in amorphous Tb20Fe80

Abstract We have used EXAFS to investigate the local atomic structure and its change with annealing for amorphous, sputtered Tb20Fe80 alloy films. The structural and magnetic properties of these materials are of particular current interest because of applications for magneto-optic storage which require well controlled magnetic anisotropy. The major result from the Tb LIII and Fe K EXAFS measurements on Tb20Fe80 alloy films is that the distribution of Tb Fe nearest neighbor distances is significantly broader than the distribution of Fe Fe nearest neighbor distances. Annealing at 200C for 20h, which reduces magnetic anisotropy by about 50%, slightly alters both Tb and Fe environments. Annealing at 400C for 2h causes much more drastic structural changes: precipitation of crystalline, bcc Fe; major change of the near neighbor environment of Tb; and increase of the Tb LIII edge energy by about 1 eV.
Join the Conversation: Show Your Library's Google Scholar and Book Search Expertise

SUMMARY Offering workshops on Google Scholar and Google Book Search, and including them in library instruction sessions, gives librarians a new opportunity to connect with their user communities. By adopting and marketing these and similar databases, librarians can open up new avenues of research for their users, both in Google's domain and in the realm of more traditional library research.
Response of purified chick motoneurons to myotube conditioned medium: Laminin is essential for the substratum-binding, neurite outgrowth-promoting activity

Purified motoneurons from chick, cultured on polycationic substrata treated with myotube-conditioned (MCM), respond by rapidly extending neurites. When MCM, partially purified by salt precipitation and ion-exchange chromatography, was fractionated on Sepharose CL-4B, the peak of neurite outgrowth-promoting activity (NOPA) corresponded to a peak of laminin (LA) immunoreactivity. Fractions from this peak contained a protein band that comigrated with an LA standard on sodium dodecyl sulfate gels. Antibodies to LA immunoprecipitated all motoneuron NOPA from MCM, and the specifically immunoprecipitated material comigrated with LA in both reducing and non-reducing gels. It thus appears that LA in MCM is essential for the ability of this conditioned medium to promote motoneuron neurite outgrowth.