cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Comparison of bovine jugular vein with pulmonary homograft conduits in children less than 2 years of age.

Objectives: The optimal pulmonary valved conduit for infants and small children remains controversial. This report compares the initial insertion outcome of small caliber bovine jugular vein (BJV) (12—14 mm) with pulmonary homografts (PHs) (10—15 mm) in patients under age 2. Methods: From December 1998 to August 2009, 84 children (mean age 8.4 8.5 months) received BJV (n = 51) or PH (n = 32) conduits. Mean Z score for BJV was 2.2 (range:0.8 to 3.3) and for PH 2.1 (range: 0.8—4.2;P = 0.2). The two cohorts were similar with respect to age, BSA, conduit indication, bypass and cross-clamp time. Graft dysfunction is defined as right ventricular outflow tract obstruction with peak echo-Doppler gradient >40 mmHg and/or grade III/IV conduit valve regurgitation. Graft failure is defined as need for conduit replacement or need for catheter or surgical re-intervention. Follow-up was greater in number in homografts (BJV, 4.4 3.0 years vs PH, 5.9 3.6 years; P = 0.05). Results: Early and late mortality were similar (BJV, 80%; PH 88%; P = 0.55). No death was graft related. Freedom from dysfunction was improved at 5 and 10 yearswithBJV(BJV, 90%at85%vs PH,71%and24%P < 0.05).ConduitfailuretrendedhigherinthePHcohortat5 and10years(BJV, 85%and67%vs PH, 75% and 45%; P = 0.06). Freedom from explantation was significantly better for BJV patients (BJV, 85% vs PH, 47% P < 0.001. Freedom from distal conduit stenosiswas similar (BJV, 52% vs PH,44%P = 0.36).Conclusions:This studysuggests that the early performance of small BJV may be more advantageous than homografts. A BJV conduit is an appropriate first choice for conduit replacement in patients less than 2 years of age. # 2010 European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Failure of children with asthma to respond to daily aspirin therapy.

Abstract Adverse reactions to aspirin in asthmatic patients have been widely described in the past. In contrast to this more frequent complication, several authors have published reports suggesting that aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can improve asthma. We studied the effect of long-term aspirin administration in children with moderately severe asthma. Ten children who showed no immediate effect of aspirin challenge (either adverse or beneficial) were placed in a 9 wk, double-blind crossover study, receiving aspirin (10 gr twice daily) or placebo for 4 wk, then a 1 wk washout period, followed by aspirin or placebo for 4 wk. There was no difference between aspirin and placebo periods in number of wheezing episodes, frequency of additional bronchodilator or prednisone use, or daily spirometric measurements. Serum thromboxane B 2 levels were significantly reduced during aspirin therapy (p
Relationships Among Ethical Climates, Perceived Organizational Support, and Intent-to-Leave for Licensed Nurses in Skilled Nursing Facilities:

This study tests a model that examines the effects of ethical climates and perceived organizational support on licensed nurses’ intent to leave through job satisfaction and organizational commitment. A cross-sectional survey design was implemented. Three hundred and fifty nine skilled nursing facilities were selected in the midwestern United States. While a total of 110 facilities (31%) agreed to participate, responses were received from nurses representing 100 of those facilities (28%). A total of 656 usable questionnaires were returned of the 3,060 distributed—a 21.4% response rate. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and hierarchical regression analyses were used.The explained variance of intent to leave was 53%, with six major determinants: commitment, job satisfaction, years in facility, instrumental climate, age group, and facility ownership type. Commitment completely mediated the relationship between perceived organizational support and intent to leave. Findings suggest that organizationa...
Structural Characterization of the Intermolecular Interactions of Synapse-associated Protein-97 with the NR2B Subunit of N-Methyl-d-aspartate Receptors

Abstract The synapse-associated protein-97 (SAP97) is important in the proper trafficking and cell surface maintenance of the N-methyl-d-aspartate ionotropic glutamate receptor. The molecular scaffold/receptor interaction is mediated by the association of the C terminus of the NR2B subunit of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor with the PDZ domains of SAP97. Here, we characterize the binding of the C terminus of NR2B with the PDZ domains of SAP97 and determine the structure of the PDZ1-NR2B complex employing high-resolution NMR. Based on fluorescence anisotropy, the NR2B subunit binds to the first and second PDZ domains of SAP97, with higher affinity for PDZ2; no appreciable binding to PDZ3 could be measured. The structural features of the NR2B bound to PDZ1 is consistent with the canonical PDZ-binding motif with the glutamic acid at the -3 position of the C terminus (i.e. -E-S-D-V) interacting with the β2/β3 loop. Two sites within the loop of PDZ1 were replaced with the corresponding residue from PDZ2, D243G and P245Q. The former mutation, designed to remove a possible Coulombic repulsion between E-3(NR2B) and Asp-243 (PDZ1) has only a minimal effect on binding. The P245Q mutation leads to a 2-fold increase in binding affinity of NR2B, approaching that observed for wild-type PDZ2. These results indicate that modification of the β2/β3 loop provides an avenue for regulating the ligand specificity of PDZ domains.
QUIVERS, LONG EXACT SEQUENCES AND HORN TYPE INEQUALITIES II

We give necessary and sufficient inequalities for the exis- tence of long exact sequences of m finite abelian p-groups with fixed iso- morphy types. This problem is related to some generalized Littlewood- Richardson coefficients that we define in this paper. We also show how this problem is related to eigenvalues of Hermitian matrices satisfying certain (in)equalities. When m = 3, we recover the Horn type inequal- ities that solve the saturation conjecture for Littlewood-Richardson co- efficients and Horn's conjecture.
Investigation into the effectiveness of the JLab High Pressure Rinse system

As part of a study to reduce field emission in superconducting radio frequency cavities, an investigation into the effectiveness of the Jefferson Lab's High Pressure Rinse (HPR) system is underway. This paper describes discoveries from this investigation, the procedural changes made during this investigation, current vertical test results and further plans for improvements and monitoring.
The Tarski T-Schema is a tautology (literally)

The Tarski T-Schema has a propositional version. If we use ϕ as a metavariable for formulas and use terms of the form that-ϕ to denote propositions, then the propositional version of the T-Schema is: that-ϕ is true if and only if ϕ. For example, that Cameron is Prime Minister is true if and only if Cameron is Prime Minister. If that-ϕ is represented formally as [λ ϕ], then the T-Schema can be represented as the 0-place case of λ-Conversion. If we interpret [λ…] as a truth-functional context, then using traditional logical techniques, one can prove that the propositional version of the T-Schema is a tautology, literally. Given how well-accepted these logical techniques are, we conclude that the T-Schema, in at least one of its forms, is a not just a logical truth but a tautology at that.
Patterns of Disturbed Behavior in a Supermax Population

Results of a systematic survey of the clinical status of supermax residents, showing the association of mental health issues with disruptive behavior, are followed by eight brief case studies. The ...
Diagnostic Issues in Eating Disorders: Two Cases of Atypical Eating Disorder

Two cases with significant eating disturbances are described. Both possess several characteristic symptoms of anorexia but lack a primary drive for thinness or body image disturbances. Similarly, neither engaged in recurrent episodes of binge eating which is typical of bulimia. The authors propose the differential diagnoses of atypical eating disorder rather than conversion disorder as a more descriptive and accurate diagnostic label.
A fast ATM rerouting algorithm for networks with unreliable links

Current and proposed wideband networks are envisioned to be implemented using highly reliable physical links, i.e. optical fiber. These networks are expected to be well-behaved and subject to low bit error rates. However, not all wideband networks will be implemented using such links. Some networks, such as military theater networks and commercial mobile networks, will utilize radio frequency links which are subject to a much higher bit error rate and service disruptions. The research described presents the results of a detailed simulation of a protocol that adapts ATM networks to operation in an environment characterized by unreliable links. >
Austalis, a new genus of flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) with revisionary notes on related genera

A new genus and species of flower flies are described from the Australian biotic region ( Austalis Thompson & Vockeroth, type Eristalis resolutus Walker; Austalis rhina Thompson (Solomon Is.)). A key is provided to the groups of the subtribe Eristalina, along with nomenclatural notes and checklist of genus-group names. Five genus-group names and 1 species-group name are synonymized ( Pseudomeromacrus Li, 1994 = Eristalinus ( Merodonoides Curran, 1931)); Cryptoeristalis Kuznetzov 1994 = Eristalis ( Eoseristalis Kanervo, 1938)); Paramesembrius Shiraki 1930, Klossia Curran, 1931 & Catacores Hull, 1944 = Kertesziomyia Shiraki, 1930; Eristalis maritima Hull, 1945 = Austalis resoluta (Walker, 1858)).
Micromachined W-band filters

Results are presented for high performance planar W-band filters based on silicon micromachining techniques common in microsensor fabrication. Two types of micromachined planar transmission lines are studied: microshield line and shielded membrane microstrip (SMM) line. In both of these structures, the conducting lines are suspended on thin dielectric membranes. These transmission lines are essentially "floating" in air, possess negligible levels of dielectric loss, and do not suffer from the parasitic effects of radiation and dispersion. A 90 GHz low pass filter and several 95 GHz bandpass filters are tested and display excellent performance which cannot be achieved with traditional substrate supported circuits in CPW or microstrip configurations. A full-wave finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique verifies the measured performance of the W-band circuits and provides a basis for comparison between the performances of membrane supported circuits and equivalent substrate supported circuits.
A re-examination of the mono-methoxy positional ring isomers of amphetamine, methamphetamine and phenyl-2-propanone

Recently, tablets inscribed with the Mitsubishi 3-diamond logo, and sold as 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), were found to contain p-methoxymethamphetamine (PMMA), a compound with MDMA-like effects. Shortly after this first submission, similarly inscribed tablets were encountered containing both PMMA and p-methoxyamphetamine (PMA). This second tablet composition has been implicated in several recent deaths in the US. Because two other positions are available for mono-methoxy substitution on the phenyl ring, it is essential that the correct identification be made for these compounds. Analytical data are supplied to enable differentiation of these ring isomers as well as the ketones that serve as their precursors.
Mass Loss from Cool Stars: Impact on the Evolution of Stars and Stellar Populations

▪ Abstract This review emphasizes the mass loss processes that affect the fates of single stars with initial masses between one and nine solar masses. Just one epoch of mass loss has been clearly demonstrated to be important for these stars; that is the episode that ends their evolution up the asymptotic giant branch. Quite a clear picture of this evolutionary stage is emerging from current studies. Mass loss rates increase precipitously as stars evolve toward greater luminosity and radius and decreased effective temperature. As a result, empirical relationships between mass loss rates and stellar parameters are determined mostly by selection effects and tell us which stars are losing mass rather than how stars lose mass. After detailed theoretical models are found to match observational constraints, the models may be used to extrapolate to populations not available for study nearby, such as young stars with low metallicity. The fates of stars are found to depend on both their initial masses and their ini...
Thrombosis and Multiple System Embolization from an on- X Aortic Valve on Clopidogrel- A Review of Pooled Analysis of 2,389 Patient

C l i n M e d International Library Citation: Modi K (2015) Thrombosis and Multiple System Embolization from an onX Aortic Valve on ClopidogrelA Review of Pooled Analysis of 2,389 Patient. Int J Clin Cardiol 2:024 Received: October 21, 2014: Accepted: March 19, 2015: Published: March 21, 2015 Copyright: © 2015 Modi K. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Modi. Int J Clin Cardiol 2015, 2:2 ISSN: 2378-2951
The bacterial divisome: ready for its close-up

Bacterial cells divide by targeting a transmembrane protein machine to the division site and regulating its assembly and disassembly so that cytokinesis occurs at the correct time in the cell cycle. The structure and dynamics of this machine (divisome) in bacterial model systems are coming more clearly into focus, thanks to incisive cell biology methods in combination with biochemical and genetic approaches. The main conserved structural element of the machine is the tubulin homologue FtsZ, which assembles into a circumferential ring at the division site that is stabilized and anchored to the inner surface of the cytoplasmic membrane by FtsZ-binding proteins. Once this ring is in place, it recruits a series of transmembrane proteins that ultimately trigger cytokinesis. This review will survey the methods used to characterize the structure of the bacterial divisome, focusing mainly on the Escherichia coli model system, as well as the challenges that remain. These methods include recent super-resolution microscopy, cryo-electron tomography and synthetic reconstitution.
Sparse generalized volterra model of human hippocampal spike train transformation for memory prostheses

In order to build hippocampal prostheses for restoring memory functions, we build multi-input, multi-output (MIMO) nonlinear dynamical models of the human hippocampus. Spike trains are recorded from the hippocampal CA3 and CA1 regions of epileptic patients performing a memory-dependent delayed match-to-sample task. Using CA3 and CA1 spike trains as inputs and outputs respectively, second-order sparse generalized Laguerre-Volterra models are estimated with group lasso and local coordinate descent methods to capture the nonlinear dynamics underlying the spike train transformations. These models can accurately predict the CA1 spike trains based on the ongoing CA3 spike trains and thus will serve as the computational basis of the hippocampal memory prosthesis.
Posttraumatic stress disorder: Gender and cross-cultural clinical issues.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is unique in that diagnosis must include a precipitating traumatic event. Although many different traumatic events can lead to PTSD, a great amount of research has been generated on war veterans. An examination of the literature on PTSD reveals that women and minority veterans have been recipients of prejudice and exclusion in clinical research, diagnoses and treatment of PTSD. Pre- and post-trauma variables may account for differences in incidence and severity of PTSD. Clinical assessment and treatment of PTSD for women and minorities is inadequate, often not considering gender or ethnoculturally diverse research and data.
On ways of knowing in medicine

Evidence-based medicine, translational medicine, narrative medicine, personalized medicine and precision medicine are all specially coined terms that have been used to herald new ways of knowing in medicine. I have listed the terms in chronological order, with evidence-based medicine starting around
Concept Investigation via Air-Ground Simulation with Embedded Agents

Next Generation Air Transportation System (NGATS) concepts require design and analysis of interactions involving human operators and new automation tools. Research is exploring how air-ground simulations with embedded agents can complement human-in-theloop simulations for this purpose. This paper describes research toward integrating computational air traffic controller agents into a large-scale distributed simulation in the Airspace Operations Laboratory (AOL) at NASA Ames Research Center. Before detailing the agent model and architecture and discussing simulation integration issues, the paper describes a methodology for using agents to understand human-system integration issues and illustrates how the methodology can be applied to an example concept.
The Civilian Conservation Corps and the Construction of the Virginia Kendall Reserve, 1933-1939

Review of: "The Civilian Conservation Corps and the Construction of the Virginia Kendall Reserve, 1933-1939," edited by Kenneth J. Bindas.
Chronic Localized Brucellosis of the Spleen

Chronic localized brucellosis of the spleen possibly may exist as a clinical entity apart from detectable brucellar involvement of other reticuloendothelial organs. Apparently the infection may be restricted to the spleen in some cases, and antibiotic therapy may eradicate the infection in other organs but not in the spleen. Six cases are reported, and a series of 10 cases is reviewed.
Survey of Laribacter hongkongensis Contamination with 369 Samples of Freshwater Fish and Marine Fish Caught in Zhejiang Province

Objective To find out the practical situation of Laribacter hongkongensis contamination in fresh water and sea fishes in Zhejiang Province so as to provide scientific base for the prevention of food-born infection by Laribacter hongkongensis.Method Laribacter hongkongensis was isolated by modified Mac-Lonkey Agar(with 32 μg cefoperazone/ml), and identified by API 20NE. 16S rDNA were amplified by general primer and homologous comparison with Laribacter hongkongensis strain HKU1 was carried out.Results 18 strains of Laribacter hongkongensis were isolated from the 369 samples. The over-all positive rate was 4.88%. The positive rate in carp was 25.00% and in grass carp 10.26%. The Laribacter hongkongensis was not found in sea fish and other fresh water fishes such as crucian, chub and pomfret. The sequence of 16S rDNA isolated from Laribacter hongkongensis was only 1-2 base pair different from that of the HKU1 strain, a homology as high as 99.6%～100.0%. Antibiotics resistance test showed that the 18 strains of Laribacter hongkongensis isolated in the present experiment were completely resistant to Ceftazidime, Vancomycin, Metronidazole, Clindamycin and Cefuroxime, but completely sensitive to Erythromycin, Imipenem, Clarithromycin, Azetreonam, Gentamicin, Amikacin, Trimethoprim, Tetraciline, Chloromycetin, Polymyxin B and Ciprofloxacin. The resistance to Cephalothin, Ampicillin and Ceftriaxone were 83.33%, 61.11% and 5.56%, respectively. Conclusion There exists contamination source of Laribacter hongkongensis in Zhejiang Province. Related monitoring departments should increase supervising strength on this category of food to prevent the occurrence and prevalence of Laribacter hongkongensis in Zhejiang province.
Normal antepartum red cell volume measured with Cr51-tagged erythrocytes. Preliminary study.

Abstract 1.1. A review of the literature concerning blood volume values at term is presented. 2.2. Red cell volume determinations were carried out on 105 apparently normal women shortly before delivery in an attempt to establish a range of normal values with the use of Cr 51 -labeled erythrocytes.
Race, Ethnicity, Risky Lifestyles, and Violent Victimization: A Test of a Mediation Model

Empirical studies have established that Blacks and Hispanics are two of the most violently victimized racial/ethnic groups in the United States, but the mechanisms that underlie these disparities i...
Effects of diet concentrate level and sodium bicarbonate on site and extent of forage fiber digestion in the gastrointestinal tract of wethers.

Four adult wethers (45 kg) with permanent ruminal and abomasal cannulae were used in a repeated measures Latin-square arrangement of treatments to quantitate the effects of diet concentrate level and. sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) on site and extent of forage fiber digestion in the gastrointestinal tract. Experimental diets consisted of Kentucky-31 tall fescue hay, soybean meal and a semi-purified concentrate mixture in ratios of 95:5:0, 76:4:20, 57:3:40 and 38:2:60; NaHCO 3 represented 0 or 7.5% of the concentrate mixture. Ruminal digestion (% of intake) of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and hemicellulose decreased linearly (P<.05), whereas acid detergent fiber (ADF) digestion responded in a cubic (P<.05) fashion to increasing concentrate level; NaHCO3 improved ruminal digestion of NDF (P<.10) and ADF (P<.05), but not bemicellulose. Post-ruminal digestion (% of tureen non-degraded) of NDF and ADF tended to increase, whereas hemicellulose digestion responded in a cubic (P<.05) fashion to increasing concentrate level; NaHCO 3 decreased (P<.05) post-ruminal digestion of all fiber fractions. Total tract digestion of NDF and ADF showed a cubic (P<.05) response, whereas hemicellulose digestion responded in a quadratic (P<.05) fashion to increasing concentrate level; NaHCO3 had no effect on total tract digestion of any fiber fraction. Correlations of ruminal hemicellulose digestion with mean pH (r = .33; P= .07) and minimum pH (r= .30; P=.09) were attained in a 24-h feeding cycle. Path coefficient analysis revealed forage hemicellulose degradability to be more pH-sensitive and less responsive to NaHCO 3 than ADF degradability when concentrate was fed. Concentrate feeding and NaHCO3 altered the primary sites of forage fiber digestion in the gastrointestinal tract, but did not systematically influence the extent of total tract utilization.
African American Physical Education Folklore Surrounding School Transition.

Transferring from elementary to secondary school can be difficult for many children, and students making this transition often suffer from anxiety and stress. One source of stress can be found in the scary stories transitioning pupils hear about their new schools, particularly those about physical education and sport. The purpose of this study was to examine the scary stories young African American adults living in the Deep South recalled hearing about physical education as they made the transition from elementary to secondary school. Folklore and the concept of role reversal were the theoretical perspectives that guided data collection and analysis. Participants were 51 African American students. They wrote down scary stories they recalled hearing prior to transferring to secondary school within a two-item open-ended story record. Stories were coded and categorized and reduced to key themes using analytic induction and constant comparison. The key finding was the scary stories the African Americans in this study recalled were similar to the stories American Caucasians recalled in previous research. The stories collected in this study were also reminiscent of those described in the studies carried out with young adults in Britain during the 1970s and 1980s. Results of this study also indicate physical education plays only a peripheral role in the African American folklore surrounding school transition.
Raman backscattering intensities in optical fiber

Use of Raman scattering has been growing in recent years. One of the applications is in a distributed temperature sensor which uses Raman backscattering of an optical fiber. This sensor consists mainly of a conventional 50/125-μm 0.2-N.A. graded index multimode fiber as the sensing fiber and a 910-nm semiconductor laser as a pulsed light source.
Challenges in autonomic personal computing with some new results in automatic configuration management

Autonomic personal computing is personal computing on autonomic platforms. It shares the goals of personal computing - responsiveness, ease of use and flexibility - with those of autonomic computing - simplicity, availability and security. The challenge of autonomic personal computing is to simplify and enhance the end-user experience, delighting the user by anticipating his or her needs in the face of this complex, dynamic and uncertain environment. We motivate the need to deploy autonomic computing carefully on personal computing systems, and report on recent work in automatic management of the software and data configuration of personal computing platforms. This work identifies remedial actions automatically, but takes care to explain and motivate them to the end user and never acts without approval.
Ranking Regimes and the Production of Knowledge in Academia: (Re)shaping Faculty Work?

In this integrated review of literature, we address a powerful movement among interrelated organizations that we call the “ranking regime.” We argue that the ostensive purpose of this regime is to identify “world class” universities, and thus to organize post-secondary education into a competitive transnational market. Although extant research has addressed how rankings are reshaping the field of higher education, there is little work that addresses the influence of rankings on the evaluation of faculty work and the production of knowledge. Thus, we review existing studies that have focused on the intersection of this ranking regime, faculty work, and faculty evaluation in order to assess the implications of the ranking regime for the production of knowledge within academia and for faculty evaluation. We argue that the ranking regime affects the production and evaluation of knowledge by promoting individualism, standardization, commodification, and homogenization. We offer policy and practice implications as well as directions for future research.
From chaos to non-equilibrium statistical mechanics

In these lectures I present approaches to transport in classical and quantum complex systems. Using properties of chaotic systems, I derive a time dependent finite temperature dynamics. I will discuss the emergence and role of exotic stochastic processes which are seldom considered in nuclear physics, fractional kinetics, and the connections to open questions and problems in the field of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, together with approaches to field theory.
Pharmacological Aspects of Calcium Channels in Nonvascular Smooth Muscle

Smooth muscle is a heterogeneous tissue. However, a key component of excitation-contraction coupling in both vascular and nonvascular smooth muscle is an elevation of intracellular calcium subsequent to excitation. The processes by which intracellular calcium is elevated from the resting level of approximately 10-8M to the stimulated level of approximately 10-6M are quite diverse in smooth muscle and depend on tissue stimulus, component of response, and pathology (1,2).
Vegetation Recovers Slowly on a Deeply Disturbed Sand Prairie

Sand prairies experience relatively high rates of small scale disturbance, feature a high complement of annual plant species, and are fairly dynamic in terms of year-to-year microscale species composition. In summer 2011, a natural gas pipeline was installed across Sand Prairie Natural History Reservation 19 km west of North Newton, KS. The resulting excavation left a scar 560 m long and 24 m wide devoid of aboveground vegetation. From August 2012 to 2016, I monitored vegetation composition in 60 0.75 x 0.75 m2 quadrats along two parallel transect lines, one line along the center of the excavated area and the other placed 20 m away in prairie unaffected by construction vehicles. Quadrat species richness was higher in the undisturbed area in the first year, but higher in the pipeline site in the fifth year. There were no consistent site differences in species evenness. Across years, annuals averaged 73.60% of species (including three introduced species) at the pipeline site vs. 45.42% of species within the...
Morphological Brain Changes in Chronic Pain: Mystery and Meaning

Chronic pain is a common ailment present worldwide and across all age groups. It is concomitant with a plethora of other medical syndromes, including migraine and other headache disorders, chronic back pain (CBP), phantom limb pain, fibromyalgia (FM), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), pain disorder, chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain (CPP), and provoked vestibulodynia (PVD). Recent research has identified morphological changes in the brain, in both gray (GM) and white matter (WM), associated with chronic pain disorders. These findings suggest a common “brain signature” of common pain, which can be drawn upon for future study. These findings also suggest important physiological underpinnings of chronic pain. A variety of mechanisms have been proposed thus far, including neurogenesis, neuronal morphological/cerebral vasculature changes, and non-neuronal cell genesis and morphological changes for GM changes, and myelination and axonal changes for WM changes. Research has also shown these brain morphological changes to be at least partly reversible, suggesting a common, predictable pattern of chronic pain that can be exploited in treatment.
Topical Janus kinase inhibitors: A review of applications in dermatology.

Background Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors have attracted attention for their role in treating inflammatory disorders. This new class of biologics has the potential to significantly affect the field of dermatology, especially with the development of topical formulations. Objective To summarize published evidence on the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of topical JAK inhibitors in the treatment of inflammatory skin conditions. Methods This is a review of articles available in PubMed and the Cochrane Library up until November 2017. Results Fifty-five potential articles were identified; 11 articles were included for review, comprising an aggregate of 924 patients. In randomized clinical trials, topical JAK inhibitors demonstrate modest improvements in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis disease scores, patient-reported outcomes, and quality of life. Results for vitiligo are conflicting, with improvements seen only in facial vitiligo. Conclusive efficacy data for alopecia areata is lacking. Limitations It was not possible to perform a meta-analysis due to the lack of standardization and low number of randomized clinical trials. Conclusion Topical JAK inhibitors provide an attractive treatment option for patients with psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, alopecia areata, and vitiligo. Although early phase clinical studies of this novel drug class are promising, large phase 3 and 4 studies are needed to further define the role of topical JAK inhibitors in dermatology.
Abstract 362: EGFR signaling activates S100 gene expression in HER2-positive breast cancer cells

Introduction: Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer is one of the four major molecular types of breast cancer. HER2 is a classical receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and its kinase activity is stimulated by heterodimerization with other ligand bound HER family members, such as EGFR/HER1. Treatment for HER2+ breast cancer includes the use of Trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody that binds to the HER2 extracellular domain and inhibits downstream signaling. Resistance to Trastuzumab involves several cellular and molecular alterations, including gain of function mutations in proteins that are downstream of HER2 activation. The purpose of this study is to examine EGFR signaling in HER2+ breast cancer cells to discover novel putative drug targets. Methods: HER2-positive breast cancer cell line (SKBR3) was used before and after EGF treatment. In order to determine whether EGFR signaling was activated, the levels of several proteins of interest were determined by western blot analysis. RNA-seq and ChIP-seq for H3K18ac and H3K27ac was conducted following an EGF time course in SKBR3 cells. Results: Treatment of SKBR3 cells with EGF resulted in a transient increase in pERK1/2 and pAKT, which returned to basal levels at 1h and 2h post-EGF treatment, respectively. This was surprising because pEGFR remained higher in treated cells compared to untreated cells throughout the 24h time course. Immediate early genes (IEGs) became activated in SKBR3 cells, as previously reported in other cell types, during the early phase of EGFR stimulation ( Citation Format: Miguel Nava, Nathan R. Zemke, Arnie Berk, Robin Farias-Eisner, Jay Vadgama, Yanyuan Wu. EGFR signaling activates S100 gene expression in HER2-positive breast cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 362.
Martingales and Fourier Analysis in Banach Spaces

The power of martingale theory in the study of the Fourier analysis of scalarvalued functions is now widely appreciated. Our aim here is to describe some new martingale methods and their application to the Fourier analysis of functions having values in a Banach space.
What’s the difference? a functional pearl on subtracting bijections

It is a straightforward exercise to write a program to "add" two bijections---resulting in a bijection between two sum types, which runs the first bijection on elements from the left summand and the second bijection on the right. It is much less obvious how to "subtract" one bijection from another. This problem has been studied in the context of combinatorics, with several computational principles known for producing the "difference" of two bijections. We consider the problem from a computational and algebraic perspective, showing how to construct such bijections at a high level, avoiding pointwise reasoning or being forced to construct the forward and backward directions separately---without sacrificing performance.
Using Comedy to Explore Racial-Ethnic Identity with Clients: A Narrative Approach

ABSTRACTThe physical and mental health benefits of humor and comedy have been widely documented. This article presents a therapeutic framework outlining several clinical applications of comedy desi...
Equilateral triangles in subsets of ℝd of large Hausdorff dimension

We prove that subsets of ℝd, d ≥ 4 of large enough Hausdorff dimensions contain vertices of an equilateral triangle. It is known that additional hypotheses are needed to assure the existence of equilateral triangles in two dimensions (see [3]). We show that no extra conditions are needed in dimensions four and higher. The three dimensional case remains open. Some interesting parallels exist between the triangle problem in Euclidean space and its counterpart in vector spaces over finite fields. We shall outline these similarities in hopes of eventually achieving a comprehensive understanding of this phenomenon in the setting of locally compact abelian groups.
Tardive Dyskinesia: Treatment Update.

Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is caused by exposure to medications with dopamine antagonism, mainly antipsychotics. It often distresses individuals, physically and emotionally and affects their quality of life. We evaluated peer-reviewed recently published articles with a goal of providing a critically appraised update on the latest advancements in this field. In 2017, FDA approved VMAT2 inhibitors, deutetrabenazine and valbenazine. They have demonstrated efficacy in several class 1 studies. Also there have been update in the evidence-based guidelines for treatment for tardive dyskinesia. Various medication classes are being used for treatment of TD with VMAT2 inhibitors to be first FDA-approved medications. Their use should be tailored to the individual patient. Long-term studies will further guide us in how to optimize treatment, especially in the real-world setting. As clinicians, we need to take into consideration all aspects of symptomatology, etiology, potential side effects of the medications, to find the best possible “match” for our patients.
Examining the Prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Associated Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among Low-Income Uninsured Adults

Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are linked to poor adult health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease. However, little is known about its prevalence, specifically in low-incom...
Multilevel Models in International Business Research: A Commentary

While Peterson, Arregle, and Martin (Journal of International Business Studies 43 (5): 451–457, 2012) adequately address the basics of multilevel modelling (MLM), there are four positive but hidden jewels underlying the article that may not be apparent: (a) not addressing cross-level direct effects; (b) not using the term cross-level when addressing how a level 2 variable may moderate the slopes of an X-Y relationship within each level 2 unit; (c) introducing the concept of cross-classified cases; and (d) centring. The importance of each for a researcher interested in using MLM is briefly addressed. Also, two advancements since the article was published are discussed: (a) ML structural equation modelling; and (b) incorporating more than just two levels into the MLM.
Chapter 1 – Major Issues in Insect Resistance Management

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses some of the most challenging aspects of pest management, namely the dynamics of society's competition and struggles with arthropods over evolutionary time. In this case, evolutionary time is not the millions of years required for macro-evolution and speciation, but the tens of years that are required for pest populations to evolve the ability to withstand or overcome control. Entomologists, acarologists, and practitioners of integrated pest management (IPM) know that arthropods can evolve resistance to chemicals, host-plant defenses, and cultural practices such as crop rotation. Insect resistance is a general term representing heritable traits selected by management. These traits typically permit an arthropod to overcome pest management due to changes in behavior, maturation, or biochemical processes. Insect resistance is similar to the term host-plant resistance, which means that the plant has defenses against and is resistant to an arthropod. Throughout the book, the term insect resistance will be used, even though other arthropods, such as mites and ticks, are also frequent targets of pest management. The greater the effectiveness and success of arthropod pest management, the greater the likelihood of the pest evolving resistance to that management tactic. As the goals or tactics involve significant pest population reduction, one likely will need to manage the evolution of resistance to the management tactics that are wished to be effective. Insect resistance management (IRM) is the scientific approach to managing pests over the long run so that resistance does not interfere with our ability to accomplish our goals.
Academic Prediction at an Ivy League College, Moderated by Demographic Variables.

The purpose of this study was to learn whether differential validity would occur in an Ivy League college. The apparently high validity of secondary school marks and the SAT for predicting collegia...
Comparison of Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of Three Modern Stem Designs in Total Hip Arthroplasty with Minimum Two-Year Follow Up.

Introduction Recent changes in stem design for total hip arthroplasty (THA) complicate the daunting task of the orthopaedic surgeon to choose the best stem for patients. The purpose of our study was to report the early- to mid-term clinical and radiological outcomes of three unique stem designs used for THA using primarily a posterolateral approach. Materials and methods A retrospective study was performed at a single healthcare system between January 2007 and March 2018 to identify THA patients who received a stem belonging to the Taplerloc® Complete Hip System (Zimmer-Biomet, Warsaw, Indiana). Stems were then stratified into full-length, standard profile, full-length, reduced distal profile, and short-length, standard profile cohorts. Demographic, radiological, and clinical outcome variables were collected for each patient and compared between stem cohorts. Results 538 THAs (248 full-length, reduced distal; 202 full-length, standard profile; 88 short-length, standard profile) were analyzed. One patient in the full-length, reduced distal cohort suffered a perioperative fracture following implantation of the stem. There were a total of 29 postoperative complications at most recent follow up, nine (3.6%) in the full-length, reduced distal group, 12 (5.9%) in the full-length, standard profile group, and eight (9.1%) in the short-length, standard profile group, with no difference in rates of complication between groups (p=0.136). No difference in complication rates was observed when only posterolateral cases were considered (p=0.05). Survivorship of each stem group was 99.6%, 98.5%, and 96.6%, respectively. Limb length discrepancy and stem subsidence were found to be similar between groups based on measurements taken at most recent clinical follow up. Conclusion Our findings suggest that shortened length and reduced distal profile features result in no added benefit regarding intraoperative and postoperative clinical or radiological outcomes.
Quality Improvement Learning Collaborative to Improve Timely Newborn Follow-up

Background: AAP Bright Futures recommends that all newborns being discharged from the well newborn nursery at less than 96 hours of life have a follow-up appointment with a primary care provider within 2-3 days of discharge. However, a recent study showed that only 15% of newborns had follow-up within the recommended time frame. In that study, newborns with appropriate, timely follow-up had a decreased rate of hospital readmission in the first month of life. Newborn hospitalists and primary care physicians often face challenges getting newborn follow-up scheduled within 2-3 days of discharge. Objective: Improve rates …
Resolving Contradictions in Military Operations via Ambidexterity

Joseph Soeters applied the concept of organizational ambidexterity to military organizations as an innovative approach to support military planning and operations. Much like a basketball player who is skilled with using both hands, an ambidextrous organization is able to take into account long-run needs and simultaneously exploit the current environment. This useful concept is grounded in the pragmatism of Morris Janowitz, John Dewey, and Jane Addams. Organizational ambidexterity offers numerous applications to improve organizational effectiveness and facilitate melioristic changes in the turbulent, often contradictory, postmodern, yin-yang military.
Masculinities, Sport, and Violence Against Women: The Contribution of Male Peer Support Theory:

Although there are active debates about the nature and role of masculinities and a rise of new masculinity formations in modern society, feminist analysis of the relationship between sport, masculinities, and violence against women has been somewhat quiescent lately. This article seeks to underline this connection through the use of male peer support theory, which has been expanded in recent years to include messages from women and from within the LGBTQ community, and to recognize the rise in newer masculinity formations and the influence of new technology.
Flagging fusion: Phosphatidylserine signaling in cell–cell fusion

Formation of myofibers, osteoclasts, syncytiotrophoblasts and fertilized zygotes share a common step, cell-cell fusion. Recent years have brought about considerable progress in identifying some of the proteins involved in these and other cell-fusion processes. However, even for the best characterized cell-fusions, we still do not know the mechanisms that regulate the timing of cell-fusion events. Are they fully controlled by the expression of fusogenic proteins or do they also depend on some triggering signal(s) that activates these proteins? The latter scenario would be analogous to the mechanisms that control the timing of exocytosis initiated by Ca2+ influx and virus-cell fusion initiated by low pH- or receptor-interaction. Diverse cell-fusions are accompanied by the non-apoptotic exposure of phosphatidylserine at the surface of fusing cells. Here we review data on the dependence of membrane remodeling in cell-fusion on phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylserine-recognizing proteins and discuss the hypothesis that cell surface phosphatidylserine serves as a conserved "fuse me" signal regulating the time and place of cell-fusion processes.
Dynamic PET image denoising using higher-order singular value decomposition

426 Objectives Kinetic modeling of dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) data leads to estimates of physiological parameters that enable quantitative interpretation of PET images. The high noise levels in dynamic PET images, however, limit the accuracy of parametric fitting. To address this challenge, we have developed an image denoising framework based on higher-order singular value decomposition (HOSVD). Methods HOSVD is an extension of the 2D matrix SVD technique to higher dimensions. Denoising is performed in three steps: 1. Cluster image voxels based on similarity of spatiotemporal patches. 2. For each cluster, perform HOSVD over the spatiotemporal patches to compute a low-rank approximation of each patch. 3. Aggregate multiple estimates by weighted averaging of neighboring time activity curves belonging to the same cluster. The performance of HOSVD denoising was assessed using both simulation and clinical data. We performed realistic simulations on a dynamic digital phantom based on the Digimouse atlas. 20 noise realizations were generated by reconstructing Poisson deviates of sinograms. The method was then applied to a hepatocellular carcinoma patient study using the [18F]FDG radiotracer. For both studies, images of the Patlak influx constant were computed. Results We compared HOSVD denoising with traditional Gaussian denoising. In the simulation study, HOSVD denoising led to a 14% reduction in the overall noise standard deviation of Patlak images relative to Gaussian denoising for comparable levels for overall image bias. In the patient study, HOSVD preserved high intensity features (liver lesions) while lowering the variance of colder regions (e.g. the spleen). Comparison with Gaussian denoising revealed a 60% improvement in the contrast-to-noise ratio of lesions in the Patlak image (spleen used as background). Conclusions HOSVD enables efficient denoising of dynamic PET images by simultaneously exploiting spatial and temporal similarities. Our studies show that it leads to noticeable reduction in noise variance for a given bias level and enhances contrast-to-noise ratio in Patlak images. Research Support This work was supported by the American Lung Association Senior Research Training Fellowship, the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Mitzi and William Blahd, MD, Pilot Research Grant, and NIH grants 1R01EB013293, 1R01CA165221, and 1R01HL110241.