cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Corticosteroid Allergy

The key to treatment of corticosteroid allergy, especially delayed-type reactions to topical corticosteroids, is in recognizing it as a possible diagnosis. Corticosteroids are among the most important anti-inflammatory agents in a physician’s therapeutic armamentarium; these medications are the cornerstone of treatment for most dermatoses and may be overlooked as the culprit in cases of refractory dermatitis. Clues to possible corticosteroid allergy include persistence or worsening of dermatitis with the use of an appropriate agent or a change in the clinical pattern of disease. Patients may neglect to mention use of over-the-counter topical corticosteroid use; the possibility of corticosteroid contact allergy is more likely in those with chronic dermatoses such as atopic or stasis dermatitis. Once suspected, corticosteroid allergy can be confirmed by a repeat open application test (ROAT) with the suspect medicament agent in addition to standard patch testing. Patch testing techniques that may improve diagnostic accuracy include testing to agents from all classes, performing a late (7–10-day) reading, and considering “rim reactions” as likely relevant. Once the patient’s allergy is known, the clinician can choose a safe alternative. To minimize the risk of inducing corticosteroid allergy, physicians should consider prescribing agents that are less allergenic, e.g., those in classes C or D1, especially for patients with chronic skin disease.
Giving Up Baby: Safe Haven Laws, Motherhood, and Reproductive Justice by Laury Oaks

Laury Oaks’s book Giving Up Baby: Safe Haven Laws, Motherhood, and Reproductive Justice makes a critical intervention in the discourse on Safe Haven laws, an understudied aspect of reproductive lif...
Comparative Outcomes and Perioperative Complications of Robotic Vs Open Cystoplasty and Complex Reconstructions.

Objective To compare perioperative and surgical outcomes in a 2-center, 2-surgeon open vs robotic augmentation ileocystoplasty. Materials and Methods We reviewed patients undergoing augmentation ileocystoplasty open vs robotically between 2008 and 2014 at 2 centers. We compared the groups' preoperative characteristics, perioperative outcomes, complications, and interim functional outcomes. Results The cohort consisted of 17 and 15 patients with median follow-up of 45 and 46 months, in open and robotic groups, respectively. Median operative time (incision to closure) was longer in the robotic cohort (265 minutes vs 623 minutes, P P = .335), time to diet (4 days vs 4 days, P = .125), and mean intravenous morphine equivalents/kg (1.23 mg/kg vs 0.56 mg/kg, P = .091) were comparable between groups for open and robotic, respectively. There were 4/17 (23.5%) of the open cohort who had an epidural for an average of 93 hours. All patients had stable or improved hydronephrosis postoperatively. Major reoperations, such as for bowel obstruction, were required in 2/17 (11.7%) in the open group and none in the robotic cohort. Minor stomal complications requiring skin-level revision or endoscopic procedure occurred in 4/17 (23.5%) in the robotic cohort and 2 (11.7%) in the open group. Conclusion We reveal equivalent rates of complications, length of stay, and blood loss for augmentation cystoplasty among appropriately matched controls. Prolonged operative times of the robotic cohort did not lead to additional morbidity for patients. Further steps to reduce morbidity and additional investigations should be undertaken prior to widespread adoption of the intracorporeal technique in experienced robotic centers.
Creating an Image of Europe for China: Aleni's Hsi-Fang Ta-Wen 西方答罔

(1964). Creating an Image of Europe for China: Aleni's Hsi-Fang Ta-Wen 西方答罔. Monumenta Serica: Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 1-87.
TCT-739 Management of Recurrent Pulmonary Vein Stenosis

One to five percent of AF ablations may be complicated by pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS). Initial management of high grade stenosis is performed with balloon angioplasty or stents. Restenosis occurs frequently. We sought to assess our center's outcomes in patients with restenosis following an
Current technical aspects of oncological hepatic surgery.

Background With the recent advances in oncological hepatic surgery, major liver resections became more widely utilized procedures. The era of modern hepatic surgery witnessed improvements in patients care in preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative aspects. This significantly improved surgical outcomes regarding morbidity and mortality. This review article focuses on the recent advances in oncological hepatic surgery. Data Sources This review includes only data from peer-reviewed articles and journals. PubMed database was utilized as the primary source of the supporting literature to this review article on the latest advances in oncological hepatic surgery. Comprehensive and high sensitivity search strategies were performed to search related studies exhaustively up till June 2016. We critically and independently assessed over 50 recent publications written on this topic according to the selection criteria and quality assessment standard. We paid particular attention to the studies published in high impact journals that address the use of the surgical techniques mentioned in the articles in well-known institutions. Results Among all utilized approaches aiming at the preoperative assessment of the liver function, Child-Turcotte-Pugh classification remains the most reliable tool correlating with survival outcome. Although the primary radiological tools including ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging remain on top of the menu of tests utilized in assessment of focal hepatic lesions, intraoperative ultrasonography projects to be a powerful additional tool in terms of sensitivity and specificity compared to the other conventional techniques in assessment of the liver in the operative setting, a procedure that can change the surgical strategy in 27.2% of the cases and consequently improve the oncological surgical outcome. In addition to the conventional surgical techniques of liver resection and portal vein embolization, associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy “ALPPS” projects to be an alternative option in patients with marginally resectable tumors with an inadequate size of future liver remnant with an accepted surgical oncological outcome. Conclusions Considering the clinicopathological nature of hepatic lesions, the comprehensive assessment and proper choice of the liver resection technique in highly selected patients is associated with improved surgical oncological outcome. Patients with underlying marginal future liver remnant volumes can now safely benefit from a wider range of surgical intervention, a breakthrough that significantly improved morbidity and mortality in this group of patients.
Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Overcomes the Adverse Prognostic Impact of Minimal Residual Disease in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Abstract Abstract 2027 BACKGROUND: The identification of minimal residual disease (MRD) can predict impending relapse in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Little data exists evaluating the prognostic impact of MRD, as determined by multiparametric flow cytometry (MFC), at the time of allogeneic (allo-HCT). Although disease outcomes may be worse for MRD positive (MRD+) patients, MRD is often associated with other adverse risk factors leaving it unclear whether MRD is an independent risk factor for relapse or a surrogate marker for underlying poor risk disease features. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 97 consecutive AML patients in complete morphological remission (CR) who underwent allo-HCT with a matched related donor (MRD, n=30, 31%), matched unrelated donor (MUD, n=4, 4%) or umbilical cord blood (UCB, n=63, 65%) at the University of Minnesota between January 2005 and June 2009. Presence of MRD at allo-HCT was determined by MFC. Analyses were done separately for myeloablative (MAC) and reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) patients, testing the impact of MRD along with conditioning intensity, age, donor type and disease status on allo-HCT outcomes. RESULTS: Of 97 patients, 41 (42%) had MAC; 57 (58%) had RIC. Sixty-six were in first CR (CR1) with the rest in CR2 or later remission (CR2+). MRD at allo-HCT was detected in 7 patients after MAC (17%) and 7 after RIC (12.5%); and this frequency was similar in patients in CR1 and CR2+ (13% vs. 16%, p=0.7). MRD+ and MRD- patients had similar median age (40 vs. 44 yrs), gender, donor source (MSD or MUD vs. UCB), CMV serostatus and diagnostic cytogenetic risk group. Six of 40 (15%) intermediate and 5 of 39 (13%) high risk cytogenetics patients had MRD+ (p=0.8). Only 3 of 53 patients with a cytogenetic abnormality at diagnosis had it detected prior allo-HCT and 1 of 3 had MRD. The median follow-up of survivors was 25 months. Two-year probabilities for MAC and RIC patients were similar: Overall survival (OS), 48% and 47 % and leukemia free survival (LFS) 43% and 41% respectively. When disease outcomes were analyzed separately by MRD status (table), OS and LFS were markedly worse in MRD+ patients receiving RIC, but this difference was not statistically significant. In multivariate analysis, MRD+ was not an independent prognostic factor for OS and LFS. Although we identified no adverse prognostic factors for MAC patients, patient with RIC in CR2+ had worse OS and LFS vs. CR1 (HR 2.6, p=0.04 and HR 2.7, p=0.04 respectively). CONCLUSION: The negative prognostic impact of MRD was overcome by allo-HCT with MAC, but outcomes with MRD+ were suggestively inferior after RIC. However due to limited sample size, MRD in patients with RIC should be further investigated. 2 year outcomes MRD+ (95% CI) MRD− (95% CI) p MAC OS 43% (10%–73%) 49% (32%–65%) 0.7 LFS 43% (10%–73%) 44% (27%–60%) 0.6 RIC OS 14% (7%–46%) 51% (36%–65%) 0.1 LFS 14% (7%–46%) 44% (29%–58%) 0.1 Disclosures: Weisdorf: Genzyme: Consultancy, Research Funding.
Application of a Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm for snow water equivalent retrieval from passive microwave measurements

Abstract Recent applications of passive microwave remote sensing techniques to estimate snow water equivalent (SWE) increasingly rely on the comprehension of microwave emission theories, instead of traditional empirical fitting approaches. In this study, an advanced SWE retrieval algorithm based on the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method was developed. This method samples the posterior multiple-layer snow properties according to the likelihood of the brightness temperature (T B ) simulation with the actual T B observations. The Microwave Emission Model of Layered Snowpacks with improved Born approximation (MEMLS-IBA) was used as the observation model. Using a globally applicable method to produce prior estimates of snow properties, the retrieval approach is called the Bayesian Algorithm for SWE Estimation with Passive Microwave measurements (BASE-PM), and was applied on 48 snowpits at Sodankyla, Finland; Churchill, Canada and Colorado, US. The result shows that the root mean squared (RMS) error of the retrieved SWE is 42.7 mm excluding two outliers, and is 30.8 mm if the outliers as well as six deep snowpits from Colorado are excluded. This accuracy approximately meets the 30-mm requirement of Integrated Global Observing Strategy for shallow snow. The poor performance for the outlier and deep snowpits is explained. Additional experiments using more accurate priors show that SWE retrieval accuracy can be improved with local snowcover knowledge, e.g. if historical snowpit measurements or snow process model simulations are available.
Coordinating supplier selection and project scheduling in resource-constrained construction supply chains

In this paper, we study the problem of coordinating supplier selection and project scheduling, motivated by a real-life operational challenge encountered in the construction industry. In particular, we consider a project network consisting of multiple concurrent projects, with the objective of minimising the total tardiness of all projects. These projects are independent in operation but are subject to shared suppliers and the final quality inspection by the same committee, which then leads to the need for project review sequencing. The earliest starting time of each activity in a project depends on the availability of required resources (both renewable and non-renewable), as well as the activity precedence constraints. We formulate this problem as a mixed integer linear programming model, and propose a mathematical programming-based heuristic to solve the model. The heuristic decomposes the model into subproblems, and solves the subproblems through an iterative process. Each subproblem has a much smaller...
Beyond the left: violence and the politics of affect in Roland Klick’s Bübchen (Little Boy, 1968)

Responding to Marco Abel and Alexander Vazansky’s recent provocation to reevaluate and expand the notion of the “political” in late 1960s West German cinema, I argue in this essay that Roland Klick...
Implications for the Field of Environment and Behavior

A fundamental implication of an explicit consideration of the perspective underlying a field of inquiry is that such an analysis engenders a fresh commitment to the particular character of that area’s development. For the perspective behind a scientific enterprise will influence the type of investigative questions to be posed, the kinds of data to be sought, and the nature of the research answers that will be deemed acceptable. Ittelson, Franck, and O’Hanlon (1976) have eloquently articulated the relevance of this concern to the study of environment and behavior: So perhaps the principal methodological concern in our studies of environmental experience has been to become self-consciously aware of our preconceptions and of the influence that they will have on the outcome of any study. ... Few other areas of study are so susceptible to the influence of the presuppositions of the investigator. If we uncritically assume on the basis of our personal and cultural history that we know the nature of the environment, then we will have inevitably written the answer into the way we ask the question (pp. 191–192).
CO2 reduction or HCO2− oxidation? Solvent-dependent thermochemistry of a nickel hydride complex

The hydricity (ΔGH−) of a newly synthesized nickel hydride was experimentally determined in acetonitrile (50.6 kcal mol−1), dimethyl sulfoxide (47.1 kcal mol−1), and water (22.8 kcal mol−1). The hydricity values indicate hydride transfer from [HNi(TMEPE)2][BF4] (TMEPE = 1,2-bis[di(methoxyethyl)phosphino]ethane) to CO2 is exergonic in water and endergonic in the organic solvents.
Talking With Patients Is Better Than Talking to Patients

Patients manage chronic illnesses, clinicians don’t. Each day, patients decide which medications to administer, which activities to participate in, and which foods to eat. In making these decisions, they try to arrive at a somewhat rational balancing of hopes for their futures and demands of their presents. They must decide what to do with the understanding that their knowledge of the illness is imperfect and is smaller than that of the people who wrote the prescriptions and made the recommendations. And so, their decisions must inevitably include a judgment about the clinician. How much can I rely on what he or she told me? Does what he told me help me with my hopes? Does what she told me fit my present? See Article by Schoenthaler et al There is a growing body of literature that teaches clinicians how to communicate with patients in a way that helps patients make those inevitable judgments and achieve better health outcomes. The article by Schoenthaler et al1 in this issue of Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes adds to that literature. Although its lessons apply to all patients, it also suggests persuasively that better communication might help mitigate black health disparities. The authors audiotaped clinic visits among 92 hypertensive patients and 27 primary …
A new Rab7 effector controls phosphoinositide conversion in endosome maturation

Endosome maturation requires a coordinated change in the Rab GTPase and phosphoinositide composition of the endosomal membrane. In this issue, Liu et al. (2017. J. Cell Biol. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201705151) identify WDR91 as a ubiquitous Rab7 effector that inhibits phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity on endosomes and is critical for endosome maturation, viability, and dendrite growth of neurons in vivo.
Gifted ‘n the ‘hood: Gender and giftedness as predictors of social risk among low-income students

ABSTRACTResearch abounds on adolescent poverty and on gifted education, but these fields are seldom considered together. This study explores trajectories of aggressive behavior (i.e., weapon carrying) of impoverished, gifted youth. Results indicate that gifted students engage in lower levels of weapon carrying than non-gifted students. Gifted and non-gifted girls’ trajectories are parallel across age.However, weapon carrying among gifted and non-gifted boys does not differ during early and late adolescence, but it does during middle adolescence. These differences can perhaps be explained by examining impulsivity and temperament trajectories by gifted status. Impulsivity for boys and quick-temperedness for girls is lower during early and middle adolescence for gifted students than for non-gifted students, but not during later adolescence. Quick-temperedness for boys and impulsivity for girls does not differ by gifted status during early and late adolescence, but it does during middle adolescence. These fin...
Selective Cannabinoid 2 Receptor Stimulation Reduces Tubular Epithelial Cell Damage after Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), which is an increasing problem in the clinic and has been associated with elevated rates of mortality. Therapies to treat AKI are currently not available, so identification of new targets that can be modulated to ameliorate renal damage upon diagnosis of AKI is essential. In this study, a novel cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) agonist, SMM-295 [3′-methyl-4-(2-(thiophen-2-yl)propan-2-yl)biphenyl-2,6-diol], was designed, synthesized, and tested in vitro and in silico. Molecular docking of SMM-295 into a CB2 active-state homology model showed that SMM-295 interacts well with key amino acids to stabilize the active state. In human embryonic kidney 293 cells, SMM-295 was capable of reducing cAMP production with 66-fold selectivity for CB2 versus cannabinoid receptor 1 and dose-dependently increased mitogen-activated protein kinase and Akt phosphorylation. In vivo testing of the CB2 agonist was performed using a mouse model of bilateral IRI, which is a common model to mimic human AKI, where SMM-295 was immediately administered upon reperfusion of the kidneys after the ischemia episode. Histologic damage assessment 48 hours after reperfusion demonstrated reduced tubular damage in the presence of SMM-295. This was consistent with reduced plasma markers of renal dysfunction (i.e., creatinine and neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin) in SMM-295–treated mice. Mechanistically, kidneys treated with SMM-295 were shown to have elevated activation of Akt with reduced terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated digoxigenin-deoxyuridine nick-end labeling (TUNEL)–positive cells compared with vehicle-treated kidneys after IRI. These data suggest that selective CB2 receptor activation could be a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of AKI.
Abstract 18288: Clinical Outcome and Long-term Follow-up in Patients With Angina in the Absence of Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease

Introduction: A comprehensive invasive evaluation of patients with angina in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) may identify occult coronary abnormalities contributing to symptoms, and may also help guide therapy. However, whether this has an impact on symptoms and quality of life (QOL) is unclear. Our objective was to study the long-term follow-up of anginal symptoms in patients with endothelial dysfunction, microvascular dysfunction (MVD), and/or a myocardial bridge (MB). Methods: Before and after invasive testing, we administered a Seattle angina questionnaire (SAQ) to 157 women and 48 men found to have no obstructive CAD on angiography. Endothelial dysfunction was defined as a decrease in luminal diameter of >20% after intracoronary (IC) acetylcholine, MVD was defined as an index of microvascular resistance ≥ 25, and an MB was defined as an echolucent half-moon sign and/or ≥10% systolic compression on intravascular ultrasound. Results: Median follow up was 1.9 (1.7 - 2.2) years. Endothelial dysfunction was present in 113 (55%) patients, MVD in 47 (23%), and MB in 93 (45%). Medical treatment and lifestyle changes were suggested according to the diagnosis of the testing. Eleven had surgical unroofing of an MB. There were no MACE, including MI, revascularization, or stroke. There were 2 deaths (both cancer). There was significant improvement in physical limitations due to angina, anginal stability, anginal frequency, treatment satisfaction, and QOL (p Conclusion: A comprehensive invasive evaluation can identify occult coronary abnormalities in patients with angina in the absence of obstructive CAD and help guide therapy, which ultimately results in an improvement in patients’ symptoms and QOL.
It’s a Cell-Eat-Cell World: Autophagy and Phagocytosis

The process of cellular eating, or the phagocytic swallowing of one cell by another, is an ancient manifestation of the struggle for life itself. Following the endosymbiotic origin of eukaryotic cells, increased cellular and then multicellular complexity was accompanied by the emergence of autophagic mechanisms for self-digestion. Heterophagy and autophagy function not only to protect the nutritive status of cells, but also as defensive responses against microbial pathogens externally or the ill effects of damaged proteins and organelles within. Because of the key roles played by phagocytosis and autophagy in a wide range of acute and chronic human diseases, pathologists have played similarly key roles in elucidating basic regulatory phases for both processes. Studies in diverse organ systems (including the brain, liver, kidney, lung, and muscle) have defined key roles for these lysosomal pathways in infection control, cell death, inflammation, cancer, neurodegeneration, and mitochondrial homeostasis. The literature reviewed here exemplifies the role of pathology in defining leading-edge questions for continued molecular and pathophysiological investigations into all forms of cellular digestion.
Content and Boundaries of Educational Psychology

“When I use a word,” Humpty Dumpty said, in rather a scornful tone, “it means just what I choose it to mean–neither more nor less.”
Leisure science, dominant paradigms, and philosophy: an introduction.

This paper provides the framework for the papers that follow which address issues surrounding leisure science, dominant paradigms, and philosophy. In this introduction, an overview is given about p...
The Use of Cosmetic Lasers in Clinical Practice

As the baby boomer generation ages, many want to remain active and maintain their youthful appearance. The growth of this segment of our population continues to fuel the cosmetic procedures industry. Clinical uses of lasers include hair removal, acne treatment, skin rejuvenation, vascular lesions and a variety of pigmented lesions, and skin tightening [1]. Additionally, as lasers and other light therapies become less complicated, safer to use, and have more applications, more physicians are providing the services that their patients previously received elsewhere.
Retinal degeneration in the macula of patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract Recent reports (Hinton et al. 1986; Blanks et al. 1989) document the involvement of the retina in the constellation of neurodegenerative changes present in Alzheimer's disease (AD). These studies demonstrate the degeneration of large numbers of optic nerve axons and loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in patients with AD, but the quantitative changes in the retina of patients with AD compared with age-matched controls have not been examined. An important question is whether the lesion affects the macula, the area of highest visual acuity and the region of the greatest density of cone photoreceptor cells and RGCs. Additionally, it is unknown if patients with AD have a uniform thinning of cells in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) or if there is a differential loss of the medium- to large-sized cells, as suggested earlier (Bassi et al. 1987) and documented histopathologically in some areas of the central nervous system of patients with AD (Kemper 1984). If patients with AD were to show a differential loss of large versus small RGCs with characteristic differences in density, distribution, central projections, and physiologic properties (see review by Rowe and Stone 1977), then a loss of the visual functions normally ascribed to these classes of mammalian RGCs might be expected. This quantitative study of the retinal lesions in the macula of patients with AD provides important data on the progression of the disease and may eventually be the basis for diagnostic procedures for assessing the severity of AD.
Vein and PTFE bypasses to infrapopliteal arteries

Publisher Summary This chapter describes the vein and polytetrafluoroethylene bypasses to infrapopliteal arteries. Arterial reconstructions distal to the popliteal artery can be performed in the upper, middle, or lower third of the leg as well as in the ankle region or foot. It is found that if an ipsilateral segment of long saphenous vein is not available or if its smallest diameter with gentle dilatation is less than 3.0–3.5 mm, a tapered expanded polytetrafluoroethylene graft may be employed. Many of these grafts have functioned for 2–3 years. The artery for distal anastomosis is elevated by gentle traction on Silastic vessel loops, which may be held taut by clamping them to the appropriate drapes or self-retaining retractors. Frequently, such gentle traction is adequate to provide hemostasis during arteriotomy and anastomosis. It is observed that although it is essential to have a bloodless field so that perfect visualization can be obtained, it is important to note that any of the above hemostatic methods may damage the delicate small vessel, which may also be calcified or thick-walled. Side branches, although always dissected free, are only encircled with ligatures or Silastic loops when necessary, and this is not usually the case.
Toward the development of a universal grading system for ovarian epithelial carcinoma.

Abstract Objective. Because there is no universally accepted grading system for ovarian epithelial carcinoma, we attempted to compare the prognostic utility of the individual components used in some systems—both architectural and cytologic features, as well as mitotic activity and histologic tumor type—to determine which of these components fit best with survival. Methods. We studied 461 patients with invasive ovarian carcinoma who had uniform treatment, complete clinical data including staging and follow-up, and slides available for review. Each tumor was assigned a histologic subtype, architectural grade (based on whether the predominant pattern was glandular, papillary or solid), nuclear grade, mitotic count, and FIGO grade (based on the system for endometrial carcinoma). These features were compared with each other and with tumor stage and survival. Results. The architectural grade, nuclear grade, and mitotic count were independent variables both in stage I/II and stage III/IV disease. Each of them correlated with survival for most combinations of histologic type and stage. By multivariate analysis, in stage I/II cancer, nuclear grade and architectural grade were significantly correlated with survival, mitotic count showed only a trend, and FIGO grade did not correlate. In stage III/IV disease, nuclear grade, architectural grade 3, and mitotic count were significant, and FIGO grade was not. Conclusion. The new architectural grading system proposed worked better than the FIGO system in this study. Furthermore, it could be applied to all histologic subtypes of carcinoma. The nuclear grade and mitotic count were also independent of each other, correlated with survival, and could be utilized for all histologic types. These data support the development of a grading system which combines these architectural, nuclear, and mitotic features and can be applied regardless of the histologic type of carcinoma, modeled after the Nottingham system for grading of breast carcinoma.
Optimal shot selection strategies for the NBA

In this paper we conduct an equilibrium analysis of the 2015–2016 NBA record breaking season culminating in the dramatic final series upset produced by the Cleveland Cavaliers (CLE) over the Golden State Warriors (GSW). A Stackelberg equilibrium (Conitzer and Sandholm 2006) is constructed for each pair of NBA teams, as a pair of mixed offensive strategies defined over 2- and 3-point shot court locations. The first component corresponds to Team A’s offensive strategy playing against team B’s defense, and the second component is team B’s offensive strategy playing against team A’s defense. The results support the following insights. First, the results suggest that future NBA 3-point averages are headed higher to 37.9%, in contrast with current regular and playoff season averages for the 2015–2016 of 28.6% and 30.9%, respectively. Second, the results provide a means for evaluating the influence of an opposing team’s defense upon offensive strategy. Third, the results provide a strategic interpretation of the final NBA 2015–2016 playoff series where CLE upset GSW. GSW started close to their predicted strategy and then almost monotonically shifted further away whereas CLE moved closer to their predicted strategy. Realized outcomes correlate with these strategic trends.
Kinetic modeling of CuO chlorination with C2Cl4

Abstract Chlorinating roasting is a well-known process devoted manly for the extraction of metals as volatile chlorides from oxidized minerals and residues. Experience has shown that the use of a gaseous chlorinating agent, Cl 2 , for example, and the incorporation of a reducing agent, charcoal, for example, stimulate, respectively the kinetics and thermodynamics of the desired reactions. In this scenario, organo-chlorinated molecules, such as, CCl 4 and C 2 Cl 4 , appear as potential candidates for Cl 2 replacement, as they can be easily volatilized and bear in the same molecule the chlorinating and reducing agents. In order to support reactor sizing, however, reliable kinetic data is needed, which are scarce regarding both mentioned chlorinating agents. In present work, chlorination of pure CuO samples with diluted C 2 Cl 4 (P(C 2 Cl 4 ) = 0.0307 atm) has been quantitatively appreciated in the range between 923 and 1173 K. The kinetic data were modeled according to the Shrinking-Core model (SCM) and a quantitative agreement between experimental and calculated data has been found for all temperatures. Finally, a global activation energy of 117.9 ± 10 kJ/mol has been determined, which is close to earlier literature values for similar systems. A significant reduction of the form factor with temperature (3 to 1.5) has been detected, which, can be correlated to the partial sintering of the remaining CuO crystals.
Contemporary Midterm Outcomes in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Vascular Ring Repair

Background This single-institution study assessed the midterm outcomes of patients undergoing complete vascular ring (CVR) repair and the need for reintervention. Methods The study included all patients who underwent surgical repair of an isolated CVR from 1996 to 2018 at our institution. Patients who underwent concomitant intracardiac repair were excluded. Data analysis included demographics, type of anomaly, other congenital heart disease, clinical symptomatology, operative technique, perioperative outcomes, reoperation rates, and mortality. Results CVR repair through open thoracotomy was performed in 148 patients (80 boys [54%]), median age, 1.04 years (interquartile range, 0.4-5.2 years), and median weight, 12.8 kg (interquartile range, 7.5-26.5 kg). The cohort included 72 patients with double aortic arch (DAA), 69 with right aortic arch (RAA) with aberrant left subclavian artery and left ligamentum arteriosum (LLA), 5 with RAA with left descending aorta and LLA, and 2 with RAA with mirror-image branching and LLA. There was 1 outpatient perioperative death (0.7%) 15 days postoperatively. Perioperative complications occurred in 20 patients (14%): 18 (12%) with chylothorax (3 required reintervention), 1 pneumothorax, and 1 vocal cord paresis. Two of 36 patients (5.5%) without primary diverticulum resection required reoperation and subclavian reimplantation at 3 and 4 years, and 1 patient required aortic translocation 9 years later for persistent symptoms. Conclusions Freedom from reoperation after CVR repair was 93% at 5 years and 86% at 10 years. A small proportion of patients who do not undergo diverticulum resection and aberrant left subclavian artery reimplantation at the time of CVR repair will require reintervention in the future.
“Being Grounded in the Ancestors and Looking Forward...”—Blending Culturally Competent Research with Indigenous Leadership Styles1

The themes and topics found in this Prevention Science supplemental issue on Promoting Health Equity through Rigorous, Culturally Informed Intervention Science: Innovations with Indigenous Populations in the United States represent a comprehensive array of essential considerations for the ethical and principled conduct of health-related research with indigenous communities. The topics are inclusive of what must be considered when researchers realize "culture matters" in the conduct of ethnocultural field-based research. The reader is introduced to profound insights, engaging observations, important research results, and cutting-edge commentary on the future of health-centered research and practice with indigenous populations. In reflecting on the general intent of the issue, two additional themes are considered. Attention is given to the research relationship and requirements for a significant degree and depth in the cultural competence and sensitivity of field-based research teams. Consideration also is given culture and leadership style at the local community level in research programs. These twin considerations have bearing on two important questions facing future research in Indigenous health. In effect, who will guide the community's policies, practices, and experiences of the research teams? Who will lead the funding and policy sources and the next generation of researchers?
Hydrogen production and carbon sequestration by steam methane reforming and fracking with carbon dioxide

Abstract An opportunity to sequester large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) is made possible because hydraulic fracturing is used to produce most of America's natural gas. CO2 could be extracted from natural gas and water using steam methane reforming, pressurized to its supercritical phase, and used instead of water to fracture additional hydrocarbon-bearing rock. The useful energy carrier that remains is hydrogen, with carbon returned to the ground. Research on the use of supercritical CO2 is reviewed, with proppant entrainment identified as the major area where technical advances may be needed. The large potential for greenhouse-gas reduction through sequestration of CO2 and avoidance of methane leakage from the natural gas system is quantified.
Gastric bypass surgery for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus

The prevelance of diabetes increased significantly year by year around the world,while medicine couldn't prevent its progression and develoment of complications.The treatment of diabetes had become a worldwide problem.Bariatric surgeries had been used to treat type 2 diabetes for many years,of which the nost frequently performed operation,gastric bypass,caused profound weight loss and ameliorated obesity-related comorbid conditions,especially type 2 diabetes mellitus.However,the therapeutic mechanism,targetpopulation and mechanism of recurrence of type 2 diabetes after gastric bypass surgery are not very clear.Further studies need to be performed to verify these problems. Key words: Gastric bypass surgery; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Treament
Cost and cost-effectiveness of three strategies for implementing motivational interviewing for substance misuse on medical inpatient units.

Abstract Background This study conducted cost and cost-effectiveness analyses of three strategies for implementing motivational interviewing for substance misuse on general medical inpatient units: workshop, apprenticeship, and consult. Methods The economic analyses were conducted prospectively alongside a type 3 hybrid effectiveness-implementation randomized trial comprising 38 medical providers, 1173 inpatients, and four consultation-liaison motivational interviewing experts. The trial took place in a university affiliated teaching hospital in New Haven, CT, USA. After completing a 1-day workshop on motivational interviewing, providers were randomized to conditions. The primary outcome measure was the number of study-eligible patients who received a motivational interview. The economic analyses included the costs of both start-up and on-going activities in each condition. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were used to determine cost effectiveness. Results are presented from the healthcare provider (i.e., hospital) perspective in 2018 US dollars. Results The total cost per patient receiving a motivational interview averaged $804.53, $606.52, and $185.65 for workshop, apprenticeship, and consult, respectively. Workshop and apprenticeship were extended dominated by the combination of consult and doing nothing. Doing nothing is cost effective when the willingness-to-pay for an additional patient receiving a motivational interview is less than $185.65, and consult is cost-effective when the willingness-to-pay for an additional patient receiving a motivational interview is greater than $185.65. Conclusions Given that typical reimbursements for brief intervention services for substance misuse are $35-$65, none of the three implementation strategies is likely to be economically viable from the healthcare provider perspective.
The impact of bone marrow fibrosis and JAK2 expression on clinical outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma treated with immunomodulatory agents and/or proteasome inhibitors

We determined the impact of bone marrow fibrosis (BMF) on the clinical outcomes of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients in the current era of myeloma therapy. A total of 393 MM patients were included in the final analysis. The median followup was 83 months (range: 3.9 to 212 months). BMF was noted in 122 (48.2%) evaluable patients. Median progression free survival (PFS) in patients without BMF was 30.2 (95% CI: 24.7-38.0) months, and 21.1 (95% CI: 18.8-27.5) months in patients with BMF present (P = .024). Median overall survival (OS) was 61.2 (95% CI: 51.5-81.2) months in patients without BMF, and 45.1 (95% CI: 38.7-57.0) months in patients with BMF (P = .0048). A subset of 99 patients had their bone marrow biopsies stained for JAK1 and JAK2 by immunohistochemistry. Of these samples 67 (67.7%) patients had detectable JAK2 expression predominantly noted on bone marrow megakaryocytes. JAK2 expression correlated with myeloma disease stage (P = .0071). Our study represents the largest dataset to date examining the association of BMF with prognosis in the era of novel therapies and widespread use of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). Our data suggest that MM patients with BMF (particularly those with extensive BMF) have a poorer prognosis even when treated with immunomodulatory agents and proteasome inhibitors.
Modeling interdependent water uses at the regional scale to engage stakeholders and enhance resilience in Central Arizona

As cities and agricultural areas face water challenges associated with climate change, it is important to develop a better understanding of how human and natural systems will respond at the scales at which those changes will occur. This requires analytical tools to systematically explore regional contexts where multiple interdependent water, agricultural, and urban infrastructures interact. Toward this end, we develop and analyze a stylized model of a regional-scale system in the Southwestern U.S. The system is comprised of the Phoenix and Tuscon metropolitan areas and surrounding agricultural districts within the Central Arizona Project service domain and the water delivery infrastructure that connects these areas to the Colorado River basin. We use the model to analyze the impacts of changes in runoff in the upper Colorado River basin and the Salt, Verde, and Agua Fria basins on water supplies in the Central Arizona Project service area. Specifically, we explore how conceptualizing the Phoenix and Tuscon metropolitan areas and surrounding agricultural districts as an integrated system of urban, agricultural, and conjunctive ground and surface water management infrastructures can lead to strategies to meet water demand while maintaining groundwater neutrality.
Assessment of the fixed 4-hours on/8-hours off watchstanding schedule on a surface vessel of the Swedish Royal Navy:

We assessed the utility of the 3-section, fixed, 4hrs-on/8hrs-off watchstanding schedule on a ship of the Swedish Royal Navy (HSwMS ORIOΝ). Data from the ORIOΝ (n=12 sailors) were compared with dat...
Top-k Community Similarity Search Over Large Road-Network Graphs

With the urbanization and development of infrastructure, the community search over road networks has become increasingly important in many real applications such as urban/city planning, social study on local communities, and community recommendations by real estate agencies. In this paper, we propose a novel problem, namely top-k community similarity search (Top-kCS2), which efficiently and effectively obtains spatial communities that are the most similar to a given query community over road-network graphs. In order to efficiently and effectively tackle the Top-kCS2 problem, in this paper, we will design an effective similarity measure between communities, and propose a framework for retrieving Top-kCS2 query answers. Extensive experiments have been conducted on real and synthetic data sets to confirm the efficiency and effectiveness of our proposed Top-kCS2 approach under various parameter settings.
Effects of Avatar player-similarity and player-construction on gaming performance

Abstract There are a variety of ways in which the similarity of an avatar to its user has been achieved. In addition to the characteristics of an avatar, the source of the design can also impact the avatars utility. The current study focuses on how an avatar's similarity to the individual user through customization (similar vs. dissimilar) and who is the designer (player-vs other-construction) contribute to presence and performance. Results supported the separable importance of both avatar similarity and playerconstruction of avatars for game performance, as well as virtual presence, perception of performance, and perception of control. Performance was influenced by these design factors even in the absence of social engagement. Overall, the results of this study highlight the different effects that design, construction source and visual appearance have on avatar-player relationships and related performance.
On-line control reconfiguration at the machine and cell levels: case studies from the reconfigurable factory testbed

A static control system architecture cannot meet the demand for continually introducing new parts into manufacturing systems while maintaining high quality and throughput for existing parts; a reconfigurable control infrastructure is needed. Control authority in the factory is typically allocated to three levels: the machine, cell, and system. The machine controllers must be reconfigurable to process different parts, the cell controllers must be reconfigurable to adapt to different part flows, and the system level controller must be reconfigurable to adapt to new parts in the system. In this paper, we describe the reconfigurable control infrastructure that we have developed at the University of Michigan's reconfigurable factory testbed. We then show through example how this infrastructure enables the real-time reconfiguration of the controllers at the machine and cell levels to adapt to quality problems and unexpected faults
Studies on corneal polysaccharides. II. Characterization.

The polysaccharides of bovine corneal stroma isolated and fractionated on ECTEOLA columns have been characterized by chemical and physico-chemical methods. It was shown that the glucosaminoglycans eluted with 0.05 M hydrochloric acid solutions containing increasing concentrations of sodium chloride had a similar chemical composition but increasing molecular weight ranging from 4200 to 19,100. Chemical analysis identified the glucosaminoglycans as keratan sulphates. The galactosamino-glycan fractions all had approximately the same degree of polymerization and a molecular weight of about 40,000. Their chemical composition showed them to contain galactosamine and hexuronic acid in approximately equivalent amounts. The fractions obtained by elution with increasing Cl − concentration showed a progressive increase in the number of negative groups per disaccharide unit. All the polysaccharide preparations contained nitrogen in excess of that expected from their respective hexosamine values.
Methods of Testing Sandwich Constructions at Elevated Temperatures

This paper presents descriptions and discussions of test methods for evaluating the performance of structural sandwich constructions at elevated temperatures. The procedures employed have been found satisfactory for temperatures from 75° to 1,200° F. Included are summaries of methods used to determine sizes of test specimens.
Germany Before the World Wars: Preventive War or Innenpolitik?

The prevailing consensus in the historical community is that Germany provoked both of the twentieth century world wars. However, the question of why Germany did so is subject to far more scholarly controversy. Broadly, the explanations fall into two groupings: those that focus on international - i.e. third image - imperatives, and those that focus on individual and domestic factors - i.e. the first and second images. In this paper, using detailed case study analysis, I investigate two candidate explanations for German behavior before the world wars: the preventive war hypothesis and the Innenpolitik hypothesis. I find that the logic of prevention does not motivate either war in the long term; security concerns were at most an intervening phenomenon in the process leading to war. On the other hand, there is strong evidence to suggest that domestic resource conflict plays a major role in the decision processes leading to each war. In both cases, decision makers were worried about future economic stagnation, and saw economic and social imperialist policies as the best way to promote the economic interests of favored groups in the German population (agrarians and industrialists), while maintaining the consent of the working class. These economic and social imperialist policies, in turn, eventually led Germany to initiate war in both cases. This reevaluation of German motives prior to the world wars casts doubt on the broader preventive war literature insofar as it brings to light new mechanisms to explain why declining powers initiate war.
Style and function in East Polynesian fish-hooks

The concepts of style and function are theoretically defined from a neo-Darwinian perspective and the expected spatial-temporal distributions of each kind of trait outlined. Fish-hook assemblages from Aitutaki, Cook Islands, are examined using this framework and related to previously studied collections. Emerging stylistic patterns support notions of interaction between certain East Polynesian archipelagos around the 14th century AD.