cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Surface patches for 3D sketching

3D sketching is an appealing approach for creating concept shapes in the early stages of design. While curve networks alone can convey shape, surfacing the network can dramatically help with visualization and interaction. Unfortunately, surfacing a curve network is an inherently ambiguous problem, and even if the correct surface patches are identified, they can have an arbitrarily complex 3D geometry, making it challenging to produce a reasonable tessellation. In this paper we address the problem of creating light-weight surface tessellations on the fly. Our approach is to identify potential patches in the curve network, and then break complicated patches into simpler ones which can be tessellated using any simple algorithm. Our surfacing approach relies on the observation that breaking a complicated patch into a set of nearly planar ones with small total area seems to create a simple, natural-looking surfaces. We demonstrate our approach on curve networks generated by two different 3D sketching systems.
α2-Adrenergic systems: models for exploring hormonal inhibition of adenylate cyclase

Abstract α 2 -Adrenergic receptors are one of a number of receptor populations that are coupled to inhibition of basal and hormone-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity. It is felt that this direct attenuating effect on cAMP accumulation may be involved, at least in part, in mediating the characteristic physiological effects of α 2 -adrenergic agents. Studies in broken cell preparations have suggested a role for both GTP and Na + in inhibition of cyclase. The effects of GTP to be mediated by a GTP-binding protein distinct from the GTP-binding protein involved in activation of adenylate cyclase and by a membrane component distinct from that mediating the effects of Na + . The possibility that islet activating protein (one of the pertussis toxins) may provide a tool for identifying the GTP-binding protein(s) mediating hormonal inhibition of cyclase is discussed.
Toward advancement and evolution of forensic nursing: the interface and interplay of research, theory, and practice.

Florence Nightingale demonstrated some of the earliest examples of the intercon-nectivity of research, theory, and practice with victims and offenders.
Detergent-solubilized RNA polymerase from cells infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus.

The foot-and-mouth disease virus RNA polymerase complex was dissociated from cellular membranes with deoxycholate in the presence of dextran sulfate. The soluble polymerase complex was active in the cell-free synthesis of virus-specific RNA; solubilization of the complex permitted direct analysis of the cell-free reaction mixtures without recourse to RNA extraction. A major RNA-containing component found early during cell-free incubation ranged from approximately 140 to 300 S. The final major products of the cell-free system were 37 S virus RNA, 20 S ribonuclease-resistant RNA, and a 50 S component containing RNA.
Development and application of a monoclonal antibody against Thiothrix spp

Historically, methods used to identify Thiothrix spp. in environmental samples have been inadequate because isolation and identification procedures are time-consuming and often fail to separate Thiothrix spp. from other filamentous microorganisms. We described a monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) procedure which was used to identify Thiothrix spp. in wastewater, artesian springs, groundwater, and underwater subterranean samples. The ELISA utilized monoclonal antibody T3511 to a species-specific carbohydrate epitope of Thiothrix spp. No cross-reactions were observed among non-Thiothrix strains consisting of 12 species and nine genera. In field trials, the ELISA identified 100% of 20 biochemically and cytologically confirmed Thiothrix spp.-containing samples with no false positives. Indirect immunofluorescent microscopy utilizing T3511 was effective for wastewater samples but not for those from natural spring water because of background fluorescence in the latter. In addition, electron micrographs of Thiothrix spp. labeled with T3511-biotin-anti-mouse antibody-gold showed that epitope T3511 was intracellular both in laboratory strains and environmental isolates. The minimum level of detection of the ELISA was 0.10 microgram/ml.
Spin-outs: knowledge diffusion through employee mobility

In many industries, one important method of diffusion is through employee mobility: many of the entering firms are started by employees from incumbent firms using some of their former employer's technological know-how. This article explores the effect of incorporating this mechanism in a general industry framework by allowing employees to imitate their employers' know-how. The equilibrium is Pareto optimal because the employees “pay” for the possibility of learning their employers' know-how. The model's implications are consistent with data from the rigid disk drive industry. These implications concern the effects of know-how on firm formation and survival.
International Adoption: Infectious Diseases Issues

Nearly 220,000 children have been adopted from other countries by American parents since 1986. Approximately 65,000 children have arrived from China and Russia, mostly in the past 6 years. Most of these children reside in orphanages before adoption, where they may experience malnutrition, environmental deprivation, neglect, and exposure to infectious diseases. After arrival to the United States, international adoptees should undergo specialized screening evaluation for infectious diseases and other conditions. Infectious conditions of special concern include hepatitis B and C, syphilis, human immunodeficiency virus infection, tuberculosis, and presence of intestinal parasites. Before the adoption occurs, the infectious disease consultant may be asked to assist the primary care provider and the adoptive family with advice about travel and review of preadoptive medical records. After the adoption, the infectious diseases consultant may be asked to assess the adequacy of the child's vaccination record from the birth country and to assist in screening, evaluation, and management of infectious diseases.
Rũrĩmĩ na karamu: ithoga harĩ athamaki a Abirika

Andũ aingĩ meciragia atĩ ũmenyo, ũgĩ, cira na makĩria ũthamaki, ciumaga karamuinĩ. Gĩtũmi nĩ tondũ momenyo maingĩ matukũ maya tũrĩ matũkinyagĩra na njĩra ya mabuku. Ndini iria irĩ ngumĩi thĩinĩ wa ...
Achieving high-accuracy distributed localization in sensor networks

Accurate, distributed localization algorithms are needed for a wide variety of wireless sensor network applications. This paper introduces a scalable, distributed weighted-multidimensional scaling (dwMDS) algorithm that adaptively emphasizes the most accurate range measurements available and naturally accounts for communication constraints within the sensor network. For received signal-strength (RSS) based range measurements, we demonstrate via simulation that location estimates are nearly unbiased with variance close to the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRB). Further, RSS and time-of-arrival (TOA) channel measurements are used to demonstrate performance as good as the centralized maximum-likelihood estimator (MLE) in a real-world sensor network.
Adaptive location aided mobile ad hoc network routing

We combine location information and mobility feedback to create an innovative mobile ad hoc network (MANET) routing protocol which we demonstrate is effective over a wide range of mobility conditions typical in a MANET. We use link duration as our mobility feedback metric, and we demonstrate that mobility feedback using link duration effectively enables adaptive MANET protocols. Using our mobility feedback agent, we develop a hybrid MANET routing protocol which adapts between two MANET routing protocols in order to combine the strengths of both component protocols while avoiding their weaknesses. Our hybrid, adaptive protocol achieves data packet delivery ratios above 80% in VERY demanding network mobility conditions (i.e. link durations less than 4 seconds). In more stable networks (i.e., link durations more than 15 seconds), our protocol achieves data packet delivery ratios above 90%. While other existing MANET routing protocols can achieve similar data packet delivery ratios in stable networks, no other existing MANET routing protocol can achieve such high performance in unstable networks.
Urinary Albumin: How Low Is Normal?

CKD is not only a major cause of ESRD but also cardiovascular disease and premature death.[1][1][⇓][2]–[3][3] Prospective cohort studies document that macroalbuminuria (urinary albumin >300 mg/24 h or >200 μg/min) and microalbuminuria (urinary albumin 30–300 mg/24 h or 20–200 μg/min)
Mapping Critical Interactive Sites within the Periplasmic Domain of the Vibrio cholerae Type II Secretion Protein EpsM

The type II secretion (T2S) system is present in many gram-negative species, both pathogenic and nonpathogenic, where it supports the delivery of a variety of toxins, proteases, and lipases into the extracellular environment. In Vibrio cholerae, the T2S apparatus is composed of 12 Eps proteins that assemble into a multiprotein complex that spans the entire cell envelope. Two of these proteins, EpsM and EpsL, are key components of the secretion machinery present in the inner membrane. In addition to likely forming homodimers, EpsL and EpsM have been shown to form a stable complex in the inner membrane and to protect each other from proteolytic degradation. To identify and map the specific regions of EpsM involved in protein-protein interactions with both another molecule of EpsM and EpsL, we tested the interactions of deletion constructs of EpsM with full-length EpsM and EpsL by functional characterization and copurification as well as coimmunoprecipitation. Analysis of the truncated EpsM mutants revealed that the region of EpsM from amino acids 100 to 135 is necessary for EpsM to form homo-oligomers, while residues 84 to 99 appear to be critical for a stable interaction with EpsL.
Terahertz (THz) Electromagnetic Field Enhancement in Periodic Subwavelength Structures

In this paper, we show that periodic arrays of rectangular slots with subwavelength width provide for local electromagnetic field enhancements due to edge effects in low-frequency range, 10-25 cm-1. Periodic structures of Au, doped Si, and InSb with subwavelength thickness were studied. The half power enhancement width is ~500 nm and less around the slot edges in all cases, thereby possibly bringing terahertz (THz) sensing to the nanoscale. InSb is confirmed to offer the best results with the local power enhancements on the order of 1100 at frequency 14 cm-1. InSb and Si have large skin depths in the frequency range of interest and so the analysis of their structures was done through the Fourier expansion method of field diffracted from gratings. Au, however, has small skin depths at these frequencies compared with the thickness. Surface impedance boundary conditions were employed to model the Au structure, for which the Fourier expansion method was unsuitable owing to the huge magnitude of Au permittivity at these frequencies. The applications possibly include development of novel biosensors, with the strongly enhanced local electromagnetic fields leading to increased detection sensitivity, and monitoring biophysical processes such as DNA denaturation.
Toward an understanding of syringomyelia: MR imaging of CSF flow and neuraxis motion

Pathophysiologic mechanisms causing syringomyelia among patients with the Chiari I malformation have attracted considerable interest, but remain poorly understood. It is generally thought that alterations in CSF flow resulting from tonsillar obstruction at the foramen magnum lead to abnormalities in
Family Counseling Interventions: Understanding Family Systems and the Referral Process

Increases special educator's awareness of family systems and provides suggestions for dealing with students who have family problems
Experimental results on single flux quantum logic

The authors have optimized the design and calculated the margins for a number of single flux quantum (SFQ) logic elements, including AND, OR, XOR, splitter, DC-to-SFQ converter, and SFQ-to-DC converter. These are the fundamental building blocks necessary to construct more complex logic functions such as the half adder and full adder. Experimental tests of the primary gates, the AND, OR, XOR, and splitter, tests were made by imbedding each test gate between DC-to-SFQ converters at the inputs and SFQ-to-DC converters at the outputs. Automated testing of each circuit was used to determine functionality, optimum bias levels, and margins. The experimental bias current margins for each gate are consistent with the simulations. >
Resisting Neoliberalization: Communicative Planning or Counter-Hegemonic Movements?:

This article argues that existing critiques of communicative planning become more salient when we consider the challenges posed by neoliberalization, which is understood here to mean the ongoing pr...
System-level safe-operation-area fabrication of power electronic converter

This paper extended the research on the system-level safe operation area (SSOA) of power electronic converters in our previous literatures, which proposed a comprehensive procedure of constructing SSOA, investigated the impact of the microscopic transient processes and macroscopic control algorithms, and pictured the SSOA of a battery charger for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. The genetic algorithm is used to optimize the system parameters at the macroscopic level. More importantly, thermal characteristics of the MOSFETs and battery impedance are enclosed to enhance the system reliability and maximize the power capability. In the end, the SSOA for a SiC JFET based electric charger is also discussed.
On the Dynamics and Energy Transformations in Steady‐State Hurricanes

A dynamic model of the inflow layer in a steady mature hurricane is evolved, relating wind speed, pressure gradient, surface shearing stress, mass flow, and convergence. The low-level air trajectories are assumed to be logarithmic spirals. With this hypothesis, properties such as maximum wind and central pressure are determined through choice of a parameter depending on the inflow angle: a moderate hurricane arises with inflow angles of about 20°, while 25° gives an intense or extreme storm. Most of this study treats the moderate storm. In order to maintain its core pressure gradients, an oceanic source of sensible and latent heat is required. As a result, latent heat release in the inner hurricane area occurs at higher heat content (warmer moist adiabats) than mean tropical subcloud air. The heat transfer from the ocean and the release of latent heat in the core determine the pressure gradient along the trajectory, and this prescribes the particular trajectory selected by the air among an infinite number available from the logarithmic spiral family. This selection principle is evolved using recent work on “relative stability” of finite amplitude thermal circulations. Of an infinite number of dynamically possible spirals, the one is realized which maximizes the rate of kinetic energy production under the thermodynamic constraints, here formulated in terms of the relation between heat release and pressure gradient. Finally, rainfall, efficiency of work done by the storm, and kinetic energy budgets are examined in an attempt to understand the difference between the hurricane—a rare phenomenon—and the common sub-hurricane tropical storm. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1960.tb01279.x
Neural correlates of theory-of-mind reasoning: an event-related potential study.

Everyday understanding of human behavior rests on hav- ing a theory of mind—the ability to relate people's actions to under- lying mental states such as beliefs and desires. It has been suggested that an impaired theory of mind may lie at the heart of psychological disorders that are characterized by deficits in social understanding, such as autism. In this study, we employed the event-related potential methodology to index the activity of neural systems that are engaged during theory-of-mind reasoning in adults. Specifically, neural activ- ity elicited by tasks that required thinking about mental as compared with nonmental representations (i.e., beliefs vs. photographs) was characterized by a focally enhanced positivity over left frontal areas, which was diminished over left parietal areas. These findings provide an important perspective on both children's theory-of-mind develop- ment and the neurobiology of disorders in which theory of mind seems to be impaired.
Extensions of the Hausdorff-Young theorem

In this paper the clasical Hausdorff-Young theorem, which states that iff ∈Lp, 1≦p≦2, on the line and\(\hat f\) is its Fourier transform, then\(\left\| {\hat f} \right\|_q \leqq \left\| f \right\|_p \) whereq−1+p−1=1, is extended in two ways for certain Orlicz spacesLΦ. IfLΦ is based on (G, μ), (1) an arbitrary compact topological group with Haar measure, and (2) a locally compact abelian topological group andμ is again the Haar measure, then the above inequality is extended to these cases. Various other related results and remarks are also included.
Lesbian Women and HIV/AIDS

This chapter will focus on the unique needs of women who have sex with women. The virtual absence of women from the history of HIV prevention education efforts, with a particular focus on lesbian women and their unique needs as a subculture, will be discussed. Recommendations will be made addressing both research and prevention education needs as they pertain to this underserved population.
An Adaptive Troubleshooting Model for Complex and Dynamic System

Abstract Gaining insights into the principles underlying human reasoning and troubleshooting strategies is likely to lead to a more effective and intelligent computer-assisted interface design in diagnosis task. In this paper, an adaptive neuro-fuzzy model, which explores the latter approach, is proposed conceptually to implant human reasoning abilities and exploit human problem solving processes to diagnose novel faults by incorporating the knowledge association of fuzzy logic into the neural networks structure. The adaptive system, a hybrid of neural networks and fuzzy logic inference, has the potential to capture the benefits of three levels of troubleshooting knowledge, low level statistical results, middle level designer’s control knowledge, and high level operator’s field technique, into a single capsule.
Classification of Salmonella enterica serotypes with selective bands using visible/NIR hyperspectral microscope images

Optical detection of foodborne bacteria such as Salmonella classifies bacteria by analysing spectral data, and has potential for rapid detection. In this experiment hyperspectral microscopy is explored as a means for classifying five Salmonella serotypes. Initially, the microscope collects 89 spectral measurements between 450 and 800 nm. Here, the objective was to develop correct classification of five serotypes with optimal spectral bands selected through multivariate data analysis (MVDA), thus reducing the data processing and storage requirement necessary for practical application in the food industry. An upright digital microscope is equipped with an acousto-optical tuneable filter, electron multiplying charge-coupled device, and metal halide lighting source. Images for each of the five serotypes were collected, and informative bands were identified through a principal component analysis, for four abbreviated spectral ranges containing 3, 7, 12 and 20 spectral bands. The experiment was repeated with an independent repetition and images were collected at each of the reduced band sets, identified by the first repetition. A support vector machine (SVM) was used to classify serotypes. Results showed that with the first repetition, classification accuracy decreased from 99.5% (89 bands) to 84.5% (3 bands), whereas the second repetition showed classification accuracies of 100%, possibly due to a reduction in spectral noise. The support vector machine regression (SVMR) was applied with cross-validation, and had R(2) calibration and validation values >0.922. Although classification accuracies through SVM classification showed that as little as 3 bands were able to classify 100% of the samples, the SVMR shows that the smallest root-mean squared-error values were 0.001 and 0.002 for 20 and 12 bands, respectively, suggesting that the 12 band range collected between 586 and 630 nm is optimal for classifying bacterial serotypes, with only the informative HMI bands selected.
Strategies for the analysis of oncogene overexpression. Studies of the neu oncogene in breast carcinoma.

The development of a consistent strategy for the analysis of oncogene expression at the cellular level is essential for understanding the roles of these genes in the development and progression of human neoplasia. Detection of the neu oncogene products in breast carcinoma was selected as a model for analysis of oncogene expression. Fifty-two primary human breast carcinomas were evaluated by quantitation of neu DNA amplification and mRNA expression and by localization of neu mRNA and protein (pi 85) at the cellular level by in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The specificity and sensitivity of the molecular and immunologic probes for neu were established with the use of genetically engineered cell lines that overexpressed either neu or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Twenty-nine percent of breast carcinomas demonstrated neu DNA amplification and mRNA overexpression, and there was close correlation between the level of neu mRNA expression and detection of neu gene products by ISH and IHC. Thirty-two percent of carcinomas demonstrated neu mRNA overexpression by ISH. The immunohistochemical method using TA1 monoclonal antibody for pi 85 was exquisitely sensitive in acetonefixed frozen sections and provided an excellent approach for judging overexpression as confirmed by the various molecular analyses. All areas of nonmalignant breast epithelium stained weakly, and a wide range of staining intensity was observed in malignant breast epithelium, with 31 % of carcinomas judged to be pi 85 overexpressors. Heterogeneous expression of pi 85 was seen in some carcinomas. This study provides a strategic approach for the evaluation of oncogene expression in human tumors.
Regional differences in glycoconjugates of intestinal M cells in mice: potential targets for mucosal vaccines

We have used a panel of lectins and antibodies to describe the composition of complex carbohydrates associated with M cells in various regions of the intestinal tract of adult BALB/c mice. The fuco...
Analysis of Glutamatergic and Gabaergic Receptor Dynamics in Coupled Oscillator Neural Model

The hippocampus plays a crucial role in information storage and is associated with long-term episodic and semantic memories. It is frequently used as a test bed for the development and evaluation o...
Collaborative multihop transmission of sensor-network imagery

We present an algorithm that efficiently exploits inter- and intra- sensor correlation structure inherent in a sensor-network environment for the purpose of power-constrained distributed transmission of imagery. We define an optimal multihop strategy and, we show that our algorithm presents a gain of 200% in network lifetime.
Zone 2 sacral fractures managed with partially-threaded screws result in low risk of neurologic injury

Abstract Background Zone 2 sacral fractures account for 34% of sacral fractures with reported neurological deficit in 21−28% of patients. The purpose of this study was to examine the risk factors for neurological injury in zone 2 sacral fractures. The authors hypothesized that partially thread iliosacral screws did not increase incidence of neurologic injury. Methods A retrospective review of consecutive patients admitted to a level 1 trauma center with zone 2 sacral fractures requiring surgery from September 2010 to September 2014 was performed. Patients were excluded if no neurologic exam was available after surgery. Fractures were classified according to Denis and presence/absence of comminution through the neural foramen was noted. Fixation schema was recorded (sacral screws or open reduction and internal fixation with posterior tension plate). Any change in post-operative neurological exam was documented as well as exam at last clinic encounter. Results 90 patients met inclusion criteria, with zone 2 fractures and post-operative neurological exam. No patient with an intact pre-operative neurologic exam had a neurological deficit after surgery. 86 patients (95.6%) were neurologically intact at their last follow-up examination. Four patients (4.4%) had a neurological deficit at final follow-up, all of them had neurological deficit prior to surgery. 81 patients were treated with partially threaded screws of which 1 (1.2%) had neurological deficit at final follow-up. Fifty-seven fractures (63.3%) were simple fractures and 33 fractures (36.7%) were comminuted. All four patients with neurological deficit had comminuted fractures. The association between neurologic deficit in zone 2 sacral fracture and fracture comminution was found to be statistically significant (p-value = 0.016). No nonunion was observed in this cohort. Conclusions The use of partially threaded screws for zone 2 sacral fractures is associated with low risk for neurologic injury, suggesting that compression through the fracture does not cause iatrogenic nerve damage. The low rate of sacral nonunion can be attributed to compression induced by the use of partially threaded compression screws. There is a strong association between zone 2 comminution and neurologic injury.
Cloud transforms it Big Data transforms business

This article consists of a collection of slides from the author's conference presentation on te transformation of business via cloud computing and Big Data. Some of the specific topics discussed include: the transformation of information technology (IT) from mainframe computing to cloud computing; phases of IT maturity; market growth for x86 systems; revenue growth comparisons for mobile devices, desktop systems; and servers; areas of technological demand via virtual infrastructures; the emergence of the software-defined data center; and the emergence of big data and its impact in the information technology industry.
Greatly Increasing Trapped Ion Populations for Mobility Separations Using Traveling Waves in Structures for Lossless Ion Manipulations

The initial use of traveling waves (TW) for ion mobility (IM) separations using structures for lossless ion manipulations (SLIM) employed an ion funnel trap (IFT) to accumulate ions from a continuous electrospray ionization source and was limited to injected ion populations of ∼106 charges due to the onset of space charge effects in the trapping region. Additional limitations arise due to the loss of resolution for the injection of ions over longer periods, such as in extended pulses. In this work a new SLIM “flat funnel” (FF) module has been developed and demonstrated to enable the accumulation of much larger ion populations and their injection for IM separations. Ion current measurements indicate a capacity of ∼3.2 × 108 charges for the extended trapping volume, over an order of magnitude greater than that of the IFT. The orthogonal ion injection into a funnel shaped separation region can greatly reduce space charge effects during the initial IM separation stage, and the gradually reduced width of the p...
Chronodes: Interactive Multifocus Exploration of Event Sequences

The advent of mobile health (mHealth) technologies challenges the capabilities of current visualizations, interactive tools, and algorithms. We present Chronodes, an interactive system that unifies data mining and human-centric visualization techniques to support explorative analysis of longitudinal mHealth data. Chronodes extracts and visualizes frequent event sequences that reveal chronological patterns across multiple participant timelines of mHealth data. It then combines novel interaction and visualization techniques to enable multifocus event sequence analysis, which allows health researchers to interactively define, explore, and compare groups of participant behaviors using event sequence combinations. Through summarizing insights gained from a pilot study with 20 behavioral and biomedical health experts, we discuss Chronodes’s efficacy and potential impact in the mHealth domain. Ultimately, we outline important open challenges in mHealth, and offer recommendations and design guidelines for future research.
One-Way Fee Shifting after Summary Judgment

New, defendant-friendly discovery amendments to the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure took effect on December 1, 2015. Although the discovery amendments created more controversy than perhaps anything the rulemakers have done in recent memory, defense-side advocates are pressing a still more ambitious proposal: to outright flip who pays for discovery, from the party who produces the discovery to the party who requests it. We share the view of most commentators that so-called "requester pays" is too extreme. But we also think the current regime — so called "producer pays" — errs too far in the other direction (even after the new amendments to the rules). In this article, we rely on economic analysis to offer a middle way: to ask plaintiffs to pay the cost of responding to their discovery requests only if they do not find anything trial worthy in those requests and lose their cases on summary judgment. Although Congress certainly has the power to implement our proposal, we believe that the rulemakers may be able to do so on their own as well.
Perioperative management of dual anti-platelet therapy.

ABSTRACTDual anti-platelet therapy denotes a regimen of aspirin plus a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor, clopidogrel, prasugrel, or ticagrelor. Such therapy is a cornerstone of medical management following acute coronary syndromes and is imperative following percutaneous coronary interventions. While there is uncertainty about the optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy following percutaneous coronary intervention, the new 2016 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Guidelines suggest that for patients with stable ischemic heart disease at least six months of such therapy following a drug eluting stent and one month following a bare metal stent should be implemented. In patients with acute coronary syndrome including non-ST elevation and ST elevation myocardial infarction it is recommended to extend dual antiplatelet therapy treatment to one year in both drug eluting stent and bare metal stent groups. There may be latitude for earlier discontinuation in appropriately selected patients; ex...
Exploring salutogenesis as a concept of health and wellbeing in nurses who thrive professionally

Aim: To determine whether salutogenesis, a concept of health and wellbeing, can be identified in nurses who self-describe as thriving professionally. Background: Nurse burnout can potentially impact clinical performance, patient safety, and increase the turnover of nurses, which all contribute to additional healthcare costs. The ability to not only avoid burnout, but to thrive in stressful environments is an important factor worth exploring. The salutogenic concept is related to this. Method: This was a mixed-method, exploratory, descriptive study involving 12 volunteer nurses. Results: Qualitative data analysis revealed the following main themes: ‘other people’, ‘passion’, ‘coping mechanisms’, ‘personal characteristics’ and ‘time’. Quantitative data revealed the average sense of coherence (SOC) score, which measures a person's perceived health, was 73.58 out of a possible 91 points. Ranking of scores revealed the four highest scoring means all correlated to the meaningfulness category of the SOC question...
The bloomsbury research handbook of Chinese philosophy methodologies

Philosophy has long been concerned with its own methodologies, but methodology has become particularly important in recent decades as the discipline has faced, first, “the encroachment” of science ...
Fe oxidation by a fused cytochrome-porin common to diverse Fe-oxidizing bacteria

Fe oxidation is one of Earths major biogeochemical processes, key to weathering, soil formation, water quality, and corrosion. However, our ability to track the contributions of Fe-oxidizing microbes is limited by our relatively incomplete knowledge of microbial Fe oxidation mechanisms, particularly in neutrophilic Fe-oxidizers. The genomes of many Fe-oxidizers encode homologs to an outer-membrane cytochrome (Cyc2) that has been shown to oxidize Fe in two acidophiles. Here, we demonstrate the Fe oxidase function of a heterologously expressed Cyc2 homolog derived from a neutrophilic Fe oxidizer. Phylogenetic analyses show that Cyc2 from neutrophiles cluster together, suggesting a common function. Sequence analysis and modeling reveal the entire Cyc2 family is defined by a unique structure, a fused cytochrome-porin, consistent with Fe oxidation on the outer membrane, preventing internal Fe oxide encrustation. Metatranscriptomes from Fe-oxidizing environments show exceptionally high expression of cyc2, supporting its environmental role in Fe oxidation. Together, these results provide evidence that cyc2 encodes Fe oxidases in diverse Fe-oxidizers and therefore can be used to recognize microbial Fe oxidation. The presence of cyc2 in 897 genomes suggests that microbial Fe oxidation may be a widespread metabolism.
Parotid Space: Anatomic Imaging

The authors present imaging anatomy of the parotid space and discuss non-neoplastic lesions, autoimmune disorders, cysts, neoplastic lesions, epithelial tumors, and nonepithelial lesions. They describe the diseases and their appearance on imaging, describing how the differential diagnoses appear, along with presenting examples of the images, primarily computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.
Barcode Medication Administration Implementation in the FIAT Health System

“Don’t you see? This won’t make a difference in the long run,” pleaded Dr. Target, the Medical Director of Information Services.
Electrolyte Disorders in the Newborn

Hyponatremia is defined as a serum sodium level <135 mEq/L [1]. It is one of the most common electrolyte disorders encountered in the newborn in both the outpatient and inpatient setting. The cause is usually easily identified by history, but in many cases, it can be elusive. Hyponatremia has typically been viewed as relatively benign condition, but there is increasing evidence in both children and adults suggesting that hyponatremia is a serious condition [2]. Numerous studies in adults have revealed that even mild and asymptomatic hyponatremia is an independent predictor of mortality [3]. Studies in neonates have revealed that hyponatremia is an independent predictor of poor neuromotor outcome and has been associated with impaired neonatal growth and development, sensorineural hearing loss, cerebral palsy, and intracranial hemorrhages [4, 5]. The most serious complication of hyponatremia is that of hyponatremic encephalopathy. Increasing evidence has revealed that the majority of hyponatremic encephalopathy in children is iatrogenic and related to errors in parenteral fluid therapy [6].
PLASMA-SPRAYED INSULATED METAL SUBSTRATES

Plasma spraying has been employed to fabricate insulative coatings of alumina, spinel, cordierite, and forsterite. X-ray analyses have shown the as-sprayed coatings of alumina to be predominantly in the gamma (α) crystalline phase, spinel to possess its equilbrium crystal structure, while cordierite and forsterite were amorphous in the as-sprayed state. The dielectric constant and loss tangent for these coatings are being studied as functions of frequency and temperature. Special reference is made in this report to the dielectric behavior of alumina as a plasma-sprayed coating.
The Role of Scholarly Publication in Geocognition and Discipline-Based Geoscience Education Research

Geoscience has a long history of scholarly publication about education and learning. Over time, this work has covered both pedagogical and research findings. Pedagogical findings, related to educational settings, may be most clearly classified as “geoscience education,” while research findings in any setting can be grouped under the heading of “geocognition.” A new domain of scholarship in geocognition, the interdisciplinary study of how people perceive and understand Earth, has clearly emerged. Publication of research into cognitive, affective, or psychomotor processes that relate to human interaction with the Earth, including in educational settings, is occurring in a wide range of journals. Referencing rates within exemplar journals, such as the Journal of Geoscience Education, indicate both areas that the community values, such as learning science, as well as disconnects between geocognition and related communities in other sciences. Research findings need to be communicated among geocognition researchers, to similar scholars in other science domains, and to geoscientists in general. Interdisciplinary communication and oversight may be the most effective pathway to ensuring that geocognition research disseminated to broader scientific communities is of the highest quality.
HPC enabled parallel, multi-scale & mechanistic model for high shear granulation using a coupled DEM-PBM framework

Abstract A multiscale model combines the computational efficiency of a macro-scale model and the accuracy of a micro-scale model. With the current cyberinfrastructure resources available, using more computationally intensive and concurrent multiscale models are more feasible. This study proposes to use Discrete Element Method (DEM) and a Population Balance Model (PBM) in a simultaneous manner to model the granulation process of a pharmaceutical product inside a high shear granulator. The DEM provides the collision data while the PBM helps in predicting the macroscale phenomena like aggregation and breakage. The execution of each of the components is governed by a multilevel job scheduler which allocates resources. This method of using shorter bursts of each simulation led to faster simulation times as well as a more accurate model of the high shear granulator. The Quality by Design (QbD) approach is addressed using such a modelling framework and it also helps us understand the granulation process in a quantitative as well as in a mechanistic manner.
Use of Facebook for civilian-led disaster response after a winter storm: A "Snowed Out Atlanta" case study.

Objective: To determine disaster response-related contexts and themes of Facebook posts that were communicated on the “Snowed Out Atlanta” Facebook page in response to winter storm Leon in 2014. Design: A content analysis. Participants: A sample of 537 posts from the “Snowed Out Atlanta” Facebook page posted between January 29, 2014 and February 4, 2014. Main outcome measures: (1) Disaster response-related contexts and themes of Facebook posts communicated in response to winter storm Leon; (2) the shift in the contexts and themes of posts following the storm; and (3) health-related significance of posts for disaster epidemiology purposes. Results: Of the 537 posts from the “Snowed Out Atlanta” Facebook page, 260 posts (48 percent) were of importance to disaster response efforts. Thirty-eight percent of these posts offered some form of assistance, of which general help and assisting with basic necessities were the dominant themes. One day after winter storm Leon, 189 (64 percent) of the Facebook posts were related to disaster response. Findings also show that very few posts (3.2 percent) from the “Snowed Out Atlanta” page were relevant for disaster epidemiology purposes. Conclusion: Overall, the “Snowed Out Atlanta” Facebook page is a representation of how social media forums can be used to mitigate adverse effects of severe winter weather events. Nearly half of the Facebook posts were relevant for disaster response and were more common in the immediate aftermath of winter storm Leon. Most of the posts offered general help or assistance with basic necessities. An analysis of posts with health-related content suggested that disaster epidemiology should be emphasized less for severe winter weather compared to other hazards. The results from this study provide insightful information to anticipate the needs of people adversely impacted by severe winter weather.
Sequence-Controlled Stimuli-Responsive Single–Double Helix Conversion between 1:1 and 2:2 Chloride-Foldamer Complexes

The primary sequence in biopolymers carries the information to direct folded secondary structures, to modulate their stabilities, and to control the resultant functions. Our ability to encode such ...
libIS: a lightweight library for flexible in transit visualization

As simulations grow in scale, the need for in situ analysis methods to handle the large data produced grows correspondingly. One desirable approach to in situ visualization is in transit visualization. By decoupling the simulation and visualization code, in transit approaches alleviate common difficulties with regard to the scalability of the analysis, ease of integration, usability, and impact on the simulation. We present libIS, a lightweight, flexible library which lowers the bar for using in transit visualization. Our library works on the concept of abstract regions of space containing data, which are transferred from the simulation to the visualization clients upon request, using a client-server model. We also provide a SENSEI analysis adaptor, which allows for transparent deployment of in transit visualization. We demonstrate the flexibility of our approach on batch analysis and interactive visualization use cases on different HPC resources.
Reviews and Resources:The Desk Encyclopedia of Microbiology (Second edition): BOOK

Microbiology is a wide research field, covering topics ranging from the very basics, such as what can be considered as a microbe, all the way to how microbes interact with their environment and one another. In fact, it is so wide that literature associated with it tends to be specialized instead of generalized.
Should I Choose This Salesperson? Buyer’s Emergent Preference in Seller from Mere Exposure

Thin slices of observations based on first impressions anchor preference in the salesperson—the rudimentary belief in a first encounter that the target is consideration-worthy. The authors posit th...
Relato de prática - voluntariado no Panamá

Relato de tres medicas internas de Medicina Geral e Familiar sobre a sua experiencia de voluntariado no Panama, durante 2 semanas de Maio de 2018.
Wrong for womankind and the nation: Anti-abortion discourses in 20th-century Ireland:

This article asks how anti-abortion discourses and dialogues engaged with ideas about motherhood, national identity, and women’s reproductive decision-making in 20th-century Ireland, particularly f...
Engaging a State Medical Society in Oral Health: A Community Action Report

Increasingly, the medical community is recognizing how oral health relates to overall health and engaging in oral health promotion. In 2012, the Massachusetts Medical Society set out to explore how to prioritize oral health as a part of its public health agenda. It began with an Oral Health Forum, which evolved into a Committee on Oral Health. This committee is the first of its kind in a state medical society and is comprised of a diverse group of medical and dental professionals. In this article, we review the process by which the committee was established, report on projects, and reflect on lessons learned.
Monitoring Results of Aluminum Contents in Flour Products in Shenzhen City

h[Objective] To understand the aluminum contents in flour products in Shenzhen City,to analyze the causes of overproof,to put forward some strategies and advices of controlling aluminum pollution,and provide scientific basis for health supervision.[Methods] ICP-MS method was adopted to determine aluminum content of flour products collected from restaurants ,canteens,factories and supermarkets.[Results]A total of 530 samples of 7 kinds of flour products were detected,the total qualified rate was 54%,among which the qualified rate of flour,rice rolls,fried food,baked food,cakes,steamed food and twisted cruller was 100%,100%,100%,96%,53%,44% and 35%,respectively. The average content of aluminum was 145.0 mg/kg.[Conclusion]The high content of aluminum in twisted cruller,steamed food and cake is related with food additives application with aluminum. It suggests that the hygiene supervise organization should reinforce health supervision and testing of aluminum content in flour food.
Association between polypharmacy and health-related quality of life among US adults with cardiometabolic risk factors

There are known associations between cardiometabolic risk factors and polypharmacy; however, there is no evidence about how polypharmacy among adults with cardiometabolic risk factors impacts their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The main objective of this study was to assess the association between polypharmacy and HRQoL among adults with cardiometabolic risk factors living in the USA. Individuals age ≥ 18 years with at least one of the three cardiometabolic risk factors (diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension) were identified from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey 2015 data. We defined polypharmacy as use of at least five classes of prescription medications. Physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) were obtained from the 12-item Short-Form Health Survey version 2 to measure HRQoL. We conducted adjusted ordinary least-square regressions to determine the association between polypharmacy and HRQoL. We identified 7621 (weighted N = 80 million) adults with at least one cardiometabolic risk factors of whom 46.9% reported polypharmacy. Polypharmacy was noted in 29.7% of those with hypertension, whereas 82.4% of those with all the three cardiometabolic risk factors had polypharmacy. The unadjusted mean PCS and MCS scores for those with polypharmacy were lower than those without polypharmacy. In the multivariable regressions, we found that adults with polypharmacy had significantly lower PCS scores (β = − 4.27, p < 0.0001) compared to those without polypharmacy, while the MCS scores between those with and without polypharmacy were no longer significantly different. Surveillance of use of concurrent prescription medications is warranted so as to improve physical functioning in this vulnerable group.
A Bis-Indole-Derived NR4A1 Antagonist Induces PD-L1 Degradation and Enhances Antitumor Immunity.

PD-L1 is expressed in tumor cells and its interaction with PD-1 plays an important role in evading immune surveillance; this can be overcome using PD-L1 or PD-1 immunotherapy antibodies. This study reports a novel approach for targeting PD-L1. In human breast cancer cell lines and 4T1 mouse mammary tumor cells, PD-L1 expression was regulated by the nuclear receptor NR4A1/Sp1 complex bound to the proximal germinal center (GC)-rich region of the PD-L1 gene promoter. Treatment of breast cancer cells with bis-indole–derived NR4A1 antagonists including 1,1-bis(3′-indolyl)-1-(3-chloro-4-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)methane (Cl-OCH3) decreased expression of PD-L1 mRNA, promoter-dependent luciferase activity, and protein. In in vivo studies using a syngeneic mouse model bearing orthotopically injected 4T1 cells, Cl-OCH3 decreased tumor growth and weight and inhibited lung metastasis. Cl-OCH3 also decreased expression of CD3+/CD4+/CD25+/FoxP3+ regulatory T cells and increased the Teff/Treg ratio. Therefore, the potent anticancer activities of NR4A1 antagonists are also accompanied by enhanced antitumor immunity in PD-L1–expressing triple-negative breast cancer and thus represent a novel class of drugs that mimic immunotherapy. Significance: These findings show that the orphan nuclear receptor NR4A1 controls PD-L1 expression and identify a chemical probe capable of disrupting this regulatory axis.
Role of Aggregate Gradation in Balancing the Performance of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures

Improving the durability and long-term performance of asphalt concrete (AC) has become a major concern, especially with the increase in the use of recycled materials, warm mix asphalt additives and...