cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Postpartum exuberance: Not all women in a highly positive emotional state in the postpartum period are denying depression and distress

Cette etude se proposait d'examiner si oui ou non les meres ayant obtenu un score faible aux echelles de depression d'evaluation personnelles-nommees niant -niaient leurs symptomes et la souffrance a partir d'une illusion de sante mentale. Les resultats ne soutinrent pas l'interpretation selon laquelle les meres a faible score niaient d'autres symptomes. En fait, les meres a faible score 1) faisaient l'experience d'une grande variete d'emotions et de niveaux similaires d'emotions positives comparees aux meres ayant des symptomes moindres (moyens); 2) changeaient le niveau qu'elles rapportaient de symptomes depressifs au cours de l'etude: 3) rapportaient une variete de symptomes a des niveaux similaires a ceux d'une mere etant dans la categorie de symptomes moyens; et 4) etaient affecteees de maniere negative par le fait qu'elles avaient ete diagnostiquees de depression, d'une maniere similaire aux meres des groupes de symptomes moyens et eleves. De plus, les meres a symptomes legers rapportaient immanquablement les profils les plus positifs d'adaptation maternelle avec les plus hauts niveaux d'amour-propre maternel et un taux eleve d'affect positif a negatif dont elle faisaient etat elles-memes. En consequence. elles semblaient faire l'experience d'un etat postpartum largement positif normal (jusqu'ici attenue dans la description) que nous avons appelle exhuberance postpartum. L'exuberance postpartum, ainsi qu'un compromis du fonctionnement affectif associe a tout diagnostic de depression dans une vie quel que soit le niveau courant des symptomes depressifs, met l'accent sur la complexite de la reactivite emotionnelle durant la periode postpartum.
Fracture in Straight Pipes Under Large Deflection Conditions—Part I: Structural Deformations

The dynamic motion of an axially oriented through crack in a pressurized cylinder was studied numerically. Both small and large deflection theories were used, with the results suggesting that large deflections may be important for elastic, but not for plastic stress fields. Computations were also made with pressures predicted by consideration of fluid outflow through the crack and indicate that the crack shape near the tip is independent of the pressure profile.
Community-Based Support among African American Public Housing Residents

Recent shifts from federally owned public housing toward tenant-based housing assistance in the form of vouchers raise important questions about the health and wellbeing of rent-assisted households. In particular, little is known about how these shifts in housing policy will affect access to critical sources of community-based social support among those who receive rent assistance. Using the Survey of Income and Program Participation, we estimate the relationship between residence in a federally owned public housing project and the reported presence of social support among a nationally representative sample of blacks who receive rent assistance. We find that in comparison to other rent-assisted households, public housing residents are significantly more likely to report that people in their neighborhood count on each other, watch each other’s children, and have access to help from a family nearby. We also find that these measures of community-situated social support are associated with reduced odds of school expulsion among children and food insecurity among adults. In conclusion, we find evidence suggesting that public housing communities contain social resources that are important to the wellbeing of their residents and are less accessible to other rent-assisted households.
O-Linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) Regulates Stress-induced Heat Shock Protein Expression in a GSK-3β-dependent Manner

To investigate the mechanisms by which O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine modification of nucleocytoplasmic proteins (O-GlcNAc) confers stress tolerance to multiple forms of cellular injury, we explored the role(s) of O-GlcNAc in the regulation of heat shock protein (HSP) expression. Using a cell line in which deletion of the O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT; the enzyme that adds O-GlcNAc) can be induced by 4-hydroxytamoxifen, we screened the expression of 84 HSPs using quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. In OGT null cells the stress-induced expression of 18 molecular chaperones, including HSP72, were reduced. GSK-3β promotes apoptosis through numerous pathways, including phosphorylation of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) at Ser303 (Ser(P)303 HSF1), which inactivates HSF1 and inhibits HSP expression. In OGT null cells we observed increased Ser(P)303 HSF1; conversely, in cells in which O-GlcNAc levels had been elevated, reduced Ser(P)303 HSF1 was detected. These data, combined with those showing that inhibition of GSK-3β in OGT null cells recovers HSP72 expression, suggests that O-GlcNAc regulates the activity of GSK-3β. In OGT null cells, stress-induced inactivation of GSK-3β by phosphorylation at Ser9 was ablated providing a molecular basis for these findings. Together, these data suggest that stress-induced GlcNAcylation increases HSP expression through inhibition of GSK-3β.
Toxoplasma gondii inhibits covalent modification of histone H3 at the IL-10 promoter in infected macrophages.

Infection of macrophages with the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii results in inhibition of a large panel of LPS-responsive cytokines, including TNF-α, while leaving others such as IL-10 intact. Recent studies provide evidence that the parasite interferes with chromatin remodeling at the TNF-α promoter that is normally associated with LPS stimulation, but that is not required for TLR4 induction of IL-10. Here, we examined the effect of Toxoplasma on IL-10 induced by simultaneous signaling through TLR4 and FcγR, a combined stimulus that triggers histone H3 covalent modification at the IL-10 promoter resulting in high level IL-10 cytokine production. We show that the parasite inhibits high level IL-10 production and prevents histone H3 Ser10 phosphorylation and Lys9/14 acetylation at the IL-10 promoter. These results provide compelling evidence that T. gondii targets the host cell chromatin remodeling machinery to down-regulate cytokine responses in infected macrophages.
Management of cytomegalovirus infection in solid organ transplantation

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections are among the most common infections that occur following solid organ transplantation. CMV disease ranges from asymptomatic viremia, to CMV syndrome, to tissue-invasive disease. As CMV prophylaxis, treatment, diagnostics, and overall awareness have improved, the general trend has been towards earlier diagnosis of CMV disease and more mild clinical presentations in solid organ transplant recipients. Major stumbling blocks remain in the areas of duration of prophylaxis for the individual recipient, in the identification of which patients might need secondary prophylaxis, in the treatment of resistant virus, and in the possible use of the adoptive transfer of CMV-specific T cells. Several guidelines have been published during the past few years regarding the management of CMV in solid organ transplant recipients. This Review covers CMV diagnostics, methods for the prevention of CMV infection, treatment of both regular and drug-resistant CMV, as well as future directions for CMV management and research.
Distinct consequences of sterol sensor mutations in Drosophila and mouse patched homologs.

The membrane protein Patched (Ptc) is a critical regulator of Hedgehog signaling. Ptc is among a family of proteins that contain a sterol sensor motif. The function of this domain is poorly understood, but some proteins that contain sterol sensors are involved in cholesterol homeostasis. In the SREBP cleavage-activating protein (SCAP), sterols inhibit the protein's activity through this domain. Mutations in two highly conserved residues in the SCAP sterol sensor have been identified that confer resistance to sterol regulation. We introduced the analogous mutations in the sterol sensor motif of fly Ptc and mouse Ptc1 and examined their effect on protein activity. In contrast to SCAP, the sterol sensor mutations had different affects on Drosophila Ptc; Ptc Y442C retained function, while Ptc D584N conferred dominant negative activity. In the wing imaginal disc, Ptc D584N overexpression induced Hedgehog targets by stabilizing Cubitus interruptus and inducing decapentaplegic. However, Ptc D584N did not induce collier, a gene that requires high levels of Hedgehog signaling. In mouse Ptc1, the Y438C and D585N mutations did not stimulate signaling in Shh-responsive cell lines but did complement murine ptc1−/− cells. The results suggest that mutations in sterol sensor motifs alter function differently between sterol sensor family members.
Evolutionary Stable Strategy for Postdisaster Insurance: Game Theory Approach

AbstractMitigation of the financial impacts associated with natural disasters is becoming an urgent objective at both the national and international levels, as the rate and magnitude of natural disasters are continuing to increase. Using an evolutionary game theory approach, this paper aims to find an equilibrium profile of postdisaster insurance plans purchased by resident families and sold by insurance companies, as well as ex-postdisaster relief implemented by a government agency. This dynamic integrated assessment minimizes the total losses for the three aforementioned associated stakeholders, thus maximizing welfare within natural disaster host community systems. To this end, the authors determined a plausible set of actions and utility functions for the associated stakeholders. Also, they created a hypothetical sample of 1,000 resident families accounting for heterogeneous income levels, three insurance companies offering three unique insurance plans per company—each with different premium and cover...
Adaptation in Lesch-Nyhan cells exposed to aminopterin

Abstract Fibroblasts from a particular patient with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome developed full resistance to aminopterin, in association with a progressive increase in 3H-hypoxanthine incorporation. This represented a gradual and generalized adaptation. When aminopterin treatment was stopped, the minimal 3H-hypoxanthine uptake of untreated cells was re-established. The hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase activity of extracts of these cells was as low as in other Lesch-Nyhan cultures, but aminopterin-treated cells contained more than twice as much activity, suggesting that an increased amount of enzyme caused the adaptation. However, this conlusion can only be tentative in view of the complex and circular nature of the interconversions of hypoxanthine, inosine and inosinic acid in these extracts.
Arachidonic Acid Stimulates Prostate Cancer Cell Growth: Critical Role of 5-Lipoxygenase

Arachidonic acid (5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid), a member of the omega-6 poly-unsaturated fatty acids, was found to be an effective stimulator of human prostate cancer cell growth in vitro at micromolar concentrations. Selective blockade of the different metabolic pathways of arachidonic acid (e.g. ibuprofen for cyclooxygenase, SKF-525A for cytochrome P-450, baicalein and BHPP for 12-lipoxygenase, AA861 and MK886 for 5-lipoxygenase, etc.) revealed that the growth stimulatory effect of arachidonic acid is inhibited by the 5-lipoxygenase specific inhibitors, AA861 and MK886, but not by others. Addition of the eicosatetraenoid products of 5-lipoxygenase (5-HETEs) showed stimulation of prostate cancer cell growth similar to that of arachidonic acid, whereas the leukotrienes were ineffective. Moreover, the 5-series of eicosatetraenoids could reverse the growth inhibitory effect of MK886. Finally, prostate cancer cells fed with arachidonic acid showed a dramatic increase in the production of 5-HETEs which is effectively blocked by MK886. These experimental observations suggest that arachidonic acid needs to be metabolized through the 5-lipoxygenase pathway to produce 5-HETE series of eicosatetraenoids for its growth stimulatory effects on human prostate cancer cells.
Comparisons of gyrofluid and gyrokinetic simulations

The gyrokinetic and gyrofluid models show the most promise for large scale simulations of tokamak microturbulence. This paper discusses detailed comparisons of these two complementary approaches. Past comparisons with linear theory have been fairly good, therefore the emphasis here is on nonlinear comparisons. Simulations include simple two‐dimensional slab test cases, turbulent three‐dimensional slab cases, and toroidal cases, each modeling the nonlinear evolution of the ion temperature gradient instability. There is good agreement in both turbulent and coherent nonlinear slab comparisons in terms of the ion heat flux, both in magnitude and scaling with magnetic shear. However, the nonlinear saturation level for ‖Φ‖ in the slab comparisons shows differences of approximately 40%. Preliminary toroidal comparisons show agreement within 50%, in terms of ion heat flux and saturation level.
A Qualitative Study of the Mindfulness Meditation Training for Sport: Division I Female Soccer Players’ Experience

This study explored how members of a Division I varsity women’s soccer team experienced a 6-week, 12 session mindfulness meditation training for sport (MMTS) program. The coaching staff and entire team participated in the MMTS program. Seven of the team members volunteered to be interviewed after their participation in the MMTS program. Thematic analysis was implemented. Most participants reported difficulty understanding the process of meditation at the start of the MMTS program. Post-MMTS, they reported an enhanced ability to accept and experience a different relationship with their emotions, both on and off the field. They also noted the importance of creating a phrase of care for self and team for cohesion purposes. Enhanced mindfulness, awareness, and acceptance of emotional experiences were attributed directly to the mindfulness training. Participants provided specific recommendations for future sport-focused mindfulness meditation programs.
Critical Values For Cochran’s Test

This table contains critical values, gα,k,n, for Cochran’s test where α is the significance level, k is the number of independent estimates of variance, each of which is based on v degrees of freedom.
Evidence for a new hepatitis C virus antigen encoded in an overlapping reading frame.

Many viruses have overlapping genes and/or regions in which a nucleic acid signal is embedded in a coding sequence. To search for dual-use regions in the hepatitis C virus (HCV), we developed a facile computer-based sequence analysis method to map dual-use regions in coding sequences. Eight diverse full-length HCV RNA and polyprotein sequences were aligned and analyzed. A cluster of unusually conserved synonymous codons was found in the core-encoding region, indicating a potential overlapping open reading frame (ORF). Four peptides (A1, A2, A3, and A4) representing this alternate reading frame protein (ARFP), two others from the HCV core protein, and one from bovine serum albumin (BSA) were conjugated to BSA and used in western blots to test sera for specific antibodies from 100 chronic HCV patients, 44 healthy controls, and 60 patients with non-HCV liver disease. At a 1:20,000 dilution, specific IgGs to three of the four ARFP peptides were detected in chronic HCV sera. Reactivity to either the A1 or A3 peptides (both ARFP derived) was significantly associated with chronic HCV infection, when compared to non-HCV liver disease serum samples (10/100 versus 1/60; p , 0.025). Antibodies to A4 were not detected in any serum sample. Our western blot assays confirmed the presence of specific antibodies to a new HCV antigen encoded, at least in part, in an alternate reading frame (ARF) overlapping the core-encoding region. Because this novel HCV protein stimulates specific immune responses, it has potential value in diagnostic tests and as a component of vaccines. This protein is predicted to be highly basic and may play a role in HCV replication, pathogenesis, and carcinogenesis.
Theory of Corrosion of Alkali-Borosilicate Glass

The alkali-borosilicate (ABS) system provides the basis for a wide variety of commercially important products among which are the nuclear waste glasses. Although a large number of investigations have been undertaken in the last five years, the corrosion mechanisms of the ABS glasses have not been characterized nearly as well as for the soda-lime-silicate (NCS) glasses commonly used for containers. It is well known that the corrosion of the latter glasses involves ion exchange, network dissolution, and precipitation mechanisms resulting in the development of one of five types of surface films. In the present paper we compare the corrosion behavior to the ABS and NCS glasses and discuss our current understanding of ABS glass corrosion in terms of mechanisms, kinetics, surface film formation and thermodynamics.
MIMO-OFDM channel estimation based on subspace tracking

In this paper, we propose a channel estimation algorithm for multiple-input and multiple-output orthogonal frequency for division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) systems, which has considerably less leakage than DFT-based channel estimators. This algorithm uses the optimum low-rank channel approximation obtained by tracking the frequency autocorrelation matrix of the channel response. The coefficients corresponding to dominant eigenfactors of the autocorrelation matrix are estimated every OFDM block while the eigenfactors are only updated using the training block that is transmitted every M blocks due to the slowly-varying feature of the frequency autocorrelation. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce channel estimation error and thus improve system performance.
Characterizations of Lamellar Interfaces and Segregations in a PST-TiAl Intermetallic Alloy by an Analytical Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope

Polysynthetically-twinned titanium aluminide (PST-TiAl), a fully lamellar γ-TiAl + α2-Ti3Al dual-phase alloy, is under evaluation for applications in rotary components in aircraft and automobile industries due to its high specific strength, and a high strength-retention capability at elevated-temperatures. However, the low ductility at room- to mid-high temperatures of the material hinders its application. Additions of certain tertiary elements to the binary TiAl system appear to improve the ductility at room- to mid-high temperatures, thus a balance among strength, ductility, and fracture toughness can be expected. In this article, segregation of tertiary elements to the lamellar interfaces is investigated. Single crystals of a TiAl with 0.6% atomic percentage tertiary additions are grown by an optical float-zone method. Segregation to the lamellar interfaces and the microstructure of the interfaces are investigated. Structures of the lamellar interfaces are characterized, and microchemistry and distribution habits of these elements along the ψ+α2 lamellar boundaries as well as the ψ-ψ lamellar and domain boundaries are analyzed.
The Role of Learning Context in High School Students’ Financial Knowledge and Behavior Acquisition

Using social construction theory, associations between student and classroom characteristics and high school students’ financial knowledge and behavior acquisition after studying a financial planning curriculum were examined. Prior to curriculum study, Whites, those growing up in a farm family business, and those who were working had higher financial knowledge; male and female knowledge differed by content. After curriculum study, females, those not growing up in a farm family business, and those who were not working gained most from curriculum study. While Whites, those who were working, and males exhibited more positive behaviors prior to curriculum study, after curriculum study, students living in states having financial mandates and those who did not grow up in a farm family business increased their positive behaviors most.
MCD4 Encodes a Conserved Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane Protein Essential for Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Anchor Synthesis in Yeast

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins are cell surface-localized proteins that serve many important cellular functions. The pathway mediating synthesis and attachment of the GPI anchor to these proteins in eukaryotic cells is complex, highly conserved, and plays a critical role in the proper targeting, transport, and function of all GPI-anchored protein family members. In this article, we demonstrate that MCD4, an essential gene that was initially identified in a genetic screen to isolate Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants defective for bud emergence, encodes a previously unidentified component of the GPI anchor synthesis pathway. Mcd4p is a multimembrane-spanning protein that localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and contains a large NH2-terminal ER lumenal domain. We have also cloned the human MCD4 gene and found that Mcd4p is both highly conserved throughout eukaryotes and has two yeast homologues. Mcd4p’s lumenal domain contains three conserved motifs found in mammalian phosphodiesterases and nucleotide pyrophosphases; notably, the temperature-conditional MCD4 allele used for our studies (mcd4–174) harbors a single amino acid change in motif 2. The mcd4–174 mutant (1) is defective in ER-to-Golgi transport of GPI-anchored proteins (i.e., Gas1p) while other proteins (i.e., CPY) are unaffected; (2) secretes and releases (potentially up-regulated cell wall) proteins into the medium, suggesting a defect in cell wall integrity; and (3) exhibits marked morphological defects, most notably the accumulation of distorted, ER- and vesicle-like membranes. mcd4–174 cells synthesize all classes of inositolphosphoceramides, indicating that the GPI protein transport block is not due to deficient ceramide synthesis. However, mcd4–174 cells have a severe defect in incorporation of [3H]inositol into proteins and accumulate several previously uncharacterized [3H]inositol-labeled lipids whose properties are consistent with their being GPI precursors. Together, these studies demonstrate that MCD4 encodes a new, conserved component of the GPI anchor synthesis pathway and highlight the intimate connections between GPI anchoring, bud emergence, cell wall function, and feedback mechanisms likely to be involved in regulating each of these essential processes. A putative role for Mcd4p as participating in the modification of GPI anchors with side chain phosphoethanolamine is also discussed.
PowerHerd: dynamic satisfaction of peak power constraints in interconnection networks

Power consumption is a critical issue in interconnection network design, driven by power- related design constraints, such as thermal and power delivery design. Usually, off-line worst-case power analysis is used in network design to guarantee safe on-line operation, which not only increases system cost but also constrains network performance. In this work, we present an on-line mechanism, called PowerHerd, which can dynamically regulate network power consumption, and guarantee that network peak power constraints are not exceeded. PowerHerd is a distributed approach -- within the interconnection network, each router dynamically maintains a local power budget, controls its local power dissipation, and exchanges spare power resources with its neighboring routers to optimize network performance.Experiments demonstrate that PowerHerd can effectively regulate network power consumption meeting peak power constraints with negligible network performance penalty. Armed with PowerHerd, network designers can focus on system performance and power optimization for the average case rather than the worst case, thus making it possible to employ a more powerful interconnection network in the system.
Preschool Deaf Children's Use of Signed Language during Writing Events

This research examined young deaf children's social interaction during free-choice writing time in their preschool classroom. The study examined the ways in which five deaf children used signed lan...
Transcriptional control of the chicken cardiac myosin light-chain gene is mediated by two AT-rich cis-acting DNA elements and binding of serum response factor.

Abstract Transcriptional control of the cardiac/slow skeletal alkali myosin light-chain (MLC1c/1s) gene is mediated, in part, by two highly conserved AT-rich cis-acting elements present in the immediate 5' flanking region. These elements cooperate to form an enhancer that can impart tissue specificity to heterologous promoters that are themselves not tissue specific in their pattern of expression. In the chicken, one of these elements matches the binding site for myocyte-specific enhancer-binding factor 2, while the other is a cis-acting element present in the transcriptional control regions of all striated alkali MLC genes (except MLC3f) and is referred to as the MLC box. The central decanucleotide core region of the MLC box closely resembles the CArG (CC[A/T]6GG) box of the serum response element, and the binding of muscle nuclear protein complexes to this element can be competed for with a synthetic serum response element. On the basis of their competition profiles and requirements for nonspecific competitor, two nuclear protein complexes, which compete for binding to the CArG-like region of the MLC box, have been identified. One of the complexes binds to a mutation of the CArG-like region that inactivates transcription of a linked reporter gene, while binding of the other complex is inhibited by this mutation. This latter complex reacts with an antibody to serum response factor (SRF) and exhibits the same binding characteristics as purified SRF. These results demonstrate that transcriptional control of the chicken MLC1c/1s gene resides in an upstream enhancer that is composed of two separate AT-rich elements, both of which are required to drive expression of a linked reporter gene. The binding of a nuclear protein complex containing SRF to one of these elements, the MLC box, is required for gene activation and apparently inhibited by other nuclear factors whose binding overlaps that of the SRF complex.
Welfare impacts of rural electrification : evidence from Vietnam

Access to electricity is crucial for economic development and there is a growing body of literature on the impact of rural electrification on development. However, most studies have so far relied on cross-sectional surveys comparing households with and without electricity, which have well known causal attribution problems. This paper is one of the first studies to examine the welfare impacts of households rural electrification based on panel surveys conducted in 2002 and 2005 for some 1,100 households in rural Vietnam,. The findings indicate that grid electrification has been both extensive (connecting all surveyed communes by 2005) and intensive (connecting almost 80 percent of the surveyed households by 2005). Vietnam is unusual in that once electricity is locally available, both rich and poor households are equally likely to get the connection. The econometric estimations suggest that grid electrification has significant positive impacts on households cash income, expenditure, and educational outcomes. The benefits, however, reach a saturation point after prolonged exposure to electricity. Finally, this study recommends investigating the long-term benefits of rural electrification - not just for households, but for the rural economy as a whole.
A Technological Science Perspective for Sociology1

The traditional positivist model is an inadequate foundation for sociology as a science. The phenomena of society differ from the phenomena assumed by positivism and existing in the world of nature in ways that prevent the successful use of that traditional approach. Agency, the ability to choose among alternatives where the choice makes an important difference, exists in social phenomena but has no counterpart in nature and cannot be dealt with adequately by positivism. A technological science perspective is suggested as an alternative for a science of sociology that can deal with the reality and importance of agency. Eight differences between the traditional perspective and the alternative are sketched. The alternative requires changes in the kind of generalized knowledge produced and the way it is produced, accumulated, and refined. The changes, though seemingly small, would produce a major reconstruction of much of sociology; such changes could result in important progress by the field of sociology.
Production of the Phytohormone Indole-3-Acetic Acid by Estuarine Species of the Genus Vibrio

Strains of Vibrio spp. isolated from roots of the estuarine grasses Spartina alterniflora and Juncus roemerianus produce the phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The colorimetric Salkowski assay was used for initial screening of IAA production. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) was then employed to confirm and quantify IAA production. The accuracy of IAA quantification by the Salkowski assay was examined by comparison to GC-MS assay values. Indole-3-acetamide, an intermediate in IAA biosynthesis by the indole-3-acetamide pathway, was also identified by GC-MS. Multilocus sequence typing of concatenated 16S rRNA, recA, and rpoA genes was used for phylogenetic analysis of environmental isolates within the genus Vibrio. Eight Vibrio type strains and five additional species-level clades containing a total of 16 environmental isolates and representing five presumptive new species were identified as IAA-producing Vibrio species. Six additional environmental isolates similar to four of the Vibrio type strains were also IAA producers. To our knowledge, this is the first report of IAA production by species of the genus Vibrio or by bacteria isolated from an estuarine environment.
Acceptance of Mass Customization of Apparel: Merchandising Issues Associated With Preference for Product, Process, and Place

The purpose of our research was to examine apparel merchandising issues associated with mass customization. A questionnaire was developed to explore preferences for mass customization product, process, and place that have the potential of affecting success of a mass customization program. The questionnaire was administered to a convenience sample of 131 college students. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, McNemar tests, within-subject ANOVA, and Bonferroni multiple comparisons. Successful mass customization of apparel at retail is dependent on identification of appropriate dimensions of product, process, and place. Our implications address merchandising issues associated with customer involvement in customizing design and fit of apparel products in retail store settings.
Effects of Radar Sampling on Single-Doppler Velocity Signatures of Mesocyclones and Tornadoes

Abstract Simulated WSR-88D (Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler) radar data were used to investigate the effects of discrete azimuthal sampling on Doppler velocity signatures of modeled mesocyclones and tornadoes at various ranges from the radar and for various random positions of the radar beam with respect to the vortices. Results show that the random position of the beam can change the magnitudes and locations of peak Doppler velocity values. The important implication presented in this study is that short-term variations in tornado and far-range mesocyclone intensity observed by a WSR-88D radar may be due to evolution or due to the chance positions of the radar beam relative to the vortex’s maximum rotational velocities or due to some combination of both.
Hearing Loss: Diagnosis and Evaluation.

Abstract Hearing loss is a common disability in the United States, most frequent among men, elderly individuals, and veterans but is increasingly affecting other younger adults. Types of hearing loss include sensorineural, conductive, and mixed. Hearing loss in children often is related to infections, time spent in a neonatal intensive care unit, and genetic etiologies. Presbycusis (ie, age-related hearing loss) is the most common etiology in adults. Adverse effects of untreated hearing loss include isolation, depression, lower income, and higher unemployment. Hearing aid use reduces levels of disability, cognitive impairment, and psychosocial distress while improving quality of life. At least 75% of individuals with hearing loss are not receiving treatment for it. All infants should be screened for hearing loss, as should children and adults with risk factors. The Joint Commission on Infant Hearing Screening has a 1-3-6 goal for screening: identification by age 1 month, confirmation by age 3 months, and intervention by age 6 months. The presence of an ongoing physician-patient relationship increases the likelihood that a patient will admit to having a hearing loss. Adults can be screened using single-question or standardized instrument screens. All patients with suspected hearing loss should undergo audiometry by an audiology subspecialist.
Correlates of Vocal Display in a Costa Rican Population of Strawberry Poison-Dart Frogs, Dendrobates pumilio

Variation in the frequency and intensity of territorial displays occurs within individuals and populations. Such variation should be correlated with variation in potential costs and benefits of the behaviors. We examined temporal variation in vocal displays of male Strawberry Poison-Dart Frogs (Dendrobates pumilio) and investigated correlations with environmental and social factors. Forty-three adult male D. pumilio were studied for six-day sessions. Five vocalization characteristics (total time calling, mean call group duration, number of call groups, call note rate, and proportion of days calling) were quantified. Each of these calling variables was greater between 0630 and 0830 h than at other times through the day. Perch use (occupation of elevated display sites) was greater between 0530 and 0930 h than at other times of day, a period that extends one hour before and after the peak in calling activity. There was no difference between vocalization patterns on or off perches for any of the calling characteristics, but males called during a larger proportion of observations when on perches than when off perches. Snout-vent length was not correlated with any of the calling characteristics. Rainfall during the previous 24-h period was positively correlated with all calling characteristics and perch use.
Research Diagnostics: An Interactive Assessment Tool

Studies have shown that students are more likely to retain information and achieve a higher level of thinking if professors incorporate a variety of teaching methods that respect the various ways that students absorb information. In an effort to acknowledge and validate the learning styles of all students, the author developed online Research Diagnostics to supplement the legal research curriculum. This article describes the Research Diagnostics and discusses the benefits of using the Research Diagnostics to assist in teaching legal research skills.
Economic Impact of Paratuberculosis

The economic impact of paratuberculosis has been estimated in dairy cattle for several areas of the United States and in some other dairy-intensive areas of the world. Losses are primarily due to decreased milk production and unrealized income related to premature culling. Milk production losses in the range of 15% have been reported in paratuberculosis-infected cows. Additional economic costs include diagnostic testing, control measures, and accelerated cull and replacement rates.
The First Documented Case of High-Grade Synovial Cell Sarcoma of the Rectum

A patient presented with signs and symptoms of tenesmus, urgency, and rectal bleeding that she had been experiencing over the course of several months. Full endoscopic evaluation showed a 6-cm submucosal mass approximately 10 cm from the dente line projecting as an endoluminal mass with a large broad base. An initial endoscopic resection was attempted but aborted because of significant hemorrhage, and surgical oncology was consulted. After stabilization, the patient underwent a transanal resection of the mass the following day. An endoscopic gastrointestinal anastomosis stapler resulted in a margin-negative complete resection of what was later determined to be a high-grade synovial cell sarcoma. This case report presents the first known documented case of synovial cell sarcoma of the rectum.
The student pharmacist chemical health scale (SPCHS) lifetable analysis of the percentage of student pharmacists transitioning from alcohol use to dependence: A research brief

Alcohol dependence affects a small proportion of the population but contributes disproportionately to crime and other societal burdens. Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) suggest that approximately 2% of alcohol users transition to dependence after their first year of use. This number increases to approximately 11% after a decade of use. There remains, however, a paucity of evidence regarding alcohol use and dependence in healthcare students, particularly those entrusted with oversight of the medication use system. One important goal of the present study is to estimate the probability of student pharmacists transitioning from alcohol use to dependence.
From God to Man: Origins of the Western Worldview

In his ‘Essay on Man’ the English poet Alexander Pope, a pious Catholic, was eloquently pleading for a retention of the social order ordained by the Church. It is man’s God-given nature to be social, said Pope, and therefore self-fulfilment is possible only in relation to others. He reacted in horror at the notion emerging from the Age of Reason that humans are basically selfish, greedy and lonely and the purpose of social institutions is merely to regulate these propensities. The true satisfactions in life that Pope believed came only from meeting the obligations of reciprocal affection were being replaced in peoples’ hearts and minds by the false satisfactions of personal wealth and power.
Where do Property Rights Matter More? Explaining the Variation in Demand for Property Titles across Cities in Mexico

This paper examines the variation in the value of property rights to housing in Mexico, focusing specifically on differences between urban housing markets. Roughly 30% of owner-occupied houses in Mexico do not have a proper deed. Houses with no deed are estimated to be five percent less valuable than otherwise similar houses with a full deed, yet this premium varies widely across cities. I match data from the 2012 and 2014 National Survey of Household Incomes and Expenditures to different sources of city-level data in order to examine hypotheses explaining this variation in a multilevel regression framework. I find that deeds are valued more in cities with more highly educated residents, more political competition, and more voting. Measures of local economic activity, degree of informality, and the regulatory bureaucracy are not associated with higher value to full property rights. Additionally, I find that more educated households value deeds more, and having a deed is more valuable for larger houses in neighborhoods with less vacancy and higher infrastructure quality. Based on these results, I suggest funds to subsidize titling should be redirected to places where titles are worth more. More broadly, I suggest policymakers reconsider framing property-titling programs as poverty alleviation. Low-income households would benefit more from subsidies for improvements to housing and residential infrastructure. At the same time, the federal government should further push to reduce the costs of transferring property.
The Use of Esophageal Manometry in the Diagnosis of Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders

Esophageal manometry is a technique used to detect abnormal sleep-related respiratory events. One method used to measure and score esophageal pressure during sleep is described. The contraindications for esophageal manometry, the methods for scoring esophageal pressure, the use of esophageal manometry as the “gold standard”, and directions for future research are discussed.
Quantifying Kinase-Specific Phosphorylation Stoichiometry Using Stable Isotope Labeling In a Reverse In-Gel Kinase Assay

Despite recent advancements in large-scale phosphoproteomics, methods to quantify kinase-specific phosphorylation stoichiometry of protein substrates are lacking. We developed a method to quantify kinase-specific phosphorylation stoichiometry by combining the reverse in-gel kinase assay (RIKA) with high-resolution liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Beginning with predetermined ratios of phosphorylated to nonphosphorylated protein kinase CK2 (CK2) substrate molecules, we employed 18O-labeled adenosine triphosphate (18O-ATP) as the phosphate donor in a RIKA, then quantified the ratio of 18O- versus 16O-labeled tryptic phosphopeptide using high mass accuracy mass spectrometry (MS). We demonstrate that the phosphorylation stoichiometry determined by this method across a broad percent phosphorylation range correlated extremely well with the predicted value (correlation coefficient = 0.99). This approach provides a quantitative alternative to antibody-based methods of determining the extent of pho...
The public health roots of zoning : In search of active living's legal genealogy

BACKGROUND: Improvements in the built environment and changes in land-use policy are promising approaches to increasing physical activity among a largely sedentary population. Opportunities for walking and cycling as part of daily life are important to increasing physical activity and improving health. Yet, local zoning codes and related land-use regulations have made it difficult to create vibrant, mixed-use neighborhoods with well-connected streets and more compact development-the infrastructure necessary to support healthier rates of walking and cycling for transportation. METHODS: To better understand the dynamic nature of land-use law and policy, and how policymakers might accomplish zoning reform to encourage more physically active environments, this paper traces the public health roots of zoning through a family tree of land-use legal doctrines. RESULTS: Zoning and public health laws evolved from the same legal ancestors-the common law of public nuisance and the expansion of state police powers, both premised on protection of the public's health. When the U.S. Supreme Court approved zoning in the 1926 case of Ambler Realty v. Village of Euclid, it nominally recognized the health basis of zoning. But it went on to craft a new legal rationale focused more on protection of property rights and residential neighborhoods. Since Euclid, court decisions have given little consideration to the public health roots of zoning. Given an emerging body of research demonstrating the importance of walking-friendly environments and the deference shown by the courts to the passage of zoning laws, the courts are likely to support policymakers as they move to change zoning systems conceived long ago. CONCLUSIONS: Legal, historical, and policy rationales support the modernization of zoning and land use policies that allow sensible mixes of land uses. Mixed land uses make walking an attractive alternative to driving and support a more physically active and healthy citizenry.
Cardiovascular endocrinology: Is ANGPTL3 the next PCSK9?

Recent reports suggest that molecular therapies targeting ANGPTL3 and its encoded protein angiopoietin-like protein 3 have clinical potential comparable to therapies targeting PCSK9 and its encoded protein proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9. By mainly affecting triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, ANGPTL3 inhibition might prove complementary to LDL cholesterol lowering with PCSK9 blockade.
Diffusion of point defects in strontium titanate

Abstract Single crystals of strontium titanate were equilibrated with damp hydrogen of fixed P H 2 O P H 2 ratio. Steps in the P H 2 O P H 2 ratio were imposed over the samples, and the tran electrical conductivity was measured until a new equilibrium was attained. By analysis of the transient electrical conductivity data the diffusion coefficient of oxygen vacancies was determined. The temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficient was obtained in the range from 900 to 1200°C. The enthalpy of motion for oxygen vacancies was found to be 6.0 kcal mole .
A synthetic mitochondrial-based vector for therapeutic purposes.

Abstract Delivery of large DNA constructs is necessary for combinatorial, anti-aging gene therapy. However, this is hindered by the lack of a non-inflammatory vector with sufficient packaging space and the ability to effectively spread through tissue. It is possible that a mitochondrion, altered to be able to secrete therapeutic proteins, could serve as an ideal gene delivery vector in this regard (for post-mitotic cells at least). Initial transfection of mitochondria with a therapeutic gene vector could be undertaken by MITO-Porter, i.e., a dual-layered fusogenic liposomal-based delivery system. Then, once a protein export pathway from the mitochondrial matrix to the cytoplasm is achieved via Sec translocon installation in the inner membrane (IM), three other components would be necessary for vector maintenance. First of all, fusion with other mitochondria must be prevented through mitofusin-cleaving protease expression on the outer membrane (OM). Second of all, mitophagy must be evaded via the expression of deubiquitylases (DUBs) on the OM. Third of all, free radical damage to the membrane over time could be prevented by shutting down electron transport chain (ETC) activity via destruction of the endogenous mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) inside the vector – and expression of an ATP import channel to harvest sufficient energy from the host cell. The most crucial part of this plan would be to achieve Sec translocon installation in the IM. The hypothesis of this article is that Sec translocon installation into the IM may be achieved using one of a few molecular methods described herein. It is possible that it could simply occur through gene expression from a mitochondrial matrix-localized gene construct and spontaneous (or Oxa1-assisted) insertion into the mitochondrial IM. Alternatively, it could be incorporated into the MITO-Porter IM prior to fusion with patient-derived mitochondria. Lastly, it may be sent to the mitochondrial IM via the TIM/TOM complex, although hydrophobic membrane proteins may fold prematurely in the cytoplasm before reaching the mitochondrial TIM/TOM complex. Regardless, SecYEG, when present in the IM to a small degree initially, should suffice to install more copies of itself from a mitochondrial matrix-localized gene vector. After proteins (with a C-terminal tag and autotransporter domain) have been sent to the intermembrane space from the matrix in unfolded form, the endogenous SAM complex would suffice to export them to the OM, where the relevant (passenger) domain may be cleaved off by an orthogonal protease and released into the cytoplasm.
Nonlinear multimode buckling dynamics examined with semiflexible paramagnetic filaments

We present the contractile buckling dynamics of superparamagnetic filaments using experimental, theoretical, and simulation approaches. Under the influence of an orthogonal magnetic field, flexible magnetic filaments exhibit higher-order buckling dynamics that can be identified as occurring in three stages: initiation, development, and decay. Unlike initiation and decay stages where the balance between magnetic interactions and elastic forces is dominant, in the development stage, the influence of hydrodynamic drag results in transient buckling dynamics that is nonlinear along the filament contour. The inhomogeneous temporal evolution of the buckling wavelength is analyzed and the contractions under various conditions are compared.