cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effects of gestational stress and neonatal handling on pain, analgesia, and stress behavior of adult mice

Stressors presented during the late prenatal and early postnatal periods can have long-term effects on offspring behavior, due to the sensitive periods in the formation of brain circuitry associated with early development. This study investigated the long-term effects of prenatal (restraint during the last week of gestation) and postnatal (daily handling for 14 days postnatal) stress, alone and in combination, on adulthood pain behavior, analgesic responses to stress and morphine, and on behavioral indices of stress reactivity. We found that all of the adult responses measured were altered by perinatal manipulations. Nociceptive thresholds were increased by prenatal or by postnatal stress in males and females; application of both stressors in combination negated these effects. Elevations in morphine analgesia were also observed in animals undergoing either perinatal stressor, but not in those who received both stressors. Behavioral and analgesic responses to stress were consistent with previous observations of reduced stress responsiveness following neonatal handling, with some sex-specific findings. Male and female handled subjects exhibited decreases in stress behavior, and both groups of female handled subjects (regardless of prenatal stress [PS] condition) exhibited decreases in stress-induced analgesia (SIA). Males, on the other hand, exhibited decreases in SIA only if they were prenatally stressed (regardless of handling condition). Thus, prenatal and postnatal stressors have differing effects on the neural circuitry underlying pain, pain inhibition, and stress behavior.
Application of the International Prognostic Scoring System-Revised in therapy-related myelodysplastic syndromes and oligoblastic acute myeloid leukemia

Application of the International Prognostic Scoring System-Revised in therapy-related myelodysplastic syndromes and oligoblastic acute myeloid leukemia
An investigation of oven methods for determining the moisture content of shelled peanuts

Air-oven methods, using ground, sliced, and whele shelled peanuts, were investigated. The use of ground samples was found to be unsatisfactory. Slightly more accurate results were obtained with whole nuts than with sliced nuts. The method of heating 50-g. samples of whole shelled peanuts for 3 hrs. at 130°C. in a foreed-draft oven gave results agreeing closely with those obtained by the Karl Fischer method for samples of low moisture content.
MAGNESIUM CONTENT OF SELECTED FOODS

The magnesium content of about 150 foods was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Generally bread and cereal products and chocolate and licorice candies had two to three times the magnesium per wet weight as milk, meat or vegetable products. The ratios of magnesium to caloric content of these foods were also calculated using published values for caloric content of the foods. Generally the ratios were higher in vegetables than in meat, milk and cereal products.
Pricing of Foreign GAAP Earnings in U.S. Capital Market Prior to the SEC Required Reconciliation Disclosure

Abstract The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requires foreign registrants to include in their annual reports on Form 20-F reconciliation to U.S. GAAP of net income, earnings per share, and shareholders' equity, if materially different. Previous research indicates that foreign firms usually file their reports with the SEC near or at the deadline, that is six months after the fiscal year-end and about three months after the earnings announcement. The purpose of this study is to examine U.S. investors' ability to interpret foreign GAAP earnings before the SEC regulated disclosure becomes publicly available. Presented empirical evidence indicates that market participants are able to infer U.S. GAAP earnings from the foreign GAAP earnings at the time of initial earnings announcements.
Passive accumulation of magnesium, sodium, and potassium by chick calvaria.

Four-day-old chick calvaria were used to determine the passive concentrations of magnesium, sodium, and potassium in metabolically poisoned bone. When incubated in buffers containing the blood levels of sodium and magnesium, these calvaria contained sodium and magnesium at the identical concentrations found in freshly dissected calvaria. Calvarial sodium and magnesium levels could be varied by altering the buffer concentrations of these cations. The potassium content of metabolically poisoned calvaria incubated in buffers containing 4 mM potassium was less than 20% of the content of freshly dissected calvaria. When the buffer concentrations of sodium and potassium were systematically varied, ouabain-poisoned calvaria concentrated these cations in the bone extracellular fluid by a factor of approximately two above buffer cation levels. Presumably, the hydroxyapatite crystal zeta potential is responsible for this concentrative phenomenon. These results are discussed in terms of the control of the ionic content of the bone extracellular fluid by the postulated “bone membrane.”
Assignment of heme resonances and determination of the electronic structures of high- and low-spin nitrophorin 2 by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy: an explanation of the order of heme methyl resonances in high-spin ferriheme proteins.

The (1)H NMR resonances of the heme substituents of the low-spin Fe(III) form of nitrophorin 2, as its complexes with N-methylimidazole (NP2-NMeIm) and imidazole (NP2-ImH), have been assigned by a combination of (1)H homonuclear two-dimensional NMR techniques and (1)H-(13)C HMQC. Complete assignment of the proton and partial assignment of the (13)C resonances of the heme of these complexes has been achieved. Due to favorable rates of ligand exchange, it was also possible to assign part of the (1)H resonances of the high-spin heme via saturation transfer between high- and low-spin protein forms in a partially liganded NP2-NMeIm sample; additional resonances (vinyl and propionate) were assigned by NOESY techniques. The order of heme methyl resonances in the high-spin form of the protein over the temperature range of 10-37 degrees C is 8 = 5 > 1 > 3; the NMeIm complex has 5 > 1 > 3 > 8 as the order of heme methyl resonances at 3 > 1 > 8, due to crossover of the closely spaced 3- and 1-methyl resonances of the low-spin complex at higher temperatures. This crossover defines the nodal plane of the heme orbital used for spin delocalization as being oriented 162 +/- 2 degrees clockwise from the heme N(II)-Fe-N(IV) axis for the heme in the B orientation. For the NP2-ImH complex, the order of heme methyl resonances is 3 > 5 > 1 > 8, which defines the orientation of the nodal plane of the heme orbital used for spin delocalization as being oriented approximately 150-155 degrees clockwise from the heme N(II)-Fe-N(IV) axis. In both low-spin complexes, the results are most consistent with the exogenous planar ligand controlling the orientation of the nodal plane of the heme orbital. In the high-spin form of NP2, the proximal histidine plane is shown to be oriented 135 degrees clockwise from the heme N(II)-Fe-N(IV) axis, again for the B heme orientation. A correlation between the order of heme methyl resonances in the high-spin form of NP2 and several other ferriheme proteins and an apparent 90 degrees shift in the nodal plane of the orbital involved in spin delocalization from that expected on the basis of the orientation of the axial histidine imidazole nodal plane have been explained in terms of bonding interactions between Fe(III), the axial histidine imidazole nitrogen, and the porphyrin pi orbitals of the high-spin protein.
Hypersensitivity reactions to ingested crustacea: Clinical evaluation and diagnostic studies in shrimp-sensitive individuals

Adverse reactions to ingested crustacea are common and may be life-threatening. We studied 14 individuals with histories of such reactions to shrimp by immediate skin tests and RAST with extracts of shrimp, crab, crayfish, and lobster. Nine of these subjects (8/8 atopics and 1/6 nonatopics) had positive immediate skin tests (wheal greater than or equal to 2 mm) and RAST (ratios greater than 3.0) to shrimp. Their skin tests and RAST ratios to the other crustacea were also frequently positive even, in several cases, in the absence of prior exposure. In contrast, only 1/10 volunteers with no history of intolerance to crustacea had a weak positive skin test to raw shrimp. These studies suggest that both skin tests and RAST are useful in the confirmation of hypersensitivity to shrimp in atopic individuals and that cross-reactivity among crustacea may exist.
Utility of magnetic resonance imaging in evaluating inflatable penile prosthesis malfunction and complaints.

The introduction of oral pharmacotherapy dramatically changed practice patterns in erectile dysfunction. The direct effect was to decrease the numbers of patients seeking penile implants; an indirect effect has been the changing ratio of new, to re-do operations. Patients seeking replacement inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) surgery pose challenges both in diagnosis and management; in very select cases preoperative MRI can be useful in the evaluation of the patient's complaint and in planning operative management. Imaging can supplement the physical exam; in certain cases imaging will reveal: crural herniation, corporal distortion, corporal fibrosis, and hardware migration. Inflatable penile prosthesis has a high rate of satisfaction for patients (89%) and partners (70%). The prinicipal reasons for dissatisfaction are penile shortening, pain and frustration with reoperation. If pain is not due to infection, it may be secondary to malpositioning, improper sizing, cylinder cross-overs, or herniation. After one or more reoperations, penile distortion may occur secondary to tunica albugenia thinning or fibrosis. A series of cases will be presented to highlight the utility of MRI for IPP problems, define normal appearance and abnormal appearance of penile hardware. Careful collaboration between the Urologist and Radiologist in the review and final dictation of these cases is warranted to properly document problems and to plan device replacement/penile reconstruction.
Long memory in intertrade durations, counts and realized volatility of NYSE stocks

We study the persistence of intertrade durations, counts (number of transactions in equally spaced intervals of clock time), squared returns and realized volatility in 10 stocks trading on the New York Stock Exchange. A semiparametric analysis reveals the presence of long memory in all of these series, with potentially the same memory parameter. We introduce a parametric latent-variable long-memory stochastic duration (LMSD) model which is shown to better fit the data than the autoregressive conditional duration model (ACD) in a variety of ways. The empirical evidence we present here is in agreement with theoretical results on the propagation of memory from durations to counts and realized volatility presented in Deo et al. (2009).
Quantitative Determination of Busulfan in Human Plasma by UPLC

A rapid and reliable UPLC method was developed and validated for the determination of busulfan in human plasma. After protein precipitation, derivatization, and liquid–liquid extraction, separation of derivatized busulfan was achieved on an Acquity BEH C18 column using a gradient mobile phase consisting of a trifluoroacetic acid aqueous solution (0.2%, v/v) and acetonitrile. The column temperature was maintained at 50 °C and UV detection was carried out at 254 nm. The complete analytical run time was 1.3 min, 7-fold faster than our previous LC methodology. Quantification was performed using external standardization and calibration curves were linear (r ≥ 0.999) over the dynamic range of 0.05–5.00 μg mL−1. Intra-day and inter-day coefficients of variation were ≤6.9 and 3.9%, respectively, across the range of concentrations. Accuracy of the analytical method expressed as the relative error percentage was better than 5.4%. LOD and LOQ were 0.013 and 0.025 μg mL−1, respectively. Data obtained using the UPLC method was compared to those obtained from our previously used LC method by Deming regression analysis. The UPLC method was accurate, sensitive, and greatly increased sample analysis throughput as compared to our previous LC methodology allowing for a 4-fold increase in the number of patients who could be monitored during transplant therapy.
Drosophila TIMP is a potent inhibitor of MMPs and TACE: similarities in structure and function to TIMP-3.

The four tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are endogenous inhibitors that regulate the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and certain disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) family proteases in mammals. The protease inhibitory activity is present in the N-terminal domains of TIMPs (N-TIMPs). In this work, the N-terminal inhibitory domain of the only TIMP produced by Drosophila (dN-TIMP) was expressed in Escherichia coli and folded in vitro. The purified recombinant protein is a potent inhibitor of human MMPs, including membrane-type 1-MMP, although it lacks a disulfide bond that is conserved in all other known N-TIMPs. Titration with the catalytic domain of human MMP-3 [MMP-3(ΔC)] showed that dN-TIMP prepared by this method is correctly folded and fully active. dN-TIMP also inhibits, in vitro, the activity of the only two MMPs of Drosophila, dm1- and dm2-MMPs, indicating that the Drosophila TIMP is an endogenous inhibitor of the Drosophila MMPs. dN-TIMP resembles mammalian N-TIMP-...
Left ventricular-right atrial communication with aneurysm of the membranous interventricular septum.

Defects in the atrial and ventricular septa are among the most common congenital heart lesions. An unusual form of ventricular septal defect, left ventricular-right atrial communication is a rare lesion which was first diagnosed preoperatively by Nordenstrom and Ovenfors (1960) and by Braunwald and Morrow (1960) by angiocardiography. We would like to report a case in which at angiography a left ventricular-right atrial communication was found in association with an aneurysm of the membranous portion of the interventricular septum, an association which has not been previously recorded. The patient was a seven year old male with a heart murmur noted shortly after birth. Catheterization performed elsewhere during infancy was reported to show a ventricular septal defect. The patient was well during the interim. He was referred to Montefiore Hospital and Medical Center because of this history and for re-evaluation of his cardiac status. On admission physical findings were limited to the chest, in an otherwise ...
The effect of vessel depth, diameter, and location on ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous catheter longevity☆

Abstract Introduction Ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous catheters (USGPIVs) have been observed to have poor durability. The current study sets out to determine whether vessel characteristics (depth, diameter, and location) predict USGPIV longevity. Methods A secondary analysis was performed on a prospectively gathered database of patients who underwent USGPIV placement in an urban, tertiary care emergency department. All patients in the database had a 20-gauge, 48-mm-long catheter placed under ultrasound guidance. The time and reason for USGPIV removal were extracted by retrospective chart review. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed. Results After 48 hours from USGPIV placement, 32% (48/151) had failed prematurely, 24% (36/151) had been removed for routine reasons, and 44% (67/151) remained in working condition yielding a survival probability of 0.63 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.53-0.70). Survival probability was perfect (1.00) when placed in shallow vessels ( P P = .0002. The impact of vessel depth and location was significant after 3 hours and 18 hours, respectively. Vessel diameter did not affect USGPIV longevity. Conclusion Cannulation of deep and proximal vessels is associated with poor USGPIV survival. Careful selection of target vessels may help improve success of USGPIV placement and durability.
Ontogeny of serotonergic neurons in Aplysia californica.

Although the identity, projection patterns, and functions of serotonergic neurons in juvenile and adult Aplysiaare relatively well understood, little is known about the development of these cells. We have used light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry to investigate the genesis, differentiation, identity, and fate of the serotonergic cells in the embryonic, larval, and metamorphic stages of the life cycle of Aplysia. The results indicate that the first serotonergic cells emerge at midembryogenesis and that a total of five cells makes up the entire serotonergic system by hatching. These cells are part of a newly discovered ganglion in Aplysia, called the apical ganglion. This serotonergic system of five cells remains essentially intact throughout larval development. The apical ganglion, together with its serotonergic cells, is resorbed at metamorphosis. A distinct set of serotonergic cells, which begins to emerge by the end of the larval period, is rapidly elaborated during the metamorphic and early juvenile periods to form the adult serotonergic system. These results support the view that the larval and adult forms of the Aplysia nervous system consist of entirely distinct sets of serotonergic cells, each adapted to the stage-specific morphological and behavioral characteristics of the animal. J. Comp. Neurol. 386:477-490, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Creating a Culture of Collaboration: The Conception, Design, and Evolution of a Head Start Theatre-in-Education Program

Preschool settings like Head Start are specifically designed to enhance academic outcomes for children from low-income families. Yet these child-care settings have often been criticized as inadequa...
Multiple types of dieting prospectively predict weight gain during the freshman year of college

The freshman year of college is a period of heightened risk for weight gain. This study examined measures of restrained eating, disinhibition, and emotional eating as predictors of weight gain during the freshman year. Using Lowe's multi-factorial model of dieting, it also examined three different types of dieting as predictors of weight gain. Sixty-nine females were assessed at three points during the school year. Weight gain during the freshman year averaged 2.1 kg. None of the traditional self-report measures of restraint, disinhibition, or emotional eating were predictive of weight gain. However, both a history of weight loss dieting and weight suppression (discrepancy between highest weight ever and current weight) predicted greater weight gain, and these effects appeared to be largely independent of one another. Individuals who said they were currently dieting to lose weight gained twice as much (5.0 kg) as former dieters (2.5 kg) and three times as much as never dieters (1.6 kg), but the import of this finding was unclear because there was only a small number of current dieters (N=7). Overall the results indicate that specific subtypes of dieting predicts weight gain during the freshman year better than more global measures of restraint or overeating.
Efficient Demethylation of Methyl Esters with Anhydrous Trifluoroacetic Acid

Abstract Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) is an effective reagent for the demethylation of methyl esters under anhydrous conditions, affording the parent acids and methyl trifluoroacetate.
Ground-State Parameters for the Quasi-Two-Dimensional Close-Packed He 4 Solid at High Density

A theoretical calculation of the chemical potential, spreading pressure, and inverse compressibility at O"K is reported for He4 adsorbed on a graphite-like substrate for monolayer densities of 0.10 to 0.13 A -2. These functions are obtained from a ground-state variational wave function constructed of single-particle functions multiplied by Jastrow correlation factors. Use was made of a cluster expansion in the calculation of the ground-state energy. The theoretical results agree quite well with the empirical values.
Human umbilical vessels and cultured umbilical vein endothelial and smooth muscle cells lack detectable protein and mRNA encoding estrogen receptors

OBJECTIVE: To identify and characterize estrogen receptors in human umbilical vascular tissues and in cultured cells derived from the human umbilical vein. METHODS: Human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVE) and human umbilical vein smooth muscle (HUVSM) cells were isolated. Immunohistochemical, radioligand binding. Western immunoblotting, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods were used to detect estrogen receptors in vascular tissues and in cells derived from the umbilical cord. RESULTS: Estrogen receptor protein was not detected in either umbilical vessel tissue or in isolated HUVE or HUVSM cells. Messenger RNAs for the classic estrogen receptor (alpha) and estrogen receptor beta isoforms also were undetectable by RT-PCR. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the effects of estradiol observed in this widely used vascular model are mediated by very low concentrations of receptors that evade standard methods of detection. Alternatively, this steroid may affect umbilical vascular cells through mechanisms that do not involve the classic genomic estrogen-receptor pathway.
The Role of Ideology and Political Sophistication in the Structure of Foreign Policy Attitudes

Public opinion researchers have long believed that Americans' attitudes on foreign policy issues fail to demonstrate the level of structure and stability that is present in attitudes on domestic issues. Several recent studies have challenged this view, claiming that mass orientations toward foreign policy are coherent and rational but are structured differently than attitudes on other issues. Using data from the 1984 and 1988 American National Election Studies, I find that some members of the public evaluate foreign policy issues using the same ideological yardsticks as they do for domestic issues, while others exhibit less structured evaluations of both issue areas I conclude that arguments suggesting that foreign policy attitudes have a unique organizational structure are unnecessarily complex. A more parsimonious model provides a similar degree of explanatory power and accounts for foreign and domestic policy attitudes equally well.
Use of a Surfactant Coacervate Phase To Extract Chlorinated Aliphatic Compounds from Water: Extraction of Chlorinated Ethanes and Quantitative Comparison to Solubilization in Micelles†

At temperatures above the cloud point, aqueous solutions of nonionic surfactants separate into a coacervate phase and a dilute phase. The distribution of di-, tri-, and tetrachloroethanes between these phases was shown to increasingly favor the coacervate phase as the hydrophobicity (degree of chlorination) of the solute increases. The solute solubilization equilibrium constant was shown to be very similar for solubilization into coacervate surfactant aggregates compared to micellar solubilization per aggregated surfactant molecule for octylphenol polyethoxylate surfactants and to increase with increasing temperature and increasing solute hydrophobicity. As temperature increases above the cloud point, the partition ratio increases primarily because the concentration of surfactant in the coacervate increases, second because the solubilization equilibrium constant in the coacervate surfactant aggregate increases, and third because the concentration of micellized surfactant (and solubilization therein) in th...
Effects of varying doses of testosterone on atherogenic markers in healthy younger and older men

Whether exogenous testosterone is proatherogenic remains controversial. We assessed the effects of graded doses of testosterone on serum markers of oxidative stress, chemotaxis, adhesion, and infla...
Gain-of-Function Mutations and Therapeutic Implications Lipoprotein Lipase S447X to the Rescue

Somatic gene transfer has been extensively used to express genes of interest and probe the molecular physiology of lipoprotein metabolism and many other processes in animal models.1 Among its advantages over germ-line transgenic animals are the ability to rapidly express genes on selected genetic backgrounds without time-intensive backcrossing, the greater ability to control expression level through dosing of the gene transfer vector, and the greater ability to directly compare 2 genes, or 2 variants of the same gene, with regard to their effects in vivo. The latter advantage has not been fully exploited in the investigation of the functional consequences of naturally occurring human mutations. See page 2143 In this issue of Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology is a report by Ross and colleagues of the rescue of lipoprotein lipase (LPL)-deficient mice from lethality using neonatal intramuscular injection of an adenoviral vector to achieve somatic gene transfer and expression of a naturally occurring gain-of-function mutant of LPL.2 This report presents a variety of important issues for investigators interested in lipoprotein metabolism as well as those generally interested in somatic gene transfer and therapy. Unlike in humans, LPL deficiency in mice is lethal within the first 48 hours of birth.3,4 Whereas a previous study demonstrated that neonatal intraperitoneal administration of an adenoviral vector encoding wild-type LPL rescued 3% of the mice to adulthood,5 the current study achieved 95% rescue to adulthood. The major difference appears to be that Ross et al used a naturally-occurring variant of LPL, known …
What Have We Learned That Is Intersubjectively Testable Regarding the Leadership Process and Leadership-Performance Relations?

My respected colleagues, Lord and Dinh (2014), argue that individual, self-report measures by members about their leader’s behavior when compared to the behavior of their perceived ‘‘ideal leader’’ predicts the performance of members. I argue that as a scientific practice the total reliance on members self-reports is a poor substitute for employing ‘‘intersubjectively tested’’ measures (Meehl, 1977). One problem with using self-reports from only one party is that disagreement between parties should indicate the need for further inquiry. Unfortunately, this validity question cannot arise based on self-reports from one party. This problem applies to single-source reports of leadership and performance and is inherent in introspective reports.
Tolerance and Conditioning to Neuro-Muscular Electrical Stimulation Within and Between Sessions and Gender

This study was conducted to determine: 1) If healthy subjects can be conditioned to tolerate clinically useful electrically induced muscle contraction; and 2) If there is a gender difference in response to such conditioning. Healthy volunteers (10 males, 11 females, mean age of 27.6±5.8 yrs) were tested during each of 6 testing sessions. Maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC) of the right quadriceps femoris (RQF) recorded by a computerized dynamometer. Electrical stimulation delivered through two surface electrodes and stimulation amplitude increased until the subject indicated to stop. After a 1 min rest the amplitude increased again to the same phase charge level, and the electrically induced contraction (EIC) was recorded by the dynamometer. Measurements of stimulation amplitude were repeated in each of 10 stimulation bouts per session. Measurements of EIC were repeated in session six. Statistical analyses included Multivariate ANOVAs, and Newman-Kuel's post-hoc tests (p < 0.01). Mean values of phase charge increased from session 1 to 6 for all subjects. Males tolerated significantly higher phase charge. The mean %MVIC torque generated by female subjects was initially only 11.2 ± 21.6% but reached 42.9 ± 25.4% at the end of the 6th session. Males’ %MVIC torque values were significantly higher reaching 49.0 ± 41.6% and 73.5 ± 18.7% in the first and last trials respectively. Using the criterion that electrically induced contractions must be at least 25% of MVIC to be considered clinically useful, 36% of females were below this threshold at the end of the last session. In contrast, all males exceeded the 25% MVIC threshold at the end of the study. Most healthy subjects can be conditioned to electrical stimulation of the quadriceps, but depending on the criteria of therapeutic value and gender, some males and even more females may not reach the desired stimulation goal in 6 sessions. Females may require more conditioning sessions to reach contraction levels of therapeutic benefits. The reason(s) for the confounding factor of gender remains unknown.
Low-Temperature Fabrication of Oxide Composites for Solid-Oxide Fuel Cells

Composites of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) with Sr-doped LaCrO3 (LSC) and Sr-doped LaMnO3 (LSM) were prepared by impregnation of a porous YSZ matrix with aqueous solutions of the appropriate metal salts, followed by sintering to various temperatures. XRD measurements showed that perovskite phases formed after sintering at 1073 K, a temperature well below that at which solid-state reactions with YSZ occur. The conductivities of the LSC–YSZ and LSM–YSZ composites prepared in this way were maximized at a sintering temperature of 1373 K for LSC–YSZ and 1523 K for LSM–YSZ, although reasonable conductivities were achieved at much lower temperatures. The conductivities of the two composites increased much more rapidly with the content of the conductive oxide than has been found with conventional composites formed by mixing and sintering the oxide powders. The implications for using this approach to develop novel electrodes for SOFC applications are discussed.
VARIATIONS IN THE COLOR OF JUPITER

Observations of Jupiter by multicolor photoelectric photometry in 10 narrow bands between 3150 A and 1.06 μ and in UBV showed a brightening for shorter wavelengths in 1965 relative to 1963. An opposite effect occurred for the band at 7300 A. These results are consistent with observed activity in the Jovian atmosphere. No obvious correlation could be found between brightness fluctuations and longitude of the central meridian, indicating that the activity was uniform in longitude or occurred on time scales short compared to a month.
Accuracy of bristle placement on a leg segment in Drosophila melanogaster.

Bristle positions in two rows of bristles on the basitarsus of the second leg of the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster were analyzed in order to determine the accuracy of bristle placement within these rows. Within each row the positions of the two terminal bristles were found to be approximately equally variable, and positional variability was found to increase toward the middle of each row. Rows having fewer bristles manifested more positional variability in their midsection. These results are interpreted in terms of a possible bristle spacing mechanism involving repulsive forces between mobile bristle cells.
Preserving privacy in a network of mobile computers

Even as wireless networks create the potential for access to information from mobile platforms, they pose a problem for privacy. In order to retrieve messages, users must periodically poll the network. The information that the user must give to the network could potentially be used to track that user. However, the movements of the user can also be used to hide the user's location if the protocols for sending and retrieving messages are carefully designed. We have developed a replicated memory service which allows users to read from memory without revealing which memory locations they are reading. Unlike previous protocols, our protocol is efficient in its use of computation and bandwidth. We show how this protocol can be used in conjunction with existing privacy preserving protocols to allow a user of a mobile computer to maintain privacy despite active attacks. >
A Monte Carlo model of piezoelectric scattering in GaN

A non-parabolic piezoelectric model of electron-phonon interaction in Gallium Nitride is discussed. The Monte Carlo aspects of the model, needed for the simulation tools which provide the characteristics of GaN-based devices are analyzed in details. The piezo-scattering rate is derived by using quantum-mechanical considerations. The angular dependence is avoided by a proper spherical averaging and the non-parabolicity of the bands is accounted for. For the selection of the after-scattering state we deploy the rejection technique. The model is implemented in a simulation software. We employ a calibrated experimentally verified set of input material parameters to obtain valuable data for the transport characteristics of GaN. The simulation results are in good agreement with experimental data available for different physical conditions.
Time course of creatine kinase release after termination of sustained ventricular dysrhythmias

Abstract Differentiation between primary and secondary (caused by acute myocardial infarction) ventricular fibrillation has important therapeutic and prognostic implications. The diagnosis of myocardial infarction is based on clinical, ECG, and creatine kinase MB isoenzyme (MBCK) activity. Enzymatic criteria might not be able to confirm the diagnosis of myocardial infarction after recent cardioversion. The routine use of electrophysiologic studies involving the induction and termination of ventricular dysrhythmias provides a setting in which enzyme release as a result of cardioversion alone can be examined. Therefore a systematic investigation of the magnitude and time course of creatine kinase (CK) and MBCK release was performed after termination of ventricular dysrhythmias in 57 patlents undergoing electrophysiologic studies. Of patients requiring external cardioversion, only 50% had an elevation in CK and MBCK activity. Elevation when present correlated with the number of shocks and cumulative energy delivered. The magnitude of MBCK release exceeded 10% of the total CK activity in 9% of observations. Pace-termination of ventricular tachycardia did not result in enzyme release. Arrhythmia characteriatics, coronary artery disease, and left ventricular function did not affect the magnitude of the time course of enzyme release. These data suggest that cardioversion with multipile shocks may result in a component of MBCK release, and thus a false positive diagnosis of primary acute myocardial infarction may be made by relying exclusively on the enzyme release pattern.
Comparison of the proteosomes and antigenicities of secreted and cellular proteins produced by Mycobacterium paratuberculosis.

The protein expression profiles and antigenicities of both culture filtrates (CF) and cellular extracts (CE) of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis were compared by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), one-dimensional electrophoresis (1-DE) and 2-DE immunoblotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The CF proteins were harvested from supernatants of stationary-phase liquid cultures and concentrated by size exclusion filtration. The CE proteins were extracted by mechanical disruption of cells using glass beads and a high-speed agitator. Analysis of SDS-PAGE gels showed that the majority of CF proteins had low molecular masses (<50 kDa), whereas CE protein mass ranged more evenly over a broader range up to 100 kDa. By 2-DE, CF proteins had a narrow array of pI values, with most being between pH 4.0 and 5.5; CE proteins spanned pI values from pH 4.0 to 7.0. The antigenicities of CF and CE proteins were first determined by 1-DE and 2-DE immunoblotting with serum from a cow naturally infected with M. paratuberculosis. The serum reacted strongly to more proteins in the CF than the CE. Sera from 444 infected and 412 uninfected cattle were tested by ELISA with CF and CE as solid-phase antigens. Receiver-operator characteristic curve analysis of the ELISA results showed a significantly greater area under the curve for CF compared to CE (P < 0.05). A high degree of variability in protein binding patterns was shown with 1-DE immunoblot analysis with 31 sera from M. paratuberculosis-infected cattle. Collectively, these results indicate that serologic tests for bovine paratuberculosis may be improved by using proteins derived from CF instead of CE. To maximize the diagnostic sensitivity of serologic tests, multiple proteins will be required. Even so, a CF ELISA may not be able to detect all M. paratuberculosis-infected cattle, in particular those in the early stages of infection that have yet to mount an antibody response.
Notes on the Nesting Ecology of Eastern Box Turtles near the Northern Limit of their Range

Abstract We evaluated the nesting ecology of Terrapene Carolina Carolina (Eastern Box Turtle) near their northern range limit in Massachusetts. We identified 34 nests in 2005 and 2006 at 4 study sites, and measured clutch size, nest success, hatchling size, and habitat characteristics at each site. Mean clutch size was 5.87 eggs, and egg survival was approximately 50% to hatching, excluding depredation. Large-bodied females tended to oviposit larger clutches than small-bodied females, although the correlation was not significant, and a smaller proportion of their eggs produced live hatchlings. Nest depredation varied greatly across sites from 0 to nearly 100%. The variability observed across the species' range and across sites underscores the importance of obtaining local information when developing conservation and management programs for rare turtles. The characteristics of the nest sites observed in our study could be simulated to more effectively create or maintain artificial nest sites for Eastern Bo...
Fast and accurate algorithms for projective multi-image structure from motion

We describe algorithms for computing projective structure and motion from a multi-image sequence of tracked points. The algorithms are essentially linear, work for any motion of moderate size, and give accuracies similar to those of a maximum-likelihood estimate. They give better results than the factorization approach of Sturm and Triggs (1996) and are equally fast and they are much faster than bundle adjustment. Our experiments show that the (iterated) Sturm-Triggs approach often fails for linear camera motions. In addition, we study experimentally the common situation where the calibration is fixed and approximately known, comparing the projective versions of our algorithms to mixed projective/Euclidean strategies. We clarify the nature of dominant-plane compensation, showing that it can be considered a small-translation approximation rather than an approximation that the scene is planar. We show that projective algorithms accurately recover the (projected) inverse depths and homographies despite the possibility of transforming the structure and motion by a projective transformation.
NACM, A Cytopathogenic Protein from Naegleria gruberi, EGs; Purification, Production of Monoclonal Antibody, and the Immunoidentification of a Product that Develops in NACM‐treated Vertebrate Cell Cultures

The story of NACM involves the discovery of a deleterious response of cultured vertebrate cells to a component in cell-free lysates prepared from free-living amebae of the genus Naegleria; hence the acronym NACM derived from Naegleria ameba cytopathogenic material. The cellular reaction is the basis for the biological assay that has been fundamental in the study of the action of NACM in a variety of cell cultures. It also has been used in the determination of the physical characteristics, and to monitor the behavior of NACM during isolation procedures. All findings are compatable with the conclusion that NACM is a 35 Kd protein. Recently, the use of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) prepared to amebae-derived purified NACM have resulted in the visual display of a product that develops exclusively in NACM-treated cells. That cellular product is shown to be related to NACM by its immunostaining reaction with the MAb; the relationship of the MAb with NACM is demonstrated by its ability to neutralize the biological activity of NACM, and as an immunostain, to react with purified fractions of NACM and with whole amebae. The combination of these observations describes a unique set of interactions in which NACM, an amebic component, identified as a protein, has characteristics of an infectious agent when introduced into cultures of avian and mammalian cells.
Abstract PL05-01: Obesity, IGF-1 and cancer prevention: Mechanistic insights from transdisciplinary studies

The prevalence of obesity, an established risk and progression factor for many cancers, has more than doubled over the past three decades in the US, with ~36% of adults currently obese. The mechanisms underlying the obesity and cancer connection are becoming increasingly clear and reveal several potential targets and strategies for breaking the obesity-cancer link. We have established in multiple genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) of mammary, pancreatic and other epithelial cancers that diet-induced obesity (DIO) increases serum levels of bioavailable insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, induces insulin resistance, and enhances tumor development and progression. In contrast the maintenance of a lean phenotype via a calorie restriction (CR) regimen decreases IGF-1 levels, improves insulin sensitivity, and inhibits cancer development and progression in these same models. Furthermore, biochemical, genetic and pharmacologic studies in GEMMS further suggest components of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, downstream of insulin and IGF-1 receptors, interact with inflammatory signals and provide important targets for disrupting the obesity-cancer link. Translational studies involving weight loss interventions in obese women at high risk for breast cancer show good concordance between mouse and human serum markers of energy balance-related hormones (including bioavailable IGF-1) and cytokines, as well as tissue mTOR signaling. We conclude from these transdisciplinary findings that several promising molecular targets (such as mTOR) are emerging for offsetting the procancer effects of obesity. Moreover, preclinical studies of several CR-mimetic agents (such as rapamycin, metformin, and several bioactive food components) provide further proof of the principle that mechanism-based approaches to break the obesity-cancer link by targeting mTOR and/or inflammation are plausible. Citation Format: Stephen D. Hursting. Obesity, IGF-1 and cancer prevention: Mechanistic insights from transdisciplinary studies. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirteenth Annual AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research; 2014 Sep 27-Oct 1; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Can Prev Res 2015;8(10 Suppl): Abstract nr PL05-01.
Maternal supplementation of allergic female mice with gamma-tocopherol increases the development of select dendritic cell subsets and allergic lung inflammation in neonates (HYP7P.272)

Offspring from allergic mothers have elevated numbers of CD11b+ lung dendritic cells and develop allergic lung responses to suboptimal allergen challenge. We recently reported that maternal supplementation with alpha-tocopherol (αT) reduced development of these dendritic cell subsets and allergic responses in offspring of allergic female mice. It is not known whether gamma-tocopherol (γT) supplementation regulates development of allergic responses. To address this, allergic female mice were supplemented with γT during pregnancy/lactation. Then, offspring were given a suboptimal allergen challenge. γT supplementation of allergic mothers elevated pup responses to allergen challenge. There were increased numbers of pup lung eosinophils, inflammatory mediators, and CD11b+ but not CD11b- subsets of CD11c+ dendritic cells. There were elevated numbers of IRF4+ CD11b+ CD11c+ dendritic cells, a dendritic cell subset critical for development of allergic responses. There were also fewer pups from γT supplemented allergic mothers. In conclusion, maternal αT supplementation reduced and maternal γT supplementation increased development of CD11b+ CD11c+ dendritic cells and allergic responses in offspring from allergic mothers. These results have implications for supplementation of allergic mothers with tocopherol isoforms and for development of allergies in future generations.
Interfacial Exchange Coupling and the Magnetization of Iron Oxide/Nickel Oxide Superlattices

The role of interfacial exchange coupling in the magnetic behavior of metal oxide materials has been investigated through the study of Fe 3 O 4 /NiO superlattices. We report results on a series of superlattices grown where one bilayer constituent was held to a fixed thickness while varying the other from single unit cell dimensions upward. High crystalline quality was confirmed by XRD, RHEED and neutron diffraction. Magnetization profiles show substantial deviations from bulklike iron oxide results, with an increase in domain rotation energies observed in the superlattices over that of bulk iron oxide (increasing with NiO layer thickness) indicating the strong nature of Fe 3 O 4 /NiO interfacial linkage. Neutron scattering at elevated temperatures shows that the NiO remains ordered above the 523 K bulk Neel temperature. This suggests that at least a portion of the NiO within a layer remains ordered well above the Neel temperature, with an increase in effective Neel transition temperature that approaches the Fe 3 O 4 Curie temperature in the limit of very thin NiO layers. Although the exchange coupling dominates these effects, strain also plays an important role.
Technical Communication in Written and Oral Modes

This paper posits that the technical communicator probably spends more time engaged in oral communication activity than he does in written; thus, to be an effective technical communicator one needs an appreciation and an understanding of both modes. Differences between oral and written communication, and methods of difference reduction, are discussed for the dimensions of: 1) permanency, 2) style, 3) interactional control, 4) mediation, and 5) effects. The conclusion is drawn that to be effective the technical communicator must develop the ability to produce messages which evoke common understanding among those participating in the communication event.
Adakites in northeastern China and their mineralized implications.

Adakites are widely distributed in Northeast China, particularly in Jilin Province, and rarely in the east of Inner Mongolia and Helongjiang Province. The Adakites in Northeast China were formed in three tectonic settings, namely the Paleo-Asian Ocean, the Mongolia-Okhotsk Ocean and the Circum-Pacific Ocean. The time limit of the adakites is from the middle stage of Early Paleozoic to Mesozoic. The adakite-hosted hydrothermal deposits in the area are mainly Au and Cu, secondly Mo. The genetic types are porphyry and magmatic hytrothermal and epithermal fluids. The mineralizated epochs are the middle stage of Early Paleozoic, the late stage of Late Paleozoic and the middle and late stages of Mesozoic. Based on the characteristics of the adakites and the related hytrothermal deposits, as well as the tectonic settings, the minerogenetic provinces fall into three regions, namely the north of Da Hinggan Moutain, Meng-Ji-Hei and eastern Ji-Hei.
Translocation of an Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery With Resolution of Dysphagia Lusoria

The presence of a left aortic arch with an aberrant right subclavian artery is a well-described anatomic variant that rarely causes symptoms. When symptoms of dysphagia lusoria do occur, however, operative intervention may be necessary. The purpose of this report is to describe our preferred surgical approach to treat dysphagia lusoria secondary to an aberrant right subclavian artery.
Die endliche und die unendliche Entwicklung. II. Neuere psychoanalytische Theorie und therapeutische Überlegungen

Freud’s evaluation of the manifest dream: An essay about the theoretic-historical and biographical motives behind a discordant evaluation of the dream Freud’s characterization of the manifest dream is typefied by an implicit appreciation and an explicit devaluation oof dream images. According to the author, the theoretical-historical motive behind this divergent evaluation is already evident in Freud’s prepsychoanalytic writings, where he assigns primacy to the written word. The author holds that the biographic motive derives from an ambivalent internalization of the Mosaic sanction against graven images, conveyed to Freud by his father through the spirit of the Phillipson Bible.