cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Brian Barry and the Headscarf Case in France

Brian Barry's Culture and Equality is probably the most powerful liberal egalitarian critique of multiculturalism addressing the pathologies of recognizing difference of ethnicity, religion, race, and culture. In this essay, I examine Barry's approach to the law, which underpins his theory of egalitarianism to determine whether it is enough — as Barry thinks it is — to insist on either applying the same law for everyone so that exemptions are foreclosed in general, or repealing the law since the case for its existence is not justified. I find that Barry's effort is inadequate. Because the conditions for exemptions are not specified, exemptions are merely defensible, not just. Using the headscarf controversy in France to illustrate why Barry's approach backfires, I argue how enforcing the same law for all leads to undermining the very politics of redistribution that Barry champions.
A Deep-Towed ADCP-CTD Instrument Package Developed for Abyssal Overflow Measurements in the Northeastern Caribbean Sea

Abstract A deep-towed instrument package has been developed to study the velocity and tracer signature of abyssal overflows in the northeastern Caribbean. Primary package components include a conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) instrument and an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP), allowing for simultaneous measurement of density, watermass tracers, and absolute velocity. A description of package construction and operation is supplemented by examples from a set of 17 deployments during two oceanographic cruises in January 1991 and March 1992. A new method for determining the three-dimensional position of the instrument package is described, based on the ability of the ADCP to acquire reference velocities corresponding to its motion over the seafloor. Factors affecting ADCP data quality are discussed, particularly those stemming from the low-scatterer environment at abyssal depths and the impact of large vertical accelerations due to surface wave-induced ship heave.
Apex-to-base dispersion in regional timing of left ventricular shortening and lengthening.

OBJECTIVES We investigated whether the onset and progression of regional left ventricular (LV) shortening and lengthening parallel the apex-to-base differences in depolarization and repolarization. BACKGROUND Limited information exists regarding apex-to-base differences in longitudinal and circumferential deformation sequence of the LV. METHODS The apex-to-base differences in electric activation and the progression of longitudinal and circumferential shortening and lengthening sequences were determined in 8 porcine beating hearts in situ by implanting bipolar electrodes and an array of 14 sonomicrometry crystals in the LV free wall. RESULTS Electric activation started at the apical subendocardium and showed significant delay in reaching the LV base. The onsets of mechanical activation and subsequent 20%, 40%, and 80% peak longitudinal shortenings required longer time to occur at base compared to the apex. The repolarization sequence propagated in reverse, with the base repolarizing before the apex. Subendocardial longitudinal shortening at base and subepicardial circumferential shortening at apex continued beyond the period of LV ejection, resulting in an apex-to-base gradient in the onset of lengthening. This gradient correlated with the duration of isovolumic relaxation (r = 0.85, p = 0.004) and the time required for reaching the lowest LV diastolic pressure (r = 0.70, p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Apex-to-base delay in mechanical shortening of LV parallels the apex-to-base direction of the electric activation sequence. Basal subendocardial and apical subepicardial regions deform through a characteristic phase of postsystolic shortening. Short-lived apex-to-base and subendocardial-to-subepicardial relaxation gradients at the onset of diastole may have a physiologic significance in facilitating active restoration of the LV cavity in diastole.
The effect of processing methods on intravenous immune globulin preparations.

Abstract In this comparative study we investigated five commercially available immunoglobulin preparations manufactured by various processing methods. Two enzyme-modified preparations and one chemically modified preparation demonstrated appreciable variation in molecular weight species when compared with native preparations utilizing gentle processing conditions. One native preparation, processed with DEAE Sephadex, was low in IgG 4 subclass, while the enzymic and chemical processing methods provided products demonstrating substantial variation in subclass distribution. The other native preparation, formulated at low pH, demonstrated particularly low turbidity values, indicating greater IgG stability at pH 4·25 than at pH 7·0. Certain antibody levels were seen to be greatly reduced in the modified preparations. These differences are discussed with reference to effects of the processing conditions employed.
Substructure similarity search in graph databases

Advanced database systems face a great challenge raised by the emergence of massive, complex structural data in bioinformatics, chem-informatics, and many other applications. The most fundamental support needed in these applications is the efficient search of complex structured data. Since exact matching is often too restrictive, similarity search of complex structures becomes a vital operation that must be supported efficiently.In this paper, we investigate the issues of substructure similarity search using indexed features in graph databases. By transforming the edge relaxation ratio of a query graph into the maximum allowed missing features, our structural filtering algorithm, called Grafil, can filter many graphs without performing pairwise similarity computations. It is further shown that using either too few or too many features can result in poor filtering performance. Thus the challenge is to design an effective feature set selection strategy for filtering. By examining the effect of different feature selection mechanisms, we develop a multi-filter composition strategy, where each filter uses a distinct and complementary subset of the features. We identify the criteria to form effective feature sets for filtering, and demonstrate that combining features with similar size and selectivity can improve the filtering and search performance significantly. Moreover, the concept presented in Grafil can be applied to searching approximate non-consecutive sequences, trees, and other complicated structures as well.
Japan's Enigmatic Election of 1928

When universal manhood suffrage was promulgated, with much eclat, on 5 May 1925, its friends and its enemies both agreed that this act was a new high-water mark in the thirty-five year history of Japanese parliamentarianism. Of a national population of nearly 40 million in 1890, the first electorate had been carefully confined to 400,000 adult males who met a stiff property test. By the early 1920s inflation, population growth, and eased voting requirements had gradually spread the franchise to some 3 million persons, still a mere fraction of the populace. Then, at a stroke, the universal suffrage law of 1925 gave the vote to males aged twenty-five and older, swelling the pool of electors four-fold to more than 13 million.
Antibiotic Residues and Prevalence of Mastitis Pathogen Isolation in Heifers During Early Lactation Following Prepartum Antibiotic Therapy

Summary The present study was conducted to determine if antibiotic treatment of heifer mammary glands earlier in the prepartum period reduced the occurrence of residues in milk without compromising efficacy in treatment of intramammary infections. Heifers were assigned randomly to two groups: 1. untreated negative control (n = 42); and 2. intramammary infusion of 200 mg cephapirin sodium (n = 40) 14 days prior to expected calving. Mammary secretions were collected before treatment and during early lactation, and were analyzed for residues by the Bacillus stearothermophilus disc assay. Only four of 127 samples (3.1%) obtained from cephapirin-treated mammary glands at 3 days after calving were positive for residues and most (three of four) were from a heifer that calved within 3 days of treatment. Mammary secretions were also collected before treatment, and at 3 and 30 days after calving for microbiological evaluation. For untreated control heifers, mastitis pathogens were isolated from 67.3% of samples obtained from mammary glands 14 days prior to expected calving, 55.6% obtained 3 days after calving and 36.4% of samples obtained 30 days postpartum. A similar percentage of samples (63.8%) was positive for mastitis pathogens at 14 days before expected calving prior to antibiotic treatment. However, only 15.1% of samples obtained at 3 days after calving and 7.9% of samples obtained 30 days postpartum from mammary glands of antibiotic-treated heifers contained mastitis pathogens. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were isolated most frequently. Intramammary infusion of antibiotics earlier in the prepartum period markedly reduced the occurrence of residues in milk during early lactation without affecting efficacy.
A structural determinant in the uracil DNA glycosylase superfamily for the removal of uracil from adenine/uracil base pairs

The uracil DNA glycosylase superfamily consists of several distinct families. Family 2 mismatch-specific uracil DNA glycosylase (MUG) from Escherichia coli is known to exhibit glycosylase activity on three mismatched base pairs, T/U, G/U and C/U. Family 1 uracil N-glycosylase (UNG) from E. coli is an extremely efficient enzyme that can remove uracil from any uracil-containing base pairs including the A/U base pair. Here, we report the identification of an important structural determinant that underlies the functional difference between MUG and UNG. Substitution of a Lys residue at position 68 with Asn in MUG not only accelerates the removal of uracil from mismatched base pairs but also enables the enzyme to gain catalytic activity on A/U base pairs. Binding and kinetic analysis demonstrate that the MUG-K68N substitution results in enhanced ground state binding and transition state interactions. Molecular modeling reveals that MUG-K68N, UNG-N123 and family 5 Thermus thermophiles UDGb-A111N can form bidentate hydrogen bonds with the N3 and O4 moieties of the uracil base. Genetic analysis indicates the gain of function for A/U base pairs allows the MUG-K68N mutant to remove uracil incorporated into the genome during DNA replication. The implications of this study in the origin of life are discussed.
Removing Abstraction Overhead in the Composition of Hierarchical Real-Time Systems

The hierarchical real-time scheduling framework is a widely accepted model to facilitate the design and analysis of the increasingly complex real-time systems. Interface abstraction and composition are the key issues in the hierarchical scheduling framework analysis. Schedulability is essential to guarantee that the timing requirements of all components are satisfied. In order for the design to be resource efficient, the composition must be bandwidth optimal. Associativity is desirable for open systems in which components may be added or deleted at run time. Previous techniques on compositional scheduling are either not resource efficient in some aspects, or cannot achieve optimality and associativity at the same time. In this paper, several important properties regarding the periodic resource model are identified. Based on those properties, we propose a novel interface abstraction and composition framework which achieves schedulability, optimality, and associativity. Our approach eliminates abstraction overhead in the composition.
Postglacial rebound and Earth's viscosity structure from GRACE

[1] The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission was launched in March 2002 and has an expected 5-year lifetime. One potential application of GRACE measurements of time-variable gravity will be to isolate the postglacial rebound signal, which can then be used to estimate the Earth's viscosity structure. In this paper we present a sensitivity analysis of simulated GRACE data, designed to assess the accuracy with which those data can be used to recover a simple model of Earth viscosity. We find that without combining with any other data type, but ignoring complications caused by uncertainties in the global ice loading history, GRACE data alone would allow us to determine the viscosity of a uniform lower mantle layer and an upper mantle/transition zone layer to within ±30–40% and to estimate lithospheric thickness to within ±15–20%. GRACE will have a harder time differentiating between the separate viscosities of the transition zone and upper mantle, but accuracies of within a factor of 2 might still be achievable for those parameters. Errors in the ice loading history could significantly degrade these viscosity estimates, particularly for the transition zone and upper mantle. The accuracy of recovery of the true Earth viscosity will depend in part on how well the model parameterization used for the grid search can represent the true Earth structure. However, combining GRACE data with data from other more traditional measurements of postglacial rebound has the potential of dramatically improving viscosity estimates throughout the Earth, particularly in the lower mantle.
Preparing for terrorist attacks: an ongoing challenge.

As we enter this particular new year, 2004, more than two years after the terrible events of September 11, 2001, it is particularly fitting that we consider the long-term national consequences of this event. During this winter holiday season, our country has once again been placed on a heightened level of terrorist alert. Added security checkpoints monitoring approaching vehicles at many airports augment the already familiar presence of federal security personnel and frequent snake-like lines at security stations within the terminals. Selected international flights have been cancelled, and air marshals are required on other international flights, in response, we are told, to an alarming crescendo in the volume and specificity of Internet messages by presumed or known terrorist groups. At the time of this writing, fortunately, no new major terrorist event remotely approaching the magnitude of the events of 9/11 has occurred; yet we are strongly advised to be watchful and alert, while still carrying on our usual activities. Whether the overall increased level of security in the country, intensified at times like the present heightened alert level, has actually reduced or helped abort terrorist attacks that would have otherwise occurred, we do not know. Remarkably, at least it seems to me, the public is grateful for at least the perception of greater safety, so that the sizable “hassle factor” involved in air travel and in many other daily activities, such as parcel or handbag searches at concerts or the theater, new metal detectors in many buildings, and other similar measures, are accepted with little protest. The article in this issue by Stein et al. provides us with important information about the persistence of psychological symptoms after September 11, not just in New York City but throughout the nation, demonstrating significant levels of distress persuasively related to the events of 9/11. By two months after the event, over 20% of adults remained substantially distressed, and this was equally true throughout the country. Impairment in work or school was common in this group, along with avoidance of crowds, persistent fears, and use of alcohol, prescription drugs, and non-prescription drugs. Information similar to the results presented in their study from two months post-disaster would be important to obtain longitudinally, so that Psychiatry 67(2) Summer 2004 167
Parametric Estimation in a Recurrent Competing Risks Model.

A resource-efficient approach to making inferences about the distributional properties of the failure times in a competing risks setting is presented. Efficiency is gained by observing recurrences of the compet- ing risks over a random monitoring period. The resulting model is called the recurrent competing risks model (RCRM) and is coupled with two repair strategies whenever the system fails. Maximum likelihood estima- tors of the parameters of the marginal distribution functions associated with each of the competing risks and also of the system lifetime dis- tribution function are presented. Estimators are derived under perfect and partial repair strategies. Consistency and asymptotic properties of the estimators are obtained. The estimation methods are applied to a data set of failures for cars under warranty. Simulation studies are used to ascertain the small sample properties and the efficiency gains of the resulting estimators.
Protecting Prosecution Exploring the Powers of Law in an Intervention Program for Domestic Violence

This article critically analyzes how the criminal justice system centrally situates itself in an intervention program intended to protect victims of domestic abuse and stalking. Based on the first empirical, in-depth study in the Netherlands of an intervention program using electronic technology that is increasingly used in the United States, results indicate how the central role of the criminal justice actors can evoke a shift toward foregrounding prosecutorial interests. Drawing from a critical theoretical understanding of the powers of law and the legal system, the author argues that current tendencies toward criminalization in domestic violence interventions can have an unintended violent impact for victims who are either excluded from the program or are forced into a criminal justice regime that might not be in their primary interest. In this study, women seem to actively navigate the use of the criminal justice system to receive the protection they need.
Sensor data fusion on a parallel processor

A major obstacle to the implementation of an intelligent, multi-sensor integrated robotic system is the lack of a uniform environment for developing the diverse system components and for efficiently communicating between these components. Our work is concerned with the solution through mapping such system onto a single parallel processor. We present a graphical programming environment, the Function Network Programming Environment, for developing and hierarchically organizing the computational modules of complex, asynchronous systems. In this environment, dependencies between modules are described graphically by interconnected function nodes; hence, parallelism is expressed naturally. Implementation on the BBN Butterfly parallel processor is also discussed, and a hypothetical development cycle for a multi-sensor integrated robot is described. It is expected that this environment will greatly facilitate the design and development of sophisticated, multi-sensor integrated robotic systems as well as enhance human comprehension of such systems.
Pharmacokinetics of yohimbine following intravenous administration to horses

DiMaio Knych, H.K., Steffey, E.P., Deuel, J.L., Shepard, R.A., Stanley, S.D. Pharmacokinetics of yohimbine following intravenous administration to horses. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap.34, 58–63. Yohimbine is an alpha 2 adrenergic receptor antagonist used most commonly in veterinary medicine to reverse the effects of the alpha 2 receptor agonists, xylazine and detomidine. Most notably, yohimbine has been shown to counteract the CNS depressant effects of alpha 2 receptor agonists in a number of species. The recent identification of a yohimbine positive urine sample collected from a horse racing in California has led to the investigation of the pharmacokinetics of this compound. Eight healthy adult horses received a single intravenous dose of 0.12 mg/kg yohimbine. Blood samples were collected at time 0 (prior to drug administration) and at various times up to 72 h post drug administration. Plasma samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and data analyzed using both noncompartmental and compartmental analysis. Peak plasma concentration was 114.5 + 31.8 ng/mL and occurred at 0.09 + 0.03 h. Mean ± SD systemic clearance (Cls) and steady-state volume of distribution (Vdss) were 13.5 + 2.1 mL/min/kg and 3.3 + 1.3 L/kg following noncompartmental analysis. For compartmental analysis, plasma yohimbine vs. time data were best fitted to a two compartment model. Mean ± SD Cls and Vdss of yohimbine were 13.6 ± 2.0 mL/min/kg and 3.2 ± 1.1 L/kg, respectively. Mean ± SD terminal elimination half-life was 4.4 ± 0.9 h following noncompartmental analysis. Immediately following administration, two horses showed signs of sedation, while the other six appeared behaviorally unaffected. Gastrointestinal sounds were moderately increased compared to baseline while fecal consistency appeared normal.
The United States' potential blood donor pool: estimating the prevalence of donor-exclusion factors on the pool of potential donors.

Background/case studies Despite decreased blood use, there are supply limitations. Therefore, it is important to determine the number of people potentially eligible to donate blood. This study updates an analysis from 2007 to estimate the pool of eligible blood donors in the United States. Study design/methods We developed a revised epidemiologic model to account for changes in donor exclusion factors based on AABB standards. Donor exclusionary factors were identified and epidemiologic databases selected to enumerate the population prevalence of the donor exclusion factors. Prevalence data were adjusted for age, duration of exclusion, and comorbidities. The number of excluded individuals is calculated to estimate the current size of the eligible blood donor pool. The current study incorporates changes in demographic characteristics that have altered the pool of eligible blood donors. Results/findings The pool of eligible blood donors increased by approximately 93.9 million from 111 million persons in 2007 to 204.9 million persons in 2018, while the population of the United States increased by 34 million persons (from 293 million to 327 million). The number of donor exclusion factors increased from 31 to 38. Overall, the pool of eligible blood donors increased from 37.9% to 62.6% of the total population. The single largest change impacting the pool of eligible blood donors is the inclusion of individuals 65 years and older, increasing the eligible blood donor pool by 51 million of the new 93.9 million persons However, this increase in number of potential donors 65 years and older is offset by a corresponding increase in the prevalence of donor exclusion factor impact in individuals aged 65 years and above. Conclusion A very large number of people are potentially eligible to donate blood. Therefore, blood supply limitations appear to be due to other factors. We suggest that these factors are differences in social commitments by changing demographic populations and the elimination of high-cost blood collection operations by blood suppliers.
eLearning to enhance physician patient communication: a pilot test of "doc.com" and "WebEncounter" in teaching bad news delivery.

Background: Physician-patient communication skills help determine the nature and quality of diagnostic information elicited from patients, the quality of the physician’s counseling, and the patient’s adherence to treatment. In spite of their importance, surveys have demonstrated a wide variability and deficiencies in the teaching of these skills. Aim: Describe two specific methodologies for teaching physician-patient communication skills developed at our institution and pilot test them for effectiveness. Methods: Between 2004 and 2009 we developed ‘‘doc.com,’’ a series of 41 media-rich online modules on all aspects of healthcare communication jointly with the American Academy on Communication in Healthcare. Starting in 2006, we expanded our preexisting experience with the videoconferencing system ‘‘WebOSCE’’ into the online application ‘‘WebEncounter.’’ This new methodology combines practice of communication skills on standardized patients with structured assessment and constructive feedback. We had three randomized groups: controls who did only the assessment parts of a WebOSCE on two occasions, a doc.com group who had doc.com in between the assessment occasions, and a combined group that had both doc.com and a WebEncounter between assessments. Results/Conclusion: We found significant improvement in skills as components were added, and the training program was well received.
Upgraded gravity anomaly base of the United States

A concerted effort to compile an upgraded digital gravity anomaly database, grid, and map for the United States by the end of 2002 is under way. This joint effort by the geophysics groups at the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) (with support from the National Imagery and Mapping Agency [NIMA]), is an outgrowth of the new geoscientific community initiative called Geoinformatics (www.geoinformaticsnetwork.org). This dominantly geospatial initiative reflects the realization by Earth scientists that existing information systems and techniques are inadequate to address the complex scientific and societal issues that we must confront. Currently, the lack of standardization and chaotic distribution of available geoscience data, a lack of documentation about them, and the lack of easy-to-use access tools and computer codes for their analysis are major obstacles for scientists, government agencies, and educators alike. ...
Bariatric surgery and obstetric outcomes: Josefsson et al

290 American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology Obesity is a worldwide epidemic: the World Health Organization estimates that more than 300 million adults are obese, and unfortunately, the rate seems to be rising. The consequences of having a body mass index of 30 or more— the official definition of obesity—include diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Much data also indicate adverse pregnancy-related events among obese women; they have higher rates of gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and infants with birth defects than women who are not obese. Traditional weight-loss methods, such as dieting—with or without adjunctivemedications—arenotaseffectiveaswe would hope, generally providing poor long-term weight-loss results. Bariatric surgeries, specifically, gastric bypass, gastric banding, vertical sleeve gastrectomy, and biliopancreatic diversion, provide newer options. These techniques have pros and cons, but it is clear that more women of reproductive age are opting for them. Data on reproductive outcomes in women who undergo bariatric surgery are becoming more available, and a new study by Josefsson and colleagues is another valuable addition to the literature.
Information technology and the third world

This article reviews selected effects of new developments in information technology on the Third World, and suggests that the more positive effects lie in the social and cultural realms. It is generally conceded that the economic impact of information This article reviews selected effects of new developments in information technology on the Third World, and suggests that the more positive effects lie in the social and cultural realms. It is generally conceded that the economic impact of information This article reviews selected effects of new developments in information technology on the Third World, and suggests that the more positive effects lie in the social and cultural realms. It is generally conceded that the economic impact of information technology favors industrialized countries rather than those with labor intensive industries and high unemployment. A number of social and cultural impacts of information technology are discussed, and the effect of changing technology on national informatic policies is illustrated. While national development of informatic industries in the Third World is essential and beneficial, the “postindustrial society” does not appear to be a realistic alternate goal of socio-economic developme does not appear to be a realistic alternate goal of socio-economic developme does not appear to be a realistic alternate goal of socio-economic developme does not appear to be a realistic alternate goal of socio-economic development.
Interruptions as multimodal outputs: which are the less disruptive?

This paper describes exploratory studies of interruption modalities and disruptiveness. Five interruption modalities were compared: heat, smell, sound, vibration, and light. Much more notable than the differences between modalities was the differences between people. We found that subjects' sensitiveness depended on their previous life exposure to the modalities. Individual differences greatly control the effect of interrupting stimuli. We show that is possible to build a multimodal adaptive interruption interface, such interfaces would dynamically select the output interruption modality to use based on its effectiveness on a particular user.
GENETIC CONTROL OF COMBINING SITES OF INSULIN ANTIBODIES PRODUCED BY GUINEA PIGS

1. Genetic factors control the configuration of combining sites of guinea pig insulin antibodies. 2. It is possible that the configuration of the combining sites of guinea pig insulin antibodies is controlled by more than one gene and not by multiple alleles at a given gene locus.
Design of Fuel Additives Using Neural Networks and Evolutionary Algorithms

It is difficult and challenging to design high-performance fuel additives in an industrial-design setting where data are sparse and noisy, and fundamental knowledge is often limited. An automated framework is presented for the design of such fuel-additive molecules that minimize the intake-valve deposit in the automobile. A hybrid model that combined functional descriptors from a first-principles degradation model with a statistical/neural-network model was developed to predict additive performance, given the additive structure. The results of the predictive model are discussed for different real industrial case studies. An evolutionary method using specialized representation and constrained operators to enforce formulation constraints was used to generate optimal additive molecules that meet desired performance criteria. The evolutionary design strategy in combination with the hybrid prediction model was successful in identifying novel additive molecules that also possess good synthesis potential.
On Chahine's Relaxation Method for the Radiative Transfer Equation

Abstract The iteration scheme proposed by Chahine for the solution of the radiative transfer equation is discussed in the context of the inverse problem for the thermal structure of the atmosphere. Sufficient conditions which insure the convergence of the iteration are given.
Crustal Rifting and Subsidence of Sirte Basin, Libya: a Mature Hydrocarbon Province: ABSTRACT

The complex rifting and subsidence history of the Sirte basin serves as an instructive case study of the tectonic evolution of an intercratonic extensional basin. The Sirte basin formed by collapse of the Sirte arch in the mid-Cretaceous. Marine sediments accumulated following initial crustal arching and rifting as the basin was flooded from the north. Upper Cretaceous strata lie unconformably on igneous and metamorphic rocks of the Precambrian basement complex, Cambrian-Ordovician Gargaf Group, or the pre-Cretaceous continental Nubian Sandstone. The most rapid subsidence and accumulation of basinal strata occurred in the early Cenozoic; however, the basin has been relatively stable since the Oligocene. The basin is floored by a northwest-southeast-trending mosaic of narr w horsts and grabens, an important structural characteristic that distinguishes it from the adjacent intracratonic Kufra, Murzuk, and Ghadames basins. The details of basin subsidence, sediment accumulation rates, and facies variations have been reconstructed for the northern Sirte basin from a suite of approximately 100 well logs and numerous seismic lines. Subsidence-rate maps for short time intervals from the mid-Cretaceous through the Eocene show a continual shifting of the loci of maximum and minimum subsidence. The nonsteady character of basin subsidence may reflect a periodicity of movement on the major basement-rooted growth faults bounding the underlying horsts and grabens. End_of_Article - Last_Page 260------------
Headwater Influences on Downstream Water Quality

We investigated the influence of riparian and whole watershed land use as a function of stream size on surface water chemistry and assessed regional variation in these relationships. Sixty-eight watersheds in four level III U.S. EPA ecoregions in eastern Kansas were selected as study sites. Riparian land cover and watershed land use were quantified for the entire watershed, and by Strahler order. Multiple regression analyses using riparian land cover classifications as independent variables explained among-site variation in water chemistry parameters, particularly total nitrogen (41%), nitrate (61%), and total phosphorus (63%) concentrations. Whole watershed land use explained slightly less variance, but riparian and whole watershed land use were so tightly correlated that it was difficult to separate their effects. Water chemistry parameters sampled in downstream reaches were most closely correlated with riparian land cover adjacent to the smallest (first-order) streams of watersheds or land use in the entire watershed, with riparian zones immediately upstream of sampling sites offering less explanatory power as stream size increased. Interestingly, headwater effects were evident even at times when these small streams were unlikely to be flowing. Relationships were similar among ecoregions, indicating that land use characteristics were most responsible for water quality variation among watersheds. These findings suggest that nonpoint pollution control strategies should consider the influence of small upland streams and protection of downstream riparian zones alone is not sufficient to protect water quality.
Response of Tradewind Cumuli to Large-Scale Processes

Abstract The two-dimensional slab-symmetric numerical cloud model used by Soong and Ogura (1973) for studying the evolution of an isolated cumulus cloud is extended to investigate the statistical properties of cumulus clouds which would be generated under a given large-scale forcing composed of the horizontal advection of temperature and water vapor mixing ratio, vertical velocity, sea surface temperature and radiative cooling. Random disturbances of small amplitude are introduced into the model at low levels to provide random motion for cloud formation. The model is applied to a case of suppressed weather conditions during BOMEX for the period 22–23 June 1969 when a nearly steady state prevailed. The composited temperature and mixing ratio profiles of these two days are used as initial conditions and the time-independent large-scale forcing terms estimated from the observations are applied to the model. The result of numerical integration shows that a number of small clouds start developing after 1 h. So...
Atomic Force Microscopy Images of Starch Polymer Crystalline and Amorphous Structures

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used to image the internal structure of broken surfaces of a starch-zein thermoplastic polymer that had been previously pressure-formed into tensile bars. Analysis of the AFM data reveals that the surface of starch-zein polymer consists of a complex mixture of crystalline and amorphous domains. AFM analysis of the crystalline domains of a freshly broken tensile bar surface show highly ordered skein-like arrays. At higher magnifications helical arrays suggestive of a double helix structure are present.
The occurrence of the spores of B. botulinus in the Hawaiian Islands and China. VII

The predominance of B. botulinus, type A, in the Pacific Coast States is in striking contrast to that of type B in the Atlantic States, England and Europe. These differences in the distribution of types cannot be attributed to any topographic factors but coincide amazingly with the density of the population and agricultural activity. It naturally suggests itself to compare these observations with those found in specimens collected in other portions of the Western Hemisphere and in certain parts of the Eastern Hemisphere. The Hawaiian Islands have been chosen on account of their mountainous surface and their
Offshoring at Global Information Systems, Inc.

SUBJECT AREAS: Career changes, High technology, Information technology, International operations, Operations management, Outsourcing CASE SETTINGS: United States; IT industry; $87 billion revenues; 300,000 employees; 2004 This case explores the topic of offshoring high-tech jobs several perspectives. The issues presented include determining the stock price consequences of offshoring, examining the economic consequences of the offshore job to both the transferring and receiving countries, considering the competitive consequences of not offshoring, and thinking through the challenge of investing in a career that is vulnerable to future offshoring.
Digital Controller for Magnetic Suspension Axle Bearing System Based on TMS320F2812

This paper first introduces composition and principle of digital controller for magnetic suspension axle bearing system numeral controller.Based on the principle,the article establishes a magnetic bearing rotor SDOF mathematical model and completes the control system hardware design and implementation based on the TMS320F2812 processor.With the implementation of the hardware,the paper presents the software design of the digital controller,including the PID control algorithm,PC communications,A/D,D/A,and so on.Finally,the paper gives the hardware and software debugging of the digital controller.
Optimization Design of Oil-Gas Separation Chamber in a Gasoline Engine Cylinder Head Cover

The oil-gas separation of a gasoline engine is not very good, also burn the engine oil. Through optimal design the oil-gas separation chamber of the cylinder cover, and verify the effect of the oil-gas separation. The results show that the effect of oil and gas separation was very great, and the problem of burning oil was resolved.
Countercurrent distribution of soybean fatty acid methyl esters biosynthetically labeled with H3 and C14

Fatty acids randomly labeled with C14 and with H3 were prepared by culturing soybean plants (a) in the presence of C14O2, and (b) with H3OH in the nutrient medium. After maturation of the beans, extraction of the oils, and transesterification of the glycerides with methanol, the methyl esters were readily separated by countercurrent distribution to yield fractions of pure linoleate (7 g and 469 μc of Cl4-labeled esters), 97% linolenate, a 2:1 mixture of oleate and palmitate, 83% stearate, and concentrates of C20, and higher acid esters. Over-all recoveries of 90% may be expected from countercurrent distribution.
Selecting A Rehabilitation Program for People with Stroke

This article reviews the 1997 Balanced Budget Act as it pertains to Medicare reimbursement and its consequent impact on medical rehabilitation in general and on persons with stroke in particular. Following a description of the concept and practice of “consumer choice” in health care today, the author frames “choice” in the context of outcomes management wherein the person with stroke may be provided with a report card that describes what outcomes the patient might expect following a course of rehabilitation. Today more than ever, patients are beginning to require information about provider performance that is easy to understand and allows for them to make intelligent purchasing decisions. Literature is reviewed that documents better stroke outcomes in specific types of rehabilitation settings. Finally, a variety of existing consumer tools are reviewed that assist the person with stroke in making an enlightened choice for an optimal setting for stroke rehabilitation. Unfortunately, persons with stroke may not consistently be able to exercise an educated choice because the payer may independently determine placement. An extensive consumer check list of quality indicators is provided to enable the patient’s family and provider to evaluate the appropriateness of placing a person with stroke in a given setting.
Abstract B83: Predictors of cervical cancer screening among women receiving care in a safety-net health system

Objective: To identify factors impacting rates of cervical cancer screening among women receiving medical care through a safety-net health system. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess knowledge regarding cervical cancer, as well as individual attitudes, beliefs and perceptions among women presenting to two publically-funded community clinics. Sample size was powered to detect a 15% difference in screening prevalence (p Results: Of 1,094 women invited to participate, 983 subjects completed a questionnaire. Eighty two percent of subjects reported having had a Pap test in the past 3 years. Hispanic ethnicity and being born outside the U.S. were significantly associated with the lowest rates of screening, while African-American women had the highest screening rates. The majority of respondents had accurate knowledge regarding the Pap test and its role in cervical cancer screening. In addition to knowledge of the Pap test, we found that knowledge of cervical cancer risk factors, continuity of care and a sense of fatalism were each associated with higher rates of cervical cancer screening. We also found that a partner9s opinion regarding the importance of testing was robustly associated with screening in Hispanic women (OR=10.7 p Conclusions: In the absence of health access barriers, multiple socio-cultural factors significantly impact cervical cancer screening rates. Among Hispanic women, perceived attitudes of partners is strongly associated with participation in cervical cancer screening. Citation Format: Abayomi N. Ogunwale, Haleh Sangi-Haghpeykar, Jane Montealegre, Margaret A. Nosek, Maria Jibaja-Weiss, Matthew L. Anderson. Predictors of cervical cancer screening among women receiving care in a safety-net health system. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Seventh AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; Nov 9-12, 2014; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015;24(10 Suppl):Abstract nr B83.
Building a virtual branch

Programme CLIO (Collegiate Librarian and Information Officer), programme ayant pour but de creer une branche virtuelle dans les divers etablissements du campus de Virginia, promouvoir l'utilisation des ressources sur reseau, creer des pages Web...
MicroRNAs and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of male cancer-related deaths. A significant fraction of prostate tumors are very aggressive, often metastasizing to bone, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Also, PCa is associated with high rates of recurrence, often attributed to the existence of cancer stem cells. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process characterized by decreased expression of epithelial genes and increased expression of mesenchymal genes, plays a critical role in tumor invasion, metastasis and recurrence. In PCa, EMT has been implicated particularly in the context of metastatic disease and microRNAs have emerged as critical post-transcriptional regulators of PCa EMT. In this review, we summarize the role of miRNAs in PCa EMT that play a role in progression, metastasis and recurrence. Studies till date suggest that microRNAs mediate efficient and reversible control of PCa EMT via multiple mechanisms including either by (i) directly repressing single or multiple EMT-TFs or regulating cytoskeletal components (epithelial/mesenchymal genes) or (ii) regulating key signaling pathways involved in EMT. Oncogenic microRNAs often act as EMT promoters by repressing epithelial characteristics and tumor suppressive miRNAs act by inhibiting mesenchymal progression. Further, EMT is mechanistically linked to stem cell signatures in PCa and several miRNAs implicated in EMT have been reported to influence PCa stem cells. Loss of EMT-inhibiting miRNAs and/or gain of EMT promoting miRNAs lead to induction of PCa EMT, leading to tumor progression, metastasis and recurrence. Restoring expression of tumor suppressive miRNAs and inhibiting oncogenic miRNAs represent potential therapeutic opportunities to prevent disease metastasis and recurrence.
4.430 – Silica-Based Mesoporous Nanospheres

Since the independent discovery of the formation of mesostructured silica using surfactants as structure-directing agents by several groups in the early 1990s, these materials have found important applications in the areas of catalysis and separation technology and, most recently, as biomaterials. Among all the silica-based materials that have been investigated, mesoporous silica nanospheres (MSNs) promise to have great potential for various biomedical applications because of their well-defined structures and surface properties. In this chapter, we first provide a brief history of mesoporous silica materials along with the general synthesis procedure of these materials. This is followed by a description of the synthesis to obtain the mesoporous silica-based microspheres and nanospheres. We also discuss the physical and chemical properties of these materials along with the general techniques used for characterizing them. Particular attention is given to their applications as biomaterials.
The Lagrangian-Hamiltonian Theory

In this chapter we elaborate on the results of the previous one by means of a more rigorous derivation of the dynamical theory. By using the correlated parameter τ as it was defined in the preceding chapter, we derive the covariant Lagrangian and Hamiltonian dynamical theory of the classical relativistic many-body system. If the previous chapter may be considered as a heuristic introduction to the dynamical theory, this chapter may be considered as a more formal derivation of the equations of motion. In many respects, but certainly not all, the derivation of the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics of conservative systems presented in this chapter is a rather straightforward covariant generalization of nonrelativistic mechanics, e. g., as found in Goldstein.1 Readers possessing a familiarity with analytical mechanics on that level may wish to proceed accordingly in a swifter fashion through certain sections of this chapter.
Subscapularis Tears and Instability

The subscapularis is critical to the normal function and kinematics of the shoulder. With the wide adoption of arthroscopic techniques to address shoulder pathology, subscapularis tears have been increasingly recognized and treated. Clinical exam and advanced imaging are useful for the diagnosis of subscapularis tears, but smaller tears may not be fully appreciated with either of these methods. Nonoperative management is indicated for smaller, degenerative, partial-thickness tears with surgical management for all other tear types, including acute tears. Excellent results have been reported for arthroscopic subscapularis repair even though techniques continue to evolve.