cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Foundations of Mobile Computing

It is our great pleasure to welcome you to the 6th ACM SIGACT-SIGMOBILE International Workshop on Foundations of Mobile Computing (DIALM-POMC), which is being held in conjunction with the 24th International Symposium on Distributed Computing (DISC). The workshop will take place on September 16 in Cambridge, MA. This year's workshop continues its tradition of being a premier forum for presentation of research results and experience reports on the design and analysis of discrete and distributed algorithms, and more generally, the foundations of mobile, wireless, ad-hoc, and sensor networks. DIALM-POMC gives researchers and practitioners a unique opportunity to share their perspectives with others interested in mobile computing, discrete and distributed algorithms. The workshop received 19 valid submissions. Following a thorough review process, 10 papers were accepted as full papers. We would like to take this opportunity to thank all the Technical Program Committee members for their dedication and help. Collectively, these papers cover a wide range of topics related to the foundations of mobile computing and distributed computing. In addition to this interesting mix of topics covered in the technical sessions consisting of the accepted papers, we are happy and proud to have two outstanding keynote speakers --- one from academic and one from industrial research --- who will offer perspectives on current and future challenges in the area. In particular, the two keynote speakers will be Rajmohan Rajaraman, Professor at the College of Computer & Information Science, Northeastern University, and Ranveer Chandra, Researcher in the Networking Research Group at Microsoft Research in Redmond.
Melanoma-induced reprogramming of Schwann cell signaling aids tumor growth

The tumor microenvironment has been compared with a nonhealing wound involving a complex interaction between multiple cell types. Schwann cells, the key regulators of peripheral nerve repair, have recently been shown to directly affect nonneural wound healing. Their role in cancer progression, however, has been largely limited to neuropathic pain and perineural invasion. In this study, we showed that melanoma activated otherwise dormant functions of Schwann cells aimed at nerve regeneration and wound healing. Such reprogramming of Schwann cells into repair-like cells occurred during the destruction and displacement of neurons as the tumor expanded and via direct signaling from melanoma cells to Schwann cells, resulting in activation of the nerve injury response. Melanoma-activated Schwann cells significantly altered the microenvironment through their modulation of the immune system and the extracellular matrix in a way that promoted melanoma growth in vitro and in vivo. Local inhibition of Schwann cell activity following cutaneous sensory nerve transection in melanoma orthotopic models significantly decreased the rate of tumor growth. Tumor-associated Schwann cells, therefore, can have a significant protumorigenic effect and may present a novel target for cancer therapy. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings reveal a role of the nerve injury response, particularly through functions of activated Schwann cells, in promoting melanoma growth.
Improving Content-based Audio Retrieval by Vocal Imitation Feedback

Content-based audio retrieval including query-by-example (QBE) and query-by-vocal imitation (QBV) is useful when search-relevant text labels for the audio are unavailable, or text labels do not sufficiently narrow the search. However, a single query example may not provide sufficient information to ensure the target sound(s) in the database are the most highly ranked. In this paper, we adapt an existing model for generating audio embeddings to create a state-of-the-art similarity measure for audio QBE and QBV. We then propose a new method to update search results when top-ranked items are not relevant: The user provides an additional vocal imitation to illustrate what they do or do not want in the search results. This imitation may either be of some portion of the initial query example, or of a top-ranked (but incorrect) search result. Results show that adding vocal imitation feedback improves initial retrieval results by a statistically significant amount.
Cognitive and motor aspects of cancer-related fatigue.

Background Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a debilitating symptom frequently reported by patients during and after treatment for cancer. CRF is a multidimensional experience and is often solely assessed by self-report measures. The goal of the study is to examine the physical and cognitive aspects of self-reported CRF using a cognitive function test and a physical fatigue index in order to provide objective measures that can characterize the CRF phenotype. Methods A total of 59 subjects with nonmetastatic prostate cancer receiving external beam radiation therapy were included in the study. Fatigue was measured using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Fatigue (FACT-F) questionnaire. Cognitive characteristics of CRF was measured using the Stroop Color-Word Interference computerized test and the motor aspect of fatigue was measured using the static fatigue test using a handgrip dynamometer. Findings Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Fatigue scores significantly correlated with the Stroop Interference score, but not performance accuracy in all test conditions. Fatigued subjects exhibited a more rapid decline to 50% of maximal strength and increased static fatigue index in the handgrip test, whereas maximal grip strength was not affected. Conclusions The results suggest that CRF exhibits both cognitive and physical characteristics. Subjective fatigue was associated with increased time required to overcome cognitive interference, but not cognitive performance accuracy. Fatigued patients exhibited decreased physical endurance and the ability to sustain maximal strength over time. These objective measures may serve as valuable tools for clinicians to detect cognitive and physical impairment associated with CRF.
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Guillain-Barre Syndrome and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy

Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) has been used as a treatment modality in many autoimmune disorders, including neurological conditions, such as Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP). The American Society for Apheresis (ASFA) publishes its guidelines on the use of therapeutic apheresis every 3 years based on published evidence to assist physicians with both the medical and technical aspects of apheresis consults. The ASFA Guidelines included the use of TPE in both GBS and CIDP as an acceptable first-line therapy, either alone and/or in conjunction with other therapeutic modalities. In this article, we briefly reviewed GBS and CIDP, discussed the role of apheresis in these conditions as well as various technical aspects of the TPE procedure, such as apheresis calculation, number of volume exchange, replacement fluid, and management of potential complications.
Early Intervention Using the National Early Warning Scoring System for Hematological Mallignancy and HSCT Patients

Topic Significance & Study Purpose/Background/Rationale It was identified that the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria were overly sensitive in detecting clinical deterioration the malignant hematology and cellular therapy (HMCT) population. This may create inconsistency in the activation of rapid response team (RRT) with patient decline. Objectives The aim of this project is to evaluate the implementation and use of the National Early Warning Scoring (NEWS) system in HMCT patients. The registered nurse calculates the NEWS score from the vital signs, assessment, and implements actions which may include activation of the RRT and assessment of patient for transfer to intensive care unit (ICU). Methods, Intervention, & Analysis Retrospective data collection from 2016 - 2017 was used for this project. Findings & Interpretation A statically significant decrease in the mean time between patients meeting a NEWS score of 5 or greater and activation of RRT was noted in the post-implementation group. An increase in frequency of escalation of care to the ICU for patients with multiple RRT activations during admission was statistically significant (U=296, p=0.014, r=0.31). Use of the NEWS tool has demonstrated success in identifying patients who are experiencing clinical deterioration and improved response time to initiation of additional evaluation and treatments. Discussion & Implications Use of the NEWS scoring tool results in early and consistent intervention with clinically deteriorating patients. The appropriate escalation of care to ICU setting and timely intervention with declining patients to prevent unnecessary ICU transfer is now expected in these highly vulnerable patients.
A tale of twists: loperamide-induced torsades de pointes and ventricular tachycardia storm.

A 69-year-old man with past medical history of coronary artery disease, status postcoronary artery bypass, ischaemic cardiomyopathy with ejection fraction of 15%, status postautomatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator since 2013, known case of ventricular tachycardia (VT), on sotalol, irritable
Lymph node micrometastases detection using paired-agent imaging protocol with biological tissue model

Sentinel lymph node involvement is recognized as a prognostic factor in breast cancer staging and is essential to guide optimal treatment. The possibility of missed micrometastases by using conventional methods was estimated around 20-60% cases has created a demand for the development of more accurate approaches. A paired-agent imaging approach is presented by employing a control imaging agent to allow rapid, quantitative mapping of microscopic populations of tumor cells in lymph nodes to guide pathology sectioning. To test the feasibility of this approach to identify micrometastases, lymph node micrometastases biological tissue model was developed and were stained with targeted and control imaging agent solution to evaluate the binding potential of the agents of intact nodes. ABY-029, an EGFR specific affibody was labeled with IRDye-800CW(LICOR) as targeted agent and IRDye-700DX was hydrolyzed as control agent. Lymph nodes phantoms were stained for 60 min, followed by 60 min rinsing, and the fluorescence of whole lymph node phantoms were recorded to evaluate the spatial distribution of both agents in the entire phantom. Measured binding potential of targeted agent between micrometastases and control regions were 0.652 ± 0.130 and -0.008 ± 0.042 respectively (p < 0.0001). The results demonstrate the potential to enhance the sensitivity of lymph node pathology using paired-agent imaging in a whole human lymph node.
In Reply: Essential tremor, beta-blockers, and calcium channel blockers (December 2011)

Readers comment on previous articles about glucocorticoid-induced diabetes and adrenal failure (November 2011), essential tremor (December 2011), and Parkinson disease (January 2012).
Correction to: RECENT Advances in Endoscopic Treatments for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

In the article, “7RECENT Advances in Endoscopic Treatments for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease,” published in the September issue of Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology, the title is printed in correctly.
The Theory of Agency: The Fiduciary Norm

The fiduciary norm, which prescribes agent behavior solely for the goal of the principal, without regard for other goals, is defined in the context of the theory of agency. The fiduciary program, a set of procedures for determining the principal's preferences and acting for them, is then defined and discussed. Two consequences of the fiduciary norm, a tendency toward maximization, and a fiduciary paradox, are analyzed. The general choice situation of agency is examined, with identification of the fiduciary function from which the agent selects returns to himself and his principal, and types of lexicographic agents, notably the lexical fiduciary.
A National Survey of Wilderness Medicine Curricula in United States Emergency Medicine Residencies.

Introduction Wilderness medicine (WM) is a growing subspecialty of emergency medicine. In 2018, we surveyed all 240 emergency medicine residencies in the United States to assess the scope of WM education in emergency medicine training programs in light of the nearly 30% increase in the number of residencies since 2015. Methods A survey was e-mailed to the Council of Residency Directors in Emergency Medicine listserv and individual program directors of each of the 240 residencies. The survey included questions on educational content, format, number of hours taught, availability of conference credit, offering of an elective or fellowship, and several predefined WM curricula. We evaluated differences between 3-y and 4-y residencies using the χ2 test, where P Results We had a response rate of 57% for completed surveys. Analysis showed 63% of respondent programs teach WM material. The majority (86%) partially or completely developed their curriculum, with 33% offering at least 1 of the predefined curricula. Thirteen percent taught with lecture only, 2% taught by hands-on only, and 85% used a combination of the 2. WM electives were significantly more likely to be offered by 4-y than 3-y residencies (P=0.009). Conclusions Almost two-thirds of respondent residency programs teach WM material. Of these, only one-third teach any of the predefined curricula. Four-year residencies are more likely to offer WM electives but are otherwise comparable to 3-y programs.
First Observation of Movement Rates and Repeated Migration in a Western Atlantic Torpedo (Tetronarce occidentalis) in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean

Tetronarce occidentalis (Western Atlantic Torpedo) is a demersal to semi-pelagic batoid, distributed broadly from Nova Scotia to Venezuela, for which data is limited throughout its range. A single individual was captured in the New York Bight and opportunistically tracked through nearshore waters for 2 years using passive acoustic telemetry. The individual showed rapid extensive movements (>250 km) and exhibited continuous use of coastal New York and New Jersey waters during late spring in 2012 and 2013. Observed movements were consistent with captures from fisheries-independent trawl surveys. These observations illustrate that the waters of the Mid-Atlantic Bight may offer important seasonal habitat for Atlantic torpedo rays, providing a preliminary assessment of local movement dynamics.
Comparative Analysis of Capacitive Sensors with Different Geometrical layouts for Cable Insulation Degradation Detection

This paper presents a comparative analysis between Interdigital Capacitor (IDC) sensor and Serpentine Capacitive (SRC) sensor. The effects of electrode layouts on sensor performance are studied by means of finite element simulation where the geometrical dimensions (except electrode length) and material characteristics of both sensors are identical. Conformal IDC and SRC sensors with equal sensor area are modeled on a cable surface. The simulation results show a tradeoff between IDC and SRC sensors in terms of sensitivity and penetration depth. The SRC sensor shows 13.3% increase in sensitivity and 16.8% increase in capacitance compared to the IDC sensor, though the electric field penetration depth of the SRC sensor is 18.8% lower than the IDC sensor. In addition, the effects of change in electrode width, inter-electrode gap, and number of electrodes on SRC and IDC sensor's comparative performance are evaluated.
Racism and Communities Beyond Race: Toni Morrison, Home and God Help the Child

Like Morrison’s earlier novels, her last two represent African Americans’ struggle for life and community within an exceptionalist U.S. culture of toxic racism. Communities in both novels play a transformative role, welcoming Black protagonists and spurring their growth and healing. After examining Morrison’s use of relevant historical references to racist exceptionalism in both novels, the chapter explores community attitudes and values in Lotus and Whiskey. The chapter also explores Morrison’s inclusive narrative form, including dialogic exchange in Home and the use of insightful and understanding third-person limited point of view in God Help. The form of these novels supports the values represented in their content; Morrison’s sympathetic understanding extends to those who have been exiled and makes them part of an inclusive community.
What Type of Body Shape Moves Children? An Experimental Exploration of the Impact of Narrative Cartoon Character Body Shape on Children's Narrative Engagement, Wishful Identification, and Exercise Motivation.

Background: The incorporation of narratives helps to enhance children’s engagement in Active Video Games (AVGs), thus increasing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Specific narrative elements, such as the visual representation of the characters’ body shape, have been rarely manipulated to explore their role in modulating children’s narrative engagement and exercise motivation. Objective: To investigate the effects of character body shape manipulation (overweight/obese, average, or athletic slim) on children’s narrative immersion, narrative engagement, wishful identification, as well as their mediating effect on AVG and PA motivation. Methods: Children ages 8 -12 years old (N=87) were randomly assigned to watch a 15-minute animated video (designed for an existing AVG) in which the main characters had an overweight/obese, or average*, or athletic slim body shape (all other elements were identical). Children’s narrative immersion, narrative engagement, wishful identification, and AVG and physical activity motivation were then assessed. Results: Controlling for social desirability, the analysis indicated that participants with a BMI of greater than the 75th percentile had a significantly higher narrative immersion, narrative engagement, wishful identification, and physical activity motivation when video characters were set to the overweight/obese condition, than they did for video characters set to the average or athletic slim conditions. On the other hand, children of equal or less than the 75th percentile exposed to the average character body condition had a greater narrative engagement, wishful identification, and physical activity motivation than overweight/obese or athletic slim conditions. A mediation analysis with structural equation modeling indicated that narrative engagement mediated the effect between character body shape and AVG and physical activity motivation. Conclusions: Narrative cartoon characters that mirror the target participant’s body shape can increase narrative engagement, which in turn mediates AVG and physical activity motivation. Content producers should identify optimal strategies in character body shape design to encourage children of different weight status to participate in PA with engaging stories to maximize health narratives’ persuasive potentials.
Organic field effect transistors with bulk low doping

Organic Field Effect Transistors (OFETs), while showing a lot of promise, currently suffer from a number of limitations. Organic doping can help to overcome these limitations. It opens up a number of new possibilities by offering a way to define majority charge carriers, control the charge carrier density, threshold voltage etc. precisely and produce devices with better performance, stability, and reproducibility. The doping techniques explored in OFETs thus far have been in the range of a few wt.%, which has limited the use of doping to contact doping or a thin doped layer at the gate dielectric interface. Furthermore, the high doping concentrations used place serious limitations on the doping efficiency that can be achieved. Here we demonstrate the successful use of low doping in the 100ppm range throughout the bulk of the organic semiconductor layer of an OFET with the use of a rotating shutter.
ELECTROPHORETIC SEPERATION OF AN INORGANIC AMORPHOUS MATERIAL FROM THE LESS THAN 0.2 MICRO M FRACTION OF A SOIL CLAY MIXTURE

AN INORGANIC AMORPHOUS MATERIAL WAS SEPARATED FROM A SOIL CLAY MIXTURE BY USE OF AN ELECTROPHORETIC CONTINUOUS- PARTICLE SEPARATOR. THE CLAY SUSPENSION WAS INTRODUCED INTO THE ELECTROPHORETIC CELL AT A RATE OF 3.1 ML PER MINUTE USING 0.0005 M SODIUM CARBONATE AT A PH OF 5.5 AS THE SUSPENSION MEDIA. THE POTENTIAL GRADIENT ACROSS THE CELL WAS 32 V/CM. THE CLAY SEPARATED INTO FOUR MAJOR BANDS WHICH WERE COLLECTED AND ANALYZED BY X-RAY DIFFRACTION, DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS, AND CHEMICAL ANALYSIS. ONE OF THE FRACTIONS COLLECTED SHOWED ONLY A SMALL AMOUNT OF CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE AS DETERMINED BY X-RAY DIFFRACTION AND DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS. /AUTHOR/
A micro method for the determination of volatile metabolites in biological samples. A preliminary report.

Abstract A new method for analyzing volatile metabolites in biological fluids and tissues has been developed. The procedure involves extraction of the sample with diethyl ehter, concentration on a short column of glass wool by elution of the diethyl ether, then thermal desorption of the trace constituents into a chromatographic system. Small samples of 100 μl are quite adequate. The method is applicable to serum, plasma, urine and other fluids. Small tissue samples can also be used with this technique.
A Rational Approach for the Probabilistic Assessment of the Seismic Risk Associated with the North Anatolian Fault

The seismic hazard associated with the North Anatolian Fault has been assessed. The results are provided in terms of the expected values of the MSK intensity and the maximum horizontal ground acceleration for different return periods at given spatial locations.
An Evaluation of Blink Inspection

It has been suggested that performance in an industrial inspection task can be improved by rapidly alternating images of the item to be inspected and a perfect item onto the visual field of the inspector. Such a blink inspection system was evaluated for a complex item (a printed circuit board which could contain three flaws) and a simple item (a blank field which could contain one flaw) using eight student subjects for each of five inspection conditions. Three groups, one using blink inspection and two control groups, inspected circuit boards; two groups (one blink and one control) inspected blank fields. Search time was improved by blink inspection for the circuit boards and with different defects showing different degrees of improvement. Only one type of defect showed both reduced search times and reduced errors. For blank fields, performance was worse under blink inspection. Subjects showed a consistent tendency to terminate their search for defects in a logical manner, with stopping time related to se...
The overlooked contributions of applied work in sociology: Who now reads S.A. rice?

Because so little attention is paid to the history of research methods, it easily is over-looked that so much of our current research technology originated in applied social research. Such contributions include probability sampling of human populations, many statistical techniques, and general strategies of data collection. The major reason the history of methods has been overlooked is that there are no classics in methods; we would not learn much by reading old methods texts because the newer texts clearly supersede the “classics.” Thus, the development of methods is cumulative, unlike the development of social theory.
Modulation of hypothalamic norepinephrine release by atrial natriuretic peptide: involvement of cyclic GMP.

The ability of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) to modulate K+-stimulated release of [3H]norepinephrine ([3H]NE) from rat hypothalamic slices was investigated. ANP-(1–28) significantly decreased K+-stimulated [3H]NE release in a concentration-dependent manner (maximal inhibition = 22% of control with 100 nM, ED50 = 70 pM). Pretreatment with pertussis toxin did not alter the response to ANP. 8Br-cGMP (10 μM), a cGMP analog, significantly decreased [3H]NE release and when combined with 10 nM ANP-(1–28), an additive effect was observed. Additionally, 3-isobutyl 1-methylxanthine (IBMX) (200 μM), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, combined with ANP-(1–28) 10 nM, significantly decreased [3H]NE release. These results indicate that ANP-(1–28) modulated release of [3H]NE from rat hypothalamic slices and the effect is most likely mediated by elevation of intraneuronal cGMP.
Staistical inventory control in theory and practice

In this paper the authors report on three areas where statistical inventory control (SIC) expectations diverge from reality. First, actual inventory performance seems immune to the use of modern techniques like material requirements planning (MRP) or just-in-time (JIT). Second, simulation studies seem to provide higher than expected customer service levels. Finally, dynamic organizational actions appear to change both the rules of the game and the way that it is scored. These observations suggest that the lack of effectiveness of SIC models in practice cannot be blamed exclusively on the scientists or the practitioners. The paper suggests that practitioners have not done well in applying the models that are available to them. It also points out that theory and practice are still far apart and suggests some research to remedy this.
He0 on D2 collisions at keV energies and the HeH2 energy surface.

An experimental and theoretical study of He/sup 0/ on D/sub 2/ collisions at energies 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 keV has been carried out to probe and to understand the energy surface of the ground electronic state of the HeH/sub 2/ triatomic molecule and of the intersections of this surface with those of low-lying electronically excited states. At each collision energy, doubly differential energy-loss spectra have been obtained and the results have been analyzed in terms of a parametric fit to an ab initio calculated ground-state energy surface. The scaled energy loss for quasielastic collisions (electronically elastic collisions with vibrational-rotational excitation) are shown to constitute a sensitive probe of the region of the ground-state energy surface in which the proximity of the He projectile breaks the H/sub 2/ (or D/sub 2/) bond. Sigmund scaling has been experimentally demonstrated to hold for the quasielastic channel in He on D/sub 2/ collisions despite the strong presence of electronically inelastic processes, a finding of particular significance, since the scaling law was derived under the assumption that there are no accessible electronically inelastic channels in the collision system. The theoretical study confirms this behavior for collisions in which electronic excitation is velocity independent and occursmore » in well-defined surface intersection regions. Cross sections differential in angle but integrated over all vibrotational-rotational inelastic energy losses have been both calculated and experimentally measured for the quasielastic channel, and the two are found to be in good agreement.« less
Total Ionizing Dose Effects on Silicon Ring Resonators

The performance of silicon ring resonators exposed to 10-keV X-ray and 662-keV gamma radiation is reported. Unpassivated rings having no native oxide exhibit a blue-shift in resonance wavelength with increasing total dose, which is attributed to surface oxidation that is accelerated in the presence of high energy radiation. Unpassivated rings exposed to $145~\hbox{krad}({\rm SiO }_2)$ of 10-keV X-rays or gamma rays exhibit blue-shifts significantly larger than the full-width at half-maximum of the resonance, leading to a more than 10 dB change in transmission. No changes in the transmission of passivated rings were observed upon irradiation. Therefore, passivated rings can function as radiation-tolerant elements in optoelectronic circuitry.
Lung transplantation: infection, inflammation, and the microbiome

Lung transplantation is the only therapeutic option for patients with end-stage pulmonary disorders. Despite the improvements in surgical techniques and immunosuppressive therapy, allograft function and long-term survival are limited by the development of chronic lung transplant rejection. In this review, we focus on bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) which is the major manifestation of chronic lung allograft rejection. We specifically review the effect of infection, a risk factor for BOS, cytokines/chemokines in the pathogenesis of BOS, and the potential link between the allograft microbiome and immune responses that may mediate the development of BOS. Understanding the allograft microbiome and how it relates to the pathologic mechanisms of BOS may suggest targeted therapies to improve long-term survival post-lung transplantation.
Can Habitat Protection Lead to Improvements in Human Well-Being? Evidence from Marine Protected Areas in the Philippines

Summary The hypothesis that sustainable resource management and biodiversity conservation can result in material benefits to participating communities has existed under different guises in the concepts of sustainable development, integrated conservation and development projects, sustainable use, and community-based resource management. What these approaches have in common is the belief that win–win situations between the environment and human development are possible under particular institutional arrangements. Disentangling the factors that contribute to effective conservation and improved human welfare is difficult, but necessary for understanding when these win–win scenarios are likely to emerge. This paper analyzes data on 40 community-based marine protected areas in the Philippines, to determine the correlates of win–win versus lose–lose or tradeoff outcomes, measured in terms of children’s nutritional status and coral reef health.
Computer Analyses of Clinical Electroencephalographic Ink Tracings with the Aid of a High-Speed Automatic Curve Reader

Computer analyses of clinical electroencephalographic (EEG) ink tracings, which were reconverted to their electrical form with the aid of a newly developed multichannel automatic curve reader, are illustrated. On-line and off-line (via the intermediary of a magnetic tape recording) analyses by a variety of methods (frequency analysis, autocorrelation and crosscorrelation, and averaging of EEG responses evoked by sensory stimulation) were made of EEG tracings (some recorded 16 years previously) from a variety of different clinical conditions. Comparison, in some instances, of the data obtained by means of the curve reader with those computed from a magnetic tape recording made simultaneously with the original ink recording showed that the results of the two were essentially indistinguishable, within the limitations of the frequency response of the original ink tracing, and that of the scanning principle of the curve reader.
Inhomogeneous relativistic electron gas: Correlation potential

The correlation energy of a relativistic electron gas based on a sum of ring diagrams including the transverse-photon contributions is numerically calculated. From this, a local, relativistic correlation potential is deduced which appears in the density-functional theory of inhomogeneous systems where relativistic effects make important contributions. Comparison with its nonrelativistic counterpart shows that the use of nonrelativistic results is very poor. The correlation contribution to the potential is found to be about 5% of the exchange for $\ensuremath{\beta}=2.5$ to about 2.5% for $\ensuremath{\beta}=1 (\ensuremath{\beta}=\frac{{k}_{F}}{m})$.
Transurethral Bladder Tumor Resection Alters Fibronectin Expression in Transitional Carcinoma Cell Lines

ABSTRACTPurpose: To examine the effect of TGF beta 1 and post-transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) urine on fibronectin (FN) expression by transitional carcinoma (TCC) cell lines.Materials and Methods: Northern analysis and rtPCR for mRNA transcripts, in combination with ELISA and immunohistochemistry for protein, were used to quantify the effect of TGF beta 1 and post-TURBT urine on cellular expression of FN in two TCC lines, 253J and 647V. The TGF beta 1-dependent nature of the response seen in post-TURBT urine was confirmed using exogenous TGF beta 1 or blocking antibodies to TGF beta 1. Active and latent levels of TGFb1 were measured in post-TURBT urine and urine “spiked” cell culture media.Results: Baseline FN expression was low in the poorly differentiated, metastatic 253J line and high in the moderately differentiated 647V line. TGF beta 1 and post-TURBT urine increased FN expression at both the mRNA and protein levels in the 253J line. Anti-TGF beta 1 antibodies inhibited the effect of...
Tests and modeling of carbon-wrapped concrete columns

Abstract There is an urgent need for models that can accurately predict performance of fiber-wrapped concrete columns. Axial compression tests on a total of 45 carbon-wrapped concrete stubs of two batches of normal and high-strength concrete and five different number of wraps were used to verify a confinement model, which was originally developed for concrete-filled glass FRP tubes. Also, a nonlinear finite element model with a non-associative Drucker–Prager plasticity was developed. Both models compared favorably with test results. It was concluded that the adhesive bond between concrete and the wrap would not significantly affect the confinement behavior. Moreover, the same confinement model can be applied to carbon and glass fibers, as long as the model has incorporated the dilation tendency of concrete as a function of the stiffness of the jacket. However, it is of utmost importance to establish the effective hoop rupture strain of the wrap through a reliability analysis by setting proper confidence level for design purposes.
Identification of tissue interaction of terahertz radiation toward functional tissue imaging

In recent years, many applications have been recognized for biomedical imaging techniques utilizing terahertz frequency radiation. This is largely due to the capability of unique tissue identification resulting from the nature of the interaction between THz radiation and the molecular structure of the cells. By THz identification methods, tissue changes in tooth enamel, cartilage, and malignant cancer cells have already been demonstrated. Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy (THz-TDS) remains one of the most versatile methods for spectroscopic image acquisition for its ability to simultaneously determine amplitude and phase over a broad spectral range. In this study we investigate the use of THz imaging techniques to uniquely identify damage types in tissue samples for both forensic and treatment applications. Using THz-TDS imaging in both transmission and reflection schemes, we examine tissue samples which have been damaged using a variety of acids. Each method of damage causes structural deterioration to the tissue by a different mechanism, thus leaving the remaining tissue uniquely changed based on the damage type. We correlate the change in frequency spectra, phase shift for each damage type to the mechanisms and severity of injury.
Antiandrogenic agents as monotherapy in advanced prostatic carcinoma

Pure antiandrogens have a quality-of-life advantage over other androgen ablation methods in the treatment of patients with prostatic cancer because they do not reduce the serum testosterone and therefore do not have a marked inhibitory effect on libido and potency. The long half-life of two of the three currently studied pure antiandrogens permits once-a-day administration, which should enhance patient compliance. With continued administration, there is a gradual rise in serum testosterone, and the clinical impact of this requires additional study using randomized Phase III trials. Proper stratification of patients at entry into such studies with documentation of various prognostic factors will add statistical value and enable physicians to draw better conclusion on the relative efficacy of these agents.
Optical coherence tomography in adult-onset vitelliform dystrophy.

Abstract Background Adult-onset vitelliform dystrophy (AOVD) is as a bilateral macular dystrophy that presents as a subretinal, oval, or round yellowish deposition in the macula. The lesions may be elevated and measure approximately 1/3 to 1 disc diameter (DD) in size. The dystrophy usually manifests between 30 and 50 years of age and has been genetically linked. Features of AOVD have been evaluated by optical coherence tomography (OCT). OCT examination shows subfoveal hyperreflective lesions lying on the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) with slight separation between the RPE and photoreceptor layers. OCT is a diagnostic tool that provides insight into the morphologic characteristics of AOVD. Case report A 67-year-old black woman presented with complaints of decreased vision and metamorphopsia in her right eye of 1 year’s duration. The patient’s ocular history was positive for “macular degeneration” for which she was given eye vitamins. The patient’s best-corrected visual acuities were 20/30 in the right eye and 20/20 in the left eye. Fundus examination found bilateral, subfoveal lesions. Optical coherence tomography demonstrated an elevated, well-circumscribed area of hyperreflectivity within the RPE in each eye. This description is that of a pattern-dystrophy of the RPE, namely, adult-onset vitelliform dystrophy. Conclusion OCT is a noninvasive instrument that provides information on the morphology of AOVD. It not only isolates the location of the lesion but can be utilized to monitor the stability of the condition. OCT interpretation of macular lesions can aid in diagnosis and management.
Multiple vacua for non-abelian lattice gauge theories

Abstract The various formulations of gauge theories characterized by the parameter θ are constructed for the lattice version of these theories. We do not rely on the existence of topologically stable solutions of the classical equations. These constructions are based on the existence of inequivalent representations of the canonical commutation relations.
Cooling and the Prostaglandin Effect in the Thermal Injury

Recent work in our laboratory demonstrated that cold water maintains the dermal microvascular circulation at the burn site and that prostaglandins play a role in the progressive dermal ischemia that occurs after thermal trauma. Standard 10% body surface area (BSA) scald burns were administered to guinea pigs. The dorsum of the treated animals was then placed in contact with a circulating ice water bath (0–3C) at various times postburn: 10, 20, 30, and 60 minutes. Tissue levels of prostaglandin F2α, prostaglandin E2, and thromboxane (Tx) B2 were assayed by an immunohistochemical procedure. The animals treated within 30 minutes of injury maintained PGF2α and PGE2 in equilibrium with one another. Their tissue levels of TxB2 were always less than those of the burned untreated animals. Grossly, animals that were cooled within 30 minutes had markedly better healing than had either the untreated controls or the animals cooled at 60 minutes. Our study suggests that cooling aids in maintaining the equilibrium of PGE2 and PGF2α, consequently stabilizing the production of TxB2. It is these changes that may prevent the dermal ischemia that otherwise accompanies thermal injury.
Electrochemistry of polyvinyl acetate gel electrolytes

Abstract This paper describes the first example of polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) used as a gel electrolyte with a short-chain polyethylene glycol (MPEG-400) as a plasticizer. The polymer films are solid and sticky. Background cyclic voltammetry (CV) shows a potential window between +0.4 and −0.7 V vs. AgQRE. The voltammetry of ferrocene, 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) and tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)cobalt(II) indicates that diffusion coefficients are in the range of 10−8–10−9 cm2/s. Ionic conductivities are approximately 10−6 S/cm. Similar films using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a plasticizer instead of MPEG-400 have demonstrated ionic conductivities of 10−4 S/cm and reversible voltammetry. However, UV spectrophotometry shows that 70% of the DMSO is lost under vacuum, indicating the difficulty in quantifying the DMSO content when exposed to vacuum.
A fast quadrature-based numerical method for the continuous spectrum biphasic poroviscoelastic model of articular cartilage

A new and efficient method for numerical solution of the continuous spectrum biphasic poroviscoelastic (BPVE) model of articular cartilage is presented. Development of the method is based on a composite Gauss-Legendre quadrature approximation of the continuous spectrum relaxation function that leads to an exponential series representation. The separability property of the exponential terms in the series is exploited to develop a numerical scheme that can be reduced to an update rule requiring retention of the strain history at only the previous time step. The cost of the resulting temporal discretization scheme is O(N) for N time steps. Application and calibration of the method is illustrated in the context of a finite difference solution of the one-dimensional confined compression BPVE stress-relaxation problem. Accuracy of the numerical method is demonstrated by comparison to a theoretical Laplace transform solution for a range of viscoelastic relaxation times that are representative of articular cartilage.
Analytical approximation for period-doubling following a hopf bifurcation

Abstract The application of center manifold techniques involves a reduction in the dimension of a dynamical system by restricting attention to an invariant subspace (the center manifold) which contains all of the essential behavior. This is the usual procedure for dealing with Hopf bifurcations, where the dimension of a system may be reduced from n to 2. In this work we have extended this procedure by noting that the n-2 dimensions that are usually discarded contain significant information concerning the attractivity, i.e., the stability, of the center manifold itself, as well as of the limit cycle which it contains. The resulting instability of the limit cycle has been seen to give rise to period-doubling.
Mosaic analysis of autonomy of spore development in Neurospora

Genetically mosaic rosettes of asci have been constructed by using as the female parent heterokaryons containing nuclei of two distinct genotypes. One nucleus contains the ascospore-autonomous color mutant, per-1 (perithecial-1). The other nucleus contains the ascus-autonomous dominant mutant R (round spore). The per-1 mutation is used to unambiguously determine the genotype of each ascus within the mature rosette of asci. Most rosettes of asci originate exclusively from either the per-1 R + nucleus or the per-1 + R nucleus. When both types occur within the same perithecium, individual asci are either one type or the other and asci of the same type are usually contiguous.
A sleep information storage and retrieval system (SISAR).

Abstract A large-scale information storage and retrieval system implemented for the processing and analysis of human sleep EEG data is described. It contains programs which facilitate data entry and updating, error checking and corection, report generation, statistical computations, data retrieval, data protection and the establishment and management of a central data base. The system is used for analyzing human sleep patterns, REM periods, sleep and penile tumescence patterns in various clinical and experimental conditions, and biochemistry and pharmacology of sleep. The analysis result can be printed in the form of over 10 different types of reports or retrieved by using a retrieval language designed for the system user.
Vomeronasal organ-mediated induction of fos in the central accessory olfactory pathways in repetitively mated female rats

Removal of the VNO significantly reduced the enhancement of lordosis and the induction of fos immunoreactivity in luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) neurons in ovariectomized estrogen-primed rats. There was a significant positive correlation between the two variables. In the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) of the repetitively mated rats, the number of fos-positive cells in the granule (G) cell layer was significantly lower in the VNO-removed rats, whereas that in the mitral (M) cell layer was not significantly different between VNO-removed and VNO-sham females. The G/M ratio (calculated by dividing the mean number of fos-positive cells in the G cell layer by that in the M cell layer), taken as an estimate of the output of the AOB, was relatively larger in the VN-sham as compared with the VNO-removed rats. There were significant positive correlations between G/M ratio and the increase in LQ and between the G/M ratio and the percentage of fos-positive LHRH cells. The positive correlation between the number of fos-positive cells in the posterodorsal medial amygdala (PDMA) and the increase in LQ and that between the number of fos-positive cells in the PDMA and the percentage of fos-positive LHRH cells were significant, supporting the role of the medial nucleus of amygdala in lordosis. However, the correlation between G/M ratio and the number of fos-positive cells in the PDMA was not significant, indicating that fos immunoreactivity in the PDMA is not directly related to that in the AOB. In conclusion, the results support the involvement of the accessory olfactory system in mediating the facilitatory effects of repeated mating on lordosis in female rats and suggest that the influence of the accessory olfactory system is mediated likely through the LHRH neuronal system. Integration and filtering of sensory information may take place at various levels of the brain, such as the AOB and the medial amygdala, before being transmitted to higher brain centers controlling lordosis behavior in female rats.
Review of recent developments in stimulated emission depletion microscopy: applications on cell imaging

Stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy is one type of far-field optical technique demonstrated to provide subdiffraction resolution. STED microscopy utilizes a donut-shaped depletion beam to limit the probe volume to be much smaller than a diffraction-limited spot. Resolutions as small as a few tens of nanometers laterally are reported for cell analysis. The different versions of STED microscopes are described and contrasted in terms of their applicability for biological imaging. Finally, we suggest likely avenues for improving the performance and increasing the utility of STED microscopy.
Genetic overlap between polycystic ovary syndrome and bipolar disorder: the endophenotype hypothesis

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a polygenic disorder caused by the interaction of susceptible genomic polymorphisms with environmental factors. PCOS, characterized by hyperandrogenism and menstrual abnormalities, has a higher prevalence in women with Bipolar Disorder (BD). Theories explaining this high prevalence have included the effect of PCOS itself or the effect of drugs such as Valproate, which may cause PCOS either directly or indirectly. Incidentally, metabolic abnormalities are observed in both bipolar and PCOS patients. Endophenotypes such as insulin resistance, obesity, and hyperglycemia are common among BD and PCOS patients, suggesting some degree of pathophysiological overlap. Since both BD and PCOS are complex polygenetic diseases, the endophenotype overlap may be the result of common genetic markers. This paper postulates that shared clinical endophenotypes between PCOS and BD indicate common pathophysiological platforms and will review these for the potential of genetic overlap between the two disorders.