cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
p16INK4a and Histology-specific Methylation of CpG Islands by Exposure to Tobacco Smoke in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

The p16(INK4a) protein inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 4, a key regulator of progression through the G(1) phase of the cell cycle. Methylation of CpG islands in the promoter region is an important avenue for inactivation of p16. The mechanism of methylation of the p16 promoter region, however, has not been elucidated. Recent reports investigating p16 methylation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) suggest that carcinogens in tobacco smoke induce the DNA methylation process. We investigated the association between methylation of the p16 promoter region and exposure to tobacco smoke in 185 primary NSCLCS: We also studied the relationship of p16 methylation with mutation of the K-ras and p53 genes, as well as with methylation at the DAP-kinase and p14(ARF) loci. Finally, we evaluated the prognostic significance of p16 methylation in NSCLC. The prevalence of p16 methylation was greater in squamous cell carcinoma (41%) compared with adenocarcinoma (22%; P = 0.03; Fisher's exact test). Methylation of p16 was significantly associated with pack-years smoked (P = 0.007; Wilcoxon rank sum test), duration of smoking (P = 0.0009; Wilcoxon rank sum test), and negatively with the time since quitting smoking (P = 0.03; Wilcoxon rank sum test). No methylation of the nearby p14(ARF) locus was detected, and methylation of the DAP-kinase locus was not associated with either p16 methylation or with exposure to tobacco smoke. In patients with stage 1 adenocarcinoma, p16 methylation was an independent risk factor predicting significantly shorter postsurgery survival (P = 0.03), controlling for the significant effects of other factors, including K-ras mutation. These findings suggest that methylation of CpG islands in tobacco-associated cancers occurs in a gene- and tissue-specific manner and is induced directly or indirectly by exposure to tobacco smoke in NSCLC.
Tocainide pharmacokinetics during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

Abstract Tocainide hydrochloride is a class IB antiarrhythmic agent that has a long duration of action and a narrow therapeutic to toxic ratio. Although tocainide resembles lidocaine structurally, it differs in potency, lipophilicity, metabolism and pharmacokinetic profile. Tocainide is almost completely absorbed after oral administration and has a bioavailability approaching 100%. 1 It is both metabolized and excreted unchanged by the kidney. The metabolites do not exert cardioprotective or cardiotoxic effects. 2 In patients with normal renal function, the biologic half-life of tocainide is about 15 hours. 1 However, in patients with end-stage renal disease, the half-life is prolonged to approximately 23 hours. 3 Hemodialysis removes about 25% of tocainide from the body, decreasing the half-life to about 5 hours. 3 Nonrenal elimination of tocainide in end-stage renal disease appears unaffected. 3 The effect of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) on the elimination of tocainide is unknown. This study examined selected tocainide pharmacokinetic variables in patients undergoing routine CAPD.
A transfer analysis of the repetition effect in the lexical and ambiguity decision tasks.

Two experiments were performed in an attempt to evaluate explanations of repetition priming—the facilitation observed when the same word is processed a second time in the same task. One task employed was lexical decision (word/nonword) and the other was ambiguity decision (ambiguous/ unambiguous). In the first experiment, transfer on a lexical decision task was measured following either a lexical decision or an ambiguity decision. When the identical lists were processed in the first phase for lexical and ambiguity decision, equal repetition effects were obtained on lexical decision. However, when the ambiguity task was presented without nonwords, no repetition priming occurred. In a second experiment, the within-task repetition effect was large for the ambiguity decision, whereas no transfer was obtained from lexical decision to ambiguity decision. The results were interpreted as being consistent with a transfer-appropriate processing account of repetition priming.
Promoting Continuous Quality Improvement in Online Teaching: The META Model.

Experienced e-learning faculty members share strategies for implementing a comprehensive faculty development program essential to continuous improvement of instructional skills. The high-impact META Model (centered around Mentoring, Engagement, Technology, and Assessment) promotes information sharing and content creation, and fosters collaboration among a large geographically dispersed postsecondary faculty teaching one hundred percent online. Among its goals are to increase student satisfaction, promote instructional quality and continuous improvement, and motivate faculty. Model components include customized individual mentoring, an emphasis on continuous professional engagement and development, the integration of technologies to reinforce ongoing communication and interaction, and ongoing assessment measures using self, peer, and student evaluations to guide the development of exemplary practices.
A comparison of three pH control methods for revealing effects of undissociated butyric acid on specific butanol production rate in batch fermentation of Clostridium acetobutylicum.

pH control has been essential for butanol production with Clostridium acetobutylicum. However, it is not very clear at what pH level the acid crash will occur, at what pH level butanol production will be dominant, and at what pH level butyric acid production will be prevailing. Furthermore, contradictory results have been reported about required acidic conditions for initiation of solventogenesis. In this study, with the aim of further understanding the role of undissociated butyric acid in butanol production, we investigated the correlation between undissociated butyric acid concentration and specific butanol production rate in batch fermentation of Clostridium acetobutylicum by comparing three pH control approaches: NaOH neutralization (at 12, 24 or 36 h), CaCO3 supplementation (2, 5, or 8 g/l) and NaOAc buffering (pH 4.6, 5.0 or 5.6). By neutralizing the fermentation pH to ~5.0 at different time, we observed that neutralization should take place at the beginning of exponential phase (12 h), and otherwise resulting in lower concentrations of undissociated butyric acid, cell biomass and final butanol. CaCO3 supplementation extended cell growth to 36 h and resulted in higher butyrate yield under 8 g/L of CaCO3. In the NaOAc buffering, the highest specific butanol rate (0.58 h−1) was associated with the highest undissociated butyric acid (1.92 g/L). The linear correlation of the undissociated butyric acid with the specific butanol production rates suggested the undissociated butyric acid could be the major driving force for butanol production.
Early childhood educators' knowledge, beliefs, education, experiences, and children's language- and literacy-learning opportunities: What is the connection?

Abstract In this study, we investigated how multiple types of knowledge and beliefs, along with holding an early childhood-related degree and teaching experience, were linked to amounts of early childhood educators' language and literacy instruction. Quantile regression was used to estimate associations between these variables along a continuum of language and literacy instruction for 222 early childhood educators. In general, low levels of language- and literacy-related instruction were observed; however, the use of quantile regression afforded unique insight into the associations of knowledge, beliefs, education, and teaching experience with instruction when levels of instruction were sufficient. These findings would not have been visible with traditional, linear regression models. Specifically, two types of knowledge were examined: disciplinary-related content knowledge about the structure of language and knowledge for use in teaching language and literacy to young children. Only educators' disciplinary content knowledge was associated with amount of instruction. Associations between beliefs about language and literacy instruction and amount of instruction were less consistent. Generally, holding an early childhood related degree was positively associated with language and literacy instruction whereas teaching experience was negatively associated with the amount of instruction. Implications for studying educators and understanding the associations among educator characteristics and instruction are discussed.
Optimal trajectory control for parallel single phase H-bridge inverters

We describe a novel inverter control method that solves an optimization problem during each switching interval to closely follow a virtual impedance control law. We report droop behavior over a wide range of applied loads and power sharing among multiple inverters.
Food Justice, Direct Action, and the Human Rights Enterprise

Scholars developing a concept they call the ‘human rights enterprise’ suggest a theory of human rights guaranteed, in some cases, by social movements from below and often against the wishes of the state. This article draws on data from an ethnography conducted in a small Food Not Bombs collective to critically assess the radical potential and pitfalls of the claims made by scholars promoting the human rights enterprise and the social movement organizations using the language of ‘rights’ to frame their direct action-oriented praxis.
Conception of Infectious Diseases in Ancient Classics with Annotation

The author has explored and studied the medical contents in ancient classics with annotation and in modern literature in order to summarize the conception of infectious diseases in ancient funeral customs in time-space factors, individual factors, origin of infectious diseases, route of transmission and pathogenesis.
Finite Element Simulation of Welding Temperature Field of Heat-resistant Steel

Temperature field of welded joint of heat-resistant steel was simulated by ABAQUS code.The change of material property depending on temperature was considered in computation.The element birth technique was adopted to simulate multi-pass weld.The results indicate that the method can accurately simulate temperature field of welded joint of heat-resistant steel.Aimed at type IV failure taking place in HAZ of Cr-Mo heat-resistant steel,the temperature field of HAZ is discussed and the experimental datas are used to verify the simulating results of HAZ.
Value-Centric, Model-Driven Business Transformation

Business transformation is a key executive management initiative that attempts to align the technology initiatives of a company closely with its business strategy and vision. Business transformation projects are often hampered by situations known as "business-IT gaps", which lead to failures in demonstrating the business values of IT functions and capabilities. To address this problem, we propose an innovative model-driven approach to value-centric business analysis and transformation. This new approach maps IT functions and capabilities to business performance, and facilitates the demonstration of the delivered value of IT and services. Also, the approach integrates value models with business models of processes and components to leverage the value model at different levels and phases of business transformation.
Independent Associations of Educational Attainment and Ethnicity with Behavioral Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease

The authors examined the independent associations of educational attainment and ethnicity with behavioral risk factors for cardiovascular disease using data from the 1989 baseline survey for the New York State Healthy Heart Program. This telephone survey used the Centers for Disease Control Behavioral Risk Factor Survey interview instrument and was conducted in eight communities (total population, approximately 1.24 million people) in New York State. The response rate was 65.5% (n = 4,179); 3,606 subjects aged 20-64 years with self-described ethnicity of white (n = 1,935), black (n = 1,035), or Hispanic (n = 636) and of known educational status were retained in the analysis. After adjustment for age, sex, and ethnicity, significant associations were found between educational attainment and smoking, lack of regular exercise, overweight, diet atherogenicity, and knowledge about blood pressure and cholesterol. After adjustment for age, sex, and educational attainment, associations were found between ethnicity and most of these same variables. Blacks and Hispanics generally had less favorable risk factor profiles. These data indicate that the differences in cardiovascular disease risk profiles between whites and blacks or Hispanics cannot be fully explained by underlying differences in educational attainment. The differing patterns of risk factor distribution by educational attainment within ethnic groups have implications for the segmentation of risk reduction programs.
Cardiac Arrest and Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Case of Medical Heuristics

Insufficient clinical data from patients is a major cause of errors in medical diagnostics. In an attempt to make a diagnosis, initial clinical information provided to the physician may be overly relied on as the only information required in making diagnosis leading to anchoring. Failure to rely on differential diagnoses in spite of new signs and symptoms or rethinking of initial hypothesis may lead to fixation on a certain diagnosis, which may lead to significant morbidity and mortality. In the event that there is an anchoring heuristic, like in our patient, it is important to consider differential diagnoses; however, it is not wrong to rely on some form of anchor. We report a case of a 62-year-old male with a history of multiple medical conditions and a history of acetaminophen overdose who presented to the hospital with large amounts of coffee ground emesis. He was subsequently transferred to the liver transplant center on discovery that he was in fulminant hepatic failure and died two days later in spite of aggressive medical treatment.
Subtalar Extra-articular Arthrodesis for Correction of Paralytic Valgus Deformity of the Foot: Evaluation Of Forty-four Procedures With Particular Reference To Associated Tendon Transference

1. The subtalar extra-articular arthrodesis is a well devised, mechanically sound, and reasonably simple procedure, affording good results in the operative management of paralytic valgus deformities in feet of young children. 2. When equinus deformity is present in addition to valgus deformity, lengthening of the Achilles tendon is recommended to allow the foot to assume the plantigrade position and possibly to avert recurrent valgus deformity. 3. When active peroneal muscles are contributing to the deformity it is not necessary to remove them in order to achieve good results after the Grice procedure. 4. When there is an associated weakness in plantar flexion or in dorsiflexion, transference of one of the peroneal tendons to the mid-line may provide added strength in anterior-posterior ankle motion. 5. If a peroneal tendon is transferred, we recommend that it not be inserted past the mid-line, as it may contribute to eventual overcorrection and varus deformity. If both peroneal tendons are transferred, we recommend sectioning of the posterior tibial tendon regardless of its clinical strength.
Liver protects metastatic prostate cancer from induced death by activating E-cadherin signaling

Liver is one of the most common sites of cancer metastasis. Once disseminated, the prognosis is poor as these tumors often display generalized chemoresistance, particularly for carcinomas that derive not from the aerodigestive tract. When these cancers seed the liver, the aggressive cells usually undergo a mesenchymal to epithelial reverting transition that both aids colonization and renders the tumor cells chemoresistant. In vitro studies demonstrate that hepatocytes drive this phenotypic shift. However, the in vivo evidence and the molecular signals that protect these cells from induced death are yet to be defined. Herein, we report that membrane surface E-cadherin-expressing prostate cancer cells were resistant to cell death by chemotherapeutic drugs but E-cadherin null cells or those expressing E-cadherin only in the cytoplasm were sensitive to death signals and chemotherapies both in vitro and in vivo. While cell-cell E-cadherin ligandation reduced mitogenesis, this chemoprotection was proliferation-independent as killing of both 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine-positive (or Ki67+) and 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine-negative (Ki67-) cells was inversely related to membrane-bound E-cadherin. Inhibiting the canonical survival kinases extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases, protein kinase B, and Janus kinase, which are activated by chemotherapeutics in epithelial cell-transitioned prostate cancer, abrogated the chemoresistance both in cell culture and in animal models of metastatic cancer. For disseminated tumors, protein kinase B disruption in itself had no effect on tumor survival but was synergistic with chemotherapy, leading to increased killing. Conclusion: Liver microenvironment-driven phenotypic switching of carcinoma cells and subsequent survival signaling results in activation of canonical survival pathways that protect the disseminated prostate cancer liver micrometastases in a proliferation-independent manner, and these pathways can be targeted as an adjuvant treatment to improve the efficacy of traditional chemotherapeutics (Hepatology 2016;64:1725-1742)
Anti-KRAS siRNA nanoparticles for targeted colorectal cancer therapy.

636Background: Standard treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is systemic chemotherapy with anti-EGFR treatment, depending on KRAS mutational status. However, tumors harboring a KRAS mutation do not respond to existing targeted therapy. Moreover, targeting mutant KRAS has, to date, not been possible. Herein, we explore using a KRAS inhibitory nanoparticle (NP), to directly knock down mutant KRAS. Methods: Utilizing fluorescent-labeled small interfering RNA (siRNA) NPs, uptake was assessed via fluorescent microscopy. KRAS mutant CT26 and wild-type MC38 CRC cell lines were incubated with either scramble (Sc) sequence siRNA NP, KRAS siRNA NP, or FOLFOX (fluorouracil + oxaliplatin) chemotherapy ± KRAS siRNA NP. Cell viability was assessed via a luminescent viability assay. KRAS and cleaved caspase 3 protein expression were assessed using western blotting. Results: Fluorescent NP uptake was demonstrated in CT26 cells as early as 260 minutes post treatment, with increased uptake through 780 minutes....
Economic Effects of the U.S. Food Safety Modernization Act

The Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) substantially expands the authority of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to regulate fresh produce marketed in the United States. This article uses an equilibrium-displacement framework incorporating stochastic food-borne illness outbreaks to simulate long-run market effects of FSMA using the North American fresh-tomato industry as a case study. We demonstrate how, under FSMA, certain categories of suppliers will gain advantage over others. Growers and suppliers within the United States, and their buyers, are likely to gain relative to foreign producers and importers because FSMA imposes specific requirements for importers. Among fully regulated growers, large growers will benefit relative to small growers. Many producers have already adopted food-safety standards that closely resemble the FSMA rules, and the cost of implementing the FSMA requirements for these producers will be much lower than for other producers.
Quantitative and qualitative platelet disorders

Platelet disorders are common during childhood. Those conditions that are clinically significant are generally diagnosed with ease. Qualitative platelet disorders rarely cause clinical problems. The armamentarium of diagnostic tests, although limited, is usually satisfactory to allow for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of those children with platelet disorders who are at risk of hemorrhage.
Alkane guest packing drives switching between multimeric deep-cavity cavitand assembly states

Alkane guest transfer into aqueous dimeric, tetrameric, hexameric, and octameric assemblies of the deep-cavity cavitand TEMOA is examined using molecular simulations. The experimental transitions between aggregation states strongly correlate with calculated alkane transfer free energy minima, demonstrating the guiding role of guest packing on stabilizing multimeric complexes. The predictive simulation approach described affords a salient rationale as to why octameric assemblies have yet to be experimentally observed.
Evaluating the "cushion effect" among children in frontal motor vehicle crashes.

Abstract Background The "Cushion Effect," the phenomenon in which obesity protects against abdominal injury in adults in motor vehicle accidents, has not been evaluated among pediatric patients. This work evaluates the association between subcutaneous fat cross-sectional area, quantified using analytic morphomic techniques and abdominal injury. Methods This retrospective study includes 119 patients aged 1 to 18years involved in frontal impact motor vehicle accidents (2003–2015) with computed tomography scans. Subcutaneous fat cross-sectional area was measured and converted to age- and gender-adjusted percentiles from population-based normative data. Multivariable analysis determined the risk of the primary outcome, Maximum Abbreviated Injury Scale (MAIS) 2+ abdominal injury, after adjusting for age, weight, seatbelt status, and impact rating. Results MAIS 2+ abdominal injuries occurred in 20 (16.8%) of the patients. Subcutaneous fat area percentile was not significantly associated with MAIS 2+ abdominal injury on multivariable logistic regression (adjusted Odds Ratio, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.72–1.03; p=0.10). Discussion The "cushion effect" was not apparent among pediatric frontal motor vehicle crash victims in this study. Future work is needed to investigate other analytic morphomic measures. By understanding how body composition relates to injury patterns, there is a unique opportunity to improve vehicle safety design. Level of Evidence Prognosis Study, Level III.
H-SLAM: Rao-Blackwellized Particle Filter SLAM Using Hilbert Maps

Occupancy Grid maps provide a probabilistic representation of space which is important for a variety of robotic applications like path planning and autonomous manipulation. In this paper, a SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) framework capable of obtaining this representation online is presented. The H-SLAM (Hilbert Maps SLAM) is based on Hilbert Map representation and uses a Particle Filter to represent the robot state. Hilbert Maps offer a continuous probabilistic representation with a small memory footprint. We present a series of experimental results carried both in simulation and with real AUVs (Autonomous Underwater Vehicles). These results demonstrate that our approach is able to represent the environment more consistently while capable of running online.
Osteoarthritis and Other Musculoskeletal Diseases

Arthritis and other musculoskeletal diseases affect up to half of adults in the US and are the most common reason for activity limitation. Women are more strongly affected than men in terms of prevalence, symptoms, and activity limitations. Osteoarthritis is the most prevalent form of arthritis, commonly affecting the knees, hands, feet, hips, and spine. Older age and overweight are two of the strongest risk factors for osteoarthritis, particularly of the knee. There is no cure for osteoarthritis, and treatment is directed at reducing symptoms. Common therapies include pain medication, physical therapy/activity, weight management, joint injections and joint replacement surgery.
Characterization of sub-watershed-scale stream chemistry regimes in an Appalachian mixed-land-use watershed

An exploratory study was conducted in an urbanizing, mixed-land-use Appalachian watershed. Six study sites, characterized by contrasting land use/land cover, were instrumented to continuously monitor stream stage. Weekly grab samples were collected from each site and analyzed for elemental composition via spectrometric and spectrophotometric methods. Additional physico-chemical parameters were measured in situ. Data were analyzed using a suite of statistical methods, including hypothesis testing, correlation analysis, and principal components analysis (PCA). Significant differences (p < 0.05) between study sites were identified for every measured parameter except Co, Cu, Pb, and Ti concentrations. However, different parameters showed significant differences (p < 0.05) between site pairings. PCA results highlight consistent spatial differences between elemental composition and physico-chemical characteristics of streamwater samples. Results from correlation analyses indicated varying significant (p < 0.05) relationships between chemical parameters and hydroclimate metrics, with certain elements (e.g., Ca and Sr) and physico-chemical parameters (e.g., specific conductance) displaying greater sensitivity to hydroclimate at mixed-land-use sites, as compared to predominately urban, agricultural, or forest sites. Given the geological, topographical, and climatological similarities between the sites, and their close proximity, it was concluded that land use characteristics and associated hydrologic regime contrasts were the primary factors contributing to the observed results. Results comprise valuable information for land and water managers seeking to mitigate the impacts of land use practices on water resources and aquatic ecosystem health. The applied methodology can be used to more effectively target sub-watershed-scale remediation/restoration efforts within mixed-use watersheds, thereby improving the ultimate efficacy of management practices.
A cell-free DNA metagenomic sequencing assay that integrates the damage response to infection

ABSTRACT High-throughput metagenomic sequencing offers an unbiased approach to identify pathogens in clinical samples. Conventional metagenomic sequencing however does not integrate information about the host, which is often critical to distinguish infection from infectious disease, and to assess the severity of disease. Here, we explore the utility of high-throughput sequencing of cell-free DNA after bisulfite conversion to map the tissue and cell types of origin of host-derived cell-free DNA, and to profile the bacterial and viral metagenome. We applied this assay to 51 urinary cfDNA isolates collected from a cohort of kidney transplant recipients with and without bacterial and viral infection of the urinary tract. We find that the cell and tissue types of origin of urinary cell-free DNA can be derived from its genome-wide profile of methylation marks, and strongly depend on infection status. We find evidence of kidney and bladder tissue damage due to viral and bacterial infection, respectively, and of the recruitment of neutrophils to the urinary tract during infection. Through direct comparison to conventional metagenomic sequencing as well as clinical tests of infection, we find this assay accurately captures the bacterial and viral composition of the sample. The assay presented here is straightforward to implement, offers a systems view into bacterial and viral infections of the urinary tract, and can find future use as a tool for the differential diagnosis of infections.
Design Considerations for Micro-Glassblown Atomic Vapor Cells

This paper presents a design process for miniaturized atomic vapor cells using the micro-glassblowing process. It discusses multiple design considerations, including cell geometry, optical properties, materials, and surface coating. The geometry and the optical properties were studied using experimentally verified analytical and Finite Element Models (FEM). The cell construction material and surface coating were the focus of our experimental study on factors that affect the relaxation time (T2) of nuclear spins. We showed that the wafer-level coating process with Al2O3 increased the 131Xe T2 by $3\times $ and by switching from Borosilicate glass (Pyrex) to Aluminosilicate glass (ASG), T2 was improved by $2.5\times $ , for the same species. The improvement in the T2 is projected to reduce the ARW of an NMR gyro and the sensitivity of an NMR magnetometer by $3\times $ with Al2O3 coated cells and by $2.5\times $ with ASG cells. [2019-0158]
Tip-Enhanced Multipolar Raman Scattering.

We record nanoscale chemical images of thiobenzonitrile (TBN)-functionalized plasmonic gold nanocubes via tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS). The spatially averaged optical response is dominate...
The Role of Anesthesiology Assistants in the Anesthesiology Patient Care Team

The profession of Anesthesiology Assistant has emerged in the past several decades as a vital component member to the anesthesiology care team model of care. Anesthesiology Assistants work collaboratively with physician anesthesiologists to provide the very highest in patient care in the myriad of clinical care arenas that the specialty is asked to be involved in, particularly as anesthesiology services expand outside of the traditional OR setting.
Implementation of a pediatric provider-to-provider store-and-forward teledermatology system: Effectiveness, feasibility, and acceptability in a pilot study.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Long wait times for in-person appointments in pediatric dermatology can lead to delays in specialty care, additional health system touchpoints, patient and family dissatisfaction, poorer outcomes, and increased overall health care costs. Store-and-forward teledermatology may address these challenges and improve access to care in pediatric dermatology. METHODS We describe a prospective, non-blinded cohort study with follow-up surveys conducted from March 1, 2018, to September 20, 2018. The study was conducted at a single center, in primary care and specialist settings. Patients included were <18 years old and received care at one of our affiliated primary care sites. Primary care providers submitted teledermatology consultations through a shared electronic medical record. A board-certified pediatric dermatologist evaluated each consultation; primary care providers conveyed recommendations to families. RESULTS Forty-three consultations for patients (23 male, 20 female; median age: 7 years [IQR: 2.4-12]) were entered by primary care providers. Median time from consult request to dermatologist initiating consult was 12.1 hours [IQR: 1.9-18.8]; median time to complete consult note was 7 minutes [IQR: 5-10.5]. Median time from primary care provider initially consulting to conveying teledermatology recommendations to families was 3 days [IQR: 1-5]. All but one consult (42/43, 98%) were completed in the intended workflow. Follow-up in-person visits with pediatric dermatologists occurred with 10/43 (23%) patients. In follow-up surveys, parents were 83% likely to recommend the service to family and friends. All primary care providers and dermatologists felt the service improved quality of care. CONCLUSIONS Provider-to-provider teledermatology consultation appears to be a feasible and acceptable method of providing care quickly and effectively to pediatric patients.
Interpretation of topography and bed properties beneath Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica using seismic reflection methods

Abstract Thwaites Glacier (TG), West Antarctica, is losing mass in response to oceanic forcing. Future evolution could lead to deglaciation of the marine basins of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, depending on ongoing and future climate forcings, but also on basal topography/bathymetry, basal properties, and physical processes operating within the grounding zone. Hence, it is important to know the distribution of bed types of TG's interior and grounding zone, and to incorporate them accurately in models in order to improve estimates of retreat rates and stability. Here we estimate properties of the bed by determining its acoustic impedance from amplitude analysis of reflection seismic data. We report on the results from two lines – a longitudinal (L-Line) and a transverse (N-Line) – on a central flowline of TG ∼100 km inland from the grounding zone. The data show considerable spatial variability in bed forms and properties, similar to results from a comparable survey farther inland. Notably, we find the same pattern here of hard (presumed bedrock) material on the stoss side of bumps and soft (presumed till) on the lee side. Physical understanding indicates the basal flow law describing motion over different regions of TG's bed likely varies from nearly-viscous over the bedrock regions to nearly-plastic over till regions, providing guidance for modeling.
Optimizing the electronic health record: An inpatient sprint addresses provider burnout and improves electronic health record satisfaction

Objective We sought reduce electronic health record (EHR) burden on inpatient clinicians with a 2-week EHR optimization sprint. Materials and methods A team led by physician informaticists worked with 19 advanced practice providers (APPs) in 1 specialty unit. Over 2 weeks, the team delivered 21 EHR changes, and provided 39 one-on-one training sessions to APPs, with an average of 2.8 hours per provider. We measured Net Promoter Score, thriving metrics, and time spent in the EHR based on user log data. Results Of the 19 APPs, 18 completed 2 or more sessions. The EHR Net Promoter Score increased from 6 to 60 postsprint (1.0; 95% confidence interval, 0.3-1.8; P = .01). The NPS for the Sprint itself was 93, a very high rating. The 3-axis emotional thriving, emotional recovery, and emotional exhaustion metrics did not show a significant change. By user log data, time spent in the EHR did not show a significant decrease; however, 40% of the APPs responded that they spent less time in the EHR. Conclusions This inpatient sprint improved satisfaction with the EHR.
Unsettling Human Rights History in Social Work Education: Seeing Intersectionality

Social workers must locate their work within the history of our profession, while also recognizing how and why particular accounts are constructed, legitimized, and disseminated. The historical context of human rights work is especially significant. This narrative has been shaped by selective attention, which advances some perspectives and erases others. Intersectionality encourages scrutiny of missing elements, calling one to explore what else was happening concurrent with the mainstream account and whose perspectives are absent from the story. This paper illustrates the value of an intersectional frame by examining three erasures from human rights history in social work: the Combahee River Collective, the Black settlement house movement, and the Compton’s Cafeteria Disturbance. The paper closes with implications for social work education in four areas: deconstructing contemporary social work narratives, investigating historical and cultural locations of our knowledge base, theoretically contextualizing intersectional contributions, and respecting intellectual contributions beyond refereed journals and other traditional formats. Intersectionality theory engages marginalized aspects of human rights history in educating professional social workers; however, it must avoid cooptation to maintain its vibrant critique.
Intimate Partner Violence During SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Pandemic

Times in which natural disasters and crisis restrict movement of individuals are critical moments of increase in intimate partner violence. Well-described contributing factors in the literature are social isolation, stress, substance abuse, economic anxiety, and lack of accessible public resources. COVID-19 provides healthcare providers with an intense model of how pandemics create an unfortunate perfect storm for the perpetuation of intimate partner violence and how we must be prepared to respond in the future.
Hybrid phononic/photonic crystal mirrors for optomechanics

We demonstrate a hybrid phononic/photonic crystal mirror for optomechanics. A localized mechanical mode is created by a defect in a phononic crystal, which in turn supports a photonic crystal designed for high reflectivity.
Surgical outcomes of hysterectomy for endometriosis: Benefits of a minimally invasive approach:

Introduction:We aimed to evaluate surgical outcomes of hysterectomy for endometriosis performed by general obstetricians and gynecologists (OB/GYNs) based on surgical approach.Methods:Using the 201...
Interactions Between Brassicae napus and Pseudomonas putida (Strain ATCC12633) and Characterization of Volatile Organic Compounds Produced by the Bacterium

Brassica napus L. is a main oilseed crop cultivated around the world. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are generally applied to a wide range of agricultural crops for the growth enhancement. In this study, an I-plate technique was used to investigate the plant growth-promoting activity of Pseudomonas putida (strain ATCC12633) on B. napus plants. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by P. putida were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis. Furthermore, P. putida were evaluated for its efficacy to induce resistance-related enzymes like peroxidase (POD), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), catalase (CAT), and other biochemical compounds such as proline (Pro) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in B. napus plants. According to the results, P. putida significantly increased the growth of B. napus compared to control. The major VOCs released by P. putida were 2-Butynedioic acid, dimethyl ester, Dimethyl ester of 4,7-dimethylnaphthalene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, N-[3-Methylaminopropyl]aziridine, Cyclododecane, and Hexadecanoic acid. B. napus seeds treatment with P. putida caused enhanced activities of POD, PAL, CAT, Pro, and H2O2 compared to control. So, the results of the present study showed that inoculation of B. napus with P. putida could serve as a useful tool for promoting the plant growth and inducing systemic resistance.
Break it then build again: An arts based duoethnographic pilot reconstructing music therapy and dance/movement therapy histories

Abstract This arts-based duoethnographic project explores the phenomenon of a collaborative arts-based experience between a Dance/Movement Therapist and a Music Therapist. From a simultaneously personal and collaborative framework (duo ethnography), the researchers will explore the question of, “What emerges when a BC-DMT & MT-BC utilize their respective modalities in active creative collaboration to deconstruct the histories they have been taught?” Utilizing a critical lens rooted in healing justice and influenced by decolonial theory, the researchers name and begin to deconstruct the complicated histories of both clinical fields, attempting to embody and amplify the healing practices of movement and music that came long before the “founders” of dance/movement or music therapy as clinical fields. The researchers then engaged in an active arts-based collaboration, including individual reflective writing and collaborative dialogic reflection on insights gleaned from the literature gathering and integrative arts-based process. The researchers each speak from their own positionality. Possible implications of this project could be to encourage arts therapists to think critically about how they cross utilize artforms, and ways to more ethically and effectively engage with their own communities in culturally sustaining and co-creative ways.
Acute Postoperative Pain: Incidence, Severity, and the Etiology of Inadequate Treatment

Summary Fifteen years ago it was demonstrated that physicians underprescribed analgesic medications for hospitalized patients. In the intervening years, despite advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of acute pain, the neural pathways that transmit nociception, and development of new analgesic medications and techniques, the fact remains that many patients suffer from unrelieved acute pain. Motivation is not sufficient to ameliorate this problem. Recognition of the barriers that stand in the way of effective acute pain control are needed. Barriers include physician, nurse, and other caregiver deficits in knowledge and skills, counterproductive attitudes, and health care systemic factors. But recognition of barriers is not enough either. Solutions need to be found so that in 5 or 10 years when studies such as those mentioned are repeated, it is not the finding that patients are underprescribed, undermedicated, and unrelieved of their acute pain.
The Roles of Risk Perceptions and Social Trust in Willingness to Pay for Wildlife Reintroduction

Economic valuation can aid decision-makers in justifying the costs of conservation programs like wildlife reintroductions. Factors like stakeholder trust and confidence in conservation professional...
Automated detection and quantification of transverse cracks on woven composites

Various loading conditions—cyclic, quasi-static, and dynamic—can induce transverse matrix cracks in cross-ply and woven composite structures. Identification and quantification of this damage on a c...
Early Enteral Feeding in Preterm Infants: A Narrative Review of the Nutritional, Metabolic, and Developmental Benefits

Enteral feeding is the preferred method of nutrient provision for preterm infants. Though parenteral nutrition remains an alternative to provide critical nutrition after preterm delivery, the literature suggests that enteral feeding still confers significant nutritional and non-nutritional benefits. Therefore, the purpose of this narrative review is to summarize health and clinical benefits of early enteral feeding within the first month of life in preterm infants. Likewise, this review also proposes methods to improve enteral delivery in clinical care, including a proposal for decision-making of initiation and advancement of enteral feeding. An extensive literature review assessed enteral studies in preterm infants with subsequent outcomes. The findings support the early initiation and advancement of enteral feeding impact preterm infant health by enhancing micronutrient delivery, promoting intestinal development and maturation, stimulating microbiome development, reducing inflammation, and enhancing brain growth and neurodevelopment. Clinicians must consider these short- and long-term implications when caring for preterm infants.
Quantitative 2D thermometry in turbulent sooting non-premixed flamesusing filtered Rayleigh scattering

This paper demonstrates the application of a thermometry method in turbulent sooting non-premixed flames using filtered Rayleigh scattering (FRS). Fuel tailoring is used to establish a specific C2H2-based fuel mixture such that temperature can be determined accurately by a single FRS measurement over the entirety of mixture fraction space, or equivalently, for all relevant thermo-chemical states. Evaluation is performed in a hierarchy of flows to establish measurement precision and accuracy. Initial assessments in a series of heated fuel mixtures; non-sooting, near-adiabatic flat flames; and laminar non-premixed sooting flames show accuracy of the approach over a full range of expected temperatures and high single-shot measurement precision (e.g., 65<SNR<80) for temperatures between 1900 and 2200 K. Subsequently, 2D temperature measurements are evaluated in a turbulent non-premixed sooting flame. For the current fuel mixture, the local mixture-averaged Rayleigh scattering cross section is nearly constant over all composition space, and thus traditional laser Rayleigh scattering (LRS) is used as a measurement standard in the absence of soot. The results show excellent agreement between the proposed FRS thermometry approach and LRS in non-sooting regions. In the presence of soot, the proposed FRS-based approach shows no signs of interference. In addition, 2D temperature imaging shows high SNR (60–74) over all temperature conditions. Thus, we believe the proposed methodology successfully provides a high-resolution 2D temperature method under turbulent sooting flame conditions.
Supporting pub/sub over NDN sync

Distributed dataset synchronization, or Sync, plays the role of a transport layer protocol in Named Data Networking (NDN). The role of Sync is to synchronize the namespace of all data productions by multiple entities running the same application. NDN application developers desire a high level API, such as the commonly used pub/sub API that hides transport and network layer details. This poster explores the design of such an API built on top of State Vector Sync (SVS), one of the NDN Sync protocols, along with a low-latency data fetching option. With this API, SVS provides fast and resilient dataset synchronization, enabling developers to work with a familiar pub/sub API while benefiting from NDN's capabilities of built-in data security, multicast data delivery, in-network caching, and consumer driven flow control.
Field Testing of a Decision Support Tool for Acute Appendicitis using an Online Randomized Experimental Design

BackgroundMounting evidence from randomized controlled trials have shown that antibiotics can be a safe and effective treatment for appendicitis. Patients and surgeons must work together to choose the optimal treatment approach for each patient based on their own preferences and values. We developed a novel decision support tool (DST) to facilitate shared decision making for appendicitis. The effect of this DST on decisional outcomes remains unknown. MethodsWe conducted an online randomized field test in at-risk individuals comparing the DST to a standard infographic as a control. Individuals were randomized 3:1 to the DST (intervention) or infographic (control). The primary outcome was the total decisional conflict scale (DCS) score measured before and after exposure to the DST. Secondary outcomes included between-group DCS scores, and between group comparisons of the acceptability of DST or infographic. Results180 individuals were included in the study after quality control checks. Total DCS scores decreased significantly after viewing the DST (59.0 to 14.6, p<0.001) representing movement from a state of high to low decisional conflict. Individuals exposed to the DST reported higher acceptability ratings (3.7 vs. 3.3, p<0.001) and had more individuals who would completely agreed that they would be willing to try antibiotics (45% vs. 21%, p=0.008). ConclusionsThe novel appendicitis DST significantly decreased decisional conflict in this online randomized field test. Users rated the tool as highly acceptable and expressed increased willingness to consider antibiotics as a treatment approach after viewing it. Study FundingThis work was supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [grant number T32DK070555]; and a generous gift from Marty and Linda Ellison. The development of aspects of the decision support tool was funded by the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute. The funding sources had no role in the study design, collection, analysis, or interpretation of data, in the writing of the manuscript or in the decision to submit for publication.
Micropower mixed-signal acoustic localizer

A micropower VLSI system-on-chip is presented for 3-D localization of a broadband acoustic source. The direction of the source is estimated by relating spatial and temporal differentials of acoustic signals acquired over a planar geometry of four microphones. Two stages of mixed-signal least-squares adaptation perform common-mode rejection for increased sensitivity in the analog differentials, and directly produce digital estimates of the direction cosines. The 3 mm /spl times/ 3 mm chip in 0.5 /spl mu/m CMOS technology quantizes signal delays with 2 /spl mu/s resolution at 2 kHz sampling rate and at 32 /spl mu/W power dissipation.