cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Human Rights and Mental Health in the United States: Lessons from Latin America

During the past 10 years a small but growing number of mental health researchers and practitioners have developed collaborative relationships with Latin American colleagues working in the area of human rights and mental health. Illustrative programs include public opinion surveys to give voice to the victims of government and military repression in El Salvador, and creative workshops for children of the disappeared in Argentina. It has been especially troubling for those in the United States to discover repeatedly that U.S. foreign policy has often played a direct or indirect role in creating the conditions necessitating these kinds of interventions. This article briefly summarizes selected human rights and mental health activities in which U.S. psychologists are engaged. Psychological insights and examples of specific political and professional practice that have emerged from collaboration with Latin American psychologists are described. A partial list of groups and organizations that belong to a growing human rights and mental health network in the U.S. is also included to provide readers with opportunities to become involved in this work.
Mariculture siting: a GIS description of intertidal areas

Variations in habitat parameters greatly affect the physiological state and the growth of bivalves. To achieve success in shellfish mariculture, environmental parameters favorable to the cultured species must be determined and then characteristics of potential grow-out sites evaluated. An intertidal bay in Eastern Maine was described in a GIS (geographical information system), which incorporated infrared aerial photographs and maps of bottom types, topography and bathymetry. Data layers included elevations from both nautical charts and GPS measurements made in the bay. From the elevation data, a series of programs was developed to generate a triangulated irregular network and a grid of elevations. A numerical flow model used the elevation grid to simulate a time series of tidal current vectors and free surface elevations. Gridded data from the numerical model were imported into the GIS and displayed as false color images of elevations, maximum current velocities and tidally averaged current velocities. Current vectors were layered over aerial photos showing sediment transport in the water. The GIS can be queried to identify sites for mariculture. A sample query identified sites for shellfish grow-out.
Laser-induced incandescence: excitation and detection conditions, material transformations and calibration

Successful implementation of laser-induced incandescence (LII) relies upon judicious choice of excitation and detection conditions. Excitation conditions encompass choice of excitation wavelength and laser fluence. Detection conditions include choice of detection wavelength, spectral band pass about the central wavelength, detection delay and duration relative to the excitation laser pulse usually corresponding to the peak of the signal intensity. Examples of applying these parameters to LII are illustrated by way of examples: soot/polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and metal aerosol systems. Tradeoffs must be recognized. Laser-induced chemical and structural changes of the aerosol must be considered, particularly in light of heterogeneous aerosols. Diagnostics of such changes are outlined as they will affect interpretation of the LII signal. Finally, calibration (for LII) must be chosen to be appropriate for aerosols from practical sources as they may be mixed organic and inorganic composition.
Activation of the Epithelial Sodium Channel (ENaC) by the Alkaline Protease from Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that significantly contributes to the mortality of patients with cystic fibrosis. Chronic infection by Pseudomonas induces sustained immune and inflammatory responses and damage to the airway. The ability of Pseudomonas to resist host defenses is aided, in part, by secreted proteases, which act as virulence factors in multiple modes of infection. Recent studies suggest that misregulation of protease activity in the cystic fibrosis lung may alter fluid secretion and pathogen clearance by proteolytic activation of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). To evaluate the possibility that proteolytic activation of ENaC may contribute to the virulence of Pseudomonas, primary human bronchial epithelial cells were exposed to P. aeruginosa and ENaC function was assessed by short circuit current measurements. Apical treatment with a strain known to express high levels of alkaline protease (AP) resulted in an increase in basal ENaC current and a loss of trypsin-inducible ENaC current, consistent with sustained activation of ENaC. To further characterize this AP-induced ENaC activation, AP was purified, and its folding, activity, and ability to activate ENaC were assessed. AP folding was efficient under pH and calcium conditions thought to exist in the airway surface liquid of normal and cystic fibrosis (CF) lungs. Short circuit measurements of ENaC in polarized monolayers indicated that AP activated ENaC in immortalized cell lines as well as post-transplant, primary human bronchial epithelial cells from both CF and non-CF patients. This activation was mapped to the γ-subunit of ENaC. Based on these data, patho-mechanisms associated with AP in the CF lung are proposed wherein secretion of AP leads to decreased airway surface liquid volume and a corresponding decrease in mucocilliary clearance of pulmonary pathogens.
Zampanolide and dactylolide: cytotoxic tubulin-assembly agents and promising anticancer leads

Covering: through January 2014 Zampanolide is a marine natural macrolide and a recent addition to the family of microtubule-stabilizing cytotoxic agents. Zampanolide exhibits unique effects on tubulin assembly and is more potent than paclitaxel against several multi-drug resistant cancer cell lines. A high-resolution crystal structure of αβ-tubulin in complex with zampanolide explains how taxane-site microtubule-stabilizing agents promote microtubule assemble and stability. This review provides an overview of current developments of zampanolide and its related but less potent analogue dactylolide, covering their natural sources and isolation, structure and conformation, cytotoxic potential, structure–activity studies, mechanism of action, and syntheses.
Possible Root Causes of Surface Westerly Biases over the Equatorial Atlantic in Global Climate Models

AbstractMost global climate models (GCMs) suffer from biases of a reversed zonal gradient in sea surface temperature (SST) and weak surface easterlies (the westerly bias) in the equatorial Atlantic during boreal spring. These biases exist in atmospheric GCMs (AGCMs) and are amplified by air–sea interactions in atmospheric–oceanic GCMs. This problem has persisted despite considerable model improvements in other aspects. This study proposes a hypothesis that there are two possible root causes for the westerly bias. The first is insufficient lower-tropospheric diabatic heating over Amazonia. The second is erroneously weak zonal momentum flux (entrainment) across the top of the boundary layer. This hypothesis is based on a scale analysis of a simple model for a well-mixed equatorial boundary layer and diagnoses of simulations from eight AGCMs. Severe westerly biases in AGCMs tend to occur when the diabatic heating at low levels (850–700 hPa) over Amazonia is too weak. Deficient low-level diabatic heating weak...
A note on the aperture of electrically scanned arrays

Since the size of current radar antennas must be increased in order to detect aircraft and missiles flying at supersonic speeds, it is no longer possible to use rapid mechanical scanning. Therefore this type of scanning is being gradually replaced by electrical scanning. The popular approximation which states that the effective aperture length is proportional to cos \theta_{0} , where \theta_{0} is the scan angle from broadside, is examined and shown to be adequate in many cases where the end-fire effect is negligible. An exact effective aperture based on half-power beamwidth is derived and compared with the approximate solution for various aperture lengths as a function of scan angle.
SLC ARC transport system-AG-magnet measurement and performance

This paper describes the design, construction, and operation of devices used to rapidly measure the mechanical and magnetic properties of some 950 Alternate gradient magnets1 used in the arc system of the Stanford Linear Collider. The problems of dealing with the measurement of the transverse dimensions to within minute (0.0001 in) resolution of objects that are 8 ft long are discussed. Early results from the production runs of these magnets are presented.
Endotoxin potentiates ozone-induced pulmonary chemokine and inflammatory responses.

Urban air consists of a combination of environmental pollutants. Recent studies have suggested that normally innocuous doses of a particular pollutant may be rendered more toxic to the lung if primed by earlier events. Pulmonary inflammation has been observed in humans and in many animal species after endotoxin and ozone exposures. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that inhalation of low levels of endotoxin following ozone exposure will potentiate ozone-induced lung injury. We exposed 8-week-old C57BL/6J mice to 1 ppm ozone for 24 hours; inhalation of low-dose endotoxin (37.5 EU) for 10 minutes; or 1 ppm ozone immediately followed by endotoxin inhalation (37.5 EU). The mice were examined 4 or 24 hours post exposure. After 24 hours of recovery, significant increases were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid levels of protein and lavageable polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) after coexposure to ozone followed immediately by endotoxin inhalation as compared to exposures indivi...
Lattice Reduction for MIMO Detection: From Theoretical Analysis to Hardware Realization

The advent of multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) techniques has resulted in the generation of new design problems, especially in the baseband processing task of symbol detection. Lattice reduction (LR)-aided detection techniques have emerged as a low-complexity method to achieve the same diversity as the maximum likelihood detector. In this article we explore efficient hardware realization of the complex Lenstra, Lenstra, Lovasz (CLLL) LR algorithm. We accomplish this task by first developing an understanding of the complex relationship between algorithm and hardware considerations. After proposing hardware-motivated algorithm modifications, we apply this understanding to the design of a 4 × 4 CLLL processor for MIMO detection. Hardware realization results on a Xilinx XC4VLX80-12 FPGA demonstrate that the CLLL processor has a throughput of over 3.5 M channel matrices per second, outperforming previously disclosed hardware realizations. In addition, the algorithm modifications and design procedures that we propose are easily applied to larger MIMO system sizes.
Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and progression of percent emphysema: The MESA Lung Study

Summary Background Endothelial intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM) 1 binds neutrophils and facilitates their transmigration into the lung; E-selectin facilitates leukocyte rolling. As neutrophils contribute to tissue destruction in emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, we hypothesized that soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) and E-selectin (sE-selectin) would be associated with longitudinal progression of emphysema and lung function decline. Methods The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) enrolled participants 45–84 years old without clinical cardiovascular disease in 2000–02. The MESA Lung Study assessed percent emphysema ( Results Among 1865 MESA Lung participants with measurement of sICAM-1 and percent emphysema the mean log-sICAM-1 was 5.5 ± 0.3 ng/mL and percent emphysema increased 0.73 percentage points (95% CI: 0.34, 1.12; P P = 0.007). No significant association was found for sE-selectin, or between any adhesion molecule and lung function. Conclusions Higher levels of sICAM-1 were independently associated with progression of percent emphysema in a general population sample.
Getting on Target with Community Health Advisors (GOTCHA): An Innovative Stroke Prevention Project

STORY L, MAYFIELD-JOHNSON S, DOWNEY LH, ANDERSON-LEWIS C, YOUNG R and DAY P. Nursing Inquiry 2010; 17: 373–384 Getting on Target with Community Health Advisors (GOTCHA): an innovative stroke prevention project Health disparities along with insufficient numbers of healthcare providers and resources have created a need for effective and efficient grassroots approaches to improve community health. Community-based participatory research (CBPR), more specifically the utilization of community health advisors (CHAs), is one such strategy. The Getting on Target with Community Health Advisors (GOTCHA) project convened an interdisciplinary team to answer the call from 10 counties in the rural Mississippi Delta area of ‘The Stroke Belt’ to meet the region’s identified health needs, and to impact the health of a disparaged state. This article explores this CBPR project including the community involvement strategies, innovative CHA training curriculum, evaluation plan, and implications to healthcare professionals, particularly nurses.
Physiologic effects of three microbial polysaccharides on rats.

Abstract Catharsis and reduced rates of growth were the only detectable effects produced in rats ingesting diets containing 15% phosphomannan Y-2448 or polysaccharide B-1459 during a 91-day period. A third microbial polysaccharide, dextran B-512F did not produce the same effects. Digestibility and caloric availability assays indicate that dextran was highly digestible and utilized as a source of energy for growth, whereas polysaccharide B-1459 was nondigestible, being completely accounted for in the feces. Phosphomannan Y-2448 was partially utilized. Data on gum guar, pectin, gum arabic, and agar are included for comparative purposes. Acute toxicity tests of phosphomannan and polysaccharide B-1459 and skin irritation and sensitization tests were negative.
Specificity of social support for back pain patients : Do patients care who provides what?

This study examined low back pain patients’ (N=50) perceptions of what they considered to be helpful and unhelpful social support from various sources over the previous six months. Among types of social support, tangible support was most likely to be rated as helpful, whereas emotional support was the type of support most likely to be rated as unhelpful. Patients reported only rare instances of dissatisfaction with tangible support across various providers. Among support sources, instances of tangible support from physicians, and emotional support from friends, family, and spouses were recalled as most helpful. Physical therapists were named as providing the greatest amount of all three types of social support and were rated as rarely providing unhelpful social support. These findings suggest that the desirability of different types of social support varies as a function of the source of support and indicate that physical therapists are perceived by back pain patients as particularly helpful in their provision of social support.
Trapped p-wave superfluids: A local-density approach

The local-density approximation is used to study the ground state superfluid properties of harmonically trapped $p$-wave Fermi gases as a function of fermion-fermion attraction strength. While the density distribution is bimodal on the weakly attracting BCS side, it becomes unimodal with increasing attraction and saturates towards the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) side. This nonmonotonic evolution is related to the topological gapless-to-gapped phase transition, and may be observed via radio-frequency spectroscopy since quasiparticle transfer current requires a finite threshold only on the BEC side.
The Intrinsic Appeal of Evil: Sadism, Sensational Thrills, and Threatened Egotism

Three main sources of intrinsic appeal and satisfaction from performing violent acts are described. First, sadism involves deriving pleasure directly from the suffering of the victim. An opponent-process model is suggested. Second, the quest for thrilling sensations to escape from boredom can produce violent acts, including many in which the harmful consequences were not intended. Third, threatened egotism entails that one's favorable view of self (orpub1ic image) has been attacked, and violent responses are directed toward the source of this attack. Relevant individual differences (respectively, low guilt, high sensation seeking, and narcissism) moderate these patterns. Analyzing the intrinsic appeal of evil acts is a useful complement to analyzing situational determinants of violence.
Ultrasound-Guided Cervical Zygapophyseal (Facet) Intra-Articular Injection

Cervical facet joints are diarthrodial joints formed by the superior articular process of one cervical vertebra articulating with the inferior articular process of the vertebrae above at the level of the junction of the lamina and the pedicle. The angulation of the facet joint increases caudally, being about 45 degrees superior to the transverse plane at the upper cervical level to assuming a more vertical position at the upper thoracic level. The superior articular process also faces in a more posteromedial direction at the upper cervical level, and this changes to a more posterolateral position at the lower cervical level, with C6 being the most common transition level [1, 2].
Differences in Family Planning Services by Rural-urban Geography: Survey of Title X-Supported Clinics In Great Plains and Midwestern States.

CONTEXT: Understanding the nature of rural-urban variation in U.S. family planning services would help address disparities in unmet contraceptive need. METHODS: In 2012 some 558 Title X-supported clinics in 16 Great Plains and Midwestern states were surveyed. Rural-urban commuting area (RUCA) codes were used to categorize clinic locations as urban large rural city small rural town or isolated small rural town. Bivariate analyses examined key domains of service provision by RUCA category and clinic type. RESULTS: The proportion of clinics offering walk-in appointments was lower in isolated small rural towns (47%) than in the other RUCA categories (67-73%). Results were similar for sites that do not specialize in family planning or reproductive health but no variation was seen among specialty clinics. Overall availability of evening or weekend appointments varied in a linear fashion falling from 73% in urban areas to 29% in isolated small rural towns. On-site provision of most hormonal methods was most common in urban areas and least common in isolated small rural towns while provision of nonhormonal methods was similar across RUCA categories. Sixty percent of clinics provided IUDs or implants. For clinics that did not the only barriers that varied geographically were low IUD demand and lack of trained IUD providers; these barriers were most common in isolated rural towns (42% and 70% respectively). CONCLUSIONS: While important characteristics such as clinics specialization (or lack thereof) are linked to the provision of family planning services geographic disparities exist.
Using Deduplicating Storage for Efficient Disk Image Deployment

Many clouds and network testbeds use disk images to initialize local storage on their compute devices. Large facilities must manage thousands or more images, requiring significant amounts of storage. At the same time, to provide a good user experience, they must be able to deploy those images quickly. Driven by our experience in operating the Emulab site at the University of Utah—a long-lived and heavily-used testbed—we have created a new service for efficiently storing and deploying disk images. This service exploits the redundant data found in similar images, using deduplication to greatly reduce the amount of physical storage required. In addition to space savings, our system is also designed for highly efficient image deployment—it integrates with an existing highly-optimized disk image deployment system, Frisbee, without significantly increasing the time required to distribute and install images. In this paper, we explain the design of our system and discuss the trade-offs we made to strike a balance between efficient storage and fast disk image deployment. We also propose a new chunking algorithm, called AFC, which enables fixed-size chunking for deduplicating allocated disk sectors. Experimental results show that our system reduces storage requirements by up to 3 while imposing only a negligible runtime overhead on the end-to-end disk-deployment process.
Adaptive Engine Control in the Presence of Output Limits

Prior experience and studies have shown the safety benefit of faster engine response in aircraft emergencies. In such situations the propulsion system may become an important part of the flight control. Current engine control responds slowly to commands, relative to current flight effectors and is therefore not ideal in emergency situations. Additionally, many limits exist for engines. While relaxation of certain limits has been shown to increase response, care must be taken to ensure satisfactory performance. This paper focuses on the role L1 adaptive control laws can play in off-nominal operation of aircraft engines, to achieve faster response while maintaining critical limits.
Viral clearance using traditional, well-understood unit operations (session I): virus-retentive filtration.

Virus-retentive filtration is routinely incorporated into downstream purification processes as a dedicated virus removal unit operation to provide robust and reliable virus clearance capacity. In recent years, use of viral filters designed for parvovirus removal (one of the smallest mammalian
Clinical Studies with the Thyreotropic Pituitary Hormone

SummaryA review of the published reports of the clinical application of the thyreotropic pituitary hormone is given. Our experience with 24 patients is outlined. In normal patients there is great individual variation in reactiveness to the material, as indicated by the basal metabolic rate. This is also true in castrate women. Some patients with low metabolic rates respond, whereas others do not. Patients with goiters respond with similar individual variation. In one, a diminution of the goiter was observed. Acute temporary exacerbation of hyperthyroidism has been produced in 2 patients; this has been prevented by iodine in others; in one patient with hyperthyroidism refractoriness to the medication seemed present before treatment, and treatment was followed by a fall in metabolic rate.
Effect of tryptophan on nuclear envelope nucleoside triphosphatase activity in rat liver.

SummaryThe activity of nuclear envelope nucleoside triphosphatase, an enzyme implicated to be involved in nucleocytoplasmic translocation of mRNA, was investigated in the livers of rats that received a single tube-feeding of tryptophan. Tryptophan administered to fasted rats or to rats pretreated with puromycin or actinomycin D caused significant increases in the activity of Mg2+-dependent nucleoside triphosphatase in the hepatic nuclear envelopes over that in controls. Concomitant with this rapid (10 min) increase in the enzyme activity, there was more release of RNA from isolated nuclei of livers of tryptophan-treated rats than from those of control rats.
A citreoviridin-producing fungus, NRRL 13013, from pecan fragments is not Penicillium charlesii

(1984). A Citreoviridin-Producing Fungus, NRRL 13013, from Pecan Fragments is Not Penicillium Charlesii. Mycologia: Vol. 76, No. 5, pp. 943-944.
Disagreeableness as a Cause and Consequence of Ostracism

Ostracism's negative consequences have been widely documented, but research has yet to explore the personality characteristics of its targets that precipitate ostracism. Based on theories of the functions of ostracism, we found that people are more willing to ostracize disagreeable targets than more agreeable targets (Studies 2 and 3). This outcome was mediated by participants' interpersonal trust toward the target, and was especially strong for people who highly endorse fairness as a foundation for morality (Study 4). Ironically, the experience of ostracism induced a state of disagreeableness: the very characteristic that elicits ostracism from others (Study 5). This relationship was mediated by feelings of anger (Study 6). Findings indicate disagreeableness is a particularly negative outcome of ostracism, because it leads to further ostracism.
Olfactory Discrimination by Honeybees of Terpenes Identified from Volatiles of Alfalfa Flowers

SummaryHoneybees conditioned to respond to the scent of flowers of alfalfa clone 2490 and of sainfoin responded positively to the scents of ocimene, myrcene and limonene, but not to linalool; bees conditioned to the scent of flowers of alfalfa clone 2B did not respond significantly to the scent of any of these substances, however.Bees conditioned to the scent of ocimene, myrcene, or limonene responded positively to the flower scents of 6 of the 8 alfalfa (Medicago sativa) clones tested. Bees conditioned with linalool responded negatively to alfalfa flower scents. The first three of these terpenes appeared to be indistinguishable to the bees, but linalool was distinguished from the other three. The authors conclude that certain clones will be reproductively isolated by the assortive pollination of honeybees responding to differences in flower scents.
Effect of Composition and Thermal–Mechanical History on the Creep Behavior of Sn–Ag–Cu Solders—Part I: Experiments

The microstructure of Sn–Ag-based solders undergoes continuous evolution during service due to isothermal and strain-enhanced aging. The precipitate particle size and interparticle spacing increase during service, resulting in the evolution of mechanical properties. In the accompanying paper (Part I), the effects of thermal–mechanical history on the microstructure and creep behavior of Sn–3Ag–0.5Cu and Sn–1Ag–0.5Cu were studied experimentally. The creep response of solders under all microstructural conditions follows a power law, with the stress exponent and activation energy being independent of composition and microstructural condition. However, the preexponent depends on the alloy composition and thermal/mechanical history, and is related to the precipitate size (or spacing) within the eutectic. The solder creep rate increased linearly with increasing particle size for the solder with higher alloy content (e.g., Sn–3Ag–0.5Cu) but nonlinearly for the solder with lower alloy content (Sn–1Ag–0.5Cu). In this paper, a composite model for creep of solders, explicitly accounting for both the eutectic and proeutectic constituents of the microstructure, is developed to rationalize this experimental observation. The creep rate of the eutectic microconstituent is proportional to the precipitate size. Hence in Sn–3Ag–0.5Cu, where creep is controlled by the continuous network of eutectic in the microstructure, the creep rate is nominally proportional to the precipitate size. In Sn–1Ag–0.5Cu, where the eutectic is discontinuous and a large proportion of proeutectic $\beta$ is present, the creep rate increases at a less-than-linear rate with increasing precipitate size. The analytical composite model is shown to predict the creep behaviors of both solders well.
Verbrennungen im Kindesalter

Brandverletzungen stellen in Deutschland die dritthaufigste Ursache schwerer Unfalle im Kindesalter dar, die meisten davon ereignen sich im 2.–4. Lebensjahr. Durch ein besseres Verstandnis der kindlichen Verbrennungskrankheit sowie eine Optimierung der Intensivmedizin wurde die Mortalitat schwerbrandverletzter Kinder deutlich reduziert. Die Primarversorgung beinhaltet die Rettung aus dem Gefahrenbereich und folgt im Weiteren notarztlichen Therapieempfehlungen. Das Ausmas der VKOF (verbrannte Korperoberflache) wird mit der Neuner-Regel nach Wallace oder der Handflachenregel abgeschatzt, genauere Werte ergibt die Methode nach Lund u. Browder. Die exakteste Abschatzung liefern moderne EDV-gestutzte Programme. Die Indikationen zur Einweisung in eine Spezialeinheit bzw. ein Zentrum fur Brandverletzte ergeben sich aus dem Alter der Kinder, der Schwere und Lokalisation der Verbrennung, dem Vorhandensein eines Inhalationstraumas und dem Unfallmechanismus. Abgesehen von der Flussigkeitssubstitution kann — in Abhangigkeit von der Verbrennungstiefe — eine chirurgische Behandlung indiziert sein. Dies ist bei Verbrennungen hoherer Grade als 2a der Fall. Die Therapie schwerer kindlicher Verbrennungen erfordert ein interdisziplinares Team aus speziell fur die Verbrennungsbehandlung ausgebildeten Plastischen Chirurgen bzw. Kinderchirurgen, Anasthesisten, Psychiatern bzw. Psychologen, geschultem Pflegepersonal, Krankengymnasten, Ergotherapeuten und Sozialarbeitern.
Condensed phase diagrams for the metal–W–S systems and their relevance for contacts to WS2

Abstract Motivated by interest in contacts to the layered semiconductor WS 2 , this study investigates condensed phase equilibria in M–W–S systems (M = transition or post-transition metal) and relates the findings to earlier work on M–Mo–W systems. Thermodynamic data were collected or estimated for the binary phases bearing M, W, and/or S; and a literature search for existing ternary phases was performed. Condensed phase M–W–S isothermal phase diagrams were calculated where sufficient data was available. These phase diagrams reflected three general forms. The early transition metals and group 13 post-transition metals were mostly reactive with WS 2 , with the resulting diagrams being either metal sulfide dominant or ternary/solid solution dominant. The late transition metals were all WS 2 dominant, where the metal is in equilibrium with WS 2 . These findings are similar to those from our earlier study on the M–Mo–S phase diagrams and can be used to guide studies on contacts to WS 2 .
Narrative Theory and Textual Interpretation: Hofmannsthal’s “Sommerreise” as Test Case

The article demonstrates how models and insights developed within structural-semiotic narrative theory can be applied in the historical interpretation of literary texts. The analysis, which is intended here as an example, attends to the relationship between immanent poetics, conception of art and historical consciousness in a text by Hofmannsthal.
Comparison of Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia The M.D Anderson Cancer Center Experience.

Abstract Introduction: Small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are viewed as similar entities by the World Health Organization. Patients with SLL are usually treated on protocols for indolent lymphomas, although the biology of SLL differs from that of follicular lymphomas. The purpose of this study was to assess differences, if any, in presenting characteristics, cytogenetics, treatment outcomes, and factors predicting survival between patients with CLL and those with absolute lymphocyte counts Methods: An electronic database search of patients with CLL/SLL who presented at The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Department of Leukemia between 1985 and 2005 was performed. Results: Among 2,051 patients with untreated CLL/SLL, 199 patients had SLL and 1852 patients had CLL. Patients with SLL were referred for node enlargement (33%), coincidental abnormal white blood cell counts (27%), fatigue (11%), B-symptoms (10%), bruising/low platelets (8%), surgical specimens (8%), and other reasons (8%). In univariate analysis, patients with SLL had higher hemoglobin levels (p Conclusions: The presentation, cytogenetic abnormalities, and clinical outcome of SLL are similar but not identical to those of CLL. Our results suggest that SLL and CLL can be treated similarly. Regimens that include rituximab and a nucleoside analog, such as FCR or R-FND, are highly effective. Further characterization of SLL by genetic analysis is needed. Common response criteria should be standardized for both CLL and SLL, including the disappearance of radiologic and hematologic evidence of disease.
Further Studies on a Growth Medium for Lactobacillus sanfrancisco

The medium developed for the original isolation studies on Lactobacillus sanfrancisco has been further refined to provide a basis for development of media for commercial preparation of cell concentrates. Addition of salts, purines, pyrimidines, and optimization of casein hydrolysate and Tween 801 levels resulted in markedly improved growth but did not eliminate the need for freshly prepared yeast extractives (FYE). Commercial yeast, liver, corn steep, and protein hydrolysate preparations tested were inadequate substitutes for the FYE. High maltose levels appear to stabilize viable counts over longer incubation periods. Some differences between strains in growth requirements were observed. Strains L and T were the least fastidious nutritionally, appeared indifferent to oxygen, and had a minimal requirement for Tween 80, but a primary requirement for purines-pyrimidines. Strains B and C were inhibited by oxygen and had a primary requirement for trace element supplementation and Tween 80. Strain L which show...
TBCRC-010: Phase I/II study of dasatinib in combination with zoledronic acid (ZA) for the treatment of breast cancer bone metastasis (MBC-bone).

11080 Background: Osteoclast activation and subsequent bone resorption release growth factors that promote tumor growth. These events are blocked by the Src/PDGF inhibitor dasatinib. The tyrosine k...
Robotics in general thoracic surgery procedures

The use of robotic technology in general thoracic surgical practice continues to expand across various institutions and at this point many major common thoracic surgical procedures have been successfully performed by general thoracic surgeons using the robotic technology. These procedures include lung resections, excision of mediastinal masses, esophagectomy and reconstruction for malignant and benign esophageal pathologies. The success of robotic technology can be attributed to highly magnified 3-D visualization, dexterity afforded by 7 degrees of freedom that allow difficult dissections in narrow fields and the ease of reproducibility once the initial set up and instruments become familiar to the surgeon. As the application of robotic technology trickle downs from major academic centers to community hospitals, it becomes imperative that its role, limitations, learning curve and financial impact are understood by the novice robotic surgeon. In this article, we share our experience as it relates to the setup, common pitfalls and long term results for more commonly performed robotic assisted lung and thymic resections using the 4 arm da Vinci Xi robotic platform (Intuitive Surgical, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA) to help guide those who are interested in adopting this technology.
Case 15-2017 - A 27-Year-Old Woman with Anemia, Thrombocytosis, and Skin Lesions after Travel Abroad.

A 27-year-old woman presented with skin lesions that had developed after international travel. Biopsy of a skin lesion revealed granulomatous dermatitis. Fatigue, weakness, and pulselessness developed in the left arm. A diagnosis was made.
Low-frequency noise in quasi-1D TaSe 3 van der Waals nanowires

We review results of our studies of the low-frequency electronic noise in quasi-1D TaSe 3 nanowires of. The semi-metallic TaSe 3 is a quasi-1D van der Waals material with an exceptionally high breakdown current density. Our noise studies showed that TaSe 3 nanowires have lower levels of the normalized noise spectral density, S I /I2, compared to carbon nanotubes and graphene. The temperature-dependent measurements revealed that the low-frequency 1/f noise becomes the 1/f2-type as temperature increases to ∼400 K, suggesting the onset of electromigration. Using the Dutta-Horn random fluctuation model of the electronic noise, we determined that the noise activation energy for quasi-1D TaSe 3 nanowires is approximately E P ≈1.0 eV. From the empirical noise model for interconnects, the extracted activation energy, related to electromigration, is E A =0.88 eV, consistent with that for Cu and Al interconnects. Our results suggest that TaSe 3 nanowires and similar systems have potential for ultimately downscaled local interconnect applications.
Molecular structure, biology, and genetics of prions.

Publisher Summary One of the most fascinating and perplexing areas of current biomedical research concerns the structure and biology of the unusual infectious particles causing scrapie in animals and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in humans. Over the last few years considerable progress has been made in unraveling some of the mysteries surrounding these novel infectious pathogens designated prions. Kuru, CJD, and Gerstmann-Straussler syndrome (GSS) are all transmissible neurodegenerative diseases of humans. The transmissibility of these three diseases to experimental animals has greatly facilitated studies concerning their etiology and pathogenesis. Like CJD, kuru and GSS also appear to be caused by prions. Three transmissible neurodegenerative diseases of animals are apparently caused by prions: scrapie of sheep and goats, transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME), and chronic wasting disease (CWD) of mule deer and elk.
Application of a PCM-rich concrete overlay to control thermal induced curling stresses in concrete pavements

Abstract This study aims to evaluate the application of a Phase Change Material (PCM) rich concrete overlay to reduce curling stresses in concrete pavements. Curling stresses are the results of temperature gradient in pavements, and are comparable to the stresses that are induced by traffic loads. The weather conditions, which have a cyclic nature, are the source of curling stresses, and they cause cyclic tensile and compressive stresses in pavements. This phenomenon causes fatigue damage in concrete pavements and reduces their service life. The PCMs have a high latent heat of fusion and can increase the thermal inertia of concrete. When PCM is used in a concrete overlay, it tends to moderate the temperature gradient in the slab, and thus mitigate the curling stresses. The efficiency of the proposed PCM-rich overlay was evaluated under the real climatic conditions of three different cities in the US. The findings of this research demonstrated that the cumulative fatigue Damage Index (DI) resulted from repetitive curling stresses can be up to 22% in a concrete slab with the service life of 35 years. However, using a 7.6 cm bonded concrete overlay with 25 vol% PCM can moderate the curling stresses so much that the effect of curling induced fatigue damage would be virtually negligible.
Validation of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire: comparison with a 1-year diet record.

Abstract The validity of a self-administered semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was evaluated for a group of 27 men and women aged 20 to 54. Intakes of 18 nutrients computed from the questionnaire were compared with those derived from 1-year diet records completed approximately 18 months earlier. The questionnaire estimates of mean nutrient intake were within 10% of the mean diet record measurements for 11 of the 18 nutrients evaluated, and the difference was less than 25% for all but one nutrient (total vitamin A). Correlation coefficients comparing unadjusted nutrient intakes measured by the two methods ranged from 0.38 (vitamin C) to more than 0.65 (total calories, total fat, saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, oleic acid, and cholesterol). The overall mean of correlation coefficients comparing intakes of the 18 nutrients measured by questionnaire and by diet record was 0.60. Coefficients for macronutrients decreased somewhat after adjustment for age and gender or caloric intake. The data provide further evidence that a simple and relatively inexpensive questionnaire can provide useful information on dietary intake over an extended period.
Information-Based Validity Functionals for Mixture Analysis

Model identification is an essential but often neglected component of sound statistical inference. In mixture analysis, data are assumed to be sampled from a distribution with density $$ {f_{\theta }}(x) = \sum\limits_{{i = 1}}^k {{\pi_i}f\left( {x,\;{\theta_i}} \right),} $$ , where f(x, θ i ) is a member of a parametric family of densities. In this context, model identification can be thought of as obtaining estimates for the unknown parameters in the model. In the most general situation, the unknown parameters are k, the number of components in the model, π 1,…, π k, the mixing proportions, and θ 1 ,…, θ k , the parameters of the individual components. Estimating k, the number of components, is the most problematic aspect of the estimation problem. If k is known, then the other parameters can be estimated in a variety of ways, in particular, by maximum likelihood estimation. The typical approach to estimating k is to obtain estimates for the other parameters for a reasonable range of k’s and choose from among those models using a validity functional.
Enhancement of superconductivity by frustrating the charge order

Author(s): Li, ZX; Cohen, ML; Lee, DH | Abstract: We study strong electron-phonon interacting systems where the geometry of the crystalline lattice frustrates the formation of charge order. Our results show that under such condition, high-Tc superconductivity can occur in a wide range of electron-phonon coupling strengths. This result is obtained by studying the Holstein model on triangular lattice using sign-problem-free quantum Monte Carlo method.
FLAIL LEAFLET OF BICUSPID AORTIC VALVE DIAGNOSED ON TEE: AN UNUSUAL CAUSE OF SEVERE AORTIC INSUFFICIENCY

Flail aortic valve leaflet (FAVL) in a bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is a rare clinical entity and its diagnosis on echocardiography (TTE) is difficult. Case of severe aortic regurgitation (SAR) due to flail leaflet of BAV diagnosed on TEE requiring aortic valve replacement (AVR). 48 year old man
Recipe for Developing High-School Research Projects Illustrated by a Student’s Interpretation of Historical Metal Casting

Incorporating research activities at the secondary-school level is an effective method to teach science; however, students and teachers may feel intimidated when trying to identify a suitable research topic. Ideas may be obtained from short articles in periodicals or newspapers to allow students to design their own experiments and interpret data. To illustrate how high-school research projects can be developed from such sources and accomplished with simple techniques and tools, a student-directed project inspired by historical metal-casting methods is described. References to key steps in the process of scientific inquiry are included to demonstrate how simple ideas can yield research questions.
Energy dissipation of shock-generated stress waves through phase transformation and plastic deformation in NiTi alloys

Abstract The interaction between propagation of shock-induced stress waves and phase transformation in Nickel–Titanium (NiTi) shape memory alloys is studied experimentally and computationally. Molecular dynamics simulations at the atomistic scale are utilized to investigate how the local phase transformations dissipate the energy of shock waves as they travel in the material. It is shown that plastic deformations also happen at the vicinity of the regions at which the loading is applied. While plastic deformations also contribute in the energy dissipation, our results show that the energy dissipation is prominently induced by the reversible phase transformation. These results affirm that shape memory alloys are superior candidates for dissipating the energy of shock loads, with minimal permanent deflections remaining on the structure after the load is applied. Experiments are also performed in which precise and controlled shock loads (generated by the pressure of the liquid jet produced by the collapsing of a spark-generated bubble) are applied to two bars made of NiTi and Aluminum. Our results show that both the measured strain and lateral displacements are drastically damped in NiTi bars, which confirms the dissipation of stress shock ways due to phase transformation in these alloys.
Antipsychotics: Motor Side Effects

Antipsychotics can cause a wide range of motor side effects. This chapter reviews the clinical manifestations of the acute extrapyramidal syndromes (acute dystonic reaction, akathisia, Parkinsonism) and their treatments. Tardive dyskinesia (TD) as an important and irreversible movement disorder from chronic antipsychotic use is discussed, with emphasis on prevention and longitudinal assessment. Two new medications, valbenazine and deutetrabenazine, from the class of VMAT-2 inhibitors represent more effective and better-tolerated treatments for TD. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) as a rare but potentially lethal complication of antipsychotics completes this chapter.
Nostalgia and precarious placemaking in southern poultry worlds: Immigration, race, and community building in rural Northern Alabama

Abstract In popular discourse, Alabama is often taken as a metonym for Trump's America: emblematic of the misogynist, racist and xenophobic politics of the populist groundswell. I interrogate this characterization by examining politics and community building in Albertville, Alabama a rural city (in a county where 82.8% voted for Donald Trump) dominated by the influence of the poultry industry and, in a related turn, dramatically reconstituted by a doubling of Latinx immigration (now 29.8% of the population) over the past 15 years. In Albertville, the poultry industry forms the apex of systemic precarity, where workers face low wages with hazardous work conditions and owners compete in a market with notoriously small margins for profit: 28.7% of the town lives below the federal poverty line. Despite widespread poverty, Latinx migrants are positively recognized by the white community for their economic contributions from working the majority of poultry jobs and providing strong secondary effects to the local economy. Instead of anxieties about the economy and job displacement, I argue that white Albertville residents were primarily politically motivated by racialized nostalgic notions of nation and community. I track this nostalgia ethnographically in community organizations aiming to recapture town heritage by promoting the aesthetic erasure of the Latinx presence in town despite everyday resistance of Latinx community members. This leads me to reframe authoritarian populism in terms of its nostalgic affective politics and imagine how this might give rise to new forms of resistance.
New Perspectives on (Anti)Social Media

What do we make of the recent spate of criticism of the major social media monopolies like Google, Facebook, WhatsApp, Instagram, Twitter, TikTok, and the like? Or, to put the matter differently, what is their overall social impact on our information society? Are these platforms legitimately improving the social mobility and inclusiveness of society, or are such claims proffered as thin veneers to conceal abusive monopolies that masquerade as servants of the public interest? These are important questions that are insufficiently addressed by the public and politicians, and they are only slightly better addressed by mainstream media. The reasons for this are manifold: the enormous lobbying power of social media companies, interconnected interests of these companies and commercial media, technical barriers to journalists' understanding of the underlying platforms, unwillingness on the part of politicians to openly challenge the business models of powerful tech companies, and, most importantly, the lack of sufficient political support for protecting the privacy of U.S. citizens.
Additively Manufactured Wind-Tunnel Balance

One specialized application of a force transducer is a wind-tunnel force balance: a device used to measure the forces and moments exerted on a wind-tunnel model when subject to wind flow. In this s...
Evaluation of simulated hail damage on seed yield and agronomic traits in canola (Brassica napus L.)

Natural hail can cause significant damage on seed yield and yield contributing traits of canola (Brassica napus L.). Hail damage can be assessed by (i) type of damage such as stand reduction, stem ...