cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effects of Pheidole megacephala (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on Survival and Dispersal of Dysmicoccus neobrevipes (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae)

We performed 2 laboratory experiments to determine if the bigheaded ant, Pheidole megacephala (F.), increases the size of populations of the gray pineapple mealybug, Dysmicoccus neobrevipes Beardsley, in the absence of natural enemies and adverse weather; if ants move mealybugs from one pineapple fruit to another under controlled conditions; and if mealybugs die of excess honeydew in the absence of ants that consume honeydew. In the 1st experiment, mealybugs were placed on preflowering pineapple plants with and without ants for 3 mo. In the 2nd experiment, mealybugs were placed on pineapple fruits with and without ants for 3 mo. In this experiment, ants had the opportunity to move mealybugs from one pineapple to another. In both experiments, mealybug populations tended by ants were not significantly larger than populations without ants. There was no evidence that ants transported mealybugs from one fruit to another. Nor was there evidence that the accumulation of honeydew resulted in increased D. neohrevipes mortality. The results of these experiments suggest that in the absence of natural enemies or inclement weather, P. megacephala do not cause an increase in mealybug population size, that ants do not move D. neohrevipes from pineapple to pineapple, and that the removal of honeydew by P. megacephala does not benefit D. neobrevipes .
A Framework for Community Mobilization to Promote Healthy Youth Development

In community mobilization to prevent youth violence, local people take action to create conditions under which youth are healthy and safe. This manuscript outlines a framework for supporting and evaluating community mobilization to promote healthy youth development as an approach to preventing youth violence. The framework highlights 12 key community processes to facilitate change and improvement. A descriptive case study of the Ivanhoe Neighborhood Council Youth Project (INCYP) is used to illustrate the application of this framework in an inner-city, predominantly African-American neighborhood in Kansas City, Missouri. Data are presented on community change (i.e., new or modified programs, policies, and practices) facilitated by the INCYP between 2001 and 2003, as an intermediate measure used to assess the mobilization effort. The INCYP facilitated 26 community changes during the project period, and was an effective catalyst for mobilizing the community to support change in outcomes and conditions that support healthy youth development. This case study suggests the importance of early and ongoing engagement of youth as change agents in the community mobilization effort.
Cultural Factors and the International Space Station

The American and Russian/Soviet space programs independently uncovered psychosocial risks inherent in long-duration space missions. Now that these two countries are working together on the International Space Station (ISS), American-Russian cultural differences pose an additional set of risk factors. These may echo cultural differences that have been observed in the general population of the two countries and in space analogue settings, but little is known about how relevant these are to the select population of space program personnel. The evidence for the existence of mission-relevant cultural differences is reviewed and includes cultural values, emotional expressivity, personal space norms, and personality characteristics. The review is focused primarily on Russia and the United States, but also includes other ISS partner countries. Cultural differences among space program personnel may have a wide range of effects. Moreover, culture-related strains may increase the probability of distress and impairment. Such factors could affect the individual and interpersonal functioning of both crewmembers and mission control personnel, whose performance is also critical for mission safety and success. Examples from the anecdotal and empirical literature are given to illustrate these points. The use of existing assessment strategies runs the risk of overlooking important early warning signs of behavioral health difficulties. By paying more attention to cultural differences and how they might be manifested, we are more likely to detect problems early while they are still mild and resolvable.
A three-population constrained discrimination procedure

Classification rules with a reserve judgment option provide a way to satisfy constraints on the misclassification probabilities when there is a high degree of overlap among the populations. Constructing rules which maximize the probability of correct classification while satisfying such constraints is a difficult optimization problem. This paper uses a result of Anderson (1969) on the form of the optimal solution to develop a relatively simple and computationally fast method for three populations which has a nonparametric quality in controlling the misclassification probabilities. Simulations demonstrate that this procedure performs well.
The viral diseases of fish: a review through 1978. Part 2: diseases in which a viral etiology is suspected but unproven.

(1980). The Viral Diseases of Fish: A Review Through 1978: Part 2: Diseases in Which a Viral Etiology is Suspected but Unproven. CRC Critical Reviews in Microbiology: Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 1-24.
Septal myectomy in context: Clinical acumen and procedural expertise

Surgical septal myectomy for the relief of symptomatic outflow tract obstruction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) has been of continual interest since its initial introduction nearly 60 years ago. Despite early concerns about overall safety, repeated investigations have shown myectomy to be safe, efficacious, and durable when performed by experienced surgeons in experienced centers. 1,2 There are also data that suggest that myectomy may ‘‘normalize’’ survival. 3 This compelling experience has positioned myectomy to be the preferred treatment for most patients with drug-refractory symptoms attributed to dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. 4 In this issue of the Journal, Desai and colleagues 5 provide an update on the Cleveland Clinic experience with myectomy in 990 patients and compared these patients with 540 other patients HCM who were seen at their center and not offered myectomy. They report better long-term survival in the patients who underwent myectomy than among the patients who did not undergo operation.
Evaluating the Craft, Design and Technology Department

One: Why We Should Review Craft, Design and Technology Departments After a century of fringe importance, the activity which we now call Craft , Design and Technology is coming out of the cold. After twenty years of accelerating development CDT is being rooted into the school system. There is even a possibility of it becoming a core area for study at secondary level . How can practising teachers of CDT help to ensure that this vitally important subject is developed to its full potential? Any system w h ich is directed towards certain end results will need to be continuously reviewed and sometimes modified. If CDT is to become a valued member of the educational club, its teachers will need to develop a clarity of vision, confidence in the importance of what they offer, professional ways of monitor i ng and improving the quality of their practices, and not least, a stronger impulse to articulate the educational value of their wares. Systematic evaluation procedures will be a powerful tool in this exciting endeavour .
Hospital Consultations: Embracing Professionalism Even When It Hurts

The American Medical Association met in Philadelphia in 1847 and revolutionized medicine in the United States by establishing standards for professional education, training, and conduct. The world’s first national code of medical ethics has remained the authoritative guide for practicing physicians since that time. The AMA’s Code of Medical Ethics is an ever evolving entity changing as the practice of medicine and healthcare delivery change [1]. The American Academy of Dermatology has developed The Code of Medical Ethics for Dermatologists in part from the Principles of Medical Ethics and Current Opinions of the Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs of the American Medical Association [2].
We Called Him Rabbi Abraham: Lincoln and American Jewry, A Documentary History

Review of: "We Called Him Rabbi Abraham: Lincoln and American Jewry, A Documentary History," by Gary Phillip Zola
Comparative Studies of Collaborative Team Depression Care Adoption in Safety Net Clinics

Purpose:To evaluate three approaches adopting collaborative depression care model in Los Angeles County safety net clinics with predominantly Latino type 2 diabetes patients.Methods:Pre–post differences in treatment rates and symptom reductions were compared between baseline, 6-month, and 12-month follow-ups for each approach: (a) Multifaceted Depression and Diabetes Program (MDDP) grant–hired social workers dedicated for depression care, (b) Diabetes–Depression Care-Management Adoption Trial (DCAT) supported care (SC) by clinic social workers in diabetes disease management teams, and (c) DCAT-automated care-management technology-facilitated care (TC) model. All social workers were guided by a depression care protocol.Results:All approaches significantly increased treatment rate, the largest improvement being MDDP (40%), followed by TC (30%) and then SC (20%). Similar patterns were found in symptom improvement (≥50% depression score reductions) and self-rated health. TC was the only approach to significan...
Pre-Bloom Oil Sprays for European Red Mite Control

Overwintering eggs of Panonychus ulmi (Koch) became increasingly susceptible to killing by oil sprays as the hatching period approached. Oil sprays applied during the green-tip stage of bud development were of no practical benefit in mite control. No spray applied earlier than the tight-cluster stage resulted in as much as 50% kill of eggs, and that applied in the pink stage was the earliest to approach 90% control. Severe reduction in fruit set was observed on Red Delicious trees when oil applications were made later than the half-inch-green stage.
12 CARDIOVASCULAR MODULATION OF DIETARY SODIUM RESTRICTION AND b2-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR POLYMORPHISM IN HUMANS.

Dietary sodium intake has been shown to influence b 2 -adrenergic receptor (b 2 -AR) responsiveness, and the Gly allele of the Arg16/Gly b 2 -AR polymorphism has been associated with hypertension in a linkage analysis in Rochester, MN. We have also shown that Gly homozygotes (GG) have greater forearm b 2 -AR mediated vasodilation than Arg (AA) after a controlled Na + diet (150 mmol - day -1 ), and the difference is mediated by endothelial NO. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that dietary Na + restriction affects forearm and systemic b 2 -mediated dilation in healthy normotensive humans GG ( n = 17) vs AA ( n = 15). We measured HR, MAP, and CO (acetylene breathing) responses to intravenous infusion of terbutaline (TRB) before and after 5 days of dietary Na + restriction (10 mmol - day -1 ). Also following the diet, a brachial artery catheter was placed to measure forearm blood flow (FBF, plethysmography) responses to isoproterenol (ISO) before and after NO inhibition with L-NMMA. There was a main effect of diet ( p -1 ; p = .003) but not in AA (5.8 ± 1.3 to 5.6 ± 1.0 L - min -1 , NS) and increased peripheral resistance in GG ( p = .02) but not AA. Baseline HR, MAP, and stroke volume were similar between groups, and the responses of all cardiovascular measures to TRB were not influenced by genotype or diet. In contrast to previous findings after a normal Na + diet, the FBF dose response curves to ISO were not different based on genotype ( p = .51). L-NMMA decreased baseline FBF and significantly blunted the response to ISO, but there was no evidence to suggest that the responses were influenced by genotype ( p = .89, genotype-by-ISO-by-L-NMMA interaction). We conclude that dietary Na + restriction negates the increased forearm NO-mediated, b 2 -AR responsiveness in GG subjects, which may explain the diet-evoked baseline increase in peripheral resistance and decrease in CO in this group, providing evidence that Na + intake modulates cardiovascular indices based on the Arg16/Gly b 2 -AR polymorphism. Supported by GCRC RR-00585, NCRR K23-1752, HL 63328.
Meuse: Recommending internet radio stations

In this paper, we describe a novel Internet radio recommendation system called MeUse. We use the Shoutcast API to collect historical data about the artists that are played on a large set of Internet radio stations. This data is used to populate an artist-station index that is similar to the term-document matrix of a traditional text-based information retrieval system. When a user wants to find stations for a given seed artist, we check the index to determine a set of stations that are either currently playing or have recently played that artist. These stations are grouped into three clusters and one representative station is selected from each cluster. This promotes diversity among the stations that are returned to the user. In addition, we provide additional information such as relevant tags (e.g., genres, emotions) and similar artists to give the user more contextual information about the recommended stations. Finally, we describe a web-based user interface that provides an interactive experience that is more like a personalized Internet radio player (e.g., Pandora) and less like a search engine for Internet radio stations (e.g., Shoutcast). A smallscale user study suggests that the majority of users enjoyed using MeUse but that providing additional contextual information may be needed to help with recommendation transparency.
Configurations Maximizing the Number of Pairs of Hamming-Adjacent Lattice Points

The following question is considered: Which sets of k lattice points among the nd points in a d-dimensional cube of length n maximize the number of pairs of points differing in only one coordinate? It is shown that maximal configurations for any (d, n, k) are obtained by choosing the first k points in a lexicographic ordering of the points by coordinates. Some possible generalizations of the problem are discussed.
A single arm, single stage phase II trial of trametinib (GSK1120212) and GSK2141795 in persistent or recurrent cervical cancer.

TPS5618 Background: In the US, invasive cervical cancer (CC) will affect 12,710 women/year with ~4290 deaths; global deaths from CC are ~275,000 women per yr. Though treatment options for recurrent...
Draft Genome Sequence of Exiguobacterium sp. KKBO11, Isolated Downstream of a Wastewater Treatment Plant in Houston, Texas.

ABSTRACT Exiguobacterium sp. KKBO11, isolated near a wastewater treatment plant in Houston, Texas, USA, possesses a large number of genes involved in stress response and transport critical to survival in adverse environmental conditions. An unusually high copy number of RNA genes also possibly contributes to this microorganism9s versatility by promoting nutrient uptake.
National Association of Colored Women (NACW)

Founded in 1896, the year of the Supreme Court's “equal, but separate” decision, NACW was the first national organization of black women. It united middle-class associations in a strong body. NACW pursued activism and service. Its 5,000 members in 1897, representing 14 states and the District of Columbia, espoused moral behavior and race uplift. If their motto “Lifting as We Climb” implicated elitism, they prioritized the race's most vulnerable – the uneducated, poor, and suffering – while pursuing civil rights and social justice. Uplifting was a duty regardless of literacy, gender, or class. NACW local affiliates funded, among other initiatives, kindergartens, literary clubs, orphanages, and homes for elders. Many supported the antilynching, women's suffrage, and “Don't Buy Where You Can't Work” campaigns. Membership totaled 100,000 by 1924 but declined considerably during the Great Depression and after the National Council of Negro women formed in 1935 (www.blackpast.org/aah/national-council-negro-women-1935).
Accurate spear phishing campaign attribution and early detection

There is growing evidence that spear phishing campaigns are increasingly pervasive, sophisticated, and remain the starting points of more advanced attacks. Current campaign identification and attribution process heavily relies on manual efforts and is inefficient in gathering intelligence in a timely manner. It is ideal that we can automatically attribute spear phishing emails to known campaigns and achieve early detection of new campaigns using limited labelled emails as the seeds. In this paper, we introduce four categories of email profiling features that capture various characteristics of spear phishing emails. Building on these features, we implement and evaluate an affinity graph based semi-supervised learning model for campaign attribution and detection. We demonstrate that our system, using only 25 labelled emails, achieves 0.9 F1 score with a 0.01 false positive rate in known campaign attribution, and is able to detect previously unknown spear phishing campaigns, achieving 100% 'darkmoon', over 97% of 'samkams' and 91% of 'bisrala' campaign detection using 246 labelled emails in our experiments.
Cost Effectiveness of Diagnostic Endoscopy in Esophageal Diseases

Complaints referable to the esophagus and swallowing are among the most common voiced to physicians caring for patients with digestive diseases. The clinical features and details of the complaint are critically important, often helping to distinguish among the various diagnostic possibilities and occasionally to prescribe specific therapy. Diagnostic tests such as upper gastrointestinal radiography or endoscopy are often necessary because of the limited value of physical examination and the breadth of diagnostic possibilities including cancer, inflammation, stricture, or infection.
Parietal Lobe Syndromes

A convenient time to pick up the parietal lobe evolution is perhaps with Homo erectus ~1.8 mya after the brain size had doubled to about 880 cc from the average of 450 cc in the Australopithecines. The basic stone knapping techniques used by these early hominins presumably promoted the elaboration of the parietal spatial network and shape recognition by temporal lobe ventral pathways. This was due to learning by observation, prolonged practice, and sequences of actions that were eventually incorporated into procedural memory circuits. Much later in our evolution, Homo heidelbergensis artifact evidence points to improved visuospatial sketchpad components of working memory model, exemplified by the finding of the Schoningen spears dated to ~400 kya. This suggested an overall improvement in both their working memory and technical ability when compared to Homo erectus, also supporting the emergence of symbolic thinking and allocentric perception (points of view not pertaining to one’s own viewpoint). With the emergence of Neanderthals around 300–200 kya, with the invention of hafting they are sometimes referred to as the technical experts but are thought to have lacked enhanced working memory, extended theory of mind, and shared attention. In Wynn and Coolidge’s viewpoint they lacked enhanced working memory which is the basis of advanced episodic memory, intelligence, language, and theory of mind and therefore probably also lacked modern, recursive-type language [1, 2]. Finally, a more dramatic parietal lobe enlargement occurred relatively recently with parietal globularization (150–100 kya) with vertical expansion and anterior widening (klinorhynchy), unique to modern humans [3]. This may have facilitated neural intra-connectivity, cortico-cortico hyperconnectivity, further visuospatial integration, multimodal processing, as well as improved social communication.
The Mesozoic Family Eremochaetidae (Diptera: Brachycera) in Burmese Amber and Relationships of Archisargoidea: Brachycera in Cretaceous Amber, Part VIII

ABSTRACT All 16 species of the family Eremochaetidae occur from the Late Jurassic to the mid-Cretaceous of eastern and Central Asia. The first species in amber, and the latest occurrence of the family, was recently described as Zhenia xiai, from the mid-Cretaceous of Myanmar, ca. 100 Ma. New observations of a finely preserved specimen allow refinement of the morphological interpretations in the original description. The female of Zhenia, for example, has the distinctive piercing oviscapt of the superfamily Archisargoidea, formed from modified cerci (not tergites 8 and 9 as originally reported). The pretarsus of Zhenia bears an enormous empodial pad and pair of pulvillae, but the claws are highly vestigial (contra Zhang et al., 2016). The fly was almost certainly a parasitoid. A cladistic analysis of 26 binary-state characters and six continuously variable characters, using 47 exemplar Archisargoidea species from most genera and all four families, and five outgroup Brachycera, has very poor support for mos...
The Size of AOT Reverse Micelles

Reverse micelles (RMs) made from water and sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) are commonly studied experimentally as models of aqueous microenvironments. They are small enough for individual RMs to also be studied by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, which yields detailed insight into their structure and properties. Although RM size is determined by the water loading ratio (i.e., the molar ratio of water to AOT), experimental measurements of RM size are imprecise and inconsistent, which is problematic when seeking to understand the relationship between water loading ratio and RM size, and when designing models for study by MD simulation. Therefore, a systematic study of RM size was performed by MD simulation with the aims of determining the size of an RM for a given water loading ratio, and of reconciling the results with experimental measurements. Results for a water loading ratio of 7.5 indicate that the interaction energy between AOT anions and other system components is at a minimum when ...
Determinants of R&D - Competition and Market Power: Evidence from Pharmaceutical Industry

We examine why firms undertake R&D and what decides the magnitude of R&D they do. We postulate based on previous literature, that the initial motivation for R&D and the extent of R&D is determined by the competition within an industry and market power of the respective firms. We extend the previous literature on industry level studies and studies looking at dominant firms in an industry to all firms within the industry. We develop empirical measures for market power and construct a simple model to explain the R&D activities of firms based on exogenous factors. Several studies have examined the impact of public policy, free cash flow, Tobin's Q, capital structure and corporate governance parameters on firm level R&D. We control for firm specific factors as per the previous literature. We test our model on a group of pharmaceutical companies. As predicted by the model, R&D is significantly related to competition and market power. The control parameters are in consonance with the previous literature. We discuss the policy implications of our model and estimate cut off values for Competition and market power above which R&D is likely to taper off.
Spanner: Becoming a SQL System

Spanner is a globally-distributed data management system that backs hundreds of mission-critical services at Google. Spanner is built on ideas from both the systems and database communities. The first Spanner paper published at OSDI'12 focused on the systems aspects such as scalability, automatic sharding, fault tolerance, consistent replication, external consistency, and wide-area distribution. This paper highlights the database DNA of Spanner. We describe distributed query execution in the presence of resharding, query restarts upon transient failures, range extraction that drives query routing and index seeks, and the improved blockwise-columnar storage format. We touch upon migrating Spanner to the common SQL dialect shared with other systems at Google.
Non-cooperative game-theoretic model of demand response aggregator competition for selling stored energy in storage devices

Abstract Our research is primarily concerned with the construction of a theoretical model of the competition between demand response aggregators for selling energy previously stored in an aggregation of storage devices (which the aggregator manages) given sufficient demand from other aggregators through an incomplete information game. The model culminates in a game-theoretically justifiable decision making procedure for the sellers which may be used to predict and analyze the bids made for energy sale in the market. The methodology for applying the model is worked out in detail for a three-aggregator case where two players compete with each other for sale to a third. Relevant numerical data for the competition is taken from a real case study which took place on the island of Maui, Hawaii. This market framework is presented as an alternative to the traditional vertically-integrated market structure, which may be better suited for developing demand response and smart grid technologies. We consider two non-cooperative game variants with different market conditions: one competition with no limitation, and one a Stackelberg competition subject to limitations on transaction price and size, each separately with and without inclusion of demand response scheduling (we focus on significant load-bearing thermostatic storage devices such as water heaters, though the principles should be applied generally). Determining the optimal bidding strategies follow the same procedure, and the equilibrium bidding strategies of all others are determined by each player in each case and demonstrates the wide applicability of our methods in each case. Bidding strategy is dependent on parameters inherent to an aggregator’s energy storage hardware. Demand response scheduling offers greater payoff for aggregators who implement it, compared with those who do not. Addition of transaction price and power quantity regulations to the market lowers payoffs for all aggregators participating in the market relative to competition with no limitation.
Auditory processing enhancements in the TS2-neo mouse model of Timothy Syndrome, a rare genetic disorder associated with autism spectrum disorders.

Timothy syndrome (TS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by a single de novo missense mutation to the 8A exon of CACNA1C gene, which codes for the voltage-gated L-type Ca2+ channel (Cav1.2). TS is strongly associated with cardiac arrthytmias, autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), and neurological dysfunction such as language impairments, seizures, and intellectual disability. A genetically engineered knock-in mouse with a heterogeneous TS2 (G406R) mutation in the L-type calcium channel containing a neomycin resistance cassette was developed to study ASD-like behaviors. This mouse model (TS2-neo) provides us with a platform to investigate the role of calcium channel inactivation and calcium signaling related to brain development and ASD. The purpose of the current study was to behaviorally characterize TS2-neo mice by assessing their performance on a wide variety of behavioral paradigms, including replication of findings that support the TS2-neo as a valid platform for studying ASD-like behavior. In addition to examining core social and repetitive anomalies, we sought to focus on basic perceptual processing in the auditory domain. Results indicate that the loss of Cav1.2 inactivation in this mouse model results in deviant social and repetitive behaviors as well as poor sensorimotor learning. Additionally, TS2-neo mice display superior performance on both an embedded tone and silent gap discrimination task for short-duration acoustic stimuli. These findings parallel the low-level auditory enhancements observed within the ASD clinical population. Additionally, structural anomalies were seen for mutant mice in some white matter tracts and in the medial geniculate nucleus (MGN). Co-occurrence of these findings suggests that aberrant MGN morphology may be related to enhanced auditory processing phenotype as seen in ASD.
An innovative approach to collaborative simulation training on teamwork skills for pediatric residents and nursing students.

To the editor, We wish to submit our brief findings on the use of collaborative simulation training to enhance teamwork skills of pediatric residents and nursing students. Physicians and nurses are commonly educated independently but are expected to demonstrate teamwork skills in professional practice. Nursing, medical, and other healthcare organizations have called for a movement away from educating medical and nursing students in isolated academic environments.1 This is because a lack of interprofessional collaboration and communication is cited as one cause for medical errors that results in poor patient outcomes.2 The literature suggests that collaboration between physicians and nurses can be linked to decreases in morbidity and mortality, reduced healthcare costs, and medical errors.3 Additionally, several studies have shown that interdisciplinary education increases patient satisfaction.4 5 Education with mixed-modality simulation can prepare nursing students and resident physicians for collaborative professional practice.6–8 In general, and historically, there often is a lack of effective teaching strategies for interprofessional education in medical schools and nursing schools. The proposed new accreditation standards from Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME) recommend that the core curriculum of a medical education program must prepare medical students to function collaboratively on healthcare teams that include other health professionals. Members of the healthcare teams from other health professions may …
The Role of Affect in Intraindividual Variability in Task Performance for Young Learners

Young learners (defined as children ages 5–12) of English as a foreign language are growing in number worldwide. At the policy level, foreign language (FL) programs for young learners are increasingly emphasizing the use of task-based language teaching (TBLT). In practice, however, designing and implementing tasks for young learners poses numerous challenges, especially considering that young learners are in the midst of developing cognitively, socially, linguistically, and affectively. In this article, the author focuses on the role of affect (emotion and mood) in TBLT, a research topic that has largely been ignored. Drawing on existing theories in psychology that explain relationships between affect and cognition or learning, as well as on research on children's development, play, and game research, she advocates for the need both to pay more serious attention to affect and to incorporate research findings on the role of affect in task designs and implementation into theory building and practice in TBLT. Instead of treating affect as an individual and stable trait (i.e., as an interindividual variable) and searching for a linear cause-and-effect relationship between learners’ affect and their performance in tasks, she argues that we need to pay more attention to intraindividual variability in children's task performance (i.e., variability in performance within individuals) and to examine the role of affect in such intraindividual variability in a dynamic fashion. Though her argument is primarily based on TBLT for young learners, she believes that the importance of affect in TBLT applies to wider contexts as well.
SNPs near the cysteine proteinase cathepsin O gene (CTSO) determine tamoxifen sensitivity in ERα-positive breast cancer through regulation of BRCA1

Tamoxifen is one of the most commonly employed endocrine therapies for patients with estrogen receptor α (ERα)-positive breast cancer. Unfortunately the clinical benefit is limited due to intrinsic and acquired drug resistance. We previously reported a genome-wide association study that identified common SNPs near the CTSO gene and in ZNF423 associated with development of breast cancer during tamoxifen therapy in the NSABP P-1 and P-2 breast cancer prevention trials. Here, we have investigated their roles in ERα-positive breast cancer growth and tamoxifen response, focusing on the mechanism of CTSO. We performed in vitro studies including luciferase assays, cell proliferation, and mass spectrometry-based assays using ERα-positive breast cancer cells and a panel of genomic data-rich lymphoblastoid cell lines. We report that CTSO reduces the protein levels of BRCA1 and ZNF423 through cysteine proteinase-mediated degradation. We also have identified a series of transcription factors of BRCA1 that are regulated by CTSO at the protein level. Importantly, the variant CTSO SNP genotypes are associated with increased CTSO and decreased BRCA1 protein levels that confer resistance to tamoxifen. Characterization of the effect of both CTSO SNPs and ZNF423 SNPs on tamoxifen response revealed that cells with different combinations of CTSO and ZNF423 genotypes respond differently to Tamoxifen, PARP inhibitors or the combination of the two drugs due to SNP dependent differential regulation of BRCA1 levels. Therefore, these genotypes might be biomarkers for selection of individual drug to achieve the best efficacy.
Capstone Courses and Projects

The capstone should prepare our student artists to take risks with increased capacity for self-knowing and resilience. Capstones should prepare our students for careers inside and outside of performance by providing skills in arts administration, entrepreneurship, and ethical reflection. “Transferrable skills” is not a bad word. Having students learn how their skills relate to careers outside the arts will only enhance their career prospects. These case studies demonstrate effective capstone coursework and projects that include opportunities for students’ self-exploration and collaborative work. Gretchen McLaine utilizes individual capstone projects in dance that demonstrate longitudinal progress toward student learning outcomes. Marc Ernesti focuses on the often neglected support of early career transition for music graduates, with professional development opportunities that are relevant to the current music industries.
Vinogradskii’s Reception in Russian and Soviet Microbiology

Vinogradskii was a Russian scientist. The simple restatement of this fact, however, only begins to explain the wide recognition he enjoyed during the Soviet period—and still enjoys today. In the last decades of Imperial Russia, he had gained a reputation as a leading figure in world science through his novel scientific discoveries, and by contributing significantly to the institutional and disciplinary development of Russian science. During his second, French career, he never returned to Russia, yet Soviet scientists continued to cite his publications. Even during the Soviet period, when emigres like Vinogradskii could be dangerous contacts, a significant number of Soviet scientists maintained correspondence with him and visited his laboratory in Brie-Comte-Robert.
Investigation of Negative Surface Curvature Effects in Axisymmetric Shock/Boundary-Layer Interaction

The shock/boundary-layer interactions (SBLIs) generated by a negatively curved compression ramp are investigated. The ramp was mounted to the inner surface of a semicircular hollow cylinder, along ...
Physiology of Limbic Hyperexcitability after Experimental Complex Febrile Seizures: Interactions of Seizure-Induced Alterations at Multiple Levels of Neuronal Organization

Publisher Summary This chapter summarizes the findings concerning the electrophysiological basis of the long-term modifications in limbic circuits following experimental complex febrile seizures. The electrophysiological experiments were conducted one week or months after the seizure episode. Data from rats that experienced prolonged hyperthermia-induced seizures were compared to results from their control littermates, which either were maintained normothermic or underwent the same duration and magnitude of hyperthermia but did not sustain seizures because they were pretreated with a short-acting barbiturate. The novel results summarized in this chapter demonstrate that prolonged experimental febrile seizures in the immature rat can lead to robust, long-lasting modifications at the level of channels, synapses, and neuronal networks. In light of the increased knowledge about the long-term modifications in limbic circuits after hyperthermia-induced seizures, it is interesting to consider the question of whether the potentiated inhibition after experimental febrile seizure is primarily pro- or anticonvulsive in its ultimate net effects. The field recording results indicate that the potentiated inhibitory synaptic transmission induced by the hyperthermic seizures can inhibit pyramidal cell discharges to a greater extent than in controls, as long as the incoming excitatory inputs arrive at low frequencies.
Use of Growth Hormone in Surgery

An organism’s reaction to injury, including surgery, or infection involves not merely a local healing process, but also a systemic metabolic response. One feature of the adaptation seen is the mobilization of amino acids from muscle and their transport to visceral tissue, primarily liver, to take part in biochemical processes including the synthesis of acute phase proteins and formation of new glucose molecules. The nitrogen released from the amino acids forms urea and appears in the urine. Nitrogen loss is a consistent feature of the metabolic response to stress states, and the amount lost is generally proportional to the severity of the insult.
Modeling complex human systems: An adaptable framework of urban food deserts

Abstract Food Deserts (FDs) are an expansive problem with cascading effects on quality of life and health outcomes. Simulation modeling of food access within FDs may help decision-makers and urban planners cost-effectively test solutions to food accessibility, and determine which interventions are best able to mitigate negative effects on FD residents. This work devises an adaptive framework that can inexpensively simulate FDs and assess which policy and built environment disruptors—e.g., expanded bus routes, increased pedestrian safety infrastructure, new grocery stores—generate the greatest increase in food access. This framework combines Agent-Based Modeling, GIS, and Discrete Event Simulation to determine the percent of FD residents without food access (as defined by the USDA) before and after a disruptor is introduced. To assess its functionality, the framework was applied to a case study region in Austin, Texas. Results indicate the modeled disruptors improved food access between 2–45%, depending on the type of disruptor, its location, and the distance residents are willing to walk. Notably, results demonstrate how applying this framework allows one to (1) inexpensively test proposed solutions to food-access issues before large-scale capital investments are made; (2) identify emergent behavior that influence disruptors’ efficacy; and (3) identify unique, area-specific solutions that achieve more sustainable improvements in food access.
Bioinspired/Chemically Enhanced Biosensor for Detection of Gaseous Isopropyl Alcohol

Inhalation of IPA impairs cognition and depresses the nervous system. Current gas-phase sensors are unable to selectively detect isopropyl alcohol from other volatile organic compounds. We present the development of bioinspired sensors using nanomaterials to provide real-time monitoring and differentiate IPA from background compounds.
From Childhood Victim to Adult Criminal: Racial/Ethnic Differences in Patterns of Victimization–Offending among Americans in Early Adulthood

A sample of Americans in early adulthood was surveyed to determine (1) whether and how victimization shapes future offending among non-Hispanic Whites, non-Hispanic Blacks, and Hispanics and to exa...
Fertility preservation in female cancer patients

Recent diagnostic and therapeutic advances in pediatric oncology have led to greater survival rates in children with malignancies. However, while adolescent cancer therapies improve long-term survival, such treatments often lead to infertility, early menopause and long-term health problems related to early ovarian failure. As more young women survive childhood cancer and lead full lives, these concerns are becoming increasingly important. Faced with the diagnosis of cancer during the reproductive years, patients will have many questions, not only about the cancer and treatment itself but also with respect to future fertility. Will they be able to have children? Will the children be healthy? What technologies exist to help them preserve their fertility and what are the success rates? Can the cancer treatment allow a delay in order to accomplish fertility preservation? Clinicians must be armed with updated information to address these concerns and help guide patients through cancer treatment towards a healt...
Comparison of Older and Younger Adults' Attitudes Toward the Adoption and Use of Activity Trackers.

Background: Activity tracking devices have significant potential in assisting older adults’ health care and quality of life, but this population lags behind in the adoption of these devices. While theoretical frameworks have been introduced to explain and increase the adoption of this technology by older adults, little effort has been made to validate the frameworks with people in other age groups. Objective: The goal of this study was to validate the theoretical framework of technology acceptance by older adults that we previously proposed through a direct comparison of the attitudes to and experiences of activity trackers in older and younger users. Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 2 groups of 15 participants to investigate their experiences of using activity trackers. The recruitment criteria included age (between 18 years and 24 years for the younger participant group or 65 years and older for the older participant group) and prior experiences of using mobile devices or apps for activity tracking for 2 months and longer. Results: Our findings showed that the phase of perceived ease of learning as a significant influencer of the acceptance of activity trackers existed only in the older participant group, but this phase never emerged in the younger participant group. In addition, this study confirmed that other phases exist in both age groups, but 2 distinct patterns emerged according to age groups: (1) the social influence construct influenced the older participants positively but the younger participants negatively and (2) older participants’ exploration in the system experiment phase was purpose-driven by particular needs or benefits but for younger participants, it was a phase to explore a new technology. Conclusions: This study confirms the validity of the proposed theoretical framework to account for the unique aspect of older adults’ technology adoption. This framework can provide theoretical guidelines when designing technology for older adults as well as when generating new investigations and experiments for older adults and technology use.
The Representational Function of Clinic Design: Staff and Patient Perceptions of Teamwork.

Objective:This study empirically investigates the relationships between visibility attributes and both patients’ and staff members’ teamwork experiences.Background:Teamwork among healthcare profess...
Discovery of COVID-19 Inhibitors Targeting the SARS-CoV-2 Nsp13 Helicase.

The raging COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has infected tens of millions of people and killed several hundred thousand patients worldwide. Currently, there are no effective drugs or vaccines...
College Students’ COVID-19 Vaccine Beliefs and Intentions: Implications for interventions

On college campuses, effective management of vaccine-preventable transmissible pathogens requires understanding student vaccination intentions. This is necessary for developing and tailoring health messaging to maximize uptake of health information and vaccines. The current study explored students beliefs and attitudes about vaccines in general, and the new COVID-19 vaccines specifically. This study provides insights into effective health messaging needed to rapidly increase COVID-19 vaccination on college campuses--information that will continue to be informative in future academic years across a broad scope of pathogens. Data were collected via an online cohort survey of college students aged 18 years and older residing on or near the campus of a large public university during fall 2020. Overall, we found COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in college students correlated strongly with some concerns about vaccines in general as well as with concerns specific to COVID-19 vaccines. Taken together, these results provide further insight for message development and delivery, and can inform more effective interventions to advance critical public health outcomes on college campuses beyond the current pandemic.
An entrainment model for air curtain effectiveness

Abstract Air curtain performance is a function of the source angle ( θ ), deflection modulus ( D M ) and the neutral height ( h n ). For given values of h n and θ there is a critical D M . C above which the air curtain will reach the floor. However, the air curtain alters the location of the neutral height. Herein the simultaneous solution of the integral forms of the momentum and angular momentum equations leads to a prediction of the change in the neutral height due to the presence of the air curtain. For a vertical two-dimensional air curtain the predicted value is h n / H = 1 / 3 and leads to D M . C = 0 . 167 . Experimental and computational studies show that above this D M . C the curtain effectiveness increases to a peak at D M . m a x and then decreases. The peak effectiveness being above the critical D M is typically attributed to installation issues. However, it is shown that the application of an entrainment model for modeling the air curtain volume flux leads to a prediction of the peak effectiveness occurring at D M . m a x = 1 . 26 D M . C even for an idealized two-dimensional flow. This is almost identical to the minimum air curtain safety factor of 1.3 found in the literature. The model shows that the reduction in effectiveness as D M decreases from D M . m a x to D M . C is not due to three-dimensional effects but is due to the increased path length of the air curtain as D M approaches D M . C .
High-speed measurements of small-scale features in sprites: Sizes and lifetimes

[1] We report on the results of observations with a combination of high-speed and telescopic imaging to capture high spatial resolution images of sprite streamers and beads at high frame rates, revealing the evolution and propagation of these structures on a decameter scale at millisecond and higher resolution. In July and August 2004, sprites were observed from Langmuir Laboratory, in the mountains of New Mexico, using a >1000 frames-per-second intensified CCD imager mounted to a Dobsonian reflecting telescope. We present a number of examples of sprite features, along with photometric data on sprites and sprite halos, taken with the Wide-angle Array for Sprite Photometry (WASP). Results show a variety of structures, including evidence of formation and evolution of both streamers and beads. Examples and statistics presented indicate that most bead structures have sizes of 10–300 m, similar to previous telescopic observations, and endure typically for a few milliseconds to 10 ms, with rare cases of up to 50 ms. Similarly, streamer-like structures are observed to have diameters of 10–300 m but persist for shorter timescales, typically 2–3 ms, with occasional cases of up to 10 ms. Attempts to measure propagation of streamers indicate that higher frame rates are required in order to observe speeds on the order of previous wide-field-of-view observations and modeling predictions.