cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Development and pilot testing of a self-management internet-based program for older adults with overactive bladder.

Objectives To implement and pilot test our Self-Management Internet-Based Program for Older Adults with Overactive Bladder (OAB-SMIP) in a group of older adults with overactive bladder (OAB) to determine its usability and outcomes, including knowledge, self-efficacy, perception of bladder condition, and health-related quality of life. Methods In a single-group study design with pre- and post-tests, we recruited 25 men and women age 55 or older with symptoms of OAB. The OAB-SMIP intervention consisted of 3 multimedia e-learning tutorials, social networking features, and other online resources delivered over 6 weeks. Results Participants enjoyed the OAB-SMIP and found it easy to use. Participants demonstrated increased knowledge (SMD = 4.17, large effect size), and their symptoms improved after the intervention (SMD = 1.20-1.30, large effect sizes). Participants improved their overall self-efficacy (SMD = 1.84, large effect size) as well as their self-efficacy in performing pelvic muscle exercises (SMD = 1.41, large effect size) and controlling urge symptoms (SMD = 1.32, large effect size), and there were significant increases in health-related quality of life (SMD = 1.13, large effect size) after exposure to the OAB-SMIP. We did not find any significant gender differences. Conclusions Participants using the OAB-SMIP improved their knowledge, symptoms, self-efficacy in performing pelvic muscle exercises and overall management of OAB, as well as health-related quality-of-life scores.
NCSynch: A novel, progestagen-free protocol for ovulation synchronization and timed artificial insemination in goats

Abstract The objective of this study was to compare overall pregnancy success achieved using a combined ovulation synchronization-timed artificial insemination (NCSynch-TAI) protocol with that obtained using estrus synchronization and artificial insemination (AI). Multiparous Boer and Boer-cross does ( n = 132) were randomly assigned within age (year 1) or parity (years 2 and 3) to one of two treatments. Control does received 15 mg prostaglandin F (PGF; Lutalyse ® ) on days 1 and 10 of treatment. Estrus onset was checked twice daily with separately penned, intact bucks (year 1) or a vasectomized buck penned with the does (years 2 and 3). Control does were bred by AI 12 h after estrus onset using frozen semen. NCSynch-TAI does received 15 mg PGF on day 1 of treatment. Does received 50 μg GnRH (Cystorelin ® ) on day 8, and 15 mg PGF was given on day 15. On day 18, NCSynch-TAI does were appointment bred using frozen semen and received 50 μg GnRH at breeding. Pregnancy status was determined using transabdominal ultrasonagraphy with kidding rates also recorded. In year 1, 13 of 15 control does (87%) were detected in estrus with 8 pregnant to AI for an overall pregnancy rate of 53%. For NCSynch-TAI, 15 does were bred and 11 (73%) became pregnant. In year 2, 24 of 26 controls (92%) were detected in estrus with 19 pregnant to AI (73% overall pregnancy rate). For NCSynch-TAI, 26 does were bred and 20 (77%) became pregnant. In year 3, 21 of 25 controls (84%) were detected in estrus with 8 pregnant to AI (32% overall pregnancy rate). For NCSynch-TAI, 25 does were bred and 14 (56%) became pregnant. Across all years, the overall pregnancy rate for NCSynch-TAI does (45/66, 68%) did not differ ( P = 0.075) compared to controls (35/66; 53%). Kidding rates for the two treatments (68% vs. 51%, respectively) also did not differ ( P = 0.075). In summary, pregnancy success following the use of NCSynch-TAI was comparable to that obtained when does were bred based on detection of estrus.
Use of the transtheoretical model for behavioral change in women’s health

The role of obstetrician-gynecologists and other clinicians as primary care providers comes with important opportunities, as well as new challenges. The regular visits women have with their providers represent an important window of opportunity for providing health promotion and disease prevention messages and interventions. Integrating health promotion messages into women’s health care can have a tremendous public health impact on the health of the nation’s women. For example, more public health benefit can be derived from counseling women about smoking cessation than from conducting routine pelvic examinations in young healthy women. Taking full advantage of this important window of opportunity to promote healthy lifestyles in women is a new challenge. Although primary care providers in women’s health are expert clinicians for women, they generally receive limited training in behavior change. Furthermore, it is difficult to keep abreast of developments in the area of behavior change since such topics are rarely published in mainstream medical journals. To be effective in helping women change health behaviors, such as smoking, diet, and exercise habits, clinicians also need to be knowledgeable about the state-of-the-science behavior change models and interventions. A leading model of behavior change is called the transtheoretical model. The transtheoretical model has been developed over more than 15 years and has been applied across a broad range of behaviors and a wide variety of populations. Examples of health behaviors include smoking cessation; substance abuse; weight control; sexually transmitted disease prevention, including safer sex practices and condom use; contraceptive use; sunlight exposure; exercise; mammography screening; and even physician’s preventive practices with smokers. 1 Examples of its application in special settings and populations include low-income pregnant smokers attending public maternity clinics, 2
High‐temperature elastomers: A systematic series of linear poly(carborane‐siloxane)s containing icosahedral (CB10H10C) cages. I. Thermomechanical behavior in nitrogen

An extensive study of structure–bulk property relations for a systematic series of well-defined linear poly(carborane-siloxane)s is reported. These polymers form the backbone components of the most recently developed high-temperature elastomers. The basic structure is where (1) x = 1, 3, 4, 5, ∞; (2) A = endgroups (reactive and inert); (3) Z = meta-, para-carborane (for x = 3); (4) R = CH3, R = C2H4CF3 (for x = 3), one in five R = C6H5 with the remainder ∼CH3 (for x = 4, randomly and regularly substituted); (5) molecular weight = ∼10,000, ∼50,000 (for x = 3). Thermomechanical spectra (∼1 cps) from −180°C to 625°C to −180°C in nitrogen at 3.6°C/min and thermogravimetric data from 25°C to 800°C in argon are presented. Physical transitions (Tg, Tm, Tcrys, Tsec) are discussed, including a correlation of Tg data with structure (for x = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ∞) using a copolymer equation. Thermostability is also discussed in terms of structure.
Of Principle and Principal: Value Plurality in the Market of Impact Investing

Impact investing—investment with the intentional expectation of social or environmental impact alongside �耀nancial return—constitutes one of a growing array of “concerned markets” where economic exchange is employed as a means to pursue �耀nancial and social or environmental value. Drawing from the pragmatist turn in valuation studies, this article attends to the valuation work that took place in the formation of this new market, examining how market proponents as evaluators recognized, de�耀ned, and negotiated the presence of value complexity in impact investing. I frame the market of impact investing as a case of market design complete with experiments, one in which advocates produced a valuation infrastructure so as to address investors’ dif�耀culty in ascertaining the social and environmental value—as a distinct regime of value from �耀nancial value—of an investment. These experimenters extended judgment devices from mainstream �耀nance to construct calculative tools in this setting that permitted the social or environmental value of investments to be brought into being and to be made calculable for investors without being assigned a �耀nancial value. The study contributes to literature that theorizes the conditions underlying evaluators’ mediation of the multiple registers of value at work in the making of markets.
New Careers in Nursing Scholar Alumni Toolkit: Development of an Innovative Resource for Transition to Practice

The transition from student to professional nurse is challenging and may be more difficult for underrepresented minority nurses. The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation New Careers in Nursing (NCIN) program supported development of a toolkit that would serve as a transition-to-practice resource to promote retention of NCIN alumni and other new nurses. Thirteen recent NCIN alumni (54% male, 23% Hispanic/Latino, 23% African Americans) from 3 schools gave preliminary content feedback. An e-mail survey was sent to a convenience sample of 29 recent NCIN alumni who evaluated the draft toolkit using a Likert scale (poor = 1; excellent = 5). Twenty NCIN alumni draft toolkit reviewers (response rate 69%) were primarily female (80%) and Hispanic/Latino (40%). Individual chapters' mean overall rating of 4.67 demonstrated strong validation. Mean scores for overall toolkit content (4.57), usability (4.5), relevance (4.79), and quality (4.71) were also excellent. Qualitative comments were analyzed using thematic content analysis and supported the toolkit's relevance and utility. A multilevel peer review process was also conducted. Peer reviewer feedback resulted in a 6-chapter document that offers resources for successful transition to practice and lays the groundwork for continued professional growth. Future research is needed to determine the ideal time to introduce this resource.
Molecular mechanism of sterol-induced signaling and disparity of prostate cancer incidence

A11 High prevalence and poor prognosis of prostate cancer in African Americans has been associated with high intake of saturated fats and cholesterol. The connection between obesity, dietary fat and aggressive prostate cancer is inferred from several retrospective and prospective studies of populations, animal experiments and limited clinical research on humans. The pathogenesis of prostate cancer by obesity is unclear and controversial. Nevertheless, lipid abnormalities, especially elevated circulating cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL cholesterol are common features of obesity and may be the contributing factors. The pathogenic mechanism for promotion of prostate cancer by cholesterol is unclear. Several studies show that cellular cholesterol trafficking favors it’s mixing with the bulk plasma membrane cholesterol. Membrane cholesterol enrichment is reportedly a trigger of signaling responses leading to cell growth and carcinogenesis. To the contrary, dietary phytosterols, which are plant cholesterol counterparts, have reportedly suppressive effects on cell growth and signaling. The objective of this study was to establish the molecular mechanism for sterol regulation of prostate cancer incidence and probably the basis for racial disparity in incidence of disease. We investigated the hypothesis that the differences in sterol promotion of prostate cancer can be attributed to differential signaling of caveolin1 (cav-1)-mediated oncogenes and growth-suppressors. The expression of these genes in cultured prostate cancer cell lines was genetically analyzed by RT-PCR. The effects of different sterols on prostate cell growth were analyzed with a Coulter counter, while mitosis and apoptosis were assayed by real RT-PCR and flow cytometry. Our study revealed that cholesterol enrichment promoted mitosis and cell growth, while phytosterols suppressed mitosis and significantly induced tumor-suppression and promoted apoptosis. We demonstrated for the first time that cholesterol upregulated the expression of an oncogene PCGEM1 even in androgen-insensitive prostate cancer cell lines. Phytosterols reversed this effect, while upregulating the expression of cav-1, a mediator of androgen-dependent proto-oncogene signals that control growth and apoptosis. Cholesterol also attenuated the co-expression of cav-1 and NDRG1 genes in both prostate cancer cell lines, while phytosterols reversed this effect. Similarity in the pattern of expression of cav-1 with oncogenes and growth-suppressors by these sterols suggests that cav-1 may mediate various signals of sterol-enrichment. Sterols may therefore contribute to the disparity in incidence of prostate cancer among racial groups by molecular mechanisms that involve cav-1 signaling of pro- and anti-apoptotic genes.
Metabolic interrelationships of vitamins E and B6.

SummaryRats deficient in both vit. E and B6 exhibited an increased excretion of allantoin and creatine and supplementation of the diet with either of these vitamins prevented this increase. Vit. B6 deficiency resulted in a decreased rate of growth and in the excretion of xanthurenic acid following tryptophan administration. Vit. E did not influence growth or xanthurenic acid excretion.
Educational Pathways and Change in Crime Between Adolescence and Early Adulthood

Objectives:This article examines the relationship between intergenerational educational pathways and change in crime. Moreover, it examines the potential mediating roles of family and employment transitions, economic stressors, and social psychological factors.Method:Data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (N = 14,742) and negative binomial models are used to assess associations between educational pathways (i.e., upward, downward, and stable) and change in crime between adolescence and early adulthood. Selection effects are assessed with lagged dependent variables and controls for self-control, grades, and the Add Health Picture Vocabulary Test.Results:Intergenerational educational pathways are significantly associated with changes in crime. Downward educational pathways were predictive of increases in crime, whereas upward pathways were associated with decreases in crime. These associations were partly mediated by family transitions, and more strongly by economic stressor...
Analysis of multiple obstetrical factors of neonatal asphyxia in different gestational age

Objective To investigate the multiple obstetrical factors causing neonatal asphyxia in different gestational age.Methods 304 cases of neonatal asphyxia which were born in our hospital from Oct were analyzed.2005 to Sep.2009.They were divided into 3 groups(34 weeks,≥34~37 weeks,≥37 weeks) according to the gestational age.Results As the increase of gestational age,the natural vaginal delivery rate increased gradually,while the rates of cesarean section and vaginal delivery decreased.There was significant differences among these groups(P 0.05).The rate of neonatal asphyxia due to fetal distress increased with the age of gestational,while the mother's obstetric complications and medical complications reduced gradually.The differences among the groups were significant(P0.01).There was no significant difference of the rate of neonatal asphyxia due to abnormal birth among these groups(P0.05).The incidence of premature infants with premature rupture of membranes was 22.08%,which was much higher than that of 6.61% in non-premature infants(P0.05).The rates of neonatal asphyxia due to the scar uterus was no difference between the premature and non-premature infants(P0.05).Conclusion The neonatal asphyxia obstetric factors between the premature infants and non-premature infants were not all the same.Prevention and treatment measurements should be taken to avoid or reduce the incidence of neonatal asphyxia and decrease the neonatal mortality and disability basing on the difference factors.
Adversities in childhood and their impact on mental health across the life course

How is the brain shaped and refined by children's early social and emotional experiences? In this colloquium, I will focus on the development of children who have endured environments marked by toxic levels of stress early in their development. These children are known to be at increased risk for a variety of health, academic, and social problems. Some of these problems appear immediately, but others may not manifest themselves until much later in development. I will highlight ways in which we can address central issues in human development by studying the quality and timing of children's social experiences. To do so, I will describe recent research involving children who have experienced child abuse and neglect, children raised in poverty, children raised in institutional settings, children who have endured traumatic life experiences, and typically developing children. Through these studies, I will highlight new insights about the developmental processes underlying children's sensitivity to their social environments as a way to understand the emergence of both adaptive and maladaptive human emotional behavior. Defining and specifying ways in which the environment creates long-term effects on brain and behavior holds tremendous promise for improving the health and well-being of children.
Saprophytic fungal infections and lung transplantation--revisited.

Background: Fungal infections cause serious morbidity and death in lung transplant recipients. Some centers exclude and others will prophylactically treat patients with evidence of Aspergillus colonization. Methods: Of 126 patients undergoing lung transplantation at the University of North Carolina since January 1990, five patients have died because of invasive Aspergillus and other saprophytic fungal infections. Those cases are reviewed looking for common predisposing factors, including any evidence of prior colonization. In addition, all preoperative and postoperative culture data on all transplant recipients were retrospectively examined to define the prevalence of preoperative and postoperative Aspergillus colonization in 121 patients with and without cystic fibrosis, none of whom had development of significant fungal disease. Results: Fifty-two percent of 65 patients with cystic fibrosis were colonized with Aspergillus before operation, and 40% after operation at some time. None had development of significant Aspergillus infections, and none received prophylactic antifungal therapy. Most of the deaths from deep-seated fungal infections have been in patients without cystic fibrosis with no evidence of preoperative colonization. These patients had evidence of severe obliterative bronchiolitis, bacterial infections, persisting cytomegalovirus disease, or other major organ failure. Conclusion: The rationale for excluding patients or for giving amphotericin in the perioperative period in those patients who are colonized before surgery is questioned.
Effect of glucagon infusion on the renal clearance of amylase relative to creatinine.

Recent data seem to support a tubular defect as the mechanism of the elevated renal clearance of amylase relative to creatinine in acute pancreatitis. Glucagon has been proposed by some to be an important factor in this phenomenon. To examine the role of glucagon as this “tubular dysfunction factor,” we investigated the effect of intravenously infused glucagon on the fractional excretion of amylase and the tubular handling of a low molecular weight protein, β 2 microglobulin, in normal, healthy volunteers. At glucagon levels far in excess of those seen in pancreatitis, the clearance ratio of β 2 microglobulin relative to creatinine increased, whereas the clearance ratio of amylase relative to creatinine did not increase above the normal range. The dissociation between β 2 microglobulin clearance and amylase clearance allows one to question the theory that tubular dysfunction is the mechanism of the elevated renal clearance of amylase relative to creatinine in acute pancreatitis. Glucagon does not appear to be the sole factor responsible for the elevation of renal clearance of amylase relative to creatinine in acute pancreatitis.
Influenza 2015-2016: Challenges and Recommendations

The influenza season is here. This editorial summarizes some of the recent changes in guidance and provides an updated overview of influenza prevention and management for 2015–2016.
Health Behavior Knowledge and Self-efficacy as Predictors of Body Weight.

Obesity is a public health concern with significant economic costs affecting employers. Worksite wellness programs benefit from developing tailored interventions that consider employees’ health-related knowledge and self-efficacy to change behavior. Correction is a high stress occupation with elevated rates of overweight and obesity. Poor stress management and barriers to achieve optimal health in the work environment increases the need for adequate knowledge and self-efficacy, or the level of confidence to eat healthy and be physically active. This cross-sectional pilot study used a sample of sixteen correctional employees who participated in a Nutrition and Physical Activity Questionnaire. This survey assesses knowledge and self-efficacy for nutrition and physical activity and current health behaviors, such as current dietary habits and level of physical activity. Demographic and anthropometric data were also collected for statistical analyses. Participants were primarily male correction officers working first shift with a mean (±SE) BMI of 29 (±1.05) kg/m2, classified as overweight. Multiple regression analyses revealed that knowledge and self-efficacy scores predicted variation in BMI when controlling for other scores in the model. Findings from this study may be applicable for future health promotion interventions in high-risk occupations. In high-risk occupations such as corrections, understanding environmental and organizational barriers to achieving good health and reducing chronic disease risk is important. However, in addition to reducing these barriers, increasing knowledge, improving skills and self-efficacy to achieve good health are also critical in order to develop effective interventions for this population.
Patterns of Sleep Episodes in Young and Elderly Adults During a 36-Hour Constant Routine

The deterioration of nocturnal sleep and increase in daytime napping that accompany aging may represent changes in homeostatic or circadian aspects of sleep regulation. We addressed these possibilities by examining patterns of unintended sleep episodes, subjective sleepiness and mood during 36 hours of constant wakeful bed rest in 17 healthy 20-30-year-olds (n = 9 men, n = 8 women) and 18 healthy 80-year-olds (n = 11 men, n = 7 women). Subjects had continuous electroencephalographic (EEG) monitoring and core body temperature measurements and completed visual analog scale ratings of sleepiness and mood each hour. Young and elderly groups both showed significant linear and circadian trends in sleep episodes across the interval. Group x time interaction effects revealed a stronger linear trend in the young vs. elderly group, but no difference in circadian trends. Analysis of age groups by sex demonstrated more complex interactions, with elderly men showing weaker rhythmic (circadian) trends than elderly women. Subjective ratings of sleepiness and mood showed no difference in temporal trends between young and elderly groups. These data support the hypothesis that age-related sleep changes result primarily from decreases in homeostatic, rather than circadian, sleep propensity. They also confirm the presence of sex differences in sleep patterns among the elderly and support the distinction between objective and subjective measures of sleepiness.
Supratentorial pressures. Part I: Differential intracranial pressures.

AbstractDynamic supratentorial pressure changes may differentially alter tissue pressure and intraventricular fluid pressure. To evaluate these pressures, we used a floppy cuff intracerebral catheter and an intraventricular catheter in the cat and rhesus monkey. Baseline intraventricular pressures exceeded intracerebral pressure in both species. Intraventricular pressure was 3-4 mmHg in cats and 6-14 mmHg in monkeys, while the intracerebral pressure was in the range 0-4 mmHg in both. Saline injection into the spinal or cranial subarachnoid space resulted in a greater increase in ventricular fluid pressure, and the time for return to baseline was one and a half times longer in the intraventricular compartment. Jugular venous and abdominal compression resulted in a greater rise in the ventricular pressure than intracerebral pressure Inflation of subdural balloons and intracerebral injection of silicone caused a differential pressure across the brain with the pressure being greatest in the ipsilateral hemisp...
Factors Influencing Enzyme Activity

This chapter focuses on the chemical and physical factors as well as the kinetic approaches used to characterize their impact on catalysis, with the exception of inhibitor effects and regulatory effects. Also considered here are the kinetic behavior of crystalline enzymes, kinetic proofreading, as well as the effects of site-directed mutation on enzyme structure, stability, and catalysis. Enzyme catalysis is influenced by many chemical and physical factors. Among the former are low-molecular-weight substances (e.g., protons, metals and other inorganic ions, buffer ions, various organic molecules, as well as natural and synthetic enzyme activators, inhibitors, and stabilizers) and macromolecular components (e.g., proteins, polysaccharides, biomembranes, and other polyelectrolytes). Physical factors include temperature, pressure, ionic strength, solvent polarity, immobilization, substrate sequestration, and molecular crowding. The chemical and structural complexity of enzymes, as well as their interactions, explains why an enzyme's activity can be affected in both subtle and substantial ways. In some cases, an enzyme's entire structure is altered; in other circumstances, the effect is manifestly local. In others the effects are exerted by binding at distal sites that rely on flexibility within the protein's architecture to communicate binding site occupancy to the catalytic center.
Interdependent network formation games with an application to critical infrastructures

The increasing connectivity between critical infrastructures creates a network of networks in which the interdependencies between the networks play an important role in understanding the emerging functions and performances. To this end, this paper aims to establish a game-theoretic framework to capture the interactions between two system designers who aim to maximize individual network utilities. In particular, we use the game model to investigate the decentralized interdependent network for maximizing the algebraic connectivity of the global network. We develop an alternating play algorithm, and show its convergence to a Nash equilibrium network after a finite number of iterations. We corroborate our results through case studies of power and communication networks, and compare the Nash equilibrium solutions with their constrained team solution counterparts. The experimental results provide design guidelines and insights to increase the efficiency of the interdependent network formation games.
The impact of frequency on the performance of microwave ablation.

AbstractPurpose: The use of higher frequencies in percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) may offer compelling interstitial antenna design advantages over the 915 MHz and 2.45 GHz frequencies typically employed in current systems. To evaluate the impact of higher frequencies on ablation performance, we conducted a comprehensive computational and experimental study of microwave absorption and tissue heating as a function of frequency.Methods: We performed electromagnetic and thermal simulations of MWA in ex vivo and in vivo porcine muscle at discrete frequencies in the 1.9–26 GHz range. Ex vivo ablation experiments were performed in the 1.9–18 GHz range. We tracked the size of the ablation zone across frequency for constant input power and ablation duration. Further, we conducted simulations to investigate antenna feed line heating as a function of frequency, input power, and cable diameter.Results: As the frequency was increased from 1.9 to 26 GHz the resulting ablation zone dimensions decreased in the long...
On Lorentzian Ricci solitons on nilpotent Lie groups

The aim of this article is to exhibit the variety of different Ricci soliton structures that a nilpotent Lie group can support when one allows for the metric tensor to be Lorentzian. In stark contrast to the Riemannian case, we show that a nilpotent Lie group can support a number of non-isometric Lorentzian Ricci soliton structures with decidedly different qualitative behaviors and that Lorentzian Ricci solitons need not be algebraic Ricci solitons. The analysis is carried out by classifying all left invariant Lorentzian metrics on the connected, simply-connected five-dimensional Lie group having a Lie algebra with basis vectors E1,E2,E3,E4 and E5 and non-trivial bracket relations E1,E5=E3 and E2,E5=E4, investigating the various curvature properties of the resulting families of metrics, and classifying all Lorentzian Ricci soliton structures.
The origin and purpose of Khirbat al-Mudaybi’

Khirbat al-Mudaybi‘ is the site of an ancient fort on the eastern desert fringe of the Karak plateau in Jordan – an area known as Moab in biblical times. Little was known about the site until the Karak Resources Project between 1997 and 2014 excavated it. The most intriguing find at the site was a massive four-chambered gate decorated with ornate volute column capitals. Ceramic, architectural, and radiocarbon analysis indicate that the fort dates to the late Iron Age, very likely to the seventh century BCE. Who built it, why it was built and why such ornamental architecture was employed, and why it was abandoned remain questions to be answered. This article speculates that the fort was built by a Moabite ruler who, as a client-ruler of the powerful Neo-Assyrian Empire, was required to pay tribute to his overlords. This tribute came from levies on caravan traffic that passed by the site on the desert highway that connected Arabia with Damascus in the north. The impressive architecture was a symbol of royal...
Aspirin Is Associated with Improved Survival in Severely Thrombocytopenic Cancer Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

BACKGROUND Patients with hematologic malignancies are at risk for severe thrombocytopenia (sTP). The risk and benefit of aspirin are not known in thrombocytopenic cancer patients experiencing acute myocardial infarction (AMI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Medical records of patients with hematologic malignancies diagnosed with AMI at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center during 2005-2014 were reviewed. sTP was defined as a platelet count <50,000 cells per µL within 7 days of AMI. RESULTS Of 118 patients with hematologic malignancies who had AMI, 58 (49%) had sTP. Twenty-five patients (43%) with sTP received aspirin as a treatment for AMI. Compared with patients without sTP with AMI, patients with sTP with AMI were less likely to receive aspirin (83% vs. 43%; p = .0001) and thienopyridine treatment (27% vs. 3%; p = .0005). During median follow-up of 3.7 years after AMI, survival was lower in patients with sTP than in those with no sTP (23% vs. 50% at 1 year; log rank p = .003). Patients with sTP who received aspirin for AMI had improved survival compared with those who did not (92% vs. 70% at 7 days, 72% vs. 33% at 30 days, and 32% vs. 13% at 1 year; log rank p = .008). In multivariate regression models, aspirin use was associated with improved 30-day survival both in the overall patient cohort and in sTP patients. No fatal bleeding events occurred. Major bleeding was not associated with sTP or aspirin use. CONCLUSION Treatment of AMI with aspirin in patients with hematologic malignancies and sTP is associated with improved survival without increase in major bleeding. The Oncologist 2017;22:213-221Implications for Practice: In patients with hematologic malignancies and acute myocardial infarction with severe thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 50,000 cells/µL), guideline-recommended medical therapy is often withheld because of the fear of major bleeding. In this study, aspirin therapy was associated with improved survival without an increase in major bleeding in this high-risk patient cohort.
Reproductive Aging: Epidemiology, Symptomatology, and Nomenclature

Aging-related decline in the endocrine and procreative functions of ovaries is the norm, and menopause is the stage of life that is characterized by an eventual cessation of these respective functions. While menopause, as puberty, represents a physiological state, as with puberty, this phase of life may be more challenging for some than others. In this introductory chapter of a textbook on Menopause, our goal is to set the stage, familiarizing the readers with the players (reproductive hormones), the scenes (spectrum of symptoms commonly experienced by women as they approach and enter a new innings of life), and the plot (long-term implications of reproductive senescence).
KATP channel inhibition blunts electromechanical decline during hypoxia in left ventricular working rabbit hearts

Key points Heart function is critically dependent upon the balance of energy production and utilization. Sarcolemmal ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channels) in cardiac myocytes adjust contractile function to compensate for the level of available energy. Understanding the activation of KATP channels in working myocardium during high-stress situations is crucial to the treatment of cardiovascular disease, especially ischaemic heart disease. Using a new optical mapping approach, we measured action potentials from the surface of excised contracting rabbit hearts to assess when sarcolemmal KATP channels were activated during physiologically relevant workloads and during gradual reductions in myocardial oxygenation. We demonstrate that left ventricular pressure is closely linked to KATP channel activation and that KATP channel inhibition with a low concentration of tolbutamide prevents electromechanical decline when oxygen availability is reduced. As a result, KATP channel inhibition probably exacerbates a mismatch between energy demand and energy production when myocardial oxygenation is low. Abstract Sarcolemmal ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP channel) activation in isolated cells is generally understood, although the relationship between myocardial oxygenation and KATP activation in excised working rabbit hearts remains unknown. We optically mapped action potentials (APs) in excised rabbit hearts to test the hypothesis that hypoxic changes would be more severe in left ventricular (LV) working hearts (LWHs) than Langendorff (LANG) perfused hearts. We further hypothesized that KATP inhibition would prevent those changes. Optical APs were mapped when measuring LV developed pressure (LVDP), coronary flow rate and oxygen consumption in LANG and LWHs. Hearts were paced to increase workload and perfusate was deoxygenated to study the effects of myocardial hypoxia. A subset of hearts was perfused with 1 μm tolbutamide (TOLB) to identify the level of AP duration (APD) shortening attributed to KATP channel activation. During sinus rhythm, APD was shorter in LWHs compared to LANG hearts. APD in both LWHs and LANG hearts dropped steadily during deoxygenation. With TOLB, APDs in LWHs were longer at all workloads and APD reductions during deoxygenation were blunted in both LWHs and LANG hearts. At 50% perfusate oxygenation, APD and LVDP were significantly higher in LWHs perfused with TOLB (199 ± 16 ms; 92 ± 5.3 mmHg) than in LWHs without TOLB (109 ± 14 ms, P = 0.005; 65 ± 6.5 mmHg, P = 0.01). Our results indicate that KATP channels are activated to a greater extent in perfused hearts when the LV performs pressure–volume work. The results of the present study demonstrate the critical role of KATP channels in modulating myocardial function over a wide range of physiological conditions.
Building a Bicultural Bridge

ABSTRACTThe balancing act of living between two cultures can have a significant impact on the development of adolescent Latinas living in the United States. Many adolescent Latinas, particularly second generation, live with two sets of cultural values that are often in conflict with one another. This case study illustrates the importance of understanding the impact of acculturation on the individual and the family. Issues of identity, biculturalism, and bilingualism—specifically the phenomenon of language switching—are dismantled in this case study to gain deeper insight into the unique experience that second-generation Latinas undergo when negotiating two cultural orientations. These findings are important to consider when working with the Latino population as they represent one of the largest immigrant groups and the most rapidly growing group in the United States.
Efficient Prediction of Contact Behavior in a 6-High Rolling Mill With Continuously Variable Crown Intermediate Rolls

Continuously Variable Crown (CVC) shifting mechanisms represent a control technology with wide range of capability to influence the thickness profile and flatness (shape) of metal strip and sheet in rolling-type manufacturing processes. Further, because of the efficiency and extensive control capability to operate on thin-gauge, high-strength ferrous alloys, the 6-high mill with CVC profiles machined onto the intermediate rolls (IR) represents a popular mill configuration. This is because of the large control range for the strip thickness profile and flatness, which results from lateral shifting of the CVC intermediate rolls. However, together with this efficiency and capability comes very complex contact behaviors between the rolls and strip, including highly non-linear contact force distribution, loss of contact, asymmetric roll wear, unwanted strip wedge profiles, and the need to apply corrective roll tilting. Therefore, for most effective industry use of 6-high mills with intermediate roll CVC shifting, a rapid and accurate mathematical rolling model is needed to predict and account for these complex contact behaviors. This paper introduces an efficient roll-stack computational model capable of simulating such rolling mills under steady-state conditions. The model formulation applies the simplified mixed finite element method (SM-FEM), which is adapted to simulate asymmetric 6-high CVC mill contact behaviors. Results for a specific case study compare favorably to those obtained from a large-scale commercial finite element simulation, yet require a small fraction of the associated computational time and effort.Copyright © 2017 by ASME
Modeling and energy management of modern shipboard power systems

• An exhaustive overview of the shipboard power system types, architectures, and load analysis • Various bus configurations, distribution schemes, and notable standards were discussed • Various energy storage devices and hybrid energy storage systems were introduced for their strengths in supporting shipboard power system load profiles • 4 unique control schemes to support a hybrid DC microgrid while a number of different case studies were carried out for experimental verification • Hybrid energy storage containing a flywheel was evaluated for both its strengths and weaknesses in supporting shipboard loads from both a general and power quality perspective • Comprehensive hybrid energy storage systems were tested on ship power profiles with both single and multiple pulsed loads applying new dynamic operation tactics to extend shipboard operating durations.
Chronotopic Analysis of Values in Critical Ontological Dialogic Pedagogy

The purpose of this chapter is to deepen my discussion of the role of values in critical dialogic pedagogy that I started in my article with Jay Lemke (Matusov & Lemke, 2015).
The Mössbauer Effect: A New Method for Measuring Diffusion

We have been able to directly observe atomic diffusion in solids by observing the broadening of the Mossbauer line. There appears to be some advantage to the technique over the more common tracer-sectioning technique for measuring diffusion. In addition to the fact that the technique does not require the destruction of the sample, thereby permitting the measurement of the temperature dependence of the diffusivity with a single specimen, it may afford more accurate results for very rapidly diffusing ions. It also may give a direct handle on the Bardeen-Herring correlation factor, particularly in the cases where the diffusing ion undergoes a very highly correlated motion through the lattice, as is expected for vacancy diffusion of impurities, where the binding energy between the impurity and the vacancy is very large. Our data indicate that the temperature dependence of the broadening of the Mossbauer line follows an Arrhenius relation, with a slope parallel to the classical diffusivity for cases which are not highly correlated. In the cases so far studied the broadening is only half of the earlier theoretically predicted value, and the significance of this point is discussed. A novel furnace assembly used for hot-source and hot-absorber experiments under 1100°C is given.
Ethnicity and Early Christianity: New Approaches to Religious Kinship and Community:

This article outlines how recent scholarly interventions about notions of race, ethnicity and nation in the ancient Mediterranean world have impacted the study of early Christianity. Contrary to the long-held proposition that Christianity was supra-ethnic, a slate of recent publications has demonstrated how early Christian authors thought in explicitly ethnic terms and developed their own ethnic discourse even as they positioned Christianity as a universal religion. Universalizing ambitions and ethnic reasoning were part and parcel of a larger sacred history of Christian triumphalism. Christian thinkers were keen to make claims about kinship, descent, blood, customs and habits to enumerate what it meant to be a Christian and belong to a Christian community. The narrative that Christians developed about themselves was very much an ethnic history, one in which human difference and diversity was made to conform to the theological and ideological interests of early Christian thinkers.
Tierexperimentelle Untersuchungen zur gewerbetoxikologischen Beurteilung von 2-Chloräthylisocyanat

Die akute orale Toxicitat von 2-Chlorathylisocyanat (CAIC) betragt 396 mg/kg fur mannliche Ratten und 630 mg/kg fur weibliche Mause. Am Kaninchenauge loste die auserordentlich geringe Menge von 5μl CAIC schwere Reizerscheinungen vor allem an der Conjunctiva aus. Auch die irritative Wirkung an der Kaninchenhaut war betrachtlich. In inhalationstoxikologischen Versuchen, deren Methodik durch Beschreibung eines einfachen Verfahrens zur Beladung von Luft erganzt wurde, erwies sich CAIC als Reizgas ohne erkennbare systemischtoxische Wirkung. Die LC50 fur Ratten betragt bei sechsstundiger Exposition 6,3 ppm. In zwei subakuten Versuchen uber 10 Tage mit Konzentrationen von 3,1 und 3,8 ppm uberlebten alle Ratten. Zehn Tage nach Versuchsende wurden auser im Respirationstrakt (Tracheobronchitis. Bronchopneumonie) histologisch keine pathologischen Veranderungen gefunden. Es wird eine maximale Arbeitsplatzkonzentration (MAK) von 0,02 ppm vorgeschlagen.
Abstract A35: Characterizing the role of the nuclear coactivator AIB1 in triple-negative breast cancer

Individuals diagnosed with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a highly invasive and frequently metastatic breast cancer subtype, do not benefit from targeted therapies. TNBC is a heterogenous disease and can be further subdivided by intrinsic molecular subtyping into basal-like 1 or 2 (BL-1, BL-2), immunomodulatory (IM), mesenchymal (M), mesenchymal stem-like (MSL), and luminal androgen receptor (LAR). Amplified in Breast Cancer 1 (AIB1) is an oncogene that is frequently overexpressed in higher-grade and invasive breast cancers. AIB1 regulates the transcription of several genes through hormone or growth factor signaling. Many of these signaling pathways are involved in cellular growth, differentiation, migration, and metabolism—all of which become deregulated during oncogenesis. In this study, we silence AIB1 by shRNA and study the phenotypic effects in a panel of TNBC cell lines from different TNBC subtypes in vitro. We have established TNBC HCC1806 cell lines expressing low levels of AIB1 and have characterized their phenotype compared to scramble control cells. We observe significant reduction in AIB1 message and protein as detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot. shAIB1 TNBC cells have a significant reduced survival following the initial knockdown. However, serial passaging of surviving cells show differences in proliferation, especially in low serum conditions. These AIB1LOW cells have a significant increase in motility shown in chemotaxis experiments. However, we observe delayed adhesion of AIB1LOW cells when seeded onto plastic culture vessels. Furthermore, when grown onto Matrigel, AIB1LOW cells have a significant reduced tube formation capacity related to their delayed adhesion or reduced motility on substratum. Additionally, AIB1LOW cells have a differential expression of cell surface markers associated with cancer stem cells (i.e., CD24, CD44, CD133). Consistent with these findings, AIB1LOW cells generate tumorspheres more efficiently under serum free in suspension and when embedded in Matrigel. Moreover, AIB1LOW cells develop aggressive phenotypically different tumors in the cleared mammary fat pad of nude mice compared to controls. The AIB1LOW cells are significantly less sensitive to chemotherapy agents and may represent a resistant population that emerges from cancer stem cells following therapy. Interestingly, AIB1LOW cells have a different regulation of genes associated with hypoxia, glycolysis, and apoptosis and these changes may give guidance as to therapy following emergence of resistance in TNBC patients. Citation Format: Francisco R. Saenz, Anton Wellstein, Anna T. Riegel. Characterizing the role of the nuclear coactivator AIB1 in triple-negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Advances in Breast Cancer Research; 2017 Oct 7-10; Hollywood, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2018;16(8_Suppl):Abstract nr A35.
Access Delayed Is Access Denied: Relationship Between Access to Trauma Center Care and Pre-Hospital Death.

Background Timely access to trauma center (TC) care is critical to achieve "Zero Preventable Deaths after Injury." However, the impact of timely access to TC care on pre-hospital deaths in each US state remains unknown. We sought to determine the state-level relationship between the proportion of pre-hospital deaths, age-adjusted mortality, and timely access to trauma center care. Study Design We analyzed state-level analysis of adult trauma deaths reported to the CDC Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiological Research (WONDER) (1999 to 2016). Correlation between the state-level pre-hospital:in-hospital death ratio (PH:IH), the proportion of population with access to Level-I/II TC, and the age-adjusted mortality rate (AAMR) was determined. Population proportion with timely access to TC care was compared between states with a high pre-hospital death burden vs all other states. National estimates of potentially preventable pre-hospital deaths were calculated. Results There were 1,949,375 trauma deaths analyzed. Overall, 1.19 times more deaths occurred pre-hospital (49%, n = 960,554) than in-hospital (42%, n = 810,387). States with better TC access had a lower AAMR (r = −0.71, p Conclusions States with poor TC access have more pre-hospital deaths, which contribute to higher overall injury mortality. This suggests that in these states, improving TC access will be critical to achieve "Zero Preventable Deaths after Injury."