cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Fission product induced swelling of U–Mo alloy fuel

Abstract Fuel swelling of U–Mo alloy was modeled using the measured data from samples irradiated up to a fission density of ∼7 × 1027 fissions/m3 at temperatures below ∼250 °C. The overall fuel swelling was measured from U–Mo foils with as-fabricated thickness of 250 μm. Volume fractions occupied by fission gas bubbles were measured and fuel swelling caused by the fission gas bubbles was quantified. The portion of fuel swelling by solid fission products including solid and liquid fission products as well as fission gas atoms not enclosed in the fission gas bubbles is estimated by subtracting the portion of fuel swelling by gas bubbles from the overall fuel swelling. Empirical correlations for overall fuel swelling, swelling by gas bubbles, and swelling by solid fission products were obtained in terms of fission density.
Wavelet and wavelet packet compression of electrocardiograms

Wavelets and wavelet packets have recently emerged as powerful tools for signal compression. Wavelet and wavelet packet-based compression algorithms based on embedded zerotree wavelet (EZW) coding are developed for electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, and eight different wavelets are evaluated for their ability to compress Holter ECG data. Pilot data from a blind evaluation of compressed ECG's by cardiologists suggest that the clinically useful information present in original ECG signals is preserved by 8:1 compression, and in most cases 16:1 compressed ECG's are clinically useful.
How do Former Inmates Perform in the Community? A Survival Analysis of Rearrests, Reconvictions, and Technical Parole Violations

This study provides insight into the postrelease performance of all former inmates with available data who were released from a prison in New Jersey in 2006 (N = 12,187). Three indicators of recidivism are considered: (a) an arrest for a new crime, (b) a conviction for a new crime, and (c) a technical parole violation. Individuals are categorized into groups according to the release mechanism that they experienced: discretionary parole, mandatory parole, or unconditional release. Multivariate analyses utilize Cox proportional hazards survival tests. Results indicate that after approximately 3 years of follow-up time, those released to supervision were generally less involved in new crimes when compared with those who were released unconditionally. However, a high proportion of those who were paroled recidivated shortly after release, and the predicted probability that a former inmate would recidivate did not substantially differ between release groups in the presence of statistical controls.
Analysis of ascorbic acid in human plasma and urine by HPLC with electrochemical detection.

Abstract The resolving power of high pressure liquid chromatography has been combined with the sensitivity of electrochemical oxidation to develop a method for determination of ascorbic acid in plasma and urine. A simple protein precipitation with 10% trichloroacetic acid and dilution in mobile phase (to which sodium metabisulfite has been added) preceded chromatograDhy. Sample collection and preparation procedures are designed to allow maximal recovery of ascorbic acid. As presented, a practical lower sensitivity of 1.0 ug/ml of plasma or urine with a total of 7 to 8 determinations per hour (unknowns and standards) is possible. The analysis of over 800 samples in a bioavailability study has demonstrated the reliability of the method.
Biochemical characterization and localization of the dual specificity kinase CLK1

CLK1 was one of the first identified dual specificity kinases and is the founding member of the 'LAMMER' family of kinases. We have established the substrate site specificity of CLK1. We report here that truncation of the N terminus of CLK1 resulted in a dramatic increase in CLK1 enzymatic activity, indicating that the N terminus acts as a negative regulatory domain. The N-terminal truncation resulted in a 45-fold increase in V(max), suggesting that this domain does not contain a pseudo-substrate motif, but may act to conformationally constrain the catalytic activity of CLK1. Tyrosine phosphorylation has been proposed to be critical for CLK1 activity, however, CLK1 activity was unaffected by exposure to tyrosine phosphatases. Treatment of CLK1 with the serine/threonine specific phosphatase PP2A, resulted in a 2- to 6-fold increase in enzymatic activity. Incubation of CLK1 with tyrosine phosphatases in combination with PP2A abolished CLK1 activity. These data suggest that CLK1 is regulated by three distinct mechanisms that serve to both positively and negatively regulate CLK1 activity. CLK1 activity is positively regulated by phosphorylation on either tyrosine residues or serine/threonine residues, and is negatively regulated by steric constraints mediated by the N-terminal domain, as well as, by phosphorylation on a subset of serine/threonine residues within the catalytic domain. CLK1 mRNA is expressed at low levels in all tissues and cell lines examined. The full-length and truncated splice forms are expressed at roughly equivalent levels in most tissues. The ratio of the two splice variants of CLK1 can be altered by treatment with cycloheximide. CLK1 protein expression is limited to a small subset of highly localized neuronal populations in the rat brain. Contrary to previous studies using overexpression systems, we show that CLK1 protein is primarily found in the cytoplasm of these cells, with only a small fraction localized to the nucleus.
Abstract 4644: Curcumin C3 ® prevents ultraviolet B radiation-induced acute damage in JB6 keratinocytes and mouse skin via FGF-2/mTOR/NF-KB pathway

Proceedings: AACR 106th Annual Meeting 2015; April 18-22, 2015; Philadelphia, PA Background and Significance: Aggressive Cutaneous Squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) of the face has become the second most common type of skin cancer in the USA due to ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure in tanning booths and sun exposure of our military personnel. UVB is a carcinogen and our previous studies established oral administration of Curcumin C3 complex (C3), a standardized preparation of three curcumonoids - Curcumin (76.07%), Demethoxycurcumin (20.28%) and Bisdemethoxycurcumin (3.63%), delayed UVB-induced tumor onset and multiplicity, but not tumor progression. Accordingly, we sort to determine the preventative efficacy of C3® against UVB-induced photodamage in promotion sensitive JB6 skin keratinocytes and SKH-1 hairless mouse epidermis on the early neoplastic events in the development of UVB-induced skin carcinogenesis. Methods: SKH-1 mice were either administered vehicle or C3 (100mg/kg/b.w) complex orally for 14 days followed by a single exposure to UVB radiation (180mj/cm2). Mice were euthanized 24 hours after UVB exposure and skin tissues and serum were collected. For in vitro studies, promoter-sensitive JB6 mouse epithelial cells were pre-treated with C3® for 2 h and the effects on UVB-induced early molecular signaling events were assessed. Results: C3® attenuated UVB-induced epidermal hyperplasia and significantly decreased epidermal and plasma levels of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2); an important mitogen implicated in proliferation and differentiation of skin keratinocytes. In vitro, C3®blocked UVB-dependent FGF-2 induction and proliferation of cultured keratinocytes via down regulation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-KB) and Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways. Conclusion: Our findings suggest C3® has the ability to protect mice from UVB-induced acute damage. Further the photo-preventive effects of C3® are mediated, at least in part, via modulation of FGF-2/mTOR/NF-KB signaling. Citation Format: Alok R. Khandelwal, Arun Anandharaj, Ekshyyan Oleksandr, Tara Moore-Medlin, Abreo Fleurette, Cherie-Ann O. Nathan. Curcumin C3 ® prevents ultraviolet B radiation-induced acute damage in JB6 keratinocytes and mouse skin via FGF-2/mTOR/NF-KB pathway. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 4644. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-4644
On the Optimum Design of L-Estimators for Phase Offset Estimation in IEEE 1588

In packet-based time synchronization protocols such as IEEE 1588, clock phase offsets are determined via two-way message exchanges between a master and a slave. Since the end-to-end delays in packet networks are inherently stochastic in nature, the recovery of phase offsets from message exchanges must be treated as a statistical estimation problem. Recently, minimax estimators for this problem were proposed by the authors, which are optimum in terms of minimizing the mean-squared estimation error over all values of the unknown parameters. In this paper, we consider a restricted class of estimators referred to as L-estimators, which are linear functions of order statistics. The problem of designing optimum L-estimators is studied under several hitherto unconsidered criteria of optimality. Our results address the case where the queuing delay distributions are fully known, as well as the case where network model uncertainty exists. Optimum L-estimators that utilize information from past observation windows to improve performance are also described. The derived L-estimators have a much lower computational complexity than minimax estimators, and also require lesser statistical knowledge of the queuing delays. Simulation results indicate that L-estimators exhibit a mean-squared estimation error very close to minimax estimators under many network scenarios.
A Transient Expression Assay Using Arabidopsis Mesophyll Protoplasts

1. Arabidopsis (Ecotype: Columbia) 2. Fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Sigma-Aldrich, catalog number: F6178) 3. PEG4000 (Fluka, catalog number: 81240) 4. Mannitol 5. NaCl 6. KCl 7. CaCl2 8. MgCl2 9. 0.5 M MES (pH 5.7) 10. β-mercaptoethanol 11. Cellulase R10 purchased from http://www.yakult.co.jp/ypi/english/frame03.html 12. Macerozyme R10 purchased from http://www.yakult.co.jp/ypi/english/frame03.html 13. Bright-Line/Dark-Line Counting Chambers (catalog numbers: 3100, 3110, 3200, 3500, 1490, 1492, 1475 and 1483) 14. Enzyme solution (see Recipes) 15. PEG solution (see Recipes) 16. W5 solution (see Recipes) 17. MMg solution (see Recipes) 18. Washing and incubation solution (see Recipes)
Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia and thrombocytopenia in a neonate: Treatment and review of literature

Transient hyperinsulinism and thrombocytopenia can occur in neonates following exposure to perinatal stress and birth asphyxia. However, little is known about whether there is a direct association between neonatal hyperinsulinism and thrombocytopenia. We report a case of transient hyperinsulinism and thrombocytopenia, both of which improved after administration of diazoxide in a full-term neonate born by emergency cesarean section and required resuscitation. The newborn had severe hypoglycemia at 8 h of life and continued to have episodes of hypoglycemia while on a continuous glucose infusion rate. The glucagon stimulation test was positive confirming hyperinsulinism and the patient was started on diazoxide. Concomitantly, the neonate also had severe thrombocytopenia and required four platelet transfusions in the first 8 days. Within 24 h after starting diazoxide, both blood glucose and platelet counts improved. We speculate a possible association of hyperinsulinism with thrombocytopenia.
The Influence of Carbon and Nitrogen Nutrition on Pycnidium Development in Phyllosticta Antirrhini

Phyllosticta antirrhini was cultured on 16 carbon compounds and 18 nitrogen compounds to determine the effect of nutrition on pycnidium formation. Nutrition influenced: (1) whether or not pycnidia ...
Proprioceptive Leg Reflexes in Cockroaches

1. Cockroaches have been found to run with stepping frequencies up to 20 cyc./sec. At the higher frequencies mesothoracic amputees do not exhibit the gait adaptations characteristic at lower frequencies. 2. Proprioceptive leg reflexes can follow input frequencies at more than 20 cyc./sec., without phase shift over the frequency spectrum. The myotatic reflex output shows some phase lead with respect to leg position. 3. The contralateral leg responds less strongly and is 180° out of phase with respect to the response of the stimulated leg. Legs in other segments show even weaker responses which are variable in sign. 4. The nervous reflex effects are competent to influence co-ordination at all frequencies found in normal locomotion. The muscular abilities presumably set a limit to higher speeds of running.
Implementation of Simple XSEDE-Like Clusters: Science Enabled and Lessons Learned

The Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) has created a suite of software that is collectively known as the XSEDE-Compatible Basic Cluster (XCBC). It is designed to enable smaller, resource-constrained research groups or universities to quickly and easily implement a computing environment similar to XSEDE computing resources. The XCBC system consists of the Rocks Cluster Manager, developed at the San Diego Supercomputer Center for use on Gordon and Comet, and an XSEDE-specific "Rocks Roll", containing a selection of libraries, compilers, and scientific software curated by the Campus Bridging (CB) group in the XSEDE project, kept current with those implemented on XSEDE resources. The Campus Bridging team has helped several universities implement the XCBC, and finds the design to be extremely useful for resource-limited (in time, administrator knowledge, or funding) research groups or institutions. Here, we detail our recent experiences in implementing the XCBC design at university campuses across the country. These XCBC implementations were carried out with Campus Bridging staff traveling on-site to the partner institutions to directly assist with the cluster build. In implementing XCBC on campuses, we found that number of the needs described by campus communities as well as the broader cyberinfrastructure community are solved by technical means, although financial issues remain. The remaining issue to be addressed is technical interoperation between systems, and we describe efforts to improve here.
The adverse influence of permissive parenting on personal growth and the mediating role of emotional intelligence.

In this research the presumed negative associations between permissive parenting and both adolescents' emotional intelligence and personal growth were examined. Previous studies have demonstrated a...
Function and regulation of tau conformations in the development and treatment of traumatic brain injury and neurodegeneration.

One of the two common hallmark lesions of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains is neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which are composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein (p-tau). NFTs are also a defining feature of other neurodegenerative disorders and have recently been identified in the brains of patients suffering from chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). However, NFTs are not normally observed in traumatic brain injury (TBI) until months or years after injury. This raises the question of whether NFTs are a cause or a consequence of long-term neurodegeneration following TBI. Two conformations of phosphorylated tau, cis p-tau and trans p-tau, which are regulated by the peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1, have been previously identified. By generating a polyclonal and monoclonal antibody (Ab) pair capable of distinguishing between cis and trans isoforms of p-tau (cis p-tau and trans p-tau, respectively), cis p-tau was identified as a precursor of tau pathology and an early driver of neurodegeneration in AD, TBI and CTE. Histological studies shows the appearance of robust cis p-tau in the early stages of human mild cognitive impairment (MCI), AD and CTE brains, as well as after sport- and military-related TBI. Notably, cis p-tau appears within hours after closed head injury and long before other known pathogenic p-tau conformations including oligomers, pre-fibrillary tangles and NFTs. Importantly, cis p-tau monoclonal antibody treatment not only eliminates cis p-tau induction and tau pathology, but also restores many neuropathological and functional outcome in TBI mouse models. Thus, cis p-tau is an early driver of tau pathology in TBI and CTE and detection of cis p-tau in human bodily fluids could potentially provide new diagnostic and prognostic tools. Furthermore, humanization of the cis p-tau antibody could ultimately be developed as a new treatment for AD, TBI and CTE.
Proximations of Public Religion: Worship, Spiritual Warfare, and the Ritualization of Christian Dance

This essay is about a group of neo-Pentecostal evangelists who decided to represent their church in the New York Dance Parade, which they regarded as an opportunity to promote worship as the true purpose of art and engage in spiritual warfare. Their participation was predicated on a distinction between “performance” and “ministry,” privileging the latter. I argue that upholding this distinction in the immersive context of a secular festival required a process of intensive ritualization, involving physical and spiritual preparations and symbolic boundary maintenance. I further argue that anthropological perspectives on such instances of public religion should seek to account for how ritual forms produce and are shaped by the effects of what I call proximation, a condition of “closeness” between categories of activity otherwise regarded as separate and autonomous (e.g., religion and the arts). The concept is a means to explore how religious ministries are influenced by ostensibly external factors and the need to manage them, and by the various opportunities, tensions, and moral associations that arise when ritual strategies evoke comparisons with secular genres and domains. The proximations of religion highlight the ethnographic significance of ideal-typical categories and spheres, including their potential to intersect, which is a byproduct of how they have been differentiated. [Christianity, ritual, performance, evangelicalism, secularism]
Comparison of RNA interference silencing of PAX 2 expression in PC3 and Du145 prostate cancer cell lines.

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 46, 2005 66 Paired box genes are a family of transcriptional regulators that encode for transcription factors that help to guide expression of genes needed for normal development. Paired box genes have been implicated in acting as proto-oncogenes [1]. For example, Pax 2 is expressed in undifferentiated and highly mitotic tissues. The Pax 2 gene has been identified in renal cell carcinoma, Wilm’s tumor, and prostate cancer [2,3,4]. In this study, we are examining the role of Pax 2 in prostate cancer. Studies have shown that Pax 2 binds to the promoter region and may inhibit the expression of the tumor suppressor gene, P53. Previous studies have shown that Pax 2 may be required for cancer cell survival. Moreover, rapid induction of apoptosis is seen in bladder and ovarian cancer following RNA interference against Pax 2 expression [5]. Here we compare the effects of Pax 2 siRNA on cell viability in P53 null (PC3) versus P53 mutant (Du145) prostate cancer cells. The two cell lines were treated with a chemically synthesized siRNA of Pax2 for a 2, 4, and 6 day incubation time. Cellular proliferation and viability were measured in the siRNA treated cells using an in vitro MTT assay. Also, Pax 2 expression was assessed by Western Blot analysis. We established that the percent cell death of PC3 cells transfected with Pax 2 siRNA duplex was 3.7% at day 2 and increased to 37% by day 4 and further increased to approximately 63% by day 6. In contrast, Du145 cells transfected with Pax 2 siRNA duplex experienced approximately 18% cell death with no significant change at the four and six day incubation period. Western blot analysis confirmed lost of expression of Pax 2 as early as the fourth day. It appears that the P53 null PC3 cells treated with siRNA against Pax 2 experience more cell death than the mutated P53 Du145 cells treated with siRNA against Pax 2. This data suggest that Pax 2 may inhibit the function of P53 in PC3 cells which up on inhibition of Pax 2 expression, a P53- mediated pathway to cellular apoptosis may occur. Therefore, this study suggests that oncogenic activity of Pax 2 is mediated through the inhibition of P53- mediated apoptotic pathways.
Transcervical ultrasonographic examination of palatine tonsil size and its correlation with age, gender and body-mass index in healthy children.

Abstract Objective Our aim was to assess the palatine tonsil size with transcervical ultrasonography in healthy children and to analyze whether the palatine tonsil size is correlated with age, gender and body-mass index (BMI). Methods This series consisted of 680 healthy children (340 females, 340 males) who underwent transcervical ultrasonography for evaluation of palatine tonsil size. A total of seventeen age groups (range: 1–17 years) comprised of 40 children (20 females, 20 males) were constituted. Demographic data including gender, height, weight and BMI were noted. Correlation between baseline descriptive data and tonsil volume was investigated. Results The average age was 102.51 ± 59.24 months (range: 12 to 204) and body-mass index was 17.50–5.16 kg/m2 (min: 12.4-max:25.8). The average tonsil volume was 1819.5–2023.5 mm 3 (min:601, max: 4007). The tonsil volume did not differ significantly between females and males (p = 0.108). However, there was a significant difference between tonsil volumes of various age groups (p Conclusion Transcervical ultrasonography can be an accurate, safe, cheap, non-invasive and accessible measure for evaluation of the size of tonsils objectively. There were strongly positive correlations between age, BMI and palatine tonsil size in healthy children and variability with respect to descriptive characteristics must be considered during diagnostic procedures and preoperative evaluation. Advances in knowledge In our study, we suggest that transcervical ultrasonography can be an accurate, safe, cheap, non-invasive and accessible measure for evaluation of the size of tonsils. There were positive correlations between age, BMI and palatine tonsil size in healthy children.
Access control for a database-defined network

Software-defined networking (SDN) allows the insertion of software that manages the network through a centralized controller. While the controller improves network management through features such as network-wide and higher-level abstraction, the urgent requirement of security is still less well-studied. Ravel is a database-defined controller which, like many other SDN controllers, currently exposes all network states to its users without implementing any security measures. This position paper proposes a novel way to implement access control, a specific aspect of security for SDN, in the setting of the Ravel controller.
The Author of the Life of Christina of Markyate: The Case for Robert de Gorron (d. 1166)

The authorship of the Life of the twelfth-century English holy woman, Christina of Markyate (c. 1096–after 1155), has inspired considerable scholarly speculation. Though the writer never once positively identifies himself in extant versions of the text, oblique references locate his activity at the Benedictine monastery of St Albans in Hertfordshire during the 1130s under the patronage of the reigning abbot, Geoffrey de Gorron (1119–46), and intimate the close connections that he enjoyed with his narrative's subjects. Building on these references, and incorporating clues from related sources from St Albans and Markyate, this article reconstructs the likeliest candidate for authorship – Robert de Gorron (d. 1166), Geoffrey's nephew, appointed sacristan and later abbatial successor – and assesses his eligibility.
Fever during labour epidural analgesia

Abstract Maternal fever during labour epidural analgesia is not uncommon and could be associated with potential neonatal and maternal sequelae. Proposed mechanisms of epidural fever include disequilibrium of thermoregulation, infection or inflammation caused by either mechanical or drug related factors. Current evidence suggest that a primary acute inflammatory response with potential secondary inflammatory releasing mediators could be the most plausible pathophysiology. Potential management options include reducing the duration of labour or by reducing inflammatory process. However, studies involving use of steroids to reduce inflammation have found an increased risk of asymptomatic neonatal bacteraemia. Paracetamol has also not been found to prevent maternal epidural fever. Further research is required to understand the process mechanisms so that associated neonatal and maternal complications could be reduced.
Student Expense Survey and its Ramifications for Budget Construction

Student budgets'have always been a ma,jor concern to financial aid administrators. The financial aid profession has an obligation to manage public resources carefully and effectively, to combine the quest for efficiency with compassion for vulnerable and disadvantaged students, and to restore the public's trust for the integrity of the financial aid profession and the programs. Those of us who have the responsibility to spend the taxpayer's dollars must ensure that those resources are not ~isused, and should also strive to provide each student with the financial aid resources to which he or she is eligible. -, The main purpose of financial aid programs is to assist students who would. otherwise be unable to continue their education in meeting the costs of their education. Increasing public awareness of financial aid programs produces more applicants, generally exceeding the amount of available funds. This necessitates and reinforces the need for efficient use of financial aid funds. In this era of accountability, and with expanding student financial aid programs, the U.S. Office of Education and financial aid administrators have an increasing concern about the development of proper methods of determining educational costs and student budget construction. Unless these costs are clearly stated in a consistent manner, the whole process of budget construction, determining need, and awarding financial aid may not necessarily be the most efficient way of spending public resources. Unrealistic budgets can have a profound effect on the federal funding of student aid to institutions as well as on individual student aid applicants through the packages of aid awarded to them in their local campus environments.
Time Dependent Dielectric Breakdown of Cobalt and Ruthenium Interconnects at 36nm Pitch

Time dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) properties of cobalt and ruthenium interconnects were investigated in 36 nm pitch dual damascene test vehicles. We demonstrate that cobalt and ruthenium interconnects with significantly scaled barrier/adhesion layers can achieve comparable TDDB reliability to the Cu standard. This study suggests the properties of low-k dielectrics will gate the maximum supported electric field Emax for these material systems.
Disordered Eating Behaviors and 15-year Trajectories in Body Mass Index: Findings From Project Eating and Activity in Teens and Young Adults (EAT).

Abstract Purpose Disordered eating behaviors are prevalent among adolescents. Understanding how these behaviors link to body mass index (BMI) across different stages of development and over an extended period may provide insight for designing interventions around eating and weight. This study had two objectives: (1) to assess the distribution of disordered eating behaviors and develop a global score of disordered eating behaviors among adolescents and (2) to examine the association between the number of disordered eating behaviors in adolescence and BMI trajectory over 15 years. Methods Project Eating and Activity in Teens and Young Adults (EAT), a longitudinal study of weight-related health and behavior comprising four waves (EAT-I to EAT-IV), measured seven disordered eating behaviors (importance of weight and shape, frequent dieting, extreme unhealthy weight control behaviors, overeating, distress about overeating, loss of control while overeating, and frequency of overeating and loss of control) at baseline (N = 1,230, ages 11 to 18 years, 1998–1999). These behaviors were summed to create a disordered eating behavior score. BMI was self-reported at all four waves (up to age 27–33 years at EAT-IV). Repeated measures with random slope and intercept examined the association between disordered eating behaviors and BMI trajectories over 15 years. Results At baseline, 50.7% and 33.7% of females and males endorsed disordered eating behaviors. Throughout 15 years of follow-up, sociodemographic-adjusted BMI was higher among adolescents who engaged in disordered eating behaviors. The association remained significant after further adjustment for baseline BMI (p Conclusions Among adolescents, regardless of the type of disordered eating behaviors, engagement in disordered eating behavior predicted higher BMI in a dose-response fashion.
The three-dimensional printing renaissance of individualized anatomical modeling: Are we repeating history?

Three-dimensional (3D) printing has revolutionized individualized medicine for patient-specific anatomical modeling and surgical planning. The surge of investigations in model creation for preoperative assessments and patient education has demonstrated improvements in both operative factors and patient satisfaction. In addition, recent technologic advances in 3D printing techniques have provided a resource to create visually pleasing models with chromatic cues for segmentation of adjacent structures. Despite these advances, an important consideration that has yet to be addressed is the quality of representation of the not only the form of structures created, but also the functional relationships of each structure. Jean Francois Fernel (1497-1558 AD) recognized a similar trend in anatomic innovation over 500 years ago, and sparked a series of texts that challenged the superficial anthropocentric views of the time and led to the foundation of physiologic principles that shaped modern medical philosophy. Accurately generating anatomical structures are directly related to discerning true physiologic function, and a comprehensive understanding of both is essential to hold accountability in fidelity for individualized 3D printing.
Urban space and leisure in Hong Kong: The health and social life of elderly bird-keepers

This paper examines how the health and social life of Hong Kong's elderly bird-keepers have been negatively impacted by a set of complex issues that intersect social and cultural change, urban deve...
Factors Associated with a Second Opioid Prescription Fill in Total Knee Arthroplasty

Abstract Background Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) creates a relatively large degree of nociception, making it a good setting to study variation in pain intensity and pain alleviation. The purpose of this study is to investigate factors associated with a second prescription of opioid medications within 30 days of primary TKA. Methods Using an insurance database, we studied 1372 people over a six-year period with no mental health comorbidities including substance misuse and no comorbid pain illness at the time of TKA. Factors associated with a second prescription of opioid medication within 30 days of TKA were sought among: patient demographics and the overall prescription morphine milligram equivalence (MME). Patient and prescription related risk factors were evaluated utilizing logistic relative-risk regression. We reserved a year of data, 222 people, to evaluate the performance of the derived model. Results More than half the patients filled a second prescription for opioids within 30 days of TKA. Factors associated with a second prescription of opioid medication within 30 days of TKA included age (p Conclusion People that are given more opioids tend to request more opioids, but our model had limited diagnostic performance characteristics indicating that we are not accounting for the key factors associated with a second opioid prescription. Future studies might address undiagnosed patient social and mental health opportunities, factors known to associate with pain intensity and satisfaction with pain alleviation. Level of Evidence Diagnostic Level III
Association of Medicaid Expansion Under the Affordable Care Act with Insurance Status and Clinical Characteristics of Low-Income Patients with Newly Diagnosed Melanoma

ImportanceThe Affordable Care Act expanded Medicaid eligibility in participating states to individuals with incomes up to 138% of the federal poverty line. The effects of this policy on the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma in low-income populations has yet to be described. ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of Medicaid expansion on changes in insurance status and clinical characteristics of low-income patients with newly diagnosed melanoma. Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study included patients younger than 65 with a new diagnosis of malignant melanoma from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2016, in the US National Cancer Institutes Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database. ExposuresResidence in a state that expanded Medicaid on January 1, 2014. Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcomes were insurance status, melanoma staging, and overall survival. ResultsIn Medicaid expansion states, there were 1,719 low-income patients with newly diagnosed melanoma during the pre-expansion time period and 1,984 (15% increase) during the post-expansion time period. In nonexpansion states, there were 326 low-income patients with newly diagnosed melanoma during the pre-expansion time period, and 288 during the post-expansion time period (12% decrease). Compared with nonexpansion states, expansion states had a significantly greater reduction in percentage of uninsured patients following Medicaid expansion (adjusted odds ratio, 6.27 [95% CI, 4.83 to 8.14]). Overall survival was not statistically different between expansion and nonexpansion states (HR, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.74 to 1.06]). There were no statistically significant differences in melanoma staging at diagnosis between the expansion and nonexpansion groups (p = 0.05). Conclusions and RelevanceMedicaid expansion was associated with increased melanoma diagnoses in low-income patients and a decreased proportion of uninsured patients. However, our study did not identify differences in clinical outcomes associated with Medicaid expansion. Key PointsO_ST_ABSQuestionC_ST_ABSWas Medicaid expansion associated with changes in insurance status and clinical characteristics of low-income melanoma patients? FindingsMedicaid expansion was associated with increased diagnoses of melanoma in low-income populations and reductions in the proportion of uninsured melanoma patients. However, there were no statistically significant changes in staging at diagnosis or overall survival associated with Medicaid expansion. MeaningIncreased health insurance coverage associated with Medicaid expansion could potentially improve timely detection and treatment of melanoma for low-income populations.
The mediating roles of sleep quality and sedentary behavior between physical fitness and depression among female college freshmen.

This study aimed to investigate interactions among physical fitness, sleep quality, sedentary behavior, and depression among female college freshmen. Participants: A cohort of 1,514 Chinese female ...
Observations of lightning in relation to transitions in volcanic activity during the 3 June 2018 Fuego Eruption.

Satellite and ground-based remote sensing are combined to characterize lightning occurrence during the 3 June 2018 Volcan de Fuego eruption in Guatemala. The combination of the space-based Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) and ground-based Earth Networks Total Lightning Network observed two distinct periods of lightning during this eruption totaling 75 unique lightning flash occurrences over five hours (57 in cloud, 18 cloud-to-ground). The first period of lightning coincided with the rapid growth of the ash cloud, while the second maxima occurred near the time of a deadly pyroclastic density current (PDC) and thunderstorm. Ninety-one percent of the lightning during the event was observed by only one of the lightning sensors, thus showing the importance of combining lightning datasets across multiple frequencies to characterize electrical activity in volcanic eruptions. GLM flashes during the event had a median total optical energy and flash length of 16 fJ, and 12 km, respectively. These median GLM flash energies and lengths observed in the volcanic plume are on the lower end of the flash spectrum because flashes observed in surrounding thunderstorms on 3 June had larger median total optical energy values (130 fJ) and longer median flash lengths (20 km). All 18 cloud-to-ground flashes were negative polarity, supportive of net negative charge within the plume. Mechanisms for the generation of the secondary lightning maxima are discussed based on the presence and potential interaction between ash plume, thunderstorm, and PDC transport during this secondary period of observed lightning.
Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) of adrenal gland metastases in oligometastatic and oligoprogressive disease

BACKGROUND: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) as a form of noninvasive treatment that is becoming increasingly used to manage cancers with adrenal gland metastases. There is a paucity of data on safety and efficacy of this modality. The aim of the study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of adrenal gland SBRT in oligometastatic and oligoprogressive disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, we performed a single-institution analysis of 26 adrenal lesions from 23 patients with oligometastatic or oligoprogressive disease treated from 2013 to 2019 with the goal of achieving durable local control. Palliative cases were excluded. Radiation dosimetry data was collected. Kaplan Meier product estimator and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The median dose was 36 Gy in 3 fractions (range: 24–50 Gy and 3–6 fractions) with a median biologically effective dose (BED10) of 72 (range: 40–100). 1-year local control rate was 80% and median local control was not achieved due to a low number of failures. 1- and 2-year overall survival rates were 66% and 32%. Toxicity was mild with only one case of grade 2 nausea and no grade 3–5 toxicity. Higher neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio was associated with worse overall survival and a trend toward worse progression-free survival. In addition, worse performance status and lower BED10 were associated with worse survival. No such association could be shown for primary tumor location, histology, size or stage. CONCLUSION: Adrenal SBRT for oligometastatic or oligoprogressive disease is a safe and effective form of treatment.
Self-Stabilized LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 in thiophosphate-based all-solid-state batteries through extra LiOH

Abstract Nickle-rich LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NMC 811) cathode material exhibits engaging properties in high energy density and low cost, making it great potential for the next generation high-energy all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs). However, NMC 811 suffers from severe surface electrochemical, chemical, and voltage incompatibility towards solid-state electrolytes (SSE), especially thiophosphate-based electrolytes like Li6PS5Cl. Although diverse coating methods have been made to overcome this issue, they are typically cumbersome and expensive. A coating strategy that satisfied all the requirements of cost-efficiency, stability, uniformity, scalability, and easy-achieving is still challenging. In this work, we developed a LiOH-based surface stabilization strategy that provides a ~10 nm stable permeable layer on NMC 811. After one-step sintering of NMC 811 precursor mixed with LiOH, which is commonly used for NMC 811 lithiation process, excessive LiOH simultaneously distributes on NMC 811 particles. Unlike other reported methods, this coating method can be easily controlled and fabricated without additional complicated processes. By simply controlling the thickness of LiOH layer, which protects the Li6PS5Cl solid electrolyte materials from being oxidized, optimized cycling stability can be obtained for 600 cycles with capacity of 130 mAh g − 1 on average at a wide electrochemical window of 2.50−4.20 V (vs. Li-In).
Politicized Science

Publication of the study, How Different are the Adult Children of Parents Who Have Same-Sex Relationships? Findings from the New Family Structures Study (Regnerus, 2012), caused a firestorm in the scientific community. Unlike previous studies, it found differences between the children raised by parents who had experienced a same-sex relationship as compared to those raised by heterosexual parents. Most would acknowledge that policy-relevant social science is seldom value free and frequently gets politicized, but the Regnerus controversy illustrates that it is value dependent, with scientist deeply embedded in its politicization. The kind if science that gets conducted, how findings are interpreted and received, and the degree of critical scrutiny such studies receive is dependent upon scientists’ sociopolitical views. Making every effort to apply the same standards when scrutinizing studies that provide politically palatable results as those that do not, and promoting rather than discouraging ideological diversity among researchers and their funders, are the best way to ensure value-pluralism and the integrity of science in the oft-politicized field of social science.
Meteorological Conditions Experienced During the Orion Pad Abort Test

Presentation describes the atmosphere at launch minus one day and a forecast associated for launch. Also presented is the day of launch observations from weather balloons, the 924 MHz wind profiler, and four Surface Automatic Meteorological System (SAMS) from nearby locations. Details will be provided illustrating the terrain and atmosphere interactions that produced strong winds at the launch site and calm winds at the balloon launch facility just 3 miles away.
Abstract 16227: Histological Findings of Increased Extra-Cellular Matrix and Altered Cellular Composition Correlates With the Severity of Myxomatous Mitral Valve Degeneration

Objective: Abnormal accumulation of type III collagen, proteoglycans, and valvular interstitial cells (VICs) in mitral valve prolapse may lead to increased morphological severity of myxomatous mitral valve degeneration. Methods: Twenty-five human posterior mitral valve leaflets (20 prolapsed leaflets with severe mitral regurgitation obtained at surgical repair and 5 normal posterior valve leaflets from autopsy) were studied. HE 1: mild; 2: moderate; and grade 3 -severe infiltration including venticularis. Polarization microscopy was used to quantify type I and III collagen density and computerized planimetry to measure the proteoglycan density. Results: See Table and Figure Conclusion: Increased type III collagen, proteoglycan density and VIC proliferation in the spongiosa layer is associated with increased morphological severity of myxomatous mitral valve degeneration. Genetic and molecular signaling studies are needed to elucidate extracellular infiltration and VIC proliferation in the disease progression of mitral valve degeneration
Differentiating Right from Wrong

What the last section said for integrals, this section says for derivatives. If you remember nothing else from calculus, remember this: A derivative measures the slope of a tangent line.
Educational research and inquiry: qualitative and quantitative approaches

edited by D. Hartas, 2010, London: Continuum, 480 pp., £34.99 (pbk), ISBN 978-1-4411-7871-8. Educational research is an area of high interest. Research results are used to influence teachers’ instr...
Water Ice on Kuiper Belt Object 1996 TO66

The 1.40-2.40 micron spectrum of Kuiper Belt object (KBO) 1996 TO66 was measured at the Keck Observatory in September 1998. It's spectrum shows the strong absorptions near 1.5 and 2.0 micron characteristic of water ice--the first such detection on a Kuiper Belt object. The depth of the absorption bands and the continuum reflectance of 1996 TO66 also suggest the presence of a black to slightly blue-colored, spectrally featureless particulate material as a minority component mixed with the water ice. In addition, there is evidence that the intensity of the water bands in the spectrum of 1996 TO66 vary with rotational phase suggesting that it has a "patchy" surface.
Seismic Monitoring To Assess Performance Of Structures In Near‐Real Time: Recent Progress

Earlier papers have described how observed data from classical accelerometers deployed in structures or from differential GPS with high sampling ratios deployed at roofs of tall buildings can be configured to establish seismic health monitoring of structures. In these configurations, drift ratios are the main parametric indicator of damage condition of a structure or component of a structure. Real-time measurement of displacements are acquired either by double integration of accelerometer time-series data, or by directly using GPS. Recorded sensor data is then related to the performance level of a building. Performance-based design method stipulates that for a building the amplitude of relative displacement of the roof of a building (with respect to its base) indicates its performance. Usually, drift ratio is computed using relative displacement between two consecutive floors. When accelerometers are used, determination of displacement is possible by strategically deploying them at a select number of pairs of consecutive floors. For these determinations, software is used to compute displacements and drift ratios in real-time by double integration of accelerometer data. However, GPS-measured relative displacements are limited to being acquired only at the roof with respect to its reference base. Thus, computed drift ratio is the average drift ratio for the whole building. Until recently, the validity of measurements using GPS was limited to long-period structures (T>1 s) because GPS systems readily available were limited to 10–20 samples per seconds (sps) capability. However, presently, up to 50 sps differential GPS systems are available on the market and have been successfully used to monitor drift ratios [1, Panagitou et al. (Seismic Response of ReinForced Concrete Wall Buildings, 2006)], (Restrepo, pers. comm. 2007) – thus enabling future usefulness of GPS to all types of structures. Several levels of threshold drift ratios can be postulated in order to make decisions for inspections and/or occupancy. Experience with data acquired from both accelerometers and GPS deployments indicates that they are reliable and provide pragmatic alternatives to alert the owners and other authorized parties to make informed decisions and select choices for pre-defined actions following significant events. Furthermore, recent adoption of such methods by financial and industrial enterprises is testimony to their viability.