cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Web-Based Video Lectures on Learning in Nursing Education: An Integrative Review.

Aim The purpose of this review was to explore what is known about the efficacy of web-based video lectures (WBVLs). Background Nurse educators have embraced innovations such as online, flipped, and blended learning. Such innovations are enhanced by WBVLs, but there has been limited research on effective design. Method A systematic search was conducted to identify studies of the efficacy of WBVL in nursing education between 2005 and 2017. An established framework was used to analyze the quality of studies. Results Findings from 11 studies revealed that students were satisfied with WBVL as supplement to or replacement for in-person lectures. Studies were hampered by lack of theory, methodological concerns, and an absence of experimental trials. Conclusion Findings suggest that the efficacy of WBVL may be equivalent to or better than in-person lectures. Future studies should be guided by pedagogical theory and focus on comparing design practices for WBVL.
Comparison of in vitro and in vivo oligomeric states of a wild type and mutant trimeric inner membrane multidrug transporter

Many membrane proteins exist and function as oligomers or protein complexes. Routine analytical methods involve extraction and solubilization of the proteins with detergents, which could disturb their actual oligomeric state. AcrB is a trimeric inner membrane multidrug transporter in E. coli. In previous studies, we created a mutant AcrBP223G, which behaves like a monomer when extracted from the cell membrane. However, the actual oligomeric state of AcrBP223G in cell membranes remained unclear, which complicated the interpretation of the mechanism by which the mutation affects function. Here we used several complementary methods to determine the oligomeric state of AcrBP223G in E. coli cell membranes. Two sets of quantitative fluorescent techniques were exploited. For these, we created fluorescent tagged AcrB, AcrB-CFP and AcrB-YPet. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) were employed to characterize independently the efficiency of energy transfer between co-expressed AcrB-CFP and AcrB-YPet, and the diffusion coefficient of AcrB-YPet and AcrBP223G-YPet in live E. coli cells. Second, we introduced Cys pairs at the inter-subunit interface and used controlled oxidation to probe inter-subunit distances. The results from all studies converge on the conclusion that AcrBP223G exists as a trimer in cell membranes, which dissociates during the purification steps. The small change in trimer affinity and structure leads to a significant loss of AcrB activity. In addition, throughout this study we developed protocols and established benchmark values, useful for further studies on membrane protein associations in cell membranes.
Peer Teachers with Autism Teaching 3D Modeling.

Few autism programmes address the needs of adolescents and young adults, and those that do are unlikely to include individuals with autism in the design and evaluation of the programme. This study ...
Training on the DSM-5 Cultural Formulation Interview improves cultural competence in general psychiatry residents: A pilot study

The objective of this study was to assess whether a 1-hour didactic session on the DSM-5 Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI) improves the cultural competence of general psychiatry residents. The main hypothesis was that teaching adult psychiatry residents a 1-hour session on the CFI would improve cultural competence. The exploratory hypothesis was that trainees with more experience in cultural diversity would have a greater increase in cultural competency scores. Psychiatry residents at a metropolitan, county hospital completed demographics and preintervention questionnaires, were exposed to a 1-hour session on the CFI, and were given a postintervention questionnaire. The questionnaire was an adapted version of the validated Cultural Competence Assessment Tool . Paired samples t tests compared pre- to posttest change. Hierarchical linear regression assessed whether pretraining characteristics predicted posttest scores. The mean change of total pre- and posttest scores was significant ( p = .002), as was the mean change in subscales Nonverbal Communications ( p < .001) and Cultural Knowledge ( p = .002). Demographic characteristics did not predict higher posttest scores (when covarying for pretest scores). Psychiatry residents' cultural competence scores improved irrespective of previous experience in cultural diversity. More research is needed to further explore the implications of the improved scores in clinical practice.
B-1 progenitor acute lymphoid leukemia.

In this issue of Blood, Yin et al demonstrated that engineered BCL6 interacting corepressor protein (Bcor) mutation in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells of sensitized mice induced acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) of B-1 progenitor phenotype, which has been recently identified by them. The intriguing aspect of this report is the complete penetrance of B-1 progenitor leukemia by Bcor mutation, which selectively developed among other various progenitors in the bone marrow (BM).
Theoretical Paradigm for Thermal Rectification via Phonon Filtering and Spectral Confinement

Significant thermal rectification has the potential to revolutionize approaches to controlled heat flow and enable breakthrough technologies such as phononic computing. We demonstrate a framework based on phonon population confinement and filtering that has potential to reach rectifications that are an order of magnitude larger than previous literature. With the use of a straightforward modification of the phonon gas model, we illustrate theoretical thermal rectification in a thin film of diamond (1--10 nm) graded to dimensions $g1\text{ }\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ of between 25% and 250%. Utilizing this mechanism for thermal rectification sets the stage for significant development in thermal devices.
Towards biocontrol of ophiostomatoid fungi by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria

ABSTRACTOphiostomatoid fungi, Leptographium terebrantis and Grosmannia huntii, are among the most important agents of wood blue stain and root disease of Pinus species. A number of physical, chemic...
Pore-scale mechanisms of immiscible and miscible gas injection in fractured carbonates

Abstract Oil recovery in fractured carbonates is low because of fracture-matrix permeability contrast, oil/mixed-wettability, and high capillary entry pressure. Gas injection can enhance oil recovery because gas-oil interfacial tension is less than water-oil interfacial tension and diminishes to zero towards miscibility. Nevertheless, pore-scale mechanisms of gas-oil displacement and diffusion within fractured systems are still poorly understood. We created a fractured system using a 1.1-cm long and 0.5-cm diameter Texas cream limestone core (matrix) immersed in sandpack (fracture). Immiscible (methane) and miscible (ethane) gas injections were conducted and monitored with X-ray computed microtomography at 10 µm resolution for oil saturation/concentration evolution. During immiscible displacements, matrix oil saturation change was cyclic instead of monotonic due to oil imbibition and vugs (10–300 µm) remained 100% oil saturated when the ultimate oil recovery was 10% in matrix and 78% in fracture. During miscible displacements, oil concentration monotonically decreased and vugs became 100% gas-filled at 50% overall matrix oil concentration. The ultimate oil recovery was 69% in matrix and 100% in fracture. The effective ethane diffusivity in fracture and matrix were estimated to be 5.07 × 10−5 and 1.70 × 10−6 cm2/s, respectively. Oil in vugs can be recovered only after invading intergranular pores (1–6 µm) connecting vugs. Fracture permeability determines the maximum pressure in the gas phase which must overcome the matrix capillary pressure to invade the matrix under immiscible conditions. Finally, spatial heterogeneity of effective diffusivity can exist in carbonates and create gravitationally-unstable oil concentration profiles both in lab and field scales under miscible conditions.
The impact of information-based interventions on conservation behavior: A meta-analysis

Abstract Interest in using information-based interventions to induce energy and water conservation has increased in recent years but have shown mixed evidence of their effectiveness. This paper seeks to answer two main questions - whether these programs are broadly effective in inducing conservation, and what are the most effective versions of these programs. Using a meta-analysis of 116 studies, we examine the effects of information-based interventions on residential customers' consumption of electricity, gas, and water. We find evidence of publication bias in this literature. After correcting for publication bias, meta-analysis results indicate that information-based interventions reduce consumption by an average of 6.24%, 95% CI [-10.72, -1.76]. In addition, we find that studies employing RCTs find smaller conservation effects, (-5.2%, 95% CI [−9.53, −0.51]). Our results show that the effectiveness of information-based interventions at the household level are significantly larger than those at the aggregate level (such as dorms and buildings). Finally, interventions with a shorter duration or with more frequent reporting show larger estimated effect sizes.
Cyber Competition and Global Stability

A paradigm shift in world order has been underway for nearly three decades. Microelectronics and networked computing systems have resulted in a compression of time and space. The consequence has meant an unprecedented global interconnectedness and interdependence never before known among peoples and locales. Underpinning new possibilities for economic development and innovation are vulnerable and unstable information and communication technology (ICT), operational technology (OT) and Platform IT (PIT) infrastructures which holistically are termed “cyberspace.” This domain is essential to economic development, national security, public safety, and modern civic discourse worldwide. Vulnerabilities in this fragile ecosystem are exploited constantly by governments, extremist organizations, and criminal groups. The terrain is blurred between public and private entities. Targets and exploits are in a constant state of upgrade, and competitors may be indistinct and ubiquitous. This chapter offers an analysis of the altering landscape of political, military, and economic competition in and by means of cyber. The chapter will outline societal dependence on IT, OT, and PIT. It will conclude with suggestions for how the global community may manage risks to assure cyber is an economic enabler enhancing human prosperity rather than a source of global instability and conflict.
Zn-ProPhenol Catalyzed Enantioselective Mannich Reaction of 2H-Azirines with Alkynyl Ketones.

The enantioselective Mannich reaction of 2H-azirines with alkynyl ketones is achieved under Zn-ProPhenol catalysis, delivering various aziridines with vicinal tetrasubstituted stereocenters in high...
SPEAR: a framework for Indigenous cultural games

Video games, which uniquely interweave design, code, art, and sound, can be an especially robust way to express Indigenous cultures. Such games should involve Indigenous people in meaningful roles throughout design and development from conceptualization to distribution with a focus on building capacity to encourage self-determination for Indigenous game developers. This call to action informs SPEAR (Sovereignty, Positionality, Equity, Advocacy, and Reciprocity), a framework for design and development informed by the Indigenous cultural game Thunderbird Strike .
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Selective Internal Radiotherapy With Yttrium-90 Versus Sorafenib in Locally Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma

PURPOSE:The recent sorafenib versus radioembolization in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (SARAH) and selective internal radiation therapy versus sorafenib in locally advanced hepatocellular carci...
The Role of the NKG2D in Vitiligo

Vitiligo is an acquired multifactorial disease that affects melanocytes and results in skin depigmentation. In this review, we examine the role of cells stress and self-reactive T cells responses. Given the canonical and non-canonical functions of NKG2D, such as authenticating stressed target and enhance TCR signaling, we examine how melanocyte stress leads to the expression of ligands that are recognized by the activating receptor NKG2D, and how its signaling results in the turning of T cells against self (melanocyte suicide by proxy). We also discuss how this initiation phase is followed by T cell perpetuation, as NKG2D signaling results in self-sustained long-lasting T cells, with improved cytolytic properties.
Predictors of change in BMI over 10 years among midlife and older adults: Associations with gender, CVD risk status, depressive symptoms, and social support.

Abstract Rationale Change in BMI is recognized as a key health indicator among midlife and older adults, though predictors of BMI change in this group have received little attention. Objective The aim of this study was to examine relations between hypothesized predictors (i.e., gender, cardiovascular disease [CVD] risk status, depressive symptoms, social support) and BMI change over 10 years, among midlife and older adults. Methods Participants were adults ages 50–74 at baseline (N = 5,688, 64% women) who completed four assessments over 10 years. Gender, CVD risk status (i.e., diagnosis of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, or both), depressive symptoms, and perceived social support were assessed at baseline, and BMI was calculated from height and weight reports at all assessments. Multilevel models tested for concurrent and prospective relations between predictors and BMI change (effect size estimates as semipartial correlation coefficients, sr), as well as whether observed relations were further moderated by baseline BMI category (underweight, healthy weight, overweight, or obese). Results Baseline BMI was higher among those with (vs. without) CVD risk, higher (vs. lower) depressive symptoms, and lower (vs. higher) social support; all of these relations were moderated by gender (ps Conclusions Although the predictors of interest were not associated with steady BMI decreases (which are associated with long term health risks for older adults), findings reveal unique patterns of change in BMI among subgroups of midlife and older adults, and may allow for early identification of those with noteworthy BMI changes after age 50.
Classifying Co-Resident Computer Programs Using Information Revealed by Resource Contention

Modern computer architectures are complex, containing numerous components that can unintentionally reveal system operating properties. Defensive security professionals seek to minimize this kind of exposure while adversaries can leverage the data to attain an advantage. This paper presents a novel covert interrogator program technique using light-weight sensor programs to target integer, floating point, and memory units within a computer's architecture to collect data which can be used to match a running program to a known set of programs with up to 100\% accuracy under simultaneous multithreading conditions. This technique is applicable to a broad spectrum of architectural components, does not rely on specific vulnerabilities, nor requires elevated privileges. Furthermore, this research demonstrates the technique in a system with operating system containers intended to provide isolation guarantees which limit a user's ability to observe the activity of other users. In essence, this research exploits observable noise that is present whenever a program executes on a modern computer. This paper presents interrogator program design considerations, a machine learning approach to identify models with high classification accuracy, and measures the effectiveness of the approach under a variety of program execution scenarios.
Successful Strategies to Exploit the Intersection Between the Radiation Oncology Department and the Cancer Center

The following chapter discusses ways in which the intersection of radiation and oncology with the cancer center can create novel academic radiation oncology career paths, methods for discovering and accessing cancer center resources, and hypothetical examples of radiation oncology careers enhanced by cancer center support.
Muscle torques provide more sensitive measures of post-stroke movement deficits than joint angles

Abstract The whole repertoire of complex human motion is enabled by forces applied by our muscles and controlled by the nervous system. The of stroke on the complex multi-joint motor control is difficult to quantify in a meaningful way that informs about the underlying deficit in the active motor control and intersegmental coordination. We tested the idea that post-stroke deficit can be quantified with high sensitivity using motion capture and inverse modeling of a broad range of reaching movements. Our hypothesis is that muscle moments estimated based on active joint torques provide a more sensitive measure of post-stroke motor deficits than joint angle and angular velocity. The motion of twenty-two participants was captured while performing reaching movements in a center-out task, presented in virtual reality. We used inverse dynamics analysis to derive active joint torques that were the result of muscle contractions, termed muscle torques, that caused the recorded multi-joint motion. We then applied a novel analysis to separate the component of muscle torque related to gravity compensation from that related to intersegmental dynamics. Our results show that individual reaching movements can be characterized with higher information content using muscle torques rather than joint angles. Moreover, muscle torques allow for distinguishing between the individual motor deficits due to aging or stroke from the typical differences in reaching between healthy individuals. This novel quantitative assessment method may be used in conjunction with home-based gaming motion-capture technology for remote monitoring of motor deficits and inform the development of evidence-based robotic therapy interventions. New and Noteworthy Functional deficits seen in task performance have biomechanical underpinnings, seen only through the analysis of forces. Our study has shown that estimating muscle moments can quantify with high sensitivity post-stroke deficits in intersegmental coordination. An assessment developed based on this method could help quantify less observable deficits in mildly affected stroke patients. It may also bridge the gap between evidence from studies of constrained or robotically manipulated movements and research with functional and unconstrained movements.
Memory politics and the study of crises in International Relations: insights from Ukraine and Lithuania

How could research on memory politics in Eastern Europe speak to the wider concerns of International Relations (IR)? This article argues that research on historical memory (politics) that is common in area studies could help to rethink the study of crises in IR by demonstrating how crises change discourses and yield opportunities for memories to be challenged and defended – not only by the ‘strong’, but also by the ‘weak’ (or ‘peripheral’) actors. It further shows how conflicts over memory can become new crises. To illustrate this argument, the paper presents a comparative study of memory politics in Ukraine and Lithuania, tracing major discursive changes, their domestic and international impact, and offering a depiction of how hegemonic historical accounts were created before and during the 2013/2014 crisis in Ukraine and how they were contested in the aftermath of the crisis. By linking the study of international crises to memory politics of ‘weak’ actors, this paper attempts to develop a ‘provincialising’ platform for global IR.
The Association between Sleep and Psychological Distress among New York City Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic

BACKGROUND: Healthcare workers (HCWs) treating patients with COVID-19 report psychological distress. We examined whether disturbed sleep was associated with psychological distress in New York City (NYC) HCWs during the initial peak of the COVID-19 pandemic (April-May 2020). METHODS: HCWs completed a survey screening for acute stress (4-item Primary Care PTSD screen), depressive (Patient Health Questionaire-2), and anxiety (2-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale) symptoms. Insomnia symptoms (modified item from the Insomnia Severity Index) and short sleep (SS, sleep duration <6 hours/day) were assessed. Poisson regression analyses predicting psychological distress from SS and insomnia symptoms, adjusting for demographics, clinical role/setting, redeployment status, shifts worked, and multiple comparisons were performed. RESULTS: Among 813 HCWs (80.6% female, 59.0% white) mean sleep duration was 5.8±1.2 hours/night. Prevalence of SS, insomnia, acute stress, depressive, and anxiety symptoms were 38.8%, 72.8%, 57.9%, 33.8%, and 48.2%, respectively. Insomnia symptoms was associated with acute stress (adjusted prevalence ratio [PR]: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.35, 1.69), depressive (PR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.78, 2.33), and anxiety (PR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.55, 1.94) symptoms. SS was also associated with acute stress (PR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.29), depressive (PR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.233, 1.51), and anxiety (PR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.26, 1.50) symptoms. LIMITATIONS: Our cross-sectional analysis may preclude the identification of temporal associations and limit causal claims. CONCLUSIONS: In our study, SS and insomnia were associated with psychological distress symptoms in NYC HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sleep may be a target for interventions to decrease psychological distress among HCWs.
Learning impairments identified early in life are predictive of future impairments associated with aging

The Morris water maze (MWM) behavioral paradigm is commonly used to measure spatial learning and memory in rodents. It is widely accepted that performance in the MWM declines with age. However, young rats ubiquitously perform very well on established versions of the water maze, suggesting that more challenging tasks may be required to reveal subtle differences in young animals. Therefore, we have used a one-day water maze and novel object recognition to test whether more sensitive paradigms of memory in young animals could identify subtle cognitive impairments early in life that might become accentuated later with senescence. We have found that these two tasks reliably separate young rats into inferior and superior learners, are highly correlated, and that performance on these tasks early in life is predictive of performance at 12 months of age. Furthermore, we have found that repeated training in this task selectively improves the performance of inferior learners, suggesting that behavioral training from an early age may provide a buffer against age-related cognitive decline.
Nuclear Medicine, Computers in

Nuclear medicine (NM) is a medical specialty where radioactive agents are used to obtain medical images for diagnostic purposes, and to a lesser extent treat diseases (e.g., cancer). Since imaging is where computers find their most significant application in NM, imaging will be the focus of this article. Keywords: nuclear medicine; NM; radioactive agents; CT; MRI; computers
Early adversity, RSA, and inhibitory control: Evidence of children's neurobiological sensitivity to social context

This study examined parasympathetic physiology as a moderator of the effects of early adversity (i.e., child abuse and neglect) on children’s inhibitory control. Children’s respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) was assessed during a resting baseline, two joint challenge tasks with mother, and an individual frustration task. RSA assessed during each of the joint parent–child challenge tasks moderated the effects of child maltreatment (CM) status on children’s independently-assessed inhibitory control. No moderation effect was found for RSA assessed at baseline or in the child-alone challenge task. Among CM-exposed children, lower RSA levels during the joint task predicted the lowest inhibitory control, whereas higher joint task RSA was linked to higher inhibitory control scores that were indistinguishable from those of non-CM children. Results are discussed with regard to the importance of considering context specificity (i.e., individual and caregiver contexts) in how biomarkers inform our understanding of individual differences in vulnerability among at-risk children.
Chapter III An Outline of the Proof

Publisher Summary The chapter presents an outline of the proof of the Smith conjecture with illustrations of theorems. Making some reductions, the chapter proceeds to sketch an argument to complete the proof with the help of a few case studies. The techniques are those of classical piecewise-linear (PL) topology, plus an essential new fact—namely, the equivariant version of Dehn's lemma and the loop theorem. The hypotheses of one of these cases are exactly those of Thurston's uniformization theorem, which argues that Σ–K admits a hyperbolic structure. This representation is automatically irreducible. At this point, the argument becomes purely algebraic. A flow chart shown in the chapter gives a pictorial representation of the logical structure of the argument in support of the proof.
Optimal control of discrete stochastic 2-D systems

The author obtains dynamic programming equations for the control of a nonlinear stochastic finite-difference equation in "two-dimensional time". The stochastic perturbations are random fields of "white noise" type on a two-dimensional lattice. Two different types of dynamic programming equations are obtained, corresponding to qualitatively different sets of admissible control policies.
TIME-DOMAIN STRUCTURAL RESPONSE SIMULATION IN A SHORT-CRESTED SEA.

The responses of an offshore tower due to short-crested and long-crested ocean waves are investigated. A time-domain analysis is performed utilizing the recently developed method of generating sample functions of random processes. Numerical results include time histories of the water particle velocity and acceleration for ocean waves generated by mean wind velocity of 33 ft/sec (10 m/s) and 66 ft/sec (20 m/s) and also time histories of the tower response due to long-crested and short-crested seas. A direct comparison has been made between the responses obtained for long-crested and short-crested sea waves. 15 references, 7 figures, 1 table.
Mass transfer resistances in hollow fiber pervaporation

Abstract The pervaporation of chloroform–water solutions across polysulfone hollow fibers thinly coated with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is largely controlled by mass transfer in the feed. The mass transfer coefficients in the feed agree closely with literature correlations for cross flow on the shell side of baffled modules. They do not agree with literature correlations for lumen flow, probably because the flows here are at Reynolds numbers in the transition region. The mass transfer resistance of the coated fiber itself is consistent with the known properties of PDMS. The mass transfer resistances on the permeate side are negligible.
Magnetic dipole transitions in the vicinity of 208 Pb

Abstract Magnetic dipole transition rates are calculated in the vicinity of 208 Pb. The effects of core polarizatino and mesonic exchange currents, which seem to be the two main mechanisms to renormalize the nuclear M1 operator, are taken into account. The calculated rates are in impressive agreement with the recent measurements made by the Chalk River Group. The effect of exchange currents competes with that of core polarization in l -forbidden M1 transitions, but the former is negligible in allowed M1 transitions. The reason for this is clarified.
Supramolecular self-assembly involving cooperative use of dative coordinate, secondary and hydrogen bonding in solid [(Me3Sn)3(μ-OH)2]+Br−

Abstract Trinuclear Sn3(μ-OH)2 moieties formed through coordinate dative bonds are associated into chains through secondary Sn⋯Br− interactions and further self-assembled in a three-dimensional network through O–H⋯Br− hydrogen bonds.
A measurement tool to assess hand kinematics and kinetics in piano players

The purpose of this study was to design and develop a measurement tool and protocol to measure hand posture and finger loads during piano playing and to study the relationship between palmar arch and associated forces generated when pressing keys during piano playing. Information gained from developing a system to study these parameters will ultimately provide piano players and instructors with information to enhance playing performance as well as strategies to reduce hand injuries and playing related pain.Copyright © 2011 by ASME
Poverty, Place or Race: Causes of the Retail Gap in Smaller U.S. Cities

In this study we explore the possibility that any or all of three dimensions of the U.S. inner city, central location, relatively low income, and a relatively high percentage of minority residents, correlate with a relative lack of neighborhood retail services, the so-called retail gap. Our empirical analysis is based on zip code level data for 39 U.S. cities with populations from 50 to 225 thousand people. After specifying an empirical model based on hypotheses drawn from the urban economics, urban studies, and urban development literature, we test access to retail services using both geographical density and per capita retail measures. While several results from this study are worthy of discussion, our primary empirical finding is that neighborhoods with high percentages of African-Americans are systematically under-served by retail, all else equal, while Latino, low income, or otherwise centrally located neighborhoods are not. We then test a selection of product categories for retail density, finding some differing results by product category but verifying our more general conclusions for most products. Finally, we find that grocery stores have significantly smaller scale in African-American communities, a finding that provides partial support for the urban “food desert” hypothesis. These findings suggest that the inner city retail gap may be more of a racial than geographic issue, and that increased emphasis on racial composition is warranted in the retail development policies applied to smaller U.S. cities.
Mesure de l'activité acidifiante des bactéries lactiques thermophiles utilisées pour la fabrication des fromages à pâte cuite

La methode est basee sur la mesure de l'evolution du pH dans un lait ecreme reconstitue. Le lait est inocule a 1% avec une suspension bacterienne. L'incubation a lieu dans un bain-marie dont la temperature reproduit l'evolution de celle du caille pendant les 24 premieres heures d'une fabrication standard de fromage a pâte cuite. Les mesures effectuees sur 52 cultures commerciales et 80 souches pures de bacteries lactiques thermophiles montrent qu'il existe une tres grande diversite d'activite acidifiante. La methode mise au point peut etre utilisee aussi bien pour selectionner des souches que pour controler des cultures commerciales
Sequoia 2000 metadata schema for satellite images

Sequoia 2000 schema development is based on emerging geospatial standards to accelerate development and facilitate data exchange. This paper focuses on the metadata schema for digital satellite images. We examine how satellite metadata are defined, used, and maintained. We discuss the geospatial standards we are using, and describe a SQL prototype that is based on the Spatial Archive and Interchange Format (SAIF) standard and implemented in the Illustra object-relational database.
The Impact of American Media Exposure and Self-Esteem on Chinese Urban Adolescent Purchasing Involvement

This study based on a sample of 429 Beijing high school students shows that Chinese urban adolescents’ purchasing involvement can be predicted by the adolescents’ self-esteem. Individuals’ self-evaluation motivates them to get involved in family purchasing activities. This study suggests that Chinese consumer involvement is potentially shaped by both cognitive factors (e.g., self-esteem) and social factors (e.g., media use). However, the study indicates that exposure to American mass media does not have significant impact on adolescents’ family purchasing involvement. This finding raises possibilities for further investigation in the area. Limitations and suggestions for future studies are provided.
Rituximab therapy for myopathy associated with anti-signal recognition particle antibodies: A case series

Myositis-specific or myositis-associated antibodies are detected in approximately 50% of patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) and help to define subgroups of patients with certain distinguishing clinical features1–2. Anti-signal recognition particle (SRP) autoantibodies are myositis-specific antibodies found in 4–6% of patients with IIM 2–3. These antibodies are directed against SRP, a ribonuclear protein particle that regulates protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane during protein synthesis. Studies have demonstrated that anti-SRP myopathy appears distinct from polymyositis (PM) and other idiopathic inflammatory myopathies by its clinical features and histopathology3–6. Patients with anti-SRP antibodies often present clinically with a severe myopathy characterized by markedly elevated serum creatine kinase (CK) levels and rapidly progressive proximal muscle weakness leading to significant disability. On histopathology, anti-SRP patients demonstrate a necrotizing myopathy without primary inflammation; however several studies have demonstrated MHC-1 immunostaining, and most histopathologic studies have found capillary pathology with deposition of the terminal components of complement (C5b-9), membrane attack complex.4–6 Anti-SRP myopathy also differs from other immune-mediated myopathies by its characteristically poor responsiveness to steroid monotherapy and conventional immunosuppressive therapies. Although the pathophysiologic role of B cells as causative agents in several autoimmune diseases is not entirely understood, several off-label studies have shown efficacy of the B cell depleting therapy rituximab, an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, in diseases that can be treatment refractory such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)7, rheumatoid arthritis (RA)8, and systemic vasculitides9. B cell depletion therapy has also been an encouraging option for patients with PM, dermatomyositis (DM), and juvenile DM in several case series10–12. Thus far, reports of rituximab’s efficacy in treatment of anti-SRP myopathy have been mixed. A recent case report described poor clinical response to rituximab in two anti-SRP patients13. However, an earlier investigation by Lambotte et al. of two patients with refractory anti-SRP myopathy demonstrated marked and sustained clinical response to the combination of prednisone, plasma exchange, and repeated courses of rituximab.14 In this case series, we report the characteristics of eight patients with anti-SRP myopathy and their dramatic response to B cell depletion therapy when their disease was refractory to traditional therapeutic agents.
An algorithm for replicated directories

This paper describes a replication algorithm for directory objects based upon Gifford's weighted voting for files. The algorithm associates a version number with each possible key on every replica and thereby resolves an ambiguity that arises when directory entries are not stored in every replica. The range of keys associated with a version number changes dynamically; but in all instances, a separate version number is associated with each entry stored on every replica. The algorithm exhibits favorable availability and concurrency properties. There is no performance penalty for associating a version number with every possible key except on Delete operations, and simulation results show this overhead is small.
In Vivo Actuation System for Mechanostimulation of Large Wound Healing

The incidence of large open wounds in the US is estimated to be about 5–7 million per year which results in a cost of greater than $20 billion for wound management [1]. Large open wounds occur due to burns, trauma, and secondary to surgical interventions, ulcers or pressure sores. The current clinical practice is to treat large open wounds by delayed primary closure where skin is stretched under constant tension to approximate wound edges by relying on the extensibility of the neighboring skin, by skin grafting or by managing the wound to heal by second intention. Delayed primary closure is inapplicable when the strength of the skin is compromised (e.g. age, diabetes). Furthermore, delayed primary closure usually leads to excessive wound tension which introduces hypertrophic scars [2] and ischemia [3] to the skin and the underlying muscles. Skin autografts may result in morbidity of the donor site. Therefore, there is the need for noninvasive methods which will enable large wound closure in a reasonable time frame with minimal scar formation while alleviating or reducing the need for skin graft harvest.Copyright © 2011 by ASME
Aflatoxin B1 affects feed consumption in male rats through an action on the central nervous system

Aflatoxins (AFTs), secondary metabolites of the biodeteriogens Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus, include aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), which is hepatocarcinogenic, can cause cellular and tissue damage and because its chemical composition is similar to that of certain steroids, may exhibit some pathological activities similar to those of steroids. The latter can suppress feed consumption by acting upon the central nervous system. Here, is reported the results of an investigation designed to assess whether this biodeteriogen could alter either feed consumption or plasma glucose levels. Male Sprague-Dawley rats maintained for two weeks upon laboratory rat chow were subjected to either intracerebroventricular (ICV) or intravenous (IV) injections of both AFB1 and estradiol. Both non-injected and carrier-injected (0·9% NaCl) animals served as controls. Following fasting for 21 h, the rats were provided with a weighed amount of feed and both feed consumption and plasma glucose levels quantified during the 22nd, 23rd and 24th hour. Both ICV injections of 10 and 100 ng AFB1 and IV injections of 1 and 10 μg AFB1 kg−1 significantly (p < 0·01) suppressed daily feed intake, but did not affect plasma glucose levels. This supports the hypothesis that AFB1 suppresses feed intake probably through action upon the central nervous system. If true, this action as well as the toxic and carcinogenic aspects, further support the need for the prevention and/or removal of the mycotoxin from food and feed.
Transport of Axl2p Depends on Erv14p, an ER–Vesicle Protein Related to the Drosophila cornichon Gene Product

COPII-coated ER-derived transport vesicles from Saccharomyces cerevisiae contain a distinct set of membrane-bound polypeptides. One of these polypeptides, termed Erv14p (ER–vesicle protein of 14 kD), corresponds to an open reading frame on yeast chromosome VII that is predicted to encode an integral membrane protein and shares sequence identity with the Drosophila cornichon gene product. Experiments with an epitope-tagged version of Erv14p indicate that this protein localizes to the ER and is selectively packaged into COPII-coated vesicles. Haploid cells that lack Erv14p are viable but display a modest defect in bud site selection because a transmembrane secretory protein, Axl2p, is not efficiently delivered to the cell surface. Axl2p is required for selection of axial growth sites and normally localizes to nascent bud tips or the mother bud neck. In erv14Δ strains, Axl2p accumulates in the ER while other secretory proteins are transported at wild-type rates. We propose that Erv14p is required for the export of specific secretory cargo from the ER. The polarity defect of erv14Δ yeast cells is reminiscent of cornichon mutants, in which egg chambers fail to establish proper asymmetry during early stages of oogenesis. These results suggest an unforeseen conservation in mechanisms producing cell polarity shared between yeast and Drosophila.
Rotational inertia and multimodal heaviness perception.

Perceived heaviness of wielded objects has been shown to be a function of the objects’ rotational inertia—the objects’ resistance to rotational acceleration. Studies have also demonstrated that if virtual objects rotate faster than the actual wielded object (i.e., a rotational gain is applied to virtual object motion), the wielded object is perceived as systematically lighter. The present research determined whether combining those inertial and visual manipulations would influence heaviness perception in a manner consistent with an inertial model of multimodal heaviness perception. Rotational inertia and optical rotational gain of wielded objects were manipulated to specify inertia multimodally. Both visual and haptic manipulations significantly influenced perceived heaviness. The results suggest that rotational inertia is detected multimodally and that multimodal heaviness perception conforms to an inertial model.
Effects of concrete cracking on the earthquake response of gravity dams

Tensile stresses exceeding the tensile strength of concrete can develop in concrete dams subjected to earthquake ground motion. This study examines the earthquake response of gravity dams including tensile cracking of the concrete. The interaction between the dam and compressible water is included in the analysis using a numerical procedure for computing the non-linear dynamic response of fluid-structure systems. The crack band theory is used to model tensile cracking with modifications to allow for the large finite elements necessary for dam analysis. The earthquake response of a typical gravity dam monolith shows that concrete cracking is an important non-linear phenomenon. Cracking is concentrated near the base of the dam and near the discontinuities in the face slope. The extensive cracking, which develops due to ground motion typical of maximum credible earthquakes, may affect the stability of dams during and after strong earthquakes.
Black or Blue: Racial Profiling and Representative Bureaucracy

Are there conditions under which minority bureaucrats are less likely to provide active representation? The authors address this question by testing the link between passive and active representation for race in a police department and in the particular instance of racial profiling. Literature from three areas—racial profiling, representative bureaucracy, and police socialization—is brought together. The findings support the hypothesis that organizational socialization can hinder the link between passive and active representation. Furthermore, the authors find that the presence of black police officers is related to an increase in racial profiling in the division. This finding was unexpected and raises several important questions regarding active representation and race.
Wingstroke frequency of dragonflies (Odonata: Anisoptera) in relation of temperature and body size

1. Wingstroke frequency during pre-flight warm-up, fixed flight, and self-supported flight on a tether was measured at several body temperatures (Tb) in anisopterous dragonflies. 2. Frequency increases as body size (mass or wing length) decreases and asTb increases. The change in frequency for a given change in size is greater during flight than warm-up at any givenTb, while the rate of increase with temperature is greater during warm-up, regardless of size. 3. The relationship of frequency during flight to wing length departs significantly from that predicted by the harmonic oscillator model of Greenewalt (1960), but the discrepancy can be explained in part by the absence of geometric similarity among dragonflies. Scaling of frequency during warm-up is substantially further still from predictions of the model, and in these circumstances the fundamental harmonic frequency probably is not realized. 4. Among flying insects generally, the fit to the oscillator model is somewhat better than in dragonflies alone and is markedly improved if differences in wing-loading are also taken into account. 5. Linear regressions of frequency onTb fit the data about as well as exponential regressions. Regardless of the regression model used, temperature sensitivity of wingstroke frequency during flight is lower than that of most biological processes. The difference in temperature response between warm-up and flight frequencies is consistent with the different functions of these behaviors. 6. During warm-up the quantity of heat produced per wingstroke increases with increasingTb in small but not in large dragonflies.
A tabu search experience in production scheduling

During the last four years, tabu search has been shown to be a remarkably effective method in solving difficult combinatorial optimization problems. Nowhere has this success been more marked than in the timely and very important area of production scheduling. In this paper, we review some of the research that has contributed to that success. We also give a synthesis of the various tabu search mechanisms that have been employed, giving special attention to advances that have led to major improvements. In the final section of the paper, we suggest directions for future research.
Serpentine Dehydration Curves and their Bearing on Serpentinite Deformation in Orogenesis

Serpentinite bodies characteristically occur in regions that have undergone an orogenesis of alpine type. The more recent recognition that significant quantities of serpentinites are associated with the oceanic crust, oceanic trenches and mid-oceanic ridges extends the possible role of serpentinites in tectonic processes which involve the crust and upper mantle. Thus the experimental deformation of serpentinite at high pressures and temperatures has important implications for theories of the tectonic emplacement of serpentinites and principal tectonic processes such as mountain building. Raleigh and Paterson have found that at low temperatures and high pressures serpentine has strength comparable with granite. With an increase in temperature sealed specimens showed marked weakening accompanied by the development of brittleness.
Uniform basic data sets for health statistical systems.

The United States approach to coordinating health statistics involves introduction of multipurpose basic data sets describing health status and the health care system. Standard reporting procedures have been used for many years for vital statistics. Recently designated data sets cover health manpower, inpatient facilities, short-stay hospital discharges, and use of ambulatory care services. A data set for long-term health care is in the design stage. Advantages of this approach in the United States and internationally are: basic comparisons can be made between health care settings are geographic areas while maintaining the variety and flexibility of existing public and private information systems; shared local, regional, and national data systems can be set up; and better coordination can be achieved between government-sponsored general-purpose and administrative data systems. Problem areas are: avoiding undue proliferation, e.g. of disease-specific data sets; adhering to the principle of minimal requirements; linking data sets and coordinating them with census and other social indicators; promoting widespread use; assuring data quality; establishing mechanisms for review and revision; and extending the concept internationally.