cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effects of black shale weathering on the mobility of rhenium and platinum group elements

Radiogenic Os from the continents dominates the late Cenozoic marine Os budget. A variety of proposed radiogenic sources includes organic-rich sediments, Precambrian shields, and Re-rich sulfides. Identifying the dominant sources of radiogenic Os to the oceans has a strong impact on past climate models because weathering of silicates acts as a net sink of CO 2 , whereas weathering of organic matter acts as a source. Here we investigate the effects of black shale weathering on the integrity of the Re-Os isotope system and release of Re and platinum group elements. Time-correlative pairs of fresh (drill core) and weathered (outcrop) black shales of Late Ordovician age (Utica Shale magnafacies, Quebec) were analyzed for Re, Os, Ir, Pt, and Pd, as well as total S, N, and C (as C carb and C org ). The results indicate that 25%–64% of the initial Re budget, 45%–90% of the Os budget, 14%–65% of the Ir budget, 60%–77% of the Pt budget, 69%–86% of the Pd budget, and 44%–96% of the C org budget are lost during weathering. We use positive correlations of Os, Pt, and Pd with C org and N to calculate the respective platinum group element concentrations in the unweathered organic matter end member as ∼3 ng/g Os, ∼9 ng/g Pt, and 11–24 ng/g Pd. Although black shales make up
Alchemies of the Mind: Transmutation and Misrepresentation

INTRODUCTION The present chapter offers a number of applications of the ideas introduced in II.3 and IV.3. The basic argument is simple. When acting, people can have any number of motivations. Often, these motivations can be ranked in terms of how acceptable they are to the actor or to other people. In III.4, for instance, I suggested that among the Greeks justice, revenge, interest, and envy were ranked in that order. To act on a motivation that the actor finds unacceptable is painful. To act on a motivation that other people condemn is also painful. Typically, perhaps, the former pain is that of guilt, the latter that of shame. (Yet as we saw in III.2, people's emotions can make them feel ashamed as well as guilty.) To avoid pain, the actor has an incentive to transform the motivation from a less acceptable to a more acceptable one. The words “transform” and “transformation” are used here as general terms for two distinct species. On the one hand, a motivation may be transmuted into another that is more acceptable to the agent. This is an unconscious mechanism, operating “behind the back” of the person. On the other hand, the agent may consciously misrepresent his motivation to others. These two phenomena are the topics of V.2 and V.3 respectively.
A Method of Online Writeprint Identification Based on Principal Component Analysis

With the rapid development of Internet communication technologies, misuse of online messages for illegal purpose has become increasingly serious. The anonymous nature of online messages makes identity tracing a critical problem. We proposed a model of online write print identification based on principal component analysis for identifying authorship of online-message. The model use principal component analysis algorithm to achieve dimensionality reduction of feature-text matrix, the performance of identification model before and after using principal component analysis were compared by conducting the experiment on online reviews, and then the relationship of feature dimension and identification accuracy was analyzed. The experimental results based on consumers' reviews of online businesses showed that the model has good performance and efficiency while maintaining the high identification accuracy.
Fibrinogen, hematocrit, platelets in mild kidney dysfunction and the role of uric acid: an Italian male population study.

AIM To examine the relationship between some blood parameters and mild kidney dysfunction. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS A total of 719 Italian men aged 42 to 74 years from a population-based survey carried out in the town of Bollate (Milan). General linear models were used to examine the variations in plasma fibrinogen, hematocrit, platelet counts, mean platelet volume, and uric acid across levels of kidney function (estimated on the basis of glomerular filtration rate [GFR]), adjusting for age, education, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity (evaluated as TV watching, engaging in sport practice, and walking/cycling), waist circumference, arm muscle area, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, triglycerides, hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease history, and nonsteroid anti-inflammatory, diuretic, and antihypertensive drug use. RESULTS Plasma fibrinogen and hematocrit levels increased, and platelet counts and mean platelet volume significantly decreased as GFR fell to <80 or <70 mL/min per 1.73 m(2); stratified analysis revealed an association with serum uric acid levels. Alterations compatible with an increased cardiovascular risk were particularly evident among the participants with higher uric acid levels, whereas those indicative of platelet dysfunction were found among participants with lower levels. CONCLUSIONS Parameters affecting hemostasis and blood viscosity are altered when kidney function is only slightly reduced, and the patterns of these relationships seem to be influenced by the levels of serum uric acid, whose easy and inexpensive measurement could have prognostic value.
Sensorless Vector Control of Induction Machine with Low Speed Capability using MRAS with Drift and Inverter Nonlinearities Compensation

The performance of sensorless vector control schemes is seriously degraded at low speed operation, becoming impossible to operate constantly at standstill. There are three main reasons for this degradation in low speed senseless performance. First, offset on the estimation of the back-EMF that causes drift in the open integration of the stator model of the machine. Second, unaccounted nonlinearities of the inverter distort the back-EMF estimation. Finally, errors on the estimated machine parameters, mainly stator resistance cause phase error on the back-EMF estimation. This paper deals with the first two phenomenon to achieve sensorless stator flux orientation and speed feedback by means of an MRAS observer, down to fractions of a Hertz.
Economic Development and Property Rights: Time Limits on Land Ownership

This article discusses the relationship between economic development and one aspect of property rights, a statute of limitations defining time limits on ownership claims. The analysis centers on property rights in land. This article argues that the available development opportunities shape the time limits on ownership claims that maximize property values, which in turn creates an inherent underlying tension among the own- ers of different types of property in the economy. An implication for positive analysis is that economic growth and successful development create demands for changing this dimension of property rights. Other characteristics of the economy, such as the effi- ciency of the legal system, the quality of the public sector bureaucracy, and corruption, also affect the value-maximizing time limitations for different types of property. This article discusses implications of these relationships for developing countries and for property redevelopment in declining U.S. central cities.
Empirical and theoretical relations between wind, sea, and swell

Prior to the War there existed a wide gap between the theoretical knowledge of surface waves and the empirical knowledge of sea and swell, sea being defined as waves raised by the direct action of the wind, swell as waves that have emerged from a storm area and travel through regions of calm or weak winds. A few theoretical conclusions have been verified by experience. Thus, it had been established that the wind waves have, in general, the character of deep water waves for which speed, period, or length are interrelated.
A survey of industrial model predictive control technology

This paper provides an overview of commercially available model predictive control (MPC) technology, both linear and nonlinear, based primarily on data provided by MPC vendors. A brief history of industrial MPC technology is presented first, followed by results of our vendor survey of MPC control and identification technology. A general MPC control algorithm is presented, and approaches taken by each vendor for the different aspects of the calculation are described. Identification technology is reviewed to determine similarities and differences between the various approaches. MPC applications performed by each vendor are summarized by application area. The final section presents a vision of the next generation of MPC technology, with an emphasis on potential business and research opportunities. r 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Hereditary amyloidosis: description of a new american kindred with late onset cardiomyopathy

A family with hereditary amyloidosis characterized by peripheral neuropathy and cardiomyopathy is described. Lack of eye involvement sets their disease apart from the Indiana/Swiss familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy type II. The disease is of late onset; affected members die of cardiomyopathy after age 60. The late onset and lack of clinically significant neuropathy in several family members has led to misdiagnosis of the cardiomyopathy. Immunohistochemistry using antiprealbumin antiserum showed staining of amyloid deposits in nerve and heart.
Genome-wide linkage scan for prostate cancer susceptibility from the university of michigan prostate cancer genetics project: Suggestive evidence for linkage at 16q23

BACKGROUND Prostate cancer linkage studies have been used to localize rare and presumably highly penetrant cancer susceptibility genes. Underlying genetic heterogeneity, as well as the high sporadic background of the disease, has resulted in many signals that are often not reproducible between research studies. METHODS We conducted a SNP-based genome wide linkage scan on 131 Caucasian prostate cancer families participating in the University of Michigan Prostate Cancer Genetics Project (PCGP). RESULTS The strongest evidence for linkage was detected at 16q23 (LOD = 2.70 at rs1079635). Prostate cancer linkage to the same region of 16q23 has been observed by others and the region contains several strong candidate genes including the known prostate cancer tumor suppressor genes ATBF1 and WWOX. This linkage signal was not detected in our prior linkage study on 175 PCGP families, illustrating the genetic heterogeneity underlying prostate cancer susceptibility. CONCLUSIONS Further linkage studies in combination with tumor analyses from linked families are in progress to identify the putative hereditary prostate cancer gene at 16q23. Prostate 69:385–391, 2009. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Using identity credential usage logs to detect anomalous service accesses

For e-commerce companies providing online services, fraudulent access resulting from theft of identity credentials is a serious concern. Such online service providers deploy a variety of defenses and invest significant time and effort to the analysis of a large amount of log data to detect malicious activities and their impact. To reduce this burden, we explore the effectiveness of an anomaly detection based approach that relies on identity credential usage log records. More specifically, we use an anomaly-based metric to score the risk of each identity credential usage, e.g., a login request. Scores are determined based on categorical attribute values extracted from log records, such as timestamps. We utilize actual log data of login attempts to a university portal to evaluate the effectiveness of this approach. Our approach can work in conjunction with intrusion or fraud detection systems. It is also possible that stronger authentication can be required only when the risk score is high, which can help balance security and usability demands.
Problem evolution and solution in negotiation support systems

As background for an open forum on problem evolution and solution in negotiation support systems (NSS), the subject is discussed from the viewpoint of evolutionary systems design. Some important research areas in problem evolution and solution in NSS are noted. >
Diversity of body types in network television programming: A content analysis

This study uses content analysis to examine the diversity of men and women's body types on primetime network television programs and afternoon soap operas in order to compare male and female portrayals and to determine if the portrayals of both genders reflect the real population. The results show females are portrayed in a smaller range of body types and are more slender than males; heavier body types are less likely to be in romantic situations, wear revealing clothing, and are older than thin body types; and television body types are generally thinner than the real population.
Getting to know JAK.

Neoplastic clone dominance is key to disease progression. In this issue of Blood , Fleischman et al suggest that in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), neoplastic clone dominance is linked to JAK2V617F effects on responsiveness to and production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)–α.[1][1] This
Loop Re-Ordering and Pre-Fetching at Run-time

The order in which loop iterations are executed can have a large impact on the number of cache misses that an applications takes. A new loop order that preserves the semantics of the old order but has a better cache data re-use, improves the performance of that application. Several compiler techniques exist to transform loops such that the order of iterations reduces cache misses. This paper introduces a run-time method to determine the order based on a dependence-driven execution. In a dependence-driven execution, an execution traverses the iteration space by following the dependence arcs between the iterations.
Body Composition Prediction Equations for Elderly Men

Conclusions. The results of this study indicate that accurate and reliable anthropometric predictive equations can be developed for an active and healthy elderly male population. These equations may be used for accurate epidemiological testing of this group’s body composition variables.
Impact of distillers dried grains with solubles particle size on nutrient digestibility, DE and ME content, and flowability in diets for growing pigs

A study was conducted to determine the effect of particle size of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on DE and ME content, diet DM, energy, N, P digestibility, and diet fl owability for growing pigs. One DDGS source was processed through an Urshel Commitrol mill or a hammer mill to achieve mean particle sizes of 818, 595, and 308 μm. The basal control diet consisted of 96.8% corn with supplemental minerals and vitamins. Three experimental diets were formulated by replacing 30% of corn from the basal diet with DDGS of different particle sizes. Thirty-six growing pigs (initial BW of 40 ± 1.13 kg) were assigned to 1 of 4 treatments in a randomized complete block design according to their BW block and housed in individual metabolic crates for a 9-d adaptation period followed by a 4-d total collection of feces and urine. Pigs were provided ad libitum access to water and fed an amount of their respective experimental diets equivalent to 3% of the initial BW of each pig. Feed, feces, and urine samples were analyzed for DM, GE, N, and P and used to calculate diet apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD).Gross energy was also used to calculate DE and ME of diets as well as the DE and ME content of corn and DDGS with different particle sizes. Diet drained and poured angles of repose were measured using a modifi ed Hele-Shaw cell method to evaluate the diet fl owability. Inclusion of 30% DDGS with an average particle size of 308 μm improved (P 0.05) were found in N and P digestibility among the 3 DDGS diets. The DDGS particle size of 595 μm had greater (P < 0.05) DE but not ME compared with 818 μm DDGS, and DE and ME were not different between 308 and 595 μm. Compared with a 595 or 818 μm DDGS, grinding DDGS to 308 μm reduced diet fl owability as indicated by a greater (P < 0.05) drained angle of repose. These results suggested that for each 25 μm decrease in DDGS particle size from 818 μm to 308 μm, the ME contribution of DDGS to the diet is 13.46 kcal/kg DM, but diet fl owability will be reduced.
A comparative content analysis of face-to-face vs. asynchronous group decision making

A field experiment was conducted to analyze the process and contents of group discussions. Groups solved a case study either orally or through an asynchronous computer-mediated communication system. Findings show that asynchronous groups had broader discussions and submitted more complete reports than their face-to-face counterparts. However, there was no difference in the ability to transfer information from the discussion to the report; under both conditions, about 15% of the issues mentioned in the discussion were omitted from the final report. In terms of coordination, face-to-face teams covered the case study questions sequentially, while asynchronous groups were more focused on solving their general disagreements.
Propranolol-Induced Membrane Perturbation and the Metabolism of Phosphoinositides and Arachidonoyl Diacylglycerols in the Retina

The very active metabolic pathway for phosphatidic acid and phosphoinositides of the retina is affected greatly by the amphiphilic cation, propranolol. Propranolol, in addition to stimulating the synthesis of components of this pathway, also stimulates polyphosphoinositide degradation, probably due to the activation of a phospholipase C. Hence, propranolol stimulates the phosphoinositide cycle. This effect may be induced by a membrane perturbation caused by intercalation of the hydrophobic moiety of the drug in a membrane domain containing the components of the cycle. Exogenously added myo-inositol stimulates the synthesis of phosphatidylinositol and inhibits the propranolol-induced degradation of polyphosphoinositides suggesting that myo-inositol may modulate phosphoinositide metabolism. The use of propranolol as an experimental probe and the manipulation of phosphoinositide pathways by myo-inositol will prove useful in the study of the metabolism and function of phosphoinositides.
A COMPARISON OF PUPIL ACHIEVEMENT IN TEAM AND SELF-CONTAINED ORGANIZATIONS'

EARLY WORK by Pistor (21) and Wrights tone (25) suggests that any thoughtful attempt to improve elementary education will show gains in pupil atti tude, adjustment, and, most probably, achievement. Pitruzello (22) lamented that achievement was often the only dependent variable investigated when com paring teaching methods. However, the general public would probably look askance at any new teach ing method that improved pupils' personality, so cial adjustment, and interacting capabilities, yet lowered their academic achievement. Holmes and Harvey (8) felt that an effective teacher, sensitive to children's individuality, influenced achievement more than any type of grouping arrangement. There has been a serious lack of carefully con trolled studies in this area. Most sources have re ported no marked difference in achievement between team and self-contained organizations (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 15, 16, 19, 20). A few authors (17, 18) reported significantly better achievement on the part of the team organization. Only five of the sources listed above have direct reference to elementary school teams. Adams (1) reported especially favorable achievement for a fourth grade team, but Crandell and Piel (5) be lieved that fourth graders in their project would benefit more from a self-contained organization. The three other sources (3, 12, 16)found no signifi cant differences between elementary team and self contained organizations. At this time the literature does not provide evidence that achievement is su perior under either organizational approach, team or self-contained, on the elementary level. Although these writers considered achievement, personality adjustment, and classroom interaction in the main Office of Education, U. S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare report (14), only achievement is discussed here due to lack of space. METHOD
The Soul Purpose

The author underscores that in any worthwhile educational enterprise there is not one point to be learned—there are infinite points. Using Nicola Sellitto’s insightful "soul purpose" observation as a springboard, she stresses that having no single "point" to convey does not mean doing no teaching. Instead, it means recognizing what enhances the students’ sense of the world’s possibilities, and of their capacity to take part in them. It means keeping the students connected to the possibilities. Drawing on the work of Rauchwerk, Hawkins, Hughes-McDonnell, Cavicchi, Auger and others, she illustrates how teaching students in genuine open-ended settings—in which soul purposes are cultivated—fosters exploratory behaviour, making them eager and engaged learners.
Do outcomes after behavioral couples therapy differ based on the gender of the alcohol use disorder patient

Abstract Objective This naturalistic study (conducted from 1992 to 1998) of behavioral couples therapy (BCT) compared female and male alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients on improvement and on drinking and relationship outcomes after BCT. We also evaluated gender differences on presenting clinical problems and extent of BCT participation. Method Participants were 103 female and 303 male AUD patients (98.5% alcohol dependence, 1.5% alcohol abuse) and their heterosexual partners, mostly White in their forties. Couples received 20–22 BCT sessions over 5–6 months. Drinking outcomes were percentage days abstinent (PDA) and alcohol-related problems. Relationship outcome was Dyadic Adjustment Scale. Outcome data were examined at baseline, post-treatment, and 6- and 12-month follow-up. Presenting problems were demographics, alcohol problem severity, illicit drug use, emotional distress, and relationship adjustment. BCT participation was BCT attendance and BCT-targeted behaviors. Results We found few differences between female and male patients, who did not differ on improvement and outcomes after BCT. Both females and males showed significant large effect size improvements through 12-month follow-up on PDA and alcohol-related problems, and significant small to medium effect size improvements on relationship adjustment. Both females and males had high levels of BCT participation. Gender differences in presenting clinical problems (females being lower on age, years problem drinking, and baseline PDA, and higher on emotional distress) did not translate into gender differences in response to BCT. Conclusion Results showed no support for the suggestion that BCT might lead to greater improvement and better outcomes for female than male AUD patients on drinking or on relationship outcomes.
In Defense of Nepa: The Case of the Legacy Parkway

The Legacy Parkway NEPA process is notable more for its flaws than for its strengths. It took far longer than intended, was fraught with divisive controversy, and ultimately the FEIS was rejected by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit. Despite all of those problems, however, in the end the NEPA process (and the accompanying Clean Water Act analysis) served its intended purposes. It facilitated a broader public discussion of the values at stake in the controversy, and a wider consideration of alternatives. Litigation is never the preferred way to resolve disputes, and can be expensive, time-consuming, and even painful. The end result, however, was a project that will better serve the transportation needs of the corridor, but with less impact to the internationally significant wetlands and wildlife resources in the Great Salt Lake ecosystem. Examples such as Legacy should prompt the House NEPA Task Force to reconsider its recommendations, many of which would thwart rather than foster the most fundamental goals of NEPA.
Public or Protected by Copyright: How Federal Copyright Law and State Public Record Law Intersect

While United States copyright law precludes copyright protection for works produced by the federal government, state and local government agencies may claim copyright on their works. All government agencies may acquire copyrights from third parties, and with permission include copyrighted materials within their works. State and local governments must balance these copyrights with the requirements of their state’s public records law. Agency staff may mistakenly try to protect an agency copyright that does not in fact exist. Agency staff may also mistakenly believe that the agency’s copyright is waived once a record has been distributed or unwittingly contribute to infringement of copyright held by a third party by providing public record copies to the public. This paper explores the following question: Do state and local governments risk losing their copyright or risk contributory infringement of copyright by providing public records to the public?
Erasing Lines Between the Law School and the Liberal Arts Curricula

A Comment on "A Liberal Education in Law: Engaging the Legal Imagination through Research and Writing Beyond the Curriculum."
Reticulate Evolution In The Appalachian Aspleniums

To be able to postulate the course of evolution in a group of organisms on the basis of indirect evidence is one of the goals of phylogenetic research, since in many groups direct evidence is difficult or impossible to obtain. Occasionally a worker may be fortunate enough to confirm his indirect and comparative techniques by direct evidence, such as the discovery of a postulated ancestral type, or the production of a postulated form by hybridization experiments. In the present study of the evolution of the Appalachian Aspleniums, a complex group of small ferns of the eastern United States, the methods used have been indirect ones, morphological, anatomical, and cytological. But in future years it is to be expected that experimental proof of the conclusions of this study will be forthcoming. The indirect steps used as evidence of reticulate evolution in the Appalachian Aspleniums are thus subject to validation by direct tests. Wherry (1925, 1936) pointed out that the Appalachian Aspleniums "form a series showing intermediates between certain long-recognized species." His basic end-point species were five in number: Asplenium pinnatifidum (lobed spleenwort), A. montanum (mountain spleenwort), A. bradleyi (cliff spleenwort), A. platyneuron (ebony or brownstem spleenwort), and A. rhizophyllum (the walking-fern, usually treated as Camptosorus r-hizophyllus but for sake of simplicity retained in Asplenium here). Detailed studies of the morphology of these five end-
E-004 Cranial dural arteriovenous fistulas: asymptomatic cortical venous drainage portends less aggressive clinical course

Objective Cranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs) with cortical venous drainage (CVD) (Borden type 2 and 3) are reported to carry a 15% annual risk of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) or non-hemorrhagic neurological deficit (NHND). The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical course of type 2 and 3 dAVFs that present with ICH or NHND versus those that do not. Methods 28 patients with type 2 or 3 dAVFs were retrospectively evaluated. CVD was classified as asymptomatic (aCVD) if patients presented incidentally or with pulsatile tinnitus or orbital phenomena. CVD was classified as symptomatic (sCVD) if patients presented with ICH or NHND. Occurrence of new ICH or new or worsening NHND between diagnosis and disconnection of CVD or last follow-up (if not disconnected) was noted. Overall frequency of events was compared using Fisher9s exact test. Cumulative event free survival was compared using Kaplan–Meier analysis with log rank testing. Results Of 17 patients with aCVD, one (5.9%) developed ICH and none experienced NHND or death during the mean 4.1 years of follow-up. Of 11 patients with sCVD, two (18.2%) developed ICH and three (27.3%) suffered new or worsened NHND over the mean 2.4 years of follow-up. One of these patients subsequently died. Overall frequency of ICH or NHND was significantly lower in patients with aCVD versus sCVD (p=0.022). Respective annual event rates were 1.4% versus 19.0%. aCVD patients had significantly higher cumulative event free survival (p=0.0016). Conclusion Cranial dAVFs with aCVD may have a less aggressive clinical course than those with sCVD.
Influence of patterned concave depth and surface curvature on anodization of titania nanotubes and alumina nanopores.

Vertically aligned TiO2 nanotube and Al2O3 nanopore arrays have been obtained by pattern guided anodization with uniform concave depths. There are some studies about the effect of surface curvature...
Measuring Handover Communication during Transition of Care from the Neurointensive Care Unit to the General Neurology Ward (P07.238)

Objective: The purpose of this study was to ascertain the frequency of core handover element communication between providers during typical transitions of patient care from the NICU to the General Neurology Ward. Background A well-written, comprehensive discharge summary directed to a patient9s primary care doctor is critical in the future management of that patient9s health and safety after hospitalization. Another transition that is equally sensitive to effective communication occurs when a patient transfers from the Neurointensive Care Unit (NICU) to a General Neurology Ward. Characterization of current handover communication may guide practice improvement and development of a standardized handover procedure. Design/Methods: During 14 consecutive days, handover communication between the NICU team and the accepting General Neurology Ward team resident at the time of service transfer was monitored through interview of the receiving resident after the transfer of service. Pre-defined core handover elements included: patient name and room number; primary and secondary diagnoses; summary of hospital course to date; procedures performed; prognosis and anticipatory guidance; and expected plan. Each of the six core handover elements was assigned a point value of one and a cumulative score (0-6) was calculated for each handover communication. Results: Seven patients transferred service from the NICU to the General Neurology Ward during the study period. Handover scores were as follows: 0 – 57% (4/7), 1 – 14% (1/7), and 5 – 28% (2/7). The handover with a score of 1 included the name and room number and the two handovers with a score of 5 lacked an expected plan. Conclusions: In this small sample, the majority of patients transferred from the NICU to the General Neurology Ward had insufficient communication of core handover elements. These results suggest significant variability in handover communication during a high risk transfer of care. Standardization has the potential to improve patient safety and outcomes. Disclosure: Dr. Carrigan has nothing to disclose. Dr. Floyd has nothing to disclose. Dr. Woessner has nothing to disclose. Dr. Freeman has nothing to disclose. Dr. Barrett has nothing to disclose.
The Neural Basis of Coordination in Social Decision-Making: Evidence from Lewy Body Spectrum Disorder (IN4-1.010)

Objective: Demonstrate that patients with Lewy body spectrum disorder (LBSD), including Parkinson9s disease (PD), PD dementia (PDD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), have impaired decision-making related to frontal/executive dysfunction. Background Individuals often coordinate with each other when making decisions. For example, we provide a less typical boy9s name in a random list ( John =9%) than when instructed to coordinate responses with another participant ( John =50%; Mehta, 1994). We propose that coordination is supported by a probabilistic mechanism that evaluates the likelihood of a response (e.g., John is more frequent than Alfred ) and a hierarchical control mechanism that models a partner9s response (e.g., I think my partner will respond John ). Areas of dorsolateral and rostral prefrontal cortex (PFC) have been implicated in probabilistic and hierarchical control mechanisms, respectively. Design/Methods: LBSD patients (PD=9; PDD/DLB=12) and healthy elderly controls (N=22) answered 10 questions probing various semantic categories (e.g., a boy9s name). In the Survey condition, participants could provide any response. In the Coordination condition, participants were instructed to respond with the same answer they think an anonymous partner would give. Responses were quantified using a measure of semantic representativeness, the focal index (FI; e.g., Alfred has a lower FI than John ). Patients underwent neuropsychological testing. Volumetric MRI analysis related cortical thinning to coordination performance. Results: An FI-difference score (Coordination-Survey) confirmed that while PD patients coordinate similarly to seniors, PDD/DLB patients are significantly impaired when asked to coordinate their responses [t(32)=2.54, p Conclusions: PDD/DLB patients have impaired coordination related to frontal/executive dysfunction. We suggest a degraded decision-making network in these patients involving areas of PFC related to probability estimation and hierarchical control mechanisms. Supported by: NIH grants NS44266, NS53488, AG15116, AG17586, AG32953, and HD060406, as well as the Wyncote Foundation. Disclosure: Dr. Goldmann Gross has nothing to disclose. Dr. McMillan has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kitain has nothing to disclose. Dr. Rascovsky has nothing to disclose. Dr. Clark has nothing to disclose. Dr. Grossman has nothing to disclose.
Sodium- and chloride-conductive pathways in cultured mouse tracheal epithelium.

The utility of a transgenic murine model of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease will likely depend on whether the mouse's proximal airway epithelium is characterized by Na(+)- and Cl(-)-conductive pathways comparable to those found in human airways. Therefore, the electrophysiological properties of primary cultures of mouse tracheal epithelium (MTE) were investigated using double-barreled, Cl(-)-selective microelectrodes. Epithelial cells isolated from freshly excised mouse tracheae formed confluent polarized monolayers on permeable collagen supports and developed significant transepithelial potential differences (approximately -10 mV) within 5-6 days postseeding. Under basal conditions, the MTE monolayers had an equivalent short-circuit current (Ieq) of -21.1 +/- 2.1 microA/cm2 and a transepithelial resistance of 424 +/- 49 omega.cm2. Intracellular measurements indicated that the apical (Va) and basolateral (Vb) membrane potential differences were -16.9 +/- 1.5 and -25.4 +/- 1.5 mV, respectively; apical membrane fractional resistance was 0.36 +/- 0.03; and intracellular Cl- activity was 56.1 +/- 2.3 mM. The presence of an apical Na+ conductance was demonstrated by luminal amiloride application (10(-4)M), which decreased Ieq, hyperpolarized Va, and increased the fractional resistance of the apical membrane. The presence of an apical Cl- conductance was demonstrated by substitution of Cl- with gluconate in the luminal bath, which decreased intracellular Cl- activity and increased the fractional resistance of the apical membrane. Luminal application of ATP (10(-4) M was also found to increase the rate of Cl- secretion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The 1994 G. Brohée Lecture (Los Angeles). The scientification of gastroenterology during the 20th century.

At the occasion of the Georges Brohee Lecture presented at the 10th World Congress of Gastroenterology in Los Angeles (1994), the author makes a brief history of Georges Brohee (1887-1957), Belgian Surgeon and Radiologist who promoted modern Gastroenterology, in particular by founding the Belgian Society of Gastroenterology in 1928 and by organizing the first International Congress of Gastroenterology in Brussels in 1935. His continuing efforts culminated in the constitution of the "Organisation Mondiale de Gastro-enterologie" (OMG) which prepared the first World Congress of Gastroenterology for 1958. In the second part, the author continues his description of the scientific development of Gastroenterology during the 20th century. The following topics are treated: gastrointestinal endoscopy, enteric microflora with emphasis on the discovery of Helicobacter pylori, of Tropheryma Whippleii and of antibacterial agents, gastrointestinal immunology.
Concordance between partners in “intimate terrorism”: A comparison of two typologies

This article analyses "Intimate Terrorism" (IT) in relationships of 14,252 university student couples. A unique conceptual and methodological contribution is conceptualizing and measuring IT at the couple-level using Dyadic Concordance Types (DCTs) to identify three DCTs: Male-Only IT, Female-Only IT, and Both IT. Data from female as well as male participants found 51% of couples Both IT, 16% Male-Only, 33% Female-Only. These percentages are similar to most other studies which empirically compared men and women IT, including comparisons based on child reports of inter-parent violence. They contradict Johnson's assertion that IT is almost exclusively male. The theoretical implication is that, like other forms of partner abuse, understanding IT can be enhanced when it is conceptualized as a characteristic of couples, not just of individuals. A critique of Johnson's criteria to identify IT concludes it is inadequate to identify cases which correspond to what is implied by "terrorism." The research and clinical implication are that if the concept of IT is used, the data analysis or treatment plan can benefit from by identifying the cases as Male-Only, Female-Only, or Both IT. Language: en
Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping: Contrast Mechanisms and Clinical Applications

Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is a recently developed MRI technique for quantifying the spatial distribution of magnetic susceptibility within biological tissues. It first uses the frequency shift in the MRI signal to map the magnetic field profile within the tissue. The resulting field map is then used to determine the spatial distribution of the underlying magnetic susceptibility by solving an inverse problem. The solution is achieved by deconvolving the field map with a dipole field, under the assumption that the magnetic field is a result of the superposition of the dipole fields generated by all voxels and that each voxel has its unique magnetic susceptibility. QSM provides improved contrast to noise ratio for certain tissues and structures compared to its magnitude counterpart. More importantly, magnetic susceptibility is a direct reflection of the molecular composition and cellular architecture of the tissue. Consequently, by quantifying magnetic susceptibility, QSM is becoming a quantitative imaging approach for characterizing normal and pathological tissue properties. This article reviews the mechanism generating susceptibility contrast within tissues and some associated applications.
IMPROVEMENTS ON PERMEATION GDP COATINGS FOR RESORCINOL FORMALDEHYDE FOAM SHELLS FOR CRYOGENIC EXPERIMENTS ON OMEGA

Resorcinol formaldehyde (RF) foam shells are needed for direct-drive inertial confinement laser fusion experiments at the University of Rochester OMEGA laser facility. As previously reported, the addition of long-chained polymers to the fabrication process has improved shell wall uniformity, but this change has led to a lower yield (from ∼40 to ∼15%) of shells that are gas retentive after the application of glow discharge polymer (GDP) using the standard deposition technique. We have improved this yield by modifying the coating conditions of the GDP overcoating process by modifying the background coating pressure from the constant 75 mTorr to using a two-step coating process of a high-pressure coating at 250 mTorr followed by low-pressure coating of 75 mTorr. This modification has improved the yield of the gas retention on the styrene-butadiene-styrene RF shells from ∼15 to ∼60%. We have found that the surface roughness of these shells is also improved from ∼45 nm root-mean-square (rms) to ∼20 nm rms. This technique, however, leads to a slight shrinkage of shells, which will be described.
Coming Undone: James Baldwin’s Another Country and Queer Pedagogy

In this chapter, I explore some of the terrain opened up by a queer pedagogy that undoes the hegemonic norms of white and black masculinity. Any popular culture text in which masculinity is performed or represented can be read from the perspective of a queer pedagogy, to deconstruct the reigning narratives of masculinity production in American culture. In this case, I am interested in a literary text from an earlier era, James Baldwin’s Another Country (1962a), a novel that graphically depicts how hegemonic norms of white and black masculinity in the United States in the late 1950s were implicated in a destructive undoing of the self, and how the undoing of such norms can lead to a liberatory redoing of race, gender, class, and sexual identity. Baldwin’s novel, I argue, also reveals a perspective on identity that is consistent with many of the central tenets of queer theory and queer masculinity studies. When read and taught through the critical lens of queer theory, Another Country is a novel that explores the self as intersectional, that is, forged out of an ensemble of race, class, gender, and sexual identities that are dynamic and open rather than closed and fixed. I argue that Baldwin also develops a quite complex analysis of the performance of gendered sexuality in the novel and his queer characters engage (although with limited success) in re-performing and redoing masculinity.
Copyrighting Creativity: Creative Values, Cultural Heritage Institutions and Systems of Intellectual Property, edited by Helle Porsdam

Helle Porsdam, Professor of American Studies at the University of Copenhagen, Denmark, continues her concentration on culture and law by editing this volume of articles by ten authors. The book is ...
P107 – 2404: Familial aggregation and phenotypic differences in a follow up study of SLI children

Objective SLI (Specific Language Impairment) is a disorder of language acquisition accompanied by otherwise normally developing child. In this study we have characterized 61 children with SLI (with the focus on the correlation between phenotype and positive family history) considering age-dependent changes of phenotype in the course of development. Methods We collected phenotypic information from a homogeneous sample of 61 children (with normal non-verbal abilities) that were first examined between 3 and 3.6 years because of very restricted vocabulary and no or very simple 2–3 word-utterances. We re-assessed them periodically at the average age of 4, 5 and 6 years. Personal and family – history was recorded, a nonverbal intelligence test was performed (SON-R). Expressive and receptive vocabulary, grammar and phonology were measured periodically. Results A positive family history (FH+) for SLI 39%, for dyslexia 22%, both 17% was found for German children and 44% SLI, 21% dyslexia and 12% both for bilingual children. The phenotype of SLI changed over time. The most frequent syndrome was found at the age of 4 (74%): severe language impairment (morphology + syntax) with severe or moderate phonological difficulties was still high at the age of 5 (57%) and dropped at the age of 6 (26% German; 35% bilingual children) despite of early and continuous therapy. This syndrome had the highest frequency of FH+ (65% for SLI and 33% for dyslexia). Children with poor outcome (26% German; 35% bilingual) had statistically significant higher FH+ too. Conclusion The observed familiarity, the relative slow therapy-response and the non-linear course of development support the assumption of genetic factors in the cause of SLI phenotype. The course of development seems to follow a deviant maturational genetic programme.
The control strategies and assessment methods for transmission interface power flow based on hierarchical and divisional dispatch mode

Due to the rapid development of China power source construction, the generation and load in regional power grids are gradually imbalanced, which highlights the contradiction between power source and network distribution and causes the security constraints problems. The paper first presents a divisional control modeling method which significantly reduces the complexity of the flow control. Then, an automatic hierarchical interface control strategy is proposed based on the divisional dispatch mode, which achieves the multi-target and hydro-thermal coordination. In addition, the paper also designs a series of indexes which used to evaluate the control performance for transmission interface control. These indexes provide a basis for decision making on real-time power control. The proposed control strategies and assessment methods have been put into operation in actual power grids. The results are proved to be feasible and effective.
New species of diving beetles in the subgenus Platynectes s. str. from the Guiana Shield (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Agabinae)

The Neotropical species of Platynectes Regimbart, 1879 sensu stricto (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Agabinae: Platynectini) are arranged into three newly proposed species groups based on the coloration of the venter: the P. submaculatus species group, the P. agallithoplotes species group, and the P. nigerrimus species group. The species of the P. submaculatus group and P. agallithoplotes group are treated in detail including the description of five new species: P. agallithoplotes sp. nov. (Venezuela), P. elaskanaima sp. nov. (Venezuela), P. garciai sp. nov. (Venezuela, Guyana), P. meru sp. nov. (Venezuela) and P. tafelbergensis sp. nov. (Suriname). The lectotype is designated for Agabus decemnotatus Aube, 1838, and the species is, together with Platynectes submaculatus (Laporte, 1835) redescribed based on the recently collected material. For each species of the P. agallithoplotes group and P. submaculatus group a dorsal habitus, illustration of the median lobe of the aedeagus, distribution maps, and habitat photos are figured. Keys to the species groups and species of the P. submaculatus group are included. A checklist to the species of Neotropical Platynectes sensu stricto is provided.
Thermal stability of ultrathin amorphous carbon films synthesized by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition and filtered cathodic vacuum arc

Ultrathin hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) films deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) and hydrogen-free amorphous carbon (a-C) films of similar thickness deposited by...
The factor structure of the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18) in Parkinson disease patients.

Abstract Objective Psychological distress is common among Parkinson disease (PD) patients. Screening tools, such as the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18), help clinicians to identify and manage PD patients with psychiatric symptoms. The objective of this study is to test the factor structure of the BSI-18 in PD patients. Methods Analysis was conducted on PD patients who had initial visits at a movement disorders center from 2004 to 2015. Univariate analysis was used to describe the distribution of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. The BSI-18 was used to determine the prevalence of clinically significant psychological distress. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) treating BSI-18 items as ordered categorical data were conducted. Five competing models were tested. Multiple fit indices, parsimony, and past theory were used to select the final model. Results In the study sample (n = 1067), 18.7%, 22.5%, 15.4%, and 15.0% of patients had BSI-18 T-scores indicative of clinically significant global psychological distress, somatization, depression, and anxiety, respectively. Of the competing models, the final model chosen was the second-order three-factor structure with somatization, depression, and anxiety loaded on psychological distress. Conclusion The original proposed factor structure of the BSI-18 was validated in this patient population. Consequently, this study confirms the construct validity of the BSI-18 for screening of psychological distress in PD patients. Findings highlight somatization as a particularly important component of psychological distress in PD patients.