cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Solitary arteriovenous malformation of the small intestine.

16-year-old female patient presented with a 2-month istory of gastrointestinal bleeding and anemia. Upper and ower endoscopy, small bowel enteroclysis, and a Meckel’s echnetium scan were normal. She presented to our instiution with continued gastrointestinal bleeding and a heatocrit of 16%. A repeat Meckel’s technetium scan, olonoscopy, and upper endoscopy with enteroscopy to the id-jejunum were normal. Angiography (A) revealed a vasular lesion in the ileum suggestive of an arteriovenous malormation. Laparotomy (B) confirmed a 2-cm nodular vasular malformation located 4.5 feet proximal to the leocecal valve. A small bowel resection and primary anasamosis were performed. Gross inspection (C) revealed a .5-cm soft, red, raised nodule on the mucosal surface. istology (D) confirmed an arteriovenous malformation. he patient was discharged on postoperative day 4 with a table hematocrit. Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) of the small intesine are rare, and the true incidence is unknown.The terms rteriovenous malformation, angiodysplasia, telangiectasia, nd hemangioma describe distinct entities but have been sed interchangeably to describe the same lesion.The nonniform classification of intestinal vascular lesions in the iterature has led to some of the confusion and inaccurate eporting.
Consumption of different types of meat and the risk of renal cancer: meta-analysis of case–control studies

Kidney cancers account for almost 2% of all cancers worldwide, with 150,000 new cases and 78,000 deaths from the disease occurring annually. An increase in the incidence of kidney neoplasm in western countries was noticed in the past few years. Between 1988 and 1992, the incidence of renal cancer per 100,000 person-year among males in USA, Norway, and France was 34.1, 9.00, and 16.10, respectively. Among females in the same countries, it was 5.70, 5.00, and 7.30, respectively. Although several individual case–control studies examined the association of meat intake and renal cancer risk, the results were inconsistent because of the insufficient statistical power of the individual studies. Therefore, the following meta-analysis was designed to help in clarifying the association. Electronic search of MEDLINE, OVID, and PUBMED databases which have articles published between (1966 and 2006) was conducted to select studies for this meta-analysis. Fixed and random-effects meta-analytical techniques were used to estimate the overall association between meat consumption and kidney cancer. Thirteen case–control studies were found. This meta-analysis supported a positive relationship between meat consumption and risk of renal cancer. Summary results indicated that there was from 20% to 22% higher risk of renal cancer among those in the highest relative to the lowest category of poultry and processed meat consumption. Consumption of all meat and red meat was associated with 27% and 30% higher risk, respectively. The increased risks were statistically significant. Increased consumption of all meat, red meat, poultry, and processed meat is associated with an increase risk of kidney cancer. Reduction of meat consumption is an important approach to decreasing the incidence of kidney cancer in the general population.
Onco-Nephrology: Tumor Lysis Syndrome

Summary Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) describes the clinical and laboratory sequelae that result from the rapid release of intracellular contents of dying cancer cells. It is characterized by the release of potassium, phosphorous, and nucleic acids from cancer cells into the blood stream, with the potential to cause hyperkalemia; hyperphosphatemia and secondary hypocalcemia; hyperuricemia; AKI; and, should usual homeostatic mechanisms fail, death. TLS most commonly follows treatment of hematologic malignancies, such as acute lymphocytic or lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, and Burkitt lymphoma, but also occurs after treatment of other bulky or rapidly growing tumors, particularly if the patient is highly sensitive to the effects of cytotoxic chemotherapy. Prevention and treatment depend on prompt recognition of patients at risk, volume repletion, allopurinol, rasburicase (a novel recombinant urate oxidase), and, when indicated, dialysis.
Reliability and Validity of the Cooperative Preschool Inventory for English- and Spanish-Speaking Hispanic Children.

The internal consistency reliability, concurrent validity, and stability of the Cooperative Preschool Inventory in English and Spanish editions were examined for monolingual-English and monolingual-Spanish Hispanic preschool pupils. The findings supported the reliability, validity, and stability of both editions as well as the comparability of both editions.
Healthy Smiles Healthy Growth 2004--basic screening survey of migrant and seasonal farmworker children in Illinois.

OBJECTIVES To obtain baseline data for caries prevalence, use of dental sealants, and dental treatment needs for children of migrant and seasonal farmworkers (MSFWs) enrolled in the Illinois Summer Migrant Education Program, 2004. METHODS This study adapted the methodology of Healthy Smiles Healthy Growth 2003-2004, by Illinois Department of Public Health (IDPH), Division of Oral Health. Oral screenings were conducted for children of migrant and seasonal farmworkers at participating schools. RESULTS Of the 840 eligible children 58% participated in the assessment. Overall caries experience was 64%. Untreated decay was observed in 42%, 8% urgently needed treatment, and sealant prevalence was 51%. Among those 6-9 years old (n = 254), 47% had cavitated lesions, 12% urgently needed treatment, and 45% had dental sealants. For children 10-15 years old (n = 198), 34% had cavitated lesions, 4% urgently needed treatment, and 65% had dental sealants. CONCLUSIONS The population's mobility suggests need for more frequent surveillance for effective programmatic planning.
A Measurement Study of Time-Scaled 802.11a Waveforms Over The Mobile-to-Mobile Vehicular Channel at 5.9 GHz

We have studied the effects of the mobile vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) channel on scaled versions of the current IEEE 802.11 a standard to investigate how readily they can be applied to vehicular networks. In particular, measured parameters for the V2V channel at 5.9 GHz in suburban, highway, and rural environments are studied in the context of critical parameters for OFDM. Actual performance of scaled OFDM waveforms with bandwidths of 20 MHz (bandwidth of IEEE 802.11 a), 10 MHz (bandwidth of the draft IEEE 802.11 p), and 5 MHz (halved bandwidth of IEEE 802.11 p) are described and interpreted in light of the channel parameters. At 20 MHz the guard interval is not long enough, while at 5 MHz errors increase from lack of channel stationarity over the packet duration. For these choices of the scaled 802.11 a OFDM waveform, 10 MHz appears to be the best choice.
Poly(vinylidene fluoroethylene-trifluoroethylene) based high performance electroactive polymers

This paper reports two classes of electroactive polymers developed recently which exhibit very high strain and elastic energy density. In the first class of the electroactive polymer, i.e., the defect structure modified poly(vinylidene fluoroethylene-trifluoroethylene) polymers, an electrostrictive strain of more than 5% and an elastic energy density above 1 J/cm/sup 3/ can be induced under a field of 150 MV/m. The large electrostrictive strain in this class of polymers originates from the local molecular conformation change between the trans-gauche bonds and all trans bonds, which accompanies the field induced transformation from the non-polar phase to the polar phase. The second class of the polymer is an all-organic composite, which shows a very high dielectric constant (>400) and high strain induced with a low applied electric field (2% strain under 13 MV/m). The strain is proportional to the square of the electric field and the composite has an elastic modulus near 1 GPa.
Coping with Student Aggression A Need for Special Education Teacher Preparation

Teachers working in settings serving emotionally handicapped (EH) students are frequently confronted with incidents of student aggression. Little is known about the teachers' confidence in their ability to cope with these incidents or the nature and extent of their previous training to deal with interpersonal violence. Survey questionnaires sent to 311 teachers serving EH students requested demographic, factual, and attitudinal information about teachers coping with classroom aggression. The response rate was 57% (178). Results indicate a significant(p < .05) relationship between level of confidence and previous training in methods of coping with aggression. While there was almost unanimous agreement upon the need for such training as part of teacher preparation, the majority of the trained teachers had received relevant training through inservice workshops rather than university coursework, and 68% desired additional training. The need for competence in this area, action by preservice personnel, and comp...
Review: Adverse cardiovascular effects of NSAIDs: driven by blood pressure, or edema?:

The non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsNSAIDs) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors are commonly utilized agents for musculoskeletal conditions. The harmful cardiorenal effects of some nsNSAIDs are well described and thought to be related to inhibition of prostanoid synthesis. Since the non-specific inhibition of both cyclooxygenase enzymes was associated with a higher incidence of gastrointestinal side effects, the selective targeting of the COX-2 enzymes with the COX-2 inhibitors promised and delivered a lower incidence of gastrointestinal side effects. However, the COX-2 inhibitors have not been found to be bereft of cardiorenal side effects. Indeed, some of these agents lead to increased blood pressure, an excessive risk of congestive heart failure and pro-thrombotic effects, especially in high risk populations. These deletrious effects, however, may not be class-specific and possibly related to pharmacokinetics, enzyme specificity and endothelium effects. This article also revi...
Thalamostriate Projections — An Overview

The thalamus provides a major source of afferents to the striatum with a density second only to the corticostriatal projections (Graybiel and Ragsdale, 1979). Among the different thalamic nuclei, the nonspecific intralaminar nuclei provide the majority of the thalamic afferents to the striatum (Jones and Leavitt, 1974). The intralaminar nuclear complex has diffuse but significant reciprocal connections with the cerebral cortex (see Macchi and Bentivoglio, 1982 for review). Stimulation of the intralaminar nuclei elicits recruiting and augmenting responses in the cerebral cortex, and they have been suggested to play a role in arousal and attentional mechanisms (Jasper, 1961). Hassler (1982) proposed that conscious perception requires the simultaneous activation of the same cortical sensory or integrative field by the non-specific intralaminar nuclei and by the specific thalamic projections. While such theories may suggest a role of the cortical projections of the intralaminar nuclei, it is ironic that the major target of the intralaminar nuclei is the striatum and not the cerebral cortex and that as yet we do not have a testable hypothesis for the role of the thalamostriate projections.
The Volatility of Data Space: Topology Oriented Sensitivity Analysis

Despite the difference among specific methods, existing Sensitivity Analysis (SA) technologies are all value-based, that is, the uncertainties in the model input and output are quantified as changes of values. This paradigm provides only limited insight into the nature of models and the modeled systems. In addition to the value of data, a potentially richer information about the model lies in the topological difference between pre-model data space and post-model data space. This paper introduces an innovative SA method called Topology Oriented Sensitivity Analysis, which defines sensitivity as the volatility of data space. It extends SA into a deeper level that lies in the topology of data.
Cardiac Variables in Professional Basketball Players: Looking Closely at the Normal Big Athlete (NBA)

area of active investigation for 2 basic reasons. First, the study of EICR continues to refine our understandings of adaptive human biology and the role of the cardiovascular system in human performance. Second, EICR provides critical data for the effective clinical management of athletes and highly active individuals. Differentiating EICR from the diseases associated with the risk for adverse events during athletic participation is among the most challenging and important tasks for the sports cardiologist. At the most basic level, differentiating adaptive physiologic development from occult pathologic change requires a comprehensive understanding of
Secrets in the bones

![Figure][1] The Neanderthal is not entirely extinct. In fact, some part of this otherwise ancient hominin remains among us today, manifest in about 2% of the DNA of many modern humans as a result of ancient interbreeding between our species. One strand of Svante Paabo's Neanderthal Man explains the nearly 20 years of research that eventually led to this finding. Paabo provides a riveting, personal account of the development of paleogenetics and the technical revolution that made the field possible. The memoir also traces the sometimes unconventional path that led to his becoming a globe-trotting professor. ![Figure][1] Neanderthal type material PHOTO: SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/CORBIS The author's success has stemmed from his determination to pursue what many assumed were unknowable answers to fundamental questions about human origins. In a career replete with unexpected twists, Paabo conducted secret experiments on Egyptian mummies, researched modern kangaroo rats as well as ancient cave bears, and even used genetic analyses of his own students' sperm to advance his research. His journey was certainly not without its difficulties, and he writes about complications with merciless candor. For instance, he leaves out few raw details when discussing his own insecurities, shortcomings of his and others' research, political and cultural obstacles that often impede scientific progress, and the affairs (romantic as well as scientific) that at times threatened to turn research collaborators into competitors. The author effectively conveys both the broad implications of his work and his concern for scientific details. While reading, you may find yourself with the sudden urge to wash your hands when Paabo expounds on the ubiquitous nature of DNA contamination and the absolute necessity for a completely sterile workspace. These fears were particularly salient in the earlier years, when he required that all data of any importance be independently replicated by scientists in other laboratories. For perhaps his most celebrated finding—that there exists a “clearly discernible genetic contribution from Neanderthals to people outside Africa”—Paabo would settle for no fewer than three independent lines of statistical evidence before publishing. To nonscientists, this self-professed meticulousness may at times seem to border on neurotic. But in a time of frequent headlines about scientific fraud, his portrayal of the internal and external struggles that accompany a career in academia refreshingly illustrates the high standards required for a rigorous research program. At its core, the book is about exposing secrets: from the nucleotide sequences laboriously pried from 40,000-year-old bones to the inner workings of a prominent researcher's mind. Whether unacquainted with Paabo's work or regular followers of his publications, readers will find that Neanderthal Man provides a nonpareil account of the development of the field of ancient DNA. [1]: pending:yes
A Model to Predict Pocketing Power Losses in Spiral Bevel Gears

A computational methodology is proposed for prediction of power losses due to pocketing (pumping or squeezing) of oil at the mesh interface of spiral bevel gears. The model employs an existing cutting simulation procedure to define surface geometries of the gears through face-milling and face-hobbing processes. A novel hypoidal discretization method is proposed to define pocket volumes between meshing gear teeth along circumferential and face width directions. An existing fluid mechanics formulation, utilizing principles of conservation of mass, momentum and energy, is used to compute the load-independent (spin) power losses due to pocketing of the medium in the gear mesh interface. A simulation of aerospace applications is presented to highlight the effects of lubrication conditions, on pocketing power losses.Copyright © 2015 by ASME
An Empirical Study of Salesforce Turnover

Employee turnover is a subject of great importance to practitioners and researchers alike. Though the research on employee turnover in general is extensive, a search of the literature uncovered few...
Oviposition by the Boll Weevil in the Field

Oviposition by Anthonomus grandis Boheman was observed in detail in the field. Average time from initial mating to 1st oviposition was 21 minutes, but the oviposition time for overwintered females was longer than for females of the subsequent generation. The process of puncturing the square and depositing the egg required an average of 6¼ minutes for overwintered females and 4½ minutes for females of the subsequent generation. Females deposited almost 1 egg per hour at a fairly smooth pace throughout the day starting at about 0800 hr. Apparent peaks were noted between 0900 and 1000 hr, and between 1200 and 1300 hr. The number of eggs deposited per hour was also somewhat reduced in the overwintered generation.
Integrating quality of information with pragmatic assistance

In this work, we propose a framework for resolving ambiguity in user-generated natural language queries. We use pragmatics to formalize the refinement of an incoming query into possible interpretations which we call a response graph. Each of the possible interpretations are assigned likelihoods of being correct by the pragmatics framework, as well as Quality of Information (QoI) scores that quantify how useful we expect the response to be. We discuss two schemes for traversing the response graph and determining the querent's intended meaning, an up-front one-shot algorithm ("static") and an iterative runtime algorithm ("dynamic"). We analyze the performance of these two schemes by presenting data from simulated conversations between a querent and system using randomly generated response graphs. We show that both schemes are able to achieve a significant reduction in the cost to retrieve the desired information, allowing such a system to make more intelligent decisions about how to handle and respond to natural language queries.
423 GENETIC VARIATION IN 5α-REDUCTASE INFLUENCES DEVELOPMENT OF POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME AND SEVERITY OF HIRSUTISM.

The 5α-reductase enzyme converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, the most potent androgen in certain tissues such as the hair follicle. Increased activity of this enzyme has been seen in the ovaries of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrinopathy in reproductive-aged women. Increased activity of this enzyme may have important clinical implications in PCOS. For example, 5α-reduced androstenedione inhibits aromatase in the ovaries, reducing estrogen production, a possible cause of follicular arrest and thus polycystic ovaries. Our hypothesis is that genetic variation in the gene for 5α-reductase type 1 ( SRD5A1 ) influences the development of PCOS and the severity of hirsutism. We studied 287 white women with PCOS and 187 controls. PCOS was diagnosed using the 1990 NIH criteria. Hirsutism was quantified using the Ferriman-Gallwey (FG) score, with a score of 6 or greater indicating presence of hirsutism. Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SRD5A1 were chosen from the International HapMap project such that they would allow efficient identification of the common SRD5A1 haplotypes (a haplotype is a collection of alleles inherited together on the same chromosome). Genotyping was performed using the 5′-exonuclease reaction. Haplotypes and haplotype blocks were constructed using the program Haploview . Association of haplotypes with PCOS risk and presence of hirsutism was assessed using logistic regression and association with FG score using ANCOVA. SNP rs3797179 (C/C versus C/T+TT) was associated with reduced risk of PCOS (OR 0.4, p = .005). We discovered two haplotype blocks in the SRD5A1 gene, block 1 comprising the first five SNPs, block 2 the last two SNPs. Haplotype T-A (block 2) was associated with a 2.5-fold increased risk of PCOS ( p = .004), increased risk of hirsutism (OR 2.6, p = .015), and increased FG score (9.3 vs.8.0, p = .013). Haplotype G-G (block 2) was associated with decreased severity of hirsutism with lower FG score (7.8 vs 9.6, p = .018). Haplotype C-G-G-T-T (block 1) was associated with the presence of hirsutism (OR 2.9, p = .009). In conclusion, variation in the SRD5A1 gene not only influences the risk of developing PCOS but also affects the severity of hirsutism in affected women. This is the first report to examine SRD5A1 as a candidate gene in PCOS. Identification of such underlying genes will lead to an increased understanding of the pathophysiology of this common condition, ultimately contributing to advances in risk prediction, disease prevention, and treatment.
Diuretics in the treatment of hypertension.

The orally effective diuretic agent chlorothiazide has greatly simplified the treatment of hypertension and has reawakened interest in the role of sodium and water in the mechanism of this condition.Chlorothiazide lowers arterial pressure and enhances the effectiveness of ganglion-blocking agents given either singly or in combination.From studies conducted by the author, it was concluded that the decrease in the volume of plasma caused by short-term administration of chlorothiazide decreases cardiac output and increases vasomotor tone, thereby producing a situation in which antihypertensive drugs which act on the central nervous system become more effective.
Comparison of effects of gastrin, cholecystokinin-pancreozymin, secretin, and glucagon on human stomach muscle in vitro.

The effects of gastrointestinal hormones on the motility of strips of human gastric muscle taken from freshly excised surgical specimens were studied in vitro. The apparatus was designed so that a constant concentration of hormone solution flowed over the strip surface. Muscle strips in vitro generally showed spontaneous rhythmic or near rhythmic contractions at a mean rate of 3.25 per min (antrum) and 3.41 per min (body). Human gastrin I and cholecystokinin-pancreozymin each caused a significant increase in the amplitude of rhythmic contractions, with little effect on resting strip length. In a higher molar concentration, secretin (both natural and synthetic) caused a decrease in amplitude of rhythmic contractions and also caused relaxation as shown by an increase in resting strip length between contractions. Glucagon had no effect on motility. None of the hormones altered the frequency of contractions.
A GPU-oriented online recommendation algorithm for efficient processing of time-varying continuous data streams

Research on recommendation systems has gained a considerable amount of attention over the past decade as the number of online users and online contents continue to grow at an exponential rate. With the evolution of the social web, people generate and consume data in real time using online services such as Twitter, Facebook, and web news portals. With the rapidly growing online community, web-based retail systems and social media sites have to process several millions of user requests per day. Generating quality recommendations using this vast amount of data is itself a very challenging task. Nevertheless, opposed to the web-based retailers such as Amazon and Netflix, the above-mentioned social networking sites have to face an additional challenge when generating recommendations as their contents are very rapidly changing. Therefore, providing fresh information in the least amount of time is a major objective of such recommender systems. Although collaborative filtering is a widely used technique in recommendation systems, generating the recommendation model using this approach is a costly task, and often done offline. Hence, it is difficult to use collaborative filtering in the presence of dynamically changing contents, as such systems require frequent updates to the recommendation model to maintain the accuracy and the freshness of the recommendations. Parallel processing power of graphic processing units (GPUs) can be used to process large volumes of data with dynamically changing contents in real time, and accelerate the recommendation process for social media data streams. In this paper, we address the issue of rapidly changing contents, and propose a parallel on-the-fly collaborative filtering algorithm using GPUs to facilitate frequent updates to the recommendations model. We use a hybrid similarity calculation method by combining the item–item collaborative filtering with item category information and temporal information. The experimental results on real-world datasets show that the proposed algorithm outperformed several existing online CF algorithms in terms of accuracy, memory consumption, and runtime. It was also observed that the proposed algorithm scaled well with the data rate and the data volume, and generated recommendations in a timely manner.
Tree Wardens and public grounds management in North America: Overseeding athletic fields with perennial ryegrass to promote safe playing surface

Responsibilities of the municipal/urban forester, or Tree Warden as the position is known in parts of the United States, may extend to a variety of widely used community green spaces that include gardens, landscapes and athletic fields. In recent years, the application of non-chemical, cultural methods pertaining to the management of publically accessible athletic fields has garnered growing interest. This is especially true as it relates to weed control and the maintenance of desirable turfgrass cover and safe playing conditions. Based on previous research, a demonstration field study was conducted over four growing seasons (2005–2008) to determine the effectiveness of weekly, repetitive (8×), late summer – early fall overseeding with varying rates of perennial ryegrass: 0, 1, 3 and 6 lbs 1000 ft−2. Overseeding at the highest rate (6 lbs 1000 ft−2) appeared to generate the greatest increase in desirable turfgrass cover during growing seasons that received adequate, well-distributed rainfall. The relation...
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, an effective radiosensitizer in lung and pancreatic cancers.

// Kedar Hastak 1 , Steven Bhutra 2, 3 , Renate Parry 4 , James M. Ford 1 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305, USA 2 Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305, USA 3 Current address: Department of Medicine, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60657, USA 4 Varian Medical Systems, Palo Alto, CA 94306, USA Correspondence to: James M. Ford, email: jmf@stanford.edu Keywords: PARP inhibitor, fractionated radiation, combination therapy, radiosensitizer, lung cancer Received: November 02, 2016 Accepted: February 06, 2017 Published: February 17, 2017 ABSTRACT The development of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has revolutionized radiation therapy for lung cancers and is an emerging treatment option for pancreatic cancers. However, there are many questions on how to optimize its use in chemoradiotherapy. The most relevant addition to radiotherapy regimens are inhibitors of DNA repair and DNA damage response pathways. One such class of agents are inhibitors of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). In this study we examined the effects of the PARP inhibitor LT626 in combination with ionizing radiation in lung and pancreatic cancers. Our study demonstrated that combination treatment with LT626 and radiation effectively inhibited growth in lung and pancreatic cancer cell lines, better than individual treatment alone. Combination treatment also increased expression of γH2AX and 53BP1 foci and upregulated expression of phosphorylated ATM, ATR and their respective kinases. Using in vivo lung cancer xenograft models we demonstrated that LT626 functioned as an effective radiosensitizer during fractionated radiation treatment, leading to significant decrease in tumor burden and doubling the median survival compared to control group. Overall our in vitro and in vivo studies showed that PARP inhibitor LT626 acted synergistically with radiation in lung and pancreatic cancers.
Is anger management style associated with descending modulation of spinal nociception

Anger management styles (i.e., anger-in and anger-out) characterize a person's typical response to anger. Anger-in, the suppression of anger, and anger-out, the outward expression of anger, have been associated with increased acute and chronic pain. Previous research suggests that anger-in is related to pain because of its shared variance with negative affect; anger-out is believed to be related to pain because of a disruption of endogenous opioid systems. It is currently unknown whether anger management styles promote pain by facilitating central sensitization or spinal nociception. This study assessed the relationship between anger management styles and markers of central sensitization (i.e., temporal summation of pain [TS-pain] and nociception flexion reflex [TS-NFR]), spinal nociception (nociception flexion reflex [NFR] threshold), and measures of pain experience. One hundred nine healthy pain-free individuals completed the study. A bootstrapped mediation analysis was conducted to test whether negative affect mediated relationships with anger-in. Results suggested that anger-in and anger-out were associated with lower NFR thresholds (facilitated spinal nociception), but no other outcome. Negative affect did not mediate either of these relationships. These results suggest that anger management styles may amplify spinal nociceptive processes in healthy humans without altering central sensitization.
Terrain-Trapped Airflows and Orographic Rainfall along the Coast of Northern California. Part I: Kinematic Characterization Using a Wind Profiling Radar

AbstractThis study develops an objective method of identifying terrain-trapped airflows (TTAs) along the coast of Northern California and documenting their impact on orographic rainfall. TTAs are defined as relatively narrow air masses that consistently flow in close proximity and approximately parallel to an orographic barrier. A 13-winter-seasons dataset is employed, including observations from a 915-MHz wind profiling radar along the coast at Bodega Bay (BBY, 15 m MSL) and surface meteorology stations at BBY and in the coastal mountains at Cazadero (CZD, 478 m MSL). A subset of rainy hours exhibits a profile with enhanced vertical shear and an easterly wind maximum in the lowest 500 m MSL, roughly the same depth as the nearby coastal terrain. Both flow features have a connection to TTAs along the coast of Northern California. Based on the average orientation (320°–140°) and altitude of nearby topography, mean wind direction in the lowest 500 m MSL () between 0°–140° is used as the initial criterion to ...
Identification of Successful Cognitive Aging in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative Study

The present prospective observational study aimed to identify the existence of successful cognitive agers among a group of well-defined cognitively healthy older adults (n = 354, mean age = 75 years), and to examine baseline individual-level predictors and associated health outcomes over time. Episodic memory (EM) and executive function (EF) composite scores and multiple health outcomes were obtained annually over 5 years. Potential individual-level predictors that were related to Alzheimer's disease pathology or genetic risk, neurodegeneration, and vascular risks were collected at baseline. Three latent classes with matched age and education were identified using growth mixture modeling: a group of participants who exhibited high, stable EM and EF (40.7% of the sample, "successful agers"); a group who had initial high cognitive performance that declined over time (21.2%, "declining agers"); and a group who had normal (EM) or poor (EF) but stable cognitive performance over time (38.1%, "low stable agers"). The group classification predicted significant differences in the incidence of global cognitive impairment, the development of at least one depressive symptom, and everyday functional impairment. Sex, apolipoprotein E allele 4, amyloid-β1-42, and t-tau significantly contributed to the difference in cognitive trajectories between the successful agers and the other two groups. Characterizing successful cognitive agers who are relatively resistant to both tau and amyloid pathology provides potential pathways for promoting successful cognitive aging and preventing cognitive decline.
Towards Identifying Informal Caregivers of Alzheimer’s and Dementia Patients in Social Media

An informal caregiver is a family member, friend, or neighbor who provides assistance to an older adult. Informal caregiving is associated with increased physical, mental, and emotional stressor contributing to poor health outcomes, and caregiver burnout. This project focuses on tracking and analyzing informal caregivers in Twitter.
The new Arthashastra: a security strategy for India

The New Arthashastra is an anthology that combines military and intelligence experience with academic expertise. Edited by Gurmeet Kanwal, the book’s title refers to the Arthashastra, an ancient Sa...
Bovine Herpesvirus 1 U L 49.5 Interacts with gM and VP22 To Ensure Virus Cell-to-Cell Spread and Virion Incorporation: Novel Role for VP22 in gM-Independent U L 49.5 Virion Incorporation

Alphaherpesvirus envelope glycoprotein N (gN) and gM form a covalently linked complex. Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) UL49.5 (a gN homolog) contains two predicted cysteine residues, C42 and C78. The C42 is highly conserved among the alphaherpesvirus gN homologs (e.g., herpes simplex virus 1 and pseudorabies virus). To identify which cysteine residue is required for the formation of the UL49.5/gM complex and to characterize the functional significance of the UL49.5/gM complex, we constructed and analyzed C42S and C78S substitution mutants in either a BHV-1 wild type (wt) or BHV-1 UL49.5 cytoplasmic tail-null (CT-null) virus background. The results demonstrated that BHV-1 UL49.5 residue C42 but not C78 was essential for the formation of the covalently linked functional UL49.5/gM complex, gM maturation in the Golgi compartment, and efficient cell-to-cell spread of the virus. Interestingly, the C42S and CT-null mutations separately did not affect mutant UL49.5 virion incorporation. However, when both of the mutations were introduced simultaneously, the UL49.5 C42S/CT-null protein virion incorporation was severely reduced. Incidentally, the anti-VP22 antibody coimmunoprecipitated the UL49.5 C42S/CT-null mutant protein at a noticeably reduced level compared to that of the individual UL49.5 C42S and CT-null mutant proteins. As expected, in a dual UL49.5 C42S/VP22Δ virus with deletion of VP22 (VP22Δ), the UL49.5 C42S virion incorporation was also severely reduced while in a gMΔ virus, UL49.5 virion incorporation was affected only slightly. Together, these results suggested that UL49.5 virion incorporation is mediated redundantly, by both UL49.5/gM functional complex and VP22, through a putative gM-independent novel UL49.5 and VP22 interaction.IMPORTANCE Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) envelope protein UL49.5 is an important virulence determinant because it downregulates major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I). UL49.5 also forms a covalently linked complex with gM. The results of this study demonstrate that UL49.5 regulates gM maturation and virus cell-to-cell spread since gM maturation in the Golgi compartment depends on covalently linked UL49.5/gM complex. The results also show that the UL49.5 residue cysteine 42 (C42) mediates the formation of the covalently linked UL49.5-gM interaction. Furthermore, a C42S mutant virus in which UL49.5 cannot interact with gM has defective cell-to-cell spread. Interestingly, UL49.5 also interacts with the tegument protein VP22 via its cytoplasmic tail (CT). The putative UL49.5 CT-VP22 interaction is essential for a gM-independent UL49.5 virion incorporation and is revealed when UL49.5 and gM are not linked. Therefore, UL49.5 virion incorporation is mediated by UL49.5-gM complex interaction and through a gM-independent interaction between UL49.5 and VP22.
Effects of exercise intensity and duration on norepinephrine spillover and clearance in humans

During dynamic exercise, blood flow to exercising muscle is closely matched to metabolic demands. This is made possible by metabolic vasodilation, vasoconstriction in inactive vascular beds, and a rise in cardiac output. The sympathetic nervous system plays an important role in regulating this exercise response. In this study, we used steady-state infusions of tritiated norepinephrine ([3H]NE) to determine the magnitude and time course of the arterial NE spillover response to sustained upright bicycle exercise at low (n = 11) and moderate-to-high (n = 14) exercise intensity (25 and 65% of maximum work load, respectively) in normal young subjects. In addition, we sought to examine whether exercise was associated with a change in NE clearance. During 30 min of low-level exercise, arterial NE spillover increased from 1.45 +/- 0.13 to 3.14 +/- 0.30 nmol.min-1 x m-2 (P < 0.01) and appeared to plateau at 20-30 min of exercise; NE clearance remained unchanged. During 20 min of moderate-to-high-intensity exercise, we found a substantial and progressive rise of arterial NE spillover from 2.15 +/- 0.27 to 13.52 +/- 1.62 nmol.min-1 x m-2 (P < 0.01). NE clearance decreased from 0.91 +/- 0.05 to 0.80 +/- 0.05 l.min-1 x m-2 (P < 0.05). These data suggest that, during dynamic exercise, sympathetic nervous system activity is related to exercise intensity, and there appears to be an interaction between the effects of exercise intensity and duration on NE spillover. In addition, at moderate-to-high exercise intensity, a small decrease of NE clearance contributes to the rise in plasma NE.
Nuclear Power Browning Out

When the sad history of nuclear power is written, April 26, 1986, will be recorded as the day the dream died. The explosion at the Chernobyl plant was a terrible human tragedy- and it delivered a stark verdict on the hope that nuclear power will one day replace fossil fuel-based energy systems. Nuclear advocates may soldier on, but a decade after Chernobyl it is clear that nuclear power is no longer a viable energy option for the twenty-first century.
Bayesian Methods in Risk Assessment

Probabilistic risk analysis has been evolving as a scientific discipline quite rapidly over the last 15 years. The major reason for this growth has been the explicit recognition of the need for a consistent framework for the analysis of the safety of large industrial facilities, especially nuclear power plants, which other approaches such as worst-case analyses, do not provide. It has been realized, however, that the conventional methods of statistics and reliability theory cannot be applied in a straightforward manner because of the rarity of events of interest and consequent lack of meaningful statistical records. The frequent use of judgment and the initial reporting of very low probabilities raised questions concerning the credibility of the whole approach and controversy inevitably resulted, as witnessed by the release of the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission’s Reactor Safety Study (RSS) (1) and subsequent developments (2–5).
Improving Quality Through Lean Process Improvement: The Example of Clinical Decision Support

The Institute of Medicine (IOM) defines quality in health care as being safe, timely, effective, efficient, patient-centered and equitable. Quality within Radiology, based on the IOM definition, can be broadly defined as safe, appropriate, effective and patient-centered. The key to actual quality improvement is to have a system in place that will both enable and sustain change. At Virginia Mason, we have adopted the Lean Manufacturing method to health care as our process improvement method for continuously improving the quality of care across the institution, including radiology. The major principles of the Lean process improvement methodology include the concepts of value, value streams, flow, pull and perfection. One of the basic tools of Lean is the concept of zero defects and mistake proofing. We have applied Lean throughout radiology to improve quality. One of the most important factors in the quality equation is appropriateness. In the rest of this chapter we will describe how we have used our Lean process improvement methods to ensure the appropriate use of imaging. There are two different imaging management methods that are currently employed, clinical decision support and preauthorization. These two methodologies are explored utilizing the Lean lens. Our implementation of clinical decision support to improve the appropriateness of imaging is an example of how the Lean process contributes to quality, safety and patient-centered radiology.
A novel technique for isolating DNA from Tempus™ blood RNA tubes after RNA isolation.

We use Tempus blood RNA tubes (Applied Biosystems) during health assessments of American moose (Alces alces spp.) as a minimally invasive means to obtain RNA. Here we describe a novel protocol to additionally isolate high-quality DNA from the supernatant remaining after the RNA isolation methodology. Metrics used to qualify DNA quality included measuring the concentration, obtaining a DNA integrity number from a genomic DNA ScreenTape assay (Agilent), and running the isolated DNA on an agarose gel. Of the 23 samples analyzed, the average DNA concentration was 121 ng/µl (range 4–337 ng/µl) and a genomic DNA ScreenTape assay of seven samples indicated high DNA integrity values for 6 of the 7 samples (range 9.1–9.4 out of 10). Of the DNA sent for genotyping by sequencing, all proved to be of sufficient integrity to yield high-quality next-generation sequence results. We recommend this simple procedure to maximize the yield of both RNA and DNA from blood samples.
Usefulness of Estimated Plasma Volume at Postdischarge Follow-Up to Predict Recurrent Events in Patients With Heart Failure.

Hospital readmission for patients admitted with heart failure is a persistent problem. Better identification of patients at high risk of readmission for volume overload could have clinical implications. We evaluated estimated plasma volume (ePV), a marker of congestion, to predict readmission for patients seen early after discharge for heart failure. We identified patients hospitalized with a primary heart failure diagnosis and were then seen in a postdischarge clinic. We assessed clinical factors, ePV (derived from hemoglobin and hematocrit), and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP). The primary outcome was death or readmission for heart failure within 90 days of discharge. We identified 218 patients, of whom 23% experienced the primary outcome. No clinical variables at time of admission were different between those who did and did not experience the primary outcome, nor were BNP (1,581 vs 1,267 pg/ml, p = 0.33) or ePV (6.00 vs 5.80, p = 0.36). At clinic follow-up, both BNP (1,164 vs 636, p = 0.002) and ePV (6.18 vs 5.58, p = 0.02) were higher in those with subsequent events. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the lowest tertile of ePV had significantly lower incidence of the primary outcome than the other 2 tertiles (12% vs 29% and 27%, p = 0.02). Estimated plasma volume remained independently predictive of outcomes after controlling for BNP (p
Eyes On: Julie Buffalohead and Eyes On: Shimabuku

Eyes On: Julie BuffaloheadDenver Art Museum, Logan Gallery, 29 July 2018–2 February 2019Curated by Denene De Quintal, Andrew W. Mellon (Post-Doctoral Curatorial Fellow in American Indian Art), and ...
Successful treatment of lymphedema in a vasculopath and neuropathic patient

This is a case report of a 68-year-old male with stage III right lower extremity lymphedema following right inguinal lymph node dissection and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy for Hodgkin's lymphoma. He developed peripheral neuropathy and radiation-induced right femoral artery thrombosis, treated with saphenous vein graft. He underwent three vascularized lymph node transfers (VLNTs) to the upper medial thigh, posterior calf, and ankle with placement of nanofibrillar collagen scaffolds. Three months after surgery, he had volume reduction, less neuropathic pain, and improved ambulation.
Optothermal microbubble assisted manufacturing of nanogap-rich structures for active chemical sensing

Guiding analytes to the sensing area is an indispensable step in a sensing system. Most of the sensing systems apply a passive sensing method, which waits for the analytes to diffuse towards the sensor. However, passive sensing methods limit the detection of analytes to a picomolar range on micro/nanosensors for a practical time scale. Therefore, active sensing methods need to be used to improve the detection limit in which the analytes are forced to concentrate on the sensors. In this article, we have demonstrated the manufacturing of nanogap-rich structures for active chemical sensing. Nanogap-rich structures are manufactured from metallic nanoparticles through an optothermally generated microbubble (OGMB) which is a laser-induced micron-sized bubble. The OGMB induces a strong convective flow that helps to deposit metallic nanoparticles to form nanogap-rich structures on a solid surface. In addition, the OGMB is used to guide and concentrate analytes towards the nanogap-rich structures for the active sensing of analytes. An active sensing method can improve the detection limit of chemical substances by an order of magnitude compared to a passive sensing method. The microbubble assisted manufacturing of nanogap-rich structures together with an active analyte sensing method paves a new way for advanced chemical and bio-sensing applications.
Teachers’ Use of Mathematics Resources: A Look Across Cultural Boundaries

This chapter is written as a reflection on my encounters with the growing body of research on mathematics teachers’ use of resources, focusing on the documentational approach and its impact on my research. I begin by detailing my first encounter with the documentational genesis framework in 2008, introducing me to new language, frameworks, and colleagues from a different cultural context. I then describe two subsequent research projects I have undertaken, one in the USA and the other involving four contexts: Finland, Flanders (Belgium), Sweden, and the USA. These projects have allowed me to refine and deploy the participatory perspective in relation to the documentational approach and have contributed to my understanding of teachers’ interactions with mathematics curriculum resources. I conclude by offering four propositions for research on teachers’ interactions with curriculum resources; the first three reflect the theoretical perspectives of the documentational framework. The fourth reflects findings from my research.