cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
METHODS OF FEMINIST FAMILY THERAPY SUPERVISION

Although feminist family therapy has been studied and practiced for more than 20 years, writing about feminist supervision in family therapy has been limited. Three supervision methods emerged from a qualitative study of the experiences of feminist family therapy supervisors and the therapists they supervised: The supervision contract, collaborative methods, and hierarchical methods. In addition to a description of the participants' experiences of these methods, we discuss their fit with previous theoretical descriptions of feminist supervision and offer suggestions for future research.
SSI Participation Among the Elderly: A Hazard Model Approach

This study revisits the historic policy concern over nonparticipation in the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program. The most contemporary research model suggests that from a cross-sectional perspective, the elderly take-up decision is primarily determined by the financial situation of the eligible individuals. Yet extant studies have yet to establish a longitudinal model of SSI participation that explicitly takes into account the changing circumstances of the elderly. As such, this study extends the current literature by exploring the time-varying processes leading to eventual take-up of benefits among the elderly. Methodologically, the research relies on event history analysis of data from the Health and Retirement Study spanning the years 1996 to 2006 to explain the varying rates of participation over time as well as the role of life events on the take-up decision.
Differential static analysis: opportunities, applications, and challenges

It is widely believed that program analysis can be more closely targeted to the needs of programmers if the program is accompanied by further redundant documentation. This may include regression test suites, API protocol usage, and code contracts. To this should be added the largest and most redundant text of all: the previous version of the same program. It is the differences between successive versions of a legacy program already in use which occupy most of a programmer's time. Although differential analysis in the form of equivalence checking has been quite successful for hardware designs, it has not received as much attention in the static program analysis community.This paper briefly summarizes the current state of the art in differential static analysis for software, and suggests a number of promising applications. Although regression test generation has often been thought of as the ultimate goal of differential analysis, we highlight several other applications that can be enabled by differential static analysis. This includes equivalence checking, semantic diffing, differential contract checking, summary validation, invariant discovery and better debugging. We speculate that differential static analysis tools have the potential to be widely deployed on the developer's toolbox despite the fundamental stumbling blocks that limit the adoption of static analysis.
A distal, high-affinity binding site on the cyclin-CDK substrate Pho4 is important for its phosphorylation and regulation.

Abstract Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are key components of signaling pathways essential for cell growth and survival. The cyclin-CDK Pho80-Pho85 inactivates the transcription factor Pho4 in budding yeast by phosphorylating it on five sites. We isolated seven single amino acid substitutions outside of the phosphorylation sites that cause Pho4 to be constitutively active. The substitutions decrease the amount of Pho4 phosphorylation in vivo , and they increase the apparent K M of the in vitro phosphorylation reaction by an order of magnitude but do not alter k cat substantially. These data suggest that the substituted residues are part of a cyclin-CDK-binding site that is distal to the phosphorylation sites. Further analysis revealed that all of Pho4 variants were phosphorylated by Pho80-Pho85 in a more distributive manner than the wild-type protein, further supporting the idea that binding at a distal, high-affinity binding site is important in determining the processivity of Pho4 phosphorylation. In addition, computational modeling of the Pho4 phosphorylation reactions shows that the K D of binding between the Pho4 mutants and Pho80-Pho85 increases, confirming that the mutations are located in a relatively high-affinity “docking site” for the kinase. Interestingly, the K D derived from the in vitro data correlates well with the strength of the in vivo phenotypes, demonstrating that the in vitro data are relevant to the in vivo regulation of Pho4.
An algorithmic approach to building concept space for a scientific community

This research reports an algorithmic approach to the generation of an organizational (community) memory for a scientific community. The techniques used included object filtering, automatic indexing, and cluster analysis. The testbed for our research was the Worm Community System, which contained various forms of (C. elegans) worm-related knowledge and literature. Currently in use by molecular biologists in the C. elegans-related research community. The resulting organizational memory was represented as a knowledge base (or frame-based thesaurus). It included 2,709 researchers' names, 798 gene names, 20 experimental methods, and 4,302 subject descriptors. >
Effect of Home Blood Pressure Telemonitoring and Pharmacist Management on Blood Pressure Control: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial

OBJECTIVES To determine whether an intervention combining home BP telemonitoring with pharmacist case management improves BP control compared with usual care and to determine whether BP control is maintained after the intervention is stopped. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS A cluster randomized clinical trial of 450 adults with uncontrolled BP recruited from 14 692 patients with electronic medical records across 16 primary care clinics in an integrated health system in Minneapolis-St Paul, Minnesota, with 12 months of intervention and 6 months of postintervention follow-up.
Prior image constrained compressed sensing (PICCS): a method to accurately reconstruct dynamic CT images from highly undersampled projection data sets.

When the number of projections does not satisfy the Shannon/Nyquist sampling requirement, streaking artifacts are inevitable in x-ray computed tomography (CT) images reconstructed using filtered backprojection algorithms. In this letter, the spatial-temporal correlations in dynamic CT imaging have been exploited to sparsify dynamic CT image sequences and the newly proposed compressed sensing (CS) reconstruction method is applied to reconstruct the target image sequences. A prior image reconstructed from the union of interleaved dynamical data sets is utilized to constrain the CS image reconstruction for the individual time frames. This method is referred to as prior image constrained compressed sensing (PICCS). In vivo experimental animal studies were conducted to validate the PICCS algorithm, and the results indicate that PICCS enables accurate reconstruction of dynamic CT images using about 20 view angles, which corresponds to an undersampling factor of 32. This undersampling factor implies a potential radiation dose reduction by a factor of 32 in myocardial CT perfusion imaging.
Modeling and analysis of synchronous generator based distributed energy resources for dynamic impact studies

Although power electronic based generation sources such as solar photovoltaic plants and wind farms are gaining enormous popularity, conventional distributed energy resources (DERs) are commonly used and integrated onto distribution systems. The main reasons are the improving the economy of generation, controllability and maturity of the technology that simplifies operation and maintenance of the plant. Contrary to common belief, recent technological enhancements have brought about many engine driven generation types which are classified as clean (green) sources. This paper deals with the topic of modeling and benchmarking conventional synchronous generator based DERs for application in distribution systems. The DER model incorporates some new aspects of generation controls such as voltage regulation and reactive power compensation that are being asked for by some utilities to help accommodate integration onto existing distribution feeders while minimizing adverse effects. The introduced DER model is applied to and studied on a benchmark distribution network to demonstrate typical applications and impact investigations.
Towards explicit methods for differential algebraic equations

Explicit methods have previously been proposed for parabolic PDEs and for stiff ODEs with widely separated time constants. We discuss ways in which Differential Algebraic Equations (DAEs) might be regularized so that they can be efficiently integrated by explicit methods. The effectiveness of this approach is illustrated for some simple index three problems.
Enabling Efficient Analog Synthesis by Coupling Sparse Regression and Polynomial Optimization

The challenge of equation-based analog synthesis comes from its dual nature: functions producing good least-square fits to SPICE-generated data are non-convex, hence not amenable to efficient optimization. In this paper, we leverage recent progress on Semidefinite Programming (SDP) relaxations of polynomial (non-convex) optimization. Using a general polynomial allows for much more accurate fitting of SPICE data compared to the more restricted functional forms. Recent SDP techniques for convex relaxations of polynomial optimizations are powerful but alone still insufficient: even for small problems, the resulting relaxations are prohibitively high dimensional.We harness these new polynomial tools and realize their promise by introducing a novel regression technique that fits non-convex polynomials with a special sparsity structure. We show that the coupled sparse fitting and optimization (CSFO) flow that we introduce allows us to find accurate high-order polynomials while keeping the resulting optimization tractable.Using established circuits for optimization experiments, we demonstrate that by handling higher-order polynomials we reduce fitting error to 3.6% from 10%, on average. This translates into a dramatic increase in the rate of constraint satisfaction: for a 1% violation threshold, the success rate is increased from 0% to 78%.
IDENTIFYING EVOLUTIONARILY SIGNIFICANT UNITS AND PRIORITIZING POPULATIONS FOR MANAGEMENT ON ISLANDS

Islands host exceptionally high levels of endemism compared to mainland regions and are subject to disproportionately high rates of extinction and imperilment. Therefore, the protection and preservation of taxonomic units that are endemic to islands is a key component in mitigating the loss of global biodiversity. However, determining what is “endemic” on islands can be challenging. Conservation units are commonly delineated based on genetic divergence at neutral loci (e.g., genetic differentiation at microsatellite loci or reciprocal monophyly based on mitochondrial genes). Island populations of nonvolant species are expected to meet this criterion, regardless of adaptive differences, due to geographic isolation, founder effects, and small effective population sizes. We therefore argue that the delineation and management of island endemic populations should not be based on neutral genetic divergence and reciprocal monophyly alone. Instead, we recommend identifying island populations that have genetically based adaptations to their unique environments. A comprehensive framework specifically designed to delineate evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) on islands should be based on metrics of both neutral and adaptive genetic divergence. The California Channel Islands host several taxa considered to be endemic, and we highlight 2 case studies to illustrate how this framework can be applied. This approach can be applied broadly to continental islands and island archipelagos, enabling conservation practitioners to use an objective framework to prioritize units of biological diversity for management.
Mass Media as a Discursive Resource and the Construction of Engineering Selves

There have been different approaches to the study of the relations between mass media on the one hand and science and technological activities on the other. In this article, I summarize consumption...
Wetlands, Waterfowl, and the Menace of Mr. Wilson: Commerce Clause Jurisprudence and the Limits of Federal Wetland Regulation

Since the 1970s the federal government has been involved in the regulation of wetlands under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act. Like most federal environmental programs, authority for this regulation is premised upon an expansive reading of the Commerce Clause. In 1995, however, the Supreme Court suggested that Congress' Commerce Clause power is limited, raising questions about the constitutional limits of federal environmental regulation. This article analyzes the Commerce Clause doctrines explicit and implicit in United States v. Lopez and the extent to which this decision should limit federal wetlands regulation. The article continues to question whether judicially enforced limits on federal regulatory authority will compromise wetland conservation efforts. Based upon a review of the theoretical literature and empirical evidence, the article concludes that limiting the federal government's ability to regulate wetlands need not undermine conservation efforts, and there is substantial reason to believe that reimposing constitutional limits on federal regulatory authority may well improve environmental protection efforts.
A Productive Cloud Computing Platform Research for Big Data Analytics

The fast growing data volume poses significant challenges as well as opportunities to research and industry. Data scientists and domain experts demand high productive and high-performance data analytics platform, which will alleviate their work, tackle these challenges, and find more opportunities from data. The objective of our research is to build such a productive data analytics cloud platform by integrating a variety of data analytics tools and packages with a high-level workflow interface. Data scientists and domain experts are able to use the platform to process both big text and binary data with an interactive/batch/workflow interface to design their own applications in processing, analyzing, and visualizing data. In this paper, we present the current status of our big data analytics cloud at PVAMU as well as our research plan for future work. The usability and performance are main characteristics of this platform.
Simulation of a double-junction GaAs-alloy structure as a probe for high efficiency solar cells in the visible

The race for high efficiency solar cells (HESC's) is well under way. Crystalline semiconductors based on GaAs and its alloys seem to be good candidates for the high efficiency concept due to the variation of the energy band-gap. Wide and narrow gap semiconductors may coexist in one structure and under suitable conditions may operate at both short and long wavelengths, resulting in high efficiency absorption. One of the regions where short wavelength absorption takes place is a double junction AlAs-AlGaAs-GaAs configuration. In this paper we simulate the highest efficiency values attainable for this structure, before considering the whole HESC structure. We find top (ceiling) efficiency values of such a double-junction to be in excess of 20%, for incident power of 100mW (under AM1.5 conditions), with recombination losses. This configuration is essentially the window layer of a more extended solar cell design (HESC).
Dose Volume Response Relationship for Brain Metastases Treated With Single Fraction Linear Accelerator Based Radiosurgery

Evaluation of Postoperative Spine Radiosurgery Following Separation Surgery for Spinal Metastases With High Grade Epidural Spinal Cord Compression K.D. Kelley, R. Racareanu, J.B. Cohen, A. Sharma, M. Marrero, E. Gogineni, A. Latefi, and M. Ghaly; North Shore Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Lake Success, NY, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Lake Success, NY, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY
Game-Theme Based Instructional Module for Teaching Object Oriented Programming

Due to complex mathematical nature of computer science, it is considered a complex and arduous subject by college students. Due to a gradual decrease in computer science students, in spite of a growing demand for computer science professionals, it is crucial to find a way to attract computer science students by making the concepts even more fascinating and absorbing. The aim of this paper is to develop game theme based instructional modules for computer science students that motivates and engages students while contributing to their learning outcomes. Game theme based instructional modules are designed to encourage faculty to teach and motivate students to learn the concepts of object oriented programming using interactive, graphical, game-like examples. This paper discusses the design parameters and implementation of the module and describes a case study of adopting the module in an existing class. The results of the study demonstrate the effectiveness of the instructional module and the possibility to include it in the existing curriculum with minimum alterations to the existing established course material. The instructional modules act as a supplement to an existing course and enable faculty to explore teaching with a game-theme materials and helping students to be more motivated and engaged in class.
Computational study of bacterial membrane disruption by cationic biocides: structural basis for water pore formation.

The development of biocides as disinfectants that do not induce bacterial resistance is crucial to health care since hospital-acquired infections afflict millions of patients every year. Recent experimental studies of a class of cationic biocides based on the phenylene ethynylene backbone, known as OPEs, have revealed that their biocidal activity is accompanied by strong morphology changes to bacterial cell membranes. In vitro studies of bacterial membrane mimics have shown changes to the lipid phase that are dependent on the length and orientation of the cationic moieties on the backbone. This study uses classical molecular dynamics to conduct a comprehensive survey of how oligomers with different chemical structures interact with each other and with a bacterial cell membrane mimic. In particular, the ability of OPEs to disrupt membrane structure is studied as a function of the length of the biocides and the orientation of their cationic moieties along the backbone of the molecule. The simulation results...
Patients’ Perspectives on Acceptable Risk for Computed Tomography in Trauma

Author(s): Henderson, T; Ritchie, A; Langdorf, MI; Baumann, BM; Silverman, E; Raja, AS; Schlang, J; Sloane, B; Ronan, CE; Rodriguez, R
Abstract 5070: Cell-free endo180 reveals additional level of endocytic receptor functioning in meningioma.

Proceedings: AACR 104th Annual Meeting 2013; Apr 6-10, 2013; Washington, DC Endo180, also known as uPAR associated protein (uPARAP), is a member of the tri-molecular complex formed by uPA along with uPAR in the endocytic processing of collagen degradation. In the present study, we found that this membrane-bound protein was released into culture supernates of meningioma and other cancer cell types. In addition, we report a tremendous increase of Endo180 transcript and protein levels in irradiated meningioma cells and their culture filtrates. While non-denaturing immunoprecipitation studies suggested that Endo180 interacts with uPA in cell-free conditions, uPA binding was significantly quenched by deglycosylation of solubilized Endo180. Myc-tagged cDNA expression suggested shedding of Endo180 against secretion from meningioma cells. Function blocking and knockdown of Endo180 adversely affected the proliferation of meningioma cells with concomitant decrease in uPA activity and uPAR expression. We also observed a significant rise of Endo180 expression in meningioma clinical samples and tumors in animal models. A further increase of expression was observed among the brain sections of mice infused with irradiated meningioma cells. Taken together, our results demonstrate that solubilization of Endo180 characterizes a different hierarchy of endocytic receptor functioning in meningioma. Citation Format: Venkateswara Rao Gogineni, Arun Kumar Nalla, Kiran Kumar Velpula, Jasti S. Rao. Cell-free endo180 reveals additional level of endocytic receptor functioning in meningioma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5070. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5070
Holt-Oram: when the key to a broken heart is in the hand

A man in his 50s had a history of a congenital atrial and ventricular septal defect requiring repair decades prior. He also had a history of heart block requiring pacemaker placement. During an evaluation for pacemaker battery replacement, he was noted to have nodules at the metacarpophalangeal joint of his fifth digit, bilaterally (figure …
Distinctive Patterns & Prospects in China-Latin: America Trade, 1999-2005

This paper examines significant China-Latin America trade patterns that have emerged between 1999 and 2005, and assesses implications of these developments on these trading partners’ future economic relationship. We show that China’s iron, copper, and soybean imports from Latin America have become increasingly concentrated; that China and Latin America are rapidly becoming interconnected on telecommunications and computer manufacturing supply chains, with China supplying parts for assembly in Latin America; and that Chinese-made electronic and textile consumer goods have rapidly penetrated Latin American markets. The implications of our findings suggest that while there are many benefits of deeper economic integration to both sides, the vulnerabilities are likely to be predominantly borne by China’s Latin American trading partners.
A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Double-Dummy Pilot Study to Assess the Preemptive Effect of Triple Therapy with Aprepitant, Dexamethasone, and Promethazine versus Ondansetron, Dexamethasone and Promethazine on Reducing the Incidence of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Experienced by Patients Undergoing Craniotomy Under General Anesthesia.

Introduction: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is among the most common distressing complications of surgery under anesthesia. Previous studies have demonstrated that patients who undergo craniotomy have incidences of nausea and vomiting as high as 50-70%. The main purpose of this pilot study is to assess the incidence of PONV by using two different prophylactic regimens in subjects undergoing a craniotomy. Thus, we designed this study to assess the efficacy and safety of triple therapy with the combination of dexamethasone, promethazine, and aprepitant versus ondansetron to reduce the incidence of PONV in patients undergoing craniotomy. Material and Methods: This is a prospective, single center, two-armed, randomized, double-dummy, double-blind, pilot study. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of the two treatment groups. Subjects received 40 mg of aprepitant pill (or matching placebo pill) 30 to 60 minutes before induction of anesthesia and 4 mg of ondansetron IV (or 2 ml of placebo saline solution) at induction of anesthesia. In addition, all subjects received 25 mg of promethazine IV and 10 mg of dexamethasone IV at induction of anesthesia. Assessments of PONV commenced for the first 24 hours after surgery and were subsequently assessed for up to 5 days. Results: The overall incidence of PONV during the first 24 hours after surgery was 31.0% (n=15) in the Aprepitant Group and 36.2% (n=17) for the Ondansetron Group. The median times to first emetic and significant nausea episodes were 7.6 (2.9, 48.7) hours and 14.3 (4.4, 30.7) hours, respectively, for the Aprepitant Group and 6.0 (2.2, 29.5) hours and 9.6 (0.7, 35.2) hours, respectively, for the Ondansetron Group. There were no statistically significant differences between these groups. No adverse events directly related to study medications were found. Conclusions: This pilot study showed similar effectiveness when comparing the two PONV prophylaxis regimens. Our data showed that both treatments could be effective regimens to prevent PONV in patients undergoing craniotomy under general anesthesia. Future trials testing new PONV prophylaxis regimens in this surgical population should be performed to gain a better understanding of how to best provide prophylactic treatment.
Zur operativen Behandlung des persisitierenden AV-Kanals

Bei der kompletten Trennung des embryonalen atrioventricularen Kanals durch die endocardialen Polster kann eine Gruppe von Fehlbildungen entstehen, die sich durch einen Defekt des unteren Teiles des Vorhofseptums und des oberen Abschnittes des Ventrikelseptums sowie durch eine Abnormalitat der av-Klappen auszeichnet. Je nach Ausmas der Fehlbildungen werden die partielle und die komplette Form des persistierenden av-Kanals unterschieden.
A comparison of pop and chop to divide and conquer in resident cataract surgery

In this randomized prospective study, the cumulative dissipated energy and case time of pop and chop and of traditional four-quadrant divide and conquer in the first 60 cases (in total 120 eyes) of cataract surgery performed by two residents at the Veterans Administration Hospital in Hampton, Virginia, were compared. Overall and individually, the residents had significantly shorter case times and used significantly less cumulative dissipated energy for performing pop and chop than that for divide and conquer technique. There was no difference in complication rates or visual outcomes between these two techniques. The results of this study suggest that pop and chop is a more time- and energy-efficient method of nucleofractis than divide and conquer for novice resident surgeons.
Using an in-kernel emulator for TPS development and testing

This paper outlines an approach to developing an emulation environment embedded in an automated test system (ATS) controller's operating system kernel. By taking this approach, it is possible to design an emulator that is built for multiple ATS environments, allowing it to be seamlessly ported from ATS to ATS for use with many different test program sets (TPS). This paper then explores possible uses for such an emulator for the purpose of reducing the life-cycle costs associated with ATS and TPS development and maintenance.
Geomechanics of Marine Anchors

This book provides a comprehensive guide for the analysis and design of anchor systems used for mooring offshore floating structures. Much of the experience is based on applications toward the offshore oil and gas industry, but the substantial potential for offshore renewable energy systems is addressed. The major types of anchors are described with respect to their basic design concept, advantages and limitations, appropriate framework for analysis, and observed performance. This book addresses all aspects of anchor behaviour related to anchor design including the installation performance, load capacity, deformation, and structural integrity of the anchor itself. Coverage is also provided of appurtenant components of anchor systems, in particular of anchor line/chain mechanics in the soil and water columns. Much of the material presented represents relatively new developments, including several new anchors which have been developed within the last decade, so the book will provide a useful compendium of information is largely scattered in journals and conference proceedings. This book is intended for engineers engaged in offshore geotechnics and marine engineers involved in mooring system and floating structure design. While the analytical methods presented in this text have a strong theoretical basis, the emphasis is on simplified computational formats accessible to design engineers.
Refractory Ascites: Treatment and Complications Utilizing Peritoneovenous (Denver) Shunt

Intractable ascites has long been an antagonizing problem for patients and medical providers. It is debilitating and frequently cannot be prevented by standard medical therapy. Ascites is primarily managed with salt restrictions, diuretics, and repeated paracentesis for symptomatic relief. However, 10% of patients become refractory to this first line of treatment. Several surgical methods such as the insertion of peritoneovenous shunts and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts have become popularized treatment modalities for the control of refractory ascites. Nevertheless, controversy resides over what is the best treatment method for the improvement in patients' quality of life and survival rate. We herein explore the different medical and surgical methods available for the control of refractory ascites with a focus on the advantages and complications associated with the usage of Denver peritoneovenous shunts.
Clinical Outcomes with Penicillin Versus Alternative β-Lactams in the Treatment of Penicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia

OBJECTIVES To identify the impact of penicillin versus alternative β-lactams on clinical outcomes in patients with penicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (PSSA) bacteremia. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Academic medical center. PATIENTS Adult patients with PSSA bacteremia treated with a β-lactam as definitive therapy. MEASUREMENTS The primary outcome was a composite end point of 30-day clinical failure (change in PSSA therapy due to persistent or worsening signs and symptoms, PSSA bacteremia recurrence or persistence, and/or infection-related mortality) in patients treated with penicillin versus alternative β-lactams. Secondary outcomes included infection-related and hospital length of stay (LOS), 90-day recurrence, 90-day infection-related readmission, 30-day all-cause mortality, adverse drug events (ADEs), and 30-day change in PSSA therapy due to ADEs. A subgroup analysis comparing penicillin, nafcillin, and cefazolin was also conducted. MAIN RESULTS For the 122 patients who were included, the most common definitive therapies were nafcillin (37%), cefazolin (29%), and penicillin (21%). No difference was found in 30-day clinical failure (4% vs 11%, p=0.46), infection-related LOS (12 days vs 11 days, p=0.39), hospital LOS (12.5 days vs 12 days, p=0.69), 90-day recurrence (p=1.00), 90-day infection-related readmission (p=1.00), or 30-day all-cause mortality (p=0.45) between penicillin and other β-lactams. The prevalence of ADEs was different among penicillin, nafcillin, and cefazolin (p=0.049), with nafcillin requiring more changes in therapy (p=0.005). CONCLUSIONS Definitive therapy with penicillin had similar efficacy compared with alternative β-lactams for the treatment of PSSA bacteremia. However, nafcillin was associated with more ADEs requiring a change in therapy.
Hearing Preservation After Translabyrinthine Vestibular Schwannoma Excision: Audiometry and Electrocochleography Results.

Objectives:To describe a case of inadvertent hearing preservation following a classical translabyrinthine resection of a vestibular schwannoma of the internal auditory canal in an otherwise healthy...
Inventing a representation of relatedness

Prior research has shown that reasoning with cladograms is a skill that must be taught. Novice students, who do not understand the peculiarities of the representational system, can rely only upon prior content knowledge and perceptual resources (e.g., embodied and culturally-learned spatial metaphors (Tversky, Kugelmass, & Winter, 1991) and Gestalt perception (Novick & Catley, 2007) to make sense of them. The problem is that students' prior knowledge is sometimes incorrect or incomplete. They rely upon misconceived folk theories of evolution as a linear transformation through successive stages; and their intuitive perceptions often counter the obscure symbolic rules by which the cladogram operates. It is such that even with instruction, many students tend to make errors when interpreting cladograms (Meir et al., 2007), which keeps them from mastering an important component evolutionary reasoning.
Analytical Models for Relaxation Dispersion Experiments

In the following, we shall use the theoretical principles discussed in the previous chapter to develop analytical models to describe relaxation dispersion experiments and to derive analytical functions that allow one to extract information from the experimental data.
Precursor B lymphoblastic lymphoma presenting as lytic bone lesions.

Abstract Precursor B lymphoblastic lymphoma is an aggressive but potentially curable disease. This lymphoma most often manifests in the skin and lymph nodes and, less commonly, as lytic bone lesions. In the bone, this lymphoma must be differentiated from small round blue cell tumors, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and acute myelogenous leukemia. We describe the morphologic and immunophenotypic features in 4 patients, 2 children, 1 teenager, and 1 adult, who initially presented with bone pain and osteolytic lesions but without peripheral blood or iliac bone marrow involvement. Positive immunohistochemical staining of the neoplastic cells was observed for anti-CD10 (3/4), CD20 (3/4), CD34 (1/4), CD43 (4/4), CD45/CD45RB (2/4), CD79a (4/4), CD99 (MIC2) (2/4), and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (4/4). CD3 was absent in all cases. Immunophenotyping these neoplasms is essential to establish the correct diagnosis of precursor B lymphoblastic lymphoma, and a panel of antibodies is required because of the immunophenotypic heterogeneity.
Wheat genotype, early plant growth stage and infestation density effects on Russian wheat aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) population increase and plant damage.

Population increase of the Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko) (Homoptera: Aphididae), and its effect on early plant growth and damage were studied under laboratory conditions on two w...
Mitochondrial dysregulation and muscle disuse atrophy.

It is well established that mitochondria play a critical role in the metabolic and physiological adaptation of skeletal muscle to enhanced contractile activity. Several redox-sensitive signaling pathways such as PGC-1α, AMPK, IGF/Akt/mTOR, SIRT, NFκB, and FoxO are involved with extensive crosstalk to regulate vital cellular functions such as mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial fusion and fission dynamics, autophagy/mitophagy, and apoptosis under altered demand and stress. However, when muscles cease contraction, such as during immobilization and denervation, mitochondria undergo a series of detrimental changes characterized by downregulation of PGC-1α and antioxidant defense, increased ROS generation, activated FoxO, NFκB, and inflammation, enhanced ubiquitination, and finally mitophagy and apoptotic cascades. The phenotypic outcome of the discord of mitochondrial homeostasis is elevated proteolysis and muscle atrophy. The demonstration that PGC-1α overexpression via transgene or in vivo DNA transfection can restore mitochondrial homeostasis and reverse myocyte atrophy supports the “mitostasis theory of muscle atrophy”.
Intentionally designed capstone courses: A typology to enhance student learning

This authors propose that intentionally designed capstone courses enhance student learning. The capstone typology offered will assist educators in designing a capstone experience that allows studen...
AGE-DEPENDENT EFFECTS OF 6-HYDROXYDOPAMINE ON LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY IN RATS

The effect of specific brain dopamine (DA) depletion on locomotor activity in rats was examined using the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-HDA). Following pre-treatment with desmethylimipramine (DMI), 6-HDA was administered to rats at 3 and 6 days, 11 and 14 days, 20 and 23 days, and 46 and 48 days post-partum. An age dependency in the effect of 6-HDA on locomotor activity was seen in that only treatment at 3 and 6, 11 and 14, and 20 and 23 days resulted in a persistent hyperactivity. These results are discussed in terms of supersensitivity to DA based on dose-response data for L-Dopa.
Annexin A1 is a Potential Novel Biomarker of Congestion in Acute Heart Failure.

Objectives This study sought to identify the role of annexin A1 (AnxA1) as a congestion marker in acute heart failure (AHF) and to identify its putative role in predicting clinical outcomes. Background AnxA1 is a protein that inhibits inflammation following ischemia–reperfusion injury in cardiorenal tissues. Because AHF is a state of tissue hypoperfusion, we hypothesized that plasma AnxA1 levels are altered in AHF. Methods In the Renal Optimization Strategies Evaluation (ROSE) trial, patients hospitalized for AHF with kidney injury were randomized to receive dopamine, nesiritide, or placebo for 72 hours in addition to diuresis. In a subanalysis, plasma AnxA1 levels were measured at baseline and at 72 hours in 275 patients. Participants were divided into 3 tertiles based on their baseline AnxA1 levels. Results The prevalence of peripheral edema 2+ increased with increasing AnxA1 levels (P Conclusions Among patients hospitalized for AHF with impaired kidney function, elevated AnxA1 levels are associated with worse congestion, higher risk for further creatinine elevation, and higher rates of 60-day morbidity or all-cause mortality and 180-day all-cause mortality. Clinical Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01132846
A Review of the Mechanisms and Clinical Implications of Precision Cancer Therapy–Related Toxicity: A Primer for the Radiologist

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this review is to elucidate the mechanisms, types, and clinical significance of molecular targeted therapy (MTT) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and their related toxicity, emphasizing the radiologic manifestations. CONCLUSION. The related toxicities of MTT and ICIs can have acute, recurrent, chronic, and delayed presentations. These toxicities may serve as markers of response and survival. By understanding the clinical significance of drug toxicities, radiologists can play an important role in personalized cancer therapy.
Designing a Methodological Framework for the Empirical Evaluation of Self-Protecting Systems

Increasingly, cyber attacks against enterprises and governments make use of automated tools. For this reason, and given the importance of a timely protection, in the last decade there has been a push in researching methodologies to automate the full defense life-cycle of computer systems. The two core phases of this life-cycle are Intrusion Detection and Intrusion Response. However, while some progress has been done on the former, the latter is still at an early stage. This is due to several factors, among which the lack of a standardized methodology for the validation and comparison of Intrusion Response methodologies. In this paper, we attempt to fill this gap by introducing a methodological framework for the quantitative empirical evaluation of self-protecting systems, based on the metrics of response time and cost. An experimental design is also provided and its applicability is illustrated by the means of a template experiment.
Three-month outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients

Abstract COVID-19 is an ongoing pandemic with a devastating impact on public health. Acute neurological symptoms have been reported after a COVID-19 diagnosis, however there is no data available on the long-term neurological symptoms. Using a prospective registry of hospitalized COVID-19 patients, we assessed the neurological assessments (including functional, cognitive and psychiatric assessments) of several hospitalized patients at 3 months. Our main finding is that 71% of the patients still experienced neurological symptoms at 3 months and the most common symptoms being fatigue (42%) and PTSD (29%). 64% of the patients report pain symptoms we well. Cognitive symptoms were found in 12%. Our preliminary findings suggests the importance of investigating long-term and rationalizes the need for further studies investigating the neurologic outcomes after COVID-19.
The influence of sagittal spinopelvic alignment on patient discharge disposition following minimally invasive lumbar interbody fusion.

Background The aim of this study was to investigate the changes to spinopelvic sagittal alignment following minimally invasive (MIS) lumbar interbody fusion, and the influence of such changes on postoperative discharge disposition. Methods The Michigan Spine Surgery Improvement Collaborative was queried for all patients who underwent transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF)or lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) procedures for degenerative spine disease. Several spinopelvic sagittal alignment parameters were measured, including sagittal vertical axis (SVA), lumbar lordosis, pelvic tilt, pelvic incidence, and pelvic incidence-lumbar lordosis mismatch. Primary outcome measure-discharge to a rehabilitation facility-was expressed as adjusted odds ratio (ORadj) following a multivariable logistical regression. Results Of the 83 patients in the study population, 11 (13.2%) were discharged to a rehabilitation facility. Preoperative SVA was equivalent. Postoperative SVA increased to 8.0 cm in the discharge-to-rehabilitation division versus a decrease to 3.6 cm in the discharge-to-home division (P<0.001). The odds of discharge to a rehabilitation facility increased by 25% for every 1-cm increase in postoperative sagittal balance (ORadj =1.27, P=0.014). The strongest predictor of discharge to rehabilitation was increasing decade of life (ORadj =3.13, P=0.201). Conclusions Correction of sagittal balance is associated with greater odds of discharge to home. These findings, coupled with the recognized implications of admission to a rehabilitation facility, will emphasize the importance of spine surgeons accounting for SVA into their surgical planning of MIS lumbar interbody fusions.
Neurology® in 2021: Progress Report.

By the time this editorial is published, it will have been a year since I began my term as Editor-in-Chief of Neurology . It has been quite a year. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to millions of deaths and economic hardship worldwide; forced us to change the way we study, work, and interact with each other; and politicized science and scientific facts. At the same time, it showed how the scientific, medical, and public health community could work together to respond to the pandemic and, encouragingly, develop, test, and start administering several effective vaccines. Last year was a year of political, economic, and societal turmoil throughout the world. Every continent experienced severe weather events caused by a changing climate. In the United States, the killing of George Floyd led to a long-overdue national reckoning on race and racism that I fervently hope will lead to societal changes that address centuries of injustice. In addition, over the last 11 months, we witnessed 2 presidential impeachment trials and an acrimonious political campaign season that ended in a riotous insurrection.
Cytidine acetylation yields a hypoinflammatory synthetic messenger RNA

Summary Synthetic messenger RNA (mRNA) is an emerging therapeutic platform with important applications in oncology and infectious disease. Effective mRNA medicines must be translated by the ribosome but not trigger a strong nucleic acid-mediated immune response. To expand the medicinal chemistry toolbox for these agents, here we report the properties of the naturally occurring nucleobase N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) in synthetic mRNAs. We find that ac4C is compatible with, but does not enhance, protein production in the context of synthetic mRNA reporters. However, replacement of cytidine with ac4C diminishes inflammatory gene expression in immune cells caused by synthetic mRNAs. Chemoproteomic capture indicates that ac4C alters the protein interactome of synthetic mRNAs, reducing binding to cytidine-binding proteins and an immune sensor. Overall, our studies illustrate the unique ability of ac4C to modulate RNA-protein interactions and provide a foundation for using N4-cytidine acylation to fine-tune the properties of nucleic acid therapeutics.
Use of a Guided Imagery Mobile App (See Me Serene) to Reduce COVID-19-Related Stress: Pilot Feasibility Study.

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has led to concerns about mental health resulting from regional and national lockdowns, social isolation, job loss, and concern about disease exposure. Objective: We describe results of the pilot feasibility study of the See Me Serene mHealth app. The app provides users with immersive, vivid, nature experiences to reduce stress and anxiety related to COVID-19 and other isolation. The goals of the study were to develop the See Me Serene app and test the feasibility and acceptability of study procedures, and explore the potential impact of the app on stress and anxiety. Methods: We developed and tested the See Me Serene app and our study procedures for feasibility, and gathered preliminary data with a goal of 100 participants. The research was conducted in 2 phases: (1) development and internal testing of the app; and (2) feasibility and pilot testing with participants recruited online through earned media (eg, news stories), presentations at a university campus, and social media (eg, online sharing of earned media and presentations). The feasibility study employed a mixed methods, within-subjects, pre-/posttest design. At baseline and 30-day follow-up, we assessed stress-related variables via validated self-report measures and saliva samples for determination of cortisol concentrations. Results: We met or surpassed all our feasibility benchmarks for recruitment (101 participants recruited), retention (91% [90/99] of 30-day assessment completed), and data collection (99 participants completed all baseline data; 85% [84/99] of salivary cortisol samples returned). Participants adhered to the intervention. On average, participants listened to 48.2 audio files over 30 days or approximately 1.6 audio files per day. Participants were satisfied with the app, with 87% (78/90) rating the app as helpful in dealing with stress and anxiety. The app showed the potential to reduce stress, anxiety, loneliness, and worry. We did not find significant differences (P=.41) in cortisol levels over time. Our findings suggest that future research is warranted to test the efficacy of the See Me Serene app with a representative, diverse sample. Conclusions: There is a need for evidence-based and easily disseminable stress-reduction interventions. See Me Serene is a feasible intervention and has the potential to reduce stress related to COVID-19 and other forms of social isolation. More research on See Me Serene is warranted.