cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Staffing trends in college and university libraries

Purpose – The paper aims to discern, document, and analyze current staffing trends in college and university libraries.Design/methodology/approach – The author gathered information from the literatures of library and information science and higher education.Findings – The paper details six trends across public and technical services affecting librarians, non‐MLS professionals, and paraprofessionals. The presentation of trends is followed by a discussion of three concerns the author has about these trends.Research limitations/implications – The paper covers trends in college and university libraries but does not specifically address community college libraries. Community colleges may have similar issues, as well as unique trends; further research is encouraged.Practical implications – Library managers will be able to compare developments in their libraries to the profession‐wide trends. They will also be able to link to a large body of literature on the topic.Originality/value – This kind of comprehensive ...
A characterization of locally connected unicoherent continua

If e > 0, a subset M of a metric space is said to be e-connected if for each pair p , q ∈ M there is a finite sequence a 0 , …, a n such that each a i ∈ M , a 0 = ρ a n = q and the distance from a i−1 to a i is less than e whenever 0 i ≦ n . It is known [1, p. 117, Satz 1] that a compact metric space is connected if and only if for each e > 0 it is e-connected. We present here a proof of an analogous characterization of locally connected unicoherent compacta.
258 DIETARY EFFECTS ON MERCURY ELIMINATION AFTER ADMINISTRATION OF CH3HgCl OR HgCl2

Nearly 100% of CH3Hg ingested in foods is absorbed. Thus with continued exposure, elimination rate becomes the critical determinant of CH3Hg body burden. We have observed significant dietary effects on rates of Hg excretion. Female BALB/c mice (3-8 months of age) were fed ad libitum Pet evaporated whole milk [M], Agway RMH 3000 pelleted diet [P], or GIBCO 116EC liquid diet [G], for one week prior and two weeks subsequent to a single p.o.dose of ≥ (0.5 mg/kg). Estimated whole body elimination half-times during 14 days after dosing were: [M]: 19.2 days (95% confidence limits:16.6-22.9); [P]: 10.6 (9.9-11.5); [G]: 5.8 (5.3-6.3). Decrease in whole body radioactivity was accurately reflected in counts recovered in excreta. Brain Hg concentrations at 14 days correlated with relative body burdens. In a similarly designed experiment female mice were dosed i.m. with CH3203HgCl or 203HgCl2 (0.5 mg/kg). A differential effect of diet on 203Hg elimination rates was confirmed in the CH3Hg dosed groups. However, in mice dosed with 203HgCl2, we observed no differences in Hg whole body elimination rates between evaporated milk diet and pellet diet groups, but the GIBCO diet group showed a more rapid elimination rate. These results provide clues concerning possible mechanisms of metabolism and excretion of Hg compounds. We have shown that non-Hg dietary components can significantly affect mercury body burdens and that possible effects of diet must be considered in estimating exposure risks
Characteristics and Clinical Practices of Rural Marriage and Family Therapists

This report presents a subset of data collected from the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (AAMFT) Practice Research Network project conducted in 2002. A sample of 47 clinical members of AAMFT who indicated they practiced in a rural community provided descriptive information on demographic characteristics, training, clinical practices, and treatment of substance abuse disorders. Similarities and differences with the demographic characteristics and practice patterns of the overall sample of 285 are discussed.
Thermosetting allyl resins derived from soybean fatty acids

A novel class of thermosetting resins based on allylated and transesterified epoxidized soybean oil (AE-ESBO) curable by radical mechanism was developed. The AE-ESBO was prepared from ESBO by oxirane ring-opening and then transesterification with allyl alcohol. A family of rubbery to glassy resins was prepared by radical copolymerization of AE-ESBO with different concentrations of maleic anhydride (MA). Glass transition temperatures (Tg) of these resins ranged from below room temperature to about 130°C based on the amount of MA. In spite of the presence of anhydride groups, water absorption was low <2% even when maleic anhydride was 30% of total weight. Low sol content after extraction and low swelling in toluene indicated high crosslinking density. Tensile moduli of these resins were up to 1.4 GPa and tensile strengths up to 37 MPa. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
COMPARATIVE LABORATORY AND FIELD STUDIES OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS BY A MARINE PLANKTONIC DIATOM1

A study is described of the factors affecting measurements of phytoplankton photosynthesis by the much used field method, based upon changes of oxygen concentration in clear and darkened bottles as determined by the Winkler method. Unialgal cultures of a marine plankton diatom, Chaetoceras affinis, were used with short exposures of 1–3 hours in both laboratory and sea. Indications of a limitation of photosynthetic rate by inadequate CO2 supply were only found for culture media with pH raised by prolonged photosynthesis. Otherwise photosynthetic rates were unaltered by the bicarbonate concentration over a wide range, including that of unenriched sea-water, or by cell sedimentation in unshaken cultures. A comparison of the Winkler and manometric methods of measuring oxygen production gave very similar results. High rates of photosynthesis were well maintained over the main period of each exposure, despite the development of oxygen supersaturation. Lower rates were however always found during an initial induction phase. Photosynthetic characteristics deduced from exposures in laboratory and sea, carried out almost simultaneously and with the same algal material, were in general agreement. Data from the experiments as a whole indicated the development of unusually high photosynthetic capacities at light saturation, assessed per unit content of chlorophyll a. The onset of light saturation, and the development of photo-inhibition, occurred at intensities similar to those recorded for many other plankton algae. Some ecological implications of the findings are discussed.
Necrotizing sialometaplasia: report of two cases.

Summary Necrotizing sialometaplasia is a benign, self-limiting disease that requires no treatment. It is often confused with malignancy, resulting in unnecessary, extensive surgery. Clinicians need to be aware of this lesion and include it in a differential diagnosis of ulcerated lesions. Correct diagnosis depends on histopathological diagnosis by a pathologist who is familiar with the characteristics of this disease.
Intra-arrest hypothermia: both cold liquid ventilation with perfluorocarbons and cold intravenous saline rapidly achieve hypothermia, but only cold liquid ventilation improves resumption of spontaneous circulation.

Background Rapid intra-arrest induction of hypothermia using total liquid ventilation (TLV) with cold perfluorocarbons improves resuscitation outcome from ventricular fibrillation (VF). Cold saline intravenous infusion during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a simpler method of inducing hypothermia. We compared these 2 methods of rapid hypothermia induction for cardiac resuscitation.
DR. GOTTHOLD STEINER (1886–1961): VERSATILE NEMATOLOGIST

▪ Abstract Swiss-born Dr. Gotthold Steiner was a pioneer in formulating the discipline of nematology. He worked with the American nematologist NA Cobb and together they were responsible for acceptance of the concept of nematode phytoparasites. Steiner had special expertise in anatomy, morphology, phytonematology, marine nematodes, nutrition, mermithids, and selected invertebrate taxa. He authored 191 scientific papers, established the ubiquitous phytoparasitic genus Helicotylenchus, described the pinewood nematode, and did significant work with three important economic pests, Ditylenchus dipsaci, Heterodera rostochiensis, and H. schachtii. He was responsible for introducing training programs in nematology in USDA laboratories.
Reducing protein concentrates in rations of chicks at different ages.

Abstract EXPERIMENTS have shown that during the first 8 to 12 weeks the growth rate of chicks increases as the level of protein in the ration is increased, at least up to a level of 18 or 20 percent of protein. At this station (1932a) a combination of 15 percent of meat and bone scraps (50 percent protein) and 5 or 6 percent of dried milk has given more rapid growth during the first 8 to 10 weeks than 12 percent of meat scraps and 4 percent of dried milk. In other trials at this station (Roberts, 1934) a combination of meat and bone scraps and meat meal, to supply an amount of protein equivalent to that contained in 21 percent of meat and bone scraps, and 7 percent of dried milk, and also a combination of 10 percent of meat and bone scraps, 7 or 14 percent of soybean oil . . .
Building collaborative technology learning environments

The rapid advance of technology has enabled students to use powerful technology both inside and outside of the classroom. A major issue facing higher education is whether students truly know how to use this technology, can our learning spaces support it, and can it be integrated with other technologies to extend students' capabilities?This paper focuses on the how Winona State University went about improving learning spaces on campus. It includes six major sections. First, the development of the e-Warrior: Digital Life and Learning Program and Technology Master Plan provided the foundation. Second, quantifying the quality of classroom spaces on campus through the development of an online database and a campus report card provided a common point of reference. Third, faculty members engaged in the design of new learning spaces on campus to align design with pedagogy. Fourth, new technologies supported the online delivery of what used to be classroom lecture, paving the way for classroom flipping. Fifth, the intersection between formal and informal learning spaces played a role in instruction. Sixth, WSU developed two new flipped classrooms; the Math Achievement Center and Visual Media Studio. The Math Achievement Center and Visual Media Studio are collaborative classrooms designed by faculty that demonstrate the potential of mobile computing integration. Finally, recommendations for improving learning spaces found on any campus are offered. This paper provides a replicable roadmap for developing collaborative technology learning environments and highlights the many successes and challenges you may experience along the way.
Hormones, Learning and Memory

Hormones modulate learning and memory processes by increasing or decreasing the strength with which information is stored. Keywords: memory modulation; HPA axis; neuroendocrine; conditioning; behavior
Queueing network modeling of human performance of concurrent spatial and verbal tasks

This article describes a three-node queueing network model of human multitask performance to account for interferences between concurrent spatial and verbal tasks. The model integrates considerations of single-channel queuing theoretic models of selective attention and parallel processing, multiple-resource models of divided attention, and provides a computational framework for modeling both the serial processing and the concurrent execution aspects of human multitask performance. The single-channel and the multiple-resource concepts and their applications in engineering models are reviewed. Experimental evidence in support of the queueing network model is summarized. The potential value of using queueing network methods to integrate currently isolated concepts of human multitask performance and in modeling human machine interaction in general is discussed.
Seeing in three dimensions: the neurophysiology of stereopsis

From the pair of 2-D images formed on the retinas, the brain is capable of synthesizing a rich 3-D representation of our visual surroundings. The horizontal separation of the two eyes gives rise to small positional differences, called binocular disparities, between corresponding features in the two retinal images. These disparities provide a powerful source of information about 3-D scene structure, and alone are sufficient for depth perception. How do visual cortical areas of the brain extract and process these small retinal disparities, and how is this information transformed into non-retinal coordinates useful for guiding action? Although neurons selective for binocular disparity have been found in several visual areas, the brain circuits that give rise to stereoscopic vision are not very well understood. I review recent electrophysiological studies that address four issues: the encoding of disparity at the first stages of binocular processing, the organization of disparity-selective neurons into topographic maps, the contributions of specific visual areas to different stereoscopic tasks, and the integration of binocular disparity and viewing-distance information to yield egocentric distance. Some of these studies combine traditional electrophysiology with psychophysical and computational approaches, and this convergence promises substantial future gains in our understanding of stereoscopic vision.
The Post-Infectious Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Cell Surface Expression of LFA-1 And ICAM-1

Cell adhesion between T lymphocytes and other cells, including macrophages, is an essential early event in generating effective immune response. In addition, cell adhesion molecules appear to play an important role in migration, homing and recirculation of lymphocytes. Recently, a number of cell adhesion molecules that enhance T lymphocyte functions have been defined and termed as lymphocyte function-associated or LFA antigens (1, 2). LFA-1, CD2, CD4, and CD8 antigens appear to function as adhesion molecules for T cell responses. More recently, ligands for a number of adhesion molecules have been defined (2, 3). These include intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), a ligand for LFA-1, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II antigen ligands for CD8 and CD4, respectively, and LFA-3, a ligand for CD2.
Allogenic Blood Transfusion Following Total Hip Arthroplasty: Results from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, 2000 to 2009

Total hip arthroplasty is associated with substantial perioperative blood loss averaging 1000 to 2000 mL1-3 and a drop of 4.0 ± 1.5 g/dL (mean and standard deviation) in the hemoglobin level4,5. With this blood loss, allogenic blood transfusion is common in total hip arthroplasty. It was estimated that from 1996 to 1997, 16% of patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty received an allogenic blood transfusion compared with 11% of those undergoing total knee arthroplasty in the United States1. While major progress has been made in improving blood safety during the past twenty years6, serious complications of blood transfusion have not been eliminated. Concerns regarding nosocomial infections7-9 and transfusion-associated lung injury and circulatory overload10,11 have directed the efforts toward evaluating the indications for transfusion and exploring alternative methods of blood conservation. However, it is unclear whether changes in blood-management practices have led to a change in allogenic blood-transfusion rates in the U.S. during the past decade. Several observational studies have demonstrated an association between blood transfusion and increased postoperative morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing cardiac surgery12-15, patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery16,17, and critically ill patients7,18. In orthopaedic surgery, several studies have shown an increased risk of postoperative infections, a longer hospital stay, and increased mortality1,8,19-21. However, the majority of the evidence stems from studies involving hip-fracture patients, a population known to have a heavier comorbidity burden22,23 and a higher risk of death24 in comparison with patients undergoing elective hip arthroplasty. There are limited nationally representative data on the utilization of allogenic blood transfusion among patients managed with total hip arthroplasty. Nationwide data are important for evaluating the impact of allogenic blood transfusion on the health-related outcomes of total hip arthroplasty and its financial burden. In this study, data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample were analyzed to examine the trends and risk factors for allogenic blood transfusion in patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty in the U.S. from 2000 to 2009. The data were also used to determine whether allogenic blood transfusion is associated with a longer hospital stay, higher costs, discharge to an inpatient facility, a higher rate of complications, and an increased in-hospital mortality rate for patients managed with a primary total hip arthroplasty.
An optimal matching-score net for pattern classification

A novel optimal model is obtained for the matching score subnet of a pattern classifier network by requiring that the model interpolate a set of exemplary input-output pairs while optimizing a min-max criterion in an uncertain set G a neural space F to which the net is assumed to belong. This criterion is presumed to provide robustness to the optimal model obtained. The optimal model consists of a two-layer feedforward net, the first layer being the same as the matching score layer of the Hamming net, and the second layer being a new layer (absent in the Hamming net) possessing synaptic weights which result from the optimization procedure used. Applications of this net to some typical signal- and image-classification problems are being pursued
Epigenetics and the Social Work Imperative

Epigenesis is the biochemical process through which some genes are expressed and others remain silent, and it reinforces and explains the powerful impact that the environment has on human development. Epigenetic effects occur not only through diet, chemical exposure, and high levels of environmental stress, but also through chronic poverty and racism. Epigenesis provides a mandate for social workers to intervene at the policy level, both for today's children and for those in future generations.
Ice crystallization during the manufacture of ice cream

Control of ice crystallization during the manufacture of ice cream is important for the development of proper texture, product quality and storage stability. Improving our somewhat limited understanding of the mechanisms that control ice-crystal formation, as well as of the effects of formulation and process factors, may lead to improvements in processing techniques.
Development of a computer-based survey instrument for organophosphate and N-methyl-carbamate exposure assessment among agricultural pesticide handlers.

Background: Assessment of occupational pesticide exposures based on self-reported information can be challenging, particularly with immigrant farm worker populations for whom specialized methods are needed to address language and cultural barriers and account for limited literacy. An audio computer-assisted self-interview (A-CASI) survey instrument was developed to collect information about organophosphate (OP) and N-methyl-carbamate (CB) exposures and other personal characteristics among male agricultural pesticide handlers for an ongoing cholinesterase biomonitoring study in Washington State. Objectives: To assess the feasibility of collecting data using the A-CASI instrument and evaluate reliability for a subset of survey items. Methods: The survey consisted of 64 items administered in Spanish or English on a touch-screen tablet computer. Participants listened to digitally recorded questions on headphones and selected responses on the screen, most of which were displayed as images or icons to facilitate participation of low literacy respondents. From 2006–2008, a total of 195 participants completed the survey during the OP/CB application seasons on at least one occasion. Percent agreement and kappa coefficients were calculated to evaluate test–retest reliability for selected characteristics among 45 participants who completed the survey on two separate occasions within the same year. Results: Almost all participants self-identified as Hispanic or Latino (98%), and 97% completed the survey in Spanish. Most participants completed the survey in a half-hour or less, with minimal assistance from on-site research staff. Analyses of test–retest reliability showed substantial agreement for most demographic, work history, and health characteristics and at least moderate agreement for most variables related to personal protective equipment use during pesticide applications. Conclusions: This A-CASI survey instrument is a novel method that has been used successfully to collect information about OP/CB exposures and other personal characteristics among Spanish-speaking agricultural pesticide handlers.
The production of bacteriophage μ2

In three series of experiments, 3-l., 20-l., and 150-l. bacterial cultures were grown in stirred, deep culture vessels to average bacterial cell densities of 71 × 108, 63 × 108, and 43 × 108 viable organisms per milliliter, respectively, and then infected with phage. The average yield of progeny phage in each case was ca. 3000 mpfu (minimum plaque-forming units) per cell. Thus, the average mass of phage obtained in the 3-l. experiments was not less than 124 mg./l., calculated from the plaque counts, assuming a particle size of 3.6 × 106 Daltons for the μ2 phage. This is about twentyfold higher than is obtainable by conventional methods in aerated, shaken culture flasks. The actual phage yields are probably much higher than the minimum values calculated from plaque counts. For example, in the case of one of our culture lysates which was purified at King's College, the efficiency of plating was shown to be only 19%. The carbon dioxide evolution rate of cultures was measured and used as a guide to the time at which phage should be added. In this way, greater control of cultural conditions was obtained than is possible in shaken flasks. For the best yield of phage per milliliter of culture, the optimum time for phage infection was such that bacterial lysis just prevented the carbon dioxide evolution rate from reaching its potential maximum. The major factor influencing the phage yield per milliliter of culture was the aeration capacity of the culture vessel used. All had maximum aeration capacities much higher than those obtainable in shaken culture flasks. Cultures grown and infected in 3-l. Vessel operated under conditions of low aeration gave poor yields of phage. The reason for this are discussed.
Percutaneous Revascularization of Coronary Chronic Total Occlusions: The New Era Begins

The best available current evidence suggests that the hard end point outcomes of patients with coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) are no different from those of patients with nonoccluded stenoses. The reassurance that these lesions are benign because they are “well collateralized” or “not
The Edges of Wood: Dendrochronological Analysis of Three Seneca Iroquois Log Structures at Letchworth State Park, New York

Letchworth State Park in Castile, New York, maintains the Caneadea Council House, the Nancy Jemison Cabin, and Thomas “Buffalo Tom” Jemison Cabin, all built in Seneca communities along the Genesee River valley in the early 19th century. Dendrochronological analysis of samples from these structures has provided a more precise construction date of ca. 1820 for the council house, significantly later than the 1759–1780 range derived from historical documents. However, the results support the historical construction dates of around 1800 for the Nancy Jemison Cabin and ca. 1818 for the Thomas Jemison Cabin. Applying K. Jordan’s (2008) intercultural/creolized type and Brown’s (2000) “Reservation Log House” type along with the lens of hybridity elucidates how the council house and cabins relate to Seneca decisions to incorporate principles of European-style log construction into their longhouse and other building forms in adaptation to their more confined territory and increased European American settlement and infrastructure building at that time.
Characterizing Pedagogical Practices of University Physics Students in Informal Learning Environments.

When students interact with children in after-school programs, they display three main pedagogical modalities: instruction, consultation, and participation.
Change-point estimation of high-dimensional streaming data via sketching

Change-point detection is of great interest in applications such as target tracking, anomaly detection and trend filtering. In many cases, it is also desirable to localize the change- point, if it exists. Motivated by the unprecedented scale and rate of modern high-dimensional streaming data, we propose a change-point detection and estimation procedure based on data sketching, which only requires a single sketch per high- dimensional data vector, by cyclically applying a small set of Gaussian sketching vectors. We demonstrate that when the underlying changes exhibit certain low-dimensional structures, such as sparsity, and the signal-to-noise ratio is not too small, the change-points can be reliably detected and located with a small number of sketching vectors based on filtering via convex optimization. Our procedure can be implemented in an online fashion to handle multiple change-points, since it sequentially operates on small windows of observations.
How Are Motor Skills Linked to Children's School Performance and Academic Achievement?

Children need a range of skills to transition successfully to formal schooling. In early childhood classrooms, children must master their fine and gross motor skills. In this article, we review the evidence that links motor skills to diverse school outcomes, then describe three sets of cognitive processes—motor coordination, executive function, and visuospatial skills—that are tapped by motor assessments. We then use these processes to explain how motor skills are implicated in children's self-regulation and their emergent literacy and numeracy. We conclude by encouraging theoretical and methodological approaches to clarify the mechanisms that implicate motor skills in school performance and achievement.
Abstract 289: Sex Hormones Influence Progression of Angiotensin II-Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Hypercholesterolemic Mice

Objectives: Similar to humans, angiotensin II (AngII)-induced abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) exhibit marked sexual dimorphism with a greater prevalence in male than female mice. We demonstrated that castration of male mice reduced formation of AngII-induced AAAs, while castration of females had no effect. However, the role of sex hormones (testosterone or estrogen) on the progression of an established AAA is undefined. We tested the hypothesis that sex hormones influence the progression of AngII-induced AAAs. Methods/Results: Male ApoE-/- male mice were infused with AngII (1,000 ng/kg/min) for 28 days to induce AAAs, stratified to sham-operated or castration groups, and subsequently infused with AngII for 56 days. Aortic lumen diameters were decreased significantly in castrated compared to sham controls (1.9 ± 0.1 vs 1.6 ± 0.1 mm, P 2 , 36 μg/ml) groups for 56 days of AngII infusions. Castration of females significantly increased aortic lumen diameters compared to castrated females administered E 2 (vehicle, 2.2 ±0.2; E 2 , 1.7 ± 0.1 mm, P 2 administration significantly decreased external aortic diameters (castrated, 2.6 ± 0.3; castrated+E 2 , 1.7 ± 0.1 mm, P 2 had significantly decreased atherosclerosis compared to sham controls (38.9 ± 3.6 vs 49.6 ± 2.3 % lesion surface area; P Conclusions: These results indicate that testosterone contributes to AAA progression in males whereas E 2 administration lowered AAA progression in female mice.
The use of fresh green koa haole leaves in chick rations.

Abstract KOA HAOLE (Leucaena glauca) is a small tree or woody shrub which grows in abundance in Hawaii. Throughout the year considerable quantities of the leaves are available for animal feeding, but heretofore limited use had been made of this product because of its mimosine content. The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether fresh green koa haole leaves would be injurious when fed to chicks, and, if not, to determine the age at which the optimum amount for growth could be fed to growing chicks. As far as is known, no literature has been published on the value of fresh green koa haole leaves as feed for poultry. However, dehydrated koa haole leaves and koa haole seed meal have been fed to different experimental subjects including chickens with varying results. Bice (1942) reported that laying pullets maintained 50 percent production when 5 percent of their ration was koa haole . . .
Ovicidal and Larvicidal Effects of Certain Herbicides on Honey Bees

The herbicides 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, silvex, 2,4-DB, dicamba, 2,3,6-TBA, picloram, chloramben, dalapon, and EPTC were fed in 60% sucrose-water solution to Apis mellifera L. colonies to determine their effects on brood production. Picloram, 2,3,6- TBA, and dicamba had no adverse effects on brood development at a concentration of 1000 parts per million active ingredient by weight (ppmw). Chloramben and dalapon caused reduction in brood development and 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, silvex, 2,4-DB, and EPTC severely reduced or eliminated brood production at this concentration. Both ester and salt formulations of the phenoxy herbicides prevented brood development. The phenoxy herbicides, when fed at concentrations of 10 ppmw, caused no adverse effect on brood development but reduced amount of brood when fed at concentrations of 100 ppmw. The eggs did not hatch in colonies fed the higher levels of phenoxy herbicides. The adverse effects of phenoxy herbicides on brood development were temporary and once the herbicide was removed brood development was resumed.
Probability as a guide in life

Bishop Butler, [Butler, 1736], said that probability was the very guide of life. But what interpretations of probability can serve diis function? It isn't hard to see that empirical (frequency) views won't do, and many recent writers—for example John Earman, who has said that Bayesianism is “die only game in town”—have been persuaded by various dutch book arguments that only subjective probability will perform die function required. We will defend the thesis mat probability construed in this way offers very little guidance, dutch book arguments notwidistanding. We will sketch a way out of the impasse.
A New Chapter in Antitrust Law: The Second Circuit's Decision in United States v. Apple Determines Hub-and-Spoke Conspiracy Per Se Illegal

On June 30, 2015, in United States v. Apple, Inc., the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit held that Apple’s agreements with five publishing companies violated the Sherman Act. With Apple as a retailer and the publishers as manufacturers, the agreements between the two groups were vertical. This classification is significant because in 2007 in Leegin Creative Leather Products v. PSKS, Inc., the Supreme Court held that all vertical agreements should be analyzed under the rule of reason. Rather than looking at the structure of the agreements, however, the Second Circuit focused on the type of market restraint that the agreements imposed. Because the vertical agreements facilitated a horizontal conspiracy to raise and set ebook prices, the court reasoned that the agreements were per se illegal. This Comment argues that the Second Circuit erred in finding that the agreements were per se illegal. By ignoring the rule of reason analysis, the Second Circuit’s holding prevented Apple from demonstrating the procompetitive justifications for its agreements.
Dural carotid cavernous fistulas: endovascular treatment and assessment of the correlation between clinical symptoms and the Cognard classification system

Objective To present our experience with endovascular treatment of dural carotid cavernous fistulas (DCCFs) and determine if there is a correlation between clinical symptoms and the Cognard classification system. Methods We searched our institutional neurovascular database to identify patients treated for DCCFs from January 1995 to May 2015. DCCFs were defined as a vascular shunt between meningeal branches of the internal carotid artery (ICA), external carotid artery (ECA), or both, draining into the cavernous sinus. Clinical symptoms were recorded based on clinical examination. Lesions were classified on angiography using the Cognard and Barrow classification systems. Treatment goal was defined as symptomatic cure based on clinical examination, cure of ophthalmic venous drainage, and cortical venous reflux on angiography. Results The search revealed 37 patients with DCCFs; 32 DCCFs underwent endovascular treatment. The primary treatment goal was met in 30/32 (94%) lesions, with one neurologic complication (1/34; 3%). We identified 31 Cognard IIa fistulas, 4 Cognard IIa+b, 2 Cognard IIb, 7 Barrow B, 7 Barrow C, and 23 Barrow D fistulas. Eye redness, proptosis, and ocular pain were significantly lower in the Cognard IIb group than in the Cognard IIa and IIa+b groups (p=0.0015). Intracranial hemorrhage was more likely in the Cognard IIb group than in the Cognard IIa and IIa+b groups, with marginal significance (p=0.054). No correlation was seen between symptomatology and the Barrow classification. Conclusions Endovascular treatment of DCCFs has a high degree of clinical success and a low complication rate. The Cognard system is suitable for grading DCCFs as it correlates with presenting symptomatology and venous drainage patterns. The Barrow classification adds no value in grading DCCFs.
Microwave-enhanced Friedländer synthesis for the rapid assembly of halogenated quinolines with antibacterial and biofilm eradication activities against drug resistant and tolerant bacteria

Herein, we disclose the development of a catalyst- and protecting-group-free microwave-enhanced Friedlander synthesis which permits the single-step, convergent assembly of diverse 8-hydroxyquinolines with greatly improved reaction yields over traditional oil bath heating (increased from 34% to 72%). This rapid synthesis permitted the discovery of novel biofilm-eradicating halogenated quinolines (MBECs = 1.0–23.5 μM) active against MRSA, MRSE, and VRE. These small molecules exhibit activity through mechanisms independent of membrane lysis, further demonstrating their potential as a clinically useful treatment option against persistent biofilm-associated infections.
A random direction algorithm for an intersection problem

A nonlinear SOR-type algorithm is established to find the intersection of a finite number of closed convex sets in a Hilbert space.
Identification of the Landmark Registration Safe Zones During Total Knee Arthroplasty Using an Imageless Navigation System

Incorrect registration during computer assisted total knee arthroplasty (CA-TKA) leads to malposition of implants. Our aim was to evaluate the tolerable error in anatomic landmark registration. We incorrectly registered the femoral epicondyles, femoral and tibial centers, as well as the malleoli and documented the change in angulation or rotation. We found that the distal femoral epicondyles were the most difficult anatomic landmarks to register. The other bony landmarks were more forgiving. Identification of the distal femoral epicondyles has a high inter- and intra-observer variability. Our observation that there is less than 2 mm of safe zone in the anterior or posterior direction during registration of the medial and lateral epicondyles may explain the inability of CA-TKA to improve upon the outcomes of conventional TKA.
Why-questions, topicality and intervention effects in Chinese

This paper revisits intervention effects in Mandarin Chinese why-questions. I present new data showing that the ability for quantifiers to induce intervention hinges upon their monotonicity and their ability to be interpreted as topics. I then develop a semantic account that correlates topicality with monotone properties. Furthermore, I propose that why-questions in Chinese are idiosyncratic in that why directly merges at a high scope position that stays above a propositional argument. Combining the semantic idiosyncrasies of why-questions with the wide scope behaviors of topicality, I conclude that my account explains a wide range of intervention phenomena in terms of interpretation failure.
Technological Learning: Lessons from the Industrial Policy States of East Asia

This chapter discusses the role of the state in economic development in general and emphasizes the pivotal role of the state in rapid industrialization by adopting the appropriate industrial policy. In the way of providing specific policy recommendations, the chapter reviews the methods and outcomes of the industrial policies of South Korea and mainland China and identifies the specific challenges the Iranian technology planners face in creating suitable conditions for rapid technological learning.
Decentering Attenuates the Associations of Negative Affect and Positive Affect With Psychopathology

Theory on decentering—an observer perspective on one’s ongoing internal experiences—suggests that decentering may be a protective factor against extreme affective states in predicting psychopatholo...
Bioorganosiliciumchemie und verwandte Gebiete

Wir kommen wieder zum Ausgangspunkt zuruck, dem Traum von Friedrich Wohler aus dem Jahre 1851: ein neues Gebiet ahnlich der organischen Chemie aufzutun, in dem nicht Kohlenstoff sondern Silicium das Schlusselelement darstellt. Wir sollten hierbei auch Frederic Stanley Kippings gedenken, der ein halbes Jahrhundert spater wissen wollte, wie weit er mit der Substitution von Kohlenstoff durch Silicium in gangigen organischen Verbindungen gehen konnte und welche Eigenschaften diese Siliciumanaloga haben wurden. Wenn diese beiden Unternehmungen, an den ursprunglichen Erwartungen gemessen, auch wenig einbrachten, Wohler und Kipping entledigten sich ihrer selbstgestellten Aufgabe in bewundernswerter Weise. Es mangelte vielmehr an der Anerkennung durch das chemische Establishment an den Universitaten und in der Industrie, und die begonnenen Forschungen brachen einfach ab. So gut wie niemand zeigte Interesse. Erst nach dem Aufkommen der Siliconpolymere lebte das Interesse wieder auf, und es gab nun Forschungsmittel. Das lange vernachlassigte Gebiet siliciumsubstituierter Farbstoffe, Riechstoffe und Arzneimittel kam zu neuer Blute. Dieses Kapitel handelt in erster Linie von der Rolle von Silicium in Lebewesen und der Synthese und den Eigenschaften biologisch aktiver Organosiliciumverbindungen, aber auf diesem Weg wollen wir uns auch mit einigen siliciumsubstituierten Farb- und Riechstoffen beschaftigen.
Political Advertising in the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election: Ad Hominem Ad Nauseam:

Political advertisements (N = 136) from the 2016 U.S. presidential election are content analyzed in this study that investigates message strategy used by Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton in their televised ads. The negative nature of the campaign, and the high negative views voters held for Trump and Clinton, seems to have influenced the tone and focus of the ads. Despite Trump’s reputation for ad hominem attacks throughout the primary and general election phases of the presidential campaign, it was Clinton who waged more ad hominem attacks in her advertisements, mostly focused on labeling Trump as unfit for office. Trump and his supportive political action committee groups were more likely to run contrast ads to compare differences between his policies and Clinton’s policies, but Clinton’s campaign failed to use a full range of message strategies to contrast her policies with Trump’s and to bolster her own image through her campaign ads.
Computing and Values: (Abstract Only)

Computing is not neutral. The way that we collect and manipulate data, the decisions that are programmed into autonomous devices, even the ways that we use each other's code reflects someone's values. Because technology has more and more influence in society, consideration of these values should be a part of a Computer Science student's education. The ACM/IEEE 2013 Curricula Guidelines for Computer Science programs reflects this imperative. The writers of the document suggest that between 11 and 16 of the core hours be devoted to Social Issues and Professional Practice. Where and how should we include the essential discussions of values, ethical considerations, social issues, and professional practice in the curricula? Should a whole course be devoted to the topic? If so, when in the program should it appear? Should we instead incorporate values topics related to the subject matter in each computing course? If so how? Perhaps we should leave the discussion to the philosophers or ethicists on campus. Will our students then be able to make the connection between computing and general ethics/values frameworks? Which aspects of values judgments should be addressed? Can we generalize in a way that will still apply to future advances in our fields? We'd like to hear from you.
Uremic encephalopathy in a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta): A case report and a brief review of the veterinary literature.

Background Uremic encephalopathy is uncommon yet is one of the most severe complications of renal failure. We present a case of acute renal failure and associated cerebral and vascular lesions consistent with uremic encephalopathy in a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta). Methods A 14-year-old, female, specific-pathogen-free rhesus macaque presented in lateral recumbency, obtunded, severely dehydrated, and hypothermic, with severe azotemia, mild hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypochloremia, increased anion gap, and hypercholesterolemia. Due to poor prognosis, the animal was euthanized and a complete necropsy was conducted. Results The animal had diffuse proximal renal tubular epithelial necrosis and loss; regeneration of tubular epithelium was not observed. There was bilateral necrosis and loss of neurons and glial cells in the hippocampus and deep cerebral cortex with edema and multifocal areas of hemorrhage. Conclusion We present the first reported case of uremic encephalopathy in a rhesus macaque and describe the associated cerebral and vascular lesions.
Preferential concentration of noninertial buoyant particles in the ocean mixed layer under free convection

A large eddy simulation is used to study the surface patterns of noninertial passive buoyant particles in the ocean mixed layer. A mechanism for preferential concentration that is independent of inertial effects is then identified and quantified as a function of the terminal rise velocity.
Carcinoma of Unknown Primary

A 74-year-old woman presented with seizures and change in mental status. An MRI of the brain revealed a single ring-enhancing 1.6 ?× ?2.1 ?× ?2.1 cm mass with surrounding prominent edema in the deep white matter of the left posterior parietal region. The radiological differential diagnosis was a high grade glioma versus a metastatic malignancy. She had been debilitated all of her life due to brain damage during birth, with related hearing loss and mental retardation. There was no significant family history. On admission, her vital signs were unremarkable and no palpable masses were identified in the body, including her breasts. The laboratory data were unremarkable. She underwent craniotomy for gross total excision of the tumor. Histologic examination showed a metastatic, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with massive necrosis. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were diffusely and strongly positive for cytokeratin 7 (CK-7) (basic cytokeratin found on specific epithelia, such as breast, lung, and gastric cancers) and mammaglobin (breast marker); focally positive for p63 and CA125 (urothelial markers), CD10 and PAX-2 (renal cell markers), and gross cystic disease fluid protein (GCDFP)-15 (breast marker); and negative for CK-20 (colonic and urothelial marker), CDX-2 (colonic marker), CA19-9 (pancreatic marker), TTF-1 (thyroid and lung marker), GFAP (glial marker), S-100 protein (neural and melanoma marker), RCC (renal cell marker), and WT-1 (ovarian marker). As a metastatic evaluation, a CT scan of the thorax, abdomen, and pelvis was performed, and revealed no suspected primary or secondary malignancies. The patient did not cooperate for mammography. By bilateral breast ultrasonography, a 1.5 cm solid mass was detected in her left breast. Her family decided against further invasive procedures for diagnostic purposes.
Escherichia coli O157:H7 prevalence in fecal samples of cattle from a southeastern beef cow-calf herd.

The proportion of fecal samples culture-positive for Escherichia coli O157:H7 was determined for samples collected from 296 beef cows on pasture in a single Florida herd in October, November, and December 2001. The overall proportion of samples that cultured positive was 0.03. The proportion of cows that were culture-positive on at least one occasion was 0.091. No effect of pregnancy status or nutritional regimen on the proportion of culture-positive samples for E. coli O157:H7 was detected. We detected a breed effect on the shedding of E. coli 0157, with Romosinuano cows having a lower (P < 0.01) proportion of samples culture-positive than Angus or Brahman cows. This difference might have resulted from the presence of confounding variables; however, it also might represent evidence of breed-to-breed genetic variation in E. coli 0157 shedding. Further research is warranted to evaluate breed as a possible risk factor for shedding of this important foodborne pathogen. Further substantiated findings could indicate that breed is a cow-calf-level critical control point of E. coli O157:H7.
Policy Management and Regulatory Compliance

Policy management and regulatory compliance extend well beyond administrative management and touches all levels of an organization. The role of an imaging informatics professional is to be knowledgeable on organizational, local, state, and federal requirements and to assure that his area of responsibility is in compliance with these requirements. This chapter covers the most significant federal regulations that currently impact the imaging informatics professional. The chapter ends with a review of the requirements for professional certification in imaging informatics.
Selby C. Jacobs and Jeanne L. Steiner, Eds. Yale Textbook of Public Psychiatry: Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2016, 312 pp. (hardcover), ISBN-13: 9780190214678

The Yale Textbook of Public Psychiatry is an excellent overview of the evolution of public psychiatry across diagnostic categories served in behavior health. Particular attention is given to indivi...