cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Medial Knee Injury Part 2, Load Sharing Between the Posterior Oblique Ligament and Superficial Medial Collateral Ligament

BackgroundThere is limited information regarding directly measured load responses of the posterior oblique and superficial medial collateral ligaments in isolated and multiple medial knee ligament injury states.HypothesesTensile load responses from both the superficial medial collateral ligament and the posterior oblique ligament would be measurable and reproducible, and the native load-sharing relationships between these ligaments would be altered after sectioning of medial knee structures.Study DesignDescriptive laboratory study.MethodsTwenty-four nonpaired, fresh-frozen adult cadaveric knees were distributed into 3 sequential sectioning sequences. Buckle transducers were applied to the posterior oblique ligament and the proximal and distal divisions of the superficial medial collateral ligament; 10 N·m valgus moments and 5 N·m internal and external rotation torques were applied at 0°, 20°, 30°, 60°, and 90° of knee flexion.ResultsWith an applied valgus and external rotation moment, there was a signific...
Thermodynamic properties of weak acids involved in enzyme-catalyzed reactions.

Measurements of apparent equilibrium constants and transformed enthalpies of enzyme-catalyzed reactions are making it possible to obtain ΔfG° and ΔfH° of species of biochemical reactants in dilute aqueous solution that could never have been determined classically. This article is concerned with the pKs that determine the pH dependencies of the standard transformed thermodynamic properties of biochemical reactants. The database BasicBiochemData3 makes it possible to calculate 82 pKs of 60 reactants as functions of ionic strength at 298.15 K. Standard enthalpies of formation of all the species are known for 27 of these reactants, and so their pKs can be calculated as functions of temperature and ionic strength. This article also presents calculations of ΔrG°, ΔrH°, and ΔrS° at 298.15 K and three ionic strengths for the 42 pKs of these 27 reactants.
Spectrum-sliced, 25-GHz spaced, 155 Mbps/spl times/32 channel WDM access

We estimated the BER performance of spectrum-sliced WDM access influenced by adjacent crosstalk numerically and experimentally. The BER performance was improved as the spectral width was widened, while it was degraded by the crosstalk as the spectral width approached the channel spacing. We derived the optimum spectral width as 14 GHz at a channel spacing of 25 GHz and a bit rate of 155 Mbps, and the BER was estimated to be less than 10/sup -15/ between 12 to 16 GHz. The transmission performance was also measured by experiments using 15-GHz wide, 25-GHz channel-spaced, 155-Mbps /spl times/ 32-channel transmissions through 50-km of DSF, and showed good agreement with the calculated results.
Volumetric quantitation of leaflet geometry in mitral valve prolapse using three dimensional echocardiography

Summary form only given. A technique to reconstruct topographic mitral leaflet surfaces and measure their 3-D volumetric displacement above the annulus has been developed. It allows quantitative assessment of leaflet position and displacement in both normals and patients with MVP (mitral valve prolapse) and can be used to clarify the significance of proposed clinical and echocardiographic markers of this disease. The technique involves creating a coherent leaflet surface of the closed valve in systole from traces derived from 2-D images and reconstructed in 3-D, finding the plane of least squares fit (LSQP) to the mitral annulus to provide a frame of reference, and measuring either the volume enclosed between the LSQP and the leaflet surface above it, or the volume between the leaflet surface and a plane parallel to the LSQP and passing through the high points of the annulus. For ten normal subjects and five patients with MVP, the displacement above the LSQP was significantly higher in the latter, and displacement above the high points of the annulus occurred only in MVP patients. >
Scheduling for interactive operations in parallel video servers

Providing efficient support for interactive operations such as fast-forward and fast-backward is essential in video-on-demand and other multimedia server systems. The authors present two basic approaches for scheduling interactive operations, the prefetching approach and the grouping approach. Scheduling algorithms are presented for both fine-grain and coarse-grain data blocks. These algorithms can precisely schedule video streams for both normal playout and interactive operations.
Effect of lignin content and magnesium-to-manganese ratio on the selectivity of oxygen delignification in softwood kraft pulp

A series of oxygen delignification experiments were performed on two softwood kraft pulps that had differing starting lignin contents. One had an initial kappa of 40 and the other 25, corresponding to lignin contents of 6% and 3.75% by dry mass, respectively. Several chemical process modifications were examined to determine their influence over the delignification selectivity and final pulp viscosity. A 2k factorial format was used to assess the significance of varying the temperature, time, and Mg/Mn ratio during the oxygen delig- nification of the pulps. It was found that the lower lignin content pulp displayed greater delig- nification selectivity than the higher lignin content pulp. Kappa numbers, viscosity values, and ICP metals contents were determined and are the basis of discussion for the results obtained.
Disease progression in pediatric multiple sclerosis: disparities between physical and neurocognitive outcomes

Growing information regarding the neurocognitive burden of pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) has become available in recent years. Whereas natural history studies suggest a longer time to irreversible disability in the pediatric population with MS than in the adult MS population, increasing knowledge suggests a relatively rapid accrual of cognitive deficits in this young population. This article will explore this paradox, taking into account studies that have focused on neuroimaging, cognition and outcomes in pediatric MS.
High performance spiral inductors embedded on organic substrates for SOP applications

This paper presents the design, measured data, and systematic analysis of spiral embedded inductors fabricated on standard organic substrates using low-cost, large-area MCM-L technology. Several configurations for inductors were investigated to optimize the inductor layout dimensions such as conductor width, number of turns, inner diameter, spacing between inductor and ground, and inductor area. A maximum Q of 100 was measured for a 3.6 nH inductor at 1.8 GHz on an organic substrate with a self resonance frequency of 10.6 GHz within an inductor core area of 0.72 mm/sup 2/. The effects of configurational variables on inductor characteristics such as quality factor, self-resonance frequency, and inductance are discussed. High-Q inductors embedded on organic substrates can find numerous RF and microwave system-on-package (SOP) applications, such as VCOs, IF/RF bandpass filters, LNAs, etc., in which IC chips are flip-chip mounted on the package substrate.
Training Transfer: An Integrative Literature Review:

Given the proliferation of training transfer studies in various disciplines, we provide an integrative and analytical review of factors impacting transfer of training. Relevant empirical research for transfer across the management, human resource development (HRD), training, adult learning, performance improvement, and psychology literatures is integrated into the review. We synthesize the developing knowledge regarding the primary factors influencing transfer—learner characteristics, intervention design and delivery, and work environment influences—to identify variables with substantive support and to discern the most pressing gaps. Ultimately, a critique of the state of the transfer literature is provided and targeted suggestions are outlined to guide future empirical and theoretical work in a meaningful direction.
A Lifting Algorithm for Output-only Continuous Scan Laser Doppler Vibrometry

Continuous Scan Laser Doppler Vibrometry (CSLDV) can greatly accelerate modal testing by continuously sweeping the measuring laser over the structure, effectively capturing the response of the structure at tens or even hundreds of points simultaneously. The authors recently extended this technique to the case where the input forces are unmeasured and random using harmonic power spectrum. This paper presents a variant on the proposed method that combines lifting, a resampling approach, with the output only algorithm. Lifting causes all of the peaks in the harmonic power spectrum to collapse onto a single peak for each mode, greatly simplifying modal parameter estimation. The proposed approach works by estimating and then lifting the harmonic correlation function, which is analogous to the impulse response of the system. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on a simulated beam and compared with the previous output only methods, indicating that the new approach gives comparable results to those of the previous methods but the data reduction is far simpler. The algorithm is then used to identify the first several modes of a parked wind turbine under wind excitation, capturing the deformation shape along one blade in detail. A new long range Remote Sensing Vibrometer (RSV) from PolyTec ® was employed for these measurements. This new vibrometer allows the first several modes of the turbine to be captured, from a standoff distance of 77 meters without the retro-reflective tape applied to the turbine. The speckle noise in the measurements is found to be remarkably small, allowing a 36 Hz scan frequency to be employed, which corresponds to a surface velocity of the laser spot of more than 500 m/s.
Improving the flexibility of RNA-Seq data analysis pipelines

Accurate quantification of gene or isoform expression with RNA-Seq depends on complete knowledge of the transcriptome. Because a complete genomic annotation does not yet exist, novel isoform discovery is an important component of the RNA-Seq quantification process. Thus, a typical RNA-Seq pipeline includes a transcriptome mapping step to quantify known genes and isoforms, and a reference genome mapping step to discover new genes and isoforms. Several tools implement this approach, but are limited in that they force the use of a single mapping algorithm at both the transcriptome and reference genome mapping stages. The choice of mapping algorithm could affect quantification accuracy on a per-dataset basis. Thus, we describe a method that enables the merging of transcriptome and reference genome mapping stages provided that they conform to the standard SAM/BAM format. This procedure could potentially improve the accuracy of gene or isoform quantification by increasing flexibility when selecting RNA-Seq data analysis pipelines. We demonstrate an example of a flexible RNA-Seq pipeline, assess its potential for novel isoform discovery and validate its quantification performance using qRT-PCR.
Bacteriophage T4 and its relatives

Bacteriophage T4 and its relatives (A series of critical reviews) Jim Karam & Eric Miller In the coming months Virology Journal will publish a number of authoritative reviews about the biochemistry, structural biology and genomics of the bacteriophage T4 and the T4-related phages. Phage T4 is one of the most extensively investigated viruses and has been the central focus of several monographs and reviews over the last 25 years. Its popularity among experimental biologists is related to the ease with which this phage and some of its relatives can be propagated in widely available nonpathogenic laboratory strains of Escherichia coli and the diversity of experimental approaches that can be used to analyze its DNA genome and the RNA and protein products it encodes. The T4 biological system is amenable to investigation by genetic, phylogenetic, biochemical, biophysical, structural, computational and other tools. Advances in T4 science have paralleled advances in Molecular Biology since the birth of this interdisciplinary field around the middle of the 20 Century [1,2]. Such seminal discoveries as the chemical nature of the gene, the existence of messenger RNA, how the genetic code is read, how genes determine protein structure, how DNA is replicated by multicomponent protein machines and many other findings that have become integral to our current understanding of basic molecular mechanism in biology have typically involved important contributions from the T4 and T4-related experimental systems. The last monograph to comprehensively review all aspects of the molecular biosciences of the T4 virus was published in 1994 [3]. Since that time, the field of Molecular Biology has undergone considerable transformation, particularly as a consequence of advancements in the methods for sequencing microbial and eukaryotic genomes and using DNA sequence data for novel experimental designs that have yielded numerous rewards in resolving biological mysteries and stimulating the growth of biotechnology. The review series to be published in Virology Journal will emphasize advances and seminal discoveries in four major areas of T4 research: Genomics, Gene Expression, DNA Replication and Phage Morphogenesis.
Inertial-aided KLT feature tracking for a moving camera

We propose a novel inertial-aided KLT feature tracking method robust to camera ego-motions. The conventional KLT uses images only and its working condition is inherently limited to small appearance change between images. When big optical flows are induced by a camera-ego motion, an inertial sensor attached to the camera can provide a good prediction to preserve the tracking performance. We use a low-grade MEMS-based gyroscope to refine an initial condition of the nonlinear optimization in the KLT. It increases the possibility for warping parameters to be in the convergence region of the KLT. For longer tracking with less drift, we use the affine photometric model and it can effectively deal with camera rolling and outdoor illumination change. Extra computational cost caused by this higher-order motion model is alleviated by restraining the Hessian update and GPU acceleration. Experimental results are provided for both indoor and outdoor scenes and GPU implementation issues are discussed.
Synthesis of mersalyl analogs.

Abstract The synthesis of a series of new organo‐mercurial diuretics analogous to mersalyl is described. The differences in structure include the presence of other aromatic rings than benzene, and sulfonamide rather than carbonamide linkages. The compounds produced some diuretic activity, but a comparison with commercial compounds is difficult because of solubility problems.
Distributions of stopping times for poisson processes with linear boundaries

Explicit formulae are derived for the distributions of stopping times associated with Poisson processes and linear boundaries. These distributions are required for various applications of sequential stopping in statistics, risk assessment for insurance, dam engineering, etc.
Children's Representations of “Everyday” Aspects of Health and Illness

Moving beyond a focus on children's conceptions of causation, the study sought to (a) identify and evaluate additional dimensions along which young children's conceptions of illness might be organized and (b) to discover how young children also understand health concepts related to nutrition and routine preventive medical examination. 27 healthy preschool children, ages 4-6 were interviewed about their conceptions of common illness, knowledge of basic nutrition, and understanding of medical procedures and instruments associated with a standard pediatric examination. The findings demonstrated that children understand five characteristics of illness representations, which have also been identified in adults. They include causation, identity, consequence, time line, and cure. Associations among illness dimensions, concepts of nutrition, and knowledge about routine medical examinations were also found and are discussed in terms of their implications for future research.
Performance of Broiler Breeder Males Given Low Protein Feed

One hundred and eight 24-wk-old broiler breeder males were arranged into 18 groups of six birds of equal average BW. Six groups were killed for carcass evaluation at 24 wk of age; the other 12 groups were divided between two dietary treatments. One treatment was a typical breeder-recommended male broiler breeder ration (standard, or ST; 12% CP, 3,160 kcal ME/kg), whereas the other was a low-protein, corn-based diet (all corn, or AC; 8% CP, 3,220 kcal ME/kg) formulated to approximate minimum amino acid requirements for positive nitrogen balance. All birds were fed at a rate of 325 kcal ME/day per bird to 68 wk of age. Body weight, semen volume, and sperm concentration were evaluated weekly. All birds remaining at 68 wk were killed for carcass evaluation. Feed and age effects on BW were highly significant (P less than .001). However, birds did not respond similarly to treatments with increasing age. Birds fed ST were heavier and surpassed breeder-recommended BW by 38 wk of age, whereas birds given AC were lighter and remained below breeder-recommended weights throughout the study. Semen production was measured by semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm yield, and proportion of males producing semen; values were similar for treatments at all ages. Birds given the AC feed had more carcass fat than ST-fed birds at 68 wk of age, but ST-fed birds had the same proportion of fat at 68 wk as birds killed at 24 wk. Results suggest that the amino acid levels provided by the AC diet were less than adequate for optimal BW gain, but adequate for semen production.
‘We are citizens too’: the politics of citizenship in independent Ghana

This paper examines Ghana's struggle to create a pluralistic nationality that guarantees universal rights to all citizens, including people of foreign origin. A major recipient of colonial labour migrants who considered themselves citizens of Ghana at the time of independence, Ghana provides an excellent case study for exploring the ambiguities and malleability of post-colonial citizenship. Analysing the various ways in which Ghanaian politicians have struggled to redefine the nationality status of descendants of migrants from other parts of West Africa since independence, I argue that the politicisation of Ghana's post-colonial citizenship stems not only from the country's colonial legacy, but also from struggles over diminishing economic resources between the late 1960s and early 1980s that led some indigenous Ghanaians to declare the non-autochthonous population as ‘aliens’ who should be excluded from the benefits of citizenship. Constitutional provisions that recognised citizenship by birth were contested by popular perceptions that only the autochthonous are ‘true’ citizens and are thus the only legitimate beneficiaries of political and economic rights.
Involvement of de novo ceramide synthesis in gamma-tocopherol and gamma-tocotrienol-induced apoptosis in human breast cancer cells

Scope This study further examines mechanisms involved in the pro-apoptotic action of gamma-tocopherol (γT) and gamma-tocotrienol (γT3) in human breast cancer cell lines. Methods and results γT upregulates phospho-JNK (pJNK), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), and death receptor-5 (DR5) protein expression as detected by Western blot assays. siRNA knockdown of JNK, CHOP, or DR5 shows that γT-induced apoptosis is JNK/CHOP/DR5 signaling dependent, which is similar to γT3-mediated apoptotic signaling. Furthermore, both γT and γT3 induce increased levels of cellular ceramides and dihydroceramides as determined by LC-MS/MS analyses. Inhibition of de novo ceramide synthesis using chemical inhibitors blocked the ability of γT and γT3 to induce apoptosis as detected by Annexin V-FITC/PI assay and to activate JNK/CHOP/DR5 pro-apoptotic signaling thereby demonstrating the involvement of de novo ceramide synthesis in γT- and γT3-induced apoptosis. Conclusion Taken together, data show that both γT and γT3 induce apoptosis via de novo ceramide synthesis dependent activation of JNK/CHOP/DR5 pro-apoptotic signaling.
Clinical Textbook of Addictive Disorders (3rd ed.), by Richard J. Frances, Sheldon I. Miller, and Avram H. Mack (Eds.)

This is an impressive but somewhat uneven collection of chapters by experts who generally address the foundations of addiction, assessment, specific forms of substance abuse, special populations, a...
The Direction of Crude Oil Prices: The Role of Market Structure

This article focuses on the price inelasticity of demand for crude oil in the short run and its implications. We show that any producer with a share greater than the elasticity of demand, weighted by its profit margin, could benefit by curbing supply to increase profits. This means high cost producers have a lower threshold to meet before they can profit from a reduction in output. It also implies that high cost producers without major shares may benefit, albeit not as much as those who free ride on cuts by others. We note that the increased competitiveness of the global oil market and differing national preferences may be preventing cooperation that would benefit many producers.
Impact of WFIRST-AFTA line-of-sight jitter distributions on phase-induced amplitude apodization complex mask coronagraph science yield

A framework for evaluating the science yield of a coronagraph in the presence of a variety of line-of-sight jitter environments is described and the use of a tip-tilt threshold for improving science yield is proposed. The current expectations of the WFIRST-AFTA mission are used for specific distributions of line-of-sight jitter, including the current expectations for tip-tilt correction using a low-order wavefront sensor/control. The effect of the residual tip-tilt on the phase-induced amplitude apodization complex mask coronagraph (PIAACMC) architecture is considered, because the performance of the PIAACMC architecture is expected to be dominated by tip-tilt sensitivity, implying that this treatment has a large impact on the final science yield. The most important outcomes of this study are that the rms residual tip-tilt expected after correction is 0.6 mas rms/axis and that by eliminating some science frames during analysis through a tip-tilt threshold, the number of planets observable increases by ∼25% for the 550-nm imaging channel. The number of known radial velocity planets expected to be observed ranges from 29 to 78 at 550 nm and from 9 to 12 at 890 nm.
Consumer Involvement and Deception from Implied Advertising Claims

Results from Experiment 1 reveal that consumers highly involved in processing an advertisement are likely to make invalid inferences from incomplete-comparison claims at the time of processing and,...
Hypocrea virens sp. nov., the teleomorph of Trichoderma virens

The new species Hypocrea virens, has been found to be the teleomorph of Trichoderma virens, a species commonly used in biological control appli- cations. This conclusion is based on the comparison of morphological and molecular data from four iso- lates of T virens and a single collection and isolate of H. virens. Data for several morphological charac- ters, including colony and growth characteristics, were collected. In addition, sequence data from ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2 rDNA and translation elongation factor (tef-la) were analyzed for the five isolates. Analysis of phenotypic characters show that cultures and micro- scopic characters of the anamorph of H. virens are indistinguishable from those of T virens. This is con- sistent with sequence data from ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2 rDNA which show that the sequence of H. virens is identical to that of the ex-type isolate of T virens. Despite minor variation in tef-la sequences, T. virens isolates and H. virens form a monophyletic group that is different from other examined species of Hy- pocrea; this clade is supported by a 100% bootstrap value. Molecular and morphological data confirm the connection between H. virens and T virens.
Prothrombin time after heparin removal. Application to monitoring simultaneous anticoagulation with heparin and coumarins

Coumarin-anticoagulated plasmas from 31 subjects comprising two study groups were passed through epichlorohydrin triethanolamine cellulose (ECTEOLA) chromatography columns. Group I plasmas, which were run with nothing added, had mean prothrombin times of 21.6 +/- 5.4 sec prior to and 22.4 +/- 5.6 sec following exposure to these columns (r = 0.9449; t = 1.8307, P less than 0.100). The mean prothrombin time for Group II, 18.2 +/- 4.9 sec, lengthened with 5 u/ml heparin to 35.5 +/- 16.2 sec, and returned to 19.2 +/- 5.0 (r = 0.9763) after chromatography. Therefore, it appears that coumarin anticoagulation had no significant influence upon the capacity of ECTEOLA effectively to remove heparin in therapeutic doses. This means that virtually all prothrombin time reagent systems can be employed to monitor concurrent heparin and coumarin anticoagulation. In addition, quality control of the combined technic is simpler, and the technic more sensitive to low levels of fibrinogen and factor V.
Current Status of Genome Editing in Cardiovascular Medicine

During the past decades, numerous genetic mutations have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). With the launching of the Precision Medicine Initiative in January 2015, emerging technologies such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and genome editing are well positioned to provide powerful tools to correlate genotypes with phenotypes. These new technologies are helping to identify specific mutations associated with human CVDs. Patient-specific iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) offer an exciting experimental platform to model CVDs, study the molecular basis of cardiovascular biology, accelerate predictive drug toxicology tests, and advance potential regenerative therapies. By harnessing the power of genome engineering, scientists are uncovering the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of CVDs, which will pave the way for the development of new personalized prediction, prevention, and treatment of diseases.
Experimental Investigation of Effect of Exhaust Gas Recirculation and Cottonseed B20 Biodiesel Fuel on Diesel Engine

Abstract The effect of EGR and cottonseed B20 biodiesel on engine performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a single cylinder diesel engine with power rating of 3 kW and at constant speed of 1500 rpm are studied. It is observed that ignition delay is shorter with cottonseed B20 biodiesel as compare to base diesel due to biodiesel is having higher cetane number and oxygenated fuel. It is decreased from 9.5 °CA with base diesel to 8.5 °CA with cottonseed B20 biodiesel. Premixed combustion phase is increased with cottonseed B20 biodiesel as compared base diesel whereas diffusion combustion phase is decreased. The higher premixed combustion phase is responsible for higher NOx emission. Utilization of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) 4% and 6% by volume shows deterioration in performance of the diesel engine. This was the main reason to use small quantity (4% and 6% by volume) of EGR only to reduce NOx. NOx emission increased with cottonseed B20 biodiesel whereas the emission decreased with exhaust gas recirculation. CO and HC emission decreased with cottonseed B20 biodiesel due to zero aromatic, oxygenated fuel results in clean burning of fuel. However, CO and HC emissions slightly increased with exhaust gas recirculation.
Checkpoint Proteins in Pediatric Brain and Extracranial Solid Tumors: Opportunities for Immunotherapy

Pediatric brain and extracranial solid tumors are a diverse group of malignancies that represent almost half of all pediatric cancers. Standard therapy includes various combinations of surgery, cytotoxic chemotherapy, and radiation, which can be very harmful to a developing child, and survivors carry a substantial burden of long-term morbidities. Although these therapies have improved survival rates for children with solid tumors, outcomes still remain extremely poor for subsets of patients. Recently, immunosuppressive checkpoint molecules that negatively regulate immune cell function have been described. When found on malignant cells or in the tumor microenvironment, they contribute to immune evasion and tumor escape. Agents designed to inhibit these proteins have demonstrated significant efficacy in human adult solid tumor studies. However, there is limited research focusing on immune checkpoint molecules and inhibitors in pediatric solid tumors. In this review, we examine the current knowledge on immune checkpoint proteins with an emphasis on cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4); programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1); OX-2 membrane glycoprotein (CD200); and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). We review T-cell signaling, the mechanisms of action of these checkpoint molecules, pediatric preclinical studies on checkpoint proteins and checkpoint blockade, pediatric checkpoint inhibitor clinical trials conducted to date, and future immunotherapy opportunities for childhood cancers. Clin Cancer Res; 23(2); 342-50. ©2016 AACR.
Students’ Ability to Communicate a Critical Situation After Implementation of ISBARR in an Undergraduate Nursing Curriculum

Effective communication has been identified as a key factor in maintaining patient safety, promoting a professional attitude, and facilitating collaboration between health care professionals. This study evaluated whether the implementation of ISBARR (I=Identify Self, S=Situation, B=Background, R=Recommendations, R=Read Back Orders) into the curriculum improved nursing students’ ability to give a critical situation report. A sample of senior level students watched a videotaped critical situation and then gave an audiotaped ISBARR report. There were no significant differences in students’ ability to give an ISBARR report following implementation of ISBARR into the curriculum. There was a moderate correlation of ISBARR scores with grade point average (GPA). Students with higher GPAs did better in communicating a critical situation. As with any change, implementation of ISBARR into the curriculum will take time to be fully integrated. The true impact on student outcomes and performance may not be apparent for a number of years.
Survival of the pegged glenoid component in shoulder arthroplasty: part II.

Background Loosening of the glenoid component is a primary reason for failure of an anatomic shoulder arthroplasty. Pegged glenoids were designed in an effort to outperform keeled components. This study evaluated the midterm clinical and radiographic survival of a single implant design with implantation of an in-line pegged glenoid component and identified risk factors for radiographic loosening and clinical failure. Materials and methods There were 330 total shoulder arthroplasties that had been implanted with a cemented, all-polyethylene, in-line pegged glenoid component evaluated with an average clinical follow-up of 7.2 years. Of these shoulders, 287 had presurgical, initial postsurgical, and late postsurgical radiographs (mean radiographic follow-up, 7.0 years). Results At most recent follow-up, 30 glenoid components had been revised for aseptic loosening. This translated to a rate of glenoid component survival free from revision for all 330 shoulders of 99% at 5 years and 83% at 10 years. Of 287 glenoid components, 120 were considered loose on the basis of radiographic evaluation. Four humeral components were considered loose. Component survival (Kaplan-Meier) free from radiographic failure at 5 and 10 years was 92% and 43%. Severe presurgical glenoid erosion (Walch A2, B2, C) and patient age Conclusion Despite the predominant thinking that pegged glenoid components may be superior to keeled designs, midterm radiographic and clinical failure rates were high with this pegged component design, particularly after 5 years. Advanced presurgical glenoid erosion and younger patient age are risk factors for radiographic loosening. Revision rates underestimate radiographic glenoid loosening.
Influence of product placement in children's movies on children's snack choices

Abstract Background Media exposure affects health, including obesity risk. Children's movies often contain food placements—frequently unhealthy foods. However, it is not known if these cues influence children's food choices or consumption after viewing. We explored whether children's snack choices or consumption differs based on: 1) recent exposure to movies with high versus low product placement of unhealthy foods; and 2) children's weight status. Methods Children ages 9–11 were assigned to watch a high (“Alvin and the Chipmunks,” n = 54) or low (“Stuart Little,” n = 60) product-placement movie. After viewing, participants selected a snack choice from each of five categories, several of which were specifically featured in “Alvin.” Uneaten snacks from each participant were weighed upon completion. Snack choice and amount consumed by movie were compared by t-tests, and differences in snack choices by movie were tested with logistic regression. Results Participants consumed an average of 800.8 kcal; mean kcal eaten did not vary by movie watched. Participants who watched the high product-placement movie had 3.1 times the odds (95% CI 1.3–7.2) of choosing cheese balls (most featured snack) compared to participants who watched the low product-placement movie. Children who were overweight or obese consumed a mean of 857 kcal (95% CI: 789–925) compared to 783 kcal (95% CI: 742–823, p = 0.09) for children who were underweight or healthy weight. Children's weight status did not significantly affect their choice of snack. Conclusions Branding and obesogenic messaging in children's movies influenced some choices that children made about snack foods immediately following viewing, especially food with greatest exposure time in the film, but did not affect total calories consumed. Future studies should examine how the accumulation of these messages affects children's long-term food choices.
Lessons from Lithuania: A pedagogical approach in teaching improvisation:

The purpose of this study was to uncover the approach that a professor in Lithuania utilized in successfully teaching undergraduate music education majors how to improvise during a one-semester cou...
On Objects and Worlds of Thought in the Philosophy of Hintikka

Jaakko Hintikka’s work on the logic of propositional attitudes has increasingly stressed the intentionality of these attitudes. Underlying his possible-worlds semantics for sentences ascribing propositional attitudes, there has evolved a bona fide metaphysical theory of the intentionality of such attitudes. Here, it is my aim to define some central affinities between this theory and the two great classical theories of intentionality, those of Meinong and Husserl. I shall comment accordingly on some of Hintikka’s remarks vis-a-vis Husserl, and I shall offer some related prespectives on Hintikka’s views on trans-world identity and de re attitudes. Where it might have been thought that the possible-worlds approach to propositional attitudes is to be recommended primarily for its heuristic or technical merits, the following considerations should reveal sound philosophical motivations for Hintikka’s approach. At the least, he is in good company.
SP0141 New ra, but what about a new baby?

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease affecting women often in their childbearing years. In this case presentation a 35 year old female patient is illustrated with a recently diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis with active disease and a wish to conceive in the nearby future. Management of disease activity in patients who wish to conceive or during pregnancy might be a challenge due to limited treatment options. How should we treat this patient taking into account her wish to conceive in the nearby future? Should the patient postpone her wish to conceive because of active disease? Disclosure of Interest None declared
Evaluation of Meat Quality on High pH Strip Loins Injected with Buffered Acetic Acid

This experiment evaluated the effects of injection of buffered vinegar [e(Lm)inate V, Hawkins Inc., Minneapolis, MN] at pH 5.0 on quality attributes of high pH beef strip loins. Strip loins (n = 16) were sectioned and treatments assigned to evenly represent each section, and on d 6 after harvest and fabrication treatments were injected into each section using a multi needle injector. One control and three treatments were used: 0 (T0), 0.4 (T0.4), 1.2 (T1.2), and 1.6% (T1.6) of the green weight of steaks was injected, and quality characteristics of strip loins were evaluated. Sections were then vacuumed packaged for an additional 3 d to simulate transport to retail outlets, then fabricated into steaks and overwrapped for an addition 3 d for simulation of retail storage. High pH control (T0) final pH (FpH) values were the highest, with a pH of 5.87. While there were similarities between treatments, overall as percentage of injection increased, FpH decreased. There was no difference among location (P > 0.05) when evaluating FpH. There were no difference in cook loss or TBARS for location or treatment. Drip loss was greatest for T1.2 injection and in the most caudal section. Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) was different due to the location of the section (P ≤ 0.05), with section Y (the third section) having the greatest value. Off flavor intensity increased (P ≤ 0.05) as percentage of injection increased. Final L*, a*, and b* values were different (P ≤ 0.05) for treatment levels in the loins with the control having the lowest L* and b* values. While this product was sufficient at altering final raw color and pH, it may not be feasible for industry use, due to minimal impacts on drip loss, cook loss, oxidation, and sensory characteristics with an increase in off flavor. Nonetheless, investigation of application with an antioxidant and/or functional ingredient could prove beneficial for industry use.
National Estimates of Emergency Department Visits for Antibiotic Adverse Events Among Adults-United States, 2011-2015.

Detailed, nationally representative data describing high-risk populations and circumstances involved in antibiotic adverse events (AEs) can inform approaches to prevention. Describe US burden, rates, and characteristics of emergency department (ED) visits by adults for antibiotic AEs. Nationally representative, public health surveillance of adverse drug events (National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-Cooperative Adverse Drug Event Surveillance [NEISS-CADES]) and a nationally projected database of dispensed prescriptions (QuintilesIMS), 2011–2015. Antibiotic-treated adults (≥ 20 years) seeking ED care. Estimated annual numbers and rates of ED visits for antibiotic AEs among outpatients treated with systemically administered antibiotics. Based on 10,225 cases, US adults aged ≥ 20 years made an estimated 145,490 (95% confidence interval, 115,279–175,701) ED visits for antibiotic AEs each year in 2011–2015. Antibiotics were implicated in 13.7% (12.3–15.2%) of all estimated adult ED visits for adverse drug events. Most (56.6%; 54.8–58.4%) antibiotic AE visits involved adults aged < 50 years, and 71.8% (70.4–73.1%) involved females. Accounting for prescriptions dispensed from retail and long-term care pharmacies, adults aged 20–34 years had twice the estimated rate of ED visits for oral antibiotic AEs compared with those aged ≥ 65 years (9.7 [7.6–11.8] versus 4.6 [3.6–5.7] visits per 10,000 dispensed prescriptions, respectively). Allergic reactions accounted for three quarters (74.3%; 70.0–78.6%) of estimated ED visits for antibiotic AEs. The three most frequently implicated antibiotic classes in ED visits for antibiotic AEs were oral sulfonamides (23.2%; 20.6–25.8%), penicillins (20.8%; 19.3–22.4%), and quinolones (15.7%; 14.2–17.1%). Per-prescription rates declined with increasing age group. Antibiotics are a common cause of ED visits by adults for adverse drug events and represent an important safety issue. Quantifying risks of AEs from specific antibiotics for specific patient populations, such as younger adults, provides additional information to help clinicians assess risks versus benefits when making the decision to prescribe or not prescribe an antibiotic. AE rates may also facilitate communication with patients about antibiotic risks.
LAMINAR FLOW HEAT TRANSFER IN A CYLINDER WITH CIRCUMFERENTIAL TUBES

Employing a special class of basis functions of Laplace and biharmonic equations, the problems of laminar flow heat transfer in a cylinder with a ring of N equally spaced circumferential tubes are solved. It is assumed that the outer boundary of the cylinder is subject to convection, while the inner tube boundaries are subject to either convection or a uniform temperature. It is also assumed that the fully developed kinematics and thermal states have been reached by the viscous fluid, and that all of its properties are independent of temperature. The aforementioned basis functions, which automatically satisfy the outer boundary conditions are obtained in closed form for all outer Biot numbers as integers greater than 1. For non integer values of the outer Biot numbers, the basis functions are developed in the form of series with rapid convergence properties. The inner boundary conditions are numerically satisfied and some examples for the temperature distributions and the rates of heat transfer are given.
Sophistication of Chinese Mutual Funds and the Mispricing of Accruals

ABSTRACT This study examines the role of mutual funds in the pricing of accruals in China's stock market to evaluate the sophistication of Chinese mutual funds. Using a sample of A-share stocks in ...
Content Analysis of Evidence-Based Articles in "The Journal of Special Education".

Conducting and supporting scientifically valid research activities and implementing evidence-based practices have driven recent hopes and efforts to achieve better outcomes for all students. In the...
Reasons for Exclusion from a Smoking Cessation Trial: An Analysis by Race/Ethnicity

Objective: The exclusion criteria of tobacco cessation randomized clinical trials (RCTs) may have unintended consequences on inclusion and cessation disparities. We examined racial/ethnic differences in: a) ex­clusion from a group-based cessation RCT; and b) reasons for exclusion. Design: Quasi-experimental. Inclusion criteria were self-identification as African American/Black, non-Hispanic White, or Hispanic (any race), adults, minimum five cigarettes/day or carbon monoxide reading of ≥ 8 parts per million (ppm), interest in quitting, and spoke/read English. Data were obtained from a parent trial, which is ongo­ing and will be completed in 2019. Analyses for our present study on participant screen­ing and enrollment were conducted in 2018. Main Outcome Measures: Study ineligi­bility, and reasons for exclusion (contra­indications for nicotine patch use, serious mental illness [SMI, eg, bipolar disorder or schizophrenia], alcohol dependence or illicit drug use, current tobacco treatment, attendance barriers [eg, transportation], and other concerns [eg, aggressive, intoxicated, disruptive, visibly ill]). Results: Of 1,206 individuals screened, 36% were ineligible. The most frequent reasons were SMI (28%), alcohol depen­dence or drug use (10%), and attendance barriers (7%). Ineligibility was greater among African Americans (42%) and Hispan­ics (37%), compared with Whites (24%; P<.001). Compared with African Americans and Hispanics, Whites were more likely to be excluded for single reasons, including attendance barriers, and medical conditions (P<.05). African Americans were more than twice as likely as Whites to be excluded for 3 or more reasons (12% vs 5% respectively, P<.05). Conclusions: A notable proportion of smokers were ineligible for this RCT, with SMI as the greatest single cause. Racial/ ethnic minorities were more likely to be excluded, with African Americans deemed ineligible for multiple reasons. Findings have implications for RCT generalizabil­ity, addressing tobacco disparities and health equity. Ethn Dis. 2019;29(1):23-30; doi:10.18865/ed.29.1.23.
Treatment Planning in Integrative Mental Health Care

The limitations of current treatments in psychiatry are reviewed. As many as one half of individuals being treated for a psychiatric “disorder” fail to respond or respond only partially to psychotropic medications and other conventional Western medical treatments and are labeled “treatment-resistant” or “non-responders.” The role of placebo and nocebo effects in Western medicine and CAM is discussed. Safety, liability, and ethical issues in integrative mental health care are reviewed. Research findings are providing evidence for safety and efficacy of select CAM treatments of depressed mood, anxiety, and other mental health problems, including pharmaceutical-grade natural products, lifestyle modifications, and others. The major categories of CAM modalities used to treat mental health problems and to maintain wellness are introduced. The goals of integrative mental health care are described and safety and ethical issues are reviewed. A methodology for selecting appropriate modalities when planning integrative care is presented, including considerations of treatment precedence and treatment selection when managing moderate versus severe symptoms. Strategies are described for developing a realistic treatment plan that is both acceptable and affordable to the patient. The treatment plan should be reviewed and modified until the most effective realistic combination of Western medical and CAM treatments has been identified and successfully implemented. Methods are developed for refining and optimizing the integrative treatment plan and evaluating compatibility and synergy between two or more modalities. Considerations of ongoing care versus termination are discussed.
New Directions for Education in Indoor Air Sciences: An Interdisciplinary and International Undertaking

There are a number of actions that are taken to improve the environmental quality of living spaces; however, we still have unsatisfactory results. Education is an important component in the prevention and control of adverse health effects caused by indoor environmental exposures. Considering that many actions to improve the quality of indoor environments are dependent on those designing, operating and maintaining buildings, as well as on the occupants, the need for emphasis on education becomes evident. By providing appropriate education and training for professionals involved in the building and health sector and by raising public awareness, prevention of health effects associated with indoor environments becomes realistic. Moreover, it may offer a cost-effective way to reduce morbidity (e.g., pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila) and mortality (e.g., cancer caused by radon).
Hacking the Akashic Records: The Next Domain for Military Intelligence Operations?

This paper outlines a hypothetical six-dimension doctrine for military intelligence-gathering in the Akashic domain. The Akashic records are described by esotericists and mystics as a permanent rec...