cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Understanding Patients' Experiences of Diagnosis and Treatment of Advanced Colorectal Cancer in a Safety-Net Hospital System: A Qualitative Study.

BACKGROUND:Greater understanding of barriers to screening of colorectal cancer among lower socioeconomic, particularly Hispanic, patients is needed to improve disparities in care.OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to explore patients’ perceptions and experiences of care seeking for colorectal cancer to iden
The IFRS for Small and Medium-Sized Entities

The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of the IFRS for SMEs to enable users already familiar with IFRSs to understand the key differences between IFRSs and the IFRS for SMEs. This may be useful when considering the implications of adopting the IFRS for SMEs and when considering what adjustments are required to the financial statements of a subsidiary prepared in accordance with the IFRS for SMEs when preparing consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRSs. The IFRS for SMEs is intended for an entity that does not have public accountability. A jurisdiction that wishes to allow publicly traded entities or some entities that hold assets in a fiduciary capacity for a broad range of outsiders to use the IFRS for SMEs should consider this limitation carefully before incorporating the requirements of the IFRS for SMEs into its local GAAP for those entities. The IASB added the clarifying guidance to the IFRS for SMEs to emphasise that the undue cost or effort exemption is not intended to be a low hurdle.
Ovarian and Fallopian Tube Cancers

Ovarian cancer and fallopian tube cancer typically fail in the abdomen, along with the pelvis, making them more systemic diseases. With this consideration, effective chemotherapy has slowly replaced the use of whole abdominal radiation.
Maternal responsivity and oxytocin in opioid‐dependent mothers

Although prenatal opioid exposure and postnatal withdrawal (neonatal abstinence syndrome) are associated with infant neurobehavioral deficits, little is known about the impact of continued maternal opioid treatment in the postnatal period on maternal responsivity and relationship to mother's oxytocin release during dyadic interactions in the Still Face paradigm. Mother and infant dyads (N = 14) were recruited and comprised of mothers on opioid replacement throughout pregnancy and postpartum (opioid-exposed group, n = 7) and a demographically controlled, non-exposed group (n = 7). Salivary oxytocin was collected following 10 min of infant separation before and immediately after a 6-min Still Face paradigm. Oxytocin measures correlated strongly with sensitive and prosocial maternal behaviors in response to infant initiation. Opioid-exposed compared to non-exposed mothers had significantly lower pre-test to post-test rise in salivary oxytocin concentration level as well as fewer sensitive behaviors during the reunion condition of the Still Face paradigm. Maternal opioid dependence during early infancy may impair maternal responsivity and sensitivity through suppression of the oxytocin reflex to infant stimulation.
Comparing the availability of paid parental leave for same-sex and different-sex couples in 34 OECD countries

The availability of paid family leave has been widely researched in the context of a two-parent household with one mother and one father, yet few studies have explored whether households with same-sex parents have access to equal benefits. Expanding on previous cross-country comparisons of parental leave policies, this study examines parental leave policies in 34 OECD countries to compare the total duration of paid parental leave available to same-sex and different-sex parent families within a country. We find that same-sex female and different-sex couples receive equal durations of leave in the majority of countries. However, same-sex male couples often receive shorter durations of paid parental leave compared to both different-sex and same-sex female couples. In addition to addressing the implications of laws and policies surrounding same-sex marriage and same-sex adoption on parental leave availability, we highlight specific aspects of paid leave policies that may explain the unequal durations of paid leave between same-sex and different-sex couples.
Development and evaluation of a low-cost delta robot system for weed control applications in organic farming

To secure the food supply for future generations it is necessary to increase the automation level in agriculture significantly. One particular problem especially in organic farming is the weeding process. Nowadays the weeding is mostly done by human workers. However this manual weeding is far too expensive and very inhomogeneous. Hence the manual weeding should be replaced by an automated solution. In general a weed control robot system comprises a weed classification and a weed elimination unit. In this paper the development and evaluation of a low-cost delta robot for weed elimination is presented. The performance of the delta robot is illustrated by experimental results.
Hedgehog signaling promotes lipolysis in adipose tissue through directly regulating Bmm/ATGL lipase

Hedgehog (Hh) signaling has been shown to regulate multiple developmental processes, however, it is unclear how it regulates lipid metabolism. Here, we demonstrate that Hh signaling exhibits potent activity in Drosophila fat body, which is induced by both locally expressed and midgut-derived Hh proteins. Inactivation of Hh signaling increases, whereas activation of Hh signaling decreases lipid accumulation. The major lipase Brummer (Bmm) acts downstream of Smoothened (Smo) in Hh signaling to promote lipolysis, therefore, the breakdown of triacylglycerol (TAG). We identify a critical Ci binding site in bmm promoter that is responsible to mediate Bmm expression induced by Hh signaling. Genomic mutation of the Ci binding site significantly reduces the expression of Bmm and dramatically decreases the responsiveness to Ci overexpression. Together, our findings provide a model for lipolysis to be regulated by Hh signaling, raising the possibility for Hh signaling to be involved in lipid metabolic and/or lipid storage diseases.
Profiling the endothelial translatome in vivo using ‘AngioTag’ zebrafish

SUMMARY Vascular endothelial cells in vivo are exquisitely regulated by their local environment, which is absent or disrupted when using methods such as FACS or in vitro cell culture to study native signaling pathways. Here, we profile the gene expression patterns of undisturbed endothelial cells in living animals using a novel ‘AngioTag’ zebrafish transgenic line that permits isolation of actively translating mRNAs from endothelial cells in their native environment. This transgenic line uses the endothelial cell-specific kdrl promoter to drive expression of an epitope tagged Rpl10a 60S ribosomal subunit protein, allowing for Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification (TRAP) of actively translating endothelial cell mRNAs. By performing TRAP-RNAseq on AngioTag animals, we demonstrate strong enrichment of endothelial specific genes and uncover novel endothelially expressed genes. Additionally, we generated a ‘UAS:RiboTag’ transgenic line to allow for the study of a wider array of zebrafish cell and tissue types using TRAP-RNAseq methods. This new tool offers an unparalleled resource to study cause and effect relationships in the context of gene loss or gain of function in vivo. HIGHLIGHTS An ‘AngioTag’ transgenic line permits in vivo endothelial expression profiling The AngioTag line is used for Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification - RNAseq A ‘UAS:RiboTag’ line enables profiling of any zebrafish cell and tissue type
Ultrafast Readout of Representations from Spatially Distributed Rodent Hippocampal Field Potentials

SUMMARY Demodulated oscillatory activity at theta frequency band extracted from spatially distributed hippocampal local field potentials (LFPs) encode rodent’s position during maze run. However, it remains unclear how spatial information is encoded in hippocampal field potentials across various immobility and sleep states. Here, we showed that unclustered hippocampal field potential amplitude at ultra-high frequency band (>300 Hz), or known as multiunit activity (MUA), across high-density silicon probe channels provide not only a fast and reliable reconstruction of the rodent’s position in wake, but also a direct readout of replay content during sharp wave ripples (SPW-Rs) in immobility and slow wave sleep. We also employed unsupervised learning approaches to extract low-dimensional MUA features during run and ripple periods, and developed Bayesian methods to infer latent dynamical structures from lower-rank MUA features that were coherent with those derived from clustered spikes. Furthermore, we used an optical flow estimation method to identify propagating spatiotemporal LFP patterns, and derived a set of hippocampal LFP spatiotemporal features for decoding applications. Finally, we developed hybrid forward decoding strategies to predict animal’s future decision at a choice point in goal-directed navigation. Our results point to a robust real-time decoding strategy from large-scale (up to 100,000 electrodes) recordings for closed-loop neuroscience experiments.
Correction to: Petitions of the Jewish Poor

Figures 1 and 2 should have been published in the above-mentioned article. The omitted figures and figure captions appear on the next pages. Figure 1. Image: Unknown author, private petition. Cambridge University Library T-S 13J18.14 recto. Reproduced by kind permission of the Syndics of Cambridge University Library. Figure 2. Cambridge University Library T-S 13J18.14 verso. Reproduced by kind permission of the Syndics of Cambridge University Library.
Microglial depletion and repopulation in brain slice culture normalizes sensitized proinflammatory signaling

Microglia are critical mediators of neuroimmune pathology across multiple neurologic disorders. Microglia can be persistently activated or “primed” by Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation, ethanol, stress, and other insults. Thus, strategies to prevent or reverse microglial priming may be beneficial for conditions that involve progressively increasing microglial activation. Microglial depletion with repopulation is emerging as a potential therapy to normalize chronic immune activation. Primary organotypic hippocampal slice culture (OHSC) allows for the study of neuroimmune activation as well as microglial depletion and repopulation without involvement of peripheral immune activation. OHSC undergoes functional maturation and retains cytoarchitecture similar to in vivo. OHSC underwent microglial depletion with the CSF1R antagonist PLX3397 with or without repopulation after removal of PLX3397. Immune, trophic, and synaptic gene changes in response to agonists of TLRs 2, 3, 4, 7, and 9 as well as ethanol were assessed in the settings of microglial depletion and repopulation. Gi-DREADD inhibition of microglia was used to confirm select findings seen with depletion. The ability of microglial repopulation to prevent progressive proinflammatory gene induction by chronic ethanol was also investigated. Microglia were depleted (> 90%) by PLX3397 in OHSC. Microglial depletion blunted proinflammatory responses to several TLR agonists as well as ethanol, which was mimicked by Gi-DREADD inhibition of OHSC microglia. Removal of PLX3397 was followed by complete repopulation of microglia. OHSCs with repopulated microglia showed increased baseline expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-10), microglial inhibitory signals (e.g., CX3CL1), and growth factors (e.g., BDNF). This was associated with blunted induction (~ 50%) of TNFα and IL-1β in response to agonists to TLR4 and TLR7. Further, chronic cycled ethanol from 4 days in vitro (DIV) to 16DIV caused immediate 2-fold inductions of TNFα and IL-1β that grew to ~4-fold of age-matched control slices by 40DIV. This persistent inflammatory gene expression was completely reversed by microglial depletion and repopulation after chronic ethanol. Microglia in OHSCs mediate proinflammatory responses to TLR agonists and ethanol. Microglial repopulation promoted an anti-inflammatory, trophic neuroenvironment and normalized proinflammatory gene expression. This supports the possibility of microglial depletion with repopulation as a strategy to reverse chronic neuroimmune activation.
Chapter 1 – Climate Perspectives

The “97% consensus” that all scientists believe CO2 causes global warming is a based on badly flawed data and is a complete misrepresentation of facts. Attempts to supplant the scientific method with dogma violate basic scientific practices. Climate predictions based on computer modeling have been a miserable failure, not coming anywhere close to actual measurements. No global warming occurred for 18 years and 8 months through December 2015. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) have corrupted surface temperature records. Only satellite temperature measurements are reliable. The past is the key to the future. Cyclic climatic patterns in the geologic past provide a basis for predicting future climate changes.
Reimagining the Healing Service

Services of healing and wholeness need to be reimagined so that they better represent various experiences of disability. This article begins with a brief historical survey of the ways in which heal...
The Seychelles Child Development Study: two decades of collaboration

Abstract The Seychelles Child Development Study represents two decades of collaboration between the Ministry of Health of Seychelles, a small island nation in the middle of the Indian Ocean, and the University of Rochester, a renowned academic and research institution in North America. The study has established itself as a model of strong longitudinal epidemiological studies and collaborative research between institutions in developed and developing countries. It has produced significant scientific findings and a large number of publications on the issue of methyl mercury from fish in the maternal diet and child development. This paper provides a background to the study and describes the key strengths of the collaboration. A brief summary of all the publications is also provided.
The Society of Algorithms

The pairing of massive data sets with processes—or algorithms—written in computer code to sort through, organize, extract, or mine them has made inroads in almost every major social institution. Th...
Integration of social media with targeted emails and in-person outreach for exception from informed consent community consultation.

BACKGROUND Exception from informed consent (EFIC) enables the enrollment of research subjects with emergent conditions to clinical trials without prior consent. EFIC study approval requires community consultation and public disclosure. We hypothesized that the integration of social media with targeted emails and in-person outreach is an effective community consultation strategy. METHODS We utilized social media with targeted emails and in-person outreach for the community consultation of the ACCESS cardiac arrest trial. Study advertisements were disseminated using Facebook and Instagram, and targeted emails were sent to emergency medicine, prehospital, and cardiology providers. We also interviewed at-risk individuals with cardiac conditions, their caretakers, and patient advocacy groups. Participants were asked to complete a survey about their opinions about the study. RESULTS We collected 559 surveys over an 8-week period, and 70.5% of the surveys were obtained using social media. The median (IQR) age of survey respondents was 44 (33-57) years; 89.9% were White and 60.1% were women. A total of 91.3% believed ACCESS was an important study. Compared to the in-person group, more from social media (81.8% vs. 63.3%, p < 0.05) and targeted email (77.4% vs. 63.3%, p < 0.05) groups said they would include their loved ones in the study. More from the in-person group believed that their opinion would be considered seriously compared to the social media (75.9% vs. 62.6%, p < 0.05) and targeted email (75.9% vs. 54.5%, p < 0.05) groups. The incorporation of social media and targeted emails for community consultation reduced the cost per survey by fourfold compared to an in-person-only strategy. CONCLUSIONS The integration of social media with targeted emails and in-person outreach was a feasible and cost-saving approach for EFIC community consultation. Future work is necessary to determine the perception and best utilization of social media for community consultation.
Exploring the Role of Traumatic Event Exposure in Tobacco Dependence Treatment Outcomes Among African Americans.

African Americans are more likely to die from tobacco-related diseases and less likely to quit smoking than their white counterparts. Evidence of greater prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among African Americans underscores the importance of studying the effects of traumatic event exposure on tobacco dependence treatment outcomes in this group. In this secondary analysis of data from a previously completed randomized control trial, we examined the effects of traumatic event exposure (e.g., serious accident) on tobacco dependence treatment outcomes, as well its moderating effects on the effectiveness of an adapted smoking cessation treatment, in a sample (n = 169) of African American smokers in New York City. Traumatic event exposure did not have a significant impact on tobacco treatment outcomes and did not moderate the relationship between treatment type and outcomes in this sample. While results may be driven by unique sample characteristics, they may also indicate that an average level of traumatic event exposure does not significantly impact tobacco treatment outcomes among African Americans. Future research should examine the effects of higher levels of traumatic event exposure on treatment outcomes, as well as investigating the factors underlying trauma-exposed individuals' difficulties with reducing/quitting smoking in a larger, more diverse African American sample.
Indigenous Intellectuals: Knowledge, Power, and Colonial Culture in Mexico and the Andes

In the last two decades, mirabile dictu, there has been a surge in historical works that scrutinize indigenous letters and literacy in colonial Spanish America in the context of social networks, po...
Nanoparticle Conjugates for Small Interfering RNA Delivery

As a therapeutic strategy, small interfering RNA (siRNA) has a remarkable potential to treat genetic diseases driven by mutated or aberrantly expressed genes, including cancer, inflammatory conditions, neurodegenerative disorders, and viral infections. Since the discovery of the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway in 1998, a multitude of siRNA delivery methods have been designed and tested. However, siRNA-based therapeutics are currently limited by the inability to safely and robustly deliver nucleic acids to target cells and tissues. With the development of nanocarriers composed of organic (lipids, liposomes, conjugated polymers) and inorganic (iron oxide, gold) materials, nanotechnology has emerged as a discipline that offers one of the most powerful solutions to enable the stable and safe delivery of siRNA oligonucleotides. Many of these nanocarriers demonstrate acceptable safety profiles, enhance the in-vivo stability of siRNA, promote robust tissue penetration, and can be modified with a targeting ligand to allow for tissue-specific uptake. In this chapter, the challenges of delivering siRNA are reviewed, and the most important advances in the development of nanoparticle-based siRNA delivery systems currently in preclinical and clinical development will be highlighted. Keywords: enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect; mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS); proton sponge effect (PSE); RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC); RNA interference (RNAi); Small interfering RNA (siRNA); Spherical nucleic acids (SNAs); Stable nucleic acid–lipid particles (SNALPs)
Corporate Governance and Firm Performance: Evidence from Large Governance Changes

We study the relationship between governance changes and firm characteristics and the impact of governance changes on future firm performance using a sample of firms that make large positive and large negative changes in thirteen governance measures. We find that the governance changes are driven by a movement towards mean industry governance levels and merger pressure, and are related to changes in the firm's observable characteristics. For each governance measure, we examine the future performance of the sample of firms with a large increase in the governance measure and the future performance of the sample of firms with a large decrease in the governance measure. We find that both positive and negative governance changes lead to statistically significant performance changes. However, we find that there is no significant difference in performance between the large positive governance change and the large negative governance change samples. We conclude that the observed changes in governance are consistent with the notion that firms are in equilibrium with respect to their governance structures. These findings are robust to: alternate definitions of firm performance, a large sample of firms over eleven years, and alternate definitions of large governance changes.
On processing the radar return from an ionized trail

The radar target model that is the ionized trail of an atmospheric re-entry vehicle is considered as a channel or filter between the radar transmitter and receiver. The objective of the radar and its associated data processor is to "map" or identify the radar target channel. The target is identified as the equivalent of a spatially distributed time-varying filter or equivalently as a range and velocity distributed target. The techniques for processing the radar return from both deterministic and stochastic versions of the target model include the matched filter and a generalized correlation computer. Results of the processor output are given in terms of the transmitted signal ambiguity function and a quantity called the target scatter cross section. In general, and as expected, long time duration and large signal bandwidth transmitted signals are required in relation to the reciprocal target velocity spread and the reciprocal target range spread for accurate target model mapping. An exception is noted in the existence of an upper limit to the signal bandwidth that is useful in unambiguously mapping the stochastic target model. Alternatively, this result implies that there is a limit to the range resolution with which the range velocity distributed stochastic targets can be observed.
Defined Benefit vs. Defined Contribution Retirement Plans for Faculty: An Exploration of the Cost of a Portable Retirement

This study is designed to illustrate the differences between a defined benefit and a defined contribution plan for university faculty. It is a case study of the University System of Georgia and examines the actual cost of a faculty member selecting a "portable retirement system."
Enterprise Knowledge Clouds: Applications and Solutions

With the evolution of cloud computing in recent times we have proposed Enterprise Knowledge Clouds (EKC) as the next generation Enterprise Knowledge Management systems (Delic & Riley, 2009).
Low power realization of residue number system based FIR filters

In this paper, we present algorithmic and architectural transforms for low power realization of Residue Number System (RNS) based FIR filters. These transforms have been systematically derived so as to achieve power reduction by voltage scaling, switched capacitance reduction and reduction in signal activity. We show how some of the existing techniques can be suitably adopted to RNS based implementations and also propose new techniques that exploit the specific properties of RNS based computation. We present results to show the effectiveness of our techniques. The results for modulo-5 and modulo-7 indicate that using just two of these techniques (coefficient encoding and coefficient ordering), power reduction of up to 33% can be achieved.
The diagnosis and treatment of endometritis in the mare: Yesterday and today

Diagnosis and treatment of endometritis in the mare has been controversial and mostly empirical. The lack or inability of researchers to establish or develop a model that can serve as a standard or control makes this area of equine reproduction difficult to address scientifically. However, major advances have been made, particularly with the demonstration of the importance of uterine contractility in the elimination of bacteria, fluid, and inflammatory products from the uterus after breeding. This review provides a historical perspective of what has been done, and where we are now, in the approach to the diagnosis and therapy of endometritis in the mare.
Overview of IEEE 802.16 security

When creating the new wireless communication standard IEEE 802.16, designers attempted to reuse a security scheme designed for wired media. The authors review the standard, enumerate its flaws, and outline changes that could defend it against threats.
Irradiation tests of mixed-oxide fuel prepared with weapons-derived plutonium

Abstract Mixed-oxide test capsules prepared with weapons-derived plutonium have been irradiated to a burnup of 50 GWd/MT. The mixed-oxide fuel was fabricated at Los Alamos National Laboratory by a master-mix process and has been irradiated in the advanced test reactor at the Idaho National Laboratory. Previous withdrawals of the same fuel have occurred at 9, 21, 30, and 40 GWd/MT. Oak Ridge National Laboratory manages this test series for the Department of Energy’s Fissile Materials Disposition Program. This paper describes the preparation of the mixed-oxide fuel, the equipment design, and the irradiation history of the test capsules, and discusses the significance of the more important observations of the post-irradiation examinations. Code predictions (FRAPCON-3 and TRANSURANUS) are presented and compared with available post-irradiation examination data for the highest and lowest powered mixed-oxide capsules. Fuel performance has been excellent and consistent with code predictions and with existing US and European experience.
Scale-dependent nanomechanical behavior and anisotropic friction of nanotextured silicon surfaces

Nanoscale surface texturing of silicon was accomplished by oblique Ar+ ion beam irradiation. Atomic force microscope (AFM) imaging showed that nanotexturing produced an anisotropic morphology consisting of ordered nanometer-sized ripples. Surface force microscope (SFM) measurements showed that the nanotextured surface exhibited scale-dependent nanomechanical behavior during indentation loading/unloading and anisotropic sliding friction, significantly different from those of the original (untextured) surface. AFM and SFM results showed a strong dependence of the nanoindentation response and friction coefficient on the tip radius and sliding direction relative to the ripple orientation. The observed experimental trends are interpreted in terms of the applied normal load, real contact area, interfacial adhesion force, tip-ripple interaction scale, and ripple orientation.
CARBON-13 NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE ASSIGNMENTS OF PACTAMYCIN AND RELATED COMPOUNDS

All resonances observed in the 13C NMR spectrum of the antitumor antibiotic pactamycin and its degradation product pactamygate have been assigned, employing off-resonance and specific proton decoupling as well as comparison with the 13C NMR spectra of the model compounds m-aminoacetophenone and ethyl 6-methylsalicylate.
Quantitative description of superdeformed bands with the projected shell model

We propose a theoretical description of superdeformed bands based on the projected shell model. The shell model basis is constructed at the superdeformed minimum and projected onto states of good angular momentum, and a two-body Hamiltonian is then diagonalized in this basis. We take the superdeformed band in {sup 132}Ce as an example. Good agreement with the measured gamma-ray energies allows us to suggest spin values for these superdeformed states. Finally, we propose an explanation for the recently observed {Delta}{ital I}=4 bifurcation disappearance at a rotational frequency of {h_bar}{omega}{congruent}0.65 in this nucleus.
Pump delivery of azidothymidine: Potential for constant concentrations and improved brain delivery

Abstract Azidothymidine (AZT) was administered to rats by an osmotic pump and by a multiple-dose regimen. The cannula attached to the pump was placed in the external carotid artery to facilitate intraarterial delivery of AZT. Mean AZT serum and brain concentrations measured over seven days in the pump group were relatively constant and indicated an increase in brain uptake com- pared to animals that received the multiple-dose regimen.
A high throughput amenable Arabidopsis-P. aeruginosa system reveals a rewired regulatory module and the utility to identify potent anti-infectives.

We previously demonstrated that in a metasystem consisting of Arabidopsis seedlings growing in liquid medium (in 96 well plates) even microbes considered to be innocuous such as laboratory strains of E. coli and B. subtilis can cause potent damage to the host. We further posited that such environment-induced adaptations are brought about by ‘system status changes’ (rewiring of pre-existing cellular signaling networks and components) of the host and the microbe, and that prolongation of such a situation could lead to the emergence of pathogenic states in real-life. Here, using this infection model, we show that the master regulator GacA of the human opportunistic pathogen P. aeruginosa (strain PA14) is dispensable for pathogenesis, as evidenced by three independent read-outs. The gene expression profile of the host after infection with wild type PA14 or the gacA mutant are also identical. GacA normally acts upstream of the quorum sensing regulatory circuit (that includes the regulator LasR) that controls a subset of virulence factors. Double mutants in gacA and lasR behave similar to the lasR mutant, as seen by abrogation of a characteristic cell type specific host cell damage caused by PA14 or the gacA mutant. This indicates that a previously unrecognized regulatory mechanism is operative under these conditions upstream of LasR. In addition, the detrimental effect of PA14 on Arabidopsis seedlings is resistant to high concentrations of the aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin. These data suggest that the Arabidopsis seedling infection system could be used to identify anti-infectives with potentially novel modes of action.
Plastic flow of solid H2 at low temperature

Alekseeva and Krupskii1 have reported the observation of the plastic flow of solid hydrogen under the influence of gravity. We describe here an attempt to repeat this experiment. No measurable flow was observed.
A Review of the Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Comorbidities in Psoriasis

Several epidemiologic studies suggest that there is an association between psoriasis and cardiovascular comorbidities, possibly due to overall systemic inflammation. Psoriasis is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and mortality that is also associated with many of the traditional cardiovascular risk factors. This article summarizes important studies that demonstrate an association between psoriasis with smoking and alcohol intake, as well as increased risk of psoriasis patients for atrial fibrillation, atherosclerosis, coronary artery calcification, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, obesity, peripheral vascular disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiac death.
Proactive virtualized resource management for service workflows in the cloud

A Cloud platform offers on-demand provisioning of virtualized resources and pay-per-use charge model to its hosted services to satisfy their fluctuating resource needs. Resource scaling in cloud is often carried out by specifying static rules or thresholds. As business processes and scientific jobs become more intricate and involve more components, traditional reactive or rule-based resource management methods are not able to meet the new requirements. In this paper, we extend our previous work on dynamically managing virtualized resources for service workflows in a cloud environment. Extensive experimental results of an adaptive resource management algorithm are reported. The algorithm makes resource management decisions based on predictive results and high level user specified thresholds. It is also able to coordinate resources among the component services of a workflow so that unnecessary resource allocations and terminations can be avoided. Based on observations from previous experiments, the algorithm is extended with a new resource merge strategy in order to prevent average resource size from shrinking. Simulation results from synthetic workload data demonstrated the effectiveness of the extension.
Improved estimators for the GMANOVA problem with application to Monte Carlo Simulation

Abstract The problem of finding classes of estimators which improve upon the usual (e.g., ML, LS) estimator of the parameter matrix in the GMANOVA model under (matrix) quadratic loss is considered. Classes of improved estimators are obtained via combining integration-by-parts methods for normal and Wishart distributions. Also considered is the application of control variates to achieve better efficiency in multipopulation multivariate simulation studies.
Cytogenetics of somatic cell hybrids. II. Modal karyotypes and mosaicism in mouse mutant cell lines: LM(tk-), A9, and Rag.

Abstract Modal karyotypes of mouse mutant cell lines, LM(tk − ), A9, and Rag, which are frequently used as a donor line for somatic cell hybridization, are described and compared with karyotypes previously reported by other laboratories. Results are summarized as follows. Many cells (18%–38%) in each line had the same chromosome composition as the modal karyotype. Chromosome differences from the modal karyotype in some cells mainly involved one or a few chromosomes only. These differences are mostly caused by structural changes from well documented mechanisms or simple numerical changes including artifacts arising from the rupture of cells. Karyotypes of coexisting subpopulations within the same cell line can be clearly identified. Assessment of karyologic properties of a heteroploid cell population may vary considerably depending on whether it is estimated on a subpopulation or the total population as a unit. Modal karyotypes of these cell lines contained most marker chromosomes of, and a similar chromosome composition to those previously reported by other laboratories. These cell lines exhibit karyotypic constancy; thus, we believe that chromosome changes associated with clonal growth of somatic cell hybrids can be identified without ambiguity.
Biophysical and Structural Characterization of a Sequence-diverse Set of Solute-binding Proteins for Aromatic Compounds

Rhodopseudomonas palustris metabolizes aromatic compounds derived from lignin degradation products and has the potential for bioremediation of xenobiotic compounds. We recently identified four possible solute-binding proteins in R. palustris that demonstrated binding to aromatic lignin monomers. Characterization of these proteins in the absence and presence of the aromatic ligands will provide unprecedented insights into the specificity and mode of aromatic ligand binding in solute-binding proteins. Here, we report the thermodynamic and structural properties of the proteins with aromatic ligands using isothermal titration calorimetry, small/wide angle x-ray scattering, and theoretical predictions. The proteins exhibit high affinity for the aromatic substrates with dissociation constants in the low micromolar to nanomolar range. The global shapes of the proteins are characterized by flexible ellipsoid-like structures with maximum dimensions in the 80-90-A range. The data demonstrate that the global shapes remained unaltered in the presence of the aromatic ligands. However, local structural changes were detected in the presence of some ligands, as judged by the observed features in the wide angle x-ray scattering regime at q ~0.20-0.40 A(-1). The theoretical models confirmed the elongated nature of the proteins and showed that they consist of two domains linked by a hinge. Evaluation of the protein-binding sites showed that the ligands were found in the hinge region and that ligand stabilization was primarily driven by hydrophobic interactions. Taken together, this study shows the capability of identifying solute-binding proteins that interact with lignin degradation products using high throughput genomic and biophysical approaches, which can be extended to other organisms.
Digital pheromone mechanisms for coordination of unmanned vehicles

Many social insects coordinate without direct communication or complex reasoning. They deposit and sense chemicals ("pheromones") in a shared physical environment that participates actively in the system's dynamics, yielding robust adaptive coordination. Seeking such characteristics in engineered systems, we have developed a software environment that uses digital pheromones to coordinate computational agents. We apply digital pheromones to the control of air combat missions [8], developing several promising mechanisms for general agent coordination. This report describes pheromone-based movement control as a variety of potential-field-based methods, reviews the mechanisms we have developed, and describes their performance in several air combat scenarios.
Superconductivity in Tl1−xCdxBaLaCuO5

Abstract Cadmium substituted thallium cuprates of the type Tl 1−x Cd x BaLaCuO 5 (R = La and Nd) have been synthesized for various values of x. A single phase region exists for x = 0 to 0.4. Superconductivity was observed over the region 0.2 ≤ x ≤ 0.4 with transition temperatures in the range 38–48 K. X-ray diffraction data suggest that cadmium substitutes for thallium, thereby increasing the number of holes in the CuO d x2−y2 (σ∗) conduction band. A plot of Tc versus x showed a maximum when the formal oxidation state of copper is close to 2.3 as observed in other superconducting copper oxide systems.
A Simple Electronic Neuron Model Incorporating Both Active and Passive Responses

An electronic model representing a small patch of neural membrane is described. The patch circuit is incorporated into a discrete element ladder network axon model. Electrotonic spread of subthreshold potentials, active action potential propagation, and synaptic events are demonstrated.
A proposal for reclamation by dilution of irrigation water

A proposal is developed for reclamation of a soil which has become salinized from irrigation with saline water. The procedure permits continued irrigation after dilution of the saline irrigation water with higher quality water, which achieves partial reclamation without taking the land out of production, and without creating a large flux of drainage. Model calculations using a salt transport-chemical equilibrium model are performed for the case of a saline irrigation water derived from power plant cooling water residual (EC=4.2 mmho/cm), which is diluted by a high quality well water (EC=0.5 mmho/cm) to produce a water which is alternated with the saline water in cycles of two years. Soil salinity and drainage salt loads resulting under this system are compared with the simulated results of a more traditional method of salt leaching.
Taxonomy of Senecio multilobatus and its allies

A revision is presented for ten closely related species of western North America. The assemblage approximates the sectionsBolanderiani Greenman andLobati Rydb. Two new infraspecific combinations are made:Senecio bolanderi Gray var.harfordii (Greenman) T. M. Barkley, andS. eurycephalus Torr. & Gray ex Gray var.Iewisrosei (J. T. Howell) T. M. Barkley.
An innovative low-power high-performance programmable signal processor for digital communications

We describe an innovative, low-power, high-performance, programmable signal processor (DSP) for digital communications. The architecture of this processor is characterized by its explicit design for low-power implementations, its innovative ability to jointly exploit instruction-level parallelism and data-level parallelism to achieve high performance, its suitability as a target for an optimizing high-level language compiler, and its explicit replacement of hardware resources by compile-time practices. We describe the methodology used in the development of the processor, highlighting the techniques deployed to enable application/architecture/compiler/implementation co-development, and the optimization approach and metric used for power-performance evaluation and tradeoff analysis. We summarize the salient features of the architecture, provide a brief description of the hardware organization, and discuss the compiler techniques used to exercise these features. We also summarize the simulation environment and associated software development tools. Coding examples from two representative kernels in the digital communications domain are also provided. The resulting methodology, architecture, and compiler represent an advance of the state of the art in the area of low-power, domain-specific microprocessors.
An analysis of cognitive control of self-disclosure in a clinical analogue

Two models of cognitive control, one based on a social learning theory (SLT) and one based on a theory of propositional control (TPC), were examined for their success in predicting self-disclosure, wanting to self-disclose, and intention to self-disclose in a clinical analogue. Specifically, 48 female and 48 male students were assessed on variables from those models and assigned (a) one of three role-played conditions of entry into therapy (self-referred, other-referred, or forced referral) and (b) one of four personal topics for discussion (quarrels with family members, guilt feelings about sexual behavior, past actions that have produced feelings of shame, and feelings experienced when friendship has been rejected). The TPC model was superior to the SLT model in predicting reports of wanting to self-disclose and intention to self-disclose, and those reports predicted self-disclosure. Both models contain a subjective outcome component, but the TPC model also contains subjective social and personal components, to which its superior predictiveness is attributable. Entry roles affected amount of self-disclosure, wanting to self-disclose, and the social component of the TPC model.
Intracavity optical pumping of J-aggregate microcavity exciton polaritons

We demonstrate intracavity optical pumping of J-aggregate microcavity exciton polaritons. The use of ultrathin layer-by-layer J-aggregate thin films as the strongly coupled exciton medium allows for inclusion of a thermally evaporated luminescent cavity spacer layer, through which the lower-branch exciton-polariton states are resonantly pumped. We present a measurement of the lower-branch exciton-polariton occupation in room-temperature microcavity devices containing J-aggregated molecular thin films under low-density steady-state excitation. The observed exciton-polariton occupation shows a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution at $T=300\text{ }\text{K}$, indicating thermalization of exciton polaritons in the lower energy branch. This device design enables us to propose a new type of ``polariton laser'' architecture for microcavity exciton polaritons.
The role of family support in determining developmental outcomes in children of teen mothers

Children from teen parent families are impaired developmentally compared to children of older mothers. Family support has frequently been proposed as a mediator of the stress that teen parents experience as a result of teen parenthood. This longitudinal study investigates the role of family support factors and maternal characteristics in relation to child outcomes (6-7 year old children) in teen parent families. Two models outlining the role of partner and grandmother family support are proposed to explain the process by which child development occurs within the family contexts of teen families. Implications of the results for intervention are discussed.
Understanding Collaborative Efforts to Assist Grandparent Caregivers: A Multileveled Perspective

It is well known that grandparent caregivers often experience increased stress and strain as a result of raising grandchildren. Although specific interventions utilizing support groups, mental health counseling, educational programming, and respite care can be useful in supporting grandparents, collaborative efforts toward building partnerships among the community, service providers, and grandparents have even greater potential to assist grandparent caregivers in meeting their needs. Using the ecological perspective as a guiding framework, in this article the authors discuss contemporary programs while highlighting strategies to support grandparents raising grandchildren. These programs provide unique and innovative ways professionals can reach grandparents raising grandchildren.
Transient and Stable Expression of the Neurotensin Receptor NTS1: A Comparison of the Baculovirus-Insect Cell and the T-REx-293 Expression Systems

Nowadays, baculovirus-infected insect cells and tetracycline-inducible mammalian cell lines (T-REx-293) are intensively used for G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) production for crystallography purposes. Here we constructed a suspension T-REx-293 cell line to stably express an engineered neurotensin receptor 1 (NTS1) mutant and we quantitatively compared this cell line with the transient baculovirus-insect cell system throughout a milligram-scale NTS1 expression and purification process. The two systems were comparable with respect to functional NTS1 expression levels and receptor binding affinity for the agonist [3H] neurotensin. However, NTS1 surface display on T-REx-293 cells determined by radio-ligand binding assays was 2.8 fold higher than that on insect cells. This work demonstrates two approaches for preparing milligram quantities of purified NTS1 suitable for structural studies and provides useful input to users in choosing and optimizing an appropriate expression host for other GPCRs.
Nuclear U.S. and Soviet/Russian Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles, 1959-2008

Recent research exposes the fallacies that helped to drive missile stockpiles to astronomical levels, making Russia’s persistently slow reduction of deployed missiles all the more inexcusable.
The extended atmospheres of pulsating stars.

Dynamical atmospheric modeling studies of Mira-type long-period variables are described. The methods of Bowen (1988) are employed, and the results are presented in a series of graphs and discussed in detail, with particular emphasis on the implications for mass loss and evolution of these stars. It is shown that the observed narrow mass distribution of stars leaving the asymptotic giant branch can be explained by a rapid increase in mass-loss rate with increasing stellar radius and pulsation period, or with decreasing mass. 18 refs.
Hepatotoxicity associated with methotrexate therapy in a dog

A nine-year-old male Newfoundland-cross was treated with doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and methotrexate as adjuvant chemotherapy following the resection of a maxillary osteosarcoma. The dog remained in good health until week 13 of therapy, when he became anorexic, and developed icterus and ascites. Laboratory tests at this time suggested sub-acute hepatic failure and renal failure. Necropsy revealed severe generalized hepatic necrosis with resultant ascites and intestinal haemorrhage. Since there was no evidence on necropsy of an infectious aetiology, and since there was no history of toxin ingestion, methotrexate which is a known hepatotoxin in man, was considered the probable cause of the hepatic necrosis. This side-effect of methotrexate has not previously been reported in the dog, and animals undergoing therapy with the drug should be monitored closely for hepatotoxicity.