cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The oxidation state diagram — a potential tool for studying redox chemistry in seawater

Abstract With minor modifications, the oxidation state diagram may be used to study the redox chemistry of elements in marine waters. In addition to indicating the most stable oxidation state of an element, the diagram also shows the possible existence of metastable species. Oxidation state diagrams of the nitrogen and the manganese systems are presented. The inferences drawn from these diagrams are consistent with our present understanding of the marine geochemistry of these elements.
Neuromuscular strategies for the transitions between level and hill surfaces during walking

Despite continual fluctuations in walking surface properties, humans and animals smoothly transition between terrains in their natural surroundings. Walking transitions have the potential to influence dynamic balance in both the anterior–posterior and medial–lateral directions, thereby increasing fall risk and decreasing mobility. The goal of the current manuscript is to provide a review of the literature that pertains to the topic of surface slope transitions between level and hill surfaces, as well as report the recent findings of two experiments that focus on the neuromuscular strategies of surface slope transitions. Our results indicate that in anticipation of a change in surface slope, neuromuscular patterns during level walking prior to a hill are significantly different from the patterns during level walking without the future change in surface. Typically, the changes in muscle activity were due to co-contraction of opposing muscle groups and these changes correspond to modifications in head pitch. In addition, further experiments revealed that the neck proprioceptors may be an initial source of feedback for upcoming surface slope transitions. Together, these results illustrate that in order to safely traverse varying surfaces, transitions strides are functionally distinct from either level walking or hill walking independently.
Protein Kinase C Regulation: C1 Meets C-tail

In a recent issue of Cell, Leonard et al. (2011) describe the structure of PKCβII, an AGC kinase, revealing an unanticipated intramolecular autoinhibitory interaction between its C-terminal tail and the diacylglycerol and phorbol ester binding site of its C1b domain.
Practical Design of Infrared Detector Circuits

The practical design of the receiver circuitry for an ir surveillance system is considered. A design procedure for obtaining high signal detectability is presented and illustrated with an explicit example. Filtering circuitry is designed which takes into account the nonwhite noise of the detector cell and the first stage of amplification. The tradeoffs between signal detectability, accuracy, resolution, and background suppression are also discussed.
Arabidopsis Mutants Resistant to S(+)-β-Methyl-α, β-Diaminopropionic Acid, a Cycad-Derived Glutamate Receptor Agonist

Ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) are ligand-gated ion channels that are the predominant neuroreceptors in the mammalian brain. Genes with high sequence similarity to animal iGluRs have been identified in Arabidopsis. To understand the role of Arabidopsis glutamate receptor-like (AtGLR) genes in plants, we have taken a pharmacological approach by examining the effects of BMAA [S(+)-beta-methyl-alpha, beta-diaminopropionic acid], a cycad-derived iGluR agonist, on Arabidopsis morphogenesis. When applied to Arabidopsis seedlings, BMAA caused a 2- to 3-fold increase in hypocotyl elongation and inhibited cotyledon opening during early seedling development. The effect of BMAA on hypocotyl elongation is light specific. Furthermore, BMAA effects on early morphogenesis of Arabidopsis can be reversed by the simultaneous application of glutamate, the native iGluR agonist in animals. To determine the targets of BMAA action in Arabidopsis, a genetic screen was devised to isolate Arabidopsis mutants with a BMAA insensitive morphology (bim). When grown in the light on BMAA, bim mutants exhibited short hypocotyls compared with wild type. bim mutants were grouped into three classes based on their morphology when grown in the dark in the absence of BMAA. Class-I bim mutants have a normal, etiolated morphology, similar to wild-type plants. Class-II bim mutants have shorter hypocotyls and closed cotyledons when grown in the dark. Class-III bim mutants have short hypocotyls and open cotyledons when grown in the dark, resembling the previously characterized constitutively photomorphogenic mutants (cop, det, fus, and shy). Further analysis of the bim mutants should help define whether plant-derived iGluR agonists target glutamate receptor signaling pathways in plants.
HARD-MESON CURRENT-ALGEBRA CALCULATION OF THE $gamma$--3$pi$ AMPLITUDE.

The $\ensuremath{\gamma}+\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\pi}+\ensuremath{\pi}$ interaction is considered within the context of hard-meson current algebra and a model of PCAC (partially conserved axial-vector current) breakdown previously proposed. The form factor for this process is calculated and the $\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{-}3\ensuremath{\pi}$ coupling constant evaluated. The results are in agreement with experimental data.
Emotion Detection From Infant Facial Expressions And Cries

A new system for translating the infant cries from its facial image and cry sounds is presented in this paper. The system is designed to analyze the facial image and sound of the crying infant to derive the reason why the infant is crying. The image and the sound represent the same cry event. The image processing module determines the state of certain facial features, certain combinations of which determine the reason for crying. The sound processing module analyzes the data for the fundamental frequency and the first two formants and uses k-means clustering to determine the reason of the cry. The decisions from the image and sound processing modules are then fused using a decision level fusion system. The overall accuracy of the image and sound processing modules are 64% and 74.2%, respectively, and that of the fused decision is 75.2%.
Integrated catheter for 3-D intracardiac echocardiography and ultrasound ablation

We have integrated real-time three-dimensional (RT3D) intracardiac echocardiography and ultrasound ablation. The device uses a 9 Fr (3 mm O.D.) catheter lumen with a 14 Fr (4.7 mm O.D.) tip. Real-time 3D imaging is achieved with a forward-looking 112 element, 5 MHz two-dimensional array built on a multi-layer flexible interconnect circuit. Transducer elements typically showed a 21% bandwidth and a pulse-echo insertion loss of 80 dB. The imaging array, attached to our real time 3-D scanner was used to image tissue phantoms and a fixed sheep heart. The ablation transducer is a ring of 10 MHz PZT-4 placed around the imaging array. The ring has a 4.5 mm O.D. and a 3.1 mm I.D. for a total area of 33.4mm/sup 2/. Using a hydrophone, the spatial-peak, temporal-average intensity of the ablation ring was measured at a maximum of 500 cycles per burst and a PRF of 10.3 kHz to be 16.1 W/cm/sup 2/. The ablation ring was then used to heat tissue mimicking rubber with absorption comparable to tissue. A temperature rise of 14 /spl deg/C was recorded. In our final experiment, the imaging array was used to view a 1 cm thick piece of beef with a 12 mm hole in it. The ablation ring was then used to create a lesion adjacent to the hole.
Generating Dense Point Correspondence Ground-Truth across Multiple Views

A ground truth dataset representing dense point correspondences across multiple views is useful in evaluating algorithms in a range of multiview geometry applications. Common datasets sparsely label point correspondences across views by either hand-marking corresponding points or by using identifiable fiducials in the scene. A few datasets feature dense correspondences but these have significant drawbacks: (i) methods using camera calibration and a laser scanner result in significant correspondence errors due to inaccurate depth estimates, (ii) methods using structured light can suffer from imaging artifacts or limitations. In addition, most of these datasets have only limited horizontal translation, not depicting wide-baseline challenges such as occlusion and intensity variations. We propose a probabilistic framework using a structured light approach where the likelihood of pixel correspondences is measured. We show that a logarithmic representation of ratios of images is the proper domain to assess the likelihood that an image pixel corresponds to a given illumination pattern. The result is a probabilistic dense correspondence map which can be used for evaluating multiview algorithms. We have created a dataset containing 13 high resolution images of a complex scene taken from distinct views which is lit using three different projectors. The resulting multi-view correspondence will be made available for public use.
Vigilance: Where Has All the Workload Gone?

The present study explored whether instructions given to subjects at the outset of a vigilance experiment impact their ratings of frustration and workload. The present task consisted of monitoring a video display terminal (VDT) of uniform color for 30 min. Subjects were asked to respond to occasional 3 ms “flickers” to a different color. Half of the subjects were told to relax by focusing on the display, but to respond to any flickers observed. The remaining subjects were given traditional vigilance instructions emphasizing the importance of detecting as many “critical signals” or flickers as possible. Before and after the vigil, subjects completed the NASA Task Load Index (TLX; Hart and Staveland, 1988) which measured the subjective workload for the vigil. Hits and false alarm data were recorded for each 10 min period within the 30 min vigil. A significant reduction in mean number of hits was observed over the three periods for all subjects. A subsequent analysis showed that perceptual sensitivity also d...
On the effectiveness of k;-anonymity against traffic analysis and surveillance

The goal of most research on anonymity, including all currently used systems for anonymity, is to achieve anonymity through unlinkability: an adversary should not be able to determine the correspondence between the input and output messages of the system. An alternative anonymity goal is unobservability: an adversary should not be able to determine who sends and who receives messages. We study the effect of k-anonymity, a weak form of unobservability, on two types of attacks against systems that provide only unlinkability.
Strange fourier steganography in movies

Encryption can be easily detected and given enough computational power, any encryption can be cracked. Steganography provides an alternative to encryption, and a new technique called strange Fourier steganography (SFS) offers a complex method for hiding data in movies that as the advantage of being harder to detect and crack. Another advantage of this technique is that it allows for nearly unlimited complexity for hiding data in movies. Strange Fourier steganography can be customized by the user and makes finding and viewing the hidden data more difficult, thus increasing the security of data.
Effects of elevated pCO2 and/or osmolality on the growth and recombinant tPA production of CHO cells

Carbon dioxide is a by-product of mammalian cell metabolism that will build up in culture if it is not removed from the medium. Increased carbon dioxide levels are generally not a problem in bench-top bioreactors, but inhibitory levels can easily be reached in large-scale vessels, especially if the aeration gas is enriched in oxygen. Due to the equilibrium attained between dissolved CO(2) and bicarbonate, increased pCO(2) is associated with increased osmolality in bioreactors with pH control. While a few preliminary reports indicate that elevated pCO(2) levels can inhibit cell growth and/or recombinant protein production, no comprehensive analysis of the interrelated effects of elevated pCO(2) and osmolality has been published. We have examined the effects of 140, 195, and 250 mm Hg (187, 260, and 333 mbar, respectively) pCO(2) (with and without osmolality control) on the growth of and recombinant tPA production by MT2-1-8 Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The effects of elevated osmolality were also investigated at the control pCO(2) of 36 mm Hg. Elevated pCO(2) at 310 mOsm/kg osmolality inhibited cell growth in a dose-dependent fashion, with a maximum decrease of 30% in the specific growth rate (mu) at 250 mm Hg. Osmolality alone had no effect on mu, but the combination of elevated pCO(2) and osmolality increased the maximal reduction in mu to 45%. Elevated pCO(2) at 310 mOsm/kg osmolality decreased the specific tPA production rate (q(tPA)) by up to 40% at 250 mm Hg. Interestingly, while increased osmolality decreased q(tPA) significantly at 140 mm Hg pCO(2), it had no effect or even increased q(tPA) at 195 and 250 mm Hg. (c) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Molecular dynamics re-refinement of two different small RNA loop structures using the original NMR data suggest a common structure

Restrained molecular dynamics simulations are a robust, though perhaps underused, tool for the end-stage refinement of biomolecular structures. We demonstrate their utility—using modern simulation protocols, optimized force fields, and inclusion of explicit solvent and mobile counterions—by re-investigating the solution structures of two RNA hairpins that had previously been refined using conventional techniques. The structures, both domain 5 group II intron ribozymes from yeast ai5γ and Pylaiella littoralis, share a nearly identical primary sequence yet the published 3D structures appear quite different. Relatively long restrained MD simulations using the original NMR restraint data identified the presence of a small set of violated distance restraints in one structure and a possibly incorrect trapped bulge nucleotide conformation in the other structure. The removal of problematic distance restraints and the addition of a heating step yielded representative ensembles with very similar 3D structures and much lower pairwise RMSD values. Analysis of ion density during the restrained simulations helped to explain chemical shift perturbation data published previously. These results suggest that restrained MD simulations, with proper caution, can be used to “update” older structures or aid in the refinement of new structures that lack sufficient experimental data to produce a high quality result. Notable cautions include the need for sufficient sampling, awareness of potential force field bias (such as small angle deviations with the current AMBER force fields), and a proper balance between the various restraint weights.
A Manager’s Guide to the Design and Conduct of Clinical Trials. Phillip I. Good. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2002, 242 pp., $64.95. ISBN 0-471-22615-7.

This book is must-have reading for anyone in the business of designing, managing, or conducting clinical trials of drugs or medical devices. It is easy to read and full of practical pointers gleaned from the author’s experience as a statistician and a consultant to the Pharma industry; two resources often brought in after the fact to rescue a venture gone sour. Taken to heart, Good’s philosophy that it is better to prepare rather than to repair will go a long way in assuring the success of any clinical trial. The book is arranged in a logical series …
Automatic code generation for heterogeneous multiprocessors

This paper describes the use of Ptolemy to automatically generate code for heterogeneous multiprocessor systems. The framework presented lets the designer migrate from simulation to code generation while developing an application that is specified by constructing a dataflow graph. From primitive send and receive actors, the framework can automatically construct three classes of interprocessor communication (IPC) interfaces. The first type of interface uses a synchronous dataflow (SDF) parallel scheduler to partition and schedule the graph across the available processors. The second type of interface allows hierarchical use of cooperating schedulers within an application. Finally, the third interface uses the send and receive actors as an interface between code generation and simulation systems in Ptolemy. To illustrate the framework, we present an example of a heterogeneous architecture consisting of a workstation with multiple Motorola 56001 processors. We present the relative strengths and weaknesses of each type of interface. >
The Pathogenic Th17 Cell Response to Major Schistosome Egg Antigen Is Sequentially Dependent on IL-23 and IL-1β

CBA/J mice infected with the helminth Schistosoma mansoni develop severe CD4 T cell-mediated hepatic granulomatous inflammation against parasite eggs associated with a robust Th17 cell response. We investigated the requisites for Th17 cell development using novel CD4 T cells expressing a transgenic TCR specific for the major Sm-p40 egg Ag, which produce IL-17 when stimulated with live schistosome eggs. Neutralization of IL-23 or blockade of the IL-1 receptor, but not IL-6 neutralization, abrogated egg-induced IL-17 secretion by transgenic T cells, whereas exogenous IL-23 or IL-1β reconstituted their ability to produce IL-17 when stimulated by syngeneic IL-12p40–deficient dendritic cells. Kinetic analysis demonstrated that IL-17 production was initiated by IL-23 and amplified by IL-1β. Significantly, schistosome-infected IL-12p40–deficient or IL-1R antagonist-treated CBA/J mice developed markedly reduced hepatic immunopathology with a dampened egg Ag-specific IL-17 response. These results demonstrate that the IL-23–IL-1–IL-17 axis has a central role in the development of severe schistosome egg-induced immunopathology.
Severe Persistent Allergic Rhinitis. Inflammation but No Histologic Features of Structural Upper Airway Remodeling

Rationale: Increases in airway smooth muscle, extracellular matrix, and vascularity are prominent features of airway remodeling in asthma, whereas the extent of such remodeling in patients with persistent allergic rhinitis (PAR) is unknown.Objectives: To test the hypothesis that upper airway remodeling is a feature of PAR.Methods: Total nasal symptoms scores, nasal biopsies, and Th1 and Th2 cytokines from nasal lavage were assessed in subjects with severe PAR (n = 46) and healthy control subjects (n = 19). Angiolymphangiogenesis was examined using immunohistochemistry staining against CD31 (vascular endothelial cells), vascular endothelial growth factor-A, and D2-40 (lymphatic endothelial cells). Collagen and extracellular matrix proteins, such as heat shock protein-47 (markers of collagen synthesis), matrix metalloproteinase-9, and tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase-1, and α-smooth muscle actin (myofibroblasts) were evaluated as markers of activation of upper airway remodeling using image analysis, toget...
Highlights of OH, H2SO4, and methane sulfonic acid measurements made aboard the NASA P‐3B during Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific

[1] Measurements of hydroxyl radical (OH), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), and methane sulfonic acid (MSA) were performed aboard the NASA P-3B using the selected ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry technique during the Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific (TRACE-P) study. Photochemical box model calculations of OH concentrations yielded generally good agreement with an overall tendency to overestimate the measured OH by ∼20%. Further analysis reveals that this overestimation is present only at altitudes greater than ∼1.5 km, with the model underestimating OH measurements at lower altitudes. Boundary layer H2SO4 measurements, performed in a volcanic plume off the southern coast of Japan, revealed some of the largest marine boundary layer H2SO4 concentrations ever observed and were accompanied by new particle formation. Nighttime measurements of OH, H2SO4, and MSA in the remote pacific off Midway Island revealed significant boundary layer concentrations of H2SO4 and MSA, indicating evidence of nighttime boundary layer oxidation processes but in the absence of OH. A cursory exploration of the sources of production of the H2SO4 and MSA observed at night is presented.
Origins of ion selectivity in potassium channels from the perspective of channel block

Potassium channels play crucial roles in physiology, and one of their more important roles is to repolarize the membrane after an action potential in excitable cells (Hille, 2001). During an action potential, Na+ channels open first and depolarize the cell membrane, which is followed closely by their inactivation and subsequent opening of K+ channels that repolarize the cell membrane by allowing K+ to flow out of the cell. If Na+ were allowed to move through K+ channels, the influx of Na+ would compete with the outflow of K+, and the sharp membrane repolarization would no longer occur. It is then paramount that K+ channels select keenly against Na+ ions.
Organic Pie Charts

We present a new visualization of the distance and cluster structure of high dimensional data. It is particularly well suited for analysis tasks of users unfamiliar with complex data analysis techniques as it builds on the well known concept of pie charts. The non-linear projection capabilities of Emergent Self-Organizing Maps (ESOM) are used to generate a topology-preserving ordering of the data points on a circle. The distance structure within the high dimensional space is visualized on the circle analogously to the U-Matrix method for two-dimensional SOM. The resulting display resembles pie charts but has an organic structure that naturally emerges from the data. Pie segments correspond to groups of similar data points. Boundaries between segments represent low density regions with larger distances among neighboring points in the high dimensional space. The representation of distances in the form of a periodic sequence of values makes time series segmentation applicable to automated clustering of the data that is in sync with the visualization. We discuss the usefulness of the method on a variety of data sets to demonstrate the applicability in applications such as document analysis or customer segmentation.
Hereditary hemochromatosis: update for 2003

The term ‘hemochromatosis’ was first used by von Recklinghausen, a German pathologist in the late 1800s [1]; he determined that the pigmentation seen in patients with advanced hemochromatosis was due to iron. In 1935, Joseph Sheldon, a British geriatrician, published a monograph describing over 300 patients with hemochromatosis [2]. He concluded that the disorder was an inherited defect with all of the pathology caused by excess iron in involved tissues. In the mid-1970s, Simon and colleagues in northern France determined definitively that hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) was inherited as an autosomal recessive disorder linked to the short arm of chromosome 6 in the region of HLA-A3 [3]. Finally, in 1996, a team of molecular geneticists at a small biotechnology company called Mercator Genetics in California used a positional cloning technique to discover the gene responsible for HH [4]. It was first called HLA-H and was later renamed HFE. Since that important discovery, tremendous advances in our understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms that occur in HH have taken place; further, our ability to diagnose patients, screen families, and evaluate whole populations has been enhanced.
Meshless deformable models for LV motion analysis

We propose a novel meshless deformable model for in vivo cardiac left ventricle (LV) 3D motion estimation. As a relatively new technology, tagged MRI (tMRI) provides a direct and noninvasive way to reveal local deformation of the myocardium, which creates a large amount of heart motion data which requiring quantitative analysis. In our study, we sample the heart motion sparsely at intersections of three sets of orthogonal tagging planes and then use a new meshless deformable model to recover the dense 3D motion of the myocardium temporally during the cardiac cycle. We compute external forces at tag intersections based on tracked local motion and redistribute the force to meshless particles throughout the myocardium. Internal constraint forces at particles are derived from local strain energy using a moving least squares (MLS) method. The dense 3D motion field is then computed and updated using the Lagrange equation. The new model avoids the singularity problem of mesh-based models and is capable of tracking large deformation with high efficiency and accuracy. In particular, the model performs well even when the control points (tag intersections) are relatively sparse. We tested the performance of the meshless model on a numerical phantom, as well as in vivo heart data of healthy subjects and patients. The experimental results show that the meshless deformable model can fully recover the myocardium motion in 3D.
Software design issues for ubiquitous computing

The defining characteristic of ubiquitous computing is the attempt to break away from the traditional desktop computing paradigm and move computational power into the environment that surrounds the user. Increasing miniaturization brought on by advances in areas such as VLSI design means that we will soon be able to instrument our environments in order to realize the dream of ubiquitous computing. The promise of ubiquitous computing, however, is that the increased pervasiveness of computation will lead to less intrusive and more valuable services to the end user. For this dream to be realized we need to accompany hardware advances with advances in software technology. In this paper, the author discusses some software challenges for ubiquitous computing.
Fathers' involvement in household activities

This paper reports a study which examined the extent of the father's involvement in child rearing and traditionally female household work. The quality of life perceived by the husband, wife and oldest child in each family in the sample was assessed.
Fabrication and characterization of an InAlAs/InGaAs/InP ring oscillator using integrated enhancement- and depletion-mode high-electron mobility transistors

The fabrication and characterization of an 11-stage ring oscillator utilizing integrated enhancement- and depletion-mode (E/D-mode) high-electron mobility transistors (HEMT's) in the lattice-matched InAlAs/InGaAs/InGaAs material system is demonstrated. The 0.5-/spl mu/m gate length depletion-mode HEMT's (D-HEMT's) used in the circuit exhibit a threshold voltage (V/sub T/) of -365 mV with a standard deviation of 19 mV, while the enhancement-mode HEMT's (E-HEMT's) with identical gate length display a V/sub T/ of 195 mV with a standard deviation of only 9 mV. The unity current gain cutoff frequency (f/sub t/) for both devices is 70 GHz. The extremely high uniformity of the threshold voltages of these devices allowed for the implementation of a ring oscillator utilizing direct coupled FET logic (DCFL). At a supply voltage of 0.4 V, a room temperature propagation delay time (/spl tau//sub pd/) of 22.4 ps/stage, and a corresponding power dissipation of 120 /spl mu/W/stage is measured, yielding a power delay product (PDP) of 2.65 fJ/stage. To the best of the authors knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a circuit employing E/D-HEMT technology in the lattice-matched InP-based material system.
Interactive Learning with TREE: Teachable Relation and Event Extraction System

Information extraction, and specifically event and relation extraction from text, is an important problem in the age of big data. Current solutions to these problems require large amounts of training data or extensive feature engineering to find domain-specific events. We introduce a novel Interactive Learning approach that greatly reduces the number of training examples needed and requires no feature engineering. Our method achieves event detection precision in the 80 s and 90 s with only 1 h of human supervision.
Influence of pH on the interaction of cardiotonic steroids with sodium- and potasssium-dependent adenosine triphosphatase.

pH influences the equilibrium binding and the association and dissociation rate constants ( ka and kd ) of ouabain and digoxigenin for (Na+ + K+)-ATPase. When the cardiotonic steroid-enzyme complexes are formed in the presence of Mg2+ and Pi (type II complex) between pH 6.5 and 8.5, the ka values of ouabain and digoxigenin and the apparent number of sites according to Scatchard plots of digoxigenin binding are reduced as the pH is increased. These changes correspond to changes in enzyme phosphorylation by Mg2+ and Pi. The kd values of type II complexes with ouabain and digoxigenin are constant below pH 8.0, but they decrease significantly to a new plateau at about pH 8.0 and above. This change is slow and reversible, and it is produced only by changing the pH of the dissociation medium. In the cardiotonic steroid-enzyme complex formed in the presence of Na+, Mg2+, and ATP (type I complex), the ka values of ouabain, the apparent number of sites for digoxigenin binding, and enzyme phosphorylation by ATP are not influenced by pH. On the other hand, the kd of the type I ouabain-enzyme complex decreases with increasing pH; the kd at pH 8.0 is one-fifth the value at pH 6.5. The kd of the type I ouabain-enzyme complex is not dependent on pH during complex formation but is dependent on pH during dissociation. These effects of pH on the ka values of both cardiac glycoside and steroid support the reaction mechanism previously proposed: that cardiac steroids on glycosides bind to the phosphorylated form of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase and that binding of the steroid portion results in activation of the sugar-binding site, with consequent binding of the glycoside portion.
One-Way Transfers and Organizational Cohesion

(1989). One-Way Transfers and Organizational Cohesion. Annals of the International Communication Association: Vol. 12, Communication Yearbook 12, pp. 675-687.
Multiple recurrent squamous cell carcinomas and utility of anticytokeratin immunohistochemistry

Mohs micrographic surgery remains the gold standard for the treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) of the head and neck. However, for recurrent or aggressive SCCs, it can be challenging at times to ensure complete margin control on hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) frozen sections alone. The authors present a case of multiple recurrent SCC that was ultimately found to have occult foci of tumor identifiable only by anticytokeratin immunohistochemistry (IHC). Although a large volume of literature addresses the topic of IHC for melanocytic neoplasms treated by traditional Mohs and “slow Mohs,” there is a relative paucity of commentary on its use in SCCs.1 This unusual case highlights the importance of anticytokeratin IHC for SCCs, especially in tumors that are recurrent or have aggressive or atypical cytomorphology.
Association between the ABO blood group and primary knee osteoarthritis: A case-control study

Abstract Background Recent studies have suggested association between the ABO blood group and inflammation, which was a crucial pathological process of primary knee osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the ABO blood group and primary knee osteoarthritis ​and the severity of primary knee osteoarthritis evaluated by the Kellgren/Lawrence score, as well as the histopathologic association in a subgroup of patients. Methods We performed a retrospective review of patients with primary knee osteoarthritis that served as the case group ​and a random sampling of healthy blood donors that served as the control group. The severity of knee osteoarthritis at the first outpatient visit was evaluated by the Kellgren/Lawrence scoring system. Further study was performed to investigate the expression of blood group antigens in synovial tissue of the knee in both cases and controls. Results A total of 1126 cases and 30299 controls were involved. The proportion of AB blood group was higher in the case group than in the control group (9.7% vs. 7.8%), and logistic regression revealed that the AB blood group was a risk factor of primary knee osteoarthritis (P ​= ​0.025 and 0.048 for univariate and multivariate analysis, respectively), independent of age (P ​= ​0.973) and sex (P ​= ​0.520). Patients of the blood group AB had a higher Kellgren/Lawrence score (P ​= ​0.017). The immunohistochemical study indicated association between LeY antigen and primary knee osteoarthritis (P ​= ​0.029). Conclusions This study suggested that the blood group AB was associated with primary knee osteoarthritis, as well as its radiological severity. Further study indicated that LeY antigen, which was related to the blood group, was associated with primary knee osteoarthritis. Translational potential of this article This study revealed that blood group AB and LeY antigen was associated with primary knee osteoarthritis, which shed new light on the nature of osteoarthritis, and the development of novel therapy for osteoarthritis.
Photoelectron spectroscopy of the hydroxymethoxide anion, H2C(OH)O−

We report the negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy of the hydroxymethoxide anion, H2C(OH)O−. The photoelectron spectra show that 3.49 eV photodetachment produces two distinct electronic states of the neutral hydroxymethoxy radical (H2C(OH)O⋅). The H2C(OH)O⋅ ground state (X 2A) photoelectron spectrum exhibits a vibrational progression consisting primarily of the OCO symmetric and asymmetric stretches, the OCO bend, as well as combination bands involving these modes with other, lower frequency modes. A high-resolution photoelectron spectrum aids in the assignment of several vibrational frequencies of the neutral H2C(OH)O⋅ radical, including an experimental determination of the H2C(OH)O⋅ 2ν12 overtone of the H–OCO torsional vibration as 220(10) cm−1. The electron affinity of H2C(OH)O⋅ is determined to be 2.220(2) eV. The low-lying A 2A excited state is also observed, with a spectrum that peaks ∼0.8 eV above the X 2A state origin. The A 2A state photoelectron spectrum is a broad, partially resolved ban...
Mad Sound and the Crystal-Image: The Soundtrack of Rivette’s L’Amour fou

The relationship between the soundtrack and the image has long been conceptualized by both practitioners and theorists as a ‘marriage’, a problematic metaphor whose gendered implications have been frequently examined and criticized in the scholarly literature. A film such as Jacques Rivette’s L’amour fou (1969), which tells the story of the unraveling of a marriage between a stage director and an actress, is well positioned to make provocative thematic use of this venerable metaphor in a way that obliquely anticipates the scholarly critique. The relationship between sound and image in the film is frequently fraught if also structurally obscure, but across the four hours of the film the dissolution of the relationship between the couple is reflected in an increasingly disjointed treatment of sound, which we interpret in terms of Deleuze’s crystal-image.
Exploring the Spatiotemporal Pattern of Cyberbullying with Yik Yak

Cyberbullying is an emerging social issue along with the prevalence of social media. Previous studies have used extensive surveys or firsthand data primarily from conventional social networks1 (e.g., Twitter) to study cyberbullying, which often ignores the factor of anonymity and location. Considering the sensitive nature and contagious effect of cyberbullying, a better understanding of the spatiotemporal pattern in cyberbullying is sorely needed to develop effective policies to combat this toxic social behavior. Grounded in the dramaturgy theory and the emerging literature on technoself, this study aims to compare cyberbullying in the anonymous social media (Yik Yak) with the conventional social media (Twitter) and explore its spatiotemporal patterns. A support vector machine is used to help identify records with bullying content. Average nearest neighbor, kernel density, and Ripley's K-function are used to explore the spatiotemporal patterns of cyberbullying behavior. We have found that cyberbullying is...
Measuring the accuracy of ROM reciprocal tables

It is proved that a conventional ROM reciprocal table construction algorithm generates tables that minimize the relative error. The worst case relative errors realized for such optimally computed k-bits-in, m-bits-out ROM reciprocal tables are then determined for all table sizes 3 /spl les/ k, m /spl les/ 12. It is then proved that the table construction algorithm always generates a k-bits-in, k-bits-out table with relative errors never any greater than 3(2/sup -k/)/4 for any k, and, more generally with g guard bits, that for (k + g)-bits-out the relative error is never any greater than 2/sup -(k+1)/(1 + 1/(2/sup g+1/)). To provide for determining test data without prior construction of a full ROM reciprocal table, a procedure that requires generation and searching of only a small portion of such a table to determine regions containing input data yielding the worst case relative errors is described. >
Assessing and treating Asian Americans: Recent advances in mental health research

There have been significant advances in research on Asian American mental health within the past decade. This chapter discusses resources and strategies for conducting culturally responsive assessment and treatment with Asian Americans that highlight the theories and knowledge gained since the publication of the previous edition of this Handbook in 2000. The first section on assessment discusses race, immigration, and culture-related factors that affect the phenomenology of distress among Asian Americans. The second section on treatment discusses theories and evidence regarding factors that increase therapeutic credibility as well as the recent advances in applying evidence-based treatment with Asian Americans.
Medicolegal Aspects of Asbestos II — Benign Pleural and Lung Diseases:

A variety of benign lesions affecting the pleura and/or lung can result from inhaling asbestos fibers. Establishing the presence or absence of these entities often plays an important role in the ev...
Casinos and Commercial Real Estate Values: A Case Study of Detroit

As discussed in Chap. 4, casino industry observers, especially critics, have argued that the casino industry “cannibalizes” other industries or acts as a substitute to other industries. Although this is true of any new firm or industry, to an extent, this criticism of casinos has been particularly influential in political and public debate. Yet, there have been few empirical analyses of this issue. There is no paper of which I am aware that has addressed whether casinos cause a substitution effect with other businesses at the local level. In this chapter we examine the substitution effect of casinos with other businesses using data from Detroit, Michigan.
Emerging two-dimensional halide perovskite nanomaterials

Halide-based perovskites have been found to be promising semiconductor materials for a variety of electronic and optoelectronic devices with high performance, including solar cells, light emitting diodes, photodetectors, etc. An ultra-long charge carrier lifetime/diffusion length, a high photoluminescence quantum efficiency, and a defect tolerant nature are essential in achieving high efficiency devices. Fundamental understanding of the structure–property–performance relationship of the halide perovskite at the nanoscale is currently attracting a significant amount of interest. In particular, an important and urgent topic is to bring the halide perovskites into the two-dimensional (2D) materials family not only for device miniaturization but also for exploring their physical properties under quantum confinement. Here, we highlight recent breakthroughs in the synthesis, characterization, and device application of atomically thin 2D halide perovskites. Moreover, future directions and challenges will be discussed to shed light on this promising field.
Photobiology: How flowers get the blues to lure bees

The petals of a range of flowers harbour repeated patterns of nanostructures that show similar levels of disorder across species. This degree of disorder produces a blue halo of scattered light that helps bees to find flowers. See Article p.469 The natural world is always a bit fuzzy at the edges, but the fuzziness has a purpose. The surfaces of petals of many flowers have striations or ridges, which scatter light. But these arrays of ridges are not always arranged in a regimental order. In this paper, Beverley Glover and colleagues find that all of the flowering plants that they examined whose petals have such striations always display the same degree of disorder. This creates a 'blue halo' around the petals that pollinators find attractive. The authors find that similarly disorderly conduct happens in all flowering plants that are pollinated by insects or other animals, whereas the most primitive flowers, which are not pollinated by animals, seem not to have this capacity for orderly disorder.
Energy Savings in the Citrus Industry

Can the operating management of a citrus concentrate plant afford not to manage energy with the same determination and effort that is already devoted to that critical measuring stick — productivity.Paper published with permission.Compilation Copyright © 2018 ASME
Effect of Different Class C Fly Ash Compositions on the Properties of the Alkali-Activated Concrete

Class C fly ashes from two different coal-fired power plants were used to manufacture alkali-activated concrete. The workability and the compressive strength were studied in this paper. The workability was measured by the slump test. The compressive strengths at different ages of 1, 7, and 28 days were measured. Three different curing regimes including elevated heat curing at 70 °C, laboratory ambient curing at 23 ± 2 °C, and moist curing in the moisture room at 23 ± 2 °C were applied to identical mixtures to investigate the curing regime effects. Both types of fly ashes showed high slump of 212.5 and 225 mm. The results revealed that the compressive strength of the specimens that cured at the ambient or moist conditions increased with increasing the calcium content in the fly ash. However, the compressive strength of the specimens that were cured at 70 °C decreased when increasing the calcium content of the fly ash. The compressive strength of the concrete based on fly ash having higher calcium content at 28 days reached to 34.78, 36.62, and 51.46 MPa for oven-, ambient-, and moist-cured specimens, respectively. Furthermore, the compressive strength of the concrete based on fly ash having relatively lower calcium content at 28 days reached to 36.43, 30.79, and 47.45 MPa for oven-, ambient-, and moist-cured specimens, respectively.
Transportation and Modal Choice

In the next two chapters I analyze pricing and investment policies in urban transportation. Since most trips in urban areas are made by automobiles, I tend to focus on policies affecting road travel. Travel patterns on roads are characterized by peak periods of heavy use when people are going to or returning from work and by nonpeak periods of lighter use when people are going to or returning from shopping and recreation.1 During peak periods, roads are very congested and travel speeds are slow, resulting in large losses in potential leisure time for travelers. The choice of pricing and investment policies for congested roads may radically affect these congestion costs and travel patterns during the day. These policies will also affect the consumer's choice of travel modes and the use and potential of alternatives to road travel in peak periods, such as rapid transit or buses. Finally, I note that, since commuting costs are a major determinant of city spatial characteristics, as demonstrated in Chapters 1 and 2, transportation policies will have a strong impact on city sizes and characteristics. As a starting point in this chapter I examine the nature of road travel and congestion and analyze optimal investment and pricing policies for a congested system such as a road or for a system such as rapid transit. Using the concepts and model developed, I turn to situations where there are constraints prohibiting the implementation of optimal policies. For example, in general, it may not be feasible to impose congestion tolls on road users, or there may be a nonoptimal budgetary limit on public financing of capital facilities. Of particular interest in this chapter are policies concerning the operation and use of alternative modes, such as roads and rapid transit, in circumstances where pricing and investment options for road travel are constrained. Finally, I review the question how much land should be devoted to roads at various distances from the CBD in a monocentric model of a city. In the next chapter I examine the nature of peak-period travel, such as the morning or evening rush hours. Topics analyzed are the commuter's decision when to travel on a particular facility and the effect of congestion tolls on this decision, the cost of travel, the optimal provision of transportation facilities, and the peak-period regulation of traffic.
Abstract 5745: Effect of activator of G-protein signaling 3 (AGS3) on prostate tumorigenesis

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of cancer death among men, with greater prevalence of the disease among the African American population in the US. Activator of G-protein Signaling 3 (AGS3/GPSM1), a receptor-independent activator of G-protein signaling has been shown to affect different cellular processes and cell cycle activity as well as tumor growth and development. AGS3 contains seven tetratricopeptide (TPR) repeats in its N-terminal half and four G-protein regulatory (GPR) motifs in its C-terminal half. The aim of this study is to assess the role of AGS3 in prostate cancer development and metastasis as well as to understand the molecular dynamics involved. To that end, the metastatic PCa cell lines LNCaP, PC3, MDA PCa 2b and DU-145 were analysed for AGS3 expression relative to RWPE-1, a non-metastatic Pca cell line. Quantitative RT-PCR and western blot analysis have shown that AGS3 expression varies in the PCa cell lines relative to control RWPE-1. Overexpression of AGS3 in PC3 and LNCaP cells significantly enhanced tumor progression in nude mice xenografts. Interestingly, expression of the TPR, not the GPR, repeats in LNCaP promoted tumor growth as well as the full length AGS3. Preliminary studies with a Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) mice deficient in AGS3 expression (TRAMP+/AGS3-/-) displayed decrease prostate tumorigenesis. Taken together, these results indicate that AGS3 expression promotes prostate tumor growth. The data also suggest that the effect of AGS3 in prostate tumorigenesis is mediated via its TPR, not GPR motif. Citation Format: Timothy O. Adekoya, Nikia Smith, Tonelia Mowatt, Temilade Aladeniyi, Ricardo M. Richardson. Effect of activator of G-protein signaling 3 (AGS3) on prostate tumorigenesis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5745.
Caregivers's Stress Secondary to Raising Young Children with HIV Infection: A Preliminary Investigation

This study examined the impact of caring for a child with HIV infection on biological mothers (also infected with HIV), familial caregivers, and foster mothers. Levels of reported parenting stress, emotional functioning, the impact of the child's illness, and coping strategies utilized were compared. Participants were 35 female caregivers of young children (birth to 5 years) with HIV infection. Demographic variables reflected group differences: biological mothers were younger, foster mothers had greater monthly income, and children who were living with relatives were older. Group differences were noted with regards to parent related stress, anxiety, and depression with foster mothers reporting lower levels. The types of coping strategies utilized were generally similar across groups. Results suggest that young, biological caregivers of children with HIV infection may benefit from careful assessment with regard to their need for psychological intervention.