cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Comparison Study of Common-Mode Noise and Thermal Performance for Lateral Wire-Bonded and Vertically Integrated High Power Diode Modules

This paper investigates the power module design for better common-mode (CM) noise and thermal performance. A high-frequency full-bridge diode rectifier is selected as a case study. The most influential factors in CM noise generation and mitigation are first identified with a simplified CM equivalent model and a comprehensive parametric study. Studies show proper parasitic value and parasitics symmetry can improve CM noise performance. The analysis of packaging structures indicates the vertical module has better CM noise and thermal performance than the traditional lateral wire-bonded module. To validate this, both modules are designed and prototyped for verification. The thermal simulation shows the vertical module exhibits a 25.5% lower thermal resistance from junction to case and a 51% increase of power density in a force-air-cooled condition. Experiments also reveal 15 dB of CM noise reduction from 150 kHz to 6 MHz and a 32% improvement of power density in a force-air-cooling condition. Finally, a case study demonstrates the vertical power module CM noise performance in a typical unsymmetrical topology. This results in a 30 dB CM noise reduction up to 6 MHz.
A representative volume element model for the adhesion between a micro-pillared surface and a compliant substrate

Abstract A representative volume element (RVE) model was developed to understand how the adhesion response between an effectively rigid substrate with micro-pillar arrays and a compliant substrate is affected by the spacing and aspect ratio of pillars. A number of verification and validation steps were taken to ensure the RVE model was robust. We found that the pull-off force decreases when pillar spacing is small enough such that the local deformation within the compliant substrate around one pillar is affected by neighboring pillars. Additionally, pull-off force can increase dramatically if the compliant substrate makes contact with the back surface between pillars, which occurs when the pillar spacing is large and pillar aspect ratio is small. Our RVE model can provide useful insights and quantitative data for understanding the adhesive contact mechanics between micro-patterned surfaces and soft substrates.
Cultivation of black soldier fly larvae on almond byproducts: impacts of aeration and moisture on larvae growth and composition

The increasing production of almonds worldwide has resulted in the significant generation of byproduct streams that require end uses. One potential use for byproducts is for cultivation of additional food sources including insects. Studies were performed to determine if black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens L.) could be cultivated on almond byproducts (hulls and shells) and to examine the effect of aeration and moisture on larvae growth and hull composition.; Results: Increasing aeration from 0.04 to 0.36 mL min-1 g dry weight-1 tripled the harvest weight of larvae and increased larvae yield by a factor of five. Larvae calcium content increased by 18% with an increase in aeration from 0.04 to 0.95 mL min-1 g dry weight-1 . Moisture content also affected harvest dry weight and yield; increasing moisture content from 480 g kg-1 (wet basis) to 680 g kg-1 increased harvest weight by 56% and yield by a factor of 2. Variables did not affect larvae methionine and cysteine content. Low moisture content and aeration rate yielded an environment that supported microbial consumption of hulls over larvae consumption and growth.; Conclusions: The results demonstrate that almond hulls are a suitable feedstock for larvae production under controlled management of moisture content and aeration. © 2018 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.; © 2018 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Moroccan Boys: Points of Resistance in Homosexual Tourism

This chapter studies the Moroccan boys’ perception to homosexual tourism. Navarro-Ayala focuses on the strategic subversion of the manipulation of their own young brown bodies and the controversial relationships created with older Frenchmen in Rachid O.’s narratives Chocolat chaud (1998) and Ce qui reste (2003). Navarro-Ayala’s study reveals a progression of sexual tourism from metier to facon d’etre in Morocco: The young boy learns he can earn cash for the use of his body and, thus, discovers the metier of sex worker as a paid activity; he then falls into this metier while working in another domain of the tourist industry; finally, he gives into a romance or another form of emotional attachment to the European tourist who offers him an important affective bond.
Doxorubicin triggers splenic contraction and irreversible dysregulation of COX and LOX that alters the inflammation-resolution program in the myocardium

Doxorubicin (DOX) triggered splenic mass loss and decreased CD169 with germinal center contraction in acute and chronic exposure. The cardiac toxicity of DOX is marked with dysregulation of immunom...
Tenets of Critical Leadership Theory and Their Implications

Distilling insights from our exploration guided by movement and direction through the fields of aesthetics, social sciences, animal sciences, and geotechnical engineering, this chapter offers tenets for incorporation into critical leadership research and into critical leadership development. We offer modes of analysis that do not shy away from the complexity of deeply embedded social problems, so the tenets are not prescriptive in the sense that they are quick methodological fixes.
Left out in the cold: temperature-dependence of defense in an African ant-plant mutualism

Many tropical plants are defended by ants, and the costs and benefits of these mutualisms can vary across gradients of herbivory, soil fertility, latitude, and other environmental factors. Yet despite an abundant literature documenting thermal constraints on ant activity and behavior, we know little about whether temperature variation can influence the benefits conferred by ants to plants. We evaluated the effects of dawn-to-dusk fluctuations in temperature on patrolling and aggressive behavior in four arboreal ant mutualists of Acacia drepanolobium trees in central Kenya. We found that ant aggressive behavior significantly increased with branch surface temperature, primarily in the two most aggressive ant species: Crematogaster mimosae and C. nigriceps workers attacked a simulated herbivore at higher rates as surface temperature rose. In a browsing experiment, we found that goats browsed more frequently and for longer durations on C. mimosae-defended trees during cooler times of day, while goat browsing on plants from which ants had been removed was not affected by temperature. Our study demonstrates temperature-dependence in the efficacy of ant defense against herbivory and suggests that these ant-plants may be more vulnerable to herbivory during cooler hours of the day, when many native browsers are most active.
Evolution of Technology-Enhanced Alternative Preparation for Special Education Teachers:

In this article, we describe the evolution of a statewide alternative teacher preparation program for teachers of students with disabilities and explain current processes to revise and expand the p...
The Integrity of Closing Prices

I examine three research themes related to the potential manipulation of closing prices. First, I examine the incentives for mutual fund and hedge fund managers to inflate the closing prices of their existing holdings by trading near the close on the last trading day of key performance measurement periods, such as the end of the quarter and the end of the year. Second, I examine how other financial intermediaries reacted to a well-documented alleged manipulation in which a portfolio manager repeatedly used “bang-the-close” trades to influence the settlement prices of commodity futures contracts. Third, I examine potential manipulation of closing stock prices on equity option expiration dates. I conclude with a discussion of regulatory implications and recent market design issues.
Effect of correlation between traction forces on tensional homeostasis in clusters of endothelial cells and fibroblasts.

Abstract The ability of cells to maintain a constant level of cytoskeletal tension in response to external and internal disturbances is referred to as tensional homeostasis. It is essential for the normal physiological function of cells and tissues, and for protection against disease progression, including atherosclerosis and cancer. In previous studies, we defined tensional homeostasis as the ability of cells to maintain a consistent level of cytoskeletal tension with low temporal fluctuations. In those studies, we measured temporal fluctuations of cell-substrate traction forces in clusters of endothelial cells and of fibroblasts. We observed those temporal fluctuations to decrease with increasing cluster size in endothelial cells, but not in fibroblasts. We quantified temporal fluctuation, and thus homeostasis, through the coefficient of variation (CV) of the traction field; the lower the value of CV, the closer the cell is to the state of tensional homeostasis. This metric depends on correlation between individual traction forces. In this study, we analyzed the contribution of correlation between traction forces on traction field CV in clusters of endothelial cells and fibroblasts using experimental data that we had obtained previously. Results of our analysis showed that positive correlation between traction forces was detrimental to homeostasis, and that it was cell type-dependent.
How autophagy is tied to inflammation and cancer

It is not completely understood how autophagy is tied to inflammation and age-related cancer predisposition. Here, we used a mouse model with inducible expression of a cancer-derived frameshift mutation in UV radiation resistance associated (UVRAG) to demonstrate that intervention with autophagy suppressor could exacerbate inflammation and promote age-related spontaneous cancers.
Effects of respiratory muscle therapy on obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Study Objectives:The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the effects of respiratory muscle therapy (ie, oropharyngeal exercises, speech therapy, bre...
Detection of Brain Abnormalities using Machine Learning Algorithm

Brain is the most important organ of the human body. It controls the entire function of the human body. Early detection of brain abnormality enhances proper medication and better health. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signal is the measure of the electrical activity of the brain. This paper suggests the signal algorithm for detection of brain abnormalities migraine and seizure by using EEG signals. The dataset consists of 67 persons of EEG signals with sampling rate of 128Hz and 256Hz. The statistical features of the power spectral density of the EEG signals are used as the input for the SVM classifier for detection of seizure and migraine brain abnormalities. Recognition rate of 100% for the sampling rate of 256Hz and 89% for the sampling rate of 128Hz is achieved.
Occult Ingested Foreign Body: An Unusual Cause of Perimyocarditis

Abstract Background Intracardiac foreign bodies have been described in the literature, however, they are rare entities, particularly in pediatric patients. We present a case of a teenage boy diagnosed with perimyocarditis who was found to have an unexpected underlying etiology: an unknowingly swallowed sewing pin. Case Report A 17-year-old boy presented to the Emergency Department with 3 days of chest pain suggestive of perimyocarditis, in the absence of prodromal symptoms or trauma. Electrocardiogram at the time of presentation demonstrated diffuse ST-segment elevation consistent with perimyocarditis. A chest radiograph was significant for a linear density in the anterior mid chest, concerning for foreign body. Chest computed tomography confirmed the presence of a 3.5-cm linear metallic foreign body within the right ventricle. Why Should an Emergency Physician Be Aware of This? This case demonstrates the need to consider alternative etiologies for perimyocarditis, especially in the absence of the typical prodromal symptoms. In addition, it highlights the potential devastating complications of foreign body ingestion and challenges the paradigm that ingested sharp linear foreign bodies
Hip Joint Contact Loading and Muscle Forces During Running With a Transtibial Amputation.

People with unilateral transtibial amputations (TTA) have greater risks of bilateral hip osteoarthritis, related to asymmetric biomechanics compared to people without TTA. Running is beneficial for physical health and is gaining popularity. However, people with TTA may not have access to running-specific prostheses (RSPs), which are designed for running, and may instead run using their daily-use prosthesis (DUP). Differences in joint loading may result from prosthesis choice; thus, it is important to characterize changes in peak and impulsive hip joint contact loading during running. Six people with and without TTA ran at 3.5 m/s while ground reaction forces, kinematics, and electromyography were collected. People with TTA ran using their own RSP and DUP. Musculoskeletal models incorporating prosthesis type of each individual were used to quantify individual muscle forces and hip joint contact forces (HJCFs) during running. People using RSPs had smaller bilateral peak hip joint contact forces compared to when wearing DUPs during stance and swing, and a smaller impulse over the entire gait cycle. Greater amputated leg peak hip joint contact forces for people wearing DUPs compared to RSPs occurred with greater forces from the ipsilateral gluteus maximus during stance. People with TTA also had greater bilateral peak hip joint contact forces during swing compared to people without TTA, which occurred with greater peak gluteus medius forces. Running with more compliant RSPs may be beneficial for long-term joint health by reducing peak and impulsive hip loading compared to DUPs.
On Sampling Closed Planar Curves and Surfaces

In this paper we consider a problem of sampling a continuous planar curve. We show that in order to sample a curve, one needs to impose a priori assumptions about the type of parameterization (coordinate system), which would provide a functional form for otherwise just a set of points on the plane. The emphasis in this paper is on curves representable in polar coordinates, but the sampling techniques can be generalized to other coordinate systems. Samples of a curve must incorporate the information about both the curve and the coordinate system that was used to produce them. The curve is then obtained from the samples by first reconstructing the coordinate system and finally the curve itself.
History: An Engineering View

The modern “wireless” society, where it is almost impossible to stay still and ponder for more than a few seconds, idolizes heroes. For this reason, discoveries of radical inventions are always glorified and given an aura of mystery.
Use of Geographic Information System Technology to Evaluate Health Disparities in Smoking Cessation Class Accessibility for Patients in Louisiana Public Hospitals.

Research has shown cigarette smoking is a major risk factors for many type of cancer or cancer prognosis. Tobacco related health disparities were addressed continually in cancer screening, diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control. The present study evaluated the health disparities in attendance of smoking cessation counseling classes for 4826 patients scheduled to attend between 2005 and 2007. Of 3781 (78.4%) patients with records to calculate the distance from their home domicile to counseling sites using Geographic Information System technology, 1435 (38%) of smokers who attended counseling had shorter travel distances to counseling sites (11.6 miles, SD=11.29) compared to non-attendees (13.4 miles, SD=16.72). When the travel distance was greater than 20 miles, the estimated odds of attending decreased with greater travel distance. Smokers who actually attended were more likely to be older, female, White, living in urban areas, and receiving free healthcare. After controlling for other socio-demographic factors, shorter distances were associated with greater class attendance, and individuals more likely to attend included those that lived closer to the counseling site and in urban settings, were female, White, commercially insured, and older than their counterparts. These findings have the potential to provide important insights for reducing health disparities for cancer prevention and control, and to improve shared decision making between providers and smokers.
Brain-Computer Interface Training With Functional Electrical Stimulation: Facilitating Changes in Interhemispheric Functional Connectivity and Motor Outcomes Post-stroke

While most survivors of stroke experience some spontaneous recovery and receive treatment in the subacute setting, they are often left with persistent impairments in upper limb sensorimotor function which impact autonomy in daily life. Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) technology has shown promise as a form of rehabilitation that can facilitate motor recovery after stroke, however, we have a limited understanding of the changes in functional connectivity and behavioral outcomes associated with its use. Here, we investigate the effects of EEG-based BCI intervention with functional electrical stimulation (FES) on resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) and motor outcomes in stroke recovery. 23 patients post-stroke with upper limb motor impairment completed BCI intervention with FES. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scans and behavioral data were collected prior to intervention, post- and 1-month post-intervention. Changes in rsFC within the motor network and behavioral measures were investigated to identify brain-behavior correlations. At the group-level, there were significant increases in interhemispheric and network rsFC in the motor network after BCI intervention, and patients significantly improved on the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) and SIS domains. Notably, changes in interhemispheric rsFC from pre- to both post- and 1 month post-intervention correlated with behavioral improvements across several motor-related domains. These findings suggest that BCI intervention with FES can facilitate interhemispheric connectivity changes and upper limb motor recovery in patients after stroke.
Tracking free-form activity using wifi signals

WiFi human sensing has become increasingly attractive in enabling emerging human-computer interaction applications. The corresponding technique has gradually evolved from the classification of multiple activity types to more fine-grained tracking of 3D human poses. However, existing WiFi-based 3D human pose tracking is limited to a set of predefined activities. In this work, we present Winect, a 3D human pose tracking system for free-form activity using commodity WiFi devices. Our system tracks free-form activity by estimating a 3D skeleton pose that consists of a set of joints of the human body. In particular, Winect first identifies the moving limbs by leveraging the signals reflected off the human body and separates the entangled signals for each limb. Then, our system tracks each limb and constructs a 3D skeleton of the body by modeling the inherent relationship between the movements of the limb and the corresponding joints. Our evaluation results show that Winect achieves centimeter-level accuracy for free-form activity tracking under various environments.
Investigation of Instability in Rheological Equations of The Differential Type

Previous studies have argued that rheological equations of the differential type, such as the second order model are inadequate because they show instability after cessation of steady shear. The paper elucidates this problem by demonstrating that these equations become stable at low Deborah Numbers, where the equations are valid.
Correlation of molecular docking and cytotoxicity assay for prediction of ABCB1-substrates and -non-substrates

1361 Objectives ABCB1 (P-Glycoprotein, Pgp, 170 kDa plasma membrane protein) represents a critical barrier to successful chemotherapy and delivery of therapeutics into the brain (blood-brain barrier). New FDA guidelines require that all new drugs must have their Pgp status verified to avoid dosing complications following their approval. To assess whether or not molecular docking in combination with a cytotoxicity screen for a given chemotherapeutic could be employed as a tool for its stratification as a Pgp-substrate and -non substrate, we performed molecular docking experiments and cytotoxicity assays in MDR and non-MDR cells. Methods Schrodinger (Glide) was used for modeling. Crystal structure of mouse-Pgp was imported from the PDB. For determining efficacy, KB-3-1 and KB-8-5 cells in 96-well plates were exposed to chemotherapeutics and stimulants over a range of pharmacologically relevant concentrations at 37C for 5 d, and cell survivals were determined using the MTS method. Results The rank order for binding energy with the mouse Pgp using the best binding site was found to be: paclitaxel > vinblastine > doxorubicin > chloroquine. While the methotrexate showed modest binding energy, 5-fluorouracil did not show any significant affinity for the protein. Both stimulants (caffeine and nicotine) did not indicate any significant preferential binding affinities. While cytotoxicity profiles for paclitaxel, vinblastine, doxorubicin and chloroquine were modulated by the Pgp expression in MDR KB 8-5 cells, chemotherapeutic drug (5-fluorouracil) and stimulants (caffeine and nicotine) did not show any effects on either MDR or non-MDR cells. Conclusions Preliminary results indicate a correlation between the molecular docking data and cytotoxicity assay. However, this methodology would need to be examined in a larger group of chemotherapeutics and new chemical entities to further validate these results Research Support R33AG033328 (VS)
Matrix Eigenvector Methods

Widespread use of the linear variation method in quantum mechanics leads to the need for efficient matrix eigenvalue methods for real symmetric matrices. Efficiency must be judged, however, in terms of the ability to solve a variety of eigenvalue problems on computers of widely different architecture, memory size, and data transfer rates. To further confuse the situation, cost rather than system throughput, is usually of paramount concern. Additionally, algorithms vary widely in ease of programming, simplicity, reliability, portability and availability as part of standard packages. Consequently there are a wide variety of eigenvalue algorithms in use, and a typical quantum laboratory will incorporate several of these into their program package.
Nasal septal perforation associated with pyoderma gangrenosum.

BackgroundPyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a skin condition characterized by necrotic ulcers and most commonly occurs on the legs in association with inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis...
Merging Analytical Traditions

Daniel W. Bromley. Environment and Economy: Property Rights and Public Policy. Richard E. Cohen, Washington at Work: Back Rooms and Clean Air.
System Call-Based Detection of Malicious Processes

System call analysis is a behavioral malware detection technique that is popular due to its promising detection results and ease of implementation. This study describes a system that uses system call analysis to detect malware that evade traditional defenses. The system monitors executing processes to identify compromised hosts in production environments. Experimental results compare the effectiveness of multiple feature extraction strategies and detectors based on their detection accuracy at low false positive rates. Logistic regression and support vector machines consistently outperform log-likelihood ratio and signature detectors as processing and detection methods. A feature selection study indicates that a relatively small set of system call 3-grams provide detection accuracy comparable to that of more complex models. A case study indicates that the detection system performs well against a variety of malware samples, benign workloads, and host configurations.
Small lymphoid proliferations in extranodal locations.

Abstract Context.—Low-grade non-Hodgkin lymphomas frequently involve extranodal sites including the gastrointestinal tract, skin, and lung, either selectively or as part of widespread dissemination. Differentiation from inflammatory or infectious conditions requires knowledge of specific histologic characteristics of the various entities as well as ancillary techniques. Objective.—To describe the key features and provide diagnostic clues to the identification of specific extranodal low-grade lymphomas of T-cell and B-cell types including small lymphocytic lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphomas of mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue, and hairy cell leukemia. Histologic and cytologic features are highlighted, as well as appropriate integration of results of ancillary diagnostic studies including flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, molecular features, and cytogenetics. Data Sources.—The published literature as well as personal experience from a special...
Psychosocial profiles of older adolescent MDMA users

Abstract Purpose: Using a case-control design, patterns of drug use, psychological symptoms, and behavioral characteristics associated with 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA ) use were surveyed in a sample of older adolescents (median age 20). Methods: One hundred (42 MDMA users; 58 non-MDMA users) older adolescents were recruited using the “snowball” technique and interviewed regarding their use of MDMA and other drugs. The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), the Problem Oriented Screening Instrument for Teenagers (POSIT), the HIV/sexually transmitted diseases (STD) risk scale, and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) were also administered. Results: MDMA users were more likely to use other substances, endorse more symptoms of psychological distress, and had more problems in functional lifestyle areas. They also reported more childhood experiences of physical abuse, emotional neglect, and physical neglect than non-MDMA users. MDMA users also reported more sexually risky behaviors. Conclusions: Occasional MDMA use among older adolescents was associated with polydrug use, multiple social difficulties, psychological symptoms, and health risk behaviors. Further research is warranted to understand the long term psychosocial consequences of chronic MDMA and polydrug usage.
Development and Validation of a Model to Predict 5-Year Risk of Death without ESRD among Older Adults with CKD

Background and objectives CKD is associated with mortality. Accurate prediction tools for mortality may guide clinical decision-making, particularly among elderly persons with CKD. Design, setting, participants, & measurements A prediction equation was developed for 5-year risk of mortality among participants with CKD in the Cardiovascular Health Study. Sixteen candidate predictor variables were explored, which included demographics, physical examination measures, comorbidity, medication use, and kidney function measures (eGFR calculated from serum creatinine and the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration equation and the urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio). Models were developed using Cox regression and evaluated using c statistics. A final parsimonious model was externally validated in an independent cohort of community-living elders with CKD in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. Results The development cohort included 828 participants who had a mean age of 80 (±5.6) years and an eGFR of 47 (±11) ml/min per 1.73 m2, and median albumin-to-creatinine ratio of 13 (interquartile range 6–51) mg/g. The validation cohort included 789 participants who had a mean age of 74 (±2.8) years and an eGFR of 50 (±9) ml/min per 1.73 m2, and median albumin-to-creatinine ratio of 13 (interquartile range 6–42) mg/g. The final model for 5-year mortality risk included age, sex, race, eGFR, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and history of heart failure and stroke (c statistic=0.72; 95% confidence interval, 0.68 to 0.74). When a point-based system was assigned for each of nine variables in the equation, the estimated risk of death within 5 years ranged from 3.8% among participants with the lowest scores to 83.6% among participants with nine points. The model performed fair in external validation (c statistic=0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.64 to 0.74). Conclusions A simple prediction tool using nine readily available clinical variables can assist in predicting 5-year mortality risk in elderly patients with CKD, which may be useful in counseling patients and guiding clinical decision making.
Development of a new ion-exchange/coordinating phosphate ligand for the sorption of U(VI) and trivalent ions from phosphoric acid solutions

Abstract A polymer-bound monoprotic phosphoric acid ligand was developed for the sorption of U(VI) from 0.10 to 6.0 M phosphoric acid solutions. The ligands reported are new phosphorylated mono- and triethylene glycol ethyl esters (pEG1M and pEG3M) prepared by combining diethylchlorophosphate and 4-dimethylaminopyridine; they ion exchange through the acid site and coordinate through the phosphoryl oxygen. The binding mechanism is probed by comparing their results to coordinating phosphorylated mono- and triethylene glycol diethyl esters (pEG1 and pEG3) and the diprotic phosphonic acid (DPA) that operates by ion exchange. The affinities for Lu(III), La(III), Fe(III) and Al(III) were also determined. All metal ions were sorbed much more efficiently by the monoprotic ligand relative to the diprotic and coordinating ligands. It is proposed that a decrease in inter-ligand hydrogen bonding within the monoprotic ligand is responsible for the increased metal ion affinities. This is consistent with the FTIR spectra wherein the P=O band appears at 1262 cm−1 for pEG1 and this shifts down to 1229 cm−1 in pEG1M and 1180 cm−1 for DPA. Incorporating ether oxygen into the ligand further enhances metal affinities: pEG3M with three oxygen donors adjacent to the monoprotic site shows the highest affinity for metal ions. The increased affinities compared to pEG1M are due to complexation by the weakly binding ether oxygen donors. High metal ion affinities thus require both ion exchange with acidic protons and coordination with neutral donors. More rapid kinetics evident with pEG3M relative to DPA is further evidence for decreased hydrogen bonding which permits more rapid sorption. The affinity orders of the three acidic polymers are similar: U(VI), Lu(III)>Fe(III) >La(III)>Al(III). Ligand strength is pEG3M>pEG1M>DPA>pEG3>pEG1.
Elevated intraocular pressure, pigment dispersion and dark hypopyon in endogenous endophthalmitis from Listeria monocytogenes

Listeria monocytogenes endophthalmitis occurred in an immunologically competent patient with no identifiable extraocular septic focus. The patient presented with a dark hypopyon and markedly elevated intraocular pressure, and the diagnosis was established by culture and histopathologic examination of ocular fluid. Four of the fourteen reported cases of Listeria monocytogenes endophthalmitis also presented with a dark hypopyon, and all cases had markedly elevated intraocular pressure. The presence of a dark hypopyon and elevated intraocular pressure may indicate endogenous intraocular infection with Listeria monocytogenes, even in an apparently healthy host.
The reaction between pyridine-4-aldoxime and methiodide thioesters: a model for enzymic transacetylation.

Abstract Oximes are useful therapeutic adjuncts to atropine in the treatment of anticholinesterase poisoning, although their exact mechanism is not fully understood. Since it can be shown that oximes react rapidly and reversibly with thioesters in vitro, it is suggested that part of their therapeutic effect may be due to an interference with acetylcholine synthesis (a thioester-dependent reaction). Rate constants for the reactions of pyridine-4-aldoxime methiodide (4-PAM) with a series of thioesters (forward reactions) and of the acetate of pyridine-4-aldoxime methiodide (Ac-4-PAM) with the corresponding mercaptans (reverse reactions) are reported. The forward reactions are first-order with respect to the thioester and oximate ion concentration; the reverse reactions are first-order with respect to the aldoxime ester and mercaptide ion concentrations. Equilibrium constants calculated from kinetic data agree with those estimated from an analysis of reactants and products at steady state. Equations are given, relating the reactivity of a thioester with the acid dissociation constant of its corresponding mercaptan, which are useful for predicting the rate of a reaction of thioester with pyridine-4-aldoxime methiodide and in selecting a thioester for maximum reactivity at a given pH. At physiological pH (7.4), a thioester whose corresponding mercaptan has a pKa, of about 8.2 will have maximum reactivity with 4-pyridine aldoxime methiodide.
Grip Force and Muscle Activity Differences Due to Glove Type

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different types and sizes of gloves on external grip force and muscle activity. Twenty-one male and seven female volunteers served as subjects. Each subject performed two maximum voluntary grip contractions while wearing each of the 10 glove types. Results indicated significant differences in the effects of different glove types on the peak force, ratio of peak force to normalized flexor muscle EMG activity, and the ratio of peak force to coactivity.
Evaluating Traveler Preferences, Values, and Behaviors Associated with Public Rest Areas

How travelers select and value public rest areas was investigated. A comprehensive survey was conducted at 15 public rest areas throughout Michigan; a similar survey was performed at two large commercial travel centers for comparison purposes. The primary objectives of this survey were to (a) identify the reasons motorists stop at public rest areas versus commercial service facilities, (b) estimate the value of services provided by public rest areas, and (c) determine the probable action taken by motorists in the event that a public rest area was unavailable. Results of the survey indicated that patrons at both public rest areas and commercial service facilities generally preferred rest areas for basic services (e.g., restroom use, short break) primarily because of the convenient freeway access. The median patron-reported value of services at standard public rest areas was $1.68 per stop compared with $2.21 per stop at rest areas that included a traveler information center. Even though drivers of commerci...
The extension problem for lie group homomorphisms

Abstract The fact that Lie algebra homomorphisms can be extended to Lie group homomorphisms, provided the source is simply connected, is well-known. The situation in the non-simply connected case is less clear. In this paper, we show how ideas from differential geometry provide a unifying viewpoint about such extension problems. In particular, the holonomy bundle of a flat invariant connection plays a central role.
Investing for retirement

Outlines some research on the effects of risk on portfolios for retirement planning and puts forward a method to help individuals “increase their chances of not outliving their retirement portfolios”. Uses numerical examples to show how calculations of the savings needed to achieve specific retirement incomes may prove inaccurate, and how regular portfolio assessment can be used to make any necessary adjustments during the accumulation and/or the retirement stage.
Photoneutron cross sections for 32s

Abstract The cross section for the 32 S(γ, n) 31 S reaction plus the 32 S (γ, 2n) 30 S reaction was measured from threshold to 62 MeV using least-structure analysis of the bremsstrahlung yield curve. Maxima in this cross section appear at 20.3±0.4 MeV, 23.3±0.3 MeV, 27.4±0.5 MeV, 32.1±0.5 MeV, 39.3±0.7 MeV and 58.4±1.0 MeV. The cross section integrated to 62 MeV is 158±7 MeV ·. mb. The cross section for the 32 S(γ,pn) 30 P plus 32 S(γ, d) 30 P reactions plus the 32 S(γ, 2n) 30 S reaction was also measured. Structure occurs at 23.7±0.4 MeV, 25.7±0.4 MeV, 27.4±0.4 MeV. 29.4±0.5 MeV, 32.0±0.5 MeV, 35.4±0.5 MeV, 50.4±0.8 MeV and 55.9±1.0 MeV. The cross section integrated to 62 MeV is 65±5 MeV ·. mb.
Chemotopic organization in the bulbar gustatory relay of the rat.

IN the relay nuclei of the mammalian auditory system, one representation of sound frequency is the location of maximum neural activity within a nucleus. This spatial representation of stimulus quality is called tonotopic organization1. In the gustatory system, change in the response magnitudes to chemicals as a function of change in tongue region stimulated has already been demonstrated in the nucleus of the fasciculus solitarius (NFS)2. The preliminary data to be presented here indicate that discrete sub-areas which are highly responsive to some chemicals are located in the anterior tongue zone of the bulbar gustatory relay of the rat. The recording and stimulating techniques have been described previously2,3. The active electrode was a nickel-chrome wire, 25.4µ in diameter, insulated except at the tip. The multi-unit neural activity was led through an electronic summator4 into a recording milliammeter. The stimuli were liquids which flowed over the anterior tongue through a tongue chamber.
Vive la Différence? The Impact of Diversity on the Turnover Intention of Public Employees and Performance of Public Agencies

ABSTRACT This article addresses previous shortcomings in diversity management scholarship by testing an expanded diversity model borrowed from the work of Page (2007). Page's model assumes diversity can be measured as both a mean and a variance, and that it consists of cognitive, identity, and preference characteristics. We link Page's conceptualization of diversity to both individual-level outcomes and organizational performance. Results indicate cognitive, preference, and identity diversity have either no or small, mixed effects on employee turnover intentions and agency performance; instead, findings suggest employee voice and organizational size and structure matter more than diversity in our sample. We conclude with a discussion of the theoretical ramifications of our findings.
Effect of benzodiazepine compounds on brain amine metabolism.

Abstract In mice, chlordiazepoxide, diazepam and flurazepam reduced 5-HT synthesis and metabolism in the teldiencephalon following an i.v. injection of 3 H-tryptophan. Only diazepam produced a significant effect in the brainstem. The steady state level of brain 5-HT or of tryptophan was not altered by any of the drugs. Chlordiazepoxide and diazepam, but not flurazepam, decreased the rate of norepinephrine loss from the brain following inhibition of synthesis with α-methyltyrosine.
Re-examination of Hg pollution in the Ashtabula area, Astabula County, Ohio

Abstract Environmental concern about Hg pollution in Lake Erie peaked in 1970 with most investigations being directed to the west end of the lake and problems associated with Lake St. Clair. The Ohio Geological Survey subsequently (1970–1971) collected and analyzed stream and lake sediments in the vicinity of several industrial areas that border Lake Erie and reported indications of Hg pollution along the lower reaches of the Ashtabula River. Neither the intensity, nor the center, of the contamination was recognized in that study. In 1970, however, the state began to monitor the levels of Hg in the industrial effluent of the area. During a re-investigation of pollution at Ashtabula, 68 sediment samples were collected across an area of 90 km 2 in the late spring and early summer of 1982. The Hg that was released by heating the samples on a hot plate for one minute at 290°C was determined with a gold-film Hg detector. Mercury concentrations in the sediments had a median (background) value of 24.4 ppb and a mean content of 422 ppb, and exhibited a lognormal distribution that was bimodal. Three samples that ranged from 1550 to 20,600 ppb Hg are considered anomalous and come from the drainage of Fields Brook. Although no single industrial operation could be targeted as a source, high Hg levels apparently are due to the past accumulation of industrial waste. Mean Hg levels in the Ashtabula River samples from south and north of the junction with Fields Brook were 42.8 and 118.5 ppb Hg, respectively, indicating that contamination of the latter had occurred. The Lake Erie samples (mean ppb Hg) can be separated by the mouth of the Ashtabula River and the depth of the lake bottom as follows: west side (9.7), east side (59.8); and shoreline (15.8), nearshore (64.5). The six-fold increase on the eastern side of the harbor relative to the western side is believed to be due to the direction of the longshore currents which, in the Ashtabula area, run from southwest to northeast. The four-fold increase in Hg levels in nearshore sediments relative to those from the shoreline is due to preferential concentration in the finer size fraction. The Hg levels obtained for nearshore sediments just east of the Ashtabula River are six times higher than those reported earlier by the Geological Survey, suggesting that accumulation of Hg may have occurred.
Regulation of RNA synthesis in corpora lutea nuclei by luteinizing hormone and derivatives

Luteinizing hormone (lutropin) stimulates glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49) in isolated nuclei obtained from cow corpus luteum tissue. This increases the biosynthesis de novo of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides and their incorporation into RNA. RNA synthesis was measured after nuclei were incubated for 10 min in buffer media. Several reduction cleavage products and tryptic digests of lutropin inhibited the stimulatory effect of lutropin on RNA synthesis. A site of this inhibition was glucose-6-dehydrogenase.
The use and image of mature adults in health care advertising (1954-1989).

Health care professionals who treat older (over 65) patients are influenced by the journals they read. Advertising directed at health care professionals during the period 1954 to 1989 was subjected to a content analysis. Advertising in health care journals was expected to reflect the demographic changes in American society with increasing numbers of older models and to present positive images of older people. Contrary to content analyses of magazing cartoons (Smith 1979) and general readership magazines (Bramlett-Solomon and Wilson 1989; Gantz, Gartenberg, and Rainbow 1980; Ursic, Ursic, and Ursic 1986), this study did find a significant use of older people in health care advertising and positive role portrayal.
Estimation of single nucleotide polymorphism allele frequency in DNA pools by using Pyrosequencing.

Positional cloning of genes underlying complex diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), typically follows a two-tiered process in which a chromosomal region is first identified by genome-wide linkage scanning, followed by association analyses using densely spaced single nucleotide polymorphic markers to identify the causal variant(s). The success of genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection has resulted in a vast number of potential markers available for use in the construction of such dense SNP maps. However, the cost of genotyping large numbers of SNPs in appropriately sized samples is nearly prohibitive. We have explored pooled DNA genotyping as a means of identifying differences in allele frequency between pools of individuals with T2DM and unaffected controls by using Pyrosequencing technology. We found that allele frequencies in pooled DNA were strongly correlated with those in individuals (r=0.99, P<0.0001) across a wide range of allele frequencies (0.02–0.50). We further investigated the sensitivity of this method to detect allele frequency differences between contrived pools, also over a wide range of allele frequencies. We found that Pyrosequencing was able to detect an allele frequency difference of less than 2% between pools, indicating that this method may be sensitive enough for use in association studies involving complex diseases where a small difference in allele frequency between cases and controls is expected.
Traitements orthodontiques accélérés par piézocision : une alternative mini-invasive aux corticotomies alvéolaires

Avec un nombre croissant d’adultes se presentant en consultation orthodontique, la demande d’un traitement de courte duree revient de maniere recurrente de la part des patients. Afin de repondre a ces attentes, plusieurs techniques ortho-chirurgicales visant a accelerer les mouvements dentaires ont ete publiees mais se sont revelees relativement invasives. Nous introduisons ici une technique ortho-chirurgicale novatrice, minimalement invasive, sans lambeau muco-perioste, combinant micro-incisions, incisions corticales piezoelectriques et tunnelisation selective permettant des greffes osseuses et gingivales. En associant plan de traitement consciencieux et comprehension des phenomenes biologiques impliques, le metabolisme osseux alveolaire peut ainsi etre localement manipule par cette nouvelle technique afin d’obtenir des resultats orthodontiques stables et rapides. La piezocision permet la correction rapide de malocclusions severes sans presenter les inconvenients des approches chirurgicales extensives et traumatiques des corticotomies alveolaires classiques.
REGENERATION AND TRANSPLANTATION OF THE THYROID

The following study has been compiled from notes and material left by the late E. R. Hoskins. Most of the material used is from experiments made by him in the spring of 1919, at the University of Pittsburgh, but a few specimens from our earlier work on tadpoles have been used also. The experiments consist of two types of transplantation of the thyroid, and have been grouped together in the hope that they may throw somelight on the relation of this gland to metamorphosis. Some questions were raised by our earlier paper on thyroidectomy (1919), which we could not answer at that time. One was as to the effect of hyperplasia of the gland following incomplete extirpation. One of the tadpoles from that series of experiments metamorphosed at an early date, when it was only about half the size of a normal tadpole at its period of metamorphosis.
Optimal conditions for mutagenesis by N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in escherichia coli K12☆

Abstract N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG) induces at least one mutation per treated cell under conditions permitting over 50 per cent survival. The procedure for obtaining these results is to take logarithmic phase cells from either nutrient broth or minimal medium, wash them, and treat them with 100 μg of NTG per ml of buffer at pH 6.0 for 15 to 30 minutes. Prior to plating, the cells are again washed, and - if auxotrophs are sought - are diluted into nutrient broth and permitted to undergo two division cycles.With this procedure the yield of induced auxotrophs is 11 per cent; at 1000 pg NTG per ml the yield is over 40 per cent, but 95 per cent of the cells are killed.