cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Muscarinic receptor subtypes. Physiology and clinical implications.

CHOLINERGIC neurons affect tissues by releasing the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which stimulates acetylcholine receptors on the cell surface. These receptors are classified as nicotinic or musc...
Significance of Privacy and Security in ICT: A Case study using Secure Multi-Party Computation for Preserving Privacy

Privacy and Security are hot and complicated topics in the modern society within which we live. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have always been accompanied with security and privacy techniques. Security ensures protection of data of parties in the eco system from unauthorised access and privacy lets the information to be computed and transmitted such that it seems unintelligible to any unauthorised person. Traditionally, these goals have been achieved using private and public key cryptography. A novel scenario in which many parties want to jointly compute some function of their input data without disclosing this private data is considered by many researchers.
Taft substituent constants for arene chromium dicarbonyl phosphine and arsine derivatives

Abstract A series of biphenyl, meta- and para-fluorobiphenyl complexes of chromiumtricarbonyl, chromiumdicarbonyltriphenylphosphine and chromiumdicarbonyltriphenylarsine have been prepared and their spectral and physical properties recorded. Taft substituent constants have been calculated for the coordinated arenes and the consequences of substituting a Group V ligand for a carbonyl are discussed.
Overdrugging and undertreatment in primary health care

Numerous strategies can be used as substitutes for drug therapy. However, using alternative and nonpharmacologic treatments on a routine basis, role modeling, and saying "no" to the demand for drugs and to marketing pressures are primary approaches. Most importantly, provision of education, counseling, and support through HCPs or through appropriate referral is a mainstay of care.
Investigating Regular Sense Extensions based on Intersective Levin Classes

In this paper we specifically address questions of polysemy with respect to verbs, and how regular extensions of meaning can be achieved through the adjunction of particular syntactic phrases. We see verb classes as the key to making generalizations about regular extensions of meaning. Current approaches to English classification, Levin classes and WordNet, have limitations in their applicability that impede their utility as general classification schemes. We present a refinement of Levin classes, intersective sets, which are a more fine-grained classification and have more coherent sets of syntactic frames and associated semantic components. We have preliminary indications that the membership of our intersective sets will be more compatible with WordNet than the original Levin classes. We also have begun to examine related classes in Portuguese, and find that these verbs demonstrate similarly coherent syntactic and semantic properties.
Diagnosis of Primary Chronic Daily Headaches

Chronic daily headache (CDH) is a term of art meaning headaches present at least 15 days/month, at least 4 h/day untreated, present at least 3 months. CDH is generally primary, but many clinicians include Medication Overuse Headache (MOH) in the term. CDH is not a diagnosis in the International Classification of Headache Disorders. The four primary chronic daily headaches are: Chronic Tension-Type Headache (CTTH), Hemicrania Continua (HC), New Daily Persistent Headache (NDPH), and Chronic Migraine (CM). CTTH is a low level, featureless headache, almost never with impact. HC is a unilateral, mild to moderate headache with periodic severe exacerbations, accompanied by autonomic signs. HC is defined by its indomethacin responsiveness. NDPH is probably best diagnosed as abrupt onset primary CDH of any phenotype. Primary CM is a primary CDH in which a patient transforms from episodic migraine to CDH without secondary causes, thereby excluding medication overuse. MOH is not a primary CDH; it is characterized by overuse of enough acute medication to transform a patient to secondary CDH. The FDA defined “chronic migraine” as CDH, both primary and secondary.
Path loss estimation algorithms and results for RF sensor networks

A detailed and dynamic RF path loss map of a large wireless network is critical to applications such as power-efficient routing, unknown emitter locating, spectrum management, etc. With an RF sensor network, we can measure the path loss between sensors. Based on these path loss measurements, we can devise simple but robust and efficient algorithms to estimate the path loss between any sensor and any arbitrary point inside the network. The estimation accuracy of our algorithm is analyzed and quantified as a function of key model parameters, leading to estimates of required sensor density for different environments and accuracy requirements. The derived relationship between estimation accuracy and network coverage has implications for deployment of sensor networks.
Chromosomal abnormalities and dyserythropoiesis in the preleukaemic phase of Multiple myeloma

Summary. Two patients with multiple myeloma and one patient with a plasmacytoma are reported in whom acute leukaemia developed following long-term treatment with melphalan. Each patient had a complete remission of the plasma cell disorder during which time the bone marrow was moderately to severely hypplastic. The end of the clinical remission was heralded by a dyserythropoietic anaemia which persisted several months before the emergence of the terminal acute leukaemia. Marked chromosomal abnormalities were observed in marrow cells during the dyserythropoietic phase.
Temperature acclimation of respiration and photosynthesis in the brown alga Laminaria saccharina

Sporophytes of the brown algaLaminaria saccharina (L.) Lamour grown at 15°C contained significantly more chlorophylla (chla) than did similar plants grown at 5°C. The increase in chla in 15°C plants was due to increased numbers of photosystem II reaction centes, and possibly to increased photosynthetic unit size, compared with 5°C plants. These changes were associated with increasedα values (photosynthetic efficiencies) in 15°C-grownL. saccharina relative to 5°C-grown plants. The changes inα together with reduced respiration rates allowed 15°C-grownL. saccharina to achieve net photosynthesis and light-saturated photosynthesis at a lower photon fluence rate (PFR) than 5°C plants when both groups were assayed at the same temperature (15°C). The photon fluence rates necessary to reach the compensation point and achieve light-saturated photosynthesis (I c andI k , respectively) increased with increasing incubation temperature inL. saccharina grown at both 5 and 15°C. However, acclimation responses to growth temperature compensated for the short-term effect of temperature onI c andI k . Consequently, plants grown at 5 and 15°C were able to achieve similar rates of light-limited photosynthesis, and similarI c andI k values at their respective growth temperatures. These responses are undoubtedly important for perennial seaweeds such asL. saccharina, which frequently grow in light-limited habitats and experience pronounced seasonal changes in water temperature.
Soft Versus Hard Resting Hand Splints in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Pain Relief, Preference, and Compliance

Objectives This study compared soft versus hard resting hand splints on pain and hand function in 39 persons with rheumatoid arthritis. Splint preference was also evaluated to determine its effects on splint wear compliance. Method A repeated measures research design was used to compare the two experimental conditions, wearing a soft splint versus a hard splint on the dominant hand for 28 days at night only, and an unsplinted control period of 28 days. Results Arthritis pain was considerably less during both splinted periods when compared with the pretest. Subjects identified fewer joints as being painful during the soft splint condition than during the unsplinted condition. There were no significant differences among conditions on hand function measures. Splint preference was 57% for the soft splint, 33% for the hard splint, and 10% for no splint. Splint wear compliance was significantly better with the soft splint (82%) than with the hard splint (67%). Conclusion The findings indicate that resting hand splints are effective for pain relief and that persons with rheumatoid arthritis are more likely to prefer and comply with soft splint use for this purpose. Individualized splint prescription that focuses on client comfort and preference may enhance splint wear compliance.
Molecular mechanisms of dysautonomia during heart failure. Focus on “Heart failure-induced changes of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and cell excitability in rat cardiac postganglionic neurons”

heart failure is a progressive syndrome primarily defined by the inability of the ventricles to fill or eject blood properly. However, the etiology and progression of this disease involve multiple organs and systems. One of the key contributors to worsening of heart failure with left ventricular
Short-term effects on Artemia salina of aponin and Gomphosphaeria aponina in unialgal cultures and in mixed cultures with gymnodinium breve.

Previous investigations showed that the natural marine substance aponin, produced by the blue‐green alga Gomphosphaeria aponina, was cytolytic toward Florida's red tide organism, Gymnodinium breve. As part of a study of the aponin‐alga biological interactions, the effects of unialgal ( G. aponina) and mixed cultures ( G. aponina + G. breve) on the viability of Artemia salina were investigated. Two contrasting effects were observed in mixed cultures: survival of A. salina was promoted in low G. aponina populations, while enhanced toxicity of G. breve to A. salina occurred at higher culture populations. Unialgal G. aponina cultures exerted no adverse effects on A. salina. The apparent protective effect is thought to result from the observed change in G. breve morphology (motile to sessile); toxicity was the result of enhanced toxin release by cytolyzed G. breve cells. In dose‐response studies, aponin exhibited no adverse effect on A. salina at concentrations (1 unit) that were deleterious to G. breve. However, at higher applied levels (4‐6 units), mortality was substantial (> 70%) after 48 hr of incubation. Probit analysis yielded an apparent LD50 of 2.3 units, where 1 unit was that amount required to cytolyze 50% of the G. breve cells (2000 cells/ml) after 20 hr of incubation.
The missing pillars: a look at the failure of peace in Burundi through the lens of Arend Lijphart's theory of consociational democracy

The failure of a power-sharing attempt at peace in Burundi in 1993 led to the killing of hundreds of thousands of Burundians and played a significant role in feeding tensions leading up to the genocide in Rwanda in 1994, in which another 800,000 people lost their lives. A look at the specifics of this power-sharing arrangement in the framework of Arend Lijphart's theory of consociational democracy leads to some interesting conclusions and insights into why the effort at peace failed and how future efforts could be improved. The paper looks at the arrangement in terms of Lijphart's four main pillars for successful consociationalism in deeply divided states: a grand coalition, segmental autonomy, minority overrepresentation or parity, and a minority veto. The extent to which Lijphart's recommendations were implemented is assessed along with the impact of their presence or absence. The analysis leads to some important lessons and further questions which are of particular importance as Burundi heads into its latest attempt at a stable and peaceful society.
Intratumoral de novo steroid synthesis activates androgen receptor in castration-resistant prostate cancer and is upregulated by treatment with CYP17A1 inhibitors.

Relapse of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) that occurs after androgen deprivation therapy of primary prostate cancer can be mediated by reactivation of the androgen receptor (AR). One important mechanism mediating this AR reactivation is intratumoral conversion of the weak adrenal androgens DHEA and androstenedione into the AR ligands testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). DHEA and androstenedione are synthesized by the adrenals through the sequential actions of the cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP11A1 and CYP17A1, so that CYP17A1 inhibitors such as abiraterone are effective therapies for CRPC. However, the significance of intratumoral CYP17A1 and de novo androgen synthesis from cholesterol in CRPC, and the mechanisms contributing to CYP17A1 inhibitor resistance/relapse, remain to be determined. We report that AR activity in castration-resistant VCaP tumor xenografts can be restored through CYP17A1-dependent de novo androgen synthesis, and that abiraterone treatment of these xenografts imposes selective pressure for increased intratumoral expression of CYP17A1, thereby generating a mechanism for development of resistance to CYP17A1 inhibitors. Supporting the clinical relevance of this mechanism, we found that intratumoral expression of CYP17A1 was markedly increased in tumor biopsies from CRPC patients after CYP17A1 inhibitor therapy. We further show that CRPC cells expressing a progesterone responsive T877A mutant AR are not CYP17A1 dependent, but that AR activity in these cells is still steroid dependent and mediated by upstream CYP11A1 dependent intraturmoral pregnenolone/progesterone synthesis. Together, our results indicate that CRPCs resistant to CYP17A1 inhibition may remain steroid dependent and therefore responsive to therapies that can further suppress de novo intratumoral steroid synthesis.
A New Species of Anillinus Casey from the Oak Ridge Area West of the Appalachian Mountains in Tennessee (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae: Bembidiini)

ABSTRACT A new species of Anillinus Casey, 1918, is described from the Oak Ridge area, Roane County, Tennessee, in the eastern United States. Based on the presence of two patches with effaced microsculpture on the vertex, Anillinus inexpectatus, new species, belongs to the Anillinus loweae-group of species. Within this group, a patch of long setae on the ventral margin of the median lobe of the aedeagus places the new species close to Anillinus steevesi Barr, 1996. Modifications to a previous key for the A. loweae-group species are provided for identification of the new species, and zoogeographical considerations and biogeographical barriers for the A. loweae-group species are discussed.
Heavy doping and band engineering by potassium to improve the thermoelectric figure of merit in p-type PbTe, PbSe, and PbTe(1-y)Se(y).

We present detailed studies of potassium doping in PbTe1–ySey (y = 0, 0.15, 0.25, 0.75, 0.85, 0.95, and 1). It was found that Se increases the doping concentration of K in PbTe as a result of the balance of electronegativity and also lowers the lattice thermal conductivity because of the increased number of point defects. Tuning the composition and carrier concentration to increase the density of states around the Fermi level results in higher Seebeck coefficients for the two valence bands of PbTe1–ySey. Peak thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) values of ∼1.6 and ∼1.7 were obtained for Te-rich K0.02Pb0.98Te0.75Se0.25 at 773 K and Se-rich K0.02Pb0.98Te0.15Se0.85 at 873 K, respectively. However, the average ZT was higher in Te-rich compositions than in Se-rich compositions, with the best found in K0.02Pb0.98Te0.75Se0.25. Such a result is due to the improved electron transport afforded by heavy K doping with the assistance of Se.
Intrauterine device practice guidelines: medical conditions.

Contraception selection poses special challenges to women with pre-existing medical problems and clinicians often lack the knowledge to counsel these women. The IUD represents an excellent option for many US women with medical problems. Because IUDs have no direct systemic effects other than increasing circulating immunoglobulins and possibly copper ions they are unlikely to affect a womans underlying disease process or to interact with medications used in disease treatment. Currently available IUDs may be appropriate for women with cardiovascular disease diabetes mellitus with vascular disease hematologic disorders neurologic conditions and psychiatric disorders. Other candidates for IUD use include women with a history of breast cancer or other hormone-sensitive cancers active liver disease hypertriglyceridemia a sensitivity to hormonal contraception and smokers over 40 years old. IUDs are contraindicated in women with diseases that increase their vulnerability to infection (e.g. AIDS leukemia and intravenous drug abuse) diseases or medications that produce profuse uterine bleeding and conditions that distort the uterine cavity. Given the deleterious impact of unintended pregnancy on the clinical course of many diseases information on contraception for women with pre-existing medical conditions should be more broadly disseminated among clinicians.
LPA Stimulates the Phosphorylation of p130Cas via Gαi2 in Ovarian Cancer Cells

Ovarian cancer is the most deadly gynecological cancer, with previous studies implicating lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in the progression of approximately 90% of all ovarian cancers. LPA potently stimulates the tyrosine phosphorylation of p130Cas, a scaffolding protein, which, upon phosphorylation, recruits an array of signaling molecules to promote tumor cell migration. Our work presented here identifies Gα i2 as the major G protein involved in tyrosine phosphorylation of p130Cas in a panel of ovarian cancer cells consisting of HeyA8, SKOV3, and OVCA429. Our results also indicate that the G12 family of G proteins that are also involved in LPA-mediated migration inhibits tyrosine phosphorylation of p130Cas. Using p130Cas siRNA, we demonstrate that p130Cas is a necessary downstream component of LPA Gα i2 –induced migration and collagen-1 invasion of ovarian cancer cells. Considering the fact that LPA stimulates invasive migration through the coordination of multiple downstream signaling pathways, our current study identifies a separate unique signaling node involving p130Cas and Gα i2 in mediating LPA-mediated invasive migration of ovarian cancer cells.
The Genesis and Structure of the International Council on Archives: An American View

In his presidential address to the Society of American Archivists in October 1946, the second Archivist of the United States, Solon J. Buck, proposed establishment of an international organization of archivists dedicated to preservation and use of archives worldwide, suggested its character, and outlined steps for its creation.1 Although this was not a new idea, Buck provided effective new leadership at a time of intense American interest in international concerns. The National Archives had been heavily involved in the protection of archives overseas during World War II, and plans were going forward for establishment of an archives for the new
Molecular Modeling of Sulfoxaflor and Neonicotinoid Binding in Insect Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors: Impact of the Myzus β1 R81T Mutation

Background Sulfoxaflor (Isoclast™ active), a new sulfoximine-class insecticide, targets sap-feeding insect pests, including those resistant to neonicotinoids. Sulfoxaflor acts on the insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) in a distinct manner relative to neonicotinoids. Unlike any of the neonicotinoids, sulfoxaflor has four stereoisomers. A homology model of Myzus persicae (green peach aphid) based on the ACh binding protein from Aplysia californica, overlaid with M. persicae nAChR sequence (α2 and β1 subunits) was used to investigate the interactions of the sulfoxaflor stereoisomers with WT and R81T versions of the nAChR. Results Whole-molecule van der Waals interactions are highly correlated with the binding affinity for the neonicotinoids and correctly predict the rank order of binding affinity for neonicotinoids and sulfoxaflor. The R81T mutation in M. persicae nAChR is predicted to have much less effect on binding of sulfoxaflor's stereoisomers than that of the neonicotinoids. Conclusion All four stereoisomers predictably contribute to the activity of sulfoxaflor. The WT and R81T nAChR homology models suggest that changes in a whole-molecule electrostatic energy component can potentially explain the effects of this target-site mutation on the pattern of reduced efficacy for the modeled neonicotinoids, and provide a basis for the reduced effect of this mutation on sulfoxaflor. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
The duo-gland adhesive system of the archiannelids Protodrilus and Saccocirrus and the turbellarian Monocelis

The duo-gland adhesive systems in three archiannelids(Protodrilus sp.,Saccocirrus sonomacus andS. eroticus) and one turbellarian(Monocelis cincta) were studied by scanning and transmission electron microscopy.Protodrilus attaches to the substrate by the posterior margin of its bilobed and dorso-ventrally flattened pygidium.Saccocirrus also adheres by a bilobed pygidium, but each lobe is ovoid in transverse section, and its median-ventral surface is divided into numerous ridges. Adhesive glands open along the crest of each ridge.Saccocirrus also adheres along bands of adhesive structures that encircle each body segment.Monocelis attaches to the substrate by a crescent shaped area at the posterior margin of the ventral surface. Although the external morphology of the adhesive area is different in each species examined, the basic cellular organization is similar. The adhesive areas contain two types of glands named viscid and releasing. The viscid glands produce granules (0.8–2.0 μm long) that are thought to contain the adhesive that binds the worm to surfaces. The releasing glands secrete granules (0.15–0.2 μm in diameter) that are believed to break the attachment. The releasing granules are identical to those described in other species, whereas the viscid granules have a variety of complex substructures unlike any described previously. The possible homology of the adhesive systems in the archiannelids and those in other taxa with duo-glands is discussed.
The Educated Citizen and Global Public-Health Issues: One Model for Integration into the Undergraduate Curriculum

The Educated Citizen Initiative proposes that an understanding of public-health issues is a core component of an educated citizenry and is essential to develop one's societal responsibility. This initiative supports the Institute of Medicine's recommendation that "all undergraduates should have access to education in public health." Furthermore, the Liberal Education and America's Promise (LEAP) framework developed by the Association of American Colleges and Universities supports the "integration of public-health education into general and liberal education with an aim to produce an educated citizenry." The LEAP framework is implemented by teaching about the role of social determinants in a population's health status; the significance of personal and social responsibility; and providing skills for inquiry, critical thinking, problem solving, and evaluation. This article describes one university's experience in generating an educated citizenry cognizant of comprehensive public-health conflicts, thus contributing to both a local and global perspective on learning.
Relative Retention Ratios of 38 Chlorinated Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls on Five Gas—Liquid Chromatographic Columns

Separation efficace de melanges de residus de pesticides et de biphenyles polychlores en utilisant des colonnes capillaires a large canal. Presentation des temps de retention pour 38 pesticides couramment analyses et pour deux biphenyles polychores (Aroclor 1254 et 1260)
Molecular evidence for homoploid reticulate evolution among Australian species of Gossypium.

Interspecific hybridization and introgression are important evolutionary processes in plants, but their full significance with respect to speciation at the diploid level remains unresolved. In this study, molecular markers from the plastid and nuclear genomes were used to document an unusual evolutionary history of Gossypium bickii Prokh. (Malvaceae). This species is one of three morphologically similar Australian cottons (along with G. austrate F. Muell. and G. nelsonii Fryx.) in section Hibiscoidea. In contrast to expectations based on previous morphological data, cladistic analysis of maternally inherited cpDNA restriction site mutations unites G. bickii with G. sturtianum J. H. Willis, a morphologically distant species in a different taxonomic section (Sturtia). Few restriction site mutations distinguish the plastomes of G. bickii and G. sturtianum, but these two cpDNAs are differentiated from those of G. australe and G. nelsonii by a minimum of 33 mutations (out of 640 sites scored). These two highly distinct clades are not supported by phylogenetic analyses of allozyme markers (from 58 populations) and restriction site mutations in nuclear ribosomal DNAs. Rather, phylogenies based on 83 nuclear markers indicate that G. bickii shares a more recent common ancestor with G. australe and G. nelsonii than it does with G. sturtianum. We suggest that the striking discrepancy between independent molecular phylogenies from two different genomes indicates a biphyletic ancestry of G. bickii. Our preferred hypothesis involves an ancient hybridization, in which G. sturtianum, or a similar species, served as the maternal parent with a paternal donor from the lineage leading to G. australe and G. nelsonii. Because we detected no G. sturtianum nuclear genes in G. bickii, we suggest that the nuclear genomic contribution of the maternal parent was subsequently eliminated from the hybrid or its descendent maternal lineage. Several possible mechanisms of cytoplasm transfer are suggested, including repeated backcrossing of the hybrid, as female, into the paternal donor lineage, selection against recombinant nuclear genomes and a form of apomixis known as semigamy. This example, and several others in Gossypium as well as other genera, attest to the evolutionary possibility of interspecific cytoplasmic transfer, and perhaps the origin of diploid species via reticulate speciation. In addition, this study offers an example of natural cytoplasmic introgression without long-term survival of nuclear genes from the maternal progenitor.
Put on Your Game Face: Designing the Researcher Presence In immersive Digital Environments

Researchers’ appearance and behavior may influence study participants’ thoughts, feelings, and behaviors during in-person data collection. However, investigators in online settings can manage this influence by leveraging platform affordances to craft purposeful, scripted presences. We argue for a revisioning of approaches to researcher presence in immersive digital environments. In particular, we draw on the metaphor of a video game non-player character (NPC) to position researchers as characters embedded in study narratives. The researcher-as-NPC is designed by purposefully selecting visual, verbal, and behavioral features in relation to the norms and requirements of both the research and the immersive digital environment. This balance allows an avatar to function as a more transparent research tool and as a character within both the research and world narratives, rather than as a mere extension of researcher agency. We offer two case studies – one in an open digital world of Second Life and one in a structured online game World of Warcraft – to illustrate how this framework can contribute to effective parameters for participant interaction that minimize potential threats to validity and advance specific research objectives.
Development of a Core Collection for Jiangxi Traditional Rice Germplasm by SSR Markers

A total of 3187 traditional rice germplasm were studied to develop a core collection for Jiangxi traditional rice germplasm.The germplasm were classified to different team using five qualitative characters Indica/Japonica,early/middle/late season rice,waxy/non-waxy,the color of brown rice and grain shape.Each team was classfied to sub-team by eight rice plant region.Genetic diversity and clusing analysis of the team and sub-team was reseached by SSR masrkers.A core collection bank including 296 germplasm were constructed,which accounted for 9.28% of total germplasm.
Forecast Uncertainty Dynamics in the THORPEX Interactive Grand Global Ensemble (TIGGE)

AbstractThis paper employs local linear, spatial spectral, and Lorenz curve–based diagnostics to investigate the dynamics of uncertainty in global numerical weather forecasts in the NH extratropics. The diagnostics are applied to ensembles in the THORPEX Interactive Grand Global Ensemble (TIGGE). The initial growth of uncertainty is found to be the fastest at the synoptic scales (zonal wavenumbers 7–9) most sensitive to baroclinic instability. At later forecast times, the saturation of uncertainties at the synoptic scales and the longer sustainable growth of uncertainty at the large scales lead to a gradual shift of the wavenumber of the dominant uncertainty toward zonal wavenumber 5. At the subsynoptic scales, errors saturate as predicted by Lorenz’s classic theory. While the ensembles capture the general characteristics of the uncertainty dynamics efficiently, there are locations where the predicted magnitude and structure of uncertainty have considerable time-mean errors. In addition, the magnitude of ...
The durative efficacy of the auto-fly-capturer in mimic site

Objective To study the durative efficacy of the auto-fly-capturer.Methods Mimic sites experiment.Results The rate of catching fly were 92.1%,54.6% and 19.3% in 2 hours when the auto-fly-capturer were used for 0,10 and 20 days.It was clear that the rates of catching fly had distinct difference by Kruskal-Wallis and verified after the auto-fly-capture operating for 0,10,20d.Conclusion The auto-fly-capturer had the efficacy of catching fly,but the efficacy was down when the apparatus used some times.
Cliticization and Old Chinese word order

This paper addresses the controversial question of whether Old Chinese was an OV or VO language. Evidence frequently cited for the OV analysis is the fact that objects sometimes surface in preverbal position. In this paper, I argue that basic word order in Old Chinese was uniformly VO. Preverbal objects achieved their position via movement. This is unsurprising, given that preverbal objects were typically wh-words and pronominal clitics. The primary evidence for the movement analysis, however, comes from the demonstration that it accounts for constraints on pronoun positioning which would be mysterious on a base-generation approach.
Futures Past: Books, Reading, Culture in the Age of Liberalization

A mutual wariness exists between book historians and literary scholars, between those who study the production, circulation, and consumption of texts, broadly conceived, and those who study the content of some carefully chosen texts, narrowly conceived. Book history and literary study remain two robust fields separated by a common research agenda, with many literary scholars unwilling to embrace the empirical methods of book history and its pursuit of exploring context over text. The few scholars who have stepped across the great divide often find themselves at the vanguard of literary and cultural studies, discovering in the methods of the Great Satan approaches that have helped revise many cherished chestnuts on gender (Tuchman, M. Cohen), class (Rose), nation (St Clair), empire (Joshi), and social formation.1 This essay draws upon a series of research vignettes in order to reflect upon the contributions book history continues to make to more traditional literary study, by introducing new vistas that open the practice of close reading so cherished in the Anglophone literary academy.
Evaluation of multi-functional iron-based carrier from bauxite residual for H2-rich syngas production via chemical-looping gasification

Abstract Solid-fueled chemical-looping gasification (SF-CLG) is a chemical looping technology integrated with gasification for poly-generation, i.e. syngas and power production. This flexible platform could avoid costly air separation unit, providing low cost H 2 -rich syngas for the production of fuel chemicals, ammonia, methanol, etc. One key to successful SF-CLG is the development of a multi-functional cyclic solid material that can be treated in large quantities. The solid circulating between the two reactors is the means for oxygen, heat, and catalyst transport. This study demonstrates a cost-effective oxygen carrier (OC) developed from Bauxite residual of alumina industry, containing sufficient active content, multi-supporting materials, and promoter. It is proposed to be a cyclic material to transport oxygen and heat from the air reactor to gasifier to promote gasification, and in its reduced form to catalyze internal syngas reforming. The catalytic functions of this OC for char gasification and syngas reforming were validated. Syngas composition and yield, gasification rate, and OC behavior were investigated at different fuel/OC ratio, and by successive redox cycle in a fluidized bed reactor. The compatibility of new composite materials with the proposed auto-thermal SF-CLG was confirmed based on thermodynamics and the material's physical and chemical properties.
SEAFLOOR STABILITY IN CENTRAL LONG ISLAND SOUND: Part II. Biological Interactions And Their Potential Importance for Seafloor Erodibility

: Temporal variation in the stability of the seafloor in central Long Island Sound can be qualitatively related to changes in water temperature, sediment surface organic content, sediment surface water content, and numbers of micro-, meio-, and macrofauna. Control of temporal changes in stability appears to result from biological processes which influence sediment stabilization and sediment destabilization. At station NWC, which is below photosynthetic compensation depth, polysaccharides produced by heterotrophic microorganisms bind the sediment. The reworking activities of meio- and macrofauna break up the bound layer of organic-mineral aggregates and cause destabilization of the sediment surface. The stabilization process probably reflects the combined effects of chemical, physical, and biological changes on the formation, stability, and decomposition of polysaccharides in the sediment. We propose that the binding potential of microbially produced polysaccharides is always present. Mucopolysaccharides produced by some meio- and macrobenthos may also be important to the binding process. Although rates of sediment reworking depend on the number of bioturbating macro- and meiofauna and temperature-related seasonal variations in activity, the processes which result in destabilization cannot be adequately explained by these two factors alone. Changes in metabolic activity of all size groups of organisms are related to temperature, but there appears to be a phase lag between temperature, input of organic matter, sediment binding, and bioturbation of the sediment by the benthos. Seasonal changes in biological activities and interactions may contribute to the temporal variations in seafloor stability through their influence on the chemistry of binding as well as the physical characteristics of the sediments. Changes in turbidity levels in the water overlying the bottom resulting from a cycle in seafloor stability may affect the seasonal compensation depth for planktic and benthic plants and probably controls the recruitment success of some groups of benthic larvae.
Communication Infrastructure for Dynamic Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicles

Limited energy storage capacity of state-of-the- art chemical batteries is the main obstacle toward wider acceptance of Electric Vehicles (EVs). Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer (DWPT) offers a solution for this problem by allowing EV batteries to be recharged while the vehicle is traveling on the road. A multi-pad dynamic charging system for the recharging of an electric bus that has been recently demonstrated at Utah State University represents one of the first demonstrations of the dynamic charging concept based on a lumped-coil structure. Considering limited time the charging unit has available to deliver power to a moving vehicle, a fast, accurate, and reliable communication network between the vehicle, the roadside charging controller, and the central monitoring unit is of immense importance. In this paper, a novel structure of communication network for a DWPT system is proposed and discussed. The design process, implementation, and demonstration of a small segment of that communication network are presented. Two implementations are discussed, one based on WiFi technology and the other on Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) technology.
The influence of level of spinal cord injury on adipose tissue and its relationship to inflammatory adipokines and cardiometabolic profiles

Objective: Level of injury (LOI) and the role of adipose tissue and its proinflammatory adipokines in cardiometabolic dysfunction following spinal cord injury (SCI) remains poorly understood. We aim to examine the influence of LOI on adipose tissue and its relationship to proinflammatory adipokines and cardiometabolic profiles following SCI.Design: Cross sectional and correlational study.Setting: Clinical hospital and academic setting.Participants: Forty-seven individuals with chronic motor complete SCI (age 43.8±11.5 y, BMI: 27.3±5.3) were classified as having tetraplegia (TSCI; n=12) or paraplegia (PSCI; n=35).Intervention: Non applicable.Outcome Measures: Visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue volumes were measured using magnetic resonance imaging. Proinflammatory adipokines (tumor neurosis factor-α, interleukin-6 (IL-6), plasminogen activatable inhibitor-1, thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor, and high-sensitivity c-reactive protein) and cardiovascular, carbohydrate, and lipid pr...
Primary arthroplasty in healed osteoarticular allograft in patients with history of primary femoral bone tumors

Abstract Background Roughly 25–35% of patients who are treated with osteoarticular allograft for primary bone sarcomas or aggressive benign bone tumors require surgery in the long-term due to degenerative changes of the articular surface of the allograft. There are three established methods of reconstruction for this complication; a total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in the retained osteoarticular allograft, a proximal or distal endoprosthesis after removal of the allograft, and an allograft-prosthesis composite (APC). The aims of this study are 1) to determine the rate of complication and failure of THA/TKA in healed femoral allograft; 2) to compare the methods of revision for allograft degeneration; and 3) to compare the use of arthroplasty in healed allograft to that of arthroplasty in native bone. Methods We included all patients with primary bone sarcomas and locally aggressive primary benign bone tumors treated between 1984 and 2014 with an osteoarticular allograft followed by any subsequent arthroplasty technique as described above. Complications and reasons for failure are described following the classification of Henderson et al. Failure was defined as any complication leading to removal of the initial treatment construct. Failure rates of these groups were compared to primary arthroplasty in a live host bone (Control Group). Results Complications happened in 25 (61.0%) of the patients with a THA/TKA in the retained allograft, of these, 24 (58.5%) experienced failure, the most common being structural failure/type III (14, 58.3%). Thirteen patients (81.3%) with an endoprosthesis after removal of the allograft experienced complications, all of whom failed. The most common failure modes were aseptic loosening/type II (4, 30.8%) and infection/type IV (5, 38.5%). Complications in patients with an APC were experienced by 12 (85.7%) patients, 11 (78.6%) of whom failed. The most common failure mode was infection/type IV (4, 36.4%). Significantly (p Conclusions We found no significant difference in the outcome of treating patients with allograft and subsequent degenerative bone disease with a THA/TKA in a retained allograft, an endoprosthesis after removal of the allograft, or a primary APC, although infection is a significantly greater cause of failure in the latter two. Primary arthroplasty in healed allografts is a less extensive surgery than removing the allograft and shows comparable complication and failure rates. Level of evidence Level III, Therapeutic Study.
A Novel Approach to Oropharyngeal Foreign Body Removal

Grill wire brush bristle foreign bodies most commonly embed in the oropharynx. Often these bristles can be removed in the clinic; however, on occasion, the patient requires general anesthesia for retrieval because of the gag reflex and difficulty with access and visualization. We report here on 2 cases of patients who underwent successful transoral robotic surgical retrieval of wire bristles from the base of tongue after unsuccessful direct laryngoscopy. Otolaryngologists should be aware of the use of robotic assistance for oropharyngeal foreign body retrieval.
Abstract WP259: Simulation Based Medical Education in Interprofessional Education: Acute Stroke Management Model

Introduction: Simulation-based medical education (SBME) is an established tool for training and certifying providers for critical situations such as ACLS. Team Strategies and Tools to Enhance Perfo...
The Redistricting Discovery Project: Automated, Non-Partisan Generation of Redistricting Maps to Assist Public Deliberation

The purpose of the Redistricting Discovery project is to facilitate public deliberation on legislative redistricting. The specific and distinctive aspect of the project is to do this by: (i) Generating and making public multiple redistricting plans, and (ii) Providing data and software for evaluating and comparing different plans, especially with regard to socially important attributes such as voting efficiency and cohesion of communities of interest and to expose partisan and commercial advantages.
NeuroSim+: An integrated device-to-algorithm framework for benchmarking synaptic devices and array architectures

NeuroSim+ is an integrated simulation framework for benchmarking synaptic devices and array architectures in terms of the system-level learning accuracy and hardware performance metrics. It has a hierarchical organization from the device level (transistor technology and memory cell models) to the circuit level (synaptic array architectures and neuron periphery) and then to the algorithm level (neural network topologies). In this work, we study the impact of the “analog” eNVM non-ideal device properties and benchmark the trade-offs of SRAM, digital and analog eNVM based array architectures for online learning and offline classification. The source code of NeuroSim+ version 1.0 is publicly available at https ://github. co m/neuro sim/MLP Neuro Sim.
Watching TV After the Wall Came Down

On November 9, 1989, NBC’s Tom Brokaw reported from the Brandenburg Gate as the Berlin Wall opened. As the only network in position for those momentous events, it was a big Thursday night for NBC. Then again, thanks to Cheers and The Cosby Show, Thursday was a big night for NBC throughout most of the eighties. In the coming years, Seinfeld, Friends, and ER would help NBC continue its ratings dominance on Thursday nights, though only for another decade. This chapter recalls what watching television was like in America at the end of the twentieth century, before the continued rise of cable, the emergence of the Internet, and the development of other industry-changing technologies ended the ratings dominance of the broadcast networks.
Non-Steroidal Antiinflammatory Drug Gastroenteropathy

Several drug classes display analgesic, antipyretic, and antiinflammatory activities. Termed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), they differ from glucocorticoids, non-narcotic analgesics, …
Advanced processing techniques for composite materials for structural applications

Abstract: Modern structural applications of composite materials are dictated by the processing methods available. In this chapter, we introduce recent developments related to the manufacturing of composites in civil engineering applications using vacuum assisted resin transfer molding, pultrusion, and automated fiber placement.
Housing Preservation as a Means Toward Social Justice

I am thrilled to write about these two excellent articles on housing preservation, as the topic tends to receive less attention in both housing research and housing policy agendas that prioritize p...
10. Bio-inspired cryoprotectants and microfluidics for cryopreservation

Cryopreservation of living cells, tissue, and organs has the potential to create a great impact on modern regenerative, transfusion, transplantation, and reproductive medicine. For instance, we have reported the preservation of human red blood cell morphology, mechanics, and function following vitrification in nanoliter volumes using an innovative cryo-printing approach that integrates naturally occurring cryo-inks, including ectoine and trehalose solutions. Further, we have demonstrated the feasibility of using a microfluidic chip system with continuous flow for the differentiation and extended culture of functional steroidogenic stem cell-derived embryonic bodies (EBs), the differentiation of EBs into cells expressing ovarian antigens in a microfluidic system, and the ability to cryopreserve this system with restoration of growth and functionality post freezing and thawing. These results present a platform for the development of a new therapeutic system for personalized medicine.