cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Practice corner: using clinical prediction rules

On inpatient teaching rounds, we recently discussed the admission of a 45 year old woman with chest pain. This patient presented to the emergency department after an episode of chest pain lasting approximately 30 minutes. The pain was pleuritic in nature, located on the right side of her chest, and was associated with shortness of breath. The patient reported no palpitations, diaphoresis, nausea, or vomiting. She had no relevant medical history, was taking oral contraceptives, and had no family history of cardiac or thromboembolic disease. Her vital signs, including oxygen saturation, were normal, as were the physical examination results. The working diagnosis was pulmonary embolus (PE), and she was started on intravenous heparin and scheduled for a ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan to be done within the next half hour. After interviewing the patient with a team (2 residents, 3 interns, and 2 medical students) and reviewing the data, I asked the team to individually record their best estimate of the probability that this patient had PE. At first, the team was reluctant, in particular the third year residents, but with encouragement all members of the team scribbled down their best estimate. The probabilities were reviewed and were found to range from 5% to 80%. The importance of accurately determining the pre-test probability of disease is highlighted in figure 1. For our patient, resident 1 estimated the patient’s pre-test probability of PE …
Battery Health Diagnostics Using Retrospective-Cost Subsystem Identification: Sensitivity to Noise and Initialization Errors

Health management of Li-ion batteries requires knowledge of certain battery internal dynamics (e.g., lithium consumption and film growth at the solid-electrolyte interface) whose inputs and outputs are not directly measurable with noninvasive methods. Therefore, identification of those dynamics can be classified as an inaccessible subsystem identification problem. To address this problem, the retrospective-cost subsystem identification (RCSI) method is adopted in this paper. Specifically, a simulation-based study is presented that represents the battery using an electrochemistry-based battery charge/discharge model of Doyle, Fuller, and Newman augmented with a battery-health model by Ramadass. The solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film growth portion of the battery-health model is defined as the inaccessible subsystem to be identified using RCSI. First, it is verified that RCSI with a first-order subsystem structure can accurately estimate the film growth when noise or modeling errors are ignored. Parameter convergence issues are highlighted. Second, allowable input and output noise levels for desirable film growth tracking performance are determined by studying the relationship between voltage change and film growth in the truth model. The performance of RCSI with measurement noise is illustrated. The results show that RCSI can identify the film growth within 1.5% when the output measurement noise level is comparable
Genetic Evidence for the Existence of Subgroups of the Schizophrenic Syndrome

Evidence for the existence of a genetic factor in the etiology of a significant proportion of the people diagnosed as having a schizophrenic disorder is reviewed. It is suggested that whatever is transmitted genetically need not be inherently pathologic and/or pathogenic. It is argued that only people who have certain trait expressions or phenotypes are capable of a schizophrenic decompensation but that these phenotypes, while genetically loaded, are not necessarily pathogenic. An effort is made to show that even those cases in whom genetic factors operate are not homogeneous but represent separate subgroups which differ in their etiopathogenesis. This etiologic heterogeneity, in the development of a characteristic necessary but not sufficient for a schizophrenic decompensation, will almost certainly be associated with differences in the clinical course of the disorder.
Exploiting the JPEG compression scheme for image retrieval

We address the problem of retrieving images from a large database using an image as a query. The method is specifically aimed at databases that store images in JPEG format, and works in the compressed domain to create index keys. A key is generated for each image in the database and is matched with the key generated for the query image. The keys are independent of the size of the image. Images that have similar keys are assumed to be similar, but there is no semantic meaning to the similarity.
Establishing the Internet in Costa Rica: Co-optation and the Closure of Technological Controversies

Research in science and technology studies has devoted significant attention to technological controversies and the mechanisms that actors employ to resolve them. This article contributes to this literature by developing the notion of co-optation as a dynamic of closure. Co-optation is conceptualized as the incorporation of an actor or group into the organizational structure of another group in order to avert threat or adapt to a context of change. Drawing on the history of the Internet in Costa Rica from 1990 to 2005, this study examines a controversy between two distinct models for the development of computing networks in this country: the academic, sociotechnical network and the state-sponsored, commercial project. The analysis shows that the dispute between these groups ended when the Costa Rican government co-opted leading figures of the academic network into its structure. The notion of co-optation helps us theorize shifts in the configuration of relations between groups that lead to the partial res...
Seeking Wild Eyre: Landscape and the Environment in Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre // En busca de la salvaje Eyre: paisaje y medioambiente en Jane Eyre de Charlotte Brönte

Applying techniques from the growing field of ecocriticism, this article uses Jane Eyre to explore a growing environmental awareness among middle-class Victorians and demonstrate how their need to preserve a “wild” or “natural” landscape coincides with ideas of liberty and freedom prevalent in the novel. By looking at Jane’s changing interactions with and interpretations of the natural world, we can gain a better understanding of the value and interpretation of landscape to the Victorians. In Jane Eyre , Jane’s journeys continually lead her to finding a way to balance her human wants and needs with the “wildness” of the natural world. Resumen Aplicando tecnicas del creciente campo de la ecocritica, este articulo utiliza Jane Eyre para explorar una conciencia ambiental cada vez mayor entre los victorianos de clase media y demostrar como su necesidad de preservar un paisaje "salvaje" o "natural" coincide con las ideas de libertad en la novela. Al observar las interacciones cambiantes de Jane con el mundo natural y sus interacciones con este, podemos comprender mejor el valor del paisaje y como se interpretaba en la epoca victoriana. En Jane Eyre , los viajes de Jane continuamente la llevan a encontrar una manera de equilibrar sus deseos y necesidades humanos con el "salvajismo" del mundo natural. Normal 0 21 false false false ES X-NONE X-NONE
Machine learning for efficient neighbor selection in unstructured P2P networks

Self-reorganization offers the promise of improved performance, scalability and resilience in Peer-to-Peer (P2P) overlays. In practice however, the benefit of reorganization is often lower than the cost incurred in probing and adapting the overlay. We employ machine learning feature selection in a novel manner: to reduce communication cost thereby providing the basis of an efficient neighbor selection scheme for P2P overlays. In addition, our method enables nodes to locate and attach to peers that are likely to answer future queries with no a priori knowledge of the queries. We evaluate our neighbor classifier against live data from the Gnutella unstructured P2P network. We find Support Vector Machines with forward fitting predict suitable neighbors for future queries with over 90% accuracy while requiring minimal (<2% of the features) knowledge of the peer's files or type. By providing a means to effectively and efficiently select neighbors in a self-reorganizing overlay, this work serves as a step forward in bringing such architectures to real-world fruition.
Yield Curve Basics

This technical note discusses risk and term premiums, prominent theories of the yield curve, and how to construct a yield curve.
Alternative Conceptions in Sexually Transmitted Diseases: A Cross-Age Study

Within the framework of research on alternative scientific conceptions, this study explored and documented frequencies of common knowledge errors about AIDS, genital herpes, gonorrhea, and syphilis...
Potential Energy Surfaces of SimOn Cluster Formation and Isomerization

The reaction paths for formation and isomerization of a set of silica Si m O n (m = 2,3, n = 1-5) nanoclusters have been investigated using second-order pertubation theory (MP2) with the 6-31G(d) basis set. The MP2/ 6-31G(d) calculations have predicted singlet ground states for all clusters excluding Si 3 O 2 . The total energies of the most important points on the potential energy surfaces (PES) have been determined using the completely renormalized (CR) singles and doubles coupled cluster method including perturbative triples, CR-CCSD(T) with the cc-pVTZ basis set. Although transition states have been located for many isomerization reactions, only for Si 3 O 3 and Si 3 O 4 have some transition states been found for the formation of a cluster from the separated reactants. In all other cases, the process of formation of Si m O n clusters appears to proceed without potential energy barriers.
ANGIOPOIETIN-2 MEDIATES ABNORMAL ANGIOGENESIS AND NON-SURGICAL BLEEDING IN PATIENTS WITH CONTINUOUS-FLOW LEFT VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICES

Non-surgical bleeding (NSB) is the most common adverse event in patients with Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVADs) and is attributed to the development of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) a process which may reflect altered angiogenesis. Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) is a potent
New Functional Aspects of the Extracellular Calcium-Sensing Receptor

Purpose of review Variations in extracellular calcium level have a large impact on kidney function. Most of the effects seen are attributed to the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), a widely expressed G-protein-coupled cell surface protein with an important function in bone mineral homeostasis. The purpose of this review is to recapitulate the novel functional aspects of CaSR. Recent findings Results from mouse models demonstrate important functions for CaSR in various tissues. In the kidney, the main role of CaSR is the regulation of calcium reabsorption in the thick ascending limb, independently of its role on parathyroid hormone secretion. CaSR modulates claudin 14, the gatekeeper of paracellular ion transport in the thick ascending limb that is associated with urinary calcium excretion. One intracellular signaling pathway by which CaSR alters tight junction permeability is the calcineurin-NFAT1c-microRNA-claudin14 axis. Summary The main function of CaSR in the kidney is the regulation of calcium excretion in the thick ascending limb, independently of parathyroid hormone. CaSR modulates paracellular cation transport by altering expression of the tight junction protein claudin 14. Still more work is needed to fully understand all functions of CaSR in the kidney. Alternative pathways of calcium ‘sensing’ in the kidney need to be investigated.
Synthesis,crystal structure and antibacterial activity of the di-n-butyltin di-2-(2-methoxy-4-formylphenoxy)acetic ester

The complex di-n-butyltin di-2-(2-methoxy-4-formylphenoxy)acetic ester(1) was synthesized by the reactions of di-n-butyl tin oxide with 2-(2-methoxy-4-formylphenoxy)acetic acid and azeotropic removal of water with benzene.The compound(1) was characterized by elemental analysis,1H NMR,FT-IR spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.The crystal belongs to space group Pī,the cell parameter are:a=1.403 92(12) nm,b=1.694 09(15) nm,c=2.000 93(18) nm,α=112.527 0(10)°,β=96.879(2)°,γ=100.041(2)°,Z=2.The Sn atoms are considered as five-coordinate and exist as distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry in a one-dimensional chain.The compound(1) exhibit good antibacterial properties,while the antibacterial properties decrease in the order the compound(1) di-n-butyltin oxide2-(2-methoxy-4-formylphenoxy)acetic acid.
Clinical study on "Baogeng Decoction" in treating premenopausal syndrome

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of "Baogeng Decoction" on premenopausal syndrome.Methods Forty-one cases of premenopausal syndrome were enrolled,and were given "Baogeng Decoction" for three months.Serum FSH,LH,FSH/LH and E2 were determined;the scores of TCM signs-symptoms,Kupperman scale and menopause-specific quality of life scale were observed.Results The total effective rate based on the score of TCM signs-symptoms was 85.37%,and the effective rate of occasional sweating and flushed cheeks was 88.57%,and of dysphoria was 83.33%.The total scores,and the scores of occasional sweating,flushed cheeks and dysphoria in KI and MENQOL after treatment were lower than those before treatment(P0.01).And the decline of FSH was also significant(P0.05).Conclusion "Baogeng Decoction" is effective for premenopausal syndrome,especially for such symptoms as occasional sweating,flushed cheeks and dysphoria by down-regulating FSH.
Designing Composite Coatings That Provide a Dual Defense against Fouling.

Inspired by marine organisms that utilize spines and shape changes to prevent the biofouling of their surfaces, we use computational modeling to design a gel-based composite coating that provides a two-pronged defense mechanism against the fouling of the underlying substrate. Using dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations, we construct a coating that encompasses rigid posts embedded in a thermoresponsive gel, which exhibits a lower critical solution temperature (LCST). When the gel is heated above its LCST, it collapses to expose the buried posts, which act as spines or spikes that prevent a solid particle from penetrating the layer. Moreover, we show that an imposed shear flow readily dislodges these particles and washes them away from the coated substrate. As the system dissipates heat and cools, the LCST gel expands, and this dynamic morphological change can also be harnessed to dislodge the adsorbed particles. Thus, both the exposed posts and the swelling gels can provide barriers to the penetr...
Public Lands and Political Meaning: Ranchers, the Government, and the Property between Them

List of Illustrations Preface Introduction 1. Policing and Policymaking on the Range 2. The Properties of the Homebuilder 3. The Lessons of the Market 4. The Sovereignty of the State, or the States? 5. The Taylor Grazing Act and the "Vast National Estate" 6. Property Rights and Political Meaning Epilogue Notes Bibliographic Essay Index
Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Anxiolytics and Sedative/Hypnotics

Medications to promote sedation and reduce anxiety and its associated symptoms have been sought since recorded history. The development of the benzodiazepines represented a major therapeutic endeavor due to their safety profile especially when taken in overdose situations compared to the barbiturates and early non-barbiturates such as meprobamate. Benzodiazepines continue to be one of the most commonly prescribed agents available in a variety of dosage formulations used for all age groups. Their pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) profiles have been extensively studied in adult healthy volunteers, the elderly, and patients with hepatic and renal impairment. Most benzodiazepines are metabolized by the phase I oxidative CYP enzyme system and the remaining agents by the phase II glucuronidation. Many long-acting benzodiazepines are metabolized to an active metabolite desmethyldiazepam. Alprazolam and buspirone were FDA approved for panic and generalized anxiety disorders, respectively. Various sedative-hypnotic non-benzodiazepine agents have been developed that are agonists of the alpha-1 GABA-A subreceptor site and the melatonin receptors type 1 and 2. All of these agents produce common PD effects such as sedation and psychomotor impairment. Benzodiazepines also produce antiepileptic actions, muscle relaxation, and anterograde amnesia. PK-PD modeling has been conducted for benzodiazepines and non-benzodiazepines that mainly focus on sedation and psychomotor impairment. The elderly have more pronounced sedative and psychomotor impairment from these agents compared to the adult population. Gender can be another significant factor as females were found to have significantly higher zolpidem plasma concentrations than males and when given comparative doses also displayed more pronounced psychomotor impairment which led to the FDA recommendation of lower doses prescribed.
Porous Carbon Mat as an Electrochemical Testing Platform for Investigating the Polysulfide Retention of Various Cathode Configurations in Li-S Cells.

Two optimized cathode configurations (a porous current collector and an interlayer) are utilized to determine the better architecture for improving the cycle stability and reversibility of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) cells. The electrochemical analysis on the upper-plateau discharge capacity (QH) and the lower-plateau discharge capacity (QL) is introduced for assessing, respectively, the polysulfide retention and the electrochemical reactivity of the cell. The analysis results in line with the expected materials chemistry principles suggest that the interlayer configuration offers stable cell performance for sulfur cathodes. The significance of the interlayer is to block the free migration of the dissolved polysulfides, which is a key factor for immobilizing and continuously utilizing the active material in sulfur cathodes. Accordingly, the carbon mat interlayers provide sulfur cathodes with a high discharge capacity of 864 mA h g–1 at 1 C rate with a high capacity retention rate of 61% after 400 cycles.
Context-Aware Recommendation-Based Learning Analytics Using Tensor and Coupled Matrix Factorization

Student retention and timely graduation are enduring challenges in higher education. With the rapidly expanding collection and availability of learning data and related analytics, student performance can be accurately monitored, and possibly predicted ahead of time, thus, enabling early warning and degree planning “expert systems” to provide disciplined decision support to counselors, advisors, and educators. Previous work in educational data mining has explored matrix factorization techniques for grade prediction, albeit without taking contextual information into account. Temporal information should be informative as it distinguishes between the different class offerings and indirectly captures student experience as well. To exploit temporal and/or other kinds of context, we develop three approaches under the framework of collaborative filtering (CF). Two of the proposed approaches build upon coupled matrix factorization with a shared latent matrix factor. The third utilizes tensor factorization to model grades and their context, without introducing a new mode per context dimension as is common in the CF literature. The latent factors obtained can be used to predict grades and context, if desired. We evaluate these approaches on grade data obtained from the University of Minnesota. Experimental results show that fairly good prediction is possible even with simple approaches, but very accurate prediction is hard. The more advanced approaches can increase prediction accuracy, but only up to a point for the particular dataset considered.
From Congress System to Concert of Europe

The secret treaty of Verona, so often cited by historians and statesmen as proof of the autocratic and aggresive designs of the Alliance, is now known to be a newspaper forgery, apparendy fabricated by the Lisbon correspondent of the London Morning Chronicle. The “treaty,” dated November 22, 1822, purported to demonstrate that the continental powers, with the connivance of the Papacy, plotted the overthrow of representative governments and the freedom of the press throughout Europe. After the appearance of the document in the Chronicle of June 11, 1823, Lieven, Esterhazy, Marcellus, and Werther immediately labeled it spurious and aprocryphal, and many contemporary journals followed suit. Later Chateaubriand and the other ministers who allegedly had signed it publicly repudiated the treaty. Their denials ended the controversy for a while, but twenty-three years later (April 8, 1846), the National, a Paris newspaper, repeated the anachronisms and flaws which give the forgery away; whereupon the Gazette de France (April 9, 1846), the Courrier (April 11, 1846), and the Echo francais (April 11, 1846), challenged this refutation, thus renewing the debate.2
Multi-Sensor SLAM with Online Self-Calibration and Change Detection

We present a solution for constant-time self-calibration and change detection of multiple sensor intrinsic and extrinsic calibration parameters without any prior knowledge of the initial system state or the need of a calibration target or special initialization sequence. This system is capable of continuously self-calibrating multiple sensors in an online setting, while seamlessly solving the online SLAM problem in real-time. We focus on the camera-IMU extrinsic calibration, essential for accurate long-term vision-aided inertial navigation. An initialization strategy and method for continuously estimating and detecting changes to the maximum likelihood camera-IMU transform are presented. A conditioning approach is used, avoiding problems associated with early linearization. Experimental data is presented to evaluate the proposed system and compare it with artifact-based offline calibration developed by our group.
Maximizing Utilization of the Donor Pool by Appropriate Classification of Hepatitis C Antibody-Positive Donors

The most significant issue facing solid organ transplantation (SOT) is the limited supply of donor organs. Expansion of the donor pool is needed to save more lives through SOT. Deceased donors with positive hepatitis C (HCV) serologic testing have been used inconsistently in the past due to concern for worse recipient outcomes and an inability to easily treat HCV in non-liver recipients (1). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Examining the Use of Police in Schools: How Roles may Impact Responses to Student Misconduct

Prior research has suggested that the use of police in schools has resulted in negative outcomes for students; however, this line of research has failed to consider other factors that may influence an officer’s response outside of their mere presence. Over time, the roles and duties of police in a school setting have continued to expand as a result of social and political shifts in criminal justice and education policy. Paralleling this expansion has been the development of a more punitive school discipline environment where students are more likely to be suspended, expelled, a ticketed, and/or arrested. As these two separate bodies of research have been tangentially related, in this study, we use role theory as a guiding framework to connect these two bodies of research and examine how officers’ roles may influence their responses to student misconduct. Data was collected via an online survey distributed to a sample of commissioned law enforcement officers working in Texas schools. The survey included measures of officer roles as well as vignettes to assess how officers would respond to specific situations involving students. Results of this study suggest that an officer’s role may influence how they respond to student misconduct, and therefore, may be an important piece of information for both researchers and practitioners when looking to minimize the potential negative impacts of using police in schools. These findings related to officer roles are discussed in terms of both practice and future research, while considering the larger discipline environment of schools.
Rapid screening of commercial extra virgin olive oil products for authenticity: Performance of a handheld NIR device:

The performance of a handheld near infrared spectroscopic device was evaluated for the rapid screening of extra virgin olive oil for authenticity. Without any sample preparation, the spectra of aut...
Building the K-12 engineering pipeline: An assessment of where we stand

This paper is a survey-based assessment of the pre-engineering activities focused on building the engineering pipeline in the Ozarks region of Missouri. We assess the impact of diverse outreach programs including Project Lead the Way, Science Olympiad, the Ozarks sySTEAMic Coalition (O-STEAM) and other Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) programs/outreach events that have sought to engage the local schools and public at large. Evaluation was based on analysis of survey data collected from middle school and high school students (6–12th graders) in the local schools as well as students currently enrolled in the engineering program at Missouri State University (a cooperative joint program with Missouri University of Science and Technology). The broad and diverse spectrum of students feedback analyzed provided an insight into which activities are effectively building the pipeline and what things we might considering doing differently to strengthen the engineering pipeline. Though this survey is focused on the Springfield Public schools of the Ozarks Missouri region, the methodology and results are replicable to other regions in the US.
Primary Care Provider Practices and Perceptions Regarding HPV Vaccination and Anal Cancer Screening at a Boston Community Health Center.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and anal cancer screening are valuable, yet underutilized, tools in prevention of HPV-related cancers among sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations. The aim of this study was to characterize primary care providers’ (PCPs) practices and perceptions pertaining to HPV vaccination and anal cancer screening. A survey assessing self-reported practice characteristics related to HPV vaccination and anal cancer screening, as well as perceived barriers to vaccination and anal cancer screening at the patient-, provider-, and system-level was distributed to PCPs at a Federally-Qualified Health Center that specializes in care for SGM populations in the greater Boston area. A total of 33 PCPs completed the survey. All PCPs strongly recommended HPV vaccination to their patients by emphasizing that the vaccine is extremely important or very important. Most PCPs told their patients that the HPV vaccine prevents cervical cancer (96.9%), anal cancer (96.9%), oropharyngeal cancer (72.7%), penile cancer (57.5%), and genital warts (63.6%). There is substantial variability among providers regarding recommendations for anal cancer screening and follow-up. Most PCPs perceived that patient-level factors such as poverty, mental illness, and substance use disorders were barriers to HPV vaccination and anal cancer screening. Systems-level barriers such as lack of clinical time with each patient and lack of staffing were also described as barriers to vaccination and screening. Patient-, provider- and systems-level improvements are important to increase HPV vaccination and anal cancer screening rates.
Pulse sequence designed for robust C -phase gates in SiMOS and Si/SiGe double quantum dots

We theoretically analyze the errors in one- and two-qubit gates in SiMOS and Si/SiGe spin qubit experiments and present a pulse sequence which can suppress the errors in exchange coupling due to charge noise using ideal local rotations. In practice, the overall fidelity of the pulse sequence will be limited only by the quality of the single-qubit gates available: The $C$-phase infidelity comes out to be $\ensuremath{\approx}2.5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}$ the infidelity of the single-qubit operations. Based on experimental data, we model the errors and show that $C$-phase gate infidelities can be suppressed by two orders in magnitude. Our pulse sequence is simple and we expect an experimental implementation would be relatively straightforward. We also evaluate the performance of this gate against $1/f$ noise. Assuming a soft ultraviolet cutoff, we show that the pulse sequence designed for quasistatic noise still performs well when the cutoff occurs below $\ensuremath{\sim}1$ MHz with experimentally achievable one-qubit Rabi frequencies, suppressing the infidelity by an order of magnitude compared to the existing direct adiabatic protocol. We also analyze the effects of nonadiabaticity during finite rise periods and find that adiabaticity is not a limitation for the current values of exchange coupling.
Two-year outcome of social skills training and group psychotherapy for outpatients with schizophrenia.

Objective: The authors evaluated the effectiveness ofbehaviorally oriented socialskills training and supportive group therapy for improving the socialadjustment ofschizophrenic patients living in the community and for protecting them against psychotic relapse. Method: Eighty male outpatients with schizophrenia were stabilized with a low dose offluphenazine decanoate (5 to 1 0 mg every 14 days), which was supplemented with oralfiuphenazine (5 mg twice daily) or a placebo when they first met criteria for a prodromal period. (Half of the patients did so at some time during the study.) Patients were randomly assigned to receive either social skills training or supportive group therapy twice weekly for 6 months and then weekly for the next 1 8 months. Rates of psychotic exacerbation were monitored, as were scores on the Social Adjustment Scale II. Results: There were significant main effects favoring social skills training over supportive group therapy on two of the six Social Adjustment Scale II cluster totals examined (personal well-being and total) and significant interactions between psychosocial treatment and drug treatment for three items (external family, social and leisure activities, and total). In each case, these interactions indicated that the advantage ofsocial skills training over supportive group therapy was greatest when it was combined with active drug supplementation. Social skills training did not significantly decrease the risk ofpsychotic exacerbation in the full group, but an advantage was observed (post hoc) among patients who received placebo supplementation. Conclusions: These findings suggest that social skills training resulted in greater improvement in certain measures ofsocial adjustment than supportive group therapy. The greatest improvement in social outcomes occurred when social skills training was cornbined with a pharmacological strategy ofactive drug supplementation at the time prodrornal worsening of psychotic symptoms was first observed. However, these improvements were modest in absolute terms and confined to certain subgroups of patients. (AmJ Psychiatry1996; 153:1585-1592)
Targeted mutagenesis of the psbE and psbF genes blocks photosynthetic electron transport: evidence for a functional role of cytochrome b559 in photosystem II.

Abstract The genes encoding the two subunits (alpha and beta) of the cytochrome b559 (cyt b559) protein, psbE and psbF, were cloned from the unicellular, transformable cyanobacterium, Synechocystis 6803. Cyt b559, an intrinsic membrane protein, is a component of photosystem II, a membrane-protein complex that catalyzes photosynthetic oxygen evolution. However, the role of cyt b559 in photosynthetic electron transport is yet to be determined. A high degree of homology was found between the cyanobacterial and green plant chloroplastidic psbE and psbE genes and in the amino acid sequences of their corresponding protein products. Cartridge mutagenesis techniques were used to generate a deletion mutant of Synechocystis 6803 in which the psbE and psbF genes were replaced by a kanamycin-resistance gene cartridge. Physiological analyses indicated that the PSII complexes of the mutant were inactivated. We conclude that cyt b559 is an essential component of PSII.
The Decision making process of small business for microcomputers and software selection and usage

AbstractIn this paper we investigate the selection process of microcomputers and software applications in small businesses as well as the usage of their computer facilities. We report on an empirical study of small businesses in five selected states. One finding is that owners, managers, and users are most involved in the selection of microcomputers and software. The study also identifies the most important criteria considered in the selection process. Based on the results of the study, we develop a systems approach for small businesses to use in selecting the most appropriate microcomputer and software.
New Developments in Assessing Pediatric Anxiety Disorders

Presumably because it is associated with significant suffering, disruption in normal psychosocial and academic development and also family functioning, pathological anxiety is among the more common causes of referral to children’s mental health-care providers (Black, 1995a; Simon, Ormel, VonKorff, & Barlow, 1995). From a diagnostic point of view, however, fears and anxieties are ubiquitous, so that clinicians and researchers interested in childhood anxiety disorders face the daunting task of differentiating pathological anxiety from fears occurring as a part of normal developmental processes (Costello & Angold, 1995c). Ideally, diagnostic tools designed specifically to assess anxiety in young persons should (1) provide reliable and valid ascertainment of symptoms across multiple symptom domains; (2) discriminate symptom clusters; (3) evaluate severity; (4) incorporate and reconcile multiple observations, such as parent and child ratings; and (5) be sensitive to treatment-induced change in symptoms. Other factors influencing instrument selection include the reasons for the assessment (e.g., screening, diagnosis, or monitoring treatment outcome), as well as time required for administration, level of training necessary to administer and/or interpret the instrument, reading level, and cost.
Abstract 182: Medical Comorbidities and Age Both Predict Neurological Outcomes in Survivors of Cardiac Arrest Treated With Hypothermia

Introduction: Age is a known predictor of outcome in comatose survivors of out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), but it is unknown whether this is inherent or because age is a marker for overall health status. In a cohort treated with hypothermia, we hypothesized that age and pre-arrest comorbidities would both contain unique neurological prognostic information. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study, reviewing electronic medical records of all patients treated with mild therapeutic hypothermia (MTH) in the University of Michigan Emergency Department for OHCA. We categorized patients’ past medical history into a Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Age was analyzed by decade. Neurologic outcomes were determined 6-12 months post-discharge by Cerebral Performance Category (CPC). Logistic models were evaluated by c-statistics and likelihood ratio tests. Trends were evaluated using one-sided Cochrane Armitage tests. Results: After exclusions, 123 patients received MTH between 7/1/2006 and 9/14/2012. Favorable neurological outcomes in patients with CCI 0, 1-2, 3-4, and ≥5 are shown (figure). Odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) by CCI category were 1 (ref), 0.4 (0.1-1.0), 0.5 (0.2-1.7), and 0.2 (0.03-0.9) (c = 0.65, p for trend=0.04). Combined Charlson-age index had slightly higher predictive ability (c=0.71, p=0.0004). CCI added significant predictive ability when added onto a model containing only age (c-statistic increased from 0.71 to 0.78; likelihood ratios p=0.0073). Similarly, age added significant predictive ability when added onto a model containing CCI alone (c-statistic increased from 0.65 to 0.78; p=0.0001) Conclusions: Both age and pre-arrest comorbidities are associated with outcome in comatose survivors of cardiac arrest, but the former appears to be a stronger predictor. This may reflect limitations of the health index used, but more likely that age is an independent predictor of prognosis rather than a marker for comorbidity.
Component-Based System Reliability Considering Positive and Negative Correlation

Most methods to model system reliability assume component failures are statistically independent. A smaller number of studies propose methods to characterize various forms of correlation or dependence but the majority of these consider only positive correlation or dependence. To fill this gap, this paper presents an approach to quantify the reliability of component-based systems subject to positive and negatively correlated component failures. The approach enables the derivation of algebraic system reliability expressions containing a vector of non-identical component reliabilities and matrix of non-identical pairwise correlations representing the correlation between the failures of the components. The approach is demonstrated through a series of examples, which quantify the impact of positive and negatively correlated component failures on system reliability. Our results indicate that the approach can quantify the negative and positive impact of correlation on system reliability. Thus, the approach can be used to identify correlations detracting from system reliability.
Academic Librarianship Today, edited by Todd Gilman: Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2017. 262p. ISBN 978-1442278752. $55.00 (softcover); ISBN 978-1442278745. $105.00 (hardcover).

Academic Librarianship Today, edited by Todd Gilman, provides a concise and relevant overview of the field of academic librarianship in North America. Through the collective wisdom of highly regard...
Shaping Discourse Through Social Media: Using Foucauldian Discourse Analysis to Explore the Narratives That Influence Educational Policy:

This article offers Foucauldian discourse analysis (FDA) as an innovative qualitative methodology to apply to the intersection of social media and public policy research. The article has two sectio...
Mechanics of amelogenin TRAP protein in the proximity of hydroxyapatite mineral is altered by interfacial water

Abstract Enamel is a composite bioceramic that covers teeth. Here, based on molecular dynamic (MD) simulation, we seek a better understanding of the interactions between the enamel matrix proteins with hydroxyapatite (HAP) crystal surfaces. These interactions occur during enamel formation and are responsible for controlling the formation of high aspect ratio carbonated hydroxyapatite nanocrystallites, whereas, in mature enamel, they are implicated to alter the mechanical properties of mature enamel to yield a tough composite that resists fracture during chewing. We choose an archetypal matrix protein known as tyrosine-rich amelogenin peptide (TRAP), which is retained among the HAP crystallites of mature enamel. Our findings provide molecular details to the emerging blueprint needed to engineer a biologically inspired enamel restorative material.
Advantages of Using Selected Seed Sources of Sycamore and Sweetgum for Field Nursery Production and Transplant Establishment

Abstract Adaptability of forest tree improvement program seed sources to landscape nursery production and subsequent bare-root transplanting were investigated. Growth during two years of field production of seedlings from two elite half-sib families of sycamore (Platanus occidentalis L.) and a bulk open pollinated seed orchard mix of sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) were compared with a commercially available seed source of sweetgum and a locally collected half-sib family of sycamore. Utilization of select half-sib families of sycamore resulted in 11% to 19% increases in height and an 11% increase in caliper during field production compared to the local seed source. Seedlings from elite half-sib families of sycamore resumed limited height and caliper growth during the year following transplanting while seedlings from the local seed source did not. Less pruning cuts were required to remove multiple leaders and large basal suckers on elite sycamore and sweetgum seedlings during production.
Looking into the Future: Optical Coherence Tomography for the Assessment of Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy

Introduction Current guidelines recommend coronary angiography with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) as a screening and surveillance tool for the assessment of cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV). The role of optical coherence tomography (OCT) has not been thoroughly evaluated for patients with CAV. Case Description A 59 M with history of ICM with subsequent OHT in 2016 with evidence of an eccentric LAD plaque and CAV with IMT of 0.66 mm on IVUS being treated with Rosuvastatin and Sirolimus presented for second annual follow up angiogram. On coronary angiography all of his vessels appeared angiographically “pristine” without evidence of vasculopathy (Figure 1). OCT showed show evidence of extensive subintimal hyperplasia (0.45 mm at thickest area) with negative vessel remodeling, unappreciable on the coronary angiography (Figure 2). Conclusion IVUS has traditionally been used for the assessment of CAV. OCT has a much higher resolution (10microns) compared to IVUS (80microns) and provides exceptional tissue characterization similar to a light microscope. OCT should hence be considered for the routine evaluation and surveillance of CAV.
Empirical Research on Political Marketing: a Selected Review

This article reviews empirical research on political marketing. The goal of this selective review is to provide an overview of this body of research that crosses fields including economics, political science, marketing, information systems, and communications in order to make it easier for newcomers to quickly identify key papers and understand the state of the field. The review takes the perspective of the marketing literature and includes a discussion of data sources, modeling and methodological issues, and some selected, prominent topics.
Going Beyond "Not Enough Time": Barriers to Preparing Manuscripts for Academic Medical Journals.

Phenomenon: Many researchers have difficulty transforming raw data into publishable full-length manuscripts. Among studies presented at professional meetings, registered as clinical trials, or decl...
Haploidentical CD45RA-Negative Donor Lymphocyte Infusions Are Feasible, Safe and Associated with Clinical Benefit

Introduction Donor T-cell reconstitution following hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is critical for infection and leukemic control. Donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) provide additional donor T cells, but may cause graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) from alloreactive T-cells. As GVHD risk increases with increasing HLA-mismatch, conventional haploidentical DLI doses are often limited to 1 × 105 T cells/kg. Since the majority of alloreactive T cells reside in the naive (CD45RA-positive) subset, CD45RA-depleted DLI may provide a diverse lymphocyte repertoire to aid in infection and leukemic disease control, with decreased GVHD risk. Herein, we report on feasibility, safety, and early efficacy of escalating doses of haploidentical memory DLI. Methods Donors underwent leukapheresis without mobilization; 2 total blood volumes were collected. Depletion of CD45RA-positive cells was performed using the CliniMACS device (Miltenyi Biotec). DLI dosing typically started at 1 × 105 T cells/kg, with dose escalation every 4 weeks based on clinical need. Results All donors collected successfully in one attempt. Following CD45RA-depletion, median residual T cell dose was 45 × 106/kg and CD45RA-positive T cell dose was 3.9 log depletion), allowing multiple doses to be stored for future use (Figure 1). Twelve patients received a total of 29 DLIs (median infusions=2, range 1–5; Figure 2). Indications for DLI included detectible leukemia (6), mixed chimerism (6), and lymphopenia/viral infection (3); 3 recipients had multiple indications. First DLI was infused a median of 101.5 days post-HCT (range 41-356). Twenty-three doses had no detectible CD45RA-positive T cells ( Discussion CD45RA-depletion is feasible and effective in removing naive donor T-cells. Haploidentical CD45RA-depleted DLIs were well tolerated and associated with low incidence of acute GVHD, even with T-cell doses as high as 10 × 106/kg. The majority of patients showed clinical benefit from DLI, with the exception of leukemia disease control. We are currently further investigating the efficacy and safety of CD45RA-depleted DLI as part of a prospective clinical haploidentical HCT trial.
Own-age bias in face-name associations: Evidence from memory and visual attention in younger and older adults

Abstract Successfully learning and remembering people's names is a challenging memory task for adults of all ages, and this already difficult social skill worsens with age, even in normative “healthy” aging. The own-age bias, a type of in-group bias, could affect the difficulty of this task across age. Past evidence supports an own-age bias in face processing, wherein individuals preferably attend to and better recognize faces of members of their own age group. However, the own-age bias has not been examined previously in relation to explicit face-name associative encoding and subsequent name retrieval, despite the importance of this social skill. Using behavioral and eye-tracking methodology, this cross-sectional research investigated the own-age bias for name memory (recognition and recall) and visual attention (fixation count, looking time, and normalized pupil size) when learning novel face-name pairs. Younger adult (n = 90) and older adult (n = 84) participants completed a face-name association task that tested name memory for younger and older female and male faces, while eye-tracking data were recorded. The visual attention variables taken from the eye-tracking data showed significant age-of-face effects at both encoding and retrieval, but no overall own-age bias in attention. Both younger and older participants showed an own-age bias in name recall with better memory for names paired with faces of their own age, as compared to other-aged faces. This cross-over effect for name memory suggests that memory for information with high social and affective relevance to the individual may be relatively spared in aging, despite overall age-related declines in memory performance.
Crosscorrelation of Sea Levels

Crosscorrelation has been used to determine those factors that occur in common within related strings of geological data. Knowledge of these factors allows the isolation of events that either affect all the data sets or are confined to an individual data string. The crosscorrelation can be expressed in either the time or the frequency domain. However, in the frequency domain, amplitude and phase of the input functions can be calculated and utilized as separate spectra. This makes it possible to combine amplitude and phase spectra from different data sets and then calculate inverse transforms that create new time displays.
Stress and Vulnerability to Brain Damage

The hippocampus is intimately sensitive to stress hormones and responds to stress through changes in structure, neurochemistry, and excitability. Both acute and chronic stress can compromise the hippocampus: acute stress exacerbates hippocampal damage when combined with a metabolic challenge, while chronic stress directly produces hippocampal dendritic retraction. Neurons expressing dendritic retraction may inadvertently increase the risk for compromised hippocampal health. Factors influencing hippocampal health include genetics, stress exposure during development, gender, and coping strategies. Understanding these risks and taking steps to avoid or attenuate the impact of chronic stress can help mitigate the potential negative effects on the body and brain.