cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Measurement of instrument noise spectra at frequencies below 1 hertz

The use of peak-to-peak values in describing output noise of a magnetometer or low frequency amplifier is of questionable value for certain applications. A more precise statement of instrument noise is made with a plot of the noise power spectral density versus frequency. The spectral density plot provides a rich source of information which can be used in the selection and testing of such instrumentation.
Spectral methods in time for a class of parabolic partial differential equations

In this paper, we introduce a fully spectral solution for the partial differential equation u"t + uu"x + vu"x"x + @mu"x"x"x + @lu"x"x"x"x = 0. For periodic boundary conditions in space, the use of Fourier expansion in x admits of a particularly efficient algorithm with respect to expansion of the time dependence in a Chebyshev series. Boundary conditions other than periodic may still be treated with reasonable, though lesser, efficiency. For all cases, very high accuracy is attainable at moderate computational cost relative to the expense of variable order finite difference methods in time.
Synthesis of Alkyl Aryl Ethers by Catalytic Williamson Ether Synthesis with Weak Alkylation Agents

For almost 70 years, there have been attempts to advance the Williamson ether synthesis process to allow the use of low-cost, noncarcinogenic, weak alkylating agents and avoid salt production. These attempts to produce a “green” version of Williamson ether synthesis have been based on the use of weak alkylating agents such as carboxylic acid esters at relatively high temperatures (approximately 200 °C) and pressures. However, none of the processes considered was suitable for industrial application because of the high concentration of the alkali metal carboxylates required. By increasing the temperature to above 300 °C, it has now proved possible to carry out Williamson ether synthesis as a homogeneous catalytic process. The large temperature increase significantly boosts the alkylating power of weak alkylating agents such as alcohols, carboxylic acid esters, and ethers derived from weak Bronsted acids, which are only weak alkylating agents at room temperature. At such temperatures, carboxylic acid esters ...
Reflections on the Status and Direction of Psychology: An External Historical Perspective

AbstractWhenever one reads internal histories of psychology what is covered is the establishment of a lab by Wundt in 1879 as the initiating act and then the breakaway movements of the 20th Century are discussed: Behaviorism, Gestalt Theory, Psychoanalysis, and most recently the Cognitive revival. However, Aron Gurwitsch described a perspective noted by Cassirer and first developed by Malebranche, which dates the founding of psychology at the same time as that of physics in the 17th Century. This external perspective shows the dependency of psychology upon the concepts, methods and procedures of physics and the natural sciences in general up until the present time. Gurwitsch argues that this approach has blocked the growth of psychology and has assured its status as a minor science. He argued that the everyday Lifeworld achievements of subjectivity are the true subject matter of psychology and that a phenomenological approach to subjectivity could give psychology the authenticity it has been forever seeking but never finding as a naturalistic science. Some clarifying thoughts concerning this phenomenologically grounded psychology are offered, especially the role of desire. The assumption of an external perspective toward the history of psychology fostered the insights about psychology’s scientific role.
The Role of Hypothalamic Estrogen Receptors in Metabolic Regulation

Estrogens regulate key features of metabolism, including food intake, body weight, energy expenditure, insulin sensitivity, leptin sensitivity, and body fat distribution. There are two 'classical' estrogen receptors (ERs): estrogen receptor alpha (ERS1) and estrogen receptor beta (ERS2). Human and murine data indicate ERS1 contributes to metabolic regulation more so than ESR2. For example, there are human inactivating mutations of ERS1 which recapitulate aspects of the metabolic syndrome in both men and women. Much of our understanding of the metabolic roles of ERS1 was initially uncovered in estrogen receptor α-null mice (ERS1(-/-)); these mice display aspects of the metabolic syndrome, including increased body weight, increased visceral fat deposition and dysregulated glucose intolerance. Recent data further implicate ERS1 in specific tissues and neuronal populations as being critical for regulating food intake, energy expenditure, body fat distribution and adipose tissue function. This review will focus predominantly on the role of hypothalamic ERs and their critical role in regulating all aspects of energy homeostasis and metabolism.
Longitudinal and torsional oscillations of a rod in a non-Newtonian fluid

Etude du probleme d'un barreau infiniment long subissant des oscillations longitudinales et de torsion dans un fluide incompressible et homogene du second ordre
Correlation between the discharge rate of non-dopamine neurons in substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area and the motor activity induced by apomorphine.

Abstract The effects of systemic apomorphine on the discharge rates of non-dopamine neurons of the ventral tegmental area and the substantia nigra were investigated in the behaving rat to determine the relationship between the neural responses and the motor activity induced by the dopamine agonist. Apomorphine, 3.0 mg/kg, induced large increases in motor activity and in the rate of firing of non-dopamine neurons in both ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra. The effects were similar in both structures, but only a portion of the non-dopamine neurons sampled were sensitive to the dopamine agonist. The motor and unit responses were correlated for latencies, magnitude and duration. These effects were dose-responsive, 0.75 mg/kg and 1.5 mg/kg inducing smaller behavioral and neural responses than 3.0 mg/kg. Apomorphine, 3.0 mg/kg, given to rats pretreated with haloperidol, 1.5 mg/kg, 60 min before the recording session, induced smaller behavioral and neural responses than in controls. The dopamine agonist given to rats in which gross motor activity was prevented through light anesthesia with urethan, 600 mg/kg, led to a decrease in the magnitude of the unit response in ventral tegmental area and to a potentiation of the response in substantia nigra. In rats with bilateral electrolytic lesions of nucleus accumbens given one week earlier, apomorphine induced a smaller behavioral response than in controls, and differential effects on the neural responses. In ventral tegmental area the response was the same as in controls, but in substantia nigra it was blocked. These results indicate the presence in substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area of subpopulations of non-dopamine neurons responding with excitation to experimental manipulations that activate dopamine receptors. The dissociation between the motor effects of apomorphine and the neural effects in the subjects prevented from expressing gross motor activity and in the lesioned animals, indicates that the neural responses were not the result of behavioral feedback. And the differential effects of apomorphine in ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra in these two groups of subjects suggest that the dopamine motor influence, at this brain level, may be fractionated, different groups of non-dopamine neurons conveying different aspects of the dopamine influence on motor activity to premotor neurons. The results, taken together, support the notion that non-dopamine efferent neurons in ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra function as dopamine output neurons, their output being critical for the behavioral effects of dopamine agonists.
Management 2.0: a primer on blogging for executives

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine how corporate executives of companies are using blogging as a new communications channel.Design/methodology/approach – The paper presents an overview of the blogging phenomenon, placing it in context of the larger growth of Web 2.0 and user‐generated content. The paper provides the reader with a primer on blogs and how they can be used effectively by executives, as well as looking at the importance of monitoring the blogosphere for what is being said by and about a company.Findings – Over 50 corporate CEOs were found who are presently engaged in blogging. The research also identifies companies where employees have been fired for blogging and presents best practices in blogging and blog policies.Research limitations/implications – The principal limitation of the research is that as blogging is a rapidly growing and evolving area, the present results on executive blogging are accurate only for the moment. The implications of this research are that it provide...
Cryptic insertion of PML-RARA into the 3p25 locus in an acute promyelocytic leukemia with t(3;17)(p25;q21).

Abstract We studied a case of a 72-year-old man with acute promyelocytic leukemia and a t(3;17)(p25;q21). Fluorescence in situ hybridization failed to show rearrangement of the PML (promyelocytic leukemia protein) locus but did demonstrate relocalization of the retinoic acid receptor alpha ( RARA ) to chromosome 3. We performed a modified panhandle polymerase chain reaction analysis to investigate the unknown 5′ partner. Our analysis indicates that the fusion partner is PML. This karyotype therefore results in a cryptic PML - RARA fusion inserted into the 3p25 locus. Our case highlights the need for molecular analysis of seemingly novel karyotypic abnormalities.
Complications of Central Venous Catheterization

Roberto Kusminsky, MD, contributed an exhaustive review of the topic, in his article, “Complications of Central Venous Catheterization.” Particularly prescient was the discussion of less common complications associated with central venous access (CVA), such as, malposition, arterial cannulations, perforations of the great vessels, guidewire problems, and lymphatic injuries. Throughout the article Dr Kusminsky noted the superiority of ultrasonograpy-assisted insertion (UAI) compared with the traditional anatomic landmarks approach, and I am in complete agreement with him on this point. But there is a sentence on page 682, that I believe is incorrect. “Reports of the advantages of ultrasonography over the anatomic landmark method support the findings of risk reduction and improved cannulation success for all access sites—FV, SCV, IJV—in adults and children and in different settings.” Dr Kusminsky gives four references for this statement. My objection is the inclusion of the subclavian vein (SCV) in that sentence. I contend, despite the peerreviewed literature, that the SCV has never been cannulated using UAI (in adults). The reason for this contention is that the SCV lies in the bony canal bordered by the clavicle and first rib, which makes the SCV very difficult or impossible to visualize with portable ultrasonography. When the SCV crosses the lateral border of the first rib, it has a new name, the axillary vein (AXV). The AXV is readily visible and cannulatable with UAI. The two references that refer to the SCV, namely Rothschild, which is a review; and, Randolph and colleagues, which is a metaanalysis, both cite Gualtieri and coworkers as a primary source. In Gualtieri’s paper, the author clearly describes an axillary vein cannulation, even showing a diagram of the ultrasonography probe overlying the AXV. Unfortunately, Dr Gualtieri titled her paper, “Subclavian venous catheterization: Greater success rate for less experienced operators using ultrasound guidance.” Some people consider the difference between the SCV and AXV to be semantics. Other people consider demonstrating the anatomic difference between the two veins, with the resultant safety implications, to be their life’s work. At any rate, knowledge is not imparted to future generations if we call a structure by the wrong name.
Preserving employee dignity during the termination interview: An empirical examination.

Despite the ongoing need for managers to fire employees and the wide prevalence of downsizing and layoffs, little research has examined how the conduct of termination interviews affects employee reactions. The current research was designed to explore reactions to several commonly used termination interview practices. Two scenario-based experiments examined the effectiveness of having a third party (an HR manager or a security guard) present, mentioning the employee’s positive characteristics and contributions, and using alone, discrete escort, or public escort modes of exit from the interview. Perceptions of being treated with respect and empathy, levels of anger, and the likelihood of complaining to others and taking legal action were assessed. Support for the effectiveness of specific termination interview practices was mixed. Specifically, in Experiment 1, third party presence was viewed as demonstrating a lack of respect, whereas mentioning positive characteristics was generally viewed favorably. Experiment 2 showed the favorable effects of mentioning positive characteristics were eroded by a security guard escort from the interview, and actually reversed and became negative when that escort was public in nature. A public escort also produced the highest levels of anger. These results suggest that multiple aspects of the termination interview process should be considered carefully when developing managerial policies.
1682 COGNITIVE DEFICITS INDPENDENT OF BEHAVIORAL DIFFICULTIES IN CHILDREN WITH EPILEPSY AND ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER (ADD)

Cognitive and behavioral disturbances in children with epilepsy present a significant clinical problem in pediatric neurology, we examined sixteen children (10 boys, 6 girls, 10.2 years old) with epilepsy and ADD (E-ADD) and compared them to 84 non-epileptic children (69 boys, 15 girls, 10.0 years old) with ADD. Such a strategy is designed to circumvent the issue of attentional problems by including ADD as an independent variable. Groups were comparable on parent and teacher completed behavioral scales reflecting inattention, hyperactivity, poor impulse control, emotional lability, aggressive and socialized conduct disorders; similarly groups did not differ on language attainment or dexterity. Significant differences emerged on individualized intelligence (WISC-R) and achievement tests (Woodcock-Johnson). Thus, E-ADD compared to non-epileptic ADD children exhibited lower scores on FSIQ (92.4 vs 102), PIQ (88.2 vs 102), Picture Completion (7.92 vs 11.0), Picture Arrangement (9.00 vs 11.3), Block Design (7.54 vs 10.3) and Knowledge (87.1 vs 97.9). Such findings suggest that the cognitive difficulties in children with epilepsy occur independent of the attentional and behavioral problems. Furthermore, they emphasize the additive effect of epilepsy and ADD on reductions in IQ.
Influence of terrestrial vegetation on leaf wax δD of Holocene lake sediments

Abstract The hydrogen isotope composition of terrestrial plant leaf wax in sediments is increasingly used as a paleoclimatic indicator. Modern calibration studies suggest that paleoclimatic interpretation of leaf wax δ D values requires consideration of the differences in the apparent fractionation of hydrogen isotopes among different groups of plants. However, it is not common that paleoecological data are used to help interpret leaf wax δ D profiles. Here we assess the relative importance of factors influencing millennial-scale shifts in δ D values of n -alkanoic acids at Steel Lake (Minnesota, USA), an extensively studied site with independent records of vegetation composition, δ D of input water to the lake, and evaporation. The δ D values of the n -C 28 alkanoic acid ( δ D C28 ) vary between −190 and −168‰, and do not correlate with δ D of input water or the extent of evaporation. However, δ D C28 is negatively correlated with the δ 13 C values of the n -C 28 alkanoic acid ( δ 13 C C28 ). The correlation, along with pollen assemblage and carbonate δ 13 C records, suggests that Holocene shifts between forest and grassland and/or in the water use efficiency of C 3 plants influenced the stratigraphic variation in leaf wax δ D. Thus, paleoecological information, such as that inferred from pollen assemblages and carbon isotopes of plant-derived compounds, may aid paleoclimatic interpretation of leaf wax δ D profiles from lake sediments.
Transparent conductive grids via direct writing of silver nanoparticle inks

Transparent conductive grids are patterned by direct writing of concentrated silver nanoparticle inks. This maskless, etch-free patterning approach is used to produce well-defined, two-dimensional periodic arrays composed of conductive features with center-to-center separation distances of up to 400 µm and an optical transmittance as high as 94.1%.
Detection of γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) by Longitudinal Scalar Order Difference Editing

Two novel spectral editing techniques for the in vivo detection of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are presented. The techniques rely on the generation of longitudinal scalar order (LSO) coherences, which in combination with J-difference editing results in the selective detection of GABA. The utilization of LSO coherences makes the editing sequences insensitive to phase and frequency instabilities. Furthermore, the spectral editing selectivity can be increased independent of the echo time, thereby opening the echo time for state-of-the-art water suppression and/or spatial localization techniques. The performance of the LSO editing techniques is theoretically demonstrated with product operator calculations and density matrix simulations and experimentally evaluated on phantoms in vitro and on human brain in vivo.
Role of pyridoxal phosphate in thyroid hormone biosynthesis.

The role of pyridoxal phosphate and manganese ion in the iodination of tyrosine has been studied in vitro. Pyridoxal phosphate and manganous ion appear to generate an oxidant that is destroyed by catalase. In the presence of a specific thyroid iodide peroxidase these substances support iodination of tyrosine. Generation of an oxidant is also evident in the pyrogallol peroxidase assay but could not be demonstrated in assay of iodide peroxidation to triiodide. It is unlikely that pyridoxal phosphate and manganese chloride are components of the iodide peroxidase-tyrosine iodinase-iodotyrosine coupling system of the thyroid in vivo. (Endocrinology 88: 1263, 1968)
Structure of the embryonic primate spinal cord at the closure of the first reflex arc

Early development of the spinal cord was studied in macaque monkey embryos, using light- and electron microscopy, Golgi impregnation and [3H]thymidine radioautography. All neurons engaged in the first reflex arc are generated before E27 in the 165 day gestation period. The earliest-generated cells differentiate into motoneurons while the commissural and association neurons are generated later. Synaptogenesis starts at E27 in the basal plate, and 2 days later in the alar plate. The first synapses appear as symmetrical junctions situated on the neuronal perikarya and proximal dendrites. Closure of the first spinal reflex are is established within 2 days and follows an antidromic pattern as related to the physiological spread of nerve impulses: synapses on motoneuronal somata and primary dendrites in the basal plate appear first and are followed by synapses in the alar plate, between dorsal root axon collaterals and somata of borderline (commissural/association) neurons. Commissural axons grow towards the floor plate, cross the midline and proceed caudo-rostrally, while association fibers remain ipsilateral. The first wave of apoptosis (programmed cell death) thins out dense populations of nerve and glial cells by E30. Some of the early-generated borderine cells that form commissural and association interneurons, seem to play the role of transient target cells and die once the definitive axonal pathways are established. Since transient cells form numerous synapses, deprivation from the afferent impulses is not a likely cause of their elimination. The present results indicate that the initial developmental events, including formation of the first reflex arc in the primate spinal cord, occur considerably earlier in respect to birth than in other mammals, but that the schedule of cellular events and cellular mechanisms seem to be the same.
Classification of triply-retractive semifields of order q4

A complete classification of the semifield spreads of order q4 that triply-retract to mixed partitions of PG (3, q2) is given.
Electrochemical coupling in carrier-mediated membrane transport

Abstract The possibility of controlling permeant flux through facilitated-transport membranes by passage of electric current is examined theoretically. The major effects observed are due to the role of the electrodes as sources and sinks for the species which participate in the electrode reactions. If those species also participate in the homogeneous chemical reactions, the passage of current can profoundly influence the membrane permeability. Order of magnitude increases in permeant flux are predicted, as is the pumping of permeant against its overall concentration difference. Predicted energy consumption is competitive with that of conventional separation processes.
Circa-bi-dian rhythmicity in the flight activity of the mosquito Culiseta incidens

Abstract 1. 1. Circa-bi-dian (about-two-day) rhythms have been found only in the human sleep-wake cycle and in the flight activity of the mosquito Culiseta incidens . Further data on the latter are presented. 2. 2. In Culiseta , the phase relations between the circa-bi-dian activity bands and the circadian bands which precede them in each record either tend to be stable and are classifiable into four categories, or show a continuous change. 3. 3. The usefulness of this classification and the strengths and shortcomings of a two-oscillator explanation of mosquito circa-bi-dian rhythmicity are discussed.
“Here to Tell Her Story” Analyzing the Autoethnographic Performances of Others

This article examines the debate between honoring the agency of the teller of personal stories and honoring the stories themselves as legitimate objects of critical inquiry. It takes an autoethnographic monologue of a woman who has recently experienced homelessness from zAmya Theatre Project’s community-based play Housed and Homeless (From the Very Same Cup) as an extended case study and employs multiple existing models of analyzing autoethnographic performance, critiquing each model in turn, and assessing these methods in relationship to the desire to ethically analyze autoethnography.
Obesity and Sexuality in Women

Sexual health is an important part of an individual's overall health. This article presents the definitions and classifications of female sexual dysfunction (FSD), emphasizes the importance of obtaining a sexual health assessment, and describes the tools that can be used for this assessment. The impact of obesity on reproductive health over a women's entire life span (in the family-planning years, reproductive years, and menopause years) is described. The treatment of obesity will have a positive effect on a woman's sexual health, with a likely improvement in FSD and a decrease in risk factors related to contraception, pregnancy, infertility, and menopause.
Exemplification Effects of Multimedia Enhancements

This research addresses multimedia effects through the lens of exemplification, thereby providing insight into consequences of using multimedia to embellish news content. Specifically, the study examines whether the vivid display of multimedia enhancements could influence the way people perceive issues reported in the accompanying stories. A 3 × 2 × 2 mixed factorial experiment was conducted with exemplar valence and exemplar vividness presented via multimedia elements and time of response serving as factors. According to the results, the content of multimedia additions created a shift in issue perception. The more interesting finding was the interaction effect of valence and vividness in multimedia exemplification. Valence of highly vivid exemplars was more likely to bias issue perception than did valence of non-vivid exemplars. This effect occurred in the presence of identical, two-sided textual content across all conditions. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
The gradient flow motion of boundary vortices

Abstract We consider the gradient flow of a family of energy functionals describing the formation of boundary vortices in thin magnetic films. We obtain motion laws for the singularities in all time scalings by using the method of Γ -convergence of gradient flows.
Feed design for a two-dimensional bootlace lens

A coaxial probe assembly for use as a feed for two-dimensional bootlace lenses is described. Experimental results are presented with parasitic elements used to improve the impedance match.
Routing Procedures in Communications Networks-Part I: Random Procedures

A study is made of possible routing procedures in military communications networks in order to evaluate these procedures in terms of future tactical requirements. In Part I this study is devoted to procedures involving random choices. In such networks each message path is essentially a random walk. Estimates of the average traverse time of each message and average traffic flow through each node are derived by statistical methods under reasonable assumptions on the operating characteristics of the network for various typical random routing procedures. This paper does not purport to present a complete system design. Many design questions, common to all network routing problemsresponse to temporary loss of links or nodes, rules for handling of message priorities, etc.-are not considered here. It is shown that random routing procedures are highly inefficient but extremely stable. A comparison of these theoretical results with the results of an extended computer simulation effort lends support to their reliability, discrepancies being accounted for by the simplifying nature of the statistical assumptions. It is suggested that in circumstances where the need for stability outweighs the need for efficiency, this type of network might be advantageously employed.
An analysis of soil moisture dynamics using multi-year data from a network of micrometeorological observation sites

Abstract Soil moisture data, obtained from four AmeriFlux sites in the US, were examined using an ecohydrological framework. Sites were selected for the analysis to provide a range of plant functional type, climate, soil particle size distribution, and time series of data spanning a minimum of two growing seasons. Soil moisture trends revealed the importance of measuring water content at several depths throughout the rooting zone; soil moisture at the surface (0–10 cm) was approximately 20–30% less than that at 50–60 cm. A modified soil moisture dynamics model was used to generate soil moisture probability density functions at each site. Model calibration results demonstrated that the commonly used soil matric potential values for finding the vegetation stress point and field content may not be appropriate, particularly for vegetation adapted to a water-controlled environment. Projections of future soil moisture patterns suggest that two of the four sites will become severely stressed by climate change induced alterations to the precipitation regime.
Unstructured Construction Document Classification Model through Support Vector Machine (SVM)

The dynamic nature of the construction industry yields enormous amount of documents that have to be stored, retrieved, and reused. Most of these documents are generated in an unstructured format. Therefore, in an attempt to provide a robust document classification methodology for the construction industry, the current research proposes an automated classifier model through Support Vector Machines (SVM). The adopted research methodology (1) gathered a corpus of documents including 300 correspondences, 150 meeting minutes, 25 claims, and 300 Differing Site Conditions (DSC) cases; (2) developed C++ algorithms which process unstructured documents into a readable format by the SVM algorithm; (4) developed 16 SVM automated classification models; and (5) tested and validated the developed models. The developed models under the current research attained higher accuracy, and better precision and recall than previous researches illustrated in the literature. The current research represents a continuation to previous researches performed within this realm.
THE EFFECT OF OXIDANTS AND REDUCTANTS UPON THE BIOELECTRIC POTENTIAL OF NITELLA.

Nitella cells were exposed to various oxidants and reductants, to determine their effect upon the bioelectric potential. These included five systems, with an Eh range from +0.454 v. to –0.288 v., a total range of 0.742 v. When proper regard was given to buffering against acidity changes, and concentration changes of Na or K ions in the oxidized and reduced forms, no significant effect upon the bioelectric potential was found: 1. When an oxidant or reductant (K ferri- or ferrocyanide) was applied instead of an equivalent normality of an "indifferent" salt (KCl). 2. In changing from a given oxidant to its corresponding reductant (ferri- to ferrocyanide; oxidized to leuco-dye, etc.). 3. When a mixture of 2 dyes, (indophenol with positive E'0, and safranin with negative E'0) was oxidized and reduced, to give better poising at the extremes. It is conduded that the outer surface of this cell is not influenced by the state of oxidation or reduction of the systems employed; at least it does not respond with a manifest change of bioelectric potential to changes in oxidation-reduction intensity of the medium. The cells continued to show, however, at all times their usual response to concentration changes of KCl, NaCl, etc., and to electrical stimulation.
Electronegativity values from thermochemical data

Abstract The electronegativities of sixty-nine elements have been calculated from the most recent thermochemical data. The mean deviation of the calculated electronegativity difference, 0·208 √ †, from the difference of the average electronegativities is 0·046 units. The trends of electronegativity values within the periodic system are summarized. The transition metal contraction, the lanthanide contraction, and crystal field stabilization are observed to contribute to the relative values of electronegativity.
Wide Range Scales for Fading Records by Electrical Means

The electrical means discussed in the following paper are two in number. Relatively small modifications of the response characteristics of the recording system may be obtained by the use of a combination of plate detection and grid detection in which the latter becomes active only for strong signals. Great modifications of the response characteristics are produced by circuit arrangements of the type used for "automatic volume control." Curves are given showing typical results. These show the possibility of obtaining greatly increased scale ranges and also of obtaining scales in which the recorder response is roughly proportional to the logarithm of the strength of the carrier wave. The response to side bands is stated to be small.
Endoluminal AAA repair using intravascular ultrasound for graft planning and deployment: a 2-year community-based experience.

Purpose:To examine the effectiveness of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) for preoperative planning and intraoperative deployment of stent-grafts to treat ab...
Structure-activity analysis of base and enzyme-catalyzed 4-hydroxybenzoyl coenzyme A hydrolysis.

Abstract In this study, the second-order rate constant k 2 of base-catalyzed hydrolysis and the values of k cat , K m and k cat / K m of wild-type Pseudomonas sp. CBS3 4-hydroxybenzoyl coenzyme A (4-HBA-CoA) thioesterase-catalyzed hydrolysis of 4-HBA-CoA and its para -substituted analogs were measured. For the base-catalyzed hydrolysis, the plot of log k 2 vs the σ value of the para -substituents was linear with a slope ( ρ ) of 1.5. In the case of the enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis, the k cat / K m values measured for the para -substituted analogs defined substrate specificity. Asp32 was shown to play a key role in substrate recognition, and in particular, in the discrimination between the targeted substrate and other cellular benzoyl-CoA thioesters.
Out of the Fringe? Out of the Closet: Latina/Latino Theatre and Performance in the 1990s

A different take on Latina/o performance, from someone who lives not in LA or NY, but in Texas. Marrero traces the “possibilities of representation” for Latinas/os from the days of El Teatro Campesino to now.
Measuring the Impact of Increased Product Substitution on Pricing and Capacity Decisions Under Linear Demand Models

We consider two substitutable products and compare two alternative measures of product substitutability for linear demand functions that are commonly used in the literature. While one leads to unrealistically high prices and profits as products become more substitutable, the results obtained using the other measure are in line with intuition. Using the more appropriate measure of product substitutability, we study the optimal investment mix in flexible and dedicated capacities in both monopoly and oligopoly settings. We find that the optimal investment in manufacturing flexibility tends to decrease as the products become closer substitutes; this is because (1) pricing can be used more effectively to balance supply and demand, and (2) the gains obtained by shifting production to the more profitable product are reduced due to increased correlation between the price potentials of the substitutable products. The value of flexibility always increases with demand variability. We also show that, as long as the optimal investments in dedicated capacity for both products are positive, the optimal expected prices and production quantities do not depend on the cost of the flexible capacity. Manufacturing flexibility simply allows the firm to achieve those expected values with lower capacity, while leading to higher expected profits.
Survey Assessment of Personal Digital Assistant Use among Trainees and Attending Physicians

Limited information is available on personal digital assistant (PDA) use patterns in medical settings. Recognizing that use patterns may be important considerations for development of handheld-based information systems, the authors characterized PDA use at their institution. A survey was mailed to all internal medicine physicians at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, in May 2002. PDA use prevalence, user demographics, hardware preferences, and work setting and application use frequencies were assessed for respondents reporting current PDA use. Use patterns of trainees (residents and subspecialty fellows) and attending physicians were compared. Trainees reported more frequent PDA use in the hospital setting and for direct patient care. Attending physicians reported more frequent PDA use in administrative settings and for calendar functions. These findings may reflect differences in the information needs and work roles of learners and experienced physicians. Such factors may be important considerations for the development and implementation of institutional PDA resources.
Experience with program visualization in tuning parallel loop scheduling

Optimally scheduling parallel programs on multiprocessors is a difficult problem. This is partly due to the fact that interactions between an application, system software, and hardware, have unpredictable effects on performance. They are hard to quantify, and difficult to model. Evaluation and refinement of scheduling paradigms can be made easier by a convenient and effective means of quickly examining system behavior. The paper reports on experience with program visualization as an integral tool in the development and tuning of a scheduler for parallel Fortran loops on a 64-way shared-memory multiprocessor. Over the course of a series of experiments, a visualization system provided feedback concerning the effectiveness of alternative algorithms and parameter tuning. Mathematical models of loop chunking, and the benefits of nested parallelism, were verified, and a performance anomaly due to TLB thrashing was identified and corrected. >
Color Stability of New Composite Restorative Materials Under Accelerated Aging

The color stability of seven commercial composite restorative materials under conditions of accelerated aging was evaluated by reflection spectrophotometry at baseline and 300, 600, and 900 h. During early aging the composites generally became darker, more chromatic, and more opaque. Changes in color of the conventional composites during aging were influenced by erosion of the resin matrices and exposure of filler particles. Color stability of the microfilled composites under the in vitro conditions tested was better than that of the conventional composites and did not appear to be influenced as much by erosion.
Strategies to Help a Smoker Who Is Struggling to Quit

Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of death worldwide. Stopping tobacco use benefits virtually every smoker. Most of the 19% of US residents who smoke want to quit and have tried to do so. Most individual quit attempts fail, but two-thirds of smokers use no treatment when trying to quit. Treating tobacco dependence is one of the most cost-effective actions in health care. With a brief intervention, physicians can prompt smokers to attempt to quit and connect them to evidence-based treatment that includes pharmacotherapy and behavioral support (ie, counseling). Physicians can link smokers to effective counseling support offered by a free national network of telephone quit lines. Smokers who use nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), bupropion, or varenicline when trying to quit double their odds of success. The most effective way to use NRT is to combine the long-acting nicotine patch with a shorter-acting product (lozenge, gum, inhaler, or nasal spray) and extend treatment beyond 12 weeks. Observational studies have not confirmed case reports of behavior changes associated with varenicline and bupropion, and these drugs' benefits outweigh potential risks. A chronic disease management model is effective for treating tobacco dependence, which deserves as high a priority in health care systems as treating other chronic diseases like diabetes and hypertension.
A multicenter, prospective study of a new fully covered expandable metal biliary stent for the palliative treatment of malignant bile duct obstruction

Background and Study Aims. Endoscopic placement of self-expanding metal stents (SEMSs) is indicated for palliation of inoperable malignant biliary obstruction. A fully covered biliary SEMS (WallFlex Biliary RX Boston Scientific, Natick, USA) was assessed for palliation of extrahepatic malignant biliary obstruction. Patients and Methods. 58 patients were included in this prospective, multicenter series conducted under an FDA-approved IDE. Main outcome measurements included (1) absence of stent occlusion within six months or until death, whichever occurred first and (2) technical success, need for reintervention, bilirubin levels, stent patency, time to stent occlusion, and adverse events. Results. Technical success was achieved in 98% (57/58), with demonstrated acute removability in two patients. Adequate clinical palliation until completion of followup was achievedin 98% (54/55) of evaluable patients, with 1 reintervention due to stent obstruction after 142 days. Mean total bilirubin decreased from 8.9 mg/dL to 1.2 mg/dL at 1 month. Device-related adverse events were limited and included 2 cases of cholecystitis. One stent migrated following radiation therapy. Conclusions. The WallFlex Biliary fully covered stent yielded technically successful placement with uncomplicated acute removal where required, appropriate reduction in bilirubin levels, and low rates of stent migration and occlusion. This SEMS allows successful palliation of malignant extrahepatic biliary obstruction.
A curriculum framework for evolving an information technology program

Curriculum development is always a challenging and interesting experience since it usually must be done while continuing to teach and support an existing curriculum. This paper outlines a methodology for the creation of a new information technology major at the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York. The methodology uses the notion of a three-course thread of existing courses that typically have a shared prerequisite structure. Over time, these threads can evolve as new courses and new threads are developed. The new West Point Information Technology major consists of a four-course core curriculum, multiple three-course threads, and a senior-level integrative experience. Information technology threads cover a wide range of topics in depth, including such diverse subjects as sensors, computer programming, information assurance, electrical engineering fundamentals, computer science fundamentals, computer theory, information systems engineering, databases, network and web technologies, and human factors. Students are allowed to select three threads.
Type III machines of pathogenic yersiniae secrete virulence factors into the extracellular milieu

Gram-negative bacteria use type III machines to inject toxic proteins into the cytosol of eukaryotic cells. Pathogenic Yersinia species export 14 Yop proteins by the type III pathway and some of these, named effector Yops, are targeted into macrophages, thereby preventing phagocytosis and allowing bacterial replication within lymphoid tissues. Hitherto, YopB/YopD were thought to insert into the plasma membrane of macrophages and to promote the import of effector Yops into the eukaryotic cytosol. We show here that the type III machines of yersiniae secrete three proteins into the extracellular milieu (YopB, YopD and YopR). Although intrabacterial YopD is required for the injection of toxins into eukaryotic cells, secreted YopB, YopD and YopR are dispensable for this process. Nevertheless, YopB, YopD and YopR are essential for the establishment of Yersinia infections in a mouse model system, suggesting that type III secretion machines function to deliver virulence factors into the extracellular milieu also.
Performance of precoded OFDM with channel estimation error

Pair-wise error probability (PEP) is analyzed in the presence of channel estimation error (CEE) for group linear constellation precoded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (GLCP-OFDM). It is observed that the CEE does not reduce the diversity order but contributes to a loss of coding gain. Furthermore, the proposed optimal power allocation scheme based on the derived PEP has performance that converges to the performance with perfect channel state information when the number of subcarriers to the channel length ratio increases.
CAD model robustness assessment and repair

The transfer of CAD data among different CAD systems or subsequent downstream analysis applications is critically important to the acceleration of the product development cycle. Since each vendor has its own proprietary native file format, this transfer of data among differing systems is difficult at best. A proposed solution to the transfer problem was the development of agreed upon standard neutral file formats, such as IGES or STEP. However, each vendor writes its own "flavor" of IGES and STEP files that other applications may not understand. The research presented in this dissertation bridges a gap between these systems by taking a native IGES or STEP file and either repairing the data or adding missing information so that a downstream application can properly interpret the model. This ensures that the receiving system gets a full and accurate NURB S-based representation: the original surfaces, the corresponding full complement of model space trim curves, and the corresponding full complement of parameter space trim curves. With all the information present, the receiving system can select the needed pieces to reconstruct the model.
Pharmacological Treatments for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Will Emerging Approaches Yield New Treatments?

Pharmacological Treatments for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Will Emerging Approaches Yield New Treatments?
Safety Factors and Reliability: Deterministic Actual Stress & Random Yield Stress

In the previous chapter we studied the case in which the actual stress was treated as a random variable, while the yield stress was considered as a deterministic quantity. In this report we investigate the reverse case, namely, when the actual stress is deterministic, while the yield stress is treated as a random variable. Various probability densities to model the actual behavior of the structural element in question are considered.
Utp14 Recruits and Activates the RNA Helicase Dhr1 To Undock U3 snoRNA from the Preribosome

In eukaryotic ribosome biogenesis, U3 snoRNA base pairs with the pre-rRNA to promote its processing. However, U3 must be removed to allow folding of the central pseudoknot, a key feature of the small subunit. Previously, we showed that the DEAH/RHA RNA helicase Dhr1 dislodges U3 from the pre-rRNA. DHR1 can be linked to UTP14, encoding an essential protein of the preribosome, through genetic interactions with the rRNA methyltransferase Bud23. Here, we report that Utp14 regulates Dhr1. Mutations within a discrete region of Utp14 reduced interaction with Dhr1 that correlated with reduced function of Utp14. These mutants accumulated Dhr1 and U3 in a pre-40S particle, mimicking a helicase-inactive Dhr1 mutant. This similarity in the phenotypes led us to propose that Utp14 activates Dhr1. Indeed, Utp14 formed a complex with Dhr1 and stimulated its unwinding activity in vitro. Moreover, the utp14 mutants that mimicked a catalytically inactive dhr1 mutant in vivo showed reduced stimulation of unwinding activity in vitro. Dhr1 binding to the preribosome was substantially reduced only when both Utp14 and Bud23 were depleted. Thus, Utp14 is bifunctional; together with Bud23, it is needed for stable interaction of Dhr1 with the preribosome, and Utp14 activates Dhr1 to dislodge U3.
The precipitability of two modified proteins.

SummaryConditions have been studied for the simulation of specific precipitins. The factors which have been shown to operate may explain earlier reports of antibody production from yeast. It is suggested that some of the variability observed in conventional immunological test may have, at least in part, a similar basis in the effect of conditions of the tests upon the precipitability of the proteinaceous antigens.