cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Binding of alcohols by soy protein in aqueous solutions

Interactions of alcohols with soy protein isolate were investigated using an equilibrium dialysis method. It was found that interactions may involve hydrophobic association and, to some degree, hydrogen bonding. Studies with soy protein with various levels of denaturation indicated that denaturation of the protein by heating may limit its ability for the formation of hydrogen bonds with alcohols. The proteins under investigation exhibited practically unlimited binding capacity for alcohols.
Reproductive hormone concentrations during estrus, pregnancy, and pseudopregnancy in the Labrador bitch☆☆☆

Abstract Serum luteinizing hormone (LH), estrone, estradiol-17β, and progesterone were measured during the estrous cycle, pregnancy and parturition in seven adult pregnant Labrador bitches and during the estrous cycle and one gestation length equivalent in six adult pseudopregnant bitches. Although the duration of proestrus was similar in both groups, the duration of estrus was longer in the bitches that subsequently became pregnant. Mean serum LH concentrations were similar in both groups during most of the study. However, during Weeks 6 to 9 after the preovulatory LH peak, serum LH concentration was higher in both pseudopregnant and pregnant groups of animals and declined to basal levels thereafter. Mean serum estrone concentrations in the pregnant animals were higher than those of pseudopregnant animals and remained elevated throughout gestation, followed by a decline at whelping. Serum estradiol-17β levels were higher during the 4 wkimmediately following ovulation in the pseudopregnant group compared with those observed in pregnant animals. Serum progesterone concentrations generally remained higher during pseudopregnancy compared with those of the pregnant animals during gestation. In conclusion, a major difference between pregnant and pseudopregnant bitches is a pregnancy-specific elevation in estrone levels. The placenta may be a likely source of estrone during pregnancy.
High threshold voltage in GaN MOS-HEMTs modulated by fluorine plasma and gate oxide

AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) have great potential for the next generation of power electronics. In this application, enhancement-mode (E-mode) metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) HEMTs with a threshold voltage (Vth) ~ 3 V are highly desirable as they allow simpler circuits and fail-safe operation. However, it has been recently shown that the Vth in GaN MOS-HEMT structures does not typically increase by increasing the gate oxide thickness, due to the presence of positive interface charges and oxide bulk charges [1]. On the other hand, a high Vth was reported in fluorinated MOS-HEMTs (~5 V) [2], although no analysis or explanation have been presented for this behavior. There is, therefore, a need for a systematic study of the Vth in fluorinated MOS-HEMTs. In this work, E-mode fluorinated MOS-HEMTs were realized with a Vth higher than 3 V and a Vth increasing with the gate oxide thickness and fluorine plasma time. A comprehensive analytical model for Vth was proposed for fluorinated MOS-HEMTs for the first time and was verified by experimental data. Moreover, fluoride-induced negative bulk charge inside the oxide layer was demonstrated to significantly contribute to the high Vth. This suggests that the fluorine plasma treatment is a promising technique to facilitate a high Vth for E-mode MOS-HEMTs.
Optical materials: nanowire lasers go organic.

With templates, it is possible to make large arrays of polymer nanostructures with adjustable shapes and sizes. Researchers are now adopting these techniques to make compact, subwavelength, polymer nanowire lasers.
Two-way coupling of rigid and deformable bodies

We propose a framework for the full two-way coupling of rigid and deformable bodies, which is achieved with both a unified time integration scheme as well as individual two-way coupled algorithms at each point of that scheme. As our algorithm is two-way coupled in every fashion, we do not require ad hoc methods for dealing with stability issues or interleaving parts of the simulation. We maintain the ability to treat the key desirable aspects of rigid bodies (e.g. contact, collision, stacking, and friction) and deformable bodies (e.g. arbitrary constitutive models, thin shells, and self-collisions). In addition, our simulation framework supports more advanced features such as proportional derivative controlled articulation between rigid bodies. This not only allows for the robust simulation of a number of new phenomena, but also directly lends itself to the design of deformable creatures with proportional derivative controlled articulated rigid skeletons that interact in a life-like way with their environment.
Spurious assessment of acid-base status due to dilutional effect of heparin

A patient was encountered in whom clinically significant spurious hypocapnia and hypobicarbonatemia were diagnosed resulting from the dilutional effect of excessive amounts of sodium heparin solution in the blood sample. This report presents the relevant data in this patient, summarizes the effects of heparin on the determination of the acid-base status, and provides suggestions for avoiding this important pitfall in clinical practice.
The analysis of Quicksort programs

The Quicksort sorting algorithm and its best variants are presented and analyzed. Results are derived which make it possible to obtain exact formulas describing the total expected running time of particular implementations on real computers of Quicksort and an improvement called the median-of-three modification. Detailed analysis of the effect of an implementation technique called loop unwrapping is presented. The paper is intended not only to present results of direct practical utility, but also to illustrate the intriguing mathematics which arises in the complete analysis of this important algorithm.
Distribution of Bim determines Mcl-1 dependence or codependence with Bcl-xL/Bcl-2 in Mcl-1–expressing myeloma cells

Dependence on Bcl-2 proteins is a common feature of cancer cells and provides a therapeutic opportunity. ABT-737 is an antagonist of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins and therefore is a good predictor of Bcl-xL/Bcl-2 dependence. Surprisingly, analysis of Mcl-1–dependent multiple myeloma cell lines revealed codependence on Bcl-2/Bcl-xL in half the cells tested. Codependence is not predicted by the expression level of antiapoptotic proteins, rather through interactions with Bim. Consistent with these findings, acquired resistance to ABT-737 results in loss of codependence through redistribution of Bim to Mcl-1. Overall, these results suggest that complex interactions, and not simply expression patterns of Bcl-2 proteins, need to be investigated to understand Bcl-2 dependence and how to better use agents, such as ABT-737.
Nonlinear model reduction for unsteady discontinuous flows

Abstract We develop a new nonlinear reduced-order model (ROM) based on proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), which can be used for quantitative simulation of not only smooth flows, but also flows with strong discontinuities. The new model is derived using a Galerkin projection of the fully conservative, nonlinear discretized 2-D Euler equations onto the POD basis constructed for each conservative variable. This approach can be interpreted as a variant of the spectral method with a truncated set of basis functions. A system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) derived using this model reduction technique resembles the major nonlinear and conservation properties of the original discretized Euler equations. The new reduced-order model also preserves the stability properties of the discrete full-order model equations, so that no additional stabilization is required unlike conventional POD-based models that are susceptible to numerical instabilities. The performance of the new POD ROM is evaluated for 2-D compressible unsteady inviscid flows over a wide range of Mach numbers including trans- and supersonic flows with strong shock waves.
Sonographic Evaluation of Interstitial (Cornual) Ectopic Pregnancy

Interstitial ectopic pregnancy, also referred to as a cornual ectopic pregnancy, is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy. The sonographic appearance of interstitial ectopic pregnancy is complex and var...
Lattice gas automata for simple and complex fluids

We review some recent applications of lattice gas automata, including flow through porous media, phase transitions, thermodydrodynamics, and magnetohydrodynamics.
Septic cavernous sinus thrombosis

Although septic cavernous sinus thrombosis represents a rare cerebral vascular event, the morbidity and mortality can be profound. Diagnosis of this disease remains challenging, despite recent advances in imaging technology. We present a 71-year-old man who presented with symptoms of retro-orbital pain, swelling and a recent history of being treated for bacterial sinusitis. An initial non-contrast head computed tomography showed a dilated, hyperdense appearance of his left superior ophthalmic vein, with subsequent magnetic resonance imaging suggestive of bilateral ophthalmic vein thrombosis likely from cavernous sinus origin. The patient had blood cultures positive for Streptococcus anginosus, and was successfully treated with several weeks of i.v. antibiotics and anticoagulation.
Forward image mapping

We present a novel forward image mapping algorithm, which speeds up perspective warping, as in texture mapping. It processes the source image in a special scanline order instead of the normal raster scanline order. This special scanline has the property of preserving parallelism when projecting to the target image. The algorithm reduces the complexity of perspective-correct image warping by eliminating the division per pixel and replacing it with a division per scanline. The method also corrects the perspective distortion in Gouraud shading with negligible overhead. Furthermore, the special scanline order is suitable for antialiasing using a more accurate antialiasing conic filter, with minimum additional cost. The algorithm is highlighted by incremental calculations and optimized memory bandwidth by reading each source pixel only once, suggesting a potential hardware implementation.
2010 OIC Manufacturing Problem

The problem selected for this conference was a step filter, which will display the manufacturing capabilities available to the participants and is not unlike problems that need to be solved in the telecom industry.
Cooled grating array spectrometer for 0.6-5 microns

A grating spectrometer, designed to illuminate an array of 122 InSb photodiodes with minimum aberrations and maximum speed, has been constructed. The instrument will be used on the 5 meter Hale telescope at Palomar Observatory, and is easily adaptable to telescopes of various focal ratios. A resolving power of 100-1000 can be obtained at wavelengths between 0.6 microns and 5 microns with remotely interchangeable gratings. The spectrometer is sufficiently compact to fit on the 8-inch work surface of a commercially available dewar, and uses simple on-axis spherical and paraboloidal optical elements. The camera mirror produces an f/2.5 beam which, with the 0.2 mm detectors, allows a 3-in. focal-plane aperture on the 5 meter telescope. All rays fall within a 100 microns blur circle at all points along the array. Distortions have been corrected with a tilted field flattening lens in front of the detector.
Information Personalization in a Two-Dimensional Product Differentiation Model

We use a game-theoretic model to examine how information personalization by firms interacts with different dimensions of product differentiation (namely, horizontal and vertical differentiation). We consider the possibility that consumers attach different importance to various types of product differentiation, and report the equilibrium in terms of the "quality-fit" ratio, which measures the relative strength of preference for quality compared to preference for product fit and is a function of the cost of quality and the cost of product misfit. We also consider how different market structures (whether firms are similar or differentiated on the horizontal dimension ex ante) lead to different equilibriums when firms adopt personalization. We show that personalization by one firm leads to higher profits for both firms if product quality and misfit costs are high and the firms offer similar products ex ante. On the other hand, if firms offer differentiated products, personalization is profitable only if the effectiveness of the personalization technology is high or if both product quality and misfit costs are low. We also highlight conditions under which investments in personalization and product quality can be complements or substitutes to each other. Finally, we show that a firm can respond to a competitor's personalization by either increasing (aggressive response) or decreasing (defensive response) investments in its own quality. Our results provide insights to managers on when to invest in personalization technologies and how to adjust their investments in product quality after the firm (or its competitor) adopts personalization.
Practical Reason within and across Disciplinary Borders: A Response to Longhofer and Floersch.

Longhofer and Floersch argue for more expansive thinking about the modes of social science research predominant in contemporary social work science. This commentary concurs with aspects of their article that we see as compatible both with social work aims and with current trends and imperatives in research and practice, including mixed methods and participatory studies, translational research, the scholarship of engagement, and rapidly emerging interest in collective impact. At the same time, it encourages the authors to extend their analyses by grounding them more thoroughly in the specifics of contemporary social work research, encouraging collective dialogue about the implications of their proposals, and recognizing that contemporary transdisciplinary and translational research endeavors are typically more fully aligned with these proposals than this article allows.
Interphase action of vinblastine and vincristine: differences in their lethal action through the mitotic cycle of cultured mammalian cells.

Vinblastine and vincristine, agents which cause arrest of cells in mitosis, have been examined for their effect on the survival of synchonously growing HeLa and Chinese hamster cells. At concentrations higher than those sufficient to induce mitotic arrest, both agents were found to exert a differential lethal action depending upon the position of the cells in interphase. Cells exposed for a short time (3 hours) to 0.3 μg/ml of vinblastine are more sensitive in S and in late G1 than those in other parts of G1 or in G2. Cells exposed to vincristine (0.1 μ/ml) show only the S phase sensitivity. These difference reflect variations in the survival curves for the two drugs in different phases of the cycle. Cells exposed for a short time to lethal doses of either agent during the S phase proceed at a normal rate to mitosis where they are then arrested irreversibly. In addition, vinblastine causes an immediate interphase death by lysis of cells treated in late G1.
Geophysical Finite-Element Simulation Tool (GeoFEST): Algorithms and Validation for Quasistatic Regional Faulted Crust Problems

GeoFEST (Geophysical Finite Element Simulation Tool) is a two- and three-dimensional finite element software package for the modeling of solid stress and strain in geophysical and other continuum domain applications. It is one of the featured high-performance applications of the NASA QuakeSim project. The program is targeted to be compiled and run on UNIX systems, and is running on diverse systems including sequential and message-passing parallel systems. Solution to the elliptical partial differential equations is obtained by finite element basis sampling, resulting in a sparse linear system primarily solved by conjugate gradient iteration to a tolerance level; on sequential systems a Crout factorization for the direct inversion of the linear system is also supported. The physics models supported include isotropic linear elasticity and both Newtonian and power-law viscoelasticity, via implicit quasi-static time stepping. In addition to triangular, quadrilateral, tetrahedral and hexahedral continuum elements, GeoFEST supports split-node faulting, body forces, and surface tractions. This software and related mesh refinement strategies have been validated on a variety of test cases with rigorous comparison to analytical solutions. These include a box-shaped domain with imposed motion on one surface, a pair of strike slip faults in stepover arrangement, and two community-agreed benchmark cases: a strike slip fault in an enclosing box, and a quarter-domain circular fault problem. Scientific applications of the code include the modeling of static and transient co- and post-seismic earth deformation, Earth response to glacial, atmospheric and hydrological loading, and other scenarios involving the bulk deformation of geologic media.
Borderline personality traits and disorder: Predicting prospective patient functioning

Objective Decisions about the composition of personality assessment in DSM-V will be heavily influenced by the clinical utility of candidate constructs. This study addressed one aspect of clinical utility by testing the incremental validity of five-factor model personality traits and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) symptoms for predicting prospective patient functioning.
Vibrating skyrmions (II). Quantum corrections to masses

Abstract Previous work in the properties of quantum stabilized chiral solitons is extended to include first-order quantum corrections to masses. The results are in good agreement with observed values for the nucleon and delta masses and their radial excitations. g A is also calculated and is in excellent agreement with the known value.
Collection of trace amounts of DNA/mRNA molecules using genomagnetic nanocapturers.

The collection and then the separation of rare DNA/mRNA targets with single-base mismatches in a complex matrix is critically important in human disease diagnostics, gene expression studies, and gene profiling. The major result of this work is the development and application of a novel genomagnetic nanocapturer (GMNC) for the collection, separation, and detection of trace amounts of DNA/RNA molecules with one single-base difference. The GMNC is constructed by bioconjugating molecular beacon DNA probes onto magnetic nanoparticle surfaces. We have successfully applied the GMNC in artificial buffer solution samples and in cancer cell samples, both containing different proteins and random DNA sequences. Our method has three distinctly useful features: highly efficient collection of trace amount of DNA/mRNA samples down to femtomolar (10-15 M) concentrations; excellent ability to differentiate single-base-mismatched DNA/mRNA samples by combining the exceptional specificity of molecular beacons and the separat...
CH Stands for Cheese, Right? A Swiss Culture Class and the National Standards.

Culture has always been a part of foreign language learning. However, in recent years, more and more language professors advocate placing culture at the center of our classes. The question of just how to teach culture remains a topic of debate. This paper describes the reworking of a traditional German grammar and reading course into a class that integrates grammar, literature, non-fiction texts, and cultural presentations in order to teach students explicitly about Swiss cultural products and practices. The effectiveness of the reworked course is assessed through pre- and post-tests of factual knowledge of and attitudes toward Switzerland. The redesigned class serves as a model for incorporation of the ACTFL National Standards into an advanced German language course.
An explanation of the pyroxene geotherm based on plume convection in the upper mantle

Abstract Temperatures in the earth's upper mantle have recently been determined by the application of pyroxene geothermometry to ultramafic xenoliths in South African kimberlite pipes. The geotherm predicted by this technique shows a large and unexpected increase in geothermal gradient at a depth of about 170 km. Steady-state transport of heat through the lithosphere seems incapable of explaining this behavior. We suggest that transient heating of a rigid lithosphere moving over a plume in the upper mantle provides a possible explanation for the shape of this geotherm. A solution for the thermal structure of a cylindrical, upper-mantle plume with transient heat conduction into a lithosphere moving over the plume has been obtained numerically. By appropriately locating the kimberlite pipe, good agreement between the pyroxene geotherm and the calculated geotherm is obtained. It is concluded that the pyroxene geotherm is consistent with plume convection in the upper mantle.
Propagating structures in wall-bounded turbulent flows

The Karhunen-Loeve (K-L) procedure for generating the empirical eigenfunctions is used to analyze two turbulent channel flow simulations of different geometry and origins. In one instance the Reynolds number ReT based on wall shear velocity, u r, and channel halfwidth, δ, is 80 and in the second instance ReT = 125. The latter case showed a well defined log-layer, while this was absent in the former case. According to accepted convention, the turbulence is said to be continuous when Rer = 80, and fully developed when Rer = 125. In both instances the empirical eigenfunctions reveal the presence of propagating plane wave structures. Thus the contrasts in the two cases is of some importance since they virtually eliminate the possibility that the waves are artifacts.
Veratridine-enhanced persistent sodium current induces bursting in CA1 pyramidal neurons

Abstract The mechanism of veratridine-induced bursting activity was studied in rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. Veratridine (0.1-0.3 μM) induces bursting in previously normal pyramidal neurons. The current-voltage curves of untreated neurons show a slight deviation from the linear Ohmic relation; this deviation is known as the “depolarizing rectification”. Veratridine markedly accentuates the depolarizing rectification so that a zero slope or negative slope appears in the current-voltage curve of these neurons. Both the veratridine-induced bursting activity and negative slope resistance are blocked by small concentrations of tetrodotoxin or by raising the calcium concentration of the superfusion medium. Under single-electrode voltage clamping, a subthreshold persistent (slowly inactivating) sodium current, which can be recorded in untreated neurons, is found to be enhanced in the veratridine-treated neurons. This current is thought to be responsible for the slow depolarizing phase of bursting activity and the development of negative slope resistance in the current-voltage relationship. The present results demonstrate that veratridine enhances the slowly inactivating sodium current, leading to the development of negative slope resistance and induction of bursting in rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons.
Cranial osteology of the African gerrhosaurid Angolosaurus skoogi (Squamata; Gerrhosauridae)

Abstract Phylogenetic relationships both within and between the scincomorph families Gerrhosauridae and Cordylidae are in need of re‐examination. Currently the basal gerrhosaurid is unknown, although Angolosaurus skoogi previously was proposed as the sister taxon to mainland African gerrhosaurids. Many details of the cranial osteology of A. skoogi are also unknown because of the rarity in museum collections and elusive lifestyle of this dune‐dwelling lizard, endemic to the Namib Desert. In this study, High‐Resolution X‐ray Computed Tomography (HRXCT) was used to study in detail the cranial osteology of A. skoogi. Results of this study enabled completion of the first anatomical description of the skull and mandible of A. skoogi. Throughout the description, reference is made to a fully labeled cross‐sectional HRXCT data set, available online as supplementary material. Detailed information on cranial osteology obtained from these data can help resolve the contentious placement of A. skoogi within Gerrhosauri...
Synthesis of Macrocyclic Polymers Formed via Intramolecular Radical Trap-Assisted Atom Transfer Radical Coupling

The synthesis of cyclic polystyrene (PSt) with an alkoxyamine functionality has been accomplished by intramolecular radical coupling in the presence of a nitroso radical trap. Linear α,ω-dibrominated polystyrene, produced by the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of styrene using a dibrominated initiator, was subjected to chain-end activation via the atom transfer radical coupling (ATRC) process under pseudodilute conditions in the presence of 2-methyl-2-nitrosopropane (MNP). This radical trap-assisted, intramolecular ATRC (RTA-ATRC) produced cyclic polymers in greater than 90% yields, possessing ⟨G⟩ values in the 0.8–0.9 range as determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Thermal-induced opening of the cycles, made possible by the incorporated alkoxyamine, resulted in a return to the original apparent molecular weight, further supporting the formation of cyclic polymers in the RTA-ATRC reaction. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) provided direct confirmation of the cyclic ar...
Reverse osmosis of lactic acid fermentation broths

Lactic acid model solutions and fermentation broths were concentrated using a tubular thin-film composite reverse osmosis membrane. Flux increased linearly with applied transmembrane pressure and was relatively unaffected by flow rate. Osmotic pressures of 1% lactate solutions were 280–560 kPa, depending on the pH or degree of dissociation. Rejections increased with applied pressure. Higher pH caused a slight decrease in flux (due in part to the higher osmotic pressure) and a significant increase in rejection. Above pH 5·6, rejections of lactate and residual sugars were > 97%. In contrast, with cellulose acetate membranes, flux was generally lower and lactate rejection was proportional to the degree of dissociation at lower pressures.
Principles and techniques of drama therapy

Drama therapy can be defined as the intentional use of creative drama toward the psychotherapeutic goals of symptom relief, emotional and physical integration, and personal growth. Drama therapy, like the other creative arts therapies (art, music, and dance), is the application of a creative medium to psychotherapy. Specfitally, drama therapy refers to those activities in which there is an established, therapeutic understanding between the client and therapist and where the therapeutic goals are primary, and not incidental to the ongoing activity. Thus, creative drama in a strictly educational setting, for example, though probably helpful to the participants, should be differentiated from drama therapy. Drama therapy broadly defined includes any therapeutic use of role-playing. However, the term drama therapy is best used for those approaches which stress the appreciation of creative theatre as a medium for self-expression and playful group interaction and which base their techniques on improvisation and theatre exercises. In the past decade in the United States drama therapy has emerged as a profession which spans both creative and mental health disciplines and offers great potential for further research into the nature of theatre and interpersonal processes (Irwin, 1979; Schattner & Courtney, 1981). The current development of drama therapy is the result of many influences. Foremost among these is Jacob Moreno, whose psychodrama was the first utilization of theatre for curative purposes since early civilization (Cole, 1975; Moreno, 1945). He developed a specific, structured approach in which the client portrays himself and significant others in re-enactments of important life events. In the 195Os, pioneers of child drama such as Peter Slade (1954) and Brian Way (1969) in Great Britain, and Winifred Ward (1957) in the United States began applying theatre techniques in children’s education. They stressed the process of creative drama rather than merely the production of scripted plays. A parallel trend in child psychotherapy was occurring with the development of play therapy approaches which utilized roleplaying and pretend games (Axline, 1947; Moustakas, 1953). In the 1960s Viola Spolin (1963) and others applied many principles of creative drama and story theatre to the creation of theatre games and improvisational forms of theatre. At the same time. Jerzy Grotowski’s (1968) experiments became known in the United States. Together, these advances influenced a generation of American theatre artists such as Chaiklin (1972) and Schechner (1973), who began experimenting with new forms of theatre and increasingly focused on the experience of the actor instead of the audience. In the 1960s the social upheaval within the United States also influenced the emergence of drama therapy. New humanistic techniques which departed from traditional psychoanalytic approaches were being created, many of which used fantasy, physical activity, or role-playing. In addition, the increased sensitivity to socially deprived groups, as well as the increased scarcity
Role of the resource broker in the Grid

Today, as Grid Computing is becoming a reality, there is a need for managing and monitoring the available resources worldwide, as well as the need for conveying these resources to the everyday user. This paper describes a resource broker with its main function being to match the available resources to the user's requests. The use of the resource broker provides a uniform interface to access any of the available and appropriate resources using user's credentials. This paper discusses the process of creating the resource broker as well as provides insight into how it connects and relates to the underlying software. The resource broker runs on top of the Globus Toolkit. Therefore, it provides security and current information about the available resources and serves as a link to the diverse systems available in the Grid.
THE GROWTH PROMOTING EFFECTS OF DAMAGE IN THE DAMAGED AND CONTRALATERAL KIDNEYS OF THE MOUSE.

Damage produced by the multiple insertion of a needle into a mouse kidney results, in two days, in the stimulation of mitotic activity around the damaged areas, and in the cortex of the contralateral kidney. The mitotic activity in the contralateral kidney cortex approximates that seen after unilateral nephrectomy. Evidence is presented which suggests that the loss of kidney mass associated with the damage is not the cause of the increased mitotic activity in the damaged or contralateral kidneys. The release of stimulatingsubstances from the wound is probably required. This is in contrast to growth produced by unilateral nephrectomy where the loss of kidney mass is the initiating factor.
Real-time adaptive clustering of flow cytometric data

Abstract In dealing with massive flow cytometric data, a real-time adaptive clustering technique referred to as RTAC has been developed. This technique adopts the brain metaphor for information processing. The problem-solving structure is configured as a connectionist network. Information is encoded in the form of connection weights. The structure evolves as more data are seen by adjusting its weights, governed by a learning equation. The number of clusters need not be predefined. The algorithm is fast and robust. The results are reported from the domain of measuring the antigenic properties of blood samples. Its relations to other clustering alternatives are discussed. The technique has been validated statistically with respect to self-consistency.
"Last Tango in Paris, et al. v. The Supreme Court": The Current State of Obscenity Law.

(1975). Last Tango in Paris, et al. V. the supreme court: The current state of obscenity law. Quarterly Journal of Speech: Vol. 61, No. 3, pp. 279-289.
Spin density waves in the uniform electron gas

We have made a study of the effect of exchange and correlation on spin density waves in the uniform electron gas. In order to take these effects into account, we have used two new magnetic susceptibility formulas which we have recently derived. The first of these is the time‐dependent Hartree‐Fock (TDHF) formula which contains exchange but no correlation, while the second one is the generalized random phase approximation (GRPA) formula which contains both exchange and correlation. Both of these formulas were evaluated for the uniform electron gas. The TDHF susceptibility was found to have an absolute maximum at a nonzero value of q, while the GRPA susceptibility was found to have an absolute maximum at q = 0. This indicates that when exchange effects are included in the susceptibility, the ground state of the uniform electron gas contains a spin density wave, but when correlation effects are also included, then the spin density wave is no longer present in the ground state of the uniform electron gas.
Response characteristics of a three-dimensional thrust anemometer

This is a report on the calibration tests and the determination of the response characteristics of a thrust anemometer designed to measure the three-dimensional instantaneous wind vector. Static tests determined the instrument calibration constants and checked the linearity of the system. Dynamic tests performed in a wind tunnel established that the ‘V2’ drag law applies to the sensing system. The wind-tunnel tests also determined the range of angles for which the anemometer was capable of resolving the vector wind. Finally, the amplitude and phase frequency response characteristics were measured. It was found that knowledge of the latter was important in studying turbulence spectra and cross spectra. Some preliminary results from a recent field program are presented which document the need for correcting the amplitude and phase responses.
The other railway

Beneath the streets of London lies not only the plethora of service ducts, pipes, cables etc. necessary for any metropolis, and not only the tunnels of the LT Underground, but also another railway, operated by the Post Office
The view from city hall: Local perceptions of intergovernmental fiscal relations in the Czech Republic

Abstract This article analyzes perceptions of inter-governmental fiscal relations as held by local officials of the Czech Republic. The field study probes local perceptions of progress toward fiscal decentralization in the Czech Republic. A statistical analysis is based on a scaling of cities according to size and according to a generalized, multi-part measure of fiscal autonomy. This measure is effective in discriminating high and low autonomy cities by size, types of expenditures, and funding sources. Cities of diverse sizes are divided into groups reflecting perceptions of greater or lesser autonomy. The implications of the findings are discussed.
Metazoan cell biology of the HOPS tethering complex

Membrane fusion with vacuoles, the lysosome equivalent of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is among the best understood membrane fusion events. Our precise understanding of this fusion machinery stems from powerful genetics and elegant in vitro reconstitution assays. Central to vacuolar membrane fusion is the multi-subunit tether the HO motypic fusion and Protein Sorting (HOPS) complex, a complex of proteins that organizes other necessary components of the fusion machinery. We lack a similarly detailed molecular understanding of membrane fusion with lysosomes or lysosome-related organelles in metazoans. However, it is likely that fundamental principles of how rabs, SNAREs and HOPS tethers work to fuse membranes with lysosomes and related organelles are conserved between Saccharomyces cerevisiae and metazoans. Here, we discuss emerging differences in the coat-dependent mechanisms that govern HOPS complex subcellular distribution between Saccharomyces cerevisiae and metazoans. These differences reside upstream of the membrane fusion event. We propose that the differences in how coats segregate class C Vps/HOPS tethers to organelles and domains of metazoan cells are adaptations to complex architectures that characterize metazoan cells such as those of neuronal and epithelial tissues.
A study of VLF field strength data: Both old and new

Employing some old data ofRound et al. and the recent data ofHeritage et al., attenuation rates at VLF are deduced. For middle latitudes, day-time rates of less than 2 db per 1000 km of path length are not uncommon. These are in general accord with values derived from spheric waveforms and they are compatible with mode theory. An extensive bibliography is appended.
A Study of Rib Biopsy

A retrospective study of one decade of rib biopsy in four hospitals in Nashville, Tenn, showed 61 biopsies were done in 60 patients. The typical patient was a male in his seventh decade. Preferred operative technique was open biopsy with general anesthesia. One half of the patients had metastatic malignancy; most of the known primary tumors were lung cancer. About one fifth of specimens were normal ribs. Biopsy was done in nine of these because of false-positive scintigraphy. Accurate preoperative chest wall localization is critical in order to minimize intraoperative decision-making problems. Yield of rib biopsy should be increased by more careful clinical observation, including critical evaluation of bone scans, avoiding overinterpretation of physical findings and observing for healing of possible rib fractures.
Proximity effects and triplet correlations in ferromagnet/ferromagnet/ superconductor nanostructures

We report the results of a study of superconducting proximity effects in clean ferromagnet/ferromagnet/superconductor (${\mathrm{F}}_{1}{\mathrm{F}}_{2}\mathrm{S}$) heterostructures, where the pairing state in S is a conventional singlet $s$-wave. We numerically find the self-consistent solutions of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) equations and use these solutions to calculate the relevant physical quantities. By linearizing the BdG equations, we obtain the superconducting transition temperatures ${T}_{c}$ as a function of the angle $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ between the exchange fields in ${\mathrm{F}}_{1}$ and ${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$. We find that the results for ${T}_{c}(\ensuremath{\alpha})$ in ${\mathrm{F}}_{1}{\mathrm{F}}_{2}\mathrm{S}$ systems are clearly different from those in ${\mathrm{F}}_{1}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{F}}_{2}$ systems, where ${T}_{c}$ monotonically increases with $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ and is highest for antiparallel magnetizations. Here, ${T}_{c}(\ensuremath{\alpha})$ is in general a nonmonotonic function, and often has a minimum near $\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{\approx}{80}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$. For certain values of the exchange field and layer thicknesses, the system exhibits reentrant superconductivity with $\ensuremath{\alpha}$: it transitions from superconducting to normal, and then returns to a superconducting state again with increasing $\ensuremath{\alpha}$. This phenomenon is substantiated by a calculation of the condensation energy. We compute, in addition to the ordinary singlet pair amplitude, the induced odd triplet pairing amplitudes. The results indicate a connection between equal-spin triplet pairing and the singlet pairing state that characterizes ${T}_{c}$. We find also that the induced triplet amplitudes can be very long ranged in both the S and F sides and characterize their range. We discuss the average density of states for both the magnetic and the S regions, and its relation to the pairing amplitudes and ${T}_{c}$. The local magnetization vector, which exhibits reverse proximity effects, is also investigated.
Effect of Mn on growth, modulation, and nitrogen fixation by soybeans grown in the greenhouse

Abstract Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv Bragg) plants were grown in the greenhouse using a low‐Mn Leefield sand amended with 0, 2.5, 5, 20 and 50 yg Mn/g. The plants were inoculated and were primarily dependent on symbiotically fixed N. Measurements of DTPA‐extractable soil Mn, soil pH, leaf tissue Mn, top weight, top N content, and nodule weight, volume and number were made at 27, 42, 56, 63 and 69 days after planting. The DTPA extrac‐tant was a good predictor of leaf tissue Mn giving a highly significant (P = 0.01) overall correlation coefficient of 0.704 for this comparison. Because of an unexpected decline in soil pH from 6.8 to 6.0 and an associated increase in DTPA‐extractable Mn from 0.14 to 0.24 yg/g during preparation and handling prior to the first harvest time, Mn in the leaf tissue of the controls was never less than 21 yg/g. Since this concentration of Mn is above the deficient level, no significant responses in top growth, nitrogen fixation or nodule measurements were obtained from the a...
One or Many? Commentary on Paper by Debra Rothschild

This discussion of Rothschild's case history of a multiple personality disorder (MPD) treatment situates the issue of integration versus multiple self states in terms of cultural values, psychoanalytic theory, and transference–countertransference experience of MPD patients and therapists. Views from autobiographies of multiple personalities are included, and some questions are raised about the relationship of “parts” to traumatic experience: When, and for whom, is integration a treatment goal? When is dissociation a characterological defense, and when do the parts each hold separate traumatic knowledge? How does this question bear on treatment—what gets integrated, the knowledge or the parts? Are termination and integration simultaneous? A recommendation is offered for a wider, more complex view of narrative and historicity in the understanding of narrative reconstruction. A concrete focus on veridicality can be a defense against the overwhelming nature of traumatic experience. A final view is offered whi...
Back to original frugality

We review recent research on frugality of mechanisms for the procurement of a spanning network. Frugality here is defined as the ratio of the maximum price that can be charged to the buyer in some equilibrium to the true minimal cost. Previous negative results are qualified under natural restrictions in costs.
Admissibility of the natural estimator of the mean of a Gaussian process

Abstract Let { X ( t ): t ∈ [ a , b ]} be a Gaussian process with mean μ ∈ L 2 [ a , b ] and continuous covariance K ( s , t ). When estimating μ under the loss ∫ a b (μ(t)−μ(t)) 2 dt the natural estimator X is admissible if K is unknown. If K is known, X is minimax with risk ∫ a b K ( t , t ) dt and admissible if and only if the three by three matrix whose entries are K ( t i , t j ) has a determinant which vanishes identically in t i ∈ [ a , b ], i = 1, 2, 3.
“REVERSE DISCRIMINATION” CASES IN THE FEDERAL COURTS: Legal Mobilization by a Countermovement

This article argues that those opposing affirmative action and reverse discrimination constitute a countermovement, working against the social movement for equal employment opportunity (EEO). Like women and minorities promoting EEO, opponents of reverse discrimination utilize litigation as a social movement tactic, mobilizing federal EEO laws. This study analyzes judicial decisions in EEO reverse discrimination cases between 1965 and 1985 to test four hypotheses about countermovement legal mobilization: that (1) many cases reach court, (2) plaintiffs are highly organized, (3) organization relates to success in court, (4) and plaintiffs win. Contrary to expectations, few reverse discrimination cases occur, and plaintiffs are not well-organized and usually lose; better-organized plaintiffs meet more success but there are few of them. The cases provide little evidence that reverse discrimination is widespread.
Abnormal proteins serve as eukaryotic stress signals and trigger the activation of heat shock genes

Heat shock protein (hsp) genes, a group of ubiquitous genes, are activated by various metabolic stresses. The suggestion that denaturation of intracellular proteins may be produced by the metabolic stresses and then signal the activation of the hsp genes was examined by co-injection of purified proteins and hsp genes into frog oocytes. Activation of hsp genes was observed if the proteins were denatured prior to injection but not if they were introduced in their native form. Furthermore, the activation of hsp genes by abnormal proteins and by heat shock appears to occur by a common mechanism. A model for the transcriptional regulation of the genes is based on competition for degradation between abnormal intracellular proteins and a labile regulatory factor.
Balancing Breadth and Specialized Training in Doctoral Education: (How) Can We Do It Effectively?

The existence and role of focused or specialized training experiences in doctoral training programs is an ongoing debate. Although accreditation guidelines specify that at the predoctoral level, training is broad and general, there is a diversity of opinion about the feasibility and wisdom of limiting predoctoral training to a broad and general level. Perry and Boccaccini (2009) present a study that documents the majority of accredited clinical psychology graduate programs self-identify on their websites as providing specialized training experiences and discusses several issues that this raises for the training community. This commentary adds to Perry and Boccaccini’s thoughtful remarks by discussing implications of their data and the challenges that the clinical training community must address as active participants in the evolution of specialized training experiences in doctoral education.
Respiratory Metabolism of Gizzard Shad

Abstract Rates of oxygen consumption of 48 gizzard shad, Dorosoma cepedianum, were measured in a flow-through respirometer under naturally occurring variations in photoperiod and water temperature. Body length and time of day had little effect on the observed metabolic rates. The best regression fit of the daily routine metabolic rates (R, mg O2/day) of unfed fish and the independent variables of wet body weight (W, 0.7–256.9 g) and temperature (T, 9.1–24.5 C) was: R = 0.5207W0.4831T1.6117; R2 (multiple correlation) = 0.63. High lipid content of older fish, especially in late summer and fall, may account for the low weight exponent in the equation.
More than meets the eye: the 'pink salmon patch'.

Ocular adnexal lymphomas account for 1–2% of all non-Hodgkin9s lymphomas. Conjunctiva is the primary site of involvement in one-third of cases. We present a case of a 47-year-old Hispanic woman who presented with left eye itching and irritation associated with a painless pink mass. Physical examination revealed the presence of a ‘pink salmon-patch’ involving her left medial conjunctiva. Orbital CT showed a subcentimeter left preseptal soft tissue density. Biopsy revealed a dense subepithelial lymphoid infiltrate comprised predominantly of B cells that did not coexpress CD5 or CD43. These findings were consistent with B-cell marginal zone lymphoma. Further staging assessment did not reveal disseminated disease. She had stage 1E extranodal marginal zone lymphoma as per Ann Arbor staging system. She received external beam radiotherapy to her left eye with complete resolution of the lymphoma in 2 months and continues to remain tumour free at 8-month follow-up. She will be followed up closely for development of any local (unilateral or contralateral eye) or systemic recurrence in the long run.