cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Sperm/egg interaction: The specificity of human spermatozoa

Human spermatozoa display unusually limited affinities in their interaction with oocytes of other species. They adhered to and, when capacitated, penetrated the vestments of the oocyte of an ape--the gibbon, Hylobates lar--both in vivo and in vitro. On the other hand, human spermatozoa would not even attach to the zona surface of sub-hominoid primate (baboon, rhesus monkey, squirrel monkey), nor to the non-primate eutherian oocytes tested. Among the apes the gibbon stands furthest from man. Thus, although the specificity of human spermatozoa is not confined to man alone, it probably is restricted to the Hominoidea. This study also suggests that the evolution of man and perhaps the other hominids has been accompanied by a restrictive change in the nature of the sperm surface which has limited and made more specific the complementary surface to which their spermatozoa may adhere. For the failure of human spermatozoa to attach to the zona surface of all non-hominoid oocytes stands in contrast to the behaviour of spermatozoa of the several other mammals studied which, in most combinations, adhered readily to foreign oocytes, including those of man. Taxonomically, the demonstration of a compatibility between the gametes of man and gibbon, not shared with cercopithecids, constitutes further evidence for inclusion of the Hylobatidae within the Hominoidea.
Country Cookin’ and Cross-Dressin’ Television, Southern White Masculinities, and Hierarchies of Cultural Taste

This article investigates Cookin’ Cheap, a regionally produced, nationally available cooking show that mixes Southern humor with overtly cheap recipe preparation. “Cheapness” (of food and cooking technique) is positioned as both nostalgia for simpler “country” values and as differentiation from slick television norms. By showing the hosts engaging in timeconsuming, often clumsy food preparation, the show pokes fun at the flawless professionalism of television cooks, reemphasizing the chaos of the domestic kitchen. Based on viewer letters, textual analysis, and ethnographic participant/observation, this article discusses the way Cookin’ Cheap makes a place for the viewer in the text, reappropriating strategies of earlier television. When the show’s hosts impersonate their aunts in unconvincing drag, they also emphasize the passing of tradition from matriarchal figures to an underexamined form of masculinity: the feminized Southern working-class man.
Rhabdoid meningioma: intraoperative diagnosis using smear preparation.

Tumors with rhabdoid morphology were first described by Beckwith and Palmer in 1978 as aggressive renal tumors in very young children. Subsequently, rhabdoid tumors and tumors with rhabdoid features have been described in many other organ systems and all tend to have a poor outcome no matter what the histogenesis of the original tumor. Rhabdoid cells are plump, with abundant eosinophilic fibrillary to hyaline cytoplasm and peripheral, vesicular, variably pleomorphic nuclei. Nucleoli are invariably present. While their morphology is well recognized in processed biopsy material, their presence on a smear preparation can be quite startling. A case is presented to highlight the appearance of rhabdoid cells on an intraoperative smear preparation of a rhabdoid meningioma. An accompanying secretory component added to the complex picture.
Substrate Binding Effects of Carbohydrate Binding Modules on the Catalytic Activity of a Multifunctional Cellulase

CelE from Clostridium thermocellum is a glycoside hydrolase family 5 enzyme that has broad specificity for hydrolysis of plant biomass polysaccharides, particularly cellulose, xylan, and mannan. A fusion of CelE with the well-studied carbohydrate binding module CBM3a was created, CelE_CBM3a, and this construct alone was able to give high-yield hydrolysis of both cellulose and hemicellulose in pretreated plant biomass. In this study, thirty-nine different CBMs from the C. thermocellum genome were fused to GFP, and the specific binding interactions of the robotic cell-free translated GFP_CBM constructs were determined with a panel of soluble and insoluble substrates. Most CBMs tested were able to bind at least one substrate, and several GFP_CBMs displayed unanticipated binding capabilities. We also asked whether these CBMs could yield different catalytic capabilities when fused to the multifunctional enzyme, CelE. Different CelE_CBM fusions were also expressed using robotic cell-free translation, and our results show that some CBMs enhanced cellulose hydrolysis through specific interaction between the CBM domain and polysaccharide. In addition, different CelE_CBM fusions gave lichenan-, xylan-, mannan-, and biomass-specific improvements in the catalytic activities. The methods described here provide a useful system that can be used to test the function of other CBM domains and to assist in the design and testing of new engineered enzyme formats.This work was supported by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER DE-FC02-07ER64494) and the University of Wisconsin-Madison's Science and Medicine Graduate Research Scholars Advanced Opportunity Fellowship (SciMed GRS AOF) Program (J.A.W.), the National Institute of General Medical Sciences Molecular Biophysics Training Program (NIH T32 GM08293, J.A.W.), and the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program (DGE-1256259 to J.A.W.).
Development of the α7 nicotinic cholinergic receptor in rat hippocampal formation

Abstract The α7 nicotinic receptor has been implicated in the regulation of a variety of developmental processes. The goal of the present study was to assess whether the α7 receptor might participate in the regulation of hippocampal ontogeny by describing the spatiotemporal development of α7 mRNA and α-bungarotoxin binding in rat hippocampal formation. Message for the α7 receptor was initially observed in the hippocampal neuroepithelium at embryonic day 13 and in the anlage of the hippocampal formation on embryonic day 14. Binding of α-bungarotoxin was initially seen on embryonic day 15 in the dorsal portion of the anlage of stratum oriens and stratum radiatum–lacunosum moleculare, but was never observed in the neuroepithelium. Dramatic elevations in both α7 mRNA and α-bungarotoxin binding were observed in most regions of the hippocampal formation neonatally. The levels of both α7 message and protein gradually decreased during the first three postnatal weeks to adult levels in most regions. The lack of α-bungarotoxin binding in the neuroepithelium suggests that the α7 receptor does not influence neurogenesis. The early appearance and complex, prolonged pattern of development of the α7 receptor suggest that it may influence processes as diverse as cell migration, dendritic elaboration and apoptosis during hippocampal maturation.
Volume contraction on photoexcitation of the reaction center from Rhodobacter sphaeroides R-26: internal probe of dielectrics.

Reaction centers of Rhodobacter sphaeroides undergo a approximately 20 A3/mole volume contraction in
Sexuality And The Social Body Between The Wars

Books reviewed in this article: Carolyn J. Dean, The Frail Social Body: Pornography, Homosexuality, And Other Fantasies In Interwar France
Changes in the Bacteriophage Sensitivity of Lactic Streptococci

Summary Twenty-three fast acid-producing pure cultures of lactic streptococci, propagated daily at 22° C. in skimmilk fortified with 0.75% nonfat milk solids, were tested periodically in litmus milk for changes in sensitivity to purified bacteriophage filtrates. The following changes occurred in the 10-mo. test period: (1) Six cultures became resistant to their homologous bacteriophages and sensitive to one bacteriophage. (2) Three resistant cultures became sensitive to one bacteriophage. (3) Six cultures became mixtures and required two bacteriophages to stop acid production. (4) Three cultures became resistant to their homologous bacteriophages and then were resistant to a mixture of those available. In all cases studied, except one, the bacteriophages were adsorbed only by sensitive cultures. The adsorption behavior of the bacteriophages, the types of change observed, and the methods used to prevent changes indicate that changes in sensitivity resulted from displacement of sensitive bacterial populations by resistant populations that arose from rare mutant bacteria. The rare mutants had a selective advantage and (in all cases except one) altered bacteriophage-adsorption characteristics (assumed to reflect changes in surface structure).
Magnetoelastic properties of very thin Co-alloy films

The magnetoelastic properties of thin longitudinal Co-alloy films were investigated by measuring the changes in the hysteresis loop during and after the application of a mechanical strain. Co, Co/sub 90/Pt/sub 10/, Co/sub 88/Cr/sub 12/, and Co/sub 78/Pt/sub 10/Cr/sub 12/ thin films, ranging in thickness and from 250 to 3000 AA, were deposited on Mylar substrates and subjected to bending strains in the 10/sup -3/ range. For all samples the coercivity, coercive squareness, and remanent squareness decreased along the tensile axis, consistent with a negative magnetostriction constant. The magnetoelastic effects were found to scale approximately as H/sub c//sup -1/. The consequences of these observations for magnetic recording-in particular, stress-induced signal loss and transition broadening-are discussed. It is pointed out that temporary application of stress on a recorded medium can have a twofold effect: a partial demagnetization of the recorded cells and a broadening of the transitions. It is estimated that, for the type of alloys investigated, both these effects should be on the order of a few percent per 1% strain for coercivities of 1000 Oe. >
A fine-structure genetic and chemical study of the enzyme alkaline phosphatase of E. Coli I. Purification and characterization of alkaline phosphatase

A procedure for purification of alkaline phosphatase from E. coli is described, and several physical-chemical propetiies of the purified enzyme are reported. When the cells are grown under the condition of phosphate deprivation, which is optimal for the synthesis of alkaline phosphatase, about 6% of the total protein synthesized is alkaline phosphatase.
Overview of the American Petroleum Institute (API) Joint Industry Task Force Subsea Dispersant Injection Project

ABSTRACT 2017-330 Oil spill response is a challenging task, especially for a deep water well release. The efficiency of mechanical recovery equipment deployed at the sea surface may be reduced due ...
A Simulation Study on Confidence Interval Procedures of Some Mean Cumulative Function Estimators

Recurrence data are collected to study the recurrent events in biological, physical, and other systems. Quantities of interest include the mean cumulative number of events and the mean cumulative cost of the events. The mean cumulative function (MCF) can be estimated using non-parametric (NP) methods or by fitting parametric models, and many procedures have been suggested to construct the confidence intervals (CIs) for the MCF. This paper summarizes the results of a large simulation study that was designed to compare five CI procedures for both NP and parametric estimation. When performing parametric estimation, we assume the power law non-homogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) model. Our results include the evaluation of these procedures when they are used for window-observation recurrence data where recurrence histories of some systems are available only in observation windows with gaps in between.
Instant gelation synthesis of 3D porous MoS2@C nanocomposites for lithium ion batteries

Three-dimensional (3D) nanoporous architectures, possessing high surface area, massive pores, and excellent structural stability, are highly desirable for many applications including catalysts and electrode materials in lithium ion batteries. However, the preparation of such materials remains a major challenge. Here, we introduce a novel method, instant gelation, for the synthesis of such materials. The as-prepared porous 3D MoS2@C nanocomposites, with layered MoS2 clusters or strips ingrained in porous and conductive 3D carbon matrix, indeed showed excellent electrochemical performance when applied as anode materials for lithium ion batteries. Its interconnected carbon network ensures good conductivity and fast electron transport; the micro-, and mesoporous nature effectively shortens the lithium ion diffusion path and provides room necessary for volume expansion. The large specific surface area is beneficial for a better contact between electrode materials and electrolyte.
Relation of streams, lakes, and wetlands to groundwater flow systems

Surface-water bodies are integral parts of groundwater flow systems. Groundwater interacts with surface water in nearly all landscapes, ranging from small streams, lakes, and wetlands in headwater areas to major river valleys and seacoasts. Although it generally is assumed that topographically high areas are groundwater recharge areas and topographically low areas are groundwater discharge areas, this is true primarily for regional flow systems. The superposition of local flow systems associated with surface-water bodies on this regional framework results in complex interactions between groundwater and surface water in all landscapes, regardless of regional topographic position. Hydrologic processes associated with the surface-water bodies themselves, such as seasonally high surface-water levels and evaporation and transpiration of groundwater from around the perimeter of surface-water bodies, are a major cause of the complex and seasonally dynamic groundwater flow fields associated with surface water. These processes have been documented at research sites in glacial, dune, coastal, mantled karst, and riverine terrains.
Accessing trigluon correlations in the nucleon via the single spin asymmetry in open charm production

We calculate the single transverse-spin asymmetry for open charm production in pp collisions within the QCD collinear factorization approach. We include contributions from both twist-three quark-gluon and tri-gluon correlation functions. We find that the quark-gluon correlation functions alone generate only a very small asymmetry for open charm production in the kinematic region of current interest at RHIC, so that the observation of any significant single-spin asymmetry would be a clear indication of the presence of tri-gluon correlations inside a polarized proton. We furthermore demonstrate that the tri-gluon contribution could be very different for the production of D and \bar{D} mesons. These features make the single spin asymmetry in open charm production in polarized pp collisions at RHIC an excellent probe of tri-gluon correlation functions.
Media and Communications Systems in the Balkans Conflicts

The Balkan conflicts of the last decade have been as much about winning the information war as defeating a physical opponent. The communications revolution has allowed the global society to become intimately involved in events it may otherwise have ignored. The main protagonists have used information much like any other weapons in their armories.1 Over time the physical confrontations have given way to politicking, but the information battles continue to be waged by all sides varying only in their intensity as they reflect the events of the moment and attempts to drive the competing agenda. The media have played and continue to play an integral role in delivering information to a wider audience and in helping to shape opinions, and possibly policies, both locally and around the world.2 Like the principal actors in these conflicts, they have also received their share of the blame for contributing to the ongoing crisis and a perceived lack of progress. Accusations of bias have been leveled from all sides at the Western press, but were they willing conspirators, acting within a framework, defined by the “dominant institutions,” or are they also victims of other forces over which they have little or no control?3 What has been the role and effect of the Balkan media?
Computational evaluation of the evidence for tri-trans-[12]annulene.

[reaction: see text] Automerization in tri-trans-[12]annulene (1) was investigated by DFT, MP2, and coupled-cluster methods. Using the highest level of theory employed here, CCSD(T)/cc-pVDZ//BHandHLYP/6-311+G(d,p), we located two low-energy pathways for degenerate conformational change from the lowest-energy conformer of 1 (1a): one with E(a) = 4.5 kcal/mol that interconverts the three inner trans hydrogens with the three outer trans hydrogens and one with E(a) = 2.7 kcal/mol that interconverts the three inner hydrogens with each other. These results are consistent with the experimental results of Oth and co-workers on [12]annulene 1a (Oth, J. F. M.; Rottele, H.; Schroder, G. Tetrahedron Lett. 1970, 61). The conformational exchange of the inner trans hydrogens with the outer ones is predicted to occur via a one-step process involving a C(2)-symmetric transition state and not via the D(3)-symmetric transition state (1b) that was postulated earlier. Conformer 1b was found to be a shallow minimum 6.7 kcal/mol above 1a with a barrier of 0.4 kcal/mol for conversion to 1a. Finally, GIAO-B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) and BHandHLYP/6-311+G(d,p) computed (1)H NMR chemical shifts of 1a and three other low-lying isomers support Oth's original assignment of observed (1)H NMR peaks to 1a at both low and high temperature.
An Introduction to Ocean Remote Sensing

For more than three decades, satellites have been observing the ocean from several hundred kilometers above the surface of the Earth. From the vantage of space, they have given us a global view of the ocean surface and its variability Satellite instruments that are in orbit today detect a broad range of ocean variables that touch on all aspects of oceanography These include sea surface temperature, surface wind velocity, chlorophyll, sea surface elevation, and ice cover, among others. The unifying element of satellite remote sensing is not just that measurements are made from space, but more specifically that satellite instruments detect electromagnetic radiation that is either emitted from or reflected off the surface of the ocean.
Relating the pore size distribution of ultrafiltration membranes to dextran rejection

Abstract The rejection of various molecular weight dextrans for two commercially available regenerated cellulose and one polyethersulfone membrane has been investigated. Experimentally determined rejection curves were compared to calculated rejection curves based on field-emission scanning electron microscopy imaging assuming that the membrane pore size distribution may be described by the log-normal distribution function. Results show relatively good agreement between calculated and experimental curves; however, the calculated curves generally predict a broader rejection curve. At lower rejection values, the actual rejection is less than calculated. Results also indicate that field-emission scanning electron microscopy, a routinely used imaging technique, may be used to estimate the rejection curve for a membrane, thus enabling more informed selection of an appropriate membrane for a given separation. The results of this work are relevant to ultrafiltration, which is used in the biotechnology industry for protein concentration and buffer exchange. The success of a given UF operation depends on efficient passage or rejection of the desired solute species in solution.
Understanding barriers to internal rotation in toluene, phenylsilane, and their cations

Threshold photoionization spectra of toluene+ and phenylsilane+ using the new pulsed field ionization technique resolve internal rotor states. As in the neutral S0 and S1 states, sixfold barriers to internal rotation are small in the cations, < 25 cm-1. Ab initio calculations support a donor-acceptor model that qualitatively explains why all sixfold barriers are small while some threefold barriers are much larger.© (1994) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Predictors of Social Skills for Preschool Children at Risk for ADHD: The Relationship between Direct and Indirect Measurements.

The relationship between direct and indirect measurements of social skills and social problem behaviors for preschool children at risk for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was examined. Participants included 137 preschool children, aged 3 to 5 years, at risk for ADHD, who were participating in a larger study examining the effects of early intervention for young children. Teachers rated the social skills and social problems of the participants. Direct observation data of participants were also collected at preschool during free play. Results support previous research on social skills assessment and suggest that indirect and direct measures may not be measuring the same aspect of social skills. Thus, a variety of evaluation tools are necessary to comprehensively assess the social skills of preschool children with social challenges.
Glycosyl-inositol derivatives I. Synthesis of 1-substituted chiro-inositol derivatives

Abstract A series of 1,2;4,5-di-Q-isopropylidene and 1,2;4,5-di- O -cyclohexylidene myo-inositols were mono-triflated with trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride. These compounds were subsequently inverted with a number of nucleophiles to provide the appropriate chiro-inositols.
Pharmacist Leadership in ICU Quality Improvement Coordinating Spontaneous Awakening and Breathing Trials

Background: Coordinating efforts across disciplines in the intensive care unit is a key component of quality improvement (QI) efforts. Spontaneous awakening trials (SATs) and spontaneous breathing trials (SBTs) are considered key components of guidelines, yet unfortunately are often not done or coordinated properly. Objective: To determine if a pharmacist-driven awakening and breathing coordination (ABC) QI program would improve compliance (ie, process measures) as compared with the previous protocol, which did not involve pharmacists. Methods: The QI program included pharmacist-led education, daily discussion on rounds, and weekly performance reports to staff. Using a pre-QI versus during-QI versus post-QI intervention design, we compared data from 500 control ventilator-days (pre-QI period) versus 580 prospective ventilator-days (during-QI period). We then evaluated the sustainability of the QI program in 216 ventilator-days in the post-QI period. Results: SAT safety screens were performed on only 20% p...
Exercise-Induced Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia in Adults Without Structural Heart Disease

Patients with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia present at a young age with exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) and may have a positive family history. We describe 8 patients who presented with exercise-induced symptoms as adults, have a negative family history, and responded to β-blocker therapy. The study evaluated exercise treadmill electrocardiographic data from patients referred for exercise-induced VA. Inclusion criteria consisted of development of bidirectional, pleomorphic, or polymorphic ventricular tachycardia with exercise, adult age at first onset, negative family history, and no evidence of structural heart disease. We correlated VA configurations with respect to heart rate before and after β-blocker therapy. Patients displayed a pattern of increasing ventricular complexity with increasing heart rate. The appropriate β blocker (n = 7) or calcium channel blocker (n = 1) was defined as the dose that resulted in control of symptoms. Three patients showed suppression of VA with sinus tachycardia at peak heart rate. Six patients had decreased VA defined as absence of higher complexity arrhythmias. With drug therapy, average heart rate associated with premature ventricular complex couplets/triplets increased, whereas duration and complexity of premature ventricular complexes decreased. One patient had an automatic implantable cardiac defibrillator placed but has had no discharges from the device since starting the appropriate β blocker. In conclusion, these patients appear to respond well to β-blocker or calcium channel blocker therapy with decreased ectopic complexity and an increased heart rate threshold for inducing VA.
Session 25: Special evening session the future of fabs

The history of semiconductor fabs has seen exponential growth in size, volume and cost. From chemistry lab to ultra-clean, large wafer automated handling systems, the productivity increase has contributed to the sustained cost reduction as guided by Moore's law. If history were to repeat, 450mm wafer sizes would soon be here, single wafer processing would be the only tool option, and the productivity of just a few of such gigafabs would be enough to supply the smallest geometries. What factors would control this transition? Will non-optical litho be an essential element of this? What will happen to the 300mm fabs? Perhaps the change to atomic layer control dictates different processing priorities, perhaps wafers are not the only or ultimate substrate for all applications? Will the less scalable technologies like analog, or MEMS, or (bio)medical demand a higher fraction of worldwide capacity growth? These and other questions will be discussed by a distinguished panel of fab experts from Samsung, TSMC, Toshiba, Micron, ASML, and Applied Materials.
Complications of androgen deprivation therapy in prostate cancer.

Purpose of reviewTo review the current data on adverse effects of androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer and to discuss some considerations when choosing therapy and managing side-effects.Recent findingsDespite the existing data supporting the use of androgen deprivation therapy in prostat
Microwave High T C Superconductor MEM Switch-Based Circuits—the Current State-of-the-Art—Design and Performance Considerations

A summary of the current state of the art in MEM switches using high T C superconducting transmission line elements is presented. The most significant advantages of the MEM technology are the low mass and volume of the implemented devices. On the other hand one of the principal drawbacks of the room temperature MEM rf-switches are their losses. These are primarily resistive losses in the waveguide structure and contacts and are large due to the dimensions required (on the order of 100 μm wide by 3μm thick). This places serious limitations on their use in noise loss sensitive applications. The use of superconductors for the waveguide elements in MEM switches can reduce these losses very significantly (several orders of magnitude are not unusual in devices with identical dimensions). Adding a high dielectric constant insulator to the switch can also help shrink the necessary dimensions or extend the low frequency response of the switch.
The effects of predation on the survival and size-distribution of estuarine fishes: an experimental approach

The effect of southern flounder,Paralichthys lethostigma, predation on the survival and size-distribution of spot,Leiostomus xanthurus, was investigated using feeding experiments in outdoor tanks and estuarine ponds. In the outdoor tank experiments, southern flounder, 143 mm average standard length (SL), fed for 48 h on spot (25–30 mm SL), over a range of densities (4–20 m−2). In these trials, flounder showed a Type II functional response to spot density. In the estuarine pond experiment, flounder density (2 or 4 flounders 70 m−2) contributed significantly to spot mortality relative to predator-free controls. The effect of flounder density on spot mortality was non-linear; in the 4-flounder treatment the daily instantaneous mortality due to flounder (0.0177) was 3.5 times that in the 2-flounder treatment (0.0051). The total spot mortality rate in the 4-flounder treatment (0.028) was similar to that observed from published field observations. Flounder also altered the size distribution of spot relative to predator-free controls. Predation by flounder resulted in fewer intermediate-sized spot at the end of the experiment when compared to predator-free controls. Flounder also significantly reduced survival and mean length of two killifishes,Cyprinodon variegatus andFundulus heteroclitus, that invaded the pond. Flounder predation was a significant size-structuring force on the prey fish assemblage in the pond. Results from both the outdoor tank experiment and the pond experiment indicate that flounder may represent a significant source of mortality for juvenile estuarine fishes.
Di- and tetra-bridged diiron(II) complexes with four terphenyl-derived carboxylates and two water molecules

Abstract New diiron(II) complexes having ligated water molecules were prepared and characterized by X-ray crystallography, IR spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The compound [Fe2(OH2)2(μ-O2CAr4F-Ph)2(O2CAr4F-Ph)2(THF)2] (1), where −O2CAr4F-Ph is 2,6-di-(p-fluorophenyl)benzoate, has two distorted trigonal bipyramidal Fe(II) centers linked by two sterically hindered carboxylate ligands. The related molecules, [Fe2(μ-OH2)2(μ-O2CArTol)2(O2CArTol)2(THF)2] (2) and [Fe2(μ-OH2)2(μ-O2CArTol)2(O2CArTol)2(4-tBuC5H4N)2] (3), where −O2CArTol is 2,6-di-(p-tolyl)benzoate and 4-tBuC5H4N is 4-tert-butylpyridine, contain a tetra-bridged diiron(II) core with a central Fe2(OH2)2 planar quadrilateral. Vibrational spectroscopic and electrochemical measurements reveal that the ligated water molecules of 3 are in equilibrium between the bound and free forms.
Power/energy: Solar Power Satellite: Putting it together: Enormous structures involving unique fabrication methods call for new materials, tools, and heavy-lift vehicles

Considers the building of a Solar Power Satellite in space giving details of the unique fabrication methods required as well as new materials, tools and heavy-lift vehicles.
Identification of androgen-binding protein from testis cytosol and sertoli cell culture medium of the cynomolgus monkey, Macaca fascicularis.

The biochemical and immuhological properties of monkey androgen-binding protein (mABP) from the cynomolgus monkey, Macaca fascicularis, have been examined in testis cytosol and medium of primary Sertoli cell-enriched cultures. mABP in testis tissue was separated from the serum protein testosterone-estradiol-binding globulin (mTeBG) by affinity chromatography on Concanavalin A-Sepharose (Con A). mTeBG from serum extracts was completely retained by the lectin and could be displaced with buffer containing α-methyl-D-glucoside. In contrast, mABP from testis extracts either did not interact with the Con A and appeared in the void volume or was partially retained by the column and could be eluted with buffer alone. A third component retained by the Con A may represent mTeBG contamination, a form of mABP which binds to Con A, or both. The specific 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT)- binding activity in the void volume of the Con A column was designated mABP and was further studied. [3H]DHT binding to mABP was saturabl...
LIFE INSURANCE — A TAX SHELTER?

When my daughter was an infant, I took out a $10,000 whole‐life insurance policy on myself. Seventeen years later I canceled the policy and received less cash than I would have had I stuffed the money under the mattress. This illustration is an example of why insurance has always been considered a poor investment. On the other hand, had I died, my family would have received $10,000 for its $100 annual premium and would have benefitted financially.
CAT's: not just a furry friend. using active learning in your classrooms (abstract only)

As educators want to try to find new ways to engage our students in and out of the classroom, allowing them to enhance their learning as well as their overall experience of the class. Active learning techniques challenge students to learn in a "non-traditional" way by developing critical thinking skills and having a little fun at the same time. While our students become more effective students, we can also become more effective educators, as we can quickly and accurately assess learning outcomes. In this discussion, you will hear from faculty members that currently use active learning in their classroom such as classroom assessment techniques (CATs) [4], Team-Based Learning (TBL) [5], and Just in Time Teaching (JITT). We will provide short in-session demonstrations of these activities, ending with time to consult with each other to select activities that will be good for every attendee's specific classroom.
Compressive flow between parallel disks: II. oscillatory behavior of viscoelastic materials under a constant load

Abstract Compressive flow of viscoelastic materials between parallel disks under a constant load is studied analytically and experimentally. The key features of the unsteady deformation of viscoelastic materials are determined analytically using linear approximations to both the momentum and constitutive equations. In place of the monotonic “squeezing” found when Newtonian fluids are used, one finds in this case that oscillations arise when a critical value of a dimensionless group representing the ratio of elastic to inertial forces is exceeded. In order to study the process in detail, finite-element numerical calculations are used with the full equations for quantitative calculation of the oscillatory behavior of fluids described by contravariant convected Maxwell models; it is found that this calculation is in surprisingly close agreement with the linear approximation. Experimental measurements, utilizing three fluids of widely different properties, support the major predictions of the analysis. An important analytical conclusion arising from this study is that inertial terms can quite generally not be neglected, even for slow flows of viscous materials, in deformation processes starting from rest with a previously-un-deformed fluid. This observation is derived from the fact that in viscoelastic
A class of quadratically convergent algorithms for constrained function minimization

The problem of minimizing a functionf(x) subject to the constraint ϕ(x)=0 is considered. Here,f is a scalar,x is ann-vector, and ϕ is anm-vector, wherem <n. A general quadratically convergent algorithm is presented. The conjugate-gradient algorithm and the variable-metric algorithms for constrained function minimization can be obtained as particular cases of the general algorithm.
Information theoretic criterion approach to dimensionality reduction in multinomial logistic regression models. part i: theory

We discuss the issue of dimensionality reduction in multinomial logistic models as problems arising in variable selection, collapsibility of responses and linear restrictions in the parameter matrix. A method using the information theoretic criterion suggested by Bai, Krishnaiah and Zhao, a variation of Akaike information criterion, is used to estimate the rank of the parameter matrix. The same procedure is used for the selection of variables and collapsibility of response categories. The strong consistency of this procedure is established in all the problems.
Quantum‐mechanical description of polarized and unpolarized light

The restrictions for density operators of unpolarized quasiplane and quasimonochromatic two-mode light are determined by invariance with respect to SU(2) polarization transformations and it is shown that this leads only to the type of unpolarized light established in [6]. In this connection, it is clarified and underlined by group-theoretical considerations that the “type II of unpolarized light'' derived in [8-11] is in reality a type of polarized light with second-order polarization (or hidden polarization in first order) and that it is obtained by invariance with respect to an axial subgroup C∞v of SU(2) or of U(2).
Single-Channel 50G and 100G Discrete Multitone Transmission With 25G VCSEL Technology

This paper explores the feasibility of single-channel 50G and 100G transmission using 25G VCSEL technology. We show through experiments the practicality of 50G transmission through 100 m of OM3 multi-mode fiber. To address the question of whether single-channel 100G transmission is feasible, we show through simulation the needed reduction in relative intensity noise of 25G VCSELs and present a novel modulation technique which offers improved performance over conventional discrete multitone with little additional computational complexity.
Effects of fires on the chemical and petrographic composition of peat in the Snuggedy Swamp, South Carolina

Abstract Charcoal-rich zones in a peat core from the Snuggedy Swamp in South Carolina were investigated to determine the chemical and physical changes associated with fires. Petrographic analyses of microtome thin sections revealed that three charcoal zones were present in the core and that the fires causing such zones were severe enough to penetrate into the subsurface and burn some of the peat. Despite these severe fires, only minor changes in the botanical composition occurred throughout the history of the study site, suggesting that these fires were not extensive enough to retard recolonization of the site from nearby unburned areas. pyrolysis gas chromatography/Fourier transform infrared/flame ionization detection and pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry studies reveal distinct organic chemical changes in the peat that can be related to the fires. Decreases in aliphatic and cellulose compounds mirrored increases in charcoal abundance; while aromatic, lignin-related compounds increased as charcoal increased.
Verbal Instruction for Correcting Errors versus Such Instructions Plus Videotape Replay on Learning the Overhand Throw

The influence of two methods of providing information to women, ages 19 to 22 years who were novices and learning the overhand throw with the nondominant arm, was examined. One group received verbal information on correcting errors, and a second group received the same information immediately prior to viewing a videotaped replay of a just completed throw. Performance was assessed quantitatively with respect to outcome (distance thrown) and qualitatively with respect to throwing form as measured on a 7-point rating scale by judges with a working knowledge of the overhand throw and with respect to throwing mechanics rated by a panel of experts in biomechanics using a scale of Leme and Shambes. Although the treatments led to better learning and performance, there was no significant difference between groups for distance thrown on the Leme and Shambes scale in Sessions 1-6 of 10 trials each on Session 7. The mean rating also indicated increased scores for both groups and better retention at posttest by the group receiving only verbal corrections. These results suggest that information provided by adding videotaped replay may be redundant and unnecessary for those in Sessions 1-6.
A computational study of the flowfield surrounding the Aeroassist Flight Experiment vehicle

A symmetric total variation diminishing (STVD) algorithm has been applied to the solution of the three-dimensional hypersonic flowfield surrounding the Aeroassist Flight Experiment (AFE) vehicle. Both perfect-gas and chemical nonequilibrium models have been used. The perfect-gas flows were computed at two different Reynolds numbers, including a flight trajectory point at maximum dynamic pressure, and on two different grids. Procedures for coupling the solution of the species continuity equations with the Navier-Stokes equations in the presence of chemical nonequilibrium are reviewed and tested on the forebody of the AFE and on the complete flowfield assuming noncatalytic wall and no species diffusion. Problems with the STVD algorithm unique to flows with variable thermodynamic properties (real gas) are identified and algorithm modifications are suggested. A potential heating problem caused by strong flow impingement on the nozzle lip in the near wake at 0-deg angle of attack has been identified.
Flow visualization of the elastic Taylor-Couette instability in Boger fluids

Flow visualization is performed on an elastically-dominated instability in several similar Boger fluids in Taylor-Couette flow. The onset and evolution of secondary flow are observed over a range of shear rates using reflective mica platelet seeding. Sequences of ambiently and sheet-illuminated images were digitally processed. Rotation of the inner cylinder was ramped from rest to its final value over a time on the order of a polymer relaxation time. Dilute solutions of high molecular weight polyisobutylene in oligomeric polybutene manifest a flow transition at a Deborah number, De s = λ s γ ≈ 1.5 with a Taylor number of 0.00022 in a cell with dimensionless gap ratio δ = 0.0963. At this transition, simple azimuthal shearing is replaced by steady, roughly square, axisymmetric counter-rotating vortices grossly similar to the well-known Taylor vortex flow that is observed at De s = 0, Ta = 3612. At De s = 3.75, Ta = 0.0014, an axisymmetric oscillatory secondary flow develops initially but is replaced by the steady vortices. At De s = 7.5, Ta = 0.0054, the oscillatory and vortex flow coexist and possess an irregular cellular cross-section. A wide span of growth rates is observed: the ratio of onset to polymer relaxation time ranges from 170000 at De s = 1.5 to O(10) at De s > 5. The role of inertia was explored through changing the solvent viscosity. A transition similar to the one that occurs at De s = 3.75, Ta = 0.0014, from the base azimuthal shearing flow to axisymmetric vortices, was also observed with a much lower viscosity fluid at De s = 3.3, Ta = 74.
A Legal Discourse of Transparency: Discursive Agency and Domestic Violence in the Technical Discourse of the Excited Utterance Exception to Hearsay

This article analyzes the effects of a transparency view of language that is implicit in some technical discourses. Using a legal concept, the excited utterance exception to hearsay, as an exemplary discourse, I show that this view of language is predicated on social norms rather than empirical standards. Indeed, I argue, the measurement of accuracy using an empirical standard creates a situation in which the speaker's rhetorical concerns and the context can be ignored.
Examining recycling container attributes and household recycling practices

Abstract This paper explores the impact of recycling container attributes on household recycling practices in municipal recycling programs. While there is little in the academic literature on the specific relevance of container design on recycling programs, unpublished data and gray literature suggest factors such as container size, type, and color can impact recycling rates. Because municipal recycling program design decisions likely are based on unpublished data and gray literature—much in the form of municipal-level reports written by consultants—we review these sources and place them in the context of academic literature. Additionally, we present new data on current program designs from a nationwide survey of US municipal and county solid waste professionals. Anecdotes from the survey confirm findings of previously published studies that have correlated larger recycling containers and the use of wheeled recycling containers with greater recycling rates. However, data on the direct effect of each of these factors and container color remains elusive due to a lack of controlled studies.
Development of a Microscopic Simulation to Model Traffic Sign Management and Performance

Minimum retroreflectivity standards issued by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) have focused the attention of highway administrators on improving the nighttime performance of signs. This paper outlines the development of a microscopic sign management simulation that facilitates predicting an agency’s level of compliance with the standards and determining the cost of compliance. Using the Arena simulation software, the authors built a model in which each sign was represented as a separate entity and moved through a network of submodels replicating the management and environmental processes experienced annually. The simulation includes submodels for sign damage, inspection, replacement, and deterioration that are modifiable by key input parameters. The simulation model produces several key estimates on an annual basis for the purpose of comparing different sign management scenarios. The resulting model was validated and used to evaluate a scenario representing management conditions in North Carolina...
A prospective study of child maltreatment and self-injurious behavior in a community sample

In conjunction with prospective ratings of child maltreatment (i.e., sexual abuse, physical abuse, and physical neglect) and measures of dissociation and somatization, this study examined prospective pathways between child maltreatment and nonsuicidal, direct self-injurious behavior (SIB; e.g., cutting, burning, self-hitting). Ongoing participants in the Minnesota Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (N = 164; 83 males, 81 females) completed a semistructured interview about SIB when they were 26 years old. SIB emerged as a heterogeneous and prominent phenomenon in this low-income, mixed-gender, community sample. Child sexual abuse predicted recurrent injuring (i.e., three or more events; n = 13), whereas child physical abuse appeared more salient for intermittent injuring (i.e., one to two events; n = 13). Moreover, these relations appeared largely independent of risk factors that have been associated with child maltreatment and/or SIB, including child cognitive ability, socioeconomic status, maternal life stress, familial disruption, and childhood exposure to partner violence. Dissociation and somatization were related to SIB and, to a lesser degree, child maltreatment. However, only dissociation emerged as a significant mediator of the observed relation between child sexual abuse and recurrent SIB. The findings are discussed within a developmental psychopathology framework in which SIB is viewed as a compensatory regulatory strategy in posttraumatic adaptation.
Reality as a Scientific Strategy: Revising Our Concepts of Science

This article presents the author's views on scientific research. According to the author more and more of those who study science are coming to understand that to be scientific does not mean to be free of all biases, opinions and strong convictions. Rather, to be scientific is to be more aware of one's biases and how they influence what one studies. The author along with researcher James Emshoff worked out a method for strategic planning that explicitly recognizes the role that such biases play and that attempts to take positive advantage of them.
Advancing firm growth research: A focus on growth mode instead of growth rate

The development of firm growth research has been notably slow. In this paper, we argue that a major reason for this lack of development is the impatience of researchers to prematurely address the question of “how much?” before adequately providing answers to the question “how?” On the basis of an extensive review of the literature, we suggest how growth research can advance by changing focus to growth mode (organic, acquisition, hybrid). Toward this end, we provide a research agenda that helps establish the types of questions that growth researchers can ask within this new focus.