cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Introducing the sick face

Research on disgust in neuroscience, medicine, and psychology often relies on a disgust facial expression from a standardized set. Two studies (N = 60 and N = 160) compared this standard disgust face to a new facial expression called the “sick face” posed by three different actors asked to look as if they were sick and about to vomit. Relative to the standard disgust face, the sick face was significantly more likely to be endorsed as disgust, less likely to be endorsed as another emotion, and rated as conveying disgust more intensely. Disgust may not have a facial signal, but various faces may serve as cues to disgust.
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF PULSED LASER HEATING FOR THE DEFORMATION OF METALS

The energy transfer and surface modification of a metal surface have been studied theoretically during pulsed laser heating. The resulting shape of the deformed surface depends on the laser power, healing time, and diameter. The incident laser power is assumed to have a Gaussian distribution in the radial direction and is absorbed in the region very close to the surface. The energy first diffuses by conduction in the radial and axial directions. Then, when the temperature exceeds the melting temperature, a liquid is formed that flows outward, and the surface deforms. The deformation varies with time, and the peak deformation is proportional to the laser power.
Organ-culture studies of achondroplastic rabbit cartilage: evidence for a metabolic defect in glucose utilization.

Organ-culture studies were made using cartilage from achondroplastic (dwarf) rabbits ( ac / ac ) and their phenotypically normal litter-mates. A significantly higher incorporation of 14C from glucose and galactose was measured in the dwarf; incorporation of 35S from sulfate and 3H from thymidine was equal in the two types of explant. Also, 14CO2 and [14C]lactate production from glucose by the dwarf cartilage was increased. No difference in the ratio of 14CO2 evolution from [1-14C]- and [6-14C]glucose was found between the two cartilage types. Explants of dwarf cartilage utilized more glucose from the medium than did the controls. Radioautographs of tissue sections from the explants showed an increased number of grains from [14C]glucose overlying the dwarf cartilage, and this difference was particularly great over the central portions of cartilage. The proportion of 14C grains from glucose was greater over the dwarf nuclei, less over the dwarf matrix and equal over the cytoplasm of the two tissues. Grain counts of sulfate and of thymidine did not differ in the two types of cartilage.
Benefits of the `Massively Parallel Rosetta Stone': Cross-Language Information Retrieval with over 30 Languages

In this paper, we describe our experiences in extending a standard cross-language information retrieval (CLIR) approach which uses parallel aligned corpora and Latent Semantic Indexing. Most, if not all, previous work which follows this approach has focused on bilingual retrieval; two examples involve the use of FrenchEnglish or English-Greek parallel corpora. Our extension to the approach is ‘massively parallel’ in two senses, one linguistic and the other computational. First, we make use of a parallel aligned corpus consisting of almost 50 parallel translations in over 30 distinct languages, each in over 30,000 documents. Given the size of this dataset, a ‘massively parallel’ approach was also necessitated in the more usual computational sense. Our results indicate that, far from adding more noise, more linguistic parallelism is better when it comes to cross-language retrieval precision, in addition to the self-evident benefit that CLIR can be performed on more languages.
On the detection of Faraday rotation in linearly polarized L-band SAR backscatter signatures

The potentially measurable effects of Faraday rotation on linearly polarized backscatter measurements from space are addressed. Single-polarized, dual-polarized, and quad-polarized backscatter measurements subject to Faraday rotation are first modeled. Then, the impacts are assessed using L-band polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data. Due to Faraday rotation, the received signal will include other polarization characteristics of the surface, which may be detectable under certain conditions. Model results are used to suggest data characteristics that will reveal the presence of Faraday rotation in a given single-polarized, dual-polarized, or quad-polarized L-band SAR dataset, provided the user can identify scatterers within the scene whose general behavior is known or can compare the data to another, similar dataset with zero Faraday rotation. The data characteristics found to be most sensitive to a small amount of Faraday rotation (i.e., a one-way rotation <20/spl deg/) are the cross-pol backscatter [/spl sigma//spl deg/(HV)] and the like-to-cross-pol correlation [e.g., /spl rho/(HHHV/sup */)]. For a diverse, but representative, set of natural terrain, the level of distortion across a range of backscatter measures is shown to be acceptable (i.e., minimal) for one-way Faraday rotations of less than 5/spl deg/, and 3/spl deg/ if the radiometric uncertainty in the HV backscatter is specified to be less than 0.5 dB.
Wireless sensor networks: a new communication paradigm

Summary form only given. Computers, communication, and sensing technologies are converging to change the way we live, interact, and conduct business. Wireless sensor networks reflect such convergence. These networks are based on collaborative efforts of a large number of sensor nodes. They should be low-cost, low-power, and multifunction. These nodes have the capabilities of sensing, data processing, and communicating. Sensor networks have wide range of applications, from monitoring sensors in industrial facilities to control and management of energy applications to military and security fields. Because of the special features of these networks, new network technologies are needed for cost effective, low power, and reliable communication. These network protocols and architectures should take into consideration the special features of sensor networks such as: the large number of nodes, their failure rate, limited power, etc. In this talk the impact of wireless sensor networks is addressed, several of the design and communication issues is discussed, and a case study of a current project of using such networks in drilling and management off-shore oil is given.
Treating Stakeholders Fairly: The Golden Rule as a Moral Guiding Principle for Entrepreneurs

Entrepreneurs have a unique opportunity to cultivate the moral direction and development of their organizations, precisely because those organizations are new. Towards this end, we suggest that the Golden Rule is a simple, practical heuristic for entrepreneurs seeking to establish a fair social contract with their stakeholders. Because justice is an impor tant central moral criterion in organizations, we attempt to show theo retically that the Golden Rule passes critical tests of justice, as outlined in the work of John Rawls, and can also serve as a universally relevant hypernorm which have been argued to ground all social contracts. We introduce some important contextual findings from the entrepreneurship literature in order to ground our discussion and create realistic scenari os for entrepreneurs and their stakeholders. In so doing, we present an important potential limitation of the Golden Rule in practice and sug gest how entrepreneurs might reconcile it. Ultimately, we believe that if entrepreneurs were to reflect upon their particular situation, they would have good reasons to choose to employ the Golden Rule as a part of their overall strategy for moral and economic success.
Single-color pseudorotaxane-based temperature sensing

Colored pseudorotaxane solutions can be used to assess temperature changes over large temperature windows. The color intensity of our novel pseudorotaxane systems decreases gradually from −50 to +50 °C with no shift in absorption maximum, making these and similar pseudorotaxanes attractive candidates for single-wavelength colorimetric temperature sensors.
Emergency Department Bouncebacks: Is Lack of Primary Care Access the Primary Cause?

Abstract Background National emergency department (ED) bounceback rates within 30 days of previous ED discharge have been found to be as high as 26%. We hypothesize that having a primary care physician (PCP) would prevent bouncebacks to the ED because a patient would have a medical resource for follow-up and continued care. Methods We performed a prospective, consecutive, anonymous survey study of adult ED patients at a suburban teaching hospital with 88,000 visits annually, from July 5, 2011 through August 8, 2011. Using chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests, we compared patients with an initial visit to those returning within 30 days of a previous visit to our ED. Results We collected 1084 surveys. Those in the bounceback group were more likely to have no insurance (10.2% vs. 4.4%) or Medicaid (17.7% vs. 10.8%) and less likely to have a PCP (79% vs. 86%). Of those with a PCP, 9% in both groups had seen their PCP that day, 58% (initial visit) and 49% (bouncebacks) could have been seen that day, and 35% & 36%, respectively, within 1 week. Of those with a PCP, 38% of initial visits and 32% of bouncebacks stated they had already seen their physician at least once. Conclusion Our results suggest that patients who bounce back to the ED might have already contacted their PCP. Although insurance status and the lack thereof predict a higher likelihood to bounce back to the ED, many bouncebacks are insured patients with PCPs able to be seen the same day.
The two-pole two-zero root locus

The author highlights the unity negative feedback root locus of a loop gain having two real poles lying along the real axis to the right of two real zeros. He demonstrates that the complex portion of the root locus (of the closed-loop negative feedback system) is a circle. He locates the center and computes the radius of the circle, and illuminates the stability of the closed-loop system. >
Corpus Luteum Function and Adenylyl Cyclase Stimulability in the Rat after an Estradiol Benzoate-Induced Ovulatory Surge of Luteinizing Hormone: Role of Prolactin

Estradiol benzoate (E; 20 μg, sc) was given on diestrus day 1 to 4-day cycling rats to advance the ovulatory LH surge by 1 day. Estrogen treatment is known to result in the maintenance of two apparently functional sets of corpora lutea (CL). Previously, our laboratory has demonstrated that E treatment results in the maintenance of LH-stimulable adenylyl cyclase activity in the 4-day-old CL on the day of expected proestrus. We investigated whether the effect of E was mediated by PRL by using an eryocryptine analog CB-154 to inhibit PRL release. We measured LH- and isoproterenol (Iso)-stimulable adenylyl cyclase activity and progesterone levels in 4- and 1-day-old CL and progesterone levels in serum. Iso was used as a control hormone to monitor receptor-mediated regulation of adenylyl cyclase activity. Progesterone was measured by RIA to examine whether LH-stimulable adenylyl cyclase activity correlated with CL function. We found that E treatment resulted in increased LH-stimulable adenylyl cyclase activity...
Development and evaluation of a video CD-ROM program for individuals with developmental disabilities to determine job preferences

How do individuals with developmental disabilities identify job preferences? They may first receive information on various jobs, then identify preferred ones. Preferences jobs could then be considered in relation to job skills, job requirements, resources, limitations, job availability, and other variables to make a job placement. This article describes a video-based job preference program developed for individuals with developmental disabilities. Using a computer and CD ROMs, individual participants and a facilitator (e.g., rehabilitation counselor, transition specialist) initially watch video to identify preferred working conditions. At this stage, an individual watches 20 jobs in 10 pairs matching preferred work conditions and identifies preferred jobs. After two sets of pairings involving the same 20 jobs, preferred ones are inferred based on repeated selection. The article reviews the program's development and initial reliability and validity research. Use of the program is discussed as part of the vocational assessment process.
Renal monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease : The disease spectrum

This study reports the clinicopathologic findings and outcome in 34 patients with renal monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease (MIDD), which included 23 light-chain DD (LCDD), 5 light- and heavy-chain DD (LHCDD), and 6 heavy-chain DD (HCDD). A total of 23 patients had pure MIDD, whereas 11 patients had LCDD with coexistent myeloma cast nephropathy (LCDD & MCN). Renal biopsy diagnosis preceded clinical evidence of dysproteinemia in 68% of all cases. By immunofluorescence, the composition of deposits included 11kappa/1lambda (LCDD), 3IgGkappa/2IgGlambda (LHCDD), 5gamma/1alpha (HCDD), and 10kappa/1lambda (LCDD & MCN). Patients with pure MIDD presented with mean serum creatinine of 4.2 mg/dl, nephrotic proteinuria, and hypertension. Cases of HCDD were associated with a CH1 deletion and frequently had hypocomplementemia and a positive hepatitis C virus antibody but negative hepatitis C virus PCR. LCDD & MCN is a morphologically and clinically distinct entity from pure MIDD, presenting with higher creatinine (mean, 7.8 mg/dl; P = 0.01), greater dialysis dependence (64 versus 26%; P = 0.053), subnephrotic proteinuria, and less nodular glomerulopathy (18 versus 100%; P < 0.0001). Multiple myeloma was more frequently diagnosed in LCDD & MCN than in pure MIDD (91 versus 31%; P = 0.025). Renal and patient survivals were significantly worse in patients with LCDD & MCN (mean, 4 and 22 mo, respectively), compared with patients with pure MIDD (mean, 22 and 54 mo). Chemotherapy stabilized or improved renal function in 10 of 15 patients (67%) with pure MIDD who presented with creatinine of <5.0 mg/dl, emphasizing the importance of early detection. On multivariate analysis, initial creatinine was the only predictor of renal and patient survival in pure MIDD, underscoring the prognostic significance of the renal involvement.
Advances and future of Radiation Oncology.

Aim Review of recent advances and vision for future developments in clinical practice of Radiation Oncology.
Project Risk Identification Methods for Construction Planning and Execution

Risk identification is the often neglected first step in the risk management process: potential problems specific to the project must be identified before quantification of the magnitude of the risk, or consideration of prevention or mitigation actions. This paper presents two research conclusions: systematic project risk identification during the transition from the design to construction (planning) phase benefits from a taxonomy of risk areas/potential problems for the specific type of construction involved; during construction execution, earned value analysis is an effective method to identify emerging risks from readily available project data bases. A taxonomy was developed from published references for infrastructure construction projects, validated by construction managers, and is the main contribution of this paper. Fifteen “risk areas” were used to organize 96 potential problems.
A new renal tourniquet for open and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.

AbstractPurpose: We describe a novel double loop renal parenchymal tourniquet for obtaining hemostasis during open and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.Methods: One loop is positioned around the upper and 1 around the lower renal poles, thus securely entrapping the kidney. During partial nephrectomy the corresponding loop is double looped and cinched, thus achieving a tourniquet effect. The renal artery is not occluded. Intraoperative renal hypothermia is not required.Results: The renal tourniquet was used clinically during 6 open and 1 laparoscopic partial nephrectomies. Furthermore, during laparoscopic nephrectomy (5 porcine and 1 clinical cases) the double loop apparatus allowed for improved maneuverability of the kidney.Conclusions: The novel renal tourniquet affords adequate renal parenchymal hemostasis during open and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.
Semi-rigid tripeptide agonists of melanocortin receptors.

Abstract A series of 30 RCO–HfR–NH2 derivatives show preference for the mouse MC1R vs MC3-5Rs. trans-4-HOC6H4CH CHCO–HfR–NH2 (13) [EC50 (nM): MC1R 83, MC3R 20500, MC4R 18130 and MC5R 935; ratio 1:246:217:11] is 11 times more potent than the lead compound LK-394 Ph(CH2)3CO–HfR–NH2 (2) and only 11 times less potent than the native tridecapeptide α-MSH at mMC1R. Differences in conformations of 2 and 13 are discussed.
Macrophage supernatants have both stimulatory and suppressive effects on mesangial cell proliferation

Macrophages may modulate mesangial expansion following renal injury via secretory products. We undertook the present study to determine the effects of macrophage supernatants on mesangial cell proliferation. Macrophage supernatants collected in serum-free media after 24 hours caused significantly enhanced mesangial cell proliferation in long-term culture at concentrations up to 50% but caused suppression at higher concentrations (control, 122,000 +/- 14,000 cells/well; 50% supernatant, 188,000 +/- 15,100 cells/well, P < 0.02 compared to control, n = 4; 80% supernatant, 52,000 +/- 3,500 cells/well, P < 0.01 compared to control, n = 4). In short-term culture [3H]thymidine incorporation, a measure of DNA synthesis, was significantly enhanced compared to control at supernatant concentrations up to 30% (30% supernatant, 4,120 +/- 310 cpm/well; control, 3,210 +/- 97 cpm/well, P < 0.5, n = 4), but uptake was reduced at high concentration (80% supernatant, 2,900 +/- 74 cpm/well; control, 3,210 +/- 97 cpm/well, P < 0.05, n = 4). When macrophage supernatants were collected after 48 hours incubation and incubated with mesangial cells, mesangial cell thymidine uptake was significantly suppressed compared to control (48-hour supernatant, 4,060 +/- 260 cpm/well; control, 5,890 +/- 270 cpm/well, P < 0.01, n = 4) and compared to 24-hour supernatants, which enhanced uptake (24-hour supernatant, 8,080 +/- 340 cpm/well; control, 5,890 +/- 270 cpm/well, P < 0.01, n = 4). Our results suggest that macrophage supernatants can directly enhance mesangial cell proliferation in vitro in both short-term and long-term culture, though this effect is lost at high concentrations of supernatant. These data lend support to the potential role of the macrophage in mediating mesangial expansion following renal injury.
Structure–property relation in poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA) fibers

Abstract Structure parameters of various poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide fibers have been investigated using WAXD and correlated with mechanical properties. The mechanical properties examined were modulus E and strength σ; the pertinent structural parameters include orientation angle φ200, lattice constants a, b, c, paracrystalline parameter gII,apparent crystal sizes ACS110, ACS200, ACS00l, intensity ratio I110/I200 and transverse crystallinity X. The parameters, c, gII and I110/I200 are found to be interrelated and to provide indications of nonreversible chain conformational changes due to post-treatment. It is concluded that the fiber modulus is determined by the combination of the orientation of the crystallites and the paracrystalline parameter through the following equation: (10) 1/E f =(1/E 0 +D 1 g II 2 )+A〈 sin 2 φ〉 in which Ef is the fiber modulus; gII the paracrystalline parameter; φ the orientation angle; and E0, D1 and A the material constants. This relationship is derived from our proposed morphological model in which crystallites are: (a) formed from chains have nonlinear conformations; and (b) packed with an orientation distribution. The correlation of structure with strength has also been studied. In addition, different types of Kevlar® fibers, Kevlar® 119, Kevlar® 29, Kevlar® 49 and Kevlar® 149 show slight, systematic, variations in structure. In particular, all Kevlar® fibers except Kevlar® 149 show the forbidden 001 diffraction reflection, which has been related to conformational differences.
Computerization in the Strategic Management Course: Current Status and Future Directions

This article presents the findings of a survey of strategic management professors on the current status of computerization in strategic management courses. Through an analysis of the reported advantages or disadvantages of current tools, a conceptual model is developed that depicts key dimensions for optimal design of future instructional software. The authors conclude by describing ways in which pedagogical research can help focus the software development process on the techniques that hold the most promise for superior educational value.
MDCT-based 3-D texture classification of emphysema and early smoking related lung pathologies

Our goal is to enhance the ability to differentiate normal lung from subtle pathologies via multidetector row CT (MDCT) by extending a two-dimensional (2-D) texturebased tissue classification [adaptive multiple feature method (AMFM)] to use three-dimensional (3-D) texture features. We performed MDCT on 34 humans and classified volumes of interest (VOIs) in the MDCT images into five categories: EC, emphysema in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); MC, mild emphysema in mild COPD; NC, normal appearing lung in mild COPD; NN, normal appearing lung in normal nonsmokers; and NS, normal appearing lung in normal smokers. COPD severity was based upon pulmonary function tests (PFTs). Airways and vessels were excluded from VOIs; 24 3-D texture features were calculated; and a Bayesian classifier was used for discrimination. A leave-one-out method was employed for validation. Sensitivity of the four-class classification in the form of 3-D/2-D was: EC: 85%/71%, MC: 90%/82%; NC: 88%/50%; NN: 100%/60%. Sensitivity and specificity for NN using a two-class classification of NN and NS in the form of 3-D/2-D were: 99%/72% and 100%/75%, respectively. We conclude that 3-D AMFM analysis of lung parenchyma improves discrimination compared to 2-D AMFM of the same VOIs. Furthermore, our results suggest that the 3-D AMFM may provide a means of discriminating subtle differences between smokers and nonsmokers both with normal PFTs.
Run-Time Support for Distributed Sharing in Typed Languages

We present a new run-time system, DOSA, that efficiently implements a shared object space abstraction underneath a typed programming language. The key insight behind DOSA is that the ability to unambiguously distinguish pointers from data at run-time enables efficient fine-grained sharing using VM support. Like earlier systems designed for fine-grained sharing, DOSA improves the performance of finegrained applications by eliminating false sharing. In contrast to these earlier systems, DOSA's VM-based approach and read aggregation enable it to match a page-based system on coarse-grained applications. Furthermore, its architecture permits optimizations that are not possible in conventional fine-grained or coarse-grained DSM systems.
Nonlinear mixed-effects HIV dynamic models with considering left-censored measurements

HIV dynamic model offers a different perspective of studying HIV pathogenesis and developing treatment strategies for AIDS patients. Many HIV dynamic models have recently been developed to characterize short-term AIDS treatment, whereas in long-term HIV dynamics, viral load often rebounds in the later stage of treatment primarily due to reduced drug efficacy. Although time-varying drug efficacy can be incorporated into the ordinary differential equations (ODE) model, such a system has no analytical solution, and the measurement of viral load is usually censored at the detection limit due to technological constraints. We consider nonlinear mixed-effects ODE model with stochastic approximation EM algorithm to overcome these difficulties. The performance of the proposed method is illustrated by means of a simulation study and a real-data application. Numerical evidence shows that the HIV infection is generally more severe when considering left-censored data. The T cell production rate from human body source varies, but the death rate of infected T cells, infection rate of virus, and other dynamic parameters do not have much difference among patients. We hope these findings inspire more research on clarifying biological mechanism of HIV infection and developing better treatment.
Liquid crystal displays backlit with LEDs

Recent LED technology makes all-solid-state illumination of flat panel liquid crystal display efficiently enough to be comparable to that with fluorescent lamps. Our recent development of liquid crystal displays backlit with LEDs is described
Shuttle Trading: Case Study From The Former Soviet Republic

This case explores the experience of Mirlan Suyorov, one of thousands of entrepreneurs who started shuttle trading in Kyrgyzstan after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The goal is to show the effects of globalization in the lives of people in former Soviet republics since the 1990s. This research draws mostly upon primary sources such as personal interviews. Through showing the lives of shuttle traders, this study highlights the importance of international trade organizations in shaping the economy of newly independent countries and emerging markets.
Electricity as Money: A New Imaginaire Électrique

Recognizing that technology advance is proceeding in the area of smart grids (SG) while concern about climate change persists, we explore the case for an institutional adjustment that may offer the prospect of redirecting the technology advances in SG to address the climate change problem in a novel way. Rather than seeking to achieve a global optimization of extending current grid configurations as new primary energy sources are introduced, or setting plausible levels of feeding tariffs for renewables, we argue to modify the objective of the grid to enable efficient, pervasive suboptimization in local service areas that provides incentives to users to be efficient in their energy use. At the core of our argument is the presentation of economic incentives denominated in an electricity backed commodity currency such that incumbent electricity generators and grid operators could redefine their principal economic purpose as financial institutions. This institutional transformation is grounded on the prospect of introducing more market exchange into the system of electricity generation, distribution, and consumption. A corollary to our argument is that advances in SG technologies may present the opportunity to reengineer electricity generation, distribution, and consumption systems much more comprehensively than even SG advocates are considering.
Relative contributions of a CVO and the microvascular bed to delivery of blood-borne IL-1α to the brain

Diffusion from brain regions lacking a blood-brain barrier (BBB) and saturable transport across capillaries are possible pathways for the entry of blood-borne interleukin-1α into the central nervous system (CNS). To assess the involvement of these putative routes, mice received intravenous injections of radioiodinated interleukin-1α, and their brains were subjected to emulsion autoradiography. The resulting patterns of silver grain distribution showed that diffusion of interleukin-1α from the choroid plexus and the subfornical organ was greatly restricted. These restrictive properties were quantified by the determination of D1/2 values, the distances needed for the concentration of silver grains to decrease by one-half. Within several brain regions, a subset of the microvasculature indicated transport of interleukin-1α across the BBB. Individual microvessels showed different patterns of transport ranging from robust to absent. The high degree of containment of blood-borne interleukin-1α within the regions...
Chemical kinetic modeling of high-pressure propane oxidation and comparison to experimental results

A pressure-dependent kinetic mechanism for propane oxidation is developed and compared to experimental data from a high-pressure flow reactor. Experimental conditions range from 10–15 atm and 650–800 K and have a residence time of 198 ms for propane-air mixtures at an equivalence ratio of 0.4. The experimental results clearly indicate negative temperature coefficient (NTC) behavior. The chemistry describing this phenomenon is critical in understanding automotive engine knock and cool flame oscillations. Results of the numerical model are compared to a spectrum of stable species profiles sampled from the flow reactor. Rate constants and product channels for the reaction of propyl radicals, hydroperoxy-propyl radicals, and important isomers (radicals) with O 2 were estimated using thermodynamic properties, with multifrequency quantum Kassel theory for k(E) coupled with modified, strong collision analysis for falloff. Results of the chemical kinetic model show an NTC region over nearly the same temperature regime as observed in the experiments. Sensitivity analysis identified the key reaction steps that control the rate of oxidation in the NTC region. The model reasonably simulates the profiles for many of the major and minor species observed in the experiments. Numerical simulations show that some of the key reactions involving propylperoxy radicals are in partial equilibrium in this residence-time, temperature, and pressure regime. This indicates that their relative concentrations are controlled by a combination of thermochemistry and other rate-controlling reaction steps. Major reactions in partial equilibrium include C 3 H 7 +O 2 =C 3 H 7 O 2 , C 3 H 6 OOH=C 3 H 6 +HO 2 , and C 3 H 6 OOH+O 2 =O 2 C 3 H 6 OOH. This behavior means that thermodynamic parameters of the oxygenated species, which govern partial equilibrium concentrations, are especially important. QRRK/falloff results also show that the reaction of propyl radical and hydroperoxy-propyl radicals with O 2 proceeds, primarily, through pressure-stabilized adducts rather than chemically activated channels; thus, dissociation and isomerization rates of these adducts are important.
Practical value of food pathogen traceability through building a whole-genome sequencing network and database

The FDA has created a United States-based open-source whole-genome sequencing network of state, federal, international, and commercial partners. The GenomeTrakr network represents a first-of-its-kind distributed genomic food shield for characterizing and tracing foodborne outbreak pathogens back to their sources. The GenomeTrakr network is leading investigations of outbreaks of foodborne illnesses and compliance actions with more accurate and rapid recalls of contaminated foods as well as more effective monitoring of preventive controls for food manufacturing environments. An expanded network would serve to provide an international rapid surveillance system for pathogen traceback, which is critical to support an effective public health response to bacterial outbreaks.
Writing the Torment Aporetic Data and the Possibility of Justice

In this article, we reconfigure the notion of writing with theory to include a troubling of theory as data that is always already coded by our citational practices. However, the reduction of the “cacophony of ideas swirling as we think about our topics with all we can muster” to a singular citation, while necessary if we want to bear the burden of our interpretations, is also dangerous because the more mechanistic data analysis becomes, the less situated it is. We demonstrate here how we rupture this mechanistic bent by using the space of the page both to inhabit and halt aporias, producing aporetic data. When we write and reread our claims to those theorists through citation, aporetic data highlights our inability to do those theorists justice and produces additional uncertainty about the possibility of justice for any data. To that end, we provide a theoretical conversation that has been interrupted and revisited multiple times as we think and rethink the many Derridas produced through our readings. Thi...
Interstitial ectopic pregnancy: conservative surgical management.

Introduction Interstitial pregnancy is a rare and life-threatening condition. Diagnosis and appropriate management are critical in preventing morbidity and death. Case description Four cases of interstitial pregnancy are presented. Diagnostic laparoscopy followed by laparotomy and cornuostomy with removal of products of conception was performed in 1 case. Laparoscopic cornuostomy and removal of products of conception were performed in the subsequent 3 cases with some modifications of the technique. Subsequent successful reproductive outcomes are also presented. Discussion Progressively conservative surgical measures are being used to treat interstitial pregnancy successfully, with no negative impact on subsequent pregnancies.
Pharmacokinetics bases of adverse drug-drug interactions

A drug reactions (ADRs) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. A major contributing factor to ADRs is Drug-Drug Interactions (DDIs), which often results from pharmacodynamic (PD) and pharmacokinetics (PK) changes due to co-administration of one or more therapeutic agents. Clearly, the chances of such interactions are higher in therapeutic areas requiring administration of a cocktail therapy such as that in cancer, HIV, epilepsy and CNS disorders.The PD interactions typically occur at the receptor site and may be additive, synergistic or antagonistic in nature. The PK bases for DDIs often entail changes in the activity and expression of drug metabolizing enzymes and/or transporters leading to altered ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion) characteristics. Changes in PK parameters such as bioavailability, systemic clearance (resulting from altered hepatic, renal or biliary clearance) manifest in altered systemic exposure (peak drug levels or Cmax and the overall area under the plasma concentration-time curve or AUC). While a few DDIs are utilized for therapeutic benefit (best example is the use of ritonavir for enhancing systemic exposure of co-administered anti-retroviral drugs), most DDIs are deleterious, which require careful changes in dosing regimen and/or therapeutic monitoring, especially for narrow therapeutic index drugs. This seminar will discuss the mechanistic bases for DDIs mediated by PK alterations (induction and inhibition of enzymes and transporters), and the current status of in vitro and in vivo/clinical approaches for assessment of such interactions. Clinically relevant examples leading to adverse toxicities and measures to circumvent such toxicities will be underscored.
Crystal structure of an unknown solvate of {2,2′-[ethane-1,2-diylbis(nitrilo­methanylyl­idene)]diphenolato-κ4O,N,N′,O′}(N-ferrocenylisonicotinamide-κN1)cobalt(II): a CoII–salen complex that forms hydrogen-bonded dimers

The title compound, [CoFe(C5H5)(C16H14N2O2)(C11H9N2O)], was prepared as an air-stable red–brown solid by mixing equimolar amounts of {2,2′-[ethane-1,2-diylbis(nitrilo­methanylyl­idene)]diphenolato}cobalt(II) and N-ferrocenylisonicotinamide in dry di­chloro­methane under nitro­gen and was characterized by ESI–MS, IR, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The structure at 100 K has triclinic (P-1) symmetry and indicates that the complex crystallizes as a mixture of λ and δ conformers. It exhibits the expected square pyramidal geometry about Co, and forms hydrogen-bonded dimers through amide N—H groups and phenolate O atoms on an adjacent mol­ecule. The involvement of only half of the salen ring structure in hydrogen-bonding inter­actions results in slight folding of the salen ring away from the pyridine coordination site in the δ conformer with an inter-salicyl­idene fold angle of 9.9 (7)°. In contrast, the λ conformer is nearly planar. The dimers pack into an open structure containing channels filled with highly disordered solvent mol­ecules. These solvent molecules' contributions to the intensity data were removed with the SQUEEZE procedure [Spek (2015). Acta Cryst. C71, 9–18] available in PLATON.
Research frontier and hot topics of Sports Science journal on the basis of knowledge spectrum

Chinese Social Science Citation Index (CSSCI) shows that Sports Science journal has collected 2081 essays in 2000-2009.Through analyses of key word co-occurrence,quotation co-citation,and journal co-citation,research frontier and hot topics of Sports Science have been found.Sports Science still concentrates on the exercise training.Literature co-citations include such five cluster groups as Olympic research,scientific training exploration,popular sports,exercise physiology and biochemistry as well as sports economics.Journal co-citation analysis shows that the texts in Sports Science and Journal of Chinese Sports Medicine have relatively important academic values.
The Necessity of Introducing Hearing Procedure to Land Supervision System

Land Supervision System of China was established in 2006,however,there have neither law nor policy related to hearing procedure now.This phenomenon has led to lack of effective external oversight and the decisions of land supervision encounter heavily obstructed when implemented.Meanwhile,the rights of local people's government and administrative relative person can not be protected well.Therefore,it is necessary to introduce hearing procedure to the Land Supervision System.
Status Quo Analysis and Optimization of Tubular Furnace Recuperative Air Preheater

The high temperature flue gas from tubular furnace discharges with a lot of heat,and to reduce exhaust temperature and smoke heat loss can improve the thermal efficiency of heating furnace. This paper compares two schemes,the current commonly used indirect preheated air and smoke indirect preheated air and finds out the problems existed.The structure of flue gas preheater and arrangement is improved to reduce the energy consumption of tube furnace.
Evolution and future perspectives for reduced-size hepatic transplantation

Reduced-size hepatic transplantation has evolved into a clinically useful procedure, particularly at institutions specializing in treating pediatric patients. It is being adopted by many of the hepatic transplantation institutions in the United States as a result of its effectiveness in providing a greater number of donors for small recipients and an outcome equal to full-size hepatic transplantation. It has led to the development of "split-liver" transplantation, which is at present not universally applicable because of its complexity, but could double the supply of donors available to small patients. It is also the precursor of orthotopic auxiliary transplantation, which could become the preferred method for treating children with metabolic diseases, but no structural changes, such as cirrhosis. Finally, the knowledge gained in reduced-size hepatic transplantation will inevitably lead to transplantation using living donors, which could completely alleviate the shortage of donors for small patients.
The effect of endoscopic sinus surgery on symptoms of eustachian tube dysfunction

BackgroundThe symptom of eustachian tube dysfunction has been categorized as a “minor” symptom in chronic rhinosinusitis. The aim of this pilot study was to determine the frequency of otologic symp...
Phenomenological vs. biophysical models of thermal stress in aquatic eggs

Predicting species responses to climate change is a central challenge in ecology. These predictions are often based on lab-derived phenomenological relationships between temperature and fitness metrics. We tested one of these relationships using the embryonic stage of a Chinook salmon population. We parameterised the model with laboratory data, applied it to predict survival in the field, and found that it significantly underestimated field-derived estimates of thermal mortality. We used a biophysical model based on mass transfer theory to show that the discrepancy was due to the differences in water flow velocities between the lab and the field. This mechanistic approach provides testable predictions for how the thermal tolerance of embryos depends on egg size and flow velocity of the surrounding water. We found support for these predictions across more than 180 fish species, suggesting that flow and temperature mediated oxygen limitation is a general mechanism underlying the thermal tolerance of embryos.
Abstract 4463: Riluzole effectively modulates cell cycle and cell death in a molecularly diverse set of breast cancer cell lines

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (GRM1) has an established oncogenic role in melanoma. Growing evidence supports a similar role in breast cancer. We have previously shown that GRM1 is not only expressed in human breast cancers, but that levels of expression correlate with clinical outcomes with tamoxifen treatment, and that GRM1 knockdown reduces breast cancer cell viability and growth. Others have shown that GRM1 modulating drugs also reduce viability and growth of estrogen receptor (ER) negative breast cancer cell lines. Riluzole, a postulated inhibitor of glutamate release, has been evaluated in pre-clinical studies in melanoma. Early clinical trials have shown promising results for this disease. However, the mechanistic effects of riluzole have not been well-defined. Therefore, we evaluated the functional activity of riluzole in breast cancer. A molecularly diverse set of ER+ and ER- breast cancer cell lines with variable GRM1 expression were evaluated. Cell lines were treated with either riluzole or BAY 36-7620 (non-competitive GRM1 antagonist) or their combination. Treatment with either drug reduces cell number and viability, inhibits cell proliferation, and alters expression of cell cycle and apoptotic pathway genes as determined by gene microarray analysis. Drug treatment produces cell line-dependent effects on markers for proliferation, cell cycle, DNA damage, and apoptosis. Riluzole induces G2/M arrest in all cell lines tested. More specifically, riluzole induces mitotic arrest as demonstrated by changes in histone H3 phosphorylation at serine 10 and cyclin B level. Treatment with BAY 36-7620 induces a modest G2/M arrest and increase in the sub G1 population in a subset of cell lines. However, BAY 36-7620 does not induce mitotic arrest. The combination of riluzole and BAY 36-7620 results in increased cell death and decreased proliferation in all cell lines tested. Our data suggest that either riluzole or BAY 36-7620 induce breast cancer cell death. However, riluzole may modulate the activity of intracellular targets independent of GRM1. As riluzole is an FDA-approved drug, it could be quickly moved into a clinical trial and may provide a novel therapeutic approach in the treatment of breast cancer. Citation Format: Sonia C. Dolfi, Daniel J. Medina, Shridar Ganesan, Alexei Vazquez, Kim M. Hirshfield. Riluzole effectively modulates cell cycle and cell death in a molecularly diverse set of breast cancer cell lines. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 4463. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-4463
Model predictive control of parametric excited pitch-surge modes in wave energy converters

Abstract For a heave-pitch-surge three-degrees-of-freedom wave energy converter, the heave mode is usually decoupled from the pitch-surge modes for small motions. The pitch-surge modes are usually coupled and are parametrically excited by the heave mode, depending on the buoy geometry. In this paper, a Model Predictive Control is applied to the parametric excited pitch-surge motion, while the heave motion is optimized independently. The optimality conditions are derived, and a gradient-based numerical optimization algorithm is used to search for the optimal control. Numerical tests are conducted for regular and Bretschneider waves. The results demonstrate that the proposed control can be implemented to harvest more than three times the energy that can be harvested using a heave-only wave energy converter. The energy harvested using a parametrically excited model is higher than that is harvested when using a linear model.
Multi-level photonics for trapped-ion quantum computing

A scalable trapped-ion-based quantum-computing architecture requires the capability to optically address individual ions at several wavelengths. We demonstrate a dual-layered silicon nitride photonic platform for integration into planar ion traps designed for trapped-ion control in a 400 to 1100 nm wavelength range.
Weak binding mode of CH4 on rutile crystallites from density functional theory calculations

Abstract In the recent years, the surfaces of oxides and fluorides have received considerable attention due to their suitability for emerging technologies such as fuel cells. Among these substances, well-known rutile TiO2, and rutile-like SnO2, MgF2 and ZnF2 are of particular interest owing to their utilization in a wide range of applications such as heterogeneous catalysis. In order to probe these materials for their catalytic activity, physisorption of small organic molecules, such as methane, on their respective dominant surfaces is of potential value. However, the lack of adequate experimental results on the adsorption energetics and geometries of binding particles, has stimulated a large number of computational studies. In this work, the van der Waals-driven sorption of CH4 on (1 1 0) face of all of the abovementioned structures has been examined computationally. A manifold of dispersion-corrected DFT methods was applied to evaluate the binding and surface energies as well as surface-induced atomic displacements. Only the most energetically favored configuration of the adsorption, has been examined. The calculated values were compared to the pertinent literature data, either theoretical or experimental, when available. Whilst optB86b-vdW produces the most consistent atomic displacements, despite its confinements, revPBE-D3 results in the most accurate adsorption energies for CH4-TiO2(1 1 0). Calculated surface energies were in agreement with the prior studies if available.
AN INTEGRATED VIEW OF LYSOSOME FUNCTION

Lysosomes form an intracellular digestive systern. They serve in the breakdown of exogenous materials taken in by endocytosis (heterophagy), of endogenous constituents segregated from the cells' own cytoplasm (autophagy), and of secretory substances contributed by secretion granules (crinophagy). These materials are cleared from the Lysosomes by digestion followed by diffusion or transport of the products across the Lysosomal membrane. Non-permeant undigestible residues of this process are Left behind as permanent intralysosomal deposits. Overloading of the Lysosomes in this way may Lead to storage diseases. Bulk discharge of the Lysosomal contents by exocytosis (defecation) may serve as an alternative clearing mechanism, but it is restricted to a few cell types, or to pathological situations where it results in enzymatic injuries to extracellular structures.
Paleoindian Artifacts of West Virginia

Paleoindian era archaeological materials remain significantly understudied in West Virginia. This brief provides the first summary of West Virginian Paleoindian artifacts in 50 years and reports 13...
The Zombie Body of Linear Perspective Vision

Time is examined for its implications for an equally radical transformation in the conception and experience of space and place. The emergence of the linear perspective technique in Renaissance art, as developed by Brunelleschi and Alberti, is systematically examined as a cultural artifact that uniquely discloses a qualitative shift in the perception of spatiality, which in turn implies a transformation of lived embodiment. The lived embodiment of a culture informed by linear perspective vision is found to reflect the medical body of the cadaver, whose memorial body has been neglected and suppressed through a process of clinical detachment, expressed through an objectivist epistemology. The cultural myth of the zombie is analyzed as a shadow of the neglected memorial body and suppressed lived body.