cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Serum reverse triiodothyronine and thyroxine kinetics in patients with chronic renal failure.

Patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) have reduced serum total T3 (TT3) but normal total rT3 (TrT3) concentrations. These findings contrast with those of nonrenal nonthyroidal illnesses and malnutrition where low TT3 levels are associated with elevated TrT3 values. To evaluate the mechanisms for the normal TrT3 concentrations in CRF patients, iv bolus serum kinetic studies of labeled rT3 were carried out in 13 CRF and 8 normal subjects. In addition, T4 kinetics were studied in 7 CRF and 20 normal individuals. The CRF patients had normal or minimally reduced serum albumin [3.8 ± 0.2 (SE) g/dl] and transferrin (281 ± 17 mg/dl) levels and normal relative BW (95 ± 4%) and body mass index (23.0 ± 0.9 kg/m2) values, indicating adequate protein nutritional status. The mean serum TT3 levels were decreased to 62% of the normal mean (P < 0.001). There were significant increases in the mean values of the percent free fraction of rT3 (135% of normal mean, P < 0.001), free rT3 (131%, P < 0.001) and T4 binding glob...
PI(3)P-independent and -dependent pathways function together in a vacuolar translocation sequence to target malarial proteins to the host erythrocyte

Abstract Malaria parasites export ‘a secretome’ of hundreds of proteins, including major virulence determinants, from their endoplasmic reticulum (ER), past the parasite plasma and vacuolar membranes to the host erythrocyte. The export mechanism is high affinity (nanomolar) binding of a host (cell) targeting (HT) motif RxLxE/D/Q to the lipid phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI(3)P) in the ER. Cleavage of the HT motif releases the secretory protein from the ER membrane. The HT motif is thought to be the only export signal resident in an N-terminal vacuolar translocation sequence (VTS) that quantitatively targets green fluorescent protein to the erythrocyte. We have previously shown that the R to A mutation in the HT motif, abrogates VTS binding to PI(3)P ( K d > 5 μM). We now show that remarkably, the R to A mutant is exported to the host erythrocyte, for both membrane and soluble reporters, although the efficiency of export is reduced to ∼30% of that seen with a complete VTS. Mass spectrometry indicates that the R to A mutant is cleaved at sites upstream of the HT motif. Antibodies to upstream sequences confirm that aberrantly cleaved R to A protein mutant is exported to the erythrocyte. These data suggest that export mechanisms, independent of PI(3)P as well as those dependent on PI(3)P, function together in a VTS to target parasite proteins to the host erythrocyte.
The impact of sleep-disordered breathing on cognition and behavior in children: A review and meta-synthesis of the literature

Objectives The goal of this review is to provide a synthesis of the current literature addressing the effects of sleep-disordered breathing on cognition and behavior in children aged 2–18. Study design and setting A computerized search was performed to include studies between 1966 and 2001. Studies were assessed based on research question, sampling, intervention, outcomes, confounding, and statistical methods. Sensitivity analyses were performed for quantitative assessments of selection bias, misclassification, and confounding. Results Seventeen reports with 5312 patients were reviewed. The majority of these studies demonstrated poor sampling, insufficient consideration of confounders, and imprecise use of statistical tools. However, there was little evidence of bias in two studies when scrutinized using a sensitivity analysis. Conclusions Despite suggested links between daytime behavior problems and neurocognitive deficits, there is little certainty for causality based on the quality of the evidence. Significance By discussing the quality of the current evidence, we hope to improve study design and contribute to the development of an understanding of this complex topic.
THE EFFECT OF PURIFIED BOVINE THYROIDSTIMULATING HORMONE IN MAN. II. LOSS OF EFFECTIVENESS WITH PROLONGED ADMINISTRATION

Four normal human subjects received repeated doses of a highly purified bovine thyrotropin (prepared by the method of Pierce et al.) and the response was monitored by the rise in the two-hour thyroidal uptake of I132. All subjects initially responded to doses of TSH varying from 0.0032 to 0.050 unit per Kg. of body weight. All became refractory to the effects of the TSH after five to twenty-nine doses. Sera obtained after development of resistance contained hemagglutinating and neutralizing antibodies to thyrotropin.
Morphine excitation: Effects on field potentials recorded in the in vitro hippocampal slice

The hippocampal slice preparation was used to study the effects of morphine on CA1 field potentials recorded in vitro. Morphine sulfate (10−3 M) produced two distinct excitatory effects when added to the bathing media or applied directly to the slice via a pressure pipette injection system. First, morphine produced an increase in amplitude and a reduction in latency of the CA1 population spike elicited by orthodromic stimulation of stratum radiatum, without any change in the amplitude of the synaptic field potential. This was accompanied by a pronounced shift to the left of the population spike input-output curve indicating an increase in excitability of the CA1 neurons. At higher stimulus intensities, orthodromic stimulation produced a series of multiple peaks following the original population spike where only a single spike had been present before morphine application. The increase in population spike amplitude was partially reversed by application of the morphine antagonist naloxone, but naloxone did not affect the number of peaks elicited in morphine-treated slices. Pentobarbital was effective in reducing the number of stimulus-elicited peaks but did not reduce the increase in the population spike. The possibility that these effects are mediated by morphine-induced inhibition of GABAergic synapses in the hippocampus is discussed.
High-speed roll-to-roll nanoimprint lithography on flexible substrate and mold-separation analysis

Continuous Roll-to-Roll NanoImprint Lithography (R2RNIL) provides greatly improved throughput by overcoming the challenges faced by conventional NIL in maintaining pressure uniformity and successful large-area imprinting and demolding. We present continuous imprinting of nanoscale structures with linewidth down to 70nm on a flexible plastic substrate. Our new process used a flexible and non-sticking fluoropolymer mold, and fast thermal and UV curable liquid resist materials. In addition, pattern quality in continuous R2RNIL process according to two different mold-separation directions has been analytically investigated.
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome complicating pregnancy

Objective: The purpose of this report is to bring to the attention of obstetric care providers the occurrence in pregnancy of a threatening pulmonary syndrome caused by hantavirus infection. Study Design: Two recent cases of hantavirus pneumonitis in pregnancy, one complicated by adult respiratory distress syndrome, are presented. The clinical characteristics and epidemiology of the illness, which has now been reported in 12 western states, are detailed. Results: Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome is characterized by pneumonitis, often progressing to adult respiratory distress syndrome, which is accompanied by thrombocytopenia, lactacidemia, and leukocytosis with a marked left shift. Severe hypoxemia and lactacidemia were associated with a poor perinatal outcome. Conclusion: The hantavirus pulmonary syndrome occurring during pregnancy may be life-threatening and may result in fetal hypoxemic damage.
A novel method for medical implant in-body localization

Wireless communication medical implants are gaining an important role in healthcare systems by controlling and transmitting the vital information of the patients. Recently, Wireless Capsule Endoscopy (WCE) has become a popular method to visualize and diagnose the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Estimating the exact location of the capsule when each image is taken is a very critical issue in capsule endoscopy. Most of the common capsule localization methods are based on estimating one or more location-dependent signal parameters like TOA or RSS. However, some unique challenges exist for in-body localization due to the complex nature within the human body. In this paper, we propose a novel one-stage localization method based on spatial sparsity in 3D space. In this method, we directly estimate the location of the capsule (as the emitter) without going through the intermediate stage of TOA or signal strength estimation. We evaluate the performance of the proposed method using Monte Carlo simulation with an RF signal following the allowable power and bandwidth ranges according to the standards. The results show that the proposed method is very effective and accurate even in massive multipath and shadowing conditions.
Teacher involvement in school mental health interventions: A systematic review

Abstract Schools are large providers of mental health services for children and adolescents. Recent educational policy initiatives at the federal level have ushered in Response to Intervention and school-wide behavior supports that have potential to involve teachers in school mental health interventions. Little research exists investigating the involvement of teachers in school mental health services or the level of efficacy associated with teachers providing these services. This paper conducts a systematic review to investigate the extent to which teachers a) are the primary school-based service providers, b) collaboratively work with other professionals to provide services, and c) what levels of interventions within the Response to Intervention (RTI) framework apply to these interventions. This paper further evaluates how efficacious teachers and school mental health professionals are in impacting outcomes in previous studies. Results indicated that out of the 49 school mental health studies analyzed, teachers were actively involved in 40.8% of mental health interventions evaluated, and were the sole providers of interventions in 18.4% of the studies. It was also found that many of these school mental health interventions were universal (Tier 1) and took place in the classrooms. Further examination of findings suggested that different personnel, such as school mental health professionals and teachers, achieved similar outcomes across the studies.
SU‐GG‐T‐560: Method for Optimizing Geometric Beam Parameters for Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy of Multiple Brain Metastases

Purpose: Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) treatment can be a patient friendly delivery choice for brainstereotactic radiosurgery especially in the setting of multiple lesions. Depending on the geometric relationship of the targets, one lesion may “shadow” another during portions of the arc which affects plan quality. With the proper table and collimator angles, however, target shadowing can be reduced or avoided. Our goal is to establish a method to determine the best angles for VMAT treatment. Method and Materials: The method consists of four steps: 1) define the vector of Beam‐Eye‐View(BEV)‐Y axis in the treatment planning CT coordinates which defines the plane of MLC travel. 2) project each lesion onto the BEV y‐axis vector. 3) determine the best table and collimator angle that minimizes MLC leaf sharing between lesions. 4) using these table and collimator angles generate an optimized VMAT plan and evaluate the plan quality. We performed test plans on 3 patients and demonstrate that the proposed method resulted in superior plans for several example cases of targets of various sizes and locations. Depending on the lesions' geometric relationship multiple arcs may be required. Results: We tested the method on three example cases with targets of various locations in the brain and sizes ranging from 1.18 to 17.86 cm3. Applying the optimized geometric parameter to generate VMAT plan, the volume of normal brain receiving 12Gy or more was reduced more than 6.1% for all cases. The plan homogeneity (D2% –D95% ) was also improved from 5.88± 1.21Gy to 5.21± 0.93Gy vs. a VMAT plan with the manufacturer recommended table and collimator angles. Conclusion: The projection method is a promising tool for improving VMAT delivery in the setting of multiple brain metastases.
Positron annihilation in dextro and laevo amino acid

Abstract High-precision positron lifetime spectra in tryptophan do not confirm the pronounced asymmetries in the interaction of positrons from radioactive sources with the d and l forms that were reported earlier and quoted as a cause for the the evolution of living matter with laevo amino acids.
Studies on mitochondria III. The relationship of structure and function of mitochondria from heart muscle

Abstract The shape of the mitochondria from heart muscle is correlated with oxidative activity. Both osmotic pressure and the concentration of magnesium exert a comparable influence on morphology and oxidation. On the other hand, several electrolytes depress oxidation without alteration of mitochondrial structure.
Force Measurements between Colloidal Particles of Identical Zeta Potentials Using Differential Electrophoresis

The technique of differential electrophoresis can be used to measure subpiconewton forces between Brownian colloidal particles. Previously, this technique was limited by two factors: (1) forces could be measured only between particles with different average zeta potentials and (2) the particles had to be large enough for observation under a light microscope. This paper focuses on overcoming factor 1 by using a third particle as a “handle”, allowing forces to be measured between particles with identical zeta potentials. Semianalytical solutions to the electrokinetic equations for three spheres were developed, with results similar to those for two spheres, enabling the ready interpretation of experiments. Interparticle forces were then measured for charged polystyrene latex particles 1.5 and 4.5 μm in diameter over a range of aqueous solution conditions. One important finding was that while nearly-touching particles aggregate irreversibly in the absence of the polyelectrolyte sodium polystyrene sulfonate (...
User satisfaction with electronic reference: a systematic review

Purpose – The paper aims to systematically review research that analyzes satisfaction with electronic reference services, paying particular attention to how user satisfaction is measured. The application and value of evidence‐based methodologies for library and information science (LIS) research are explored.Design/methodology/approach – Database searches identified research concerned with electronic reference. Articles with a variable of user satisfaction were extracted and subjected to a critical appraisal. The remaining research was analyzed for similarities, differences, and consistency.Findings – A wide variety of methods are used to measure user satisfaction. There was almost no overlap in specific questions considered although there were some similarities in methodologies used. The results of this analysis show a lack of standardization in LIS research on this topic.Research limitations/implications – There may be some bias in the selection of research in that the reviewers were only able to obtain...
Analysis and design of a novel hydraulic power source for mobile robots

We have developed a novel device to supply hydraulic power for anaerobic mobile robotic systems. This power source demonstrates the possibility of operation in oxygen-free environments, such as underwater or in space. Unlike the internal combustion engine, the design produces power on demand, eliminating idling when there is no load on the system. This monopropellant-powered free piston hydraulic pump (FPHP) was designed as a human scale (1.0-3.0 kW) power source, and produces only steam and oxygen as its byproducts. The FPHP utilizes high concentration hydrogen peroxide as the monopropellant energy source, which decomposes into hot gas when exposed to a catalyst. Energy is extracted from the hydrogen peroxide and transferred directly to hydraulic fluid by expanding the hot decomposition gas in an integrated piston/cylinder arrangement. Based on a specific power and specific energy analysis using a Ragone plot, the performance of the FPHP potentially exceeds that of a battery-based hydraulic power source for short operation times. Note to Practitioners-This project was motivated by the need for a simple free piston engine that is capable of producing hydraulic power. A free piston engine has no crankshaft or rotating motion, only a piston assembly that is constrained to move in a linear fashion within a bore. The energy of the free piston can be harnessed by pressurizing a working fluid or generating electrical power. Instead of relying on the combustion of gasoline or diesel fuel to move the free piston, which involves problems with fuel/air mixing and ignition timing, we created a device that is powered by the catalytic decomposition of a monopropellant. This concept overcomes the problems with a combustion powered free piston engine and also affords operation in environments with no atmosphere, such as underwater or in space. The device we constructed is an integrated free piston engine and hydraulic pump with very few moving parts. This monopropellant free piston engine could be adapted for use with any source of pressurized gas (preferably one with a high specific energy) and could be scaled to varying power outputs. The largest hurdle to overcome before realizing reliable operation of the free piston hydraulic pump (FPHP) is ensuring that the catalyst effectively decomposes the monopropellant.
Visually guided animation

We are interested in being able to take classic film characters, or video of current-day personalities, and produce computer models and animations of them by automatic analysis of the video or film footage. In this paper we survey our progress toward producing such automatic modeling and animation systems. >
Size scales over which ordinary chondrites and their parent asteroids are homogeneous in oxidation state and oxygen-isotopic composition

Abstract Literature data demonstrate that on a global, asteroid-wide scale (plausibly on the order of 100 km), ordinary chondrites (OC) have heterogeneous oxidation states and O-isotopic compositions (represented, respectively, by the mean olivine Fa and bulk Δ 17 O compositions of equilibrated samples). Samples analyzed here include: (a) two H5 chondrite Antarctic finds (ALHA79046 and TIL 82415) that have the same cosmic-ray exposure age (7.6 Ma) and were probably within ∼1 km of each other when they were excavated from the H-chondrite parent body, (b) different individual stones from the Holbrook L/LL6 fall that were probably within ∼1 m of each other when their parent meteoroid penetrated the Earth’s atmosphere, and (c) drill cores from a large slab of the Estacado H6 find located within a few tens of centimeters of each other. Our results indicate that OC are heterogeneous in their bulk oxidation state and O-isotopic composition on 100-km-size scales, but homogeneous on meter-, decimeter- and centimeter-size scales. (On kilometer size scales, oxidation state is heterogeneous, but O isotopes appear to be homogeneous.) The asteroid-wide heterogeneity in oxidation state and O-isotopic composition was inherited from the solar nebula. The homogeneity on small size scales was probably caused in part by fluid-assisted metamorphism and mainly by impact-gardening processes (which are most effective at mixing target materials on scales of ⩽1 m).
Hepatocellular Carcinoma Associated Lipid Metabolism Reprogramming

Background. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary malignancy of the liver with a high worldwide prevalence and poor prognosis. Previous data, by Affymetrix microarray analysis, has shown a decrease in genes involved in phospholipid catabolism, fatty acid catabolism, choline metabolism, and bile acid metabolism in HCC compared with control tissue. The aim of this study was to better understand metabolic processes in relation to the development of HCC. Materials and Methods. Tumor, plasma, and bile samples were collected at the time of hepatic resection for HCC. All bile specimens were collected from the gallbladder at the beginning of the case. Normal bile and plasma were collected from patients undergoing cholecystectomy for non-neoplastic disease. Liver biopsy samples were taken from both tumor and adjacent normal tissue. Phospholipid levels were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). Results. Targeted phospholipid analysis by HPTLC and ELISA showed a modified choline metabolic profile within the liver, bile, and serum, culminating in an increased synthesis of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). Choline was significantly increased in tumor tissue; lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) was increased within bile while LPA wasincreased inall three biological samples of HCC patients compared with controls. Phosphatidylcholine was not significantly changed. Conclusions. HCC is congruent with a reprogramming of choline catabolism and phospholipid metabolism. Increased LPA may provide a potent mitogenic and proliferative microenvironment via autocrine/ paracrine activation of high-affinity G-protein-coupled receptors. Additional research is required to better understand the role of these pathways in HCC
Why are we meeting

Several technologies that support meetings use application software that is tailored to particular meeting purposes and is less suitable for others. The author surveys 'use of time' research to identify common meeting purposes that need to be supported and, to the extent possible, to quantify their relative frequencies and explain why the most common meeting purposes are so prevalent. >
Project management using point graphs

A graph-based approach for scheduling and monitoring temporal events and activities in a system engineering project is presented. It attempts to overcome some of the limitations of traditional project management approaches by allowing specifications of real-time milestones, and by breaking the finish-start barrier between the activities. An example of a residential construction project is used to illustrate the approach. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng
The big one: The epistemic system break in scholarly monograph publishing:

A system of scholarly monograph publishing, primarily under the auspices of university presses, coalesced only 50 years ago as part of the final stage of the professionalization of US institutions of higher education. The resulting analogue publishing system supplied the authorized print monographs that academic institutions newly required for faculty tenure and promotion. That publishing system – as each of its components – was bounded, stable, identifiable, well ordered, and well policed. As successive financial shocks battered both the country in general and scholarly publishing in particular, just a decade after its final formation, the analogue system went into extended decline. Finally, it is now giving way to a digital scholarly publishing system whose configuration and components are still obscure and in flux, but whose epistemological bases differ from the analogue system in almost all important respects: it will be relatively unbounded and stochastic, composed of units that are inherently amorph...
A cogging torque compensating disturbance estimator for DC motor speed regulation: Design and experimentation

A disturbance estimator was designed and integrated into an existing proportional and integral controller DC motor speed control system to improve the speed regulation. The DC motor in the existing control system possessed a large amount of cogging torque, causing a periodic speed error. This cogging torque was treated as an equivalent input disturbance which then was estimated using a disturbance estimator. The estimated disturbance was utilized to reject the cogging torque. The speed response was largely improved by augmenting this disturbance estimator. The robust stability and performance of this scheme were investigated. Experiment results demonstrated the effectiveness of this scheme.
Disparities of Food Availability and Affordability within Convenience Stores in Bexar County, Texas

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends healthful food choices; however, some geographic areas are limited in the types of foods they offer. Little is known about the role of convenience stores as viable channels to provide healthier foods in our "grab and go" society. The purposes of this study were to (1) identify foods offered within convenience stores located in two Bexar County, Texas, ZIP Codes and (2) compare the availability and cost of ADA-recommended foods including beverages, produce, grains, and oils/fats. Data were analyzed from 28 convenience store audits performed in two sociodemographically diverse ZIP Codes in Bexar County, Texas. Chi-squared tests were used to compare food availability, and t-tests were used to compare food cost in convenience stores between ZIP Codes. A significantly larger proportion of convenience stores in more affluent areas offered bananas (χ (2) = 4.17, P = 0.003), whole grain bread (χ (2) = 8.33, P = 0.004), and baked potato chips (χ (2) = 13.68, P < 0.001). On average, the price of diet cola (t = -2.12, P = 0.044) and certain produce items (e.g., bananas, oranges, tomatoes, broccoli, and cucumber) was significantly higher within convenience stores in more affluent areas. Convenience stores can play an important role to positively shape a community's food environment by stocking healthier foods at affordable prices.
Satellite in vitro fertilization: The Oregon experience

Abstract Objective: This study was designed to compare the results of preliminary evaluation, ovarian hyperstimulation, and monitoring of patients at a distant in vitro fertilization satellite center with those treated at the main campus of the program. Study design: Fifty-four patients completing oocyte retrieval cycles at the Eugene satellite Oregon Health Sciences University in vitro fertilization program for the period Jan. 1, 1991, through Dec. 31, 1993, were compared with 222 patients at the main campus for age, peak estradiol level, number of oocytes, retrieved, number of embryos, clinical pregnancy rate, and pregnancy outcome. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the Eugene in vitro fertilization satellite center and the main campus for any of the factors analyzed with the exception of clinical pregnancy rate. The clinical pregnancy rate per cycle at the Eugene satellite center was 39% while the Portland main campus rate was 23% ( p = 0.027), presumably because of a larger number of couples with severe male factor infertility at the central site. Conclusion: A distant in vitro fertilization satellite program was highly successful in the Oregon experience. In addition to greater convenience to the patients, the program was highly comparable to main campus program in measured parameters of ovarian hyperstimulation, oocyte retrieval, number of embryos, and pregnancy rate.
Ca(2+)-permeable, outwardly-rectifying K+ channels in mesophyll cells of Arabidopsis thaliana.

Arabidopsis thaliana has become a powerful tool in ge- netics and molecular biology. In order to use Arabidopsis as a model system for electrophysiological studies on plant cells, a detailed characterization of the transporters present in the plasma and vacuolar membranes of this species is re- quired. We used the patch-clamp technique to study ion channels in the plasma membrane of Arabidopsis meso- phyll cells. The most prominent conductance in these cells was a K + -selective, voltage-dependent, outwardly-rectify- ing channel (IR.OUI)- In the whole-cell configuration, IR.OUI was observed in 100% of the cells assayed. In contrast, in- ward current was observed in less than 50% of the cells which were bathed in 100 mM K + , and was totally absent from cells bathed in 10 mM K + . The activation kinetics of IKou, were modulated by the external K + concentration with a faster activation at low external K + . Tail-current analysis revealed that in addition to K + , IK oul is also perme- able to Ca 2+ and Ba 2+ . Externally applied Ba 2+ also caused a voltage-dependent decrease in current magnitude, in- dicating that IKoI1, is also partially blocked by this classic K + channel blocker. Single channels studied in outside-out patches showed Ca 2+ and Ba 2+ sensitivity, voltage depend- ence and time activation similar to that of IK,Oui ' n the whole-cell configuration. Given their permeability to Ca 2+ , these channels may function as an avenue for Ca 2+ influx as well as K + efflux, both of which may affect photosynthe- sis.
Some attributes of design theory

Abstract It is argued that ‘design theory’ is properly a theory about theories or a metatheory. With that as a starting point, methods now available in the systems literature to treat designs as assemblies of modules are discussed. Applications to a work station for fabric roof design are included.
THE POTENCY OF CERTAIN DESOXYCORTICOSTERONE ESTERS WITH RESPECT TO THE PRODUCTION OF HYPERTENSION AND CARDIOVASCULAR LESIONS

OF THE 11-desoxycorticoids which are available for therapeutic use, desoxycorticosterone acetate (DC-acetate) has enjoyed the widest acceptance. In an effort to increase the activity of the hormone either by conferring upon the steroid a more favorable absorption rate or reducing the rate at which it is metabolized by the body, various esters, in addition to the commonly used acetate, have been prepared. The water soluble DC-glucoside has proven to be very effective, when administered intravenously, in effecting the recovery of adrenalectomized dogs from the symptoms of acute adrenal insufficiency (Meier et al., 1944; Swingle et al., 1952). DC-benzoate, DC-palmitate and DC-butyrate have each been found, when given in identical dosage by single injections, to prolong the life of adrenalectomized rats more effectively than either dexoxycorticosterone or its acetate. With the recent preparation of DC-trimethylacetate and DC-phenylacetate, attention has again been focused on the metabolic effects of desoxycor...
Corrosion management for data centers

The recent interest in air-side cooling and the spread of data centers into geographies with higher levels of atmospheric contamination is requiring more attention towards air quality management in data centers. One concern of air side economization is an increase in contamination levels potentially leading to more failures and outages of the IT equipment. In this paper we describe a corrosion measurement and management technology that enables high accuracy and real time monitoring of the gaseous contamination. The synergistic effects of indoor air temperature and relative humidity on corrosion rates are investigated and the spatial and the temporal variations of the corrosivity are established. Filtering of the outside air, both for particulate and gaseous contamination can mitigate air contamination in data centers. Implementing a facility wide air quality monitoring system promises the safe use of air-side economizers and would establish appropriate filtering, which enable early prevention of critical situations for information technology (IT) equipment operations.
H. J. Eysenck

Hans Eysenck studierte an der University of London, wo er 1940 auch promovierte. Nach dem zweiten Weltkrieg schlos er sich der Fakultat der University of London an, wo er das erste psychologische Institut in England aufbaute, das eine Ausbildung in klinischer Psychologie anbot. Er ist Autor mehrerer Bucher, von denen einige die Millionenauflage uberstiegen. Er arbeitet zur Zeit am Institute of Psychiatry at the University of London sowie am Maudsley Hospital und Bethlehem Royal Hospital. Zu seinen bedeutenden Beitragen gehoren der therapeutische Ansatz, den er Verhaltenstherapie nennt, wie auch der wichtige faktorenanalytische Ansatz zur Personlichkeitsmessung.
The Portrait of the Artist in Japanese Fiction

IN Japan, as in the West, the novelist has become his own favorite character. But the Japanese novelist (or short-story writer) seems less anxious to conceal his predilection than to flaunt it, so many frank self-portraits are there in the gallery of shosetsu. He appears in his fiction as a writer. We see him at work-pressed to meet a deadline, interrupted by the visits of literary friends, smoking and sipping tea over a hibachi, or at a desk cluttered with books, papers, pens and pencils, brushes and inkstone. We go with him on a holiday or to a rendezvous; we follow, in quotidian detail, his ordinary monotonous routine. Novels, stories, and sketches elaborate this rather seedy character, which the reader is allowed-sometimes encouraged-to accept as autobiographical. The book-haunting author is thus a familiar apparition, one that has haunted Japanese critics of the past three decades. If these critics have now and then seemed over-credulous in identifying an author with his hero, they have nevertheless shown that autobiography and fiction are easily confused in Japan. Still, their obsession with the problem of autobiographical fiction is itself a problem, or at least a curiosity, since Western criticism displays no such interest in the genre. "It is natural for a novelist to be autobiographical," a reviewer in the Times Literary Supplement observes; "that is what distinguishes him from mere writers of fiction."' Natural, but hardly worth investigating. Although life and works can never be disentangled, even their obvious correspondences do not tell us why a certain book is, in fact, worth reading. They may help the critic to explain the genesis of a bad book, but this, he knows, is an unrewarding task. Each new season will bring its luxuriant crop of confessional first novels. Writers will go on studying themselves, their unpleasant childhoods, and their unhappy love affairs. Narcissistic, self-lacerating, nostalgic, bitter-they will go on wearing their hearts (or livers) on their sleeves. Yet Japanese literary criticism since the late Taishoperiod has largely been engaged in an attempt to suppress the autobiographical shosetsu. Extravagantly praised by some, it has been called a monstrosity by others, most
Relation of mass buying to mass selling

THE title of this paper was suggested by the divergence of current ideas on the relationships between the modern grocery chains and the large farm co6peratives selling food products. The paper itself grew out of an attempt to clarify the discussions of the relationship between these two groups and particularly as the results have a bearing on the welfare of producers and consumers of farm products. The beginnings of the retail grocery chains in this country along present-day lines occurred sometime after the establishment irr 1859 of the first unit of the Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company. The early chains were based particularly on the standardization of processed foods, systematization of the retail business, and such consolidation of activities as was possible for an integrated organization. These chain stores at first separated out the low cost lines most suitable for the new method of handling. Thus staple groceries, particularly of the packaged types, were first adopted. Soon, however, fruits and vegetables and more recently meats have come in for intensive and expansive development by this type of retailer. A factor that has doubtless favored the development of the grocery chain stores with
Irreversibility, Probabilities and Dressed Unstable States in Quantum Mechanics

The problem of the meaning of quantum unstable states including their dressing is considered. The formulation given in terms of density matrices outside the Hilbert space is used. A dressed unstable state for the Friedrichs model, which is the simplest model that incorporates both bare and dressed quantum states is obtained. Due to resonance singularities that appear in the frequency denominators, quantum unstable systems are categorized as non-integrable systems in the sense of Poincare. The excited unstable state is derived from the stable states through a suitable analytic continuation of the denominators. It is given by an irreducible density matrix with broken time-symmetry. Our state decays following a Markovian equation. There are no deviations from exponential decay neither for short nor for long times, as is the case for the bare state. The dressed state satisfies an uncertainty relation between energy and lifetime. There are experiments that could verify our proposal. A typical one would be the ...
Lack of directional selectivity of cassaine in excitation of the medullary emetic chemoreceptor trigger zone from blood and cerebrospinal fluid in cats.

SummaryCassaine sulfate produced emesis in cats when given by intracerebroventricular (0.02 mg in 0.20 ml) and intravenous (0.5 mg/kg) injection with an average latency of 6 min in either case. The emesis elicited through both routes of administration was eliminated after chronic ablation of the chemoreceptor trigger zone in the area post-rema of the medulla oblongata. The emetic response to intravenous cassaine was blocked by pretreatment with intraventricular cassaine. Intravenous deslanoside only partially blocked the emetic activity of intraventricular cassaine. These results indicate that the emetic receptors of the chemoreceptor trigger zone are accessible to cassaine from the blood as well as from the cerebrospinal fluid, and that identical receptor elements are stimulated by the drug through both routes of administration. This lack of directional selectivity of cassaine stands in contrast to the known selectivity of the cardiac glycosides.
Energy Levels of Defects in a-Si:H from Optical and Electrical Characteristics

Two novel characterization techniques for hydrogenated silicon thin films have been recently proposed which show promise in providing critical feedback for evaluating materials and monitoring the device fabrication process. The first technique is the optical interference spectroscopy for a quick non-destructive measurement of absorption coefficient and refractive index spectra of amorphous- and poly-Si thin films in a wide range of the incident photon energies (0.5-3.5 eV) [1], By using this technique, the absorption related to defects in the subgap energy region has been determined for device quality thin films. The second technique is the novel version of the field effect conductivity (FEC) method for the direct density-of-states (DOS) determination from analysis of thin film transistor (TFT) quasi-static transfer characteristics [2]. This sensitive, fast, and easy to use, method makes it possible to resolve fine-scale features in the midgap DOS of a-Si:H. In this work, data from two methods of spectroscopy are analyzed together. Very close correlation of results is demonstrated which provides a unique opportunity to identify midgap defect states and to understand the fundamental physics of hydrogenated silicon films. The energy map of defect states in the upper half of a-Si:H bandgap is presented. These results permits to use TFT transfer characteristics and optical interference technique measurements as effective tools to control the quality of TFT manufacturing process.
Resistance of housefly in Zhenjiang city

Objective To grasp the status of housefly's resistance to insecticides in Zhenjiang city,and study its control strategy.Methods Using topical application method.Results The resistance of housefly in Zhenjiang and sensitive strains of Jiangsu Province were at a high level,the resistance coefficient of deltamethrin was 1 990,it's the highest.Beta-cypermethrin was the lowest,was 24.96,dichlorvos was 680.17.Conclusion It is necessary to increase the frequency and types of housefly's resistance monitor and use insecticides reasonably,it can also slow down the development of resistance.
A Study of the Clinicians Approach to Patients' Driving Status in the Memory Clinic Setting

Introduction Memory services constitute a significant part of old age psychiatry. Part of the memory assessment includes discussion of driving status as legally there is a requirement to disclose a dementia diagnosis to the DVLA (Driving and Vehicle Licensing Agency). At assessment a driving assessment can be undertaken to establish whether a patient is safe to continue driving. Objectives To establish if discussions regarding driving are taking place in memory assessment clinics, and if available guidance regarding dementia diagnosis and driving are followed. To then re-audit the department following dissemination of results from the initial audit. Methods Standards set were 100% of patients would have documented discussion of driving. 60 patients were randomly selected from 423 referrals to memory assessment clinic between August 2012 and January 2013. Their electronic records were accessed and audited for evidence regarding documented discussion of driving. The same process was repeated following dissemination of results, with 40 patients records audited between March and May 2014. Data was collected from Bristol Activity of Daily Living Scale (BADLS) and trust pro-forma. Results Patients given a diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment were excluded. Of others, 55% of patients in the first audit and 56% of patients in the second audit had documented discussions regarding driving status. Conclusion Standards were not met in either audit for a multitude of reasons, including restructuring of services. Recommendations include improvement of information collection tools and further audit, allowing for a longer length of time for implementation of changes.
CRT-100.63 Sex Differences In Outcomes Following PCI: Are We Finally Narrowing The Gap?

Women undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are at a higher risk for bleeding and vascular complications than men. Multiple approaches have been utilized to reduce bleeding, including radial access, reduced GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor use, increased vascular closure device use, and novel
Evaluating the effects of modeling errors for isolated finite 3D targets

Optical 3-D nanostructure metrology utilizes a model-based metrology approach to determine critical dimensions (CDs) that are well below the inspection wavelength. Our project at the National Institute of Standards and Technology is evaluating how to attain key CD and shape parameters from engineered in-die capable metrology targets. More specifically, the CDs are determined by varying the input parameters for a physical model until the simulations agree with the actual measurements within acceptable error bounds. As in most applications, establishing a reasonable balance between model accuracy and time efficiency is a complicated task. A well-established simplification is to model the intrinsically finite 3-D nanostructures as either periodic or infinite in one direction, reducing the computationally expensive 3-D simulations to usually less complex 2-D problems. Systematic errors caused by this simplified model directly influence the fitting of the model to the measurement data and are expected to become more apparent with decreasing lengths of the structures. In this paper we investigate these effects, and will report experimental set-ups, e.g., the used illumination numerical apertures and focal ranges, that can increase the validity of the 2-D approach.
Digestive enzyme inhibition activity of the phenolic substances in selected fruits, vegetables and tea as compared to black legumes

Abstract The inhibition of starch and fat digestion by phenolic substances is relevant to the management of type-II diabetes. Total phenolics, total flavonoids and condensed tannin content in crude, semi-purified extracts (purified by XAD-7 column) from eight types of foods (black tea, green tea, blueberry, blackberry, red cabbage, broccoli, black turtle bean and black soybean) and five fractions from legumes (fractionationed by Sephadex LH-20 column) were compared for their antioxidant capacities and digestive enzymes (α-amylase, α-glucosidase and lipase) inhibition capacity. Results showed that semi-purified extract from black turtle bean compared favorably with tea and berries in digestive enzyme inhibition. Semi-purified extracts from legumes, tea and berries showed more potency (lower IC50 values) against α-amylase, α-glucosidase than commercial inhibitors. Several fractions from legumes exhibited more potency against these digestive enzymes than commercial inhibitors. Myricetin showed the highest potency against α-amylase, α-glucosidase and lipase (IC50: 0.38 mg/mL, 0.87 μg/mL and 15 μg/mL, respectively).
GRAIN BURNING EXPERIMENTS WITH HMX EXPLOSIVE

An experiment is described to study the thermal initiation and burning of explosives on a microsecond timescale prior to detonation. In this work, small charges of HMX are confined by a piston in a steel chamber bore and thermally initiated with a foil on one surface of the chamber which is suddenly heated by a capacitor discharge. The burn process is observed through the motion of a piston which is driven by the gaseous combustion products. The piston velocity data are subsequently processed to determine the chamber gas pressure as a function of volume during the piston expansion. Using a gas phase equation of state, these measurements can be used to determine the rate of gas generation by combustion. As a result, the method can be used to deduce burn rates at high pressures generally not accessible to standard techniques.
Overview and State of the Field

This chapter will summarize some of the most critical issues in the toilet training of children. An analysis will also be made of the knowledge base that is now available in the field. Particular strengths as well as areas where continued improvement is needed will be reviewed.
Commensal orthologs of the human autoantigen Ro60 as triggers of autoimmunity in lupus

The earliest autoantibodies in lupus are directed against the RNA binding autoantigen Ro60, but the triggers against this evolutionarily conserved antigen remain elusive. We identified Ro60 orthologs in a subset of human skin, oral, and gut commensal bacterial species and confirmed the presence of these orthologs in patients with lupus and healthy controls. Thus, we hypothesized that commensal Ro60 orthologs may trigger autoimmunity via cross-reactivity in genetically susceptible individuals. Sera from human anti-Ro60–positive lupus patients immunoprecipitated commensal Ro60 ribonucleoproteins. Human Ro60 autoantigen–specific CD4 memory T cell clones from lupus patients were activated by skin and mucosal Ro60-containing bacteria, supporting T cell cross-reactivity in humans. Further, germ-free mice spontaneously initiated anti-human Ro60 T and B cell responses and developed glomerular immune complex deposits after monocolonization with a Ro60 ortholog–containing gut commensal, linking anti-Ro60 commensal responses in vivo with the production of human Ro60 autoantibodies and signs of autoimmunity. Together, these data support that colonization with autoantigen ortholog-producing commensal species may initiate and sustain chronic autoimmunity in genetically predisposed individuals. The concept of commensal ortholog cross-reactivity may apply more broadly to autoimmune diseases and lead to novel treatment approaches aimed at defined commensal species.
Feedback Regulation of the Heat Shock Response

The heat shock response is triggered primarily by nonnative proteins accumulating in a stressed cell and results in increased expression of heat shock proteins (Hsps), i.e., of chaperones capable of participating in the refolding or elimination of nonnative proteins. Best known is the transcriptional part of this response that is mediated predominantly by heat shock factor 1 (HSF1). HSF1 activity is regulated at different levels by Hsps and co-chaperones and is modulated further by a number of mechanisms involving other stress-regulated aspects of cell metabolism.