cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances in Simulation for Pediatric Critical Care Medicine.

This review highlights the emerging fields of simulation research by tying innovation into principles of learning and process improvement. Advances have been made in both educational simulation and simulation for quality improvement, allowing this versatile modality to be more broadly applied to healthcare and systems. Simulation in pediatric critical care medicine continues to evolve. Although the majority of simulation is focused on learner education, emerging research has broadened to focus on patient- and system-centered outcomes, leading to improvement in the quality of care delivered in the ICU.
Upcycling Advocate: Fostering Engagement and Empowerment Through an Upcycle Guidebook in Undergraduate Courses

As many researchers have stated, fast and mass fashion has created an overwhelming amount of consumption and waste in our world today. One way to reduce the amount of textile waste is to take garments that would otherwise be thrown away, and reuse, recycle and upcycle them. Education for younger generations regarding such issues and solutions is crucial as decisions for a sustainable future are tied to the knowledge that students of today have acquired during their studies and in the subsequent years. In this study, the students’ development of an Upcycle Guidebook was a way for them to explore new design ideas thinking about how garments could be made by basic sewing skills for upcycling while also testing the effectiveness of the book.
Effects of Brief Interventions on Internalizing Symptoms and Substance Use in Youth: A Systematic Review

Internalizing problems (e.g., depression, anxiety) and substance use are common among young people and often co-occur. However, youths face myriad barriers to access needed treatment, and existing evidence-based interventions tend to focus on internalizing problems or substance use, rather than both simultaneously. Brief interventions that target both problems may, therefore, be an efficient and accessible resource for alleviating youth difficulties; however, this possibility has been insufficiently evaluated. This systematic review evaluated the intervention characteristics and quality of six studies spanning 2015 to 2019 that examined intervention effects on internalizing and substance use outcomes. Based on independent calculations and author reports (respectively), 3–4 interventions significantly reduced youth internalizing symptoms; 3–5 reduced youth substance use; and 2–3 reduced symptoms in both domains. All six interventions identified substance use as a primary target. Four interventions were administered by interventionists to youths in inpatient, outpatient, primary care, or school settings. The remaining two studies delivered content through voicemail messages or an online design. Interventions ranged from ~ 15 to 240 min. Results highlight the sparsity and heterogeneity of youth-focused brief interventions that have evaluated program effects on both internalizing problems and substance use outcomes, suggesting a clear need for integrated supports that are also designed for accessibility. Future investigations of brief youth-focused interventions should assess program effects on both internalizing and substance use outcomes; examine mechanisms driving the varied efficacy of identified interventions; and create, refine, and test interventions with potential to address co-occurring internalizing problems and substance use in young people.
Hierarchical clustering by patient-reported pain distribution alone identifies distinct chronic pain subgroups differing by pain intensity, quality, and clinical outcomes

Background In clinical practice, the bodily distribution of chronic pain is often used in conjunction with other signs and symptoms to support a diagnosis or treatment plan. For example, the diagnosis of fibromyalgia involves tallying the areas of pain that a patient reports using a drawn body map. It remains unclear whether patterns of pain distribution independently inform aspects of the pain experience and influence patient outcomes. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the clinical relevance of patterns of pain distribution using an algorithmic approach agnostic to diagnosis or patient-reported facets of the pain experience. Methods and findings A large cohort of patients (N = 21,658) completed pain body maps and a multi-dimensional pain assessment. Using hierarchical clustering of patients by body map selection alone, nine distinct subgroups emerged with different patterns of body region selection. Clinician review of cluster body maps recapitulated some clinically-relevant patterns of pain distribution, such as low back pain with radiation below the knee and widespread pain, as well as some unique patterns. Demographic and medical characteristics, pain intensity, pain impact, and neuropathic pain quality all varied significantly across cluster subgroups. Multivariate modeling demonstrated that cluster membership independently predicted pain intensity and neuropathic pain quality. In a subset of patients who completed 3-month follow-up questionnaires (N = 7,138), cluster membership independently predicted the likelihood of improvement in pain, physical function, and a positive overall impression of change related to multidisciplinary pain care. Conclusions This study reports a novel method of grouping patients by pain distribution using an algorithmic approach. Pain distribution subgroup was significantly associated with differences in pain intensity, impact, and clinically relevant outcomes. In the future, algorithmic clustering by pain distribution may be an important facet in chronic pain biosignatures developed for the personalization of pain management.
How Do Entrepreneurs Treat Probationary Employees: The Moderating Roles of Core Job Characteristics

Recent high-profile ethical scandals in startup organizations make people wonder if entrepreneurship may cultivate a work environment that emphasize less on ethics. Tackling the issue, we investigated how entrepreneurship can affect treatment of probationary employees, the most vulnerable yet under-studied group of workers. This study revisits a research gap about the linkage between firm strategy and firm ethics by examining how entrepreneurship is related to workplace incivility. Our results revealed a positive effect of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) on ethical climate, which challenges the notion that EO may lead to a negative ethical climate as it is widely alleged. Ethical climate, in turn, was found to be related to reduced incivility experienced by probationary employees. Core job characteristics (feedback and meaning of work) served as boundary conditions for the effect of EO on incivility through ethical climate, such that this mechanism only held at the presence of those job characteristics.
Machine Learning Based Uncertainty Quantification of Extrapolated Design Space and Frequency Response for RF Structures

Current deterministic machine learning models provide point estimates for predictions without any metric quantifying its inaccuracy for test inputs. In this paper, we focus on uncertainty analysis for a recently developed machine learning model used for design space and frequency response extrapolation using variational inference. This information equips the designer to identify how well the model performs for a given test input and hence identify if further training is required. We also explain here how much data is enough to train this model well. We discuss these approaches for a 5th order interdigital bandpass filter at 28GHz.
Periductal Stromal Tumor of the Breast: One Institution's Review of 6 Tumors Over a 22 Year Period With Immunohistochemical Analysis.

Introduction. Periductal stromal tumor (PST) of the breast is a rare fibroepithelial neoplasm with controversial pathogenesis. Methods. A retrospective search of our Pathology database from 2000 to 2021 identified 6 PST, all evaluated according to the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) criteria. Immunohistochemistry for CD10, CD34, CD117, GATA3, p63, SOX10, ER, PR, HER2, smooth muscle actin (SMA), beta-catenin, and myogenin was performed as well. Results. All 6 patients were female and age ranged from 29 to 55 years (mean 40 years). Tumor size ranged from 2.9 to 5.9 cm (mean 3.0 cm). Data showed absence of leaf-like architecture (0/6), at least moderate hypercellularity (6/6), lack of a circumscribed border (5/6), coalescing nodules with intermixed adipose tissue (4/6), at least moderate stromal atypia (4/6), and an elevated mitotic activity ≥3mitotic figures/10 HPF (6/6). The stromal cells were positive for CD10 (4/4), CD34 (4/4), CD117 (3/4), and SMA (3/4), and negative for GATA3 (0/6), p63 (0/6), SOX10 (0/6), ER (0/4), PR (0/4), HER2 (0/4), nuclear beta-catenin (0/5), and myogenin (0/4). No patient had a PST recurrence or metastasis (average follow-up of 91 months). Conclusion. We confirm that PST shares morphologic and immunophenotypic similarities with phyllodes tumor (PT). However, PST can be reliably differentiated from PT using the AFIP criteria. Additionally, PST's immunoprofile of positive CD117 and CD34 stromal expression alongside the negative GATA3, p63, and SOX10 reactivity can aid the pathologist in excluding metaplastic carcinoma. All 6 of our PST behaved as benign neoplasms akin to benign PT.
The enzymatic synthesis of ribonucleic acid in animal tissue. 3. Further purification of soluble RNA polymerase from lymphoid tissue and some general properties of the enzyme.

Abstract 1. A procedure has been developed for the purification of RNA polymerase (ribonucleoside triphosphate: RNA nucleotidyltransferase EC 2.7.7.6) from lymphoid tissue, calf thymus and bovine lymphosarcoma, without first isolating nuclei. The preparation was soluble, free of DNA and dependent on DNA for activity, and RNA synthesized by the enzyme specifically hybridized with DNA used as template. 2. Although stimulated by KCl and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , the reaction still ceased after approx. 2 h. 3. Actinomycin inhibited the mammalian enzyme at the same concentration as that which inhibited Escherichia coli enzyme. In contrast, rifamycin failed to inhibit the mammalian enzyme.
Quality Management of Dialysis Fluid for Online Convective Therapies

Increasing evidence supports use of convective therapies, such as hemodiafiltration, to improve outcomes for hemodialysis patients. Maximizing convection requires large volumes of substitution solution, which is practical only if online technology is used for its preparation. Substitution solution must be sterile and non-pyrogenic. Since it is not practical to test solutions prepared online for sterility and non-pyrogenicity before use, they must be prepared using processes that have been validated to produce solutions of the required quality. Preparation of substitution solution begins with treatment of municipal water to produce dialysis water, followed by proportioning of that water with concentrates to provide dialysis fluid, and ends with sequential filtration of the dialysis fluid with bacteria- and endotoxin-retentive filters to provide substitution solution. Whether dialysis fluid is prepared centrally or using individual dialysis machines, production of sterile, non-pyrogenic substitution solution requires maintenance of a hygienic chain from the beginning to the end of the fluid-handling pathway. Maintaining the integrity of that hygienic chain under routine operating conditions requires a comprehensive quality management program involving the design, operation and maintenance of all fluid-handling systems and ongoing training of the staff responsible for all aspects of their use.
Understanding female careerism

Horner's fear of success construct rests on the assumption that women react negatively to achievements which violate their definition of appropriate gender-role behavior. Consistent with this assumption, the present investigation attempted to determine whether fear of success imagery expressed in response to different achievement-related cues would covary with (a) a woman's own gender-role orientation and/or (b) the perceived gender-role norms of her significant male. One hundred female honors students completed the Maferr Inventory of Feminine Values and responded to projective cues depicting competitive success characterized as (a) traditionally male, (b) traditionally female, (3) social—domestic, and (d) vicarious. Only one relationship reached significance. Women who perceived the significant male in their life as endorsing nontraditional gender-role behavior were more likely to respond negatively to vicarious success. Fear of success bore no relationship to the gender role of the subject herself. In view of these findings it is considered unwise to regard fear of success as the single, most powerful determinant of a woman's role choices. A more generalized cognitive model which incorporates additional intrapsychic as well as situational factors is proposed.
Leaves and Fluxes

This chapter considers the transpiration of water and the photosynthetic fixation of carbon dioxide, with emphasis on the parts of the pathway and the overall rates for leaves. The driving forces for such fluxes are differences in CO 2 and H 2 O concentrations or mole fractions. Resistances were first used to describe gas fluxes quantitatively for leaves by Henry Brown and Fergusson Escombe in 1900. Resistance networks were developed to specify which parts of the pathway are most limiting for photosynthesis or transpiration. Recently, the use of two different forms of conductance has become more popular, especially for describing transpiration, and the chapter considers both forms. It is seen that greater stomatal opening may be an advantage for photosynthesis but can result in excessive transpiration. Consequently, a benefit/cost index, such as the amount of CO 2 fixed per unit of water lost, can be important for evaluating ecological aspects of gas exchange. The chapter indicated how the flux densities of water vapor and CO 2 could be measured for a leaf. Although the discussion of gas fluxes is referred to leaves, it is also applicable to stems, flower petals, and other plant parts.
Isotropic covariance functions on spheres

Introducing flexible covariance functions is critical for interpolating spatial data since the properties of interpolated surfaces depend on the covariance function used for Kriging. An extensive literature is devoted to covariance functions on Euclidean spaces, where the Matern covariance family is a valid and flexible parametric family capable of controlling the smoothness of corresponding stochastic processes. Many applications in environmental statistics involve data located on spheres, where less is known about properties of covariance functions, and where the Matern is not generally a valid model with great circle distance metric. In this paper, we advance the understanding of covariance functions on spheres by defining the notion of and proving a characterization theorem for m times mean square differentiable processes on d -dimensional spheres. Stochastic processes on spheres are commonly constructed by restricting processes on Euclidean spaces to spheres of lower dimension. We prove that the resulting sphere-restricted process retains its differentiability properties, which has the important implication that the Matern?family retains its full range of smoothness when applied to spheres so long as Euclidean distance is used. The restriction operation has been questioned for using Euclidean instead of great circle distance. To address this question, we construct several new covariance functions and compare them to the Matern?with Euclidean distance on the task of interpolating smooth and non-smooth datasets. The Matern?with Euclidean distance is not outperformed by the new covariance functions or the existing covariance functions, so we recommend using the Matern?with Euclidean distance due to the ease with which it can be computed.
The Altar at Home: sentimental literature and nineteenth-century American religionCLAUDIA STOKES

Sentimental literature has often been described as atheological and non-partisan, a retreat from the acrimonious debates of religious competition and healing balm for a divided culture. Yet in her ...
Safety and efficacy of a proprietary thermogenic and cutting agent on measures of muscular strength and endurance, body composition, fat metabolism, and hormone levels

Purpose The purpose of this study was to conduct a clinical trial on the commercially available thermogenic supplement (Iron Cuts) and its effects on various markers of performance, metabolism, body composition, and hormone levels. The supplement evaluated in this study contains several ingredients (caffeine, green tea extract, fenugreek, etc.) that have been shown to promote positive adaptations of some of the dependent variables of interest.
Protection of gerbils from amebic liver abscess by immunization with a recombinant Entamoeba histolytica antigen

Abstract Amebiasis, infection by the intestinal protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica, is a leading parasitic cause of death. As a step in the development of a recombinant antigen vaccine to prevent E. histolytica infection, we looked at the ability of a recombinant version of the serine-rich E. histolytica protein (SREHP) to elicit a protective immune response against invasive amebic disease. Gerbils, a standard model for amebic liver abscess, were immunized with either a recombinant SREHP/maltose-binding protein (MBP) fusion, recombinant MBP alone, or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), all combined with complete Freund's adjuvant. In the first trial (group 1), gerbils received a primary and two booster immunizations intraperitoneally; in the second trial (group 2), gerbils were immunized by a single intradermal injection. SREHP/MBP-immunized gerbils in both groups produced antibody to native SHEHP and developed delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to recombinant SREHP. All gerbils were challenged by an intrahepatic injection with 5 x 10(4) virulent E. histolytica HM1-IMSS trophozoites. Complete protection from amebic liver abscess was seen in 64% of the SHEHP/MBP-immunized gerbils in group 1 and in 100% of the SREHP/MBP-immunized gerbils in group 2. There was no protection observed in MBP- or PBS-immunized gerbils in either group. Our results indicate that the SREHP molecule has potential as a vaccine to prevent amebic infection and demonstrate that successful vaccination of animals with recombinant E. histolytica antigen vaccines is possible.
Prenatal exposure to secondhand smoke may increase the risk of postpartum depressive symptoms

Background The harmful effects of smoking during pregnancy on occurrence of postpartum depressive symptoms (PPDS) have been well studied, but there is little research on the association of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure during pregnancy with PPDS. This study aimed to explore the relationship between prenatal exposure to SHS during pregnancy and PPDS. Methods The authors analyzed data from 6884 women who participated in the North Carolina Pregnancy Risk Assessment and Monitoring System survey (2004-08). Data on the exposure (prenatal SHS), outcome (PPDS) and covariates were obtained from self-reported questionnaires. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression was used for data analysis. Results The prevalence of PPDS was 16.5%. In the unadjusted analysis, women exposed to SHS during pregnancy had nearly twice the odds of PPDS than the unexposed (odds ratio, OR = 1.90, 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.61-2.26). After adjusting for potential confounders, the association between SHS and PPDS was weakened but remained statistically significant (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.23-1.80). A dose-response relationship was not evident in the analyses. Maternal smoking during pregnancy did not appear to modify the association between SHS and PPDS. Conclusions The current study identified a positive association between SHS and PPDS.
QCM/HCC as a platform for detecting the binding of warfarin to an immobilized film of human serum albumin

Quartz crystal microbalance/heat conduction calorimetry (QCM/HCC) is a new measurement technology that has been used to monitor simultaneously the mass and motional resistance of a thin film in conjunction with the heat flow produced by a chemical change in the film initiated by reaction with a gas. In this work we examine the applicability of the QCM/HCC in detecting chemical changes at the solution/thin film interface. Human serum albumin (HSA) was bound to the gold electrode of a 5 MHz AT-cut quartz resonator using three types of linkers and then exposed to buffered solutions of the anticoagulant drug warfarin. Changes in resonator frequency and motional resistance as well as changes in heat flow produced by warfarin binding to HSA were monitored as a function of the warfarin concentration. Differences in frequency and motional resistance changes depend upon the linker and vary both in magnitude and sign, whereas the integrated heat signal is proportional to the concentration of warfarin and independent of the linker chemistry. Quartz crystal microbalance/heat conduction calorimetry can thus be a useful tool for studying protein–ligand interactions at the solution–surface interface, even though the quartz resonator does not behave as a microbalance.
Adaptive median filter for the removal of periodic interference from an image

A typical method of removing a periodic interference from an image is to two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (FFT) the interference corrupted image and manually locate and remove the impulses due to the interference. The last step is to inverse fast Fourier transform the interference free spectrum to yield the restored image. This is a manual process usually requiring human interaction and several iterations. In this paper, an adaptive median filter applied to an interference corrupted spectrum is presented to automatically remove only the interference spectral components while leaving the spectral components of the interference free image unmodified. The result is an interference free image obtained automatically.
Efficient Fast Screening Methodology for Optical Resolution Agents: Solvent Effects Are Used To Affect the Efficiency of the Resolution Process

An efficient and fast screening methodology for optical resolution agents through the classical crystallization of the corresponding diastereomeric salts is described. In this contribution, we demonstrate that the determination of the eutectic composition by chiral analysis of the corresponding mother liquor (ML) obtained under appropriate experimental conditions provides us with a very fast screening methodology. We also demonstrate that solvent can have a profound effect not only on the efficiency of the resolution process by modifying the eutectic composition but also on the ease of crystallization.
First Report of Pratylenchus neglectus in New York.

Soil samples were collected from a field in Wyoming County near Portageville, NY, on 29 October 1992 and 23 November 1993. The field was planted with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from September 1991 to August 1992, and with potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv. Superior from May 1993 to September 1993. Thirty-nine and 45 samples were collected along three transects in 1992 and 1993, respectively. Two species of Pratylenchus were identified, P. neglectus (Rensch) Filipjev & Sch. Stek. (identification confirmed by A. M. Golden) and P. penetrans (Cobb) Filipjev & Sch. Stek. Their combined population densities were 134 ± 18 (mean ± SE per 100 cm3 soil) in 1992 and 195 ± 12 in 1993. P. neglectus was found in all samples, whereas P. penetrans was found in 33 and 78% of the samples in 1992 and 1993, respectively. Where both species occurred together, the density of P. neglectus was 7 to 8 times that of P. penetrans. In both years, spores of a nematode-pathogenic bacterium (probably a Pasteuria sp.) were found...
Is Mouthrinsing before Dental Procedures Worthwhile

Without adequate protection, dental practitioners risk infection from microorganisms from patients' mouths. The authors discuss the role of pre-procedural mouthrinses in the infection control process.
Wavelength dependence of wavefront correction using holography in a saturable absorber

We examine the use of holography to correct aberrated optical elements with different write and read beam wavelengths. The wavefront correction is obtained using nondegenerate four wave mixing in a thin saturable absorber. We show, for the first time, quantitative agreement between the corrected wavefront error and theory for a range of reading beam wavelengths that are up to a factor of two larger than the writing beam wavelength.
An MNDO molecular orbital study of the reactions of protonated oxirane with guanine

The bimolecular hydroxyalkylation of the N2, 3-, O6, and 7-position of guanine by protonated oxirane has been studied using the MNDO molecular orbital procedure. The enthalpies of activation (relative to the isolated reactants) were calculated to be 12.5, 11.4, −4.8, and −4.9 kcal mol−1, respectively. The transition state geometries were characteristically SN l-like. The forming bonds reach ca. 0–2% of their final strengths while cleavage of the breaking bonds is ca. 77–87% complete. Their relative energies are dominated by electrostatic interactions between the reacting moieties with little to no charge transfer involved. The relevance of these results to the reactions of carcinogenic oxiranes and their derivatives with nucleic acids is discussed.
Pole and prime meridian expressions for Phobos and Deimos

Simple trigonometric expressions are derived for the right ascensions and declinations of the spin axes of Phobos and Deimos as well as for their prime meridians. Simple expressions are possible since both satellites are in synchronous rotation about Mars and since the orbits of both satellites are accurately modeled as precessing ellipses. Spin axis expressions reflect the offset and precession of the orbit pole about the Laplacian pole. Prime meridian expressions include orbital mean motion, long-period solar perturbations, secular acceleration, and short-period, tidally induced forced libration. These simple expressions agree with rigorous expressions to + or - 0.2 deg.
A PAS Domain Binds Asparagine in the Chemotaxis Receptor McpB in Bacillus subtilis

During chemotaxis toward asparagine by Bacillus subtilis, the ligand is thought to bind to the chemoreceptor McpB on the exterior of the cell and induce a conformational change. This change affects the degree of phosphorylation of the CheA kinase bound to the cytoplasmic region of the receptor. Until recently, the sensing domains of the B. subtilis receptors were thought to be structurally similar to the well studied Escherichia coli four-helical bundle. However, sequence analysis has shown the sensing domains of receptors from these two organisms to be vastly different. Homology modeling of the sensing domain of the B. subtilis asparagine receptor McpB revealed two tandem PAS domains. McpB mutants having alanine substitutions in key arginine and tyrosine residues of the upper PAS domain but not in any residues of the lower PAS domain exhibited a chemotactic defect in both swarm plates and capillary assays. Thus, binding does not appear to occur across any dimeric surface but within a monomer. A modified capillary assay designed to determine the concentration of attractant where chemotaxis is most sensitive showed that when Arg-111, Tyr-121, or Tyr-133 is mutated to an alanine, much more asparagine is required to obtain an active chemoreceptor. Isothermal titration calorimetry experiments on the purified sensing domain showed a KD to asparagine of 14 μm, with the three mutations leading to less efficient binding. Taken together, these results reveal not only a novel chemoreceptor sensing domain architecture but also, possibly, a different mechanism for chemoreceptor activation.
Parent report of pests and pets and indoor allergen levels in inner-city homes.

Background Guidelines recommend allergen avoidance for patients with allergic asthma, but direct measurements of home allergen levels are not available to most physicians. Parent report of indoor allergen exposure is a potentially convenient and inexpensive surrogate measure of exposure, although validity of parent report to estimate indoor allergen levels is not well established. Objective To determine if parent-reported pest and pet exposures can identify patients with clinically relevant allergen exposure. Methods Parents of 300 inner-city children completed a survey about pests (cockroaches and mice) and furred pets (dogs and cats). Settled dust samples were obtained for Bla g 1, Mus m 1, Can f 1, and Fel d 1 from kitchens and bedrooms. Results Parent reports were associated with clinically relevant levels of Bla g 1, Mus m 1, Can f 1, and Fel d 1 ( P Conclusions Since direct measurement of indoor allergens is not always feasible, especially in the inner city, parent report of pests and pets may be sufficient to recommend environmental control practices for sensitized children. Negative parent reports of pests are not sufficient evidence of low pest allergen exposure.
Stimulated Terahertz Emission from Excitons in Cu2O

Using ultrashort terahertz (THz) pulses we observe stimulated emission between internal energy levels of excitons. Emission occurs in Cu2O due to the 3p to 2s transition at 6.6 meV, with a cross section of 10−14 cm2.
A hierarchical, restructurable multi-microprocessor architecture

This paper introduces a system architecture which allows a high degree of restructuring so that system resources may be tailored to processing requirements. The proposed system organization consists of a large number of byte-slice processors interconnected through a system of busses. Each processor is capable of communicating with every other processor in the system and any number of adjacent processors may be strung together to create a wider arithmetic capability than is possible with a single processor. Processors may be organized into a number of independent teams while processor teams may, in turn, be organized in a hierarchical fashion to allow for concurrent processing. Processor teams may function either in cooperation with or completely independent of other processor teams. All communication throughout the system consists of information packets containing the data to be transferred and a series of tags which indicate the destination address for the data and the action to be taken by the processor upon receipt of the information packet. Two types of busses are employed; Conventional busses and the circulating loop (or Pierce loop). The circulating loop moves an information packet in a fixed direction a uniform distance in each unit of time and therefore allows independent data transfer operations to be carried out simultaneously. Several examples illustrate the utility of the proposed architecture.
Dupuytren's contracture.

Abstract Data are presented on the author's experience with seventy-nine cases of Dupuytren's contracture in comparison with a large number of cases taken from the literature. Limited excision of the diseased palmar fascia is favored by the author. Emphasis is placed on the importance of surgical judgment concerning the viability of palmar flaps. The gravity of the complication of even partial necrosis of a palmar flap is emphasized. When the circulation of a portion of a flap is in question, its ready sacrifice and replacement by free skin graft or pedicle tissue is advised. Accumulated data on the value of vitamin E and ACTH are reviewed and discussed.
Incorporating Millennium Catalog Records into Serials Solutions' Summon

Grand Valley State University implemented the web scale discovery system, Summon from Serials Solutions, in August of 2009. The decision was made to use Summon search as the only search box on the library home page. This fueled the desire to ensure that the Grand Valley State University local catalog was included in the Summon index. The inclusion of these records caused many issues that had to be addressed and worked through, including daily updates and incorrect data. In this article the authors share their experiences and discuss solutions to issues faced during and after implementation.
Improved clinical scale culture conditions for expansion of cord blood: Generation of mature neutrophil cells

Abstract The use of allogeneic cord blood (CB) products, as a source of cellular support for patients undergoing high dose chemotherapy (HDC), had primarily been limited to smaller children due to the low numbers of cells in CB. Ex vivo expansion of CB cells has been proposed as a method to increase the number of cells. We have transplanted adult patients, undergoing HDC with CB cells expanded in static culture for 10 days. In these studies the CD34 selected cells were cultured for 10 days in 800 ml of defined media containing 100 ng/ml each of rhSCF, rhG-SCF and rhMGDF in 1L teflon bags. All patients achieved neutrophil engraftment in a median of 26 (range 15 to 45) days. In an attempt to hasten the time to neutrophil engraftment we have developed a 2-step culture system that results in increased expansion of total nucleated cells (TNC) and further maturation of neutrophil precursors. CD34+ cells selected from CB products were cultured for 7 days in 100 ml teflon culture bags containing 50 ml of DM plus SCF, G-CSF and MGDF (100 ng/ml of each). The cells were harvested from these bags and transferred to 1 liter telflon bags containing 1 liter of DM plus SCF, G-CSF and MGDF. After a second culture period of 7 days the cells were harvested washed and assayed for mature (GM-CFC) and primitive progenitor cells (HPP-CFC). The 2-step cultures resulted in a median expansion of TNC of 438 fold (range 286 to 952, N = 9) while the original 1-step cultures resulted in a median of 98 fold (range 59 to 350, N = 5). Equivalent expansion of committed progenitor cells (GM-CFC) and primitive progenitor cells (HPP-CFC) was obtained. The 2-step culture expanded cells contained more mature neutrophils similar to ex vivo expanded peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC). We propose that the availability of increased numbers of mature expanded cells may result in more rapid engraftment. These culture conditions are currently being incorporated into our clinical studies.
Harvey's “This I Believe” Test: Studies of Reliability:

The items and administration of Harvey's “This I Believe” test, an instrument designed for assessing level of conceptual system functioning, are briefly described, and a number of studies relating to reliability factors suggest that the test is reliable and stable.
The Effects of a Teacher Program in Self-Concept Enhancement on Pupils’ Self-Concept, Anxiety, and Intellectual Achievement Responsibility

AbstractHalf the teachers of grades 1-6 from eight inner-city schools with predominantly black populations were involved in a 12-week program designed to help participants understand and apply classroom methods of increasing self-rewarding behavior of children. The program consisted of two workshop sessions, classroom interaction observational feedback, and continuing contact with program administrators. Pretests were administered in fifty- nine classes and post tests in 102. Analyses of data were carried out using class means rather than individual test scores. In general, results suggested that the program was responsible for moderate changes in the directions expected. Confounding of results due to teacher enthusiasm may have moderated observed differences in posttest means.
Reconstitution of progesterone receptor with heat shock proteins.

Nonactivated chick progesterone receptor from hypotonic tissue extracts exists in a large complex containing the heat shock proteins hsp90 and hsp70 plus additional smaller proteins; activation of receptor to a DNA-binding form involves the dissociation of proteins from the complex. Whereas numerous attempts to reversibly bind components to the activated receptor have been unsuccessful, we now report conditions that promote the reassociation of hsp90 and hsp70 to progesterone receptor. Cytosolic receptor was dissociated from hsp90 and hsp70 by treatment with 0.5 m KCI and 10 mm ATP in the absence of progesterone. It was then purified by binding to immunoaffinity resins. After wash steps, the receptor-resin complex was incubated in rabbit reticulocyte lysate at 30 C, rewashed, and analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Saturable binding of rabbit hsp90 and hsp70 to chick receptor was found after incubation with reticulocyte lysate; hsp binding was temperature dependent, but ...
Localization and mode conversion for elastic waves in randomly layered media II

Abstract This paper is Part I of a two-part work in which we derive localization theory for elastic waves in plane-stratified media, a multimode problem complicated by the interconversion of shear and compressional waves, both in propagation and in backscatter. We consider the low frequency limit, i.e., when the randomness constitutes a microstructure. In this part, we set up the general suite of problems and derive the probability density and moments for the fraction of reflected energy which remains in the same mode (shear or compressional) as the incident field. Our main mathematical tool is a limit theorem for stochastic differential equations with a small parameter. In Part II we will use the limit theorem of Part I and the Oseledec Theorem, which establishes the existence of the localization length and other structural information, to compute: the localization length and another deterministic length, called the equilibration length, which gives the scale for equilibration of shear and compressional energy in propagation; and the probability density of the ratio of shear to compressional energy in transmission through a large slab. This last quantity is shown to be asymptotically independent of the incident field. We also extend the results to the small fluctuation, rather than the low frequency case.
Sediment Inclusions in Alaskan Coastal Sea Ice: Spatial Distribution, Interannual Variability, and Entrainment Requirements

We investigated the spatial characteristics of sedimentary inclusions and elucidated processes controlling their spatial and temporal variability in the fast ice cover of the shallow-marine environment of Elson Lagoon near Barrow, Alaska. This was accomplished by examining the frazil ice layer of sea-ice cores representing the 1998, 1999, and 2000 fall freeze-up periods and comparing the results with a sediment resuspension model. Sediments occur exclusively as aggregates of clay to fine-silt sized particles that were confined to brine inclusions in the frazil ice. The average cross-sectional area of these aggregates is positively correlated with sediment concentration of the frazil ice (R2 = 0.82, P < 0.01). The minimum distance between neighboring aggregates (nearest-neighbor distance) is negatively correlated with sediment concentration (R2 = 0.78, P < 0.01). However, little correlation exists between the number of aggregates and sediment concentration. Sediment concentrations ranged from 24 to 1470 mg L-1 and sediment loads ranged from 2 g m-2 to 384 g m-2, with 1998 and 2000 sediment loads being one to two orders of magnitude smaller than 1999 sediment loads. Similarly, the potential for bottom-sediment resuspension was greater in 1999 than in 1998 and 2000 by more than a factor of two. Resuspension potential is controlled spatially by the local bathymetry and interannually by wind velocity and fetch. At submeter scales, increases in bottom sediment resuspension result in greater sea-ice sediment concentrations, larger aggregates, and smaller nearest-neighbor distances.
Neural network vision integration with learning

A neural network approach for combining processing of multiple early vision modules is described. Several energy functions are defined for computing intensity contours, optical flow, and stereo disparity. Hopfield neural networks are used for function minimization with continuation on the sigmoid gain function to avoid local minima. New vision integration approaches are developed by extending the work of Poggio and Gamble to include cooperative interactions between different vision modules and Hebbian learning of vision module coupling weights. Resulting algorithms facilitate fast, robust image segmentation and provide a nexus for recognition.© (1991) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Michel Butor's Mobile: Modernism, Postmodernism, and American Art

The author examines Michel Butor's Mobile (1962) in relation to the visual arts, beginning with a discussion of connections to modernist visual models found in the works of Alexander Calder, Jackson Pollock, and Marcel Duchamp. In comparing the text with Boomerang and with the poetic essay Comment ecrire pour Jasper Johns, written nearly thirty years later, the author demonstrates how Butor encourages a rereading of his early work through the recycling of certain motifs. Furthermore, the author studies the similarities that Butor identifies between his writing and Johns's art, notably through the co-opting of popular imagery and the practice of self-citation. The author argues that Butor's texts are best understood as "postmodern" works grounded in an intellectual heritage based on modernism and Duchampian aesthetics.
Insulin-like growth factor II affects the appearance and glycogen content of glycogen cells in the murine placenta.

The phenotype of mice with a targeted disruption of the insulin-like growth factor II gene (IGF-II null mice) is growth retardation of both fetus and placenta during the last two thirds of gestation (1). We have compared the placenta of IGF-II null and wild-type mice from days 9-18 of gestation. No morphological differences were detected until after day 12 of gestation, when a new population of placental cells, the glycogen cells, normally first appears. Fewer glycogen cells were present in the null placenta compared to the wild-type placenta on days 13, 15, and 18 of gestation. By day 15, glycogen cells constituted approximately 50% of the basal zone cells in the wild-type placenta, but only 20% of the basal zone cells in the null placenta (P < 0.01). By contrast, spongiotrophoblasts constituted 40% of the basal zone cells in the wild-type placenta and 70% of the basal zone cells in the null placenta. There were no differences in cell size at any time. These results suggest that glycogen cells do not eff...
Comorbid disruptive behavior disorder symptoms and their relationship to adolescent alcohol use disorders

This investigation evaluated the relationship between comorbid Disruptive Behavior Disorder (DBD) and Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) symptoms in adolescents. The factor structure of both DBD and AUD symptoms was evaluated and a structural model then examined the relationships between comorbid DBD symptoms and AUD symptoms. A full model and a sex differentiated model were evaluated. For the full model, only Conduct Disorder (CD) symptoms were associated with AUD symptoms. In the sex differentiated model, male adolescents demonstrated direct effects of CD and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) on AUD. For female adolescents we found only a robust direct effect of CD on AUD. We concluded that CD symptoms have the strongest concurrent association with AUD symptoms in adolescents. However, there is preliminary evidence of sex heterogeneity.
Role of NADPH and the NADPH-dependent methemoglobin reductase in the hydroxylase activity of human erythrocytes

Abstract Human erythrocytes were shown previously to catalyze the oxyhemoglobin-requiring hydroxylation of aniline, and the reaction was stimulated apparently preferentially by NADPH in the presence of methylene blue (K. S. Blisard and J. J. Mieyal,J. Biol. Chem.254, 5104, 1979). The current study provides a further characterization of the involvement of the NADPH-dependent electron transport system in this reaction. In accordance with the role of NADPH, the hydroxylase activity of erythrocytes or hemolysates from individuals with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (i.e., with diminished capacity to form NADPH) displayed decreased responses to glucose or glucose 6-phosphate, respectively, in the presence of methylene blue in comparison to samples from normal adults; maximal activity could be restored by direct addition of NADPH to the deficient hemolysates. Kinetic studies of the methylene blue-stimulated aniline hydroxylase activity of normal hemolysates revealed a biphasic dependence on NADPH concentrations: a plateau was observed at relatively low concentrations (KmNADPH ~ 20 μm), whereas saturation was not achieved at the higher concentrations of NADPH. The latter low efficiency phase (i.e., at the higher concentrations of NADPH) could be ascribed to a direct transfer of electrons from NADPH to methylene blue to hemoglobin. The high efficiency phase suggested involvement of the NADPH-dependent methemoglobin reductase; accordingly 2′-AMP, an analog of NADP+, effectively inhibited this reaction, but the pattern was noncompetitive. This behavior is suggestive of a mechanism by which both NADPH and methylene blue are substrates for the reductase and interact with it in a sequential fashion. The kinetic patterns observed for variation in NADPH concentration at several fixed concentrations of methylene blue, and vice versa, are consistent with this interpretation.
Comparison of protein, RNA, and DNA binding and cell-cycle-specific growth inhibitory effects of nickel compounds in cultured cells

Abstract Crystalline NiS particles are potent inducers of morphological transformation and are actively phagocytosed by cells. Water-soluble nickel compounds are less potent, possibly because the total amount of nickel that enters cells is less, and its subcellular distribution differs in a number of ways from that following the entry of NiS in the form of an internalized particle. To further study this problem, we have examined the binding of 63 Ni to DNA, RNA, and protein isolated from cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells treated with either crystalline 63 NiS or 63 NiCl 2 . Treatment of cultured cells with 63 NiS at 10 μg/ml for 3 days resulted in binding of nickel to DNA, RNA, or protein in the range of 1 μg of nickel bound per milligram macromolecule. However, similar treatment of cells with 63 NiCl 2 at 10 μg/ml for 1 to 5 days resulted in approximately one to several orders of magnitude less nickel bound to DNA, RNA, and protein. In the case of 63 NiCl 2 treatment, cellular proteins contained about 100 times more 63 Ni bound than the respective RNA or DNA fractions. However, the protein fraction obtained from cells treated with crystalline NiS contained about 15 times more nickel bound than the same fraction isolated from cells that were similarly treated with 63 NiCl 2 . RNA or DNA had 300 to 2000 times more bound nickel following crystalline NiS treatment compared to cells treated similarly with NiCl 2 . In contrast to the selective binding of 63 NiCl 2 to protein, cultured cells treated with crystalline 63 NiS had equivalent levels of nickel associated with RNA, DNA, and protein. Since the interaction of 63 Ni with these macromolecules following crystalline 63 NiS treatment was not due to the binding of the actual particles, the dissolution of intracellular 63 NiS particles probably plays an important role in governing the distribution of 63 Ni ions available for binding. The greater intracellular macromolecular binding of 63 Ni resulting from treatment of cells with 63 NiS compared to cultures similarly exposed to 63 NiCl 2 paralleled the more potent effects of crystalline NiS in slowing and arresting cell proliferation. Crystalline NiS caused pronounced cell cycle specific blockage at a considerably lower concentration than was required for NiCl 2 to similarly arrest cell growth. Flow cytometry analysis showed that both compounds selectively blocked cell cycle progression in S phase (DNA synthetic stage). These results are suggestive of a common mechanism and site of toxicity inherent to both compounds and related to the cell growth phase during which DNA is replicated.