cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Anterograde and retrograde axonal transport of Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) from the globus pallidus to the striatum of the rat

Iontophoretic administration of PHA-L into the globus pallidus of rats resulted in the labeling of neuronal perikarya in the striatum as well as axons and terminals in the striatum, entopeduncular nucleus, subthalamus and substantia nigra. The labeled striatal perikarya were densely stained in Golgi fashion with virtually complete filling of the dendrites and spines. It is concluded that the striatal cells were filled by the retrograde transport of PHA-L and represent either striatopallidal cells, or striatonigral cells whose axons were interrupted as they passed through the injection site. The anterogradely labeled axon terminals in the striatum were observed in close apposition to the dendrites of the retrogradely labeled neurons suggesting the existence of synaptic contacts between the two groups of cells. This study demonstrates that PHA-L can be transported retrogradely as well as anterogradely following iontophoretic injections.
Ciudad Jardín Lomas del Palomar: deriving ecocity design lessons from a garden city

Ciudad Jardin Lomas del Palomar is a neighbourhood in Buenos Aires, Argentina, designed by the German immigrant Dr Erich Zeyen in 1944. Zeyen based Ciudad Jardin on Ebenezer Howard's garden city ideals and designs, which had gained a strong influence in Germany at that time in architecture and urban planning. Like garden city communities elsewhere, Ciudad Jardin was intended to create an urban environment suffused in ample public and private green spaces. This little-known South American garden city-inspired neighbourhood offers a unique learning opportunity about the role of social and political forces in historic preservation and planning, and about the value of urban planning based on green infrastructure as revealed by a society with comparatively little environmental awareness or historic preservation values. The article is based on original research carried out by the author in Argentina.
A phase I trial of the IGF-1R antibody Cixutumumab in combination with temsirolimus in patients with metastatic breast cancer.

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) plays a critical role in promoting tumor cell growth and is frequently activated in breast cancer. In preclinical studies, the antitumor activity of mTOR inhibitors is attenuated by feedback up-regulation of AKT mediated in part by Insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor (IGF-1R). We designed a phase I trial to determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) and pharmacodynamic effects of the IGF-1R antibody Cixutumumab in combination with temsirolimus in patients with metastatic breast cancer refractory to standard therapies. A 3 + 3 Phase I design was chosen. Temsirolimus and Cixutumumab were administered intravenously on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of a 4-week cycle. Of the 26 patients enrolled, four did not complete cycle 1 because of disease progression (n = 3) or comorbid condition (n = 1) and were replaced. The MTD was determined from the remaining 22 patients, aged 34–72 (median 48) years. Most patients (86 %) had estrogen receptor positive cancer. The median number of prior chemotherapy regimens for metastatic disease was 3. The MTD was determined to be Cixutumumab 4 mg/kg and temsirolimus 15 mg weekly. Dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) included mucositis, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia. Other adverse events included grade 1/2 fatigue, anemia, and hyperglycemia. No objective responses were observed, but four patients experienced stable disease that lasted for at least 4 months. Compared with baseline, there was a significant increase in the serum levels of IGF-1 (p < 0.001) and IGFBP-3 (p = 0.019) on day 2. Compared with day 2, there were significant increases in the serum levels of IGF-1 (p < 0.001), IGF-2 (p = 0.001), and IGFBP-3 (p = 0.019) on day 8. A phase II study in women with metastatic breast cancer is ongoing.
An innovation to facilitate student engagement and learning: Crossword puzzles in the classroom

Abstract This article describes two models for the incorporation of crossword puzzles into the delivery of course content. These models actively engage the student in the learning process and represent an interesting way for students to learn course material. Student response to the use of crossword puzzles in the classroom has been highly positive. Considering the large amount of information needed to function in today's chaotic and rapidly changing health care environment, innovative teaching techniques are needed to strengthen learning outcomes and to generate enthusiasm and stimulate thought processes focused on the study of nursing.
An environment for automated power measurements on mobile computing platforms

Mobile computing devices such as smartphones, tablet computers, and e-readers have become the dominant personal computing platforms. Energy efficiency is a prime design requirement for mobile device manufacturers and smart application developers alike. Runtime power measurements on mobile platforms provide insights that can eventually lead to more energy-efficient operation. In this paper we describe mPowerProfile - an environment for automated power measurements of programs running on a mobile development platform. We discuss mPowerProfile's main functions and its utilization in several example studies based on the Pandaboard and Raspberry Pi platforms.
Physical Artifacts For Promoting Bilingual Collaborative Design

Physical artifacts, such as sticky notes and mock-ups, are widely used in Human-Computer Interaction research for supporting the collaborative design of technology. Because these representations use channels of communication other than speaking and listening, they offer the potential to facilitate collaboration in bilingual groups working through an interpreter. This paper identifies challenges of bilingual design meetings based on technology development collaborations between Silicon Valley corporate research organizations and two different Japanese companies. Three of the most successful physical artifacts used in these meetings are described to illustrate ways of supporting bilingual collaboration. After discussion of the specific contributions of these artifacts, general recommendations for bilingual collaborative design meetings are discussed. The paper concludes with the recommendation that careful choreography of the work area is necessary to ensure every participant has access to the physical artifacts necessary for successful collaboration.
The impact of web-logs (blogs) on student perceptions of isolation and alienation in a web-based distance-learning environment

In the rush to promote the use of computer-mediated technologies for both traditional and distance learning, relatively little research has been conducted about learner feelings of isolation, alienation and frustration. More recent technologies such as web-logs (blogs) may provide a wider range of tools for bridging learners' feelings of isolation. The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of using blogs in a web-based learning environment. This qualitative investigation presents an interpretive case study of student perceptions of using blogs in a web-based technology integration course for K-12 pre-service teacher education students. Findings indicate that the use of blogs helped prevent feelings of isolation and alienation for distance learners.
Point of Zero Charge of Amorphous Aluminum Hydroxide as a Function of Adsorbed Carbonate

The point of zero charge of 36 carbonate-containing aluminum hydroxide gels decreased with increased carbonate-to-aluminum molar ratio. Theoretical analysis supported this observation and showed that the point of zero charge was sensitive to low fractional coverage of surface sites by carbonate and that divalent carbonate is the predominant form of carbonate on the surface. The implications of the pH-point of zero charge relationship of aluminum hydroxide on the viscosity, adsorptive properties, rate of filtration, and removal of sodium are discussed.
Absence of multiple steady states and a transition from steady state to monotonic growth behavior of [CO] and [O3] in a simple, nonlinear, oscillatory model of tropospheric photochemistry

The existence of multiple steady states is investigated in a simple photochemical reaction mechanism with the following properties: (1) it is derived from tropospheric chemistry, (2) it is governed by a nonlinear dynamic law, and (3) it exhibits temporal oscillations in the concentrations of its component chemical species. It is shown that chemical steady states for this mechanism can be located analytically using methods often also applicable to similar mechanisms. It is found that multiple steady states do not exist in this particular mechanism. Such an analytical treatment displays the dynamic structure of the mechanism, avoids numerical searching for steady states, and allows here for the identification and location of a transition (bifurcation) from steady-state to monotonic-growth behavior of [CO] and [O3] as the influx of NO increases at fixed values of the influxes of O3 and CO. Thus an atmosphere is seen to lose its ability to photochemically cleanse itself of CO at sufficiently high influx of NO. It is suggested that multiple steady states may be introduced into this mechanism by addition of transport or a well-known, hydrocarbon-based, radical-multiplication reaction.
Model-assisted estimation as a unifying framework for estimating the area of land cover and land-cover change from remote sensing

Two common approaches to estimate the area of land cover or land-cover change are to use a confusion matrix to adjust the area derived from pixel counting and to use a survey sampling regression estimator that takes advantage of auxiliary variables to improve the precision of the estimated area. These two seemingly divergent approaches to area estimation are encompassed within the general framework of model-assisted estimation. The theory and methods of model-assisted estimation can be applied to expand the options for area estimators and to extend these estimators to sampling designs beyond those currently in use. The objectives of area estimation and map accuracy assessment can be addressed by the same sample data. This suggests the need for research to identify or develop sampling designs that effectively and efficiently achieve this dual-purpose use of these data.
A Relationship Between Stimulability and the Efficacy of Visual Biofeedback in the Training of a Respiratory Control Task

Although there are numerous reports of the use of biofeedback in clinical applications, little is known about the relative advantages or disadvantages of biofeedback over traditional treatments or ...
SCHWINGER-KELDYSH APPROACH TO DISORDERED AND INTERACTING ELECTRON SYSTEMS : DERIVATION OF FINKELSTEIN'S RENORMALIZATION-GROUP EQUATIONS

We develop a dynamical approach based on the Schwinger-Keldysh formalism to derive a field-theoretic description of disordered and interacting electron systems. We calculate within this formalism the perturbative RG equations for interacting electrons expanded around a diffusive Fermi liquid fixed point, as obtained originally by Finkelstein using replicas. The major simplifying feature of this approach, as compared to Finkelstein's is that instead of $N \to 0$ replicas, we only need to consider N=2 species. We compare the dynamical Schwinger-Keldysh approach and the replica methods, and we present a simple and pedagogical RG procedure to obtain Finkelstein's RG equations.
Parallel subspace method for non-Hermitian eigenproblems on the Connection Machine (CM2)

Abstract In this paper we present a parallel implementation of Arnoldi's subspace method on the Connection Machine. With a 16K-processor CM2, we obtained performances of a few hundred Megaflops for a matrix size of several thousands when computing a small number of eigenvalues and eigenvectors. The extrapolated performance on a 64K-processor CM2 indicates that the asymptotic speed will be greater than 1 Gigaflop for very large matrices. We show that it is possible to use the subspace method with a good throughput or speed-up on massively-parallel architectures like the CM2. We remark that other classical methods for linear algebra problems such as, for example, backsubstitution and the QR method, cannot exploit all the potential power of massively-parallel machines. Next, we propose using the subspace method as a programming methodology for massively-parallel machines in order to obtain a good performance when solving some large linear algebra problems, especially eigenproblems. This method is the most frequently one used for very large eigenproblems and it is also well adapted to massively-parallel architectures. The choice of the subspace size is very important both for numerical stability and speed-up. We conclude with a discussion on the effects of the orders chosen for the subspaces on performance.
A test of foreign language acquisition: paired‐association learning

Towson University, USASUMMARYThis experiment investigated college student difﬁculties with foreign language acquisition. Wedeveloped a word-sound, paired-associates learning test that discriminated 92% of the controlparticipants and 95% of the experimental participants. The results are interpreted in terms of anassociative model of foreign language learning disability. We discuss how to integrate the test into alarger diagnostic battery for predicting the facility with which a person will be able to learn a foreignlanguage. Copyright # 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hot-cold hemolysis: The role of positively charged membrane phospholipids

Nachweis der Wirkung bestimmter Exotoxine von Bakterien auf die Erythrozytenmembran, wobei die Anderung der Permeabilitat durch die Abspaltung von Cholin aus den Phospholipiden der Membran erfolgt.
A least squares finite element scheme for transonic flow around harmonically oscillating airfoils

The present investigation shows that a finite element scheme with a weighted least squares variational principle is applicable to the problem of transonic flow around a harmonically oscillating airfoil. For the flat plate case, numerical results compare favorably with the exact solution. The obtained numerical results for the transonic problem, for which an exact solution is not known, have the characteristics of known experimental results. It is demonstrated that the performance of the employed numerical method is independent of equation type (elliptic or hyperbolic) and frequency. The weighted least squares principle allows the appropriate modeling of singularities, which such a modeling of singularities is not possible with normal least squares.
Application of basis function concept to practical shape optimization problems

Component shape optimization normally requires a parameterized geometric representation or a generic model for the solid geometry which evolves to an optimal design. Generic models for large-scale three-dimensional components are difficult to build. The difficulties result from the lack of robust automatic mesh generation and the availability of a parametric model. To remedy this problem, a basis function concept used in mathematics for representing an arbitrary function is employed for geometric representation of solids. This approach does not require automatic mesh generation or parametric models for geometric representation and thus is suitable for large-scale complicated components. Numerical examples are used to demonstrate the applicability of this approach to realistic problems.
Analysis of actin and tropomyosin in hearts of cardiac mutant axolotls by two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis, western blots, and immunofluorescent microscopy

When homozygous, recessive mutant gene c in Ambystoma mexicanum results in a failure of embryonic heart function. This failure is apparently due to abnormal inductive influences from the anterior endoderm resulting in an absence of normal sarcomeric myofibril formation. Biochemical and immunofluorescent studies were undertaken to evaluate the contractile proteins actin and tropomyosin in normal and mutant hearts. For the immunofluorescent studies, cardiac tissues were fixed in periodate-lysine-paraformaldehyde, frozen sectioned, and immunostained by an indirect method with monospecific polyclonal antibodies produced against highly purified chicken heart actin and tropomyosin. In normal hearts, both antiactin and antitropomyosin stained the myofibrillar I-bands intensely. In mutant hearts, intensity of staining with antiactin antibody was similar to normal, although sarcomeric patterns were not observed. Staining intensity for tropomyosin with antitropomyosin antibody was significantly reduced in mutant hearts when compared to normal. Biochemical studies were used to evaluate antibody specificity, antigenic variability, and relative protein concentrations of actin and tropomyosin in normal and mutant cardiac tissues. Tissue homogenates were electrophoresed in two dimensions, and second-dimension slab gels were either Coomassie Blue silver-stained or transblotted onto nitrocellulose and the proteins stained with antibodies. Stained gels and immunoblots of cardiac proteins reveal that the amounts of actin isoforms are identical in normal and mutant hearts. However, these methods demonstrate a significantly reduced amount of tropomyosin in mutant tissue. This confirms earlier studies suggesting reduced amounts of tropomyosin in mutant hearts based upon immunological assays. Thus, failure of normal myofibrillogenesis in gene c mutant hearts does not appear to result from a change in actin isoform composition but may be related to a deficiency in tropomyosin.
Ferromagnetic VBO3 and antiferromagnetic CrBO3

Abstract Calcite-type VBO3 is a ferromagnetic semiconductor with σs=83.5 e.m.u./g., μs=1.64μB, TC=32.5°K, θ=34°K, and σ 300° K =1.2 × 10 5 Ω-cm . This is the first example of an ionic ferromagnetic vanadium compound. Isotypic CrBO3 is antiferromagnetic with TN=15°K, θ=−40°K.
Developmental changes in pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) neurons

The developmental decrease in rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep in man occurs between birth and after puberty. We hypothesize that if this decrease in REM sleep does not occur, lifelong increases in R...
A Fortran Program for Testing Agreement of Multiple Observers With a Categorical Standard on Nominal Scales

A computer program entitled Program STANDARD is presented which assesses the significance of the conjoint agreement of many observers with a standard or "correct" set of choices for assignments of subjects or objects on nominal scales.
Putting humanity in context

Another Unique Species: Patterns in Human Evolutionary Ecology. by Robert Foley Longman: 1987. Pp. 313. Pbk a£12.95. To be published in the United States in December by Wiley, provisional price $32.95.
Prospects for novel deformation processed Al/Ca composite conductors for overhead high voltage direct current (HVDC) power transmission

Abstract In the quest for more efficient long-distance power transmission, High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission offers a reliable, cost-effective alternative to HVAC for long distance overhead transmission. Development of stronger, more conductive, and lighter conductor materials could lower HVDC construction costs, reduce energy losses, and increase reliability. In this paper, we describe a new deformation processed Al/Ca composite conductor now in development that has the potential to offer substantially lower density, higher strength, and higher conductivity for HVDC than today's conductor materials. This Al/Ca composite has shown promising early corrosion and elevated temperature performance test results, but additional research is needed to determine its fatigue and creep strengths, as well as its susceptibility to electrotransport phenomena and other factors. The design process, production methods, and physical properties of the new composite conductor are discussed. An economic and thermal analysis of this conductor material is also presented.
Malignant carcinoid of the gallbladder: Third reported case and review of the literature

The case of a 26-year-old male with malignant carcinoid of the gallbladder is presented. Extensive review of the literature reveals this patient to be the third case of a metastasizing gall bladder carcinoid and the twelfth reported case in the literature.
Query refinement by word proximity and position

Traditional online information services have been offering proximity and positional operators for many years to narrow or broaden a search by specifying how far and in what order the words of the query should appear in the documents or in their surrogates to qualify for retrieval. The proximity and positional operators which define the distance and the order of the words required are not exactly intuitive and vary greatly from one online system to the other. Still, they are used by the savviest searchers intensively. This paper examines and evaluates various search engines in terms of word proximity and position.
Efficacies of BCG and vole bacillus (Mycobacterium microti) vaccines in preventing clinically apparent pulmonary tuberculosis in rabbits: a preliminary report.

Tuberculosis (TB) kills more people in the world today than any other infectious disease, and the number of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates is increasing. Vaccines, better than most of the currently available strains of bacille Calmette–Guerin (BCG), are urgently needed to control this disease. TB in rabbits resembles human TB more closely than TB in any other common laboratory animal and a most pertinent method of assessing vaccine efficacy is Lurie's tubercle count method in this species. Vaccinated and control rabbits were infected by aerosol with virulent human-type tubercle bacilli (H37Rv). At necropsy 5 weeks thereafter, the grossly visible primary tubercles in the entire lung were counted. A decrease in the number of such tubercles is a quantitative measure of vaccine efficacy: An effective vaccine prevents microscopic tubercles from growing to grossly visible (clinically apparent) size. The Pasteur substrain of BCG and two substrains of Mycobacterium microti (the vole bacillus) reduced the number of visible primary tubercles an average of 75%, whereas three other substrains of BCG and three other substrains of vole bacilli only reduced the number an average of 40%. These initial studies indicate that Lurie's tubercle-count method in rabbits is a precise way to choose the best available tuberculosis vaccines.
Amino acid composition of Mycobacteria.

Abstract The amino acid composition of ten strains of mycobacteria cultured on chemically defined media has been determined by microbiological assay. It was found that glutamic acid is the most abundant amino acid, and that the relative order of abundance of the other amino acids differs somewhat from that of other microorganisms or vertebrates. While the over-all composition of these organisms is strikingly similar, the human virulent H37Rv is unique in having a glutamic acid content which is much greater than the human avirulent organisms or the average of the other strains assayed.
Nociceptive sensitization by complement C5a and C3a in mouse

Activation of the complement system by injury increases inflammation by producing complement fragments C5a and C3a which are able to recruit and activate immune cells. Complement activation may contribute to pain after inflammation and injury. In this study, we examined whether C5a and C3a elicit nociception when injected into mouse hind paws in vivo, and whether C5a and C3a activate and/or sensitize mechanosensitive nociceptors when applied on peripheral terminals in vitro. We also examined the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) for C5a receptor (C5aR) mRNA and effects of C5a and C3a on intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) using Ca(2+) imaging. Heat hyperalgesia was elicited by intraplantar injection of C5a, and mechanical hyperalgesia by C5a and C3a. After exposure to either C5a or C3a, C-nociceptors were sensitized to heat as evidenced by an increased proportion of heat responsive fibers, lowered response threshold to heat and increased action potentials during and after heat stimulation. A-nociceptors were activated by complement. However, no change was observed in mechanical responses of A- and C-nociceptors after C5a and C3a application. The presence of C5aR mRNA was detected in DRG. C5a and C3a application elevated [Ca(2+)](i) and facilitated capsaicin-induced [Ca(2+)](i) responses in DRG neurons. The results suggest a potential role for complement fragments C5a and C3a in nociception by activating and sensitizing cutaneous nociceptors.
The intra- and inter-instrument reliability of DXA based on ex vivo soft tissue measurements.

Objective: Comparison of ex-vivo soft tissue measurements using the GE/Lunar pencil (DPX-L; GE/Lunar Co., Madison, WI) and fan beam (Prodigy dual-energy X-ray absorptiometers (DXA) GE/Lunar Co.). Research Methods and Procedures: Intra-instrument reliability was assessed by repeatedly scanning soft tissue phantoms for lean tissue (water) and fat tissue (methanol) using one DPX-L and two identical Prodigy DXAs at fast, medium, and slow scan modes. For each machine, 10 scans of each phantom were performed at each scan speed. The number of scans per instrument totaled 60. Data were analyzed using ANOVA to ascertain whether scan speed affected the intra-instrument reliability and to test whether soft tissue measurements differed among instruments. Percentage fat (phantom density) was the outcome variable. Results: Intra-instrument reliability, expressed as coefficient of variation, ranged between 0.7% and 5.2% for the DPX-L and 0.4% and 4.5% for the Prodigy, with the lowest coefficients of variation observed when scanning the fat tissue phantom. Scan speed also affected the intra-instrument reliability (p < 0.01). Furthermore, differences in the measurement of percentage body fat for both the lean and fat tissue phantoms were observed among all three absorptiometers (all p < 0.01). After adjusting for scan speed, differences persisted for all three instruments. Discussion: Intra- and inter-instrument reliability of DXA machines, even those from the same manufacturer, remains unpredictable. Thus, when measuring body composition using DXA, it is important to consider that even in the absence of measurement bias, the use of different DXA machines, particularly when using a variety of speed settings, will increase the residual error around the true value.
Efficiency of insect capture by Sarracenia purpurea (Sarraceniaceae), the northern pitcher plant.

Pitcher plants (Sarracenia purpurea L.) attract insects to pitchers and then capture them in fluid-filled, pitfall traps, but how efficient are pitcher plants at capturing prey in their natural environment? We monitored insect activity by videotaping pitchers and analyzing videotapes for several variables including identity of each visitor and outcome of each visit (e.g., departure or capture). Efficiency of capture (i.e., number of captures per number of visits) was low. Overall efficiency of capture was 0.83-0.93%, depending on whether potential prey were broadly or narrowly defined. Ants constituted 74% of the potential prey. Efficiency of capture of ants was even lower at 0.37%. Potential prey were more likely to visit pitchers with greater red venation and less water in the pitcher. There was no correlation between number of potential prey visiting a pitcher and pitcher age, length, or mouth width. Also, number of potential prey visits did not correlate with plant size, air temperature, time of day or date of videotaping. While the overall efficiency of prey capture was very low, pitcher plants may still benefit from the additional nutrients. However, the relationship between ants and S. purpurea remains an enigma, since it is unclear whether the plants capture enough ants to compensate for nectar lost to ants.
Quantitative set analysis for gene expression: a method to quantify gene set differential expression including gene-gene correlations

Enrichment analysis of gene sets is a popular approach that provides a functional interpretation of genome-wide expression data. Existing tests are affected by inter-gene correlations, resulting in a high Type I error. The most widely used test, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, relies on computationally intensive permutations of sample labels to generate a null distribution that preserves gene–gene correlations. A more recent approach, CAMERA, attempts to correct for these correlations by estimating a variance inflation factor directly from the data. Although these methods generate P-values for detecting gene set activity, they are unable to produce confidence intervals or allow for post hoc comparisons. We have developed a new computational framework for Quantitative Set Analysis of Gene Expression (QuSAGE). QuSAGE accounts for intergene correlations, improves the estimation of the variance inflation factor and, rather than evaluating the deviation from a null hypothesis with a P-value, it quantifies gene-set activity with a complete probability density function. From this probability density function, P-values and confidence intervals can be extracted and post hoc analysis can be carried out while maintaining statistical traceability. Compared with Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and CAMERA, QuSAGE exhibits better sensitivity and specificity on real data profiling the response to interferon therapy (in chronic Hepatitis C virus patients) and Influenza A virus infection. QuSAGE is available as an R package, which includes the core functions for the method as well as functions to plot and visualize the results.
Webtag: A World Wide Internet Based AR System

Webtag is a marker based system where every marker contains an internationally unique identifier which links to 2D or 3D content from a user's Website. A two stage design combines the basic 10-bit ID (tier-1 ID) of the current ARTag system which is used for pose tracking when the marker is far away, and a smaller and dense array of extra bits allow an additional 32 bits (tier-2 ID) to be recognized when the camera is close. A user brings his/her AR device close to the marker such that the tier-2 ID is read, and then the IDs are mapped to a web address from which the augmenting model, image, or animation is loaded. Thereafter the content is rendered relative to the tier-1 ID which can be seen at greater distances. This allows a user anywhere on internet to access augmented content printed in magazines, seen on posters, etc. Webtag is a prototype system that may allow large scale acceptance of AR by the public.
First Report of Gastrointestinal Helminths from the Wokan Cannibal Frog, Lechriodus melanopyga (Amphibia: Limnodynastidae), from Papua New Guinea.

ABSTRACT The initial gastrointestinal helminth list is established for Lechriodus melanopyga (Doria) from Papua New Guinea. Examination of the digestive tracts of 16 L. melanopyga from April–May (n = 14) and October (n = 2) revealed six helminth species: Digenea: Mesocoelium monas; Nematoda: Aplectana macintoshii, Cosmocerca novaeguineae, Oswaldocruzia bakeri, Abbreviata sp. (larvae in cysts); Acanthocephala: Acanthocephalus bufonis. Cosmocerca novaeguineae was present in the greatest numbers (171) and shared the highest prevalence (88%) with Acanthocephalus bufonis. Lechriodus melanopyga represents a new host record for each of these helminths. New Guinea is a new locality record for Mesocoelium monas and Acanthocephalus bufonis.
A Passionate Affair: The Master-Servant Relationship in Seventeenth-Century Maryland

(1999). A Passionate Affair: The Master‐Servant Relationship in Seventeenth‐Century Maryland. The Historian: Vol. 61, No. 4, pp. 751-764.
Terror, silencing and children: international, multidisciplinary collaboration with Guatemalan Maya communities.

In recent years psychologists and other mental health workers have begun to document the effects of state-sponsored violence and civil war on civilians and to develop specific clinical and community interventions to address these issues. During the past decade between 50,000 to 100,000 Guatemalans have been murdered and at least 38,000 people disappeared. Over 400 rural villages were destroyed and the Guatemalan army's scorched earth policy forced hundreds of thousands who survived to flee, either to another part of the country or to leave Guatemala altogether. State-sponsored terror and silencing persists in Guatemala despite a return to civilian government. This article describes some of the problems encountered by Maya children in situations of ongoing war and state-sponsored terror and the development of one specific response, Creative Workshops for Children, an international, interdisciplinary program organized by mental health workers from Argentina, Guatemala and United States. The inadequacies of psychological theory based on a medical model that sees trauma as an intrapsychic phenomenon and conceptualizes its effects in situations of war as post-traumatic stress are described and a reconceptualization of trauma as psychosocial is proposed. The accompanying need to address the "normal abnormality" of war and state-sponsored terror through a community-based group process is presented. The model incorporates drawing, story telling, collage and dramatization in a group process that seeks to create a space and time in which the child can express him or herself, communicate experiences to others, and discharge energy and emotion connected to previous traumatic experiences. The work draws on existing cultural traditions (e.g. oral story telling and dramatization) and resources (e.g. nature, plants) of indigenous communities, offering additional resources to those seeking to collaborate in the development of mental health in their communities and suggesting alternative bases from which to understand the cultural and social psychological effects of war. Through participation in the creative workshop the child survivor enhances natural means for communication that will facilitate the expression of physical and mental tensions and the development of a capacity to construct an identity that is not exclusively subject to the dehumanizing and traumatizing reality of war. The strengths of this work and the limits of psychoassistance work within a context of war are enumerated and discussed.
Hemodynamic and echocardiographic profiles in African American compared with White offspring of hypertensive parents: the HyperGEN study.

A higher prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and LV dysfunction in African Americans may partially explain their greater incidence of cardiovascular disease compared with whites. Nkomo et al. evaluated the prevalence of LVH and its relation to systolic function in a population-based sample of African Americans from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study (2,543 African Americans aged 51–70 years without clinically apparent heart disease).1 They found that LVH was highly prevalent in the ARIC population and was associated with poorer LV function.1 Several studies suggest that changes in vascular and cardiac structure precede the development of elevated blood pressure with resultant hypertension that ultimately leads to clinical events.2–4 Alterations in cardiovascular structure and function also have been shown to precede the finding of elevated blood pressure and include the occurrence of LVH in children and young adults of hypertensive parents.5 Diastolic filling abnormalities also occur in normotensive individuals predisposed to hypertension, and endothelial dysfunction often occurs as a precursor to hypertension.6,7 Increased arterial stiffness in normotensive subjects also predisposes them to develop hypertension.8 Since African Americans have a much greater prevalence of hypertension and higher blood pressure levels relative to whites,9 we analyzed the Hypertension Genetic Epidemiologic Network (HyperGEN) cohort to determine whether subclinical abnormalities in LV structure and function exist more frequently in African American normotensive offspring of hypertensive parents compared with their white counterparts.
Exotic Dancing and the Negotiation of Identity: The Multiple Uses of Body Technologies

This study investigates the multiple uses of body technologies by female exotic dancers and the relationship to dancers’negotiations of identity. Using ethnographic methods, primarily in-depth interviews, this article probes the ways that dancers alter their bodies to earn money while also attempting to re-create different meanings through their bodies. In fact, the women use body technologies for multiple purposes but make choices about their bodies in a context that rewards them for only sexualized one-dimensional meanings. Body technologies both hinder and help the attempts these women make to manage subsequent identity complications and are engaged on different levels. This article highlights the ways that body technologies reflect the dancers’ struggles concerning body and identity.
Mario und der Zauberer: The Narration of Seduction or the Seduction of Narration?

This article is an attempt to interpret a work of the great ironist, Thomas Mann, in the light of recent concerns with alleged “authoritarian” writing. Such critics as the late Roland Barthes and many advocates of reader theory have called to question traditionally accepted methods of literary persuasion. Such anxiety about coercive rhetoric became acute after the debacle of European fascism when a heinously effective propaganda was able to persuade entire nations to commit outrageous crimes against humanity. Peitho, the once revered Goddess of Persuasion for the Greeks, has become a wicked seductress for many contemporary language sceptics. It is within the context of such concerns with the nature of the persuasive powers of fiction that this article undertakes to analyse Mann's work on and of seduction: Mario und der Zauberer. My major contention is that it is not merely a literary work about fascism but, perhaps more significantly, a disclosure of the latent fascism in literature and all persuasive art. “The sole temple to Peitho is Language” Euripides
Studies on the dominant-lethal and fertility effects of the heavy metal compounds methylmercuric hydroxide, mercuric chloride, and cadmium chloride in male and female mice.

Abstract Dominant-lethal effects of 10 mg/kg methylmercuric hydroxide were studied in male mice from two hybrid stocks and in females from one of these stocks. Two other compounds, mercuric chloride (2 mg/kg) and cadmium chloride (2 mg/kg), were studied only in females for dominant-lethal (in one hybrid stock) and reproductive capacity effects (in two hybrid and one mixed stocks). All compounds were administered in a single intraperitoneal injection. When males of one of the two stocks studied were treated with methylmercuric hydroxide, the females to which they were mated exhibited a slight reduction in the total number of implantations and in the number of living embryos. These reductions were accompanied by a very small increase in the incidence of dead implantations. In females, cadmium chloride had no detectable dominant-lethal or other fertility effects, except superovulation. On the other hand, the two mercury compounds slightly reduced the numbers of implants and living embryos in females subjected to dominant-lethal studies. The two mercury compounds also induced a slight reduction in the long-term reproductive performance of one stock of females. These results and those reported earlier by others, indicate that the mercury compounds studied so far are not potent inducers of dominant-lethal mutations in male and female mice. It is not clear whether the small effects on male or female fertility induced in some cases, particularly the increase in dead implantations and reductions in the number of living embryos, were attributable to dominant-lethal mutations or to nongenetic causes.
Fire Safety in the Low-Gravity Spacecraft Environment

Research in microgravity (low-gravity) combustion promises innovations and improvements in fire prevention and response for human-crew spacecraft. Findings indicate that material flammability and fire spread in microgravity are significantly affected by atmospheric flow rate, oxygen concentration, and diluent composition. This information can lead to modifications and correlations to standard material-assessment tests for prediction of fire resistance in space. Research on smoke-particle changes in microgravity promises future improvements and increased sensitivity of smoke detectors in spacecraft. Research on fire suppression by extinguishing agents and venting can yield new information on effective control of the rare, but serious fire events in spacecraft.
Epizootic and zoonotic helminths of the bobcat (Lynx rufus) in Illinois and a comparison of its helminth component communities across the American Midwest.

A total of 6257 helminths of 19 taxa were recovered from the digestive tract and lungs of 67 bobcats in Illinois. Infections caused by Alaria mustelae, Diphyllobothrium latum, and Macracanthorhynchus ingens are reported for the first time in bobcats. From all the taxa recovered, only three species occurred in high prevalence and caused intense infections: Taenia rileyi, Alaria marcianae, and Toxocara cati, with prevalence and mean intensity of 70% and 6; 42% and 193, and 25% and 14 individuals, respectively. Prevalence lower than 15% of 14 helminth species suggests bobcats are not continuously exposed to infective stages of a single parasite, and may be exposed to a large variety of generalists during their lifespan. No significant difference in parasite species according to host sex or age was detected, except for Diphyllobothrium spp., which were found more frequently in females and in trapped bobcats, and the hookworm, Ancylostoma caninum, which infected juveniles more frequently. Average species richness per infra- community was 2.4 (±1.2), and the parasite component community showed low qualitative similarity with neighbor communities. The taxa A. caninum, Alaria spp., Diphyllobothrium spp., Paragonimus kellicotti, and T. cati are etio- logical agents of epizootic and zoonotic diseases. Resume´ - Helminthes epizootiques et zoonitiques du lynx roux (Lynx rufus) en Illinois et une comparaison de ses communautes de parasites dans le Mid-Ouest Americain. Un total de 6257 helminthes de 19 taxa ont e´ collectes de l'appareil digestif et des poumons de 67 lynx roux dans l'Illinois. Les infections causees par Alaria mustelae, Diphyllobothrium latum et Macracanthorhynchus ingens sont rapportees pour la premiere fois chez les lynx roux. De tous les taxa collectes, seules trois especes presentaient une prevalence importante et causaient des infections intenses : Taenia rileyi, Alaria marcianae et Toxocara cati, avec des prevalences et intensites moyennes de respectivement 70 % et 6 individus, 42 % et 193 et 25 % et 14. Les prevalences inferieures a `1 5 % de 14 especes d'helminthes suggerent que les lynx roux ne sont pas exposes en permanence aux stades infectieux d'un parasite unique, et peuvent e exposes aune grande varieted e generalistes au cours de leur vie. Aucune difference significative dans les especes de parasites selon sexe et l'age n'a ed ee, sauf pour Diphyllobothrium spp., qui a etrouveplus frequemment chez les femelles et chez les lynx pieges, et l'ankylostome Ancylostoma caninum, qui infectait plus souvent les juveniles. La richesse en especes moyenne par infracommunauteetait de 2.4 (±1.2), et la communautedes parasites a montreune faible similaritequalitative avec les communautes voisines. Les taxa A. caninum, Alaria spp., Diphyllobothrium spp., Paragonimus kellicotti et T. cati sont des agents etiologiques de maladies e et de zoonoses.
A global optimization method for nonlinear bilevel programming problems

Nonlinear two-level programming deals with optimization problems in which the constraint region is implicitly determined by another optimization problem. Mathematical programs of this type arise in connection with policy problems to which the Stackelberg leader-follower game is applicable. In this paper, the nonlinear bilevel programming problem is restated as a global optimization problem and a new solution method based on this approach is developed. The most important feature of this new method is that it attempts to take full advantage of the structure in the constraints using some recent global optimization techniques.
Evaluation and Biomechanics of the First Ray in the Patient with Limited Motion

Adequate first ray function is essential to healthy human gait. Controversies still exist about aspects of human structure and function and many newer answers and theories have been proposed by a new generation of experts. Examples include the sagittal plane facilitation, tissue stress, and preferred movement pathway theories. This article also presents a summary of how to provide a thorough, detailed, and accurate first ray examination on the individual with limited motion. This article explores functional first ray mechanics in both a theoretic and biomechanical perspective, as well as a practical, hands-on examination perspective.
Field emission studies from Nb surfaces relevant to SRF cavities

Enhanced field emission (EFE) presents the main impediment to higher acceleration gradients in superconducting rf (SRF) niobium (Nb) cavities for particle accelerators. A scanning field emission microscope was built at Jefferson Lab with the main objective of systematically investigating the sources of EFE from Nb surfaces. Various surface preparation techniques and procedures, including chemical etching, electropolishing, ultrasonic water rinse, high pressure water rinse, air-dry after methanol rinse, air-dry after water rinse in Class 10 cleanroom, were investigated. The capability and process variables for broad-area Nb surfaces to consistently reach field emission free or near field emission free performance at /spl sim/140 MV/m have been experimentally demonstrated using the above techniques/procedures.
A software design model for parallel applications on heterogeneous systems

Overlap of computations and communications is an effective mechanism to improve the performance of parallel/distributed applications significantly. This overlap can be achieved efficiently by using data partitioning and properly scheduling the data transfer. Various asynchronous communication primitives, that are provided by most message passing tools (e.g. PVM, MPI), can be used to implement the required overlapping mechanism. In this paper, we present a design model, the Distributed Software Design Model (DSDM) and show how it can be applied to optimize parallel/distributed applications. We show through several examples, the Master-Slave Merge Sorting Application and the astrophysical N-Body Problem, how the DSDM can be used to develop efficient and optimized implementations of parallel and distributed algorithms.
Low-frequency current oscillations observed with high-resistivity nonohmic GaAs devices

Low-frequency small-amplitude current oscillations have been observed with devices constructed of high-resistivity n type bulk GaAs. The oscillations occurred simultaneously with current saturation with low threshold fields (200–1000 V/cm). The contact junctions made to the oscillating devices appear to be decidedly nonohmic, contrary to what other researchers observing the same type of oscillations have reported for their devices.