cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Linear frequency modulated signal detection using wavelet packet, ambiguity function and Radon transform

Proposes an approach which combines the ambiguity function, the wavelet packet transform, and the Radon transform to detect a weak linear frequency modulated (LFM) signal in a noisy environment. The input signal to be analysed is modeled by a linear sum of two (may be extended to more than two) LFM signals in which the weaker of the two LFM signals is to be detected. LFM signals are frequently encountered in radar problems.
Reconciling biodiversity conservation, people, protected areas, and agricultural suitability in Mexico

Summary Methods are needed to identify priority areas for biodiversity conservation that minimize conflict with agricultural productivity. Analysis of georeferenced datasets for breeding birds, mammals, and amphibians in Mexico indicates that only 94 of 3 040 areas are needed to include all unprotected species within a reserve system. An examination of socioeconomic data reveals that in most of these 94 areas, opportunities exist to develop reserve networks that conserve biodiversity without adversely affecting existing human settlement, land use, or agricultural productivity. Planning that simultaneously considers infrastructure development, agricultural suitability, and protected areas can conserve biodiversity, increase agricultural production, and support rural livelihoods.
Hepcidin‐25 Concentrations Are Markedly Increased in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease and Are Inversely Correlated With Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rates

Background Hepcidin-25 regulates iron homeostasis by binding the iron transporter ferroportin, causing its degradation. Increased hepcidin-25 causes decreased intestinal iron absorption and release from intracellular stores. Our objective in this study was to measure hepcidin-25 levels in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) to determine if they might contribute to the anemia of CKD. Methods We used a hepcidin-25-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure hepcidin-25 in 103 CKD patients and 100 healthy individuals. We assessed in CKD subjects the correlation of hepcidin-25 with creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), hemoglobin, blood urea nitrogen, serum iron, transferrin, and ferritin. Results Hepcidin-25 concentrations in CKD patients were significantly increased compared to healthy subjects (60.4 ± 6.1 μg/l vs. 3.0 ± 0.5 μg/l, P < 0.001). Hepcidin-25 concentrations were directly correlated with creatinine (R = 0.28, P = 0.004) and inversely correlated with eGFR (R = −0.32, P = 0.001). Hepcidin-25 levels were also correlated with transferrin (R = −0.28, P = 0.004) and ferritin (R = 0.80, P < 0.001). Conclusion The direct correlation of hepcidin-25 with creatinine and its inverse correlation with eGFR suggest that hepcidin-25 levels increase as renal function deteriorates, possibly due to decreased hepcidin-25 renal clearance.
UPPER AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION IN THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES

The upper airway is a complex structure comprised of mucosal, cartilaginous, articular, muscular, and neurologic structures. Given these features, it is understandable that patients with rheumatic diseases can develop a number of upper airway abnormalities. The upper airway plays an active role in speech, swallowing, and respiration; therefore, any process that causes obstruction of the upper airway can be a life-threatening event. Although airway obstruction can be managed effectively, suspicion is essential to making the diagnosis.
Gravitational collapse of a charged fluid sphere

A class of solutions of Einstein's gravitational field equations is discussed which describes the collapse or expansion of a charged, perfect-fluid spherical distribution of matter. These solutions reduce in the appropriate limits to certain charged Newtonian polytropes. A physical interpretation of the collapsing configurations is given, and it is shown that these solutions can describe the gravitational collapse of a bounded, charged fluid around a charged black hole. In all these configurations the singular region is either a spacelike or a null hypersurface. Therefore, the final state of collapse cannot be described by the complete analytic extension of the Reissner-Nordstr\"om spacetime. The special case of uniform density models is investigated in detail and it is shown that they describe the accretion of neutral matter by a charged black hole. On the basis of this analysis, it is suggested that for the realistic collapse of charged matter the singular region formed within the matter is either spacelike or null.
Benz[a]anthracene diols: Predicted carcinogenicity and structure-estrogen receptor binding affinity relationships

Benz[a]anthracenes are ubiquitous environmental carcinogens that exert estrogenic and antiestrogenic effects directly or via hydroxylated metabolities. In this paper, the structure-estrogen receptor binding relationships of four, 3,9-benz[a]anthracene diols are described: unsubstituted, 7-methyl, 12-methyl, and 7,12-dimethyl. Compounds unsubstituted at the 12-position have flat molecular topology, whereas methyl subsitution at the 12-position in the bay region induces twisting of the molecular framework. The oxygen-oxygen distances (11.94-11.98 A) are similar to diethylstilbestrol (12.1 A). The binding affinities range from 0.43% to 26% that of estradiol. Methyl substitution at the 7-position enhances affinity; 12-methyl substitution decreases it. These results are contrary to many estrogen receptor (ER) ligand systems, in which the compounds with the flatter molecular geometries typically have lower binding affinity. Molecular graphics were used to analyzed the fit of the four compounds with a receptor excluded volume model for the ER. These studies suggest that these compounds bind to the ER in a manner in which the anthracene fragment acts as the steroid AB-ring mimic (i.e, the benz[a]anthracene 9-position corresponds to the estradiol 3-position). Molecular orbital (AM1) calculations were used to calculate the charges of selected atoms. The 7-methyl compound was found to have greater charge similarity to estradiol than the other three compounds. The high affinity of the 7-methyl compound is ascribed to its charge similarity to estradiol, hydrophobic interactions in the receptor region that would accommodate a substituent in the planar 6-position of a Δ6,7-steroid, and favorable dispersive interactions with the receptor secondary to its extended planar system. Molecular orbital calculations also suggest that some of the benz[a]anthracene monophenols and diphenols have sufficiently low ionization potentials to act as carcinogens by a radical cation process.
Dynamic scheduling of design activities with resource constraints

A design process can be represented as a network of design activities. A number of design projects may be undertaken simultaneously. This paper deals with the problem of scheduling design activities of multiple design projects competing for the limited available resources. The problem of determining a schedule subject to precedence and resource constraints is difficult to solve. It becomes even more complex when unforeseen changes are considered, for example, in the level of resources. Therefore, the scheduling problem is decomposed into a series of multidimensional (multiresource) knapsack problems. Due to high computational complexity of the multidimensional knapsack problem, two solution procedures are proposed.
AN IN-HOUSE PHANTOM AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE DOPPLER FLOW PHANTOMS

Learning the principles and application of Doppler ultrasound is difficult and requires repeated practice. Flow phantoms provide a method of teaching Doppler techniques before their application in clinical patients; however, commercially available flow phantoms are expensive. Herein we describe an easily constructed, economic Doppler flow phantom, utilizing readily available products, for use as a training aid.
Scattering from conjugate-matched antennas

The scattering properties of antennas are discussed in terms of the scattering matrix. It is shown that one retains some control over the scattering properties of the antenna after the radiation pattern is specified and the scattering matrix can be used to optimize these scattering properties. The scattering matrix is used to design a simple antenna which absorbs more power than it scatters under conjugate-matched conditions. A loop-dipole configuration is given which corresponds to the scattering matrix.
Fludarabine and cyclophosphamide provides a nonmyeloablative alternative conditioning regimen with low transplant-related mortality and control of high risk disease

Non-myeloablative allogeneic transplant (NMAT) has a curative potential for patients who are not myeloablative allogeneic transplant (MAT) candidates. We report a phase II trial of a NMAT regimen with cyclophosphamide and fludarabine in 40 patients; 21 of whom had a prior MAT. Day +100 and 1-year transplant-related mortality (TRM) post-NMAT were 13% and 34%, respectively. Day +100 and 1-year Overall/Progression-Free Survival (OS/PFS) were 80%/65% and 43%/25%, respectively. OS was higher in patients with KPS≥90 and lower in recipient/donor CMV+/− vs. other combinations. FluCy has low TRM and is curative in about 20% of high-risk patients.
Management der Anwendungsentwicklung bei Volkswagen

Dieser Artikel stellt die Managementprozesse der Anwendungsentwicklung und — betreuung bei Volkswagen und deren Unterstutzung durch Kennzahlen vor.
Cultural competence in the college biology classroom.

Your words and actions can make a difference. (Center for the Integration of Research, Teaching, and Learning, University of Wisconsin) We would, of course, all like to think of ourselves as being “culturally competent.” Any biologist looking at these two words themselves would rightly presume that they understand the phrase. General definitions of the two words are as follows: Cultural: of or relating to the arts and manners that a group favors; denoting or deriving from or distinctive of the ways of living built up by a group of people; of or relating to the shared knowledge and values of a society (www.dictionary.com) Competence: adequacy; possession of required skill, knowledge, qualification, or capacity (www.dictionary.com) As a general phrase, “cultural competence” can often conjure for the unfamiliar reader a vision of a person who is fair, just, and open, a person who is nice, someone who is a good person at heart. Cultural competence, however, goes far beyond the everyday meanings that its component words invoke, and it is an active area of scholarship and professional development, especially in the training of K–12 education and health care professionals (Diller and Moule, 2005 ; Klump and Nelson, 2005 ; National Center for Cultural Competence [NCCC{, 2007 ). In fact, one would be hard pressed to find a medical, pharmacy, or nursing school or a precollege teacher preparation program that does not devote significant curricular time to developing cultural competence among their trainees. Yet, the term cultural competence is rarely found within the vocabulary of most practicing biologists and university-level biology teachers, and its relevance to biology may seem questionable. However, given the limited progress that has been made in diversifying the sciences as a discipline, the time has come for us to consider the implications and importance of cultural competence within the biological sciences, especially in the context of our teaching in classrooms and laboratories. So, what is cultural competence? Why should biologists care about it? What are common pitfalls that reveal our lack of cultural competence? And what are some teaching strategies that we can all use to continue to increase our cultural competence? Here, we attempt to address these questions and to connect readers in the biological sciences with insights from other disciplines that may aid them in striving for cultural competence in their own college or university classrooms and laboratories.
The Error Performance of A Class of Binary Communications Systems in Fading and Noise

A recent approach to the problem of digital communication over fading transmission paths is the development of the frequency differential system. This method employs binary phase reversal keying of a sinusoid together with the simultaneous transmission of an additional unmodulated sinusoid at a closely spaced neighboring frequency. The additional steady tone is used to establish reference models at the receiver for the correlation detection of the modulated signal. This paper examines the performance of the frequency differential system in the presence of noise and fading wherein the model for the fading signal path assumes Gaussian statistics for the received signals and a certain proportionality among the auto- and cross-correlation functions of the modulated and unmodulated signals as they appear at the receiver. Particular emphasis is placed on the asymptotic error probability which is approached as received signal strength is indefinitely increased. An important part of the paper is the derivation of a conceptually "optimum" receiver (in the maximum likelihood sense) for the reception of the frequency differential binary signals. This optimum receiver is shown to be free of the "bottoming" or asymptotic error behavior at high signal-to-noise ratios. In addition, a procedure is outlined for the best diversity operation of the elementary binary channels using minimum error as the criterion. A number of numerical examples are presented for representative fading and noise conditions which give quantitative descriptions of the elementary channel performance in noise alone, noise and fading, and dual diversity with noise and fading. Finally the performance of a truncated form of the optimum receiver is similarly described quantitatively in the presence of noise and fading.
Periaqueductal gray-evoked dorsal root reflex is frequency dependent.

Abstract The dorsal root reflex (DRR) is an antidromic action potential originating in the spinal cord that propagates toward the periphery. Given that both GABA A and 5-HT 3 receptors are involved in the generation of DRRs and stimulation of the periaqueductal gray (PAG) can induce the release of GABA and serotonin within the spinal cord, we investigated the modulation of DRRs by the PAG descending system. The central end of the cut left L5 dorsal root in adult Sprague–Dawley rats was tested with single fiber recording. Stimulating electrodes were placed in the PAG, sciatic nerve, or transcutaneously across hindpaws. Fifty-seven DRRs were recorded for the effect of PAG stimulation in 19 rats, and 51 DRRs from 26 rats and nine DRRs from seven rats were recorded for an effect of ipsilateral and contralateral peripheral stimulation, respectively. The results were expressed as a percentage of the number of DRRs over the number of stimuli. PAG stimulation at 0.2, 0.5, 5, 20, and 50 Hz produced ratio’s of 113.16±9.84, 114.54±12.22, 24.6±3.23, 17.77±4.76, and 12.62±3.44 (%), respectively. Stimulation at ipsilateral peripheral nerve evoked DRRs of 103.26±8.93, 95.27±10.57, 37.66±7.55, 11.32±4.96, and 5.32±3.82 (%), respectively. Stimulation of the contralateral peripheral nerve evoked DRRs of 90.88±15.59, 44.30±10.77, 6.29±1.63, 0.45±0.19, and 0.29±0.15 (%), respectively. Transection at the thoracic spinal level completely eliminated PAG-induced DRRs. In conclusion, both PAG and peripheral stimulation produced DRRs in a frequency dependent manner. Stimulus intensity has no significant effect on DRRs.
Increasing recycling in office environments: The effects of specific, informative cues

We investigated the effects of prompts on the recycling behavior of approximately 217 faculty, staff, and graduate students in two academic departments of a large university. During the intervention, two signs were posted in each department. One sign prompted recycling (posted above the recycling receptacle), and the other sign prompted proper disposal of trash (posted above the trash receptacle). Results of a multiple baseline design across the two departments indicated that the sign prompt increased recycling behavior. Installation of the sign prompts in close proximity to receptacles in Department A resulted in a 54% improvement over baseline. Posting of sign prompts over containers 4 m apart in Department B resulted in a 17% improvement, whereas positioning the signs and receptacles in close proximity resulted in a 29% improvement over baseline.
Five-year follow-up of patients participating in a randomized trial of uterine balloon therapy versus rollerball ablation for treatment of menorrhagia.

Abstract Study Objective To collect long-term follow-up information from women who participated in a randomized trial comparing uterine balloon therapy (UBT; Gynecare, Somerville, NJ) with rollerball ablation for treatment of menorrhagia. Design Five-year contact of participants treated in a 1996 multicenter, randomized trial (Canadian Task Force classification I). Setting Twelve North American university and private practice centers. Patients Women treated with endometrial ablation for menorrhagia who were available for 5-year follow-up. Intervention Uterine balloon therapy or rollerball ablation. Measurements and Main Results Of 255 women treated under the original protocol,147 were available to be interviewed 5 years after the procedure. Of these, 25 patients reported hysterectomy, repeat ablation, or dilatation and curettage (DC one-third of them were associated with myomas. Nearly 7 of 10 women were cured of menorrhagia without additional intervention 5 years after ablation. Conclusion UBT continues to be an effective, simple treatment of menorrhagia, with clinical outcomes similar to those of rollerball ablation at 5-year follow-up.
LIMOC: Enhancing the Lifetime of a Sensor Network with Mobile Clusterheads

This paper proposes a scheme for enhancement of network Lifetime using MObile Clusterheads (LIMOC) in a wireless sensor network (WSN). The low energy, static sensor nodes sense physical parameters and route the data to the highly energy-rich nodes called ClusterHeads (CHs) which are mobile and can transmit data directly to the base station (BS). A collaborative strategy among the CHs increases the lifetime (hence residual energy) of the network further. Simulation has shown that residual energy of the network can be improved by 45% by making the CHs always move towards the event in an event-driven network. For general cases, increased energy savings is obtained by making the CH move towards the center of equilibrium w.r.t. to both the total residual energy and data flow of the network.
Validation of a High Fidelity Adult Ureteroscopy and Renoscopy Simulator

Purpose: Surgical simulation technology may efficiently train and accurately assess the acquisition of many skills. Surgical simulators often lack realism and can be expensive at $3,000 to more than $60,000. We assessed the face, content and construct validity of a newly developed, anatomically accurate, reasonably priced high fidelity ureteroscopy and renoscopy trainer.Materials and Methods: A total of 46 participants, including attending urologists, urology residents, medical students and industry representatives, assessed the face and content validity of the simulator using a standard questionnaire. Ten experienced ureteroscopists with greater than 30 procedures per year and 10 novice ureteroscopists with 0 were assessed on the ability to perform flexible ureteroscopy, renoscopy and intrarenal basket extraction of a lower pole calculus using the adult ureteroscopy trainer (Ideal Anatomic Modeling, Holt, Michigan). Subject performance was assessed by an experienced ureteroscopist using a checklist, glob...
Frontal Brain Asymmetry and Reward Responsiveness: A Source-Localization Study

The influence of approach and avoidance tendencies on affect, reasoning, and behavior has attrac- ted substantial interest from researchers across various areas of psychology. Currently, frontal electroencephalo- graphic (EEG) asymmetry in favor of left prefrontal re- gions is assumed to reflect the propensity to respond with approach-related tendencies. To test this hypothesis, we recorded resting EEG in 18 subjects, who separately performed a verbal memory task under three incentive conditions (neutral, reward, and punishment). Using a source-localization technique, we found that higher task- independent alpha2 (10.5-12 Hz) activity within left dorsolateral prefrontal and medial orbitofrontal regions was associated with stronger bias to respond to reward- related cues. Left prefrontal resting activity accounted for 54.8% of the variance in reward bias. These findings not only confirm that frontal EEG asymmetry modulates the propensity to engage in appetitively motivated behavior, but also provide anatomical details about the underlying brain systems.
Brief paper: Synthesis of linear stochastic signals in identification problems

Stationary stochastic inputs are generated from linear processes of the autoregressive moving average type. Since the spectral density of such an input process is nonzero everywhere, this belongs to the class of admissible signals satisfying identifiability requirements. A characterization of the optimal signals is obtained in terms of their spectral densities using the results on asymptotic eigenvalue distribution of Toeplitz matrices. These signals belong to the general class of random inputs that can be generated using standard instrumentation consisting of delay lines and a white noise generator.
Incorporating motivational intensity and direction into the study of emotions: implications for brain mechanisms of emotion and cognition-emotion interactions

Contemporary dimensional models of emotion regard the positive to negative valence dimension as an important organising principle. This principle has been used to organise empirical observations of the relationship between left vs. right (asymmetrical) frontal cortical activations and positive vs. negative emotional experience and expression. This affective valence organising principle has also been used in research concerned with how emotions affect cognition, and much research has suggested that positive affects have different effects on cognition than negative affects. In this paper, we review recent research that questions the utility of the affective valence dimension in understanding the functions of asymmetrical frontal cortical activity and in understanding the effects of emotions on cognition. We will show that the incorporation of motivational direction as a separate dimension from affective valence will benefit understanding of brain mechanisms involved in emotions as well as emotion-cognition interactions. (Netherlands Journal of Psychology, 64, 132-142.)
Holomorphic cuves in Exploded Torus Fibrations: Regularity

The category of exploded torus fibrations is an extension of the smooth category related to tropical geometry in which some adiabatic limits appear as smooth families. This paper contains regularity results for families of holomorphic curves in this category. The main result is a local model for the moduli space of holomorphic curves, which in the case of transversality of the ¯ @ equation implies that the moduli space of holomorphic curves has the appropriate regularity. (This includes regularity of families of holomorphic curves in the smooth category which exhibit bubbling behavior.) A sketch of one method for constructing a ‘virtual class’ for the moduli stack of holomorphic curves using these local regularity results is included.
Relation between dieting and weight change among preadolescents and adolescents.

Objective. To assess whether dieting to control weight was associated with weight change among children and adolescents. Methods. A prospective study was conducted of 8203 girls and 6769 boys who were 9 to 14 years of age in 1996, were in an ongoing cohort study, and completed at least 2 annual questionnaires between 1996 and 1999. Dieting to control weight, binge eating, and dietary intake were assessed annually from 1996 through 1998 with instruments designed specifically for children and adolescents. The outcome measure was age- and sex-specific z score of body mass index (BMI). Results. In 1996, 25.0% of the girls and 13.8% of the boys were infrequent dieters and 4.5% of the girls and 2.2% of the boys were frequent dieters. Among the girls, the percentage of dieters increased over the following 2 years. Binge eating was more common among the girls, but in both sexes, it was associated with dieting to control weight (girls: infrequent dieters, odds ratio [OR]: 5.10; frequent dieters, OR: 12.4; boys: infrequent dieters, OR: 3.49; frequent dieters, OR: 7.30). During 3 years of follow-up, dieters gained more weight than nondieters. Among the girls, frequency of dieting was positively associated with increases in age- and sex-specific z scores of BMI (β = 0.05 and β = 0.04 for frequent and infrequent dieters vs nondieters). Among the boys, both frequent and infrequent dieters gained 0.07 z scores of BMI more than nondieters. In addition, boys who engaged in binge eating gained significantly more weight than nondieters. Conclusions. Although medically supervised weight control may be beneficial for overweight youths, our data suggest that for many adolescents, dieting to control weight is not only ineffective, it may actually promote weight gain.
Efficient, Compromise Resilient and Append-Only Cryptographic Schemes for Secure Audit Logging

Due to the forensic value of audit logs, it is vital to provide compromise resiliency and append-only properties in a logging system to prevent active attackers. Unfortunately, existing symmetric secure logging schemes are not publicly verifiable and cannot address applications that require public auditing (e.g., public financial auditing), besides being vulnerable to certain attacks and dependent on continuous trusted server support. Moreover, Public Key Cryptography (PKC)-based secure logging schemes require Expensive Operations (ExpOps) that are costly for both loggers and verifiers, and thus are impractical for computation-intensive environments.
Familial secondary hyperhidrosis associated with tumor necrosis factor–alpha inhibitor treatment

Hyperhidrosis is a disorder caused by overactivity of the eccrine glands and characterized by excessive sweating beyond what is essential for thermoregulation.1 Its prevalence is 3% in the US population and affects men and women equally.1, 2 Hyperhidrosis can be classified as either primary, which tends to be focal, or secondary, which tends to be more generalized.2 Primary hyperhidrosis specifically affects the palms, soles, axillae, and face in a bilateral, symmetric distribution; begins in adolescence; and does not occur during sleep. In contrast, secondary hyperhidrosis typically presents in adults, affects a wider distribution of the body asymmetrically during both waking and sleeping hours, and is caused by either underlying medical conditions or medications.2
Integrating Apps With the Core Arts Standards in the 21st-Century Elementary Music Classroom

The implementation of the National Core Arts Standards has amplified the need for multiple approaches and opportunities for student responses and may compel music educators to use new tools. There ...
Flexural Rigidity, Taper Angle, and Contact Length Affect Fretting of the Femoral Stem Trunnion in Total Hip Arthroplasty

Abstract Background Modularity at the head-neck junction in total hip arthroplasty allows for intraoperative adjustments but may be a source of metallic debris. We determined how flexural rigidity, taper angle, contact length, and lever arm affect fretting and corrosion at this junction. Methods A total of 77 metal-on-polyethylene total hip arthroplasties retrieved over a 10-year period at a single institution were obtained. Head tapers and stem trunnions were graded for fretting and corrosion. Results Stem fretting was inversely related to rigidity and taper angle, while positively correlated to contact length. Head fretting and head and stem corrosion were not associated with any of these parameters. Conclusion Design and assembly factors at the modular head-neck connection affected stem fretting among the retrieved components, suggesting that these parameters are important to consider when choosing a modular system.
Kallikrein inhibitory capacity of alpha2-macroglobulin subunits.

SummaryHuman α2-macroglobulin can be dissociated by dialysis against 3 M urea into two 11S subunits which remain stable under physiologic conditions. These subunits retain kallikrein inhibitory capacity albeit at a reduced level when compared with the native protein. They furthermore protect bound kallikrein from further inhibition by native α2-macroglobulin. Bound kallikrein can not be dissociated from either the subunits or the native protein by Sephadex G-200 gel filtration.
In Vitro Selection of Sethoxydim-Resistant Creeping Bentgrass

Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) is a fine-textured, cold-hardy turfgrass used by the golf industry in the transition zone and farther north. Grassy weeds are a recurrent problem for seed producers and golf course managers. Her- bicide-resistant creeping bentgrass would pro- vide the seed producer and golf course manager with an additional tool to control grassy weeds. In the present study, in vitro selection was used to obtain mutants of creeping bentgrass via somaclonal variation that were resistant to the acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitor, sethoxydim {2-(1-(ethoxyimino) butyl)- 5-(2-(ethylthio)propyl)-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen- 1-one}. Selection was imposed on creeping bentgrass calli (total of 13,725) by growing them on induction medium containing 10 µM sethoxydim. Four independent sethoxydim- resistant calli were identified and subsequently sequenced toconfirm the presence of an A to C mutation in the first position of the 1781 amino acid codon causing an isoleucine to leucine substitution. Whole plant dose response experi- ments showed the sethoxydim-resistant event, SR1, was resistant to sethoxydim at rates of >3200 g a.i. ha -1 . SR1 also showed cross resis- tance to the ACCase-inhibitor herbicide, fenoxa- prop at rates of > 800 g a.i. ha -1 .
Evidence for proximity of YFe 2 Si 2 to a magnetic quantum critical point

Calculations of the electronic and magnetic properties of the nonmagnetic metallic compound ${\mathrm{YFe}}_{2}{\mathrm{Si}}_{2}$ are reported. These predict at the density functional level a magnetic state involving ordering along the $c$ axis. This predicted ground state contrasts with experiment, which does not show magnetic order. The electronic structure is three dimensional, and is similar to that of the unconventional superconductor ${\mathrm{YFe}}_{2}{\mathrm{Ge}}_{2}$ as well as that of the high-pressure collapsed tetragonal phase of ${\mathrm{KFe}}_{2}{\mathrm{As}}_{2}$, which is also a superconductor. Based on the results in relation to experiment, we infer that properties of ${\mathrm{YFe}}_{2}{\mathrm{Si}}_{2}$ are strongly influenced by a nearby antiferromagnetic quantum critical point.
Considerations when using longitudinal cohort studies to assess dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic and chronic health outcomes

Dietary arsenic exposure and chronic health outcomes are of interest, due in part to increased awareness and data available on inorganic arsenic levels in some foods. Recent concerns regarding levels of inorganic arsenic, the primary form of arsenic of human health concern, in foods are based on extrapolation from adverse health effects observed at high levels of inorganic arsenic exposure; the potential for the occurrence of these health effects from lower levels of dietary inorganic arsenic exposure has not been established. In this review, longitudinal cohort studies are evaluated for their utility in estimating dietary inorganic arsenic exposure and quantifying statistically reliable associations with health outcomes. The primary limiting factor in longitudinal studies is incomplete data on inorganic arsenic levels in foods combined with the aggregation of consumption of foods with varying arsenic levels into a single category, resulting in exposure misclassification. Longitudinal cohort studies could provide some evidence to evaluate associations of dietary patterns related to inorganic arsenic exposure with risk of arsenic-related diseases. However, currently available data from longitudinal cohort studies limit causal analyses regarding the association between inorganic arsenic exposure and health outcomes. Any conclusions should therefore be viewed with knowledge of the analytical and methodological limitations.
High performance insulation systems for chemical motors

Economics of manufacturing has dictated that the indoor housing of process facilities be limited to the minimum possible, that necessary only to protect the products. Where the material in process is housed in pipes, totally enclosed vessels, etc., it does not usually need additional weather protection, so the trend toward completely outdoor plants has become the rule rather than the exception.
Research Progress on Corrosion Prevention Technology of Main Cables for Suspension Bridge

The types and influencing factors of corrosion occurred on main cables of suspension bridge are discussed,and corrosion simulation test for main cables is introduced in this paper. Traditional technology of corrosion prevention for main cables of suspension bridge is discussed in brief,and dehumidification system of main cables is expounded in detail.In the end of this paper, research direction of dehumidification system of main cables is forecast.
Pharmaceuticals and Alzheimer’s

Epidemiological studies throughout history have provided useful information on disease processes and sometimes breakthroughs in medicine that have easily saved millions of lives. For example, the cholera epidemic in nineteenth-century London was nearly wiped out from the single-handed study of John Snow who showed that the death rate from cholera was much higher in the zone where a public water pump was used by the community. After disinfecting the water and pumping in chlorine, the outbreak quickly ended.
Management Controversies and Treatment Strategies for Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer

The management of borderline resectable cancer requires multi-disciplinary care including state-of-the-art radiographic imaging, combination treatment planning with medical oncology and radiation oncology, and technical surgical expertise combining gastrointestinal and vascular surgery.
Long-Term Average Spectral (LTAS) Measures of Dysarthria and Their Relationship to Perceived Severity

This study investigated the relationship between measures of Long-Term Average Spectrum (LTAS) for speakers with Parkinson's disease (PD) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and scaled estimates of perceived speech severity. Perceived severity was operationally defined as listeners' overall impression of voice, resonance, articulatory precision, and prosody without regard to intelligibility. Healthy control talkers were also studied. Speakers were audio recorded while reading Harvard Sentences and the Grandfather Passage. Using TF32 (Milenkovic, 2005), the LTAS was computed for sentences. Coefficients of the first four moments were used to characterize energy across the speech spectrum. Supplemental acoustic measures of articulatory rate, vocal intensity, and fundamental frequency also were obtained. Three speech-language pathologists scaled speech severity for the reading passages. Results indicated no group differences in acoustic measures. The absolute magnitude of correlations between LTAS moment coefficients and perceptual estimates of scaled severity within and across speaker groups ranged from .16 to .53, with the strongest correlations for the PD group. These results suggest that the LTAS may prove useful in conjunction with perceptual judgments to document speech spectral changes related to treatment or disease progression. Findings further suggest that different acoustic models of severity are likely needed for dysarthria secondary to PD and dysarthria secondary to MS.
Methotrexate-induced CD30(+) T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the oral cavity.

For more than 30 years, methotrexate (MTX) has been a mainstay in the treatment of various inflammatory disorders including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriasis.1 Off-label use of MTX has expanded in recent years, as it is found to be effective in treating dermatoses such as atopic dermatitis, bullous pemphigoid, pemphigus vulgaris, and mycosis fungoides.1 Because of its common use in dermatology, the oncogenic potential of MTX is of special significance for the clinician interested in prescribing this drug.1 Although MTX has been implicated in squamous cell carcinoma in patients treated for psoriasis, its potential to induce lymphoma is controversial, as studies find either an increase or no clinically significant increase in malignant potential with chronic MTX use.1 Herein, we report a case of a CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) of the lip and oral cavity in a patient taking MTX for RA.
Paired Restricted Boltzmann Machine for Linked Data

Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) are widely adopted unsupervised representation learning methods and have powered many data mining tasks such as collaborative filtering and document representation. Recently, linked data that contains both attribute and link information has become ubiquitous in various domains. For example, social media data is inherently linked via social relations and web data is networked via hyperlinks. It is evident from recent work that link information can enhance a number of real-world applications such as clustering and recommendations. Therefore, link information has the potential to advance RBMs for better representation learning. However, the majority of existing RBMs have been designed for independent and identically distributed data and are unequipped for linked data. In this paper, we aim to design a new type of Restricted Boltzmann Machines that takes advantage of linked data. In particular, we propose a paired Restricted Boltzmann Machine (pRBM), which is able to leverage the attribute and link information of linked data for representation learning. Experimental results on real-world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework pRBM.
Measured and modeled high-frequency acoustic impulse responses in very shallow water

A goal of the Center for Island, Maritime, and Extreme Environment Security (CIMES) is to develop passive acoustic methods to monitor harbor and near-shore environments. Advantages of passive systems include source classification capabilities (since sound sources have different signatures), improved detection and tracking capabilities in cases when sonar avoidance and jamming technologies are used, the ability to monitor the environment without alerting the intruder, and minimal environmental impact for sensitive areas. Localization and tracking of targets relies on understanding the acoustic field properties and propagation characteristics. For this reason, a series of experiments were conducted to determine empirical impulse responses and to evaluate the performance of acoustic propagation models at high-frequencies (10–80kHz). The experiments were conducted on site of the CIMES passive acoustic system, which is near-shore in shallow (∼10m) water off the south shore of Oahu, Hawaii. This paper presents the methods and results of these experiments and compares them with acoustic propagation model predictions. Implications for passive acoustic tracking are discussed.
A review of the irradiation evolution of dispersed oxide nanoparticles in the b.c.c. Fe-Cr system: Current understanding and future directions

Abstract Thus far, a number of studies have investigated the irradiation evolution of oxide nanoparticles in b.c.c. Fe-Cr based oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloys. But given the inconsistent experimental conditions, results have been widely variable and inconclusive. Crystal structure and chemistry changes differ from experiment to experiment, and the total nanoparticle volume fraction has been observed to both increase and decrease. Furthermore, there has not yet been a comprehensive review of the archival literature. In this paper, we summarize the existing studies on nanoparticle irradiation evolution. We note significant observations with respect to oxide nanoparticle crystallinity, composition, size, and number density. We discuss four possible contributing mechanisms for nanoparticle evolution: ballistic dissolution, Ostwald ripening, irradiation-enhanced diffusion, and homogeneous nucleation. Finally, we propose future directions to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of irradiation effects on oxide nanoparticles in ODS alloys.
Analogous mechanism regulating formation of neocortical basal radial glia and cerebellar Bergmann glia

The outer layer of the brain of a mammal, called the cortex, helps support mental abilities such as memory, attention and thought. In rodents, the cortex is smooth whereas in primates it is organized into folds. These folds increase the surface area of the brain and thus the number of neurons it can contain, which may in turn increase its processing power. Folding occurs as the brain develops in the womb. Specialized cells called basal or outer radial glia, which are more abundant in humans than in rodents, are believed to trigger the folding process. Another area of the brain, called the cerebellum, is intricately folded in both rodents and humans. As the brain develops, cells within the cerebellum called Bergmann glia cause the tissue to fold. Bergmann glia and basal radial glia share a number of similarities, but it was not known whether the same molecular pathway might regulate both types of cell. Now, Heng et al. show that Bergmann glia in the cerebellums of mice and basal radial glia in human cortex contain similar sets of active genes. Moreover, the molecular pathway that gives rise to Bergmann glia in mice is also active in the cortex of both mice and humans. However, it is much more active in humans, leading Heng et al. to speculate that high levels of activity in this pathway might give rise to basal radial glia. Consistent with this prediction, artificially activating the pathway at high levels in mouse cortex triggered the formation of basal radial glia in mice too. These results thus suggest that a common mechanism generates both types of glial cells involved in brain folding. The work of Heng et al. lays the foundations for further studies into how these cells fold the brain and thus how they contribute to more complex mental abilities. Remaining questions to address are whether other species with Bergmann glia also have folded cerebellums, and whether incorrect development of basal radial glia in humans leads to disorders in which the cortex folds abnormally.
Hidden State and the Punitive Public

In this chapter the author returns to Mettler’s (The Submerged State: How Invisible Government Policies Undermine American Democracy. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2011) submerged state policies. Mettler’s work documents the reality that citizens often fail to recognize instances where government programs support their lives. This chapter examines the policy attitudes of individuals who benefit from three of the largest submerged state programs (home mortgage interest, retirement savings, and health insurance tax deductions) and shows how holding hypocritical attitudes toward more visible welfare policies depends on personality. In particular, the chapter demonstrates how conscientiousness leads these individuals to express a desire to reduce or eliminate more visible government programs like welfare in general and food stamps in particular, while benefiting themselves from submerged welfare policies. Interestingly, agreeableness appears to have the opposite effect.
Bismuth-Boron Multiple Bonding in BiB2 O- and Bi2 B .

Despite its electron deficiency, boron is versatile to form multiple bonds. Transition metal-boron double bond is known, but boron-metal triple bonds have been elusive. Here we report two bismuth boron cluster anions, BiB2O− and Bi2B−, containing triple and double B-Bi bonds. The BiB2O− and Bi2B− clusters are produced by laser vaporization of a mixed B/Bi target and characterized by photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations. Well-resolved photoelectron spectra are obtained and interpreted with the help of ab initio calculations, which show that both species are linear. Chemical bonding analyses reveal that Bi forms triple and double bonds with boron in BiB2O− ([Bi≡B−B≡O]−) and Bi2B− ([Bi=B=Bi]−), respectively. The Bi-B double and triple bond strength are calculated to be 3.21 and 4.70 eV, respectively. This is the first experimental observation of Bi-B double and triple bonds, opening the door to design main group metal-boron complexes with multiple bonding.
Alcohol-Related Acute Axonal Polyradiculoneuropathy Mimicking Guillain–Barré Syndrome (P07.061)

OBJECTIVE: To describe an unusual manifestation of alcohol-related acute peripheral nerve injury. BACKGROUND: In contrast to peripheral polyneuropathy which is a well-known complication of chronic alcohol overuse, acute polyradiculoneuropathy mimicking Guillain–Barre syndrome is less well-recognized but should be considered in the appropriate clinical context. DESIGN/METHODS: Case Report- A 37 year old lady presented with bilateral lower extremity weakness of 3 weeks duration. She first noticed dull achiness and numbness to both thighs and anterior abdomen. Weakness affecting both hips and thighs occurred over the subsequent 4-5 days with numbness of bilateral fingertips. There were no antecedent symptoms of infection. Because of a history of heavy alcohol intake (0.5-1 pint of liquor/day x 2 years), she was referred for evaluation of suspected alcohol myopathy. Examination revealed moderate, symmetric, proximal weakness affecting hip and shoulder girdle muscles with mild, asymmetric weakness affecting the distal extremities. Deep tendon reflexes were absent in both lower extremities and normal in bilateral upper extremities. Sensation to all modalities was moderately diminished bilaterally from mid-leg distally. Station and gait features suggested a moderate sensory ataxia. RESULTS: An MRI of the lumbar spine was unremarkable. Electrodiagnostic studies demonstrated an acute, diffuse axonal polyradiculoneuropathy, much worse in the lower extremities. There was no evidence of a demyelinating or myopathic process. Cerebrospinal fluid studies showed: RBC: 29mm/3, WBC: 1mm/3, protein: 67mg/dL, glucose: 55mg/dL. There was a moderate transaminitis and a low thiamine level (59 nmol/L). With alcohol cessation, the patient received intravenous immunoglobulin, thiamine replacement and physical therapy with marked improvement in deficits. CONCLUSIONS: Acute ascending quadriparesis with areflexia and albumino-cytological dissociation in a thiamine-deficient alcoholic, may closely mimic Guillain–Barre syndrome but may represent an acute axonal polyradiculoneuropathy. Prompt electrodiagnostic studies are important to differentiate between these two conditions requiring different management approaches. Disclosure: Dr. Morren has nothing to disclose. Dr. Thakore has nothing to disclose. Dr. Li has nothing to disclose.