cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Electric vehicle grade lithium polymer battery model using PSCAD

This paper presents the circuit model of a lithium polymer battery designed using Power Systems Computer Aided Design (PSCAD). The developed model takes into account the effect of temperature and discharge rate. The designed circuit is based on runtime model. Model takes into account a varying State of Charge (SOC). Model uses the SOC dependent parameters obtained from the curve fitting toolbox of the MATLAB. Using a runtime model this model is able to produce the accurate results in terms of DC response and overall battery runtime. The battery model developed is based on standalone application such as electric vehicle is discharging to grid through inverter with constant current profile. As a result the model is developed on discharge characteristic of the battery. This model is modular so it can be expanded to get the full battery bank voltage. PSCAD employs 3-D table for different parameters of the battery. Two axes are temperature and discharge rates. The third axis is for the parameters of the battery model. The simulation results differed from test results by maximum of 2.8%.
Use of temperature-sensitive coatings for obtaining quantitative aerodynamic heat- transfer data

aluminum and vary from a minimum of three blades to a maximum of six blades, one of T-g -, one of ^-, one of f-, and one of J-in. diam. All of the rotors have removable shrouds around them. The blades are of aerofoil shape. This, in combination with suitable hub shape, prevents the rotation of the vane in irrotational flow. The constructional details are similar to those used by Todd. The rotors are interchangeable and can be press-fitted to the spindle. The speed of the rotor was measured by means of a stroboflash. The speed of rotation of a very thin nylon tuft attached to a thin wire was measured in a vortex field and compared with the speeds obtained from the vorticity meter. Nearly identical values confirmed the accuracy of the instrument.
Knowledge Sharing in Organizations: A Conceptual Framework

Knowledge is now being seen as the most important strategic resource in organizations, and the management of this knowledge is considered critical to organizational success. If organizations have to capitalize on the knowledge they possess, they have to understand how knowledge is created, shared, and used within the organization. Knowledge exists and is shared at different levels in organizations. This article examines knowledge sharing at the most basic level; namely, between individuals in organizations. Based on a review of existing literature in this area, this article presents a model that identifies factors that most significantly influence knowledge sharing at this level.
Catabolism of calcitonin gene-related peptide and substance P by neutral endopeptidase

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP) are released from sensory nerves upon exposure to irritating stimuli. Neutral endopeptidase (NEP), a membrane-bound peptidase, cleaves many peptides including SP, thereby limiting their biological actions. Recombinant NEP cleaved CGRP1 approximately 88-fold less rapidly than it cleaved SP. The slow cleavage by NEP of CGRP compared to SP suggests that this enzyme is likely to have weaker physiologic effects on CGRP than have been demonstrated for SP.
A proof of existence of perturbed steady transonic shocks via a free boundary problem

We prove the existence of a solution of a free boundary problem for the transonic small-disturbance equation. The free boundary is the position of a transonic shock dividing two regions of smooth flow. Assuming inviscid, irrotational flow, as modeled by the transonic small-disturbance equation, the equation is hyperbolic upstream where the flow is supersonic, and elliptic in the downstream subsonic region. To study the stability of a uniform planar transonic shock, we consider perturbation by a steady C1+ϵ upstream disturbance. If the upstream disturbance is small in a C1 sense, then there is a steady solution in which the downstream flow and the transonic shock are Holder-continuous perturbations of the uniform configuration. This result provides a new use of inviscid perturbation techniques to demonstrate, in two dimensions, the stability of transonic shock waves of the type that appear, for example, over the wing of an airplane, along an airfoil, or as bow shocks in a flow with a supersonic free-stream velocity. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Artificially Generated Data Sets for Testing DNA Sequence Assembly Algorithms

We have developed a set of tools, genfrag, to fragment and optionally mutate a DNA sequence to generate benchmark data sets for testing DNA sequence assembly algorithms. Data parameters can be systematically and independently varied to explore the range of data--and corresponding performance of assembly tools--encountered on large-scale random, or "shot-gun," sequencing projects.
Spectral mechanisms of the compound eye in the fireflyPhotinus pyralis (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)

Electroretinograms (ERG) were recorded from dark- and chromatic-adapted compound eyes in the dusk-active firefly,Photinus pyralis ♂, at different wavelengths ranging from 320 to 700 run and over 4.5 log units change in stimulus intensity. ERG waveforms differed in the short (near-UV and violet) and long (yellow) wavelengths (Fig. 1). Waveform differences were quantitated by analysis of rise and fall times as a function of the amplitude of the response. Rise times were found to be relatively constant for all stimulus wavelengths. However, variations in the fall times were detected and followed characteristically different functions for short and long wavelengths (Fig. 2).
Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia spectrum personality

Among the most prevalent and debilitating features of disorders on the schizophrenia spectrum are cognitive impairments. However, the pattern and severity of these impairments differ among individuals and across illnesses. The extent to which cognitive dysfunction occurs throughout the spectrum informs us about the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, the potential for treatment, and implications for the course of the illness. This article reviews the most recent findings on cognition in schizophrenia spectrum disorders, focusing on schizotypal personality disorder. Implications and directions for future research are offered.
Children's Understanding of Academic Tasks: Work, Play, or Learning.

Abstract Children's understanding of the purpose of school tasks—including the learning purpose of these tasks—and influences on this understanding were explored. Where teachers clarified what the tasks were intended to teach, kindergarten children were able to understand the learning purpose. In classrooms where teachers emphasized work completion and used basic skills worksheets as their instructional core, students were more likely to perceive their tasks as work that they have to do. However, work can be understood as the need for mental effort, reflecting the teacher's emphasis on the thinking required to learn. Implications of differences in children's perceptions of school tasks and of the meaning of learning and work are noted.
Linger thermo theory part II: A weight unbiased methodology for setting life insurance premiums

A nascent linger thermo theory is found to lead to a weight unbiased methodology for setting life insurance premiums. The approach is based on a theoretical adult lifespan realculated according to: τ = Δτ(M/ΔM)2 where M is the adult's mass, ΔM is the daily food mass (e.g., 0.4 kg for a daily 2,000 kcal diet of a M=70 kg adult) and Δτ is the duration of one day. Since τ is proportional to the ratio of an individual's mass to the consumed food per day squared, i.e., (M/ΔM)2, it predicts that the theoretical adult life expectancy of an individual can be weight independent as long as the ratio M/Δ M remains constant as he gains or loses fat. Most importantly, this 2010 theoretical prediction is supported by United States National Institute of Aging (NIA) rhesus monkey study results, first reported in a 2012 Nature journal article, which surprised and shocked the researchers when they discovered that higher weight (obese) monkeys had a similar life expectancy as lower weight ones. It is thus expected that the proposed premium acquisition method should improve on traditional calculations and actuarial tables that often presume that obese individuals have lower life expectancies.
If the Self Is a Text, What Genre Is It? Structure and Ideology in Narratives of Adult Learning

In this article, the author argues that the narrative forms imposed on students closely follow the narrative conventions of the Bildungsroman, the novel of human emergence that has traditionally been associated with what educators of adults would call experiential learning. The author’s presenting question—If the self is a text, what genre is it?—is the literary form of the question of where the life narratives valorized in adult learning originate, why they appear to be unmediated and authentic, and what ideological meaning they carry. The author further argues that students are expected to reproduce quite particular narrative conventions: the use of the past to explain the present, and vice versa; memory as a form of psychic coherence; a double plot that has an echo in a split protagonist; and the erasure of social conflict. In the conclusion, the author briefly focuses on magical realism as an alternative narrative of experience.
Plastic changes in ara c-treated and “transplanted” coeruleocerebellar cultures

Abstract Locus coeruleus axons project to cerebellar cortex in Coeruleocerebellar cultures, where they make functional contacts, and also appear as fine fibers in the outgrowth zones. The predominant catecholamine of locus coeruleus neurons in culture is dopamine. When Coeruleocerebellar cultures are exposed to cytosine arabinoside to destroy cerebellar granule cells and functionally compromise glia, there is a resultant increase of Purkinje cell survival and a sprouting of Purkinje cell recurrent axon collaterals, plus an increase of catecholaminergic axons accompanied by a doubling of tissue dopamine content. If such reorganized cultures are transplanted with granule cells and glia, a second round of plastic changes ensues in which the Purkinje cell population and the recurrent axon collaterals are reduced to control levels, but catecholaminergic axons and dopamine content remain increased. The maintenance of catecholaminergic axons does not appear to depend on the persistence of target neurons.
Strabismus surgery in patients receiving warfarin anticoagulation

Many ophthalmologists consider switching patients on chronic warfarin anticoagulation to enoxaparin or discontinuing their anticoagulant for strabismus surgery. We report 3 successful cases of strabismus surgery on patients taking warfarin. No excessive bleeding was encountered intraoperatively or during the recovery period. To our knowledge, this is the first report regarding the safety of strabismus surgery in patients who are maintained on warfarin during strabismus surgery.
Observation of two proacrosins in extracts of human spermatozoa.

The observation of 2 proacrosins in extracts of human spermatozoa is described. When spermatozoa were extracted in the presence of .05 M benzamidine the resulting solutions reveled a time-dependent sigmoidal increase of trypsinlike activity upon incubation at pH 8. Gel permeation chromatography of those extracts separated 2 species P1 and P2 with apparent molecular weights of 75000 and 42000 respectively. Both species are autoactivatable at pH 7-8 and the kinetic parameters of activated P1 and P2 are indistinguishable from those of human acrosin. That both are inactive precursors of human acrosin is shown by the fact that in the presence of benzamidine they are obtained instead of and in greater yield than acrosin. The features of the activation process show that P1 and P2 are zymogens.
A Study to Improve Communication Between Clinicians and Patients With Advanced Heart Failure: Methods and Challenges Behind the Working to Improve Discussions About Defibrillator Management Trial

We report the challenges of the Working to Improve Discussions About Defibrillator Management trial, our novel, multicenter trial aimed at improving communication between cardiology clinicians and their patients with advanced heart failure (HF) who have implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs). The study objectives are (1) to increase ICD deactivation conversations, (2) to increase the number of ICDs deactivated, and (3) to improve psychological outcomes in bereaved caregivers. The unit of randomization is the hospital, the intervention is aimed at HF clinicians, and the patient and caregiver are the units of analysis. Three hospitals were randomized to usual care and three to intervention. The intervention consists of an interactive educational session, clinician reminders, and individualized feedback. We enroll patients with advanced HF and their caregivers, and then we regularly survey them to evaluate whether the intervention has improved communication between them and their HF providers. We encountered three implementation barriers. First, there were institutional review board concerns at two sites because of the palliative nature of the study. Second, we had difficulty in creating entry criteria that accurately identified an HF population at high risk of dying. Third, we had to adapt our entry criteria to the changing landscape of ventricular assist devices and cardiac transplant eligibility. Here we present our novel solutions to the difficulties we encountered. Our work has the ability to enhance conduct of future studies focusing on improving care for patients with advanced illness.
Exothermodynamic Relationships in Liquid Chromatography

Exothermodynamic relationships in reversed-phase and hydrophobic interaction chromatography, with the temperature, organic modifier or salt concentration, and carbon number of the eluite and of the stationary phase ligate as the operating variables, are classified and the links between various linear free energy relationships established. Starting from Martin's relationship based on group additivity, we arrive at two linear free energy relationships: one between the logarithmic retention factors, κ, obtained on two different columns with eluites of close structural similarity and the other between κ and the logarithmic octanol−water partition coefficient. Molecular interpretation of classical enthalpy−entropy compensation is offered by the combination of van't Hoff's relationship with linear exothermodynamic relationships between thermodynamic quantities on one hand and properties of the eluite, the eluent, or the stationary phase on the other. Thus, the compensation temperature is expressed by the entha...
Sexual reproduction in the rotifer Asplanchna girodi: Effects of tocopherol and population density†

Populations containing undetectable levels of tocopherol (< 6.78–20.83 ng per g dry weight rotifer) exhibited normal sexual reproduction, indicating that this species and probably also A. brightwelli and A. sieboldi, do not require tocopherol for male fertility. Thus, the hypothesis that tocopherol is an adaptive signal for mictic-female production in these latter two species by virtue of its role in male fertility is no longer tenable. Dietary tocopherol had irregular and only slight, if any, effects on body size and shape, and it did not influence the level of mictic-female production. Mictic-female production was significantly but irregularly affected by population density, at least within the range of 0.0067 to 5 females per ml. No relationship between population density and level of mictic-female production was observed. The laboratory results are compared with available data on the occurrence of sexuality in a natural population. None of the 4,537 offspring isolated from parental females in the population density experiments were amphoteric females. Thus, at least under those conditions, this type of female must be extremely rare. A. girodi differs greatly from A. brightwelli and A. sieboldi regarding responses to tocopherol and the control of sexual reproduction.
Postprocessing of correlation for orientation estimation

We present a high-SNR approach to estimating the orienta- tion of distorted target objects, where the distortion is out-of-plane rota- tion. The presence and position of the targets are detected with a bank of distortion-invariant correlation filters. The filter set we use, known as hybrid composite filters, yields complex responses at the target loca- tions. The peak magnitude responses indicate target locations. The cor- relation phase angles, at the target locations, are linearly combined into complex signatures unique to a particular orientation. A maximum- likelihood M-ary classification algorithm is used to determine the most likely orientation from a finite number of orientations. In practice, we do not use all the hybrid filters and the ones we do use are optimally se- lected and combined for detection and discrimination. Given the target location, additional filtering can be accomplished with an inner-product operation rather than correlation. A second set of filters, optimized for angle estimation, are applied as inner products at the target locations to construct the orientation signatures. A rigorous mathematical treatment of the optimum signature detection architecture is presented and numeri- cal simulations demonstrate the capabilities of this approach. © 1997 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. (S0091-3286(97)00110-4)
Computing optimal triangulations using simulated annealing

Abstract Triangulations play an important role in approximation, CAGD, numerical analysis, and elsewhere. In this paper we are concerned with the problem of constructing triangulations which are optimal in some sense. Our aim is to show how simulated annealing can be used to search for globally optimal triangulations for a wide class of optimality criteria. We also give several examples to illustrate its performance on a variety of problems of interest in CAGD and surface fitting.
AUTOMATIC COUNTING-RATE RECORDER

Abstract A counting-rate recorder, originally designed for a cosmic-ray neutron monitor station, incorporates a scale-shifting arrangement which automatically changes the sensitivity as required in accordance with the input counting rate.
Partitioning properties and degradation kinetics of the [Nle4-DPhe7]α-MSH analog Melanotan-I (MT-I)

Abstract The objectives of this research were to determine the partitioning properties and the solution stability of the [Nle 4 -DPhe 7 ]α-MSH analog called Melanotan-I (MT-I). The apparent partition coefficients (APC) were determined in two solvent systems, i.e. octanol-buffer and isooctane-buffer in order to calculate Δ Log P.C. (partition coefficient) values. The Δ Log P.C. values at pH 2.5 and 7.4 were −0.307 and −0.409, respectively. The solution stability of MT-I was determined by accelerated stability studies at 70°, 80° and 87°C at pH 7.4 and ionic strength (μ) of 0.17. The energy of activation ( E a ) was calculated to be 15.83 kcal/mol, resulting in an estimated shelf life of 40 days at room temperature. From the pH-rate profile, MT-I was observed to be relatively stable under acidic conditions and exhibited greater degradation under basic conditions. Both ionic strength (μ = 0.15 to 1.5, at 0.05 M buffer concentration) and phosphate buffer concentration (0.1–0.5 M, μ = 1.5) at pH 7.3 and 80°C had no effect on the degradation kinetics of MT-I.
THE EFFECT OF SERVICE QUALITY AND EXPECTATIONS ON CUSTOMER COMPLAINTS

Customer complaints measure consumers' dissatisfaction with the quality of a product or service. If product quality is unobservable ex ante, customer complaints may be driven by expectations as well as by the actually experienced quality level. I test whether the level of quality that could be expected prior to consumption affects the number of customer complaints after controlling for–ex post observable–actual quality, using data from the U.S. airline industry. I find that there are fewer complaints when actual quality is higher. Controlling for actual quality, a higher level of expected quality leads to more complaints.
Variability of Low IGF-I and IGFBP-3 Levels in Predicting Growth Hormone Deficiency in Children with Brain Tumors † 497

Variability of Low IGF-I and IGFBP-3 Levels in Predicting Growth Hormone Deficiency in Children with Brain Tumors † 497
A critical test of the two prevailing theories of plant response to nutrient availability.

Whereas the ‘‘law of the minimum’’ (LM) states that plant growth is limited by a single resource at any one time, the ‘‘multiple limitation hypothesis’’ (MLH) proposes that optimum plant behavior results from balancing resource costs and benefits so that all resources limit plant growth simultaneously. We tested the hypothesis that neither the LM nor the MLH account for plant responses to all mineral nutrients. Fronds of the aquatic plant Lemna minor were grown in nutrient solutions with increasing levels of four nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium. Neither LM or MLH adequately predicted plant responses to all of these nutrients: 23 of the 60 responses analyzed were classified as belonging to the LM; 20 cases were classified as undefined; and 17 cases as MLH. The type of response strongly depended on the specific pair of nutrients considered. The validity of the MLH model would depend on the accompanying resource limiting plant growth and on the severity of the stress. We propose that a ‘‘nutrient-specific’’ analysis, considering the biology of each mineral nutrient rather than grouping plant resources as a whole, is more appropriate than general models in understanding plant responses to nutrient availability.
Trichomonas vaginalis initiator binding protein, IBP39, contains a novel DNA binding motif

This study focuses on the detailed characterization of the only transcription factor identified in the human pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis, the IBP39 protein. Here we show the nuclear localization of IBP39. In addition, we map the DNA binding domain. It resides near the N-terminus of the protein, between amino acids 45 and 71. The residues 66-70 (KMKKK) are critical for DNA binding. This is the first DNA binding domain to be mapped in the only transcription factor in this parasite to date.
Indigenization of the Holocaust and the Tehran Holocaust Conference: Iranian Aberration or Third World Trend?

It is understandable that Iran’s December 2006 hosting of an international conference casting doubts on the historicity of the Holocaust would raise questions about treatments of the Shoah elsewhere in the Third World. In fact, indigenization the Holocaust—the manifold ways in which serious scholars, activists, and writers from Asia, Africa, and Latin America have come to incorporate the Holocaust in their intellectual work—has been positive overall. Within the framework of intellectual globalization, much of the Third World intelligentsia has come to include this most Western of human rights violations within the framework of their own cultures and histories. Although some of the indigenization of the Holocaust is political and instrumental, the deviant variant expressed at the Tehran Holocaust conference is atypical. Governmental respect for the memory of victims of genocide should be considered as an emerging human right.
Oncogenic properties of human viruses.

Cancer biology today encompasses a variety of specialties ranging from epidemiology to molecular biology and chemotherapy. One of the very active areas of research is that which supports the concept of a virus etiology for at least some forms of cancer. For several years it has been generally accepted that a variety of both DNA and RNA viruses can transform animal cells in vitro and that they are transplantable and induce tumors in vivo. The virus-transformed cells exhibit changes in growth characteristics typical of cancer cells, and commonly contain virus-specific nucleic acids and antigens. Characterization of tumor viruses and virus-cell associations are being explored by virologists, biochemists, epidemiologists, geneticists, molecular biologists, and immunologists. The nature of the complex problems involved requires the participation of experts in a variety of specialties. In this communication, we present an overview of the status of DNA tumor viruses as they relate to human cancer and to transformation in general. No human C-type RNA virus has yet been identified, although there are reports of primate C-type viruses. The potentially important human papovaviruses, human adenoviruses and the Herpesvirus group, including herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, and the EpsteinBarr virus are discussed. The importance of the Herpesvirus group today as it relates to human neoplasia prompted us to emphasize this area.
A nanofluidic channel with embedded transverse nanoelectrodes

In this paper, we demonstrate fabrication and characterization of a nanofluidic channel with embedded transverse nanoelectrodes using a combination of conventional photolithography and focused ion beam technologies. Glass-capped silicon dioxide nanochannels having 20 nm depth, 50 nm width, and 2 µm length with embedded platinum nanoelectrodes were fabricated. Channel patency was verified through measurements of the resistivity in phosphate buffered saline and electrostatic action on charged fluorescent nanospheres. Platinum nanoelectrode functionality was also tested using transverse resistance measurements in nanochannels filled with air, deionized water, and saline solution.
EFFECT OF TEST ENVIRONMENT ON LIFETIME OF A VACUUM LUBRICANT

The liquid lubricant of a bearing system operating in the starved or boundary lubrication regime is subject to tribochemical degradation that can deplete the lubricant supply and cause bearing failure. This depletion or consumption of the lubricant is a function of both lubricant and substrate chemistry. It can also depend on the test environment. In this paper, the relative consumption rates of Krytox 143AC™, a popular perfluoropolyether (PFPE) vacuum lubricant, in rolling contact with 440C stainless steel are studied for test environments of ultrahigh vacuum (UHV), dry oxygen, dry nitrogen, nitrogen containing water vapor and pure water vapor. The consumption rate is expressed as the lifetime of a finite charge of lubricant in a test.Copyright © 2005 by ASME
Effect of wear-debris particles on RAW 264.7 cells

Wear-debris particles from ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and metals has been implicated in periprosthetic osteolysis and cellular response to them depend on their size and dose. Response to larger particles has been previously studied, but there are no specific studies examining biological response to simultaneous administration of both UHMWPE and Ti particles less than 0.2μm in size. Our lab has developed a standardized and reproducible technique to isolate, characterize and fractionate both particles into 3 distinct size ranges [1.0–10.0μm (micron), 0.2–1.0μm (submicron) and 0.01–0.2μm (nano)] and furthermore minimize clumping, which facilitated disaggregation and isolation of individual particles. RAW 264.7 cells were treated for 24h, 48h and 72h with various doses and sizes of both particulates simultaneously. Cell membrane damage was measured by quantifying lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. The cells elicited a dose and size dependent response to the nano-particulates at the highest dose. At 72h there was a significant increase in LDH released by cells treated with the nanoparticles as compared to untreated controls as well as to larger particles. To mimic in vivo conditions, further studies are being conducted and will involve administration of dual wear particulates that will help understand cellular response to wear particulates.
Short Communication: Milk Fat Response to Low Doses of trans-10, cis-12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA),

Abstract Trans -10, cis -12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a potent inhibitor of milk fat synthesis. We examined the effect of low doses of trans -10, cis -12 CLA using Holstein cows in a 4×4 Latin square design. Milk yield and milk protein were unaffected, but abomasal infusion of 1.25, 2.5, and 5.0g/d of trans -10, cis -12 CLA reduced milk fat yield by 7, 16, and 29%, respectively. When combined with previous data, the reduction in milk fat yield was curvilinear, relating to both quantity infused and milk fat content of trans -10, cis -12 CLA (R 2 =0.99 and 0.96, respectively). Further, changes in milk fatty acid composition indicated the mechanism involved inhibition of de novo fatty acid synthesis and the utilization of circulating fatty acids.
Increased prefrontal D2 protein in Tourette syndrome: a postmortem analysis of frontal cortex and striatum

The precise neuropathological mechanism underlying Tourette syndrome (TS) is unknown. In order to evaluate a variety of proposed dopaminergic abnormalities, postmortem tissue samples were obtained from three individuals with TS (two typical males with childhood onset, ages 29 and 77, and a 62-year-old female with adult-onset) and three age- and sex-matched controls. Samples from caudate, putamen, ventral striatum, and prefrontal cortex (Brodmann's area 9, BA9) were analyzed by semiquantitative immunoblotting for relative densities of dopamine receptors (D1, D2), transporter (DAT), monoamine terminals (vesicular monoamine transporter type 2), vesicular docking and release proteins (VAMP-2, synaptotagmin, SNAP-25, syntaxin, synaptophysin), and receptors inhibiting dopamine release (alpha 2-adrenergic receptors, α-2A). Concentrations of monoamine neurotransmitters and their metabolites were assessed by high performance liquid chromatography. Data from each TS sample was calculated as a percent value of its control. Results showed that prefrontal cortex, rather than striatum, had the greatest number of changes in the two typical TS cases, including increases for D2, DAT, VAMP-2, and α-2A. All three TS subjects had increased densities of prefrontal D2 receptor protein, greater than 140% of their matched control. These results suggest the presence of a prefrontal-dopaminergic abnormality in TS and emphasize the need for a more specific focus on the frontal lobe.
Using coin cells for ultracapacitor electrode material testing

The effects of compressive force and the addition of conductive fillers on ultracapacitor electrode performance measurements were studied. We have shown that the force exerted by typical battery coin cell components is inadequate, resulting in erroneous measurements of electrode performance. We further demonstrated that with modest modifications, coin cell measurements can equal those of specialized test fixtures and of packaged cells.
Efficient and Fair Power and Subchannel Allocation in Multiuser OFDM Networks

We present an efficient and fair scheme for allocating resources in the downlink of multiuser OFDMA cellular networks based on Nash Bargaining Solution (NBS). Although NBS provides a fair and optimum approach in order to maximize the total rate of the network, there is no simple solution for the case of K users. The proposed algorithm satisfies the minimum rate requirement of each user first and allocates the excess subchannels by searching over the K × N subchannels to noise ratio matrix based on the bargaining process happening between the base station and the users. Hence, the complexity reduces from order O(KN) to O(N × K).
Local phenomena and distribution of molecular species during the unfolding of heme-free myoglobin in the presence of GdnHCl and urea as seen by time-re

We have used time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy for following the unfolding of apomyoglobin in urea and guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl). The data have been compared with those obtained using classical techniques such as CD and steady-state emission spectroscopy. Both the average intensity of the lifetimes and the size of the librational cone of the fluorophores, as measured by time-resolved fluorescence, increased with denaturant concentration and their changes largely preceded the modifications detectable with CD and the shift of the maximum of emission spectra. The data indicate that the changes in the local environments of the tryptophans were completed when the global modification monitored by CD and the emission spectra was still minimal. This suggests that an initial event in the denaturation of apomyoglobin is localized at the tryptophan residues. The correlation times of native apomyoglobin showed the rotational diffusion characteristics of a rigid rotor. In 3.6 M GdnHCl and 7.5 M urea, where the secondary structure is practically absent, the correlation times of the two systems became very short, as expected from the motion of a flexible polymer. In GdnHCl, under conditions of partial unfolding, it was not possible to detect the presence of native totally folded molecular species.
Waveguide ellipsometry biosensors: concept and preliminary analysis

The recent use of fiber optic waveguides for biochemical analyses is mainly based on light intensity changes. Waveguide ellipsometry sensors (WEFE) are proposed for biosensor applications. The WEFE is based on the principle of ellipsometry. A laser beam propagates in the waveguide with two fundamental modes: transverse electric field, parallel to and perpendicular to the sensing surface. The evanescent waves interact with the absorbed or conjugated layer of biomolecules, producing changes in the relative phase, (Delta) , and amplitude, (Psi) , upon interaction. The ellipsometric parameters change with biomolecule adsorption or conjugation on the sensing surface. From the ellipsometric parameter changes, the surface concentration, and thus the solution concentration, of the biomolecules can be estimated. Expected advantages of the WEFE are: (1) the WEFE measurement is independent of light intensity; (2) the WEFE measurement is independent of the waveguide coupler quality; (3) (Delta) is very sensitive to the thickness of the adsorbed layer, the WEFE is much more sensitive than sensors based on intensity; (4) optic fibers are commercialized, the WEFE will be easy to fabricate and use commercially. In this paper -- a comparison of WEFE within other biosensors -- the principle of WEFE including light propagation in waveguide and ellipsometry parameter analysis, the WEFE arrangement and instrumentation, and preliminary experimental results are given.© (1992) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Portal interventions in liver transplant recipients

Portal vein interventions in liver transplant recipients represent a group of interventions in the management of several disease entities including portal vein stenosis, portal vein thrombosis, and recurrent liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension with and without gastric varices. The procedures performed in these patient populations include portal vein angioplasty with or without stent placement for portal vein stenosis, portal vein thrombolysis with or without stent placement for portal vein thrombosis, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts or splenic embolization for cirrhosis, and balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration for gastric varices. This article discusses these disease entities and the minimal invasive procedures used in their management.
Inhibition of aromatase cytochrome P-450 (estrogen synthetase) by derivatives of α-naphthoflavone☆

alpha-Naphthoflavone (ANF; 7,8-benzoflavone) is a potent competitive inhibitor of human aromatase cytochrome P-450 [J. T. Kellis, Jr. and L. E. Vickery, Science 225, 1032 (1984)]. We have further investigated inhibition of aromatase by several derivatives of ANF. Using human placental microsomes and 40 nM androstenedione as substrate, the compounds tested and their I50 values were: ANF, 0.07 microM; 2-(2-naphthyl)-4H-naphtho[1,2b]pyran-4-one, 1.0 microM; 7,8-benzoisoflavone, approximately 100 microM; and 2-phenyl-4H-naphtho[1,2b]furan, greater than 100 microM. These findings show the necessity of the keto group of ANF in its binding to the enzyme and the importance of size and position of substitution of the exocyclic phenyl ring. Derivatives of ANF with hydroxyl substitution at positions 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 were also screened. 9-Hydroxy-ANF, a known metabolite of ANF in liver microsomes, was the most effective (I50 = 20 nM). Inhibition by 9-hydroxy-ANF was competitive, and its Ki value of 5 nM indicates a higher affinity for the enzyme than the natural steroid substrates--the Km values for androstenedione and testosterone under these conditions are 10 and 80 nM respectively. 9-Hydroxy-ANF also induced a change in the absorption spectrum of hte aromatase cytochrome P-450 indicative of substrate displacement. Based on these data we propose a model for the binding of 9-hydroxy-ANF in which the 7,8-benzochromone ring system of the ANF derivatives occupies the steroid ring binding site of the enzyme.
Enzymatic synthesis of isotopically labeled isoprenoid diphosphates.

Abstract Recombinant yeast isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) isomerase and avian farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) synthase from overproducing strains of Escherichia coli were used to synthesize FPP from IPP and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). [2,4,5- 13 C 3 ]IPP and [2,4,5- 13 C 3 ]DMAPP were synthesized from ethyl [2- 13 C]bromoacetate and [1,3- 13 C 2 ]acetone. These compounds were used as substrates for enzymatic synthesis of FPP selectively labeled at the first or third isoprene residue or at all three.
The responses of peripheral blood and synovial fluid lymphocytes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis to in vitro stimulation with mitogens.

Abstract Synovial fluid lymphocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis are significantly less reactive than peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from the same patient in in vitro assays of cellular immune function including 3 HTdR incorporation and lymphotoxin production in response to stimulation with phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin A, and pokeweed mitogen. The decreased reactivity could not be attributed to assay systems, in that changing the number of lymphocytes or concentration of mitogen does not affect results. The hyporesponsiveness did not seem to be due to “suppressor” factors or cells present in the synovial fluids. The data suggest that the lymphocytes isolated from synovial fluid are a precommitted “activated” population.
Identity-linked perceptions of the police among African American juvenile offenders: a developmental perspective.

Ethnic identity development can play a role in youths’ perceptions and attitudes concerning police, but this process has not been explored in delinquent samples. In this article, we examine how youths’ perceptions of police legitimacy and levels of legal cynicism are related to processes of ethnic identity development. Participants were 561 black youth ages 14–18 (12% female) who were adjudicated of a felony or serious misdemeanor. Data were taken from semi-annual interviews conducted over 3 years. Increased ethnic identity exploration was related to positive perceptions of police legitimacy and lower legal cynicism. Higher ethnic identity affirmation predicted higher perceived legitimacy over time, but affirmation was not related to legal cynicism after accounting for psychosocial maturity. This study provides evidence that ethnic identity development operates similarly among high risk youth as in non-delinquent samples, and that it is connected to beliefs that can have implications for juvenile offenders’ future compliance with the law.
Morphological responses of a stream fish to water impoundment

Water impoundment imposes fundamental changes on natural landscapes by transforming rivers into reservoirs. The dramatic shift in physical conditions accompanying the loss of flow creates novel ecological and evolutionary challenges for native species. In this study, we compared the body shape of Cyprinella venusta collected from eight pairs of river and reservoir sites across the Mobile River Basin (USA). Geometric morphometric analysis of the body shape showed that river populations differ from reservoir populations. Individuals inhabiting reservoirs are deep-bodied and have a smaller head, a more anterior dorsal fin, a shorter dorsal fin base and a more ventral position of the eye than C. venusta in streams. The direction of shape divergence within reservoir–river pairs was consistent among pairs of sites, and the shape of C. venusta in reservoirs is strongly correlated with reservoir size. These findings show that physical characteristics of reservoirs drive changes in the morphological attributes of native fish populations, indicating that water impoundment may be an important, yet largely unrecognized, evolutionary driver acting on aquatic biodiversity.
AN AB INITIO STUDY OF ISOMERIZATION IN THE CIS-THIONYLIMIDE, HNSO-CIS-THIAZYL S-HYDROXIDE, HOSN SYSTEM

Abstract The relative stabilities of HOSN and HNSO as studied as a function of basis using ab initio restricted Hartree-Fock-SCF molecular orbital methods. The relative energies are shown to be very sensitive to the choice of basis set employed. The imide is shown to be the most stable form for the system for all basis sets of quality 3-21G* or better.
Organizational Mindfulness in Business Schools

Business schools, like many organizations, exist in increasingly turbulent environments, making them vulnerable to unexpected events. Making mistakes in such environments is less likely when organi...
Key mediators in the immunopathogenesis of allergic asthma

Asthma is described as a chronic inflammatory disorder of the conducting airways. It is characterized by reversible airway obstruction, eosinophil and Th2 infiltration, airway hyper-responsiveness and airway remodeling. Our findings to date have largely been dependent on work done using animal models, which have been instrumental in broadening our understanding of the mechanism of the disease. However, using animals to model a uniquely human disease is not without its drawbacks. This review aims to examine some of the key mediators and cells of allergic asthma learned from animal models and shed some light on emerging mediators in the pathogenesis allergic airway inflammation in acute and chronic asthma.
Energy Use in Institutional Buildings: Estimates From State Energy-Audit Surveys

This article examines the determinants of energy demand for nearly 9,000 institutional buildings in the United States. The data were collected, as part of the federal Institutional Conservation Program, by state energy offices using mail surveys. The article presents energy demand estimates adjusted for differences in state surveys as well as for nonresponse bias, as functions of energy prices, building characteristics, and fuel-type variables for approximations of the installed heating ventilation and air-conditioning equipment. Energy price elasticities are found to vary from −.28 for schools to −1.05 for hospitals.
Influence of tannin extracts on the corrosion resistance of 20 steel in tap water and in 5% HCl

We study the influence of tannin extracts obtained from natural raw materials on the corrosion resistance of 20 steel.
The electron exchange reaction between U(VI) and Sn(II) in various hydrochloric acid aqueous solutions

Abstract The electron exchange reaction between U(VI) and Sn(II) was studied in various concentrations of hydrochloric acid ranging from 1·0 to 6·0 molar in water solutions. The reaction was second order overall at all HCl concentrations. The rate of the reaction and the Arrhenius parameters were found to be periodic functions of the hydrogen ion concentration. Salt effect studies showed catalysis of the reaction by iron(III) and copper (II). The catalyses indicate one electron step reductions of the U(VI).
A PABX model using the 6800 MPU

Abstract The advent of MICROPROCESSORS and specialised Integrated circuits is changing the design of various systems. PABXs are undergoing this same technological mutation. This paper presents some technical solutions which have been implemented into a 4 extension/1 trunk demonstration model. The MC6800 microprocessor family is used to control all the signalling functions of the line interfaces, and to process the setting up of a speech path through the switching network. A space division multiplexed matrix based on the MC3416 crosspoint switch array I/C establishes the connections between the extensions and the trunk line.
Reproduction and development of Sebastes in the context of the evolution of piscine viviparity

Selected aspects of the reproduction and development ofSebastes and other rockfishes are reviewed in the context of piscine viviparity. Among the eight subfamilies of the Scorpaenidae, viviparity is confined to the subfamily Sebastinae; gestation is lumenal and the embryos usually develop to term within the egg envelope. Transitional states from oviparity to viviparity are evident in different species within the family. A scenario for the evolutionary origin of viviparity in rockfishes is derived from an analysis of scorpaeniform reproductive biology. Although viviparity is best developed in the genusSebastes, it is still in a primitive, unspecialized state. Rockfish viviparity is essentially lecithotrophic, i.e. embryonic nutrition is dependent on the energy reserves laid down during oogenesis. In other groups of viviparous fishes, lecithotrophy has been shown to be better suited energetically to seasonally unpredictable habitats, whereas matrotrophy requires a predictable food supply. During the evolution of an essentially primitive form of lecithotrophic viviparity in rockfishes, the advantages of high fecundity associated with oviparity were retained while an enormous increase in the survival rate of the developing embryos was acquired. The basic lecithotrophic pattern of oviparous development was not changed since it offered selective advantages both in terms of energetics and as a basis for retaining a large brood size.
Implementing information and communication technologies (ICT) in public organizations: the mediating effects of organization routineness and centralization on ICT and managerial outcomes

The adoption of information and communication technologies (ICT) in public organizations promises to better connect managers with citizens, increase public participation in government decision making, improve the efficiency of service delivery, decrease uncertainty, and improve information dissemination. While each of these outcomes is important for both public managers and citizens, we know little about how organizational culture mediates the effectiveness of ICTs on producing these outcomes. This research, using data from two points in time, investigates the relationships between ICTs and managerial outcomes (e.g. improved decision making, public participation, and democratic governance) and how they are mediated by organizational culture such as centralization and routineness. Technology variables include technology use and capacity. Models will control for other organizational and technological factors such as size, structure, task and department to investigate the mediating effects of organizational culture on ICT outcomes for local governments. The data come from two national surveys of 2,500 local government managers in the United States in 2010 and 2012. The results are important for understanding the how organizational mechanisms, in particular organization culture, mobilize ICTs in ways that affect managerial outcomes.