cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Transforming Growth Factor-β Type II Receptor Expression in Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells by Vitamin D3and Its Analogues *

In view of the tumor suppressor role of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGFbeta) type II receptor (RII), the identification and characterization of agents that can induce the expression of this receptor are of potential importance to the development of chemoprevention approaches as well as treatment of cancer. To date, the identification of exogenous agents that control RII expression has been rare. We demonstrated that proliferation of MCF-7 early passage cells (MCF-7 E), which express RII and are sensitive to TGFbeta growth inhibition activity, was significantly inhibited by vitamin D3 and its analogue EB1089. In contrast, proliferation of MCF-7 late passage cells (MCF-7 L), which have lost cell surface RII and are resistant to TGFbeta, was not affected by these two compounds. TGFbeta-neutralizing antibody was able to block the inhibitory effect on MCF-7 E cells by these compounds, indicating that treatment induced autocrine-negative TGFbeta activity. An RNase protection assay showed approximately a 3-fold induction of the RII mRNA, while a receptor cross-linking assay revealed a 3-4-fold induction of the RII protein. In contrast, there was no change in either RII mRNA or protein in the MCF-7 L cells.
Blastomere Analysis: Issues for Discussion

There has been little professional discussion about the implications of blastomere analysis for genetic screening. In this article, some of the legal, ethical, and practical issues associated with the technology are identified. Issues are categorized as those involving availability and payment, phenotype selection, and imperfect genes. Nurses need to be knowledgeable about these issues to participate in the formation of policies governing the use of blastomere analysis and other genetic screening procedures.
Bovine notochord origin and development.

Serial sections of 60 bovine embryos (23 timed specimens) from 17 through 34 days gestation were examined to determine the processes and sequence of notochord development. Head notochord formed during days 18 through 21 as the ventral-most layer of cells from Hensen's node became intercalated as the notochordal plate between the endodermal cells of the primitive open gut. The notochordal plate responded to contact by the neural plate during day 20 with hypertrophy of notochordal cells and a ventral curving of the notochordal plate margins to form the notochordal ridge which appeared as a dorsal evagination of the gut, but was not endodermal. Formation of the head notochord into a rod (without a notochordal canal or pit) occurred during days 20 and 21 reuniting the endodermal layer ventral to the notochord. Body notochord formed during days 21 through 32–33 caudad from the level of somite pair 6 by accumulation of notochordal cells from Hensen's node directly into a rod surrounded by a basal lamina without contact or penetration of the gut endoderm. Bovine notochord was, thus, formed by two methods. After formation by both methods, the notochord enlarged by proliferation of its own cells. Dorso-ventral undulations of the notochord became distinct by the 27th day. The processes involved in bovine notochord development were different from descriptions published concerning other species in that 1. two methods of formation were found, and 2. notochordal plate formation preceded notochordal ridge production rather than vice versa.
Comparative metabolism of calcium and strontium in the rat.

Abstract This is a report on the comparative metabolism of calcium and strontium in the rat. Animals were injected intraperitoneally, under varying conditions, with solutions containing Sr89 and Ca45. The appearance of these isotopes, with the passage of time, was observed in the tibia, dentin, plasma, and urine by periodic sacrifice from experimental groups. After 10 days of daily injection, the bone and dentin of the rats contained 30% more Ca45 than Sr89. Time sequence retention studies also showed that the Sr89:Ca45 ratio of the plasma remained near unity during the experiments, while the urine ratio continuously fell with the passage of time. Examination of the feces 24 hr. after injection revealed a reduced ratio as in the case of urine. Ultrafiltration experiments showed that bound Ca45 and Sr89 in the plasma were essentially the same 1 hr. and 12 hr. after injection. Thus, the continuous drop in ratio in urine could not be explained by preferential binding of Ca45 in the plasma. Synthetic hydroxyapatite samples tagged with Sr89 and Ca45 exhibited a preferential loss of Sr89 when the samples were shaken with calcium acetate solution. The apatites were prepared by (a) hydrolysis of CaHPO4 and (b) direct precipitation from solution. The differences between these preparations are discussed. The discrimination of the animal against Ca45 in the urine and feces is probably regulated on the bone level as well as by the kidney and gut function.
Reaction of p-nitrophenyl trimethylacetate with yeast carboxypeptidase. Evidence for an acyl-enzyme intermediate

Abstract The kinetics of the hydrolysis of p -nitrophenyl trimethylacetate catalyzed by yeast carboxypeptidase have been measured under conditions of substrate in excess and indicate that the release of p -nitrophenol in two discrete stages can be observed. A fast release of p -nitrophenol in a concentration approximating that of the enzyme is seen initially, followed by a slow release, corresponding to the “turnover” reaction of the ester. These observations provide strong support for the postulation of a three step reaction sequence including the formation and decomposition of not only a Michaelis complex but also an acyl-enzyme species.
Mechanistic Study of Oxy Insertion into Nickel-Carbon Bonds with Nitrous Oxide

Transition-metal-mediated oxy insertion into metal–carbon bonds is useful for the development of catalytic cycles for selective hydrocarbon oxidation. However, there are few bona fide examples of net oxy insertion with transition-metal complexes. An extremely rare example of a 3d metal mediating oxy insertion into metal–carbon bonds is a series of NiII alkyl complexes reacting with nitrous oxide (N2O) reported by Hillhouse and co-workers; however, the mechanism was never fully elucidated. A computational study has been performed on bipyridyl nickel metallacycles that form nickel alkoxides upon reaction with N2O to attain insight into future catalyst design for oxygen atom transfer reactions. Two possible mechanisms are explored. Of the two pathways, the computations suggest that the preferred mechanism proceeds through a Ni–oxyl intermediate followed by alkyl migration of the nickel–carbon bond to form an alkoxide. Oxyl formation was found to be the rate-determining step, with a free energy barrier of 29....
The measurement of human motion: A comparison of commercially available systems

Field tests were conducted to assess the clinical performance characteristics of seven optical-based and one electromagnetic-based biomechanical measurement system. A device placed in the center of the calibrated volume enabled the analysis of four optical system properties: (1) the ability to measure the distance between two constantly visible markers rotating in the volume, (2) the ability to measure motion associated with a static marker, (3) the ability to reconstruct position-time histories of markers that were visible to alternating sets of two or three cameras, and (4) the ability to measure the motion of a marker that moved in close proximity to a second marker. Results indicated that five of the seven optical systems produced less than 2.0 mm RMS errors when measuring fully visible moving markers, and typically less that 1.0 mm RMS error when measuring the stationary marker. All passive optical systems confused marker identifications when markers moved within 2 mm of each other in a 3 m long volume. The electromagnetic device was tested by mounting two sensors at a fixed distance and orientation, and measuring their variability as they moved in various patterns within a pre-defined volume. The electromagnetic system produced real-time results, but was clearly susceptible to repeatable interference from metal in the volume.
Modification of cytosine nucleotides: preparation and metalation of a furyl derivative

Abstract O-Furfurylhydroxylamine (FHA) was synthesized and found to react with cytosine derivatives in the presence of sodium bisulfite. Conversion of cytidine to sodiumN4-furfuryloxy-5,6-dihydrocytidine-6-sulfonate by 1 M FHA in aqueous methanolic or ethanolic sodium bisulfite took place with a half-life of 11 min at pH 5 and room temperature. Adenine, guanine, thymine, and uracil derivatives did not react with FHA. The reaction of OsO4/pyridine with a model compound.N6-furfuryadenine (kinetin), resulted in addition of the OsO4 to the furyl group. Calf-thymus DNA and polycytidylic acid were treated with FHA and bisulfite under denaturing conditions. Perchloric acid hydrolysis of the DNA showed that 80% of the cytosines were modified after 1 day. Modification of the cytosine nucleotides in the nucleic acids was followed by treatment with mercuric acetate or osmium tetroxide. The resulting polymers contained three mercury atoms or two osmium atoms per cytosine nucleotide. The potential usefulness of these reactions for electron microscopic studies of nucleic acids is discussed.
Making Management Decisions: the Role of Intuition and Emotion

The work of a manager includes making decisions (or participating in their making), communicating them to others, and monitoring how they are carried out. Managers must know a great deal about the industry and social environment in which they work and the decision-making process itself to make decisions well. Over the past 40 years, the technique of decision making has been greatly advanced by the development of a wide range of tools-in particular, the tools of operations research and management science, and the technology of expert systems. But these advances have not applied to the entire domain of decision making. They have had their greatest impact on decision making that is well-structured, deliberative, and quantitative; they have had less impact on decision making that is loosely structured, intuitive, and qualitative; and they have had the least impact on face-to-face interactions between a manager and his or her coworkers-the give and take of everyday work. In this article, I will discuss these two relatively neglected types of decision making: "intuitive" decision making and decision making that involves interpersonal interaction. What, if anything, do we know about how judgmental and intuitive processes work and how they can be made to work better? And why do managers often fail to do what they know they should do-even what they have decided to do? What can be done to bring action into closer accord with intention? My article will therefore have the form of a diptych, with one half devoted to each of these topics. First, I will discuss judgmental and intuitive decision making; then I will turn to the subject of the manager's behavior and the influence of emotions on that behavior. Sometimes the term rational (or logical) is applied to decision making that is consciously analytic, the term nonrational to decision making that is intuitive and judgmental, and the term irrational to decision making and behavior that responds to the emotions or that deviates from action chosen "rationally." We will be concerned, then, with the nonrational and the irrational components of managerial decision making and behavior. Our task, you might say, is to discover the reason that underlies unreason. Intuition and Judgment
Using single-subject design in clinical decision making: the effects of tilt-in-space on head control for a child with cerebral palsy.

Single-subject design methodology is a research technique useful in demonstrating the effects of treatment. The technique is described here using the effects of tilt-in-space on the ability to maintain head control. The subject is a 9-year-old child with cerebral palsy. The tilt-in-space angles used are 0 degrees , 15 degrees , and 30 degrees . Data are collected for the three different tilt angles in 10 sessions using an alternating rapid treatment design. Visual analysis of the results indicate that the subject displays greater head control when the wheelchair is placed at 15 degrees or 30 degrees tilt rather than at 0 degrees . This study shows how clinicians can complete single-subject studies to support recommendations for their clients and document the effects of their treatments.
Diagnosis and postoperative evaluation of supravalvular aortic stenosis by magnetic resonance imaging

Abstract Electrocardiogram-gated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a new noninvasive technique that has been used to evaluate many forms of congenital heart disease.1 In this report, the pre- and postoperative cardiac MRI findings in a patient with severe supravalvular ortic stenosis are presented and correlated with angiographic studies.
Workplace Bullying: An Integrative Literature Review:

Workplace bullying is a phenomenon that appears widely in research literature in a variety of disciplines. The review found that a concise definition for workplace bullying was not available in the...
A Short Note On the "Apocryphon Johannis"

In the Apocryphon Johannis as it appears in both the Papyrus Berolinensis 8502 (Till, 1955) and Codex II of the Library at Chenoboskion (Krause and Labib, 1962) we read of an encounter at the temple between the apostle John and the Pharisee Arimanios (A.manias=Pap. Berol.). In this encounter Arimanios accuses Jesus of having deceived [nAavdv] John and his compatriots (the text has /qtwriM) with deception [nAadvr]. After a short break in the text the Pharisee continues, [ayw] a KTC THyTR ?/BOA 2N]Jinapa OCiC NNT6i7f1or07J6 "And he has turned you from the traditions [naQabioag] of your fathers". An interesting parallel to this allegation may be found in the Acts of Philip (Lipsius, Acta Apostolorum Apocrypha II. 2, 1903). Ananias, the high-priest of the Jews at Jerusalem, has come to Athens in response to a letter from the "philosophers of Greece" who are at a loss as to how to handle the apostle Philip. At Philip's lodging, when blinded by the apostle, Ananias asks him if he thinks to turn them from the traditions of their fathers to follow the
A Wild Sheep Chase

His life was like his recurring nightmare: a train to nowhere. But an ordinary life has a way of taking an extraordinary turn. Add a girl whose ears are so exquisite that, when uncovered, they improve sex a thousand-fold, a runaway friend, a right-wing politico, an ovine-obsessed professor and a manic-depressive in a sheep outfit, implicate them in a hunt for a sheep, that may or may not be running the world, and the upshot is another singular masterpiece from Japan's finest novelist.
Simultaneous oxidation of arsenic and antimony at low and circumneutral pH, with and without microbial catalysis

Abstract Arsenic and Sb are common mine-water pollutants and their toxicity and fate are strongly influenced by redox processes. In this study, simultaneous Fe(II), As(III) and Sb(III) oxidation experiments were conducted to obtain rates under laboratory conditions similar to those found in the field for mine waters of both low and circumneutral pH. Additional experiments were performed under abiotic sterile conditions to determine the biotic and abiotic contributions to the oxidation processes. The results showed that under abiotic conditions in aerated Fe(III)–H2SO4 solutions, Sb(III) oxidizes slightly faster than As(III). The oxidation rates of both elements were accelerated by increasing As(III), Sb(III), Fe(III), and Cl− concentrations in the presence of light. For unfiltered circumneutral water from the Giant Mine (Yellowknife, NWT, Canada), As(III) oxidized at 15–78 μmol/L/h whereas Sb(III) oxidized at 0.03–0.05 μmol/L/h during microbial exponential growth. In contrast, As(III) and Sb(III) oxidation rates of 0.01–0.03 and 0.01–0.02 μmol/L/h, respectively, were obtained in experiments performed with acid unfiltered mine waters from the Iberian Pyritic Belt (SW Spain). These results suggest that the Fe(III) formed from microbial oxidation abiotically oxidized As(III) and Sb(III). After sterile filtration of both mine water samples, neither As(III), Sb(III), nor Fe(II) oxidation was observed. Hence, under the experimental conditions, bacteria were catalyzing As and Sb oxidation in the Giant Mine waters and Fe oxidation in the acid waters of the Iberian Pyrite Belt.
Characterization of the zebrafish tbx16 gene and evolution of the vertebrate T-box family

We report on a new zebrafish T-box-containing gene, tbx16. It encodes a message that is first detected throughout the blastoderm soon after the initiation of zygotic gene expression. Following gastrulation, expression becomes restricted to paraxial mesoderm and later primarily to the developing tail bud. To gain an evolutionary prospective on the potential function of this gene, we have analyzed its phylogenetic relationships to known T-box genes from other species. Zebrafish tbx16 is likely orthologous to the chicken Tbx6L and Xenopus Xombi/Antipodean/Brat/VegT genes. Our analysis also shows that zebrafish tbx6 and mouse Tbx6 genes are paralogous to zebrafish tbx16. We present evidence which argues, that despite the same name and similar expression, zebrafish tbx6 and mouse Tbx6 genes are not orthologous to each other but instead represent relatively distant paralogs. The expression patterns of all genes are discussed in the light of their evolutionary relationships.
Multiple access SAW sensors using orthogonal frequency coding

Orthogonal frequency coding (OFC) provides a novel method of coding SAW sensors for use in multi-sensor environments. The OFC approach is general and should be applicable to physical, chemical, and biological measurands. OFC sensors offer increased range due to enhanced processing gain and reduced power spectral density. In addition, a reduction in compressed pulse time ambiguity results in increased sensitivity when compared with single frequency signals of similar duration. Successful implementation of an OFC SAW sensor system requires optimization of parameters related to sensitivity and range for the measurand and environment of interest. Several device embodiments are shown, and a discussion of design parameters such as SAW coupling, strip reflectivity, attenuation, and temperature coefficient, and optimal materials for various applications are given. Experimental sensor data are shown and compared with coupling-of-modes (COM) model predictions
On the road toward electronic biosensors

Summary form only received as follows: Recent advances in nanofabrication technology have allowed for access to length scales in the sub-20 nm regime. Since such length scales are compatible with many biological systems, including DNA and proteins, it is now possible to consider the integration of nanofabrication technology with molecular biology. Using electron-beam lithography and advanced resist technology, the author has fabricated electronic sensors on silicon that can detect and manipulate single biomolecules, i.e. DNA and proteins. Specifically, the author's sensors consist of arrays of platinum nano-electrodes which form channels, 10 nm wide and several microns long, When individually voltage-biased, the nanoelectrodes can manipulate single molecules of DNA within a confined geometry. Via capacitance measurements, the nanoelectrodes can detect the presence of single molecules and ascertain their length by time-of-flight measurements. The electronic sensors the author has fabricated are first-generation. That they can already detect and manipulate single biomolecules-all on silicon-suggest that future devices will be truly hybrid in nature, serving many functions on both the molecular biology and electronic level.
ROTATION AND ENTROPY

For a given map f : X -* X and an observable o : X -llkd, rotation vectors are the limits of ergodic averages of W. We study which part of the topological entropy of f is associated to a given rotation vector and which part is associated with many rotation vectors. According to this distinction, we introduce directional and lost entropies. We discuss their properties in the general case and analyze them more closely for subshifts of finite type and circle maps.
Robust 3-D Modeling of Vasculature Imagery Using Superellipsoids

This paper presents methods to model complex vasculature in three-dimensional (3-D) images using cylindroidal superellipsoids, along with robust estimation and detection algorithms for automated image analysis. This model offers an explicit, low-order parameterization, enabling joint estimation of boundary, centerlines, and local pose. It provides a geometric framework for directed vessel traversal, and extraction of topological information like branch point locations and connectivity. M-estimators provide robust region-based statistics that are used to drive the superellipsoid toward a vessel boundary. A robust likelihood ratio test is used to differentiate between noise, artifacts, and other complex unmodeled structures, thereby verifying the model estimate. The proposed methodology behaves well across scale-space, shows a high degree of insensitivity to adjacent structures and implicitly handles branching. When evaluated on synthetic imagery mimicking specific structural complexities in tumor microvasculature, it consistently produces ubvoxel accuracy estimates of centerlines and widths in the presence of closely-adjacent vessels, branch points, and noise. An edit-based validation demonstrated a precision level of 96.6% at a recall level of 95.4%. Overall, it is robust enough for large-scale application
A fast source separation algorithm for hyperspectral image processing

This paper describes a new algorithm for feature extraction in hyperspectral images based on independent component analysis (ICA). The improvement introduced aims at reducing the computation times without decreasing the accuracy. Instead of using the entire image, we perform ICA processing on a subset of representative pixel vectors obtained through spectral screening. Spectral screening is a technique that measures the similarity between pixel vectors by calculating the angle between them. In multispectral/hyperspectral imagery, the independent components can be associated with features present in the image. ICA projects them in different image frames. The features are separated using an algorithm involving gradient descent minimization of the mutual information between frames. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm (SSICA) has been tested by performing target detection on data from the Hyperspectral Digital Imagery Collection Experiment (HYDICE). Small targets present in the image are separated from the background in different frames and the information pertaining to them is concentrated in these frames. Further selection using kurtosis, skewness and histogram thresholding lead to automated detection of the targets allowing a quantitative assessment of the results. When compared with a target detection ICA algorithm previously introduced by the authors, SSICA achieves similar accuracy, and, at the same time, considerable speedup is obtained.
Performance quality improvement projects in musculoskeletal radiology.

INTRODUCTION Musculoskeletal (MSK) imaging is the oldest application of radiology and the central part of many radiology departments’ focus on radiography. Today, MSK radiology has evolved to incorporate multiple modalities, including CT, ultrasound, MRI, and image-guided procedures. Quality improvement projects in MSK radiology can help address the variability of practice and the complexity of this environment. Variability in ordering can lead to the overutilization or underutilization of imaging. Variability in reporting can lead to miscommunication of important findings, with potential medical and legal consequences. Variability in protocoling of imaging examinations can lead to an ineffective scanning environment, with a loss of diagnostic utility or need for repeat imaging. This article provides radiologists who work in MSK radiology environments with suggestions for potential quality improvement projects.
Flying under the radar: figurative language impairments in focal lesion patients

Despite the prevalent and natural use of metaphor in everyday language, the neural basis of this powerful communication device remains poorly understood. Early studies of brain-injured patients suggested the right hemisphere plays a critical role in metaphor comprehension, but more recent patient and neuroimaging studies do not consistently support this hypothesis. One explanation for this discrepancy is the challenge in designing optimal tasks for brain-injured populations. As traditional aphasia assessments do not assess figurative language comprehension, we designed a new metaphor comprehension task to consider whether impaired metaphor processing is missed by standard clinical assessments. Stimuli consisted of 60 pairs of moderately familiar metaphors and closely matched literal sentences. Sentences were presented visually in a randomized order, followed by four adjective-noun answer choices (target + three foil types). Participants were instructed to select the phrase that best matched the meaning of the sentence. We report the performance of three focal lesion patients and a group of 12 healthy, older controls. Controls performed near ceiling in both conditions, with slightly more accurate performance on literal than metaphoric sentences. While the Western Aphasia Battery (Kertesz, 1982) and the Objects and Actions Naming Battery (Druks, 1992) indicated minimal to no language difficulty, our metaphor comprehension task indicated three different profiles of metaphor comprehension impairment in the patients’ performance. Single case statistics revealed comparable impairment on metaphoric and literal sentences, disproportionately greater impairment on metaphors than literal sentences, and selective impairment on metaphors. We conclude our task reveals that patients can have selective metaphor comprehension deficits. These deficits are not captured by traditional neuropsychological language assessments, suggesting overlooked communication difficulties.
Genome-wide scan for adult onset primary open angle glaucoma

Adult onset primary open angle glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness throughout the world. The disease results in an apoptotic death of retinal ganglion cells that is usually associated with an elevation of intraocular pressure. Familial aggregation of the disorder provides evidence for strong genetic influences that are likely to be the result of multiple susceptibility genes. A two-stage genome scan to identify the genomic locations of glaucoma susceptibility genes was performed using an initial pedigree set of 113 affected sibpairs and a second pedigree set of 69 affected sibpairs. Linkage analysis was performed using both model-dependent (lod score) and model-independent affected relative pair and sibpair methods. Twenty-five regions identified by the initial scan were further investigated using the second pedigree set. In the combined data analysis, regions located on chromosomes 2, 6, 9, 11, 14, 17 and 19 continued to produce model-dependent lod scores and/or an MLS >1.0, while five regions (2, 14, 17p, 17q and 19) produced an MLS >2. 0. Multipoint analysis using ASPEX also showed significant results on chromosomes 2, 14, 17p, 17q and 19. These results are an important step towards the identification of genes responsible for the genetic susceptibility to this blinding condition.
Random oracles separate PSPACE from the polynomial-time hierarchy

Abstract By confirming a conjecture of First, Saxe, and Sipser (1981) on the size of constant-depth parity circuits, Yao (1985) has completed the proof that PSPACE is separated from the polynomial-time hierarchy by some oracle. Cai (1986) modified Yao's complex argument to prove that this separation occurs relative to almost every oracle. We prove that this result actually follows immeadiately from Yao's theorem, using a simple construction of Ajtai and Ben-Or (1984) to eliminate randomization in bounded-depth Boolean circuits.
Evidence for proteolytic cleavage of the baculovirus occlusion-derived virion envelope protein P74.

Baculovirus occlusion-derived virions (ODVs) are released from occlusion bodies by the alkaline environment of the insect midgut. The ODV envelope protein P74 is required for oral infectivity. A soluble form of the Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus P74 protein, P74sol, was engineered as part of a chimeric protein with jellyfish green fluorescent protein (GFP). P74sol–GFP was overproduced by the baculovirus expression system and purified away from the wild-type P74. Brush border membrane vesicles (BBMVs) were prepared from the midguts of third-instar Helicoverpa zea larvae. When P74sol–GFP was incubated under alkaline conditions with BBMVs, a P74sol–GFP product with a smaller molecular mass was produced. Immunoblots indicated that the smaller product was generated by N-terminal cleavage of P74. This cleavage was prevented by soybean trypsin inhibitor. Analysis of the peptide sequences of P74 homologues identified a conserved trypsin cleavage site that could generate the observed P74sol–GFP BBMV-specific cleavage product.
Reflections on the evolution of the field

This paper offers the author's personal reflections on the past 50 years of research in engineering management. I suggest that the most important development in this field has been the continuing broadening of the relevant bodies of knowledge and the increased attention paid by scholars in the pertinent social science and systems disciplines to issues involving technology and its management. The paper concludes with a brief speculation on the future of the field.
A 19.1dBm segmented power-mixer based multi-Gbps mm-Wave transmitter in 32nm SOI CMOS

A high-power, fully-integrated, mm-wave power mixer based transmitter capable of generating highspeed, complex non-constant envelope modulations is implemented in a 32nm SOI CMOS process. Segmented power generation approach is shown to be suitable for direct digital modulation as well as efficiency improvement at back-off power levels. The transmitter has a peak output power of 19.1dBm at 51GHz with a drain efficiency of 14.2% and a peak PAE of 10.1%. Measurements results show high-speed modulations for BPSK, QPSK, ASK, m-ASK and 16-QAM. Reliability of the transmitter has also been verified against worst case segmentation at 30% higher supply voltage.
A novel method for DEAE-dextran mediated transfection of adherent primary cultured human macrophages

Primary cultured human macrophages are difficult to transfect. We have developed a DEAE-dextran DNA transfection method that mediates the reproducible transfection of primary cultured adherent human macrophages. Three factors essential for successful transfection were identified: DEAE-dextran concentration, the quantity of DNA per transfection and the incubation time of the macrophages with the transfection medium. Maximum levels of luciferase expression were attained within 24 h and maintained for at least 56 h after transfection. While serum in the transfection medium attenuated transfection, the treatment of the macrophages with chloroquine, DMSO, or glycerol did not enhance transfection within this system. A CMV enhancer/promoter mediated substantially greater luciferase expression in the macrophages than either HIV or RSV LTRs. DEAE-dextran facilitated superior transfection compared to either cationic liposome and calcium phosphate methods, and was more practical compared to electroporation for multiple transfections. This transfection protocol provides a simple, inexpensive, reproducible method for the evaluation of gene expression in primary cultured adherent human macrophages.
Phenylthio radical mediated synthesis of substituted 3-vinylcyclohexanones. Interruption of the ring-opening polymerization of 1,3-dioxolan-4-yl radicals.

Abstract Substituted 3-vinylcyclohexanones result from the radical mediated combination of functionalized alkenes with a vinylcyclopropyl-1,3-dioxolane reagent.
Effect of lead acetate on Sertoli cell lactate production and protein synthesis in vitro

The effects of lead acetate on protein synthesis and lactate production by cultures of rat Sertoli cells in vitro were studied. Sertoli cell cultures prepared from 20 day old Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 0.01, 0.05 and 0.10 mM lead acetate. Lactate production was significantly elevated by all concentrations of lead after 3, 6, 9 and 12 hours of exposure. Protein biosynthesis as measured by [3H]-leucine incorporation was significantly depressed by 0.05 and 0.10 mM lead acetate after 2 hours of exposure. These results support the hypothesis that lead acetate may inhibit spermatogenesis by a disturbance of the metabolic activities of the Sertoli cells.
Does state-level context matter for individuals' knowledge about abortion, legality and health? Challenging the 'red states v. blue states' hypothesis.

Recently, the hypothesis that state-level political context influences individuals' cultural values – the ‘red states v. blue states’ hypothesis – has been invoked to explain the hyper-polarisation of politics in the USA. To test this hypothesis, we examined individuals' knowledge about abortion in relation to the political context of their current state of residence. Drawing from an internet-survey of 586 reproductive-age individuals in the USA, we assessed two types of abortion knowledge: health-related and legality. We found that state-level conservatism does not modify the existing relationships between individual predictors and each of the two types of abortion knowledge. Hence, our findings do not support the ‘red states’ versus ‘blue states’ hypothesis. Additionally, we find that knowledge about abortion's health effects in the USA is low: 7% of our sample thought abortion before 12 weeks gestation was illegal.
Sex Education and Intellectual Disability: Practices and Insight from Pediatric Genetic Counselors

Intellectual disability (ID) with or without other anomalies is a common referral for genetic counseling. Sessions may include discussions of reproductive implications and other issues related to sex education. Patients with ID regularly meet barriers when trying to obtain sex education due to the misperceptions of others as being either asexual or that such education would promote inappropriate sexual behavior. In this pilot study, we surveyed genetic counselors to explore their experiences with being asked to provide sex education counseling and their comfort in doing so for patients with ID ages 9-17. Results were analyzed from 38 respondents. Caregivers and patients most frequently requested information on puberty, sex abuse prevention, and reproductive health. Genetic counselors were most comfortable when they could provide sex education counseling within the context of a particular condition or constellation of features. They were least comfortable when they lacked familiarity with the patient, caregiver, or the family's culture. The most frequently cited barriers that prevented genetic counselors from providing sex education counseling were lack of time, lack of training, the patient's ID being too profound, and a belief that genetic counselors should not be responsible for providing sex education counseling. While many respondents reported that providing sex education counseling is not considered within the scope of a genetic counselor's practice, they also noted that patients' families initiate discussions for which counselors should be prepared. Respondents indicated that resource guides specifically designed for use by genetic counselors would be beneficial to their practice. Genetic counselors have the opportunity to embrace the role of advocate and broach the issue of sexual health with caregivers and patients by directing them toward educational resources, if not providing sex education directly to effectively serve the needs of patients and caregivers.
A Prospective, Comparative Study for the Evaluation of Postoperative Pain and Quality of Recovery in Patients Undergoing Robotic Versus Open Hysterectomy for Staging of Endometrial Cancer

Abstract Study Objective To measure and compare postoperative pain and patient satisfaction in patients undergoing either robotic or open laparotomy for surgical staging of endometrial cancer. Design Prospective, comparative study (Canadian Task Force classification II). Setting University hospital. Patients A total of 142 patients undergoing either robotic or open laparotomy for surgical staging of endometrial cancer. Interventions Patients scheduled for surgical staging of endometrial cancer at a single institution were identified. The patients underwent either robotic or open hysterectomy for staging of endometrial cancer. The choice of operative approach (robotic vs laparotomy) was made by the faculty physician before enrollment. Patients participated in the study for up to 48 hours for pain assessments and up to 10 ± 3 days postoperatively for quality of recovery assessments. Measurements and Main Results The following measurements were performed: postoperative pain with the visual analog scale (VAS), 24-hour opioid consumption, and quality of recovery using the Quality of Recovery Questionnaire (QoR-40). The study was terminated owing to futility, given the lack of open procedures at our institution. Despite that lack of statistically significant difference between VAS scores at rest and with leg extension, there was a significant decrease in 24-hour opioid consumption in the robotic group. In addition, the QoR-40 showed an increased perception of recovery in patients within the robotic group compared with the laparotomy group. Conclusion Patients with endometrial cancer who underwent robotic surgery had decreased postoperative opioid consumption and improved quality of recovery compared with those who underwent surgery via laparotomy.
Five year survivorship of primary non-modular stemless constrained knee arthroplasty

Abstract Introduction Recent development of stemless non-modular constrained (NMC) condylar components has offered solutions to end of stem pain, canal invasion, and complicated revision. However, supposed improvement in fixation associated with stems has led to some fears about non-modular (NM) devices and aseptic loosening. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the average five-years survivorship and clinical results of this newer primary NM constrained condylar arthroplasty. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 184 primary (TKAs) (140 patients) utilizing a newer NMC condylar implant from 1999 to 2008. Pre-operative range of motion and Knee Society function scores were obtained and compared to that of the patients' most recent follow-up. Statistical analysis included Kaplan–Meier survivorship analysis of all knees, with failure defined as the removal of the implant for any reason. Results Follow-up averaged 5 years (range: 2-9). Of the entire cohort, 42 patients are deceased and 14 knees have been revised. Of the 7 patients revised for loosening, 6 were isolated for femoral component loosening (3.3%). There was a significant improvement in both postoperative knee score and function score (p Conclusion The use of constraint should be judicious and ligament balancing, but we recommend using the least amount of constraint necessary to achieve stability. In addition, because of a significant number of isolated femoral loosenings observed in our cohort of stemless NMC knee prostheses, we recommend the use of a femoral stem with constrained condylar knee prosthesis in patients that have osteopenia and require a constrained knee.
Recruitment Maneuvers and PEEP Titration

The injurious effects of alveolar overdistention are well accepted, and there is little debate regarding the importance of pressure and volume limitation during mechanical ventilation. The role of recruitment maneuvers is more controversial. Alveolar recruitment is desirable if it can be achieved, but the potential for recruitment is variable among patients with ARDS. A stepwise recruitment maneuver, similar to an incremental PEEP titration, is favored over sustained inflation recruitment maneuvers. Many approaches to PEEP titration have been proposed, and the best method to choose the most appropriate level for an individual patient is unclear. A PEEP level should be selected that balances alveolar recruitment against overdistention. The easiest approach to select PEEP might be according to the severity of the disease: 5-10 cm H2O PEEP in mild ARDS, 10-15 cm H2O PEEP in moderate ARDS, and 15-20 cm H2O PEEP in severe ARDS. Recruitment maneuvers and PEEP should be used within the context of lung protection and not just as a means of improving oxygenation.
High-bandwidth production fibers fabricated with the IVD process

Operation of optical communication systems for telephone trunk lines at 1.3-μm wavelength utilizes the 90 Mbit/sec and repeater spans of 15-30 km, which utilize multimode graded-index fibers, may thee be bandwidth limited. Therefore, much effort has been focused on improving band- width performance of such fibers. Bandwidths of 1.8-3.4 GHz km have recently been reported in fibers fabricated by the VAD process.’ Fibers with bandwidths of ~3 GHz km have been reported using the OVD process.2 This paper presents inside vapor deposition (IVD) process bandwidth results for ~250 km of 0.20-N.A. 50-μm core/125-μm diam fibers coated with a composite UV-cured acrylate material to 250 μm in diameter. The fibers were produced under manufacturing conditions at Corning's Wilmington, N.C. plant.
Use of a highly transparent zebrafish mutant for investigations in the development of the vertebrate auditory system (Conference Presentation)

Zebrafish, an auditory specialist among fish, offer analogous auditory structures to vertebrates and is a model for hearing and deafness in vertebrates, including humans. Nevertheless, many questions remain on the basic mechanics of the auditory pathway. Phase-sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography has been proven as valuable technique for functional vibrometric measurements in the murine ear. Such measurements are key to building a complete understanding of auditory mechanics. The application of such techniques in the zebrafish is impeded by the high level of pigmentation, which develops superior to the transverse plane and envelops the auditory system superficially. A zebrafish double mutant for nacre and roy (mitfa-/- ;roya-/- [casper]), which exhibits defects for neural-crest derived melanocytes and iridophores, at all stages of development, is pursued to improve image quality and sensitivity for functional imaging. So far our investigations with the casper mutants have enabled the identification of the specialized hearing organs, fluid-filled canal connecting the ears, and sub-structures of the semicircular canals. In our previous work with wild-type zebrafish, we were only able to identify and observe stimulated vibration of the largest structures, specifically the anterior swim bladder and tripus ossicle, even among small, larval specimen, with fully developed inner ears. In conclusion, this genetic mutant will enable the study of the dynamics of the zebrafish ear from the early larval stages all the way into adulthood. © (2016) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Acute pesticide poisoning during 2007-2008 in Hangzhou: an epidemiological analysis of 1742 cases

Objective To develop effective management measures to control and reduce the incidence of acute pesticide poisoning through analyzing the prevalence status of acute pesticide poisoning in Hangzhou.Methods Data of pesticide poisoning during 2007-2008 were collected from health disserve surveillance information system which was part of China information system for disease control and prevention,and then EXCEL was used for statistical analysis.Results From 2007 to 2008,there were totally 1742 cases with non-occupational pesticide poisoning,of which 144 cases died,with a fatality rate of 8.3%.85.4% of pesticide poisoning cases were occupational pesticide poisoning.Female patients were more than male patients among non-occupational acute pesticide poisoning,otherwise male patients more than female patients among occupational pesticide poisoning.The pesticide(mostly organophosphorus pesticides) was the main poison that caused poisoning,accounting for 83.8% of the total poisoning patient.Outskirts of Hangzhou city was the most serious zone of pesticides poisoning,accounting for 92.4% of incidence cases.The incidence of pesticides poisoning had significant seasonal variation.The pesticide poisoning reached the highest in the third season,accounting for 69.7% of incidence cases.Conclusions Pesticide poisoning is threatening the health of people in Hangzhou Outskirts,and effective prevention and treatment should be taken immediately.
Analysis of HIV,syphilis,HCV infection among different populations in DaLian,2010-2012

Objective To analyze the state of AIDS、syphilis、hepatitis C in DALIAN in 2010-2012, and provide scientific evidence for developing infectious disease control measures. Methods during 2010 to 2012,antibody were tested on Pregnant、illicit prostitution、STD and MSM about HIV antibody、 syphilis antibody and hepatitis C antibody. Results during 2010 to 2012, A total of 4863 subjects were interviewed, and the positive rate of HIV antibody, syphilis antibody, hepatitis C antibody and was 1.60%、6.52%、0.64%. respectively. The positive rates of H IV antibody, syphilis antibody and hepatitis C antibody among MSM(1 203 people)、STD(1 204people)、FSW(1 256 people) and PRG(1 200people) were 5.40%、8.06%、0. 42%; 0. 91%、16. 53%、 1. 33%; 0.00%、1.51%、0.80%; 0.00%、0.17%、0.00%. Conclusion The number of high-risk group of people from different populations infected by venereal disease was increasing, AIDS、syphilis、hepatitis C are high among STD and MSM. that of syphilis is higher among sex workers, The specific target population screening should be strengthened to maximize the discovery of sexually transmitted diseases for AIDS control and prevention. sexual promiscuity is the major factors for infectious diseases, transmission Disease surveillance, propaganda and behavioral intervention should be strengthened among MSM and sex workers as w ell as health supervision on employees.
Development on communication component of maintaining software for automatic devices

Aiming at the problems of the electromagnetic interference in automatic device communication,the similar socket technology is presented and the development method about communication component of maintaining software for automatic devices is introduced.Firstly,the software composition relation and the communication component role are studied.The basic principle of serial port communication using similar socket technology is discussed furtherly.On this basis,the concrete method of developing serial port communication component is discussed from link layer information sending,data receiving,handling and checkout.The software is finished,identified by state power corporation and used in the development of every protection automatic device and a lot of project successfully.It meets the design requirements and achieve obvious social benefit and economic benefit.
Prostaglandin E2 mediates lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage procoagulant activity by a cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent pathway.

Backgrounf. Multiple organ failure syndrome (MOFS) and adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) continue to be significant clinical problems. Microvascular thrombosis and intraalveolar fibrin deposition play an integral role in the pathogenesis of MOFS and ARDS. The macrophage participates in these processes by expressing procoagulant activity (PCA) after exposure to endotoxin. One potential method to ameliorate organ dysfunction in ARDS and MOFS is to prevent macrophage activation of the coagulation cascade. Because inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism attenuate inflammatory lung injury, we investigated the role of eicosanoids in endotoxin-induced alveolar macrophage PCA