cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Control of globin synthesis by hemin Effect of temperature on globin synthesis by the reticulocyte cell-free system and the activity of translational repressors formed in the absence of hemin

Abstract The relationship between temperature and the hemin dependence of globin synthesis by the rabbit reticulocyte cell-free system has been investigated. In the absence of hemin, globin synthesis almost ceases after 5 min at 34 °C but continues at a linear rate for 2 h at 25 °C. If, after 10 or 20 min of incubation at 34 °C in the absence of hemin, the reticulocyte cell-free system is cooled to 25 °C, globin synthesis resumes immediately at the rate of samples incubated at 25 °C from time zero. If the ribosome-free supernatant fraction is incubated without hemin at 25 °C, inhibitory activity which can be inactivated by hemin (reversible inhibitor) appears within 1 h and an inhibitory activity which is insensitive to hemin (irreversible inhibitor) is generated after a 2-h delay. These inhibitors are assayed by addition to fresh cell-free systems incubated at 34 °C. The reversible inhibitor, whether formed at 25 °C or 34 °C, has no effect on fresh cell-free systems when incubated at 25 °C without hemin. The irreversible inhibitor is less inhibitory at 25 °C than at 34 °C. The results suggest that globin synthesis is independent of hemin for 2 h at 25 °C because of the delay in formation of the irreversible inhibitor. Globin synthesis resumes when cell-free systems are first briefly incubated without hemin at 34 °C and then cooled to 25 °C, because the reversible inhibitor formed at 34 °C is ineffective at the lower temperature. If the reversible inhibitor, generated at 34 °C, is cooled for 10 min a either 25 °C or 0 °C, it is still just as active when assayed at 34 °C in the absence of hemin, but it is inactivated more rapidly by hemin at 34 °C. These findings provide additional support for the hypothesis that the hemin-reversible inhibitor is the physiological mediator by which hemin controls globin synthesis in intact reticulocytes and their cell-free systems.
The vitamin A requirements of dairy cows for the production of butterfat of high vitamin A value. I. Artificially dried alfalfa hay (carotene)

Summary 1.Two feeding experiments have been completed to determine the minimum vitamin A requirements of dairy cows for the production of butter with maximum vitamin A value. 2.Artificially dried alfalfa hay was used as the source of vitamin A (carotene). 3.Under the conditions of these experiments, it was found that dairy cows required approximately 550,000 vitamin A units daily to restore the vitamin A potency of the milk fat to its highest value.
1,2-O-Isopropylidene-5-alkene templates for the synthesis of oligo-tetrahydrofurans

The highly functionalized THF 4 was prepared in eight steps from 2,5-cyclooctadiene. The key step in this synthesis was a novel desymmetrization reaction involving the iodoetherification of the C2 symmetric bis-isopropylidene alkene 6 to THF 4. The versatility of 4 was demonstrated by its conversion to bis-THF 3, a known precursor for trilobacin, and to the tris-THF-lactone 5, a potential relay compound for cyclic polyether analogues.
Automation System for Validation of Configuration and Security Compliance in Managed Cloud Services

Validation of configuration and security compliance at the time of creating new service is an important part of service management process and governance in most IT delivery organizations. It is performed to ensure that security risks, governance controls and vulnerabilities are proactively managed through the lifecycle of the services, and to guarantee that all discovered problems and issues are addressed and remediated for quality assurance before the services are delivered to customers. The validation process is complex and is typically carried out by following a checklist with questions and answers through manual steps that are time consuming and error prone. This lengthy process is particularly troublesome when providing managed cloud services to enterprise customers with a pre-specified request fulfillment time in SLA. In order to improve the timeliness and quality of cloud services, we have introduced an automation system to orchestrate the validation process with executable scripts to be executed against the services. We will describe a novel policy mechanism to capture exception rules for eliminating possible interference in security configuration contained in the scripts. We will explain how our system is designed and implemented to fulfill the needs of large enterprises from both the service provider's and the service consumer's vantage points.
D-node retargeting in bidirectional heuristic search

Although it is generally agreed that bidirectional heuristic search is potentially more efficient than unidirectional heuristic search, so far there have been no algorithms which realize this potential. The basic difficulty is that the two search trees (one rooted at the start, the other at the goal) do not meet in the middle. This results in essentially two unidirectional searches and poorer performance. In this paper we present an efficient algorithm for bidirectional heuristic search which overcomes this difficulty. We also compare this algorithm with de Champeaux's BHFFA [2,3] on the basis of search efficiency, solution quality, and computational cost.
Exploring face recognition by combining 3D profiles and contours

Most of the face recognition research performed in the past used 2D intensity images obtained by a photographic camera as the data format for processing, but the algorithms developed based on 2D images are not robust to changes of the conditions in which the images are taken, like the illumination of the environment and the orientation of the subject. With the development of 3D imaging techniques, 3D face recognition is becoming a natural choice to overcome the shortcomings of 2D face recognition, since a 3D face image records the exact geometry of the subject, invariant to illumination and the orientation changes. In this paper, a new algorithm for automatic face recognition, based on the characterization of faces by their contours and profiles, is proposed. Experiments show that the central vertical profile and the contour are both very useful features for face recognition. When combined, better recognition rates can be obtained than just using any of them alone. The performance of the algorithm is also compared with that of the traditional principal component analysis method using a database of 80 subjects. Results show that our method, which characterizes a face through its central vertical profile and contour, can achieve better results and requires less computational power in processing this test database.
Vibrational predissociation spectroscopy and theory of Ar-tagged, protonated Imidazole (Im) Im1–3H+·Ar clusters

Abstract We report vibrational predissociation spectra and theoretical analysis of the Ar-tagged cluster ions of imidazole, Im 1–3 H + ·Ar. The frequencies of the external N–H stretches are observed to incrementally blue-shift toward that of neutral imidazole upon addition of the second and third Im molecules, consistent with the calculated behavior of the Im 3 H + complex in which the excess charge is symmetrically shared by two internal N–H–N hydrogen bonds. A very strong, symmetrical doublet near 1000 cm −1 is observed for the Im 2 H + complex and attributed to the parallel bridging proton displacement based on anharmonic frequency calculations.
Forward and Backward Agenda Procedures: Committee Experiments on Structurally Induced Equilibrium

This article focuses on the connection between procedures and choices in collective decision-making arrangements. The research reported here is based on laboratory experiments in a committee-like setting. Two specific agenda procedures are analyzed: a "forward voting" process that is typical of most social choice theoretic models and a "backward voting" process that is usually found in most legislative settings. The experimental results indicate that these procedures make a difference since they yield very different patterns of outcomes. These results add empirical evidence and credence to a body of theoretical literature concerned with structurally induced equilibrium.
Exploring the role of steering committees in realizing value from project management

The impact of steering committees on project performance and their role in creating value from project management capabilities is not well understood. A case study analysis was chosen to analyze th...
IRRADIATION OF URIDINE WITH ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT

Summary Irradiation of uridine in aqueous solution with ultraviolet light gives 6-hydroxyhydrouridine as the first isolable product. 5-Hydroxyhydrouridine, a possible intermediate or product, has been eliminated as involved in this photochemical reaction. The mechanism of the irradiation reaction is thus probably identical to that of 1, 3-dimethyluracil. Improved procedures for the preparation of 5-bromouridine and 5-hydroxyuridine are also presented.
Fractures of the Thumb and Finger Metacarpals in Athletes

Most metacarpal fractures are minimally displaced and are treated without surgery. Markedly displaced fractures, fractures causing finger rotation, and displaced intra-articular fractures require surgical intervention. The challenge with the elite athlete is achieving an early return to play without compromising fracture position. Casts, splints, and surgery each have a role in getting the athlete back into action as soon as possible.
A pilot study: Documenting engineering school systems that support high student retention

The American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE) has engaged with the engineering education community to define and pilot the current best approaches for systematically collecting and analyzing student success data. Out of these efforts, ASEE has developed a survey that provides reliable, broad-based data for national retention and time-to-graduation benchmarks. ASEE plans to build on its retention and time-to-graduation survey and work collaboratively with engineering schools using a design-based implementation research approach [1]; and plans to document engineering school systems that support high student retention, with a pilot that focuses on schools that excel at retaining engineering students who are from the regular majority (i.e., schools that admit students through less selective admission requirements but are able to retain those students at high rates).
Methane Monooxygenase Hydroxylase and B Component Interactions

The interaction of the soluble methane monooxygenase regulatory component (MMOB) and the active site-bearing hydroxylase component (MMOH) is investigated using spin and fluorescent probes. MMOB from Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b is devoid of cysteine. Consequently, site-directed mutagenesis was used to incorporate single cysteine residues, allowing specific placement of the probe molecules. Sixteen MMOB Cys mutants were prepared and labeled with the EPR spin probe 4-maleimido-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (MSL). Spectral evaluation of probe mobility and accessibility to the hydrophilic spin-relaxing agent NiEDDA showed that both properties decrease dramatically for a subset of the spin labels as the complex with MMOH forms, thereby defining the likely interaction surface on MMOB. This surface contains MMOB residue T111 thought to play a role in substrate access into the MMOH active site. The surface also contains several hydrophilic residues and is ringed by charged residues. The surface of MMOB opposite the proposed binding surface is highly charged, consistent with solvent exposure. Probes of both of the disordered N- and C-terminal regions remain highly mobile and exposed to solvent in the MMOH complex. Spin-labeling studies show that residue A62 of MMOB is located in a position where it can be used to monitor MMOH-MMOB complex formation without perturbing the process. Accordingly, steady-state kinetic assays show that it can be changed to Cys (A62C) and labeled with the fluorescent probes 6-bromoacetyl-2-dimethylaminonaphthalene (BADAN) or 5-((((2-iodoacetyl)amino)ethyl)amino)naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid (1,5-IAEDANS) without loss of the ability of MMOB to promote turnover. The BADAN fluorescence is partially quenched and red shifted as the complex with MMOH forms, allowing affinity measurements. It is shown that the high affinity of labeled MMOB (K(D) = 13.5 nM at pH 6.6, 25 degrees C) for the oxidized MMOH decreases substantially with increasing pH and increasing ionic strength but is nearly unaffected by addition of nonionic detergents. Similarly, the fluorescence anisotropy of the 1,5-IAEDANS-labeled A62C-MMOH complex is perturbed by salts but not nonionic detergents. This suggests that the MMOB-MMOH complex is stabilized by electrostatic interactions consistent with the characteristics of the proposed binding surface. Reduction of MMOH results in a 2-3 order of magnitude decrease in the affinity of the BADAN-labeled A62C-MMOB-MMOH complex, consistent with previous indications of structural change associated with reduction of the active site dinuclear iron cluster. Utilizing BADAN-labeled MMOB, the association and dissociation rate constants for the MMOB-MMOH binding reaction were determined and found to be consistent with a two-step process, possibly involving rapid association followed by a slower conformational change. The latter may be related to the regulation of substrate access into the active site of MMOH.
Newer concepts in neural anatomy and neurovascular preservation in robotic radical prostatectomy

With more than 60% of radical prostatectomies being performed robotically, robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) has largely replaced the open and laparoscopic approaches and has become the standard of care surgical treatment option for localized prostate cancer in the United States. Accomplishing negative surgical margins while preserving functional outcomes of sexual function and continence play a significant role in determining the success of surgical intervention, particularly since the advent of nerve-sparing (NS) robotic prostatectomy. Recent evidence suggests that NS surgery improves continence in addition to sexual function. In this review, we describe the neuroanatomical concepts and recent developments in the NS technique of RALP with a view to improving the "trifecta" outcomes.
Concurrent Validity of the Kuder Career Search Activity Preference Scales and Career Clusters

The Kuder Career Search, the most recent edition of the Kuder Preference Records, is available in an online administration format. This study was conducted to compare the results of the online Career Search with concurrent measures of career interest and self-efficacy. The Activity Preference scales were generally related as expected to the concurrent interest and efficacy measures; most correlations between corresponding scales were small to moderate. The rank order of the Career Clusters was correlated with the ranks of the concurrent interest scales. An initial evaluation of the validity of the online version of the Kuder Career Search is provided in light of these findings.
Multiple Dielectric Posts in a Rectangular Waveguide

This paper presents a complete analysis for a system of Iinear, homogeneous, and isotropic dielectric posts in a rectangular waveguide. These posts are assumed uniform along the narrow side of the waveguide, but are otherwise of arbitrary cross section and thickness. The scattering and impedance matrices describing the effect of the posts on the dominant waveguide mode are derived. The latter is then realized as a two-port T-network. A moment procedure is devised and applied to a set of test problems with a wide variety of post configurations to compute the scattering parameters and equivalent network elements. The accuracy and convergence aspects of the numerical solution are also investigated. The branch and network resonances are determined for some post configurations.
Introduction to the special issue: Cultural considerations for communication design: integrating ideas of culture, communication, and context into user experience design

Culture can be difficult to define, yet it is central to almost everything humans do. Culture shapes how individuals view the world -- what they consider right and wrong or appropriate and inappropriate -- and often provides the lens through which they perceive communication and create messages (Sardi & Flammia, 2011; Varner & Beamer, 2015). As such, culture can be one of the most important aspects communication designers need to consider when developing materials for an audience -- any audience. When extended to broader intercultural or international contexts, the need to understand how culture affects expectations and perceptions becomes even more acute. For this reason, the more communication designers know about researching, considering, and addressing cultural communication expectations, the more effectively they can develop materials that meet the information seeking and usage needs of a greater global audience.
Potential determinants of unique and co-occurring major depression and nonmedical use of prescription opioids

Aims: Reductions in illicit drug use during opioid agonist treatment (OAT) can result in improved health. The Veterans Aging Cohort Index (VACS) is a validated prognostic measure of health in HIV research that includes assessments of liver, kidney, hematologic function, age, CD4 count and HIV viral load. In HIV-infected (HIV+) individuals the VACS Index reflects abstinence in patients entering OAT, including those with an undetectable viral load. We sought to evaluate its performance in HIV uninfected patients. Methods:HIV uninfected patients initiating OAT between 2000 and 2011 were identified. Eligible patients had a VACS Index (with assumptions that CD4 count was >500 cells/ L and viral load was 1 opioid positive urine during the 6 weeks preceding each VACS Index score. We assessed the association between non-abstinent/abstinent intervals and VACS Index scores with linear mixed models using a univariate model and a multivariate model that adjusted for pre-treatment VACS Index score, age, and race/ethnicity. Patient was specified as a random effect to account for multiple observations per patient. Results: Among the 592 patients entering OAT, the mean age was 52 years, 99% were male, and 68% African-American. Sixteen percent initiated buprenorphine; 84%methadone.Mean VACS Index scores were 18.3 for abstinent intervals and 18.1 for nonabstinent intervals. Based on univariate and multivariate models, VACS Index scores did not differ between abstinent and nonabstinent intervals (p= .7, p= .4, respectively). Conclusions: Despite responsiveness to abstinence in HIV+ individuals, the VACS Index does not appear to reflect the health benefits of efficacious OAT in those uninfected. Financial support: R01DA035616, U01AA020790.
Methodology for the volume minimization in non-isolated SiC based PV inverters

The opportunities for both power density and efficiency improvements of photovoltaic (PV) inverter have come with the development of commercially available wide bandgap (WBG) devices such as Gallium Nitride (GaN), and Silicon Carbide (SiC). The focus of this paper is to demonstrate a methodology for achieving a minimum volume of the differential and common mode parts of the output filtering while meeting power quality and electromagnetic interference (EMI) specification and maximizing efficiency. Temperatures are kept constant between both Si and SiC designs. Efficiency improvements are also characterized through an accurate calculation of device and magnetic component losses—the largest contributors to loss in the system. Frequency dependent behavior of filter components are taken into account as well as mitigations for high di/dt and dv/dt. MATLAB/Simulnk and PLECS are used to assist in the process and a 100 kVA PV inverter is considered in this work.
Schizophrenia and alterations in the experience of self and agency: Comparisons of dialogical and phenomenological views

Contemporary researchers have tended to present dysfunction in schizophrenia as the result of biological and social forces. While this has greatly advanced our knowledge, we are still without a full account of the illness’s first-person dimensions. A richer first-person account explains that schizophrenia is a disorder that interrupts the lives of people who must continue to struggle to find and create security and meaning. A range of literature has explored in many directions how schizophrenia is linked to profound changes in self-experience; however, there have not been systematic explorations of the ways in which these views converge and diverge. In response we will explore two different models of the processes which underlie a particular self-experience linked with schizophrenia: experiences of diminished agency. We will present a dialogical model of disturbances in agency and then compare and contrast it with another prominent philosophically based model, one from phenomenology.
Capacity Analysis of Interlaced Clustering in a Distributed Transmission System With/Without CSIT

With growing base-station density and decreasing frequency reuse factor, intercell interference and low cell-edge user rates are becoming serious problems. Legacy solutions like fractional frequency reuse are simple to implement but are suboptimal. In this paper, we investigate interlaced clustering as a solution to the edge user problem for a general distributed cellular transmission system. In interlaced clustering, several different coverage patterns coexist on disjoint parts of the spectrum. We demonstrate how various previously suggested network architectures can be interpreted as special cases of interlaced clustering. We then characterize the downlink user throughputs at the proportional fairness operating point of the rate region for both of the cases that the transmitter does, or does not, have channel state information. Based on this derivation, we develop a novel algorithm to solve the resource allocation problem for systems with interlaced clustering. Simulations based on practical cell parameters show that interlaced clustering can provide, on an average, a 100% gain on edge user rate without appreciable loss in rates elsewhere. We also verify that this result is robust to irregular deployment of the remote antenna units.
Influence of Psychiatric and Personality Disorders on Smoking Cessation Among Individuals in Opiate Dependence Treatment

ABSTRACTObjective: We aimed to evaluate how psychiatric and personality disorders influence smoking cessation goals and attempts among people with opiate dependence who smoke. This information could aid the development of more effective cessation interventions for these individuals. Methods: Participants (N = 116) were recruited from two methadone clinics, completed the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III, and were asked about their smoking behavior and quitting goals. We used the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) method, a technique commonly used for studies with small sample sizes and large number of predictors, to develop models predicting having a smoking cessation goal, among those currently smoking daily, and ever making a quit attempt, among those who ever smoked. Results: Almost all participants reported ever smoking (n = 115, 99%); 70% (n = 80) had made a serious quit attempt in the past; 89% (n = 103) reported current daily smoking; and 59% (n = 61) had a goal of quitt...
All Lives Matter, but so Does Race: Black Lives Matter and the Evolving Role of Social Media

This article demonstrates the ways in which youth of color played an active role in debates that erupted on Twitter following the tragic deaths of Michael Brown and Eric Garner in 2014. These debates on social media represent a larger struggle over discourse on race and racism across the nation. Drawing from critical theory and race theory, and engaging in the relatively new practice of using Twitter as a source of data for sociological analysis, this article examines Twitter as an emerging public sphere and studies the hashtags “#AllLivesMatter” and “#BlackLivesMatter” as contested signs that represent dominant ideologies. This article consists of a qualitative textual analysis of a selection of Twitter posts from December 3 to 7, 2014, following the nonindictments of officers in the murders of Michael Brown and Eric Garner. The debates on Twitter reveal various strategies that youth of color employed to shape the national discourse about race in the wake of these high-profile tragedies.
Kälteerzeugung unter Verwendung von Gasen

Das Wesen der Kalteerzeugung unter Verwendung von Gasen als Kaltetrager beruht auf der Tatsache, das durch Expansion von Presluft eine Arbeit nach ausen abgegeben wird, die durch Umwandlung des inneren Warmevorrates des Stoffes hervorgeht. Mit dem Druck sinkt daher auch die Temperatur. Hat das gespannte Gas vor Beginn der Ausdehnung die Temperatur der Umgebung angenommen, so ist die Abkuhlung gegen das Ende der Expansion derart vorgeschritten, das das Gas zur kraftigen Kaltewirkung befahigt ist.
A critical vision about nursing diagnoses

This article is an adaptation of a conference by the author in which she planted critical perspectives and questions about nursing diagnoses in order to see these from another viewpoint. The author introduces some new considerations related to the nursing paradigm which recognize the human nature in the treatment process centered on a relationship. This discourse is important from nursing language and practice viewpoints since they make evident basic human process in professional, ethical and practical treatment.
Endogenous alkaline phosphatase interference in cardiac troponin I and other sensitive chemiluminescence immunoassays that use alkaline phosphatase activity for signal amplification.

Abstract Background False positive cardiac troponin results can lead to inappropriate diagnosis. Our laboratory workflow includes systematic quality practices to identify false positive cardiac troponin I (cTnI) results reported by the DxI AccuTnI+3 assay, which uses alkaline phosphatase (ALP) for signal amplification. Recently, a sample with elevated cTnI failed our quality standards and was found to have extremely elevated endogenous ALP activity. The objective of this study was to determine the true cTnI concentration and evaluate whether ALP was the source of interference. Methods The suspicious cTnI result was evaluated by repeat analyses, dilution, heterophile blocking treatment, alternative methodology (Vista), and heat treatment. Purified ALP was added to reference serum and we quantified DxI cTnI and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Next, cTnI and/or hCG was measured in specimens with normal (N = 20) or elevated (N = 26) ALP using DxI and Vista assays. Finally, cTnI was quantified using a prototype, ALP-dependent high-sensitivity assay. Results The sentinel sample's DxI-cTnI results were imprecise on repeat, linear on dilution, unaffected by heterophile blocking antibodies, and correlated with ALP lability following heat treatment. The Vista-cTnI concentrations were ~ 7-fold lower. Addition of purified ALP to reference serum linearly increased the DxI-cTnI results. DxI-hCG results also appeared affected by ALP. Several independent patients' specimens with elevated ALP appeared to have falsely elevated DxI-cTnI and DxI-hCG. Conclusions Elevated ALP can interfere with contemporary, ALP-dependent immunoassays, including DxI-cTnI and DxI-hCG. The validation of such methods should include evaluations for endogenous ALP interference. Specimens with ALP > 1000 U/L and elevated DxI-cTnI should be evaluated for ALP interference.
A Program of College Physical Education and a Study of its Carry-Over Effects

(1933). A Program of College Physical Education and a Study of its Carry-Over Effects. The Journal of Health and Physical Education: Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 11-60.
On the Study of Human Action: Schutz and Garfinkel on Social Science

In contrast to Schutz’s approach to social science, Garfinkel presents ethnomethodology as an “alternate technology of social analysis” which seeks to respect the phenomena of order* as produced and achieved order and to show how such phenomena become accessible through the various study policies which it enumerates and delineates. The result is systematic, rigorous, empirical studies of practical action and practical reasoning in and as of the methods actually used, concretely, by members in the course of living their ordinary society.
The simplified Hirota’s method for studying three extended higher-order KdV-type equations

Abstract In this work we study three extended higher-order KdV-type equations. The Lax-type equation, the Sawada–Kotera-type equation and the CDG-type equation are derived from the extended KdV equation. We use the simplified Hirota’s direct method to derive multiple soliton solutions for each equation. We show that each model gives multiple soliton solutions, where the structures of the obtained solutions differ from the solutions of the canonical form of these equations.
Soda consumption and hospital admissions among Californian adults with asthma

ABSTRACTIntroduction Asthma prevalence has been increasing consistently since 1995 in California. Recent studies have found that consuming soda and sugar containing drinks may pose a risk for asthma. Research that examines the relationship between soda intake and asthma among adult asthmatics is limited.Objective This study investigated the relationship between sugar-sweetened soda consumption and asthma hospitalization among adult asthmatics in California.Methods This cross sectional study was based on the 2011–2012 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) data and included 3,784 adults who were diagnosed with asthma by a doctor and who currently reported either that they still had asthma, or that they had suffered from an asthma attack in the last 12 months. The analysis was survey weighted. The exposure variable was soda intake measured as the number of times soda was consumed in the last week. The health outcome measure was overnight hospital admission due to asthma. Logistic regression was used to e...
Bridging the gap between the Eastern Atlantic and Eastern Pacific; a new species of Crassadoma (Bivalvia; Pectinidae) in the Pliocene of Florida

Crassadoma monroensis new species (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Pectinidae), from the lower upper Pliocene Ochopee Limestone Member of the Tamiami Formation of southern Florida, is the first undoubted member of the genus Crassadoma Bernard, 1986, to be discovered in the Neogene on the eastern side of the Americas. The new species was likely byssate, not cemented, and fills the geographic gap between ancestral members of the tribe Crassadomini in the eastern Atlantic and Crassadoma gigantea, the giant cemented species that lives along the western shores of North America.
Creativity and Cognitive Style: A Life-Span Perspective

ABSTRACT Theory and research on creativity and cognitive styles are surveyed with particular emphasis upon their implications for life-span developmental psychology. Within the creativity domain, particular emphasis is given to the developmental aspects of the creativity-intelligence distinction. Problems of cross-age generality, the influence of the testing context as a function of age, the long-term stability of indexes of creative ability, and age and cohort-relevant aspects of creativity in “real-world” settings are considered. Attention is given to the issue of the usefulness of testing for creativity in adulthood when extrinsic behavioral criteria are generally available. The need for alternative predictive models for creative performance is discussed . The similarities and differences between cognitive styles, on the one hand, and creativity and intelligence, on the other, are described. A threefold classification of cognitive styles is offered on the basis of distance from traditional ability indexes and inclusion of value judgments in defining alternative poles of the style dimension. Several cognitive styles are reviewed with particular attention to the methodological difficulties in drawing developmental inferences from cross-sectional data. Consideration is given to the developmental relevance of the style-capacity distinction. Finally, the developmental problems associated with the construction of real-world criteria for cognitive styles are discussed .
Effect of single agent high-dose methotrexate-related acute kidney injury on length of hospitalization and relative dose intensity in adult patients with central nervous system lymphoma:

PurposeGrade ≥3 adverse effects prolong hospitalization and reduce chemotherapy dose intensity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rate and severity of high-dose methotrexate-related acu...
Towards a Heterogeneous Internet-of-Things Testbed via Mesh inside a Mesh: Poster Abstract

Connectivity is at the heart of the future Internet-of-Things (IoT) infrastructure, which can control and communicate with remote sensors and actuators for the beacons, data collections, and forwarding nodes. Existing sensor network solutions cannot solve the bottleneck problems near the sink node; the tree-based Internet architecture has the single point of failure. To solve current deficiencies in multi-hop mesh network and cross-domain network design, we propose a mesh inside a mesh IoT network architecture. Our designed "edge router" incorporates these two mesh networks together and performs seamlessly transmission of multi-standard packets. The proposed IoT testbed interoperates with existing multi-standards (Wi-Fi, 6LoWPAN) and segments of networks, and provides both high-throughput Internet and resilient sensor coverage throughout the community.
A New Approach to PCSK9 Therapeutics.

PCSK9 inhibition is an effective therapy to reduce LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) and cardiovascular events. A recent study shows that one or two doses of inclisiran, a long-acting synthetic small-interfering RNA (siRNA) that selectively targets hepatic PCSK9, causes a sustained reduction of plasma LDL-C for up to 6 months. Pending further studies of safety and efficacy, this may represent an important addition to the armamentarium for inhibiting PCSK9.
Health Disparities and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in African American Women: A Review

Importance Variation in cancer incidence and outcome has well-documented correlations with racial/ethnic identity. In the United States, the possible genetic and ancestral hereditary explanations for these associations are confounded by socioeconomic, cultural, and lifestyle patterns. Differences in the breast cancer burden of African American compared with European/white American women represent one of the most notable examples of disparities in oncology related to racial/ethnic identity. Elucidating the source of these associations is imperative in achieving the promise of the national Precision Medicine Initiative. Observations Population-based breast cancer mortality rates have been higher for African American compared with white American women since the early 1980s, largely reflecting declines in mortality that have been disproportionately experienced among white American patients and at least partly explained by the advent of endocrine therapy that is less effective in African American women because of the higher prevalence of estrogen receptor–negative disease. The increased risk of triple-negative breast cancer in African American women as well as western, sub-Saharan African women compared with white American, European, and east African women furthermore suggests that selected genetic components of geographically defined African ancestry are associated with hereditary susceptibility for specific patterns of mammary carcinogenesis. Disentangling health care access barriers, as well as reproductive, lifestyle, and dietary factors from genetic contributions to breast cancer disparities remains challenging. Epigenetics and experiences of societal inequality (allostatic load) increase the complexity of studying breast cancer risk related to racial/ethnic identity. Conclusions and Relevance Oncologic anthropology represents a transdisciplinary field of research that can combine the expertise of population geneticists, multispecialty oncologists, molecular epidemiologists, and behavioral scientists to eliminate breast cancer disparities related to racial/ethnic identity and advance knowledge related to the pathogenesis of triple-negative breast cancer.
High temperature VCO based on GaN devices for downhole communications

This paper presents a high temperature voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) for downhole communications. The proposed VCO adopts the common-source Colpitts oscillator configuration. The VCO is prototyped using 0.25 μm GaN RF transistors due to the high junction temperature and high unity gain frequency. Two GaN varactors are used to achieve the tuning frequency range of 40 MHz up to 230 oC. The measurements at 230 oC show that the VCO has an output power of 17.5 dBm with ±0.5 dB variations over the tuning range from 320.8 to 360.2 MHz. The measured phase noise is −121 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset from 343.3 MHz carrier. The maximum power consumption of the VCO is 122.5 mW.
Constrained and rational default logics

In this paper we consider constrained and rational default logics We provide two characterizations of constrained extensions One of them is used to derive complexity results for decision problems involving constrained extensions In particular, we show that the problem of membership of a formula in at least one (in all) constrained extension(s) of a default theory is Ef-complete (Ilf-complete) We establish the relationship between constrained and rational default logics We prove that rational extensions determine constrained extensions and that for seminormal default theories there is A one-to-one correspondence between these objects We also show that the definition of a constrained extension can be extended to cover the case of default theories which may contain justification-free defaults.
Chemical Analysis of Air Pollution Sources

Many techniques are available for analyzing the emissions from industrial and transportation sources. Most of these techniques involve instrumental analysis, as opposed to the traditional “wet chemical” methods. In order to recognize the advantages and limitations of a given analytical method it is important to understand the principles of the method. The first part of these notes discusses chemical instrumentation in general; the second part then describes applications of these techniques to analysis of various emissions.
Who Tests the Testers

Instructors routinely use automated assessment methods to evaluate the semantic qualities of student implementations and, sometimes, test suites. In this work, we distill a variety of automated assessment methods in the literature down to a pair of assessment models. We identify pathological assessment outcomes in each model that point to underlying methodological flaws. These theoretical flaws broadly threaten the validity of the techniques, and we actually observe them in multiple assignments of an introductory programming course. We propose adjustments that remedy these flaws and then demonstrate, on these same assignments, that our interventions improve the accuracy of assessment. We believe that with these adjustments, instructors can greatly improve the accuracy of automated assessment.
Beyond post-apartheid politics? Cleavages, protest and elections in South Africa

Declining electoral support for South Africa's ruling party, the African National Congress (ANC), suggests a potential weakening of the anti-apartheid nationalism that defined the immediate post-apartheid period. Using two surveys of voters in primarily poor and working-class black areas, conducted during the 2014 (national) and 2016 (local) elections, as well as three case studies of protest by workers, poor communities and students, this article examines the social cleavages and political dynamics that underpinned deepening political competition. Results show that voting decisions varied according to gender, age, ethnicity and receipt of welfare benefits. Different public provisions mattered most during national versus local elections, demonstrating that voters paid close attention to government operations. Underscoring political fluidity, some instances of protest reinforced ANC dominance while others fed into support for the opposition. The findings challenge notions of uncontested one party dominance, revealing instead that some poor black voters are critically evaluating the ANC's performance and developing oppositional political identities.
An Exploration of Altered Muscle Mappings of Arm to Finger Control for 3D Selection

In this poster, we present a novel 3-dimensional (3D) interaction technique, Altered Muscle Mapping (AMM), to re-map muscle movements of hands/arms to fingers/wrists. We implemented an initial design of AMM as a 3-Dimensional (3D) selection technique, where finger movements translate a virtual cursor (in 3-degrees-of-freedom) for selection. Direct Manipulation performance benefits may be preserved yet reduce physical fatigue. We designed an initial set of mapping variations. Our results from an initial pilot study provide initial performance insights of mapping configurations. AMM has potential for direct hand interaction in virtual and augmented reality and for users with a limited range of motion.
The Orations of the Cappadocian Fathers on Lepers

The aim of this paper is to understand what might effectively serve to exhort the practice of the virtue of solidarity with the socially alienated. Three orations on lepers: one by Gregory of Nazianzus, and two by Gregory of Nyssa, will be studied. The methods used to engender the virtue of solidarity with the lepers in these orations will be analyzed. Redefining classical Greek virtues in a Christian theological framework; sensitizing the listeners by appealing to emotions through the use of concrete examples; attempting to restore alienated kinship by retrieving kinship language; and encouraging a tangible encounter with lepers prove to be important elements. How the Gregorys appealed to non-Christians will also be considered. I conclude that through these three orations, the Gregorys teach us that the conviction to cultivate the virtue of solidarity is inculcated by engaging closely with those whose identity appears different from one’s own.
The clinical and financial cost of mental disorders among elderly patients with gastrointestinal malignancies.

The clinical and financial effects of mental disorders are largely unknown among gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients. Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare linked database, we identified patients whose first cancer was a primary colorectal, pancreatic, gastric, hepatic/biliary, esophageal, or anal cancer as well as those with coexisting depression, anxiety, psychotic, or bipolar disorder. Survival, chemotherapy use, total healthcare expenditures, and patient out-of-pocket expenditures were estimated and compared based on the presence of a mental disorder. We identified 112,283 patients, 23,726 (21%) of whom had a coexisting mental disorder. Median survival for patients without a mental disorder was 52 months (95% CI 50-53 months) and for patients with a mental disorder was 43 months (95% CI 42-44 months) (p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis identified patients with colorectal, gastric, or anal cancer to have a significant association between survival and presence of a mental disorder. Chemotherapy use was lower among patients with a mental disorder within regional colorectal cancer (43% vs. 41%, p = 0.01) or distant colorectal cancer subgroups (71% vs. 63%, p < 0.0001). The mean total healthcare expenditures were higher for patients with a mental disorder in first year following the cancer diagnosis (increase of $16,823, 95% CI $15,777-$18,173), and mean patient out-of-pocket expenses were also higher (increase of $1,926, 95% CI $1753-$2091). There are a substantial number of GI cancer patients who have a coexisting mental disorder, which is associated with inferior survival, higher healthcare expenditures, and greater personal financial burden.
Role of Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures

Chronic alcohol consumption results in alcohol use disorder (AUD). Interestingly, however, sudden alcohol withdrawal (AW) after chronic alcohol exposure also leads to a devastating series of symptoms, referred to as alcohol withdrawal syndromes. One key feature of AW syndromes is to produce phenotypes that are opposite to AUD. For example, while the brain is characterized by a hypoactive state in the presence of alcohol, AW induces a hyperactive state, which is manifested as seizure expression. In this review, we discuss the idea that hippocampal neurogenesis and neural circuits play a key role in neuroadaptation and establishment of allostatic states in response to alcohol exposure and AW. The intrinsic properties of dentate granule cells (DGCs), and their contribution to the formation of a potent feedback inhibitory loop, endow the dentate gyrus with a "gate" function, which can limit the entry of excessive excitatory signals from the cortex into the hippocampus. We discuss the possibility that alcohol exposure and withdrawal disrupts structural development and circuitry integration of hippocampal newborn neurons, and that this altered neurogenesis impairs the gate function of the hippocampus. Failure of this gate function is expected to alter the ratio of excitatory to inhibitory (E/I) signals in the hippocampus and to induce seizure expression during AW. Recent functional studies have shown that specific activation and inhibition of hippocampal newborn DGCs are both necessary and sufficient for the expression of AW-associated seizures, further supporting the concept that neurogenesis-induced neuroadaptation is a critical target to understand and treat AUD and AW-associated seizures.
Discipline with Common Agency: The Case of Audit and Nonaudit Services

Using a common agency model, we investigate the interactions of a utility‐maximizing auditor (the agent) with managers (who hire the agent for nonaudit services) and shareholders (who hire the agent for conducting an audit) of the same firm. In a single‐period model, managerial discretion over consulting and other nonaudit service fees can influence auditors to issue unqualified opinions on reports that are more favorable than warranted. Shareholders, represented by an audit committee, cannot recover truth‐telling. Removing the current restriction on contingent audit fees allows audit committees to offset the incentives provided by management and instead provide the auditor incentives to accept only truthful reports. Extending the model to a multiperiod framework, the audit committee can motivate truth‐telling by making retention decisions that are contingent on outcome. Auditors will consider the impact of overreporting on their ability to generate future audit fees from the same client.