cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Bond Dissociation Energies for Substituted Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Cations

The B3LYP/4-31G approach is used to compute bond energies for a series of substituted benzene, naphthalene, and anthracene molecules and their cations. The benzene bond energies are compared with experiment. The trends in the bond energies are discussed. The ionization energies are also reported and compared with available experiments.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Induces Type-III-Secretion-Mediated Apoptosis of Macrophages and Epithelial Cells

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative opportunistic pathogen that is cytotoxic towards a variety of eukaryotic cells. To investigate the effect of this bacterium on macrophages, we infected J774A.1 cells and primary bone-marrow-derived murine macrophages with the P. aeruginosa strain PA103 in vitro. PA103 caused type-III-secretion-dependent killing of macrophages within 2 h of infection. Only a portion of the killing required the putative cytotoxin ExoU. By three criteria, terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling assays, cytoplasmic nucleosome assays, and Hoechst staining, the ExoU-independent but type-III-secretion-dependent killing exhibited features of apoptosis. Extracellular bacteria were capable of inducing apoptosis, and some laboratory and clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa induced significantly higher levels of this form of cell death than others. Interestingly, HeLa cells but not Madin-Darby canine kidney cells were susceptible to type-III-secretion-mediated apoptosis under the conditions of these assays. These findings are consistent with a model in which the P. aeruginosa type III secretion system transports at least two factors that kill macrophages: ExoU, which causes necrosis, and a second, as yet unidentified, effector protein, which induces apoptosis. Such killing may contribute to the ability of this organism to persist and disseminate within infected patients.
Hypoxia stimulates osteopontin expression and proliferation of cultured vascular smooth muscle cells: potentiation by high glucose.

We examined the effect of hypoxia on proliferation and osteopontin (OPN) expression in cultured rat aortic vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cells. In addition, we determined whether hypoxia-induced increases in OPN and cell proliferation are altered under hyperglycemic conditions. Quiescent cultures of VSM cells were exposed to hypoxia (3% O 2 ) or normoxia (18% O 2 ) in a serum-free medium, and cell proliferation as well as the expression of OPN was assessed. Cells exposed to hypoxia for 24 h exhibited a significant increase in [ 3 H]thymidine incorporation followed by a significant increase in cell number at 48 h in comparison with respective normoxic controls. Exposure to hypoxia produced significant increases in OPN protein and mRNA expression at 2 h followed by a gradual decline at 6 and 12 h, with subsequent significant increases at 24 h. Neutralizing antibodies to either OPN or its receptor β3 integrin but not neutralizing antibodies to β5 integrin prevented the hypoxia-induced increase in [ 3 H]thymidine incorporation. Inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC) and p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase also reduced the hypoxia-induced stimulation of proliferation and OPN synthesis. Exposure to high-glucose (HG) (25 mmol/l) medium under normoxic conditions also resulted in significant increases in OPN protein and mRNA levels as well as the proliferation of VSM cells. Under hypoxic conditions, HG further stimulated OPN synthesis and cell proliferation in an additive fashion. In conclusion, hypoxia-induced proliferation of cultured VSM cells is mediated by the stimulation of OPN synthesis involving PKC and p38 MAP kinase. In addition, hypoxia also enhances the effect of HG conditions on both OPN and proliferation of cultured VSM cells, which may have important implications in the development of diabetic atherosclerosis associated with arterial wall hypoxia.
Femtosecond laser-induced periodic surface structures on tungsten

We generate periodic surface structures on tungsten at various laser wavelengths, despite that the table values of the dielectric constants indicate the absence of surface plasmons, a wave necessary for forming periodic structures on metals.
Larval Performance in Relation to Labile Oviposition Preference of Crocidolomia pavonana [F.] (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Among Phenological Stages of Cabbage

Abstract Crocidolomia pavonana (=binotalis) [F.] demonstrates oviposition peaks in the field that we believe to be correlated with host plant phenology. In previous two-choice laboratory experiments, we found the highest relative proportion of oviposition on cabbage to correspond either to plant growth stages ≈7–8 wk or ≈9–11 wk old, depending on the alternate host plant with which it was presented. In cabbage-only trials, leaves from 7- to 8-wk-old plants were preferred. Inconsistency in preference led to the question of whether oviposition on either cabbage growth stage would confer adaptive advantages in offspring performance. We simulated oviposition on four phenological stages of cabbage in two ways. In a study of complete immature development, growth rate, pupal weight, and survivorship were measured. We also compared food utilization efficiency during the fourth larval instar by analyzing growth rate, efficiency of biomass accumulation, and frass production by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). For b...
Mechanism for secretagogue-induced surfactant protein A binding to lung epithelial cells.

Secretagogues stimulate both secretion and reuptake of surfactant components by pulmonary type II cells as well as enhance surfactant protein A (SP-A) binding. We have evaluated the possibility tha...
A Seed-Based Inter-Domain Supervised Framework to Cluster Mixed Data Types

We propose a Seed-based Inter-Domain Supervised (IDS) framework to handle possibly diverse data formats, mixed-type attributes and different sources of data. This approach can be used for combining diverse representations of the data, in particular where data comes from different sources, some of which may be unreliable or uncertain, or for exploiting optional external concept set labels to guide the clustering of the main data set in its original domain. Unlike semi-supervised clustering, our approach exploits the synergy between different domains instead of external labels. Also ensemble clustering and our proposed IDS clustering are different mechanisms with distinct goals: (i) the former aims to combine independent clustering results from many independent subsets sampled from the same data set or from different clustering algorithm results on the same data set, into one consensus, (ii) while the latter (IDS) aims to exploit a mutual synergy between different data domains or sources to guide the clustering in these different domains or sources. Our preliminary results in clustering data with mixed numerical and categorical attributes show that the proposed IDS framework gives better clustering results in the categorical domain. Thus the seeds or the constraints obtained from clustering the numerical domain give an additional knowledge to the categorical clustering algorithm. Additional results show that our approach outperforms clustering either domain on its own or clustering both domains converted to the same target domain.
A Within-Animal Comparison of Skilled Forelimb Assessments in Rats

A variety of skilled reaching tasks have been developed to evaluate forelimb function in rodent models. The single pellet skilled reaching task and pasta matrix task have provided valuable insight into recovery of forelimb function in models of neurological injury and disease. Recently, several automated measures have been developed to reduce the cost and time burden of forelimb assessment in rodents. Here, we provide a within-subject comparison of three common forelimb assessments to allow direct evaluation of sensitivity and efficiency across tasks. Rats were trained to perform the single pellet skilled reaching task, the pasta matrix task, and the isometric pull task. Once proficient on all three tasks, rats received an ischemic lesion of motor cortex and striatum to impair use of the trained limb. On the second week post-lesion, all three tasks measured a significant deficit in forelimb function. Performance was well-correlated across tasks. By the sixth week post-lesion, only the isometric pull task measured a significant deficit in forelimb function, suggesting that this task is more sensitive to chronic impairments. The number of training days required to reach asymptotic performance was longer for the isometric pull task, but the total experimenter time required to collect and analyze data was substantially lower. These findings suggest that the isometric pull task represents an efficient, sensitive measure of forelimb function to facilitate preclinical evaluation in models of neurological injury and disease.
Cloud and E-commerce adoption

Cloud computing springs from prior researches on distributed computing, virtualization mechanisms, internetworking, and software services. Cloud, as service oriented architecture, offers flexibility in the procurement of hardware and software services to cloud customers. It also substantially minimizes the capital and operation cost of maintaining huge data centers and server farms at user end. In our researches we at length debated on the trends, opportunities, and challenges of cloud computing in Pakistan. The usage of cloud computing is still at embryonic stage in Pakistan. Computerized information processing facilities at public and private organizations consume days for the provision of services which would be idyllically provided within a single day. Most services related to basic civic amenities have still to find their way on cloud. For this reason vital public information cannot be shared amongst stakeholders.
Ink Deposition of Quaternary Amorphous Oxide Semiconductors for Electronic and Optoelectronic Devices

High-quality amorphous oxide thin films with band-edge absorption in the ultraviolet are deposited using a sol-gel ink process. We control optical and electrical properties of semiconducting zinc tin oxide by incorporating quaternary alloy elements.
Preservation of Saprolegniaceae by the Mineral Oil Method

(1949). Preservation of Saprolegniaceae by the Mineral Oil Method. Mycologia: Vol. 41, No. 2, pp. 177-179.
Collectivizing Death: Relative Vices v. Ultimate Virtues

Before attempting to respond to this question, it is necessary to rule out at least a few hypotheses that have become fashionable in recent years. First, we might reject the notion that modern society itself is the "cause" of genocide. This is simply a contemporary version of the late nineteenth-century notion that industrialism causes warfare. Quite apart from the intellectual difficulties of this position is the practical problem that accepting it would require not only that one suspend moral judgment of individual actions, but also that one reject the scien tific and technical forces that have yielded so many perceived benefits to ordinary people in this century. Such primitive thinking about science and technology simply con fuses the uses to which modernity is put with the causes of massacre. One might just as well declare that everything good derives from mo dernity, that all security and sense of well being that permits ordinary people to live like kings and queens of the past are a function solely of steadily advancing technology. In fact, for most of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, such theories were widely held. But historical op timism no more advances our study of the causes of genocide than does the pessimism that dots the present academic landscape. It should be obvious that science has inherent potential for good or evil. It allows for new and improved visions of physical and biological
Preparation of A-type sieve via fly ash under different conditions

A-type sieve zeolite was synthesized by reaction of fly ash and NaOH under different conditions at high temperatures.Effects of reaction temperature,mass ratio of fly ash to the alkali,hydrothermal temperature and hydrothermal time on the products were investigated.The products were characterized via XRD,SEM and FT-IR et al.The research result presents that: feasible reaction temperature is 600 ℃,mass ratio of fly ash to NaOH is 1 to 2,hydrothermal temperature is 90 ℃,hydrothermal time is 24 h.A well crystallized zeolite was obtained under the optimized condition.
Clinical data, clinicopathologic findings and outcome in dogs with amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia and primary immune-mediated thrombocytopenia.

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to identify distinguishing characteristics between dogs diagnosed with amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia and those diagnosed with presumed primary peripheral immune-mediated thrombocytopenia. Presenting clinical and clinicopathologic data and outcomes were compared between the two groups. METHODS Retrospective study performed on seven client-owned dogs diagnosed with amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia and 34 client-owned dogs with primary peripheral immune-mediated thrombocytopenia. RESULTS All dogs in the amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia group were anaemic on presentation with a median haematocrit of 23% (range 9·4 to 36), while the primary peripheral immune-mediated thrombocytopoenia group had a median presenting haematocrit of 35% (range 10 to 53). Dogs with amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia had a median of five (range 4 to 7) clinical signs of bleeding compared to a median of three (range 0 to 6) in the primary peripheral immune-mediated thrombocytopenia group with 86% (6 of 7) of amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia dogs requiring a blood transfusion compared to 41% (14 of 34) of primary peripheral immune-mediated thrombocytopenia dogs. Six of the seven amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia dogs did not survive to discharge, while only five of the 34 primary peripheral immune-mediated thrombocytopenia dogs did not survive to discharge. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The clinical presentation of dogs with amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia and primary peripheral immune-mediated thrombocytopenia is similar, but dogs with amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia had a more severe clinical course compared to primary peripheral immune-mediated thrombocytopenia dogs. The prognosis for dogs with amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia is poor.
Cost of a Data Breach

Data breaches cost money. In some cases, the cost of a data breach is so large that it can put a company out of business. The cost of data breaches results from industry and regulatory fines such as HIPAA/HITECH and PCI DSS. Other costs result from lost of business, state notification laws, and fixing the security issues that lead to the breach. Organizations that track cost related to data breaches include the Ponemon Institute, Symantec, and Verizon.
APOE ε4 and Memory Among Patients With Heart Failure.

Twenty-three percent to 50% of heart failure (HF) patients have memory loss. Objectives were to (a) characterize major allelic frequency of 2 variants in apolipoprotein (APOE) gene in HF patients, ...
Team-of-Gateways: Design and Implementation

This report describes a new concept in gateways called the team-of-gateways. A team-of-gateways is a collection of gateways, each of which forwards traffic between a Local Area Network (LAN) and the ARPANET, but only one of which runs the Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) with the core system of gateways. The benefits of the team-of-gateways are increased reliability and throughput without an increased routing burden on the EGP core system. This report describes the team-of-gateways concept, its design and implementation, and results and conclusions based on our testing and use of the team-of-gateways. Results show that the team-of-gateways reliability improvement over a single gateway is excellent, and that the team-of-gateways throughput improvement can be good, depending on the network configuration and the traffic-splitting mechanisms in the hosts and in the ARPANET.
Practical medical approaches to the patient with infertility

One in eight women of reproductive age has trouble getting pregnant. Knowing what drug treatments are available and how to use them can help you improve patient outcomes.
Article 29 [Participation in Political and Public Life]

Active citizenship has been for long denied to persons with disabilities either through exclusionary legal provisions or due to inaccessible procedures and facilities. As a consequence, persons with disabilities have been absent from the political environment and the issue of disability rights and duties has been relegated to the private sphere. In order to respond to such circumstance, Article 29 of the CRPD provides for important coverage to political rights of persons with disabilities. In fact, it goes beyond the basic right to vote right and be elected to public office to address the right of persons with disabilities to take part in other aspects of public life and civil society. In doing so, Article 29 is the clearest expression in international human rights law of the right to participation decision-making when one’s interests are affected.
Can Universal Screening Increase the Representation of Low Income and Minority Students in Gifted Education

Low income and minority students are under-represented in gifted education programs. One explanation for this pattern is that the usual process for identifying gifted students, through parent and teacher referrals, systematically misses many potentially qualified disadvantaged students. We use the experiences in a large urban school district following the introduction of a universal screening program for second grade students to study this hypothesis. With no change in the standards for gifted eligibility the screening program led to large increases in the fractions of economically disadvantaged students and minorities placed in gifted programs. Comparisons of the newly identified gifted students with those who would have been placed in the absence of screening show that blacks and Hispanics, free/reduced price lunch participants, English language learners, and girls are all systematically "under-referred" in the traditional parent/teacher referral system.
FNA diagnosis of deep-seated lymphoma: an institutional experience.

Introduction Controversy remains as to whether image-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy coupled with appropriate ancillary techniques has clinical utility in the diagnosis of deep-seated lymphomas. Materials and methods A retrospective search (20 years) was performed to identify FNA cases with a definitive or indeterminate lymphoma diagnosis for deep-seated locations. The FNA diagnosis was compared with corresponding surgical pathology (SP) and clinical follow-up. The application of ancillary tests was also evaluated. Results A total of 121 cases from 118 patients were recovered. Among 95 of 121 (79%) aspirates that had a definitive lymphoma diagnosis, 50 lacked SP follow-up. Most (82%) represented possible recurrent lymphoma, and thus therapy proceeded based on the FNA results alone. Additionally, 44 of 95 (46%) had an FNA diagnosis concordant with corresponding SP and 1 case was discordant. Of 44 with concordant SP diagnosis, 25 had further lymphoma subtyping that was concordant with SP. There were 26 of 121 (21%) with indeterminate diagnosis on FNAs. Of these, SP confirmed a diagnosis of lymphoma in 81%. Indeterminate cytologic diagnoses were due either to absent/inconclusive flow cytometry (FC) (11 of 21) or Hodgkin lymphoma (10 of 21). Of 121 cases, 93 utilized FC, 53 utilized cell-block immunohistochemical stains, and 29 utilized molecular testing as part of FNA work-up. Conclusions FNA plays an important role in the diagnosis/clinical management of deep-seated non-Hodgkin B cell lymphoma (NHL), particularly for recurrence. The addition of ancillary techniques, particularly FC, markedly increases NHL diagnostic accuracy and subclassification. Our study is one of the few large series examining the clinical utility of FNA in the setting of deep-seated lymphomas.
Students as co-researchers to inform student learning: Findings from a poverty simulation:

Survey data reveal that poverty simulations are an effective tool in changing student attitudes about poverty. What is not well documented in the literature is exactly how students learn through th...
Data Visualization: A Guide to Visual Storytelling for Libraries, Edited by Lauren Magnuson: Boulder, CO: Rowman & Littlefield, 2016, 214 pp., ISBN: 978-1-4422-7110-4, 978-1-4422-7112-8, $95.00. Series: LITA Guides.

The edited work Data Visualization: A Guide to Visual Storytelling for Libraries brings together 11 chapters that explore the foundations of data visualization and storytelling, techniques for data...
ADMM penalty parameter selection with krylov subspace recycling technique for sparse coding

Sparse representations are widely used in a broad variety of fields. A number of different methods have been proposed to solve the sparse coding problem, of which the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is one of the most popular. One of the disadvantages of this method, however, is the need to select an algorithm parameter, the penalty parameter, that has a significant effect on the rate of convergence of the algorithm. Although a number of heuristic methods have been proposed, as yet there is no general theory providing a good choice of this parameter for all problems. One obvious approach would be to try a number of different parameters at each iteration, proceeding further with the one that delivers the best reduction in functional value, but this would involve a substantial increase in computational cost. We show that, when solving the sparse coding problem for a dictionary corresponding to an operator with a fast transform, requiring iterative methods to solve the main linear system arising in the ADMM solution, it is possible to explore a large range of parameters at marginal additional cost, thus greatly improving the robustness of the method to the choice of penalty parameter.
Optimal sensor scheduling strategies in networked estimation

Consider a remote sensing system where multiple pairs of stochastic subsystems and corresponding non-collocated estimators share a common wireless network. In order to avoid packet collisions, the access to the network is mediated by a manager that chooses, based on the realizations of the states, which one (if any) of the states will be transmitted over the network. Each estimator is interested solely on the state of its corresponding subsystem. This paper studies the jointly optimal design of scheduling and estimation strategies for a cost functional consisting of a mean-squared error and a communication cost in a one-shot problem formulation. The global optimality of a scheduling and estimation strategy pair for the unicast network model is established. A person-by-person optimal pair of strategies is obtained for a broadcast network model.
Perspectives on evaluation from curricular contexts

Educational issues in nations throughout the world center on teacher and student evaluation, leading to much consternation. The root of debate stretches to curriculum questions that directly address matters of worth or value. Examining evaluation of education at any level through curricular lenses increases its complexity. First, complexity is approached by focusing on three broad categories that can be framed as questions: What are value considerations in foundations of curriculum? What is worthwhile for subsequent generations? How should we evaluate extant impacts of curricular venues? Second, perspectives on the complexity of evaluation based in curriculum studies are advanced through responses from five orientations to curriculum: Intellectual Traditionalist, Social Behaviorist, Experientialist, Critical Reconstructionist, and Postmodern Global Anti-Imperialist. Each offers a perspective worth considering by those who wish to improve curriculum and its evaluation.
Sinonasal aspergillosis: Outcome after topical treatment in dogs with cribriform plate lysis

Background Cribriform lysis has been considered a contraindication for topical treatment of sinonasal aspergillosis (SNA) because of concerns about drug extravasation with resultant neurologic signs or death. Objective/hypothesis To describe dogs with SNA and cribriform plate lysis treated with topical antifungal medications. Our hypothesis was that the conventional dogma that topical therapy should be avoided in these cases is incorrect. Animals Nine client-owned dogs with SNA and lysis of the cribriform plate, lysis of the floor of a frontal sinus or both detected by computed tomography (CT). Methods A retrospective review of medical records was performed. Dogs that met inclusion criteria (ie, SNA confirmed by at least 1 laboratory test, braincase affected on CT, and topical treatment applied) were included. Size of lesions, ancillary diagnostic test results, topical therapy, and adjuvant PO treatments were recorded. Outcome was determined by phone calls. Results Four dogs were alive at the time of the manuscript submission with follow-up ranging from 188 to 684 days without neurological signs observed. All dogs were discharged without major complication 1-7 days postoperatively. One dog that had presented with a history of seizures experienced seizure activity 2 months after treatment. Conclusions and clinical importance Topical therapy did not result in complications in these dogs in which lytic regions as large as 16 × 22 mm2 were noted. Sinonasal aspergillosis associated lysis of the cribriform plate; lysis of the floor of a frontal sinus or both detected on CT is not necessarily a contraindication to topical therapy.
Evaluating the benefits of increasing measles immunization rates

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To calculate the cost-effectiveness, expressed in dollars per quality-adjusted life years (QALY), of increasing measles immunization rates. DATA SOURCES/STUDY DESIGN: Published data were supplemented by expert opinion. We determined the cost savings and value of the health benefits from averting a single case of measles. Next we examined the U. S. data regarding the relationship between pre-school measles immunization and incidence rates. Finally, we calculated the cost-effectiveness of a program that would increase a locality's immunization rate to the point of disease elimination. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Averting a single case of measles, using "base case" assumptions, yields societal cost savings of $2,089 and an increase of 0.086 QALYs. Using a very low discount rate increases the total benefits to $2,251 in societal cost savings and 0.150 QALYs in health benefits. In general, programs to raise measles immunization rates are not cost-effective, except possibly during an outbreak of the disease or in areas with very low immunization rates. The extremely low measles incidence rates in the mid-1990s result in such programs having extremely high costs per QALY gained. CONCLUSIONS: Programs that are narrowly designed to increase immunization rates alone are not likely to be cost-effective. Yet these programs do have the potential to be cost-effective if the program design and evaluation also recognize the benefits associated with the primary and preventive care that can accompany immunizations. Such programs may also be cost-effective if they are components of a global eradication of measles.
Slip statistics for a bulk metallic glass composite reflect its ductility

Serrations in the stress-time curve for a bulk metallic glass composite with microscale crystalline precipitates were measured with exceptionally high temporal resolution and low noise. Similar measurements were made for a more brittle metallic glass that did not contain crystallites but that was also tested in uniaxial compression. Despite significant differences in the structure and stress-strain behavior, the statistics of the serrations for both materials follow a simple mean-field model that describes plastic deformation as arising from avalanches of slipping weak spots. The presence of the crystalline precipitates reduces the number of large slips relative to the number of small slips as recorded in the stress-time data, consistent with the model predictions. The results agree with mean-field predictions for a smaller weakening parameter for the composite than for the monolithic metallic glass; the weakening parameter accounts for the underlying microstructural differences between the two.Serrations in the stress-time curve for a bulk metallic glass composite with microscale crystalline precipitates were measured with exceptionally high temporal resolution and low noise. Similar measurements were made for a more brittle metallic glass that did not contain crystallites but that was also tested in uniaxial compression. Despite significant differences in the structure and stress-strain behavior, the statistics of the serrations for both materials follow a simple mean-field model that describes plastic deformation as arising from avalanches of slipping weak spots. The presence of the crystalline precipitates reduces the number of large slips relative to the number of small slips as recorded in the stress-time data, consistent with the model predictions. The results agree with mean-field predictions for a smaller weakening parameter for the composite than for the monolithic metallic glass; the weakening parameter accounts for the underlying microstructural differences between the two.
Disease features of equine coronavirus and enteric salmonellosis are similar in horses

Background Equine coronavirus (ECoV) is an emerging pathogen associated with fever and enteric disease in adult horses. Clinical features of ECoV infection have been described, but no study has compared these features to those of Salmonella infections. Objectives Compare the clinical features of ECoV infection with enteric salmonellosis and establish a disease signature to increase clinical suspicion of ECoV infection in adult horses. Animals Forty-three horses >1 year of age with results of CBC, serum biochemistry, and fecal diagnostic testing for ECoV and Salmonella spp. Methods Medical records of horses presented to the North Carolina State University Equine and Farm Animal Veterinary Center (2003-016) were retrospectively reviewed. Horses were divided into 3 groups based on fecal diagnostic test results: ECoV-positive, Salmonella-positive, or unknown diagnosis (UNK). Time of year presented, clinical signs, CBC, and serum biochemistry test results were recorded. Data were analyzed by 1-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis test, or Fisher's exact test with significance set at P Results Most common presenting complaints were fever and colic and were similar across groups. Horses with ECoV had significantly decreased neutrophil counts when compared to those with no diagnosis but were not different from horses with Salmonella. Horses with Salmonella had significantly lower mean leukocyte counts compared to those with UNK. No significant differences were found among groups for any other examined variable. Conclusions and clinical importance Equine coronavirus and Salmonella infections share clinical features, suggesting both diseases should be differential diagnoses for horses with fever and enteric clinical signs.
Abstract 57: Exosomes Derived From Ischemic Cerebral Endothelial Cells Promote Axonal Growth

Axonal remodeling is a critical aspect of spontaneous brain repair after stroke. Stroke activates cerebral endothelial cells (CECs) in ischemic blood vessels. Communications between activated CECs ...
Learning and Selecting the Right Customers for Reliability: A Multi-Armed Bandit Approach

In this paper, we consider residential demand response (DR) programs where an aggregator calls upon some residential customers to change their demand so that the total load adjustment is as close to a target value as possible. Major challenges lie in the uncertainty and randomness of the customer behaviors in response to DR signals, and the limited knowledge available to the aggregator of the customers. To learn and select the right customers, we formulate the DR problem as a combinatorial multi-armed bandit (CMAB) problem with a reliability goal. We propose a learning algorithm: CUCB-Avg (Combinatorial Upper Confidence Bound-Average), which utilizes both upper confidence bounds and sample averages to balance the tradeoff between exploration (learning) and exploitation (selecting). We prove that CUCB-Avg achieves $O(\log T)$ regret given a time-invariant target. Simulation results demonstrate that our CUCB-Avg performs significantly better than the classic algorithm CUCB (Combinatorial Upper Confidence Bound).
A Highly Successful School–University Partnership:

This column introduces a collaborative partnership between the Center for Gifted Education at William & Mary and the Paradise Valley School District in Phoenix, Arizona. It describes its history an...
Managing Portfolio Lives: Flexibility and Privilege Amongst Upscale Restaurant Workers in Los Angeles

The unstable, even precarious labor conditions of many frontline service jobs in the United States should render them undesirable to upwardly mobile young workers. Yet for many, these types of jobs complement, rather than infringe upon, their broader lifestyles. Drawing on six years of ethnographic research in upscale Los Angeles restaurants, I show how front-of-the-house service workers navigate portfolio lives—sustained though shifting arrangements of labor and leisure that blur the boundaries between the two. I describe how these workers, who are mostly young, white, and college educated, leverage both personal resources and workplace structures to weave their restaurant jobs into their larger webs of activities. I close by discussing how the concept of portfolio lives extends theories of boundaryless work careers to the urban service economy, though these dynamic assemblages remain subject to class and race inequalities.
A2N: Attending to Neighbors for Knowledge Graph Inference

State-of-the-art models for knowledge graph completion aim at learning a fixed embedding representation of entities in a multi-relational graph which can generalize to infer unseen entity relationships at test time. This can be sub-optimal as it requires memorizing and generalizing to all possible entity relationships using these fixed representations. We thus propose a novel attention-based method to learn query-dependent representation of entities which adaptively combines the relevant graph neighborhood of an entity leading to more accurate KG completion. The proposed method is evaluated on two benchmark datasets for knowledge graph completion, and experimental results show that the proposed model performs competitively or better than existing state-of-the-art, including recent methods for explicit multi-hop reasoning. Qualitative probing offers insight into how the model can reason about facts involving multiple hops in the knowledge graph, through the use of neighborhood attention.
Histopathologic vasculitis from the periulcer edge: A retrospective cohort study

Background Histopathologic vasculitis is often reported in periulcer specimens, but the frequency and clinical significance of this finding have not been evaluated. Objective We evaluated the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value of histopathologic vasculitis from the periulcer edge for detecting ulcers due to cutaneous vasculitis. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of patients with leg ulcers at a tertiary hospital between 2009 and 2016. Histopathologic slides were evaluated by 2 dermatopathologists who were blinded to the etiology of ulcer. Focal vasculitis was defined as involvement of fewer than 3 vessels. Results Vasculitis at the periulcer edge was seen in 51.6% of the specimens (32 of 62). Of the specimens with histopathologic vasculitis, focal vasculitis was seen in the majority of specimens (71.9% [23 of 32]), whereas diffuse vasculitis was observed in 28.1% (9 of 32). Periulcer vasculitis yielded a high sensitivity (100% [95% confidence interval, 29%-100%]). Furthermore, the specificity was low (50.9% [95% confidence interval, 38.1%-63.6%]) for detecting vasculitis-induced ulcers. Limitations Small number of vasculitis-induced ulcers. Conclusion Focal vasculitis from the periulcer edge is a nonspecific finding and provides little diagnostic value in determining the etiology of lower leg ulcers. Emphasis should be placed on the combination of clinical history and examination, histology, and laboratory findings when diagnosing ulcers.
The Discursive Politics of Education Policy in China: Educating Migrant Children

This article explores the discursive functioning of education policies, bringing into consideration community perspectives regarding policy enactment in contemporary China. With the intention of building upon ongoing discussions surrounding both the conceptions and purposes of policy sociology, we critically analyse policies directly related to the education of migrant children living in and around China's largest urban centres, with a specific focus on those implemented in Beijing. We emphasize two important aspects that previous studies of China's education policies have tended to underplay given their focus on social-economic perspectives. The first argument is that education policies have an underlying agenda that extends beyond that of simply addressing the educational needs of migrant children – evidenced through the discursive functions of policy texts. The second argument is related and seeks to raise questions about who is best served by these policies and for whom these policies are intended.
Clinical and procedural characteristics predicting need for chronotropic support and permanent pacing post-heart transplantation.

Background Postoperative bradycardia can complicate orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT). Previous studies suggested donor age and surgical technique as possible risk factors. However, risk factors in the era of bicaval anastomosis have not been elucidated. Objective We sought to examine the association between donor/recipient characteristics with need for chronotropic support and permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation in patients with OHT. Methods All patients treated with OHT between January 2003 and January 2018 at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania were retrospectively evaluated until June 2018. Chronotropic support was given upon postoperative inability to increase the heart rate to patient's demands and included disproportionate bradycardia and junctional rhythm. Results A total of 820 patients (mean age 51.3 ± 12.6 years; 607, 74% men) underwent 826 OHT procedures (787 patients, 95.3% bicaval anastomosis). Patients who were exposed to amiodarone (odds ratio [OR] 2.30; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.58–3.34; P Conclusion Surgical technique and donor age were the main risk factors for the need for chronotropic support post-OHT, whereas surgical technique and recipient age were risk factors for early PPM implantation.
Timing is everything? Curvilinear effects of age at entry on new firm growth and survival and the moderating effect of IPO performance

Abstract Theory suggests that an earlier age at international entry results in improved growth but also decreased survival chances. Empirical studies tell a different story, providing mixed and equivocal results that challenge the tenets of extant theory. To begin to bridge the gap between theory and results, we develop theoretical explanations for curvilinear (inverted U-shaped) relationships between age at entry and both firm growth and firm survival as well as the moderating impact of resource-providing initial public offering (IPO) on the resource-intensive internationalization process. Our findings support the inverted U-shaped relationships and that IPO performance steepens the growth curve and flattens the survival curve. Taken together, our study enhances understanding of the effects of age at entry, bridges the IPO and international entrepreneurship literatures, and offers avenues for extending the micro-foundations of the development of capabilities for new foreign market entry. In doing so, we advance knowledge about the conditions under which earlier or later internationalization leads some firms to thrive while others fail.
Health Care Transition in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes and an A1C >9%: Qualitative Analysis of Pre-Transition Perspectives

OBJECTIVE | To explore expectations for transition to adult care and experiences with transition planning among adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes and an A1C >9% at a tertiary care U.S. pediatric center. METHODS | We conducted semi-structured interviews in a purposive sample of patients 14-23 years of age who had had type 1 diabetes for at least 1 year and had an A1C >9%. A multidisciplinary team conducted iterative thematic analysis with deductive and inductive coding aided by NVivo software. RESULTS | Fourteen subjects participated (nine adolescents and five young adults, mean age 17.1 ± 3.2 years, 57% male, 79% Caucasian, 14% Hispanic, diabetes duration 8.2 ± 4.6 years, mean A1C 10.0 ± 0.8% for adolescents and 10.1 ± 0.7% for young adults). Qualitative analysis yielded four key themes. The first was lack of formal preparation; participants of all ages demonstrated a lack of preparation for transition and ignorance about the process, describing it as coming "out of the blue." The second was a desire for delayed and gradual transition; participants wanted to defer being "serious" about transition to a later/uncertain date, with a preference to "wait until I'm older" among all ages. Participants described ideal transition as a gradual process, taking place "a little at a time." The third was attachment to pediatric providers; participants demonstrated a nearly universal attachment to and "familiarity" with their pediatric diabetes care providers and expressed worries about an "uncomfortable" transition to adult providers. The fourth was concern about an impersonal adult care setting: participants perceived adult care as "formal," "scarier," and "tougher," with increased criticism about poor control; participants expressed fear that adult providers would not "know me" or appreciate "my diabetes journey." CONCLUSION | We demonstrated a lack of transition preparation and anxiety about transition and adult care among youth with type 1 diabetes and elevated A1C. Our results may help guide early, iterative pediatric transition counseling, with a special focus on addressing attachment and fears about adult diabetes care.
A Day in the Life of a Rural Home Care Physical Therapist Assistant

Here, the author discusses about his experience as a rural home care physical therapist assistant He talks about his starting time, documentation from the previous day's visits and review the day ahead, as well as their Zoom meeting due to Covid-19 pandemic Their Care Conference consists of all clinicians from the US team wherein they discussed about new patients and see on what he can help He also mentions about his 77-year-old patient who is an Air Force veteran who fractured the odontoid process of the C2 vertebral body and with a hard neck collar for immobilization Furthermore, he stated that one of the most challenging logical aspects of being a home health clinician is finding a restroom especially in some rural areas and during lockdown orders due to the pandemic
Graduate student well-being: Learning and living in the U.S. during the COVID-19 pandemic

This essay shares experiences related to graduate student well-being in the transition from face-to-face to virtual learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. The unexpected and rapid changes due to the preventive measures taken created challenges for both educators and students in the middle of the Spring 2020 semester. In navigating these challenges, we sought ways to tend to students’ well-being without sacrificing quality and discovered students needed a safe space to share their experiences and feelings which helped them connect with each other at a deeper level and develop a sense of community.
The missing linker: emerging trends for H1 variant-specific functions

Major advances in the chromatin and epigenetics fields have uncovered the importance of core histones, histone variants and their post-translational modifications (PTMs) in modulating chromatin structure. However, an acutely understudied related feature of chromatin structure is the role of linker histone H1. Previous assumptions of the functional redundancy of the 11 nonallelic H1 variants are contrasted by their strong evolutionary conservation, variability in their potential PTMs, and increased reports of their disparate functions, sub-nuclear localizations and unique expression patterns in different cell types. The commonly accepted notion that histone H1 functions solely in chromatin compaction and transcription repression is now being challenged by work from multiple groups. These studies highlight histone H1 variants as underappreciated facets of chromatin dynamics that function independently in various chromatin-based processes. In this review, we present notable findings involving the individual somatic H1 variants of which there are seven, underscoring their particular contributions to distinctly significant chromatin-related processes.
Effects of Personality on Wellbeing

Research has shown that personality has a strong effect on happiness, subjective wellbeing, and positive mental health. More specifically, research has shown that subjective wellbeing is positively related with traits such as extraversion, self-esteem, positive affective disposition, mindfulness, optimism, locus of control, expectancy of perceived control, pollyannaism, and resilience. Subjective wellbeing is also negatively related with many forms of psychopathology—neuroticism, anxiety, and depression. The positive traits predispose people to seek positive situations and respond to them is ways that enhance their subjective wellbeing, while the negative traits have the opposite effect. Also, people who are mindful of their surrounding tend to report higher levels of subjective wellbeing, especially using measures that focus on the here and now. From positive psychology we learn that people who have certain character strengths (signature strength: hope, zest, gratitude, love, and curiosity) are likely to experience higher levels of wellbeing compared to those who lack these strengths. The effect of personality on wellbeing and positive mental health can be explained by instrumental theory, temperament theory, top-down theory, set-point theory, the genotype theory of happiness, dynamic equilibrium theory, and homeostatically-protected mood theory.
CAB Expression in Douglas-Fir Demonstrates Weak Light Regulation

The cab gene family encodes for the major light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding protein of photosystem II. Cab genes are strongly up-regulated by light in all angiosperms studied. It has also been shown that cab transcription rates and steady state levels of cab mRNA fluctuates dramatically during dark and light cycles in a manner that shows a pronounced, circadian rhythm. We find that Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) responds differently to light in comparison to what is generally true for angiosperms. Douglas-fir seedlings appear to maintain relatively high levels of cab mRNA regardless of light and dark treatments. For example, cab mRNA in dark grown seedling is found at about 40% of amounts produced under natural light conditions. We also determined the steady-state mRNA levels in Douglas-fir seedlings at 4-hour intervals throughout a diurnal cycle of 12 hours light and 12 hours dark, and during extended dark and light periods. Our results show that relatively minor fluctuations occur in steady state cab mRNA during light and dark phases and no circadian rhythm is apparent. We hypothesize that there are basic differences between Douglas-fir and angiosperms with respect to factors effecting the photoregulation of certain light responsive genes.