cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Microfluidic device for delivery of multiple inks for dip pen nanolithography

In the dip pen nanolithography (DPN) process, ultra-sharp scanning probe tips ("pens") are coated with chemical compounds (or "ink") and contacted with a surface to produce submicron-sized features. This work describes the design, fabrication, and testing of a microfluidic ink delivery device for delivering multiple species of inks to an array of multiple pens, as well as for maximizing the number of inks for simultaneous patterning by DPN. The microfluidic device (called "Centiwell") consists of a 2-D array of 96 microwells that are obtained by silicon bulk micromachining process. A thermoelectric module is attached to the bottom of the substrate. Microbeads of a hygroscopic material (e.g., polyethylene glycol or PEG) are dispensed into the microwells. The thermoelectric module cools the substrate to below the dew point for condensing water droplets on the microbeads and to create PEG solutions that serve as the ink for DPN. An array of pens is then coated with the ink. Subsequently, nanolithography is performed with the coated pens. Multiple PEG nanopatterns obtained by this method are presented as proof-of-concept. This demonstrates the functionality of the Centiwell microfluidic ink delivery device for nanolithography of multiple inks. Also, fractal nanopatterns are observed in the nanolithography experiments.
Disease status and use of ventilatory support by ALS patients. BDNF Study Group.

INTRODUCTION: Use of mechanical ventilation (MV), administered either invasively via tracheostomy, or more commonly non-invasively (CPAP, BiPAP), appears to be increasing in ALS. No prospective databases exist that describe the behavior of physicians and patients and the criteria for instituting MV in ALS. METHODS: 387 placebo patients in a Phase III trial of r-metHuBDNF were followed for 9 months. Although the use of MV was not the primary end-point of the trial, information was gathered regarding it by cataloging respiratory adverse events and tracking health resource utilization. RESULTS: 35 of 387 patients utilized MV during the trial. Twenty-eight (7%) patients received BiPAP. Seven (2%) were tracheotomized without first receiving BiPAP. Forced vital capacity (FVC): BiPAP patients had a mean ( A non-BiPAP patients had a mean baseline FVC% of 88.7 &A 1.0%, and an ALSFRS of 30.3 &A 0.3. Symptom duration at entry was similar for both grou...
Subcritical Crack Growth in Dense Alumina Exposed to Physiological Media

Dense alpha alumina plates were fabricated using a slip-casting process. These samples were used to evaluate the subcritical crack-growth characteristics of the alumina in various physiological media. Specifically, the double-torsion method was used to obtain crack velocity vs stress intensity factor plots in distilled water, saline solution, and medium 199 at 37°C. The resulting data suggested that for the particular alumina samples analyzed, K1 was not independent of the crack length and thus this method was not entirely valid. Despite these problems, there was a tendency for the stress corrosion to be greatest in the distilled water and least in the medium 199. Finally, the experimental crack-growth parameters were within the range reported for similar biomaterials.
Atrial fibrillation after minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery

Abstract OBJECTIVES The study compared the adjusted risk for developing atrial fibrillation (AF) after minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery (MIDCAB) and coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation results in increased morbidity and delays hospital discharge after CABG. Recently, MIDCAB has been explored as an alternative to CABG. Because of differences in surgical approach between the two procedures, the incidence of AF may differ. METHODS Randomly selected patients undergoing CABG and MIDCAB were examined. Baseline variables and postoperative course were recorded through review of medical record data. RESULTS The MIDCAB patients were younger than CABG patients (64 ± 12 vs. 67 ± 10, p CONCLUSIONS Although AF appears to be less common after MIDCAB than after CABG, the lower incidence is due to different clinical characteristics of patients undergoing these procedures.
Determining End-to-End Delay Bounds in Heterogeneous Networks

We define a class of Guaranteed Rate (GR) scheduling algorithms. The GR class includes Virtual Clock, Packet-by-Packet Generalized Processor Sharing and Self-Clocked Fair Queuing. For networks that employ scheduling algorithms belonging to GR, we present a method for determining an upper bound on end-to-end delay. The method facilitates determination of end-to-end delay bounds for a Variety of sources. We illustrate the method by determining end-to-end delay bounds for sources conforming to Leaky Bucket and exponentially bounded burstiness.
Photo-Arbuzov rearrangements of cyclic phosphite systems

The direct UV irradiation of cyclic phosphites 1–4 was carried out in argon-saturated solvents. In all cases examined, the rearranged, ring-contracted Photo-Arbuzov phosphonate was the major product formed with isolated yields ranging from 40 to 50%. These phosphonate photoproducts, 5–8, represent novel, bicyclic, aromatic phosphonate systems never before described in the literature of heterocyclic phosphorus chemistry. These compounds are of interest based on their potential application as ring-constrained, non-hydrolyzable mimics of phosphorylated tyrosine. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Evolving opponent models for Texas Hold 'Em

Opponent models allow software agents to assess a multi-agent environment more accurately and therefore improve the agent's performance. This paper makes use of coarse approximations to game-theoretic player representations to improve the performance of software players in Limit Texas Hold 'Em poker. A 10-parameter model, intended to model a combination, or mixture, of various strategies is developed to represent the opponent. A dasiamixture identifierpsila is then evolved using the NEAT neuroevolution method to estimate values of these parameters for arbitrary opponents. To evaluate this approach, two poker players, represented as neural networks, were evolved under the same conditions, one with the mixture identifier, and one without. The player trained with access to the identifier achieved consistently higher and more stable fitness during evolution compared with the player without the identifier. Further, the player with the identifier outplays the other in a heads-up match after training, winning on average 60% of the money at the table. These results demonstrate that opponent modeling is effective even with low-dimensional models and conveys an advantage to players trained to use these models.
Unity from duality

When, in the primeval sea, creatures first began to crawl, "right" and "left" came into being, yielding neuronal nets to control response to the sidedness of stimuli. In the half billion years of moving and sensing, two brains have evolved, the right and the left; and human experience now shows them to be roughly equivalent, potentially independent, conscious entities. This dramatic fact is evidenced by "split-brain" patients and by numerous cases of therapeutic removal of either hemisphere. Equally dramatic, of course, is that there is not the slightest sign of this duality in everyday experience, the right and left visual fields are seamlessly knit, and cross purpose is absent in the moment to moment operation of the two cerebral hemispheres. This unity is constantly synthesized by the 100,000,000 fibers passing from each hemisphere to the other; the vastness of that interchange emphasized upon comparison with the mere 1,000,000 fibers conveying all the visual world from each eye. With the large distances in the human brain some 100+ ms may commonly transpire for one hemisphere to send to and receive a response from the other. Efficiency thus demands that most neuronal calculation occur within rather than between hemispheres, thereby promoting differences in the characteristic capabilities of each alone, i.e., "hemispheric specialization". Despite this there is a bewildering bilaterality of activation revealed by fMRI for most cognitive tasks. In the absence of the forebrain commissures brainstem systems can be shown, in macaques, also to participate in the unification of behavioral result from the actions of the separated hemispheres. The system favors synthesis from congruent (visual) input to the two hemispheres; but in the face of incompatible hemispheric input, the two hemispheres are able to work out an accommodation in their control of subcortical systems.
Varieties of Capitalism: Trajectories of Liberalization and the New Politics of Social Solidarity

This essay reviews recent literature on varieties of capitalism, drawing on insights from existing studies to propose a new, more differentiated way of thinking about contemporary changes in the political economies of the rich democracies. The framework offered here breaks with the “continuum models” on which much of the traditional literature has been based, in which countries are arrayed along a single dimension according to their degree of “corporatism” or, more recently, of “coordination.” In so doing, it reveals combinations—continued high levels of equality with significant liberalization, and declining solidarity in the context of continued significant coordination—that existing theories rule out by definition. I argue that these puzzling combinations cannot be understood with reference to the usual dichotomous, structural variables on which the literature has long relied, but require instead greater attention to the coalitional foundations on which political-economic institutions rest. A coalitional approach reveals that institutions that in the past supported the more egalitarian varieties of capitalism survive best not when they stably reproduce the politics and patterns of the Golden Era but rather when they are reconfigured—in both form and function—on the basis of significantly new political support coalitions.
THREE NEW SPECIES OF MARCGRAVIACEAE FROM COSTA RICA, WITH REFERENCES TO RELATED SPECIES AND NOTES ON THE GENERIC PLACEMENT OF SCHWARTZIA JIMENEZII

Marcgravia glandulosomarginata, Ruyschia moralesii and Schwartzia tarrazuensis, woody epi- phytes known mostly from mid-elevation rainforest of Costa Rica’s pacific coastal mountains just south of San Jose, are described, compared to related species and illustrated. The new Marcgravia species is known also from Panama and Colombia, but the other two species are endemic to Costa Rica.
A Cell Holder for Simultaneous In-Situ X-Ray Diffraction and Electrochemical Studies: Part 1—Zinc in a Sodium Chloride Solution

Abstract A novel device (cell holder) to carry out electrochemical characterization simultaneously in-situ with x-ray analysis is presented. The cell holder can be mounted in most diffrac-tometers found in conventional research laboratories. This device can be used for a number of applications in different areas of electrochemistry such as electroplating, corrosion, and batteries. A typical example related to corrosion is demonstrated by studying the corrosion product formation on Zn immersed in 0.1 M sodium chloride (NaCl; pH 7.4). The x-ray diffraction patterns obtained show that it is possible to follow in-situ the sequence of formation of an oxide-chloride layer as a function of time. Some particular advantages for using this cell holder are that the cell holder does not use any window that can contribute to unwanted peaks; it does not need any special camera and is open to air to simulate a real corrosion process; and it does not need special radiation such as synchrotron radiation.
The safety of incidental appendectomy at the time of abdominal hysterectomy

Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to assess the complication rates of incidental appendectomies in women who undergo benign gynecologic procedures. Study design This was a retrospective case-controlled study of patients who did (n=100 women) or did not (n=100 women) undergo incidental appendectomies at the time of an abdominal hysterectomy between June 1995 and January 2001. Information was abstracted from hospital and clinic records and a gynecologic oncology database. Data were obtained about age, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, the number of days with nothing by mouth, the length of hospital stay, and postoperative complications (cellulitis, fever, ileus, pneumonia, thromboembolic disease). Data were analyzed with the use of two-sample t tests, Wilcoxon Rank sum tests, χ 2 tests, and multiple logistic regressions. Results There was no difference in preoperative diagnosis or operative procedure for either group. The number of patients in the group that did have incidental appendectomy versus the group that did not have incidental appendectomy with additional procedures at the time of abdominal hysterectomy was bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (66 vs 61 women), unilateral oophorectomy (19 vs 19 women), lysis of adhesions (9 vs 8 women), and others (12 vs 8 women). Compared with the group that did not have incidental appendectomy, the group that did have incidental appendectomy was younger (mean age±SD: 44±9.6 years vs 48±13.6 years, P =.02) and had a lower mean body mass index (26.1±6.0 kg/m 2 vs 29.8±8.9 kg/m 2 , P =.0009). No significant differences were found between the two groups (the group that did have incidental appendectomy vs the group that did not have incidental appendectomy, respectively) with respect to the following postoperative complications: fever (40 vs 27 women), cellulitis (1 vs 2 women), wound collection (4 vs 6 women), wound dehiscence (1 vs 5 women), wound abscess (7 vs 6 women), ileus (3 vs 2 women), and urinary tract infection (4 vs 10 women) . The mean length of hospital stay was significantly longer in the group that did have incidental appendectomy than in the group that did not have incidental appendectomy (3.6±1.52 days vs 3.1±1.1 days, P =.006). However, the difference was no longer significant when patients who were fed electively on the postoperative day 2 were excluded from the analysis (3.16±1.13 days vs 3.04±1.13 days, P =.507). Thirty-one percent of the histologic specimens were abnormal, with fibrous obliteration being most common, and there was one case of acute appendicitis. Conclusion An incidental appendectomy at the time of benign gynecologic procedures does not increase postoperative complication rates or length of hospital stay. The inclusion of incidental appendectomies in all abdominal hysterectomies could potentially decrease the morbidity and mortality rates because of appendicitis in elderly women.
Pairwise alignment incorporating dipeptide covariation

Motivation: Standard algorithms for pairwise protein sequence alignment make the simplifying assumption that amino acid substitutions at neighboring sites are uncorrelated. This assumption allows implementation of fast algorithms for pairwise sequence alignment, but it ignores information that could conceivably increase the power of remote homolog detection. We examine the validity of this assumption by constructing extended substitution matrices that encapsulate the observed correlations between neighboring sites, by developing an efficient and rigorous algorithm for pairwise protein sequence alignment that incorporates these local substitution correlations and by assessing the ability of this algorithm to detect remote homologies. Results: Our analysis indicates that local correlations between substitutions are not strong on the average. Furthermore, incorporating local substitution correlations into pairwise alignment did not lead to a statistically significant improvement in remote homology detection. Therefore, the standard assumption that individual residues within protein sequences evolve independently of neighboring positions appears to be an efficient and appropriate approximation. Availability: Sequence data, software and matrices are freely available from http://compbio.berkeley.edu/ Contact: gec@compbio.berkeley.edu Supplementary information: Supplementary data for this paper is available at Bioinformatics online.
Phenotypic Heterogeneity in Multiple Myeloma Families

Purpose To describe a series of families with familial multiple myeloma (MM). Observations were used to generate hypotheses about the role of genetic factors, the mode of inheritance of these factors, and the association of other cancers with familial MM. Patients and Methods This observational study consisted of 39 families with multiple cases of MM or related disorders from four collaborating research centers. Each center followed its usual family study method. Probands were interviewed, and, when possible, cancers were verified by medical records and pathology review. A working pedigree was compiled on each family. Results Seventeen families had affected members in two or more generations, and eight families had two or more affected members in a single generation. Four families had two or more members with plasma cell dyscrasias, with or without a single case of MM. In the remaining 10 families, a single MM case occurred with a family history of other cancers. Other cancers observed in family members included hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. In families with MM in multiple generations, there was a decrease in the age at MM diagnosis in successive generations. Conclusion The study of familial MM may provide insights into the pathogenesis and, ultimately, the control and prevention of MM and related disorders. Population-based epidemiologic studies are crucial, but because of the rarity of familial MM, a concerted case-finding approach may also be fruitful. Therefore, we propose an international consortium to study familial MM, and we invite all interested colleagues to participate.
How (not) to protect genomic data privacy in a distributed network: using trail re-identification to evaluate and design anonymity protection systems

The increasing integration of patient-specific genomic data into clinical practice and research raises serious privacy concerns. Various systems have been proposed that protect privacy by removing or encrypting explicitly identifying information, such as name or social security number, into pseudonyms. Though these systems claim to protect identity from being disclosed, they lack formal proofs. In this paper, we study the erosion of privacy when genomic data, either pseudonymous or data believed to be anonymous, are released into a distributed healthcare environment. Several algorithms are introduced, collectively called RE-Identification of Data In Trails (REIDIT), which link genomic data to named individuals in publicly available records by leveraging unique features in patient-location visit patterns. Algorithmic proofs of re-identification are developed and we demonstrate, with experiments on real-world data, that susceptibility to re-identification is neither trivial nor the result of bizarre isolated occurrences. We propose that such techniques can be applied as system tests of privacy protection capabilities.
Fatalism and Time

A certain mythology has been perpetuated in discussions of philosophy of time. It has been contended that the adoption of a particular theory of time, what I will call the “Non-dynamic Theory of Time” (NDTT) results in a commitment to Fatalism. This unwanted, if not intolerable baggage, is said to be avoided only by jettisoning NDTT and espousing what I will call the “Dynamic Theory of Time” (DTT). What I hope to show is that the truth of the matter is almost completely the reverse; while NDTT has absolutely no Fatalistic ramifications, DTT, when it is conjoined with a most plausible supposition, does.
Developing Issue-Selling Effectiveness over Time: Issue Selling as Resourcing

This paper considers how issue sellers advance new issues within an organization over time, and how they gain competence at doing so. Using ethnographic, archival, and interview data spanning a six-year period, it describes the moves made by members of a high-tech manufacturer to introduce environmental considerations into the design of new manufacturing processes. A significant shift occurred in the pattern of moves used over time, and explanations for the shift are found in two accompanying dynamics: The gradual accumulation of assets by the group advancing the issues and their adjustment of moves used based on earlier experiences. The findings are used to develop a model of issue selling as resourcing; that is, a practical accomplishment through which issue sellers' moves enact key schemas held by issue recipients, triggering their attention and action on the issue. Issue selling as resourcing builds on recent work on resources and organizational boundaries to address how organizational contexts shape opportunities for and barriers to issue selling, and to identify how issue sellers learn to operate effectively within them.
Regional Contribution Agreements: Compensation for Exclusionary Zoning

The article examines regional contribution agreements, a cost-benefit approach to affordable housing, by which municipalities trade their responsibilities in market-like transactions allowing those most willing to accommodate such housing being compensated by those who cannot. The article cautions that such “free market” privatization of the allocation of responsibility for affordable housing could backfire, resulting in urban areas being compensated to keep the poor exactly where they are, and in a worst case scenario, accelerating gentrification, pushing marginalized home-seekers completely out of the metropolitan area.
Risks of occupational exposure to optical radiation

During the past 40 years a wide body of biomedical research has been conducted to understand the factors which influence injury to optical radiation-particularly with respect to the eye. A primary motivation for much of this research has been the advent of lasers, since focal damage of the retina from a collimated beam exposure is possible at some distance. A wide range of research studies provided the basis for establishing human exposure limits for ultraviolet and infrared radiation as well as for intense visible light. The International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) has published guidelines for human exposure, and these are available at no cost from the ICNIRP website (http://www. icnirp.org). Laser Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) limits used in international safety standards, such as those of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) are based upon ICNIRP guidelines. Practical laser safety standards and regulations have evolved to promote the safe design and use of laser products. As a result of newer laser applications and increased knowledge of the biological effects, MPEs have been revised a number of times. Despite the existence of safety standards and regulations, accidental eye injuries from lasers still occur. Accidental exposure to welding arcs and intense lights occur more fequently, but the consequential loss of vision is much less, with permanent effects rare. Accidental human exposure information also adds to our understanding of ultraviolet, blue-light and laser induced retinal injury. Accidents are most frequently attributed to the lack of understanding of hazards and a failure to follow established safe work practices.
Level Separation Corrections to Resonance Integrals

(1965). Level Separation Corrections to Resonance Integrals. Nuclear Science and Engineering: Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 267-269.
Southwestern Internal Medicine Conference: Drug Fever: Mechanisms, Maxims and Misconceptions

Although drug fever is a clinical entity that has received considerable attention in textbooks and review articles, only recently have such writings been subjected to critical analysis. In the present review, mechanisms responsible for drug fever are examined. In addition, published characterizations of the syndrome are compared with the results of a recently published systematic analysis of 148 cases of drug fever. This comparison identified a number of important areas in which descriptions of the clinical entity in textbooks and review articles are at odds with the clinical profile exhibited by actual cases of drug fever.
Human rights and HIV interventions in Chinese labour camps

Yap et al 1 suggest that China's labour camps for drug users present an opportunity to implement universal ‘test and treat’ programmes. They contend that such a step would be consistent with ‘humanitarian’ principles endorsed by The Global Fund and the World Bank. Their recommendation is surprising and troubling. The paper cited to support this position (which we coauthored) is not …
An improved method for cleaning and preparing ticks for examination with the scanning electron microscope.

The removal of din particles adhering to the integument of ticks, especially argasids, is a necessary prerequisite before examination by scanning electron microscopy. We report an improved cleaning method in which a common household glue is used to remove integumental debris from ticks.
MASS TRANSFER CHARACTERIZATION IN HOLLOW FIBER KIDNEYS

ABSTRACT This paper describes the in vitro characterization of the mass transfer behavior in a Cordis-Dow hollow fiber artificial kidney. The purpose of this investigation was to establish the behavior of the dialyzer device, apart from the patient-artificial kidney system, so as to serve as a reference by which in vivo performance may be correlated to the particular design and operating parameters of the capillary artificial kidney. This characterization allows specific therapy based upon the variation of surface area, blood and dialysate flow rates, transmembrane pressure and the solute spectrum to be removed. The characterization also allows the optimization of therapy using present designs and direct improvement of future designs to more accurately duplicate natural kidney function. The mass transfer behavior of the Cordis-Dow hollow fiber artificial kidney was characterized by an in vitro experimental analysis. A total of 4,860 base data points describing the operational and performance parameters of the 1.3, 1.8 and 2.5 square meter dialysis units were amassed to establish sodium chloride (NaCl) and disodium N-octadecylsulfosuccinate (A-18) removal rates. Data reduction by computer yielded clearances, clearance efficiencies, phenomenological coefficients, and rate constants based upon mass balances, nonequilibrium thermodynamics, and kinetic models of the dialysis system.
Transforming the Colonial State: Controlling the Bureaucratic Bourgeoisie

Many people assumed that officials’ self-seeking behaviour reflected their low levels of personal morality. That, however, generally led to bromides: ‘In the passage of time, given steady economic progress, loyalties will gradually move from family, clan and tribe to nationstate,’ ‘the spread of education,’ ‘the evolution of public opinion,’ and ‘the rigorous enforcement of the laws’ (Wraith and Simpkins, 1963: 208). To curb inevitable official class tendencies towards goal-substitution, however, required more than simplistic cure-alls (Klitgaard, 1988). It called for restructuring the state (Nzongola-Ntalaja, 1987: 78).
Robotic grasping for instrument manipulations

The paper focuses on the grasp requirements derived from the voluntary and involuntary physical interactions in instrument manipulations. The manipulation-oriented grasp requirements include interactive wrench requirements and motion requirements that are required to accomplish a manipulation task. The manipulation-oriented grasp requirements are directly associated with the functionality of the instrument and the manipulation task, but independent from the robotic hardware. Grasp quality measures developed from the manipulation-oriented grasp requirements can be used as search criteria for optimal grasps. Working with hardware-independent grasping strategies extracted from human demonstration including grasp type and thumb placement, optimal grasps could be located efficiently in a dramatically reduced hand configuration space.
Low Risk for Local and Systemic Complications After Primary Repair of 1626 Achilles Tendon Ruptures.

Introduction. Historically, Achilles tendon repairs and other surgeries about the hindfoot have demonstrated a significantly higher rate of wound healing complications and surgical site morbidity. ...
Validation of automated latex von Willebrand factor activity assay in a new prospective study including post‐treatment patient samples

SummaryIntroduction Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most prevalent inherited bleeding disorder. Diagnosis requires measurement of VWF–platelet binding function, for which VWF ristocetin cofactor activity (VWF:RCo) is the reference method. Recently, an automated latex particle-enhanced immunoturbidimetric von Willebrand factor activity assay (VWF:Ab) has been validated showing superior characteristics. We further validate VWF:Ab in a prospective study including post-treatment patient samples. Methods A total of 1151 samples were collected from patients tested for VWD, including 119 samples from patients treated with desmopressin or VWF replacement product. All samples were tested for VWF:Ab and VWF:RCo, and the methods were compared using linear regression. Imprecision, linearity and lower detection limit were determined for both assays. Results VWF:Ab showed improved precision compared to VWF:RCo. Linear regression of VWF:Ab and VWF:RCo across all samples exhibited good agreement (R2 = 0.89) with statistical significance (P < 0.001) and bias of −8.7. Concordance was high in classifying samples as normal or abnormal. Analysis of treated samples showed excellent agreement (R2 = 0.91) with statistical significance (P < 0.001) and bias of −4.3. Conclusions Our analysis validates the VWF:Ab assay in a prospective study of a large cohort of patient samples and extends these results to post-treatment patient samples.
A Joint Bayesian Model for Integrating Microarray and RNA Sequencing Transcriptomic Data

As the sequencing cost continued to drop in the past decade, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) has replaced microarray to become the standard high-throughput experimental tool to analyze transcriptomic profile. As more and more datasets are generated and accumulated in the public domain, meta-analysis to combine multiple transcriptomic studies to increase statistical power has received increasing popularity. In this article, we propose a Bayesian hierarchical model to jointly integrate microarray and RNA-seq studies. Since systematic fold change differences across RNA-seq and microarray for detecting differentially expressed genes have been previously reported, we replicated this finding in several real datasets and showed that incorporation of a normalization procedure to account for the bias improves the detection accuracy and power. We compared our method with the popular two-stage Fisher's method using simulations and two real applications in a histological subtype (invasive lobular carcinoma) of breast cancer comparing PR+ versus PR- and early-stage versus late-stage patients. The result showed improved detection power and more significant and interpretable pathways enriched in the detected biomarkers from the proposed Bayesian model.
Digital Colposcopy With Dynamic Spectral Imaging for Detection of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia 2+ in Low-Grade Referrals: The IMPROVE-COLPO Study.

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to determine, in a wide “real-world” setting, whether digital colposcopy with adjunctive dynamic spectral imaging (DSI) mapping increases the detection of women with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN).Materials and MethodsA multicenter, two-arm, obs
Paul Revere Osler: the other child.

Sir William Osler (1849–1919) is among the most honored and esteemed physicians of our time. His life, and that of his wife Grace Revere Osler (1854–1928), has been examined in great detail by historians and biographers and continues to be the subject of intensive scrutiny. Their son “Revere” (Edward Revere Osler) (1895–1917), who died in the Great War, is often mistakenly referred to as their only child. Grace had two previous pregnancies, having given birth to Paul Revere Osler, who lived but a week, early in their marriage in 1893 and to a stillborn infant during her first marriage to Dr. Samuel W. Gross in 1877. Information regarding these two events is often ill defined, cursory, or incorrect. New research provides further knowledge of these events and their impact, giving a fuller understanding and a more lucid historiography of the Oslers.
Teaching through Research: Alignment of Core Chemistry Competencies and Skills within a Multidisciplinary Research Framework

Innovative models of teaching through research have broken the long-held paradigm that core chemistry competencies must be taught with predictable, scripted experiments. We describe here five fundamentally different, course-based undergraduate research experiences that integrate faculty research projects, accomplish ACS accreditation objectives, provide the benefits of an early research experience to students, and have resulted in publishable findings. The model detailed is the Freshman Research Initiative (FRI) at The University of Texas at Austin. While there are currently 30+ active FRI research groups, or “streams”, we focus this report on five different chemistry streams in these four areas (organic, inorganic, analytical, and biochemistry) to demonstrate how general chemistry laboratory skills are taught in the context of these varied research disciplines. To illustrate the flexibility of the FRI model for teaching first-year chemistry, we show how each stream teaches students three different skills...
Prevalence and Predictors of Anxiety in Healthcare Professions Students

Abstract Purpose The prevalence and severity of anxiety among students is increasing. Elevated levels of anxiety may decrease students’ academic performance, professionalism, and their ability to manage elements of patient care. Anxiety and the impact of anxiety have been well studied in medical and nursing students, but it has not been investigated as much in other healthcare professions programs. The purpose of the study is to describe the prevalence and determine predictors of anxiety in healthcare professions students. Methods Three-hundred and fifty-one, first and second year Doctor of Physical Therapy, Master of Science in Communication Science Disorders, and Master of Physician Assistant studies students were recruited to participate during the fall semester. Fifty-two percent, or 183 students completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Westside Test Anxiety Scale (WTAS), the tools used to assess different anxiety levels. Results Fifty-one percent of females and 37.5% of males have at least moderately high test anxiety. Eighty-three percent of students have greater than normal State Anxiety and 56% of students have higher than normal Trait Anxiety levels. The regression models identified several variables for predicting WTAS, STAI-trait (STAI-T), and STAI-state (STAI-S) scores. However, a large part of variance was unaccounted for, indicating there are other factors contributing to anxiety were not assessed. Discussion Healthcare professions students have higher anxiety levels compared to normative values in the general population. Qualitative research to explore further the etiology of students’ anxiety is warranted.
Out of the Shadows? Revisiting the impact of the Brazilian SIMPLES program on firms’ formalization rates

Abstract A recent survey of programs aimed at helping small firms to formalize indicates that most programs fail at achieving this goal. One study reported that the Brazilian tax simplification program, SIMPLES, had a large effect on firms’ formalization rates. Using the same data set, another study concluded that the program had a limited effect on formalization rates. The aim of this paper is twofold: (a) to provide a thorough discussion of methodological issues that escaped the two previous evaluations of SIMPLES and (b) to suggest two alternative empirical strategies to deal with the identification problems present in the two studies. The main finding of this paper suggests that the program did not affect formalization rates. The large effects of the program on formalization rates found previously were likely confounded by measurement error in the assignment variable and seasonal shocks that affected more intensely the sectors that the reform initially targeted.
Gender moderates the association between distress tolerance and alcohol use among individuals with opioid use disorder.

Abstract Background Alcohol use among individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) can be dangerous, and understanding factors contributing to alcohol use in this population is important. The current study examined alcohol use among individuals with prescription OUD based on distress tolerance. It was hypothesized that individuals with greater distress tolerance abilities would have a lower frequency and quantity of alcohol use compared to individuals with less distress tolerance. It was also hypothesized that this association would differ based on gender. Methods A total of 122 individuals with prescription OUD participated in the current study. Participants completed questionnaires regarding demographics, distress tolerance, mental health symptoms, and frequency and quantity of alcohol in the past 30 days. A regression model was conducted using the alcohol-related variables as outcomes. Results There was a significant interaction between gender and distress tolerance on alcohol use frequency. Greater distress tolerance was associated with fewer alcohol use days in women, but there was no association between distress tolerance and alcohol use days in men. Conclusions The findings suggest that distress tolerance skills may be key to reducing alcohol use in women with prescription OUD.
Resuspension of particles: The range of validity of the quasi-stationary theories

Abstract The quasi-stationary approximations (QSA) (1, 2) for the resuspension of surface-borne or adsorbed particles provide simple expressions for the rate of escape of particles. These expressions are valid for sufficiently high potential barriers that cause the particles to be rather strongly bound to the surface; i.e., the expressions are valid for sufficiently small escape rates. However, the range of validity of these simple escape-rate expressions has never been established. This investigation establishes their range of validity.
Semantic Distances for Sets of Senses and Applications in Word Sense Disambiguation

There has been an increasing interest both from the Information Retrieval community and the Data Mining community in investigating possible advantages of using Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for enhancing semantic information in the Information Retrieval and Data Mining process. Although contradictory results have been reported, there are strong indications that the use of WSD can contribute to the performance of IR and Data Mining algorithms. In this paper we propose two methods for calculating the semantic distance of a set of senses in a hierarchical thesaurus and utilize them for performing unsupervised WSD. Initial experiments have provided us with encouraging results.
Changing role perceptions for parents of handicapped children.

Socialization to the role of parent of a handicapped child is usually a traumatic and conflict producing experience. There are both instrumental (technical) and expressive (emotional) aspects of th...
Calorimetric Measurement of Temperature Dependent Absorption in Copper

This paper reports the temperature dependence of optical absorption in copper as measured by laser rate calorimetry. It is found that the measured values of the temperature dependence agree well with the predictions of the simple Drude theory for wavelengths of 10.6 μm and 1.08 μm. At 0.647 μm the temperature dependence is stronger, due to the effect of interband transitions. Absolute values of the absorptance are measured to be somewhat higher than predicted by the simple Drude theory, indicating the importance of the anomalous skin effect and possibly other absorption mechanisms. After cycling to a temperature of 200°C or greater, a permanent increase in the room temperature absorptance is observed. This increased absorption is pronounced at 1.08 μm and 0.647 μm, whereas it is not observable at 10.6 μm. The permanent change is correlated with a change in the observed microstructure of the surface.
Demand-Side Management in The U.S.: Do We Have All the Answers?

The concept of demand-side management (DSM) has been used in the U.S. for more than twelve years. DSM’s initial proponents wanted utilities to understand the value of changes to electricity use patterns on the customer side of the meter, and to adjust their planning and operations accordingly. Later, the least cost planning (LCP) framework emerged to explicitly incorporate the effects of demand-side measures and assess the viability of different options in meeting future energy needs.
Modeling and Estimation of Interactions of Yule-Simon Processes

Yule-Simon processes are preferential attachment processes that can be represented as urn processes where balls are added to a growing number of urns and where a new ball is placed in an urn with probability that is proportional to the number of balls in the urn. In this paper, we consider Yule-Simon processes that interact with each other. We propose two models of interaction, a deterministic and a probabilistic model. Based on observed two processes, we want to determine if the two processes interact and the direction of the interaction. In the case of the probabilistic model, the objective is also to estimate the strength of the interaction. We present detection/estimation schemes for each model. We also provide simulation results that demonstrate the performance of our schemes.
Trimerization of dopamine transporter triggered by AIM-100 binding: Molecular mechanism and effect of mutations

Recent work demonstrated the propensity of dopamine transporters (DATs) to form trimers or higher oligomers, enhanced upon binding a furopyrimidine, AIM-100. AIM-100 binding promotes DAT endocytosis and thereby moderates dopaminergic transmission. Despite the neurobiological significance of these events, the molecular mechanisms that underlie the stabilization of DAT trimer and the key interactions that modulate the trimerization of DAT, and not serotonin transporter SERT, remain unclear. In the present study, we determined three structural models, termed trimer-W238, -C306 and -Y303, for possible trimerization of DATs . To this aim, we used structural data resolved for DAT and its structural homologs that share the LeuT fold, advanced computational modeling and simulations, site-directed mutagenesis experiments and live-cell imaging assays. The models are in accord with the versatility of LeuT fold to stabilize dimeric or higher order constructs. Selected residues show a high propensity to occupy interfacial regions. Among them, D231-W238 in the extracellular loop EL2, including the intersubunit salt-bridge forming pair D231/D232-R237 (not present in SERT) (in trimer-W238), the loop EL3 (trimers-C306 and -Y303), and W497 on the intracellularly exposed IL5 loop (trimer-C306) and its spatial neighbors (e.g. K525) near the C-terminus are computationally predicted and experimentally confirmed to play important roles in enabling the correct folding and/or oligomerization of DATs in the presence of AIM-100. The study suggests the possibility of controlling the effective transport of dopamine by altering the oligomerization state of DAT upon small molecule binding, as a possible intervention strategy to modulate dopaminergic signaling. This article is part of the issue entitled 'Special Issue on Neurotransmitter Transporters'.
72. IMPROVING COMPLIANCE: PEDIATRIC RESIDENT ACCOUNTABILITY USING PEER PRESSURE

University of Florida Pediatric Residency program developed peer groups, or collaborative professional communities (CPCs), to maintain compliance with mandatory tasks and improve overall resident wellness. Prior to 2017, residents were regularly reminded to complete mandatory tasks by the medical education staff. For the 2017-18 academic year, administrative pressure was replaced with peer pressure through the introduction of CPCs. CPCs meet for monthly educational events and compete for quarterly wellness prizes awarded to the CPC with the highest compliance in various work-related tasks. Pediatric residents were compared before and after the introduction of CPCs, corresponding to Post Graduate Year (PGY) 1,2 residents in the 2016-17 year and PGY 2,3 residents in 2017-18. Compliance was determined per resident for completion of 4 faculty evaluations per academic quarter and duty hour logging within 14 days. Yearly wellness data were collected by the Pediatric Residency Burnout Resilience Study Consortium (PRBRSC). The transition from administrative to peer pressure did not significantly change resident compliance with completion of quarterly faculty evaluations (Panel A). Though a reduction in duty hour logging compliance was observed, the decrease in compliance from 88% to 76% was not of practical significance (Panel B). Overall, residents reported no significant change in metrics of cognitive and effective mindfulness, resilience, perceived stress, spirituality, or physical and mental health. A reduction in burnout scores was reported for the PGY3 residents for the 2017-18 academic year (0%) compared to 2016-17 (31%). From these data, it would suggest that CPC activities have fostered team spirit that could improve resident well-being. Additionally, the transition to CPCs reduced the burden on staff to enforce compliance, anecdotally allowing for higher staff wellness. Peer pressure was determined to be sufficient for maintaining resident compliance and CPCs will continue to be utilized at our institution. Overall, our project established the usefulness of peer groups for the betterment of medical education programs.
Assessing the Association Between Maternal Education and Access to Pediatric Specialty Care.

Background. Timely access to pediatric specialty care continues to be a pervasive issue. We aimed to identify factors associated with unmet pediatric specialty care needs by assessing the associati...
waveSZ: a hardware-algorithm co-design of efficient lossy compression for scientific data

Error-bounded lossy compression is critical to the success of extreme-scale scientific research because of ever-increasing volumes of data produced by today's high-performance computing (HPC) applications. Not only can error-controlled lossy compressors significantly reduce the I/O and storage burden but they can retain high data fidelity for post analysis. Existing state-of-the-art lossy compressors, however, generally suffer from relatively low compression and decompression throughput (up to hundreds of megabytes per second on a single CPU core), which considerably restrict the adoption of lossy compression by many HPC applications especially those with a fairly high data production rate. In this paper, we propose a highly efficient lossy compression approach based on field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) under the state-of-the-art lossy compression model SZ. Our contributions are fourfold. (1) We adopt a wavefront memory layout to alleviate the data dependency during the prediction for higher-dimensional predictors, such as the Lorenzo predictor. (2) We propose a co-design framework named waveSZ based on the wavefront memory layout and the characteristics of SZ algorithm and carefully implement it by using high-level synthesis. (3) We propose a hardware-algorithm co-optimization method to improve the performance. (4) We evaluate our proposed waveSZ on three real-world HPC simulation datasets from the Scientific Data Reduction Benchmarks and compare it with other state-of-the-art methods on both CPUs and FPGAs. Experiments show that our waveSZ can improve SZ's compression throughput by 6.9X ~ 8.7X over the production version running on a state-of-the-art CPU and improve the compression ratio and throughput by 2.1X and 5.8X on average, respectively, compared with the state-of-the-art FPGA design.