cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
An examination of differences between adult and adolescent controls using the Diagnostic Drawing Series

Abstract The Diagnostic Drawing Series (DDS) was used to investigate differences between non-hospitalized adult and adolescent artwork. Using the complete DDS Revised Rating Guide (Cohen, 1994. The diagnostic drawing series rating guide .), a control group of 60 adult DDSs were compared to the DDSs of to 60 adolescents, ages 13–17. A chi-square analysis indicated statistically significant ( p
FROM HAMBURGER ALLEY TO HEDGEROSE HEIGHTS: TOWARD A MODEL OF RESTAURANT LOCATION DYNAMICS

The distribution of restaurants is the product of a complex interaction of traditional and non-traditional location factors. Much of the obvious locational disorder may be reduced by categorizing restaurants into those which feed the body, meals consumed for nourishment, and those which feed the soul, meals planned for aesthetic or social reasons. Accessibility, locational ambience, and demographic character of the population served are the primary locational considerations, although a variety of perceptual, psychological, and spatial elements are significant for particular types of restaurants and situations in Atlanta, GA.
An implementation of secondary tracks in an information technology degree program

This paper will layout the University of Cincinnati's efforts in creating the secondary track curriculum for an information technology degree program to be started in the autumn quarter of 2004. By secondary track, we are referring to coursework required by all information technology majors in their secondary area of specialization. Five options are made available to students as their secondary area: database management, digital media, networking, software development or web technologies. The work done creating this secondary track for students is based on ACM SIGITE's initial implementation of IT curriculum guidelines. Input for the secondary track curriculum was also obtained from faculty, students, and industry partners. Processes by which specific course offerings were chosen will be detailed; objectives of the secondary track courses, desired outcomes for students, content, and associated hands-on activities. In all, the paper will present a means by which the secondary track curriculum can be successfully implemented in information technology programs at other universities that are interested in such an endeavor.
Self-assembled structures of azobenzene amphiphiles : a new photorecording medium

The self-assembly of azobenzene amphiphiles by themselves and in the presence of a nonionic polymer has been studied. The conditions that yield homeotropic and uniaxial films, i.e., the optical properties of a single crystal, by spin-coating were identified. It is shown that these films constitute a very sensitive write and erase recording medium. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Superconducting powders generated by an aerosol process

Abstract An aerosol process has been used to generate fine YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7−δ superconducting powders by oxidizing a mixture of the three metal nitrates. X-ray diffraction patterns indicate that particles with the orthorhombic phase of YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7−δ could be successfully produced at temperatures of 920° C. Susceptibility measurements indicate that the superconducting transition temperature is 84 ±2 K. Measurements indicate that the particle size distribution is nearly lognormal with a volumetric mean size of 0.34 μm.
Critical parameter study of PWR primary coolant pipe leak failure using probabilistic fracture mechanics

Abstract This paper discusses the critical parameters which influence the failure probabilities of a PWR primary coolant loop. Probabilistic fracture mechanics (PFM) is applied for the parametric study, using the Monte Carlo program PRAISE to predict the failure probabilities of a PWR primary coolant loop from various distributions of input parameters. Parameters such as nondetection probability of preservice and inservice inspection, vibratory stress, residual stresses, and their correlations are extensively studied. Critical crack depth which causes immediate failure are calculated in the presence of various vibratory stresses with and without residual stresses. Crack growth schemes are determined with various initial defect depth and depth-length ratio as a function of plant operation time. The results show quantitatively how PWR primary coolant loop reliability can be greatly improved by increasing the sensitivity and decreasing the uncertainty of preservice nondestructive inspection.
Nonlinear Model and Simulation Experiment Research of Vibratory Rollers

On the basis of the relation between force and deformation when the plastic deformation of soil mass is studied, nonlinear vibration roller model is built. Based on one type vibratory rollers select the system parameters and calculate the natural frequency. And according to the selected numerical value proceed the numerical simulation with different excitation force frequencies. Meanwhile, obtain and analyze the experimental data according to the vibratory roller experiment. Then the system response characteristic of nonlinear vibration roller is obtained, and the availability of system model is checked. All above provide the valuable theoretical basis for the research of vibrating compacting.
Expression of CYP2M1, CYP2K1, and CYP3A27 in Brain, Blood, Small Intestine, and Other Tissues of Rainbow Trout

Expression of five constitutive forms of cytochrome P450 [LMC1 (CYP2M1), LMC2 (CYP2K1), LMC3, LMC4, and LMC5 (CYP3A27)] in selected tissues from sexually immature 2-year old female and male rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were examined at the translational level by Western blot using polyclonal antibodies raised in rabbits against those purified trout hepatic P450s. Tissues examined were from brain, liver, muscle, blood, head kidney, trunk kidney, upper intestine, stomach, heart, and gonad (ovary or testis). The results showed that the liver was the major organ for expression of all the trout P450s studied. Trunk kidney was the secondary expression site except for LMC5. Selective translational expression of these P450 isoforms or similar proteins was observed for LMC1 and LMC5 in brain; for LMC2 and LMC5 in female upper intestine; and for LMC2 in blood plasma of the fish studied under the experimental and sampling conditions.
Reconsidering Silent Sustained Reading: An Exploratory Study of Scaffolded Silent Reading.

The purpose of this study was to design, implement, and evaluate the efficacy of scaffolded silent reading (ScSR) compared with the evidence-based practice of guided repeated oral reading (GROR) with feedback on 3rd-grade students' fluency and comprehension growth. Using a mixed-model dominant-less dominant design, the authors collected both quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative results indicated no significant differences between these 2 forms of reading fluency practice on 3rd-grade students' fluency and comprehension development with the exception of 1 significant difference favoring ScSR on expression of a single passage. Qualitative results indicated that either ScSR or GROR approaches used exclusively tended toward tedium and reduced overall student enjoyment and motivation. The authors discuss how the ScSR approach represents a viable alternative or companion to GROR for promoting 3rd-grade students' reading fluency and comprehension growth.
High-resolution SH-wave seismic reflection investigations near a coal mine-related roadway collapse feature

Abstract We acquired crossline–crossline (SH–SH) shear-wave reflection data along a heavily trafficked section of Interstate highway 70 in eastern Ohio where the roadway had collapsed into underground coal-mine workings. We acquired these data to determine whether subsurface subsidence processes had continued at the collapse location after remediation, and to identify additional areas of potential collapse along this section of the roadway. A reflection correlating to the overburden and bedrock interface (above the mine workings) was consistently identified in raw field records, and our data processing and imaging targeted this high impedance contrast. Data quality was high enough to permit resolution of vertical offsets of 3–4 ft (0.91–1.2 m) and horizontal disruptions of about 20 ft (6.1 m) in the otherwise continuous bedrock horizon at two locations close to the previous collapse, suggesting a relatively high risk for future roadway failure in these areas. SH-wave data interpretations were supported by exploratory drilling results which confirmed that bedrock had subsided into underlying coal-mine workings at these two locations. Our results show that high-resolution SH-wave seismic reflection surveys can be effective for diagnosing mine-induced subsidence potential beneath heavily traveled roadways.
Low Cost Ka Band Transceiver for Digital Radios

The wireless revolution has created a number of new opportunities for microwave technology. Point to point radios have been used to connect cellular and PCN cell sites with the central switching station as well as for private data links. 15,18,23 and 38 GHz radio bands have emerged as internationally accepted bands for the emerging of wireless applications. Point to multi point radios are being used for the last mile access at 24, 28 and 38 GHz. The radios however need to be cost competitive to leasing equivalent wireline capacity from local telephone or cable TV companies. The most expensive component is the transceiver in these frequencies. In this paper we describes a low cost, high performance transceiver for the 38.6-40 GHz band. A high performance low cost transceiver is presented using thin film technology and standard semiconductor devices and MMICs. Design of various components is described and some of the system design considerations are discussed.
Race does not explain genetic heterogeneity in pharmacogenomic pathways

Introduction: Polymorphic alleles in the human genome have been identified as affecting numerous drug responses. Currently, genotyping of all patients before starting a drug regimen is impractical. Since many polymorphisms occur at varying rates in different racial groups, we investigated whether a patient’s race could predict presence of drug-relevant genetic variants well enough to be used as a substitute for individual genotyping. Methods: We performed hierarchical clustering and principal components analysis on tagSNPs from three pathways (irinotecan, 5-fluorouracil and insulin) across 270 individuals from four racial groups available from the International HapMap Project. Results: For the drug pathways, irinotecan and 5-fluorouracil, individuals from each race were widely dispersed, although several subclusters consisted entirely of individuals from a single racial group. Principal components analysis confirmed race was not a major contributor to the SNP data variance. Interestingly, individuals tend...
In Congress: Legislative update

For additional information on these bills, contact the sponsoring Member of Congress or committee indicated. All congressional and committee offices may be reached by telephoning 202-224-3121. For guidelines on writing to a Member of Congress, refer to AGU's Guide to Legislative Information and Contacts (Eos, August 28, 1984, p. 669).
The gratuitous relationship between Broca's aphasia and Broca's area

Many authors assume that Broca's area subserves the functions that are lost in patients with Broca's aphasia. This commentary attempts to clarify the relationship between Broca's area and Broca's aphasia and suggests that statements about the neurology of patients' specific language functions might be better supported by their individual structural neuroimaging data.
Identification of CD3+CD4-CD8- T cells as potential regulatory cells in an experimental murine model of graft-versus-host skin disease (GVHD)

We have developed K14-mOVA transgenic (Tg) mice that express membrane-associated ovalbumin (mOVA) under the control of a K14 promoter, as well as double Tg mice, by crossing them with OT-I mice that have a TCR recognizing the OVA peptide. When injected with CD8+ OT-I cells, K14-mOVA Tg mice develop graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), whereas double Tg mice are protected. This suggests that, in double Tg mice, regulatory mechanisms may prevent infused OT-I cells from inducing GVHD. We demonstrated that, after adoptive transfer, TCRαβ+CD3+CD4−CD8−NK1.1− double-negative (DN) T cells are increased in the peripheral lymphoid organs and skin of double Tg mice and exhibit a Vα2+Vβ5+TCR that has the same TCR specificity as OT-I cells. These DN T cells isolated from tolerant double Tg mice proliferated in response to OVA peptide and produced IFN-γ in the presence of IL-2. These cells could also suppress the proliferation of OT-I cells and were able to specifically kill activated OT-I cells through Fas/Fas ligand interaction. These findings suggest that DN T cells that accumulate in double Tg mice have regulatory functions and may have a role in the maintenance of peripheral tolerance in vivo.
The effects of ploidy level on the thermal distributions of brine shrimp Artemia parthenogenetica and its ecological implications

The effects of ploidy level on the thermal distributions of brine shrimp Artemia parthenogenetica and its ecological implications
Microscale synthesis of isotopically labeled R-[6-xH]N5,N10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate as a cofactor for thymidylate synthase

A one-pot synthesis of isotopically labeled R-[6-xH]N5,N10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate (CH2H4F) is presented, where x=1, 2, or 3 represents hydrogen, deuterium, or tritium, respectively. The current procedure offers high-yield, high-purity, and microscale-quantity synthesis. In this procedure, two enzymes were used simultaneously in the reaction mixture. The first was Thermoanaerobium brockii alcohol dehydrogenase, which stereospecifically catalyzed a hydride transfer from C-2-labeled isopropanol to the re face of oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate to form R-[4-xH]-labeled reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. The second enzyme, Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase, used the xH to reduce 7,8-dihydrofolate (H2F) to form S-[6-xH]5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate (S-[6-xH]H4F). The enzymatic reactions were followed by chemical trapping of S-[6-xH]H4F with formaldehyde to form the final product. Product purification was carried out in a single step by reverse phase high-pressure liquid chromatography separation followed by lyophilization. Two analytical methods were developed to follow the reaction progress. Finally, the utility of the labeled cofactor in mechanistic studies of thymidylate synthase is demonstrated by measuring the tritium kinetic isotope effect on the enzyme's second order rate constant.
SU-E-T-336: Transition From Frame Based SRS to Frameless SRS Procedures: A Community Based Hospital Experience

Purpose: The project intent is to transit from frame based SRS to frameless SRS procedure and workflow in a community hospital setting. Methods: The clinic has strong experience in a wide verity of frame based SRS procedures using Novalis 600N linac equipped with BrainLab Micro-MLC and ExacTrac systems. The addition of new Novalis TX system has opened an opportunity to explore and implement frameless SRS treatment procedure. Phantom End to End studies were performed for this purpose. A calibrated Ionization Chamber was inserted into the phantom and the phantom was positioned on the CT scan couch and SRS immobilization mask was made. A CT scan of the Immobilized phantom was generated with the localization box in place. The CT scan was localized and the ionization Chamber active volume was contoured as a target on the IPlan planning system. A 5 Dynamic Conformal Arcs plan was generated on the Iplan planning system. The Phantom was positioned on the treatment Couch with the SRS Mask and frameless array system in place, and the initial target treatment ISO position was achieved. The chamber was then connected to an electrometer. The two Orthogonal KV images were taken and the final treatment position was achieved within 1mm and 1 degree using ExacTrac. The Five arcs were delivered and the electrometer reading was noted. In addition, RPC SRS head phantom study was performed following RPC procedure. Results: The average absolute dose delivered to the in-house phantom target was in agreement within 1.5% of the planning dose. The RPC SRS phantom results were within the criteria set by RPC. Conclusion: This work gave the confidence to our clinic to move from invasive frame based to non invasive and efficient frameless SRS and SRT treatments. The clinic has now frameless SRS and SRT treatment procedures and workflow.
The person versus the situation in leadership.

Abstract In this exchange, Robert J. Sternberg and Victor Vroom exchange their views regarding leadership. An issue of particular salience in this exchange is the role of the person versus the situation in leadership. Sternberg brings to the table a more person-oriented view, Vroom, a more situation-oriented view. The exchange leads to a consensus that emphasizes the importance of person–situation interaction.
Subchronic Jp-8 Jet Fuel Exposure Enhances Vulnerability To Noise-Induced Hearing Loss In Rats

Both laboratory and epidemiological studies published over the past two decades have identified the risk of excess hearing loss when specific chemical contaminants are present along with noise. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potency of JP-8 jet fuel to enhance noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) using inhalation exposure to fuel and simultaneous exposure to either continuous or intermittent noise exposure over a 4-wk exposure period using both male and female Fischer 344 rats. In the initial study, male (n = 5) and female (n = 5) rats received inhalation exposure to JP-8 fuel for 6 h/d, 5 d/wk for 4 wk at concentrations of 200, 750, or 1500 mg/m3. Parallel groups of rats also received nondamaging noise (constant octave band noise at 85 dBlin) in combination with the fuel, noise alone (75, 85, or 95 dB), or no exposure to fuel or noise. Significant concentration-related impairment of auditory function measured by distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) and compound action potential ...
On a problem of Woodin

A question of Woodin asks if $\kappa$ is strongly compact and GCH holds for all cardinals $\delta < \kappa$ , then must GCH hold everywhere. We get a negative answer to Woodin's question in the context of the negation of the Axiom of Choice.
Operant conditioning of a multiple degree-of-freedom brain-machine interface in a primate model of amputation

Operant conditioning with biofeedback has been shown to be an effective method to modify neural activity to generate goal-directed actions in a brain-machine interface. It is particularly useful when neural activity cannot be mathematically mapped to motor actions of the actual body such as in the case of amputation. Here, we implement an operant conditioning approach with visual feedback in which an amputated monkey is trained to control a multiple degree-of-freedom robot to perform a reach-to-grasp behavior. A key innovation is that each controlled dimension represents a behaviorally relevant synergy among a set of joint degrees-of-freedom. We present a number of behavioral metrics by which to assess improvements in BMI control with exposure to the system. The use of non-human primates with chronic amputation is arguably the most clinically-relevant model of human amputation that could have direct implications for developing a neural prosthesis to treat humans with missing upper limbs.
Secondary graphitization in mantle-derived rocks

The assemblage magnesite + "graphite" ± CH4 has been identified by laser Raman microprobe spectroscopy in fluid inclusions in olivine grains in the Kao kimberlite and the Duluth Complex troctolite. In both cases, the assemblage (essentially Eggler's EMOG oxygen-fugacity buffer) is believed to arise from secondary reactions rather than from primary igneous processes. The known stability field in P-T-f O2 space of the EMOG buffer, coupled with some other petrologic constraints imposed by the host rocks, indicates in both cases that the carbon-bearing assemblage was precipitated at low pressures and temperatures (≤2 kbar,≤550 °C) at oxygen fugacities within about 1 log ( f O2) unit below the fayalite-magnetite-quartz (FMQ) buffer. The laser Raman microprobe provides compositional and structural data on the coexisting phases (including carbon) that further constrain the stability field of the natural assemblages.
Message from the Demonstrations chair

It is my pleasure to welcome you to the sixth Demonstration Session at the IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN) 2014. We were looking for demonstrations for all topics covered by the main conference as well as all the workshops held in conjunction with the conference. The technical demonstrations were strongly encouraged to show innovative and original research. The main purpose of the demo session is to provide demonstrations that validate important research issues and/or show innovative prototypes.
Sodium citrate premedication in elective caesarean section patients.

The pH and volume of gastric contents from thirty-three patients undergoing elective caesarean section with thiopentone, nitrous oxide, succinylcholine anaesthesia were examined. Twenty patients received Gelusil® 30 ml by mouth and thirteen patients received 30 ml of a 0.15 molar solution of sodium citrate. Following tracheal intubation, gastric fluid was sampled through an 18 French Salem sump tube placed orally.
Characterization of Moderately Thermophilic Bacteria Isolated from Saline Hot Spring in Japan

Twelve strains of moderately thermophilic bacteria were isolated from saline hot springs (55°C, pH 8.3) located in Odaito, Hokkaido, Japan. Based on their 16S rRNA gene sequences, all the strains were closely related phylogenetically each other, indicating that the strains belong to a single species. However, maximal growth temperature and enzymatic characteristics of individual strains were slightly different each other. Some of them grew well at 55°C but others did not. The β-galactosidase activity was also different among the strains. Therefore, the representative strains BEK6 and BEK11 were chosen from individual phenotype groups, and were used for further characterization. The nucleotide sequence of full-length 16S rRNA genes of the representative strains showed 96.6% similarity with Bacillus alveayuensis indicating that the strains belong to a novel species of the genus Bacillus . The cells were Gram positive, and showed both catalase and oxidase activities. The optimal growth temperature and pH of strain BEK6 and BEK11 were around 50°C and 7-8, respectively. They were able to grow in the medium containing 10% NaCl in contrast to B. alveayuensis which can grow in the medium with up to 4% NaCl. The strain BEK11 showed relatively strong protease and amylase activities implying the potential industrial uses of these enzymes under the saline condition.
Verification of large synthesized designs

The problem of checking equality of Boolean functions can be solved successfully using existing techniques for only a limited range of examples. We extend the range by using a test generator and the divide and conquer paradigm.
FT-EPR Study of the Photochemical Homolysis of Re- and Ru-Alkyl Bonds in Re(R)(CO)3(a-Diimine) and Ru(I)(R)(CO)2(a-Diimine) Complexes. Evidence for the Reactive s(M-R)?* State.

A Fourier transform EPR (FT-EPR) study was made of the photochemistry of Re(R)(CO){sub 3}({alpha}-diimine) and Ru(I)(R)(CO){sub 2}({alpha}-diimine) complexes, where R = benzyl, 2-propyl, or ethyl and {alpha}-diimine = 4,4`-dimethyl-2, 2`-bipyridine or N,N`-diisopropyl-1,4-diazabutadiene. The FT-EPR technique was used to monitor the formation and decay of alkyl radicals generated by metal-R bound homolysis. The spectra showed pronounced chemically induced dynamic electron polarization (CIDEP) effects with polarization patterns that depend strongly on metal ion, alkyl substituent, and solvent. To varying degrees, all spectra shows a contribution form ST{sub 0} radical pair mechanism (RPM) CIDEP. From the low-field-emission/high-field-adsorption polarization pattern given by this mechanism, it can be deduced that the free radicals are formed via a triplet-state precursor, confirming conclusions reached in earlier spectroscopic studies. In addition to the RPM contribution, some spectra also show a net-absorptive CIDEP contribution while others show a net-emissive contribution. These net spin polarization contributions are attributed tentatively to triplet mechanism and spin-orbit coupling CIDEP. From the fact that the alkyl radical spectra exhibit strong spin polarization, it is concluded that metal ion atomic orbital contributions to the electronic states of precursor triplet and radical pair must be small. 17 refs., 4 figs.
Antitumor agents LIV: The effects of daphnoretin on in vitro protein synthesis of ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells and other tissues

Daphnoretin has been shown to suppress Ehrlich ascites carcinoma growth in mice. One of the modes of action of the drug is to block protein synthesis; however, the inhibition of protein synthesis requires a higher concentration of drug than the inhibition of DNA synthesis. The inhibition of protein synthesis appears to occur during the elongation step with the drug preferentially binding to free ribosomes not engaged in active protein synthesis.
Unified Colored Timed Petri net models for the adaptive control of disassembly systems

A method is presented for the robust control of a disassembly system that undergoes process plan variations due to heterogeneity of demands and product conditions. Two colored timed Petri net (CTPN) models is proposed and extended for the hierarchical modeling of both the system architecture and disassembly plans corresponding to the products to be processed. To address the high levels of uncertainty inherent in the operation of the disassembly system, a hybrid Bayesian network (HBN) is adopted to intercommunicate with the two CTPN models, allowing the system to exploit any newly available information for future decision-makings. An algorithm is then introduced to maximize the expected returns from the disassembly process while efficiently utilizing the system resource to fulfill order requirement.
Polarization corrosion of the iron-nickel alloy in Na 3 AlF 6 -based system molten salts

Fe-Ni (with different wt.%) alloys were prepared by powder metallurgy process and used as anode for aluminum electrolysis. Electrolysis polarization of these anodes was conducted for 12 hours at 850 oC in a Na3AlF6-based molten salt. The anodic current density was 0.75 A/cm2. At the initial stage, the corrosion rate decreased with increasing ratio of Fe to Ni in the alloy, when the ratio of Fe to Ni was 1.42, the lowest value of the corrosion rate with 21mm/a was obtained. Then corrosion rate increased with increasing ratio of Fe to Ni. The analysis of Electron Probe Micro-analyzer and X-Ray Diffraction showed that the film formed on the anodic surface consisted of iron oxide as outer layer, and nickel oxide and nickel ferrite spinel as inner layer. The metal anode presented good performance in terms of anti-oxidation and corrosion resistance, and the purity of the produced aluminum was 98%.
The thermodynamics and kinetics of the dehydration of CsH2PO4 studied in the presence of SiO2

The thermodynamic and kinetics of the dehydration and hydration of CsH_(2)PO_(4) is investigated by thermogravimetric, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction analysis in the temperature range of 200 to 400 °C, water partial pressure range of 0.06 to 0.90 atm. SiO_(2) powder was added to CsH_(2)PO_(4) to accelerate both dehydration and hydration. When dehydrated in the presence of SiO_(2), CsH_(2)PO_(4) has a fine microstructure (~200 nm feature size), and no reaction between CsH2PO4 and SiO_(2) is observed. By making use of the enhanced kinetics afforded by SiO_(2), the phase boundary between CsH_(2)PO_(4), CsPO_(3) and dehydrated liquid was precisely determined. The triple point connecting these phases is located at pH2O = 0.35 ± 0.2 atm and T = 267.5 ± 1.0 °C. The stability of CsH2PO4 and the liquid dehydrate, CsH_(2(1−x))PO_(4−x)(l), were confirmed by the complete reversal of dehydration to recover these phases in the appropriate temperature and water partial pressure ranges. Rehydration and conversion of CsPO3(s) to CsH2PO4(s) occur over a period of several hours, depending on temperature, water partial pressure, and morphology of the metaphosphate. High pH2O and small particles favor rapid dehydration, whereas the temperature dependence of the rehydration kinetics is non-monotonic, reaching its fastest rate in the vicinity of the superprotonic transition.
Rip currents and rip channel morphodynamics under quasi-steady conditions

We developed a realistic test case for morphodynamic predictions of short-term bathymetry evolution associated with quasi-steady rip currents. Assuming stationary forcing, predictions made by the coupled wave-hydrodynamic-morphodynamic model Delft3D are compared with surf zone morphological change inferred from quarterly in-situ bathymetrie surveys. The model gives plausible two-dimensional hydrodynamic predictions with offshore currents being strongest in the rip channels. When the default wave-induced bed-load transport is included the model predicts accretion on the bar similar to the observations but the predicted sandbar amplitude grows unrealistically. Both with and without wave-induced transport, the model underestimates the erosion in the rip channels.1
High surface area carbon aerogels as porous substrates for direct growth of carbon nanotubes

Novel carbon composites are fabricated through catalyzed CVD growth of carbon nanotubes directly on the inner surfaces of monolithic carbon aerogel (CA) substrates. Uniform CNT yield is obtained throughout the internal pore volume of CA monoliths with macroscopic dimensions. These composites possess large surface areas (>1000 m2 g−1) and exhibit enhanced electrical conductivity following CNT growth.
What Is Resilience and How Does It Relate to the Refugee Experience? Historical and Theoretical Perspectives

In this chapter, the historical and theoretical foundations of the construct of resilience in North American social sciences are examined. Although the contemporary use of the term did not emerge until the 1960s, there is a longer tradition of theorizing on topics that are conceptually related to resilience. In the 1980s, research that shaped our contemporary understanding of resilience was conducted. Developmental scientists from various disciplines now dominate the field, resulting in a major focus on children and youth while leaving a noticeable gap in understanding resilience in adulthood. Implications for understanding refugee resiliency are discussed.
Real-Time Estimation of Temporal Word Boundaries Without Linguistic Knowledge

A novel real-time algorithm has been developed for estimating temporal word boundaries in measured speech without the need for interpretation of individual words. This algorithm is the foundational building block of a method for estimating a variety of key metrics such as word production rate, phrase production rate, words per phrase, etc., that are indicative of human mental states. In particular, we are interested in developing a system for monitoring locomotive crew alertness. The majority of existing speech processing algorithms relies on pre-recorded speech corpora. The real-time algorithm presented here is unique in that it employs a simple and efficient pattern matching method to identify temporal word boundaries by monitoring threshold crossings in the speech power signal. This algorithm eliminates the need to interpret the speech, and still produces reasonable estimates of word boundaries. The proposed algorithm has been tested with a batch of experimentally recorded speech data and with real time speech data. The results from the testing are outlined in this paper.© 2008 ASME
Virus-specific T-cell banks for 'off the shelf' adoptive therapy of refractory infections.

Adoptive immunotherapy with transplant donor-derived virus-specific T cells has emerged as a potentially curative approach for the treatment of drug-refractory EBV+lymphomas as well as CMV and adenovirus infections complicating allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplants. Adoptive transfer of HLA partially matched virus-specific T cells from healthy third party donors has also shown promise in the treatment of these conditions, with disease response rates of 50–76% and strikingly low incidences of toxicity or GVHD recorded in initial trials. In this review, we examine the reported experience with transplant donor and third party donor-derived virus-specific T cells, identifying characteristics of the viral pathogen, the T cells administered and the diseased host that contribute to treatment response or failure. We also describe the characteristics of virus-specific T-cell lines in our center’s bank and the frequency with which in vitro culture promotes expansion of immunodominant T cells specific for epitopes that are presented by a limited array of prevalent HLA alleles, which facilitates their broad applicability for treatment.
Scene Matching Algorithm Based on Bifurcation Extraction

Due to reducing disturbing of nonzero Gauss noise is not evident with Traditional Hausdorff distance,and matching precision can not be applied to the inertial navigation,an improved approach weighted Hausdorff distance algorithm based on characteristic extraction is proposed,and the weighted formula is given.This approach can effectively match image which is stained by non-gauss noise,and enhance precision and speed of scene matching and robust of algorithm.Experimental results show the efficiency and practicability of this algorithm.
Parameterizing liquid crystal variable retarder structural organization with a fractal-Born approximation model

Liquid crystal variable retarders (LCVRs) are computer-controlled birefringent devices that contain nanometer-sized birefringent liquid crystals (LCs). These devices impart retardance effects through a global, uniform orientation change of the LCs, which is based on a user-defined drive voltage input. In other words, the LC structural organization dictates the device functionality. The LC structural organization also produces a spectral scatter component which exhibits an inverse power law dependence. We investigate LC structural organization by measuring the voltage-dependent LC spectral scattering signature with an integrating sphere and then relate this observable to a fractal-Born model based on the Born approximation and a Von Karman spectrum. We obtain LCVR light scattering spectra at various drive voltages (i.e., different LC orientations) and then parameterize LCVR structural organization with voltage-dependent correlation lengths. The results can aid in determining performance characteristics of systems using LCVRs and can provide insight into interpreting structural organization measurements.
Persistent Acid-Fast Bacilli Following Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin

AbstractIntravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin immunotherapy has great efficacy in the treatment of superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. We report a case of persistent acid-fast bacilli contained within granulomas of the bladder, prostate and epididymides 1 year after treatment with intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin. Although commonly encountered immediately after therapy, there are no reported cases of persistent acid-fast bacilli following intravesical administration of bacillus C almette-Guerin.
Determination of a Testing Threshold for Lumbar Puncture in the Diagnosis of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage after a Negative Head Computed Tomography: A Decision Analysis.

Objective The objective was to determine the testing threshold for lumbar puncture (LP) in the evaluation of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) after a negative head computed tomography (CT). As a secondary aim we sought to identify clinical variables that have the greatest impact on this threshold. Methods A decision analytic model was developed to estimate the testing threshold for patients with normal neurologic findings, being evaluated for SAH, after a negative CT of the head. The testing threshold was calculated as the pretest probability of disease where the two strategies (LP or no LP) are balanced in terms of quality-adjusted life-years. Two-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses (PSAs) were performed. Results For the base-case scenario the testing threshold for performing an LP after negative head CT was 4.3%. Results for the two-way sensitivity analyses demonstrated that the test threshold ranged from 1.9% to 15.6%, dominated by the uncertainty in the probability of death from initial missed SAH. In the PSA the mean testing threshold was 4.3% (95% confidence interval = 1.4% to 9.3%). Other significant variables in the model included probability of aneurysmal versus nonaneurysmal SAH after negative head CT, probability of long-term morbidity from initial missed SAH, and probability of renal failure from contrast-induced nephropathy. Conclusions Our decision analysis results suggest a testing threshold for LP after negative CT to be approximately 4.3%, with a range of 1.4% to 9.3% on robust PSA. In light of these data, and considering the low probability of aneurysmal SAH after a negative CT, classical teaching and current guidelines addressing testing for SAH should be revisited.
AIDS update: HTLV-III testing, immune globulins and employees with AIDS.

As we have become experienced in dealing with AIDS, we have learned that early concern over employees who refuse to care for patients with AIDS was merely the tip of the iceberg from the infection control standpoint. During the past 5 years, additional questions and concerns have been raised regarding employee health and AIDS. An interesting body of literature has emerged recently that discusses many of these current employee health issues. Some of these questions have been answered in major communications in The New England Journal of Medicine , the Journal of the American Medical Association , and The Lancet . Many other topics have been covered in short communications in letters to the editor in these same journals and in the CDC's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) . When taken together, this writing presents a very clear picture of what is happening with AIDS in the health care arena. It is obvious that most of the concerns regarding AIDS in health care settings can be answered by taking a close look at the available epidemiologic data. It is important to remember that the decision-making process related to AIDS is easier if we try to separate the emotional issues surrounding the disease from the scientific data available.
Transventricular Approaches to Pulmonary Valve Replacement

With over 100,000 Americans currently surviving with repaired tetralogy of Fallot and ever-lowering thresholds for pulmonary valve replacement, interventions on the right ventricular outflow tract will continue to drive the practice of reoperative congenital cardiac care well into the future. The natural evolution of improving surgical and transcatheter techniques is for surgical approaches to become more minimally invasive and transcatheter approaches to become bolder and more complex. Yet both interventional and surgical approaches have inherent limitations. The ability to combine these two skills with a team approach helps to minimize the limitations of each approach and maximize the patient benefit and has been described as the hybrid approach. This chapter will review the indications for a hybrid approach to pulmonary valve replacement and detail the surgical and interventional considerations, including preplanning, equipment, technique, and potential pitfalls.
Biocompatible Carbon Dots with Diverse Surface Modification

In this paper, hydrothermal method has been employed to synthesize oxygen-modified carbon dots (O-CDs) from citric acid and nitrogen and sulfur modified carbon dots (N,S-CDs) from citric acid and cysteine. Both as-prepared carbon dots achieve naked-eye observable blue-green luminescence. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) are used to exhibit the chemical composition of carbon dots. The structure and size of both carbon dots are similar via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS), which indicates that the function of size effect can be neglected in this study. Fluorescence properties, UV-vis absorption and solubility are systemically studied to investigate the influence of surface modification. The N,S-CDs show high quantum yield and excitation independent photoluminescence, however, the O-CDs present low quantum yield and excitation dependent photoluminescence, and both carbon dots achieve strong photo-stability. The cytotoxicity of carbon dots is also performed on U87-MG brain tumor cells, which shows that both carbon dots process good biocompatibility and low toxicity in live cell. The bright cellular imaging photos indicate that both carbon dots have great potential to serve as high quality optical imaging probes.
The synergies between human development, economic growth, and tourism within a developing country: An empirical model for ecuador

Abstract This study uses a co-integration methodology with an error-correction model to assess the dynamic relationship between human development, economic growth, and tourism in Ecuador. There have been numerous studies explaining how economic growth can affect various dimensions of human development. Further, additional arguments have been generated to indicate that tourism may also be the vehicle with which to impact human development and economic growth. However, the literature on the nexus between human development, economic growth, and tourism is riddled with mixed results. The results from this study suggest the presence of three unique long-run relationships. First, tourism does not promote human development. Instead, it is the degree and measure of human development that promotes tourism by creating a lopsided relationship. Second, a virtuous cycle between human development and economic growth exists. Third, the study found a unidirectional causality supporting the economics-driven tourism growth, meaning that tourism growth is a product of economic growth but not vice versa. The study concludes with implications for tourism development in the case of Ecuador.
Internet-Based Radicalization as Enculturation to Violent Deviant Subcultures

ABSTRACTThis work examines the intersections of subcultural theories and radicalization theories from terrorism studies to identify how they may be improved through integration. To date there have been almost no efforts to merge these frameworks, though terrorism shares common characteristics of deviant subcultures. Both are driven by ideologies that are in opposition to that of their targets. We focus particularly on the process of online radicalization to assess how subcultural research in online environments may inform the process of enculturation into a terrorist belief system. We conclude by discussing the implications of this expansion for research on terrorism and subcultures.
Level of Integration of Community Health Workers in Missouri Health Systems.

The purpose of this study was to describe the level of integration of community health workers (CHWs) into Missouri public healthcare systems using a cross-sectional survey research design. Representatives of all Missouri Local Public Health Agencies, Rural Health Clinics, and Federally Qualified Health Centers were pre-contacted by telephone to provide the electronic mail of the most knowledgeable person in the facility/location to complete a brief electronic survey on their use of CHWs. 103 representatives of the 273 (37.7% response rate) contacted from the health systems completed the Profile of Community Health Workers in Missouri Health Systems to assess role, professional development, and information needs of CHWs used in the key informants’ agencies. An Abridged Survey was created for participants who responded to the survey but indicated that CHWs were not currently working for their organization. Descriptive statistics and measures of central tendency were computed. Only 16% (16/103) of participants noted that CHWs were employed in their organizations; and most CHWs connected people with services, served low-income and rural populations, and addressed heart disease issues. Participants who did not currently employ CHWs indicated they did not anticipate needing them in the near future. Of those utilizing CHWs, most perceived CHWs have a vital role in healthcare (M = 4.27/5.0, SD = 0.64) but securing sustainable funding for CHWs was challenging (M = 4.18/5.0, SD = 0.87). Utilization of CHWs in Missouri healthcare systems is limited. If their role in Missouri healthcare systems is to expand, a campaign to educate on their role and value is needed.
Kappa opioid receptors expressed on three related thymoma cell lines: Differences in receptor-effector coupling

Abstract The mouse thymoma R1.1 cell line was shown previously to express a single high-affinity K 1 opioid receptor that is negatively coupled through a pertussis toxin-sensitive G-protein to adenylyl cyclase. This study compared opioid receptor binding and inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity in three unique derivatives of the R1.1 cell line. Membranes from the R1.G1 and R1E/TL8x.1.G1.OUA r .1 (R1EGO) cell lines bound both [ 3 H]U69,593 and [ 3 H](−)-bremazocine with similar affinities compared with R1.1 membranes, whereas membranes from the R1E/TL8x.1 (R1E) cell line did not posses any opioid binding sites, detected by radioreceptor binding. The B max values for [ 3 H]U69,593 and [ 3 H](−)-bremazocine binding to R1.G1 and R1EGO cell membranes were, respectively, 3- and 6-fold greater than those obtained with the parent R1.1 cell line. GTP and its nonhydrolyzable analog, Gpp(NH)p, inhibited [ 3 H]U69,593 binding to all three cell lines. Stimulation of low- K m GTPase activity by the k -selective agonist (−)U50,488 was greatest in R1.G1 membranes, followed by R1EGO and R1.1. The maximal inhibition of forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity by (−)U50,488 was 66 ± 2% in R1.G1 and 49 ± 2% in R1EGO, compared with 37 ± 1% in R1.1 membranes. Whereas maximal inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity did not correlate with receptor number among cell lines, the inhibition of cyclic AMP production did correlate with stimulation of low- K m GTPase activity. The R1.1 cell line and its derivatives, R1.G1 and R1EGO, express a similar type of k opioid receptor, which exhibits differences in coupling to G-proteins and to adenylyl cyclase among cell lines. These cell lines provide an excellent model system for studying the regulation of opioid receptor-adenylyl cyclase coupling efficiency.