cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Fundamental Solution of the Linearized Navier–Stokes Equations for Spinning Bodies in Three Spatial Dimensions – Time Dependent Case

Explicit formulae for the fundamental solution of the linearized time dependent Navier–Stokes equations in three spatial dimensions are obtained. The linear equations considered in this paper include those used to model rigid bodies that are translating and rotating at a constant velocity. Estimates extending those obtained by Solonnikov in [23] for the fundamental solution of the time dependent Stokes equations, corresponding to zero translational and angular velocity, are established. Existence and uniqueness of solutions of these linearized problems is obtained for a class of functions that includes the classical Lebesgue spaces Lp(R3), 1 < p < ∞. Finally, the asymptotic behavior and semigroup properties of the fundamental solution are established.
Free clinics: a national survey.

ABSTRACT Objectives To describe the scope and value of services provided by free clinics across the United States. Methods Mail survey of directors of free clinics registered in the Free Clinic Directory of the Free Clinic Foundation of America, November 2001, concerning the calendar year 2001. Results Eighty two percent (281/355) of clinics responded. Seventy five percent of clinics described their target population as the “uninsured” and 23% as “low income”. Fifty five percent had income based eligibility criteria of 200% Federal poverty level or less. Clinics provided a mean of 5,989 patient visits/year and 11,202 prescriptions/year to 2,311 unique patients. 61.8% of patients were female, 80.4% between ages 19 to 64, 55.1% white, 21.8% black, and 18.7% Hispanic. Clinics were open 29.7 hours/week, 4.1 days/week, and 32.9% had a licensed pharmacy. The mean annual budget was $458,028 and clinics were staffed by 156.7 volunteers and 6.9 paid employees per clinic. Conclusions Free clinics have become an established part of the safety net for the uninsured. The differences among the clinics are striking, supporting the conclusion that a variety of approaches to the care of the underserved can be used. However, despite their efforts, the responding free clinics manage to provide care to only 650,000 of the nation's41 million uninsured.
Segregation of a Random Copolymer from Miscible Blends

Thin film bilayers of deuterated polystyrene (dPS) and blends of deuterated poly(methyl methacrylate) (dPMMA) with a compositionally symmetric random copolymer of styrene and methyl methacrylate (P[S0.49-ran-MMA]) were investigated by neutron reflectivity. Copolymer segregation to the free surface occurs upon spin-coating blends onto silicon substrates. Annealing the bilayers to equilibrium at 150 °C increases the segregation of the copolymer from the blend layers to the interface with dPS. Blends containing 5 and 10 vol % copolymer both exhibit this segregation behavior. For these blend compositions the interfacial segregation of copolymer from the miscible blends is insufficient to form a discrete layer. These results suggest that this random copolymer would be an interfacial specific additive.
When Do Incentives Corrupt

Analyzing incentives in terms of power rather than as trades, Grant concludes that their use to further desired social and political goals raises some ethical concerns.
Bupropion, d-amphetamine, and amitriptyline-induced conditioned taste aversion in rats: Dose effects

Nine groups of rats (n = 6 per group) were adapted to a daily one-half hour period of water availability. When intake had stabilized, they were allowed access to a 0.1% (w/v) solution of saccharin, and immediately afterward were given IP injections of isotonic saline; bupropion HCl (10.0, 20.0, or 40.0 mg/kg); d-amphetamine-sulfate (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg/kg); or amitriptyline HCl (5.0, 10.0, or 20.0 mg/kg) in a volume of 1 ml. The lowest dose of each compound as chosen to be equipotent in screening tests used to identify potential antidepressants. Following 2 days of access to water alone, all groups were given a choice between water and saccharin for 3 consecutive days. All compounds induced taste aversions in a dose-related manner, but amitriptyline induced greater and longer-lasting aversions than either bupropion or d-amphetamine which were equipotent over the dose range studied. As such, this is the first demonstration that bupropion and amitriptyline, two clinically effective antidepressants, can induce taste aversions and replicates as well the common finding that d-amphetamine has substantial taste aversion-inducing properties. The ability of these compounds to induce taste aversions could be mediated through their effects on central catecholaminergic processes although amitriptyline has significant peripheral anticholinergic effects.
Liquid-crystalline polyethers based on conformational isomerism: 11. Isomorphism in liquid-crystal polyethers and copolyethers based on 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(2-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane and α,ω-dibromoalkanes

Abstract The isomorphism of polyether chains based on 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(2-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane (MBPE) and α,ω-dibromoalkanes (MBPE-X, MBPE-X/Y(A/B) and MBPE-X/Y/Z(A/B/C), where X, Y, Z are the number of methylene units in the spacer and A/B/C the molar ratio between each spacer), most of which display virtual mesophases, was investigated in their crystalline and liquid-crystalline phases. Binary mixtures of polyethers with even-even, even-odd and odd-odd spacers, binary copolyethers and polyethers, binary copolyethers and copolyethers, ternary copolyethers and polyethers, and ternary mixtures of polyethers were all investigated. Out of 20 mixtures studied, only eight were isomorphic either within both their crystalline and liquid-crystalline phases or within only their liquid-crystalline or crystalline phases. The mixtures displaying isomorphism are: MBPE-7/MBPE-9, MBPE-8/MBPE-10, MBPE-5/13(50/50)/MBPE-9/11(50/50), MBPE-5(33)/MBPE-7(33)/MBPE-9(33), MBPE-5/7/9(33/33/33)/MBPE-5, MBPE-5/7/9(33/33/33)/MBPE-7, BPE-8/10(50/50)/MBPE-8/16(50/50) and MBPE-5/7/9(33/33/33)/MBPE-9. In the case of mixtures of homopolymers, the tendency towards isomorphism increases with the decrease of the difference between the spacer length and parity. In the case of mixtures of copolymers with copolymers and of copolymers with homopolymers the tendency towards isomorphism increases by increasing the number of flexible spacers from the copolymer. By analogy with copolymers containing structural units that are isomorphous within mesomorphic phases, mixtures of polymer chains that display virtual mesophases and are isomorphic in their mesophase can be used to determine virtual mesomorphic phase transition temperatures and thermodynamic parameters of the parent homopolymers.
Quantum relativistic action at a distance

A well-known relativistic action at a distance interaction of two unequal masses is altered so as to yield purely Newtonian radial forces with fixed particle rest masses in the system center-of-momentum inertial frame. Although particle masses experience no kinematic mass increase in this frame, speeds are naturally restricted to less than the speed of light. We derive a relation between the center-of-momentum frame total Newtonian energy and the composite rest mass. In a new proper time quantum formalism, we obtain an L2(R4 ⊗ R4, C) Hilbert space by varying individual particle rest masses. We propose the use of density operators, recognizing that the auxiliary proper time parameter is not an observable. The quantum formalism is applied to our altered version of the relativistic harmonic oscillator. Our generalized coherent states yield four-dimensional wave packets which follow the correct classical world lines. Appendices contain reviews of classical Hamiltonian reparametrization (incorporating our notion of manifest covariance), and a comparison of this work with the literature.
Are All Subtypes Created Equal? The Effectiveness of Antiretroviral Therapy against Non–Subtype B HIV-1

Currently, 24 active antiretroviral agents are available for use in the United States. These agents target and interrupt an array of HIV functions, including reverse transcription, proteolysis, envelope fusion, and integration [1]. When used in a variety of combinations, these agents have greatly reduced the morbidity and mortality associated with natural HIV infection in the United States [2]. In this issue of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Geretti et al. [3] demonstrate in an observational study that modern combination antiretroviral therapy works, even when the infecting virus is non–subtype B HIV-1. Specifically, this study examined the rates of viral suppression with antiretroviral therapy during infection with subtypes A, C, and D and with the circulating recombinant form (CRF) 02_AG. This is important, because modern antiretroviral therapy was developed on the basis of investigations of subtype B HIV-1 infection, even though this subtype accounts for only 12% of worldwide infections and is almost nonexistent in many regions [4].
Data driven design optimization methodology a dynamic data driven application system

Engineering design optimization using concurrent integrated experiment and simulation is a Dynamic Data Driven Application System (DDDAS) wherein remote experiment and simulation can be synergistically utilized in real-time to achieve better designs in less time than conventional methods. The paper describes the Data Driven Design Optimization Methodology (DDDOM) being developed for engineering design optimization.
MOGAC: a multiobjective genetic algorithm for hardware-software cosynthesis of distributed embedded systems

In this paper, we present a hardware-software cosynthesis system, called MOGAC, that partitions and schedules embedded system specifications consisting of multiple periodic task graphs. MOGAC synthesizes real-time heterogeneous distributed architectures using an adaptive multiobjective genetic algorithm that can escape local minima. Price and power consumption are optimized while hard real-time constraints are met. MOGAC places no limit on the number of hardware or software processing elements in the architectures it synthesizes. Our general model for bus and point-to-point communication links allows a number of link types to be used in an architecture. Application-specific integrated circuits consisting of multiple processing elements are modeled. Heuristics are used to tackle multirate systems, as well as systems containing task graphs whose hyperperiods are large relative to their periods. The application of a multiobjective optimization strategy allows a single cosynthesis run to produce multiple designs that trade off different architectural features. Experimental results indicate that MOGAC has advantages over previous work in terms of solution quality and running time.
Development of children with elevated blood lead levels: A controlled study

The developmental status of a group of children with elevated blood lead levels was compared to that of a control group similar in age, sex, race, environment, neonatal condition, and presence of pica, and to a group of children of a higher socioeconomic level. Children in both the lead and control groups demonstrated deficiencies in fine motor-adaptive and language functions; the deficiencies were directly related to inadequacies in the children's environment. There were no significant differences in developmental scores between the lead and control groups, indicating that the developmental deficiencies were not secondary to lead toxicity.
HST3/HST4-dependent Deacetylation of Lysine 56 of Histone H3 in Silent Chromatin

The composition of posttranslational modifications on newly synthesized histones must be altered upon their incorporation into chromatin. These changes are necessary to maintain the same gene expre...
A Field Study of a Comprehensive Violence Risk Assessment Battery

We used archival data to examine the predictive validity of a prerelease violence risk assessment battery over 6 years at a forensic hospital (N = 230, 100% male, 63.0% African American, 34.3% Caucasian). Examining “real-world” forensic decision making is important for illuminating potential areas for improvement. The battery included the Historical-Clinical-Risk Management–20, Psychopathy Checklist–Revised, Schedule of Imagined Violence, and Novaco Anger Scale and Provocation Inventory. Three outcome “recidivism” variables included contact violence, contact and threatened violence, and any reason for hospital return. Results indicated measures of general violence risk and psychopathy were highly correlated but weakly associated with reports of imagined violence and a measure of anger. Measures of imagined violence and anger were correlated with one another. Unexpectedly, Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analyses revealed that none of the scales or subscales predicted recidivism better than chance....
The Banyan Tree Antenna Array

A new wideband, wide-scan array is introduced, called the Banyan Tree Antenna (BTA) array, that employs modular, low-profile, low-cost elements fed directly from standard unbalanced RF interfaces. The elements consist of vertically-integrated, flared metallic fins over a ground plane that are excited by a vertical two conductor unbalanced transmission line. The antenna resembles the bunny-ear or balanced antipodal Vivaldi antenna (BAVA) designs, but most importantly uses metallic shorting posts between the fins and the ground plane that suppress a mid-band catastrophic common-mode resonance that occurs in 2D arrays of balanced radiators fed with unbalanced feeds. This work introduces simple circuit models that describe key performance attributes of the BTA array, leading to unique physical insights and design guidelines. Simulations of infinite single- and dual-polarized BTA arrays have achieved approximately two octaves of bandwidth for VSWR <; 2.2 at broadside and VSWR <; 2.8 at scans out to θ = 45°, while maintaining better than 14 dB polarization purity at θ = 45° in the D-plane.
A novel application of polyimide-W-Al/Cu for VLSI interconnect

Polyimide (PI)-W-Al/Cu interconnect metallurgy for wiring is proposed for device applications. The major advantages of this structure such as the ability to use an insulator with lower dielectric constant for performance, and contact etchability (good selectivity to the bottom substrate) without damage to underlying structures is reported. It is demonstrated that chemically vapor deposited (CVD) blanket W can be deposited into high aspect ratio polyimide contacts. Subsequently is can be planarized on polyimide surface by an etchback process involving chemical and mechanical polishing. In addition, the structure is successfully applied to bipolar devices with severe topography. The specific contact resistivities of 2-4*10/sup -8/ Omega -cm/sup 2/ are realized between PtSi Schottky diodes and the proposed structure with and without inorganic underlayers. Using Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/ as an inorganic sodium barrier underlayer the same contact structure is applied to field effect transistors (FET) with shallow junctions (0.1 mu m-0.13 mu m) and 0.6 mu m poly gate (150 nm) with thin silicide (20 nm) yielding ideal device behavior. The proposed structure can be repeated to provide multilevel metallization. >
Performance of a Wireless Unattended Sensor Network in a Freshwater Environment

This effort investigated the use of wireless unattended sensor network motes in the surroundings of a freshwater lake. The network was required to organize, establish and maintain itself in or on the water. Commercial components developed by Crossbow Technologies were used in developing the experimental networks consisting of single and multiple nodes. Nodes were tested on a solid ground surface, on the surface of the water, below the surface of the water (but not submerged) and fully submerged. Performance metrics based on link quality, parent changes and formation time are presented under a variety of scenarios. It was observed that nodes operating on the surface of the water performed much better than those on a hard surface, operating at a greater inter-node spacing and experiencing fewer parent changes. Submerging one or both nodes had considerable but not overwhelming effects on network performance.
Traffic aided opportunistic scheduling for downlink transmissions: algorithms and performance bounds

In multiuser wireless networks, opportunistic scheduling can improve the system throughput and thus reduce the total completion time. In this paper, we explore the possibility of reducing the completion time further by incorporating traffic information into opportunistic scheduling. In particular, we first establish general properties for opportunistic scheduling with file size information. Then, we develop new traffic aided opportunistic scheduling (TAOS) schemes by making use of file size information and channel variation in a unified manner. We also derive lower and upper bounds on the total completion time. Our results show that the proposed TAOS schemes can yield significant reduction in the total completion time
Parent-teen communication and pre-college alcohol involvement: a latent class analysis.

Abstract Although parent–adolescent communication has been identified as important in delaying the onset and escalation of alcohol use, both the strength and direction of observed associations have varied in prior research with adolescents and college students. The current study categorizes parents according to alcohol-related communication and relates these categories to other parenting factors and late adolescent alcohol involvement. Method As part of a larger study, 1007 college-bound teens and their parents were assessed. Teens were asked to report on their drinking behavior, and parents were asked about the occurrence of several specific alcohol-related communications with their teen, as well as additional parenting characteristics. Profiles of parent alcohol-related communication were derived using latent class analysis. Once the best fitting solution was determined, covariates were entered predicting class membership and investigating how classes were associated with additional parenting characteristics and teen alcohol use. Results A five-class solution provided the best fit to the data: Frequent, All Topics (28%); Moderate, All Topics (25%); Frequent, General Topics (25%); Frequent, Consequences and Limits (12%); and Infrequent, All Topics (10%). Covariate analyses demonstrated class differences with regard to parental modeling, monitoring, knowledge, and parent–teen relationship satisfaction, as well as for students' intentions to join fraternities/sororities and alcohol use. Conclusions Findings from the current study add to a small but growing literature supporting the continuing influence of parents in late adolescence and suggest that the frequency and specificity of parent–teen communication are potentially informative for refined parent-based preventive interventions.
Biosorption of nanoparticles to heterotrophic wastewater biomass

Sorption to activated sludge is a major removal mechanism for pollutants, including manufactured nanoparticles (NPs), in conventional activated sludge wastewater treatment plants. The objectives of this work were to (1) image sorption of fluorescent NPs to wastewater biomass; (2) quantify and compare biosorption of different types of NPs exposed to wastewater biomass; (3) quantify the effects of natural organic matter (NOM), extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), surfactants, and salt on NP biosorption; and (4) explore how different surface functionalities for fullerenes affect biosorption. Batch sorption isotherm experiments were conducted with activated sludge as sorbent and a total of eight types of NPs as sorbates. Epifluorescence images clearly show the biosorption of fluorescent silica NPs; the greater the concentration of NPs exposed to biomass, the greater the quantity of NPs that biosorb. Furthermore, biosorption removes different types of NPs from water to different extents. Upon exposure to 400 mg/L total suspended solids (TSS) of wastewater biomass, 97% of silver nanoparticles were removed, probably in part by aggregation and sedimentation, whereas biosorption was predominantly responsible for the removal of 88% of aqueous fullerenes, 39% of functionalized silver NPs, 23% of nanoscale titanium dioxide, and 13% of fullerol NPs. Of the NP types investigated, only aq-nC(60) showed a change in the degree of removal when the NP suspension was equilibrated with NOM or when EPS was extracted from the biomass. Further study of carbonaceous NPs showed that different surface functionalities affect biosorption. Thus, the production and transformations in NP surface properties will be key factors in determining their fate in the environment.
Parallel Implementations of Recognition Techniques

Tasks in image processing and computer vision are computationally very intensive. Furthermore, many applications such as robotics, target acquisition, and navigation require real time or near real time processing. Thus, developing efficient algorithms matched to high-performance architectures is a critical area of research in computer vision. In this chapter we describe parallel implementations of the object recognition algorithms described in Part II. The discussion in this chapter is very limited in scope, mainly discussing our work of parallel implementation of algorithms given in Part II using two different parallel architectures, the Connection Machine (CM) 1 and the hypercube. For general discussions of parallel computing in vision, the interested reader could refer to Duff and Levialdi [1981], Duff [1978, 1986], Levialdi [1985], Reeves [1984], Uhr [1984, 1987a, 1978b], Yalamanchili et al. [1985], Cypher and Sanz [1989], Chaudhary and Aggarwal [1990], Crisman and Webb [1991], and Preston and Uhr [1982]. For a general reference for parallel architectures, Almasi and Gottilieb [1989] and Hwang and Briggs [1984] are excellent references.
HIV-related stigma in a New York City sample of adults in outpatient care for HIV infection: a short report

This analysis used data from a randomly selected cross-sectional sample of HIV infected outpatient adults in New York City to assess HIV-related stigma and examine gender-specific differences among factors associated with HIV-related stigma. Data was collected by conducting participant interviews and medical records abstraction. HIV-related stigma was assessed using the internalized AIDS-related stigma scale (IA-RSS). Exploratory factor analysis of the IA-RSS indicated that the scale consisted of two factors: (1) internalized stigma and (2) anticipated stigma. Of the 447 sampled participants 23.9% had a higher level of internalized stigma and 38.3% had a higher level of anticipated stigma. Multivariate analysis indicated that among females, internalized stigma was associated with being diagnosed HIV positive after the introduction of HAART in 1996 (adjusted prevalence ratio [PR]: 1.9; 95% CI: 1.2, 3.1; P < 0.01) and a diagnosis of depression (adjusted PR: 1.9; 95% CI: 1.2, 2.9; P < 0.01). Among males, ant...
Your Life Sucks, but I think You Deserved It

We performed a content analysis of the FMyLife.com rating system.We found if the poster showed remorse, raters tend to vote "your life sucks."Posters purposely causing pain, harm, or acting sans thinking "deserved" disapproval.Elements of Social Judgment Theory play a role in the rating process of posts.Raters implore social judgment based on universal ideologies, ethics, and morals. This study used Social Judgment Theory (SJT) (Sherif & Hovland, 1961; Sherif, Sherif, & Nebergall, 1965) as a lens to understand how dominant societal standards for social support manifest in raters' judgments of postings on a pop-culture website. The pop-culture website, FMyLife.com (FML) was analyzed to see if there were major themes within the community's norms consistent with those of society. A total of 25,220 posts were analyzed for major themes on how raters rate posts from those looking to commiserate about their situation online. Since generic standards of conduct and norms apply in groups and at the individual level via computer-mediated communication, (Marques, Abrams, & Serodio, 2001; Wang, Walther, & Hancock, 2009), examples of common themes that relate to universal norms and ideologies are discussed pertaining to the two options of the FML website - "your life sucks" and "you deserved it." Ten percent of posts for each option were then chosen at random to secure a frequency count for posts found within the themes. Results exhibit how elements of SJT play a role in the rating process of posts, and directions for future research are suggested.
Finding spread blockers in dynamic networks

Social interactions are conduits for various processes spreading through a population, from rumors and opinions to behaviors and diseases. In the context of the spread of a disease or undesirable behavior, it is important to identify blockers: individuals that are most effective in stopping or slowing down the spread of a process through the population. This problem has so far resisted systematic algorithmic solutions. In an effort to formulate practical solutions, in this paper we ask: Are there structural network measures that are indicative of the best blockers in dynamic social networks? Our contribution is two-fold. First, we extend standard structural network measures to dynamic networks. Second, we compare the blocking ability of individuals in the order of ranking by the new dynamic measures. We found that overall, simple ranking according to a node's static degree, or the dynamic version of a node's degree, performed consistently well. Surprisingly the dynamic clustering coefficient seems to be a good indicator, while its static version performs worse than the random ranking. This provides simple practical and locally computable algorithms for identifying key blockers in a network.
Design of a computer vision based tree ring dating system

The purpose of this paper is to describe the design and implementation of a computer vision based analysis system for dendrochronology. The issues involved in the detection and analysis of tree rings are not unique to the application, but are likely of interest to anyone developing automated image analysis systems.
Disparities in Lung Cancer Outcomes

Historically, the overall 5-year survival probability from lung cancer is dismal. However, this poor prognosis is not uniformly distributed among those affected—certain subsets of patients appear to fare worse, either due to a more advanced stage at presentation or barriers to appropriate and timely care. Disparities in lung cancer development, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes are predominantly seen in members of racial, ethnic, and other minority groups, women, HIV patients, and the elderly. The basis for such differences is complex and multifactorial, involving social inequities overlapping with genetic and biologic factors. For this reason, improvement in lung cancer survival can only occur when these disparities are addressed and corrected.
FISH PRODUCTION IN NAGALAND - A REGRESION APPROACH

Though in present scenario of green revolution, country has reached to the level of self-sufficiency in food grain production, In the rainfed areas, where natural hazards have put these areas in a situation of production uncertainties, fish farming has its own economic significance. Therefore, there always remains wide gap between demand and supply as most of the varieties of fishes consumed in the state are imported from neighboring states. In this paper an attempt has been made to evaluate the impact of inputs on gross income, a multiple linear regression approach was fitted to the data. Time series data were collected for the period of 1983–84 to 2002–03, number of fishery ponds, value of fingerlings supplied, value of fish products and number of beneficiary.
Enrichment of Modified Peptides via Immunoaffinity Precipitation with Modification-Specific Antibodies

Immunoaffinity precipitation is an effective method of purifying select protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) for proteomic analysis via mass spectrometry. Peptides containing a modification of interest are isolated directly from protease-digested cellular protein extracts using an antibody with specificity against the modification, and the modified peptides are analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry. Antibodies now exist with specificity for a variety of individual PTMs, such as phosphotyrosine, acetyl-lysine, methyl-arginine, ubiquitylation (i.e., diglycyl-lysine affinity), etc. Here we outline a generalized protocol for the purification of modified peptides by immunoaffinity precipitation. The main restriction for using this protocol is the availability of an antibody against the modification of interest. To purify modified peptides, antibodies are first conjugated to a solid support, such as agarose beads. The beads are then incubated with a complex peptide mixture, derived from a cellular lysate, under neutral pH to facilitate binding of modified peptides. The incubation time can vary from 30 min to overnight, depending upon the antibody used and the complexity of the peptide sample. Finally, acidic buffer conditions are used to elute the PTM-enriched bound peptides for mass spectrometry analysis.
Three New “51 Pegasi-Type” Planets*

We report Keplerian Doppler velocity variations, consistent with orbiting "51 Pegasi-type" planets, for the three stars HR 3522 (G8V), HR 5185 (F7V), and HR 458 (F8V). HR 3522 exhibits a velocity semiamplitude of 77 m s-1 and a period of 14.65 days, implying a semimajor axis of 0.11 AU and a minimum mass for the companion of M2 sin i = 0.84MJUP. For HR 5185, the semiamplitude is 469 m s-1, and the period is 3.3128 days, implying an orbital radius of 0.0462 AU and a minimum mass of 3.87MJUP. For HR 458, the semiamplitude is 74 m s-1, and the period is 4.61 days, implying an orbital radius of 0.057 AU and a minimum mass of 0.68MJUP. These three companions, along with 51 Peg b, may constitute a heretofore unrecognized class of planets, defined by circular orbits, Jupiter-like masses, and orbital radii less than ~0.2 AU. The relatively large orbital radius for HR 3522 (0.11 AU) precludes tidal circularization, suggesting that the circular orbits are primordial. During the past 9 years, the velocity residuals to the Keplerian fit of HR 3522 exhibit a long-term systematic trend, suggestive of an additional companion. HR 5185 exhibits velocity residuals that fluctuate erratically by ~70 m s-1, which are as yet unaccounted for. HR 5185 has a rotation period very close to the orbital period of the planet, suggesting that the companion may have tidally locked the primary.
Relationship Between Spring-Fed Swales and Adjacent Xeric Grasslands on the Incidence of Entomophaga calopteni (Entomophthorales, Entomophthoraceae) Among Grasshoppers on Southwest Idaho Rangeland

Studies were conducted on rangeland in southwestern Idaho to evaluate the effect of moist, swalelike habitats on infectivity of an entomogenous fungus on two species of rangeland grasshoppers, Melanoplus bivittatus (Say) and Melanoplus sanguinipes (F.). Data clearly indicated that a significantly higher number of M. bivittatus collected from within the boundaries of four of five swale sites died from infection by Entomophaga calopteni (Bessey) Humber compared with infection levels among grasshoppers collected outside the swale margins. However, the incidence of infection of M. bivitattus and M. sanguinipes differed significantly irrespective of location in or out of the swales. Disease incidence among M. bivittatus , which was relatively abundant in moist habitats characterized by more succulent plant growth, was significantly higher. Results indicate that swales and other habitats that include a permanent or temporary free water component may support disease among some species of resident grasshoppers and thus serve as reservoirs of disease activity when weather conditions do not favor a widespread epizootic of E. calopteni .
Design and Implementation of User Interaction in Smart Power Distribution and Utilization Park

The integration of user side energy management functions,such as the intelligent building,intelligent community,user energy analysis and management,and other user services,have made new requirements on the integrated energy management system(EMS) of the smart power distribution and utilization park.The technical features and functional requirements of user interaction are analyzed,and the architecture of the system and structure of interactive service is proposed.The content of interaction is presented,and technical scheme of implementation is designed.In addition,the implementation of relevant key technologies is described.
Cell proliferation and cell density of mesenchyme in the maxillary process and adjacent regions during facial development in the chick embryo

Cell proliferation, as measured by DNA labeling indices was analyzed during the early development of the maxillary process. Chick embryos were labeled with [3H]thymidine for 1 h and processed for autoradiography. The percentage of labeled mesenchymal cells was determined within delineated areas in the maxillary processes and in adjacent regions. Analysis of labeling indices in each of the areas at successive stages of development demonstrated a pattern of declining rates of cell proliferation with advancing developmental age. Cell proliferation in adjacent regions declined earlier and, in some instances, faster than it did in the maxillary process. Cell density was measured in the maxillary process and the roof of the stomodeum and was found to be higher in the maxillary process throughout the period studied. Cell density and cell proliferation data were analyzed with reference to the operation of 'density-dependent inhibition' of growth as a regulatory mechanism for the observed changes. 'Density-dependent inhibition' of growth was not a satisfactory explanation for the observed differences between the maxillary process and adjacent regions.
Experimental Verification of Stability Characteristics for Thermal Acoustic Oscillations in a Liquid Helium System

Thermal acoustic oscillations (TAOs) are frequently observed when a tube is inserted into a cryogenic system, particularly when filled with liquid helium. A step temperature profile along the length of the inserted tube has typically been assumed by previous researchers in the development of a theoretical model for such oscillations[3,4]. Such theoretical predictions, however, have shown relatively large errors when compared with the experimental verifications. In this study, thermal acoustic oscillation parameters (including oscillation pressure amplitude and frequency) and temperature profile along the length of the oscillation tube have been measured simultaneously to investigate the effect of temperature profile on the characteristics of TAOs. Relatively steep temperature profiles have been observed. In addition, stability characteristics for thermal acoustic oscillations in a liquid helium system with a continuous temperature profile along the length of the tube have been predicted as well as the oscillation effect of the length ratio between the warm and cold sections of the tube. The latter effect has been observed experimentally to be very sensitive to the stability characteristics of TAOs. Good agreement has been achieved between experimental results and theoretical predictions.
The Lamb Shift in Atomic Helium and the Anomalous Magnetic Moment of the Electron from a New Theory of Elementary Matter

A new theory of elementary matter and light, and several of its physical implications, were discussed at the Third Rochester Conference on Coherence and Quantum Optics.[1] This theory attempts to fully exploit the basis of the theory of relativity by asserting the following three underlying axioms: a) the principle of general relativity, b) the generalized Mach principle, and c) the principle of correspondence. General consequences of this theory are 1) the abandonment, in principle, of the atomistic view of matter and quantization, and 2) the abandonment of the photon model of light. The first of these consequences implies that the formalism of non-relativistic quantum mechanics serves here only as a mathematical approximation for an exact formalism that is a nonlinear, deterministic, self-consistent field theory for a closed system. The second consequence implies that the “radiative corrections” to the energies and other physical properties of elementary matter do not appear here. The effects that are conventionally attributed to radiative processes must then be re-derived from the generalization achieved in the nonlinear and spinor structure of this theory.
Comparative efficacy of hormonal therapy used alone or in combination for treatment of prostatic carcinoma

The current study was undertaken to evaluate the comparative efficacy of hormonal therapy used alone or in combination with an antiandrogen in palliative treatment of prostatic carcinoma. A lutenizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist was injected into one group, while the other arm received this agent in combination with the antiandrogen, Flutamide. Progress was measured by comparison of tumor markers and serial studies of tumor size and metastatic lesions.
Youth Participatory Action Research in World Language Classrooms.

Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) requires students to use language in myriad ways as they define a problem, design and conduct an original research project, disseminate their findings, and take change-seeking actions in their community. YPAR embeds language development in community-centered and cross-disciplinary work and empowers youth as valuable knowledge producers and change agents in their community. In so doing, it offers a unique opportunity to world language teachers, particularly those of heritage speakers, who are looking for ways to address the World-Readiness Standards (National Standards Collaborative Board, 2015), meaningfully incorporate best practices, and affirmatively engage their students. This article details YPAR's connection to existing world language methods and standards, offers an example of YPAR in practice, and presents the results of a study examining teachers’ and heritage language learners’ observations of learner growth using the NCSSFL-ACTFL Can-Do statements as a result of their participation in a course-embedded YPAR project. Findings demonstrated that students had positive mean gain scores across all categories of communication skill and all but one student finished the semester performing above grade level in at least three of the five communicative domains. The largest gains were for written and spoken presentational communication
Interannual and Spatial Variability in Maturity of Walleye Pollock Gadus chalcogrammus and Implications for Spawning Stock Biomass Estimates in the Gulf of Alaska.

Catch quotas for walleye pollock Gadus chalcogrammus, the dominant species in the groundfish fishery off Alaska, are set by applying harvest control rules to annual estimates of spawning stock biomass (SSB) from age-structured stock assessments. Adult walleye pollock abundance and maturity status have been monitored in early spring in Shelikof Strait in the Gulf of Alaska for almost three decades. The sampling strategy for maturity status is largely characterized as targeted, albeit opportunistic, sampling of trawl tows made during hydroacoustic surveys. Trawl sampling during pre-spawning biomass surveys, which do not adequately account for spatial patterns in the distribution of immature and mature fish, can bias estimated maturity ogives from which SSB is calculated. Utilizing these maturity data, we developed mixed-effects generalized additive models to examine spatial and temporal patterns in walleye pollock maturity and the influence of these patterns on estimates of SSB. Current stock assessment practice is to estimate SSB as the product of annual estimates of numbers at age, weight at age, and mean maturity at age for 1983-present. In practice, we found this strategy to be conservative for a time period from 2003–2013 as, on average, it underestimates SSB by a 4.7 to 11.9% difference when compared to our estimates of SSB that account for spatial structure or both temporal and spatial structure. Inclusion of spatially explicit information for walleye pollock maturity has implications for understanding stock reproductive biology and thus the setting of sustainable harvest rates used to manage this valuable fishery.
The Drug–Crime Connection in Adolescent and Adult Respondents: Interaction Versus Addition

The aim of this study was to determine whether the nature of the drug–crime relationship differs as a function of participant age (adolescent vs. adult). It was hypothesized that the Drug × Crime interaction would predict subsequent drug use and serious offending in 924 early- to mid-adolescents but not in 722 adults. All participants came from the Offending, Crime, and Justice Survey conducted in England and Wales between 2003 and 2006. The hypothesis was supported by the results of two separate two-equation multivariate linear regression analyses. These findings indicate that the relationship between drug use and criminal offending varies as a function of participant age, such that the relationship is interactive during its formative years but becomes cumulative or additive during early adulthood. The research, theoretical, and practical implications of these results are discussed.
Safety of bevacizumab (B) and erlotinib (E) therapy in patients (pts) with treated brain metastases (mets) in the phase III, placebo (P)-controlled, randomized BeTa trial for pts with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after failure of standard first-line chemotherapy

e19025 Background: Bevacizumab (B) + carboplatin/paclitaxel received FDA approval in 10/06 for improving survival in first-line treatment of advanced NSCLC patients (pts). In the past, pts with brain mets had been excluded from trials of B due to concerns about the possibility of CNS hemorrhage. We report on the safety of B therapy in combination with E in a subset of pts with treated brain mets who enrolled in the BETA lung study for NSCLC. Methods: Pts in the subset had recurrent advanced stage NSCLC. Their disease at enrollment included brain mets previously treated with whole brain radiation therapy. Neurosurgery and stereotactic radiosurgery were permissible in addition to WBRT. Patients with an ongoing requirement for dexamethasone treatment and those who had previously been treated with anti-angiogenesis or epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted therapy were not eligible. Pts were treated with E+B or E+P. E dosing was at 150 mg daily; B/P dosing was 15mg/kg intravenous every (q) 3 weeks. Respons...
The statistical properties of neutral gas at z < 1.65 from UV measurements of Damped Lyman Alpha systems

We derive the statistical properties of neutral gas at redshifts 0.11<z<1.65 from UV measurements of quasar Lyman alpha absorption lines corresponding to 369 MgII systems with $W^{\lambda2796}_{0} \ge 0.3$ A. In addition to the 41 damped Lyman alpha (DLA) systems presented in Rao et al. (2006), the current DLA sample includes 29 newly discovered DLAs. Of these, 26 were found in our HST ACS prism survey for DLAs (Turnshek et al. 2015) and three were found in a GALEX archival search. In addition, an HST COS Cycle 19 survey yielded no DLAs that could be used for this study. Formally, this DLA sample includes 70 systems with $N_{\rm HI}\ge 2\times 10^{20}$ atoms cm$^{-2}$. We find that the incidence of DLAs, or the product of their gas cross section and their comoving number density, can be described by $n_{\rm DLA}(z) = (0.027 \pm 0.007) (1+z)^{(1.682 \pm 0.200)}$ over the redshift range 0<z<5. The cosmic mass density of neutral gas can be described by $\Omega_{\rm DLA}(z) = (4.77 \pm 1.60)\times10^{-4} (1 + z)^{(0.64\pm 0.27)}$. The low-redshift column density distribution function is well-fitted by a power law of the form $f(N) \sim N^\beta$ with $\beta = -1.46 \pm 0.20$. It is consistent with the high-redshift as well as z=0 estimates at the high column density end but, lies between them at the low column density end. We discuss possible $N_{\rm HI}$ and metallicity bias in MgII-selected DLA samples and show that such biases do not exist in the current data at z<1.65. Thus, at least at z<1.65, DLAs found through MgII selection statistically represent the true population of DLAs. However, we caution that studies of DLA metallicities should take into the account the relative incidence of DLAs with respect to $W^{\lambda2796}_{0}$ (or gas velocity spread) in order to correctly measure the mean neutral-gas cosmic metallicity of the universe.
Pharmacology of Drug Resistance

Pharmacologic parameters influencing antimicrobial resistance can be drug specific, organism specific, or host specific. A basic understanding of antimicrobial pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) informs how resistance develops, and allows for the selection of optimal dosing strategies. Important pharmacologic parameters influencing antimicrobial resistance can be grouped into three major categories: drug specific, organism specific, and host specific. Since PK–PD relationships are generally developed in preclinical model systems and extrapolated to clinical patients, this chapter reviews the available preclinical and clinical data on antimicrobial PK–PD relationships, and assesses how they can be used to effectively treat infections and epidemiologically conserve active antimicrobials.
Identifying and exploring significant genomic regions associated with soybean yield, seed fatty acids, protein and oil

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] yield and seed fatty acids, protein, and oil content are important traits for which an improved understanding of significant genomic regions would be useful. To accomplish this, a soybean population consisting of 203 F5 derived recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was developed and genotyped with 11,633 polymorphic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Each RIL was grown in a single plot at Knoxville, TN in 2010; followed by replicated, multi-location field trials in 2013 and 2014. The data from 2010, 2013, and 2014 were analyzed together in order to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) for these traits, and 30 total QTLs were detected. Five QTLs are candidates for confirmed status and one QTL is a candidate for positional confirmation. Many of the genes with mutations in close proximity to the fatty acid QTLs are involved in biological processes for fatty acids and/or lipids and could be considered possible candidate genes. Similarly, genes with mutations in genomic regions near yield, protein, and oil QTLs were plentiful and may contribute to the variation observed in these traits. Except for yield and stearic acid, each trait displayed pleiotropic effects with other traits in this study. Notable are the pleiotropic effects for oleic and linolenic acid on chromosomes 9, 13, and 19. Overall, the findings from this research contribute new information to the genetic understanding of soybean yield and seed fatty acids, protein and oil content. This understanding will be useful in making trait improvements.
Come Meet the White Wrat the Diagnostic Spelling Test: A Modification of the Wide Range Achievement Test, Spelling (Level II)

(1977). Come Meet the White Wrat the Diagnostic Spelling Test: A Modification of the Wide Range Achievement Test, Spelling (Level II) Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Western College Reading Association: Vol. 10, Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Conference of the WCRA. Personalizing Learning Systems: Ecologies and Strategies, pp. 30-34.
Controlling tissue microenvironments: biomimetics, transport phenomena, and reacting systems.

The reconstruction of tissues ex vivo and production of cells capable of maintaining a stable performance for extended time periods in sufficient quantity for synthetic or therapeutic purposes are primary objectives of tissue engineering. The ability to characterize and manipulate the cellular microenvironment is critical for successful implementation of such cell-based bioengineered systems. As a result, knowledge of fundamental biomimetics, transport phenomena, and reaction engineering concepts is essential to system design and development.