cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Computational/experimental study of the flowfield on a body of revolution at incidence

A joint computational-experimental study of the vortical flowfield on a pointed body of revolution is undertaken. The incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are solved numerically for steady flow around an ogive-cylinder at angle of attack. The three-dimensional vortical flow is investigated, with emphasis on the tip and the near-wake region. Comparisons of computational results with results of a companion towing-tank experiment are presented at Re(L) = 1000. Results of a wind tunnel experiment at Re(L) = 820,000, featuring use of a seven-hole pressure probe, also are presented. It was observed that at the low Reynolds number of the towing tank study, the leeside flow was symmetric at the angles of attack considered. For the same configuration at the higher Reynolds number of the wind tunnel study, the flow was asymmetric under equivalenat conditions for some of the angles of attack studied. The topology of the flow is discussed and conclusions are drawn concerning the growth and stability of the primary vortices.
A novel synchronization method for active positioning via DSSS: Achieving low resource usage and latency

This paper presents a new method for timing synchronization in mobile transceivers utilizing direct sequence spread spectrum signaling (DSSS) for target localization. Traditional methods of timing synchronization for DSSS produce variable latency that depends on channel characteristics and configuration. This latency produces bias in range measurements which causes errors in position estimation. Our method produces a fixed-time low-latency synchronization of sub-chip timing precision, via oversampling. Utilizing single bit quantization we are able to use exclusive-OR (XOR) based operations instead of expensive multiply-accumulate (MAC) functions. This reduces the hardware utilization significantly, allowing more logic efficiency. The proposed approach is particularly critical for hardened FP-GAs that have applications in space and extreme environments.
Effect of property variations on the operation of phase separators for superfluid helium

Abstract Many low-gravity space missions have used porous plugs to keep He II in a dewar while venting the vaporized gas to space. The operational state of a He II phase separator is determined by the interplay of several competing physical processes. It appears that one of these phenomena has not been included in past published models of a separator. When He II flows through a porous material that sustains a thermal gradient, large pressure maxima and moderate temperature maxima occur in the profiles. The transition of the superfluid component to the normal component causes the maxima. The ratio of the density of the two components is a thermodynamic property and the transition between the components adjusts the ratio to the local value of the pressure and temperature. This can be a large effect with the pressure maxima reaching ten times the saturation pressure. We present a model for a He II phase separator, similar to previous models, but with the property variation process included. We derive formulas that show the conditions when the effect is significant and the extent of the changes from constant property models. The property variation phenomenon is modeled using a modified Green’s function approach with step functions. It is iterative on the pressure, temperature and velocity profiles starting with the constant property profiles. This process generates a power series expansion of the pressure, temperature and velocity profiles. Two iterations are sufficient for nearly all applications. The predictions of the model are compared with reported measurements and the agreement is good.
“Keep Me with My Mom”: An Evidenced-Based Initiative to Keep Mother and Newborn Together Following Cesarean Birth

Poster Presentation Objective To standardize practice to allow mother and newborn to recover together following cesarean birth. Design Evidence-based guidelines support postbirth recovery of term, stable, newborns skin-to-skin (STS), with mothers to promote mother–newborn synchrony. The Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) Cycle was utilized to implement our practice change. Sample Preimplementation: 3 months (November 2012-January 2013) retrospective chart review of recovery care, with 42 term stable newborns born by cesarean birth; 14 newborns per month. Pilot: 1 month project (March 2013) to keep mother and newborn together for four selected cesarean births. Implementation: from April 2013 until present keep mother and newborn together for all cesarean births with ongoing monthly retrospective chart review of recovery care following cesarean birth (14 charts per month). Methods Retrospective chart review includes date and time of birth, feeding choice, time of breastfeeding initiation, and time of newborn admission to the nursery. Patient satisfaction questions/comments relevant to the project were obtained from the hospital's patient satisfaction survey. Implementation phase retrospective chart review collected data about documentation of initiation of STS. Implementation Strategies A list entitled Top Ten Reasons for Keeping Mother and Baby Together Post-Birth was posted prior to implementation to engage staff and prompt dialogue. Labor and delivery staff, designated as project champions, and the education specialist reorganized the cesarean birth recovery room to safely accommodate mother and newborn. Multidisciplinary in-service education was provided. A pilot project was conducted to identify any barriers. A workflow algorithm was created to highlight changes to staff responsibilities. Staff dialogue continues to share progress, address challenges and concerns, and offer support and information about keeping mothers and newborns together. Results The length of time mother and newborn stayed together following cesarean birth increased from 35 to 90–120 minutes. The length of time to initiation of breastfeeding decreased from 5 to 2 3/4 hours. Initiation of STS increased 7% to 57%. Patient satisfaction scores remain consistent at greater than 90%. Conclusion/Implications for Nursing Practice The PDSA cycle can be used to accomplish successful implementation of practice change. Standardized care following cesarean birth should include STS and early initiation of breastfeeding. Unexpected practice improvement may be realized.
An application of the active time model to multiple concurrent variable-interval schedules.

In this experiment we show that the active time model (ATM) accurately predicts probe data from multiple concurrent VI VI schedules. Subjects were trained under a concurrent VI 30-s VI 60-s and a concurrent VI 60-s VI 120-s schedule. Two types of unreinforced probes were then conducted. The first paired the two VI 60-s stimuli. These stimuli, while equivalent in their associated absolute rates of reinforcement, differed in their relative rates of reinforcement. The second probe paired the VI 30-s stimulus with the relatively rich VI 60-s stimulus. In contrast with the first probe, these stimuli differed in their absolute rates of reinforcement, while being similar in their relative rates. During the first set of probes, birds preferred the VI 60-s stimulus trained with the VI 120-s schedule. During the second set of probes, birds were indifferent to the two stimuli. These results are less extreme than others reported in the literature. Nonetheless, we found that ATM accurately fit individual subject data in both sets of probes. In contrast a variant of scalar expectancy theory did not fit the data at either the individual or group level.
Adrenergic signaling controls RGK-dependent trafficking of cardiac voltage-gated L-type Ca2+ channels through PKD1.

Rationale: The Rad-Gem/Kir-related family (RGKs) consists of small GTP-binding proteins that strongly inhibit the activity of voltage-gated calcium channels. Among RGKs, Rem1 is strongly and specifically expressed in cardiac tissue. However, the physiological role and regulation of RGKs, and Rem1 in particular, are largely unknown. Objective: To determine if Rem1 function is physiologically regulated by adrenergic signaling and thus impacts voltage-gated L-type calcium channel (VLCC) activity in the heart. Methods and Results: We found that activation of protein kinase D1, a protein kinase downstream of α 1 -adrenergic signaling, leads to direct phosphorylation of Rem1 at Ser18. This results in an increase of the channel activity and plasma membrane expression observed by using a combination of electrophysiology, live cell confocal microscopy, and immunohistochemistry in heterologous expression system and neonatal cardiomyocytes. In addition, we show that stimulation of α 1 -adrenergic receptor-protein kinase D1-Rem1 signaling increases transverse-tubule VLCC expression that results in increased L-type Ca 2+ current density in adult ventricular myocytes. Conclusion: The α 1 -adrenergic stimulation releases Rem1 inhibition of VLCCs through direct phosphorylation of Rem1 at Ser18 by protein kinase D1, resulting in an increase of the channel activity and transverse-tubule expression. Our results uncover a novel molecular regulatory mechanism of VLCC trafficking and function in the heart and provide the first demonstration of physiological regulation of RGK function.
Pensée 3: Political Science and the Middle East

Over the past five years, from volume 37, number 1 (February 2005) to volume 41, number 3 (August 2009), IJMES published thirty-seven articles that deal with politics in the contemporary Middle East, broadly understood. This is my count, of course, and others might add or drop some articles. I define contemporary as post World War II and have a relatively expansive definition of politics. My count does not include short features, only full articles.
Judging the judges: Journalists and standpoints

This research examines 80 news stories and news analyses (some 3,000 column inches) published in the New York Times between October 7 and October 28, 1991, regarding the allegations of Anita Hill that she had been sexually harassed by Clarence Thomas. The research finds that reporters framed all parties ‐ the two protagonists, the Senators, other experts, on‐lookers, and citizens ‐ as responding to the story in ways that were directly determined by different identity variables, which the reporters took up one at a time. That is, the reporters suggested that everyone responded because of their gender, race, or experience with sexual harassment. Meanwhile, the reporters held themselves out as uniquely purified of such tainting influences. Reporters did not disclose how their own standpoints might have been affected by their social identity.
The host outer membrane proteins OmpA and OmpC are associated with the Shigella phage Sf6 virion.

Assembly of dsDNA bacteriophage is a precisely programmed process. Potential roles of host cell components in phage assembly haven't been well understood. It was previously reported that two unidentified proteins were present in bacteriophage Sf6 virion (Casjens et al, 2004, J.Mol.Biol. 339, 379-394, Fig. 2A). Using tandem mass spectrometry, we have identified the two proteins as outer membrane proteins (OMPs) OmpA and OmpC from its host Shigella flexneri. The transmission electron cryo-microscopy structure of Sf6 shows significant density at specific sites at the phage capsid inner surface. This density fit well with the characteristic beta-barrel domains of OMPs, thus may be due to the two host proteins. Locations of this density suggest a role in Sf6 morphogenesis reminiscent of phage-encoded cementing proteins. These data indicate a new, OMP-related phage:host linkage, adding to previous knowledge that some lambdoid bacteriophage genomes contain OmpC-like genes that express phage-encoded porins in the lysogenic state.
On Finding Madagascar Materials: The ELCA Region 3 Archives in Minnesota

One problem facing any historical anthropologist or anthropological historian of Madagascar is locating sources that are scattered around the globe. A recent guidebook on African source materials in the United States makes important advances toward resolving this problem, notably for South African materials in the United States, but Madagascar is poorly represented there.' Researchers of Madagascar can help each other connect the gaps between recognized research materials by sharing with colleagues what they have found at less well-known archives.2
Willingness to pay for travel information

Abstract Improved travel information received via electronic sources can inform people about travel conditions and help them make travel decisions. The personal benefits of high quality travel information may motivate individuals to pay for information. This study analyzes travelers’ willingness to pay for better quality information received from a traveler information system offered through a public–private partnership in the San Francisco Bay Area. The data were collected in 1997 through a computer-aided telephone interview of individuals who called traveler advisory telephone system (TATS) and were willing to be interviewed ( N =511). The survey results indicate that the average number of times per month the respondents called TATS was 4.80 (TATS was a free service at the time). The average use of the system would decline if the service was not improved but a service charge was initiated. People indicated that they were more willing to pay for a customized service. The impacts of travel information, travel context and socioeconomic variables on willingness to pay for information were analyzed by estimating a random-effects negative binomial regression model of revealed and stated TATS calling frequency. The results indicate that customized travel information, longer trips, worktrips, and listening to radio traffic reports are associated with higher TATS calling frequency and with greater willingness to pay for information. Overall, the consumer response to purchasing travel information services seems cost-sensitive and future efforts can focus on commercialization of travel information, beginning with where demand for information is relatively inelastic and improvement or customization of travel information is achievable.
1999 KUIPER PRIZE LECTURE: Cometary Origin of the Biosphere

Abstract Most of the biosphere was brought on the primitive Earth by an intense bombardment of comets. This included the atmosphere, the seawater and those volatile carbon compounds needed for the emergence of life. Comets were thrown into the inner Solar System by the strong perturbation induced by the growth of the giant planets' cores. The bulk of the Earth's bombardment came from those comets that accreted in Jupiter's zone, where the original deuterium enrichment had been diminished by steam coming from the hot, inner parts of the Solar System. This steam had condensed into icy chunks before their accretion into larger cometary nuclei. In contrast, comets that accreted in the zones of the outer giant planets kept their interstellar isotopic enrichments. Those comets contributed to the Earth's bombardment for a small amount only; they were mostly ejected into the Oort cloud and are the major source of the long-period comets observed today. The short-period comets, which come from the Kuiper Belt, should also have the same interstellar enrichment. The deuterium enrichment of seawater, accurately predicted by the previous scenario, has become one of the best telltales for the cometary origin of our biosphere. This cometary origin may have far-reaching cosmological consequences, in particular for the origin of life in other planetary systems.
Some phonemic characteristics in apraxia of speech

The articulatory performance of 13 left hemisphere-damaged adults who presented apraxia of speech was tabulated on confusion matrices and analyzed according to error pattern. Consonants were more susceptible to error than were vowels, as were consonant clusters when compared to single consonants. No significant differences existed among error percentages for the initial, medial, and final positions. When errors were analyzed according to manner of production, affricatives and fricatives were significantly more susceptible to error than all others. Analysis of errors according to place of production revealed lingua alveolar and bilabial phonemes to be significantly less impaired than all other categories. No differences were found in error percentages of voiced and unvoiced phonemes. The sequential nature of substitution errors was further analyzed by tallying and classifying errors as anticipatory (prepositioning), reiterative (postpositioning), or metathesis. Seven percent of the substitution errors in this study were sequential, with anticipatory errors outnumbering reiterative errors by a ratio of 6 to 1. Feature analysis of substitutions to determine distance from the target sound revealed that 38% of the substitutions were defective in two or more features. Some of these subjectively bore little resemblance to the target sound.
The Allen Human Brain Atlas: comprehensive gene expression mapping of the human brain

The Allen Human Brain Atlas is a freely available multimodal atlas of gene expression and anatomy comprising a comprehensive 'all genes-all structures' array-based dataset of gene expression and complementary in situ hybridization (ISH) gene expression studies targeting selected genes in specific brain regions. Available via the Allen Brain Atlas data portal (www.brain-map.org), the Atlas integrates structure, function, and gene expression data to accelerate basic and clinical research of the human brain in normal and disease states.
Further Studies on the Antibotulinal Effectiveness of Nisin in Acidic Media

The antibotulinal effectiveness of nisin in TPYG broth was increased somewhat by lowering the pH to pH 5.5. The ability of nisin to inhibit the outgrowth of strain 56A spores was markedly increase at pH 5.5 by comparison to its effectiveness at higher pHs observed in previous studies. The increased effectiveness of nisin at pH 5.5 was less notable for the strain 69A, 113B, and 213B spores. The nisin sensitivity of the type E spores was essentially unchanged from that observed in earlier studies at higher pHs. At pH 6, nisin levels of 5000 I.U./ml were insufficient to prevent spore outgrowth by C. botulinum in cooked meat medium. Comparatively, much lower levels of nisin were effective in preventing botulinal outgrowth in TPYG broth at pH 6. The decreased effectiveness of nisin in cooked meat medium may be due to the binding of nisin to meat particles, and this binding is apparently not affected by lowering the pH to pH 6.0.
Influence of temperature, gender, age, and mating status on cigarette beetle (Lasioderma serricorne (F.)) (Coleoptera: Anobiidae) flight initiation

Abstract The influence of temperature in combination with gender, age, and mating status was examined to determine minimum temperature and percent of cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne (F.) that initiate flight in a laboratory flight chamber. Tests were conducted on temperatures between 17.5 °C and 37.5 °C at intervals of 2.5 °C. We found that flight initiation of L. serricorne is highly dependent on environmental temperature, gender, age and mating status of individuals. The minimum detectable temperature at which all categories of males (virgin young, virgin old, mated young and mated old) initiated flight was 22.5 °C, while virgin young, virgin old, mated young and mated old females were observed to initiate flight at 25, 22.5, 25, and 27.5 °C, respectively. Young virgin males and older virgin females had the highest percentage of flight initiation among all categories of their gender and thus the greatest probability of being detected. No flight initiation is predicted for males at temperatures below 19.7 °C, thus, environmental temperature should be strongly considered when interpreting pheromone monitoring programs in food storage.
The Interpretation of Multiracial Status and Its Relation to Social Engagement and Psychological Well‐Being

This research examines how multiracial individuals chose to identify themselves with respect to their racial identity and how this choice relates to their self-reported psychological well-being (e.g., self-esteem, positive affect) and level of social engagement (e.g., citizenship behaviors, group alienation). High school students who belong to multiple racial/ethnic groups (N = 182) were asked to indicate the group with which they primarily identify. Participants were then classified as identifying with a low-status group (i.e., Black or Latino), a high-status group (i.e., Asian or White), or multiple groups (e.g., Black and White, etc.). Results showed that, compared with multiracial individuals who identified primarily with a low- or high-status group, those who identified with multiple groups tended to report either equal or higher psychological well-being and social engagement. Potential explanations and implications for understanding multiracial identity are discussed.
Madness in ancient India: Concept of insanity in Charaka Samhita (1st century A.D.)

Abstract There is a paper devoted to insanity in an ancient Indian treatise on medicine. The concept of insanity and the rational and empirical elements in this text are discussed with its implications for modern psychiatry.
Automotive applications of topology optimization

Topology optimization is used for obtaining the best layout of vehicle structural components to achieve predetermined performance goals. An in-house topology optimization software, TOP, has been developed to analyse important automotive components. The topology design problem is formulated as a general optimization problem and is solved by the mathematical programming method. The MSC/NASTRAN finite element code is employed for response analyses. The use of MSC/NASTRAN is significant, because it not only allows engineers to use a wellaccepted and widely-used finite element code with no size limit on the model, but also permits developers to concentrate on the rest of the topology optimization program. Three automotive examples including a simplified truck frame, a deck lid, and a space frame structure are presented.
Generation and trapping of a caged cyclopentylidenecarbene

The reactive intermediate that is produced both (i) via reaction of 8-(dibromomethylene)-pentacyclo[5.4.0.02,6.03,10.05,9]unndecane (6) with n-BuLi-THF and (ii) via the corresponding reaction of pentacyclo[5.4.0.02,6.03,10.05,9]undecan-8-one (11) with diethyl diazomethylphosphonate (DAMP) has been shown to be vinylidenecarbene 7a rather than the corresponding cycloalkyne, 7b.
The evolution of maternal characters

We develop quantitative-genetic models for the evolution of multiple traits under maternal inheritance, in which traits are transmitted through non-Mendelian as well as Mendelian mechanisms, and maternal selection, in which the fitness of offspring depends on their mother's phenotype as well as their own. Maternal inheritance results in time lags in the evolutionary response to selection. These cause a population to evolve for an indefinite number of generations after selection ceases and make the rate and direction of evolution change even when the strength of selection and parameters of inheritance remain constant. The rate and direction of evolution depend on the inheritance of traits that are not under selection, unlike under classical Mendelian inheritance. The models confirm earlier findings that the response to selection can be larger or smaller than what is possible with simple Mendelian inheritance, and even in a direction opposite to what selection favors. Maternal selection, in which a mother's phenotype influences her offspring's fitness, is frequency-dependent and can cause a population to evolve maladaptively away from a fitness peak, regardless of whether traits are transmitted by Mendelian or maternal inheritance. Maternal selection differs from other forms of selection in that its force depends not only on the fitness function but also on the phenotypic resemblance of parents and offspring.
Fundamental Frequencies of Elliptical Composite Cylinders with Circumferentially Varying Fiber Orientation

The fundamental vibration frequencies of thin-walled elliptical composite cylinders for which the fiber orientations in some or all of the layers vary linearly with circumferential location are discussed. The study is motivatedbypreviousworkthatdemonstratedthatacircumferentiallyvarying fiberorientationschemecanbeused to improve the axial buckling capacity of an elliptical composite cylinder. At issue then is the degree to which fundamental frequencies are influenced by the circumferentially varying fiber orientation. Circular cylinders are also considered, so an additional finding of the study is the influence of cylinder cross-sectional geometry on the fundamental vibration frequency, with all other cylinder geometric and material parameters remaining the same. The results, which are based on finite element models of the elliptical and circular cylinders, indicate that, even for what is considered a significant range of fiber orientations that vary linearly with circumferential location, the fundamental frequencies of both elliptical and circular cylinders are not significantly influenced. On the other hand, the circumferential wave numbers are influenced. The frequency results for circular cylinders are substantiated by the work of other researchers.
Causality-based versioning

Versioning file systems provide the ability to recover from a variety of failures, including file corruption, virus and worm infestations, and user mistakes. However, using versions to recover from data-corrupting events requires a human to determine precisely which files and versions to restore. We can create more meaningful versions and enhance the value of those versions by capturing the causal connections among files, facilitating selection and recovery of precisely the right versions after data corrupting events.We determine when to create new versions of files automatically using the causal relationships among files. The literature on versioning file systems usually examines two extremes of possible version-creation algorithms: open-to-close versioning and versioning on every write. We evaluate causal versions of these two algorithms and introduce two additional causality-based algorithms: Cycle-Avoidance and Graph-Finesse.We show that capturing and maintaining causal relationships imposes less than 7p overhead on a versioning system, providing benefit at low cost. We then show that Cycle-Avoidance provides more meaningful versions of files created during concurrent program execution, with overhead comparable to open/close versioning. Graph-Finesse provides even greater control, frequently at comparable overhead, but sometimes at unacceptable overhead. Versioning on every write is an interesting extreme case, but is far too costly to be useful in practice.
Durable Lotus-effect surfaces with hierarchical structure using micro- and nanosized hydrophobic silica particles

Abstract Surfaces with a very high apparent water contact angle (CA) and low water contact angle hysteresis (CAH) exhibit many useful characteristics, among them extreme water repellency, low drag for fluid flow, and a self-cleaning effect. The leaf of the Lotus plant ( Nelumbo nucifera ) achieves these properties using a hierarchical structure with roughness on both the micro- and nanoscale. It is of great interest to create durable surfaces with the so-called “Lotus effect” for many important applications. In this study, hierarchically structured surfaces with Lotus-effect properties were fabricated using micro- and nanosized hydrophobic silica particles and a simple spray method. In addition, hierarchically structured surfaces were prepared by spraying a nanoparticulate coating over a micropatterned surface. To examine the similarities between surfaces using microparticles versus a uniform micropattern as the microstructure, CA and CAH were compared across a range of pitch values for the two types of microstructures. Wear experiments were performed using an atomic force microscope (AFM), a ball-on-flat tribometer, and a water jet apparatus to verify multiscale wear resistance. These surfaces have potential uses in engineering applications requiring Lotus-effect properties and high durability.
Monopole-induced baryon number violation due to weak anomally

Abstract Magnetic monopoles may catalyze baryon number violation due to the weak 't Hooft anomaly, even if the boundary conditions at the monopole core conserve baryon number. We show, by analyzing a simple toy model, that this effect is unsuppressed by any power of the monopole size, weak symmetry breaking scale, or coupling constant, provided the radius of the monopole core is smaller than Eg2/mw2, E being the energy of the external fermions, g the coupling constant of the SU(2)weak group, and mw the SU(2)weak breaking scale. It is argued that this is a general feature of all monopoles (not necessarily 't Hooft-Polyakov monopoles). Possible suppression factors due to the presence of higher generation fermions are discussed.
The empirical limits of forensic mental health assessment

This article introduces a special issue of Law and Human Behavior, including five articles describing the limits of forensic mental health assessments of (a) risk of violence in female adolescents, (b) sexually violent predators, (c) dangerousness in capital murder cases, (d) child sexual abuse, and (e) PTSD litigants. Knowing the limits of forensic mental health assessment methods is essential in order to recognize their strengths, increase the credibility of forensic mental health assessment, and drive research that will enhance the value of assessments for the courts.
Induced representations and a new proof of the imprimitivity theorem

Abstract We present a brief and elementary proof of the Imprimitivity Theorem for an arbitrary locally compact group.
Pharmacological research in neonatology

In neonatology unit 40 to 80% of the drugs are used as off-label or unlicensed, particularly in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), where it has been described that in a single patient up to 60 parenteral drugs can be administered. The course of a drug inside the organism can be defined in 4 different phases: absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination; for each of these phases the newborn infant has different characteristics than child and adult. In the last years much more attention has been put in pharmacological research specific for the neonatal age and a good trial design should take into account the following points: (1) to define the pediatric disease in terms of natural history, prevalence, severity, treatment and impact of the new drug; (2) to avoid the "try and error" method based on the adult dose corrected for weight or age; (3) to use adapted methodologies (pharmacokinetics); (4) to avoid small clinical trials (limited number of patients), the use of Randomized Controlled Trials rather than observational studies; (5) to consider ethics providing clear information and reducing pain and stress to the baby and its family.
Guanylate cyclase activity in rat liver and other tissues with starvation and streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus

Abstract Guanylate cyclase activities in supernatant and particulate fractions of homogenates from various rat tissues were examined in fed and fasted normal animals and in those with diabetes mellitus induced with streptozotocin. With fasting guanylate cyclase activity in supernatant fractions increased in liver and epididymal fat, decreased in kidney and lung, and was unchanged in cerebral cortex and skeletal muscle. Lung particulate activity also decreased with fasting while particulate activities in other tissues were unchanged. In diabetic animals soluble but not particulate activity was less in several tissues and the effect of fasting on soluble liver guanylate cyclase was absent. The effect of fasting on soluble liver guanylate cyclase reversed with refeeding animals and was associated with a decrease in the apparent K m for GTP as well as an increase in V . An inhibitory material was found in livers from fed but not fasted animals. The inhibitory material had properties of a nucleotide and inhibited guanylate cyclase in a competitive manner. Thus, soluble and particulate guanylate cyclase activities can be influenced independently of one another in the same and different tissues with fasting, refeeding, and diabetes mellitus. Some of these effects may be attributable to altered levels of small heat-stable inhibitory materials such as nucleotides.
Practical realizations in process modeling: Part I. A new approach to practical realization

A new approach is presented for the construction of linear, low-order stable, state-variable, dynamic models from experimental pulse response data of process systems: the problem of practical realization. This problem is solved by deriving and implementing constraints in the estimation of Markov parameters which are input to a realization algorithm. This is accomplished sequentially by using an algorithm for recursive partial realization. Bounds on the Markov parameters are derived from qualitative information about the smoothness of the response curve and used in a stagewise regression procedure. The presente procedure identifies the faster modes first; hence the tail of the pulse response, if inordinately long and inaccurate, may be ignored while lower-order partial realizations are constructed.
Electron microscope studies on some modifications of the plasmalemma in oranges

During an electron microscopic study on changes in cellular structure associated with fruit ripening, several rather striking elaborations of the plasmalemma were observed. These consisted of invaginations, simple to complex folds, invaginations containing numerous vesicles, and small bays or nodular forms containing osmiophilic granules. These structures developed evidently from or in association with the plasmalemma. Also observed were circlet structures that were formed apparently from invaginations which had curled over and fused with the base of invagination near the plasmalemma. Subsequently, the circlets separated from the plasmalemma and migrated into the cytoplasm where they were degraded. The entire process appeared to be a mechanism for the transport of materials into the cell.
Flight test results for an advanced technology light airplane

A single-engine light airplane was modified by the installation of a wing with reduced area, Fowler flaps, Kruger flaps, and spoilers. Flight test results show that zero-lift drag was reduced 13.8% and a trimmed maximum lift coefficient of 2.73 was achieved. Gust response was significantly reduced and excellent roll control was achieved with spoilers. Several design features employed in the new wings have excellent potential for incorporation in future light airplanes.
Kenneth Burke's dramatistic approach in speech criticism

(1955). Kenneth Burke's dramatistic approach in speech criticism. Quarterly Journal of Speech: Vol. 41, No. 4, pp. 352-358.
Assessing the Stability of Alzheimer’s Amyloid Protofibrils Using Molecular Dynamics

Amyloid fibrils represent a stable form of many misfolded proteins associated with numerous diseases. Among these are Parkinson’s disease (α-synuclein), Type II diabetes (islet amyloid polypeptide), and Alzheimer’s disease (amyloid β-peptide, Aβ). The appearance of Aβ fibrils in neural tissue is a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease, and many studies have been conducted to determine and analyze the structure of these protein aggregates. The principal toxic species in Alzheimer’s disease are believed to be soluble, oligomeric aggregates of Aβ, but numerous studies have found that the insoluble fibrillated form of the peptide also contributes to neurotoxicity. Thus, to design therapeutic agents to combat the progression of Alzheimer’s disease, it is worthwhile to understand the thermodynamics of destabilizing these aggregates and the features that contribute to their stability. In this work, we present a systematic study of several factors that influence the stability of Aβ42 fibrils following in silico mutatio...
Child maltreatment awareness for prehospital providers

Child abuse continues to go undetected by hospital-based health care providers because clues may exist exclusively in the child's home. Emergency personnel are in the unique position of being able to assess the home environment. An educational intervention was developed to increase the prehospital providers' awareness of how to assess, report, and document suspected child maltreatment based on findings in the home.
Characteristic findings on 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in a series of patients with Parkinson's disease

Abstract Background Patients with Parkinson's disease frequently present with orthostatic hypotension, prompting testing with 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). The aim of our study was to identify characteristic patterns of blood pressure changes present on ABPM in a series of patients with Parkinson's disease. Method We retrospectively identified 13 patients with Parkinson's disease who had undergone ABPM for evaluation of symptomatic orthostatic hypotension. The ABPM tracings were analyzed for the presence or absence of reversal of circadian pattern, postprandial hypotension, noncompensatory heart rate variability, and average daytime and nocturnal blood pressure values. Results Reversal of circadian rhythm was identified in 92.3%, postprandial hypotension in 100% and nocturnal hypertension in 100% of the cases. Some 61.5% of the patients exhibited daytime blood pressures in the prehypertensive range, and 23% had blood pressures in the stage 1 hypertension range per JNC 7 classification. Conclusion The characteristic findings on 24-h ABPM in this series of patients with Parkinson's disease were the presence of reversal of circadian rhythm (93%), postprandial hypotension (100%) and nocturnal hypertension (100%).
Rearrangement equations for plutonium

The percents of all oxidation states produced by Pu disproportionation, including unreacted starting material, can be obtained by new equations that are easy to apply. The equations are useful for quantifying the extent and the stoichiometry of disproportionation, the consequences of complexation, and the effects of temperature changes on the composition of the oxidation-state mixture.
Investigating the vanadium environments in hydroxylamido V(V) dipicolinate complexes using 51V NMR spectroscopy and density functional theory.

Using 51V magic angle spinning solid-state NMR, SSNMR, spectroscopy and quantum chemical DFT calculations we have characterized the chemical shift and quadrupolar coupling parameters of a series of eight hydroxylamido vanadium(V) dipicolinate complexes of the general formula VO(dipic)(ONR1R2)(H2O) where R1 and R2 can be H, CH3, or CH2CH3. This class of vanadium compounds was chosen for investigation because of their seven-coordinate vanadium atom, a geometry for which there is limited 51V SSNMR data. Furthermore, a systematic series of compounds with different electronic properties are available and allows for the effects of ligand substitution on the NMR parameters to be studied. The quadrupolar coupling constants, CQ, are small, 3.0−3.9 MHz, but exhibit variations as a function of the ligand substitution. The chemical shift tensors in the solid state are sensitive to changes in both the hydroxylamide substituent and the dipic ligand, a sensitivity which is not observed for isotropic chemical shifts in s...
119Sn NMR spectra of tin(II) halides

Abstract The 119 Sn NMR spectra of tin(II) halides in solution in donor solvents consist of single resonances, the chemical shifts of which are markedly solvent, concentration and temperature dependent in most cases. The δ values increase in the order SnF 2 2 2 2 , the same order as seen earlier for heats of solution and adduct stabilities for the tin compounds. A rationale for the chemical shift dependence on solvent is proposed. Significant solution conductivity was found forSnI 2 in dimethylsulfoxide and hexamethylphosphoramide complicating analysis of δ values. An approximately linear relationship was found between infinite dilution shifts of a given SnX 2 compound and the dielectric constants of the solvents used.
The physiological and molecular responses of carnation flowers to high temperature

Abstract Carnation ( Dianthus caryophyllus cv. `White Sim') flowers were subjected to a heat treatment to investigate the physiological and molecular effects of high temperatures on flower senescence. Flowers were exposed to 44°C for 24 h in the dark. Control flowers were held at 23°C. In heat-treated flowers the ethylene climacteric occurred 120 h after treatment, a delay of 24 h when compared to control flowers. Maximum ethylene production was decreased from 44 to 31 nl g −1 h −1 in heat-treated flowers. Northern blot analysis of the ethylene biosynthetic genes ACC synthase and ACC oxidase indicated that the accumulation of these mRNAs is delayed by 24 h in heat-treated flowers. The accumulation of senescence-related (SR) genes followed a similar pattern. Further investigation revealed a decreased responsiveness to exogenous ethylene and a reduced capacity to produce ethylene in petals from heat-treated flowers. Northern blot analysis again revealed a delay in the accumulation of ACC synthase and ACC oxidase transcripts. SR gene expression induced by ethylene, however, was not affected by the heat treatment. The beneficial effects of high temperatures, a delay in ethylene production and reduced responsiveness to ethylene, may lead to horticultural application.
Development of Welding Emission Factors for Cr and Cr(VI) with a Confidence Level

Knowledge of the emission rate and release characteristics is necessary for estimating pollutant fate and transport. Because emission measurements at a facility’s fence line are generally not readi...
Integrating structural-strategic and Bowen approaches in training beginning family therapists

This paper presents a model aimed at integrating two views of training beginning family therapists which have heretofore been seen as polarized. One view is that training should best be aimed at teaching skills and theory in order to prepare therapists to knowwhat to do when they meet with a family. The other school focuses on the personal development of the therapist in order to train therapists who knowhow to be with a family in therapy. The principle which organizes this model and which forms the basis for deciding which approach to supervision is most useful in any given situation is a description of the developmental process beginning students experience in learning family therapy.
Targeting angiotensin II type I receptors to reduce the risk of stroke in patients with hypertension

The incidence of stroke is rising among the elderly population. Hypertension is the single most important contributor to stroke, and hypertension treatment and control is the most important intervention to prevent it. Blood pressure reduction by any means will substantially reduce the risk of stroke. However, accumulating evidence indicates that angiotensin receptor blocker-based regimens may provide additional benefits in the prevention of stroke. This effect seems to be particularly prominent in high-risk patients and patients with isolated systolic hypertension. The pathophysiological mechanisms have not been clearly delineated, but favourable remodelling of the left atrium and reduction of the risk of atrial fibrillation has been suggested. In addition, blockade of the central AT1 receptors and stimulation of AT2 receptors and/or preferential reduction of central pressure by angiotensin receptor blockers may account for the beneficial protective effect.
Diversity in social context: a multi-attribute, multilevel analysis of team diversity and sales performance

Summary Prior research on demographic diversity in work teams has yielded mixed results, with the effects of team diversity ranging from positive to neutral to negative. This article shows that an improved understanding of the relationship between team diversity and team performance can be reached by considering the combined effects of team diversity and demographic social context. We hypothesized that three aspects of the social context would moderate the effects of demographic diversity on performance: the combination of diversity dimensions within a team, the demographic characteristics of the team manager, and the demography of the work unit. In a study of 365 sales teams distributed across 42 sales districts in a large U.S. company, we found support for the general proposition that the demographic social context moderates relationships between team diversity and team performance. We discuss the practical implications of these results as well as the research implications for future studies of team diversity. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A descriptive study of women's perceptions of their asthma during pregnancy.

PURPOSE To determine the impact of asthma during pregnancy from the perspective of the pregnant woman. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A descriptive survey using the Internet for subject recruitment and data collection was conducted using an adaptation of the Cancer Survivors Survey Questionnaire. Women with asthma who were pregnant or who had recently given birth (n = 166) were the sample. Women responded from the United States, Canada, Europe, and Asia. Physical symptoms, emotional responses, and coping strategies to deal with the asthma were queried. RESULTS Women reported a variety of respiratory difficulties including wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. They were concerned about avoiding triggers leading to acute asthma, the effect of the asthma medications on the fetus, and losing their jobs due to absenteeism. They wanted to know more about how to prevent an asthma attack and what effect their disease could have on their unborn infants. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Women need education and support to help them deal with asthma during pregnancy. Nursing can have an important role in teaching these women and helping them monitor their asthma status during pregnancy.
Neuroendocrine control of pulsatile growth hormone release in the human: Relationship with gender

Gender has multiple significant influences on the human GH axis in the premenopausal age group (Table 1), and attenuates by approximately 50% the negative impact of age on daily GH secretion rates, the inverse association between total adiposity and GH production, and the positive effect of increased physical fitness on GH secretion. The sex differences in GH axis activity are highly specific mechanistically, and namely entail the mass of GH secreted per burst (greater in women than men), and the orderliness of the 24-hour GH release process (less orderly pattern in women). Moreover, physiological regulation of the GH-IGF-I axis is evident within the follicular phase of the normal human menstrual cycle, wherein mean serum GH and plasma IGF-I concentrations rise concurrently with increased oestradiol secretion in the preovulatory phase. Oestrogen, directly or indirectly (e.g. via long-term changes in visceral and subcutaneous fat distribution), serves as the proximate mediator of many gender differences, and probably mediates most of the acute sex-steroid effects of both testosterone and oestradiol on the human GH-IGF-I axis. In conclusion, oestrogen regulates the physiological output of the GH-IGF-I axis both quantitatively (daily GH secretion rate) and qualitatively (organization or orderliness of GH release). The actions of oestrogen are probably achieved via alterations in GHRH and somatostatin activities and their reciprocal interactions. Current evidence concerning the role of oestrogen favours an increase in somatotroph responsiveness to GHRH, with or without decreased effects of somatostatin. Whether putative GHRPs, galanin, etc., participate in the potent amplifying actions of oestrogen on the GH axis is not known. Thus, gender and sex steroids are potent pathophysiological regulators of the orderliness and pulsatile mass of GH secreted in humans.