cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Body Composition and Other Physical Parameters as Determinants of Age at Sexual Maturity and Performance Efficiency in Dwarf Hens Divergently Selected for Body Weight

Hens in this study were produced from random breeding within lines (high, low, and control) of dwarf White Leghorns that had been divergently selected for four generations for 20-week body weight. Birds were weighed at 10 weeks of age and placed in individual cages at 18 weeks of age. Body weights, shank lengths, and egg weights were obtained at sexual maturity (day of first egg) and at 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks after sexual maturity. Egg production was recorded during 28-day periods. Thirty hens/line were sampled at sexual maturity and at the above times after sexual maturity for body composition (percent fat, protein, moisture, and ash). High line hens showed increased percent body fat and reduced percent protein and moisture compared to low and control hens. Coefficients of determination (R2) for age at sexual maturity and body weight were small (R2 less than or equal to .20) for high and control hens. There were no meaningful relationships between body weight or other physical measurements and sexual maturity in low hens. There were no significant relationships between body composition and age at sexual maturity in high and control hens. There was a strong cubic association (R2 = .73; P less than .001) between percent ash and age at sexual maturity in low hens, although the biological importance of this relationship was uncertain. Coefficients of determination between body weight and performance efficiency (egg mass per body weight) were small to moderate (R2 = .04 to .46) for high and control hens.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
NUTRITIONAL ANEMIA IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN.

Nutritional anemia in childhood is common even in the United States. It is usually due to iron deficiency developing from an inadequate diet, especially an excessive amount of milk. The diagnosis is often easily made. Inadequate intake of iron affects every body system, particularly the gastrointestinal tract. Less common nutritional anemias result from deficiency of folic acid, vitamin B12 or essential amino acids. Treatment is simple and usually quickly effective when proper and specific medication is used.
Exploration and practice of personnel training and management at Shanghai Jiading District Center for Disease Control and Prevention

A new round of health system reform has brought many new challenges to the personnel training. This article explores the mode of diversified personnel training of how to make the talent team of CDC to quickly adapt to the current development requirement of public health service. Through training courses, on-job practice, mentoring, job rotation system, it is expected to train the high-quality talent with broad basis, deep foundation, comprehensive ability, professional and "multi-skill".
Blind Detection of Multi-satellite Signals Based on SVD

This paper introduces a method for blind detection of multi-satellite signals based on singular value decomposition(SVD) with low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) in non-cooperative systems,by estimating the dimension of signal subspace.The proposed method establishes a test statistic by making full use of the relationship between singular value and eigenvalue,which can gather multiple signal energy.This method can be applied to lower SNR,and the detection performance is analyzed theoretically.Simulation results for common satellite signal indicate that the method is efficient and can adapt to multi-satellite signals under lower SNR,when false alarm probability is set to less than 1%,the blind detection probability reaches above 90% at SNR=-11 dB.And the computation complexity is reduced tenfold,which can be used in satellite-borne equipment.
Automotive MIMO radar for urban environments

A high azimuth and elevation resolution multiple-input-multiple-output(MIMO) radar prototype with 16 Tx and 16 Rx antenna elements was developed in this work to address the autonomous driving vehicle challenges in complex urban environments. This article describes the technological scope of the developed prototype, details the performance challenges and discusses the system design considerations. The main goal of the developed automotive radar prototype is to achieve a high 2D angular resolution in the presence of a large number of radar echoes while maintaining an industry acceptable antenna aperture size and reasonable cost.
Hormonal control of ovarian follicular development: a 1978 perspective.

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the hormonal control of ovarian follicular development. The growth of a follicle appears to begin with the growth of the primary oocyte, its enclosure within a single layer of granulosa cells, the formation of a basement membrane, and the attachment of surrounding theca cells. In the presence of gonadotropins, however, follicular growth continues until large preantral and antral follicles are developed. Most stages of follicular growth appear to proceed in the presence of basal concentrations of gonadotropins. Thus, during pregnancy antrai follicles are continuously present as new groups of follicles acquire antra and others undergo atresia. The hormonal requirements for the continued growth of follicles to the preovulatory stage appear to involve small but significant increases in gonadotropins, leading to increased synthesis of follicular androgens and estradiol. During the maturation of preovulatory follicles, receptor for LH in theca cells is increased 2- to 3-fold and is accompanied by an increased synthesis of androgens. As some aromatase activity is present in the small antral follicles, the increase in androgen leads automatically to an increase in some estradiol production. Thus, a change in theca cell function and responsiveness to LH appears to precede increased follicular estradiol synthesis. During the estrous cycle and at the end of pregnancy, the final stages of preovulatory follicular growth are dependent on increased estradiol synthesis. This appears to be dependent on increased responsiveness of theca cells to LH and increased production of theca-derived androgens. Thus, the theca cell may hold the clue to what initiates preovulatory follicular growth.
Manganese Supplements and Dystonia

A 7 month old girl who developed dystonic movements of the arms after a 3 month period of parental nutrition for jejunal atresia and bowel resection is reported from Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK.
A Statistical Analysis of the Lake Levels at Lake Neusiedl

A long record of daily data is used to study the lake levels of Lake Neusiedl, a large steppe lake at the eastern border of Austria. Daily lake level changes are modeled as functions of precipitation, temperature, and wind conditions. The occurrence and the amount of daily precipitation are modeled with logistic regressions and generalized linear models.
Association of Lymphovascular Space Invasion With Locoregional Failure and Survival in Patients With Node-Negative Oral Tongue Cancers.

Importance The indications for adjuvant therapy in resected oral tongue cancers are based on both clinical and pathological factors, with clear evidence for adjuvant radiation in patients with pathologically positive neck lymph nodes, positive margins, and extracapsular extension, but the data for patients with no nodal disease are sparse. Objective To investigate determinants of failure and survival in patients with node-negative oral tongue cancer. Design, Setting, and Participants Medical records for patients with oral tongue cancer treated with definitive surgery from 2003 to 2013 were reviewed. All patients were cN0 negative and classified as pathologically node-negative (pN0) if a neck dissection was performed. Patients received adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) based on standard clinical and pathological determinants. Main Outcomes and Measures Kaplan-Meier and multivariable (MVA) logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were performed to identify patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics predictive of locoregional control (LRC) and overall survival (OS). Results A total of 180 patients met entry criteria, with a median follow-up time of 4.9 years (range, 0.9-12.5 years); 102 patients (56.7%) were female and 42 patients (23.3%) were younger than 45 years at diagnosis. One hundred fifty-three patients (85%) had T1/T2 tumors, and 112 patients (62%) had elective neck dissections with confirmed pN0. Lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) was present in 36 patients (20%). On MVA, LVSI (OR, 0.06; 95% CI, 0.02-0.19;P Conclusions and Relevance Lymphovascular space invasion in patients with node-negative oral tongue cancer treated with upfront definitive surgery is associated with worse LRC and OS. Node-negative oral cavity cancers with LVSI warrant consideration of further adjuvant therapy, which should be further evaluated in a prospective setting.
Affective Computing: Historical Foundations, Current Applications, and Future Trends

Abstract Affective computing relates to, arises from, or intentionally influences emotion. It is a continuously growing multidisciplinary field that explores how technology can inform an understanding of human affect, how interactions between humans and technologies can be impacted by affect, how systems can be designed to utilize affect to enhance capabilities, and how sensing and affective strategies can transform human and computer interaction. Encompassing disciplines, such as engineering, psychology, education, cognitive science, sociology, and others; this chapter explores some of the historical foundations and general goals of affective computing, approaches to affect detection and generation, applications, ethical considerations, and future directions.
Abstract 4142: Regulation of tumor suppressor decorin by APE1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Oral cancers have a high rate of recurrence, and a tendency to develop treatment resistance. From 2009 to 2013, Kentucky had a disproportionately higher incidence of invasive oral cancers and resultant higher mortality compared to the national average (SEER & NPCR, Kentucky Cancer Registry). Apurinic/Apyrimidinic endonuclease (APE1) is a key protein in DNA repair, and an important transcriptional regulator. Gene array analysis in pMEFs expressing wild-type APE1 and extremely low levels of APE1 showed an eight-fold reduction of tumor suppressor decorin (DCN), with wild-type APE1. Decorin is a known tumor suppressor and extracellular matrix protein, which can suppress tumor proliferation, migration and angiogenesis. Tumors with decreased decorin are associated with increased mortality. These studies aim to elucidate APE1’s role in decorin regulation in oral cancer and identify biomarkers, which may aid in diagnosis, treatment, or predicting prognosis. Immunohistochemistry studies of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma from Kentuckians were analyzed aided by Aperio’s high resolution scanning capabilities, and software. Analysis showed a significant decrease in decorin in both tumor and carcinoma in situ compared to benign tissue. Whereas, APE1 was significantly increased in tumors. Additionally there was a significant negative correlation between APE1 and decorin total protein in carcinoma in situ. This data supports that increased APE1 may deplete decorin. Superoxide Dismutase 3, which is important in detoxifying extracellular ROS, was also significantly decreased in tumor and in carcinoma in situ. This along with previous research showing increased ROS in the tumor microenvironment and APE1 activation by ROS may explain the origination of decorin suppression. We hypothesize that the overexpression of APE1 in early stages of oral cancer leads to diminished decorin translation, which may drive cancer progression and increase mortality. Better understanding how APE1 influences tumor suppressors may eventually aid in development of therapeutics that would increase patient survival. Citation Format: Christina A. Wicker, Timothy L. Scott, Rangaswamy Suganya, Susan M. Arnold, Yolanda M. Brill, Craig M. Horbinski, Dana Napier, Joseph Valentino, Mahesh R. Kudrimoti, Guoqiang Yu, Tadahide Izumi. Regulation of tumor suppressor decorin by APE1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4142. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-4142
Abstract LB-212: Antioxidant therapy reprograms macrophages from protumor M2 to antitumor M1

Macrophages (Mφ) have high plasticity and can polarize to two extremes, pro-inflammatory M1 Mφ and immuno-suppressive M2 Mφ. In triple negative breast cancer, tumor-associated Mφ (TAM) have a pro-tumor M2-like phenotype and are associated with decreased survival. Thus, it is vital to develop treatments to reprogram TAM away from protumor M2 Mφ toward antitumor M1 Mφ. A recent study reported a lipid peroxide scavenger selectively inhibits M2 Mφ markers and cytokines. However, little is known about the differences in ROS metabolism between M1 Mφ and M2 Mφ. Our hypothesis is pro-tumorigenic M2 Mφ possess a distinct profile of pro- and anti-oxidant enzymes, as well as a different sensitivity to ROS modulation versus the anti-tumor M1 Mφ. Our results show M2 Mφ, derived from primary human monocytes, have a significant 20-30% reduction in intracellular ROS levels versus M1 Mφ by DCFH and DHE staining. Extracellular ROS synthesis was dramatically reduced by ~70% in M2 Mφ, in part due to reduced mRNA expression of Nox2, Nox5, and their accessory protein CYBA in M2 Mφ. Another contributing factor to lower ROS levels is that M2 Mφ have significantly increased Catalase and Gpx4 mRNA expression, as well as increased Cu/ZnSOD and Gpx1 protein and activity. These data suggest M2 Mφ have increased ROS metabolism versus M1 Mφ, which may provide an advantage in the oxidative tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, EcSOD re-expression in MB231, a triple negative breast cancer cell line, inhibited the MB231-mediated increase in M2 Mφ markers and decrease in M1 Mφ markers. We moved forward utilizing Mn(III) meso-tetrakis(N-ethylpyridinium-2-yl)porphyrin (MnTE), a small molecule SOD mimetic, shown to have anti-tumor effects. MnTE treatment increased M1 Mφ markers, IL-12b and CD86, while concurrently decreasing M2 Mφ markers, IL-10, CD163, and CD206. MnTE also inhibited the ability of M2 Mφ to inhibit T cell activation suggesting ROS is required for M2 Mφ polarization and function. Increasing ROS levels by addition of exogenous H2O2, lead to increased M2 markers and decreased M1 markers, which implicates the oxidative tumor microenvironment in promoting a M2-like TAM phenotype. These studies provide the rationale for antioxidant treatment of breast cancer to reprogram TAM from pro-tumorigenic M2-like TAM phenotype to a more tumoricidal M1-like phenotype. Citation Format: Brandon Griess, Kaustubh Datta, Melissa Teoh-Fitzgerald. Antioxidant therapy reprograms macrophages from protumor M2 to antitumor M1 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-212. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-LB-212
Prevalence of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus in Tonsil Tissue in Healthy Adults and Colocalization in Biofilm of Tonsillar Crypts.

Importance The pathogenesis of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is currently an important topic of elucidation. The presence of latent HPV infection in tonsil tissue of healthy adults may provide an explanation for a component of this process and contribute to the understanding of HPV-associated squamous cell carcinoma oncogenesis of the oropharynx. Objective To determine the prevalence of oropharyngeal HPV and to determine the spatial relationship between the virus and crypt biofilm in tonsil tissue. Design, Setting, and Participants A retrospective, cross-sectional study was carried out using samples obtained from tonsils that were archived at a university hospital following elective nononcologic tonsillectomy from 2012 to 2015. Samples consisted of formalin-fixed paraffin embedded samples of tumor-free tonsil tissue from 102 adults between the ages of 20 and 39 years. Exposures Human papillomavirus status was assessed by polymerase chain reaction, and high-risk subtypes 16 and 18 were assessed with quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. Samples that demonstrated presence of HPV were then analyzed by in situ hybridization to localize the viral capsid protein. These samples were then stained with concanavalin A to establish biofilm presence and morphology. These samples were also stained with diamidino-phenylindole (DAPI) to visualize location of the virus in relation to cell nuclei. These data were then assembled for aggregate analysis to colocalize HPV in the biofilm of the tonsillar crypts. Main Outcomes and Measures Outcome measurements were determined prior to data collection and include prevalence of high-risk HPV types 16 and 18 in tonsil tissue of otherwise healthy adults, as well as demonstration with immunohistochemistry of HPV in tonsillar crypt biofilm. Results In 102 otherwise healthy adults (55 [53.9%] female; age range, 20-39 years), the overall prevalence of HPV in tonsils was 4.9% (n = 5); and high-risk type 16 or 18, 3.9% (n = 4). In this sample population, in situ hybridization colocalized HPV virus to the biofilm of the tonsillar crypts. Conclusions and Relevance Biofilm is present in the tonsillar crypts in a considerable proportion of tonsil tissues and may be reproducibly identified. Human papillomavirus is demonstrated to colocalize to the crypt biofilm. This has important implications with respect to the determination of HPV prevalence rates in the oropharynx. It may also play a role in the pathogenesis of HPV-related oropharyngeal carcinoma.
Faculty Interest and Barriers to Participation in Global Health Education

AbstractBackground: Global health programs at academic health science centers rely heavily on dedicated faculty for relationship building, host site development, mentoring and teaching. Though facu...
A Proof That the Union of Two Helson Sets Is a Helson Set

The question, whether the union of two Helson sets is a Helson set, resisted answering for some time. S. W. Drury and N. Th. Varopoulos solved the problem in 1970, and we now know that if H = H1 ∪ H2 where H1 and H2 are Helson subsets of G, then $$\alpha \left( H \right) \leqslant \frac{{{3^{{3/2}}}}}{2}(\alpha {({H_{1}})^{3}} + \alpha {({H_{2}})^{3}}). $$ One may still hope for simpler proofs and better inequalities.
Salivary Glands and Head and Neck

This chapter is designed as an easy reference for the practicing pathologist aiming to solve diagnostic problems in head and neck pathology by immunohistochemistry (IHC). It is a collection of 40 practical tables including tables for commonly used antibodies, IHC reactions in normal salivary gland, IHC reactions in common salivary gland and head and neck tumors, and IHC reactions to resolve differential diagnostic challenges. Also included are practical footnotes and photographic illustrations.
Midurethral Slings for All Stress Incontinence: A Urology Perspective

The midurethral sling (MUS) is now the most commonly performed surgical treatment for stress urinary incontinence (SUI), and is considered the gold standard for patients with genuine SUI. This article examines the use of the MUS to treat all forms of SUI, with an emphasis on the nonindex patient (ie, intrinsic sphincter deficiency, lack of urethral hypermobility, mixed incontinence, failed MUS, concomitant prolapse, obesity, and elderly). The efficacy and safety of the MUS to treat SUI is assessed in these specific populations. Based on the available evidence, the discussion attempts to identify populations in whom MUS may not be appropriate.
Ventricular Assist Device Support: Single Pediatric Institution Experience Over Two Decades

Background We reviewed our single institutional experience with pediatric ventricular assist device (VAD) support over the last 2 decades, with an aim to improve our current management and gain an insight into the future direction. Methods A retrospective review was conducted on all patients that had undergone VAD support between 1996 and 2017. Outcomes were analyzed based on the type of VADs, whether temporary or durable devices. Primary end points were positive outcomes, including bridge-to-transplantation, bridge-to-recovery, alive on device, and bridge-to-bridge to another VAD, or negative outcomes, including death during VAD support or in-hospital death after bridge-to-recovery. The Pediatric Interagency Registry for Mechanical Circulatory Support definition was used to classify adverse events. Results Overall, 201 VADs were implanted in 159 patients, with 82 (41%) and 119 (59%) being temporary and durable support, respectively. There has been a trend toward an increasing annual implant volume both with temporary and durable VADs. Positive outcomes were achieved in 80% (66 of 82) of those with temporary support, with bridge-to-recovery (53% [35 of 66]) and bridge-to-bridge to another VAD (38% [25 of 66]) being the predominant outcomes. Of those on durable support, 84% (100 of 119) achieved positive outcomes, with bridge-to-transplant (66% [78 of 119]) being the leading destination. The most notable change during the study period was the introduction of implantable continuous-flow VADs, resulting in outpatient management becoming a routine practice. No patients were discharged on VAD support before 2004, but 85% were discharged on VADs with discharge capability after 2013. Conclusions The present study has demonstrated the evolutional changes of pediatric VAD support and their effect on clinical outcomes over the last 2 decades.
Mindful Lawyering: The Key to Creative Problem Solving

Mindful Lawyering introduces students to creative problem solving and mindfulness in the context of law school and beyond, presenting checklists, scenarios, and hypotheticals that invite student engagement. The Table of Contents, Introduction, and Chapter One are available to download here.
Benzalkonium Chlorides: Uses, Regulatory Status, and Microbial Resistance

Benzalkonium chlorides (BACs) are chemicals with widespread applications due to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties against bacteria, fungi, and viruses. This review provides an overview of the market for BACs, as well as regulatory measures and available data on safety, toxicity, and environmental contamination. We focus on the effect of frequent exposure of microbial communities to BACs and the potential for cross-resistant phenotypes to emerge. Toward this goal, we review BAC concentrations in consumer products, their correlation with the emergence of tolerance in microbial populations, and the associated risk potential. Our analysis suggests that the ubiquitous and frequent use of BACs in commercial products can generate selective environments that favor microbial phenotypes potentially cross-resistant to a variety of compounds. An analysis of benefits versus risks should be the guidepost for regulatory actions regarding compounds such as BACs.
β-Arrestin2 expressed in mast cells regulates ciprofloxacin-induced pseudoallergy and IgE-mediated anaphylaxis.

The adapter protein β-arrestin2 inhibits Mrgprb2 and FceRI-mediated mast cell degranulation to attenuate pseudo-allergy and anaphylaxis. Thus, targeting β-arrestin2 in mast cells could provide novel therapeutic options for modulating pseudo-allergy and anaphylaxis.
Self-assessment during Jump Shot Drills Translates to Decreased Vertical Ground Reaction Forces during Single Limb Drop Jump Landing.

Background Prevention programs reduce hard and stiff landings associated with risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, yet cost and time are barriers to implementation. Providing feedback about landing mechanics during shooting drills at practices using minimal resources and time may improve adherence to educating athletes how to avoid risky mechanics associated with ACL injury when landing. Implementing video, auditory, written, and pictorial feedback into basketball practices to cue athletes on landing mechanics after taking a jump shot may soften the landing. Purpose The purpose of this study was to test whether implementing video, auditory, written, and pictorial feedback into a basketball practice jump shot drill (i.e., double limb drop jump landing task) will result in lesser vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) during a single limb drop jump landing without decreasing maximal jump height. Study Design Observational, Case-control Study. Methods During a summer league, 16 female high school basketball players were assigned to an intervention (Int) or control (Con) group. The Int group (n=8) utilized delayed video feedback and task cards (written and pictorial cues) at six practices while the Con group (n=8) received typical coaching only. Cost and compliance with the intervention were measured. Pre- and post-season data collections included five single limb drop jumps from a 31 cm high box onto force plates. The vGRF impulses over the first 10% of landing were calculated for each limb. Data did not differ between limbs, thus data for both limbs were pooled. Two mixed model ANOVAs were used to compare groups over time (p<0.05) for vGRF and maximum jump height, respectively. Results Compliance with the intervention was 100% and did not increase the time of drills. The implementation cost was less than $10. A time*group interaction (p=0.04; Int significantly decreased vGRF over time), main effect of time (p=0.004), and no main effect of group (p=0.412) were found for vGRF during single limb drop jump landings. A time*group interaction (p=0.03; Int significantly decreased max jump height over time), no main effect of time (p=0.10) and no main effect of group (p=0.32) were found for max jump height. Conclusion Athletes landed more softly and jumped less high during a single limb drop jump landing task after receiving feedback during jump shot drills. High team compliance may occur since the intervention required minimal resources and addressed different learning styles. Level of Evidence Level 3b.
College Football Performance and Athletic Department Revenues: The Power of Winning Tradition

This paper investigates important relationships between college football performance and athletic department football revenues. The research draws from secondary data sources examining coaching experience, head coach salary, and recruiting performance as key antecedents to winning, and ultimately football revenues. The study also highlights the overriding influence of winning tradition on each stage of the proposed model. Further, the paper addresses the proposed performance-revenue model for both power 5 and non-power 5 football schools. The findings are different and revealing, and will help researchers and sport marketing professionals better understand the different football identities for these two football school categories. Ultimately, this paper highlights the importance of winning on athletic department football revenue generation for collegiate institutions across the country.
The research on transformer fault diagnosis method based on vibration and noise voiceprint imaging technology

Vibration signal analysis and noise voiceprint imaging is an effective method to detect the mechanical condition of transformer winding and iron core. The analysis of vibration signal and noise voiceprint imaging is of great importance to transformer fault diagnosis. Based on the analysis of the vibration and noise mechanism of the transformer core and winding, a 110kV transformer is measured with the established vibration measurement system. According to the analysis of the fundamental frequency amplitude, the main frequency, frequency ratio, vibration entropy, the ratio of odd and even harmonic, the voiceprint imaging analysis, concludes that the C phase high level bushing is abnormal, verify the effectiveness of the proposed diagnostic technique.
The Contribution of Female Writers in the Libyan Post Arab Spring: The Voice of Azza Al-Maghour`s Short Stories

Alongside the rapid political and social change post Arab Spring, Libyan writers were constantly producing volumes of literary work, whether in print or online, to reflect on the socio-political issues in the society. Among these writers is Libyan lawyer and writer Azza Al-Maghour; Al-Maghour has published a great many short stories during and after the revolution. What makes her work distinctive is that she not only narrates fictional events, but that she simultaneously reflects on the Libyan reality post revolution; and her voice, she is the voice of the people. Her narrative style is structured as a cultural and intellectual revolution. Using a critical discourse analysis, this paper will examine how Al-Maghour contributes to the socio-political construction of Libyan society, and argues that Al-Maghour`s narrative structure, story frame, language style, and word connotations are used as tools to channel her political views. This paper will pay special attention to Al-Maghour`s discussions of women rights, social justice, and Libyan nationalism through her story settings and her characters. This paper begins by giving a brief overview of the context of Libyan women in the aftermath of the 2011 revolution, followed by Azza Al-Maghour`s biography. The paper will then present an analysis of her stories through language, style, story structure, socio-political discussions, and her contribution as a Libyan female writer to the context of the post Arab Spring.
Prosthetic femoral head erosion through an acetabular component treated with revision and implant preservation

We present a case report of the rare complication of a femoral head prosthesis eroding through the acetabular liner and shell resulting in a clinical presentation of pseudo-dislocation. The patient presented with a 1-month history of progressive anterior and peritrochanteric hip pain without antecedent trauma. Radiographs demonstrated presumed hip dislocation with superior-posterior superimposition of the femoral head over the acetabular component. The patient underwent revision total hip arthroplasty with intraoperative evidence of extensive metallosis, osteolysis, and femoral head erosion through the acetabular polyethylene liner, acetabular shell, and implantation into the ilium. The femoral stem and acetabular shell were well-fixed, allowing for filling of the defect with bone void filler and cementation of a new polyethylene liner into the acetabular shell.
Detection of Quorum-Sensing Molecules for Pathogenic Molecules Using Cell-Based and Cell-Free Biosensors

Since the discovery and subsequent use of penicillin, antibiotics have been used to treat most bacterial infections in the U.S. Over time, the repeated prescription of many antibiotics has given rise to many antibiotic-resistant microbes. A bacterial strain becomes resistant by horizontal gene transfer, where surviving microbes acquire genetic material or DNA fragments from adjacent bacteria that encode for resistance. In order to avoid significant bacterial resistance, novel and target therapeutics are needed. Further advancement of diagnostic technologies could be used to develop novel treatment strategies. The use of biosensors to detect quorum-sensing signaling molecules has the potential to provide timely diagnostic information toward mitigating the multidrug-resistant bacteria epidemic. Resistance and pathogenesis are controlled by quorum-sensing (QS) circuits. QS systems secrete or passively release signaling molecules when the bacterial concentration reaches a certain threshold. Signaling molecules give an early indication of virulence. Detection of these compounds in vitro or in vivo can be used to identify the onset of infection. Whole-cell and cell-free biosensors have been developed to detect quorum-sensing signaling molecules. This review will give an overview of quorum networks in the most common pathogens found in chronic and acute infections. Additionally, the current state of research surrounding the detection of quorum-sensing molecules will be reviewed. Followed by a discussion of future works toward the advancement of technologies to quantify quorum signaling molecules in chronic and acute infections.
Medically Indicated Labiaplasty in a Case of Recurrent Labial Hair Thread Tourniquet Syndrome in a Premenarchal Girl.

ABSTRACT Background Despite controversy surrounding labiaplasty in adolescent girls, labiaplasty might be indicated in the case of recurrent labial hair thread tourniquet syndrome (HTTS). Case We describe a case of an 11-year-old girl with recurrent labial HTTS who underwent labiaplasty. Summary and Conclusion Recurrent labial HTTS can lead to disfigurement and partial loss of labium. Labiaplasty can restore normal anatomy of the labia and prevent further recurrence in select cases.
Determination of S- and/or R-equol in plant-based food products and efficacy of topical or oral 4′,7-isoflavandiol (R/S equol) to improve skin health in adult men, a Placebo-controlled pilot study

Abstract There were two purposes for this investigation: 1) determine if S- and/or R-equol is present in seven plant-based food products and 2) to establish if topical or oral R/S equol administration improved skin health in adult men. First, the presence of R- and/or S-equol was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in commercial food products. Next, in a small pilot study R/S equol topically applied (once per day) was tested in a split-face study for 7 weeks in men (n = 3). Finally, the oral application of R/S equol (6 mg/day) in men (37 to 56 years of age) via a placebo-controlled pilot study was performed for 12 weeks (n = 11 per treatment group). By HPLC analysis, 6 of the 7 foods tested had S-equol and/or R-equol present. Topically applied R/S equol in a split-face study improved the nasolabial fold/crease by 4 weeks and by 7 weeks the skin wrinkle was almost undetectable in one subject. Finally, in the low dose oral R/S equol placebo-controlled study all five skin parameters displayed improvement over baseline and/or control values. These results suggest that R- and/or S-equol is present in plant-based food products and topical or oral R/S equol improved skin health in men.
Surgical approach and short-term outcomes in adults and children undergoing total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation: A report from the Prospective Observational Study of TPIAT.

Abstract Background Total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation (TPIAT) is a viable option for treating debilitating recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) in adults and children. No data is currently available regarding variation in approach to operation. Methods We evaluated surgical techniques, islet isolation and infusion approaches, and outcomes and complications, comparing children (n = 84) with adults (n = 195) enrolled between January 2017 and April 2020 by 11 centers in the United States in the Prospective Observational Study of TPIAT (POST), which was launched in 2017 to collect standard history and outcomes data from patients undergoing TPIAT for RAP or CP. Results Children more commonly underwent splenectomy (100% versus 91%, p = 0.002), pylorus preservation (93% versus 67%; p Conclusions Pancreatectomy techniques differ between children and adults, with islet yields higher in children. The rates of portal vein thrombosis and early readmission are lower in children.
Laparoscopic Colectomy for Acute Diverticulitis in the Urgent Setting is Associated with Similar Outcomes to Open.

Purpose/background The role of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for the surgical treatment of diverticular disease is evolving. The aim of this study is to compare the outcomes of MIS colectomy to those of open surgery for patients with acute diverticulitis requiring urgent surgery. Methods The American college of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Project database was queried for all patients undergoing an urgent colectomy for acute diverticulitis between 2013 and 2018. The patients were then divided into 2 groups: MIS and open. Baseline characteristics and short-term outcomes were compared using univariable and multivariable regression analyses. Results/outcomes 3487 patients were included in the analysis. Of these, 1272 (36.5%) underwent MIS colectomy and 2215 (63.5%) underwent open colectomy. Patients undergoing MIS colectomy were younger (58.7 vs 61.9 years) and less likely to be American Society of Anesthesiologists Classification (ASA) III (52.5 vs 57.9%) or IV (6.3 vs 10.5%). After adjusting for baseline differences, the odds of mortality for MIS and open groups were similar. While there was no difference in short-term complications between groups, the odds of developing an ileus were lower following MIS colectomy (OR .61, 95% CI: .49, .76). Both total length of stay (LOS) (12.3 vs 13.9 days) and post-operative LOS (7.6 days vs 9.5 days) were shorter for MIS colectomy. Minimally invasive surgery colectomy added an additional 40 minutes of operative time (202.2 vs 160.1 min). Conclusion/discussion Minimally invasive surgery colectomy appears to be safe for patients requiring urgent surgical management for acute diverticulitis. Decreased incidence of ileus and shorter LOS may justify any additional operative time for MIS colectomy in suitable candidates.
Commodifying Scarcity: Society, Struggle, and Spectacle in World of Warcraft

Overrun by monsters and tyrants, and ravaged by fanaticism, excess, and greed, World of Warcraft offers players a chance to struggle metaphorically against that which oppresses them: the excesses of late capitalism as they are represented by the game’s spectacular antagonisms. In order to take advantage of this opportunity, however, players must employ the very thing through which their oppression is manifested. Interpellated into the game as fetishized images, players must construct themselves and function in accordance with the limitations imposed upon them by the race and class of their characters. Players, as such, are incorporated into World of Warcraft ’s spectacle even as they struggle against it. What World of Warcraft sells players is thus not liberation and fulfillment, but more of the same: a spectacular version of the present tense in which the race- and class-based antagonisms that define the status quo of late capitalism are represented as magical and fantastic. In approaching World of Warcraft in these terms, this article attempts to understand how the game commodifies struggle, not only securing the consent of players to produce themselves and perform as subjects, but in doing so, reproducing the illusion in which the society of World of Warcraft’s spectacle is manifested: the illusion that the spectacular hierarchies and inequalities of late capitalism are natural and inevitable rather than socially constructed.
The Black Sox Trial: An Account

The players on Charles Comiskey's 1919 Chicago White Sox team were a fractious lot with plenty to complain about. The club was divided into two gangs of players, each with practically nothing to say to the other. Together they formed the best team in baseball -- perhaps one of the best teams that ever played the game -- yet they were paid a fraction of what many players on other teams received. Comiskey's contributions to baseball were beyond question, but he was both a tightwad and a tyrant. The White Sox owner paid two of his greatest stars, outfielder Shoeless Joe Jackson and third baseman Buck Weaver $6000 a year, despite the fact that players on other teams with half their talent were getting $10,000 or more. On road trips, Sox players received a $3 a day allowance, even though almost all other teams gave their players $4. For Sox pitcher Eddie Cicotte, there was another source of irritation: in the fall of 1917, when Cicotte approached a 30-win season that would win him a promised $10,000 bonus, Comiskey had his star pitcher benched rather than be forced to come up with the extra cash. The players had few options in dealing with their penurious owner. Because of baseball's famous reserve clause, any player who refused to accept a contract was prohibited from playing baseball on any other professional team. The bitterness Sox players felt for their owner led eight members of the team to enter into a conspiracy that would forever change the game of baseball and be remembered as the greatest scandal in the history of professional sports. They would agree to throw the World Series.
Simulating the effect of soft undulating surface on outdoor noise propagation using equivalent sources

Noise generated by large explosions at military bases causes discomfort to residents living in the vicinity, for up to 20km away. This noise explosion has strong low-frequency content and can travel over long distances. The attenuation of this acoustic wave depends on the shape of the surface. Calculating a faraway acoustic field above an undulating soft surface is difficult. The complex equivalent source method (CESM) is employed here to model the acoustic transmission loss over the undulating soft surface for a low-frequency harmonic excitation. The softness is represented by additional sources which are paraxial to the image source with complex locations. This integral is known to be convergent for acceptable impedances. Additional sources are used to account for the undulation, and their amplitudes, phases and locations are determined by solving a least-square problem derived from the boundary conditions. The method then estimates the pressure field using superposition of the effect of the equivalent sources. We simulated the method for single harmonic excitations and for different surface geometries and impedances.
Evaluation of Juvenile Competency to Proceed: Applying the Dusky Standard

Despite the general lack of legal guidance in defining the minimum standard for juvenile competency to proceed, such evaluations are frequently requested. Research suggests that younger adolescents are found incompetent at higher rates than adults and may have unique deficits due to their developmental immaturity. Evaluators must consider these potential deficits when applying the Dusky standard to juvenile evaluations, and make reasonable recommendations regarding the likelihood of the achievement of competence if developmental immaturity plays a fundamental role. This case vignette illustrates how to evaluate and consider developmental immaturity when applying the Dusky standard to juvenile competency to proceed.
Measures of Association

This contribution provides an overview of the commonly used measures of association for categorical variables. The discussion of these measures is broken down by (1) the size of the contingency table, (2) the measurement scale of the variables involved, and (3) the interpretability of the measure. Keywords: categorical; contingency table; chi-square; ordinal; nominal
Metropolitan Growth Policies and New Housing Supply: Evidence from Australia's Capital Cities

This paper empirically examines the relationship between house price change, metropolitan growth policies, and new housing supply in Australia's five major capital cities. Our hypothesis suggests capital cities with tighter regulations on new development will have fewer housing starts and price elasticities than those in less-regulated markets. The empirical procedure used in this paper utilises the Urban Growth Model of Housing Supply developed in Mayer and Somerville (2000a and 2000b) and employed in Zabel and Patterson (2006) by using quarterly data on housing approvals and house prices from 1996-2010. Data on metropolitan growth policies in Australia is borrowed from Hamnett and Kellett (2007). Preliminary findings indicate that new housing supply in Australian capital cities is elastic to housing price changes, as a one per cent increase in prices leads to an approximately 4-6 per cent increase in housing approvals over five quarters. While this indicates a properly functioning housing market, the estimated elasticity is about a third of other developed countries, such as the United States. Furthermore, the use of established growth policies, such as urban growth boundaries and urban consolidation, appears to have a greater impact on new housing approvals than adoption of new-style growth policies, such as development corporations and infrastructure levies. However, both types of policies decrease new housing supply.
Anticipatory States: Tsunami, War, and Insecurity in Sri Lanka

In 2004, a tsunami caused unprecedented damage and destruction in the Indian Ocean region. For Sri Lanka, the second-most affected country, with over thirty-thousand deaths and five-hundred-thousand displaced, the tsunami resulted in the introduction of new disaster management institutions, logics, and technologies. The formation and implementation of these new institutions, logics, and technologies must be understood alongside a human-made disaster: the decades-long civil war between the Sri Lankan government and the militant insurgent group of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). I outline the ways that the tsunami opened the door for national and social restructuring in Sri Lanka: the devastation of the tsunami and the logics of disaster risk management that followed it offered a political opening for new techniques of state power and projects of nation-building—a process I call disaster nationalism. This governmentality of disaster risk management plays out through an anticipation of disasters, in which disasters, both natural and human-made, are ever-possible future threats that justify ongoing practices and technologies of securitization. Yet state attempts to control the future remain in constant tension with the attitudes and opinions of people who have been affected by both the tsunami and war. These collective relations, practices, and structures of feelings are what I refer to as anticipatory states. From the calculative risk management projects of the Sri Lankan state to the everyday state of being ready and aware in the spaces of disaster, anticipation weaves into and out of experiences and encounters, its different forms and possibilities shaped by complexly layered histories and landscapes of disaster and violence, and, even, forces beyond the control of the anticipatory state.
Sulfur metabolism of Bacillus subtilis

Abstract Sulfur metabolism in Bacillus subtilis resembles that in Escherichia coli in permitting ready assimilation of sulfur from sulfate, thiosulfate and cystine. B. subtilis differes from E. coli in reactions involving sulfade. Sulfide is toxic to B. subtilis but not to E. coli B. subtilis contains rhodanese (thiosulfate: cyanide sulfur transferase, EC 2.8.1.1), an enzyme capable of reducing thiosulfate to the sulfide level of oxidation, and E. coli does not. Cysteine is toxic for both organisms. In B. subtilis cultures, cysteine toxicity is overcome by a mechanism not involving either desulfhydration or oxidation; a lag period is followed by growth which utilizes the cysteine exclusively as sulfur source. Sulfide, although highly toxic to B. subtilis, is also used a preferred sulfur source when present in sufficiently low concentration. B. subtilis rhodanese has been purified about 70-fold from cell lysates, in which it occurs as a soluble enzyme. Like tha mammalian liver mitochondrial rhodanese, it possesses both sulfur transferase and thiosulfate reductase activities which are not assayable through the intact membrane.