cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
272. Rapid Identification of Tumor- and Neoantigen-Reactive T-Cell Receptors for Personalized Immunotherapy

Adoptive transfer of T-cell receptor (TCR) gene engineered T-cells targeting tumor-associated antigens can mediate cancer regression. Accumulating evidence suggests that the clinical success of many immunotherapies is mediated by T-cells targeting mutated neoantigens unique to the patient. We hypothesized that the most frequent TCR clonotypes infiltrating the tumor were reactive against tumor antigens. We thus developed a multi-step strategy that involved CDR3-TCRB deep sequencing of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and matching of TCRA-TCRB pairs by pairSEQ and single cell RT-PCR. CDR3 TCRA-TCRB pairs identified with this approach, were then reconstructed to full length based on IMGT database [http://www.imgt.org], synthetized and cloned into non-viral and retroviral expression vectors. T-cells were gene-engineered with these TCRs and tested against tumor cell lines and antigen presenting cells expressing tandem minigenes encoding mutated tumor neoantigens and/or pulsed with corresponding mutated peptides. Analysis of 12 fresh metastatic melanomas revealed that in 11 samples, up to 5 tumor-reactive TCRs were present in the 5 most frequently occurring clonotypes including reactivity against neoantigens. These data demonstrate the feasibility of developing a rapid approach for the identification of tumor-reactive TCRs that can be used for personalized TCR-gene therapy.
The experimental study of recombinant adenovirus-mediated human wild type p53 gene transfection into neuroblastoma cell line

Objective To observe the effect of transduetion of human wild type gene(wt-p53) mediated by recombinant adenovirus on cell growth, cell cycle and apoptosis of neuroblastoma (NB) cell line SH-SY5Y. Methods The NB cell line SH-SY5Y were transfected by recombinant adenovirus with green fluorescent protein(Ad-GFP). The suitable muhiplieity of infection (MOI) was determined after trans-fer efficiency was tested by flow cytometry (FCM). Both recombinant adenovirus(Ad) and recombinant adenovirus mediating wt-p53 gene (Ad-p53) were transfected into SH-SY5Y cells. SH-SY5Y cells without any transfection were used as blank group. The p53 protein expres-sion was validated by Western blot. Cell number was counted and growth curve was drawn. Both cell cycle and apoptesis were detected by FCM. Results The results indicated that the transfer efficiency of recombinant adenovirus to SH-SY5Y was satisfied, and 100 MOI was suitable. After transfection with Ad-p53, p53 protein was high expressed. Cell growth were inhibited, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest were in-duced in p53 gene transfeetion group. Conclusions Our results indicate that clinical application of the in vitro p53 gone modified tumor cell vaccine might be feasible and effective in clinical treatment of NB. Key words: Genes, P53 ; Neuroblastoma; Transfection ; Cell proliferation; Cell cycle; Apoptosis
Protecting Personal Information Online: A Survey of User Privacy Concerns and Control Techniques

Users struggle to protect personal information while completing transactions requiring a modicum of trust in today's e-business environment. E-businesses argue that they need personal information t...
The Work of Cybersecurity Advocates

Cyber attacks are on the rise, endangering our sensitive information at an alarming rate. Cybersecurity advocates attempt to counter this wave of attacks by promoting security best practices. Their impact on organizational uptake varies and there is little research to understand this. Our study explores the motivations, characteristics, and practices of cybersecurity advocates. Eight preliminary interviews reveal that successful advocates must not only possess technical skills, but also a strong orientation toward service, people, context, and communication. Implications may include training and tools that better support security advocacy efforts.
The heat/mass transfer analogy for a backward facing step

Abstract Heat and mass transfer from a surface to a stream of fluid are governed by Fourier’s law and Fick’s law respectively,which are mathematical manifestations of the process of diffusion. In the realm of transport processes, the mathematical equations describing the two phenomena can become analogous under certain assumptions and boundary conditions. From an engineering perspective, it is difficult to measure heat transfer coefficients in separated flows because of high spatial thermal gradients and the intrusive nature of the various techniques. The analogous mass transfer measurement using the naphthalene sublimation, on the other hand, overcomes these challenges and presents significant advantages of speed, economy, better resolution and accuracy over its heat transfer counter-part. However, quantitatively, the diffusion rates of heat in air and naphthalene in air are different. So, the physical and mathematical similarity between the two processes can be utilized effectively only when the analogy factor (F = Nu/Sh) is determined. This study investigates the heat/mass transfer analogy in a turbulent separated flow behind a backward facing step. The heat (Nu) and mass (Sh) transfer measurements were made using the thermal boundary layer measurement technique and the naphthalene sublimation measurement respectively under near identical flow conditions. Analogous boundary conditions of uniform temperature and constant concentration were imposed on the active surfaces, which is the recirculation-reattachment region behind the backward facing step. The Nu and Sh values thus obtained were used to calculate the analogy factor, F, which was found to be 0.692.
Estimating Construction Labor Productivity Frontier: Pilot Study

AbstractExisting practice compares actual productivity with historical data to gauge construction operation efficiency. However, this practice is accurate only if historical data reflect optimal va...
Comparative Analysis of MicroRNA Expression among Benign and Malignant Tongue Tissue and Plasma of Patients with Tongue Cancer.

Background: Identification of a miRNA pattern to be used as a biomarker for HNSCC is challenging given the heterogeneity of the disease and different methodologies used. To better define the field, we performed a prospective analysis of blood, tumor and paired benign tissues in tongue SCC patients. Methods: Plasma samples were collected prior to surgery and paired tumor and benign tissue blocks were collected from tongue cancer resections. Circulating free and exosomal-miRNA, and paired tumor and benign tissues-miRNA were analyzed. TaqMan-based miRNA arrays were used to quantitate the expression of 747 human miRNAs. The comparative Ct method assessed the miRNA profile results, and student t-test determined statistical significance between tumor and benign samples. Results: Sixteen of 359 miRNAs detected were differentially expressed between paired tumor and benign tissue. Nine were upregulated and 7 downregulated in tumor tissue. All 9 upregulated, and 6 of 7 downregulated tumor-miRNAs were expressed in circulating exosomes. In contrast, 8 of 9 upregulated and 4 of 7 downregulated tumor-miRNAs were circulating free in the plasma. Conclusions: An aberrantly expressed pattern of miRNA was identified in both tumor and plasma of patients with tongue SCC, suggesting this may be a biomarker for SCC of the oral tongue. Circulating exosomes appear to be a more reliable method for evaluation of circulating tumor-miRNA expression. Further studies with a larger cohort of patients and serial blood samples are needed to validate our findings.
Using Acaricides in Combination with Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henroit to Suppress Tetranychus urticae Koch Populations

Acaricides are often used to suppress populations of the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch. Problems associated with acaricide use have led some ornamental producers to incorporate r...
Mechanical circulatory support for acute right ventricular failure in the setting of pulmonary embolism.

Background Right ventricular (RV) failure due to pulmonary embolism (PE) increases morbidity and mortality and contributes to prolonged hospital length of stay and higher costs of care. RV mechanical circulatory support (MCS) including Impella RP devices have been increasingly used in hemodynamically compromised PE patients who are refractory to intravascular volume expansion and inotropic therapy. However, effectiveness and safety of Impella RP, in hemodynamically unstable PE patients is unknown. Methods We included consecutive patients who presented to Detroit Medical Center between November 3, 2015 and October 2, 2017 with acute PE and had evidence of hemodynamic compromise indicating Impella RP. Results Total of five cases were identified. All patients met the shock definition due to massive or submassive PE and therefore received Impella RP on admission. Cardiac index was improved from mean of 1.69/min/m2, (0.88-2.15 L/min/m2 ), to 2.5 L/min/m2 (range 1.88-3.4), after 24 h of treatment. Similarly, mean heart rate reduced to 92 beats per minute (79-105), and mean systolic blood pressure increased to 140 mmHg (115-179). No significant changes were found in renal function, hemoglobin and platelets level during device use. One patient experienced hemoglobin drop from 13.7 to 7.3 g/dL but did not require blood transfusion. All patients survived to discharge. Conclusion In patients with PE and RV shock, Impella RP device resulted in immediate hemodynamic benefit with reversal of shock and favorable survival to discharge.
Monolithic Silicon Photonic WDM Transceivers

Monolithic silicon photonic technology provides high bandwidth and large volume for datacom applications, while maintaining the low-cost assembly and waferscale test readiness characteristic of CMOS. Monolithic integration and high-yield CMOS processing enables complex, high-performance WDM architectures for CWDM4 transceivers.
Pre-existing White Matter Disease Burden Impacts Cognitive Outcome after Inpatient Rehabilitation for Ischemic Stroke (S37.004)

Objective: To investigate the predictive value of the presence and severity of white matter hyperintensities on cognitive and motor rehabilitation outcomes after an acute ischemic stroke. Background: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) have been shown to impact functional outcomes after ischemic stroke. However, their role in cognitive recovery after ischemic stroke is unclear. Therefore, it is important to evaluate if WMH can predict the degree of cognitive recovery after inpatient rehabilitation. Design/Methods: We retrospectively studied 162 patients admitted to inpatient rehabilitation after an acute ischemic stroke. We reviewed patient demographics, presence of co-morbidities, infarct volume, pre-admission Modified Rankin Scale, TOAST criteria, acute interventions for their stroke, rehabilitation length of stay, and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scores (motor and cognitive) at admission and discharge from rehab. WMH were graded according to the Fazekas scale on the basis of visual assessment in both periventricular and subcortical areas. Results: 162 patient charts reviewed, 53 were excluded due to primary intracerebral hemorrhage and insufficient imaging. 109 patients were included in the final analysis. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that, when adjusted for infarct volume, NIHSS stroke scale and age; severity of WMH as graded on Fazekas scale independently predicted Functional Independence Measure (FIM) cognitive scores at discharge (p Conclusions: In this retrospective analysis, we found that severity of WMH hyperintensities as graded by Fazekas scale is an independent predictor of cognitive FIM scores after inpatient rehabilitation for acute ischemic stroke. Disclosure: Dr. Heiser has nothing to disclose. Dr. Packard has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bernicchi has nothing to disclose. Dr. Khan has nothing to disclose.
Precision medicine in a dish

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patient–derived organoids might predict treatment response and precision medicine for cancer patients.
c-axis Josephson tunneling in d x 2 -y 2 -wave superconductors

The temperature and angular dependence of the c-axis Josephson current and the superfluid density in layered d x 2 - y 2-wave superconductors are studied within the framework of an extended Ambegaokar-Baratoff formalism. Inparticular, the effects of angle-dependent tunneling matrix elements and Andreev scattering at grain boundaries are taken into account. These lead to strong corrections of the low-temperature behavior of the plasma frequency and the Josephson current. Recent c-axis measurements on the cuprate high-temperature superconductors HgBa 2 CaCu 1 + δ and Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8 + δ can therefore be interpreted to be consistent with a d x 2 - y 2-wave order parameter.
Development of a Coupled and Unified Solution Method for Fluid-Structure Interactions

Traditional fluid-structure solutions usually involve the use of distinct methodologies and codes, eg., finite-volume for the fluids and finite-element for the structural dynamics [GG92]. Such a strategy consequently involves the use of sub-iterations to ensure temporal accuracy [MM98]. Alternately, a staggered solution procedure that preserves temporal accuracy without sub-iterations may be employed [FL98]. Further, coupled implicit solution schemes have also been developed [FF92]. Despite these developments, issues remain regarding the accuracy of load transfers between the fluid and structural domains as well as the robustness and efficiency of loosely-coupled solution approaches. In this article, we consider a unified formulation that employs finite-volume solutions of both the fluid and structural counterparts and a fully coupled solution of the combined system. Specific attention is paid to the formulation of the interface flux balance between the fluid and structural zones to insure appropriate flux conservation at the interface as well as full implicitness of the non-linear solution procedure. The algorithm is applied to one-dimensional fluid-structure problems to demonstrate the capabilities of the method.
Program By Design: graphics-first programming without drowning in syntax

The "Program By Design" (nee "TeachScheme!") curriculum has been used to great success in middle schools, high schools, community colleges, liberal-arts colleges, and research universities, and won Matthias Felleisen the two highest awards in computer science education, the ACM Karlstrom award and the SIGCSE Distinguished Educator award. The curriculum starts with a beginner-friendly IDE (DrRacket) and a simple language (a tiny subset of Scheme), emphasizing an explicit, concrete problem-solving strategy and motivating central CS and math concepts (variables, functions, composition, data types, classes, polymorphism, etc.) with graphics and animation. Using this curriculum, I routinely teach non-CS-majors to write separable-model, event-driven GUI programs involving higher-order functions and recursive traversal of linked data structures, all within their first semester. For CS majors, we then show (in a second semester) how the same concepts and strategies apply in a more difficult language like Java.
Stress Corrosion Crack Growth in Pipe Grade Steels in Near Neutral pH Environment

This paper is concerned with an accelerated testing and modeling of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) phenomena in pipe grade steels in near neutral pH environment. In modeling of SCC, the authors adopt the crack layer theory that provides formalism to account for contributions to crack growth rate such processes as electro-chemical corrosion, hydrogen embrittlement and mechanical loading. Special attention is paid to the hydrogen diffusion, a precursor to hydrogen embrittlement. The energy-momentum tensor (Eshelby's tensor) is employed to evaluate the thermodynamic forces responsible for SC crack growth. Griffith' crack equilibrium condition is used to derive a quasi-equilibrial SC crack growth equation. A parametric study and comparison with the experimental results of corrosion fatigue tests for various maximal stress, stress ratio and electric potential are performed to examine the validity of the proposed model.
Recent Mass Doublet Results from the University of Minnesota

This paper will describe some of the recent mass doublet measurements made at the University of Minnesota during the period since AMCO 5. I will discuss two Ph.D. thesis experiments. The first, submitted by Dr. Justin Halverson in June 1977 involves doublet measurements of some isotopes of erbium, hafnium and osmium and also a remeasurement of the 13C – 12C mass difference. The second thesis, by Ronald Smith, was submitted in December 1977 and involved our first attempt at doublet measurements of short half-life unstable isotopes with conventional doublet techniques.
Review section 45.90

Reviews De ultramodernidades y sus contemporaneos. By Luis Rebaza Soraluz. Reviewed by: Jose Rafael Chavarry The Cry of the Renegade: Politics and Poetry in Interwar Chile. By Raymond B. Craib. Reviewed by: Claire F. Fox After Human Rights: Literature, Visual Arts, and Film in Latin America, 1990-2010. By Fernando J. Rosenberg. Reviewed by: Anne Lambright Public Pages: Reading along the Latin American Streetscape. By Marcy Schwartz. Reviewed by: Viviane Mahieux Delirious Consumption: Aesthetics and Consumer Capitalism in Mexico and Brazil. By Sergio Delgado Moya. Reviewed by: Francine Masiello Acoustic Properties: Radio, Narrative, and the New Neighborhood of the Americas. By Tom McEnaney. Reviewed by: Tania Gentic Tropical Riffs: Latin America and the Politics of Jazz. By Jason Borge. Reviewed by: Charles A. Perrone The Great Woman Singer: Gender and Music in Puerto Rican Music. By Licia Fiol-Matta. Reviewed by: Ana Cecilia Calle-Poveda
Competency-Based Education: The Future of Learning

Competency-based education (CBE) has been the focus of much attention lately - from institutions, employers, and policymakers alike. Institutions - from ivy leagues to community colleges to K-12 - are incorporating some form of CBE. In computer science, CBE is an excellent modality to measure mastery and thus prepare students for the next phase whether it is further education or a job. This workshop introduces participants to CBE with an emphasis on CBE course design and competency development. This workshop will be useful for faculty and course designers at all levels - from K-12 through graduate school.
Rainfall trends in the African Sahel: Characteristics, processes, and causes

Sahel rainfall is dynamically linked to the global Hadley cell and to the regional monsoon circulation. It is therefore susceptible to forcings from remote oceans and regional land alike. Warming of the oceans enhances the stability of the tropical atmosphere and weakens deep ascent in the Hadley circulation. Warming of the Sahara and of the nearby oceans changes the structure and position of the regional shallow circulation and allows more of the intense convective systems that determine seasonal rain accumulation. These processes can explain the observed interannual to multidecadal variability. Sea surface temperature anomalies were the dominant forcing of the drought of the 1970s and 1980s. In most recent decades, seasonal rainfall amounts have partially recovered, but rainy season characteristics have changed: rainfall is more intense and intermittent and wetting is concentrated in the late rainy season and away from the west coast. Similar subseasonal and subregional differences in rainfall trends characterize the simulated response to increased greenhouse gases, suggesting an anthropogenic influence. While uncertainty in future projections remains, confidence in them is encouraged by the recognition that seasonal mean rainfall depends on large‐scale drivers of atmospheric circulations that are well resolved by current climate models. Nevertheless, observational and modeling efforts are needed to provide more refined projections of rainfall changes, expanding beyond total accumulation to metrics of intraseasonal characteristics and risk of extreme events, and coordination between climate scientists and stakeholders is needed to generate relevant information that is useful even under deep uncertainty. This article is categorized under: Paleoclimates and Current Trends > Modern Climate Change
Insomnia severity during early abstinence is related to substance use treatment completion in adults enrolled in an intensive outpatient program.

Abstract Background Insomnia and other types of sleep disturbance are highly prevalent during withdrawal across many different types of substance use disorders (SUDs). It is largely unknown how sleep impacts SUD treatment outcomes, including treatment completion. Methods A retrospective chart review was conducted to obtain information about sleep disturbance and treatment completion in individuals beginning an intensive outpatient (IOP) SUD treatment program. Demographic data were collected along with number of sessions completed, treatment completion, comorbid psychiatric diagnosis, pertinent lab results, and scores on three self-reported measures of sleep: the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Results Pertinent information was available for 110 individuals. The majority had clinically significant scores on the ISI and PSQI but not the ESS. ISI, but not PSQI or ESS, was associated with treatment completion, such that those with more insomnia were less likely to complete treatment. Conclusion The high prevalence of insomnia symptoms and poor sleep quality coupled with the relationship between insomnia severity and treatment completion may indicate that more severe symptoms of insomnia are a risk factor for treatment completion and subsequent relapse across many substance types. Applying evidence-based insomnia interventions in SUD treatment programs may have meaningful implications for outcomes.
Interactional relevance of linguistic categories: Epistemic modals daroo and deshoo in Japanese conversation

Abstract The present study investigates the locally situated interactional functions of so-called epistemic modals, daroo and deshoo, in Japanese conversation. Although the two forms are generally considered plain and polite variants of the same epistemic modal, both forms frequently appear in the present casual conversational data. A detailed sequential analysis demonstrates that daroo and deshoo are used to perform various social actions rather than simply expressing the speaker's conjecture. Deshoo has a rather fixed function of soliciting alignment or confirmation from the interlocutor. On the other hand, daroo works as part of larger constructions for various actions, including (i) displaying spontaneity, (ii) expressing neutral or uninvolved stance, (iii) displaying alignment, (iv) qualifying one's assertion, and (v) challenging the interlocutor's assertion. The findings suggest that linguistic categories such as ‘epistemic modals’ are epiphenomena of social interaction ( Ford et al., 2013 ), which are not themselves interactionally relevant to the conversational participants.
Modeling and Research of Resistance Characteristics of an Interlocking Side Milling Cutter with a Constructive Radial Feed When Processing Extended RK-profile Shafts

Purpose of research . The study is devoted to improving the resistance characteristics of an interlocking side milling cutter with a constructive radial feed when processing extended RK profile shafts while maintaining the required quality of surface treatment. Methods . Forming of RK profiles by milling with a disk cutter with a constructive radial feed allows you to obtain the required surface quality with high processing productivity. Due to the fact that the processing conditions for each cutting insert are different, it is necessary to study the resistance of interchangeable polyhedral inserts (IPI) and to search for structural solutions to reduce the range of change in resistance, while maintaining the quality of surface treatment of the PK profile. The influence of the use of an uneven pitch of location both on the quality of processing and on the resistance of each individual insert is studied. Results . The paper presents a method for calculating the resistance of an IPI of a interlocking side milling cutter during processing of an extended RK profile of a shaft, taking into account the individual conditions of their operation, namely: cutting speed, feed to the tooth, milling width and the diametrical position of the IPI Conclusion . The analysis of the influence of the structural parameters of the cutter on changing the range of values of the resistance of IPI is made, and recommendations for its reduction are proposed. The main design parameters that affect the change in the resistance range are also identified.
Cognitive and Educational Interventions for Orphans and Vulnerable Children Affected by HIV/AIDS: A Meta-Analysis

Orphans and vulnerable children affected by HIV/AIDS (HIV OVC) are at risk for cognitive difficulties and lack of access to education. Interventions addressing cognitive or educational outcomes for HIV OVC worldwide were examined through systematic searches conducted from October 2016 to 2019. We examined the summative effectiveness of interventions and the specific effects of participant age and intervention length. Interventions targeting cognitive outcomes had a small, significant effect, with no effect of moderating variables. Interventions targeting educational outcomes had significant effects. Educational interventions over 1 year were effective, but effects of intervention length were not significant. Overall, this review provides support for the effectiveness of interventions targeting cognitive and educational outcomes for OVC and highlights the need for more research on such interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Longitudinal study of the housing and mental health outcomes of tenants appearing in eviction court

Millions of people are evicted from rental properties in the U.S. annually, but little is known about them and their mental health. This study followed a cohort of eviction court participants over time and assessed their housing and mental health outcomes. One hundred and twenty-one tenants were recruited from an eviction court in New Haven, Connecticut, and their housing, mental health, and psychosocial status were assessed at baseline, 1, 3, 6, and 9 months following their encounter with the court. Inverse probability weighting was used for missing data. At baseline, 42% of participants had appeared in eviction court before, 28% had experienced eviction, and 44% had been previously homeless. In addition, 39% screened positive for generalized anxiety disorder, 37% for posttraumatic stress disorder, 33% for major depressive disorder, and 17% reported suicidal ideation. At follow-up, participants experienced increased days of housing instability and homelessness over time with some persistent mental health symptoms. Less than one-quarter of participants received any mental health treatment during the 9-month follow-up period. About 54% of participants followed reported that they had to change their residence after their court appearance consistent with court records. Participants who had an eviction-related move experienced greater housing instability over time than participants who did not. Together, these findings suggest that there is a sizable subgroup of adults who present to eviction court with persistent housing and mental health issues who do not receive adequate assistance in addressing these issues.
Weight stigma and media: An examination of the effect of advertising campaigns on weight bias, internalized weight bias, self-esteem, body image, and affect

While some media perpetuate weight stigma and an ideal of thinness, certain advertising campaigns, such as Aerie Real and Dove Real Beauty, have attempted to promote body acceptance. The current study evaluated the influence of exposure to these campaigns on weight bias, internalized weight bias (IWB), self-esteem, body image, and affect relative to exposure to a campaign perpetuating the thin ideal and a documentary on weight stigma. 475 female participants were randomized to one of five conditions: Aerie, Dove, Victoria's Secret, an HBO documentary, or control (i.e., neutral video clip). Participants completed measures of weight bias, IWB, self-esteem, body image, and affect one week prior to and immediately after watching the assigned video clip. Results showed positive effects of the Aerie and Dove campaigns on women. While global measures of weight bias and IWB were unchanged, women who viewed the Dove and Aerie campaigns reported significantly improved self-esteem and positive affect. Further, women found the campaigns to have positive, uplifting, and empowering messages. Aerie's and Dove's acceptance-promoting advertising campaigns positively influenced self-esteem and mood, and they are potential tools for weight bias reduction. Advertisements and media have the potential to impact weight-based attitudes in society.
The relationship between sensory stimuli and the physical environment in complex healthcare settings: A systematic literature review.

Abstract Objectives This systematic review presented the current status of literature on the outcomes resulted from sensory stimuli in critical care environments as well as the environmental interventions that can improve or impede the impact of such sensory stimuli. Methods Articles found through a systematic search of PsycINFO, Web of Science, and PubMed databases, in combination with a hand search, were reviewed for eligibility by two independent coders. Reporting and quality appraisals were based on PRISMA and MMAT guidelines. Results Out of 1118 articles found, and only 30 were eligible. Final articles were comprised of issues related to noise, lighting, and temperature. Identified sensory stimuli resulted in psychological and physiological outcomes among both patients and staff. Examples include impacts on stress, delirium, sleep disturbances, poor performance and communication. The environmental factors that influence sensory stimuli included layout, room size, artificial lighting, presence of windows and acoustical interventions. Conclusion Literature on the impact of sensory stimuli on staff is scarce compared to patients. Studies on environmental interventions are inadequate and lack structure. The physical environment can impact the patient and staff outcome resulting from noise, lighting, and temperature. When applied strategically, sensory stimuli can result in positive outcomes among patients and staff.
Second Linear Response Theory and the Analytic Calculation of Excited-State Properties.

We present a method based on second linear response time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) to calculate permanent and transition multipoles of excited states, which are required to comput...
Fully Integrated Broad-Band High Power Frequency Comb Based on a Multimode Gain Chip

We generate a Kerr frequency comb in a SiN ring spanning over 150nm with 23mW pump power. Self-injection locking of a multi-mode chip-based gain allows access to high pump power while maintaining single mode operation.
Tuesday, 10:30 a.m., August 31, 2010—Chicago to West Lafayette, IN

Ani sat within his office at the Policy Institute of Chicago placing the final touches onto an email he was preparing to send to Delta. Ani had attached several documents along with a bibliography of references for Delta. Now he reread it for typos.
Chapter 2 Fluorescent Analogs of Peptides and Hormones

Publisher Summary This chapter elaborates the fluorescent analogs of peptide and hormones. Fluorescent analogs of peptides and hormones have proved to be invaluable tools for studying the interaction of these molecules with living cells. Several fluorescence methods can provide information about the behavior of hormones and other peptide ligands in living cells which would be very difficult to obtain by alternative techniques. The fluorescent signal intensity must then be compared with the sensitivity of the fluorescence detection methods available to determine whether the proposed studies are feasible. In most cases the detectability of the fluorescence is not limited primarily by the sensitivity of the detector. Most fluorophores are affected significantly by their environment. It is found that if the fluorescent analogs are to be used for quantitative studies, it is essential to consider the factors that could alter the fluorescence in the cell. It is observed that when fluorescein is exposed to low pH, the excitation profile changes, with an overall decrease in fluorescence intensity. This can be very useful for measuring pH in lysosomes and endosomes.
An Evaluation of using Numerically Determined Minimum Time Isochrones for Real Time Applications

The ability to produce real time, time optimal control from a finite element solution of the minimum time isochrones of a double integrator system is investigated. Isochrones produced from two different solution schemes are used in the simulations. A real time environment is constructed by using two PC microcomputers. One computer calculates the control from the numerical solution while the other computer simulates the dynamic system. State and control information is relayed between the two computers using direct memory access. The results of the simulations show that the system can be controlled in real time. A controller based upon the switching curve is also used for comparison purposes.
Le revisioni acetabolari con cemento in compressione armato nei difetti di grado II e III dell’AIR

The work describes a new technique to reconstruct the acetabulum in the course of aseptic re-prosthesing of the hip. Two hundred and eighty six (286) patients — from 1996 to 2008; aged between 65 and 86 — were treated because of an acetabular component mobilization (80% cemented cup, 20% uncemented cup) with several degrees of bone loss, always with serious reabsorption of the superior dome of the acetabulum. The surgical technique during reconstruction of the bone loss of the superior dome of the acetabulum consists in the application of acrylic cement under compression, first with appropriate surgical instruments; then the ring was reinforced with screws through the acrylic cement and fixed on the bone. Two hundred and twenty one (221) patients were visited and checked every six months and X-ray examinations were performed. None of the patients reported clinical symptoms related to the acetabulum. X-ray images show that a restabilization of the rotation center of the hip was achieved in 92% of cases. No mobilization of the new prosthetic device was evidenced. Only in 6 patients X-rays show a radiolucent line at the cement-bone interface, which occurred during the first six months after the surgical intervention but did not progress afterwards. While examining the results obtained using this new technique, it is worthwhile to evaluate them in comparison to those in massive transplants or bone chips transplants, procedures employed in the reconstruction of the acetabulum in patients older than 70 or afflicted by such pathologies as cancer, renal and hepatic disorders, hematological and immune diseases. We often see in those patients that bone transplant is only partially restored, with risk of a later prosthesis mobilization. Another advantage of this technique is the fast execution of the procedure once the educational stage has been accomplished.
Linear response functions of two convective parameterization schemes

[1] Two 1-D atmospheric column models containing convective parameterization schemes are compared to a 3-D cloud system resolving model (CSRM) using a recent technique that admits study of responses of convection to small temperature and moisture anomalies. The MIT Single-Column Model (MSCM) and Diabat3 (D3) are the column models of study. There exist notable differences between the responses of the column models and those of the CSRM. Both column models retain prescribed temperature anomalies and MSCM retains moisture anomalies for much longer than the CSRM. D3 excessively warms anomalous moist layers. Neither column model warms the upper troposphere following moist anomalies or cools the upper troposphere following warm anomalies in the middle troposphere. Responses in both column models are mostly local—suggesting that a significant attribute of the CSRM response is missing from these models. Such differences have implications to the simulation of large-scale convective phenomena, such as the growth and propagation of convectively coupled waves (CCW). The technique employed herein can be used as a basis for tuning and modifying convective parameterization schemes.
Taxpayer Standing From Flast to Hein

This essay plays off a critique by Professor Maya Manian of an article where I discussed the decision in Hein v. Freedom From Religion Foundation, Inc., 551 U.S. 587 (2007) (plurality opinion). While Professor Manian was concerned about how the result in Hein would lead to under enforcement of church-state separation, my article had utilized Hein, and more generally the law of taxpayer standing beginning with Flast v. Cohen (1968), to look beyond the question of aid to religion. Rather, I began by showing that the only cases in which the Court had announced a “generalized grievance” and thereby denied standing were when the cases alleged a structural violation of the Constitution as opposed to stating rights-based claims. Taxpayer claims allege a structural violation, thus they are dismissed as “generalized grievances”. Since Flast, however, the Court has made one exception: where the taxpayer claim concerns an appropriation said to violate the Establishment Clause. It follows that the Court is viewing the Establishment Clause as a structural restraint; namely, the separation of church and state is about keeping in right order these two centers of authority. That is why it can be said that the Establishment Clause is about policing the boundary between government and organized religion. The Court responded to that in Flast by making an exception to the rule against taxpayer standing. In Hein, the Roberts Court, by a vote of 7-2, continued to adhere to the presupposition that the Establishment Clause is structural in nature.
AN INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL FOR INTEGRATING CONTENT‐AREA INSTRUCTION WITH COGNITIVE STRATEGY INSTRUCTION

The limitations of treating learning strategy instruction and content‐area subject instruction as separate rather than integrated components of the curriculum when teaching students with learning difficulties are addressed. A discussion of the challenges related to providing more integrated instructional formats follows. To address these challenges, a working instructional model that integrates two forms of scaffolded instruction is described within a context of providing students constructivistic learning experiences.
On the variability of the stratospheric column resistance in the global electric circuit

Abstract There is a discrepancy between the observed amplitudes of vertical current density ( J z ) and electric field ( E z ) in the global circuit responding to inputs modulated by solar activity, as compared to modeled amplitudes. These responses to estimated changes in ionization production are larger than modeled and increase with increasing content of stratospheric aerosol. The discrepancies could be resolved if the column resistance of the stratosphere and upper troposphere is greater than previously calculated due to two effects. The first is the presence of very thin cirrus, subvisible clouds, aerosol and polar stratospheric clouds near the tropopause level and in the lower stratosphere. They raise the resistivity there so that the changes in the lower energy galactic cosmic ray flux, at those altitudes and at middle to high latitudes where the changes are larger than elsewhere, can increase the sensitivity of the global circuit to the solar modulation of the GCR energy spectrum. The second effect is postulated to be most important at times of high stratospheric aerosol loading and is attributed to the presence of a layer of ultrafine H 2 SO 4 /H 2 O aerosol particles that is only present in the descending part of the stratospheric diabatic circulation at middle and high latitudes. With average levels of precipitating relativistic electron flux at those latitudes, the layer has little effect on the ionosphere–Earth column resistance, but for very low flux levels, such as following solar wind heliospheric current sheet crossings, the reduced ionization production allows the column resistance of the layer to rise to become a non-negligible fraction of the total ionosphere–Earth column resistance. This variation in column resistance modulates J z at those latitudes, consistent with the variations that have been inferred from the sparse observations of J z that are available and from observations of other phenomena thought to be causes and effects of the J z variations.
Exploring the differential experience of breast cancer treatment-related symptoms: a cluster analytic approach

Introduction Cancer patients experience multiple concurrent symptoms. This exploratory analysis assessed symptom burden among patients undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer to identify distinct subgroups of patients who experience differential symptom burden and assessed whether the patient subgroups were associated with deleterious quality of life (QOL) outcomes.
Activated decay pathways for planar vs twisted singlet phenylalkenes.

The ground state conformation, spectroscopy, and photochemical behavior of styrene and eight of its vinyl- and ring-methylated derivatives have been investigated. Introduction of methyl groups at the α-position of the vinyl group or the ortho positions of the phenyl results in increased phenyl−vinyl dihedral angles. Styrenes possessing both α-methyl and ortho-methyl groups adopt orthogonal geometries. Decreased planarity results in a progressive blue-shift in the lowest energy allowed π,π* transition and a decrease in the singlet lifetime. Kinetic modeling of the temperature-dependent singlet lifetimes provides activation parameters for the activated decay pathway, which is assigned to CC torsion for styrenes with phenyl−vinyl dihedral angles, φ, < 60°. Planar styrenes have large torsional barriers (7 ± 1 kcal/mol) and decay predominantly via intersystem crossing and fluorescence at room temperature. Styrenes with values of 30° < φ < 60° have smaller torsional barriers and decay predominantly via CC torsi...
Effect of γ-Irradiation on the Biosynthesis of Carotenoids in the Tomato Fruit

Fruits of the lutescent tomato genetic line were exposed to γ-radiation at different stages of maturity to determine the effect of ionizing radiation on carotenoid synthesis in the ripening fruit. Irradiation generally resulted in the inhibition of carotenogenesis. The effect was more pronounced at the higher dosage and in less mature fruit. Lycopene synthesis was inhibited more extensively than β-carotene synthesis. The total carotenoid content was also generally lower in irradiated fruits. It was proposed that the β-carotene in the tomato fruit is formed by a pathway not involving lycopene.
Mechanism of enhanced photocatalysis with polyhydroxy fullerenes

Abstract Polyhydroxy fullerenes (PHF) have been applied for increasing the photocatalytic degradation rate of TiO2. Scavenging of photo-generated electrons and therefore higher generation of hydroxyl radicals was hypothesized as the mechanism for the observed enhancement. The present study confirms the increase in generation of hydroxyl radicals with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The concentration of hydroxyl radicals generated by a mixture of TiO2 and PHF was up to 60% greater than the concentration obtained without PHF. These results are consistent with the observed enhancement in dye degradation and microbial inactivation experiments. The current study also demonstrates that PHF can improve the photocatalytic activity of different TiO2.
Control-Initiated Case-Control Studies

In a control-initiated study the investigator begins with existing data on a non-diseased group and then selects cases to obtain comparison data; thus the usual order of case and control selection is reversed. This paper discusses the parallels and differences between control-initiated studies and more traditional case-control designs. Special attention is given to problems of selection bias and matching. A sample-size formula for control-initiated studies is also provided.
Cooperative diffusion in one-dimensional lattice gases

We obtain exact time-power series through 11th order for cooperative diffusion in a one-dimensional lattice gas with nearest-neighbor interactions. In the high-temperature limit (single-site exclusion one) mean field theory is exact and the model is soluble for arbitrary initial conditions. The exact solution is used to recast the time-power series for a general temperature as a series in the appropriate function obtained from the high-temperature limit. We discuss why more conventional methods of extracting power-law exponents for the asymptotic long-time behavior do not work well for this model.
Impaired Pancreatic α-Cell Response in Hyperthyroidism

Recently, we observed that in hyperthyroid patients, plasma glucagon was not adequately suppressed by an oral glucose load, suggesting altered pancreatic a-cell sensitivity. To further assess pancreatic α-cell function in hyperthyroidism, plasma glucose, glucagon, and insulin responses to a protein meal were determined in normal subjects and hyperthyroid patients. Fasting plasma glucose was normal in hyperthyroid patients. A protein meal produced an increase in plasma glucose levels in hyperthyroid patients, whereas in normal subjects, protein feeding was followed by a decline in blood glucose levels. Basal glucagon was markedly elevated in three of nine hyperthyroid patients, whereas in the remaining six, fasting plasma glucagon was unaltered. In both groups, protein feeding induced a glucagon rise; however, the increment was significantly smaller in hyperthyroid patients. In hyperthyroidism, fasting plasma insulin was raised and the insulin response to a protein meal was exaggerated. Furthermore, the in...
“A window on tissue” - Using facial orientation to control endoscopic views of tissue depth

An endoscope is an invaluable tool to interpret conditions within a body. Flexible endoscopes are controlled by a set of rotational knobs requiring a doctor's hands to guide and locate the view. This research uses a combination of a camera, facial recognition techniques and software to create a hands-free gesture recognition application for use by a physician to probe the internals of a human body. The physician will utilize the head movements to move the endoscopic camera freeing their hands to perform a procedure or other functions.
Radio psychology talk show hosts: Assessment of counseling style

Radio psychology talk show hosts' responses were analyzed using the 14-category Hill Counselor Verbal Response Category System (HCVRCS) and then compared with the verbal behaviors of other professional and non- professional helpers, including Carl Rogers, Fritz Perls, Albert Ellis, family practice lawyers, and mutual-help group leaders. Radio hosts tended to be active and directive in their verbal behaviors, offering primarily advice and information, and only infrequently reflecting, restating, or self-disclosing. In terms of overall verbal style, hosts strongly resembled Ellis and Perls, who were both highly active and directive in their interactions. Hosts were very dissimilar compared to Rogers, whose client-centered approach is principally nondirective. Although both hosts and lawyers were very active, lawyers emphasized facts and knowledge, whereas hosts focused more on feelings and insight. Compared to hosts, mutual-help group leaders gave more information and were more self-disclosing.