cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Different motif requirements for the localization zipcode element of β-actin mRNA binding by HuD and ZBP1

Interactions of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) with their target transcripts are essential for regulating gene expression at the posttranscriptional level including mRNA export/localization, stability, and translation. ZBP1 and HuD are RBPs that play pivotal roles in mRNA transport and local translational control in neuronal processes. While HuD possesses three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), ZBP1 contains two RRMs and four K homology (KH) domains that either increase target specificity or provide a multi-target binding capability. Here we used isolated cis-element sequences of the target mRNA to examine directly protein-RNA interactions in cell-free systems. We found that both ZBP1 and HuD bind the zipcode element in rat β-actin mRNA's 3' UTR. Differences between HuD and ZBP1 were observed in their binding preference to the element. HuD showed a binding preference for U-rich sequence. In contrast, ZBP1 binding to the zipcode RNA depended more on the structural level, as it required the proper spatial organization of a stem-loop that is mainly determined by the U-rich element juxtaposed to the 3' end of a 5'-ACACCC-3' motif. On the basis of this work, we propose that ZBP1 and HuD bind to overlapping sites in the β-actin zipcode, but they recognize different features of this target sequence.
Tetranucleotide microsatellite loci from the black bear (Ursus americanus).

We describe primers and polymerase chain reaction conditions to amplify 21 tetranucleotide microsatellite DNA loci in black bears (Ursus americanus). We tested primers using individuals from two populations, one each in Georgia and Florida. Among individuals from Georgia (n = 29), primer pairs yielded an average of 2.9 alleles (range, one to four) and an average observed heterozygosity (HO) of 0.50 (range, 0.00 to 0.79). Among individuals from Florida (n = 19), primer pairs yielded an average of 5.7 alleles (range, one to 14) and an HO of 0.55 (range, 0.00 to 1.00). A comparison of previously developed markers with individuals from Georgia suggests that bear populations in Georgia and Florida have reduced allelic diversity relative to other populations.
High-resolution mapping reveals hundreds of genetic incompatibilities in hybridizing fish species

Hybridization is increasingly being recognized as a common process in both animal and plant species. Negative epistatic interactions between genes from different parental genomes decrease the fitness of hybrids and can limit gene flow between species. However, little is known about the number and genome-wide distribution of genetic incompatibilities separating species. To detect interacting genes, we perform a high-resolution genome scan for linkage disequilibrium between unlinked genomic regions in naturally occurring hybrid populations of swordtail fish. We estimate that hundreds of pairs of genomic regions contribute to reproductive isolation between these species, despite them being recently diverged. Many of these incompatibilities are likely the result of natural or sexual selection on hybrids, since intrinsic isolation is known to be weak. Patterns of genomic divergence at these regions imply that genetic incompatibilities play a significant role in limiting gene flow even in young species.
Cellular Engineering and Gene Therapy Strategies for Insulin Replacement in Diabetes

In diabetes, insulin secretion is either completely absent (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [IDDM]) or inappropriately regulated (non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [NIDDM]). In recent years, new insights into the molecular and biochemical mechanism(s) of fuel-mediated insulin release coupled with advances in gene transfer technology have led to the investigation of molecular strategies for replacement of normal insulin delivery function. Such initiatives have included attempts to engineer glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in cell lines that might serve as surrogates for islets in IDDM. The development of DNA virus gene transfer systems of remarkable efficiency also has suggested ways in which the beta-cell dysfunction of NIDDM might ultimately be repaired by gene therapy. The emerging work in these areas and implications for the future are summarized in this perspective.
Metalloproteinase Inhibition Reduces Thrombolytic (Tissue Plasminogen Activator)–Induced Hemorrhage After Thromboembolic Stroke

Background and Purpose—A potentially dangerous side effect associated with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) use is cerebral hemorrhage. We have focused on developing drugs that could be administered with tPA to reduce the rate of hemorrhage. Since recent studies suggest that various matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are important in tumor necrosis factor-α production and membrane and vessel remodeling after ischemia, we investigated whether MMP inhibition affected the rate of hemorrhage and infarct production in the absence or presence of tPA treatment. Methods—We occluded the middle cerebral artery of New Zealand White rabbits with radiolabeled blood clots. Five minutes after embolization, we administered either the MMP inhibitor BB-94 (30 mg/kg SC) or its vehicle. Additional groups received BB-94 or vehicle in combination with tPA, administered 60 minutes after embolization (3.3 mg/kg tPA). After 48 hours, the rabbits were killed and brains were removed, immersion fixed for 1 week in 4% paraformaldehyd...
Vaccination coverage among kindergarten children in Phoenix, Arizona

Objective To evaluate school immunization records and document the immunization coverage and compliance level of children enrolled in kindergarten in Phoenix during the 2001—2002 school year. The purpose was to obtain information on: 1) immunization status by age two; 2) under-immunization in kindergarten; 3) administration error; and 4) transcription error.Methods Vaccination levels were estimated by conducting a retrospective immunization coverage survey of the immunization records of children in SW, SE, NE, and NW regions of Phoenix. A two-stage cluster design was used. Schools were randomly selected with the regions and students were systematically selected within the schools.Setting Twelve schools from Phoenix were surveyed. Immunization records for 865 student records were assessed. Children who had incomplete or unknown records were identified. Information on date of birth and dates of vaccination of each dose of vaccine was collected.Results Of the 857 records included in the analyses, 30.6 per ce...
Study of AcOH/HCOOH/H2O/CHCL3 Solvent System Application to the Separation of Two Large and Hydrophobic Fragments of Bacteriorhodopsin Membrane Protein by Centrifugal Partition Chromatography

Abstract Centrifugal Partition Chromatography has been found useful for the separation of C1 and C2, two large hydrophobic peptides resulting from the chymotryptic cleavage of the membrane protein Bacteriorhodopsin. For this purpose the biphasic system AcOH/HCOOH/H2O/CHCL3 has been studied and the role of the two main parameters, i.e. Acetic acid and Formic acid, clearly demonstrated.
Mass Transportation in the Neoliberal City: The Mobilizing Myths of the Grand Paris Express

This paper examines the discourses of transportation and mobility surrounding the Grand Paris Express mass transit network announced in January 2011 as part of the broader Grand Paris urban renewal and agglomeration initiative. It argues that though Grand Paris Express has the potential to symbolically unify the Ile-de-France region, and may provide much needed infrastructure to the peripheral suburbs of Paris, because of the neoliberal political rationality upon which it is based, it may likely entrench rather than relieve the problems of territorial inequality it sets out to address. An important tool of gentrification, mass transit is being used in metropolitan Paris to lead urban development in the creation of a polycentric region with functionally differentiated clusters of industry, finance, and technology around proposed transit stations. Following four main ‘mobilizing myths’ that dominate public policy debates, the proposed Grand Paris Express system fails to consider the broad social, economic, ...
Boundary node correction and superconvergence in the FEM

Convergence improvement and superconvergence behaviour, obtained by the simple boundary node correction (BNC) procedure for certain stress-like variables of smoothed finite element method solutions, are reported in this paper. The effectiveness of BNC is shown through three examples of steady flow problems, and a posterior error analysis based on the multiple-mesh extrapolation technique has been used for estimating the convergence rates
Two-Tiered Sensor Placement for Large Water Distribution Network Models

AbstractWater distribution network models for large municipalities have tens of thousands of interconnecting pipes and junctions with complex hydraulic controls. Many water security applications, including sensor placement optimization, require detailed simulation of potential contamination incidents. The postsimulation optimization problem can easily exceed memory on standard desktop computers. Large networks can be skeletonized to reduce computation; however, this alters network hydraulics, and therefore sensor placement. The objective of this paper is to evaluate a two-tiered sensor placement approach that combines hydraulic and water quality simulations using all-pipes, or original, network models with subsequent geographic aggregation of time and impact values to reduce memory requirements. The two-tiered approach first places sensors on aggregated regions, then refines the solution to actual nodes in the original model. The two-tiered sensor placement approach is compared to results using the origin...
Integrated approach for smart implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) device with real time ECG monitoring: use of flexible sensors for localized arrhythmia sensing and stimulation.

Arrhythmias are the most common cause of death associated with sudden death and are common in US and worldwide. Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT), evolving from pacemakers and development of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD), has been adopted for therapeutic use and demonstrated benefits in patients over the years due to its design and intricate functionality. Recent research has been focused on significant design improvement and efforts are dedicated towards device size reduction, weight and functionality in commercially available ICD’s since its invention in the 1960’s. Commercially available CRT-D has shown advancement on both clinical and technical side. However, improved focus is required on the device miniaturization, technologically supported and integrated wireless based system for real time heart monitoring electrocardiogram (ECG). In the present report a concise overview for the state-of-the art technology in ICDs and avenues for future development are presented. A unique perspective is also included for ICD device miniaturization and integration of flexible sensing array. Sensor array integration along with its capabilities for identifying localized arrhythmia detection and targeted stimulation for enhancing ICD device capabilities is reviewed.
Optimization-based formation reconfiguration planning for autonomous vehicles

Given a group of autonomous vehicles, an initial configuration, a final configuration, a set of inter- and intra-vehicle constraints, and a time for reconfiguration, the Formation Reconfiguration Planning problem is focused on determining a nominal input trajectory for each vehicle such that the group can start from the initial configuration and reach its final configuration at the specified time while satisfying the set of inter-and intra-vehicle constraints. In this paper, we are interested in solving the Formation Reconfiguration Planning problem for a specific class of systems and a particular form of input signals so that the problem can be reformulated as an optimization problem which can be solved more efficiently, especially for a large group of vehicles.
Liver metabolomic changes identify biochemical pathways in hemorrhagic shock.

Background Despite ongoing advances in treatment, thousands of patients still die annually from complications due to hemorrhagic shock, a condition causing dramatic physiologic and metabolic changes as cells switch to anaerobic metabolism in response to oxygen deprivation. As the shift from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism occurs in the peripheral tissues during shock, the liver must increase production of endogenous glucose as well as process excess lactate produced in the periphery. This places the liver at the center of metabolic regulation in the body during hemorrhagic shock. Therefore, we hypothesized that liver tissue from pigs during an in vivo model of hemorrhagic shock ( n = 6) would reflect resultant metabolic changes. Materials and Methods The in vivo model of shock consisted of 45 min of shock followed by 8 h of hypotensive resuscitation (80 mmHg) and subsequent normotensive resuscitation (90 mmHg) ending 48 h after the shock period. Control groups of pigs ( n = 3) (1) shock with no resuscitation, and (2) only anesthesia and instrumentation, also were included. Metabolic changes within the liver after shock and during resuscitation were investigated using both proton ( 1 H) and phosphorous ( 31 P) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Results Concentrations of glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC) and glycerylphosphorylethanolamine (GPE) were significantly lower at 8 h after shock, with recovery to baseline by 23 and 48 h after shock. Uridine diphosphate-glucose (UDP-glucose), and phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) were elevated 23 h after shock. Conclusions These results indicate that 1 H and 31 P NMR spectroscopy can be used to identify differences in liver metabolites in an in vivo model of hemorrhagic shock, indicating that metabolomic analysis can be used to elucidate biochemical events occurring during this complex disease process.
Building Validity and Reliability into Classroom Tests

Suggests that successful and effective assessments are gained using formal and informal evaluative techniques. Discusses the two types of assessments and suggests ways teachers can ensure content validity when devising their own tests for classroom use.
Phase conjugate adaptive optics using perimeter phase measurement

We describe a concept for a phase conjugate adaptive optics system which avoids the use of a shared aperture and the attendant difficulties when such a system is used with a high-power laser. The concept consists of measuring the phase of a reference wave around the edge of the aperture and interpolating with a suitable formula to find the phase inside the aperture. We assess the potential of this technique to compensate for atmospheric turbulence when the transmitting aperture is circular or annular. Good correction is indicated, particularly for the case of an annular aperture where perimeter phase measurements can give an estimate of the amount of turbulence-induced misfocus.
Natural history of indeterminate colitis

The term indeterminate colitis (IC) refers to a heterogeneous subset of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that has features that makes a diagnosis of Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis uncertain. It is often defined as IBD that is primarily limited to the colon that has clinical features inconsistent with UC. Marked variability in the usage of this term among physicians has resulted in widespread differences in the prevalence of this condition and has limited our understanding of its natural history.
Applications of Acid—Base Relations

In this chapter, we treat a variety of acid—base equilibrium situations to give practice in using pH calculations and concepts in a broad span of science.
Work-Based Learning in U.S. Higher Educational Policy

Although most U.S. institutions of higher education now make appreciable use of work-based learning options, their attention to experiential education as a learning vehicle is relatively limited. The connection between the work experience and the on-campus curriculum is only loosely formed, and students are not often given a chance to reflect concurrently and collectively on their workplace lessons. Some changes in higher educational policy have been initiated to augment the pedagogical contribution of a work-based learning, but notable institutional barriers remain.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of remedial reading courses at community colleges

ABSTRACTLimited research is available on the effectiveness of remedial college courses. The present study evaluated the effectiveness of two instructional approaches for developmental reading courses at a community college in the southwestern United States. The instructional approaches were traditional textbook-based instruction and strategic-reading instruction. The sample consisted of 64 participants. Half (n = 32) of the participants were in the control group (n = 32) and received traditional textbook-based instruction; the other half (n = 32) were in the experimental group and received strategic-reading instruction. All participants completed the Nelson-Denny Reading Form G at the beginning of the semester and then again 12 weeks later, at the end of the semester. The data were then statistically analyzed to identify any relationships between the type of instruction and the differences between the students’ pretest and posttest scores. The null hypotheses for H1 and H2 were rejected because the result...
ON THE COEFFICIENTS OF SCHLICHT FUNCTIONS(III)

Let f_k(z)be regular and schlicht in the unit circle |z| 1. The chief aim of this note is to give the following result: |c_(2n+1)~(2)|exp{-(1-b)~2}+o(1)where b = | c_3~(2)|.By the way, we have proved that if n/m→1, n→∞, then where k=1, 2, 3. The estemation (4) for the case, k=1 and k=2 are due to Golusin.
Ectoparasitism on deep-sea fishes in the western North Atlantic: In situ observations from ROV surveys.

A complete understanding of how parasites influence marine ecosystem functioning requires characterizing a broad range of parasite-host interactions while determining the effects of parasitism in a variety of habitats. In deep-sea fishes, the prevalence of parasitism remains poorly understood. Knowledge of ectoparasitism, in particular, is limited because collection methods often cause dislodgment of ectoparasites from their hosts. High-definition video collected during 43 remotely operated vehicle surveys (2013–2014) provided the opportunity to examine ectoparasitism on fishes across habitats (open slope, canyon, seamount, cold seep) and depths (494–4689 m) off the northeastern U.S., while providing high-resolution images and valuable observations of fish behavior. Only 9% (n = 125 individuals) of all observed fishes (25 species) were confirmed with ectoparasites, but higher percentages (∼33%) were observed for some of the most abundant fish species (e.g., Antimora rostrata). Ectoparasites included two copepod families (Lernaeopodidae, Sphyriidae) that infected four host species, two isopod families (Cymothoidae, Aegidae) that infected three host species, and one isopod family (Gnathiidae) that infected 19 host species. Hyperparasitism was also observed. As host diversity declined with depth, ectoparasite diversity declined; only gnathiids were observed at depths down to 3260 m. Thus, gnathiids appear to be the most successful group to infect a diversity of fishes across a broad depth range in the deep sea. For three dominant fishes (A. rostrata, Nezumia bairdii, Synaphobranchus spp.), the abundance and intensity of ectoparasitism peaked in different depths and habitats depending on the host species examined. Notably, gnathiid infections were most intense on A. rostrata, particularly in submarine canyons, suggesting that these habitats may increase ectoparasite infections. Although ectoparasitism is often overlooked in deep-sea benthic communities, our results demonstrate that it occurs widely across a variety of habitats, depths, and locations and is a significant component of deep-sea biodiversity.
An Exploratory Comparison of Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling and Principal Components Results for the Same Data

The purpose of this is to examine evidence for the relative effectiveness of principal components analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling of the same marketing survey data. The results of this study suggest no substantial differences in the degree of simple structure achieved by any combination of dimensional analysis method or correlation measure.
Language-Related Deficits after Temporal Lobectomy

Five left temporal lobectomy school-aged children demonstrated significant language-related cognitive declines on post-operative neuropsychological testing at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA.
Interrupting Constructions of a Criminalized Other through a Revised Criminal Activities Checklist Classroom Exercise

A self-report questionnaire about past criminal behavior is presented here as a useful pedagogical tool to demonstrate the invalidity of crime rates, challenge stereotypes about criminals, exemplify policy problems, and personalize the ways in which race, gender, and class operate to disadvantage and advantage people in the administration of justice. Philip Reichel’s 1975 criminal activities checklist exercise, first published in Teaching Sociology, is updated pursuant to the Georgia 2016 criminal code. Additions include new laws around technology use (i.e., sexting, privacy, and piracy laws), substance use (pharmaceuticals and minor alcohol possession), criminalized driving offenses (aggressive driving and DUIs), and sex offenses. I found that most students in my classroom have violated a law. These findings, the findings of others who have administered similar checklists, and growing research suggest that crime commission is more the norm rather than the exception, and this gives instructors great oppor...
Interdigital capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers for microfluidic applications

Directional generation and detection of Scholte waves in liquids and microfluidic channels by capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (cMUTs) is reported. An interdigital transducer structure along with a phased excitation scheme is employed to enhance the directionality of Scholte interface waves in microfluidic environments. Experiments on the interdigital cMUTs show that a 5 finger-pair device in a water half-space has 12dB of directionality in generating Scholte waves at the design frequency of 10MHz, which agrees with finite element analysis results. Transducers are demonstrated to perform bidirectional pumping in microfluidic channels with power levels in the milliwatt range. Interdigital cMUTs that are fabricated using low temperature processes can be used as compact ultrasonic transducers with integrated electronics for sensing and actuation in fluidic environments.
Stably A1-connected varieties and universal CH0

Abstract We study the relationship between several notions of connectedness arising in A 1 -homotopy theory of smooth schemes over a field k: A 1 -connectedness, stable A 1 -connectedness and motivic connectedness, and we discuss the relationship between these notations and rationality properties of algebraic varieties. Motivically connected smooth proper k-varieties are precisely those with “universally trivial” C H 0 . We show that stable A 1 -connectedness coincides with motivic connectedness, under suitable hypotheses on k. Then, we observe that there exist stably A 1 -connected smooth proper varieties over the field of complex numbers that are not A 1 -connected.
Beam Simultaneity In Multi-Terawatt CO 2 Laser Fusion Systems

Abstract A system to determine the relative time of arrival of intense, subnanosecond, CO2 laser pulses on a fusion target is described. It is now installed on the Helios CO2 laser system, a 10 kJ, 20 TW, eight -beam CO2 facility. This beam simultaneity system isinexpensive, easy to use, and has a resolution of less than + 5 ps.IntroductionMulti- terawatt, multi -beam lasers for inertial confinement fusion require that the optical beams arrive almost simultaneously on the target. Too early an arrival of any onebeam will cause premature disassembly of the target, whereas, a late- arriving beam will not couple effectively to the target. Intuitively, the beams should be simultaneouswithin a small fraction of the pulse width. Calculations by the LASL target design group] have simulated the effect of two beams symmetrically irradiating an ablatively-driven target with a relative delay between the pulses of 50 ps. The compression param- eters and neutron yield were negligibly different from the ideal case of simultaneous
Measuring Progress Over Time: The Sustainability Cultural Indicators Program at the University of Michigan

The Sustainability Cultural Indicators Program (SCIP) is a multi-year project designed to measure and track the culture of sustainability at the University of Michigan. It is intended to inform U-M administrators and others responsible for day-to-day operations of the University including its academic programs. Furthermore, it is intended to serve as a model demonstrating how behavioral research can be used to address critical environmental issues within universities generally and in other organizational settings. Culture of sustainability is meant to reflect a set of attitudes, behaviors, levels of understanding and commitment, degrees of engagement, and dispositions among a population such as members of a university community. This paper presents findings from three years of data collection (2012–2014)—focusing on trends in responses from over 17,000 students, faculty, and staff. One of the most positive findings is that respondents report increasing levels of sustainability knowledge over time. However, SCIP results indicate that there is considerable room for improvement with regard to pro-environment behavior, engagement, and expressed commitment to sustainability. Finally, a brief overview is provided of how SCIP results are being used by multiple units on campus to guide programming and how SCIP is informing efforts at other institutions.
MEMS for Nanopositioning: Design and Applications

Nanopositioners are high-precision mechatronic devices that are capable of generating mechanical motion with nanometer or sub-nanometer resolution. With this motion typically being available over mechanical bandwidths of several kilohertz or greater, nanopositioners have become important tools for many areas of nanotechnology. A major development in nanopositioning has been the use of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) fabrication processes to produce microscale nanopositioners. These MEMS-based devices are conceptually similar to their macroscale counterparts, typically comprising an end effector, actuators, sensors, and suspension structures. However, MEMS nanopositioners potentially offer additional significant advantages as a result of their microfabricated nature, including a much smaller footprint, higher bandwidth, batch manufacturability, and potential for integration with electronic circuits. This paper reviews key concepts regarding the design, actuation, and sensing of MEMS nanopositioners, and explores how they have been implemented in state-of-the-art devices within a range of nanotechnology applications.
A Comparison of the Nomological Networks Associated With Forced-Choice and Likert Formats of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory

ABSTRACTThe Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI) is one of the most popular measures of narcissism. However, its use of a forced-choice response set might negatively affect some of its psychometric properties. The purpose of this research was to compare a Likert version of the NPI, in which only the narcissistic response of each pair was given, to the original NPI, in 3 samples of participants (N = 1,109). To this end, we compared the nomological networks of the forced-choice and Likert formats of the NPI in relation to alternative measures of narcissism, narcissistic personality disorder, entitlement, self-esteem, general personality traits (reported by self and informants), interpersonal styles, and general pathological traits included in the DSM–5. The Likert format NPI—total and subscales—manifested similar construct validity to the original forced-choice format across all criteria with only minor differences that seem to be due mainly to the increased reliability and variability found in the Like...
Evaluation of Megestrol Acetate and Ethinyl Estradiol as an Oral Contraceptive

Evaluation of a new sequential oral contraceptive 16 tablets of .1 mg ethinyl estradiol plus 5 tablets of .1 mg ethinyl estradiol and 5 mg compound with a structure similar to to progesterone. 74 patients dropped out 18 of the 32 did not respond to personal communications; of the remaining 14 who discontinued the medication 4 became pregnant but not from failure of the pill 5 left because of nausea and 5 left for personal reasons. There was a total of 515 completed cycles. Nausea occurred in 14.8% of the cycles with a marked decrease after the first cycle; breast soreness occurred in 5.8% of the cycles intermenstrual bleeding and spotting in 6.4% of the cycles. The endometrium showed no adverse effects and except for shortened bleeding times no significant changes in laboratory values including clotting mechanisms were noted.
The Development of Computational Thinking in a High School Chemistry Course

Computational thinking is a component of the Science and Engineering Practices in the Next Generation Science Standards, which were adopted by some states. We describe the activities in a high school chemistry course that may develop students’ computational thinking skills by primarily using Excel, a widely available spreadsheet software. These activities were classified as (i) the use of simulation and modeling, (ii) experimental data analysis, (iii) coding or programming, (iv) algorithmic reasoning, and (v) statistics and probability.
An investigation of shock wave therapy and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on fracture healing under reduced loading conditions in an ovine model.

The use of shock wave therapy (SWT) and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) as countermeasures to the inhibited fracture healing experienced during mechanical unloading was investigated by administering treatment to the fracture sites of mature, female, Rambouillet Columbian ewes exposed to partial mechanical unloading or full gravitational loading. The amount of fracture healing experienced by the treatment groups was compared to controls in which identical surgical and testing protocols were administered except for SWT or LIPUS treatment. All groups were euthanized after a 28-day healing period. In vivo mechanical measurements demonstrated no significant alteration in fixation plate strains between treatments within either partial unloading group. Similarly, DXA BMD and 4-point bending stiffness were not significantly altered following either treatment. μCT analyses demonstrated lower callus bone volume for treated animals (SWT and LIPUS, p < 0.01) in the full gravity group but not between reduced loading groups. Callus osteoblast numbers as well as mineralized surface and bone formation rate were significantly elevated to the level of the full gravity groups in the reduced loading groups following both SWT and LIPUS. Although no increase in 4-week mechanical strength was observed, it is possible that an increase in the overall rate of fracture healing (i.e., callus strength) may be experienced at longer time points under partial loading conditions given the increase in osteoblast numbers and bone formation parameters following SWT and LIPUS. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res
Effects of short indels on protein structure and function in human genomes

Insertions and deletions (indels) represent the second most common type of genetic variations in human genomes. Indels can be deleterious and contribute to disease susceptibility as recent genome sequencing projects revealed a large number of indels in various cancer types. In this study, we investigated the possible effects of small coding indels on protein structure and function, and the baseline characteristics of indels in 2504 individuals of 26 populations from the 1000 Genomes Project. We found that each population has a distinct pattern in genes with small indels. Frameshift (FS) indels are enriched in olfactory receptor activity while non-frameshift (NFS) indels are enriched in transcription-related proteins. Structural analysis of NFS indels revealed that they predominantly adopt coil or disordered conformations, especially in proteins with transcription-related NFS indels. These results suggest that the annotated coding indels from the 1000 Genomes Project, while contributing to genetic variations and phenotypic diversity, generally do not affect the core protein structures and have no deleterious effect on essential biological processes. In addition, we found that a number of reference genome annotations might need to be updated due to the high prevalence of annotated homozygous indels in the general population.
Power or Embeddedness? Differing Impact of Leader’s Logic on Followers’ Innovative Behavior

This study aims to build a framework concerning a mediated model in explaining the impact of leader’s logic with which the leaders imbue when interacting with subordinates on fostering innovative b...
Column-wise ROIC design with on-chip calibration for photoresistive image sensor

This paper describes a novel readout integrated circuit (ROIC) for a photoresistive image sensor array incorporating wheatstone bridge configuration with a variable-gain switched-capacitor amplifier. A 12-bit R-2R ladder digital-to-analog converter (DAC) is used for on-chip calibration. The bias voltage of the bridge is supplied by an on-chip DAC and made programmable between 0 to 1.8 Volts for ROIC performance optimization. This image sensor and ROIC system is intended to be used as an endoscope camera which demands strict silicon area and low power consumption requirements. A sample 1×16 line sensor is used for proof of concept. The ROIC is designed for the target of 30 frames per second output data rate for a 400×1 line sensor. This work focuses on the analog signal processing chain of the ROIC. The column-wise design makes the ROIC scalable for larger image sensor sizes. The nominal (base) resistance of each detector is assumed to have a variation of (±10%). The proposed ROIC is designed in 0.18μm CMOS process and the system is verified with post-layout simulations.
A Multiscalar Approach to Mapping Marginal Agricultural Land: Smallholder Agriculture in Malawi

Marginal agricultural lands are defined here by suboptimal biophysical conditions and historically variable or low agricultural production. We characterize these areas using remotely sensed informa...
A latent class analysis approach to extradyadic involvement.

Extradyadic involvement — emotional, romantic, or sexual involvement with another person outside of one's romantic relationship — may have serious personal and relational consequences. The current research examines extradyadic involvement in two samples of individuals in relationships and identifies subgroups of people based on their engagement in different types of extradyadic behaviour. To assess involvement in such behaviour, we created a new behavioural inventory intended to broaden the conceptualisation of types of extradyadic behaviours. Subgroups of individuals who engage in these behaviours were extracted using latent class analysis. Study 1 assessed undergraduate students in relationships (N = 339), and results revealed four classes of individuals: loyal, confiding, deceptive, and unfaithful. Follow-up tests demonstrated that these classes of individuals differed significantly in ways that are consistent with the investment model and attachment theory. Study 2 (N = 202) replicated the four-class solution, as well as the group differences in relationship functioning and attachment orientations. Results suggest theoretically consistent typologies of extradyadic behaviour that may be useful in differentiating deceptive behaviour in close relationships in a more precise way.
The 'Next Billion Users': Designing for Emerging Markets

The number of users coming online for the first time on mobile phones in emerging markets is fast growing. As the trajectory of internet use for these users follows a mobile-first experience, technical and infrastructural constraints impact the overall experience. The workshop aims to identify and discuss salient themes surrounding the technology needs of users in emerging markets that include Asia, Africa and South America. Emphasis will be on how researchers and designers understand these unique needs and the new insights and perspectives needed to design for mobile users in emerging markets.
Protein Nutritional Quality: A Modeling Approach

The protein efficiency ratio (PER) is the official method for protein quality evaluation in the United States and Canada. Two other widely used indices of evaluation are the slope ratio (SR) and net protein ratio (NPR) methods. Each of these methods has problems associated with its calculation and interpretation. In this paper, a new index, actual protein utilization (APU), is discussed and its relationship to the other indices is examined. Each of the indices of protein quality evaluation is given a theoretical basis by relating it to the four parameter mathematical model for physiological responses. The derivation of the four parameter model is given, along with its mathematical and physiological significance. To compare the indices, growth bioassays were carried out using male rats (40g, 60g, 115g) consuming three different proteins, casein, lactalbumin, and soy and an amino acid mixture. Dose-response curves were generated for each diet and the indices PER, NPR, SLOPE, and APU were calculated. APU was shown to have certein characteristics which make it superior to the other methods of protein quality evaluation, i.e., it closely approximates the growth response curve and it incorporates a term for the protein intake required for maintenance.
An inverse problem approach to stiffness mapping for early detection of breast cancer: tissue phantom experiments

Early detection of breast cancer will continue to be crucial in improving patient survival rates. Our ultimate goal is to develop an electro-mechanical device to automate and refine the manual brea...
NOAA’s national water level observation network (NWLON)

The National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration National Water Level Observation Network (NWLON) is the foundation of a comprehensive system for observing, communicating, and assessing th...
Changes in Opioid Prescribing Patterns: A Survey of the Florida Society of Plastic Surgeons.

INTRODUCTION With thousands of people in the United States dying of opioid overdose each month, the opioid epidemic has become a serious public health concern. Legislators have attempted to address this problem at various levels of the government. Evaluation of outcomes of these measures is a necessary part of resolving the epidemic. Our survey was designed to evaluate the impact of measures enacted in Florida State in 2018 upon prescribing practices of plastic surgeons. METHODS The survey was prepared electronically using the online Qualtrics platform. Survey questions were multiple choice and inquired regarding changes in prescribing practices after enactment of mandatory query of the prescription drug monitoring program database and prescribing limits in Florida. The survey was distributed by e-mail 1 year after these laws took effect. Two survey reminder e-mails were sent at 2-week intervals after the initial message. Results were collected for an additional 3 weeks after the final correspondence. RESULTS Thirty-two survey responses were received after distribution to the 156 members of the Florida Society of Plastic Surgeons, for a response rate of 20.5%. Twenty-two respondents reported changing their prescribing practices. The most common change reported was decreased number of tablets prescribed. Most respondents reported they believe that mandatory prescription drug monitoring program query and prescribing limits will be effective. This included 17 (53.1%) and 18 (56.3%) respondents, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Results from our survey indicate that Florida plastic surgeons have adjusted their prescribing practices in response to recently enacted legislation. Most plastic surgeons reported decreased number of tablets of opioids prescribed. Many also reported incorporating nonopioid analgesics. Further study will be necessary to determine the impact of these changes on rates of opioid overdose.
Potential Targets and Pathways for Rhizobium ’s Mitogenic Stimulus

Symbiotic root nodule morphogenesis begins with legume root cells’ activation by lipo-oligosaccharide “nod factors” released from compatible rhizobia (Fisher, Long, 1992 and reports in this volume). Following the animal cell paradigm, nod factor binding to a receptor activates an intracellular signaling pathway which ultimately leads to root hair curling and/or cortical cell division. It is unknown whether the ligands, receptors, and pathways differ between root hair cells that respond by curling and cortical cells that respond by dividing. It is the signaling pathway leading to cortical cell mitosis that our group is interested in understanding.
On origins: the mythistory of translation studies and the geopolitics of knowledge

This article critically examines the oft-cited historical narrative of Translation Studies that situates its birth in the post-war West. This narrative is referred to as the mythistory of Translati...
El Movimiento pro-Emancipación de las Mujeres de Chile (MEMCH). Desarrollo de una política integral y formas de educación popular para el reconocimiento de los derechos de las mujeres, 1935-1941

espanolEl articulo analiza las visiones de la politica y las formas de educacion del Movimiento pro-Emancipacion de las Mu-jeres de Chile (MEMCH) en el periodico La Mujer Nueva entre 1935-1941. El movimiento elaboro una perspectiva integral de la politica para ampliar la democracia representativa desde el genero y consolidar una justicia absoluta para las trabajadoras, asi como el reconocimiento de las mujeres como sujetos politicos. Para ello, desarrollo diversas estrategias de educacion popular como la ampliacion de la educacion primaria para mujeres trabajadoras, intervenciones educativas territoriales y la promocion de formas de autoeducacion para la construccion de identidades al interior del movimiento. EnglishThe article analyzes the views of politics and the education strategies of the Pro-Emancipation of Women of Chile Movement (MEMCH), as seen through the newspaper La Mujer Nueva, between 1935-1941. The movement developed a com-prehensive perspective on politics, aiming to broaden representative democracy from a gender perspective, to consolidate absolute justice for women workers, and the recognition of women as political subjects. To do this, the movement developed various popular education strategies such as the expansion of primary education for working women, territorial educational interventions and the promotion of forms of self-education for the construction of identities within the movement. portuguesO artigo analisa as visoes da politica e as formas de educacao do Movimento pela Emancipacao das Mulheres do Chi-le (MEMCH) no jornal La Mujer Nueva entre 1935-1941. O movimento elaborou uma perspectiva integral da politica para am-pliar a democracia representativa de genero e consolidar justica absoluta para as trabalhadoras, bem como o reconhecimento das mulheres como sujeitos politicos. Para tanto, desenvolveu diversas estrategias de educacao popular como a ampliacao da educacao primaria para mulheres trabalhadoras, intervencoes educativas territoriais e promocao de formas de autoeducacao para a construcao de identidades dentro do movimento.
Experimental and Computational Dose Rate Evaluation Using SN and Monte Carlo Method for a Packaged 241AmBe Neutron Source

We present a systematic computational dose rate evaluation for a packaged 1.8-Ci 241AmBe source using both Monte Carlo and deterministic approaches, with some experimental measurements for correlat...
Nuclear Reactor Transient Diagnostics Using Classification and AutoML

Artificial intelligence is becoming a larger part of operations for many industries. One industry where this is occurring rapidly is the nuclear industry. Researchers from around the world are look...
Association of donor hepatitis C virus infection status and risk of BK polyomavirus viremia after kidney transplantation

Kidney transplantation (KT) from deceased donors with hepatitis C virus (HCV) into HCV-negative recipients has become more common. However, the risk of complications such as BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) remains unknown. We assembled a retrospective cohort at four centers. We matched recipients of HCV-viremic kidneys to highly similar recipients of HCV-aviremic kidneys on established risk factors for BKPyV. To limit bias, matches were within the same center. The primary outcome was BKPyV viremia ≥1000 copies/ml or biopsy-proven BKPyV nephropathy; a secondary outcome was BKPyV viremia ≥10 000 copies/ml or nephropathy. Outcomes were analyzed using weighted and stratified Cox regression. The median days to peak BKPyV viremia level was 119 (IQR 87-182). HCV-viremic KT was not associated with increased risk of the primary BKPyV outcome (HR 1.26, p = .22), but was significantly associated with the secondary outcome of BKPyV ≥10 000 copies/ml (HR 1.69, p = .03). One-year eGFR was similar between the matched groups. Only one HCV-viremic kidney recipient had primary graft loss. In summary, HCV-viremic KT was not significantly associated with the primary outcome of BKPyV viremia, but the data suggested that donor HCV might elevate the risk of more severe BKPyV viremia ≥10 000 copies/ml. Nonetheless, one-year graft function for HCV-viremic recipients was reassuring.
Mediators and moderators of ART adherence effects of supporting treatment adherence readiness through training (START): evidence that START helps vulnerable clients achieve better adherence.

ABSTRACTSupporting Treatment Adherence Readiness through Training (START) is an HIV antiretroviral adherence intervention, based on the Information Motivation and Behavioral skills (IMB) model, that significantly improved adherence in our randomized controlled trial. To understand how and for whom START had its effects on adherence, we examined mediators and moderators. Ninety-nine HIV-patients (53 control, 46 intervention) who enrolled in the trial and provided month 6 electronic monitored adherence data. The intervention was associated with increased adherence-related knowledge and lower impulsive/careless problem solving, but had no effects on other IMB-related constructs. Neither of these variables mediated the adherence effects of the intervention (based on linear regression models with bootstraping for unbiased standard errors). Four variables interacted with the intervention to moderate its effects: the intervention group had consistent high adherence across the range of depression and time since HIV diagnosis, compared to lower adherence with higher values in the usual care control; those with unstable housing or frequent drug use had higher adherence if in the intervention group compared to the control group. These findings suggest that START provides support that enables its recipients to cope with and overcome challenges (e.g., depression, unstable housing, drug use) that would typically impede adherence.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02329782.