cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Egg Quality and Production Following Infectious Bronchitis Virus Exposure at One Day Old

Abstract One-day-old pullet chickens from an infectious bronchitis-free flock were exposed to Massachusetts serotype infectious bronchitis virus. Permanent damage was caused in the oviduct which led to permanently reduced production and quality when the chickens came into lay. The following characteristics of eggs from infected chickens were found in significant numbers: faculty-shaped eggs, calcareous deposits, ridges on the shell surface, yolk separating from albumen and albumen sticking to shell membrane on breaking the egg. Each chicken was consistent in the type of egg laid and there was a positive correlation between abnormal egg quality and morphological lesions in the oviduct. There was also a positive correlation between shell and internal abnormalities.
Commentary on "Diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: two decades of progress." The NIA's Alzheimer Disease Centers.

e c m c f m n F e e p t l o v d t t i c Among the many milestones in AD research described in r. Khachaturian’s Perspective, the Alzheimer’s Disease enter program (ADC) must rank near the top. Establishing he Centers as the nidus to conduct focused research on AD as catalyzed by 3 independent but reinforcing events: 1. Public realization that AD was a widespread and malignant disease that posed a major public health problem of great magnitude; 2. US Congressional action to set aside money earmarked for AD research in response to public concern and pressure from foundations such as the Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders Association (now, the Alzheimer’s Association); 3. Scientific breakthroughs that documented pathologic and biochemical abnormalities in AD and raised optimism over prospects for a cure. These discoveries justified the Congressional expenditures and gave promise that research on neurofibrillary tangles and degenerating cholinergic neurons would pay therapeutic dividends. The Centers came to life in 1984, when Margaret Heckler, he US Secretary for Health and Human Services, came to the arvard Medical School along with Dr. Khachaturian to anounce that the National Institute on Aging (NIA) would dminister a grant of $3.5 million to fund 5 Alzheimer’s isease Research Centers (Harvard, Johns Hopkins, Mt. Sinai, SC, and UC San Diego). Thus was born one of the most roductive research programs at the National Institutes of ealth (NIH). Today, 22 years later, there are 32 ADCs in the IA portfolio with an annual budget of more than $50 million. The initial goal of the Center program is still relevant today: o stimulate new basic and clinical research into the cause(s) nd mechanisms of dementia that will lead to cure and preention of AD and related dementias. To achieve this goal, enters were expected to attract skilled neuroscience investiators to the study of dementia and to provide the infrastructure or successful coordinated basic and clinical science research. or this reason, centers established units with clinical expertise o diagnose and follow patients with dementia as well as europathologic units with expertise to uncover the pathologic orrelates of dementia and to provide banked brain tissue for esearch study. Although each center proposed and pursued it a
Design and Testing of Instrumentation for Multi-Phase Flow Sampling and Local Void Fraction Measurement

Instrumentation is available to obtain samples and then measure the local void fraction as well as the size and number density of bubbles and/or particles in two and three-phase flow. But in most cases, these methods interfere with the flow and bias the sampling process. We have developed an isokinetic probe that can take accurate samples without changing the sample’s composites. This is achieved by aligning the probe’s intake nozzle with the flow’s local predominant direction and matching its internal pressure with its hydrodynamic environment and hence equalizing the inside and outside velocities. Then the fluid sample’s density is measured to calculate the local void fraction. The calibration procedure and results as well as extensive test data obtained in bubbly-flow tunnel and flotation cells respectively are presented and discussed.Copyright © 2011 by ASME
Online updating of space-time disease surveillance models via particle filters.

Online surveillance of disease has become an important issue in public health. In particular, the space-time monitoring of disease plays an important part in any syndromic system. However, methodology for these systems is generally lacking. One approach to space-time monitoring of health data is to consider the space-time model parameters as the focus and to monitor their changes as multivariate time series (Lawson AB. Some considerations in spatial-temporal analysis of public health surveillance data. In Brookmeyer R, Stroup DF eds. Monitoring the Health of Populations. Oxford University Press, 2004; Vidal Rodeiro CL, Lawson AB. Monitoring changes in spatio-temporal maps of disease. Biometrical Journal 2006; to appear). However with complex space-time models, this becomes very time consuming. Some simplifications may be necessary and these can be made in a number of ways. In this article, the focus is on particle filters that can be used to resample the history of the process and thereby reduce computati...
Extending the range of the time projection Compton spectrometer to lower energy

The Time Projection Compton Spectrometer (TPCS) has previously been used with a 12.7- mu m-thick polypropylene target to measure the time-integrated energy spectrum of intense flash X-ray sources. In the present work, the authors investigated the application of the TPCS to photoelectron spectrometry, substituting a 2- mu m thick gold target to improve device sensitivity to low-energy photons. Experiments with a gold target, a polypropylene target, and no target (background) were done at the Saturn pulsed X-ray source for various endpoint bremsstrahlung up to about 2 MV. Response functions were calculated using the TIGERP electron/photon Monte Carlo code. The signal from gold is larger and persists longer, as expected. The spectrum unfolded from the gold signals has problems, however. Alternative approaches to the unfold problem that combine data from both targets may prove more successful. If so, a future spectrometer could be designed to incorporate both low-Z and high-Z targets in a single instrument. >
A new expert consultation system in deaf-blind syndromes

(1986). A new expert consultation system in deaf-blind syndromes. Medical Informatics: Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 51-57.
Recognizing spatial patterns: a noisy exemplar approach.

Models of categorization typically rely on the use of stimuli composed of well-defined dimensions (e.g., Ashby & Maddox (1998) in Choice, decision, and measurement: Essays in honor of R. Duncan Luce, p. 251-301, Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum). We apply a similar approach to the analysis of recognition memory. Using a version of short-term recognition paradigm (Sternberg, Science 153 (1966) 652), we asked whether NEMO Sternberg's, a noisy exemplar summed-similarity model, could account for variation in mean performance on individual trials. NEMO provided a very good overall fit to recognition data from three experiments. However, its failure to fit data for certain lists of stimuli suggested a revision of the summed-similarity assumption. Our model-based analysis showed that subjects used interitem similarity, in addition to probe-item similarity, as the basis for their decisions. This represents a major departure from existing recognition models that assume subjects' judgments depend exclusively on the summed similarity of the probe to the study items.
Pore morphology characteristics of vesicular horizons in undisturbed and disturbed arid soils; implications for arid land management

We compared the pore morphology of an arid lands vesicular soil horizon in a disturbed and undisturbed state. This surface vesicular horizon is characterized by non-connected pores that hinder soil water infiltration and thus plays a central role in arid ecosystem hydrodynamics. Disturbance is hypothesized to result in a change in pore morphology that could alter water movement through the horizon and potentially affect ecosystem function. To test this hypothesis, we examined the pore morphology of the vesicular horizon as expressed in area, perimeter, length and width; comparisons were also made for particle size, pH, calcium carbonate equivalent (CCE), electrical conductivity (EC) and the abundance and types of pores in undisturbed soils and adjacent disturbed soils within a year of disturbance. The results indicate no significant differences between treatments in chemistry, particle size or pore morphological measures within a year following disturbance. Vesicles, vughs and interstitial pores were found in vesicular horizons in both treatments and no significant differences in these parameters were found between treatments. Vesicular horizon development may be related to the geological age of the surface materials. Certain old land surfaces are perhaps more susceptible to the formation of vesicular horizons regardless of disturbance. The results suggest that soil functions dependent upon vesicular porosity, for example hydraulic conductivity, may return to a pre-disturbance condition within one year of disturbance, a finding of importance to the management of arid lands.
Acceleration of aminolysis of nitrophenyl esters by quaternized modifications of polyethylenimine

Derivatives of polyethylenimine, containing free primary amines but with secondary and tertiary amines fully quaternized, were prepared. The residual primary amines of the polymer markedly accentuated the rates of cleavage of nitrophenyl esters. This modified polymer exhibits a pKa, determined from kinetics of its reactions, close to that for small molecules with a primary amine adjacent to a charged aminoethyl group. Thus, the primary amine group of the polymer stays relatively distant from all charged nitrogens on the macromolecule except its immediately adjacent neighbor on the chain.
Initializing a model stand for process-based projection.

Summary A stand generation (or initialization) procedure is designed to furnish morphologically plausible model trees for process-based projection. The steps of the initialization are: (i) the generation of the locations of model trees and the tessella tion of tree areas; (ii) the sampling of diameters from a target distribution and assignments of those diameters to model-tree locations; (iii) the calculation of the height of each model tree from its assigned diameter and the distances to its neighbors; (iv) the calculation of the crown length of each model tree from its height and distances to its neighbors; and (v) the recalculation of diameter from height and crown length. Components of dry matter are calculated from the model-tree dimensions and pipe-model theory. Process-based projection with the AMORPHYS model is discussed.
The Role of Gender in Mental-Illness Stigma A National Experiment

The stigma of mental illness imposes substantial costs on both the individuals who experience mental illness and society at large. Understanding the psychological underpinnings of this stigma is therefore a matter of practical and theoretical significance. In a national, Web-based survey experiment, we investigated the role played by gender in moderating mental-illness stigma. Respondents read a case summary in which the gender of the person was orthogonally manipulated along with the type of disorder; the cases reflected either a male-typical disorder or a female-typical disorder. Results indicated that when cases were gender typical, respondents felt more negative affect, less sympathy, and less inclination to help, compared to when cases were gender atypical. This pattern can be explained by the fact that gender-typical cases were significantly less likely to be seen as genuine mental disturbances.
Being Critical of Critical Pedagogy

This chapter includes historical criticisms of critical pedagogy and how to begin to consider the issues. The criticisms have begun to change but have to move further. Three major criticisms of critical pedagogy dominated the field during its infancy. These included the fact that dead white, Western men wrote much of the literature on critical pedagogy. However, the great majority of those who worked and still work with children in poverty are women, many of them women of color. Another criticism was critical pedagogy was long on criticism but short on answers or practical solutions to the problems described. Finally, critical pedagogy as a field sought to eliminate discrimination and inequities, but the body of work that appeared in print had its own esoteric language that was in accessible to the general population. The chapter concludes with a discussion of how this is changing and how educators can participate in this change.
Flow in Horizontal Two Phase He II /Vapor

Analytic and experimental studies of forced flow two phase He II and vapor in a horizontal channel are reported. A simple analytic model is presented that describes the steady state flow phenomena for both isothermal and non-isothermal conditions. Results are compared to measurements performed on a 2 m long test section with cross section 3 mm wide by 65 mm high. Reasonable agreement is obtained. Time dependent phenomena are also discussed.
Finite Difference Time Domain Based Beam Propagation Model for Helically Propagating Spatial Domain Multiplexed Optical Channel in Multimode Fibers

Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method is used to develop a CAD based beam propagation model for helical channels of spatially multiplexing systems. The output from a single channel model is presented and compared to experimental results.
HSV-mediated delivery of virally derived anti-apoptotic genes protects the rat hippocampus from damage following excitotoxicity, but not metabolic disruption.

HSV-mediated delivery of virally derived anti-apoptotic genes protects the rat hippocampus from damage following excitotoxicity, but not metabolic disruption
Characterization of Ti Alloys Bombarded by keV Deuterium Ions

Thin Ti films have been bombarded at room temperature with 350–500 eV deuterium ions at current densities up to 0.5 mA/cm 2 . Analysis using scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and secondary ion mass spectroscopy were carried out before and after bombardment. It was determined that deuterium diffuses rapidly throughout the Ti film, that the films were in a state of high compressive stress, and that the TiD 2 phase was formed. No evidence of deuterium gas bubbles was found.
Clinical detection of cervical dysplasia using angle-resolved low coherence interferometry

We assess the diagnostic capability of a/LCI in vivo for cervical cancer detection. The nuclear diameter was determined from the a/LCI scans using a Mie theory and a wavelet based hybrid analysis, and the results were compared to histopathology.
The Accessibility of Multifunction Printers: An Updated Usability Study of Accessible Multifunction Printers and a Survey of Multifunction Printer Users with Vision Loss:

IntroductionThis article investigates the use of multifunction printers by individuals with vision loss, and explores current accessibility solutions to determine the extent of accessibility and us...
Recent advances in applicability to large-eddy simulation of spray combustion

The numerical simulation of spray combustion is widely encountered in power engineering,transportation,chemical and metallurgical,aeronautical and astronautical engineering.In recent years,the large-eddy simulation(LES)becomes more important not only in fundamental studies,but also in engineering application,especially in the modeling of spray combustion in internal combustion engines and gas-turbine combustors.LES can give the detailed development of flow and combustion processes and its statistical results are more accurate than those given by the RANS modeling;hence it is considered as a perspective CFD method.However,some problems,such as the sub-grid scale models and detailed experimental validation,remain to be solved.In this paper,a brief review is presented and some unsolved problems are discussed.
The effect of intravesical pressure on glomerular filtration rate in patients with myelomeningocele.

AbstractNumerous investigators have demonstrated the development of hydronephrosis and renal deterioration in patients with myelomeningocele who have high pressure bladders. By drawing blood at sequential intervals during 99mtechnetium-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid renal scanning we are able to generate nuclide clearance curves that correlate well with glomerular filtration rate. Renal scanning is done most frequently with the bladder catheterized and left to gravity drainage. By filling the bladder under manometric control to a pressure of 35 to 40cm. water we have followed routine scanning with continued blood sampling to generate nuclide clearance at low and high bladder pressures. In 5 myelomeningocele patients so studied we found consistent and significant decreases in glomerular filtration rate at high bladder pressures.
Gas-Liquid Chromatographic Headspace Technique for Determination of Vinyl Chloride in Corn Oil and Three Food-Simulating Solvents

A gas-liquid chromatographic headspace technique for the determination of vinyl chloride (VC) in corn oil, 50% ethanol, 3% acetic acid, and n-heptane is described. These food-simulating solvents and the corn oil are placed in septum-sealed bottles and heated to 90 degrees C, and aliquots of headspace vapor are injected into a gas-liquid chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector. VC may be quantitated at concentrations of 1 ppb or less. This technique was used to measure the migration of VC into corn oil and 50% ethanol from 2 unplasticized polyvinyl chloride sheets containing 0.28 and 0.44 ppm residual monomer.
Coating Ni particles to preserve their conductivity during sintering in oxidizing atmospheres

Abstract In this study, a new Ni electrode was introduced which was able to preserve its electrical conductivity during sintering in oxidizing atmosphere. The Ni electrode was manufactured from Ni nanoparticles, which were coated by Li salts, namely Li 2 CO 3 , LiOH, and LiF, with an innovative coating method. The coating process is schematically shown in the graphical abstract. After the confirmation of a successful coating on Ni particles by SEM (Scanning Electron Microcopy) imaging, the Ni particles with Li 2 CO 3 coating demonstrated the greatest preservation in conductivity among the other salts. Thus they were selected for further investigation; the effect of Li 2 CO 3 percentage, sintering program, and pO 2 on electrode resistance were systematically studied. The results suggest that the coating can reduce the resistance by five orders of magnitude at oxidizing atmosphere (e.g. pO 2 = 2 × 10 −4 atm). The reduced resistances were as low as 1 Ω, suitable to be used as an electrode. SEM and FIB (Focused Ion Beam) cross section imaging were used to document the Ni oxidation, the sintering process of Ni particles, and the Li 2 CO 3 decomposition. Finally, two mechanisms were speculated to be the reasons of the conductivity conservation and the importance of this invention in the reducing of oxygen vacancies in electroceramic devices was discussed.
Risk factors of physical and sexual abuse for women in Mali: findings from a nationally representative sample

Mali is a developing country that has marked inequalities between genders. Using the 2012-2013 Mali Demographic and Health Survey, a nationally representative sample of Malian women ( N = 2,527), the study examined the effect of controlling behaviors, childhood exposure to and experience of violence, husband's alcohol use, woman's use of violence, and sociocultural factors on the likelihood of experiencing physical and sexual abuse. Findings indicated that controlling behavior, childhood exposure to violence, and husband's use of alcohol were predictors of physical and sexual abuse. Respondent's use of violence increased risk of physical abuse. Implications for programming in Mali are discussed.
Item analyses of memory differences.

ABSTRACTObjective: Although performance on memory and other cognitive tests is usually assessed with a score aggregated across multiple items, potentially valuable information is also available at the level of individual items. Method: The current study illustrates how analyses of variance with item as one of the factors, and memorability analyses in which item accuracy in one group is plotted as a function of item accuracy in another group, can provide a more detailed characterization of the nature of group differences in memory. Data are reported for two memory tasks, word recall and story memory, across age, ability, repetition, delay, and longitudinal contrasts. Results: The item-level analyses revealed evidence for largely uniform differences across items in the age, ability, and longitudinal contrasts, but differential patterns across items in the repetition contrast, and unsystematic item relations in the delay contrast. Conclusion: Analyses at the level of individual items have the potential to in...
The ethics of unilateral implantable cardioverter defibrillators and cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillator deactivation: patient perspectives.

Aims Decisions about deactivation of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are complicated. Unilateral do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders (against patient/family wishes) have been ethically justified in cases of medical futility. Unilateral deactivation of ICDs may be seen as a logical extension of a unilateral DNR order. However, the ethical implications of unilateral ICD deactivation have not been explored. Methods and results Sixty patients who had an ICD or cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillator (CRT-D) were interviewed at a quaternary medical centre outpatient electrophysiology practice. Survey questions addressed whether deactivation of defibrillator function was included in advanced directives, whether deactivation constitutes physician-assisted suicide, and whether unilateral deactivation can be ethically justified. Responses were elicited to scenarios in which defibrillation function was deactivated in different contexts (including patient request to deactivate, existing DNR, and unilateral deactivation). Only 15% of respondents had thought about device deactivation if they were to develop a serious illness from which they were not expected to recover. A majority (53%) had advance directives, but only one mentioned what to do with the device. However, a majority (78%) did not consider deactivation of an ICD shocking function against patients' wishes to be ethical or moral. Conclusion Management of ICDs and CRT-Ds as patients near the end of their lives creates ethical dilemmas. Few patients consider device deactivation at end-of-life, although a large majority believes that unilateral deactivation is not ethical/moral, even in the setting of medical futility. Advance care planning for these patients should address device deactivation.
The Cumulative Burden of Mental, Substance Use, and General Medical Disorders and Rehospitalization and Mortality After an Injury

Objective:Each year in the United States, 1.5–2.5 million individuals require hospitalization for an injury. Multiple mental, substance use, and chronic general medical disorders are endemic among injury survivors with and without traumatic brain injury (TBI), yet few studies have assessed the association between the cumulative burden of these conditions and health care outcomes. This study of patients hospitalized for an injury assessed associations between comorbid mental, substance use, and general medical disorders, TBI, and violent events or suicide attempts and the postinjury outcomes of recurrent hospitalization and death.Methods:Recurrent hospitalization and all-cause mortality were examined in this population-based retrospective cohort study. A total of 76,942 patients hospitalized for an injury in Washington State during 2006–2007 were followed for five years. ICD-9-CM codes identified conditions prior to or at the index injury admission. Index admissions related to injuries from firearms, assau...
Prospects for Instructional Design and Teacher Education

With most academic instructional design and technology (IDT) degree programs located within education units in higher education, teacher education is a focal point for research on the classroom teacher as instructional designer and implementer of technology in K-12. Further, teacher education serves as a locus for modelling and testing theory-based teaching practice arising from the discipline. This review examines the historical foundations and recent scholarship in teacher education from an instructional design and technology perspective in US and international contexts, providing a lens to the issues of theory versus practice and evolving research paradigms. Research areas reviewed include teacher thinking and planning, novice versus expert teacher differences, the use of systematic instructional design in classroom practices, and the teacher as designer of instructional materials. Changing research approaches and constructivist philosophies have widened the understanding of teacher instructional planning and action from earlier process–product causation to a more complex, situated view of practice. From an examination of the uneasy relationship between the two disciplines, prospects for future cooperation and research are explored in terms of theory building, impacts on training, debates on the nature of design practice, and potential for shaping educational reform efforts.
Development of prehospital emergency medical services: strategies for system assessment and planning.

Increasing economic capacity in the Pacific Rim has led to a greater demand for integrated pre-hospital care systems. The economic and technological growth of Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, Singapore and Hong Kong has lead to health system developments and growth of advanced healthcare and prehospital medical services. Changing economies and population distribution of many of the Southwestern countries and island regions in the South Pacific, as well as the geographical constraints necessitate a systematic and individually tailored planning process, while standardizing communication and quality of service with more will developed neighbors. While EMS systems in such a broad geographical region may take a variety of forms, each system contains some system components similar to those found in the United States and Southwest Pacific regions such as Australia and New Zealand. In evaluating EMS abroad, it is useful to compare the developing system type to one of five models: hospital based, municipal, private, volunteer, and complex. In so doing, the appropriate model system may be constructed to accommodate the demands of an evolving system. Language: en
Parameters to Define Peri-Implantitis: A Review and a Proposed Multi-Domain Scale.

Peri-implant diseases have received much attention since dental implants are generally used in contemporary dentistry. Several contributing factors associated with the development of peri-implant diseases have also been investigated. The prevalence of peri-implantitis has been reported but with great heterogeneity because of a lack of a universally accepted classification system that could define the extent and severity of peri-implantitis. Several parameters—including radiographic bone loss, probing depth, bleeding on probing, and suppuration—have been introduced in these reports to assist with clinical diagnosis. This article provides an objective evaluation of these parameters based on currently available evidence, offers further recommendations, and proposes a multidomain scale for diagnosis of peri-implantitis. Future investigations and modifications may be needed to develop a comprehensive, evidence-based classification system that addresses the multifactorial etiology of peri-implant diseases.
Air-Coupled Ultrasonic System for Detecting Delaminations and Cracks in Paintings on Wooden Panels

It has been established that the risk of damage to paintings on wood (“panel paintings”) increases with the presence of cracks, delaminations, and their associated stress concentrations. Such flaws can originate and increase in size as a result of fluctuations in temperature and relative humidity, as well as shock and vibration. Many internal flaws cannot be detected either visually or by traditional testing techniques, and it is difficult, therefore, to assess the risk transportation poses to panel paintings.
Genetic and Environmental Overlap Between Substance Use and Delinquency in Adolescence: An Analysis by Same-Sex Twins:

During adolescence, many teens begin to experiment with substances and engage in delinquent behavior. The current study seeks to examine whether and to what extent genetic and environmental factors...
Positive cumulative fluid balance at 72h is associated with adverse outcomes following acute pediatric thermal injury.

Abstract Objective To determine the association between fluid resuscitation volume following pediatric burn injury and impact on outcomes. Methods A retrospective chart review of pediatric patients (0–18 years) sustaining ≥15% TBSA burn, admitted to an American Burn Association verified pediatric burn center from 2010 to 2015. Results Twenty-seven patients met inclusion criteria and had complete data available for analysis. Fifteen (56%) patients received greater than 6 ml/kg/total body surface area burn in first 24 h and twelve (44%) patients received less than 6 ml/kg/percent total body surface area burn in first 24 h. There were no differences between groups in median number of mechanical ventilator days (4 vs 8, p = 0.96), intensive care unit length of stay (10 vs 13.5, p = 0.75), or hospital length of stay (37 vs 37.5, p = 0.56). Secondary analysis revealed that patients with a higher mean cumulative fluid overload (>253 ml/kg, n = 16) had larger burn size, higher injury severity scores, and were more likely to receive mechanical ventilation and invasive support devices. Controlling for burn size, odds of longer PICU length of stay and duration of mechanical ventilation were 20.33 [95% CI (1.7–235.6) p = 0.02] and 27.9 [95% CI (2.1–364.7) p = 0.01], respectively, among patients with a high cumulative fluid overload on day 3 compared to low cumulative fluid overload. Conclusions Resuscitation volume in the first 24 h was not associated with adverse outcomes. Persistent cumulative fluid overload at day 3 and beyond was independently associated with adverse outcomes.
Reflection on System Dynamics Principles Improves Student Performance in Haptic Paddle Labs

Contribution: Significant effort has been placed on the development of laboratory exercises for mechanical engineering curricula. Often, however, the exercises are not structured to encourage students to see the labs as a scientific process, instead of a checklist to be completed. Facilitating reflective observation and abstract conceptualization during the concrete experience (CE) of the lab improves student performance. Background: Extensive work has been put into the development of simple, low-cost educational tools to improve learning by supplementing curricula with hands-on experiences. Several devices, including haptic paddles, have been developed to combine dynamics and mechatronics content which culminate in rendering virtual environments. Despite demonstrated student interest in haptic devices and the foundational role of CE in learning, experimental comparisons of learning outcomes over a broad range of devices have had mixed results. Intended Outcomes: Device design can only address the experience portions of the learning cycle—effort put into encouraging and mediating a reflection phase will improve student performance. To test this hypothesis, the performance was compared of groups receiving the standard haptic paddle lab curriculum or a curriculum intended to facilitate reflection. Findings: Students receiving the reflective curriculum had statistically significant higher scores on lab report grades than those receiving the standard, non-reflective curriculum. The increased performance across multiple student GPA quartiles suggests that even modest curriculum changes designed to encourage reflection can improve student performance.
Strong Electron Correlation in Nitrogenase Cofactor, FeMoco.

FeMoco, MoFe7S9C, has been shown to be the active catalytic site for the reduction of nitrogen to ammonia in the nitrogenase protein. An understanding of its electronic structure including strong electron correlation is key to designing mimic catalysts capable of ambient nitrogen fixation. Active spaces ranging from [54, 54] to [65, 57] have been predicted for a quantitative description of FeMoco’s electronic structure. However, a wave function approach for a singlet state using a [54, 54] active space would require 1029 variables. In this work, we systematically explore the active-space size necessary to qualitatively capture strong correlation in FeMoco and two related moieties, MoFe3S7 and Fe4S7. Using CASSCF and 2-RDM methods, we consider active-space sizes up to [14, 14] and [30, 30], respectively, with STO-3G, 3-21G, and DZP basis sets and use fractional natural-orbital occupation numbers to assess the level of multireference electron correlation, an examination of which reveals a competition betwee...
A new hyperparamodulation strategy for the equality relation

Equality is an Important relation and many theorems can be easily symbolized through it's use. A proposed Inference rule called HL-resolution is intended to have the benefits of hyper steps while controlling the application of paramodulation. It generates a resolvent by building a paramodulation and demodulation link between two terms using a pre proceased plan as a guide. The rule is complete for E-unsatisfiable Horn sets. The linking process makes use of an equality graph which is constructed once at the beginning of the run. Once a pair of candidate terms for HL-resolutlon is chosen in the search, potential linkages can be found and tested for compatibility efficiently by looking at the paths in the graph. The method was implemented on an existing theorem-proving system. A number of experiments were conducted on problems in abstract algebra and a comparison with set-of-support paramodulation was made.
Electrospinning of Cisplatin-Loaded Cellulose Nanofibers for Cancer Drug Delivery

Cellulosic nanofibers have been electrospun with an antitumor agent Cisplatin. Cellulose acetate (CA) and Cisplatin were co-electrospun using a coaxial electrospinning system. For the outer sheath, a solution of 7.5wt% CA in Acetone and DMAc (2:1) was used. The inner core consisted of Cisplatin dissolved in DMF at a concentration of 5mg/ml. Drug-loaded nanofibers from Cellulose pulp (2wt%) dissolved in NMMO. H2O were also produced. The solutions were electrospun in a high voltage electric field of 25–30 kV. Characterization of neat and drug-loaded nanofibers was performed using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS). The characterization studies have shown the formation of nanofibers having both sporadic beads with internal agglomeration and conjugation of Cisplatin on the nanofiber surfaces.Copyright © 2014 by ASME
Lane-Emden Equations and Related Topics in Nonlinear Elliptic and Parabolic Problems

There are perhaps two fundamental questions in evolution equations. The first one is local (in time) existence and uniqueness; (i.e. “Is the initial-value problem well-posed?” The second one concerns the asymptotic behavior of solutions; i.e. “Given initial data, what happens eventually?”
Band 3 and its peptides during aging, radiation exposure, and Alzheimer's disease: alterations and self-recognition.

An aging antigen, senescent cell antigen, resides on the 911 amino acid membrane protein band 3. It marks cells for removal by initiating specific IgG autoantibody binding. Band 3 is a ubiquitous membrane transport protein found in the plasma membrane of diverse cell types and tissues, and in nuclear, mitochondrial, and golgi membranes. Band 3 in tissues such as brain performs the same functions as it does in red blood cells forming senescent cell antigen. Oxidation is a mechanism for generating senescent cell antigen. The aging antigenic sites reside on human band 3 map residues 538–554, and 812–830. Carbohydrate moieties are not required for the antigenicity or recognition of senescent cell antigen. Anion transport site were mapped to residues 588–594, 822–839, and 869–883. The aging vulnerable site which triggers the antigenic site and the transport sites of band 3 were mapped using overlapping synthetic peptides along the molecule.
The Use of Audit Working Paper Review in Reducing the Risk of Accepting Insufficient Evidence

This study tested whether the audit review process for analytical procedure working papers can help reduce the risk of accepting working papers for which sufficient evidence has not been gathered to support the unexpected fluctuation or rule out alternative explanations. Reviewer-subjects were exposed to one, both, or neither of two external cues: instruction to provide written review notes and provision of a cognitive decision aid designed to ease capacity strain on reviewers. The results indicated that the decision aid reduced the risk of accepting working papers for which insufficient evidence was gathered. However, the instruction to provide review notes had no such effect. Using Shiffren and Shneider's (1977) information processing model and Kahneman's (1973) capacity model of attention, an argument is presented that these effects occurred because of the effect of the cues on reviewers' attentional capacity.
Practice effects on reaction latency for simple and complex movements.

Abstract Henry's “Memory Drum” theory of neuromotor reaction was applied to the learning of simple and complex movements having such short duration that feedback in its classical monitoring aspect was excluded. The theory implied that the amount of program simplification and reorganization in the learning of a simple movement is small and occurs early in the practice curve, while that for a more complex movement is larger and requires more practice to reach the limits of simplification. Subjects were college women divided into simple movement and complex movement groups of 51 each. The simple movement involved a forward movement of the arm while the complex movement required subjects to change the direction of the arm movement twice. Each subject had 50 trials on her task. Since according to theory the organization of the neuromotor program takes place before the movement starts, reaction times were used to indicate time for program organization. Movement time data was also collected. The complex movement...
High-Stakes Accountability Systems: Creating Cultures of Fear.

A phenomenological case study by Counsell (2007) explored and investigated the phenomenon of what happened as Florida’s A+ Plan intersected with the life histories of one beginning African American female third grade teacher and one veteran White female third grade teacher at demographically different school communities in one Florida school district. Habermas’ theory of communicative action served as an instructive framework used to examine and contemplate two key emerging trends based on lived experiences of the various social (communicative) actors. In addition to the beginning and veteran third grade teachers, other participating social actors included third graders, their parents, other third grade teachers and school principals at the beginning and veteran teachers’ schools as well as urban school teachers and personnel at urban schools in the same school district. Across the different social actors at each respective middle-income, low-income, and high-poverty school community, the emerging trends and patterns revealed: (a) a continuum of moral and ethical dilemmas specifically and (b) an overall continuum of fear in general. Social actors’ varied lived experiences with fear in relation to high-stakes testing illuminated the following: (a) a fear of speaking out; (b) a fear regarding children’s emotional welfare; (c) fear as it intersects with race; and (d) a fear of taking the test. From these testimonials, the continuum of fear toward the FCAT (according to third grade student reflections), proved to be the most serious (if not detrimental) consequence of Florida’s high-stakes accountability system. These insights can help guide and inform future accountability decisions under the new Every Student Succeeds Act.
Learning about culturally humble care of sexual and gender minority patients.

Abstract Each day, nurses care for patients from diverse cultures and backgrounds, including those who self-identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer. To facilitate productive health partnerships, nurses need to be aware of a patient's sexual orientation, gender identity, and expression. Prelicensure nursing students employed cultural humility with the use of a video and a guided discussion. The purpose of this article is to describe teaching strategies that can be used by other nurse educators.
Automatic quick-phase detection in bedside recordings from patients with acute dizziness and nystagmus

Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause of vertigo. It can be diagnosed and treated with simple maneuvers done by vestibular experts. However, there is a high rate of misdiagnosis that results in high medical costs from unnecessary neuroimaging tests. Here we show how to improve saccade detection methods for automatic detection of quick-phases of nystagmus, a key sign of BPPV. We test our method using eye movement data recorded in patients during the diagnostic maneuver.
Tracing the Trajectory of Cursing God in Extreme Metal

This essay examines the trajectory and the major milestones in “cursing God” in the extreme metal scene. The goal of this work is to begin a more honest conversation about the relationships between God, Satan and extreme metal that goes beyond media sensationalism. Three categories of “cursing God” in the extreme metal scene are presented and these are intended to act as a springboard for continued discourse and discussion that grants further elaboration on the intent and philosophies of the artists.
Salvage high dose rate brachytherapy for recurrent prostate cancer after definitive radiation.

Abstract Purpose Salvage high-dose-rate brachytherapy (sHDRBT) for locally recurrent prostate cancer after definitive radiation is associated with biochemical control in approximately half of patients at 3 to 5 years. Given potential toxicity, patient selection is critical. We present our institutional experience with sHDRBT and validate a recursive partitioning machines model for biochemical control. Materials and Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of 129 patients who underwent whole-gland sHDRBT between 1998 and 2016. We evaluated clinical factors associated with biochemical control as well as toxicity. Results At diagnosis the median prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was 7.77 ng/mL. A majority of patients had T1-2 (73%) and Gleason 6-7 (82%) disease; 71% received external beam radiation therapy (RT) alone, and 22% received permanent prostate implants. The median disease-free interval (DFI) was 56 months, and median presalvage PSA was 4.95 ng/mL. At sHDRBT, 46% had T3 disease and 51% had Gleason 8 to 10 disease. At a median of 68 months after sHDRBT, 3- and 5-year disease-free survival were 85% (95% CI, 79-91) and 71% (95% CI, 62-79), respectively. Median PSA nadir was 0.18 ng/mL, achieved a median of 10 months after sHDRBT. Patients with ≥35%+ cores and a DFI Conclusions sHDRBT is a reasonable option for patients with locally recurrent prostate cancer after definitive RT. Those with
The Impact of Counsel at First Appearance on Pretrial Release in Felony Arraignments: The Case of Rural Jurisdictions:

This article examines the impact of early provision of counsel on judges’ pretrial release and bail decisions in two rural counties in upstate New York, in cases involving felony charges. This stud...
Online Consent Enables a Randomized, Controlled Trial Testing a Patient-Centered Online Decision-Aid for Medicare Beneficiaries to Meet Recruitment Goal in Short Time Frame:

Online consenting allows potential participants of research projects to deliberate their participation at their own pace and may be more cost-effective than conventional approaches. Yet, online consenting is not widespread in health services research due partly to concerns about security, confidentiality, and lack of established processes. We report our use of online consenting to successfully enroll over 1185 Medicare beneficiaries in a short 9-week time frame for a research study.
Fiduciary Authority and Liability in Probate Estates: An Empirical Analysis

This Article presents an empirical analysis of testamentary preferences pertaining to the selection, compensation, appointment, powers, and liability of executors. Often an after-thought in the will-drafting process, such administrative terms deserve careful attention because the executor’s central role in the transfer of property at death is so often a source of posthumous conflict. Prior research has shown that executor-related objections are the most frequently asserted claims in probate litigation. This Article surveys the history of estate fiduciary law and summarizes major reforms in the twentieth century that established modern rules governing the appointment, powers, and liability of executors. It then presents empirical findings from a sample of wills probated in New Jersey in 2015. Major findings from this dataset reveal new information about: (1) who testators nominate to serve as executor, (2) how often nominees agree to serve as executor, (3) what testators say about executor compensation, (4) which fiduciary powers testators grant or withhold from the executor, and (5) whether testators exculpate their executors from liability or otherwise modify the default fiduciary duties of care and loyalty. The Article provides examples of executor-related will provisions extracted from the dataset of probate files.
Video-based AI for beat-to-beat assessment of cardiac function.

Accurate assessment of cardiac function is crucial for the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease1, screening for cardiotoxicity2 and decisions regarding the clinical management of patients with a critical illness3. However, human assessment of cardiac function focuses on a limited sampling of cardiac cycles and has considerable inter-observer variability despite years of training4,5. Here, to overcome this challenge, we present a video-based deep learning algorithm—EchoNet-Dynamic—that surpasses the performance of human experts in the critical tasks of segmenting the left ventricle, estimating ejection fraction and assessing cardiomyopathy. Trained on echocardiogram videos, our model accurately segments the left ventricle with a Dice similarity coefficient of 0.92, predicts ejection fraction with a mean absolute error of 4.1% and reliably classifies heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (area under the curve of 0.97). In an external dataset from another healthcare system, EchoNet-Dynamic predicts the ejection fraction with a mean absolute error of 6.0% and classifies heart failure with reduced ejection fraction with an area under the curve of 0.96. Prospective evaluation with repeated human measurements confirms that the model has variance that is comparable to or less than that of human experts. By leveraging information across multiple cardiac cycles, our model can rapidly identify subtle changes in ejection fraction, is more reproducible than human evaluation and lays the foundation for precise diagnosis of cardiovascular disease in real time. As a resource to promote further innovation, we also make publicly available a large dataset of 10,030 annotated echocardiogram videos. A video-based deep learning algorithm—EchoNet-Dynamic—accurately identifies subtle changes in ejection fraction and classifies heart failure with reduced ejection fraction using information from multiple cardiac cycles.