cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Reactions of Vanadium and Niobium Oxides with Methanol

As part of an ongoing study in our laboratory to elucidate the reactivities of the group V metal oxide clusters, reactions between vanadium and niobium oxide cations and methanol were conducted using a guided ion beam mass spectrometer coupled to a laser vaporization source. Size-specific cluster reactions were identified, with some indicated products being the same as those formed in methanol reactions over condensed phase niobia and vanadia catalysts, namely, H2CO and C2H6O. The effects of the properties of the clusters, among them size, stoichiometry, oxidation state, and composition on their reactivity toward methanol, are discussed.
HETDEX tracker control system design and implementation

To enable the Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment, The University of Texas at Austin Center for Electromechanics and McDonald Observatory developed a precision tracker and control system – an 18,000 kg robot to position a 3,100 kg payload within 10 microns of a desired dynamic track. Performance requirements to meet science needs and safety requirements that emerged from detailed Failure Modes and Effects Analysis resulted in a system of 13 precision controlled actuators and 100 additional analog and digital devices (primarily sensors and safety limit switches). Due to this complexity, demanding accuracy requirements, and stringent safety requirements, two independent control systems were developed. First, a versatile and easily configurable centralized control system that links with modeling and simulation tools during the hardware and software design process was deemed essential for normal operation including motion control. A second, parallel, control system, the Hardware Fault Controller (HFC) provides independent monitoring and fault control through a dedicated microcontroller to force a safe, controlled shutdown of the entire system in the event a fault is detected. Motion controls were developed in a Matlab-Simulink simulation environment, and coupled with dSPACE controller hardware. The dSPACE real-time operating system collects sensor information; motor commands are transmitted over a PROFIBUS network to servo amplifiers and drive motor status is received over the same network. To interface the dSPACE controller directly to absolute Heidenhain sensors with EnDat 2.2 protocol, a custom communication board was developed. This paper covers details of operational control software, the HFC, algorithms, tuning, debugging, testing, and lessons learned.
Crosstalk among Epigenetic Pathways Regulates Neurogenesis

The process of neurogenesis includes neural stem cell proliferation, fate specification, young neuron migration, neuronal maturation, and functional integration into existing circuits. Although neurogenesis occurs largely during embryonic development, low levels but functionally important neurogenesis persists in restricted regions of the postnatal brain, including the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus and the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles. This review will cover both embryonic and adult neurogenesis with an emphasis on the latter. Of the many endogenous mediators of postnatal neurogenesis, epigenetic pathways, such as mediators of DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling systems, and non-coding RNA modulators, appear to play an integral role. Mounting evidence shows that such epigenetic factors form regulatory networks, which govern each step of postnatal neurogenesis. In this review, we explore the emerging roles of epigenetic mechanisms particularly microRNAs, element-1 silencing transcription factor/neuron-restrictive silencing factor (REST/NRSF), polycomb proteins, and methyl-CpG bindings proteins, in regulating the entire process of postnatal and adult neurogenesis. We further summarize recent data regarding how the crosstalk among these different epigenetic proteins forms the critical regulatory network that regulates neuronal development. We finally discuss how crosstalk between these pathways may serve to translate environmental cues into control of the neurogenic process.
Cyclotomic function fields, Artin–Frobenius automorphisms, and list error correction with optimal rate

Algebraic error-correcting codes that achieve the optimal trade-off between rate and fraction of errors corrected (in the model of list decoding) were recently constructed by a careful “folding” of the Reed–Solomon code. The “low-degree” nature of this folding operation was crucial to the list decoding algorithm. We show how such folding schemes useful for list decoding arise out of the Artin–Frobenius automorphism at primes in Galois extensions. Using this approach, we construct new folded algebraic-geometric codes for list decoding based on cyclotomic function fields with a cyclic Galois group. Such function fields are obtained by adjoining torsion points of the Carlitz action of an irreducible M∈Fq[T]. The Reed–Solomon case corresponds to the simplest such extension (corresponding to the case M=T). In the general case, we need to descend to the fixed field of a suitable Galois subgroup in order to ensure the existence of many degree 1 places that can be used for encoding. Our methods shed new light on algebraic codes and their list decoding, and lead to new codes with optimal trade-off between rate and error correction radius. Quantitatively, these codes provide list decoding (and list recovery/soft decoding) guarantees similar to folded Reed–Solomon codes but with an alphabet size that is only polylogarithmic in the block length. In comparison, for folded RS codes, the alphabet size is a large polynomial in the block length. This has applications to fully explicit (with no brute-force search) binary concatenated codes for list decoding up to the Zyablov radius.
Electrocardiographic ST-segment changes during acute, severe isovolemic hemodilution in humans.

Background Controversy exists regarding the lowest blood hemoglobin concentration that can be safely tolerated. The authors studied healthy resting humans to test the hypothesis that acute isovolemic reduction of blood hemoglobin concentration to 5 g/dl would produce an imbalance in myocardial oxygen supply and demand, resulting in myocardial ischemia. Methods Fifty-five conscious healthy human volunteers were studied. Isovolemic removal of aliquots of blood reduced blood hemoglobin concentration from 12.8 +/- 1.2 to 5.2 +/- 0.5 g/dl (mean +/- SD). Removed blood was replaced simultaneously with intravenous fluids to maintain constant isovolemia. Hemodynamics and arterial oxygen content (Cao2) were measured before and after removal of each aliquot of blood. Electrocardiographic (ECG) changes were monitored continuously using a Holter ECG recorder for detection of myocardial ischemia. Results During hemodilution, transient, reversible ST-segment depression developed in three subjects as seen on the electrocardiogram during hemodilution. These changes occurred at hemoglobin concentrations of 5-7 g/dl while the subjects were asymptomatic. Two of three subjects with ECG changes had significantly higher heart rates than those without ECG changes at the same hemoglobin concentrations. When evaluating the entire study period, the subjects who had ECG ST-segment changes had significantly higher maximum heart rates than those without ECG changes, despite having similar baseline values. Conclusion With acute reduction of hemoglobin concentration to 5 g/dl, ECG ST-segment changes developed in 3 of 55 healthy conscious adults and were suggestive of, but not conclusive for, myocardial ischemia. The higher heart rates that developed during hemodilution may have contributed to the development of an imbalance between myocardial supply and demand resulting in ECG evidence of myocardial ischemia. However, these ECG changes appear to be benign because they were reversible and not accompanied by symptoms.
Energy-Saving Technologies for Inverter Air Conditioners

Almost all residential air conditioners in Japan are inverter air conditioners in which a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is driven by a PWM inverter. The inverter technology can reduce the energy consumption to less than half that of air conditioners driven by a constant-speed induction motor (IM). This paper reviews the trends and the latest energy-efficient technologies for the motor and the power converter that achieve considerable energy saving. Copyright © 2008 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Environmental influences upon morphine or d-amphetamine induced suppression of operant behavior.

Abstract Rats trained in an operant chamber to lever press for food on a FR-30 schedule of reinforcement were given 1.0 mg d-amphetamine sulfate (IP)/kg. Injection of the drug followed by immediate placement into the operant chamber resulted in a disruption of behavior, after a 10 min latency, which lasted for approximately 25 min. Removal of the animals from the chamber soon after the onset of behavioral disruption and replacement into the chamber as soon as 2.5 min later resulted in resumption of lever pressing almost immediately. Animals left in their home cages for 10 min after being injected with d-amphetamine and then placed in the operant chamber started to bar-press almost immediately, taking an average of 4 min to receive 5 reinforcers (150 responses). A second group of rats, maintained on the same schedule of reinforcement, showed similar striking effects of delayed placement after injection with 10 mg morphine sulfate/kg. The 10 min delay resulted in a significant reversal of the behavioral suppression observed at a comparable time after injection of morphine and immediate placement into the operant chamber.
Fluorometric determination of guanisoquin in biological fluids and some observations of its physiological disposition in the rat and the dog

Abstract A fluorometric method for determining guanisoquin in plasma, urine, and tissues, based upon the coupling of guanisoquin with ninhydrin in alkaline solution to form a highly fluorescent product, is described. Limited studies of the excretion and distribution in the rat and the dog indicated that the drug is very poorly absorbed orally, rapidly removed from the blood, and extensively bound to most tissues, with the exception of brain and adipose tissue.
Cloning, expression, and chromosomal location of SHH and IHH: two human homologues of the Drosophila segment polarity gene hedgehog

The hedgehog genes encode signaling molecules that play a role in regulating embryonic morphogenesis. We have cloned and sequenced human cDNA copies of two of these genes, SHH and IHH. The SHH clone includes the full coding sequence and encodes a protein 92.4% identical to its murine homologue. The IHH clone is 89% complete and encodes a protein 94.6% identical to its murine homologue. IHH is expressed in adult kidney and liver. SHH expression was not detected in adult tissues examined; however, it is expressed in fetal intestine, liver, lung, and kidney. SHH mapped to chromosome 7q and IHH to chromosome 2 by PCR with DNA from a panel of rodent-human somatic cell hybrids. To identify the chromosomal location of SHH more precisely, a P1 genomic clone of SHH was isolated. This phage contained a CA repeat sequence tagged site that was used to map SHH relative to a polysyndactyly disease locus, using DNA prepared from affected and unaffected members of a large pedigree. SHH is closely linked, but distinct from the polysyndactyly disease locus at 7q36 (maximum lod score = 4.82, theta = 0.05) tightly linked to the EN2 locus. The murine homologues Shh, Ihh, and Dhh were mapped using (C57BL/6J x Mus spretus)F1 x C57BL/6J interspecific backcross. Shh mapped to a position 0.6 cM distal to En2 and 1.9 cM proximal to Il6 on mouse chromosome 5. This location is closely linked but distinct from the murine limb mutation Hx and syntenic to human chromosome 7q36.
A Composite Plate Theory for Arbitrary Laminate Configurations.

Abstract : In order to improve the accuracy of in-plane responses of shear deformable composite plate theories, a new laminated plate theory was developed for arbitrary laminate configuration based upon Reissner's (1984) new mixed variational principle. To this end, across each individual layer, piecewise linear continuous displacements and quadratic transverse shear stress distributions were assumed. The accuracy of the present theory was examined by applying it to the cylindrical bending problem of laminated plates which had been solved exactly by Pagano (1969). A comparison with the exact solutions obtained for symmetric, antisymmetric and arbitrary laminates indicates that the present theory acurately estimates in-plane responses, even for small span-to-thickness ratios. (Author)
Toxicogenomic effects of nano- and bulk-TiO2 particles in the soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

AbstractThe toxicity and toxicogenomics of selected anatase and rutile nanoparticles (NP) and bulk titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles were evaluated in the soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Results indicated that bulk or nano-TiO2 particles were slightly toxic to soil nematode C. elegans, as measured by reproduction EC50 values ranging from 4 to 32 mg/L. Whole-genome microarray results indicated that the regulation of glutathione-S-transferase gst-3, cytochrome P450 cypp33-c11, stress resistance regulator scl-1, oxidoreductase wah-1 and embryonic development pod-2 genes were significantly affected by nano-sized and bulk-TiO2 particles. More specifically, it was determined that anatase particles exerted a greater effect on metabolic pathways, whereas rutile particles had a greater effect on developmental processes. The up-regulation of the pod-2 gene corroborated the phenotypic effect observed in the reproduction test. Our results demonstrated that C. elegans is a good genomic model for nano-TiO2 toxici...
Deployment of a broadband seismic network in west Antarctica

A network of six broadband seismic stations was deployed in West Antarctica in November, 1998. A new data recording instrument and power system was developed to operate the stations year round using solar energy in the summer and wind energy in the winter. The data logging technology, designed to record geophysical parameters (broadband seismic and geodetic GPS—Global Positioning System), is also appropriate for other remote Antarctic and Arctic data recording applications with similar data band-widths. The seismicity of Antarctica is hypothesized to be low, but that could be an artifact of the poor distribution and small number of seismic stations on the continent. One goal of the experiment is to record data in the West Antarctic (the region most likely to exhibit seismic activity) for sufficient lengths of time in order to address this hypothesis fully. In addition, the data are useful for determining crust and mantle structure and properties. The network has been active for about half the time since installation, which is sufficient to draw statistically significant conclusions on regional seismicity. The experiment will continue for the next two years, with system modifications that should improve the performance of the network.
Determination of Turboprop Reduction Gearbox System Fatigue-Life and Reliability From Computer Generated Tests

Two computational models for the fatigue life and reliability of a turboprop gearbox are compared with each other and with field data. The two models are (1) Monte Carlo simulation of randomly selected lives of individual bearings and gears comprising a gearbox and (2) life analysis of the bearings and gears in the gearbox using the two-parameter Weibull distribution and the Lundberg-Palmgren life theory. These results were compared with field life results from 75 gearbox failures. Field data for the gearbox resulted in an L10 life of 2100 hrs. and a Weibull slope of 1.3. The Lundberg-Palmgren method resulted in a calculated L10 life of 1735 hours and a Weibull slope of 1.17. For the life estimation produced by the Monte Carlo method, the median L10 life approached 1775 hours and the Weibull slope approached a value of 1.21. There is reasonably good engineering correlation between the life results obtained from the field data and those predicted from the Lundberg-Palmgren analysis and the Monte Carlo simulation.Copyright © 2005 by ASME
A simplified adaptive recursive filter design

The adaptive recursive filter design first proposed by White [1] is re-examined, and a modified filter configuration is proposed which drastically simplifies the gradient generating mechanism. The performance behavior of the simplified filter design is analyzed.
New research, old problems: Methodological and ethical issues in fMRI research examining sex/gender differences in emotion processing.

Neuroscience research examining sex/gender differences aims to explain behavioral differences between men and women in terms of differences in their brains. Historically, this research has used ad hoc methods and has been conducted explicitly in order to show that prevailing gender roles were dictated by biology. I examine contemporary fMRI research on sex/gender differences in emotion processing and argue that it, too, both uses problematic methods and, in doing so, reinforces gender stereotypes.
The Potentially Biasing Effects of Voir Dire in Juvenile Waiver Cases

An analysis of transcripts from cases in which a juvenile is adjudicated in adult criminal court showed that potential jurors may be questioned about their attitudes toward juvenile waiver during voir dire. If jurors express concerns about trying juveniles in adult criminal court, they are excused from the jury for cause (Danielsen et al., Paper presented at the meetings of the American Psychology-Law Society, 2004). We conducted a series of three studies to examine whether questions about juvenile adjudication practices and juvenile offenders during voir dire influenced jurors’ pretrial and post-trial judgments of defendant guilt. Jurors who viewed a juvenile qualification voir dire provided higher pretrial probabilities of defendant guilt than did jurors who watched a standard voir dire that did not contain juvenile qualification questions. However, this pretrial guilt bias as a function of voir dire type did not persist after the presentation of trial evidence. Jurors who viewed a juvenile qualification voir dire and jurors who viewed a standard voir dire did not differ in their post-trial judgments of defendant guilt. Implications for the abilities of juvenile defendants to receive a fair trial in adult court are discussed.
Recall of age of weaning and other breastfeeding variables

Many studies of the impact of breastfeeding on child or maternal health have relied on data reported retrospectively. The goal of this study was to assess recall accuracy among breastfeeding mothers of retrospectively collected data on age of weaning, reasons for cessation, breast pain, lactation mastitis, and pumping. Women in Michigan and Nebraska, U.S.A. were interviewed by telephone every 3 weeks during the first 3 months after the birth of their child, and mailed a questionnaire at 6 months. A subset was interviewed again by telephone approximately 1–3.5 years after the birth. The results for the three recall periods, collected 1994–1998, were compared using correlation, linear and Cox regression analysis, and sensitivity and specificity estimates. The 184 participants were aged 18–42, mostly white (95%) and 63% had an older child. The age of weaning tended to be overestimated in interviews 1–3.5 years after birth compared to those within 3 weeks of the event, by approximately one month for 1–3.5 year recall and two weeks for 6-month recall (p < 0.001 in both cases). Recall accuracy of reasons for weaning varied greatly by reason, with mastitis and return to work having the most recall validity. The sensitivity of 1–3.5 year recall of mastitis was 80%, but was only 54% for nipple cracks or sores. Breastfeeding duration among short-term breastfeeders tended to be somewhat overestimated when measured at 1–3.5 years post-partum. Reporting of other breastfeeding characteristics had variable reliability. Studies employing retrospective breastfeeding data should consider the possibility of such errors.
Supply chain networks and service‐dominant logic: suggestions for future research

Purpose – The service‐dominant (S‐D) logic views supply chains as value co‐creation networks. These networks promote knowledge growth amongst network members via resource deployment and coordination. The exchange of knowledge and utilization of operant resources among the network members leads to co‐created service offerings and value proposals for the end‐users, with the ultimate goal of transforming end‐user experiences to perceptions of superior value‐in‐use. The purpose of this paper is to develop an illustration of the value co‐creation concept and use this illustration as guide to examine the research gaps that are yet to be tapped in the area where supply chain networks and S‐D logic intersects.Design/methodology/approach – The literature on S‐D logic is reviewed and research gaps are identified and categorized in three specific groups.Findings – Three categories of research gaps in S‐D logic and supply chain management (SCM) areas include: gaps in utilization of internal operant resources by suppl...
Algebraic synthesis of efficient deadlock avoidance policies for sequential resource allocation systems

Deadlock avoidance in sequential resource allocation systems is a well-defined problem in discrete event system literature, as it underlies the operation of many contemporary technological systems. In the past, the problem has been studied by means of a number of formal frameworks, including the finite-state automata (FSA) and Petri nets (PNs). In this paper, it is shown that a significant class of deadlock avoidance policies (DAPs), known as algebraic polynomial kernel (PK)-DAPs, originally developed in the FSA paradigm, can be analyzed using recent results from PN structural analysis. Furthermore, the approach to DAP analysis and design taken in this paper has led to the effective generalization of the currently available algebraic PK-DAPs, and to their enrichment with new and more flexible policy implementations.
Correlations between cardiac imaging and electrophysiological studies: what is the state of the art?

Changes in ventricular activation produced by bundle branch block, pre-excitation, and ventricular tachycardia and pacing have been studied by various cardiac imaging modalities. We reviewed results of previously published and newly generated imaging data correlated with known or measured electrophysiological studies. Echocardiography has been demonstrated to grossly correlate with abnormal ventricular wall motion when activation sequence was altered. However, phase analysis of radionuclide and cine-computed tomography have provided detailed noninvasive activation data that correlated reasonably well with measured electrical activation sequence in both animals and man. Analysis of wall motion may not predict activation sequence when muscle is damaged or excessive translational movement of the heart occurs. Body surface mapping of electrical potentials has the capability to accurately but noninvasively register an electrical activation image of the heart that circumvents the problems of imaging contraction sequence. In the future, body surface potential mapping should be more widely used clinically and experimentally. (ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, Volume 8, January 1991)
Transdermal scopolamine increases heart rate variability by selective parasympathetic stimulation

Summary form only given. It was hypothesized that the transdermal application of low-dose scopolamine using the unique therapeutic system Transderm Scop would selectively augment parasympathetic cardiac reflex activity and increase heart rate variability. The authors tested several indices of heart rate variability in 31 healthy adults (age: 31+or-7 years) after 234 hours of exposure to one patch of transdermal scopolamine. It was confirmed that transdermal scopolamine markedly increases heart rate variability in healthy human adults. Power spectrum analysis of R-R intervals appears to be a very sensitive measure of changes occurring within the autonomic nervous system. Changes in the power of the 0.25-Hz band, in particular, reliably indicate changes in parasympathetic nervous system activity. Transdermal scopolamine thus holds promise as a therapeutic intervention for selectively enhancing abnormally decreased vagal tone in patients after myocardial infarction, whose reduced heart rate variability may be restored to normal. >
A Review of “Megapolitan America; A new vision for understanding America's metropolitan geography”

The study of the growth and merging of cities and metropolitan areas is not new. British geographers identified an emerging urban region focused on London and Birmingham in the 1930s, and Jean Gott...
A real-time reconstruction system for magnetic resonance imaging

A digital-electronic reconstruction system for MRI has been designed and demonstrated. The system is capable of reconstructing a 128 x 128 pixel image from complex-valued data in approximately 8 ms (122 frames per second) or a 256 x 256 pixel image in 32 ms (30 frames per second) using the standard 2D FFT reconstruction algorithm. Real-time MR imaging can be obtained when this reconstruction system is coupled with fast continuous echo-planar type data acquisition. This provides the unique potential for real-time monitoring of interventional procedures or for rapid patient positioning. The real-time reconstruction system presented here consists of four main subsystems: an analog to digital converter, an interface memory, the Fourier processor, and the display processor. The basic design of this reconstruction system is presented along with results, demonstrating the capability of the system.
Development or involution in eighteenth-century Britain and China? A review of Kenneth Pomeranz's The Great Divergence: China, Europe, and the Making of the Modern World Economy

Kenneth pomeranz argues that “the great divergence” between development and involution in Europe and China did not occur until after 1800. Until then, Europe and China were comparable in population history, agriculture, handicraft industry, income, and consumption. Europe before 1800, in other words, was much less developed than the last two decades of scholarship have led us to believe, while China before 1800 was much less involuted. To make his case, Pomeranz spotlights England, the most advanced part of Europe, and the Yangzi delta area, the most advanced part of China. They diverged only after 1800, mainly because of the lucky availability of coal resources for England, and also of other raw materials from the New World.
Promoting a Normalizing Approach to Families Integrating Theory with Practice

The issue of how to promote a normalizing approach to intervention with families is increasingly important as families become the central target for intervention services. The principles underlying P.L. 99–457 provide broad support for a normalized approach. However, the specifics of how to carry out these principles in designing intervention have not been fully defined in the models of family intervention described in the literature. The ABCX Model of Family Adaptation (Hill, 1958) has been put forth as an integrated framework for linking the steps of assessment, outcomes, and implementation in a way that emphasizes family strengths as the starting point for intervention. It is argued that conceptualizing intervention using this framework increases the likelihood that intervention will be planned and conducted in ways reflective of the normalizing approach underlying P.L. 99–457.
Estimating the Impact of a Hospital Merger Using the Difference‐in‐Differences of Prices

Abstract This paper comments on “The Price Effects of Hospital Mergers: A Case Study of Sutter–Summit Transaction” by Steven Tenn. I exposit a simple model of differentiated products competition and consider the implications of Tenn’s findings in the context of this model. I find that Tenn provides compelling evidence that the merger led to a price increase at Summit Hospital. The causes of the price increase and the welfare implications of the merger are less clear, particularly since anecdotal evidence suggests that quality increased at Summit Hospital post‐merger. A difference‐in‐differences analysis using quality and quantity data can shed more light on the consequences of the merger.
Nutrition Intervention Directed by Prealbumin Screening and Repeat Testing Improves Nutrition Monitoring and Directs Patient Care Planning

Abstract LEARNING OUTCOME: To explain how PreAlbumin values can be used to identify patients at nutritional risk, direct registered dietitian interventions, and to measure patient outcomes. Registered Dietitians (RD) have limited objective criteria for measuring the effect of clinical interventions on patient outcomes. This study examines the nutrition care process utilizing PreAlbumin (PAB) as an objective tool. The nutrition care process included: 1) screening, 2) assessment, 3) intervention/care plan development, 4) recommendations to physicians, 5) repeat PAB testing, 6) reassessment/intervention, 7) discharge planning. The addition of PAB to the admission nutritional screen has identified 35% more patients at risk than the previous system. PAB was a more accurate indicator of nutritional risk and more readily available than albumin/weight status. Admission PAB allowed for 90% of patients to be screened within 24 hours of admission meeting accreditation standards and 98% of high risk patients to be assessed within 48 hours of admission. As a result of this process, 78% of RD recommendations were implemented. A sample of 37 patients were randomly selected to examine the effectiveness of utilizing repeat PAB's for reassessments/care planning. Of the 37 patients, 11 (30%) were discharged prior to repeat values. In 17 (65%) of the remaining 26 cases repeat PAB's were utilized in reassessment and directing RD interventions. Repeat PAB's drawn 3–4 days post RD intervention indicated increases of .9mg/dL up to 11.0mg/dL. Thirty-five percent of repeat PAB's that were decreased were attributed to poor intake, weight loss, stress reactions, severe dysphagia with refusal of enteral feedings. The nutrition care process concluded with documentation of PAB
CULTURAL AND TEXTUAL HYBRIDITY

This paper argues that the hybrid text is a product of a voluntarily incomplete translation process. Hybrid texts are produced by writers who want to highlight their position between cultures, creating a new site of individual and collective expression. Hybrid texts are defined as those texts which use „translation effects” to question the borders of identity. These works, which arise out of hybrid sites of belonging, involve acts of interlingual creation. Three kinds of textual hybridisation which arise out of a number of contexts of cultural and linguistic contact are investigated on the basis of literary texts.
Speaker identification based text to audio alignment for an audio retrieval system

We report on an audio retrieval system which lets Internet users efficiently access a large audio database containing recordings of the proceedings of the United States House of Representatives. The audio has been temporally aligned to text transcripts of the proceedings (which are manually generated by the US Government) using a novel method based on speaker identification. Speaker sequence and approximate timing information is extracted from the text transcript and used to constrain a Viterbi alignment of speaker models to the observed audio. Speakers are modeled by computing Gaussian statistics of cepstral coefficients extracted from samples of each person's speech. The speaker identification is used to locate speaker transition points in the audio which are then linked to corresponding speaker transitions in the text transcript. The alignment system has been successfully integrated into a World Wide Web based search and browse system as an experimental service on the Internet.
III-nitride micro-emitter arrays: development and applications

III-nitride micro-emitter array technology was developed in the authors' laboratory around 1999. Since its inception, much progress has been made by several groups and the technology has led to the invention of several novel devices. This paper provides an overview on recent progress in single-chip ac-micro-size light emitting diodes (μLEDs) that can be plugged directly into standard high ac voltage power outlets, self-emissive microdisplays and interconnected μLEDs for boosting light emitting diodes's wall-plug efficiency, all of which were evolved from III-nitride micro-emitter array technology. Finally, potential applications of III-nitride visible micro-emitter arrays as a light source for DNA microarrays and future prospects of III-nitride deep ultraviolet micro-emitter arrays for label-free protein analysis in microarray format by taking advantage of the direct excitation of intrinsic protein fluorescence are discussed.
Examining the Need for Neck Dissection in the Era of Chemoradiation Therapy for Advanced Head and Neck Cancer

Objectives To (1) determine clinical factors that predict pathologic complete response (pCR) on neck dissection after sequential chemoradiotherapy (SCRT) for advanced head and neck cancer and (2) compare survival parameters between those who underwent neck dissection and those who did not among those patients with a clinical complete response (cCR) in the neck after SCRT, thus assessing the benefit of neck dissection in patients with a cCR in the neck. Design Retrospective review with a mean follow-up of 3.5 years. Setting Regional cancer center. Patients The study population comprised 55 patients undergoing SCRT for advanced head and neck cancer with N2 or N3 neck disease. Three patients developed progressive disease and were excluded, and 28 patients underwent neck dissection. Interventions Patients were assessed by physical examination and radiographically after SCRT. Main Outcome Measures Physical examination and radiographic assessments of residual neck disease were compared with pathologic findings in those patients who underwent neck dissection. Survival comparisons were made between patients with a cCR in the neck who underwent neck dissection and those who did not. Results Of 28 patients who underwent neck dissection, 8 had persistent pathologically positive nodal disease: 5 (45%) of 11 had N3 and 3 (18%) of 17 had N2 disease. Individual clinical neck assessments after SCRT were fairly predictive of a negative pathologic finding at neck dissection. The negative predictive values were physical examination (75%), computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging (71%), and positron emission tomography (75%). However, when physical examination, imaging studies, and positron emission tomography all indicated a complete response, this accurately predicted a pCR on neck dissection. There appeared to be no improvement in survival parameters when a neck dissection was performed on patients with a cCR in the neck. Conclusions Patients with N3 disease are at high risk for residual neck metastasis after SCRT. Patients with N2 disease can be assessed with physical examination, imaging studies, and positron emission tomography. If these all indicate a cCR, then neck dissection is likely not needed. Neck dissection did not appear to further improve survival parameters for patients with a cCR in the neck.
The earthquake and tsunami of 1865 November 17: Evidence for far-field tsunami hazard from Tonga

SUMMARY Historical reports of an earthquake in Tonga in 1865 November identify it as the only event from that subduction zone which generated a far-field tsunami observable without instruments. Run-up heights reached 2 m in Rarotonga and 80 cm in the Marquesas Islands. Hydrodynamic simulations require a moment of 4 × 1028 dyn cm, a value significantly larger than previous estimates of the maximum size of earthquake to be expected at the Tonga subduction zone. This warrants an upwards re-evaluation of the tsunami risk from Tonga to the Cook Islands and the various Polynesian chains, which had hitherto been regarded as minor.
A VLSI inner-product processor for real-time DSP applications

A VLSI design of a 12/spl times/12-bit parallel inner-product processor (IPP) for two's complement multiplication is presented. The designed architecture and its driving algorithm makes an efficient use of all the array cells in order to reduce the computation time. Therefore, the time-area complexity of the designed IPP is proportional to N/spl times/m/sup 2spl times/T/sub FA/ for large N and is m times smaller than for a sequential computation on a single multiplier. An inner product of two N-dimensional vectors with m-bit words requires area proportional to m(m/2), and the delay time of (N+2m+log/sub 2/N)/spl times/T/sub FA/, where T/sub FA/ denotes the delay of a full adder. The design has been fabricated in 2-/spl mu/m CMOS double-metal technology. An example application of the designed IPP for solution of a triangular system is presented. >
Desmantelamiento y reconstrucción textual: Borges, ‘Pierre Menard, autor del Quijote’ y la traducción

Hace ya mas de cuarenta anos Rafael Gutierrez Girardot resumia la obra de Jorge Luis Borges como la tarea de un pensador que comienza su carrera como esceptico para acabar como ironista.1 Es posibl...
Homeless HealthShare: connecting health professionals and the homeless

We are developing a web-based system that helps improve the health of homeless individuals by aiding healthcare professionals in identifying, locating, and contacting homeless patients in order to initiate and continue effective healthcare. Poor health is both a significant cause and a symptom of homelessness, carrying high costs for the general public as well. Our system addresses health problems amongst the homeless by allowing healthcare professionals and other homeless service professionals from multiple organizations to better share, manage, and communicate information vital to effective healthcare.
Stability and Change in Personality Disorder

The standard view of personality disorder is that it is a maladaptive expression of personality traits, which are relatively stable and unchanging. Thus, personality disorder has been considered to have its roots in childhood and adolescence, to persist in adulthood, and to be difficult to change. However, recent research has challenged this view, revealing that personality continues to change, albeit more slowly, well into adulthood, and that the maladaptive manifestations of personality disorder are much less stable than previously believed. These research findings are described, and factors that influence stability and change in personality disorder are discussed. The emerging view of personality disorder has important implications for diagnosis, assessment, and treatment of personality pathology.
Adaptive responses to antimicrobial agents in biofilms

Bacterial biofilms demonstrate adaptive resistance in response to antimicrobial stress more effectively than corresponding planktonic populations. We propose here that, in biofilms, reaction-diffusion limited penetration may result in only low levels of antimicrobial exposure to deeper regions of the biofilm. Sheltered cells are then able to enter an adapted resistant state if the local time scale for adaptation is faster than that for disinfection. This mechanism is not available to a planktonic population. A mathematical model is presented to illustrate. Results indicate that, for a sufficiently thick biofilm, cells in the biofilm implement adaptive responses more effectively than do freely suspended cells. Effective disinfection requires applied biocide concentration that increases quadratically or exponentially with biofilm thickness.
Strategic Party Government and the 2010 Elections

This article applies the strategic parties framework to the 111th Congress and 2010 election results that followed. In 2009-2010, the Democrats pur- sued an ambitious agenda over the nearly unanimous opposition of Con- gressional Republicans, leading to a high level of partisanship on both sides. This partisanship was costly in the 2010 elections. Like other papers on this election, we find some evidence that key roll calls were linked to decreased electoral vote share. However, the clearer pattern is that overall patterns of partisanship had a consistent detrimental effect on incumbents running for reelection.
Pharmacogenetics of a PARP inhibitor ABT-888 metabolic pathway

e14556 Background: Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is essential for single-stranded DNA break repair and repair of DNA damage can lead to radio- and chemo-resistance. Thus, inhibition of PARP ac...
Webinars, Advisory Boards, Technology Transfer Implementation Plans, and Other Examples of Universities’ Best Practices in Technology Transfer

Technology transfer encompasses many activities but often connotes commercialization and patents. On the other end of the spectrum, university researchers may feel that disseminating their results in a journal or at a conference or even just briefly describing their projects in a newsletter means that they have fulfilled their technology transfer duties. Technology transfer may be related to specific projects or a group of projects, or it can be independent of specific projects. Project-related technology transfer is often considered at the end of a project, but some activities can and should occur at the beginning or middle of a project. Existing literature on technology transfer seems to have limited value for university research centers that are trying to share the results of several small projects or to provide an overview of new topics. This paper drew on a survey of universities in which respondents were asked which technology transfer methods they used. The respondents were asked (a) whether their ...
Abstract 270: Reduction in 30-day Heart Failure Readmissions

Heart failure (HF) 30-day readmission after hospitalization continues to have a significant clinical and economic burden and hospitals are seeking methods to prevent these readmissions. We tried many projects to reduce heart failure readmissions without much success. After much analysis we found that preventable readmissions occur early. Our hypothesis was that the “defect” is in-hospital or in transition at discharge. This idea led to a pilot study to reduce HF readmissions. A paper based checklist was created, utilizing a patient-centered approach to the delivery of care to optimize clinical outcomes. This checklist included in-hospital care metrics which were reinforced at various times throughout the patient’s hospital stay to ensure discharge readiness. A multi-disciplinary team: nursing, physician/LIP, pharmacy, nutrition and care management were responsible to address the following measures: We implemented this pilot study on one nursing unit and limited the use of the checklist to two physician/LIP service groups. We used an intention-to-treat analysis approach and included concurrent and historical data to determine effectiveness of the HF discharge checklist. Data for the pilot study was from the index discharge date starting April 1, 2013 to June 22, 2013. The HF readmissions for 2013 were compared to the heart failure readmissions for 2012, using the same time period April 1 to June 22. We also filtered to the physician service group in the previous year (2012) for comparison. Heart failure readmission rates in all primary and secondary HF diagnosis patient population using the checklist were very positive with results at 14.6% (12 of 82). This was compared to the previous year (2012) using the selected physician group and found the readmission rate was 26.5% (18 of 68). Heart failure readmission rates for the hospital population were 18.7% (67 of 358) in 2013, compared to 24.5% (83 of 339) in 2012. Heart failure readmission rates on the selected nursing unit, including both patient populations with and without the checklist, were 20% (29 of 145) in 2013 vs. 25.2%927 of 107) in 2012. The use of the paper based checklist was a success to reduce heart failure 30 day readmissions. ![][1] [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif
Data-Driven Agent-Based Modeling, with Application to Rooftop Solar Adoption

Agent-based modeling is commonly used for studying complex system properties emergent from interactions among many agents. We present a novel data-driven agent-based modeling framework applied to forecasting individual and aggregate residential rooftop solar adoption in San Diego county. Our first step is to learn a model of individual agent behavior from combined data of individual adoption characteristics and property assessment. We then construct an agent-based simulation with the learned model embedded in artificial agents, and proceed to validate it using a holdout sequence of collective adoption decisions. We demonstrate that the resulting agent-based model successfully forecasts solar adoption trends and provides a meaningful quantification of uncertainty about its predictions. We utilize our model to optimize two classes of policies aimed at spurring solar adoption: one that subsidizes the cost of adoption, and another that gives away free systems to low-income households. We find that the optimal policies derived for the latter class are significantly more efficacious, whereas the policies similar to the current California Solar Initiative incentive scheme appear to have a limited impact on overall adoption trends.
An international experience on the evolution of road costs during the project life cycle

The Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) is a United States government development agency that promotes economic growth and poverty reduction in poor but well-governed countries. MCC is legislatively mandated to obligate total grant amounts at the start of a project and to implement within 5 years. As a result, MCC transport infrastructure projects are sensitive to cost variability. Existing quantitative literature on transport infrastructure costs in developing countries is sparse and concentrated on the construction phase. This study evaluated the cost variability for MCC road construction projects and identified mitigating strategies. The mean increase between funding authorization and final costs was 135%. Project cost estimates were most uncertain during the design phase, where the mean increase between funding authorization and engineer's estimates was 100%. Three policy strategies to manage variations between planned and actual costs are discussed: improving funding authorization estimates, improving contingency policies, and using economies of scale in procurement packaging.
The Subconscious and Religion

There is no subject about which popular psychology just now has so much to say as the “subconscious.” Since the name came into wide use a dozen years ago, it has come to be regarded as something so definite and well understood as to be itself the explanation of many other things. Its bearing upon questions of religious experience has been particularly emphasized, and, in fact, it is largely on this account that it has aroused so much popular interest. In short, the word “subconscious” is spoken so glibly and taken to be the self-evident solution of so many spiritual problems that it will be worth our while to consider what we really know about it, and especially what its actual relation to religion may be. For, though often misused, there can be no doubt that the term stands for something very fundamental in our mental life, and that its connection with religion is in one way or another extremely important.