cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Managing Black Guys: Representation, Corporate Culture, and the NBA

This article explores the intersection of representation, management, and race in the National Basketball Association (NBA) through a larger question on the relationship between corporate strategies for managing racialized subjects and popular representations of race. The NBA “brand”is situated in terms of recent developments in corporate and popular culture and then analyzed as an example of diversity management. Relying on original interviews with NBA corporate employees, as well as business and marketing industry reporting, the article analyzes the NBA as simultaneously an organization and a brand. As such, the NBA helps to “articulate” the corporate with the popular, largely through an implied racial project that manages race relations by continuing to equate corporate interests with Whiteness. The analysis contributes to ongoing discussions about the role of sports in perpetuating social disparities based on race at a time when “colorblindness” remains the paradigm of White approaches to race.
Optimizing Galois Field Arithmetic for Diverse Processor Architectures and Applications

Galois field implementations are central to the design of many reliable and secure systems, with many systems implementing them in software. The two most common Galois field operations are addition and multiplication; typically, multiplication is far more expensive than addition. In software, multiplication is generally done with a look-up to a pre-computed table, limiting the size of the field and resulting in uneven performance across architectures and applications. In this paper, we first anaylze existing table-based implementation and optimization techniques for multiplication in fields of the form GF(21). Next, we propose the use of techniques in composite fields: extensions of GF(21) in which multiplications are performed in GF(21) and efficiently combined. The composite field technique trades computation for storage space, which prevents eviction of look-up tables from the CPU cache and allows for arbitrarily large fields. Most Galois field optimizations are specific to a particular implementation; our technique is general and may be applied in any scenario requiring Galois fields. A detailed performance study across five architectures shows that the relative performance of each approach varies with architecture, and that CPU, memory limitations and fields size must be considered when selecting an appropriate Galois field implementation. We also find that the use of our composite field implementation is often faster and less memory intensive than traditional algorithms for GF(21).
Coordinated Vehicle/Manipulation Design and Control Issues for Underwater Telemanipulation

Abstract Control of underwater vehicle/manipulator systems described by highly nonlinear and coupled dynamics can be improved through careful vehicle and manipulator design, while novel controller structures can improve system performance and simplify the man/machine interface requirements. Understanding and overcoming sensor limitations present in underwater vehicle navigation is one of the basic requirements for high fidelity control and trajectory planning of the manipulators’ endeffector attached to its mobile base. Modelling and control of ducted propellers used as actuators becomes crucial for fine control and the avoidance of limit-cycling during hovering maneuvers. The ability to model the pitch/roll-translation coupling for such systems is necessary to increase the performance and fidelity of trajectory following and force/impedance control. Neglecting such coupling effects not only results in poor tracking performance but can also cause instabilities due to excitation of unmodelled ‘pendulum’ modes and the operation near venicle/manipulator singularities. The necessity to coordinate vehicle ana manipulator control for unconstrained motions and contact tasks requires the development of a coordinated controller structure. The use of a dual impedance structure can insure stability during contact tasks with a wide variety of environments, while the use of a coupling impedance is used to shape the relative behavior between vehicle and manipulator endpoint. The operational use of such a dual/coupled controller structure extends the maneuvering and manipulation capabilities of mobile manipulation platforms by reducing the number of variable controller parameters and thus operator burden while increasing system flexibility and userfriendliness of the man/machine interface. This paper presents preliminary simulation and experimental results.
nab-paclitaxel: a novel formulation of taxane for treatment of breast cancer

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer diagnosed in women. Anthracyclines and taxanes are the most active and widely used chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of both early-stage and advanced breast cancer. In the past decade, novel formulations of these cytotoxic agents have been developed to improve efficacy and decrease toxicity. nab-paclitaxel is a solvent-free, albumin-bound 130-nm particle form of paclitaxel (Abraxane, Abraxis Bioscience, CA, USA), which was developed to avoid toxicities associated with the Cremophor vehicle used in solvent-based paclitaxel. In a Phase III study, nab-paclitaxel demonstrated higher response rates, a better safety profile compared with conventional paclitaxel, and improved survival in patients receiving it as second-line therapy. Based on this pivotal trial, nab-paclitaxel is now approved in the USA for treatment of breast cancer after failure of combination chemotherapy for metastatic disease or relapse within 6 months of adjuvant therapy where prior therapy included an anthracycline unless clinically contraindicated. Recently, several Phase II studies have suggested a role for nab-paclitaxel as a single agent and in combination with other agents for first-line treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Studies are ongoing to explore the use of nab-paclitaxel in other solid tumors such as non-small-cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer and malignant melanoma.
Intercultural Rhetoric and Professional Communication: Technological Advances and Organizational Behavior

Teaching intercultural rhetoric and professional communication seminars has been one of my most enjoyable experiences as a college professor. It comes with a cost though. Finding relevant and updat...
Temperature of the milling balls in shaker and planetary mills

The temperature increase of the milling balls in two laboratory mills, frequently used for mechanical alloying and mechanochemical experiments, was studied using direct calorimetric measurements. The ball temper- ature remains below 100 � C in a SPEX 8000 shaker mill and it is cooler when flat-ended rather than round-ended vial is used, although the milling intensity, as measured by the mechanical dose rate, follows the opposite trend. Temperatures over 200 � C are typical in planetary mills operating at similar milling intensities. It is suggested that the higher ball temperatures result from more oblique collisions and friction, while the lower temperature but higher intensity of the shaker mill with flat-ended vial is due to the larger proportion of frontal impacts.
Calcium Release at Fertilization of Xenopus Eggs Requires Type I IP3 Receptors, but Not SH2 Domain-Mediated Activation of PLCγ or Gq-Mediated Activation of PLCβ

Abstract Elevation of intracellular Ca 2+ at fertilization is essential for the initiation of development in the Xenopus egg, but the pathway between sperm–egg interaction and Ca 2+ release from the egg's endoplasmic reticulum is not well understood. Here we show that injection of an inhibitory antibody against the type I IP 3 receptor reduces Ca 2+ release at fertilization, indicating that the Ca 2+ release requires IP 3 . We then examine how IP 3 production is initiated. Xenopus eggs were injected with specific inhibitors of the activation of two phospholipase C isoforms, PLCγ and PLCβ. The Src-homology 2 (SH2) domains of PLCγ were used to inhibit SH2-mediated activation of PLCγ, and an antibody against G q family G-proteins was used to inhibit G q -mediated activation of PLCβ. Though the PLCγ SH2 domains inhibited platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced Ca 2+ release in eggs with exogenously expressed PDGF receptors, they did not inhibit the Ca 2+ rise at fertilization. Similarly, the G q family antibody blocked serotonin-induced Ca 2+ release in eggs with exogenously expressed serotonin 2C receptors, but not the Ca 2+ rise at fertilization. A mixture of PLCγ SH2 domains and the G q antibody also did not inhibit the Ca 2+ rise at fertilization. These results indicate that Ca 2+ release at fertilization of Xenopus eggs requires type I IP 3 -gated Ca 2+ channels, but not SH2 domain-mediated activation of PLCγ or G q -mediated activation of PLCβ.
Electrical resonance of isolated hair cells does not account for acoustic tuning in the free-standing region of the alligator lizard's cochlea

The cochlea of the alligator lizard is divided into two morphologically and physiologically distinct regions. In the “tectorial region,” hair bundles of hair cells are draped by a tectorial membrane, whereas in the “free-standing region,” hair bundles are said to be free-standing because there are no overlying tectorial structures. The acoustic tuning of the free-standing region depends at least in part on mechanical resonances of the hair bundles. In the turtle cochlea, in contrast, acoustic tuning depends in large part upon the electrical properties of the hair cells. We have investigated the electrical properties of hair cells isolated from the free-standing region of the alligator lizard9s cochlea. When injected with steps of depolarizing current, these “free-standing hair cells” exhibited electrical resonances that were comparable in frequency and quality to electrical resonances in cochlear hair cells from turtles, chicks, and alligators, and in saccular hair cells from frogs and fish. In the lizard9s free- standing hair cells, however, the electrical resonance frequencies (
Improving Neonatal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Hemodynamics Are Sustained Inflations During Compressions the Answer

Chest compressions are rarely needed in newly born infants, with an estimated occurrence of 0.08% for near-term and term deliveries; however, the consequences of a hypoperfused state on the brain and other organ systems can be devastating.1 Newborns that require prolonged cardiac compressions with no signs of life beyond 10 minutes are at risk for exceptionally poor outcomes, with up to 83% mortality and 77% severe disability noted in survivors.2 Although initiation of therapeutic hypothermia appears to have some advantage for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) recipients who survive the delivery room,3 optimization of the hemodynamics of neonatal cardiac compressions during CPR remains critical. Article see p 2495 The infrequent use of cardiac compressions for newborns in the delivery room has impeded the design and completion of rigorous investigations to determine the most effective neonatal cardiac compression methodologies.4 The unique physiology of the …
Optical absorption measurements in the soft-x-ray range

We report measurements of optical-absorption coefficients obtained by techniques not requiring free-standing films. The results of these methods are compared with data obtained by inelastic electron scattering. We find that, as expected, absorption data obtained with smoother substrates yield results with more detail in the regions with rich structure. The spectra resulting from samples evaporated onto a Si diode vacuum-UV detector with a KCI buffer layer yield results that are quite similar to the results for inelastic electron scattering.
How did Project Northland reduce alcohol use among young adolescents? Analysis of mediating variables

Project Northland is a randomized trial designed to create, implement and evaluate multilevel, community-wide strategies to prevent alcohol use among adolescents. This paper will focus on the mediating outcomes of the early adolescent phase of Project Northland when the students in the study cohort were in Grades 6-8. The project was conducted in 24 school districts and adjacent communities in northeastern Minnesota. The intervention consisted of social-behavioral curricula in schools, peer leadership activities, parental involvement and education, and community-wide activities. At the end of 3 years of intervention, significantly fewer students in the intervention school districts reported alcohol use than students in the reference districts. Mediation analyses were conducted to investigate if the intervention's effects on mediating variables could explain the reduction in alcohol use. Important mediators of Project Northland's effect on alcohol use were: (1) peer influence to use, including normative estimates, (2) functional meanings of alcohol use, (3) attitudes and behaviors associated with alcohol and drug problems like stimulus seeking, rule violations and bad judgement, and (4) parent-child alcohol-related communication around alcohol use. In addition, among those who did not use alcohol at baseline, self-efficacy to refuse offers of alcohol was a significant mediator.
Hospice care in prison: general principles and outcomes

In recent years, tougher sentencing laws have resulted in larger numbers of elder prison inmates and, consequently, more deaths occurring in prisons. In this context, the introduction of prison hospice programs takes on great significance. The purpose of this study is to identify the principle components and outcomes of prison hospice programs based on data gathered from semistructured telephone interviews with prison hospice providers in state and federal correctional institutions and from other sources. The results suggest that there is a growing effort to provide palliative care to dying inmates across the country and that all of the existing programs share common elements and similar structures. Major outcomes of prison hospice programs include cost-effectiveness, enhanced correction, and comfort care.
Liquid Film Boiling Heat Transfer in the Presence and Absence of Gravity

Liquid film boiling is an effective method of heat removal from a flat surface and has many terrestrial applications. It is an attractive technique for microgravity thermal control but cannot be sustained in the absence of gravity, according to theoretical prediction. However, this has not been experimentally confirmed to date for various reasons such as difficulty of performing experiments in microgravity and the associated cost. This paper presents new terrestrial and microgravity experimental results of liquid film boiling in a radial heat transport device. The microgravity experiments were performed on board a variable gravity parabolic flight. The data were expected to show that absence of gravity results in very high heater surface temperatures and eventual dryout compared to results in the presence of gravity at a given heat flux. However, this only occurred during the transition phase from 1.8-g to 0-g in the parabolic maneuver and the heater temperatures remained normal during the 0-g phase. Despite this, the results still add valuable information to the overall understanding of the liquid-vapor phase-change process in the absence of gravity. They have also laid the foundation for further experimental work such as using electrohydrodynamic (EHD) conduction pumping to facilitate liquid film boiling in microgravity, which we have presented in another study.Copyright © 2014 by ASME
Frequency of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1A.105 resistance alleles in field populations of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda , in Louisiana and Florida

Abstract Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), is a major pest of many crops and a cross-crop target of transgenic maize, cotton, and soybean containing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) genes. Some of the current Bt maize products for controlling lepidopteran species contain the Bt event MON 89034. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of resistance alleles in field populations of S. frugiperda collected from Louisiana and Florida, U.S. to Cry1A.105, one of the two Bt genes in MON 89034. A total of 150 F2 two-parent families of S. frugiperda were established using single-pair mating of field-collected individuals in 2011, which included 79 families from two locations in Louisiana and 71 families from one location in Florida. F2 screen was conducted to detect resistance alleles in these families to Cry1A.105 protein in maize plants. Four out of the 79 Louisiana and 14 out of the 71 Florida families were identified to possess resistance alleles to the Cry1A.105 maize plants. Thus, the corresponding frequency of resistance alleles to Cry1A.105 maize was estimated to be 0.0158 with a 95% credibility interval (CI) of 0.0052–0.0323 for the Louisiana populations and 0.0559 with a 95% CI of 0.0319–0.0868 for the Florida populations. The resistant families survived on whole Cry1A.105 maize plants and demonstrated a significant level (>116-fold) of resistance to the Cry1A.105 protein in a diet-incorporated bioassay. These findings suggest that resistance allele frequency in S. frugiperda to single-gene Cry1A.105 maize in the U.S. southeast region apparently is not rare, most likely due to the selection of Cry1F resistance and its cross-resistance to Cry1A.105.
Increased susceptibility to metabolic dysregulation in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease is associated with impaired hypothalamic insulin signaling and elevated BCAA levels

Abstract Introduction Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated an association between diabetes and dementia. Insulin signaling within the brain, in particular within the hypothalamus regulates carbohydrate, lipid, and branched chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism in peripheral organs such as the liver and adipose tissue. We hypothesized that cerebral amyloidosis impairs central nervous system control of metabolism through disruption of insulin signaling in the hypothalamus, which dysregulates glucose and BCAA homeostasis resulting in increased susceptibility to diabetes. Methods We examined whether APP/PS1 mice exhibit increased susceptibility to aging or high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic impairment using metabolic phenotyping and insulin-signaling studies. Results APP/PS1 mice were more susceptible to high-fat feeding and aging-induced metabolic dysregulation including disrupted BCAA homeostasis and exhibited impaired hypothalamic insulin signaling. Discussion Our data suggest that AD pathology increases susceptibility to diabetes due to impaired hypothalamic insulin signaling, and that plasma BCAA levels could serve as a biomarker of hypothalamic insulin action in patients with AD.
Diagnostic Classification Past, Present, and Future: Implications for Pharmacotherapy

Making a diagnosis is a key step in understanding the natural course of a disorder, selecting an appropriate treatment for the disorder, and predicting its response to treatment. Diagnostic proposals can be evaluated in two ways: reliability and validity. The reliability and validity of diagnoses are not one and the same, although establishing reliability is usually a necessary step before being able to evaluate and determine validity. There is little evidence that most psychiatric diagnoses are valid, but the reliability of diagnoses using classification systems developed since 1970 have greatly improved and are important for clinical practice and research. Past and current diagnostic systems have not optimally assisted the search for disorder-specific pathophysiological mechanisms, and they do not provide the specificity that clinicians would like when selecting medication. The Research Domain Criteria project is intended to shift research away from categorical diagnoses to focus on dysregulated neurobiological systems, and this approach ultimately may be more useful for understanding the pathophysiology of mental disorders and improving the development and use of treatment interventions.
Deprivation time and the initiation of drinking

Differing dehydration states were produced by varying hours of deprivation from 0–72 h. The speed with which Ss began drinking and the amount of water consumed varied directly with dehydration levels lower than those associated with the habituation conditions. Higher levels resulted in higher intakes and unchanging latencies to drink.
Risk management when operating in the posterior mandible.

A risk management protocol for the placement of implants in the posterior mandible is a sensible precaution for reducing the risk of nerve damage and the risk of possible litigation. This paper identifies the need for careful treatment planning and the use of relevant tests (eg, the CT scan). A prot
Religion and psychological distress.

The positive emotional function of religion has been well accepted, but the evidence has not been conclusive. Furthermore, research has rarely made explicit comparisons to persons who claim to have no religion. Using a representative sample of Illinois residents (and controlling for sociodemographics and willingness to express feelings), I found that the stronger a person's religious belief, the lower the level of psychological distress. This supports the idea that religion reduces demoralization and provides hope and meaning. However, I also found that persons with no religion likewise had low levels of distress. Thus, there was a curvilinear effect of religious belief on distress. In addition, I found that Protestants had the lowest distress levels, followed by Catholics, Jews, and others. Differences in belief systems, however, especially a belief in the American Protestant ethic, did not explain differences in distress among religious groups. Strength of religious beliefs appears to be more important than content in explaining the effect of religion on psychological distress.
Trap Dominated Hydrogen Transport in Disordered Silicon

Polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) is receiving attention as an electronic material to replace hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) as active layer in device structures such as thin-film transistors and solar cells. Hydrogen transport in polycrystalline silicon was investigated by deuterium diffusion experiments. D was introduced either from a remote plasma or a solid-state source. The data can be explained by a two-level model used to explain diffusion in amorphous silicon. The energy difference between transport level and deuterium chemical potential was found to be 1.3 eV. A band of shallow levels for hydrogen trapping is located about 0.6 eV below the transport level, while deep levels are about 1.7 eV below.
Skeletal composition of Silurian benthic marine faunas

Bulk skeletal composition of Silurian benthic marine faunas was measured by phylum/class-level point counts of 162 samples from Europe and North America. Data for percent of skeletal material were plotted on triangular coordinates, using brachiopods, molluscs and arthropods as one axis, stromatoporoids, corals, and bryozoans as a second axis, and echinoderms as a third axis. This plot shows discrete fields of skeletal composition that correspond to major sedimentary environments. Faunas of nearshore clastic shelves and carbonate tidal flats are dominated by brachiopods, molluscs and arthropods and show relatively low diversity and little or no epifaunal tiering. Faunas of offshore clastic shelfs are dominated by the former three groups and also contain moderate amounts of echinoderms, corals and bryozoans, resulting in higher diversity and variable development of tiering. Reefs and level-bottom faunas of subtidal carbonate sediments are dominated by echinoderms, stromatoporoids, corals and bryozoans and show high diversity and extensive epifaunal tiering.
Target monitoring and preventing iatrogenic infection of disinfection work

Objective:To find out the actual circumstances of executing disinfection of medical institutions in Pingyang in order to prevent iatrogenic infection more efficiently.Methods:Employing methods of routine monitoring and target monitoring,the disinfectant quality is monitored.Results:There are significant differences between the qualification rates of routine monitoring′s and target monitoring′s.Conclusion:Only employing routine monitoring is becoming more and more insignificant.Thus,in order to find problems in time and to reduce iatrogenic infection,we should increase target monitoring appropriately afterwards.
Teaching Affirmative Action: Fisher v. University of Texas (Presentation Slides)

These slides cover the Fisher v. University of Texas case (Fisher I) and affirmative action in the educational concept. They use the case as a vehicle to teach the law, ethics and public policy of affirmative action. These slides go over the players, the facts, the procedural history, relevant precedent, the issue, holding and ethics of the case. The slides end with tough questions on the topic and about the case.
Measles Encephalomyelitis: Vaccine Failure Related

A 10-year-old boy diagnosed with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and positive serology for rubeola is reported from the Otaru Kyokai Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan.
Couplings Across the Vibrational Spectrum Caused by Strong Hydrogen Bonds: A Continuum 2D IR Study of the 7-Azaindole-Acetic Acid Heterodimer

Strongly hydrogen-bonded motifs provide structural stability and can act as proton transfer relays to drive chemical processes in biological and chemical systems. However, structures with medium and strong hydrogen bonds are difficult to study due to their characteristically broad vibrational bands and large anharmonicity. This is further complicated by strong interactions between the high-frequency hydrogen-bonded vibrational modes, fingerprint modes, and low-frequency intradimer modes that modulate the hydrogen-bonding. Understanding these structures and their associated dynamics requires studying much of the vibrational spectrum. Here, mid-IR continuum spectroscopy of the cyclic 7-azaindole–acetic acid (7AI–AcOH) heterodimer reveals the vibrational relaxation dynamics and couplings of this complex hydrogen-bonded system. Within this dimer, the NH bond of 7AI exhibits a band at 3250 cm–1 caused by a medium strength hydrogen bond, while the strongly hydrogen-bonded OH modes of acetic acid exhibit a broad...
Somatic individuality in context, a comparative case study:

Scholars have challenged the totalizing nature of the “geneticization thesis,” arguing that its brushstrokes are too broad to capture the complicated nature of the new genetics. One such challenge ...
Abstract 77: Balancing Risks and Benefits of Anticoagulation Therapy in Atrial Fibrillation in Community Practice: Results from the ORBIT-AF Registry

Background Oral anticoagulation (OAC) can reduce stroke risk at the cost of increased bleeding risk in those with atrial fibrillation (AF). Observational data have shown that higher-risk patients with AF most likely to benefit from OAC are less likely to receive OAC at hospital discharge. Methods We used data from ORBIT-AF Registry, a cohort of 9,589 AF patients enrolled among 173 participating outpatient practices. OAC was defined as warfarin or dabigatran use at study enrollment. Stroke and bleeding risk were calculated using the CHADS2 and ATRIA scores, respectively. Results The study population had a mean age of 73.5 years; 57.8% were men. Overall, 76.4% of patients received OAC. Use of OAC rose with increasing CHADS2 stroke risk, from 67% for CHADS2 <1 to 80% for CHADS2 ≥2 (p<0.0001). OAC use fell slightly with increasing ATRIA bleeding risk, from 77% for ATRIA score ≤3 to 74% with ≥5 (p=0.002 for trend). Among patients with low bleeding risk, rates of OAC increased commensurate with stroke risk (p<0.0001 for interaction; see figure). Higher bleeding risk tended to decrease rates of OAC among patients with a CHADS2 score ≥2 (p=0.13 for interaction). Conclusions In community-based outpatients with AF, use of OAC rose with increasing thromboembolic risk and declined with higher bleeding risk. These findings suggest that the risk-treatment paradox may be less that previously reported. Provision of OAC in community practice appears to appropriately consider patients' stroke and bleeding risks. Further research is required to understand how quality improvement initiatives can further improve stroke prevention. ![Graphic][1] [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif
Active Control of Rear Sub-Frame Vibration in Rear and All-Wheel Drive Vehicles

Feedback control of the rear sub-frame structure is used to abate its gear mesh induced vibration. The goal of the active control is to absorb vibration at a location close to the perturbation source, i.e., the rear differential. Proof mass actuators (PMAs) are used in this active vibration control application. A tuned absorption-based as well as a linear quadratic active vibration control schemes, each with its own advantages and disadvantages, were developed for this application. Following to the synthesis and numerical simulation of the two active vibration control strategies, they were first evaluated on a test structure in the laboratory.Following the laboratory evaluation, one of the active vibration control strategies was implemented on an all-wheel drive vehicle. Two small PMAs, mounted on the rear sub-frame of the vehicle, were used as the active elements in this vibration control application. An accelerometer placed next to each actuator was used as the feedback sensor.The effectiveness of active vibration control in absorbing the shaker induced vibration of the sub-frame was successfully demonstrated. In addition, rolling dynamometer tests showed effective vibration reduction of rear differential induced vibration of the sub-frame. As expected, lowering the sub-frame vibration resulted in lower vibration and noise in the cabin.Copyright © 2016 by ASME
Facial Asymmetry in a Crying Newborn: A Comparison of Two Cases and Review of Literature

Facial asymmetry in a crying newborn can be due to a variety of different causes. Neonatal asymmetric crying facies (NACF) is a specific phenotype, which is often underrecognized. It is defined as asymmetry of the mouth and lips with grimacing or smiling, but a symmetric appearance at rest. NACF needs to be differentiated from complete facial palsy in a newborn, which can occur due to traumatic or developmental etiologies. Developmental causes can be present in isolation or may be a part of a recognized syndrome. While asymmetric lower lip depression may be seen in both conditions, complete facial palsy is also associated with upper and mid face deformities. We present a case of NACF and compare it to a case of facial palsy due to perinatal trauma. The purpose of this case series is to clarify some of the confusing nomenclatures and highlight the differences in the physical exam findings, diagnosis, and eventual prognosis of these cases.
Food Insecurity and Health Care Expenditures in the United States, 2011-2013

Objective To determine whether food insecurity, limited or uncertain food access owing to cost, is associated with greater health care expenditures. Data Source/Study Setting Nationally representative sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population of the United States (2011 National Health Interview Survey [NHIS] linked to 2012–2013 Medication Expenditure Panel Survey [MEPS]). Study Design Longitudinal retrospective cohort. Data Collection/Extraction Methods A total of 16,663 individuals underwent assessment of food insecurity, using the 10-item adult 30-day food security module, in the 2011 NHIS. Their total health care expenditures in 2012 and 2013 were recorded in MEPS. Expenditure data were analyzed using zero-inflated negative binomial regression and adjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, income, insurance, and residence area. Principal Findings Fourteen percent of individuals reported food insecurity, representing 41,616,255 Americans. Mean annualized total expenditures were $4,113 (standard error $115); 9.2 percent of all individuals had no health care expenditures. In multivariable analyses, those with food insecurity had significantly greater estimated mean annualized health care expenditures ($6,072 vs. $4,208, p < .0001), an extra $1,863 in health care expenditure per year, or $77.5 billion in additional health care expenditure annually. Conclusions Food insecurity was associated with greater subsequent health care expenditures. Future studies should determine whether food insecurity interventions can improve health and reduce health care costs.
Confederate Memory in Post-Confederate Atlanta—a Prolegomena

ABSTRACTThe landscape surrounding a memory site strongly influences how it is perceived by the people who visit it. As landscapes are prone to change over time, it is important to acknowledge the ways that such change exerts influence over visitors’ experiences. Through a historically oriented in situ investigation of Atlanta’s Civil War commemoration sites, I reconstruct a narrative from that city’s history that demonstrates how changing contexts, physical and social, can influence both the use of memory sites and the construction of future memory sites. I suggest that change in these sites’ fragmented surroundings prompted the construction of new monuments that were chiefly informed by ideological inadequacies created by transformed landscapes at older memory sites.
On the Occurrence of the Gastropod Genus Cassis in the Esmeraldas Fauna, Northwestern Ecuador

In his seminal treatment of the Panama Land Bridge as a sea barrier, Woodring (1966) coined the now-familiar term "paciphile" for those molluscan genera and/or species that, during the Tertiary, lived on both sides of the Tropical American landmass, but today are living only on the Pacific side. At that time he listed 43 genera or subgenera classified as paciphiles; predicting, however, that some would be eliminated from the list as living representatives were discovered in the western Atlantic. In contrast, he cited only four "caribphile" genera, those that survive in the Caribbean but are extinct in the eastern Pacific. Time has proved his prediction correct and perhaps five of the formerly paciphile genera have been eliminated from his list, nevertheless the overwhelming number of paciphile genera, in contrast to caribphile genera, remains intact.
3D machine vision in IoT for factory and building automation (Invited)

“Internet of Things” (IoT) is rapidly reshaping our ways of life. This talk will focus on how a new class of 3D ToF (Time-of-Flight) image sensors will improve the vision of the “things” of IoT by giving it a sense of depth. This improvement in machine vision is bringing significant advances in factory and building automation. Application examples using the 3D ToF technology in these two areas will be given. The current state of the art will be presented and future directions will be discussed.
Solving a Higgs optimization problem with quantum annealing for machine learning

The discovery of Higgs-boson decays in a background of standard-model processes was assisted by machine learning methods. The classifiers used to separate signals such as these from background are trained using highly unerring but not completely perfect simulations of the physical processes involved, often resulting in incorrect labelling of background processes or signals (label noise) and systematic errors. Here we use quantum and classical annealing (probabilistic techniques for approximating the global maximum or minimum of a given function) to solve a Higgs-signal-versus-background machine learning optimization problem, mapped to a problem of finding the ground state of a corresponding Ising spin model. We build a set of weak classifiers based on the kinematic observables of the Higgs decay photons, which we then use to construct a strong classifier. This strong classifier is highly resilient against overtraining and against errors in the correlations of the physical observables in the training data. We show that the resulting quantum and classical annealing-based classifier systems perform comparably to the state-of-the-art machine learning methods that are currently used in particle physics. However, in contrast to these methods, the annealing-based classifiers are simple functions of directly interpretable experimental parameters with clear physical meaning. The annealer-trained classifiers use the excited states in the vicinity of the ground state and demonstrate some advantage over traditional machine learning methods for small training datasets. Given the relative simplicity of the algorithm and its robustness to error, this technique may find application in other areas of experimental particle physics, such as real-time decision making in event-selection problems and classification in neutrino physics.
Hospice Informal Caregivers' Perception of a Good Death Experience: A SERVQUAL Analysis

ABSTRACTThis research study explores hospice informal caregivers' perceptions of service quality and a good death experience during end-of-life care. It demonstrates how service dimensions of the SERVQUAL analysis affect overall customer satisfaction. This study addresses contrast and dissonance theory as relative to marginal gaps in actual service performance and the effect on overall customer satisfaction. The research indicated that while reliability was the core of the service outcome, peripheral variables (e.g., assurance, empathy, responsiveness, and tangibility) integrated emotions and feelings into the hospice service process that equated to a positive disconfirmation of expectations and a good death experience.
Do Adverse Oil-Price Shocks Change Loan Contract Terms for Energy Firms?

This article examined whether the relationship between creditworthiness and loan spreads for energy firms in the syndicated loan market changed after the 2014 oil-price shock. {{p}} The authors use syndicated loans, which are jointly funded by several financial institutions, because the syndicated loan market is a major source of debt financing for oil firms. Credit conditions tightened following the oil-price shock in mid-2014.
Flexure Performance of RC One-Way Slabs Strengthened with Composite Materials

AbstractComposite materials are widely used in retrofitting bridge and building construction in order to improve the load-carrying capacity of understrength or deficient structural members. This pa...
Startle Reflex Modulation: Perception, Attention, and Emotion

In this chapter, we discuss a new method for assessing attention and affect that relies on the measurement of a simple reflex that occurs in all mammalian species — the startle reflex. The abrupt presentation of a sensory stimulus— for example, a burst of noise or a flash of light — elicits a reflexive startle response. The gross features of startle in humans include a forward thrusting of the head and a descending flexor wave reaction that extends through the trunk to the knees. The first, fastest, and most stable element in the startle sequence is the reflexive eyeblink, occurring within 30–80 ms after stimulus onset, which is a reliable motor response that is easy both to measure and to quantify.
Reactions in Ionized Metal Carbonyls: Clustering and Oxidative Addition

Volatile metal carbonyls were among the first transition metal compounds studied by mass spectrometry.(1–4) On electron impact the metal carbonyl molecular ions lose carbonyl ligands successively. A series of ions with increasing degrees of coordinative unsaturation result. The bare metal atomic ion (or cluster ion in the case of polynuclear carbonyls) in fact frequently dominates the mass spectrum. These coordinatively unsaturated ions represented a unique opportunity as techniques for studying gas phase ion-molecule reactions developed. Mass spectrometric studies of the metal carbonyls provide the basis on which we can exploit this opportunity.
Against Historic Preservation: Transforming Old Buildings for New (Sustainable) Futures

Buildings are tangible records of human effort. They contain artistic and artisanal aesthetic intention, cultural and historical value, and not least, embodied energy. I believe that old buildings ...
Be the Change: The Making of a Servant Leader

This chapter focuses on the core message of the Gitā, as interpreted by Gandhi and the practical lessons in life and leadership that Gandhi drew from his lifelong study of this timeless spiritual classic. It traces the influence of the Gitā in the fashioning of Gandhi as a servant leader. It demonstrates why the Gitā exercised such a singular hold on Gandhi’s mind and heart. The Gitā was a spiritual reference book for Gandhi. He studied it all his life; he lived, worked, and died according to the spirit of the Gitā. It is well known that Gandhi modeled his life upon the teachings of the Gitā and “constantly referred to it as his ‘spiritual dictionary,’ ‘the mother who never let him down,’ or his ‘kāmdhenū,’ ‘the cow that grants all wishes’.” The Gitā played a pivotal role in guiding, shaping, and solidifying his beliefs and actions.
Inherited Cause of in Utero Digital Malformations

Amniotic band sequence (ABS) is common birth defect of incompletely understood origin. Here we describe a case of ABS in a child with paternally inherited Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, vascular type (vEDS). This is the third reported instance of ABS associated with paternally inherited vEDS in the medical literature. The two main theories of ABS formation are the extrinsic and intrinsic. The extrinsic theory states that placental tears form fibrous cords that wrap around the fetus; the intrinsic states that poor vascularisation in the fetus leads to necrosis of distal extremities. We believe this case supports extrinsic theory as it shows that as an amnion weakened by vEDS in fetal components is associated with ABS.
Patterns of Parenting Confidence Among Infants With Medical Complexity: A Mixed-Methods Analysis.

Background Parenting confidence is an important factor in fostering optimal health and development of infants with medical complexity. However, our understanding of how parents of medically complex infants describe development of confidence is limited. The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to describe the nature and development of parenting confidence. Methods A mixed-method design was used to examine how parents described their level of confidence. Ten parents of infants with medical complexity. Quantitative measures provided patterns of confidence and qualitative data focused on parent descriptions of confidence. Parents completed online surveys at 3 time points: (1) study enrollment, (2) infant discharge from hospital, and (3) 3 months after discharge. Parents were purposively sampled, using their confidence patterns, for qualitative phone interviews. Results Our analysis of quantitative findings revealed 3 confidence patterns: (1) increasing, (2) stable, and (3) varying. Parents described their confidence as either (1) a state of being confident or (2) how they behaved in the parenting role. Parents felt both certain and uncertain in their level of confidence and described confidence as being situationally dependent. Implications for practice Parenting confidence needs to be cultivated through encouragement and repeated exposure to parenting behaviors. Nurses are well-suited to help identify parents with low confidence to support parents so that they can develop confidence. Implications for research Because there is variability in parent confidence during this critical early period of life, future research should consider a larger cohort of parents that compares confidence in diverse parent groups (ie, married vs living together couples, same-sex couples, and single parents). Research should also examine effective strategies to promote confidence and associated long-term health and developmental outcomes.
Hate to Burst Your Balloon: Successful REBOA Use Takes More Than a Course

Background Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) is emerging as a viable intervention for hemorrhagic shock. Training surgeons to place the device is only part of the process. We hypothesize that implementation challenges extend beyond surgical skills training and initial REBOA use should not be expected to mirror published success. Methods All REBOA placements from January 2016 to February 2017 at a level 1 trauma center were reviewed for opportunities for improvement. From September 2016 to February 2017, all patients meeting highest trauma activation criteria were reviewed against our REBOA algorithm to identify patients meeting criteria for REBOA placement but not undergoing the procedure. Results REBOA was introduced at our institution in September 2015, with the first placement in January 2016. Trauma surgery, emergency department, and operating room staff underwent training. Nine patients had REBOA placed with six survivors. One patient underwent an unsuccessful REBOA attempt and died. Four patients had complications from REBOA. Eight additional patients met indications but did not undergo REBOA. Conclusions Successful REBOA use requires more than teaching surgeons indications and techniques. For a successful REBOA program, system factors must be addressed. System processes must ensure equipment and procedures are standardized and familiar to all involved. Complications should be expected.
Patient Perspective on Using Digital Resources to Address Unmet Needs in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

OBJECTIVE The clinical variability of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) caused by the unpredictability of flares contributes to patients experiencing a diminished sense of social support. Digital health interventions (DHIs) have the potential to improve patients' social support but have yet to be studied extensively in SLE. Our objective was to assess general and SLE-specific internet usage as well as specific suggestions for SLE-related digital resources and tools among patients with SLE at the Washington University Lupus Clinic. METHODS Fifty-six participants were recruited from the Washington University Lupus Clinic. Ten-minute structured interviews consisting of multiple choice and open-ended questions were conducted. A descriptive statistical analysis was conducted with the quantitative data, while the qualitative data were analyzed using an open coding approach. RESULTS Nearly all respondents indicated having access to the internet (98.2%). Eighty percent currently use the internet for their SLE. The qualitative data indicate that patients with SLE use the internet for understanding flares and changes in their symptoms and/or laboratory results, want an increased variety of SLE information online, have a desire to exchange personal experiences and knowledge of SLE with others, and desire increased diversity in the methods of delivering digital SLE information. CONCLUSION Our findings support the continued use of DHIs for patients with SLE. We believe that these findings will aid the future development of DHIs tailored to patients with SLE.
Improved Sleep Detection Through the Fusion of Phone Agent and Wearable Data Streams

Commercial grade activity trackers and phone agents are increasingly being deployed as sensors for sleep in large scale, longitudinal designs. In general, wearables detect sleep through diminished movement and decreased heart rate (HR), while phone agents look for lack of user input, movement, sound or light. However, recent literature suggests that commercial-grade wearables and phone apps vary greatly in the accuracy of sleep predictions. Constant innovation in wearables and proprietary algorithms further make it difficult to evaluate their efficacy for scientific study, especially outside of the laboratory. In a longitudinal study, we find that wearables cannot detect when a person is laying still but using their phones, a common behavior, overestimating sleep when compared to self-reports. Therefore, we propose that fusing wearables and phone sensors allows for more accurate sleep detection by capitalizing on the benefits of both streams: combining the movement detection of wearables with the technology usage detected by cell phones. We determine that fusing phone activity to wearables can generate better models of self-reported sleep than either stream alone, and test models in two separate datasets.