The Armenian massacre of 1895 in Bitlis Town

This article explores the Bitlis massacre of 1895 and its aftermath with a particular focus on the role of local actors and Ottoman state elite in shaping the unfolding of this event. Through an in-depth examination of archival documents, it emphasizes the importance of local networks and dynamics in shaping the developments on the ground. Exploring the differences in the approaches of local and central Ottoman officials and political elites towards the treatment of the initiators of the massacre, the article reveals that there were explicit disputes among Ottoman authorities which were seemingly resolved after the Sultan Abdulhamid II imposed his will and ensured total impunity for the local perpetrators. Abstract in Kurmanji Komkujiya Ermeniyan ya di sala 1895an ya li Bedlise. Ev gotar li ser se nuqsaniyen sereke ye vekolinen mewcud ye li ser Hizbilla hur dibe ku, ew rexistineke islami ye u di salen 90’i de li Tirkiye di fehliyete de bu: kemasiya dirokikirina bocuna Hizbilla u endamen we, kemasiya lefikirina li ser rehenda mekani ya belvabuna we u tunebuna vekolinen bingehin ye ku li ser wi tisti bisekine ku were fem kirin be ev rexistin di ware heremi de cawa dixebiti. Gotar buyeren li Farqina Amede qewimine wek minakeke digre u repertuara kiryaren Hizbilla, ye di bin siya dewlete de bun, lepirsin u analiz dike. We heta ci radeye li mekanen cuda, zora xwe dabu qebul kirin, hedefen we ci bun, u femkirina we ya cihane cawa bu? Ev xebat iddia dike ku ev tirbun u zedebuna siddeta PKK-Hizbilla te we wateye ku bi ve pevcune di diroka pevcunen di navebera Kurdan de seweyeke pevcune ya bi temami nu afiri. Abstract in Sorani Komellkuji ermeniyekani sarockey bitlis le salli 1895 Em witare sernic dexate ser se sinurdari sereki ke le twejinewekani esta leser hizbulla hen, ke rekxiraweki islamiye le deyey 1990 da le turkya calak bu: kemasi bedirok kirdni reckey hizbulla w endamekani; kemasi le lebercawgirtni rehendi cegeyi billawbunewey hizbulla we 'xiyabi twejineweyeki binerreti derbarey coniyeti karkirdni rekxiraweke le asti lokallida. Be lebercawgirtini keysi silvan, ke sarockeyeki bicuki parezgay diyarbekre, babeteke le kerestey karekani hizbulla leseberi dewlletda dekolletewe legell radey ew zoremilekirdney le swene ciyawazekanda encami dawe, amancekani we terrwanini bo cihan. Perraweke argumenti ewe dekat ke degutret tundrrewi u cirri tundutiji pekeke-hizbulla derbirrine bo derkewtini coreki tewaw niwey milmilaney nawxoy-kurd lenaw mejuy milmilaney durudireji nawxoyi kurdida. Abstract in Zazaki Qirkerdise Armeniyan e 1895i ye Saristane Bidlisi Na meqale girani dana hire kemasiyane bingeyenan ser ke no dem cigerayise derheqe Hizbullahi de, rexistineka Tirkiya ya islamiste ke serrane 1990an de fealiyet kerdene, este: kemibiyayise tarixkerdise raygehe Hizbullah u endamane ci, kemihesibnayise rehende cayi ye vilabiyayise ci u kembiyayise cigerayisane bibingeyan derheqe gureyayise ci ye heremi de. Bi nimuneye Silvani, saristaneke qezaya Diyarbekiri yo qij, na meqale repertuare Hizbullahi ye aksiyoni bine siya dewlete de, dereceya icbari ke Hizbullah cayane ciya-ciyayan de resto ci, hedefe Hizbullahi u fehmkerdise Hizbullahi ye dinya, inan ser o cigerayis u analiz kena. Nuste de munaqese beno ke zereye tarixe dergi ye lejane miyankurdkiyan de ekstremi u giraniya sidete PKK-Hizbullahi kerd ke tewireke leje miyankurdki yo nip-newe vejiyo meydan.