cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Notes on red oaks (Quercus sect. Lobatae) in eastern Mexico, with description of a new species, Quercus hirtifolia

Abstract Notes on red oaks (Quercus sect. Lobatae) in eastern Mexico, with description of a new species, Quercus hirtifolia. Brittonia 56: 136–142. 2004.—This article provides descriptions of Quercus hirtifolia, a new oak species endemic to eastern Mexico, and of Q. depressa, a species poorly characterized in the literature. Due to the morphological resemblance of Q. hirtifolia to Q. hintoniorum, Q. hypoxantha, Q. eduardii, Q. laurina, and Q. depressa, a dichotomous key for their identification is provided. Notes on red oaks (Quercus sect. Lobatae) in eastern Mexico, with description of a new species, Quercus hirtifolia. Brittonia 56: 136–142. 2004.—En este articulo se describe Quercus hirtifolia, una especie nueva de encino endemica al Este de Mexico, y Q. depressa, una especie que no ha sido descrita adecuadamente en la literatura. Debido a la similitud morfologica de Q. hirtifolia con Q. hintoniorum, Q. hypoxantha, Q. eduardii, Q. laurina y Q. depressa, se presenta una clave dicotomica para su identifi...
Realizations of Experimental Hydrocephalus Data Through the Analytical Model of Poroviscoelastic Brain Tissue

Despite recent advances in hydro-mechanical characterization of brain tissue [1], existing models remain inadequate due to complexities associated with the brain’s geometry and rheological properties [2] as well as limited knowledge on the mechanisms which control the CerebroSpinal Fluid (CSF) absorption or formation and their impact on the extracellular fluid content changes inside parenchyma [3].Copyright © 2012 by ASME
Magnetic Circuit Units

A proposition to introduce a change in the units of the magnetic circuit was made at the meeting of the International Electrotechnical Commission (I. E. C.) in Bellagio, September 1927. The proposition was referred to an international subcommittee for consideration and report, by the Advisory I. E. C. Committee on Nomenclature. The subcommittee has recently reported, recommending that the matter be placed on the agenda of the next I. E. C. meeting, and that in the meanwhile, the subject should be discussed in all the national committees, more especially in the various electrical engineering societies, so as to pave the way for well considered international action. This paper has been prepared in the hope of presenting the questions definitely, with a view to eliciting discussion and opinions that may be helpful from the international point of view. As an aid to the formulation of views on the subject among those who may not have given special attention to the-historical development of the magnetic-circuit units, a short outline of their history is here submitted.
Evaluation of TiTe2 as a Diffusion Barrier in the Synthesis of (Bi2Te3)5(SnTe)5 Misfit Layer Compound

The evolution of modulated reactants designed to form (Bi 2 Te 3 ) 5 (TiTe 2 ) 5 (SnTe) 5 (TiTe 2 ) 5 and (Bi 2 Te 3 ) 5 (SnTe) 5 are compared and contrasted. The modulated reactant designed to form (Bi 2 Te 3 ) 5 (SnTe) 5 interdiffused at 220°C forming SnBi2Te4 rather than the desired superlattice structure. The second sample was designed to have TiTe 2 as a potential diffusion barrier to prevent the formation of SnBi 2 Te 4 . This second sample remained layered after annealing at 220°C. SnTe crystals are observed in the high angle diffraction pattern after this annealing, but there is evidence for the beginning of SnBi2Te4 formation. Annealing this sample at 300°C results in the formation of SnBi2Te4. The interdiffusion of Sn and Bi appears to occur before the formation of the desired TiTe 2 structure.
Intravascular ultrasound assessment of novel antiatherosclerotic therapies: rationale and design of the Acyl-CoA:Cholesterol Acyltransferase Intravascular Atherosclerosis Treatment Evaluation (ACTIVATE) Study.

Background Inhibiting the enzyme acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) has beneficial effects on foam cell formation and therefore has the potential to favorably influence the progression of coronary atherosclerosis. The aim of this study is to determine whether ACAT inhibition, when added to usual medical care, reduces atheroma progression in subjects with coronary artery disease. Methods Five hundred thirty-four subjects with established coronary artery disease on angiography were randomized to receive the experimental ACAT inhibitor, pactimibe, 100 mg daily or matching placebo for 18 months. The primary efficacy parameter will be the nominal change in percent atheroma volume determined by analysis of pullback intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) images of matched coronary artery segments acquired at baseline and 18-month follow-up. In addition, the effect of pactimibe on plasma lipids and inflammatory markers and the incidence of clinical cardiovascular events will also be assessed. Conclusion Serial IVUS has emerged as a sensitive imaging modality to assess the impact that novel antiatherosclerotic strategies have on the arterial wall. In this study, IVUS will be used to assess whether ACAT inhibition modifies progression of atherosclerotic plaque.
Neuroimaging Studies of Attention: From Modulation of Sensory Processing to Top-Down Control

What we perceive depends critically on where we direct our attention. For example, attention to a location dramatically improves the accuracy and speed of detecting a target at that location. Attention has been shown not only to increase perceptual sensitivity for target discrimination but also to
Sex-Linked Carrying Styles and the Attribution of Homosexuality

We used pairs of slides showing 3 women and 3 men displaying 2 sex-linked carrying styles to examine differences in the attribution of homosexuality as a consequence of behavioral displays that are either sex typical or sex atypical. We hypothesized that the participants would be less likely to view targets displaying sex-typical behaviors as gay men or as lesbians. Each of 2 groups of U.S. university students rated targets in 6 slides on homosexuality and 3 other traits. The mean difference in rated homosexuality for typical versus atypical carrying styles was small but statistically significant. Thus, the results provide some empirical support for the common belief that effeminate men and masculine women are more likely to be seen as homosexual, at least by U.S. university students.
Influence of genetic resistance of the chicken and virulence of Marek's disease virus (MDV) on nitric oxide responses after MDV infection.

SUMMARY. Nitric oxide (NO), a free radical produced by the enzyme NO synthase (NOS), is a potent antiviral agent in addition to having immune regulating functions. Recently, it was reported that chickens resistant (N2a, MHC: B21B21) to the development of Marek's disease (MD) had a greater potential to produce NO than MD-susceptible chickens (P2a, MHC: B19B19). This difference was shown by measuring NO levels in chick embryo fibroblast cultures obtained from these chickens after treatment with lipopolysaccharide and recombinant chicken interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). To extend these results, the levels of NO in blood plasma from N2a and P2a chickens inoculated with the nonattenuated JM-16 strain of MD virus (MDV) were examined. In four out of five experiments, N2a chickens had increased NO levels at 7 days postinoculation (DPI). In contrast, P2a chickens challenged with JM-16 had a significant increase in NO in only one of four experiments, and in that experiment the increase was delayed (10 DPI) compared with N...
SSDI Reform: Promoting Gainful Employment While Preserving Economic Security

The Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program faces imminent insolvency. Annual expenditures totaled $143 billion in 2013, but program receipts amounted to $111 billion — a shortfall that is projected to continue indefinitely. According to the Social Security Trustees, the program’s trust fund will be fully depleted in 2016, compelling either a large benefit cut or a large tax hike — neither option being politically popular.Regardless of the program’s insolvency, SSDI creates substantial work disincentives, causing many with medical impairments who could work to withdraw from the labor force and apply for SSDI. That undesirable outcome arises from the complicated rules and procedures that SSDI uses to establish benefit eligibility. But rectifying SSDI’s processes is a monumental task, unlikely to be accomplished in the short term.Determining whether medical impairments imply inability to work is becoming more difficult in a growing number of cases, with the result that many applicants with residual capacities are admitted to SSDI. Many beneficiaries express a desire to return to work but fear of losing benefits and health coverage under SSDI’s current benefit rules impedes such a decision. Accordingly, this paper advocates a change in the structure of SSDI’s benefit payments to those admitted to the program. Shifting benefits at the margin toward paying beneficiaries to work rather than to remain out of the work force would encourage beneficiaries with residual work capacities to return to work. That shift would serve as a backstop to reduce the economic loss from wrongful allowances of applicants into SSDI. Such a switch in benefit design can be accomplished without compromising benefit eligibility for those who cannot work. The paper explains how to implement such a change to SSDI’s benefit structure and the advantages that would accrue from it. Apart from creating better incentives to work, the proposed reform complements other reforms Congress might adopt.
Valproic acid induces manifestations of simultaneous dopamine enhancement and reduction in schizophrenia.

Valproic Acid Induces Manifestations of Simultaneous Dopamine Enhancement and Reduction in Schizophrenia
Natural Disaster Response, Community Resilience, and Economic Capacity: A Case Study of Coastal Florida

ABSTRACTThe strength and resiliency of regional economic and social structure play an important role in responding to and recovering from natural disasters. In this research, we address the economic resilience of coastal regions to natural disasters using county-level panel data. Results suggest that regions with stronger economies before the disaster experienced lower disaster losses. Thus, strengthening economic conditions before disasters strike can help minimize a region’s vulnerability to future damage. Further, existing socioeconomic conditions and social capital attributes improved local resiliency as long as exogenous baseline assumptions were well managed or maintained after a natural disaster. Policy implications of these findings are that increasing the adaptive capacity of counties should result in achieving wider societal goals that support resilient coastal development.
An Analysis on the Possibility of Using Rotatory Shot-put for Chinese Men Shot-Putters

This paper makes a research into the possibility of using rotatory shot-put for Chinese men shot-putters.On the basis of literature reviews,video analysis,as well as theoretical analysis.And the conclusion is that the adaptation of rotatory shot-put can make up for the shortcoming of Chinese athletes in height,weight,strength and so on.Meanwhile,it can help the athletes to improve their performance by taking advantages of coordination,flexibility and fastspeed.
Xyloglucan glucosyltransferase in Golgi membranes from Pisum sativum (pea)

Cell membranes from etiolated Pisum sativum (pea) tissues were separated by ultracentrifugation on linear sucrose density gradients and assayed for membrane marker and glycosyltransferase activity. Membrane fractions were shown to incorporate glucose from UDP-D-[14C]glucose into polysaccharides with glycosyl linkages consistent with synthesis of xyloglucan. A combined assay using g.c., radiogas proportional counting and m.s. was employed to determine the identities of 14C-labelled glycosyl residues and the glycosyl linkages between them. In glucan synthase I assays, membrane fractions enriched for Golgi membranes showed 14C incorporation into 4- and 4,6-glucose residues, with minor incorporation into 3-glucose residues. In glucan synthase II assays, all 14C incorporation was into 3- and 3,4-glucose. There was a shift in glycosyl linkage of 14C incorporation from predominantly 4-glucose at low UDP-glucose concentration to predominantly 3- and 3,4-glucose at high UDP-glucose concentrations. Mn2+ stimulated incorporation of radioactivity into 4,6-glucose residues characteristic of xyloglucan polysaccharides. Addition of exogenous UDP-xylose to assay mixtures stimulated incorporation into 4,6-glucose, with a maximum at 15 microM UDP-xylose.
Things We Own Together: Sharing Possessions at Home

Sharing is an important facet of human relationships, yet there is a lack of research on how people share ownership of possessions. This paper reports on a study that investi-gates shared ownership of physical and digital possessions through interviews with couples and families in 13 house-holds. We offer a more nuanced definition of shared owner-ship and show that certain practices, which are central to sharing physical objects, are not supported in the sharing of digital content. We suggest potential approaches to address this, focusing in particular on how the sharing of posses-sions plays a role in the building of relationships and is done against a backdrop of trust.
Consistency of trematode infection prevalence in host populations across large spatial and temporal scales

Parasites can impart heavy fitness costs on their hosts. Thus, understanding the spatial and temporal consistency in parasite pressure can elucidate the likeliness of parasites' role as agents of directional selection, as well as revealing variable environmental factors associated with infection risk. We examined spatiotemporal variation in digenetic trematode infection in 18 populations of an intertidal host snail (Littorina littorea) over a 300 km range at an 11-yr interval, more than double the generation time of the snail. Despite a complete turnover in the snail host population, the average change in infection prevalence among populations was <1% over the 11-yr span, and all but three populations remained within 5 percentage points. This consistency of prevalence in each population over time suggests remarkable spatiotemporal constancy in parasite delivery vectors in this system, notably gulls that serve as definitive hosts for the parasites. Thus, despite gulls' high mobility, their habitat usage patterns are ostensibly relatively fixed in space. Importantly, this spatiotemporal consistency also implies that sites where parasites are recruitment limited remain so over time, and likewise, that parasite hotspots stay hot.
MO-A-209-00: Financial Perspectives On Scientific Publishing

Scientific publishing is a major endeavor of the AAPM. Although publishing requires substantial resources, it has the potential to generate both reputation and revenue to further the missions of our society. The AAPM owns and publishes two journals: Medical Physics and the Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics (JACMP). Medical Physics, with the tagline “The international journal of medical physics research and practice,” publishes research concerned with the application of physics and mathematics to the solution of problems in medicine and human biology, with an emphasis on theoretical and experimental approaches. The JACMP is an applied journal that publishes papers designed to help clinical medical physicists perform their responsibilities more effectively and efficiently for the greater benefit of patients. The two journals reflect two different missions, reach two different (yet often overlapping) audiences, engage two different publication approaches, and operate under two different financial models. A journal must serve both “producers” (authors who submit manuscripts to – and ultimately have their work published in – the journal) and “consumers” (readers – either individuals who access journal content or subscribing institutions that make the journal's content available to its members). Any viable publication model and cost-recovery structure must satisfy the interests of both groups without sacrificing the needs of the scientific community. The purpose of this symposium is to explore the roles of the AAPM's two journals in advancing the scientific and clinical missions of the society and to understand the complex interplay of economic factors that impact financial decisions governing the journals and the returns they bring to the AAPM. Learning Objectives: 1.Appreciate the complementary roles of Medical Physics and JACMP in advancing the scientific and clinical missions of the AAPM. 2.Understand AAPM resources committed to the two journals and the return on these investments. 3.Understand the role of the AAPM's Journals Business Management Committee in the financial stability of the two journals. 4.Explore the potential benefits and pitfalls of various economic and publication models for the two journals. J. Bourland, Member, Journals Business Management Committee, AAPM.
SU-F-R-07: Radiomics of CT Features and Associations and Correlation with Outcomes Following Lung SBRT

Objective: To investigate the prognostic significance of image gradients and in predicting clinical outcomes in a patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) on 71 patients with 83 treated lesions. Methods: The records of patients treated with lung SBRT were retrospectively reviewed. When applicable, SBRT target volumes were modified to exclude any overlap with pleura, chestwall, or mediastinum. The ITK software package was utilized to generate quantitative measures of image intensity, inhomogeneity, shape morphology and first and second-order CT textures. Multivariate and univariate models containing CT features were generated to assess associations with clinicopathologic factors. Results: On univariate analysis, tumor size (HR 0.54, p=0.045) sumHU (HR 0.31, p=0.044) and short run grey level emphasis STD (HR 0.22, p=0.019) were associated with regional failure-free survival; meanHU (HR 0.30, p=0.035), long run emphasis (HR 0.21, p=0.011) and long run low grey level emphasis (HR 0.14, p=0.005) was associated with distant failure-free survival (DFFS). No features were significant on multivariate modeling however long run low grey level emphasis had a hazard ratio of 0.12 (p=0.061) for DFFS. Adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma differed with respect to long run emphasis STD (p=0.024), short run low grey level emphasis STD (p<0.001), and long run low grey level emphasis STD (p=0.024). Multivariate modeling of texture features associated with tumor histology was used to estimate histologies of 18 lesions treated without histologic confirmation. Of these, MVA suggested the same histology as a prior metachronous lung malignancy in 3/7 patients. Conclusion: Extracting radiomics features on clinical datasets was feasible with the ITK package with minimal effort to identify pre-treatment quantitative CT features with prognostic factors for distant control after lung SBRT.
Diversity and Equity in the Distribution of Teachers With Special Education Credentials: Trends From California

The shortage of special education teachers (SETs) is a persistent challenge in the United States, but less is known about two other important issues that affect students with disabilities: racial d...
TEMPORARY REMOVAL: Rocuronium Should be the Default Paralytic in Rapid Sequence Intubation

The publisher regrets that this article has been temporarily removed. It was mistakenly published prior to its accompanying article. A replacement will appear as soon as possible. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal .
Cerebral Aerobic Index and Oxygen/Glucose Ratio in Acute Brain Injury

We have previously found a strong association between global cerebral luxury perfusion (hyperemia) and intracranial hypertension, in severe acute brain trauma [7]. In the same work, we found an excellent inverse relationship between mean regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) values and the arterio-jugular oxygen content difference (AJDO2), so that decreased AJDO2 values were consistent with global cerebral hyperperfusion relative to oxygen consumption (CMRO2), and vice versa. We therefore adopted and proposed clinical monitoring of the arteriojugular oxygen difference for both intermittent and continuous assessment [1–5]. The present work was aimed at investigating the relationship between global cerebral glucose and oxygen extraction in severe acute brain trauma, as a means of assessing a possible etiological basis for cerebral anaerobic metabolism, and its association with cerebral luxury perfusion and related intracranial hypertension.
Iterative Live Case Projects

Classroom methods that facilitate student learning from iteration have received little attention from scholars. Iterative learning requires students to repeat a problem-solving task in new contexts...
Atrial Natriuretic Factor in Animal Models for Hypertension

the discovery of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) has generated great interest in the field of hypertension. The important questions with regard to hypertension are 1) does a deficiency in ANF secretion or ANF responsiveness function in the pathogenesis of hypertension and 2) does ANF lower blood pressure in the hypertensive state. These questions are reviewed in animal models for hypertension.
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE MECHANISM OF ACTION OF MORPHINE ANTINOCICEPTION IN MICE AND RATS

Although spinalization reduces the antinociceptive action of morphine as measured by the tail-flick test in mice and rats only the humoral component of the spinal cord is essential in mice and the neural component predominates in rats. Forebrain structures are essential for this action in mice but not in rats.
Isolation of Purified Membranes and Membranous Cell Components for Receptor Studies

Subcellular fractionation of cells and tissues provides an important source of biochemical information concerning the structure, identification, characterization, biosynthesis, turnover and function of membrane-located receptors. Procedures are described that yield purified preparations of Golgi apparatus (G.a.), endoplasmic reticulum (e.r.J, plasma membrane (p.m.), mitochondria and nuclei from liver tissue; advantageously, the procedures can be carried out in a few hours using normal laboratory equipment.
Variability in sediment-water carbonate chemistry and bivalve abundance after bivalve settlement in Long Island Sound, Milford, Connecticut.

Abstract Cues that drive bivalve settlement and abundance in sediments are not well understood, but recent reports suggest that sediment carbonate chemistry may influence bivalve abundance. In 2013, we conducted field experiments to assess the relationship between porewater sediment carbonate chemistry (pH, alkalinity (At), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC)), grain size, and bivalve abundance throughout the July–September settlement period at two sites in Long Island Sound (LIS), CT. Two dominate bivalves species were present during the study period Mya arenaria and Nucula spp. Akaike's linear information criterion models, indicated 29% of the total community abundance was predicted by grain size, salinity, and pH. When using 2 weeks of data during the period of peak bivalve settlement, pH and phosphate concentrations accounted 44% of total bivalve community composition and 71% of Nucula spp. abundance with pH, phosphate, and silica. These results suggest that sediment carbonate chemistry may influence bivalve abundance in LIS.
The messenger matters: Relative influence of oncologists versus other care team members on advanced cancer patients' illness understanding.

6545Background: In 2016 Medicare began reimbursing clinicians for engaging in all end-of-life discussions. Communicating with patients about the status and progression of their disease is a vital c...
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center's Compendium of Recent Total Ionizing Dose and Displacement Damage Dose Results

Total ionizing dose and displacement damage testing were performed to characterize and determine the suitability of candidate electronics for NASA space utilization. Devices tested include optoelectronics, digital, analog, linear bipolar devices, and hybrid devices.
Modeling the impact of R packages using dependency and contributor networks

This paper aims to identify the factors that affect the impact of Open Source Software (OSS), measured by number of downloads and citations, with a case study of R packages. We generate the dependency and contributor networks of the packages using data collected from Depsy.org, and develop statistical models that use the network characteristics, as well as author and package attributes. We find that there are common network and package attributes that are important in determining both the number of downloads and citations of a package, including degree, closeness and betweenness centralities, as well as package attributes such as number of authors and number of commits.
“Countrefete Cheere”: Kitsch, Taste, and The Prioress’s Tale

ABSTRACTWith her particular and prim manners, extreme sentimentality, religious fanaticism, and highly stylized poetics, Chaucer’s Prioress exemplifies many of the aesthetic, ideological, and contextual ambivalences of kitsch. In this article, I enable the critical language of kitsch from theorist Theodor W. Adorno’s Aesthetic Theory (published in 1970) and the paradox presented in the Nazis’ “Anti-Kitsch Law” to present a new framework for understanding the complexities of Chaucer’s The Prioress’s Tale. Kitsch, I argue, disrupts rather than sustains the text’s aesthetic appeal to religious sensibility and communal affirmation. In the process, the Tale raises aesthetic and ethical questions regarding the ideology of forms that aestheticize or “harmonize” ugliness, especially death.
Effective Tools for Supporting Struggling Teachers

When a district hires a teacher, the district has a responsibility to provide resources, dialogue, professional learning opportunities, and peer support to ensure that the teacher will be fully prepared to engage and inspire students in the classroom (Liesveld, 2005). When a teacher’s struggles are not related to instruction in the classroom, but are more about unacceptable behavior, the principal or supervisor might need to consider a level of corrective action that will help the teacher be successful both in and out of the classroom. Both new and experienced teachers need the tools to create engaging lessons, a grasp of the best teaching strategies common to all successful teachers, and the ability to understand what separates good teacher conduct from bad (Robinson, 2009). In this paper, we explore some practical tools designed to aid administrators as they manage and support teachers navigating the 21st century classroom.
Towards magnetic alumina: uncovering the roles of transition metal doping and electron hybridization in spin delocalization

Judicious doping of normally diamagnetic alumina (Al2O3) could lead to bulk magnetism that would enable the usage of cutting edge technology, such as magnetoforming, to create advanced systems that take advantage of the high chemical and physical resilience of alumina. This study builds upon initial results (Nykwest et al 2018 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 30 395801) which have shown that alumina doped with magnetic elements such as Fe and Ni should exhibit heightened magnetic activity. Here we expand the analysis to several additional transition metals that are otherwise non-magnetic (Sc, Ti, V, Mn, and Co) and use density functional theory to understand the origin of the spin delocalization, as well as to predict the structural, electronic, energetic, and magnetic properties of doped [Formula: see text]-alumina. The results indicate that adding small concentrations of such elements to [Formula: see text]-alumina may increase magnetic activity by generating coordination environments with magnetic moments. Our findings show conclusively that significant spin delocalization can only occur when there are unpaired electrons in the transition metal e g states.
Common carpetgrass (Axonopus fissifolius) control with POST herbicides

Reductions in MSMA use for weed control in turfgrass systems may have led to increased common carpetgrass infestations. The objective of our research was to identify alternative POST herbicides for control of common carpetgrass using field and controlled-environment experiments. Field applications of MSMA (2.2 kg ai ha−1) and thiencarbazone + iodosulfuron + dicamba (TID) (0.171 kg ai ha−1) resulted in the greatest common carpetgrass control 8 wk after initial treatment (WAIT): 94% and 91%, respectively. Thiencarbazone + foramsulfuron + halosulfuron (TFH) (0.127 kg ai ha−1) applied in the field resulted in 77% control 8 WAIT, whereas all other treatments were ≤19% effective at 8 WAIT. All treatments resulted in greater common carpetgrass control when applied in the greenhouse. Applications of MSMA, TFH, and TID resulted in the highest common carpetgrass control in the greenhouse 8 WAIT: 94%, 94%, and 91%, respectively. Control with nicosulfuron (0.035 kg ai ha−1) and trifloxysulfuron (0.028 kg ai ha−1) (81% and 75%, respectively) was greater in the greenhouse than observed in the field 8 WAIT. Sequential applications of foramsulfuron (0.058 kg ai ha−1) resulted in only ≤11% common carpetgrass control 8 WAIT, regardless of application site. All herbicide treatments in the greenhouse resulted in reduced aboveground common carpetgrass biomass 8 WAIT compared to the nontreated control (12.9 g). Aboveground biomasses of common carpetgrass in response to MSMA, TID, TFH, nicosulfuron, and trifloxysulfuron were 1.6 to 2.1 g, regardless of treatment. Reduced efficacy of foramsulfuron was reflected in greater biomass (4.7 g) in response to treatments. Thiencarbazone + iodosulfuron + dicamba may be an alternative to MSMA for common carpetgrass control; however, long-term assessment may be warranted to evaluate treatment effectiveness. Further investigation into application timing may be necessary to enhance the efficacy of TFH for the control of common carpetgrass.
Neck Deformities in Plastic Surgery

This article provides facial plastic surgeons with the insight to avoid and address common pitfalls in neck procedures. Many aesthetic issues are created from overtreatment or undertreatment of components of the neck. Using the platysma muscle as the divide, ease of access to superficial anatomy leads to overtreatment problems, whereas difficulty of access to deeper structures leads to undertreatment problems and to overall imbalances. Strategies to accurately assess and treat all structures of the neck proportionally can be used to both avoid and treat any neck aesthetic issues. The advent of minimally invasive techniques has resulted in new complications.
Association between extent of resection on survival in adult brainstem high-grade glioma patients.

Brainstem high-grade gliomas (HGG) are rare lesions with aggressive behavior that pose significant treatment challenges. The operative use of brainstem safe entry zones has made such lesions surgically accessible, though the benefits of aggressive resection have been unclear. This study aimed to clarify the survival in adult patients. We utilized the SEER database (1973–2015) to analyze the association between survival and demographic data, tumor characteristics, and treatment factors in adult patients with brainstem HGGs. Patients without surgical intervention were excluded. Overall survival (OS) was analyzed using univariable and multivariable Cox regression. Our dataset included a total of 502 brainstem HGG patients of which only those who had undergone surgical intervention were included in the analysis, totaling 103. Mean age was 42.4 ± 14.1 years with 57.2% (n = 59) male. Median OS of the entire cohort was 11.0 months. Median OS for patients receiving biopsy, subtotal resection, and gross total resection were 8, 11, and 16 months, respectively. Age, extent of resection, and radiation therapy were selected into the multivariable model. A significant decrease in survival was seen in older patients, 50–60 years (HR = 2.77, p = 0.002) and ≥ 60 years (HR = 5.30, p < 0.001), compared to younger patients (18–30 years). Partial resection (HR = 0.32, p = 0.006) and GTR (HR = 0.24, p < 0.001) sustained survival benefits compared to patients with biopsy only. Patients receiving postoperative radiation demonstrated no survival benefit (HR = 1.57, p = 0.161) in multivariable regression. While survival of brainstem HGG patients remains poor, for surgically accessible HGGs, STR and GTR were associated with a three and fourfold increase in overall survival when compared to biopsy only.
Mechanochemical insertion of cobalt into porphyrinoids using Co2(CO)8 as a cobalt source

Cobalt porphyrinoids find broad use as catalysts or electrode materials. Traditional solution state cobalt insertion reactions into a free base porphyrinoid to generate the corresponding cobalt complex generally require fairly harsh conditions, involving the heating of the reactants in high-boiling solvents for extended period of times. We report here an alternative method of cobalt insertion: A solvent-free (at least for the insertion step) mechanochemical method using a planetary ball mill with Co2(CO)8 as a cobalt source. The scope and limits of the reaction were investigated with respect to the porphyrinic substrate susceptible to the reaction conditions, the influences of different grinding aids, and bases added. While the mechanochemical method is, like other metal insertion methods into porphyrinoids, not universally suitable for all substrates tested, it is faster, milder, and greener for several others, when compared to established solution-based methods.
Design of a New Stress Wave Communication Method for Underwater Communication

Underwater communication is crucial for subsea engineering. Currently, although a variety of available technologies are available for underwater communication, almost all of them are highly dependent on the conditions of the subsea environment. Hence, underwater communication is still a challenging issue. This article develops a new stress wave communication method that can be implemented along steel pipes for underwater data transmission. In this article, we analyze stress wave propagation along pipelines, and the corresponding channel response shows the features of dispersion and frequency selectivity. Thus, a suitable carrier frequency is then selected and binary phase-shift keying is applied to encode information into the carrier stress wave. The proposed single-input-single-output communication system is implemented on a steel pipe and experiments are conducted both when in air and seawater. Results demonstrate the validity and stability of the proposed method. The communication data rate of the method can reach 1000 b/s with a low bit error rate. The proposed method shows great promise for enabling underwater communication with lower loss and longer range than conventional underwater communication methods.
A Meta-Analysis of Wolbachia Transcriptomics Reveals a Stage-Specific Wolbachia Transcriptional Response Shared Across Different Hosts

Wolbachia is a genus containing obligate, intracellular endosymbionts with arthropod and nematode hosts. Numerous studies have identified differentially expressed transcripts in Wolbachia endosymbionts that potentially inform the biological interplay between these endosymbionts and their hosts, albeit with discordant results. Here, we re-analyze previously published Wolbachia RNA-Seq transcriptomics data sets using a single workflow consisting of the most up-to-date algorithms and techniques, with the aim of identifying trends or patterns in the pan-Wolbachia transcriptional response. We find that data from one of the early studies in filarial nematodes did not allow for robust conclusions about Wolbachia differential expression with these methods, suggesting the original interpretations should be reconsidered. Across datasets analyzed with this unified workflow, there is a general lack of global gene regulation with the exception of a weak transcriptional response resulting in the upregulation of ribosomal proteins in early larval stages. This weak response is observed across diverse Wolbachia strains from both nematode and insect hosts suggesting a potential pan-Wolbachia transcriptional response during host development that diverged more than 700 million years ago.
Creating a Data Science Framework: A Model for Academic Research Libraries

The University Libraries participated in a pan-campus planning exercise to determine the feasibility of a comprehensive data science (DS) initiative. In addition, Library Leadership set forth a cha...
Derivation and Validation of a Predictive Algorithm for Long-Term Care Admission or Death.

Abstract Objectives Older veterans prefer to remain in their homes and communities as long as possible. Although targeted delivery of home- and community-based services for veterans might delay long-term care placement, often, access to these services is inconsistently organized or delayed. To aid in early recognition of veterans at high risk for long-term care placement or death, we developed and validated a predictive algorithm, “Choose Home.” Design A retrospective observational cohort analysis was used. Setting and Participants Two cohorts of Veterans Health Administration (VHA; a large integrated health care system) users were assembled: Derivation (4.6 million) and Confirmation (4.7 million). The Derivation Cohort included Veterans Administration users from fiscal year 2013; the Confirmation Cohort included Veterans Administration users from fiscal year 2014. Methods A total of 148 predictor variables, including demographics, comorbidities, and utilizations were selected using logistic regression to predict placement in a long-term care facility for >90 days or death within 2 years. Results Veterans were predominantly male [92.8% (Derivation), 92.5% (Confirmation)] and older [61.7±15.5 (Derivation), 61.5±15.6 years (Confirmation)], with a high prevalence of comorbid conditions. Between the Derivation and Confirmation Cohorts, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves were found to be 0.80 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.799, 0.802] and 0.80 (95% CI 0.800, 0.802), respectively, indicating good discrimination for determining at-risk veterans. Conclusions and Implications We created a predictive algorithm that identifies veterans at highest risk for long-term institutionalization or death. This algorithm provides clinicians with information that can proactively inform clinical decision making and care coordination. This study provides the groundwork for future investigations on how home- and community-based services can target older adults at highest risk to extend time in their communities.
Program Evaluation of My Life, My Story: Virtual Storytelling in the COVID-19 Age.

COVID-19 negatively affected older adults’ well-being and quality of life, particularly individuals with dementia. My Life, My Story (MLMS) was developed at Veterans Health Administration as an opp...
Why Is Darkness an Essential Feature for Melanoma Recognition

Most conditions and diseases have one or more features that are essential for recognizing the most common presentations of the disease. Melanoma is a cancer of pigment-producing cells, and the term "melanoma" is derived from the Greek term for "dark tumor." Many, if not most, descriptions of melanomas include their being in general dark brown or black; however, the most utilized set of criteria for melanoma education, the ABCDE (asymmetry, border irregularity, color variation, diameter > 6mm, evolving) criteria, omits darkness as even one of the five emphasized features. A growing number of current approaches to melanoma recognition have addressed this need. In 2019, the Skin Cancer Foundation, for example, added that the "D" in the ABCDE mnemonic represents not just "Diameter" but also "Dark" (https://www.skincancer.org/skin-cancer-information/melanoma/melanoma-warning-signs-and-images/ Accessed April 5, 2020). The Georgia approach, for which this author advocates, includes an increase in emphasis on a screening look, with dark, different, and changing as screening features, as well as a "D" for "Dark" change in the ABCDE criteria.1 Given the number of new strategies for melanoma education being developed, it is a particularly appropriate time to review the logic and rationale of why darkness is an essential feature for recognition of melanoma.
The Impact Imperative: Laser Ablation for Deflecting Asteroids, Meteoroids, and Comets from Impacting the Earth

Impacting at hypervelocity, an asteroid struck the Earth approximately 65 million years ago in the Yucatan Peninsula area. This triggered the extinction of almost 70% of the species of life on Earth including the dinosaurs. Other impacts prior to this one have caused even greater extinctions. Preventing collisions with the Earth by hypervelocity asteroids, meteoroids, and comets is the most important immediate space challenge facing human civilization. This is the Impact Imperative. We now believe that while there are about 2000 earth orbit crossing rocks greater than 1 kilometer in diameter, there may be as many as 200,000 or more objects in the 100 m size range. Can anything be done about this fundamental existence question facing our civilization? The answer is a resounding yes! By using an intelligent combination of Earth and space based sensors coupled with an infra‐structure of high‐energy laser stations and other secondary mitigation options, we can deflect inbound asteroids, meteoroids, and comets...
Decomposing Audience Costs: Bringing the Audience Back into Audience Cost Theory

According to a growing tradition in International Relations, one way governments can credibly signal their intentions in foreign policy crises is by creating domestic audience costs: leaders can tie their hands by publicly threatening to use force since domestic publics punish leaders who say one thing and do another. We argue here that there are actually two logics of audience costs: audiences can punish leaders both for being inconsistent (the traditional audience cost), and for threatening to use force in the first place (a belligerence cost). We employ an experiment that disentangles these two rationales, and turn to a series of dispositional characteristics from political psychology to bring the audience into audience cost theory. Our results suggest that traditional audience cost experiments may overestimate how much people care about inconsistency, and that the logic of audience costs (and the implications for crisis bargaining) varies considerably with the leader's constituency.
A Forest Fire Theory of the Duration of a Boom and the Size of a Subsequent Bust

We show that a class of models of matching from firms' perspectives (that nest most standard search models) necessarily exhibit specific dynamic patterns of employment. Despite the prevalent use of models within this class, these patterns have not been noted before. Focusing on labor search as a leading example, in presence of search frictions, firms prefer to hire low productivity workers in high-demand states to take advantage of current profit opportunities. This implies that bad matches accumulate during expansions, leading to drops in employment, and other inputs, that are positively related to the length of the expansion when a negative shock eventually hits: the longer since the last contraction, the larger the absolute and percentage drop in the employment of labor and capital inputs.We also show that this phenomenon is present in observed dynamics, using US micro-data. We find that five additional years of expansion lead to an additional drop of thirty percent in employment growth at the onset of a downturn.
One- and Two-Electron Resonances in Molecular Photoionization

Significant progress has been made in recent years in the ability to compute accurate electron-molecule scattering wave functions and the corresponding observables such as scattering and photoionization cross sections. It is now possible to consider the electron-molecule scattering problem using correlated targets with an accurate treatment of the wave function representing the scattered electron. In particular we can now compute molecular photoionization cross sections where the target electrons are described by thousands of configuration state functions (CSFs) and the continuum is accurately described on a numerical grid.1
Predictive Value of Brachial Flow-Mediated Dilation for Incident Cardiovascular Events in Population Based Adults Free of Cardiovascular Disease at Baseline: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Although brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) has been shown to predict recurrent cardiovascular (CV) events, its predictive value for initial CV events in low CV risk or healthy adults is not well studied. We assessed the predictive value of FMD for incident CV events in the Multi - Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Brachial FMD was measured in 3027 out of 6814 subjects with mean(±SD) age 61.2 ± 9.9 years, participating in the MESA study, a population based cohort study of adults free of clinical CV disease at baseline recruited at six clinic sites in the USA. The cohort consisted of 50.2% females, 34.3% Caucasian, 19.7% Chinese, 20.8% African Americans and 25.1% Hispanics. Probability weighted Cox proportional hazard analysis was used to examine the association between FMD and five years of adjudicated incident CV events including myocardial infarction, resuscitated cardiac arrest, definite angina, probable angina (if followed by revasc), stroke, stroke death, CHD death, peripheral vascular disease and revascularization (CABG, PTCA or other revasc). Mean (SD) FMD was 4.4( 2.8)%. One hundred and ninety-eight (6.5%) of the subjects had an adjudicated CV event during the follow-up period. In the univariate probability weighted Cox Proportional hazard analysis FMD (%) was a significant predictor of CV events [hazard ratio per 1% increment; 0.86(95% CI, 0.80 – 0.92), p
Genetic variation in IncI1-co1Ib plasmids

Nucleotide sequences of portions of three plasmid genes (cib, cir, and abi) present in IncI1-Co1Ib colicin plasmids obtained from strains of Salmonella typhimurium isolated in either 1974 (Barker strains) or between 1935 and 1941 (Murray strains) were examined along with sequences of the chromosomal gene for 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (gnd). Our principal findings were: (1) The plasmid genes were virtually identical to those in IncI1-CoIIb plasmids from E. coli, suggesting that Salmonella and E. coli share overlapping pools of these plasmids. (2) The plasmid genes were much less polymorphic than gnd or any other known chromosomal gene from Salmonella, further suggesting horizontal transfer with rapid transmission and turnover. (3) No characteristic differences were found in either the plasmid genes or the chromosomal gene between the 1974 isolates and the Murray strains, indicating that these plasmids have been stable for at least several decades. (4) There was an excess of amino-acid replacement polymorphisms, relative to synonymous polymorphisms, in the plasmid genes, which is consistent with the hypothesis of diversifying selection among colicin-producing plasmid families. (5) The abi (abortive infection) gene present in each of the plasmids contained two single-nucleotide insertions relative to the published sequence. These result in a putative abi protein of 114 amino acids instead of 89.
Illicit Worlds of Indian Dance. Cultures of Exclusion, by Anna Morcom

Anna Morcom sets out to describe the present and trace the past of virtually every type of Indian dance that is not classified today as classical. She defines all these performers as erotic dancers...