cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Bone Marrow-Derived Aldehyde Dehdrogenase Expressing Cells Possess Endothelial Progenitor Function in Addition to Hematopoietic Repopulating Ability and Aid in Blood Flow Recovery after Acute Ischemic Injury.

Human bone marrow (BM) is a heterogeneous compartment of stem and progenitor cells from hematopoietic, endothelial, and mesenchymal lineages. These cell types may be recruited to sites of new blood vessel formation including ischemic tissues and tumor microenvironments. Prospective isolation of cells with neoangiogenic function has proven difficult due to the lack of surface markers specific to endothelial precursors. We have previously characterized a novel population of reconstituting hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from human umbilical cord blood by selection of cells with high aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) enzyme activity (Hess, Blood 2004). In the current study, we isolated ALDHhi and ALDHlo cells with low side scatter properties from human BM, and assayed for hematopoietic and angiogenic function. The ALDHhi subset represented 0.8±0.2% of total nucleated BM cells whereas ALDHlo cells were 10-fold more abundant (8.2±1.3%, n=5). ALDHhi cells highly expressed cell surface molecules associated with hematopoietic (89.1±1.3% CD45+, 70.5±7.5% CD117+) and endothelial progenitor function (76.5±1.8 CD34+, 72.0±7.6% CD133+). ALDHhi cells also expressed mature macrophage/monocyte markers (24.2±3.9% CD11b+), whereas mature lymphocyte markers (3.5±0.5% CD3+, 5.1±0.3% CD19+), and mature endothelial cell markers (2.6±0.8% VEGFR2+) were rare. The corresponding ALDHlo population demonstrated a significantly reduced frequency of cells expressing a primitive phenotype (8.6±1.5% CD34+, 1.4±0.4% CD117+, 2.2±0.6% CD133+, p 5 ALDHlo cells (n=6), mice transplanted with 10 5 ALDHhi cells (n=7) showed enhanced blood flow to the ischemic limb by day 7 post-injection (p
Influence of Tooth Preparation Design and Scan Angulations on the Accuracy of Two Intraoral Digital Scanners: An in Vitro Study Based on 3‐Dimensional Comparisons

PURPOSE To evaluate the accuracy of two intraoral scanners (IOS) in terms of different preparation designs and scan angulation limitation due to the presence of adjacent teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eight different complete coverage (CC) and partial coverage (PC) tooth preparations were scanned by two IOS, the 3Shape TRIOS (TRI) and the 3M True Definition (TRU). All teeth preparations were scanned in the presence and absence of adjacent teeth. Four groups were established for each IOS; Group 1: PC preparations with adjacent teeth. Group 2: CC preparations with adjacent teeth. Group 3: PC preparations without adjacent teeth. Group 4: CC preparations without adjacent teeth. 3D analysis was performed to examine average absolute discrepancy (AAD) and maximum absolute discrepancy (MAD). A Two-way ANOVA was performed followed by a post-hoc Tukey's test HSD to evaluate the effect of adjacent teeth, preparation design, and the type of IOS used. RESULTS For TRI, AAD for groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 20 ± 1.8 µm, 19.6 ± 2.4 µm, 15.5 ± 2.7 µm, and 12.9 ± 1.4 µm, respectively, whereas MAD for groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 109.7 ± 13.5 µm, 93.2 ± 28.9 µm, 85.6 ± 16.1 µm, and 66 ± 20.1 µm, respectively. For TRU IOS, AAD for groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 22.0 ± 3.6 µm, 17.9 ± 2 µm, 20 ± 5.9 µm, and 14.9 ± 1.7 µm, respectively, whereas the MAD for groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 151.4 ± 38.4 µm, 92.2 ± 17. µm, 92.6 ± 23.6 µm, and 71.4 ± 11.9 µm, respectively. Two-way ANOVA showed statistically significant differences between the AAD and MAD of TRI and TRU (p < 0.001). There were also statistically significant differences for presence or absence of adjacent teeth (p < 0.001), and preparation design (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS PC preparation scans revealed lower accuracy than CC. The presence of adjacent teeth decreased the accuracy of both IOS. TRI gave higher accuracy than TRU for PC, but both IOS showed comparable accuracy for CC groups.
Office-Based Percutaneous Renal Biopsy

Renal biopsy is an essential tool that is underutilized in the management of T1a small renal masses. Image-guided biopsy has the potential to establish a diagnosis, assess severity, and determine prognosis for patients with a renal mass that would otherwise be subjected to surgical intervention. Ultrasound technology is familiar to urologists, as it is widely applied to prostate biopsy. In a select group of patients, office-based ultrasound-guided renal mass biopsy has shown to be a safe and cost-effective alternative to hospital-based procedures. In this chapter, we will discuss patient selection, biopsy technique, complications, and outcomes of percutaneous office-based renal biopsy.
Abstract TP120: Complement Activation Contributes to Malignant Transformation of Stroke and Limits Cognitive Recovery After Reperfusion Therapy

Introduction: Ischemic stroke involves an ischemic event followed by post-ischemic neuroinflammation, leading to acute mortality, neuronal loss, and impaired recovery. Standard of care reperfusion ...
P855 Multi-peptide ELISAS overcome cross-reactivity and inadequate sensitivity of chlamydia trachomatis and C. pneumoniae serology

Background Chlamydia spp. serology is compromised by cross-reactivity of classical antigens. For specific detection of anti-trachomatis (Ctr) and anti-C. pneumoniae (Cpn) antibodies, we developed and validated novel peptide ELISAs. Methods Strongly reactive peptide antigens of 24 Ctr- and 48 Cpn-specific B-cell epitopes of multiple immunodominant chlamydial proteins were used in this study. For specific detection of anti-Ctr and anti-Cpn antibodies, 185 human sera were tested in colorimetric ELISAs with mixtures of 12–24 Ctr or Cpn peptide antigens using polyclonal anti-human IgG-HRP conjugates. For comparative evaluation, these sera were tested with 4 Ctr and 4 Cpn commercial IgG ELISAs. Results In commercial ELISAs, Ctr and Cpn individual serum reactivity was 54% biased towards positivity for both species (co-positivity), but unbiased in Ctr and Cpn peptide antibody assays. This finding suggested a severe specificity problem (cross-reactivity) of commercial ELISAs, but not peptide assays. Using hyperimmune mouse sera against each of 11 Chlamydia spp., we confirmed that commercial Ctr and Cpn ELISA antigens are cross-reactive among all Chlamydia spp., but Cpn and Ctr peptide antigens react specifically only with antisera against the cognate chlamydial species. By comparison at 90% specificity to a Ctr-peptide composite reference standard (CRS) for human anti-Ctr antibody status, the Ctr mixed peptide assays showed 86–83% sensitivity, significantly higher than the 59–34% sensitivity of 4 commercial anti-Ctr ELISAs. Relative to a Cpn-peptide CRS, the Cpn mixed peptide assay showed 86–80% sensitivity at 90% specificity, significantly higher than the 48–25% sensitivity of 4 commercial anti-Cpn ELISAs. Conclusion For detection of anti-Ctr and -Cpn antibodies, commercial ELISAs are not suitable due to cross-reactivity. In contrast, mixed peptide assays are accurate with simultaneous high specificity and sensitivity, and reliably determine anti-Ctr and anti-Cpn antibody prevalence. With convenient use for non-specialized laboratories, these peptide ELISAs will improve Ctr and Cpn serodiagnosis. Disclosure No significant relationships.
Psychometric Properties of the Multidimensional Impression of Change in a Cohort of Pediatric Patients With Pain.

Abstract Objectives This study assessed the utility of the Multidimensional Patient Impression of Change (MPIC) questionnaire in a pediatric pain population after interdisciplinary treatment. Design Observational study with retrospective chart review. The observed treatment program included psychological counseling, relaxation training, physical therapy, occupational therapy, and physician management. Setting Outpatient pain management center affiliated with an academic rehabilitation hospital. Participants A heterogeneous group of pediatric patients with chronic pain (N=202) who completed an interdisciplinary pain management program. Interventions Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures Measures assessing pain, mood, development, social functioning, physical functioning, and family functioning were administered pre- and posttreatment, and the MPIC was administered posttreatment. Results Statistically significant improvements were observed in all outcomes (P Conclusions The MPIC was found to be an effective screening tool for assessing patient perceived progress in a pediatric chronic pain population.
On 2-defective DP-colorings of sparse graphs

Abstract Introduced by Dvořak and Postle, the notion of DP-coloring generalizes list coloring and helps to prove new results on list coloring. We consider 1-defective and 2-defective DP-colorings of graphs with 2 colors. For j = 1 , 2 , we find exact lower bounds on the number of edges in ( j , 2 ) -DP-critical graphs (that is, graphs that do not admit j -defective DP-colorings with 2 colors but whose every proper subgraph has such a coloring) with a given number of vertices. These bounds also hold for ( j , 2 ) -list-critical graphs, and for j = 2 are better than previously known bounds by Havet and Sereni (2006).
Abstract 1262: Targeting transcriptional addiction in anti-androgen refractory castration-resistant prostate cancer

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men of the western world. Androgen receptor (AR) is the primary driver alteration in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Advanced PCa treated with first line androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) eventually relapse in a hormone refractory or castration-resistant (CR) form. Relapsed disease is highly aggressive and poses an increased risk of morbidity and death. This refractory state of CRPC is characterized by a strong addiction to AR-mediated transcription driven by the synergy between a variety of genomic alterations and epigenetic remodeling. Despite the success of recently approved therapies targeting AR signaling, such as abiraterone and second-generation anti-androgens including enzalutamide, durable responses are limited, owing to acquired resistance. Epigenetic therapies targeting coactivators within the AR transcription machinery have shown promise as effective options for the treatment of CRPC in both its naive and Enzalutamide Resistant state (Enza-Res). Using basic proteomic and next generation genomic approaches, we have identified CDK7, as an indispensable component of the AR-transcription machinery and a novel target in CRPC. The phosphorylation of MED1 (T1457) by CDK7 leads to the formation of the chromatin bound AR-MED1 complex and is essential for its stability and onset of AR-mediated transcription. Loss of CDK7 activity either through genetic silencing or through treatment with the CDK7 inhibitor THZ1 led to de-recruitment of chromatin bound MED1, loss of AR-target gene expressions, increased apoptosis, and a drastic reduction in cell proliferation. Here, we present evidence for the efficacy of targeting CDK7 in curtailing AR signaling in the Enza-Res state. Further, we observed hyper-phosphorylation of MED1 and AR, and a concomitant decrease in the catalytic-subunit (alpha-isoform) of the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2ACα) in enzalutamide resistant cell lines and metastatic biopsies. This hyper-phosphorylated state was strongly dependent on the catalytic activity of CDK7, wherein treatment of Enza-Res cells with THZ1 led to complete loss of phosphorylation of MED1 and AR, and death in Enza-res cells. These findings point to the indispensable role of CDK7 in driving the AR oncogenic transcription program in anti-androgen refractory CRPC and its viability as a potential therapeutic target. Citation Format: Reyaz ur Rasool, Ramakrishnan Natesan, Qu Deng, Shweta Aras, Samuel Sander Effron, Samuel Sander Effron, Erick Mitchell Velasquez, Jessica M. Posimo, Priti Lal, Donita C. Brady, Irfan A. Asangani. Targeting transcriptional addiction in anti-androgen refractory castration-resistant prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 1262.
Enliven the Teaching of IFRS Via the Recent Proliferation of Online Webcasts and Videos

The past 12 months have seen a veritable explosion in the number of online webcasts and videos focusing upon IFRS. This growing collection of webcasts and videos provides a rich source of educational tools for the teaching of IFRS. This paper consolidates into one study the sources and types of IFRS webcasts and videos, and then offers suggestions for incorporating these media into the international and general accounting curriculum. The paper's accompanying appendix provides a comprehensive database of the IFRS webcasts and videos currently available, with detailed descriptions, from the Big Four firms, AICPA, SEC, IASB, and other educational institutions and professional societies.
Randomized controlled trial of digital cognitive behavior therapy for prenatal insomnia symptoms: Effects on postpartum insomnia and mental health.

STUDY OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of digital cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia (dCBT-I) delivered during pregnancy on subjective sleep outcomes, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms through six months postpartum. METHODS People up to 28 weeks gestation (N=208) with insomnia were randomized to six weekly sessions of dCBT-I or standard care. We report follow-up data at three and six months postpartum. The primary outcome was insomnia symptom severity. Secondary sleep outcomes included global sleep quality and insomnia caseness. Mental health outcomes included depressive and anxiety symptom severity. We evaluated between-condition differences in change from baseline for each postpartum timepoint and categorical outcomes. RESULTS dCBT-I participants did not experience significantly greater improvements in insomnia symptom severity relative to standard care participants, but they did experience higher rates of insomnia remission and lower rates of insomnia caseness at six months postpartum. dCBT-I participants experienced greater improvements in depressive symptom severity from baseline to both postpartum timepoints, and in anxiety symptom severity from baseline to three months postpartum. The proportion of participants with probable major depression at three months postpartum was significantly higher among standard care (18%) than dCBT-I (4%, p=.006) participants; this between-condition difference was pronounced among the subset (n=143) with minimal depressive symptoms at baseline (18% vs 0%). CONCLUSION dCBT-I use during pregnancy leads to enduring benefits for postpartum insomnia remission. Findings provide strong preliminary evidence that dCBT-I use during pregnancy may prevent postpartum depression and anxiety, which is notable when considering the high frequency and importance of these problems.
Computational Nanophotonics : Modeling and Applications

Computational of Optical Micro-/Nanoprism Sarhan M. Musa and Orion Ciftja Role of Computational Intelligence in Photonics Technology Ufana Riaz and S.M. Ashraf Nanowire Photonics and Their Applications Sun-Kyung Kim, Thomas J. Kempa, Charles M. Lieber, and Hong-Gyu Park Modeling and Characterization of Nonlinear Optical Effects in Photonic Nanowires Rim Cherif, Mourad Zghal, and Amine Ben Salem Modeling Optical Applications of Nanofibers/Nanowires Yipei Wang and Limin Tong Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics: Application to Quantum State Transfer through Nanophotonic Waveguidance P.K. Choudhury and Md. Mijanur Rahman Nanopatterned Photonics on Probe: Modeling, Simulations, and Applications for Near-Field Light Manipulation Lingyun Wang and Xiaojing Zhang Coupled Mode Theory and Its Applications on Computational Nanophotonics Jianwei Mu and Yasha Yi Multilayer Coupled Nanoplasmonic Structures and Related Computational Techniques Mina Ray and Mahua Bera Advanced Techniques in Medical Computational Nanophotonics and Nanoplasmonics Viroj Wiwanitkit Computational Modeling Aspects of Light Propagation in Biological Tissue for Medical Applications Chintha Chamalie Handapangoda and Malin Premaratne Defense Applications for Nanophotonics Suman Shrestha, Mohit Kumar, and George C. Giakos Future Trends in Nanophotonics: Medical Diagnostics and Treatment, Nanodevices, and Solar Cells Chaya Narayan, Aditi Deshpande, Jennifer Syms, Chris Mela, Anandi Mahadevan, Suman Shrestha, Lin Zhang, Tannaz Farrahi, Ryan Koglin, and George C. Giakos Appendix A: Material and Physical Constants Appendix B: Photon Equations, Index of Refraction, Electromagnetic Spectrum, and Wavelength of Commercial Laser Appendix C: Symbols and Formulas Index
Creativity, Intelligence, and Culture: Connections and Possibilities

155 © Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2009 The topic of intelligence and culture is a widely studied and often highly controversial area, marked by much debate and emotion. Typically, African Americans and Hispanic Americans score lower than European Americans on a variety of measures of intelligence and ability (see Loehlin, 2000, for an overview). Group tests such as the SAT, ACT, Graduate Records Examinations, and Advanced Placement exams produce similar results (Camara & Schmidt, 1999; Morgan & Maneckshana, 1996). Some researchers argue that these measures reflect actual differences (e.g., Herrnstein & Murray, 1994; Jensen, 1998). Others point to the discrepancy between socioeconomic status and opportunities across ethnicities (Rogers, 1996; Sternberg, 1996), whereas still others argue that current ability measures do not incorporate enough aspects of intelligence (Sternberg et al., 2008). Indeed, the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children—Second Edition (KABC-II; Kaufman & Kaufman, 2004) is based on two current theories of intelligence (the Cattell–Horn–Carroll (CHC) theory of intelligence (McGrew, 2005) and Luria’s (1970) neuropsychological model). The KABC-II, as well as its predecessor (the K-ABC; Kaufman & Kaufman, 1983), has consistently shown the smallest differences in test scores by ethnicity of the major individual intelligence tests (Cole et al., 2009; Kaufman, 2003; Kaufman et al., 2005). Another instrument based on Luria’s theory, the Cognitive Assessment System (Naglieri & Das, 1997), also shows small differences by ethnicity (Naglieri et al., 2005). Although group mean differences are certainly relevant to the discussion, there are other, more psychometric approaches that offer a more sophisticated view of the problem. The argument underlying such approaches is that, even though two groups may perform differently on an ability test, the test itself may not be in error or biased. These approaches evaluate content that may be inappropriate because it unfairly favors one group over another (for instance, sports examples may stereo typically favor males). The question then becomes whether different constructs may be measured across nominal groups by the same test. A test may Chapter 7 Creativity, Intelligence, and Culture: Connections and Possibilities
Analysis of polarization and frequency effects on radio wave transmission characteristics over layered soil

This paper investigates the characteristics of radio wave transmission between two specific antennas: a horn and a microstrip patch antenna, with the existence of layered infinite planar soil. The distance between the transmitter (TX) and the receiver (RX), as well as the operating frequency and polarization status of the TX/RX pair results are taken into account. The TX/RX radiation patterns and the transmission coefficients are characterized. The soil is modeled using its complex dielectric constant. The results provide guidance for improving the design of a variety of wireless systems for them to adapt to environmental conditions. Examples include subsurface object detection systems as well as wide band mobile radio communication systems.
Low rates yield big returns.

The function of cerebellar climbing fibers is controversial, one puzzle being their very low firing rates. The application of information theory is now providing some answers.
Automated Installation of Large-Scale Linux Networks

Need to load Linux on 100 workstations? Learn some tricks and techniques that could save you days of tedious work.
When is a Car a Bicycle? and Other Riddles: The Definition of a Security Under the Federal Securities Laws

propositions of law. We decline to lay down a broad rule or series of rules to govern all conceivable future questions in this area, even were we able to do so." Id. at 386. Chief Justice Burger, concurring in part, stated: As the Court states, however, "if the purpose of the attorney-client privilege is to be served, the attorney and client must be able to predict with some degree of certainty whether particular discussions will be protected." ... For this very reason, I believe that we should articulate a standard that will govern similar cases and afford guidance to corporations, counsel advising them, and federal courts. Id. at 402 (Burger, J., concurring). In addition, the known reliance of state courts on decisions interpreting the federal securities laws in conjunction with definitions of "security" under state law would seem to impose a duty to provide the clearest guidance reasonably possible. See Karajala, supra note 35, at
Exotic ectoparasites of ostriches recently imported into the United States.

Eleven species of ectoparasitic arthropods were collected and identified from ostriches (Struthio camelus) recently imported into the United States from Africa and Europe. Four of these species are reported from ostriches for the first time. The parasites included adult hippoboscid flies (Struthiobosca struthionis) and 10 species of adult ixodid ticks (Amblyomma gemma, A. lepidum, A. variegatum, Haemaphysalis punctata, Hyalomma albiparmatum, H. luscitanicum, H. marginatum rufipes, H. truncatum, Hyalomma sp., and Rhipicephalus turanicus. As a result of these findings, the U.S. Department of Agriculture prohibited further importation into the United States of ostriches and other flightless birds on an interim basis.
Oklahoma Downbursts and Their Asymmetry

Abstract Doppler radar data collected each spring in 1979–1984 with the two Doppler radars operated by the National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL) are used to investigate the asymmetry of low-altitude divergent outflows of convective storm downbursts in central Oklahoma. Outflows in Oklahoma storms can be highly asymmetric with horizontal shear along the axis of maximum divergence as much as 5.5 times the shear along the axis of minimum divergence. The downbursts observed in central Oklahoma, all large-scale (4–10 km) events, were superposed with the maximum reflectivity core of the storms. However, scanning strategies may have precluded detection of smaller scale (>4 km) microbursts. Typical downbursts observed during the Joint Airport Weather Studies (JAWS) Project were of small scale (>4 km) and were often associated with little or no rain at the surface. The mechanism for the initiation of the majority of JAWS microbursts was evaporative cooling, which occurred when precipitation fell into a dry, dee...
Properties of the three cell types in sixteen-cell sea urchin embryos: aggregation and microtuble protein synthesis.

Abstract The course of aggregation of cells separated from early sea urchin embryos is described. The cells retain the ability to divide but show differences in some other functions. Micromeres do not make cilia whereas the other cell types do. Micromeres also show less mutual adhesion than non-micromeres. Biochemical data are presented which show that the inability of micromeres to assemble cilia is not due to failure to make microtubule proteins, since all cell types have pools of these proteins and synthesize them actively. They also show an increase in the synthesis of these proteins which parallels that shown by embryos. The aggregates do not develop into normal embryos, and possible explanations for this are discussed. The failure appears to be due to a loss of spatial organization rather than to damage to the cells.
The perimenopausal transition of Filipino American midlife women: biopsychosociocultural dimensions.

OBJECTIVES To describe the biologic, psychological, social, and cultural (biopsychosociocultural) dimensions of the perimenopausal transition of Filipino American midlife women. METHODS A community-based sample of 165 women (a) self-identified as Filipino American, (b) ages 35 to 56 years, and (c) English language proficient was recruited from churches and social groups. RESULTS Women in the study were born in the Philippines (93.3%), had lived in the United States an average of 18.4 +/- 8.7 years, were married or partnered (74.6%), had completed college (62.8%) or a graduate degree (15.9%), worked (full-time, 77.9%; part-time, 12.9%), had household incomes greater than $50,000 (>58%). Menopause ages were calculated from reports of last menstrual periods (natural, 48.9 +/- 4.9 years; surgical, 42.2 +/- 5.7 years). Neither the age at menarche nor the number of pregnancies and children born was significantly related to age at menopause. Calcium from food sources was generally low, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) revealed a 24.8% depression rate. The low prevalence of physical health problems confirms previous research that foreign-born individuals have better health than those born in the United States. CONCLUSIONS The profile of this understudied group identified calcium intake, osteoporosis morbidity, and prevalence of depression as key areas for future study.
A course on the management of the systems development process with hands-on computing

Abstract A course on the development of accounting information systems from a managerial perspective that employed hands-on computing experience is described. Central to the course is a group term project that involves the design and implementation of computer-based accounting applications for actual businesses. The applications are developed in a microcomputer environment. A chronology of the course is described identifying the assignments, successes and problems of the course. The results of a student survey are also presented and analyzed. The lessons learned from the experience, for both student and instructor, and suggestions for improvements conclude this discussion.
Linear Diophantine Constrained Intra-Fix for Frequency Domain Equalization of Multi-h CPM

This paper considers the problem of constructing a symbol block to generate a cyclic multi-h continuous phase modulated (CPM) signal so as to permit frequency domain equalization (FDE) at the receiver. Like single-h CPM, the memory inherent in a multi-h CPM waveform requires the use of an additional segment, called an intra-fix, in each transmitted block. The intra-fix forces the transmitter state machine to regress to the state it had at the start of the block. The constraints on the symbols of the intra-fix, which ensure above condition, are shown to be a set of Linear Diophantine Equations (LDEs). Three different methods are proposed for finding the symbols of the intra-fix, such that the length of the intra-fix is minimized. The last two methods connect the problem of intra-fix insertion to the problem of trellis termination of the tilted phase. This connection enables us to state and justify that existing bounds established on the length of the terminating sequence are effective for the length of the intra-fix. We observe that multi-h CPM schemes typically require a shorter intra-fix, as compared to single-h CPM schemes having similar modulation parameters. We apply the proposed procedure to a dual-h CPM scheme.
Characterization of P91, a protein associated with virions of an Orgyia pseudotsugata baculovirus.

Abstract Polyclonal antiserum produced against preoccluded virions from the Orgyia pseudotsugata multinucleocapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus (OpMNPV) was used to screen an OpMNPV λgt11 expression library. The insert from one of the immunoreactive phage isolates hybridized to OpMNPV orf86 ( p91 ), a 2460-bp (819 amino acids) open reading frame that encodes a predicted protein of 91 kDa. Antibodies generated against a maltose binding protein–P91 fusion detected a band of approximately 91 kDa on Western blots of extracts of OpMNPV-infected Lymantria dispar cells. This band was first observed at 18 hr p.i. and was present at all later time points. Similar results using this antiserum were seen with a time course of Autographa californica -infected Spodoptera frugiperda cells. Localization of P91 by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy showed that the protein was concentrated near the nuclear membrane and at late times p.i. was most concentrated near polyhedra. Immunoelectron microscopy indicated that P91 was present in both the capsid and envelope surrounding the capsid of occlusion-derived virions. Fractionation studies employing NP-40 and Western blot analysis indicated that P91 was associated with the capsid structure.
Study of optical centers with near-infrared emission in germanate glasses doped with 6p (Bi, Pb) and 5p (Sn, Sb) ions

It was shown that broadband near infrared fluorescence in recently discovered in Bi-doped glasses is not specific to Biions. Germanate glasses doped with different 6p (Bi, Pb) and 5p (Sn, Sb) ions (co-doped with Al) exhibit similar behavior. The centers can be characterized by 4 peaks in the excitation-emission plots. The decay of fluorescence (excited with short laser pulse at 800 nm and 532 nm) has complex behavior. The components of the decay are in the nsto ms- range and they have different temperature dependences. To our opinion, existing models of optical center suggested earlier should be revised to agree with new data.
Sequence analysis of bovine retinal S-antigen: Relationships with α-transducin and G-proteins

Abstract S-Antigen is a major soluble protein of the retina and pineal. It is capable of inducing experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) in laboratory animals and also seems to play an important role in the visual cycle. The results of partial cDNA sequence analysis reveal interesting homologies with a-transducin, a GTP-binding protein of retina and other purine nucleotide-binding proteins. In particular S-antigen shows over 50% identity to the proposed pertussis toxin ADP-ribosylation site of α-transducin. It also contains the Gly-X-X-X-X-Gly-Lys pattern common to phosphoryl binding sites. A possible relationship between S-antigen and purine nucleotide-binding proteins is discussed. There is also evidence for a repetitious β-structure in the C-terminal half of S-antigen, with a monoclonal antibody epitope in a helical region at the C-terminus.
Changes in the relative reinforcing effects of cigarette smoking as a function of initial abstinence

Rationale Experimental research is needed in investigating how early smoking abstinence affects relapse risk.
Experimental Investigation of Fluid Flow and Phase Moving Interface During the Solidification of Binary Mixture in Trapezoidal Cavity

This experimental study focuses on the solidification of a ammonium chloride-water (NH4 Cl-H2 O) solution in a trapezoidal cavity with one and two vertical cooling walls. The effect of the initial concentration of ammonium chloride (sub-eutectic: f < 19.8% and eutectic f = 19.8%, where f is the percentage in weight) and boundary temperatures (Tcold = −30°C to −10°C) on the solidification process is examined. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is used in this study to measure the velocity fields in the melt during the solidification process. The temperatures distributions at discrete locations in the solution and the boundary walls were measured by 32 thermocouples. The convection flow patterns; the ice shape and thickness; the velocity of the moving liquid/solid interface; and the temperature distribution were obtained. The convection patterns obtained for different initial concentrations showed significant differences. The results showed that the process of solidification is slower with an increase in the initial concentration levels of the binary solution. The growth rate of the frozen layer, the velocity of the moving solid-liquid interface and the temperature in the melt was significantly reduced when increasing the initial concentration of ammonium chloride.Copyright © 2004 by ASME
Wisdom's information : Rereading a biblical image in the light of some contemporary science and speculation

The biblical image of Wisdom as the power who “orders all things well” in nature and in human life can be read in the light of contemporary information theory. Some current scientific speculation offers an interpretation of reality as a vast information-processing system, in which informational situations are continuously transformed through algorithmic operations. This interpretation finds a metaphysical counterpart in the distinction between “nature natured” and “nature naturing” in the philosophical theology of Samuel Taylor Coleridge. This confluence of religious, metaphysical, and scientific imagery suggests a picture of the world in which the processes of “nature naturing,”“human humaning,” and “God Godding” inform and recur in each other.
A Rapid, Micro FAME Preparation Method for Vegetable Oil Fatty Acid Analysis by Gas Chromatography

A 30-min, micro-base-catalyzed method for vegetable oil fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) preparation was developed using only 1 mg of oil sample by limiting the solvent volumes used. This method was primarily developed to quickly analyze fatty acid composition of CLA-rich soy oil but can be further applicable to pure vegetable oils. Existing base-catalyzed FAME preparation methods are not appropriate to use because they are either rapid but not micro, or micro but not rapid, or are rapid and micro but use acidification in the final step of FAME preparation, which would isomerize oils containing conjugated fatty acids. Serial dilutions of a mixed commercial FAME reference standard were prepared and analyzed by GC with a flame ionization detector (FID) with maximum instrument sensitivity. The novel method was also used to prepare soy oil FAMEs for GC-FID analysis. There were no statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) in fatty acid data from the FAME reference standard dilutions. Similarly, there was no statistical significant difference (P < 0.05) between results obtained for all the soy oil dilutions and the control method. This technique is a rapid method for preparing small pure oil samples as FAMEs for GC-FID analysis.
Attitudes and beliefs of family- and center-based child care providers predict differences in caregiving behavior over time

Abstract This study examined how patterns of caregiving behavior differ between family and center providers over time, and to what extent caregivers’ attitudes and beliefs shape those caregiving patterns. Ninety-eight child care providers (59 family child care-based [family] and 39 center-based providers) self-reported their initial demographics, attitudes, and beliefs about children and caregiving. Their caregiving behavior in the child care setting was independently and reliably observed three times over the course of one year. When controlling for relevant demographic and structural variables, growth curve analyses revealed patterns of caregiving behavior that varied as a function of provider type and of the interaction between provider type and caregiver attitudes and beliefs. Center-based providers’ caregiving behavior was more heavily influenced by attitudes and beliefs and showed greater variability over time than family providers’ behavior. Implications for choosing child care and improving professional development are discussed.
Compaction of a Routed Channel on the Connection Machine

A parallel algorithm for symbolic compaction of two layered channels has been developed and implemented on the Connection Machine. It allows fast channel compaction with very little wasted space.
FAMILIAL THYROID PEROXIDASE DEFECT

SUMMARY A congenitally goitrous, mentally retarded, hypothyroid child, whose parents were first cousins, was studied for the cause of a strongly positive (86–5%) perchlorate discharge test. The mother had a recidivant goitre after being thyroidectomized in 1971. Her perchlorate discharge test was negative, but she displayed an exaggerated TSH response to TRH administration. The father also showed a negative perchlorate discharge, but he had a large cold nodule in the left thyroid lobe. The father also presented with a retinitis pigmentosa, detected additionally in two of his brothers and three nephews. Thyroid tissue, obtained from the three patients at surgery, was assayed for thyroid peroxidase (TPO) by three different assays: 1iodination of goitre thyroglobulin; 2oxidation of guaiacol; 3oxidation of iodide. In a standard iodination assay (100 μM I−) and in a standard guaiacol assay 4–7 mM guaiacol) the TPO activity in the son's tissue was extremely low. Preincubation with haematin did not restore activity. The father displayed a normal TPO activity, but that of the mother was somewhat low. In the iodide oxidation assay employing 12 mM I− in the incubation system, and in iodination and guaiacol assays employing elevated concentrations of substrate, the TPO activity in the son's tissue was quite appreciable and was much closer to that of the parents. Presumably, therefore, the defect in the son's thyroid did not involve an absence of TPO. Rather, the results suggest a qualitative defect in the son's TPO, involving an abnormality in the binding of substrate for oxidation. Thyroglobulin was isolated from the thyroid soluble fraction by sucrose density gradient centrifugation and its protein and iodine content determined. Thyroglobulin from the son's thyroid tissue contained only 0–043% iodine, compared to 0–45% and 0–29% for mother and father, respectively. The very low iodine content of the son's thyroglobulin accords with the low thyroid peroxidase activity and with the clinical and laboratory findings. The fact that the parents in the present study are first cousins and that both showed some type of thyroid abnormality suggests that the severely affected son (goitre, mental retardation, and hypothyroidism) is homozygous for a recessive mutant gene.
Evidence for positronium molecule formation at a metal surface

We have observed a reduction in the amount of positronium emitted from an atomically clean Al(111) surface that depends on the incident positron beam density. We interpret this as evidence for the formation of molecular positronium, created following interactions between two pseudopositronium atoms trapped in a surface state. We find that this process is highly sensitive to the condition of the surface and is easily suppressed by changes thereupon. The implications of our data for planned spectroscopic studies of molecular positronium are discussed, as well as improvements to the experimental procedure that will allow more detailed measurements of the thermodynamics of the formation of this molecule from metal surfaces.
Linear sample spaces and stable processes

Abstract A notion of linear dependence of one stochastic process upon another is introduced, and studied in the case of symmetric stable processes. The problem of imbedding one Lq space into another is shown to be related to this study.
Modification of curcumin with polyethylene glycol enhances the delivery of curcumin in preadipocytes and its antiadipogenic property.

Conjugation of curcumin (CCM) by polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been previously developed to improve water solubility of the natural form of CCM and its antiproliferative role in some human cancer c...
Effect of Sulfhydryl Reagents on K+ Efflux from Rose Cells Relationship to Ultraviolet-Stimulated Efflux

N-Ethylmaleimide causes a rapid efflux of K+ from suspension-cultured cells of Rosa damascena. This efflux shows many characteristics of the ultraviolet-induced efflux of K+, including the appearance of HCO3− together with the K+ and inhibition by respiratory inhibitors. Cysteine inhibits the ultraviolet-induced efflux of K+. These results are interpreted to mean that ultraviolet induces K+ efflux through an alteration of sulfhydryl residues.
Radiographically Occult Latent Radiogenic Osteosarcoma Uncovered on Tc-99m Methylene-diphosphonate Bone Scintigraphy

We present a case of a 70-year-old male who was referred for a technetium-99m methylene-diphosphonate bone scan for mild left hip pain and an elevated alkaline phosphatase level of 770 units/L. No additional information was provided and the patient's history was limited due to a language barrier. We were able to ascertain that the patient had a remote history of prostate cancer, which had been treated with radiation. Originally, we felt the bone scan was compatible with Paget's disease; however, further work-up revealed the presence of osteosarcoma, which was potentially radiation-induced.
The use of C14 uniformly labeled glucose in the study of starch synthesis in the leaf

Abstract An attempt was made to study sugar transformations in sunflower leaf disks as an approach to the problem of starch synthesis. The transformation of the C 14 -labeled glucose was followed by chromatography and an examination of a radioautogram series and determination of the activities in the synthesized compounds. From the data obtained, it is suggested that there are at least two mechanisms for amylose synthesis. While a phosphorylating mechanism might operate in plants which form little sucrose, a transglucosidizing mechanism could well build amylose in plants that produce sucrose in large quantities. In both cases, the Q-enzyme probably utilizes the available amylose to form amylopectin.
Bounded-influence estimators for the tobit model

Abstract This paper introduces a class of bounded-influence estimators for the Gaussian censored-regression or Tobit model. These estimators can be interpreted as weighted ML estimators, with weights chosen to attain the best trade-off between efficiency and robustness. An empirical example illustrates the feasibility and usefulness of these estimators, as well as their performance vis-a-vis the Tobit ML, CLAD, and SCLS estimators.
Courts, Constitutions, and Labor Politics in England and America: A Study of the Constitutive Power of Law

For most of the 19th century, the labor movements of England and America seemed to be developing along similar lines. Then, in the decades around the turn of the century, both movements were embroiled in a common battle over the political soul of trade unionism. In England, the champions of broad, class-based social and industrial reforms prevailed. In the United States, they lost, and the winners were the voluntarists, who held that labor should steer clear of politics as much as possible. This article suggests that the key reasons for the divergence lie not in the sociology of the working class or labor movement, so much as in the character of the state and polity and the lessons trade unionists drew from experiences in those arenas. The difference between judicial supremacy in the United States and parliamentary supremacy in England combined with other differences in the two nations’forms of government to produce sharply contrasting lessons about the value of state-based reforms.
Emplotting Postcoloniality: Usable Pasts, Possible Futures, and the Relentless Present

Postcolonial studies is at a crossroads. While the 1980s marked the nascence of postcolonial studies in the academy and the 1990s its triumph, the years since 2001 have been filled with uncertainty...
Simulation Model for Studying Dynamics of Water Flow and Water Status in Plants

Models are useful for visualizing the many complex interactions that occur in plants, and for investigating effects of morphological and physiological attributes on plant performance. Plant Walter Dynamics simulates the dynamic variations of plant water status that occur while a plant interacts with the environment. The modeling approach was based on the idea that plant water status depends on the balance of three fluxes: uptake of water from soil, storage of water in plant tissue, and loss of water by transpiration. All three fluxes are calculated directly or indirectly as functions of plant water status, as defined by leaf water potential. At any given time, the sum of all water fluxes is balanced to zero
Extensive polynucleate giant cell formation after x-irradiation or addition of colchicine in SV40 transformed Syrian hamster cells.

X-irradiation of Syrian hamster cells transformed by simian virus 40 which exhibited evidence of the presence of the viral genome was consistently followed by extensive polynucleate giant cell formation.
National Alliance for Photonics Education in Manufacturing: training in the application of photonics to enhance national manufacturing

NAPEM-The National Alliance for Photonics Education in Manufacturing is delivering photonics-based courses in four major manufacturing sectors: semiconductor manufacturing, laser materials processing, durable goods manufacturing, and dual-use manufacturing and end-to-end system testing. NAPEM's mission is to enhance industry competitiveness through providing practical continuing education programs on applying technology in manufacturing processes. Funded through a matching Technology Reinvestment Project (TRP) grant, NAPEM's unique approach unites the strengths of a professional photonics society, university educators, and industry training and human resources personnel in designing, assessing, implementing, and evaluating these innovative programs. This paper will outline the NAPEM program, to date, from SPIE-The International Society of Optical Engineering's administrative perspective. It will identify successful models and lessons learned in program development, delivery and evaluation, and specify recommendations to assist others addressing similar educational issues in training an engineering workforce for the 21st century.© (1995) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Gender across family generations: change in Mexican American masculinities and femininities

How do conceptions of gender – attitudes, expectations, and behaviours – change from generation to generation in Mexican American families? The notion of gender as socially constructed allows for the possibility of change, yet existing studies documenting change provide insight into why gender changes occur but do not sufficiently describe how this process happens. Based on interviews with three-generation Mexican American families in California, this article finds that reflection on natal family experiences and intergenerational family communication – autobiographical stories, lessons, and advice – are mechanisms that shift masculinity, femininity, and gender relations. Men use their natal family dynamics to rethink male dominance in favour of improved familial and romantic relationships whereas women consider their biographies and cross-generational advice to challenge patriarchy and become more educated and assertive. Families are crucibles of social change: reflection on natal family experiences and c...
What makes a generic medication generic

By law, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) can approve generic versions of brand-name drugs without requiring that research be conducted to prove them safe and effective. However, compared with a brand-name drug, a generic drug must demonstrate that it (a) contains the same active ingredients; (b) is identical in strength, dosage form, and route of administration; (c) is bioequivalent; (d) has the same clinical use indications; (e) meets the same batch requirements for identity, strength, purity, and quality; and (f) is manufactured according to the same FDA regulations. The most important aspect of generic drug development are the concepts of bioavailability and bioequivalence. According to the concept of bioequivalence, if a drug product contains an active ingredient that is chemically identical and is delivered to the site of action at the same rate and extent as another drug product, then it is considered to be clinically equivalent and can be substituted for that drug product.