cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Infrared Emission Spectra of the Atmosphere between 14.5 μ and 22.5 μ

The atmospheric emission spectrum has been extended from 15 μ to 22.5 μ. Measurements made at Sacramento Peak, New Mexico are described and the emission features identified by comparison with absorption spectra of various atmospheric gases obtained in the laboratory. An asymmetry in the emission spectrum of the clear sky has been observed.
Stream Programming on General-Purpose Processors

In this paper we investigate mapping stream programs (i.e., programs written in a streaming style for streaming architectures such as Imagine and Raw) onto a general-purpose CPU. We develop and explore a novel way of mapping these programs onto the CPU. We show how the salient features of stream programming such as computation kernels, local memories, and asynchronous bulk memory loads and stores can be easily mapped by a simple compilation system to CPU features such as the processor caches, simultaneous multi-threading, and fast inter-thread communication support, resulting in an executable that efficiently uses CPU resources. We present an evaluation of our mapping on a hyperthreaded Intel Pentium 4 CPU as a canonical example of a general-purpose processor. We compare the mapped stream program against the same program coded in a more conventional style for the general-purpose processor. Using both micro-benchmarks and scientific applications we show that programs written in a streaming style can run comparably to equivalent programs written in a traditional style. Our results show that coding programs in a streaming style can improve performance on today's machines and smooth the way for significant performance improvements with the deployment of streaming architectures.
Localized open source collaboration in software engineering education

Involving computer science students in open source software projects provides opportunities for them to contribute to real products with more authentic scope than typical computer science assignments. However, the environment of collaborating with external, distributed teams also poses unique challenges and may distance students from the potential for valuable, direct contact and mentorship from software professionals. In addition, while the technology industry continues to grow, smaller communities have a vested interest in growing a culture for collaboration between students and local software developers. We formed a local open source organization to collaborate on a product by combining efforts from students and professionals. This paper describes the localized free and open source software (LFOSS) organization and reports initial findings from software engineering students' involvement.
Integrating Si nanoscale building blocks into micro-sized materials to enable practical applications in lithium-ion batteries

This article highlights recent advances in micro-sized silicon anode materials composed of silicon nanoscale building blocks for lithium-ion batteries. These materials show great potential in practical applications since they combine good cycling stability, high rate performance, and high volumetric capacity. Different preparation methods are introduced and the features and performance of the resulting materials are discussed. Key take-away points are interspersed through the discussion, including comments on the roles of the nanoscale building blocks. Finally, we discuss current challenges and provide an outlook for future development of micro-sized silicon-based anode materials.
“I Belong! And I’m Here to Stay!” u.s. Black Catholics’ Faith and Faithfulness

This study attends closely to the faith and experiences of black Catholics. Two major themes emerged from semi-structured interviews with fifteen black Catholics in a midwestern U.S . city: First, participants experience the Catholic church simultaneously as both a loving home and a significant source of suffering because of racism. Second, participants engage in forgiveness of racism, which involves working for racial transformation of church and society. The analysis suggests a need for corporate conversion in that racism remains a major and pernicious barrier to the U.S . Catholic church’s ability to serve as a sacrament of God’s love.
Treatment of hepatitis C virus-associated mixed cryoglobulinemia with direct-acting antiviral agents.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most common cause of mixed cryoglobulinemia syndrome (MCS). The efficacy and safety of all-oral direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy in HCV-associated MCS (HCV-MCS) is largely unknown. The authors studied case series of patients with HCV-MCS who were treated with sofosbuvir-based regimens and historical controls treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin in a single health care network. HCV-MCS was defined by circulating cryoglobulin associated with systemic vasculitis symptoms. Renal involvement (n = 7) was established by kidney biopsy (n = 5) or by two or more of the following clinical findings: reduced kidney function, proteinuria, or hematuria with other causes excluded (n = 2). Twelve patients received DAA therapy between December 2013 and September 2014. Median age was 61 years, 58% were male, and 50% had cirrhosis. Median baseline serum creatinine was 0.97 mg/dL (range 0.7-2.47). Four patients received rituximab concurrent with DAA therapy. Sustained virological response rate at 12 weeks (SVR12) was 83% overall. Patients with glomerulonephritis who achieved SVR12 experienced an improvement in serum creatinine and a reduction in proteinuria. Cryoglobulin levels decreased in 89% of patients, with median percent decreasing from 1.5% to 0.5% and completely disappearing in four of nine cases who had cryoglobulins measured after treatment. Serious adverse events were infrequent (17%). In contrast, the historical cohort treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin experienced only 10% SVR12, with 100% experiencing at least one adverse event and 50% experiencing premature discontinuation due to adverse events. Conclusion: SVR12 rates for sofosbuvir-based DAA regimens in HCV-MCS were 83%, significantly higher than historical controls treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin; patients with glomerulonephritis experienced improvement in renal function, including those not concomitantly treated with immunosuppression. (Hepatology 2016;63:408–417)
Evidence of Stock Price Bubbles: The Case of the Malaysian Second Board Index

There has been anecdotal evidence that the Malaysian stock market in general and the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (KLSE) Second Board Index in particular have experienced several boom and bust cycles especially prior to the 1997 Asian financial crisis. This paper examines whether the KLSE Second Board Index exhibited bubble-like characteristics over the sample period from October 1991 to May 2007 by way of Shiller's (1981) variance bounds test and augmented by the tests Mankiw, Romer, and Shapiro (1985) proposed. The results clearly show that actual price volatility is greater than the ex-post price derived from the present value of actual dividends. The additional tests proposed by Mankiw, Romer, and Shapiro (1985) confirm the results. The results however are much less apparent in the post-1997 period.
Combinatorial Proofs of Pascal's Formula for Sums of Powers of the Integers

(1985). Combinatorial Proofs of Pascal's Formula for Sums of Powers of the Integers. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 92, No. 7, pp. 499-501.
ON THE TATE-SHAFAREVICH GROUP OF CERTAIN ELLIPTIC CURVES

Let K ⊂ C be an imaginary quadratic field with prime discriminant −p < −3, ring of integers OK = O and class group ClK of (odd) order hK = h. The jinvariant j(O) generates a field F/Q of degree h such that H = FK is the Hilbert class field of K. Suppose A/F is a Q-curve with j-invariant j(O); thus, A is an elliptic curve which, over H, is isogenous to each of its Galois conjugates, and has complex multiplication by O. We let B = ResF/QA be the h-dimensional abelian variety over Q obtained from A by restriction of scalars. Any two such A (and any two such B) are quadratic twists of one another: letting A(p) denote the canonical curve of discriminant ideal (−p3), with restriction B(p), we have A = A(p) (and B = B(p)) for some quadratic discriminant D. We refer the reader to Gross [Gr1] for general facts about CM Q-curves. Much progress has been made recently on proving the conjecture of Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer for these curves. For instance, if L(1, A/F ) = 0, and h = 1, Rubin [Ru2] has proved that the Birch-Swinnerton–Dyer conjecture for A/F holds up to a power of 2. Note that the ring R+ of Q-endomorphisms of B (or B(p)) is an order in T = R+ ⊗ Q, a totally real field of degree h over Q. The Tate-Shafarevich group ∐∐ B/Q is a finite module over R+; our main goal in this paper is to gain insight into the structure of this module via L-series in some special cases. Namely, suppose p ≡ 3 mod 8 and A = A(p)−3. Also, assume that R+ is integrally closed. Let ψ be a Hecke character of K such that ψ ◦ NH/K is the Hecke character attached to A/H. This choice of ψ gives rise to an embedding of T in R (see section 2). We define an algebraic integer s = 0 in FT as a sum of certain modified elliptic units first introduced by Gross [Gr3] and show that there is a (unique) integral ideal f of R+ whose lift to FT is generated by s. Our starting point is a formula (Theorem 2) expressing L(1, ψ) as a period times s, showing, in particular, that this central critical value does not vanish. Writing L(s, A/F ) as a product of Hecke L-series, calculating the local factors in the Birch-Swinnerton–Dyer conjecture, and applying our formula together with results of Coates, Wiles, Arthaud, and Rubin [CW], [Ar], [Ru1], we obtain Main Theorem(Theorem 5) With the above assumptions and notation, A(F ) = B(Q) is finite. If the Birch-Swinnerton–Dyer conjecture holds for A/F (or for
Diazirine-Containing Photoactivatable Isoprenoid: Synthesis and Application in Studies with Isoprenylcysteine Carboxyl Methyltransferase

Photoaffinity labeling is a useful technique employed to identify protein–ligand and protein–protein noncovalent interactions. Photolabeling experiments have been particularly informative for probing membrane-bound proteins where structural information is difficult to obtain. The most widely used classes of photoactive functionalities include aryl azides, diazocarbonyls, diazirines, and benzophenones. Diazirines are intrinsically smaller than benzophenones and generate carbenes upon photolysis that react with a broader range of amino acid side chains compared with the benzophenone-derived diradical; this makes diazirines potentially more general photoaffinity-labeling agents. In this article, we describe the development and application of a new isoprenoid analogue containing a diazirine moiety that was prepared in six steps and incorporated into an a-factor-derived peptide produced via solid-phase synthesis. In addition to the diazirine moiety, fluorescein and biotin groups were also incorporated into the...
Capacity Credit Evaluation of Grid-connected Photovoltaic Generation Considering Weather Uncertainty

Photovoltaic(PV) generation is still considered to be an energy-replacement rather than capacity-replacement source because of its intermittent nature.Given that power system reliability can be elevated after integrating PV generation to the system,the PV generation should have a capacity credit to some extent.Evaluating this capacity credit is one of the urgent problems when planning for large-scare PV station integration into a traditional power system.A new method for evaluating the capacity credit of a PV generation station is proposed.Firstly,an annual PV generation fluctuating model is given.This model considers weather random conditions including the probability of different weathers,the maximum proportion of solar radiation under various weathers,the radiation fluctuation range due to clouds mask and the temperature coefficient random variation range.Secondly,a reliability index computation method based on the sequential Monte-Carlo simulation is proposed.The secant method is used as the iteration algorithm to get the capacity credit of the PV generation station,in which the convergence criterion facilitates testing two large samples' means equal(the u testing) of hypothesis testing methods in the mathematical statistics.Finally,the proposed model and algorithm are validated with a benchmark reliability system.
Testicular and Vascular Changes in Children and Adults with Varicocele

AbstractWe analyzed bilateral testicular biopsies of 188 infertile patients with idiopathic left varicocele. The left side had significant pathological tubular testicular changes compared to the right side, whereas in only 7 per cent of the patients tubular damage was more pronounced on the right side. The Leydig cell pathological score was identical in both testes in 95 per cent of the patients. However, the lower the Leydig cell pathological score the better the testicular histology, suggesting an association between Leydig cell score and testicular function.Of the 188 patients 11 boys and 8 adults were randomly selected, and they displayed clear endothelial proliferative lesions of the capillaries at the ultrastructural level. Proliferative endothelial lesions in the patients with varicocele preceded the testicular changes. This, together with the prevalence of tubular damage at the site of the varicocele and the reversibility of these changes postoperatively, emphasizes the deleterious effects of vari...
Examining Workplace Ostracism Experiences in Academia: Understanding How Differences in the Faculty Ranks Influence Inclusive Climates on Campus

Research on the retention of women in academia has focused on challenges, including a “chilly climate,” devaluation, and incivility. The unique consequences of workplace ostracism – being ignored and excluded by others in an organizational setting – require focus on this experience as another interpersonal challenge for women in academia. The purpose of this study is to examine differences in the faculty experiences and outcomes of workplace ostracism, and to determine if these experiences are affected significantly by the gender composition of an employee’s specific department. Participants were recruited at two time points to complete campus climate surveys that were distributed to faculty at a large, public, research university. We examined the number of reported ostracism experiences (Study 1) and perceived information sharing (Study 2) among male and female university faculty. The findings indicated that female faculty members perceived more workplace ostracism than male faculty members. Analyses of department gender ratios suggested that the proportion of women in the department did not reduce the amount of workplace ostracism experienced by women. No gender differences were found in perceived information sharing. However, we found that Faculty of Color, both men and women, reported more frequent information exclusion than White faculty. These results have important implications for theoretical and practical understandings of workplace demography and suggest that it is necessary to look at subtle, ambiguous forms of discrimination in order to increase retention of faculty from underrepresented groups in academia.
Urinary Silicate in Calculous Patients

Silicate calculi are frequent in herbivorous animals1 and small amounts of silicate are regularly present in human calculi2. Recently it has been reported that the presence of polymerized silicate will decrease the concentrations of calcium and phosphorus required for mineralization of tissues in vitro 3. Previously the author has reported that the addition of small amounts of polymerized silicate to urine of normal subjects, 5 to 20 mg per 100 mL of urine, will overcome the effect of inhibitors of mineralization in such urine4.
Expression of kruppel-like factor 5 mediates anchorage-independent growth and good prognosis in human lung cancer.

84 Ras mutations have been identified in human lung adenocarcinoma; however, attempts to clinically target mutant Ras have encountered significant problems. The Ras/Erk pathway is responsible for much of the oncogenicty of the Ras oncoproteins, providing rationale for the analysis of Ras/Erk downstream signaling targets such as the transcription factor Kruppel-like Factor 5 (KLF5). The Ras/Erk pathway mediates the expression of KLF5. KLF5 may facilitate cell entry into the S phase of the cell cycle, and may regulate downstream mediators of Ras function in cell proliferation such as cyclin D1; however, KLF5 may also act in a tumor suppressive manner. We have generated a KLF5 specific antisera, and have determined that KLF5 is expressed in several mouse lung tumor models which stimulate Ras signaling. Moreover, we have applied this reagent to a tissue array of primary human lung cancer biopsies and found that patients with tumors expressing high levels of KLF5 have significantly better prognosis than those without KLF5 expression. To understand the molecular basis of this observation we overexpressed KLF5 in Ras-mutant human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. In comparison to empty vector controls, growth rates of KLF5 overexpressing cells increased after (but not before) cultures became confluent. In contrast, knockdown of KLF5 expression limited growth. Moreover, soft agar assays showed a significant reduction in colony formation of KLF5 knockdown cells. These findings indicate that the KLF5 transcription factor may mediate anchorage independent growth in human lung cancer cells. Interestingly, anchorage independent growth is one function mutant Ras signaling. Gene expression analyses reveal that the putative KLF5 target gene cyclin D1 is deregulated upon manipulation of KLF5 in human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. In mice, conditional deletion of Klf5 in the lung dramatically ablates cyclin D1 expression, but only in a subset of cells. These data provide the first validation of a Klf5 target gene in primary lung cells, and the first indication of the prognostic value of KLF5 expression in human lung cancer.
Diversity and Hierarchy in the Evolution of Mental Mechanisms

Abstract Biological traits evolve through processes of descent with modification from ancestral traits, largely via diversification and modification of the developmental pathways via which phenotypic traits develop. This has potentially important consequences for the way that we understand the evolution, organization, and design of mental mechanisms, and therefore of human nature. Whereas the psychological and philosophical literature on mental mechanisms largely treat them as either sui generis phenomena or divide them into dichotomous categories (“higher” versus “lower,” “specialized” versus “general-purpose”), mental mechanisms in human brains are likely to be diverse, with heterogeneous origins and pathways of evolutionary descent. They are also likely to be related via relationships of homology, yielding complex and partly hierarchically organized patterns of similarity and difference in their functional features. Whatever uniquely derived brain mechanisms and processes exist in humans are likely to be modified versions of mechanisms that are present in other primates. As a consequence, the unique features of human cognition, such as our abilities of social cognition, cultural transmission, cognition, and language, likely involve the complex interaction of phylogenetically newer mechanisms with phylogenetically older ones. Much of human nature, then, is probably not unique to humans, and the abilities that are unique to us draw heavily on phylogenetically older mechanisms that are not. This chapter will summarize this hierarchical approach to the evolution of mental mechanisms and its implications for the study of human nature.
Effects of Processing on the Mechanical Properties and Oxidation behavior of Al2Ti

Al2Ti is a promising material for use in elevated temperature structural applications. It has a lower density than Ti3Al and TiAl. We have previously shown that the compressive yield strength of Al2Ti is higher than that of similarly processed TiAl and Al3Ti between room temperature and 900°C. In this study, two additional processing methods were utilized to produce the material: uniaxial hot pressing of rapidly solidified powder and hot forging of cast ingots. Effects of hot forging or annealing of as-cast Al2Ti on the microhardness and load for crack initiation were studied. The microhardness and crack initiation load were also used to compare powder processed material consolidated either by hot pressing or hot isostatic pressing. The oxidation behavior of as-cast, cast & hot isostatically pressed (cast & hip’ed), and powder processed & hip’ed (PP) Al2Ti was also investigated. The oxidation tests were performed in air at 815°C and 982°C for 100 hr. PP Al2Ti exhibited the lowest weight gain and as-cast exhibited the highest. Al2Ti shows superior oxidation resistance compared to Ti3Al- and TiAl- based alloys tested under similar conditions and shows comparable oxidation resistance to Al3Ti at 800°C. SEM/EDS was used to study the morphological development of the oxide scale and to identify the chemical constituents present in the various layers of the scale.
Should infants and toddlers have frequent overnight parenting time with fathers? The policy debate and new data

Whether children of separated parents 2 years of age and younger should have frequent overnight parenting time with noncustodial fathers has been the subject of much debate but little data. Contrary to some previous findings, the current study found benefits to both parent-child relationships associated with overnights (a) up to and including equal numbers of overnights at both parents’ homes, (b) for both the long-term mother-child and father-child relationships, and (c) both when children were 2 years old, as well as when they were under 1 year of age. These benefits held after controlling for subsequent parenting time with fathers in childhood and adolescence, parent education and conflict up to 5 years after the separation, and children’s sex and age at separation. While the findings do not establish causality they provide strong support for policies to encourage frequent overnight parenting time for infants and toddlers, because the benefits associated with overnights also held for parents who initially agreed about overnights as well as for those who disagreed and had the overnight parenting plan imposed over 1 parent’s objections. The observed benefits for the long-term father-child relationship are consistent with findings from intervention studies showing that fathers who are more involved with infants and toddlers develop better parenting skills and relationships with their children.
In the Body of the Beholder: Insider Dynamics and Extended Audiencing Transform Dance Spectatorship in Sleep No More

Drawing on statements from Maxine Doyle, associate artistic director and choreographer of Punchdrunk’s Sleep No More (SNM) as well as reflections of SNM performers and spectators, Julia M. Ritter considers how dance practices are deployed to affect experiences of immersive performance by engendering and complicating agentive action, engagement, and investment in dance spectatorship. Ritter identifies a confluence of extended postmodern dance practices and insider dynamics (including complicity, porosity, contagion and inclusion) in Doyle’s choreographic strategies that afford possibilities for spectator agency and engagement, transforming audience experiences of dance spectatorship. Ritter proposes the term extended audiencing to describe how spectators continue their experiences of post-performance through reflection in social media postings and the creation of cultural products alongside the theatrical event.
Shock-Induced Temperature Distributions in Powder Compact Recovery Fixtures

Sandia “Bear” and “Bertha” powder compact recovery fixture systems for explosive loading have been widely used to preserve powder compact samples for post-shock analysis. Shock conditions within the compacts are determined from an extensive program of numerical simulation which reveals that, even though the initial loading is planar, the sample conditions are controlled by a radial-mode compression. The wave-trapping phenomenon which occurs in the powder samples leads to relatively uniform shock-induced temperatures except for a very hot area in the outer edge region of some fixtures.
Human induced pluripotent stem cells for modelling neurodevelopmental disorders

We currently have a poor understanding of the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders, owing to the fact that postmortem and imaging studies can only measure the postnatal status quo and offer little insight into the processes that give rise to the observed outcomes. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) should, in principle, prove powerful for elucidating the pathways that give rise to neurodevelopmental disorders. hiPSCs are embryonic-stem-cell-like cells that can be derived from somatic cells. They retain the unique genetic signature of the individual from whom they were derived, and thus enable researchers to recapitulate that individual's idiosyncratic neural development in a dish. In the case of individuals with disease, we can re-enact the disease-altered trajectory of brain development and examine how and why phenotypic and molecular abnormalities arise in these diseased brains. Here, we review hiPSC biology and possible experimental designs when using hiPSCs to model disease. We then discuss existing hiPSC models of neurodevelopmental disorders. Our hope is that, as some studies have already shown, hiPSCs will illuminate the pathophysiology of developmental disorders of the CNS and lead to therapeutic options for the millions that are affected by these conditions.
Orbit: Eye Socket Reconstruction with Mucous Membrane Graft

Contracture of the conjunctiva of an anophthalmic socket is a common complication following enucleation (Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 29(2):96–98, 2000; Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 9(4):267–272, 1993; Colour atlas of ophthalmic plastic surgery. 3rd ed. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann/Elsevier, 2008). The lower fornix is typically affected before the upper fornix (Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 29(2):96–98, 2000; Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 9(4):267–272, 1993; Colour atlas of ophthalmic plastic surgery. 3rd ed. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann/Elsevier, 2008). Loss of forniceal depth can make it impossible for an ocularist to fit a prosthetic. In such cases, forniceal reconstruction may be considered (Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 29(2):96–98, 2000; Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 9(4):267–272, 1993; Colour atlas of ophthalmic plastic surgery. 3rd ed. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann/Elsevier, 2008). If the conjunctiva is sufficiently elastic, fornix deepening sutures can be used to recreate the upper and lower fornices. However, if the conjunctiva is scarred and inelastic, mucous membrane grafting may be considered (Colour atlas of ophthalmic plastic surgery. 3rd ed. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann/Elsevier, 2008). Buccal mucosa is similar in consistency to conjunctiva, consisting of non-keratinized squamous cell epithelium and a thin lamina propria (EAU-EBU Update Series 5(5):179–187, 2007). When harvesting buccal mucosa, care must be taken to avoid the parotid (Stensen) duct, located on the inner cheek, across from the second superior molar tooth. Additionally, damage to the underlying buccinator muscle should be avoided. When choosing the size of the graft to harvest, one should overestimate the amount of mucosa required, as oral mucosal grafts can shrink up to 20 % from their original size (EAU-EBU Update Series 5(5):179–187, 2007). After harvesting the graft, it is important to use a second set of sterile surgical instruments and replace the surgeons’ gloves in order to prevent contamination of the eye socket with oral bacteria (EAU-EBU Update Series 5(5):179–187, 2007).
Best of RESPECT 2016

The growth of computing and STEM-related jobs continues, but the diversity of those inhabiting those jobs has not. Diversity in the workforce can be measured in many ways, including gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, and persons with disabilities (physical, learning, psychological). The guest editors of this special issue discuss the articles under focus, which touch on these different types of diversity and the unique challenges that exist in broadening the pipeline for that spectrum of the population.
Field Tests of the Vertical-Array Differential Target Antenna Coupling (DTAC) System

"Authors/employers may post a final accepted version of the manuscript or the final SEG-formatted version (book chapters excluded) on authors' personal websites, employers' websites, or in institutional repositories operated and controlled exclusively by authors' employers."
Adalimumab use in patients with psoriasis and hepatitis B: a case series.

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors neutralize the biologic activity of TNF-alpha, a key cytokine involved in both the pathogenesis of psoriasis and host immune response in suppressing microbial proliferation.1 It is well known that chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers are at high risk of HBV reactivation when using immunosuppressive medications, chemotherapy, and TNF inhibitors.2-4 However, HBV reactivation in patients with resolved HBV infection using TNF inhibitors is exceedingly rare, and to our knowledge has not been reported in the psoriasis literature. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Management of cutaneous Merkel cell carcinoma.

AbstractPurpose: To report the outcomes of patients with previously untreated cutaneous Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) managed with curative intent.Material and methods: Between December 1984 and August 2015, 59 patients with previously untreated cutaneous MCC were managed with curative intent with surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy (54 patients) or radiotherapy alone (5 patients) at the University of Florida. Primary sites included head and neck (45 patients), extremities (11 patients) and trunk (3 patients). Adjuvant chemotherapy was employed in 14 patients. Patients were staged according to the AJCC staging system: stage I, 25 patients; stage IIA, 7 patients; and, stage III, 27 patients. No patients had distant metastases.Median follow-up for all patients was 3.2 years (range, 0.3–20.9 years). Median follow-up for survivors was 6.7 years (range, 1.6–20.9 years).Results: The 5-year outcomes were as follows: local control, 91%; regional control, 79%; local–regional control, 77%; disease metastasis-free survi...
Monitoring Strategies for Internet Technologies

Managers are faced with many decisions regarding monitoring. For an electronic monitoring effort to be successful, it is important to match the correct monitoring strategy with a complimentary monitoring technology and implementation. This chapter lists many of the potential goals for monitoring, strategies to accomplish those goals, technologies which match the strategies, and implementation plans. Managers can consult this chapter to assist in ensuring that unintended effects do not occur from a haphazard approach to electronic monitoring. 701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Suite 200, Hershey PA 17033, USA Tel: 717/533-8845; Fax 717/533-8661; URL-http://www.idea-group.com INFORMATION SCIENCE PUBLISHING This chapter appears in the book, Personal Web Usage in the Workplace: A Guide to Effective Human Resources Management, edited by Murugan Anandarajan. Copyright © 2004, Idea Group Publishing. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of Idea Group Inc. is prohibited.
Signal Processing Requirements of the TDD Terminal

This paper considers the signal processing requirements of 3GPP-TDD terminal and examines the technology requirements for the implementation of the 3GPP-TDD mode, this is followed by a discussion of how the terminal complexity of the TDD mode compares to that of the FDD mode. The first part of the paper begins with a short explanation of how the 3GPP TDD mode fits into the ITU family of standards, the specification of the TDD mode covering the frequency bands, the synchronous nature, and the physical channel structure. The differences in the inner receiver implementation between the TDD mode and the FDD mode are highlighted.
Cold War Freud: psychoanalysis in an age of catastrophes

In the tumultuous aftermath of the Second World War, psychoanalysis, according to Dagmar Herzog, was not merely dedicated to the understanding and healing of the individual—a self-contained practic...
Antiepileptic Drug Monotherapy for Epilepsy.

In patients with partial-onset (focal) seizures, levetiracetam (Keppra), lamotrigine (Lamictal), and carbamazepine (Tegretol) were associated with the longest time to treatment withdrawal (i.e., the recommended patient-oriented outcome measure that balances tolerability with effectiveness).
Colon decompression--do we accomplish what we intend?

Colonoscopy has been the principal tool for decompression in acute colonic pseudo-obstruction, known as Ogilvie's syndrome. The objectives of this study were to determine the immediate effect of colonoscopy on the cecal diameter (measured on supine radiographs) and to delineate possible correlations in the diameters of dilated segments of the colon. The charts and radiographs of 24 patients who had colonoscopic decompression for acute colonic pseudo-obstruction between 1992 and 1997 at the San Diego Veterans Affairs Medical Center and the University of California, San Diego Hospitals were reviewed. The authors measured cecal, transverse, descending, and sigmoid colon diameters on serial radiographs up to the point of clinical resolution. Mean ± standard deviation cecal diameter change (between initial and post-decompression films) was -2 ± 3.4 cm at 4 h and -2.2 ± 3.3 cm 1 day after decompression. On the daily radiographs between colonoscopic decompression and clinical resolution, there was a close correlation between the diameter of the cecum and that of the transverse colon (p < 0.05). There was no correlation between the cecal diameter and that of the descending or sigmoid colon. Colonoscopic decompression only causes a small decrease in cecal size in the patient with acute colonic pseudo-obstruction. Dilation patterns of the cecum and transverse colon are significantly correlated in acute colonic pseudo-obstruction. This correlation provides additional support to the contention that the same pathophysiology affects these two segments of the colon.
Mutational signatures of redox stress in yeast single-strand DNA and of aging in human mitochondrial DNA share a common feature.

Redox stress is a major hallmark of cancer. Analysis of thousands of sequenced cancer exomes and whole genomes revealed distinct mutational signatures that can be attributed to specific sources of DNA lesions. Clustered mutations discovered in several cancer genomes were linked to single-strand DNA (ssDNA) intermediates in various processes of DNA metabolism. Previously, only one clustered mutational signature had been clearly associated with a subclass of ssDNA-specific apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC) cytidine deaminases. Others remain to be elucidated. We report here deciphering of the mutational spectra and mutational signature of redox stress in ssDNA of budding yeast and the signature of aging in human mitochondrial DNA. We found that the predominance of C to T substitutions is a common feature of both signatures. Measurements of the frequencies of hydrogen peroxide–induced mutations in proofreading-defective yeast mutants supported the conclusion that hydrogen peroxide–induced mutagenesis is not the result of increased DNA polymerase misincorporation errors but rather is caused by direct damage to DNA. Proteins involved in modulation of chromatin status play a significant role in prevention of redox stress–induced mutagenesis, possibly by facilitating protection through modification of chromatin structure. These findings provide an opportunity for the search and identification of the mutational signature of redox stress in cancers and in other pathological conditions and could potentially be used for informing therapeutic decisions. In addition, the discovery of such signatures that may be present in related organisms should also advance our understanding of evolution.
3D Regional Shape Analysis of Left Ventricle Using MR Images: Abnormal Myocadium Detection and Classification

Accurate detection of abnormal myocardium regions is essential for differential diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. However, to achieve this goal by image analysis will significantly increase the burden on radiologists who is already overwhelmed. To ease the time and energy-demanding process and enhance the reproducibility, we proposed a novel framework for automatic abnormal shape detection on left ventricular (LV) using MR images. Our proposed approach utilizes the features obtained by large deformation diffeomorphic metric mapping (LDDMM). To take advantage of 3D structural information, we introduce multilinear principal component analysis (MPCA) in the framework to reduce feature dimensions. Then we combine MPCA with linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to perform differential diagnosis. The performance of proposed framework is evaluated on patients’ images. In the classification of three common cardiovascular diseases, our proposed method outperformed traditional classifiers (Global point signature, Random Forest and XGBoost) with an accuracy of 94%. To further automatically detect the dysfunctional heart regions, we did a comparison on 3D morphology between the diseased subjects and healthy controls and performed an automatic visualization of the abnormal myocadiac regions. In conclusion, our proposed framework reserves the spatial information of the features generated through LDDMM registration and enables the 3D visualization of abnormal regions of LV. With the advance of our method, differential diagnosis is successfully performed on patients with different cardiovascular diseases.
Harnessing Cardiac Regeneration as a Potential Therapeutic Strategy for AL Cardiac Amyloidosis.

Cardiac regeneration has received much attention as a possible means to treat various forms of cardiac injury. This review will explore the field of cardiac regeneration by highlighting the existing animal models, describing the involved molecular pathways, and discussing attempts to harness cardiac regeneration to treat cardiomyopathies. Light chain cardiac amyloidosis is a degenerative disease characterized by progressive heart failure due to amyloid fibril deposition and light chain–mediated cardiotoxicity. Recent findings in a zebrafish model of light chain amyloidosis suggest that cardiac regenerative confers a protective effect against this disease. Cardiac regeneration remains an intriguing potential tool for treating cardiovascular disease. Degenerative diseases, such as light chain cardiac amyloidosis, may be particularly suited for therapeutic interventions that target cardiac regeneration. Further studies are needed to translate preclinical findings for cardiac regeneration into effective therapies.
Žižek and the Theological Foundation of the Secular

Slavoj Žižek is a protean thinker and a prolific writer whose claim to the attention of philosophy is a matter of controversy, and whose claim to the attention of theology is very much an open question. The purpose of this essay is not so much to bring in a definitive verdict in either or both cases. While the essay’s intent is finally critical, it discharges two preliminary tasks: first, an excavation of the complex theoretical nucleus of what Žižek claims to be dialectical materialism; and secondly, a demonstration of the thoroughgoing Hegelianism of his view of secularity, in which Christianity is a crucial agent of the coming-to-be of the secular. As for the first, O’Regan judges that Žižek’s dialectical materialism is based on a dynamic theoretical core of three discourses: Hegel, Marx, and Lacan (with the middle Schelling as an often operative fourth). Although Žižek has written more about Hegel and Lacan than about Marx, there can be no doubt that he considers Marxism to provide the overall conceptual frame for his thought, and that Hegel and Lacan function to theoretically augment and buttress dialectical materialism. That Hegel provides the theoretical supplement to Marx, however, means nothing less than that Hegel is the crucial interpretive lens through which to interpret Marxism: surprisingly, Hegel, not Marx, becomes the dominant thinker of dialectical materialism. If Hegel is the dominant theoretical axis, then Žižek’s account of secularity repeats Hegel’s nearly exactly, including Hegel’s view that the core of Christianity is a unsurpassable position and generates secularity. Even if Žižek will grant that Christianity is not simply a set of symptoms but actually says something about the human condition, it still remains that Christianity is merely a historical and symbolic way-station on the way to its obsolescence or liquidation.
De-Centering the Deficit Framework: Courageous Refugee Mentors in Educational Spaces

This paper, which draws on an ethnographically informed case study, examines refugee mentors working directly with refugee students and families so they can successfully overcome challenges associated with adapting to a new, urban school culture. It highlights the ways in which the mentors and students negotiate educational contexts and structures not necessarily well suited to newcomers; it also reveals how the mentors create spaces where refugee students and their families experience a sense of belonging. Through additive practices, the mentors assist refugee students in forming a legitimized identity as an alternative to the racialized American models based on normative standards. The author argues that the mentors are best situated as “additive tempered radicals” who work within school district barriers to provide incremental equitable educational opportunities for refugee students. Recommendations include utilizing the practices of the mentors as templates for district-wide programs for all newcomer students.
The Paradox of Reputation for Innovation

In recent years, reputation for innovation has been acknowledged as a distinct resource and an important predictor of market premium. However, our theoretical understanding of reputation for innova...
Significance of wave data source selection for vessel response prediction and fatigue damage estimation

Abstract The availability of detailed environmental hindcast data opens the door for virtual structural health monitoring; however, the impact of hindcast wave data selection on the results of such an approach have not been explored. While studies on the differences between wave models have been conducted in the past, extensions of these comparisons to resultant vessel response predictions and fatigue damage estimates are limited. At three separate geographical locations, this work compared hindcast wave data from NOAA's WAVEWATCH III (NWW3) Multigrid Production Hindcast, the EU's CMEMS Global Ocean Waves Analysis and Forecasting Product, and National Data Buoy Center buoys. In addition to comparisons of wave parameters at each location, the resultant heave, pitch, and vertical bending moment responses and fatigue damage of a destroyer-sized naval combatant, the DTMB 5415, were compared. The novelty of this work lies in its large scope, which calculated responses every 3 h for all of 2017 in 32 speed and heading combinations for each location and wave data source. The results show that differences between wave data sources propagated to the vessel response predictions. These differences were then amplified in the calculation of fatigue damage causing significant discrepancies between data sources after just one year.
From Ecological Grief to Gelassenheit: Rhetorics of Sentiment and Science in Hemlock

This article presents a reading of Hemlock: A Forest Giant on the Edge, a 2014 collection of essays authored by Harvard Forest ecologists that addresses the ongoing destruction of the eastern hemlo...
A Science is Born

A brief outline of the history of radio astronomy beginning with the discovery of radio waves by Heinrich Hertz through Karl Jansky’s detection of radio waves from the Milky Way to the late twentieth century, and Grote Reber’s pioneering efforts in his backyard in Wheaton, Illinois. The story is discussed in the context of several phases that this science has passed through.
Cytoskeletal Nuclear Links in the Cardiomyocyte

The cytoskeleton maintains the internal architecture of the cytoplasm and also transmits signals to the nucleus while also coordinating information from surrounding matrix and neighboring cells. The myocardium is composed of cardiomyocytes as well as cardiac fibroblasts in addition to the vascular structures that supply oxygen and nutrients to the myocardium. The terminally differentiated mature cardiomyocyte is a binucleate structure surrounded by a laminin–collagen-enriched extracellular matrix. Both cardiac fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes contribute to the formation of this matrix. The cardiomyocyte connects to the extracellular matrix through costameres. Costameres are rib-like structure along the surface of striated muscle cells and are found in both skeletal myofibers and cardiomyocytes [1, 2]. Costameres are in register with the Z bands, the electron dense regions that anchor actin filaments and highly concentrated with action binding proteins (Fig. 1). Therefore, costameres are the sarcolemmal reflection of the underlying intracytoplasmic myofilament structures and positioned to transmit from the Z band to the membrane and extracellular matrix.
Phase-field Simulation of Lithium Ion Diffusion in Solid Electrolyte Interphase

Fracture occurs in silicon-based electrodes due to large volume change during the lithiation/delithiation in lithium-ion batteries. A stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) can effectively prevent fractures. However, lithium-ion diffusion inside SEI layer has not been fully understood. In this study, a phase-field model is developed to simulate two-dimensional formation of SEI layer and lithium-ion diffusion inside SEI layer formed on silicon electrode. The details of SEI species are confirmed by XPS experiments reported in the literature. Double-well function is applied to represent the total free energy density considering lithium-ion concentration inside the SEI layer. Simulation results show lithium-ion diffusion coefficients between 298K and 318K are 2.021-2.211(10-16) cm2/s, 7.146-8.038(10-13) cm2/s, and 1.448-1.585(10-15) cm2/s for compact, porous, and multilayered SEI layers, respectively. Resistances of the aforementioned SEI layers between 298K and 318K are 1.484-2.609 Ω cm2, 4.175-6.372 Ω cm2, and 5.171-7.007 Ω cm2.
Toward semantic understanding: an approach based on information extraction ontologies

Information is ubiquitous, and we are flooded with more than we can process. Somehow, we must rely less on visual processing, point-and-click navigation, and manual decision making and more on computer sifting and organization of information and automated negotiation and decision making. A resolution of these problems requires software with semantic understanding---a grand challenge of our time.More particularly, we must solve problems of automated interoperability, integration, and knowledge sharing, and we must build information agents and process agents that we can trust to give us the information we want and need and to negotiate on our behalf in harmony with our beliefs and goals.This paper proffers the use of information-extraction ontologies as an approach that may lead to semantic understanding.
The Multinational Advantage

Using a confidential dataset, we evaluate whether the degree of foreign operations affects U.S. multinational corporation (MNC) value by comparing actual value to imputed value for these firms. We control for differences in discount rates and expected growth rates across countries and industries through time with benchmark firms matched on these dimensions. This isolates the value effects of organizing otherwise independent activities within a multinational network. Our analyses offer robust evidence of a MNC value premium relative to a benchmark portfolio of independent firms operating in the same country-industry footprint as the MNC.