cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Korean Wave| K-Pop Fans React: Hybridity and the White Celebrity-Fan on YouTube

Reaction videos by White celebrity-fans of K-pop reveal hybridity’s formations in the global reception of K-pop in the West. A deeply understudied genre of YouTube, the reaction video needs scholarly attention. This article reveals that White celebrity-fans produce YouTube reaction texts that perform limited hybridity. Their hybridity is open to the symbolic meanings of K-pop texts and resistive practices demonstrated through deep commitments to non-White music and performers, but it is constrained by White racial logics that support postracism and gendered logics of their local spaces.
Visual Inertial Odometry Swarm: An Autonomous Swarm of Vision-Based Quadrotors

In this letter, we present the system infrastructure for a swarm of quadrotors, which perform all estimation on board using monocular visual inertial odometry. This is a novel system since it does not require an external motion capture system or GPS and is able to execute formation tasks without inter-robot collisions. The swarm can be deployed in nearly any indoor or outdoor scenario and is scalable to higher numbers of robots. We discuss the system architecture, estimation, planning, and control for the multirobot system. The robustness and scalability of the approach is validated in both indoor and outdoor environments with up to 12 quadrotors.
You can't "nudge" nuggets: An investigation of college late-night dining with behavioral economics interventions.

A mixed-methods approach was used to evaluate and improve the “late-night dining” options in a university dining hall. Surveys assessed student desires for late-night offerings, and evaluated students’ habits and motivations during late-night dining. Two interventions were implemented to see if students could be “nudged” into different choice patterns. In the first, a “veggie-heavy” entree was added at the beginning of the entree line, so that students would substitute an entree containing vegetables for the alternatives. In the second, a snack-food bar was set up to cater to students who didn’t want to stand in the long entree line, and preferred a snack. Data on food choice was collected during the interventions. Survey responses showed significant differences in the reasons females and males utilized late-night dining (p<0.001). We also found that students at late-night dining had a lower emphasis on health than the general student population. Even students at late-night who reported being health-conscious showed no difference in food selections from students who said health was not important (p = 0.883). Veggie-heavy entrees had mild success in increasing vegetable selection. However, veggie-heavy entrees were largely ignored when the other option was chicken nuggets. The snack bar was very popular. Entree placement and convenience lines may have mild impacts on food selection in a late-night dining environment.
Current status of clozapine in the United States

Clozapine is the only antipsychotic in the United States that has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment-resistant schizophrenia. It provides effective treatment even when patients do not respond to other secondgeneration antipsychotics. [1] It also remains the most effective antipsychotic available. No existing first or second-generation antipsychotic has been consistently found to be as effective as clozapine monotherapy in treatment-resistant patients. [2-6] Among patients who entered Phase 2 of the Clinical Antipsychotic Trial of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) because of lack of efficacy in Phase 1 of the study, those treated with clozapine (open label) averaged significantly greater time to treatment discontinuation (10.5 months) compared to patients treated with other antipsychotic medications (2.7-3.3 months). At three months, total symptom scores also improved to a significantly greater degree in the clozapine group compared to those treated with risperidone or quetiapine. [7] Similarly, in the open-label, randomized CUtLASS (Cost Utility of the Latest Antipsychotic Drugs in Schizophrenia Study) trial, clozapine treatment was associated with significantly greater improvement in total scores of the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) and better patient subjective ratings compared to risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, and amisulpiride. [8] Another large, nonrandomized effectiveness study, the Schizophrenia Outpatient Health Outcomes (SOHO) study, also found clozapine to be superior on clinician and patient ratings at six months compared to other antipsychotics. [9] Based on clinical trials, meta-analyses, and large naturalistic studies clozapine is recommended as the most effective agent in schizophrenia, but the recommendations indicate that it should only be used when other agents fail. [5]
Oxygen Use After Lung Cancer Surgery.

Background There are no published reports on predictors of oxygen (O2) use after lung cancer surgery. The prospect of O2 use after lung cancer surgery may affect a patient's therapy choice. Methods The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare data set was queried to identify patients diagnosed with primary lung cancer (stage I/II) who underwent surgical resection from 1994 to 2010. Patients with a second resection within 6 months of their first and those with preoperative O2 use were excluded. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to evaluate the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of O2 use (defined as being billed for home O2) after discharge for lung cancer surgery. Results Of 21,245 eligible patients from 1994 to 2010, 3,255 (15.3%) were billed for O2 use in the first month of discharge. Of these, 13.7% (447 of 3,255) stopped using within 1 month, and 1.47% died. By 6 months, an additional 6.7% died, and 46.27% (1,384 of 2,991) were still alive and using O2. Discharge on O2 was associated with higher odds of death within 6 months (odds ratio, 1.35; 95% confidence interval, 1.17 to 1.55). The significant, independent risk factors for O2 use at discharge were procedure, sex, race, histology, pulmonary comorbidities, obesity, length of stay, pulmonary complications, and discharge mode. Conclusions Home O2 use after lung cancer surgery comprises a sizable portion of this population and is correlated with death in the first 6 months. Various predictors significantly increased the risk of O2 use at discharge. However, 49.3% of those originally discharged on O2 were alive and off O2 at 6 months.
Effect of Maillard Browning Reaction on Nutritional Quality of Protein

The Maillard reaction, or non-enzymatic browning reaction, between reducing sugars and proteins (amino acids), is known to cause serious deterioration of food quality during processing and storage. Increasing evidence shows that these compounds formed under mild conditions substantially reduce the availability of amino acids and proteins. Data obtained by ourselves and others has shown there is a significant decrease in the nutritional value of foods which undergo the Maillard reaction beyond that accounted for in the loss of biologically available lysine. In the present investigation, a mixture of egg albumin and glucose was used as a model system. The nutritional quality of egg albumin as a function of the extent of Maillard browning with periods of less than 10 days of storage was evaluated by in vivo and in vitro methods. A substantial decrease in nutritional quality of protein was observed even at the initial period of storage (less than three days) and most available in vitro methods could not reveal this change. The result of a three-month rat feeding experiment indicated that there were physiological and biochemical changes in rats fed with browned protein diet. It is extremely inportant at the present time to have information on the nutritional value and aspects of food safety of browned food products with respect to nutritional labelling policy. Therefore, in addition to the development of new food products with high protein quality, the practical applications of this study are also discussed.
Supporting Multiple-tier QoS in a Video Bridging Application

With the emergence of multimedia technology, it has become important to be able to support a diverse set of client applications (simply called applications henceforth), each with its own Quality-of-Service (QoS) requirement. Such soft real-time applications exhibit remarkable loss tolerance capacity, provided the losses are well regulated. In this paper, we propose the notion of a noticeable loss, which directly relates loss pattern to the perceived QoS for an application, and use it to evaluate a novel resource management algorithm that attempts to provide acceptable QoS to individual applications. We apply our model to a real-world application, and provide simulation results to illustrate the performance of this algorithm.
Measuring Dynamic On Resistance in GaN Transistors at MHz Frequencies

Gallium nitride (GaN) transistors are desirable for use in power electronics because of their low resistance and capacitance as compared to silicon devices. However, when switched at high frequencies, GaN transistors experience high dynamic on resistance which is both detrimental and difficult to measure. We propose a technique to measure dynamic on resistance of GaN transistors while exposing them to voltage and current waveforms that are similar to those seen in high-frequency (HF) power converters. The technique can be performed at high frequency while disambiguating loss in the output capacitance $(\boldsymbol{P_{oss}})$ and can be applied across frequency, temperature, and off-state voltage. The result is a lumped $\boldsymbol{R_{on}}$ value which is easily incorporated into device models to provide a more accurate basis for design, analysis, and simulation of HF converters. We apply this technique to evaluate commercial GaN transistors at 3 MHz and find that dynamic $\boldsymbol{R_{on}}$ is roughly 4–6 times the room-temperature static $\boldsymbol{R_{on}}$ values usually quoted in datasheets, with device-dependent temperature and off-state voltage dependence.
Myt1 and Myt1l transcription factors limit proliferation in GBM cells by repressing YAP1 expression.

Abstract Myelin transcription factor 1 (Myt1) and Myt1l (Myt1-like) are zinc finger transcription factors that regulate neuronal differentiation. Reduced Myt1l expression has been implicated in glioblastoma (GBM), and the related St18 was originally identified as a potential tumor suppressor for breast cancer. We previously analyzed changes in gene expression in a human GBM cell line with re-expression of either Myt1 or Myt1l. This revealed largely overlapping gene expression changes, suggesting similar function in these cells. Here we show that re-expression of Myt1 or Myt1l reduces proliferation in two different GBM cell lines, activates gene expression programs associated with neuronal differentiation, and limits expression of proliferative and epithelial to mesenchymal transition gene-sets. Consistent with this, expression of both MYT1 and MYT1L is lower in more aggressive glioma sub-types. Examination of the gene expression changes in cells expressing Myt1 or Myt1l suggests that both repress expression of the YAP1 transcriptional coactivator, which functions primarily in the Hippo signaling pathway. Expression of YAP1 and its target genes is reduced in Myt-expressing cells, and there is an inverse correlation between YAP1 and MYT1/MYT1L expression in human brain cancer datasets. Proliferation of GBM cell lines is reduced by lowering YAP1 expression and increased with YAP1 over-expression, which overcomes the anti-proliferative effect of Myt1/Myt1l expression. Finally we show that reducing YAP1 expression in a GBM cell line slows the growth of orthotopic tumor xenografts. Together, our data suggest that Myt1 and Myt1l directly repress expression of YAP1, a protein which promotes proliferation and GBM growth.
Becoming a Teacher: Can Fifth Year Programs Influence the Attitudes of Teacher Candidates?.

This quote from Bullough and Baughman (1997) illustrates the idea that learning to teach is a developmental process. This process begins in some fashion when a person enters formal schooling and ideally continues throughout life, with good teachers always becoming better teachers. Teaching is perhaps the only career in which people have such an extended term of development. Unfortunately, nearly all of this growth in teaching is informal, haphazard and idiosyncratic. Only during a miniscule portion of this career development are individuals given formal, research-based information on the act of becoming a teacher. In California, formal university preparation is required by law to take no longer than one year, and new teachers then have induction programs of varying support for only the early years of their career. Numerous studies have noted that this relatively brief period of formal training is inadequate to change the beliefs and attitudes of teachers. Richardson (1996) labeled pre-service teacher education as a
Effects of age and hearing loss on spatial release from speech-on-speech masking, performance in envelope-based psychophysical tasks, and EEG envelope-following responses

Behavioral measures of amplitude modulation (AM) detection and envelope interaural-phase-difference (eIPD) detection reflect listeners’ ability to process temporal information. Robust encoding of temporal envelopes is necessary for understanding speech in a complex acoustic environment and for spatial segregation of a target speech from interfering background. It has been suggested that a large variability in performance in psychophysical tasks involving temporal envelope processing and in spatial release from masking for speech intelligibility may arise from cochlear synaptopathy. However, many studies have not found significant correlations between these measures and the amount of self-reported noise exposure in young listeners with audiometrically normal hearing. Similarly, electroencephalographic envelope-following responses did not significantly correlate with noise exposure or with behavioral performance reliant on envelope processing young normal-hearing population. In this study, behavioral measures in psychophysical tasks (AM and eIPD detection) and speech intelligibility in two-talker babble were measured for listeners with normal and near-normal hearing across a wide age range (20 to 69 years). Correlational analyses were performed using behavioral measures and envelope-following responses collected from the same listeners. Results will be discussed in terms of sensitivity of these measures to effects of aging and high-frequency hearing loss. [Work supported by NIH Grant R01 DC015987.]
Mixed methods comparison of functional decline during chemotherapy, immunotherapy (IO), and/or targeted therapy in older adults with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

92Background: Functional decline during NSCLC treatment is critically important to older adults. Yet, data on functional decline—particularly during chemoIO, IO, and targeted therapy—remain limited...
A design framework for all-digital mmWave massive MIMO with per-antenna nonlinearities.

Millimeter wave MIMO combines the benefits of compact antenna arrays with a large number of elements and massive bandwidths, so that fully digital beamforming has the potential of supporting a large number of simultaneous users with {\it per user} data rates of multiple gigabits/sec (Gbps). In this paper, we develop an analytical model for the impact of nonlinearities in such a system, and illustrate its utility in providing hardware design guidelines regarding two key challenges: the low available precision of analog-to-digital conversion at high sampling rates, and nonlinearities in ultra-high speed radio frequency (RF) and baseband circuits. We consider linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) reception for a multiuser MIMO uplink, and provide performance guarantees based on two key concepts: (a) summarization of the impact of per-antenna nonlinearities via a quantity that we term the "intrinsic SNR", (b) using linear MMSE performance in an ideal system without nonlinearities to bound that in our non-ideal system. For our numerical results, we employ nominal parameters corresponding to outdoor picocells operating at a carrier frequency of 140 GHz, with a data rate of 10 Gbps per user.
Colonizing the final frontier

Christopher Wanjek9s Spacefarers is an optimistic treatise on commercial endeavors that seek to increase the number of people in space by employing more efficient and cheaper launch vehicles and systems. "The market is there; the technology is almost there," he writes.
CODEA: A FRAMEWORK FOR CO-DESIGNING ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGIES WITH OCCUPATIONAL THERAPISTS, INDUSTRIAL DESIGNERS, AND END-USERS WITH MOBILITY IMPAIRMENTS

There are currently limited guidelines on how to design complex assistive technologies (ATs), which necessitates expertise beyond that possessed by designers, occupational therapists (OTs), or end-users. To address this issue, we conducted a series of four participatory workshops to study various configurations of OT-designer-user collaboration in co-designing do-it-yourself (DIY) ATs for an older adult with mobility impairment. We then proposed a specific co-design framework for such OT-designer-user collaboration.
Child Health As A National Security Issue: Obesity And Behavioral Health Conditions Among Military Children

To build and maintain an effective, agile force that is ready at a moment’s notice to deploy for national security missions, the US military must recruit approximately 150,000 new personnel annuall...
Contextual First-Price Auctions with Budgets.

The internet advertising market is a multi-billion dollar industry, in which advertisers buy thousands of ad placements every day by repeatedly participating in auctions. In recent years, the industry has shifted to first-price auctions as the preferred paradigm for selling advertising slots. Another important and ubiquitous feature of these auctions is the presence of campaign budgets, which specify the maximum amount the advertisers are willing to pay over a specified time period. In this paper, we present a new model to study the equilibrium bidding strategies in first-price auctions for advertisers who satisfy budget constraints on average. Our model dispenses with the common, yet unrealistic assumption that advertisers' values are independent and instead assumes a contextual model in which advertisers determine their values using a common feature vector. We show the existence of a natural value-pacing-based Bayes-Nash equilibrium under very mild assumptions, and study its structural properties. Furthermore, we generalize the existence result to standard auctions and prove a revenue equivalence showing that all standard auctions yield the same revenue even in the presence of budget constraints.
Reprint of black triangles: Preventing their occurrence, managing them when prevention is not practical

Abstract The interdental papilla is very important for an aesthetic smile. Black triangles are defined as the embrasures cervical to the interproximal contact that are not filled by gingival tissue. These spaces are the most negatively ranked gingival factor by laypeople. Management of black triangles requires high quality diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach must be considered mandatory to achieve a successful clinical outcome. Much of what is applicable is born from severely complicated periodontal regeneration and implant therapy. This review covers the multifactorial etiology and the management of black triangles.
Optimal Design of IPT Bipolar Power Pad for Roadway-Powered EV Charging Systems

This article proposes a multiobjective design optimization of rectangular bipolar power pads (BPP) for dynamic inductive power transfer (IPT) with application in electric vehicles. Minimization of IPT’s design cost, loss that includes core and winding, and maximization of the IPT system’s tolerance against horizontal/vertical misalignment are considered as objective functions during the optimization process. The design variables of the proposed algorithm are the shield plate length and width, ferrite bar length and width, the overlapping length of the coils, and the coil width and inner length of the coil. Power electronic limitations by defining the IPT’s quality factor ( $4 ), maximum allowable electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure ( $\text {EMF} \leq \text {EMF}_{\text {Max}}$ ), efficiency of all possible solutions greater than 80% ( $\eta$ > 80%), and upper/lower limits of design parameters are considered as the constraints of this optimization problem. The time-harmonic electromagnetic physics model of the BPP is analyzed using an finite element method magnetics (FEMM) software coupled with MATLAB. A nondominated genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is employed as the optimization solver, in which the electromagnetic measurements from the FEMM software are used to evaluate the fitness values of the proposed objectives. The proposed BPP design optimization is applied on a 10-kW IPT system as a case study. The optimization results produced 15 Pareto optimal solutions. A validation study of two Pareto front solutions (PFS) is also presented. The Pareto optimal solutions allow the designer to select the best design parameters based on the objectives of highest priority.
PrEP navigation continuum among men who have sex with men, trans women, and people with alternative gender identities in three California counties.

Abstract Strategies to reduce new HIV infections include pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Of the estimated over 221,000 Californians with an indication for PrEP, only 31,280 (14 %) were currently taking the medication as of 2019. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Project PrIDE funds were used to support and develop California PrEP navigation programs designed to increase PrEP uptake among trans persons and men who have sex with men (MSM). An analysis of PrIDE-funded PrEP navigation service outcomes was conducted to highlight where continuum drop-off occurred and how it varied among priority populations. Quantitative service delivery data for PrEP navigation program activities conducted from October 1, 2015 to September 30, 2018 were collected across three county-level local health jurisdictions (LHJs) via standardized, agency-completed service delivery data collection tools. Analyses included frequencies and crosstabs. These variations were not tested statistically but highlight group-specific needs to be addressed before implementing PrEP navigation within California. Continued systematic collection and analyses of PrEP continuum outcomes will allow programs to dynamically identify and address barriers to PrEP uptake in priority populations.
Revising the slant column density retrieval of nitrogen dioxide observed by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument.

Nitrogen dioxide retrievals from the Aura/Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) have been used extensively over the past decade, particularly in the study of tropospheric air quality. Recent comparisons of OMI NO2 with independent data sets and models suggested that the OMI values of slant column density (SCD) and stratospheric vertical column density (VCD) in both the NASA OMNO2 and Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute DOMINO products are too large, by around 10–40%. We describe a substantially revised spectral fitting algorithm, optimized for the OMI visible light spectrometer channel. The most important changes comprise a flexible adjustment of the instrumental wavelength shifts combined with iterative removal of the ring spectral features; the multistep removal of instrumental noise; iterative, sequential estimates of SCDs of the trace gases in the 402–465 nm range. These changes reduce OMI SCD(NO2) by 10–35%, bringing them much closer to SCDs retrieved from independent measurements and models. The revised SCDs, submitted to the stratosphere-troposphere separation algorithm, give tropospheric VCDs ∼10–15% smaller in polluted regions, and up to ∼30% smaller in unpolluted areas. Although the revised algorithm has been optimized specifically for the OMI NO2 retrieval, our approach could be more broadly applicable.
Understanding the Health Behaviors of Survivors of Childhood and Young-Adult Cancer: Preliminary Analysis and Model Development

The current study presents preliminary correlational data used to develop a model depicting the psychosocial pathways that lead to the health behaviors of survivors of childhood and young-adult cancer. Data collected from a sample of 18- to 30-year-old cancer survivors (n = 125) was used to examine the relations among interpersonal support and nonsupport, personal agency, avoidance, depressive symptoms and self-efficacy as they related to health behaviors. The outcome measures examined included tobacco and alcohol use, diet, exercise, sunscreen use, medication compliance and follow-up/screening practices. Correlational analyses revealed a number of significant associations among variables. Results are used to inform the development of a health behavior model. Implications for health promotion and survivorship programming are discussed, as well as directions for future research.
Small bowel injury following radiation therapy for cervical cancer

Abstract From July 1962, to January 1972, 271 cases of invasive cervical carcinoma were evaluated, staged, and treated by radiation therapy at the University of Kentucky Medical Center. The total tumor and paracervical dose varied from 7,000 to 9,000 rads, and 5,000 to 6,000 rads was delivered to the lateral pelvic walls. Within 6 to 60 months following therapy, 8 (2.9 per cent) of these patients developed small bowel obstruction in the absence of tumor. Surgical procedures were performed on 4 patients, and histologic examination of the resected bowel showed changes consistent with previous irradiation. All 271 patients were evaluated with respect to age, gravidity, height, weight, pretreatment hemoglobin, stage of disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. In the population studied, the thin, diabetic, hypertensive patient was found to be particularly susceptible to the development of small bowel injury following radiation therapy for cervical carcinoma.
Reduced-Order Model Based Control of the Flexible, Articulated-Truss Space Crane

The large size and extreme flexibility of an articulated space crane entail tremendous difficulties in precision positioning. We demonstrate the application of a low-order control strategy for the flexible system using a linear, Timoshenko beam finite element model. The model captures the system's low-frequency characteristics. From selected modes of the finite element model, we design a reduced-order model (ROM) controller based on an arbitrary crane configuration. The ROM controller rotates the fixed-shape crane about the base alpha joint to actuate position control. This constructive control design takes place in two pieces: design for performance and compensate for stability. Ignoring the presence of residual modes, we design the low-order control law to achieve our performance criteria. Eigenvalue analysis of the closed-loop system, however, shows the destabilizing interaction of the ROM controller with residuals. Adding a parallel bank of residual mode filters, we restore system stability and performance, without redesign of the original controller. Finally, numeric simulation of the controlled finite element model reveals the effectiveness of a ROM-based control law with residual mode filter compensation. Application to a large-scale data-base highlights the utility of this low-order, noniterative controller design.
Visible/IR light and x-rays in femtosecond synchronism from an x-ray free-electron laser

A way is proposed to obtain pulses of visible/infrared light in femtosecond synchronism with x-rays from an x-ray free-electron laser (XFEL), using the recently proposed emittance-slicing technique. In an XFEL undulator, only the short section of an electron bunch whose emittance is left unchanged by the slicing will emit intense coherent x-rays in the XFEL undulator. At the same time, the bunch emits highly collimated transition undulator radiation (TUR) into a cone whose opening angle is the reciprocal relativisticity parameter gamma. Due to the variation of the transverse momentum induced by the emittance slicing, the effective number of charges contributing to the TUR varies along the bunch, and is higher in the sliced-out part that emits the coherent x-rays. As with coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR), the TUR is thus coherently enhanced (CTUR) at near-infrared wavelengths. Coming from the same part of the bunch the CTUR and the coherent x-rays are perfectly synchronized to each other. Because both types of radiation are generated in the long straight XFEL undulator, there are no dispersion effects that might induce a timing jitter. With typical XFEL parameters, the energy content of the single optical cycle of near-IR CTUR light is about 100 Nano-Joule, which is quite sufficient for most pump-probe experiments.
Stability of the linear complementarity problem at a solution point

In this paper we study the behavior of a solution of the linear complementarity problem when data are perturbed. We give characterizations of strong stability of the linear complementarity problem at a solution. In the case of stability we give sufficient and necessary conditions.
Modulation by cytokines of induction of oral tolerance to type II collagen

Objective To determine whether the simultaneous administration of drugs and/or cytokines such as transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) can render oral tolerance to type II collagen (CII) more effective in causing resistance to collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice, and to investigate whether oral tolerance can still be induced when high levels of anti-CII are present. Methods Tolerance was induced by intragastric feeding of low-dose CII to DBA/1 mice during a 2-week period, either before immunization with CII in Freund's complete adjuvant or after initiation of arthritis. Some mice were simultaneously injected with TGFβ1 or with the H2 receptor agonist dimaprit. Results Both TGFβ1 and dimaprit increased the degree of oral tolerance obtained. TGFβ1 augmented the induction of immunoregulatory CD8 T cells, which transferred the resistance to CIA induction to normal recipients. Feeding of CII for 2 weeks, starting after the onset of arthritis, still significantly ameliorated the course of CIA. Conclusion Administration of TGFβ1 or dimaprit, both of which are believed to promote the development of immunoregulatory T cells, may reinforce induction of oral tolerance, even after the onset of arthritis.
A framework for material handling system design justification

Abstract The integrating nature of material handling systems renders their design and economic justification critical to the performance of a manufacturing system. This paper describes a framework for the concurrent design and economic justification of a material handling system (MHS). An approach to concurrent design and economic justification termed design justification is presented, followed by a discussion of the nature of the MHS selection and specification problems The design justification framework utilizes a modified branch and bound concept which is guided by a marginal-analysis-based modification strategy. The prototype implementation of the design procedure involves automatic generation of discrete optimization, capacity, queueing network and simulation models. Illustrative examples are given of the design logic and information used within the framework. The application of the design justification framework enables system designers to develop material handling systems that are justifiable from ...
The impact of the resolution of the identity approximate integral method on modern ab initio algorithm development

The computation of the two-electron four-center integrals over gaussian basis functions is a significant component of the overall work of many ab initio methods used today. Improvements in the computational efficiency of the base algorithms have provided significant impact. Somewhat overlooked are methods that provide approximations to these integrals and their implementation in application software. A partial review of approximate integral techniques focused on the resolution of the identity (RI) four-center, two-electron integral approximation is given. The past and current uses of the RI algorithms are presented along with possibilities for further exploitation of the technology.
Sparse subspace target detection for hyperspectral imagery

In this paper, we propose a new sparsity-based algorithm for automatic target detection in hyperspectral images (HSI). This algorithm is based on the concept that a pixel in HSI lies in a low-dimensional subspace and thus can be represented by a sparse linear combination of the training samples. The sparse representation (a sparse vector representing the selected training samples) of the test sample can be recovered by solving an 0-norm minimization problem. With the recent development of Compressed Sensing theories, the minimization problem can be recast as a linear programming or solved efficiently by a greedy pursuit algorithm. Once the sparse vector is obtained, the class of the test sample can be directly determined by the behavior of the vector on reconstruction. In addition to the constraints on sparsity and reconstruction accuracy, we also exploit the fact that HSI are usually smooth in that neighboring pixels have a similar spectral characteristic. In our proposed algorithm, a smoothness constraint is also imposed by forcing the Laplacian of the reconstructed image to be zero in the minimization process. The proposed sparsity-based algorithm is applied to several hyperspectral images to detect targets of interest. Simulation results show that our algorithm outperforms the other HSI target detection algorithms, including the popular spectral matched filters, matched subspace detectors, and adaptive subspace detectors.
The hydroid and early medusa stage of Olindias formosus (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Limnomedusae)

Olindias spp. medusae are found worldwide in sublittoral tropical and sub-tropical coastal regions; their occurrence near shore can result in human envenomation events. While behaviour of medusae and human contact with medusae has been documented for the genus, the hydroid (polyp) phase of the Olindias life cycle has eluded investigators for over a century. Given the recent debate among public media and scientific communities that jellyfish blooms are increasing worldwide, there is a growing urgency to understand how and why jellyfish populations bloom. In order to understand jellyfish population dynamics, the asexual benthic phase must be studied to determine when, where, and how juvenile medusae are produced. In this study, husbandry management strategies, including the creation of artificial habitat for Olindias formosus medusae in aquaria were developed to encourage spawning and larval settlement. The resultant hydroid colony of Olindias formosus was discovered in November of 2012, utilizing the natural fluorescence of the medusa as a detection method. A description of the hydroid and early medusa stage is presented. These techniques provide a basis for locating in situ the benthic hydroid phases within this genus and other fluorescent medusae, the discovery of which may lead to a better understanding of the causative factors for jellyfish blooms.
Navigation of uncertain terrain by fusion of information from real and synthetic imagery

We consider the scenario where an autonomous platform that is searching or traversing a building may observe unstable masonry or may need to travel over unstable rubble. A purely behaviour-based system may handle these challenges but produce behaviour that works against long-terms goals such as reaching a victim as quickly as possible. We extend our work on ADAPT, a cognitive robotics architecture that incorporates 3D simulation and image fusion, to allow the robot to predict the behaviour of physical phenomena, such as falling masonry, and take actions consonant with long-term goals. We experimentally evaluate a cognitive only and reactive only approach to traversing a building filled with various numbers of challenges and compare their performance. The reactive only approach succeeds only 38% of the time, while the cognitive only approach succeeds 100% of the time. While the cognitive only approach produces very impressive behaviour, our results indicate how much better the combination of cognitive and behaviour-based can be.
Deep-well 4.8μm -emitting quantum-cascade lasers grown by MOCVD

A novel design for a deep-well InP-based QC-laser structure has been realized using MOCVD growth for emission wavelengths of 4.6 mum-4.8 mum with low threshold current density (1.5 KA/cm2) at room temperature (RT) and reduced temperature sensitivity.
Remember Bonaventure? (Onto)Theology and Ecstasy

Taking note of the tendency of some authors in contemporary philosophy and theology to assume that medieval Christian theology as such is ontotheology, the essay first reviews several current uses of ontotheology and its correlates. It then tests these uses against the theology of Bonaventure, who is often included but often unexamined in these current critiques of medieval ontotheology. It concludes that Bonaventure is not ontotheological, but perhaps surprisingly, he offers a critique of his fellow scholastics that has striking resonance with Heideggerian and other postmodern worries about the uses of ontology in particular and scholastic reasoning more generally.
Postglacial climate and fire-mediated vegetation change on the western Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA)

The mode and tempo of forest compositional change during periods of rapid climate change, including the potential for the fire regime to produce nonlinear relationships between climate and vegetation, is a long-standing theme of forest ecological research. In the old conifer forests of the coastal Pacific Northwest, fire disturbances are sufficiently rare that their relation to climate and their ecological effects are poorly understood. We used a 14 700-year high-resolution sediment record from Yahoo Lake on the Olympic Peninsula, Washington, USA, to examine vegetation (landscape vegetation from pollen and local vegetation from macrofossils) and fire (landscape fire from total charcoal and local fire from charcoal peaks) in conjunction with independent records of climate. We hypothesized that the successional stage of the local forest will exhibit alternate stable states over a range of fire activity, that species turnover will increase abruptly above a certain level of fire activity and that both respons...
Crisis, change, and continuity Living in interesting times

This commentary responds to Wendy Larner’s (2011) article regarding contemporary crisis, in which she asks whether the present is a period of change or continuity, and what forms of analysis are appropriate for both understanding and responding to the current situation. A non-essentializing approach to the present allows us to recognize continuity (of, for example, capitalism, racism, or environmental change) while also remembering that patterns and processes of the past are never reproduced exactly. This is crucial for analysis and for more practical responses, which must be premised not on a politics of purity but a politics of messy engagement that proliferates new ways of thinking and being.
Kinetic and equilibrium study of the adsorption of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid on some surfaces.

Abstract A detailed equilibrium and kinetic study of the adsorption of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) on some mineral surfaces such as clays, silica gel, sand, alumina, and humic acid has been made. The equilibrium data have been explained with the Freundlich type isotherm, and a fit of the kinetic data with a theory proposed by Fava and Eyring was tried. The heat of adsorption as a function of surface coverage has been calculated. The heat of adsorption changes exponentially with the amount of 2,4-D sorbed. In most cases the heat changes are small, but the heat changes for silica gel and sand are larger compared to other surfaces. This has been discussed in the light of weak hydrogen bonding between 2,4-D and the surface material. Humic acid and illite adsorb more 2,4-D than other surfaces. The rate constant varies from 10−3 to 10−5 sec−1 depending on the surface. The activation energy in most of the cases is almost negligible. The rate data indicate a physical type adsorption.
Effect of simulated hail damage on yield and quality of Russet Burbank potatoes

The yield and quality response of Russet Burbank potatoes to simulated hail damage was dependent upon the amount of damage and on the growth stage at which the damage occurred. Plots of Russet Burbank potato plants were subjected to 0%, 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, or 100% defoliation at 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, or 14 weeks after emergence. A motorized flail was used to simulate the complex damage that occurs during a natural hail storm.
Unlearning and competition in serial learning

The purpose of this experiment was to determine for serial learning the relative contributions of unlearning and response competition to the retroactive inhibition (RI) observed on an immediate recall test. This was accomplished through the use of a paced test, which is assumed to be affected by unlearning and competition, and an unpaced test, which is presumably only affected by unlearning. All S s learned List 1 to a criterion of 10/11 correct responses. Experimental S s received List 2 for 15 anticipation trials, while control S s worked on a puzzle for an equal time period. Following the interpolated activity S s received either paced recall and relearning trials or an unpaced test. The comparison of the RI produced on the two tests suggested that response competition is of minor importance on an immediate paced recall test. The results of the unpaced test were interpreted in terms of the differential unlearning produced by the different transfer paradigms created for the end and middle items of the serial list.
Solar Collectors Using Total Internal Reflections

This paper describes various configurations of solar collectors and components employing the phenomenon of total reflection. A double glazed window using "Optical Ribs" has been developed to yield high light transmission and ruggedness. Conical wedges are developed for use as energy concentrators as well as "Optical Valves" Dielectric compound concentrators with flat, parabolic, and elliptical reflecting surfaces will be described with various applications.
The 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of some 2-, 6-, and 2,6-substituted purines

Abstract The 13 C NMR spectra of purine and 26 substituted purines are presented. In most cases, proton-coupled spectra as well as the decoupled spectra were obtained. Chemical shift assignments are reported, and one-bond and long-range coupling constants are given where measurable. Substituent effects on chemical shifts were investigated and shielding constants derived and found to be approximately additive. Correlations of δ c-8 with σ p + and of δ C−5 with σ R were found. Tautomerism of the labile proton between N-7 and N-9 is proposed as the cause of line broadening, particularly of the lines due to C-4 and C-5, in nearly half of the substituted purines studied.
Estimating the Impacts Urban Universities on Neighborhood Housing Markets: An Empirical Analysis

>> This study investigates the impact associated with urban universities on local neighborhood housing markets from 1980 to 1990. The study answers two central questions. First, is neighborhood proximity to a public or private urban university associated with systematic, significant impacts on average monthly rental payments and average owner-occupied housing unit value? If so, do these impacts vary between these university types? The study finds that the characteristics of neighborhoods abutting universities are significantly different from neighborhoods citywide. Moreover, neighborhood adjacency to both the public and private institutions was associated with statistically significant effects, albeit dissimilar.
Recent developments in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of celiac disease

Celiac disease (CD) is a syndrome characterised by damage of the small intestinal mucosa, caused by the gliadin fraction of wheat gluten and similar alcohol-soluble proteins (prolamines) of barley and rye in genetically susceptible subjects. The clinical manifestations of CD are protean in nature and vary markedly with the age of the patient, the duration and extent of disease and the presence of extra-intestinal pathology. This article reviews three patents from the last four years which claim methods and tools for the diagnosis and treatment of CD. They are related to the antigenic role of tissue transglutaminase, the immunodominant gliadin peptide recognised by the cells in the peripheral blood of individuals with CD and the pro-inflammatory role of IL-15; however, only the first invention found application worldwide. In spite of this, the current gold standard for the diagnosis of CD is still the histological confirmation of the intestinal damage and the keystone treatment of CD patients is a life-lon...
Radiative lifetimes and oscillator strengths for allowed intra-L-shell transitions in multiply charged chlorine ions

A systematic study of radiative lifetimes of low-lying levels in Clxv through ClIx has been made using the beam-foil time-of-flight techniques. These results are used to derive $f$ values for allowed $\ensuremath{\Delta}n=0$ transitions of the type $2{s}^{2}2{p}^{k}\ensuremath{-}2s2{p}^{k+1}$ and $2s2{p}^{k+1}\ensuremath{-}2{p}^{k+2}$.
Optical injection probing of single ZnO tetrapod lasers

The properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanotetrapod lasers are characterized by a novel ultrafast two-color pump/stimulated emission probe technique. Single legs of tetrapod species are isolated by a microscope objective, pumped by 267 nm pulses, and subjected to a time-delayed 400 nm optical injection pulse, which permits investigation of the ultrafast carrier dynamics in the nanosize materials. With the optical injection pulse included, a large increase in the stimulated emission at 400 nm occurs, which partially depletes the carriers at this wavelength and competes with the normal 390 nm lasing. At the 390 nm lasing wavelengths, the optical injection causes a decrease in the stimulated emission due to the energetic redistribution of the excited carrier depletion, which occurs considerably within the time scale of the subpicosecond duration of the injection pulse. The effects of the optical injection on the spectral gain are employed to probe the lasing dynamics, which shows that the full width at half maximum of the lasing time is 3 ps.