cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Abstract TMP16: Hypoperfusion Severity Is Associated With Poor Collaterals And Progresses Over Time

Background: We hypothesized that cerebral perfusion deficits are more severe in acute stroke patients with poor collaterals and that the severity would increase over time if reperfusion does not occur. Methods: This is a substudy of DEFUSE 2. Collaterals were assessed on conventional angiography and dichotomized as poor vs. good flow. DWI and PWI were performed before and within 12 hrs after endovascular therapy; PWI lesion volumes were determined using a Tmax>6sec threshold. The hypoperfusion ratio (HR) was calculated by determining the proportion of the PWI lesion that had severe Tmax delay (>10sec). Acute lesion growth was defined as the difference between the baseline and follow-up DWI volume. Part 1: In patients with an ICA or M1 occlusion we compared the HR to the collateral score. An ROC curve assessed whether the HR predicts the collateral score. Part 2: Among patients who did not experience early reperfusion, the difference between the baseline and follow-up HR was assessed and correlated with early infarct growth. Results: Part 1: Fifty six patients were eligible. Poor collateral flow was associated with larger baseline PWI lesion volume, p=0.012 and a higher HR compared to patients with good flow [median HR 45% (IQR: 35-52%) vs. 34% (IQR 14-41), p=0.003]. A HR > 41% predicted poor collateral flow with an AUC=0.73 (sensitivity 65%, specificity 78%, p=0.003). Part 2: Thirty two patients who did not achieve reperfusion were included; PWI Tmax >6sec lesions volumes at baseline and follow-up were similar (median volume 75 mL at both time points). The median HR at follow-up was significantly higher than baseline [46% IQR (34-65) vs. 40% (24-48), p=0.007; median difference = 13% (IQR: 3.5-17)]. Patients who had worsening of their HR between baseline and follow-up were more likely to experience early ischemic lesion growth (R=0.53, p=0.002). Conclusion: The size and severity of Tmax lesions are associated with angiographic collateral scores. Patients who have a high percentage of their PWI lesion comprised of severe Tmax delays are likely to have poor collaterals. When early reperfusion is not achieved, the severity of hypoperfusion progresses and this progression is associated with early infarct growth.
Whispering Gallery Mode Dip Sensor for Aqueous Sensing.

We report fabrication of a 4 mm thick, preassembled whispering gallery mode (WGM) sensor that can be repeatedly dipped into aqueous solutions and lifted. We built the viable photonic sensor assembly by bending an optical fiber by 90° and molding its tip into a sphere, thus, a long stem holding a submillimeter sensor at the end of a short arm of fiber, and positioning a pair of parallel cone-tipped tapers along the long stem so that the tips touch the sensor. Our sensor head is an optical fiber device just a few millimeters thick and yet has a sensitivity of the resonance wavelength shift comparable to the one obtained with conventional WGM sensors in a planar arrangement. Since dipping and lifting from the solution changes the temperature of the sensor, affecting the resonance wavelength, we enclosed a thermistor within the sensor head to monitor the temperature. We demonstrate that the resonance shift in repeated transfer of the sensor head between water and a solution of sucrose, after correction by the...
The Future of Democracy in Latin America

T mHERE is no reason for believing that political stability in Latin America is greater in the nineteen-fifties than it was a hundred years ago. Revolutions in the last 30 years have been as frequent, dictatorships as numerous, durable and oppres sive as they were a century ago. It may, of course, be argued that the reasons for instability have changed, and the contention may or may not be true. But the fact of revolution versus dictatorship has remained constant. It cannot even be said that the con temporary revolutions are less bloody or that the tyrannies are more humane. What happened in Colombia between I946 and 1954 is sufficient to disprove that thesis. Democratic government has remained an unfulfilled hope in spite of the many interesting constitutions that have been written during the last century. The aspiration to achieve the ideal of legality has failed. I shall seek here to suggest some reasons for the failure and to argue for a way out of the dilemma posed by the dream of representative democracy and the fact of revolution or dictatorship. Contemporary Latin American political difficulties cannot be divorced from their historical past. The Spanish tradition is authoritarian, bureaucratic and centralized. The tradition is to leave political responsibility to the government and expect it to do everything. The extreme individualism of the Spanish charac ter and the authoritarian tradition of the Spanish government seem to go hand in hand. The bureaucratic colonial administra tion controlled every agency of political administration-with the exception of the cabildo (township), and the township gov ernment was immersed in petty localisms. It was aristocratic in character and incompetent to become the base of a national gov ernment. The descendants of the Spaniards, the criollos, who led the independence movements, were inexperienced in politics and possessed no clear concepts of nationality. The nation was in the future, something to be forged, molded and solidified. This was true territorially as well as ideologically. There was either no American tradition to appeal to, or it was nebulous and fanciful -such as the attempt to resurrect the Incaic past. There was certainly a sense of identity of the American as against the Span
Plasma Actuators for Landing Gear Noise Reduction

A primary component of airframe noise on both takeoff and landing approach is due to the landing gear. The inherent bluff body characteristics of the landing gear give rise to large-scale flow separation that results in noise production through unsteady wake flow and large-scale vortex instability and deformation. In this paper the use of single dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuator technology for landing gear noise control is explored. Proof-of-concept experiments that use plasma actuators to create an effective "plasma fairing" which minimizes flow separation over the gear are presented. Nomenclature D = cylinder diameter D Re = Reynolds number based on cylinder diameter D St = Strouhal number based on cylinder diameter ∞ U = free stream velocity * b f = body force (per unit volume) vector φ = electric potential D λ = Debye length 0 e = electrical permittivity of free space
Type-aware transactions for faster concurrent code

It is often possible to improve a concurrent system's performance by leveraging the semantics of its datatypes. We build a new software transactional memory (STM) around this observation. A conventional STM tracks read- and write-sets of memory words; even simple operations can generate large sets. Our STM, which we call STO, tracks abstract operations on transactional datatypes instead. Parts of the transactional commit protocol are delegated to these datatypes' implementations, which can use datatype semantics, and new commit protocol features, to reduce bookkeeping, limit false conflicts, and implement efficient concurrency control. We test these ideas on the STAMP benchmark suite for STM applications and on our own prior work, the Silo high-performance in-memory database, observing large performance improvements in both systems.
Application of Evidence-based Nursing to the Time of Absolute Diet before Cardiac Catheterization of Children with Congenital Heart Disease

Objective To investigate the time application of evidence-based nursing in children with congenital heart disease who were absolutely dieted before cardiac catheterization.Methods We put forward clinical questions regarding children with congenital heart disease who were absolutely dieted before cardiac catheterization.Then using "cardiac catheterization" and "absolute diet" and "time" as ,we searched evidences from MEDLINE(1985-2004).Applied the program of evidence-based nursing to the study of 161 patients time before cardiac catheterization.Results Symptoms of the patients with hunger,crying,hypoglycemia and vomiting were significantly improved (P 0.05).Conclusion Evidence-based nursing provided the criticzed evaluation methods for the clinical nursing thinks,the best evidence for correcting the traditional nursing,and the scientific time management for the children with congenital heart disease before cardiac catheterization.
Establishment of a Dissociation Board to Analyze Alkaline Phosphatase in Children

Objective:To satisfy the request of trace analysis in the area of pediatrics,a dissociating board to separate serum from blood was developed and a new method which combines the dry and liquid chemistry to analyze alkaline phos-phatase(ALP) in children was established.Methods:Nylon meshwork,absorption layer,transporting layer,reaction layer,bottom board,upper cover and minor upper cover were processed,and then all the parts were assembled into a dissociating board.The dilute-solution was prepared.The chromogens substrate solution and the coloration solution were synthesized.ALP standard that activities were 200,250 and 300 U/L separately were assayed on the dissociating board.According to the color showed by the reaction layer,a contrast color plate was printed.Results :(1) The rapid serum dissociating board was completed.(2)A new method of semiquantitative assay of ALP was established.The new method showed accurately,repro-ducibility and stable.The color changes were with the variance of ALP activity accordingly.Conclusion:This dissociating board was manufactured with native materials.It is easier to manipulate.The reagent is stable.The result is interpreted easi-ly.The cost price is low.So the established new way to rapid trace analysis will be advantageous for diagnosing and treating rickets and calcipenia.
Research on the Mechanical Clamping Device in Hydraulic Pushing Equipment

The mechanical clamping device achieves enclasping of clamping device and steel rail locking effect by the wedge clamping on the both side of the steel rail,so as to provide thrust and pulling force action point for the cylinder of hydraulic moving equipment.The device has advantages of simple structure,reliable clamp,easy erection and high efficiency than other type device.In order to further optimize mechanical clamping device,the pressure and the friction coefficient of the wedge,the shell and the rail were emphatically analyzed.Combined experimental date,the reasonable angle of wedge and optimized design direction was applied.
A 16-week-old fetus with severe hydrops.

(1985). A 16-Week-Old Fetus with Severe Hydrops. Hospital Practice: Vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 45-48.
Tools for computing primary decompositions and applications to ideals associated to Bayesian networks

These notes, written for the CIMPA School on “Systems of polynomial equations” (Argentina, 2003), have two goals: to present the underlying ideas and tools for computing primary decompositions of ideals, and to apply these techniques to a recent interesting class of ideals related to statistics. Primary decompositions are an important notion both in algebraic geometry and for applications. There are several algorithms available (the two closest to what we present are [GTZ88] and [SY96]). A good overview of the state of the art is the paper [DGP99]. Primary decompositions, and related computations, such as finding minimal and associated primes, the radical of an ideal, and the equidimensional decomposition of an ideal, are all implemented in most specialized computer algebra systems, such as CoCoa ([CNR00]), Macaulay 2 ([GS]), and Singular ([GPS01]). Several years ago, these algorithms and their implementations could handle only very small examples. Now, with improved implementations, and more efficient computers, larger ideals can be handled. However, if the number of indeterminates is large, the implemented algorithms often are unable to find a primary decomposition, or even to find the minimal primes. This is the case for many of the ideals associated to Bayesian networks that we consider here. Our first goal in these lectures is to describe some basic methods for manipulating components of an ideal. We put these together into an algorithm for primary decomposition, but, we hope that some of the students will have ideas about novel ways to combine these techniques to a more efficient algorithm! Our second goal is to define some interesting ideals, called Markov ideals, associated to a Bayesian network. In applications, Bayesian networks have been used in many ways, e.g. in machine learning, in vision and speech recognition, in attempting to reconstruct gene regulatory networks, and in the analysis of DNA micro-array data. These Markov ideals provide a striking link between multivariate statistics and algebra and geometry. In these lectures, we do little more than provide a glimpse into this very interesting and potentially powerful relationship. Here is one short glimpse: hidden variables in some Markov models correspond to secant loci of Segre embeddings of products of projective spaces (see [GSS] for details). Although this relationship is not yet in these notes, if there is time, we will discuss it at CIMPA, as it is related to some of the computational tools we will cover.
The history and current applications of the circular economy concept

Abstract The challenges of balancing industrial development, environmental and human health, and economic growth in China and elsewhere in the world are drivers for recent resource use and low-carbon development strategies that include the application of the circular economy (CE) concept. A central theme of the CE concept is the valuation of materials within a closed-looped system with the aim to allow for natural resource use while reducing pollution or avoiding resource constraints and sustaining economic growth. The objectives of this study are (1) to review the history of the CE concept to provide a context for (2) a critical examination of how it is applied currently. Thematic categories are used to organize the literature review results including policy instruments and approaches; value chains, material flows, and products; and technology, organizational, and social innovation. The literature review illustrates the variability in CE project success and failure over time and by region. CE successes, key challenges, and research gaps are identified. The literature review results provide useful information for researchers as well as multi-stakeholder groups who seek to define the CE concept in practical terms, and to consider potential challenges and opportunities it presents when implemented.
Targeted attack: mechanisms by which ovarian cancers suppress the immune system

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the seventh most common cancer diagnosis among women worldwide and has the highest mortality rate of all gynecologic malignancies (1). In the United States, EOC is the fifth most common cause of cancer deaths among women (2). Despite improvements in treatment, 5-year survival rates of patients with advanced ovarian cancer remain less than 50% (3,4) because the majority of patients present with late stage disease (5). Thus, the identification of novel biomarkers and the development of innovative therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. It has been well established that evading immune surveillance is critical for tumor growth and metastasis, and other groups have shown that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression is inversely correlated with survival in ovarian cancer patients (6,7). Therefore, we investigated the effects of ovarian cancer-associated VEGF on CD1d-mediated antigen presentation to natural killer T (NKT) cells (8). We found that inhibition of VEGF production by ovarian cancer cell lines led to a reduction in the expression of the immunosuppressive ganglioside GD3 and restored NKT cell activation. Thus, we identified a novel link between immunosuppressive ganglioside shedding and VEGF production by ovarian cancers.
Co-solvent and Complexation Systems

Co-solvent and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based solubilization techniques for the delivery of poorly soluble drugs are discussed in this chapter. The properties of excipients and the physicochemical principles are presented for formulating each type of the solubilized formulations. Co-solvents are commonly used in combination with surface-active solubilizers to increase the solubilizing capacity and to improve the in vivo emulsification of self-emulsifying formulations. In PEG-based delivery systems, drug is either dispersed as micronized crystalline particles (via the formation of eutectic mixtures) or present in its amorphous state. Improvement in absorption from a PEG matrix is due to (1) fast dissolution rate of drug from the dosage forms and (2) higher transient solubility of the drug substance in gastrointestinal tract.
Parallel actuation and independent addressing of many bubble microrobots

Twenty-four bubble microrobots were opto-thermally actuated in parallel. The bubble microrobots were independently controlled by a computer-generated holographic (CGH) control system. This work demonstrates the actuation of many microrobots that are capable of performing an assigned task such as micro-assembly with increased throughput. To the best knowledge of the authors, these are the most microrobots independently actuated in parallel to date.
Factorization of Force and Timing in Sensorimotor Performance: Long‐Range Correlation Properties of Two Different Task Goals

Long-range correlations are often manifested in the form of 1/fβ noise in a series of repeated measurements of the same neural or behavioral variable. Recent work has demonstrated that the magnitude and nature of these long-range correlations reliably capture individual differences and variation in task performance. In sensorimotor timing experiments, task characteristics such as tapping or circle drawing affect these long-range correlations during the production of isochronous time intervals. Such correlations are highly reproducible across multiple trials for the same task but do not correlate between tasks. In the present experiment, we investigate whether two behavioral variables that are simultaneously controlled by the same participant in a given experimental condition can show such differentially organized fluctuations. In order to answer this question, 13 participants were asked to produce repetitive movements with their right index finger at a specified time interval (500 ms) and a specified force (8N) in the absence of an auditory metronome and visual feedback of force levels following a synchronization-continuation paradigm. Although participants showed high levels of consistency in the long-range correlations for each task component separately over multiple trials/observations, the long-range fluctuations for force and timing were found to show no correlations with each other for each participant. Cross recurrence quantification analyses (CRQA) revealed that there was limited shared structure between the timing and force time series data. Taken together, these results suggest that complex systems can organize multiple processes in a relatively independent manner while maintaining a high degree of reliability within one task parameter.
Development of a formation mechanism for M41S materials

1. Summary The influence of surfactant/silica molar ratio(Sur/Si) in M41S syntheses was studied in the simple synthesis system consisting of tetraethylorthosilicate(TEOS), water, and the cetyltrimethylammonium(CTMA) cation at 100°C. As the Sur/Si increased from 0.5 to 2, the siliceous products obtained were identified and could be classified into four separate groups: MCM-4 1(hexagonal), MCM-48(cubic), thermally unstable M4 1 S, and a molecular species, the organic octamer [(CTMA)SiO2, 5]8. One of the thermally unstable structures has been identified as a lamellar phase. These results are consistent with micellar phase transformations that occur at various surfactant concentrations and reinforce the concept that micelle structures serve as templating agents for the formation of M41S type materials.
The Use of Membrane Diffusion as a Tool for Separating and Characterizing Naturally Occurring Polymers

The principle of a sieve for grading or separating very large particles from smaller ones seems too simple and obvious a procedure to merit discussion before a scientific audience. In contrast, however, when an attempt is made to sieve very small particles — those in the dimension range of relatively small molecules — an overall problem is presented which is well worth discussing before even the most sophisticated audience, because it touches on so many phenomena rather poorly understood yet so important to membrane technology and biochemistry. Perhaps a good way to begin a discussion of the sieving potential of membranes will be to consider some of the reasons a sieving process becomes so complicated with very small particles of molecular dimensions.
Community interventions and the epidemic prevention potential

Evaluation of community-level effects of intervention programs in infectious diseases is receiving increased attention. In this paper, we consider evaluation of the community-level effectiveness measures on the example of vaccination of children against influenza. We introduce the concept of the epidemic prevention potential (EPP) as a measure of the ability of an intervention to either prevent transmission or at least to keep it below a pre-defined limit. As a concept to describe the general ability of an intervention to limit outbreaks to a certain defined size, the term EPP fills a void. We constructed a stochastic simulation model of influenza transmission and vaccination in a structured community to illustrate the effectiveness measures of interest and the epidemic prevention potential. The concepts are general and could be applied to other interventions, such as antivirals and quarantine.
Evaluation of the Microbial Safety and Quality of Louisiana Strawberries after Flooding

Abstract Adverse weather such as flooding affects Louisiana strawberry production. Floodwater is an ideal medium for the growth of foodborne pathogens and may cause contamination of soil, water, and fresh produce. To evaluate the microbial safety of strawberries after flooding, four flooding scenarios were investigated. Five raised beds were exposed to a simulated flood event. Treatments included High Flood High Contamination (HFHC), High Flood Low Contamination (HFLC), Low Flood High Contamination (LFHC), Low Flood Low Contamination (LFLC) and a Control (C). High flood groups (HF) were exposed to 890 L of floodwater where strawberries were fully submerged, while low flood groups (LF) were exposed to 600 L of floodwater where strawberries did not come into direct contact with the floodwater. Three strains of generic Escherichia coli were spiked into the floodwater to establish a baseline population of approximately 106 colony forming units per liter (CFU/L) (high contamination) and 102 CFU/L (low contamination). Strawberry plants in all treatments were flooded for 4 h until floodwater receded. Strawberries were harvested when mature and sampled during shelf-life at 4 °C at 0, 48, 96, and 144 h. Soil samples were collected in the field every 48 h for one week. Even though the generic E. coli was not detected (
Tebuconazole reduces basal oxidative respiration and promotes anxiolytic responses and hypoactivity in early-staged zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Abstract Triazole fungicides are increasingly used in North America to combat mold and fungi, in order to protect vegetables, citrus, ornamental plants and field crops. To determine the biological impacts of tebuconazole in non-target aquatic organisms, early life stage zebrafish were exposed to 0.1–100 μM tebuconazole for 120 h (5 dpf). There was a significant increase in mortality over time and at 100 μM, only 50% of the animals survived 96 h compared to >95% for all other experimental groups. There was evidence for increased hatching time with 10 μM tebuconazole compared to the control group (~7 h longer at 50% total hatch) or a lack of hatch observed with 100 μM. Oxidative respiration and behavior were evaluated to assess whether the fungicide impaired energy-associated processes. Oxygen consumption rates in embryos (exposed from ~6 hpf) were determined with exposure to 2.5, 25, 50, 100 μM tebuconazole for 24 h using the XFe24 Extracellular Flux Analyzer. Embryos treated with 100 μM showed a ~60% reduction in basal respiration, indicating impaired oxygen consumption and/or changes in resource allocation (e.g. anti-oxidant production, metabolite synthesis). Environmentally-relevant concentrations of tebuconazole did not affect oxidative phosphorylation. As behavior is a sensitive endpoint for toxicity, we measured the dark photokinesis response and conducted a light-dark preference test in 6 dpf larvae following a sub-chronic exposure to 0.1, 1 and 10 μM tebuconazole beginning with 6 hpf embryos. It was observed in two independent experiments for dark photokinesis that 10 μM tebuconazole reduced total distance moved (i.e. hypoactivity) in the dark period by ~25–35%. In the light-dark preference test, there was an increase for mean time in dark zone (~100% increase in the average time/visits per second) and frequency in dark zone (increase of ~35% in average number of visits) with tebuconazole, suggestive of anxiolytic behavior at environmentally-relevant doses. This study demonstrates that exposure to tebuconazole can affect survival, hatch time, oxidative phosphorylation, and behavioral activity of early-staged zebrafish. While survival, hatch time, and mitochondrial bioenergetics were not different than control fish at environmentally-relevant levels of tebuconazole, behavioral responses were detected at concentrations reported in some aquatic environments.
Nonsinusoidal angular dependence of FMR-driven spin current across an antiferromagnet in Y 3 F e 5 O 12 / NiO / Pt trilayers

The out-of-plane angular (${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{\mathrm{H}}$) dependence of the inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) voltage (${V}_{\mathrm{ISHE}}$) generated by spin pumping has been investigated in ${\mathrm{Y}}_{3}\mathrm{F}{\mathrm{e}}_{5}{\mathrm{O}}_{12}$ (YIG)/NiO/Pt trilayers. A simple sinusoidal angular dependence of ${V}_{\mathrm{ISHE}}$ has been viewed as a signature of spin pumping. Surprisingly, we observe an extensive plateau in the ${V}_{\mathrm{ISHE}}$ vs ${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{\mathrm{H}}$ plots with a pronounced peak feature at ${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{\mathrm{H}}\ensuremath{\sim}{45}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$ to ${60}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$ when the measurement temperature is close to the N\'eel temperature $({T}_{\mathrm{N}})$ of NiO. This phenomenon can be understood as arising from the competition between the exchange coupling at the YIG/NiO interface, the easy-plane and in-plane easy-axis anisotropies of NiO, and the effect of the applied magnetic field. While insulating antiferromagnetic films can efficiently transmit spin currents and show promise for integration in spintronic devices, the underlying physics of spin ordering and dynamics is richer than currently understood.
Competition, business cycles, and price flexibility in grocery stores

Abstract We study how local competition affects price flexibility over the business cycle using a nationally representative US scanner database covering 2001 to 2011. We find that the entry of a grocery store has no significant effect on the frequency of price change at incumbent grocers in the same zip code, but the entry of a Walmart results in more frequent price changes. Looking across time, price change frequency increases during expansions and decreases during downturns; however, all else being equal, the presence of a Walmart mitigates much of this cyclical behavior, compared to other grocery store competitors that have no differential effect across the business cycle.
PCSK9 Inhibition in Patients with Heart Transplantation: A Case Series

PCSK9 inhibitors are potent low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-lowering medications. There is a lack of data regarding safety and efficacy of PCSK9 inhibitors in cardiac transplant patients. In this case series, we provide data supporting the low-density lipoprotein-lowering efficacy and short-term safety of PCSK9 inhibitors in three cardiac transplant patients.
Schutz’s Theory of Phenomenological Psychology

First the source in Husserl and the role of phenomenological psychology for Schutz of clarifying various aspects of the foundations of the cultural sciences are sketched and then the science-theory for such a psychology is explicated from Schutz’s oeuvre.
ACT: An Evidence-Based Macro Framework to Examine How Communication Approaches Can Change Social Norms Around Female Genital Mutilation

Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a complex harmful traditional practice associated with prevalent social norms. Yet, there is a lack of social norms focused conceptual and measurement frameworks to assess the impact of social and behavior change communication-based interventions towards ending the practice of FGM. This manuscript describes the development of an evidence-based macro framework to measure FGM behavior and social norms change over time. ACT is an acronym for the different sections of the framework: 1) Assess What People Know, Feel, and Do; 2) Ascertain Normative Factors; 3) Consider the Context, Especially Gender and Power; 4) Collect Information on Social Networks and Support; 5) Track Individual and Social Change Over Time; and 6) Triangulate All Data Analysis. ACT takes a social-ecological perspective to change and was constructed using various social norms theories, both in general and specific to FGM. Subsequently, meetings were held with social norms and FGM field experts across the world to further refine the framework. The ACT framework includes a menu of constructs, indicators, methods, and tools that can be adapted according to available resources, the local context, and research limitations. Both qualitative and participatory quantitative methods are described. Descriptions of the steps necessary to measure social norms change with regard to FGM through monitoring and evaluation are included. The ACT framework allows for change to be directly linked to the communication approaches used by interventions through attribution and contribution using indicators to measure outputs, short-term outcomes, and exposure. Triangulation is built into the ACT framework to facilitate validation, enrichment, and holistic interpretation of data, as well as creating a feedback loop. ACT is currently being validated in two countries in Africa in which FGM is practiced to different extents. Next steps are discussed.
AB1069 CONSIDERATION OF YAO SYNDROME AS A DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS FOR HEREDITARY PERIODIC FEVER SYNDROMES

Background: Yao syndrome (YAOS, OMIM 617321), formerly termed nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2(NOD2)-associated autoinflammatory disease, is characterized by periodic fever, dermatitis, arthritis, and swelling of the distal extremities, as well as gastrointestinal and sicca-like symptoms. This disorder shares similar clinical phenotypes with hereditary periodic fever syndromes (HPFS) and thus can mimic one another. Objectives: This study aimed to exemplify by a comparison of YAOS vs familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). Methods: In this retrospective study, electronic medical records of a series of patients with YAOS were analyzed. All patients underwent genetic testing for periodic fever syndrome 6-gene panel (MEFV, TNFRSF1A, NLRP3, MVK, NLRP12 and NOD2). Results: All patients were Caucasian and had recurrent fever, patchy erythema, arthralgia, and gastrointestinal symptoms (Table 1). With negative DNA sequencing for MEFV, these patients were treated with colchicine for presumed FMF, with a good response in patient 2 and minimal or transient response in other two patients. Further genetic testing identified the NOD2 variants. Unlike HPFS, YAOS is generally sporadic and is mostly reported in adults; spongiotic dermatitis is common; YAOS is associated with the NOD2 variants, IVS8 + 158 in nearly all patients, IVS8 + 158/R702W in up to 30%, and IVS8 + 158/1007fs, G908R or other rarer NOD2 variants in some patients. Conclusion: YAOS can masquerade HPFS like FMF. Molecular analysis should cover NOD2 whole gene sequencing to help distinguish these diseases. References: [1]Yao Q, et al. Dermatitis as a characteristic phenotype of a new autoinflammatory disease associated with NOD2 mutations. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2013;68(4):624-31. Trueb B, et al. Coincidence of NOD2-Associated Autoinflammatory Disease (Yao Syndrome) and HCV Infection With Fatal Consequences: Interaction Between Genes and Environment. J Clin Rheumatol. 2018 Dec 28. doi: 10.1097/RHU.0000000000000963. [Epub ahead of print]. China [2]Yao Q. Research letter: Effectiveness of canakinumab for the treatment of Yao syndrome patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2019. [3]Yao Q, Shen M, McDonald C, Lacbawan F, Moran R, Shen B. NOD2-associated autoinflammatory disease: a large cohort study. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2015;54(10):1904-12. [4]Yao Q, Shen B. A Systematic Analysis of Treatment and Outcomes of NOD2-Associated Autoinflammatory Disease. Am J Med. 2017;130(3):365 e13- e18. [5]McDonald C, et al. Alterations in nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-2 expression, pathway activation, and cytokine production in Yao syndrome. Autoimmunity. 2018;51(2):53-61. Acknowledgments: The author is thankful to the statistician, Ms. Erin Taub for her help with making the table. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
Centralized UAV Swarm Formation Estimation with Relative Bearing Measurements and Unreliable GPS

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are used in a variety of tasks from package delivery to infrastructure inspection. In these situations UAVs typically rely on GPS signals to measure their current position. When operating in certain locations, like within urban canyons or where GPS signals are being disrupted, UAVs need alternate means to estimate their position and avoid collision. Current techniques include using LIDAR or camera measurements to detect nearby UAV and other objects. This paper presents a centralized Extended Kalman filter where the states of a UAV swarm are estimated using line of sight measurements from a camera. A single UAV is assumed to be able to receive sporadic GPS measurements but that information is able to propagate through the swarm via the relative measurements. Other research has shown that camera measurements can be used in a leader-follower situation but the contribution of this work is applying camera measurements to a swarm setting. The results show that this method does allow for the GPS denied UAVs to maintain a reasonable estimate of their state. Additionally, the availability of the line of sight measurements is adjusted and the change in state estimation accuracy is seen to depend primarily on the formation geometry. These results allow designers to gauge what measurement frequency is necessary to support a desired level of state estimation.
Shock formation and vorticity creation for 3d Euler

We analyze the shock formation process for the 3d non-isentropic Euler equations with the ideal gas law, in which sounds waves interact with entropy waves to produce vorticity. Building on our theory for isentropic flows in [3,4], we give a constructive proof of shock formation from smooth initial data. Specifically, we prove that there exist smooth solutions to the non-isentropic Euler equations which form a generic stable shock with explicitly computable blowup time, location, and direction. This is achieved by establishing the asymptotic stability of a generic shock profile in modulated self-similar variables, controlling the interaction of wave families via: (i) pointwise bounds along Lagrangian trajectories, (ii) geometric vorticity structure, and (iii) high-order energy estimates in Sobolev spaces.
The Interplay Between Positive and Negative Parenting and Children’s Negative Affect on Callous-Unemotional Traits

Callous-unemotional (CU) traits, which include the lack of guilt, lack of empathy, unemotionality, are widely considered a developmental precursor to psychopathic traits and criminal behavior in adulthood. Although parenting-based interventions have been indicated for children with high CU traits, studies on the relationship between parenting and CU traits have produced mixed findings. We hypothesized that children’s temperament, particularly their negative affect, may modulate the association between negative (e.g., harsh discipline) and positive (e.g., positive reinforcement) parenting behavior and CU traits in children. This study examined the interactions between child negative affect and positive and negative dimensions of parenting behavior as they pertained to children’s CU traits (i.e., total scores, callousness, uncaring, and unemotionality), measured via Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU). Using a cross-sectional sample of N = 201 5–6 year-old children, we found that positive parenting was negatively associated with total CU scores, whereas negative parenting was positively associated. Furthermore, negative parenting behavior was associated with higher levels of children’s CU (specifically, on the uncaring dimension of the ICU), but only among children with high negative affect. Results provide preliminary evidence that high children’s negative affect may increase their sensitivity to negative parenting behaviors as it pertains to CU, and the uncaring dimension specifically. Clinical and treatment implications are discussed.
Sparse Activity Detection in Cell-Free Massive MIMO systems

We investigate the sparse activity detection problem in cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems in this paper. With the approximate message passing (AMP) algorithm, the received pilot signals at the access points (APs) are decomposed into independent circularly symmetric complex Gaussian noise corrupted components. By using the minimum mean-squared error (MMSE) denoiser during the AMP procedure, we obtain a threshold detection rule, and analytically describe the noise covariance matrix of the corrupted components via the state evolution equations, which is helpful for the performance analysis of the detection rule. Using the law of large numbers, it can be shown that the error probability of this threshold detection rule tends to zero when the number of APs, pilots and users tend to infinity while the ratio of the number of pilots and users is kept constant. Numerical results show that the error probability decreases while the number of APs increases, corroborating our theoretical analysis. In addition, we investigate the relationship between the error probability of the threshold detection rule and the number of symbols used for pilot transmissions during each channel coherence interval via numerical results.
Medicine in Motion: Addressing Physician Burnout Through Fitness, Philanthropy, and Interdisciplinary Community Building:

Physician burnout is a public health crisis. Although recent studies underscore its prevalence, there are few rigorous studies examining its prevention, especially among medical students and reside...
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy

Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative disease that was first described approximately 50 years ago in 1964. When first described, PSP was thought to have a unique clinical presentation characterised by loss of balance leading to early falls, slowness of movements, stiffness of muscles and loss of the ability to voluntarily move the eyes up and down. Subsequently, it has been recognised that patients who have died and have shown microscopic changes in the brain consistent with PSP had other clinical presentations not involving balance, falls or eye movement problems. The term PSP is, therefore, now best reserved for pathological diagnosis. There have been numerous advances in our understanding of PSP, including the fact that patients with PSP can have many different clinical presentations. In this review, we will focus on the pathological, clinical, neuroimaging and genetic characteristics of PSP. Key Concepts Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a pathological diagnosis. The cause of PSP is unknown but is thought to be related to abnormal hyperphosphorylated 4R tau. PSP can present as one of many different clinical syndromes. Impaired balance with early falls and vertical eye movement problems are highly predictive of PSP pathology. Atrophy of the premotor cortex, midbrain and superior cerebellar peduncle are the main MRI findings in PSP. There is some evidence that PSP could have genetic underpinnings. Keywords: supranuclear; tau; tufted astrocytes; pimple sign; midbrain; superior cerebellar peduncle; apraxia of speech; corticobasal syndrome
Hot carrier multiplication in plasmonic photocatalysis

Light-induced hot carriers derived from the surface plasmons of metal nanostructures have been shown to be highly promising agents for photocatalysis. While both nonthermal and thermalized hot carriers can potentially contribute to this process, their specific role in any given chemical reaction has generally not been identified. Here, we report the observation that the H2–D2 exchange reaction photocatalyzed by Cu nanoparticles is driven primarily by thermalized hot carriers. The external quantum yield shows an intriguing S-shaped intensity dependence and exceeds 100% for high light intensities, suggesting that hot carrier multiplication plays a role. A simplified model for the quantum yield of thermalized hot carriers reproduces the observed kinetic features of the reaction, validating our hypothesis of a thermalized hot carrier mechanism. A quantum mechanical study reveals that vibrational excitations of the surface Cu–H bond is the likely activation mechanism, further supporting the effectiveness of low-energy thermalized hot carriers in photocatalyzing this reaction.
Health psychology in Jamaica: a qualitative analysis

As counselling psychology trainees graduate and often serve in health psychology roles or use health psychology theory-guided interventions in their practice and research, training opportunities or...
M&A Advisor Misconduct: A Wrong Without a Remedy?

Merger and acquisition ("M&A") transactions are among the most high profile of corporate transactions. They are also among the most contentious, with around eighty percent of all completed deals litigated in recent years. And yet investment banks—essential advisors on these deals—have generally succeeded spectacularly in avoiding liability, an anomaly considering the routine nature of deal litigation and the frequency with which they face lawsuits in their other activities. This article examines this anomaly, explaining the doctrinal and practical reasons why it arises. In doing so, it puts in context aiding and abetting liability, a recently-successful shareholder strategy to bring M&A advisors to heel. The article shows how this litigation strategy—a direct action by shareholders alleging secondary liability against the corporation's M&A advisor based on the underlying wrong of directors—may delicately side-step the traditional obstacles. This strategy has succeeded on occasion, provoking widespread alarm in the investment banking community—but the strategy marks only a modest increase in liability risk for M&A advisors. In fact, the liability framework for M&A advisors remains piecemeal and unlikely to be effective in deterring M&A advisor misconduct. The article concludes by examining reform options, arguing in favor of greater industry self- regulation.
‘The dead dancer’s DDI’: Hervé Guibert, remedy, contaminant, and getting it down

This essay examines, and associates with the techniques of his North American New Narrative contemporaries, two principal qualities of Herve Guibert’s last three books of lifewriting that chronicle...
Increasing exercise adherence among elderly patients with chronic disease in primary care: a prospective cohort study.

Currently, the evidence for exercise in maintaining health, well-being, and physical functioning is overwhelming. Despite these benefits, more than 50% of the population fails to meet the recommended exercise requirements for age and health status. In our study, we sought to provide a method to increase exercise adherence that was both effective and time-efficient for physicians and their patients. The primary objective of this research study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a graded exercise protocol and biweekly monitoring on increasing the duration of aerobic exercise to 150 min per week in a population of elderly individuals with chronic disease. Secondarily, we evaluated for improvement in resting heart rate, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), and cardiorespiratory fitness. The overall study design was a randomized, prospective cohort study with assessor blinding. Forty-five patients aged ≥60 years with multiple comorbidities were recruited from the Internal Medicine Clinic at Wright-Patterson AFB. Participants were randomized into a treatment or control arm and observed over a period of 34 weeks. Those in the treatment arm were given a graded walking protocol and received biweekly phone calls to evaluate compliance. Those in the control arm did not receive an intervention or biweekly monitoring. Measurements of heart rate, blood pressure, and BMI were taken quarterly in both groups. At the beginning and conclusion of the study, each participant completed a modified Balke treadmill test and Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE). Continuous variables were evaluated with the independent samples t-test, whereas categorical variables were evaluated with the chi-squared test. A greater percentage of the treatment group achieved the primary outcome (41.6% vs. 0%; p = 0.003). Those in the treatment group also had favorable improvements in heart rate response (− 2.4 beats/min vs. + 5.3 beats/min; p = 0.038) and PASE (+ 66 vs.-20; p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed between groups for mean change in heart rate, blood pressure, or BMI. Guided, independent exercise and surveillance can be an effective tool in primary care practice to help patients reach the recommended levels of exercise for both age and health status.
P. Lévy’s Theory of Brownian Local Time

This chapter is an in-depth study of the Brownian local time first encountered in Section 3.6. Our approach to this subject is motivated by the desire to perform computations. This is manifested by the inclusion of the conditional Laplace transform formulas of D. Williams (Subsections 6.3.B, 6.4.C), the derivation of the joint density of Brownian motion, its local time at the origin and its occupation time of the positive half-line (Subsection 6.3.C), and the computation of the transition density for Brownian motion with two-valued drift (Section 6.5). This last computation arises in the problem of controlling the drift of a Brownian motion, within prescribed bounds, so as to keep the controlled process near the origin.
Electroweak physics prospects for CDF in Run II

The CDF collaboration will vigorously pursue a comprehensive program of electroweak physics during Run II at the Tevatron based strongly on the successful Run I program. The Run IIa integrated luminosity goal of 2 fb¯1 will lead to a CDF dataset twenty times larger than that collected in Run I. In addition, an increase in the energy of the colliding beams from \( \sqrt {s} = 1.80{\text{ }}TeV {\text{to }}\sqrt {s} = 1.96{\text{ }}TeV \) for Run II provides a 10% increase in the W and Z boson production cross sections and a corresponding enlargement of the electroweak event samples. In the near term, CDF expects to collect a dataset with 2-3 times the integrated luminosity of Run I by September of 2003.