cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Dominant p110α activation in endometrial cancer.

A251 [Objectives] The phosphatidylinositol 3’-kinase (PI3K) pathway is activated in many human cancers and is of great interest for targeted cancer therapy. Class I PI3Ks contain four isoforms of the catalytic subunit (p110α, β, and δ for class IA and p110γ for class IB). To date, most of available p110 inhibitors, such as wortmannin and LY294002, act on the majority of PI3Ks. However, isoform selective PI3K inhibitors, which have been reported recently, might be more useful and less toxic for cancer therapy, if the PI3K pathway is activated by specific p110 isoform(s). In endometrial carcinoma, we previously reported the high ratio of PTEN mutations (37/66=56%), PIK3CA (p110α) mutations (24/66=36%) and double mutations of PTEN/PIK3CA (17/66=26%). To elucidate if the PI3K pathway is activated by specific p110 isoform(s), we examined the effect of a panel of p110 isoform-selective inhibitors in endometrial cancer cell lines. [Experimental procedures] We screened the entire coding region of 12 endometrial carcinoma cell lines for mutations of PTEN and PIK3CA. We applied four compounds for selective inhibition of p110 isoform(s), in addition to wortmannin and LY294002. These include the selective p110β inhibitor TGX-286, the selective p110δ inhibitor PIK39, PIK85, which selectively inhibits p110α, γ and δ, and pan-selective p110 inhibitor PI-103. We added these compounds in the culture media of each endometrial cancer cell line at 0.5uM, 2uM and 10uM, and incubated those cells for three hours. We assessed inhibition of PI3K signaling with the level of phosphorylation of Akt (Ser473) and Akt substrates (GSK3β at Ser9, S6 at Ser235/236, FoxO1 at Thr24 and FoxO3a at Thr32). [Results] Of 12 endometrial carcinoma cell lines, we found six cell lines with PIK3CA mutations and nine with PTEN mutations, including five with double mutations of PIK3CA/PTEN. All 10 cell lines with PIK3CA and/or PTEN mutations showed high level of p-Akt (Ser473) by Western blotting, and were examined with p110 selective inhibitors. Eight of 10 cell lines were resistant to TGX-286 (p110β selective) and PIK39 (p110δ selective), but sensitive to PIK85 and PI-103. Also, we confirmed that p110γ expression was undetectable by RT-PCR. These data suggest that p110α is dominantly activated in these eight cell lines (group A). The other two cell lines (group B) were partly sensitive to PIK85 with partial sensitivity to either TGX-286 or PIK39. As for PIK3CA/PTEN status, all six cell lines with PIK3CA mutations belonged to group A, regardless of PTEN status. Two out of four PTEN mutant cells with wild-type PIK3CA belonged to group A, and the other two to group B. [Conclusions] In endometrial carcinomas, p110α is dominantly activated in 80% (and at least partly activated in 100%) cell lines with PIK3CA and/or PTEN mutations. Our data indicate that p110α selective inhibitor may be a good candidate for targeted cancer therapy in endometrial carcinomas with high PI3K pathway through PIK3CA and/or PTEN mutations.
Neutron and Raman Spectroscopes of 134 and 134a Hydrofluorocarbons Encaged in Na-X Zeolite

There is an impetus to develop replacement refrigerants for chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) due to increasing concerns for the damage that the ozone-depleting CFCs present to the environment. Economically viable synthesis and separation routes remain a critical issue in the pathway to commercialization of many of the most promising new refrigerants. Key to the development of advanced production methods is the role of surface chemistry in both the synthesis and separation steps. Although an enormous effort has been given to the development of environmentally benign refrigerants such as hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), there is still much to be learned about their properties, chemistry, and interactions with surfaces of solids. Inelastic neutron scattering methods were used in conjunction with Raman spectroscopy to probe the vibrational density of states of the hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) 134 (HF{sub 2}C-CF{sub 2}H) and 134a (F{sub 3}C-CFH{sub 2}) adsorbed in the cages of dehydrated Na-X zeolite. A comparison of the vibrational spectra of the encaged HFC species with those of their gas-phase analogs indicates that the HFCs adsorb nondissociatively at room temperature and are most likely associated with Na cations in the supercages at the S{sub III} sites. Guest-host interactions are manifested by adsorption-induced perturbations of the gas-phase torsional and C-H stretchingmore » vibrations and the presence of additional features presumably due to low-energy whole-molecule vibrations and adsorbate-coupled zeolite framework vibrations. Moreover, although the 134 trans conformer is favored by 5 kJ/mole in the gas phase at 300 K, the gauche conformer seems to be more prevalent in the zeolite at this temperature and below. This suggests that a sizeable fraction of the Na-X adsorption sites provides a stabilizing configuration for the otherwise higher-energy gauche conformation, perhaps due to hydrogen-bonding interactions with the zeolite framework.« less
Homophobic grammar: The role of transitivity and phoricity in homophobic formation

This study analyzes a historical example of how participants in military policy formation within the US Senate harnessed lexicogrammatical resources to legitimate queer exclusion from military service. Intended as a conceptual rather than definitive study, I analyze text taken from a US Senate hearing related to the implementation of ‘Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell’ (repealed in 2011). The investigation focuses on how transitivity and phoricity are drawn on to produce homophobic formations. My findings indicate that the text exhibits a process of lexicogrammatical selection that enables homophobic formation to unfold at the discourse-semantic level. I then explore how lexicogrammatical and discourse-semantic choice-making flows from the social practice of which the text is part, which in turn reflects the ideological structures that configure the practice. I conclude the paper with a brief discussion of my preliminary findings’ implications in terms of analyzing homophobic formation.
Comparison of Controlled Attenuation Parameter and Liver Biopsy to Assess Hepatic Steatosis in Pediatric Patients.

Objective To assess whether the degree of steatosis as determined by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) measurements correlates with that observed on liver biopsies in a single-center pediatric and young adult cohort. Study design This cross-sectional study included patients undergoing liver biopsy as part of standard clinical care between January 25, 2012, and April 1, 2015, at Boston Children's Hospital. Eligible patients, with a variety of liver diseases, had CAP measurements within 1 year of biopsy. CAP values were compared across histologic steatosis grades using ANOVA. Results Sixty-nine patients (mean age, 16.0 ± 2.9 years; 62% male) were studied. CAP measurements were obtained at a median of 1.3 months (IQR, 0.5-3.2) after biopsy. Of the 69 subjects, 23 had steatosis on biopsy. Mean CAP value (dB/m) for subjects with no steatosis was 198 ± 37 vs 290 ± 47 for subjects with steatosis ( P P P P = .004). Conclusion This study demonstrated a difference in CAP between no steatosis and steatosis, and between grades of steatosis. CAP may be a useful noninvasive tool to detect hepatic steatosis in children.
Digital/Analog Hybrid Real-Time Simulation System and Its Application in Study on Ultra-High Voltage AC/DC Power Grid

The structure and simulation test procedures of real-time digital/analog hybrid simulation system located in State Grid Simulation Center as well as its application in simulation research on UHV AC/DC hybrid power grid are presented. This simulation system includes corresponding digital models,physical simulative devices and interfacing devices,among them the HVDC power transmission analog system model contains such simulative devices whose characteristics are about the same as the characteristics of actual HVDC power transmission system and possess control and protection devices identical to those for actual HVDC project. The processing procedures of many links and related principles,such as the equivalent simplification of original power grid,the decision of proportion of the simulative devices to original power grid,the establishment of simulative test model and so on,are expounded. Taking the real-time simulation research on first-phase construction of Jinshajiang hydropower project and Jinping UHVDC power transmission for example,the test results of digital/analog hybrid simulation system are given and compared with off-line calculation results of the same project,comparison shows that the simulation results are basically identical. Thus,the test results of real-time simulation system are available for technical reference in the planning of UHV AC/DC hybrid power grid.
Structural, electrochemical and photophysical properties of an exocyclic di-ruthenium complex and its application as a photosensitizer

The reaction of cis-bis(2,2′-bipyridine)dichlororuthenium(II) hydrate with a conformationally mobile bipyridyl macrocycle afforded [(bpy)2Ru(μ-L)Ru(bpy)2]Cl4·6H2O, a bridged di-Ru complex. Single crystal X-ray diffraction showed the macrocyclic ligand adopting a bowl-like structure with the exo-coordinated Ru(II) centers separated by 7.29 A. Photophysical characterization showed that the complex absorbs in the visible region (λmax = 451 nm) with an emission maximum at 610 nm (τ = 706 ns, ΦPL = 0.021). Electrochemical studies indicate the di-Ru complex undergoes three one-electron reversible reductions and a reversible one-electron oxidation process. This electrochemical reversibility is a key characteristic for its use as an electron transfer agents. The complex was evaluated as a photocatalyst for the electronically mismatched Diels–Alder reaction of isoprene and trans-anethole using visible light. It afforded the expected product in good conversion (69%) and selectivity (dr > 10 : 1) at low loadings (0.5–5.0 mol%) and the sensitizer/catalyst was readily recycled. These results suggest that the bipyridyl macrocycle could be widely applied as a bridging ligand for the generation of chromophore-catalyst assemblies.
IT-based decision tools for item processing operations management in retail banking

Merit Bank is a multi-line financial services company with $75 billion in assets and approximately 1,000 retail branches distributed across 20 geographic divisions in 16 states. In 1999, Merit's retail banking operations generated $2.1 billion of revenues and $1 billion in net income. Over the past decade, Merit' s aggressive acquisition and consolidation strategy in its retail and commercial banking divisions has significantly increased check processing volumes and motivated major investments in automated imaging technology and branch operations reporting systems. When these investments failed to reduce overall check processing costs, a consulting team was formed to define the breakthrough opportunities and best-in-class management practices needed to restructure under performing operations. By using updated scheduling criteria reflecting current business conditions and more fully exploiting imaging and branch reporting software, the consulting team successfully developed and implemented interfacing tools responsible for significant cost savings in check processing operations.
Coding and billing issues in hospital neurology compensation.

Abstract Background: Accurate coding and billing are critical for the financial health of hospitals. Neurologic inpatient services have specific, complex documentation requirements, which can result in inadequate billing. Methods: We retrospectively compared coding practices from July 2013 to June 2014 (FY2014) using evaluation and management codes for initial inpatient encounters (CPT 99221-3) of a neurohospitalist group (NHG) to a hospital medicine group (HMG) and to national benchmarks. We further examined a sample of the lowest level encounters (CPT 99221) from the 4th quarter of FY2014 for specific deficiencies and compared these among groups. Results: Low codes (CPT 99221) were more common in the NHG than the HMG and national benchmarks (54% vs 7% vs 4%, p p p p = 0.75) and review of systems (30% vs 30%, p = 1.0) were common in both groups. In the NHG group, documentation did not reflect the acuity of patients9 medical conditions. Conclusions: Neurologists should pay close attention to documentation requirements—especially the neurologic examination—in order to allow for accurate coding and billing.
Transmission properties of scintillating fiber optics

The transmission properties of scintillating fiber optics (SFO) are analyzed. The energy absorption and scattering in SFO are simulated using the ITS Monte Carlo code. An analysis of the light generation and transmission is developed based on the ray method. Then the equations which describe the light transmission and detector efficiency are derived and evaluated. Light loss due to reflection and absorption is included in the evaluation. Measurements of the detector efficiency and spatial resolution were performed on two types of SFO. By fitting the experimental data to the analytical results, the light conversion efficiency and the absorption coefficient of an extra mural absorber were found. The detector efficiency at different energies was also calculated. >
Lexicase Selection for Program Synthesis: A Diversity Analysis

Lexicase selection is a selection method for evolutionary computation in which individuals are selected by filtering the population according to performance on test cases, considered in random order. When used as the parent selection method in genetic programming, lexicase selection has been shown to provide significant improvements in problem-solving power. In this chapter we investigate the reasons for the success of lexicase selection, focusing on measures of population diversity. We present data from eight program synthesis problems and compare lexicase selection to tournament selection and selection based on implicit fitness sharing. We conclude that lexicase selection does indeed produce more diverse populations, which helps to explain the utility of lexicase selection for program synthesis.
Toward Authentic IEPs and Transition Plans: Student, Parent, and Teacher Perspectives:

This mixed-methods study examined perspectives on factors that influence meaningful student and parent involvement in Individualized Education Program (IEP) transition planning. Survey data and ope...
Quantifying heat produced during spontaneous combustion of H 2 /O 2 nanobubbles

Microcombustors provide many advantages over electrochemical cells as sources to power microsystems. A microfabricated thermal sensor (resistance thermometer/RTD type) has been employed to measure the amount of heat produced due to the combustion of H 2 /O 2 nanobubbles created by electrolysis in such a microcombustor. It has been observed that combustion occurs above a threshold frequency of 15 kHz. The local surface heat produced initially increased linearly with frequency but at higher frequencies, it showed a non-linear tapering increase. An average surface heat value of 8×104 W/m2 was measured, which was in close agreement with the theoretical power of 1×105 W/m2 produced from the H 2 /O 2 combustion obtained using the steady-state current value.
Atheroprotective vaccination with MHC-II-restricted ApoB peptides induces peritoneal IL-10-producing CD4 T cells.

Vaccination against apolipoprotein B (ApoB), the protein of LDL, attracts attention as a novel approach to prevent atherosclerosis. We discovered major histocompatibility protein class II-restricte...
Hand–Eye Coordination Predicts Joint Attention

The present article shows that infant and dyad differences in hand-eye coordination predict dyad differences in joint attention (JA). In the study reported here, 51 toddlers ranging in age from 11 to 24 months and their parents wore head-mounted eye trackers as they played with objects together. We found that physically active toddlers aligned their looking behavior with their parent and achieved a substantial proportion of time spent jointly attending to the same object. However, JA did not arise through gaze following but rather through the coordination of gaze with manual actions on objects as both infants and parents attended to their partner's object manipulations. Moreover, dyad differences in JA were associated with dyad differences in hand following.
Velocity structure beneath College Station Alaska from receiver functions

Abstract Time-domain inversions of radial receiver functions and forward modeling of radial and tangential receiver functions were used to determine the velocity structure beneath DWWSSN station COL (Fairbanks, Alaska). Intermediate-period waveforms from 57 events recorded between February 1982 and November 1985 were used in the final analysis. Receiver functions from similar backazimuths and distances are very uniform and were stacked to increase the signal-to-noise ratio. At some azimuths (particularly from the west), significant energy is observed in the tangential component, indicating the existence of heterogeneous structure. The calculated velocity profiles are complicated and contain several distinct features that are consistent between the different stacks. The most obvious features are two strong velocity increases or boundaries in the lower crust. The first of these velocity gradients is between 27 and 32 km, a depth that is often associated with the crust-mantle transition in this region. Forward modeling of the receiver function arrivals associated with this boundary indicates that it has a strike of ∼ 280° and a dip of at least 10° to the northeast. The velocity profiles and forward modeling also indicate a low-velocity layer between depths of about 15 and 28 km. This layer is consistent with TACT results that show a layer at approximately this depth, with high electrical conductivity and a lower-than-expected seismic velocity, interpreted to be Mesozoic flysch.
Collagenase for Wound Debridement in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Case Series.

Background/objectives The use of collagenase for enzymatic wound debridement has been studied extensively and has been established as the standard of care for nonhealing and necrotic wounds in individuals for whom surgical intervention is not an option. Collagenase has been shown to be effective in adults but has been studied in a limited capacity in infants and neonates. The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of collagenase in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods Retrospective chart review of infants and neonates admitted to the NICU at Arkansas Children's Hospital with nonhealing wounds for which collagenase was used for wound healing over a 1-year time period. Six wounds were identified: five surgical wound dehiscence and one intravenous infiltrate. Results Before the use of collagenase, five of the six wounds had been treated with an alternative dressing. Once collagenase was initiated, three of these wounds reached complete granulation and closure in less time than in the episode of prior therapy. The number of days to reach 100% granulation once treated with collagenase was 5 to 18 days (mean 12.2 days). Surgical intervention for the debridement and closure of these wounds was not required, providing cost savings to the patient. Daily wound care was completed with negligible pain recordings. Conclusion The use of collagenase for enzymatic debridement can be beneficial, safe, and effective for the treatment of nonhealing and necrotic wounds in infants and neonates.
Aging and Adrenal Aldosterone Production

Aldosterone, the primary mineralocorticoid, is synthesized in the outer zone of the adrenal cortex called the zona glomerulosa (ZG). The production of aldosterone is tightly regulated by angiotensin II (Ang II) and circulating potassium levels.1 Physiologically, aldosterone plays a key role in the maintenance of intravascular volume and blood pressure through sodium retention in the kidney. Excess aldosterone causes hypertension and induces cardiovascular complications.2–5 The autonomous secretion of aldosterone, independent of Ang II and sodium status, is known as primary aldosteronism (PA). PA is the most common cause of endocrine-related hypertension with a prevalence of 5% to 10% in hypertensive population6–10 and ≈20% in resistant hypertension.11–13 Because of the increased risk for cardiovascular complications in patients with PA, early detection of the disease and targeted treatment is recommended.14 The molecular pathogenesis of PA was largely unknown until recently. The development of specific antibodies against aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2), which is required for the final steps of aldosterone production, has allowed the detection of aldosterone-producing cells in resected adrenals.15,16 Using these antibodies, non-neoplastic foci of CYP11B2-expressing cells called aldosterone-producing cell clusters (APCC)15 have been identified in adrenal tissues adjacent to aldosterone-producing adenomas (APA) and in normal human adrenal glands without tumor or hyperplasia.15–20 Studies have shown that APCC are a common occurrence in normal human adrenals.21–23 Because circulating renin and Ang II levels are suppressed in patients with PA, the observation of APCC adjacent to APA suggested that APCC may represent a source of autonomous and renin-independent aldosterone secretion, perhaps even a precursor to APA.24 Over the past 6 years, somatic and germline mutations that cause inappropriate aldosterone production have been identified in patients with PA. Most of the mutations …
Ocular-Motor Deception Test

Abstract The present chapter describes an automated deception test known as the Ocular-Motor Deception Test (ODT). The ODT uses a remote eye tracker to record gaze position and pupil size while an examinee reads and answers a series of true/false statements. Following a brief overview of the ODT, the chapter presents the theoretical assumptions on which the test is based. It describes how test items are formulated and presented to examinees and how ocular-motor and behavioral measures are combined to render decisions. The chapter reports reliability and criterion-related validity coefficients obtained for ocular-motor measures in several laboratory mock crime experiments and a field study. On average, accuracy of decisions on cross-validation was 83.1% under standard laboratory conditions and 86.1% in the field study. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the limitations of the ocular-motor deception test and areas in need of research.
Gallbladder carcinoma: An analysis of the national cancer data base to examine hispanic influence.

BACKGROUND Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a lethal disease with high incidence among Hispanics. Overall survival (OS) among races/ethnicities has not been described using the most recent National Cancer Database. This study hypothesized that prognosis is worse for Hispanics compared to similar non-Hispanic populations. METHODS Patients with GBC were identified from the National Cancer Database and categorized as White, Black, Hispanic, and Other. Descriptive statistics, OS, and Cox regression were examined. RESULTS The study identified 12 952 patients. Median age was 71 years and 68.8% were female. The study characterized 69.8% White, 13.9% Black, 11.0% Hispanic, and 5.4% other patients. A 5-year OS curves differed, with survival highest in Hispanic patients (27% vs 23% Other, 18% White, and 17% Black, P < 0.001). Hispanics presented at younger ages (67 vs 72 years, P < 0.001), were more likely to be uninsured (17.3% vs 3.9% P < 0.001), had lower income (P < 0.001), and education levels (P < 0.001) compared to Whites. Following multivariable modeling, treatment at an academic facility (HR 0.90, 95%CI 0.84-0.97) and year of diagnosis (HR 0.90, 95%CI 0.88-0.92) related to survival. Hispanic ethnicity did not show significance (P = 0.207). DISCUSSION Hispanic ethnicity exhibits the highest OS for GBC, but after adjusting for covariates, this influence is not significant.
Effects of microwave cooking/reheating on nutrients and food systems: A review of recent studies

Microwave-oven technology has been improved by the use of low power. With the utilization of low-power techniques, studies showed equal or better retention of nutrients for microwave, as compared with conventional, reheated foods for thiamin, riboflavin, pyridoxine, folacin, and ascorbic acid. Beef roasts microwaved at "simmer" were comparable with conventionally cooked roasts in sensory quality, while vegetables cooked by an institutional (1,150 w) microwave oven were superior to those cooked in a domestic (550 w) microwave oven. Microwave-cooked bacon had lower levels of nitrosamines than conventionally cooked bacon; however, the use of a new alpha-tocopherol coating system has been found to be a safe N-nitrosamine inhibitor regardless of cooking method used.
The stereoelectronic basis of collagen stability

We conclude that collagen stability does not rely on bridging water molecules. Rather, stereoelectronic effects preorganize collagen strands. Specifically, an electronegative substituent in the 4(R) position of a proline residue favors a trans peptide bond, as is necessary for triple helix formation.
Some Comments on the Effects of Malnutrition on Brain Function

For the record, I would like to commend Mr. Kittay, his Foundation, and its Board for their recognition of psychiatry as an important dimension of medicine. I understand that the Foundation is specifically focused on psychiatry per se and that their interest in malnutrition is somewhat secondary. However, they are clearly aware of the important long-range potential effects of malnutrition on the psychiatric dimensions of life. Furthermore, I would like to congratulate all of the speakers for their fine contributions to the meetings.
Analysis and development of mobile perinatal mental health system

Perinatal depression includes major and minor depressive episodes during pregnancy or in the first 12 months after birth. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends that clinicians screen patients at least once during pregnancy for depression and anxiety symptoms using a standardised tool. This paper attempts to consolidate current depression screening tools into an electronic application that can be accessed from a computer, tablet or cell phone and can be sent directly to the primary care physician's office for review. The object-oriented approach was used to analysis and design the system. The systems requirements are first gathered using questionnaire and interviews with practitioners; then, analysed based on unified modelling language techniques such as use case, class, and sequence diagrams. This system will aid healthcare providers in identifying patients who are at risk of perinatal depression.
Revision Surgery for Metal Component Failure in Total Ankle Arthroplasty

Background:Metal component failure in total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) is difficult to treat. Traditionally, conversion to an arthrodesis has been advocated. Revision TAA surgery has become more comm...
A two-phase recovery mechanism

Superscalar processors take advantage of speculative execution to improve performance. When the speculation turns out to be incorrect, a recovery procedure is initiated. The back-end of the processor cannot be flushed due to having a mixture of both valid and invalid instructions. A basic solution is to wait for all valid instructions to retire and then purge the invalid instructions. However, if a long latency operation, such as a Last-level Cache (LLC) miss appears before the misspeculation point, the back-end recovery time significantly increases. Many proposed mechanisms selectively flush invalid instructions in order to speed up the back-end recovery. In general, these mechanisms rely on broadcasting some misprediction related tags to remove the instructions from any backend structures, such as ROB, LSQ, RS, etc. The hardware overhead in these mechanisms is nontrivial and can potentially affect the processor clock cycle time if they are on the critical path. Moreover, a checkpointing mechanism or a walker needs to be added to accelerate the recovery of the front-end register alias table (F-RAT). We propose a two-phase recovery mechanism which does not need any walking or broadcasting process and can still match the performance of the state-of-the-art recovery approaches. The first phase works similar to a typical basic recovery mechanism and the second phase is not triggered until the backend is stalled by an LLC miss load. In that case, the second phase treats the load as a misspeculation and recovers from this load. Since the LLC miss response time is usually much longer than the time to fill the entire pipeline with new instructions, in most cases our mechanism can completely overlap the branch misprediction recovery penalty with the cache miss penalty.
GOVERNING THROUGH TIMESCAPE: ISRAELI SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE POLICY AND THE PALESTINIAN-ARAB CITIZENS

Social scientists commonly know that time is a social construct and a tool for governing by those holding power. Yet, how exactly is time used for governing? This article examines how timescape (embodiment of approaches to time) works in practice as a tool of power by considering multiple networks of time that manifest in al-Batuf/Beit Netofa Valley planning policy. This valley's agriculture, mostly owned by Palestinian-Arab citizens of Israel, is considered by ecologists and officials a unique traditional agriculture landscape and wetland habitat that has become scarce in Israel due to its development and wetland drainage. Assembling separate modes of anthropological inquiry that attend to time as a technique, I show that knowledge, ethics, and time management are not separate spheres of governance but rather interwoven as one timescape tool of governing. Thus, the case of al-Batuf/Beit Netofa elucidates the ways in which time is used for governing in the context of an agricultural-environmental development policy and plan.
The New Goethals Bridge

AbstractThe Port Authority of New York and New Jersey is replacing the functionally obsolete Goethals Bridge with a new cable-stayed bridge. The crossing is parallel to the existing bridge and features three eastbound and three westbound lanes plus a 3 m wide shared use path, with accommodations for future transit. The central feature of the 2,205 m crossing is the cable stayed bridge with a steel superstructure and reinforced concrete towers of a “double V” configuration. Unique all-welded steel anchor boxes have been designed to efficiently secure the stay terminations in a manner not previously achieved. Development of the concept will be discussed in detail. Trial assembly of fabricated elements and erection techniques used for geometric controls and speed of erection will also be discussed. The steel superstructure, consisting of shop-welded edge girders and stay-pipe weldments, plus a unique redundancy truss integrally framed with the steel rails used for a maintenance traveler, added to overall eff...
Shared visualizations and guided procedure simulation in augmented reality with Microsoft HoloLens

Background: Current display technologies can be suboptimal, even inadequate, when conveying spatially-complex healthcare concepts to patients and providers. This can lead to difficulties in sharing medical information, with potentially deleterious effects on patient outcomes, research, and trainee education. Methods: Investigators used off-the-shelf augmented reality (AR) technologies to facilitate visual communication for healthcare. Using untethered headset devices (Microsoft HoloLens), proof-of-concept work was completed for two use-cases: 1.) multi-user shared AR visualizations and 2.) AR-guided invasive procedural performance. The research team collaborated to create: 1.) a shared AR environment that enabled multiple users to independently visualize and manipulate 3D patient anatomic models with position, rotation, and scale synchronized across users; and 2.) a hybrid [AR-physical] covered box configuration containing CT-scanned targets and custom trajectory guidance system for simulated needle aspiration. As a pilot study exploring technical feasibility and experimental viability of the selected approach, measurements of 1.) size, displacement, angular rotation, and 2.) expert aspiration success were used as primary metrics. Results: The mean difference between AR models and physical objects was 2.0±0.4% and 1.7±0.4% of all dimensions on two HoloLens devices. One shared model configuration exhibited deviations of 7.8±2.8mm in location and 0.5±0.9° in angular orientation, and another showed differences of 6.5±2.1mm and 0.1±0.7° . For AR-guided procedure simulations, two expert surgeons required 3 attempts in 10 minutes and 1 attempt in 3 minutes to successfully aspirate the hybrid targets. Conclusion: AR technologies were used to enable core elements of an interactive shared medical visualization environment and a guided procedure simulation.
Life cycle cost assessment of future low heat rejection engines

The Adiabatic Diesel Engine Component Development (ADECD) represents a project which has the objective to accelerate the development of highway truck engines with advanced technology aimed at reduced fuel consumption. The project comprises three steps, including the synthesis of a number of engine candidate designs, the coupling of each with a number of systems for utilizing exhaust gas energy, and the evaluation of each combination in terms of desirability. Particular attention is given to the employed evaluation method and the development of this method. The objective of Life Cycle Cost (LCC) evaluation in the ADECD program was to select the best from among 42 different low heat rejection engine (LHRE)/exhaust energy recovery system configurations. The LCC model is discussed along with a maintenance cost model, the evaluation strategy, the selection of parameter ranges, and a full factorial analysis.
Differential Stem Proteomics and Metabolomics Profiles for Four Wheat Cultivars in Response to the Insect Pest Wheat Stem Sawfly

Common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a global staple crop, and insect pests can impact grain yield. The wheat stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus, WSS) is a major wheat pest, and while partial resistance has been deployed by breeding for a solid-stem trait, this trait is affected by environment. Here, a proteomics and metabolomics study was performed on four wheat cultivars to characterize a molecular response to WSS infestation. The cultivars Hatcher (hollow-stem partially tolerant), Conan (semisolid-stem-resistant), and Denali and Reeder (hollow-stem-susceptible) were infested with WSS, and changes in stem proteins and metabolites were characterized using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. The proteome was characterized as 1830 proteins that included five major biological processes, including metabolic processes and response to stimuli, and the metabolome (1823 metabolites) spanned eight chemical superclasses, including alkaloids, benzenoids, and lipids. All four varieties had a molecular response to WS...
Case 9-2020: A 64-Year-Old Man with Shortness of Breath, Cough, and Hypoxemia.

A Man with Shortness of Breath, Cough, and Hypoxemia A 64-year-old man with a history of melanoma presented to the hospital after evaluation for clumsiness of the right arm had revealed a brain mas...
Quark-Gluon-Quark Contributions to Twist Three GPDs

Twist three Generalized Parton Distributions and Generalized Transverse Momentum Distributions are central to the description of partonic orbital angular momentum. We discuss the origin of the genuine twist three contribution, described by the quark gluon quark correlator, to the twist three Generalized Parton Distribution E˜2T and how it connects to calculations of the kT2 moments of the Generalized Transverse Momentum Distribution F14.
Industrial Design + Horticulture: A Collaborative Approach to Greenhouse Design

Creating collaborative environments between design and the sciences has the potential to solve problems in new and creative ways through the design process, a process unfamiliar or unknown to many scientific fields. This type of collaboration has been an ongoing pursuit, with a recent instance being a cross disciplinary workshop between Schools of Industrial Design and Horticulture. This unique workshop consisted of a studio-style multidisciplinary workshop in which professors guided students to generate innovative concepts for greenhouse cooling. The focus of this particular collaboration was the creation of energy-efficient, long-term, and cost-effective solutions for greenhouse designs that allow year-round food production in both food-poor locations and temperate climates that are home to a significant portion of greenhouse farming. Opportunity for creative and novel solutions to cooling are vitally important and timely due the negative impact of climate change on food production in many at-risk and low-income regions.
Revisiting mixture models of memory.

Probabilistic mixture models have contributed significantly to advancements in visual working memory research in recent decades. In a new paper, Schurgin and colleagues revisit the basic assumptions of mixture models and suggest that we cannot understand memory without first considering perception.
Affective forecasting and self‐control: Why anticipating pride wins over anticipating shame in a self‐regulation context

We demonstrate that anticipating pride from resisting temptation facilitates self-control due to an enhanced focus on the self while anticipating shame from giving in to temptation results in self-control failure due to a focus on the tempting stimulus. In two studies we demonstrate the effects of anticipating pride (vs. shame) on self-control thoughts and behavior over time (Studies 1 and 2) and illustrate the process mechanism of self vs. stimulus focus underlying the differential influence of these emotions on self-control (Study 2). We present thought protocols, behavioral data (quantity consumed) and observational data (number/size of bites) to support our hypotheses.
Differential Reflectometry and Other Optical Techniques in Corrosion Research

Optical techniques for the study of corrosion phenomena, such as differential reflectometry and ellipsometry are discussed. The experimental results presented include the corrosion of various metals such as copper, the passivation of nickel and nickel-copper alloys in aqueous environments, and the dezincification of α-brass.
Do Alcohol Misuse, Smoking, and Depression Vary Concordantly or Sequentially? A Longitudinal Study of HIV-Infected and Matched Uninfected Veterans in Care

We analyzed temporal patterns of alcohol misuse, smoking, and depression among veterans in care to determine whether these conditions vary concordantly or sequentially. Using the Veterans Aging Cohort Study, harmful alcohol use (AUDIT-C ≥ 4), current smoking, and depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 8), were measured. In regression analyses, predictors included each outcome condition at baseline, the other two conditions in the same survey, the other two conditions in the immediately preceding survey, number of years since enrollment, and HIV status. We found that current smoking and depression were more common among HIV infected individuals. Harmful alcohol use was more common among uninfected individuals. Temporal analyses suggested a concurrent pattern: each condition was associated with the other two conditions (p < 0.03, OR 1.12-1.66) as well as with the prior presence of the same condition (p < 0.0001; OR 6.38-22.02). Smoking was associated with prior depression after controlling for current depression (OR 1.16; p = 0.003). In conclusion, alcohol misuse, smoking, and depression were temporally concordant and persistent, raising the question of whether they constitute a common syndrome in HIV infected patients and others with chronic diseases.
Effects of information system education and training on user satisfaction: an empirical evaluation

Abstract This study links end-user computer education to user satisfaction. A questionnaire was designed and employed to evaluate the impact of education and training on user information satisfaction. The subjects, who are employed in a variety of organizations, were queried prior to and after having completed a specially designed course in the management of information systems. After the educational experience, an increase in total user satisfaction was perceived by the subjects. The study demonstrates, however, that the connection between total satisfaction and education must be qualified by the caliber of the services rendered by Information Systems (IS) and the quality of the information product.
Tryptophan pyrrolase of liver. I. Activation and assay in soluble extracts of rat liver.

Inactive forms of the tryptophan pyrrolase occur in soluble rat liver preparations. Their slow activation is responsible for the previously observed acceleration of this reaction. Maximal activation of the enzyme occurs during a 30-min preincubation with its substrate, l -tryptophan, and ascorbic acid, in the case of livers from tryptophan-treated rats, and with these additions plus methemoglobin as a source of the hematin prosthetic group, in the case of livers from untreated and hydrocortisone-treated rats. Although similar additions are necessary for the catalytic activity, the activation can occur when catalysis is prevented by anaerobiosis. Activation and catalysis are separate reactions. The total activities in rat livers assayed after this maximal activation are higher and more reproducible than from previous measurements. Greater increases in the enzyme activity are found with this assay procedure than by previous assays, after treatment of the rats with tryptophan and especially with hydrocortisone.
A bio-medical informatics perspective on human factors understanding human factors influence in HIT-enabled institutions.

Objectives: To summarize current excellent research in the field of bio-medical informatics human factors. Methods: We provide a synopsis of the articles selected for the IMIA yearbook 2009, from which we attempt to derive a synthetic overview of the activity and new trends in the field. A special attention was made to pick papers also from non bio-medical informatics specialized journals and to perform a worldwide selection. Results: while the state of the research in the field of human factors is illustrated by a set of fairly heterogeneous studies, it is possible to identify trends. Thus, clearly, the importance of issues related to healthcare information technologies (HIT) adoption, still occupies a central role in the field. Conclusions: Convincing the clinicians of the HIT potential gains is still a challenge. But the HIT community will also have to give birth to interdisciplinary research and clear methods to optimize implementations and subsequent achievement of managerial objectives. The best paper selection of articles on human factors shows examples of excellent research on methods concerning original options to once again assess the importance of HIT and take into account the healthcare personnel psychology when confronted to the adoption of new tools and processes.
Non-Recursively Constructible Recursive Families of Graphs

In a publication by Noy and Ribo, it was shown that recursively constructible families of graphs are recursive. The authors also conjecture that the converse holds; that is, recursive families are also recursively constructible. In this paper, we provide two specific counterexamples to this conjecture, which we then extend to an infinite family of counterexamples.
An Evaluation of the Starch Tolerance Test in Pancreatic Insufficiency

Summary The starch tolerance test was performed in 101 patients without pancreatic disease and in 43 patients with pancreatic disease. The possible pitfalls of the test are discussed. Positive results were observed in 15 of the 27 cases with chronic relapsing pancreatitis and in 8 of the 9 cases with carcinoma of the pancreas. The test gave a normal result in 100 patients and a false positive result in 1 patient without pancreatic disease. When the starch tolerance test was positive, it appeared to be a reliable indicator of pancreatic disease. A negative starch tolerance test did not rule out pancreatic disease.
62.4: PFS, K2SiF6:Mn4+: the Red-line Emitting LED Phosphor behind GE's TriGain Technology™ Platform

The red-line emission of PFS, K2SiF6:Mn4+, phosphor centered at 631 nm results in phosphor converted LED package efficacy improvements of >10% relative to packages using conventional Eu2% doped nitride broad-band red-emitting phosphors. Improvements in absorption, quantum efficiency and stability under high humidity and high light flux will be presented that have resulted in commercialization of this material under GE TriGain™ Technology.
Impact of paediatric human immunodeficiency virus infection on children's and caregivers' daily functioning and well‐being: a qualitative study

Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection impacts not only upon the physical health of affected children, but also their psychosocial functions, family relationships and economical status. Caregivers are confronted with complex challenges related to the physical, emotional and financial demands of raising these children.The purpose of this study was to enhance our understanding of the impact of HIV disease on both children's and caregivers' well-being, using a qualitative inquiry approach.
Lumbar Disc Localization and Labeling with a Probabilistic Model on Both Pixel and Object Features

Repeatable, quantitative assessment of intervertebral disc pathology requires accurate localization and labeling of the lumbar region discs. To that end, we propose a two-level probabilistic model for such disc localization and labeling. Our model integrates both pixel-level information, such as appearance, and object-level information, such as relative location. Utilizing both levels of information adds robustness to the ambiguous disc intensity signature and high structure variation. Yet, we are able to do efficient (and convergent) localization and labeling with generalized expectation-maximization. We present accurate results on 20 normal cases (96%) and a promising extension to a pathology case.
Surveillance for Adverse Events following Immunization from 2008 to 2011 in Zhejiang Province, China

ABSTRACT This study summarizes passive surveillance data for adverse events following immunization (AEFI) reported to the National AEFI Surveillance System (NASS) in Zhejiang province and describes reporting trends from 2008 to 2011. AEFI reporting rates were calculated using denominator data from the Individual Immunization Information System and the Zhejiang provincial Bureau of Statistics. A total of 6,265 AEFI records were reported; the overall reporting rate was 9.2 per 100,000 doses. There were two peaks of reporting rates, which were associated mainly with the introduction of the pandemic H1N1 influenza virus vaccine (pH1N1) in 2009 and the measles-mumps vaccine (MM) campaign in 2010. The majority of the AEFI described nonserious events. Fifteen deaths were recorded, but only one was possibly related to immunization. The most frequently reported reactions were fever and injection site reaction. Vaccines distributed in Zhejiang province have proven to be generally safe. The data on AEFI surveillance provide a reference point for ongoing reporting of trends and illustrate the value of the NASS database as a surveillance tool for monitoring of AEFI.