cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Catastrophe model of the accident process, safety climate, and anxiety.

This study aimed (a) to address the evidence for situational specificity in the connection between safety climate to occupational accidents, (b) to resolve similar issues between anxiety and accidents, (c) to expand and develop the concept of safety climate to include a wider range of organizational constructs, (d) to assess a cusp catastrophe model for occupational accidents where safety climate and anxiety are treated as bifurcation variables, and environmental hazards are asymmetry variables. Bifurcation, or trigger variables can have a positive or negative effect on outcomes, depending on the levels of asymmetry, or background variables. The participants were 1262 production employees of two steel manufacturing facilities who completed a survey that measured safety management, anxiety, subjective danger, dysregulation, stressors and hazards. Nonlinear regression analyses showed, for this industry, that the accident process was explained by a cusp catastrophe model in which safety management and anxiety were bifurcation variables, and hazards, age and experience were asymmetry variables. The accuracy of the cusp model (R2 = .72) exceeded that of the next best log-linear model (R2 = .08) composed from the same survey variables. The results are thought to generalize to any industry where serious injuries could occur, although situationally specific effects should be anticipated as well. Language: en
Strain- and temperature-induced effects in AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors

This paper presents a physics-based model for computing the combined effect of applied strain and temperature on the device characteristics of aluminium gallium nitride (AlGaN/GaN) high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). More specifically, the electrical response of the HEMT is predicted under applied biaxial strain from ±1% over a wide range of temperatures (300–500 K). In addition, the interface state densities at the Schottky-AlGaN interface are introduced in the model. This physics-based model calculates the charge due to applied, thermal and lattice mismatch strain and temperature effects at the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) interface of the HEMT. Coupled with a model for the 2DEG mobility that includes strain and temperature effects, current–voltage characteristics for the HEMT are derived above the threshold voltage. Regimes with large strain sensitivity and temperature compensation are identified and vice-versa. The analysis from the model clarifies the large range of strain response variations observed in the experimentally measured characteristics of HEMTs in literature. Furthermore, the developed model is a useful tool for predicting the response of HEMTs used in sensing and under the influence of packaging in extreme environments, especially when temperature fluctuation and strain coupling is of concern.
High-Precision Motion Detection Using Low-Complexity Doppler Radar With Digital Post-Distortion Technique

Owing to the low complexity and high level of system integration, the quadrature direct-conversion architecture is widely used in Doppler radar for noncontact detection of slow periodic motions such as mechanical vibrations and physiological motions of respiration and heartbeat. However, precise detection of the complete motion pattern has been challenging due to the high-pass characteristics of the ac-coupled baseband circuitry. A few techniques have been proposed to preserve the actual motion pattern in radar sensing based on hardware modifications that add system complexity and cost. In this paper, a digital post-distortion (DPoD) technique is proposed to compensate for the signal distortions in the digital baseband domain. Without any cumbersome hardware modification, the complete pattern of slow periodic motions can be detected using a simple quadrature direct-conversion architecture with ac-coupled baseband. Experimental results show that the proposed Doppler radar with the DPoD technique is robust to compensate signal distortions and can be used for precise detection of slow Doppler motions (near dc) where ac coupling typically attenuates the signal.
Anti-Fx1A antibody recognizes a beta 1-integrin on glomerular epithelial cells and inhibits adhesion and growth

Cell-matrix interactions play an important role in regulating cell growth and metabolic activity and potentially in maintaining the integrity of the glomerular filtration barrier. The effect of ant...
Passage of cadmium across the perfused guinea pig placenta (39877).

SummaryBy perfusing the fetal circulation of placentas (61- to 63-days gestation) in situ, we were able to separate fetal uptake from placental transport of cadmium in the guinea pig. Our data indicate that cadmium crosses the placenta from the maternal circulation to the fetal circulation with relative ease. Since cadmium from an iv dose was rapidly removed from the maternal circulation, low levels of transfer to the fetus reported in the literature for many animals are more likely due to low levels of circulating maternal plasma cadmium than to the presence of a strong “placental barrier” to cadmium.
Pilot study results of assessment and acceptance of elimination of Kaschin-Beck disease in 6 counties in Sichuan Province

Objective To exlpore whether Methods for assessment and acceptance of control and elimination of Kaschin- Beck disease( Draft) is scientific and feasible, to evaluate the prevention and control effect of Kaschin- Beck disease( KBD) in Wenchuan,Mao county,Xiaojin,Luding,Mianning,Qingchuan 6 counties of Sichuan province. Methods All children aged 7 to 12 were detected clinically and did X- ray examination of right hand, collected basic situation,implement of the prevention and control measures for KBD in each survey village. If the county was up to the standard of control or elimination of KBD after self- examination, it would apply to its higher health administrative department steply, once the provincial health administrative department received the application, it would organize a team to start work about the assessment and acceptance for the county. Results2 041 children aged 7 to 12 in total were detected clinically and did X- ray examination of right hand in 29 villages,15 towns,6 counties. There was no clinical case, and 2 cases of X- ray examination were positive and both of them were metaphysis. The average positive rate was 0. 10%. The evaluating score of organization and management was above 60 out of 80,and the site score of prevention and treatment measure have got full points( 50). The provincial team of assessment and acceptance chose 911 children aged 7 to 12 and 161 families to review the results of the state and implement of the prevention and control measures in 16 villages,11 towns,6 counties, and the reviewing results were in keeping with the counties self- examination. Conclusion 6counties have all achieved the elimination standard of KBD. The items score for organization and measure of prevention and treatment in Methods for assessment and acceptance of control and elimination of Kaschin- Beck disease( Draft) need to be further improved.
Rapid determination of blood cadmium by graphite furnace and standard addition method

Objective:To develop a rapid method for determination of blood Cadmium by graphite furnace and standard addition method.Methods:0.10 ml blood sample was directly diluted to 10 times with 1 ml/L HNO3 and 0.1 g/L Triton X-100,and then determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption standard addition method via direct automatic injection,with 0.2 g/L Pdcl2 as matrix modifier,Zeeman effect for correcting disturbance of background and peak area for quantification.Results:There was significant linear relation between absorbance and Cadmium level in the range of 0 μg/L~3.0 μg/L.The correlation coefficient was 0.9991,the lowest detection limit was 0.081 μg/L,the recovery of standard addition was during 95.0%~106.0%,the RSD of parallel double sample was 1.8%~7.2%.The method was successfully applied to determine Certified Reference Materials such as GBW09139e and GBW09140e,and the results were in good agreement with the certified values.Conclusion: The measurement is characterized by high accuracy and precision,no need for chemical treatment,no need to use standard series with normal human blood.This method is good for determination of blood Cadmium simply and rapidly.
Prognostic significance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in oropharyngeal cancer

The presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes has been shown to significantly improve clinical outcomes in many types of cancer. However; their effects on outcomes in patients with oropharyngeal cancer specifically have yet to be elucidated. We conducted a retrospective study in an effort to shed light on this issue. We reviewed the records of 48 consecutively presenting patients with oropharyngeal cancer; and we performed immunohistochemistry to analyze their archived paraffin-embedded tissue samples for the presence of CD3-positive tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. We also used real-time polymerase chain reaction testing to look for human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) in the tumors. We found that patients with large numbers of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (CD3high) had a significantly lower incidence of metastasis at presentation than did those with low numbers of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (CD31low) (40.0 vs. 88.5%; p = 0.001), regardless of HPV status. When HPV status was taken into account, the correlation between a high CD3 count and a lower rate of metastasis was maintained in the HPV-positive patients but not in the HPV-negative patients. We also found that the CD3high patients had higher rates of overall survival and disease-free survival at 3 and 5 years than did the CD3low patients; however; these differences only approached but did not reach statistical significance.
Resonant photoemission study of the electronic structure of K0.3MoO3

Abstract We report resonant photoemission measurements performed on both stoichiometric and defective (20 1 ) surfaces of the quasi-one dimensional oxide conductor K0.3MoO3. We investigate the resonant enhancement of the photoemission intensity in the O 2p band and of defect-related emission 2 eV below the Fermi level. The strong Fano-like resonance profile of the defect emission allows us to identify the defects as oxygen vacancies. The destructive nature of resonant photoemission for this system is revealed, as the core hole excitations that are necessary for the resonant photoemission process also lead to photon stimulated desorption.
5,7,7,12,14,14-Hexamethyl-4,11-di­aza-1,8-di­azonia­cyclo­tetra­deca-4,11-diene bis­(methane­sulfonate)

In the title mol­ecular salt, C16H34N42+·2CH3SO3−, the centrosymmetric macrocyclic mol­ecule has all four N atoms oriented towards the inside of the cavity, similar to its conformation in metal complexes. The conformation of the ethyl­enedi­amine fragment is trans–gauche–trans and the conformation of the propyl­enedi­amine group is trans–cis–gauche–gauche. In the crystal, each protonated N atom makes a strong hydrogen bond with a sulfonate O atom and another intra­molecular hydrogen bond connects two N atoms of the same macrocyclic ring to generate ensembles of one dication and two anions.
EHD3 Protein Is Required for Tubular Recycling Endosome Stabilization, and an Asparagine-Glutamic Acid Residue Pair within Its Eps15 Homology (EH) Domain Dictates Its Selective Binding to NPF Peptides

An elaborate network of dynamic lipid membranes, termed tubular recycling endosomes (TRE), coordinates the process of endocytic recycling in mammalian cells. The C-terminal Eps15 homology domain (EHD)-containing proteins have been implicated in the bending and fission of TRE, thus regulating endocytic recycling. EHD proteins have an EH domain that interacts with proteins containing an NPF motif. We found that NPF-containing EHD1 interaction partners such as molecules interacting with CasL-like1 (MICAL-L1) and Syndapin2 are essential for TRE biogenesis. Also crucial for TRE biogenesis is the generation of phosphatidic acid, an essential lipid component of TRE that serves as a docking point for MICAL-L1 and Syndapin2. EHD1 and EHD3 have 86% amino acid identity; they homo- and heterodimerize and partially co-localize to TRE. Despite their remarkable identity, they have distinct mechanistic functions. EHD1 induces membrane vesiculation, whereas EHD3 supports TRE biogenesis and/or stabilization by an unknown mechanism. While using phospholipase D inhibitors (which block the conversion of glycerophospholipids to phosphatidic acid) to deplete cellular TRE, we observed that, upon inhibitor washout, there was a rapid and dramatic regeneration of MICAL-L1-marked TRE. Using this "synchronized" TRE biogenesis system, we determined that EHD3 is involved in the stabilization of TRE rather than in their biogenesis. Moreover, we identify the residues Ala-519/Asp-520 of EHD1 and Asn-519/Glu-520 of EHD3 as defining the selectivity of these two paralogs for NPF-containing binding partners, and we present a model to explain the atomic mechanism and provide new insight for their differential roles in vesiculation and tubulation, respectively.
Use of composted animal manures to reduce 1,3-dichloropropene emissions.

Atmospheric emission of the soil fumigant 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) has been associated with the deterioration of air quality in certain fumigation areas. To minimize the environmental impacts of 1,3-D, feasible and cost-effective control strategies are in need of investigation. One approach to reduce emissions is to enhance the surface layer of a soil to degrade 1,3-D. A field study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of composted steer manure (SM) and composted chicken manure (CKM) to reduce 1,3-D emissions. SM or CKM were applied to the top 5-cm soil layer at a rate of 3.3 or 6.5 kg m−2. An emulsified formulation of 1,3-D was applied through drip tape at 130.6 kg ha−1 into raised beds. The drip tape was placed in the center of each bed (102 cm wide) and 15 cm below the surface. Passive flux chambers were used to measure the loss of 1,3-D for 170 h after fumigant application. Results indicated that the cumulative loss of 1,3-D was about 48% and 28% lower in SM- and CKM-amended beds, respectiv...
'Oral Versions of Personal Experience’: Labovian Narrative Analysis and its Uptake

William Labov is known across the human and social sciences for his work on oral narratives about personal experience. This article provides an overview of that research and discusses its uptake and influence in linguistics and in other fields. Subsequent scholarship on narrative has critiqued Labov's model on the grounds that it privileges a certain genre of personal-experience narrative and underplays the role of interlocutors and other contextual features in shaping oral narratives, but such scholarship inevitably borrows Labov's insight that the form of narrative is linked to its interactional functions. Narrative research in psychology and other fields often cites Labov without actually making much use of Labov's model, but Labovian narrative analysis has nonetheless had an enormous influence in making possible and legitimizing the study of everyday, vernacular narration.
Focused-Based Multifractal Analysis of the Wake in a Wind Turbine Array Utilizing Proper Orthogonal Decomposition

Hot-wire anemometry measurements have been performed in a 3 × 3 wind turbine array to study the multifractality of the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation. A multifractal spectrum and Hurst exponents are determined at nine locations downstream of the hub height, bottom and top tips. Higher multifractality is found at 0.5D and 1D downstream of the bottom tip and hub height. The second order of the Hurst exponent and combination factor shows the ability to predict the flow state in terms of its development. Snapshot proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is used to identify the coherent and incoherent structures and to reconstruct the stochastic velocity signal using a specific number of the POD eigenfunctions. The accumulation of the turbulence kinetic energy in the top tip location exhibits fast convergence compared with the bottom tip and hub height. The dissipation of the large and small scales is determined using the reconstructed stochastic velocities. The higher multifractality is shown in the dissipation of the large scale compared with small scale dissipation showing consistency with the behavior of the original signals. Multifractality of turbulent kinetic energy dissipation in the wind farm is examined and the effect of the reconstructed flow field via proper orthogonal decomposition on the multifractality behavior is investigated. Findings are relevant in wind energy as multifractal parameters identify the variation between the near- and far-wake regions.
Metformin Adjunctive Therapy Does Not Improve the Sterilizing Activity of the First-Line Antitubercular Regimen in Mice

Preliminary preclinical and observational studies suggest the potential utility of metformin as an adjunctive, host-directed agent for treatment of tuberculosis (TB). In this study, we sought to investigate the bactericidal and sterilizing activities of human-like exposures of metformin when given in combination with the first-line regimen against chronic tuberculosis in BALB/c mice. Mice receiving metformin adjunctive therapy had similar lung bacillary burdens with control mice during treatment, and the proportion of mice with microbiological relapse was similar between the two groups.
Aggregation-induced emission in precursors to porous molecular crystals

Trigonal fluorinated pyrazoles assemble into porous molecular crystals and show solid-state fluorescence. However, in a DMF/H2O mixed solvent system, the triazine-centered compound displays aggregation-induced emission, while its benzene-based counterpart does not.
Case 73: A Right Upper Lobe Tumor and Concurrent Tracheal Polyp: What Lung Isolation Technique Would You Use?

Today you are to anesthetize an 86-year-old female (5′3″ and 51.2 kg) (ASA3). Her past medical history is significant for hypertension, bladder cancer, and newly diagnosed lung adenocarcinoma of the right upper lobe. She is scheduled for a “flexible bronchoscopy and (R) VATS upper lobectomy.” In addition to her (R) upper lobe tumor, her PET scan showed, as an incidental finding, a potentially fragile polyp (approximately 0.7 cm in diameter) attached to the anterior tracheal wall.
Abstract 20592: Allogeneic c-kit+ Cardiac Progenitor Cells are Hypoimmunogenic and Improve Cardiac Function

Background: Autologous c-kit + cardiac progenitor cells (c-kit + CPCs) and cardio-sphere derived cells (CDCs) were reported to be effective in reducing scar size in myocardial infarction patients. We have recently identified that c-kit + CPCs have superior cardiac regenerative potentials over CDCs, independent of patient specific characteristics. However, c-kit + CPCs allogeneic potentials were not been investigated. In this study we compared c-kit + CPCs in vitro and in vivo immunological tolerance and in vivo cardiac recovery potentials using divergent rat strains. Methods and Results: We isolated human c-kit + CPCs (hc-kit + CPCs), hCDCs from adult coronary artery bypass graft patients and compared with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Human c-kit + CPCs, CDCs and MSCs expressed major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I but not MHC II and co-stimulatory molecules (CD80 and CD86). In mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay, co-culture of human peripheral blood monocytes with allogeneic hc-kit + CPCs, hCDCs and hMSCs elicit negligible T-cell proliferation. To further understand the allogeneic potentials of c-kit + CPCs, Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rat c-kit + CPCs (rc-kit + CPSs) and MSCs (rMSCs) were isolated and evaluated their alloantigen expression, which shows similar pattern as human c-kit + CPCs and MSCs. Co-culture of rc-kit + CPCs and rMSCs with Brown Norway (BN) rat lymphocytes failed to induce proliferation of T-cells, which is similar to syngeneic rc-kit + CPCs and allogeneic rMSCs. In vivo , intra-myocardial transplantation of allogeneic c-kit + CPCs recover the cardiac function of myocardial infarction rats. In addition, allogeneic and syngeneic c-kit + CPCs elicit minimal local, systemic and humoral immune responses compared to xenogeneic c-kit + CPCs. Conclusion: Human and rat allogeneic c-kit + CPCs are immune tolerant and produce minimal immunological response while maintaining their cardiac recovery potentials in immunologically divergent species. Our observations warrant the development of an allogeneic c-kit + CPC strategy for clinical trail application.
Ensuring Capability to Provide Safe Patient Care Prior to Occupying Renovated Clinical Area.

Objective:To determine the effectiveness of simulation in improving staff confidence to provide safe patient care in a new or unfamiliar patient care area.Background:Hospitals undergo constant reno...
Effects of long-term estrogen implants in beef heifers.

Crossbred beef heifers (n = 78) were assigned randomly to one of three treatments. Heifers received either no implant, one estradiol-releasing implant (Compudose), or two estradiol-releasing implants. Heifers were implanted at birth and then reimplanted every 150 d. Calves were maintained with the cows until weaning at approximately 200 d of age. Heifers were placed in the feedlot as one group and fed a growing diet for 56 d. Following the growing phase, heifers were segregated into their respective treatment groups and fed until selected by industry buyers for harvest. Beginning at 1 yr of age and continuing every 14 d until puberty or harvest, heifers were palpated per rectum, and blood samples were collected for determination of ovarian activity and attainment of puberty. Serum progesterone of > or =1 ng/mL and(or) palpation of a detectable corpus luteum were criteria of puberty. At weaning and again at harvest, an x-ray was taken of the left front leg of six heifers selected randomly from each group. Metacarpal bones III and IV from the same animals were collected at harvest and transected for determination of epiphyseal plate closure. The x-ray scores and the actual measurements had a correlation of .94. Epiphyseal plate closure occurred in a dose-related manner, with heifers on the higher dose of estrogen having earlier plate closure than heifers on the lower dose. At harvest, reproductive tissues and carcass data were collected for all heifers. Eighteen of 25 untreated control heifers (P .10) were detected among treatment groups for carcass traits. These data suggest that early and continuous treatment of heifers with estradiol implants can retard reproductive function.
The strong uniqueness constant in complex approximation

Let f(x) belong to the set C(B) of continuous functions, possibly complex valued, on a compact subset, B, of a finite dimensional euclidean space. Let V be a finite dimensional subspace of C(B). v0 e V is a strongly unique best approximation to f if (1) ‖f − v‖ ≥ ‖f − v0‖+γ ‖v − v0∥ holds for some γ(f, B, V) > 0 and all v e V. The largest γ (= γ*) such that (1) holds is the strong uniqueness constant for f. The strong uniqueness constant has previously been determined in essentially one case, namely, the approximation of a monomial by lower degree polynomials in the real case. When f(z)=zn, B is the closed unit disc in the complex plane and V is the set of polynomials of degree at most n−1, γ*=1/n. We show that this fact is a trivial consequence of a simple result of Szasz (1917). Some related results and problems are also discussed.
Classification and ordination of Coleogyne communities in southern Nevada

Woody plant community composition was analyzed throughout the range of Coleogyne ramosissima in the Spring and Sheep Mountain ranges of southern Nevada. The lower Coleogyne elevational boundary was analyzed in detail in Lucky Strike Canyon, on the eastern edge of the Spring Mountains. TWINSPAN (2-way indicator species analysis) identified 4 primary species and stand groups from the 2 mountain ranges (extensive survey). Analysis of DECORANA (detrended correspondence analysis) results indicated that elevation and soil depth were the environmental factors most significantly associated with distribution of species and stand groups in the extensive survey. Elevation was the only significant physical factor associated with distribution of species and stand groups in the intensive survey. Five vegetation zones form the 2 mountain ranges were identified based on their dominant species in 15 extensive transects. Coleogyne were subdivided into pure stands and upper and lower ecotones for further investigation of species distribution and environmental factors. Selected environmental factors appear to play an important role in structuring the Mojave Desert vegetation zones in southern Nevada.
R/S-bootstrapping test for fractional integration

The R/S-type statistic has been designed by Lo and used based on their asymptotic distributions by Giraitis et al. for the detection of fractionally integrated processes. The authors propose the us...
Desegregation and the retreat of clinical psychoanalysis.

This article examines the racial politics that reshaped psychoanalytic psychotherapy and ushered in a community mental health paradigm during the U.S. Civil Rights Era. Policymakers in the 1960s adopted the language of social justice to condemn psychoanalysis for its inability to treat psychotics and its unwillingness to treat black patients; yet the community psychiatry model of treatment that replaced it compounded the denial of the black subject’s clinical needs. Challenging the extant historiography that appraises psychoanalysis as a victim of neoliberalism and psychopharmacology, this paper examines how and why Freudian practitioners beat their own retreat from the specter of desegregation.
Vaginal Estrogen for the Prevention of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author(s): Ferrante, Kimberly L; Wasenda, Erika J; Jung, Carrie E; Adams-Piper, Emily R; Lukacz, Emily S | Abstract: ObjectivesWe aimed to compare the efficacy of 2 commonly used contemporary vaginal estrogen administrations versus placebo for the prevention of urinary tract infection (UTI) in postmenopausal women with a clinical diagnosis of recurrent UTI (rUTI).MethodsThis was an investigator-initiated, multicenter, single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of vaginal estrogen (delivered via ring or cream) compared with placebo. Postmenopausal women with documented rUTI were randomized to receive either vaginal estrogen (via ring or cream) or placebo cream in a 1:1:1 fashion. The primary outcome was occurrence of UTI at 6 months. After 6 months, open-label use of ring or active cream was offered to all participants for an additional 6 months. Because of slower than expected recruitment, sample size calculations and block randomization schema were revised to combine estrogen groups (ring or cream) for statistical comparisons to placebo cream in a 1:1 fashion.ResultsThirty-five women were randomized with 9 dropouts (1 ring, 2 cream, and 6 placebo) prior to the 6 months. Intention-to-treat analysis (assuming dropouts as failures) revealed fewer women treated with vaginal estrogen had a UTI within 6 months versus placebo (11/18 vs 16/17, respectively; P = 0.041). Per-protocol analysis revealed fewer subjects treated with vaginal estrogen had a UTI at 6 months (8/15 vs 10/11, respectively; P = 0.036).ConclusionsCommonly prescribed forms of vaginal estrogen with contemporary dosing schedules prevent UTIs in postmenopausal women with an active diagnosis of rUTI.
How Place-Based Tax Incentives Can Reduce Geographic Inequality

Place-based tax incentives are frequently used by governments to encourage investment in low-income areas. But no standard exists to describe the ideal place-based tax incentive, making evaluation of these programs nearly impossible. This Article provides the necessary baseline by explaining when, where, and how to design place-based tax incentives that can benefit low-income communities by reducing geographic inequality. Using Geospatial Information System (GIS) mapping methods, this Article demonstrates how lawmakers can use public data to map spatial disadvantage. It then draws on tax theory to show how to design place-based tax incentives to reduce geographic inequality in targeted areas. The result is not a one-size-fits-all prescription, but a place-specific approach that can help place-based tax incentives become an effective vehicle for reducing underlying, geographic causes of neighborhood disadvantage. Comparing current place-based tax incentives to this baseline reveals that a significant weakness of current approaches is their failure to target places with geographic inequality or promote activities that could reduce it.
Evaluation of Medical Imaging Applications using SYCL

As opposed to the Open Computing Language (OpenCL) programming model in which host and device codes are written in different languages, the SYCL programming model can combine host and device codes for an application in a type-safe way to improve development productivity. In this paper, we chose two medical imaging applications (Heart Wall and Particle Filter) in the Rodinia benchmark suite to study the performance and programming productivity of the SYCL programming model. More specifically, we introduced the SYCL programming model, shared our experience of implementing the applications using SYCL, and compared the performance and programming portability of the SYCL implementations with the OpenCL implementations on an Intel® Xeon® CPU and an Iris® Pro integrated GPU. The results are promising. For the Heart Wall application, the SYCL implementation is on average 15% faster than the OpenCL implementation on the GPU. For the Particle Filter application, the SYCL implementation is 3% slower than the OpenCL implementation on the GPU, but it is 75% faster on the CPU. Using lines of code as an indicator of programming productivity, the SYCL host program reduces the lines of code of the OpenCL host program by 52% and 38% for the Heart Wall and Particle Filter applications, respectively.
The impact of COVID-19 on thoracic surgery residency programs in the US: A program director survey.

Objective The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has altered how the current generation of thoracic surgery residents are being trained. The aim of this survey was to determine how thoracic surgery program directors (PDs) are adapting to educating residents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Thoracic surgery PDs of integrated, traditional (2 or 3 year), and combined 4 + 3 general/thoracic surgery training programs in the United States were surveyed between 17th April and 1st May 2020 during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic in much of the United States. The 15-question electronic survey queried program status, changes to the baseline surgical practice, changes to didactic education, deployment/scheduling of residents, and effect of the pandemic on case logs and preparedness for resident graduation. Results All 23 institutions responding had ceased elective procedures, and most had switched to telemedicine clinic visits. Online virtual didactic sessions were implemented by 91% of programs, with most (69.6%) observing same or increased attendance. PDs reported that 82.7% of residents were on a non-standard schedule, with most being deployed in a 1 to 2 week on, 1 to 2 week off block schedule. Case volumes were affected for both junior and graduating trainees, but a majority of PDs report that graduating residents will graduate on time without perceived negative effect on first career/fellowship position. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic has radically changed the educational approach of thoracic surgery programs. PDs are adapting educational delivery to optimize training and safety during the pandemic. Long-term effects remain uncertain and require additional study.
Gamma-ray decay schemes for Kr 93 , Rb 93 , and Sr 93

The $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays following the $\ensuremath{\beta}$ decays of $^{93}\mathrm{Kr}$, $^{93}\mathrm{Rb}$, and $^{93}\mathrm{Sr}$ have been studied, using Ge(Li) detectors for singles and coincidence measurements. A level scheme for $^{93}\mathrm{Y}$ is reported which contains 36 excited levels and 143 of the 162 observed $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays in the decay of $^{93}\mathrm{Sr}$. For the decay of $^{93}\mathrm{Rb}$, 243 $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays were observed, with 231 placed in a level scheme for $^{93}\mathrm{Sr}$ consisting of 74 excited levels. The decay of $^{93}\mathrm{Kr}$ was observed to have 217 $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays, 203 of which are placed in a level scheme for $^{93}\mathrm{Rb}$ comprising 56 excited levels. Over 98% of the observed $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray intensity is contained in each of the level schemes. Spin and parity assignments are proposed, whenever possible, on the basis of $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray transition probabilities and deduced $log\mathrm{ft}$ values. A comparison is made with available reaction data for the $^{93}\mathrm{Y}$ level scheme, and some of the levels in each decay scheme are interpreted in terms of the nuclear shell model.RADIOACTIVITY $^{93}\mathrm{Kr}$, $^{93}\mathrm{Rb}$, $^{93}\mathrm{Sr}$ [from $^{235}\mathrm{U}(n, f)$]; measured ${E}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}$, ${I}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}$, $\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ coin. Ge(Li) detectors. $^{93}\mathrm{Rb}$, $^{93}\mathrm{Sr}$, $^{93}\mathrm{Y}$ deduced levels, $J$, $\ensuremath{\pi}$, $log\mathrm{ft}$. Mass-separated $^{93}\mathrm{Kr}$ activity.
Injection-Site Nodules Associated With Once-Weekly Subcutaneous Administration of Semaglutide

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are a safe and effective treatment option for patients with type 2 diabetes (1). Selective activation of the GLP-1 receptor causes glucose-dependent insulin secretion, resulting in a very low risk of hypoglycemia (2). The additional mechanism of slowing gastric emptying has resulted in reliable weight loss with this class of antihyperglycemic medications (3). In addition, multiple agents in this drug class (semaglutide, liraglutide, and dulaglutide) have been proven to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events (4). Furthermore, the possibility of once-weekly dosing for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes has been realized with some GLP-1 receptor agonists (semaglutide, exenatide extended-release, and dulaglutide) as a result of albumin binding that decreases renal clearance and protects against metabolic degradation by the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 enzyme (2). Poor adherence to pharmacologic therapy is well documented in patients with type 2 diabetes and is linked to inadequate glycemic control (based on the American Diabetes Association’s general A1C goal of <7%), and once-weekly dosing has been shown to improve adherence rates (5,6). The use of GLP-1 receptor agonists in practice has become more prominent in recent years, and adverse reactions are generally benign. Most commonly, patients have reported gastrointestinal upset (>10%) and injection-site reactions (>1%) (1,7). General injection-site reactions (e.g., erythema, pain, or rash) have been reported with all of the commercially available GLP-1 receptor agonists (i.e., exenatide, lixisenatide, liraglutide, dulaglutide, and semaglutide) (8–13). However, post-marketing reports have revealed that exenatide extended-release, specifically, may cause more alarming injection-site …
The General Factor of Psychopathology in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study: A Comparison of Alternative Modeling Approaches:

Many models of psychopathology include a single general factor of psychopathology (GFP) or "p factor" to account for covariation across symptoms. The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study provides a rich opportunity to study the development of the GFP. However, a variety of approaches for modeling the GFP have emerged, raising questions about how modeling choices impact estimated GFP scores. We used the ABCD baseline assessment (ages 9-10 years-old; N=11,875) of the parent-rated Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) to examine the implications of modeling the GFP using items versus scales; using a priori CBCL scales versus data-driven dimensions; and using bifactor, higher-order, or single-factor models. Children's rank-ordering on the GFP was stable across models, with GFP scores similarly related to criterion variables. Results suggest that while theoretical debates about modeling the GFP continue, the practical implications of these choices for rank-ordering children and assessing external associations will often be modest.
Using the Performance Diagnostic Checklist to evaluate and promote paraeducators' treatment fidelity.

Abstract Paraeducators, who increasingly serve as implementers for students in special education, can struggle with intervention fidelity. Special educators, often responsible for providing paraeducators with support, receive limited supervision training. From organizational behavior management, the Performance Diagnostic Checklist-Human Services (PDC-HS) is a checklist to detect reasons for poor workplace performance and identify aligned support. Utilizing a multiple baseline design, this study evaluated the impact of PDC-HS indicated implementation support on the intervention fidelity of five paraeducators implementing six behavior intervention plans for students receiving special education services. The PDC-HS indicated that all paraeducators would benefit from behavior skills training and visuals of the plans, in addition to other specific supports for individual paraeducators (e.g., prompts, feedback). These implementation supports were effective in improving intervention fidelity for four paraeducators, whereas one paraeducator (across two students) did not respond to these supports. Changes in student outcomes (i.e., academic engagement, disruptive behavior) were inconsistent, suggesting that the behavior intervention plans may have needed to be revised. Usability data suggested that the PDC-HS and indicated supports were generally acceptable, but revisions may be warranted. The implications of this study for school-based implementation support research are discussed.
Pathophysiology of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in Childhood

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) occurs in subjects of all ages, from the premature infant to through adulthood. Much remains unknown about the pathophysiology of the syndrome. However, research suggests that OSAS in all age groups is due to a combination of both anatomic airway narrowing and abnormal upper airway neuromotor tone impacting the biomechanical properties of the airway in sleep. This chapter discusses the pathophysiologic aspects of this syndrome across childhood.
Barriers and Solutions to Kidney Transplantation for the Undocumented Latinx Community with Kidney Failure.

Latinx people experience a faster progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) to kidney failure and a 1.3-times greater incidence rate of kidney failure compared with non-Latinx White individuals ([1][1]). Despite this, Latinx patients are less likely than non-Latinx White patients to receive
The landscape of gentrification: exploring the diversity of “upgrading” processes in Hong Kong, 1986–2006

In the late twentieth century, Hong Kong experienced a transformation from an industrial to a specialized services and high-tech economy. Accompanying this shift, extensive local redevelopment has fundamentally altered the physical and social characteristics of the city. This analysis explores the physical and social transformation of Hong Kong from 1986 to 2006, examining the diversity of gentrification processes. The specific questions focus on: (1) How extensive are gentrification processes operating within Hong Kong? and (2) What is the role of new-builds in facilitating displacement? Principal component analysis and K-means clustering are used to identify areas within Hong Kong that are experiencing physical and social upgrading. From the quantitative analysis, three neighborhoods—Kennedy Town, Tiu Keng Leng, and Yuen Long—are selected for a qualitative study into the complexity and the diversity of capital reinvestment, social conflict, and displacement.
A Parametric Wind Wave Model for Arbitrary Water Depths

A hybrid parametric wind wave model for arbitrary water depths is presented. The model is derived from an energy flux transport formulation and includes shoaling, refraction, bottom frictional dissipation, as well as finite depth modifications of the atmospheric input and nonlinear wave-wave interaction source terms. The model is applied to predict the wave characteristics resulting from a complex frontal system which passed over the Atlantic Remote Sensing Land Ocean Experiment (ARSLOE) experimental site on October 25, 1980. The overall agreement between predicted and observed wave characteristics (significant wave height, peak frequency and mean wave direction) in 35 m water depth is considered excellent.
Business conversation manager: facilitating people interactions in outsourcing service engagements

People involved in outsourcing services work through collaboration, conversations and ad-hoc activities and often follow guidelines that are described in best practice frameworks. There are two main issues hindering the efficient support of best practice frameworks in outsourcing services: lack of visibility into how the work is done that prevents repeatability, and conducting best practice processes that are ad-hoc and dynamically defined and refined. In this paper, we present Business Conversation Manager (BCM) that enables and drives business conversations among people around best practice processes. It supports the dynamic definition and refinement of a process in a collaborative and flexible manner. The ad-hoc processes are backed with a semiformal process model that maintains the model of interactions and an execution engine. We present the implementation of a prototype BCM and its application in outsourcing services. It supports making processes from best practices among people more transparent, repeatable and traceable.
Sonographically guided enema for intussusception reduction: a safer alternative to fluoroscopy.

Received June 7, 2012, from the Divisions of Pediatric Radiology (T.R.S.S., A.P., C.V.P.) and Pediatric Surgery (J.L.G., L.P.A.), University of California, Davis Children’s Hospital, Sacramento, California USA. Revision requested June 21, 2012. Revised manuscript accepted for publication July 16, 2012. Address correspondence to Thomas Ray S. Sanchez, MD, DepartmentofRadiology, University of California, Davis, 4860 Y St, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. E-mail: thomas.sanchez@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu
NoRIS: supporting computational science activities through learner-centered design

Computational science provides scientists with a variety of tools and methods to help them investigate scientific problems. Computational science is becoming increasingly important, not just for scientists, but also for students who need to gain expertise with similar investigations for their scientific careers. However, because students lack the expertise of professional researchers, complexities arise that pose obstacles to students trying to use computational science to conduct scientific investigations: complexity in the number of diverse investigative tasks to perform, in the lack of tools for supporting certain activities, and in the variety of existing tools and interfaces that students have to learn. In order to address these complexities, we have used learner-centered design to guide the implementation of NoRIS, a computational tool used by nuclear engineering students investigating particle distribution problems. By using different scaffolding strategies, we found that we were able to build a tool that helps support nuclear engineering students investigating problems from their domain.
An inexpensive digital rotation sensor

Abstract A simple digital circuit was developed to sense the direction of rotation of a driveshaft. The circuit outputs a two-bit binary code defining forward, reverse, or stationary states. This sensing device was used in a machine monitoring system for forest engineering research. Hardware development and the application are described.
Theoretical study of ZnO phases using a screened hybrid density functional

We assess two newly developed exchange-correlation functionals on four bulk phases of zinc oxide (ZnO) and compare results with conventional local density and the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof realization of the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). The two functionals assessed are the Tao-Perdew-Staroverov-Scuseria, a nonempirical metageneralized gradient approximation (meta-GGA) functional and the Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof (HSE), a screened exchange hybrid functional. We use Gaussian type orbitals with periodic boundary conditions. For lattice constants and bulk moduli the best agreement with experiment is found for the HSE functional. HSE also gives excellent band gaps and improves the position of the Zn $3d$ band significantly.
Effects of social learning on predator training and postrelease survival in juvenile black-tailed prairie dogs, Cynomys ludovicianus

We examined how social context and experience affected development of antipredator behaviour and subsequent postrelease survival in the black-tailed prairie dog. Captive-reared juveniles were initially exposed to four stimulus animals: a ferret, a rattlesnake, a hawk and a cottontail control (pretraining tests). Subjects were then trained with or without an adult female demonstrator. Training involved exposure to each stimulus animal two to three times over 5 weeks. After training, each juvenile was retested with each stimulus animal (post-training tests). During pretraining tests, juveniles responded differentially to the stimulus animals. They were least active with the snake, fled the most in tests with the hawk, and were less vigilant with the ferret than with the snake. Following training, juveniles trained with experienced adults were more wary with all three predators than juveniles trained without an experienced adult present. We then compared the antipredator behaviour of captive-reared juveniles trained with experienced adult females with that of wild-reared juveniles of the same age. For all behavioural measures except shelter use, wild-experienced animals differentiated more strongly among predator types than did captive-trained juveniles. One year after reintroduction, survivorship of juveniles trained with experienced adults was higher than that of juveniles trained without experienced adults, but did not differ from that of wild-reared juveniles. These findings provide the first evidence that social transmission of antipredator behaviour during training can enhance long-term survival following release and that as long as a social training regime is used, predator avoidance training can emulate experience acquired in the wild.
Low-frequency, self-sustained oscillations in inductively coupled plasmas used for optical pumping

We have investigated very low frequency, on the order of one hertz, self-pulsing in alkali-metal inductively-coupled plasmas (i.e., rf-discharge lamps). This self-pulsing has the potential to significantly vary signal-to-noise ratios and (via the ac-Stark shift) resonant frequencies in optically pumped atomic clocks and magnetometers (e.g., the atomic clocks now flying on GPS and Galileo global navigation system satellites). The phenomenon arises from a nonlinear interaction between the atomic physics of radiation trapping and the plasma's electrical nature. To explain the effect, we have developed an evaporation/condensation theory (EC theory) of the self-pulsing phenomenon.