cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
First-principles evidence of Mn moment canting in hole-doped Ba 1 − 2 x K 2 x Mn 2 As 2

The compound BaFe${}_{2}$As${}_{2}$ is the proptotypical example of the 122 family of high-${T}_{c}$ Fe-based superconductors that crystallize in the ThCr${}_{2}$Si${}_{2}$ structure. Isostructural compounds can be formed by replacing Fe with another transition metal; using Mn produces the material BaMn${}_{2}$As${}_{2}$, which unlike its Fe-based cousin has an insulating ground state with a large magnetic moment of $3.9\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}{\ensuremath{\mu}}_{B}$ and G-type antiferromagnetic order. Despite its lack of superconductivity, the material is interesting in its own right. Recent experimental studies have shown that hole doping the compound by substituting K for Ba leads to metallic behavior and a spontaneous, weak, in-plane magnetization, which was attributed to the holes fully polarizing independent of the Mn moments, producing half-metallic behavior. However, the observed in-plane magnetization can also be understood as a small canting of the Mn moments. Using density functional theory, we demonstrate that a Mn moment canting occurs upon hole doping the compound. We argue that this is due to the competition between the super- and double-exchange interactions, which we support using a simple tight-binding model of the superexchange--double-exchange interaction and the Andersen force theorem. Our calculations also rule out an in-plane polarization of As holes as an explanation for the in-plane magnetization.
Stance Classification of Ideological Debates: Data, Models, Features, and Constraints

Determining the stance expressed in a post written for a two-sided debate in an online debate forum is a relatively new and challenging problem in opinion mining. We seek to gain a better understanding of how to improve machine learning approaches to stance classification of ideological debates, specifically by examining how the performance of a learning-based stance classification system varies with the amount and quality of the training data, the complexity of the underlying model, the richness of the feature set, as well as the application of extra-linguistic constraints.
Alemtuzumab pretreatment and tacrolimus monotherapy in living-donor liver and kidney transplantation.

We previously described the use of alemtuzumab as a pretreatment agent in 207 living-donor renal transplants, a trial that represented the largest series to date of live-donor renal and liver transplant recipients undergoing alemtuzumab pretreatment, and confirmed the short-term safety, efficacy and cost–effectiveness of this approach. This paper examines the use of the immunosuppressive combination of alemtuzumab and tacrolimus monotherapy in 47 patients with right-lobe adult living-donor liver transplantation.
The Evaluation of Discovery Services at Lynchburg College: 2009−2010

Web-scale discovery tools are an exciting development in library technology, promising to provide a single search interface to the many different information resources that libraries provide. As they remain in the early stages of their development, evaluating the different products has been challenging. This is a short history of how the librarians of the Knight-Capron Library at Lynchburg College approached this challenge.
Direct methane conversion to methanol by ionic liquid-dissolved platinum catalysts

Ternary systems of inorganic Pt salts and oxides, ionic liquids and concentrated sulfuric acid are effective at catalyzing the direct, selective oxidation of methane to methanol and appear to be more water tolerant than the Catalytica reaction.
A simple derivation of the undetected error probabilities of complementary codes

Recently, Fu, Klove, and Wei (2003) have shown that the undetected error probability of a binary code is related to that of its complement, and the undetected error probability of a constant-weight binary code is related to that of its complement relative to the set of all constant-weight vectors. We generalize these relations to cover the complements of any binary or nonbinary code relative to a distance-invariant code containing the first code. We prove the generalization using a much simpler argument than the published proofs of the special cases.
Pre‐Renal Azotaemia in a Pony with an Oesophageal Obstruction

SUMMARY A case of pre-renal azotaemia is described in a 12 year old pony resulting from oesophageal obstruction of 8 days duration. Blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, calcium, inorganic phosphate, sodium, potassium, chloride and bicarbonate concentrations were monitored throughout the recovery period. After relief of the obstruction normal blood concentrations were quickly restored. RESUME Un cas est decrit chez un poney de douze ans qui eut une obstruction oesophagienne durant huit jours. L'uree sanguine, la creatin, la calcemie, la phosphatemie, la natremie, la kaliemie, la chloremie et la concentration sanguine de bicarbonate furent controles durant la convalescence. Les valeurs sanguines revinrent a la normale rapidement. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Ein Fall von praerenaler Azotaemie wird bei einem 12-jahrigen Pony beschrieben, das an einem Oesophagus-Verschluss von achttagiger Dauer gelitten hat. Harnstoff-Stickstoff-, Creatinin-, Calcium-, anorganischer Phosphor-, Natrium-, Kalium-, Chlorid- und Bicar-bonatkonzentrationen im Blut wurden wahrend der Erholungszeit des Ponys genau verfolgt. Nach der Behebung der Obstruktion stellten sich die normalen Blutkonzentrationen rasch wieder her.
Obesity: overview of prevalence, etiology, and treatment.

Obesity is a worldwide epidemic1 that is characterized by excess adipose tissue and that contributes to numerous chronic diseases2 and early mortality.3,4 This epidemic has received both national and international attention because of obesity's detrimental impact on health, the enormous economic burden it imposes,5 and its increasing prevalence. The adverse health consequences associated with obesity include cardiovascular disease6,7; stroke; type 2 diabetes mellitus8; hypertension; dyslipidemia; cancers of the breast, endometrium, prostate, and colon9,10; gallbladder disease; osteoarthritis11–13 respiratory problems, including asthma14 and sleep apnea15; and perhaps depression.16,17 Furthermore, aerobic capacity and the ability to perform physical activities may be hindered by obesity,18,19 and this may have implications for physical therapists' interventions. In addition to the increased morbidity and functional limitations associated with obesity, approximately 325,000 deaths in the United States each year among nonsmokers are attributable to obesity.20 We will discuss the prevalence of obesity, its etiology in the context of our environment, and the currently available treatment modalities. The most commonly used method today for classifying an individual as overweight or obese is based on body mass index (BMI), a value that is determined by dividing body weight (in kilograms) by the square of height (in meters). In adults, overweight is defined by a BMI of ≥25.0 kg/m2, and obesity is defined by a BMI of ≥30.0 kg/m2, regardless of sex. The World Health Organization distinguishes several BMI categories based on increasing health risks (Table).21 Despite these categorizations, however, the adverse health effects of overweight and obesity occur along a continuum of increasing adiposity. The use of BMI to assess weight-related health risk has gained …
Alzheimer’s Disease and the Family: Current Research

The prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) continues to increase. With greater numbers of individuals living longer, the chances of developing or knowing a family member who will develop AD is also greater. Thus, the importance for family counselors to be cognizant of the issues related to counseling a family with a member who has AD is paramount. This article reviews current research on family caregivers’ needs and experiences with AD.
The sleep therapies of depression.

Abstract 1. 1. This paper reviews five different types of deliberate sleep-wake manipulations which are reported to have antidepressant effects: total sleep deprivation, partial sleep deprivation, a phase advance of the sleep periods and REM deprivation. 2. 2. The effects of total sleep deprivation are best documented. Of 852 depressed patients studied, 493 or 57.9% improved following sleep deprivation. 3. 3. The REM deprivation procedure acts more slowly, but is of more lasting clinical value tha the other forms. 4. 4. Partial sleep deprivation during the second half of the night may be as good as total sleep deprivation and better tolerated. 5. 5. The findings are reviewed in terms of psychological, neurophysiological, biochemical and chronobiological perspectives.
Seasonal and Interannual Variations in Stratiform and Convective Clouds over the Tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans from Ship Observations

Abstract Anomalies in frequency of occurrence of stratiform and convective cloud types identified by volunteer observing ships are related to anomalies in SST and surface wind divergence for the tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans for the period December 1952–December 1992. Cloud type frequency anomalies have also been related to outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) anomalies for the period 1979–91. The strongest cloud frequency signals are associated with the seasonal shift in the ITCZ and with the first empirical orthogonal function of SST after removal of the annual cycle. The latter corresponds to the annually averaged SST signature of ENSO. Data are separated into two seasons to display these signatures: January–May corresponding to warm eastern Pacific equatorial SST and July–November corresponding to cool eastern Pacific equatorial SST. Relationships between cloud type frequencies, SST, and divergence are generally similar for spatial variations within each season, and for seasonal and ENSO-related dif...
States of Obligation: Taxes and Citizenship in The Russian Empire and Early Soviet Republic

Many have portrayed death and taxes as life's only certainties. Kotsonis's book masterfully disrupts many of our certainties about Russian history by examining taxation as a nexus of key categories...
Gender and time use in college Converging or Diverging Pathways

Gender differences in children’s and adults’ time use are well documented, but few have examined the intervening period—young adulthood. Because many Americans navigate higher education in young adulthood, college time use provides insight into how gendered behaviors evolve during this critical life stage. Using three years of time use data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Freshmen and latent transition analysis, I examine gender differences in time use within and across the college years for those in selective institutions. Among students whose time use is consistent throughout college, I find that women exhibit academically-oriented time use more often, and men exhibit socially oriented time use more often. However, many men transition from social time use at the beginning of college to academic time use toward the end—to the extent that gender gaps in academic time use converge by the third year. I argue that men and women construct distinct college pathways, and that men, in particular, must r...
Stasis in Space! Viewing Definitional Conflicts Surrounding the James Webb Space Telescope Funding Debate

ABSTRACTDuring 2010 and 2011, debate ensued over funding for National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). This article uses stasis theory to analyze reports and statements produced by NASA, politicians, and scientists. The analysis reveals that an official report addresses stasis questions and guides further action. Additionally, varying perspectives on the telescope suggest that definitions play a crucial role in technology funding debates. This analysis demonstrates that stasis theory provides a productive tool for analyzing technology policy debates.
Hydrogen Permeation through fcc Pd―Au Alloy Membranes

H permeabilities have been measured for a series of fcc Pd–Au alloy membranes in the temperature range from 393 to 573 K. The maximum permeability is found at the atom fraction of Au, XAu = 0.11 ± 0.01, which closely agrees with a theoretically predicted value (Sonwane, C.; Wilcox, J.; Ma, Y. J. Chem. Phys.2006, 125, 184714). For a series of Pd–Au alloy membranes with different Au contents, diffusion constants, activation energies, and pre-exponential factors have been determined as a function of H content. H concentration-independent values of these parameters have been obtained by extrapolation to H→0 where the H solution behaves ideally.
The change of petrophysical parameters during injection-production process

Many oil and gas reservoirs in China are recovered through maintaining pressure, and some depleted reservoirs are stimulated for their gas reserves. Repeated injection and production of reservoir fluids had led to the change of pressure difference inside and outside of pores and the change of rock compressibility, porosity and permeability. This study uses artificial core and tests the compressibility, porosity and permeability of rock through repeated rising and declining of confining pressure. The result shows that petrophysical parameters change with pressure. Different porosity may lead to the change of other parameters. There is a lag-effect in permeability change with pressure.
Pathogen spectrum of respiratory viruses in children of Shaoguan, 2010-2012

Objective To characterize pathogen distribution of respiratory viruses in children of Shaoguan city for efficiently preventing the respiratory tract infection. Methods Respiratory virus were identified from sputum and throat swabs collected from children with respiratory symptom in Yuebei hospital during July 2010 to July 2012.Fourteen common respiratory viruses were detected by Real-time PCR. Results Totally 93 positive samples were identified from all the 171 specimens, with the positive rate of 54.4%. FluA was the dominated type of infection, accounting for 8.2% of the 93 patients. Accordingly, the proportion of other viruses were respectively :ADV,7.6%;HRV,7.6%; PIVⅠ / Ⅱ / Ⅲ,7.0%; RSV,6.4%; FluB,5.8%; BoV,5.3%; MPV,3.5% and HCoV-OC43 / HKU1,2.9%. There was no statistical gender difference was detected in term of the positive rate of respiratory tract virus infection(P 0.05). The positive rate in children up age of 6 months was the lowest(37.5%), and the positive rate of children with age of 1-3 years was the highest(62.1%). Conclusion Flu-A, adenovirus and human rhinovirus were the main pathogens leading to the fever respiratory infections in children in Shaoguan region.
Coordinated multi-agent reinforcement learning in networked distributed POMDPs

In many multi-agent applications such as distributed sensor nets, a network of agents act collaboratively under uncertainty and local interactions. Networked Distributed POMDP (ND-POMDP) provides a framework to model such cooperative multi-agent decision making. Existing work on ND-POMDPs has focused on offline techniques that require accurate models, which are usually costly to obtain in practice. This paper presents a model-free, scalable learning approach that synthesizes multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) and distributed constraint optimization (DCOP). By exploiting structured interaction in ND-POMDPs, our approach distributes the learning of the joint policy and employs DCOP techniques to coordinate distributed learning to ensure the global learning performance. Our approach can learn a globally optimal policy for ND-POMDPs with a property called groupwise observability. Experimental results show that, with communication during learning and execution, our approach significantly outperforms the nearly-optimal non-communication policies computed offline.
Use of force

Use of Force: A Brief Background As Article 1(1) and (2) of the UN Charter state, the primary purposes of the United Nations are: 1. To maintain international peace and security, and to that end: to take effective collective measures for the prevention and removal of threats to the peace, and for the suppression of acts of aggression or other breaches of the peace, and to bring about by peaceful means, and in conformity with the principles of justice and international law, adjustment or settlement of international disputes or situations which might lead to a breach of the peace; and 2. To develop friendly relations among nations based on respect for the principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples, and to take other appropriate measures to strengthen universal peace. Moreover, as I have noted elsewhere, “[t]he ‘law’ on the use of force that has developed through the United Nations is substantial indeed.” The focus in this chapter is on the jus ad bellum (the recourse to force) rather than on the jus in bello (the conduct of combatants in armed conflict). Aside from a parenthetical reference or two, this chapter does not discuss jus in bello issues. Elsewhere, also, I have discussed the jus ad bellum in considerable detail. There will be no effort to reprise this discussion in this chapter.
Inherited prestige: Intergenerational access to selective universities in the United States

Abstract Given the many economic and social benefits conferred upon the graduates of selective universities, it is important to understand the avenues through which socioeconomically advantaged students access selective postsecondary institutions. Prior research documents that parental level of education, occupation, and income are associated with the likelihood that a child will attend a selective university. Our study builds upon this literature in examining whether the selectivity of a parent’s undergraduate degree contributes to a child enrolling in a selective university, independent of family income, ascriptive characteristics, and child academic ability. We find that having a parent who graduated from a selective university is associated with a three-fold increase in the likelihood that a child will attend a selective university, even when we control for a variety of family advantages. These findings shed further light on the role of education in processes of social mobility and intergenerational inequality by showing that elites transmit status to their children through the type of institutions accessed in addition to the level of education attained.
Fostering student professionalism and leadership in distance pharmacy programs

I the last decade, many schools and colleges of pharmacy have expanded their enrollment by adding distance education sites. These new campuses are responsible for delivering an identical or equivalent curriculum and for meeting the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education’s Standards and Guidelines for the Professional Program in Pharmacy Leading to the Doctor of Pharmacy Degree. A number these standards specify that pharmacy programs are responsible for developing student professionalism and leadership in their students. Developing activities to meet these standards can be challenging in the distance campus environment. Opportunities for the development of student professionalism must be incorporated into the didactic and experiential curriculum as well as in activities outside of the curriculum. Professional student organizations offer many opportunities for faculty to foster student professionalism and leadership. Jennifer Williams, Clinic Pharmacol Biopharmaceut 2013, 2:3 http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2167-065X.S1.002
Reliability of high-performance AlInAs/GaInAs heterojunction bipolar transistors under forward bias and temperature stress

We report, for the first time, on the reliability of AlInAs/GaInAs heterojunction bipolar transistors. This is also the first report on the reliability of a high-performance millimeter-wave HBT. Devices with MBE grown base Be doping levels of 5-10*10/sup 19/ cm/sup -3/ and base thickness of approximately 50 nm displayed no sign of Be diffusion under applied bias (i.e. drift in V/sub BE/ or beta ). Excellent stability in DC current gain and base-emitter junction characteristics was observed. Degradation of the base-collector junction was used as failure criteria to project a MTTF of more than 10/sup 7/ hours at 125 degrees C with an activation energy of 1.92 eV. >
Abstract C73: Prevalence of HPV DNA testing among a diverse sample of uninsured and underinsured women in New Jersey

Introduction: Beginning in 2004, high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) testing using the Hybrid Capture 2 gene test was approved for use concurrently with cytology (co-testing) as a primary cervical cancer screening test for women age ≥30 years. However, little population-based data exist on the utilization of HPV testing in the United States, particularly for underserved women with higher risk of developing cervical cancer. The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence of HPV testing among a diverse sample of uninsured and underinsured women using data from the New Jersey Cancer Early Education and Detection (NJCEED) Program. Methods: De-identified data were obtained from NJCEED for women screened at least once for cervical cancer through the program between 2002 and 2015. Descriptive statistics (means and standard deviations [SD]) were used to examine prevalence of HPV testing. T-tests and Chi square tests were used to examine differences in participant characteristics (age, race/ethnicity, country of origin) by HPV test status (had HPV DNA test vs. did not have HPV DNA test) during the study period. Results: From 2002 to 2015, 16,428 (14.1%) of the 116,313 women (mean age 46 years) enrolled in NJCEED had a HPV DNA test. Most of the participants were ≥30 years (88.2%) and of minority race/ethnicity (72.9%). Utilization of HPV DNA testing differed significantly (all P-values Conclusions: These findings from a large population-based study in New Jersey show than less than 15% of uninsured and underinsured women had a HPV DNA test done between 2002 and 2015 and that there are differences in the utilization of HPV DNA testing by sociodemographic characteristics. Further analysis will explore significant determinants of utilization of HPV DNA testing and prevalence of high-risk HPV positivity in this population. As cervical cancer continues to disproportionately burden economically disadvantaged groups and racial/ethnic minorities, it is essential that we increase our understanding of the causes of low cervical cancer screening rates among groups that may benefit most from screening and ultimately develop interventions for addressing this important issue. Citation Format: Adana A.M. Llanos, Jennifer Tsui, David Rotter, Lindsey Toler, Candido A. Africa III, Antoinette M. Stroup. Prevalence of HPV DNA testing among a diverse sample of uninsured and underinsured women in New Jersey. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Ninth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2016 Sep 25-28; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(2 Suppl):Abstract nr C73.
Chemical Peels in Ethnic Skin

Chemical peels are an increasingly popular method for skin rejuvenation and removal of hyperpigmentation. In skin of color, superficial to medium-depth peels are most typically used to reduce the risk of scarring and dyspigmentation. Common peeling agents include alpha-hydroxy acids, beta-hydroxy acids, trichloroacetic acid, Jessner’s solution, and retinoids. Taking into account the patient’s phototype, race, ethnicity, treatment indication, and response to prior procedures, clinicians can carefully choose a peeling agent with appropriate titration concentrations to maximize clinical benefit while minimizing the risk of complications.
Pulsed-Neutron Activation Analysis System for Short-Lived Radioisotopes

A pulsed-neutron activation analysis system capable of handling and analyzing short-lived radioisotopes with half-lives as short as 1 to 2 sec was developed. Since a single reactor pulse will induc...
An appreciation of the chemistry contributions of Professor Trevor M. Letcher

Abstract This is an appreciation of the many contributions to the field of chemistry by Professor Trevor M. Letcher in the year of his 80th birthday. Professor Letcher has published on chemical education, the thermodynamics of solutions, practical industrial applications, and edited a number of special books on various subjects such as the environment and thermodynamic relationships, among many other subjects. Included herein is a brief biography, a bit about his family, a brief discussion of several publications, a list of his edited books, and an introduction to the papers submitted in his honour.
Implantable cardioverter defibrillators and biventricular pacing in pediatric dilated cardiomyopathy: Preventing death and delaying heart transplant

Abstract Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a frequent cause of mortality and heart transplantation in pediatric patients. Device therapy has been shown to improve mortality and transplantation rates in adult patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. However, the criteria that are used to guide implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) devices in adult patients cannot be directly applied to pediatric patients. ICDs are a proven treatment for the prevention of sudden cardiac death (SCD), but it is difficult to quantify SCD in the pediatric DCM population. CRT has been proven to improve hemodynamic function, quality of life, and survival in adult patients with cardiomyopathy, but similar data in pediatric patients in not available. Currently, providers have to extrapolate adult criteria for CRT initiation for pediatric patients while tailoring the approach specifically for each patient due to the heterogeneity of disease and the range of ages. To create evidence-based guidelines for device therapy in pediatric patients with DCM, additional studies need to be done to quantify the risks factors for SCD as well as to understand the relationship between mechanical and electrical dyssynchrony. Additionally, there are no devices that are specifically designed for pediatric use, which can add to the risk of device implantation. As new devices and new approaches to device implantation are developed, we will be better able to reduce mortality and delay heart transplantation in pediatric DCM patients.
A DAE Framework for Modeling and Control of Reactive Distillation Columns

Abstract A detailed dynamic model incorporating the vapor dynamics is derived for reactive distillation columns. The modeling equations consist of nonlinear coupled differential and algebraic equations of index two. The open-loop behavior of the DAE model is compared with that of conventional ODE models derived under the assumption of negligible vapor holdup, to illustrate the importance of including the vapor phase dynamics in the combined reaction/separation operation. An output feedback controller is derived on the basis of the DAE model and its superior performance over an analogous controller derived on the basis of the ODE model is demonstrated through simulations.
Fibrillin and elastin networks in extrafusal tissue and muscle spindles of bovine extraocular muscles.

PURPOSE Bovine extraocular rectus muscles were examined to map the distribution of elastin and fibrillin in extrafusal tissue and muscle spindles. METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques and immunolocalization were employed to pin-point the placement of molecules relative to muscle fibers. RESULTS Strands containing elastin and fibrillin surrounded all extrafusal fibers. They also covered the external surface of intrafusal fibers, more extensively at the equator than at the pole. Within strands elastin was placed in the center, whereas fibrillin was located in microfibrils on the periphery. CONCLUSIONS The wide distribution in extrafusal tissue of elastin and fibrillin suggests that they are factors in determining the mechanical properties of extraocular muscles. Their placement in proximity to individual intrafusal fibers should affect the viscoelastic properties of these fibers and, thus, influence the dimensions of the afferent discharge.
Stochastic Dominance and Transformations of Random Variables

During the past twenty years, the term stochastic dominance (SD) has been used by economists to describe a particular set of rules for ranking random variables. These rules apply to pairs of random variables, and indicate when one is to be ranked higher than the other by specifying a condition which the difference between their cumulative distribution functions (CDF) must satisfy. Various SD ranking procedures have been employed in both empirical and theoretical analysis. First degree stochastic dominance, second degree stochastic dominance, and Rothschild and Stiglitz’ definition of increasing risk are prominent examples.
Abstract TP211: Gray and White Matter Hemodynamics and Metabolism Measured Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Background: Reliable methods used to measure cerebral hemodynamics, metabolism and autoregulation are time-consuming and invasive. Objectives: We sought to measure cerebral blood flow (CBF), oxygen...
Grassroots Intervention to Increase Appointment of Pediatric Emergency Care Coordinators in Massachusetts Emergency Departments.

OBJECTIVES Appointment of a pediatric emergency care coordinator (PECC) is considered the single best intervention to improve pediatric emergency care and has been recommended for all U.S. general emergency departments (EDs) for more than a decade. Unfortunately, many EDs do not adhere with this recommendation. In 2017, we performed a grassroots intervention to establish a PECC in every Massachusetts ED. METHODS We conducted annual surveys of all 73 Massachusetts EDs from 2014 to 2018. Data collection included ED visit volumes, presence of a pediatric area, and PECC status. The intervention in 2017-2018 included e-mails and telephone calls to every ED director to not only assess PECC status but also encourage him/her to appoint one as needed. RESULTS Survey response rates were > 85% in all years and 100% during 2016 to 2018. While Massachusetts EDs did not materially change over time (in terms of visit volumes or presence of a pediatric area), the 2017 intervention increased the percentage of EDs with an appointed PECC. Specifically, PECCs were present in approximately 30% of EDs during 2014 to 2016, climbed to 85% in 2017, and reached 100% in 2018. Most of the newly appointed PECCs were physicians. CONCLUSIONS Through a relatively simple grassroots intervention, we increased the appointment of PECCs in Massachusetts EDs from 30% to 100%. In addition to providing PECCs with online educational materials, ongoing work is focused on building community, identifying best practices, and implementing interventions at the local level.
Power oscillation coordination damping control strategy of DFIG for fault ride through after clearing the fault

Wind turbines should have fault ride through capability, and also it can provide damping for the power grid by improving the control strategy. However, the currently corresponding control strategy is designed independent for the fault voltage through control and damping control. If the fault ride through control and damping control of a converter is uncoordinated under the grid fault, the output of the two control branches can be superimposed, which will affect the output power dynamic performance of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) after clearing the fault. At the same time the overcurrent and other issues may occur in serious cases, and even lead to DFIG trip off. Based on the dynamic process analysis of DFIG after clearing the fault, an additional damping controller in the rotor side converter control of DFIG is designed, which damps the system low-frequency oscillation by modulating the rotor active current component. A coordination damping control strategy of DFIG based on a fault ride through control and damping control is proposed for damping the power oscillation after clearing the fault, the correctness of the proposed control method has been verified through time-domain simulation.
Recovery from MPTP-Induced Parkinsonism in Monkeys and Cats: Similar Mechanisms?

Abstract Administration of the dopamine neurotoxin MPTP can produce severe parkinsonism in both monkeys and cats and results in a heterogeneous loss of striatal dopamine with the dorsolateral striatum more heavily denervated than the ventromedial striatum. Spontaneous recovery of function has been noted in some monkeys and all cats that have been made parkinsonian by MPTP and is accompanied by minor differences in dorsal striatal dopamine levels but larger increases in ventral striatal dopamine levels. GM1 ganglioside treatment also results in functional recovery and a larger increase in ventral striatal vs. dorsal striatal dopamine levels. Preliminary studies have suggested that in the cat, dopamine can apparently diffuse from the ventromedial striatum to the dorsolateral striatum under conditions of reuptake inhibition or after extensive denervation. The suggestion is made that perhaps functional recovery in some monkeys and in cats following an MPTP-induced lesion results at least in part from increased release of ventral striatal dopamine which, in the absence of normal reuptake mechanisms, diffuses to the dorsal striatum where it may influence post-synaptic neurons and potentially contribute to functional recovery. The field of Parkinson's disease research has been revitalized in large part due to the development of new animal models of parkinsonism primarily based upon the use of the dopaminergic neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). This toxin has been used in a wide variety of animal species in an attempt to create an appropriate animal model of parkinsonism and to study mechanisms responsible for dopamine neuron degeneration and responses to injury. Human Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a slow, progressive degeneration of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) dopaminergic neurons. While the severity and nature of the symptoms of PD vary from patient to patient, all patients typically worsen over time and spontaneous improvement in clinical symptoms does not occur. 4 In contrast to this, MPTP-induced parkinsonism in animals can have at least some spontaneous reversal of symptoms over time. 2, 5, 17 Interestingly, humans with MPTP-induced parkinsonism do not improve over time. This paper will present some of our findings concerning spontaneous and ganglioside-induced recovery from MPTP-induced parkinsonism and discuss what might be common mechanisms responsible for these two conditions.
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Associated With Parvovirus B19 in a Patient With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare and life-threatening condition characterized by widespread inflammation due to massive immune activation and cytokine release. It is of 2 types, primary or familial and secondary or acquired. Diagnosis is made by fulfilling 5 of 8 criteria as determined by the Histiocyte Society. Treatment includes etoposide, dexamethasone, with or without intrathecal methotrexate in the presence of neurologic involvement as well as treating the underlying cause in secondary HLH. We present a case of a 23-year-old female with congenital human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who presents with nonspecific signs and symptoms of cough, fever, leukopenia, and anemia, and a high-serum parvovirus B19 DNA, later diagnosed with HLH and treated with etoposide and dexamethasone. She made clinical improvements and was successfully discharged to home after 26 days of admission.
Rectifying the chemisorption – XRD discrepancy of carbon supported Pd: Residual chloride and/or carbon decoration

Abstract A conspicuous discrepancy is prevalent in the characterization of carbon supported palladium catalysts: particle size estimated by XRD and electron microscopy agree, while the chemisorption of hydrogen is substantially suppressed with respect to the small size measured by XRD/STEM. In this work, a systematic study of carbon materials, pretreatments, and characterization has isolated the contributions of carbon decoration and residual chloride, both of which can cause a chemisorption shortfall. The degree of decoration decreases with graphitization of the carbon supports due to stronger C C interaction, whereas increased density of oxygen functional groups on the surface increases decoration, due to enhanced Pd-C interactions. The discrepancy can be rectified by employing a low temperature burnoff of the decorating carbon layers prior to chemisorption, and by using metal precursors without chloride ligands or counterions.
Availability of previously lost data and metadata from the Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package (ALSEP)

Abstract Fourteen types of geophysical instruments deployed at the Apollo 12, 14, 15, 16, and 17 sites by the astronauts for long-term observation were collectively called the Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package (ALSEP). These instruments were active from the times of their deployment (November 1969–December 1972) to September 1977. At the conclusion of the experiments, the raw instrument data received from the Moon prior to March 1976 were left unarchived. Portions of the data processed by the principal investigators (PIs) of these experiments had been archived at the NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive (NSSDCA) in various formats. The unarchived data, residing then on open-reel magnetic tapes, became lost in the decades since, along with much of the metadata (the supporting documents for these data). We have recently recovered 440 of the previously lost tapes, containing raw ALSEP instrument data from April through June of 1975. Here we describe the data extracted from these tapes and summarize the data products generated for archiving at the NASA Planetary Data System (PDS) and NSSDCA, along with their historical narrative. In addition, we have reformatted many of the datasets delivered to NSSDCA by the PIs in the 1970s for archiving at the PDS. Finally, we have compiled an online searchable repository of ALSEP-related documents by optically scanning tens of thousands of pages of them kept at the Lunar and Planetary Institute in Texas.
Automated Electronic Phenotyping of Cardioembolic Stroke.

Background and Purpose: Oral anticoagulation is generally indicated for cardioembolic strokes, but not for other stroke causes. Consequently, subtype classification of ischemic stroke is important ...
A Simple Unit Root Test For Near-I(2) Time Series

We consider the problem of testing for unit root in time series where the error term of the series is near unit root. As the error term approaches unit root, existing tests no longer retain reasonable small sample properties. We introduce a test statistic that is well-behaved in small sample under such condition. Empirical applications reject the unit root null hypothesis for macroeconomic series, such as unemployment and consumer prices, where conventional unit root tests have been unable to do so.
A High-Frequency Planar Transformer with Medium-Voltage Isolation

This paper presents the design of a low-loss, high-frequency planar transformer having medium-voltage (10’s of kV) isolation capability while transformer primary and secondary windings are interleaved to reduce losses. Medium-voltage isolation between adjacent printed circuit board (PCB) layers is extremely challenging using traditional PCB dielectrics. The isolation requirement is met using PCB with 7 kV/mil polyimide (Panasonic Felios RF775) as the dielectric, and by an appropriate layout of the windings and the inter-winding vias. The transformer is used to implement a dual active bridge (DAB) converter in a stackable dc-ac architecture where the dc port is connected to a photovoltaic (PV) string and ac outputs are connected in series to achieve direct PV string-to-medium voltage conversion without the need for low-voltage collection or a bulky line frequency transformer. Since each DAB transformer processes time-varying power, a design methodology is developed to minimize line-cycle-averaged losses. Experimental results are presented for a 1:1 planar transformer in a 7.5 kW SiC-based dc-to-ac module operating at 200 kHz. Isolation of 26 kV between the primary and secondary layers and between the windings and the core is verified using a hipot tester.
Examination of a Tiered Training Model to Increase School Psychology Graduate Students' Behavior Specific Praise.

Several strategies (e.g., performance feedback, video models, tactile prompting) have been found to be effective for improving preservice teachers’ use of foundational behavior management skills. However, there is limited research examining these training strategies for promoting preservice clinicians’ use of evidence-based behavior management skills. Furthermore, when these strategies are utilized, personnel receiving training often respond differentially. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a tiered training model that incorporated performance feedback, video models, and tactile prompts to increase school psychology graduate students’ rates of behavior specific praise during one-to-one sessions with child clients. Results indicated that rates of behavior specific praise increased and maintained across time. Findings, limitations, and directions for future research are discussed.
Opioid use disorder treatment in rural settings: The primary care perspective.

Abstract Despite the efficacy of medications for treating opioid use disorder (OUD), they are underutilized, especially in rural areas. Our objectives were to determine the association between primary care practitioners (PCPs) rurality and concerns for patient substance use, and to identify factors associated with PCP comfort treating OUD, focusing on barriers to treatment. We developed a web-based survey completed by 116 adult-serving PCPs located in Vermont's rural and non-rural counties between April–August 2020. The instrument included PCP-identified concerns for substance use among patients, barriers to treating patients with OUD, and current level of comfort treating patients with OUD. On a scale from 0 to 10, rural PCPs reported higher concern for heroin (mean difference; Mdiff = 1.38, 95% CI: 0.13 to 2.63), fentanyl (Mdiff = 1.52, 95% CI: 0.29 to 2.74), and methamphetamine (Mdiff = 1.61, 95% CI: 0.33 to 2.90) use among patients compared to non-rural PCPs, and practitioners in both settings expressed high concern regarding their patients' use of tobacco (7.6 out of 10) and alcohol (7.0 out of 10). There was no difference in reported comfort in treating patients with OUD among rural vs. non-rural PCPs (Mdiff = 0.65, 95%CI: 0.17 to 1.46; P = 0.119), controlling for higher comfort among male PCPs and those waivered to prescribe buprenorphine (Ps
Information Frictions and Heterogeneity in Valuations of Personal Data

We investigate how consumer valuations of personal data are affected by real-world information interventions. Proposals to compensate users for the information they disclose to online services have been advanced in both research and policy circles. These proposals are hampered by information frictions that limit consumers' ability to assess the value of their own data. We use an incentive-compatible mechanism to capture consumers’ willingness to share their social media data for monetary compensation, and estimate distributions of valuations of social media data before and after an information treatment. We find evidence of significant dispersion and heterogeneity in valuations before the information intervention, with women and Black and low-income individuals reporting systematically lower valuations than other groups. After an information intervention, we detect significant revisions in valuations, concentrated among individuals with low initial valuations. Dispersion and heterogeneity in valuations across these demographic groups decrease but persist after the information intervention. The findings suggest that strategies aimed at reducing information asymmetries in markets for personal data may increase consumer welfare. At the same time, the findings highlight how consumer valuations of personal data are only in part influenced by market information.
Audiovisual Sensory Integration Using Hidden Markov Models

An improved method of integrating audio and visual information in an audiovisual hidden Markov model based ASR system is investigated. The method uses an adaptive integration formula, which incorporates the integration into the HMM at a pre-categorical stage. A visual weighting parameter is determined automatically from HMM probability estimates; this allows the relative contribution of audio and visual information to be adjusted adaptively. Discrimination experiments were performed on a set of 22 consonants. The new method resulted in an error rate which was reduced by up to 25%, compared to a fixed parameter method. The greatest improvement occurred at low signal to noise ratios.
Parameters of Fibroplasia in Renal Microvasculature

Intimal fibroplasia in the microscopic renal arteries appears to be of the quiescent form, never emerging in the aggressive form. This conclusion is confirmed here under a wide range of ages and intimal thicknesses. This could explain why atheroma never occurs in this part of the arterial tree, because conditions never exist for sequestration of atherogenic lipids.
Individual Characteristics and Web-Based Courses

Publisher Summary The research on aptitude–treatment interaction (ATI) focuses on performance and how it is influenced by the individual characteristics of a student when the presentation format differs. The basic assumption is that for some instructional strategies, the treatments are more or less effective for particular individuals depending on their specific abilities and aptitudes. ATI suggests that optimal learning occurs when the instruction is exactly matched to the aptitudes of the learner. However, the major impediments to arriving at conclusive results in the line of research are in defining and measuring aptitude and outcome. Thus, while most educators and lay people intuitively believe that individual differences and teaching methods make a difference in performance, the empirical evidence on this issue is inconclusive. Furthermore, the issue facing distance educators is not just the impact of the medium or the individual characteristics of the successful learner; the issue is how to determine the significance of the interaction between the two.
Norm Based Optimally Robust Control of Constrained Discrete Time Linear Systems

Most realistic control problems involve both some type of time-domain constraints and model uncertainty. However, the majority of controller design procedures currently available focus only on one aspect of the problem, with only a handful of method capable of simultaneously addressing, albeit in a limited fashion, both issues. In this paper we propose a simple design procedure that takes explicitly into account both time domain constraints and model uncertainty. Specifically, we use a operator norm approach to define a simple robustness measure for constrained systems. The available degrees of freedom are then used to optimize this measure subject to additional performance specifications. We believe that the results presented here provide a useful new approach for designing controllers capable of yielding good performance under substantial uncertainty while meeting design constraints.