cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Radioluminescent Light Source for the Development of Optical Sensor Arrays

A radioluminescent (RL) light source is evaluated for the development of photonically based chemical-responsive sensor arrays (CRSAs). The RL light source is comprised of a strontium-90 (90Sr) radionuclide and a plastic scintillator. The beta particles emitted from the 90Sr generate blue light (lambda(max) = 435 nm) from the plastic scintillator, and the blue light excites the analyte-responsive luminophores within the CRSA. To assess the RL light source utility, we have determined the analytical figures of merit from two tris(4,7'-diphenyl-1,10'-phenathroline)ruthenium(II)-doped xerogel-based sensor platforms: (i) a planar 5 x 5 multielement array and (ii) a discrete sensor element formed on the proximal face of poly(styrene) pillars that have a frustrated cone (frustum) geometry. We compare the performance from each platform when it is excited by a He-Cd laser (442 nm), a blue light-emitting diode (460-470 nm), and the RL light source. The RL light source yields results that are statistically equivalent to results from either electrically powered light source. The RL light source consumes no electrical power, is compact and simple, and has an extremely stable time-averaged signal. The primary trade-offs for these advantages are the RL light source's lower radiant power and the corresponding longer data acquisition times.
Hypercalcemia Associated With Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism Managed Conservatively With Pamidronate in a Hemodialysis Patient

Secondary hyperparathyroidism and the associated metabolic abnormalities are common complications of chronic kidney disease. When these disorders cannot be managed by conventional measures, including phosphate restriction, phosphate binders, vitamin D therapy, and calcimimetics, tertiary hyperparathyroidism and the associated metabolic abnormalities may develop. In such cases parathyroidectomy is required. We report a case in which a patient with tertiary hyperparathyroidism and refractory hypercalcemia who was not a surgical candidate was managed with the bisphosphonate pamidronate. This patient had failed conventional measures to manage hypercalcemia and presented with mental status changes. Pamidronate therapy was associated with a sustained decrease in serum calcium concentration and improvement in clinical symptoms. This is the first case, to our knowledge, in which pamidronate was used in a patient refractory to all other reasonable medical management, including calcimimetics.
Proton assisted insensitive nuclei cross polarization.

This Communication presents a solid-state NMR 15N−13C polarization transfer scheme applicable at high B0 and high MAS frequencies, requiring moderate rf powers and mixing time (1−6 ms). The sequence, PAIN-CP, involves the abundant nearby protons in the heteronuclear recoupling dynamics and provides a new tool for obtaining long distance 15N−13C contacts. It should be of major interest for biomolecular structural studies.
Apology Strategies for Informal Complaints in Service Recovery and CRM Systems

This paper reports the results of a quasi-experiment designed to identify linkages between customer attributes and apology types in service recovery in informal resolution settings. Understanding these relationships is critical for enabling more effective and dynamic social relationships between the service provider and the customer/client with the use of technology, namely Customer Relationship Management Systems (CRM). The authors find that simple apologies decrease anger, restore distributive and interactional justice, and increase satisfaction. More importantly, the paper suggests that there are significant nuances in apology types and complex relationships between customer types and effective deployment of the apology in informal resolution settings. Further, the analysis suggests that apologies with explanations are more effective among customers with service experience and that apologies with compensation are most effective for all customers. When apologies are used with successive failures there is some evidence that the apology explanations are not equally effective for all customer types. The paper concludes with a discussion of the linkages between apology, service recovery and CRM systems in informal complaint resolution to improve senior level decision making, employee performance in service recovery, and customer satisfaction in for profit and non-profit organizations.
Effect of ergot alkaloids associated with fescue toxicosis on hepatic cytochrome P450 and antioxidant proteins

Intake of ergot alkaloids found in endophyte-infected tall fescue grass is associated with decreased feed intake and reduction in body weight gain. The liver is one of the target organs of fescue toxicosis with upregulation of genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism and downregulation of genes associated with antioxidant pathways. It was hypothesized that short-term exposure of rats to ergot alkaloids would change hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) and antioxidant expression, as well as reduce antioxidant enzyme activity and hepatocellular proliferation rates. Hepatic gene expression of various CYPs, selected nuclear receptors associated with the CYP induction, and antioxidant enzymes were measured using real-time PCR. Hepatic expression of CYP, antioxidant and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) proteins were measured using Western blots. The CYP3A1 protein expression was evaluated using primary rat hepatocellular cultures treated with ergovaline, one of the major ergot alkaloids produced by fescue endophyte, in order to assess the direct role of ergot alkaloids in CYP induction. The enzyme activities of selected antioxidants were assayed spectrophotometrically. While hepatic CYP and nuclear receptor expression were increased in ergot alkaloid-exposed rats, the expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes were reduced. This could potentially lead to increased oxidative stress, which might be responsible for the decrease in hepatocellular proliferation after ergot alkaloid exposure. This study demonstrated that even short-term exposure to ergot alkaloids can potentially induce hepatic oxidative stress which can contribute to the pathogenesis of fescue toxicosis.
Neonatal encephalopathy and cerebral palsy revisited: the current state of knowledge and the impact of american college of obstetricians and gynecologists task force report.

Neonatal Encephalopathy and Cerebral Palsy Revisited: The Current State of Knowledge and the Impact of American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Task Force Report
SEPARATIONS BASED ON MAGNETOPHORETIC MOBILITY

Magnetophoretic mobility arises from the motion of an electrically neutral body in a viscous medium when exposed to an inhomogenous magnetic field. Conforming to other types of mobility, which generally have the form of a “reciprocal friction coefficient” (such as electrophoretic mobility), we have defined the magnetophoretic mobility, m, as a ratio of a particle–field interaction parameter, φ m, to the particle friction coefficient, f, so that with the parameter φ m equal to the product of the magnetic susceptibility of the particle relative to that of the medium, Δχ, and its volume, V m, so that The particle mobility is an important factor in predicting separation when a mixture of particles of different mobilities is exposed to an external field. We have combined the information about the particle magnetophoretic mobility, measured by cell tracking velocimetry, and the theory of the split-flow thin channel fractionation, to describe particle and cell separations in a flowing solution through an annular...
Quartz-grain shape: A record of the source of fine-grained sediments

The traditional petrographic means of determining the source of sediments, namely, heavy mineral analysis, is not easily practiced on fine-grained sediments. As a result, we have little information about the sources of muds, the most common sediment in the stratigraphic record.
On thermal utilization of periodic task sets in uni-processor systems

In this paper we introduce a novel characterization of real-time tasks based on their temperature impact. This characterization is used to analyze the schedulability of periodic real-time tasks in thermally constrained systems. The proposed characterization is important because thermal constraints are becoming increasingly vital due to rapid and increasing rise in power densities of modern architectures. As part of this work, we introduce the concept of “Accumulated Thermal Impact” (ATI), which represents cumulative temperature increase due to execution of a given task. The concept of ATI is then used to determine thermal utilization of a periodic task set, which is somewhat analogous to traditional computation utilization, and perform schedulability analysis. We also propose a speed scaling scheme for minimizing thermal utilization/system temperature. Our results show that thermal utilization of a periodic task set is strongly correlated to its thermal feasibility. The proposed speed scaling scheme is also shown to perform significantly better than current schemes in terms of thermal utilization/temperature minimization.
BI, Reference, and the Teaching/Learning Process

Much has been written about the position of the library within the academic community. Perhaps the most frequently heard statements on the subject are the glowing accounts found in the bulletins and public relations literature of colleges and universities: The library is the heart of the university. Not all librarians would support this statement. Some of us feel it to be out of focus, off target. The teaching/learning process is the main business of the university. The library's role in this activity is to enhance the process by improving student work, facilitating teaching, and by striving to make the connection between teaching and learning more effective.
Reminiscences of SPICE

Larry Nagel, who offered me my first job at Bell Laboratories, dropped me an e-mail that brought back many bitter and sweet memories of days and nights in Cory Hall. As a new member of Don Pederson's team who had arrived in the United States just a few months earlier and learned about SPICE for the first time, I could not help but idolize those around me.
Imaging of placental vasculature using three-dimensional ultrasound and color power Doppler: a preliminary study

Objective To assess placental vasculature using color power Doppler and three-dimensional ultrasound tech- niques. Subjects Fourteen normal patients and one patient with intrauterine growth restriction were recruited to the study. Methods Vessels were assessed with regard to, first, the number of vessels seen within the placenta, second, the branching pattern of the vessels within the placenta, third, the number of vessels seen along the surface of the placenta, and, last, the number of vessels seen in the mater- nal circulation. Results Our results show that the placental vessels seen with this technique correlate well with known anatomy. A progressive increase in the number of intraplacental vessels and the number of vascular branches observed was seen with increasing gestational age. Volume data review using three orthogonal planar images had two distinct advan- tages. First, they could be obtained from orientations not possible using two-dimensional ultrasound alone, and, second, they could be viewed in conjunction with volume- rendered images to allow for referencing and identification of specific vessels. Volume-rendered images were valuable in allowing the observer to acquire an improved overall understanding of placental anatomy. They also assisted the observer in following the continuity of vessels as they wrapped around and twisted through three-dimensional space. Stereo viewing was helpful in distinguishing over- lapping vessels.
«Pondere, Numero et Mensura» Roberval et la Géométrie divine

Parmi les aspects remarquables de l'Aristarque (1644) de Roberval, on releve la repetition frequente dans le texte de l'abreviation «P.N.E.M.». Ces lettres signifient «pondere, numero et mensura». Ces mots sont tires du Livre de la Sagesse, XI, 20: «Pondere, mensura, numero Deus omnia fecit» (Vulgate). Ce verset est cite chez beaucoup d'auteurs qui veulent louer Dieu Geometre. Cependant, Roberval n'est nullement pieux. Il s'agit donc ici de savoir pourquoi il se sert de «P.N.E.M.» dans son texte. Roberval se montre-t-il ainsi solidaire de ses confreres mathematiciens du College royal, dont le verset serait la devise?
Molecular beam epitaxial growth of ZnSe on GaAs substrates: influence of precursors on interface quality

The initial growth of thin ZnSe layers, grown on GaAs(0 0 1) using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), has been studied using real-time reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED), as well as X-ray double-crystal rocking curves (DCRC), reflectivity difference spectroscopy (RDS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A noticeable difference in interface quality and growth was observed depending upon the initial precursor. Exposure to Se flux before growth led initially to three-dimensional growth, whereas exposure to Zn flux or no precursor led immediately to two-dimensional growth. X-ray DCRC and RDS confirmed that the overall sample quality was better with two-dimensional growth, and TEM observations were consistent with previous studies which have shown that initial three-dimensional growth is related to the formation of Ga2Se3 at the interface, leading to high densities of stacking faults and edge dislocations.
Propagation measurements at 3480 and 9640 Mc/s beyond the radio horizon

The paper gives an account of scatter-propagation measurements made at S- and X-band during the period May, 1957 to May, 1959. The work at S-band continued throughout the whole of this time, while the X-band measurements were made during the period of year from June, 1958 to May, 1959. The S-band transmitter, using a 3.480 Gc/s c.w. magnetron with a power output of 500 watts, was established at Start Point in Devon. Receiving terminals were set up at Wembley, Middlesex, and Witnesham, Suffolk, at distances of 173 and 247 statute miles, respectively, from the transmitter, the former being maintained in operation throughout the whole of the experimental period and the latter for period of nine months from September, 1957 to June, 1958. Diurnal and seasonal variations in the median level of the received signal are discussed and a comparison is made of measurements taken simultaneously at Wembley and Witnesham. The distribution of the S-band fading rate as a function of level is studied and a limited amount of work concerned with the distribution of the duration of fades below a given level and the power spectrum of the detected signal is described. The transmission path for the X-band system, which used a pulsed magnetron at a frequency of 9.640 Gc/s, also lies between Start Point and Wembley; the pulse length was 2 microsec and the pulse-repetition frequency 500c/s, the peak power in the pulses being 180kW. The X- and S-band links were operated together whenever possible, and a comparison is made of the median level and fading rate of the signals received simultaneously at the two frequencies over the same propagation path. In addition, a series of measurements to investigate the aerial coupling loss of the X-band system are described.
Comparison of collision cross sections for line broadening in the CO fundamental.

The ratio of the collision cross section for self broadening to that for foreign-gas broadening has been measured for each of 21 rotational lines in the R branch of the CO fundamental. This ratio has the same value for all lines with N2 as the broadener; the masses of CO and N2 molecules are equal. For monatomic and diatomic broadeners such as H2, D2, He, and Ne with masses less than that of CO, the ratio is greater for lines near the band center than for lines in the band wing; the reverse is the case for monatomic broadeners such as Ar, Kr, and Xe with masses greater than that of CO. The experimental results are tentatively interpreted in terms of an existing theory that makes a distinction between adiabatic collisions and nonadiabatic collisions involving transitions between adjacent rotational states of the CO molecules.
Deep level transient spectroscopy studies of n-CdTe and p-CdTe

Abstract Deep level transient spectroscopy is used for determining defect levels in n- and p-type CdTe grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. In n-type CdTe the defect levels were determined on Schottky diodes. The main majority carrier trap levels were associated with tellurium and cadmium vacancies and cadmium interstitials. p-n junctions were used for determining defect levels in p-CdTe where an electron trap and a hole trap were observed.
Disposition of Phenylbutyrate and Its Metabolites, Phenylacetate and Phenylacetylglutamine

Phenylacetate, an inducer of tumor cytostasis and differentiation, shows promise as a relatively nontoxic antineoplastic agent. Phenylacetate, however, has an unpleasant odor that might limit patient acceptability. Phenylbutyrate, an odorless compound that also has activity in tumor models, is known to undergo rapid conversion to phenylacetate by beta-oxidation in vivo. This phase I study examined the pharmacokinetics of phenylbutyrate and characterized the disposition of the two metabolites, phenylacetate and phenylacetylglutamine. Fourteen patients with cancer (aged 51.8 +/- 13.8 years) received a 30-minute infusion of phenylbutyrate at 3 dose levels (600, 1200, and 2000 mg/m2). Serial blood samples and 24-hour urine collections were obtained. Samples were assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography. A model to simultaneously describe the pharmacokinetics of all three compounds was developed using ADAPT II. Data were modeled as molar equivalents. The model fit the data well as shown by mean (+/- SD) coefficients of determination (r2) for phenylbutyrate, phenylacetate, and phenylacetylglutamine, which were 0.96 +/- 0.07, 0.88 +/- 0.10, and 0.92 +/- 0.06, respectively. The intrapatient coefficient of variation percentage (CV%) around the parameter estimates were small (range 7.2-33.5%). Phenylbutyrate achieved peak concentrations in the range of in vitro tumor activity (500-2000 mumol/L) and exhibited saturable elimination (Km = 34.1 +/- 18.1 micrograms/mL and Vmax = 18.1 +/- 18 mg/h/kg). Metabolism was rapid; the times to maximum concentration for phenylacetate and phenylacetylglutamine were 1 and 2 hours, respectively. The conversion of phenylbutyrate to phenylacetate was extensive (80 +/- 12.6%), but serum concentrations of phenylacetate were low owing to rapid, subsequent conversion to phenylacetylglutamine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Aneurysmal Degeneration of the Superficial Femoral Artery following Stenting: An Uncommon Infectious Complication

Infrainguinal angioplasty and stenting is becoming a more commonly performed procedure. Its durability remains a matter of debate, however. Aneurysmal degeneration following angioplasty and stenting is a complication not previously described in the literature with regard to the superficial femoral artery. We present a case in which two aneurysms of the superficial femoral artery developed following angioplasty and multiple-stent placements in a patient who had previously undergone a failed femoral-to-below-the-knee popliteal artery PTFE bypass graft. The patient presented to our institution with an occluded, infected bypass graft. He was treated with graft and femoral artery/stent excision and vein bypass grafting. A brief review of infectious complications after stent placement is included.
The effects of immersion and navigation on the acquisition of spatial knowledge of abstract data networks

Abstract With increasing frequency immersive virtual environments (IVEs) are being used to present multi-dimensional information visualizations. Networks and graphs are a common type of abstract data; in order to understand the varied relationships between entities in a network, it is crucial to acquire some spatial knowledge about the layout and connectivity of its components. While there is a good body of evidence for the benefits of IVE displays, most work on the effects of immersion and of navigation on the acquisition of spatial knowledge has been concerned with wayfinding in realistic environments; much less is known about how to leverage IVE technology to benefit a user’ss spatial understanding of (abstract) data networks. In this paper we present an empirical study designed to determine what effect level of immersion and navigation technique can have on a user’s acquisition of spatial knowledge of network data, specifically cell signaling pathways. For this CAVE study (CAVE Automatic Virtual Environment), the level of immersion is controlled by changing the Field-Of-Regard, while we also vary navigation between one egocentric and one exocentric technique. The results show that both immersion and navigation technique can affect the acquisition of spatial knowledge regarding abstract networks in an immersive virtual environment.
Experiential Avoidance, Acceptance, and Depression in Dementia Family Caregivers

Abstract Dementia caregivers commonly experience elevated levels of stress, and are at increased risk for psychological disorders. Recent research has implicated experiential avoidance and related processes in the development and maintenance of psychopathology, but no published studies have investigated the relation between experiential avoidance and caregiver depression. The present study examined this relationship in a sample of 28 female dementia family caregivers who completed a series of questionnaires, including measures of experiential avoidance and depression, as part of the pre-treatment protocol of a larger project. Results indicated a robust correlation between the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire and depression. Experiential avoidance was associated with depression even after accounting for caregivers' negative affect and care recipients' behavior problems. Implications of findings for the treatment of caregiver distress are discussed.
Metastatic carcinoid from occult primary masquerading as Crohn's disease

Abstract Carcinoid tumors are neoplasms that are seen in all portions of the gastrointestinal tract. In some instances, primary tumors can go undiagnosed or misdiagnosed owing to nonspecific presenting symptoms. In this case report we discuss a patient with vague abdominal symptoms and radiographic findings previously attributed to Crohn's disease, who at operative exploration was found to have a metastatic carcinoid tumor. This report demonstrates the nonspecific nature of metastatic carcinoid tumor and how its presentation can masquerade as more common gastrointestinal system abnormalities.
Testosterone and Male Fertility in Red Deer

In “Male fertility and sex ratio at birth in red deer” (Reports, 1 Dec. 2006, p. [1445][1]), M. Gomendio et al. discovered that the proportion of males born to red deer was correlated with the degree of fertility of the fathers. These observations support the hypothesis that the strongly
Chondromyxoid fibroma of the cervical spine: case report.

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: The clinical, pathological, and imaging findings in a patient with a chondromyxoid fibroma involving the C2 vertebra are reported. Seven cases that involve the cervical spine have previously been reported in the literature; the posterior vertebral body and posterior elements are the most frequently involved. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of C2 involvement and craniocervical instability. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 20-year-old man presented with intermittent neck pain resulting from a fall 4 years earlier. X-rays and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a lytic lesion in the body of C2, as well as instability at C1-C2. INTERVENTION: Preoperative transcatheter angiography and embolization were performed. An expansile tumor of the C2 vertebral body was resected via a transoral approach. Because of craniocervical instability, fusion from the occiput to posterior elements of C1 through C4 was performed. CONCLUSION: Chondromyxoid fibroma is a rare benign bone tumor that is uncommonly found in the spine and may mimic other lesions, particularly radiographically. We report the first known involvement of C2 by this tumor in the modern English-language literature. The patient has had excellent clinical and radiographic resolution of the prior instability with no neck pain, instability, or local recurrence.
Nano-Scale Conductive Films with Low Temperature Sintering for High Performance Fine Pitch Interconnect

In this paper, a novel nano-scale conductive film which combines the advantages of both traditional anisotropic conductive adhesives/films (ACAs/ACFs) and nonconductive adhesives/films (NCAs/NCFs) is introduced and developed for next generation high performance ultra-fine pitch packaging applications. This novel interconnect film possesses the properties of electrical conduction along the z-direction with relatively low bonding pressure (ACF-like) and the ultra-fine pitch (< 100 nm) capability (NCF-like). Unlike typical ACF which requires 1-5 vol% of conductive fillers, the novel nano-scale conductive film only needs less than 0.1 vol% conductive fillers to achieve good electrical conductance in the z direction. The nano-scale conductive film also allows a lower bonding pressure than NCF to achieve a much lower joint resistance (over two orders of magnitude lower than typical ACF joints) and higher current carrying capability. With low temperature sintering of nano-silver fillers, the joint resistance of the nano-scale conductive film could be as low as 10-5 Ohm, even lower than the NCF and lead-free solder joints. The insertion loss of nano-scale joints are almost the same as the standard ACF or NCF joints, suggesting that the nano-ACF joints are suitable for reliable high frequency adhesive joints in microelectronics packaging. The reliability of the nano-scale conductive film after high temperature and humidity test (85degC/85%RH) was also improved compared to the NCF joints. In order to reduce the silver migration and maintain a good insulation/dielectric property in the x-y plane for the nano-scale conductive film, self-assembled molecular wires (SAM) are used to passivate/protect the silver nano fillers. The protection of silver nano particles with molecular monolayers reduced the silver migration dramatically and no migration was observed upon application of high voltages (up to 500 V) due to the formation of surface chelating compounds between the SAM and nano silver fillers. The migration behavior of SAM passivated nano-Ag conductive adhesives was investigated by analyzing the results with the migration model.
Microbubble-mediated ultrasonic techniques for improved chemotherapeutic delivery in cancer.

Background: Ultrasound (US) exposed microbubble (MB) contrast agents have the capability to transiently enhance cell membrane permeability. Using this technique in cancer treatment to increase the efficiency of chemotherapy through passive, localized delivery has been an emerging area of research.Purpose: Investigation of the influence of US parameters on MB-mediated drug delivery in cancer.Methods: The 2LMP breast cancer cells were used for in vitro experiments and 2LMP tumor-bearing mice were used during in vivo experiments. Changes in membrane permeability were investigated after the influence of MB-mediated US therapy parameters (i.e. frequency, mechanical index, pulse repetition period, US duration, and MB dosing and characteristics) on cancer cells. Calcein, a non-permeable fluorescent molecule, and Taxol, chemotherapeutic, were used to evaluate membrane permeability. Tumor response was also assessed histologically.Results: Combination chemotherapy and MB-mediated US therapy with optimized parameter...
Participant-proxy agreement on objective and subjective aspects of societal participation following traumatic brain injury.

OBJECTIVE To examine congruence between participant (P) and significant other (SO) reports on societal participation in 3 objective domains (economic, community, and social activities) and subjective satisfaction with participation at 1 year after traumatic brain injury (TBI). PARTICIPANTS Ninety-seven persons with moderate to severe TBI and their SOs (27 spouses/partners, 47 parents, 23 other relatives/friends). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Community Participation Indicators questionnaire, divided into Objective (Economic, Community, Social) and Subjective (Satisfaction) subscales. DESIGN Prospective correlational study. RESULTS P-SO congruence differed by domain of participation, with Economic and Community indicators showing higher agreement than Social and Satisfaction items. Congruence was not affected by P-SO relationship or whether the pair lived together. However, pairs who spent at least daily time together had significantly higher agreement on Satisfaction items than pairs who were together less often. Congruence was not predicted by SOs' self-reported degree of awareness of Ps' concerns. Severity of TBI, within the range represented in this sample, had no effect on P-SO congruence in any domain. CONCLUSION In research on participation after TBI, proxy report may be an acceptable substitute for missing participant report on productivity and community activity outcomes. However, proxy responses should be used with caution for questions about social activities and degree of satisfaction with participation.
Alteration of circadian rhythmicities of urinary 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) and vanilmandelic acid (VMA) in man during cold exposure.

Abstract Six male subjects (19–23 years old) underwent a 7-day control period with respect to diet, temperature (22C), and sleep (7.5 hrs), followed by a 2-day exposure to 15C and a 2-day recovery period (22C). Urine collections were made every 8 hours commencing at 2300 hours; MHPG and VMA were assayed using gas-liquid chromatography. During the control period a diurnal rhythmicity was demonstrated for MHPG and VMA with maxima at 0700–1500 hours. The mean excretory rates for MHPG and VMA were 0.71 ± 0.04 μg and 2.6 ± 0.2 μg per milligram creatinine (± S.E.), respectively. Cold exposure abolished the rhythms for MHPG and VMA and caused an 18% increase in MHPG excretion. In contrast, VMA excretion was not altered. Significant correlations were obtained with MHPG excretion and both urinary cortisol and rectal temperature. The data suggest that MHPG excretion may be indicative of changes in norephinephrine metabolism in the central nervous system, although alterations in peripheral degradative pathways cannot be ruled out. Careful interpretation of changes in MHPG excretion in clinical studies is emphasized due to the relative ease of altering MHPG metabolism.
Liquid-phase photofluorination with elemental fluorine. Part III. Synthesis of perfluorocycloalkyl ethers with/without a chlorine substituent

Abstract Liquid-phase photofluorination (LPPF) of 2-phenyl-2-methoxyhexafluoropropane 1 gave the desired F -2-cyclohexyl-2-methoxypropane, 2 , in 21% yield. An unusual rearranged product, F -2-cyclohexylmethyl isopropyl ether, 4 , and a degradation product, F -2-cyclohexylpropane, 3 , were also produced in 10 and 20% yields, respectively. A plausible reaction mechanism for the formation of the rearranged product 4 was presented. The Cl-containing ethers with cyclic structures, 2-chlorohexafluorocyclopentenyl cyclopentyl ether, and 2-chlorohexafluorocyclopentenyl 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoro- n -pentyl ether were also perfluorinated by the LPPF method to give the corresponding Cl-containing F -ethers in fair yields. The total retention of the chlorine atom through perfluorination and the ability to have a benzene substituent on the substrate are benificial features of this novel perfluorinating method.
Effect of Finite Width on Deflection and Energy Release Rate of an Orthotropic Double Cantilever Specimen

The problem of an orthotropic cantilevered plate subjected to a uniformly distributed end load is solved by the Rayleigh-Ritz energy method. The result is applied to laminated composite, double cantilevered specimens to estimate the effect of crack tip constraint on the transverse curvature, deflection and energy release rate. The solution is also utilized to determined finite width correction factors for fracture energy characterization tests in which neither plane stress nor plane strain conditions apply.
A cyber-physical systems approach to personalized medicine: challenges and opportunities for noc-based multicore platforms

This paper describes a few fundamental challenges concerning the design of Network-on-Chip (NoC) based multicores as the backbone of cyber-physical systems (CPS) for personalized medicine. One fundamental challenge in designing such CPS architectures is the need for a unifying mathematical description of the dynamical interactions between bio-physiological processes and cyber states. Another fundamental challenge is to build a rigorous mathematical optimization framework that allows the CPS to adapt to varying workloads and demands. To enable large-scale parallelism, we need a rigorous understanding of the CPS workloads that can guide the design and optimization of wired and wireless NoCs. We advocate for the development of goal-oriented self-organization algorithms that seek to both optimize specific design cost functions and maximize information about future system state. It is necessary to identify basic local rules of interaction not only for solving large scale optimization problems in a distributed fashion, but also for inducing an overall degree of autonomy and intelligence in the CPS architecture.
Particle Compaction with Alternating Electric Fields: The Effects of Electrode Geometry

A technique for inducing ordered, close-packed arrangements of various symmetries among colloidal particles is discussed. An external alternating electric field applied to the colloid induces dipole interactions of variable strength by polarizing either the dielectric material of the particles or their electrostatic double layers. Ordering in various symmetries can be obtained by switching the field rapidly between pairs of electrodes, thereby changing the orientation of the induced dipoles. A small dc bias serves to deposit and compact the aligned particles.
On the nature of nitrate in coarse continental aerosols

In nonmarine environments, the nitrate (NO3−) aerosol occurs in both the fine fraction (diameter < 2.5 μm) as NH4NO3 and in the coarse fraction (diameter ⩾ 2.5 μm). Our summertime studies in the eastern U.S. show that NO3− is predominantly in the coarse fraction. Strong correlations between coarse NO3− and the crustal elements suggest that the NO3− is associated with entrained soil dust. Various formation mechanisms, including artifact NO3− formation on filters, were examined and it appears that the most important mechanism is the reaction of HNO3 with airborne crustal constituents.
Honouring Professor Abe Briloff’s life for Africa

The editor of the African Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Finance honours the works of Professor Abe Briloff who passed away recently. The article has an introduction of Briloff’s life to African scholars and students and decision-makers. The rest of the paper is about what Briloff wrote in his Alice in GAAP Land. In 1970s and 1980s, Briloff visited the US Congress regularly to discuss the urgent reforms in American accounting, GAAP. Abe sit down with US senators and lawmakers to educate them. He is one of the rare Professors of Accounting, to the notable exception of critical accountants, to see the problems of ENRON, WorldCom, Xeros, Vivendi, Parmelat, and Tyco. All these big corporations were involved in financial scandals, hence the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, Act of which Abe was the main author. We believe this article can be useful for Africa.
International investment diversification before and after the October 19, 1987 stock market crisis

Abstract International investment is rapidly growing throughout the world. U.S. investors are attracted by the risk diversification benefits as well as the higher return provided by many non-U.S. markets. Risk diversification, for U.S. investors, is dependent upon the correlation between the U.S. and foreign markets. The objective of this study is to quantify the returns, risks, and correlation coefficients of the dollar value of returns on various foreign equity markets with returns on the U.S. market for two periods: before and after the October 19, 1987 stock market crisis. Based on the empirical study, a dramatic increase in correlation coefficients was found between the U.S. and foreign markets. In addition, the rates of return were generally lower and the investment risks, reflected in the standard deviation, are higher. These findings will have a significant impact upon the risk diversification, portfolio balancing, and asset allocation policies of U.S. institutional investors.
Entropic and energetic selectivity in air separation with microporous materials

Materials such as zeolites, carbon molecular sieves, and polymers are used increasingly in the separation of air, based on the difference in diffusion rate between oxygen and nitrogen through the material. The design of improved materials requires knowledge of the molecular-level phenomena responsible for the separation, particularly relative roles of energetic and entropic (confinement) effects. This issue is difficult to resolve experimentally, as evidenced by the wide range in reported literature values reviewed in this paper. A complementary approach is taken based on a combination of molecular modeling, statistical mechanics, and transition-state theory. Selectivities for molecular models of oxygen and nitrogen in microporous structures are calculated using a Monte Carlo technique and resolved into entropic and energetic components, for a range of pore window sizes. Atomic-level flexibility (vibration) is considered as well. The calculated entropic selectivities are significantly lower than reported theoretical results, but still consistent with experimental data. The energetic selectivity is very sensitive to the window dimensions and flexibility, but the entropic contribution is much less affected. This also contradicts some previous assumptions in the literature.
Nitrous Acid Mutation of Transforming DNA: Consideration of Mode of Action

Apparently nitrous acid produces genetic alterations, expressed as antibiotic-resistant markers, directly on heat-denatured transforming DNA of Haemophilus influenzae, rather than producing DNA which acts as a non-specific mutagen. The markers which arise as a result of treatment with nitrous acid behave similarly to naturally occurring antibiotic markers. In addition, data comparing the expression and replication of induced markers to natural markers suggest that the nitrous acid-induced markers express and multiply in the same fashion as do "normal" markers. Therefore, mutations which require additional time to produce a functional DNA by a base-pair substitution, or by replication of the introduced DNA, are not responsible for the mutants observed.
CONTRARY NARRATIVE SPACES AND THE SIKH WOMAN: Imperial aftermaths in Bhisham Sahni's Tamas and Gulzar's Maachis

Public nationalistic discourses construct ideas of national belonging for the privileged few while the minorities and the exilic struggle to find a place within nation-states in the postcolonial world. In the production and construction of the nationalistic discourse and identity, private narratives, often gendered accounts, are elided, and a masculinist and heteropatriarchal construct dominate. In this paper, I will examine private narratives ensuing the 1947 partition of India and the Sikh militancy in Punjab from 1984 onwards in order to incorporate an alternative interpretation regarding ideas of national belonging for the Sikhs, especially for the diasporic Sikh women.
Characterization of a novel crown ether-bearing near-infrared heptamethine cyanine dye. A study of fluorescence quenching by lithium

Abstract The spectral characteristics of a crown ether-bearing heptamethine cyanine dye (JCM-15C5) and its quenching by lithium ion are reported. The absorbance maximum of the dye is at 776 nm in acetonitrile. This value matches the output of a commercially available laser diode (780 nm), thus making use of such a source practical for excitation. The emission wavelength of the dye in acetonitrile is at 799 nm. It was found that Li + ion selectively quenches the fluorescence intensity of JCM-15C5 by the static quenching mechanism. The Stern–Volmer quenching constant ( K sv ) was calculated from the Stern–Volmer plot and found to be 1.17×10 7 M −1 at room temperature. The detection limit for Li + ion was found to be 7.43×10 −2 ppb. The stability constant ( K s ) of the metal–dye complex was determined by fluorometric titration and found to be 5.40×10 7 M −1 .
Coping with sexual assault: The roles of account-making and confiding

A study was conducted to evaluate the roles of account-making (i.e., story-like constructions involving explanations, reported memories, description, and emotional expression) and confiding in empathic others as facilitators of recovery for survivors of sexual assault. Twenty-five women and one man anonymously participated in a questionnaire study that asked them to provide accounts of instances of sexual assault, their own and others' reactions to the assault, and their perceptions of the impact of the assault on aspects of their lives. Respondents' reactions were coded and classified by independent raters. Consistent with parts of the theoretical conception, included among the findings were the following." (1) account-making was positively associated with successful coping and with helpful confidant reactions; (2) empathic confidant reactions occurring early after the assault led to more successful coping than did nonempathic reactions occurring either in the first twelve months or later after the assault; and (3) incest survivors indicated that they had more difficulty in coping and in their close relationships than did nonincest survivors. The data are discussed in terms of the value of story-construction activities and confiding as vital to the recovery process.
Cointegration between exchange rates and relative prices: another view

Abstract In this paper the cointegration property of exchange rates and relative prices, as implied by the purchasing power parity theory (PPP), is reexamined using a time-varying parameter (TVP) approach. Such an approach recognizes the possibility that the lack of cointegration between exchange rates and relative prices found in recent literature may be the result of the nonstationarity of the cointegrating regression parameters themselves. The tests of cointegration in a TVP framework indicate that PPP is better supported and point to the presence of structural instability in the long run equilibrium relationship between exchange rates and relative prices.
Dynamic subaortic obstruction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: analysis by pulsed Doppler echocardiography.

To determine whether true obstruction to left ventricular ejection exists in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and a subaortic gradient, pulsed Doppler echocardiography was used to analyze the patterns of left ventricular emptying in 50 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (20 with and 30 without evidence of obstruction) and in 20 normal subjects. In obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, left ventricular ejection was characterized by early and rapid emptying (76 ± 14% of aortic flow velocity in the initial one-third of systole). The proportion of forward flow velocity occurring before initial mitral-septal contact (and hence, by inference before the onset of the subaortic gradient) was variable, but averaged 58%. In contrast, the proportion of forward flow velocity occurring after mitral-septal contact (and, therefore, concomitant with the gradient and increased intraventricular pressure) was considerable, averaging over 40%. Mid-systolic impedance to left ventricular outflow was suggested by the rapid deceleration in aortic flow velocity concomitant with mitral-septal contact and premature partial aortic valve closure. Furthermore, left ventricular ejection was prolonged (384 ± 40 ms) and the ventricle continued to empty and shorten during the period when both the pressure gradient and markedly increased intraventricular pressures were present. In 16 of 20 patients, a relatively small second peak in flow velocity appeared in late systole. Since marked systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve was still present, the late systolic portion of forward flow velocity also appeared to be largely ejected during imposition of a mechanical impediment to outflow. In contrast, patients with nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy showed no evidence of impedance to left ventricular ejection. Aortic flow velocity waveforms were similar to those of normal subjects, with flow persisting to aortic valve closure; significant mitral systolic anterior motion and partial mid-systolic aortic valve closure were absent, and the systolic ejection period was normal (303 ± 27 ms). It is concluded that in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: 1) systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve produces a mechanical obstruction to left ventricular emptying, and a considerable portion of the stroke volume is impeded in its egress from the left ventricle; 2) the subaortic gradient appears to be of pathophysiologic importance because the left ventricle continues to contract in the presence of markedly increased intraventricular pressures; and 3) left ventricular ejection characteristics differ markedly between patients with and without mitral systolic anterior motion or a subaortic gradient.
Fiber Optics For Local Data Networks

The rapid advances in fiber optic communications over the past few years have generated increased interest in the computer industry to evaluate and use this technology. A number of prototype links for the interconnection of data processing equipment have been fabricated and successfully tested in data transmission applications. The features of fiber optic links utilized in these applications have primarily been freedom from electromagnetic interference and smaller, lighter cables. Future applications are also likely to take advantage of fiber link features such as high bandwidth and low attenuation. This paper reviews the status of fiber link component and application activity as it relates to today's local data network environment and then suggests how new system designs might take more significant advantage of fiber optic technology.© (1980) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
OCLC internet access: A report on PRISM access via the internet

Some recent articles in this journal have dealt with various ways to gain access to OCLC services. Modes of access have involved different software/hardware solutions to gain access via a Macintosh, a LAN, and a TCP/IP network (vol. 9, no. 4). In my column for this issue I′ll continue that theme. Network access has been a goal at the University of Oregon as well. So we were pleased to be a test site recently for PRISM access via the Internet.