cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Numerical simulation of microsegregation of magnesium alloys quantitatively using phase-field method

Based on the KKS model which couples the phase field, concentration field and temperature field, the phase-field model for the magnesium alloys with hcp structure was developed, taking AZ91D magnesium alloy for example, the solute distribution during the metal solidification was simulated, the effects of supercooling(ΔT) on the highest solute concentration in front of the dendrite tip, the solute concentration value in the axis center of dendrite arm, the thickness of solute diffusion layer of aluminum in front of dendrite tip and solute segregation ratio were studied emphatically and quantitatively. The simulation results show that the zone of poor Al distributes in the axisymmetric center of primary dendrite arms secondary dendrite arms, the larger the supercooling ΔT is, the higher the concentration maximum value * L c in front of the dendrite tip is, the higher the concentration value * S c in the axis center of dendrite arm is, the smaller the boundary thickness δ of concentration in front of the dendrite tip is, the bigger the segregation ratio SR is and the severer the microsegregation is. The relationships are * L1 c * L2 c * L3 c * L4 c, * S1 c * S2 c * S3 c * S4 c, δ1 δ2 δ3 δ4 and SR1 SR2 SR3 SR4, respectively.
Noise Exposure Level in Workers of a Pumped Storage Power Station

[Objective] To evaluate noise exposure levels of workers in pumped storage power stations.[Methods] Individual noise exposure levels in 2 patrolling workplaces and 1 control room and in both operating and alternative conditions were measured.A mathematical calculation based on individual exposure level and exposure time was used to evaluate workers' noise exposure of 42 h per week which was then converted to the time equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level(LAeq) of 40 h per week.[Results] In this study,the noise exposure levels in 2 patrolling workplaces and 1 control room were measured 3 times a day in both operating and alternative conditions.The workers' LAeq of 42 h per week was 62.1 dB(A).After conversion,the workers' LAeq of 40 h per week was 62.3 dB(A).[Conclusion] The noise exposure levels of workers in pumped storage power station do not exceed the occupational exposure limit of 85dB(A) prescribed in Occupational exposure limits for hazardous agents in the workplace Part 2: Physical agents.
Determination of 13 Poisonous Organic Compounds in the Air by GDX102/Activated Carbon-Thermal Desorption Gas Chromatography

[Objective]To establish a method for determining 13 poisonous organic compounds in the workplace air by GDX102/activated carbon mixed sample tube-thermal desorption gas chromatography. [Methods]The appropriate proportion of the solid adsorbents and filling process were selected,and the parameters of thermal desorption gas chromatography was optimized. [Results]After the analysis by thermal desorption gas chromatography,the recovery rate reached at least 95%,detection limits were 0.006~0.2 mg/m~3,and RSD ranged from 2.2% to 6.1%,when the sample tube was filled by two segments of 100 mg GDX102+100 mg activated carbon. [Conclusion]The method can be applied for the determination of 13 poisonous organic compounds,including benzene,n-hexane,etc in the workplace air.
Clinical observation on efficacy of phloroglucinol combined with dydrogesterone in treatment of threatened abortion

Objective To explore the efficacy of phloroglucinol combined with dydrogesterone in treatment of threatened abortion before 12 gestational weeks.Methods Ninety six cases of threatened abortion treated in this hospital during 2010 to 2011 were randomly divided into two groups: cases in observation group were treated with phloroglucinol combined with dydrogesterone and cases in control group were only treated with dydrogesterone.The successful pregnancy rate,duration for remission and disappearance of symptoms and adverse reactions of drugs in these two groups were compared and analyzed.Results In comparison with control group,the duration for remission and disappearance of clinical symptoms was shortened,the successful pregnancy rate was increased and the adverse reactions of drugs were decreased in cases of observation group(P0.05).Conclusion The efficacy of phloroglucinol combined with dydrogesterone is notable in treatment of threatened abortion before 12 gestational weeks,and adverse reactions of drugs are less.The therapeutic course of treatment can be shortened by this joint treatment,and it is worthy to be popularized for clinical application.
Graphics Analysis on Scientific and Technological Illustration of Exploitation of the Works of Nature

This paper investigates the scientific and technological illustration of Exploitation of the Works of Nature by the Ming Dynasty Chinese scientist Song Yingxing.It mainly focuses on the background and layout,forms,the drawing techniques of illustrations,the drawing style of illustrations,etc.The characteristics of the graphics of the work are summarized as the following:Layout and composition are united with the philosophical thought of Exploitation of the Works of Nature;the drawing techniques are matched with the characteristics of ancient Chinese empirical science;the line drawing illustration style fully embodies the style of Chinese painting.
Needle exchange or needless exchange? The state of the debate.

Needle exchange programs have been implemented in many cities around the world to slow the spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among injecting drug users. Whether these programs are succeeding in reducing HIV incidence is a matter of debate, as is the appropriateness of sanctioning the provision of drug injection equipment in the midst of a "war on drugs." In a debate swollen with emotional arguments on both sides of the issue, scientific research is essential, lest discussion of needle exchange becomes needless exchange at the policy level. This article briefly outlines and critiques the common arguments for and against needle exchange. Following this, a new circulation theory of needle exchange is advanced, along with supporting evidence from an ongoing study in New Haven, CT, U.S.A. Finally, several open questions relating to the operation of needle exchange programs and the behavior of program clients are suggested for further investigation.
Demonstration of a depressor reflex in acute cardiac tamponade.

Studies from our laboratory have demonstrated the presence of a vagally mediated reflex in acute cardiac tamponade. To determine the effect of this reflex on cardiac performance, we continuously recorded hemodynamic parameters during induction of tamponade in 16 closed-chest mongrel dogs anesthetized with alpha chloralose. The studies were done 1 to 7 days following the insertion of a catheter in the pericardial sac. With increasing pericardial volume, there was a progressive deterioration of cardiac performance, the most marked changes occurring in the late phases of cardiac tamponade. When pericardial, right atrial, and left ventricular end-diastolic pressures rose rapidly with the infusion of 198 ± 68 c.c. of fluid, heart rate slowed abruptly and ventricular performance deteriorated precipitously. Administration of atropine at this time produced an improvement in heart rate (p
Incorporating the AP gridworld case study into a university CS-1 class

There are many pedagogical reasons to introduce case studies to students in the first computer science course. Case studies expose students to large programs, enabling them to understand the importance of design and good programming style. They encourage teamwork and active learning. But there are almost as many practical reasons to exclude them. While there are some excellent sources of good programming examples, most are not at the CS-1 level. Creating an appropriate program to illustrate the key ideas of CS-1 is one of the largest obstacles. [2] Fortunately, there are some existing case studies which can be used. [1] The College Board's Advanced Placement curriculum in computer science includes a case study, which will be GridWorld starting with the 2008 examination. High school AP Computer Science courses will be using GridWorld to teach and demonstrate many of the Java programming concepts. This case study is available to any interested user for free.[3]
Autologous Stem Cell Transplant Followed by Low Dose Rituxan Maintenance in CR1 Is Effective for the Treatment of Mantle Cell Lymphoma.

Conventional chemotherapy is non-curative for mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Although the addition of Rituxan has improved the outcome of these patients, many patients still relapsed and died of their disease. High dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) has been investigated but produced conflicting results, ranging from no demonstrable benefit to a 2-year event-free survival (EFS) of 77%. A recent randomized study compared ASCT with interferon-a maintenance and showed benefits in both the EFS and overall survival for patients in the ASCT study arm. The conflicting results are probably related to the use of different chemotherapeutic agents as conditioning regimens for the transplant and also to different post-transplant therapy. In this study, we have chosen to induce patients with advanced MCL with R-CHOP and consolidate these patients with high dose single agent melphalan, a cytotoxic that has not been previously tested as a single agent in MCL. Since most patients relapsed within the first two years after transplant, low dose maintenance Rituxan therapy is given three-monthly during the first 2 years after ASCT. Following consent from the patients, 8 consecutive patients with advanced Stage III or IV MCL were treated. There were 5 male and 3 female, with a median age of 642 years (range 46–72 years). One patient had Stage III and the other 7 Stage IV diseases. All eight patients received remission + 2 courses of R-CHOP as induction chemotherapy. Autologous stem cells were harvested upon recovery from the last course of R-CHOP and ASCT carried out within 6 weeks from the last course of R-CHOP. High dose intravenous melphalan (200 mg/m2) was administered followed, 24 hours afterward, by the infusion of a minimum of 2 × 10 6 /kg of CD34+ autologous stem cells. Rituxan maintenance therapy was initiated at a dose of 375 mg/m2 given as a single infusion once every three months starting Day +100. As of August 2006, with a median follow-up of 45.5 months from diagnosis (range 10–57 months) and 39 months from ASCT (range 4–52 months), seven patients are alive lymphoma-free, as defined by clinical and PET-CT examination. One patient died in CR of a myocardial infarction. Adverse effects were as expected from the high dose melphalan, except that delayed immunoglobulin reconstitution, as reported previously, was observed in all eight patients. Four of these hypogammaglobulinemic patients had recurrent infections (three with recurrent respiratory tract infection and one with a chronic diarrhea that was Vancomycin sensitive) and two required monthly intravenous immunoglobulin replacement. The result presented here is, therefore, extremely encouraging for a group of patients who normally have a very poor clinical outcome and warrants confirmation in larger multicenter study.
Effect of the Postmilking Teat Dip “Bovadine” on the Incidence of Staphylococcus aureus and Mastitis1

The University milking dairy herd was divided into two groups according to breed. Diagonally opposite teats of each cow were dipped with “Bovadine” after each milking. The remaining two teats served as controls. The Wisconsin Catalase Test, Wisconsin Mastitis Test, and Direct Microscopic Somatic Cell Count were used to detect incidence of mastitis in composite samples from dipped and control teats. Samples of milk were plated on Baird-Parker Agar to detect staphlococci. The postmilking teat dip caused a 31.4% reduction in new cases of mastitis and 42.3% reduction in staphylococcal infections during the 19 months of the study. The teat dip caused a reduction in new cases of staphylococcal infections and in number of quarters infected with mastitis; however, these reductions were non-significant. The WMT had the highest correlation when compared with all the other tests used to detect mastitis. Results indicated that the WMT would be the best single test to use to detect cows with mastitis.
Call to Caution with the Use of Atypical Antipsychotics for Treatment of Depression in Older Adults.

Atypical antipsychotics are increasingly being used to manage depression in older adults where these symptoms can often be refractory to first-line treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). Unfortunately, atypical antipsychotics can be associated with the development of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), with drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP) being the most common movement disorder induced by this class of medication. The management of treatment-resistant depression in older adults is of particular concern as depression is a common feature of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (IPD) and can manifest prior to the development of motor symptoms. Herein, we discuss the use of atypical antipsychotics for the management of depression in older adults including the risk of DIP and propose that antipsychotics may potentially unmask IPD.
Not so fast: Fast speech correlates with lower lexical and structural information

Speakers dynamically adjust their speech rate throughout conversations. These adjustments have been linked to cognitive and communicative limitations: for example, speakers speak words that are contextually unexpected (and thus add more information) with slower speech rates. This raises the question whether limitations of this type vary wildly across speakers or are relatively constant. The latter predicts that across speakers (or conversations), speech rate and the amount of information content are inversely correlated: on average, speakers can either provide high information content or speak quickly, but not both. Using two corpus studies replicated across two corpora, I demonstrate that indeed, fast speech correlates with the use of less informative words and syntactic structures. Thus, while there are individual differences in overall information throughput, speakers are more similar in this aspect than differences in speech rate would suggest. The results suggest that information theoretic constraints on production operate at a higher level than was observed before and affect language throughout production, not only after words and structures are chosen.
Human brain metastatic stroma attracts breast cancer cells via chemokines CXCL16 and CXCL12

The tumor microenvironment is composed of heterogeneous populations of cells, including cancer, immune, and stromal cells. Progression of tumor growth and initiation of metastasis is critically dependent on the reciprocal interactions between cancer cells and stroma. Through RNA-Seq and protein analyses, we found that cancer-associated fibroblasts derived from human breast cancer brain metastasis express significantly higher levels of chemokines CXCL12 and CXCL16 than fibroblasts from primary breast tumors or normal breast. To further understand the interplay between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts from each site, we developed three-dimensional organoids composed of patient-derived primary or brain metastasis cancer cells with matching cancer-associated fibroblasts. Three-dimensional CAF aggregates generated from brain metastasis promote migration of cancer cells more effectively than cancer-associated fibroblast aggregates derived from primary tumor or normal breast stromal cells. Treatment with a CXCR4 antagonist and/or CXCL16 neutralizing antibody, alone or in combination, significantly inhibited migration of cancer cells to brain metastatic cancer-associated fibroblast aggregates. These results demonstrate that human brain metastasis cancer-associated fibroblasts potently attract breast cancer cells via chemokines CXCL12 and CXCL16, and blocking CXCR6-CXCL16/CXCR4-CXCL12 receptor-ligand interactions may be an effective therapy for preventing breast cancer brain metastasis.
To PLEX or not to PLEX in natalizumab-associated PML.

Natalizumab (NTZ) is one of the most effective therapies available for the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS).1 The most important adverse effect of treatment is the development of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), with ∼700 cases having been reported since 2005.2 The incidence of NTZ-PML in patients with MS varies from as high as 1.3% among individuals who are JC virus (JCV) antibody–positive, have a history of prior immunosuppressant therapy, and have received more than 4 years of NTZ treatment, to less than 0.1% in those with none of these risk factors.3 PML results from reactivation of latent JCV and subsequent infection and death of oligodendrocytes leading to demyelination. There is currently no treatment of proven efficacy for PML; however, interventions that facilitate restoration of immunocompetence reduce disability and enhance survival. This is clearly seen in patients with HIV-associated PML, in whom prognosis improved dramatically after the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy.4 It is logical to assume that reversal of the NTZ-induced immunodeficiency state would be the most effective therapeutic option for patients with NTZ-PML.
Unique Versus Redundant Functions of Neuroligin Genes in Shaping Excitatory and Inhibitory Synapse Properties

Neuroligins are evolutionarily conserved postsynaptic cell adhesion molecules that interact with presynaptic neurexins. Neurons express multiple neuroligin isoforms that are targeted to specific synapses, but their synaptic functions and mechanistic redundancy are not completely understood. Overexpression or RNAi-mediated knockdown of neuroligins, respectively, causes a dramatic increase or decrease in synapse density, whereas genetic deletions of neuroligins impair synapse function with only minor effects on synapse numbers, raising fundamental questions about the overall physiological role of neuroligins. Here, we have systematically analyzed the effects of conditional genetic deletions of all major neuroligin isoforms (i.e., NL1, NL2, and NL3), either individually or in combinations, in cultured mouse hippocampal and cortical neurons. We found that conditional genetic deletions of neuroligins caused no change or only a small change in synapses numbers, but strongly impaired synapse function. This impairment was isoform specific, suggesting that neuroligins are not functionally redundant. Sparse neuroligin deletions produced phenotypes comparable to those of global deletions, indicating that neuroligins function in a cell-autonomous manner. Mechanistically, neuroligin deletions decreased the synaptic levels of neurotransmitter receptors and had no effect on presynaptic release probabilities. Overexpression of neuroligin-1 in control or neuroligin-deficient neurons increased synaptic transmission and synapse density but not spine numbers, suggesting that these effects reflect a gain-of-function mechanism; whereas overexpression of neuroligin-3, which, like neuroligin-1 is also targeted to excitatory synapses, had no comparable effect. Our data demonstrate that neuroligins are required for the physiological organization of neurotransmitter receptors in postsynaptic specializations and suggest that they do not play a major role in synapse formation. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Human neuroligin genes have been associated with autism, but the cellular functions of different neuroligins and their molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here, we performed comparative analyses in cultured mouse neurons of all major neuroligin isoforms, either individually or in combinations, using conditional knockouts. We found that neuroligin deletions did not affect synapse numbers but differentially impaired excitatory or inhibitory synaptic functions in an isoform-specific manner. These impairments were due, at least in part, to a decrease in synaptic distribution of neurotransmitter receptors upon deletion of neuroligins. Conversely, the overexpression of neuroligin-1 increased synapse numbers but not spine numbers. Our results suggest that various neuroligin isoforms perform unique postsynaptic functions in organizing synapses but are not essential for synapse formation or maintenance.
Development of wheelchair caster testing equipment and preliminary testing of caster models

Background: Because of the adverse environmental conditions present in less-resourced environments (LREs), the World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended that specialised wheelchair test methods may need to be developed to support product quality standards in these environments. A group of experts identified caster test methods as a high priority because of their common failure in LREs, and the insufficiency of existing test methods described in the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Wheelchair Testing Standards (ISO 7176). Objectives: To develop and demonstrate the feasibility of a caster system test method. Method: Background literature and expert opinions were collected to identify existing caster test methods, caster failures common in LREs and environmental conditions present in LREs. Several conceptual designs for the caster testing method were developed, and through an iterative process using expert feedback, a final concept and a design were developed and a prototype was fabricated. Feasibility tests were conducted by testing a series of caster systems from wheelchairs used in LREs, and failure modes were recorded and compared to anecdotal reports about field failures. Results: The new caster testing system was developed and it provides the flexibility to expose caster systems to typical conditions in LREs. Caster failures such as stem bolt fractures, fork fractures, bearing failures and tire cracking occurred during testing trials and are consistent with field failures. Conclusion: The new caster test system has the capability to incorporate necessary test factors that degrade caster quality in LREs. Future work includes developing and validating a testing protocol that results in failure modes common during wheelchair use in LRE.
IMPORTANCE OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY MANAGEMENT OF SYNDROMIC ADULT CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE: LEOPARD SYNDROME

LEOPARD syndrome consist of Lentigines, Electrocardiographic abnormalities, Ocular hypertelorism, Pulmonary stenosis (PS), Abnormal genitalia, Retardation and Deafness. A 56 year old man presented with two day history of acute shortness of breath. An Echocardiogram revealed severe right ventricular
Exploring the Use of 3D Scanning to Determine Whole-Body Volume While Wearing a Triathlon Wetsuit

Background: Commercial 3 Dimension (3D) scanners are relatively new to anthropometry. The purpose of this study was to explore ability of using a 3D imaging instrument to measure body volume with and without wearing a wetsuit. Three experiments were conducted to achieve this purpose: (1) to determine if the 3D imaging instrument could accurately measure volume of static objects; (2) to determine the resolution of accuracy of measuring volume of static objects; and (3) to compare whole-body volume of wearing a wetsuit using 3D imaging as well as another body volume measure (air displacement technique). Methods: Three experiments were performed: (1) measurement of volume of a mannequin head and a box using a 3D scanner, water displacement (for mannequin head), and dimension measurements (for box) techniques for determining volume, (2) volume measurements of 1, 2, and 3 layers of neoprene to assess the resolution capabilities of the 3D scanner, and (3) body volume with and without wearing a wetsuit using a 3D scanner and BodPod (air displacement instrument). Results: (1) Mannequin head volume using the 3D scanner was 1.46% greater than a water displacement technique; the box volume from scanning was significantly greater than volume calculated by measuring dimensions of a box. (2) The volume of a single layer of neoprene was 25.3% less with scanning than the criterion; the volume of two layers was 27.2% less than the criterion; the volume of three layers was not significantly different from the criterion. (3) Body volume was not influenced by the interaction of wetsuit and device; body volume was on average 5% greater with wetsuit than without regardless of instrument. Conclusions: We demonstrated that body volume as measured by a 3D scanner increased when a wetsuit was worn.
Is there an optimal staging system or liver reserve model that can predict outcome in hepatocellular carcinoma

Background: Many staging systems and liver reserve models have been proposed to predict hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis. However, there is no consensus as to which model provides the best prognostic value. We aimed to investigate the prognostic role of 8 noninvasive models including the albumin-bilirubin index (ALBI), AST to platelet ratio index (APRI), Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC), Cancer of the Liver Italian Program (CLIP) system, Child-Pugh (CP) class, Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score, model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, and platelet-albumin-bilirubin index (PALBI) in patients with HCC. Methods: This is a retrospective study of 900 HCC patients. Patients who underwent transplantation were excluded. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the survival probabilities. Multivariate cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate the survival trend. P Results: For predicting 1- and 3-year mortality, the CLIP score provided the highest AUC value, followed by the BCLC stage and the PALBI grade. For predicting 3-year recurrence, the CLIP score demonstrated the highest discriminative power followed by the PALBI grade, ALBI grade and BCLC system. However, all included models were found to be poor predictors for recurrence. Conclusions: The CLIP score is more accurate prognostic model to predict mortality and recurrence than the BCLC stage. Regarding the liver reserve models, the PALBI is the most accurate prognostic models among 6 models to predict mortality and recurrence.
Electrophysiology of Brain Serotonin Receptors: Subtype Specificity for Effector Mechanisms

Subtypes of brain serotonin (5-HT) receptors mediate distinct electrophysiological effects via different effector mechanisms: 1) 5-HT1 receptors induce a slow hyperpolarization via pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins coupled to the opening of K+ channels; 2) 5-HT2 receptors induce a slow depolarization, partly by a closing of K+ channels negatively modulated by a stimulation of phosphoinositide (PI) hydrolysis; 3) 5-HT3 receptors induce a response distinct from the others, a fast, rapidly desensitizing excitation.
“Letting physicists be physicists,” and other goals of scalable solver research

Publisher Summary The chapter discusses contemporary developments in scalable solver software and their transforming effect, enabling “physicists” to function at the frontier of algorithmic technology while concentrating primarily on its application—that is, refining its model and understanding and employing its results—rather than, for instance, debugging split-phase communication transactions. This is possible only through a division of labor or, as a computer scientist would say, a “separation of concerns,” because the sophistication of solution algorithms and their implementation on massively parallel distributed hierarchical memory computers have outstripped the understanding even of any individual mathematician and computer scientist who builds a career on this task alone. Modern scientific software engineering means many things to many people, but in its cluster of distinguishing characteristics are abstract interface definition, object orientation, componentization, self description, self-error checking, self-performance monitoring, and design for performance, portability, reusability, and extensibility. Historically, the challenge for software designers, who were once primarily the physicists who understood the entire problem in a vertically integrated way, was to increase the functionality and capability for a small number of the users who were expert in the domain of the software.
Diminishing Returns Shape Constraints for Interpretability and Regularization

We investigate machine learning models that can provide diminishing returns and accelerating returns guarantees to capture prior knowledge or policies about how outputs should depend on inputs. We show that one can build flexible, nonlinear, multi-dimensional models using lattice functions with any combination of concavity/convexity and monotonicity constraints on any subsets of features, and compare to new shape-constrained neural networks. We demonstrate on real-world examples that these shape constrained models can provide tuning-free regularization and improve model understandability.
Health Self-Management

Adults with intellectual disability and their families are required to manage their disabilities in addition to a variety of secondary conditions, such as diabetes, heart disease, dental problems, and movement and cognitive decline. Secondary health conditions can limit the ability of adults with intellectual disability to live a healthy and productive life. In this chapter, discussed are secondary oral, mental, physical and sensory health conditions. Discussed also is health-self-management and the difficulties adults with intellectual disability experience in completing tasks such as brushing teeth, cooking healthful meals, and communicating needs. We conclude with information that can be helpful for health care professionals to evaluate and develop interventions to improve health-related self-management.
FB-ZCS DC-DC Converter with Adaptive Resonant Energy Using Phase-Shift Frequency Modulation

This paper presents a full-bridge zero-current-switching (FB-ZCS) dc-dc converter with adaptive resonant commutation energy realized through phase-shift frequency modulation. Existing family of FB-ZCS converters use transformer leakage inductance and shunt-connected resonant capacitor for achieving smooth current commutation and soft-switching. Shunt-connected resonant capacitor unnecessarily stores full-load-rated commutation energy at all load conditions and its charging duration in every switching cycle results in significant duty-cycle loss. Moreover, shunt-connected capacitor suffers from energy leakage through transformer winding which requires overrating of capacitor energy, further aggravating aforementioned issues and restricting the operation range of converter. To address these limitations, FB-ZCS converter with series-connected resonant capacitor is proposed in this paper which minimizes duty-cycle loss and capacitor energy leakage. Current-dependent adaptive control of resonant energy is also achieved through series connection. However, smooth commutation and soft-switching capability are lost at light loads due to insufficient voltage across resonant capacitor. To address this, frequency modulation combined with conventional phase-shift modulation control is utilized. Operation of proposed converter is presented and validated with simulation and experimental results.
2-Azadienes as Enamine Umpolung Synthons for the Preparation of Chiral Amines

The development of new strategies for the preparation of chiral amines is an important objective in organic synthesis. In this Synpacts, we summarize our approach for catalytically accessing nucleophilic aminoalkyl metal species from 2-azadienes, and its application in generating a number of important but elusive chiral amine scaffolds. Reductive couplings with ketones and imines afford 1,2-amino tertiary alcohols and 1,2-diamines, respectively, whereas fluoroarylations of gem-difluoro-2-azadienes deliver α-trifluoromethylated benzylic amines.
Catalan Atlas of 1375 and Hormuz around 1300

Abstract. In about 1375, Jewish cartographers from Palma (de Mallorca), Cresques Abraham and his son Jehuda, have produced an outstanding work of the Majorcan cartographic school of the fourteenth century, the Catalan Atlas. The atlas contained the latest information on Africa, Asia, and China, therefore it was considered to be the most complete picture of geographical knowledge as it stood in the later Middle Ages. There was also some up-to-date information. One of the most important innovations has concerned the port of Hormuz in the Persian Gulf and its shift from the mainland (Old Hormuz) to the island of Jerun (since then named Hormuz). My paper compares information about Hormuz in the Catalan Atlas with that in the original texts just before and after the relocation of the city and port.
Hematologic effects of splenectomy in Still-Chauffard-Felty syndrome a report of two cases.

Two cases of Still-Chauffard-Felty syndrome treated by splenectomy are presented. One case has survived five years with complete hematologic restitution and definite improvement in the arthritis. The second case expired six weeks after splenectomy. Autopsy revealed portal vein thrombosis (pylephlebitis). Both cases exhibited the blood manifestations associated with "hypersplenism." In both cases splenectomy resulted in a return of the peripheral blood picture to relative normality.
Differences in Agency Problems between Public and Private Firms: Evidence from Top Management Turnover

We compare a primary outcome of corporate governance, the propensity to replace poorly performing managers, between public and private firms in a large cross-country sample. We show that public firms display a higher sensitivity of top management turnover to firm performance than private firms. We find that this difference in the sensitivity of management turnover to firm performance stems from the information production and monitoring function of public equity markets and from the market for corporate control. Our results suggest that agency problems in publicly traded firms may be less severe than previously anticipated and financial markets play an important governance role.
Lateral and Torsional Vibration Monitoring of Multistack Rotor Induction Motors

In this article, both the lateral and torsional vibrations in multistack rotor induction motors (IM) are modeled in the same framework, and the corresponding precursors in the current waveform are analyzed in detail. Due to the very large rotor length-to-diameter ratio, rotor vibrations can become a major issue in these types of high-torque motors. In order to monitor the vibration components, the lumped mass–spring model for the rotors and couplings is developed to calculate the natural frequencies and torsional-mode shapes of the mechanical system. To model the electrical part, stator windings are split up into several identical windings that are connected in series and correspond to each rotor stack. Since the torsional vibration does not remarkably affect the winding symmetry, the dq model for each section is sufficient to describe the motor behavior during torsional oscillation. Similarly, for the lateral vibration, the mechanical system is modeled in all lateral directions and all modes. Due to the loss of symmetry, the abc model is used for each rotor and stator. In this modeling approach, all inductances (self and mutual of stator and rotor and the mutual inductances between the stator and rotor) are needed. To mimic the effect of lateral vibrations on the motor inductances, a new approach is developed using winding function theory. In this model, all inductances are formulated as a function of eccentricity severity and angle, and a new analytical IM model is developed to show the effects of lateral vibration. Finally, the experimental results are presented and compared with the analytical results.
New Stability Conditions for Time Delay Control of Nonlinear Systems

Time Delay Control (TDC) for linear and nonlinear systems with unknown or uncertain dynamics continues to attract attention with several applications, extensions, and variations, given its relatively simple and compact nature. Time Delay Control utilizes time-delayed signals for approximating unknown dynamics at a given instant, and canceling these dynamics, and inserting desired dynamics through feedback. Despite advances involving Uncertainty and Disturbance Estimator, and Active Disturbance Rejection Control, TDC retains its appeal due to its simplicity, as well as similarity and equivalence to PI/PID controller as well as other methods. It provides the potential of a simplified and different approach to controller design for systems with uncertainties. This paper describes improved sufficient conditions for Bounded Input Bounded Output stability while being practical, for continuous Time Delay Control of generalized nonlinear, time-varying systems that are not necessarily affine in input, and for Time Delay (L) that is finite, but not necessarily infinitesimally small. The paper contrasts the methodology and conditions compared to previous results for continuous Time Delay Control for such systems, indicating the superiority of the new results while remaining practical for cases that include nonaffine nonlinear systems. It is hoped that the results of this paper, coupled with other results, lay the foundation for future advances in design methods for various versions of Time Delay Control, including discrete as well as other implementation aspects, that are relatively practical and less conservative.
Physics Inspired Deep Neural Networks for Top Quark Reconstruction

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been applied to the fields of computer vision and natural language processing with great success in recent years. The success of these applications has hinged on the development of specialized DNN architectures that take advantage of specific characteristics of the problem to be solved, namely convolutional neural networks for computer vision and recurrent neural networks for natural language processing. This research explores whether a neural network architecture specific to the task of identifying t → Wb decays in particle collision data yields better performance than a generic, fully-connected DNN. Although applied here to resolved top quark decays, this approach is inspired by an DNN technique for tagging boosted top quarks, which consists of defining custom neural network layers known as the combination and Lorentz layers. These layers encode knowledge of relativistic kinematics applied to combinations of particles, and the output of these specialized layers can then be fed into a fully connected neural network to learn tasks such as classification. This research compares the performance of these physics inspired networks to that of a generic, fully-connected DNN, to see if there is any advantage in terms of classification performance, size of the network, or ease of training.
Plasmon-enhanced Catalytic Ozonation for Efficient Removal of Recalcitrant Water Pollutants

Ag-Doped MnFe2O4 catalyst (Ag/MnFe2O4) was synthesized by a simple sol–gel method followed by H2 reduction. Utilizing the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of Ag, ∼35-fold and ∼7-fold degr...
Determinants of Paternal Engagement: Investigating Low-Income Fathers’ Caregiving, Play, and Verbal Engagement With Infants:

Extant research highlights the importance of early paternal engagement for children and families. Thus, there is strong support for the exploration of predictors of low-income father engagement. In...
Pregnancy, Birth and Beyond: Addressing SDH Across the Care Continuum

Background: Social determinants of health (SDH) are key drivers of health inequity, particularly in neighborhoods with high rates of poverty. Stress related to psychosocial factors such as financial concerns, housing instability, and family dysfunction increase the risk of maternal depression, premature birth, and developmental delays in children. Purpose: This poster describes a novel approach to identify and address stress related to SDH in prenatal women and families with young children. Setting: A Federally Qualified Health Center serving a predominantly ethnic minority population in an urban …
European monetary arrangements

This paper deals with three interrelated problem areas in the general context of European monetary arrangements. They include exchange rate management, policy coordination, and European financial markets. In each case, outstanding issues will be identified and possible solutions indicated.
Studies of pituitary lactogenic hormone: Physicochemical characterization of porcine prolactin☆

Abstract Porcine pituitary lactogenic hormone has been examined by exclusion chromatography, analytical ultracentrifugation, free-boundary electrophoresis, solubility behavior, circular dichroism, and fluorescence spectra. The results have been compared with previous studies of ovine pituitary lactogenic hormone. These two hormones were found to resemble one another very closely by all criteria studied. While the homology between these lactogenic hormones and growth hormones is strongly reflected in the sharing of certain physicochemical properties, a number of distinct structural differences between these two closely related evolutionary lines are now becoming apparent.
Joycean Structure in Jacob's Room and Mrs. Dalloway

This study is not an attempt to enter into the controversy which has been waged for years on the matter of James Joyce's "influence" on Virginia Woolf. Jean Guiguet's Virginia Woolf and Her Works includes the most definitive treatment of this subject. Furthermore, James Hafley has rejected in no uncertain terms the possibility of direct "influence." Virginia Woolf s judgments of Ulysses in the diary and in the April 1918 letter to Lytton Strachey were generally strongly negative, although her essay "Modern Fiction" indicates a more positive reaction to Joyce's work, for in this essay she associates it with her own theory of the novel and feels that Joyce was sincere, that he was concerned "with the flickerings of that inmost flame."'
Recursive lists of clusters: a dynamic data structure for range queries in metric spaces

We introduce a novel data structure for solving the range query problem in generic metric spaces. It can be seen as a dynamic version of the List of Clusters data structure of Chavez and Navarro. Experimental results show that, with respect to range queries, it outperforms the original data structure when the database dimension is below 12. Moreover, the building process is much more efficient, for any size and any dimension of the database.
Morphogenetic cell movements shaping the zebrafish gastrula

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the morphogenetic cell movements and underlying molecular mechanisms implicated in shaping the zebrafish body plan during gastrulation. During early embryogenesis, inductive and morphogenetic processes cooperate to ensure that the three germ layers—ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm—are specified, and correctly positioned and shaped within the developing embryo. As a result, an initially simple blastula consisting of many blastomeres piled atop a large yolk cell, is transformed into an embryo with defined anteroposterior and dorsoventral axes. Three main morphogenetic processes operate concurrently during gastrulation to shape the early embryo including epiboly, internalization, and convergence and extension. While epiboly and internalization are completed by the end of the gastrula period, at 10 hours post-fertilization (hpf ), convergence and extension movements continue through segmentation. These morphogenetic processes are very dynamic, and overlap in time and space, such that a given cell, depending on its position, can simultaneously engage in more than one process. Therefore, the movement behaviors employed by a cell to achieve its appropriate position within the developing embryo are quite diverse, both in their execution and molecular regulation. The chapter examines the molecules and signaling pathways that orchestrate and mediate these behaviors.
Vygotsky's Psychology: A Biography of Ideas

Towards the psychology of art the psychology of tragedy the crisis in psychology tool and symbol in human development thought and language mind in trouble the life of ideas.
A Rule of Reason for Article 85 (1) of the Rome Treaty

As I have pointed out in the introduction, the first draft of this dissertation was written prior to the Court of Justice pronouncements in three landmark cases—Grundig-Consten v. EEC Commission, Societe Technique Miniere v. Maschinenbau Ulm GmbH, and Italy v. EEC Council and EEC Commission. At that time, only the Commission had begun to expound its doctrine and thus the basic substantive issues were still debated. This was especially the case with the concept of restraint of competition. (1)
Routine colonic endoscopic evaluation following resolution of acute diverticulitis: Is it necessary?

Diverticular disease incidence is increasing up to 65% by age 85 in industrialized nations, low fiber diets, and in younger and obese patients. Twenty-five percent of patients with diverticulosis will develop acute diverticulitis. This imposes a significant burden on healthcare systems, resulting in greater than 300000 admissions per year with an estimated annual cost of $3 billion USD. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) is the diagnostic study of choice, with a sensitivity and specificity greater than 95%. Unfortunately, similar CT findings can be present in colonic neoplasia, especially when perforated or inflamed. This prompted professional societies such as the American Society of Colon Rectal Surgeons to recommend patients undergo routine colonoscopy after an episode of acute diverticulitis to rule out malignancy. Yet, the data supporting routine colonoscopy after acute diverticulitis is sparse and based small cohort studies utilizing outdated technology. While any patient with an indication for a colonoscopy should undergo appropriate endoscopic evaluation, in the era of widespread use of high-resolution computed tomography, routine colonic endoscopic evaluation following resolution of acute uncomplicated diverticulitis poses additional costs, comes with inherent risks, and may require further study. In this manuscript, we review the current data related to this recommendation.
Face to face: How the Cleveland Clinic managed media relations for the first U.S. face transplant

Abstract When the first U.S. face transplant was performed at the Cleveland Clinic in late 2008, public relations practitioners at the non-profit academic medical center in Ohio played an essential role in helping to establish whether the risky and controversial surgery would be judged successful by the medical community, the news media, and the public. This descriptive case study uses agenda-building theory and the related concept of information subsidies to examine how practitioners planned and implemented media relations for one of the year's top medical stories, a story accompanied by challenging ethical issues. Strongly influenced by what they believed was a media relations fiasco involving the world's first face transplant, which had been performed three years earlier in France, Clinic practitioners effectively used information subsidies with reporters while tightly controlling information about and access to the patient. The study finds that the Clinic's media relations activities resulted in highly positive media coverage that enhanced the Clinic's reputation while also appearing to help reshape the U.S. media agenda on face transplants.