cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
An objective analysis of immediate simultaneous reconstruction in the treatment of primary carcinoma of the breast

In January 1977, the authors developed a protocol to test the advisability and feasibility of immediate simultaneous reconstruction in the treatment of primary carcinoma of the breast. Initial concerns included the morbidity of the procedure, the potential for compromise of cure and of adjuvant cancer therapy, and the aesthetic acceptability of immediate reconstruction both to the patient and to the surgeon. All patients were seen preoperatively by both the oncologic surgeon (T.G.F.) and the plastic and reconstructive surgeon, (R.B.N.), and underwent modified radical mastectomy and simultaneous reconstruction. The initial protocol included only those patients with tumors 1 cm or smaller, but over the last 25 cases the protocol has been expanded to include any patient presenting with clinical Stage I carcinoma of the breast. To date, 70 such patients (ages 27–63 years) have undergone immediate simultaneous reconstruction as part of their treatment. Twenty-five patients had evidence of microscopic nodal disease (35.7%). All patients were offered adjuvant therapy, and in no case was therapy delayed beyond 4 weeks postoperatively. Three patients developed complications resulting in loss of implant (4.3%). All patients have been followed at regular intervals, and no patient has been lost to follow-up. In only one patient was there a local recurrence without distant disease. Survival curves are consistent with the stage of the disease. The surgical techniques utilized and the methods of patient selection are discussed. The authors conclude that this is a desirable and viable option in selected patients with primary breast cancer, and that immediate simultaneous reconstruction can be done with an acceptable morbidity and without compromise of cancer therapy. Cancer 55:1202-1205, 1985.
Sexual dysfunctions in depression

The incidence of sexual dysfunctions in a group of 51 drug-free depressed patients and in age- and sex-matched controls was studied. Three groups of sexual dysfunction were assessed: alterations of libido, genital symptoms, and menstrual irregularities. The Beck Rating Scale for Depression, the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI), and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were completed on each participant. Depressed patients obtained significantly higher scores on anxiety, depression, and alterations of libido than controls. Rating scale scores for anxiety and depression were strongly inter-correlated, making the separation of depression-related symptoms from anxiety difficult. In males, the genital symptoms correlated inversely with the L (lie) score of the Eysenck Personality Inventory. There were no inter-relationships between the three groups of sexual dysfunction.
Isolation of a new, pink, obligately thermophilic, gram negative bacterium (K 2 isolate)

A pink, obligately themophilic (60 C), gram-negative, nonmotile, nonsporeforming, rod-shaped bacterium with a deoxyribonucleic acid base ratio of 64 to 65 mol% guanine plus cytosine has been repeatedly isolated from slightly alkaline, man-made and natural thermal aquatic environments. This bacterium (K-2 isolate) does not appear to have been described previously and it has been deposited with the American Type Culture Collection as an unidentified bacterium with the accession no. 27599.
ACCOUNTS AS ASSEMBLED FROM BREACHING EXPERIMENTS

A good deal of recent sociological literature has been involved with statements and explanations of the so-called “breaching experiments” or “incongruity procedures” originally introduced to sociological literature by Harold Garfinkel in his article “A Conception of, and Experiments with, ‘Trust’ as a Condition of Stable Concerted Actions.” The recent literature has essentially explained the breaching experiments as demonstrations of a means of eliciting social order through the disruption of taken-for-granted realities. An area, however, which has not been explained is the mental state of the persons who voluntarily involve themselves in these breachings. Persons who do these experiments almost unanimously remark that conducting these breachings creates anxiety and dread for them. Although there are numerous occasions in everyday life when persons find themselves in untoward positions, the breaching experiment can be used as a method of creating experimenter anxiety which is localized and pinpointed in such a way that it can be researched. This paper produces a sociological explanation of this breaching experiment anxiety. It offers therefore some insights into the influence of social situations on individuals' mental states, as well as a better understanding of the social dynamics behind the accounts people provide to explain their behavior.
National transonic facility shakedown test results and calibration plans

The results of the shakedown tests and the calibration plan of the National Transonic Facility (NTF) are presented. The facility is designed to operate in both air and nitrogen modes, cover Mach numbers from 0.2 to 1.2, pressures up to 8.8 atm and temperatures between 77 and 339 K. The facility data system is built around four 16-bit minicomputers with a total memory of three megabytes. A portable cryogenic chamber is available. The tunnel systems were operated in a series of tests in Mach number range of 0.2 to 1.17, pressures up to 8.5 atm, and temperatures down to 100 K. The calibration plan includes steady-state and dynamic calibration, as well as wall interference studies. The facility underwent the checkout of the model attitude, plenum isolation, and model access systems, followed by aerodynamic calibration in 1984. Schematic drawings and diagrams are included.
Improving Large-Scale Testing Capability by Modifying the 40- by 80-ft Wind Tunnel

Interagency studies conducted during the last several years have indicated the need to Improve full-scale testing capabilities. The studies showed that the most effective trade between test capability and facility cost was provided by re-powering the existing Ames Research Center 40- by 80-ft Wind Tunnel to Increase the maximum speed from about 100 m/s (200 knots) lo about 150 m/s (300 knots) and by adding a new 24- by 37-m (80- by 120-ft) test section powered for about a 50-m/s (100-knot) maximum speed. This paper reviews the design of the facility, a few or its capabilities, and some of its unique features.
Custom optimization of intraocular lens asphericity.

Purpose To investigate the optimal amount of spherical aberration (SA) in an intraocular lens (IOL) to maximize optical quality. Setting Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. Methods In 154 eyes of 94 patients aged 40 to 80 years, implantation of aspherical IOLs with different amounts of SA to produce residual ocular SA from −0.50 to +0.50 μm was simulated. Using the VOL-CT program (Sarver and Associates), corneal wavefront aberrations up to 6th order were computed from corneal topographic elevation data (Humphrey Atlas, Carl Zeiss, Inc.). Using the Zernike Tool program (Advanced Medical Optics, Inc.), the polychromatic point-spread function with Stiles-Crawford effect was calculated for the residual ocular higher-order aberrations (HOAs) (3rd to 6th order) for 6.0 mm and 4.0 mm pupils with defocus of 0.00 diopter (D), −0.50 D, and +0.50 D. Five parameters were used to quantify optical image quality, and the optimal ocular SA and IOL SA at which the maximal image quality was achieved in each eye were determined. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to assess the predictors for optimal IOL SA for each eye. Results The optimal ocular SA and IOL SA for a 6.0 mm pupil varied widely between eyes. With defocus of 0.00 D, −0.50 D, and +0.50 D, most eyes achieved the best image quality at an ocular SA of −0.10 to 0.00 μm, +0.15 to +0.30 μm, and −0.40 to −0.20 μm, respectively. The IOL SA values that provided optimal visual quality in at least 10% of eyes were −0.45 to −0.20 μm with zero defocus, −0.15 to +0.10 μm with myopia of −0.50 D, and −0.75 μm to −0.45 μm with hyperopia of +0.50 D. The amount of optimal IOL SA could be predicted based on other HOAs of the cornea with multiple correlation coefficients up to 0.952. Among the Zernike terms, 4th-order SA, Z(4,0), made the greatest contribution to the optimal IOL SA, followed by the 6th-order SA, Z(6,0). Conclusions The amount of IOL SA producing the best image quality varied widely between patients and could be predicted based on corneal HOAs. Selection of an aspherical IOL should be customized based on the full spectrum of corneal HOAs, not on 4th-order SA alone.
Primary cilia of human endothelial cells disassemble under laminar shear stress

We identified primary cilia and centrosomes in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) by antibodies to acetyl-α-tubulin and capillary morphogenesis gene-1 product (CMG-1), a human homologue of the intraflagellar transport (IFT) protein IFT-71 in Chlamydomonas. CMG-1 was present in particles along primary cilia of HUVEC at interphase and around the oldest basal body/centriole at interphase and mitosis. To study the response of primary cilia and centrosomes to mechanical stimuli, we exposed cultured HUVEC to laminar shear stress (LSS). Under LSS, all primary cilia disassembled, and centrosomes were deprived of CMG-1. We conclude that the exposure to LSS ends the IFT in cultured endothelial cells.
Teacher Training for Early Childhood Development and Education in Kenya

The training of early childhood development and education (ECDE) teachers in Kenya remains a priority in recognition of the vital role well-trained professionals play in the quality of early childhood experiences for children ages 0+ to 5+. This article provides a detailed overview of the current structure and training of ECDE professionals, including pedagogical strategies and curricular guidelines. Specific attention is given to the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology's intersectoral framework for stakeholders and the holistic, child-centered, multidimensional approach to coordinated early childhood development and education. A cross-section of challenges to training ECDE teachers and recommendations are offered.
Photic evoked responses during induced epileptic seizures.

SUMMARY Photic evoked responses were studied by means of the computer of average transients during induced seizures in 10 epileptic patients and a series of 18 cats. Five patients had grand mal seizures, three “petit mal status”, one a symmetrical tonic seizure of both arms associated with unresponsiveness and one classical petit mal seizures. The visual evoked potential was clearly present in all patients during the non-grand mal seizures. It was suggestively present in three patients during grand mal seizures. In the immobilized animal the evoked response was present in most instances during the buildup of seizure activity and the clonic phase of generalized seizures. The computer of average transients could not overcome the “background noise” during the tonic phase of the seizure and no definite statement regarding the presence or absence of the response can therefore be made for this segment of the attack. The fact that evoked responses were obtained during generalized seizures indicates that not all cortical neurons participate in seizure activity. The observation of evoked responses during the clonic phase indicates that active inhibition is not the most likely cause for the transition from tonic to clonic activity. If inhibition does take place during the clonic phase, it must be selective and cannot be a general phenomenon affecting all neuronal populations of the cortex. REASUMEA Les auteurs eAtudient, aG l'aide d'un moyenneur de reAponses transitoires, les reAponses visuelles eAvoqueAes au cours des crises provoqueAes chez 10 malades eApileptiques et chez 18 chats. Cinq malades avaient des crises de grand mal, trois un eAtat de petit mal, un des crises classiques de petit mal et le dernier une crise tonique symeAtrique des deux bras avec perte de la conscience. Les potentiels eAvoqueAs visuels eAtaient manifestement preAsents chez tous les patients pendant les crises autres que le grand mal. Ils eAtaient preAsents de facLon moins eAvidente chez trois sujets pendant une crise de grand mal. Chez l'animal immobiliseA, les reAponses eAvoqueAes eAtaient preAsentes dans la plupart des cas durant l'eAlaboration de l'activiteA critique et durant la phase clonique des crises geAneAraliseAes. L'appareillage de sommation ne permettait pas d'eAliminer le “bruit de fond” pendant la phase tonique de ces crises et il est impossible de preAciser la preAsence ou l'absence de reAponses pendant cette partie de la crise. Le fait que des reAponses eAvoqueAes furent obtenues pendant les crises geAneAraliseAes, indique que l'ensemble des neurones corticaux ne participe pas aG l'activiteA critique. L'existence de reAponses eAvoqueAes pendant la phase clonique indique qu'une inhibition active n'est pas la cause la plus probable de la transition entre la phase tonique et la phase clonique. Si une inhibition active survient pendant la phase clonique, elle doit eCtre seAlective et ne peut pas eCtre consideAreAe comme un pheAnomeGne geAneAral affectant toutes les populations neuroniques du cortex.
Experimental tests of chirality algebra

Most chiral molecules can be dissected into a collection of ligands attached to an underlying skeleton. Application of permutation group theory and group representation theory to such a model can lead to chirality functions which can be used to approximate pseudoscalar measurements such as optical rotation or circular dichroism. Such chirality functions have been tested experimentally for the following skeletons: (1) The polarized triangle of phosphines and phosphine oxides; (2) the tetrahedron of methane derivatives; (3) the disphenoid of allene and 2, 2′-spirobiindane derivatives; (4) the polarized rectangle of [2, 2]-metacyclophanes; (5) the polarized pentagon of heterodisubstituted ferrocenes. The success of this method is fair to good for the polarized triangle, tetrahedron, and disphenoid skeletons but deteriorates rapidly for the polarized rectangle and polarized pentagon skeletons, in accord with the greater group-theoretical complexity of the latter skeletons.
Genetic interactions between KAR7/SEC71, KAR8/JEM1, KAR5, and KAR2 during nuclear fusion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

During mating of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, two nuclei fuse to produce a single diploid nucleus. Two genes, KAR7 and KAR8, were previously identified by mutations that cause defects in nuclear membrane fusion. KAR7 is allelic to SEC71, a gene involved in protein translocation into the endoplasmic reticulum. Two other translocation mutants, sec63-1 and sec72Δ, also exhibited moderate karyogamy defects. Membranes from kar7/sec71Δ and sec72Δ, but not sec63-1, exhibited reduced membrane fusion in vitro, but only at elevated temperatures. Genetic interactions between kar7 and kar5 mutations were suggestive of protein–protein interactions. Moreover, in sec71 mutants, Kar5p was absent from the SPB and was not detected by Western blot or immunoprecipitation of pulse-labeled protein. KAR8 is allelic to JEMI, encoding an endoplasmic reticulum resident DnaJ protein required for nuclear fusion. Overexpression of KAR8/JEM1 (but not SEC63) strongly suppressed the mating defect of kar2-1, suggesting that Kar2p interacts with Kar8/Jem1p for nuclear fusion. Electron microscopy analysis of kar8 mutant zygotes revealed a nuclear fusion defect different from kar2, kar5, and kar7/sec71 mutants. Analysis of double mutants suggested that Kar5p acts before Kar8/Jem1p. We propose the existence of a nuclear envelope fusion chaperone complex in which Kar2p, Kar5p, and Kar8/Jem1p are key components and Sec71p and Sec72p play auxiliary roles.
Antimutagenic and some other effects of conjugated linoleic acid.

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a collective term for positional and geometric isomers of octadecadienoic acid in which the double bonds are conjugated, i.e. contiguous. CLA was identified as a component of milk and dairy products over 20 years ago. It is formed as an intermediate in the course of the conversion of linoleic acid to oleic acid in the rumen. The predominant naturally occurring isomer is the cis-9, trans-11 modification. Treatment of linoleic acid-rich oils such as safflower oil, soybean oil, or maize oil with base and heat will result in the formation of CLA. Two isomers predominate in the synthetic preparation, c9,t11 and t10,c12. CLA has been shown to inhibit chemically-induced skin, stomach, mammary or colon tumours in mice and rats. The inhibition of mammary tumours in rats is effective regardless of type of carcinogen or type or amount of dietary fat. CLA has also been shown to inhibit cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis in rabbits. When young animals (mice, pigs) are placed on CLA-containing diets after weaning they accumulate more body protein and less fat. Since CLA is derived from the milk of ruminant animals and is found primarily in their meat and in products derived from their milk there is a concerted world-wide effort to increase CLA content of milk by dietary means. Its effect on growth (less fat, more protein) is also a subject of active research. The mechanisms underlying the effects of CLA are still moot.
Granular element method (GEM): linking inter-particle forces with macroscopic loading

We present a new method capable of inferring, for the first time, inter-particle contact forces in irregularly-shaped natural granular materials (e.g., sands), using basic Newtonian mechanics and balance of linear momentum at the particle level. The method furnishes a relationship between inter-particle forces and corresponding average particle stresses, which can be inferred, for instance, from measurements of average particle strains emanating from advanced experimental techniques (e.g., 3D X-ray diffraction). Inter-particle forces are the missing link in understanding how forces are transmitted in complex granular structures and the key to developing physics-based constitutive models. We present two numerical examples to verify the method and showcase its promise.
Enhancing Classroom Performance: A Technology Design to Support the Integration of Collaborative Learning and Participative Teams.

Integral components of today’s successful business models frequently include information technology, effective collaboration, and participative teamwork among employees. It is in the best interest of students for educators to provide classrooms that reflect a profitable practitioner’s environment. Students studying for careers in business should learn the advantages of teamwork and apply what they learn by participating as members of project teams as part of curriculum activities. Organizations are incorporating collaborative hardware, software, and spaces at an unprecedented pace and rapid advancements in technology are continuously changing collaboration and teamwork strategies. To better prepare students to perform in this type of environment, the John L. Grove College of Business at Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania has recently designed and equipped classrooms to support intellectual teamwork activities. The intent of this paper is to share the details regarding the teaching/learning experiences of the faculty and students using the facilities, the physical design of the spaces, and the technology that was incorporated into the designated spaces. The discussion of lessons learned and recommendations for designing and implementing a “real learning for real life” classroom should be particularly useful to institutions planning or actively involved in designing technologyenhanced collaborative or teamwork activity facilities.
Towards Defining Nutrient Conditions Encountered by the Rice Blast Fungus during Host Infection

Fungal diseases cause enormous crop losses, but defining the nutrient conditions encountered by the pathogen remains elusive. Here, we generated a mutant strain of the devastating rice pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae impaired for de novo methionine biosynthesis. The resulting methionine-requiring strain grew strongly on synthetic minimal media supplemented with methionine, aspartate or complex mixtures of partially digested proteins, but could not establish disease in rice leaves. Live-cell-imaging showed the mutant could produce normal appressoria and enter host cells but failed to develop, indicating the availability or accessibility of aspartate and methionine is limited in the plant. This is the first report to demonstrate the utility of combining biochemical genetics, plate growth tests and live-cell-imaging to indicate what nutrients might not be readily available to the fungal pathogen in rice host cells.
The Methodology of Participant Observation

In the search for meaning and understanding in human relationships a significant number of sociologists in the classical tradition, as well as in contemporary research, have recognized the importance of participant observation in methodology. The place of this technique in the methodology of social sciences has yet to be thoroughly examined. It still remains a questionable technique for some social scientists largely because it raises some of the most fundamental questions about epistemology and challenges the traditions of science.
Selective allodepletion: have we finally found the holy grail?

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a potentially curative treatment option for patients with hematologic malignancies and nonmalignant disorders of hematopoiesis. Outcomes of allogeneic HSCT have improved steadily over the decades [1]. However, significant challenges remain. One of these challenges is the so-called Holy Grail of stem cell transplantation immunology: to preserve the beneficial effects of donor T cells against the tumor and against pathogenswhile avoidingallogeneic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) [2]. To find the Holy Grail, we must develop methods or treatments that selectively deplete Tcells that react against host alloantigens, yet preserve tumor-specific and pathogenreactive T cells. Experiments published by Ross et al. in this issue of Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation [3] suggest that post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTC), a novel form of GVHD prophylaxis, may do just that. PTC is celebrating its golden anniversary. In October 1963, Berenbaum and Brown reported that cyclophosphamide (Cy) treatment of rats prolonged the survival of skin allografts, and that graft survival was longest when the drug was given 1 to 3 days after, rather than before, transplantation [4]. The road to the use of PTC in allogeneic HSCT is long, but significant credit must be given to Hisanori Mayumi et al. in the laboratory of Kikuo Nomoto [5]. These investigators developed a method for establishing hematopoietic microchimerism and robust tolerance to minor histocompatibility antigens in mice by i.v. infusion of allogeneic spleen cells followed in 2 or 3 days by intraperitoneal administration of high-dose Cy [6]. They showed that a high dose of cells was required for tolerance induction, and that the dose and timing of Cy were critical to the outcome [7]. For example, tolerance and chimerismwere induced if the drugwere given on day 2 or 3 after cell infusion, but not if the drugwere given on day 1 or on day 4. Interestingly, Cy-induced tolerance was blocked by peritransplantation treatment of the recipient with cyclosporine A [8]. Finally, they showed that tolerance of the microchimeric donor cells was mediated initially by Cy-induced destruction of alloreactive host T cells, then by intrathymic clonal deletion of donor-reactive host cells, and
Nonlinear Resource Allocation in Restoration of Compromised Systems

Under security threats, today's networks are being made to be intrusion tolerant. In a large scale, services are continuing (at a degraded level) while compromising and recovering are both progressing. One of the key problems in the restoration procedure regards to the resource allocation strategies, typically a minimized total cost concerning both service loss and resource expense. In this paper, we investigate the achievable minimal total cost and corresponding resource allocation strategy for different situations. The situations include nonlinear relationship between resource allocation rate and the restoration rate, and its variant when time factor is concerned. We present cost models and numerical results. The results show the impact from various system parameters on the critical conditions for a successful system restoration and the minimal cost. An important result of our study suggests that tight operational region exists under certain conditions.
Ribosomal DNA sequences discriminate among toxic and non-toxic Pseudonitzschia species.

Cultured isolates of Pseudonitzschia australis Frenguelli, P. delicatissima (Cleve) Heiden, P. americana (Hasle) Fryxell, P. pungens (Grunow) Hasle, and P. pungens f. multiseries (Hasle) Hasle from Monterey Bay, California, were compared on the basis of their large-subunit ribosomal RNA gene (LsrDNA). Pseudonitzschia australis, P. pungens f. multiseries, and P. delicatissima were previously shown to produce the neurotoxin domoic acid; the remaining isolates are considered non-toxic. For each isolate approximately 800 base pairs of LsrDNA, encompassing both evolutionarily conserved and evolutionarily variable regions of the molecule, were amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced. Phylogenetic trees generated by parsimony analysis of aligned sequences afford a preliminary view of the organisms genetic relationships. Species defined by morphological criteria are also distinguishable by LsrDNA sequence. Organisms known or suspected to produce domoic acid cluster at different termini on the phylogenetic tree. Two genetically distinct strains of P. australis and P. pungens were identified. Development of a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assay of the LsrDNA is described. The RFLP assay discriminates each species, including distinguished strains of P. australis and P. pungens. The restriction test provides a rapid and convenient method for screening isolates' LsrDNA, facilitating further tests of the apparent positive correlation between Pseudonitzschia species' ribosomal gene signatures, morphology, and capacity to produce domoic acid. copy; 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
A mathematical transform to analyze part surface quality in manufacturing

The status of fault patterns on part surfaces can provide valuable information about the condition of a manufacturing system. Accurate detection of the part surface condition in manufacturing ensures the fault-free manufacturing of high-quality parts, as well as helping in the accurate design/redesign of machine components and manufacturing parameters. To address this problem, we introduce an alternative mathematical transform that has the potential to detect faults in manufacturing machines by decomposing signals into individual components. Specifically, the paper focuses on the decomposition of numerically generated data using the Karhunen-Loeve transform to study a variety of signals from manufacturing. The potential utility of the proposed technique is then discussed in the context of understanding a manufacturing process under constant development.
Catalytic activity of iron, nickel, and nickel-phosphorus in electroless nickel plating

The catalytic activity for electrooxidation of hypophosphite and electroless nickel plating on iron, nickel, and electrolessly plated nickel (with 2.2–2.9 weight percent (w/o) P) was investigated in an ammoniacal solution of pH 8.8 at 50°C by potential measurements and linear sweep voltammetry from −0.3V to 0.92V vs. SCE. Cathodic polarization of any of the substrates (in ) before testing or permeation of hydrogen through iron foils during testing reduced the incubation time for electroless plating, increased anodic dissolution of the substrates in the passive region, and increased the hypophosphite electrooxidation on nickel and nickel‐phosphorus at potentials of thermodynamic stability for nickel oxides or hydroxides. The nickel‐phosphorus substrate exhibited significantly higher activity than pure nickel, in a similar manner to the effect of cathodic polarization. The effect of cathodic polarization and hydrogen is associated with the electrochemical reduction of surface oxides, whereas the higher activity of nickel‐phosphorus deposits (as compared to that of pure nickel) is explained by the lower protectivity of surface oxides on these deposits.
Use of SOA 3.0 in Strategic Information System Planning

This research paper puts light on the competitive advantage of IT for professional service industries using strategic information system planning (SISP) and the new paradigm in service oriented architecture SOA 3.0. A service provider can obtain competitive advantage from its competing businesses by offering its customers better value, by means of better benefits and services with affordable low cost solutions to its consumers. This advantage can be achieved by using strategic information system planning (SISP). A service provider has to go through a major change in its policies and procedure to provide end-user services by introducing the methodology of SOA 3.0. This is a complicated task and introduces a major change for all inter-organizational stakeholders. This change is initiated from planning for IS/IT internal and external users, based on a competitive business strategy to win the consumer’s trust. The discussion in this paper covers the utilization of information communication technology by airlines for competitive advantage. This paper also discusses the gap between research in academia and practices in the industry and, how to overcome this gap by embedding current research into the general practices of the industry.
The Class Embeddedness of Corporate Political Action: Leadership in Defense of the NAFTA

This paper examines the sources and significance of inter-corporate unity in political defense of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Using a wide range of firm-level and inter-corporate network data, the author analyzes sources of leadership in the USA*NAFTA coalition among a sample of 200 corporations. Business Roundtable affiliation and higher degrees of centrality within U.S. Trade Advisory Committees significantly increased the odds of a corporation assuming leadership in the USA*NAFTA coalition. Board of director network centrality also influenced leadership outcomes. The number of subsidiary operations in Mexico, ranked sales, labor intensity of firm operations, and ideological propensities of political action committee contributions had significant bivariate associations, though did not significantly improve the fit of the logistic model. The very strong effects of Business Roundtable membership and centrality in the Trade Advisory network confirm the importance of inter-corporate cohesion in the policy formation process and the propitious functions of inter-firm networks in mobilizing a collective defense of the policy outcome; that is, the NAFTA. Consistent with a class embeddedness account, the analysis provides support for political theories of trade policy and globalization that are attentive to the relationship between class organization and state structure.
Barred owl space use and habitat selection in the Eastern Cascades, Washington.

Abstract Competition with barred owls (Strix varia varia) is an important factor contributing to the continued decline of threatened northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina) populations in the Pacific Northwest, USA, but basic information on habitat selection and space use patterns of barred owls is lacking for much of the region. We investigated space use and habitat selection by tracking radiotagged barred owls in the Eastern Cascade Range of Washington, USA, from 2004 to 2006. We surveyed for barred owls across the 309-km2 study area and confirmed presence of barred owl pairs at 21 sites. We collected movement data on 14 barred owls from 12 sites. Mean annual 95% fixed-kernel home-range size was 194 ha for females (n = 4, SD = 70) and 288 ha for males (n = 5, SD = 114). Home ranges were located more frequently than expected in areas with low topographic position, gentle slopes, large overstory tree-crown diameter, high normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), overstory tree canop...
The Jews and Capitalism: A Love - Hate Relationship Enigma

There is no doubt that at least in some sense, there is it love - hate relationship between Jews and Capitalism. On the one hand, there is a strong tradition of support for socialism, communism, labor unionism, feminism, and affirmative action within the Jewish community. Names such as Karl Marx, Leon Trotsky, Sigmund Freud, Rosa Luxemburg, Bernard Sanders, Laurence Tribe, Paul Wellstone, Alan Dershowitz, and Russell Feingold spring to mind - but only as the veritable tip of an iceberg which flows deep.
The revised trauma score: a means to evaluate aeromedical staffing patterns.

The myriad of crew configurations used in the transport of patients by aeromedical services have not been subject to objective measures of patient status before and after transport as a means of evaluating their contribution to patient care. This work reviews the outcomes of 96 patients cared for by aeromedical crews composed of two dual-licensed registered nurse (RN)/paramedics (PM) or one registered nurse and one paramedic. The Revised Trauma Score for Triage (RTS) was used as an objective measure of patient status. There were no significant differences between the crew configurations in ground time, flight time, total mission time, and RTS after transport; initial RTS in patients cared for by 2 RN/PM crews was significantly lower. Analysis of the subset of patients felt to be more severely injured (RTS less than or equal to 10) failed to show any significant differences between these two groups. This work outlines a methodology that objectively assesses the contribution of different crew configurations to the care of the trauma patient. Language: en
Relationships between day one piglet serum immunoglobulin immunocrit and subsequent growth, puberty attainment, litter size, and lactation performance

Colostrum affects gut and uterine gland development in the neonatal piglet, suggesting that subsequent growth and reproductive performance may be affected. Measuring immunoglobulin in piglet serum using the immunoglobulin immunocrit on Day 1 of age provides a simple, inexpensive indication of the amount of colostrum acquired by the piglet in the first day of life. Relationships between serum immunoglobulin immunocrit measures and subsequent growth rates, age at puberty, incidence of puberty failure, litter size, and lactation performance were examined in pigs born and subsequently farrowing between 2009 and 2013. Immunoglobulin immunocrit measures were collected on 16,762 piglets on Day 1 of age. Of these piglets, BW measurements were available from 15,324 (7,684 males and 7,640 females) piglets at a range of ages from weaning to 200 d of age, allowing an assessment of growth rates. Age at puberty was recorded from a subset of 2,857 of the females after observing them for estrous behavior from approximately 170 to 250 d of age. To examine relationships between d 1 immunocrit and puberty failure, gilts with immunocrit measures that failed to reach puberty (n = 119) were matched with littermate gilts with immunocrit measures that achieved puberty (n = 167). Similarly, number born alive was collected on a subset (n = 799) of females from first to fourth parities for which d 1 immunocrits were measured on them as neonates. Finally, d 1 immunocrit effect on adult lactational competence was assessed by measuring litter average (offspring of 440 females) and litter average piglet preweaning growth rate (offspring of 774 females) in females where d 1 immunocrits were available from them as neonates. Results indicated that low d 1 immunocrits were subsequently associated with reduced growth (P < 0.01), increased age at puberty (P < 0.01), reduced number born alive (P < 0.05), reduced litter average immunocrit (P < 0.05), and reduced litter average preweaning growth rate during lactation (P < 0.05). This suggests that management efforts to improve the amount of colostrum ingested by neonatal piglets would result in beneficial changes in production efficiency, particularly for gilts destined for the breeding herd. It also suggests that the immunoglobulin immunocrit can be useful in monitoring colostrum ingestion to maximize the beneficial effects of colostrum on subsequent performance.
PATIENTS THAT RESPOND TO ENHANCED EXTERNAL COUNTERPULSATION ARE AT DECREASED RISK FOR MAJOR ADVERSE CARDIAC EVENTS AND HAVE INCREASES IN ENDOTHELIAL PRECURSOR STEM CELLS

Does improved exercise capacity after treatment with enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) decrease the risk for major adverse cardiac events (MACE) by mobilizing endothelial precursor cells (EPC) to enhance coronary collateral circulation? Forty consecutive patients with angina refractory to
The Number of Representations by Certain Positive Ternary Quadratic Forms

(1929). The Number of Representations by Certain Positive Ternary Quadratic Forms. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 73-77.
Solubility and solution mechanisms of chlorine and fluorine in aluminosilicate melts at high pressure and high temperature

The solubility and solution behavior of F and Cl in peralkaline aluminosilicate compositions in the systems Na2O-Al2O3-SiO2 and K2O-Al2O3-SiO2 have been determined for glasses quenched from melts equilibrated at 1400 and 1600 °C in the 1.0–2.5 GPa pressure range. With Al/(Al+Si) increasing from 0 to 0.33 in sodium aluminosilicate melts, F solubility (saturation concentration) increases from 3.3 to 7.4 mol%, whereas Cl solubility decreases from 5.7 to 2.5 mol%. There is no difference in F solubility in sodium or potassium aluminosilicate melts. However, the Cl solubility in potassic aluminosilicate melts is 40–60% lower than in sodic melts with the same Al/(Al+Si) and Na or K mole fraction. Fluorine depolymerizes the silicate melt structure and forms Si-F, Al-F, and Na-F complexes, the proportion of which depends on the melt Al/(Al+Si) ratio. Dissolution of Cl results in a small degree of depolymerization of Al-free silicate melt, whereas Cl has a polymerizing effect in aluminosilicate melts. In both cases, formation of Na-Cl complexes appears to be the driving solution mechanism. The differences in F and Cl solution mechanisms result in contrasting depolymerizing effects that become more pronounced with increasing degree of magmatic differentiation. Through such modifications of melt structure, F and Cl have significant effects on magma properties such as viscosity, compressibility, and element partitioning.
Temporal-spatial Analysis Model of Traffic Accident Severity Based on Cumulative Logistic Model

The occurrence of traffic accidents has the randomicity and contingency,this article attempts to make a research on the rules of traffic accidents to minimize the severity of traffic accidents.Firstly,according to the statistical data of a typical accident-prone section,accident severity was selected as the dependent variable,and twelve factors from the three aspects of time,road spatial structure and traffic environment were selected as the candidate independent variables.Then,the combined stepwise method was used to analyze the significant correlation between dependent variable and independent variables,and a temporal-spatial analysis model of traffic accident based on cumulative Logistic model was built.The developed model was tested from three aspects,which are score test for the proportional odds assumption,goodness of fit and predictive accuracy.The results show that seven independent variables,which are accident time,seasonal factors,accident location,road alignment,gradient,the number of vehicles involved in accidents and the ratio of daily traffic to annual average daily traffic,are significantly associated with the dependent variable.
The Power Network Harmonic Current Detection Based on Wavelet Transform

Harmonic is harmful to electric power system and electric equipments.Harmonic detection is an important branch of harmonic problem.The real-time andaccurate detecting for harmonic measurement has much practical meaning.But the traditional harmonic detection method has many shortcomings.As the development of digital signal processing technology,the wavelet transform,which is regarded as an effective way,has been widely applied to the analysis of the power network harmonic detection.The study analyzed the power network harmonic signals by wavelet transform based on multi-resolution analysis.Theoretical analysis and simulation results approved the validity of the detection technique.
Bilateral interhemispheric subdural hematoma: a case report.

Bilateral interhemispheric subdural hematoma is a rare posttraumatic lesion that has only received mention in the radiologic literature [1], and a mere four cases have been acknowledged in the medical literature [1, 2]. It is usually associated with severe trauma or extenuating circumstances (anticoagulation, ventriculoperitoneal shunt). We report a fifth case of bilateral interhemispheric subdural hematoma.
Gender and the media: An investigation of gender, media, and politics in the 2000 election

Although women have made gains in the political arena during the past decade, sharp contrasts still exist when comparing the number of men and women in elected office. This study investigates the relationship between candidate sex and the issues and image messages existing in the media during the 2000 Senatorial and Gubernatorial mixed‐gender campaigns. Significant results were discovered concerning the types of issues discussed as well as the images portrayed when correlated to the gender of the candidate. Contrary to past research, however, women received more coverage, as well as more favorable coverage, in their 2000 campaigns. Ultimately, this study posits that gradual evolution is taking place within newspapers’ coverage of women running for political office. While some stereotyping does exist, the playing field for female candidates is flattening. Further investigation into media coverage of mixed gender elections is necessary to ascertain whether the trend will continue.
Criteria for the Selection of Load Combination Factors

Load combination formats are essential components of limit states design procedures. Such formats must be simple and involve very few numbers. In this paper load models and the results of a sensitivity analysis are reviewed, bounding design cases are studied and simple, generally conservative numerical factors are chosen.
Corruptus interruptus: the limits of transactional imaginaries in Moi’s Kenya

This article attempts to unsettle treatments of sovereignty that assume an intrinsic relationship between violence and the law even while critiquing the capacity of the law to ground social order through violence. In such discussions, the police become the embodiment of the force of law without content, especially in totalitarian contexts. In contrast, this article explores other conceptions of the police and by extension, sovereignty, at work in Kenya through an examination of police/citizen interactions at a marked political moment – the end of the 24-year rule of Kenyan President Daniel Arap Moi in 2002. Through a particular example of the complicated conviviality that pervades state/society relations in many patrimonial political contexts – in this case between a policeman, a bus driver, and the bus diver’s wife – I attempt to reframe normative conceptions about the police and of enforcement in the context of Kenya’s failing patrimonial economy of circulation and capture in the early 2000s.
Diet and lifestyle modification and its relationship to atherosclerosis

Much of the CHD protective effects of diet are mediated through the effects of diet on risk factor levels. The best studied are the effects of diet on lipoprotein levels and blood pressure. With these effects in mind, specific dietary recommendations have been made to reduce CHD rates among healthy Americans. Dietary modification will reduce risk factor levels in the majority of people and will have measurable impact on CHD rates in the nation (Table 9). In the treatment of patients, it is important to distinguish which lipoprotein and blood pressure abnormalities are amenable to diet and which ones require drug therapy. This distinction can be made by understanding the quantitative relationship between dietary intake and risk factor levels that has been presented here and by assessing the current dietary intake of the individual. There must be a significant change in dietary composition to produce a significant change in risk factor level. This point, although it appears obvious when stated, is a common source of confusion concerning the efficacy of diet. For individuals, most nonresponse to dietary change reflects the lack of a dietary change. Poor adherence, in turn, may be the direct result of inadequate diet counseling. Counseling with a registered dietitian may be useful not only in educating the high-risk patient concerning the nutrient content of food, but also in establishing the current dietary intake of the patient. Compliance is not the only cause of nonresponse. For some patients who are already following a CHD prevention diet, additional risk factor reductions may not be evident when minor dietary constituents are altered. Because the majority of the diet effect has already been achieved, this "nonresponse" should not be surprising. The benefit of a change in a minor dietary constituent may not be detectable above the random day-to-day variation in risk factor levels. Lastly, although true nonresponders to diet have been observed, at least for blood cholesterol levels, the prevalence of nonresponse or minimal response is less than 10% of the population. Although the small changes in risk factor levels achieved by diet cannot compare with the greater changes achieved by drug therapy, dietary therapy will always have an important place in altering the health of the United States and its people. For some individuals, dietary and lifestyle modification may be all that is needed for CHD prevention; for others, dietary and lifestyle modifications provide a foundation on which drug therapy can be added for maximum CHD risk reduction.
Materials Synthesis Insights from Scientific Literature via Text Extraction and Machine Learning

In the past several years, Materials Genome Initiative (MGI) efforts have produced myriad examples of computationally designed materials in the fields of energy storage, catalysis, thermoelectrics, and hydrogen storage as well as large data resources that are used to screen for potentially transformative compounds. The bottleneck in high-throughput materials design has thus shifted to materials synthesis, which motivates our development of a methodology to automatically compile materials synthesis parameters across tens of thousands of scholarly publications using natural language processing techniques. To demonstrate our framework’s capabilities, we examine the synthesis conditions for various metal oxides across more than 12 thousand manuscripts. We then apply machine learning methods to predict the critical parameters needed to synthesize titania nanotubes via hydrothermal methods and verify this result against known mechanisms. Finally, we demonstrate the capacity for transfer learning by using machin...