cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A randomized maternal evaluation of epinephrine autoinjection devices.

BACKGROUND Intramuscular epinephrine (adrenaline) is the first-line therapy for anaphylaxis and prompt administration improves outcome. In 2011, two epinephrine autoinjectors existed in the United Kingdom, differing in their users' administration method: EpiPen(®) and Anapen(®) . We routinely train all families who receive these devices. AIM To evaluate: Maternal competence in using epinephrine autoinjectors following our standard anaphylaxis training package. Which device mothers found easier to use. METHODS Mothers with no previous epinephrine autoinjector experience were approached to participate. One clinician provided a standardized demonstration on using a randomly assigned autoinjector device. She immediately evaluated the mothers' performance using ten predetermined criteria. Four criteria were device specific and six were common criteria to both devices. RESULTS One hundred mothers participated: 50 EpiPen(®) and 50 Anapen(®) . A substantial proportion of mothers (15% overall) were not able to successfully 'fire' these training devices: Anapen(®) 4% and EpiPen(®) 26% (OR 8.43, p = 0.005). Only 22% of mothers overall were able to perform all ten procedures completely successfully: Anapen(®) 32% and EpiPen(®) 12%. Chi-squared analysis showed a significantly higher proportion of mothers correctly performing all Anapen(®) specific procedures than EpiPen(®) (OR 14.24, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION It is concerning that 15% of mothers overall could not 'fire' these devices correctly despite a one-to-one demonstration, identifying a need for more user friendly devices and training. Mothers found the Anapen(®) device significantly easier to use, which may have implications for future prescribing. Evaluation of the next generation of autoinjectors and their training packages needs to be performed as important practical differences may be found.
Pharmacokinetics and Tolerability of Daptomycin at Doses up to 12 Milligrams per Kilogram of Body Weight Once Daily in Healthy Volunteers

Daptomycin, a novel lipopeptide, is bactericidal against a broad range of gram-positive strains, including methicillin- (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Daptomycin is approved at 4 mg/kg of body weight given intravenously once daily for the treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections and at 6 mg/kg for the treatment of S. aureus bloodstream infections (bacteremia), including right-sided endocarditis caused by methicillin-susceptible S. aureus and MRSA. The present study was designed to evaluate the multiple-dose pharmacokinetics and safety of daptomycin at doses of 6 to 12 mg/kg in healthy volunteers. Three cohorts of 12 subjects each were given daptomycin (10 mg/kg) or placebo once daily for 14 days, daptomycin (12 mg/kg) or placebo once daily for 14 days, or daptomycin (6 or 8 mg/kg) once daily for 4 days. Daptomycin produced dose-proportional increases in the area under the plasma concentration-time curve and in trough daptomycin levels and nearly dose-proportional increases in peak daptomycin concentrations. Other pharmacokinetic parameters measured on day 1 and at steady state were independent of the dose, including the half-life (approximately 8 h), weight-normalized plasma clearance (9 to 10 ml/h/kg), and volume of distribution (approximately 100 ml/kg). Plasma protein binding was 90% to 93% and was independent of the daptomycin concentration. Daptomycin did not produce electrocardiographic abnormalities or electrophysiological evidence of muscle or nerve toxicity. Daptomycin was well tolerated in subjects dosed with up to 12 mg/kg intravenously for 14 days. Doses of daptomycin higher than 6 mg/kg once daily may be considered in further studies to evaluate the safety and efficacy of daptomycin in difficult-to-treat infections.
Molecular Origin of Endemic Leprosy in New York City

We report an indigenous case of leprosy in New York City in an immunocompetent patient who was infected with a Mycobacterium leprae genotype that is consistent with an exogenous origin. Physicians in the eastern United States should be alerted that, although most patients who develop leprosy in the United States are foreign born, native-born Americans are also susceptible to the infection.
Reliability of Physical Performance and Self-Reported Functional Measures in an Older Population

BACKGROUND: Functional assessments and direct measures of physical performance are standard components of community-based studies of older populations. Estimates of the reliability of these measures are necessary for the assessment of functional change. METHODS: The reproducibility of 13 measures of self-reported function and 11 direct measures of physical performance was assessed. A sample of subjects (N=199; > or =55 yrs) was selected from a larger population-based cohort. Subjects were tested in their homes twice, 48 hours apart, by the same interviewer to replicate study conditions. Age-adjusted kappa statistics were used to assess the reliability of measures of physical function; product moment correlation (Pearson r) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were used to assess direct measures of performance. A repeated measures model was used to assess learning or practice effects of performance, adjusted for age, sex, general health, and cognitive function. RESULTS: Age-adjusted kappa statistics were > or = .60 for most self-reported items. ICC ranged from .63 to .92. Significant improvements (practice effects) were found for the chair stand, walking speed, and the 360 degree turn. Measures of grip strength, reaching down, and hand dexterity were found to be reliable, with no significant test effect. CONCLUSION: Three commonly used measures (chair stand, walking speed, and 360 degree turn) may be less reliable than previously reported. Sample sizes that may be needed to detect change in these areas of performance may be larger than previously estimated given this level of imprecision. Future studies of reproducibility should assess both the level of agreement and the presence of possible practice effects. Language: en
Strong RNA Splicing Enhancers Identified by a Modified Method of Cycled Selection Interact with SR Protein

A modified method of cycled selection was used to characterize splicing enhancers for exon inclusion from a pool of beta-globin-based three exon/two intron pre-mRNAs with a variable number of random nucleotides incorporated in the internal exon. The pre-mRNAs generated by this method contained random sequences ranging from 0 to 18 nucleotides in length. This method was used to isolate particular splicing enhancer motifs from a previously enriched pool of extremely diverse enhancers. After four cycles of selection for mRNA containing the internal exon, a distinct enhancer motif (GACGAC...CAGCAG) was highly enriched. This motif served as strong splicing enhancers in a heterogeneous exon. We have shown here that the selected enhancer motif promotes exon inclusion through specific interaction with SRp30. We have also shown that although present in many of our selected splicing enhancers conforming to this motif, a typical purine-rich enhancer sequence is dispensable for either enhancer activity or binding with SRp30.
Outcome Of Patients (pts) With Low and Intermediate-1 Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) After Hypomethylating Agent (HMA) Failure

![Graphic][1] Background HMA are standard of care in pts with high-risk MDS and commonly used in pts with lower risk. Pts with high-risk disease post HMA failure have a poor prognosis with a median survival of 4-6 months. The prognosis of pts with low and intermediate-1 risk MDS by the International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) after HMA failure is not known. Aims To assess outcome of pts with low and intermediate-1 risk disease post HMA failure that might benefit from specific strategies or investigational agents. Methods Data from 423 pts with low (n= 141, 33%) and intermediate-1 risk disease (n=282, 67%) by IPSS score treated with HMA at MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC; n=144) and Moffitt Cancer Center (MCC; n=279) between 2000 and 2011 were analyzed. Results Median age was 69 years. 294 (69%) pts had a diploid cytogenetic analysis. 63 (15%) pts had therapy-related MDS. 282 (67%) pts received azacitidine, 87 (21%) decitabine, and 54 (12%) both. Median number of cycles of HMA administered was 6 (range, 1-64) for a median duration of therapy of 7 months (range, 1- 74). Best response to HMA was complete response (CR) in 39 (9%) pts, partial response (PR) in 13 (3%), a bone marrow CR in 6 (1%), and hematologic improvement (HI) in 90 (21%) pts. Pts had discontinued HMA because of primary resistance in 198 (47%) pts, loss of response in 141 pts (33%), intolerance in 13 pts (3%) and other reasons in 71 pts (17%). At the time of HMA failure, 81 (19%) pts transformed into acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Of the 302 remaining pts evaluable by IPSS, 67 (22%) pts were of low-risk, 158 (53%) of intermediate-1 risk, 48 (16%) of intermediate-2 risk, and 29 (9%) of high-risk disease. By the revised IPSS (R-IPSS), the percentage of pts with low, very low, intermediate, high, and very high risk disease were 11%, 29%, 30%, 20%, and 10%, respectively. By the MDACC global prognostic scoring system (MDGPSS) 18%, 35%, 29%, and 18%, of the pts were of low-risk, intermediate-1, intermediate-2, and high-risk disease, respectively. After a median follow-up of 16 months from HMA failure, 117 (28%) pts remained alive. The median overall survival (OS) was 15 months (95% CI: 12-18) with estimated 1- and 3-year OS rates of 55% and 27%, respectively. Both, the R-IPSS and the MDGPSS were predictive of survival post HMA failure ([Table 1][2]). View this table: Table 1 Survival from HMA failure by risk group Conclusion In the largest cohort of lower risk MDS pts treated with HMA, the outcome after HMA failure is poor. Treatment of those patients remains an unmet medical need. OS is a reasonable primary endpoint for clinical studies targeting this population. Disclosures: Lancet: Celgene: Research Funding. Sekeres: Celgene: Consultancy; Amgen: Consultancy. List: Celgene: Research Funding. Komrokji: Celgene: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [2]: #T1
Interviewing a Witness

Interviewing a witness employs sociological and psychological skills for a legal purpose. Unfortunately, the art of interviewing is not taught routinely in law school. But every trial lawyer knows that interpersonal relations with witnesses constitute the bedrock of virtually any lawsuit. While documents may be crucial in a particular matter, they are created by people and those people, in most cases, must be called to testify about the documents.Witnesses are interviewed to gain information, to determine whether they are friendly or hostile to a particular cause, and to see whether they should be called to testify. One must assess not only the substance of what the witness has to say, but also the demeanor. All potentially important witnesses should, therefore, be contacted by the lawyer first or, at least, immediately after it has been determined that the witness is important.
Energy-Efficient Computing Solutions for Internet of Things with ZigBee Reconfigurable Devices

Nowadays we are witnessing a trend with significantly increasing number of networked and computing-capable devices being integrated into everyday environment. This trend is expected to continue. With computing devices available as logic structures, they might use each other's processing capabilities to achieve a given goal. In this paper, the authors propose an architectural solution to perform the processing of tasks using a distributed structure of Internet of Things devices. They also include ZigBee devices that are not connected to the Internet, but participate with the processing swarm using local network. This significantly extends the flexibility and potential of the IoT structure, while being still not a well-researched area. Unlike many high-level realizations for IoT processing, the authors present a realization operating on the communications, computing and near protocol level that achieves energy consumption efficiency. They also include the reconfigurability of IoT devices. The authors' work is suitable to be the base for higher-level realizations, especially for systems with devices operating on battery power. At the same time, the architecture presented in this paper uses minimal centralization, moving maximum responsibilities to regular devices. The proposed realizations are described using linear programming models and their high efficiency is evaluated.
Chapter Five – Biomechanical Characterization of Native Pelvic Floor Organs and Tissues

The field of biomechanics strives to understand how biological materials behave from a mechanical perspective. While the mechanical characterization of metals, rubber, and other engineering materials has been standardized, the characterization of biological materials requires a number of additional considerations due to their unique composition and complex mechanical behaviors. The information presented in this chapter provides an overview of the biomechanical characterization of soft tissues with a specific focus on female pelvic organs and tissues. The composition, function, and mechanical environment of pelvic tissues are reviewed. Specific considerations for conducting structural and mechanical tests will be discussed, as these tests provide significant insight into the active and passive properties of tissues. Relevant studies will be summarized to provide context for testing protocols within the field of urogynecology, as well as providing a framework for future work.
Kinetics and Intermediates of the Reaction of Fully Reduced Escherichia coli bo3 Ubiquinol Oxidase with O2

Cytochrome bo3 ubiquinol oxidase from Escherichia coli catalyzes the reduction of O2 to water by ubiquinol. The reaction mechanism and the role of ubiquinol continue to be a subject of discussion. In this study, we report a detailed kinetic scheme of the reaction of cytochrome bo3 with O2 with steps specific to ubiquinol. The reaction was investigated using the CO flow-flash method, and time-resolved optical absorption difference spectra were collected from 1 μs to 20 ms after photolysis. Singular value decomposition-based global exponential fitting resolved five apparent lifetimes, 22 μs, 30 μs, 42 μs, 470 μs, and 2.0 ms. The reaction mechanism was derived by an algebraic kinetic analysis method using frequency-shifted spectra of known bovine states to identify the bo3 intermediates. It shows 42 μs O2 binding (3.8 × 107 M–1 s–1), producing compound A, followed by faster (22 μs) heme b oxidation, yielding a mixture of PR and F, and rapid heme b rereduction by ubiquinol (30 μs), producing the F intermediat...
Characterization of a Fluorescent Lipid Fraction From Cancer-bearing Animals.∗

ConclusionsWhile the blue-fluorescing material first isolated by Penn from human livers has not been identified, several differences between it and methylcholanthrene have been demonstrated. The material occurs in the tissues of both normal and cancer-bearing animals, and its relationship to carcinogenesis is doubtful.
Persistence of Nosema pyrausta and Vairimorpha necatrix Measured by Microsporidiosis in the European Corn Borer

Aqueous suspension of spores of Nosema pyrausta (Paillot) were applied to com foliage with and without Shade during the whorl and pollen-shedding stages of plant development. Larvae of Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubner) were placed on the plants at certain times after application of the microsporidium. Shade did not affect the persistence of N. pyrausta as detennined by the prevalence of a microsporidiosis in the European com borer. Evidently, the structure of the corn plant protects N. pyrausta spores from the detrimental effects of ultraviolet radiation. Aqueous suspensions of spores of N. pyrausta and Vairimorpha necatrix (Kramer) were applied separately to corn foliage in both the whorl and pollen-shedding stages of plant development. European com borer larvae exposed to N. pyrausta had an equal or greater prevalence of microsporidiosis than those exposed to V. necatrix during both stages of plant development. During the whorl stage of plant development, insects exposed to V. necatrix had a greater intensily of microsporidiosis, measured as spores per mg of infecled tissue. During the pollen-shedding stage of plant development, there were no differences in intensity between microsporidia. Both microsporidia caused an infection in corn borer larvae 12 days after applicalion.
Absolute Reduced α Widths in the Lead Region

Elastic and total reaction cross sections for the system ..cap alpha..+/sup 208/Pb, /sup 209/Bi are analyzed to obtain a limited set of potentials which are, in turn, used to calculate absolute ..cap alpha.. widths. Existing shell-model calculations give ..gamma../sub alpha//sup 2/ values three orders of magnitude smaller: and it is now most unlikely that this discrepancy is due to an uncertainty in the ..cap alpha..-nucleus potential. (AIP)
Modelling for precision nutrition

Abstract This paper discusses the theories behind (and economic implication of) least-cost and maximum-profit feed formulation models. The importance of properly representing biological phenomena in economic models in precisely determining nutrient levels is discussed in the context of maximizing profits for broiler-producing enterprises.
Work-Related Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Job Factors Among Large-Herd Dairy Milkers

ABSTRACTDairy production in the United States is moving towards large-herd milking operations, resulting in an increase in task specialization and work demands. The objective of this project was to provide preliminary evidence of the association of a number of specific job conditions that commonly characterize large-herd parlor milking operations with work-related musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS). A modified version of the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire was administered to assess MSS prevalence among 450 US large-herd parlor workers. Worker demographics and MSS prevalences were generated. Prevalence ratios were also generated to determine associations of a number of specific job conditions that commonly characterize large-herd parlor milking operations with work-related MSS. Work-related MSS are prevalent among large-herd parlor workers, since nearly 80% report 12-month prevalences of one or more symptoms, which are primarily located in the upper extremities, specifically shoulders and wrist/hand. Specif...
Speciation Analysis of Cadmium,Copper and Zinc in Indian Mustard(Brassica Juncea) by Size Exclusion-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry

A method based on the coupling of size-exclusion HPLC with ICP-MS was used for speciation analysis of Cd,Cu and Zn binding non-protein thiols in extracts of Indian mustard(Brassica Juncea).In the presence of Cd,Cu and Zn stress,phytochelatins(PCs) were induced and metal ions in extracts were associated with the induced PCs.Four different species of(PC)3-Cd(Cu,Zn),(PC)2-Cd(Cu,Zn),GSH-Cd(Cu,Zn),Cys-Cd(Cu,Zn) were detected in stems and roots,and their distribution patterns within plants was studied.The results indicated that there was a competition on the combination of Cd,Cu,Zn with GSH and Cys.A non-oxidizing(nitrogen) sample preparation environment and-70 ℃ preservation condition were employed to avoid the oxidation of sulfhydryl groups.This research may be useful for understanding transportation of heavy metals in hyperaccumulator.
Generalized Market Segments for Frequently Purchased Consumer Goods

The purpose of this study was to investigate the existence of generalized, or non-product-specific, market segments using general Life Style measures. Demographically similar segments were derived which indicated quite different life styles. These segments demonstrated no overt differences in product usage; but they did use different criteria for product evaluation, indicating the potential for product positioning.
Prevention of Atherosclerosis: A Pediatric Problem

If intervention to modify coronary risk factors is put off till adulthood, it may well prove ineffective; pathologic studies have shown that by the third decade many Americans already have advanced lesions in the aorta and the coronary arteries. But can children at high risk be identified or must universal modification of way of life be undertaken? A long-term study aimed at answering this question is now under way.
Parent Involvement in Young Adults’ Intercollegiate Athletic Careers: Developmental Considerations and Applied Recommendations

Student-athletes have to balance their sport, academic, and social lives during the transition to college and parent involvement is an integral, but potentially problematic, aspect of this transition. The present study investigated how key parent involvement factors may be associated with positive developmental outcomes in NCAA Division I student-athletes. Student-athlete participants (N = 514) were 46% male, ranged in age from 18 to 25 years (M = 19.76, SD = 1.43), and were recruited from athletic departments at two NCAA Division I member-institutions. Participants completed online surveys with items assessing their perceptions of parent involvement (support from parents, contact with parents, academic engagement, athletic engagement) and student-athlete development (academic self-efficacy, athletic satisfaction, well-being, individuation). After controlling for individual and family demographic factors, parent academic and athletic engagement positively predicted student-athlete academic self-efficacy a...
Fundamentals of Data Center Airflow Management

Airflow management is probably the most important aspect of data center thermal management. It is an intricate and challenging process, influenced by many factors. This chapter presents some of the fundamental concepts governing airflows in today’s data centers. As such, it provides a foundation necessary for understanding the remaining topics discussed in the book. The chapter begins by introducing the concept of system pressure drop and its influence on the computer room air conditioning (CRAC) unit performance. Various factors contributing to the overall pressure drop, such as plenum design, perforated tile open area, and aisle layouts, are described. Some of the key aspects of room and rack airflows are also discussed. The second part of the chapter highlights the importance of temperature and humidity control in data centers. The basic concepts of psychrometrics are introduced. Specific examples on data center cooling processes, such as sensible cooling, humidification/dehumidification and evaporative cooling are illustrated with the help of the psychrometric chart. The concept of airside and waterside economizers for data center cooling are introduced. The third and final part of the chapter describes an ensemble COP model, for assessing the overall thermal efficiency and performance of the data center.
234. Hydrodynamic Cell Delivery for Assessment of Tumor Growth and Drug Sensitivity in Different Organs and Microenvironment

Tumor metastasis often confers poor prognosis for cancer patients because successful treatment of metastatic tumors remains as an unmet need in clinic. Currently used subcutaneous and orthotopic models have failed to truly recapitulate metastatic tumor biology, particularly tumor-stroma interactions within tumor microenvironment in different organs. This certainly accounts for insufficient therapeutic outcomes of current antimetastatic therapies that were designed assuming metastatic tumors behave the same in all organs. Therefore, relevant tumor models are urgently needed for reliable anticancer drug screening and development, and assessment of tumor-environment interactions in different metastatic sites. Toward this end, we have developed a multi-organ tumor growth model using hydrodynamic cell delivery method to establish simultaneous growth in liver, lung and kidney in mice by hydrodynamic tail vein injection of cell suspension. We hypothesized that tumors growing in different organs are biologically heterogeneous in growth characters, as well as in tumor response to a given anti-cancer therapy. Using luciferase-expressing murine melanoma cells that can be quantified by luciferase assay, our results showed that the liver is the primary organ to be seeded with tumor cells upon hydrodynamic injection, with 35% of tumor cells in liver, 21% in the lungs, and 8% in kidneys. Growth rate assessment revealed that liver microenvironment was the most supportive to melanoma tumor growth compared to lungs and kidneys; where tumors grew minimally at early phase, and aggressively thereafter. Tumors in different organs were also heterogeneous in tumor response to chemotherapy and immune gene therapy using dacarbazine and interferon beta gene, respectively. While lung tumors responded to chemotherapy better than tumors in liver, lung tumors showed minimal response to interferon beta, with around 25% tumor suppression in lung, compared to more than 80% in liver and kidneys. On the other hand, tumors in liver showed superior response to interferon beta compared to dacarbazine (81% vs 45% suppression). Differential behavior of metastatic tumors was also confirmed using metastatic colon cancer model established in different organs. These results point out the increasing need for better understanding of differences in tumor microenvironment in different organs, as it greatly determines therapeutic outcomes of antimetastatic therapies. Moreover, the biological heterogeneity of metastatic tumors necessitates precluding of “one size fits all” therapies, and rethinking of organ-specific therapies and combined treatments to act globally on metastatic tumors in different organs.
Spinal Cord Infarction Following Central Line Insertion

This is a condition of spinal cord infarction resulting in tetraplegia after central line insertion in acute dialysis patient.
3D printing and disaster shelter costs

Natural disasters cause significant disruption to the lives of those affected by them. One of the major effects of natural disasters is the loss of housing. Additive manufacturing is a relatively new manufacturing technology that has advantages over traditional manufacturing. For example, AM facilitates rapid prototyping and offers cost advantages for lower volume production. In this paper, the potential of additive manufacturing for providing shelters after a natural disaster is evaluated. The costs of providing shelters to victims of natural disasters is compared with traditional shelter options. It is found that the cost of 3D printed structures falls within the range of traditional shelter options. With continuing improvements in additive manufacturing technology as well as in terms of materials used, additive manufacturing may become an increasingly competitive option for disaster housing.
A New Political Generation: Millennials and the Post-2008 Wave of Protest:

Building on Karl Mannheim’s theory of generations, this address argues that U.S. Millennials comprise a new political generation with lived experiences and worldviews that set them apart from their...
Transport through a Majorana Island in the Strong Tunneling Regime.

In the presence of Rashba spin-orbit coupling, a magnetic field can drive a proximitized nanowire into a topological superconducting phase [R. M. Lutchyn, J. D. Sau, and S. Das Sarma, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 077001 (2010).PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.105.077001 and Y. Oreg, G. Refael, and F. von Oppen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 177002 (2010).PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.105.177002]. We study the transport properties of such nanowires in the Coulomb blockade regime. The associated with topological superconductivity Majorana modes significantly modify transport and lead to single-electron coherent transmission through the nanowire-a nonlocal signature of topological superconductivity. In this Letter, we focus on the case of strong hybridization of the Majorana modes with normal leads. The induced by hybridization broadening of the Majorana zero-energy states competes with the charging energy, leading to a considerable modification of the Coulomb blockade in a nanowire contacted by two normal leads. We evaluate the two-terminal conductance as a function of the gate voltage, junctions transmission coefficients, and the geometric capacitance of and the induced superconducting gap in the nanowire.
The Russian Federation and the West: The Problem of International Order

In Chapter 7, titled ‘The Russian Federation and the United States: The Problem of International Order’, Aleksandar Jankovski alerts to the fact that the confrontation continues to be tempered by an awareness among the protagonists that they have ‘responsibility’ for ensuring that their divisions do not challenge the very existence of the international system and of humankind itself. Basing his argument on insights drawn from the English School, he demonstrates that ‘for all the irritants, the relations between the two great powers have continued to be remarkably orderly and constitutive of international society’. They recognize their indispensable role in collaborating in the workings of the common good of international society.
A PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF THE MANAGING YOUTH TRAUMA EFFECTIVELY PROGRAM FOR SUBSTANCE-ABUSING WOMEN AND THEIR CHILDREN

This article provides a description of the development, implementation, and preliminary evaluation of feasibility and acceptability of the Managing Youth Trauma Effectively (MYTE) program and highlights perceptions of changes in mothers' trauma-informed parenting practices. The program consists of a training and consultation program for staff of the U.S. State of Arkansas' Specialized Women's Programs (SWS), and an 8-week, group psychoeducational program designed to help mothers with substance-abuse problems learn how traumatic experiences may affect their children and how they may help support their children by creating a safe and nurturing environment. A posttraining evaluation with leadership and staff at SWS centers, feedback provided on consultation calls with MYTE facilitators, and a retrospective pre/post survey were used to examine feasibility, acceptability, and perceptions of changes in mothers' trauma-informed parenting practices. Preliminary results suggest that the MYTE program is feasible to implement and is acceptable to training participants, facilitators, and mothers participating in the program. Mothers reported significant growth in their perceptions of use of trauma-informed parenting practices. Future research is necessary to confirm these results and examine the effectiveness of the program using a randomized clinical trial.
Properties of Polygonal Regions.

-C lementary school science activities often involve determining the properties of a collection of objects gathered by the children or suggested by the teacher. This article uses this child-centered activity to discover various properties of some polygonal regions. A polygon is a simple closed plane figure consisting of the union of three or more line segments (see fig. 1). The union of a polygon and the portion of the plane enclosed is called a polygonal region (see fig. 2 ) . It is more convenient to work with cutout polygonal regions in this discovery activity rather than actual polygons; however, the properties of polygons are also properties of polygonal regions.
Caring for transgender patients with epilepsy.

SummaryObjective Approximately 25 million individuals older than age 15 identify as transgender, representing about 0.3–0.9% of the world's population. The aim of this paper is to identify and describe important medical and social considerations facing transgender persons with epilepsy. Methods We performed literature searches on the following terms: transgender AND epilepsy, transgender AND neurology, gender dysphoria AND epilepsy, gender dysphoria AND neurology. We also performed literature searches for common feminizing or masculinizing treatment regimens, and searched for interactions of those treatment regimens with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and with seizures. Results There are multiple bidirectional interactions between AEDs and the commonly used treatments for aligning external sex characteristics with identified gender. The scope of the transgender population with epilepsy remains to be elucidated. Significance Transgender patients with epilepsy face significant social and medical challenges. Interactions between medical gender-affirming treatments and AEDs are common, and management must depend on knowledge of these interactions to provide appropriate treatment.
Kelvin, Yanai, Rossby and Gravity Waves

The Hough-Hermite functions are the normal modes of the shallow water equations. Each eigenfunction is a vector with different latitudinal and vertical structure functions for the three fields \((u, v, \phi )\). Geophysicists commonly classify the normal modes into different species: Kelvin wave, Rossby waves, gravity waves and the Yanai wave, also known as the mixed Rossby-gravity mode. In this chapter, we catalogue the properties of these normal modes. The latitudinal structure functions are given explicitly as Hermite functions. Derived fields such as the vorticity are also cataloged. The eigenvalues are the frequencies, which are analyzed both through explicit approximations and a plethora of graphs. Hough functions also appear when Lamb’s parameter \(\varepsilon \) is the eigenvalue and the frequency is a parameter as in tidal theory, and also when the zonal wavenumber k is the eigenvalue as needed for tides in a land-bounded basin and certain applications in meteorology.
The Rural Dimensions of a Southern Criminology: Selected Topics and General Processes

This chapter emphasizes the importance of considering the rural dimensions of a Southern criminology by discussing four key substantive issues: domestic violence, collective violence, trafficking and the inadequacies of current criminological theories of place. These topics demonstrate how rural criminology advances a Southern criminology by testing the generalizability or related shortcomings of Westernized theories of crime, of understanding the importance of localized context, of linking rural crime to forces of globalization and of developing a new theory of crime and place that can account for the diversity of community contexts in all regions of the world.
PREDICTORS AND OUTCOMES ASSOCIATED WITH POST-OPERATIVE PERICARDIAL TAMPONADE IN TYPE A ACUTE AORTIC DISSECTION PATIENTS

Pericardial tamponade (PT) is a dangerous complication of surgeries requiring dissection of the pericardium, including Acute Type A Aortic Dissection (TAAAD) repair. However, there are few studies on the predictors and/or outcomes associated with PT development post-surgery for TAAAD. We evaluated
A rare case of avascular necrosis in sickle cell trait: a case report

Sickle cell trait is usually an asymptomatic presentation of a patient with slightly different hemoglobin molecule makeup than normal. It is similar to a more serious disease, sickle cell disease, in which a person’s hemoglobin is mutated in such a way that causes their red blood cells to easily change shape in certain environmental and internal states; this causes red blood cells to adhere to the walls and occlude the lumen of the arteries in which they travel, leading to downstream effects secondary to ischemia. Sickle cell trait does not have these ischemic effects, usually. In this case, a young African American female patient presents to the clinic with severe right hip pain. Her past medical history includes sickle cell trait and asthma. She has not been symptomatic of her asthma for years and is not on therapy for it. The pain has lasted for several months and has not improved with anti-inflammatory medication. There is severe pain with internal and external rotation of the hip. The neurovascularity of the lower extremities is intact bilaterally. MRI of the femur shows stage 2 or 3 avascular necrosis of the femoral head, while X-rays of the femur are unremarkable. Non weight-bearing for several weeks was unsuccessful; shortly thereafter, the patient underwent core decompression of the right femoral head as well as starting bisphosphonates. The patient improved temporarily but regressed shortly thereafter. Her avascular necrosis worsened radiographically over the next several months. At this point, the only other option would be to do a total hip arthroplasty, but the patient may need several more throughout her lifetime due to the lifespan of the artificial replacement. There have only been scarce reports of avascular necrosis in patients with sickle cell trait. This manuscript presents such a case and includes the trials and tribulations associated with its management.
Computational complexity of goals

In the basic universal setting developed in Chapter 2, we restricted our attention to the class of probabilistic polynomial time bounded agents. This was a natural choice, given our usual association of polynomial time algorithms with the notion of “efficient computation” in accordance with the strong version of the Church-Turing thesis proposed by Cobham (1965) and Edmonds (1965). It turns out that our main theorems for goals in finite executions hold for many classes of agents other than the class of polynomial time bounded agents, and so in the present chapter, derived from an early technical report (Juba and Sudan, 2008), we seek their proper generalizations.
2,′5′-OLIGO(A): A MEDIATOR OF VIRAL RNA CLEAVAGE IN INTERFERON-TREATED CELLS?

The replicative complex (RC) of encephalomyocarditis virus has been isolated from infected HeLa cells by isopycnic centrifugation. The RC prepared in this way promotes the synthesis of 2′5′ oligo(A) in extracts of interferon-treated HeLa cells. The 2′5′ oligo(A) synthesized activates an endonuclease which degrades mRNA. These results are discussed with reference to the proposed localization of the 2′5′oligo(A) polymerase/endonuclease system on the RC formed in interferon-treated cells.
The rules of guidance in visual search

It is impossible to identify all objects in the visual world at the same time. Accordingly, we must direct attention to specific objects in order to fully recognize them. The deployment of attention is far from random. Attention is guided toward likely targets by a limited set of stimulus attributes such as color and size ("classic guidance"). Attention is also guided by a number of scene-based properties. Thus, if we were looking for sheep, we would expect them on surfaces that could support sheep, not in mid-air. We use information about the 3D layout of a space to determine which objects could plausibly be sheep-sized in that space. This paper briefly reviews the diverse set of guiding properties and the rules that govern their use.
Characterizing a perfusion-based periventricular small vessel region of interest

Abstract The periventricular white matter (PVWM) is supplied by terminal distributions of small vessels and is particularly susceptible to developing white matter lesions (WML) associated with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). We obtained group-averaged cerebral blood flow (CBF) maps from Arterial Spin Labeled (ASL) perfusion MRI data obtained in 436 middle-aged (50.4 ± 3.5 years) subjects in the NHLBI CARDIA study and in 61 elderly (73.3 ± 6.9 years) cognitively normal subjects recruited from the Penn Alzheimer's Disease Center (ADC) and found that the lowest perfused brain voxels are located within the PVWM. We constructed a white matter periventricular small vessel (PSV) region of interest (ROI) by empirically thresholding the group averaged CARDIA CBF map at CBF
Sorting topological stabilizer models in three dimensions

The $S$-matrix invariant is known to be complete for translation invariant topological stabilizer models in two spatial dimensions, as such models are phase equivalent to some number of copies of toric code. In three dimensions, much less is understood about translation invariant topological stabilizer models due to the existence of fracton topological order. Here we introduce bulk commutation quantities inspired by the 2D $S$-matrix invariant that can be employed to coarsely sort 3D topological stabilizer models into qualitatively distinct types of phases: topological quantum field theories, foliated or fractal type-I models with rigid string operators, or type-II models with no string operators.
From classroom lessons to exploratory learning progressions: mathematics + computational thinking

This paper presents findings from a two-year qualitative study examining integration of computer science (CS) and computational thinking (CT) into elementary mathematics instruction. Integrated uni...
MWCNTs/NiS2 decorated Ni foam based electrode for high-performance supercapacitors

Abstract We report here a novel ex-situ synthesis of MWCNTs/NiS2 nanocomposite on nickel foam as electrode material for supercapacitor applications. Nickel disulfide (NiS2) nanoparticles were synthesized using a one-step solid-state method followed by the preparation of MWCNTs/NiS2 nanocomposite using the ultra-sonication technique. The structural characterization was carried out using X-Ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. The capacitive properties were studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) method in 2 M KOH solution. The MWCNTs/NiS2 electrode with a 20% weight fraction of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) showed the best electrochemical properties having a maximum specific capacitance of 2054.28Fg-1 at a 2Ag-1 current density and excellent cyclic stability. The electrode retained 99.99% specific capacitance even after 10,000 cycles. The enhanced electrochemical properties of the NiS2 electrode can be attributed to fast diffusion paths provided by CNTs and enhanced redox reactions of NiS2 nanoparticles due to high surface area, decreasing the overall resistance of electrode which is in agreement with the data obtained by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
Late Gamma Rays from Neutron-Induced Fission and Capture from 235 U

An experiment on 235U was performed with a white-spectrum neutron beam at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. Gamma rays from the (n, γ) and (n, f) reactions were measured with the DANCE array. We present spectra of γ rays emitted shortly after any of the reactions occurs. A novel method for background estimation was applied. The spectrum of the late fission γ rays is compared with CGMF predictions.
The Comma Sign: The Coracohumeral Ligament and Superior Glenohumeral Ligament Exhibit Similar Quantitative Characteristics With Terminal Confluence at the Subscapularis Insertion.

Purpose The purpose of this morphologic cadaveric study was to quantitatively define the composition of the previously described comma tissue along with its relation to the subscapularis tendon insertion. Methods Fresh frozen cadaveric shoulder specimens were included for analysis. The coracohumeral ligament (CHL) was exposed at its origin along the base of the coracoid process and freed laterally along its course to the lesser tuberosity adjacent to the bicipital groove. The superior glenohumeral ligament (SGHL) was identified and traced along its course deep to the CHL within the rotator interval with insertion onto the superior aspect of the lesser tuberosity. The midpoint diameters of the SGHL and CHL and their composite insertional diameters on the subscapularis tendon insertion and lesser tuberosity were measured with digital calipers. The mean diameter was determined from 3 measurements taken of each ligament. Results Eight specimens were included. With the use of digital calipers, the mean midpoint diameters of the SGHL and CHL were identified as 5.99 mm (range, 5.25-6.91 mm) and 5.13 mm (range, 4.28-5.72 mm), respectively. The composite insertional diameter of the SGHL and CHL on both the lesser tuberosity and humeral insertion of the subscapularis tendon was 9.93 mm (range, 6.69-12.05 mm). At its insertion, the SGHL and CHL comprised 54% and 46% of the comma tissue, respectively. Additionally, all specimens were identified as showing a confluence of the SGHL and CHL composite insertion with the subscapularis tendon at the point of its humeral head insertion. Conclusions The comma tissue is a pivotal structure for the identification, mobilization, and repair of retracted subscapularis tendon tears. Therefore, quantitative knowledge of the midpoint diameter, insertional diameter, and composite distribution of the CHL and SGHL provided by this morphologic cadaveric analysis may aid surgeons in their efforts to restore the native anatomy. Clinical Relevance Subscapularis tendon tears have often been under-addressed during rotator cuff repair. The comma tissue has been described as an anatomic structure that can aid in the identification, mobilization, and repair of retracted subscapularis tendon tears. Therefore, quantitative knowledge of this important arthroscopic landmark may aid surgeons in their efforts to restore the native anatomy.
motif2vec: Semantic-aware Representation Learning for Wearables' Time Series Data

The proliferation of wearable sensors allows for the continuous collection of temporal characterization of an individual's physical activity and physiological data. This is enabling an unprecedented opportunity to delve into a deeper analysis of the underlying patterns of such temporal data and to infer attributes associated with health, behaviors, and well-being. However, there remain several challenges to fully discover both structural and temporal patterns (motifs) in these data streams and to leverage the semantic relationship among these motifs. These include: i) the temporal data of variable length and high resolution leads to the motifs of various sizes; ii) periodic occurrences and hierarchical overlaps of these motifs further challenge the modeling of their complex structural and semantic relations. We propose a semantic-aware unsupervised representation learning model, motif2vec, to learn the latent representation of time series data collected from wearable sensors. The motif2vec consists of three major components: 1) transforming the time series into a set of variable-length motif sequences; 2) formalizing random walks to construct the neighborhood of motifs and thus to extract structural and semantic relationship among motifs; 3) learning time series latent features to capture the motif neighborhood structure with a skip-gram model. Experiments on two real-world datasets, derived from two different wearables and population groups, show motif2vec outperforms six state-of-the-art benchmarks on various tasks.
An interconnect insensitive linear time-varying driver model for static timing analysis

This paper presents a two-step, RC-interconnect insensitive linear time-varying (LTV) driver model for gate-level timing calculation. We show how to characterize a driver with the LTV model and how to apply that model in static timing analysis. With the LTV model, the delay error caused by the driver's nonlinearity is reduced significantly because the driver's linear - and saturation-region operations are characterized individually. Because both the linear- and saturation-region models are insensitive to interconnect loads, it is sufficient to use a small number of LTV models for a wide range of possible interconnect loads. Due to the same reason, the LTV model is robust, does not require iterations, and makes timing analysis fast. This method is fast and accurate compared to existing effective capacitance-based methods. Results compared with SPICE simulation demonstrate average 2.5% delay error and 4.4% slew error.