cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5573: Discovery of potent oridonin derivatives for the treatment of breast cancer.

Oridonin, a diterpenoid derived from the herbal Rabdosia rubescens, has been reported to have antitumor effects on various types of cancer cells. However, its relatively low aqueous solubility and bioavailability have limited its development into clinical applications. Herein, we chemically modified oridonin and generated a series of novel analogues. We then employed MTT assay to detect their effects on cell growth and a number of new and potent molecules have been identified. Among them, compounds CYD-6-86 and CYD-6-92 significantly inhibited the proliferation of human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, both compounds induced enhanced apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent fashion when compared with oridonin. Cell cycle analysis indicated that both CYD-6-86 and CYD-6-92 induced S phase arrest in MDA-MB-231 cells and G0/G1 phase arrest in MCF-7 cells, while oridonin induced G2/M phase arrest in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. Consistent with oridonin, Western blot analysis showed that CYD-6-86 and CYD-6-92 inhibited the expression of NF-κB and Bcl-2, and increased expression of Bax and cleaved PARP. Intriguingly, compounds CYD-6-86 and CYD-6-92 have demonstrated to suppress the growth of adriamycin-resistant MCF-7 clone, while at the same dosage oridonin displayed no effect on these cells. Our findings suggest that these new analogues may be superior to the natural product oridonin to overcome the chemo-resistance, and have great potential to be developed as novel therapeutics for the treatment of breast cancer. Citation Format: Yusong Zhang, Chunyong Ding, Zhengduo Yang, Haijun Chen, Lili Chu, Jia Zhou, Qiang Shen. Discovery of potent oridonin derivatives for the treatment of breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5573. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5573
Methyl Bromide: Effect of Multiple Fumigation on Residues in Flour

Pallet-size plywood containers holding forty-eight 50-lb bags of flour were fumigated with methyl bromide. These fumigations at 15.6, 21.1, and 26.7°C were repeated until the 125-ppm tolerance for inorganic bromide on the flour was reached or exceeded. The inorganic bromide residues increased with an increase in fumigation temperature even though the methyl bromide dosage was decreased. About 3, 4, and 5 methyl bromide fumigations of flour can be made at 26.7, 21.1, and 15.6°C, respectively, without exceeding residue tolerances.
Tropospheric Photochemistry and its Response to UV Changes

The photochemistry of the troposphere is highly non-linear, and may be changing due to emissions of gases related to human activities. Increases in tropospheric ultraviolet (UV) radiation, due to stratospheric ozone depletion, may also perturb the troposphere.
Artistic Imperatives: Merging Theater and Film

This paper examines a series of collaborations that sought new ways to ask (and answer) the following questions: How can we create an alternative perspective on new media within the context of living performance, through cutting edge technologies? How can we actively engage post-modern performance theory in relation to compositional concerns for the stage, creating innovative uses of time, space, and imagination, and introducing new frameworks for critical analysis? Combining theater and film allows us to capture and manipulate new forms of acting and playwriting, and new directorial approaches to visual layering. We openly acknowledge our view that the current American theater has great difficulty understanding the role of its own avant-garde: that to grow and thrive, the medium must keep searching for a truly viable cutting edge. These works represent that edge, coming together during performances that operate on several visual and audial levels. The work strives to keep step with the developing academic and artistic field of new digital technologies.
Delusional parasitosis on the psychiatric consultation service – a longitudinal perspective: case study

Background Delusional parasitosis is infrequently seen in hospital-based consultation–liaison psychiatry. Aims Although there are many publications on delusional parasitosis, this report reviews a unique case that was diagnosed during a hospital admission and treated over the next 36 months. Method Case report and literature review. Results This case report describes a 65-year-old man who was diagnosed with delusional parasitosis during a hospital admission for congestive heart failure and acute kidney injury. A longitudinal description of the patient’s condition during the hospital stay and in the 36 months following discharge, during which time he was treated by a consultation psychiatrist, is provided. Conclusions In discussing the treatment of a challenging presentation, this case demonstrates the opportunity for consultation psychiatrists to initiate care in patients who might not otherwise seek psychiatric services. Patients with somatic delusions represent one group of patients who are unlikely to independently seek psychiatric treatment. Declaration of interest None. Copyright and usage © The Royal College of Psychiatrists 2017. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) license.
Google Earth Engine: Planetary-scale geospatial analysis for everyone

Abstract Google Earth Engine is a cloud-based platform for planetary-scale geospatial analysis that brings Google's massive computational capabilities to bear on a variety of high-impact societal issues including deforestation, drought, disaster, disease, food security, water management, climate monitoring and environmental protection. It is unique in the field as an integrated platform designed to empower not only traditional remote sensing scientists, but also a much wider audience that lacks the technical capacity needed to utilize traditional supercomputers or large-scale commodity cloud computing resources.
The Role for Palliative Surgical Interventions in Pancreatic Cancer

Pancreatic cancer is fraught with complications that drastically affect the quality of life of patients suffering from this devastating disease. Many patients present with biliary obstruction, gastric outlet obstruction, and malignant bowel obstruction secondary to tumor burden and local invasion. While surgery has been utilized liberally to treat these conditions, more recent evidence emphasizing palliation, decreased hospital length of stay, and patient comfort suggests that less invasive interventions such as endoscopic stenting and palliative drainage tubes may serve as a better option for symptom relief. Stenting of the biliary tree or duodenum for biliary obstruction and gastric outlet obstruction, respectively, has been shown to quickly relieve symptoms without significant complications or comorbidities. Likewise, palliative percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tubes have also proven useful in improving nausea and vomiting in the setting of malignant bowel obstruction. Although some promising developments for treatment of locally advanced disease in the form of irreversible electroporation (IRE) have been proposed, these interventions are still in their early stages of investigation and clinical application. While some may advocate for more aggressive approaches such as liver resection in select patients with liver metastases, or cytoreduction with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) to treat peritoneal disease, consideration for quality of life in patients whose survival is estimated in weeks to months may ultimately favor a “less-is-more” approach.
Breaking Bad News: An Evidence-Based Review of Communication Models for Oncology Nurses

BACKGROUND:A diagnosis of cancer is a stressful, difficult, and life-altering event. Breaking bad news is distressing to patients and families and is often uncomfortable for the nurse delivering it. Evidence-based communication models have been developed and adapted for use in clinical practice to a
New York City's Stop-and-Frisk Appeals Are Still Alive

This essay challenges the assumption that the decision that the NYPD’s stop-and-frisk practices are unconstitutional will stand. Mayor-elect Bill De Blasio, who takes office on January 1, 2014, has signaled that he will direct the City attorneys charged with appealing and overturning Judge Scheindlin’s orders to go no further. But the City’s cause is not hopeless. A basic argument weighs in its favor: the stop-and-frisk plaintiffs may lack standing to request the vast relief the court ordered. Moreover, a standing challenge is never waived. The most obvious problem with the district court’s findings that the Ligon and Floyd plaintiffs have standing involves its application of City of Los Angeles v. Lyons. Whereas most federal courts “simply follow the rule announced in Lyons to deny standing,” Floyd and Ligon seem to deliberately ignore it. Yet the outcome — granting standing to civil rights plaintiffs challenging unconstitutional police action — is not indefensible. This is especially true in light of the myriad problems the Lyons opinion presents. But because Lyons is still good law, the way to overcome it is not to pretend it isn’t there. District court opinions that seek to make fundamental changes to the law of standing cannot rest on analyses that disregard binding precedent, especially when the rights at stake are so crucial.
Quality of life in thyroid cancer-assessment of physician perceptions.

Abstract Background Thyroid cancer is the fastest growing malignancy in the United States. Previous studies have shown a decrease in quality of life (QoL) after the treatment of thyroid cancer. To date, there have been no studies assessing physician perceptions regarding how a diagnosis of thyroid cancer affects QoL. Based on this and other findings from our study, we aim to assess physician perceptions on the effect of thyroid cancer on QoL. Materials and methods Physicians were recruited from two national organizations comprised physicians focusing on thyroid cancer. A 37-question survey was administered evaluating physician's perceptions of thyroid cancer patient satisfaction in various aspects of treatment, complications, and overall effects on QoL. QoL responses were categorized into overall QoL, physical, psychological, social, and spiritual well-being. Results One hundred five physicians completed the survey. Physician's estimates of patient's overall QoL after thyroid cancer treatment was similar to overall QoL reported by patients. However, medical physicians overestimated the decrease in thyroid cancer survivor's QoL in several subcategories including physical, psychological, and social (P Conclusions Physicians have a varied estimation of the detrimental impact of thyroid cancer treatment on QoL. In addition, physicians underestimated the amount of physical symptoms associated with thyroid cancer treatments. Increased physician awareness of the detrimental effects of a thyroid cancer diagnosis on QoL should allow for a more accurate conversation about expected outcomes after thyroid cancer treatment.
Phase competition in a one-dimensional three-orbital Hubbard-Holstein model

We study the interplay between the electron-phonon $(e$-ph) and on-site electron-electron (e-e) interactions in a three-orbital Hubbard-Holstein model on an extended one-dimensional lattice using determinant quantum Monte Carlo. For weak e-e and $e$-ph interactions, we observe a competition between an orbital-selective Mott phase (OSMP) and a (multicomponent) charge-density-wave (CDW) insulating phase, with an intermediate metallic phase located between them. For large e-e and $e$-ph couplings, the OSMP and CDW phases persist, while the metallic phase develops short-range orbital correlations and becomes insulating when both the e-e and $e$-ph interactions are large but comparable. Many of our conclusions are in line with those drawn from a prior dynamical mean-field theory study of the two-orbital Hubbard-Holstein model [Phys. Rev. B 95, 121112(R) (2017)] in infinite dimension, suggesting that the competition between the $e$-ph and e-e interactions in multiorbital Hubbard-Holstein models leads to rich physics, regardless of the dimension of the system.
Body weight perception, disordered weight control behaviors, and depressive symptoms among Korean adults: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014.

Background/ Purpose Despite emerging evidence suggesting harmful influences of accurate weight perception on psychological health among individuals with obesity, little is known about the association in Asian populations. The aim of this study was investigate the association between body weight perception and depressive symptoms among Korean adults, and potential differential associations across gender. Methods We used data from the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2014, comprising 3,318 female (n = 1,876) and male (n = 1,442) participants, aged 19–65 years, with no history of depression and a body-mass index (BMI)> = 18.5kg/m2. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Korean version. Weight perception patterns were categorized by comparing self-perceived and objectively measured weight status. Gender-stratified four-level multilevel linear models adjusted for age, BMI, menopause, education, income, marital status, urbanicity, chronic conditions, exercise, smoking, and alcohol use. Subgroup analyses were performed across BMI category. Results Among women with obesity, those who underperceived their weight status reported fewer depressive symptoms compared to those who accurately perceived their weight status (β = -1.25, p<0.05). Among women with normal weight, those who overperceived their weight status reported more depressive symptoms compared to those who accurately perceived their weight status (β = 1.00, p<0.05). The same associations were not found in men. Conclusion Awareness-oriented strategies for obesity prevention and weight management focused on providing information on weight status may need to consider unintended consequences of accurate weight perception on mental health among individuals with obesity, particularly among women.
Ælfric's Grammar: Solving the Problem of the English-Language Text

AElfric's Grammar, a work that scholars have seen as tangential to his main concerns, is an essential part of his collection of English-language religious texts. AElfric's prefaces often express his concern that writing in English does not ensure that his readers will properly interpret his texts. In order to give readers the tools they need to analyze English texts, AElfric writes the Grammar, a work that not only teaches Latin grammar, but also applies grammar to the English language. By making explicit the concept that English is a language, a collection of signs, AElfric teaches his readers that reading English texts requires analytical skills. AElfric then shows his readers how the tools of the Latin grammarians can be used to understand English as well. In essence, AElfric takes the medieval commonplace that the study of grammar is necessary for the understanding of Latin texts and expands it, showing how grammar is necessary for the understanding of English language texts as well.
Screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria in adults

Case study: D.C., a 27-year-old woman at 15 weeks' gestation, comes to your office for her first prenatal visit. She is accompanied by her 56-year-old mother, whom you treat for type 2 diabetes.
“Christianizing” and “Indigenizing”

While scholars have wondered why Lucy Thompson appears to have “Christianized” Yurok mythology by revising various stories from the bible, this chapter asserts that Thompson is not necessarily endorsing Christianity, but attempting to connect with white audiences in a language familiar to them. Through her discussions of Yurok religion, Thompson provides guidelines for a future generation of Yurok practitioners and, in doing so, demonstrates compelling reasons for the Yurok to return to indigenous spiritual practices rather than adopting Christianity. Finally, Thompson also illustrates how Yurok people experience their spiritual teachings directly from the landscape, emphasizing that Yurok land is the essence of their spiritual practice.
A Photodetector-Driven Coherent RF Array with Wide Tuning Range

A sixteen-element coherent array of wideband spiral antennas driven by photodetectors is presented. The array radiates between 21 and 65 GHz, with −45 dBm of coupled power at 42 GHz. © 2019 The Author(s)
Combined Chemo-Anti-Inflammatory Prodrugs and Nanoparticles

Combining multiple drugs in one platform has the ability to override the limitations of singly administered therapeutic and may provide potential alternative treatment options for aggressive prostate cancer resistant to conventional chemotherapy. For in vivo applications, combination therapeutics should be engineered to include nanoparticles for efficacious delivery. Here, we discuss the aspects of combining chemotherapy with anti-inflammatory drugs for metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer. We highlight the concept of combining cisplatin and Aspirin in a single platinum(IV) prodrug for efficacious in vitro biological actions. These two drugs were further incorporated in an engineered biodegradable polymer, which can self-assemble in the presence of a block copolymer to controlled-release nanoparticles to deliver multiple therapeutics in a predefined ratio. 1 Introduction 2 Chemo-Anti-inflammatory Approaches for Chemo-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Challenges and Opportunities 3 Chemo-Anti-inflammatory Platinum(IV) Prodrugs 4 Polymeric Nanoparticle for Co-delivery of Cisplatin and Aspirin 5 Future Perspectives
Using the Electronic Medical Record to Create a Pediatric Sepsis Alert

Background: Overwhelming evidence indicates early recognition and appropriate antibiotic therapies are key components for successfully treating patients with sepsis. Despite standardized adult sepsis criteria, detecting early warning signs of sepsis in pediatric patients has proven challenging. While adults have a well-defined range of normal vital signs, pediatric vital signs vary significantly over several age ranges making recognition of sepsis difficult. Failure to quickly recognize sepsis can unfortunately result in significant morbidity and mortality, illustrating the need for an efficient and effective tool for identifying and …
State anxiety in pregnancies affected by obstetric complications: A systematic review.

Abstract Background Maternal mental health status remains an important area of study due to its influence on maternal health outcomes. Past reviews on anxiety in pregnancy have included multiple mental health diagnoses and pre-existing conditions. A systematic review was performed to understand maternal state anxiety during pregnancies affected by obstetrical complications. Methods A systematic search of electronic databases was performed including quantitative, primary studies in the English language. The population of interest was women whose pregnancies were affected by maternal and/or fetal obstetric (not pre-existing) complications with state anxiety as the outcome. Twenty-six studies met the inclusion and methodological criteria and were included in the review. Results The review revealed that 20% to 100% of women experiencing pregnancies affected by obstetric complications had high levels of state anxiety, and these rates are negatively influenced by complication type and severity, demographic characteristics, and maternal perceptions and expectations. Overall, antenatal state anxiety was shown to improve over the course of the pregnancy, though levels remained above clinical thresholds. Limitations This review was based only on English peer-reviewed articles, many of which used convenience sampling with homogenous samples, limiting generalizability. Additional limitations include how anxiety prevalence was aggregated due to differences in measurement across studies. Conclusions Anxiety is prevalent among women experiencing pregnancies affected by obstetric complications. Based on this review, we recommend that all women treated for obstetric complications are screened for anxiety; facilitating detection, referral, and treatment, ultimately contributing to optimal maternal outcomes.
Cardiomyocyte nuclearity and ploidy: when is double trouble?

Considerable effort has gone into investigating mechanisms that underlie the developmental transition in which mammalian cardiomyocytes (CMs) switch from being able to proliferate during development, to essentially having lost that ability at maturity. This problem is interesting not only for scientific curiosity, but also for its clinical relevance because controlling the ability of mature CMs to replicate would provide a much-needed approach for restoring cardiac function in damaged hearts. In this review, we focus on the propensity of mature mammalian CMs to be multinucleated and polyploid, and the extent to which this may be necessary for normal physiology yet possibly disadvantageous in some circumstances. In this context, we explore whether the concept of the myonuclear domain (MND) in multinucleated skeletal muscle fibers might apply to cardiomyocytes, and whether cardio-MND size might be related to the transition of CMs to become multinuclear. Nuclei in CMs are almost certainly integrators of not only biochemical, but also—because of their central location within the myofibrils—mechanical information, and this multimodal, integrative function in adult CMs—involving molecules that have been extensively studied along with newly identified possibilities—could influence both gene expression as well as replication of the genome and the nuclei themselves.
Comparison of the Ventricular Tachycardia Circuit Between Patients With Ischemic and Nonischemic Cardiomyopathies: Detailed Characterization by Entrainment.

Background: There has been increasing awareness of the 3-dimensional nature of ventricular tachycardia (VT) circuits. VT circuits in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathies (ICM) and non-ICM (NICM)...
Are knee savers and knee pads a viable intervention to reduce lower extremity musculoskeletal disorder risk in residential roofers

One factor commonly associated with musculoskeletal disorder risk is extreme postures. To lessen this risk, individuals must be in an as neutral posture as possible while working. We analyzed how the inclusion of different combinations of two interventions-knee pads and knee savers-can alter lower extremity kinematics during deep or near full flexion kneeling occurs while on different sloped surfaces. Nine male subjects were requested to keep a typical resting posture while kneeling on sloped roofing simulator. We observed that the introduction of a wearable third party device considerably altered lower extremity full flexion kneeling kinematics compared to level deep kneeling. This study provided a sound base for the use of third party devices to reduce musculoskeletal disorder risk on a sloped surface, however further testing with other musculoskeletal disorder risk factors is needed prior to conclusive recommendation.
Computational identification of the safety regime of Li-ion battery thermal runaway

Abstract Internal short circuit (ISC) and the subsequent electrochemical heat release is frequently a direct cause to trigger Li-ion battery thermal runaway. In this work, a decouple-recombine modeling approach is adopted to reveal the feature of thermal runaway induced by a typical ISC event. The thermal response and chemical kinetic feature of thermal runaway is computationally investigated in a three-dimensional configuration with assigned heat source intensity and duration. The threshold runaway state and the safety regime diagram are identified, corresponding to a pair of critical heat source intensity and critical duration time. Consequently, a safety regime diagram is computationally identified to distinguish the thermal runaway zone and safety zone. Simulation and analysis has been conducted to evaluate the dominant physical-chemical parameters, and the dependence of cathode material during thermal runaway. Meanwhile, the power dissipation during a representative ISC scenario is analyzed, where the local current could be an order of magnitude higher than that for a regular 1C discharge, and the maximum heat release rate is around 1012 W/m3. This heat release is input as source in the thermal runaway simulation, to demonstrate the coupling of the ISC and thermal abuse models. This work provides useful guidance to the fundamental understanding and prediction of thermal runaway phenomena induced by internal short circuit in Li-ion batteries.
Solvent effects on the heterogeneous growth of TiO2 nanostructure arrays by solvothermal synthesis

Abstract One-dimensional titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanostructure arrays (nanoarrays) are important metal oxide nanomaterials that can be synthesized via facile solvothermal methods. The properties of the organic solvents can impose significant effects on the microstructures and properties of the final products. However, the discussions were limited to the homogeneously nucleated TiO2 nanomaterials in free-standing powder form, while the solvent effects are less understood during the heterogeneous growth of TiO2 nanoarrays on a substrate surface. In this work, six organic compounds, namely 2-butanone, n-decane, n-hexane, toluene, ethylene glycol and ethanol, were selected as the solvents for the solvothermal synthesis of TiO2 nanoarrays on the cordierite monolithic substrates. Special attentions are paid to the morphology, crystallinity, specific surface area, and porosity of the samples. The heterogeneous growth of TiO2 nanoarrays on substrate surfaces is found to favor the solvents with moderate dielectric constants, which can be partially dissolved in the aqueous solution and modulate the reaction rate during the solvothermal synthesis. Organic solvents with low dielectric constants may result in a complete separation between the precursors and aqueous solution, and therefore slow down the overall reaction, causing the insufficient growth of the nanoarrays. The TiO2 nanoarrays are obtained with optimum morphology from the combination of 2-butanone and titanium (IV) butoxide as solvent and precusor, respectively, with a high specific surface area up to 56 m2/g including cordierite substrate given a micron thickness. When loaded with Pt catalyst, the TiO2 nanoarray-based monolithic catalysts show excellent low-temperature catalytic activity and hydrothermal stability for the CO and hydrocarbon oxidation under the simulated exhausted conditions. This work shall shed light on a better understanding of the growth mechanism and rational design of TiO2 nanoarrays for high-performance catalytic converters.
Directional scattering by the hyperbolic-medium antennas and silicon particles

Optical antennas made out of materials with hyperbolic dispersion is an alternative approach to realizing efficient subwavelength scatterers and may overcome limitations imposed by plasmonic and all-dielectric designs. Recently emerged natural hyperbolic material hexagonal boron nitride supports phonon-polariton excitations with low optical losses and high anisotropy. Here we study scattering properties of the hyperbolic-medium (HM) antennas, and in particular, we consider a combination of two types of the particles - HM bars and silicon spheres - arranged in a periodic array. We analyze excitation of electric and magnetic resonances in the particles and effect of their overlap in the array. We theoretically demonstrate that decrease of reflectance from the array can be achieved with appropriate particle dimensions where electric and magnetic resonances of different particle types overlap, and the resonance oscillations are in phase. In this case, generalized Kerker condition is satisfied, and particle dimers in the array efficiently scatter light in the forward direction. The effect can be used in designing metasurfaces based on hexagonal boron nitride scatterers with an application in mid-infrared photonics.
High-fidelity, efficient, and reversible labeling of endogenous proteins using CRISPR-based designer exon insertion

Precise and efficient insertion of large DNA fragments into somatic cells using gene editing technologies to label or modify endogenous proteins remains challenging. Non-specific insertions/deletions (INDELs) resulting from the non-homologous end joining pathway make the process error-prone. Further, the insert is not readily removable. Here, we describe a method called CRISPR-mediated insertion of exon (CRISPIE) that can precisely and reversibly label endogenous proteins using CRISPR/Cas9-based editing. CRISPIE inserts a designer donor module, which consists of an exon encoding the protein sequence flanked by intron sequences, into an intronic location in the target gene. INDELs at the insertion junction will be spliced out, leaving mRNAs nearly error-free. We used CRISPIE to fluorescently label endogenous proteins in neurons in vivo with previously unachieved efficiency. We demonstrate that this method is broadly applicable, and that the insert can be readily removed later. CRISPIE permits protein sequence insertion with high fidelity, efficiency, and flexibility.
Fatigue Assessment of Porosity in Electron Beam Melted Ti-6Al-4V

Additive manufacturing (AM) has proven itself to be an effective and versatile solution in replacing aircraft structures and components. However, the AM process still requires the necessary structural reliability as well as the technology to assess operational longevity. In this work, a fatigue performance and damage progression assessment framework is proposed to achieve a fundamental understanding of the fatigue damage mechanisms and its progression in as-built treated electron beam melted (EBM) Ti-6Al-4V at the macroscopic structural scale as well as at the microscopic constituent scale. The work presented utilizes digital image correlation (DIC), an optical strain measurement technique, as a method to detect crack initiation sites occurring on the material’s surface and propagating throughout the specimen. A comprehensive testing framework and experimental procedure is developed to generate fatigue data for AM material Ti-6Al-4V as-built specimens. Characterization and simulation of the fatigue progress due to AM process defects (voids, surface roughness, etc.) are also performed using damaging energy progress and damage evaluation.
Fiducial marker migration following computed tomography-guided placement in the liver: a case report

Radiation therapy for liver tumors has been shown to provide a local control and overall survival benefit in patients with primary or oligometastatic liver tumors. However, accurate delineation of the target volume in intraabdominal tumors can be limited by diaphragmatic motion. In addition to image guidance during radiation therapy, computed tomography (CT)-guided fiducial marker placement can improve the accuracy of radiation treatment and optimize tumor control. Fiducial marker placement is often indicated in stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) due to the ablative doses used as well as in proton therapy given that these markers are clearly visible on orthogonal kV image guidance and studies have suggested that their placement in liver tumors offers improved local control. However, fiducial marker migration is a rare risk associated with fiducial placement for which literature remains scarce. We report two separate cases of fiducial marker migrations from the liver into the inferior vena cava and right atrium which occurred following CT-guided placement without any resultant toxicity. Imaging using contrast-enhanced or volume navigation ultrasound techniques during fiducial marker deployment may mitigate the risk of fiducial marker migration and potential end-organ injury. Alternative techniques for motion management such as inspiratory or expiratory breath hold or use of residual lipiodol on imaging in patients who have undergone transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) should be considered as well to avoid potential complications from fiducial marker placement.
Risk and resilience-based optimal post-disruption restoration for critical infrastructures under uncertainty

Abstract Post-disruption restoration of critical infrastructures (CIs) often faces uncertainties associated with the required repair tasks and the related transportation network. However, such challenges are often overlooked in most studies on the improvement of CI resilience. In this paper, two-stage risk-averse and risk-neutral stochastic optimization models are proposed to schedule repair activities for a disrupted CI network with the objective of maximizing system resilience. Both models are developed based on a scenario-based optimization technique that accounts for the uncertainties of the repair time and the travel time spent on the underlying transportation network. Given the large number of uncertainty realizations associated with post-disruption restoration tasks, an improved fast forward algorithm based on a wait-and-see solution methodology is provided to reduce the number of chosen scenarios, which results in the desired probabilistic performance metrics. To assess the risks associated with post-disruption scheduling plans, a conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) metric is incorporated into the optimization models through a scenario reduction algorithm. The proposed restoration framework is applied to the French RTE electric power network with a DC power flow procedure, and the results demonstrate the added value of using the stochastic optimization models incorporating the travel times related to repair activities. It is essential that risk-averse decision-making under uncertainty largely impacts the optimum schedule and the expected resilience, especially in the worst-case scenarios.
Integrating on-grid immunogold labeling and cryo-electron tomography to reveal photosystem II structure and spatial distribution in thylakoid membranes.

Abstract A long-standing challenge in cell biology is elucidating the structure and spatial distribution of individual membrane-bound proteins, protein complexes and their interactions in their native environment. Here, we describe a workflow that combines on-grid immunogold labeling, followed by cryo-electron tomography (cryoET) imaging and structural analyses to identify and characterize the structure of photosystem II (PSII) complexes. Using an antibody specific to a core subunit of PSII, the D1 protein (uniquely found in the water splitting complex in all oxygenic photoautotrophs), we identified PSII complexes in biophysically active thylakoid membranes isolated from a model marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Subsequent cryoET analyses of these protein complexes resolved two PSII structures: supercomplexes and dimeric cores. Our integrative approach establishes the structural signature of multimeric membrane protein complexes in their native environment and provides a pathway to elucidate their high-resolution structures.
Establishing an Experimental Community College in the United States: Challenges, Successes, and Implications for Higher Education

This text offers an in-depth case study of the development of an experimental community college established by City University of New York with the aim of increasing two-year completion rates. By detailing academic and administrative reforms undertaken at Guttman Community College since 2007, the text illustrates the implementation of innovative practices in developmental education, advising, and experiential education and offers critical commentary on why reforms failed to bring the expected results. In a series of comprehensive and insightful chapters, Jordan maps the process of implementation and reform at Guttman Community College. In doing so, he explores the shortcomings of the Guttman enterprise, and offers in-depth analysis of the causes and implications of a failure to account for the local context and student population in planning and implementation phases. This unique, historical narrative thus offers important insights into pitfalls and best practices around issues of racial inequity, governance and leadership, curriculum development, student support services, and data-driven decision making. Each chapter concludes with a section focusing specifically on implications for the post-secondary system more broadly to inform effective, appropriate, and inclusive college reform. This book will be of interest to postgraduates and researchers exploring the history and governance of postsecondary education in the United States, as well as academic administrators, faculty, and policymakers. Jordan speaks to the myriad lessons that can be valuable for a higher education landscape that is hungry for innovation and reform.
Arthroscopic Treatment of Femoroacetabular Impingement Using Labral Reconstruction with Capsular Autograft

The acetabular labrum is essential for stability during physiologic motion of the hip. Labral repairs frequently are attempted in cases of primary tears, although labral reconstruction is an important alternative in the revision setting or in the primary setting when the tissue is unsalvageable. Labral reconstruction has been shown to restore the hip's suction-seal and fluid pressurization to that of the premorbid state, and cohort studies have demonstrated significantly improved patient-reported outcomes at midterm follow-up. Notably, the cost is of consideration during any reconstruction, and techniques have been described using both allograft and autograft sources. Autograft sources include the iliotibial band, ligamentum teres, gracilis tendon, and hip capsule. A previously described technique using the capsule was noted to hinder routine capsular closure. We present an alternative method for labral reconstruction using hip capsular tissue that is easily performed and allows for routine capsular closure.
Magic Tricks, Card Shuffling and Dynamic Computer Memories

Introduction 1. The perfect shuffle 2. The order of shuffles 3. Shuffle groups 4. Generalizing the perfect shuffle 5. Dynamic computer memories. Appendix 1. The order of shuffles Appendix 2. How to do the Faro shuffle Appendix 3. Tours on decks of size 8, 16, 32 and 64 Appendix 4. A Lagniappe Bibliography.
Public Non-Commercial Use' Compulsory Licensing for Pharmaceutical Drugs in Government Health Care Programs

Introduction 348 I. The Emergence of Compulsory Licensing Under TRIPS 353 A. National Emergency Compulsory Licensing 354 B. The Emergence of Public Non-Commercial Use Compulsory Licensing 359 II. New Compulsory Licensing Concerns Presented by Government-Run Health Care 362 A. Health Care as a Human Right and Government Health Care 363 B. The Pharmaceutical Development Outlook 365 C. The Fading Wisdom of Relying on the Developed World for Funding Pharmaceutical Research and Development 370 III. The TRIPS Context for Public Non-Commercial Compulsory Licensing 374 A. Changing Winds: The Likelihood of a WTO Panel Decision on TRIPS Article 31 375 B. The Standard for Interpreting TRIPS 379 C. Relevant Context Under the Vienna Convention: TRIPS Preamble, Objectives, & Principles 380 D. Article 31: Compulsory Licensing 382 IV. Compulsory Licensing for Public Non-Commercial Use 386 A. Defining Public Non-Commercial Use 387 B. Government-Run Health Care and Non-Discrimination 391 Conclusion 393
Pressure Ulcer Assessment and Documentation

Accurate assessment and documentation of skin is an important nursing activity yet the task of identifying and documenting wounds can be difficult. New regulations from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid dictate that hospitals will not receive payment for the treatment of stage III or stage IV hospital-acquired pressure ulcers. Literature supports that accurate assessment and documentation of a pressure ulcer is important to the care of the patient, to provide legal documentation, and for reimbursement. The purpose of this project was to develop and implement a pressure ulcer assessment and documentation pocket guide. The development of the pocket guide was guided by Malcolm Knowles’ adult learning theory and developed by evaluating different pocket guides, the NPUAP website, and evidence based literature. The project employed an intervention, post intervention evaluation design. The sample was drawn from nurse members of the Pressure Ulcer Prevalence Committee at the Miriam Hospital in Providence, RI. Nurse members of the committee who agreed to participate utilized the Pressure Ulcer Assessment and Documentation Pocket Guide to assess patients during the monthly meeting and then completed an evaluation. The guide was evaluated as being valuable in assessing and documenting pressure ulcers and it was recommended for distribution to staff nurses. Use of the tool has the potential to improve assessment, identification, and documentation of pressure ulcers. Implications for advanced practice are discussed. Acknowledgements I would like to take this opportunity to acknowledge the following individuals. This project would have never been completed without their support and guidance. If I have neglected to mention someone who had assisted me, I am sorry and apologize in advance. First I would like to thank Miriam Hospital’s Administration, including Maria Ducharme and Angela Creta. Without their approval of the project, it would not have happened. I would also like to thank Deb Bartula, WOCN and Erin DellaGrotta for their guidance and allowing the project to be presented to the Pressure Ulcer Prevalence Committee. I would also like to thank the members of the Pressure Ulcer Prevalence Committee who allowed the presentation and evaluation of this project. I would like to thank my first reader, Cindy Padula, whose guidance and assistance was of utmost importance along the path to my Master’s Degree. I would like to also thank Professor Patricia Calvert, my second reader, and Patricia Karwan, who was my third and final reader. In conclusion, I would like to thank the most important person in my life, my husband, Mike. Without him by my side, I may never have accomplished my dream of earning the Master’s degree.
Estate and Gift Tax Problems of Principals and Agents Under Durable Powers of Attorney

The combination of advances in life expectancies and improvements in medical technologies has made it increasingly important to plan for a client's possible future incapacity. As a result, the use of durable powers of attorney has exploded in recent years. Indeed, estate planners now typically include such powers and living wills as components of a client's estate plan along with traditional wills and trusts. However, the use of durable powers of attorney can create serious estate and gift tax problems for both the principal and the agent. This article discusses these tax problems in light of several recent cases and rulings, and suggests drafting strategies to address these tax concerns.
NGOs and organizational change : discourse, reporting, and learning

List of figures List of tables Acknowledgments List of abbreviations Introduction 1. The making of NGOs: the relevance of Foucault and Bourdieu 2. The NGOs and their global networks 3. NGO behavior and development discourse 4. Interdependence and power: tensions over money and reputation 5. Information struggles: the role of information in the reproduction of NGO-funder relationships 6. Learning in NGOs 7. Challenges ahead: NGO-funder relations in a global future Notes References Index.
Abstract MP72: Habitual Sleep Variability is Associated with Caloric and Food Intake

Introduction: Excessive food intake is the primary factor for obesity in adolescents whereas subjectively reported sleep duration has been suggested as a novel risk factor. However, the association between objectively measured habitual sleep pattern and adolescent caloric and snack consumption behaviors has not been assessed. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that objectively-measured habitual sleep variability is associated with caloric and snack intakes in adolescents. Methods: We used data from 421 adolescents who participated in the population-based Penn State Child Cohort follow-up examination. Actigraphy was used for 7 consecutive nights to calculate each participant’s mean sleep duration as habitual sleep duration (HSD) and the standard deviation of the mean as habitual sleep variability (HSV). Participants’ caloric and snack intakes for one year prior to the clinical examination were assessed using Youth/Adolescent Food Frequency Questionnaire. Daily total caloric intake (kcal), protein intak...
Light intensity dependence of the ambipolar diffusion-length in hydrogenated amorphous silicon (solar cells)

The authors report the utilization of the photocarrier grating technique for a comparative study of the ambipolar diffusion length (L) in hydrogenated amorphous silicon. This novel method for accurately measuring L, permits the reliable determination of its light intensity dependence. Combining this method with standard steady-state photoconductivity measurements yields information on the effects of minute boron doping and intense light soaking on the distribution of states in the forbidden gap. Experimental results obtained with this method are presented and discussed. >
Photoneutron Resonances in Oxygen 16.

S>The cross section for the reaction O/sup 16/( gamma ,n)O/sup 15/ has been determined from threshold energy to 60 Mev using bremsstrahlung from the Iowa State University synchrotron. The O/sup 15/ radioactivity yield curve was measured and the relative cross section extracted using least structure analysis. The data were corrected for multiple neutron processes and extraneous activities. The problem of cross section extraction from a yield curve is described and the resulting integral equation is presented in matrix form. Several methods of solution are discussed and the least structure method is described in detail. A limited description of the experimental apparatus is presented with a more detailed discussion of the synchrotron energy control system. Resonances in the O/sup 16/( gamma ,n)O/sup 15/ cross section are observed at 17.4, 19.3, 22.4, 24.5, 32.7, 38.9, 45.1, 50.4, and 57.9 Mev with additional poorly resolved resonances at 21.0, 26.5, and 28.4 Mev. The results are compared with those of other experiments and with existing theories. Such comparisons indicate that the 19.3 Mev resonance and those resonances between 26 Mev and 40 Mev result from E2 interactions. Remaining resonances in the giant resonance region are believed to be E1 and the resonances at 45.1more » and 50.4 Mev appear to be E1 overtones. The cross section integrated from 30 to 60 Mev appears to be about 40 percent of the cross section integrated from threshold energy to 30 Mev. (auth)« less
Development of the trigger readout system for the phase-I upgrade of the ATLAS Liquid Argon calorimeters

The ATLAS Liquid Argon (LAr) Calorimeters were designed and built to measure electromagnetic and hadronic energy in proton-proton collisions produced at the LHC at centre-of-mass energies up to 14 TeV and at instantaneous luminosities up to 1034cm−2s−1. An LHC upgrade is planned to enhance the luminosities to 2–3×1034cm−2s−1 and to deliver an integrated luminosity of about 300 fb−1 during Run 3 from 2021 through 2023. In order to improve the identification performance for electrons, photons, taus, jets, missing energy at high background rejection rates, an improved spatial granularity of the trigger primitives has been proposed. A new trigger readout system is being designed to digitize and process the signals with higher spatial granularity. A demonstrator system has been developed and installed on the ATLAS detector to evaluate the technical and performance aspects. Analog signal parameters including noise and cross-talk have been analyzed. The performance of the new demonstrator system in the data taking run will be presented. The next generation of prototypes for the trigger readout system is being developed. In this paper, research and development of radiation tolerant custom ASICs for the final trigger readout system will be discussed.