cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Incidence and In-Hospital Mortality of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) and Dialysis-Requiring AKI (AKI-D) After Cardiac Catheterization in the National Inpatient Sample.

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) and dialysis‐requiring AKI (AKI‐D) are common, serious complications of cardiac procedures. Methods and Results We evaluated 3 633 762 (17 765 214 weighted population) cardiac catheterization or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) hospital discharges from the nationally representative National Inpatient Sample to determine annual population incidence rates for AKI and AKI‐D in the United States from 2001 to 2011. Odds ratios for both conditions and associated in‐hospital mortality were calculated for each year in the study period using multiple logistic regression. The number of cardiac catheterization or PCI cases resulting in AKI rose almost 3‐fold from 2001 to 2011. The adjusted odds of AKI and AKI‐D per year among cardiac catheterization and PCI patients were 1.11 (95% CI: 1.10–1.12) and 1.01 (95% CI: 0.99–1.02), respectively. Most importantly, in‐hospital mortality significantly decreased from 2001 to 2011 for AKI (19.6–9.2%) and AKI‐D (28.3–19.9%), whereas odds of associated in‐hospital mortality were 0.50 (95% CI: 0.45–0.56) and 0.70 (95% CI: 0.55–0.93) in 2011 versus 2001, respectively. The population‐attributable risk of mortality for AKI and AKI‐D was 25.8% and 3.8% in 2001 and 41.1% and 6.5% in 2011, respectively. Males and females had similar patterns of AKI increase, although males outpaced females. Conclusions The Incidence of AKI among cardiac catheterization and PCI patients has increased sharply in the United States, and this should be addressed by implementing prevention strategies. However, mortality has significantly declined, suggesting that efforts to manage AKI and AKI‐D after cardiac catheterization and PCI have reduced mortality.
Retrospectives on factors influencing inclusive opportunities for college students with extensive support needs

ABSTRACTCurrent U.S. legislation calls for students with disabilities to be involved and make progress in general education curriculum. Despite the legislation, students with extensive support needs continue to be segregated from their peers and post-school outcomes remain dismal for this population of students. The purpose of this retrospective study was to explore the perceptions of two students with extensive support needs and their caregivers regarding factors that contributed to their involvement and progress in the general education curriculum and eventual enrolment in four-year, post-secondary institutions in the United States. Findings related to the role of participants’ perceptions of self, participants’ engagement in advocacy roles and activities, and specific human and material supports that both facilitated and acted as barriers to education in the general curriculum emerged as recurrent themes. Limitations of the study and suggestions for future research and practice are presented.
Extracorporeal Photophoresis (ECP) For Chronic Graft Versus Host Disease (cGVHD): A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis

Introduction Steroid refractory chronic graft-versus-host-disease (SR-cGVHD) is the leading cause of late morbidity and mortality in allogeneic transplant patients. Safety of extracorporeal photophoresis (ECP) has led to multiple studies evaluating its role in SR-cGVHD. Overall and organ specific response rates (RR) of SR-cGVHD have varied significantly between studies. We conducted a systemic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of ECP in SR-cGVHD. Methods A comprehensive search of several databases (Ovid Medline In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central register of Controlled Trials,, Scopus) for articles published in any language between 1984-2012 was conducted. Unpublished studies using electronic databases from the annual meetings abstracts of hematology/transplant societies were searched. Experts in the field were also contacted for selection of studies and missing data from selected trials. End points included complete response rate (CR), overall RR (ORR), and organ-specific RR's. Results Initial search generated 312 studies, out of which 18 studies (4 prospective) met selection criteria (N=595). Random effects model was used for pooled rates. Pooled CR rate (11 studies) was 29% (CI 19%-42%). Pooled ORR (16 studies) was 64% (CI 65-82%). 1 year overall survival was 49% (CI 29-70%). There was significant heterogeneity between studies (I²=72) likely due to differences in ECP schedules utilized, and a variety of scales used to measure outcomes. Pooled RR's for SR-cGVHD of skin was 74% (CI 60-85%), liver was 68% (CI 57-77%), ocular was 60% (CI 40-78%), oral was 72% (CI 51-86%), lung was 48% (CI 33-63%), gastrointestinal (GI) was 53% (CI 21-83%), and musculoskeletal (MSK) was 64% (CI 18-94%). No significant differences in responses to ECP for pediatric and adult populations were found. Sensitivity analysis could not be done due to limited number of prospective studies. Conclusions ECP is an effective therapy for oral, skin & liver SR-cGVHD, with modest activity in lung and GI SR-cGVHD. Further studies must report standardized outcomes with a uniform schedule of ECP. ![Figure][1] Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare. [1]: pending:yes
Sodium bicarbonate mouthwash combined with fluconazole capsule to prevent oral fungal infection in COPD patients received nebulized budesonide therapy

Objective: To observe the effect of 2% sodium bicarbonate(NaHCO3) mouthwash combined with fluconazole capsule on prevention of oral fungal infection in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) patients who received nebulized budesonide therapy.Methods: A total of 60 COPD patients with oral fungal infection who were received nebulized budesonide therapy were randomly divided into 2 groups: a control group and an experimental control group.For the control group,patients were given fluconazole capsule while for the experimental group,patients were treated with 2% NaHCO3 mouthwash combined with fluconazole capsule.The clinical efficiency and pH value in patients' oral cavity of the 2 groups were observed.Results: The clinical effect of the experimental group was better than that of the control group(P0.05).pH value in oral cavity in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group(P0.01).Conclusion: It is effective to treat oral fungal infection in COPD patients received nebulized budesonide therapy with 2% NaHCO3 mouthwash combined with fluconazole capsule and it should be recommended.
Effect of Bone Marrow Hypoplasia Secondary to Reinduction Therapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) or Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) on Outcomes after Blood and Marrow Transplantation (BMT).

Refractory AML and MDS are difficult diseases to manage, even with allogeneic BMT, due to recurrent disease. In an attempt to cytoreduce prior to BMT, but also avoid the toxicities associated with multiple reinduction attempts, we altered our treatment practice to offer allogeneic BMT while the patient is hypoplastic after reinduction therapy. We retrospectively reviewed 47 consecutive patients (22 males, 25 females; median age 47 years, range 6–68,) with AML (n=36) or MDS (n=11) who received a first related (n=23) or unrelated (n=24) allogeneic BMT between 4/1/2003 and 3/31/2006 at Roswell Park Cancer Institute to compare outcomes by pre-BMT disease status. Bone marrow hypoplasia post-reinduction therapy was defined as a particulate biopsy with 0.10 to remove each factor from the model. Since KPS correlated with hypoplastic status, both factors could not be added into the model simultaneously. Factors that were considered in the first model: KPS (≥90 vs. ≤80), conditioning regimen (FluMel vs. BuC vs. CT vs. FluC), donor (related vs. unrelated), age at BMT (continuous), and FEV1 (continuous). KPS was the only significant predictor of OS (RR=20.5; 95% confidence interval 2.7, 156; p=0.004). Substituting hypoplastic (yes vs. no) for KPS in the model yielded hypoplastic as the only significant factor (RR=3.06; 95% CI 1.3, 7.38; p=0.013). This study demonstrates that patients transplanted with bone marrow hypoplastia secondary to reinduction therapy have a compromised performance status, but that a low KPS is a stronger predictor of poor LFS and OS. Reducing the intensity of the reinduction regimen may increase performance status at BMT and improve overall outcome post-transplant.
Crystallization of the Nanophase in Silicon Nitrides

The second phase in silicon nitrides plays an important role in the synthesis, processing, net-shape forming, and mechanical properties. In order to fulfill these multiple functions it is desirable that the second phase be a glass at the processing temperature and crystalline at service temperature. It is proposed that this transition temperature depends not only on the chemical constitution of the second phase but also on microstructural parameters such as the grain size, grain shape and the volume fraction of the second phase. Guidelines for the design of the second phase are based upon the thermodynamic and kinetic limits to secondary crystallization. The principal conclusion of the study is that volume fraction of the second phase should be 8–15% by volume, and that the grain shape should be acicular with a transverse dimension of about 1μm; these results are consistent with the experimental findings and ideas expressed recently by Lewis[1].
Solid Food Foams

The words “cell” and “cellular” came to English (via French) from the Latin cella, a store room or chamber. In modern usage, they have several very different meanings. The two that are pertinent to food structure and texture have to do with the cells in edible tissues of plants, fungi and animals or with the open spaces, filled with air or another gas, enclosed by a liquid or solid matrix that forms the cell walls. Rheologically speaking, “solid” is a term that needs to be used with caution. An albumen foam and whipped cream, under most circumstances, do not flow under their own weight and are therefore solid in a certain sense. Yet, upon disintegration, they leave behind a liquid. This is in contrast with puffed cereals and snacks, pieces of freeze-dried vegetables or chicken, and agglomerated, spray dried or instant coffee particles. These, if ground, would leave a powder made of solid particles. But what about fresh bread, cakes, marshmallows and popcorn? We will consider them solids despite the fact that their cell wall material is plasticized. There are different ways to classify cellular solid foods. Here are some:
Intrathymic injection of hematopoietic progenitor cells establishes functional T cell development in a mouse model of severe combined immunodeficiency

Even though hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can be curative in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency, there is a need for additional strategies boosting T cell immunity in individuals suffering from genetic disorders of lymphoid development. Here we show that image-guided intrathymic injection of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in NOD-scid IL2rγnull mice is feasible and facilitates the generation of functional T cells conferring protective immunity. Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells were isolated from the bone marrow of healthy C57BL/6 mice (wild-type, Luciferase+, CD45.1+) and injected intravenously or intrathymically into both male and female, young or aged NOD-scid IL2rγnull recipients. The in vivo fate of injected cells was analyzed by bioluminescence imaging and flow cytometry of thymus- and spleen-derived T cell populations. In addition to T cell reconstitution, we evaluated mice for evidence of immune dysregulation based on diabetes development and graft-versus-host disease. T cell immunity following intrathymic injection of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in NOD-scid IL2rγnull mice was assessed in a B cell lymphoma model. Despite the small size of the thymic remnant in NOD-scid IL2rγnull mice, we were able to accomplish precise intrathymic delivery of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells by ultrasound-guided injection. Thymic reconstitution following intrathymic injection of healthy allogeneic hematopoietic cells was most effective in young male recipients, indicating that even in the setting of severe immunodeficiency, sex and age are important variables for thymic function. Allogeneic T cells generated in intrathymically injected NOD-scid IL2rγnull mice displayed anti-lymphoma activity in vivo, but we found no evidence for severe auto/alloreactivity in T cell-producing NOD-scid IL2rγnull mice, suggesting that immune dysregulation is not a major concern. Our findings suggest that intrathymic injection of donor hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells is a safe and effective strategy to establish protective T cell immunity in a mouse model of severe combined immunodeficiency.
MALIGNANT LYMPHOMAS INVOLVING THE ORAL CAVITY AND SURROUNDING STRUCTURES. REPORT OF TWELVE CASES.

Abstract 1. 1. The oral cavity and surrounding structures can first call attention to the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma. 2. 2. Secondary foci of malignant lymphoma are not infrequently seen in the mouth and associated tissues. 3. 3. The varied histologic picture of the malignant lymphomas and their interrelationships is stressed. 4. 4. Biopsy alone can establish the diagnosis of this disease. Repeated biopsies are needed to follow its course and cell type. 5. 5. X-ray therapy is generally considered the treatment of choice. 6. 6. In patients with localized disease, surgical intervention might be indicated.
Building Water and Wastewater System Resilience to Disaster Migration: Utility Perspectives

AbstractThis paper leverages expert knowledge from leaders in water and wastewater utilities to anticipate water and wastewater infrastructure impacts in communities that host populations displaced...
Chapter 3 - Nuclear Dualism

Nuclear dualism is a characteristic feature of the ciliated protozoa. Tetrahymena have two different nuclei in each cell. The larger, polyploid, somatic macronucleus (MAC) is the site of transcriptional activity in the vegetatively growing cell. The smaller, diploid micronucleus (MIC) is transcriptionally inactive in vegetative cells, but is transcriptionally active in mating cells and responsible for the genetic continuity during sexual reproduction. Although the MICs and MACs develop from mitotic products of a common progenitor and reside in a common cytoplasm, they are different from one another in almost every respect.
Multimodal perception of interrupted speech and text by younger and older adults

The current study aimed to identify how partial auditory (speech) and visual (text) information are resolved for sentence recognition by younger and older adults. Interrupted speech was created by periodically replacing speech with silent intervals at various interruption rates. Likewise, interrupted text was created by periodically replacing printed text with white space. Speech was further processed by low-pass filtering the stimulus spectrum at 2000 Hz. Speech and text stimuli were interrupted at 0.5, 2, 8, and 32 Hz and presented in unimodal and multimodal conditions. Overall, older listeners demonstrated similar performance to younger listeners on the unimodal conditions. However, there was a marked decrease in performance by older listeners during multimodal testing, suggesting increased difficulty in integrating information across modalities. Performance for both groups improved with higher interruption rates for both text and speech in unimodal and multimodal conditions. Listeners were also able t...
Other Factor Applications: Profile Analysis

This chapter discusses Q technique. Stephenson, 1936, introduced the possibility of analyzing correlations among people across stimuli in which the stimuli had been normalized previously to remove arbitrary differences in means and standard deviations in the original measurements. When such an analysis is carried out using the Pearson correlation coefficient, it is said to be an example of the Q technique. The factors derived are theoretical constructs that identify types of persons who respond more or less identically to certain characteristics in the stimulus set. In this kind of analysis, it is necessary to include several persons of each type to be isolated who will show similar profiles of response to the stimuli. The stimulus set must be chosen to include those variables that represent the high and low points on the profiles.
Probing spatial variation of the fine-structure constant using the CMB

The fine-structure constant, $\ensuremath{\alpha}$, controls the strength of the electromagnetic interaction. There are extensions of the standard model in which $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ is dynamical on cosmological length and time scales. The physics of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) depends on the value of $\ensuremath{\alpha}$. The effects of spatial variation in $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ on the CMB are similar to those produced by weak lensing: smoothing of the power spectrum, and generation of non-Gaussian features. These would induce a bias to estimates of the weak-lensing potential power spectrum of the CMB. Using this effect, Planck measurements of the temperature and polarization power spectrum, as well as estimates of CMB lensing, are used to place limits (95% C.L.) on the amplitude of a scale-invariant angular power spectrum of $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ fluctuations relative to the mean value (${C}_{L}^{\ensuremath{\alpha}}={A}_{\mathrm{SI}}^{\ensuremath{\alpha}}/[L(L+1)]$) of ${A}_{\mathrm{SI}}^{\ensuremath{\alpha}}\ensuremath{\le}1.6\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$. The limits depend on the assumed shape of the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-fluctuation power spectrum. For example, for a white-noise angular power spectrum (${C}_{L}^{\ensuremath{\alpha}}={A}_{\mathrm{WN}}^{\ensuremath{\alpha}}$), the limit is ${A}_{\mathrm{WN}}^{\ensuremath{\alpha}}\ensuremath{\le}2.3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}8}$. It is found that the response of the CMB to $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ fluctuations depends on a separate-universe approximation, such that theoretical predictions are only reliable for $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ multipoles with $L\ensuremath{\lesssim}100$. An optimal trispectrum estimator can be constructed and it is found that it is only marginally more sensitive than lensing techniques for Planck but significantly more sensitive when considering the next generation of experiments. For a future CMB experiment with cosmic-variance limited polarization sensitivity (e.g., CMB-S4), the optimal estimator could detect $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ fluctuations with ${A}_{\mathrm{SI}}^{\ensuremath{\alpha}}g1.9\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ and ${A}_{\mathrm{WN}}^{\ensuremath{\alpha}}g1.4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}9}$.
Examining the Mentoring Approaches of African-American Mentors

Understanding and identifying the mentoring approaches of African-American mentors may shed light on practices that can be implemented in higher education to help increase the number of underrepresented minority (URM) graduates. This exploratory research seeks to identify the mentoring approaches that African-American mentors use to help their African-American undergraduate proteges persist and succeed in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) majors. Multiple interviews were conducted with ten African-American mentors from academia, government, and industry/non-profit sectors. Using an interpretivist lens, interview transcripts were thematically coded and analyzed to produce the most emergent themes about mentoring approaches. Findings indicate mentors use familial, guidance and resource acquisition, and empathetic mentoring approaches. These approaches promote the development of proteges’ sense of community and STEM identities to support student persistence. The intent of this study is to establish a foundation for future research to examine and identify the characteristics of mentoring practices and approaches that may assist URMs pursuing STEM degrees.
Variability in calcium/magnesium (CaMg) use for prevention of oxaliplatin-associated neuropathy.

e14644 Background: A retrospective analysis published in June 2004 suggested that patients who received intravenous calcium/magnesium (CaMg) were less likely to experience oxaliplatin-induced neuro...
Complexity of Regex Crosswords

In a regular expression crossword puzzle, one is given two non-empty lists \(\langle {} \langle {} R_1,\ldots , R_m \rangle {}\) and \(\langle {} C_1, \ldots , C_n \rangle {} \rangle {}\) over some alphabet, and the challenge is to fill in an \(m\times n\) grid of characters such that the string formed by the \(i^\text {th}\) row is in \(L(R_i)\) and the string in the \(j^\text {th}\) column is in \(L(C_j)\). We consider a restriction of this puzzle where all the \(R_i\) are equal to one another and similarly the \(C_j\). We consider a 2-player version of this puzzle, showing it to be Open image in new window -complete. Using a reduction from Open image in new window , we also give a new, simple proof of the known result that the existence problem of a solution for the restricted (1-player) puzzle is Open image in new window -complete.
A method for analyzing instructors’ purposeful modifications to research-based instructional strategies

Numerous studies in the literature describe the effectiveness of research-based instructional strategies (RBIS) in the postsecondary STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) context. Many of these studies are predicated on the assumption that instructors implement the RBIS exactly as is intended by the developers. However, by necessity, instructors modify the RBIS to suit their needs and to best support their students. The purpose of this commentary is to describe a framework (Modification Identification Framework) and method (Revealed Causal Mapping) for classifying modifications instructors make to an RBIS as they implement it in their course and identify the reasons why instructors make these modifications. As the MIF was developed in the healthcare field, we altered and extended it to be suitable for educational settings. We then demonstrate the usefulness of the framework and method through an extended sample study of instructors’ modifications to the Student-Centered Active Learning Environment with Upside-Down Pedagogies (SCALE-UP) model in introductory physics. In general, the findings from investigations with the Modification Identification Framework and Revealed Causal Mapping can be used to identify what experiences lead instructors to modify certain aspects of RBIS. These findings can aid curriculum developers in creating supports for instructors so they can make changes in line with the underlying structure and theory of the RBIS.
Nonlinear Phenomena in Turbo Decoding Algorithms

The turbo decoding algorithm is a high-dimensional dynamical system parameterized by a large number of parameters (for a practical realization the turbo decoding algorithm has more than 103 variables and is parameterized by more than 103 parameters). In this chapter we treat the turbo decoding algorithm as a dynamical system parameterized by a single parameter that closely approximates the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). A whole range of phenomena known to occur in nonlinear systems, such as the existence of multiple fixed points, oscillatory behavior, bifurcations, chaos, and transient chaos are found in the turbo decoding algorithm. We develop a simple technique to control transient chaos in the turbo decoding algorithm and improve the performance of the standard turbo codes.
Out of the Box: Positive Development & Social Change Through the Arts

As a part of its collaboration with the Born This Way Foundation, the Berkman Center is publishing on this website a series of papers that synthesize existing peer-reviewed research or equivalent scholarship and provide research-grounded insight to the variety of stakeholders working on issues related to youth empowerment and action towards creating a kinder, braver world. This series, called the The Kinder & Braver World Project: Research Series (danah boyd, John Palfrey, and Dena Sacco, editors), is presented by the Born This Way Foundation & the Berkman Center for Internet and Society at Harvard University, and supported by the John D. & Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation. This set of papers involves topics related to the Role of Youth Organizations and Youth Movements for Social Change.From early childhood to adolescence, the arts can foster youth movements for social change through positive development. Students who experience high levels of arts enrichment show greater academic performance, enrollment in and graduation from high school and college, civic and community service, news consumption, and engagement in local politics. Moreover, participation in the arts — even as a spectator — predicts increases in civic engagement, tolerance and altruism, regardless of age, race, or education. One of the ways in which the arts promote positive development is through opportunities for social-emotional learning. The social-emotional value of the arts is important because these needs are central to behavior, and social-emotional skill building contributes to a healthier social and learning environment.The arts are a powerful vehicle for social-emotional learning because they have universal appeal and allow for group participation by persons of all abilities and cultures. Shared creative experiences can facilitate insight and empathy, which enable changing perceptions of self and others, social connection, and individual and collective empowerment. Furthermore, group-based arts activities can be implemented in school and recreational settings where most youth can be found.
Agenda-setting in the realm of popular culture: The case of the Korean Wave in East Asia:

The spread of South Korean popular culture across the globe, known as the Korean Wave, has signalled a significant challenge towards the traditional one-way flow of media culture. This study applie...
Transient solutions for the angular dependence of acoustical transmitters and receivers employing paraboloidal reflectors

Time-domain solutions are presented for the angular dependence of waveforms in the far field of a point source at the focus of a rigid paraboloidal reflector, and also for waveforms at the focus as a function of the direction of a plane wave incident on the reflector. The main restriction is that the wavelength is small in relation to both the radius of the aperture and the minimum radius of curvature of the reflector, conditions which are satisfied for reflectors with appreciable gain. The solution in the far field due to a point source at the focus is related by the principle of reciprocity to the solution at the focus due to an incident plane wave. Both solutions are expressed as the convolution of an explicit expression for the unit step response with the time derivative of the pressure waveform incident on the reflector. Results are presented illustrating the angular dependence of the reflected pressure waveforms at the focus due to incident N waves and tone bursts.
Optimizing delivery to meet demand for integrative medicine services in an academic hospital setting: A pilot study.

Abstract Context A rapidly growing body of evidence shows the positive benefits of integrative medicine (IM) services for patients in hospital-based settings. IM therapies, such as acupuncture, massage, meditation and relaxation, and animal-assisted therapy, reduce symptom burden of pain, anxiety, and stress and increase sense of well-being and satisfaction in hospitalized patients. Current challenges facing hospitals are to move beyond proof-of-concept studies and to provide hospital-based IM therapies. Objective The aim of our quality improvement project was to develop, implement, and evaluate a feasible, scalable, hospital-based “best practice” model for increasing demand for IM services and optimizing their delivery. Design A multidisciplinary team convened to use quality improvement tools to outline a process for providing IM services. Setting A large academic medical center in the Midwestern United States. Participants IM leadership staff, IM providers, nurses, hospital team members, support staff, and quality improvement staff. Interventions After determining baseline levels of demand and service delivery, we sought to (1) increase nursing staff awareness of available IM services; (2) improve communication between IM providers and nurses; and (3) reinforce communication at the level of nurse supervisors, patients, and family members. Main Outcome Measures We recorded the numbers and types of IM services ordered at baseline and postimplementation and determined the new delivery rate of requested services. Results We noted an increase in the number of IM orders, percentage of delivered IM services, and percentage of patients who reported that IM services improved their hospital stay.
The diagnostic utility of next-generation sequencing on FNA biopsies of melanocytic uveal lesions

Background Uveal melanoma is highly aggressive, and overall prognosis depends on mutation status. Fine-needle aspiration biopsies (FNABs) play an important role in obtaining fresh tissue for cytologic diagnosis and molecular studies. It has been suggested that, although FNAB usually provides high diagnostic accuracy, there may be limited cellularity, which may compromise diagnostic potential for molecular studies. FNABs of uveal melanocytic lesions were evaluated to assess sample adequacy for both cytologic evaluation and next-generation sequencing (NGS). Methods The authors retrospectively evaluated 36 cases of melanocytic uveal lesions from 2015 to 2018. Samples were obtained by ophthalmologist-performed FNAB and aliquoted for cytology and NGS. Various combinations of direct smears, liquid-based cytology slides, cell blocks, and immunohistochemical stains for melanocytic markers were performed. All samples were tested for molecular alterations using hybrid-capture-based NGS. Results There was sufficient material for cytologic diagnosis in 33 of 36 cases (92%), for NGS testing in 30 of 36 cases (83%), and for both cytologic diagnosis and NGS testing in 28 of 36 cases (78%). Of 7 cases that were cytologically categorized as indeterminate or diagnosed as "atypical" or "nondiagnostic," NGS testing was sufficient and diagnostic for melanoma in 5 cases. Of the cases diagnosed as melanoma on pathology, 20 cases (87%) had concordant NGS testing results, 2 lacked molecular alterations, and 1 was insufficient for testing. Conclusions FNA sampling of melanocytic uveal lesions is adequate for both cytologic diagnosis and NGS testing. In a subset of cases in which pathologic findings were indeterminate, NGS testing results were clarifying for diagnosis. In addition, specific molecular alterations identified can aid in evaluating prognosis and guide further management.
The Aesthetics of Hunger: A Postcolonial Reading of Violence in Latin America / A estética da fome: uma leitura pós-colonial de violência na América Latina

Abstract: This study addresses Lope de Aguirre’s Letter to the King as one of the innumerous materials that relates to the aesthetics of hunger in Glauber Rocha’s work. The writing of the letter itself is a document of resistance through Andean as well as Amazonian territories: against institutional power, religious values, justice, and corruption. In doing so, the letter shares the main characteristics present in the works of art produced by Glauber Rocha during Cinema Novo. This means that the aesthetics of hunger should be understood as an atemporal response to historical and structural violence, instead of an aesthetical phenomenon limited to the context of Cinema Novo in Brazil. In more practical terms, this investigation identifies the mechanisms of the aesthetics of hunger in Lope de Aguirre’s Letter to the King . It demonstrates that such aesthetics is a collective recurrent phenomenon in Latin America’s history since its colonization. The aesthetics of hunger, thus, contests not only the work of art in the 20th century through Cinema Novo, or the tradition of foundational documents (travel chronicles) in the late 1400s and early 1500s, but most importantly, it allows literary criticism to approach the matter of hunger as a counterpoint to – not a form of subjugation by – (post)colonial practices. Keywords: hunger; Andean; Amazonian; violence; Latin America. Resumo: Este estudo aborda a Carta de Lope de Aguirre ao Rei como um dos inumeros materiais que dialogam com a estetica da fome na obra de Glauber Rocha. A redacao da carta em si mesma e um documento de resistencia nos territorios andinos e amazonicos: contra o poder institucional, valores religiosos, justica e corrupcao. Portanto, a carta compartilha as principais caracteristicas presentes nas obras de arte produzidas por Glauber Rocha durante o Cinema Novo. O que isto significa e que a estetica da fome deve ser entendida como uma resposta atemporal a violencia historica e estrutural, em vez de um fenomeno estetico limitado ao contexto do Cinema Novo no Brasil. Em termos mais praticos, esta investigacao identificara os mecanismos da estetica da fome na Carta de Lope de Aguirre ao Rei . A analise em questao demonstra que tal estetica e um fenomeno recorrente e coletivo na historia da America Latina desde sua colonizacao. A estetica da fome, portanto, contesta nao apenas a obra de arte do seculo XX atraves do Cinema Novo, ou a tradicao de documentos fundacionais (cronicas de viagem) no final de 1400 e inicio de 1500, mas permite, para alem disso, que a critica literaria aborde a questao da fome como um contraponto a – nao uma forma de subjugacao por – praticas (pos)coloniais. Palavras-chave: fome; andinos; amazonicos; violencia; America Latina.
Association Awareness: Pedagogically Reframing Difficult Dialogues

Most post-secondary institutions implement diversity initiatives to create safe, welcoming, and inclusive environments for all campus constituents. Faculty can proactively encourage dialogue by intentionally facilitating workshops where students have courageous conversations on challenging topics such as prejudice, discrimination, biases, and microaggressions. These difficult topics, conscious or unconscious, have historically plagued society and are displayed on college campuses. Allowing faculty to facilitate these necessary discussions benefits the campus twofold: Students are able to view faculty as social justice resources and the institutions are able to leverage resources by utilizing existing personnel, ultimately increasing diversity sustainability efforts. Association Awareness was a faculty led workshop to explore a student’s implicit biases. The workshop was designed to uncover student biases in hopes of proactively changing their perspectives and advancing cultural awareness. Campus faculty from different demographic backgrounds and academic disciplines facilitated the two-part workshop. During the workshop, participants engaged in a brief implicit bias introduction, took the Implicit Association Test (IAT), and lastly discussed their results with peers. Through self-reflection and guided dialogue, participants could challenge assumptions about bias. In this essay, the authors will: (1) explain the challenge of facilitating difficult dialogue and (2) share an innovative pedagogical model employed to have courageous conversations on implicit bias.
Gabapentin for presumed neuropathic ocular pain.

Abstract Purpose To report a case of chronic neuropathic ocular pain in a patient without visual complaints. Observations A 37-year-old male with a history of bilateral laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) presented with pain symptoms of 8 months duration in the left eye. The prior LASIK surgery was complicated by corneal ectasia in the left eye requiring penetrating keratoplasty and subsequent placement of a glaucoma drainage implant for uncontrolled, elevated intraocular pressure. The patient was evaluated with a complete clinical examination, including Goldmann applanation tonometry, dilated fundus examination, fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. After 3 weeks of treatment with gabapentin 300 mg BID, the patient reported complete resolution of the ocular pain. Conclusions and Importance The pathophysiology of neuropathic ocular pain remains poorly understood. Clinical evaluation often reveals minimal ophthalmic exam findings, leading to an underdiagnosis of the condition by ophthalmologists. Gabapentin may be an underutilized medication in the treatment of chronic ocular pain.
Factors affecting the spatial density of longleaf pine plantations under the Conservation Reserve Program in Georgia, United States

Abstract Several initiatives are promoting longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) restoration in the Southern United States for conserving biodiversity and mitigating climate change. Under the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), landowners plant longleaf pine on farmlands and pasturelands in exchange for annual payments and other financial incentives. While the introduction of this program was an important step towards longleaf pine restoration, there exists a necessity to understand how the decisions of landowners to enroll in CRP are manifested over space. An understanding about the role of a range of factors on the spatial density of longleaf pine plantations enrolled under CRP would help in prioritizing locations for longleaf pine plantations, thereby increasing the efficacy of conservation-related resources. We evaluate the effects of socioeconomic, topographic, and distance variables on the spatial density of longleaf plantations enrolled under CRP using clustered point process model in Georgia, a state with 47% of the total acreage under CRP-supported longleaf plantations. Only 30% of the current longleaf pine locations under CRP were within the Significant Geographic Area. About 86% of current longleaf plantations under CRP are present on former croplands and pasturelands. The spatial density of longleaf pine plantations is negatively associated with the distance from cropland and pastureland and positively associated with land capability classes, and distance from the sawmills. Longleaf pine restoration efforts should focus on those croplands or pasturelands which are closer to existing CRP-supported plantations, located on lower soil capability classes, and are far from wood consuming mills. Our study would support current programs that are supporting longleaf pine restoration in the Southern United States.
MTopsOREDC: M Tops KNN for Online Reinforced Electric Device Classification

Home and commercial energy management systems (HEMS and CEMS) are increasingly dependent upon fine grained analysis of device level consumption for visualization, demand side management(DSM), and long term diagnostics. Nonintrusive load monitoring (NILM) provides the means to provide this analysis without the need for intrusive and costly device level monitoring. Based on device profiles different approaches have using either high frequency voltage-current (VI) data or low frequency power data to disaggregate the loads. In this study we report the results of using a reinforcement hybrid approach using both high frequency VI and low frequency power data in a unique voting mechanism. We show that by this hybridization and reinforcement we are able to identify a wider verity of devices. Results show that through this strategy we can achieve increase the accuracy from 95 % to 98 % in standard datasets.
Abstract WP44: Less Infarct Volume Growth in Early Window Mechanical Thrombectomy Compared to Late Window in Emergent Large Vessel Occlusion

Background: While clearly beneficial based on outcome analysis, there has been limited data regarding prevention of further infarct growth in late (6-24 hour) compared to the early window (<6 hour)...
Matched Delegation: When the Leader Delegates the Right Tasks, How does the Team Benefit?

Delegation research has traditionally focused on delegation as a whole—how much or how little a leader or supervisor is willing to allocate tasks to their subordinates. Although past research has i...
FastCount: a fast gene count software for single-cell RNA-seq data

Motivation: The advent of single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) enables scientists to characterize the transcriptomic response of cells under different conditions and understand expression heterogeneity at single cell level. One of the fundamental steps in scRNA-seq analysis is to summarize raw sequencing reads into a list of gene counts for each individual cell. However, this step remains to be most time-consuming and resource intensive in the analysis workflow due to the large amount of data produced in a scRNA-seq experiment. It is further complicated by the special handling of cell barcodes and unique molecular identifiers (UMIs) information in the read sequences. For example, the gene count summarization of 10X Chromium sequencing by standard Cell Ranger count often takes many hours to finish when running on a computing cluster. Although several alignment-free algorithms have been developed to improve efficiency, their derived gene count suffer from poor concordance with Cell Ranger count and algorithm-specific bias[1]. Results: In this work, we present a light-weight k-mer based gene count algorithm, FastCount, to support efficient UMI counts from single cell RNA-seq data. We demonstrate that FastCount is over an order of magnitude faster than Cell Ranger count while achieving competitive accuracy on 10X Genomics single cell RNA-seq data. FastCount is a stand-alone program implemented in C++. The source code is located at https://bitbucket.org/merckey/fastcount/.
Sowing the Seeds of Protection

Seeds are chattel. As such, seeds are protectable by the same tapestry of public and private ordering as other forms of chattel. However, the distinguishing characteristic of seeds, their method of propagation, and the history of seeds — traditionally viewed as a public good rather than chattel — distort that tapestry. The model of seed distribution thus needs to be reframed in light of the often disparate interests of innovators, producers, and consumers. As with all chattel, there is no single, correct model for distributing seeds, but law and contract may be woven together to strike a balance.
Playing the HMO Language Game

In emergency situations, patients who belong to one managed care organization are not rarely admitted to hospitals outside of those “recognized” by the organization to which the patient has subscribed or been assigned. In such situations every attempt is made by the managed care organization to which the patient is said to “belong” to effect a transfer from the admitting hospital to the particular “preferred provider” facility (PPO) of the health care organization or managed care plan. The managed care system calls this procedure “repatriation.” Pressure is brought to bear on the admitting hospital to transfer such patients at the first possible moment—sometimes with life sustaining equipment in place—and always in the middle of treatment. Such transfers are often against patients’ wishes. More importantly, because of the disruption in the continuity of professional caregivers they necessitate such transfers are also often against patients’ best interests. These disruptions are especially troubling when they occur within teaching hospitals where, in addition to being burdensome for patients, they hamper progress in research and in teaching and learning for both students and faculty alike.
Peripheral CD4 T Cells Rapidly Accumulate at the Host:Parasite Interface during an Inflammatory Th2 Memory Response

Memory peripheral Th2 immune responses to infectious pathogens are not well studied due to the lack of suitable models and the difficulty of assessing Th2 cytokine expression at sites of inflammation. We have examined the localized immune response to a nematode parasite that encysts in the small intestine. An unexpected architecture was observed on day 4 of the memory response, with granulocytes and macrophages infiltrating the cyst and CD4(+), TCR-alphabeta(+) T cells surrounding the cyst. Laser capture microdissection analysis showed a pronounced CD4-dependent Th2 cytokine pattern at the cyst region only during the memory response, demonstrating that the Th2 memory response is readily distinguished from the primary response by the rapid accumulation of Th2 effector cells at the host:parasite interface.
Dangerous Waters and Brave Space: A Critical Feminist Inquiry of Campus LGBTQ Centers

Grounded in critical feminisms, this study examines lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) centers at public universities in the context of the regulating discourse of homonormative whiteness. Homonormative whiteness refers to dominant norms that constitute the queer body as White and male, positioning static ideas of whiteness and masculinity as normative. Interviews, including the use of mental maps, were conducted with 12 primary leaders at six campus LGBTQ centers. Findings signal three primary functions of LGBTQ centers: safety, legitimacy, and advocacy. Each function is situated in relation to the degree to which these centers spatially or discursively reproduce, resist, and/or transform homonormative whiteness. Taken together, these findings suggest a dynamic and context-specific understanding of the ways and reasons LGBTQ center leaders will act or otherwise shape the space and discourse of the center in ways that collude with or transform systems of power and dominance. Implicatio...
Automatic Identification of Embedded Structure in Large-Scale Optimization Models

appears in Large-Scale Linear Programming, eds. Dantzig, G., et al., IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria, pp. 89-93.
The application of GPS for weed investigation in winter wheat field

The application of GPS for weed investigation was introduced in this paper. The different scouting approaches for weeds in fields are presented. Two kinds of systems which are included in investigation are analyzed. There are four ways of making field investigation for weed relative information of density and position. The quick assessment is very fast and easy to implement. It works for perennial weeds. The regular grid sampling is a way that can be adopted by farmer for weed scouting, but it sometimes is time and labor consuming. The way of sampling at harvest is a map that is matched to the yield map, but it is an ℌafter the factℍ. Adaptive sampling using aerial imagery can offer a potential way for weed investigation. There is an example of weed investigation in winter wheat field showed the weed distribution of position and varieties.
Properties of Soil in the San Fernando Hydraulic Fill Dams

Results are presented of extensive field and laboratory tests on soils from two old hydraulic fill dams that were damaged during the February 9, 1971 San Fernando earthquake. The data include standard penetration, absolute and relative compaction, relative density, static strength, and cyclic triaxial test results for both the hydraulic fill silty sand and the natural silty and gravelly sand alluvium. The relative densities of the hydraulics fills ranged from about 51%-58% and the relative compaction ranged from about 85%-92% of Modified AASHO maximum density. The relative density of the alluvium was about 65%-70%. Other properties were consistent with previously published data from other similar soils at similar densities.
Physical Education and Social Behavior

(1935). Physical Education and Social Behavior. The Journal of Health and Physical Education: Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 15-52.
Microscale Bioanalytical Systems

Microfluidic phenomena are present in all of nature9s exquisitely designed biological systems. Without microfluidic channels and diffusion transport systems, life as we know it would not be possible (1). Manmade microfluidic systems have been made possible by microfabrication methods developed for the electronics industry. Microfluidic systems are of intense interest due to their characteristic controlled mixing that expedites chemical reactions, reduced consumption of expensive materials, high sensitivity, and efficient product yields. In this article, we aim to share a summary of the applications and design of microfluidic devices.