cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
KIF17 stabilizes microtubules and contributes to epithelial morphogenesis by acting at MT plus ends with EB1 and APC

Epithelial polarization is associated with selective stabilization and reorganization of microtubule (MT) arrays. However, upstream events and downstream consequences of MT stabilization during epithelial morphogenesis are still unclear. We show that the anterograde kinesin KIF17 localizes to MT plus ends, stabilizes MTs, and affects epithelial architecture. Targeting of KIF17 to plus ends of growing MTs requires kinesin motor activity and interaction with EB1. In turn, KIF17 participates in localizing adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) to the plus ends of a subset of MTs. We found that KIF17 affects MT dynamics, polymerization rates, and MT plus end stabilization to generate posttranslationally acetylated MTs. Depletion of KIF17 from cells growing in three-dimensional matrices results in aberrant epithelial cysts that fail to generate a single central lumen and to polarize apical markers. These findings implicate KIF17 in MT stabilization events that contribute to epithelial polarization and morphogenesis.
Public Agency Hiring, Minimum Qualifications, and Experience:

Public administrators engage all aspects of a community and need to be skillful in working with elected officials, citizens, business groups, and government employees who make things happen. Minimum qualifications, which act as a primary screening device for applicants and hiring agencies, are based in part on assumptions of the value of education and experience, but those assumptions deserve more consideration given their role in agency staffing. This paper sheds light on the value of hiring new employees with substantial public sector experience versus those with little or no work history. We use a two-stage qualitative study that asks managers what benefits and characteristics they expect when hiring experienced individuals. We subsequently test those assumptions by giving in-service and preservice public affairs graduate students a realistic problem to solve in an area where none have experience. Their responses highlight the validity of assumptions behind minimum qualifications and differences one mi...
Viral evasion of natural killer cells

Viruses have evolved mechanisms to avoid the host immune system, including means of escaping detection by both the innate and adaptive immune responses. Natural killer (NK) cells are a central component of the innate immune system and are crucial in defense against certain viruses. To attain a state of chronic infection, some successful viruses have developed specific mechanisms to evade detection by and activation of NK cells. These NK cell-specific evasion mechanisms fall into distinct mechanistic categories used in numerous virus families.
On transformations from UML models to object-relational databases

In this paper we consider the problems of transforming UML models into object-relational databases, which consist of static aspects and dynamic aspects. For the static aspects of the database, we first remove semantically overloaded elements, and then our algorithms generate Nested Normal Form nested tables. For the dynamic aspects of the database, we show how to map statechart diagrams into triggers. We begin our analysis of a statechart that potentially leads to nontermination of execution. We pay attention to the events, conditions, and actions of the transitions of states in the given statechart. Further we investigate the properties of confluence and observable determinism of the generated triggers.
A GRADUATE LEVEL SERVICE COURSE IN NONPARAMETRIC METHODS: THE TECHNIQUE OF SUBJECT MATTER REPORTS USING A COMPUTER PACKAGE

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the evolution of a routine service course in nonparametric methods, into a dynamic, hands-on course in statistical usage, still centered on nonparametries, but integrated into a combination of exploratory analysis and parametric statistics. The course is intended for non-statistics graduate students with a minimum background of two quarters in classical methods. In its present form, it has kindled interest and even excitement in statistics among students from a wide variety of applications areas—business, engineering, forestry, and others. The evidence is the dramatically increased enrollment, recent adoption by several departments as a required course, and written comments from students. The following are the three tangible keys to the success of the course: (1) the reports—being able to work on problems and data in their own field, even their own research data, greatly increases students perception of the relevancy of statistics; (2) the integrated approach—simultaneously working with exploratory, parametric, and nonparametric procedures, and the relevant assumptions makes clear the need for alternative approaches and eliminates the plug and grind impression of statistics, in favor of a dynamic decision-making process; (3) the computer package—basically makes the process workable by eliminating the time-consuming drudgery or calculations, permitting inclusion of advanced nonparametric procedures, which are otherwise essentially impossible to carry out on large data sets.
Effect of corticotrophin on guinea pig plasma corticosteroids.

ConclusionThe plasma corticosteroid content of the guinea pig offers a suitable means for evaluating the potency of adrenocorticotrophic hormone, and also the menstrua which may be useful in extending the physiological or pharmacological effect of this hormone.Summary. The response of the guinea pig to exogenous adrenocorticotrophin was determined using plasma steroid concentration as criteria of response. Average steroid concentration for 50 untreated male guinea pigs was 43 ± 1.7. A graded response was obtained after corticotrophin administration which when plotted yielded a straight line with a slope adequate to determine differences between a 1 1/2 to 3-fold increment in dose. Comparison of corticotrophin administered subcutaneously in a gelatin menstruum with that administered in water showed a 2–3 time greater activity when gelatin is employed as a menstruum than when the hormone is dissolved in water. This is in accord with findings in the rat using the adrenal ascorbic acid depletion as a measure ...
Pricing Mortgages: Endogenous Interest Rate and Leverage

Mortgages are priced alone two dimensions – the interest rate and the leverage. This paper develops a simple model of a mortgage contract, in which differences in the borrower and the lender’s risk preference jointly determine the equilibrium interest rate and leverage. This model provides novel predictions, including counter-cyclical leverage of real estate: loan to value ratios of newly generated mortgages should be higher when property values are lower. Co-integration tests on commercial mortgage data provide generally supporting evidence for the predictions, and the evidence on counter-cyclical leverage is very strong both statistically and economically.
Evolution and regression of aortic fatty streaks in rhesus monkeys.

The rhesus monkey, Macaca mulatta, has now been used extensively in atherosclerosis research to study both the development of experimental arterial lesions and the regression of these lesions. Recent reviews by Armstrong (1) and Strong (2,3) have included material on the evolution and regression of experimental atherosclerosis in rhesus monkeys. This report will be confined to aortic lesions in the rhesus monkey model. The aorta is chosen for special emphasis because it is large enough to be studied by both morphologic and chemical methods in a single animal.
The role of TLR7 in spontaneous germinal center formation and the development of autoimmunity

S germinal center (Spt-GC) B cells and follicular helper T cells (Tfh) generate high affinity autoantibodies involved in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Toll like receptors (TLRs) play a pivotal role in SLE pathogenesis. While previous studies have focused on the B cell intrinsic role of TLR-MyD88 signaling on immune activation, autoantibody repertoire and systemic inflammation, a thorough investigation of the mechanisms by which TLRs control the formation of Spt-GCs remains unclear. Using non-autoimmune C57BL/6 (B6) mice deficient in MyD88, TLR2, 3, 4, 7 or 9, we identified B cell-intrinsic TLR7 signaling as a prerequisite to Spt-GC formation without the confounding effects of autoimmune susceptibility genes and the overexpression of TLRs. TLR7 deficiency also rendered autoimmune B6. Sle1b mice unable to form Spt-GCs, leading to markedly decreased autoantibodies. Conversely, B6.yaa and B6.Sle1b.yaa mice expressing an extra copy of TLR7 and B6.Sle1b mice treated with aTLR7 agonist had increased Spt-GCs and Tfh. Further, TLR7/ MyD88 deficiency led to compromised B cell proliferation and survival after B cell stimulation both in vitro and in vivo. In contrast, TLR9 inhibited Spt-GC development. Our findings demonstrate an absolute requirement of TLR7 and anegative regulatory function for TLR9 in Spt-GC formation under non-autoimmune and autoimmune conditions. Our data suggest that, under non-autoimmune conditions, Spt-GCs initiated by TLR7 produce protective antibodies. However, in the presence of autoimmune susceptibility genes TLR7 dependent Spt-GCs produce pathogenic autoantibodies. Thus, a single copy of TLR7 in B cells is the minimal requirement for breaking the GC-tolerance checkpoint.
Comprehensive School Health Education as defined by the National Professional School Health Education Organizations

Abstract The idea for this definition of Comprehensive School Health Education originated at the National Conference on Promoting Health Through the Schools held in Denver August 25–26, 1980. Representatives of several professional school health education organizations at that conference formed a committee which met in San Francisco February 12–13, 1981, to develop a definition that could be sanctioned by the profession. Their first draft was further refined at a subsequent meeting on August 2–3, 1982. Funding for both meetings was provided by the National Center for Health Education. The second draft has undergone extensive revision from members and officers of the representative school health professional organizations. It is presented here as a service and stimulation to professional health educators with the recognition that over time revisions will (and should) occur.
Multidisciplinary sleep clinic: A patient-centered approach

This letter describes how Tripler Army Medical Center Multidisciplinary Sleep Clinic (TAMC Multi-D Sleep Clinic) was established and how it has evolved over the years. This clinic is specifically d...
Parent-Reported Penicillin Allergy Symptoms in the Pediatric Emergency Department

Abstract Objective Children often present to the pediatric emergency department (ED) with a reported penicillin allergy. The true incidence of pediatric penicillin allergy is low, and patients may be inappropriately denied first-line antibiotics. We hypothesized that more than 70% of reported penicillin allergies in the pediatric ED are low risk for true allergy. Methods Parents of children presenting to the pediatric ED with parent-reported penicillin allergy completed an allergy questionnaire. The questionnaire included age at allergy diagnosis, symptoms of allergy, and time to allergic reaction from first dose. The allergy symptoms were dichotomized into high and low risk in consultation with a pediatric allergist before questionnaire implementation. Results A total of 605 parents were approached; 500 (82.6%) completed the survey. The median (interquartile range) age of the children at diagnosis was 1 year (7 months, 2 years); 75% were diagnosed before their third birthday. Overall, 380 (76%) (95% confidence interval 72.3, 79.7) children had exclusively low-risk symptoms. The most commonly reported symptoms were rash (466, 92.8%) and itching (203, 40.6%). Of the 120 children with one or more high-risk symptom, facial swelling (50, 10%) was the most common. Overall, 354 children (71%) were diagnosed after their first exposure to penicillin. Symptom onset within 24 hours of medication administration occurred in 274 children (54.8%). Conclusions Seventy-six percent of patients with parent-reported penicillin allergy have symptoms unlikely to be consistent with true allergy. Determination of true penicillin allergy in patients with low-risk symptoms may permit the increased use of first-line penicillin antibiotics.
Computer integrated manufacturing: a survey of concepts

A brief introduction to computer integrated manufacturing is given. The different components of computer integrated manufacturing, where they are located, and their availability to the business are discussed. In addition, we examine why companies do not automate and discuss the reasons why a company should implement CIM. Several strategies businesses can take to integrate computers into their company are also discussed. Finally, we examine several actual cases of CIM implementation.
Workload-aware ASIC flow for lifetime improvement of multi-core IoT processors

Next-generation, multi-core Internet of Things (IoT) processors use advanced technology nodes that have increased reliability issues such as Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI). Run-time feedback reliability mechanisms used on current multi-core processors incur too much area and power overhead leading to limited design space for IoT applications. In the typical ASIC design flow, switching activity files are used in order to model the reliability-driven performance loss. However, for multi-core ASIC design, the typical switching activity files lack multi-threaded software workload information thus lacking representation of modern workloads. The exact switching activity for a multi-core design can be established using a logic simulator, which captures the scheduling and execution order of multi-threaded workloads but suffer from long run times when dealing with real workloads. This paper proposes a method to obtain multi-threaded switching activity signatures in a short period of time using a performance (gem5) and a logic simulator (VCS) for IoT applications. These switching activity files are compiled into a workload signature and through this work, maintain compatibility with design tools. This workload signature is used in the standard ASIC design flow for lifetime improvement by mitigating the reliability issues such as NBTI at design-time. Experiments are performed using real workloads on an OpenSPARC T1 core. The default-sized T1 core is improved to have a reliability increase of 4.1×, leading to a desired reliability time of 10 years.
The best of both worlds: Avatar-assisted therapy offers the benefits of therapist-assisted and Internet-based interventions

Avatar-assisted therapy (AAT) for substance use disorders is the focus of an interesting article by Gordon et al. (1), which appears in the current issue of the American Journal of Drug and Alcohol...
A rural/urban comparison of privacy and confidentiality concerns associated with providing sensitive location information in epidemiologic research involving persons who use drugs

Abstract Background Analyses that link contextual factors with individual-level data can improve our understanding of the “risk environment”; however, the accuracy of information provided by participants about locations where illegal/stigmatized behaviors occur may be influenced by privacy/confidentiality concerns that may vary by setting and/or data collection approach. Methods We recruited thirty-five persons who use drugs from a rural Appalachian town and a Mid-Atlantic city to participate in in-depth interviews. Through thematic analyses, we identified and compared privacy/confidentiality concerns associated with two survey methods that (1) collect self-reported addresses/cross-streets and (2) use an interactive web-based map to find/confirm locations in rural and urban settings. Results Concerns differed more by setting than between methods. For example, (1) rural participants valued interviewer rapport and protections provided by the Certificate of Confidentiality more; (2) locations considered to be sensitive differed in rural (i.e., others' homes) and urban (i.e., where drugs were used) settings; and (3) urban participants were more likely to view providing cross-streets as an acceptable alternative to providing exact addresses for sensitive locations and to prefer the web-based map approach. Conclusion Rural-urban differences in privacy/confidentiality concerns reflect contextual differences (i.e., where drugs are used/purchased, population density, and prior drug-related arrests). Strategies to alleviate concerns include: (1) obtain a Certificate of Confidentiality, (2) collect geographic data at the scale necessary for proposed analyses, and (3) permit participants to provide intersections/landmarks in close proximity to actual locations rather than exact addresses or to skip questions where providing an intersection/landmark would not obfuscate the actual address.
Outcomes of Telemedicine Video-Conferencing Clinic Versus In-Person Clinic Follow-Up for Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Recipients.

Background:Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) recipients require close follow-up that can be difficult for patients who have to travel long distances for clinic follow-up. We aimed to com...
Modeling and calibration of high-order joint-dependent kinematic errors for industrial robots

Abstract Robot positioning accuracy is critically important in many manufacturing applications. While geometric errors such as imprecise link length and assembly misalignment dominate positioning errors in industrial robots, significant errors also arise from non-uniformities in bearing systems and strain wave gearings. These errors are characteristically more complicated than the fixed geometric errors in link lengths and assembly. Typical robot calibration methods only consider constant kinematic errors, thus, neglecting complex kinematic errors and limiting the accuracy to which robots can be calibrated. In contrast to typical calibration methods, this paper considers models containing both constant and joint-dependent kinematic errors. Constituent robot kinematic error sources are identified and kinematic error models are classified for each error source. The constituent models are generalized into a single robot kinematic error model with both constant and high-order joint-dependent error terms. Maximum likelihood estimation is utilized to identify error model parameters using measurements obtained over the measurable joint space by a laser tracker. Experiments comparing the proposed and traditional calibration methods implemented on a FANUC LR Mate 200i robot are presented and analyzed. While the traditional constant kinematic error model describes 79.4% of the measured error, the proposed modeling framework, constructed from measurements of 250 poses, describes 97.0% of the measured error. The results demonstrate that nearly 20% of the kinematic error in this study can be attributed to complex, joint-dependent error sources.
Hemolymphatic Malformation: Mixed Form Congenital Vascular Malformation

Congenital vascular malformations (CVMs) are classified by vessel type according to the Hamburg classification (Table 16.1) [1–4]. In each class of vascular malformation, “extratruncular malformations” composed of small vessels intimately embedded in the host tissue and “truncular malformations” affecting individual large vessels are recognized [1–4].
Robert McKersie: Integrative Scholar

This article is a tribute to Robert McKersie. It focuses on his career journey as an integrative scholar and touches on his scholarship, which among many honors included the 1995 International Association of Conflict Management (IACM) Lifetime Achievement Award. As the article suggests, Bob is integrative in multiple ways—as a teacher and facilitator integrating diverse concepts and interests; as a scholar lifting up Mary Parker Follet's concept of integration from the 1920s and, along with co‐author Richard Walton, giving it a new life in the 1965 Behavioral Theory of Labor Negotiations; and as a friend and colleague bringing out the best in everyone he encounters.
Indonesia’s digital constitutive moment: how the rewrite of the Broadcast Law will shape Indonesia’s digital future

This article explores the current development of digital terrestrial television (DTT) implementation and its impact on the broadcast television and telecommunication industry as a whole in Indonesia. Delay after delay, which culminated in the suspension of all DTT policies by the newly elected Jokowi administration, have created a lot of uncertainty for many stakeholders. This article focuses on several recent DTT regulatory events – namely the creation and collapse of DTT ministerial regulations, the distribution of the latest broadcast bill and the cabinet’s digital economy policies. These events demonstrate the limitations of broadcast policy to reconfigure the current broadcast television industry in order to create a more diverse broadcast and telecommunication ecosystem. Drawing on primary documents – official reports; policy announcements; recordings of government meetings; interviews with stakeholders and statistics and statements from key political and industrial figures – this article posits that, by opening up the entire broadcast law to a rewrite for the sake of accommodating DTT implementation, Indonesia risks deregulating the entire market and maintaining the predatory practices of broadcast industry incumbents
Sphingolipids and their enigmatic role in asthma

Asthma is defined as a chronic inflammatory condition in the lung and is characterized by episodic shortness of breath with expiratory wheezing and cough. Asthma is a serious public health concern globally with an estimated incidence over 300 million. Asthma is a complex disease in that it manifests as disease of gene and environmental interactions. Sphingolipids are a unique class of lipids involved in a host of biological functions ranging from serving as key cellular membrane lipids to acting as critical signaling molecules. To date sphingolipids have been studied across various human conditions ranging from neurological disorders to cancer to infection to autoimmunity. This review will focus on the role of sphingolipids in asthma development and pathology with particular focus on the role of mast cell sphingolipid biology.
Photovoltaics on Transfer Printed III-V Virtual Substrates

We demonstrate a novel concept for III-V engineered substrate cost reduction that does not rely on chemical–mechanical polishing or low-throughput release layer etching. With the potential for significant reduction to III-V substrate cost, the details of this concept are provided, as well as a demonstration of III-V devices grown on a membrane removed from its source substrate and bonded to a non-native target handle. The GaAs solar cell on membrane one-sun and concentration AM1.5 efficiencies register 16.2% and 19.1%, respectively, prior to the application of anti-reflection coating. This is a discrepancy of 2% (one-sun) and 1.2% (concentration) absolute versus a nominally identical control GaAs device, indicating the capability for high performance at reduced cost.
Facial emotion recognition of older adults with traumatic brain injury

Objectives: The objective of this study was to examine the effects of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and age on facial emotion recognition abilities in adults. Age and TBI were expected to have negat...
Autonomous Targeted Sampling of the Deep Chlorophyll Maximum Layer in a Subtropical North Pacific Eddy

The overarching logistical challenge in microbial oceanography is acquiring enough samples to provide meaningful scientific interpretation. The number of samples collected during ship expeditions is limited by weather, time on station, and budget. Here we describe a robotic, autonomous vehicle platform equipped with a unique sampling instrument that mitigates some of these constraints. In a joint cruise on the R/V Falkor, the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute and the University of Hawaii deployed two of these vehicles in a mesoscale eddy north of the island of Maui. One vehicle collected contextual measurements while circling a freely drifting sampling vehicle. On the sampling vehicle we implemented several behaviors, including sampling every three hours for a 4-day underwater drift while maintaining position within the deep chlorophyll maximum layer (~100m). Results demonstrate the ability to remain with features of interest and point to an exciting future of long-term, directed, persistent sampling.
Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (E-CPR) - 8 Years of Experience

Purpose Post-cardiac arrest outcomes like survival to discharge and neurological recovery remain low despite improved medical care and technology. Nationally, traditional methods show that Methods Between 2010 and 2018, a total of 230 ECMO procedures were performed at our institution and 34 cases had E-CPR after traditional measures were inadequate. Patient demographics, ECMO survival, survival to discharge, and neurological recovery were retrospectively analyzed with IRB approval. Results Of the 34 patients who received E-CPR, there were 21 males and 13 females, with a mean age of 49 ± 13 years. The mean duration of ECMO support was 8.3 ± 7.9 days. The indications (#) for E-CPR in these patients were: acute myocardial infarction (15), malignant arrhythmia (6), myocarditis (2), acute pulmonary emboli (2), hypothermia (2), post-cardiotomy failure (2), and others (5). 11 of 34 (32%) patients died during ECMO from: anoxic brain injury (4), stroke (4), withdrawn care (2), and bowel necrosis (1). Additionally, 10 patients died after ECMO decannulation due to anoxic brain injury (5), sepsis (3), ventricular fibrillation (1), withdrawn care (1). E-CPR survival to discharge overall was 13/34 (38%) with full neurological recovery in all patients. ECMO survival rate and 30-days survival rate was improved from (63%, 15/24 and 25%, 6/24) early half of study (2010-2014) to (70%, 7/10 and 60%, 6/10) in late half of study (2014-2018). Among patients with anoxic brain injury that expired during E-CPR, 2/4 (50%) provided multiple organ procurement. Conclusion Over years of experience with ECMO, the outcome of the E-CPR has been improving and appears to exceed those of traditional methods, despite limited sample size. Multiple organ procurement appears to provide a minor added benefit. Neurological complications still need to be addressed in order for survival and outcomes to improve.
Massive pneumoperitoneum and pneumoretroperitoneum after gastroscopy; report of a case and review of the literature.

1. The risk of perforation in flexible gastroscopy has been reviewed. 2. A case of pneumoperitoneum, pneumoretroperitoneum, and pneumomediastinum occurring after gastroscopy has been reported. Treatment was conservative and the course benign. 3. A review of the cases of pneumoperitoneum in the literature and the probable mechanism of their production has been presented. An additional possible etiologic factor of tear at the esophagogastric junction has been suggested. 4. Treatment of the condition has been discussed. Achlorhydria is not considered a contraindication to conservative therapy. 5. The prognosis of pneumoperitoneum after gastroscopy, treated conservatively, is excellent.
Nanopaint application for flow assurance with electromagnetic pig

Abstract Wax, hydrates, and asphaltenes precipitate in subsea pipelines and restrict the transport of hydrocarbons. Traditional wax prevention and dewaxing methods include thermal, chemical, and mechanical approaches. This paper investigates a new electromagnetic pigging method combined with a ferromagnetic nanopaint for potentially high heating efficiency and low maintenance cost. The electromagnetic pig could be inserted into the pipeline to generate induction heating; a nanopaint coating on the inner wall of the pipeline enhances the heating effect. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed system, we calculate the maximum pig speed, which is the fastest a pig can move through the pipeline and effectively dislodge wax deposits by heating. Systems with a higher maximum pig speed can dewax a pipeline in a shorter time. Numerical models are used to analyze the heating performance for different system configurations. Simulation results show that the proposed pigging tool can effectively heat and melt the deposited wax. The maximum pig speed is a function of the pig induction coil length and radius. The hydraulic shape of the pig does not impact the heating effectiveness.
Development of methodology for design and analysis of physically cooperating robot and applications to other robotic systems

There is a need to develop a methodology to model physically cooperating mobile robots so as to systematically design and analyze such systems. Our approach is to treat the linked mobile robots as a multiple degree-of-freedom object, comprising an articulated open kinematic chain, which is being manipulated by pseudo robots (p-robots) at the ground interaction points. Dynamics of the open chain are computed independently of the constraints, thus allowing the same set of equations to be used as the constraint conditions change, and simplifying the addition of multiple robots to the chain. The decoupling achieved through constraining the p-robots facilitates the analysis of kinematic as well as force constraints, not possible with direct analysis. We introduce the idea of a ‘tipping cone’, similar to a standard friction cone, to test whether forces on the robots cause undesired tipping. We have carried out static as well as dynamic analysis for a 2-robot cooperation case. Also, we have demonstrated that introduction of redundant actuation, by an additional third robot, can help in improving the friction requirements. We also present our preliminary ideas for employing this newly designed framework to analyze other interesting multi-body robotic systems.
Energy Sources for the Surgical Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation

The surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation has evolved over the past 2 decades due to the advent of ablation technology, and the introduction of less invasive surgical approaches. Current devices produce ablation lines that aim to replace the incisions of traditional surgical ablation strategies, such as the Cox-Maze procedure. This has helped to simplify and shorten surgical ablation procedures and has allowed for the development of minimally invasive surgical techniques. This review discusses surgical ablation energy sources and devices, providing background on device characteristics, mechanism of tissue injury, and success in creating transmural lesions.
Adaptive Deep Learning based Time-Varying Volume Compression

Nowadays, floating-point temporal-spatial datasets are routinely generated from scientific observational apparatuses or computer simulations at an unprecedented pace. The sheer amount of these large volumetric datasets on the order of terabytes or petabytes consume massive resources in terms of bandwidth, storage and computational power. On the other hand, scientists, equipped with low-end post-analysis machines, often find it impossible to visualize and analyze these massive datasets with such limited resources in hand, not to mention their ultimate goal of real time analysis and visualization. To solve this discrepancy, a compact data representation has to be generated and a trade-off between resource consumption and analytical precision has to be found. There are many existing volumetric representation generating methods, almost all of which adopts some kind of hand-engineered heuristics to extract the effective portion of the datasets. However, the trade-off between resource consumption and analytical quality could not be well established due to the introduction of hand-engineered heuristics. In this paper, we present a deep learning based method that can adaptively capture the inherently complicated dynamics of temporal-spatial volumetric datasets without introducing any hand engineered features. We train an autoencoder based neural network with quantization and adaptation. Compared with existing methods, our method could learn data representation at a much lower compressed/uncompressed rate while preserving the details of original datasets. Also, our method could adapt with different data distribution and conduct compression and decompression in real time. Through extensive experiments, we show the effectiveness and efficiency of our approach over existing methods.
The computational nature of stress assignment

While computational studies of stress patterns as phonotactics have yielded restrictive characterizations of stress (Rogers et al., 2013) with provably correct learning procedures (Heinz, 2009), an outstanding question is the nature of stress assignment as a function which assigns stress to an underlying bare string of syllables. This paper fills this gap by locating stress patterns with respect to the subsequential class of functions (Mohri, 1997), which are argued to be important for phonology in that the vast majority of phonological functions fall within the subsequential boundary (Heinz & Lai, 2013; Chandlee, 2014), with the notable exception of tone and vowel harmony (Jardine, 2016; McCollum et al., under review). The main result is that – while most, if not all quantity insensitive (QI) stress systems are subsequential functions – the same does not hold for quantity sensitive (QS) systems. Counter-intuitively, so-called default-to-opposite QS patterns are subsequential, but default-to-same QS patterns are provably not. It also supports the claim of Jardine (2016) that certain tonal patterns are non-sequential because their suprasegmental nature allows for more a more powerful computation. As stress assignment is also suprasegmental, the existence of non-sequential stress functions adds evidence for this conclusion.
Public Policy and the Education of Children with Special Needs

This paper reviews several programs for children with special needs, from historical perspectives, current involvements, and one particular orientation, railed the “child development model.” With respect to programs based on the child development model, it is recommended that each state consider planning toward the eventual organization of a child development agency, responsible for all children with special needs, irrespective of their characteristics, educational attainments, and prognoses. Further, it is recommended that, to the degree programs encourage and support the maintenance of children in community environments, they should be reworded in both specific and general ways: and for purposes of better guaranteeing human rights and due process, citizen advisory and other advocacy groups should be organized throughout a state and given such support as would be needed to make these groups active and responsive grass roots partners in policy and decision making.
Discrete Block Copolymers for Self-Assembly.

Discrete copolymers exhibited a groundbreaking phase diagram with up to one monomer resolution.
Optical Power Limiters Based on Frequency-Selective Surfaces and Phase-Transition Materials

We designed and demonstrated optical limiters that incorporate thin-film vanadium dioxide into metallic frequency selective surfaces and feature large, broadband off-state transmittance, small on-state transmittance, and minimized absorption.
Spectrally resolved passive acoustic imaging

Ultrasound in combination with circulating microbubble contrast agents has emerged as a promising modality for therapy and imaging of brain diseases. Despite progress, the need for spatio-temporal mapping and control of the cerebrovascular microbubble dynamics necessitates the development of fast and spectrally resolved trans-skull imaging methods. In this talk, we will present our recent efforts towards establishing such methods. First, we will introduce a general methodology using the angular spectrum (AS) approach in a heterogeneous medium, which is based on a numerical marching scheme to approximate the full implicit solution, and reveal its functionality for trans-skull passive acoustic imaging (70% source localization error reduction from 2.89 ± 1.76 mm to 0.68 ± 52 mm). Then, we will demonstrate the ability of AS in combination with a nonlinear state controller that uses specific frequency bands of the microbubble acoustic emissions (harmonic, ultra-harmonic, etc.) to attain stable cavitation activity for tens of seconds. Finally, we will present our progress towards adapting the AS method for rapid visualization of vessel structures with diameters of a few hundreds of microns. The superior image quality and computation efficiency (>100-fold faster from time-domain delay-and-sum methods) of AS offers unique opportunities for spectrally resolved passive acoustic imaging and image guided therapy of human disease.
Learning-based control: A tutorial and some recent results

The recent success of Reinforcement Learning and related methods can be attributed to several key factors. First, it is driven by reward signals obtained through the interaction with the environment. Second, it is closely related to the human learning behavior. Third, it has a solid mathematical foundation. Nonetheless, conventional Reinforcement Learning theory exhibits some shortcomings particularly in a continuous environment or in considering the stability and robustness of the controlled process. In this monograph, the authors build on Reinforcement Learning to present a learning-based approach for controlling dynamical systems from real-time data and review some major developments in this relatively young field. In doing so the authors develop a framework for learning-based control theory that shows how to learn directly suboptimal controllers from input-output data. There are three main challenges on the development of learning-based control. First, there is a need to generalize existing recursive methods. Second, as a fundamental difference between learning-based control and Reinforcement Learning, stability and robustness are important issues that must be addressed for the safety-critical engineering systems such as self-driving cars. Third, data efficiency of Reinforcement Learning algorithms need be addressed for safety-critical engineering systems. This monograph provides the reader with an accessible primer on a new direction in control theory still in its infancy, namely Learning-Based Control Theory, that is closely tied to the literature of safe Reinforcement Learning and Adaptive Dynamic Programming.
Use of Stimulant Diversion Prevention Strategies in Pediatric Primary Care and Associations With Provider Characteristics.

Abstract Purpose Diversion of stimulant medications for ADHD is a prevalent problem. Pediatric primary care providers (PCPs) are well-positioned to reduce diversion risk among adolescents prescribed stimulants, but little is known about their use of prevention strategies. The objectives of this study were to describe the frequency with which pediatric PCPs use diversion prevention strategies and examine potential determinants (facilitators and barriers) of strategy use. Methods Participants were pediatric PCPs (N = 76) participating in a randomized controlled trial of stimulant diversion prevention strategies. At baseline, before randomization, PCPs rated the frequency with which they used specific strategies in each of four categories: patient/family education, medication management/monitoring, assessment of mental health symptoms/functioning, and assessment of risky behaviors. They completed measures of attitudes toward diversion prevention, subjective norms (i.e., implementation climate), and perceived behavioral control (i.e., knowledge/skill, resource constraints). Associations between determinants and strategy use were tested with correlational and regression analyses. Results PCPs used strategies for assessing mental health symptoms/functioning most frequently and patient/family education strategies least frequently. Attitudes about the effectiveness of diversion prevention, implementation climate, knowledge/skill, and resource constraints were positively correlated with the use of at least one category of strategies. In regression analysis, PCP knowledge/skill was positively associated with patient/family education, medication management, and risk assessment strategies. Conclusions Findings suggest that improving knowledge and skill may increase the use of diversion prevention strategies by PCPs. Identifying provider-level determinants of strategy use informs implementation efforts in pediatric primary care and can facilitate efforts to prevent stimulant diversion among adolescents.
Let a Thousand Models Bloom: ICER Analytics Opens the Floodgates to Cloud Pseudoscience.

It has been noted on numerous occasions that modeled claims for cost-effectiveness, if driven by assumption for the lifetime of a hypothetical patient population, can be easily ‘gamed’ to create a required claim. These marketing exercises to support product entry are all too common in the literature. The institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER) in its launch of the ICER Analytics platform has provided a framework to support precisely these activities. Following the mainstream methodology in health technology assessment, the ICER Analytics platform facilitates the creation of approximate information to support formulary decisions. This is an odd development because it undercuts ICERs belief that it is the key arbiter in health technology assessment in the US, setting the stage for pricing and access recommendations. With the release of the ICER Analytics platform, others can now customize the ‘backbone’ ICER model in a disease area (i.e., change assumptions) to develop alternative and competing value assessments and ‘fair’ price claims. The problem is, of course, that without a reference point, there is no basis for comparing modeled claims other than through challenging assumptions. Indeed, ICER has made this easy by reducing barriers to lifetime model building so that manufacturers and others can create competing (and confusing) claims within, literally, a few minutes. ICER will then become one of a multitude of competing voices for the attention of formulary committees and other health decision makers; letting a thousand imaginary models bloom where no model can be judged on the basis of credible, empirically evaluable and replicable product claims.
Trauma after the Gift of Life: Identification and Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders in Heart Transplant Recipients

Introduction Orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT) recipients have rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) over double that of the general population. PTSD after OHT is associated with increased mortality. Use of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy is a novel treatment strategy for PTSD and recently shown to be more effective than cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). EMDR after OHT has not been reported in the literature. We present two cases that highlight successful use of EMDR therapy post-OHT with improvement of PTSD symptoms. Case Report A 31-year-old female with non-compaction cardiomyopathy occurring during the post-partum period underwent OHT 6 weeks after delivery. Post-OHT course was uncomplicated with no episodes of rejection. Patient treated for depression with sertraline during first year post-OHT. Patient reported symptoms of PTSD with decreased functional capacity. Patient referred for consideration of EMDR therapy, found to be appropriate candidate by psychologist and underwent EMDR. Psychologist reported that patient experienced complete reduction in distress for targets. Patient reported resolution of PTSD symptoms and improved functional capacity. A 52-year-old male with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy underwent OHT, then required second OHT 5 years later due to graft dysfunction from progressive coronary vasculopathy. Course after re-OHT was notable for persistent, moderate cellular rejection requiring treatment with thymoglobulin, increase in baseline oral immunosuppression, and eventual addition of methotrexate. Patient treated for chronic, stable depression with sertraline and CBT. Patient reported symptoms of PTSD, specifically noting fear of needing a third transplant. Patient referred for consideration of EMDR therapy, found to be appropriate candidate by psychologist and underwent EMDR. Psychologist reported patient experienced significant but incomplete reductions in distress for targets and did not complete all sessions of EMDR therapy due to difficulties in the therapy. Patient reported improvement, but not resolution, of his PTSD symptoms. Summary Increased mortality is associated with PTSD after OHT. Therefore, OHT recipients experiencing PTSD symptoms should be referred for further evaluation. Additionally, the use of EMDR therapy could be considered.
Integrating Systems and Synthetic Biology to Understand and Engineer Microbiomes

Microbiomes are complex and ubiquitous networks of microorganisms whose seemingly limitless chemical transformations could be harnessed to benefit agriculture, medicine, and biotechnology. The spat...
'Historical and Philosophical Dimensions of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science,' Ed. Robert E. Butts and Jaakko Hintikka

This is the fourth of four volumes of papers presented by participants to the Fifth International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, which was held at the University of Western Ontario, London, Canada, August 27-September 2, 1975.
How to Kill a Zombie: Strategies for Dealing with the Aftermath of the Foreclosure Crisis

The foreclosure crisis which began in 2008 is old news; or is it? A lot of attention has been paid to the plight of homeowners struggling to save their homes from foreclosure. Legislative and regulatory changes have made it easier for homeowners to navigate the loss mitigation process. A significant number of people, however, did not try to save their homes. In fact, some actively tried unsuccessfully to give the homes back to their lender. These abandoned homes and abandoned foreclosures have become zombie mortgages. This is the legacy of this crisis.The existence of these homes is well documented and this paper does not seek to prove the problem. Instead, it analyzes some solutions. How can homeowners re-gain control of these homes in order to solve the urban plight problem the foreclosure crisis left in its wake? Current law does not anticipate a bank not seeking foreclosure. Should it? Courts are just beginning to grapple with the situation. No consistent patterns have emerged to deal with the issues. The mortgage industry has argued throughout this crisis that delays in judicial foreclosure are one of the causes of this phenomena. The data has failed to support this hypothesis. On the contrary, this paper argues that the industry used every legal maneuver possible to exacerbate the problem. Lenders have been allowed to enjoy the benefits of the mortgage, while avoiding the burdens. Changes in policy and perception are needed if we are ever to move pass the crisis.
Intraoperative Evoked Potential Monitoring in Pediatrics

ABSTRACT.The utility of intraoperative somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) monitoring has been addressed over the last decade and SSEP monitoring has been widely used in a variety of surgical procedures. Most of the literature has dealt with intraoperative monitoring in adult patients. We have employed intraoperative SSEP monitoring in pediatric patients since the early 1980s. Over the years we have monitored over 300 operations, most done in children less than 15 years old, undergoing corrective scoliosis surgery. Based upon our experience, we have developed techniques addressing problems of surgically monitoring children and have found intraoperative SSEP monitoring to be useful in pediatrics, understanding that a number of important differences must be addressed when monitoring this age group.