cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Linear randomized voting algorithm for fault tolerant sensor fusion and the corresponding reliability model

Sensor failures in process control programs can be tolerated through application of well known modular redundancy schemes. The reliability of a specific modular redundancy scheme depends on the predefined number of sensors that may fail, f, out of the total number of sensors available, n. Some recent sensor fusion algorithms offer the benefit of tolerating a more significant number of sensor failures than modular redundancy techniques at the expense of degrading the precision of sensor readings. In this paper, we present a novel sensor fusion algorithm based on randomized voting, having linear - O(n) expected execution time. The precision (the length) of the resulting interval is dependent on the number of faulty sensors - parameter f. A novel reliability model applicable to general sensor fusion schemes is proposed. Our modeling technique assumes the coexistence of two major types of sensor failures, permanent and transient. The model offers system designers the ability to analyze and define application specific balances between the expected system reliability and the desired interval estimate precision. Under the assumptions of failure independence and exponentially distributed failure occurrences, we use Markov models to compute system reliability. The model is then validated empirically and examples of reliability prediction are provided for networks with fairly large number of sensors (n>100).
The Gender of Democracy: Citizenship and Gendered Subjectivity . By Maro Pantelidou Maloutas

The Gender of Democracy: Citizenship and Gendered Subjectivity . By Maro Pantelidou Maloutas. London and New York: Routledge. 2006. 208 pp. $130.00. In this theoretically provocative (and action-inspiring) study of the relationship between gender and democracy, Maro Pantelidou Maloutas makes an important contribution to both feminist theory and democratic theory. She emphasizes that democracy's emancipatory potential is substantially inhibited by the existing system of dichotomous gender relations. The requisite for us is to deconstruct rather than simply to modernize gender roles (whether through quotas or parity) which is tantamount to a “modernization of oppression” (p. 55).
High brightness immersed source injector characterization

Experimental and theoretical work have demonstrated that a proper injector design results in the generation of very-high-brightness beams in a field-immersed foilless diode source which is suitable for use on RADLAC II (a high-current linear induction accelerator for electrons). Time-resolved characterization of the high-brightness immersed diode source was achieved using a time-gated 2-D X-ray imaging technique. The experiments were performed on the 4-MeV IBEX accelerator and produced currents exceeding 40 kA in a 6-mm-radius, thin annular beam with a measured thermal transverse velocity of 0.1 c. For currents of 30 kA, even brighter beams with beta =0.07 were obtained. At lower currents, beams as small as 2 mm in radius were produced with a smaller cathode tip. In all cases, the measured parameters were consistent with 2-D, PIC (particle-in-cell) simulations. >
A 350 MHz bipolar monolithic PLL

A high-frequency, low bipolar monolithic phase-locked loop which can be used in clock recovery systems operative above 300 MHz has been designed and fabricated. Building blocks of the phase-locked-loop (PLL) circuit to be discussed include an analog phase detector, a temperature-compensated VCO (voltage-controlled oscillator) with an on-chip varactor diode, a two-stage loop amplifier, and a bandgap reference. The circuit operates from a 5-V supply and dissipates 270 mW. >
Optimal control in the presence of an intelligent jammer with limited actions

We consider a dynamic zero-sum game between two players. The first player acts as a controller for a discrete time LTI plant, while the second player acts to jam the communication between the controller and the plant. The number of jamming actions is limited. We determine saddle-point equilibrium control and jamming strategies for this game under the full state, total recall information structure for both players, and show that the jammer acts according to a threshold policy at each decision step. Various properties of the threshold functions are derived and complemented by numerical simulation studies.
Assisted Reproductive Technologies: The Need for Multi-Disciplinary Review of Its Impact on Neonatal/Perinatal Medicine and Medical Genetics

This commentary focuses on assisted reproductive technologies and their impact on pregnancy outcomes, specifically multiple births, prematurity, and birth defects. Issues of informed consent and the ethical application of these technologies are also addressed. We call for a multidisciplinary review of assisted reproductive technologies given their increasing influence in the disciplines of maternal fetal medicine, neonatology, and medical genetics. We are concerned with increasing medical resource utilization given current health-care disparities. Despite professional recommendations suggesting limitations in multiple embryo transfer, there has not been substantial oversight in adherence to these guidelines. Without adequate stewardship, it is a concern that assisted reproductive technologies will contribute to increasing rates of prematurity, low birthweight infants, and birth defects. It will continue to divert a disproportionate share of medical resource utilization. We advance suggestions to reduce the health-care impact and disparities with greater focus on the well-being of infants born via assisted reproductive technologies.
Second‐order nonlinear optical properties of a photocrosslinkable epoxy‐based polymer

The synthesis and characterization of a novel epoxy-based photocrosslinkable nonlinear optical (NLO) polymer exhibiting enhanced thermal stability is reported. The synthesized polymers show spectroscopic properties (NMR, IR, UV) in accordance with the proposed structures. A glass transition temperature (T g ) of 112°C and a thermal degradation temperature (T d ) of 310°C were recorded. The poled polymer film exhibits stable second-order nonlinear optical activity (d 33 = 19.5 pm/V) over a period of 500 h as characterized by the temporal response of the second harmonic signal at room temperature.
A stable, high-order method for three-dimensional, bounded-obstacle, acoustic scattering

An efficient and high-order algorithm for three-dimensional bounded obstacle scattering is developed. The method is a non-trivial extension of recent work of the authors for two-dimensional bounded obstacle scattering, and is based on a boundary perturbation technique coupled to a well-conditioned high-order spectral-Galerkin solver. This boundary perturbation approach is justified by rigorous theoretical results on analyticity of the scattered field with respect to boundary variations which show that, in fact, the domain of analyticity can be extended to a neighborhood of the entire real axis. The numerical method is augmented by Pade approximation techniques to access this region of extended analyticity so that configurations which are large deformations of the base (spherical) geometry can be simulated. Several numerical results are presented to exemplify the accuracy, stability, and versatility of the proposed method.
Enthalpies of formation of methyl substituted naphthalenes

Abstract In this work, the enthalpies of formation for the homologous series of methyl substituted naphthalene isomers were calculated using the AM1, PM3, B3PW91, and G3MP2 methods. This work was done primarily to address the lack of data available for many of these compounds and to find the most cost-effective method to calculate the enthalpy of formation. In addition, we explored the development of a group-additivity model as a fast method to calculate the enthalpy of formation. Using this model, two sets of interaction parameters were derived. One set from the G3MP2 results and the other from the B3PW91 results. These parameters differ by an average of 2.3 kJ mol −1 , implying that the simpler B3PW91 calculations may be used to develop a group-additivity model. The model using the G3MP2 derived parameters deviate from the experimental values with a RMS of 3.0 kJ mol −1 . Using the B3PW91 parameters, the model has an RMS of 9.1 kJ mol −1 .
The motion behind the symbols: a vital role for dynamism in the conceptualization of limits and continuity in expert mathematics.

The canonical history of mathematics suggests that the late 19th-century “arithmetization” of calculus marked a shift away from spatial-dynamic intuitions, grounding concepts in static, rigorous definitions. Instead, we argue that mathematicians, both historically and currently, rely on dynamic conceptualizations of mathematical concepts like continuity, limits, and functions. In this article, we present two studies of the role of dynamic conceptual systems in expert proof. The first is an analysis of co-speech gesture produced by mathematics graduate students while proving a theorem, which reveals a reliance on dynamic conceptual resources. The second is a cognitivehistorical case study of an incident in 19th-century mathematics that suggests a functional role for such dynamism in the reasoning of the renowned mathematician Augustin Cauchy. Taken together, these two studies indicate that essential concepts in calculus that have been defined entirely in abstract, static terms are nevertheless conceptualized dynamically, in both contemporary and historical practice.
Are Adult Attachment Styles Categorical or Dimensional? A Taxometric Analysis of General and Relationship-Specific Attachment Orientations

One of the long-standing debates in the study of adult attachment is whether individual differences are best captured using categorical or continuous models. Although early research suggested that continuous models might be most appropriate, we revisit this issue here because (a) categorical models continue to be widely used in the empirical literature, (b) contemporary models of individual differences raise new questions about the structure of attachment, and (c) methods for addressing the types versus dimensions question have become more sophisticated over time. Analyses based on 2 samples indicate that individual differences appear more consistent with a dimensional rather than a categorical model. This was true with respect to general attachment representations and attachment in specific relationship contexts (e.g., attachment with parents and peers). These findings indicate that dimensional models of attachment style may be better suited for conceptualizing and measuring individual differences across multiple levels of analysis.
Relation between the X-Ray Angle of Cottons and Their Fiber Mechanical Properties

Correlations are presented between the spiral angle, as measured by the X-ray angle (40% absorption angle of 002 diffraction are), and the mechanical properties of 16 cot tons. A significant correlation is found for Pressley strength at zero gauge length : however, virtually no correlations exist when cotton strength is measured at 5.0-mm. gauge length. Highly significant correlations are found between the spiral angle and the extensibility properties of cotton fibers, as measured by single fiber elastic modulus and elongation to break.
Apoptosis Induced by the Nuclear Death Domain Protein p84N5 Is Inhibited by Association with Rb Protein

Rb protein inhibits both cell cycle progression and apoptosis. Interaction of specific cellular proteins, including E2F1, with Rb C-terminal domains mediates cell cycle regulation. In contrast, the nuclear N5 protein associates with an Rb N-terminal domain with unknown function. The N5 protein contains a region of sequence similarity to the death domain of proteins involved in apoptotic signaling. We demonstrate here that forced N5 expression potently induces apoptosis in several tumor cell lines. Mutation of conserved residues within the death domain homology compromise N5-induced apoptosis, suggesting that it is required for normal function. Endogenous N5 protein is specifically altered in apoptotic cells treated with ionizing radiation. Furthermore, dominant interfering death domain mutants compromise cellular responses to ionizing radiation. Finally, physical association with Rb protein inhibits N5-induced apoptosis. We propose that N5 protein plays a role in the regulation of apoptosis and that Rb directly coordinates cell proliferation and apoptosis by binding specific proteins involved in each process through distinct protein binding domains.
Flybys in the planar, circular, restricted, three-body problem

An analysis is presented of gravity assisted flybys in the planar, circular, restricted three-body problem (pcr3bp) that is inspired by the Keplerian map and by the Tisserand- Poincare graph. The new Flyby map is defined and used to give insight on the flyby dynamics and on the accuracy of the linked-conics model. The first main result of this work is using the Flyby map to extend the functionality of the Tisserand graph to low energies beyond the validity of linked conics. Two families of flybys are identified: Type I (direct) flybys and Type II (retrograde) flybys. The second main result of this work shows that Type I flybys exist at all energies and are more efficient than Type II flybys, when both exist. The third main result of this work is the introduction of a new model, called “Conics, When I Can”, which mixes numerical integration and patched conics formulas, and has applications beyond the scope of this work. The last main result is an example trajectory with multiple flybys at Ganymede, all outside the linked-conics domain of applicability. The trajectory is computed with the pcr3bp, and connects an initial orbit around Jupiter intersecting the Callisto orbit, to an approach transfer to Europa. Although the trajectory presented has similar time of flight and radiation dose of other solutions found in literature, the orbit insertion Δv is 150 m/s lower. For this reason, the transfer is included in the lander option of the Europa Habitability Mission Study.
Development and validation of an improved method for the determination of chloropropanols in paperboard food packaging by GC-MS

The objective of this study was to develop an improved analytical method for the determination of 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol (3-MCPD) and 1,3-dichloropropanol (1,3-DCP) in paper-type food packaging. The established method includes aqueous extraction, matrix spiking of a deuterated surrogate internal standard (3-MCPD-d₅), clean-up using Extrelut solid-phase extraction, derivatisation using a silylation reagent, and GC-MS analysis of the chloropropanols as their corresponding trimethyl silyl ethers. The new method is applicable to food-grade packaging samples using European Commission standard aqueous extraction and aqueous food stimulant migration tests. In this improved method, the derivatisation procedure was optimised; the cost and time of the analysis were reduced by using 10 times less sample, solvents and reagents than in previously described methods. Overall the validation data demonstrate that the method is precise and reliable. The limit of detection (LOD) of the aqueous extract was 0.010 mg kg(-1) (w/w) for both 3-MCPD and 1,3-DCP. Analytical precision had a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 3.36% for 3-MCPD and an RSD of 7.65% for 1,3-DCP. The new method was satisfactorily applied to the analysis of over 100 commercial paperboard packaging samples. The data are being used to guide the product development of a next generation of wet-strength resins with reduced chloropropanol content, and also for risk assessments to calculate the virtual safe dose (VSD).
Illusions and Ignorance About the Family-Responsive Workplace

After reviewing the operational meaning of the “family-responsive” workplace and assessing relevant data about its extent, it is concluded that American businesses have made modest headway in instituting such practices and that it is illusory to expect that market solutions will deliver good or equitable family policy in the forseeable future. The economic benefits of these policies for businesses have not been demonstrated, and impending labor shortages offer uncertain promise of basic change in business policy. Considering the political weakness of “profamily” forces and the organizational and ideological obstacles they face, halting, uneven realization of the responsive workplace is predicted.
The impact of RTOG 0614 and RTOG 0933 trials in routine clinical practice: The US Survey of Utilization of Memantine and IMRT planning for hippocampus sparing in patients receiving whole brain radiotherapy for brain metastases.

Abstract Introduction Two recent clinical trials, phase III RTOG 0614 and phase II RTOG 0933, showed some effectiveness of Memantine and IMRT planning for hippocampus sparing, among patients receiving whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) for brain metastases; however, their use in routine clinical practice is unknown. Methods A survey was sent to 1933 radiation oncologists in the US. Data collected included utilization of Memantine and hippocampus sparing, reasons for adoption and non-adoption, and demographic variables. Results A total of 196 radiation oncologists responded to the survey, with 64% reporting using Memantine in almost none of the patients receiving WBRT for brain metastases, and only 11% considering Memantine for Conclusions At this time, the majority of surveyed radiation oncologists in the US do not use Memantine, or IMRT planning for hippocampus sparing in patients receiving WBRT. Further validation of the hippocampus sparing concept in a phase III trial was supported, before adopting it in routine clinical practice.
The Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unit: A Case Study in Party Failure

The Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unit (URNG) fought one of the longest and bloodiest civil wars in recent Latin American history. In 1996, the URNG and the Government of Guatemala signed a Firm and Lasting Agreement ending the country’s civil war and initiating the URNG’s postwar life as a political party. After finishing in third place in its first electoral context, the URNG has since been unable to capture more than 4 percent of the vote, on its own or in coalition, in the next three electoral contests leaving it a minor political party. What explains the poor electoral performance of the URNG as a political party? Based upon fieldwork, elite interviews, and analysis of electoral data, I argue that the URNG’s minor party performance was caused by several key factors including a low number of combatant and noncombatant supporters, internal divisions, a strained relationship with civil society, the lack of a political wing, and relatively unfavorable electoral rules.
Utility of folate receptor alpha immunohistochemistry in cytology specimens of metastatic breast carcinoma, metastatic serous carcinoma of Müllerian origin, and primary lung adenocarcinoma.

Background Folate receptor alpha (FRA) overexpression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) has been shown to various degrees in histologic specimens from breast ductal carcinoma (DC), serous carcinoma of Mullerian origin (SCM), and primary lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) among others. Antifolate therapies have recently shown usefulness in FRA overexpressing malignancies. We assessed the feasibility for detecting FRA overexpression by IHC in cytologic cell blocks (CB) from the aforementioned carcinomas. Method Cases of breast DC, SCM and lung ADC were included. The CB were immunostained with FRA employing mAb 26B.3.F2 (Biocare Medical, Concord, CA). FRA staining was scored qualitatively, by intensity, and staining area. Results 4/20 (20%) triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), 27/29 (93%) SCM, and 20/22 (91%) lung ADC showed positive FRA immunoreactivity. All ER/PR positive (n = 5) and Her2-neu positive (n = 5) DC were negative with FRA IHC. Conclusions FRA expression can be detected with a higher degree of confidence in SCM (93%) and lung ADC (91%) in CB, and to a lesser degree in TNBC. Our data also shows that FRA expression by IHC was more frequently associated with TNBC (20%) when compared with ER/PR positive or Her2neu positive breast cancers. FRA overexpression detected by IHC in CB is highly concordant with the published results of surgical specimens from SCM and lung ADC and less so from TNBC. Hence, IHC FRA analysis can be performed in the CB preparation with a high degree of confidence in SCM and lung ADC. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Analyzing repeated measures on generalized linear models via the bootstrap

The analysis of longitudinal data for which the response variables have nonnormal error distributions previously has been complex and/or dependent on restrictive assumptions. In this paper simple methods are introduced for the class of generalized linear models (GLMs). Regressions are fit to the data at each observation time; functions of the resulting coefficients may be bootstrapped, or the coefficients combined through closed-form estimation of their covariances. Application is made to a data set on xerophthalmia in Indonesian children.
Host Preference for Oviposition by the Spruce Budworm in the Lake States

Balsam fir ( Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.), white spruce ( Picea glauca (Moench) Voss), and black spruce ( P. mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) are the primary hosts of the spruce budworm ( Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) in the Lake States. In both laboratory and field tests white spruce was preferred over balsam fir for oviposition by the female moth. The average preference ratio was about 2.2:1 in laboratory tests and 2.3:1 in field test. Balsam fir was preferred over black spruce.
Mexican mass labor migration in a not-so changing political economy

This article places Mexican migration in the context of the longue duree of Mexican–U.S. political and economic relations. We argue that 21st-century migration not only has its roots in the 19th ce...
Niedrig intensiver, gepulster Ultraschall zur Beeinflussung der frischen Frakturheilung

In mehreren Studien konnte der stimulierende Effekt von niedrig intensivem, gepulstem Ultraschall auf die Knochenheilung bereits nachgewiesen werden. Im Rahmen einer prospektiv-randomisierten Monozenterstudie sollte die Hypothese, dass es durch die adjuvante Behandlung mit niedrig intensivem Ultraschall in 80% der Falle zu einer Heilung nach weniger als 8 Wochen kommt, wahrend dieser Anteil in der Kontrollgruppe nur bei 20% liegt, fur Kahnbeinfrakturen uberpruft werden. Hierzu wurde eine Kohortengrose von jeweils 15 Patienten errechnet, die mittels Zufallverteilung in 2 Gruppen randomisiert wurden. Eingang in die Untersuchung fanden nur Patienten mit einer stabilen Fraktur durch die Taille des Kahnbeins. Gruppe I erhielt eine Standardtherapie, die in der Ruhigstellung der Fraktur bis zur knochernen Konsolidierung im Unterarmgips mit Daumeneinschluss bestand. Gruppe II erhielt zusatzlich ab dem Zeitpunkt der Anlage eines zirkularen Gipsverbands eine tagliche, 20-minutige Ultraschallbehandlung. Die Beurteilung der Heilung erfolgte durch eine sagittale CT, die ab der 4. Woche nach dem Trauma im 2-wochigen Abstand durchgefuhrt wurde. In der Zeit zwischen 1.10.1996 und 20.4.1998 wurde die Behandlung von 30 stabilen Skaphoidfrakturen abgeschlossen. In Gruppe I betrug die Heilungszeit 62 ± 19,2 Tage, in Gruppe II nur 43,2 ± 10,9 Tage (p = 0,0055). Die kumulative Heilungsrate betrug in Gruppe II nach 65 Tagen bereits 100%, in Gruppe I waren zu diesem Zeitpunkt lediglich 60% der Patienten geheilt. Die vorliegende Untersuchung weist den Stellenwert der niedrig intensiven, gepulsten Ultraschalltherapie zur Stimulation der Knochenbruchheilung nach. Fur das Skaphoid ist diese Methode insbesondere wegen der ansonsten langen Behandlungszeiten fur Patient, Arzt und Kostentrager interessant.
Kallikrein-thrombolytic and hypotensive action in cats--preliminary results.

An intravenous injection of kallikrein produced hypotensive and thrombolytic effects in anesthetized cats, using the blood superfused tendon technique. The thrombolytic action of kallikrein was mediated by an unstable substance. The generation of this substance was abolished by either acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) or aprotonin and enhanced by captopril. The hypotensive action of kallikrein was only partially inhibited by ASA. It is proposed that both these pharmacological effects of kallikrein are mediated by bradykinin which in turn releases prostacyclin from the endothelium. However, in contrast to the thrombolytic effect of kallikrein which is totally mediated by prostacyclin the hypotensive action of kallikrein depends not only on prostacyclin but also on another endothelium-derived vasorelaxant, e.g. EDRF.
SciServer Compute: Bringing Analysis Close to the Data

SciServer Compute uses Jupyter notebooks running within server-side Docker containers attached to large relational databases and file storage to bring advanced analysis capabilities close to the data. SciServer Compute is a component of SciServer, a big-data infrastructure project developed at Johns Hopkins University that will provide a common environment for computational research.SciServer Compute integrates with large existing databases in the fields of astronomy, cosmology, turbulence, genomics, oceanography and materials science. These are accessible through the CasJobs service for direct SQL queries. SciServer Compute adds interactive server-side computational capabilities through notebooks in Python, R and MATLAB, an API for running asynchronous tasks, and a very large (hundreds of terabytes) scratch space for storing intermediate results. Science-ready results can be stored on a Dropbox-like service, SciDrive, for sharing with collaborators and dissemination to the public. Notebooks and batch jobs run inside Docker containers owned by the users. This provides security and isolation and allows flexible configuration of computational contexts through domain specific images and mounting of domain specific data sets.We present a demo that illustrates the capabilities of SciServer Compute: using Jupyter notebooks, performing analyses on data selections from diverse scientific fields, and running asynchronous jobs in a Docker container. The demo will highlight the data flow between file storage, database, and compute components.
The pan-European Roman Catholic Church

Medieval western Christendom encompassed a vast area and included diverse peoples, languages, economies, political systems, and cultures. This heterogeneity makes a linear history of the Jews in medieval Latin Christendom impossible, necessitating the treatment of diverse sets of Jewries, which will be undertaken shortly. There was, to be sure, one unifying institution in medieval western Christendom, and that was the Roman Catholic Church, hierarchically organized with its center at the papal court in Rome. The Roman Catholic Church was in fact the common element that enables us to speak of western Christendom as a more or less coherent entity. It was also the institution on the medieval scene with the richest heritage as regards Judaism and the Jews, a legacy of late antiquity that demanded respect. Finally, it was the institution in medieval western Christendom with the most intense commitment to clear formulation of doctrine and behavioral norms. All this is not meant to suggest that consistency was achieved all through western Christendom with respect to theological doctrine, ecclesiastical policy, or imagery of Judaism and the Jews. The diversity of medieval western Christendom and the varying perspectives of different groupings within majority society and even within the Church itself precluded unanimity with respect to the Jews or any other issue. In this chapter, the focus will be on broad issues of doctrine, policy, and imagery of the Jews, as reflected largely in papal pronouncements. On occasion, a relatively authoritative non-papal voice will be introduced.
Motivating Desires for Classroom Engagement in the Learning of Mathematics

The study of students’ in-the-moment classroom engagement with mathematics entails consideration of several domains dynamically influencing each other in complex ways, including: cognition and metacognition, motivation, affect and meta-affect, and social interactions with the teacher and with peers. One feature of such engagement is the student’s immediate motivating desire or goal, which in a way can incorporate aspects of all of these domains. This paper considers some related theoretical ideas, including the diversity of motivating desires that can occur, how they embody cognition, affect and social interactions, their role in characterizing structures of engagement, and the development of a survey instrument for their study.
Structural and electron diffraction scaling of twisted graphene bilayers

Abstract Multiscale simulations are used to study the structural relaxation in twisted graphene bilayers and the associated electron diffraction patterns. The initial twist forms an incommensurate moire pattern that relaxes to a commensurate microstructure comprised of a repeating pattern of alternating low-energy AB and BA domains surrounding a high-energy AA domain. The simulations show that the relaxation mechanism involves a localized rotation and shrinking of the AA domains that scales in two regimes with the imposed twist. For small twisting angles, the localized rotation tends to a constant; for large twist, the rotation scales linearly with it. This behavior is tied to the inverse scaling of the moire pattern size with twist angle and is explained theoretically using a linear elasticity model. The results are validated experimentally through a simulated electron diffraction analysis of the relaxed structures. A complex electron diffraction pattern involving the appearance of weak satellite peaks is predicted for the small twist regime. This new diffraction pattern is explained using an analytical model in which the relaxation kinematics are described as an exponentially-decaying (Gaussian) rotation field centered on the AA domains. Both the angle-dependent scaling and diffraction patterns are in quantitative agreement with experimental observations. A Matlab program for extracting the Gaussian model parameters accompanies this paper.
Optimal vitamin D spurs serotonin: 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D represses serotonin reuptake transport (SERT) and degradation (MAO-A) gene expression in cultured rat serotonergic neuronal cell lines.

Diminished brain levels of two neurohormones, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; serotonin) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D; active vitamin D metabolite), are proposed to play a role in the atypical social behaviors associated with psychological conditions including autism spectrum disorders and depression. We reported previously that 1,25D induces expression of tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (TPH2), the initial and rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway to 5-HT, in cultured rat serotonergic neuronal cells. However, other enzymes and transporters in the pathway of tryptophan metabolism had yet to be examined with respect to the actions of vitamin D. Herein, we probed the response of neuronal cells to 1,25D by quantifying mRNA expression of serotonin synthesis isozymes, TPH1 and TPH2, as well as expression of the serotonin reuptake transporter (SERT), and the enzyme responsible for serotonin catabolism, monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A). We also assessed the direct production of serotonin in cell culture in response to 1,25D. Employing quantitative real-time PCR, we demonstrate that TPH-1/-2 mRNAs are 28- to 33-fold induced by 10 nM 1,25D treatment of cultured rat serotonergic neuronal cells (RN46A-B14), and the enhancement of TPH2 mRNA by 1,25D is dependent on the degree of neuron-like character of the cells. In contrast, examination of SERT, the gene product of which is a target for the SSRI-class of antidepressants, and MAO-A, which encodes the predominant catabolic enzyme in the serotonin pathway, reveals that their mRNAs are 51–59% repressed by 10 nM 1,25D treatment of RN46A-B14 cells. Finally, serotonin concentrations are significantly enhanced (2.9-fold) by 10 nM 1,25D in this system. These results are consistent with the concept that vitamin D maintains extracellular fluid serotonin concentrations in the brain, thereby offering an explanation for how vitamin D could influence the trajectory and development of neuropsychiatric disorders. Given the profile of gene regulation in cultured RN46A-B14 serotonergic neurons, we conclude that 1,25D acts not only to induce serotonin synthesis, but also functions at an indirect, molecular-genomic stage to mimic SSRIs and MAO inhibitors, likely elevating serotonin in the CNS. These data suggest that optimal vitamin D status may contribute to improving behavioral pathophysiologies resulting from dysregulation of serotonergic neurotransmission.
Celecoxib combined with esomeprazole prevented recurrent ulcer bleeding in patients with previous NSAID-induced ulcer bleeding.

Source Citation Chan FK, Wong VW, Suen BY, et al. Combination of a cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitor and a proton-pump inhibitor for prevention of recurrent ulcer bleeding in patients at very high risk: ...
The Cardiac-Somatic Relationship

To my surprise, the work we began in the mid-1960s observed a direct relationship between HR and somatomotor activities in several behavioral paradigms. This covariation between HR and somatomotor activity is what I call the cardiac-somatic relationship. The surprise came because I had viewed HR as a rather simple, direct index of the behavioral states generated by these paradigms, a measure independent of somatomotor activity. In fact, I had such a primitive understanding of somatomotor activity and related metabolic processes that initially I did not view the HR and somatic changes as integrated aspects of some more global response process that characterizes the cardiac-somatic concept. Rather, I looked at such HR changes as caused by the actual execution of the somatomotor response similar to the manner HR was viewed in the curarization studies concerning visceral learning (Miller, 1969). As such, these HR changes could be considered artifacts, as Smith (1954) proposed was the case for all conditioned autonomic responses.
Comparing Measures of Potential Output

One of the goals of stabilization policy is to reduce the output gap?the difference between potential and actual output?during downturns. Potential output, however, is an unobserved variable whose definition can vary. For example, some view potential output as the level of output that can be produced when employment is at the natural rate. Others use trend measures of output to measure potential. We survey some of these measures using both full-sample data (all of the data that would be available through June 2017) and real-time data (the actual data that would have been available at different points in the sample). We construct six different measures of potential: a linear trend, a quadratic trend, the Congressional Budget Office measure, and three filtered trends. We compare these measures across methods and across time. We also use the measures to compute the monetary policy prescription in a standard interest rate rule and find very little difference across methods.
Abstract WMP28: Hemorrhage Associated With External Ventricle Drain Placement in Aneurysmal Sub Arachnoid Hemorrhage Patients on Dual Anti Platelet Therapy: A Retrospective Analysis

Object: Stenting and flow diversion of ruptured intracranial aneurysms requires the use of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). These patients may be at increased risk for post surgical hemorrhagic co...
Large scale hybrid Monte Carlo simulations for structure and property prediction

The Monte Carlo method is one of the first and most widely used algorithms in modern computational physics. In condensed matter physics, the particularly popular flavor of this technique is the Metropolis Monte Carlo scheme. While being incredibly robust and easy to implement, the Metropolis sampling is not well-suited for situations where energy and force evaluations are computationally demanding. In search for a more efficient technique, we here explore the performance of Hybrid Monte Carlo sampling, an algorithm widely used in quantum electrodynamics, as a structure prediction scheme for systems with long-range interactions. Our results show that the Hybrid Monte Carlo algorithm stands out as an excellent computational scheme that can not only significantly outperform the Metropolis sampling but also complement molecular dynamics in materials science applications, while allowing ultra-large-scale simulations of systems containing millions of particles. A hybrid Monte Carlo sampling algorithm is adopted to predict structures and properties in large-scale simulations with millions of particles. A team led by Laurent Bellaiche from the University of Arkansas perform hybrid Monte Carlo (HMC) sampling on effective Hamiltonian models of solid-state systems with long-range interactions, such as ferroelectric, relaxor and multiferroic materials at finite temperatures. They compare the results with those obtained by the Metropolis Monte Carlo (MMC) algorithm and thermalized molecular dynamics (MD). They find that the HMC scheme significantly outperforms MMC and MD for selected model cases. By implementing the HMC algorithm for GPU-oriented parallelization architectures, they can perform HMC simulations for a large scale material simulations with the particle number reaching 106. This algorithm may also be implemented for large-scale density functional theory calculations so that a more broad space of applications might open.
Incumbents and Protectionism: Firm-Level Evidence from India

In this paper, we focus on the concentrated control of corporate assets and the ownership of incumbent firms to examine the selective removal of foreign entry restrictions in India. The results show that the probability of entry deregulation is negatively correlated with industry concentration and in industries where a few large firms are highly profitable. The data also suggest that the government is significantly less likely to relax entry barriers in industries with state-owned enterprises. Moreover, business group presence does not appear to influence the probability of entry deregulation in industries with no state-owned enterprises. The evidence confirms that entry barriers are designed to protect incumbents and suggests that firm level data provide a useful tool to examine the relative influence of different groups of incumbents in the regulatory process.
Challenges in Diagnosing Sacroiliac Joint Pain: A Narrative Review

Accurate diagnosis of sacroiliac joint (SIJ) pain is challenging. Diagnosis can be aided by pain referral patterns, historical features, physical examination maneuvers, and imaging. However, all of these diagnostic tools have limitations. The most reliable clinical tools may be a combination of three or more positive physical exam maneuvers, although the evidence is inconsistent even for this strategy. Intra-articular diagnostic SIJ injections are often used as the reference standard for "true" sacroiliac pain. However, such injections do not consider extra-articular sources of pain that may also exist as part of the sacroiliac joint complex. Research has established the posterior sacral ligaments as a possible source of pain, and the innervation of these ligaments has been anatomically defined. It is possible that by expanding our focus from the articular portion of the sacroiliac complex structure to both the joint and extra-capsular ligaments, advancements in clinical diagnosis and treatment will be possible.
Endoscopic GERD therapy: a primer for the transoral incisionless fundoplication procedure.

Patients with medically refractory GERD have the option of surgery but may opt for effective minimally invasive interventions, when available. However, the primary GERD pharmacologic therapy, proton pump inhibitors, does not satisfactorily address the pathophysiology of the disease. Moreover, a therapeutic gap exists in those severely symptomatic patients who fail medical management and who are poor candidates for surgical fundoplication. Recently, a revival of minimally invasive endoscopic interventions aiming to correct the antireflux barrier has followed existing device modifications, enhancing their safety and efficacy profile. Of these technologies, the trans-oral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) technique, in its current 2.0 iteration, has been studied in several randomized controlled trials with favorable outcomes and a low rate of adverse events. In this review, we discuss the landscape of endoscopic GERD therapy, focusing on recent updates in the TIF 2.0 procedure with the EsophyX-Z device (EndoGastricSolutions, Redmond, Wash, USA). We discuss the evolution, differences, and improvements in this technique across different generations of the EsophyX device. We also present a framework for candidate selection, based on medical and anatomic considerations. When streamlined within a milieu of comprehensive multidisciplinary programs, these improved endoscopic interventions can provide viable avenues for a carefully selected patients population, bridging therapy gaps, and selectively targeting the primary pathophysiology of the disease.
A Method for Assessing Relative Skill in Retrieving Cloud and Precipitation Properties in Next-Generation Cloud Radar and Radiometer Orbiting Observatories

AbstractA Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm is utilized to compare the skill of an A-Train-like observing system with a cloud, convection, and precipitation (CCP) observing system ...
Delayed suppression normalizes face identity responses in the primate brain

Abstract The primate brain is specialized for social visual perception. Previous work indicates that recognition draws upon an internal comparison between a viewed face and an internally stored average face. Here we demonstrate that this comparison takes the form of a delayed, dynamic suppression of face averageness among single neurons. In three macaque face patches, spiking responses to low-identity morphed faces met with a synchronous attenuation starting approximately 200 ms after onset. Analysis showed that a late-emerging V-shaped identity tuning was sometimes superimposed on linear ramp tuning and could not be ascribed to repetition suppression. The results indicate that the brain’s analysis of faces is enhanced through predictive normalization of identity, which increases sensitivity among face-selective neurons to distinctive facial features known to drive recognition. One Sentence Summary Dynamic suppression underlies identity normalization in macaque face patch neurons.
Price movements of redgram major markets in India by using cointegration analysis.

The main objective of the study is to assess cointegration of major redgram markets and price movement in major markets in India using important econometric tools like Augmented dickey-fuller (ADF), Johansen’s cointegration test, granger causality test and vector error correction model (VECM). The results of the study indicated that in the long-run there was a two direction relationship between market prices. There is bidirectional causality affected on redgram prices redgram prices of Mumbai – Indore and Mumbai –Amravati. There is unidirectional causality affected on redgram prices of Amravati –Vijayawada, Gulbarga – Tandur, Gulbarga –Vijayawada, Indore -Vijayawada, Mumbai –Vijayawada. Results of vector error correction model (VECM) showed Mumbai market one month lag price is affecting current prices of Gulbarga market. Amravati market one month lag price is affecting current prices of Vijayawada market. Tandur market two months lag price is affecting current prices of Gulbarga and Amravati markets.
Design and optimisation for a piezoelectric frame to harvest energy from structure vibrations

Energy harvesting from low amplitude vibrating sources is a challenging problem. To overcome this problem, there is a requirement to design and optimise a harvester device to amplify the vibration ...
A Knapsack Problem Based Algorithm for Local Level Management in Smart Grid

The world is adapting the renewable energy sources to produce clean energy. Because of this modernization in production, storage and consumers of energy, the conventional grid systems are facing a lot problems e.g. effective control of consumers or recompense of supply instability. The smart grid has the ability to overpower these shortcomings. In this study, we are considering a model of smart grid which has three levels: transmission, micro-grid and local level. We have propose an algorithm for energy management at local level, based on renowned algorithms of scheduling. We model the problem into knapsack problem and then find an optimize solution set using our algorithm which partially based on least cost branch and bound algorithm. This algorithm controls adaptable and shift-able load of smart homes. This algorithm is able to normalize the peak demand and control the preference of home appliances, through distributing energy among appliances depending on their consumption and priority, without exceeding the already decided total energy.
Bioinspiration in Affective Motion Planning of an Anthropomorphic Robot for Affect-Based Human-Robot Collaborative Manufacturing

Affect-based robot-human communication is a nonverbal communication method that can help the robot communicate its mental states to the collaborating human during human-robot collaborative manufacturing. Such communication can make the manufacturing situations (events) transparent to the human and also impact the cognitive abilities of the human. All these may impact the overall manufacturing performance positively. In this paper, an anthropomorphic robot with affect display ability is used to collaborate with its human partner so that they can collaboratively assemble several parts to manufacture a finished product. Firstly, in order to receive bioinspiration, the affective features in a similar human-human collaborative assembly task are investigated. Secondly, based on the human’s affective features, the affect dynamics (the computational model of affect) for the robot is derived for the collaborative assembly task. Thirdly, based on the affect model, an affect-based intelligent motion planning strategy for the robot is developed so that the robot can dynamically adjust its affective states like a human with changes in the assembly task situations during the human-robot collaborative assembly task to make the assembly situations transparent to the human. Finally, the potential impacts of the proposed bio-inspired dynamic affect-based robot motion planning on human-robot interaction and manufacturing performance are discussed.
A MAP for PI3K activation on endosomes

PI3K–Akt signalling downstream of cell-surface receptor activation has long been thought to occur at the plasma membrane. However, surprising evidence now reveals activation of PI3Kα-mediated PI(3,4,5)P3 synthesis on endosomal membranes that is dependent upon the interaction of PI3Kα with the microtubule-associated protein MAP4.