cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Reduction of condom use errors from a brief, clinic-based intervention: a secondary analysis of data from a randomised, controlled trial of young black males

Objective To test the hypothesis that a brief, clinic-based, single-session programme will reduce the rate of 10 selected condom use errors in a clinical sample of young black men (YBM) ages 15 through 23 years. Methods Data were collected in clinics treating patients with sexually transmitted infections (STI) in three southern US cities. Males 15–23 years of age who identified as black/African–American, and reported recent (past 2 months) condom use were eligible. Only those also reporting condom use in the 2 months prior to a 6-month follow-up assessment (n=311) were included in this secondary analysis of data from a randomised, controlled trial. Difference scores were used to capture a Group×Time effect. Results YBM reported 2232 condom use events in the 2 months preceding study enrolment and 2042 in the 2 months preceding the follow-up assessment. Mean baseline error rates were 1.32 and 1.13 for young men randomised to the intervention and control conditions, respectively. Follow-up rates were 1.11 and 3.59 for young men randomised to the intervention and control conditions, respectively. Controlled findings yielded a significant effect for the influence of group assignment on the difference score (baseline to follow-up) in the condom use error rate (β=0.13; p=0.02). Conclusions A brief, clinic-based counselling programme produced modest reductions in condom use errors among YBM attending STI clinics in the southern USA Intensified clinic-based intervention that helps YBM improve the quality of their condom use behaviours is warranted. Trial registration number NCT00849823.
Mental status screening of emergency department patients: Normative study of the quick confusion scale

Objective: In order to increase the utility of the Quick Confusion Scale (QCS), a six-item, 15-point instrument used in screening for impaired mental status in an emergency department (ED) setting, clinical norms were established for an ED patient population. Methods: The QCS was administered to ED patients of a university-based hospital during a nine-week period. All subjects scoring less than 15 on the QCS were also administered the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE); 731 patients provided QCS scores for use in this study and 295 provided MMSE scores in addition to their QCS scores. Results: The internal consistency of the QCS was found to be within acceptable limits given that the briefness of the scale forced restriction in the variability coefficient. QCS scores were converted to a standardized metric (percentile ranks), population parameters were consulted, and two cutoff scores were established: one that suggests the likelihood of a cognitive impairment, signaling a need for further evaluation (QCS score of 11); and one that indicates an almost certain cognitive impairment (QCS score of 7). Percentile rank comparisons between subjects' scores on the MMSE and on the QCS provided additional validity for the cutoff scores. Conclusions: The QCS, in its focus on providing a quickly obtained, easily calculated, and readily interpreted score, presents a viable alternative to currently existing practices for assessing mental status in ED patients.
The Winter of the Arab Spring in the Gulf Monarchies

The Arab spring was quickly chilled in the Gulf states where monarchies proved more resilient in the face of political challenges than post-revolutionary states in North Africa and the fertile crescent. Money explains some of this resilience but so does the willingness to use the aegis of the Gulf Cooperation Council to apply deadly force against unarmed protestors in Bahrain, where severe repression of the Shiite majority continues and casts its shadow over the hopes of dissenters, young and older, for political opening in these authoritarian states. La primavera arabe se enfrio rapidamente en los estados del golfo en donde las monarquias demostraron mayor resistencia frente a los retos politicos que los estados posrevolucionarios en Africa del norte y el arco fertil. El dinero explica algo sobre esta resistencia, pero tambien la disposicion de usar el auspicio del Consejo de Cooperacion del Golfo, para aplicar una fuerza mortal contra los manifestantes desarmados en Bahrein, en donde una represion sever...
Development of New Faculty: Summary of the NSF-CMS WEE Workshop

The National Science Foundation-Civil and Mechanical Systems (NSF-CMS) Workshop on the Advancement and Retention of Underrepresented and Minority Engineering Educators (WEE) 2003 brought together approximately 75 future, new, and seasoned professors from universities all over the United States. The NSF workshop is intended to provide valuable information to new or prospective underrepresented and minority faculty to assist them with the start of their academic careers. However, the information provided in the workshop is universally applicable to all new engineering professors, who aspire to develop comprehensive research, teaching, and service programs. This paper provides a highlight of the workshop and summarizes some of the key information presented. Topics such as funding strategies, proposal writing, and advice for the new tenure track faculty member are given. Where appropriate, we have included supplemental information from the literature that supports or expands on topics discussed at the workshop.
Haloperidol kinetics after oral and intravenous doses

Haloperidol kinetics were determined after oral and intravenous drug doses in 15 men. Mean elimination t1/2 for the subjects was 17.9 +/- 6.4 (SD) hr. After 0.125 mg/kg IV, mean distribution t1/2s in six subjects were 0.19 +/- 0.07 and 2 +/- 1 hr, and in 12 subjects mean clearance was 11.8 +/- 2.9 ml/kg/min and mean steady-state volume of distribution was 17.8 +/- 6.5 l/kg. After 0.50-mg/kg oral doses in eight subjects, mean lag time before drug absorption was 0.82 +/- 0.25 hr. Mean absorption t1/2 was 0.37 +/- 0.18 hr and mean distribution t1/2 was 0.96 +/- 0.20 hr. Bioavailability was 0.65 +/- 0.14 after oral doses. In 14 kinetic studies in nine subjects, data was analyzed by both model-dependent (open two- and three-compartment models using nonlinear regression) and model-independent (AUC and first moment curve) approaches. Results of the two were found to be in close agreement. The long elimination t1/2 of haloperidol is explained by the drug's extensive tissue distribution.
Constitutive Mutations of the Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Transcriptional Virulence Regulator phoP

The PhoP-PhoQ two-component system is necessary for the virulence of Salmonella spp. and is responsible for regulating several modifications of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Mutagenesis of the transcriptional regulator phoP resulted in the identification of a mutant able to activate transcription of regulated genes ∼100-fold in the absence of PhoQ. Sequence analysis showed two single-base alterations resulting in amino acid changes at positions 93 (S93N) and 203 (Q203R). These mutations were individually created, and although each resulted in a constitutive phenotype, the double mutant displayed a synergistic effect both in the induction of PhoP-activated gene expression and in resistance to antimicrobial peptides. The constitutive phoP gene was placed under the control of an arabinose-inducible promoter to examine the kinetics of PhoP-activated gene induction and the resultant modifications of LPS. Gene induction and 2-hydroxymyristate modification of the lipid A were shown to occur within minutes of the addition of arabinose and to peak at 4 h. As the first constitutive mutant of phoP identified, this allele will be invaluable to future genetic and biochemical studies of this and likely other regulatory systems.
Concomitance of varicoceles and chronic venous insufficiency in young males

Introduction: The aim of this article was to evaluate the concomitance of symptomatic varicose veins and varicoceles in a young male patient group.Method: The study was conducted as a prospective, multicentre study in the cardiovascular outpatient clinics of two major military hospitals. The data of 1500 young male patients with symptomatic venous insufficiency were recorded regarding symptomatic varicoceles.Results: The median age of the patients was 21.2 ± 1.3 years. Symptomatic varicocele was a concomitant finding in 46.0% of the patients. In patients with chronic venous insufficiency, higher body mass index, high levels of smoking, standing occupation, positive family history, longer duration of symptoms and constipation were found as potential factors for concomitant varicocele in both univariate and multivariate analysis. A statistically significant, moderately positive correlation was found between grades of venous reflux in saphenofemoral junction and varicocele (Spearman's rho correlation r = 0.6...
An analysis of operating system behavior on a simultaneous multithreaded architecture

This paper presents the first analysis of operating system execution on a simultaneous multithreaded (SMT) processor. While SMT has been studied extensively over the past 6 years, previous research has focused entirely on user-mode execution. However, many of the applications most amenable to multithreading technologies spend a significant fraction of their time in kernel code. A full understanding of the behavior of such workloads therefore requires execution and measurement of the operating system, as well as the application itself.To carry out this study, we (1) modified the Digital Unix 4.0d operating system to run on an SMT CPU, and (2) integrated our SMT Alpha instruction set simulator into the SimOS simulator to provide an execution environment. For an OS-intensive workload, we ran the multithreaded Apache Web server on an 8-context SMT. We compared Apache's user- and kernel-mode behavior to a standard multiprogrammed SPECInt workload, and compared the SMT processor to an out-of-order superscalar running both workloads. Overall, our results demonstrate the microarchitectural impact of an OS-intensive workload on an SMT processor and provide insight into the OS demands of the Apache Web server. The synergy between the SMT processor and Web and OS software produced a greater throughput gain over superscalar execution than seen on any previously examined workloads, including commercial databases and explicitly parallel programs.
Climate Model for Winter Wheat Yield Simulation

Abstract Winter wheat yields were simulated by a model requiring climatic data as input for estimating crop evapotranspiration and phenological development. An assumed relationship between the winter wheat yields and the amount and timing of crop water use was optimized to simulate yields for two case studies: a single season, irrigated wheat study and a multi-year, dryland wheat study. The model explained more than 90% of the variance of wheat yields in the irrigated study where total irrigation amounts varied between 0 and 55 cm. About 40% of the variance was explained for annual yields from a 21-year, dryland winter wheat study.
In Re Ehmann: Bankruptcy Court Decision Portends Problems for Manager-Managed LLCs

The LLC has been touted for its many advantages, one of which is the ability of an LLC to protect the assets from claims of creditors of persons that are members in the LLC. In the case of In re Ehmann, [1] however, the Bankruptcy Court for the District of Arizona held that a trustee in bankruptcy had the power to exercise all of the management rights held by a debtor who was a member of an LLC. The court indicated that the trustee's rights might include such broad powers as the right to redeem the LLC interest, seek appointment of a receiver to operate the LLC in accordance with the LLC's purposes and the members' rights or to seek the dissolution, winding up, and liquidation of the LLC. The result in Ehmann raises concerns that bankruptcy courts may be willing to allow trustees in bankruptcy to interfere with the management of an LLC for the benefit of a debtor's creditors and to the detriment of the nondebtor members of the LLC. This column discusses the Ehmann case and its relevance to persons who own interests in an LLC.
Leg Muscle Mass and Foot Symptoms, Structure, and Function: The Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project

Background. Loss of muscle mass occurs with aging and in lower limbs it may be accelerated by foot problems. In this cross-sectional analysis, we evaluated the relationship of leg muscle mass to foot symptoms (presence or absence of pain, aching, or stiffness), structure while standing (high arch or low arch), and function while walking (pronated or supinated) in a community-based study of Caucasian and African American men and women who were 50–95 years old. Methods. In the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project, leg muscle mass was measured with whole body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and plantar foot pressure data, using predetermined values, were used to classify foot structure and function. Sex-specific crude and adjusted (age, body mass index, and race) linear regression models examined associations of leg muscle mass index (Leg muscle mass [kg] / Height [m] 2 ) with foot symptoms, structure, and function. Results. Complete data were available for 1,037 participants (mean age 68 years, mean body mass index 31 kg/m 2 , 68% women, 29% African American). In women, pronated foot function was associated with lower leg muscle mass in crude (p = .02), but not adjusted (p = .22), models. A low arch was associated with a higher leg muscle mass in adjusted models for both men and women (p < .01). Conclusions. Leg muscle mass was associated with foot structure in our biracial sample, whereas relations between leg muscle mass and foot function were attenuated by age, body mass index, and race. Future longitudinal analyses are needed to explain the temporal relationship between these conditions and how they relate to other aspects of impairment and physical function.
Big Rights, Small Citizens

In this important book, Margaret Somers sets herself the ambitious task of developing an analytic and empirical approach to citizenship as ‘‘the right to have rights’’ and elaborates an ‘‘architectonics of citizenship’’ (p. 35) in terms of the historical, contemporary, and normative ‘‘triadic’’ institutional assemblage of state, market, and civil society (p. 30). Her main adversary is market fundamentalism in all its varieties. The book offers many profound insights into the genealogies of concept formation relevant to her task, and ranges across a wide array of what she calls ‘‘knowledge cultures’’ (p. 51). As such, it is a most worthy read for all social scientists.
Evolutionary Optimization of Satellite Formation Topology Over a Region of Interest

An evolutionary computing approach, based on Differential Evolution (DE), is explored as a means for solving a class of multi-satellite formation trajectory problems having topological constraints defined for a region of interest. The orbital mission constraints of NASA’s Magnetospheric Multi-Scale Mission (MMS) is used as motivation and a reference case upon which model test cases are developed for the DE-based trajectory optimization. A satellite formation (N = 4) is centered on a highly eccentric initial reference orbit and a single impulse for each satellite in the formation – deployed at specified true anomaly and with a specified configuration – is sought such that the formation maintains a tetrahedral structure within ±20◦ of apogee. While impulses were found that allowed for quality to be maximized within a bounded formation size, none of the trials were able to meet the full ±20◦ anomaly window; this is likely due to the highly-constraining single impulse limitation within this study, compared to the actual MMS mission design. Numerical tests were then extended to determine the largest ROI, centered about apogee, at which the tetrahedral quality and side-length goals were met. A select set of results was extended into multiple orbits about Earth so as to demonstrate the ability to account for long-term perturbation effects arising from Earth oblateness and atmospheric drag. While these cases did not completely satisfy mission requirements, the extension of computational framework to handle both multiple revolutions – and a ROI window within a given revolution – was successfully demonstrated.
Preparation of intestine and other elongated specimens for histologic and immunofluorescent studies.

A method for preparation of intestine and other tubular or elongated structures for histologic and fluorescent studies has been devised. The method utilizes a simple rolling device upon which the specimen is wound prior to fixation. With this method, artifacts are minimized, and all portions of the specimen may be visualized in a single section.
Why Power Contenders Choose LiberalizationPerspectives from South America

Liberalization of military-authoritarian regimes in South America is taking place under conditions which make its outcome dependent on a kind of debate, rather than on either revolution or conformity with traditions. A key element in its analysis, therefore, is the interests of major actors, and their calculations of how liberalized regimes will affect them. “Liberalization” is defined as increasing competitiveness (as distinct from “democratization,” which includes increasing categories of participants), and four dimensions of a liberal policy-making process are identified: location of responsibility, basis of dissident control, pluralism, and openness of information flows. The military, state administrators, economic groups, organized labor, and others see these varying dimensions differently. There are three recent changes in political conditions generally characteristic of these South American countries that are shifting the sum of these varying calculations toward liberalization: a shift in the character of the political agenda; changes in the level and type of conflict; and the failure of political control to keep pace with a rapidly expanding state apparatus.
Analysis on the epidemiology and etiology data of influenza like illness cases in Shandong Province from 2009 to 2012

Objective To understand the epidemic rules,viral type and activity level of influenza in Shandong Province from 2009 to2012,to provide scientific information for supervision and early warning of influenza.Methods Influenza like illness data were filled in web based forms,and throat and nasal swabs were collected in monitoring.Influenza virus was isolated in MDCK cell line.And influenza virus type was identified with hemagglutination inhibition test.Results During the past four years,influenza like illness accounted for 2.25 % of the total outpatients(446 406 out of 19 877 694).The ILI% of each year was 3.16%,1.98%,2.11% and2.01%,respectively.Statistical analysis results showed there was a difference between ILI%(P0.05).74.0% of ILI cases was children younger than 5.In total,40 257 specimen had been detected,from which 8 960 specimen(22.42%) was tested positive.From 2009 to 2012,the positive rate was 48.67%,17.28%,8.90% and 14.04%,respectively(P0.05).Spearman correlation analysis,r=0.874(P0.05),showed ILI% and isolating rate of virus strain were positively correlative.Conclusion Influenza virus is more active in 2009.The preceding strain changes with some uncertain rules.The epidemic character of ILI and active trend of influenza virus are highly similar.
Blood ammonia and electrolytes in hepatic coma.

Abstract Twenty-two patients with cirrhosis have been observed clinically in various stages of hepatic coma. Serial biochemical measurements of serum pH, carbon dioxide content, and chloride, sodium, and potassium concentrations, and of blood nonprotein nitrogen and ammonia content, and of hematocrit and hemoglobin were made. Twenty of these patients died in hepatic coma. The presence of a "flapping" tremor was a grave prognostic sign. Characteristic electroencephalographic patterns were found in five of the seven patients in whom tracings were taken. The mean data indicated no abnormality in acid-base equilibrium of the blood; however, a consistently diminished serum sodium and chloride concentration was noted in the patients with coma. This has been related to the presence of ascites and in some patients to oliguria and abnormally large fluid intakes. No correlation between individual biochemical abnormalities of sodium, chloride, potassium, or acid-base equilibrium and clinical status was evident. In individual cases, such abnormalities may play a contributory role in the development of hepatic coma. Elevation of the blood ammonia was noted in patients with cirrhosis of the liver, both with and without impending coma or coma. No precise correlation in serial measurements was noted between blood ammonia level and degree of consciousness.
Hydrogeology of Caves in the Sierra de El Abra Region

The hydrogeology of the El Abra region has a very dynamic history. Surface and underground rivers have broadly changed their paths throughout time. A simple model for estimating the age of caves by assessing rates of uplift/erosion is proposed. It is likely that not a single one of the river caves that currently house Astyanax populations had been formed when the original wave of colonization occurred 4.6-1.12 mya (million years ago). Colonization had to occur at higher-level caves. As the zone uplifted and eroded, deeper-level cave passages formed. Capture and sequestration of the underground streams allowed the ancestral population(s) to migrate to their current localities.
More than 40% of those not taking antiseizure medication with recent seizures reported that epilepsy or its treatment interfered with their recent activities, 2010 and 2013 US National Health Interview Surveys.

Abstract From the combined 2010 and 2013 National Health Interview Surveys, we estimated US national age-standardized prevalence of adults with active epilepsy who reported that a nervous system/sensory organ condition caused a limitation (e.g., walking; memory; or physical, mental, or emotional problems) and, separately, that epilepsy interfered with their activities (e.g., working, schooling, or socializing) during the 30 days preceding the survey. Sixty-one percent of adults who took antiseizure medication and had recent seizures and 51% of those who took medication and had no seizures reported having limitations caused by a nervous system/sensory organ condition. Sixty-two percent of adults who took antiseizure medication and had recent seizures and 20% of those who took medication and had no seizures reported that epilepsy or its treatment interfered with their recent activities. Forty-one percent of those who did not take medication and had recent seizures also reported that epilepsy interfered with their activities. To reduce activity limitations in people with epilepsy, health and social service providers can ensure that adequate policies and practices that promote access to high quality care and social participation are in effect in organizations and communities.
Detergents: Friends not foes for high‐performance membrane proteomics toward precision medicine

Precision medicine, particularly therapeutics, emphasizes the atomic-precise, dynamic, and systems visualization of human membrane proteins and their endogenous modifiers. For years, bottom-up proteomics has grappled with removing and avoiding detergents, yet faltered at the therapeutic-pivotal membrane proteins, which have been tackled by classical approaches and are known for decades refractory to single-phase aqueous or organic denaturants. Hydrophobicity and aggregation commonly challenge tissue and cell lysates, biofluids, and enriched samples. Frequently, expected membrane proteins and peptides are not identified by shotgun bottom-up proteomics, let alone robust quantitation. This review argues the cause of this proteomic crisis is not detergents per se, but the choice of detergents. Recently, inclusion of compatible detergents for membrane protein extraction and digestion has revealed stark improvements in both quantitative and structural proteomics. This review analyzes detergent properties behind recent proteomic advances, and proposes that rational use of detergents may reconcile outstanding membrane proteomics dilemmas, enabling ultradeep coverage and minimal artifacts for robust protein and endogenous PTM measurements. The simplicity of detergent tools confers bottom-up membrane proteomics the sophistication toward precision medicine.
Function Theory on Differentiable Submanifolds

Publisher Summary This chapter presents an analytic continuation of holomorphic functions defined on or near a subset of ℂ n to some larger set. This is the Hartogs phenomenon, restricted to function theory in ℂ n , n > 1. In particular, the chapter discusses which subsets of ℂ n have or do not have this type of property—the holomorphic extension problem. It also discusses the approximation of continuous functions on a subset 5 of ℂ n by functions holomorphic near the set 5 in a uniform norm. This is the Weierstrass approximation property stemming from the classical Weierstrass approximation theorem in R n —the holomorphic approximation problem. There is an intimate relation between these two problems.
BIOSTRATIGRAPHY OF THE CENOMANIAN–TURONIAN EAGLE FORD SHALE OF SOUTH TEXAS

The Cenomanian–Turonian Eagle Ford Shale of south Texas occupies an important gateway between the Western Interior Seaway (WIS) of North America and the Gulf of Mexico. While the Eagle Ford north of the San Marcos Arch and its stratigraphic equivalents to the east of the Sabine Arch are shallow-water sediments dominated by terrigenous clastics, the more distal localities in south Texas are dominated by hemi-pelagic carbonates draped over an Early Cretaceous carbonate platform, called the Comanche Platform, and adjacent submarine plateaus and basins. This region was strongly affected by major oceanographic changes during the Cenomanian-Turonian, particularly a significant transgression that drove localized upwelling and organic matter burial in the Lower Eagle Ford prior to the global Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE2). These pre-OAE2 organic-rich shales are the basis of Eagle Ford shale gas play, which has spurred commercial and academic research into many aspects of the geology of the Eagle Ford Group. Much of this research has been fairly locally focused, and little effort has been made to understand the timing of events across the platform. We compared new data from three study sites across south Texas—Lozier Canyon in Terrell Co.; Bouldin Creek in Travis Co., near the San Marcos Arch in the center of the Comanche Platform; and Swift Energy’s Fasken Core in Webb Co., off the platform on the Rio Grande Submarine Plateau—as well as published data from near Big Bend National Park on the western margin, and from Atacosta and Karnes counties on the eastern margin. Using these data we document the occurrence of key foraminiferal species across the platform and present a regional biostratigraphic scheme incorporating five global planktic foraminiferal zones (and contemporaneous occurrences that may serve as proxies for the zonal markers, which tend to be rare in Texas) and four local origination or acme events that serve as useful secondary markers. The succession of events is: 1) highest occurrence (HO) Favusella washitensis , 2) lowest occurrence (LO) Rotalipora cushmani , 3) “Benthonic Zone”, 4) HO R. cushmani and/or Thalmaninella greenhornensis , 5) “ Heterohelix shift”, 6) LO “Anomalina W”, 7) LO Helvetoglobotruncana helvetica , 8) HO H . sp., and 9) LO Dicarinella concavata . Overall, we show that lithologic and geochemical trends through most of the Eagle Ford, particularly the oxygenation at the onset of OAE2 and the concurrent shift to more carbonate-rich lithologies, are synchronous across the Comanche Platform. However, the transition from the Eagle Ford Group to the Austin Chalk varies in age. While Austin Chalk deposition began in the middle Turonian Marginotruncana schneegansi Zone on the Rio Grande Submarine Plateau, a transgressive surface on the Comanche Platform (known as the “Rubble Zone” in central Texas) represents a condensed interval at the top of the Eagle Ford that ends in the upper Turonian D. concavata Zone. This is part of a transgressive disconformity that extends north through the WIS, where it is associated with the Juana Lopez Calcarenite.
On-line measurements of processes and products in the pulp and paper industry

Abstract This review discusses the present state of instrumentation technology and new sensor developments with potential for application in the pulp and paper industry. After a few historical data, sensors for the measurement of process and product state variables common to many operations are discussed, followed by a detailed look at process instruments specifically used at the various production steps from wood chipping to finishing operations and measurements for emission control. Microprocessors are becoming an integral part of many process sensors, while at the same time forming the first line of an hierarchial mill-wide computer control system. The measurement of some key variables still presents a challenge to instrument manufacturers, while process sensors for new product state variables are already in development.
Compact and Efficient WFST-Based Decoders for Handwriting Recognition

We present two weighted finite-state transducer (WFST) based decoders for handwriting recognition. One decoder is a cloud-based solution that is both compact and efficient. The other is a device-based solution that has a small memory footprint. A compact WFST data structure is proposed for the cloud-based decoder. There are no output labels stored on transitions of the compact WFST. A decoder based on the compact WFST data structure produces the same result with significantly less footprint compared with a decoder based on the corresponding standard WFST. For the device-based decoder, on-the-fly language model rescoring is performed to reduce footprint. Careful engineering methods, such as WFST weight quantization, token and data type refinement, are also explored. When using a language model containing 600,000 n-grams, the cloud-based decoder achieves an average decoding time of 4.04 ms per text line with a peak footprint of 114.4 MB, while the device-based decoder achieves an average decoding time of 13.47 ms per text line with a peak footprint of 31.6 MB.
Partial tandem duplication of KMT2A (MLL) may predict a subset of myelodysplastic syndrome with unique characteristics and poor outcome.

Partial tandem duplication (PTD) of the KMT2A (MLL) gene is detected in approximately 5-10% of cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML)[1][1]–[5][2] and within cases showing normal karyotype, confers a worse prognosis.[2][3],[6][4],[7][5] In these patients, the duplications are variable in size and
Logical Revision Re-revisited: On the Wright/Salerno Case for Intuitionism

In ``Revising the Logic of LogicalRevision'' (Philosophical Studies 99,211–227) J. Salerno attempts to undermineCrispin Wright's recent arguments forintuitionism, and to replace Wright andDummett's arguments with a revisionary argumentof his own. I show that Salerno's criticismsof Wright involve both attributing an inferenceto Wright that no intuitionist would make andfallaciously treating a negative universal asan existential negative. Then I show how verygeneral considerations about the nature ofwarrant undermine both Wright and Salerno'sarguments, when these arguments are applied todiscourses with defeasible warrants. WhileSalerno explicitly restricts his discussion tomathematics, Wright and Dummett intend theirrevisionary arguments to have much widerscope.
Mammillary fistula revisited: Implications for immediate breast reconstruction

We present two patients with inverted nipples who underwent bilateral nipple-sparing mastectomies (NSM) with immediate placement of tissue expanders with acellular dermal matrix (ADM). Both were complicated by postoperative infection and developed mammillary fistulae from the nipple into the breast capsule, and eroding through the ADM. For the first time, we report inverted nipples as a risk for the iatrogenic formation of mammillary fistulae and their infectious implications after NSM.
A New Species of Trillium (Melanthiaceae) from Central Georgia and its Phylogenetic Position in Subgenus Sessilium

Analysis of molecular phylogenetic data was used to reveal the existence of a novel species of Trillium subgen. Sessilium. Trillium delicatum sp. nov. differs from the two other low-growing species of the subgenus, T. decumbens and T. reliquum, in features such as straight stems and dung-scented flowers. It occurs in wet floodplain forests in the Oconee and Ocmulgee river drainages in central Georgia, and has a distinct floral scent compared to thewide spectrum in Trillium. The molecular phylogenetic results based on four markers (nuclear ribosomal ITS and plastid trnHpsbA, trnL-trnF, and rpl32-trnL spacers) included samples of all species of the subgenus, and documented the distinctiveness of T. delicatum as a distinct taxon and also provided resolution of species relationships that suggested that the subgenus originated in southeastern North America with twomigrations towestern North America. The molecular results also suggested the need for closer examination of T. cuneatum and T. lancifolium, and also to assess whether T. decipiens and T. underwoodii are distinct species. Based on the few known populations and susceptibility to damage by hogs, Trillium delicatum is a rare species requiring protection.
Smart Traffic Management System using Deep Learning for Smart City Applications

Already known as densely populated areas with land use including housing, transportation, sanitation, utilities and communication, nowadays, cities tend to grow even bigger. Genuine road-user's types are emerging with further technological developments to come. As cities population size escalates, and roads getting congested, government agencies such as Department of Transportation (DOT) through the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) are in pressing need to perfect their management systems with new efficient technologies. The challenge is to anticipate on never before seen problems, in their effort to save lives and implement sustainable cost-effective management systems. To make things yet more complicated and a bit daunting, self-driving car will be authorized in a close future in crowded major cities where roads are to be shared among pedestrians, cyclists, cars, and trucks. Roads sizes and traffic signaling will need to be constantly adapted accordingly. Counting and classifying turning vehicles and pedestrians at an intersection is an exhausting task and despite traffic monitoring systems use, human interaction is heavily required for counting. Our approach to resolve traffic intersection turning-vehicles counting is less invasive, requires no road dig up or costly installation. Live or recorded videos from already installed camera all over the cities can be used as well as any camera including cellphones. Our system is based on Neural Network and Deep Learning of object detection along computer vision technology and several methods and algorithms. Our approach will work on still images, recorded-videos, real-time live videos and will detect, classify, track and compute moving object velocity and direction using convolution neural network. Created based upon series of algorithms modeled after the human brain, our system uses NVIDIA Video cards with GPU, CUDA, OPENCV and mathematical vectors systems to perform.
Coda: From Scorpions to Spiders in A.S. Byatt’s Possession

Moving to the present, this chapter briefly considers the DSM V definition of OCD before arguing that vestiges of Romantic obsession remain in our popular media like television, films, and print. I briefly consider the role of storytelling in Tim Burton’s Big Fish and obsession with the military in Kathryn Bigelow’s The Hurt Locker, ending with a close reading of A. S. Byatt’s novel, in which a desire for knowledge, curiosity, and also erotic desire “possess” the main characters. In the conclusion, I point to the importance of looking to the Romantics to remind us of the constructed nature of obsession, mental illness, and other markers of the “norm.”
Coaching Health Care Leaders and Teams in Psychiatry

Ongoing professional development is essential across the career development life span. Coaching is emerging as an effective intervention to support career, personal, and leadership development of both individuals and teams in health care, given the high levels of volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity that our physicians and organizations face. Coaches, in contrast to mentors, avoid giving direct advice to clients, while still providing self-awareness and other-awareness and accountability to their goals. The use of coaches increases the flexibility of supporting our psychiatrists with a team of supporters, distilling the time of busy mentors to advise primarily on their content expertise.
Mechanisms and Clinical Applications of Stem Cell Therapy

Abstract Stem cell therapy is a topic of great interest for disorders of the central nervous system (CNS), which are associated with limited regenerative potential. These technologies have been applied in preclinical disease models and in recent clinical trials, with mixed but overall promising data regarding their safety and efficacy. In this chapter, we discuss common categories of stem cells and their sources, as well as their therapeutic mechanisms and clinical applications. We also provide an overview of several disorders of the CNS and describe how recent clinical trials have evaluated the efficacy of stem cell therapy for these conditions.
Designing Technology Platforms for Collective Co-Production: Advice When Selecting Crowdsourcing Platforms

How should the technology platform look like in order to unmindcuff the crowd in a way that collective production occurs? Since our initial search for technology platforms did not turn up any platforms that unmindcuffed the crowd, we describe the crowdsourcing platform interface which should be in place, which can make the difference between a less productive Idea-Sharing crowd and a crowd with the capability of collectively producing innovative ideas. We frame our guidance in terms of design principles, that is, guidelines for ensuring that the platform will promote collective production.
Metastatic Tumors of the Uvea

Tumor metastasis to the eye is a rare phenomenon. Some malignant tumors such as breast and lung cancer are most frequent primary tumors to metastasize to the eye. Ocular metastasis may present in the setting of a known primary malignancy or in absence of a known primary tumor. In all suspected cases of metastases, a thorough work up is necessary to diagnose the primary malignancy. Intraocular metastasis is predominantly uveal in location, most frequently to the choroid but also to the iris and ciliary body, with rare exception of retinal metastasis. The presenting symptoms may vary according to the site of tumor metastasis within the uvea. The differential diagnosis of uveal metastasis includes primary ocular tumors such as amelanotic uveal melanoma, choroidal hemangioma, scleritis, and inflammatory granuloma. Primary tumors are often unifocal while metastatic tumors tend to be multifocal or bilateral. Discussion with the primary oncologist may help further guide diagnostic imaging. Biopsy of the uveal metastasis is considered, if the initial imaging studies are inconclusive. In general, the treatment is guided by the type of primary tumor and extent of metastasis within the eye and elsewhere. Treatment decisions are also made in consultation with the primary oncologist. Overall survival prognosis depends on the nature of primary malignancy, extent of spread, and available treatment options as determined in consultation with the primary oncologist.
Deconstruction of wood-framed houses: Material recovery and environmental impact

Abstract Deconstruction is the process of disassembling a physical structure to its components in reverse order to that used during construction with minimum damage so that they maintain their original physical properties and structural integrity. In the United States single family houses are constructed of wood frames. Deconstruction is increasingly considered a viable option to demolition in the removal of such buildings. The study reported herein analysis the reduction in GHG emissions and energy savings of recovering the reusable material for the purpose of resale, as a whole and in increments, to that of terminal disposal (landfilling). The analysis examined the following scenarios: (a) current practice in the US , (b) current practice in the European Union , (c) maximum reuse (all recovered materials will be reused), (d) maximum recycling (all recovered materials will be recycled—no reuse), and (e) soft-stripping reuse (only the material that were collected during soft-stripping will be reused, all else will be recycled), using the Waste Reduction Model. The reduction in greenhouse gas emission in the maximum recycling scenario was the highest observed across all scenarios. Soft-stripped materials saved more energy than recycling and contributed to nearly half of the resale value of salvaged materials.
Maximum Entropy Production by Technology

The dominant mode of entropy production enabled by the large-scale technological systems that power the world economy is the degradation of chemical energy in fossil fuels. One key parameter determining the rates of fossil fuel consumption and entropy production is the price of energy. The Rayleigh-Benard cell provides a laboratory analog in which, for a given driving force, the rate of entropy production is determined by the value of the thermal boundary layer thickness, whose inverse plays a role similar to that of price in large fossil fuel systems. In steady, serial systems like the diffusion-advection-diffusion Rayleigh-Benard cell or the oilfield-pipeline-city “technology cell”, an auto-control parameter like price or boundary layer thickness is required to coordinate spatially separated energy source and sink dynamics. For complex fossil fuel technologies the implicit and often unknown dependence of such control parameters on intrinsic system variables can hide internal constraints. If applied in the absence of knowledge of such constraints, the principle of Maximum Entropy Production (MaxEP) would yield, for sufficiently complex systems, an upper limit to rather than the actual value of the entropy production rate. Internal constraints on technology-enabled energy consumption, however, may represent only temporary hangups on the road toward a larger entropy production rate.
In Reply: Insulin before surgery (November 2013)

Readers comment on managing insulin before surgery (November 2013), a CME test question regarding treating hypertension in the elderly (December 2013), preventing stress ulcer in hospitalized patients (January 2014), and assessing albuminuria (January 2014).
Laser interstitial thermal therapy in neuro-oncology applications.

Background Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a minimally invasive surgical treatment for multiple intracranial pathologies that are of growing interest to neurosurgeons and their patients and is emerging as an effective alternative to standard of care open surgery in the neurosurgical armamentarium. This option was initially considered for those patients with medical comorbidities and lesion-specific characteristics that confer excessively high risk for resection through a standard craniotomy approach but indications are changing. Methods The PubMed database was searched for studies in the English literature on LITT for the treatment of primary and metastatic brain tumors, meningiomas, as well as for radiation necrosis (RN) in previously irradiated brain tumors. Results This review provides an update of the relevant literature regarding application of LITT in neurosurgical oncology for the treatment of de novo and recurrent primary gliomas and brain metastases radiographically regrowing after previous irradiation as recurrent tumor or RN. In addition, this review details the limited experience of LITT with meningiomas and symptomatic peritumoral edema after radiosurgery. The advantages and disadvantages, indications, and comparisons to standard of care treatments such as craniotomy for open surgical resection are discussed for each pathology. Finally, the literature on cost-benefit analyses for LITT are reviewed. Conclusion The studies discussed in this review have helped define the role of LITT in neurosurgical oncology and delineate optimal patient selection and tumor characteristics most suitable to this intervention.
A Constructivist Model for Redesigning AI Tutors in Mathematics

This chapter suggests a new approach to designing AI tutors that grew primarily out of results from a study that is reported in greater detail in a paper entitled The development of tutoring capabilities in middle school mathematics teachers (Lesh & Kelly, in press). That study focused on a ten-week project in which real human tutors provided the intelligence behind a computer-based tutoring system. Our goal was to investigate the understandings, assumptions, and procedures that were really used in tutoring by teachers who were at various levels of expertise — and to observe the evolution of these tutoring abilities over time, as tutoring effectiveness gradually improved.
DFT study on binding of single and double methane with aromatic hydrocarbons and graphene: stabilizing CH…HC interactions between two methane molecules

Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to examine the binding strength of one and two methane molecule(s) with graphene (62 and 186 carbon atoms) and model systems of aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, pyrene, and coronene). We explored different possibilities of binding modes of methane such as one, two, and three C-H interacting with small π-systems. Two methane molecules were considered to bind from the same as well as opposite sides of the plane of benzene and other π-systems including graphene models. Our results show that methane molecule prefers to bind with three C-H…π interactions with all the π-systems except benzene. The preference of tripod configuration of methane on the surface of graphene systems strongly agrees with the neutron diffraction experiment of methane on graphitized carbon black. The binding strength is almost doubled by increasing the number of methane molecules from one to two. Importantly, two methane molecules prefer to bind on the same side rather than opposite sides of the plane of graphene due to stabilizing CH…HC interactions between them in addition to six C-H…π interactions. Interestingly, binding strength contributions from CH…HC interactions (approx. 0.4–0.5 kcal/mol) of two methane molecules on the surface are analogous to methane dimer complex free from the surface of graphene. C-H stretching frequency shifts, bond lengths, and binding distances support the presence of CH…HC interactions between two methane molecules. Structures of complexes, binding energies, and C-H stretching frequency shifts agree with available experimental data.