cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic management of bladder ectopic pregnancy

Abstract Ectopic pregnancy is a potentially life-threatening condition and still the major cause of maternal mortality in the first trimester of pregnancy. It accounts for approximately 10% of maternal deaths. The involvement of the urinary tract is rare, usually occurring after the rupture of an abdominal implanted ectopic embryonic sac. We herein present a case of an ectopic pregnancy implanted in the bladder and successful laparoscopic management. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of abdominal pregnancy on the bladder wall in a natural cycle and successful laparoscopic management.
Rethinking Citizenship Through Alienage and Birthright Privilege

The assumption that the boundaries of justice and democracy coincide with the territorial boundaries of states is subject to increasing normative critique. Linda Bosniak and Ayelet Shachar’s recent books are part of this charge; their common starting point is the tension between a commitment to bounded citizenship that privileges citizens over noncitizens and the moral cosmopolitan claim that all human beings, regardless of their citizenship status, are entitled to equal concern and respect. Bosniak’s focus is on the territorial interior and the difference that citizenship status does and doesn’t make to the legal rights a territorially present person is entitled do. Shachar critiques birthright citizenship laws, which are a central mechanism by which global inequality is sustained. This review essay argues that while these authors identify important new challenges and offer innovative proposals, they only take us part of the way toward meeting the challenge of articulating citizenship’s ethical significance and the relationship between our national and global obligations.
Characterization of α-Synuclein Multimer Stoichiometry in Complex Biological Samples by Electrophoresis

The aberrant aggregation of α-synuclein in the brain is a hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD). In vivo soluble α-synuclein occurs as a monomer and several multimers, the latter of which may be important for the biological function of α-synuclein. Currently, there is a lack of reproducible methods to compare α-synuclein multimer abundance between complex biological samples. Here we developed a method, termed “multimer-PAGE,” that combines in-gel chemical cross-linking with several common electrophoretic techniques to measure the stoichiometry of soluble α-synuclein multimers in brain tissue lysates. Results show that soluble α-synuclein from the rat brain exists as several high molecular weight species of approximately 56 kDa (αS56), 80 kDa (αS80), and 100 kDa (αS100) that comigrate with endogenous lipids, detergents, and/or micelles during blue native gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE). Co-extraction of endogenous lipids with α-synuclein was essential for the detection of soluble α-synuclein multimers. Homoge...
“T2 = L”: Theory and Technology Combine for Learning

Telelecture as a topic has received minimal space in the literature and/or research attention. Of that written and the research reported, only positive outcomes are depicted. In this article the use of telelecture in a continuing education course for registered nurses in two rural states is described. A critique of the author's experience in the use of this technology and an analysis of the use of cognitive learning theory in course design is presented. The author suggests that a major variable to success in the use of telelecture is the skill of the teacher/lecturer as a facilitator to solicit, organize and present material in a manner most useful to the learner.
A Survey on Human Resources of Schools of Public Health in Universities of China and U. S.

An investigation into the human resources of Schools of Public Health in universities of China and America shows that the number of specialized staff out of all the researchers in Schools of Public Health in universities of U.S.A is much higher than that in universities of China.Therefore,the abundance of human resources is the key factor to determine the international academic rankings of world-famous research univer-sities,and the imbalance of talent distribution should be altered to increase the proportion of specialized staff,so as to increase the international competitive ability of the education of public health in universities of China.
Research on AES encryption compoent base on CRT operation mode

In this paper,an AES algorithm and a description on the necessity and principle of the CRT algorithm operation mode have been researched and implemented.A cross-platform and reusability COM is built with COM's excellent characteristics by encapsulating the AES algorithm into one component based on the CRT operation mode.
No Absolutism Here: Harm Predicts Moral Judgment 30× Better Than Disgust-Commentary on Scott, Inbar, & Rozin (2016).

Moral absolutism is the idea that people’s moral judgments are insensitive to considerations of harm. Scott, Inbar, and Rozin (2016, this issue) claim that most moral opponents to genetically modified organisms are absolutely opposed—motivated by disgust and not harm. Yet there is no evidence for moral absolutism in their data. Perceived risk/harm is the most significant predictor of moral judgments for “absolutists,” accounting for 30 times more variance than disgust. Reanalyses suggest that disgust is not even a significant predictor of the moral judgments of absolutists once accounting for perceived harm and anger. Instead of revealing actual moral absolutism, Scott et al. find only empty absolutism: hypothetical, forecasted, self-reported moral absolutism. Strikingly, the moral judgments of so-called absolutists are somewhat more sensitive to consequentialist concerns than those of nonabsolutists. Mediation reanalyses reveal that moral judgments are most proximally predicted by harm and not disgust, c...
Drinking to belong: The effect of a friendship threat and self-esteem on college student drinking

AbstractThe current study examined how implicit and explicit self-esteem and time spent drinking with friends influence college student drinking after a friendship threat manipulation. Poisson regression analyses revealed that students with low implicit self-esteem showed a greater increase in alcohol consumption when drinking with friends after experiencing a friendship threat than in the control condition. These effects were not found among students with high implicit self-esteem. A similar, but weaker, pattern emerged when testing the independent effects of explicit self-esteem. We suggest that low self-esteem students are drinking because they lack the self-resources to deal with unmet belongingness needs. These findings suggest that low implicit self-esteem may be a risk factor for college student drinking.
Influence of Surveillance PET/CT on Detection of Early Recurrence After Definitive Radiation in Stage III Non-small-cell Lung Cancer.

Abstract Background There are few data to support the use of varying imaging modalities in evaluating recurrence in non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We compared the efficacy of surveillance positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) versus CT scans of the chest in detecting recurrences after definitive radiation for NSCLC. Materials and Methods We retrospectively analyzed 200 patients treated between 2000 and 2011 who met the inclusion criteria of stage III NSCLC, completion of definitive radiation treatment, and absence of recurrence within the initial 6 months. These patients were then grouped on the basis of the use of PET/CT imaging during postradiation surveillance. Patients who received ≥ 1 PET/CT scans within 6 months of the end of radiation treatment were placed in the PET group whereas all others were placed in the CT group. We compared survival times from the end of treatment to the date of death or last follow-up using log rank tests. Multivariate analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with decreased survival. Results In the entire cohort, median event-free survival (EFS) was 26.7 months, and median overall survival (OS) was 41.2 months. The CT group had a median EFS of 21.4 months versus 29.4 months for the PET group ( P = .59). There was no difference in OS between the CT and PET groups (median OS of 41.2 and 41.3 months, respectively; P = .59). There was also no difference in local recurrence-free survival or distant metastases-free survival between the CT-only and PET/CT groups ( P = .92 and P = .30, respectively). Similarly, in multivariate analysis, stratification into the PET group was not associated with improved EFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.61-1.34; P = .60) or OS (HR, 1.2; 95% CI, 0.83-1.7; P = .34). Conclusions In stage III NSCLC patients treated with definitive radiation and without early recurrence, PET/CT scan surveillance did not result in decreased time to detection of locoregional or distant recurrence or improved survival.
Optimal feeder reconfiguration and distributed generation placement for reliability improvement

This paper presents a methodology to determine the optimal distribution system feeder reconfiguration and distributed generation placement simultaneously, and is optimal in that the system reliability is maximized. An important consideration of optimal distribution system feeder reconfiguration is the effect of the variable output of intermittent resources. The work presented in this paper considers the stochastic behavior of variable resources, and open/close status of the sectionalizing and tie-switches as variables in determining the optimal DG locations and optimal configuration that enhance system reliability. Genetic algorithm is applied to search for the optimal or near-optimal solution. The proposed method is demonstrated on a 33-bus radial distribution system, which is extensively used as an example in solving the distribution system reconfiguration problem.
Modulating the malignancy of Hox proteins.

In this issue of Blood , [Cusan et al][1] identify a proline-rich regulatory domain in the transcription factor HOXB4, whose presence is anticorrelated with leukemic potential of Hox genes.[1][2] Hox genes have the interesting property of specifying both spatial identity along the rostrocaudal axis
Abstract functional second-order stochastic evolution equations with applications

We investigate a class of abstract second-order damped functional stochastic evolution equations driven by a fractional Brownian motion in a separable Hilbert space. The global existence of mild solutions is established under various growth and compactness conditions. The case of a nonlocal initial condition is addressed. A related convergence result is discussed, and the theory is applied to stochastic wave and beam equations, as well as a spring-mass system, for illustrative purposes.
Kallistatin suppresses cancer development by multi-factorial actions.

Kallistatin was first identified in human plasma as a tissue kallikrein-binding protein and a serine proteinase inhibitor. Kallistatin via its two structural elements regulates differential signaling cascades, and thus a wide spectrum of biological functions. Kallistatin’s active site is essential for: inhibiting tissue kallikrein’s activity; stimulating endothelial nitric oxide synthase and sirtuin 1 expression and activation; and modulating the synthesis of the microRNAs, miR-34a, miR-21 and miR-203. Kallistatin’s heparin-binding site is crucial for antagonizing the signaling pathways of vascular endothelial growth factor, tumor necrosis factor-α, Wnt, transforming growth factor-β and epidermal growth factor. Circulating kallistatin levels are markedly reduced in patients with prostate and colon cancer. Kallistatin administration attenuates angiogenesis, inflammation, tumor growth and invasion in animal models and cultured cells. Therefore, tumor progression may be substantially suppressed by kallistatin’s pleiotropic activities. In this review, we will discuss the role and mechanisms of kallistatin in the regulation of cancer development.
Consumer Subsidies in the Islamic Republic of Iran: Simulations of Further Reforms

The Islamic Republic of Iran is a major producer of oil and gas, and therefore it is not surprising that the country subsidizes energy heavily. In 1995 energy subsidies were estimated at $5 billion or 6% of gross domestic product (GDP) (Salehi-Isfahani 1996), and with rising world prices in the following decades, the subsidies rose several times over to reach more than 15 percent of GDP (Jensen and Tarr 2003; Salehi-Isfahani 2014).
A RNA interference screen identifies RIP3 as an essential inducer of TNF-induced programmed necrosis.

Recent evidence indicates that TNF-like death cytokines can induce apoptotic and non-apoptotic forms of cell death. We have coined the term “programmed necrosis” to describe caspase-independent cell death induced by TNF-like cytokines. Besides an obligate requirement for the protein serine/threonine kinase RIP1 and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), relatively little is known about the molecular mechanisms that control TNF-induced programmed necrosis. In order to further illuminate the molecular pathway that governs programmed necrosis, we performed a targeted RNA interference (RNAi) screen. Our screen identified RIP3, a RIP1 family member, as a specific mediator for programmed necrosis, but not apoptosis. Biochemical analyses show that assembly of the pro-necrotic RIP1–RIP3 complex critically regulates induction of programmed necrosis. The physiological relevance of RIP3-dependent programmed necrosis is demonstrated by the failure of RIP3-deficient mice to control vaccinia virus infections.
THE MOVEMENTS OF THE STOMACH

This chapter reviews the movements of the stomach. There are several types of activity to be seen in the wall of the stomach. Best known are the waves which, appearing usually about the middle of the stomach and deepening opposite the incisura, course almost to the pylorus. In man, there are usually three of these a minute. Many of the waves end in a systolic type of contraction of the circular muscle of the pyloric antrum. In some cases, the contraction travels peristaltically in the longitudinal muscle all the way to the pyloric ring, while the simultaneous disturbance in the circular muscle ends in a systole of the pyloric antrum. Reverse waves are seldom seen in man, but can easily be produced in the dog by pinching the duodenum. In the body of the stomach of animals one can often see from ten to twelve contractions a minute, contractions which somewhat resemble those of rhythmic segmentation. Contractions of this type have also been observed in man.
HMMoce: An R package for improved geolocation of archival‐tagged fishes using a hidden Markov method

Electronic tagging of marine fishes is commonly achieved with archival tags that rely on light levels and sea surface temperatures to retrospectively estimate movements. However, methodological issues associated with light-level geolocation have constrained meaningful inference to species where it is possible to accurately estimate time of sunrise and sunset. Most studies have largely ignored the oceanographic profiles collected by the tag as a potential way to refine light-level geolocation estimates. Open-source oceanographic measurements and outputs from high-resolution models are increasingly available and accessible. Temperature and depth profiles recorded by electronic tags can be integrated with these empirical data and model outputs to construct likelihoods and improve geolocation estimates. The R package HMMoce leverages available tag and oceanographic data to improve position estimates derived from electronic tags using a hidden Markov approach. We illustrate the use of the model and test its performance using example blue and mako shark archival tag data. Model results were validated using independent, known tracks and compared to results from other geolocation approaches. HMMoce exhibited as much as six-fold improvement in pointwise error as compared to traditional light-level geolocation approaches. The results demonstrated the general applicability of HMMoce to marine animals, particularly those that do not frequent surface waters during crepuscular periods.
Electronics for a safe direct current stimulator

Commercially available neuroprostheses, while successful and effective, are limited in their functionality by their reliance on pulsatile stimulation. Direct current (DC) has been shown to have great potential for the purposes of neuromodulation; however, direct current cannot be applied directly to neurons due to the charge injection thresholds of electrodes. We are developing a Safe Direct Current Stimulator (SDCS) that applies ionic direct current (iDC) without inducing toxic electrochemical reactions. The current design of the SDCS uses a series of eight valves in conjunction with four electrodes to rectify ionic current in microfluidic channels. This paper outlines the design, implementation, and testing of the electronics of the SDCS. These electronics will ultimately be interfaced with a separate microfluidic circuit in the device prototype. Testing the outputs of the electronics confirmed adherence to its design requirements. The completion of the SDCS electronics enables the further development of iDC as a mechanism for neuromodulation.
Hemin preferentially stimulates synthesis of alpha-globin in K562 human erythroleukemia cells

K562 human erythroleukemia cells are an established cell line derived from an adult with chronic myelogenous leukemia. Hemin stimulates their synthesis of embryonic and fetal hemoglobins. We have found that their globin synthetic pattern depends on the concentration of added hemin. Clone RA6 was cultured with 0--100 microM hemin and the globin synthetic pattern determined by 3H-leucine incorporation and analysis of 3H-globins by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in Triton X acid urea followed by fluorography and densitometry. The higher the hemin concentration, the greater the synthetic rate of each type of globin. However, the relative increase was greatest for alpha-globin. We propose that the differential dependence of alpha synthesis on added hemin is a reflection of translational inefficiency of alpha messenger RNA and that this property is exposed when the translational capacity of the cell is limited by hemin deficiency. We suggest that the differential dependence of alpha-chain synthesis on added hemin in clone RA6 is evidence of an intrinsic deficiency in heme synthesis.
Use of Alloy 22 as Long-Term Radioactive Waste Containment Material

Abstract An approach to estimate upper probability bounds for localized corrosion initiation in Alloy 22 as function of water chemistries relevant to a potential geologic repository for high-level radioactive waste is discussed. The approach is used to compare the effect of fabrication processes (e.g., welding) accounting for various chemical components that promote or inhibit localized corrosion.
7.36 Extraterrestrial Hillslope Processes

Hillslope processes may differ either subtly or significantly in extraterrestrial environments. As on Earth, the major drivers of these processes are gravity and climate. In lower gravity fields, the angle of repose of unconsolidated materials remains the same for noncohesive materials. Where cohesion is present, as in fine-grained or moist materials, the angle of repose may be increased under lower gravity conditions. The shear strength of materials is also expected to vary as gravity is decreased, with the effects of cohesion and pore pressure and the strength of competent rock effectively greater than on Earth. These changes will, in turn, affect the actions of mass movements. Hillslope processes are also altered by climate, which includes the amount of insolation received by a planet; the type and amount of atmosphere; and the presence, distribution, and behavior of volatiles. Insolation amounts may vary significantly over the course of a single orbit and can change the phase and distribution of any volatiles that are present in hillslope materials. On Earth, the addition of fluids to slope materials is usually accomplished via precipitation; on planets with little or no atmosphere, no precipitation is possible. Thus, important hillslope processes – such as overland and subsurface flow and raindrop impact – may not be significant contributors in hillslope processes on low atmosphere planets. For planets with precipitation, the composition of the precipitating fluid and surface bedrock will determine the types of erosion and subsequent landforms that will occur. Extraterrestrial hillslopes are unique environments that may be similar, but not identical, to hillslopes found on Earth, and care must be taken to understand how differences in hillslope parameters on these bodies may lead to changes in familiar processes and potential form.
Recreational fishing participation trends in Upper Great Lakes States: an age-period-cohort analysis

This findings abstract summarizes the results of a demographic study of recreational anglers in five Great Lakes states (Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin). Using annual fishing...
Editorial: Elevating the Narrative About Adverse Events During Development.

United States middle- or high-school-age children are taught about the perils of cyber bullying in health classes. They learn that they are at risk of suicide because of online harassment behaviors and that resources are being expanded to prevent, report, or interrupt such bullying. However, the perspective that suicide victims likely have other salient predisposing or precipitating risk factors (eg, summarized comprehensively by Turecki and Brent1) is usually not emphasized simultaneously. In the context of an abundance of studies documenting clear associations between childhood or adolescence adverse experiences and many aspects of health, as reviewed recently in The Lancet Public Health,2 it is not an exaggeration to observe that a crucial axiom of first science classes, correlation is not causation, can be overlooked when a small number of specific adverse events emerges narratively as the major etiologic cause of much of psychopathology, including youth suicide. However, traumatic events, such as youth sexual victimization3 or physical punishment/maltreatment,4 have long been known to correlate to social contexts and/or heritable genotypes, which also might mediate or co-mediate the risk for adverse outcomes. That some methodologic designs are superior to others to disentangle such confounds and examine causation is well known in behavior genetics.5 This was highlighted 2 decades ago, in this very journal, by Dr. Naimah Weinberg of the National Institutes of Health, in an article reviewing the cognitive and behavioral deficits associated with parental alcohol use,6 where she noted the growing field of behavior genetics offers an approach to understanding such complex problems. This is a necessary perspective to move the science of child psychiatry forward.
Study on characteristics of wind power transmission system with series compensation

Renewable energy develops very fast in China, and China has become the largest and fastest growing country of wind and PV power in the world. However, the distribution of the wind/solar energy and load center is disharmonious, with the major wind fields and the solar fields being distributed in the area which is short of load, and making large-scaled, long-distance wind and PV power transmission is imperative. The problem of the stability of the large-scale wind and PV power grid integrated system into the high impedance weak grid is becoming more and more important. In order to shorten the electrical distance for wind power integration, the use of series compensation technology is an economically viable approach. In this study, the characteristics of the wind power transmission system with series compensation are introduced. On the basis of the analysis, the characteristics of the wind power transmission under the series compensation are analysed. Finally, after the wind power base integration, the different impedance characteristics/the order of the impact are studied.
Alcohol and Sexual Assault

Sexual assault is an endemic problem in our society, and alcohol use is consistently connected to sexual assault perpetration and victimization. However, the link between alcohol use and sexual assault is complex and a host of associated factors likely contribute. A variety of theories explaining the link have been developed and tested, including the use of alcohol as a perpetration tactic, alcohol myopia, gendered scripts and cultural expectations around alcohol use, routine activities theory, and reciprocal and bidirectional theories. We know a great deal about the role of alcohol, and many different types of studies have been used to further our understanding. Each type of study provides a different type of information and has its own strengths and weaknesses. Regardless of the type of study, future research should correct existing measurement and sample limitations, such as the lack of consensus definitions for important terms and lack of sample diversity. Addressing alcohol use and gendered scripts around alcohol has implications for sexual assault prevention and risk reduction and alcohol-related factors should be considered when providing treatment to victims and perpetrators.
The regulation of ZCT1, a transcriptional repressor of monoterpenoid indole alkaloid biosynthetic genes in Catharanthus roseus

Cys2/His2-type (C2H2) zinc finger proteins, such as ZCT1, are an important class of transcription factors involved in growth, development, and stress responses in plants. In the medicinal plant Catharanthus roseus, the zinc finger Catharanthus transcription factor (ZCT) family represses monoterpenoid indole alkaloid (MIA) biosynthetic gene expression. Here, we report the analysis of the ZCT1 promoter, which contains several hormone-responsive elements. ZCT1 is responsive to not only jasmonate, as was previously known, but is also induced by the synthetic auxin, 1-naphthalene acetic acid (1-NAA). Through promoter deletion analysis, we show that an activation sequence-1-like (as-1-like)-motif and other motifs contribute significantly to ZCT1 expression in seedlings. We also show that the activator ORCA3 does not transactivate the expression of ZCT1 in seedlings, but ZCT1 represses its own promoter, suggesting a feedback mechanism by which the expression of ZCT1 can be limited.
(35) Factors Contributing to Increased Length of Stay and Cost of Care in Children’s Hospitals vs. Non-Children’s Hospital for Neonatal Hypoxic-ischemic Encephalopathy in the United States in 2012

Purpose of Study: To investigate the difference in length of stay (LOS) and cost among children’s hospitals and non-children’s hospitals when caring for neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Since the establishment of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) as standard care for neonatal HIE, LOS and cost for management of neonatal HIE has not been thoroughly investigated. Methods Used: Neonates diagnosed with HIE, defined by ICD-9-CM codes, were extracted from the 2012 national Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Kids’ Inpatient Database (KID). We excluded patients that transferred out from their care facility and those with …
Seasonal formation and stability of dissolved metal particles in mining-impacted, lacustrine sediments.

Formation of dissolved metal particles (<450 nm) in mining-impacted environments is a concern because of their potential for greater mobility and ecotoxicity compared to free ion and(or) sediment-bound metals. Metal-contaminated environments may produce soluble metal(loid) particles whose stability and transportability are determined by environmental conditions and particle composition. The Coeur d'Alene River Basin of northern Idaho, USA, is impacted by legacy mine waste-estimated 56 million tonnes of waste rock containing 900,000 t of Pb and 700,000 t of Zn were discharged into the Coeur d'Alene River and its tributaries during mining of argentiferous galena-sphalerite deposits. These legacy disposal practices resulted in substantial metal contamination-including As, Cd, Fe, Pb, Mn, and Zn-of floodplain sediments. Monthly lakewater samples and sediment cores were collected along the shoreline of a metal-contaminated lateral lake of the Coeur d'Alene River. Porewater was extracted from upper and lower sediments to evaluate the formation and stability of dissolved metal particles during seasonal changes. Substantial concentrations of Fe, Pb, Mn, and Zn were present in 450-nm filtered porewater during each month, with variable increases and decreases of metal concentrations in filtered lakewater according to seasonal changes. Dissolved metal particles with an average diameter of 180 ± 115 nm were present in the porewater of the upper and lower sediments with size increases in early spring and decreases in fall. Particles in the lower sediment porewater were typically more stable, as indicated by more negative ζ potential values, and the greatest particle stability occurred during summer. Differences between upper and lower porewater metal particles correspond to changes in sediment S speciation and bond relocation resulting from an input of oxygenated groundwater. Transport of the dissolved metal particles in and from the sediments likely occurs with a change in the hydraulic gradient during a spring-to-summer transition that induces redox changes and increases particle stability. The presence of mining-related minerals and seasonal changes in environmental conditions allow for formation of dissolved metal particles, but the limited stability of the particles and/or low permeability of the sediments appear to limit, but not fully restrict, possible transport of metal particles to the overlying lakewater.
Residential segregation and overall survival of women with epithelial ovarian cancer.

Background To the authors' knowledge, the etiology of survival disparities in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is not fully understood. Residential segregation, both economic and racial, remains a problem within the United States. The objective of the current study was to analyze the effect of residential segregation as measured by the Index of Concentration at the Extremes (ICE) on EOC survival in Florida by race and/or ethnicity. Methods All malignant EOC cases were identified from 2001 through 2015 using the Florida Cancer Data System (FCDS). Census-defined places were used as proxies for neighborhoods. Using 5-year estimates from the American Community Survey, 5 ICE variables were computed: economic (high vs low), race and/or ethnicity (non-Hispanic white [NHW] vs non-Hispanic black [NHB] and NHW vs Hispanic), and racialized economic segregation (low-income NHB vs high-income NHW and low-income Hispanic vs high-income NHW). Random effects frailty models were conducted. Results A total of 16,431 malignant EOC cases were diagnosed in Florida among women living in an assigned census-defined place within the time period. The authors found that economic and racialized economic residential segregations influenced EOC survival more than race and/or ethnic segregation alone in both NHB and Hispanic women. NHB women continued to have an increased hazard of death compared with NHW women after controlling for multiple covariates, whereas Hispanic women were found to have either a similar or decreased hazard of death compared with NHW women in multivariable Cox models. Conclusions The results of the current study indicated that racial and economic residential segregation influences survival among patients with EOC. Research is needed to develop more robust segregation measures that capture the complexities of neighborhoods to fully understand the survival disparities in EOC.
Should the U.S. Restrict Imports of Chinese Archaeological Materials? An Analysis Under the Convention on Cultural Property Implementation Act

This paper addresses whether the U.S. should restrict imports of Chinese archaeological materials by analyzing the request within the framework of the Convention on Cultural Property Implementation Act (CPIA). Part II briefly describes China's current request and what it includes. Part III provides the CPIA analysis to determine whether China's current request meets U.S. statutory requirements. Part IV offers some avenues that China could pursue instead of broad U.S. import restrictions. Finally, Part V concludes that a bilateral agreement with China should be entered into, but not as currently submitted. It then offers ideas that would make the agreement workable.
A test of homology between the B chromosome of maize and abnormal chromosome 10, involving the control of nondisjunction in B's

Nondisjunction of B and B-translocation chromosomes occurs regularly in maize at the second pollen mitosis (Roman, 1947; Blackwood, 1956). The mechanism of nondisjunction was studied using the A-B interchange, TB-9b. The B9 chromosome of the interchange undergoes nondisjunction at the second pollen mitosis, while the 9B chromosome does not (Roman, 1947). It was shown that the 9B chromosome must be present in a plant for nondisjunction of the B9 to occur. This is consistent with the reports of Roman on TB-4a (1949) and Longley on TB-10a (1956). It was also demonstrated that the influence of the 9B chromosome is limited to pollen grains containing it, and does not extend to all the pollen of a plant.
Tick-Borne-Associated Illnesses in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

When unrecognized and antibiotic delay occurs, Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain–spotted fever, babesiosis, and human ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis can result in multiorgan system dysfunction and potentially death. This review focuses on the early recognition, evaluation, and stabilization of the rare life-threatening sequelae seen in tick-borne illnesses that require admission in the pediatric intensive care unit.
Live Events and the Sport Customer: A Sport Spectator Quality-Value-Behavior Model

The purpose of this study was to propose and empirically test a sport spectator behavioral model. The model presented here is a micro-level perspective of value creation in the context of live spor...
Enhanced Proton Selectivity in Ionomer Nanocomposites Containing Hydrophobically Functionalized Silica Nanoparticles

Perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) ionomers are ubiquitous as proton-exchange membranes (PEMs) in vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs), as they provide high proton conductivity and robust chemical stability. However, traditional PFSA ionomers suffer from high vanadium ion crossover, i.e., low ion selectivity, which reduces the efficiency and lifetime of the battery. Herein, a novel method to fabricate PFSA nanocomposites containing fluorocarbon-decorated silica nanoparticles is presented. These composite ionomers exhibit drastically reduced vanadium ion permeability and an almost two orders of magnitude increase in proton selectivity when compared to the current benchmark commercial ionomer. Small-angle neutron scattering data suggest that the nanostructures of these nanocomposites are drastically different from their pristine counterpart, where the periodic spacing of the hydrophobic domains is significantly reduced, while changes to the ionic structure were seen to be minimal. This work suggests that composite PEMs containing a secondary phase that alters the hydrophobic, nonion-conducting phase of the ionomer may prove to be a fruitful fabrication route to produce ionomer membranes with enhanced performance for use in VRFBs.
A Feasibility Study of Dynamic Adaptive Radiotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

The final state of the tumor at the end of a radiotherapy course is dependent on the doses given in each fraction during the treatment course. This study investigates the feasibility of a novel method, Dynamic Adaptive Radiotherapy (DART) that adapts treatment plans using a dynamic programming technique to consider the expected changes of the tumor in the optimization process. DART allows for non-stationary dose distributions as well as non-stationary fractional doses as needed to achieve a series of optimal plans that are conformal to the tumor over time. We applied this method to the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer and quantified potential dosimetric advantages over conventional IMRT.Sixteen phantom cases with various sizes and locations of tumors and organs-at-risk (OAR) were generated. Each case was planned with DART and conventional IMRT prescribing 60Gy/30fx. The observations of the change in the tumor volume over a treatment course were simulated using two-level cell population model. Monte Carlo simulations of the treatment course for each case were run to account for uncertainty in the tumor response. The same OAR dose constraints were applied for both methods. The frequency of replanning was varied between 1, 2, 5(weekly), and 29(daily). The average tumor maximum, minimum, mean dose, and D95 resulting from DART were 124.0-125.2%, 102.1-114.7%, 113.7-123.4%, and 102.0-115.9% of those from conventional IMRT. The ranges represent the spread in doses as a function of the frequency of replanning. The maximum dose for the cord and esophagus, mean dose for the heart and lungs, and D05 for the unspecified tissues resulting from the plans using DART were 84-102.4%, 99.8-106.9%, 66.9-85.6%, 58.2-78.8%, and 85.2-94.0% of those from conventional IMRT respectively. Significant increases in the tumor dose and reductions in the OAR dose, particularly for parallel OAR with mean or dose-volume constraints, could be achieved using DART.
Staged Repair of Van Praagh Truncus Type A3.

Van Praagh (VP) A3 variant of truncus arteriosus (or common arterial trunk) is defined by only one pulmonary artery (usually the right) originating from the common trunk, while the other lung is su...
Improving estimates of body mass in American black bears using morphometrics and non-linear models

Measuring the body mass of American black bears (Ursus americanus) can be challenging because of their large size, and if equipment to weigh individuals is undersupplied. Our purpose was to estimate body mass of Florida black bears (U. a. floridanus) by developing models (linear and non-linear) that use morphometrics that can be reasonably easy to obtain (e.g., chest girth and body length). We compared our models with a previously published model for Florida black bears to determine whether prediction of body mass could be improved. Our models were built with current data (2012–2018; n = 532) collected across Florida, USA, by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. We partitioned the data into training and test subsets using 10-fold cross-validation with 100 iterations. Model fit was assessed by comparing root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and coefficient of determination (R2) of observed and predicted values. Based on RMSE, MAE, and R2, our optimal regression model for predicting mass (M) of both female and male bears used both chest girth (G) and total body length (L) as predictors in the non-linear form M = aGb × Lc. Our optimal model was a better fit than the previously published model when both were applied to the full data sets from the current and previous study and to an independent data set. We applied our optimal non-linear regression models built from live bear data to morphological data collected from bear carcasses (n = 544), mainly road mortalities. We found that the live-bear models acceptably estimated mass of dead bears for both sexes. Estimating the mass of live and dead bears can expedite handling time of individuals, fill in data gaps, and provide valuable information on the Florida black bear; our approach may be applicable to American black bears range-wide.
The Primacy of Data in Deep Learning NLP for Conversational AI

Computational Linguistics and Natural Language Processing have changed considerably in the past few decades. Early research focused on representing and using linguistic knowledge in computational processes such as parsers, while these days the field focuses on practically-useful tasks such as information retrieval and chatbots. Currently our Deep Learning models have little to do with linguistic theory For example, the Oracle Digital Assistant is built on top of generic "Foundation" Deep Learning models. An intermediate Focusing step adapts these models to specific enterprise domains. Transfer Learning is used to refocus these models onto specific customer-oriented tasks such as Intent Classification, Named Entity Recognition, as well as more advanced models such as text-to-SQL sequence-to-sequence models. These technologies have revolutionised the application of NLP to practical problems with commercial relevance, enabling us to build better systems faster and cheaper than ever before. Linguistic insights aren't gone from the field, however; they play a critical role in data manufacturing and evaluation. This talk explain how we use hundreds of different evaluations to understand the strengths and weaknesses of our models in the Oracle Digital Assistant, and how we automatically use this in hyper-parameter tuning. It also describes areas where additional research is still required before we can claim that NLP has become an engineering field.
The Making of Goliath: How the Chinese and Japanese far Left Perceived Israel as the 'Frontier' of Global Revolution in the 1950s–1970s

Exploring the perceptions held by the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Japanese Red Army (JRA) of the Arab-Israeli conflict, this paper argues that the pursuit of a worldwide Maoist revolut...
Individual Differences in Infant Sociability: Their Origins and Implications for Cognitive Development

Publisher Summary This chapter explores the relationship between social and cognitive development and focuses on the way in which a trait, sociability, is related to individual differences in cognitive development. It provides the well-documented fact that sociable, friendly infants perform significantly better than less sociable infants on various measures of cognitive and psychomotor competence. The assessment of sociability and the measurement problems that plague much of the research is discussed. The chapter suggests ways in which some of the more obvious problems can be avoided in future research. It describes the extent to which others find interaction with an infant enjoyable and enticing. The term “sociability” refers to the friendliness and social attractiveness of the infant. The assessment of sociability is usually based on the tester's perception or on a third person's perception of the infant's friendliness toward the tester.
The Financial Crisis, Internal Corporate Governance, and the Performance of Publicly-Traded U.S. Bank Holding Companies

We look at internal corporate governance mechanisms and the performance of publicly-traded U.S. banks before and during the financial crisis. Obviously, bank performance decreases dramatically during the crisis. This decrease occurs for all bank size groups. However, the largest banks see the largest losses. We find several measures of corporate governance, particularly CEO pay-for-performance sensitivity, executive ownership, and affiliated director ownership, decrease significantly just before and during the crisis. Large banks experience the largest changes in corporate governance. Finally, we find stronger relations between corporate governance variable changes and 2008 stock market returns for large banks than for small banks.
Network condition detection for video transport over wireless Internet

Real-time video transport over wireless Internet faces many challenges due to the heterogeneous network environment. A robust network condition classification algorithm using multiple end-to-end metrics and support vector machine (SVM) is proposed to classify different network events and model the transition pattern of network conditions. End-to-end quality-of-service (QoS) mechanisms like congestion control, error control, and power control can benefit from the network condition information and react to different network situations appropriately. The proposed network condition classification algorithm uses SVM as a classifier to cluster different end-to-end metrics such as end-to-end delay, delay jitter, throughput and packet loss-rate for the HDP traffic with TCP-friendly rate control (TFRC), which is used for video transport. The algorithm is also flexible to classify different numbers of states representing different levels of network events such as wireline congestion and wireless channel loss. Simulation results using ns2 show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Development and Implementation of a Quality Improvement Strategy for Obtaining Muscle Biopsies Utilizing DMAIC Methodology (I8-2.003)

OBJECTIVE: To design and implement a quality improvement strategy aimed at identifying errors, reducing delays, and improving patient safety when obtaining muscle biopsies. BACKGROUND: Muscle biopsies are commonly ordered by neurologists, and involve coordinated care among physicians. At our institution, the stakeholders include neurology, rheumatology and general surgery. However, biopsies may be canceled or delayed due to avoidable errors. We hypothesized that most problems arise from a lack of knowledge regarding the biopsy process (sedation, fasting, and holding antithrombotics). DESIGN/METHODS: We utilized the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) model of process improvement to define our problem and create a process map for obtaining muscle biopsies. Over 8 months, we measured baseline performance on the number and cause of delayed/canceled biopsies, and the gaps in knowledge among patients and physicians. The data were analyzed to identify root causes requiring intervention. RESULTS: Data were collected from 65 muscle biopsies over 8 months. Delay or cancelation occurred in 21% of cases, all due to avoidable error. The most common causes were overbooking appointments on the same day as the biopsy (36%), lack of appropriate fasting (22%), and not holding anticoagulant or antiplatelet medications (7%). Thirty percent of patients were unaware they would be sedated for the procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Errors causing delay or cancelation of muscle biopsies were avoidable and due to incomplete patient and physician education about the procedure. We are developing targeted patient and physician education tools, and will repeat the data collection after their implementation, with the goal of reducing delayed or canceled biopsies. These data will be presented at the time of the conference. This project demonstrates how the DMAIC model can be used in everyday neurological practice to identify quality gaps, analyze root causes, and develop interventions aimed at improving quality of care and reducing adverse patient outcomes. Disclosure: Dr. Kassardjian has nothing to disclose. Dr. Williamson has nothing to disclose. Dr. Van Buskirk has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ernste has nothing to disclose. Dr. Leep Hunderfund has nothing to disclose.