cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Pesticides and Risk of Parkinson Disease: A Population-Based Case-Control Study

occupationalexposures(pesticideworker:OR,2.07;95% CI, 0.67-6.38; crop farmer: OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 0.84-3.27; animalandcropfarmer:OR,1.10;95%CI,0.60-2.00;and dairy farmer: OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.46-1.70). Odds ratios for organophosphates paralleled the World Health Organization hazard classifications, with parathion much higher than diazinon or malathion. We also found elevated ORs from herbicides (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 0.513.88) and paraquat (OR, 1.67; 95% CI, 0.22-12.76). We foundnoevidenceofriskfromhome-basedpesticideexposures.WefoundsignificantlyincreasedORsfromlifelong well water consumption (OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.023.21). Conclusions:Thefindingsforoccupationalpesticideexposures are consistent with a growing body of information linking pesticide exposures with PD. However, the lack of significant associations, absence of associations with home-based exposures, and weak associations with ruralexposuressuggestthatpesticidesdidnotplayasubstantial etiologic role in this population. Arch Neurol. 2005;62:91-95
The lime-iron-silicate melt system: Redox and volume systematics

Abstract Fifty experiments are presented which explore ferric ferrous redox equilibrium in melts in the CaO-FeO-FeO 1.5 -SiO 2 system. Plots of ln( FeO 1.5 FeO ) against ln(ƒ o 2 ) for compositions equilibrated at a single temperature have slopes of 0.21. This result is consistent with observations in a wide variety of silicate liquid compositions, including compositions corresponding to those found in nature, but contrasts with the slope expected if ferric-ferrous mixing were ideal (0.25). Compositional trends for redox equilibrium in the lime-iron-silicate system contrast with those found in the Na 2 O-FeO-FeO 1.5 -SiO 2 system. It is shown that minor amounts of quench crystals in the glasses significantly increase ferric ferrous ratios from their equilibrium values. The results of quench crystal-free ferric ferrous equilibration experiments are used to constrain a simple empirical equation by which one can estimate the distribution of iron between the ferric and ferrous species at a given composition, temperature, and oxygen fugacity. This predictive model reproduces measured ferric ferrous distribution within analytical error. The simplest thermodynamically valid model by which the novel systematics of the iron redox reaction in silicate melts can be rationalized involves partial association of FeO and FeO 1.5 to a hypothetical melt species with FeO 1.3 stoichiometry. We apply our empirical ferric ferrous estimation model to recalculate the ferric ferrous distribution in the liquid-density experiments of Dingwell and Brearley (1988) and Mo et al. (1982). A simple (ideal) volume of mixing model is derived by which the volumes of CaO-FeO-Fe 2 O 3 -SiO 2 melts with more than 20 wt% silica can be estimated to within ±0.16 cc/gfw ( 2σ $ 0.7% ). This average residual in our linear volume model is well below the reported experimental uncertainty ( Dingwell and Brearley , 1988), indicating that partial molar volumes can be considered independent of composition within the experimental resolution in melts in this composition range. Density data in melts with very low silica ( CaO SiO 2 less than 0.3) suggest a negative volume of mixing between CaO and SiO 2 components.
Model Independent Predictions for Rare Top Decays with Weak Coupling

Measurements at B factories have provided important constraints on new physics in several rare processes involving the B meson. New physics, if present in the b quark sector may also affect the top sector. In an effective Lagrangian approach, we write down operators, where effects in the bottom and the top sector are related. Assuming the couplings of the operators to be of the same size as the weak coupling g of the standard model and taking into account constraints on new physics from the bottom sector as well as top branching ratios, we make predictions for the rare top decays t{yields}cV, where V={gamma}, Z. We find branching fractions for these decays within possible reach of the LHC. Predictions are also made for t{yields}sW.
Atherogenic and pulmonary responses of ApoE- and LDL receptor-deficient mice to sidestream cigarette smoke

Plasma lipoproteins play important roles in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Two widely used mouse models of experimental atherosclerosis, apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE -/-) and LDL receptor-deficient (LDLr -/-) mice, have major differences in lipoprotein characteristics. These include differences in lipoprotein cholesterol distribution, lipoprotein compositions, apoliporoteins distribution, and susceptibility to oxidation. In the present study, we compared pulmonary and cardiovascular responses of ApoE -/- and LDLr -/- mice to sidestream cigarette smoke (SSCS) exposure to determine if strain differences influence their predisposition to SSCS-mediated promotion of atherosclerosis. Female ApoE -/- and LDLr -/- mice were maintained on a saturated fat enriched diet and exposed to SSCS in whole body exposure chambers for 15 weeks (4h/day, 5 days/week). At terminations, the levels of pulmonary injury markers in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids from 6 mice per group and atherosclerotic lesion formation in 14 mice per group were analyzed. Total BAL cells and polymorphonuclear leukocytes were not significantly altered by SSCS exposure in both mouse models. Total protein, LDH, and cytokine concentrations in cell-free BAL fluids were also not significantly affected by chronic SSCS exposure in either mouse strain. SSCS significantly reduced surfactant protein D levels in both strains to a similar extent. However, SSCS exposure increased significantly the percent atherosclerotic lesion areas covering aortic intimal surfaces of ApoE -/- (control-25.3±1.52 vs. SSCS-31.9±2.02, p=0.012) as well as in LDLr -/- (control-30.97±1.1 vs. SSCS-36.61±1.7, p=0.028) mice. In contrast, the serum cholesterol concentrations of SSCS-exposed ApoE -/- mice were similar to that of controls (control-1255±85 vs. SSCS-1190±61mg/dl, p=0.552) but increased significantly in SSCS-exposed LDLr -/- mice (control-998±114 vs. SSCS-1577±142mg/dl, p=0.008). These results showing different effects of identical SSCS exposure on plasma cholesterol concentrations in these two mouse models suggest a role of multiple mechanisms in SSCS-induced atherosclerosis.
Planning robotic manipulation strategies for workpieces that slide

The authors consider the automated planning of manipulation strategies for workpieces able to slide on their work surface. The aim is to generate open-loop (i.e. sensorless) strategies which succeed in aligning or grasping a workpiece, in the face of two kinds of uncertainty: (1) the initial configuration of the workpiece may have some bounded error, and (2) the details of the contact between workpiece and work surface may be unknown, precluding deterministic solution for the motion of the workpiece even were its initial configuration exactly known. Configuration maps are defined which map all configurations of a workpiece before elementary manipulative operation to all possible outcomes. Using elementary manipulative operations (represented by configuration maps) as primitives, appropriate search techniques are applied to find operations sequences which are guaranteed to succeed despite uncertainty. As a concrete example, the authors demonstrate the automated design of a class of passive parts-feeder consisting of multiple sequential fences across a conveyor belt. >
Treatment issues in pediatric gastric adenocarcinoma

Gastric adenocarcinoma is a rare diagnosis in children. Modern treatment includes chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery and has evolved over the past decade. The authors report a case of an 8-year-old girl with gastric adenocarcinoma. The case will be followed by a brief discussion of the presentation, current management guidelines, and prognosis of this rare pediatric entity.
Increasing Nutritional Adherence in an African American Woman With Type 2 Diabetes

Chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are increasingly common and costly, imparting debilitating economic and health effects. This case presents the use of an individualized beha...
Generation of female genital tract antibody responses by local or central (common) mucosal immunization.

Genital antibody responses were compared in female mice immunized intravaginally (i.vag.) or intranasally (i.n.) with a bacterial protein antigen (AgI/II of Streptococcus mutans) coupled to the B subunit of cholera toxin. Serum and salivary antibodies were also evaluated as measures of disseminated mucosal and systemic responses. Although i.vag. immunization induced local vaginal immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG antibody responses, these were not disseminated to a remote secretion, the saliva, and only modest levels of serum antibodies were generated. In contrast, i.n. immunization was substantially more effective at inducing IgA and IgG antibody responses in the genital tract and in the circulation, as well as at inducing IgA antibodies in the saliva. Moreover, mucosal and systemic antibodies induced by i.n. immunization persisted for at least 12 months. Analysis of the molecular form of genital IgA indicated that the majority of both total IgA and specific IgA antibody was polymeric, and likely derived from the common mucosal immune system.
Quantitative Echocardiographic Evaluation of Mitral Endocardiosis in Dogs Using Ratio Indices

This study compares M-mode echocardiographic ratio indices (ERIs) in dogs with mitral regurgitation due to chronic valvular disease (CVD/MR) for their ability to discriminate and quantify associated echocardiographic changes. Weight-based M-mode ERIs were determined retrospectively for 2 groups of dogs, normal (n = 47) and CVD/MR (n = 176). The CVD/MR group was further subdivided into those with (CVD/MR B, n = 74) and without (CVD/MR A, n = 102) left-sided congestive heart failure (LCHF). ERIs were compared descriptively (summary statistics) and also by receiver-operator characteristic curve areas (ROCAs) for their ability to discriminate between groups. Univariate logistic regression (LR) models were used to estimate the odds ratio for each ERI as a predictor of the CVD/MR condition as well as to predict LCHF within the CVD/MR group. A novel ERI (wdeltaA), designed to express body size-normalized short-axis stroke area, was sensitive (90%) and specific (98%) to discriminate between normal and CVD/MR at a cutoff value of 1.8 standard deviations (wdeltaA = 2.1). Prediction of LCHF within the CVD/MR group was more problematic, but an ERI expressing left atrial size (wLA) showed 76% sensitivity and 81% specificity at a cutoff value of 5.2 standard deviations (wLA = 1.55). Ours was a descriptive study of echocardiographic patterns of pathology associated with CVD/ MR and determined which ERIs are sensitive and specific for CVD/MR and for LCHE ERIs normalize echocardiographic data for body size in dogs and are well-suited to quantitative descriptions and analysis.
CULTURE AS THE CORE: PERSPECTIVES ON CULTURE IN SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNING

CULTURE AS THE CORE: PERSPECTIVES ON CULTURE IN SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNING. Dale L. Lange and R. Michael Paige (Eds.). Greenwich, CT: Information Age, 2003. Pp. xvii + 362. $67.50 cloth, $34.95 paper.It may be presumptuous to assume that all foreign or second language (L2) teachers agree that language instruction must involve some degree of learning about the culture of the native speakers of the language. However, it is next to impossible to deal with L2 education without taking culture into account. Because the goal of most L2 learning is communication, culture is inevitably involved in the curriculum. Yet, many language teachers are uncertain about what kinds of cultural aspects to include in the curriculum and instruction. In fact, we are sometimes puzzled about why L2 learners find it difficult to comprehend certain linguistic features that seem apparent to native speakers. If you are a language teacher and have ever had to deal with such questions, you will be attracted by the title of this volume. Lange, one of the editors, even asserts that “culture is the driving force in the process and the content of language learning” (p. 272).
Virtual MIMO and distributed signal processing for sensor networks - an integrated approach

This paper proposes an effective sensor data transmission approach where virtual implementation of multiple input multiple output (V-MIMO) cooperative communication is judiciously integrated with joint distributed compression and recursive least squares (RLS) based adaptive signal processing. Both space-time block codes (STBC) and Vertical Bell Laboratories layered space time (V-BLAST) architecture are considered for energy efficient virtual MIMO implementations. The energy efficiency of the integrated system is analyzed for different transmission distances and channel conditions. The numerical results show that, beyond certain transmission distance thresholds, the proposed integrated scheme offers significant energy efficiency compared to previously proposed systems. We also show that this integrated approach is very effective in highly correlated multimedia data based wireless sensor networks. In particular, it can be ideal for networks based on prioritized transmission of wavelet transformed image and video data.
Investigations on co-planar waveguide fed pentagon shape planar monopole ultra-wide bandwidth (UWB) antenna on foam substrate providing invariant radiation patterns

It is well-established that the planar monopole antenna exhibits wideband impedance matching characteristics, high radiation efficiency, and an omni-directional pattern that makes it a desirable candidate for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications [1–2]. However, the radiation pattern deteriorates rapidly towards the high frequency end. Antennas fed with co-planar waveguides (CPW) have the further advantages of low dispersion for wideband applications, reduced radiation losses, and ease of fabrication [3]. Authors in [4] have demonstrated that the pentagon shape microstrip slot antenna shows an UWB impedance and radiation performance. Other authors in [5–6] have also investigated planar monopoles and techniques to improve the impedance bandwidth, but less emphasis has been placed on reducing pattern degradation over the band. This paper presents the investigation results of a co-planar waveguide fed UWB pentagon-shaped planar monopole antenna on a foam substrate which shows very stable omni-directional radiation pattern over the bandwidth. The resulting antenna structure has an impedance bandwidth (w.r.t. S 11 = −10dB) of 140%, and a 3dB gain bandwidth of greater than 120%. The improved gain and radiation pattern performance is accomplished by the use of rectangular slots placed both on the ground plane and on the planar monopole. Full wave analysis was performed using Ansoft Corporation's High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) version 11. The antenna has been fabricated and experimentally verified but the results are not presented here for the sake of brevity. Measured results will be presented during the symposium.
New Therapies for Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a growing health concern in the United States, with an enormous impact on morbidity and mortality. Despite published guidelines to aid clinicians in its management, several controve...
Distinguishing Adding and Averaging Models in a Personnel Selection Task: When Missing Information Matters

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to determine if the manner in which information is combined to make personnel evaluations might depend on the correlation between the pieces of information. Introductory psychology students evaluated hypothetical employees for promotion to a supervisory position in a computer-systems department based on personnel test scores in management and computer programming. The management scores were from either a high or a low validity test. In addition some employees were missing test scores. The correlation between the test scores varied across groups of subjects (−.84, .00, .84). Responses were consistent with a relative-weight averaging model in the positive-correlation condition, but not in the negative- or zero-correlation conditions. A constant-weight averaging model seemed most appropriate in the zero-correlation condition, but it was not really possible to distinguish an additive from a constant-weight averaging strategy in the negative-correlation condition. The test to distinguish these strategies involves comparing the ratings of single-test employees to those of two-test employees. However, subjects developed various strategies for rating the single-test employees which tended to invalidate the test. Configural strategies were evident in the negative- and zero-correlation conditions for employees with lopsided score combinations. Employees with one test score were penalized particularly in the negative-correlation condition and when the available score was low in validity.
Chromate transport through columns packed with surfactant-modified zeolite/zero valent iron pellets

Chromate transport through columns packed with zeolite/zero valent iron (Z/ZVI) pellets, either untreated or treated with the cationic surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA), was studied at different flow rates. In the presence of sorbed HDTMA, the chromate retardation factor increased by a factor of five and the pseudo first-order rate constant for chromate reduction increased by 1.5-5 times. The increase in rate constant from the column studies was comparable to a six-fold increase in the rate constant determined in a batch study. At a fast flow rate, the apparent delay in chromate breakthrough from the HDTMA modified Z/ZVI columns was primarily caused by the increase in chromate reduction rate constant. In contrast, at a slower flow rate, the retardation in chromate transport from the HDTMA modified Z/ZVI columns mainly originated from chromate sorption onto the HDTMA modified Z/ZVI pellets. Due to dual porosity, the presence of immobile water was responsible for the earlier breakthrough of chromate in columns packed with zeolite and Z/ZVI pellets. The results from this study further confirm the role of HDTMA in enhancing sorption and reduction efficiency of contaminants in groundwater remediation.
Ultracentrifugal Characterization of Pepsin and Pepsinogen

Abstract Chromatographically purified pepsinogen and samples of pepsin freshly prepared from it have been examined in the ultracentrifuge. Sedimentation equilibrium measurements, by the procedure of Yphantis, and sedimentation velocity experiments have been carried out on the zymogen and on the enzyme. Both were found to be homogeneous within the limits of detection of the procedures. The s20,w of pepsinogen was found to be 3.24 ± 0.15, and that of pepsin, 2.88 ± 0.15 x 10-13 sec. Values of V were calculated from the amino acid compositions of the two proteins given in the preceding paper (4), and were found to be 0.730 ml per g for pepsinogen and 0.726 ml per g for pepsin. The molecular weights found were 40,400 ± 1,600 for pepsinogen and 32,700 ± 1,200 for pepsin. These values are in satisfactory agreement with the molecular weights derived from the amino acid compositions.
Three-dimensional fluid-structure interaction using a finite element solver and adaptive remeshing

Abstract The combination of adaptive remeshing techniques, flow solvers for transient problems with moving grids, and consistent rigid body motion integrators in three dimensions is presented. The resulting scheme allows the economical simulation of fully coupled fluid-rigid body interaction problems of arbitrary geometric complexity. Several results, showing three-dimensional store separation, are given to demonstrate the capabilities developed.
Family Caregivers' Experiences with Community Services: A Qualitative Analysis

Abstract Researchers of family caregiving have presented mixed results in evaluating the effectiveness of community services in reducing family caregiver stress and have indicated that many caregivers use limited services or access services late in their caregiving experience. The purpose of this study was to describe the experience of the use of community services, including benefits and barriers, by family caregivers of relatives with Alzheimer's disease or a related disorder. Community services included assistance with caregiving or related tasks and educational or emotional support that was provided by health professionals or community service providers. In this qualitative descriptive study, a convenience sample of 21 family caregivers was interviewed. Open-ended questions were used to explore the caregivers' experiences with community services. Transcribed data were analyzed using qualitative content-analysis techniques. Results indicated that family caregivers received benefits of renewal, sense of community, and new knowledge and believed that their patient benefited from the services. Barriers to service use included care receiver resistance, reluctance of the caregiver, hassles for the caregiver, concerns over quality, and concerns over finances. These findings provide direction for community nurses and other health professionals in targeting interventions that will meet the expressed needs of caregivers.
Recurrent Invasive Pneumococcal Disease: A Population-Based Assessment

We sought to define the risk of recurrence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and to define the characteristics of persons experiencing recurrent IPD through population-based surveillance. Cases of IPD were identified through the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Active Bacterial Core Surveillance. Recurrent episodes were defined as isolation of Streptococcus pneumoniae from any normally sterile site > or =30 days after initial positive culture. Among 13,924 persons who survived their initial episode of IPD, 318 (2.3%) experienced > or =1 subsequent episode, for 376 total recurrences. The recurrence rate was 1294 episodes per 100,000 person-years, or 50 times the annual incidence of IPD. In multivariable analysis, a higher risk of recurrence was seen in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus and in children <5 years old with chronic illness. Most (92%) persons with recurrence had a vaccine indication. The risk of recurrence among certain persons with IPD is extremely high.
A Compatibility Assessment Method for Adaptive-Wall Wind Tunnels

A new method is described for assessing the compatibility between inner and outer flow regimes in adaptive-wall wind tunnels. The method is applicable to both two- and three-dimensional flows, and unlike other schemes, requires the measurement of only one velocity component. Moreover, a complete solution to the outer flowfield is not required with the new method. Computer simulations of two- and three-dimensional flows are presented along with data from a two-dimensional pilot wind tunnel test using the new method.
Competitive Markets: Extensions and Application

This chapter extends the analysis in the preceding two chapters in two directions. First, it focuses on shifts in demand and supply. Then it addresses allocative efficiency which, combined with the productive efficiency the previous chapters have introduced, generates economic efficiency. Economic efficiency is realized when resources are used in a way that results in the highest-valued set of goods and services being produced. This chapter also addresses the distorting effects of taxes placed on the exchange of specific goods or services.
Cytokine receptor CX3CR-1 and fractalkine: new factors in the atherosclerosis drama?

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the blood vessel wall that is characterized by the accumulation of mononuclear cells, which are transformed into tissue macrophages/foam cells, and of T cells. The general acceptance of this concept began in the late 1980s1 and was soon followed by attempts to understand the mechanisms by which the leukocytes were attracted into the arterial wall. A general understanding previously had been achieved, in other inflammatory contexts, of the mechanisms of leukocyte-endothelial interactions in the form of rolling, adhesion, and migration from the blood compartment through the endothelium as a result of the actions of selectins, adhesion molecules, and chemotactic cytokines called chemokines.2 Chemokines act through a specific family of receptors on leukocytes and other cells to activate high-affinity binding sites for counter receptors/adhesion molecules on endothelium. They also have potent chemoattractant activity-guiding leukocyte migration through tissues. Chemokines constitute a large number of structurally related proteins that have been classified into families based on relative positions of cysteine (C) residues.2 A prototype chemokine is monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), which has been associated with the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis as discussed below. MCP-1, for example, belongs to the C-C family with adjacent cysteine residues. Fractalkine is a novel, recently discovered chemokine that belongs to the CXXXC (CX3C) family …
Using connectivism to guide information literacy instruction with tablets

Connectivism provides a lens for librarians to design meaningful information literacy (IL) instruction because it integrates student learning with the digital age and with the constantly-evolving nature of information. The purpose of this paper is to extend the discussion on connectivism and IL to the use of tablet devices. Mobile devices, such as smartphones and tablets, are popular on college campuses and are gaining ground as an educational tool. However, prior to implementing new technology in the classroom, educators should be able to explain the instructional purpose of the technology and how it will enhance or enable learning. This article presents an overview of connectivist theory, the theory’s relationship to IL, and the use of tablets during instruction. The author provides examples of a connectivist approach to IL instruction that incorporates the use of iPads.
Researchers and Statisticians Come Together

Before the 1920s clinical physicians, researchers, mathematicians, and statisticians had separate, somewhat segregated, spheres of work that were usually unrelated. These professionals did not ordinarily come together to attack problems, but between 1920 and 1950 a change gradually occurred.
A phase II study of XL647 in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) enriched for presence of EGFR mutations

B124 Background: XL647 is an orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinases involved in tumor growth and angiogenesis, including EGFR/ErbB1, HER2/ErbB2, and VEGFR2/KDR. Oral administration of XL647 results in dose-dependent and sustained inhibition of these targets in preclinical pharmacodynamic studies. In addition, XL647 has preclinical activity in the H1975 NSCLC tumor model, which harbors the T790M mutant form of EGFR that is resistant to erlotinib and gefitinib. Methods: Patients (pts) with previously untreated advanced NSCLC (Stage IIIB with malignant pleural effusion or Stage IV) with adenocarcinoma histology are eligible. Pts must have an activating mutation of the EGFR gene in tumor tissue or meet at least one of the following three demographic eligibility criteria: Asian, female (F), minimal ( EGFR and other relevant genes in tumor tissue is being analyzed. Plasma markers reflecting effects of anti-angiogenic therapy such as VEGF-A, sVEGFR2 and Ang2 are being analyzed. Results: Thirty-three pts (23F(1 Asian)/10M) with a median age of 65yrs (range 44-86) have been enrolled. Sixteen pts were never-smokers, 11 had 15 pk-yr. The best responses to date include 7 partial responses (PR, 5 confirmed [cPR]), 11 stable disease (SD), and 12 progressive disease (PD). One pt is too early to evaluate. In total, 16 pts have been discontinued with PD (including 4 with stable disease [SD] or better), 1 pt discontinued due to Grade 3 GI hemorrhage, and 1 was withdrawn due to an ineligible screening QTc value. A preliminary pharmacokinetic analysis indicated that mean pre-dose and 4-hr concentrations (ie, approximate trough and peak) of XL647 on the 5 th day of cycle 1 were (mean ± std-dev) 346 ± 108 and 577 ± 208 ng/mL, respectively, and appeared generally unchanged from cycle to cycle. Deletions in exon 19 of the EGFR gene have been detected in tumor tissue from 4 pts. Two of these pts experienced cPRs and two unconfirmed PRs. Two pts with EGFR L858R mutations have SD (9% and 21% reduction, respectively). EGFR mutations were not detected in tumor DNA from 3 additional pts who experienced a cPR. No EGFR or KRAS gene mutations were detected in 5 pts with PD. Further mutational analysis is ongoing. The most common adverse events reported to date are Grade 1/ 2 diarrhea, fatigue, rash, and nausea. Conclusions: XL647 has anti-tumor activity with >50% of pts experiencing either PR or SD, and is generally well-tolerated in a NSCLC patient population clinically enriched for likelihood of having an EGFR mutation. All 6 pts with EGFR activating mutations have experienced tumor shrinkage, including 4 with PRs. 3 patients without an EGFR mutation experienced a cPR. Updated results including mutational analysis and further characterization of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters will be presented.
Extraction of Sodium and Cesium Polyoidides into Nitrobenzene

Cesium (<5 × 10-3M) can be extracted from aqueous sodium iodide solutions into equal volumes of 0.2M I2 in nitrobenzene at 25°C with extraction coefficients as great as two thousand. Cesium may be ...
Impact of the population of spoilage microflora on the growth of Listeria monocytogenes on frankfurters.

Approximately 100 CFU/cm 2 of a five-strain mixture of Listeria monocytogenes was coinoculated onto frankfurters with three different concentrations (10 2 , 104, and 106 CFU/cm 2 ) of an undefined spoilage microflora derived from commercial frankfurters. The frankfurters were vacuum packaged and stored at 10°C for up to 48 days. The populations of L. monocytogenes, aerobic mesophilic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and Enterobacteriaceae were determined at various time intervals during storage. After 14 days, the population of L. monocytogenes was highest when grown with a spoilage microflora population of 10 2 CFU/cm 2 , and this trend continued until 48 days. Throughout the entire storage period, the populations of L. monocytogenes at any concentration of inoculated spoilage microflora rarely differed by more than 0.5 log CFU/cm 2 , and the maximum observed difference as 1.1 log CFU/cm 2 at 40 days. The growth rate of L. monocytogenes was approximately the same at all concentrations of the inoculated spoilage microflora. These results suggest that the concentration of spoilage microflora present on the original processed meat may have a slight impact on the growth of L. monocytogenes in the package.
A SIMPLE-TO-USE NOMOGRAM FOR PREDICTING 5-, 10- AND 15-YEAR SURVIVAL FOR ASYMPTOMATIC INDIVIDUALS UNDERGOING CORONARY ARTERY CALCIUM SCORING

Coronary artery calcium score (CACS) is a robust predictor of future cardiovascular events. To date, incorporation of the prognostic information from CACS in the clinical setting when considering other coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors is a challenge. We thus developed a simple-to-use
A THREE DIMENSIONAL MODEL OF THE GULF OF ALASKA

This paper presents the development of a three dimensional model of the Gulf of Alaska. The model extends between the Vancouver Island and the Aleutian Islands covering approximatedly 1.5 million square kilometers over the northern Pacific Ocean. Formulated on an ellipsoidal horizontal grid and variable vertical grid, the model is schematized over a 81 x 53 x 10 grid structure. The solution scheme is implicit over the vertical and is programmed using one-dimensional dynamic array for the efficient use of machine storage. The turbulence closure scheme for the non-homogeneous vertical shear is formulated so that the potential and kinetic energetics are monitored and transferred in a closed form. The hydrodynamic model is coupled to a two-dimensional stochastic weather model and an oil-spill trajectory/weathering model. The former also simulates stochastically the cyclogenetic/cyclolytic processes within the modeled area. The paper also compares the computed results with the available field data. Good agreements are found in tidal amplitude and phases as well as currents.
Staff management. How to keep salaries on track and under control.

This article will explain how to develop and maintain a salary schedule for a family physician's practice.
Current issues in perinatal epidemiology.

The main national data sources for perinatal epidemiology are birth and death certificates, yet routinely linked birth and death certificate data are still not available in the U.S. Completeness and quality of the reporting of perinatal events should be considered in examining trends over time and between jurisdictions. The U.S. has experienced a marked decline in its infant mortality rate, but only a very modest decline in the rate of low birth weight. Research must focus more on studies of pre-term labor, rather than low birth weight, which include children who are underground or who are born too early and who, therefore, may represent different etiologies. Sensitive hormonal tests may provide more precise estimates of the rate of very early fetal loss. Management of labor and delivery and of the high-risk newborn have undergone marked changes during the last 15 years, and yet clinical trials have not played a major role in the evaluation of these changes. The difference in reproductive outcomes between whites and blacks, especially in the rate of low birth weight, have persisted and are not understood. Data bases are becoming available for intergenerational studies to determine whether nature or nurture accounts for this difference.
Disclosing the truth about a medical error.

Despite the frequency of mistakes in medical practice, there is no unequivocal formal guidance on how physicians should deal with medical errors.
Neuromuscular Disease in the Neurointensive Care Unit

Neuromuscular diseases are syndromic disorders that affect nerve, muscle, and/or neuromuscular junction. Knowledge about the management of these diseases is required for anesthesiologists, because these may frequently be encountered in the intensive care unit, operating room, and other settings. The challenges and advances in management for some of the neuromuscular diseases most commonly encountered in the operating room and neurointensive care unit are reviewed.
The Korean War: An International History, by Wada Haruki

Sixty years after the end of the Korean War, Kim Jong-un, the supreme leader of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) and grandson of the country's founder, Kim Il-sung, told his troops ...
Traditional vs. Modern logic: predication theory

Hubien1 criticizes authors who ignore mediaeval logic and emphasizes how much the mediaevals have anticipated modern ideas and developments. In fact, work in modern logic together with research in the history of mediaeval logic has increasingly confirmed the view of a unique logica perennis to such a point that, I think, the interesting task today is no longer to look for coincidences but rather to look for discrepancies and real discrepancies, if possible. In this note I wish to consider one such hopeless discrepancy: it has to do with the theory of predication. This delicate topic of predication is often overlooked both by modern logicians and by historians of scholastic logic. Modern logicians criticize the traditional uses of the copula est in ways that are superficial and miss the central issue. Such, for instance, is Russell's complaint (quoted by Hubien) that in traditional logic the sentence "S est P" could mean identity, class-membership and class-inclusion. One can meet this criticism, as in fact Hubien does, by simply claiming that lack of distinctions does not necessarily bring about harmful confusions or inconsistencies. Hubien rightly points out that, for example, the lack of certain terms in French compared with Latin does not lead French speakers to confuse the corresponding objects. He also remarks that the mediaeval copula can be consistently analyzed.2 There is, however, a deeper problem, neither touched by
3 – Nanotechnology for drinking water purification

Water is an essential but overlooked nutrient in the human diet. While many technologies have been developed for water purification, emergence of nanotechnology in the field can reduce cost and also increase efficiency of the purification processes. Furthermore, nanotechnology can allow developing countries to utilize such water purification systems, increasing the availability of clean water. This chapter provides an in-depth review of the current technologies and emerging applications of nanotechnology in drinking water purification. Common drinking water contaminants, such as inorganic heavy metals, organics, and microorganisms will be introduced along with the current strategies for their removal. Most of the chapter will be devoted to discuss the applications of nanotechnology in the areas of adsorption and membrane separation, particularly with respect to how nanotechnology and engineered nanomaterials are applied to improve the efficiency as well as to reduce the cost and environmental footprint of the conventional water purification methods.
Deep neural network combined posteriors for speakers' age and gender classification

Various applications depend on speakers' age and gender to satisfy their customer needs. The age and gender information of a speaker are concealed in the speech signal, which is vary in time duration and is exposed to background noise. These effects make the speakers' age and gender prediction one of the most challenging problems in the field of speech processing. Recently, remarkable developments have been achieved in the neural network field. DNN is considered as one of the state-of-art classifiers. Due to the success of DNN in many speech applications, we propose combined posteriors of the softmax and last hidden layer for class model representation based on a trained DNN. DNN is used in this work to extract the softmax and last hidden layer posteriors from the concatenated frames for each utterance. The outputs of the combined posteriors for each frame in the training database are accumulated to form a new model for each class. Our experimental results showed that the proposed class model is capable of representing speakers age and gender for new utterances. The performance of the proposed work is evaluated by using GMM-UBM model on a publicly available Age-Annotated Database of a German Telephone Speech Database (aGender). The proposed work outperforms the baseline system by approximately 6% in terms of overall accuracy.
Expert Companions: Posttraumatic Growth in Clinical Practice

In this chapter, we assume that the reader is familiar with the concept of posttraumatic growth (PTG) and we will focus on the application of this concept in clinical work. In earlier discussions of these applications (e.g., Calhoun & Tedeschi, 1999), we have made it clear that we are not proposing a new form of treatment, but rather looking for ways to integrate the perspective of PTG into common approaches to therapy for survivors of trauma. We have shown, for example, how therapy for bereaved parents can be enhanced by the inclusion of this growth perspective (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 2004b).
Planung der Maschinenbelegung unter Berücksichtigung der Verarbeitungsqualität

Kurzfassung Lebensmittelverarbeitung in einer Kuche ist noch immer stark durch das Personal beeinflusst. Wenige Maschinen in diesem Umfeld unterstutzen eine vollautomatische Verarbeitung. Um aber auch in der Branche der Gemeinschaftsverpflegung den gewandelten Anforderungen eines sich starker individualisierenden Marktes zu begegnen, sind Automatisierungslosungen erforderlich. Der Beitrag zeigt auf, wie beim Umgang mit verderblichen Gutern eine qualitatsbezogene Maschinenbelegungsplanung durchgefuhrt werden kann.
American Evangelical Politics before the Christian Right

Is American Evangelicalism a politically progressive tradition? For contemporary observers who are familiar with American Evangelicalism only in its modern, politically conservative guise, the idea that many American Evangelicals have traditionally been on the left end of the political spectrum might come as a surprise. Yet, according to Randall Balmer's Evangelicalism in America and Frances Fitzgerald's The Evangelicals, both of which offer two-hundred-year surveys of Evangelical political activism in the United States, the Christian Right is an aberration in American Evangelicalism and not representative of the tradition's political orientation.
Cognitive Systems: Toward Human-Level Functionality

The purpose of this article is to present a bird’s-eye view of the cognitive science research community
Purcell-enhanced microcavity Raman scattering from pressurized gases

We have investigated the Purcell enhancement of spontaneous Raman scattering in microcavities with a test gas under pressure. Micromirrors were fabricated on bulk substrates and assembled into sealed microcavity arrays into which gases could be introduced at pressures of up to 35 bar. We focused on the ν1 Q-branch Raman band in carbon dioxide (1388.2 cm−1) and measured the rate of Raman scattered photons as a function of pressure and concentration. The rate was found to increase approximately linearly with pressure with no significant broadening of the lineshape associated with the doubly resonant Purcell-enhanced Raman process. This lack of broadening is a unique feature of the microcavity-based scheme in which mirrors are only separated by a few microns, making pressurization an effective method to lower the limit of detection.
Object insertion and removal in images with mirror reflection

In this paper, we study reflection integrity assessment for images with strong mirror reflection. Image reflections are physical-level forensic cues involving complicated interactions between surface materials, geometry and lighting, and therefore extremely difficult to fake. Malicious photo manipulations, such as object insertion and removal, can be detected by predicting reflection locations and geometry using scene content and comparing reflections with directly observed objects. We propose a reflection-invariant Bag-of-Features approach to detect and match interest points in the scene and reflection regions, without any prior knowledge. The proposal is open to any robust features and seeks for the right feature yielding the maximal number of matched points. In addition, robust change detection based on disjoint information is proposed to detect object insertion and removal, which is less sensitive to incidental appearance changes. The proposed method is validated on 868 images from the world dataset to demonstrate its efficacy.
Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex Activation During Social Exclusion Mediates the Relation Between Intolerance of Uncertainty and Trait Aggression

Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) is an important individual difference factor that may contribute to trait-like aggression. Deficient engagement of the ventrolateral PFC (vlPFC) during social situations may also be a mechanism that links these two constructs. The aim of the current study was to test a proposed mediation model whereby IU is associated with trait aggression through neural activation of the vlPFC during a social exclusion task. Fifty-three adults with a range of impulsive-aggressive traits completed validated assessments of IU and trait aggression, and the 'Cyberball' social exclusion task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Results supported the mediation model such that greater levels of IU were associated with greater trait aggression through hypoactivation of the vlPFC during social exclusion. This study is the first to provide evidence suggesting that individuals higher in IU have difficulties engaging regulatory neural processes, which in-turn may increase the propensity for aggression.
Regulating acorn germination and seedling emergence in Quercus pagoda (Raf.) as it relates to natural and artificial regeneration

Dormancy break and germination requirements for Quercus pagoda (Raf.) acorns were determined, as well as the effects of acorn pretreatment and post-germination temperatures on epicotyl emergence, seedling development, and seedling biomass accumulation. There was an inverse linear relationship between length of cold stratification (5/1 °C for 0–12 weeks) and cumulative germination percentages in all incubation temperatures (15/6, 20/10, 25/15, 30/20 °C). Acorns required 12 weeks of cold stratification to break dormancy. Gibberellic acid substituted for cold stratification; although, it was not as effective as 12 weeks cold stratification. At 16 weeks of cold stratification, 20% of acorns had germinated, and the remaining 80% of ungerminated acorns reached ≥ 97 ± 1% cumulative germination within 4 days in all incubation temperatures. Post-germination time to epicotyl emergence and to leaf flush was a function of temperature, and time decreased with increased temperatures. With light held constant (50 μmol m−2 s−1), seedlings accumulated greater biomass in temperatures > 20/10 °C. Q. pagoda acorns possess Type 2 nondeep physiological dormancy, and this allows for artificial manipulation of timing and duration of germination. Extending cold stratification 4 weeks beyond dormancy break (i.e., 16 weeks) yields more uniform germination across a range of temperatures. Epicotyl emergence, seedling development, and biomass accumulation may be regulated by manipulating growing temperature. In this study, the most uniform seedling cohort with the greatest total biomass was produced when acorns received 16 weeks of cold stratification, followed by transfer of germinants to 30/20 °C.
Small Talk: A Community Research Collaboration to Increase Parental Provision of Language to Children

Early language input contributes to children’s healthy brain development and sets the stage for life-long achievement and wellness. Parents vary in their ability to offer rich language support within the home environment due to social and contextual factors. There is a lack of research on the effectiveness of a universal prevention approach to equip all parents to provide an enriching home language environment. A team including university researchers, a public library, and a community non-profit agency worked together to test the effectiveness of a universal, community-based intervention to increase parents’ child-directed speech, back-and-forth interactions with their child, and knowledge of child development. Over a period of 2 years, three cohorts of parents and caregivers completed the program (n = 153). Using translational research principles, a pre/post longitudinal repeated measures data analytic strategy examined the growth in parent talk (total number of adult words and conversational turns directed to the child) and parent knowledge of child development. This objective quantitative language data was collected automatically, with innovative wearable technology that was a part of the intervention and data collection. In each of the cycles of the intervention, a significant increase in the amount of child-directed speech and in the number of conversational turns between the caregiver and child was demonstrated. In addition, parents significantly increased their knowledge of child development. Conclusion: Universal programs delivered in the community have potential to help parents provide the type of enriching language environments that lead to optimal brain development for young children.
Book Review - Sandlin, J. and Wallin, J. (eds.), 2017. Paranoid Pedagogies: Education, Culture, and Paranoia. London: Palgrave Macmillan. 212 Pages.

Paranoid Pedagogies attempts to revive an interest in paranoid subjectivity, especially as it relates to sociocultural mechanisms that, in many ways, bind educational thought and practice. For all of the conversation surrounding cultures of surveillance, escalating standardization, conspiratorial politics, and neoliberal univocality within this context, there is limited discussion about how paranoiac fixity preserves and reproduces these psychosocial realities.