cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Assembly of Chl-Protein Complexes in Membranes of Iron-Stressed Synechococcus SP. PCC7942 Proceeds in the Absence of Chlorophyll Synthesis

Iron-limited growth of plants and cyanobacteria results in a dramatic decrease in chlorophyll and thylakoid content. Iron deficient cells of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC7942 demonstrate significant changes in the organization of their photosynthetic membranes. One of the most dramatic changes is evidenced by the depletion of PSI and PSH chlorophyll-protein complexes and the accumulation of an accessory chlorophyll-protein complex, CPVI-4, which is present in very low amounts in unstressed cells. CPVI-4 harbors the majority of the chlorophyll in the iron-stressed cells. Its function may be that of a weak antenna or perhaps that of a chlorophyll reservoir which facilitates recovery when iron becomes available (Riethman and Sherman, 1988). We examined the recovery of cells from iron limitation by monitoring low temperature chlorophyll fluorescence of whole cells and chlorophyll-protein changes in thylakoid membranes under conditions in which chlorophyll synthesis or protein synthesis is inhibited.
Quantitative 1H and 31P MRS of PCA extracts of postmortem Alzheimer's disease brain

Abstract Several previous studies have shown metabolic abnormalities in perchloric acid extracts of postmortem Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain by both proton ( 1 H) and phosphorus-31 ( 31 P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). In all of these studies the results were expressed in relative terms, in units of mol percent. The results of this study, expressed in the absolute units of μmol/g wet weight, verify the previous 1 H and 31 P MRS studies. Absolute increases were found for myo-inositol, aspartate, l -glutamate, alanine, phosphocholine, and the phosphodiesters,. Absolute decreases were found for phosphoethanolamine and N-acetyl- l -aspartate. Many of these changes also were observed in non-AD dementia brain extracts, but changes in myo-inositol, inositol-1-phosphate, aspartate, and l -glutamate appeared to be more specific for AD in extracts of many brain areas. These results suggest that compounds related to membrane degradation and excitatory neurotransmission increase in Alzheimer's disease while compounds related to neuronal integrity and inhibitory neurotransmission are decreased.
An Experimental Study Of Commercial Bank Loan Officer Behavior

This paper presents the results of an experimental study in which commercial bank loan officers evaluated a hypothetical ongoing firm for a line of credit, and independently, a term loan. Statistical analysis revealed significant influences on the loan decision resulting from bank size, national charter, urban location, loan officer age, years of experience, and prior experience with capital lease transactions.
Evolution Is a Model, Why Not Teach It That Way?

This chapter describes the author’s Evolution Readiness project1and the teaching materials it has produced. These materials present themselves to students as engaging video games built on a manipulable model that embodies natural selectionas an explanatory mechanismfor the adaptations of organisms to their environments. The games offer challenges that guide students’ progress from reasoning about individuals to exploring the behavior of populations of organisms over many generations. One goal of this work is to create the technological base required to support an approach to biology education based on natural selection. The teleological aspect of biology—the fact that organisms appear to be designed for particular purposes—is not treated very well in the traditional US K-12 curriculum which mostly deals with data (what do we see when we observe the living world?) rather than process (how did it get that way?). This is hardly surprising, given that the processes responsible for adaptation are slow acting, indirect, and difficult to observe. We describe the design principles behind the creation of interactive learning activitiesthat can overcome these problems and, in symbiosis with textbooks, laboratory experiments, and field observations, help students to hone their biological reasoning skills.
Peer Interaction: A Compromise or a Necessity?

In both research and practice, interaction with teachers or native speakers (NSs) has often been believed to play a facilitative role in second language (L2) development. However, as many learners in the classroom interact most frequently with other learners, there is a need to understand how peer interaction may differ from other types of interaction, such as learner-NS interaction, and how it may shape L2 development. Based on a review of studies on task-based peer interaction, this paper seeks to investigate its effect on L2 learning. The results indicate that peer interaction can benefit learners in various ways by creating opportunities to produce and modify output, receive feedback, and engage in collaborative dialogue. However, studies also found that having learners work together in itself does not automatically promote learning, and suggestions for creating more learning opportunities in peer interaction are discussed.
Vesico-vaginal fistula and osteomyelitis. A complication of an occult open fracture of the pelvis: a case report

The case of a patient with a post-traumatic vesico-vaginal fistula and osteomyelitis of the pelvis is presented. The initiating factor was an occult perforation of the vagina by the fractured pubic bone. The significance of vaginal bleeding after pelvic fractures is discussed.
Sexual and partner violence prevention and popular media

Through the eyes of college age women who participated in focus group discussions, we learn from this article how young women are at once fascinated and repulsed by intensely controlling and abusive relationships. As researchers, practitioners, and advocates engaged in women's health promotion, we should consider our role in addressing harmful images and narratives that condone violence against women.... Language: en
Research Progress of Thermal Recovery by Steam Injection

Based on literature investigation,the mechanisms of oil recovery by steam injection were summarized;the research status and development trend of thermal recovery of heavy oil by steam injection were discussed;and the application prospect,research status and subjects needed to be further studied in thermal recovery of light oil by steam injection were investigated emphatically.It can be concluded that thermal recovery of heavy oil by steam injection is a relative mature technology,which occupies an important position in the production of heavy oil.Addition of dissolvent,high-temperature foam and polymers into the injected steam can improve the effect of thermal recovery of heavy oil by steam injection,which is the development trend for thermal recovery of heavy oil.It is feasible to change into use thermal method of steam injection to recover reservoirs of light oil after water or polymer flooding.and the issues needed to be emphatically studied include steam generation by using coal or nuclear energy,adopting alternative injection of water and steam,high-temperature foam to increase the recovery efficiency of light oil reservoir.
Airborne starch dispersal from stone grinding: Experimental results and implications

Abstract Starch granules can be recovered from a variety of archaeological contexts and have been used to interpret plant utilization, cooking technologies, and activity areas. This experiment assessed the distance maize starch granules travelled from an outdoor and indoor stone grinding station. Starch was recovered from water traps as far as 10 m from the grinding site, with dense starch concentrations occurring only within 40 cm from stone mano and grinding slab. Wind direction drastically altered the travel distance of ground maize starch, highlighting the importance of context in interpreting the archaeological starch record. The parameters established by this experimental work can inform starch researchers to improve sampling, research, and interpretation strategies for archaeological starch in soil and sediment contexts.
Glucocorticoids Alter CRTC-CREB Signaling in Muscle Cells: Impact on PGC-1α Expression and Atrophy Markers

Muscle wasting associated with chronic diseases has been linked to decreased expression of PGC-1α and overexpression of PGC-1α counters muscle loss. CREB, in conjunction with the CREB-regulated transcription coactivator (CRTC2), is a positive modulator of PGC-1α transcription. We previously reported that PGC-1α expression is decreased in skeletal muscle of diabetic rats despite a high level of CREB phosphorylation (i.e., activation), suggesting that CRTC2-CREB signaling may be dysregulated. In this study, the relationship between CREB/CRTC signaling and PGC-1α expression was examined in L6 myotubes treated with dexamethasone (Dex, 48h) to induce atrophy. Dex decreased PGC-1α mRNA and protein as well as the levels of CRTC1 and CRTC2 in the nucleus. Dex also altered the nuclear levels of two known regulators of CRTC2 localization; the amount of calcinuerin catalytic A subunit (CnA) was decreased whereas SIK was increased. To assess PGC-1α transcription, muscle cells were transfected with a PGC-1α luciferase reporter plasmid (PGC-1α-Luc). Dex suppressed PGC-1α luciferase activity while both isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX) and over-expression of CRTC1 or CRTC2 increased PGC-1α-Luc activity. Mutation of the CRE binding site from PGC-1α-Luc reporter attenuated the responses to both IBMX and the CRTC proteins. Consistent with the reporter gene results, overexpression of CRTC2 produced an increase in CRTC2 in the nucleus and in PGC-1α mRNA and PGC-1α protein. Overexpression of CRTC2 was not sufficient to prevent the decrease in PGC-1α mRNA or protein by Dex. In summary, these data suggest that attenuated CREB/CRTC signaling contributes to the decrease in PGC-1α expression during atrophy.
Concomitant multifocal gastrinomas and adenocarcinoma in the stomach: A case report and literature review

Abstract The stomach is an uncommon location for gastrinomas. Here we report a rare case of multifocal gastrinomas in the antrum with concomitant gastric adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia. The patient was a 35-year-old man who presented with mild upper abdominal discomfort for 3months. Serum gastrin level was elevated to 542pg/mL (normal: Helicobacter pylori -like organisms were detected in the antral mucosa. The post-operative course was uneventful, and the patient's serum gastrin level dropped to 30pg/mL. He is currently receiving chemotherapy for the adenocarcinoma. This is a rare case of multifocal gastrinoma in an unusual location. It has already been established that hypergastrinemia plays a role in the pathogenesis of gastric adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine neoplasms. Therefore, it is important to rule out these concomitant lesions, both clinically and pathologically, when dealing with a proven gastrinoma.
Sequential Distribution of Keratan Sulphate and Chondroitin Sulphate Epitopes During Ameloblast Differentiation

Proteoglycans are complex macromolecules containing one or more glycosaminoglycan chains and exhibiting a variety of biological functions in connective tissues. The aim of the present study was to immunolocalize the distribution of keratan sulphate and chondroitin sulphate epitopes during initial enamel formation in order to study temporo-spatial expression patterns of these macromolecules. Third molars of four-months-old pigs were used for immunolocalization of keratan sulphate and chondroitin sulphate epitopes in the developing enamel layer. Tooth organs were prepared for paraffin sections in order to perform indirect immunohistochemistry. The results demonstrated a mutually exclusive positioning between these two epitopes. Keratan sulphate epitopes were observed in pre-secretory pre-ameloblasts and adjacent stratum intermedium while chondroitin sulphate epitopes were demonstrated in secretory ameloblasts and adjacent stratum intermedium. Our findings suggest that proteoglycans containing glycosaminoglycan chains may play a regulatory role during enamel mineralization.
Galileo results raise new questions about Ganymede

In June and September 1996 the Galileo spacecraft made two close approaches to Ganymede, the largest of Jupiter's moons. Measurements made by on-board instruments were beamed back to Earth, while Ganymede's gravitational field was accurately determined by radio-tracking the spacecraft. Two surprising conclusions have now emerged from the data. First, there is a strong decrease in density from the centre of Ganymede to its surface – perhaps the largest variation of any solid planetary body in the solar system. Second, Ganymede possesses an independent magnetic field (Nature384 535–545). Such findings differ from our previous understanding of Ganymede, and will prompt scientists to rethink their ideas of many planetary processes.
Synthesis and characterisation of new mesogenic esters derived from 1,2,4-oxadiazole and study the effect of alkoxy chain length in their liquid crystalline properties

ABSTRACTIn this study, a new series of non-symmetrically 3,5-disubstituted of 1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives, 4-[5-(4-methylphenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]-phenyl-4-alkoxybenzoate (G1–G11), which containing ether and ester linkages in the same molecule, is synthesised using different synthetic procedures and their structures are confirmed by several spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance). The mesomorphic properties of these compounds are studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarised optical microscopy (POM); all these derivatives exhibited as mesogens and displayed an enantiotropic liquid crystal with nematic texture, the nematogenic phase of these materials was appeared in wide temperature ranges on heating and cooling cycles that were observed by POM and DSC. The influence of 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring and the elongation of alkyl chain in the mesomorphic properties of this series were investigated. The mesogenic behaviour of this series was compared with the compoun...
The Health Program of Colleges and Universities

(1933). The Health Program of Colleges and Universities. The Journal of Health and Physical Education: Vol. 4, No. 6, pp. 12-46.
Critical communication pedagogy and service learning in a mixed-method communication research course

ABSTRACTCourse: Mixed-Method Communication Research MethodsObjective: The purpose of this semester-long activity is to provide students with opportunities to cultivate mixed-method communication research skills through a social justice-informed service-learning format. Completing this course, students will be able to: recognize the unique strengths of quantitative and qualitative research methods; locate, evaluate, and utilize scholarly literature for a literature review; conduct an original research project using quantitative and qualitative research methods to gather and analyze data; and raise self and community awareness about a social issue through collaboration with a community organization.
Cyclic nucleotide-dependent screening of a lamda expression library for nucleic acid binding activities.

Here we describe a modified ligand screening strategy for the expression cloning of mammalian proteins that require the activation of protein kinase cascades to activate ligand binding activity. Th...
A Content Analysis of Mission Statements in Nonprofit Education

Using computer-assisted qualitative data analysis, researchers analyzed the mission statements of schools that house nonprofit management programs associated with the Nonprofit Academic Centers Council (NACC). They analyzed mission statements as an aggregate and by location. When comparing keywords in the schools’ mission statements to keywords in the NACC guidelines, they found that arts, science, and humanities schools’ mission statements shared only one keyword with NACC Curricular Guidelines: society . Business schools’ mission statements also shared only one common word with NACC Curricular Guidelines: management . However, public administration mission statements had three words in common with the NACC Curricular Guidelines: (1) nonprofit , (2) public , and (3) effective . The researchers conclude that there is little connection between nonprofit management programs and the mission statements of their schools. Nonprofit programs may be lost in their schools and could benefit from accreditation to ensure their integrity. This is important information for the best place debate and the accreditation debate for nonprofit management education programs. Subscribe to JNEL
Measuring success in hemophilia gene therapy using a factor level & outcomes yardstick.

Hemophilia gene transfer is novel,But what will be the new trough?For evidence, we’ll just have to grovel,’Cause, in truth, there is not near enough.Troughs of 1–5% are the intentionOf standard pro...
Preclinical approaches to assess potential kinase inhibitor‐induced cardiac toxicity: Past, present and future

Over a decade ago, use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for the treatment of malignancies was found to cause left ventricular dysfunction, a finding that was unexpected and not well predicted by standard preclinical studies. Subsequently, several preclinical approaches were proposed to address this issue. Over the last 5 years, several approaches for preclinical evaluation of cardiac function using isolated perfused hearts, engineered heart tissue and human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac myocytes have been shown to be relatively predictive of the cardiotoxic potential of TKIs. Further, preclinical studies submitted for regulatory review for recently approved KIs have demonstrated various forms of KI-induced cardiotoxicity. Thus, early identification and assessment of cardiotoxicity in the preclinical setting is now possible. Given that kinases are involved in diverse cellular processes common to both normal and tumor cells, KI-induced toxicity, particularly in the heart, appears difficult to avoid. To develop drugs with fewer adverse effects, better efficacy and safety assessments, such as pharmacological separation of targets for cancer from heart, and/or wider separation of the drug concentrations for antitumor activity from cardiac toxicity, may be helpful. Additional preclinical approaches for assessing drug efficacy and toxicity in parallel may include use of animal cancer models and a 3D integrated in vitro model of perfused tumor and heart tissues. Minimizing and predicting potential KI-induced cardiotoxicity is still an important regulatory challenge, and better preclinical approaches may help achieve this goal.
Predicting, diagnosing and improving automatic language identification performance.

Language-identification (LID) techniques that use multiple single-language phoneme recognizers followed by n-gram language models have consistently yielded top performance at NIST evaluations. In our study of such systems, we have recently cut our LID error rate by modeling the output of n-gram language models more carefully. Additionally, we are now able to produce meaningful confidence scores along with our LID hypotheses. Finally, we have developed some diagnostic measures that can predict performance of our LID algorithms.
Downregulation of c- kit Expression in Human Endothelial Cells by Inflammatory Stimuli

In recent studies we have shown that the expression of stem cell factor (SCF ) in human endothelial cells is regulated by inflammatory processes. Gram-negative bacteria, interleukin-1 (IL-1), and lipopolysaccharide were able to upregulate the expression of SCF in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) ( Blood 83:2836, 1994). Interestingly enough c- kit , the receptor of SCF, is coexpressed on HUVEC, suggesting an autoregulatory mechanism. To investigate the relation of c- kit and inflammatory processes we stimulated HUVEC with IL-1α and we established an in vitro model of inflammation. Binding experiments with 125 I-SCF were performed to study the c- kit receptor expression on HUVEC. Scatchard analysis revealed both high-affinity receptors (K d ≈0.36 nmol/L) and low-affinity receptors (K d ≈2.9 nmol/L). Exposure to IL-1α led to a significant 50% reduction of c- kit high-affinity receptors, whereas the number of low-affinity receptors was not affected, in comparison to a control group of untreated HUVEC. Furthermore, using Northern blot analysis we studied the regulation c- kit mRNA expression in HUVEC after stimulation with IL-1α. Kinetic experiments showed a time-dependent downregulation of c- kit specific transcripts. In addition, we cocultured HUVEC with diverse bacterial strains. Experiments were performed over time with 1 × 10 6 bacteria/mL. Our data showed that, in contrary to the previously reported upregulation of SCF mRNA expression, stimulation with Yersinia enterocolitica or with Neisseria meningitidis led to a significant time-dependent downregulation of c- kit mRNA within 3 hours. These data indicate that inflammatory stimuli such as IL-1 or living bacteria activate a mechanism that downregulates c- kit receptor expression in human endothelial cells during the state of inflammation.
Cereal Proteins in Human Nutrition

Cereals are usually thought of as a valuable source of calories, but they also represent an important source of protein. Cereal protein is especially valuable in our diets when we consider complementation of amino acids between various plant sources. Cereal protein represents an important component in the diets of people, roughly 16 to 45 grams per capita per day. This represents 70% of the total protein available in some areas of the world. Grains and grain legumes represent important sources of calories and protein. In fact, these two food sources represent our hope for overcoming protein calorie malnutrition in the developing countries. The consumption of cereal proteins in conjunction with food legumes results in a better balance in essential amino acids, thus higher protein quality. The complementary effects of various cereal:legume:tuber combinations are presented. It is important to keep in mind that combinations of plant proteins can be selected to provide high quality protein, especially for adults. Hopefully, this paper will stimulate others to evaluate protein combinations for providing high quality protein.
A Map from Wiring Diagrams to Undirected Wiring Diagrams

In this chapter we extend the operad map in the previous chapter, which goes from the operad of normal wiring diagrams to the operad of undirected wiring diagrams, to the operad of all wiring diagrams. Furthermore, we show that the extended operad map is surjective.
The Prevalence of Rib Fractures Incidentally Identified by Chest Radiograph among Infants and Toddlers.

Objectives To determine the prevalence of incidental rib fractures identified by chest radiograph (CXR) obtained for indications unrelated to accidental trauma or nonaccidental trauma (NAT), and describe the histories associated with cases of incidental rib fractures and their proposed etiologies. It is hypothesized that incidental rib fractures are rare and alternative explanations for rib fractures occasionally used in a medico-legal context such as minor accidental trauma, undiagnosed medical conditions, and transient metabolic bone disturbances are unlikely to be the etiology of incidental rib fractures. Study design A retrospective chart review of sequential CXRs of children ages 0 to Results A total of 7530 patients underwent 9720 CXRs associated with unique clinical encounters. Five CXRs had incidental rib fractures identified, making the prevalence of CXRs with incidental rib fractures in this cohort Conclusions Identification of incidental rib fracture on CXR is rare. When detected in the absence of corresponding trauma history and/or objective laboratory or radiographic metabolic abnormalities, work-up for NAT should be pursued.
Sex‐ and age‐based differences in mortality during the 1918 influenza pandemic on the island of Newfoundland

OBJECTIVES Our aim was to understand sex- and age-based differences in mortality during the 1918 influenza pandemic on the island of Newfoundland. The pandemic's impact on different age groups has been the focus of other research, but sex-based differences in mortality are rarely considered. Aspects of social organization, labor patterns, and social behaviors that contribute to mortality between males and females at all ages are used to explain observed mortality patterns. METHODS Recorded pneumonia and influenza deaths on the island (n = 1871) were used to calculate cause-specific death rates and to evaluate differences in sex-based mortality. Mortality levels in 17 districts and four regions (Avalon, North, South, and West) were compared using standardized mortality ratios (SMRs). A logistic regression model was fit to determine in which regions sex-based mortality could be predicted using age and region as interactive predictors. RESULTS Differences in sex-based mortality varied across regions; they were not significant for the aggregate population. SMRs were also variable, with no significant sex-based differences. Sex-based differences were highly variable within regions. Results from a logistic regression analysis suggest that females in the South region may have experienced a higher probability of death than other island residents. CONCLUSIONS Mortality analysis for aggregate populations homogenizes important epidemiologic patterns. Men and women did not experience the 1918 influenza pandemic in the same way, and by analyzing data at the regional and district geographic levels, patterns emerge that can be explained by the economies and social organization of the people who lived there.
Management of Chorioamnionitis-Exposed Infants in the Newborn Nursery Using a Clinical Examination–Based Approach

BACKGROUND: Antibiotic use in well-appearing late preterm and term chorioamnionitis-exposed (CE) infants was reduced by 88% after the adoption of a care approach that was focused on clinical monitoring in the intensive care nursery to determine the need for antibiotics. However, this approach continued to separate mothers and infants. We aimed to reduce maternal-infant separation while continuing to use a clinical examination–based approach to identify early-onset sepsis (EOS) in CE infants. METHODS: Within a quality improvement framework, well-appearing CE infants ≥35 weeks’ gestation were monitored clinically while in couplet care in the postpartum unit without laboratory testing or empirical antibiotics. Clinical monitoring included physician examination at birth and nurse examinations every 30 minutes for 2 hours and then every 4 hours until 24 hours of life. Infants who developed clinical signs of illness were further evaluated and/or treated with antibiotics. Antibiotic use, laboratory testing, and clinical outcomes were collected. RESULTS: Among 319 initially well-appearing CE infants, 15 (4.7%) received antibiotics, 23 (7.2%) underwent laboratory testing, and 295 (92.5%) remained with their mothers in couplet care throughout the birth hospitalization. One infant had group B Streptococcus EOS identified and treated at 24 hours of age based on new-onset tachypnea and had an uncomplicated course. CONCLUSIONS: Management of well-appearing CE infants by using a clinical examination–based approach during couplet care in the postpartum unit maintained low rates of laboratory testing and antibiotic use and markedly reduced mother-infant separation without adverse events. A framework for repeated clinical assessments is an essential component of identifying infants with EOS.
Building the case for actionable ethics in digital health research supported by artificial intelligence

The digital revolution is disrupting the ways in which health research is conducted, and subsequently, changing healthcare. Direct-to-consumer wellness products and mobile apps, pervasive sensor technologies and access to social network data offer exciting opportunities for researchers to passively observe and/or track patients ‘in the wild’ and 24/7. The volume of granular personal health data gathered using these technologies is unprecedented, and is increasingly leveraged to inform personalized health promotion and disease treatment interventions. The use of artificial intelligence in the health sector is also increasing. Although rich with potential, the digital health ecosystem presents new ethical challenges for those making decisions about the selection, testing, implementation and evaluation of technologies for use in healthcare. As the ‘Wild West’ of digital health research unfolds, it is important to recognize who is involved, and identify how each party can and should take responsibility to advance the ethical practices of this work. While not a comprehensive review, we describe the landscape, identify gaps to be addressed, and offer recommendations as to how stakeholders can and should take responsibility to advance socially responsible digital health research.
Coalition Parties versus Coalitions of Parties: How Electoral Agency Shapes the Political Logic of Costs and Benefits

This paper argues that governments formed from post-election coalitions (majority coalition governments in PR systems) and pre-election coalitions (majority parties in SMD systems) aggregate the interests of voters in systematically different ways. We show that the multiple policy dimensional policy space that emerges from PR motivates parties in the government coalition to logroll projects among themselves without internalizing the costs in the way that a majoritarian party would. We further show that, although centrifugal electoral incentives dominate in PR systems, some incentives towards coalescence across groups and across parties exist through the greater likelihood that large parties have in becoming a member of a minimal winning coalition of parties. The model predicts that the size of the public sector should should be larger in PR systems. This prediction is tested using data from the 1970’s-90’s in 17 European countries.
Myocardial bridging in the era of a drug epidemic: a case report addressing the need to revisit donor organ assessment.

Background Myocardial bridging (MB), though typically a benign finding, may occasionally lead to syncope, myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, or sudden death. Surgical denervation of transplanted hearts complicates the management of such incidentally detected post-transplant coronary anomalies due to the lack of classic ischaemic symptoms. Case summary A middle-aged female underwent an uncomplicated cardiac transplantation from a healthy male donor in his early 20s who had suffered a cardiac arrest while using cocaine. Given the young donor age, a pre-transplant coronary angiogram (CAG) was deferred. However, 6-week post-transplant, routine CAG, and intravascular ultrasound revealed an extensive MB spanning a significant portion of the left anterior descending coronary artery with substantial myocardium at risk. A stress test with myocardial perfusion imaging performed to evaluate the functional significance of the bridge did not reveal any perfusion abnormalities in the myocardium at risk. Discussion In current practice, younger donors often do not undergo pre-transplantation CAG routinely performed in older donors given the lower prevalence of significant coronary disease. However, post-operatively this young donor was found to have passed on a potentially life-threatening MB to a denervated recipient, who cannot manifest typical anginal symptoms during ischaemia, thereby challenging providers to choose among strategies of watchful waiting, risk stratification, or pre-emptive intervention. In retrospect, the donor's mode of death may have signalled an underlying structural abnormality that warranted further pre-transplant characterization. In order to ensure optimal quality of transplanted hearts, young donors may warrant pre-transplant CAG despite their age, particularly those with a history of drug use or suspicious mode of death.
Gun Violence Exposure and Posttraumatic Symptoms Among Children and Youth

Although statistics on youth homicide and injury from gun violence are available, little research has focused on how gun violence overlaps with other victimizations or on the psychological impact of gun violence on children. Pilot survey data were collected on the experiences of 630 U.S. children (age range: 2-17 years) from Boston, Philadelphia, and rural areas of eastern Tennessee. Youth aged 10-17 years completed a self-report survey on a wide range of gun violence exposures, and parents of younger children (aged 2-9 years) completed the survey as a proxy for that child. Direct gun violence exposure, witnessing gun violence, and hearing gunshots were all significantly associated with other forms of victimization, rs = .10-.38, p < .001. The findings suggest that youth who experience direct gun violence are often exposed to multiple violent contexts. For older youth (ages 10-17 years) polyvictimization was most strongly associated with posttraumatic symptoms, β = .35, p < .001, although witnessing gun violence still uniquely predicted a higher level of symptoms, β = .18, p < .01. For younger children (ages 2-9 years), hearing and witnessing gun violence were both related to posttraumatic symptoms, β = .15, p < .01 for both, even after controlling for polyvictimization. Mental health professionals and trauma-informed services should be mindful that the traumatic impact of gun violence for children may not necessarily be attached to direct victimization experiences but may also result from simply seeing or hearing it in their neighborhoods.
Treatment of Refractory Urinary Urgency, Frequency, and Incontinence in Pregnancy

The prevalence of urinary symptoms such as urgency, frequency, and urge incontinence is high in pregnancy and often becomes more bothersome further in pregnancy. First-line treatment often includes behavioral modifications such as avoidance of caffeine and timed voiding. Treating incontinence refractory to these first-line measures poses a challenge to the clinician given the concern for fetal harm, miscarriage, and preterm labor from current treatment modalities. The purpose of this review article is to summarize the most up-to-date literature of second- and third-line treatment options for urge incontinence in pregnancy as well as address the known and theoretical risks. The etiology of urge incontinence in pregnancy remains poorly understood and is likely multifactorial. Pelvic floor physical therapy, oral medications, and sacral neuromodulation have been used during pregnancy with some efficacy and outcome reporting. The use of percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation or intradetrusor onabotulinum toxin A injections specifically for the treatment of overactive bladder in pregnancy has not been reported. The current data is limited and comes mostly from case studies/series and registry data. With the exception of pelvic floor physical therapy, limited evidence exists to recommend one treatment modality over another in pregnancy. The safety prolife of oral medications, onabotulinum toxin A injections, and neural modulation in pregnancy has not been conclusively established. The decision to use one of these treatments during pregnancy must weigh the known and theoretical risks against the potential benefits and include informed decision making with the patient.
«Reforma de la filosofía» en Ortega y la «nueva filosofía de la vida» en Dilthey según Georg Misch

espanolEn dos estudios muy conocidos en su dia (1923, 1929-31) y centrados en Wilhelm Dilthey, su discipulo y yerno Georg Misch idealizo a su persona y pensamiento. Mientras Ortega estudiaba esta idealizacion, alcanzo la madurez filosofica entre 1929 y 1931. Ajusto la filosofia de la vida de Dilthey, vitalizada por Misch, a los propositos de su «razon vital». Llevan la impronta del Dilthey de Misch doctrinas basicas de Ortega —la idea de la vida humana como realidad radical, a la cual van referidas todas las demas; la reforma omnimoda de la filosofia desde la vida; la dignificacion de la vida como quehacer autentico, y las visiones de la vida como secreto, diferente del ser y comprensible a traves de las «categorias de nuestra vida»—. Ortega pesa y mide los contrastes categoriales hechos por Misch entre Dilthey y Heidegger para sistematizar sus propias categorias y erigirlas en «principios de metafisica segun la razon vital» EnglishIn two studies well-known in their day (1923, 1929-31) on Wilhelm Dilthey, his student and son-in-law Georg Misch idealized his person and his thought. While studying this idealization, Ortega achieved philosophical maturity between 1929 and 1931. He adjusted Dilthey’s philosophy of life, energized by Misch, to the purposes of «vital reason». Ortega’s basic doctrines show the impact of Misch´s Dilthey —the idea of human life, the radical reality, to which all others are referred; the all-embracing reform of philosophy from the standpoint of life; the idea of life as a chore for self-authentication; and the views of life as a secret, different from Being, and comprehensible by means of the «categories of our life»—. Ortega weighs and measures the contrasts made by Misch between the categories of Dilthey and those of Heidegger to systematize his own categories and raise them to the rank of «principles of metaphysics in accordance with vital reason»
Every Child Counts: The Importance of the 2020 Census for Pediatric Health Equity.

The decennial census, written as a mandate into the US Constitution over 200 years ago, remains critical to the health of children today. The census count determines the distribution of $1.5 trillion (in 2017 dollars) in federal funds,1 including funding for over 300 programs1 that are vital to child health. These include programs supporting health care (eg, Medicaid and Children’s Health Insurance Program), education (eg, Head Start and special education grants), food and nutrition (eg, Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program), housing (eg, Section 8 housing choice voucher program), and foster care.1–3 Epidemiologists, health services researchers, and businesses also rely on census data to inform their research and investments.4 Furthermore, census data determine districting in Congress and state legislatures, ensuring fair representation in our democracy.2,3 Given the far-reaching impacts of census data on child health and health equity, pediatric health care providers have a strong interest in, and should work to ensure, an accurate count in the 2020 census. A major challenge with the census is the persistence of hard-to-count tracts. Hard-to-count tracts are districts or segments of the population with a census response rate of $2300 of federal funding for each person uncounted in the … Address correspondence to Amanda M. Stewart, MD, MPH, FAAP, Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115. E-mail: amanda.stewart{at}childrens.harvard.edu
Non-reciprocal electronics based on temporal modulation

In general, reciprocity requires that signals travel in the same manner in both forward and reverse directions. It governs the behaviour of the majority of electronic circuits and components, imposing severe restrictions on how they operate. Components that violate reciprocity, such as gyrators, isolators and circulators, are, however, of use in many different electronic applications. Non-reciprocal electronic components have typically been implemented using ferrites, but such magnetic materials cannot be integrated in modern semiconductor fabrication processes and magnetic non-reciprocal components remain bulky and expensive. Creating non-reciprocal components without the use of magnetic materials has a long history, but has recently been reinvigorated due to advancements in semiconductor technology. Here we review the development of non-reciprocal devices and the development of non-magnetic non-reciprocal electronics, focusing on devices based on temporal modulation, which arguably exhibit the greatest potential. We consider approaches based on temporal modulation of permittivity and conductivity, as well as hybrid acoustic–electronic components, which have applications including high-power transmitters for communications, simultaneous transmit and receive radars, and full-duplex wireless radios. We also explore superconducting non-reciprocal components based on temporal modulation of permeability for potential applications in quantum computing and consider the key future challenges in the field. This Review Article examines the development of non-magnetic non-reciprocal electronics with a focus on devices based on temporal modulation, including approaches based on temporal modulation of permittivity and conductivity, as well as superconducting components for applications in quantum computing.
Nutrient sensing pathways regulating adult reproductive diapause in C. elegans

ABSTRACT Genetic and environmental manipulations, such as dietary restriction (DR), can improve both health span and lifespan in a wide range of organisms, including humans. Changes in nutrient intake trigger often overlapping metabolic pathways that can generate distinct or even opposite outputs depending on several factors, such as when DR occurs in the lifecycle of the organism or the nature of the changes in nutrients. Due to the complexity of metabolic pathways and the diversity in outputs, the underlying mechanisms regulating diet-associated pro-longevity are not yet well understood. Adult reproductive diapause (ARD) in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans is a DR model that is associated with lengthened lifespan and reproductive potential (Angelo and Van Gilst 2009). As the metabolic pathways regulating ARD have not yet been explored in depth, we performed a candidate-based genetic screen analyzing select nutrient-sensing pathways to determine their contribution to the regulation of ARD. Focusing on the three phases of ARD (initiation, maintenance, and recovery), we find that ARD initiation is regulated by fatty acid metabolism, sirtuins, AMPK, and the O-linked N-acetyl glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) pathway. Although ARD maintenance was not significantly influenced by the nutrient sensors in our screen, we found that ARD recovery was modulated by energy sensing, stress response, insulin-like signaling, and the TOR pathway. We also discovered that fatty acid β-oxidation regulates ARD initiation through a pathway involving the O-GlcNAc cycling enzyme, OGT-1, acting with the nuclear hormone receptor NHR-49. Consistent with these findings, our analysis revealed a change in levels of neutral lipids associated with ARD entry defects. Our findings thus identify novel conserved genetic pathways required for ARD entry and recovery and identify new genetic interactions that provide insight into the role of OGT and OGA.
Motion Prediction of Human-Driven Vehicles in Mixed Traffic with Connected Autonomous Vehicles

In this paper, we investigate the motion prediction of human-driven vehicles in traffic flow mixed with connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs). Here, CAVs indicate the self-driving vehicles that can exchange messages with other vehicles through wireless vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, while human-driven vehicles are not equipped with V2V communication devices. The recursive least square (RLS) method is applied to approximate the dynamic model of the human- driven vehicles immediately ahead of CAVs, and the identified model is further used to predict the future motion of human- driven vehicles. To improve the prediction accuracy, triggering time and physical constraints are included in the predictor. Numerical simulations are utilized to validate the predictor. The effects of uncertain human reaction delays, time-varying parameters of human-driven vehicles, and stochastic packet drops in V2V communication on the accuracy of the RLS prediction are also investigated.
Health and Physical Education in other Lands

(1962). Health and Physical Education in other Lands. Journal of Health, Physical Education, Recreation: Vol. 33, No. 9, pp. 14-16.
Characterizing household food shopping behavior using novel receipt-based geospatial measures

Background: In efforts to better understand how geographic food access measures influences dietary behaviors, researchers are developing second-generation methodologies to explore and track how ind...
Poliomyelitis in MuLV-infected ICR-SCID mice after injection of basement membrane matrix contaminated with lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus.

Lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus (LDV) is an enveloped RNA virus belonging to the family Arteriviridae. Originally identified as a contaminant of transplantable tumors,54 LDV remains a common contaminant of experimental biologic materials.43,47 The virus was so named because it reliably causes an acute rise in serum LDH after infection; consequently, measurement of serum LDH after inoculation of biologic materials into mice has historically been used as the classic method for detection of LDV contamination.54,63 LDV has a highly specific tropism for a small subset of mature mouse macrophages that express F4/80 cell surface antigen, and infection results in life-long viremia.50,61,64 LDV strains are classified as neuropathogenic (strains C and v) or nonneuropathogenic (strains P and vx), and stocks of LDV contain a mixture of these strains or quaispecies.13,14,37 Infection with LDV interferes with the normal immune response, including elevation of plasma IgG,18,19,35,50,51 autoantibody production,10,50 immune complex formation,9,51,57 and enhancement or suppression of tumor development.7,28,38 Despite these alterations in immune function, most mice infected with LDV remain asymptomatic. However, mouse strains that are homozygous for the Fv1n allele, such as AKR and C58, are prone to the development of LDV-induced poliomyelitis when immunosuppressed.37,42 The Fv1 is one of multiple genes that restricts replication of endogenous murine leukemia virus (MuLV), and mice with 2 copies of the Fv1n allele are permissive to infection with N-tropic ecotropic MuLV.41 Through an unknown mechanism, this expression of MuLV renders spinal cord anterior horn neurons susceptible to cytolytic infection with LDV.16,45-47 The resultant disease, commonly known as age-dependent poliomyelitis, has been studied as a model for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.8,58 Experiments in mice using this model have demonstrated that both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells play an essential role in the protection against paralysis in susceptible strains.4,5,40 ICR-SCID mice have significantly decreased numbers of circulating T cells, although previous studies involving LDV infection in SCID mice have not reported the development of poliomyelitis.6,26,27,32,49 Indeed, this condition has previously been reported only in C58, AKR, C3H/Fg, and PL/J mice.12,16,17,41,47,49 Despite the fact that LDV is a common contaminant of transplantable tumors, the occurrence of clinical signs of poliomyelitis after inadvertent exposure to LDV has not been described in recent literature and has not been described in ICR or SCID mice. Here we report the occurrence of poliomyelitis in ICR-SCID mice resulting from injection of LDV-contaminated basement membrane matrix.
Proteins of herpes virus type 2 IV. Leukocyte inhibition responses to type common antigen(s) in cervix cancer and recurrent herpetic infections.

Seventy percent of patients with preinvasive and invasive cervix cancer, and 100% of patients with active herpetic lesions of the cervix or the face documented by virus isolation, respond to a soluble antigen with type-common herpesvirus specificity designated AG-e, in leukocyte inhibitory factor (LIF) assay. In contrast to the high frequency of positive LIF responses to AG-e seen in cervix cancer patients, reactivity to this antigen is seen in only 13% of matched control women without cancer and in 16% of patients with neoplasms at sites other than the cervix. The longitudinal study of patients with HSV infections at the time at which they experience active lesions and at intervals thereafter, as well as the temporal study of HSV-2 infected guinea pigs, indicate that AG-e induced LIF is a transient “antigen-driven” phenomenon apparently mediated by T-lymphocytes.