cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The use of argon beam coagulation to control hemorrhage: a case report and review of the technology.

rior mandible: A possible diagnostic challenge. J Endod 27:304, 2001 4. Neville BW, Damm DD, Bouquot JE: Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. Philadelphia, PA, Saunders, 1995 5. Reuter J: An unusual case of Stafne bone cavity with extraosseous course of the mandibular neurovascular bundle. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 27:189, 1998 6. Tominaga K, Kuga Y, Kubota K, et al: Stafne’s bone cavity in the anterior mandible: Report of a case. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 19:28, 1990 7. Courten A, Roger K, Samson J, et al: Anterior lingual mandibular salivary gland defect (Stafne defect) presenting as a residual cyst. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 94:460, 2002 8. Wolf J, Mattila K, Ankkuriniemi O: Development of a Stafne mandibular bone cavity: Report of a case. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 61:519, 1986 9. Correll RW, Jensen JL, Rhyne RR, et al: Lingual cortical mandibular defects: A radiographic incidence study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 50:287, 1980 10. Gorab GN, Brahney C, Aria AA, et al: Unusual presentation of a Stafne bone cyst. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 61:213, 1986 11. Boyle CA, Horner K, Coulthard P, et al: Multiple Stafne bone cavities: A diagnostic dilemma. Dent Update 27:494, 2000 12. Hansson L: Development of a lingual mandibular cavity in a 11-year-old boy. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 49:376, 1980 13. Campos PSF, Panella J, Ferreira JL, et al: Cavidade ossea de Stafne: Relato de casos. Rev Pos Grad 7:274, 2000 14. Wescott WB, Correl RW: Asymptomatic radiolucent area near the angle of the mandible. J Am Dent Assoc 104:670, 1982 15. Ariji E, Fujiwara N, Tabata O, et al: Stafne’s bone cavity: Classification based on outline and content determined by computed tomography. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 76:375, 1993
A MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF LEAD AND COPPER EFFECTS ON DIATOMA TENUE VAR. ELONGATUM (BACILLARIOPHYTA)1

Polyphosphate bodies containing lead were induced in laboratory cultures of Diatoma tenue var. elongatum Lyngb. by the addition of phosphorus and 0.05 ..mu..g-atoms/l Pb to P deficient medium. Morphometric analysis of cells exposed to Pb showed a significant decrease in number of mitochondria with a concomitant increase in their volume and an increase in membranous organelles in the vacuole compared to phoshorus starved and phosphorus sufficient controls. Exposure of cultures to 0.08 ..mu..g-atoms/l copper resulted in reduction of the number of polyphosphate bodies formed during luxury uptake but no other significant morphological changes in cellular organelles. Ecological implications of the interactions between nutrients and low level trace metal contamination are discussed.
INDOOR AIR POLLUTION: AN EDIFICE COMPLEX*

AbstractThe collision of escalating technological sophistication and surging environmental awareness has caused the reexamination of many societal paradigms. Horror stories about lethal chemical exposures involving isolated cases of ignorance, carelessness or greed have caused the public to demand constant vigilance to prevent exposure to potentially hazardous substances. Accordingly, much time and resource has been expended by the U.S. government and citizens to abate and prevent air and water pollution. While these efforts have met with measurable success, there is increasing public concern about a new generation of pollution-related human illness in office, home and transportation environments. New instances of Sick Building Syndrome or Building Related Illness are reported daily by the popular press. Human health effects such as cancer, infectious disease, allergy and irritation have been ascribed to indoor air pollution. The clinical aspects of indoor air pollution are often discounted by consulting ...
The Challenge to Change: On Realizing the New Paradigm for Engineering Education

The new paradigm for engineering education goes beyond the need to keep students at the cutting edge of technology and calls for a better balance in the various areas of engineering school scholarship. There is considerable concern that perpetuation of the old paradigm by engineering schools will all but assure minor roles for engineers in the future as well as difficulty in adapting to the exigencies of the fast-paced global marketplace. However, the transition from the old to the new paradigm will not be easy since many of our research-intensive universities are faced with financial pressures while the wherewithal to make the change rests mostly with those who oppose the change in the first place. This situation, coupled with the fact that there is no “one-size-fits-all” transition paradigm, represents the challenge to change. Still, a number of engineering schools have made significant changes and have developed innovative approaches in their undergraduate programs. Taken together, the proven methodologies and knowledge gained should make it possible for most engineering schools to devise revitalization programs that fit the context of their institution, its student body, faculty, and objectives. This paper argues for a study to assess the impact of the tools and methodologies developed by pace-setting engineering schools and the NSF Engineering Education Coalitions to lay the foundation for future reform initiatives.
Putting NAFTA to Work in the Foreign Language Classroom.

: In our scramble to incorporate state-of-the-art technology in all classrooms, we overlook product labels, which are useful, authentic cultural artifacts. Package labeling has changed since the the adoption of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA): Post-NAFTA bilingual or trilingual labels meet the cognitive and affective needs of novice to intermediate learners as they explore new facets of North American culture. Such labels provide informal exposure to the second language, as well as comprehensible linguistic and cultural input. This article describes their use in content-enriched instruction (CEI) in Spanish classes.
Polyarginines Are Potent Furin Inhibitors

The ubiquitous serine endoprotease furin has been implicated in the activation of bacterial toxins and viral glycoproteins as well as in the metastatic progression of certain tumors. Although high molecular mass bioengineered serpin inhibitors have been well characterized, no small nontoxic nanomolar inhibitors have been reported to date. Here we describe the identification of such inhibitors using positional scanning amidated and acetylated synthetic l- and d-hexapeptide combinatorial libraries. The results indicated that l-Arg or l-Lys in all positions generated the most potent inhibitors. However, further investigation revealed that the peptide terminating groups hindered inhibition. Consequently, a series of non-amidated and acetylated polyarginines was synthesized. The most potent inhibitor identified, nona-l-arginine, had a K(i) for furin of 40 nm. The K(i) values for the related convertases PACE4 and prohormone convertase-1 (PC1) were 110 nm and 2.5 microm, respectively. Although nona-l-arginine was cleaved by furin, the major products after a 6-h incubation at 37 degrees C were hexa- and hepta-l-arginines, both of which retained the great majority of their potency and specificity against furin. Hexa-d-arginine was as potent and specific a furin inhibitor as hexa-l-arginine (K(i) values of hexa-d-arginine: 106 nm, 580 nm, and 13.2 microm for furin, PACE4, and PC1, respectively). PC2 was not inhibited by any polyarginine tested; indeed, PC2 showed an increase in activity of up to 140% of the control in the presence of l-polyarginines. Data are also presented that show extended subsite recognition by furin and PC2. Whereas N-terminal acetylation was found to reduce the inhibitory potency of the l-hexapeptide LLRVKR against furin 8-fold, C-terminal amidation reduced the potency < 2-fold. Conversely, N-terminal acetylation increased the potency against PC2 nearly 3-fold, whereas C-terminal amidation of the same peptide increased the potency by a factor of 1.6. Our data indicate that non-acetylated, poly-d-arginine-derived molecules may represent excellent lead compounds for the development of therapeutically useful furin inhibitors.
Engaging College Students On A Community Engagement With High School Students With Disabilities

Community engagement is a common course in college curricula of computer science and information systems. In this study, the authors analyze the benefits of digital storytelling, in a course engaging college students with high school students with disabilities. The authors discover that a project of storytelling progressively enables high engagement of the students, in importance, performance, and satisfaction. The authors also discover that the project enables progressively high impact in the advocacy of these students for individuals with disabilities, in self-efficacy and sociality. The study will benefit instructors in any discipline evaluating digital storytelling technology as a service-learning tool.
Friendship on the Margins: Jewish Social Relations in Imperial Germany

Historians who look at the stark contrast between the spectacular successes of Jews in late nineteenth-century Germany and their horrific end in the Holocaust only a few decades later continue to argue about the relative success or failure of Jewish integration into German society. Were Germany's 600, 000 Jews — only 1 percent of the population — fully integrated or not? Did they have non-Jewish friends or not? Were they accepted or were they strangers in their own land?
Charles Evans Hughes and the Emergence of the Dawes Plan

While the Wilson Administration had witnessed the gradual emergence of the French Rhine-Saar-Ruhr policy from the Armistice to the eve of the occupation of Duisburg, Dusseldorf, and Ruhrort in March, 1921, it remained for the ensuing Harding and Coolidge governments to face up to the critical challenge of the occupation of 1923 and its serious ceonomic and political implications. It was Secretary of State Charles Evans Hughes, described by a leading authority in American diplomatic history as “one of the ablest men who ever held that office,” who was called upon to assume the major role in steering American policy during this discouraging period.1 An overview of United States policy relative to the Ruhr and adjacent areas from March, 1921, to the acceptance ofthe Dawes Plan in 1924 is the objective of this chapter.
Hematologic Effects of Ethanol Consumption in Trauma Patients

OBJECTIVE:To determine the effects of ethanol (EtOH) ingestion by trauma patients on the hematologic system as evidenced by coagulation abnormalities and transfusion requirements.DESIGN:Retrospective chart review. The injury severity score (ISS) was determined for each patient. Patients were grouped according to presence of EtOH (+EtOH) and absence of EtOH (-EtOH) with further subdivision based on an ISS ≤8 or ≥9.SETTING:University medical center.PATIENTS:All adult trauma patients admitted during a one-month period.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The volume of resuscitation fluids (including blood products) administered, laboratory parameters indicative of bleeding, and length of stay.RESULTS:Of 104 evaluable patients, 38 had measurable EtOH concentrations, 46 had undetectable EtOH concentrations, and the remaining 20 patients had not been tested. Although isolated, statistically significant differences were found among groups for some of the outcome measures, there were no clinically important differences.CONCLUSI...
The Role of Blood Pool Contrast Media in the Study of Tumor Pathophysiology

Characterizing the biological properties of individual tumors has become a major goal for non-invasive imaging. With growing enthusiasm, the use of serial MRI to monitor the pharmacokinetics of paramagnetic contrast media is being explored to functionally characterize tumors, particularly tumor vascularity. Analysis and kinetic modeling of the dynamic tumor enhancement response after contrast medium administration is being applied to generate quantitative estimates of microvascular characteristics, particularly the fractional blood volume and the microvascular permeability of tumor vessels. Understandably, it is commonly hoped by many MR imagers that the currently available and widely used gadolinium-based contrast media, all belonging in the class of small molecular contrast media (SMCM <1000 Daltons) will be satisfactory for characterization of microvessels with dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging. But it should be emphasized that endothelial permeability to solutes of substantially different size cannot be equated. Unfortunately, SMCM are too small to optimally exploit the well-recognized hyperpermeability of neoplastic microvessels; such hyperpermeability, with rare exception, has been consistently demonstrated in relation to larger macromolecular solutes. Smaller solutes in the size range of commercially available gadolinium chelates are known to diffuse across vascular endothelium in both normal and neoplastic tissues; a notable exception being the blood–brain barrier. Thus, the differentiation of normal from neoplastic tissue by the MRI assay of tissue SMCM leakage is problematic. A macromolecular contrast media (MMCM) is favored to probe and quantitatively estimate by MRI the elevated macromolecular permeability of tumor microvessels. Another obstacle to quantitative MRI tumor characterization pursued with SMCM is the highly variable and unpredictable vascular extraction fraction, both in normal and in neoplastic tumor tissues. MMCM are also referred to as blood pool contrast media (BPCM). While BPCM/MMCM are now being clinically developed and positioned for governmental approval, prototype MMCM are being applied with considerable success in a host of experimental tumor models. The pre-clinical results show strongly positive and signifi cant correlations between MMCMassayed tumor vascular permeability and tumor blood volume with pathologic tumor grade, tumor angiogenesis as assayed by the histologic microvascular density, and with tumor response to multiple forms of anti-angiogenesis therapy. In groups of tumors characterized both by SMCM and MMCMenhanced MRI, the correlations between MRI assays and histopathologic endpoints are consistently superior using the macromolecular-enhanced imaging.
Abstract 25: Neutrophil Akt2 Regulates Heterotypic Cell-Cell Interactions During Vascular Inflammation

Introduction: Interactions between platelets, leukocytes and endothelial cells are important during microvascular occlusion. Although the major receptors and counter receptors have been well identified, it remains unclear how heterotypic cell-cell interactions are regulated under inflammatory conditions. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that AKT, a Ser/Thr protein kinase, plays a regulatory role in platelet-neutrophil-endothelial cell interactions during vascular inflammation. Methods and Results: Using real-time fluorescence intravital microscopy to evaluate mice lacking specific Akt isoform, we demonstrated that Akt2, but not Akt1 and Akt3, regulates neutrophil adhesion and crawling, and platelet-neutrophil interactions on the activated endothelium during TNF-α-induced cremaster venular inflammation. Further, using chimeric mice generated from bone marrow transplants on wild-type (WT) and Akt2 knockout (KO) mice, we found that hematopoietic cell-associated AKT2 is important for the regulatory effect in vivo. Studies with an AKT2-specific inhibitor and cells isolated from WT and Akt KO mice revealed that platelet- and neutrophil-associated AKT2 regulates heterotypic neutrophil-platelet aggregation under conditions of shear. In particular, neutrophil AKT2 was critical for intracellular calcium mobilization, β2-talin1 interaction, and membrane translocation of αMβ2 integrin - a crucial receptor for neutrophil-platelet interactions. We observed that the basal phosphorylation levels of AKT isoforms are markedly increased in neutrophils and platelets from patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), an inherited hematological disorder associated with vascular inflammation and occlusion. AKT2 inhibition significantly reduced heterotypic aggregation of neutrophils and platelets isolated from SCD patients and diminished neutrophil adhesion and neutrophil-platelet aggregation in venules of Berkeley (SCD) mice, thereby improving blood flow rates. Conclusion: Our results provide genetic and pharmacologic evidence that neutrophil AKT2 regulates αMβ2 integrin function and is important for neutrophil recruitment and neutrophil-platelet interactions under thrombo-inflammatory conditions such as SCD.
InGaAs Quantum-Well MOSFET Arrays for Nanometer-Scale Ohmic Contact Characterization

We demonstrate InGaAs quantum-well (QW) MOSFET arrays with Mo contact lengths between 40 and 800 nm fabricated by a self-aligned process. A gate pitch of 150 nm is realized, which is the smallest at present for any type of InGaAs FET structure. Fabricated gated MOSFET arrays and gate-less arrays are used to study the properties of nanoscale ohmic contacts in InGaAs MOSFETs with different contact lengths. A three-layer resistive-network model is developed to analyze the contact electrical characteristics. From this paper, we extract a contact resistivity from Mo to n+ InGaAs of 8 $\times 10^{\mathrm {-9}}~\Omega \cdot {\mathrm{ cm}}^{2}$ , and from n+ InGaAs to the QW channel of $2\times 10^{\mathrm {-8}}~\Omega \cdot \text {cm}^{2}$ . When benchmarked with other ohmic contact technologies for n-type InGaAs MOSFETs, our refractory metal contact approach represents the lowest film resistivity and is among the lowest contact resistivity that has been demonstrated. The contact model developed here infers a contact resistance from the Mo contact to the channel of 260 $\Omega \cdot \mu \text{m}$ for a contact length of $L_{c}=10$ nm. This suggests that further research on low-resistance ohmic contacts is required before InGaAs MOSFETs can deliver the required performance.
Biological markers of stress in pregnancy: associations with chronic placental inflammation at delivery.

Objective To estimate the association between biomarkers of chronic stress during pregnancy and chronic placental inflammation. Study Design African-American and Caucasian pregnant women were recruited between May 2008 and July 2009. Blood samples were collected between 14 and 226/7 weeks and between 28 and 326/7 weeks of gestation. Samples were analyzed for serum C-reactive protein (CRP), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antibody, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Placentas were collected at delivery and evaluated for chronic inflammation. Results Placentas were available from 88 of the 112 women enrolled in the study. EBV antibody levels were significantly higher during both the second and third trimester in women whose placentas demonstrated chronic villitis. CRP values also were significantly higher during the third trimester when chronic villitis was present. No association between placental chronic inflammation and CRH or ACTH was found. Conclusion Chronic placental inflammation is associated with elevated serum EBV antibody and CRP levels during pregnancy.
The Metabolism of Certain Rapidly Growing Human Tubercle Bacilli in a Modified Uschinsky Medium. Studies in Acid-Fast Bacteria. III

In the previous articles the recession of ammonia was observed in old cultures of avirulent, rapidly growing cultures of tubercle bacilli. The cause of this recession was unknown, but probably it is not attributable to small amounts of lipoids or fats. The present study was made to determine the incidence of this reaction in media of very simple composition. The experiments of Proskauer and Beck,1 which have since been repeated by many observers,2 have shown that the human tubercle bacillus can grow in media of relatively simple composition. These media would seem to offer advantages for the study of the recession of ammonia which we have observed. This advantage lies in the fact that it is possible to provide, as a source of nitrogen, a chemical compound the composition of which is definitely known. For the purpose of this investigation, a medium was made consisting of 4 gmin. of asparagin, 2 gmin. of di-sodium hydrogen phosphate, and 5 gmin. of NaCl to the liter of distilled water, as a basis. This medium was divided into three parts: to one of which was added 1 percent of dextrose; to a second, 1 percent of mannite, and to a third, 3 percent of glycerin, as additional sources of carbon. They were then sterilized under parallel conditions, in 100 c.c. amounts. All of the utensils, which were used in the preparation of these media, were thoroughly freed from all organic matter. It will be seen that the source of nitrogen in this medium is asparagin. The source of carbon is selective, the organisms having a choice of the carbon from the asparagin or from dextrose, mannite, or glycerin, respectively. An attempt was made to grow the organisms in the asparagin solution without any additional source of carbon, but this was unsuccessful.
Parasites Reared from Puparia of the Frit Fly, Oscinella frit , in Virginia

Seven species of parasites were recovered from the puparia of Oscinella frit (L.) over a three-year period at Blacksburg, Virginia. They were: Spalangia drosophilae Ashmead (Pteromalidae), Hexacola hexatoma (Hartig) (Cynipidae), Bubekia fallax Gahan (Pteromalidae), Trichomalus statutus (Foerster) (pteromalidae), Callitula bicolor (Spinola) (Pteromalidae), Halticoptera aenea (Walker) (Pteromalidae), and Horismenus texanus (Girault) (Eulophidae). H. hexatoma and T. statutus were new North American records: O. frit was apparently a new host record for B. fallax and H. texanus . The parasitism rate was generally low in each of the three generations of O. frit . Either the parasites were not strongly oriented to the frit fly, or they were not well adapted to its environment, as none of the parasites were collected during each year of the study
Online Frequency Response Analysis: A Powerful Plug-in Tool for Compensation Design and Health Assessment of Digitally Controlled Power Converters

This paper presents a cycle efficient software frequency response analyzer (SFRA), which is integrated into the firmware of the digitally controller power converter to measure the frequency response of the plant and the open-loop gain of the closed-loop system. The algorithm uses the readily available measurements taken for the power stage control and does not require additional hardware. This enables periodic measurement of the frequency response which can be used to monitor changes in the power converter. The proposed technique can run on a conventional microcontroller without any host intervention, and adds no cost to the system, which is important for the cost-sensitive power converters. Both floating point and fixed point implementation are compared enabling widespread applicability of the technique. In order to validate the efficacy of the analyzer, a synchronous buck power converter is designed and its control transfer function is compared with the measured online frequency response. An algorithm is outlined to fit the measured SFRA data to a pole–zero format through intelligent cost function estimation. The correlation of zeros and poles identified using this method with the modeled plant transfer function is analyzed. A dual core approach is discussed to run SFRA on a high-switching-frequency converter, thus showing applicability of the technique in high-switching-frequency converters.
Study and Surveillance on Hygienic Condition of Aquatic Products in Guangzhou in 2006

Objective To monitor and analyze aquatic products in order to realize hygienic condition of aquatic products in Guangzhou city.Method 229 samples of aquatic products including shrimp,crab,fish,and shell were stochastically collected from 2 supermarkets,10 fairs and 31 restaurants in Guangzhou city from March to November in 2006.Hygienics evaluation was made,based on the results of testing items including antibiotics,heavy metal,formaldehyde,clonorchis sinensis,vibrio parahaemolyticus,et al.Results The over-standard rates of residual contents of terramycin and acheomycin were higher.The total qualified rates of terramycin and acheomycin in 96 samples were 57.3% and 80.2%,respectively,and only 35.0% of crustacean(shrimp crab) samples reached the normal level of terramycin.Chloramphenocol that was forbidden as veterinary drug in China was detected in one fresh crustacean sample.The qualified rates of antibiotics residue in March and April were more than those in September and October.Formaldehyde in 69.5% of 59 samples was up to the national standards,and the highest value of formaldehydes reached 852 mg/kg,far beyond the upper limit of standards.11.5% clonorchis sinensis and 22.5% vibrio parahaemolyticus were detected in fresh aquatic products.Conclusion The high residue of antibiotics in aquatic products directly related to the misusing of antibiotics during high-incidence season for aquatic diseases.The results also revealed that formaldehyde was abusively used in aquatic products,especially in waterishlogged aquatic products.The detection rates of clonorchis sinensis and vibrio parahaemolyticus were much higher,so it was indicated there was high risk to eat raw or underdone fish and shrimp.For health and safety of consumers,the hygienic inspection and guidance throughout the processes of breeding,sales and consumption of aquatic products shoved be enhanced.
Metastatic melanoma: Pathologic characterization, current treatment, and complications of therapy

Metastatic melanoma (MM) has the potential to involve virtually any anatomical site, and it also has a wide spectrum of histological appearances. General clinicopathologic data pertaining to MM are presented in this review, together with a discussion of its differential diagnosis and therapy. "Biological" agents used in the treatment of melanoma are considered, along with the pathological features of the complications that they may cause.
Implications of Circadian Rhythm Regulation by microRNAs in Colorectal Cancer

Aim: To establish a connection between microRNA (miRNAs), circadian rhythm, and colorectal cancer patient survival. Methods: Genomic and clinical data were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) colorectal cancer database, and the expression levels of candidate miRNAs and a set of circadian rhythm-related genes (Per1, Per2, Per3, Bmal1), and genes associated with chemosensitivity (thymidylate synthase, dihydrofolate reductase) were assessed for any correlations among their expression. In addition, survival analyses specific to different colorectal cancer stages were performed to determine if these genes contribute to patient outcomes. Results: Significant inverse correlation between the expression of Per1 and that of miR-192 and miR-194 was observed. In survival analyses, high miR-192 and miR-194 correlate with better overall survival in Stage II patients, but worse survival in more advanced Stage III/IV patients. The expression of Per1, but Per2 or Bmal1, is marginally associated with patient survival for Stage II patients. Low thymidylate synthase expression correlates with better overall survival in Stage II patients but worse survival in Stage III/IV patients. Conclusion: This study establishes a foundation based on a large genomic database of colorectal cancer, for further investigation into the importance of regulatory mechanisms of circadian rhythm by miRNAs in colorectal cancer.
IgD Amyloidosis: An Unrecognized Entity

Abstract 5079 Introduction: IgD monoclonal proteins are rare. They are not seen as a MGUS and are present in 1% to 2% of patients with myeloma. In light chain amyloidosis (AL), IgD monoclonal proteins are rare. When an IgD protein is found, amyloidosis is often omitted from the differential diagnosis. An IgD protein in amyloidosis has been reported in single cases but never as a patient series. We report IgD AL in 53. Patients & Methods: Clinical and demographic data for patients were retrieved from the patient records. Factors of interest were compared between patients who did and did not have an IgD protein. Results: Among 3,955 patients with AL amyloidosis seen, 53 patients (1.3%) had a serum IgD monoclonal protein. (Table 1) A serum monoclonal protein peak was visible on SPE in only 14, and only 5 had an M spike greater than 1 g/dL. On immunofixation of the serum, the IgD light chain was k in 11, λ in 35, and uncertain in 6; 1 patient had a biclonal D λ and G k protein. A urine monoclonal protein was detected in 43 of 51 patients; urinary immunofixation detected a λ light chain in 33 and a k light chain in 10. Biopsy of tissues showed amyloid deposits in the bone marrow in 47% and in the fat aspirate in 73%. Six patients (age 47–63 years) underwent autologous SCT. Four had renal & two had cardiac AL. All 6 had hematologic PR, 4 CR, and 4 had organ response. One patient had relapse of disease and is now on dialysis, and another had relapse and is alive with salvage chemotherapy. One patient had disease relapse and died of progressive GI amyloidosis at 22 months. The other 5 are alive at a median of 68 months (range, 7.5–83.5 months). We compared the 53 patients with IgD amyloidosis with 144 patients with non-IgD amyloidosis. (Table 2) Findings that were significantly different between groups included a lower frequency of renal amyloidosis (P=.005) and a lower prevalence of cardiac amyloidosis (P=.047). There was a higher serum albumin level (P=.04) related to the lower level of proteinuria. No difference in survival was seen between the groups. (Figure). Variables that might affect survival—liver size, performance status, septal thickness, serum creatinine level, and β2-microglobulin level—were not different between groups. Conclusions: IgD AL patients have a lower frequency of renal involvement and possibly also of cardiac involvement. The overall survival of these patients does not appear to be different from that of patients who have AL associated with another monoclonal protein. IgD monoclonal proteins are so closely linked to the diagnosis of multiple myeloma in the mind of a clinician that the possibility of amyloidosis may be overlooked. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Transitioning Diagnostic Molecular Pathology to the Genomic Era: Cancer Somatic Mutation Panel Testing

The ongoing discovery and validation of cancer molecular biomarkers, as well as their use in the design of targeted therapies, is shifting oncology from tissue- and disease-based treatments to molecular target-based protocols. Conventional methods of cancer genotyping (e.g., cytogenetics, FISH, PCR) are often insufficient for efficiently capturing the molecular complexity of the cancer genome, while next-generation sequencing (NGS), which promises to revolutionize the field, still needs several more years of maturation before it is ready for generalized clinical use. To bridge this divide between traditional assays and the coming NGS era, relatively simple multiplexed diagnostic assays have been developed that use existing molecular techniques to provide high-content molecular information in an efficient and cost-effective manner. One example of such an approach is SNaPshot, a robust and highly sensitive tumor genotyping technique whose only major instrumentation requirement is a capillary electrophoresis-automated DNA sequencer. In this chapter, we will use this assay as an example of current methods for high-throughput clinical genotyping during the transition of diagnostic molecular pathology to the genomic era.
Proteomics and genomics in neuroimmunological disorders

Proteomic and genomic technologies, particularly when combined as functional genomics, are promising experimental approaches to creating expression profiles of proteins and their connection to disease specific changes, starting with transcription and ending at the level of posttranslational modifications. It seems that molecular mechanisms underlying many neurodegenerative disorders may have common features. In a short amount of time, proteomics underwent unprecedented development from its early stages of collecting high numbers of protein identifications in a single experiment. Quantitative mass spectrometry of proteins is now a standard approach in all laboratories. However, analytical techniques based on principles of liquid chromatography are dominating and advancing the field. Further technological developments such as single cell analysis, will further facilitate a more precise view of changes occurring in proteomes resulting from alterations in biological systems. Another big step will be to go beyond slowing down or stopping neurodegenerative processes, and push the immune system to repair damage and promote regeneration. To what extent this is possible and how soon it can be accomplished remains an open question. It is certain, however, that understanding functions of complex biological systems, such as duality of neurotoxic/neurothrophic function of mononuclear phagocytes in the brain during inflammation, will require coordinated monitoring of a large number of parameters simultaneously and well-designed proteomic, genomic, and neuro-imaging experiments.
The Case for and against Televised Political Advertising: Implications for Research and Public Policy

Presented here are the advantages and disadvantages of using the increasingly controversial tactic of televised political advertising. An agenda for needed research to shed light on this issue is p...
Microresonator-Based Scanning Comb Spectroscopy

We demonstrate mode-hop-free tuning of a modelocked silicon microresonator frequency comb over 60 GHz. Gas-phase spectroscopy of acetylene is performed with high-spectral-resolution (< 80 MHz) over a bandwidth of 40 THz.
Interplay of magnon and electron currents in magnetic heterostructure

In magnetic materials, both electrons and magnons are capable of carrying angular momentum currents. An external electric field can efficiently drive a charge and spin current of electrons, but it is unable to directly produce a chargeless magnon current. The generation of the magnon current is conventionally achieved via thermal gradients or the electron spin injection from interfaces. Here, we investigate the magnon current induced by the momentum and angular momentum transfer from conduction electrons in magnetic layered systems. By using the generic exchange interaction between electrons and magnons, we derive the coupled diffusion equations for electron spins and magnons and we find (a) the ratio between the magnon current and the electric charge current is substantial at room temperature for conventional conducting ferromagnets, (b) the spin diffusion length of electrons is significantly modified by the presence of the nonequilibrium magnon density, and (c) the giant magnetoresistance of the magnetic multilayers for the current perpendicular to the plane of layers is reduced compared to the prior theory without taking into account the magnon current.
Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation in Orthostatic Hypotension and Multiple-System Atrophy: A Report on 7 Cases

Abstract Background Multiple-system atrophy is a neurologic disorder characterized by orthostatic hypotension, Parkinsonian signs, and cerebellar signs. Mutations in COQ2, an enzyme involved in coenzyme Q10 synthesis, were recently associated with familial and sporadic cases of multiple-system atrophy. I hypothesized that people with orthostatic hypotension with or without other symptoms of multiple-system atrophy might benefit from oral coenzyme Q10 administration. Methods Seven patients with symptomatic orthostatic hypotension were treated in an unrandomized manner with 257 ± 37 mg coenzyme Q10 daily for 10 ± 3 months. Results Before starting coenzyme Q10, patients' systolic blood pressure fell 30 ± 4 mm Hg upon standing from a sitting position. After treatment with coenzyme Q10, their systolic blood pressure decreased 7 ± 5 mm Hg upon standing from a sitting position ( P = .007 for change in systolic blood pressure decrease by paired t test). Conclusions These data suggest that orthostatic hypotension could improve with coenzyme Q10 administration and that a randomized clinical trial to test this hypothesis should be begun.
Concentration of Ultrafine Particles near Roadways in an Urban Area in Chicago, Illinois

Monitoring ambient concentrations of ultrafine particles (UFPs) is important due to their negative impact on human health. This paper provides measurements of UFP concentrations near roadways because emissions from light duty vehicles (LDVs) and heavy duty vehicles (HDVs) have been shown to be a major source of UFPs. The concentration of UFPs was measured near two different roadways in Chicago IL for 2 to 4 hours on 52 days between 2014 and 2016. One of the sites was restricted to LDVs (Lake Shore Drive, LSD) and had a near roadway concentration from vehicles (background subtracted) that averaged nearly 8,000 particles cm–3. The other site had a mix of LDVs and HDVs (Dan Ryan Expressway, DRE) and the near roadway concentration from the vehicle fleet (background subtracted) averaged nearly 11,000 particles cm–3. The contribution of UFPs from HDVs was almost 80% of the total emissions on the DRE demonstrating that HDVs emit many more UFPs than LDVs. Background concentrations of UFP were measured upwind of the near roadway sampling sites and were subtracted from the near roadway measurements in order to determine the vehicle contribution to the total UFP concentration. The background concentrations varied with wind direction and therefore were divided into ambient background categories based on wind direction. The four different background categories are defined as remote, lake, industrial and urban. Each category has a distinct different average ambient background concentration (particles cm–3) as follows: remote, 2,700; lake, 6,000; industrial 12,000 and urban 11,000. The large background concentrations in urban areas indicate that total near roadway measurements are generally near 20,000 particles cm–3 with 50 to 60% from vehicles and reach to 60,000 particles cm–3 depending on the background and traffic emission. The results indicate high UFP readings near roadway and one possible solution is mitigation of traffic congestion.
Life-History Traits and Population Structure of Pederson Cleaner Shrimps Ancylomenes pedersoni

Cleaner organisms perform key functional roles in reducing rates of parasitism in marine communities. Pederson cleaner shrimps Ancylomenes pedersoni are major cleaners of reef fishes in the tropical western Atlantic and form obligate symbioses with host sea anemones. Information about their life-history traits would contribute to understanding how symbiosis impacts life-history evolution in crustaceans, but little is known about patterns of growth and reproduction in this anemone shrimp. We quantified growth, sexual reproduction, senescence, and mortality in individuals of A. pedersoni under laboratory conditions and their abundance and population size structure on coral reefs in St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands. Von Bertalanffy growth curves were fitted to the data to determine age-size relationships, and the Beverton-Holt model was used to estimate mortality rates and size at maximum yield. Individuals grew rapidly when young, then slowed their growth after reaching sexual maturity at ~6 months. Individuals were gonochoric, with males attaining significantly smaller body sizes and shorter life spans than did females. Prior to death at <2 years, members of both genders exhibited senescence during which they ceased reproducing, shrank (females only), and decreased their activity levels over ~1-4 weeks. Field populations were abundant and composed mostly of juveniles during both years examined. Populations appeared to be stable but highly dynamic in terms of individuals, reaching maximum yield at 4 months of age. We conclude that obligate symbiosis with large sea anemones and cleaner mutualism with reef fishes both contribute to explaining aspects of the life history of Pederson shrimps, especially their apparent mating system of pure-search polygynandry. This life-history information also provides a scientific basis for sustainable fishery management and aquaculture of this key coral reef organism.
Cardiometabolic risk factors in treatment-seeking youth versus population youth with obesity.

Background Although obesity affects approximately one in five youths, only a fraction is treated in pediatric weight management clinics. Characteristics distinguishing youth with obesity who seek weight management treatment from those who do not are largely unknown. Yet identification of specific health characteristics which differentiate treatment-seeking from non-treatment seeking youth with obesity may shed light on underlying motivations for pursuing treatment. Objectives Compare the cardiometabolic profiles of an obesity treatment-seeking sample of youth to a population-based sample of youth with obesity, while controlling for body mass index (BMI). Methods This cross-sectional study included participants, ages 12-17 years, with obesity from the Pediatric Obesity and Weight Evaluation Registry (POWER) and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, representing the treatment-seeking and population samples, respectively. Mean differences were calculated for systolic and diastolic blood pressure percentiles, total cholesterol, low-density and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin and alanine aminotransferase, while adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, insurance status, and multiple of the 95th BMI percentile. Results The POWER and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cohorts included 1,823 and 617 participants, respectively. The POWER cohort had higher systolic blood pressure percentile (mean difference 17.4, 95% confidence interval [14.6, 20.1], p < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure percentile (21.8 [19, 24.5], p < 0.001), triglycerides (42.3 [28, 56.5], p < 0.001) and alanine aminotransferase (7.5 [5.1, 9.8], p < 0.001) and lower fasting glucose (-6.9 [-8.2, -5.6], p < 0.001) and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (-2.3 [-3.8, -0.9], p < 0.002). There were no differences in total cholesterol or low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol or clinical differences in glycated hemoglobin. Conclusion For a given BMI, obesity treatment-seeking youth are more adversely affected by cardiometabolic risk factors than the general population of youth with obesity. This suggests that treatment-seeking youth may represent a distinct group that is at particularly high risk for the development of future cardiometabolic disease.
Expert feature-engineering vs. Deep neural networks: Which is better for sensor-free affect detection?

The past few years have seen a surge of interest in deep neural networks. The wide application of deep learning in other domains such as image classification has driven considerable recent interest and efforts in applying these methods in educational domains. However, there is still limited research comparing the predictive power of the deep learning approach with the traditional feature engineering approach for common student modeling problems such as sensor-free affect detection. This paper aims to address this gap by presenting a thorough comparison of several deep neural network approaches with a traditional feature engineering approach in the context of affect and behavior modeling. We built detectors of student affective states and behaviors as middle school students learned science in an open-ended learning environment called Betty’s Brain, using both approaches. Overall, we observed a tradeoff where the feature engineering models were better when considering a single optimized threshold (for intervention), whereas the deep learning models were better when taking model confidence fully into account (for discovery with models analyses).
Comparison of a multipoint identity-by-descent method with parametric multipoint linkage analysis for mapping quantitative traits.

Abstract We previously developed a method of partitioning genetic variance of a quantitative trait to loci in specific chromosomal regions. In this paper, we compare this method--multipoint IBD (identical by descent) method (MIM)--with parametric multipoint linkage analysis (MLINK). A simulation study was performed comparing the methods for the major-locus, mixed, and two-locus models. The criterion for comparisons between MIM and MLINK was the average lod score from multiple replicates of simulated data sets. The effect of gene frequency, dominance, model misspecification, marker spacing, and informativeness are also considered in a smaller set of simulations. Within the context of the models examined, the MIM approach was found to be comparable in power with parametric multipoint linkage analysis when (a) parental data are unknown, (b) the effect of the major locus is small and there is additional genetic variation, or (c) the parameters of the major-locus model are misspecified. The performance of the MIM method relative to MLINK was markedly lower when the allele frequency at the trait locus was .2 versus .5, particularly for the case when parental data were assumed to be known. Dominance at the trait major locus, as well as marker spacing and heterozygosity, did not appear to have a large effect on the ELOD comparisons.
A Phenomenological Approach to Thermal and Visual Sensor Fusion

A new computer vision technique is developed which is based on analyzing different modalities of imaging, simultaneously. Such an approach is termed multisensory computer vision. This talk will describe a system which integrates information from thermal (infra-red) imagery and visual imagery to classify objects in outdoor scenes. Integration is synergistic in that it makes available new information, in this case — estimates of surface heat fluxes, which cannot be obtained by processing thermal and visual imagery separately. The approach establishes a quantitative measure of the imaged object’s relative ability to sink or source heat radiation, and a way of categorizing the object based on this property. Information integration is implemented at different levels of abstraction in the interpretation hierarchy i.e., at the pixel and at the symbolic levels. Heuristic rules are employed in a decision tree classifier to categorize imaged objects as being either vegetation, building, pavement or a vehicle.
Software enabled pseudo-random pattern generator

The goal of this research paper is to investigate the viability and advantages of using a software controlled RS-232 and RS-485 pattern generator versus a stored version of a pseudo-random test pattern for effective telecommunication test impairment measurements sets (TIMS). Previous developments of the digital virtual test impairment measurement sets (DVTIMS) required an additional circuit board to be built using transistor-to-transistor logic (TTL). It also required using the digital input/output (DIO) pins to generate the patterns within the communication standards (RS-232; RS-485). This setup is needed and commonly used by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) technicians. This investigation is carried out by capturing the hexadecimal format of each pseudo-random pattern available on modern test sets in the hexadecimal format by using a software program developed. This requires sending those captured patterns over the onboard RS-232 port to a Fireberd 6000A, and then analyzing the data to see if the two would communicate. If successful communication is established between the two devices, it would eliminate the need in the future to have any additional circuit boards in the newer versions of the DVTIMS. This would save the FAA money and time-to-market, reduce size and weight, and give expandability to future adaptations of serial communication (USB and RJ-45 connections). The proposed methods have commercial potential applications that offer affordable, portable, and highly effective test equipment to take over the day-to-day maintenance tasks that their technicians are performing to ensure the quality of their services.
Toward Convective-Scale Prediction within the Next Generation Global Prediction System

AbstractThe Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) has developed a new variable-resolution global model with the ability to represent convective-scale features that serves as a prototype of t...