cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Treatment of a patient with B cell lymphoma by I-131 LYM-1 monoclonal antibodies.

A patient with Richter's syndrome, a malignant lymphomatous transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, had become moribund with rapidly enlarging masses, granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia ...
Sniffing Out Opportunities at PetSmart (TN)

The pet and pet supply industry was one of the few bright lights in an otherwise dismal retail outlook in 2009. This case gives background pet retail industry information and strategic positioning information for both PetSmart and PETCO to enable students to develop their own Balanced Scorecards and strategy maps for the two companies.
RBC-/Cr-51/ half-life and albumin turnover in growing Beagle dogs during chronic radial acceleration

The effects of chronic centrifugation on growing Beagle dogs exposed to -2 or -2.6 Gx on albumin and RBC turnover rates, albumin concentration and space, and total blood volume were determined and compared with caged and run control of animals. Albumin-(I-125) and autologous RBC-(Cr-51) preparations were injected into all dogs at day 82 of the centrifugation periods, and the disappearance curves were determined by successive bleedings of the animals over the next 35 d, during which the centrifugation was continued. There were no differences in albumin turnover rates or space. Two populations of RBCs were found in both centrifugated groups, one with a normal half-life of 27 + or - 1 S.E.M. d, and one with a significantly (p less than 0.01) shorter half-life of 15 + or - 2 S.E.M. d. An absolute polycythemia was also observed in both centrifuged groups. The results suggest that chronic centrifugation acts through some as-yet unknown mechanism to affect RBC population kinetics.
The Proteolytic Conversion of Polynucleotide Phosphorylase to a Primer-dependent Form

Polynucleotide phosphorylase from Micrococcus luteus (formerly Micrococcus lysodeikticus) can be converted from a primer-independent form (Form-I) to a primer-dependent form (Form-T) by limited proteolysis with trypsin. The conversion of Form-I to Form-T is accompanied by the breaking of between five and six peptide bonds per molecule of enzyme, and results in the removal of a small portion of the peptide chain of each subunit. The two enzymes have molecular weights of 2.6 × 105 and 2.2 × 105, respectively, and both are composed of four subunits. Restoration of primer independence to Form-T is obtained by treatment of Form-T with sulfhydryl reagents. After thiol treatment, one or two enzyme sulfhydryl groups become titratable.
Retinal optogenetic therapies: clinical criteria for candidacy

Severe blinding retinal degenerative diseases have been without treatments that could improve vision until recently. Gene therapy has been in clinical trials for certain inherited retinopathies in which photoreceptors are retained despite severe visual loss. Optogenetics is being discussed for retinal diseases in which there is severe visual loss and nearly complete photoreceptor cell death. As a retinal therapy, optogenetics would be the genetic targeting of light-sensing molecules to residual cells in a degenerate retina. Parallel with scientific advances in optogenetics should be the development of detailed criteria for patient candidacy. Here, molecularly defined retinal degenerations are used to exemplify how some diseases or stages of disease would satisfy the criteria. Measurements are made of the thickness of ganglion cell and the nerve fiber layers of the retina. Whereas the clinical category of retinitis pigmentosa has been most often mentioned for treatment by optogenetics, an argument is made for expanding the target diseases to some early-onset disorders diagnosed as Leber congenital amaurosis.
Alcohol Abuse by Older Family Members

SUMMARY The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) describes alcohol related problems with older adults as “underestimated, underidentified, underdiagnosed, and undertreated” (SAMHSA, 2004, p. 1) and describes the phenomenon as an “invisible epidemic” (SAMHSA, 2004, p. 1). The purpose of this review is to address the prevalence and consequences of alcohol abuse in the older adult population by emphasizing the heterogeneity of factors contributing to, and providing a context for, the understanding of alcohol abuse in aging families. Issues surrounding the sensitivity and specificity of assessment of older adult alcohol abusers are covered. Strategies for intervention at both an individual and family level are also included. Although much of the literature available on older adult alcohol use and misuse addresses the consequences, assessment, and intervention from an individualized perspective, this review concludes that a family-oriented approach to intervention may best serve t...
Work Patterns Following a Birth in Urban and Rural China: A Longitudinal Study

Two waves of data (1989 and 1991) from theChina Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) areused to investigate the short-term impact of abirth on women's work patterns. Defining workbroadly in terms of involvement inincome-earning activities in general, birthshave little impact. Defining work in terms ofwage employment, births have a significantalthough modest negative effect. Substituting amore fully elaborated typology of work patternsthat distinguishes different combinations ofwage work, work in household businesses, andagricultural fieldwork makes it possible tolook at shifts within as well as betweencategories of wage and non-wage employment.These shifts turn out to be important,especially in rural areas where such workpredominates. In this study, the effect of abirth depends on how work is conceptualized andmeasured. Some of the contextual variability inthe strength of the fertility-work relationshipreported in the literature may be due to theparticular measures of work that have beenused, which better reflect the time demands,intensity, flexibility, and location of work inurban industrialized settings than in rural,less industrialized ones.
Identity Formation of American Indian Adolescents: Local, National, and Global Considerations.

A conceptual model is presented that approaches identity formation of American Indian adolescents according to 3 levels of social contextual influence—local, national, and global—relative to types of identity, dynamics of identity, and sources of influence. Ethnic identity of American Indians is embedded within the local cultural milieu and encompasses an array of dimensions organized around identification, connection, and culture/spirituality. The national or societal level brings additional complexities according to bicultural, multicultural, and hybrid types of identity. There is little known about the global implications of identity formation for American Indian adolescents, but a review of the construct of indigenous identity provides some guidance along with examination of identity formation of indigenous youth in other parts of the world. Suggestions for research are provided throughout the paper, and theoretical implications for the broader topic of American Indian identity formation are provided with particular discussion of indigenous psychologies.
Isolation and properties of acyl carrier protein phosphodiesterase of Escherichia coli.

Abstract The acyl carrier protein (ACP) phosphodiesterase of Escherichia coli catalyzes the hydrolytic cleavage of the 4'-phosphopantetheine residue from ACP, with the generation of apo-ACP (P. R. Vagelos and A. R. Larrabee, J. Biol. Chem. 242:1776-1781, 1967). Although it has been postulated to play a role in the regulation of fatty acid synthesis, presently available evidence makes this unlikely, and its physiological function requires further investigation. We have now purified the enzyme from E. coli more than 3,000-fold and have identified it as a protein of Mr 25,000, as judged from its migration during electrophoresis in gels containing sodium dodecyl sulfate. The enzyme has remarkable thermostability, being protected against irreversible inactivation at 90 degrees C by the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. A partial sequence of the amino terminus of the enzyme is as follows: H2N-Ser-Lys-Val-Leu-Val-Leu-Lys-Ser-?-Ile-Leu-Ala-Gly-Tyr-Ser-. Other properties of the enzyme are also described.
On the Education of the Senses: Synaesthetic Perception from the ‘Democratic Art’ of Chromolithography to Modernism

This paper explores the emergence of art education in the USA in the late nineteenth century. Focusing on the issue of colour perception, it traces the aesthetic tropes shared between discussions of educating students' colour sensibilities and the concurrent clinical and literary experiments with synaesthesia. It then makes the case that early twentieth-century works of ‘visual music’ often combine the notion of synaesthesia with a pedagogical impulse to uplift the senses of the viewer. The paper thus follows two parallel trends in the nineteenth century (art education and experiments with synaesthesia) that converge in the twentieth century. This multi-threaded history is crucial for understanding the ways in which the sensual effects of colour were theorized and promoted in popular and modernist media – from the cinema to abstract painting – at the turn of the last century.
Flagellar transcriptional activators FlbB and FlaI: gene sequences and 5' consensus sequences of operons under FlbB and FlaI control.

Abstract The regulation of the expression of the operons in the flagella-chemotaxis regulon in Escherichia coli has been shown to be a highly ordered cascade which closely parallels the assembly of the flagellar structure and the chemotaxis machinery (T. Iino, Annu. Rev. Genet. 11:161-182, 1977; Y. Komeda, J. Bacteriol. 168: 1315-1318). The master operon, flbB, has been sequenced, and one of its gene products (FlaI) has been identified. On the basis of the deduced amino acid sequence, the FlbB protein has similarity to an alternate sigma factor which is responsible for expression of flagella in Bacillus subtilis. In addition, we have sequenced the 5' regions of a number of flagellar operons and compared these sequences with the 5' region of flagellar operons directly and indirectly under FlbB and FlaI control. We found both a consensus sequence which has been shown to be in all other flagellar operons (J. D. Helmann and M. J. Chamberlin, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:6422-6424) and a derivative consensus sequence, which is found only in the 5' region of operons directly under FlbB and FlaI control.
Protein-RNA networks revealed through covalent RNA marks

Protein-RNA networks are ubiquitous and central in biological control. We present an approach termed RNA Tagging that enables the user to identify protein-RNA interactions in vivo by analyzing purified cellular RNA, without protein purification or cross-linking. An RNA-binding protein of interest is fused to an enzyme that adds uridines to the end of RNA. RNA targets bound by the chimeric protein in vivo are covalently marked with uridines and subsequently identified from extracted RNA via high-throughput sequencing. We used this approach to identify hundreds of RNAs bound by a Saccharomyces cerevisiae PUF protein, Puf3p. The results showed that although RNA-binding proteins productively bind specific RNAs to control their function, they also 'sample' RNAs without exerting a regulatory effect. We used the method to uncover hundreds of new and likely regulated targets for a protein without canonical RNA-binding domains, Bfr1p. RNA Tagging is well suited to detect and analyze protein-RNA networks in vivo.
Regulatory Benefit-Risk Assessment and Comparative Effectiveness Research

Over the past 5 years, we have witnessed growing interest in both comparative effectiveness research (CER) and regulatory benefit-risk assessment (BRA). Both deal with benefits and harms, although at different stages of the product lifecycle. There are growing pressures for a more systematic and quantitative approach to regulatory BRA. However, there is also a need for CER–beyond the evidence that can reasonably be generated during prelaunch product development. Important regulatory and policy questions include the following: What would be a level playing field across disease areas and companies? Who should bear the costs of these studies? What role can benefit-risk modelling play? What is the value of research and how is it related to the prevalence of disease? What is the relationship between uncertainty and the value of evidence? We need to recognize the lifecycle nature of evidence generation, moving from the regulatory setting to the real world and affecting potentially hundreds of thousands, or even millions, of patients worldwide. We need to emphasize not only the public goods nature of information embedded in innovations, but also that it is global. Finally, we need to more systematically explore the benefits and costs of gathering further information–the value of research–recognizing that doing this requires a model or methodology, which we have, for systematically appraising our current state of knowledge and what could be gained from further research. All said, it would seem that BRA and CER should be neither strangers nor strange bedfellows, but may need to be coaxed into being bedfellows.
Markov Equilibria of Stochastic Games with Complementarities

Abstract The existence of Markov equilibria for stochastic games with a continuum of states is a complex issue for which no general result holds as yet. In this article, the problem is solved for a class of stochastic games that satisfy assumptions of complementarity and monotonicity. The proof of existence relies on results from lattice programming. In the Markov equilibria singled out by the Theorem of Existence, the policies and continuation values are increasing and Lipschitz continuous functions of the state variable. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: C62, C73.
Correlation in the 2snd Rydberg series of F VI

The single-configuration, Hartree-Fock-term energy separations of the 2snd /sup 1/D and /sup 3/D Rydberg states in berylliumlike fluorine agree remarkably well with the observed separations. It is shown that, in the /sup 1/D series, interaction with 2p/sup 2/ raises the energy of the 2snd levels whereas the remaining interactions lower the levels. The combined effect is such that the /sup 1/D-/sup 3/D separation remains essentially unchanged when correlation effects are added.
The amorphization of ceramics by ion beams

The influence of the implantation parameters fluence, substrate temperature, and chemical species on the formation of amorphous phases in Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ and ..cap alpha..-SiC was studied. At 300/sup 0/K, fluences in excess of 10/sup 17/ ions.cm/sup -2/ were generally required to amorphize Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/; however, implantation of zirconium formed the amorphous phase at a fluence of 4 x 10/sup 16/ Zr.cm/sup -2/. At 77/sup 0/K, the threshold fluence was lowered to about 2 x 10/sup 15/ Cr.cm/sup -2/. Single crystals of ..cap alpha..-SiC were amorphized at 300/sup 0/K by a fluence of 2 x 10/sup 14/ Cr.cm/sup -2/ or 1 x 10/sup 15/ N.cm/sup -2/. Implantation at 1023/sup 0/K did not produce the amorphous phase in SiC. The micro-indentation hardness of the amorphous material was about 60% of that of the crystalline counterpart.
Florid basal cell hyperplasia of the prostate: a histological, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical analysis

Basal cell proliferation is a common finding in a benign hyperplastic prostate gland. Occasionally, basal cell hyperplasia is so florid that it can be mistaken for prostatic adenocarcinoma. We characterized histological, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical features of florid basal cell hyperplasia from transurethral resections (n = 11) and prostatectomy specimens (n = 4). Fifteen cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma were used as comparison. Intraluminal calcification was present in 40% of florid basal cell hyperplasia cases (6 of 15) and a unique finding of intracytoplasmic hyaline globules was detected in 53.3% of florid basal cell hyperplasia cases (8 of 15). Ultrastructural analysis revealed luminal calcification and intracytoplasmic electron-dense globules in foci of basal cell hyperplasia. Crystalloids, a frequent finding in low-grade prostate cancer, were absent in all 15 cases of florid basal cell hyperplasia. By immunohistochemistry, the basal cell-specific 34betaE12 and p63 as well as glutathione-s-transferase pi were positive in all basal cell hyperplasia cases but negative in all prostatic adenocarcinomas. These distinguishing features of florid basal cell hyperplasia are helpful in differential diagnosis from prostatic adenocarcinoma. Cytokeratins 8 and 18 were both positive in basal cells, benign secretory cells, and carcinoma cells, failing to be of discrimatory value. Immunostaining for alpha-methylacyl-coenzyme racemase, a new prostate cancer marker, was negative in hyperplastic basal cells but detected a distinct minor benign cell population in basal cell hyperplasia of possible neuroendocrine origin.
The unique Jordan-Hahn decomposition property

We show that a finite orthomodular poset with a strong section Δ of states (probability measures) is distributive if and only if Δ has the unique Jordan-Hahn decomposition property(UJHDP). That this result does not extend to infinite orthomodular posets is shown by the projection lattices of von Neumann algebras without direct summand of typeI2, for which the set of completely additive states is strong and has theUJHDP. There also exist nondistributive σ-classes for which the set of countably additive states has theUJHDP.
A Special Case of Dynamic Pricing Policy

This article studies the implications of experience curves and brand loyalty for optimal dynamic pricing policy. In a continuous time model, we synthesize several results from the literature on open loop equilibria. Specifically, we show that prices should decrease over time for high discount rates and steeper exogenous declines in variable costs. Conversely, the prices should increase over time if experience curves affect fixed costs and if consumers are brand loyal.
An unusual class II molecule

H-2O is a recently described non-polymorphic mouse MHC class II molecule. Here, Lars Karlsson and colleagues describe the discovery of the H-2Ob and H-2Oa loci and the pattern of expression of H-2O, and speculate on the possible function of this unusual molecule.
Batch loading in metadata creation: a case study

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe a workflow of automated batch‐loading metadata from existing text to a database.Design/methodology/approach – It introduces a case for the experience of metadata creation at Rutgers University Libraries in a collaborative digital project with the Hoboken Public Library in New Jersey.Findings – It is found that a well‐designed workflow is crucial to the success of metadata batch loading. It is also found that the metadata manager needs to collaborate with people of different roles and work carefully with data reorganization and transfer.Practical implications – Metadata creation and management are an integrated component of any digital project. One's experience in metadata batch loading has practical significance that may be incorporated into the practice of other metadata projects. The workflow introduced in this paper will provide a valuable example for librarians and information professionals to consider or redesign their own digital efforts.Originality...
TEPCO-BCU for on-line dynamic security assessments of large-scale power systems

The current direction of development for fast transient stability assessment is to combine a reliable direct method and a fast time-domain method into an integrated methodology to take advantage of the merit of both methods. TEPCO-BCU is developed under this direction by integrating BCU method, BCU classifiers, and BCU-guide time domain method. Current version of TEPCO-BCU is able to perform exact stability assessment and accurate energy margin computation of each contingency of large-scale power systems. Exact stability assessment is meant to classify stable contingencies as stable and unstable contingencies as unstable while accurate energy margin computation is meant to give accurate critical clearing time of each contingency of large-scale power systems. To bypass the difficulty of checking the one-parameter transversality condition of BCU method, the concept of the boundary property has been proposed and a group-based BCU method has been developed. This paper has described on-line transient stability assessment results of TEPCO-BCU program on a 12,000-bus power system data. Feasibility study of applying Parallel TEPCO-BCU to on-line transient stability evaluation in terms of speed and accuracy of stability assessment has been conducted. It has been found that the wall clock time needed to process 3,000 contingencies on the 12,000-bus system is 29.5 minutes, 15.5 minutes and 3.1 minutes respectively on a 1-node, 2-node and 10-node configurations. Given a credible list of contingencies, TEPCO-BCU system can fast screen out critical contingencies. This capability in conjunction with some relevant functions can lead to several practical applications. These relevant functions include the energy function method, the controlling UEP coordinates and their sensitivities with respect to parameters or control actions. (14 pages)
Differential susceptibility of subterranean termite castes to entomopathogenic nematodes

Abstract We examined the attachment and infectivity of two entomopathogenic nematode species, Steinernema carpocapsae and Heterorhabditis indica, on soldiers and workers in two subterranean termite species, Coptotermes formosanus and C. vastator. In attachment tests with S. carpocapsae, more nematodes attached to soldiers of C. formosanus and C. vastator in the absence of workers compared to soldiers that were in the presence of workers. In tests with soldiers alone, workers alone, and mixture of equal numbers of workers and soldiers, soldiers in the mixed groups had lower mortality than soldiers alone after 1 and 4 days for both termite species. Exposure of small groups of either termite species to S. carpocapsae resulted in higher mortality of soldiers after 1 and 4 days post exposure. Mortality in soldiers alone exposed to H. indica was not significant compared to mortality in mixed groups at 1 day exposure, but was significant after 4 days. In concentration–mortality tests, a significant two-way inter...
Resection followed by radiosurgery for advanced juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: report of two cases.

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Experience with the management of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma DNA) by gamma knife radiosurgery is limited. We report control of the disease in two patients with advanced-stage JNA treated with primary resection followed by gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery of residual disease. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: An 18-year-old man presented with chronic sinusitis, worsening headaches, diplopia, and left-sided facial numbness. A second patient, a 19-year-old man, presented with recurrent epistaxis and nasal congestion. Magnetic resonance imaging findings and endoscopic evaluation in each patient were consistent with advanced-stage JNA. INTERVENTION: One patient underwent craniofacial resection with approximately 3.0 cm3 of residual tumor in the region of the cavernous sinus. The other patient underwent preoperative embolization followed by a lateral rhinotomy for tumor resection with approximately 4.7 cm 3 of residual tumor in the right infratemporal fossa. In an attempt to limit radiation to surrounding normal brain, residual tumor in both patients was treated with gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery. Control of disease was documented by magnetic resonance imaging more than 24 months after treatment. CONCLUSION: Short-term control of late-stage JNA was achieved by use of a strategy of primary surgical resection followed by gamma knife radiosurgery of residual tumor in two patients. Establishing the effectiveness and safety of this strategy over conventional methods of managing advanced JNA will require future prospective studies.
A simple and accurate method of determining the spatial and angular profiles of beams from high energy accelerators

Abstract The technique and advantages of using nuclear emulsions to obtain beam profiles are discussed.
Robust policymaking in the face of sudden stops

Abstract This paper considers tax policies to deal with Sudden Stops – declines in aggregate activity that are magnified by a binding collateral constraint – that occasionally occur in emerging market economies. Households and/or the government are assumed to face model uncertainty and desire robustness against alternative models. Welfare gains from optimal taxation are small if the government trusts its model of household expectations, whether those expectations are altered by model uncertainty or not; in contrast, welfare losses are large if the government is uncertain about the household's probability model.
Mentoring Strategies To Recruit and Advance Women in Science and Engineering

Supporting faculty with professional development resources at all career stages is vital to the success of faculty members, their students, and academic institutions. In science and engineering fields where women are underrepresented, practices that promote career advancement, such as formal and informal mentoring programs, can be effective in both increasing the visibility and numbers of senior women and also encouraging female students to pursue technical majors and careers. A symposium at the March 2010 National Meeting of the American Chemical Society will feature an array of successful mechanisms for enhancing the leadership, visibility, and recognition of women faculty members using various mentoring strategies.
The Terminal Weather Information for Pilots (TWIP) program

A new technique is presented for improving pilot situational awareness of terminal weather hazards. The approach employed is to utilize new FAA terminal weather sensors and existing text-oriented data link capabilities found in most air carrier aircraft. Two types of messages are generated: a text message and a character graphics map. The Terminal Weather Information for Pilots (TWER) service has been demonstrated at several active airports with a number of airlines over the past three years. Two operational concepts were tested, one in which the pilots have to request TWIP messages and the other in which TWIP messages are sent to the cockpit automatically. Questionnaires were provided to the participating airline pilots in order to assess their reaction to the demonstration TWIP service. Message traffic was analyzed to determine whether pilots were using the service and if the use increased during periods of weather impact. TWIP messages and Surface Observations (SAOs) were compared for cases of significant airport weather impact. It was found that pilots responded favorably to the TWIP concept and made use of the demonstration service. It was also found that the TWIP messages provide more timely and accurate situational awareness of terminal weather hazards than the SAOs.
Energy‐dependent ionization states of shock‐accelerated particles in the solar corona

We examine the range of possible energy dependence of the ionization states of ions that are shock-accelerated from the ambient plasma of the solar corona. If acceleration begins in a region of moderate density, sufficiently low in the corona, ions above about 0.1 MeV/amu approach an equilibrium charge state that depends primarily upon their speed and only weakly on the plasma temperature. We suggest that the large variations of the charge states with energy for ions such as Si and Fe observed in the 1997 November 6 event are consistent with stripping in moderately dense coronal. plasma during shock acceleration. In the large solar-particle events studied previously, acceleration occurs sufficiently high in the corona that even Fe ions up to 600 MeV/amu are not stripped of electrons.
On the dimension of objects and categories I. Monoids

The Yoneda definition of Ext” (A, C) in terms of exact sequences of length n from C to A [Z4], [Z5], enables one to define the homological dimension of a nonzero object A (h.d. A) in an arbitrary Abelian category fl as the largest integer n (or co) for which the one variable functor Ext” (A, ) is not zero. (We set h.d. 0 = -1). The global dimension of Of! (gl.dim. 02) is then defined as the sup of the homological dimensions of all of its objects. Given a small category L7 and an Abelian category GZ, one can ask for the global dimension of the category 6P of covariant functors from 17 to GZ in terms of the global dimension of CL If l7 has only a finite number of objects, each such result specializes in the case where a is a category of modules to a statement about the global dimension of some ring [9, p. 1471. In this paper we shall obtain complete results (up to a mild assumption on the existence of products in O!) for the following cases:
TCT-723 What Should The Default Vascular Access And Closure Strategy Be For Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement?

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) success is hampered by a relatively high rate of vascular complications, which correlates with mortality. A trend from surgical access to percutaneous has led to a decrease in the reported complication rate, but it is still considered a valid access
Rat liver 4-hydroxy-2-ketoglutarate aldolase: Purification and kinetic characterization☆

The enzyme 4-hydroxy-2-ketoglutarate aldolase (4HKG aldolase), which catalyzes the reversible cleavage of 4-hydroxy-2-ketoglutarate to form pyruvate and glyoxylate, was isolated from rat liver. The purification scheme as well as a study of several of the physical and kinetic properties of the enzyme are presented. The effects of anions, various buffers, and possible physiologically relevant effectors on the kinetic parameters of the aldolase were also investigated. It was found that pyruvate analogs inhibited the aldolase. Oxaloacetate was a competitive inhibitor of the aldolase, and in addition caused synergistic inhibition with respect to pyruvate analogs at low substrate concentration. These results are discussed in terms of possible regulation of the aldolase.
Determinants of Atrazine Contamination in the Homes of Commercial Pesticide Applicators Across Time

Twenty-nine commercial pesticide applicator households in eastern Iowa were enrolled to investigate in-home contamination of atrazine, the most commonly used corn herbicide in the Unites States. From each home, four vacuum dust samples were collected during atrazine application season (Visit 1) and again 6 months later during winter months (Visit 2). Samples were taken from the following locations: primary entryway for pesticide applicator, living room, master bedroom, and kitchen. The applicator completed an atrazine handling log and household questionnaire with spouse. Of the 230 dust samples, only 2 were below the level of detection, 2 ng of atrazine per gram (ng/g) of fine dust (dust particle size 5–150 μm). Dust levels were standardized to chemical loading. During application season the entryway (2.68 ng/cm2) and kitchen (0.47 ng/cm2) had the highest geometric mean atrazine chemical loading. The entryway chemical loading during Visit 2 was the second highest aggregate (0.55 ng/cm2). Aggregate concent...
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum with severe cardiovascular disease in a child.

A 13-year-old girl was hospitalized for a second episode of acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Acute inferior wall myocardial and diffuse subendocardial infarction was diagnosed on the fifth hospital day. Clinical and pathological evaluation established a diagnosis of pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) with characteristic dermatological, ophthalmological, gastrointestinal, and peripheral vascular involvement. Recovery from the myocardial infarction was uneventful despite the development of severe systemic hypertension. Although PXE is a relatively uncommon disease and often seemingly benign, it may be responsible for acute catastrophic events such as gastrointestinal hemorrhage, myocardial infarction, and sudden death in the young.
Optical intensity fluctuations in re-entry object observations

k T v Z bT be A Nomenclature = projected area of source, m = log-amplitude variance of radiation (dimensionless) = second radiation constant, K jum = atmospheric index-of-refraction structure constant, cm~ = altitude, km altitude of tropopause, km = intensity of radiation at wavelengths, \\ and X2, respectively, W/sr ^m wavevector of radiation, cm" = color temperature of soiirce, K = integration variable, km = length of viewing path, km = color temperature fluctuation amplitude, K = emissivity area fluctuation amplitude, m e = emissivity of source (dimensionless) a = integration variable, cm" or/, a/ = variances of intensity of radiation at wavelengths, \i and X2, respectively, W/sr pm
Single-Mode Optical Fibre Ring Resonator With Nonlinear Coupling

J. ChrostowskiNational Research Council, Division of Electrical Engineering, Montreal Road, M -50,Ottawa, Ontario K1A ORB, CanadaAbstractThe analysis of a nonlinear, single -mode fibre ring resonator is presented. Thetransmission characteristics of this device features steady and self -pulsing states,leading to chaos.Nonlinear optical elements are becoming more important as research on optical computingand optical data processing intensifies. One important nonlinear optical device is thenonlinear optical waveguide coupler. This device is capable of all -optical switching1 -2and optical pulse compressions-4.A nonlinear optical waveguide coupler is shown schematically in Figure 1. The twowaveguides are placed close enough together to allow evanescent wave coupling between them.The waveguides and /or the surrounding material are assumed to possess a Kerr -type non-linear refractive index.Experimentally, nonlinear waveguide couplershave been fabricated using an integratedoptics approach5 -6, or by placing a nonlinearlayer between the two halves of a polished
Flow injection amperometric detection of catechol using dual-band poly(3-methylthiophene) electrodes

Abstract This work reports the electrochemical detection of catechol (10 −4 to 10 −6 M) in the presence of ascorbic acid (10 −4 to 10 −6 M) using dual-band poly(3-methylthiophene) (P3MT) electrode flow-injection amperometry without prior separation. The selectivity involved in this method is based on the differences in electrochemical behavior of catechol and ascorbic acid. A variety of dual-band Pt, Au, glassy carbon, and P3MT electrodes were constructed and used as the electrochemical detector. The upstream electrode of the series dual-band electrode unit is used for detection of catechol and ascorbic acid and the downstream electrode for detection of the oxidized catechol. The band dimensions range from 0.1×2.5 to 1×5.5 mm with the interelectrode gaps varying from 0.1 to 0.5 mm. Although this method is effective for dilute solutions of catechol ( −5 M) in the presence of ascorbic acid ( −5 M) under both neutral and acidic conditions, it is not efficient for more concentrated mixtures (>10 −5 M) unless the measurements are made under acidic conditions such as at pH 1.6. A negative deviation from the ideal calibration curve of the oxidized catechol reduction is found in the more concentrated mixtures (>10 −5 M) at physiological pH 7.4. Charge–dipole interaction and hydrogen bonding between the oxidized products of catechol and ascorbic acid in the concentrated neutral solutions are proposed to explain the suppression of the current signals. Variation of the flow rates from 0.5 to 3.0 ml/min has no effect on the performance of the detector. The dual-band P3MT electrode has less positive oxidation potentials for catechol and ascorbic acid oxidation compared to the bare Pt, Au, and glassy carbon electrodes because of the catalytic activity of the P3MT electrode surface. Dual-band P3MT as well as glassy carbon electrodes have the best (highest) collection efficiency for catechol detection. The collection efficiency also remains constant when the interelectrode gaps vary from 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
Conservation Biology and real-world conservation.

Abstract: In the 20 years since Conservation Biology was launched with the aim of disseminating scientific knowledge to help conserve biodiversity and the natural world, our discipline has hugely influenced the practice of conservation. But we have had less impact outside the profession itself, and we have not transformed that practice into an enterprise large enough to achieve our conservation goals. As we look to the next 20 years, we need to become more relevant and important to the societies in which we live. To do so, the discipline of conservation biology must generate answers even when full scientific knowledge is lacking, structure scientific research around polices and debates that influence what we value as conservationists, go beyond the certitude of the biological sciences into the more contextual debates of the social sciences, engage scientifically with human-dominated landscapes, and address the question of how conservation can contribute to the improvement of human livelihoods and the quality of human life.
Haloperidol blocks the uptake of [18F]N-methylspiroperidol by extrastriatal dopamine receptors in schizophrenic patients.

We had previously demonstrated extrastriatal uptake of [18F]N-methyl-spiroperidol (18F-NMS) in the human brain. This study evaluates the effect of haloperidol on 18F-NMS binding in extrastriatal brain regions. Six schizophrenic patients on haloperidol underwent two PET scans with 18F-NMS at 12 h and at 6 days after haloperidol withdrawal. There was a significant increase in 18F-NMS uptake in striatal, thalamic, and temporal regions but not in frontal, occipital, or cerebellar regions, following drug withdrawal. Haloperidol's ability to block the uptake of 18F-NMS is an indication of the specificity of the radioligand's binding in these regions and supports the postmortem data demonstrating the presence of dopamine D2 receptors in the thalamus and temporal cortex of the human brain. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Identification of locally synthesized proteins in proximal stump axons of the neurotomized hypoglossal nerve.

Abstract Analysis of radioactively labeled proteins was carried out on microsamples of myelin-free axons isolated from neurotomixed and normal hypoglossal nerves of the rabbit after in vitro incubation with [ 3 H]leucine. Major radioactive peaks in axonal endings of the proximal stump 18 h after neurotomy, identified by autoradiography of microelectrophoregrams, had apparent molecular weights of 52,000d, 41,000d and 18,000d. This autoradiographic pattern differed from that of axons of untransected nerve in: (1) not having a prominent 100,000d component present in the latter; and (2) having a novel 41,000d component not present in the latter. Labeling of axonal proteins in the proximal stump in vivo resulted in no apparent retrograde transport during the 5 h studied. Autoradiographic analysis of labeled proteins released by nerves into the medium during in vitro incubation revealed a major radioactive peak with an apparent molecular weight of 77,000d. Attempts to demonstrate uptake of the 77,000d component by unlabeled axons in vitro and in vivo were unsuccessful. The hypothesis was advanced that the 52,000d protein may be neurofilament protein, and the possible significance of the 41,000d component was discussed in the contexts of the pathology of the traumatized proximal stump, and of the antecedent events leading to axonal outgrowth.
Molecular recognition in the HIV-1 capsid/cyclophilin A complex.

The HIV-1 capsid protein (CA) makes an essential interaction with the human peptidyl prolyl isomerase, cyclophilin A (CypA), that results in packaging of CypA into the virion at a CA to CypA stoichiometry of ∼10:1. The 231 amino acid residue capsid protein is composed of an amino-terminal CypA binding domain (1 to ∼151; CA151) and a carboxyl-terminal dimerization domain (∼151 to 231). We find that CypA binds dimeric CA and monomeric CA151 with identical intrinsic affinities (Kd=16(±4) μM). This result demonstrates that capsid dimerization and cyclophilin A binding are not thermodynamically coupled and suggests that the substoichiometric ratio of CypA in the HIV-1 virion results from the intrinsic stability of the CA/CypA complex. In the known co-crystal structure of the CA151/CypA complex, CypA binding is mediated exclusively by an exposed capsid loop that spans residues Pro85 to Pro93. The energetic contributions to CypA binding were quantified for each residue in this loop, and the results demonstrate that the Gly89-Pro90 dipeptide is the primary cyclophilin A recognition motif, with Pro85, Val86, His87, Ala88, and Pro93 also making energetically favorable contacts. These studies reveal that the active site of CypA, which can catalyze the isomerization of proline residues in vitro, also functions as a sequence-specific, protein-binding motif in HIV-1 replication.
Modeling Viscoelastic Networks and Cell Deformation in the Context of the Immersed Boundary Method

We present a straightforward numerical technique for modeling passive viscoelastic networks, such as the actin cytoskeleton of ameboid cells, in the context of the immersed boundary method. The technique involves modeling the cytoskeletal material as a network of dynamic elastic links immersed in the ambient cytosol. Linking rules of varying complexity allow the numerical network to exhibit varying degrees of viscosity, elasticity, shear thinning, and thixotropy (stress-overshoot). A series of simulated viscometer tests are used to analyze the mechanical properties of the model networks and the effects of input parameters on these properties. The numerical network is then used in the context of a full-cell model involving simulated micropipette aspiration. These micropipette aspiration tests indicate that the immersed boundary method?with the added enhancement of the viscoelastic network model presented here?can be developed into a versatile tool for studying the free-boundary deformations of passively stressed and actively moving ameboid cells.
The Relationship Between the Growth Shape of Three-Dimensional Pb Islands on Cu(100) and the Domain Orientation of the Underlying c(5v2xv2)R45 Degree Structure

The authors use low energy electron microscopy to identify a correlation between the growth shape of three-dimensional Pb islands on Cu(100)and the domain structure of the underlying Pb overlayer. Deposition of 0.6 monolayer Pb on Cu(100) produces a compressed c(2x2) overlayer, designated c(5{radical}2x{radical}2)R45{degree}, with periodic rows of anti-phase boundaries. They found that heating the surface to temperatures above 100 C coarsens the orientational domains of this structure to sizes that are easily resolved in the low energy electron microscope. Three-dimensional Pb islands, grown on the coarsened domains, are found to be asymmetric with orientations that correlate with the domain structure. Once nucleated with a preferred growth orientation, islands continue to grow with the same preferred orientation, even across domain boundaries.
Aggressive behaviour of the eight-year-old nulliparous isolate female monkey ☆

Abstract The infant-directed and age-mate-directed behaviours of four 8-year-old feral females and four 8-year-old isolate females were observed when paired in confined quarters with infant and age-mate stimulus animals. Although the isolates redirected a smaller proportion of their hostility away from the infant than did the ferals, they were not abnormally aggressive toward the infants and were certainly much less hostile towards infants than were 4-year-old nulliparous female isolates described in previous studies. On the other hand, the isolate females of the present report directed much more physical aggression toward the age-mate stimulus animals than did the ferals. As the nulliparous isolate female matures, she apparently becomes less aggressive toward infants and, if anything, more aggressive toward age-mates.
Evaluation of Vehicle Bottom for the Placement of HF-VHF Antennas

The bottom side of a vehicle is assessed for mounting HF-VHF antenna systems in terms of omni-directionality, efficiency and propagation loss. Accurate and numerically efficient procedure for calculation of propagation loss associated with sources electrically close to real grounds is proposed and carefully validated. It is shown that even though bottom sources cannot compete with conventionally mounted antennas in terms of far field omni-directionality and efficiency, in the near field region propagation loss margins are comparable for distances shorter than 10 m and frequencies from 20 to 100 MHz. The result points to the frequency range where antennas can be concealed at the bottom side and still used for emerging short distance applications.
Common sense and adult theory of communication

analyst I may learn things about my beliefs by developing a theoretical model of myself. Yet again, cultural factors may strongly influence my conscious beliefs about myself. I may tell myself I am not biased against women because my culture informs me I ought not to be, while the arguments I make at, for example, a selection committee suggest to observers the pres­ ence of a strong bias in my underlying psychological state. My second methodological comment concerns terminology. I believe that statements such as that children "think" such and such, or "believe" such and such, should be made only with considerable caution. What do we mean, for example, when we say, as Gopnik does, "3-year-olds believe that cognitive states come in only two varieties"? The child can classify its states into two varieties, certainly, but "belief" that there are only two suggests a different order of cognitive skill. In the interests of clear thinking, it seems desirable in such circumstances to avoid using words like "belief."
Factors affecting the stability and accuracy of the bioassay for the sperm attractant sirenin.

Optimal response of the sperm of Allomyces from the highly male strain M16 to the chemotactic agent, sirenin, was shown to occur when the sperm suspension contained 2 mm piparazine-N′, N-bis[2-ethane sulfonic acid] buffer, 3 mm CaCl2, and chelated trace elements. For the male strain M3, the CaCl2 needed was 3.5 mm with the other two components the same as for M16. The inclusion in the sperm suspension of MgCl2, KH2PO4, or NH4Cl was without effect, except that under certain conditions phosphate was detrimental. The variability of 10 replicate assays was substantially reduced by using sperm in the bioassay at a concentration of 500,000 per ml rather than the former concentration of 100,000 per ml with a concomitant reduction in the concentration of sirenin above the membrane to which the sperm were attracted.
Development of a Creativity Scale for the Adjective Check List.

Creativity scales for the Adjective Check List (ACL) were developed and cross-validated. First, through the use of item analyses, separate creativity scales were developed for each of 4 sex by specialty field groups in an initial sample of adolescents. Each of these scales successfully discriminated creative and control Ss in the cross-validation sample. Subsequently, 2 general creativity scales were formed from the data of the initial sample by selecting only those adjectives which differentiated creative and control Ss across sex and specialty field. The 2 general scales, an 8-item scale and a 27-item scale, also proved successful in discriminating creative and control Ss in the cross-validation sample. In general, the use of the ACL creativity scales developed in this study proved more effective in differentiating creative and control Ss than did a select group of currently available ACL scales. A comparison of the validity of these new creativity scales indicated that the 27-item scale appears to be m...