cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Study on Load Control System for UHV Transmission Tower Test Base

Load control system is very important for UHV tower full-scale tests.The paper introduces primary functions and technological problems to be settled for load control system of UHV Transmission Tower Test Base.It also investigates load control system structure,hardware and software configuration,and main functions,summaries its major features.Application results show that capability of load control system can satisfy testing requirements of UHV tower tests excellently.
Analysis of the Environmental Problems and Countermeasures of Wansheng District

A series of eco-environmental problems was brief introduced about Wansheng District as a resource-based city.Some countermeasures and suggestions were put forward for these problems from industrial restructuring,urban transformation and mechanisms transformation by analyzing the cause of problems.
Effect of Radiation and Storage Condition on Vc Content in Food

The radiation of 60Co γ ray can accelerate the damaging of Vc and decreasing the content of Vc in food.The higher of the temperature of storage,the greater of the effect of the radiation to the content of Vc.The langther of the time of storage,the greater of the effect of the radiation to the content of Vc infood.The effect of the radiation on the content of some food Vc can't appear in the same day of radiation,but the radiation will affect the content of food Vc in future on temperature and time of storage.
Current status of blood pressure management in hypertensives with aortic dissection and hypertension

Objective To investigate the current status of blood pressure (BP) management and the factors which affect the antihypertensive efficacy in hypertensives conplicated with aortic dissection (AD) . Methods Consecutive patients diagnosed as hypertension with AD in Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute were recruited. Based on BP values at discharge , patients were divided into BP controlled group [ systolic blood pressure ( SBP ) 135mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 80mm Hg ] and uncontrolled group ( SBP≥135mm Hg and DBP≥80mm Hg ) . Clinical characteristics and antihypertensive regiments were retrospectively analyzed between the two groups. Results A total of 156eligible patients ( male 132 ) enrolled. Of which , 71.8%individuals achieved their target BP during hospitalization. Average age and sex distribution indicated no significant difference between controlled group(n=112) and uncontrolled groups (n=44) . In controlled group , the proportion of cases with Stanford type A AD was significantly lower than that in uncontrolled group ( 11.6% vs 27.3% , P=0.016 ) . And more patients in controlled group underwent surgical repair or endowascular graft exclusion ( 50.0%vs 31.8% , P=0.040 ) . The frequency and dosage of antihypertensive medication such as β-blockers , calcium antagonists , angiotensin converting enzemy inhibitor , angiotensin receptor blocker , diuretics andα-antgonists , displayed no statistic significance between the groups. However , in uncontrolled group , more classes of drugs were applied in combination than in controlled group ( 3.7±1.1vs 3.3±1.0 , P=0.04 ) . Conclusion Other than various anatomical and pathophysiological features of aortic disease , pertinent management strategies may contribute to the unsatisfactory control of blood pressure in patients who suffered from hypertension with aortic dissection.
Operative flow measurements and coronary bypass graft patency.

Early (one week) and late (one year) postoperative angiography was performed in 142 patients having 310 grafts (117 right coronary artery [RCA], 134 left anterior descending [LAD] and 59 circumflex coronary artery [CCA]) to assess the factors responsible for failure of aorta-coronary artery saphenous vein grafts. Early catheterization revealed an 85.5 per cent patency rate with similar rates for each artery (RCA 88 per cent, LAD 85 per cent, and CCA 81 per cent). At one year 238 grafts remained patent, for a cumulative patency rate of 76.8 per cent with a similar distribution for each vessel (RCA 75 per cent, LAD 78 per cent, and CCA 76 per cent). Intraoperative flow measurements were correlated with early and late patency. Grafts with a basal flow less than 20 ml. per minute have a 42 per cent early closure rate and a 21 per cent late closure rate (cumulative 63 per cent). A basal flow of less than 40 ml. per minute was associated with a 25 per cent early failure and an 11 per cent late failure rate (cumulative 36 per cent). Basal flow at levels greater than 40 ml. per minute was not associated with an increased probability of graft closure. Absence of reactive hyperemia (30 second graft occlusion) was associated with a 19 per cent probability of early closure and a 31 per cent probability of cumulative thrombosis. A papaverine-induced flow increase (15 mg. given into the graft) of less than 100 per cent over basal flow gave a 20 per cent probability of early failure and 30 per cent probability of cumulative closure. Thus intraoperative basal flow measurements are of predictive value in determining the fate of aorta-coronary artery vein bypass grafts, and vasodilatory maneuvers provide little additional information.
Optically Controlled Oscillators in an Engineered Bioelectric Tissue

Cells that are electrically active and that also produce light for easy voltage monitoring could lead to new studies of heart arrhythmias and possibly bio-computing.
EDA: Synergy or sum of the parts? [review of "Electronic Design Automation: Synthesis, Verification and Test (Systems on Silicon" (Wang, L.-T., Eds., et al; 2009)]

This is a review of Electronic Design Automation: Synthesis, Verification and Test (Systems on Silicon) by Laung-Terng Wang, Yao-Wen Chang, and Kwang-Ting (Tim) Cheng, eds.
David Marr: A Pioneer in Computational Neuroscience

David Man advocated and exemplified an approach to brain modeling that is based on computational sophistication together with a thorough knowledge of the biological facts. The pioneering papers in this collection demonstrate that a combination of computational analysis and biological constraints can lead to interesting neural algorithms. The recent developments in computational models of neural information processing systems is an extension of this seminal research: Man has influenced the latest generation of network models through both his models and his emphasis on the computational level of analysis (Man, 1975, 1982). Progress has been made by adopting an integrated approach in which constraints from all three of Man’s levels of analysis—the computational, algorithmic and the implementational—are applied at many different levels of investigation (Sejnowski and Churchland, 1989).
Big Data Mining and Adverse Event Pattern Analysis in Clinical Drug Trials.

Abstract Drug adverse events (AEs) are a major health threat to patients seeking medical treatment and a significant barrier in drug discovery and development. AEs are now required to be submitted during clinical trials and can be extracted from ClinicalTrials.gov (https://clinicaltrials.gov/), a database of clinical studies around the world. By extracting drug and AE information from ClinicalTrials.gov and structuring it into a database, drug-AEs could be established for future drug development and repositioning. To our knowledge, current AE databases contain mainly U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs. However, our database contains both FDA-approved and experimental compounds extracted from ClinicalTrials.gov. Our database contains 8,161 clinical trials of 3,102,675 patients and 713,103 reported AEs. We extracted the information from ClinicalTrials.gov using a set of python scripts, and then used regular expressions and a drug dictionary to process and structure relevant information i...
What Is the Teratogenic Risk of Mycophenolate

Mycophenolate is often used in the management of systemic lupus erythematosus. It has often been associated with significant fetal embryopathy, including fetal loss and multiple anomalies. The Food and Drug Administration has directed that women should be counseled regarding this prior to initiating treatment with this drug. Isolated total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) is a rare association seen with its use in pregnancy.
Further Research Suggestions on Various Areas of Two-Phase Flow and Heat Transfer

The following individuals actively participated in the workshop session and/or provided written input: K. Akagawa (Japan), S. G. Bankoff (USA), M. Cumo (Italy), E. N. Gani\( \bar c \) (Yugoslavia), M. Giot (Belgium), H. Hamaguchi (Japan), S. Kakac (Turkey), J. Kestin (USA), R. T. Lahey, Jr. (USA), S. Nakanishi (Japan), M. Ozawa (Japan), L. N. Persen (Norway), W. A. Ragland (USA), T. Sakaguchi (Japan), and G. L. Wedekind (USA).
Augmented Reality Prototyping For Interaction Design Students

Technology never stops advancing. As such instructors in technology related fields must always be aware of new advancements, and prepare their students for industry. A prime example exists in Augmented Reality, a space of increasing popularity and scrutiny. However, to prototype a usable experience, students will need at the very least: 1) Programming experience, 2) 3D modeling experience, 3) an expensive AR headset. Can we create effective AR prototypes without spending a lot of time or money? In this paper we will explore a method for students to create prototypes of Augmented Reality designs that can be achieved through existing design methods.
Host-Based Dos Attacks and Defense in the Cloud

We explore host-based DoS attacks, which exploit the shared computing resources in a multi-tenant cloud server to compromise the server's resource availability. We first present a set of attack techniques targeting different types of resources. We show such attacks can significantly affect the performance of co-located VMs, as well as the cloud provider's management services. Then we propose an attack strategy to compromise the availability of the entire datacenter. We show how power-aware optimization techniques can help the attacker achieve his goal faster, with low cost.We design an effective general-purpose method to defeat memory, network and disk DoS attacks. We use a statistical method to detect changes in the usage of different resources. Once an attack happens, we use resource throttling techniques to identify and thwart the malicious VMs. Our evaluation shows that this defense method can effectively defeat these DoS attacks with negligible performance overhead. We alert the computer architecture community to these catastrophic attacks on the availability of cloud computing resources, to encourage building in better defenses at both the hardware and software levels.
Recent Advances on Generalized Trigonometric Systems in Higher Dimensions

We present a survey of current research on the basis properties of several trigonometric systems in higher dimensions.
Overexpression of LLT1 (CLEC2D) on prostate cancer cells inhibits NK cell-mediated killing through LLT1-NKRP1A interaction (TUM10P.1052)

Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer diagnosed and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in American men. Natural Killer (NK) cells are the first line of defense against cancer and infections. In order to establish and grow, cancer cells must escape NK cell-mediated killing. NK cell function is regulated by a delicate balance between signals received through activating and inhibitory receptors. We have identified LLT1 (Lectin-like transcript 1 or CLEC2D) as a counter-receptor for the NK cell inhibitory receptor NKRP1A (CD161). Interaction of LLT1 expressed on target cells with NKRP1A inhibits NK cell activation. Recently, we have found that LLT1 is overexpressed on DU145, LNCaP, and PC3 prostate cancer cells both at the mRNA and protein level. Blocking LLT1 interaction with NKRP1A by anti-LLT1 mAb increased the killing of prostate cancer cells. NK-mediated killing of DU145 in the presence of anti-LLT1 mAb showed the maximum killing. Also, LLT1 was found to be overexpressed in primary prostate cancer tissues, whereas its level of expression was minimal in normal prostate tissue. The results indicate that prostate cancer cells may evade immune attack by NK cells by expressing LLT1 gene to inhibit NK cell-mediated cytolytic activity through LLT1-NKRP1A interaction. Blocking LLT1-NKRP1A interaction will make prostate cancer cells susceptible to killing by NK cells and therefore may be a new therapeutic option for treatment of prostate cancer.
Algunos apuntes sobre folklore y espacio en la tradición oral de Bormujos (Sevilla)

Located just seven kilometers away from the city of Sevilla, Bormujos appears already in 1267 as a largely agrarian population, dominated by its status as a transit way between the towns of Castilleja de la Cuesta and Almensilla. The development of this agricultural activity and relations with neighboring populations have determined the development of an oral tradition in couplets, often brief, that allowed people to measure their leisure time and their agricultural chores. Explanations of the different informants reflect on the other hand a special conception of urban space stemming from oral memory.
Phosphatidylinositol-3-Phosphate

Phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PtdIns(3)P) is one of several bioactive phosphorylated products of the action of PI 3-kinases. PtdIns(3)P is localized primarily in the endomembrane systems of eukaryotic cells and is recognized by proteins with one of several recently identified PtdIns(3)P-binding domains. PtdIns(3)P and these associated proteins play roles in cellular functions associated with the endomembrane system, including endocytosis, phagocytosis, growth factor signaling, and autophagy.
An Integrated Approach to Developing Visual Literacy

Developing instructional approaches and learning activities on applicable visual literacy training for K-12 teachers can be a challenge to teacher preparation programs and courses. This study illustrated how an integrated approach, which incorporated learning activities/projects and blended learning process, was adapted and implemented into one graduate education course for increasing pre-service and in-service teachers’ visual literacy skills. The effectiveness of such an instruction approach on participants’ visual literacy competences was examined. Most participants indicated that they met all of Visual Literacy Competency Standards for Higher Education.
Interaction and Negotiation in a Committee of the United Nations General Assembly

The careful observer of main committees of the General Assembly, and other public United Nations bodies as well, soon becomes aware that two kinds of activity are taking place simultaneously before his eyes. There is a continuous flow of public debate heard by all in the room, and there are frequent private conversations between two or more delegates that are heard only by those involved. Delegates are seated at two long horseshoe desks, one placed inside the other. Conversations may be carried on by delegates seated next to each other. They also move around the chamber, sometimes sitting down behind another delegate to talk and at other times standing and talking with others who also are circulating. An observer in the press gallery, after he learns to recognize the participants, can make a record of who talks to whom, who initiates the interaction, and how long they talk. Such a record was kept during 18 of the 22 meetings of the Fifth Committee (Administrative and Budgetary Committee) during the Fourth Special Session of the General Assembly in May and June 1963. This paper will be devoted primarily to an analysis of the 1,752 interactions observed during the 18 meetings.
Systemic-to-pulmonary arterial connections simulating pulmonary emboli in a patient with Tetralogy of Fallot.

A middle-aged patient with a history of Tetralogy of Fallot repair (status post modified Blalock-Taussig shunt, right ventricular outlet tract reconstruction and ventricular septal defect repair, with more recent pulmonary artery patch annuloplasty with dilation and stenting, pulmonary valve replacement and aortic valve and root replacement) and symptomatic atrial tachycardia on coumadin therapy presented to an outside institution with dyspnoea and recurrent atrial fibrillation. The patient underwent CT pulmonary angiogram (CTPA), which demonstrated multiple unopacified areas in the bilateral segmental pulmonary artery branches; however, international normalised ratio was supratherapeutic at 4.1. The patient was transferred to our facility for suspected pulmonary emboli (PE). On assessment, the patient was noted to be in atrial fibrillation without evidence of hypoxia or respiratory compromise. In the context of adequate anticoagulation and a lack of clinical …
Updates on Targeted Therapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC)

We will provide a brief update of the most recent advances in targeted therapies for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) to help guide the practicing oncologist faced with the dilemma of how to treat this complex disease. The current standard of care remains chemotherapy, with recent data supporting the use of platinum agents and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP) inhibitors. Immune checkpoint inhibitor trials have also shown efficacy. TNBCs are grouped together, yet there is an extraordinary amount of diversity amongst these cancers, which have distinct molecular subtypes that predict response to therapy. The use of platinum agents and PARP inhibitors is now well supported. Novel agents including checkpoint inhibitors and antibody-drug conjugates hold promising avenues for the future.
Eddy current nulled constrained optimization of isotropic diffusion encoding gradient waveforms.

Purpose Isotropic diffusion encoding efficiently encodes additional microstructural information in combination with conventional linear diffusion encoding. However, the gradient-intensive isotropic diffusion waveforms generate significant eddy currents, which cause image distortions. The purpose of this study is to present a method for designing isotropic diffusion encoding waveforms with intrinsic eddy current nulling. Methods Eddy current nulled gradient waveforms were designed using a constrained optimization waveform for a 3T GE Premier MRI system. Encoding waveforms were designed for a variety of eddy current null times and sequence timings to evaluate the achievable b-value. Waveforms were also tested with both eddy current nulling and concomitant field compensation. Distortion reduction was tested in both phantoms and the in vivo human brain. Results The feasibility of isotropic diffusion encoding with intrinsic correction of eddy current distortion and signal bias from concomitant fields was demonstrated. The constrained optimization algorithm produced gradient waveforms with the specified eddy current null times. The reduction in the achievable diffusion weighting was dependent on the number of eddy current null times. A reduction in the eddy current-induced image distortions was observed in both phantoms and in vivo human subjects. Conclusion The proposed framework allows the design of isotropic diffusion-encoding sequences with reduced image distortion.
Parallel S /sub n/ iteration schemes

The iterative, multigroup, discrete ordinates S /sub n/ representation for the linear transport equation enjoys widespread computational use and popularity. Serial iteration schemes and numerical algorithms developed over the years provide a timely framework for parallel extension. On the Denelcor heterogeneous element processor, three parallel iteration schemes (two chaotic, one ordered) are investigated for solving the one-dimensional S /sub n/ transport equation.
Dermatopathology in endocrine disease

Abstract Through multiple complex mechanisms, the endocrine system plays a vital regulatory role in virtually every organ system including the skin. Cutaneous lesions may be seen incidentally in patients with endocrine disorders. Alternatively, certain skin conditions are seen exclusively in the setting of endocrine disorders and may rarely be the first clinical symptom of the underlying endocrinopathy. Although clinical examination is often sufficient, a tissue biopsy may still be needed to arrive at or confirm the diagnosis and to direct therapy. In many cases, the cutaneous condition might improve or resolve completely after treatment of the underlying endocrine disorder. In this review, we summarize the most common skin conditions associated with endocrine disorders, uncovering their relationship to the underlying endocrinopathy, demonstrating their clinicopathologic presentation, and highlighting their typical modalities of treatment.
Exploring the effect of network topology, mRNA and protein dynamics on gene regulatory network stability

Homeostasis of protein concentrations in cells is crucial for their proper functioning, requiring steady-state concentrations to be stable to fluctuations. Since gene expression is regulated by proteins such as transcription factors (TFs), the full set of proteins within the cell constitutes a large system of interacting components, which can become unstable. We explore factors affecting stability by coupling the dynamics of mRNAs and proteins in a growing cell. We find that mRNA degradation rate does not affect stability, contrary to previous claims. However, global structural features of the network can dramatically enhance stability. Importantly, a network resembling a bipartite graph with a lower fraction of interactions that target TFs has a higher chance of being stable. Scrambling the E. coli transcription network, we find that the biological network is significantly more stable than its randomized counterpart, suggesting that stability constraints may have shaped network structure during the course of evolution. Maintaining protein expression levels is essential to cellular homeostasis. Here, the authors investigate how transcription factors affect the stability of protein expression in a gene regulatory network, and highlight the importance of network topology.
A Natural Formalization of Changing-One’s-Mind Leads to Square Root of “Not” and to Complex-Valued Fuzzy Logic

We show that a natural formalization of the process of changing one’s mind leads to such seemingly non-intuitive ideas as square root of “not” and complex-valued fuzzy degrees.
Spread Spectrum Time Domain Reflectometry and Steepest Descent Inversion Spread Spectrum Time Domain Reflectometry and Steepest Descent Inversion

In this paper, we present a method for estimating complex impedances using reflectometry and a modified steepest descent inversion algorithm. We simulate spread spectrum time domain reflectometry (SSTDR), which can measure complex impedances on energized systems for an experimental setup with resistive and capacitive loads. A parametric function, which includes both a misfit function and stabilizer function, is created. The misfit function is a least squares estimate of how close the model data matches observed data. The stabilizer function prevents the steepest descent algorithm from becoming unstable and diverging. Steepest descent iteratively identifies the model parameters that minimize the parametric function. We validate the algorithm by correctly identifying the model parameters (capacitance and resistance) associated with simulated SSTDR data, with added 3 dB white Gaussian noise. With the stabilizer function, the steepest descent algorithm estimates of the model parameters are bounded within a specified range. The errors for capacitance (220pF to 820pF) and resistance (50 Ω to 270 Ω) are < 10%, corresponding to a complex impedance magnitude |R +1/jωC| of 53 Ω to 510 Ω.
Sustaining EO and the Role of the CEO

This chapter builds from the perspective in the EO literature that the CEO or senior-most strategic decision-maker in the firm is central to that firm’s EO. Central in the sense that this individual decides the firm’s strategic posture and makes resource allocation decisions that either constrain or enable EO; the firm’s EO reflects the CEO’s decisions. This chapter builds on the possibility of individual-level behavioral variables that may influence EO, for example learning engagement, cognitive flexibility, and social capital. At this point, I briefly touch on the concept of an individual-level EO, and level of analysis issues when investigating leadership-EO questions. I then address expected EO differences among CEOs who founded the firm from those who are non-founders, and in the founder discussion, I focus on imprinting effects and the extent to which legacy may factor into EO persistence. The chapter concludes by exploring an alternative condition, in which the CEO has less direct impact over EO, with the firm’s posture emerging organically, independent of the CEO.
Wearable devices for tracking physical activity in the community after an acquired brain injury: A systematic review.

Objective The application of wearable devices in individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI) resulting from stroke or traumatic brain injury (TBI) for monitoring physical activity (PA) has been relatively recent. The current systematic review aims to provide insights into the adaption of these devices, outcome metrics, and their transition from the laboratory to the community for PA monitoring of individuals with ABI. Literature survey The PubMed and Google Scholar databases were systematically reviewed using appropriate search terms. A total of 20 articles were reviewed from the past 15 years. Methodology Articles were classified into three categories - PA measurement studies, PA classification studies, and validation studies. The quality of studies was assessed using a quality appraisal checklist. Synthesis It was found that the transition of wearable devices from in-lab to community-based studies in individuals with stroke has started but is not widespread. The transition of wearable devices in the community has not yet started for individuals with TBI. Accelerometer-based devices were more frequently chosen than pedometers and inertial measurement units. No consensus on a preferred wearable device (make or model) or wear location could be identified, though step count was the most common outcome metric. The accuracy and validity of most outcome metrics used in the community were not reported for many studies. Conclusions To facilitate future studies use wearable devices for PA measurement in the community, we recommend that researchers provide details on the accuracy and validity of the outcome metrics specific to the study environment. Once the accuracy and validity are established for a specific population, wearable devices and their derived outcomes can provide objective information on mobility impairment as well as the effect of rehabilitation in the community. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Occam's Razor, Dogmatism, Skepticism, and Skeptical Dogmatism

Underdetermination arguments for skepticism maintain that our common sense view of the external world is no better, evidentially speaking, than some skeptical competitors. An important and well-known response by dogmatists, those who believe our commonsense view is justified, appeals to abduction OR inference to the best explanation. The predominant version of this strategy, going back at least to Locke, invokes Occam’s razor: dogmatists claim the common sense view is simpler than any of its skeptical alternatives and so has more to recommend it, evidentially speaking. This dispute has overshadowed another possible view: skeptical dogmatism. Skeptical dogmatists hold that we are justified in believing that the common sense view is probably false. I argue that skeptical dogmatism presents some interesting complications to the dialectic between the dogmatist and the skeptic. On the one hand, even if the dogmatist’s use of Occam’s razor is sufficient to rebut skepticism, in itself it is not sufficient to refute skeptical dogmatism. On the other hand, skeptics themselves, ironically, must, given the assumptions of the paper, appeal to something like Occam’s razor in order to avoid capitulating to skeptical dogmatism.
Role of Nitric Oxide in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Publisher Summary This chapter addresses the immune system activation that occurs after reperfusion of ischemic tissues and discusses the controversial role of nitric oxide (NO) in modulating this response. The immune system consists of a multifaceted defense involving circulating leukocytes, blood-borne factors, and cell-bound mediators. Although the immune system primarily functions to kill pathogens, invasion of microorganisms is not a prerequisite for immune activation. Ischemia—reperfusion, or the interruption and restoration of tissue blood flow, is a common clinical situation that appears to result in immune system activation. This regional or systemic vascular disorder is associated with an overproduction of oxygen free radicals and production of inflammatory mediators by activated endothelial cells, as well as the activation and endothelial cell adhesion of circulating blood cells, such as leukocytes and platelets. The infiltration of platelets and leukocytes into postischemic tissue is also facilitated by an increased expression of adhesion glycoproteins and major histocompatibility complex molecules on the surface of endothelial cells. NO is produced by a variety of cells that participate in the immune response and appears to contribute to the pathophysiological changes associated with ischemia-reperfusion. It exhibits both anti- and proinflammatory properties that can influence the severity and duration of the immune activation elicited by ischemia-reperfusion.
Building a Model of Employee Training through Holistic Analysis of Biological, Psychological, and Sociocultural Factors

While theories of adult learning and motivation are often framed as being either biological, psychological, or sociocultural, they represent a more complex, integral process. To gain a more holistic perspective of this process, a study was designed to concurrently investigate relationships between a biological factor age, psychological factors motivation for training, perceived work limitations, and sociocultural factors occupation, purpose of training, and work habits. The Assessment of Adult Literacy NAAL was used to elicit information about these factors in regards to work training. Data obtained was statistically correlated to age using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient. Results suggest that the interaction of multiple variables governs several shifts in motivation and need for training as adults age. Contrary to traditional theories of adult education, data suggest that a mixture of pedagogical and andragogical teaching styles is necessary for adult learners.
Disengaging from Workplace Relationships. A Research Note.

A randomly-selected sample of 306 adults employed full-time rated how likely individuals would be to use various communication strategies (cost escalation, depersonalization, and state-of-the-relationship talk) to disengage from a workplace relationship (with the target of the deteriorations being a supervisor, a peer coworker, or a subordinate employee) in 5 different scenarios. The results indicated that strategy use likelihood scores varied little as a function of the hierarchical level of the target. Likelihood of strategy use scores did vary by deterioration event; however, that accounted for little variance in strategy scores. In general, the participants perceived individuals were most likely to use depersonalization and least likely to use cost escalation to decrease closeness in a workplace relationship.
The Autonomic Nervous System

It is a daunting task to present in a cohesive chapter a historical perspective on the functions of the autonomic nervous system during exercise by normal and physically trained subjects. The multiplicity of systems regulated by the autonomic nervous system is summarized as follows by Hamill (76, p. 12): The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is structurally and functionally positioned to interface between the internal and external milieu, coordinating bodily functions to insure normal homeostasis (cardiovascular control, thermal regulation, gastrointestinal motility, urinary and bowel excretory functions, reproduction, and normal metabolic and endocrine physiology), and adaptive responses to stress (fight or flight response).
Prolonged labor: a study of 211 cases.

Abstract This paper is a review of the records of prolonged labor in the University of Maryland Hospital from July 1, 1945, through June 30, 1949. For the purposes of this study prolonged labor is defined as any labor that lasts longer than twenty-five hours excluding the third stage. The onset of labor is defined as the progressive dilatation and effacement of the cervix to 3 or 4 cm. without regard to the frequency, intensity, or duration of contractions. All the period from the time labor is established until delivery is completed is regarded as labor regardless of whether or not uterine contractions occur in the interim.
Impact of friction and scale-dependent initial stress on radiated energy-moment scaling

The radiated energy coming from an event depends on a number of factors, including the friction and, crucially, the initial stress. Thus we cannot deduce any scaling laws without considering initial stress. However, by simulating long sequences of events, where the system evolves to a statistically steady-state, we can obtain the appropriate distribution of initial stresses consistent with the dynamics and a given friction. We examine a variety of frictions, including power-law slip dependence, and explore a variety of scaling relations, with the aim of elucidating their radiated energy-moment scaling. We find, contrary to expectations, that apparent stress is not seen to increase with earthquake size for power-law weakening. For small and for large events, little change in apparent stress is seen with increasing rupture size, while intermediate sized events interpolate in between. We find the origin of this unexpected lack of size dependence in systematic changes of initial stress, with bigger events tending to sample regions of lower initial stress. To understand radiated energy-moment scaling, scale-dependent initial stress needs to be considered.
Unique Role for a DNA Methyltransferase Isoform in Lung Cancer.

Aberrant DNA methylation patterns are one of the most studied epigenetic components in cancer development. In certain cancers, altered expression of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) family members could potentially cause this DNA methylation re-patterning. Specifically, DNMT3B has over thirty different isoforms with varied expression in tissues (Ostler et al. 2007). Recent studies have shown that DNMT3B is responsible for gene body methylation by recognizing the H3K36me3 modification found in gene bodies, especially gene body remethylation after treatment with a DNA methylation inhibitor (5-Aza-CdR) (Baubec et al., 2015, Yang et al., 2014). The methylated gene bodies showed positive correlations with gene expression and, additionally, hypomethylation of gene bodies could lead to down regulation of gene expression (Yang et al. 2014). Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one such disease which has overexpression of DNMT3B, including a specific subfamily which lacks an N-terminal domain (ΔDNMT3B) (Wang et al. 2006). In this issue of EBioMedicine the work presented by Ma et al. (Ma et al. 2015), provides exciting developments for NSCLC with findings connecting the aberrant DNA methylation patterns during tumorigenesis with the predominantly expressed DNMT3B isoform: ΔDNMT3B4-del, a truncated DNMT3B isoform lacking exons 21 and/or 22 which contain the catalytic domain.
LIPOLYTIC ACTIVITIES OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS I. Nature of the Enzyme Producing Free Fatty Acids From Plasma Lipids

Abstract O'Leary, William M. (Cornell University Medical College, New York, N.Y.), and Julia T. Weld. Lipolytic activities of Staphylococcus aureus. I. Nature of the enzyme producing free fatty acids from plasma lipids. J. Bacteriol. 88:1356–1363. 1964.—The enzyme of Staphylococcus aureus, Guy strain, which is responsible for producing free fatty acids in human plasmas was purified approximately 225-fold from extracts of cultures in which the organism was grown. Purification procedures included ammonium sulfate precipitation, ethanol precipitation, gel filtration, and diethylaminoethyl-cellulose chromatography. Stability characteristics, pH and temperature optima, and substrate requirements were established. The principal plasma substrate is plasma lipoprotein, and the major reaction product is free octadecenoic acid. The ability of this compound to uncouple oxidative phosphorylation may be involved in the pathological effects of S. aureus at the molecular level.
Plotselinge dood na een geagiteerd delier

Het Excited Delirium Syndrome (EDS) gaat over de plotselinge dood van een patient, gedurende of volgend op een episode van een geagiteerd delirium. Een autopsie geeft geen bewijs van voldoende trauma of natuurlijke oorzaak die de dood kan verklaren.
Tetrahydroisoquinolinecarboxylic acids and regulation of phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase in cultured adrenal medulla

Abstract Explants of rat adrenal medullae, cultured for up to 48 hr in the presence of 3′,4′-deoxynorlaudanosolinecarboxylic acid (DNLCA) or α-methyltyrosine, exhibited a 69% increase in phenylethanolamine N -methyltransferase (PNMT) activity as measured in dialyzed homogenates. A related tetrahydroisoquinoline, norlaudanosolinecarboxylic acid (NLCA), when added to the medium did not elevate PNMT activity. No increase in the amount of PNMT was detected by immunochemical titration of homogenates from DNLCA-treated cultured medulla, nor were there changes in rates of synthesis or degradation of the enzyme. Although DNLCA is an inhibitor of tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, it had no effect on PNMT activity when added directly to an incubation mixture in vitro . Kinetic analyses of dialyzed homogenates from explants cultured in the presence of DNLCA revealed that the V max of PNMT was higher than that of control tissue. There was no decrease in K m after DNLCA treatment. The increase in PNMT activity appears to be a compensatory response to depletion of medullary catecholamines by DNLCA or α-methyltyrosine.
Potential large woody debris sources in riparian buffers after harvesting in Oregon, U.S.A.

Abstract Twenty-one riparian buffers on private lands in Oregon were measured after harvest using the 1994 revised Oregon Forest Practices Rules to determine their ability to contribute large woody debris (LWD) to streams for fish habitat. On average, 51% of the trees retained in riparian buffers after harvest currently would be capable of adding debris at least 20 cm diameter and 1.5 m length to the channel. Assuming 30% of trees are windthrown over 10 years and that trees fall in random directions, the riparian buffers would be expected to add an average of 0.6 trees per 100 m (1.9 trees per 1000 ft) of stream as LWD over 10 years. Analysis showed significantly greater LWD inputs ( p
Aquaculture Methods for a Genetically Managed Population of Endangered Delta Smelt

Abstract In response to Federal listing of the Delta Smelt Hypomesus transpacificus as a threatened species in 1993, intensive fish culture techniques were developed to provide a supply of fish for research activities. The Delta Smelt was listed as endangered by the state of California in 2009, and several agencies worked quickly to develop a captive refuge population under genetic management. Captive 2-year-old wild-origin Delta Smelt served as the founding population in 2008. Each year, 250 genetically selected, single pair crosses are made in vitro, and the resultant full-sibling families are combined to rear in multifamily groups. Typically, eight families are reared together from egg to adult stage, with 80% or more of the initial families represented at the adult stage. Multifamily rearing provides an efficient way of achieving a breeding population of 500 in a smaller facility. Juvenile survival increased from 18% in 2009 to 39% in 2010, as facilities and methodologies improved. Growth rate also in...
VIP stimulation of polarized macromolecule secretion in cultured chick embryonic retinal pigment epithelium

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) stimulated macromolecule secretion at the apical membranes of the chick embryonic retinal pigment epithelium cultured on permeable supports in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. VIP stimulated secretion of molecules with MW of 80, 74, 70, 60, 42, 35, 24, 20, and 14 kDa. A 1.9- to 2.6-fold stimulation in secretion of molecules with MW greater than 10 kDa precipitable by 10% trichloroacetic acid was observed after treatment with 1 microM VIP for 15 min. The effect of 1 microM VIP was mimicked by 10 microM dibutyryl cyclic AMP and attenuated by dopamine (1 x 10(-4) M), while colchicine, beta-lumicolchicine, and monensin, all at 1 microM, had no effect.
Differing electrical surface charge and transplantation properties of genetically variant sublines of the TA3 murine adenocarcinoma tumor

Comparative measurements have been made of the transplantation and electrical surface charge properties of the near-diploid TA3-Ha ascites tumor and a new hypotetraploid ascites subline designated TA3-L. The negative surface charge density and the density of electrophoretically detectable sialic acid residues were determined to be twice as great for TA3-L as TA3-Ha cells. The two TA3 sublines were found to have identical growth properties in isogeneic mice and to exhibit progressive growth in three allogeneic strains of mice. The lethal tumor cell inoculum in allogeneic mice was lower in all cases for the TA3-L cells. From a comparison of several TA3 ascites tumor sublines, it can be concluded that their transplantability into allogeneic strains of mice is correlated with the density of negative surface charge but is independent of the degree of tumor aneuploidy.
Bayesian models for multiple outcomes nested in domains

We consider the problem of estimating the effect of exposure on multiple continuous outcomes, when the outcomes are measured on different scales and are nested within multiple outcome classes, or "domains." Our Bayesian model extends the linear mixed models approach to allow the exposure effect to differ across domains and across outcomes within domains. Our model can be parameterized to allow shrinkage of the effects within the different levels of nesting, or to allow fixed domain-specific effects with no shrinkage. Our model also allows covariate effects to differ across outcomes and domains. Our methodology is applied to data on prenatal methylmercury exposure and multiple outcomes in four domains measured at 9 years of age on children enrolled in the Seychelles Child Development Study. We use three different priors and found that our main conclusions were not sensitive to the choice of prior. Simulation studies examine the model performance under alternative scenarios. Our results demonstrate that a sizeable increase in power is possible.
Ni–Fe + SDC composite as anode material for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell

Abstract Composite materials of Sm 0.2 Ce 0.8 O 1.9 (SDC) with various Ni–Fe alloys were synthesized and evaluated as the anode for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell. The performance of single cells consisting of the Ni–Fe + SDC anode, SDC buffer layer, La 0.8 Sr 0.2 Ga 0.83 Mg 0.17 O 2.815 (LSGM) electrolyte, and SrCo 0.8 Fe 0.2 O 3 − δ (SCF) cathode were measured in the temperature range of 600–800 °C with wet H 2 as fuel. It was found that the anodic overpotentials of the different Fe–Ni compositions at 800 °C were in the following order: Ni 0.8 Fe 0.2 0.75 Fe 0.25 0.7 Fe 0.3 0.9 Fe 0.1 0.95 Fe 0.05 0.33 Fe 0.67 . The single cell with the Ni 0.8 Fe 0.2 + SDC anode exhibited a maximum power density of 1.43 W cm −2 at 800 °C and 0.62 W cm −2 at 700 °C. The polarization resistance of the Ni 0.8 Fe 0.2 + SDC anode was as low as 0.105 Ω cm 2 at 800 °C under open circuit condition. A stable performance with essentially negligible increase in anode overpotential was observed during about 160 h operation of the cell with the Ni 0.8 Fe 0.2 + SDC anode at 800 °C with a fixed current density of 1875 mA cm −2 . The possible mechanism responsible for the improved electrochemical properties of the composite anodes with the Ni 0.8 Fe 0.2 and Ni 075 Fe 0.25 alloys was discussed.
Investigating the Impact of Logic and Circuit Implementation on Full Adder Performance

This paper presents the design and characterization of 12 full-adder circuits in the IBM 90-nm process. These include three new full-adder circuits using the recently proposed split-path data driven dynamic logic. Based on the logic function realized, the adders were characterized for performance and power consumption when operated under various supply voltages and fan-out loads. The adders were then further deployed in a 32 bit ripple carry adder and 8×4 multiplier to evaluate the impact of sum and carry propagation delays on the performance, power of these systems. Performance characterization of the adder circuits in the presence of process and voltage variations was also performed through Monte Carlo simulations. Besides analyzing and comparing circuit performance, the possible impact of the choice of logic function has also been underlined in this study.
Matrix imbalance by inducing expression of metalloproteinase and oxidative stress in cochlea of hyperhomocysteinemic mice

Clinical study reports hearing loss in patients with low folic acid (FA) and elevated homocysteine (Hcy). We hypothesize that elevated Hcy induces imbalance in matrix turnover and oxidative stress in cochlea. Cystathione β-synthase heterozygous knockout mice were used as model for hyperhomocysteinemia. Matrix remodeling induced by Hcy resulted from elevated MMP-2, -9, and -14. MMP-2 and -9 showed elevated gelatinase activity in CBS (+/−) cochlea. Tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase were significantly lower in CBS (+/−) cochlea. The expression analyses for MMPs and TIMPs were equally represented at protein and mRNA levels. Cochlea of CBS mice showed following structural changes; (1) detachment of tectorial membrane lying on hair cells (2) thinner s. vascularis (3) large fibroblast in spiral ligament. Hcy induced higher protein nitrotyrosination and cytosolic NADPHoxidase subunit p22phox in cochlea. It is thus suggested that Hcy induced matrix imbalance, structural changes and oxidative stress in cochlea.
Letters From the Silk Roads: Thinking at the Crossroads of Civilization

Chapter 1 Preface Translator's Preface to English Edition Part 2 Roads Connecting Civilization Part 3 Dialogue Between Civilizations Part 4 Invisible Threads Connecting Civilization Part 5 Civilization and the Natural Environment Chapter 6 Postscript Index About the Author and Translator
Methods to evaluate hydration and mixing properties of nixtamalized corn flours

ABSTRACT Rapid ViscoAnalyser (RVA), consistometer, and mixograph methods were developed to evaluate the pasting, hydration, and mixing characteristics of commercial nixtamalized corn flours (NCF) used for masa production. The effect of moisture level (51–58%) on the mixing characteristics of NCF was evaluated with the mixograph. Masas were subjectively evaluated for machinability properties. Masa with a low moisture level (51%) had reduced mobility and firmer texture, resulting in higher and wider mixograms. The mixograph was able to differentiate between the various stages of masa preparation. The first stage involves hydration of NCF particles, which causes the force to increase. Then masa develops cohesiveness and reaches maximum consistency. Finally, masa develops stickiness due to overmixing, which makes the curve narrower and lower. At a high moisture level (58%), masa is lubricated and plasticized and yields a softer texture with reduced mixing consistency, evident on the mixograph and in lower sub...