cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Increased IL-6 detection in adult and pediatric lymphoid tissue harboring parvovirus B19.

Abstract Background Parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a common pathogenic virus infecting humans. Previous studies have shown evidence of B19V infection in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin's lymphoma using ELISA and PCR on serum specimens. B19V nonstructural protein is known to alter the expression of cellular factors including interleukin-6 (IL-6), which can increase the risk for and worsen the prognosis of lymphomas. Objective The objective of this study was to detect B19V capsid protein and IL-6 expression in normal and malignant lymphoid tissue, as well as any correlation between the two. Study design IHCs for B19V capsid protein, IL-6, and B19V co-receptors P-antigen and α5β1 integrin were performed on a tissue array containing 70 duplicated pediatric and adult lymphoma tissues and 5 duplicated benign lymph node sections. Cases were identified as normal, B-cell NHL, diffuse large B-cell NHL, Hodgkin's lymphoma, extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, anaplastic large cell lymphoma, or mantle cell lymphoma. IL-6 and B19V capsid staining were quantified using a positive pixel count algorithm, and P-antigen and α5β1 staining using a membrane quantification algorithm. Results B19V capsid protein was detected in both benign and malignant lymphoid tissue. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient analysis was performed to determine the relationship between the level of positivity for B19V and IL-6 staining, yielding an overall correlation coefficient of 0.679 (p-value Conclusions Our results show a moderate correlation between the levels of positive B19V and IL-6 staining by IHC, indicating a possible role for B19V in the pathogenesis of lymphomas.
Origin of blueschist-bearing chaotic rocks in the Franciscan Complex, San Simeon, California

Chaotic rocks exposed in sea cliffs south of San Simeon, California, consist of sub-rounded to lens-shaped fragments of graywacke, greenstone, and less abundant blueschist and chert dispersed in a matrix of argillite. This nonbedded melange has been deformed twice. An earlier deformation, D 1 , produced a strong northwest-striking, northeast-dipping foliation defined by both tectonically flattened inclusions and a parallel penetrative cleavage in argillite. Most inclusions, even of blueschist, are imperfect oblate ellipsoids or display pinch-and-swell structure and, locally, extreme necking and boudinage. Overall ductile behavior during D 1 was succeeded by the development of subparallel shear fractures that record a brittle deformation, D 2 . Displacements on these fractures were generally small or negligible. It is clear that neither D 1 nor D 2 was responsible for the original lithologic heterogeneity and chaotic fabric of the melange. Mixing of foliated, glaucophane-lawsonite blueschist with lower-grade graywacke and greenstone to yield a nonbedded diamictite composed of variously sized clasts in a mudstone matrix must have occurred prior to D 1 , probably by sedimentary processes involving submarine sliding and downslope transport of debris flows. There is no evidence that the melange was bedded or that the blueschist inclusions were tectonically introduced among lower-grade rocks, prior to D 1 . The sequence of sedimentary and tectonic events suggests that as the subduction ultimately responsible for the Franciscan Complex as a whole proceeded, blueschists in elevated parts of previously accreted material were eroded, mixed with lower-grade rock, and deposited as olistostromes that were subsequently accreted and deformed.
Diabetes abolishes ischemic preconditioning: role of glucose, insulin, and osmolality

Recent evidence indicates that hyperglycemia is an important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. We tested the hypothesis that myocardial infarct size is related to blood glu...
Frictional Resistance of Antifouling Coating Systems

Abstract : An experimental study has been made to compare the frictional resistance of several ship hull coatings in the unfouled, fouled, and cleaned conditions. Hydrodynamic tests were completed in a towing tank using a flat plate test fixture towed at a Reynolds number (Re(L)) range of 2.8 x 10(6) - 5.5 x 10(6) based on the plate length and towing velocity. The results indicate little difference in frictional resistance coefficient (C(F)) among the coatings in the unfouled condition. Significant differences were observed after 287 days of marine exposure, with the silicone antifouling coatings showing the largest increases in C(F). While several of the surfaces returned to near their unfouled resistance after cleaning, coating damage led to significant increases in C(F) for other coatings. The roughness function DeltaU(+) for the unfouled coatings showed reasonable collapse to a Colebrook-type roughness function when the centerline average height (k = 0.17R(alpha)) was used as the roughness length scale. Excellent collapse of the roughness function for the barnacle fouled surfaces was obtained using a new roughness length scale based on the barnacle height and percent coverage.
A novel planar ion funnel design for miniature ion optics

The novel planar ion funnel (PIF) design presented in this article emphasizes simple fabrication, assembly, and operation, making it amenable to extreme miniaturization. Simulations performed in SIMION 8.0 indicate that ion focusing can be achieved by using a gradient of electrostatic potentials on concentric metal rings in a plane. A prototype was fabricated on a 35 × 35 mm custom-designed printed circuit board (PCB) with a center hole for ions to pass through and a series of concentric circular metal rings of increasing diameter on the front side of the PCB. Metal vias on the PCB electrically connected each metal ring to a resistive potential divider that was soldered on the back of the PCB. The PIF was tested at 5.5 × 10−6 Torr in a vacuum test setup that was equipped with a broad-beam ion source on the front and a micro channel plate (MCP) ion detector on the back of the PIF. The ion current recorded on the MCP anode during testing indicated a 23× increase in the ion transmission through the PIF when electric potentials were applied to the rings. These preliminary results demonstrate the functionality of a 2D ion funnel design with a much smaller footprint and simpler driving electronics than conventional 3D ion funnels. Future directions to improve the design and a possible micromachining approach to fabrication are discussed in the conclusions.
Fabrication and performance of high moment laminated FeAlN thin film inductive recording heads

Experimental thin film inductive heads using previously developed laminated FeAlN high moment soft magnetic materials have been designed, and fabricated to the wafer level. The heads, with a gap length of 0.2 /spl mu/m and trackwidths varying from 6 to 84 /spl mu/m, were fabricated with a mainly dry process. The dynamic domain patterns of the top magnetic poles were observed with a high speed wide-field Kerr microscope. Closure domains were not present, while multiple easy-axis domains were observed in the head yokes. The head inductances were measured from 1 to 50 MHz with a network analyzer. The electrical and magnetic testing results show that the fabricated heads function well at the wafer level and that laminated FeAlN high moment material is a very promising candidate for future high-density recording head applications. >
A case-control study of the impact of WBC reduction on the cost of hospital care for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

BACKGROUND : WBC reduction of blood components may reduce the incidence of transfusion reactions. The cost of this intervention might be offset by a reduction in the incidence of postoperative infection, thereby reducing the length of hospital stay and thus the cost of care for patients receiving transfusion. Cedars-Sinai Medical Center provided WBC-reduced blood components to all patients for a period of 2 years, creating an opportunity to compare the incidence of postoperative infection, length of hospital stay, and total hospital costs for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery, before, during, and after WBC reduction. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS : Data were obtained by examining hospital records of patients who received transfusion and control patients who did not receive transfusion for the years 1991 (before WBC reduction), 1992 to 1993 (during WBC reduction), and 1994 (following discontinuation of WBC reduction). Comparisons were made by use of ANOVA following log or square root transformation of the data. RESULTS : Length of hospital stay for patients who received transfusion decreased over time. Mean hospital stays were 15.9, 14.1, and 12.1 days before, during, and after WBC reduction, respectively. A similar trend was seen in the patients who did not receive transfusion. There was no indication that WBC reduction functioned as an independent variable that was responsible for the observed decrease. The rate of postoperative infection stayed constant during WBC reduction and only dropped when WBC reduction was stopped. Mean hospital cost showed no significant change over time for either the tranfusion group or the nontransfusion group. CONCLUSION : The cost of providing a totally WBC-reduced blood supply may not be offset by immediate savings related to decreased postoperative infections, reduced length of hospital stay, and cost of hospital care.
In vivo high-resolution fluorescence microendoscopy for ovarian cancer detection and treatment monitoring.

In patients with advanced ovarian cancer (OvCa), microscopic residual tumour nodules that remain after surgical debulking frequently escape detection by current treatment assessment methods and lead to disease recurrence. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of high-resolution fibre-optic fluorescence imaging of the clinically approved photodynamic therapy (PDT) agent benzoporphyin-derivative monoacid ring A (BPD-MA) for detection of microscopic OvCa and for monitoring treatment response. Our fluorescence microendoscope consists of a flexible imaging fibre coupled to a custom epi-fluorescence system optimised for imaging BPD-MA, which, after a single administration, serves as both an imaging agent and a light-activated therapeutic agent. After characterisation in an in vitro OvCa 3D model, we used the flexible imaging fibre to minimally invasively image the peritoneal cavity of a disseminated OvCa murine model using BPD-MA administered intraperitoneally (i.p.). To evaluate longitudinal changes in response to treatment, we compared sets of images obtained before and after PDT with those from untreated mice imaged at the same time points. By comparison with histopathology, we report an 86% sensitivity for tumour detection in vivo using the microendoscope. Using a custom routine to batch process-image data in the monitoring study, treated mice exhibited an average decrease of 58.8% in tumour volumes compared with an increase of 59.3% in untreated controls (P<0.05). Our findings indicate the potential of this approach as a reporter of treatment outcome that could aid in the rational design of strategies to mitigate recurrent OvCa.
Psychophysiological responses after sudden cardiac arrest during hospitalization

A sample of 21 sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) survivors were interviewed every 48 hours during hospitalization to determine emotional, cognitive, and physiological parameters of recovery. On the average, SCA survivors were not excessively anxious, depressed, angry, or confused during hospitalization, but they did report high levels of denial and uncertainty. The two most predominant cognitive impairments at the time of hospital discharge were loss of short-term memory and construction ability. Both the number of cardiac arrhythmias and the types of interventions used to manage them decreased as hospital discharge approached.
Applying Wedge Theory to Dynamic Rupture Modeling of Fault Junctions

Wedges, such as accretionary prisms and thin‐skinned fold‐and‐thrust belts, occur frequently in nature and can be the site of devastating earthquakes. Critical wedge theory can be applied to these settings, but this steady‐state description of wedge deformation is at odds with the periodic occurrence of earthquakes. We discuss how critical wedge theory applies to the seismic cycle, and we use elastic wedge theory to constrain realistic stress states. Our goal is to determine the rupture behavior of an earthquake in a wedge. If rupture initiates on the basal sliding surface, will it stay confined to the basal surface, or will it propagate onto a fault branch interior to the wedge? This information can significantly alter the seismic hazard in areas where fault intersections occur. We answer this question using numerical models of dynamic rupture propagation through branched geometries for which the stress state is a pivotal input parameter. We apply wedge theory to constrain the stress state, but inherent to this theory is the assumption of a weak basal fault. We investigate the role of this assumption and determine that rupture is unlikely to propagate from a weak basal fault onto a strong branch fault without the aid of a physical process such as pore fluid migration along the branch. This framework is applied to the rupture of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. We find that we are able to reproduce the behavior at some fault intersections, but our 2D model is not able to reproduce all the behaviors, possibly due to the oblique nature of this event.
HP/HT Hot-Wet Resistance of Thermoplastic PEEK and Its Composites

Advanced thermoplastic polyetheretherketone (PEEK) resin is known to have excellent resistance to elevated-temperatures in a broad range of severe chemical environments. One of the most challenging oilfield downhole environments for most engineering polymers is the high-pressure/high-temperature (HP/HT) hot-wet environment. PEEK resin is proven to be capable of resisting steam and water environments at elevated temperatures above 400°F because of its thermoplastic polyetherketone polymer chemistry and semi-crystalline polymer structure. However, when various reinforcement phases are incorporated in the PEEK resin to form PEEK matrix composites, their HP/HT hot-wet resistant capabilities can be very different, depending on the type of reinforcement, the resin-reinforcement interface bonding and the reinforcement geometry. A clear understanding of the HP/HT hydrolysis resistant behavior of the PEEK resin and its composites and the related mechanisms is critical.
Hiding in plain view: the potential for commonly used drugs to reduce breast cancer mortality

Many medications have been developed for one purpose but then are found to have other clinical activities. There is tremendous interest in whether non-cancer medications may potentially have effects on breast cancer survival. In this review article, we have presented and evaluated the evidence for several commonly used over-the-counter and prescription medications - including aspirin (and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, statins, digoxin, and metformin - that have been evaluated among breast cancer survivors in prospective studies. Substantial scientific evidence supports the hypothesis that some of these common and relatively safe drugs may reduce breast cancer mortality among those with the disease by an amount that rivals the mortality reduction gained by currently used therapies. In particular, the evidence is strongest for aspirin (approximately 50% reduction), statins (approximately 25% reduction), and metformin (approximately 50% reduction). As these drugs are generic and inexpensive, there is little incentive for the pharmaceutical industry to fund the randomized trials that would show their effectiveness definitively. We advocate that confirmation of these findings in randomized trials be considered a high research priority, as the potential impact on human lives saved could be immense.
Highly Packaged Terahertz Down-Converter Modules Using 3-D Integration

This letter describes the design of highly packaged heterodyne receivers for terahertz applications. The 3-D integration of a terahertz mixer with a low-noise intermediate frequency amplifier is implemented for the first time using off-the-shelf components. Thereby, an-order-of-magnitude volume and weight reduction are accomplished. We validate our packaging approach experimentally, demonstrating performance comparable to that of a similar receiver assembled with planar interconnects. These 3-D receivers can in principle constitute the basis of close-fitting, densely populated focal plane arrays.
A new self-calibration method for a decade inductive voltage divider by using bifilar windings as an essential standard at wide frequency

This paper describes how to calibrate a self-calibration decade inductive voltage divider (S-IVD). The S-IVD consists of windings of a decade main divider and nine bifilar windings as an essential standard. A commercial four-terminal-pair (4TP) LCR meter is used to measure the small differential vector voltages of the S-IVD. The voltage measurement does not require injection signals for zero balancing. The S-IVD can be calibrated by obtaining a part in 107 to 105 level uncertainties at 120 Hz to 1 MHz using mostly commercial instrumentation. Another IVD as a device under test (DUT) can be calibrated by 1 : 1 direct comparison using the main divider of the S-IVD and the LCR meter as a differential voltage detector.
New experimental data on the distance of sling projectiles

The range of stones cast by slings used in the past is debated. In the Central Andes, slings are asserted to be important weapons of prehispanic war, and have been recovered archaeologically. Rolled river cobbles and stones presumed to be slingstones found at fortified hilltop archaeological sites are presented as evidence that slings were used at these fortifications. Yet sling use has not been adequately tested at hillforts. Experiments conducted in Europe by a novice slinger have attempted to illuminate the range of sling cast stones at ancient hillforts. Data acquired from native slingers is necessary to more accurately assess distances achieved by projectiles launched by slings. We present data from sling experiments carried out in Puno, Peru among Quechua-speaking herders who are experienced slingers. The results demonstrate that a prior model of the maximum theoretical distance of sling cast stones underestimates their range. Results also show significant differences in the use of slings by men and women, and by different age groups. These new data permit a better approximation of warfare that has bearing on our interpretation of fortified sites.
The Procedural Sounds and Music of ECHO::Canyon

In the live game-based performance work ECHO::Canyon, the procedural generation of sound and music is used to create tight crossmodal couplings between mechanics in the visual modality, such as avatar motion, gesture and state, and attributes such as timbre, amplitude and frequency from the auditory modality. Real-time data streams representing user-controlled and AI driven avatar parameters of motion, including speed, rotation and coordinate location act as the primary drivers for ECHO::Canyon’s fullyprocedural music and sound synthesis systems. More intimate gestural controls are also explored through the paradigms of avian flight, biologically-inspired kinesthetic motion and manually-controlled avatar skeletal mesh components. These kinds of crossmodal mapping schemata were instrumental in the design and creation of ECHO::Canyon’s multiuser multi-channel dynamic performance environment using techniques such as composed interaction, compositional mapping and entirely procedurally-generated sound and music.
Mercury toxicity in children

As scientists and pediatricians who study the impacts of toxic chemicals on children's health and deal with the consequences of exposure, we are concerned that in her Editorial “Mercury and health” (27 September, p. [1430][1]), M. McNutt suggests that more research is needed to determine the
The Choice of Turbulence Models in Numerical Simulation of Secondary Flow in Bypass Crossover Sub of Horizontal Wells

Numerical calculations are performed by three different turbulence models(i.e.standard k-e model,RNG k-e model and RSM model) to simulate the secondary flow in the bypass crossover sub of the horizontal wells.The numerical simulation results are analyzed and compared with the experiment results.It is shown that the results based on the RSM model agree well with the experiment results and the flow characteristic of the secondary flow in bypass crossover sub of horizontal wells.
Design and Test of Electronic Current Transformer in DC±500 kV

This paper introduces a new-type electronic DC current transformer used in ±500 kV HVDC system.Different from the principle of traditional DC measurement system,combination scheme of shunt,Rogowski coils and fiber-optical transmission is adopted to design the new-type current transformer.The DC current is measured with shunt and the harmonic current is measured with Rogowski coils.The compound fiber-optical insulator is taken as the channel of signal transmission.Problem of the signal isolation between the high and low voltage in traditional measurement techniques is solved with fiber-optical transmission technology.Finally,the main technical parameters of the current transformer are proved to meet the design target of the HVDC current measurement system by precision and temperature rising test.
THE VARIATIONS OF SOIL RESPIRATION AT THE ERODED AND DEPOSITED SITES OF THE CULTIVATED SLOPES DURING EARLY SPRING TIME

Studies on soil erosion-induced exchange of CO2 between soil and atmosphere are mainly based on the modeling method and incubation experiments,but few direct measurements of the exchange are conducted in the field conditions.The objectives this present study were to investigate the spatial and temporal variations of the in-situ soil CO2 flux from the eroded and deposited sites in the sloping land in the early spring time,and assess the role of soil erosion and deposition,soil temperature and moisture controlling these variations.Two cultivated slopes of Slope 1 and Slope 2 were selected in Pucheng County of Shaanxi Province,Loess Plateau of China.Fallout137Cs and210Pbex techniques were used to identify the sites where soil erosion or deposition occurred in each slope.Two treatments including with root and without root were triplicated at eroded and deposited sites,respectively.In-situ measurements of soil CO2 flux by using Li-8100 Automated Soil CO2 Flux System soil temperature and moisture were monitor in each treatment plots,during March when the soil temperature and moisture vary significantly.Compared with the eroded sites,the amount of soil CO2 flux from all the plots in deposited sites increased consistently,although they did not reach statistically significant level during the measurement period.For slope 1,soil deposition resulted in an increase by 24.43% and 23.95% of soil CO2 flux in the plots with roots and the plots without roots,respectively,ranging from 8.02% to 44.41% and 6.37% to 43.26%,and for slope 2,soil CO2 flux was elevated by 44.64% and 25.28%,respectively,ranging from 17.33% to 74.63% and 10.23% to 39.76%.Our results suggested that soil erosion and deposition processes may control the spatial variations in soil CO2 flux in cultivated slopes in Chinese Loess Plateau.
Sirolimus and Mycophenolate Mofetil as Calcineurin Inhibitor-Free Graft-versus-Host Disease Prophylaxis for Reduced-Intensity Conditioning Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation.

Abstract The use of calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) to reduce the risk of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) requires intensive post-transplantation toxicity monitoring. Sirolimus-based GVHD prophylaxis is associated with a favorable toxicity profile and requires less intensive monitoring. However, the efficacy of sirolimus-based regimen compared with CNI-based regimen has not been evaluated in the setting of reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) double umbilical cord blood (UCB) HCT. We compared outcomes of patients receiving sirolimus/mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (n = 37) or cyclosporine (CSA)/MMF (n = 123) in an ongoing phase II study of RIC UCB transplantation. In multiple regression analysis, sirolimus/MMF did not influence the risk of grades II to IV or grades III and IV acute GVHD. In addition, there was no association between type of GVHD prophylaxis and hematopoietic engraftment. Infection density analysis found a significantly lower risk of infections with sirolimus/MMF between days +46 and +180 after HCT compared with CSA/MMF (3.4 versus 6.3 per 1000 patient-days, P = .03); however, no difference was observed before day +45. Sirolimus/MMF use resulted in no thrombotic microangiopathy, fewer instances of elevated serum creatinine >2 mg/dL (14% versus 45%; P
Comparing Three Methods of Measuring Race/Ethnicity

In this research note, we explore compare and contrast three methods for measuring race. We utilize as our baseline, or “true”, measure expert coded racial categories, and to this compare two alternatives. The first is a hybrid Bayesian analysis of racial/ethnic surname lists and population distributions, which allow us to develop a race probability score for each candidate. The second is a novel and innovative crowdsourcing method that allows many contributors to classify the racial identity of candidates. We analyze and discuss the potential benefits, pitfalls, and tradeoffs of each method. We conclude with the implications of these new measures for future election research as well as race and politics scholarship more broadly.
Deep tissue hyperthermia (DTH) for recurrent/progressive malignancies.

e22241 Background: Hyperthermia has been used an adjuvant to traditional cancer therapies. We report a cohort of patients retreated with radiotherapy (RT) and DTH after failing traditional therapie...
Can Technology Support Teaching for Global Readiness? The Case of the Global Read Aloud

Technology can create new opportunities for learning with and from people of other cultures, not just about them. The Global Read Aloud (GRA) offers an example of such learning possibilities. The GRA is a project that connects classrooms via digital technologies to discuss common texts. This research explored the pedagogical opportunities and challenges associated with using technology to teach for global readiness in the GRA. Although technology broadened how and with whom GRA students read and discussed literature, the depth and quality of technology-facilitated teaching specifically for global readiness was somewhat unclear. We discuss implications for teaching for global readiness.
Gamification Science, Its History and Future: Definitions and a Research Agenda:

Background. Definitions of gamification tend to vary by person, both in industry and within academia. One particularly popular lay interpretation, introduced and popularized by Ian Bogost, and reit...
Professor Alexander E. Braunstein; Some Reminiscences

It is most appropriate that this Conference be dedicated to the memory of Prof. Alexander E. Braunstein, the codiscoverer of enzymatic transamination and one of the major pioneering biochemists of our time. His leadership in science was expressed not only within the Soviet Union, but was felt throughout the world. I knew Prof. Braunstein personally from the 1950’s, and enjoyed our close professional and personal relationship for a period of more than three decades. I am very pleased to be asked to participate in the opening session of this conference*.
Inequalities for Isotropic Materials

As mentioned several times already, it is customary to impose a priori restrictions on the linear elasticity L in the stress relation (14.14) of the classical infinitesimal theory. These are, first, that $$L = L^T ,$$ (16.1) reducing the maximum number of independent components of L from 36 to 21, and that $$tr\left( {L\left[ {\mathop E\limits_ \sim ^ \sim } \right]\mathop E\limits_ \sim ^ \sim } \right) > 0if\mathop E\limits_ \sim ^ \sim \ne \mathop 0\limits_ \sim .$$ (16.2)
Mechanisms of Nicotine Stimulated Cell Proliferation in Normal and Neoplastic Neuroendocrine Lung Cells

The secretion of several growth factors by pulmonary neuro-endocrine (PNE) cells is under cholinergic control, and nicotine stimulates the proliferation of fetal PNE cells in vivo by binding to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR). Our data show that fetal hamster PNE cells and cell lines derived from human neuroendocrine lung cancers require simultaneous stimulation of the oxygen receptor and the nAChR expressed in these cells in order to proliferate in response to nicotine. The simultaneous stimulation of these two receptor-initiated signal transduction pathways triggers secretion of 5-HT and bombesin, and activates protein kinase C (PKC) and c-fos downstream. The importance of this synergism is greatly emphasized by our finding that simultaneous exposure of hamsters to hyperoxia and nicotine causes lung tumors positive for 5-HT and neuron specific enolase (NSE) while nicotine alone or hyperoxia alone cause no tumors.
Investigational Therapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: 2001

Current treatment for adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) generally includes cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) and an anthracycline or anthracycline derivative (daunorubicin, idarubicin, mitoxantrone). Improved survival for subgroups of AML patients has been realized with the use of high-dose ara-C, particularly in younger patients with inv(16) and t(8;21) karyotypes [1] and with all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in patients with a t(15;17) translocation [2]. Effective therapy for older patients (above age 60), those with a prior myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and for patients with unfavorable cytogenetic changes (-5,-7), has not yet been found [3]. Accordingly, there continues to be a need to investigate new treatments. The development of anti-leukemic therapy has followed three broad strategies; 1. enhancing the efficacy of existing active drugs by pharmacomodulation 2. finding new chemotherapeutic agents 3. identifying non- chemotherapeutic modalities of treatment
Airborne assault on corregidor: a study in weather, terrain, and cultural landscapes

In many ways, military forces using advanced technologies have been able to overcome a number of the inherent and traditional challenges posed by physical geography. However, geography continues to play a significant role in military planning and operations in two areas that have received little attention in the literature, namely airborne operations and the cultural landscape. This case study sought to contribute to these discussions by analysing the American operation to seize Corregidor Island in February 1945. As a primarily airborne assault, the operation was heavily contingent on weather, but also on terrain for sufficient drop zones, and the cultural landscape and terrain intelligence of the American forces proved vital in this regard. Through analysing archival military planning documents, maps, images and other primary and secondary sources, this study found that the physical terrain and enemy defences dictated the overall plan, but two features of the cultural landscape, the parade ground and golf course, were essential to the airborne operation, serving as the smallest drop zones used in World War II by US forces. While these two spaces enabled the assault, their small size, the buildings surrounding them, and the prevailing winds made this mission the most dangerous and highest jump casualty airborne operation of the war. Despite the casualties incurred by these features, the bombed-out buildings and debris on the drop zones arguably prevented even greater casualties because of the cover these provided once paratroopers were assembled on the ground. The intent of this discussion is to demonstrate how airborne operations are inherently contingent on geography and the challenges and opportunities the cultural landscape could pose during a military operation.
Late medical consequences of exposure to radioactive fallout

Data collected by the Brookhaven Medical Program on the late medical consequences of the exposure to radioactive fallout originated from the detonation of a thermonuclear device on Bikini atoll in Marshall Islands are discussed.
Secondary Emotional Labor: Supervisors Withholding Support and Guidance in Interdisciplinary Group Meetings in a Community Hospice Program:

Emotional labor (EL) can be rewarding, but it can also lead to burnout. Research suggests that supervisor support may be essential to positive experiences with EL. Using qualitative data from a com...
Treatment of Uveitis and Outcomes of Glaucoma Drainage Implant Surgery: A Meta-Analysis.

Purpose We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of uveitis treatment on glaucoma drainage implant surgical outcomes. Methods We included 16 articles in the meta-analysis. Two groups were defined based on medical therapy of uveitis: Group 1: poorly controlled uveitis, and Group 2: well-controlled uveitis including use of immunomodulatory medications. Results The two groups were similar in comparisons of follow-up time, age, gender, and etiology of uveitis. Meta-analysis demonstrated significantly greater success in Group 2 (95.1%) compared to Group 1 (81.6%) at 1 year after glaucoma drainage implant surgery (P = .001). The final success was significantly greater (P 0.014) in group 2 compared with group 1 (86.1% and 74.3%, respectively). Conclusion Surgical success was significantly higher in uveitic glaucoma patients treated with more intensive immunosuppressive therapy before and after glaucoma drainage implant surgery. The level of control of uveitis perioperatively appears to influence glaucoma drainage implant surgery outcomes.
Patch Testing Ingredients of Dermabond and Other Cyanoacrylate-Containing Adhesives.

Background Cyanoacrylates are strong adhesives used for a variety of medical, industrial, and cosmetic applications and have been implicated as a cause of allergic contact dermatitis. Objective The aim of the study was to review our experience in patch testing with cyanoacrylates. Methods We reviewed patch test results of 38 patients with a clinical history of contact dermatitis due to a cyanoacrylate-containing adhesive (mostly Dermabond). Testing used cyanoacrylates of >99% purity diluted to 10% to 30% in petrolatum (pet.), undiluted octyl cyanoacrylate, and/or Dermabond Mini or Advanced "as is." Patch tests were also performed with methacrylates, formaldehyde (a cyanoacrylate impurity), benzalkonium chloride, and cyanoacrylate polymerization inhibitors. Three patients were also tested with Dermabond Mini on abraded skin. Results Commercial cyanoacrylate patch testing material (ethyl cyanoacrylate 10% pet.) detected 29% of Dermabond-allergic patients, whereas patch testing with octyl cyanoacrylate 10% pet. increased detection to 50%. Testing with higher concentrations and/or on abraded skin further increased yield. Thirteen (37%) of our 35 cyanoacrylate-allergic patients were also allergic to methacrylates or acrylates. Conclusions Octyl cyanoacrylate is the usual allergenic ingredient in Dermabond. Patch testing with high concentrations is often required. Testing Dermabond on abraded skin further improves diagnostic sensitivity by more closely simulating clinical use.
Pulmonary Thromboembolic Disease

Pulmonary thromboembolic disease is defined, as well as the most common causes and predisposing factors. Diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolic disease is emphasized, including both acute and chronic presentations. Specific radiographic signs are defined and discussed. Imaging findings at the time of cross-sectional imaging are described. Alternative imaging modalities are discussed, as are imaging contraindications. The basis of VQ scan diagnosis is introduced. Alternative embolic sources are introduced.
Soviet Tactual Maps: A Review:

A special forum for individuals to respond in detail to material published In the Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness or to raise issues which relate to the specialized field of work with bl...
Genome-wide analyses reveal antibiotic resistance genes and mechanisms in pathogenic Pseudomonas bacteria

Background: The global emergence and re-emergence of antibiotic resistance among the Pseudomonas pathogens causes great problems to patients undergoing chemotherapy. However, there is limited comparative information on the antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mechanisms across the Pseudomonas pathogenic groups. Methods: The complete genomes of five Pseudomonas pathogen groups, P. aeruginosa , P. fluorescens , P. putida , P. stutzeri and P. syringae , were analyzed for ARGs. Results: A significant number of ARGs were identified in the P. aeruginosa genome compared to the other Pseudomonas pathogens. The opportunistic pathogens P. stutzeri and P. putida were shown to be the closest to P. aeruginosa with an average nucleotide identity (%) of 80.30 and 79.52. The pathogen genome with the least hit was P. stutzeri . The four major antibiotic resistance mechanisms that include the efflux, inactivation, target alteration and efflux::target alteration were reported. Conclusion: The findings of this brief report could be useful in understanding the chemotherapeutics against antibiotic resistance strains of Pseudomonas pathogens
Brain Imaging Techniques: Improving the Quality

Image quality is a factor of the utmost importance in nuclear medicine. Regardless of what type of scan is being done, technologists should be diligent in how images are being acquired. With respect to brain imaging, there can be challenges that the technologist must understand how to navigate and overcome. This continuing education article, focusing mainly on brain SPECT (particularly with 123I-ioflupane) and brain 18F-FDG PET/CT, will help technologists better understand how artifacts occur and how imaging techniques can affect image quality.
Plugins to Detect Vulnerable Plugins: An Empirical Assessment of the Security Scanner Plugins for WordPress

WordPress, possibly world’s the most popular Content Management System (CMS), which supports around 455 million websites and claims 60.3% of all content management systems in use. The WordPress core is known to be relatively secure, but its plugin ecosystem is not. 92% of vulnerabilities found in WordPress powered websites are attributed to third-party plugins that those websites depend on.This paper presents an empirical study, where we examine the efficacy of 11 WordPress security scanner plugins in the detection of known vulnerabilities in another set of 51 insecure plugins. The results are mixed, with some security scanner plugins failing entirely and even the most effective plugins failing to identify significant vulnerabilities. The findings are derived based on both a quantitative analysis and a deeper qualitative analysis.
Viral prevalence by gestational age and season in a large neonatal cord blood cohort.

To investigate viral prevalence in a large neonatal cohort and determine the impact on pregnancy and birth outcomes.We prospectively collected 1044 neonatal samples from remnant neonatal cord blood...
Genetic prion disease caused by a Q160X PRNP mutation presenting with an orbitofrontal syndrome (P4.100)

OBJECTIVE: To describe the phenotype of a patient with a PRNP Q160X mutation. BACKGROUND: The nonsense mutation in PRNP Q160X leads to a truncated form of the prion protein linked to genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) featuring slowly progressive early-onset dementia and gastrointenstinal symptoms. Episodic memory loss in the absence of ataxia or myoclonus have been associated with CJDQ160X. DESIGN/METHODS: We report a case of genetic CJDQ160X presenting with orbitofrontal, and later, GI, symptoms. Whole exome sequencing was done on the proband and both parents. RESULTS: A previously healthy 31 year-old gentleman presented with 4-years of aggressive outbursts, drug abuse, hypersexuality and impaired judgment. He subsequently developed visual and speech difficulties, forgetfulness and impairment of instrumental activities of daily living. His behavioral symptoms improved as other dimensions of cognition started to be affected. He was initially believed to have schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease. His review of systems revealed weight loss, erratic blood pressure and painful paresthesias of hands and feet. His paternal grandfather, two of his siblings and a paternal aunt had history of dementia. His exam revealed mixed aphasia, delayed word recall, apraxia, dysarthria, paratonia in 4 extremities and slow wide-base gait. His mini-mental state examination score was 5 out of 30. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed severe atrophy of the bilateral anterior temporal lobes, left greater than right parietal lobe and bilateral angular gyri. Deep nuclei, cerebellar and subcortical white matter showed no major changes and there was no restricted diffusion. Genetic testing confirmed a mutation in codon Q160X of PRNP. CONCLUSIONS: Genetic CJDQ160X may produce slowly progressive dementia with a behavioral phenotype and GI symptoms. Genetic forms of CJD may not show typical restricted diffusion changes in neuroimaging. Family history of dementia and the presence of peripheral neuropathy should raise suspicion for genetic CJD in early onset dementia. Disclosure: Dr. Rojas has nothing to disclose. Dr. Fong has nothing to disclose. Dr. Coppola has nothing to disclose. Dr. Legati has nothing to disclose. Dr. Karydas has nothing to disclose. Dr. Rankin has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bang has nothing to disclose. Dr. Miller has nothing to disclose. Dr. Geschwind has received personal compensation for activities with Best Doctors, Guidepoint Global, and Quest Diagnostics. Dr. Geschwind has received research support from the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Aging, the Tau Consortium
Linkage of genetic markers in AHU strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae

DNA-mediated transformation was used to study the linkage of genetic markers in AHU strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Using DNA from prototrophic, antibiotic-resistant strains to transform antibiotic-sensitive, AHU recipient organisms, we have calculated cotransformation frequencies for arginine (argE), hypoxanthine (hyx), and uracil (ura) requirements and streptomycin (str) and rifampicin (rif) resistance. Our data show that these genes are linked and that their order on the chromosome is ura — rif — str — argE — hyx. Preliminary experiments further suggest that penB, sac-1, na1B, nmp-1 (Protein 1), and iga-1 are also closely linked to the argE and hyx loci.
Automatic classification of plants based on their leaves

The proposed algorithm identifies a plant in three distinct stages i) pre-processing ii) feature extraction iii) classification. Different leaf features, such as morphological features, Fourier descriptors and a newly proposed shape-defining feature, are extracted. These features become the input vector of the artificial neural network (ANN). The algorithm is trained with 817 samples of leaves from 14 different fruit trees and gives more than 96% accuracy. To verify the effectiveness of the algorithm, it has also been tested on Flavia and ICL datasets and it gives 96% accuracy on both the datasets.
Word of Wisdom and Peyote: The Diversity of Interpretations, Part One

The Word of Wisdom, a health code introduced by Joseph Smith in 1833, has a history of varied interpretations within the larger body of Mormon faiths. Among the lesser known of these interpretations is that held by the Peyote Way of Church of God, founded in 1977 by Reverend Immanuel P. Trujillo, Rabbi Matthew S. Kent and Right Sister Anne L. Zapf in Arizona. Leaders of the Peyote Way Church of God hold a special place in their faith for the Word of Wisdom and interpret it to endorse the use of peyote, a cactus with hallucinogenic properties, as an herb. This interpretation may be surprising to members of the larger Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS) but a review of the history of the health code in the LDS faith also demonstrates a remarkable fluidity of interpretation and innovation. This is the first in a two part series.
TLR7 and CD28 regulate plasmacytoid dendritic cell IFN-I induction and silencing during chronic viral infection (INC8P.439)

Type I Interferons (IFN-I) are potent cytokines essential for immune surveillance against many pathogens including persistent viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in humans and Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (LCMV) in mice. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are specialized to produce IFN-I but the molecular mechanisms underlying their initial IFN-I production and the subsequent exhaustion that occurs during chronic viral infection remain to be fully elucidated. Using chronic LCMV infection in mice, we demonstrated that pDCs initially sensed and produced abundant IFN-I in a TLR7-dependent manner. Furthermore, gene expression profile comparisons of pDCs and conventional (c) DCs identified CD28, a prototypic T cell stimulatory receptor, as highly expressed in pDCs. Strikingly, CD28 acted in a cell-intrinsic manner to negatively regulate the magnitude of pDC IFN-I production upon TLR stimulation in vitro and early after in vivo LCMV infection, but was dispensable for the subsequent IFN-I silencing. In contrast, cell-intrinsic TLR7 signaling was essential for the later pDC IFN-I exhaustion observed in chronic LCMV infection and compromised innate responses against secondary opportunistic pathogens. These results highlight a novel role for CD28 in limiting the magnitude of pDC IFN-I production and a dual role for TLR7 in mediating both induction and subsequent exhaustion of innate responses during in vivo chronic viral infection.
Radioglobulin localization and immunospecificity in the transplanted human choriocarcinoma

Abstract Human choriocarcinomas, transplanted into the hamster cheek pouch, concentrated both radiolabeled immune and nonimmune rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG) as shown by autoradiography, immunofluorescence, and gamma spectrometric analysis. The intravascular activity and in vivo immunospecificity of the radioglobulin preparations was demonstrated by the use of nonlabeled whole rabbit sera as blocking agents. Nonlabeled rabbit anti-human chorionic gonadotropin serum was capable of blocking radio-uptake levels in the tumor and the ovary. In contrast, the use of nonlabeled, nonimmune rabbit sera influenced only the tumor radioactivity levels. Both immune and nonimmune blocking sera may have saturated IgG receptor sites in the tumor, thus reducing the uptake of radioglobulin IgG. Possible mechanisms for the indiscriminate uptake of IgG by the tumor have been discussed.
Quasielastic light scattering studies of dynamics of dilute and semi-dilute polymer solutions

The dynamics of concentration fluctuations of polystyrene ([Mbar] w = 20 000) in cyclohexane are studied as a function of temperature and concentration using the photon correlation spectroscopic technique. Over a 60°C temperature range, the translational diffusion coefficient [Dbar] c changes by more than two orders of magnitude. At a given temperature, [Dbar] c first decreases with increasing concentration until a critical concentration C* at 22 per cent is reached, beyond which [Dbar] c increases with increasing concentration, reaching a maximum at higher concentration. The critical concentration C* is insensitive to temperature variations and cannot be identified with the overlap concentration of the entangled polymer. The scattering intensity as a function of concentration also shows a maximum at C*, suggesting that the slowing down of concentration fluctuations due to the decrease in (∂μ/∂C) P,T is responsible for the intensity maximum. It is concluded that the emergence of the cooperative motion at ...