cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A Drosophila RNA polymerase II transcription factor binds to the regulatory site of an hsp 70 gene.

Abstract A Drosophila RNA polymerase II transcription factor that is specific for at least one of the heat-shock genes has been isolated (designated HSTF for heat-shock transcription factor). This factor is required for active transcription of an hsp 70 gene in addition to RNA polymerase II and another general transcription factor, the A factor. Footprint analysis of the HSTF on the hsp 70 gene reveals that it binds specifically to a 55 bp region upstream from the TATA box. Both coding and noncoding DNA strands are completely protected from DNAase I cleavage by the HSTF. HSTF binding occurs in the apparent absence of RNA polymerase II. The HSTF is present in both heat-shocked and nonshocked cells, although it is more transcriptionally active when isolated from heat-shocked cells. The previously described B factor (an RNA polymerase II transcription factor that binds to the TATA box), isolated from nonshocked cells, is significantly reduced in both binding and transcriptional activity in heat-shocked cells. The potential role of the HSTF and the B factor in the activation of heat-shock gene transcription is discussed.
Scheduling Independent Tasks on Parallel Processors

This paper considers the problem of scheduling m independent, immediately available tasks on n parallel processors. Each task has a waiting cost rate, that is a function of time, and a service time. There are no feasibility restrictions on the order in which the tasks are to be processed. An optimal scheduling rule is presented for the single processor scheduling of tasks with continuously discounted linear waiting costs. A dynamic programming algorithm has been developed for a wide class of parallel-processor problems. Linear waiting costs with or without discounting, arbitrary processor use costs, and certain other costs are considered. In certain cases, the service time of a task may be a function of the processor that performs it.
Use of 3-Azabicyclo[3.2.2]nonane in the Mannich Reaction IV: Additional Derived Products

Additional α-amino ketones, phenol Mannich bases, allylamines, propylamines, and γ-aminoalkyl esters involving the use of 3-azabicyclo[3.2.2]nonane in the Mannich reaction are reported. Results of biological tests are cited.
Bioinformatics: Sequence and Genome Analysis, 2nd ed. David W. Mount. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2004, 692 pp., $75.00, paperback. ISBN 0-87969-712-1.

The production of a good introduction to the field of bioinformatics has been a very difficult task because of the duality of the target audience. A text that is appropriate for the computer scientist is typically not good for the biologist, and vice versa. Producing a primer that is suitable for both has been a target of numerous authors in the past few years. One of the most successful has been the first edition of David Mount’s book, and so it was that I received this second edition with no little sense of anticipation. Would this be a successful upgrade, or would the changes be merely cosmetic? Furthermore, would the third class of bioinformatics students be well served; namely, those many …
Overuse of computed tomography pulmonary angiography in the evaluation of patients with suspected pulmonary embolism in the emergency department.

Background Clinical decision rules have been developed and validated for the evaluation of patients presenting with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE) to the emergency department (ED).
Interstage attrition between bidirectional Glenn and Fontan palliation in children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome.

Objective With improving operative mortality for staged palliation of hypoplastic left heart syndrome, interstage death accounts for an increasing proportion of hypoplastic left heart syndrome mortality. We investigated risk factors for death or cardiac transplantation during the interstage period between bidirectional Glenn and Fontan procedures in children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Methods Patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome who underwent bidirectional Glenn between August 1995 and June 2007 were screened. Standard risk patients, defined by having been discharged after both Norwood and bidirectional Glenn, were included for analysis. Patient demographic, echocardiographic, cardiac catheterization, and operative data were reviewed. Interstage attrition was defined as death or cardiac transplantation more than 30 days after bidirectional Glenn and before the Fontan procedure. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Student t test, Pearson chi-square correlation, and Cox proportional hazard modeling for multivariable analysis. Results Ninety-two patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome were alive at 30 days after bidirectional Glenn. Of these patients, 8 died and 3 underwent cardiac transplantation at a median of 391 days (range, 59–1175 days) after bidirectional Glenn, yielding an interstage attrition rate of 12%. Removing the 7 patients who are still awaiting Fontan (but all of whom are at least 3.5 years after bidirectional Glenn) adjusts the attrition rate to 13%. Interstage attrition did not correlate with hemodynamic data obtained at cardiac catheterization, aortic arch obstruction, or right ventricular dysfunction. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that the presence of moderate or severe tricuspid valve regurgitation (hazard ratio, 6.02; 95% confidence interval, 1.56–23.24; P z score (hazard ratio, 0.38; 95% confidence interval, 0.16–0.88; P = .02) were independent preoperative risk factors for interstage attrition. Conclusions Interstage attrition between bidirectional Glenn and Fontan procedures occurred in 12% of our study population. Moderate or greater tricuspid valve regurgitation and low weight z score at the time of bidirectional Glenn are important risk factors for interstage attrition between the bidirectional Glenn and Fontan procedures in children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome.
The entangled state: sorcery, state control and violence in Indonesia, by Nicholas Herriman

Of all the violence that swept Indonesia in the weeks following the ouster of President Soeharto in May 1998, the gruesome killings of some 100 alleged sorcerers in the Banyuwangi district of East ...
Use of the risk-rescue rating scale with adolescent suicide attempters: A cautionary note

Abstract The assessment of the medical lethality and intent of suicide attempts has been considered an important area of research for those interested in suicide. The current study examined the usefulness of the Risk-Rescue Rating Scale with 109 adolescent suicide attempters and found a restricted range of variability, which, in turn, resulted in poor interrater reliability on a number of items. Results suggest that the Risk-Rescue Rating Scale is of limited usefulness with adolescents, and alternative approaches to assessing lethality and suicidal intent with this age group are discussed.
The European Corn Borer, Pyrausta Nubilalis, and Its Principal Host Plant. VIII. Laboratory Evaluation of Host Resistance to Larval Growth and Survival

Methods employed in the study of host plant resistance to the European corn borer are described and analyzed. Procedures for plant sampling, chemical fractionation, and bioassay are discussed. Laboratory rearing of the corn borer on purified dietary media is described in detail. Application of the experimental methods to investigations of plant resistance problems involving other insect and plant species is discussed.
Optimization of photonic nanostructures

A Geometry Projection Method (GPM) for the optimization of photonic crystal nanostructures is used to improve the performance of two different photonic devices. The GPM is a level set based approach for defining a differentiable expression describing the material distribution of a structure. It gives direct control over areas of intermediate dielectric constant and implicit control over feature size, both key concerns for the design of nano-scale devices. The GPM, in conjunction with the finite element and adjoint methods, is used here to solve two different non-linear optimization problems. The diffraction from a two-dimensional photonic crystal waveguide termination is reduced, and the reflectivity of a three-dimensional photonic crystal laser cavity structure is increased. Significant improvements in both cases demonstrate that the GPM is an effective tool for optimization of photonic structures.
The influence of insulin on circulating ghrelin.

Ghrelin is a novel peptide that acts on the growth hormone (GH) secretagogue receptor in the pituitary and hypothalamus. It may function as a third physiological regulator of GH secretion, along wi...
CASA and LEAD: adaptive cyberinfrastructure for real-time multiscale weather forecasting

Two closely linked projects aim to dramatically improve storm forecasting speed and accuracy. CASA is creating a distributed, collaborative, adaptive sensor network of low-power, high-resolution radars that respond to user needs. LEAD offers dynamic workflow orchestration and data management in a Web services framework designed to support on-demand, real-time, dynamically adaptive systems
An experimental study of body surface mapping of chronic myocardial infarction

We report preliminary results on body surface Laplacian mapping of chronic myocardial infarction (MI). Healthy subjects were recruited as control group, and one patient with prior MI was studied to evaluate the feasibility of applying both potential and Laplacian mapping techniques in characterizing and localizing the site of MI in patient. The preliminary experimental results suggest that using body surface Laplacian and potential mapping can facilitate the noninvasive characterization and localization of site of MI, as judged by echocardiogram.
Distributed snapshots for mobile computing systems

Accomplishing the distributed snapshots problem in mobile systems is an important issue as well as in distributed systems. This work presents a distributed snapshots protocol for mobile computing systems. In addition, this protocol can be used for achieving an efficient checkpointing protocol in the mobile environment. Specifically, it is a robust adaptation of the classical distributed snapshots protocol, where the mobile hosts can still roam among the different cells within the mobile system. The main benefit of this work is to provide distributed snapshots for a mobile system without adding any restriction to the system, such as FIFO ordering among the application messages as required for a traditional distributed system.
Accounting principles, revenue recognition, and the profitability of pharmacy benefit managers

Abstract Objectives To contrast pharmacy benefit management (PBM) companies' measured profitability by using two accounting standards. The first accounting standard is that which, under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), PBMs are currently allowed to employ. The second accounting standard, seemingly more congruent with the PBM business model, treats the PBM as an agent of the plan sponsor. Data Sources Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Emerging Issues Task Force Issue 99-19, U.S. Securities and Exchange 10-K filings and financial accounting literature. Summary Under GAAP record keeping, the PBM industry profitability appears modest. Using currently applied GAAP, the PBM treats all payment from the plan sponsor as revenue and all payment to the pharmacy as revenue. However, the PBM functions, in practice, as an entity that passes-through money collected from one party (the sponsor) to other parties (dispensing pharmacies). Therefore, it would seem that the nature of PBM cash flows would be more accurately recorded as a pass-through entity. When the PBM is evaluated using an accounting method that recognizes the pass-through nature of its business, the PBM profit margin increases dramatically. Conclusion Current GAAP standards make traditional financial statement analysis of PBMs unrevealing, and may hide genuinely outstanding financial performance. Investors, regulators, pharmacies, and the FASB all have an interest in moving to clarify this accounting anomaly.
The human homologue of the RNA polymerase II-associated factor 1 (hPaf1), localized on the 19q13 amplicon, is associated with tumorigenesis.

The 19q13 amplicon in pancreatic cancer cells contains a novel pancreatic differentiation 2 (PD2) gene (accession number AJ401156), which was identified by differential screening analysis. PD2 is the human homologue of the RNA polymerase II-associated factor 1 (hPaf1). In yeast, Paf1 is part of the transcription machinery, acting as a docking protein in between the complexes Rad6-Bre1, COMPASS-Dot1p, and the phosphorylated carboxyl terminal domain of the RNA polymerase II. As such, Paf1 is directly involved in transcription elongation via histone H2B ubiquitination and histone H3 methylation. The PD2 sequence is highly conserved from Drosophila to humans with up to 98% identity between rodent and human, suggesting the functional importance of PD2/hPaf1 to maintain cellular homeostasis. PD2 is a modular protein composed of RNA recognition motif, DEAD-boxes, an aspartic/serine (DS)-domain, a regulator of the chromosome condensation domain and myc-type helix–loop–helix domains. Our results further showed that PD2 is a nuclear 80 kDa protein, which interacts with RNA polymerase II. In addition, we have demonstrated that the overexpression of PD2 in the NIH 3T3 cells result in enhanced growth rates in vitro and tumor formation in vivo. Altogether, this paper presents strong evidence that the overexpression of PD2/hPaf1 is involved in cancer development.
Molecular and Ultrastructural Analysis of a Nonchromosomal Variegated Mutant (Tomato Mitochondrial Mutants That Cause Abnormal Leaf Development)

Mutants were recovered in a population of cybrids formed following protoplast fusion between tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cv UC82 and Lycopersicon pennellii Corr. The cybrids were identified as individuals with recombinant cytoplasmic genomes but only tomato nuclear genomes. The mutants were identified based on two features, a variegated sectoring of light and dark green regions on their leaves, stems, and fruit, and reduced growth in the field. The mutants produced 50% of the shoot fresh weight and 20% of the fruit fresh weight of the parental type, UC82. The variegated sectoring was maternally inherited. The chloroplast genome in the mutants was indistinguishable from the chloroplast genome in UC82, when distribution of restriction endonuclease sites was used as an assay. The mitochondrial genome in the mutants, however, was recombinant, containing genes from UC82 and L. pennellii. Light microscopic analysis of the leaves of the mutants demonstrated an absence of the palisade layer in the variegated sectors. Electron microscopic analysis of these same regions demonstrated an absence of normal inner membranes in the mitochondria of these cells.
Matching of stereo image pairs for industrial vision systems

A matching technique for stereo images which uses the Fourier transform for disparity estimation in a robot workspace environment is presented. The method consists of three phases. The first is a disparity estimation process which makes use of the shifting property of the Fourier transform. The second is a guided feature matching technique which selects the corners as feature points. The third is a local matching procedure that uses the corner matching results. The final output of the method is a disparity map corresponding to the matched points. The results show that the method produces accurate and dense disparity maps in a robust workspace environment. >
An Unique Anchialine Pool in the Hawaiian Islands

The Sailor's Hat crater was artificially formed on the south coast of Kaho'olawe Island in 1965 with explosives. The explosion formed a crater about 50 m from the shoreline, which penetrates the watertable to a 5 m depth. The pool at the bottom of the crater meets the criteria of an anchialine pond because it shows tidal fluctuation, has measurable salinity, and lacks surface connections to the sea. The water chemistry of this pool is similar to the ocean except silica is elevated and salinity is slightly depressed suggesting a small groundwater influence. The fauna is dominated by waterboatmen, an endemic shrimp and tubeworm, polychaetes, amphipods, an ostracod, gastropod, solitary ectoproct, anemone, flatworm and sponge. The atyid shrimp, Halocaridina rubra, is a characteristic species of Hawaiian anchialine systems and probably colonized this 32-year old pool by active migration via the watertable. Colonization by the remaining fauna may have occurred by storm surf (for marine species) or with the wind. Most predators are unable to inhabit anchialine ponds because of difficult access due to physical barriers, or to unsuitable ecological conditions. The anchialine habitat and life history strategy of the atyid shrimp have probably been important influences on the adaptative success of H. rubra in the Hawaiian Islands. and may be important characteristics of hypogeal anchialine species elsewhere.
DNA Damage and Repair in Human Skin In Situ

Understanding the molecular and cellular origins of sunlight-induced skin cancers in man requires knowledge of the damages inflicted on human skin during sunlight exposure, as well as the ability of cells in skin to repair or circumvent such damage. Although repair has been studied extensively in procaryotic and eucaryotic cells—including human cells in culture—there are important differences between repair by human skin cells in culture and human skin in situ: quantitative differences in rates of repair (B. Sutherland et al., 1980; D’Ambrosio et al., 1981a), as well as qualitative differences, including the presence or absence of repair mechanisms (B. Sutherland et al., 1980; D’Ambrosio et al., 1981b).
Single-fraction radiosurgery for presumed intracranial meningiomas: efficacy and complications from a 22-year experience.

Purpose To define the rate of tumor control and factors associated with radiation-related complications after single-fraction radiosurgery (SRS) for patients with imaging defined intracranial meningiomas. Materials and Methods Retrospective review of 251 patients (192 women, 59 men) having SRS for imaging-defined intracranial meningiomas between 1990 and 2008. Excluded were patients with radiation-induced tumors, meningiomatosis, or neurofibromatosis. The mean patient age was 58.6 ± 13.4 years. The majority of tumors involved the skull base/tentorium ( n = 210, 83.7%). The mean treatment volume was 7.7 ± 6.2 cm 3 ; the mean tumor margin dose was 15.8 ± 2.0 Gy. Follow-up (mean, 62.9 ± 43.9 months) was censored at last evaluation ( n = 224), death ( n = 22), or tumor resection ( n = 5). Results No patient died from tumor progression or radiation-related complications. Tumor size decreased in 181 patients (72.1%) and was unchanged in 67 patients (26.7%). Three patients (1.2%) had in-field tumor progression noted at 28, 145, and 150 months, respectively. No patient had a marginal tumor progression. The 3- and 10-year local control rate was 99.4%. One patient had distant tumor progression at 105 months and underwent repeat SRS. Thirty-one patients (12.4%) had either temporary ( n = 8, 3.2%) or permanent ( n = 23, 9.2%) symptomatic radiation-related complications including cranial nerve deficits ( n = 14), headaches ( n = 5), hemiparesis ( n = 5), new/worsened seizure ( n = 4), cyst-formation ( n = 1), hemifacial spasm ( n = 1), and stroke ( n = 1). The 1- and 5-year complication rates were 8.3% and 11.5%, respectively. Radiation-related complications were associated with convexity/falx tumors (HR = 2.8, 95% CI 1.3–6.1, p = 0.009) and increasing tumor volume (HR = 1.05, 95% CI 1.0–1.1, p = 0.04) on multivariate analysis. No patient developed a radiation-induced tumor. Conclusions Single-fraction SRS at the used dose range provides a high rate of tumor control for patients with imaging defined intracranial meningiomas. However, treatment failures were noted after 10 years emphasizing the need for long-term imaging follow-up after meningioma SRS.
Polygyny in thief ants responds to competition and nest limitation but not food resources

Colonies of ants often house multiple queens, and variation in polygyny often tracks environmental conditions. Three hypotheses have been proposed to describe how environmental variation may account for the degree of polygyny: competition, food limitation and nest limitation. Here I evaluate these hypotheses with studies on litter-nesting thief ants (Solenopsis spp.) throughout a lowland tropical rain forest in Costa Rica. In one component, I measured how polygyny varied across a broad environmental gradient demonstrating substantial variation in resources and competition. In a second component, I manipulated the abundance of food, the spatial presentation of food and the availability of nesting space to assess the effects on queen number. The degree of polygyny increased with nest limitation and competition, but there was no indication that colonies produce queens to capitalize on food availability. The increase in queen number in response to the density of competitors suggests that an increase in queen number enhances exploitative abilities.
Freezing Qualities of Raw Ovine Milk for Further Processing

Abstract Raw whole ovine (sheep) milk was frozen at −15°C and −27°C and microbiological and physico-chemical properties were evaluated periodically. Total bacteria decreased at a faster rate in milk stored at −15 than at −27°C. Acid degree values for milk stored at −15°C were significantly higher than that stored at _27°C. Samples stored at −15°C exhibited protein destabilization after 6 mo of storage, while those stored at −27°C were stable throughout the 12-mo storage period. Frozen ovine milk was evaluated in several products including cheese, yogurt, and whey protein concentrates. Products produced from milk frozen at −27°C exhibited good sensory and functional characteristics. Ovine whey showed a higher proportion of β -lactoglobulin, about the same proportion of α -lactalbumin and lower proportions of serum albumin and immunoglobulin than bovine whey. Ovine whey protein concentrate showed significantly better foam overrun, foam stability, and gel strength than bovine or caprine whey protein concentrates.
Disability Income: Voluntary Employment-Based Plans

According to a recent survey, employers' direct costs for disability coverage (defined as payments or premiums for workers' compensation, sick pay, and short-term and long-term disability plans) were 6.3 percent of payroll in 1999. Indirect costs of disability (defined as costs for overtime, replacement workers needed when an employee is out on disability, and workstation accommodations) totaled 8 percent of payroll. Indirect costs were growing at a faster rate than direct costs in 1999. This article discusses types of voluntary plans that employers are offering and the percentages of workers who are participating in them.
Chapter 8 - Extraordinary Sources of Jewish Law: the Example of Capital Punishment

Most Jewish law scholarship, especially that which is published in English, focuses on only one of Jewish law’s criminal law enforcement systems, namely, the operation of the rabbinic court system pursuant to the rules set forth in the Pentateuch, as interpreted in the Babylonian Talmud. In fact, this literature usually fails even to acknowledge the existence of the two other law enforcement systems: (1) enforcement by rabbinic courts functioning under their “extraordinary powers”; and (2) and enforcement by a Jewish king. These two systems vary enormously as to the procedural protections they provide and as to their practical consequences. Failing to examine them causes one to very seriously misunderstand how Jewish law functioned throughout history and paints a rather "Pollyanna-like" portrait of Jewish law.This submission constitutes Chapter 8 of my book, "Understanding Jewish Law," published by LexisNexis in June 2012. It explains the dramatic differences among these three criminal law enforcement systems and documents the pragmatic steps taken by rabbinic authorities responsible for providing a safe and stable social environment.
Doing It All: Reflections on Debra A. Pinals, MD, 39th President of AAPL

Is it really possible to do it all? The life and career of Dr. Debra Pinals seem to suggest that it is. Full disclosure: Debra has been my trainee, my fellow, my co-author, and my co-faculty member in the AAPL Forensic Review Course and is someone I love dearly. You must read this biography in that
Bound iron and unsaturated iron-binding capacity of serum; rapid and reliable quantitative determination.

Summary1. New, rapid, and reliable methods for determination of siderophilin-bound iron and of iron-free siderophilin in small amounts of sera or plasma have been devised. 2. Bound serum iron is determined by adjustment of serum sample with concentrated phosphate buffer to a pH value at which constituent proteins remain in solution but siderophilin-bound iron is wholly dissociated and available to combine with a suitable chromo-genic agent, (terpyridine). Ascorbic acid is used as the iron reductant. Iron-terpyridine complex in treated serum is measured by light absorption of a test solution at 552 mμ against a treated serum control minus terpyridine. A standard iron-terpyridine curve permits ready estimation of amount of iron in original serum sample. 3. The proposed method for determination of iron-free siderophilin, or unsaturated iron-binding capacity of serum (UIBC), involves addition to serum of iron in excess of that capable of being bound, followed by direct analysis of serum sample with terpyridin...
The Effects of Moral Emotional Traits on Workplace Bullying Perpetration

This study investigates the role of “moral” emotional traits—guilt proneness, shame proneness, empathic concern, and perspective taking—as predictors of workplace bullying perpetration. We also test and find support for a model derived from moral emotions literature and the sociometer theory of self-esteem in which the tendency to take reparative action following interpersonal transgressions mediates the buffering effect of guilt proneness on bullying. Data were obtained from working MBA students and advanced undergraduates during 2 survey sessions, 4 to 6 weeks apart. Findings indicate that moral emotional traits may be useful to consider in personnel selection as a means to reduce workplace bullying.
Correlation between-173 G/C Gene Polymorphism of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor and Henoch-Schonlein Purpura Nephritis

Objective To explore the correlation between-173G/C gene polymorphism of macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF) and Henoch-Schonlein purpura(HSP),Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis(HSPN) in children in Jiangxi Province.Methods One hundred and thirty-one ethnic Han children with HSP were enrolled,including 80 children with concurrent nephritis(HSPN group) and 51 children without nephritis(HSP without nephritis group).One hundred and five healthy children were used as the healthy control group.Germline DNA was extracted from peripheral blood by Promega blood genomic DNA kit.Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) was used for genotyping the-173G/C polymorphism of MIF.Genotype distribution and allele frequencies were obtained by direct counting.Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 11.5 software.Allele and genotype distribution were compared by using the chi-square test.The relative risk of allele was described by odds ratios(OR) and 95% confidence intervals(95%CI).Results Three genotypes(GG,GC,CC) were detected in MIF-173 G/C.GG,GC genotypes were detected in HSP without nephritis and healthy control group.GG,GC and CC genotypes were detected in HSPN group.Mutant genotype(37.5%) and C allele frequency(20.0%) in HSPN group were significantly higher than those in healthy control group(20.0% and 10.0%,respectively)(χ2=6.964,7.400,Pa0.01).Conclusions MIF-173G/C gene polymorphism may be associated with the development of HSPN,C allele may be a susceptible gene of HSPN.
Intraoperative coronary angioscopy. Technique and results in the initial 58 patients.

Coronary angioscopy provides images of intravascular detail with greater than 0.2 nun spatial resolution and excellent contrast resolution. Using endoscopes of 1.25 to 1.8 mm outer diameter, we performed intraoperative angioscopy of the coronary arteries or saphenous vein grafts, or both, in 58 patients. Eighty-one native coronary arteries and 43 vein grafts were examined. A clear viewing field was created by infusion of crystalloid cardioplegic solution through the aortic root during cardiopulmonary bypass. Technical details crucial for obtaining high-quality images were as follows: (1) sufficient coronary perfusion by cardioplegic solution to displace all blood; (2) adequate intraluminal illumination; and (3) high-quality fiberoptic and tens systems. Incomplete studies in approximately 14 % of patients were related to failure to achieve these technical details and lack of scope steerability. In 30% of patients, previously unrecognized anatomic details were revealed by angioscopy. These included intimal flaps at the site of vein-to-artery anastomoses, atheromatous plaques with adherent thrombi, and hemorrhagic ulcerated plaques, not recognized on angiography. Although a coronary intimal flap developed proximal to the anastomosis during retrograde examination in two patients, no serious complications occurred as a result of the procedure. We conclude that intraoperative angioscopy is safe, provides novel information that may be clinically relevant, and has future potential for development of the techniques for coronary endarterectomy and intraoperative balloon and laser angioplasty.
“Behold this Creature’s form and State”: Katherine Philips and the Early Ascendancy

ABSTRACTThis essay proposes an explanation for the shift in Katherine Philips’s work after the Restoration: she moved to Dublin. In the Dublin of the early 1660s, Philips found herself in what Mary Louise Pratt calls a “contact zone”. With a large domesticated but physically imposing animal, Philips hit on a metaphor for a new relationship between Ireland and Britain. “The Irish Greyhound” embodies this new relationship and reflects her ability to build relationships between the two islands. In this way, she took an “archipelagic” approach to English literature, avant la lettre, and she has recently been recuperated in these terms by John Kerrigan, Marie-Louise Coolahan, Sarah Prescott and others. Philips’s poetry formed part of the process of finding a new vocabulary for inter-island understanding. Although she wrote poems and letters about the leading families of contemporary Dublin, her “shaggy dog” poem has the advantage of being legible without decoding noms de plume or the political standing of her ...
Natural migration rates of trees: Global terrestrial carbon cycle implications

Migration of populations or species of trees (‘tree migration’) in response to climate change is of interest both to palaeoecologists who assess past vegetational responses to climate change, and to global ecologists concerned with future climate change induced by increasing greenhouse gases (GHGs). A major difference between climate-driven tree migrations in prehistory and those expected in the future is the high speed of the latter climate change. The 4–6 km which temperate-zone July isotherms are predicted to move northward annually (Solomon et al. 1984) are about an order of magnitude more rapid than prehistoric rates deduced from palaeoecological evidence. Assuming prehistoric rates of warming matched the rate of tree migration (T Webb 1986; Prentice et al. 1991), fossil pollen data allow inference of 400 m yr-1 (Davis 1983) to 800 m yr-1 (Gear & Huntley 1991) of climate change and tree migration at most. The rate may be even slower if tree migration includes the establishment and maturity of the tree population (Bennett 1986) as well as the processes of seed transport, establishment, growth and seed production, normally defined as migration (e.g. Davis 1989; MacDonald et al. 1993).
Relationship Contexts as Sources of Socialization: An Exploration of Intimate Partner Violence Experiences of Economically Disadvantaged African American Adolescents

Intimate partner violence (IPV) among African Americans is a serious public health concern. Research suggest that African Americans adolescents, particularly those from economically disadvantaged communities, are at heightened risk for experiencing and perpetrating dating violence compared to youth from other racial and ethnic groups. In the present study, we examined different relationship contexts that are sources of IPV socialization. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 economically disadvantaged African American adolescents. Content analysis yielded five relationship contexts through which the participants witnessed, experienced, and perpetrated IPV: (a) adolescents’ own dating relationships (64%), (b) siblings and extended family members (e.g., cousins, aunts, uncles) (59%), (c) parent-partners (27%), (d) friends (23%), and (e) neighbors (18%). Adolescents also frequently described IPV in their own dating relationships and in parent-partner relationships as mutual. Moreover, they appeared to minimize the experience of IPV in their own relationships. Efforts to reduce rates of IPV among economically disadvantaged African American adolescents should consider these relational contexts through which adolescents are socialized with regards to IPV and adolescents’ beliefs about mutual violence in relationships. Results highlight the importance of culturally relevant prevention and intervention programs that consider these relationship contexts.
Glossa — A Formal Language as a Mapping Mechanism of NL Sentences into SPN State Machine for Actions/Events Association

Natural Language Understanding (NLU) is an old and really challenging field with a variety of research work published on it. In this paper we present a formal language methodology based on a state machine for efficiently representing natural language events/actions and their associations in well-written documents. The methodology consists of the following steps. We firstly apply Anaphora Resolution (AR) to the pre-processing natural language text. Then we extract the kernel(s) of each sentence. These kernels are formally represented using a formal language, (Glossa) to map the language expressions (kernels) into Stochastic Petri Nets (SPN) graphs. Finally we apply a set of rules to combine the SPN graphs in order to achieve the associations of actions/events in time. Special emphasis of this paper is the mapping of kernels of NL sentences into SPN graphs. Note that this work does not cover all the aspects of the NLU. Examples of SPN graphs of different NL texts, produced by our proposed methodology are given.
Direct method for analyzing the stability of neutral type LTI-time delayed systems

Abstract A new paradigm is presented for assessing the stability posture of a general class of linear time invariant - neutral time delayed systems (LTI-NTDS). Unlike peer techniques, this novel method, called the Direct Method, offers a number of unique features: It returns exact bounds of time delay for stability including separated stability pockets: beyond that it gives the number of unstable characteristic roots of the system in an explicit function of time delay, τ. As a direct consequence of the latter feature, it creates exclusively all possible stability intervals of τ. Furthermore it is shown that the Direct Method inherently enforces a very popular necessary condition for the stabilizability of LTI-NTDS. In the core of the approach lies the strength of Rekasius transformation, which maps (exactly) the transcendental characteristic equation of LTI-NTDS into an equivalent rational polynomial form. In addition to the above listed unmatched characteristics of the Direct Method we also demonstrate that it can tackle systems with unstable starting posture for τ = 0, only to stabilize it for higher values of delay, which is rather unique in the literature.
Fission-induced recrystallization effect on intergranular bubble-driven swelling in U-Mo fuel

Abstract We have developed a mesoscale phase-field model for studying the effect of recrystallization on gas-bubble-driven swelling in irradiated U-Mo alloy fuel. The model can simulate the microstructural evolution of the intergranular gas bubbles on the grain boundaries as well as the recrystallization process. Our simulation results show that the intergranular gas-bubble-induced fuel swelling exhibits two stages: slow swelling kinetics before recrystallization and rapid swelling kinetics with recrystallization. We observe that the recrystallization can significantly expedite the formation and growth of gas bubbles at high fission densities. The reason is that the recrystallization process increases the nucleation probability of gas bubbles and reduces the diffusion time of fission gases from grain interior to grain boundaries by increasing the grain boundary area and decreasing the diffusion distance. The simulated gas bubble shape, size distribution, and density on the grain boundaries are consistent with experimental measurements. We investigate the effect of the recrystallization on the gas-bubble-driven fuel swelling in U-Mo through varying the initial grain size and grain aspect ratio. We conclude that the initial microstructure of fuel can be used to effectively control the recrystallization and therefore reduce the swelling in U-Mo fuel.
Data Structures and Algorithms

Niklaus Wirth, the creator of Pascal, Modula-2, and more recently, Oberon, once wrote a book entitled Data Structures + Algorithms = Programs. A key idea of that book is that data structures and algorithms must work together to produce a result. Further, the thesis is proposed that data structures and algorithms must be developed together, and, using modern languages, should be packaged together as a unit of functionality.
The Bible in American Life, edited by Philip Goff, Arthur E. Farnsley II, and Peter J. Thuesen, New York, Oxford University Press, 2017, xxii + 434 pp., US$34.95 (paperback), ISBN 978 0 1904 6892 7

Jesus says you’ll get salvation / If you just keep on waitin’ and readin' the same book / Over and over again. (Old 97's, ‘Jesus Loves You’)Philip Goff, Arthur E. Farnsley II, and Peter J. Thuesen ...
Queer kinks and the arc of justice: meditations on failure, persistence, and public education

ABSTRACTThe Trump administration has quickly rescinded some of the limited protections made available to some gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people – for example employment protecti...
First Report of Citrus viroid V Naturally Infecting Grapefruit and Calamondin Trees in California.

The Citrus Clonal Protection Program–National Clean Plant Network, University of California, Riverside (UCR), received citrus budwood samples in June 2016 from the California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) for virus and viroid testing under the mandatory California (CA) §3701 Citrus Nursery Stock Pest Cleanliness Program. Samples originated from nonsymptomatic budwood sources, two redblush grapefruit (RG) (Citrus paradisi Macfadyen) and four variegated calamondin (VC) (C. madurensis Lour.), and were found in a nursery in Tulare County, CA. TRIzol-extracted RNA was tested with a SYBR green I reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) for the universal detection of citrus viroids (Osman et al. 2017). Amplicons with melting temperatures similar to the Citrus viroid V (CVd-V) control (Vidalakis and Wang 2013) were produced in 50% of the RG and 25% of the VC samples. Citron (C. medica L.) Arizona 861-S-1 indicators were graft-inoculated with RG and VC blind buds (two citrons each) and maintained under warm greenhouse conditions (27 to 41°C). By 8 months, all citrons had developed mild stunting and leaf bending coupled with midvein necrosis, indicative of viroid infection. Sequential polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the symptomatic citrons identified circular and linear viroid-like RNAs with electrophoretic mobility similar to CVd-V. RT-PCR with primers specific for the full CVd-V genome (Wang et al. 2013) produced amplicons of the expected size of 294 bp from both the RG and VC samples and from the four indicator citrons. Cloning and sequencing of the RT-PCR CVd-V amplicons produced complete viroid genome sequences (GenBank MF477857 to MF477876). The RG isolates (MF477857 to MF477866) had 99% similarity with the KM isolate (JQ348924, Pakistan), with one nucleotide change (A₆₅ > U). The VC isolates (MF477867 to MF477876) had 99% similarity with the MO isolate (JQ348925, Pakistan), with two nucleotide changes (G₆₉ > A and A₂₅₁ > U). To further test the infectivity of the identified viroid, RNA extracts from the RG and VC graft-inoculated citrons were slash-inoculated onto four new citrons budded on rough lemon (C. jambhiri Lush.) rootstock. All citrons developed symptoms, and CVd-V was identified with RT-PCR, cloning, and sequencing. The CVd-V identification results were independently verified by CDFA’s Plant Pest Diagnostic Center, and the original source trees were destroyed. CVd-V was first reported in Spain (Serra et al. 2008a) and has been detected in various samples including a source from UCR, but the source of the UCR field material was not recorded (Serra et al. 2008b). This note reports the natural occurrence of CVd-V in CA and corroborates the CVd-VCᴬ variant report from the UCR source (Serra et al. 2008b). This note also demonstrates the importance of regulatory testing of propagative materials and elimination of infected citrus germplasm source trees to prevent the spread of viroids into commercial citrus.
Keratinocyte Transglutaminase: Regulation and Release

Recent improvements in the serial culture of keratinocytes (Rheinwald, 1980; Allen-Hoffman and Rheinwald, 1984) now permit detailed analysis of the differentiation program in this cell type (Green, 1979). To study the program at a molecular level requires identification and characterization of specific marker proteins, regulation of whose synthesis and utilization are important in the cell function. In addition to the high content of keratin (and related cytoskeletal elements), the intracellular transglutaminase is responsible in part for the distinctive structural cohesiveness of mature squames. Thus, a critical feature of terminal differentiation is the formation of an envelope of cross-linked protein immediately beneath the plasma membrane, a transglutaminase-mediated process carried out by keratinocytes in culture (Sun and Green, 1976; Green, 1977; Rice and Green, 1977 and 1978). The cross-linking is elicited by elevation of calcium ion available to the enzyme and results in utilization of involucrin (Rice and Green, 1979; Simon and Green, 1985) and several other protein substrates (Simon and Green, 1984).
HIERARCHICAL SEGMENTATION OF RANGE AND COLOR IMAGE BASED ON BAYESIAN DECISION THEORY

This paper describes recent work on hierarchical segmentation of registered color and range images. The algorithm starts with an initial partition of small first order regions using a robust fitting method constrained by the detection of depth and orientation discontinuities in the range signal and color edges in the color signal. The algorithm then optimally group these regions into larger and larger regions until an approximation limit is reached. The algorithm uses Bayesian decision theory to determine the local optimal grouping and the complexity of the models used to represent the range and color signals. Experimental results are presented.
Mesh generation for implicit geometries

We present new techniques for generation of unstructured meshes for geometries specified by implicit functions. An initial mesh is iteratively improved by solving for a force equilibrium in the element edges, and the boundary nodes are projected using the implicit geometry definition. Our algorithm generalizes to any dimension and it typically produces meshes of very high quality. We show a simplified version of the method in just one page of MATLAB code, and we describe how to improve and extend our implementation. Prior to generating the mesh we compute a mesh size function to specify the desired size of the elements. We have developed algorithms for automatic generation of size functions, adapted to the curvature and the feature size of the geometry. We propose a new method for limiting the gradients in the size function by solving a non-linear partial differential equation. We show that the solution to our gradient limiting equation is optimal for convex geometries, and we discuss efficient methods to solve it numerically. The iterative nature of the algorithm makes it particularly useful for moving meshes, and we show how to combine it with the level set method for applications in fluid dynamics, shape optimization, and structural deformations. It is also appropriate for numerical adaptation; where the previous mesh is used to represent the size function and as the initial mesh for the refinements. Finally, we show how to generate meshes for regions in images by using implicit representations. (Copies available exclusively from MIT Libraries, Rm. 14-0551, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307. Ph. 617-253-5668; Fax 617-253-1690.)
Insulin and the Liver

This chapter focuses on insulin and liver. The liver has a central role in metabolic regulation. It can form glycogen from glucose and it can synthesize glucose from three carbon precursors or glycogen and liberate it into the blood; it can synthesize fatty acids from carbohydrate or amino acid moieties, or break down the fatty acids reaching it from peripheral adipose tissue into ketone bodies; it can synthesize protein or degrade it to precursors of carbohydrate or fatty acids; and perhaps most important of all, it undergoes, in response to hormones, changes in the enzymatic machinery which carries out these processes. In the severe diabetic, there is evidence of failure of normal liver function, particularly with respect to synthesis and break­down of fat. Administration of insulin to such animals allows repair of the hepatic deficiencies, this correction requiring some hours. Direct stimulation of fatty acid synthesis in normal rat liver slices and of amino acid incorporation into protein in mildly diabetic rat livers have been obtained.
Congenital tracheal stenosis: what should we look at for successful tracheoplasty?

Congenital tracheal stenosis (CTS) is often described as a rare but life-threatening condition. The reported incidence in one study was 1 in 6,400 live births (1); however, the true incidence is unclear because many infants with CTS may die without a diagnosis.