cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Privacy risk in anonymized heterogeneous information networks

Anonymized user datasets are often released for research or industry applications. As an example, t.qq.com released its anonymized users’ profile, social interaction, and recommendation log data in KDD Cup 2012 to call for recommendation algorithms. Since the entities (users and so on) and edges (links among entities) are of multiple types, the released social network is a heterogeneous information network. Prior work has shown how privacy can be compromised in homogeneous information networks by the use of specific types of graph patterns. We show how the extra information derived from heterogeneity can be used to relax these assumptions. To characterize and demonstrate this added threat, we formally define privacy risk in an anonymized heterogeneous information network to identify the vulnerability in the possible way such data are released, and further present a new de-anonymization attack that exploits the vulnerability. Our attack successfully de-anonymized most individuals involved in the data—for an anonymized 1,000user t.qq.com network of density 0.01, the attack precision is over 90% with a 2.3-million-user auxiliary network.
Abstract W MP96: The Role of Thrombin in Hydrocephalus after Intraventricular Hemorrhage

Background: Hydrocephalus after intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a common and major complication that causes clinical deterioration and affects recovery. The mechanisms of hydrocephalus are still not clear. Previous studies demonstrated that thrombin is an important factor in brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage. This study investigated the effect of thrombin on hydrocephalus development in a rat IVH model. Methods: There were three parts in this study. First, male Sprague-Dawley rats had an injection of 200μl saline, autologous blood or heparinized blood into the right lateral ventricle and had MRI scanning to determine lateral ventricle size at different times up to 4 weeks. Second, rats had an injection of 50μl saline or 3U thrombin into the right lateral ventricle. Third, rats had an injection of thrombin (3U) with a protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) antagonist, SCH79797 (0.15 nmol), or vehicle into the right lateral ventricle. Lateral ventricle volumes were measured by MRI and the brains were used for immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis at 24 hours. Results: Intraventricular injection of autologous blood induced hydrocephalus from day-1 to -28. Co-injection of heparin with blood resulted in less hydrocephalus at all time points compared with blood injection alone (p<0.05). Intraventricular injection of thrombin, but not saline induced significant hydrocephalus, ventricular wall damage, blood-brain barrier disruption, and PAR-1 upregulation in the periventricular area. Thrombin-induced hydrocephalus was reduced by co-injection of the PAR-1 antagonist SCH79797 (p<0.05). Conclusions: Thrombin contributes to hydrocephalus development after intraventricular hemorrhage and thrombin-induced hydrocephalus is through activation of PAR-1.
WebGIS in Education

Web-based GIS or WebGIS is powerful mapping and analytical functionality expressed within a web browser. Today, webGIS comes in many forms from consumer navigational maps to versatile location analytics tools that allow for user-directed analysis and content discovery. With nearly two decades of development history, webGIS tools are rapidly amassing strength, precision, and speed – in some cases, surpassing the capacities of basic desktop GIS applications. The inclusion of real-time data from sensor networks, social media, and the larger GIS community can extend WebGIS-based instruction to every learner. Because of the increased power and customization, webGIS can now better support learning standards-oriented content in the natural and social sciences. No longer is it necessary to teach learners how to use GIS before teaching the disciplinary content of interest.
Progress in LIBS Analysis for Military Applications: Explosives Detection

LIBS has a variety of intrinsic characteristics that make it a very attractive sensor technology for military applications. These attributes include: an ability to detect all elements at high sensitivity; a capability for field-portable, real-time, and in-situ analysis; and the ability to undertake both point and standoff detection. The Army Research Laboratory has been engaged in LIBS analysis for over a decade and recently has been investigating the potential to apply broadband LIBS analysis to specific military problems.
Laboratory-acquired dengue virus infection by needlestick injury: a case report, South Korea, 2014

Dengue fever is one of the most dominant vector-borne diseases, putting approximately 3.9 billion people at risk worldwide. While it is generally vector-borne, other routes of transmission such as needlestick injury are possible. Laboratory workers can be exposed to dengue virus transcutaneously by needlestick injury. This is the first case, to our knowledge, of dengue virus infection by needlestick injury in a laboratory environment. This paper evaluates the risk and related health concerns of laboratory workers exposed to dengue virus. We evaluated a 30-year-old female laboratory worker exposed to the dengue virus by needlestick injury while conducting virus filtering. During admission, she showed symptoms of fever, nausea, myalgia, and a characteristic maculopapular rash with elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) of 235 IU/L and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) of 269 IU/L. She had been diagnosed by a positive nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) antigen (Ag) rapid test one day prior to symptom onset along with positive immunoglobulin M (IgM) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on the ninth day of symptom onset. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), also conducted on the ninth day, was negative. After proper symptomatic treatment, she recovered without any sequelae. As a result of thorough epidemiologic investigation, it was determined that she had tried to recap the needle during the virus filtering procedure and a subsequent needlestick injury occurred. In the context of health promotion of laboratory workers, we suggest that the laboratory biosafety manual be revised and reinforced, and related prevention measures be implemented. Furthermore, health authorities and health care providers in Korea should be fully informed of proper dengue fever management.
Dream Chaser On-Orbit Operations: Preliminary Trajectory Design and Analysis

Under NASA’s Commercial Crew Development (CCDev) program, Sierra Nevada Corporation (SNC) secured the initial funding to develop and demonstrate capabilities for commercial human spaceflight services. The vehicle designed to provide human transportation to and from Low Earth Orbit (LEO) is the Dream Chaser spacecraft. With the subcontracted support of Draper Laboratory and Boeing, Sierra Nevada Corporation has successfully completed the Phase 1 development of the Dream Chaser design. This paper presents details regarding the preliminary on-orbit trajectory design and analysis.
Power of Art History and Canonization of Art

The selection of art work is a key link in the process of canonization.From the perspective of cultural participation,this key link is reflected mainly by the writing of art history.For the intellectual elite,the selection of art work is an important means to highlight its cultural power.In this sense,art history is actually a cultural history which is constantly being rewritten and reconstructed.Canonization of art is not only a process of internal culling,but also a process of power game in a complex cultural context.Because of this,we must distinguish between canon of art and canon of art history,and be aware of the cultural complexity hidden in the process of canonization of art.
Sleep Rhythmicity in Premature Infants: Implications For Developmental Status

Ultradian and diurnal rhythms in premature infants were investigated by assessing cyclicity of quiet sleep (QS) and the diurnal distribution of this cyclicity. The sleep of 49 preterm infants was recorded in the hospital for three successive 24-hour periods at 36 weeks conceptional age (CA), and 42 of the infants were recorded in the home for two 24-hour periods when they were 6 months old. Sleep was recorded nonintrusively by means of the motility monitoring system, which does not require instrumentation of the subject. Cyclicity was assessed using a procedure that permits assessment of significance as well as degree of cyclicity. Twenty of the 49 infants at the preterm age and 37 of the 42 infants at 6 months had sleep episodes with significant cyclicity. Mean cyclicity scores increased from 0.61 to 0.81 over age, but the cycle length of approximately 60 minutes did not change. There was no evidence for individual consistency across the two ages in any of the sleep or cyclicity measures. Evidence for diurnal differences was present from the preterm period. At both ages, there were far more analyzable sleep episodes and higher cyclicity at night. At the preterm period, cyclicity measures were negatively related to indices of advanced perinatal status as well as 6-month mental scores ; at 6 months, the cyclicity measures were positively related to perinatal measures as well as mental scores. These results indicate the necessity for different interpretations of periodicity at the preterm and later age. When the QS and active sleep (AS) components of the sleep cycle were examined, QS was not found to be related to mental scores at either age ; whereas, the AS component was related to mental scores at both ages-but negatively at the preterm age and positively at 6 months. The results indicate that AS, in this context, is an indicator of more general neurobehavioral competence, but in reverse directions at the two ages. These results suggest that different regulatory processes are controlling the temporal sequencing of states over the developmental course. It is proposed that preterm cyclicity is a response to ongoing stress in the preterm infants, while cyclicity at 6 months reflects more directly central neural competence. Key-Words : Infants- Sleep rhythmicity-Premature infants-Quiet sleep-Active sleep.
Employment of polyethylene suture in the Shirodkar operation as a temporary procedure

Abstract 1. 1. Six cases of the temporary employment of a polyethylene catheter in a Shirodkartype procedure with removal of the suture at term are reviewed. 2. 2. In all 6 “temporary Shirodkar” procedures, surviving infants were delivered. 3. 3. The employment of a polyethylene catheter in a Shirodkar manner with removal of the catheter at term or with the onset of labor, and subsequent vaginal delivery is advocated.
A Model of Shareholder Litigation as a Determinant of a Firm's Financial Policies

The option to file a lawsuit against an entrepreneur encourages shareholders to fund projects and to retain entrepreneurs. An entrepreneur, at risk of a lawsuit filing, may save cash as a precautionary measure. When cash accumulates and a lawsuit filing does not occur, an entrepreneur increases investment in hopes of superior future performance. But if future performance wanes notwithstanding, shareholders then file a lawsuit against their entrepreneur. When cash is limited, debt may act as an alternative precautionary measure against a lawsuit filing. In summary, shareholder litigation risk can increase cash, investment, and debt.
Casimir force phase transitions in the graphene family.

The Casimir force is a universal interaction induced by electromagnetic quantum fluctuations between any types of objects. The expansion of the graphene family by adding silicene, germanene and stanene (2D allotropes of Si, Ge, and Sn), lends itself as a platform to probe Dirac-like physics in honeycomb staggered systems in such a ubiquitous interaction. We discover Casimir force phase transitions between these staggered 2D materials induced by the complex interplay between Dirac physics, spin-orbit coupling and externally applied fields. In particular, we find that the interaction energy experiences different power law distance decays, magnitudes and dependences on characteristic physical constants. Furthermore, due to the topological properties of these materials, repulsive and quantized Casimir interactions become possible. The Casimir force is a ubiquitous interaction arising from electromagnetic quantum fluctuations. Here, the authors uncover the underlying physics governing Casimir force phase transitions in staggered 2D materials in the graphene family.
Parametric bootstrapping for biological sequence motifs

Biological sequence motifs drive the specific interactions of proteins and nucleic acids. Accordingly, the effective computational discovery and analysis of such motifs is a central theme in bioinformatics. Many practical questions about the properties of motifs can be recast as random sampling problems. In this light, the task is to determine for a given motif whether a certain feature of interest is statistically unusual among relevantly similar alternatives. Despite the generality of this framework, its use has been frustrated by the difficulties of defining an appropriate reference class of motifs for comparison and of sampling from it effectively. We define two distributions over the space of all motifs of given dimension. The first is the maximum entropy distribution subject to mean information content, and the second is the truncated uniform distribution over all motifs having information content within a given interval. We derive exact sampling algorithms for each. As a proof of concept, we employ these sampling methods to analyze a broad collection of prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription factor binding site motifs. In addition to positional information content, we consider the informational Gini coefficient of the motif, a measure of the degree to which information is evenly distributed throughout a motif’s positions. We find that both prokaryotic and eukaryotic motifs tend to exhibit higher informational Gini coefficients (IGC) than would be expected by chance under either reference distribution. As a second application, we apply maximum entropy sampling to the motif p-value problem and use it to give elementary derivations of two new estimators. Despite the historical centrality of biological sequence motif analysis, this study constitutes to our knowledge the first use of principled null hypotheses for sequence motifs given information content. Through their use, we are able to characterize for the first time differerences in global motif statistics between biological motifs and their null distributions. In particular, we observe that biological sequence motifs show an unusual distribution of IGC, presumably due to biochemical constraints on the mechanisms of direct read-out.
Acute Paraplegia Secondary to Brown Tumor

Brown tumor is a lytic bone tumor caused by hyperparathyroidism, either primary or secondary. Synonyms: osteoclastoma, osteitis fibrocystica, Engel-vonRecklinghausen.
Boundary flux estimates for elliptic problems by the perturbed variational method

In this note we show that high order accurate approximations to the boundary flux are readily obtained by use of certain extrapolation process in the perturbed variational principle. QuasioptimalL2 estimates for the error are obtained. Numerical results are presented for a model problem.
Technical Note: Evaluation of plastic scintillator detector for small field stereotactic patient-specific quality assurance.

Purpose To evaluate the performance of a commercial plastic scintillator detector (PSD) for small-field stereotactic patient-specific quality assurance (QA) measurements using flattening-filter-free beam. Methods A total of ten spherical targets (volume range: [0.03cc-2cc]) were planned with two techniques: (1) Dynamic Conformal Arc (DCA-10 plans), and (2) Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT-10 plans). All plans were generated using Varian Eclipse treatment planning system, and AcurosXB v.13 algorithm in 1.0 mm grid size. Additionally, 14 previously-treated cranial and spine SRS plans were evaluated (6 DCA, 8 VMAT, volume range: [0.04cc-119.02cc]). Plan modulation was quantified via two metrics: MU per prescription dose (MU/Rx) and Average Leaf Pair Opening (ALPO). QA was performed on the Varian Edge linear accelerator equipped with HDMLC. Three detectors were used: (1) PinPoint ion chamber (PTW; active volume 0.015cc), (2) Exradin W1 PSD (Standard Imaging; active volume 0.002cc), and (3) Gafchromic EBT3 film (Ashland). PinPoint chamber and PSD were positioned perpendicular to beam axis in a Lucy phantom (Standard Imaging); films were placed horizontally capturing the coronal plane. Results PSD, film and PinPoint chamber measured average differences of 1.00±1.54%, 1.30±1.69%, and -0.66±2.36% respectively, compared to AcurosXB dose calculation. As the target volume decreased, PinPoint chamber measured lower doses (maximum -5.07% at 0.07cc target), while PSD and film measured higher doses (2.87% and 2.54% at 0.03cc target) than AcurosXB. Film agreed with the benchmark detector PSD by an average difference of 0.31±1.20%, but suffered from larger uncertainty; PinPoint chamber underestimated dose by more than 4% for targets smaller than 0.2cc. Taking PSD as the measurement standard, DCA plans achieved good QA results across all volumes studied, with an average difference of -0.07±0.89%; for VMAT plans, PSD measured consistently higher dose (1.95±1.36%) than AcurosXB. Correlation study revealed that plan modulation quantified by both MU/Rx and ALPO correlated significantly with QA results. Conclusion Among all three detectors, PSD demonstrated superior performances in plans with small fields and heavy modulation. High consistency and low uncertainty made PSD a suitable detector for clinical routine SRS QA. PinPoint chamber should be avoided for targets smaller than 0.2cc; film dosimetry can be utilized with careful evaluation of its uncertainty bracket. Compared to PSD measurements, AcurosXB calculation demonstrated high accuracy for non-modulated small fields. The positive correlation between plan modulation and QA discrepancy calls for our attention for clinical SRS plans with high modulation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Antibiotic Resistance — A Survey

The study of antibiotic resistance determinants is an active area of investigation that covers many aspects of plasmid biology. Thus, there is interest in, not only the biochemical mechanism by which the determinants express their resistance, but also in the distribution, origins and dissemination of resistance mechanisms. The problem of dissemination is particularly interesting since antibiotic resistance provides a convenient marker for the investigation of transposable elements. Parenthically, it should be added that plasmid-encoded resistance determinants are key components of all cloning vectors used in recombinant-DNA experimentation 1and “amp” and “tet” have become almost bywords in the field!
Der Wertbeitrag von Prozessflexibilität

Die Bedeutung von Flexibilitat im Allgemeinen wie auch von Prozessflexibilitat im Speziellen nimmt kontinuierlich zu, da sie versprechen, mit steigender Nachfragevielfalt und -unsicherheit umgehen zu konnen. In den letzten Jahren haben die Prozessmanagement- sowie die Produktions- und Operations- Management-Community zahlreiche Ansatze vorgeschlagen, um den Wertbeitrag von Prozessflexibilitat zu untersuchen und herauszufinden, wie sich ein angemessener Prozessflexibilitatsgrad bestimmen lasst. Die meisten dieser Ansatze sind jedoch recht restriktiv, was ihren Anwendungsbereich anbelangt, und vernachlassigen Eigenschaften der untersuchten Prozesse und deren Outputs, die uber Nachfrage und Kapazitat hinausgehen. Zudem wird Prozessflexibilitat nur selten einer umfassenden betriebswirtschaftlichen Analyse unterzogen. Die Autoren schlagen daher ein Optimierungsmodell vor, mit dessen Hilfe sich ein angemessener Prozessflexibilitatsgrad im Einklang mit den Prinzipien der wertorientierten Unternehmensfuhrung ermitteln lasst. Das Modell berucksichtigt Nachfrageunsicherheit, Nachfragevielfalt, Kritikalitat und Ahnlichkeit als Prozesseigenschaften. Sie berichten zudem uber Erkenntnisse, die sie bei der Anwendung des Optimierungsmodells auf die Umdeckungsprozesse eines Versicherungsmaklerpools gewonnen haben.
Caveolin-1 and Cancer-Associated Stromal Fibroblasts

For several years, breast cancer has been strictly studied with a focus on the epithelial cancer cells that constitute the tumor mass. As a result, inherited or acquired mutations of important tumor suppressors, such as p53 and BRCA1 (breast cancer 1), were discovered in epithelial cells and shown to predispose patients to the development of breast cancer [1]. However, only a small percentage of breast cancer cases can be explained by the presence of epithelial mutations. As such, changes in protein expression of several other markers have also been linked to breast cancer prognosis, such as HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2), estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), Bcl2 (B-cell lymphoma 2), and survivin, which are currently used for early diagnosis and therapeutic stratification [2, 3]. Despite the important contribution of epithelial cells to tumor initiation and progression, recent reports have shown that they function as part of a complex multifaceted entity with their adjacent neighboring stromal cells, the stroma. Indeed, several new lines of evidence demonstrate an important dynamic role for the tumor microenvironment in tumor initiation, progression, angiogenesis, and chemo-resistance, through the action of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a major cell type found in the cancer stroma [4]. The current chapter focuses on the role of CAFs in cancer initiation, progression, angiogenesis, and resistance to chemotherapy, with a focus on Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), an important structural protein of caveolae that has recently been shown to be play and important functional role in the tumor stroma.
Evangelical Higher Education: History, Mission, Identity, and Future

Evangelical Christian colleges have has a unique role in the development of higher education in America and in producing Christian leadership for the world. These institutions have sought to educate and train leaders not only by transmitting knowledge and skills but also by attempting to instill moral character, integrity, and responsibility in their students. They have endeavored to educate according to Christian purposes, recognizing the value of integrating faith and learning. The evangelical Christian liberal arts college is especially adapted to create a context for educating the whole person. These institutions have a unique heritage, a clear purpose, a distinct identity, and a bright future.
Plant Cell Cultures, a Potential Source of Pharmaceuticals

Publisher Summary This chapter assesses the potential and reports the progress achieved in the use of plant cell cultures in the production of secondary metabolites, with preference for substances of medicinal importance. Higher plants are the richest source of medicinal substances. The production of medicinal substances by plant cells cultured in vitro are very useful. Compared to field crops, cell cultures offer major advantages like—compounds would be produced year round under controlled environmental conditions securing a steady supply, regulation of metabolic processes would maximize yields, and cells would be genetically modified to accumulate specific intermediates and metabolites. The most important prerequisite for the use of plant cells in the commercial production of substances of therapeutic use is their adaptability to the conditions of submerged culture. These conditions not only facilitate mass propagation and stringent control of the culture environment, but also allow the biosynthetic processes to be directed towards high yields of a desired metabolite.
Concerns about heroin, cocaine and methamphetamine: Prevalence and correlates of at-risk users from 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health

Background: The United States is currently experiencing an opioid abuse epidemic, with the number of overdoses quadrupling over the past decade. Despite acknowledgement that this is a key clinical ...
Second-Generation Contextual Mobility: Neighborhood Attainment from Birth to Young Adulthood in the United States:

This article examines trajectories of neighborhood mobility for the post-1965 second generation in the United States. It advances the concept of second-generation contextual mobility, defined as th...
Using personal learning environment (PLE) management to support digital lifelong learning

Personal Learning Environment is a promising pedagogical approach to integrate formal and informal learning in social media and support student self-regulated learning. The use of PLEs to support lifelong learning can be expanded to the formal, non-formal, or informal learning environments. This study empirically examined how PLE management predicted the use of PLE to support three types of lifelong learning (i.e., formal, non-formal, or informal learning). This study concluded that PLE management was predictive of each type of learning respectively. PLE is not only a technical platform but also a new digital learning literacy, conceptual space, pedagogical process, and social networks that enable and support learners to achieve their lifelong learning goals. While Open Educational Resources (OERs) are perceived as a solution for social justice in digital lifelong learning, PLE and Open Network Learning Environment are identified as the key pedagogy and instructional strategies to empower learners gaining network-learning literacy and becoming competent digital lifelong learners.
The title insurance industry: infusing innovation and competition

Predominantly found in the U.S., title insurance is a form of indemnity insurance against financial loss from certain defects in title to real property, as well as from the invalidity or unenforceability of mortgage loans. In the U.S. title insurance industry, the so-called “Big Four” companies make up the overwhelming premium volume of the title insurance industry’s market share (85.3% of $14.8 billion in 2017). The cost-effective, technological innovation embraced by new fintech entrants, and adoption by existing companies recognizing the need to incorporate this innovation for their competitive survival, will transform the oligopolistic nature of the title insurance industry.
Increased regulatory scrutiny of photolithography chemistries: the need for science and innovation (Conference Presentation)

Semiconductor fabrication processes have evolved enormously with time, largely driven by the demand for advanced device architectures and increased performance. To continue to drive innovation and to achieve the desired electrical functionality required by today’s market, the industry relies on a number of highly sophisticated chemicals and materials. The semiconductor industry has traditionally adopted risk-based programs to reduce exposure potentials and environmental emissions or found safer alternatives when possible. For example, the industry was successfully able to phase out the use of perfluorooctanyl sulfonates (PFOS) and was able to surpass its 10-year goal in reducing the emissions of perfluorocompound (PFC) gases from semiconductor fabs. These two examples highlight recent voluntary initiatives undertaken by the industry to ensure the continued safe and responsible use of chemicals in semiconductor manufacturing processes. In June 2016, the Frank R. Lautenberg Chemical Safety for the 21st Century Act was signed into law significantly amending the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) which is the main chemical safety law in the United States. TSCA has a broad scope and applies to the full life cycle of a chemical substance (i.e., manufacturing, processing, use, and disposal). Since TSCA reform the process as well as the data required to bring new chemicals to the market has changed dramatically. Therefore, chemical issues which have historically been managed singularly between the EPA and a specific company may be more effectively dealt with through industry-wide consortiums, including both chemical manufacturers and users. Consortiums of this nature are likely better positioned to generate data and information relevant to the entire life cycle of a chemical. For example, EPA recently denied low volume exemption requests (LVEs) for photoacid generators (PAGs) due to increased concerns regarding the environmental, health, and safety aspects of onium–based compounds. To address EPA’s concerns, a "PAG onium" consortium was formed to fill critical data gaps throughout the life cycle of these chemicals that will allow for a more accurate assessment of the potential risks associated with the use of these chemistries. Other photolithography chemistries that are under an increased level of scrutiny include short chain perfluorinated compounds (e.g., perfluorobutanesulfonic acid derivatives) and N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP). This talk will discuss how recent changes to the regulatory landscape have changed EPA’s chemical reviews and the resulting implications on the information/ data required to evaluate a chemical before bringing it to market.
Size-dependent policies, talent misallocation, and the return to skill

Abstract We study the allocation of talent in knowledge-based hierarchies subject to a payroll tax that increases with establishment size. The tax distorts the allocation of talent across occupations, as well as the sorting of all infra-marginal agents, thus attenuating the strength of the positive sorting throughout the entire economy. This talent misallocation results in lower output, smaller plants, higher self-employment, less wage employment, and lower returns to skill. To quantify these effects, we first estimate a tax policy to match the establishment-level evidence on the size-dependent compliance of social security contributions in Mexico, and conduct two sets of numerical exercises. Introducing this size-dependent policy into an undistorted economy calibrated to the U.S. generates a reduction in average plant size and output losses of 10 percent. The returns to skill for wage workers decrease by 75 percent. When we isolate the margins of misallocation in our model, we find that slightly over half of the output losses are due to talent mismatch, whereas the rest is accounted for by the best wage workers turning into self-employment. Similarly, eliminating the labor distortion in Mexico increases average plant size by 12 percent, and output by 9 percent, while the average return to skill for workers increases by 14 percent. Perfect enforcement of the average effective tax accounts for one fifth of the output gains from removing the tax. Size-dependent policies in our model generate a reduction in average plant size that is only a fifth of that obtained using a standard span-of-control model, yet output losses are three times as large. The main losers from this type of policies are high-skill wage workers.
Sleep problems in children with developmental behavioral disorder

It has been showed that sleep problems are prevalent in children,affecting children's cognitive and neurobehavioral development.This paper reviews currently available evidence on sleep characteristics in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,Tourette's Syndrome,emotional disorders and autism spectrum disorders,in order to understand the relationship between these developmental behavioral disorders and sleep problems,and the present therapies for these children. Key words: Children; Sleep problems; Developmental behavioral disorder
Misinformation, thin-ideal internalization, and resistance to treatment: an interpretive phenomenological analysis of the experience of orthorexia nervosa

Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is an emerging pattern of disordered eating which may be driven by a pathological desire to consume only highly nutritious foods, absent concern over body weight, as is noted in anorexia nervosa (AN). This study seeks to clarify the development and progression of ON and add to researchers’ understanding of this potential disorder. Utilizing Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis to guide data collection and analysis, interviews were conducted with 18 individuals who self-identified as having ON. Participants described a clear distinction between orthorexia nervosa and clinically recognized eating disorders, with which they had prior experience. In addition, they demonstrated patterns of inflexible thinking that guided their perceptions of themselves and others. As a result, participants rapidly integrated newly acquired nutritional information, which led to escalations in restriction, social isolation, and physical symptoms of malnutrition. While prior findings on the relationship between ON and weight are conflicting, previously proposed criteria for ON emphasize an absence of weight-related concerns. The results of the present study suggest that weight control is a primary motivating factor in the escalating pattern of restriction. The nuanced results from this work evidence the value of interpretive qualitative approaches to improve understanding of ON. In particular, participants’ described inflexible thinking with respect to eating behaviors may help inform or revise screening instruments and provide important insights for treatment of ON. Level V, qualitative descriptive research.
Districts by Demographics: Predicting U.S. House of Representative Elections using Machine Learning and Demographic Data

Using a selection of machine learning methods and characteristic demographics of U.S. Congressional districts, we aim to determine if party outcome of a House election can be predicted from the demographics of the corresponding district. Utilizing demographics from the Census Bureau’s annual American Community Survey and training models on these features we show that while it is possible to predict with high accuracy the party elected in a district, the strongest predictor remains the incumbent party. Further, we observe that certain demographic characteristics such as race and education have much stronger predictive power than age, income, and marital status. Nonetheless, even these weak predictors can enhance model accuracy when properly combined. We also consider model interpretability and informativeness, focusing on decision trees.
Protest at the ballot box: From blank vote to populism:

Populist parties foment discontent with the establishment. Previous studies explored whether sentiments of discontent and protest can predict populist voting. In this paper, we argue that past elec...
Epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of invasive Escherichia coli infection in neonates from 2012 to 2019 in Xiamen, China

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is one of the important causative pathogens of neonatal invasive infection. The epidemiological and clinical profile of invasive E. coli infection in Chinese newborns is not well characterized. Ninety-four infants with invasive E. coli infection were categorized into E. coli early onset disease (EOD) group (onset ≤72 h after birth) (n = 46) and E. coli late onset disease (LOD) group (onset > 72 h) (n = 48). We compared and analyzed the clinical characteristics and drug sensitivity profile of early-onset and late-onset E. coli invasive infection in neonates. The incidence of E. coli-EOD and E.coli-LOD was 0.45/1000 live births (LBs) and 0.47/1000 LBs, respectively. The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus, perinatal fever, urinary tract infection, chorioamnionitis, and positive E. coli culture among mothers in the E. coli-EOD group were significantly higher than that in E. coli-LOD group. The incidence of premature birth, low-birth-weight, nosocomial infection, and hospitalization time were significantly higher in the E. coli-LOD group. The main disease in E. coli-EOD group was pneumonia (main clinical manifestation: dyspnea). The main disease in E. coli-LOD group was sepsis (main clinical manifestation: fever). The sensitivity rates of E. coli strains to ampicillin and piperacillin were low (25.00–28.79%); sensitivity to cephalosporins was also low except ceftazidime (lowest sensitivity rate: 57.14%). Sensitivity to compound preparations containing β-lactamase inhibitors was high, even for extended spectrum β-lactamase-positive strains (nearly 100%). E. coli is an important cause of invasive infection of newborns in Xiamen, China. E. coli-EOD was largely attributable to perinatal factors, while E. coli-LOD was largely related to nosocomial infection. Compound preparations containing β-lactamase inhibitor or carbapenem antibiotics should be preferred for neonatal invasive infection by E. coli.
Preliminary Investigation in the use of Sentiment Analysis in Prediction of Stock Forecasting using Machine Learning

In recent years, many financial institutions have implemented machine learning applications to better predict stock prices. Computational methods such as regression or classification learners give financial analysts the ability to predict a stock’s future price using historical data. More recently, sentiment analysis has been used to gather public opinion in hopes that it will provide meaningful information which would allow more accurate prediction models. In this work, we use both historical data and sentiment analysis scores to investigate whether sentiment analysis can improve performance of stock forecasting.
The role of carfilzomib in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma:

Carfilzomib is the second proteasome inhibitor approved for relapsed multiple myeloma. Since its approval in 2012, carfilzomib has been an active and versatile drug, based on its efficacy as a single agent; superiority as a doublet with dexamethasone compared with bortezomib and dexamethasone; and as a partner in diverse three drug combinations such as with lenalidomide or daratumumab. While it has an established place in relapsed disease, clinicians should be aware of its cardiovascular and renal adverse event profile, which is manageable, in order to optimize outcomes. This review will provide a perspective on the current and future role of carfilzomib in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.
Loss of miR-1469 expression mediates melanoma cell migration and invasion.

Tumor ulceration is considered one of the most prognostically significant findings in primary cutaneous melanoma, associated with decreased disease-free and overall survival. However, the unique features associated with ulcerated melanoma that contribute to a poor prognosis in affected patients remain poorly defined. microRNAs are small, non-coding RNAs that function to inhibit expression of specific gene targets, therefore altering the functions of cells in which they are expressed. miR-1469 is a novel miR with significantly decreased expression in ulcerated melanoma tissue relative to non-ulcerated tumors. We hypothesized that loss of miR-1469 expression in melanoma contributes to altered tumor cell functions mediating disease progression. Transfection of a miR-1469 mimic resulted in a significant reduction in the migratory and invasive capacity of the CHL1 and MEL39 melanoma cell lines (>58.1% reduction, p 50% reduction, p < 0.0021). Expression of myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL1), a miR-1469 target gene, was reduced in the A375 and MEL39 cell lines by immunoblot. No significant differences in viability, resistance to apoptotic stimuli, or proliferation were observed following transfection. These findings together demonstrate how migration and invasion are specific functions through which miR-1469 expression in melanoma cells can contribute to the differences in disease progression associated with tumor ulceration.
Recombinant activated factor VII for hemostasis in patients undergoing complex ascending aortic surgery: A single-center, single-surgeon retrospective analysis.

BACKGROUND Use of recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) to achieve hemostasis during cardiac surgery continues to be debated, as support for its efficacy and safety has not been consistent. We examined our experience with rFVIIa for achieving hemostasis in high-risk patients undergoing complex ascending aortic surgery. METHODS We reviewed patients who underwent complex ascending aortic surgery performed by a single surgeon (C. K. R.) from August 2014 to February 2019. Outcomes of patients who received rFVIIa were compared with those who did not. RESULTS Of 59 consecutive patients, 20 patients (33.9%) received rFVIIa, whereas 39 (66.1%) did not. Median dose was 45.4 mcg/kg. rFVIIa was administered intraoperatively to 95% of patients who received it. Most patients underwent combined aortic valve, ascending aorta, and aortic arch surgery (80.0% vs. 64.1%, p = .52). Patients receiving rFVIIa had longer mean cross clamp times (212 vs. 173 min, p = .03) and received a greater median number of intraoperative blood products (18.5 vs. 12.0, p < .001). The number of patients who needed postoperative products (75.0% vs. 60.5%, p = .39), the median number of blood products transfused postoperatively (2 vs. 2, p = .40), and chest tube output (1138 vs. 805 ml, p = .17) were similar between groups. In-hospital mortality was similar between groups (10.0% vs. 10.3%, p = 1.00). Incidences of postoperative stroke (10.0% vs. 13.5%, p = 1.00) and thromboembolic events (10.0% vs. 13.5%, p = 1.00) were similar. CONCLUSIONS Administration of rFVIIa intraoperatively for refractory bleeding during complex ascending aortic surgery provided hemostasis without greater in-hospital mortality or a higher risk of stroke and thromboembolic events.
Thermodynamics of the Earth and Planets

This textbook provides an intuitive yet mathematically rigorous introduction to the thermodynamics and thermal physics of planetary processes. It demonstrates how the workings of planetary bodies can be understood in depth by reducing them to fundamental physics and chemistry. The book is based on two courses taught by the author for many years at the University of Georgia. It includes 'Guided Exercise' boxes; end-of-chapter problems (worked solutions provided online); and software boxes (Maple code provided online). As well as being an ideal textbook on planetary thermodynamics for advanced students in the Earth and planetary sciences, it also provides an innovative and quantitative complement to more traditional courses in geological thermodynamics, petrology, chemical oceanography and planetary science. In addition to its use as a textbook, it is also of great interest to researchers looking for a 'one stop' source of concepts and techniques that they can apply to their research problems.
Abstract 525: Transplanted LRP1-Deficient Periaortic Adipose Tissue Accelerates Atherosclerosis in Carotid Arteries of LDL Receptor Knockout Mice

Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) expands in obesity and is anatomically colocalized with atherosclerotic plaques in humans. Moreover, PVAT inflammation is upregulated in the setting of atherosclerosis. Local factors expressed in PVAT that influence adipose tissue inflammation and adipocyte expansion could modulate “outside-in” signals involved in the progression of atherosclerosis. Previous studies have shown that mice with adipose tissue deficient for the LDL receptor-related protein 1 ( ad-Lrp1 -/- ) display reduced adipocyte size and resistance to diet-induced obesity. To assess the contribution LRP1 in PVAT on the progression of atherosclerosis, we utilized an adipose allograft model. Briefly, PVAT taken from the aortic arch of ad-Lrp1 -/- and ad-Lrp1 +/+ mice were transplanted to the left common carotid arteries of LDL-receptor deficient (Ldlr -/- ) mice. Following a four week engraftment period mice were fed western diet for 12 weeks. Carotid arteries were then analyzed for lesion formation and the surrounding adipose tissue was analyzed for inflammatory markers. Carotid arteries of LDLR -/- mice receiving ad-LRP1 -/- transplanted adipose tissue exhibited >3 fold increase in plaque size compared to mice transplanted with ad-Lrp1 +/+ adipose tissues. Plasma lipid levels and atherosclerotic lesions in the contralateral carotid arteries, without PVAT transplant, were similar between the two recipient groups. When compared to wild-type, ad-Lrp1 -/- transplanted PVAT had a 1.9 fold increased number of CD68+ cells determined by both immunohistochemistry and mRNA. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL6 (2.7 fold), TNFα (4.7 fold), and MCP1 (2.1 fold) mRNA were also increased in ad-Lrp1 -/- transplanted PVAT. In addition, ad-Lrp1 -/- transplanted PVAT retained a decreased cell size as observed prior to and after transplantation indicating either increased triglyceride lipolysis or defective triglyceride storage. These findings suggest that deficiency of LRP1 in PVAT accelerates atherosclerosis via enhancing local vascular inflammation.
The End of the Happy Hours

A dog doth to itself give yelped bliss, but you and I are not such things as bliss, self-yelped, doth well suffice These days. You know I don't have any money. Isn't there a radio playing? If we walk from this bed to that chair, if we listen….Listen: Our song is changing its snake bones. What yelped bliss a dog doth give itself! If only you and I such screaming bliss possessed. Wouldn't it suffice? Some day…no. We will never have any money. But there is a radio playing. If we walk from this chair to that door, if we listen—. Listen: Our only song has changed its bones.
The Cash Conversion Cycle And Profitability: A Study of Hospitals in the State of Washington

The cash conversion cycle (CCC) is the difference in time between the expenditures for purchases of medical inventory and services provided to patients, and the collection of revenues from those services. Data from hospitals for the State of Washington from 2002-2011 were used to study the relationship between the CCC and hospital profitability. A fixed effects analysis revealed that a 10 day lower than average CCC was associated with an operating margin 0.13 points higher than average. The overall CCC relationship to operating margin is largely attributable to management of inventory. The associations between days accounts receivable and days accounts payable and operating margins were insignificantly different from zero. Days accounts payable was positively related to total profit margin. Managers may increase hospital profitability by decreasing the length of cash conversion.
Experimental Evidence for Inhibition of N-Nitroso Compound Formation as a Factor in the Negative Correlation between Vitamin C Consumption and the Incidence of Certain Cancers

Abstract Ascorbic acid (ASC) consumption is negatively correlated with the incidence of certain cancers. This is a review and update of the theory, which has recently been neglected, that this negative correlation is due to ASC inhibition of in vivo nitrosation. The review covers the older literature on ASC inhibition of carcinogenesis by nitrite administered with amines or amides and more recent studies on ASC inhibition of nitrosation by bacteria, nitrogen oxides, and activated macrophages; the role of oxygen in ASC inhibition of gastric nitrosation; ASC inhibition of N-nitrosoproline formation in subjects from areas with high incidences of certain cancers; dose and temporal relationships between ASC and in vivo nitrosation in humans; the role of substances other than ASC in the inhibition of nitrosation by vegetables and fruits; and the active secretion of ASC into the human stomach.