cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
GOES-R Ground Segment architectural overview

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) are jointly developing the next-generation series of Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES), known as the GOES-R Series. 12 As a part of this program, NOAA maintains responsibility for the development and operation of the GOES-R Ground Segment (GS). The GOES-R GS is an integrated, end-to-end system that supports the collection, processing, and dissemination of atmospheric data and the command and control of the GOES-R Series satellite constellation.
Effect of out-of-planeness of membrane quadrilateral finite elements.

Investigation of the effect of using plane quadrilateral membrane elements for modeling nonplanar structures. The effect is assessed by analyzing a simplified finite element model with the aid of the structure network analysis program. The results obtained indicate that the use of planar quadrilateral membrane elements for modeling bending problems can lead to large errors if the four points that define the quadrilateral are not in the same plane.
Coprime factorization design of a novel maglev presser foot controller

Abstract The problem of adverse presser foot dynamics affecting seam quality is addressed, and a novel control solution is proposed. The dynamics of a controlled sewing system are derived from first principles. The standard lockstitch sewing system with a novel maglev control mechanism is expressed both as a fourth order nonlinear state space model and as a Laplace transfer function. Using the linearized model, coprime factorization is used to find all stabilizing controllers. A controller producing a desired time domain response is then chosen. The resulting system demonstrates that adverse presser foot dynamics can be controlled and a desired sewing force can be maintained at all times during fabric feeding and stitch formation.
The influence of hypotaurine on taurine transport in isolated renal cortex tubules.

SummaryThe effect of hypotaurine on taurine transport in isolated tubules from rat renal cortex was examined at the low Km (10 μM) and the high Km (2 mM) system. Taurine transport is inhibited at both sites, but hypotaurine appears to inhibit accumulation on the high Km system to a greater extent. The effect is competitive and hypotaurine has greater affinity for the taurine uptake system than does β-alanine. Finally, hypotaurine is shown to interact with the taurine carrier so that exchange diffusion is observed.
From the time-dependent, multiple-well master equation to phenomenological rate coefficients

We discuss at some length the relationship between solutions to the time-dependent, multiple-well master equation and a macroscopic description of the chemistry in terms of phenomenological rate coefficients. In so doing, we derive two different methods of obtaining the rate coefficients from the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of G, the transition matrix of the master equation. We apply the first of the two methods to the C2H3 + C2H2 and C3H3 + C3H3 reactions, problems we have treated previously using the “experimental” (or exponential-decay) approach, and obtain considerably more and somewhat different results than we obtained in our earlier work.
A necessary and sufficient condition for fundamental periods of cascade machines to be products of the fundamental periods of their constituent finite state machines

Abstract Suppose that a finite state machine α produces a periodic sequence (whose fundamental period is A ) of nonnegative integer outputs which are used to drive another finite state machine β through a subsequence of its sequence of internal states in the following way. At the j th clock tick of α's clock its integer output a ( j ) tells β's clock to tick a ( j ) times (quickly) to drive β numerous steps down its sequence of internal states to the next internal state in this subsequence of its internal states. Suppose that the sequence of outputs of β is periodic with fundamental period B . Suppose that the sum (over any list of A successive entries of the output sequence of α) of α's outputs is S . Then the subsequence of outputs of the cascade machine β ← α consisting of β, driven by α's outputs as described above, is periodic. The fundamental period of the sequence of outputs of the cascade machine β ← a consisting of β driven by α's outputs is no larger than AB . If every output of α is smaller than B , and if S is relatively prime to B , then the fundamental period of the output sequence of this cascade machine is exactly AB . Moreover, every internal state of B occurs exactly A times in each block of AB successive internal states of the cascade machine β ← α . If, on the other hand, S is not relatively prime to B , then the fundamental period of the output sequence of β ← α is less than AB .
An in-vitro technique for the quantitative detachment of cells from tooth surfaces

Abstract An in-vitro technique for quantitating the detachment of cells from tooth surfaces is described. Cells are cultured on flat surfaces of tooth slices, which are fixed to the bottoms of accurately machined culture vessels. The cells are exposed to pre-determined shearing pressures transmitted through the fluid covering them. Cell detachment is determined by comparing counts of residual cells on enamel and dentine, in unsheared and sheared specimens from the same culture vessel. The application of this technique to measure the facilitation of cell detachment by various agents is discussed.
Moisture-induced plasticization of amorphous polyamides and their blends

The moisture-induced plasticization of some amorphous polyamides in pure and blended form has been determined by calorimetric methods. The compositional dependence of the glass transition temperature of these polymer-diluent systems has been adequately accounted for using an existing predictive expression derived from both a conformational entropy and a thermodynamic treatment of the glass transition phenomenon. The success of this approach to account for the behavior of amorphous polyamide blends containing hydrophobic and hydrophilic constituents exemplifies the importance of compositional parameters in determining the overall response of morphologically complex hydrophilic polymers. The results add further credence to the simple plasticizing action of water in polar polymers irrespective of their chemical and physical constitution.
Computational Insights Into Air-Side Flow and Heat Transfer in Compact Heat Exchangers

The paper describes two- and three-dimensional computer simulations which are used to study fundamental flow and thermal phenomena in multilouvered fins used for air-side heat transfer enhancement in compact heat exchangers. Results pertaining to flow transition, thermal wake interference, and fintube junction effects are presented. It is shown that a Reynolds number based on flow path rather than louver pitch is more appropriate in defining the onset of transition, and characteristic frequencies in the louver bank scale better with a global length scale such as fin pitch than with louver pitch or thickness. With the aid of computer experiments, the effect of thermal wakes is quantified on the heat capacity of the fin as well as the heat transfer coefficient, and it is established that experiments which neglect accounting for thermal wakes can introduce large errors in the measurement of heat transfer coefficients. Further, it is shown that the geometry of the louver in the vicinity of the tube surface has a large effect on tube heat transfer and can have a substantial impact on the overall heat capacity.© 2005 ASME
Chemical composition of hyphal walls of dermatophytes.

Abstract Quantitative analyses of the purified cell walls of Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum and Epidermophyton floccosum are described. The cell walls consist mainly of a glucose-containing polysaccharide, an N-acetyl glucosamine polymer which is probably chitin, mannan, and protein. In addition, small quantities of galactosamine and lipid have been found. Only minor differences could be observed among the walls of these four species. Perhaps the higher glucose and lower mannose contents in T. mentagrophytes and E. floccosum cell walls as compared to M. canis and M. gypseum cell walls are significant differences. These studies revealed that the dermatophyte cell walls contain more complex chemical structures than chitin alone.
A review of dolasetron as management of nausea and vomiting in cancer patients

Objective. To systematically review the literature about the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, dosing, and adverse effects of dolasetron, and to define its role in the management of chemoth...
Modest sociality and the distinctiveness of intention

Cases of modest sociality are cases of small scale shared intentional agency in the absence of asymmetric authority relations. I seek a conceptual framework that adequately supports our theorizing about such modest sociality. I want to understand what in the world constitutes such modest sociality. I seek an understanding of the kinds of normativity that are central to modest sociality. And throughout we need to keep track of the relations—conceptual, metaphysical, normative—between individual agency and modest sociality. In pursuit of these theoretical aims, I propose that a central phenomenon is shared intention. I argue that an adequate understanding of the distinctiveness of the intentions of individuals allows us to provide a construction of attitudes of the participants, and of relevant inter-relations and contexts that constitutes shared intention. I explain how shared intention, so understood, differs from a simple equilibrium within common knowledge. And I briefly contrast my views with aspects of views of John Searle and Margaret Gilbert.
Changes in acidity of mouse tumor by hyperthermia

Abstract The intratissue pH of SCK tumor and leg muscle of unanesthetized mice were determined byfore, during and after hyperthermia with the use of bulb type pH microelectrodes having pH-sensitive hemisphere 20–40 μm in outer radius. Intratumor pH was heterogeneous throughout tumor (range, 6.60–7.38; average, 6.96), and was more acidic than the intramuscle pH of mouse leg (average, 7.46). Hyperthermia at 43.5°C for 30 min induced a further increase in acidity (decrease in pH of about 0.2 units) in tumor hut not in muscle. The heat-induced acidity in tumor lasted for 12 hr following hyperthermis and then recovered to almost control pH value 24 hr after heating. The cause of the increase in acidity in the bested tumors is not clear, hut it appears to result from an increase in the contents of acidic metabolities and a sluggish drainage of them due to induced vascular damage. The increased acidity in the heated tumors may inhibit the repair of thermal damage and sensitizes the tumor cells to subsequent heating.
Temporal and Environmental Effects on Quinpirole-Induced Biphasic Locomotion in Rats

The dopamine D2/D3 agonist quinpirole induces suppression of locomotor activity at low doses, and suppression followed by activation at high doses when given to rats of 30 days of age and older that are immediately placed in activity monitors. The duration of suppression is longer and the level of activation is lower at 60 than at 30 days of age, suggesting that the mechanism responsible for the suppression may play a role in the lesser activation in the older rats. However, habituation limits the ability to measure the duration of locomotor suppression. Therefore, 0, 0.2, or 0.2 mg/kg quinpirole was injected S.C. either 30, 60, or 120 min before placing male or female rats of 30 or 60 days of age in activity monitors for 30 min. At both ages, both doses of quinpirole suppressed activity when the animal was placed in the monitor 30 or 60 min after injection; at 60 days the drug also suppressed activity at 120 min after injection. Previously, 0.2 mg/kg quinpirole elicited locomotor activity 60 min after injection in rats placed immediately in activity monitors at both ages. Thus, not only time after injection but novelty of the environment are critical factors in the expression of locomotor suppression or activation in response to quinpirole.
A note on glejser's test for heteroscedasticity

Glejser published a test on the residuals of a regression model where the parameters are estimated by OLS that purports to detect “mixed” heteroscedasticity. This note addresses the problem of detecting this type heteroscedasticity from,both a theoretical and pragmatic point of view. We conclude that “mixed” heteroscedasticity cannot be separated from non zero expected errors and thus cannot be detected using Glejser s technique.
Enterovirus infections in neonates

Twenty-seven ill neonates with enterovirus infections were studied to learn if enterovirus infection can be distinguished from neonatal sepsis. Enterovirus infection was associated with the summer-fall season (93%), recent maternal illness (59%), absence of other perinatal problems (81%), and findings of fever (93%), viral meningitis (62%), diarrhea (81%), and rash (41%). Four children developed thrombocytopenia and three necrotizing enterocolitis. Three children died, all with Coxsackie B virus infections that likely were acquired in utero. Although no single feature is pathognomonic, this constellation of epidemiologic and clinical findings, coupled with negative bacterial cultures, should suggest the possibility of neonatal enterovirus infection.
Vapour-Liquid equilibrium constants up to the critical point for binary hydrocarbon systems

Abstract Correlations have been developed that enable the calculation of vapour-liquid equilibrium constants for both components of binary hydrocarbon systems up to and including the critical point of the mixture. The calculation of these constants requires the determination of the ratio of the activity coefficients, ξ = γ l /γ v , and of the fugacities of the pure components in the liquid and vapour states. These correlations have been developed from the extensive work of K ay on the binary systems: n -butane - n -heptane, ethane- n -butane and ethane- n -heptane. The method developed in this study has been tested on the three systems used in its development and on the following five additional hydrocarbon systems: methane-ethane, methane-propane, propane- iso pentane, propane-benzene, and ethane- cyclo hexane. An average deviation of 6·2 per cent from the corresponding experimental values resulted for 104 vapour-liquid equilibrium constants for the eight hydrocarbon systems considered. In addition, this method has been applied to the following three non-hydrocarbonsystems : nitrogen -oxygen, hydrogen sulphide- n -pentane, and carbon dioxide- n -butane. For these systems the average deviations were found to be 5·0, 16·0 and 13·4 per cent, respectively, for a total of fifty experimental values considered. The method developed in this study is particularly useful for the calculation of equilibrium constants for binary hydrocarbon systems in the vicinity of the critical point. These correlations can also be used for the calculation of critical temperatures and pressures of binary hydrocarbon systems.
Trial delay as a source of bias in jury decision making

A jury sits through a lengthy civil trial involving a dispute between two major industrial corporations. Complicated technological testimony is presented on both sides. The jury ultimately finds the defendant liable. A date to assess damages is set, but unforeseen events intervene. A jury member is ill; the judge takes a leave of absence; damage assessement is postponed again and again; two entire years pass. When the jury is finally summoned to reconvene, the defense attorney requests a new trial. After two years, he argues, the jury who will assess damages is no longer the same group of people who decided liability so long ago. Time, he asserts, has changed the jury. The above case is extreme, but the defense attorney raises a provocative legal and psychological question that pertains to many jurors in lengthy or delayed trials: how would time change a jury? While the jury is composed of the same individuals who heard the case two years earlier, are they still the same people psychologically? Can they recall the facts of the case accurately, or will they reconstruct a distorted version of events? Will they forget mitigating factors in order to justify their prior verdict? Do they have the same attitudes, prejudices and opinions that led them to be selected in voir dire two years before? How will the long delay affect their judgment of damages? Most important, should a new trial be held with a new jury? A good deal of psychological research, much of it very recent, helps to answer each of these questions. The research comes from different areas of investigation, relating to different types of issues: first, recent research on social cognition has explored how memory functions as human beings note, store, and recall information about other people and events; second, classic work on attitude change has demonstrated how emotional needs motivate people deliberately to reconstruct the past in order to justify their decisions and behavior; and third,
Changes in gross grasp strength and fine motor skills in adolescents with pediatric multiple sclerosis.

ABSTRACTThis study examined the gross grasp strength and fine motor dexterity of adolescents, who are diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS). A total sample size of 72 participants between the ages of 13 to 17 was studied. Thirty six with a diagnosis of pediatric relapse remitting MS and 36 matched control participants were selected from various local youth groups. Data on hand strength and dexterity was collected using a dynamometer, nine hole peg board and Purdue pegboard on both groups. Utilizing ANCOVA to describe the differences across the two groups by diagnosis, controlling for age and gender, it was found that the MS group demonstrated significantly decreased dexterity when compared to age and gender matched controls. There was no significant difference in gross grasp strength by diagnostic group. This preliminary study showed that children with a diagnosis of pediatric MS may have differences in fine motor dexterity, but not gross grasp strength from their peers who do not have the diagnosis. Fur...
Sensor-layer image compression based on the quantized cosine transform

We introduce a novel approach for compressive coding at the sensor layer for an integrated imaging system. Compression at the physical layer reduces the measurements-to-pixels ratio and the data volume for storage and transmission, without confounding image estimation or analysis. We introduce a particular compressive coding scheme based on the quantized Cosine transform (QCT) and the corresponding image reconstruction scheme. The QCT is restricted on the ternary set {-1,0,1} for economic implementation with a focal plane optical pixel mask. Combined with the reconstruction scheme, the QCT-based coding is shown favorable over existing coding schemes from the coded aperture literature, in terms of both reconstruction quality and photon efficiency.
Mite Species in North Carolina Apple Orchards with Notes on Their Abundance and Distribution

A list of mites (Acarina) on leaves, twigs, and trunk from 10 sprayed and 13 nonsprayed apple orchards in North Carolina during the period 1968–70 was prepared. This list was compared with similar but less extensive study conducted in 1954. The phytoseiid, Neoseiulus fallacis (Garman) was the dominant phytoseiid in sprayed orchards in 1968–70 but was not collected in 1954. Eighty-one species of mites (26 gamasids, 39 actinedids, 4 acarids, and 12 oribatids) have been recorded from apple trees in North Carolina.
Thermocapillary migration of a two-dimensional liquid droplet on a solid surface

A two-dimensional liquid droplet placed on a non-uniformly heated solid surface will move towards the region of colder temperatures if the temperature gradient in the solid surface is large enough. Such behaviour is analysed for a thin viscous droplet using lubrication theory to develop an evolution equation for the shape of the droplet. For the small mobility capillary numbers examined in this work, the contact-line motion is controlled by a dynamic relationship posed between the contact-line speed and the apparent contact angle. Results are obtained numerically and also approximately using a perturbation technique for small heating. The initial spreading or shrinking of the droplet when placed on the heated solid is biased toward the direction of decreasing temperature on the solid. Possible steady-state responses are either a motionless droplet or one moving at a constant velocity down the temperature gradient without change in shape. These behaviours are the result of a thermocapillary recirculation cell inside the droplet that distorts the free surface and alters the apparent contact angles. This change in the apparent contact angles then modifies the contact-line speed.
A suppressor T-lymphocyte cell line for autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a model for the in vitro and in vivo study of T-cell activation. It is an autoimmune disease mediated by T lymphocytes of the helper T-cell (Th) subset1,2. After sensitization to guinea-pig myelin basic protein in complete Freund's adjuvant, Lewis rats develop an autoimmune response to central nervous system (CNS) myelin basic protein, manifested clinically as paralysis and histologically by a perivas-cular mononuclear cell infiltrate of the CNS parenchyma. Suppressor cell regulation of EAE has long been suspected because Lewis rats, which spontaneously recover from active disease, are resistant to reinduction of active EAE, even though effector T-cell lines can be rescued from these recovered rats3. Using cyclosporin A, an immunosuppressive agent believed to inhibit Th cell function, suppressor T-cell (Ts) lines have now been generated from recovered Lewis rats. These Ts cells, when admixed with guinea pig myelin basic protein-specific Th cells, will prevent the adoptive transfer of EAE. The Ts cells appear to be CD4+, which explains previous observations that CD8+ lymphocytes are not important in the recovery of EAE in the rat. This is the first direct demonstration of Ts-cell regulation of EAE.
Directional and Polarization Correlation Studies in the Decay of 5-hour Sb 118

Directional and polarization correlation measurements have been carried out on the gamma rays accompanying the decay of 5-hour ${\mathrm{Sb}}^{118}$. These measurements lead to the following spin and parity assignments for excited levels in ${\mathrm{Sn}}^{118}$: 1.22 Mev (${2}^{+}$), 2.25 Mev (${4}^{+}$), and 2.51 Mev (${5}^{\ensuremath{-}}$). A search for positrons was made, and an upper limit on positron emission was set at 0.2% of the 1.22-Mev decays, giving a lower limit of 2500 hours for the partial half-life of positron emission to any of the excited levels in ${\mathrm{Sn}}^{118}$. The level scheme is discussed in terms of various nuclear models.
Penetrating handlebar injury causing bowel evisceration

A 13-year-old, fit and healthy boy, was brought by paramedic ambulance to the Accident and Emergency, (A and E) Department, after falling off his bicycle. He had been riding alongside a friend, both going down hill and, on attempting to turn left, had got his T-shirt caught in the handlebars of his friends bicycle. The patient fell directly onto the brake lever attached to the handlebars, sustaining a penetrating injury to the abdominal wall. The bicycle was not reported to be damaged. There have been many reports of abdominal injury in children caused by bicycle handlebars. The vast majority of these are blunt injuries, with the liver and spleen being the most commonly injured solid organs. Injuries to the kidneys, duodenum, small bowel (including perforation), and pancreas have also been described, as have vascular injuries such as damage to the intima of the common femoral artery and external iliac artery. Blunt handlebar trauma to the abdomen is associated with severe, sometimes life-threatening, intra-abdominal injuries, often requiring surgery and sometimes resulting in prolonged hospital admissions. Penetrating injuries to the abdomen following bicycle accidents are, however, rare in the literature, as are reports of abdominal evisceration. There has been concern over the design of bicycle handlebars for some years now, [see also: P.J. McKenna, D.J. Welsh and L.W. Martin, Paediatric bicycle trauma. J Trauma 31 3 (1991), pp. 392].
Deficient Positive Selection of CD4 T Cells in Mice Displaying Altered Repertoires of MHC Class II–Bound Self-Peptides

Abstract The role of self-peptides in positive selection of CD4 + T cells has been controversial. We show that some self-peptides are presented by the MHC class II molecule I-A b in mice lacking Ii or H-2M but not in mice expressing a transgene-encoded peptide fused to I-A b . In experiments using specific antibodies to block selection, these low-abundance self-peptides were implicated in the positive selection of some CD4 + T cells in H-2M −/− mice. However, all three mutant backgrounds failed to positively select two class II–restricted transgenic T cell receptors. Our findings suggest that minor components of the self-peptide repertoire can contribute to positive selection of a significant number of CD4 + T cells. In addition, the data suggest that T cell receptor repertoires selected in wild-type mice and in mice displaying limited spectra of self-peptides are distinct.
Quantitative assessment of motor and sensory function in vitamin B-6 deficient rats

Abstract Ataxia, weakness and changes in peripheral sensitivity are consequences of vitamin B-6 deficiency. This experiment was conducted to quantify these effects, using tests commonly employed in toxicology studies. Female Long-Evans rats (mean weight=232g) were blocked by weight into 3 treatment groups (n=12): AL-CON, fed AIN-76A diet ad libitum; DEF, fed the same diet devoid of pyridoxine; and PF-CON, pair-fed to DEF. Motor function was evaluated with hindleg gait analysis, grip-strength, and whole-body pull-up. Sensory function was evaluated using tail-flick and landing foot-spread. Deficiency was detected with a tryptophan-load test on day 9 of a simultaneous experiment with an identical feeding protocol. On day 9, abnormalities were detected and quantified by gait analysis—angle and width of step were affected by diet (P
Dynamic crush behaviors of aluminum honeycomb specimens under compression dominant inclined loads

The dynamic crush behaviors of aluminum 5052-H38 honeycomb specimens under compression dominant inclined loads are investigated by experiments. Different types of honeycomb specimens were designed for crush tests under pure compressive and compression dominant inclined loads with respect to the out-of-plane direction. A test fixture was designed for dynamic crush tests under inclined loads. The results of the dynamic crush tests indicate that as the impact velocity increases, the normal crush strength increases and the shear strength remains nearly the same. The trends of the normalized normal crush strengths under inclined loads for specimens with different in-plane orientation angles as functions of the impact velocity are very similar to each other. Based on the experimental results, a macroscopic yield criterion as a function of the impact velocity is proposed. The experimental results suggest that, as the impact velocity increases, the shape of the macroscopic yield surface changes, or more specifically, the curvature of the yield surface increases near the pure compression state. The experimental results also show similar microscopic progressive folding mechanisms in honeycomb specimens under pure compressive and inclined loads. However, honeycomb specimens under inclined loads show inclined stacking patterns of folds due to the asymmetric location of horizontal plastic hinge lines.
Toward a Methodology and Public Discourse of Christological Concreteness: Lessons from a Discussion of Health Care Rationing in the United States

AbstractA recent passage of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) has once again sparked fierce public debates within the United States over the permissibility of health care rationing. Unfortunately only a handful of public theologians have addressed this issue, and those who have often fail to draw upon Jesus’ ethical praxis. This article corrects this lacuna by offering a clarifying theological analysis and defence of one form of rationing, known as Comparative Effectiveness Research (CER), through a proposed method of Christological concreteness. The article begins by outlining which CER provisions are included in the ACA, and then discusses how they will re-shape US public health expenditures in the future. An examination of Richard Land’s and Jim Wallis’s theological evaluations of rationing is used to demonstrate that, while each is helpful in some respects, both omit the moral saliency of Jesus. To correct these shortcomings, the article draws upon some recent methodological trends within Christian ethics and devises a Christological method based upon a synthesis of integrative, canonical, reiterative, embodied and incarnational variables. Finally, a critical analysis of Allen Verhey’s discussion of health care rationing explains why his approach not only provides a compelling justification for using CER but also a preferable approach for public theology.
A Cluster Analysis of Home Index Status Items.

A “Home Index” set of 22 items for assessing socioeconomic status was first described in 1949- Although the implications of total score on the items have been previously examined, the internal dimensionality of the series has not yet been established. A cluster analysis of the item matrix was therefore conducted, using 1,379 student protocols drawn from 14 high schools. Four clusters were identified: social status, ownership, socio-civic involvement, and aesthetic involvement. Intercorrelation of clusters in new samples of 379 males and 383 females yielded coefficients ranging from .21 to .38, with median of 28. Scores were also related to scholastic achievement, intellectual ability, and father's occupation, and normative data from a sample of 2,284 Ss were presented.
Two stage linear programming under uncertainty with 0–1 integer first stage variables

Stochastic programs with continuous variables are often solved using a cutting plane method similar to Benders' partitioning algorithm. However, mixed 0–1 integer programs are also solved using a similar procedure along with enumeration. This similarity is exploited in this paper to solve two stage linear programs under uncertainty where the first stage variables are 0–1. Such problems often arise in capital investment. A network investment application is given which includes as a special case a coal transportation problem.
Searching for Spirituality in All the Wrong Places

This paper examines three popular and important books on spirituality in business: Mitroff and Denton's A Spiritual Audit of Corporate America, Nash and McLennan's Church on Sunday, Work on Monday, and Lerner's Spirit Matters. Interestingly, none of these books can find satisfactory examples of legitimate spirituality in business. This paper suggests that one reason these authors can not find acceptable models of spirituality in business is that they are all employing an unnecessarily restrictive definition of spirituality. The paper concludes by suggesting that a definition of spirituality based on John Dewey's pragmatist philosophy is more appropriate for today's businesses.
Study of electron paramagnetic resonance in titanium sesquioxide

Abstract Single crystals of Ti 2 O 3 , pure and doped with various impurities, have been studied by Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). In most samples two different paramagnetic centers were observed. One of them produces a resonance corresponding to spin density of approximately 10 19 spins/cm 3 . The g -tensor is axially symmetric about the c -axis withg ∥ = 2.0029(2) andg ⊥ = 1.9040(2), line1 width = 4 G. The other center is relatively weaker with 10 17 spins/cm 3 . Its g -tensor is completely anisotropic and can be described by the following parameters.g x′ =1.9497(2), g y′ =1.9638(2), g z′ =1.9365(2) wherex′, y′, z′ are related to thex(∥a), y, z(∥c) axes of the crystal by a coordinate transformation defined by Euler angles:φ z =16.3°±0.2°, θ x′ =77.2±0.1°,ψ z′ =29.3±0.2°
Pharmacokinetics of ampicillin and sulbactam in pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effects pregnancy had on pharmacokinetic parameters of ampicillin and sulbactam. STUDY DESIGN: Twenty-two women undergoing cesarean section for obstetric indications were randomly assigned to receive a single intraoperative dose of either 1 gm of ampicillin intravenously or 1 gm of ampicillin plus 0.5 gm of sulbactam intravenously after umbilical cord clamping. Blood was drawn from an indwelling intravenous catheter at 15, 30, 45, 60, 120, 240, and 360 minutes after infusion of the antibiotic for determination of serum ampicillin and/or sulbactam levels. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined by fitting data (serum concentrations versus time) to a single-compartment model that provided elimination rate constants, β-intercept (calculated concentration at 0 minutes), area under the time-versus-concentration curve, half-life of the drug, total body clearance, and volume of distribution. After the examination 6 weeks post partum, each subject was given an additional dose of the drug she had received during cesarean section, and a second pharmacokinetic study was performed and compared with the previous results. RESULTS: Pregnancy significantly increased the elimination rate constant, decreased the area under the drug-versus-time curve, shortened the serum half-life, and increased the total body clearance in comparison with these parameters in the nonpregnant state for ampicillin. Sulbactam kinetics were similarly affected, although these changes failed to attain statistical significance. CONCLUSION: Because pregnancy is associated with more rapid elimination of β-lactam drugs, physicians treating infections in pregnant or newly parturient women should consider using shorter intervals between antibiotic doses when a range of dosage intervals is under consideration.
The Revenge of John Selden: The Draft Convention on the Law of the Sea in the Light of Hugo Grotius' Mare Liberum

On April 30, 1982, the Eleventh Session of the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III) endorsed the final version of the Draft Convention of the Law of the Sea by a vote of 130 to 4, with 17 abstentions. 1 The Session met at UN Headquarters in New York from March 8 to April 30. 2
Structure and Conformation of Meso-2,4-di(N-carbazolyl)pentane

Abstract The stereochemistry of the title compound is established as meso . The carbazole groups have no parallel planar close contacts (π-type interactions), which differs from the packing found previously for terminal 1, n -di( N -carbazolyl)alkanes. Bond distances, bond angles, and torsion angles are compared with those calculated for the isolated molecule using M06-2X density functional theory, which is designed to model intramolecular dispersion effects. The results indicate that dispersion effects have a significant influence on the molecular conformation, although packing effects likely determine the magnitude of the puckering about one of the nitrogens (N1) and give a crystal conformation closer to a theoretical local minimum than to the global minimum potential energy, which are calculated to differ by only 6.7 kJ/mol at 298 K.
Functional genomics of microbial pathogens

1. Merhej V, Georgiades K, Raoult D. Postgenomic analysis of bacterial pathogens repertoire reveals genome reduction rather than virulence factors. Brief Funct Genomics 2013;12:291–304. 2. Chua KY, Stinear TP, Howden BP. Functional genomics of Staphylococcusaureus. BriefFunctGenomics 2013; 12:305–15. 3. Tymoshenko S, Oppenheim RD, Soldati-Favre D, et al. Functional genomics of Plasmodium falciparum using metabolic modelling and analysis. Brief Funct Genomics 2013;12:316–27. 4. Del Tordello E, Serruto D. Functional genomics studies of the human pathogen Neisseria meningitidis. Brief Funct Genomics 2013;12:328–40. 5. de Barsy M, Greub G. Functional genomics of intracellular bacteria. Brief FunctGenomics 2013;12:341–53.
Effect of non-isoelectronic cation substitution on lattice parameters of barium sodium niobate

Ceramic samples of Ba2 NaNb5O15, with the cations selectively substituted by Gd or Cr, showed that the changes in their orthorhombic lattice parametersa, b, andc were linearly correlated to each other. The changes in lattice parameters in thea, b, andc directions occurred proportionally in the ratio of 2.5∶3.27∶1.0.
Deliberate Knowledge Seekers: How Actors Use Media to Build Tie Strength Before Knowledge Transfer

ABSTRACT Interpersonal knowledge transfer requires both the seeker and source of knowledge to dedicate considerable time and effort to move the knowledge from one person to another. One way to ease...
Predicting Stakeholder Support for Fishery Policies

Fisheries management has been used to address declining fisheries and threats to livelihood and food security. Past research suggests that public support for fishery policies is a necessary component for sustaining the long-term success of fisheries management. This study predicted public support by examining fishers’ perspectives on co-management and fish catch since the establishment of marine protected areas (MPAs), a commonly employed fisheries management tool. Data were obtained from onsite surveys (n = 505) with fishers from three municipalities in Cebu, Philippines: Oslob, Santander, and Samboan. Structural path analyses revealed that beliefs about co-management and fish catch predicted support for fishery policies (R2 = 59%). Separate path analyses for each municipality showed that co-management had greater influence in predicting public support for fishery policies in Oslob and Santander. Fish catch was a better predictor for public support for fishery policies in Samboan. Results can help local ...
Kierkegaard on the nihilism of the present age: The case of commitment as addiction

Dans le cadre d'une interrogation sur le phenomene de dependance (a l'alcool par exemple), particulierement developpe dans la societe moderne, l'A. etudie les theses de Kierkegaard sur l'engagement. Cet engagement inconditionnel a un ideal religieux ou esthetique, acte de liberte par lequel l'individu se constitue, pourrait-il se reveler etre une dependance du meme type?
Studies of the Si/SiO2 interface using synchrotron radiation

Synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy (SRPS) in the 1-4 KeV photon energy range is a useful tool for interface characterization. Results are presented of a series of studies of the near-interface region of Si/SiO2 which confirm that a bond strain gradient exists in the oxide as a result of lattice mismatch. These experiments include measurement of photoemission lineshape changes as a function of photon energy, corresponding changes in the electron escape depth near the interface, and surface extended X-ray absorption fine structure (SEXAFS) measurements directly indicating the shortening of the Si-Si second nearest neighbor distance in the near-interface region of the oxide.
On resonant classical Hamiltonians with two equal frequencies

This paper contains a detailed study of the flow that the classical Hamiltonian $$H = \tfrac{1}{2}(x_1^2 + y_1^2 ) - \tfrac{1}{2}(x_2^2 + y_2^2 ) + \mathcal{O}_3 $$ induces near the origin of its phase spaceR4. Here the perturbation term\(\mathcal{O}_3 \) represents a convergent power series. In particular, criteria for the existence and stability of periodic orbits are developed and expressed in terms of canonical invariants that are extracted from the perturbation term.
A comprehensive methodology for computer family selection

Abstract This article presents a selection methodology for a computer family. The proposed methodology incorporates the analytic hierarchy process into the evaluation procedure and helps organizations select a family of computers from a manufacturer's product line, rather than a specific computer model. The practice of computer selection and the existing solutions for a computer family selection procedure are briefly described. Then, Saaty's analytic hierarchy process is presented and incorporated into the selection methodology. The result is a structured and comprehensive methodology that allows decision makers to rank the alternatives more objectively and select a computer family that best fits the needs of the entire organization. Illustrative examples demonstrate the application of the various steps in the proposed methodology.
Organizational Knowledge Management Structure

Purpose – To propose and evaluate a novel management structure that encourages knowledge sharing across an organization.Design/methodology/approach – The extant literature on the impact of organizational culture and its link to management structure is examined and used to develop a new knowledge sharing management structure. Roadblocks to implementing a new management structure and methods for overcoming these impediments are discussed. The efficacy of the proposed management structure is evaluated empirically by examining its effect on organizations that have implemented portions of the proposed structure.Findings – The foundational ideas behind the proposed knowledge management organizational structure and the structure itself have been implemented in parts at various organizations located both in the USA and internationally. While the full management structure model has not been evaluated, the portions implemented in various organizations have enabled these organizations to assume leading roles in thei...
RF sensor solutions for small lightweight unmanned aerial vehicles

A need exists for greater situational awareness at the lower echelons of the Army. Radar Frequency (RF) sensors on small, lightweight Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) could provide lower echelon commanders with all-weather reconnaissance, early warning, and target acquisition; however, the designs of these RF sensors are limited by the projected size and weight restrictions on the payload for a class II UAV. Consequently, these designs may favor combining simple RF sensor hardware with digital-signal processing (DSP) solutions over more sophisticated radar hardware. In this paper, we show the potential of simple, low cost RF sensors with hemispherical antenna coverage to overcome these limitations. The proposed RF sensor system used DSP and pre-defined UAV flight pattern to detect and track moving targets from range and Doppler information. Our objective is to conceive and model a suite of software options that, by combining UAV flight patterns and processing algorithms, will be able to detect and track moving targets. In order to accomplish this, we are building a simulation that uses sensor models, target models, and battlefield dynamics to predict the targeting capabilities of the RF sensor system. We will use this simulation (1) to determine the tradeoffs between sensor complexity (and cost) and the military significance of the information gathered, and (2) to describe sensor error budgets for endgame lethality models
Traction forces in locomoting cells

A means of determining quantitative maps of the tractions exerted by locomoting cells on a substratum has been developed. This method is similar to the Harris silicone substratum assay [Harris et al., 1980: Science 208:177-1791, but uses an improved non-wrinkling film that deforms more predictably in response to traction forces. The method also utilizes a mathematical analysis of rubber deformation to produce the final map of the distribution of tractions. The resulting maps consistently showed that fish keratocytes exert a steady-state “pinching” on the substratum, perpendicular to the cell’s direction of locomotion. No significant rearward tractions were detected at or near the front edge of the cell. Likewise, no significant forward tractions associated with peeling of adhesions were found at the back of the cell. A second assay uses deflection of a lightly attached glass microneedle to measure the total force exerted by locomoting cells. Forces of approximately 4.5 X lop3 dyn were required to “stall” locomoting keratocytes. The implications of these findings for cell movement are discussed. 0 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Organizing Hot-Spot Police Patrol Routes

We address the problem of planning patrol routes to maximize coverage of important locations (hot spots) at minimum cost (length of patrol route). We model a road network using an edge-weighted graph in which edges represent streets, vertices represent intersections, and weights represent importance of the corresponding streets. We describe efficient methods that use this input to determine the most important patrol routes. In addition to the importance of streets (edge weights), important routes are affected by the topology of the road network. Our methods permit automation of a labor-intensive stage of the patrol-planning process and aid dynamic adjustment of patrol routes in response to changes in the input graph (as a result of a developing situation, for instance).
Longitudinal assessment of cyst-like lesions of the knee and their relation to radiographic osteoarthritis and MRI-detected effusion and synovitis in patients with knee pain

The purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence of cystic lesions and cyst-like bursitides in subjects with frequent knee pain and to assess their relation to radiographic osteoarthritis (OA) severity; to describe bilaterality and size fluctuation of the lesions over 6 months; and to assess relations between the prevalence of synovium-lined lesions communicating with the joint capsule and severity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-detected effusion and synovitis. One hundred and sixty-three subjects (total 319 knees) aged 35 to 65 with chronic, frequent knee pain were included. Imaging with 3 Tesla MRI was performed at baseline and 6-month follow-up with the same protocols as those used in the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Severity of radiographic OA was assessed using the Kellgren-Lawrence grade (0 to 4). Severity of effusion and synovitis was graded 0 to 3 based on the Whole Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score system. The associations of cysts and cyst-like bursitides and severity of radiographic OA, MRI-detected effusion and synovitis were analyzed using logistic regression controlling for clustering by person. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to determine whether there was a significant change in the size of lesions between baseline and follow-up. At least one lesion (any type) was present in 222 (70%) knees. The most prevalent lesions were popliteal cysts (40%, 128/319), followed by subgastrocnemius bursitis (15%, 49/319) and proximal tibiofibular joint cysts (8%, 26/319). Bilateral lesions were seen in 49% of the subjects. Only popliteal cysts and subgastrocnemius bursitis showed a significant change in size (P < 0.001). No trend was observed between prevalence of any of the cyst-like lesions analyzed and the increasing radiographic OA severity. Increasing prevalence of subgastrocnemius bursitis was associated with increasing severity of effusion (P = 0.0072) and synovitis (P = 0.0033). None of the cyst-like lesions analyzed seems to be a marker of radiographic OA severity in knees with chronic frequent pain. Subgastrocnemius bursitis may be used as a marker of effusion/synovitis severity. Bilateral cyst-like lesions are relatively commonly observed in people with chronic knee pain.