cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Hormonal therapy for advanced prostate cancer.

After years of clinical investigation and experience, questions about the optimal hormonal therapy in men with advanced prostate cancer still remain. In this issue, Seidenfeld and colleagues presen...
Spin-orbit interaction in graphite

Abstract Recent measurements of the magnetoreflection and of the de Haas-van Alphen effect have made possible a more accurate determination of the band parameters of pyrolytic graphite. In principle, these experiments could provide a more direct measurement of the small spin-orbit interaction in graphite. This interaction lifts the degeneracy of the E3 bands everywhere along the zone edge and gives rise to a band gap near point K which could be deduced from analysis of the magnetoreflection experiment. When the degeneracy of the energy bands at point H is lifted, two extremal Fermi surface areas are obtained, thus predicting two low frequency de Haas-van Alphen oscillations.
Entrepreneurship, growth, and Adam Smith

In the canonical work of economics, Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations, he explained that nations grow wealthy through changes in the division of labor. Using Smith's insight, entrepreneurship can be defined as the study of human actions that lead to changes in the division of labor. This definition gives theoretical and empirical meaning to studies examining new venture formation and economic growth, and can be used by scholars for intellectual profit, as illustrated by Baumol and Strom, Casson and Wadeson, and Agarwal, Audretsch, and Sarkar. Copyright © 2008 Strategic Management Society.
Synaptic Clustering of AMPA Receptors by the Extracellular Immediate-Early Gene Product Narp

Narp (neuronal activity-regulated pentraxin) is a secreted immediate-early gene (IEG) regulated by synaptic activity in brain. In this study, we demonstrate that Narp possesses several properties that make it likely to play a key role in excitatory synaptogenesis. Narp is shown to be selectively enriched at excitatory synapses on neurons from both the hippocampus and spinal cord. Overexpression of recombinant Narp increases the number of excitatory but not inhibitory synapses in cultured spinal neurons. In transfected HEK 293T cells, Narp interacts with itself, forming large surface clusters that coaggregate AMPA receptor subunits. Moreover, Narp-expressing HEK 293T cells can induce the aggregation of neuronal AMPA receptors. These studies support a model in which Narp functions as an extracellular aggregating factor for AMPA receptors.
Thermodynamic Features of IIAGlc Inhibition of Sugar Symporters

Carbohydrate uptake in certain bacteria is under the regulation of the phosphotransfer protein IIAGlc. IIAGlc regulates the expression and activity of various inducible transporters, including the Na+-coupled melibiose permease (MelB) and H+-lactose permease (LacY). We characterized the thermodynamic features of IIAGlc binding to both the permeases by applying chemical cross-link and isothermal titration calorimetry. Here, we show that IIAGlc directly binds to MelB or LacY in the absence or presence of melibiose, a sugar substrate for both permeases. The protein-protein interaction in both cases exhibits dissociation constant between 3-10 μM at a stoichiometry of one. Strikingly, the thermodynamic strategy for the binding is different. The binding to MelB, which is crystallized in an outside-open conformation, is driven by enthalpy with compensation of entropy; the binding to LacY, which is captured in an inside-open conformation, is driven by entropy with compensation of enthalpy; however, the binding in both cases restrains the conformational entropy of the permease. Consistently, we show that IIAGlc-bound MelB or LacY exhibits a largely decreased affinity for sugar substrate. The data allow us to conclude that IIAGlc regulates activity of MelB and LacY via restraining conformational dynamics and an induced-fit process. In all cases studied, IIAGlc blocks inducer entry into the cells thus preferentially favoring constitutive glucose uptake.
Dynamic Simulation of Red Blood Cells/Platelet Interaction in Arteriolar Blood Flow

Hemodynamic forces have been proposed as a major factor in thrombosis (thrombus formation) in the human cardiovascular system [1]. It has been suggested that platelet activation, aggregation and adhesion to the surface of the implants result in the formation of the mural thrombi [2]. Red blood cells (RBCs) are thought to play a significant role in the dynamics and the activation of the platelets and hence thrombus formation in the human arterial system. Previous experimental works indicate that RBCs cause platelets to migrate and move toward the vessel walls [3]. Thrombus formation has also been shown to increase as the hematocrit (Hct) increases [4]. In order to simulate the platelet dynamics requires the computational analysis of the transport and collision of the formed elements under physiological flow. In the present study, a two-dimensional (2D) simulation of the RBC/platelet dynamics in the arterioles is described.Copyright © 2007 by ASME
Peckinpah Today: New Essays on the Films of Sam Peckinpah. Michael Bliss, editor. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 2012.

Peckinpah Today: New Essays on the Films of Sam Peckinpah. Michael Bliss, editor. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 2012."Sam Peckinpah clawed his way into movie history as a multileveled visual poet, an instinctive trailblazer, and the last great filmmaker to bring direct knowledge of the Old West to the Western genre." With that sentence that opens his essay on page 69 about the adaptation of The Siege at Trencher's Farm into Straw Dogs, critic Michael Sragow pretty well nails Sam Peckinpah. Editor Michael Bliss (who teaches English at Virginia Tech) has assembled some gifted specialists for this collection, including several who have written books on the director, such as his Virginia Tech colleague Stephen Prince (Savage Cinema, 1998), author and film editor Paul Seydor (Peckinpah: The Western Films, 1980), biographer Garner Simmons, and Bliss himself.Consequently, nine essays here celebrate a director who was cantankerous and maybe not so well suited for Hollywood filmmaking; yet this maverick still managed to make fourteen films, many of them arguably great, but most of them, excepting The Wild Bunch, perhaps, now generally forgotten. Even so, no one made better or more honest and realistic Westerns. Editor Bliss fails to provide a clear biographical introduction or even a needed filmography, apparently assuming that anyone who comes to this book will know and have seen the body of work, but that was a mistake that his editors should have noticed and rectified. Peckinpah has now been dead for a quarter century, after all, and Bliss really needs to remind youngsters who Peckinpah was and why his work should matter. His stunted "Introduction" runs only to five pages. Had he taken it to twenty-five pages, he could have easily provided a biographical sketch instead of a banal extrapolation of contents to come.The Wild Bunch tested the limits of screen violence but seemed almost tame in comparison with Straw Dogs, adapted from a trite novel made "brilliant," according to critic Michael Sragow. Bliss himself covers Wild Bunch, but even more space is given to Peckinpah's last Western, Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid, in essays by Stephen Prince and Paul Seydor, an academic turned film editor, who attempted to re-edit and restore the film. But what Seydor calls the "contentious afterlife" of Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid, Prince considers an ethical dilemma in film restoration, reflecting on the cutting and re-cutting of the film while Peckinpah himself was locked out of the cutting room. …
Clinical and economic evaluation of the Trellis-8 infusion catheter for deep vein thrombosis.

Purpose To summarize the preliminary experience with the Trellis-8 infusion catheter (TIC) in the treatment of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and compare the outcome to that with catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) by using a meta-analysis of published reports. Materials and Methods Technical success, bleeding complications, and costs for patients treated with the TIC for DVT were reported through a voluntary, company-sponsored registry. Technical success was classified by using the National Venous Registry grading scale for DVT lysis ( Results Thrombolytic doses and infusion durations were less with TIC than with conventional CDT. Grade II and III lysis was achieved in 93% of patients treated with the TIC and 79% of patients treated with CDT ( P = .03). Major hemorrhage was reported in none of the TIC patients and in 8.5% of patients treated with CDT ( P P = .03). Conclusions Thrombolysis in DVT with the TIC is associated with a greater technical success rate, a lower rate of bleeding, and a lower cost than that reported for CDT. These preliminary results indicate that further evaluation of the TIC in the treatment of DVT is warranted.
Return to Hegel

This article argues that Hegel read Lacan. Put less paradoxically, it claims that situating Hegel within a Lacanian paradigm results in an understanding of the future as still open and of history as not ended. Absolute knowing, on this model, is the recognition of the way in which history has developed, not a claim that it can advance no further. The article aims to persuade those who might otherwise dismiss Hegel – for example, persons au courant with poststructuralism – that he still can make a decisive contribution to current debates.
The thyroidal uptake of stable iodine compared with the serum concentration of protein-bound iodine in normal subjects and in patients with thyroid disease.

THE uptake of radioactive iodine (I131) by the thyroid gland has beer shown, in general, to be in good agreement with the state of thyroid function (1). With gross alterations in the intake of stable iodine (I127) and in patients who have received treatment for thyroid disease, the usual relationship between radioiodine uptake and thyroid function may be altered. Of particular clinical importance are the high radioiodine uptakes which have been noted in patients who have received radioiodine or surgical treatment for rryperthyroidism and who, by clinical and other laboratory criteria, are euthyroid (2). Conversely, normal radioiodine uptakes have been observed in treated patients who are still hyperthyroid (3). These findings could be explained either by 1) a disturbance in the orderly secretion.of thyroid hormone of such a nature that iodine which is taken up by the gland is not released as circulating hormone, or 2) changes in the amount of stable iodine in extracellular fluid which is available for upt...
A cylindrical drift chamber for the measurement of high charged-particle multiplicities in hadronic events

Abstract The construction and operation of a 2 m long cylindrical drift chamber used as a high-multiplicity charged-particle detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider is presented. The chamber was constructed of low-mass carbon fibe-epoxy composite material and presents 0.014 interaction lengths of material to particles passing radially through it. A 24-layer “jet”-type drift cell was used which obtained a spatial resolution of 250 μm and a two-hit separation of 3 mm. The chamber reconstructed events containing more than 100 charged particles over approximately 3.4 units of pseudorapidity.
Comparison of PPVT, FRPVT, RS-B, and Academic Achievement Scores among Institutionalized Educable Mental Retardates

The present study compares results of two picture vocabulary tests (PPVT, FRPVT; Arnmons & Ammons, 1748; Dunn, 1957) with the Revised StanfordBinet Scale (RS-B) and current academic achievement scores for 63 adolescent educable mental retardates. Twenty-nine male and 34 female students (CA range = 12 to 19 yr.) in educable classes at Austin State School were selected for this study because they had been recently evaluated with the RS-B and their current General Achievement Test (Gray-Votaw-Rogers, 1948) scores were available. Forms A of the PPVT and FRPVT were individually administered in counterbalanced order to control for practice.l The analysis of variance of MA scores indicated that MAS on the PPVT, FRPVT, and RS-B did not differ significantly (MAIAs = 8.62, 8.62, 8.78). In fact, these scores correlated with academic achievement scores in the order of .56, .57, and .55, respectively (p < .01). The variances of PPVT MAS (2.34) and FRPVT MAS (2.11) were significantly larger than the variance of RS-B MAS ( 1.16). The variance of PPVT IQs ( 16.30) was significantly greater than the RS-B IQs (8.09). In addition, the mean PPVT IQ (63.73) was approximately six points higher than those of the FRPVT (57.24) and RS-B (57.82); also, SDs were dissimilar (for PPVT, 16.30, for FRPV 12.61, and for RS-B 8.09).
Accuracy of the Initial History and Physical Examination to Establish the Etiology of Erectile Dysfunction

Abstract Objectives Because of its implications for possible therapy, the ability to establish a diagnosis of erectile dysfunction (ED) solely on the basis of history and physical examination has been a matter of controversy. The determination of the etiology of ED based on history and physical examination is evaluated in this present study. Methods Consecutive patients presenting for evaluation of ED were evaluated by careful history, physical examination, psychologic evaluation, and RigiScan monitoring. They were then stratified into either organic or psychogenic groups based on each of these modalities. These diagnoses were then compared to a final diagnosis obtained through additional testing. Results History and physical examination had a 95% sensitivity but only a 50% specificity in diagnosing organic ED. The accuracy rates of history and physical examination in diagnosing ED were 80% and 60%, respectively. Conclusions A multifaceted comprehensive approach is required to evaluate fully and to diagnose ED.
The role of expectancy in exposure-generated fear reduction in agoraphobia.

Abstract Agoraphobic Sswere assigned to a high expectancy in vivo exposure condition, a low expectancy exposure condition, or a waiting list control condition. Subjects in both treatment conditions were given 10 in vivo exposure sessions over a 2–3 week period. In the high expectancy group, Ss were told that these sessions were part of treatment. Low expectancy Ss were told that exposure sessions were for the purpose of obtaining reliable assessments prior to treatment. Subjects provided with therapeutic expectancies showed substantially greater behavioural improvement and improved more rapidly than Ss who were led to believe that repeated exposure to a phobic situation was for the purpose of assessment. Although both groups reported equal improvement in the experience of fear, Ss in the high expectancy group were able to travel approximately twice as far from home before reaching that reduced fear level. Analyses comparing high expectancy mid-treatment scores with low expectancy post-treatment scores indicated that the effects of expectancy were not mediated by different amounts of exposure.
Born and made: sisters, brothers, and the "Deceased Wife's Sister Bill".

L'A. evoque les debats qui ont oppose, entre 1835 et 1907, partisans et adversaires du Deceased Wife's Sister Bill qui interdit a un veuf d'epouser la soeur de sa femme decedee. Il montre que cette loi s'inscrit dans le contexte de la culture victorienne et reflete certaines representations concernant les relations entre frere et soeur, la consanguinite, la sexualite, la passion amoureuse et l'organisation de la famille. Il revele que ce debat a trouve un certain nombre d'echos dans la litterature anglaise du 19 e siecle, notamment dans l'oeuvre de Felicia Skene, dans celle de Mulock Craik et dans celle de William Clark Russell.
Direct evidence for the electronic phase inhomogeneity in HoNi2B2C

Abstract We substitute a few parts per million of 57 Co for Ni. The Mossbauer spectra of HoNi 2 ( 57 Co ) B 2 C reveal the presence of two components, one of which is truly metallic as indicated by delocalization of 3d electrons. In the other component, the electrons are delocalized to a lesser extent. The relative ratio of the components can vary from sample to sample.
Specific binding of cytotactin to sulfated glycolipids.

The binding of the glial glycoprotein, cytotactin, to a variety of purified glycolipids was examined. Clear-cut evidence was found for binding of radiolabeled cytotactin to sulfatides purified from bovine brain, but the molecule did not bind to gangliosides or cerebrosides. The sulfatide binding was sensitive to pH and ionic strength and was dependent on the presence of divalent cations. Binding was inhibited by purified unlabeled cytotactin, by polyclonal antibodies to cytotactin, and by several monosaccharides and polysaccharides. It was not inhibited by fibronectin, a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, or the HNK-1 monoclonal antibody, all of which are known to bind to cytotactin. These findings raise the possibilities that sulfated glycolipids may function as cellular receptors for cytotactin and that binding by sulfatides may modulate the varied effects of cytotactin on cellular processes. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
A Note on Predictability

Abstract It is assumed that in making a forecast the initial state of the system is known subject to an initial error of measurement. Given an upper bound for the initial error, rigorous bounds are determined for the error of the forecast and for the time interval in which the current error in the forecast is less than a pre-assigned values.
Influence of temperature on the electrosorption of ions from aqueous solutions using mesoporous carbon materials

Abstract Based on the electrosorption of ions by charged electrodes, the capacitive deionization method was considered for ion removal from saline water using mesoporous carbon electrodes. Mesoporous carbon was synthesized via a self-assembly method, with a narrow pore size distribution in the range of 6–10 nm. It was found that the rates of ion sorption and release by mesoporous carbon electrodes increase with an increase in the temperature of the solution. A drift in the conductivity was observed during electrosorption of Instant Ocean solutions, which may be explained as the result of competition between ions of different valence and size. The diffusion coefficient of ions during electrosorption was evaluated as a function of temperature, and a transport model coupled with an electrical-double-layer model was employed to calculate the mass of salt adsorbed by the electrodes. The calculated cumulative mass of salt captured in the electrical double layers of the electrodes was compared to the experimental data at different temperatures.
Fragile-X syndrome: variability of phenotypic expression.

Abstract Fragile-X syndrome is a recently described X-linked disorder that ranks second to Down syndrome as the most prevalent chromosomal form of mental retardation. Affected male individuals manifest a variable clinical phenotype that includes distinctive facial features, macroorchidism, cognitive and language impairments, and an impressive prevalence of attention deficit disorder and infantile autism. A sizable proportion of female carriers are similarly affected. The molecular basis for these phenotypic features has not been established, nor have the factors mediating the variable expression of the syndrome in vulnerable individuals. However, improved behavioral functioning in prepubertal children may result from early identification and folate supplementation.
Understanding Risk Factors Contributing to Substance Use Among MTF Transgender Persons

Results from community-based research studies have shown that male-to-female transgender (MTF) persons have high rates of substance abuse. Multiple and unique psychological, economic, and societal factors contribute to this elevated rate of drug use. Cofactors, such as substance abuse and multiple environmental risk factors (e.g., discrimination, unemployment, homelessness), may contribute to the poor health outcomes observed in the MTF transgender community. In this article the authors review existing alcohol and other drug use (AOD) research and examine risk factors for AOD use in MTF transgender persons. Implications for counselors working with members of the MTF transgender community are explored and recommendations for future research are presented.
A scheme for high-performance LAN interconnection across public MAN's

The proliferation of local area networks (LANs) and the emergence of high-bandwidth public networks will create an environment in which it will become increasingly simple and attractive to communicate among different organizations across a common public networking infrastructure. The open bridging scheme proposed, which employs inherent features of forthcoming cell-based metropolitan area networks (MANs) in order to achieve efficient interenterprise communications is introduced. It uses enhanced remote LAN bridging techniques to ensure router-level functionality with bridge-level simplicity and performance. The practicality of open bridging is shown by describing how it can be incorporated in networks using current standard protocol stacks, such as open systems interconnnection (OSI) and transmission control protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP). >
HF Markov Chain Models and Measured Error Averages

A set of calculated channel parameters are postulated for a 2800-km HF ionospheric F2 -mode propagation path to organize error sequences into stationary samples. Measurements of the single sideband-frequency-shift keying (SSB-FSK) binary error-free run distributions are used with the parameters to obtain stationary Markov chain transition probabilities. A relation between the transition probabilities and the average error probability is verified for the HF channel model. A statistical analysis of error probability and error-free run distribution variation with calculated parameter values suggests that the Markov chain transition probabilities are a function of these parameters.
The Relationship of Membrane Fluidity to Calcium Flux in Chick Intestinal Brush Border Membranes

To evaluate whether membrane fluidity plays a role in regulating calcium flux across the intestinal brush border, we purified brush border membranes from different regions of the chick intestine and determined the relationship of their ability to transport calcium and their fluidity parameters, as determined by diphenylhexatriene fluorescence polarization. Raising the temperature from 4 to 37 C resulted in a 3-fold increase in calcium accumulation by duodenal brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV; 2.85 to 8.70 nmol/mg protein X 12 min). This rise in temperature was associated with a decrease in degree of polarization from 0.395 to 0.290. The methyl esters of cis- and trans-vaccenic acid markedly increased calcium uptake at all temperatures studied (4, 25, and 37 C); the trans isomer was more effective. Both cis- and trans-vaccenic acid lowered the degree of polarization of the BBMV from 0.340 to 0.311 and 0.293, respectively, at 25 C. cis- and trans-vaccenic acid were effective whether BBMV were prepared from vitamin D-deficient chicks or their hatchmates given 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25-(OH)2D]. The ability to accumulate calcium correlated to the degree of polarization when calcium uptake by and degree of polarization of BBMV prepared from duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were compared at 25 C. The duodenal BBMV had the greatest calcium accumulation (9.4 nmol Ca/mg protein X 10 min) and the lowest degree of polarization (0.336); the ileal BBMV had the least calcium accumulation (3.5 nmol Ca/mg protein X 10 min) and the greatest degree of polarization (0.375); and the jejunal BBMV were intermediate (8.2 nmol Ca/mg protein X 10 min; 0.344). This rank order was the same whether the intestine was from vitamin D-deficient chicks or their hatchmates given 1,25-(OH)2D before they were killed. 1,25-(OH)2D stimulated calcium uptake by duodenal and jejunal BBMV, reaching a maximal effect at 4 h, but no changes in degree of polarization were observed during this period. A plot of the degree of polarization as a function of the reciprocal of absolute temperature showed an inflection point at approximately 25 C. Neither the slope of the plot nor the point of the inflection was altered by 1,25-(OH)2D. We conclude that chick intestinal BBMV membrane fluidity and calcium uptake correlate in relation to the effects of temperature, changes in membrane lipids, and regional differences in the intestine. However, 1,25-(OH)2D stimulates calcium uptake by BBMV without a detectable change in membrane fluidity.
Quantitative tools for examining the vocalizations of juvenile songbirds

The singing of juvenile songbirds is highly variable and not well stereotyped, a feature that makes it difficult to analyze with existing computational techniques. We present here a method suitable for analyzing such vocalizations, windowed spectral pattern recognition (WSPR). Rather than performing pairwise sample comparisons, WSPR measures the typicality of a sample against a large sample set. We also illustrate how WSPR can be used to perform a variety of tasks, such as sample classification, song ontogeny measurement, and song variability measurement. Finally, we present a novel measure, based on WSPR, for quantifying the apparent complexity of a bird's singing.
A genetic analysis of primary products of bacteriophage lambda recombination.

Primary products of bacteriophage lambda recombination that display heterozygosity as a consequence of the presence of regions of heteroduplex DNA are rare in standard X crosses. Phage manifesting heterozygosity at a given allele are evident when recombinants, emerging from a cross, are selected for an exchange in a neighboring interval. We show that the abundance of such heterozygotes can be increased 10- to 20-fold by selection on an E. coli indicator that is defective in methyl-directed mismatch repair (mutL). Thus, the activity of the methyl-directed mismatch repair system is, at least in part, responsible for the low frequency of detectably heterozygous phage emerging from a standard cross. In a mutL indicator, many primary products of recombination are replicated without the intervention of mismatch repair.-The products of a six-factor phage cross have been plated on a mutL indicator allowing visual detection of those phage products heterozygous for one of the allelic pairs, cI. By genetic analysis, we show that the heteroduplex regions of these primary products of recombination are on the average about 4 kb in length and can include as much as half of the lambda genome.
ULTRAPETALA trxG Genes Interact with KANADI Transcription Factor Genes to Regulate Arabidopsis Gynoecium Patterning

Organ formation relies upon precise patterns of gene expression that are under tight spatial and temporal regulation. Transcription patterns are specified by several cellular processes during development, including chromatin remodeling, but little is known about how chromatin-remodeling factors contribute to plant organogenesis. We demonstrate that the trithorax group (trxG) gene ULTRAPETALA1 (ULT1) and the GARP transcription factor gene KANADI1 (KAN1) organize the Arabidopsis thaliana gynoecium along two distinct polarity axes. We show that ULT1 activity is required for the kan1 adaxialized polarity defect, indicating that ULT1 and KAN1 act oppositely to regulate the adaxial-abaxial axis. Conversely, ULT1 and KAN1 together establish apical-basal polarity by promoting basal cell fate in the gynoecium, restricting the expression domain of the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor gene SPATULA. Finally, we show that ult alleles display dose-dependent genetic interactions with kan alleles and that ULT and KAN proteins can associate physically. Our findings identify a dual role for plant trxG factors in organ patterning, with ULT1 and KAN1 acting antagonistically to pattern the adaxial-abaxial polarity axis but jointly to pattern the apical-basal axis. Our data indicate that the ULT proteins function to link chromatin-remodeling factors with DNA binding transcription factors to regulate target gene expression.
Branch and Bound with Mini-Bucket Heuristics

The paper describes a branch and bound scheme that uses heuristics generated mechanically by the mini-bucket approximation. This scheme is presented and evaluated for optimization tasks such as finding the Most Probable Explanation (MPE) in Bayesian networks. The mini-bucket scheme yields monotonic heuristics of varying strengths which cause different amounts of pruning, allowing a controlled tradeoff between preprocessing and search. The resulting Branch and Bound with Mini-Bucket heuristic (BBMB), is evaluated using random networks, probabilistic decoding and medical diagnosis networks. Results show that the BBMB scheme overcomes the memory explosion of bucket-elimination allowing a gradual tradeoff of space for time, and of time for accuracy.
Planning with Things

This article claims a place for nonhuman things in the worlds of planning theory and practice. Using a fragment from a dialogue between a group of planners and a developer, I explore how things—apa...
Models to elucidate the regulation of adrenal cell death.

Hypophysectomy-induced apoptosis in the rat adrenal gland is slow (not apparent until 12–24 h) and in-situ, 3′-end labeling (ISEL) of DNA strand breaks is restricted to a subpopulation of zona reticularis cells. In addition, it is completely blocked by ACTH. By contrast, apoptosis in the intact rat adrenal gland, cultured in the absence of trophic support, is extensive and rapid. Culture-triggered apoptosis (as determined by oligonucleosome formation) is attenuated by ACTH and is largely restricted to the zonae fasciculata and reticularis even at 3 h (as determined by ISEL and DAPI cytochemistry). Thus, this organ culture system may help elucidate factors that can acutely regulate adrenocortical cell survival. Quartered glands have a nearly 2-fold increase in oligonucleosome formation compared to intact glands at 3 h and are resistant to the antiapoptotic action of ACTH. In contrast, ACTH-induced corticosterone secretion is not attenuated. Angiotensin II (Ang II) enhances culture-triggered apoptosis, and ...
Characterization of Soyhull Fiber Digestion by In Situ and In Vitro Enzymatic Procedures

Abstract Soyhulls (original form), neutral detergent and acid detergent fiber extracted from soyhulls were characterized by rates of dry matter disappearance by in situ and in vitro enzyme procedures. Enzyme combinations were cellulase, pectinase, cellulase – hemicellulase, cellulase – pectinase, and cellulase – hemicellulase – pectinase. Incubation times for both in situ and in vitro procedures were 0, 1, 2, 6, 8, 12, and 24 h. Two additional independent time sequences of soyhulls used in situ and cellulase procedures for extended times of 36, 48 h and 36, 48, 60, and 72 h. In situ rates of dry matter disappearance were similar to in vitro enzyme systems with cellulase or cellulase – hemicellulase for original hulls at 24 h. In situ neutral detergent fiber disappearance was similar to cellulase, and acid detergent in situ disappearance similar to cellulase – pectinase. Addition of pectinase to cellulase or cellulase – hemicellulase increased dry matter disappearance for original and neutral detergent hulls but not acid detergent hulls. In situ rates of dry matter disappearance for original soyhulls increased with incubation time at 72 h compared to 24 and 48 h, emphasizing the importance of extended incubation for this technique. In vitro rates for cellulase decreased with incubation beyond 24 h, suggesting caution in interpretation of rate for in vitro enzymatic systems using extended intervals.
Prevention of Blinking Alters Iris Configuration in Pigment Dispersion Syndrome and in Normal Eyes

Purpose: To examine the effect of blinking on iris configuration and aqueous humor distribution between the posterior and anterior chambers in eyes with pigment dispersion syndrome compared with healthy eyes. Methods: High-resolution, anterior segment ultrasound biomicroscopy was performed on ten eyes of ten patients with untreated pigment dispersion syndrome and on ten control subjects. Patients were scanned continuously for 15 minutes or until the maximal change in iris configuration occurred. During this time, the eyelids were held open mechanically, and blinking was prevented. Eyes then were rescanned immediately after blinking. Results: Initial iris configuration was concave in all eyes with pigment dispersion syndrome, whereas in control eyes it was concave in four eyes, planar in four eyes, and convex in two eyes. Iridozonular contact occurred in eyes with pigment dispersion syndrome only. Iridolenticular contact was greater in eyes with pigment dispersion syndrome than in control eyes. Analysis of covariance controlling for age, sex, and refractive error showed pigment dispersion syndrome to be a significant predictor of increased iris concavity. During continuous scanning, the mean change in iris position, from most concave to most convex, and mean time to the maximal change in iris configuration were greater for eyes with pigment dispersion syndrome than in control eyes and were related to the degree of initial iris concavity only (analysis of covariance). In six eyes with pigment dispersion syndrome, the eye cup was removed, normal blinking was permitted, and the eye was rescanned. The iris resumed a concave configuration in all eyes. Conclusion: Increased iris concavity in pigment dispersion syndrome appears to be related to increased iridolenticular contact. This creates an anatomic configuration that predisposes to reverse pupillary block. The accumulation of aqueous humor in the posterior chamber, when blinking is prevented, alters iris position in pigment dispersion syndrome and in healthy eyes and increases iridozonular and iridociliary-process distances while minimizing iridolenticular contact. Normal blinking appears to create transient vector forces which promote aqueous humor flow from the posterior to anterior chamber.
Detection of spectrally sparse anomalies in hyperspectral imagery

We present a variant of the classic problem of anomaly detection in hyperspectral imagery. In this variant, the anomalous signatures are assumed to be additive and to exhibit spectra that are sparse - that is, only a few of the many hyperspectral channels are significantly nonzero.
Phosphorylation of the Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Origin Binding Protein

The herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) origin binding protein (OBP), the product of the UL9 gene, is one of seven HSV-encoded proteins required for viral DNA replication. OBP performs multiple functions characteristic of a DNA replication initiator protein, including origin-specific DNA binding and ATPase and helicase activities, as well as the ability to interact with viral and cellular proteins involved in DNA replication. Replication initiator proteins in other systems, including those of other DNA viruses, are known to be regulated by phosphorylation; however, the role of phosphorylation in OBP function has been difficult to assess due to the low level of OBP expression in HSV-infected cells. Using a metabolic labeling and immunoprecipitation approach, we obtained evidence that OBP is phosphorylated during HSV-1 infection. Kinetic analysis of metabolically labeled cells indicated that the levels of OBP expression and phosphorylation increased at approximately 4 h postinfection. Notably, when expressed from a transfected plasmid, a recombinant baculovirus, or a recombinant adenovirus (AdOBP), OBP was phosphorylated minimally, if at all. In contrast, superinfection of AdOBP-infected cells with an OBP-null mutant virus increased the level of OBP phosphorylation approximately threefold, suggesting that HSV-encoded viral or HSV-induced cellular factors enhance the level of OBP phosphorylation. Using HSV mutants inhibited at sequential stages of the viral life cycle, we demonstrated that this increase in OBP phosphorylation is dependent on early protein synthesis and is independent of viral DNA replication. Based on gel mobility shift assays, phosphorylation does not appear to affect the ability of OBP to bind to the HSV origins.
Self-Knowledge of Personality: Do People Know Themselves?

The intuition that we have privileged and unrestricted access to ourselves – that we inevitably know who we are, how we feel, what we do, and what we think – is very compelling. Here, we review three types of evidence about the accuracy of self-perceptions of personality and conclude that the glass is neither full nor empty. First, studies comparing self-perceptions of personality to objective criteria suggest that self-perceptions are at least tethered to reality – people are not completely clueless about how they behave, but they are also far from perfect. Second, studies examining how well people’s self-perceptions agree with others’ perceptions of them suggest that people’s self-views are not completely out of synch with how they are seen by those who know them best, but they are also far from identical. Third, studies examining whether people know the impressions they make on others suggest that people do have some glimmer of insight into the fact that others see them differently than they see themselves but there is still a great deal people do not know about how others see them. The findings from all three approaches point to the conclusion that self-knowledge exists but leaves something to be desired. The status of people’s self-knowledge about their own personality has vast implications both for our conception of ourselves as rational agents and for the methods of psychological inquiry.
Collisional radiative kinetics of molecular assisted recombination in edge plasmas

Recombination of hydrogen plasma in the divertor volume is a simple explanation for divertor detachment phenomena experimentally observed on many tokamaks and divertor plasma simulators. The presence of vibrationally excited molecules in detached plasma provides an additional mechanism for plasma recombination, the so-called molecular assisted recombination (MAR). The cross-section data on atomic and molecular processes relevant for divertor plasma conditions are reviewed. Collisional radiative kinetics for cascade excitation of vibrational and electronic states as well as for the dissociation, recombination, and ionization of hydrogen molecule and molecular ions is studied. The results of calculations on the effective rate coefficient for MAR in detached divertor plasmas are presented. A comparison of the MAR rate coefficient with the rate coefficients for molecular dissociation, ionization, and electron-ion recombination is given. The sensitivity of MAR rate to the accuracy and completeness of atomic physics data is discussed
A Review of Current Evidence of Olmesartan Medoxomil Mimicking Symptoms of Celiac Disease

Objective:To review the evidence of an association between olmesartan medoxomil and symptoms mimicking celiac disease.Data Sources:Literature was searched in PubMed (1965-November 2013) using the k...
MT1-MMP regulates the PI3Kδ·Mi-2/NuRD-dependent control of macrophage immune function

Macrophages play critical roles in events ranging from host defense to obesity and cancer, where they infiltrate affected tissues and orchestrate immune responses in tandem with the remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Despite the dual roles played by macrophages in inflammation, the functions of macrophage-derived proteinases are typically relegated to tissue-invasive or -degradative events. Here we report that the membrane-tethered matrix metalloenzyme MT1-MMP not only serves as an ECM-directed proteinase, but unexpectedly controls inflammatory gene responses wherein MT1-MMP−/− macrophages mount exaggerated chemokine and cytokine responses to immune stimuli both in vitro and in vivo. MT1-MMP modulates inflammatory responses in a protease-independent fashion in tandem with its trafficking to the nuclear compartment, where it triggers the expression and activation of a phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ (PI3Kδ)/Akt/GSK3β signaling cascade. In turn, MT1-MMP-dependent PI3Kδ activation regulates the immunoregulatory Mi-2/NuRD nucleosome remodeling complex that is responsible for controlling macrophage immune response. These findings identify a novel role for nuclear MT1-MMP as a previously unsuspected transactivator of signaling networks central to macrophage immune responses.
Challenges for Annotating Images for Sense Disambiguation

We describe an unusual data set of thousands of annotated images with interesting sense phenomena. Natural language image sense annotation involves increased semantic complexities compared to disambiguating word senses when annotating text. These issues are discussed and illustrated, including the distinction between word senses and iconographic senses.
An improved statistical methodology to estimate and analyze impedances and transfer functions

Curran-Everett, Douglas, Yiming Zhang, M. Douglas Jones, Jr., and Richard H. Jones. An improved statistical methodology to estimate and analyze impedances and transfer functions. J. Appl. Physiol. ...
EFFECT OF COLD WATER INJECTION DURING HIGH PRESSURE STEAM PEELING OF SWEET POTATOES

A commercial high pressure steam peeler was adapted to accept direct injection of cold water in order to study the effect of rapid cooling under partial vacuum on effectiveness of the peel and on product loss in the peeling of cured sweet potatoes. Tests were: (1) high pressure steam peeling with flash in-chamber cooling by cold water injection; (2) high pressure steam peeling with postdump cooling by spray washing; (3) lye peeling. Cold water injection facilitated trimming and handling and improved appearance. The peeled and trimmed yield of U.S. No. 1 Red Jewel sweet potatoes was 81.1% for steam-peeled roots with flash cooling, 80.3% for lye-peeled sweet potatoes, and 73.7% for steam-peeled roots with wash water cooling.
The Primate Series

The Primate Series. 1997. Seven videos, 10-53 minutes each (244 minutes total), color. Videos by Anne Zeller. For more information contact Documentary Educational Resources, 101 Morse Street, Watertown, MA 02472.
Generation and structural analysis of soluble oligomeric gp140 envelope proteins derived from neutralization-resistant and neutralization-susceptible primary HIV type 1 isolates.

We generated DNA constructs expressing soluble truncated forms of the envelope of SF162, a neutralizationresistant primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolate, and SF162 Delta V2, a neutral...
Internal Controls For Hospitality Revenue In The Gaming Industry

In today’s difficult economic climate, business managers must carefully consider all aspects of business operations to minimize waste and increase efficiency. The revenue cycle continues to be the primary area of fraud and abuse requiring strong, comprehensive internal controls (AICPA 2002). Internal controls in the revenue arena are now more important than ever. The current paper provides a control review checklist for hospitality revenue in the gaming industry. Extant studies have often focused on internal controls for the gambling operations of the gaming industry to the neglect of the hospitality portion of the industry. For many firms in the industry, the hospitality revenue can account for half of total firm revenue. The checklist we provide can be used as a general benchmark to perform preliminary evaluations of a company’s internal control system in the hospitality arena. Auditors can compare their client’s control objectives with the objectives that are presented. During preliminary investigations of the company’s internal control system, auditors should review whether important control objectives have been omitted and whether the omission incurs or heightens risk. The control review checklist can also be used by CFOs or controllers in the gaming industry in reviewing whether their company’s internal control systems are adequate. The checklist provides CFOs or controllers internal controls that external, independent auditors consider to be important.
Acute isolated myocarditis in pregnancy.

Abstract Two antepartum deaths from acute isolated myocarditis are reported. These cases represent the experience with this disease in 2,310 cardiac patients out of 64,992 pregnant women at the New York Lying-In Hospital from 1932 through 1950. The literature is reviewed and the clinical and pathological features are discussed.
Was That SMART? Institutional Financial Incentives and Field of Study

We examine whether students respond to immediate financial incentives when choosing their college major. From 2006–2007 to 2010–2011, low-income students in technical or foreign language majors could receive up to $8,000 in SMART Grants. Since income-eligibility was determined using a strict threshold, we determine the causal impact of this grant on student major with a regression discontinuity design. Using administrative data from public universities in Texas, we determine that income-eligible students were 3.2 percentage points more likely than their ineligible peers to major in targeted fields. We measure a larger impact of 10.2 percentage points at Brigham Young University.
Growth and Development of the California Red Scale, Aonidiella aurantii

Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell) was reared in the laboratory at 25±0.5°C and 70±5% RH. Growth and development between the 2 sexes were correlated. Males passed rapidly through the prepupal, pupal, and adult stages ; comparable 2nd-instar females molted only once more before they became adults. Overall mortality from the crawler stage to adult females was 14.4%, with crawlers being the most susceptible. During August, most males emerged between 5:30 and 6:30 PM (Pacific daylight time) at illumination levels of 350–525 foot-candles, and emergence ceased by 8 PM when illumination levels fell below 1 foot-candle. Almost all males that emerged during a given afternoon were dead the next morning, and males held in continuous light began dying within 2 hours, 50% were dead within 6–7 hours, and all were dead within 14 hours after emergence. In males of identical age, 88% emerged the first 3 days after eclosion, but stragglers continued to emerge for 13 days. Production of crawlers averaged 352 per female with a range of 102–479. Of total crawler production, 55% occurred during the 1st 5 weeks and 90% during the 1st 10 weeks. The longest reproductive period for any female was 25 weeks.
Left Ventricle Classification Using Active Shape Model and Support Vector Machine

We present the methods and results of building an Active Shape Model ASM of the left ventricle LV and using a Support Vector Machine SVM learning model to classify normal and infarcted LVs provided in the STACOM 2015 Statistical Shape Analysis Challenge dataset. First, all LVs are rigidly registered to a reference LV. In this way, the entire dataset is aligned to the same reference frame. Then, the shape model is obtained by Principal Component Analysis PCA decomposition of the aligned LVs. This allows us to capture the principal modes of variation in the LV shapes and reduce the dimensionality of our data. Next, we train an SVM learning model on our data. To test the performance of the model before using it on the unlabeled test set, we test our method by partitioning the dataset with labels into a training set and a test set of equal sizes. We train the model only using the training set and predict the labels of the test set we created whose labels were known but not used during training. We repeated this for 100 different random partitions and achieved 94i?ź% prediction accuracy with 94i?ź% sensitivity and 93i?ź% specificity on the test set.