cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Endovaginal ultrasonographically guided transvaginal drainage for treatment of pelvic abscesses.

Abstract Objective: This study assessed the ability of endovaginal ultrasonographically directed transvaginal drainage of pelvic abscesses to treat patients who failed intravenous antibiotic therapies and whose abscesses were not amenable to percutaneous or colpotomy drainage. Study design: Thirty-one women who would otherwise have required surgery to treat their pelvic abscesses underwent the procedure. Immediate clinical response and longer-term follow-up results were collected retrospectively. Results: Thirty-four procedures were performed on 31 women. Purulent material (10 to 350 ml) was aspirated in every case. Twenty-six of the 31 women (84%) were successfully treated by drainage. In the 6- to 21-month follow-up period, 10 women remained without problems, eight had sequeise related to pelvic infection, and eight were lost to follow-up. Conclusion: Endovaginal ultrasonographically guided transvaginal drainage is a safe, effective procedure for treatment of pelvic abscesses and should be considered the route of choice for draining collections not amenable to percutaneous or colpotomy drainage.
A Panel-Regression Investigation of Exchange Rate Volatility

This paper offers an empirical explanation behind the dynamics of the overall volatility of exchange rates and its high-frequency, most economically destabilizing components. Spectral methodology is employed to isolate the portion of volatility attributable to high-frequency components, and panel regressions are used to relate the volatility measures to various macroeconomic and policy variables. Given the estimated panel regressions, the paper suggests policies that may help reduce exchange rate volatility in general and along high-frequency components in particular, thereby contributing to financial stability. The paper shows that while the macroeconomic and policy variables affecting the high-frequency components of volatility and overall volatility are generally similar, there are some important differences. The paper also highlights the divergent impacts of policy variables in developed vis-a-vis developing economies. The results are robust with respect to using alternative cut-off frequencies and estimation methods. The presented analysis may help to gain an understanding of the determinants of the most destabilizing components of exchange rate volatility and provide guidance into managing currency crises. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Affective Organizational Commitment as a Predictor of Military Enlistment Discussion and Recommendation

This exploratory study considered the relationship between affective organizational commitment, attitudes toward military advertising, attitudes toward the military and intentions with regard to enlistment in the military. A total of 155 participants participated in an experiment after which they filled out a questionnaire. Results indicated that attitudes toward the ad and attitudes toward the military influence affective organizational commitment. They also showed that affective organizational commitment predicts enlistment discussion and referral intentions. These findings as well as implications and future research opportunities are discussed.
Determination of Rodent Urinary Porphyrins

The porphqrinogenic nature of arsine (AsH) gas was investigated in a laboratory animal inhalation toxicity study. An assay of urinary porphyrins was developed to measure the AsH treatment effects in mice. Because of the paucity of published assays on animal porphyrin production, this assay was developed from modifications of a human urinary porphyrin assay. A high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the low levels of six common urinary porphyrins observed in mouse urine without extensive pretreatment of the urine samples. Data are presented for a normal CDI mouse urinary porphyrin excretion pattern. along with percent recoveries from urine samples spiked with porphyrins from 0.10 to 0.40 nmol/ml.
Identification of the nutritional resources of larval sea lamprey in two Great Lakes tributaries using stable isotopes

Abstract The sea lamprey ( Petromyzon marinus ) is an important invasive parasitic species in the Laurentian Great Lakes, but the nutritional subsidies supporting the protracted filter feeding ammocoete stage are not well established. We used stable isotope ratios (δ 13 C and δ 15 N) to determine the major sources of autochthonous (aquatically produced) and allochthonous (terrestrially produced) organic matter (OM) to the nutrition of ammocoetes collected in 2010 from the Pigeon and Jordan Rivers in Michigan (USA). Ammocoete δ 13 C was positively correlated with animal length and C:N ratio, but δ 15 N was not correlated with either, suggesting that ammocoetes are primary consumers. We used a Bayesian model (MixSIR) to estimate the contributions of potential nutritional sources to ammocoetes. Estimates suggest that aquatic sediments were most important to ammocoete nutrition (median contributions ranged from 49–51%). Aquatic plants, including macrophytes and algae, were also important to ammocoete nutrition with a median contribution of 29%. Terrestrial plants were generally of lesser but still significant importance to ammocoetes, with a median contribution of 19–39%. Our findings generally agree with those of previous studies that have found that inputs of detrital and recently living OM from aquatic primary producers both provide an important source of nutrition for ammocoetes. The present study provides more quantitative estimates of the different forms of OM supporting ammocoete nutrition and biomass.
Delayed Response to Cardiac Resynchronization: Better Late Than Never∗

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has become a cornerstone of treatment in heart failure patients with reduced left ventricular (LV) systolic function and left bundle branch block. Although CRT has been shown to improve LV size and function, reduce symptoms and hospitalizations, and improve
Supracondylar Fractures of Humerus—Prevention of Cubitus Varus

1. A comparative study of six methods of treatment in sixty-seven supracondylar fractures in children is presented. They were handled as orthopaedic emergencies, and, perhaps because of the prompt treatment, vascular complications were avoided. 2. Normal elbow motion resulted following each method of closed treatment but open reduction caused some loss in extension. 3. The seven nerve palsies recorded were transitory. 4. Myositis ossificans complicated one case following open reduction but was not otherwise observed in this series. 5. Overhead threaded pin traction was safe and the swelling of the elbow rapidly decreased as gravity hastened venous and lymphatic drainage. 6. Overhead pin traction prevented residual varus deformity possibly because it provided a position of mild pronation of the forearm. 7. Closed reduction followed by a collar and cuff also prevented residual varus deformity, possibly because of the neutral or pronated position of the forearm. 8. In our opinion the supinated position of the forearm should be avoided in the treatment of supracondylar fractures of the elbow in children.
Histochemical Effects of Apholate on the Reproductive Organs of Southern Corn Rootworm

Effects of apholate on adults of the southern corn rootworm, Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi Barber, were observed. Effects on alkaline phosphatase were determined histochemically by using the calcium phosphate precipitation method commonly known as the Gomori’s technique. The enzyme was demonstrated specific to DNA (deoxyribose nucleic acid) substrate. The decrease in calcium phosphate precipitation in reproductive tissues after the treatment of adults was attributed to inhibition of phosphatase by apholate. The minimum effective amount demonstrated histochemically was 20 µg (2 µliters of 1%) of apholate per adult. At 40 µg, apholate inactivated sperms; at higher concentrations, it was lethal to adults and to sperms of the survivors.
Fluid Substitution in Gas/Water Systems: Revisiting Patchy Saturation

Modeling the effect of fluid saturation in reservoir rocks is essential for hydrocarbon reservoir characterization and monitoring of CO2 during a sequestration experiment. In this paper we investigate the effect of CO2 injection in sandstone, where classically, the two limiting cases are saturations of gas and brine either uniformly distributed or located in large patches. In the patchy case, the saturated patches are large enough so that the effective elastic properties of partially saturated sand gently transition from those of gas sand to those of wet sand throughout the entire saturation range. We compare existing methods and explore a physically consistent way of assessing the elastic properties of sand at partial saturation based on the capillary pressure equilibrium assumption. In order to better understand the influence of water and gas saturation on seismic data, we compare four different methods of fluid substitution at the pore scale for the Oseberg sands. Our results show a range of variation in acoustic impedance, Poisson’s ratio, and reflection coefficient with saturation. These should aid in the interpretation of time-lapse seismic data.
Numerical Study of Straight Annular Seals Versus Convergent Annular Seals at Different Geometries, Surface Roughness, and Operating Conditions

Annular seals are used in many turbomachineries to reduce the leakage from high to low pressure zones. In this paper, 2D CFD simulations are used to analyze the flow inside straight annular seals and convergent tapered annular seals with two different exit clearances. The working fluid used was water. The effect of the geometry and surface roughness on the seal performance was studied at different differential pressures and rotor speeds. Moreover, a new design parameter is introduced that relates the normalized axial pressure gradient to the axial wall shear stress for straight and convergent annular seals. This ratio was found to be constant at different seal geometries, exit clearances, differential pressures, and rotor speeds. This allows designers to consider the effects of various convergent tapered seal designs upon the rotordynamic characteristics of the seal without requiring individual CFD simulations.© 2013 ASME
Variations in the Anatomy of Typhlodromus occidentalis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae)

The anatomy of Typhlodromus occidentalis Nesbitt is highly variable. Specimens found in Utah have unusually long dorsal setae and thus resemble T. longipilus Nesbitt rather than T. occidentalis . The peritremes are extremely short and typical of T. occidentalis , not T. longipilus . Within Utah, some of these phytoseiid mites have characteristics which appear to be genetically determined and which become the normal anatomy of mites found in particular orchard populations. Female mites in some Utah orchards have 4 pairs of ventrianal setae, while 3 pairs predominate in other populations. The prominence of the ventrianal pores also seems to follow population lines. Deformities in the ventrianal plate and losses of single setae occur irregularly.
Effect of Low Temperature and Sparse Light Conditions on Cold Tolerance of Different Rice Lines at Seedling Stage

Low temperature and sparse light conditions in early spring is one of the factor caused lost for rice production. So it is important to develop cold tolerance cultivars. In the present study,cold tolerance characters of 36 parents and 423 rice lines from 68 hybrid groups their filial were investigated at seedling stage under low temperature and sparse light conditions in field. There were 10 parent accessions with strong cold tolerance of scale 1. Among them,3 were common wild rice accessions; 4 were japonica rice cultivars; 2 were indica rice; 1 was offspring from hybrid between indica and japonica. There were 33 lines of strong cold tolerance with index of 1 from the hybrid group of common wild rice,and 15 from the hybrid groups of IRBB5,and only 3 from the groups of BPHR96. There were abundant cold tolerance resources in rice germplasm. It was feasible to develop cold tolerance cultivars from the hybrids among common wild rice,Japonica cultivars and indica cultivars.
Instabilty in total knee replacement: Causes and management

Abstract Instability after total knee replacement can be a common cause for revision surgery, causing pain, swelling, and lack of function in patients. Symptoms of instability can be subtle, so it is important to have a high suspicion when patients complain of persistent or functional limitations after TKR. Causes of knee instability include implant loosening or malposition, polyethylene wear, ligament rupture, or failure to balance the soft tissues at the time of the original procedure. Extension instability usually requires release of the tight soft tissues and placement of a thicker insert, in order to tension the lax soft tissue structures. Flexion instability is addressed by revising the femoral implant to a larger size. A hinged-knee replacement may be necessary in situations of ligament incompetence.
Understanding the viscosity of supercooled liquids and the glass transition through molecular simulations

We discuss a potential energy landscape (PEL) approach to calculate the characteristically sluggish viscous behaviour of supercooled liquids. This phenomenon is central to the theoretical understan...
Expert Sources in Warnings May Reduce the Extent of Identity Disclosure in Cyber Contexts

ABSTRACTIdentity theft is an increasing threat to individuals, institutions, and the economy. People are often not adequately cautious with the disclosure of their personal information in digital contexts and may make poor decisions to reveal private information. Warnings reduce unnecessary information exposure, but the effectiveness may depend on source credibility and expertise on influencing risk perceptions and attitudes. The warnings must be designed for users acting in a digital context. The current research was conducted to determine whether adding a trustworthy and expert source to a message that warned individuals not to disclose their personal information would impact decisions to disclose. First, a survey (pilot study) was conducted to identify the source considered the most trustworthy (among Google, FBI Cyber Division, and Department of Justice) and competent with respect to online security. Google received the highest ratings. In a later experiment, warnings with sources did reduce the exten...
Discussion: Epidemiology and environment

The four papers represent widely varying perspectives and data. They are all informative, but it is difficult to draw a general summary message that applies to all. Therefore I comment on each one individually, making comparisons and drawing common conclusions where possible.
High thermal conductivity in soft elastomers with elongated liquid metal inclusions

Soft dielectric materials typically exhibit poor heat transfer properties due to the dynamics of phonon transport, which constrain thermal conductivity (k) to decrease monotonically with decreasing elastic modulus (E). This thermal-mechanical trade-off is limiting for wearable computing, soft robotics, and other emerging applications that require materials with both high thermal conductivity and low mechanical stiffness. Here, we overcome this constraint with an electrically insulating composite that exhibits an unprecedented combination of metal-like thermal conductivity, an elastic compliance similar to soft biological tissue (Young's modulus 600% strain). By incorporating liquid metal (LM) microdroplets into a soft elastomer, we achieve a ∼25× increase in thermal conductivity (4.7 ± 0.2 W⋅m-1⋅K-1) over the base polymer (0.20 ± 0.01 W⋅m-1·K-1) under stress-free conditions and a ∼50× increase (9.8 ± 0.8 W⋅m-1·K-1) when strained. This exceptional combination of thermal and mechanical properties is enabled by a unique thermal-mechanical coupling that exploits the deformability of the LM inclusions to create thermally conductive pathways in situ. Moreover, these materials offer possibilities for passive heat exchange in stretchable electronics and bioinspired robotics, which we demonstrate through the rapid heat dissipation of an elastomer-mounted extreme high-power LED lamp and a swimming soft robot.
Buying the Haystack: New Roles for Academic Business Libraries

Academic libraries have long been responsible for purchasing and licensing web-based databases, making them available to all students and faculty at their universities. Now, a growing number of faculty seeking unique data for their research are requesting stand-alone, locally hosted data sets that are useful to only a few researchers. These data sets are often unavailable on WRDS, cannot be licensed for the whole campus, and may require the intervention of a librarian to make them accessible for research. Playing a role in providing one-off data sets to individuals or small groups of faculty offers opportunities for academic business libraries to create new value for their users, but the role also comes with challenges
A valence-free definition of sociality as any violation of inter-individual independence

Well over 90% of studies in biomedical sciences are performed on single animals. While knowledge of the genetics, development and physiology of single individuals accrues, an understanding of the biological mechanisms by which individuals interact has barely budged. Yet many of society's greatest problems derive from an inability of humans to get along with each other. Studies in social neuroscience are primarily observational and rarely employ subjects who physically interact. Thus, social interaction represents a largely unexplored frontier of biology. The neuroscience that underlies social behaviour and interactions can and should be studied using the scientific method. However, a workable and objective definitional framework of sociality is needed for scientific progress in this field. Here we propose a definition that uses a test of independence from the presence of others. The null hypothesis is that a behaviour is independent from the influence of others. Rejection of this null hypothesis means that the actions of an individual depend on the actions of one or more other individuals. This definition has the advantages of not being contaminated by moral judgements or biases in favour of pro-social behaviour, and of being applicable to a wide range of physiological processes. The definition of a social behaviour proposed here says nothing regarding the valence of the behaviour with respect to others. Thus, a behaviour that is influenced by the presence of others may benefit, harm, or have no effect on others. It is hoped that this definitional framework for sociality will facilitate our understanding of the origins and mechanisms of social behaviour among animals including humans as well as offer efficacious approaches to social disorders such as autism.
Community Prejudice Is Also to Blame: Significant Causes and Effects of Residential Segregation in St. Louis:

Recent discourse has emphasized the legal causes of racial segregation in the development of cities such as St. Louis, Missouri. Before and alongside these laws were a long history of community pre...
The value of the grid and the role of the utility in managing it

Abstract Distributed energy resources and electrification are countervailing trends in the electricity business. DER challenges the traditional electric utility business model, while electrification presents new opportunities for the economy, for the environment, and for utilities. Both of these new developments highlight the importance of the electric grid, and the critical need for utilities to manage this integrated grid of the future.
Expelled Once Again: The Failure of the Fantasized Self in Philip Roth's Nemesis

In Nemesis (2010) the misguided attempts to create and to live an anxiously figured counterlife turn catastrophic as Roth’s Bucky Cantor, the Jewish warrior of the Weequahic playgrounds, attempts to step out of his life and reinvent himself. Here the art of impersonation is shown to be an impossible failure. For the deluded Bucky Cantor is inevitably stricken, not only with polio, but with the illusion that he can walk out of one life—the life bequeathed to him—and inhabit the lives of others. Roth shows the desire to live out the counterlife to be the ultimate self-delusion, exposing instead, as Zuckerman long ago suspected, the tragic certainty that, instead of the wishful fabrication of “turning what-was into what-wasn’t or what-might-be into what-was—there was only the deadly earnest this-is-it of what-is.” In Nemesis Roth reveals the tragic impossibility of self-reinvention, exposing the ways in which his ill-fated protagonist is an heir to history in the making. Roth’s Newark becomes the metaphorical point of connection of two menacing historical events: the devastating outbreak of polio running rampant throughout the city and the heightening peril of the Nazi assault on Europe’s Jews. The language of the one evokes the reality of the other, the war haunting the course of the polio epidemic, an analogy exacerbated by palpably reactive American anti-Semitism.
Detecting Intentional Errors Using the Pressures Applied to a Computer Mouse

Intentional errors are considered a form of deceit. In this pilot study, the pressures applied to a computer mouse will be analyzed to determine if it is possible to detect intentional errors. Twenty participants ranging in age from 18 to 21 years performed a task involving intentionally making errors when instructed. A comparison will be made between the pressures applied to a computer mouse when answering the questions with the intention of being correct and with the intention of making an error. The data will need to be normalized for each individual to obtain accurate results. The analysis of the pressures may indicate that there are detectable variations within some individuals. Due to the preliminary nature of this study further research will be required.
Speech-Enabling The WWW

The World Wide Web (WWW) is a global hypertext system for efficiently authoring, sharing and distributing knowledge. Electronic information revolutionizes information interchange by replacing printed paper, a passive intermediary, by a computational device capable of disseminating and manipulating digital information. By connecting together such computational devices around the world, The WWW has the potential to enable the pooling of information resources to achieve a knowledge base whose sum total is greater than the individual parts making up this global information system — Ram97b.
10 – Electrical Engineering

Publisher Summary Electrical concepts and theory are of relatively recent origin compared with other fields of science. This chapter provides an overview of a few of the major topics of importance to electrical engineering. The entire field of electrical engineering may be divided into power generation and distribution, electronics and communications, and systems analysis and control. Subjects that are basic to all of these endeavors include principles of conduction, circuit theory, electromagnetic theory, and performance of electrical components. Electronics involves devices and circuits in the design of components such as rectifiers, amplifiers, and control circuits used in radio, sound systems, television, computers, radar, and telecommunications equipment of all sorts. This is a huge area of activity which is changing rapidly, and today many electrical engineers work in this area. Galileo discussed sound waves and their relatively slow speed of movement compared with the speed of light in his works. Galileo pointed out that the speed of light is very much greater than the speed of sound, and described an experiment designed to estimate the speed of light.
More Visitors, Less Crowding: Change and Stability of Norms Over Time at the Apostle Islands

Most recreation carrying capacity management is informed by cross-sectional research. But, what happens when visitor composition and perceptions change? This study used a longitudinal design to exa...
Community-Based Participatory Research

Background and Purpose—Acute stroke treatments are underutilized primarily because of delayed hospital arrival. Using a community-based participatory research approach, we explored stroke self-efficacy, knowledge, and perceptions of stroke among a predominately African American population in Flint, Michigan. Methods—In March 2010, a survey was administered to youth and adults after religious services at 3 churches and during 1 church health day. The survey consisted of vignettes (12 stroke, 4 nonstroke) to assess knowledge of stroke warning signs and behavioral intent to call 911. The survey also assessed stroke self-efficacy, personal knowledge of someone who had experienced a stroke, personal history of stroke, and barriers to calling 911. Linear regression models explored the association of stroke self-efficacy with behavioral intent to call 911 among adults. Results—Two hundred forty-two adults and 90 youths completed the survey. Ninety-two percent of adults and 90% of youth respondents were African A...
Adherence to Disease-Modifying Therapies at a Multiple Sclerosis Clinic: The Role of the Specialty Pharmacist.

Background:Disease-modifying therapy (DMT) delays disease progression and improves quality of life for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), but adherence to DMT is often suboptimal. Vanderbilt Sp...
Ni-Catalyzed Cross-Electrophile Coupling for the Synthesis of Skipped Polyenes.

Skipped polyenes featuring high (E)-selectivity and varying methyl substitution patterns are synthesized using a nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction between allyl trifluoroacetates and vinyl bromides. The utility of this cross-electrophile coupling is showcased in part by the synthesis of the RST fragment of the marine ladder polyether, maitotoxin. Construction of this fragment is particularly challenging due to the alternating methyl substitution pattern.
Mark-Recapture Density Estimation for Animals with Large Home Ranges

Mark-recapture studies of animals with large home ranges typically involve many individuals that routinely traverse study area boundaries. Radio-collars can be used to determine the number of marked animals available for capture, but if the recapture period is long, some animals may be present only part-time; treating these as full-time occupants would overestimate density. A density estimator proposed in this paper weights each animal by the proportion of time it spends on the study area during the recapture period. Summing these animal-equivalents yields an estimate of the average number of marked animals simultaneously residing in the designated area. Likewise, animal- equivalents can be calculated for unmarked animals that are captured and radio-collared. These individuals may spend less time in the trapping area than previously marked animals, either because they live near the edge or are merely passing through. Probabilities of capture, thus, may differ between marked and unmarked animals, as well as among marked animals, depending on the size and location of their home range, and consequent differing lengths of exposure to traps. Defining each parameter in the Petersen equation in terms of summed animal-equivalents compensates for these differences. The need for this modification increases with increasing home range size relative to the size of the recapture area. An application of this technique with black bears (Ursus americanus) is presented.
Overview of Numerical Methods: Introduction to Analytical Methods in Sports

In this chapter we discuss the history of applications of analytical methods to problems in sports and provide an overview of some analytical methods (graphs, probability, regression analysis, and mathematical programming) that are commonly applied to various problems in sports. We consider the long and complicated relationship between statistics and sports and the struggle to gain acceptance for statistical analyses in professional sports. We also highlight some analytical methods commonly applied to sports problems, including graphs, probability and probability models, regression analysis, and mathematical programming. Finally, we briefly discuss ways in which instructors use sports examples to teach analytics methods.
Teledermatology in Tijuana, Mexico.

The Health Frontiers in Tijuana (HFiT) clinic is a binational partnership between the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine (San Diego, California); the Universidad Autonoma de Baja California School of Medicine (Tijuana, Mexico); and Desayunador Salesiano Padre Chava, a community grassroots organization in Tijuana, Mexico. Health Frontiers in Tijuana provides accessible quality health care for the underserved in Tijuana's Zona Norte. This article is a narrative meant to share my clinical experience as a dermatology resident who worked with HFiT to establish teledermatology services at this clinic.
Diagnosis of congenital anomoly of pediatric kidneys by high frequency ultrasound

Objective To discuss the significance of high frequency ultrasound for diagnosis of congenital anomoly of pediatric kidneys. Methods Totally 118 patients with congenital anomoly of pediatric kidneys were examined with high frequency ultrasound,the characteristics of the images were analysed.Results Congenital anomoly kidneys had great diversity of variety in number,size,position,axial direction,abnormal vein and renal pelvis. In the 118 cases,pelvi ureteric stenosis was in 72 cases,renal duplication in 23,renal hypoplasia in 10,kidney deficit in 7,rotatory anomaly in 1,fused kidney in 1,and double renal pelvis in 4. Conclusions High frequency ultrasound is beneficial for diagnosing and differential diagnosing congenital anomoly of pediatric kidneys. Key words: Ultrasonography; Child; Kidney; Urogenital abnormalities
The developing microbiome and inflammatory bowel diseases

Abstract The human intestinal microbiome is a biological system inherently associated with the development of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), Crohn’s disease, and ulcerative colitis. These disorders are chronic forms of intestinal inflammation, which are generally accepted to develop as a result of an uncontrolled mucosal immune response in genetically susceptible hosts, which is induced by environmental triggers that are more common in the economically advanced parts of the world. Important observations indicate that perturbation of early microbiome maturation in humans may significantly increase the risk for developing IBD later in life. Therefore, understanding and protecting physiologic intestinal microbiome development, especially during infancy may provide an important opportunity for us to defend people from developing these autoimmune inflammatory conditions of the gut. This chapter examines the role of the microbiome in IBD from the developmental origins perspective. It highlights the significant challenges and opportunities ahead of us for creating microbiome directed preventative and therapeutic measures not only for IBD, but perhaps other autoimmune diseases as well.
Steps towards standardized quantification of adult neurogenesis

New neurons are generated in adult mammals. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is considered to play an important role in cognition and mental health. The number and properties of newly born neurons are regulatable by a broad range of physiological and pathological conditions. To begin to understand the underlying cellular mechanisms and functional relevance of adult neurogenesis, many studies rely on quantification of adult-born neurons. However, lack of standardized methods to quantify new neurons is impeding research reproducibility across laboratories. Here, we review the importance of stereology, and propose why and how it should be applied to the study of adult neurogenesis.
"Redeployed" - A radiology resident's perspective in a converted intensive care unit.

• A redeployed radiology resident's perspective on COVID-19 • Converted intensive care units in the COVID-19 era • Radiology on the front lines of COVID-19
Diversity and Inclusion in the American Legal Profession: Workplace Accommodations for Lawyers with Disabilities and Lawyers Who Identify as LGBTQ.

Purpose: Workplace accommodations, vital for employees with disabilities, promote diversity and inclusion efforts in organizations. This article examines who requests accommodations and who is more likely to have requests granted. We investigate the roles of individual characteristics and their intersection, including disability, sexual orientation, gender, race/ethnicity, and age. Methods: Using data from a national survey of U.S. lawyers, we estimate the odds of requesting accommodations and having the requests approved. We also estimate differences in odds according to individual characteristics, adjusting for control variables. Results: Personal identity factors, such as disability status, gender, and age, predict requests for accommodations. Odds of requesting accommodations were higher for women and people with disabilities as compared to men and those without disabilities, but lower for older individuals. Odds of requesting accommodations were higher for an older population segment—older lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer (LGBQ) lawyers—than for younger lawyers. Accommodations were granted differentially to individuals with multiple marginalized identities. Counter to predictions, being a person with a disability is negatively associated with having an accommodation granted. Older lawyers generally have higher odds of having accommodations granted, but odds for groups such as women and racial/ethnic minorities decline with age. LGBQ lawyers who are racial minorities have lower odds than White LGBQ lawyers of having their accommodations granted. Longer tenure increases the odds of requesting accommodations. Working for a private organization decreases the odds; working for a large organization generally increases the odds. Conclusions: Those most needing accommodations, such as lawyers with disabilities and women, are more likely to request accommodations. Disabled lawyers, older women lawyers, older racial/ethnic minority lawyers, and LGBQ minority lawyers have relatively low odds of having requests granted. The results highlight the need to consider intersectional identities in the accommodation process.
Dual regulation of the actin cytoskeleton by CARMIL-GAP

ABSTRACT CARMIL (Capping protein Arp2/3 Myosin I Linker) proteins are multi-domain scaffold proteins that regulate actin dynamics by regulating the activity of Capping Protein (CP). Here we characterize CARMIL-GAP, a Dictyostelium CARMIL isoform that contains a ~130 residue insert that, by homology, is a GTPase activating (GAP) domain for Rho-related GTPases. Consistently, this GAP domain binds Dictyostelium Rac1a and accelerates its rate of GTP hydrolysis. CARMIL-GAP concentrates with F-actin in phagocytic cups and at the leading edge of chemotaxing cells, and cells devoid of CARMIL-GAP exhibit pronounced defects in phagocytosis and chemotactic streaming. Importantly, these defects are fully rescued by the re-expression of CARMIL-GAP. Finally, the rescue of CARMIL-GAP null cells with versions of CARMIL-GAP that lack either GAP activity or the ability to regulate CP show that while both activities contribute significantly to CARMIL-GAP function, the GAP activity plays the bigger role. Together, our results add to the growing evidence that CARMIL proteins influence actin dynamics by regulating signaling molecules as well as CP, and that the continuous cycling of Rho GTPases between their GTP and GDP bound states is often required to drive Rho-dependent biological processes. SUMMARY STATEMENT The assembly of actin filaments supports a wide array of fundamental cellular functions, including cell migration and phagocytosis. Actin assembly is controlled by a host of regulatory proteins, with Capping Protein being one of the most important. Capping Protein is in turn regulated by the CARMIL family of proteins. Actin assembly is also controlled by signaling pathways that often converge on Rho-related GTPases like Rac1. These GTPases cycle between an active, GTP-bound state and an inactive, GDP-bound state. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and guanine nucleotide activating proteins (GAPs) drive Rho-related GTPases to their GTP-bound and GDP-bound states, respectively. Here we characterized a version of CARMIL that contains within it a GAP domain for Rac1. We show that CARMILGAP supports the actin-based processes of cell migration and phagocytosis. We also show that while CARMIL-GAP’s ability to regulate Capping Protein and the nucleotide state of Rac1 are both important for its cellular functions, its ability to regulate Rac1 via its GAP domain plays the bigger role. Finally, our data support the emerging concept that the continuous cycling of Rho GTPases between their GTP-bound and GDP-bound states is often required to drive Rho-dependent biological processes.
Eclectic Truth Poetry Slam to Baton Rouge SLAM! An Obituary for Summer 2016: a recording of critical performance ethnography

This account of critical performance ethnography focuses on how Eclectic Truth Poetry Slam in Baton Rouge, LA, responded to a crisis-filled summer 2016. Summer 2016: political tensions were at a bo...
A Review of Hybrid Mode of Inpatient Care and Homecare Design Based on IoMT Technology

IoMT has been developing fast since 2014 to support the healthcare industry around the world. This revolution will not only improve healthcare quality tremendously for both patients and givers but also advance the interrelationship between human behavior and the built environment. The United States owns the most advanced healthcare system worldwide; however, it has been facing many tough issues, such as facility limitation, healthcare insurance, and healthcare accessibility, etc. With the help of IoMT, the healthcare system is transferring from inpatient hospital-centered mode to hybrid mode (homecare and inpatient care). With this process, the healthcare system can be greatly improved, where healthcare givers and patients are supported by their health assistant devices to facilitate a healthier Ilife, sustainable environment, and good behaviors.
Stress-directed compositional patterning of SiGe substrates for lateral quantum barrier manipulation

While vertical stacking of quantum well and dot structures is well established in heteroepitaxial semiconductor materials, manipulation of quantum barriers in the lateral directions poses a significant engineering challenge. Here, we demonstrate lateral quantum barrier manipulation in a crystalline SiGe alloy using structured mechanical fields to drive compositional redistribution. To apply stress, we make use of a nano-indenter array that is pressed against a Si0.8Ge0.2 wafer in a custom-made mechanical press. The entire assembly is then annealed at high temperatures, during which the larger Ge atoms are selectively driven away from areas of compressive stress. Compositional analysis of the SiGe substrates reveals that this approach leads to a transfer of the indenter array pattern to the near-surface elemental composition, resulting in near 100% Si regions underneath each indenter that are separated from each other by the surrounding Si0.8Ge0.2 bulk. The “stress transfer” process is studied in detail us...
Gastrin Is a Major Mediator of the Gastric Phase of Acid Secretion in Dogs: Proof by Monoclonal Antibody Neutralization

Abstract We developed a monoclonal antibody, 28.2, that binds specifically to the amidated carboxyl terminal region common to gastrin and cholecystokinin. This immunoglobulin G 1 antibody has high affinity (ID 50 = 30–70 pM for gastrin and cholecystokinin peptides), binds labeled gastrin similarly at 37 °C and 4 °C, and shows minimal inhibition of binding in the presence of 40% canine serum. Antibody 28.2 was used to carry out in vivo immunoneutralization studies in 8 dogs previously prepared with chronic gastric fistulas. Preliminary studies revealed that a single intravenous dose of 0.75 mg of partially purified immunoglobulin G of monoclonal antibody 28.2 completely inhibited the acid stimulatory effect of exogenous gastrin-17 given intravenously at 200 pmol/kg · h, a physiologic dose, and inhibited by 70% the acid response to a supraphysiologic dose, 800 pmol/kg · h. The same dose of antibody decreased the acid secretory response obtained during distention of the stomach with 300 ml of 5.8% glucose solution by 98% and decreased the response to distention with 300 ml of 8% peptone solution by 68%. A 10-fold higher dose of antibody decreased the acid response to peptone by 96%. The gastrin antibody had no effect on the acid response to exogenous histamine. A control antibody, specific for the biologically inactive glycine-extended gastrin/cholecystokinin peptapeptide region, had no significant effect on gastric acid secretion stimulated by gastrin or by gastric distention with nutrients. These studies indicate that circulating gastrin is of major importance in the gastric phase of gastric acid stimulation caused by distention of the stomach with nutrients.
More Than Title IX: How Equity in Education has Shaped the Nation by Katherine Hanson, Vivian Guilfoy, and Sarita Pillai

Margaret Mead got it right when she observed: “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed citizens can change the world; indeed, it's the only thing that ever has.” This book is all ab...
Food in African Brazilian Candomblé

The aim of this article is to highlight the importance of food in the rituals of African Brazilian Candomble, as well as in its cosmovision (world view). A brief description of Candomble’s historical trajectory is provided in order to show how food offerings became part of its rituals and how specific ingredients became symbolically significant in this belief system. According to the theories applied, it is possible that food has at least two functions in Candomble: to materialize principles and also to work as a ritual language. To show the role of food in Candomble the state of Bahia was taken as a case study – firstly because Candomble started there and secondly because, as this article shows, the sacred foods of Candomble are also consumed in everyday life, outside of religious situations, but just as importantly constituting a part of Bahian cultural identity. The dishes that feature in the ritualised meals and at the same time in Bahians’ everyday eating are described at the conclusion of the article, with a mention of their ingredients and to whom they are offered. The research sources included publications by Candomble believers and scholars of religion, as well as cooks and journalists specialising in Bahian cuisine.
Roles, Attitudes, and Training Needs of Behavioral Health Clinicians in Integrated Primary Care

As integrated primary care (IPC) evolves, so does the new role of the behavioral health clinician (BHC). At present, mental health providers from various specialties are working as BHCs and adapting their training and skills to work as part of the medical team. The purpose of this qualitative study is to explore the experiences of BHCs who work in IPC so as to better understand their roles, attitudes, and training needs. The themes that emerged from semi-structured interviews suggest that the roles of a BHC are multifaceted and rooted in a holistic mind-body approach. Participants supported the need for additional training in graduate programs and internships for integrated care. The results informed a conceptual model of BHCs working in IPC.
Self-aligned magnetic dipole moments of Fe2O3 formed within sol–gel matrix

Abstract Fe2O3 nanoparticles were formed within SiO2 framework via a sol–gel co-precipitation synthesis route. Various weight percentages of Fe2O3 in the composites ranging from 8.6 to 52.8 wt.% were formulated. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectra indicated the formation of α-phase Fe2O3 nanoparticles. EPR spectra of the Fe2O3 nanocomposites were found to depend significantly on the weight composition of Fe2O3. The composite with a sufficiently large amount of Fe2O3 was found to show a nonzero absorption at zero-applied field, which indicates the partial alignment of magnetic dipole moments within the composites. From Q factor measurements we further found that such sufficiently loaded composites show substantial microwave absorption capability.
748-5 Collateral Flow Determination During Coronary Occlusion with Tc-99m-Sestamibi: Validation in a Closed Chest Canine Model

The purpose of this study was to determine whether tomographic imaging with Tc-99m-Sestamibi (MIBI) can identify collateral flow during coronary occlusion as measured by radiolabelled microspheres. Seven anesthetized mongrel dogs underwent 40 minutes of proximal coronary occlusion by a percutaneous 3.0 balloon catheter. At 30 minutes of occlusion, microspheres were injected via a transseptal left atrial catheter; simultaneously, 30 mCi of MIBI were injected intravenously. Tomographic imaging was performed 45 minutes after reperfusion. Following sacrifice 2–4 hours after reperfusion, the heart was sliced into 5 short-axis slices which were placed on the camera face for imaging. Tissue activity of MIBI and microspheres were determined for 2 gm segments(n = 417) in a well counter. Coliateral flow by MIBI was calculated by the ratio of minimum/maximum counts (severity) for each pathologic and tomographic slice (n = 29) using previously published methods. Area at risk was 19–48% of the left ventricle. Tissue MIBI activity was highly correlated with myocardial blood flow in myocardial segments for each dog (r = 0.89–0.98, median r = 0.95). This correlation remained significant when only severely ischemic segments (l0.3 ml/gm/min blood flow, n = 77). were analyzed (r = 0.85, p l 0.0001). There was a significant correlation between the lowest values of blood flow in the ischemic zone of each pathologic slice and MIBI collateral flow estimates for pathologic (r = 0.85, p l 0.0001) and tomographic (r = 0.78, p l 0.0001) short-axis slices. Conclusion (1) Two to 4 hours after reperfusion, MIBI tissue levels closely parallel myocardial blood flow measured during occlusion within the ischemic zone. (2) When MIBI is injected during occlusion, the severity of the tomographic perfusion defect acquired after reperfusion is determined primarily by collateral flow in the ischemic zone.
Aquifer parameter prediction in leaky aquifers

Abstract The finite element—least-squares optimization algorithm is utilized to identify the hydrogeologic field parameters of a multi-layer aquifer system. The technique developed relies on accurate steady state piezometric head data for each aquifer in the multi-layered system. The least-squares iterative approach presented here systematically adjusts the local transmissivity values and the resistance parameters of the confining layers until a good fit is achieved between the observed and computed piezometric head values at several locations. This is an iterative approach which automates the trial and error model calibration process and extends it to a multi-layer system. The technique is applied to a field problem with considerable success. The algorithm shows promise as a practical tool and a definite alternative to the manual trial and error model calibration approach.
Inhaled drugs for the prevention and treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is one of the most common long-term complications and treatment challenges in preterm infants. Theoretically, inhaled corticosteroids may suppress pulmonary inflammation without causing systemic side-effects, while bronchodilators will improve airway resistance and thereby work of breathing. This article reviews current data on these drugs in BPD prevention or treatment. Trials published to date have not demonstrated that regular bronchodilator administration influences the incidence of BPD or improves long-term outcome. Inhaled steroids started before 2 weeks of age may improve rates of successful extubation and reduce the need for rescue systemic glucocorticoids, but have not been shown to reduce the incidence of BPD. Thus, their use cannot be generally recommended. The data currently available are not sufficient to give any clearer recommendation on the use of these drugs in infants at high risk of, or established, BPD.