cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Quasi-linear variable exponent boundary value problems with Wentzell–Robin and Wentzell boundary conditions

Let p∈C0,1(Ω¯) be such that 1<p⁎⩽p⁎<∞1<p⁎⩽p⁎<∞, let Ω⊆RNΩ⊆RN be a bounded W1,p(⋅)W1,p(⋅)-extension domain, and let μ be an upper d-Ahlfors measure supported on ∂Ω with d∈(N−p⁎,N)d∈(N−p⁎,N). We investigate the solvability of a class of quasi-linear boundary value problems involving the p(⋅)p(⋅)-Laplace and p(⋅)p(⋅)-Laplace–Beltrami operators, and either classical Wentzell–Robin boundary conditions Δp(⋅)udμ+|∇u|p(⋅)−2∂u∂νdHN−1+β|u|p(⋅)−2udμ=0on ∂Ω, or general fully Wentzell-type boundary conditions of the form Δp(⋅)udμ−Δp(⋅),∂Ωudμ+|∇u|p(⋅)−2∂u∂νdHN−1+β|u|p(⋅)−2udμ=0on∂Ω, where β∈L∞(∂Ω,dμ)β∈L∞(∂Ω,dμ) is such that infx∈∂Ωβ(x)⩾β0 for some constant β0>0β0>0, and ∂u∂νdHN−1 denotes the generalized p(⋅)p(⋅)-normal derivative on ∂Ω (in the interpretative sense). We prove that the realization of the p(⋅)p(⋅)-Laplace operator with both of the above boundary conditions generate (nonlinear) ultracontractive submarkovian C0C0-semigroups on L2(Ω,dx)×L2(∂Ω,dμ)L2(Ω,dx)×L2(∂Ω,dμ), and hence, their associated first order Cauchy problems are both well posed on Lq(⋅)(Ω,dx)×Lq(⋅)(∂Ω,dμ)Lq(⋅)(Ω,dx)×Lq(⋅)(∂Ω,dμ) for all measurable function q with 1⩽q⁎⩽q⁎<∞1⩽q⁎⩽q⁎<∞. In addition, we investigate the associated quasi-linear elliptic problem with general Wentzell boundary conditions, and obtain existence, uniqueness and global regularity of weak solutions to this equation.
MDCT diagnosis of appendicitis using only coronal reformations

The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of diagnosing appendicitis based on coronal reformations without the aid of transverse images. Abdominal and pelvic computed tomography (CT) scans of 53 patients (27 with appendicitis and 26 without appendicitis) were reviewed. All scans were obtained using a four-slice multi-detector row CT. The radiologists were not aware of the final diagnosis. Cases were reviewed for the visualization of the appendix and presence of appendicitis. All images were reviewed on picture archiving and communication systems. There were no false positives for diagnosing appendicitis when using either the transverse or coronal reformations. Appendicitis was not seen on the coronal images in one case, and there were no false negatives when transverse reformations alone were used. This difference was not statistically significant (p < 0.0001 for both modes of display). The sensitivity for diagnosing appendicitis based on the coronal images alone was 96%, the specificity was 100%, and the accuracy was 98%. Coronal reformations decreased the number of images reviewed by 19%. CT diagnosis of appendicitis based on the coronal images is accurate.
Prognostic value of thyroid hormone levels in patients evaluated for liver transplantation

The thyroid hormones T4, T3, rT3 and TSH were assayed in 134 adult patients evaluated and accepted as potential liver transplant candidates at the University of Pittsburgh from March, 1981 to December, 1983. The subsequent course of these patients was evaluated with respect to the levels of these hormones obtained at the time of acceptance for transplantation. T4 levels were increased significantly while their T3 levels were reduced (both p less than 0.01) in those who survived and were discharged home as compared to either those who died waiting to be transplanted or died following the procedure. As a result, the ratio of T3/T4 was reduced markedly (p less than 0.01) in those who were transplanted and survived as compared to those not transplanted or dying following transplantation. Importantly, the rT3 levels clearly separated (p less than 0.01) those who would die prior to transplantation from those who would survive to be transplanted. Finally, the ratio rT3/T3 even more clearly separates those who will die prior to transplantation (p less than 0.01) from the other two groups. These data suggest that thyroid hormone levels, particularly rT3 levels, might be useful in setting priorities for which patients referred for a transplantation evaluation should be accepted into the program and in determining who among accepted patients should be operated upon in preference to others also accepted and waiting to be transplanted.
Article clipper: a system for web article extraction

Many people use the Web as the main source of information in their daily lives. However, most web pages contain non-informative components such as side bars, footers, headers, and advertisements, which are undesirable for certain applications like printing. We demonstrate a system that automatically extracts the informative contents from news- and blog-like web pages. In contrast to many existing methods that are limited to identifying only the text or the bounding rectangular region, our system not only identifies the content but also the structural roles of various content components such as title, paragraphs, images and captions. The structural information enables re-layout of the content in a pleasing way. Besides the article text extraction, our system includes the following components: 1) print-link detection to identify the URL link for printing, and to use it for more reliable analysis and recognition; 2) title detection incorporating both visual cues and HTML tags; 3) image and caption detection utilizing extensive visual cues; 4) multiple-page and next page URL detection. The performance of our system has been thoroughly evaluated using a human labeled ground truth dataset consisting of 2000 web pages from 100 major web sites. We show accurate results using such a dataset.
DOT Guided Fluorescence Molecular Tomography of Tumor Cell Quantification in Mice

DOT guided fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) is used to image tumor cells in mouse. FMT reconstruction results with and without DOT guided are presented. Cell quantification and tumor localization are improved with DOT guidance.
Acceleration of the Acrosome Reaction and Activation of Guinea Pig Spermatozoa by Detergents and Other Reagents

In vivo, guinea pig spermatozoa do not begin to undergo the acrosome reaction and to penetrate eggs until 4 to 10 h after they are deposited in the female genital tract. When spermatozoa are incubated in a modified Krebs-Ringer’s solution containing 0.003 percent Hyamine, the majority of them exhibit both the acrosome reaction and activation within 10-15 mm and become capable of penetrating eggs. The acrosome reaction and activation induced by Hyamine are reversibly blocked when calcium ions are omitted from the medium. Other reagents capable of inducing an accelerated acrosome reaction and/or activation include: Triton, Brig, saponin, nonanol, nystatin, mersalyl acid, dibucane, procaine, neotetrazolium chloride, nitro blue tetrazolium, chloroquine, calcium ionophore, unheated sera of the rabbit and guinea pig, rabbit complement and pronase. The study shows that guinea pig spermatozoa are potentially capable of an immediate acrosome reaction and activation upon leaving the epididymis.
Comments on integral variants of ISS

Abstract This note discusses two integral variants of the input-to-state stability (ISS) property, which represent nonlinear generalizations of L2 stability, in much the same way that ISS generalizes L∞ stability. Both variants are equivalent to ISS for linear systems. For general nonlinear systems, it is shown that one of the new properties is strictly weaker than ISS, while the other one is equivalent to it. For bilinear systems, a complete characterization is provided of the weaker property. An interesting fact about functions of type KL is proved as well.
Prospective comparison of a conventional and an accelerated protocol for programmed ventricular stimulation in patients with coronary artery disease.

BACKGROUNDThis study compared the sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency of a "conventional" and "accelerated" programmed stimulation protocol in 293 patients with coronary artery disease who had a history of sustained or nonsustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT).METHODS AND RESULTSIn the conventional protocol, one and two extrastimuli were introduced during sinus rhythm and during basic drive trains at cycle lengths of 600 and 400 msec at the right ventricular apex and then at the outflow tract or septum. In the accelerated protocol, one, two, and then three extrastimuli were introduced at each of three basic drive train cycle lengths (350, 400, and 600 msec) at the right ventricular apex; the procedure was repeated at a second right ventricular site. Six hundred thirty-four electrophysiological tests were performed using one of these two protocols either in the baseline state (293 tests) or during drug testing (341 tests). The yield of sustained, monomorphic VT was 89% with the conventiona...
Enhancer- and silencer-like sequences that mediate insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2 gene expression in uterine cells of pregnancy.

The regulation of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) gene transcription in specific cell and developmental contexts is not well understood. Here, we identified DNA regions that mediate IGFBP-2 gene transcription in two of the three major cell types of the uterine endometrium of the early pregnant pig. Two clusters of transcriptional start sites at nucleotides −109/−105 and −96/−87 (+1, translational initiation site) in the porcine IGFBP-2 gene were localized in uterine endometrium and in primary cultures of endometrial glandular epithelial (GE) and stromal (ST) fibroblastic cells. Upstream regions of this gene (spanning −1397/+73) were fused to a luciferase reporter gene, and the constructs were transiently transfected into endometrial GE and ST cells representative of pregnancy days 12 and 18 (day 115 = parturition). A short (110 bp) upstream region (−874/−765) stimulated the IGFBP-2 and heterologous SV40 promoters in the two cell types at both pregnancy days. Two noncontiguous copies...
A Preliminary Analysis of Group Behavior of Homosexuals

(1956). A Preliminary Analysis of Group Behavior of Homosexuals. The Journal of Psychology: Vol. 42, No. 2, pp. 217-225.
T Lymphocytes Contribute to Antiviral Immunity and Pathogenesis in Experimental Human Metapneumovirus Infection

Human metapneumovirus (hMPV), a member of the family Paramyxoviridae, is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children, the elderly, and immunocompromised patients. Virus- and host-specific mechanisms of pathogenesis and immune protection are not fully understood. By an intranasal inoculation model, we show that hMPV-infected BALB/c mice developed clinical disease, including airway obstruction and hyperresponsiveness (AHR), along with histopathologic evidence of lung inflammation and viral replication. hMPV infection protected mice against subsequent viral challenge, as demonstrated by undetectable viral titers, lack of body weight loss, and a significant reduction in the level of lung inflammation. No cross-protection with other paramyxoviruses, such as respiratory syncytial virus, was observed. T-lymphocyte depletion studies showed that CD4+ and CD8+ T cells cooperate synergistically in hMPV eradication during primary infection, but CD4+ more than CD8+ T cells also enhanced clinical disease and lung pathology. Concurrent depletion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells completely blocked airway obstruction as well as AHR. Despite impaired generation of neutralizing anti-hMPV antibodies in the absence of CD4+ T cells, mice had undetectable viral replication after hMPV challenge and were protected from clinical disease, suggesting that protection can be provided by an intact CD8+ T-cell compartment. Whether these findings have implications for naturally acquired human infections remains to be determined.
Stereotactic radiosurgical treatment of parenchymal brain metastases from prostate adenocarcinoma

Abstract Background Prostate cancer metastatic to the brain is uncommon and has been associated historically with a poor prognosis. It has been suggested that SRS may be an effective treatment. Methods We analyzed a prospective, institutional review board–approved database of patients treated with SRS and identified 5 patients with prostate cancer metastasis. Clinical, pathologic, radiographic, treatment, and outcome information regarding the primary/systemic disease status, and brain metastases were collected. Results Mean age at the time of treatment for CNS parenchymal metastasis was 72.0 ± 8.3 years and lesions developed 82.0 ± 65.1 months after the initial tumor was identified. Four patients had a single lesion and 1 had 4; 3 patients were treated with SRS alone, 1 with WBRT and SRS, and 1 with surgery, then WBRT and SRS. All were symptomatic. Stereotactic radiosurgery controlled the brain metastases in all 5 patients, with functional improvement and with a typical increase of 1 grade in the Karnofsky performance score. Mean survival was at least 10.0 ± 6.7 months (range, 6-22+ months). Two patients died of conditions unrelated to prostate cancer and 2 of systemic disease progression; 1is alive and asymptomatic. There were no local SRS failures and no new CNS lesions. Conclusions Stereotactic radiosurgery for prostate cancer metastatic to the brain, alone or in combination with brain radiation therapy and surgery, is a safe, effective treatment that improves neurologic symptoms and function and may prolong survival.
Brain Levels of Catalase Remain Constant through Strain, Developmental, and Chronic Alcohol Challenges.

Catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) oxidizes ethanol to acetaldehyde within the brain and variations in catalase activity may underlie some consequences of ethanol consumption. The goals of this study were to measure catalase activity in subcellular fractions from rat brain and to compare the levels of this enzyme in several important settings. In the first series of studies, levels of catalase were compared between juvenile and adult rats and between the Long-Evans (LE) and Sprague-Dawley (SD) strains. Levels of catalase appear to have achieved the adult level by the preadolescent period defined by postnatal age (P, days) P25–P28, and there were no differences between strains at the developmental stages tested. Thus, variation in catalase activity is unlikely to be responsible for differences in how adolescent and adult rats respond to ethanol. In the second series of studies, periadolescent and adult rats were administered ethanol chronically through an ethanol-containing liquid diet. Diet consumption and blood ethanol concentrations were significantly higher for periadolescent rats. Catalase activities remained unchanged following ethanol consumption, with no significant differences within or between strains. Thus, the brain showed no apparent adaptive changes in levels of catalase, even when faced with the high levels of ethanol consumption characteristic of periadolescent rats.
Parallel concurrent path-delay fault simulation using single-input change patterns

We present a new simulation-based method using single-input change (SIC) patterns to efficiently derive tests for singly-testable (ST) path-delay faults (PDFs). We assign random values to all inputs, and then propagate rising and falling transitions from each input while all other inputs are held steady. We present a sixteen-valued algebra with which rising and falling PDFs from all inputs are concurrently simulated. Using a suitable encoding for signal values, gates are evaluated directly through Boolean operations, and all computation stages use machine word parallelism. Results on, the ISCAS '85 and '89 benchmarks show that the method runs seven times faster than another published method (with normalized CPU times), and detects 76% more ST PDFs.
Mental retardation: the reality behind the label.

I'd like to say a few things about the quality of life of people like me. We can have – and now I do have – a good quality of life, but we still have to fight for it. We have to take back control of our lives from the KEEPERS, from the professionals.
Tramp Classical Novae as Tracers of Intergalactic Stars

Simulations predict that collisions between galaxies must liberate stars into intergalactic space. The stripping of a galaxy's stars by the potential of a cluster in which it resides must also occur. This prediction is verified by the detections of classical novae, red giants, and planetary nebulae between the galaxies of the Virgo and Fornax Clusters. These tracers suggest a tramp stellar component of 10%-40% of the cluster baryonic mass. I point out that classical novae can usefully extend these results to the 250,000 Mpc3 of intergalactic space outside of galaxy clusters surrounding the Local Group. This is because individual novae are well-understood standard candles, with light curves and spectra that are distinct from all other astrophysical phenomena. In addition, the frequency of nova outbursts in any given galaxy is measured to be directly proportional to that galaxy's K-band luminosity (and independent of its Hubble type). Thus, intergalactic novae should be excellent tracers of the fraction of stars liberated from galaxies over the past 13 Gyr. Pan-STARRS, the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST), and other large-area synoptic survey telescopes will begin to regularly discover tramp classical novae out to 20-40 Mpc in the coming decade. I estimate the expected discovery rates with LSST-like surveys to be hundreds of intergalactic tramp novae per year, and suggest survey parameters to optimize detections of these tramps.
Viscoelastic Postseismic Rebound from Strike-Slip Earthquakes in Regions of Oblique Plate Convergence

According to the slip partitioning concept, the trench parallel component of relative plate motion in regions of oblique convergence is accommodated by strike-slip faulting in the overriding continental lithosphere. The pattern of postseismic surface deformation due to viscoelastic flow in the lower crust and asthenosphere following a major earthquake on such a fault is modified from that predicted from the conventual elastic layer over viscoelastic halfspace model by the presence of the subducting slab. The predicted effects, such as a partial suppression of the postseismic velocities by 1 cm/yr or more immediately following a moderate to great earthquake, are potentially detectable using contemporary geodetic techniques.
Genetic Evidence for Preferential Strand Transfer during Meiotic Recombination in Yeast

During meiotic recombination in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, heteroduplexes are formed as an intermediate in the exchange process. In the formation of an asymmetric heteroduplex, one chromosome acts as a donor of a single DNA strand and the other acts as a recipient. We present genetic evidence that the nontranscribed strand is donated more frequently than the transcribed strand in spores that have an unrepaired mismatch at the HIS4 locus.
Eusebius and Ordination

The Ecclesiastical History of Eusebius employs a variety of expressions in describing the episcopal successions of the important churches. Some of these are theologically colourless, as the forms of λαμβάνeιν to declare that one has ‘received’ the episcopate, or often the ‘ministry’ (λeιτουργία), of a given church. Other formulae are related to the most important motifs associated with ordination in the ancient Church.
Race, War, and Surveillance: African Americans and the United States Government During World War I

In April 1917, black Americans reacted in various ways to the entry of the United States into World War I in the name of 'Democracy.' Some expressed loud support, many were indifferent, and others voiced outright opposition. All were agreed, however, that the best place to start guaranteeing freedom was at home. Almost immediately, rumors spread across the nation that German agents were engaged in 'Negro Subversion' and that African Americans were potentially disloyal. Despite mounting a constant watch on black civilians, their newspapers, and their organizations, the domestic intelligence agents of the federal government failed to detect any black traitors or saboteurs. They did, however, find vigorous demands for equal rights to be granted and for the 30-year epidemic of lynching in the South to be eradicated. In Race, War, and Surveillance, Mark Ellis examines the interaction between the deep-seated fears of many white Americans about a possible race war and their profound ignorance about the black population. The result was a 'black scare' that lasted well beyond the war years.
The αvβ1 integrin plays a critical in vivo role in tissue fibrosis

Integrins are transmembrane heterodimeric receptors that contribute to diverse biological functions and play critical roles in many human diseases. Studies using integrin subunit knockout mice and inhibitory antibodies have identified important roles for nearly every integrin heterodimer and led to the development of a number of potentially useful therapeutics. One notable exception is the αvβ1 integrin. αv and β1 subunits are individually present in numerous dimer pairs, making it challenging to infer specific roles for αvβ1 by genetic inactivation of individual subunits, and αvβ1 complex-specific blocking antibodies do not yet exist. We therefore developed a potent and highly specific small-molecule inhibitor of αvβ1 to probe the function of this understudied integrin. We found that αvβ1, which is highly expressed on activated fibroblasts, directly binds to the latency-associated peptide of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) and mediates TGFβ1 activation. Therapeutic delivery of this αvβ1 inhibitor attenuated bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis, suggesting that drugs based on this lead compound could be broadly useful for treatment of diseases characterized by excessive tissue fibrosis.
Improved Performance of All-Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Nanosilicon Active Material with Multiwalled-Carbon-Nanotubes as a Conductive Additive

Multiwalled-carbon-nanotubes (MWCNTs) are studied as a conductive additive for all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries using a silicon nanoparticle electrode. Lithium batteries with nanosilicon (n-Si) electrodes and MWCNTs demonstrate nearly a 100% increase in long-term specific capacity over comparable batteries that instead employ acetylene black. For over 100 cycles, reversible capacities over 900 mAh g -1 are measured for these n-Si/MWCNT electrodes. MWCNTs are shown to be a superior conducting additive for Li batteries with a solid-state construction, and Si nanoparticles are shown to demonstrate improved reversible cycling over bulk Si anode material.
A Simple and Effective Component Procurement Policy for Stochastic Assembly Systems

We examine the component procurement problem in a single-item, make-to-stock assembly system. The suppliers are uncapacitated and have independent but non-identically distributed stochastic delivery lead times. Assembly is instantaneous, product demand follows a Poisson process and unsatisfied demand is backordered. The objective is to minimize the sum of steady-state holding and backorder costs over a pre-specified class of replenishment policies. To keep the analysis tractable, we impose a synchronization assumption that no mixing occurs between sets of component orders. Combining existing results from queueing theory with original results concerning distributions that are closed under maximization and translation, we derive a simple approximate solution to the problem when lead time variances are identical. In simulations, our derived policy is within 2% of optimal and significantly outperforms policies that ignore either component dependence or lead time stochasticity. It is also quite robust with respect to various model assumptions, except the synchronization one.
Slow wave effects induced by the thin-film metal ground in on-chip multilayer microstrip lines

This paper implements the spectral domain approach (SDA) to study the impacts from the thin metal ground upon dispersive propagation behaviors of interconnects. Three multilayer transmission structures, the thin-film microstrip line (TFMSL), metal-insulator-metal-insulator (MIMI) line, and inverted embedded microstrip (IEM) line, are analyzed with the focus on different metallization thicknesses.
Management Competencies Required of Administrative and Clinical Practitioners in the New Millennium

Changes in the health care environment necessitate revisiting management-related competencies for both clinical and administrative practitioners. Major changes include the shift from recruitment to reengineering, direct service to multiple service models, department to program management, professional standards to market-driven standards, and single-system to multisystem management. Important competencies include the ability to identify and implement flexible staffing, to use communication technologies to support staff members across multiple sites, to understand of the business of health care, and to create innovative service delivery models consistent with the core values of the profession.
Disparate Tissue-specific Expression of Members of the Tissue Kallikrein Multigene Family of the Rat *

To understand the regulatory diversity of the rat family of linked kallikrein genes, we have assayed the expression of family members in 20 major organs. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis using primers and hybridization probes specific for each of the 10 expressed kallikrein genes showed that no two family members share the same organ-specific pattern of expression. The only common site of expression for all 10 known active genes is the submandibular gland. The presence of the mRNA for at least one family member is detected in 19 of these 20 organs (liver excepted), from as few as three organs to as many as 18 for individual family members. For individual genes there can be more than a 105-fold variation in mRNA levels among organs, from a limit of detection of slightly less than 1 mRNA molecule/10 cells to more than 10,000 mRNA molecules/cell. Despite high sequence conservation and close linkage, the members of this family are expressed in very different and complex patterns. A gradient of diversity of expression corresponds to the order of the genes within the kallikrein family locus.
10 Years ‘Equator Principles’: A Critical Economic-Ethical Analysis

June 4th, 2013 marks the formal launch of the third generation of the Equator Principles (EP III) and the tenth anniversary of the EPs – enough reasons for evaluating the EPs initiative from an economic ethics and business ethics perspectives. In particular, this essay deals with the following questions: What are the EPs and where are they going? What has been achieved so far by the EPs? What are the strengths and weaknesses of the EPs? Which necessary reform steps need to be adopted in order to further strengthen the EPs framework? Can the EPs be regarded as a role-model in the field of sustainable finance and CSR? The paper is structured as follows: The first chapter defines the term EPs and introduces the keywords related to the EPs framework. The second chapter gives a brief overview of the history of the EPs. The third chapter discusses the Equator Principles Association, the governing, administering, and managing institution behind the EPs. The fourth chapter summarizes the main features and characteristics of the newly released third generation of the EPs. The fifth chapter critically evaluates the EP III from an economic ethics and business ethics perspectives. The paper concludes with a summary of the main findings.
Does 'Ethnic Capital' Matter? Identifying Peer Effects in the Intergenerational Transmission of Ethnic Differentials

An instrumental variables strategy is employed to determine whether the observed association between individual human capital and average skills in ethnic groups (ethnic capital), even after conditioning on parental skills, is due to ethnic peer effects. The instrument for ethnic capital is derived from the occupational mix of US immigrants arrived in the 1900's and 1910's, while father's age at arrival instruments for parental skills. Using US Census data on adult literacy in English and children's school attendance, I find evidence of a persistent ethnic capital effect. High geographic concentration and high endogamy rates tend to accentuate this effect.
Resonating-group study and odd-even features in the /sup 3/He+/sup 6/Li system

The resonating-group method in the single-channel approximation is used to investigate the $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ + $^{6}\mathrm{Li}$ system. The result shows that there exist a number of bound and sharp resonance levels in the energy region below about 10 MeV. In addition, it is found that, with the introduction of a phenomenological imaginary potential to take reaction effects into account, the calculation can yield differential cross sections in satisfactory agreement with experimental data. The effect of the Pauli principle is also examined. Here one finds that the odd-even feature is rather prominent and, similar to the $d$+$^{3}\mathrm{He}$ case, has distinctly different behavior in the two channel-spin states.
THE ROLE OF IMMUNITY IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOGENOUS PYELONEPHRITIS

Hematogenous pyelonephritis was produced in rats utilizing multiple strains of Escherichia coli, a strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae, and a strain of Proteus mirabilis. Three patterns of hematogenous pyelonephritis occurred which represent an interrelationship between an immune response to the infecting bacteria and the development of obstructive uropathy as a consequence of infection. First, the course of pyelonephritis due to strains of Escherichia coli was acute, self-limited, and associated with the development of circulating agglutinins. Following healing, this pattern of infection was associated with acquired resistance to reinfection with the same bacterial strain. Second, the course of pyelonephritis due to a strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae type C was chronic. This infection was not associated with the production of circulating agglutinins against encapsulated strains. Acquired resistance to reinfection by the homotypic strain could not be demonstrated following eradication of infection but was produced by the passive transfer of concentrated antiserum. Third, pyelonephritis due to Proteus mirabilis was associated with circulating agglutinins and resistance to reinfection with the same organism following eradication of infection, yet the course was chronic. The chronicity appeared to be the consequence of obstructive uropathy resulting from calculi which developed during the course of the infection. Resistance to reinfection was demonstrated in infections with strains of E. coli and P. mirabilis. The resistance is associated with specific immunity as demonstrated by the observation that: (a) it is type-specific, (b) it is of at least 3 months' duration, and (c) it can be passively transferred by means of rabbit antiserum. Since K. pneumoniae failed to evoke capsular antibodies in the rat, resistance to infection with K. pneumoniae was produced only by means of passively transferred concentrated rabbit antiserum and not by prior infection. Immunity can be demonstrated to have a significant role in the pathogenesis of experimental hematogenous pyelonephritis only in the absence of obstructive uropathy.
Themed section: “Time and the Other: politics of cultural Others, study abroad/away, and going home (eventually)”

We sometimes seek to encounter cultural Others by traveling to another space for a period of time, as in study abroad, tourist travel, and ethnographic fieldwork. Knowing that our stay with the cul...
Polarized matrix infrared spectra of cyclopentadienone: observations, calculations, and assignment for an important intermediate in combustion and biomass pyrolysis.

A detailed vibrational analysis of the infrared spectra of cyclopentadienone (C5H4═O) in rare gas matrices has been carried out. Ab initio coupled-cluster anharmonic force field calculations were used to guide the assignments. Flash pyrolysis of o-phenylene sulfite (C6H4O2SO) was used to provide a molecular beam of C5H4═O entrained in a rare gas carrier. The beam was interrogated with time-of-flight photoionization mass spectrometry (PIMS), confirming the clean, intense production of C5H4═O. Matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy coupled with 355 nm polarized UV for photoorientation and linear dichroism experiments was used to determine the symmetries of the vibrations. Cyclopentadienone has 24 fundamental vibrational modes, Γvib = 9a1 ⊕ 3a2 ⊕ 4b1 ⊕ 8b2. Using vibrational perturbation theory and a deperturbation–diagonalization method, we report assignments of the following fundamental modes (cm–1) in a 4 K neon matrix: the a1 modes of X 1A1 C5H4═O are found to be ν1 = 3107, ν2 = (3100, 3099), ν3 = 1735,...
Research Survey on Multi-Infeed AC/DC Hybrid Power Systems

In multi-infeed AC/DC power system,due to the parallel operation of AC and DC transmission lines and closer electrical distances among DC converter stations,the AC and DC power systems as well as subsystems of DC system do interact,it brings new demand to control and protection strategies for multi-infeed AC/DC power system. In this paper an overview on present situation of the research on commutation failures,post-fault recovery of DC system,angle/voltage stability of power system,interaction of harmonics and so on is given,and the features and defects of existing control and protection strategies are pointed out. The conclusion of this research is available for reference to the research on multi-infeed AC/DC power system in future.
Chemical cleaning of Alstom 465t/h boiler in Mehardeh Power Plant

It described the boiler special structure in the Mehardeh Power Plant.According to the special structure,to give the corresponding design procedure of the acid pipeline temporary system and cleaning.After chemical cleaning,all the items meet the standards of DL/T 794—2001 Chemical cleaning guide for steam power plant and the result is better,by checking the drum and water wall tubes.
Analysis on surveillance results of foodborne diseases from sentinel hospitals in Taizhou City,2011

Objective To know the pathogen infection and distribution changes of patients with foodborne disease in Taizhou City.Methods Pathogen isolation and identification were carried out for stool specimens of patients with foodborne disease in terms of national criteria.Results Of 244 cases of foodborne disease patients,Proteus mirabilis was detected for 34 cases,10 cases were Salmonella,Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Escherichia coli O157 were isolated with 4 cases,respectively.Conclusion In Taizhou City,the infection of foodborne disease mainly caused by Proteus and Salmonella.So,an active surveillance of foodborne pathogen should be strengthened in order to prevent the occurrence and control of food-borne diseases.
Penfluridol suppresses pancreatic tumor growth by autophagy-mediated apoptosis

Pancreatic tumors exhibit enhanced autophagy as compared to any other cancer, making it resistant to chemotherapy. We evaluated the effect of penfluridol against pancreatic cancer. Penfluridol treatment induced apoptosis and inhibited the growth of Panc-1, BxPC-3 and AsPC-1, pancreatic cancer cells with IC50 ranging between 6-7 μM after 24 h of treatment. Significant autophagy was induced by penfluridol treatment in pancreatic cancer cells. Punctate LC3B and autophagosomes staining confirmed autophagy. Inhibiting autophagy by chloroquine, bafilomycin, 3-methyladenine or LC3BsiRNA, significantly blocked penfluridol-induced apoptosis, suggesting that autophagy lead to apoptosis in our model. Penfluridol treatment suppressed the growth of BxPC-3 tumor xenografts by 48% as compared to 17% when treated in combination with chloroquine. Similarly, penfluridol suppressed the growth of AsPC-1 tumors by 40% versus 16% when given in combination with chloroquine. TUNEL staining and caspase-3 cleavage revealed less apoptosis in the tumors from mice treated with penfluridol and chloroquine as compared to penfluridol alone. Penfluridol treatment also suppressed the growth of orthotopically implanted Panc-1 tumors by 80% by inducing autophagy-mediated apoptosis in the tumors. These studies established that penfluridol inhibits pancreatic tumor growth by autophagy-mediated apoptosis. Since penfluridol is already in clinic, positive findings from our study will accelerate its clinical development.
Contraception for the adolescent patient.

Physicians who provide care for adolescents are well positioned to help prevent the negative consequences of sexual activity-unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases. Physicians should look for opportunities to emphasize the advantages of postponing sexual involvement. Nonetheless, we should recognize that few adolescents come to us seeking opinions about their sexual behavior. Instead, they come for information on contraception and STDs. In caring for sexually active teens, therefore, our role should be to encourage responsible sexual behavior, not to moralize about it. Countries such as Holland, a society which focuses on providing health services for sexually active teens rather than value judgments, has achieved rates of pregnancy and abortion remarkably lower than those experienced by U.S. adolescents. Although oral contraceptives (OCs) are well tolerated by most teens, achieving OC compliance and continuation represents a major challenge for many teenage patients. Often, use of the long-acting hormonal methods Depo-Provera or Norplant represents a more practical approach to achieving effective contraception for teenagers. Initial experience in the United States suggests that teens appreciate the freedom from daily compliance provided by these long-acting hormonal methods. Practical issues relative to achieving patient satisfaction and effective, safe contraception will be reviewed with respect to Depo-Provera, Norplant and OCs. Because STDs occur so frequently in teens, the belt and suspenders approach to contraception often makes sense: hormonal contraception plus condoms. Many would agree with the comment: It's no longer diamonds. Now, condoms are a girl's best friend. Physicians who focus on health care rather than moral issues can still encourage responsible behavior and improve health outcomes in this important group of patients.
Histone deacetylase 3 suppresses Erk phosphorylation and matrix metalloproteinase (Mmp)-13 activity in chondrocytes.

AbstractHistone deacetylase (Hdac3) inhibitors are emerging therapies for many diseases including cancers and neurological disorders; however, these drugs are teratogens to the developing skeleton. Hdac3 is essential for proper endochondral ossification as its deletion in chondrocytes increases cytokine signaling and the expression of matrix remodeling enzymes. Here we explored the mechanism by which Hdac3 controls matrix metalloproteinase (Mmp)-13 expression in chondrocytes. In Hdac3-depleted chondrocytes, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk)1/2 as well as its downstream substrate, Runx2, were hyperphosphorylated as a result of decreased expression and activity of the Erk1/2 specific phosphatase, Dusp6. Erk1/2 kinase inhibitors and Dusp6 adenoviruses reduced Mmp13 expression and partially rescued matrix production in Hdac3-deficient chondrocytes. Postnatal chondrocyte-specific deletion of Hdac3 with an inducible Col2a1-Cre caused premature production of pErk1/2 and Mmp13 in the growth plate. Thus,...
Isolated Lingual Dyskinesias in Multiple sclerosis (P3.028)

OBJECTIVE: To report a patient with multiple sclerosis presenting with lingual dyskinesias. BACKGROUND: In patients with multiple sclerosis, involuntary movements occurring in the face have previously been reported, typically presenting as myokymia. Here we present a patient with lingual dyskinesias beginning approximately a year after the onset of multiple sclerosis. RESULTS: The patient presented with the chief complaint of tongue movements of five-year duration. The movements would mostly occur with the mouth closed, and would disappear with activity. She would place a straw between the teeth as a sensory trick to diminish the movements. On examination, there was difficulty with tongue coordination, such as moving the tongue in the horizontal or vertical direction, and moving candy in the mouth. Slow rolling movements of the tongue to the right, were seen by placing a piece of candy on the center of the tongue. As the majority of the movements were experienced with the mouth closed, ultrasonography was performed for better visualization. Continuous, rhythmic movements of the genioglossus were seen in the patient at rest with the mouth closed. Electromyography was also performed, demonstrating large-amplitude, polyphasic motor unit action potentials suggesting chronic denervation. No features suggestive of myokymia were seen. Previous brain magnetic resonance imaging studies showed lesions in the brainstem as well as multiple cortical lesions consistent with demyelinating plaques. CONCLUSIONS: Our patient presented with a five-year history of lingual dyskinesias confirmed as rhythmic movements of the genioglossus seen on ultrasonography. The findings of the electromyography study suggest chronic denervation. The patient’s lingual dyskinesias are likely secondary to multiple sclerosis, but do not resemble myokymia. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of isolated involuntary lingual dyskinesias with sensory tricks secondary to multiple sclerosis. Study Supported by: The NINDS Intramural Research Program. Disclosure: Dr. Park has nothing to disclose. Dr. Alter has nothing to disclose. Dr. Hallett has received personal compensation for activities with Neurotoxin Institute, Cambridge University Press, Oxford University Press, Wiley-Blackwell, and Springer.
Low-density Pedicle Screw Constructs for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Evaluation of Effectiveness and Cost:

Study Design:Retrospective cohort study.Objective:To determine whether a low-density (LD) screw construct can achieve curve correction similar to a high-density (HD) construct in adolescent scolios...
Rehabilitation in Traumatic Brain Injury — Observations on the Current US Scene

Dr. Howard Rusk, a major figure in the field of rehabilitation medicine in the United States, defined rehabilitation as the third phase of medical care designed to deliver services to accommodate the needs and optimize functioning in the physical, psychological, vocational and social areas for the individual with enduring impairments and disabilities due to disease or trauma. Dr. Rusk’s insight did not predicate a particular technical or theoretical breakthrough or the development of a new diagnostic technique or therapy. Rather, it was based on the idea of organizing all the services needed to help the individual, in a way to meet the convenience of the patient and enhance utilization. While this idea hardly seems novel now, it should be recalled that in the United States it emerged at the time of World War II. It revolutionized delivery of services to the disabled in a way similar to the introduction of the supermarket. The supermarket was not designed to create new products. It was designed to make shopping more convenient for the consumer.
Optical architecture of HoloLens mixed reality headset

HoloLens by Microsoft Corp. is the world’s first untethered Mixed Reality (MR) Head Mounted Display (HMD) system, released to developers in March 2016 as a Development Kit. We review in this paper the various display requirements and subsequent optical hardware choices we made for HoloLens. Its main achievements go along performance and comfort for the user: it is the first fully untethered MR headset, with the highest angular resolution and the industry’s largest eyebox. It has the first inside-out global sensor fusion system including precise head tracking and 3D mapping all controlled by a fully custom on-board GPU. Based on such achievements, HoloLens came out as the most advanced MR system today. Additional features may be implemented in next generations MR headsets, leading to the ultimate experience for the user, and securing the upcoming fabulous AR/MR market predicted by most analysts.
Parasite mediated competition facilitates invasion

Parasites play an important role in invasion success with important consequences for biodiversity and community structure. While much research has focused on direct effects of parasites on biological invasions, parasites can also indirectly influence interactions within the invaded community across trophic levels. For instance, parasites can mediate competitive interactions between native and exotic species through trait-mediated indirect effects. We consider the interactions between the parasitoid fly Pseudacteon sp. (Diptera: Phoridae), and its native host ant Linipethema iniquum, and the exotic ant Wasmannia auropunctata in the introduced range of Puerto Rico. We examined the effects of phorid flies on the competitive outcome between the arboreal ants W. auropunctata and native ant L. iniquum. Furthermore, we investigate the searching efficiency of phorid flies in detecting L. iniquum nests. To study the indirect effects on ant competition, we monitored ant recruitment to baits over a 60-min time interval in the presence and absence of phorid fly parasitoids. We then performed field experiments and measured phorid arrival time to arboreal nests of L. iniquum located in both a) W. auropunctata patches and in b) isolated patches dominated by L. iniquum nests. We found that the presence of phorid fly significantly reduced recruitment of L. iniquum workers to baits through induced behavioral changes thereby increasing the ability of W. auropunctata to acquire resources. In addition, we found that phorid arrival time in isolated patches of L. iniquum patches was faster as compared to L. iniquum nests located within W. auropunctata patches. Our results show that phorid fly parasitoids indirectly may influence competitive interactions by attacking the host-ant L. iniquum and consequently providing an advantage to local spread of W. auropuntata populations in Puerto Rico. However, the spatial dynamics of arboreal ants shows that L. iniquum seeks protection from phorid fly parasotoids by moving their nests to W. auropunctata dominated patches.
Ensembles of Regularized Least Squares Classifiers for High-Dimensional Problems

It has been recently pointed out that the Regularized Least Squares Classifier (RLSC), continues to be a viable option for binary classification problems. We apply RLSC to the datasets of the NIPS 2003 Feature Selection Challenge using Gaussian kernels. Since RLSC is sensitive to noise variables, ensemble-based variable filtering is applied first. RLSC makes use of the best-ranked variables only. We compare the performance of a stochastic ensemble of RLSCs to a single best RLSC. Our results indicate that in terms of classification error rate the two are similar on the challenge data. However, especially with large data sets, ensembles could provide other advantages that we list.
Acute Effect of Intermittent Exercise and Action-Based Video Game Breaks on Math Performance in Preadolescent Children

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the acute effects of video game breaks and intermittent exercise breaks, performed at varying intensities, on math performance in preadolescent children. Methods: A total of 39 children (18 males and 21 females; aged 7–11 y) completed 4 experimental conditions in random order: 8 hours of sitting interrupted with 20 two-minute low-, moderate-, or high-intensity exercise breaks or 20 two-minute sedentary computer game breaks. The intensity of exercise breaks for the low-, moderate-, and high-intensity conditions corresponded with 25%, 50%, and 75% of heart rate reserve, respectively. Math performance was assessed 3 times throughout each condition day using a 90-second math test consisting of 40 single-digit addition and subtraction questions. Results: There were no significant differences in percent change in math scores (correct answers out of attempted) by condition [low: −1.3 (0.8), moderate: 0.1 (1.3), high: −1.8 (0.7), and computer: −2.5 (0.8); P > .05]...