cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Kant's argument for radical evil

Kant's doctrine of radical evil - which holds that human beings, as a species, possess an innate propensity to evil - has long been viewed as a scandal to his admirers and a stumbling block to scholars trying to piece together his argument in favor of the claim. To his admirers, the scandal stems from Kant's apparent endorsement of the Christian view of original sin, with all of its allegedly misanthropic consequences. To scholars, the stumbling block comes from the indecisive way in which Kant attempts to establish the doctrine. For example, just at the point in the Religion within the Limits of Reason Alone where we would expect Kant to provide a deduction supporting his view, he changes course and claims, 'We can spare ourselves the formal proof that there must be such a corrupt propensity rooted in the human being, in view of the multitude of woeful examples that the experience of human deeds parades before us' (R 6: 33).1 Indeed, the alleged formal proof is not just 'spared' in the sense of postponed; it is 'spared' in the sense of left out of the text entirely. To many, this indecisiveness has suggested a general lack of confidence in the view on Kant's part, and has led to a willingness to regard his treatment of radical evil as an odd, perhaps even neglectable, exception to his overall ethical project. Paul Guyer is typical: 'In Religion within the Limits of Reason Alone [Kant] seems to go too far by assuming that evil-doing is not just possible but even necessary.... This doctrine hardly follows from Kant's previous argument, and seems instead to rest on an odd mixture of empirical evidence and the lingering grip of the Christian doctrine of original sin. '2 In this paper, I will argue that despite the indecisiveness of Kant's argument, the doctrine of radical evil is in fact consistent with - and indeed is perhaps a natural extension of his established views on human freedom, the moral law, and moral culpability. To make this case, I will attempt to show that the doctrine of radical evil is grounded in what (following his own usage) I will refer to as Kant's anthropological analysis of the human person (see, e.g., R 6: 26). By an anthropological analysis, I mean Kant's account of the different capacities human beings possess - e.g., their capacity for reason, their capacity to be affected by bodily needs and inclinations, and so on - as well as the ways in which these capacities develop in human beings over the course of their lives (MM 6: 217). It is only in light of these anthropological facts, I will argue, that the doctrine of radical evil can be properly understood. Despite certain well-known passages in the Groundwork in which Kant groups together 'anthropological' and 'empirical' approaches,3 before proceeding it is important to recognize that in the majority of his work Kant carefully distinguishes
The design and analysis of a RF CMOS bandpass filter

A high-Q filter capable of operating in the GHz range is proposed. This filter, which is suitable for RF applications, utilizes two effective Q-enhancement techniques to circumvent the low-Q characteristics inherent in the circuit. Simulation results employing standard 0.5 /spl mu/m CMOS technology have successfully verified that the center frequency tuning and hybrid Q-tuning techniques operate between 625 MHz and 1.68 GHz center frequencies with Q ranging from 12 to over 300. Two tunable bandpass filters with center frequencies at 876 MHz and 1.68 GHz have been designed to have 37 dB and 31.4 dB voltage gain, -30 dBm and -31 dBm IIP3, and 4.8 dB and 5.5 dB NF, respectively. Both filters have quality factors equal to 33 and power dissipation is equal to 24.3 mW.
Racial identity denied: are wealthy black victims of racism rejected by their own group?

This experiment examined the intersection of socioeconomic status and racial identification in understanding Blacks’ reactions toward Black victims of racial discrimination. When a Black victim of racism was presented as wealthy, rather than non-wealthy, other Blacks viewed this individual as weakly racially identified and expressed little empathy for the victim. This occurred even when this Black individual faced blatant and undeniable discrimination, suggesting that for minorities, the possession of wealth can come at the cost of being perceived as disconnected from one’s racial group and unworthy of the group’s support. The effect of the wealth manipulation on empathy was mediated by the belief that wealthy Blacks are weakly racially identified. The present investigation represents one of the first experimental investigations into the intersection of socioeconomic status and perceived racial identification among Blacks and also provides insight into intragroup dynamics within minority groups.
Mechanism of Prion Loss after Hsp104 Inactivation in Yeast

In vivo propagation of [PSI(+)], an aggregation-prone prion isoform of the yeast release factor Sup35 (eRF3), has previously been shown to require intermediate levels of the chaperone protein Hsp104. Here we perform a detailed study on the mechanism of prion loss after Hsp104 inactivation. Complete or partial inactivation of Hsp104 was achieved by the following approaches: deleting the HSP104 gene; modifying the HSP104 promoter that results in low level of its expression; and overexpressing the dominant-negative ATPase-inactive mutant HSP104 allele. In contrast to guanidine-HCl, an agent blocking prion proliferation, Hsp104 inactivation induced relatively rapid loss of [PSI(+)] and another candidate yeast prion, [PIN(+)]. Thus, the previously hypothesized mechanism of prion dilution in cell divisions due to the blocking of prion proliferation is not sufficient to explain the effect of Hsp104 inactivation. The [PSI(+)] response to increased levels of another chaperone, Hsp70-Ssa, depends on whether the Hsp104 activity is increased or decreased. A decrease of Hsp104 levels or activity is accompanied by a decrease in the number of Sup35(PSI+) aggregates and an increase in their size. This eventually leads to accumulation of huge agglomerates, apparently possessing reduced prion forming capability and representing dead ends of the prion replication cycle. Thus, our data confirm that the primary function of Hsp104 in prion propagation is to disassemble prion aggregates and generate the small prion seeds that initiate new rounds of prion propagation (possibly assisted by Hsp70-Ssa).
Intermittent downbeat nystagmus due to vertebral artery compression

Downbeat nystagmus (DBN) uncommonly occurs as a transient phenomenon, and it rarely occurs in patients with cerebrovascular disease. We observed a patient with intermittent DBN and lightheadedness due to transient obstruction of his dominant vertebral artery when he turned his head to his left side. Surgical removal of an osteophyte at the site of the angiographically demonstrated lesion relieved his symptoms
Interactive volume rendering for virtual colonoscopy

3D virtual colonoscopy has recently been proposed as a non-invasive alternative procedure for the visualization of the human colon. Surface rendering is sufficient for implementing such a procedure to obtain an overview of the interior surface of the colon at interactive rendering speeds. Unfortunately, physicians can not use it to explore tissues beneath the surface to differentiate between benign and malignant structures. In this paper, we present a direct volume rendering approach based on perspective ray casting, as a supplement to the surface navigation. To accelerate the rendering speed, surface-assistant techniques are used to adapt the resampling rates by skipping the empty space inside the colon. In addition, a parallel version of the algorithm has been implemented on a shared-memory multiprocessing architecture. Experiments have been conducted on both simulation and patient data sets.
Detection of premature ventricular contractions with a clinical system for monitoring electrocardiographic rhythms

Abstract An evaluation was made of the performance of an on-line computer system for the detection of premature ventricular contractions. Following a rigidly defined protocol, 34 patients having an average PVC rate of almost one out of every twelve beats were studied, and approximately fifty thousand beats were analyzed independently by human observer and correlated with computer analysis. In the population studied, 78% of the PVCs were detected accurately. In addition, no patient was encountered having a PVC which was always missed by the computer. No false positive PVCs occurred in half the cases, and in 31 cases, only 39 computer labeled “PVCs” could be clearly called false positive PVCs based on information in the single-lead electrocardiogram. The patients studied had a variety of different rhythm complications including atrial fibrillation and premature ventricular contractions from multiple foci. The factors affecting performance were analyzed and directions for future improvement discussed.
Quantitative Echocardiographic Determinants of Clinical Outcome in Asymptomatic Patients With Aortic Regurgitation : A Prospective Study

Objectives The purpose of this study was to define the link between aortic regurgitation (AR) quantitation and clinical outcome in asymptomatic patients with AR. Background Quantitative American Society of Echocardiography (QASE) thresholds are recommended for AR assessment, but impact on clinical outcome is unknown. Methods We prospectively enrolled (1991 to 2003) 251 asymptomatic patients (age 60 ± 17 years) with isolated AR and ejection fraction ≥50% with quantified AR and left ventricular (LV) volumes using Doppler-echocardiography. Results Survival under medical management was independently determined by baseline regurgitant volume (RVol) (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.22 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08 to 1.35] per 10 ml/beat, p = 0.002) and effective regurgitant orifice (ERO) (adjusted HR 1.52 [95% CI 1.19 to 1.91] per 10 mm 2 , p = 0.002), which superseded traditional AR grading. Patients with QASE-severe AR (RVol ≥60 ml/beat or ERO ≥30 mm 2 ) versus QASE-mild AR (RVol 2 ) had lower survival (10 years: 69 ± 9% vs. 92 ± 4%, p = 0.05) independently of all clinical characteristics (adjusted HR 4.1 [95% CI 1.4 to 14.1], p = 0.01) and lower survival free of surgery for AR (10 years: 20 ± 5% vs. 92 ± 4%, p 2 ], p = 0.002), which superseded LV M-mode diameters. In QASE-severe AR, patients with ESVI ≥45 versus 2 had higher cardiac event rates (10 years: 87 ± 8% vs. 40 ± 10%, p Conclusions Echocardiographic quantitation of AR severity and ESVI provides independent and superior predictors of clinical outcome in asymptomatic patients with AR and ejection fraction ≥50% and should be widely clinically applied. Patients with QASE-severe AR and ESVI ≥45 ml/m 2 should be carefully considered for cardiac surgery, which reduces cardiac events risk.
Fermion RG blocking transformations and IR structure

We explore fermion RG block-spinning transformations on the lattice with the aim of studying the IR structure of gauge theories and, in particular, the existence of IR fixed points for varying fermion content. In the case of light fermions the main concern and difficulty is ensuring locality of any adopted blocking scheme. We discuss the problem of constructing a local blocked fermion action in the background of arbitrary gauge fields. We then discuss the carrying out of accompanying gauge field blocking. In the presence of the blocked fermions implementation of MCRG is not straightforward. By adopting judicious approximations we arrive at an easily implementable approximate RG recursion scheme that allows quick, inexpensive estimates of the location of conformal windows for various groups and fermion representations. We apply this scheme to locate the conformal windows in the case of SU(2) and SU(3) gauge groups. Some of the reasons for the apparent efficacy of this and similar decimation schemes are discussed.
High-Intensity Telemedicine-Enhanced Acute Care for Elders Model

This high-intensity, telemedicine-enhanced, acute care model aims to reduce unnecessary emergency department visits while providing quality care in a more patient-centered environment. The program was implemented among adults living in senior-living communities (SLCs) in Rochester N.Y., consisting of both independent and assisted living residents. Older adults are faced with difficult choices when an acute illness requires same-day assessment. They often must choose to delay care until an appointment is available or obtain care at an ED, and both options are associated with significant health risks and costs. Telemedicine represents an additional option for same-day acute care. Participants who called their geriatric primary care practice with an acute complaint were offered usual care or a telemedicine visit. Telemedicine visits were facilitated by a trained telemedicine assistant following a predefined protocol based on chief complaint and could include live videoconferencing, stored images, video, and sound files, 12-lead ECG, and lab work. Of the 539 visits requested, 509 (94.4 %) were successfully completed in a timely manner with a care plan in place. Satisfaction among all stakeholders was high, and a detailed analysis of utilization of health services and cost-effectiveness is underway. With its potential to reduce cost while increasing patient satisfaction, acute care telemedicine models such as this should be ideally situated for expansion under the evolving healthcare system.
Discovery of an Ultrafast X-Ray Pulsar in the Supernova Remnant N157B

We present the serendipitous discovery of 16 ms pulsed X-ray emission from the Crab-like supernova remnant N157B in the Large Magellanic Cloud. This is the fastest spinning pulsar associated with a supernova remnant (SNR). Observations with the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer (RXTE), centered on the field containing SN 1987A, reveal an X-ray pulsar with a narrow pulse profile. The archival Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics (ASCA) X-ray data confirm this detection and locate the pulsar within 1' of the supernova remnant N157B, 14' from SN 1987A. The pulsar shows evidence of glitch(es) between the 3.5 yr separating the RXTE and ASCA observations; the mean linear spin-down rate is =5.126×10−14 s s−1. The background-subtracted, pulsed emission is similar to other Crab-like pulsars with a power law of photon index ~1.6. The characteristic spin-down age (~5000 yr) is consistent with the previous age estimate of the SNR. The inferred B-field for a rotationally powered pulsar is ~1×1012 G. Our result confirms the Crab-like nature of N157B ; the pulsar is likely associated with a compact X-ray source revealed by ROSAT HRI observations.
Robust Nonlinear Controller Design: for a Complete UAV Mission

A robust nonlinear controller is designed for a complete Unmanned Aerial Vehicle UAV mission employing a combination of dynamic inversion and H∞ control. An inner-loop/outer-loop control structure is employed to synthesize a full envelope nonlinear controller for a complete UAV mission. In the inner loop, a modified time-scale separation approach is employed to feedback linearize the nonlinear model. In the outer loop, an H∞ control procedure is used to achieve performance and robustness design goals. The reference flight envelope is a complete mission. The uncertainties considered include uncertainty in UAV model parameters such as the stability derivatives, weight, center of gravity location, and airspeed variations. Atmospheric disturbances and measurement noise are also included. Since robustness and disturbance rejection must be verified, flight simulation under a variety of uncertainties is performed using MATLAB/Simulink.
Quality standards matter: a comparative case study examining interactive writing in the preschool setting

ABSTRACTInteractive writing is a research-based early literacy strategy that has been found effective at increasing young children's oral language skills, alphabet knowledge, phonemic awareness, concepts of print, and early writing skills. This paper reports on a case study which explored the feasibility and fidelity of implementing interactive writing in two contrasting preschool contexts. The findings suggest that with minimal training and support, public preschool teachers can implement interactive writing effectively. The study also found that quality standards, specifically teacher education and training, may affect the successful implementation of preschool interactive writing instruction.
The Optimum Quantity of Grass Mulch for the Tea Field

It has been recognized in. many experiments that the grass mulch has remarkable effects on the tea field. But optimum quantity of grass for mulch has not been yet well known.This experiment was carried out to determine the optimum quantity of the grass mulch for the tea field.The results obtained are as follows;1.In the mulchless tea field on slope, the growth of shoot, the yield of green leaf and the quality of green tea were inferior to those in the mulch field. This was thought to be mainly induced by deterioration of micro climate and run-off of fertilizer.2.The optimum quantity of grass mulch will be fluctuated by the kinds of grass and tea soil, but in this experiment, it was determined to be 10 ton fresh grass per hectare. The growth of shoot, the yield of green leaf and the quality of green tea were good at this quantity. Therefore the grass mulch was thought to be suitable for management of the tea field.
SEXUAL SELECTION THROUGH FEMALE CHOICE IN LAWES' PAROTIA, A LEK-MATING BIRD OF PARADISE.

We studied sexual selection in Lawes' Parotia, a lek-mating bird of paradise, during 1981-1983 in Papua New Guinea. There was a high variance in mating success among males, with fewer than half of the individuals mating in any one year. This variance was independent of male-male interactions and disruptions. A role of female choice in sexual selection was suggested by the patterns of female visitation to courts and statistical correlations across males between phenotypic traits and mating success. Females repeatedly visited most males in their home ranges and began visiting males up to six weeks before mating. In one or more years, six aspects of male behavior and one morphological variable were positively correlated with mating success, but the probability values were not significant using a simultaneous inference test. Calculation of combined probability values across all three years revealed that one aspect of male display behavior, the probability of display, positively and significantly influenced mating status. The probability of display was also significantly correlated with relative mating success among males. Females showed strong fidelity to mates, both within and between seasons. Display sites of male Lawes' Parotia are variably dispersed, but mating success did not differ for grouped and solitary males. These data confirm an important role of female choice in sexual selection in birds of paradise but also suggest that female choice may be unrelated to the process of lek-initiation in this species.
Content of desoxyribo and ribonucleic acids of retina under various conditions.

Summary(1) The ratio of desoxyribonucleic acid:ribonucleic acid in mammalian retinas is reversed in comparison with that in grey matter and other tissues. (2) No differences were found in the content in ribonucleic acid between dark and light adapted retinas.
Thermally activated rotational disorder in CaMoO4 nanocrystals

A dual-space approach, combining Rietveld and pair distribution function (PDF) analyses, has been applied to temperature-dependent synchrotron X-ray total scattering data collected on vapor diffusion sol–gel derived CaMoO4 nanocrystals. A sharp transition in Ca–O bond distances in the range of 151–163 K was identified by PDF analysis, which is attributed to the thermal activation of rotational disorder associated with the rigid MoO4 tetrahedra.
Realistic rendering arithmetic in transformer substation system

Designed transformer substation system.Discussed its character,architecture,furthermore,the key techniques of how to implement the arithmetic of real-time display.Transformer substation technique training simulation system provides three-dimensional visual environment,harmonious and friendly human-computer interaction and comprehensive system function.It simulates a real learning and working environment for training personnel and is important in transformer substation technique training.
High resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the rat spinal cord

A two turn saddle shaped surface coil receiver was developed that allowed high resolution magnetic resonance imaging of the rat spinal cord. This is particularly important in laboratory animals where central nervous system regions of interest are relatively small. A continuous copper wire 1.5 mm in diameter was wound into two turns 28 mm in diameter. The saddle shape of the second turn improved the homogeneity of the signal within the region of interest and maintained sufficient field of view and depth of penetration. The quality factor (Q) for the surface coil was Q = 199 unloaded, and Q = 60 loaded. Using this surface coil with a GE CSI II 2.0 Tesla small bore magnet, spin echo T1 (TR = 500 msec, TE = 25 msec) and T2 (TR = 2000 msec, TE = 100 msec) weighted images were obtained in cross section, using 2 mm slice thickness with 2 excitations per phase encoding step. A sagittal gradient echo (rapid scan, TR = 85 msec, TE = 10 msec) was used to document reestablishment of vascular flow following ischemia. Spinal cord ischemia was induced by 14 minute temporary occlusion of spinal cord blood supply. MRI was performed at 18 hours following ischemia. There was a 1.4 fold increase in T2 image intensity in ischemic rat spinal cord (n = 4), consistent with edema formation, compared to normal rat spinal cord (n = 4). Preliminary studies show that similar high resolution images can be performed on the rat brain. This technique uses standard MRI equipment and the surface coil is made from inexpensive readily available materials. There are various animal models of cerebral and spinal cord injury that would benefit from improved high resolution MRI. This coil design may have application in larger animal models and the clinical setting.
Direct Product Profit: a Sensitivity Analysis

Direct Product Profit (DPP) is a cost allocation tool that many supermarket retailers and manufacturers are using to study the profitability of products. This paper investigates the use of DPP on selected syrup products and examines the sensitivity of DPP to changes in movement, case pack, cube, and cases per pallet.
Multiple Donor Networks Begin to Shed Light on the Nomination Process: The 2004 Democratic Nomination Process

We begin our examination of the 2004 Democratic presidential nomination with a look at traditional measures (endorsements, polls, and aggregating campaign contributions) but show these indicators are unable to explain why John Kerry won. Our network of multiple donors in the preprimary period reveals that Kerry shared the most donors with the field and that he occupies the critical bridging position within the shared donor network. While divided initially, the Democrats clustered quickly into one, cohesive group behind Kerry. We then find the rate of return for donors of losing candidates was similar to the support that these groups had for Kerry in the preprimary stage.
Integrated management in the Mekong River Basin

Abstract The Mekong River is of great importance because of its geographical size, the size of the human population that depends on it, its geopolitical location, and the high diversity of fish and invertebrates that it supports. It is shared by six countries and the need to manage it for the benefit of all has been recognized since the end of World War II (1945). The present Mekong River Commission (MRC) was established through an agreement reached by the four lower Mekong countries (Cambodia, Laos, Thailand and Viet Nam) in 1995 as an agency to assist with planning and promoting sustainable integrated development within the basin. It has been successful in improving technical understanding, developing planning tools and improving cooperation between the four lower Mekong countries. However, integrated management in the Mekong has been inhibited by a number of factors: the lack of participation by two countries, Myanmar and Peoples Republic of China in the MRC; by the poorly coordinated activities of multiple agencies, including unilateral aid agencies, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and World Bank; and a continuing lack of technical capacity and understanding. The absence of a culture of public participation and the pursuit of narrow short-term national objectives benefitting the powerful continue to be major constraints on integrated management of the Mekong.
Comparison of susceptibility patterns using commercially available susceptibility testing methods performed on prevalent Candida spp.

The rising rates of invasive fungal infections caused by non-albicans Candida and the increasing emergence of antifungal resistance complicate the management of invasive candidiasis. Accurate and timely antifungal susceptibility testing is critical to targeting antifungal therapy. The purpose of this study was to compare commercially available susceptibility testing methods using prospectively collected Candida isolates. Susceptibility testing was performed on 74 Candida isolates collected from July 2014 to March 2015 using broth microdilution according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute method, Etest, Vitek 2 (YS-05) and Sensititre. Essential agreement and categorical agreement (CA) were assessed using the reference method. Of the 34 total blood isolates collected, Candida albicans comprised only 38 % (13) of the Candida spp. with Candida glabrata being nearly as prevalent (29 %, 10). CA using Etest was 86 % for fluconazole, 72 % for caspofungin, 98 % for micafungin and 97 % for anidulafungin. Vitek 2 CA was 90 % for fluconazole and 98 % for caspofungin. Sensititre CA was 93 % for fluconazole, 98 % for caspofungin, 98 % for micafungin and 100 % for anidulafungin. Although our study tested a small population of Candida isolates, our results were variable by method. When implementing antifungal susceptibility testing, clinicians should be aware of the strengths and limitations of each testing method.
Cervical Cancer Screening Among Arab Women in the United States: An Integrative Review.

Problem identification Arab American women are an ethnic minority and immigrant population in the United States with unique and nuanced sociocultural factors that influence preventive health behaviors. The aims of this article are to evaluate and synthesize the existing evidence on cervical cancer screening behaviors, as well as determine factors that influence these behaviors, among Arab American women. . Literature search Extensive literature searches were performed using PubMed, CINAHL®, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane databases; articles published through October 2015 were sought. . Data evaluation Of 17 articles, 14 explicitly identified Arab and/or Muslim women and cervical cancer screening in either the title or the abstract; the remaining three focused on cancer attitudes and behaviors in Arab Americans in general but measured cervical cancer screening. Eleven articles reported different aspects of one intervention. Because of methodologic heterogeneity, the current authors synthesized results narratively. . Synthesis Key factors influencing cervical cancer screening were identified as the following. Conclusions Cervical cancer screening rates among Arab American women are comparable to other ethnic minorities and lower than non-Hispanic White women. Findings are inconsistent regarding factors influencing cervical cancer screening behaviors in this underrepresented group. . Implications for research Significant need exists for more research to better understand cervical cancer prevention behaviors in this group to inform culturally relevant interventions. Healthcare providers play a crucial role in increasing cervical cancer screening awareness and recommendations for Arab American women.
Dark Matter + Higgs($$\rightarrow b\bar{b}$$): Systematic Uncertainties

This chapter discusses the systematic uncertainties associated with the Monte Carlo (MC) simulated samples used in this analysis. The simulated signal samples are discussed in Sect. 7.3, and the background samples from simulation are given in Sect. 8.1.2 For definitions and reconstruction method of the physics objects used in this analysis, see Chap. 8 The systematic uncertainty figures are used in the final statistical interpretation and limit setting in Chap. 12
Amorphous silicon photonics for nonlinear and quantum interactions

Hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) is a promising CMOS-compatible material for nonlinear integrated photonics due to its high nonlinearity and compatibility with 3D integration. Recent progress in a-Si:H for nonlinear and quantum applications will be discussed.
Beyond the classical kinetic model for chronic graphite oxidation by moisture in high temperature gas-cooled reactors

Abstract Four grades of nuclear graphite were oxidized in helium with traces of moisture and hydrogen in order to evaluate the effects of slow oxidation by moisture on graphite components in high temperature gas cooled reactors. Kinetic analysis showed that the Langmuir-Hinshelwood (LH) model cannot consistently reproduce all results. In particular, at high temperatures and water partial pressures, oxidation was always faster than the LH model predicts. It was also found empirically that the apparent reaction order for water has a sigmoid-type variation with temperature which follows the integral Boltzmann distribution function. This suggests deviations from the LH model are apparently caused by activation with temperature of graphite reactive sites, which is probably rooted in specific structural and electronic properties of graphite. A semi-global kinetic model was proposed, whereby the classical LH model was modified with a temperature-dependent reaction order for water. This new Boltzmann-enhanced Langmuir-Hinshelwood (BLH) model consistently predicts oxidation rates over large ranges of temperature (800–1100 °C) and partial pressures of water (3–1200 Pa) and hydrogen (0–300 Pa). The BLH model can be used for modeling chronic oxidation of graphite components during life-time operation in high- and very high temperature advanced nuclear reactors.
Designing and analysis of an efficient and accurate approach for image segmentation

In computer imagination segmentation of an image alludes to separating a digitalized image in different partitions. The desired of segmentation is to make fresh phase of the depiction of an image into something that is having great significance and free from worry to examine. Objects can be easily identified using segmentation also clarified background in images. More exactly, dealing with segmentation in image we can locate an individual label for each pixel such that the pixels with similar label can share defined visual properties. In this paper context making practice of using adaptive dual threshold median filter with fuzzy c means clustering algorithm and find better result.
From Celebratory Landscapes to Dark Tourism Sites? Exploring the Design of Southern Plantation Museums

Situated just outside of Charleston, South Carolina, Middleton Place Plantations and Gardens must surely rank among the most beautiful places in the Southeastern United States. These “oldest formal gardens in North America,” feature structural elements found at Versailles as well as a terraced lawn sloping down to the Ashley River. During peak season in early April, almost 1500 people come each day to gaze at the plethora of azaleas reflected in the still waters of the mill pond, or to photograph the amazing variety of wildlife that make the gardens their home.
Black Radical Love: A Practice

At the root of Black resistance—the collective struggle through which we might imagine and build a world more just, more free, more equitable, more magical—is love. Nothing but an unwavering love f...
The evolution of territoriality: international relations and American law

Assumptions about territory permeate legal systems. American law is no exception. Territoriality is a defining attribute of the Westphalian state, the model upon which the framers of the US Constitution based their aspirations for a new nation. Under Westphalian principles the scope of a sovereign's law corresponds to the geographic boundaries of the sovereign's territory, what Miles Kahler, in his introduction to this volume, calls “jurisdictional congruence.” Yet it is increasingly common to assert that Westphalian territorial sovereignty is breaking down – that we are entering a borderless world in which international forces permeate the once-hard shell of the state. Globalization, many argue, is rapidly eroding the significance of territorial boundaries (for example, Ohmae 1990; Held et al. 1999). Capital, labor, goods, and ideas are said to move largely without regard for political borders, radically transforming our polities and economies. These claims are controversial and have spawned fierce debate in economics and political science. Within legal scholarship, by contrast, the domestic impacts of globalization have received less sustained attention. Yet legal rules and practices provide an important and overlooked window on the alleged impacts of globalization, particularly with regard to territoriality. All legal systems presuppose some relationship between law and territory. I call these rules of legal spatiality . This chapter charts the evolution of legal spatiality in the United States, and offers several causal arguments about this evolution and its connections to shifts in international security and economics.
Soldiers’ perspectives of the Married Army Couples Program: A review of perceived problems and proposed solutions

The current study investigated soldiers’ perceptions of the Married Army Couples Program (MACP) using data from focus groups conducted with Army personnel in dual-military marriages. Despite the hi...
Is Emotional Magnitude Spatialized? A Further Investigation

Accumulating evidence suggests that different magnitudes (e.g., number, size, and duration) are spatialized in the mind according to a common left-right metric, consistent with a generalized system for representing magnitude. A previous study conducted by two of us (Holmes & Lourenco, ) provided evidence that this metric extends to the processing of emotional magnitude, or the intensity of emotion expressed in faces. Recently, however, Pitt and Casasanto () showed that the earlier effects may have been driven by a left-right mapping of mouth size rather than emotional magnitude, and they found no evidence for an emotional magnitude mapping when using words as stimuli. Here, we report two new experiments that further examine these conclusions. In Experiment 1, using face stimuli with mouths occluded, we replicate the original finding: Less emotional faces were associated with the left and more emotional faces with the right. However, we also find that people can reliably infer the sizes of the occluded mouths, and that these inferred mouth sizes can explain the observed left-right mapping. In Experiment 2, we show that comparative judgments of emotional words yield a left-right mapping of emotional magnitude not attributable to stimulus confounds. Based on these findings, we concur with Pitt and Casasanto that faces pose challenges for isolating the forces driving spatialization, but we suggest that emotional magnitude, when assessed using unconfounded stimuli in a sufficiently sensitive task, may indeed be spatialized as originally proposed. Suggestions for further research on the spatialization of emotional magnitude are discussed.
Summer food habits and prey taxa and size electivity of age-0 white bass in a South-Central Nebraska irrigation reservoir

Understanding consumption patterns and preferences of particular life stages for fish species can clarify potential dietary overlap and identify energy flow within aquatic communities. Age-0 white ...
The Histidine-rich Loop in the Extracellular Domain of ZIP4 Binds Zinc and Plays a Role in Zinc Transport

The Zrt-/Irt-like protein (ZIP) family mediates zinc influx from extracellular space or intracellular vesicles/organelles, playing a central role in systemic and cellular zinc homeostasis. Out of the 14 family members encoded in human genome, ZIP4 is exclusively responsible for zinc uptake from dietary food and dysfunctional mutations of ZIP4 cause a life-threatening genetic disorder, Acrodermatitis Enteropathica (AE). About half of the missense AE-causing mutations occur within the large N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD), and our previous study has shown that ZIP4-ECD is crucial for optimal zinc uptake but the underlying mechanism has not been clarified. In this work, we examined zinc binding to the isolated ZIP4-ECD from Pteropus Alecto (black fruit bat) and located zinc-binding sites with a low micromolar affinity within a histidine-rich loop ubiquitously present in ZIP4 proteins. Zinc binding to this protease-susceptible loop induces a small and highly localized structural perturbation. Mutagenesis and functional study on human ZIP4 by using an improved cell-based zinc uptake assay indicated that the histidine residues within this loop are not involved in preselection of metal substrate but play a role in promoting zinc transport. The possible function of the histidine-rich loop as a metal chaperone facilitating zinc binding to the transport site and/or a zinc sensor allosterically regulating the transport machinery was discussed. This work helps to establish the structure/function relationship of ZIP4 and also sheds light on other metal transporters and metalloproteins with clustered histidine residues.
How Does Classroom and Behavior Management Preparation Impact Performance and Confidence Among Elementary School Teachers

Being an effective classroom manager is a key component to successful teaching. Research has indicated that teachers are not satisfied with their credential program preparation in the areas of classroom and behavior management. The purpose of this study is to determine if there is a correlation between the amount of management preparation teachers receive in their credential programs and their perceived confidence and preparedness in the classroom. Also, this study sought to discover if supplemental training was beneficial for beginning and experienced teachers. The review of literature presented some common themes within this area of research: the importance of classroom and behavior management, teacher dissatisfaction with their knowledge of management strategies, and how lack of these management strategies influences teacher job satisfaction. The researcher anonymously surveyed 31 general education teachers and conducted a reflective analysis of the 28 participants’ responses. The analysis revealed that although many participants were not satisfied with their initial training, they do feel prepared and confident when managing their classrooms. The variables that may influence teachers’ preparedness and confidence are discussed. BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT PREPARATION 5
The origins of in vivo functional diagnosis of hemomicrocirculation in periodontal tissues in normal and pathological conditions in domestic dentistry

Purpose – to present the origins of in vivo functional diagnosis of hemomicrocirculation in periodontal tissues in normal and pathological conditions in domestic dentistry. Materials and methods: the material of the study was archival and reporting materials of research works of scientists-dentists, which deals with the functioning of periodontal tissues. These materials are used as a source of primary information. Analytical, medical and statistical research methods were used to study them. Results: information on the development and ﬁrst application in dental practice of methods of in vivo microscopy and microphotography of gums with the clarity that allowed the use of these methods for many years, including modern dentistry. These methods were used for experimental studies in various animals (Guinea pigs, rabbits, cats, dogs) and in clinical practice, in norm and under various extreme eﬀects of General and local character. Conclusion: the role of domestic scientists and dentists, in particular, the doctor of medical Sciences associate Professor M. K. Gacina, the development of functional methods of research of periodontal: of capillaroscopy and capillaroscopy. The importance of these methods of functional diagnosis of periodontal disease in clinical periodontics at the present stage, including periodontal disease in endocrine pathology, endodontal lesions and tissue pathology around dental implants.
Estimating CDMs Using MCMC

In this chapter, we provide a brief survey of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods used in estimating Cognitive Diagnostic Models (CDMs). MCMC techniques have been widely used for the Bayesian estimation of psychometric models. MCMC algorithms and general purpose MCMC software has been facilitating the development of modern psychometric models that are otherwise difficult to fit (Levy R, J Probab Stat 1–18, 2009. Retrieved from http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jps/2009/537139/, https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/ 537139). We introduce a Gibbs sampler for fitting the saturated Log-linear CDM model (LCDM, Henson RA, Templin JL, Willse JT, Psychometrika, 74(2):191–210, 2009. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1007/s11336-008-9089-5). The utility of Bayesian inference is demonstrated by analyzing the Examination for the Certificate of Proficiency in English (ECPE) dataset.
Application of Fault Tree Analysis on Smart Meter Fault Diagnosis

It is of great significance to study and analyze the fault causes and rules of smart meter, quickly and accurately judge the fault location of smart meters, and improve the reliability of smart meter. Based on the analysis of smart meter's structure, the fault tree of smart meter is established. The quantitative and qualitative analysis methods of fault tree are used to sort out the characteristics and rules of smart meter's fault, and the weak links and key parts of smart meter are determined. The application results show that the fault tree analysis can effectively help technicians to locate faults quickly and reduce the processing time of faults, which has a good practical value.
60S acidic ribosomal protein P1 (RPLP1) is elevated in human endometriotic tissue and in a murine model of endometriosis and is essential for endometriotic epithelial cell survival in vitro

Endometriosis is a female disease which is defined as the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue and is dependent on estrogen for its survival in these ectopic locations. Expression of the ribosomal protein large P1 (RPLP1) is associated with cell proliferation and invasion in several pathologies, but a role in the pathophysiology of endometriosis has not been explored. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the expression and function of RPLP1 with respect to endometriosis pathophysiology. RPLP1 protein was localised by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in eutopic and ectopic tissue from 28 subjects with confirmed endometriosis and from 20 women without signs or symptoms of the disease, while transcript levels were evaluated by qRT-PCR in 77 endometriotic lesions and 55 matched eutopic endometrial biopsies, and protein expression was evaluated using western blotting in 20 of these matched samples. To evaluate the mechanism for enhanced lesion expression of RPLP1, an experimental murine model of endometriosis was used and RPLP1 expression was localized using IHC. In vitro studies using an endometriosis cell line coupled with shRNA knockdown was used to demonstrate its role in cell survival. Expression of RPLP1 mRNA and protein were significantly higher in ectopic lesion tissue compared to paired eutopic endometrium and immunohistochemical localisation revealed predominant localisation to epithelial cells. This pattern of lesion RPLP1 was recapitulated in mice with experimentally induced endometriosis. Stable knockdown of RPLP1 protein resulted in a significant decrease in cell survival in vitro. These studies reveal that RPLP1 is associated with cell proliferation and/or survival and may play a role in the pathophysiology of endometriosis.
First Verified Record of the Smooth Hammerhead (Sphyrna zygaena) in Coastal Waters of the Northern Gulf of Mexico with a Review of their Occurrence in the Western North Atlantic Ocean

Sphyrna zygaena (Smooth Hammerhead) is considered a wide-ranging hammerhead species, though its distribution throughout its range is not well known. The occurrence of this species in the northern Gulf of Mexico is largely unknown, with only limited unverified records in this region. In September of 2017, a Smooth Hammerhead was collected from Florida coastal waters in the northern Gulf of Mexico, representing a confirmed record of this species in this region. To further understand the range of the Smooth Hammerhead, we reviewed available occurrence data throughout the western North Atlantic Ocean, which suggests this species may occasionally transit into the Gulf of Mexico.
Targeting oncogenic Eph receptor proteins with Hsp90 inhibitors

5629 Eph receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), with 16 distinct members, constitute the largest kinase family. The members of this superfamily regulate cellular boundaries, cell migration, and vascular morphogenesis. The Eph RTKs are highly promising targets in a wide variety of cancers, due to their selective overexpression and activation in tumors. Eph RTKs are subdivided into 2 families (EphA and EphB), based on their sequence homologies and ligand-binding specificities. EphA2 and several EphB family members have emerged as pivotal players in angiogenesis, invasion, and tumorigenic progression and are correlated with a highly invasive phenotype. Eph RTKs associate with their ligands, the ephrins, which are normally found on the cell surface of opposing cells. Cell contact promotes ligand binding, which triggers phosphorylation of the C-terminal kinase domain and transmittance of cellular signaling cascades. Ligand binding has a tumor-inhibitory role for EphA2, resulting receptor internalization and protein downregulation mediated by a proteasome-dependent pathway. In cancer cells, dysregulated cell-cell contact translates to diminished receptor-ligand assocation, resulting in overexpression of active receptor. Many oncogenic RTKs interact with heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), a molecular chaperone involved in mediating the proper conformation and function of a multitude of signaling proteins. We report here that the Eph RTKs examined in this study, EphA2 and EphB1, form a complex with Hsp90 and co-chaperones. This association is mediated by the kinase domain of the receptor, as deletions of this domain abrogate both Hsp90 binding and sensitivity to drug. This is a significant finding, as Hsp90 inhibitors, such as the clinically-utilized 17-AAG, mediate the proteasome-dependent downregulation of Hsp90 substrates, or ‘client’ proteins. Moreover, we demonstrate that Hsp90 inhibiting agents efficiently diminish the levels of Eph receptor. These data demonstrate that Hsp90 plays an essential role in eph RTK function and may contribute to the anti-angiogenic and anti-migratory properties of 17-AAG. Furthermore, this finding suggests that Hsp90 inhibitors may be exploited as a novel means to downregulate the selective overexpression of these receptors in cancers.
Inside looking out: how international policy trends shape the politics of capital controls in China

This paper examines the political-economy of capital controls in China. We argue that the global policy context influences domestic political debates over capital controls, which, in turn, can shap...