cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Variability in Wound Care Recommendations Following Dermatologic Procedures

Background Dermatologists routinely perform office-based surgical procedures that result in cutaneous wounds. Wound care instructions are an important resource for postoperative patients. As there is no consensus on the ideal wound care regimen after dermatologic procedures, recommendations may vary. Objective To evaluate the current recommendations for wound care following dermatologic procedures. Methods The authors conducted a cross-sectional assessment of dermatology wound care handouts available online. The handouts were evaluated based on predefined parameters: topical agent recommendations for wound healing, caution against topical antibiotic use, and discussion of scarring, infection, bleeding, analgesia, and lifestyle considerations. Results A total of 169 handouts were evaluated. The majority (84%) recommended the application of petrolatum-based products, specifically Vaseline (75%) and Aquaphor (43%). Nearly half (43%) recommended the use of topical antibiotics, whereas 24% advised patients to avoid antibiotic ointments. Handouts variably addressed scarring (36%), infection (72%), bleeding (69%), pain (66%), and lifestyle modifications (64%). Conclusion The instructions provided in dermatology patient handouts are highly variable, with various topical agents being recommended for wound healing. Topical antibiotics are not indicated for prophylaxis in clean dermatologic procedures but are still widely used. Greater efforts should be made to ensure that patients receive consistent and evidence-based wound care guidance.
Sensitivity and Uncertainty Analyses Applied to One-Dimensional Radionuclide Transport in a Layered Fractured Rock. Part I: Analytical Solutions and Local Sensitivities

Exact analytical solutions based on Laplace transforms are derived for describing the one-dimensional space- and time-dependent advective transport of a decaying species in a layered, fractured, sa...
A Case of Delayed Hemorrhagic Effusive-Constrictive Pericarditis After Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Device Placement

This report describes a case of pericardial effusion and tamponade that appeared several weeks after WATCHMAN device…
The Achievement of Evasive Goals

Why do we have so much trouble with procrastination? Why do we have so much trouble leading healthy lives of proper diet and exercise, to floss our teeth, to wear seat belts, to stop smoking? Why do we have so much trouble doing what we know we should? Perhaps an even more difficult question: Why do at least a few others have so much less trouble with procrastination, proper diet and exercise, flossing, wearing seat belts, and not smoking?
Ophthalmic delivery of hydrophilic drugs through drug-loaded oleogels.

Abstract Purpose Delivering ophthalmic drugs to the target tissues in eye is challenging due to transport barriers. Rapid tear clearance of the drug instilled as eye drops to treat anterior segment diseases results in a low ocular permeability of 1-5%. The blood-retina barrier and clearance mechanisms which eliminate drug from tears and ocular tissue make systemic or topical delivery techniques ineffective in delivering drugs to the back of the eye. Intravitreal injections into the eye are the only viable option even though repeated monthly injections increase risk for infections and retinal detachment. Controlled and sustained drug delivery could reduce the frequency of injections and lower the associated risk of side effects. Methods Oleogels comprising of 10% (w/w) ethyl cellulose as the gelator in soybean oil are loaded with metformin HCl and timolol maleate above the solubility limit resulting in a dispersion of the drug particles in the gelled oil. In an alternative approach, hydrophilic drugs are dissolved in the water phase of water-in-oil emulsions, followed by gelling the oil phase. Each formulation was expunged from one mL syringes with attached 22-gauge needles (0.4 mm inner diameter) into buffer to form a cylindrical rod that maintained its shape due to the high viscosity of the oleogel. Dynamic drug concentration was measured in the release medium to determine drug release profiles. Also, the devices were imaged to show the dispersal of drug particles as well as the degradation of the device over time. Effective drug diffusivity for both particle-based and emulsion-based approaches was determined by fitting data to dynamic drug concentration models. The effect of particle size and drug loading are explored. Results The release durations for metformin HCl are 120 hours for the particulate formulation and almost 1400 hours for the gelled emulsion formulation. For particulate timolol maleate formulation, the release duration increases from about 400 to over 1000 hours as the drug loading is increased from 1% to 25%, while the gelled emulsion formulation releases drug for 2200 hours. Drug release from oleogels can be modeled by considering formulation properties such as diffusion and solubility, however, tortuosity within the gel due to void formation and binding of drug to gelator molecules must also be taken into account to accurately model particle-based systems. Conclusions Oleogel rods are useful devices for extended delivery of ophthalmic drugs. The release duration can be controlled by drug loading and partition coefficient. Release of the drugs from the oleogels results in voids that increase the tortuosity resulting in an increase in release duration. Binding of drugs to the gelator decreases the effective diffusivity further increasing the release duration.
Urinary Biomarkers and Kidney Outcomes: Impact of Indexing Versus Adjusting for Urinary Creatinine.

Rationale & Objective Urinary biomarker concentrations are frequently indexed to urinary creatinine (Ucr) concentration in spot samples to account for urine dilution; however, this may introduce biases. We evaluated whether indexing versus adjusting urinary biomarker concentrations for Ucr concentration altered their associations with outcomes. Study Design Observational cohort. Setting & Participants We analyzed data from 2,360 Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) participants with estimated glomerular filtration rates Outcomes The primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular disease events; secondary outcomes were all-cause mortality and a composite of kidney outcomes (50% estimated glomerular filtration rate decline, end-stage kidney disease, or transplantation). Analytical Approach We used Cox proportional hazards regression to examine the associations of 1/Ucr with outcomes and compared the associations of UAlb and 8 individual urinary tubule biomarkers with outcomes, analyzed by indexing to Ucr, adjusting for 1/Ucr or the biomarker alone (without Ucr concentration). Results During a median follow-up of 3.3 years, 307 composite cardiovascular events, 166 deaths, and 34 composite kidney outcomes occurred. After multivariable adjustment, 1/Ucr was significantly associated with cardiovascular events (HR, 1.27 per 2-fold higher; 95% CI, 1.11-1.45), not associated with either mortality (HR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.87-1.28) or kidney events (HR, 1.49; 95% CI, 0.95-2.35). For UAlb and urinary tubule biomarker concentrations, most risk estimates were not significantly different when indexed to Ucr concentration versus adjusted for 1/Ucr. Limitations Cohort excluded patients with diabetes and overall had low levels of albuminuria. Conclusions 1/Ucr is independently associated with cardiovascular events in trial participants with chronic kidney disease. Indexing versus adjusting for 1/Ucr does not significantly change the associations of most urinary biomarkers with clinical outcomes.
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease after Liver Transplant

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease in the world. The rising prevalence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has led to a 170% increase in NASH cirrhosis as the listing indication for liver transplantation from 2004 to 2013. As of 2018, NASH has overtaken hepatitis C as an indication for liver transplantation in the USA. After liver transplantation, the allograft often develops recurrent NAFLD among patients with known NASH cirrhosis. In addition to recurrent disease, de novo NAFLD has been reported in patients with other indications for liver transplantation. In this review, we will discuss the risk factors associated with recurrent and de novo NAFLD, natural course of the disease, and management strategies after liver transplantation.
Am I Looking at Myself

One of the direct, first-hand, and subjective experiences of our own intelligence we all have is when we say “Aha! I understand!” This phenomenal mental experience is referred as “qualia” by philosophers.
Time-of-day variations and the temporal instability of multi-vehicle crash injury severities under the influence of alcohol or drugs after the Great Recession

Abstract Using data of multi-vehicle crashes with drivers under the influence of alcohol/drugs in North Carolina from 2008 to 2017, this paper explores time-of-day variations (daytime vs. nighttime) and temporal instabilities of factors affecting alcohol/drug-impaired crash injury severities during three crash cycle phases after the Great Recession. Random parameters logit models with heterogeneity in the means and variances are utilized to identify significant factors, explore unobserved heterogeneity, reveal correlations between factors, and suggest possible impacts of economic conditions on the factors. Different likelihood ratio tests indicate that the effects of factors vary significantly across time-of-day and economic-related cycle periods. Significant time-of-day variations imply more severe injury alcohol/drug involved crashes during the nighttime compared to the daytime. Meanwhile, temporal instabilities are also observed in marginal effects of several factors across three-cycle periods. Proficient and cautious elder drivers were safer than young drivers during the depression period. Also, both depressing and expanding periods could affect the involvement of alcohol/drugs for drivers. Shifts in alcohol/drug use behaviors underscore the importance of accounting time-of-day variations, temporal instabilities, and heterogeneity in the means and variances inherent in alcohol/drug-impaired crash factors after the Great Recession. The insights of this study should be valuable to improve specific enforcements, qualify punishments, organize targeted campaigns, and design other preventive activities for alcohol/drug-impaired crashes.
Random Walk Hypothesis for Stock Prices in Fiji

The main goal of this paper is to investigate the random walk hypothesis in Fiji using monthly data from January 2000 to October 2017. Applying augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF 1979, 1981) and Phillips-Perron (1988), Zivot-Andrews (1992), and Narayan and Popp (2010) unit root tests, this study finds that stock prices is best characterized as non-stationary. The estimated multiple structural break dates in the stock prices corresponds with devaluation of Fijian dollar by 20 percent in 2009 and General Elections in September 2014, which Fiji First Party won by majority votes. The empirical results indicate that stock prices are best characterized as a unit root (random walk) process, indicating that the weak-form efficient market hypothesis holds in Fiji’s stock market. Hence, it will be difficult to predict future returns based on historical movement of stock prices in Fiji’s stock market.
Icepic Model of Gw-Class Rising Sun Diffractive Output Magnetron

We have largely reproduced the simulated behavior of a GW -class rising sun diffractive output magnetron developed by Old Dominion1 using AFRL's Improved Concurrent Electromagnetic Particle in Cell Code (ICEPIC)2. Modifications to the design that we believe make the design more realistic have also reduced the output power somewhat, however, performance remains impressive at > 1.5GW.
Place Meanings as Lived Experience

The history of stakeholder dialogue around conservation issues has been marked by controversy and conflict. This chapter describes a theoretical perspective of divisive political ideology compounded by an exclusive reliance on scientific knowledge. It suggests that the expression of stakeholders’ place-related emotion through stories of lived experience can play an important role in natural resource planning. Through the sharing of experiential knowledge during pre-planning phases stakeholders have the capacity to refocus dialogue in ways that build upon commonly held memories and place meanings.
Characterization of an activity from the strict anaerobe Roseburia cecicola that degrades DNA when exposed to air

Roseburia cecicola is an obligately anaerobic bacterium that is extremely sensitive to oxygen. Genomic DNA isolated from cells exposed to air for even a brief period (< 5 min) is partially degraded, while DNA extracted from cells maintained in an anaerobic environment remains intact. Cells exposed to air for longer and longer periods yield DNA which is progressively degraded into fragments with decreasing sizes. Oxygen toxicity for this anaerobe appears to result, at least in part, from degradation of its genomic DNA. Cell lysates of the organism exhibited a similar ability to degrade exogenous sources of DNA when assayed in vitro under aerobic conditions. A substance that degrades both DNA and RNA when incubated aerobically was partially purified from such lysates. It has an approximate molecular weight of 2,800 and is unlikely to be a protein. It requires a reducing agent for activity and can be inhibited by catalase and peroxidase but not superoxide dismutase. The rate at which it degrades DNA in vitro can be enhanced by temperatures above 37 degrees C or by oxygen at partial pressures above atmospheric pressure. These results suggest that this substance degrades nucleic acids by a mechanism involving oxygen radicals.
F-Bounded Polymorphism for Database Programming Languages

The relevance of F-bounded polymorphism for database programming languages (object-oriented in particular) is investigated. Two different kinds of object types are proposed as a solution for the controversy between inheritance and subtyping. It is with this duality that complex, recursive object types so typical for database application environments are constructed and the relationship with F-algebras and F-coalgebras hinted in the literature established. Surprisingly enough, the covariant (and thus unsafe) ordering for object types is shown to play an important role in interpreting formally the contravariant (type-safe) subtyping for object types. These results are established in a formal framework based on a variety of kinds (of types) of a polymorphic database type system which serves as a basis for a typed database technology. In addition to the formal theory, application-oriented and database system-oriented illustrations of the usage of F-bounded polymorphism are also presented.
United States v. Playboy Entertainment Group: Speech Freedoms on Cable TV

This brief article discusses United States v. Playboy Entertainment Group, in which the Supreme Court overturned a provision in the Telecommunications Act of 1996 requiring cable television operators providing channels primarily dedicated to sexually-oriented programming to limit their transmission to the hours between 10 p.m. and 6 p.m., when children are unlikely to be among the viewing audience. Even though the Playboy Court recognized the strong state interest in shielding young viewers from indecent programming, it still struck down the law, holding that as a content-based regulation it imposed too great a burden on adult viewers. This approach differs from that taken with broadcast television, where non-obscene sexually explicit speech receives less than the full constitutional protection given to cable television in Playboy Entertainment.
Pediatric cancer chemotherapy: an updated review

Summary Promising results obtained with DDP and the epipodophyllotoxin analogs, VM-26 and VP-16 as single agents in certain types of childhood tumors warrant a prompt further investigation of these compounds in Phase II clinical trials and also in combination regimens. VM-26 and VP-16 have demonstrated a consistent and significant response rate in certain types of childhood cancer. VP-16 has been shown to be effective in acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia. Its activity against lymphoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, Wilms' tumor and Ewing's sarcoma observed in a small number of patients deserves further investigation. VM-26 is active against neuroblastoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. It is also possible useful in certain types of intracranial neoplasms. Available data have suggested that cisplatin as a single agent is active in the treatment of osteogenic sarcoma and neuroblastoma. When given as an adjuvant in combination with adriamycin in osteogenic sarcoma, preliminary results were encouraging. It should be noted, however, that in most of these studies, the patients treated had far advanced disease (some end-stage) and were resistant to almost all of the conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Perhaps, the inclusion of patients with a better performance status would better define the optimal antineoplastic potentials of these agents. Finally, we feel that a renewed interest should be generated with mitomycin C in childhood cancer. There are still certain aspects of the drug that have not been extensively examined in children. The use of the large infrequent or intermittent dosage schedule which is considered to be optimal based upon adult data has never been thoroughly studied in pediatric tumors. A study utilizing such a schedule should at least be initiated before completely abandoning its use in childhood neoplasms.
DBC1 is a suppressor of B cell activation by negatively regulating alternative NF-κB transcriptional activity

CD40 and BAFFR signaling play important roles in B cell proliferation and Ig production. In this study, we found that B cells from mice with deletion of Dbc1 gene (Dbc1(-/-)) show elevated proliferation, and IgG1 and IgA production upon in vitro CD40 and BAFF, but not BCR and LPS stimulation, indicating that DBC1 inhibits CD40/BAFF-mediated B cell activation in a cell-intrinsic manner. Microarray analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments reveal that DBC1 inhibits B cell function by selectively suppressing the transcriptional activity of alternative NF-κB members RelB and p52 upon CD40 stimulation. As a result, when immunized with nitrophenylated-keyhole limpet hemocyanin, Dbc1(-/-) mice produce significantly increased levels of germinal center B cells, plasma cells, and Ag-specific Ig. Finally, loss of DBC1 in mice leads to higher susceptibility to experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis. Our study identifies DBC1 as a novel regulator of B cell activation by suppressing the alternative NF-κB pathway.
The virtual enterprise and the sources of technology in discontinuous innovation

While there is recognition that technological advance is at the heart of the ability to introduce discontinuous innovation, most studies have not directly addressed the scope or characteristics of the technological contribution, or the management of the sources of the technological contribution. This paper focuses on identifying sources of discontinuous innovation, particularly with respect to internal and external technical alliances and how to manage the formation and productivity of technology partnerships. The initial findings of our study highlight the importance of virtual R&D organization for discontinuous innovation. A working model of virtuous virtual R&D for discontinuous innovation is presented.
Rethinking the Soundscape

ABSTRACTThis article takes critical issue with the well-circulated but often misapplied term “soundscape.” Coined by Canadian composer Murray Schafer in his book “The Soundscape,” the term has become one of the keywords of sound studies, but in its wide circulation it has become disconnected from its original scholarly concept and used broadly to apply to nearly any sonic phenomenon. Scholars either misapply it or redefine it to suit their needs. This article is an attempt to trace an intellectual history or genealogy of the term, and to open a conversation about the term's use, application, and utility for scholars of sound. This article draws on Schafer's work in an attempt to ground the term in its own intellectual history, and then traces the use of the term in a variety of sound studies works. The term “soundscape” emerges as at once indispensable and elusive, provocative and limited. By calling attention to background sound, Schafer shaped the field in ways that exceeded his own contribution.
Interpersonal Traits of Psychopathy Linked to Reduced Integrity of the Uncinate Fasciculus

Psychopathy is a personality disorder characterized by callous lack of empathy, impulsive antisocial behavior, and criminal recidivism. Here, we performed the largest diffusion tensor imag- ing (DTI) study of incarcerated criminal offenders to date (N 5147) to determine whether psychopa- thy severity is linked to the microstructural integrity of major white matter tracts in the brain. Consistent with the results of previous studies in smaller samples, we found that psychopathy was associated with reduced fractional anisotropy in the right uncinate fasciculus (UF; the major white matter tract connecting ventral frontal and anterior temporal cortices). We found no such associa- tion in the left UF or in adjacent frontal or temporal white matter tracts. Moreover, the right UF finding was specifically related to the interpersonal features of psychopathy (glib superficial charm, grandiose sense of self-worth, pathological lying, manipulativeness), rather than the affective, anti- social, or lifestyle features. These results indicate a neural marker for this key dimension of psycho- pathic symptomatology. Hum Brain Mapp 00:000-000, 2015. V C 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Characteristics of Thyroid Function in Experimental Protein Malnutrition

Two experiments were conducted to study the effects of protein malnutrition on thyroid function. Resting oxygen consumption and serum concentrations of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured and correlated with thyroid histology, gain in weight, feed efficiency and carcass energy content in male rats fed isoenergetic diets ad libitum containing 22% (control) or 8% (protein malnourished, PM) casein for 28 or 32 days postweaning. A third group was pair-fed to the PM rats with the control diet. In experiment 2 additional groups were pair-fed to the PM rats with 8% casein diets in which the casein was substituted with different mixtures of carbohydrate and fat. Resting oxygen consumption/body weight (0.75) decreased as body weights increased in all groups, but was consistently greatest in PM rats. In PM rats, plasma T3 was 130% of controls after 11 days of the dietary regimen and averaged 215% of controls from days 18 through 32. In experiment 2 both T3 and T4 concentrations were approximately twice controls in all PM groups. TSH concentrations were within the normal range in all groups throughout. Feed efficiency averaged 36 to 40% of controls and mean weight gain was 30 g after 28 days in the PM groups, compared to 114 and 91 g, respectively, in the pair-fed control rats. Carcass energy content of PM rats after 28 days was significantly lower than in control or pair-fed control rats. Thyroid morphology was compatible with increased secretory activity in all the protein-malnourished groups, compared with normal activity in the control and pair-fed control groups. Thermogenesis, as measured by oxygen consumption, was markedly increased in the PM rats compared to controls. These observations are consistent with a diet-induced thermogenesis in the protein-malnourished rats. In contrast to simple under-nutrition where energy expenditure may be conserved by decreases in thyroid function and thermogenesis, increases in thyroid function and thermogenesis in protein malnutrition could provide an energy balancing mechanism whereby unneeded non-protein energy in the diet could be dissipated as heat, and survival enhanced.
U.S. banking regulations and foreign banks' entry into the United States

Abstract This study provides a review of foreign banking activities in the U.S. over the past decade. Foreign banking entry into the United States has occurred through representative offices, branches, agencies, subsidiary banks, Edge Act offices, and investment companies. The total assets of foreign offices, branches, and subsidiaries in the U.S. increased 310 percent, while total assets of domestically owned commercial banks increased 99 percent. Foreign interests are not currently dominating U.S. banking activities. The shares of balance sheet accounts for foreign entrants are growing more rapidly than domestic institutions in six states, but not in New York and California. To eliminate any disadvantages U.S. institutions may face in competing with foreign banks, American state and federal banking laws need to be liberalized.
Similarity of games with incomplete information

Abstract The relationship between payoff information and Bayesian-Nash equilibria is studied. A partition model is used to separate information from the underlying distribution of payoffs. Any partition model is shown to be strategically equivalent to a type model, yielding an analogue of Milgrom and Weber's condition of absolutely continuous information. For games satisfying this condition, the Bayesian-Nash equilibrium correspondence is shown to be upperhemicontinuous with respect to the Boylan, but not the pointwise convergence, metric of information, and is also upperhemicontinuous with respect to increasing sequences of information fields. The latter result justifies the use of finite player types as an approximation of general games.
Malignancy and Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies

Association between idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) and malignancy is well known and has been extensively reported in the literature. However, in the recent years, several new studies were published allowing us to better understand the clinical characteristics and pathophysiology of cancer-associated IIMs. We conducted a literature review of cancer-associated IIMs focusing on new data that was published in the recent years.
Clement Attlee and Cabinet Reform, 1930–1945

Clement Attlee was significantly involved in the changing cabinet patterns of this century. Although much has been written about Attlee's activities while prime minister, his deep interest and personal involvement in cabinet reform during the preceding fifteen years have been neglected and misunderstood. This omission is remarkable considering the present interest in the respective roles of the prime minister and cabinet in the governance of Britain. This paper will explore Attlee's views and activities pertaining to the cabinet from I930 to I945, for such study will aid in the understanding of cabinet development, of Attlee's administrations, of Attlee's concept of socialism, and of Attlee himself. Much recent writing about major twentieth-century politicians and governments has focused on the prime minister-cabinet relationship. Significant analytical works include those of MrJohn P. Mackintosh, Dr G. W.Jones, Sir Norman Chester, Lord Gordon-Walker, and R. H. S. Crossman. A wealth of material to fuel this debate is becoming available through the voluminous published memoirs and diaries of major politicians, and the issue has been deliberately addressed by Crossman in his Diaries and Sir Harold Wilson in The governance of Britain.' Although the controversy involves many nuances, the debate centres on the most valid description of British government: prime ministerial government, cabinet government, or government for which the prime minister set the tone (unfortunately, no succinct or acceptable label yet exists for the third category). While this essay will not enter directly into that controversy or use it to analyse Attlee's premiership, it will explain Attlee's consistent and urgent advocacy of an effective cabinet system properly managed by appropriate prime ministerial leadership. Attlee's view would apparently be a merging of the second and third categories, and it will be presented from that perspective in this essay. The pattern of British cabinet practices is not static. The cabinet is a gradually
Non-abelian Q-stars

Abstract We construct a new class of non-topological soliton stars which appears in global non-abelian field theories coupled to classical Einstein gravity. It is the analogue of the Q-stars recently found in abelian theories. If μ (of order 10 − to 10 4 GeV) is a free-particle inverse Compton wavelength and m Pl is the Planck mass, these objects have energy densities e ∼ μ 4 , radii r ∼ m Pl / μ 2 , global charges q ∼ m Pl 3 / μ 3 , and masses M ∼ m Pl 3 / μ 2 obeying a generalized Chandrasekhar limit. We give an explicit SO(3) example which demonstrates their very simple structure: the stellar surface reproduces the non-abelian Q-ball, but within the star the fields are no longer constant.
The nature of microcrystalline regions produced by an in situ transformation of T2 particles in a ternary Al-2.5%Li-2.5%Cu alloy

Lors d'un chauffage in situ,les particules de phase Al 6 CuLi 3 se transforment en une region microcristalline a double phase constituee d'une solution solide d'aluminium et d'une phase T B .La region microcristalline semble se former lorsque le lithium est selectivement filtre des particules T 2 .
Applying Synchronous Computer-Mediated Communication into Course Design: Some Considerations and Practical Guides.

Purpose – The increased pressure to incorporate communication technologies into learning environments has intensified the attention given to the role of computer‐mediated communication (CMC) in academic settings. However, the issue of how and why these technologies, especially synchronous CMC applications, has been given less attention in pedagogical literature. This paper aims to address this problem.Design/methodology/approach – The paper provides issues for consideration in the deployment of synchronous CMC in educational settings.Findings – Shows that there are differences in asynchronous and synchronous CMC with related issues of productivity of student learning and control.Originality/value – This paper outlines advantages and disadvantages of using synchronous CMC in education while offering practical guides.
Relations compatible with near unanimity operations

Given a system % MathType!Translator!2!1!AMS LaTeX.tdl!TeX -- AMS-LaTeX! % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaafiart1ev1aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWefv3ySLgznf % gDOfdaryqr1ngBPrginfgDObYtUvgaiuaacqWFBeIuaaa!408B! $$\mathcal{R}$$ of k-ary relations on a finite set A which are compatible with a (k + 1)-ary near unanimity operation on A, we provide a characterization of when % MathType!Translator!2!1!AMS LaTeX.tdl!TeX -- AMS-LaTeX! % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaafiart1ev1aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWefv3ySLgznf % gDOfdaryqr1ngBPrginfgDObYtUvgaiuaacqWFBeIuaaa!408B! $$\mathcal{R}$$ is the system of all k-ary subuniverses of an algebra A on A.
Copia Nostri: Echoes of a Poetic Self in Kafka's “Der Ausflug ins Gebirge”

Through a reading of Kafka's “Der Ausflug ins Gebirge” and the story of Echo and Narcissus in Ovid's Metamorphoses, this paper explores the strategies employed by Kafka in creating a poetic self. Central to this maneuver are the complementary tropes of aphanisis, the “fading” of the subject upon contact with language, and prosopopoeia, the lending of a voice to a voiceless entity Kafka's text stages a “Ruf ohne Klang,” uttered by a silent “I” which is able to “lend” itself a voice only by fading away behind its own image. Unpacking the multiple resonances of the word “copia,” the essay explores the power of the echo, as producer of difference and meaning through repetition, to constitute an original utterance. In this way, Kafka's text may be read as a textual echo that preserves an utterance which otherwise could never have come into being.
Phase I trial of selective internal radiation therapy for chemorefractory colorectal cancer liver metastases progressing after hepatic arterial pump and systemic chemotherapy.

Abstract Introduction This prospective study assessed the safety and outcomes of selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) using yttrium-90 ( 90 Y) resin microspheres as a salvage therapy for liver-predominant metastases of colorectal cancer in patients with documented progression after hepatic arterial chemotherapy (HAC) and systemic chemotherapy. Patients and Methods We recruited 19 patients who had received a mean of 2.9 prior lines of chemotherapy and ≥ 1 line of HAC. Dose-limiting toxicities (grade 3 or higher) were catalogued using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 3.0. At 4 to 8 weeks and 3 to 4 months post SIRT, responses were assessed by carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and quantitative imaging using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) and PET Response Criteria in Solid Tumors (PERCIST). Liver progression-free survival (LPFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were calculated using Kaplan-Meier methodology. Results Median follow-up was 31.2 months after SIRT. Within 6 weeks of SIRT, 3 patients (15.8%) experienced grade 3 toxicity. There was no incidence of radiation-induced liver disease. Responses by RECIST, PERCIST, and CEA were, respectively, 0%, 20%, and 32% at 4 to 8 weeks and 5%, 33%, and 21% at 3 to 4 months post SIRT; 53% of patients had stable disease (by RECIST) at 3 to 4 months. Of 19 patients, 4 (21.1%) had liver ablation, 9 (47%) received additional HAC, and 17 (89%) received systemic chemotherapy after SIRT. Median LPFS, PFS, and OS after SIRT were 5.2 months, 2.0 months, and 14.9 months, respectively. Conclusion SIRT was well tolerated and did not prohibit subsequent treatment, resulting in a median OS of 14.9 months in this heavily pretreated population.
Web article extraction for web printing: a DOM+visual based approach

This work studies the problem of extracting articles from Web pages for better printing. Different from existing approaches of article extraction, Web printing poses several unique requirements: 1) Identifying just the boundary surrounding the text-body is not the ideal solution for article extraction. It is highly desirable to filter out some uninformative links and advertisements within this boundary. 2) It is necessary to identify paragraphs, which may not be readily separated as DOM nodes, for the purpose of better layout of the article. 3) Its performance should be independent of content domains, written languages, and Web page templates. Toward these goals we propose a novel method of article extraction using both DOM (Document Object Model) and visual features. The main components of our method include: 1) a text segment/paragraph identification algorithm based on line-breaking features, 2) a global optimization method, Maximum Scoring Subsequence, based on text segments for identifying the boundary of the article body, 3) an outlier elimination step based on left or right alignment of text segments with the article body. Our experiments showed the proposed method is effective in terms of precision and recall at the level of text segments.
Lyme disease in children.

Lyme disease is the most common vector-borne disease among children in the United States; the incidence of Lyme disease is higher among children than among adults. Extensive publicity in the lay press about the effects of Lyme disease has led to widespread anxiety about this illness that is out of proportion to the actual frequency of severe consequences, especially among children. The problem is exacerbated by the difficulty of documenting the diagnosis (or more often of ruling but the diagnosis in children with vague symptoms), especially when the diagnosis depends on serologic tests that are often inaccurate. This caveat applies particularly to commercial laboratories using prepackaged kits, which often give inaccurate results that should not be relied on by themselves to make a diagnosis. Careful prospective studies have found that nearly 90% of children with Lyme disease have erythema migrans. Although there has been great concern about congenital Lyme disease, no data suggest that it is a significant problem, nor has transmission of Lyme disease through breast milk been documented. Virtually all children will respond well to treatment for any stage of Lyme disease. Misdiagnosis is the most common reason for treatment failure. Long-term follow-up studies indicate that the prognosis for children with Lyme disease is excellent.
Crystal Structures and Properties of Nylon Polymers from Theory

A complete force field (MSXX) for simulation of all nylon polymers is derived from ab initio quantum calculations. Special emphasis is given to the accuracy of the hydrogen bond potential for the amide unit and the torsional potential between the peptide and alkane fragments. The MSXX force field was used to predict the structures, moduli, and detailed geometries of all nine nylons for which there are experimental crystal data plus one other. For nylon-(2n) with 2n ≤ 6, the α crystal structure (with all-trans CH2 chains nearly coplanar with the hydrogen bonding plane) is more stable, while for 2n > 6, γ (with the alkane plane twisted by 70°) is more stable. This change results from the increased importance of methylene packing interactions over H bonds for larger 2n. We find the highest Young's modulus for nylon-7.
Supporting and accelerating reproducible empirical research in software evolution and maintenance using TraceLab Component Library

Research studies in software maintenance are notoriously hard to reproduce due to lack of datasets, tools, implementation details (e.g., parameter values, environmental settings) and other factors. The progress in the field is hindered by the challenge of comparing new techniques against existing ones, as researchers have to devote a large portion of their resources to the tedious and error-prone process of reproducing previously introduced approaches. In this paper, we address the problem of experiment reproducibility in software maintenance and provide a long-term solution towards ensuring that future experiments will be reproducible and extensible. We conducted a preliminary mapping study of a number of representative maintenance techniques and approaches and implemented them as a set of experiments and a library of components that we make publicly available with TraceLab, called the Component Library. The goal of these experiments and components is to create a body of actionable knowledge that would (i) facilitate future research and (ii) allow the research community to contribute to it as well. In addition, to illustrate the process of using and adapting these techniques, we present an example of creating new techniques based on existing ones, in order to produce improved results.
Halide-oxygen interactions in solutions. Part one. Chloride-oxygen interactions in aqueous hydrogen chloride

The solvation of chloride ion in some concentrated aqueous hydrogen chloride solutions has been measured at three concentrations, 7.48, 10.08, and 12.28 N hydrochloric acid, by x-ray diffraction. In each case the primary solvation sphere, which contains approximately eight waters per chloride, as well as the secondary sphere about chloride are clearly discernible. The former is characterized by Cl−O interactions (hydrogen-bonded) at an average distance of ca. 3.25 A. In the secondary sphere, chloride ion is separated from each oxygen by ca. 6.2 A. The primary and, particularly, the secondary hydration spheres about chloride ion in these solutions are considerably more ordered than the corresponding hydration spheres in aqueous alkali metal chloride solutions. Because of the requisite sharing of water molecules by neighboring chloride ions, it is not possible to unambiguously determine the average primary sphere geometry of water molecules, about the chloride ions. No apparent correlation between the highly ordered primary and secondary solvation spheres about chloride and the various models proposed for the “structure” of liquid water are noted. Evidence for “short” O−O hydrogen-bonded contacts at 2.5–2.6 A is given, but no H−Cl and/or H−O contact distances are evidenced.
For the common good

Herman E. Daly, an economist, and John B. Cobb, Jr., a theologian, have teamed up to write a book that calls for a radical restructuring of the way we organize production and exchange. They believe that the pressure of human population and production on the biosphere will soon compel thoroughgoing changes in the way we live. They also believe that we would want radical changes, with more emphasis on community and less on the pursuit of individual advantage, if we correctly understood our own natures. Because they believe that the academic discipline of economics has systematically blinded us to the social and biological realities of our situation, they focus on the criticism and reform of economics. An unfortunate result is a failure to learn what economics could tell them about the evolution and functioning of the societies they want to transform.
Ultrastructural analysis of sex differences in nucleus accumbens synaptic connectivity

Despite robust sex differences in behavioral responses to drugs of abuse, relatively little is known about structural sex differences in synaptic connectivity of reward circuits such as in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Previously, we showed that distal dendritic spine density on medium spiny neurons in the NAc is higher in females than males, suggesting that sex differences in NAc excitatory synapses could play a role in differential behavioral responses to drugs. In the current study, we used electron microscopy and stereological counting methods to evaluate dendritic spine and shaft synapses, as well as tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive (TH-IR) profiles, in the NAc core of male and female rats. We found an unanticipated rostro-caudal gradient in spine synapse density in females but not males, resulting in a sex difference favoring females in the caudal NAc core. The volume of the NAc was not different between males and females. We also found that the percentage of spines with large spine heads was greater in females in the rostral core. The density of shaft synapses was low compared to spine synapses, and sex differences were minor. The density of TH-IR profiles was not different between males and females, but females had a higher proportion of spines with large heads near TH suggesting a potential sex difference in dopaminergic modulation of large spine synapses. These findings underscore the importance of including both males and females in studies of reward circuitry, and of considering variation along the rostro-caudal axis of the NAc in future studies.
Mapping of the calpain proteolysis products of the junctional foot protein of the skeletal muscle triad junction

The Ca2+ activated neutral protease calpain II in a concentration-dependent manner sequentially degrades the junctional foot protein (JFP) of rabbit skeletal muscle triad junctions in either the triad membrane or as the pure protein. This progression is inhibited by calmodulin. Calpain initially cleaves the 565 kDa JFP monomer into peptides of 160 and 410 kDa, which is subsequently cleaved to 70 and 340 kDa. The 340 kDa peptide is finally cleaved to 140 and 200 kDa or its further products. When the JFP was labeled in the triad membrane with the hydrophobic probe 3-(trifuoromethyl) 3-(m)[125I]iodophenyl) diazirine and then isolated and proteolysed with calpain II, the [125I] was traced from the 565 kDa parent to Mr 410 kDa and then to 340 kDa, implying that these large fragments contain the majority of the transmembrane segments. A 70-kDa fragment was also labeled with the hydrophobic probe, although weakly suggesting an additional transmembrane segment in the middle of the molecule. These transmembrane segments have been predicted to be in the C-terminal region of the JFP. Using an ALOM program, we also predict that transmembrane segments may exist in the 70 kDa fragment. The JFP has eight PEDST sequences; this finding together with the calmodulin inhibition of calpain imply that the JFP is a PEDST-type calpain substrate. Calpain usually cleaves such substrates at or near calmodulin binding sites. Assuming such sites for proteolysis, we propose that the fragments of the JFP correspond to the monomer sequence in the following order from the N-terminus: 160, 70, 140 and 200 kDa. For this model, new calmodulin sequences are predicted to exist near 160 and 225 kDa from the N-terminus. When the intact JFP was labeled with azidoATP, label appeared in the 160 and 140 kDa fragments, which according to the above model contain the GXGXXG sequences postulated as ATP binding sites. This transmembrane segment was predicted by the ALOM program. In addition, calpain and calpastatin activities remained associated with triad component organelles throughout their isolation. These findings and the existence of PEDST sequences suggest that the JFP is normally degraded by calpain in vivo and that degradation is regulated by calpastatin and calmodulin.
Combinatorial effects of NusA and NusG on transcription elongation and rho-dependent termination in Escherichia coli

The transcription factors NusA and NusG from Escherichia coli are modulators of the RNA polymerase elongation reaction and Rho-dependent transcription termination. NusA decreases the elongation rate and termination efficiency while NusG increases both activities. Both Nus factors are able to physically interact with Rho and with RNA polymerase. Experiments with purified components designed to determine whether these factors act independently or competitively showed that the change in elongation rate was a composite of their individual effects, that the combined effect on termination was dependent on the reaction conditions and that the two factors do not compete for their sites of action for either effect. The two factors were also found not to enhance significantly the slight (20%) inhibition of elongation caused by 200 microM guanosine 3',5'-bisdiphosphate (ppGpp) during transcription in vitro. The results also show that the effects of NusA and NusG on RNA polymerase elongation and Rho function are contrary to the inverse relationship between elongation and termination that is expected for a kinetic coupling of Rho action to RNA polymerase elongation. This property suggests that in addition to their known actions on RNA polymerase that influence the length of pausing, these factors act on some other rate-limiting step of the Rho-dependent termination process.
Asymptotic normality of linear combinations of functions of the concomitant order statistics

In this note we derive asymptotic normality for a class of linear combinations of functions of concomitant order statistics by exploiting the relation between these statistics and rank statistics for testing independence. The proof can at once be obtained from the proof of the asymptotic normality (under fixed alternatives) of the statistics of the latter type by a slight modification which is in fact a simplification. The score function is allowed to have a finite number of discontinuities (so that one- or two- sided trimmed means are included) and need not be bounded. In this way we prove results similar to those in Yang (1981b) in a different and simple manner.