cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
83-P: GVHD IN MVT AND SMALL INTESTINAL TRANPLANTATION HSCT AS SAVAGE THERAPY

Aim Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after solid organ transplantation is a rare but fatal complication. The highest 5% to 10% reported after small intestine transplantation. The combination of chronic host immune suppression, minimal leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching and an inflammacion is capable of activating donor effector T cells all creating an environment for proliferation of donor alloreactive effector T cells resulting in acute GVHD. Purpose of this study is to propose therapeutic help in patients that underwent small bowel transplantation with GVHD no order therapeutic alternative with a fatal outcome. Methods Five patients that underwent multivisceral and insolated intestinal transplantation, these patients had no CPRA or DSA, induction immunosupression with ATG, Solumedrol and maintenance with Prograf and Medrol. GVHD was determined by clinical,pathological and Chimerism correlation. Chimerism was determined by SBT in CD3+. Donor/recipient allelic ratios were calculated simultaneous with absolute lymphocyte counts (ALC). Small bowel biopsy was assessed for rejection and GVHD. Results One adult and one pediatric patient underwent multivisceral transplantation develop GVHD. Donor T-cell Chimerism was detected as early as postoperative day 16 this donor T-cell Chimerism ranged from 0% to 93.6%; simultaneous CD4/CD8 ratio varied from 0. 1 to 1.3. Histopathological finding were seen at their native colon in these patients. Conclusions Graft-versus-host disease is a rare but potentially lethal complication after solid organ transplantation with a very high reported mortality of 75% to 100% in the adult and 20 to 30% in pediatric population after isolated small bowel transplantation. In this study, these patients respond with ATG for the rejection but with no recover of their Bone Marrow we propose for this patient’s savage therapy with HSCT, saving the cells prior transplant and offering in cases of no recovery to avoid fatal complications of the serious infections.
Social Determinants of Health and Adolescent Pregnancy: An Analysis from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health

Abstract Purpose Although rates of adolescent pregnancy are at an all-time low in the United States, racial/ethnic and geographic disparities persist. This research used National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) data to analyze empirical relationships between social determinants of health (SDoH) and adolescent pregnancy. Examining relationships between the SDoH and adolescent pregnancy provides support for funding priorities and interventions that expand on the current focus on individual- and interpersonal-level factors. Methods On the basis of the Healthy People 2020 Social Determinants of Health Framework, the identification of proxy measures for SDoH within the Add Health study allowed for an analysis of relationships to adolescent pregnancy (N = 9,204). Logistic regression examined associations between adolescent pregnancy and each measure of SDoH. Results Results indicated that 6 of 17 measures of SDoH had an empirical relationship with adolescent pregnancy. Measures negatively associated with adolescent pregnancy included the following: feeling close to others at school, receipt of high school diploma, enrollment in higher education, participation in volunteering or community service, reporting litter or trash in the neighborhood environment as a big problem, and living in a two-parent home. Conclusions Findings from this study support the need for increased research and intervention focus in SDoH related to areas of education and social and community context. Results of this study provide information for the allocation of resources to best address SDoH that show a link with adolescent pregnancy. Areas of future research can further explore the areas in which SDoH show a relationship with adolescent pregnancy.
Kinetics of action of a two-stage pro-inhibitor of serine β-lactamases.

β-Lactamase inhibitors are important in medicine in the protection of β-lactam antibiotics from β-lactamase-catalyzed destruction. The most effective inhibitors of serine β-lactamases covalently modify the enzyme active site. We have recently studied O-acyl and O-phosphyl hydroxamates as a new class of such inhibitors. In this paper, we describe our studies of the N-acyl derivatives of a cyclic O-acyl hydroxamic acid, 3H-benzo[d][1,2]oxazine-1,4-dione, and, in particular, the N-tert-butoxycarbonyl derivative. This compound is not a β-lactamase inhibitor itself but undergoes spontaneous hydrolysis in aqueous solution, yielding an O-phthaloyl hydroxamic acid, which is a β-lactamase inhibitor. This compound spontaneously, but reversibly, cyclizes in solution to form phthalic anhydride, which is also a β-lactamase inhibitor. Both inhibitors react to form the same transiently stable phthaloyl–enzyme complex. Thus, we have a two-step cascade, beginning with a pro-inhibitor, in which each step leads to a differe...
Manipulating the Morphology of P3HT–PCBM Bulk Heterojunction Blends with Solvent Vapor Annealing

Using grazing incidence X-ray scattering, we observe the effects of solvent vapors upon the morphology of poly(3-hexylthiophene)–phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT–PCBM) bulk heterojunction thin film blends in real time; allowing us to observe morphological rearrangements that occur during this process as a function of solvent. We detail the swelling of the P3HT crystallites upon the introduction of solvent and the resulting changes in the P3HT crystallite morphology. We also demonstrate the ability for tetrahydrofuran vapor to induce crystallinity in PCBM domains. Additionally, we measure the nanoscale phase segregated domain size as a function of solvent vapor annealing and correlate this to the changes observed in the crystallite morphology of each component. Finally, we discuss the implications of the morphological changes induced by solvent vapor annealing on the device properties of BHJ solar cells.
Recovery of Background Structures in Nanoscale Helium Ion Microscope Imaging.

This paper discusses a two step enhancement technique applicable to noisy Helium Ion Microscope images in which background structures are not easily discernible due to a weak signal. The method is based on a preliminary adaptive histogram equalization, followed by 'slow motion' low-exponent Levy fractional diffusion smoothing. This combined approach is unexpectedly effective, resulting in a companion enhanced image in which background structures are rendered much more visible, and noise is significantly reduced, all with minimal loss of image sharpness. The method also provides useful enhancements of scanning charged-particle microscopy images obtained by composing multiple drift-corrected 'fast scan' frames. The paper includes software routines, written in Interactive Data Language (IDL),(1) that can perform the above image processing tasks.
Improved Photon Absorption in a-Si:H Solar Cells using Photonic Crystal Architectures

Improved light-trapping is a major route to improving solar cell efficiencies. We design a combination of a 2-dimensional photonic crystal and a one-dimensional distributed Bragg reflector as the back reflector for a-Si:H solar cells. This configuration avoids inherent losses associated with textured back-reflectors. The photonic crystals are composed of ITO and can easily serve as a conducting back contact. We have optimized the geometry of the photonic crystal to maximize absorption using rigorous scattering matrix simulations. The photonic crystal provides strong diffraction of red and near-IR wavelengths within the absorber layer and can enhance the absorption by more than a factor of 10 relative to the case without the photonic crystal. The optical path length with the photonic crystal can improve over the limit for a random roughened scattering surface.
Error Correction of Capacitor Voltage Transformers for Insulation On-line Monitoring

The relevant factors causing the steady-state error of capacitor voltage transformers(CVTs)are analyzed.A parametric model is developed according to the structure and parameters of CVT.The effectiveness of the model is verified by comparing the error simulation results with experimental data of the accuracy test.For the insulation on-line monitoring,a new method based on this model is developed to correct the steady-state error of CVT,in which the voltage signals of the measuring winding and current signals of the secondary winding with load are collected and the nonlinear least-squares fitting algorithm based on Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is adopted to obtain the fundamental components.The equations of the model are utilized to determine the primary voltage of CVT.The analysis results indicate that the errors in ratio and phase due to the changes in the frequency,size of load and power factor can be markedly reduced,providing secondary monitoring facilities with high precision voltage signals.
Primary Aldosteronism and Primary Reninism

Evidence is presented that primary aldosteronism need not be accompanied by hypokalemia and that suppressed plasma renin activity is a more consistent metabolic clue, of particular importance in differentiating this curable cause of hypertension from secondary aldosteronisms. Primary reninism, caused by a renin-secreting renal neoplasm, is a recently discovered, also potentially curable, cause of hypertension.
Information Sharing during Auditors' Fraud Brainstorming: Effects of Psychological Safety and Auditor Knowledge

SUMMARY: We investigate the effects of psychological safety and auditor knowledge on subordinates' willingness to share privately known, fraud-relevant information during brainstorming. We test a model illustrating how partner leadership affects subordinates' perceptions of psychological safety (P-S), which then affect brainstorming differentially depending on the level of subordinates' task knowledge. Participants watch a video of a simulated brainstorming session in which we manipulate P-S by altering how the partner communicates. In the more (less) P-S condition, the partner engenders a supportive (non-supportive), non-threatening (threatening) group dynamic and a style that encourages (discourages) idea sharing. We predict and find that less-knowledgeable auditors increase their willingness to share privately known, fraud-relevant information in a more P-S setting than in a less P-S setting; there is no effect of differential levels of P-S on more-knowledgeable auditors' changes in willingness to shar...
SU-F-T-534: Using Daily Images to Verify Dosimetric Advantage of Dual-Isocentric Technique for High-Risk Prostate Cancer Treated with Pelvic Lymph Node.

Purpose: To evaluate a dual-isocentric technique to compensate for the daily independent movements of prostate and pelvic lymph nodes (PLN) of high-risk prostate cancer patients. Methods: Three patients, who received 78 Gy to the prostate, 66 Gy to the seminal vesicle (SV), and 50.4 Gy to the PLN in 39 fractions under CT-on-rail (CTOR) imaging guidance, were retrospectively selected. Each patient was planned with volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) techniques using (1) single isocenter with a 6 mm margin except 4 mm posteriorly (6/4 mm), to the prostate-CTV and a uniform 5 mm margin to the PLN-CTV, and (2) two isocenters, located at the centroids of the prostate or the PLN, with a 5/3 mm margin to the prostate-CTV and a 5 mm uniform margin to the PLN-CTV. Both plans met the established clinical guidelines, and were subsequently applied to the daily CTOR images, where prostate, SV, rectum and bladder were contoured by the same physician. On each of 117 CTOR images, two plans were created by registering only the bony anatomy for the single-isocentric one, or by registering both the bony anatomy and the prostate for the dual-isocentric one. These plans were then compared based on V78Gy of prostate-CTV, V66Gy of SV-CTV, and V50.4Gy of PLN-CTV. The paired Student's t-test was performed to test for significance. Results: The V78Gy of prostate-CTV in the dual-isocentric plans from 117 CTOR images was 99.32±0.89%, significantly (p<0.01) better than that in the single-isocentric ones (98.29±2.11%). Both V66Gy of SV-CTV and V50.4Gy of PLN-CTV were increased from 99.15±3.28% and 99.38±0.74% in the dual-isocentric plans to 99.31±2.02% and 99.48±0.90% in the single-isocentric ones, respectively, but neither were statistically significant (p=0.47 and 0.34). Conclusion: By targeting prostate and PLN accordingly in the daily verification images, the dosimetric advantage of dual-isocentric technique is verified even with a reduced margin.
Prediction of serum sodium based on diurnal weight gain among schizophrenics subject to water intoxication

We related normalized diurnal weight gain (NDWG) to a decrease in serum sodium concentration (DSOD) among 8 schizophrenics subject to water intoxication. DSOD = 0.422 + 1.675 × NDWG (n = 8, r = 0.864, P = 0.006). We used this relationship to interdict drinking and, thus, prevent severe hyponatremia.
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Coronene in the Presence of Perchlorate for In Situ Chemical Analysis of Martian Regolith.

Abstract The analysis of the organic compounds present in the martian regolith is essential for understanding the history and habitability of Mars, as well as studying the signs of possible extant or extinct life. To date, pyrolysis, the only technique that has been used to extract organic compounds from the martian regolith, has not enabled the detection of unaltered native martian organics. The elevated temperatures required for pyrolysis extraction can cause native martian organics to react with perchlorate salts in the regolith and possibly result in the chlorohydrocarbons that have been detected by in situ instruments. Supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2) extraction is an alternative to pyrolysis that may be capable of delivering unaltered native organic species to an in situ detector. In this study, we report the SCCO2 extraction of unaltered coronene, a representative polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), from martian regolith simulants, in the presence of 3 parts per thousand (ppth) sodium perchl...
Applying Syntactic, Semantic and Discourse Constraints in Chinese Temporal Annotation

We describe a Chinese temporal annotation experiment that produced a sizable data set for the TempEval-2 evaluation campaign. We show that while we have achieved high inter-annotator agreement for simpler tasks such as identification of events and time expressions, temporal relation annotation proves to be much more challenging. We show that in order to improve the inter-annotator agreement it is important to strategically select the annotation targets, and the selection of annotation targets should be subject to syntactic, semantic and discourse constraints.
Multifield sub-5 nm overlay in imprint lithography

One significant advantage of imprint lithography (IL) over photolithography is that the field size is not limited optically, and so, throughput can be very high (>100 cm2/s). But, in applications requiring precise (sub-5 nm) overlay, the field size is limited by the distortion (between template and wafer) to about the same field size (26 × 33 mm) as employed in current photolithographic tools for semiconductor integrated circuits. This reduces the throughput of current IL tools to less than that of current photolithographic tools. Here, the authors have, for the first time, created a multifield (dual and quad fields) nanoscale overlay capability by optimally combining (1) Precision mechanical actuators around the periphery of the fields which can correct for magnification and shear over the whole field, and (2) high resolution intrafield isotropic expansion and contraction using an array of local temperature control units. The authors have developed control algorithms for sub-5 nm overlay precision over u...
When does virtual embodiment change our minds

Can an avatar's body movements change a person's perception of good and bad? We discuss virtual embodiment according to theories of embodied cognition EC, and afferent and sensorimotor correspondences. We present an example study using virtual reality VR to test EC theory, testing the effect of altered virtual embodiment on perception. Participants either controlled an avatar whose arm movements were similar to their own or reflected the mirror opposite of their arm movements. We measured their associations of "good" and "bad" with the left and right i.e., space-valence associations. This study demonstrated how VR could be used to examine the possible ways that systems of the body e.g., visual, motor may interact to influence cognition. The implications of this research suggest that visual feedback alone is not enough to alter space-valence associations. Multiple sensory experiences of media i.e., sensorimotor feedback may be necessary to influence cognition, not simply visual feedback.
On the role of individuals in models of coupled human and natural systems

In models of coupled human and natural systems (CHANS), the role of individuals and human behavior is often overlooked as data are scarce and assumptions hard to verify. To assess this role, we couple an agent-based model simulating farmers' behavior and a groundwater model and apply the models to the case of groundwater-fed irrigation in a river basin in the High Plains Aquifer region. Results show the crucial role of human behavior in driving the interactions between these coupled systems. Conversely, individuals are impacted by the systems dynamics in different ways depending on physical, economic and social characteristics. The findings provide implications for local policy making and education and demonstrate that assumptions on human behavior could be treated as an additional source of uncertainty. This work suggests that modeling individuals and human behavior can be an important step to simulate and understand the dynamics of CHANS in a holistic way. Individuals and human behavior play a crucial role in driving CHANS' dynamics.Modeling individuals shows how CHANS' dynamics impact these individuals differently.Assumptions on human behavior have considerable effects on model results.Education and information diffusion can have critical roles in water conservation.
Turbulent Mixing Phenomena of Ocean Outfalls

The turbulent mixing process that occurs when sewage is discharged into sea water was studied in the laboratory for horizontal, 15○, 30○, 45○, and vertical angles of discharge. Conductivity probes were used to measure the continuous and instantaneous change in ion concentration of the discharged effluent as it diffused into the surrounding fluid. A statistical analysis was made of the mixing process and the effects of surface proximity, angle of discharge, depth-to-diameter ratio, and Froude number on the diffusion of the effluent were studied over a large range of values common to California ocean outfalls.
Decadal dynamics and predictability of oxygen and subsurface tracers in the California Current System

The oxygen of the source waters that feed the upwelling in the California Current System shows prominent multidecadal fluctuations that are not significantly correlated with the dominant modes of Pacific climate variability. By combining observations and ocean reanalysis products between 1950 and 2010, we show that decadal changes in oxygen are linked to subsurface salinity variability and primarily controlled by ocean circulation dynamics. We find that subsurface anomalies in the core of the North Pacific Current propagate the oxygen signal downstream into the coastal upwelling system following the path of the mean gyre circulation with a time scale of 10 years. These results suggest that decadal variability in the ocean subsurface is a key process for understanding, and potentially predicting, hypoxia and other biogeochemical tracers in upwelling systems. According to the current sign of the subsurface tracer anomalies in the gyre, California may experience a new period of strong decline in oxygen by 2020.
Landscape Establishment for Baldcypress, Red Maple, and Chaste tree is Delayed for Trees Transplanted from Larger Containers1

Abstract With container-grown trees offered to the public in an increasing array of sizes, it is important to determine the effects of different sizes of container stock on transplant establishment. Clonal replicates of Vitex agnus-castus, Acer rubrum var. drummondii, and Taxodium distichum grown under common nursery conditions in five container sizes, 3.5, 11.7, 23.3, 97.8, or 175.0 L (#1, #3, #7, #25, or #45, respectively), were transplanted to a sandy clay loam field. Physiological stress was measured using xylem water potential and photosynthetic gas exchange rates. Height, trunk diameter, and canopy spread were monitored post-transplant for three growing seasons and root growth was sampled for the first two growing seasons. Trees of all three species from smaller-sized containers, 23.3 L (#7) or less, exhibited reduced transplant shock, decreased establishment time and increased growth rates in comparison to larger-sized containers, apart from increased mortality in 3.5 L (#1) A. rubrum and slower gr...
Power-aware and cost-efficient state encoding in non-volatile memory based FPGAs

Non-volatile memory (NVM)-based FPGAs are expected to replace traditional SRAM-based FPGAs to achieve higher scalability, lower leakage power, and better reliability. In NVM-based FPGAs, dynamic power is the dominant power factor, and flip-flops exhibit the most intensive switching activities. While flip-flops can be implemented with NVM elements such as Magnetic Tunnel Junctions (MTJ), NVM cells suffer from high write energy, making it necessary to reduce dynamic power by minimizing bit flips. Furthermore, flip-flops are used to implement finite state machines, whose power and hardware cost are largely determined by state encoding. In this work, a new state encoding algorithm is proposed to reduce bit flips during state transitions within limited number of flip-flops. The proposed scheme, consisting of a transition graph model, an encoding graph conflict removing algorithm and a hardware efficient encoding algorithm, is able to reduce flip-flops used by 85% and reduce state transition bit flips by 41.1% compared with existing popular encoding solutions.
Tracing conceptual and geospatial diffusion of knowledge

Understanding the dynamics of knowledge diffusion has profound theoretical and practical implications across a wide variety of domains, ranging from scientific disciplines to education and understanding emergent social phenomena. On the other hand, it involves many challenging issues due to the inherited complexity of knowledge diffusion. In this article, we describe a unifying framework that is designed to facilitate the study of knowledge diffusion through multiple geospatial and semantic perspectives. In particular, we address the role of intrinsic and extrinsic geospatial properties of underlying phenomena in understanding conceptual and geospatial diffusion of knowledge. We illustrate the use of visualizations of geographic distributions of terrorist incidents, the structural evolution of research networks on terrorism and avian flu, and concept-location relations extracted from news stories.
Benefits and Barriers to Telehealth Credentialing by Proxy.

Abstract Background: Medical staff credentialing is the time-intensive process of verifying a provider's qualifications before granting privileges within a hospital. This process creates a large administrative barrier for telehealth services, as a large number of providers must be credentialed at each participating originating site within a telehealth network. Introduction: Despite the availability of a streamlined telehealth credentialing method called Credentialing by Proxy (CBP), a significant number of hospitals still opt for traditional credentialing. This project seeks to better understand the barriers and benefits to CBP. Materials and Methods: This study utilized stratified sampling to recruit nine participants who manage telehealth credentialing. Researchers conducted qualitative interviews using a semistructured interview guide and analysis through the constant comparative method. Length of the credentialing time for providers was also tracked over an 18-month period for 20 originating sites. Re...
A federated cloud computing framework for adaptive cyber defense and distributed computing

In this paper, we present a federated cloud computing framework for cybersecurity and big data analytics needed for emerging services and applications. We present the system model with its building blocks. Furthermore, we present significant challenges that are solved by the proposed federated architecture for end users as well as some of the challenges the proposed model brings with its implementation. The proposed federated model presents several benefits for devices to use cloud computing with the help of edge, fog and cloud computing using their operating parameters such as quality-of-service, location proximity, delay requirements, security level of the computing units, etc. Some numerical results obtained from simulation are presented to evaluate our claims. We also compared the proposed model with the static model and found that the proposed framework outperforms the traditional single-level approaches.
Hematological Aspects: Anticoagulation, Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia, Plasma Exchange

Cardiac ICU patients are at risk for thromboses due to their cardiac anatomy or because of iatrogenic procedures (e.g., cardiac bypass; catheterization). There are several anticoagulants used in the care of pediatric cardiac patients, each with unique mechanisms of action, methods of monitoring, and most have antidotes for rapid correction of anticoagulation.
Temperamental Contributions to the Development of Psychological Profiles: II. Two Candidates

Abstract This chapter discusses the developmental paths of the two infant temperaments called high and low reactivity. The former are biased to become shy, fearful toddlers, called behaviorally inhibited. The low-reactive infants are likely to become sociable, bold toddlers, or uninhibited children. With age, many who had been high-reactive infants lose their timid persona but retain, through late adolescence, a tense private feeling, and a physiology marked by high sympathetic tone, greater activation of the right frontal lobe, and greater blood flow to the amygdala following exposure to unfamiliar events. Low-reactive infants are more likely to preserve a sociable, extraverted persona as well as greater vagal tone, activation of the left frontal lobe, and smaller surges of blood flow to the amygdala to novel events. The critical conclusion is that a temperamental bias has greater power to limit the acquisition of certain traits than to determine the development of a particular trait.
Zebrafish facilities for small and large laboratories.

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on zebrafish facilities for small and large laboratories. Common principles underlie all sizes of zebrafish facilities. Each facility has different research goals and available space. Efficient functioning and avoidance of failures are primary concerns. Greater control over potential negative outside influences such as water supply, air supply, food, and new fish increases stability and security. This has to be balanced with considerations of space, equipment cost, labor, cost of maintenance, staff technical abilities, research usefulness, as well as efforts invested in a particular fish line. A zebrafish facility can range in size from a few independently filtered aquarium setups, through one or more self-contained racks, each equipped with a common filtration system, to larger facilities with many tank racks and large separate filtration units. A new facility design provides a rare opportunity to more cheaply install an extensive centralization friendly infrastructure, such as specialized plumbing and electrical equipment. Fish containers (tanks) should be selected with several features in mind. Container size and desired population size will affect efficient space utilization and ease of use. Most people first encounter zebrafish in pet stores or home aquariums. Their hardiness, low maintenance, and ease of breeding make them good fish for beginners. These traits simplify maintaining large numbers of them without plenty of individual attention. Zebrafish can tolerate fairly wide extremes of environmental parameters. The water conditions can be maintained by hand or automatically with a water system.
Electrooptic Tunable Filters for WDM Networks

An attractive component for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) in fiber optic networks is a four-port, tunable channel-dropping filter [1]. Such components are important to increase the bit rate for high capacity optical networks by better utilization of the fiber bandwidth, and also in switching functions for efficient signal routing. Polarization independence is a key requirement, and high speed (<1 μs) tuning is needed for packet-switching. Tunable wavelength filters have been produced in a number of materials using acoustooptic and electrooptic tuning schemes as well as movable gratings [2], [3]. This paper discusses the development of electrooptically tunable filters in ferroelectric LiTaO3 crystals. These filters make use of the static strain-optic (SSO) effect for phase matched polarization coupling in diffused channel waveguides. The use of the SSO effect in producing low-loss channel waveguides in LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 substrates, as well as in tungsten bronze Sr0.6Ba0.4Nb2O6 (SBN:60) and BSTN crystals [4] is also presented. The tungsten bronzes are attractive materials for making channel-dropping filters due to their larger r33 electrooptic coefficients [5], which could make it possible to increase the number of accessible wavelength channels and reduce electrooptic tuning voltages.
Lacrimal Sac Rhinosporidiosis and Surgical Management by Transnasal Endoscopic Excision: A Case Series.

Objectives To study the clinical profile and the route of spread of lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis. To device a standard transnasal endoscopic surgical procedure in the treatment of lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis. Methods This is a retrospective analysis of a case series on lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis. Thirteen cases of lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis reported in our institution from July 2003 to July 2016 were included. Workup included diagnostic nasal endoscopy and lacrimal syringing. All patients underwent transnasal endoscopic excision of rhinosporidiosis. Results Lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis was more prevalent among males and in the 31 to 40 years age group. All patients had a history of bathing in stagnant water bodies. The most common clinical presentation was a doughy swelling medial to the medial canthus. Lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis invariably presented with involvement of the nasolacrimal duct. Following the endoscopic excision of lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis, all patients were followed up for a mean period of 16 months, and only one patient had recurrence. Conclusion A unique aspect of our case series is that patients presented with features pertaining to isolated lacrimal system involvement rather than sinonasal involvement. Involvement of the nasolacrimal duct and nasal cavity without involvement of the eyes in all cases confirms the retrograde spread of rhinosporidiosis from the nasal cavity into the lacrimal sac via the nasolacrimal duct as the most common route of spread of infection. We recommend that endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy, along with nasolacrimal duct excision used for surgical management in our case series with superior results, must become the standard of care in treatment of this condition. Level of evidence 4 Laryngoscope, 128:2693-2696, 2018.
Effects of Medication Nonadherence and Comorbidity on Health Resource Utilization in Schizophrenia.

BACKGROUND: Medication nonadherence to antipsychotic drugs, which is commonly seen in patients with schizophrenia who have comorbidities, not only affects the quality of life of individuals sufferi...
CHLORPROMAZINE HEPATOTOXICITY MANIFESTED BY A SELECTIVE AND SUSTAINED RISE OF SERUM ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY; REPORT OF A CASE.

A patient with liver injury, probably due to chlorpromazine toxicity, is presented. Unusual features of this patient's illness included an extremely high and persistent elevation of alkaline phosphatase level without hyperbilirubinemia and lack of centrilobular bile stasis on liver biopsy.
Effects of different drying methods on drying characteristics, colour and in-vitro bioaccessibility of phenolics and antioxidant capacity of blackthorn pestil (leather)

The aim of this study was to determine the drying characteristics, effective moisture diffusivity, colour, sensory properties and in-vitro bioaccessibility of phenolics and antioxidant capacity of blackthorn pestils dried with three different methods; hot air (60 and 70 °C), vacuum (60 and 70 °C with 20 and 30 kPa) and microwave (90 and 180 W) drying. Seven drying models were applied to the experimental data for the achievement of the most suitable thin layer model for drying curves. Depending on the statistical tests, The Page, Modified Page, Henderson and Pabis and Logarithmic models were found to be the most appropriate models to provide the drying characteristics of blackthorn pestils. Effective moisture diffusivity values obtained from Fick’s diffusion model were between 5.55 × 10−8 and 8.13 × 10−7 m2/s for vacuum drying at 60 °C–30 kPa and microwave drying at 180 W respectively. The colour values, a*, b*, Cab* and h° decreased while L* increased after drying. As a result of drying processes, total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity (DPPH, FRAP) of undigested and simulated gastric and intestinal digested samples showed a decrement compared to paste mixture.. After the simulated intestinal digestion the amount of total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity (DPPH, FRAP, CUPRAC) were increased significantly (p < 0.05). In conclusion, different drying methods affected the bioactive content and for sensorial analyses, hot air and vacuum dried samples were accepted by the panellists.
How We Should Teach Reasoning by Sign, but Don't

This essay identifies inconsistencies in the manner in which argumentation textbooks teach reasoning by sign and argues that the field of argumentation misunderstands this important form of reasoni...
Sport Specialization and Coordination Differences in Multisport Adolescent Female Basketball, Soccer, and Volleyball Athletes.

Context Early sport specialization, or the participation in 1 sport year-round to the exclusion of all others, is a growing concern in youth athletics because of its possible association with muscu...
Adequate (or Adipose?) Yearly Progress: Assessing the Effect of

This paper investigates how accountability pressures under No Child Left Behind (NCLB) may affect children's rate of overweight. Schools facing increased pressures to produce academic outcomes may reallocate their efforts in ways that have unintended consequences for children's health. For example, schools may cut back on recess and physical education in favor of increasing time on tested subjects. To examine the impact of school accountability programs, we create a unique panel data set of schools in Arkansas that allows us to test the impact of NCLB rules on students' weight outcomes. Our main approach is to consider schools to be facing increased pressures if they are on the margin of passing - that is, if any subgroup at the school has a passing rate that is close to the AYP passing threshold, where we define close as being 5 percentage points above or below the threshold. We find evidence of small effects of accountability pressures on the percent of students at a school that are overweight. A follow-up survey of school principals points to reductions in physical activity and worsening of the food environment as potential mechanisms.
Can VIIRS continue the legacy of MODIS for near real-time monitoring of tropical forest disturbance?

Abstract Near real-time monitoring of forest disturbance is a critical tool for combating illegal logging. The only feasible data sources for near real-time monitoring over large area are remote sensing data, and historically the only sensors with repeat times sufficient for near-real time monitoring are from coarse-resolution sensors such as MODIS. The MODIS sensors onboard the Terra and Aqua satellites have provided near daily global observations in the red and NIR spectral bands at 250 m resolution since 1999. While their longevity is impressive, the sensors are nearing the end of their lifespan and the MODIS data record will be continued by the VIIRS sensor onboard Suomi NPP. But because of the spatial and spectral differences between MODIS and VIIRS, it is worth investigating whether VIIRS can replace MODIS as input data for near real-time monitoring. In this article, we compared the performance of the NRT-CCDC (Near Real-Time Continuous Change Detection and Classification) algorithm using the Terra/ and Aqua/MODIS composites at 250 m resolution, Terra/MODIS 250 m and 500 m surface reflectance, Aqua/MODIS 250 m and 500 m surface reflectance, and VIIRS 500 m surface reflectance. We found that the algorithm using composites from both MODIS sensors and Terra/MODIS data at 250 m resolution outperformed the results obtained when using VIIRS data. The results were similar when using 500 m data from Terra/MODIS alone compared to VIIRS data. We found that a morning overpass, like that of Terra, is preferable to an afternoon overpass, which is employed by VIIRS and Aqua. Spatial and temporal resolution of the input data are two key factors in successful near real-time monitoring of forest disturbance.
Trip duration modifies spatial spread of infectious diseases.

Early theories of pathogen transmission were based on random interactions among host individuals with models essentially borrowed from chemistry (1), providing fundamental analytical results including the structure of the basic reproductive number for pathogen invasion (the number of secondary cases caused by an infectious individual in a susceptible population) and the “herd immunity” fraction of a population that must be immunized to eradicate disease (2). Moreover, these “well-mixed” models have done an impressive job in explaining complex patterns in disease data (3). However, the collation and sharing of high-quality data have pushed the field forward, identifying the importance of movement of individuals between discrete populations in the persistence and spread of infectious diseases (4, 5). In efforts to identify how detailed models must be to explain and predict spatial dynamics, gravity models have proven their worth (6⇓–8). At their simplest, connectivity between populations depends positively on population sizes and inversely on distance. However, these hybrid mechanistic–statistical models can test far more than the importance of population sizes and geographic location. The challenge is to identify the kinds of data that … [↵][1]1Email: awpark{at}uga.edu. [1]: #xref-corresp-1-1
Surveying populations of Delia radicum (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) and its associated natural enemies in organic cauliflower in California

Delia radium is a root-feeding pest of cole crops. In California, the biocontrol agents associated with D. radicum are not well understood. Soil samples and sentinel pupae were used to assess D. ra...
The Closing Argument for Surgical Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion

It is widely accepted that the increased risk of stroke among patients with atrial fibrillation is substantially due to embolization of thrombi that develop in the left atrial appendage. On the bas...
Intertemporally Dependent Preferences and the Welfare Cost of Capital Income Taxation

The welfare cost of capital income taxation is analyzed utilizing intertemporally dependent preference operationalized using a variable rate of time preference. It is shown that if households exhibit increasing marginal impatience, then the welfare cost of capital income taxation is inversely related to the elasticity of the rate of time preference with respect to consumption. Therefore, the welfare cost of capital income taxation reported using time additive preferences may not be robust. Numerical examples show that the use of time additive preferences could result in the welfare cost of capital income taxation to be overestimated by as much as 25%.
Modeling and Simulating Empires: Toward a Game World Generator

This talk enumerates the challenges of building a game generator that works like the SimCity and/or empire building genre of games. This talk begins by describing a universally recurring socio-cultural "game" of inter-group competition for control of resources. It next describes efforts to author a game generator and software agents able to play the game as real humans would - which suggests the ability to study alternative ways to influence them, observe effects, and potentially understand how best to alter the outcomes of dysfunctional economies and potential conflict situations. I then examine two implemented game worlds (NonKin Village and FactionSim Countries). I conclude by arguing that substantial effort on game realism, best-of-breed social science models, and agent validation efforts is essential if analytic experiments are to effectively explore alternative ways to influence outcomes.
Landmark-based robot navigation

To operate in the real world robots must deal with errors in control and sensing. Achieving goals despite these errors requires complex motion planning and plan monitoring. We present a reduced version of the general problem and a complete planner that solves it in polynomial time. The basic concept underlying this planner is that of a landmark. Within the field of influence of a landmark, robot control and sensing are perfect. Outside any such field control is imperfect and sensing is null. In order to make sure that the above assumptions hold, we may have to specifically engineer the robot workspace. Thus, for the first time, workspace engineering is seen as a means to make planning problems tractable. The planner was implemented and experimental results are presented. An interesting feature of the planner is that it always returns a universal plan in the form of a collection of reaction rules. This plan can be used even when the input problem has no guaranteed solution, or when unexpected events oceur during plan execution.
Law, Infrastructure and Human Rights

From attacks on oil infrastructure in post-war reconstruction Iraq to the laying of gas pipelines in the Amazon Rainforest through indigenous community villages, infrastructure projects are sites of intense human rights struggles. Many state and non-state actors have proposed solutions for handling human rights problems in the context of specific infrastructure projects. Solutions have been admired for being lofty in principle; however, they have been judged wanting in practice. This book analyzes how human rights are handled in varied contexts and then assesses the feasibility of a common international institutional solution under the auspices of the United Nations to the alleged problem of the inability to translate human rights into practice.
Global migration of internationally educated nurses: Experiences of employment discrimination

Abstract With over 57 countries reporting a critical shortage of healthcare workers worldwide, increasing reliance of developed countries on registered nurses from less developed countries of Africa and Asia has generated a significant policy debate about public health, ethical and policy concerns related to international migration of nurses. Discrimination and unequal treatment faced by migrant nurses is one of the most important issues related to international migration of nurses. This article present a discussion of the broad topics surrounding nurse migration followed by a synthesis of 15 published qualitative and quantitative research articles related to specifically to the subject of employment discrimination experiences of internationally educated nurses in Canada, United Kingdom and the United States. Evidence shows that international nurses often encounter covert and overt discrimination in the workplace. It is important for nurses to be aware of the extent and nature of employment discrimination encountered by migrant nurses. Nursing leaders and policy makers need to ensure that all nurses are treated equally in the workplace.
Bleeding from peristomal varices: perspectives on prevention and treatment

Peristomal variceal bleeding is a serious complication in patients with chronic liver disease undergoing colon surgery with a stoma. Our aim was to examine the morbidity of bleeding for peristomal, perianastomotic, and esophageal varices in a group of patients with chronic liver disease who underwent colectomy at the Mayo Clinic between 1970 and 1988. Morbidity was evaluated in terms of the number of major bleeding episodes and the number of units of blood transfused. The treatment of bleeding was also evaluated. One hundred seventeen patients (74 males and 43 females) aged 11–78 years were studied. Sixty-two patients (53 percent) had a permanent stoma, while 55 patients (47 percent) had a colonic resection and anastomosis. Sixty-seven patients (62 percent) had chronic ulcerative colitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. In the stoma group, bleeding appeared from stomal and/or esophageal varices in 19 patients (31 percent), while, in the non-stoma group, bleeding exclusively from the esophageal varices occurred in eight patients (15 percent). Perianastomotic variceal bleeding was never observed. The 5-year cumulative probabilities of one major bleed occurring from gastrointestinal varices appeared to be similar between the two groups. Patients who bled from peristomal varices with or without esophageal bleeding (n=17) rebled more frequently (6.5±5.5 vs.3±1.6; P <0.05) and were transfused more often (14.9±12.3 vs.7.5±4.1; P <0.05) than patients who bled exclusively from esophageal varices (n=10). No difference was found in the incidence of recurrent bleeding and the number of units of blood transfused between patients who bled exclusively from peristomal varices (n=10) and those who bled from both peristomal and esophageal varices (n =7). Medical and local measures were more effective in controlling esophageal bleeding than in controlling peristomal bleeding. Therefore, patients with chronic liver disease who must undergo colectomy should have a distal anastomosis rather than a terminal stoma.
Sherlock Holmes in a Chemistry Class

This essay describes my process for creating episodes of The Chemical Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, a JCE series conceived by Thomas G. Waddell and Thomas R. Rybolt.