cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Location of Cross-links in γ Chains from Calf Skin Collagen

Abstract In calf skin collagen cross-links are formed between pairs of polypeptide chains and between all three chains of the tropocollagen molecules as the tissue matures. When the three chains are held in register by cross-links the molecule becomes reversibly renaturable. If such a molecule is transected by sonic irradiation or proteolytic attack then any part of the molecule that retains the cross-links between the three chains remains reversibly renaturable and can be fractionated and identified by electron microscopy. In this way we show that the cross-links occur at both ends of the molecule. The carboxyl-terminal quarter (B end) was identified as the major site of cross-links in all materials examined, but it was deduced that a "Z" chain structure (wherein a cross-link between two chains occurs at each end to one common chain) is the predominant species present in acid-soluble tropocollagen. Relatively few cross-links between all three chains occur in the amino-terminal quarter of acid-soluble tropocollagen and these are vulnerable to pepsin digestion; the cross-links at both ends were labile to Pronase digestion. In enzyme-solubilized collagen obtained from insoluble collagen (representing a more mature collagen), new or stabilized cross-links were found in both end quarters. Those at the amino terminus are resistant to pepsin or trypsin digestion, while those at the carboxyl terminus are resistant to pepsin, trypsin, and Pronase digestion. The possible existence of a structural weakness vulnerable to shearing forces at a point 43% of the length of the molecule from the carboxyl terminus and a structural discontinuity susceptible to trypsin action one-quarter length from the same end have been noted. The occurrence of a component higher in molecular weight than tropocollagen has been shown, and its possible relationship to a fundamental packing unit in fibrogenesis has been indicated.
A robust seedless algorithm for correlation clustering

Finding correlation clusters in the arbitrary subspaces of high- dimensional data is an important and a challenging research problem. The current state-of-the-art correlation clustering approaches are sensitive to the initial set of seeds chosen and do not yield the optimal result in the presence of noise. To avoid these problems, we propose RObust SEedless Correlation Clustering (ROSECC) algorithm that does not require the selection of the initial set of seeds. Our approach incrementally partitions the data in each iteration and applies PCA to each partition independently. ROSECC does not assume the dimensionality of the cluster beforehand and automatically determines the appropriate dimensionality (and the corresponding subspaces) of the correlation cluster. Experimental results on both synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. We also show the robustness of our method in the presence of a significant noise levels in the data.
Caffeine induces both short-term and long-term effects on gene expression and DNA methylation in the mouse heart (542.3)

Introduction: Evidence indicates that disruption of normal prenatal development influences an individual’s risk of developing cardiovascular disease as adults. Thus, understanding how in utero expo...
Toward robust and platform-agnostic gait analysis

Biometric gait analysis using wearable sensors offers an objective and quantitative method for gait parameter extraction. However, current techniques are constrained to specific platform parameters, and hence significantly lack generality, scalability and sustainability. In this paper, we propose a platform-independent and self-adaptive approach for gait cycle detection and cadence estimation. Our algorithm utilizes physical kinematic properties and cyclic patterns of foot acceleration signals to automatically adjust internal parameters of the algorithm. As a result, the proposed approach is robust to noise and changes in sensor platform parameters such as sampling rate and sensor resolution. For the evaluation purpose, we use acceleration signals collected from 16 subjects in a clinical setting to examine the accuracy and robustness of the proposed algorithm. The results show that our approach achieves a precision above 98% and a recall above 95% in stride detection, and an average accuracy of 98% in cadence estimation under various uncertainty conditions such as noisy signals and changes in sampling frequency and sensor resolution.
The role of spiral (Helical) computerized tomography with three-dimensional reconstruction in pediatric solid tumors

The ability to accurately assess tumor size and orientation to surrounding vital structures is an important consideration during preoperative evaluation. The authors report on nine children with solid tumors (hepatoblastoma [1], neuroblastoma [2], adrenal cortical carcinoma [2], liver adenoma [1], primitive neuroectodermal tumor [PNET] [1], and stage V Wilms' tumor [2]) for whom tumor resectability was questioned because of the tumors' close proximity to major blood vessels (noted through conventional radiographic imaging). The children had scanning with spiral volumetric acquisition computerized tomography, (CT) which obtains images during continuous rotation of the x-ray source while the patient moves at a constant velocity through the gantry. This technique is rapid (18 to 30 seconds), and is similar with respect to radiation exposure; little or no sedation is required, and the contrast dose is lower than that of conventional CT. Three-dimensional reconstruction of spiral CT imaging provided useful information that allowed successful resection in all nine cases. The authors suggest that spiral CT may become an important imaging modality in the preoperative evaluation of pediatric solid tumors and that further evaluation of this new methodology is warranted.
Bayesian Tree Substitution Grammars as a Usage-based Approach:

Tree substitution grammar (TSG) is a generalization of context-free grammar (CFG) that permits non-terminals to rewrite as fragments of arbitrary size, instead of just depth-one productions. We discuss connections between the TSG framework and the larger family of usage-based approaches to language, showing how TSG allows us to make some of the claims of these approaches sufficiently concrete for computational modeling.A fundamental difficulty in defining a TSG is to determine the set of fragments for the grammar, because the set of possible fragments is exponential in the size of the parse trees from which TSGs are typically learned. We describe a model-based approach that learns a TSG using Gibbs sampling with a non-parametric prior to control fragment size, yielding grammars that contain mostly small fragments but that include larger ones as the data permits. We evaluate these grammars on two tasks (parsing accuracy and grammaticality classification), and find that these Bayesian TSGs achieve excellent...
Human capital investment and economic growth: Exploring the cross-country evidence

Abstract The paper investigates three models on the role of education in economic growth: human capital theory, a threshold effect, and interaction effects between education and technological activity. Data for 24 OECD countries on GDP, employment, and investment from the Penn World Tables over the period 1950 to 1990 was used. Five sources are used for educational data. The descriptive statistics suggest that the convergence in labor productivity levels among these nations appears to correspond to their convergence in schooling levels. However, econometric results showing a positive and significant effect of formal education on productivity growth among OECD countries are spotty at best. With only one or two exceptions, educational levels, the growth in educational attainment, and interaction effects between schooling and R&D were not found to be significant determinants of country labor productivity growth.
A melt process to superconductive fibres of Bi2Sr2CaCu2 oxide

A particulate precursor of superconductive Bi2Sr2CaCu2 oxide dispersed in an aqueous poly(vinyl alcohol) solution, was shaped into fibres. The fibres fired at a Tmax of 850 °C were very porous. Although they exhibited a Meissner on-set transition at 85 K, electrical resistance at 0.02 Acm−2 at 77 K was still not zero. Exposing the porous fibres to a temperature slightly above their melting point densified them. The treated fibres had a sharp Meissner transition and could carry critical current (Jc) as high as 331 A cm−2 at 77 K. They were also more resistant to the effect of a magnetic field than the fibre fired at 850 °C. Eighty percent of the treated fibre was found to be the superconductive 2 2 1 2 phase.
Demography, kinship, and the evolving theory of genomic imprinting

Genomic imprinting is the differential expression of an allele based on the parent of origin. Recent transcriptome-wide evaluations of the number of imprinted genes reveal complex patterns of imprinted expression among developmental stages and cell types. Such data demand a comprehensive evolutionary framework in which to understand the effect of natural selection on imprinted gene expression. We present such a framework for how asymmetries in demographic parameters and fitness effects can lead to the evolution of genomic imprinting and place recent theoretical advances in this framework. This represents a modern interpretation of the kinship theory, is well suited to studying populations with complex social interactions, and provides predictions which can be tested with forthcoming transcriptomic data. To understand the intricate phenotypic patterns that are emerging from the recent deluge of data, future investigations of genomic imprinting will require integrating evolutionary theory, transcriptomic data, developmental and functional genetics, and natural history.
Pharmacomodulation of High-Density Lipoprotein Metabolism as a Therapeutic Intervention for Atherosclerotic Disease

The high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are produced by the liver and small intestine as well as on the surface of lipid-enriched macrophages in the subendothelial space of arterial walls. Unlike the apo B100-containing lipoproteins, the HDLs are uniquely antiatherogenic. Based on prospective observational studies performed throughout the world, there is a consistent inverse relationship between serum levels of HDLs and risk for cardiovascular events: low levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) are associated with increased risk, whereas high levels are usually associated with reduced risk for myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and cardiovascular mortality. Post hoc analyses of a number of studies using statins and fibrates have shown that raising serum HDL-C correlates with a reduction in risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Given these observations, enormous resources are being committed to the development of novel means by which to pharmacologically increase rates of HDL biosynthesis, modulate the functionality of HDL, and to promote reverse cholesterol transport with intravenous infusions of HDL particles.
Indirect association of DAT1 genotype with executive function through white matter volume in orbitofrontal cortex

Abstract The dopamine transporter ( DAT1 ) gene has been associated with impulsivity and executive functioning. Further, DAT1 has been associated with brain structural characteristics and resting state connectivity. This study tested an indirect effect model in which DAT1 genotype (9-repeat (9R) carriers vs 10-repeat (10R) homozygotes) is linked to phenotypes representing impulsivity and executive function (planning behavior) through effects on white matter (WM) volumes in prefrontal cortex (PFC), particularly orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Adolescents (ages 14–18, n =38) were recruited from substance use treatment ( n =22) and the community ( n =16) to increase phenotype variation. Results indicated that DAT1 10/10 genotype was associated with lower WM volume in the PFC, specifically the left OFC. Further, lower WM volume in the left OFC predicted more difficulties in self-reported planning behavior, but not impulsivity. Indirect effect analysis indicated that lower WM volume in the left OFC mediated the association between DAT1 10/10 genotype and difficulties in planning behavior. Results suggest a brain structural mechanism, involving lower WM volume in the left OFC, as a link in the association between DAT1 genotype and a specific aspect of executive function. Genetic effects on regional WM volume that are linked to behavioral outcomes could ultimately inform the development of tailored interventions that address an individual׳s unique risk factors.
Intramolecular energy patitioning in multiphoton excitation by isotopic branching

Abstract The IR multiphoton dissociation of CH2DCH2Cl was studied by observing the yields and the branching ratio R = [HCl]/[DCl] of the two unimolecular reaction channels. The yields and R were examined as a function of beam energy, beam geometry, excitation wavelenght, irradiation time and the pressure of various added inert gases. It was found that R initially decreased with increasing inert gas pressure in the range 0 – 5 Torr and finally reached a plateau at higher pressures; the plateau corresponded to internal energies E* up to 120 kcal mol−1 (about 40 photons) and lifetimes of about 10−1 – 10−10s. The effects of various added inert gases, changes in excitation wavelength and the inert gas pressure were incompatible with a Boltzmann population but quantitatively compatible with a Rice—Ramsperger—Kassel—Marcus transition state model.
Sans Study Of Third Phase Formation In The Th(iv)-hno3/tbp-n-octane System

Formation of a third organic phase at high metal loading in the extraction of tetravalent actinides by TBP in aliphatic diluents has been investigated mostly from the standpoint of the composition of the organic phase species before and after phase splitting. Very little is known of the structure and morphology of the organic phase species. In this work, a study of third phase formation upon either dissolution of Th(NO3)4 in 20% TBP in n-octane or Th(NO3)4 extraction from 1 M HNO3 by 20% TBP in n-octane is reported. Chemical analyses have shown that, under the conditions of this work, Th(IV) exists in the organic phase mainly as the trisolvate Th(NO3)4·(TBP)3. The third phase species also contains a small amount of HNO3, presumably hydrogen-bonded to the trisolvate complex. Small-angle neutron scattering measurements on TBP solutions loaded with only HNO3 or with increasing amounts of Th(IV) revealed the presence, before phase splitting, of large ellipsoidal aggregates with the parallel and perpendicular ...
On the Wavelength of the Rossby Waves Radiated by Tropical Cyclones

Abstract The authors present a theory for the zonal wavelength of tropical depression–type disturbances, which occur as a result of Rossby wave radiation from a preexisting tropical cyclone (TC). In some cases, such disturbances undergo tropical cyclogenesis, resulting in a pair of tropical cyclones; the theory then predicts the zonal separation distance of such tropical cyclone pairs. Numerical experiments are presented in which a thermally forced vortex, superimposed on an initial state of rest, is moved at different velocities in a shallow-water model on a sphere. Vortices moving westward generate coherent wave trains to the east or southeast (depending on the amplitude of the vortex), resembling those in observations. The zonal wavelengths of these wave trains in each case are well described by the linear stationary solution in the frame comoving with the vortex. Vortices moving eastward or remaining stationary do not generate such trains, also consistent with linear theory, which admits no stationary...
Evaluation of a surface panel method coupled with several boundary layer analyses

Three boundary layer models are interacted with an inviscid panel method to evaluate their capabilities to predict aerodynamic performance characteristics. These boundary layer models include two two-dimensional boundary layer models and one three-dimensional boundary layer model. Previously reported discrepancies between the transpiration and surface displacement inviscid boundary layer simulations are discussed and resolved. Results from each of the models are compared with experimental data.
Assessing The Effectiveness Of Federal Policy On Environmental Illness

The increased number of Americans suffering from environmental illness has produced numerous governmental actions. Federal efforts taken to help individuals afflicted with multiple chemical sensitivities, which is a disabling hypersensitivity to commonplace chemicals, reveal that the government can provide benefits to the afflicted much more readily than it can regulate the causes of the affliction. Regulation of the suspected causes of this condition has been blocked because of a medical controversy over its origin. While Congress initially provided funds to study the origins of the malady, the amounts were insufficient to produce the conclusive evidence necessary to settle the controversy. The result has been that the federal government continues to provide disability benefits to the growing number of sufferers, but does not fund the research that could justify regulation of the causes of the condition.
Glutamic acid production with gel‐entrapped Corynebacterium glutamicum

A glutamic acid producing microorganism (Corynebacterium glutamicum) is entrapped in a polyacrylamide gel. These immobilized microorganisms were used to produce glutamic acid in successive batches of fresh medium. Free microorganisms similarly used produced much less glutamic acid under similar conditions.
Effect of Temperature on Surfactant-Driven Water Movement in Wet “Unsaturated” Sand

The effect of temperature on the surfactant-driven movement of water in wet “unsaturated” sand was investigated and correlated with the equilibrium spreading pressure of the surfactant and the character of the surfactant monolayer at πe. The previously determined criteria for surfactant effectiveness were confirmed. An approximately linear relationship between πe and the amount of water moved by effective surfactants was found. Temperature changes affect water movement by influencing the surfactant πe and the monolayer state at πe.
Associative parallel processing for the fast Fourier transform

An associative memory is proposed as a parallel processing unit for the fast Fourier transform; such a processing unit is well suited to implementation in large-scale integrated circuit technologies. Formulas are derived for the number of memory operations required to execute the algorithm and are tabulated for a range of the number of data points being transformed. It is shown that a 1024 word by 64 bit memory with an operation time of 100 ns could execute a 1024 point transform in 8.4 ms.
Targeting the androgen receptor in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

*Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, George Washington University Medical Center, 2150 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20037, USA; Tel.: +1 202 741 2478; Fax: +1 202 741 2487; jaragonching@mfa.gwu.edu Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has been the cornerstone of treatment for metastatic prostate cancer. Since the emergence of castration resistance, attempts to define mechanisms of resistance has led the field into a search for non-androgen receptor (AR)-driven targets. This brought on an era of investigation that began with the use of chemotherapy for prostate cancer. While chemotherapy has been one of the earliest established treatments for men with symptomatic prostate cancer, based on the TAX327 and SWOG 9916 trials, it has only recently been established that the role of chemotherapy may not be limited to microtubule inhibition alone, but also inhibition of AR nuclear translocation [1,2]. The perception that the AR ceases to become a therapeutic target also heralded a generation of agents targeting alternative nonandrogen-dependent pathways that showed promising results in Phase II trials, but failed to provide survival benefit when tested in larger prospective Phase III trials. The landscape of treatment was truly revolutionized when further AR manipulation via the use of androgen biosynthesis inhibitors and novel antiandrogens came into fruition. The traditional concept of testicular androgen suppression was considered insufficient when increased intraprostatic and intratumoral androgens were considered contributors to further testosterone production, which brought about the concept of CYP17 enzyme inhibition that would later give rise to the development and approval of abiraterone acetate in 2011 and 2012 for both postchemotherapy metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients [3], as well as prechemotherapy-naive patients [4], respectively. Similarly, peripheral androgen blockade with novel second-generation enzalutamide provided a unique profile as it was selected from a library of compounds for its AR inhibition of cells overexpressing the AR, which is far more potent than bicalutamide and was approved in 2012 for postchemotherapy metastatic CRPC patients. In addition, the more recently concluded PREVAIL trial has been reported [5] and enzalutamide has been shown to statistically improve overall survival in men who were chemotherapy-naive compared with patients receiving placebo (p < 0.0001). Enzalutamide provided a 30% reduction in risk of death compared with placebo (hazard ratio: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.59–0.83). Jeanny B Aragon-Ching* “The discovery of novel androgen biosynthesis inhibitors and second-generation antiandrogens are only the beginning of a host of agents that can circumvent the androgen receptor machinery.”
Improving the interfacial resistance in lithium cells with additives

Abstract Improved interfacial resistance was observed in lithium cells by the use of new additives. The additives, nitrile sucrose and nitrile cellulose and their lithium salts, were evaluated in polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) thin-film gelled electrolytes containing a mixture of ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC). The electrochemical properties of the films with and without the additives were measured as a function of temperature and compared. The interfacial resistance ( R in ) of the films with the additives was significantly lower than that without the additives, especially at sub-ambient temperatures. For example, the R in at −20°C for the films with additives was around 7000 Ω cm 2 and that for the films without the additives was >20,000 Ω cm 2 . Results obtained from using the additives in lithium-ion (Li-ion) cells show significant improvements in the low frequency resistance of the cells.
Theoretical investigation of suitability of pyrrole as diene for Diels–Alder reaction

Abstract The AMI semiempirical and B3LYP density functional studies are performed with the target of determining the reactivity of pyrrole and its derivative as dienes in Diels–Alder reactions with acetylene derivatives. Qualitative approaches, such as frontier molecular orbital (FMO) energy gap between reactants, FMO energy change necessary for reactants to embrace in their transformation into the transition state structure, and uniformity of pyrrole's ring bond orders are employed to assess this study. Quantitative reactivity was determined through computing the activation barriers for cycloaddition reaction as well as for Michael addition as a competitive reaction to the Diels–Alder addition reaction. All computed values are compared with experimental values with good agreement.
Reciprocal modulation of calcium current by serotonin and dopamine in the identified Aplysia neuron R15.

Voltage-clamp methods were employed to study the effects of serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine on the pharmacologically isolated calcium current in the identified Aplysia neuron R15 grown in cell culture. Neurons were obtained from juvenile animals and had not yet developed the bursting pacemaker pattern of activity characteristic of R15 in mature animals. In R15 5-HT elicits a biphasic response consisting of excitatory depolarization followed by an inhibitory hyperpolarization and dopamine elicits an inhibitory hyperpolarization. 5-HT increased the Ca2+ current without affecting its voltage dependence. The 5-HT effect persisted when Ba2+ was employed to carry current through Ca2+ channels. 5-HT did not affect the rate of Ca2+-dependent Ca2+ current inactivation other than through its effect on the magnitude of the Ca2+ current. The adenylate cyclase activator forskolin, in the presence of a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, also increased the magnitude of the Ca2+ or Ba2+ current. This result suggested that the 5-HT-induced enhancement of Ca2+ current was mediated by cAMP. Dopamine inhibited Ca2+ current when either Ca2+ or Ba2+ was employed as the current carrier. Dopamine did not affect the rat of Ca2+-dependent inactivation of Ca2+ current other than through its effect on the magnitude of the Ca2+ current. Intracellular injection of the Ca2+ chelator EGTA inhibited serotonergic modulation of the Ca2+ current but not dopaminergic modulation. These results indicated that the putative neurotransmitters 5-HT and dopamine may regulate bursting activity in mature R15 neurons through modulation of Ca2+ current.
CULTURE AND GENDER IN ACCOUNTING RESEARCH: GOING BEYOND MYNATTET AL.

Abstract Accounting research suffers from a lack of attention to culture and gender issues. In particular, no in-depth research which explores Latinos in the accounting profession has been undertaken. Such research would challenge prevailing notions of equality of opportunity in the profession and would take a qualitative approach to investigating the persistent under-representation of people of color among accountants.
Decision strategies maximizing the area under the LROC curve

For the 2-class detection problem (signal absent/present), the likelihood ratio is an ideal observer in that it minimizes Bayes risk for arbitrary costs and it maximizes AUC, the area under the ROC curve. The AUC-optimizing property makes it a valuable tool in imaging system optimization. If one considered a different task, namely, joint detection and localization of the signal, then it would be similarly valuable to have a decision strategy that optimized a relevant scalar figure of merit. We are interested in quantifying performance on decision tasks involving location uncertainty using the LROC methodology. We derive decision strategies that maximize the area under the LROC curve, ALROC. We show that these decision strategies minimize Bayes risk under certain reasonable cost constraints. We model the detection-localization task as a decision problem in three increasingly realistic ways. In the first two models, we treat location as a discrete parameter having finitely many values resulting in an (L+1) class classification problem. In our first simple model, we do not include search tolerance effects and in the second, more general, model, we do. In the third and most general model, we treat location as a continuous parameter and also include search tolerance effects. In all cases, the essential proof that the observer maximizes ALROC is obtained with a modified version of the Neyman-Pearson lemma using Lagrange multiplier methods. A separate form of proof is used to show that in all three cases, the decision strategy minimizes the Bayes risk under certain reasonable cost constraints.
Prognosis and Predictors of ACL Reconstructions using the MOON Cohort: A Model for Comparative Effectiveness Studies

Injury to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) threatens an active lifestyle and exposes the patient to risk of early osteoarthritis (OA). ACL reconstruction is typically chosen by individuals to allow a return to their previous work and sports activities. Primary ACL reconstruction (ACLR) has in general been effective at restoring functional stability, but patients' modifiable predictors of both short- and long-term validated outcomes and OA are largely unknown. The Multicenter Orthopaedic Outcomes Network (MOON) consortium was established in 2002 to enroll and longitudinally follow a population cohort of ACL reconstructed patients. The objective was to establish patient-specific predictive models of clinically important outcomes. Over the past 10 years, the overarching aims of this NIAMS-funded prospective multicenter cohort of ACL reconstructions has been threefold: (1) to identify both short- and long-term prognosis and predictors of sports function, activity level, and general health through validated patient-reported outcomes, (2) to identify the symptoms and signs of OA, and (3) to quantify the incidence of ACL reconstruction graft and/or contralateral ACL failures and additional surgical procedures. This manuscript summarizes the Kappa Delta Ann Doner Vaughan Award paper and presentation at the 2012 ORS/AAOS Annual Meeting.
Dealing with Delay: A Critique of Christian Coping

Eschatology is nebulous, because theologians have not sufficiently grappled with the historical validation of eschatological claims. Eschatology remains dehistoricized and largely atemporal. This study will survey attempts in twentieth-century eschatological interpretation for dealing with the problem of “the delay of the parousia,” including the first Quest of the Historical Jesus (Schweitzer), existential theology (Bultmann, Barth), realized eschatology (Dodd), the theology of hope (Pannenberg, Moltmann), the third Quest (N. T. Wright), and evangelical theology. In each of these paradigms, the parousia is either unrealized in history despite the New Testament's temporal parameters or an existential event realized in the moment despite the New Testament's historical parameters. An alternative approach meeting both the historical and temporal parameters is proposed: the Roman destruction of Jerusalem in CE 70.
Information fusion and component development for space launch risk analysis

We discussed previously the need for a risk analysis tool which could account simultaneously for the variety of hazards produced by the explosion of a space launch vehicle. We particularly argued that by analyzing separately the risks posed by the pressure of the explosion blast, the dispersion of toxic gases and the fragments cloud, current practices fail to account for the interdependencies between those hazards, potentially miscalculating the overall risk on the public and the surrounding infrastructure. In this work we set two objectives to expand on our claim. The first is to propose a methodology based on Distribution Envelope Determination (DEnv) to address the above need. The second on the other hand focuses on describing the ongoing software development activities aimed at implementing this methodology as an ArcGIS platform component.
Moving forward with quality: pay for reporting meets rheumatology.

Before assessment can begin we must decide how quality is to be defined and that depends on whether one assesses only the performance of practitioners or also the contributions of patients and of the health care system; on how broadly health and responsibility for health are defined; on whether the maximally effective or optimally effective care is sought; and on whether individual or social preferences define the optimum.
Nonlinear systems arising from nonisothermal, non-Newtonian Hele-Shaw flows in the presence of body forces and sources

In this paper, we give a formal derivation of several systems of equations for injection moulding. This is done starting from the basic equations for nonisothermal, non-Newtonian flows in a three-dimensional domain. We derive systems for both (T^0, p^0) and (T^1, p^1) in the presence of body forces and sources. We find that body forces and sources have a nonlinear effect on the systems. We also derive a nonlinear ''Darcy law''. Our formulation includes not only the pressure gradient, but also body forces and sources, which play the role of a nonlinearity. Later, we prove the existence of weak solutions to certain boundary value problems and initial-boundary value problems associated with the resulting equations for (T^0,p^0) but in a more general mathematical setting.
Detailed study of the few nucleon systems with (e,e’p) reactions

In a new and detailed experimental program carried out at Jefferson Laboratory, the few nucleon systems has been studied via electrodisintegration of Deuterium and the Helium nuclei. Interesting new results probing the high momentum structure have been studied via the (e,e’p) reaction using the two high resolution spectrometers in Hall A and various kinematic regions have been investigated. Detailed and precise information on the effective bound state momentum distributions have been measured for the first time up to missing momenta of 1 Gev/c in 3He, exhibiting significant strength at these high momenta which standard nuclear calculations fail to explain and could be an indication of the onset of non-nucleonic degrees of freedom. The continuum region in 3He has also been invsetigated in great detail looking for nuclear correlations and quasi-deuteron strength. Response function separations have been carried out to extract details of the few body structure and relativistic dynamics. Measurements made so far on D and 4He have focussed on specific kinematic regions and there are plans to extend them over kinematic ranges similar to the 3He investigation. PACS: 21.45.+v – 25.30.Dh – 25.30.Fj – 27.10+h
Comparative morphology of the pyloric armature of adult mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae)

The structure of the pyloric armature, hypothesized to aid in blood-meal digestion or parasite resistance, was compared quantitatively among the following 8 species in 5 genera of adult mosquitoes from the southeastern United States: Aedes albopictus, Aedes japonicus, Aedes triseriatus, Anopheles punctipennis, Culex pipiens s.l., Culex restuans, Orthopodomyia signifera, and Toxorhynchites rutilus. Females differed significantly among species in the structure of spines composing the armature, with Aedes spp. forming one general group, Culex spp. another, and An. punctipennis and Or. signifera a third. Relationships of species based on structural characters of the armature were consistent with recent culicid phylogenies. Although pyloric armature has been noted in mosquitoes and other insects, this is the first quantitative investigation of the mosquito pyloric armature.
SINGLE LEFT CORONARY ARTERY WITH FISTULA TO RIGHT VENTRICLE: RECONSTRUCTION OF TWO-CORONARY SYSTEM WITH DACRON GRAFT.

The case of an 8-year-old girl with a single coronary artery is presented. This vessel arose as a left coronary artery and followed the distribution of one coronary artery. The long circumflex branch traveled in the atrioventricular groove and continued as a vessel occupying the position usually held by the right coronary artery. It ended as a fistula to the outflow tract of the right ventricle. A continuous murmur was present clinically. Cardiac catheterization and selective angiocardiography demonstrated the anatomy of the lesion and the presence of a left-to-right shunt. Operation consisted of ligation of the fistula and anastomosis of the right ventricular portion of the coronary artery to the aorta with a Dacron tube graft. This latter maneuver established a dual inflow into the coronary arterial system and should overcome the disadvantage of a single coronary artery in the event that arteriosclerotic occlusive lesions develop in later life. Furthermore, the procedure demonstrated the feasibility of grafting technics that may find application in the treatment of anomalous origin of a coronary artery from the pulmonary artery.
Microseismicity sensing of CO 2 -enhanced oil recovery and sequestration in an oil reservoir: Citronelle field, Alabama, USA

This paper reports a study that proposes the use of Geophysical testing techniques to monitor the effects of Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) injection into a test well in the Citronelle Oil Field in Mobile, Alabama, for both CO 2 sequestration and enhanced oil recovery. The Citronelle Oil Field is the largest conventional oil field in the State of Alabama and is currently in the tertiary oil production stage. This research is part of a proposed research to evaluate the Rodessa Formation (depth 3,505.2 meters) for its potential to recover additional oil through enhanced oil recovery using carbon dioxide (CO 2 EOR), as well as its CO 2 sequestration potential. The goal of the Geophysical testing is to determine if seismic measurements are capable of detecting changes in the geologic formation and the presence and migration of CO 2 during and after the injection. Comprehensive geophysical studies will be conducted based on surface seismicity testing using linear arrays of seismometers to detect and observe wave propagations and reflections through the soil medium. Since the Citronelle oil field is located in the vicinity of a concentrated population; innovative seismic measurement techniques that can reduce disturbance to the neighborhoods, including wireless transducers and ambient excitation, are to be explored.
Information system FOLKLORE: a new technique for system documentation

Abstract Effective system documentation is an essential part of a management information system. Yet it is common to witness users struggling with a system that has incomplete or missing documentation. This is a consequence of systems analysts feeling that there is no time to even start documenting; preferring to do more desirable or rewarding tasks; or simply being concerned that their documentation of an inherited system might be wrong. To overcome these barriers to good documentation, FOLKLORE was created and is now implemented at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. The framework for FOLKLORE, its costs and benefits, and examples from FOLKLORE documents are presented.
Coulomb energies in mass 18 and mass 42 nuclei

Abstract Coulomb energies and second energy differences in mass 18 and mass 42 nuclei are calculated for low-lying J = 0 + , 2 + , T = 1 states. The calculation was done using Kuo's “realistic” two-particle configurations and radial wave functions derived from a Woods-Saxon potential well. To a good approximation, the second energy difference is just the Coulomb interaction energy of the last two protons in 18 Ne and 42 Ti. Important effects come from inclusion of four-particle, two-hole states in the state wave functions for each triplet. Results of the calculations are found to be in close agreement with experiment.
Electronic properties of Pt in bimetallic systems: photoemission and molecular-orbital studies for PtAl surface alloys

Abstract The adsorption of Pt on polycrystalline Al leads to the formation of surface alloys. The electronic properties of these systems have been examined using XPS and ab initio SCF calculations. The PtAl surface alloys display a Pt(5d) band that appears at much higher binding energy (≈ 1.8 eV) than in metallic Pt. This is accompanied by positive shifts in the Pt 4f (≈ 1.2 eV) and Al 2s (≈ 0.2 eV) levels. The PtAl bond is complex, involving an Al(3s, 3p) → Pt(6s, 6p) charge transfer and a Pt(5d) → Pt(6s, 6p) rehybridization that localize electrons in the region between the two metal centers.
A tripeptide protease inhibitor attenuates conditioned avoidance behavior

Abstract In a single 10-s training trial, hatchling chicks were conditioned to suppress their spontaneous peck response to a small spherical target by coating it with an aversive liquid. A 24-h test trial employing a dry target demonstrated a robust memory for the training manifested in passive avoidance behavior. Leupeptin, a low-molecular-weight antiprotease, injected i.c.v. 1 h or 15 min prior to training attenuated the long-term avoidance response but not the initial training-induced peck suppression. Leupeptin had no effect on memory if given posttraining. A dose response experiment revealed that a 100- or 200-μg dose of leupeptin reliably impaired conditioned avoidance, whereas a 25 or 50-μg dose was ineffective. A dipeptide leupeptin analog ( l -leucyl- l -arginine) possessed one-half the potency of the tripeptide in the memory task, and a different protease inhibitor (aprotinin) failed to effect the conditioned avoidance behavior. The mechanisms by which leupeptin may exert its influence in this behavioral paradigm and others are discussed.
Calculating thermodynamic data for transitions of any molecularity from equilibrium melting curves

In this paper, we derive the general forms of the equations required to extract thermodynamic data from equilibrium transition curves on oligomeric and polymeric nucleic acids of any molecularity. Significantly, since the equations and protocols are general, they also can be used to characterize thermodynamically equilibrium processes in systems other than nucleic acids. We briefly review how the reduced forms of the general equations have been used by many investigators to evaluate mono- and bimolecular transitions, and then explain how these equations can be generalized to calculate thermodynamic parameters from common experimental observables for transitions of higher molecularities. We emphasize the strengths and weaknesses of each method of data analysis so that investigators can select the approach most appropriate for their experimental circumstances. We also describe how to analyze calorimetric heat capacity curves and noncalorimetric differentiated melting curves so as to extract both model-independent and model-dependent thermodynamic data for transitions of any molecularity. The general equations and methods of analysis described in this paper should be of particular interest to laboratories that currently are investigating association and dissociation processes in nucleic acids that exhibit molecularities greater than two.
Logarithmic SUMT limits in convex programming

The limits of a class of primal and dual solution trajectories associated with the Sequential Unconstrained Minimization Technique (SUMT) are investigated for convex programming problems with non-unique optima. Logarithmic barrier terms are assumed. For linear programming problems, such limits – of both primal and dual trajectories – are strongly optimal, strictly complementary, and can be characterized as analytic centers of, loosely speaking, optimality regions. Examples are given, which show that those results do not hold in general for convex programming problems. If the latter are weakly analytic (Bank et al. [3]), primal trajectory limits can be characterized in analogy to the linear programming case and without assuming differentiability. That class of programming problems contains faithfully convex, linear, and convex quadratic programming problems as strict subsets. In the differential case, dual trajectory limits can be characterized similarly, albeit under different conditions, one of which suffices for strict complementarity.
WordNet::SenseRelate::AllWords - A Broad Coverage Word Sense Tagger that Maximizes Semantic Relatedness

WordNet::SenseRelate::AllWords is a freely available open source Perl package that assigns a sense to every content word (known to WordNet) in a text. It finds the sense of each word that is most related to the senses of surrounding words, based on measures found in WordNet::Similarity. This method is shown to be competitive with results from recent evaluations including Senseval-2 and Senseval-3.
2-Chloro-N6-cyclopentyladenosine, adenosine A1 receptor agonist, antagonizes the adenosine A3 receptor

Abstract The potent adenosine A 1 receptor agonists, N 6 -cyclopentyladenosine (CPA) and 2-chloro- N 6 -cyclopentyladenosine (CCPA), were studied in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells expressing the human adenosine A 3 receptor. CPA, but not CCPA, induced phosphoinositide turnover. CPA inhibited forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP production (EC 50 value of 242±47 nM). CCPA competitively antagonized the effects of agonist Cl-IB-MECA (2-chloro- N 6 -(3-iodobenzyl)-5′- N -methylcarbamoyladenosine) with K B value of 5.0 nM. CPA competition curves versus the A 3 antagonist radioligand [ 3 H]PSB-11 (8-ethyl-4-methyl-2-phenyl-(8 R )-4,5,7,8-tetrahydro-1 H -imidazo[2.1- i ]purin-5-one) were right-shifted four-fold by 100 μM GTP, which had no effect on binding of CCPA or the antagonist MRS 1220 ( N -[9-chloro-2-(2-furanyl)[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5- c ]quinazolin-5-yl]benzene-acetamide). Thus, CCPA is a moderately potent antagonist ( K i =38 nM) of the human A 3 adenosine receptor.
Using Observing System Data in STEM Education

The STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) community is implementing several new observation systems that rely on sensor technology. With this revolution, the need to educate more science and engineering technicians to work (design, assemble, deploy, troubleshoot and communicate) with sensor networks and meet workforce demands will rise quickly in the near future. The incorporation of technology-enabled systems, tools and services into curricula is critical to addressing these training needs and improving STEM skills. This paper discusses a list of key factors that must be considered by scientists, in order to make their data suitable for public and educational consumption, and also by educators when considering the needs of teachers and classrooms in making use of this information.
Equation of state for the NaClH2OCO2 system: prediction of phase equilibria and volumetric properties

An equation of state (EOS) has been developed for the NaClH2OCO2 system which consistently predicts various properties including PVTX, immiscibility or phase equilibria, solubilities, and activities with an accuracy close to that of experimental data from 300 to about 1000°C and 0–6000 bar with NaCl concentrations to about 30 wt% of NaCl (relative to NaCl + H2O) or to about 50 wt% with less accuracy. The EOS predicts that excess volumes can be over 30% of the total volume under some T-P conditions. Adding NaCl to the H2OCO2 system dramatically increases the T-P range of immiscibility. The immiscibility field is minimal around 400–500°C. Above or below this temperature, it expands for a constant pressure. A moderately saline brine can evolve into a very saline brine by phase separation at high temperatures. The presence of NaCl can substantially decrease the activity of H2O and increase that of CO2, thus affecting decarbonation and dehydration reactions. Compared to the EOS of Bowers and Helgeson (1983a), the EOS of this study is more reliable in the calculation of volumetric properties particularly in the low pressure range. In addition, BH EOS cannot predict phase equilibria.
Modeling Parking Behavior Under Uncertainty: A Static Game Theoretic versus a Sequential Neo-additive Capacity Modeling Approach

This paper proposes two types of parking choice models, a static game theoretic model and a dynamic neo-additive capacity model, to capture the competition among drivers for limited desirable parking spaces. The static game assumes that drives make decisions simultaneously and with perfect knowledge about the characteristics of the parking system and the strategies of their fellow drivers in the system; the model thus captures only the rational aspect of parking choice behavior and pays no attention to modeling individual drivers’ psychological characteristics. The dynamic model, on the other hand, considers individual drivers’ psychological characteristics under uncertainty (i.e. optimistic and pessimistic attitudes) and thus captures the impacts of the irrational side of parking behavior in addition to the rational aspect. Following the formulation of the two models, they are both used to predict parking behavior as observed on a set of parking lots on the University at Buffalo north campus. Specifically for the dynamic model, the model is first calibrated based on real data collected from video recorded observations for a pair of parking lots, and then used to predict behavior on another pair. Validation results show higher predictive accuracy for the dynamic neo-additive capacity model compared to the static game theoretic model. This in turn suggests that the psychological characteristics of drivers play an important role in the parking lot choice decision process, and points to the potential for parking information systems to eliminate the unnecessary additional traffic generated by the parking search process.