cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Importance of replication in analyzing time-series gene expression data: Corticosteroid dynamics and circadian patterns in rat liver

Background Microarray technology is a powerful and widely accepted experimental technique in molecular biology that allows studying genome wide transcriptional responses. However, experimental data usually contain potential sources of uncertainty and thus many experiments are now designed with repeated measurements to better assess such inherent variability. Many computational methods have been proposed to account for the variability in replicates. As yet, there is no model to output expression profiles accounting for replicate information so that a variety of computational models that take the expression profiles as the input data can explore this information without any modification.
THE OSTEOLOGY OF MASIAKASAURUS KNOPFLERI, A SMALL ABELISAUROID (DINOSAURIA: THEROPODA) FROM THE LATE CRETACEOUS OF MADAGASCAR

ABSTRACT We describe the osteology of the new small theropod dinosaur Masiakasaurus knopfleri, from the Late Cretaceous Maevarano Formation of northwestern Madagascar. Approximately 40% of the skeleton is known, including parts of the jaws, axial column, forelimb, pelvic girdle, and hind limb. The jaws of Masiakasaurus are remarkably derived, bearing a heterodont, procumbent dentition that is unknown elsewhere among dinosaurs. The vertebrae are similar to those of abelisauroids in the reduction of the neural spine, lack of pleurocoelous fossae on the centrum, and extensively pneumatized neural arch. The limb skeleton is relatively gracile and bears numerous abelisauroid synapomorphies, including a rounded humeral head, peg-and-socket iliac-pubic articulation, prominent femoral medial epicondyle, expanded tibial cnemial crest, and double-grooved pedal unguals. The femora and tibiae show evidence of dimorphism. More specific features shared between Masiakasaurus, the Argentine Noasaurus, and the Indian Laev...
Policy and Methods: Choices for Legislatures

The legal methods through which one adopts and implements policy decisions profoundly affect the compatibility of policy implementation with democratic legitimacy and legal certainty of the rule of law. Indeed, the choice of legal methods can be as important as the formulation of the policy itself. While a good choice of methods will not heal a bad policy, it can help assure that a less-than-perfect choice of policy can be more forcefully realized than otherwise, it can also help improve the policy choices made and help protect democratic legitimacy and the rule of law. While deficiencies in legislation or in the political system may require resort sometimes to policy decisions in the course of law application, legislatures should minimize mixing policy decisions with law application. One of the simplest ways of promoting policy while safeguarding the rule of law is to restrict the effect of policy decisions to the future. In any case, policy decisions can ordinarily be expected to be better made when they are recognized as such, are made by institutions created to make policy decisions, and are reached by decision makers who can appeal to political responsibility as a basis for their decisions.
People’s Biased Decisions to Trust and Cooperate with Agents that Express Emotions

Research in the behavioral sciences shows that emotion expressions impact people’s decisions to trust and cooperate with others in situations where self and collective interests collide. Building on such findings, computer scientists have shown that emotion expressions in agents can also impact people’s decision making. However, recent findings in neuroeconomics reveal that people systematically show different behavior and brain activation patterns in decision making tasks with computers, when compared to humans. These findings suggest a bias people might have with respect to autonomous agents and, in particular, agents that express emotions. To clarify this, the paper presents a novel experiment where participants engaged in the iterated prisoner’s dilemma, for clear financial stakes, with counterparts, either agents or humans, that showed facial displays of emotion that were compatible with a cooperative (e.g., smile after mutual cooperation) or competitive (e.g., smile after exploiting the participant) goal orientation. The results showed that participants cooperated, as expected, more with cooperative than competitive counterparts but, also revealed that people trusted and cooperated more with a human that showed cooperative displays than an agent that showed the exact same displays. We discuss implications of such a bias for trust and cooperation in human-agent interaction.
Forest gardens in the Gunung Palung region of West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Defining a locally-developed, market-oriented agroforestry system

A critical need exists throughout the humid tropics for interdisciplinary research that collects, evaluates, and makes available to decision makers the information contained in locally developed land-use systems. One such system is the forest garden developed by residents of several villages in the Gunung Palung region of West Kalimantan, Indonesia. The forest gardens are part of a broader land-use spectrum that contains farms, home gardens, forest gardens, and forest extraction areas in a gradient leading away from the villages to the protected forests in the park. Over the past several years, while conducting a multidisciplinary study of this system, I have come to the conclusion that the forest gardens are a variant of the traditional home garden that have been developed by the local communities in response to the development of new economic markets. In this paper, I provide a baseline description of the study region, methods used, and the different types of forest gardens in the study site. I then conclude with discussions of related land-use systems throughout the world, how forest gardens differ from home gardens, how forest gardens might be formally defined, and future work that will be necessary for a better understanding of these forest garden systems.
Wholesale Market Patterns

A THOUGH all manufacturers and distributors have a direct interest in wholesale markets, published studies in this field have been comparatively few. Among the few, are the United States Department of Commerce and the National Wholesale Druggists' Association wholesale trading area atlases which show the major wholesale centers and their respective trading areas.' A limited number of studies have dealt with specific wholesale markets.2 A case study of the operations of a Kansas City dry goods wholesaler, made by the U. S. Department of Commerce, includes an interesting territorial analysis of the firm's sales by commodity departments.3 Generally speaking, the published
A FACTOR IN SERUM WHICH ACCELERATES THE CONVERSION OF PROTHROMBIN TO THROMBIN

The sera from thrombocytopenic blood show abnormally large residual prothrombin activity and small amounts of prothrombin conversion accelerator. The addition of normal platelets or thromboplastin corrects these abnormalities. In one subject the clotting defect persisted despite temporary remission of the thrombocytopenia consequent to splenectomy.
Autofrettage Damage Residual Stress of Thick-walled Cylinder

Based on autofrettage manufacture process of ultra-high pressure vessels. expounding the damage mechanism and types of autofrettage vessels. In summary former different autofrettage models foundation,combining the autofrettage vessel's characteristic,the autofrettage damage mechanics model is set up from ultra-high pressure vessel autofrettage damage mechanism. The expression of autofrettage damage press,critical damage press,critical damage radius,outer-wall annular strain and autofrettage residual stress are obtained based on autofrettage damage mechanic model. Autofrettage damage mechanic model is checked from autofrettage test date of 25Cr2MoV. The result indicates that the model is more close to surveying data and has well computational precisions than ideal elastic-plastic model and two way linear hardness. Comparing bilinear model,the autofrettage damage mechanic model has more simple expression,and it can be understood much easily.
An Interview with Joyce Edward: Exemplary Clinician, Advocate, and Scholar

Over the years, noteworthy social workers have been interviewed for the Clinical Social Work Journal. This article features an interview with Joyce Edward who is recognized for her many extraordinary contributions to clinical social work. Joyce has co-written or co-edited three exceptional books for the social work clinician, she has been an esteemed teacher and a vocal activist for quality mental health care. In this interview Joyce reflects on family influences, her work as a social caseworker, the psychoanalytic luminaries with whom she trained, her concerns about the clinical education of today's social work students, and finally, her perspective on managed mental health care.
An Aboriginal College for a return to Country: Designing a school that prepares children to live in two worlds and the space between

At a Community Planning Workshop at Banka Banka 14-18 th July 2012 some seventy Kunapa families decided that it was unrealistic to plan to move back on to country unless education could be guaranteed that would ensure the continuance of their language and culture and be deliverable in a Warumungu context. They articulated a vision of a school that makes a successful return to county possible by delivering the education required by the Australian Curriculum in a Kunapa context and in a way which produces individuals who can be successful in two worlds and in the space between them. The vision is of a network centric, full service residentially based school that makes it possible for Kunapa children to receive a mainstream Australian Curriculum based education on their own lands that prepares them to be successful in the world of their own Culture, Language and Economy and in the world of the wider Culture, Language and Economy of Australia. This paper chronicles the endeavours of a consultant to create the plans that will allow the families to seek registration for a school that will realise their vision.
Class Structure and Class Mobility

The major focus in this chapter is on class, defined in terms of the social relations of production and marketable skills. The Japanese Marxist economists have long been concerned with the analysis of the class structure of modern Japanese society (e.g., Ohashi, 1971) and the development of Japanese capitalism (e.g., Noro, 1930; Yamada, 1934; Hirano, 1967). Several important studies attempted to estimate the class composition of modern and contemporary Japanese society using the Census and survey data (Hara, 1979; Ohashi, 1971; Shoji, 1977, 1982; Steven, 1983). However, none of these studies on class composition discussed the pattern of class mobility; the nature of the data did not allow investigation of the movement of people within the class structure. Furthermore, the study of mobility was often considered ‘bourgeois science’, since mobility is generally viewed by Marxists as a factor which weakens class consciousness and collective action among the working class.
Skin-mountable stretch sensor for wearable health monitoring

This work presents a wrinkled Platinum (wPt) strain sensor with tunable strain sensitivity for applications in wearable health monitoring. These stretchable sensors show a dynamic range of up to 185% strain and gauge factor (GF) of 42. This is believed to be the highest reported GF of any metal thin film strain sensor over a physiologically relevant dynamic range to date. Importantly, sensitivity and dynamic range are tunable to the application by adjusting wPt film thickness. Performance is reliable over 1000 cycles with low hysteresis after sensor conditioning. The possibility of using such a sensor for real-time respiratory monitoring by measuring chest wall displacement and correlating with lung volume is demonstrated.
Improvisational Computational Storytelling in Open Worlds

Improvisational storytelling involves one or more people interacting in real-time to create a story without advanced notice of topic or theme. Human improvisation occurs in an open-world that can be in any state and characters can perform any behaviors expressible through natural language. We propose the grand challenge of computational improvisational storytelling in open-world domains. The goal is to develop an intelligent agent that can sensibly co-create a story with one or more humans through natural language. We lay out some of the research challenges and propose two agent architectures that can provide the basis for exploring the research issues surrounding open-world human-agent interactions.
Effect of Time Horizon Perspective on Apparel Liking

Recent studies revealed the importance of time horizon perspectives in understanding happiness derived from consumption (i.e., post-purchase consumption evaluation) (Bhattacharjee & Mogilner, 2014; Carter & Gilovich, 2012). Most studies advocate the increased importance of experience consumption (e.g., travel) over material consumption (e.g., apparel) to consumers with limited time horizon. Although these studies have deepened our understanding of consumers’ motivation, prior research does not provide informative implication to apparel retailers. The current study aims to fill this gap and investigate the role of time horizon in consumers’ apparel pre-purchase evaluation.
One species or four? Yes!...and, no. Or, arbitrary assignment of lineages to species obscures the diversification processes of Neotropical fishes.

Species are fundamental units in many biological disciplines, but there is continuing disagreement as to what species are, how to define them, and even whether the concept is useful. While some of this debate can be attributed to inadequate data and insufficient statistical frameworks in alpha taxonomy, an equal part results from the ambiguity over what species are expected to represent by the many who use them. Here, mtDNA data, microsatellite data, and sequence data from 17 nuclear loci are used in an integrated and quantitative manner to resolve the presence of evolutionary lineages, their contemporary and historical structure, and their correspondence to species, in a species complex of Amazonian peacock “bass” cichlids (Cichla pinima sensu lato). Results suggest that the historical narrative for these populations is more complex than can be portrayed by recognizing them as one, two, or four species: their history and contemporary dynamics cannot be unambiguously rendered as discrete units (taxa) at any level without both choosing the supremacy of one delimitation criterion and obscuring the very information that provides insight into the diversification process. This calls into question the utility of species as a rank, term, or concept, and suggests that while biologists may have a reasonable grasp of the structure of evolution, our methods of conveying these insights need updating. The lack of correspondence between evolutionary phenomena and discrete species should serve as a null hypothesis, and researchers should focus on quantifying the diversity in nature at whatever hierarchical level it occurs.
Subtotal Colectomy for Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding

In general, bleeding from the lower gastrointestinal tract is self-limiting and can undergo semi-elective workup. Should profuse lower gastrointestinal bleeding continue without the ability to localize with either direct visualization or radiologic imaging, subtotal colectomy may be indicated. This chapter lists the indications, essential steps, common variations in technique, and complications of the procedure. A detailed template operative dictation note is included.
Association of Colonoscopy With Risk of Appendicitis.

This study examines the incidence of a patient developing appendicitis within 1 week after undergoing a colonoscopy vs during the following 51 weeks.
Polymer-Supported Reagents for Anionic Recognition

The design and development of methods for the removal of toxic ions from water in the environment, industrial process streams, and waste storage facilities continues to be a high-priority problem. Such methods must be cost-effective and environmentally compatible. Polymer-supported reagents prepared by the immobilization of ion-selective ligands onto crosslinked polymer beads offer an important avenue for achieving these objectives.1 Additionally, such polymers have a broader applicability into sensor technology and chromatographic separations.
A three-year prospective comparative gait study between patients with ankle arthrodesis and arthroplasty.

Abstract Background End-stage ankle arthritis is a debilitating condition that often requires surgical intervention after failed conservative treatments. Ankle arthrodesis is a common surgical option, especially for younger and highly active patients; however, ankle arthroplasty has become increasingly popular as advancements in implant design improve device longevity. The longitudinal differences in biomechanical outcomes between these surgical treatments remain indistinct, likely due to the challenges associated with objective study of a heterogeneous population. Methods Patients scheduled for arthroplasty (n = 27) and arthrodesis (n = 20) were recruited to participate in this three-year prospective study. Postoperative functional outcomes were compared at distinct annual time increments using measures of gait analysis, average daily step count and survey score. Findings Both surgical groups presented reduced pain, improved survey scores, and increased walking speed at the first-year postoperative session, which were generally consistent across the three-year follow-up. Arthrodesis patients walked with decreased sagittal ankle RoM, increased sagittal hip RoM, increased step length, and increased transient force at heel strike, postoperatively. Arthroplasty patients increased ankle RoM and cadence, with no changes in hip RoM, step length or heel strike transient force. Interpretation Most postoperative changes were detected at the first-year follow-up session and maintained across the three-year time period. Despite generally favorable outcomes associated with both surgeries, several underlying postoperative biomechanical differences were detected, which may have long-term functional consequences. Furthermore, neither technique was able to completely restore gait biomechanics to the levels of the contralateral unaffected limb, leaving potential for the development of improved surgical and rehabilitative treatments.
Facilitating Choices of Machining Tools and Materials for ‘Miniaturization Science’: A Review

After an introduction to terminology and classification methods in micromachining the different manufacturing techniques suitable to making very small devices are considered. They are grouped according to the energy source involved in removal or addition of materials at the workpiece. Subsequently a method is proposed on how to go about deciding upon the ideal tool and substrate material for the micromachining job at hand. In this review traditional precision engineering and more modern micromachining techniques, based on lithography methods, are presented as complementary. Making a manufacturing decision is presented not so much as a question of which manufacturing technique is technologically superior (invariably, since the sixties, Silicon has been the answer, often independent of the question) but which one is appropriate to use for the micromachining problem and the intended market. A development strategy for micromachines starting from the package and the interface with the real world as well as good understanding of the specifications is outlined as a guide to future micromachine design.
Continuum Mechanics: Three Spatial Dimensions

The water in the ocean, the air in the room, and a rubber ball have a common characteristic, they appear to completely occupy their respective domains. What this means is that the material occupies every point in the domain.
GAME THEORETIC APPROACH TO EQUITABLE REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT

There has been sustained interest over the past decade in determining optimal regional environmental quality management strategies. Numerous investigators have demonstrated that coordinated wastewater treatment strategies are more efficient, in an economic sense, than decentralized individual treatment plants, e.g., Heaney et. al.[8]. Similar results have been obtained for air pollution, e.g., Teller [17] and Seinfield and Kyan [15]. However, there has been little success in implementing such proposals due partially to the nonexistence of a real-world regional authority with necessary power to shift decisions in this direction. Lacking such a regional authority, Hass [9] investigated the possibility of setting up a system wherein price guides could be used to direct the activities of the individual waste dischargers toward the regional optimum. He structured the problem using the decomposition principle (Dantzig and Wolfe, [6]). Briefly, the decomposition principle partitions the total regional problem into a series of subproblems--one for each waste discharger, and a regional master problem.
Improving ICT Use within the Underserved Community: Empowering the Non-Native English Speaker

Access to electronic information resources remains a problem for underserved communities, especially non-native English speakers. Diffusion of technology and alternate low-cost methods to capitalize on technology’s potential are needed to reach populations with limited resources. This research places emphasis on a training approach to maximize message content and information exchange targeting subpopulations in underserved communities. The proposed approach leverages findings from a Spring 2007 study, which utilized a web-based training application to obtain pre-training and post-training measures from community responders including participants from the proposed subpopulation.
Replacement therapy in hereditary angioedema. Successful treatment of two patients with fresh frozen plasma.

Abstract The abnormality unique to hereditary angioedema (H.A.E.) which seems to be responsible for the episodes of œdema is the deficiency of a normally occurring serum-inhibitor of the esterase activity associated with the first component of complement. Since this deficiency has been suspected to be responsible for events which produce symptoms, it seemed reasonable to treat the symptoms by providing the patient with the deficient protein. Two patients with H.A.E., one with laryngeal œdema and one with persistent abdominal pain, were treated with fresh frozen plasma. Both improved subjectively during the infusion, and later had rapid, complete remission of symptoms. Objective evidence that this infusion provided the patients with effective inhibitor was shown by a measurable increase in inhibitor function, a significant decrease of free esterase activity in the serum, and a possible decrease of the in-vivo inactivation of C'4 after the infusion. It is suggested that the precedent set in the treatment of haemophilia should encourage the use of fresh-plasma therapy for potentially life-threatening or painful episodes in H.A.E. until an effective purified form of the C'1-esterase-inhibitor becomes available.
PREPARATION AND IN VITRO CHARACTERISATION OF PULSATILE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM OF THEOPHYLLINE

In the present research work pulsatile drug delivery system of Theophylline tablets were formulated by employing compression coating technology. Initially the core tablets were prepared by using various concentrations of super disintegrates , the formulated core tablets were coated with the polymers by using compression coating technology. All the core and press coated tablet formulations were subjected to various physical and chemical evaluation tests for core and press coated tablets. The thickness, hardness and weight variation shown by all the tablet formulations were found within the official pharmacopoeial limits. In vitro release of Theophylline of core tablet formulations F1-F3, F3 showed faster drug release after 15 mins. Faster drug release can be correlated with the high disintegration and friability observed in this study. The formulations C1, C2, and C3 showed maximum drug release at 4 th hour. Time dependent pulsatile drug delivery system has been achieved from tablet of formulation C6 and C8 with 102.79% and 100.21% drug release which meets demand of chronotherapeautic drug delivery. The formulations containing HPMC K15M and Ethylecellulose in 300 mg and 200 mg respectively were found to be optimum as enteric coating polymers.
Using porous iron composite (PIC) material to immobilize rhenium as an analogue for technetium.

Abstract Technetium (99Tc), a uranium-235 (235U) and plutonium-239 (239Pu) fission product, is a primary risk driver in low level radioactive liquid waste at U.S. Department of Energy sites. Previous studies have shown success in using Zero Valent Iron (ZVI) to chemically reduce and immobilize redox sensitive groundwater contaminants. Batch and column experiments were performed to assess the ability of a novel porous iron composite material (PIC) to immobilize Tc(VII) in comparison with two commercial Fe oxide sorbents and reagent grade ZVI in the presence and absence of NO3−, a competing oxidized species that is often found in high concentrations in liquid nuclear waste. Perrhenate (ReO4−) was used as a non-radioactive chemical analogue for pertechnetate (TcO4−) under both oxic and anoxic test conditions. The PIC powder was the most effective at immobilizing Re(VII) under all batch test conditions. The presence of nitrate (NO3−) slowed the removal of ReO4− from solution, presumably through chemical reduction and precipitation. Even so, the PIC and ZVI were effective at removing both Re(VII) and NO3− completely from solution. Nitrate was reduced to NH3 with very little nitrite (NO2−) buildup during equilibration. Significant Re immobilization was observed in the column tests containing PIC sorbent, even though inlet solutions were in equilibrium with O2. The presence of NO3− hastened Re breakthrough, while NO3− reduction to NH3 was observed. The results suggest that PIC and ZVI would be the most effective at the removal of TcO4− from contaminated groundwater sites.
Relationships between expression of BCS1L, mitochondrial bioenergetics, and fatigue among patients with prostate cancer

Introduction: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is the most debilitating symptom with the greatest adverse side effect on quality of life. The etiology of this symptom is still not understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between mitochondrial gene expression, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, electron transport chain complex activity, and fatigue in prostate cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy (XRT), compared to patients on active surveillance (AS). Methods: The study used a matched case-control and repeated-measures research design. Fatigue was measured using the revised Piper Fatigue Scale from 52 patients with prostate cancer. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, electron-transport chain enzymatic activity, and BCS1L gene expression were determined using patients' peripheral mononuclear cells. Data were collected at three time points and analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The fatigue score was significantly different over time between patients undergoing XRT and AS (P<0.05). Patients undergoing XRT experienced significantly increased fatigue at day 21 and day 42 of XRT (P<0.01). Downregulated mitochondrial gene (BC1, ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase, synthesis-like, BCS1L, P<0.05) expression, decreased OXPHOS-complex III oxidation (P<0.05), and reduced activity of complex III were observed over time in patients with XRT. Moreover, increased fatigue was significantly associated with downregulated BCS1L and decreased complex III oxidation in patients undergoing XRT. Conclusion: Our results suggest that BCS1L and complex III in mitochondrial mononuclear cells are potential biomarkers and feasible therapeutic targets for acute XRT-induced fatigue in this clinical population.
An Outcome Assessment of a Single Institution’s Longitudinal Experience with Uveal Melanoma Patients with Liver Metastasis

There is no FDA-approved treatment for metastatic uveal melanoma (UM) and overall outcomes are generally poor for those who develop liver metastasis. We performed a retrospective single-institution chart review on consecutive series of UM patients with liver metastasis who were treated at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital between 1971–1993 (Cohort 1, n = 80), 1998–2007 (Cohort 2, n = 198), and 2008–2017 (Cohort 3, n = 452). In total, 70% of patients in Cohort 1 received only systemic therapies as their treatment modality for liver metastasis, while 98% of patients in Cohort 2 and Cohort 3 received liver-directed treatment either alone or with systemic therapy. Median Mets-to-Death OS was shortest in Cohort 1 (5.3 months, 95% CI: 4.2–7.0), longer in Cohort 2 (13.6 months, 95% CI: 12.2–16.6) and longest in Cohort 3 (17.8 months, 95% CI: 16.6–19.4). Median Eye Tx-to-Death OS was shortest in Cohort 1 (40.8 months, 95% CI: 37.1–56.9), and similar in Cohort 2 (62.6 months, 95% CI: 54.6–71.5) and Cohort 3 (59.4 months, 95% CI: 56.2–64.7). It is speculated that this could be due to the shift of treatment modalities from DTIC-based chemotherapy to liver-directed therapies. Combination of liver-directed and newly developed systemic treatments may further improve the survival of these patients.
Understanding the Relationship between Catalytic Activity and Termination in photoATRP: Synthesis of Linear and Bottlebrush Polyacrylates

Linear and bottlebrush polyacrylates were prepared by photomediated atom transfer radical polymerization (photoATRP) catalyzed by either CuBr2/TPMA (tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine) or the more active C...
The Ball-Based Origami Theorem and a Glimpse of Holography for Traversing Flows

This paper describes a mechanism by which a traversally generic flow v on a smooth connected $$(n+1)$$-dimensional manifold X with boundary produces a compact n-dimensional CW-complex $${\mathcal {T}}(v)$$, which is homotopy equivalent to X and such that X embeds in $${\mathcal {T}}(v)\times \mathbb R$$. The CW-complex $$\mathcal T(v)$$ captures some residual information about the smooth structure on X (such as the stable tangent bundle of X). Moreover, $${\mathcal {T}}(v)$$ is obtained from a simplicial origami map$$O: D^n \rightarrow {\mathcal {T}}(v)$$, whose source space is a ball $$D^n \subset \partial X$$. The fibers of O have the cardinality $$(n+1)$$ at most. The knowledge of the map O, together with the restriction to $$D^n$$ of a Lyapunov function $$f: X \rightarrow \mathbb R$$ for v, make it possible to reconstruct the topological type of the pair $$(X, {\mathcal {F}}(v))$$, were $${\mathcal {F}}(v)$$ is the 1-foliation, generated by v. This fact motivates the use of the word “holography” in the title. In a qualitative formulation of the holography principle, for a massive class of ODE’s on a given compact manifold X, the solutions of the appropriately staged boundary value problems are topologically rigid.
Increased Right Ventricular Assist Device (RVAD) Utilization in Patients with HeartMate 3 Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) in the Post-Approval Era

Purpose MOMENTUM 3 trial excluded patients with planned biventricular support prior to enrollment and 4.2% right ventricular failure requiring RVAD in Heartmate 3 (HM 3) patients. The aim of this study was to assess the use of RVAD in the real-world post-approval era. Methods HM3 implantation at a major academic center were categorized into two era: HM 3 implanted 1) before FDA approval (8/23/2017) [N=67] and 2) after FDA approval [N=107]. Baseline patient characteristics, RVAD utilization patterns, and LVAD complications and mortality were analyzed in the pre- vs. post-approval era. Results In the post-approval era, HM3 patients were younger (57.5±14.1 vs 61.7±11.2 yrs, p=0.031), more likely to have ischemic etiology of heart failure (55.6% vs 34.3%, p=0.006), to be INTERMACS Class I (21.3% vs. 1.5%, p=0.002), and to have VA-ECMO or paracorporeal VAD support (12.0% vs 0.0%, p=0.012) prior to HM3 implant. 8 (11.9%) patients out of 67 required RVAD in the pre-approval era as opposed to 47 patients out of 108 (43.5%) in the post-approval era (p Conclusion Level of sickness at the time of device implantation as well as need for RVAD utilization increased substantially in HM3 patients following the FDA approval. However, the change in practice did not adversely affect post-LVAD morbidity or mortality.
Differential Contribution of Pancreatic Fibroblast Subsets to the Pancreatic Cancer Stroma.

Background & Aims Although the healthy pancreas consists mostly of epithelial cells, pancreatic cancer and the precursor lesions known as pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia, are characterized by an extensive accumulation of fibroinflammatory stroma that includes a substantial and heterogeneous fibroblast population. The cellular origin of fibroblasts within the stroma has not been determined. Here, we show that the Gli1 and Hoxb6 markers label distinct fibroblast populations in the healthy mouse pancreas. We then set out to determine whether these distinct fibroblast populations expanded during carcinogenesis. Methods We developed genetically engineered models using a dual-recombinase approach that allowed us to induce pancreatic cancer formation through codon-optimized Flp recombinase-driven epithelial recombination of Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog while labeling Gli1+ or Hoxb6+ fibroblasts in an inducible manner. By using these models, we lineage-traced these 2 fibroblast populations during the process of carcinogenesis. Results Although in the healthy pancreas Gli1+ fibroblasts and Hoxb6+ fibroblasts are present in similar numbers, they contribute differently to the stroma in carcinogenesis. Namely, Gli1+ fibroblasts expand dramatically, whereas Hoxb6+ cells do not. Conclusions Fibroblasts present in the healthy pancreas expand during carcinogenesis, but with a different prevalence for different subtypes. Here, we compared Gli1+ and Hoxb6+ fibroblasts and found only Gli1+ expanded to contribute to the stroma during pancreatic carcinogenesis.
A Singular Method: A Healing of the Soul and an Emendation of the Intellect

This chapter presents Maimonides and Spinoza as developing epistemic methods that require non-cognitive processes and training to achieve wisdom and perfection, rather than ultimately seeking a universal rationalist method derived from cognition of universals and metaphysical realities. Central to this argument is that epistemic methods, which intend to achieve a solely disembodied universalist perspective on truth, are distortions and hindrances to knowing. Instead, both thinkers present epistemic-ethical methods intended to be adaptable to the specific learners’ lived context. Their epistemic-ethical methods seek primarily to address how a knower can overcome and rule improper and excessive desires, prejudices, bad definitions, and inferences which are predominantly due to improper ethical and intellectual training and social-political forces structuring desire and belief. To stress Maimonides’ and Spinoza’s similarity on this point, I examine how each approaches their epistemic method to knowing from the comparable perspective of healing or emendation.
Integrative Literature Review on Psychological Distress and Coping Strategies Among Survivors of Adolescent Cancer

PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION Cancer survivors, particularly those diagnosed in adolescence, are faced with physical, mental, and emotional stressors associated with the disease and its treatment. These stressors add to the demand placed on survivors' already taxed coping skills. This article reviews the literature on psychological distress experienced by survivors diagnosed with cancer during adolescence and the coping strategies they employed. LITERATURE SEARCH Three electronic databases (CINAHL®, PsycINFO®, PubMed®) were searched, and 19 studies were selected. Garrard's matrix method guided this integrative review. DATA EVALUATION Gough's weight of evidence framework was used to evaluate each study. SYNTHESIS Analysis revealed important findings about the types of coping strategies used by adolescents during and after cancer treatment and the impact of each on levels of psychological distress. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Healthcare providers, who regularly assess for negative thoughts and unmet needs among survivors, may identify symptoms of psychological distress, intervene early, and facilitate better outcomes for their patients. Patient-centered interventions aimed at coping with psychological distress are most helpful.
COVID-19 outcomes among solid organ transplant recipients: a case-control study

Background Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients are considered to be "vulnerable" to COVID-19 infection due to immunosuppression. To date, there are no studies that compared the disease severity of COVID-19 in SOT recipients with nontransplant patients. Methods In this case-control study, we compared the outcomes of COVID-19 between SOT recipients and their matched nontransplant controls. The cases were all adult SOT recipients (N = 41) from our academic health center who were diagnosed with COVID-19 between March 10, 2020 and May 15, 2020 using positive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for SARS-CoV2. The controls (N = 121) were matched on age (±5 y), race, and admission status (hospital or outpatient). The primary outcome was death and secondary outcomes were severe disease, intubation and renal replacement therapy (RRT). Results Median age of SOT recipients (9 heart, 3 lung, 16 kidney, 8 liver, and 5 dual organ) was 60 y, 80% were male and 67% were Black. Severe disease adjusted risk of death was similar in both the groups (hazard ratio = 0.84 [0.32-2.20]). Severity of COVID-19 and intubation were similar, but the RRT use was higher in SOT (odds ratio = 5.32 [1.26, 22.42]) compared to non-SOT COVID-19 patients. Among SOT recipients, COVID-19-related treatment with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was associated with 10-fold higher hazard of death compared to without HCQ (hazard ratio = 10.62 [1.24-91.09]). Conclusions Although African Americans constituted one-tenth of all SOT in our center, they represented two-thirds of COVID-19 cases. Despite high RRT use in SOT recipients, the severe disease and short-term death were similar in both groups. HCQ for the treatment of COVID-19 among SOT recipients was associated with high mortality and therefore, its role as a treatment modality requires further scrutiny.
Fusion Learning on Multiple-Tag RFID Measurements for Respiratory Rate Monitoring

Future advances in the medical Internet of Things (IoT) will require sensors that are unobtrusive and passively powered. With the use of wireless, wearable, and passive knitted smart garment sensors, we monitor infant respiratory activity. We improve the utility of multi-tag Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) measurements via fusion learning across various features from multiple tags to determine the magnitude and temporal information of the artifacts. In this paper, we develop an algorithm that classifies and separates respiratory activity via a Regime Hidden Markov Model compounded with higher-order features of Minkowski and Mahalanobis distances. Our algorithm improves respiratory rate detection by increasing the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) on average from 17.12 dB to 34.74 dB. The effectiveness of our algorithm in increasing SNR shows that higher-order features can improve signal strength detection in RFID systems. Our algorithm can be extended to include more feature sources and can be used in a variety of machine learning algorithms for respiratory data classification, and other applications. Further work on the algorithm will include accurate parameterization of the algorithm’s window size.
Intergenerational Allocation of Government Expenditure, Externalities and Optimal Taxation

In this paper we argue that government's allocation of resources among competing age groups has significant bearing on labor and capital supply and optimal tax policies. Empirics reveal that allocation of public expenditure is highly favorable to the old cohorts in developed countries. However, we don't know whether this allocation is socially optimal. In this study, we develop a suitable framework of two period lived OLG with endogenous labor supply in both periods to derive the socially optimal level of public expenditure on the young and the old for two cases: i) public spending is only utility enhancing and ii) public spending is both utility and labor productivity enhancing. This study underscores the importance of the allocation of public expenditure between different age groups and sheds light on the factors that determine socially optimal public allocation between the young and the old. We also examine how labor, capital and optimal tax rates change when spending on the young and the old deviates from the socially optimal level. The results on optimal taxes also highlight the implications of life cycle economy. Tax deductions, exemptions etc., that make labor income tax different across age cohorts, are optimal if consumption tax is not uniform across cohorts. These cohort specific consumption taxes also create distortion in the intertemporal margin, resulting in non-zero capital income tax in the long run.
Paraspinal plexiform schwannoma of unknown nerve origin: A case report.

Abstract Introduction and importance Schwannomas are benign, slow-growing nerve sheath tumors of neoplastic Schwann cells. They are the most common peripheral nerve tumors in adults and are typically discovered incidentally due to their asymptomatic presentation. Despite the fact that most schwannomas are unassociated with a syndrome, their etiology is thought to be related to alterations or loss of the neurofibromatosis type two tumor suppressor gene. Case presentation We present the case of a fifteen-year-old female who presented with a recurrent lower back/upper buttocks 9 cm mass with imaging suspicious for schwannoma. Needle biopsy revealed an S100 positive cellular schwannoma with patchy Ki-67. During surgical dissection down to the sacrum, no nerve of origin was identified. Clinical discussion Schwannomas have no pathognomonic findings on MRI and may occur at any location that Schwann cells are present; therefore, confirming a diagnosis relies on histopathology. Plexiform schwannomas are defined by a “network-like” intraneural growth pattern and are exceedingly rare in paediatric populations. A location distinct from the spinal canal is also very rare as schwannomas typically originate from the head and neck region. Conclusion Paediatric plexiform schwannomas have been rarely reported. Surgical planning relies on multiple factors such as tumor size, tumor location, pathologic features and symptomatic burden. The distinctive features of this case including an unknown nerve origin and a location outside the spinal canal provide a unique opportunity to discuss the diagnosis and management of paraspinal schwannomas and the impact on operative planning when a nerve of origin is not identified.
Between and Within Sexual Identity-Group Differences in Asthma Prevalence in the United States.

Background: Although prior studies have established the association of asthma with smoking and obesity, literature on difference-in-differences analyses involving sexual identity is sparse. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the between and within sexual identity-group differences in asthma prevalence among individuals who smoke and are obese. Methods: We aggregated the 2017–2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) data on adults (N= 128,319) to perform weighted multivariable logistic regression analysis and marginal estimates and marginsplot to determine asthma prevalence by sexual identity and the status of smoking and obesity. Results: About 66.38% of the study population reported having asthma. Among the individuals with asthma, 42.20% were obese, 10.15% were daily cigarette smokers, and 6.22% identified as bisexual persons. Lesbian/gay daily smokers (86%) or former smokers (75%) had a higher probability of having asthma than bisexual (daily smokers= 78% vs. former smokers= 72%) and heterosexual (daily smokers= 68% vs. former smokers= 65%) persons. Within each sexual identity subgroup, daily smokers (68-86%) had the highest probability of asthma. Obese bisexual (73%) or lesbian/gay (72%) persons had higher probabilities of having asthma than heterosexual persons (69%). Obese (73%) or overweight (72%) bisexual (compared to normal weight= 70% or underweight= 51%) and obese (69%) or overweight (65%) heterosexual (compared to normal weight= 62% or underweight= 57%) persons had the highest probabilities of having asthma within their groups, whereas overweight persons (overweight= 81% vs. underweight= 79%, normal weight= 78%, and obese= 72%) had the highest probabilities within lesbian/gay persons. Conclusion: Smoking and obesity show heightened odds for asthma, with significant odds for sexual minorities in asthma diagnosis relative to heterosexuals. These findings provide formative information for future longitudinal and experimental studies to explore these mechanisms of asthma risks among sexual and gender minorities.
SU‐E‐T‐151: Breathing Synchronized Delivery (BSD) Planning for RapicArc Treatment

Purpose: To propose a workflow for breathing synchronized delivery (BSD) planning for RapicArc treatment. Methods: The workflow includes three stages: screening/simulation, planning, and delivery. In the screening/simulation stage, a 4D CT with the corresponding breathing pattern is acquired for each of the selected patients, who are able to follow their own breathing pattern. In the planning stage, one breathing phase is chosen as the reference, and contours are delineated on the reference image. Deformation maps to other phases are performed along with contour propagation. Based on the control points of the initial 3D plan for the reference phase and the respiration trace, the correlation with respiration phases, the leaf sequence and gantry angles is determined. The beamlet matrices are calculated with the corresponding breathing phase and deformed to the reference phase. Using the 4D dose evaluation tool and the original 3D plan DVHs criteria, the leaf sequence is further optimized to meet the planning objectives and the machine constraints. In the delivery stage, the patients are instructed to follow the programmed breathing patterns of their own, and all other parts are the same as the conventional Rapid-Arc delivery. Results: Our plan analysis is based on comparison of the 3D plan with a static target (SD), 3D plan with motion delivery (MD), and the BSD plan. Cyclic motion of range 0 cm to 3 cm was simulated for phantoms and lung CT. The gain of the BSD plan over MD is significant and concordant for both simulation and lung 4DCT, indicating the benefits of 4D planning. Conclusion: Our study shows that the BSD plan can approach the SD plan quality. However, such BSD scheme relies on the patient being able to follow the same breathing curve that is used in the planning stage during radiation delivery. Funded by Varian Medical Systems.