cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Endocrine functions of bone in mineral metabolism regulation

Given the dramatic increase in skeletal size during growth, the need to preserve skeletal mass during adulthood, and the large capacity of bone to store calcium and phosphate, juxtaposed with the essential role of phosphate in energy metabolism and the adverse effects of hyperphosphatemia, it is not surprising that a complex systems biology has evolved that permits cross-talk between bone and other organs to adjust phosphate balance and bone mineralization in response to changing physiological requirements. This review examines the newly discovered signaling pathways involved in the endocrine functions of bone, such as those mediated by the phosphaturic and 1,25(OH)2D-regulating hormone FGF23, and the broader systemic effects associated with abnormalities of calcium and phosphate homeostasis.
Economics of site-specific weed management

Abstract Nascent research on the profitability of site-specific weed management has focused on reduced herbicide use, ignoring significant information costs for scouting, making treatment maps, and patch herbicide application. Including these information costs results in few, if any, studies, fully covering added costs with herbicide savings. Real-time, sensor-driven site-specific herbicide management promises to overcome many of the scouting and map-making costs so long as weed species recognition accuracy continues to improve and commercial capital costs to decline. Two means to increase revenues are possible from site-specific weed management: value-added crop products (e.g., herbicide-free, nontransgenic crops) and environmental stewardship payments from government programs. Site-specific ecological weed management offers a more fruitful means to garner both higher prices from “green” consumers and revenues for sound environmental stewardship. It entails using spatial tools to enhance habitat for weed...
Design and Analysis of Scanning Probe Microscopy Cantilevers With Microthermal Actuation

The scanning probe microscope has revolutionized our ability to image and characterize the physical and chemical properties of material with atomic resolution. It has evolved as a versatile instrument for nanofabrication including atomic deposition, nanolithography, nanomachining, atomic manipulation, and assembly. However, in order to enable practical nanofabrication with scanning probe tips, it is critical to address the issues of throughput, tip wear effects, chemical cross contamination, and scalability. In this paper, we address these issues by designing, optimizing, fabricating, and testing active electromechanical cantilever probes with an integrated microgripper for automated modular tip exchange. The cantilevers are designed and optimized to be compatible with existing atomic force microscope systems. Mechanical performance and optimization are carried out by the development of an analytical electrothermomechanical model and multiphysics finite-element analysis. The silicon cantilevers are formed by microfabrication processes and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, laser vibrometry, and in situ optical microscopy current–voltage studies. The cantilever grippers are shown to actuate with a maximum displacement of $3~\mu \text{m}$ for each arm at an applied voltage of 4 V 6- $\mu \text{m}$ total displacement for grasping modular tool-tips. Gripping is demonstrated by grasping and releasing of a cylindrical microtool (wire). [2014-0332]
Design of a new composite forming process using a formal design methodology

Composites are becoming more common in manufacturing today, but the high cost of materials and production are still deterrents for many applications. Currently one of the most cost effective processes is Resin Transfer Moulding (RTM). To improve the cost effectiveness of composite manufacturing using RTM, a new process, Flexible Resin Transfer Moulding (FRTM®), is being developed. FRTM® lowers lay–up and tooling costs by injecting resin into fabric placed between two flat flexible diaphragms. A formal design methodology has been used to develop a process to deform the injected fabric into its desired shape. This design methodology utilizes tools normally used to improve existing products and processes (evolutionary design) and applies them to development of a new generic technology (revolutionary design). A cost analysis using Taguchi methods applied to analytical cost models indicates that FRTM® would be cost effective in all markets examined. It has also identified the FRTM® injection cost as the dominant factor in determining its cost effectiveness. A prototype machine for deforming the fabric has been developed as part of the FRTM® process. The machine consists of a sequenced actuator array which forms impregnated fabric into a three dimensional shape. The effects of varying different process parameters were examined to determine their influence on the deformation process. Results indicate that lubrication of the mould did not have a significant effect and that matched moulds could not form complex parts as well as moulds where individual sections of the mould could be actuated independently. The development tools used in the formal design methodology included House of Quality, Pugh Concept Selection, and Taguchi analysis. The adaptation of these tools for use in the development of a revolutionary technology is discussed.
Hemimegalencephaly: A Foetal Tauopathy

Researchers at University of Calgary and Alberta Children's Hospital, Canada; and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia studied brain resections from 3 male infants with hemimegalencephaly (HME) and refractory epilepsy.
Effects of Phorbol Ester Tumor Promoters on Arachidonic Acid Metabolism in Chick Embryo Fibroblasts

The phorbol ester tumor promoter (12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (10-7-10-9 M) caused a rapid (1-3 hr after addition) release of arachidonic acid and prostaglandins E2 and F2α from chick embryo fibroblasts. This effect was inhibited by cycloheximide and puromycin. Prostaglandin release was more sensitive to inhibition than was arachidonic acid release. Indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, completely blocked TPA-induced prostaglandin synthesis and slightly enhanced arachidonic acid release. Despite the complete suppression of prostaglandin synthesis, indomethacin caused only a 20-30% inhibition of TPA induction of plasminogen activator. Phorbol 12,13-didecanoate, phorbol-l2,13-dibenzoate and mezerein were also potent inducers of arachidonic acid and prostaglandin release, while phorbol and 4α phorbol didecanoate were inactive. All trans retinoic acid (10-5-10-6 M) inhibited TPA-induced arachidonic acid and prostaglandin release; retinyl palmitate and β-carotene were less effective inhibitors. The effects of the phorbol compounds and retinoids on arachidonic acid release in this cell culture system correlate with their known effects on tumor promotion in mouse skin. Deacylation of membrane phospholipids may, therefore, be an important concomitant in the action of this class of tumor promoters.
Effects of Customer Fashion Lifestyle on Customer Loyalty

Based on different segmentation,the discussion about antecedents and differences of customer loyalty is a hot topic in marketing research area.Thus,this paper focused on how can fashion lifestyle segment consumers and affect customer loyalty.The reliability and validity of fashion lifestyle measurements were tested using questionnaire survey.The relationship between fashion lifestyle and customer loyalty was further verified.The results shown the existence of cross-nation segmentation method.Different type of customers based on fashion lifestyle segmentation shows different attitudes about product attributes and customer loyalty,and fashion lifestyle has direct influences on customer loyalty.
Disrupting Dimerization Translocates Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase to Peroxisomes.

The epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) neutralizing enzyme soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is a neuronal enzyme, which has been localized in both the cytosol and peroxisomes. The molecular basis for its dual localization remains unclear as sEH contains a functional peroxisomal targeting sequence (PTS). Recently, a missense polymorphism was identified in human sEH (R287Q) that enhances its peroxisomal localization. This same polymorphism has also been shown to generate weaker sEH homo-dimers. Taken together, these observations suggest that dimerization may mask the sEH PTS and prevent peroxisome translocation. In the current study, we test the hypothesis that dimerization is a key regulator of sEH subcellular localization. Specifically, we altered the dimerization state of sEH by introducing substitutions in amino acids responsible for the dimer-stabilizing salt-bridge. Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) fusions of each of mutants were co-transfected into mouse primary cultured cortical neurons together with a PTS-linked red fluorescent protein to constitutively label peroxisomes. Labeled neurons were analyzed using confocal microscopy and co-localization of sEH with peroxisomes was quantified using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. We find that dimer-competent sEH constructs preferentially localize to the cytosol, whereas constructs with weakened or disrupted dimerization were preferentially targeted to peroxisomes. We conclude that the sEH dimerization status is a key regulator of its peroxisomal localization.
Jejunostomy tube placement in refractory diabetic gastroparesis : A retrospective review

Objectives : Severe diabetic gastroparesis leading to recurrent episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis and frequent hospitalizations can be among the most disabling of all diabetic complications. Surgical placement of a jejunostomy tube (J-tube) beyond the affected stomach to deliver fluid, nutrients, and medication is one of the few therapeutic options remaining in the cohort of patients who have failed standard medical therapy. This study attempts to define the natural history of refractory diabetic gastroparesis and the risks and benefits of J-tube placement. Methods : A total of 26 patients with diabetic gastroparesis requiring J-tube placement were identified between 1980 and 1994. Medical chart review and telephone follow-up were performed using standardized questionnaires. Results : All patients had documented delayed gastric emptying, had failed medical therapy, and had been hospitalized on multiple occasions. Neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy were observed in 88%, 81%, and 65% of patients, respectively. The mean duration of study follow-up was 47 months (1-130 months). The mean age of subjects at the time of J-tube placement was 31 yr, and a preponderance of female patients (73%) was noted. There were 23 major complications in 14 patients requiring surgery or hospitalization and 47 minor complications in 21 patients managed on an outpatient basis. The mean duration of J-tube use was 20 months. There were 10 deaths during follow-up, one related to J-tube placement. Retrospectively, 39% reported improved symptoms of nausea/vomiting (4% worsened), 52% reported fewer hospitalizations (4%, more frequent), 56% reported improved nutritional status (4% worsened), and 83% reported improved overall health (4% worsened) after J-tube placement. The improvement in overall health status was the only symptom that reached statistical significance. Conclusion : Severe refractory gastroparesis is associated with multiple hospitalizations, a high incidence of concomitant diabetic complications, and a mortality rate of 38% at 4 yr. There is a high incidence of complications following J-tube placement in this population. Despite this, most patients retrospectively reported improved overall health after J-tube placement. Therefore, placement of a J-tube may be a workable option with acceptable perioperative morbidity and mortality rates in selected patients with severe diabetic gastroparesis who have failed medical therapy. A prospective study of J-tube placement and other available means of nutritional support is needed to demonstrate further the efficacy of this intervention in patients with severe diabetic gastroparesis.
Activation of the ATF6 branch of the unfolded protein response in neurons improves stroke outcome

Impaired function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER stress) is a hallmark of many human diseases including stroke. To restore ER function in stressed cells, the unfolded protein response (UPR) is in...
Attractiveness Compensates for Low Status Background in the Prediction of Educational Attainment.

Background People who are perceived as good looking or as having a pleasant personality enjoy many advantages, including higher educational attainment. This study examines (1) whether associations between physical/personality attractiveness and educational attainment vary by parental socioeconomic resources and (2) whether parental socioeconomic resources predict these forms of attractiveness. Based on the theory of resource substitution with structural amplification, we hypothesized that both types of attractiveness would have a stronger association with educational attainment for people from disadvantaged backgrounds (resource substitution), but also that people from disadvantaged backgrounds would be less likely to be perceived as attractive (amplification). Methods This study draws on data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health—including repeated interviewer ratings of respondents’ attractiveness—and trait-state structural equation models to examine the moderation (substitution) and mediation (amplification) of physical and personality attractiveness in the link between parental socioeconomic resources and educational attainment. Results Both perceived personality and physical attractiveness have stronger associations with educational attainment for people from families with lower levels of parental education (substitution). Further, parental education and income are associated with both dimensions of perceived attractiveness, and personality attractiveness is positively associated with educational attainment (amplification). Results do not differ by sex and race/ethnicity. Further, associations between perceived attractiveness and educational attainment remain after accounting for unmeasured family-level confounders using a sibling fixed-effects model. Conclusions Perceived attractiveness, particularly personality attractiveness, is a more important psychosocial resource for educational attainment for people from disadvantaged backgrounds than for people from advantaged backgrounds. People from disadvantaged backgrounds, however, are less likely to be perceived as attractive than people from advantaged backgrounds.
How Did I Get This Way: Effect of Past Experiences Upon Present Health Practices

A health improvement training program has been developed and field tested using Massey’s “What You Are Is Where You Where When” as the underlying model. The program teaches participants successful ways to understand how the past has influenced their present health patterns and how to enhance future health functioning. The program focuses upon participants assessing present level of health functioning and determining the specific effects of personal past experiences upon their current health practices. The program uses a problem-solving approach in dyads and small group interactions. Specific training activities are used which cover specific areas related to the model and health topics. By completion of the training which varies from one to three days, each participant develops a Personal Health Action Plan based upon individual problem areas to implement post-training.
Adventures in policy modeling

Policy Modeling refers to the application of operations research, statistics, and other quantitative methods to model policy problems. Recognizing that analyses of all sorts often exhibit diminishing returns in insight to effort, the hope is to capture key features of various policy issues with relatively simple "first-strike" models. Problem selection and formulation thus compete with the mathematics of solution methods in determining successful applications: where do good problems come from? How can analysts tell if a particular issue is worth pursuing? In addressing these questions, I will review some personal adventures in policy modeling selected from public housing, HIV/AIDS prevention, bioterror preparedness, suicide bombings and counterterrorism, in vitro fertilization, predicting presidential elections, and sports.
Water ordering controls the dynamic equilibrium of micelle-fibre formation in self-assembly of peptide amphiphiles.

The role of water in the kinetics of the self-assembly process of amphiphilic peptides still remains unknown. Sankaranarayanan et al. have shown through computational study that water has a dual nature when dictating the mechanism and dynamics of self-assembly of peptide amphiphiles.
Applying Critical Discourse Analysis in Health Policy Research: Case Studies in Regional, Organizational, and Global Health

Critical discourse analysis (CDA) is a promising methodology for policy research in nursing. As a critical theoretical methodology, researchers use CDA to analyze social practices and language use in policies to examine whether such policies may promote or impede social transformation. Despite the widespread use of CDA in other disciplines such as education and sociology, nursing policy research employing CDA methodology is sparse. To advance CDA use in nursing science, it is important to outline the overall research strategies and describe the steps of CDA in policy research. This article describes, using exemplar case studies, how nursing and health policy researchers can employ CDA as a methodology. Three case studies are provided to discuss the application of CDA research methodologies in nursing policy research: (a) implementation of preconception care policies in the Zhejiang province of China, (b) formation and enactment of statewide asthma policy in Washington state of the United States, and (c) organizational implementation of employee antibullying policies in hospital systems in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. Each exemplar details how CDA guided the examination of policy within specific contexts and social practices. The variations of the CDA approaches in the three exemplars demonstrated the flexibilities and potentials for conducting policy research grounded in CDA. CDA provides novel insights for nurse researchers examining health policy formation, enactment, and implementation.
Area and International Studies: Linguistics

Linguistics is relevant to area and international studies in the following areas: (a) understanding the geographical distribution of peoples (typology, dialect geography, historical linguistics, fieldwork, and language planning and intervention); (b) understanding different worldviews (linguistic anthropology, discourse analysis, literary analysis, and poetics); and (c) language learning (through the development of pedagogical and reference materials). Since 1950, linguistics has experienced a fascination with mathematical models, in an attempt to provide a formal analysis of the universal features of language. This theoretical perspective of ‘formal linguistics’ marginalizes or excludes issues relevant to area and international studies. Since the 1980s there has been a renewed interest in the relationship between language function and language form, known as ‘functional linguistics.’ Because the context of language and its role in meaning are central to the functionalist view of linguistics, the potential contribution of functional linguistics to area and international studies is great. Professional incentives for creating pedagogical and language reference materials are lacking. However, vast resources of language data available on the Internet and strategic funding initiatives offer opportunities for linguists to generate useful materials and undertake research relevant to area and international studies.
Pediatric to adult care co-location transitional model for youth with sickle cell disease.

Among youth with sickle cell disease (SCD), morbidity and mortality substantially increase following departure from pediatric care. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of co-location transitional model by comparing the rate of health care utilization pre- and post-transfer to adult care and to evaluate the relation between disease specific knowledge and the co-location model. All patients transferring from pediatric to adult care between October 2011 and December 2013, opting for the co-location model to transition from pediatric to adult care in Memphis, TN were included in the analysis. Overall utilization, comprised of both acute care visits and hospitalizations, and health-maintenance visits were compared pre- and post-transfer. Additionally, the association between patient understanding of pain and all health care utilization were assessed. There were 59 participants who established adult care using the co-location transitional model. We found an increase in acute care visits, but a decrease in hospitalizations, that resulted in no change in overall utilization (IRR: 1.11; (95%CI: 0.76, 1.63) comparing pediatric to adult care. The overall utilization rate during adult care was below those previously reported (3.61 vs. 1.65 per person-year, p<0.001). Additionally, we found a significant decrease in hospitalizations and an increase in health-maintenance visits associated with higher pain knowledge after transfer. The co-location model for pediatric to adult care transition seems to provide benefits among youth with SCD by increasing disease knowledge and reducing health care utilization to levels below those seen at the national level. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Operational Leanness and Retail Firm Performance Since 1980

Abstract Lean is one of the most pervasive and powerful paradigms in Operations and Supply Chain Management. As a theory, lean has been well tested in manufacturing. Lean in retail has received less attention. There is good reason to think that seminal constructs from lean, such as inventory slack reduction and capacity slack reduction, may explain a great deal of the variance in retail firm performance. Therefore this paper tests lean-based propositions pertaining to the relationships between inventory slack, capacity slack, market instability and firm market performance. Using retail firm data from a 35 year period, we find that lean thinking in its basic unadorned form helps explain retail performance remarkably well. From both a snapshot and quarterly difference perspective and regardless of whether we look at capacity slack or inventory slack, lean produces superior, lasting returns for retailers.
Review: In adults, contrast-enhanced CT is not linked to acute kidney injury or mortality vs noncontrast CT.

Source Citation Aycock RD, Westafer LM, Boxen JL, et al. Acute kidney injury after computed tomography: a meta-analysis. Ann Emerg Med. 2017 Aug 12. [Epub ahead of print]. 28811122
Trends in Legislative Regulation of Family Law Doctrine: Millenial Musings

Many observers have noted how much more detailed and complex legislative interventions in divorce doctrine have become. In marked contrast to legislative mores during the nineteenth century--and, as a matter of fact, even during a substantial share of the twentieth--state (and occasionally even federal) judicial as well as legislatively derived family law doctrines have been subject to relatively frequent legislative reformulation. This essay discusses the process by which state legislatures attempt to control judicial discretion.
Phenomenology and Revolutionary Romanticism

The premise of this discussion is that there are great benefits to be gained for both sides by establishing a dialogue between phenomenology and Romantic poetry. To illustrate this, I will analyze Romantic poems that dramatize what we might call a “revolution of the mind” that aims to discover a currently “invisible” but more authentic experience of the role conscious perception plays in the constitution of our world. In considering Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s Dejection: An Ode, Percy Bysshe Shelley’s Prometheus Unbound, and William Blake’s Jerusalem, we shall see that these poems depict such a revolution in terms that bear a close relationship to Edmund Husserl’s critique of the “natural attitude” and his turn to the phenomenological reduction so as to move past the errors that, he argues, this attitude involves. However, in considering both Jerusalem and Shelley’s Lift Not the Painted Veil, we shall also see the way in which these accounts of radical perceptual revolution often raise fears which may continue to haunt phenomenology as well. The conclusion then will pursue implications that the noticeably more active role these poems implicitly or explicitly assign to authentic perception has for both Romanticism and phenomenology.
Estimating economic impact of black bear damage to western conifers at a landscape scale

Abstract Black bear (Ursus americanus) damage to trees in the Pacific Northwest is common, although volume and economic losses are unknown. Common measures to quantify bear damage to conifers at large scales rely solely on aerial estimates of red tree crowns (caused by complete girdling) and broad assumptions about stand characteristics. We surveyed 122 vulnerable stands in the Coast Range and western Cascades of Oregon using both aerial surveys and ground surveys. Then, we modeled 4 damage scenarios (Salvage; Total Loss; Root Disease; and Combined Damage) with the Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS) growth and yield model and the Fuel Reduction Cost Simulator (FRCS). Damage polygons, digitized in real time from aerial surveys identifying red (dead or dying) tree crowns, overestimated bear damage by approximately 5-fold due to misclassification with root disease, and failed to detect partially peeled trees that contributed to economic loss. Damage polygons assessed from the air generally did not include red crowns, and were a mean distance of 58.8 m (SE = 8.8) from damage polygons’ outer edges to the nearest red crown. We accounted for mortality and volume losses from partially girdled trees that did not show red crowns in our Salvage scenario, whereas we assumed that all bear-peeled trees resulted in complete loss in the Total Loss scenario. At the landscape scale, economic loss was ≤0.35% of net present value under both damage scenarios, while processing bear damage trees (Salvage) was the most efficacious option. At the landscape scale, our worst-case scenario (Total Loss) resulted in an estimated loss of $56/ha to bear damage, 10-fold less than a previously reported estimate of $585/ha. Root disease was a more prevalent damage agent than bear damage but did not affect net present value at harvest. The majority (92%) of bear damage observed in ground surveys was older (>2 yrs) and existed at a low frequency (1.5 bear damaged trees/ha) and severity across the landscape. Our results suggest that black bear damage is not uniformly distributed and that perceived impact varies with spatial scale. On-the-ground monitoring of the status of bear damage across the western Oregon landscape will identify hot spots of severe peeling and provide an understanding of these changes over time.
Improving Solution Accuracy and Convergence for Stochastic Physics Parameterizations with Colored Noise

AbstractStochastic parameterizations are used in numerical weather prediction and climate modeling to help capture the uncertainty in the simulations and improve their statistical properties. Conve...
A Thick Origami Reconfigurable and Packable Patch Array With Enhanced Beam Steering

This article presents the first foldable thick-origami based antenna array made of a single nonflexible (rigid) printed circuit board (PCB), which can be easily fabricated using a standard milling machine. The foldability of the design is achieved using a surrogate hinge architecture that allows the array to fold in a range of almost 360°, without showing any mechanical or electromagnetic (EM) failure even after 5000 folding cycles of complete angular deflection (±180°). The proposed physically reconfigurable antenna array consists of four patches that are differentially fed and a surrogate hinge at its center. As the array changes from its planar to its non-planar state, it shows improved beam steering capabilities for scan angles greater than 35°. The array is designed on a 1.5 mm thick, low-cost FR4 substrate with overall dimensions of $250\times102$ mm and an operating frequency of 2.45 GHz.
Teff could contribute to the Sustainable Goals of United Nation’s Goals in low-income areas of Middle East and North Africa

Several Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nation are directly or indirectly related to nutrition, including SDG1 (no poverty) and SDG2 (zero hunger). Many parts of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region are experiencing poverty or suffering from micronutrient (Calcium, Iron, and Vitamin D) deficiencies, which has contributed to a high mortality rate among children and pregnant women. Teff, an old and well-known grain in MENA and a “Super Grain” in developed countries, has a strong potential to be utilized in food product development activities in MENA. These new products can be produced by local scientists and be sold domestically or internationally. The aim of this short communication is to review the limitations and opportunities that exist in the process of food product development with Teff. Several Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nation are directly or indirectly related to nutrition, including SDG1 (no poverty) and SDG2 (zero hunger). Many parts of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region are experiencing poverty or suffering from micronutrient (Calcium, Iron, and Vitamin D) deficiencies, which has contributed to a high mortality rate among children and pregnant women. Teff, an old and well-known grain in MENA and a “Super Grain” in developed countries, has a strong potential to be utilized in food product development activities in MENA. These new products can be produced by local scientists and be sold domestically or internationally. The aim of this short communication is to review the limitations and opportunities that exist in the process of food product development with Teff.
Defense of the Defensive Writer: A Therapeutic and Relational Approach to Workshop

Emerging from a thesis seeking to characterize the undergraduate creative writing workshop experience, this article identifies the reasons for defensive behaviors in workshop through the use of Relational-Cultural Theory, a therapeutic model that posits how we grow through our relationships with one another. An analysis of eight in-depth interviews alongside my own experience are used to examine how and why individuals in creative writing workshops reject feedback, even when they want to grow as writers.
A Pediatric Transgender Medicine Curriculum for Multidisciplinary Trainees.

Introduction While pediatricians should receive training in the care of transgender youth, a paucity of formal educational curricula have been developed to train learners to care for this vulnerabl...
The evolution of an interprofessional education motivational interviewing workshop: Finding the right balance

Abstract Motivational Interviewing (MI) is a communication style used among health professionals to help patients develop and foster internal motivation for positive changes in health behavior. Students are often taught MI within the context of their own health profession; yet, interprofessional education (IPE) is recommended to prepare students for a future of collaborative practice. This paper describes and presents findings from an IPE-MI workshop offered three times over two years, to students across nine health science schools, at one institution. The overall objective of the workshop was to use MI as a method of delivering an IPE experience to address the Interprofessional Education Collaborative (IPEC®) competencies of values/ethics, roles/responsibilities, interprofessional communication, and teams/teamwork. The workshop was created and executed by faculty volunteers. Students voluntarily attended two, 3-h IPE-MI workshops spaced one week apart. Student feedback provided valuable information for refinement of content and format. Despite challenges, an IPE-MI workshop can be delivered and sustained over time. Faculty may consider offering an IPE-MI course for credit to students across health professions.
Origin of low oxygen isotopic compositions in alkalic lavas from Erebus volcano, Antarctica

Abstract Mount Erebus on Ross Island, Antarctica is an active volcano that has hosted a persistent phonolite lava lake for over 50 years. Oxygen isotope analysis of minerals in alkaline basanite to phonolite lavas from Erebus and surrounding volcanic centers show an anomalous trend of decreasing δ18O with magmatic evolution. The cold frozen climate and lack of radiogenic isotope evidence for assimilation of crustal materials makes this a unique location to investigate factors contributing to changes in oxygen isotope compositions. Olivine, feldspar, glass and whole rock samples from 29 lavas, 7 modern bombs and 2 xenoliths were analyzed for their oxygen isotopic compositions. Forward models indicate there should be an enrichment in δ18O of 0.4‰ in lavas due to Raleigh fractionation, but this is not observed. Olivine δ18O decreases from a typical mantle value of +5.3‰ in the parental basanite source to 4.3‰ in recently erupted phonolite lava bombs. The trend correlates with a decreasing forsterite content in the olivine. Feldspar and glasses exhibit δ18O values well below predicted values and are in fractionation disequilibrium with olivine compositions at measured magmatic temperatures of 1000 °C within the phonolite lava lake. Isotopic depletion of the melt may be accounted for by incorporation of 8–11% hydrothermally altered volcanic edifice over time assuming water–rock interaction from strongly isotopically depleted Antarctic precipitation. Enhanced disequilibrium with olivine phenocrysts, are seen during the late stages of Erebus volcano construction. This calls for differential fractionation of olivine and feldspar from their respective melts, and slow O-diffusion of olivine while in the shallow lava lake prior to eruption.
Memory for diverse faces in a racially attentive context.

Two experiments assessed how racial ambiguity and racial salience moderates the cross-race effect (CRE). In experiment 1, White and Black participants studied and identified the race of Asian, Black, Latino, and White faces that varied in ethnic typicality (high or low ET). For White participants, the CRE was larger when comparing high-ET White faces to high-ET other-race faces than low-ET other-race faces. Black participants showed a similar CRE reduction by ethnic typicality, but also showed a less prevalent CRE than White participants. Experiment 2 replicated experiment 1 procedures, but without the race identification task and only with White participants. Experiment 2 findings were comparable to experiment 1. Furthermore, experiment 2 showed a noticeably smaller CRE on Black faces than experiment 1, eliciting questions about increased racial salience amplifying the CRE. Results’ general implications and the conceptual roots that indirectly link the CRE and racism will be discussed.
Peptidolytic monoclonal antibody elicited by a neuropeptide

We report evidence that a monoclonal antibody raised by immunization with a vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-carrier protein conjugate selectively hydrolyzes VIP and a fluorescence quenched decapeptide (FQ14-22D), representing the region of VIP most susceptible to autoantibody-mediated cleavage (residues 14-22). A high affinity of the antibody for VIP and a lower affinity for FQ14-22D were revealed by kinetic studies and further substantiated by potent inhibition of FQ14-22D cleaving activity by full-length VIP. Sequencing of FQ14-22D hydrolysis products indicated selective cleavage at one peptide bond. These observations suggest that antibodies induced against naturally occurring polypeptide antigens can express peptidolytic activity targeted for specific sequences in the recognition epitope.
Heterogeneity in cancer dynamics: A convex formulation to dissect dynamic trajectories and infer LTV models of networked systems

Breast cancer tumors have inherently heterogeneous cell types that respond differently to treatments. Although there is a wealth of studies describing canonical cell signaling networks, little is known about how these networks operate in different cancer cells and treatments. This paper proposes a method to split a set of responses gathered from experiments on different cancer cells up into common and specific components. The key to this retrieval is the derivation of a linear timevarying model of the shared dynamics among the different cell lines. A convex optimization problem is derived that retrieves both the model and the common and specific responses without a priori information. The method is tested on synthetic data, and verifies known facts when tested on a biological data set with protein expression data from breast cancer experiments. The technique can be used to analyze specific responses to understand what treatments can be combined to persistently treat a heterogeneous cancer tumor. The linear time-varying model sheds light on how proteins interact over time.
Bacon, data analysis and artificial intelligence

ABSTRACT Close examination of empirical results from a scientific experiment exposes weaknesses in an existing strategy for domain-independent data analysis and suggests a possible alternative.
Microbiology and Immunology of Autism Spectrum Disorders

Both generic and environmental factors are likely to contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders. Even in heritable disorders of high penetrance, variability in timing of onset or severity of disease indicate a role for modifying principles. Investigation in animal models of the consequences of interactions between host response genes and microbes, toxins, and other environmental agents in a temporal context may elucidate the pathophysiology of a wide spectrum of chronic diseases. Here we review the evidence that infectious and immune factors may contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders, describe an animal model of neurodevelopmental disorders based upon viral infection, identify processes by which neural circuitry may be compromised, and outline plans for translational research in animal models and prospective human birth cohorts.
Nuclear resonance fluorescence for materials assay

This paper discusses the use of nuclear resonance fluorescence (NRF) techniques for the isotopic and quantitative assaying of radioactive material. Potential applications include age-dating of an unknown radioactive source, pre- and post-detonation nuclear forensics, and safeguards for nuclear fuel cycles Examples of age-dating a strong radioactive source and assaying a spent fuel pin are discussed. The modeling work has been performed with the Monte Carlo radiation transport computer code MCNPX, and the capability to simulate NRF has been added to the code. Discussed are the limitations in MCNPX's photon transport physics for accurately describing photon scattering processes that are important contributions to the background and impact the applicability of the NRF assay technique.
Do Analysts Account for Earnings Management

We examine whether analysts include the managed earnings component in their forecasts or are surprised by the managed earnings component. We also investigate whether analysts’ earnings forecasts for future periods and their stock recommendations are affected by earnings management in the current period. The results, based on a sample of 583 restatements and a much larger sample of cases where earnings are likely to have been managed upward, are consistent with analysts forecasting the managed earnings number. Further, the managed earnings component appears to influence analysts’ subsequent earnings forecasts, leading to upward forecast revisions and upgraded stock recommendations which appear to be unwarranted given the firms’ subsequent operating performance.
Strange axial-vector mesons.

The strange axial-vector mesons ${K}_{1} (1270)$ and ${K}_{1} (1400)$ are reanalyzed in the light of the updated experimental information and compared with the recent result on the $K\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\pi}$ production in $\ensuremath{\tau}$ decay. The mixing angle between the strange mesons of $^{3}P_{1}$ and $^{1}P_{1}$ is determined by the partial decay rates, and, independently, by the masses. They lead to ${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{K}\ensuremath{\approx}33\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} or 57\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$. The observed ${K}_{1} (1400)$ production dominance in the $\ensuremath{\tau}$ decay favors ${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{K}\ensuremath{\approx}33\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$. Flavor-SU(3) breaking of 20% or so in the production amplitudes can explain quantitatively the observed production ratio.
Process Recording in Supervision of Students Learning to Practice with Children

Abstract This article addresses the use of process recordings insupervising social work students learning to practice with children. Although process recordings are a traditionalmethod of teaching and learning social work practice, they have received little attention in the literature of social work practice and social work education. Process recordings of sessions with children have not been examined. The authors review literature on interviewing children, on process recording and on supervision in socialwork practice. Case examples illuminate how written process recordings can enhance learning and promote a supervisory alliance. The authors propose four key elements of process recordings for practice with children, including full description of play, child's exactwords, child's mastery and student's thoughts/feelings. They conclude that adequately prepared process recordings examined in sequence, over time, reveal progress in student learning.
Adult Interpretations of Communicative Behavior in Learners with Rett Syndrome

This study examined adults’ interpretations of the communicative functions of “potential” communicative acts as defined by Sigafoos, et al. (2009) produced by individuals with Rett Syndrome (RTT). Video recordings of three learners with RTT engaged in daily routines were parsed into 5-second clips. Each clip demonstrated a potential communicative act. The primary caregivers and educational professionals who served each of the learners viewed the video clips and rated the communicative function of each behavior, if any. Analyses examined adults’ judgments as a function of their familiarity with the learner as well as their relative familiarity and experience in interpreting limited communicative repertoires (i.e., parents compared to special education professionals). The majority of special education professionals and parents interpret potential communicative behavior to represent communication with a clear intention. The three functions most commonly identified by raters were requesting object, commenting and protesting. There was modest variability in these ratings across participants and between professionals and parents. Variability in the interpretation of potential communicative acts between raters highlights the need for future studies with this population. Implications for future applied research along with educational implications are discussed.
Prenatal Fluoride Exposure: Measurement of Plasma Levels and Enamel Uptake in the Guinea Pig

This study measured the effects of variations in the maternal fluoride intake on changes in maternal plasma, fetal plasma, and fetal enamel fluoride levels of near-term guinea pig pups.Pregnant sows were divided randomly into one of three groups whose drinking water was either de-ionized or contained 5 ppm or 20 ppm fluoride supplied ad libitum. At approximately 55 days' gestation, maternal and fetal plasma and fetal enamel samples were collected and assayed for fluoride. Results showed an increase in mean fluoride concentration for maternal plasma from the de-ionized to the 20-ppm group. Mean fetal plasma fluoride concentrations were lower at baseline and increased much less than did maternal plasma levels. Mean fetal enamel concentrations increased in a fashion similar to that of the maternal plasma levels and exhibited significant differences among all groups.
Use of Reworked Pollen and Spores for determining the Pleistocene - Recent and the Intra-Pleistocene Boundaries

DURING July of 1962 a two-year palynological investigation of continental shelf and ocean bottom sediments off the eastern coast of the United States was undertaken. (Samples were made available through the courtesy of Lamont Geological Observatory and Woods Hole Oceano-graphic Institution.) Later, samples from a suite of cores collected between Argentina and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge were also added to this investigation of pollen and spore distribution in marine sediments. A total of 349 samples from 21 cores was collected by me. All samples collected were processed and examined. Only three of the 21 cores sampled proved to be completely barren of pollen and spores. All the other cores contained at least some productive samples and in many of the cores most of the processed samples yielded pollen and spores.
Pet study correlates of psychometric psychoticism in normals

Recent positron emission tomography (PET) studies of patients with psychosis have found decreased glucose metabolism in prefrontal cortex. We examined whether psychometric psychoticism in normals was associated with reduced glucose metabolism in prefrontal cortex in 44 males (mean age 33.27 SD 10.95) and 41 females (mean age 33.04 years SD 10.87). All subjects completed the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), and underwent the PET scan procedure on a Scanditronix scanner during performance of an auditory continuous performance task. ume of a control region (superior frontal gyms). An analysis of the temporal sulco-gyral pattern showed a non-parallel, discontinuous pattern in schizophrenic patients (Chi Square=l0.8, df=l, p I 0.001, phi=0.60). These findings suggest that a subset of schizophrenics show localized reductions in gray matter of the temporal lobe that are intercorrelated thus suggesting a disturbance of a neural network in schizophrenia. Moreover, degree of thought disorder was related to reduced volume of left posterior STG, an area important as a substrate of language. That the gyral pattern was also disrupted strongly implicates a neurodevelopmental disturbance may be important in the aetiology of schizophrenia.
Bile salt sulfotransferase in guinea pig liver

Bile salt sulfotransferase from guinea pig liver is purified by the procedures of ammonium sulfate fractionation, Sephadex G-100 column chromatography, agarose-hexane-adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate affinity chromatography and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The purified enzyme exhibits a pH optimum of 6.8, an isoelectric point of 5.6 and a molecular weight of 76 000 estimated by gel filtration technique. The apparent Km values of the enzyme are 7.7.10(-5) M for taurolithocholate and 1.4.10(-6) M for 3'-phoshoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate. It requires Mg2+ and free sulfohydryl group(s) for activity. The enzyme reacts with hydroxy groups of bile salts at both 3 alpha and 3 beta positions. No activity is found in the kidney of guinea pig. The purified enzyme does not react with estrone, estradiol, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, cholesterol, phenol, tryamine, and serotonin. The results indicate that bile salt sulfotransferase is distinct from other hepatic sulfotransferases.