cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A femtosecond-precision, fiber-optic timing transfer system with long-term stable, polarization maintaining output

A fiber-based, all-optical system for femtosecond-precision, long-term, timing transfer and synchronization of microwave electronics and lasers at the kilometer scale is presented. This approach enables the implementation of femtosecond pulse, X-ray free-electron lasers, owing to the high-precision and robust operation. The system incorporates a fiber polarization controller for long-term synchronization of remote lasers, and operates with an optical timing detector based on balanced optical cross-correlation. We demonstrate continuous, unaided timing distribution over 168-hours with 5 fs rms precision. Also, the first demonstration of timing transfer from local to remote ultrafast, fiber laser with an all-optical, ultrafast technique is shown for over 5 hours with 4 fs rms transfer precision. This represents timing transfer over 340 m of fiber with an unprecedented fractional relative timing stability of 10−19. A study of linear and non-linear effects impacting performance is presented, along with design guidelines, while it is shown that minimization of polarization mode dispersion and non-linearity are critical design considerations for optimal performance.
Effects of LiDAR point density and landscape context on estimates of urban forest biomass

Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data is being increasingly used as an effective alternative to conventional optical remote sensing to accurately estimate aboveground forest biomass ranging from individual tree to stand levels. Recent advancements in LiDAR technology have resulted in higher point densities and improved data accuracies accompanied by challenges for procuring and processing voluminous LiDAR data for large-area assessments. Reducing point density lowers data acquisition costs and overcomes computational challenges for large-area forest assessments. However, how does lower point density impact the accuracy of biomass estimation in forests containing a great level of anthropogenic disturbance? We evaluate the effects of LiDAR point density on the biomass estimation of remnant forests in the rapidly urbanizing region of Charlotte, North Carolina, USA. We used multiple linear regression to establish a statistical relationship between field-measured biomass and predictor variables derived from LiDAR data with varying densities. We compared the estimation accuracies between a general Urban Forest type and three Forest Type models (evergreen, deciduous, and mixed) and quantified the degree to which landscape context influenced biomass estimation. The explained biomass variance of the Urban Forest model, using adjusted R 2 , was consistent across the reduced point densities, with the highest difference of 11.5% between the 100% and 1% point densities. The combined estimates of Forest Type biomass models outperformed the Urban Forest models at the representative point densities (100% and 40%). The Urban Forest biomass model with development density of 125 m radius produced the highest adjusted R 2 (0.83 and 0.82 at 100% and 40% LiDAR point densities, respectively) and the lowest RMSE values, highlighting a distance impact of development on biomass estimation. Our evaluation suggests that reducing LiDAR point density is a viable solution to regional-scale forest assessment without compromising the accuracy of biomass estimates, and these estimates can be further improved using development density.
Fruit and vegetables are similarly categorised by 8-13-year-old children.

Fruit and vegetable (FaV) consumption has been related to the prevention of cancer(1–2), heart disease(3), obesity(4) and other health problems(5). FaV intake is one of the key dietary behaviours for health promotion(6). Accurate measurement of children’s intake is necessary for research on intake and health outcomes(7), long-term surveillance of population status(8) and evaluating change programme outcomes(9). While there are several methods for measuring FaV intake(10), accurately measuring it remains a challenge(11). The 24 h dietary recall (hdr) is considered the preferred method of diet assessment(12), but problems with self-reports are well documented(11) and it can be cost-prohibitive for large studies. A prototype computerised 24 hdr (called the Food Intake Recording Software System or FIRSSt) for children was developed to minimise these costs; however, it was somewhat less accurate than a dietitian-conducted 24 hdr, and Hispanic children more commonly reported problems using FIRSSt(13). A problem in FIRSSt was the food search strategy. The food categories enabling the search were designed by professionals, but categories representative of children’s organisation of foods may have enhanced speed and accuracy of search. The age at which children reach a level of cognitive maturity sufficient to reasonably accurately report dietary intake is not clear(14). Children’s cognitive limitations may determine how they categorise foods, e.g. concrete groups instead of abstract ideas(15). The cognitive maturity of primary-school children varied from pre-operational to concrete-operational and formal thought, with corresponding differences in knowledge and concepts(16). Recent studies have obtained reasonable 24 hdr from 8-year-old girls(17), whereas food frequencies only from 13 years and older children had data similar to that from adults(18). Girls may be more consistent than boys(19); obesity has been associated with under-reporting(20) and emotional responses to food(21), and differences might be associated with ethnic groups(22). An understanding of how children categorise and label FaV should clarify how to hierarchically group and name the food categories in a computerised 24 hdr, thereby facilitating a child’s rapid and accurate search. Since the perception of a bitter taste of some foods, particularly vegetables, e.g. 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP)(23), may influence the way children categorise them, it would be important to distinguish food categories by the children’s ability to taste PROP. Food preferences(24) and frequency of food consumption(25) may also influence food categorisation. The present exploratory study assessed how 8–13-yearolds categorised and labelled FaV, and how these categories and category labels were influenced by gender, age, BMI, ethnicity, socio-economic status, PROP taster status, preference for and frequency of consumption of the food items.
Use of magnetic beads to study the interaction of ristocetin with peptides and bacteria

Background: We aimed to develop and validate sensitive fluorescence techniques to assess the binding of magnetic microbeads derivatized with ristocetin from Amycolatopsis lurida to carboxyfluorescein-labeled D-Ala-D-Ala-D-Ala and in competition with Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Glycopeptide antibiotics have been widely used to treat bacterial infections. However, new antibiotics are needed because of growing bacterial resistance and serious side effects. To screen potential candidates for new antibiotics, there is a great demand for sensitive, fast and inexpensive techniques to analyze the interactions between these molecules and bacterial cells. Results: Fluorometry, an in-house fluorescent instrument and fluorescence microscopy were used to determine binding constants of 2.75 × 104, 2.21 × 104 and 0.81 × 104 M-1, respectively, for the interaction between ristocetin and the labeled peptide. Conclusion: The methods detailed herein have been successfully applied to assess the binding of carboxyfluoresce...
Semantic processing of unattended meaning is modulated by additional task load: evidence from electrophysiology.

Abstract Recently, we observed that the perception of word meaning, as measured with the N400 component of the event-related brain potential, is delayed but unimpaired by various additional tasks when the language task requires the processing of semantic properties of the word stimuli. In the present study, we assessed whether similar effects would be observed when the language task relates to acoustic rather than to semantic properties of the word stimuli. The N400 was elicited by synonymous and non-synonymous spoken noun pairs that were to be classified according to tone pitch. In a single task experiment, there was a small but clear synonymity effect in ERPs (N400), indicating the availability of word meaning to the semantic system. Additional processing load, imposed by an overlapping task, abolished N400 for all SOAs when stimulus–response assignments were incompatible. For compatible assignments, N400 amplitude was present but much attenuated at the longest SOA. We conclude that the availability of task-irrelevant meaning is modulated by additional task load and decay in short-term memory.
COBRA: an 1.2 million transistor expandable column FFT chip

This paper presents an optimized column FFT architecture which utilizes bit-serial arithmetic and dynamic reconfiguration to achieve a complete overlap between computation and communication. As a result, the system can compute a 24-bit precision 1 K point complex FFT transform within 9.25 /spl mu/s, far surpassing the performance of any existing FFT systems. >
Role of the kidney in the prenatal and early postnatal programming of hypertension

Epidemiologic studies from several different populations have demonstrated that prenatal insults, which adversely affect fetal growth, result in an increased incidence of hypertension when the offspring reaches adulthood. It is now becoming evident that low-birth-weight infants are also at increased risk for chronic kidney disease. To determine how prenatal insults result in hypertension and chronic kidney disease, investigators have used animal models that mimic the adverse events that occur in pregnant women, such as dietary protein or total caloric deprivation, uteroplacental insufficiency, and prenatal administration of glucocorticoids. This review examines the role of the kidney in generating and maintaining an increase in blood pressure in these animal models. This review also discusses how early postnatal adverse events may have repercussions in later life. Causes for the increase in blood pressure by perinatal insults are likely multifactorial and involve a reduction in nephron number, dysregulation of the systemic and intrarenal renin-angiotensin system, increased renal sympathetic nerve activity, and increased tubular sodium transport. Understanding the mechanism for the increase in blood pressure and renal injury resulting from prenatal insults may lead to therapies that prevent hypertension and the development of chronic kidney and cardiovascular disease.
Performance of a direct sequence code division multiple access cellular network

A DS/CDMA (direct-sequence code division multiple access) system using BPSK (binary phase shift keying) modulation is simulated to determine the bit error probabilities for various numbers of users with a processing gain close to that of a cellular network. The results are compared to results obtained using the Gaussian approximation equations. The results obtained are to the feasibility of a DS/CDMA cellular network. It is concluded that DS/CDMA cellular networks appear to offer higher subscriber capacities than existing analog or TDMA (time division multiple access) formats. In addition, DS/CDMA offers additional advantages such as inherent privacy through the use of spreading codes and the ability to combat problems such as multipath fading and narrowband noise. >
Validation of Hydrodynamic Load Models Using CFD for the OC4-DeepCwind Semisubmersible

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were carried out on the OC4-DeepCwind semi-submersible to obtain a better understanding of how to set hydrodynamic coefficients for the structure when using an engineering tool such as FAST to model the system. The focus here was on the drag behavior and the effects of the free-surface, free-ends and multi-member arrangement of the semi-submersible structure. These effects are investigated through code-to-code comparisons and flow visualizations. The implications on mean load predictions from engineering tools are addressed. The work presented here suggests that selection of drag coefficients should take into consideration a variety of geometric factors. Furthermore, CFD simulations demonstrate large time-varying loads due to vortex shedding, which FAST's hydrodynamic module, HydroDyn, does not model. The implications of these oscillatory loads on the fatigue life needs to be addressed.
Design Methodology for the Selection of Temporary Erosion and Sediment Control Practices Based on Regional Hydrological Conditions

AbstractConstruction-related activities typically disturb established vegetation, resulting in the potential for accelerated erosion. Because of the associated water quality impacts of construction activities, the USEPA has established regulatory programs to manage stormwater runoff emanating from construction sites. Currently, designers typically rely on “rules of thumb” for the design and selection of temporary erosion and sediment control practices. To provide a hydrologically sound approach, this research developed a quick and direct sizing method based on Technical Release–55 methodology. The analysis focused on Type-II and Type-III rainfall distributions, with 171 hydrological simulations performed. The results yielded applicable equations for the determination of flow rates representative of regional conditions for a typical 0.405-ha (1.0-acre) roadway median drainage basin. Geographical information system (GIS) analyses were used to develop and analyze regional hydrological characteristics. The GI...
The Global Laboratory of Tobacco Control: Research to Advance Tobacco Cessation in LMICs

For over half a century, the U.S. National Cancer Institute (NCI) has supported research on tobacco and health, which has contributed to reductions in tobacco-caused morbidity and mortality in the U.S. But while tobacco use has been slowly declining in most high-income nations, including the US, it has continued to increase in other parts of the globe. Of the 800 million adult men who currently smoke cigarettes, over 80% are in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and these countries will bear an increasing share of the health and economic burden of tobacco use. At the same time, there are additional challenges to implementing tobacco control programs in LMICs, including a diversity of tobacco products, limited capacity and resources for tobacco control, and competing health priorities. While a large body of evidence has been generated around tobacco dependence treatment and other measures in high-income countries, this work is only partly applicable to many LMICs. In this paper we focus on research needs and opportunities around tobacco cessation interventions for LMICs, highlighting four areas: understanding diverse tobacco products, development of low-cost cessation interventions, integrating tobacco cessation into health systems, and understanding tobacco use behaviors across different contexts. Expanding tobacco control research and research capacity in LMICs is crucial to reducing tobacco use and cancer rates worldwide. Furthermore, research conducted in countries around the world can yield important insights for understanding tobacco use behaviors and the effectiveness of tobacco control interventions in the US.
Comparison of methods to assess psychiatric medication adherence in methadone-maintained patients with co-occurring psychiatric disorder

Background Adherence with psychiatric medication is a critical issue that has serious individual and public health implications. This is a secondary analysis of a large-scale clinical treatment trial of co-occurring substance use and psychiatric disorder.
A Three-Component Framework for Trade Show Performance Evaluation

The purpose of this study was to propose and examine a three-component trade show evaluation framework on exhibitors’ and visitors’ performance that accounts for the relationships between all three...
Separation-Compliant Time Advance in Terminal Area Arrivals: Tradeoff between Makespan and Fuel Burn

The current operational practice in scheduling air tra! ca rriving at an airport is to adjust flight schedules by delay ,i .e. a postponement of an aircraft’s arrival at as cheduled location, to manage safely the FAA-mandated separation constraints between aircraft. To meet the observed and forecast growth in tra! cd emand, however, the practice oftime advance (speeding up an aircraft toward a scheduled location) is envisioned for future operations as a practice additional to delay. Time advance has two potential advantageous capabilities: to increase th et hroughput of the arriving tra! c, and to reduce the total tra! cd elay when the tra! cs ample is below saturation density. A cost associated with time advance is the fuel expenditure required by an aircraft to speed up. The contribution of this paper is an optimal control model of air tra! ca rriving in at erminal area that gives qualitative insight into the interdependence between two competing objectives: saving fuel (total, for the entire air tra! co peration) and reducing the duration (makespan) of the operation. The numerical solution provided here was obtained using, for convenience, a software packaged based on the Pseudospectral Method with Legendre-Gauss-Radau collocation.
Deviations of Language Use in China's Original Network Games and Their English Translation

With the increasing of the impact of China's original network games in international market,the translation of the original network games has not been paid enough attention to by the developing enterprises for the network games,which becomes an adverse factor to affect and limit the commercial value and cultural connotation of these original network games. This paper analyzes and studies the language phenomenon from such four aspects as the phonetic,lexical,semantic and syntactic deviations of language use based on language deviation,and proposes the feasible English translation principles and strategies on such deviations so that some positive enlightenments are provided for the future English translation practices for China's original network games.
Research on the Long-term Influence of Festival and Special Event Marketing on the Host City——The Interrelationship between Event Image and Event Satisfaction and Intention to Visit

Festival and special event marketing is a kind of promotion tool for the host city to attract new visitors,and it has been adapted by city marketers.The emphasis of the research in recently years is on the short-term influence of event on the host city and intention to revisit,but they ignore the long-term influence.This paper analyzes the interrelationship between event image and event satisfaction and intention to visit by statistic methods to test empirically the proposed model.After the analysis,this paper draws following conclusions: the city marketers should pay more attention on the long-term influence of event on the host city,take good measures to improve event satisfaction,built good event image,and attract more new visitors after the event is finished.
ID: 47: TESTOSTERONE-HCG THERAPY ASSOCIATED WITH RECURRENT DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS-PULMONARY EMBOLISM DESPITE ANTICOAGULATION IN A 55 YEAR OLD MAN WITH THROMBOPHILIA

Background When exogenous testosterone or treatments to elevate testosterone (human chorionic gonadotropin [HCG] or Clomid) are given to men with underlying familial and/or acquired thrombophilia, deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism often occur, and may recur despite adequate anticoagulation if testosterone therapy is continued. Case Presentation In a 55 year old white male, referred to us because of 4 thrombotic events, 3 despite adequate anticoagulation over a 5 year period, we assessed interactions between thrombophilia, exogenous testosterone therapy, and recurrent thrombosis. In 2009, despite low-normal serum testosterone 334 ng/dl (lower normal limit [LNL] 300 ng/dl.), he was given testosterone (TT) cypionate (50 mg/week) and HCG (500 units/week) for presumed hypogonadism. Ten months later, with supranormal serum T (1385 ng/dl, UNL 827 ng/dl) and estradiol (E2) 45 pg/ml (UNL 41 pg/ml), he had a pulmonary embolus (PE), and was then anticoagulated for 2 years (enoxaparin, then Coumadin). Four years later, on TT-HCG, he had his first deep venous thrombosis (DVT). TT was stopped, HCG continued; he was anticoagulated (enoxaparin, then Coumadin, then apixaban (Eliquis), then fondaparinux (Arixtra)). One year after his first DVT, on HCG, still on Arixtra, he had a second DVT (5/2015), was anticoagulated (enoxaparin+Coumadin), with a Greenfield filter placed, but 8 days later had a second PE. The Lupus anticoagulant was found to be present. After stopping HCG, and maintained on Coumadin, he has been free of further DVT-PE for 6 months. Conclusion When DVT- PE occur on TT or HCG, in the presence of thrombophilia, TT- HCG should be stopped, lest DVT-PE reoccur despite concurrent anticoagulation.
An Elementary Proof for Hausdorff Measure of A Kind of Cantor Dust in R~3

An simple method is used to give the Hausdorff measure for a kind of Cantor dust in R3. It is regarded as an another proof for the results known.
Bentonite-water dispersions--an effective dietetic research tool.

Food service energy research costs can be reduced by the use of models to simulate menu items.
Abstract LB-063: A high-resolution, quantitative proteomic map of human prostate cancer cells

Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in American men. Despite remarkable progress in the past decade, the molecular basis of prostate cancer development and progression remains incompletely understood. Owing to the rapid advancement of next generation sequencing technologies, whole-genome and -transcriptome sequencing have been increasingly applied to analyze prostate cancer. In comparison, whole-proteome sequencing of prostate cancer remains very challenging. Here, by applying three different endoproteinases (i.e., trypsin, Glu-C and Asp-N) and two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, we generated a high-resolution and quantitative proteomic map for DU145, a widely used human prostate cancer cell line. A total of 11,759 non-redundant protein groups were identified with a false discovery rate of 1%, corresponding to 10,561 genes. The absolute abundance of each identified protein was computed, ranging from 110 million to several copies (median = 35,700 copies). In addition, a recent RNA-Seq analysis of DU145 cells suggested that only 10,964 genes have FPKM values of ? 1, indicating that our proteomic profiling covers almost the entire proteome. Among the 10,561 identified genes, at least 904 (e.g., BRAF, BRCA1, EZH2, FGFR1, HNF1B, and STAT3) express two to eight different protein isoforms, some of which have not been characterized before. In addition, proteogenomic analysis identified over 40 aberrant proteins derived from alternative splicing and site mutation as well as translation from 5’UTR, long non-coding RNAs, and pseudogenes. In conclusion, we generated the first near-complete quantitative proteomic map for prostate cancer cells, which may guide the discovery of prostate cancer-specific protein biomarkers. Citation Format: Bo Zhou, Michael R. Freeman, Wei Yang. A high-resolution, quantitative proteomic map of human prostate cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-063.
Thinking Globally, Teaching Locally, the Nervous Conditions of Cross-Cultural Literacy

The foreignness of foreigners, the strangeness of strangers: "these things," Kwame Appiah reminds us, "are real enough" (xxi). Yet, as he goes on to argue in Cosmopolitanism: Ethics in a World of Strangers, the significance of foreignness in our current academic climate has, "by an order of magnitude," been exaggerated "by well-meaning intellectuals" who risk asserting the pedagogi cally undesirable position that, essentially, certain human beings are illegible to one another (xxi). What happens with this predicament of intractable cultural difference in the world literature classroom?where, on any given partly cloudy Tuesday, a group of "native" readers are invited to trespass onto foreign literary soil? Take my small state college's Global Perspectives in Literature, regularly offered as a recom mended course for future teachers and also chosen by students of multiple majors looking to fulfill a diversity requirement. "Thinking globally, but teaching locally," l my pedagogical approach in this course, as in other contemporary world literature courses, means working in two opposing directions that produce a useful dialectic tension. First, I work to make hybrid postcolonial identities seem familiar, even analogous at times, to what we understand as the process of identity formation for the average postmodern Ameri can college student. I do this simply by entertaining what discourse theory argues: namely that, colonized or not, all postmodern selves function as sites of competing discourses. Next, working toward an opposite end, bracketing epistemological simi larities and stressing historicized difference, I use the Otherness of the cultures re produced in foreign texts to estrange the American familiar. The intent here is to
Persistent Back Pain and Normal Serum Immunofixation in an Older Gentleman.

A 62-year-old, well-appearing gentleman of Middle Eastern descent presented to his primary care physician with persistent back pain. Per patient report, the pain began 8 months prior and had been steadily worsening. No trauma or inciting incident was identified. No weight loss or fatigue was endorsed. Routine chemistry and hematology laboratory values were all within normal limits, although a low-normal total protein was noted (Table 1). Serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation were ordered and read as normal (Fig. 1). In the absence of remarkable laboratory findings, the patient was referred to radiology for imaging studies. A skeletal survey and a computed tomography (CT)2 were performed; CT revealed the presence of an osteolytic lesion at the L4 level. A thorough laboratory workup was thus conducted, which included serum free light chains (sFLC; Freelite®, The Binding Site); the results showed an increased free κ (2.60; 0.33–1.94 mg/dL) with a concomitant increased κ/λ ratio (2.22; 0.26–1.65). A 24-h urine sample was also ordered, but no detectable Bence Jones protein was found by means of electrophoresis or immunofixation. On the basis of these findings, the clinical differential diagnosis included metastatic disease, multiple myeloma, or an infectious process (i.e., osteomyelitis). The patient had no history of cancer and no symptoms to suggest infection; …
Large-scale Day-time Radiative Cooling Metafilm

We demonstrate a large-scale day-time radiative cooling metafilm that is fabricated by a roll-to-roll process. The metafilm has demonstrated 93 W/m2 cooling power at noon-time, which is a performance promising for large-scale cooling applications.
Echo State versus Wavelet Neural Networks: Comparison and Application to Nonlinear System Identification

Abstract This paper examines two popular neural networks that have been successfully utilized in a wide variety of applications: echo state networks (ESN) and wavelet neural networks (WNN). It introduces innovations in the structure of ESN that result in major improvements in their performance. By adding a feedforward component to the networks, and by tuning their weights using recursive least squares, we can drastically reduce the number of hidden layer neurons while reducing their error. We demonstrate the improvement in the performance of ESN and compare their performance to that of WNN by application to the identification of an un-manned vehicle. Different ESN and WNN are utilized to identify the model of the vehicle and examine the effects of adding a feedforward term to ESN and WNN. Simulation results shows that adding a feedforward term to ESN and WNN can reduce the number of hidden nodes drastically while reducing the identification error of ESN. Because the number of internal units in ESN can be very high for nonlinear systems, adding this term makes ESN more suitable for online identification and control applications. Our results show that, even though both networks yield acceptable performance, ESN outperform WNN in terms of accuracy but have a slightly higher computational cost.
A coupled Ericksen/Allen-Cahn model for liquid crystal droplets

Abstract We present a model and discretization that couples the Ericksen model of liquid crystals with variable degree of orientation to the Allen–Cahn equations with a mass constraint. The coupled system models liquid crystal droplets with anisotropic surface tension effects due to the liquid crystal molecular alignment. The total energy consists of the Ericksen energy, phase-field (Allen–Cahn) energy, and a weak anchoring energy that couples the liquid crystal to the diffuse interface. We describe our discretization of the total energy along with a method to compute minimizers via a discrete gradient flow algorithm which has a strictly monotone energy decreasing property. Numerical experiments are given in three dimensions that illustrate a wide variety of droplet shapes that result from their interaction with defects.
Fusion of low atomic number, wall coating materials in high-temperature plasmas

The fusion of common wall coating materials is considered in high-temperature plasmas. The concept is attractive since the detrimental effects of these materials as primary impurities are diminished. It is determined that fusion power densities can be increased by including the impurity reactions for a specified impurity content; however, this increase is more than offset by the corresponding decrease in power density due to primary fuel depletion. It is noted that impurity fusion reactions should be included in fuel cycle analyses since ash isotopes may impact the vacuum pumping technology of the reactor.
Tidal resuspension in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts: II. Seasonal changes in the size distribution of chlorophyll, particle concentration, carbon and nitrogen in resuspended particulate matter

Abstract Seasonal changes in the particle size spectrum of suspended matter in near bottom water of Buzzards Bay was studied by fractional filtration. The greatest fraction of the total particulate organic carbon and particulate organic nitrogen throughout the year was less than 20 μm. The relative independence of the seasonal size distribution of particulate carbon to changes in the chlorophyll, as well as high carbon: nitrogen ratios during winter, suggest that large amounts of detritus are present in Buzzards Bay. Chlorophyll a distribution was dominated by nanoplankton in the spring and summer months when inorganic nutrients were low and zooplankton grazers abundant. The winter and fall phytoplankton blooms were dominated by individual and chain-forming diatoms greater than 53 μm. The dominance of nanoplankton and nanodetritus (
STRUCTURAL INFERENCE ON RELIABILITY IN A LOGNORMAL MODEL

Abstract. The theory of structural inference, as developed by Fraser [10], is based on a group-theoretic approach using invariant Haar measures to Fisher's fiducial theory. Structural inference theory constructs a unique distribution, conditional on the given sample information only, for the parameters of a measurement model. Based on the structural density and distribution function for the reliability function are derived. Consequently, expressions for structural point and interval estimates of the reliability function are developed. Approximations for large sample sizes and/or moderately reliable components are also discussed. An example based on lognormal data is given to illustrate the theory.
Challenges in collaborative scheduling of human-robot teams

National Science Foundation (U.S.). Graduate Research Fellowship Program (grant no. 2388357)
School Nurses on the Front Lines of Health Care: How to Help Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder Navigate a Meltdown in School

Through a presented case scenario, this article describes the assessment and management of behaviors associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the pediatric population, with mnemonics as a memory tool. Although students present mainly to the school nurses' office with physical complaints, there are many mental health concerns in the school-age population with emotional and physical consequences, particularly among students with ASD. Typically considered a developmental disorder, ASD affects communication and behavior with a wide range of symptoms that can vary in severity from person to person. It is important to understand the presentation and management of common pediatric mental health issues at school to be on the front line of your students' health.
Electrical Equivalent Network Modeling of Forearm Tissue Bioimpedance

In this study, an equivalent electric network utilizing a 2R-1C model as the basic unit is proposed to model the impedance of a biological tissue measured using multiple electrode configurations. The proposed model aims to capture the longitudinal and transverse tissue impedance that also factors in the tissue geometry during parameter selection. Electrical impedance measurements collected from 16 electrode configurations of a human subjects forearm were used as reference values during selection of the equivalent electric network parameters. Comparisons between simulations of the equivalent electric network and bioimpedance measurements support that the proposed network model is able to capture the tissue behaviour and impedance change of the forearm in the longitudinal direction.
Menopausal symptoms, physical activity level and quality of life of women living in the Mediterranean region

Introduction The main purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between menopause related discomforts and the quality of life of Lebanese women correlated with the physical activity level, anthropometric, medical, sociodemographic and lifestyle variables, during mid-life. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1113 women, recruited from different Lebanese regions. The Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MENQOL) was used to assess menopause related symptoms. Menopausal status was classified according to the World Health Organization’s definition of menopause. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to evaluate the physical activity level of participants. Anthropometric measurements were taken by the research team. Results Participants were 49.53 ± 5.74 years old and had a mean body mass index of 26.69 ± 5.37 Kg/m2. The highest mean scores of MENQOL were found in the physical and psychosocial domains (p<0.001). Peri-menopausal women had the highest mean scores in the vasomotor, physical and psychosocial domains (p<0.001), while postmenopausal and menopausal women in the sexual domain (p<0.001). Almost half the participants (45.4%) had low physical activity level, which was significantly and inversely correlated with vasomotor, psychosocial, physical and sexual MENQOL subdomains (p<0.001). Menopausal status, educational level, crowding and body mass indexes, marital status, smoking and alcohol intake were among the factors that were significantly associated with the frequency and the severity of menopause related symptoms. Conclusion Physical activity may play a protective role in attenuating climacteric symptoms and hence improve the quality of life of women during mid-life.
The Boston Medical Center Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Procedure Team: Optimizing the surgeon's role in pandemic care at a safety-net hospital.

Abstract Background The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has claimed many lives and strained the US health care system. At Boston Medical Center, a regional safety-net hospital, the Department of Surgery created a dedicated coronavirus disease 2019 Procedure Team to ease the burden on other providers coping with the surge of infected patients. As restrictions on social distancing are lifted, health systems are bracing for additional surges in coronavirus disease 2019 cases. Our objective is to quantify the volume and types of procedures performed, review outcomes, and highlight lessons for other institutions that may need to establish similar teams. Methods Procedures were tracked prospectively along with patient demographics, immediate complications, and time from donning to doffing of the personal protective equipment. Retrospective chart review was conducted to obtain patient outcomes and delayed adverse events. We hypothesized that a dedicated surgeon-led team would perform invasive bedside procedures expeditiously and with few complications. Results From March 30, 2020 to April 30, 2020, there were 1,196 coronavirus disease 2019 admissions. The Procedure Team performed 272 procedures on 125 patients, including placement of 135 arterial catheters, 107 central venous catheters, 25 hemodialysis catheters, and 4 thoracostomy tubes. Specific to central venous access, the average procedural time was 47 minutes, and the rate of immediate complications was 1.5%, including 1 arterial cannulation and 1 pneumothorax. Conclusion Procedural complication rate was less than rates reported in the literature. The team saved approximately 192 hours of work that could be redirected to other patient care needs. In times of crisis, redeployment of surgeons (who arguably have the most procedural experience) into procedural teams is a practical approach to optimize outcomes and preserve resources.
Running with Femoral Acetabular Impingement: Operative Vs Nonoperative Treatment.

A 31-year-old female lawyer presents with right hip pain starting approximately 3 years ago and worsening over the past 2 to 3 months. She is an avid runner, running 20 to 30 miles weekly, and noticed that her pain started after a running program training for the marathon. Her pain is primarily over the lateral aspect of her hip with some radiation into the groin. The pain is made worse with impact exercises such as running and made better with walking and cycling. She has done physical therapy for the past 3 months without any significant improvement. She has not had any injections or taken anti-inflammatories because of a history of gastric ulcer disease. On physical examination she has mild tenderness over her right greater trochanter and her range of motion tests are full in terms of flexion, internal rotation, and external rotation. She has a positive FADIR (flexion-adduction-internal rotation) impingement that causes both groin and lateral hip pain. Radiograph of the right hip revealed preservation of the joint space and an anterior cam lesion with reduced offset at the femoral head neck junction. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the right hip revealed a tear at the anterior superior labrum at the 1 to 2 o'clock position along with subjacent bone marrow edema in the femoral head that is likely reactive. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the right hip confirmed a combined cam and pincer type femoral acetabular impingement of the right hip with overcoverage of the femoral head. There was 15° of femoral anteversion and the coronal lateral center of edge angle (LCEA) is 34°. Dr. Peter Moley argues that a focused rehabilitation program to restore strength and motor control of the deep hip stabilizers will provide optimal functional recovery. Dr. Jakub Tatka argues that right hip arthroscopy with labral repair and possible osteochondralplasty are indicated in order to prevent early hip arthritis and prevent long-term sequela of femoral acetabular impingement.
Exploring of Nurses’ Needs of New Design Intravenous System Device to Support Nursing Care Effectively

Fluid control is important to support the success of therapy in the hospital. The existing features of the device currently do not fully support to ease the work of nurses. It is necessary to explore deeply the nurse’s need for the features of a new device intravenous system. The purpose of this study was to explore the nurse’s need for new design intravenous system devices to support nursing care effectively This was a qualitative study with thematic analysis methods. The participants were 20 nurses in Gotong Royong Hospital Surabaya taken by purposive sampling method. Data were collected by an in-depth interview. The instrument consists of structured questions. The interviews were recorded by a digital recorder. Ethical requirements are completed before data collection. This study found 4 themes consist of the economical price, multi-automatically system, flexible design, and simplicity. The nurse’s needs for a new design intravenous system device was designed more economical than today’s sophisticated device, and have more complete of automatic system, flexible and easy to use. These features match the needs expected by nurses and further assist in carrying out the nursing care process effectively and efficiently.
Learning with Small Data

In the era of big data, data-driven methods have become increasingly popular in various applications, such as image recognition, traffic signal control, fake news detection. The superior performance of these data-driven approaches relies on large-scale labeled training data, which are probably inaccessible in real-world applications, i.e., "small (labeled) data" challenge. Examples include predicting emergent events in a city, detecting emerging fake news, and forecasting the progression of conditions for rare diseases. In most scenarios, people care about these small data cases most and thus improving the learning effectiveness of machine learning algorithms with small labeled data has been a popular research topic. In this tutorial, we will review the trending state-of-the-art machine learning techniques for learning with small (labeled) data. These techniques are organized from two aspects: (1) providing a comprehensive review of recent studies about knowledge generalization, transfer, and sharing, where transfer learning, multi-task learning, and meta-learning are discussed. Particularly, we will focus more on meta-learning, which improves the model generalization ability and has been proven to be an effective approach recently; (2) introducing the cutting-edge techniques which focus on incorporating domain knowledge into machine learning models. Different from model-based knowledge transfer techniques, in real-world applications, domain knowledge (e.g., physical laws) provides us with a new angle to deal with the small data challenge. Specifically, domain knowledge can be used to optimize learning strategies and/or guide the model design. In data mining field, we believe that learning with small data is a trending topic with important social impact, which will attract both researchers and practitioners from academia and industry.
Teaching With Hapkit: Enabling Online Haptics Courses With Hands-On Laboratories

Online learning is an important aspect of higher education today. One-third of college students take at least one course online, and almost 70% of chief academic leaders say that online learning is critical to their long-term strategy [1]. Despite the success and growth of online education, the number of courses that currently offer a hands-on laboratory component is extremely limited, resulting in the lack of an entire category of engineering courses.
Dendritic cell biocompatibility of ether‐based urethane films

The use of synthetic materials for biomedical applications is ever expanding. One of the major requirements for these materials is biocompatibility, which includes prevention of immune system responses. Due to the inherent complexity of their structural composition, the polyurethane (PU) family of polymers is being used in a variety of medical applications, from soft and hard tissue scaffolds to intricate coatings on implantable devices. Herein, we investigated whether two polymer materials, D3 and D7, induced an immune response, measured by their effects on a dendritic cell (DC) line, JAWS II. Using a lactate dehydrogenase cytotoxicity assay and Annexin V/PI staining, we found that the PU materials did not induce cytotoxicity in DC cells. Using confocal microscopy, we also showed that the materials did not induce activation or maturation, as compared to positive controls. This was confirmed by looking at various markers, CD80, CD86, MHC class I, and MHC class II, via flow cytometry. Overall, the results indicated that the investigated PU films are biocompatible in terms of immunotoxicology and immunogenicity and show great promise for use in regenerative medicine.
Preliminary Analysis of Liquid Biopsy after Hepatectomy for Colorectal Liver Metastases.

Background Liquid biopsies are increasingly tested in patients with colorectal cancer to assess tumor burden, response to therapy, and prognosis. The significance of liquid biopsy results after resection of colorectal liver metastases (CLMs) is not well-defined. Study Design Sixty-three patients undergoing CLM resection between 2016 and 2018 had plasma drawn postoperatively for liquid biopsy evaluation. Next-generation sequencing analysis was performed to detect somatic mutations in 70 genes. Results Liquid biopsy after CLM resection was positive in 42 of 63 patients (67%). Eleven patients (18%) had 1 gene mutation, 14 patients (22%) had 2 to 3 mutations, and 17 patients (27%) had 4 or more mutations. The most common mutation was APC, detected in 32 patients (76%), followed by TP53 (74%) and KRAS (38%). Two-year overall survival rate from date of liver resection was significantly worse among patients with a positive liquid biopsy (70% vs 100%; p = 0.005), particularly for those with 4 or more gene mutations detected, whose 2-year overall survival rate was 41%. Sixteen of the 63 patients underwent serial liquid biopsies, resulting in 100 liquid biopsies with matched serum CEA and CT scan results. Metastases were identified in 74 CT scans, which correlated with positive liquid biopsy in 77% of samples (p 3 ng/mL in 45% of samples (p Conclusions Liquid biopsy results provide information about disease burden and prognosis that is complementary to serum CEA and CT imaging. A positive liquid biopsy after CLM resection is associated with worse overall survival, particularly when multiple gene mutations are detected.
Finding functions of phase separation in the presynapse.

Abstract Synapses are the basic units of neuronal communication. Understanding how synapses assemble and function is therefore essential to understanding nervous systems. Decades of study have identified many molecular components and functional mechanisms of synapses. Recently, an additional level of synaptic protein organization has been identified: phase separation. In the presynapse, components of the central active zone and a synaptic vesicle-clustering factor have been shown to form liquid–liquid phase-separated condensates or hydrogels. New in vivo functional studies have directly tested how phase separation impacts both synapse formation and function. Here, we review this emerging evidence for in vivo functional roles of phase separation at the presynapse and discuss future functional studies necessary to understand its complexity.
Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate for the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review:

Background:Bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) has emerged as a therapeutic option for symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA).Purpose:To systematically review the literature to evaluate the effic...