cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
N2O emission rates in a California meadow soil are influenced by fertilizer level, soil moisture and the community structure of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria

The response of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emission rates and β-proteobacterial ammonia-oxidizing (AOB) communities to manipulations of temperature, soil moisture and nitrogenous fertilizer concentration were studied for 16-20 weeks in a multifactorial laboratory experiment using a California meadow soil. Interactions among these three environmental factors influenced the N 2 O emission rates, and two patterns of N 2 O emission rates due to nitrification (NitN 2 O) were observed. First, in soils receiving low or moderate amounts of fertilizer, the rates decreased sharply in response to increasing soil moisture and temperature. Second, in soils receiving high amounts of fertilizer, the rates were influenced by an interaction between soil moisture and temperature, such that at 20 C increasing soil moisture resulted in an increase in the rates, and at 30 °C the highest rate was observed at moderate soil moisture. We used path analysis to identify the interrelationships that best explain these two patterns. Path analysis revealed that in the high fertilizer (HF) treatment, the major path by which ammonia influenced NitN 2 O rates was indirect through an influence on the abundance of one particular phylogenetic group (AOB 'cluster 10'). In contrast, in the low and moderate fertilizer treatments soil moisture influenced the rates both directly (the major path) and indirectly through AOB community structure. Although terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis revealed shifts in the community structure of AOB in all treatments, the shifts at HF concentrations were particularly striking, with dominance by three different phylogenetic groups under different combinations of the three environmental factors. The high emission rates observed at the lowest soil moistures suggest that bacterial nitrifiers may use denitrification as a stress response.
Contributors to Self-Perceived Competence, Satisfaction, Investment, and Role Balance in Maternal Parenting: A Multivariate Ecological Analysis

Objective. This study employed an ecological framework to examine the roles of multiple contributors to variations in key maternal perceptions of their own parenting. Design. Maternal socioeconomic status (SES), employment, and parenting support; child gender, language, social competence, and temperament; and maternal intelligence, personality, and parenting knowledge and style were explored in separate predictions of self-perceived competence, satisfaction, investment, and role balance in 234 European American mothers of firstborn, 20-month-old children. Results. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated highly differentiated patterns of unique predictive relations to each domain of self-perceived parenting. Nonetheless, some predictors consistently contributed to individual parenting self-perceptions, most prominently, parenting knowledge and dissonance between actual and ideal maternal and paternal parenting styles. SES, maternal employment, community support, and maternal personality also contributed...
Digital Storytelling: A New Player on the Narrative Field

Digital stories add a multimedia dimension to narrative. The authors highlight some of the most promising features of digital storytelling for adult learning.
Effect of feeding frequency and feeding time on growth of Penaeus vannamei (Boone)

Abstract. An intensive growth trial conducted In pens in an earthen pond indicated that growth of Penaeus vannamei (Boone) increased with feeding frequency and suggested that day feedings produce greater growth than night feedings. The differences in growth due to feeding frequency were significant, instantaneous growth rates (IGR) increasing from 1·62% to 1·66% to 1·71%/day as the number of feedings increased from one to two to four per 24 h. Comparison of the IGR of shrimp fed at night (1·64%/day) to that of shrimp fed during the day (1·68%/day) suggested (P= 0·0633) that growth was greater for shrimp given day feedings than for shrimp given night feedings. Survival of shrimp was not significantly different due to feeding frequency or due to time of feeding and averaged 74·7 ± 6·1%. Results indicate that P. vannamei cultured under conditions similar to those tested should be fed a minimum of four times daily and suggest that feeding during the day is at least as good as and may be preferable to feeding at night.
Development of an in-situ curemeter

Abstract An in-situ curemeter has been developed to follow the cure of thick articles during molding, by measuring continuously the dynamic mechanical properties (shear modulus and loss angle). It is a small-scale version of the Oscillating Disk Rheometer, designed to operate through the mold wall. An approximate theoretical treatment has been developed to relate the observed torque and loss angle to the dynamic properties of the rubber compound. Experiments were carried out with both unfilled and carbon-black-filled natural rubber compounds. Cure times measured by the curemeter were about the same as those obtained with the Oscillating Disk Rheometer. Modulus values inferred from the measured torques were compared with directly-measured values obtained from load-deflection curves for fully-cured specimens. Good agreement was found.
"They sing our origins": a study of the lungsi drummers of Mampurugu

The lungsi are a specialized segment of the Mamprusi population who serve as chroniclers of the past and recorders of the present. The unbroken historical narrative and royal genealogy which they retain and recite explain the origins of Mampurugu and serve as an ideological charter of the present political establishment on all levels. As such, these professionals are vital to the continuity of the traditional social and political system. The continuity of the traditions is directly linked to a reliable supply of these traditionists.
Patterns of Activity, Flocking, and Habitat Use in Parrots of the Peruvian Amazon

We explored patterns of flight activity, flocking, and habitat use in a diverse community of parrots in an Amazonian lowland forest. Parrots were most active just after sunrise with a second peak of flight activity following a mid-day lull. Brotogeris spp. were exceptional, being most active in the early afternoon. Among the nine genera studied, we observed marked differences in where the birds flew relative to the canopy. Body size was a poor predictor of flight height, although it was strongly and inversely correlated with flock size. Most parrot species flew in groups of one to four individuals, suggesting that mated pairs are stable and that family groups remain together post-fledging. Flocks were exclusively monospecific except when the birds were foraging in trees or eating soil at clay licks. These forest-dwelling parrots did not show dramatic increases in flock size in the evening, reflecting the lack of communal and multispecies roosting observed in other parrots. Generally, the large- and mid-sized species of parrots were associated with high-ground forest, whereas smaller species favored transitional forest. Because daily ranging patterns for these parrots potentially include all habitats, these patterns of habitat use suggest selection for subtle differences among forest types. As expected, smaller species were less detectable at a distance than large species. Comparisons of size and detectability indicate that macaws can be reliably counted to a distance of 300 m, but 100 m may be more appropriate for the smaller and low-flying genera. In sum, we found that observing parrots from the canopy is a useful method for quantifying parrot activities in a closed-canopy system, and that these forest-dwelling parrots are markedly less social than their counterparts on islands and in more open habitats. Patterns of flight behavior, habitat preferences, and the body size to flock size relationship invite further studies on the roles of predation and resource availability in the structuring of parrot communities.
The IPS supported employment learning collaborative.

Objective Learning collaboratives aim to improve the quality and outcomes of health care. This paper updates the Johnson & Johnson-Dartmouth Community Mental Health Program, a 12-year learning collaborative on supported employment for people with mental illness. Methods We gathered data from quarterly employment reports, monthly Individual Placement and Support (IPS) meetings, and presentations at the 2013 annual meeting of the learning collaborative. Results The number of participant states or regions (and sites within these jurisdictions) was expanded to 16 jurisdictions in the United States and 3 in European countries. The quarterly rate of competitive employment has averaged 43% over 11 years in the U.S. sites. The collaborative has spawned numerous interactions, trainings, innovations, and research projects. Conclusions and implications for practice Long-term learning collaboratives can produce high quality services, good outcomes, sustainability, and innovation.
Migration and Development

The relationship between migration and development has been described as an unsettled one to emphasize the uncertainty of researchers over how fast economic growdi can reduce emigration.2 History teaches that devel? opment will ultimately reduce emigration which results from the search of better jobs and wages, but since development processes often span decades, international institutions established to promote economic growth that have recently been asked to "do something" about international migration are asking what steps they can take to minimize unwanted migration. A June 1992 symposium brought together migration researchers and World Bank project managers to discuss the causes and consequences of migration to Western Europe from North Africa, the Middle East, south? eastern Europe, and Eastern Europe. The meeting was meant to sensitize World Bank staff to the importance of the migration issue. It was hoped diat a better understanding of migration patterns and problems might produce adjustments in World Bank macro economic and sectoral policies and programs that perhaps unintentionally stimulate migration. The symposium raised more questions than provided answers. It demon? strated once again the limitations of incorporating migration into the relatively simple economic and financial framework used to assess the viability of proposed physical and human resource projects in developing countries. The World Bank asked for answers to basic questions: should emigration from developing countries be encouraged or discouraged; how do particular projects?from financing road construction to reforming school systems?affect emigration pressures; and how can remittances be used most effectively to promote stay-at-home development?
Minoritarian Francophonie – The Case of Israel, with Special Reference to the Palestinian Territories

Cet article examine le statut minoritaire de l'identite d'un groupe non-ethnique en Israel : les Francophones. Le statut de minorite non-ethnique est particulierement interessant car il represente une categorie non-attribuee et spontanee d'identite de groupe. Apres avoir etudie la nature non-ethnique et non-attribuee de la francophonie en Israel, l'A. argumente que cette francophonie, pratiquee au sein d'une intelligentsia peu nombreuse mais determinee, se presente comme un complement ideologique au zionisme. En tant que tel, elle sert de double reference : d'un cote, elle permet, a travers l'utilisation d'un langage commun, une diminution des clivages religieux-seculaires qui mettent en danger l'unite de l'Etat israelien, et de l'autre, elle reproduit une plus grande competition mondiale entre les visions anglo-saxonne et gauloise de l'hegemonie culturelle
Repair of chromatin damage in glutathione-depleted V-79 cells: comparison of oxic and hypoxic conditions.

XUE, L. Y., FRIEDMAN, L. R., AND OLEINICK, N. L. Repair of Chromatin Damage in Glutathione-Depleted V-79 Cells: Comparison of Oxic and Hypoxic Conditions. Radiat. Res. 116, 8999(1988). We have assessed the effects of two radiomodifying conditions, glutathione (GSH) depletion and hypoxia, on the formation and repair of radiation-induced chromatin damage, specifically DNA-protein cross-links (DPC). As measured by a nitrocellulose filter-binding assay, untreated V79 cells contain a low level of DPC (1-1.5% of the cellular DNA). The background level of DPC is elevated in cells treated with L-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), in hypoxic cells, and in cells treated with BSO and made hypoxic (2.98%, 2.82%, and 7.71%, respectively). The dose response for production of radiation-induced DPC is approximately 6.0% DNA bound per 100 Gy for cells irradiated in air, and the dose response is not significantly different for BSO-treated cells but increases by a factor of about 1.4 for hypoxic cells and 1.7 for BSO-pretreated hypoxic cells. DPC were also assayed by alkaline elution with or without proteinase K treatment. By this analysis, the yield of DPC appears to be elevated in irradiated hypoxic and irradiated GSHdepleted cells. It is not possible to assay for background DPC alone in unirradiated cells by alkaline elution. Cells not exposed to BSO repair 70-80% of the radiation-induced DPC in 4 h. BSO-treated cells are considerably less efficient in repair ofDPC. As analyzed by alkaline elution, GSH depletion had little or no effect on the yield of radiation-induced single-strand breaks (SSB) but slowed their repair. The data suggest that depletion of GSH impairs an enzyme system(s) responsible for the turnover of both background and radiation-induced DPC and that hypoxia elevates both the background level of DPC and the ratio of radiation-induced DPC to SSB.
Polymer electrical bistable device and memory cells

Electrical bistable states with the conductivity different by more than four orders in magnitude were observed in a polymer film sandwiched between two metal electrodes. This polymer film was composed of gold nanoparticles, 8-hydroxyquinoline and polystyrene, and was formed by a solution process. The film can be programmed between the two electrical states by an electric field. The as-prepared device, which was in a low conductivity state, exhibited an abrupt increase of current when the device was scanned up to 2.8 volt (V). The high conductivity state can be returned to the low conductivity state at a voltage of –1.8 V in the reverse direction. The device has a good stability in both the states. The transitions are nonvolatile, and the transition from the low to the high conductivity state takes place in nanoseconds, so that the device can be used as a low-cost, high-density, high-speed, and nonvolatile memory. The switching mechanism was studied by investigating the current-voltage characteristics, the temperature dependence of the current, the surface potential atomic force microscopy and the energy levels of the materials. The electronic transition is attributed to the electric-field induced charge transfer between the gold nanoparticles and 8-hydroxyquinoline molecules.
Analysis on lung cancer mortality and epidemic trends among residents at Dachang district during 2000～2005

Objective: To investigate the characteristics and dynamic change of lung cancer mortality among residents at Dachang district.Methods: Based on the International Classification of Diseases(ICD),lung cancer incidence,standardized incidence,PYLL and WPYLL of lung cancer among residents of the Dachang district during 2000～2005 were calculated with epidemiological method.Results: It was found that mortality of lung cancer among residents at Dachang district during 2000～2005 increased with ascending of age;the crude mortality was 37.63/100 000 and the standardized incidence was 39.18/100 000,and it ranked as the second largest one of all cancers' death.More over,the mortality of lung cancer was significantly higher in males than in females.The PYLL was 3.39‰ and WPYLL was 1.42‰.Conclusion: It suggested that lung cancer should be addressed for cancers' prevention and treatment at Dachang district;meanwhile dynamic surveillance and comprehensive measures prevention should be strengthened for controlling of lung cancer.
Precipitable tissue proteins can cause experimental acute renal failure.

UNLABELLED A previous investigation demonstrated that intravenous infusion of a saline-liver extract into rats causes acute renal failure (ARF), manifested by severe azotemia, extensive cast formation, and patchy tubular necrosis. The purpose of the present study was to explore its pathogenesis. Histologic assessments of rat kidneys made 1.5 hours after liver extract infusion demonstrated eosinophilic material within glomerular capillaries, Bowman's space, and proximal tubular lumina, distal nephron cast formation, and tubular dilation without evidence of tubular necrosis. Renal blood flow at this time was normal but the rats were anuric. Assessments made 24 hours after liver extract infusion demonstrated persisting ARF (blood urea nitrogen, 132 +/- 8; creatinine, 2.54 +/- 0.19 mg/dl), profound cast deposition almost exclusively in the inner medulla/papilla, and the appearance of patchy proximal tubular necrosis. Sephacryl S200 fractionation and 10% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of liver extract showed high and low molecular weight proteins (less than 30,000). Proteins in both regions demonstrated prominent acid precipitability (pH 4.5) and autoaggregation (at 37 degrees C). Trace amounts of spontaneously precipitated protein recovered from urine during liver extract infusion demonstrated a predominance of low molecular weight proteins by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Infusing rats with filterable low molecular weight proteins (cytochrome c, ribonuclease, myoglobin) without autoaggregation/acid precipitation characteristics or liver extract made devoid of precipitable proteins failed to induce ARF. However, infusing a kidney extract containing acid precipitating/autoaggregating proteins caused inner medullary/papillary cast formation and ARF. CONCLUSION normal parenchymal tissues contain proteins which can undergo glomerular filtration and which can spontaneously aggregate under conditions which exist in the distal nephron. If released into the circulation, or if shed from tubular cells into lumina after nephrotoxic or ischemic renal injury, they could help to induce intratubular obstruction and ARF.
Left Atrial Myxomectomy with Intraoperative Severe Mitral Regurgitation and Complicated Postoperative Course - Case Report.

Primary cardiac tumors are a rare occurrence with myxomas accounting for about half of the benign tumors. Once diagnosed, surgical resection is the standard of care. Our case describes a female in her 50s who underwent a myxoma resection under cardiopulmonary bypass via biatrial approach. Intraoperatively, the thin septal crux between the wall of the aorta and mitral valve was damaged during resection, requiring stem cell tissue matrix for repair. The patient also developed severe mitral regurgitation suggesting infarct to the left coronary system during resection, subsequently receiving a mechanical mitral valve and a saphenous vein bypass graft. Postoperatively, she developed atrial fibrillation with a left atrial appendage thrombus, heart failure with an ejection fraction of 30%–35%, and a transient ischemic attack. In conclusion, it is important for the clinician to appreciate the possible complications of resection peri and postoperatively.
Suppression of Root-Knot Nematode by Vermicompost Tea Prepared From Different Curing Ages of Vermicompost

Suppression of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) by vermicompost tea (VCT) has been inconsistent. Greenhouse and laboratory trials were conducted to compare the effects of VCT prepared from different curing ages of vermicompost (VC) on root penetration, reproduction, and hatching of M. incognita. In the penetration experiment, zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) seedlings were drenched with VCT prepared from (i) uncured (UVC), (ii) partially cured (PVC), (iii) completely cured (CVC) vermicompost, and (iv) water or no vermicompost (NVC) 3 days prior to M. incognita inoculation. The experiment was repeated twice on cucumber (Cucumis sativus) and terminated one week after nematode inoculation. All three trials showed that UVC and PVC reduced (P ≤ 0.05) penetration of M. incognita compared with CVC and NVC. Two greenhouse trials showed that VCT from different curing ages of VC did not reduce the abundance of M. incognita juveniles in soil and eggs in roots 2.5 months after nematode inoculation. Two laboratory tria...
Constitutional Puzzles and (Neuro) Technological Changes

This chapter explains why neuroimaging raises constitutional puzzles, even where constitutional rules at first seem clear. The Fifth Amendment bars compelled self-incrimination and one might assume that would prevent police from circumventing this limit by obtaining evidence of mental states some other way. The Fourth Amendment would almost certain classify neuroimaging as a search, and thus subject it to constitutional limits. However, both of the implications of these provisions are unclear: They seem to leave police with plenty of room to gather physical evidence of various kinds – and there are certain respects in which neuroimaging evidence resembles such physical evidence (as the chapter illustrates with the help of a hypothetical crime investigation). The chapter points to a way ahead and also argues that while the First Amendment isn’t generally considered a kind of privacy protection, its freedom of thought protection may be a key part of solving these puzzles.
Research Article: Show Me: Engaging Citizens in Planning for Shale Gas Development

Shale gas development brings substantial and long-term change to rural landscapes, change that most citizens recognize by what they see—heavier traffic on the highway, pipeline right-of-ways at the skyline, and what they experience as a result of lost forest cover—fewer songbirds at the feeder, cloudier streams when it rains. This paper focuses on facilitating citizens' ability to participate in the design and planning of large-scale changes to the landscape. In the absence of clear federal or state oversight, the leasing choices of individual citizen landowners and the gas industry are the land planning instruments affecting shale gas development. For citizen landowners, the visual consequences of change may be key to determining what is acceptable or unacceptable development. In a series of studies, the authors projected the areal land-use change resulting from access roads and pipelines that would be needed to support projections of gas development in North-eastern Pennsylvania. The authors identified ...
Detecting protein ADP-ribosylation using a clickable aminooxy probe

ADP-ribosylation, a posttranslational modification catalyzed by a family of enzymes known as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs, 17 in humans), regulates diverse cellular processes. To aid in understanding the functions of ADP-ribosylation in cells, we developed a clickable aminooxy probe, AO-alkyne, which detects ADP-ribosylation of acidic amino acids. AO-alkyne can be used to detect auto-ADP-ribosylation of PARP10 in cells following Cu-catalyzed click conjugation to an azide reporter. This method can be extended to other PARP family members that catalyze ADP-ribosylation on acidic amino acids, providing a convenient and direct readout of PARP activity in cells.
Internet Searches for Suicide Following the Release of 13 Reasons Why

This quasiexperimental examination of internet search results determines that the Netflix series 13 Reasons Why has both increased suicide awareness while unintentionally increasing suicidal ideation.
Parents’ Use of the V-Chip and Perceptions of Television Ratings: The Role of Family Characteristics and the Home Media Environment

Nearly 20 years after the Telecommunications Act of 1996, it is unclear how its mandates influence current parents’ mediation behavior. Parents of 2- to 17-year-old children (N = 1,431) were surveyed about their awareness and perceptions of the TV ratings system and use of the V-chip. Most (81%) parents knew about the ratings system and found it to be only “somewhat useful.” Only 16% of those parents had ever used the V-chip. Ratings awareness and perceptions and V-chip use varied with family characteristics. Policymakers should revisit how to provide better tools for mediating children’s viewing in this new information age.
A Model for Fatigue Strength Degradation Including Temperature Effect

A general statistical model that includes the interaction of applied stress, number of fatigue cycles and temperature is developed to analyze the fatigue degradation of composites. It is verified experimentally using fatigue data at room and liquid nitrogen temperatures for three different composites, e.g. cloth glass/epoxy, unidirectional glass/polyester and glass/polyester laminates. This model is useful in calculating the cyclic strength degradation curve at any desired temperature from static strength test results at this temperature and both static and fatigue results at room temperature.
Matrix Isolation Spectroscopy: Aqueous p-Toluenesulfonic Acid Solvation.

Interaction between p-toluenesulfonic acid (pTSA) and water is studied at −20 °C in a CCl4 matrix. In CCl4 water exists as monomers with restricted rotational motion about its symmetry axis. Additionally, CCl4 is transparent in the hydrogen-bonded region; CCl4 thus constitutes an excellent ambient thermal energy matrix isolation medium for diagnosing interactions with water. Introducing pTSA-nH2O gives rise to two narrow resonances at 3642 cm–1 and at 2835 cm–1 plus a broad 3000–3550 cm–1 absorption. In addition, negative monomer symmetric and asymmetric stretch features relative to nominally dry CCl4 indicate that fewer water monomers exist in the cooled (−20 °C) acid solution than in room-temperature anhydrous CCl4. The negative peaks along with the broad absorption band indicate that water monomers are incorporated into clusters. The 3642 cm–1 resonance is assigned to the OH-π interaction with a cluster containing many water molecules per acid molecule. The 2835 cm–1 resonance is assigned to the (S-)O–...
An effective artificial oviposition substrate for Pectinophora gossypiella

Resistance management of Pectinophora gossypiella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) includes collection of larvae from fields, rearing to F1 generations under laboratory conditions, and evaluation against pesticides or Bt toxins. A critical step in its mass rearing is the availability of oviposition substrates suitable to produce sufficient neonates to generate robust bioassay data. This study demonstrates the suitability of an artificial oviposition substrate and minimizes the dependency on natural substrates which incurs cost and labor in maintenance of cotton plants.
A temporal analysis of seasonal start dates across 25 urban environments in the eastern United States

This research examines changes to seasonal start dates (1948–2015) across urban locations in the eastern United States. For 25 cities, percentile-specific thresholds of temperature (Ta) and apparen...
Optimal Instance Adaptive Algorithm for the Top- $K$ Ranking Problem

Motivated by applications in recommender systems, web search, social choice, and crowdsourcing, we consider the problem of identifying the set of top $K$ items from noisy pairwise comparisons. In our setting, we are given $r$ pairwise comparisons between each pair of $n$ items, where each comparison has noise constrained by a very general noise model called the strong stochastic transitivity model. Our goal is to provide an optimal instance adaptive algorithm for the top- $K$ ranking problem. In particular, we present a linear time algorithm that has a competitive ratio of $\tilde {O}(\sqrt {n})$ 1 ; i.e., to solve any instance of top- $K$ ranking, our algorithm needs at most $\tilde {O}(\sqrt {n})$ times as many samples needed as the best possible algorithm for that instance [in contrast, all previous known algorithms for the top- $K$ problem have competitive ratios of $\tilde {\Omega }(n)$ or worse]. We further show that this is tight (up to polylogarithmic factors): any algorithm for the top- $K$ problem has competitive ratio of at least $\tilde {\Omega }(\sqrt {n})$ . 1 We use $\tilde {O}$ and $\tilde {\Omega }$ notation to hide polylogarithmic factors.
The Importance of Metal Oxides on the Reaction Between Oxygen and Tritium on Stainless Steel

AbstractTo evaluate tritium oxidation as a means of converting permeating tritium to tritiated water on stainless steel, two series of experiments were done in which the tritiated water yield was determined. The first examined the effect of a reduced tritium permeation rate; the second examined the effect of the presence of different metal oxides. A reduced tritium permeation rate reduced the yield of tritiated water. The presence of Fe3O4 resulted in an increased tritiated water yield, >99% at 500 ppm oxygen. The Fe3O4 was the iron species on a metal oxide composed of large islands, heavily enriched in iron, uniformly scattered across a fine surface oxide that was enriched in chromium.
The Trilemma of Promoting Economic Justice at War’s End

Should transitional justice mechanisms be informed by agendas of economic justice and, if so, what should the state’s role be in forwarding those agendas? There is a growing consensus within the international community that the larger peacebuilding project, as well as the sub-project of transitional justice, are not sustainable enterprises in the absence of strong national institutions. Hence, an interest in “statebuilding,” without which policy goals like economic liberalization and democratization might have perverse effects. But among the many contradictions inherent in the statebuilding process is the possibility that the state you have helped to build may exercise its growing sovereignty by enacting policies that do not seem supportive of political or economic liberalization—the very policy goals that convinced the international community to support statebuilding in the first place. Providing intellectual scaffolding for engaging these questions, this chapter contends that post-conflict and transitional countries face a policy trilemma that threatens their sovereignty—sovereignty that is ultimately important for ensuring a measure of economic justice in the post-conflict context. After reviewing a selection of key findings from the conflict economics literature yielding relevant suggestions for economic and development agendas in transitional societies, this chapter argues that transitional justice must be better integrated into the formulation and implementation of post-conflict development policy. It concludes with the suggestion that transitional justice mechanisms involve forms of democratic engagement that could procedurally improve national economic sovereignty, internal cohesion, and stability in a post-conflict country.
Abstract WP258: Unique Properties Associated With the Iron Chelator HBED Reveal Remarkable Beneficial Effect After Brain Trauma

Introduction: Iron is postulated to contribute to secondary injury after brain trauma through many pathways. Iron participates in the oxidative stress and inflammation processes. The N,N’-Bis(2-hyd...
Predictive Coding and Control

This paper deals with feedback control over a single fixed-rate channel using predictive coding at the transmitter side. The central thrust is to demonstrate that optimal control based on predictive coding plus fixed memoryless quantization at the transmitter, designed to improve the efficiency of the channel usage and exemplified (or perhaps extremized) by the transmission of the quantized innovations signal, in general, requires the construction of the joint density of both the plant and predictor states at the receiver side and inherits a plant stability requirement, which is examined. The Bayesian filter is developed. This recursive filter's state density is used to compute the optimal feedback control. This is in contrast to the less complicated propagation solely of the predictor state, which would suffice in the linear quadratic optimal control problem—a feature that is elucidated. A linear nonquadratic optimal control example is provided to illustrate the approach and its benefits over control based on the recovered predictor state density or control without predictive coding. In each of these competing cases, a lower complexity receiver architecture is possible but at the expense of closed-loop control performance.
Huge multiple spinal extradural meningeal cysts in infancy

Multiple spinal extradural meningeal cysts (SEMCs) are rare lesions. SEMCs communicate with the subarachnoid space through multiple dural defects and expand into the extradural space with progressive spinal cord compression. We report a 5-month-old boy with hydronephrosis involving nine huge SEMCs that were distributed from the T1–L5 levels. Eight SEMCs, except for one small noncommunicating cyst, were exposed through laminoplastic laminotomy at the T10–L5 and T3–5 levels. Five transdural communications with dural defects were packed with a piece of autologous muscle and fibrin glue. Tenting sutures to lift up the dura to the vertebral arch were added to minimize the extradural dead space. Postoperatively, cord compression was relieved and hydronephrosis improved. In conclusion, packing of all dural defects and dural tenting sutures at a one-staged operation is useful in the surgical management of huge and multiple SEMCs in infancy.
Are We Comparing Apples and Oranges? Exploring Trauma Experienced by Victims of Interpersonal Violence and Abuse and by Court-Involved Women Who Have Used Force in Relationships:

Due to the enactment of mandatory and proarrest policies, there has been a sharp increase in the number of women arrested for use of force against an intimate partner. Many of these arrested women are also victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) and experience high levels of trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Our study explores experiences of two groups: 80 women who self-refer into survivor groups or individual counseling sessions facilitated by a trained counselor and 86 court-involved women who have been arrested on an IPV/abuse (IPV/A)-related charge and (in lieu of more substantial punishment) participate in an intervention/treatment program. The current research asks, "What do trauma measures tell us about women who voluntarily seek IPV/A victim support groups and about women court-mandated to a treatment program?" Using measures of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), post-trauma distress, and danger assessments, we explore these two groups. Our findings demonstrate that within the three measures used, women who voluntarily sought victim counseling services had a higher mean compared with women arrested for use of force against an intimate partner. Yet, both groups are significantly different from the general population in terms of having experienced significant trauma. Both groups of women report significantly higher levels of ACEs, post-trauma distress, and danger assessments compared with the general population, indicating that women who experience IPV/A or women who use force in relationships may share more similarities than differences. In addition, we explore the ways in which different relationship characteristics and treatment trajectories might help explain the differences present between these two groups of women. We conclude with a discussion of policy and treatment implications.
SWIPT in Cell-Free Massive MIMO

In this paper, the performance of simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) for training-based cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is investigated. The key idea is to simultaneously transmit information and power via a larger number of spatially-distributed single antenna access points (APs) towards geographically-distributed single-antenna information&#x002F;energy users. The APs are connected to a central processing unit via a backhaul network and perform conjugate beamforming precoding in downlink (DL) and matched filtering decoding in uplink (UL). The achievable harvested energy and the achievable DL&#x002F;UL rates are derived in closed-form. Thereby, the DL&#x002F;UL energy-rate trade-offs are quantified. Our analysis reveals that cell-free massive MIMO can boost the performance of SWIPT by leveraging the benefits of distributed transmission&#x002F;reception with large number of APs.
Super-convergence of reproducing kernel approximation

Abstract The reproducing kernel particle methods (RKPM) are meshfree methods arising in mechanics, especially in dealing with problems involving large deformation and singularities. We provide a theoretical analysis of super-convergence in Sobolev norms for reproducing kernel (RK) approximations when the interpolation order p is even. Super-convergence phenomenon means the convergence rate is higher than the order that is generally expected. We distinguish the continuous RK approximation and the discrete RKP approximation. While the continuous RK approximations are proven to be super-convergent when p is even, its discrete counterpart has super-convergence only with uniform particle distribution and special choices of RK kernel functions and support sizes. Moreover, super-convergence does not exist for the discrete RKP approximation with general RK support sizes. The concept of pseudo-super-convergence is then introduced to explain why in practice the super-convergence phenomenon is sometimes observed for general cases although in theory it is not true. Our analysis is general for multi-dimensional RK approximations.
Understanding parents’ view on US higher education marketing communication

In this study, we conducted in-depth interviews with 29 parents of prospective college students, a target public of university marketing efforts. We explored how university communication influenced parents’ attitudes, and reputation perception. The research findings are significant in understanding parents’ views on responding to prevalent university marketing communication campaigns. It was noted that parents internalized financial language enough to describe their college selection process as if they were purchasing consumer goods instead of selecting their children’s educational institution. However, once they passed the initial cost analysis stage, parents highlighted the institutional culture as one of the most critical dimensions of university reputation, meanwhile expressing great skepticism on university’s promotional efforts such as paid advertising. Additionally, parents expressed that personal or peer experience of universities heavily influenced their decision as the time to choose a college neared. Lastly, this study shows that a university’s strong organizational identity and culture communicated through the internal stakeholders’ experience can significantly influence prospective parents’ favorable cognitive and behavioral intentions.
Reframing development and accountability: the influence of sovereign credit ratings on policy making in developing countries

At a time of increased financial volatility, understanding 'development' requires that we trace spheres of accountability in order to detect the consequences of shifts in power structures from the public to the private sectors, especially. By focusing on the business of sovereign credit ratings, I argue that ratings have been particularly influential in this context not only because of their function as a benchmark for private investment, but because they now also enter into the calculations of policy makers in developing countries who are increasingly compelled to implement policies that reduce their countries' sovereign risk at possibly high costs for sustained economic growth. I explain that governments' eagerness to signal their potential as reliable capital recipients allows for credit ratings to become a powerful site of governance. This outcome is not justified by the quality of rating agencies' output, but by the subjective power of the notion of risk in a crisis prone environment that shifts accountabilitythrough this disproportional influence of credit rating agencies-from the public to the private realm. The Argentine crisis of 2001 is presented here as a case study that illustrates these dynamics. International Relations (IR) theory has long neglected development from its premises, and hence has often restricted the analysis of the political economy of developing countries mostly to the level of mere illustrative exemplification. By calling our attention to non-state actors as crucially important units of analysis in the (IR) framework, the recent theoretical literature on globalisation has allowed for an understanding of shifts in power structures from the state to the non-state realms. However, in the context of development, an even more revealing step is to move beyond the recognition of these power shifts or, as Rosenau calls them, changes in 'spheres of authority', to an understanding of the consequences of this process. This is especially significant where it concerns the ways in which private economic agents have gathered strategic power to hold developing countries' government accountable for not following a policy path favoured by financial markets. Hence I contend that, for development to be Giselle Datz is at the Center for Global Change and Governance, Rutgers University, 123 Washington Street, Suite 510, Newark, NJ 07102-1895, USA. Email: gdatz@pegasus.rutgers.edu. ISSN 0143-6597 prinv/ISSN 1360-2241 onlinefO4fO2O3O3-16 ? 2004 Third World Quarterly DOT: 10.1080/0143659042000174824 303 This content downloaded from 157.55.39.78 on Thu, 23 Jun 2016 06:14:18 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms
Effect of microwave-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis of cricket (Gryllodes sigillatus) protein on ACE and DPP-IV inhibition and tropomyosin-IgG binding

Abstract Techniques, such as microwave-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis, provide options to generate insect-bioactive peptides. However, allergenicity of these novel bioactive peptides remains a concern. Cricket protein was enzymatically hydrolyzed using conventional heating or microwave radiation. Protein hydrolysates were evaluated for DPP-IV and ACE inhibition activity, and tropomyosin-IgG reactivity (a major cricket allergen). ACE and DPP-IV inhibition was highest in the microwave-hydrolyzed protein (IC50 = 0.096 mg/ml and 0.27 mg/ml, respectively). All samples displayed tropomyosin-IgG reactivity; however, the lowest binding was obtained with the microwave-hydrolyzed protein. Raman spectroscopy revealed conformational changes, particularly in the Amide I and S-S regions, which may correlate to the observations in the immunochemical reactivity. In conclusion, microwave-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis can be a useful method for generating bioactive peptides from insect proteins and lowering their immunoreactivity, validating the potential of these treatments to generate bioactive, hypoallergenic peptides for food and pharmaceutical applications.
Circulation Dynamics and Seasonal Variability for the Charlotte Harbor Estuary, Southwest Florida Coast

ABSTRACT Dye, B.; Jose, F., and Allahdadi, M.N., 2020. Circulation dynamics and seasonal variability for the Charlotte Harbor Estuary, Southwest Florida coast. Journal of Coastal Research, 36(2), 2...
Phase I study of the 177Lu-DOTA0-Tyr3-Octreotate (lutathera) in combination with nivolumab in patients with neuroendocrine tumors of the lung.

Background Lutathera is a 177Lutetium-labeled somatostatin analog approved for the treatment of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Somatostatin receptors are expressed in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Nivolumab, an anti-PD-1 antibody, may act synergistically with lutathera to generate antitumor immunity. We conducted a phase I study of lutathera plus nivolumab in patients with advanced NETs of the lung. Methods Patients with relapsed/refractory extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC), non-progressing ES-SCLC after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy, or advanced grade I-II pulmonary NETs were eligible. The primary objective was to determine the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D). The phase I portion followed a standard 3+3 design, assessing two dose levels (dose level 1: lutathera 3.7 GBq every 8 weeks for four doses with nivolumab 240 mg every 2 weeks; dose level 2: lutathera 7.4 GBq every 8 weeks for four doses with nivolumab 240 mg every 2 weeks). Results Nine patients were enrolled (six ES-SCLC, two pulmonary atypical carcinoid, one high-grade pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma). No dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were observed at dose level 1. At dose level 2, one patient with refractory ES-SCLC developed a DLT (grade 3 rash). The most common treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were lymphopenia (n=7), thrombocytopenia (n=4), anemia (n=3), and nausea (n=3). The most common grade 3 TRAE was lymphopenia (n=4). Among the seven patients with measurable disease, one patient with ES-SCLC had a partial response. Two patients with pulmonary atypical carcinoid had stable disease lasting 6 months. The RP2D was dose level 2. Conclusions Lutathera plus nivolumab was well tolerated and showed signs of antitumor activity. This combination warrants further exploration. Trial registration number NCT03325816
AB1207 EFFECT ON DIET MODIFICATION ON GOUT AND METABOLIC SYNDROME RISK FACTORS

Background: Gout is the most prevalent inflammatory arthritis globally. Despite treatment advances, the prevalence of gout has continued to increase over the last several decades. There has also been increasing evidence that gout has a strong association with the metabolic syndrome. This indicates that gout is likely both an inflammatory and a metabolic disease that has a significant effect on quality of life and healthcare costs. Although current recommendations support aggressive medical therapy for gout treatment, dietary counseling is less emphasized. We hypothesize that emphasis on this nonpharmacological therapy will likely improve management and the metabolic syndrome in gout patients. Objectives: To analyze the effectiveness of dietary counseling on gout management and risk factors for metabolic syndrome in gout patients at the Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center in Long Beach, CA (VALB). Methods: A retrospective cohort study was created from 2009-2016 involving Long Beach Veterans Affairs Hospital gout patients (n= 119) based on International Classification of Disease version 9 or 10. Patients were then stratified into two cohorts: received diet counseling (n=90) and no diet counseling (n=29). Data was reviewed for 24 months following initial gout diagnosis or intervention. Management was evaluated based on frequency of flares and related ED visits, change in creatinine clearance, serum uric acid levels (sUA), and changes to risk factors for metabolic syndrome including blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), cholesterol panel and hemoglobin A1c levels at six-month intervals. Results: Although patients in both cohorts were noted to have decreased number of gout attacks, patients who received diet counseling had a significant decrease in number of gout attacks by month 12 (0=0.004). In addition, after 6 months, patients who received diet counseling were more likely to have sUA at goal (sUA Conclusion: Gout patients who receive diet counseling had lower rate of future attacks and better control of sUA. In addition, these gout patients were also noted to have improvement in some risk factors associated with the metabolic syndrome. Notably, patients who had better control of their hemoglobin A1c levels were able to have lower serum uric acid levels. This may imply that controlling diabetes in patients may also help improve gout management. Given the serious complications and increased cardiovascular risks that can be associated with metabolic syndrome, optimization of gout through a nonpharmacologic intervention such as diet counseling can enhance clinical outcomes and optimize healthcare resources. References: [1]Rai SK et al. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, Western diet, and risk of gout in men: prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2017;357:j1794. [2]Alvarez-lario B, et al. Hyperuricemia and gout; the role of diet. Nutr Hosp. 2014;29(4):760-70. Disclosure of Interests: None declared