cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Potential uses of a wireless network in physical security systems

Many possible applications requiring or benefiting from a wireless network are available for bolstering physical security and awareness at high security installations or facilities. These enhancements are not always straightforward and may require careful analysis, selection, tuning, and implementation of wireless technologies. In this paper, an introduction to wireless networks and the task of enhancing physical security is first given. Next, numerous applications of a wireless network are brought forth. The technical issues that arise when using a wireless network to support these applications are then discussed. Finally, a summary is presented.
THE MEANING OF ARREST FOR WIFE ASSAULT

The social meaning of wife assault has changed in recent years for both citizens and formal social control agents. Research on deterrence has been partly responsible for modifying police responses to domestic violence. Police are increasingly adopting pro-arrest policies for wife assault, but little is known about perceptions held by assaulters concerning the consequences of arrest for their life circumstances. Using national survey data from samples of both assaultive and nonassaultive men, the following questions are addressed: What costs do men perceive as most likely to occur if they are arrested for wife assault? Does the perceived likelihood of these costs contribute to their overall fear (i.e., perceived severity) of arrest? To what extent is the perceived likelihood of these costs related to involvement in wife assault? Perceived costs include both direct consequences seen to result from arrest and any indirect costs for the person. Indirect consequences include stigmatic costs (e.g., familial or personal humiliation), attachment costs (e.g., damage to interpersonal relationships) or commitment costs (e.g. jeopardized investments or foreclosed opportunities). The implications of the findings for an expanded version of the deterrence doctrine are discussed. Language: en
Polymorphisms in Metabolism/Antioxidant Genes May Mediate the Effect of Dietary Intake on Pancreatic Cancer Risk

OBJECTIVES A source of variation for inconsistent dietary-pancreatic cancer associations may be individuals carrying constitutional metabolism/antioxidant gene variants that differentially benefit compared to homozygous individuals. Seventy-six tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped in 13 candidate genes to test differential associations with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. METHODS A clinic-based case-control design was used to rapidly ascertain 251 cases and 970 frequency matched controls who provided blood samples and completed a 144-item food frequency questionnaire. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms were evaluated using a dominant genetic model and dietary categories split on controls' median intake. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals, adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS Significant increased associations (Bonferroni corrected P ≤ 0.0007) were observed for carriers of greater than or equal to 1 minor allele for rs3816257 (glucosidase, α; acid [GAA]) and lower intake of deep-yellow vegetables (1.90 [1.28-2.83]); and carriers of no minor allele for rs12807961 (catalase [CAT]) and high total grains intake (2.48 [1.50-4.09]), whereas those with greater than or equal to 1 minor allele had a decreasing slope (across grains). The reference group was no minor alleles with low dietary intake. CONCLUSIONS Interindividual variation in metabolism/antioxidant genes could interact with dietary intake to influence pancreatic cancer risk.
Modeling of Wave Responses to Time-dependent Dislocation Source in Layered Media☆

Abstract This paper presents synthesis of acoustic-emission (AE) wave propagation in multi-layer materials and simulation of AE wave responses at free surface. In particular, the AE source is modelled as an arbitrary-orientation dislocation over an inclined-to- surface fault within one layer or at the layer-to-layer interface, while the materials are assumed as multi-layer media, each of which is homogeneous, isotropic and linearly elastic. With the use of the integral transformation approach, the three-dimensional wave propagation in the materials is solved in transformed or frequency-wavenumber domain. Subsequently, a closed-form solution for wave responses at free surface is found, which can then be converted in time-space domain. Numerical examples are finally provided for illustration.
Imagery Randomized Block Analysis (IRBA) Applied to the Verification of Cloud Edge Detectors

Abstract A recently developed statistical method is described for evaluating the effectiveness of numerical models. This method is applied to the verification of the effectiveness of satellite imagery cloud edge detectors. Digital satellite data are objectively modeled as cloud/no-cloud imagery using three different edge detection techniques. The imagery resulting from each technique is then quantitatively compared to a verification image through a recently developed imagery analysis method termed Imagery Randomized Block Analysis. The method also provides an agreement measure for objectively choosing a situationally effective technique among several competitors.
Corticotropin releasing factor: central nervous system sites of action.

Abstract Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) has been microinjected into different brain areas in an effort to characterize specific sites of action of this peptide to influence the concentrations of norepinephrine in plasma. Although many brain sites were identified to be unresponsive to CRF stimulation there were also abundant number of sites found where CR Felicited significant elevations of plasma catecholamine concentrations. None of the tissues sites of action of CRF were associated with increases of plasma levels of norepinephrine greater than those following CRF administration into the third ventricle. The results suggested that anatomic redundancy exists for the response to exogenous CRF administration.
A Prospective Safety Study of Femoral Vein Versus Nonfemoral Vein Catheterization in Patients with Burns

A prospective study was undertaken to determine the safety of femoral vein catheterization in patients with burns. Forty-two patients had a total of 275 catheterizations and were divided into two groups: group 1, femoral vein catheterization = 80 catheters and group 2, nonfemoral vein catheterization = 195 catheters (180 subclavian, 8 internal jugular, and 7 supraclavicular). All catheters were changed to new sites every 48 hours, and dressings were changed every 24 hours. Bacteriologic surveillance was accomplished by submitting the tip and subcutaneous segment of the catheter for semiquantitative cultures. Skin exit-site cultures were obtained, and blood was drawn through the catheters for fungal-isolator cultures before removal. Catheter colonization was defined as greater than or equal to 5 colony-forming units on either the subcutaneous segment or the catheter tip. Catheter-related sepsis was diagnosed when the same organism was recovered from the fungal isolator bottle and either part of the catheter and when there was no other identifiable source of sepsis. The rate of occurrence of colonized catheters was 7.5% (6 of 80) in the femoral vein catheterization group and 13.8% (27 of 195) in the nonfemoral vein catheterization group. Catheter-related sepsis occurred in 2.5% (2 of 80) of femoral and 1% (2 of 195) of nonfemoral catheters. None of these differences are statistically significant. There were no noninfectious complications from femoral vein catheterization. Two subclavian catheters had to be repositioned. This study suggests that central venous access in patients with burns can be safely employed with the use of the femoral vein.
Du laboratoire vers la clinique : expérience du glioblastome pour moduler la radiosensibilité tumorale

Despite significant progress in the treatment of glioblastoma, the prognosis of these radioresistant, invasive and hypoxic tumours remain dark. The constant relapse after treatment of this tumour is in part due to its intra-cellular but also micro-environmental radioresistance, largely controlled by growth factors and their receptors. The complexity of the biology of these tumours and the presence of numerous cross-talks between the pathways of these different growth factors can be in part responsible for the negative results obtained in clinical trials associating radiotherapy and targeted drugs designed without previous in vitro and in vivo studies validating the proof of concept of a specific target as key factor of radioresistance. In the aim to optimize the treatment of glioblastoma and to reduce the risks of failure of new trials, several laboratories and clinical departments are developing translational research in radiotherapy and radiobiology, validating in vitro and then in orthotopic xenografts interesting targets, then studying the radiosensitizing effect of targeted drugs directed against these proteins, studying the mechanisms of action and resistance of these drugs, validating these proteins as predictive factors of response to radiotherapy in the patients, and then designing clinical trials, integrating metabolic or functional imaging and surrogate markers to better understand the mechanism of action of these associations. We describe in this article the main translational research axis developed for radiosensitizing glioblastoma, which our lab and department have pursued for several years.
Peripheral blockade as treatment of arm ischaemia at birth

Limbs ischaemia represents a rare event during the neonatal period. The present paper reports an unusual case of precocious arm ischemia that occurred immediately after birth and successfully treated with a peripheral nerve blockade. Peripheral nerve blockade resulted in an effective and safe therapeutic approach able to allow the salvaging of the limbs.
Testosterone Manipulation of Male Attractiveness has no Detectable Effect on Female Home-Range Size and Behavior During the Fertile Period

Female dark-eyed juncos (Junco hyemalis) are socially monogamous, but they engage in extra-pair copulations (EPCs). We examined spatial activity and behavior of female juncos during their fertile period to determine whether they engaged in tactics likely to facilitate EPCs and whether any such tactics varied with the attractiveness of their social mates. We manipulated the attractiveness of social mates by implanting experimental males with tubes containing testosterone (T-males) and control males with empty tubes (C-males). Previous findings in free-living juncos showed that females mated to C-males were more likely to produce extra-pair young than females mated to T-males. We radio-tracked 13 females (eight C-mated, five T-mated) for an average of 15 h each over 3 d during their fertile periods. We predicted that C-mated females, to compensate for the induced relative unattractiveness of their social mates, would foray from their territories to seek EPCs and as a result would have larger home ranges than T-mated females. Females of both treatment groups made extra-territorial forays, some of considerable distances, but we observed no EPCs during forays. Further, neighboring T- and C-males frequently made incursions into the home ranges of T- and C-mated females but we saw no EPCs during these incursions. Our ability to detect statistical differences was limited by sample size, but given that constraint, we found no detectable difference in female home-range size in relation to the treatment of their mates, nor did other female behavior differ according to male treatment. Male behavior was significantly affected by testosterone treatment. C-males guarded their mates more closely than did T-males. We conclude that female juncos make extra-territorial movements during their fertile period without regard to male attractiveness (testosterone treatment), but we found no evidence that these function as a special tactic to gain EPCs.
Citations of Articles Published by the Most Productive Social Work Faculties in the 1990s

ABSTRACT This article reports the resuits of an analysis of the citations of articles authored by leading social work faculties in the 1990s. Find ings suggest that: (1) articles published during the decade by faculty at each of these schools have been cited regularly; how ever, (2) publications of some faculties have been cited far more frequently than others; and (3) articles published in other than social work journals between 1990 and 1997 averaged almost three times the number of citations (M = 4.22) as ar ti cles pub lished in so cial work's proprietary journals (M = 1.69). Moreover, three-fourths of all citations of articles at tributed to the faculties of the four most produetive social work faculties over the course of the decade were in non-social work journals. A specific agenda for future research targeted to understanding and explain ing these trends is identified and recommended.
Unique concerns of the pediatric surgical patient: pre-, intra-, and postoperatively.

This article focuses on the unique concerns of pediatric surgical patients and emphasizes preparation of the family as an integrated unit. The statement from older standards of the American Nurses’ Association that ‘‘children have the right to be treated with dignity and respect’’ [1] remains a valid challenge for nurses caring for these patients. Pediatric patients are not ‘‘miniature adults,’’ although the goals and standards of care remain the same as for adults. The surgical problems particular to children from birth to postpuberty are not limited to one area of the body or any one surgical specialty. Effective and developmentally appropriate preparation; thorough assessment of preoperative and postoperative needs; and adequate planning, implementation, and delivery of care safely return the pediatric patient to the preanesthesia state [2]. The perioperative/perianesthesia nurse cares for the child and must also maintain the integrity of the family unit. The nurse assists parents through this educational process by providing them with the necessary information to make informed decisions and offering emotional support to their children. PRE- THROUGH POSTOPERATIVE PHASES Caring for a child undergoing surgery requires a coordinated team effort. Three basic phases comprise the perioperative care of the pediatric surgical patient: (1) the physiologic and psychologic preparation of the child and family; (2) the safe and efficient management of the child’s surgery/anesthesia in the operating room; and (3) the careful management of the child’s immediate postoperative care to minimize complications. The preoperative or preanesthesia phase is the period before the patient undergoes surgery and anesthesia. Interviews are conducted with the child, if appropriate, and the parents or caregivers who are present. The nurse assesses
Studies of Macrostome Formation of Low‐Transforming Tetrahymena vorax. Transformation Enhancers, Generation Time, and Membrane Fluidity1

. Periodically, stocks of Tetrahymena vorax, which normally yield 70–90% macrostomes when subjected to heat shock or other induction methods, become low-transformers and yield ≥30% macrostomes. The addition to the post-heat-shock wash buffer (pH 6.8) of 2.7 × 10-4 M Fe3+, 1.6 × 10-5 M Cu2+, 1 × 10-4 M retinol palmitate or the adjustment of the buffer to a pH of 4 to 5 boosts transformation significantly over controls in inorganic medium alone. The addition of Fe2+ or Cu1+ has a similar, but less pronounced effect on transformation. Ferric ion (2.7 × 10-4 M) will significantly increase transformation in starved non-heat-shocked cells, whereas Fe2+, copper, retinol palmitate, and hydrogen ion concentration have no effect. The agents that boost transformation appear to act by delaying cell division in pre-transformants. Membrane fluidity, as inferred by fluorescence polarization measurements of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene, is altered in a consistent manner by starvation and heat shock. Enhancing agents, including compounds previously shown to boost heat-shock-induced macrostome formation, produce diverse shifts in membrane fluidity. Their effect on transformation of these low-transforming cells therefore appears to be attributable to some mechanism or mechanisms other than a direct alteration of membrane physical properties.
A Concurrent-Engineering Approach Toward the Online Adaptive Control of Injection Molding Process

Abstract Injection molding is the most effective process to produce plastic parts of complex shape to the highest precision at the lowest cost. Considerable progress has been made over the last two decades in modeling and simulation of the molding dynamics. However, due to complex material properties and other uncontrollable disturbances, consistency of part quality cannot be assured in production. This paper presents a new approach to the problem. Based on the concept of Concurrent Engineering, we make full use of the power of simulation for the design of the part, the mold, and setting up process control parameters automatically. The control system consists of feed-forward and feedback loops with numerous sensors in each loop. With an online PC and a smart part-quality sensor, the system can control the variation of part weight many times better than existing methods.
Unique Affective and Cognitive Processes in Contamination Appraisals: Implications for Contamination Fear

A large body of evidence suggests an important role of disgust in contamination fear (CF). A separate line of research implicates various cognitive mechanisms in contamination fear, including obsessive beliefs, memory biases, and delayed attentional disengagement from threat. This study is an initial attempt to integrate these two lines of research and examines whether disgust and delayed attention disengagement from threat explain unique or overlapping processes within CF. Non-clinical undergraduate students (N = 108) completed a spatial cueing task, which provided measures of delayed disengagement from frightening and disgusting cues, and a self-report measure of disgust propensity (DP). Participants also completed a chain of contagion task, in which they provided contamination appraisals of an object as a function of degrees of removal from an initial contaminant. Results demonstrated that DP predicted greater initial contamination appraisals, but a sharper decline in estimations across further degrees of removal from the contaminant. Delayed disengagement from disgust cues uniquely predicted sustained elevations in contamination estimations across further degrees of removal from the contaminant. These results suggest that DP and delayed disengagement from disgust cues explain unique and complimentary processes in contamination appraisals, which suggests the utility of incorporating the disparate affective and cognitive lines of research on CF.
XX/XY Blood Lymphocyte Chimerism in Heterosexual Dizygotic Twins from an American Bashkir Curly Horse. Case Report

Abstract Cytogenetic analysis and microsatellite genotyping were conducted on a pair of phenotypically normal dizygotic heterosexual equine twins of the American Bashkir Curly breed. The animals had a mixture of 64,XX and 64,XY cells in blood lymphocytes, with their own cells being predominant. Therefore, the 64,XX cells comprised 81% of the lymphocyte population in the female twin and 64,XY comprised 79% in the male twin. Blood chimerism was confirmed by genotyping 30 microsatellite markers. Of these, 15 microsatellites showed the presence of three alleles and all four parental alleles in the blood lymphocytes for both animals. No chimerism was detected in the genomic deoxyribonucleic acid isolated from hair follicles. These results are in agreement with earlier observations that vascular anastomoses can infrequently occur during equine multiple pregnancies resulting in blood lymphocyte chimerism without significant effect on the phenotype.
Mechanistic Aspects of the Copolymerization of CO2 and Epoxides by Soluble Zinc Bis(phenoxide) Catalysts as Revealed by Their Cadmium Analogues

A family of monomeric cadmium(II) phenoxides of the general formula Cd(O-2,6-R2C6H3)2(base)2-3 [R = Ph, tBu, Me; base = THF, THT, pyridine, propylene carbonate] has been synthesized. Determination of the solid-state structures of all complexes have uncovered a variety of geometries ranging from the expected distorted tetrahedral to square planar to trigonal bipyramidal, depending upon the identity of the phenoxide substituents and of the base ligands. By utilizing multinuclear NMR techniques available to cadmium, particularly 113Cd NMR, it was possible to discover the identities of these complexes in solution. Reactivities of these complexes with the small molecules CO2, COS, and CS2 were also carried out. While CO2 showed no reactivity with the sterically encumbered Cd(II) bis(phenoxides), insertion was observed spectroscopically to occur for COS and CS2. The product of CS2 insertion was isolated and characterized and found to be a dimeric xanthate complex, [Cd(S2CO-2,6-Ph2C6H3)]2[μ-O-2,6-Ph2C6H3]2. Thes...
Nonsteady flow in a recharge well-unconfined aquifer system

Abstract A recharge well-unconfined aquifer system is considered in which the well completely penetrates a homogeneous, isotropic, extensive aquifer. The system is characterized also by the nonuniformity of the recharge rate, the constancy of the injection head and of the hydraulic conductivity and specific yield of the aquifer, and the validity of the Dupuit-Forchheimer assumptions. Dimensional analysis and similarity approximation are used to transform the governing second-order, nonlinear, partial differential equation into a second-order, nonlinear, ordinary differential equation. The latter equation is solved by coupling the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method with the Lagrange interpolation method. Computationwise, the method is inherently stable for any times. Dimensionless graphical solutions of water table profiles at different times are presented for various conditions. A closed-form analytical solution based on the linearized equation is developed that closely approximates the flow system under consideration. A comparison of numerical and linearized solutions is made. Dimensionless graphical solutions for volume and average rate of recharge are presented for conditions commonly encountered in practice. The dimensionless form of the solutions makes possible their application to any well-aquifer system with similar characteristics regardless of the values of the hydraulic properties of the aquifer.
Offshore oil and the coastline

A radical, accelerated 5-year plan to offer 875 million acres (of which 20 million could actually be leased for oil and gas extraction purposes) on the outer continental shelf (OCS) could result in the release of large volumes of drilling wastes and spillage (Environ. Sci. Tech., Nov. 1981). The actual leasing, under the 5-year plan proposed by Secretary of the Interior James G. Watt, could amount to 4–5 million acres per year—about 10 times as much, on the average, as had been leased over the past 25 years. Regulations on the environmental effects may be less complicated yet more effective in that impact statements will cover large areas instead of the tract-by-tract statements now required. A number of the new offshore leasing areas, for example, the Alaska Coast (Cook Inlet, Beaufort Bay, Gulf of Alaska), the Blake Plateau and Baltimore Canyon, and the Georges Bank, are extremely valuable in terms of renewable resources and potentially fragile in terms of environmental conditions. Fishing interests in these areas have produced considerable controversy over the planned sale of petroleum rights.
‘Niggaz dyin’ don’t make no news’: exploring the intellectual work of an African American urban adolescent boy in an after-school program

In this article, and from the standpoint of an African American woman teacher/researcher, the author explores what happened when one African American adolescent boy known inside of school as a ‘severely disengaged’ student cultivated literacy practices and events of his own volition in an after-school program. The author asks, how does race and gender consciousness intersect one African American urban adolescent boy’s engagements with a favored popular culture narrative after school? Race and gender consciousness, in the context of this study, refers to the ways individuals and/or groups publicize, illustrate, critically articulate and/or question race and gender constructs stated or suggested in various texts. The author argues that students’ race and gender consciousness speak to and intermingle with intellectual work and literate abilities; further, the author argues that attention to such work and consciousness provides valuable information about the aptitude, sensitivities and motivations of students...
Mechanical strain causes hypertrophic scarring in vivo by blocking fibroblast apoptosis in the proliferative phase of wound healing

INTRODUCTION: Pathophysiology of hypertrophic scarring remains unclear. Possible etiology includes mechanical strain, burns, or infection. We selectively examined mechanical strain, and developed a novel murine model whereby hypertrophic scars are created by mechanical strain alone. Since apoptosis is important in transitioning from proliferative to remodeling phases of wound healing, we specifically examined apoptosis in hypertrophic scarring.
Social movements, the occupational arena and changes in career consciousness: The case of women flight attendants

The impact of social movements as a major environmental influence in the evolution of career consciousness was analysed based on extensive interviews of women flight attendants. The aim was to elicit the women's view of their work lives over the past two decades. Flight attendants working in the 1960s entered with the expectation of a short-term job. From their accounts of personal development and from reviews of newspaper accounts, court cases and union documents, the influence of three major social movements became apparent. The Civil Rights Movement prompted flight attendants to challenge the legality of airline rules that prevented them from working past age 32. The Women's Movement reinforced the value and seriousness of women's commitment to a career and enabled flight attendants to challenge traditional notions of the incompatibility of occupation and family. The Occupational Health Movement, by addressing the collective problems of creating a healthy work environment, mobilized women flight attendants to recognize their long-term career investment. The findings suggest that social movements provide an additional dimension that is relevant for the future study of career development and continuing occupational socialization.
Synthesis of the South Unit of Cephalostatin. 7. Total Syntheses of (+)-Cephalostatin 7, (+)-Cephalostatin 12, and (+)-Ritterazine K1

Transformation of alcohol 4 to α-azidoketone 6, a hexacyclic steroid bearing the requisite functionality and spiroketal stereochemistry of the symchiral South portion of cephalostatin 7 (10) is described. Reaction of a 1:1 mixture of α-azidoketones 5 and 6 with sodium hydrogen telluride is followed by cleavage of the protecting groups cephalostatin 12 (9), cephalostatin 7 (10), and ritterazine K (11).
Functional magnetic resonance imaging studies of language

Functional neuroimaging of language builds on almost 150 years of study in neurology, psychology, linguistics, anatomy, and physiology. In recent years, there has been an explosion of research using functional imaging technology, especially positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), to understand the relationship between brain mechanisms and language processing. These methods combine highresolution anatomic images with measures of languagespecific brain activity to reveal neural correlates of language processing. This article reviews some of what has been learned about the neuroanatomy of language from these imaging techniques. We first discuss the normal case, organizing the presentation according to the levels of language, encompassing words (lexicon), sound structure (phonemes), and sentences (syntax and semantics). Next, we delve into some unusual language processing circumstances, including second languages and sign languages. Finally, we discuss abnormal language processing, including developmental and acquired dyslexia and aphasia.
Semidirect algorithms for third-order electron propagator calculations

An efficient procedure for third-order electron propagator calculations of ionization energies and electron affinities is reported. Diagonal self-energy expressions that are suitable for large molecules are empolyed. The outer-valence Green's function method also is implemented. An integral transformation program for direct and semidirect algorithms is modified to store only nonzero integrals according to Abelian point group symmetry. Contributions to self-energy matrix elements that depend on electron repulsion integrals with four virtual orbital indices are computed in a direct way. Intermediate batches of integrals are created by sort procedures while avoiding storage of transformed integrals in the main memory. This method permits calculation of electron binding energies for C with a 231 atomic orbital basis and for Zn(C5H5)2 with a 220 atomic orbital basis on an IBM RISC/6000 Model 550. During these calculations, the CPU is engaged approximately 90% of the time. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PHENOL- AND O-CHLOROPHENOL-TERMINATED MONOLAYERS

This paper describes the synthesis of phenol-terminated monolayers formed by the chemisorption of precursor trichlorosilanes to silicate substrates and subsequent in situ chemical transformations. A trichlorosilane containing an 11-carbon polymethylene spacer and methyl-protected phenol was synthesized. The corresponding o-chlorophenol system was also synthesized. The monolayer structure was studied by a combination of reflectance FTIR, X-ray reflectometry, solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy, and water contact angles. Reaction of the monolayers with BBr3 produced phenol-terminated monolayers. Data obtained by contact angle titration using buffered solutions with pH values in the range of 1−14 was consistent with ionization of the surface-immobilized phenol groups. The o-chlorophenol group exhibited a decrease in contact angles at lower pH values, which is consistent with a more acidic surface. The phenol and o-chlorophenol exhibited pK1/2 ≥ 12.5 and ≥ 12, which are at least 2.5 pH units higher than the solu...
Dermatomal somatosensory evoked potentials: cervical, thoracic, and lumbosacral levels

Somatosensory evoked potentials were recorded at the scalp to stimulation of the skin at C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, T2, T4, T6, T8, T10, T12, L2, L3, L4, L5, and S1 dermatomes and of the tibial nerve. Stimulation and recording techniques are described. Data were obtained from 41 normal subjects, 25 of which had all 16 dermatomes studied. Wave form descriptions include both typical and atypical presentations. Descriptive statistics for latency, amplitude, left to right comparisons, and level to level comparisons are given. Scalp response latencies for distal extremity dermatomes were well correlated with height but not with vertebral column length, whereas latencies for thoracic dermatomes were not well correlated with either height or vertebral column length. Since scalp response amplitude data were not normally distributed, they were logarithmically transformed and minimum and maximum limits for 1 S.D., 2 S.D., and 3 S.D. derived. Left/right amplitude ratios were similarly treated. Level to level comparisons were achieved with a Z score concordance analysis, which showed that the response values at one level can be used to predict the response values at another level.
Hospitality's Most Influential Scholars: Fifteen Years of Citation Analyses (1989–2004)

Abstract This article is the third in a longitudinal study of the most influential scholars in hospitality management education. The first study, published in 1995, included scholarly works published from 1989-1994. The second article, published in 2000, covered the ten-year period 1989-1999. This article reports on scholarly influence over the fifteen-year period 1989-2004. Citation analysis was used to assess the influence of hospitality scholars in each study. Data used in this and previous citation analyses were drawn from five major hospitality management education journals: Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, FIU Hospitality Review, the International Journal of Hospitality Management, the Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Education, and the Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research. Citation analysis is a widely accepted method of assessing scholarly influence. The method has been used in virtually every academic field as a measure of scholarly influence.
Analysis of Heat Conduction in Silicon Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Silicon's material properties, have been studied extensively because of its technological significance in a variety of industries, including microelectronics. Yet, questions surrounding the phonon relaxation times in silicon continue to linger.1,2 Previous theoretical works3-5 have generated qualitative expressions for phonon relaxation times, however these approaches require fitting parameters that cannot be determined reliably. This paper first discusses implementation issues associated with using the Green-Kubo method in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We compare various techniques used in similar works and discusses several implementation issues that have arisen in the literature. We then describe an alternative procedure for analyzing the normal modes of a crystal to extract phonon relaxation times. As an example material we study bulk crystalline silicon using equilibrium MD simulations and lattice dynamics. The environment dependent interatomic potential6 is used to model the interactions and frequency dependent phonon properties are extracted from the MD simulations.Copyright © 2006 by ASME
Comment on “Histories and Horoscopes: The Ethnographer as Fortune‐Teller”

My morning starts with a cup of tea and the newspaper. I quickly review the front page before settling in to my real mission-reading my horoscope for the day. Thanks to Mary Hamilton's intriguing and suggestive piece about researchers as fortune-tellers, I have come to view this morning ritual in a new light. I am like Cliff, a participant in Hamilton's study, "Literacy in the Community." He compares his reaction to reading the researcher's representation of his life to reading his horoscope and says, "By Jove, that nearly fits in to the way I am ..." (this issue:352). Every morning I find myself doing the same, thinking about how closely or not the day's forecast "fits in to the way I am." Whether the forecast is "right" or "wrong" (or silly, as my children insist) does not cross my mind. Rather, in reading my horoscope I search for something "revelatory" about me, the conflicts and challenges I face, and, if I am lucky, some strategies for change. Like Cliff, I also read into the daily horoscope things that are not necessarily there but for which I am looking. So I read words like "Follow through on a hunch. Partners are receptive to your words," as beckoning me to trust my instincts about a childrearing controversy I am having with my ex-husband and to confront him about it. And then, when he is not receptive, I chalk it up to a misfit in the stars.
Safety and feasibility of sleeve gastrectomy in morbidly obese patients following liver transplantation.

Obesity, steroid-induced diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and steatohepatitis can occur after liver transplantation and may respond to bariatric surgery. The safety and feasibility of bariatric surgery after liver transplantation is unknown. Nine morbidly obese patients with prior liver transplants underwent sleeve gastrectomy in a pilot program. Sleeve gastrectomy was chosen over gastric banding to avoid foreign body implantation, and over gastric bypass to maintain endoscopic access to the biliary system and reduce surgical complexity. We reviewed patient demographics, operative details, 30-day complications, weight loss, postoperative hepatic and renal functions, and resolution of comorbidities. Sleeve gastrectomy was performed laparoscopically in eight patients and as an open procedure in one patient. The mean operative time was 165 min and mean postoperative length of stay was 5 days. Follow-up ranged from 3 to 36 months. In the first 30 days, there were three complications in three patients: mesh dehiscence after a synchronous incisional hernia repair, bile leak from the liver surface requiring laparoscopic drainage, and postoperative dysphagia that required reoperation. Calcineurin inhibitor levels and hepatic and renal functions remained stable. There were no episodes of graft rejection. At 3 months liver function tests remained stable. Excess weight loss averaged 55.5 % at 6 months. Sleeve gastrectomy is technically feasible after liver transplantation and resulted in weight loss without adversely affecting graft function and immunosuppression. Early complications may be more frequent as a result of adhesions of the left upper quadrant. Late complications were rare.
Conformationally sensitive residues in transmembrane domain 9 of the Na+/dicarboxylate co-transporter.

The Na+/dicarboxylate co-transporter, NaDC-1, couples the transport of sodium and Krebs cycle intermediates, such as succinate and citrate. Previous studies identified two functionally important amino acids, Glu-475 and Cys-476, located in transmembrane domain (TMD) 9 of NaDC-1. In the present study, each amino acid in TMD-9 was mutated to cysteine, one at a time, and the accessibility of the membrane-impermeant reagent [2-(trimethylammonium)ethyl]methanethiosulfonate (MTSET) to the replacement cysteines was determined. Cysteine substitution was tolerated at all but five of the sites: the A461C mutant was not present at the plasma membrane, whereas the F473C, T474C, E475C, and N479C mutants were inactive proteins located on the plasma membrane. Cysteine substitution of four residues found near the extracellular surface of TMD-9 (Ser-478, Ala-480, Ala-481, and Thr-482) resulted in proteins that were sensitive to inhibition by MTSET. The accessibility of MTSET to the four substituted cysteines was highest in the presence of the transported cations, sodium or lithium, and low in choline. The four mutants also exhibited substrate protection of MTSET accessibility. The MTSET accessibility to S478C, A481C, and A480C was independent of voltage. In contrast, T482C was more accessible to MTSET in choline buffer at negative holding potentials, but there was no effect of voltage in sodium buffer. In conclusion, TMD-9 may be involved in transducing conformational changes between the cation-binding sites and the substrate-binding site in NaDC-1, and it may also form part of the translocation pathway through the transporter.
‘If the Teacher were a Man’: Masculinity and Power in Stalinist Schools

This article explores questions about identity among Soviet men teachers, about the construction of masculinity in the Stalinist context and more broadly about the significance of power in structuring gender identities. By examining the personal experience, classroom practices and political perspectives of a man teacher in a ‘women's profession’, this article demonstrates how masculine identity involved the exercise of power even in the context of a repressive political system. Focusing on the multiple layers embedded in the identity of one teacher makes possible a gender analysis of the political processes, social relations, and educational practices characteristic of the Soviet Union in the 1930s. Using an interview to understand the formation of masculinity illustrates how individual agency and subjectivity shaped and were shaped by the broader patterns and processes characteristic of Stalinism.
Hitler's Home Front: Württemberg under the Nazis – By Jill Stephenson

How effective was the Hitler state at realizing the regimented “national community” of Nazi rhetoric? Not very, argues Jill Stephenson. Her finely textured analysis of the politics of everyday life...
A CLARIFICATION OF CROPLEY AND MASLANY'S ANALYSIS OF THE WALLACH‐KOGAN CREATIVITY TESTS

In a recent article Cropley & Maslany (1969) examined the relationships among and between the Wallach–Kogan creativity tasks and the Thurstone Primary Mental Abilities tests in a sample of university students. A factor analysis yielded a general factor with moderate to substantial loadings for all of the tests in the battery. On this basis Cropley & Maslany concluded that complete statistical independence of the ‘creativity’ and ‘intelligence’ domains had not been established. The present paper attributes the Cropley–Maslany outcomes to a failure to rotate, and reports a Promax rotation of the Cropley–Maslany principal-components solution. Such rotation yields a pure ‘creativity’ factor, and two ‘intelligence’ factors. Unlike the Cropley–Maslany principal-axis factor loadings, the Promax solution is congruent with most of the evidence reported in other relevant investigations of the creativity–intelligence distinction.
Photoanodic properties of an n-type silicon electrode in aqueous solutions containing fluorides

Abstract The n-Si electrode shows two distinct characteristic, photoanodic corrosion properties in solutions with fluoride ion or hydrofluoric acid together with a reducing agent. In the presence of a low concentration of fluoride ion or hydrofluoric acid, the photocurrent is observed to decay more rapidly than in the absence of the fluorides. In the presence of a relatively high concentration of hydrofluoric acid such that the oxide dissolves rapidly, current doubling occurs, suggesting that the photoproduced holes all react to corrode the silicon rather than oxidizing the reducing agent. Models to explain the two-way influence of the fluoride ion in the photocorrosion of silicon are presented.
Target signature consistency of image data fusion alternatives

The qualitative and quantitative results of three image data fusion algorithms and their target signature variation are shown. We describe these methods for comparison along with a new and easier to understand process developed for their implementation. We also present an illustration of the effects of variation of the target signature on each of the fusion methods along with measurement of these effects using a new distortion metric.
Perinatal care services for Hispanic women: a study of provider-receiver communication.

The present case study 1) identified and evaluated perinatal care needs among Hispanics in Albuquerque, New Mexico, as perceived by a sample of perinatal care providers and receivers in the community, and 2) compared those needs with needs previously identified by a national team of Hispanic health experts and political and academic leaders.Results showed that while Hispanic experts emphasized technical needs, the community emphasized humanistic and communication needs in perinatal care services. Within the community, there were also differences between providers' and receivers' identification of barriers. Providers thought that cultural biases of receivers toward the medical profession prevented effective use of services. Receivers identified structural, mainly service related, limitations as barriers to effective perinatal care. This study shows the need to not base programs on “expert” opinion of public needs only.
ENHANCING THE DEVELOPMENTAL IMPACT OF RAIL TRANSIT

A number of forces currently at work in the United States are fostering the rebirth of urban rail transportation. In order to maximize the beneficial economic and developmental impact of future rail investment, certain procedures and techniques must be employed in the planning, design, and implementation of rail systems. The paper offers a set of guidelines and principles for transportation and land use policy makers.
The Accounts of Deborah (Judges 4—5) in Recent Research:

Within the book of Judges, the figure of Deborah receives exceptional treatment in that her actions are presented first in a narrative, comprising chapter four, then in a poem, chapter five. Read t...
CAPN5 gene silencing by short hairpin RNA interference

The purpose of this project was to identify short hairpin RNA (shRNA) sequences that can suppress expression of human CAPN5 in which gain-of-function mutants cause autosomal dominant neovascular inflammatory vitreoretinopathy (ADNIV). We created HEK293T cells that stably express an ADNIV disease allele, CAPN5-p.R243L. Transfection protocols were optimized for neuroblastoma SHSY5Y cells. The gene silencing effect of four different shRNA plasmids that target CAPN5 was tested. RNA and protein expression was determined using quantitative RT-PCR and immunoblot analysis. Two of four shRNA plasmids reduced mutant CAPN5 RNA in a stable cell line. Similar knockdown was observed in SH-SY5Y cells that natively express CAPN5. Lactose dehydrogenase assays showed that down-regulation of CAPN5 was not cytotoxic. CAPN5 expression can be suppressed by shRNA-based RNA interference. Further testing in ADNIV models will determine the potential of gene silencing as a strategy to treat, delay, or prevent blindness in ADNIV patients.
Genotoxic and cytocidal effects of three electron-affinic sensitizers on hypoxic and aerated mammalian cells.

Abstract The cytological effects of desmethylmisonidazole and Stanford Research compound 2508 along with their clinically used predecessor misonidazole, have been examined. On attached aerated Chinese hamster V-79 cells, cell survival was reduced with SR 2508 in a concentration and time dependent manner so as to exceed by more than three times that produced by the other two drugs at 5 mM for 72 hours. Cell progression into mitosis was also markedly and specifically reduced by SR 2508 to 0.01% of control levels, versus about 50% for the other two nitroimidazoles. For all three compounds sister chromatid exchanges (SCE's) were maximally enhanced about two-fold, while frequencies of chromosomal aberrations were not related to drug dose or cell killing levels. Hence sensitizer treated aerated cells largely die in interphase. Hypoxic Chinese hamster V-79 cells in suspension were reduced to about 40–50% cell survival after a four hour treatment with drugs at 5 mM. Mitoses were sequentially collected to 16 hours post treatment, with indications that cell cycle progression, SCE's and chromosomal aberrations were similarly influenced by the three agents. However there was a dramatic effect in a fraction of cells collected from 12–16 hours after treatment. These cells showed a progressive degeneration of the chromosomes and/or very high levels of SCE's. This cycle stage specificity may illustrate drug metabolite interactions with DNA replication sites of late G1-early S phase cells. All three agents are potentially genotoxic to hypoxic cells, and to a lesser extent aerated cells, while the greater cytocidal effect of SR 2508 on aerated cells warrants further investigation.
The Nature of the Psychopath: Interpretation of Projective Findings Based on Structural Analysis:

Clinical syndromes commonly mistaken for psychopathy were enumerated. The nature of the psychopath as viewed within the context of structural analysis was explicated. Guidelines for diagnosing the psychopath with various projective techniques were discussed and a case presented.