cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Structure and conductivity investigations of alkaline earth substituted uranium oxide, U1 - XMxO2 ± δ (M = Mg, Ca, Sr) for solid oxide fuel cell applications

Abstract Alkaline earth substituted UO 2 (U 1 − x M x O 2 ± δ ; M = Mg, Ca, Sr; 0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.525) with fluorite structure was synthesized in reducing atmosphere. Structure and conductivity properties of U 1 − x M x O 2 ± δ fluorites were investigated for possible application in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). At room temperature and ambient atmosphere the materials are stable; however they decompose at an oxygen partial pressure p O 2 > 10 − 4 atm and temperatures higher than 600 °C. The total conductivity measured for the best conducting U 1 − x M x O 2 ± δ material with M = Ca and x = 0.177 is as high as 3 S/cm at p O 2 − 4 atm at 600 °C. The relatively low ionic transference number ( t i ∼0.02) is disadvantageous for potential use as electrolyte material for SOFC applications. The high conductivity and possible depolarization effects suggest potential use as anode materials in SOFC.
Dynamic aspects of electronic excitation

Abstract Electronic excitation with a continuous wave light source is shown to result in the creation of a “Raman wavefunction” on the excited surface. In this connection a misconception regarding the regime of validity of Heller's localized wavepacket approach to spectroscopy is clarified.
Material Damage-Based Model for Predicting Chip-Breakability

A model for predicting the chip breakability potential of groove and obstruction-type tools is described. The potential for a tool to break chips is evaluated in terms of the chip geometry and the damage sustained by the chip as it is formed in the shear zone. The chip geometry is characterized by its thickness-to-radius ratio, and the material damage is evaluated in terms of a normalized accumulated damage factor that is based on a hole growth and coalescence model. The chip thickness-to-radius ratio and the normalized accumulated damage factor are evaluated using a finite element cutting model. A total of 210 cutting tests were conducted to verify the model. Different tools including flat, obstruction, and groove, were tested for cutting of AISI 1020 steel and SS 304 steel. Each of these tool geometries exhibited significantly different chip thickness-to-radius ratios and normalized accumulated damage. Threshold criteria for breaking chips were determined for AISI 1020 and SS 304. For difficult-to-break materials such as stainless, a lower normalized accumulated damage was needed and a higher chip thickness-to-radius ratio was required to break chips. Although the model presented in the paper was developed for orthogonal cutting, it can be readily extended to three dimensional machining processes. Using this approach, a new tool design can be evaluated for its chip breakability potential with much less reliance on prototype building and testing.
Multigluon helicity amplitudes involving a quark loop

We apply the solution to the recursion relation for the double-off-shell quark current to the problem of computing one loop amplitudes with an arbitrary number of gluons. We are able to compute amplitudes for photon-gluon scattering, electron-positron annihilation to gluons, and gluon-gluon scattering via a quark loop in the case of like-helicity gluons. In addition, we present the result for the one-loop gluon-gluon scattering amplitude when one of the gluons has opposite helicity from the others.
Determining the Importance of an Independent Variable: A Path Analytic Solution

Abstract Various methods have been proposed for evaluating the importance of an independent variable in determining a given dependent variable. This paper suggests that the analysis of direct and indirect effects in a recursive causal model can provide a more satisfactory evaluation than the ordinary correlation and regression techniques commonly used. The interpretation of an independent variable's impact derived from a path model is generally more adequate because it is able to take into account the operation of indirect effects and spuriousness. To demonstrate this contention, data gathered by the author to explain organizational innovation are presented.
Effects of modeling errors on trajectory predictions in air traffic control automation

Air traffic control automation synthesizes aircraft trajectories for the generation of advisories. Trajectory computation employs models of aircraft performances and weather conditions. In contrast, actual trajectories are flown in real aircraft under actual conditions. Since synthetic trajectories are used in landing scheduling and conflict probing, it is very important to understand the differences between computed trajectories and actual trajectories. This paper examines the effects of aircraft modeling errors on the accuracy of trajectory predictions in air traffic control automation. Three-dimensional point-mass aircraft equations of motion are assumed to be able to generate actual aircraft flight paths. Modeling errors are described as uncertain parameters or uncertain input functions. Pilot or autopilot feedback actions are expressed as equality constraints to satisfy control objectives. A typical trajectory is defined by a series of flight segments with different control objectives for each flight segment and conditions that define segment transitions. A constrained linearization approach is used to analyze trajectory differences caused by various modeling errors by developing a linear time varying system that describes the trajectory errors, with expressions to transfer the trajectory errors across moving segment transitions. A numerical example is presented for a complete commercial aircraft descent trajectory consisting of several flight segments.
Associations between Phenylalanine‐to‐Tyrosine Ratios and Performance on Tests of Neuropsychological Function in Adolescents Treated Early and Continuously for Phenylketonuria

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disorder characterized by hyperphenylalaninemia. Treatment involves dietary phenylalanine restriction to prevent mental retardation. Because phenylalanine is involved in tyrosine synthesis and tyrosine is a catecholamine precursor, low tyrosine may lead to brain dopamine deficiencies. Because dopamine is involved in the modulation of prefrontally orchestrated executive functions, deficiencies may lead to executive impairments. Despite treatment, impairments in executive cognitive functions have been reported in young children with PKU. Outcome beyond middle childhood has not been extensively investigated. In this study, PKU-affected adolescents (N = 18) with normal-range IQ scores completed neuropsychological tests, and their performance was compared with unaffected peers (N = 16) and chronically ill controls (N = 17). Results demonstrated that the overall performance of the PKU group did not differ from that of the other two groups, but that performance of the PKU proband was associated with phenylalanine and tyrosine levels, and most strongly with phenylalanine-to-tyrosine ratios at several points in development. These findings provide a preliminary test of the dopamine hypothesis of PKU as it applies to adolescents and young adults.
Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity in Youth With Recent Onset of Type 2 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE: With the rise of type 2 diabetes in youth, it is critical to investigate factors such as physical activity (PA) and time spent sedentary that may be contributing to this public health problem. This article describes PA and sedentary time in a large cohort of youth with type 2 diabetes and compares these levels with other large-scale investigations. METHODS: The Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) trial is a study in 699 youth, recruited from 15 US clinical centers, aged 10 to 17 years with RESULTS: In comparison with the subset of the NHANES cohort who were obese (BMI ≥95th percentile), TODAY youth spent significantly more time being sedentary (difference averaging 56 minutes per day; P CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents with type 2 diabetes from the large TODAY cohort appear to be less physically active and tend to spend more time being sedentary than similarly aged youth without diabetes identified from other large national investigations. Treatment efforts in adolescents with type 2 diabetes should include decreasing sitting along with efforts to increase PA levels.
SetPad: a sketch-based tool for exploring discrete math set problems

We present SetPad, a new application prototype that lets computer science students explore discrete math problems by sketching set expressions using pen-based input. Students can manipulate the expressions interactively with the tool via pen or multi-touch interface. Likewise, discrete mathematics instructors can use SetPad to display and work through set problems via a projector to better demonstrate the solutions to the students. We discuss the implementation and feature set of the application, as well as results from a formal user study measuring the effectiveness of the tool for students solving set proof problems. The results indicate that SetPad allows for efficient solutions to proof problems, and has the potential to have a positive impact when used as an individual student application or as an instructional tool.
Molecular modeling of key elastic properties for inhomogeneous lipid bilayers

Fusion and fission of biological membranes play a crucial role in intracellular transport. Until recently, it was believed that membrane shape transformations involved in these processes are driven by proteins. However, recent evidence shows that lipids, by themselves, can drive membrane deformations. It has been hypothesized that the localized formation of certain lipids changes elastic properties of a membrane in such a way that the membrane deforms spontaneously. This study represents a step towards a systematic investigation of the role of various lipids in local changes of membrane elastic properties. We use coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CGMD) simulations to determine possible effects of addition of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI4P) lipids on elastic properties of dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline (DPPC) lipid bilayers. We investigate the splay (bending) and the molecular tilt moduli of mixed DPPC/PI4P bilayers, as well as the line tension between domains of pure DPPC and mixed DPPC/PI4P bi...
Interaction between applications and the network

Optical circuit-switched networks deployed in core (backbone) networks are used primarily to offer leased-line (“static”) services to interconnect IP routers. Most end-user applications are implemented to use the TCP/IP protocol stack of the Internet. Recently, a number of eScience applications have emerged that could rightly be characterized as “heavy-hitters” in that they require a disproportionately larger allocation of rate-hop-duration product when compared to most Internet flows. This has led to the deployment of dynamic circuit services within core networks. This paper describes applications and their interaction with IP-routed networks and optical dynamic circuit switched networks.
Underlying cause of death in incident unprovoked seizures in the urban community of Northern Manhattan, New York City

SUMMARY We determined underlying cause-specific mortality for incident unprovoked seizures from Northern Manhattan, New York City. We calculated the case fatality, proportionate mortality, and the underlying cause-specific standardized mortality ratios (SMRs), with U.S. death rates as the standard. Thirty-two deaths were observed between 2003 and 2007 among 209 participants. Case fatality was significantly lower for idiopathic/cryptogenic seizures versus symptomatic seizures. About 31.3% of the deaths were attributed to
Weber and the Sociology of Revolution

Weber wrote about the Russian revolutions of 1905 and 1917 while they were in progress. Analytically, he held that revolution is a non-legitimate form of change, insofar as the source of legitimate power is the authority of military command in a community of fate organized for foreign war. He thus adumbrates some aspects of contemporary state-breakdown theory, in which revolution hinges upon geopolitical strain and fiscal crisis splitting elites. Yet Weber remained closer to classic Marxian theory of revolutionary interest groups mobilized from below. He broadened interest groups to include status groups as well as economic classes. His description gives leads for a theory of revolutionary process centered on alliances and splits, bandwagon effects and turning points, and the volatility of revolutionary ideas arising from the social organization of full- time political militants. Weber predicted structural change in Russia leading to bureaucratic dictatorship.
Preliminary Factor Analyses Raise Concerns about Script Concordance Test Utility

Purpose Script concordance tests (SCTs) are assessments purported to measure one’s ability to interpret clinical data, a key component of the clinical diagnostic reasoning process. The aim of this research was to directly examine the construct validity/dimensionality of SCTs using factor analysis.
Current aspects of formulation efforts and pore lifetime related to microneedle treatment of skin.

Importance of the field: The efficacy of microneedles in the area of transdermal drug delivery is well documented. Multiple studies have shown that enhancement of skin permeation by means of the creation of microscopic pores in the stratum corneum can greatly improve the delivery rates of drugs. However, skin pretreatment with microneedles is not the only factor affecting drug transport rates. Other factors, including drug formulation and rate of micropore closure, are also important for optimizing delivery by this route.Areas covered in this review: This review aims to highlight work that has been done in these areas, with an emphasis on drug formulation parameters that affect transdermal flux.What the reader will gain: This review creates an appreciation for the many factors affecting microneedle-enhanced delivery. Most results clearly indicate that microneedle skin pretreatment by itself may have different effects on drug transport depending on the formulation used, and formulation characteristics have...
Influence of hazelnut paste on the sensory properties and shelf-life of dark chocolate

The addition of hazelnut paste to dark chocolate formulations altered the sensory profile. The flavors chocolate, burnt, rancid, hazelnut, green and metallic, and the texture attributes hardness, graininess, consistency of melt, viscosity and onset of melt determined by descriptive analysis were significantly (P < 0.05) influenced by the addition of up to 10% hazelnut paste. The shelf-life of dark chocolates containing hazelnut exceeded 10 months. The textural attributes of hardness, consistency of melt and onset of melt were highly correlated to instrumental measurements.
Effects of exercise and n-3 fatty acids on postprandial lipemia

Because n–3 fatty acid ingestion and aerobic exercise each has been associated with diminished postprandial lipemia (PPL), the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a combination of t...
Touch-based haptics for interactive editing on point set surfaces

A modeling paradigm for haptics-based editing on point set surfaces exploits implicit surfaces, physics-based modeling, point-sampled surfaces, and haptic. We propose a point-based geometry representation that we initially designed for dynamic physics-based sculpting, but can easily generalize to other relevant applications such as data modeling and human-computer interaction. By extending the idea of the local reference domain in the moving least square (MLS) surface model to the construction of a local and global surface distance field, we naturally incorporate Hua and Qin's dynamic implicit volumetric model into our deformation of the point-based geometry, which not only facilitates topology change but also affords dynamic sculpting and deformation.
Ensuring That Guidelines Help Reduce Patient Harm

The most important determinant of whether a hospital dramatically reduces bloodstream infections is whether clinicians believe these infections are their problem and they can solve the problem. If clinicians believe, results will follow.
ONALIN: Ontology and Algorithm for Indoor Routing

Much research has recently been devoted to developing approaches, techniques, and technologies which assist people with navigation within buildings. Routing is an essential technique often requested by users prior to real-time navigation, providing them with appropriate routes within buildings. A survey of the literature reveals indoor routing approaches primarily based on shortest distance or fastest travel time as the main criteria. However, such routing criteria that are common in outdoor navigation may not be as applicable to indoor navigation. Presenting users with appropriate indoor routes could be beneficial to many users in various situations. For example, people with physical, cognitive, or sensory impairments may need routes that take into account their special needs as well as preferences rather than ones that are shortest or fastest. In this paper, we present a new ontology and an algorithm (ONALIN) that provides routing for individuals with various needs and preferences. To this end, ONALIN takes the ADA (American Disability Act) standards, among other requirements, into consideration. An indoor routing algorithm based on this ontology is presented and analyzed in detail where it first finds feasible routes with respect to the special needs of the users and then from those will select the comfortable routes.
How stimulus direction determines the trajectory of the Mauthner-initiated escape response in a teleost fish

Fishes use the Mauthner-initiated C-start for short-latency evasion of predators. C-starts consist of a sudden turn (stage 1) and a rapid acceleration (stage 2). We analyzed high-speed cine films of goldfish C-starts elicited by dropping a ball into the water. It was previously thought that stage 1 angle does not vary concomitantly with the angle of the threatening stimulus relative to the position of the fish. We found, however, a significant inverse relationship between the direction of the impact of the ball and the angle turned by the end of stage 1. When starting near a wall, or when its usual trajectory was blocked by a wall, the fish used an escape route that was not predictable from the stimulus angle. The fish did not appear to correct its trajectory if it began to turn towards the ball. This behavioral evidence supports the previous notion that the underlying neural command is ballistic and does not use sensory information from the stimulus once the movement begins. If this is so, the fish probably utilizes information on obstacle location in the interval leading up to the trigger stimulus.
Particle Segregation in the Context of the Species Momentum Balances

We outline the development of a kinetic theory for particle segregation in collisional flows of a binary mixture of nearly elastic spheres. We take care to place the segregation mechanism in the context of an appropriately weighted difference of the momentum balances for the two species.
Dilemma of the sleeping stockbroker

let us assume that the structure does not change with time. Then the Dow Jones average, as a function of time, is the output of a stationary stochastic process: A sequence X= ... X_2X_1X0X1 .. of real-valued random variables, each a map1 from some underlying probability space to DR. Write P(X0 E [341, 367]) to indicate the probability that today (time zero) the Dow Jones average is between 341 and 367; the function A -) P(XO E A) is the distribution of XO. The process is stationary if the joint distributions are independent of time: For any finite list A 1, .. ., AK of subsets of R, the probability P((Xn+l E Al) & (Xn+2 E A2) &... & (Xn+K E AK)) is independent of n. Henceforth, all processes are assumed to be stationary. An example of a stationary process is a roulette wheel: The next spin produces a number according to the same distribution as the last spin. And each spin is independent of all previous (and all succeeding) spins. Such a process X is called a Bernoulli process: Each random variable Xn has the same distribution as XO, and
Glycoproteins of Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 3: Characterization and Evaluation as a Subunit Vaccine

The envelope glycoproteins of human parainfluenza type 3 virus were characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and reactivity with specific monoclonal antibodies. The molecular weight of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) glycoprotein was found to be 72,000, and the fusion (F) glycoprotein appeared to consist of 74,000 (F0) or 56,000 (F1) species. Envelope glycoproteins were solubilized with octyl-glucoside and, after removal of the detergent by dialysis, were used for immunization of hamsters. Other animals were immunized with a formalin-inactivated preparation of whole virus. A single subcutaneous immunization with these antigen preparations induced a serum antibody response to the HN and F glycoproteins, as determined by plaque neutralization, hemagglutination inhibition, inhibition of virus-induced cell fusion, and immune precipitation tests. An IgG antibody response to both glycoproteins was also observed in bronchial washings. Animals immunized with the highest dose of envelope glycoproteins showed complete protection from challenge infection, whereas immunization with inactivated virus did not completely protect animals.
Fundamentals of Low-Temperature Food Preservation

Publisher Summary This chapter cites a great many occurrences associated with the freezing, storage, and thawing of foods. To understand how the freezing process brings about changes in food systems, thorough knowledge is needed of the characteristics and interrelationships of food constituents. The chapter presents the general classification and characteristics of food systems that will provide a logical basis for evaluating detailed changes in specific food systems. Food systems are divided into two major groups: gross intact tissue systems and small-particle systems. Small particle systems are further subdivided into dispersions and undispersed solids. The chapter briefly illustrates some changes in selected food systems resulting from the freezing process. An attempt has been made to draw some general conclusions concerning the possible means by which food deteriorates during the entire freezing process (freezing, frozen storage, thawing) and each phase of the freezing process is considered separately. The removal of heat energy from foods being frozen has two basic effects: a decrease in temperature and a change of state from water to ice. During the freezing of any complex material, these two consequences of heat removal are inseparable. However, it is of theoretical interest to determine how the consequences of a decrease in temperature with a change of state of water to ice compare with the consequences of the same decrease in temperature with no change of state. This approach enables the causes of freezing damage to be determined more accurately. The chapter briefly reviews the technological aspects of the frozen food industry. The three most common types of freezing systems are air blast (gaseous coolant), indirect contact (solid coolant), and direct immersion (liquid coolant). Each type possesses certain advantages and disadvantages.
Tin nanoparticles as an effective conductive additive in silicon anodes.

We have found that the addition of tin nanoparticles to a silicon-based anode provides dramatic improvements in performance in terms of both charge capacity and cycling stability. Using a simple procedure and off-the-shelf additives and precursors, we developed a structure in which the tin nanoparticles are segregated at the interface between the silicon-containing active layer and the solid electrolyte interface. Even a minor addition of tin, as small as ∼2% by weight, results in a significant decrease in the anode resistance, as confirmed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. This leads to a decrease in charge transfer resistance, which prevents the formation of electrically inactive “dead spots” in the anode structure and enables the effective participation of silicon in the lithiation reaction.
CHAPTER FOUR – Graphical Techniques for Mass Integration with Mass-Exchange Interception

This chapter illustrates the incorporation of mass-exchange network (MEN) synthesis within a more comprehensive mass-integration analysis. A graphical representation of the waste interception network “WIN” is described that provides a framework for identifying the solution strategies, including segregation, mixing, interception, recycle and unit manipulation. Several graphical techniques are introduced to demonstrate the integration of interception with other mass-integration strategies. Interception is a key element of mass integration. The source-sink mapping diagram is a visualization tool that can be used to determine direct-recycling opportunities. The application of mass integration to enhance yield and reduce wastewater is illustrated with the help of an acrylonitrile plant.
Promoting Healthy Cognitive Aging: A Systematic Review and Analysis

Promoting healthy cognitive aging within social work has been raised over the years, but the effectiveness of many preventions and interventions in healthy aging brain has been questioned because of the lack of the evidence. The purpose of the study is to carry out a scientific research review and analysis related to healthy cognitive aging brain and professional social work. This study reviewed major trends in the health care in cognitive aging environment which impacts on social work education, practice, and research including a shift from in-patient to community care setting and increasing diversity of the older adult population. A systematic review was conducted to determine the effectiveness of promoting healthy cognitive aging that target mild-cognitive impairment and screening among older-adults. In this scientific literature review, quantitative and qualitative outcome studies between 1989 and 2016 were reviewed. The researcher found that educational and social activity group interventions that can ease social isolation and loneliness among older adults. However, the effectiveness of home visiting remains unclear. The study also was completed to address a growing area of cognitive aging brain concern and implication for health care providers and professionals. Overall research findings support positive effects of social and family support, early mild-cognitive screening, quality of social network, healthy choice eating, and physical and mental activity in improving healthy mild-cognitive aging.
The role of the Melibe buccal ganglia in feeding behavior

A series of anatomical, physiological and behavioral experiments were conducted to determine the role of the Melibe buccal ganglia in feeding. The small, paired buccal ganglia are located on the surface of the esophagus, communicate with each other via a long buccal‐buccal connective, and with the brain via bilaterally symmetrical cerebral‐buccal connectives. They also innervate the anterior and posterior regions of the esophagus, and the paired salivary glands. Stimulation of the cerebral‐buccal connectives causes slow rhythmic contractions of the esophagus, and stimulation of either the anterior or posterior buccal nerves results in single contractions of the esophagus. Removal of both buccal ganglia does not impair the ability of animals to capture food, but it has a significant impact on the transfer of captured prey through the esophagus. These data, taken together, indicate that the Melibe buccal ganglia do not influence the capture of food, but rather control movements of the esophagus which are ne...
Impact of motion and partial volume effects correction on PET myocardial perfusion imaging using simultaneous PET-MR.

PET is an established modality for myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) which enables quantification of absolute myocardial blood flow (MBF) using dynamic imaging and kinetic modeling. However, heart motion and partial volume effects (PVE) significantly limit the spatial resolution and quantitative accuracy of PET MPI. Simultaneous PET-MR offers a solution to the motion problem in PET by enabling MR-based motion correction of PET data. The aim of this study was to develop a motion and PVE correction methodology for PET MPI using simultaneous PET-MR, and to assess its impact on both static and dynamic PET MPI using 18F-Flurpiridaz, a novel 18F-labeled perfusion tracer. Two dynamic 18F-Flurpiridaz MPI scans were performed on healthy pigs using a PET-MR scanner. Cardiac motion was tracked using a dedicated tagged-MRI (tMR) sequence. Motion fields were estimated using non-rigid registration of tMR images and used to calculate motion-dependent attenuation maps. Motion correction of PET data was achieved by incorporating tMR-based motion fields and motion-dependent attenuation coefficients into image reconstruction. Dynamic and static PET datasets were created for each scan. Each dataset was reconstructed as (i) Ungated, (ii) Gated (end-diastolic phase), and (iii) Motion-Corrected (MoCo), each without and with point spread function (PSF) modeling for PVE correction. Myocardium-to-blood concentration ratios (MBR) and apparent wall thickness were calculated to assess image quality for static MPI. For dynamic MPI, segment- and voxel-wise MBF values were estimated by non-linear fitting of a 2-tissue compartment model to tissue time-activity-curves. MoCo and Gating respectively decreased mean apparent wall thickness by 15.1% and 14.4% and increased MBR by 20.3% and 13.6% compared to Ungated images (P < 0.01). Combined motion and PSF correction (MoCo-PSF) yielded 30.9% (15.7%) lower wall thickness and 82.2% (20.5%) higher MBR compared to Ungated data reconstructed without (with) PSF modeling (P < 0.01). For dynamic PET, mean MBF across all segments were comparable for MoCo (0.72 ± 0.21 ml/min/ml) and Gating (0.69 ± 0.18 ml/min/ml). Ungated data yielded significantly lower mean MBF (0.59 ± 0.16 ml/min/ml). Mean MBF for MoCo-PSF was 0.80 ± 0.22 ml/min/ml, which was 37.9% (25.0%) higher than that obtained from Ungated data without (with) PSF correction (P < 0.01). The developed methodology holds promise to improve the image quality and sensitivity of PET MPI studies performed using PET-MR.
Designing for Reuse in an Industrial Internet of Things Monitoring Application

The Internet of Things (IoT) continues to experience rapid growth, and its influence is extending into previously unreached domains. However, some of these new domains impose specific limitations that complicate the design and implementation of IoT systems. Examples of such limitations are the exclusion of specific protocols, restrictions on the types of data that can be collected, requirements about what information can be transmitted to the public and controls around how that communication occurs. Capturing, representing and designing for these limitations as well as reuse is essential for the quick and successful deployment of such projects. In this paper, we present a case study of an IoT human in the loop monitoring system built for use within an industrial setting. We report our experiences with both designing the first deployment of the system as well as designing variation points into the software architecture to account for future iterations and deployment into other environments.
"You Get What You Get"? Learner Agency in the Early Childhood Music Classroom.

In this article, I suggest that providing opportunities for agency (student choice or control) in the early childhood classroom could enhance student learning. One important way that young children...
Solution-Processed Complementary Resistive Switching Arrays for Associative Memory

Complementary resistive switches (CRS) based on back-to-back nanofilamentary resistive RAM devices have been fabricated by an all-solution-processed method, employing inkjet-printed Ag and Au contacts and a spin-coated sol–gel zirconium oxide dielectric layer. The devices demonstrate electrical switching behavior below 3 V, stable on-state windows, reasonable cycle lifetimes, and can be implemented in $2\times 2$ memory arrays with no crosstalk during addressing. For reliable operation and high yields of the CRS devices, printing and annealing processes were carefully optimized to eliminate the coffeering effect on the bottom electrode, and produce a pin-hole free dielectric. The arrays are fully pulse programmable and are able to retain their state for > $10^{4}$ s. Additionally, the arrays can be operated as associative or content addressable, memory for pattern matching applications, which is demonstrated through a basic hamming distance mapping measurement for different stored data states.
Role models without guarantees: corrective representations and the cultural politics of a Latino male teacher in the borderlands

In recent years mentorship has become a popular ‘solution’ for struggling boys of color and has led to the recruitment of more male of color teachers. While not arguing against the merits of mentor...
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: An update on the memorial sloan kettering cancer center experience and the role of premedication dental evaluation in prevention

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between type of antiresorptive medication and medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) onset and the role of premedication dental evaluation (PMDE) in the prevention of MRONJ. Study Design Our database of patients with MRONJ was reviewed. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze the onset dose of the 3 frequent medication types associated with MRONJ. To evaluate the role of PMDE in the prevention of MRONJ, all patients on antiresorptive and/or antiangiogenic medications seen in the Dental Service of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center during a 10-year period were subclassified into 2 groups. Group I comprised patients seen for PMDE before the commencement of A/A and group II patients seen after prior exposure to antiresorptive and/or antiangiogenic medications. Fischer's exact test was used to compare the incidence of MRONJ in both groups. Results Patients on denosumab developed MRONJ earlier compared with zoledronate and pamidronate (P = .003). Group I had a significantly reduced incidence of MRONJ (0.9%) compared with group II (10.5%) (P Conclusions Denosumab was associated with an earlier occurrence of MRONJ compared with zoledronate and pamidronate. The role of PMDE may be an effective preventive strategy in reducing the incidence of MRONJ.
Consumers with Visual Impairments: Impacts of Self-Efficacy and Public Self-Consciousness onTheir Clothing Selection Motivations

According to the U.S. Census (2013), approximately 57 million people in the U.S. have at least one form of disability. Because of physical or mental limitations, disabled individuals may engage in behaviors that are unlike those of others in their society (Ittyerah & Kumar, 2009). One such behavior that may be affected by disabilities is dress behavior. For example, if an individual has a visual impairment, she/he may need someone to assist with clothing selection and need clothing with less complicated design. Because consumer behavior research has typically focused on the general population of consumers and assumed consumers’ normalcy (Miller, 1997), the population of those with special needs has been largely ignored by researchers.
The Influence of Leakage Currents on MHD Pressure Drop

The MHD pressure drop in the second wall orifice which connects the first wall cooling channel and the header in one of the BCSS blankets is discussed. Though the second wall is thin, the pressure ...
Applications of Revuz and Palm Type Measures for Additive Functionals in Weak Duality

Several characterizations of additive functionals of a Markov process have been described in recent years. Under strong (Hunt) duality hypotheses this was accomplished in a series of papers by Revuz [14], [15], Getoor [9], and Sharpe [17]; for “symmetric” processes this was done by Fukushima [7] and Dynkin [4], [5]; earlier, the situation for Markov stochastic systems was investigated by Dynkin [3], [6]. Here, we obtain results along the same lines for processes in weak duality. The main tool is the “auxiliary process” [13] associated to a pair of Markov processes in weak duality. (Some facts about this process are recalled below.) Our approach is guided in part by similarities with the theory of flows ([8], [16]) and exploits the interplay between optionality and cooptionality in this context.
Significance of selected residual elements to the radiation sensitivity of A302-B steels

The effects of three levels of copper content and phosphorus content and two levels of sulfur content on radiation sensitivity and postirradiation heat treatment response were explored for a reactor pressure vessel steel, Type A302-B. Test plates for the investigation were produced from 182-kg (400-lb) laboratory melts. The contributions of individual elements were assessed from Charpy-V (CV) notch ductility changes with 288/sup 0/C (550/sup 0/F) irradiation and with a 343/sup 0/C (650/sup 0/F), 168-h postirradiation heat treatment. Limited studies of properties recovery by postirradiation 399/sup 0/C (750/sup 0/F) heat treatment were also made. Radiation embrittlement sensitivity, as shown by CV transition temperature elevation and CV upper shelf reduction, generally increased with increased copper and phosphorus content and with decreased sulfur content. Certain ranges of phosphorus and copper content were found to be more critical than others. Response to 343/sup 0/C (650/sup 0/F) postirradiation heat treatment, as evidenced by transition temperature recovery in degrees Celsius, appeared to be independent of copper, phosphorus, and sulfur content for the ranges investigated. Response to heat treatment also appeared to be independent of the magnitude of the prior transition temperature elevation by irradiation. On the other hand, a dependence of percentage recovery on impurity elementmore » content was observed. A dependence of upper shelf recovery on copper content was also found. Six of the eight plate compositions exhibited full upper shelf recovery but only small transition temperature recovery after 343/sup 0/C (650/sup 0/F) heat treatment.« less
Child-onset systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with a higher incidence of myopericardial manifestations compared to adult-onset disease.

ObjectivesThere are no population-based estimates of the incidence or risk factors for acute cardiac manifestations in children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) to guide screening and diagno...
Femtosecond-Assisted Cataract Surgery in Residency Training

Exposure to femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) in resident education is varied and limited to a few programs at this time. Although literature has been published on FLACS in experienced surgeons, there has been limited data on FLACS in resident-performed cataract surgery. Current literature in resident-performed surgery suggests less phacoemulsification energy; however, the data on outcomes and operative time are varied. Additional studies are needed to determine the benefits of FLACS in resident education. Regardless of the results, even minimal exposure to new technology for surgeons in training is beneficial if easily accessible by the residency program.
‘The Privileged Friendship’: Reassessing the Central Intelligence Agency Operation at Zaire’s Kamina Airbase

From 1986 to 1991, the United States Central Intelligence Agency funnelled arms to the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola through Zaire’s Kamina Airbase. Recently declassified docu...
Adult-Oriented Health Reform and Children’s Insurance and Access to Care: Evidence from Massachusetts Health Reform

Objective A national debate is underway about the value of key provisions within the adult-oriented Affordable Care Act (ACA)—the individual mandate, expansion of Medicaid eligibility, and essential benefits. How these provisions affect child health insurance and access to care may help us anticipate how children may be affected if the ACA is repealed. We study Massachusetts health reform because it enacted these key provisions statewide in 2006. Methods We used a difference-in-differences (DD) approach to assess the impact of Massachusetts health reform on uninsurance and access to care among children 0–17 years in Massachusetts compared to children in other New England states. The National Survey of Children’s Health provided the pre-reform year and two post-reform years (1 and 5 years post-reform). We analyzed outcomes for children overall and children previously and newly-eligible for Medicaid under Massachusetts health reform, adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, non-English language, and having special health care needs. Results Compared to other New England states, Massachusetts’s enactment of the individual mandate, Medicaid expansion, and essential benefits was associated with trends at 5 years post-reform toward lower uninsurance for children overall (DD = − 1.1, p-for-DD = 0.05), increased access to specialty care (DD = 7.7, p-for-DD = 0.06), but also with a decrease in access to preventive care (DD=-3.4, p-for-DD = 0.004). At 1 year post-reform, access to specialty care improved for children newly-Medicaid-eligible (DD = 18.3, p-for-DD = 0.03). Conclusions for Practice Adult-oriented health reforms may have reduced uninsurance and improved access to some types of care for children in Massachusetts. Repealing the ACA may produce modest detriments for children.
Chatter Diagnosis in Milling Using Supervised Learning and Topological Features Vector

Chatter detection has become a prominent subject of interest due to its effect on cutting tool life, surface finish and spindle of machine tool. Most of the existing methods in chatter detection literature are based on signal processing and signal decomposition. In this study, we use topological features of data simulating cutting tool vibrations, combined with four supervised machine learning algorithms to diagnose chatter in the milling process. Persistence diagrams, a method of representing topological features, are not easily used in the context of machine learning, so they must be transformed into a form that is more amenable. Specifically, we will focus on two different methods for featurizing persistence diagrams, Carlsson coordinates and template functions. In this paper, we provide classification results for simulated data from various cutting configurations, including upmilling and downmilling, in addition to the same data with some added noise. Our results show that Carlsson Coordinates and Template Functions yield accuracies as high as 96% and 95%, respectively. We also provide evidence that these topological methods are noise robust descriptors for chatter detection.
Atonement: response to critics

In this article, I respond to articles by Faith Pawl, Anne Jeffrey, and Kathryn Pogin that raise issues related to my book Atonement. The topics covered include the suffering of beasts, the necessity of Christ's atonement, the relationship of my interpretation of the doctrine of the atonement and that of Thomas Aquinas, and social and communal guilt and shame.
Transecting the fall and rise of brown rice — the historic encounters of the global food system, nutrition science, and malnutrition in the Philippines

ABSTRACTIn recent years, brown rice has been promoted as a healthy food in rice-consuming Asia following the global trend of consuming a diet rich in whole grains. Building on recent scholarly work...
Regulatory T Cells Condition Lymphatic Endothelia for Enhanced Transendothelial Migration.

Summary Regulatory T cells (Tregs) express high levels of cell surface lymphotoxin alpha beta (LTα1β2) to activate the LT beta receptor (LTβR) on the lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), modulating LEC adhesion molecules, intercellular junctions, and chemokines. We demonstrate a role for Tregs through this pathway to condition the permissiveness of lymphatic endothelia for transendothelial migration (TEM), thus gating leukocyte traffic. Human Tregs share the same property with murine Tregs. Activation of TLR2 on Tregs during inflammation specifically augments LTα1β2-LTβR signaling, which further enhances the permissiveness of LECs to facilitate TEM. The conditioning of endothelia may promote the resolution of inflammation by directing leukocytes out of tissues to lymphatic vessels and draining lymph nodes (dLNs). Thus, Tregs interact with lymphatic endothelia under homeostasis and inflammation and dictate endothelial permissiveness and gating mechanisms for subsequent leukocyte migration through endothelial barriers.
Confronting Corporate Power. Reflections of a United Nations Revolutionary: Frederic F. Clairmont (Pinang: Citizens International, 2019)

Frederic Clairmont’s latest book is an autobiographical account of the trials, tribulations and triumphs of generating progressive scholarship in hostile intellectual and bureaucratic environments....
Fractures in children and adolescents living with perinatally acquired HIV

Abstract Background Across numerous settings, bone mineral density for age and sex is lower in children/adolescents living with perinatally-acquired HIV (PHIV) compared to uninfected peers. We assessed incidences of any fracture/any long bone fracture, and osteoporosis prevalence in PHIV and HIV-exposed uninfected (PHEU) participants in the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study (PHACS). Methodology Lifetime history of fracture events from birth up to age 20 years was obtained by chart review and/or interview, including age at fracture, mechanism, and bone(s) fractured. Poisson regression models were fit comparing fracture incidence by HIV status adjusted for age, sex, and race, with effect modification by age ( Results PHIV (N = 412) were older (median 17.5 vs 16.7 yr) and more frequently reported black race (72% vs 61%) than PHEU children/adolescents (N = 206). 17% of PHIV and 12% of PHEU ever reported a fracture. Among children Conclusions Among children/adolescents ≥6 yr of age, fractures were similar by perinatal HIV status. Prospective, targeted collection of fracture history will be necessary to determine rates of fracture as PHIV and PHEU age into adulthood. Summary Lifetime fracture history was collected in children/adolescents living with perinatally-acquired HIV (PHIV) and HIV-exposed uninfected (PHEU) children from birth up to age 20 years. Fracture incidence was higher in PHIV compared to PHEU among children
Using Twitter for crisis communications in a natural disaster: Hurricane Harvey.

Abstract This article examines the use of social media, specifically Twitter, in crisis communications during a natural disaster and how it can provide information, guidance, reassurance and hope to victims while keeping others across the nation and the world apprised of the situation so they can provide assistance, as needed. A case study looks at how the mayor of Houston, Texas, Sylvester Turner, used Twitter during Hurricane Harvey in August and September of 2017. The case study is analyzed using restorative rhetoric theory, revealing the use of Twitter by Mayor Turner to be a strong example of successful restorative rhetoric during a natural disaster. This research affirms the findings of other researchers that the restorative rhetoric stages overlap, and that the theory may be improved with some variation based on crisis type. This research also shows that Mayor Turner's use of Twitter exemplifies best practices for using social media in crisis communications with very few opportunities for improvement. This article offers suggestions to crisis managers on how to use Twitter to prepare for, communicate during, and go forward following a natural disaster.