cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Teaching Pricing Principles and Price Policies

HIS paper deals with the various aspects and importance of "industrial prices and price policy" as an integral part of the course in Industrial Marketing. The scope of the paper is restricted to an appraisal and evaluation of the subject matter on prices and price policy to be included in such a course. An analysis of the economic, marketing and social effects of industrial pricing policies is not within the purview of this subject. It is assumed that the student prior to taking the course in Industrial Marketing has had as minimum preparation a five or six hour course in Principles of Economics and a three hour course in Principles of Marketing. Without the analytical tools of economic analysis the student is not equipped to cope with the complex pricing problems found in the field of industrial marketing. It is patent that the principles course in marketing orients the student in such matters as marketing functions, institutions, policies, etc. This course also serves to correlate the student's knowledge of economic theory (primarily value theory) with the institutional framework of our marketing structure; it also provides that blending of theoretical economics with actual marketing situations so essential for penetrating analysis and evaluation. With this preparation the student should be capable of handling the material on prices and price policy in the Industrial Marketing course.'
Efficiency of Three Aphid Species in the Transmission of Pea Enation Mosaic Virus

The relative efliciencies of pea enation mosaic virus (PEMV) acquisition by the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), the potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), and the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae . (Sul/er), were obtained through the use of 2 to 4 strains per species. No significant differences in acquisition emciency were detected in 2 M . persicae or 3 Macrosiphum euphorbiae strains, but 4 A. pisllm strains were split into 3 signifkantly different efficiency groups. The most efficient pea aphid strain was 10 and 53.7% efficient after acquisition access probing periods of 1 hour and 24 hours, respectively; the poorest strain had corresponding values of 3.3 and 13%. Myzus persicae had an acquisition threshold of 0.5 hour or less whereas Macrosiphum euphorbiae and A. pisum thresholds were 0.5-1 hour and 1 hour or less, respectively. The pooled data Erom all test strains ranked the 3 species in the following order of descending efficiency: Myzus persicae, Macrosiphum euphorbiae , and A. pisum . Inoculation trials with an aphid strain which was highly efficient in PEMV acquisition revealed that A. pisum and M. euphorbiae were capable of virus inoculations to pea in 1 min or less; Myzus persicae required 5 minutes or less, but too few trials were conducted at 1 minute to rule it out. Increases in inoculation probing time from 15 to 60 minutes had little or no effect on A. pisum and M. persicae , whereas Macrosiphum euphorbiae efficiency increased exponentially.
URGENT PROBLEMS IN ULCERATIVE DISEASES OF THE BOWEL.

The specific cause of ulcerative disease of the bowel is unknown, but many problems may soon be solved. Clinical and pathologic evidence shows that (1) toxic megacolon occurs only in chronic ulcerative colitis, (2) persistent perineal fistulization develops in granulomatous ileocolitis or terminal ileitis in the same manner as in normal persons but is initiated by a small patch of granulomatous involvement of the rectum, (3) fistulization occurs only in the perineal area in ulcerative colitis but is seen at other sites in granulomatous disease, and (4) a workable classification of diseases of the bowel is possible.
Study on the viral etiology of 178 cases of acute respiratory infection in children under the age of 5

OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to assess the viral etiology of acute respiratory tract infection(ARTI) in children under the age of 5, so to provide effective strategies for the treatment and prevention of the disease. METHODS Throat swab specimens of children with confirmed ARTI at sentinel hospitals were collected, and multiplex PCR was used to identify 15 strains of respiratory virus from the speciemens. RESULTS Among the 178 specimens, 99 were tested positive and the positive rate was 55.62%. Respiratory syncytial virus A(RSV-A) was the most common virus among the positive specimens, accounting for 24.24% of the cases; other common viruses included human rhinovirus( HRV), adenovirus(ADV), and human enterovirus(HEV). 14 cases of mixed infection with two or more strains of virus were identified, with a positive rate of 7.87%; infection with HRV and other viruses were the most common mixed infection among the cases. Significant difference in the positive rate of viral infection among the children was observed in different quarters of the year; positive rate was the highest in the third quarter and the lowest in the first quarter. Infection with HEV, ADV, RSV-A, influenza virus type A(IVA), and parainfluenzavirus type 2(PIV2) among the children significantly varied in different quarters of the year. Positive constituent of ADV and PIV2 infections in the first quarter were higher than that in the 3 other quarters,and positive constituent of IVA in the second quarter, HEV in the third quarter, and RSV-A in the fourth quarter were higher than those in the 3 other quarters. Among the four major viral pathogens, RSV-A infection, HRV and ADV infections,and HEV infection occurred primarily in the fourth, the first, and the third quarter, respectively. CONCLUSION RSV-A,HRV, ADV, and HEV are the main viral pathogens for acute respiratory infections in children in the Shijiazhuang area, and HRV is responsible for most of the mixed infection cases. Epidemiological characteristics of the infections vary in different quarters of the year.
Relative Labeling of Leukocytes, Erythrocytes and Platelets in Human Blood by 51Chromium

Relative labeling of peripheral blood cells by 51-chromium was determined by means of a sucrose gradient density separation technic and confirmed by radioautography. Large lymphocytes and monocytes were found to be more heavily labeled than small lymphocytes and granulocytes. Erythrocytes and platelets were relatively lightly labeled. These differences in labeling are important in evaluating data obtained when 51-chromium is utilized as a cell label for the study of leukocyte kinetics.
Voltage Response of Primary Resonance of Electrostatically Actuated MEMS Clamped Circular Plate Resonators

This paper investigates the voltage–amplitude response of soft alternating current (AC) electrostatically actuated micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) clamped circular plates for sensing applications. The case of soft AC voltage of frequency near half natural frequency of the plate is considered. Soft AC produces small to very small amplitudes away from resonance zones. Nearness to half natural frequency results in primary resonance of the system, which is investigated using the method of multiple scales (MMS) and numerical simulations using reduced order model (ROM) of seven terms (modes of vibration). The system is assumed to be weakly nonlinear. Pull-in instability of the voltage–amplitude response and the effects of detuning frequency and damping on the response are reported.
Transnational Feminism in Psychology: Moving Beyond Difference to Investigate Processes of Power at the Intersection of the Global and Local

Transnational feminism, in particular, arose during the 1980s out of the interplay between global and local practices influenced by neoliberalism that were denying women’s rights, permitting exploitation, and reproducing subjugation. Therefore, the mobilization and collective identity behind transnational feminism is rooted in a shared criticism of and resistance to how neoliberal economic policies and governments create structural conditions that limit women’s rights in their respective locations. To date, processes of resistance that have fueled individuals committed to collective action aimed at social justice for women have received only limited attention from the discipline of psychology. Because an aim of transnational feminism is to contribute to efforts toward social justice in a global context, a transnational feminist psychology needs to move beyond a focus on difference to examine the psychosocial processes behind oppression and resistance that are critical to creating the transformations necessary for gender justice. This chapter will discuss the role transnational feminism has begun to play in the discipline of psychology and conclude with a list of suggested “best practices” for feminist psychologists interested in conducting investigations from a transnational feminist perspective.
We're all the same (women in engineering)

Women in the technical workplace often find that they are treated differently from their male peers. Whereas gender is not an issue in the competency of employees in today's technical facilities, the so-called genderless workplace still does not exist. The genderless workplace is one in which employees are hired on the basis of qualifications and those features that make each person an individual but are not pluses or minuses on the job are ignored. Several areas, ranging from the day-to-day work environment to the responsibilities of employees who are parents, are considered with regard to achieving the goal of the genderless workplace. The efforts that can be made in a company to fully integrate the technical women on the staff into the team, from changes in the day-to-day decorum of the work environment to the equality of working parents, are discussed. >
Direct and indirect effects of herbivory: Feeding by spittlebugs affects pollinator visitation rates and seedset of Rudbeckia hirta

In this study, I examined the effect of the spittlebug Philaenus spumarius on the reproductive output of the monocarpic forb Rudbeckia hirta. Herbivores may affect reproductive output either by red...
Predicting Restenosis of Drug-Eluting Stents Placed in Real-World Clinical Practice Derivation and Validation of a Risk Model From the EVENT Registry

Background —Prediction of restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains challenging, and existing risk assessment algorithms were developed before the widespread adoption of drug-eluting stents (DES). Method and Results —We used data from the EVENT registry to develop a risk model for predicting target lesion revascularization (TLR) in 8829 unselected patients undergoing DES implantation between 2004 and 2007. Using a split-sample validation technique, predictors of TLR at 1 year were identified from two thirds of the subjects (derivation cohort) using multiple logistic regression. Integer point values were created for each predictor, and the summed risk score (range, 0 to 10) was applied to the remaining sample (validation cohort). At 1 year, TLR occurred in 4.2% of patients, and after excluding stent thrombosis and early mechanical complications, the incidence of late TLR (more likely representing restenosis-related TLR) was 3.6%. Predictors of TLR were age <60, prior PCI, unprotected left main PCI, saphenous vein graft PCI, minimum stent diameter ≤2.5 mm, and total stent length ≥40 mm. Comparison of observed versus predicted rates of TLR according to risk score demonstrated good model fit in the validation set. There was more than a 3-fold difference in TLR rates between the lowest risk category (score=0; TLR rate, 2.2%) and the highest risk category (score ≥5; TLR rate, 7.5%). Conclusions —The overall incidence of TLR remains low among unselected patients receiving DES in routine clinical practice. A simple risk model incorporating 6 readily available clinical and angiographic variables helps identify individuals at extremely low ( 7%) risk of TLR after DES implantation.
A two-year retrospective evaluation of perampanel in patients with highly drug-resistant epilepsy and cognitive impairment

Abstract Purpose The objective of this work was to review systematically the efficacy and tolerability of perampanel (PER) in residential patients of an epilepsy center. Method We adopted an industry-independent noninterventional retrospective evaluation on the basis of the paper and electronic records complemented by personal information on the part of the treating neurologists. All patients (N = 26, 15 females, mean age: 30, range 21–55 years) started on PER from its introduction to the market in September 2012 until December 15th 2013 were included. Evaluation was carried out after 6, 12, and 24 months of PER treatment. Changes in seizure frequency were calculated as the number of seizures during three months on PER compared to a three-month baseline period. The Clinical Global Impression Scale served as an instrument to record changes in seizure intensity beyond numerical values. Adverse effects were documented by means of the Liverpool Adverse Events Profile. Results Most patients had structural or metabolic epilepsy, 2 patients suffered from Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, 2 from other symptomatic generalized epilepsy. All patients had grade III drug-resistant epilepsy. All patients had additional cognitive deficits of different degree. The retention rates were 61.5% after 6 months, 46.2% after 12 months, and 42.3% after 24 months. The responder rates were 11.5% after 6 months, 23.1% after 12 months, and 7.7% after 24 months. Partial responders (positive CGI and/or seizure reduction Conclusions After one year of treatment PER showed reasonable efficacy in a particularly difficult-to-treat population. Psychiatric adverse effects forced discontinuation in many cases.
A “Reimagined SLA” or an Expanded SLA?: A Rejoinder to The Douglas Fir Group (2016)

A review is presented to the article "A transdisciplinary framework for SLA in a multilingual world," published in a previous issue of the journal, on second language learning.
Radiographic Alignment After Minimally Invasive Total Knee Arthroplasty: Prospective, Randomised, Controlled Trial Comparing Two Approaches

Introduction: Proponents of quadriceps-sparing (QS) subvastus approach for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) suggest short-term advantages including better early functional results, less pain and shorter hospital stay. However, because of potentially reduced visibility and exposure, the QS approach may compromise component alignment – an important surgeon-controlled outcome affecting implant longevity. The purpose of this study was to determine if a QS approach resulted in compromised component alignment compared to a medial parapatellar arthrotomy (MPPA), when both were performed with contemporary minimally invasive surgery (MIS) principles including small incision (≤ 15 cm), MIS instrumentation, patellar subluxation without eversion, and in situ bone cuts. Methods: This prospective, randomized, double-blinded study enrolled 128 patients with knee osteoarthritis undergoing primary TKA using the same cemented, posterior-stabilized prosthesis. After skin incision, patients were randomized to MPPA (n = 66) or QS technique (n = 62), with all surgeries performed by two fellowship-trained arthroplasty surgeons. Using the Knee Society roentgenographic evaluation system, two reviewers blinded to the surgical approach evaluated post-operative radiographs to measure coronal and sagittal plane alignment using the standing femoral and tibial angles as well as the lateral femoral flexion and tibial angles. Inter-observer agreement was ensured by a secondary review of all x-rays where the two observers differed by more than 1 degree in their measurements of a specific radiograph. Differences in mean angles were evaluated using the general linear model and differences in proportions were evaluated using binary regression. All analyses were conducted with SAS 9.3 on the Windows Ultimate 64-bit operating system. Results: Standing and lateral radiographs were available for 63 of 66 patients in the MPPA group and 61 of 62 patients in the QS group. No significant differences were noted in either coronal or sagittal plane component alignment between the two groups and the proportion of patients whose implants were in the normally acceptable range of alignment was not significantly different between the QS and MPPA groups (Table 1). The inter-rater reliability for each of the four radiographic measures was above .90. Conclusions: In this prospective, randomized, blinded study, a QS surgical approach did not result in radiographic alignment differences or an increase in TKA component malalignment relative to a MPPA approach, when MIS principles were adhered to in both groups. Of all measurements, the standing tibial angle showed the most outliers in terms of acceptable alignment, with coronal plane tibial component position outside the desired range in 17.5% of patients in the MPPA group and 16.4% of patients in the QS group.
The Change of Feudalism and the Outbreak of German Peasant War of 1525: A Structural Analysis

(1988). The Change of Feudalism and the Outbreak of German Peasant War of 1525: A Structural Analysis. Chinese Historians: Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 1-16.
"How Outstanding Leaders Lead With Affect: Examining Charismatic, Ideological, And Pragmatic Leaders"

The CIP Model of Leadership has received increasing attention throughout the past decade. Research in this area has examined how leaders develop mental models, frame visions, communicate goals, and utilize political tactics to form relationships with followers and impact society in a meaningful way. However, discussion of how these types of leaders use affect and influence tactics to influence followers and society is notably absent in the literature. To fill this gap, the current effort focuses on how charismatic, ideological, and pragmatic leaders differ in their use of emotional displays and influence tactics while maintaining similar levels of communication and leadership effectiveness and follower satisfaction. Results suggest that the CIP leader types can be successfully delineated by examining the leader’s use of emotional displays and influence tactics, suggesting a potential new dimension in the CIP model. Implications of these findings are also discussed.
A Review of the Historical, Criminological, and Theoretical Understandings of the Cambodian American Population: A Call for More Comprehensive Research.

The collective view of Asian Americans as model minorities is evident with the extensive amount of statistical data showing support for the academic and socioeconomic success of Asian Americans in the United States. This perception, however, often presents an inaccurate portrayal of Asian Americans, in general, as it overlooks many of the difficulties and hardships experienced by Asian American ethnic groups such as Southeast Asians. Within this group, Cambodian Americans are at the highest risk for experiencing socioeconomic hardships, behavioral health problems, substance use disorders, and contact with the criminal justice system, with deportation also being a prevailing issue. Unfortunately, research in this area is scant and contemporary research on Cambodian Americans has several limitations. To begin to address this issue, the present article merges information from existing research on this population from a sociohistorical, criminological, and theoretical standpoint to call for more comprehensive...
Self-Compassion Mediates Improvement in Well-being in a Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program in a Community-Based Sample

Numerous studies have found mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) to be useful for a range of problems including anxiety, pain, and coping with a medical illness. As the field matures, there is a growing interest in mediational factors associated with the beneficial effects of MBSR. Self-compassion is a construct of increasing focus in empirical study and may play a role in the change process leading to improvement in well-being through MBSR. The primary goal of this pilot study was to examine the role of self-compassion in producing improved well-being following an 8-week MBSR program with a community-based sample. Participants engaged in a MBSR program at a major academic medical center and completed the Profile of Mood States (POMS), Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), and the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) pre- and post-MBSR course. Results demonstrated significant reduction of symptoms on the POMS and significant increases on the MAAS and SCS at the end of the program, indicating notable improvements in well-being. Mediation analyses demonstrated that changes in self-compassion mediated the relationship between mindfulness and well-being following MBSR training (serial indirect effects; β = − 9.45, CI (− 39.06, − 7.50)). These results suggest that mindfulness may provide a pathway to cultivating self-compassion in MBSR, which may be associated with enhanced well-being.
Complex shaped boron carbides from negative additive manufacturing

Abstract Complex shaped boron carbide with carbon (B4C/C) at near-full densities were achieved for the first time using negative additive manufacturing techniques via gelcasting. Negative additive manufacturing involves 3D printing of sacrificial molds used for casting negative copies. B4C powder distributions and rheology of suspensions were optimized to successfully cast complex shapes. In addition to demonstrating scalability of these complex geometries, hierarchically meso-porous structures were also shown to be possible from this technique. Resorcinol-Formaldehyde (RF) polymer was selected as the gelling agent and can also pyrolyze into a carbon aerogel network to act as the sintering aid for B4C. Due to the highly effective distribution of in situ carbon for the B4C matrix, near-full sintered density of 97–98% of theoretical maximum density was achieved.
The C-Type Lectin Domain Gene Family in Aedes aegypti and Their Role in Arbovirus Infection

Several medically important flaviviruses that are transmitted by mosquitoes have been shown to bind to the C-type lectin fold that is present in either vertebrate or invertebrate proteins. While in some cases this interaction is part of a neutralizing anti-viral immune response, many reports have implicated this as critical for successful virus entry. Despite the establishment of mosquito C-type lectin domain containing proteins (CTLDcps) as known host factors in assisting the infectious process for flaviviruses, little is known about the structural characteristics of these proteins and their relationships to each other. In this report, we describe the manual annotation and structural characterization of 52 Aedes aegypti CTLDcps. Using existing RNAseq data, we establish that these genes can be subdivided into two classes: those highly conserved with expression primarily in development (embryo/early larvae) and those with no clear orthologs with expression primarily in late larvae/pupae or adults. The latter group contained all CTLDcps that are regulated by the Toll/Imd immune pathways, all known microbiome-regulating CTLDcps, and almost all CTLDcps that are implicated as flavivirus host factors in A. aegypti. Finally, we attempt to synthesize results from multiple conflicting gene expression profiling experiments in terms of how flavivirus infection changes steady-state levels of mRNA encoding CTLDcps.
Embodiment of Evil: Law Firms in the Movies

Most American lawyers now practice in law firms, ranging from small partnerships to immense multi-national megafirms. In the movies, lawyers in solo practice have often been presented favorably, but when lawyers band together into law firms, the firms are almost always portrayed unfavorably. Recent films involving larger law firms, such as "The Firm," "The Devil's Advocate," or "Philadelphia" been venomously negative. Professor Asimow traces the history of law firms in film, concentrating particularly on Orson Welles' noir masterpiece "The Lady from Shanghai," which he believes invented the idea that law firms are an embodiment of evil. Asimow believes that the explanation for the rash of harshly negative big-firm movies lies both in the public's evident distaste for lawyers in general and law firms in particular and in the traditional anti-business theme in film narrative. He sketches the history of the big law firm and contends that the world of big firm law practice has swung sharply in the direction of a business model rather than the traditional professionalism model. Finally, Asimow contends that in several respects the depiction in contemporary films of large firm life and law practice is fundamentally on target. In particular, the treatment in the movies of lawyer life style, billing improprieties, and hardball litigation tactics appears to be essentially correct.
Social Justice: Preservation of Cultures in Traditional Agriculture

Culture and agriculture coevolved, with traditional agriculture supported not only by norms and values but also by rituals and ceremonies that linked humans to the land through community. With colonization and settlement, traditional agriculture as done by native people was viewed as uncivilized and later unscientific. Moreover, because settlers needed land, the better way was to claim it than removing the farmers and their culture from the landscape. Legal systems that did not honor communal land right compounded the loss of traditional agricultures and the cultures that supported the people on the land. Land grabs have accelerated that removal.
Estrogen-Dependent Kidney Tumors

Kidney tumors in laboratory animals, in particular, hormone-dependent tumors, were subjected to detailed investigations in the hope of obtaining insight concerning genesis and treatment of human kidney cancer. Shared characteristics between renal adenocarcinoma in human beings (reviewed elsewhere by Kantor, 1977, and Clark and Anderson, 1976) and in laboratory animals led to suggestions (Bloom et al., 1967; Bloom and Wallace, 1964) that a hormonal influence on renal carcinoma in human beings may exist, although such relationships were never established. Also, kidney development from the embryonic urogenital ridge suggested an influence of hormones in kidney function and neoplastic transformation.
IUE Observations of White Dwarfs and Hot Subdwarfs

The International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) has been used by Greenstein and Oke to obtain low resolution spectra from 1150 to 3200 A of a selection of white dwarfs and hot subdwarfs. The observations can be converted to absolute fluxes so that, by including energy distributions measured with the multichannel spectrometer on the Hale telescope, fluxes can be derived between 1150 and 11000 A. The IUE absolute fluxes show erratic level shifts of up to 20 percent and probably also smaller changes in the slope. These shifts are probably associated with the level of the radiation induced background coupled with uncertainties in the calibration of the non-linear detectors. In many cases, these anomalies in the fluxes are obvious, but they do decrease the accuracy with which temperatures and gravities can be determined.
Venetoclax in a Patient with a Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic-Cell Neoplasm.

Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic-Cell Neoplasm A patient with a rare, aggressive, blastic plasmacytoid dendritic-cell neoplasm had tumor cells overexpressing BCL2 and had a response with a durable re...
Ten theses for an aesthetics of politics

Davide Panagia begins his Ten Theses for an Aesthetics of Politics with a striking example of an image toward which we have a political responsibility to be something other than critical: the face ...
Pediatric West Nile Virus-Associated Neuroinvasive Disease: A Review of the Literature

Over the past two decades, West Nile virus has become the most common arbovirus in North America, leading to several outbreaks and infecting thousands of people. Mosquitos help transmit the virus in the majority of cases, but transmission occurs via blood transfusions, organ transplantation, and possibly pregnancy and breastfeeding. While most infected patients experience mild to no symptoms, thousands of West Nile virus-associated neuroinvasive cases have been reported in the United States, with over 700 cases occurring in children from 2003 to 2016. Neuroinvasive disease presents as meningitis, encephalitis, or acute flaccid paralysis, and carries a high likelihood of poor outcome, including severe neurological disability or death. To date, no pharmacologic treatment has proven effective. Therapeutic clinical trials have not been successfully completed due to the sporadic nature of viral outbreaks and resultant poor study enrollment. Although older age and chronic disease are risk factors for neuroinvasive West Nile virus disease in adults, the specific factors that influence the risk in pediatric populations have not been fully elucidated. This review summarizes the most recent literature regarding West Nile virus-associated neuroinvasive disease, especially as it pertains to the pediatric population. Moreover, the review describes the epidemiology, clinical, laboratory, and radiographic findings, and outlines the various therapies that have been trialed and potential future research directions.
Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation Overcomes the Negative Prognostic Impact of TP53 Alterations in Mantle Cell Lymphoma

TP53 alterations detected by chromosome 17p deletion, oncogenic mutation, or p53 protein overexpression portend extremely poor prognosis for patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), despite aggressive upfront therapy including consolidative high-dose therapy autologous stem cell transplant and; more recently, novel agents such as ibrutinib or lenalidomide. We reviewed outcomes of 42 patients with available TP53 status who had received reduced-intensity/non-myeloablative conditioning (RIC/NMA) allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (allo-HCT) for MCL at our institution and examined the impact of TP53 alteration and other clinical factors on outcomes. Nineteen patients had TP53 alterations including 17p deletion (n=3), oncogenic mutation (n=7), and strong p53 protein overexpression by immunohistochemistry (n=9). There were no differences in demographic or clinical characteristics among patients with and without TP53 alterations (Table 1). With a median follow-up for survivors of 23 months (range 4-119), the one-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) is 87% (95% CI 72-94) and 74% (95% CI 57-85), respectively (Figure 1A). The one-year cumulative incidence of relapse and non-relapse mortality is 16% (95% CI 6-29) and 10% (95% CI 3-22), respectively (Figure 1B). The cumulative incidences of grade II-IV acute GVHD is 38% at 180 days (95% CI 24-53), and of any chronic GVHD is 33% at three-year (95% CI 17-49). Importantly, there is no statistically significant difference in OS (p=0.582, Figure 1C), and cumulative incidence of relapse (p=0.715, Figure 1D) among patients with and without TP53 alterations. In univariate and multivariate analyses, we find that only Ki67 >30% is a significant predictor of PFS (HR 4.1, 95% CI 1.1-15.5, p=0.024), and that only Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) Disclosures Ho:Invivoscribe, Inc.: Honoraria. Hamlin:Portola: Consultancy. Perales:Novartis: Other: Personal fees; Incyte: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Personal fees and Clinical trial support; Merck: Other: Personal fees; Takeda: Other: Personal fees; Abbvie: Other: Personal fees. Sauter:Juno Therapeutics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Sanofi-Genzyme: Consultancy, Research Funding; Spectrum Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy; Precision Biosciences: Consultancy; Kite: Consultancy.
Implementing big data strategies: A managerial perspective

Abstract Despite considerable recent advances in big data analytics, there is substantial evidence that many organizations have failed to incorporate them effectively in their own decision-making processes. Advancing the existing understandings, this article lays out the steps necessary to implement big data strategies successfully. To this end, we first explain how the big data analytics cycle can provide useful insights into the characteristics of the environments in which many organizations operate. Next, we review some common challenges faced by many organizations in their uses of big data analytics and offer specific recommendations for mitigating them. Among these recommendations, which are rooted in the findings of strategy implementation research, we emphasize managerial responsibilities in providing continued commitment and support, the effective communication and coordination of efforts, and the development of big data knowledge and expertise. Finally, in order to help managers obtain a fundamental knowledge of big data analytics, we provide an easy-to-understand explanation of important big data algorithms and illustrate their successful applications through a number of real-life examples.
Effects of Charging Infrastructure and Non-Electric Taxi Competition on Electric Taxi Adoption Incentives in New York City:

With major investments in electric taxis emerging around the world, there is a need to better understand resource allocation trade-offs in subsidizing electric vehicle taxis (e-taxis) and investing...
Identifying High Value Opportunities for Human in the Loop Lexicon Expansion

Many real world analytics problems examine multiple entities or classes that may appear in a corpus. For example, in a customer satisfaction survey analysis there are over 60 categories of (somewhat overlapping) concerns. Each of these is backed by a lexicon of terminology associated with the concern (e.g., “Easy, user friendly process” or ”Process confusing, too many handoffs”). These categories need to be expanded by a subject matter expert as the terminology is not always straight forward (e.g., “handoffs” may also include “ping-pong” and “hot potato” as relevant terms). But given that Subject Matter Expert time is costly, which of the 60+ lexicons should we expand first? We propose a metric for evaluating an existing set of lexicons and providing guidance on which are likely to benefit most from human-in-the-loop expansion. Using our ranking results we achieved ≈ 4 × improvement in impact when expanding the first few lexicons off our suggested list as compared to a random selection.
Genetic variation and relationship among content of vitamins, pigments, and sugars in baby leaf lettuce.

Baby leaf lettuce harvested approximately 30 days after planting is the primary component of spring mix salads, a popular type of packaged salads. Very little is known, however, about the content of vitamins, sugars, and pigments in young lettuce plants. Therefore, plants of 42 accessions harvested at baby leaf stage were analyzed for the contents of vitamin C, s-carotene, anthocyanins, chlorophylls, glucose, fructose, and sucrose. Significant differences among accessions were found for content of all seven compounds plus sucrose sweetness equivalency (SSE) and average vitamin load (AVLAC). "Floricos" was highest in all sugars, SSE and vitamin C; "Taiwan" was highest in s-carotene and AVLAC, and "Annapolis" and "Darkland" were highest for anthocyanins and chlorophyll contents, respectively. The lowest content of glucose and sucrose was found in iceberg "Salinas," fructose in L. serriola accession UC96US23, vitamin C in PI 257288, and β-carotene in "Solar." The lowest relative sweetness (SSE) was calculated for UC96US23, followed by "Salinas," while the lowest AVLAC was estimated for PI 257288. There were very strong, positive correlations among contents of the three sugars, and between β-carotene and vitamin C, and β-carotene and anthocyanins. Composition profiles of accessions presented in this study, together with identified associations between compounds, can be used by breeders, growers, and producers to select lettuces with desirable combinations of sugars, pigments, and vitamins. This information can help in development of new cultivars and breeding lines with desirable combination of traits, pleasing taste, and higher vitamin content.
False negative diagnoses of critical congenital heart disease with screening neonatal pulse oximetry.

Background False negative pulse oximeter results occur in new born infants with critical congenital heart disease who have an oximeter saturation ≥95%. Some of these infants have abnormal physical findings but others do not. Objectives To determine the causes of false negative results. Methods Mathematical analysis of determinants of arterial oxygen saturation and discussion of oximeter bias. Results False negative oximeter results are not rare; the sensitivity of pulse oximetry screening for critical congenital heart disease is about 80%. The high saturation may be due to a very small right-to-left shunt at the time of study, a relatively high cardiac output and mixed venous saturation, or to positive bias in oximeter readings. It may also be due to some critical congenital heart lesions that do not show desaturation at the time of testing. Conclusions A diagnosis of a normal heart based on a negative oximeter test is presumptive, and requires careful follow-up for 1-2 weeks after birth.
Nitrite elicits divergent NO-dependent signaling that associates with outcome in out of hospital cardiac arrest.

Abstract Brain and heart injury cause most out-of-hospital cardiac arrest deaths but limited pharmacotherapy exists to protect these tissues. Nitrite is a nitric oxide precursor that is protective in pre-clinical models of ischemic injury and safe in Phase I testing. Protection may occur by cGMP generation via the sGC pathway or through S-nitrosothiol and nitrated conjugated linoleic acid (NO2-CLA) formation. We hypothesized that nitrite provided during CPR signals through multiple pathways and that activation of signals is associated with OHCA outcome. To this end, we performed a secondary analysis of a phase 1 study of intravenous nitrite administration during resuscitation in adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Associations between whole blood nitrite and derived plasma signals (cGMP and NO2-CLA) with patient characteristics and outcomes were defined using Chi-square or t-tests and multiple logistic regression. Whole blood nitrite levels correlated inversely with plasma NO2-CLA (p = 0.039) but not with cGMP. Patients with shockable rhythms had higher cGMP (p = 0.027), NO2-CLA (p
BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF AMINO-TERMINAL AMINO ACID VARIANTS OF BOVINE SOMATOTROPIN

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the biological activity of amino-terminal amino acid variants of bovine somatotropin (bST). Recombinant DNA techniques were used to produce individual analogues of the bST species found in pituitary preparations. The purified analogues were tested to determine the biological activity of the individual components of pituitary bST preparations. Oligonucleotide-directed, site-specific mutagenesis of the bST structural gene was used to prepare genes coding for the 6 analogues of pituitary bST species which includes ala(l) leu(127) bSTand ala(1) val(127) bST and met(1) leu(127) bST and met(1) val(127) bST and deletion (aa 1 -4) leu( 127) bSTand and deletion (aa 1-4) val(127) bST. The purified 191 amino acid proteins leu(127) bST, ala(1) val(127) bST, met(1) leu(127) bST, and met(1) val(127) bST, showed equivalent activity when tested in a bovine liver radioreceptor assay, in an anti-insulin assay utilizing 3T3L1 adipocytes, and in rat weight gain assays. It is found that when administered to dairy cows as a 25 mg daily intramuscular injection, all 4 somatotropins increased 3.5% fat-corrected milk production above control. N-terminal methionine and alanine bSTs increased FCM to the same extent.
An Application Agnostic Defense Against the Dark Arts of Cryptojacking

The popularity of cryptocurrencies has garnered interest from cybercriminals, spurring an onslaught of cryptojacking campaigns that aim to hijack computational resources for the purpose of mining cryptocurrencies. In this paper, we present a cross-stack cryptojacking defense system that spans the hardware and OS layers. Unlike prior work that is confined to detecting cryptojacking behavior within web browsers, our solution is application agnostic. We show that tracking instructions that are frequently used in cryptographic hash functions serve as reliable signatures for fingerprinting cryptojacking activity. We demonstrate that our solution is resilient to multi-threaded and throttling evasion techniques that are commonly employed by cryptojacking malware. We characterize the robustness of our solution by extensively testing a diverse set of workloads that include real consumer applications. Finally, an evaluation of our proof-of-concept implementation shows minimal performance impact while running a mix of benchmark applications
Anti-Androgen Therapy Radiosensitizes Androgen Receptor Positive Cancers to F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose.

Background: A subset (35%) of triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) express androgen receptor (AR) activity. However, clinical trials with anti-androgen drugs have shown limited efficacy with about a 19% clinical benefit rate. We investigate the therapeutic enhancement of anti-androgens as radiosensitizers in combination with 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) in TNBC. Methods: We screened five candidate drugs to evaluate shared toxicity when combined with either 18F-FDG, X-ray or ultraviolet (UV) radiation, at doses below their respective sub-IC50 values. Cytotoxic enhancement of anti-androgen in combination with 18F-FDG was evaluated using cell proliferation and DNA damage assays. Finally, therapeutic efficacy of the combination treatment was evaluated in mouse tumor models of TNBC and prostate cancer. Results: Bicalutamide (Bical), an anti-androgen drug, was identified to share similar toxicity in combination with either 18F-FDG or X-rays, indicating its sensitivity as a radiosensitizer to 18F-FDG. Cell proliferation assays demonstrated selective toxicity of combination Bical-18F-FDG in AR-positive 22RV1 and MDA-MB-231 cells in comparison to AR-negative PC3 cells. Quantitative DNA damage and cell cycle arrest assays further confirmed radiation induced damage to cells suggesting the role of Bical as a radiosensitizer to 18F-FDG-mediated radiation damage. Animal studies in MDA-MB-231, 22RV1 and PC3 mouse tumor models demonstrated significant attenuation of tumor growth through combination of Bical and 18F-FDG in the AR-positive model in comparison to the AR-negative model. Histopathology corroborated the in vitro and in vivo data and confirmed the absence of off-target toxicity to vital organs. Conclusion: These data provide evidence that 18F-FDG in conjunction with anti-androgens serving as radiosensitizers has utility as a radiotherapeutic agent in the ablation of AR-positive cancers.
Obstructive sleep apnea in infancy: a 7-year experience at a pediatric sleep center.

SummaryPurpose To investigate the common indications for polysomnogram (PSG) associated co-morbid conditions, evaluation strategies, treatment options, and outcomes in a series of infants diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by a PSG. Methods Retrospective chart review of infants who underwent PSG over a 7-year period was done. Infants with PSG diagnosed OSA were included in this study. Results A total of 97 infants (59 males, mean age 4.6 months, standard deviation 3.3 months) were diagnosed with OSA (AHI ≥ 1/hr) based on PSG. The most common indication for PSG in infants were excessive snoring (53%) followed by nocturnal desaturations (24%). Associated co-morbid conditions included gastro-esophageal reflux (30%), laryngomalacia (24%), and craniofacial abnormalities (16%). Genetic abnormalities were found in 53%, of which trisomy 21 was the most common. Surgical treatments were employed in 36% and oxygen therapy in 15%. Thirty-eight patients were followed up with a repeat sleep study after a median interval of 8 months (range 1–24 months), of whom 26/38 had resolution of symptoms. Twenty-seven patients (28%) were followed clinically after a mean interval of 5 months of intervention (range, 1–34.5 months), in whom the symptoms resolved in 23/27 patients. Seven patients were deceased at review. Causes of death included status epilepticus, respiratory failure, hepatic failure, kidney failure, or unknown causes. Conclusion The etiologies of OSA in infants are different when compared to older children. PSG is feasible and a valuable tool in the diagnosis of OSA in infants and may help determine timely and appropriate evaluation and interventions. Clinical improvement in symptoms and resolution of PSG parameters were noted following medical and/or surgical interventions. Prospective studies need to be done to ascertain the long-term outcome of infants diagnosed with OSA to assess the benefits of early intervention on their neurocognitive development. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2014; 49:554–560. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Essential Roles of the Fas-Associated Death Domain in Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

The Fas-associated death domain (FADD) protein mediates apoptosis by coupling death receptors with the caspase cascade. Paradoxically, it also promotes cell mitosis through its C-terminal region. Apoptosis and mitosis are opposing processes that can have radically different consequences. To determine which of the FADD effects prevails in T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases, we studied myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) using mice that express a dominant-negative FADD (FADD-DN) transgene in the T cell lineage. We found that FADD blockade in T cells prevented the development of autoimmune encephalomyelitis and inhibited both Th1 and Th2 type responses. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-specific T cell proliferation was also dramatically reduced in FADD-DN mice despite the resistance of T cells to activation-induced cell death. These results indicate that although FADD expressed by T cells is involved in regulating both mitosis and apoptosis, its effect on mitosis prevails in EAE, and that strategies inhibiting FADD functions in T cells could be effective in preventing the disease.
Evaluating International Projects: An Adjusted Present Value Approach

In evaluating projects that cut across national boundaries, firms must deal with a variety of issues seldom encountered within a single country that affect the distribution of net operating cash flows available to the parent, as well as the valuation of these cash flows.1 Factors influencing the statistical distribution of net operating cash flows, in addition to differences in fundamental economic and political conditions in various countries, include differing rates of inflation and volatile exchange rates that may or may not cancel each other, differences in tax rules and tax rates, and restrictions or taxes on cross-border financial transactions. Factors that may influence the valuation of operating cash flows with a given statistical distribution include incomplete and often segmented capital markets that result from controls on financial transactions both within and among countries; the dependence of net of tax cash flows available to the parent on the firm’s overall tax and cash-flow position in various countries; the availability of project-specific concessional finance—loans, guarantees, or insurance against commercial or political risks; and, on occasion, requirements to issue securities—especially equity—within markets partially or totally isolated by barriers to internal or cross-border financial transactions. Further, the available cash flows and their value to the firm often depend on the specific financing of the project, not only because of concessional financing opportunities, but also because the costs or limits on cross-border transfers often depend on the nature of the financial transaction involved, e.g., interest or principal, fees, dividends, or payment for goods.