cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Pancreatic clonorchiasis diagnosed by eus-guided pancreatic duct aspiration

Infestation with Clonorchis sinensis (clonorchiasis) is surprisingly prevalent, with an estimated 38 million human carriers worldwide. Although most commonly encountered in Southeast Asia, the organism is being identified increasingly in other areas of the world because of immigration and the long asymptomatic carrier state.1-5 Individual flukes may survive for up to 30 years, typically residing in the medium and small intrahepatic bile ducts. The vast majority of patients remain asymptomatic; however, significant complications may occur including intrahepatic lithiasis, recurrent pyogenic cholangitis, hepatic abscess, and mucin-secreting cholangiocarcinoma. Occasional patients have involvement of the extrahepatic biliary tree, gallbladder, or even the pancreas.6-8 Several cases of C sinensis–associated pancreatitis have been reported.5,9-11 The diagnosis was based primarily on cholangiography, analysis of aspirated bile, or microscopic examination of the stool. The case reported here represents the first description to our knowledge of the endosonographic appearance of pancreatic clonorchiasis. It illustrates the ability of EUS-guided transgastric needle CASE REPORTS
Medical Complications of the Critically III Newborn A Review for Early Intervention Professionals

Sophisticated technology in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) has resulted in remarkable improvements in the survival of the sickest and most premature newborn infants. Although fortunately the prevalence of disability among NICU graduates has not increased with such advances, the total number of these infants in the community has grown as a result of the improved survival. Many of these babies manifest complex residual health problems and are at risk for developmental difficulties. An understanding of the complications of prematurity and other neonatal illnesses as well as of their treatments can enhance the effectiveness of early intervention services, both in devising creative approaches aimed at promoting the optimal development of medically vulnerable infants and in supporting their families during prolonged periods of intense stress.
Toxicity-distribution relationships among 3-alkylfurans in the mouse lung

Abstract The present study was designed to investigate the extent to which a homologous series of 3-alkyfurans, 3-methylfuran, 3-ethylfuran, and 3-pentylfuran, may cause lung injury in mice in order to determine whether the chemical properties of these compounds are related to their toxic potential. The pulmonary concentration and pneumotoxicity of these and various other furan derivatives were also measured to determine if a correlation existed between the magnitude of pneumotoxicity produced by these toxins and their concentration in the lung. Along with the 3-alkylfurans, the other furan derivatives investigated were furan, 2-ethylfuran, 2-furmaide, and 3-methylthiophene. The absence or presence of lung damage was evaluated by light microscopy. The quantitative index used to assess and rank the compounds as pneumotoxins was the incorporation of [14C]thymidine into DNA. The results obtained with the 3-alkylfurans showed that 3-methylfuran and 3-ethylfuran were toxic to the lung whereas 3-pentylfuran did not produce pneumotoxicity. 2-Ethylfuran, furan, and 2-furamide also caused lung damage but 3-methylthiophene did not. All the compound, with the exception of furan, reach the lung in comparable concentrations; therefore, there does not seem to be a correlation between pneumotoxicity and concentration of the toxin in the lung. From these studies, it is alos apparent that but that the toxicity decreases with increasing chain length.
CO self-shielding as the origin of oxygen isotope anomalies in the early solar nebula

The abundances of oxygen isotopes in the most refractory mineral phases (calcium-aluminium-rich inclusions, CAIs) in meteorites1 have hitherto defied explanation. Most processes fractionate isotopes by nuclear mass; that is, 18O is twice as fractionated as 17O, relative to 16O. In CAIs 17O and 18O are nearly equally fractionated, implying a fundamentally different mechanism. The CAI data were originally interpreted as evidence for supernova input of pure 16O into the solar nebula1, but the lack of a similar isotope trend in other elements argues against this explanation2. A symmetry-dependent fractionation mechanism3,4 may have occurred in the inner solar nebula5, but experimental evidence is lacking. Isotope-selective photodissociation of CO in the innermost solar nebula6 might explain the CAI data, but the high temperatures in this region would have rapidly erased the signature7. Here we report time-dependent calculations of CO photodissociation in the cooler surface region of a turbulent nebula. If the surface were irradiated by a far-ultraviolet flux ∼103 times that of the local interstellar medium (for example, owing to an O or B star within ∼1 pc of the protosun), then substantial fractionation of the oxygen isotopes was possible on a timescale of ∼105 years. We predict that similarly irradiated protoplanetary disks will have H2O enriched in 17O and 18O by several tens of per cent relative to CO.
A Comparison of Emotional Consequences of and Changes in Equity Over Time Using Global and Domain-Specific Measures of Equity

A sample of romantic partners completed several measures of perceived equity in regard to their relationship, at multiple times over almost five years. Three of the measures were one-item global assessments and one measure was detailed and based on Foa and Foa's (1974) classification of resources. The measures were compared on descriptive properties (e.g., percentage of participants who chose the equity category), their degree of association with the other equity measures, and the results obtained for two research questions: What is the association between equity/inequity and specific emotional reactions? How does equity change with the passage of time? The major findings were that partners tended to agree in their perceptions of equity, inequity was more common in the domain of money than in other resource areas, equity in the service domain was more highly associated with overall equity judgments for both men and women than was equity in other relationship domains, underbenefiting inequity but not overb...
Relaxor properties of compositionally disordered perovskites: Ba- and Bi-substituted Pb ( Zr 1-x Ti x ) O 3

Dielectric spectroscopy, lattice structure, and thermal properties have revealed the relaxor dielectric response of Ba-substituted lead zirconate/titanate (PZT) having the composition $({\mathrm{Pb}}_{0.71}{\mathrm{Ba}}_{0.29})$ $({\mathrm{Zr}}_{0.71}{\mathrm{Ti}}_{0.29}){\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ and containing $2\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{at.}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}%$ Bi as an additive. The relaxor behavior is attributed to the compositional disorder introduced by the substitution of ${\mathrm{Ba}}^{2+}$ at the A site and ${\mathrm{Bi}}^{3+∕5+}$ at the B site (and possibly A site) of the $\mathrm{AB}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ PZT host lattice. Analysis of the results gives clear evidence for the nucleation of polar nanodomains at a temperature much higher than the peak $({T}_{m})$ in the dielectric susceptibility. These nanodomains grow in size as their correlation length increases with decreasing temperature, and ultimately their dipolar fluctuations slow down below ${T}_{m}$ leading to the formation of the relaxor state. The influences of hydrostatic pressure on the dielectric susceptibility and the dynamics of the relaxation of the polar nanodomains were investigated and can be understood in terms of the decrease in the size of the nanodomains with pressure. The influence of dc electrical bias on the susceptibility was also investigated. Physical models of the relaxor response of this material are discussed.
QUASIELASTIC ELECTRON SCATTERING AND THE MODIFICATION OF MESONIC MASS PARAMETERS IN NUCLEI

Making use of a vector-dominance model for the nucleon electromagnetic form factors, we investigate the consequences for the calculation of the inclusive electromagnetic response (in the quasielastic domain) of recent suggestions that mesonic mass parameters are modified in a nuclear medium.
B-Cell Lymphomas

The B-cell lymphomas (BCLs) represent 80% to 90% of non-Hodgkin lymphomas in the Western world and include multiple lymphoma subtypes with different biologies, natural histories, morphologic characteristics, immunophenotypes, genetic features, prognoses, and responses to therapy.1 Numerous subtypes of B-cell malignancies are defined according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification (Table 32-1). Accurate subclassification of these BCLs has always been a challenge for pathologists, resulting in early application of new techniques in genetic analysis to these tumors to improve diagnostic accuracy. Today, the genetic features of BCLs are used not only to aid in rendering an accurate primary diagnosis, but also to predict prognosis, to assess for minimal residual disease after therapy, and even to help determine optimal therapy.
Generic and effective semi-structured keyword search

Current semi-structured keyword search and natural language query processing systems use ad hoc approaches to take advantage of structural information. Although intuitive, they are ultimately ad hoc. We have developed the concept of coherency ranking based on the statistical properties of data to rank the keyword search results. We demonstrate how the coherency ranking works for two real-world XML databases and show its advantages over the previously proposed XML keyword search methods.
Novel Technique for Management of Bartholin Gland Cysts and Abscesses

Background: Definitive methods for treatment of a Bartholin cyst and abscess include placement of a Word catheter, marsupialization, application of silver nitrate, and surgical excision. Placement of a Word catheter is the most frequently employed technique for office and emergency department (ED) management. However, many institutions do not have the Word catheter available; in addition, the catheter has a tendency to dislodge before epithelialization, leading to recurrence of the cyst. Objective: We have developed a simple technique for management of Bartholin gland abscess or cyst using readily available materials. This technique involves using a small loop of plastic tubing, which is secured to prevent expulsion before epithelialization of a drainage tract. Case Report: A 25-year-old woman presented to the ED with a Bartholin gland abscess. After administration of local anesthetic, a loop of tubing was placed, allowing for drainage of the abscess. The patient was discharged home with a course of oral antibiotics. At 3-week follow-up, the Bartholin gland abscess was found to be healed; the device was removed without difficulty, leaving two drainage tracts. Conclusion: This technique may be used as an alternative to placement of a Word catheter for management of Bartholin gland abscess or cyst.
Membrane-Associated CD93 Regulates Leukocyte Migration and C1q-Hemolytic Activity during Murine Peritonitis

CD93 is emerging as a novel regulator of inflammation; however, its molecular function is unknown. CD93 exists as a membrane-associated glycoprotein on the surface of cells involved in the inflammatory cascade, including endothelial and myeloid cells. A soluble form (sCD93) is detectable in blood and is elevated with inflammation. In this study, we demonstrate heightened susceptibility to thioglycollate-induced peritonitis in CD93(-/-) mice. CD93(-/-) mice showed a 1.6-1.8-fold increase in leukocyte infiltration during thioglycollate-induced peritonitis between 3 and 24 h that returned to wild type levels by 96 h. Impaired vascular integrity in CD93(-/-) mice during peritonitis was demonstrated using fluorescence multiphoton intravital microscopy; however, no differences in cytokine or chemokine levels were detected with Luminex Multiplex or ELISA analysis. C1q-hemolytic activity in CD93(-/-) mice was decreased by 22% at time zero and by 46% 3 h after thioglycollate injection, suggesting a defect in the classical complement pathway. Leukocyte recruitment and C1q-hemolytic activity was restored to wild type levels when CD93 was expressed on either hematopoietic cells or nonhematopoietic cells in bone marrow chimeric mice. However, elevated levels of sCD93 in inflammatory fluid were observed only when CD93 was expressed on nonhematopoietic cells. Because cell-associated CD93 was sufficient to restore a normal inflammatory response, these data suggest that cell-associated CD93, and not sCD93, regulates leukocyte recruitment and complement activation during murine peritonitis.
On-line discussions: a key to enhancing student motivation and understanding?

The use of the computer and other technologies (i.e. the Internet, world-wide web, etc.) are being aggressively used by many educators as tools in the learning process. This paper reports on an on-going research study at American University designed to address the role of student understanding in physics using an on-line discussion group format. In terms of gauging student understanding in physics, some critical questions are raised: (1) what factors serve to motivate students to participate in on-line discussions outside of class? (2) Can student motivation and performance be linked to students' individual learning styles? and (3) can student participation in on-line discussions be linked to enhanced understanding? To address these questions, formal learning style assessment data along with results from a survey conducted in an introductory course for nonmajors during the 2000 academic year are shared.
Particle image velocimetry measurements in complex geometries

One of the advantages of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is its ability to determine the instantaneous flow field over two- or three-dimensional domains. Yet PIV has had limited application to complex flow passages because of the difficulty in replicating these geometries with optically transparent materials. In this work, we describe a method for overcoming this difficulty using rapid prototyping techniques. As an illustrative example, the technique has been used to characterize flow in a model of the human nasal cavity.
Dynamic Fracture Analysis for a Penny-Shaped Crack in an FGM Interlayer between Dissimilar Half Spaces

In this paper the elastodynamic response of a penny-shaped crack located in a functionally graded material (FGM) interlayer between two dissimilar homogeneous half spaces and subjected to a torsional impact loading is considered. The shear modulus and the mass density of the functionally graded material interlayer are assumed to vary continuously between those of the two half spaces. Laplace and Hankel integral transforms are applied to reduce this mixed boundary value problem to a singular integral equation with a generalized Cauchy kernel in the Laplace domain. The singular integral equation is solved numerically and the dynamic stress intensity factor is obtained by a numerical Laplace inversion technique. The influences of the relative magnitudes of the adjoining material properties and the FGM interlayer thickness on the dynamic stress intensity factor are examined in detail.
Students’ Comprehension of Science ConceptsDepicted in Textbook Illustrations

Visual representations are commonly used in science instruction to enhance learning. In this study, 86 high school biology st udents were asked to study an illustration of meiosis to determine their ability to recognize, understand, and interpret textbook images. Data collected from interview and written responses to questions revealed that while the task helped them learn abou t the topic of meiosis in terms of labeling structures and describing the phases, stud ents were unable to communicate an understanding of the overall purpose of meiosis. T he findings of this study have implications for the design and scaffolding of visu al representations.
Trajectory based forwarding and its applications

Trajectory based forwarding (TBF) is a novel methodto forward packets in a dense ad hoc network that makes it possible to route a packet along a predefined curve. It is a hybrid between source based routing and Cartesian forwarding in that the trajectory is set by the source, but the forwarding decision is based on the relationship to the trajectory rather than names of intermediate nodes. The fundamental aspects of TBF are: it decouples path naming from the actual path; it provides cheap path diversity; it trades off communication for computation. These aspects address the double scalability issue with respect to mobility rate and network size. In addition, TBF provides a common framework for many services such as: broadcasting, discovery, unicast, multicast and multipath routing in ad hoc networks. TBF requires that nodes know their position relative to a coordinate system. While a global coordinate system afforded by a system such as GPS would be ideal, approximate positioning methods provided by other algorithms are also usable.
An adaptive constraint algorithm for image understanding of digitally reconstructed in-line holograms

Accurate quantitative decoding of inline holograms can be achieved by A/D sampling of the hologram followed by digital reconstruction. Using a standard reconstruction technique, the resulting image bandwidth is limited by the size of the hologram. In addition, the phase ambiguity inherent in magnitude-only hologram recording yields an out-of-focus conjugate artifact called the twin image. Both limited bandwidth and twin image restrict the available resolution well below the theoretical diffraction limit. An algorithm is presented that addresses both problems by iteratively combining phase retrieval and spectrum continuation to produce estimates of the phase of the recorded hologram, and both magnitude and phase of the hologram beyond its physical recorded boundaries. Since algorithms based on spectral continuation are sensitive to the constraints imposed on the extent of the objects being imaged, a method for selecting these constraints adaptively, which greatly accelerates convergence of the algorithm, was developed. Examples demonstrate the degree of improvement in resolution with phase retrieval only. >
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN U.S. DIRECT INVESTMENTS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN SOME SELECTED ASIAN COUNTRIES

The paper empirically investigates the relationship between U.S. foreign direct investments (FDI) and economic growth in the ASEAN4 countries of Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, and the Philippines. The study uses annual panel data covering 1990-2005. An augmented Solow production frontier that makes output a function of capital stock, labor, human capital, and productivity is estimated using both OLS and Seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) techniques. The results show a negative relationship exists between the ASEAN4 countries’ economic growth and the US foreign direct Investments. FDI can be growth enhancing, if it complements domestic investment; otherwise, it crowds it out, and decreases domestic savings thereby resulting to negative economic growth. The presence of FDI inflows does not necessarily improve technology level of host countries especially developing economies through positive spillovers efficiency. A recipient country will only enjoy the positive externalities embodied in FDI only when there are efficiency and development of domestic financial sector and functioning infrastructures at a certain minimum level.
Monolithic vertical integration of metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor with subterranean photonics in silicon

Monolithic integration of photonics and electronics has been achieved in silicon by vertically integrating metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors and waveguide-coupled microdisk resonators in a double-layer silicon-on-insulator wafer, thus paving the way towards dense three-dimensional optoelectronic integration.
Crystallization of Nuclear Waste Disposal Glass

The rate of bulk crystallization and shear viscosity η of a zinc borosilicate simulated nuclear waste disposal glass (SNWDG) were measured above the glass transition temperature Tg. Using recent theories and experimental data for the temperature dependence of η at <Tg, the crystallization rate below Tg was calculated; well below Tg the SNWDG (and, more generally, any high-silica glass) will not crystallize appreciably over any important time period for radioactive decay of fission products.
Straight by Day, Swingers by Night: Re-reading Daniel Bell on Capitalism and its Culture

Daniel Bell's landmark Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism (1976) remains, 30 years later, the entry point to the rich literature on America's twentieth-century culture of self-fulfillment. After reconstructing the book's argument with reference to Max Weber's account of modernity, this article challenges Bell's claim that Modernist culture and certain tendencies in capitalism threaten the social order. Capitalism and its culture are deeply symbiotic, and draw upon the same antinomian logic. Dionysus is welcomed with enthusiasm into the boardroom, mainly because apocalyptic moods and anti-rational modes of behavior sell emphatically well. It is hard to envision the social breakdown Bell fears, or indeed any effective cultural challenge to a market system that systematically incorporates protest.
The cleaning of burned and contaminated archaeological maize prior to 87Sr/86Sr analysis

Abstract Accurate trace-metal and strontium-isotope analyses of archaeological corn cobs require that metal contaminants be removed prior to chemical analysis. Archaeological cobs are often coated with construction debris, dust, or soil which contains mineral particles. In addition, most archaeological cobs are partially or completely burned and the burned parts incorporate mineral debris in their hardened residual structures. Unburned cobs are weak ion exchangers and most metals within a cob are not firmly bound to cob organic matter; therefore, immersing cobs in acids and rinsing them in deionized water to remove mineral contaminants may result in the undesirable loss of metals, including strontium, from the cob. In this paper we show that some cob metal-pair ratios are not substantially changed when the cob is “cleaned” with deionized water, if the water-cob contact time does not exceed five minutes. Additionally, we introduce a method for eliminating mineral contaminants in both burned and unburned cobs, thus rendering them acceptable for strontium-isotope analysis. However, the decontamination procedure results in the rapid non-stoichiometric leaching of trace metals from the unburned cobs and it is possible that most metals will be extracted from the cobs during the lengthy decontamination process. Trace metals, in particular Al and Ca, should be analyzed in order to determine the presence and level of mineral contamination after cleaning.
Dietary variety within food groups: association with energy intake and body fatness in men and women

Background: Short-term experimental studies suggest that dietary variety may influence body fatness but no long-term human studies have been reported. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether dietary variety within food groups influences energy intake and body fatness. Design: Seventy-one healthy men and women (aged 20‐80 y), who provided accurate reports of dietary intake and completed a body-composition assessment, were studied. Results: Dietary variety was positively associated with energy intake within each of 10 food groups (r = 0.27‐0.56,P < 0.05). In multiple regression analysis with age and sex controlled for, dietary variety of sweets, snacks, condiments, entrees, and carbohydrates (as a group) was positively associated with body fatness (partial r = 0.38, P = 0.001) whereas variety from vegetables was negatively associated (partial r = 20.31, P = 0.01) (R 2 = 0.46, P < 0.0001). In separate models, both a variety ratio (variety of vegetables/variety of sweets, snacks, condiments, entrees, and carbohydrates) and percentage dietary fat were significant predictors of body fatness (controlled for age and sex, partial r = 20.39 and 0.31, respectively, P < 0.01). However, dietary fat was no longer significantly associated with body fatness when the variety ratio and dietary fat were included in the same model. Conclusions: Our data, coupled with those of previous shortterm studies, suggest that a high variety of sweets, snacks, condiments, entrees, and carbohydrates coupled with a low variety of vegetables promotes long-term increases in energy intake and body fatness. These findings may help explain the rising prevalence of obesity. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;69:440‐7.
The Presence of Religion in Early Modern Cultural Studies

In this article, I note a renewed interest in religion over the last ten years in the field of early modern cultural studies, and suggest that as cultural studies has developed it has often overlooked religion in favor of seemingly secular topics. I also claim that recent studies in religious culture reveal a wish to appreciate aspects of early modern culture that are among the most alien to us today and to understand the manner in which religious discourses permeated virtually every aspect of life then. While the religious beliefs of the past may challenge or elude the grasp of a secular scholarship, the possibility at least of trying to understand these beliefs and what they meant to those who possessed them remains.
Developmental expression of ROMK in rat kidney.

The apical secretory K+(SK) channel in the principal cell represents the rate-limiting step for K+ secretion across the cortical collecting duct (CCD). Patch clamp analysis of maturing rabbit princ...
Expected and Actual Errors of Linear Inverse Model Forecasts

Abstract The authors discuss forecast uncertainty, which should be employed for the purpose of judging prediction model performance, and actual forecast errors, which can be employed by users to judge the reliability of the forecasts. Realistic a priori estimates of forecast uncertainty for linear inverse modeling sea surface temperature predictions are presented and compared with the actual forecast errors occurring during the course of real-time predictions. The a priori estimates are of size similar to the actual errors except during the warmest phase of observed El Nino events.
Approaches to multi-robot exploration and localization

We present approaches to several fundamental tasks in multi-robot team-based exploration and localization, based on student projects developed in the past year.
DD12: Lesen ist unsozial! (November 2005)

„Das Grose Einmaleins der Ungerechtigkeit.“ So lautete der Titel eines Handelsblattartikels vom 21.11.2005 (Seite 11). Kinder reicher Deutscher wissen mehr! Ungerecht! Ich las weiter – und mich riss es fast vom Stuhl. Ich wurde wutend und hatte niemanden, den ich hauen konnte. Ohnmacht.
Influence of Dislocations on the I-V Characteristics of Silicon Solar Cells

This paper presents a phenomenological approach for analysis of dislocations in a large-area device like a solar cell. A microscopic model of a dislocation is used to calculate the local effects of a dislocation on the dark and the illuminated characteristics of a p-n junction device. A statistical approach is then used to empirically arrive at the I-V characteristics of a small-area device with a uniform distribution of dislocations. Finally, these results are applied to develop a network model to determine the terminal characteristics of a large-area solar cell of a known spatial distribution of dislocations. We show that the performance of a solar cell is influenced not only by the density of dislocations but also by their spatial distribution; heavily dislocated regions exert a disproportionately large degradation effect on the device characteristics.
Breeding Biology of a Migratory Population of the Rufous Whistler Pachycephala rufiventris

A colour-banded population of Rufous Whistlers was studied from 1986-90 in eucalypt woodland near Armidale, north-eastern New South Wales. The whistlers were migratory, arriving at the study site in early September, and remaining until the following April. All-purpose territories were defended by both males and females, and the whistlers nested as socially monogamous pairs. Eggs were laid from mid-October to January, and clutch size was small (2.63 eggs). Both sexes shared all nesting duties except nest building (female only). Reproductive success was low (13.4%) and predation was the major cause of nesting failure (85.2%). After successful nests only two females re-nested. Re-nesting after unsuccessful nests continued throughout the breeding season.
Electrostatic Precipitation of Powdered Activated Carbon and Implications for Secondary Mercury Adsorption within Electrostatic Precipitators

The injection of powdered sorbents, such as activated carbon, for mercury emissions control at coal-fired power plants has primarily taken place upstream of electrostatic precipitators (ESPs), which far outnumber baghouses in the U.S. Although full-scale sorbent injection tests have demonstrated varying degrees of mercury removal efficiency, the actual behavior of powdered activated carbon (PAC) within an ESP has not been well-established, particularly as this behavior relates to adsorbing gas-phase mercury. In the present experimental investigation, results obtained in a lab-scale ESP indicate that the electrical properties of PAC may cause its collection in a full-scale ESP to be significantly different from that of the native fly ash. There appears to be potential for significant collection of PAC on the discharge electrode wires of an ESP. Because these wires are typically not rapped as frequently as collection electrodes in an ESP, over time, such behavior could potentially create a series of cylindr...
Laboratory diagnosis of pulmonary infections: Fungi and the actinomycetes

The laboratory diagnosis of pulmonary mycoses requires direct microscopic examination of specimens in wet mount preparations, cultures, and examination of histological sections of resected tissue. While isolation of Histoplasma capsulatum, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Coccidioides immitis , and Sporothri.x sehenkii is almost invariably indicative of disease, the clinical significance of isolation of Candida. Cryptococcus neoformans, and Aspergillus from respiratory secretions is often uncertain and requires histopathological correlation. Finding distinctive fungal elements in specimens is facilitated by examining a wet mount K.OH preparation with phase-contrast microscopy and, when tissue is available, a Gomori methenamine silver stained section. Fungal cultures should be made to inhibitory and noninhibilory media which require incubation at 25 to 30 C for at least 4 wk. Identification of yeasts isolated from sputum should be limited to screening for Cryptococcus neoformans , inasmuch as roughly 50% of outpatients have yeasts in sputum without evidence of candidosis. Yeasts from other sources are identified on the basis of germ tube production, morphological studies, and biochemical reactions. Filamentous fungi are identified on the basis of morphology. Serological tests arc not helpful in cases of invasive aspergillosis or candidosis; however, they are helpful in the diagnosis of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and the deep mycoses.
Application of Adjustment and Experiment Technology for Optimization on Ammonia Injection Grid

Correct optimization and adjustment on ammonia injection grid can ensure best performance of selective catalytic reduction system.Two layout forms of partition control AIG were introduced in this paper,horizontal layout and vertical layout.Taking one optimization experiment for vertical AIG of SCR device of 600 MW unit in some power plant as an example,a kind of AIG partition optimization and adjustment method was discussed based on symmetrical transfer principle for ammonia-air mixture which was to divide AIG area into 18 small areas for elaborate adjustment according to field situation.Experiment indicated that by adjusting differences of ammonia spraying amount to realize coupling of differences of flow field distribution,it was able to make deviation coefficient of NOxconcentration field in gas at reactor outlet reach about 15% which might be effective to improve uniform distribution of NOxconcentration field at the reactor outlet.
How to Use Your Mind When You Can’t Think: Reply to Commentaries by Davies and Cooper

There is much area of agreement between the author and the discussants. The author addresses areas of concern and questions raised in the commentaries. These topics include the use of reverie, how I have defined maternal desire, concerns about the avoidance of negative transference, the analyst’s own dissociation, and compassion.
A View on the Management of ORL Hospital

The key to the management of an otolaryngology medical institution is the pursuit of patient satisfaction. The medical progression is basically a service industry, and it cannot survive without patients. Therefore, medical treatment, which gives the patient a high degree of satisfaction, a sense of security and reliability, is good treatment. In Japan, many medical institutions are not accustomed to treating the patient as a customer. I think we need to recognize, first of all, that “medicine”, “medical treatment” and the “medical profession” are three different things.
Trianionic Pincer Complexes of Niobium and Tantalum as Precatalysts for ROMP of Norbornene

This report details the synthesis and characterization of a series of Nb complexes and one tantalum complex supported by the [CF3–ONO]3– trianionic pincer-type ligand. Access to the trianionic Nb dichloride complex, [CF3–ONO]NbCl2(OEt2) (3-Et2O), allows for the synthesis of Nb-dialkyl complexes, [CF3–ONO]NbR2 (where R = benzyl (5), neopentylsilyl (6), neophyl (7)). The sterically encumbered Nb-neophyl complex (7) is thermally stable and fails to convert to the alkylidene even in the presence of donor ligands. Complex 7, however, promotes catalytic ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of norbornene, suggesting the plausible intermediacy of a Nb-alkylidene. The corresponding Ta analogue, [CF3–ONO]Ta(CH2C(CH3)2(C6H5))2 (9), requires dramatically higher temperatures to initiate ROMP and provides poor yields of polymer. Complexes 5 and 6 also promote ROMP of norbornene. Characterization of all new complexes includes multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and combustion analysis. For complex 7, characterization...
ETIOLOGY, PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS AND SURGICAL OUTCOMES OF ACUTE SEVERE AORTIC REGURGITATION

Background: Acute severe aortic regurgitation (AAR) is an uncommon etiology of hemodynamic instability requiring urgent surgical intervention. We sought to describe its etiology, patient characteristics and surgical outcomes in a large tertiary referral center. Methods: All patients (pts) admitted
Coopetition Amongst Direct Competitors:A Value Chain Analysis of Nascent Craft Breweries

Despite a growing body of literature on coopetition, the concept is in a state of flux. Research is particularly needed on small firms, start-ups and firms outside of high technology industries as ...
Action Perception and the Decoding of Complex Behavior

Action understanding is the multifaceted process of making predictions about changes to the world based on the activity or state of other agents. There are two major brain networks for decoding this information. The action observation network is sensitive to goal-directed physical actions. The social brain network is sensitive to the affective, mental, and intentional state of others.
Validating Molecular Dynamics Simulations against Experimental Observables in Light of Underlying Conformational Ensembles.

Far from the static, idealized conformations deposited into structural databases, proteins are highly dynamic molecules that undergo conformational changes on temporal and spatial scales that may span several orders of magnitude. These conformational changes, often intimately connected to the functional roles that proteins play, may be obscured by traditional biophysical techniques. Over the past 40 years, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have complemented these techniques by providing the “hidden” atomistic details that underlie protein dynamics. However, there are limitations of the degree to which molecular simulations accurately and quantitatively describe protein motions. Here we show that although four molecular dynamics simulation packages (AMBER, GROMACS, NAMD, and ilmm) reproduced a variety of experimental observables for two different proteins (engrailed homeodomain and RNase H) equally well overall at room temperature, there were subtle differences in the underlying conformational distributi...
In vitro effect of d-lysergic acid diethylamide on immunoglobulin synthesis.

Abstract Rabbit anti-fluorescyl antibody producing lymphoid cells incubated in vitro with LSD do not secrete the 7S form of immunoglobulin. The low molecular weight extracellular labeled material shows no measurable anti-fluorescyl antibody activity. Results indicate that during a short incubation period LSD interferes with tryptophan incorporation into antibody protein.
Teaching cognitive rehearsal as a shield for lateral violence: an intervention for newly licensed nurses.

BACKGROUND: Recent literature defines lateral violence as nurses covertly or overtly directing their dissatisfaction inward toward each other, toward themselves, and toward those less powerful than themselves. Newly licensed nurses are an identified group that is vulnerable to lateral violence during their socialization to nursing practice. The use of cognitive rehearsal, an applied cognitive-behavioral technique, was used as an intervention and the theoretical underpinning for this study. METHOD: Twenty-six newly licensed nurses hired by a large acute care tertiary hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, participated in an exploratory descriptive study. They were taught about lateral violence in nursing practice and the use of cognitive rehearsal techniques as a shield from the negative effects of lateral violence on learning and socialization. Small laminated cueing cards with written visual cues for the appropriate responses to the most common forms of lateral violence were provided. One year later, videotaped focus groups designed to collect qualitative data about the applied intervention were conducted. RESULTS: Twenty-six newly licensed nurses in three different focus groups were videotaped responding to six open-ended questions designed to elicit information on their experience with lateral violence, use of cognitive rehearsal as an intervention, and the overall socialization process. CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge of lateral violence in nursing appeared to allow newly licensed nurses to depersonalize it, thus allowing them to ask questions and continue to learn. The learned cognitive responses helped them confront the lateral violence offender. Confrontation was described as difficult but resulted in the resolution of the lateral violence behavior. Overall, the retention rate in this study population was positively affected. Language: en
Comprehensive Theory of Deformation

Linear elasticity is considered as a special case of the field theory of deformation and fracture capable of all stages of deformation based on the same theoretical basis. With the appropriate expression for the term representing the longitudinal force in the field equations, it has been shown that the equation of motion derived from the field equations reduces to the exact form of elastic wave equations known in the conventional continuum mechanics.
Multi-Hop Massive MIMO Relay Networks

The asymptotic performance of multi-user multi-hop massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) relay networks, in which multiple spatially distributed user nodes communicate with a multiple-antenna destination via multi-antenna amplify-and-forward relays, is investigated. To this end, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio and achievable sum rate expressions are derived for three specific antenna configurations at the relay and destination nodes, namely (i) infinitely many relay and destination antennas, (ii) finitely many relay antennas and infinitely many destination antennas, and (iii) finitely many relay and destination antennas. The asymptotic achievable sum rates are derived when the numbers of antennas at the relays and destination grow unbounded while keeping fixed ratios among them. The upper and lower bounds of the average sum rates are derived for the finite antenna regime by using bounds for harmonic mean and Jensen's inequality. The detrimental effects of channel estimation errors are investigated by deriving the achievable sum rate expressions. Our sum rate analysis reveals that the massive MIMO technology can be exploited to achieve significant spectral efficiency gains for multi-hop relay networks.
Tutorial: Fabrication and three-dimensional integration of nanoscale memristive devices and arrays

To catch up with growing complexity of artificial neural networks, hybrid integrated systems with high-density nanoscale memristive devices have been proposed as building blocks for the next generation computing hardware. In this Tutorial, we first introduce the methodologies in fabrication of memristor crossbars with a sub-10 nm feature size, including nanoimprint lithography that provides excellent resolution at low cost. Technical issues such as critical dimension control, overlay alignment accuracy, and reliable mold cleaning are discussed in detail. In the meantime, as lateral scaling becomes more challenging, three-dimensional (3D) integration presents an alternative solution to further increase the packing density and to provide new functionalities. Some early demonstrations of 3D hybrid memristor/complementary metal oxide semiconductor circuits are reviewed here, and their design and fabrication related issues are discussed. Successful implementation of large-scale 3D memristive systems with nanometer scale devices may provide ultimate solution to the hardware bottleneck for future computing applications.To catch up with growing complexity of artificial neural networks, hybrid integrated systems with high-density nanoscale memristive devices have been proposed as building blocks for the next generation computing hardware. In this Tutorial, we first introduce the methodologies in fabrication of memristor crossbars with a sub-10 nm feature size, including nanoimprint lithography that provides excellent resolution at low cost. Technical issues such as critical dimension control, overlay alignment accuracy, and reliable mold cleaning are discussed in detail. In the meantime, as lateral scaling becomes more challenging, three-dimensional (3D) integration presents an alternative solution to further increase the packing density and to provide new functionalities. Some early demonstrations of 3D hybrid memristor/complementary metal oxide semiconductor circuits are reviewed here, and their design and fabrication related issues are discussed. Successful implementation of large-scale 3D memristive systems with nanom...
Biomarker Profiling in Stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease Identifies the Relationship between Angiopoietin-2 and Atrial Fibrillation:

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is prevalent in nearly 27% of patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis (CKD5-HD), suggesting a strong association between these 2 pathologies. It is hypothesized that the relationship between these 2 diseases may be mediated by inflammation. Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), a pro-inflammatory biomarker of endothelial instability, inflammation, and vascular remodeling, is elevated in CKD5-HD and AF, yet has not been evaluated in patients with concomitant AF and CKD5-HD. The aim of this study is to analyze circulating levels of inflammatory and thrombotic biomarkers in patients with concomitant AF and CKD5-HD. Plasma levels of Ang-2 were measured via sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method in CKD5-HD patients (n = 96), patients with AF (n = 38), and controls (n = 50). Angiopoietin-2 was markedly elevated in CKD5-HD with comorbid AF as compared to CKD5-HD alone, and AF alone, respectively (13.05 ± 1.56 vs 9.57 ± 0.71 ng/mL; P = .00169; vs 2.48 ± 0.57 ng/mL; P < .0001). The results of this study suggest an additive effect of Ang-2 with coexistence of AF and CKD5-HD, which may be useful in the detection of AF within this patient population.
Trapped in a Silicon Cage

Almost fifty years ago, in April 1970, there was a rebellion at the annual conference of the American Society for Public Administration in Philadelphia. A group of young professors boycotted the of...
Design-Space Exploration and Optimization of an Energy-Efficient and Reliable 3-D Small-World Network-on-Chip

A 3-D network-on-chip (NoC) enables the design of high performance and low power many-core chips. Existing 3-D NoCs are inadequate for meeting the ever-increasing performance requirements of many-core processors since they are simple extensions of regular 2-D architectures and they do not fully exploit the advantages provided by 3-D integration. Moreover, the anticipated performance gain of a 3-D NoC-enabled many-core chip may be compromised due to the potential failures of through-silicon-vias that are predominantly used as vertical interconnects in a 3-D IC. To address these problems, we propose a machine-learning-inspired predictive design methodology for energy-efficient and reliable many-core architectures enabled by 3-D integration. We demonstrate that a small-world network-based 3-D NoC (3-D SWNoC) performs significantly better than its 3-D MESH-based counterparts. On average, the 3-D SWNoC shows 35% energy-delay-product improvement over 3-D MESH for the PARSEC and SPLASH2 benchmarks considered in this paper. To improve the reliability of 3-D NoC, we propose a computationally efficient spare-vertical link (sVL) allocation algorithm based on a state-space search formulation. Our results show that the proposed sVL allocation algorithm can significantly improve the reliability as well as the lifetime of 3-D SWNoC.
Performance of Stochastic Subspace Identification Methods in Presence of Forced Oscillations

This paper evaluates the performance of data-and covariance- based Stochastic Subspace Identification (SSI) methods for simultaneous estimation of forced oscillations and system modes. Recent events in North American power grid point to resonant interactions of forced oscillations and electromechanical oscillatory modes of the system that can be problematic. In such cases, simultaneous estimation of both natural and forced oscillation characteristics is of great importance in understanding and analyzing the phenomena. In this paper, simulation cases are investigated to show the ability of different types of SSI methods in simultaneous estimation of forced oscillation estimates and natural mode estimates in the system when both kinds have their frequencies close to each other. Kundur two- area test system is used as the study system for simulations. In all the simulated cases, the frequency of the forced oscillation is very close to an inter-area or a local mode of the system. It is shown that even with the lowest possible model order, both system mode and forced oscillation are estimated by SSI methods and this is not related to the mode splitting phenomenon or high model orders. Furthermore, it is shown that although both SSI methods are capable of estimating the forced oscillation and system mode, bias in damping estimation of data- based SSI may be a challenge, especially for well- damped modes.