cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Renal carcinomas with the t(6;11)(p21;q12): Clinicopathologic features and demonstration of the specific alpha-TFEB gene fusion by immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR, and DNA PCR

A highly distinctive subset of renal neoplasms of children and young adults contains a t(6;11)(p21;q12), a translocation recently been shown to result in fusion of Alpha, a gene on 11q12, with the transcription factor gene TFEB on 6p21. To define the clinicopathologic spectrum of this nascent entity and to establish immunohistochemical (IHC) and molecular methods for the detection of the specific Alpha-TFEB fusion, we studied 7 renal neoplasms that showed the t(6;11) by cytogenetic or molecular analysis (patient age: range, 9-33 years; mean, 17 years). While all tumors were confined to the kidney, 3 tumors demonstrated vascular invasion. In limited follow-up, none has metastasized. We postulated that the Alpha-TFEB gene fusion may result in deregulated expression of TFEB protein that would be detectable by IHC. Using a polyclonal antibody to TFEB on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections, we found that all 7 renal neoplasms with the t(6;11) demonstrated moderate (2 cases) or strong (5 cases) nuclear TFEB immunoreactivity. In contrast, none of 1089 other tumors (of 74 histologic types from 16 sites) labeled significantly for TFEB. Nuclear immunoreactivity for TFEB in normal tissues was extremely rare, limited to weak labeling of scattered benign lymphocytes. We also show that the Alpha-TFEB fusion RNAs are highly variable in size and structure, making detection by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) less reliable than for other gene fusions. Because Alpha is an intronless gene and therefore lacks splice signals, we hypothesized that DNA PCR and RT-PCR products would be identical, allowing for the use of more robust molecular assays based on genomic DNA. Indeed, in 2 cases with available frozen tissue, we showed the genomic Alpha-TFEB junction detected by DNA PCR to be identical to the Alpha-TFEB fusion mRNA detected by RT-PCR. In summary, renal neoplasms with the t(6;11) are a distinctive neoplastic entity with many similarities to the Xp11 translocation carcinomas, and together with the latter form a growing "MiTF/TFE family" of translocation carcinomas. Nuclear immunoreactivity for TFEB protein is a highly sensitive and specific diagnostic marker for these renal neoplasms. Finally, the special molecular features of the Alpha-TFEB gene fusion allow its molecular detection by DNA PCR as a robust alternative to RT-PCR in clinical tumor samples.
Mössbauer Studies of Natural Apatite

Apatite $\mathrm{Ca}{(\mathrm{P}{\mathrm{O}}_{4})}_{3}X$ ($X=\mathrm{F},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{C}\mathrm{l},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{r}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{O}\mathrm{H}$), which is of biological importance, has been studied using the M\"ossbauer technique. ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{57}$ replacing substitutionally ${\mathrm{Ca}}^{2+}$ ions in apatite showed four-line M\"ossbauer spectra with quadrupole splittings of 3.47 and 0.98 mm/sec at room temperature, corresponding, respectively, to two ${\mathrm{Ca}}^{2+}$ sites, one of them (I) has a threefold symmetry axis, and the other (II) has a less regular arrangement of the nearest neighbors so that it has only one reflection plane of symmetry. Using the angular dependence of the intensity ratio of each doublet for apatite single crystals, each site was identified with a quadrupole doublet. The quadrupole splitting of ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{57}$ on a Ca(I) site is large, positive, and essentially insensitive to temperature variation, which suggests the existence of an axial field which is large compared to the spin-orbit coupling. Calculation shows that the energy separation between the ground and first excited orbital states is 12 times as large as the spin-orbit coupling constant. On the other hand, the quadrupole splitting of ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{57}$ on a Ca(II) site is small and positive, and decreases rapidly with increasing temperature, suggesting that the crystal-field splitting is comparable to the spin-orbit coupling.
Revised Beck Depression Inventory scores of inner-city adolescents: pre- and postpartum.

The revised Beck Depression Inventory was administered to 109 (69 0%) black, 33 (20 9%) Hispanic, and 16 (10.1%) white adolescents who were attending prenatal and postpartum clinics offered by two inner-city hospitals at 28 wk. of pregnancy, 5 wk. postpartum, and 6 mo. postpartum. The mean Beck scores significantly decreased between 28 wk. of pregnancy and 5 wk. postpartum but did not change between 5 wk. and 6 mo. postpartum. The levels of depression were comparable to those previously reported for nonpregnant adolescent females. Using a Beck cut-off score>20 as indicative of depression, 134 (84.8%) were never depressed; 11 (7.0%) became depressed after delivery; 8 (5 1%) ceased being depressed after delivery; and 5 (3.1%) were depressed throughout.
Multiphoton gonioscopy to image the trabecular meshwork of porcine eyes

The aqueous outflow system (AOS), including the trabecular meshwork (TM), the collector channels (CC) and the Schlemm’s canal (SC), regulates intraocular pressure (IOP) through the drainage of the aqueous humor (AH). Abnormal IOP elevation leads to increased pressure stress to retinal ganglion cells, resulting in cell loss that can ultimately lead to complete loss of eyesight. Therefore, development of imaging tools to detect abnormal structural and functional changes of the AOS is important in early diagnosis and prevention of glaucoma. Multiphoton microscopy (MPM), including twophoton autofluorescence (TPAF) and second harmonic generation (SHG), is a label-free microscopic technique that allows molecular specific imaging of biological tissues like the TM. Since the TM and other AOS structures are located behind the highly scattering scleral tissue, transscleral imaging of the TM does not provide enough optical resolution. In this work, a gonioscopic lens is used to allow direct optical access of the TM through the cornea for MPM imaging. Compared to transscleral imaging, the acquired MPM images show improved resolution as individual collagen fiber bundles of the TM can be observed. MPM gonioscopy may have the potential to be developed as a future clinical imaging tool for glaucoma diagnostics.
Exploring the interface between hierarchies, multiple objectives and fuzzy sets

Abstract The complexity of experience acquired through our senses and as interpreted by our mind, is fuzzy and must remain so as long as the meaning of things change as they are embedded in larger or different contexts to relate them to new ideas and new experiences. Here we give a method for measuring the relativity of fuzziness by structuring the functions of a system hierarchically in a multiple objective framework. The method is based on computing the principal eigenvector of a positive matrix with reciprocal entries (i.e., aji = 1/aij). The eigenvector provides an estimate for an (assumed) underlying ratio scale. For a single property the scale provides a measure of the grade of membership of elements in a fuzzy set according to that property and the departure of the eigenvalue from the dimension of the matrix serves as a measure of departure from consistency. For a number of properties, the principle of hierarchical composition enables us to compose the eigenvectors into a priority vector which measures the fuzziness of the elements in the lowest level of the hierarchy with respect to the relative dominance of the purposes or properties represented in the hierarchy.
Bilateral chronic maxillary sinusitis after the sinus-lift procedure.

The maxillary dentition is a relatively common source of infection for the maxillary sinuses. Despite anatomic proximity, bone grafting of the maxillary alveolus rarely results in chronic disease of the antrum. We describe a case of bilateral chronic maxillary sinusitis related to the placement of allograft bone paste during bilateral augmentation of the maxillary alveolar ridges. Although temporary rhinologic complications of alveolar augmentation procedures occur occasionally, complications resulting in chronic sinus disease are distinctly unusual. The augmentation procedure and a review of the literature on related complications are also presented. Otolaryngologists should be familiar with maxillary augmentation procedures given the possibility of resultant sinus complications.
Antagonist properties of Conus parius peptides on N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and their effects on CREB signaling.

Three members of a family of small neurotoxic peptides from the venom of Conus parius, conantokins (Con) Pr1, Pr2, and Pr3, function as antagonists of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR). We report structural characterizations of these synthetic peptides, and also demonstrate their antagonistic properties toward ion flow through NMDAR ion channels in primary neurons. ConPr1 and ConPr2 displayed moderate increases in α-helicity after addition of Mg2+. Native apo-ConPr3 possessed an α-helical conformation, and the helicity increased only slightly on addition of Mg2+. Additionally, these peptides diminished NMDA/Gly-mediated currents and intracellular Ca2+ (iCa2+) influx in mature rat primary hippocampal neurons. Electrophysiological data showed that these peptides displayed slower antagonistic properties toward the NMDAR than conantokins from other species of cone snails, e.g., ConT and ConG. Furthermore, to demonstrate selectivity of the C. parius-derived conantokins towards specific NMDAR subunits, cortical neurons from GluN2A-/- and GluN2B-/- mice were utilized. Robust inhibition of NMDAR-mediated stimulation in GluN2A-/--derived mouse neurons, as compared to those isolated from GluN2B-/--mouse brains, was observed, suggesting a greater selectivity of these antagonists towards the GluN2B subunit. These C. parius conantokins mildly inhibited NMDAR-induced phosphorylation of CREB at Ser133, suggesting that the peptides modulated iCa2+ entry and, thereby, activation of CREB, a transcription factor that is required for maintaining long-term synaptic activity. Our data mechanistically show that while these peptides effectively antagonize NMDAR-directed current and iCa2+ influx, receptor-coupled CREB signaling is maintained. The consequence of sustained CREB signaling is improved neuronal plasticity and survival during neuropathologies.
Modeling CDM failures in high-voltage drain-extended ESD cells

Device simulation and physical modeling are used to explain the location and feature size of gate oxide defects seen post CDM testing. By comparing the model with defect measurements, a value for oxide breakdown voltage is obtained that is 1.6 times the DC value, a result that is also in agreement with device simulation. Finally, the model is used to suggest methods for improving CDM performance.
Periodic resolutions over exterior algebras

In this paper we study modules with periodic free resolutions (that is, periodic modules) over an exterior algebra. We show that any module with bounded Betti numbers (that is, a module whose syzygy modules have a bounded number of generators) must have periodic free resolution of period 2, and that for graded modules the period is 1. We also show that any module with a linear Tate resolution is periodic. We give a criterion of exactness for periodic complexes and a parameterization of the set of periodic modules.  2002 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
Institutional Conditions and Student Demonstrations

Data from a representative sample of four-year colleges and universities in the United States make it possible to identify, by means of regression analysis, several institutional conditions that are independently related to a rough index of serious demonstrations. Student demonstrations seem to be more likely in large academic institutions, in those with a highly intellectual student body, and in those that treat students impersonally, as indicated by the extensive use of computers in administration. Part of the influence of size on demonstrations is due to the impersonal atmosphere in large institutions. Student ratings of teaching appear to reduce the likelihood of demonstrations. A possible inference, which conforms to a popular notion, is that student protest is often a reaction to insufficient emphasis on teaching owing to preoccupation with research productivity; but the data fail to support this inference, inasmuch as various indicators of research emphasis exhibit no independent relations with demonstrations. An alternative interpretation is that student ratings of teaching discourage demonstrations because they reflect an institutional responsiveness to reasonable student demands; this interpretation is indirectly supported by the finding that the responsiveness of the institution to changing conditions, as manifest in departmental innovations, also reduces the likelihood of demonstrations.
Classifying paintings by artistic genre: An analysis of features & classifiers

This paper describes an approach to automatically classify digital pictures of paintings by artistic genre. While the task of artistic classification is often entrusted to human experts, recent advances in machine learning and multimedia feature extraction has made this task easier to automate. Automatic classification is useful for organizing large digital collections, for automatic artistic recommendation, and even for mobile capture and identification by consumers. Our evaluation uses variableresolution painting data gathered across Internet sources rather than solely using professional high-resolution data. Consequently, we believe this solution better addresses the task of classifying consumer-quality digital captures than other existing approaches. We include a comparison to existing feature extraction and classification methods as well as an analysis of our own approach across classifiers and feature vectors.
Follicular Helper T Cells: Lineage and Location

Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells are the class of effector T helper cells that regulates the step-wise development of antigen-specific B cell immunity in vivo. Deployment of CXCR5+ Tfh cells to B cell zones of lymphoid tissues and stable cognate interactions with B cells are central to the delivery of antigen-specific Tfh cell function. Here, we review recent advances that have helped to unravel distinctive elements of developmental programming for Tfh cells and unique effector Tfh cell functions focused on antigen-primed B cells. Understanding the regulatory functions of Tfh cells in the germinal center and the subsequent regulation of memory B cell responses to antigen recall represent the frontiers of this research area with the potential to alter fundamentally the design of future vaccines.
Sharp estimates for green potentials on non-smooth domains

Given an open, bounded, connected domain Ω ⊂ R n , let GD, GN be the solution operators for the Poisson equation for the Laplacian in Ω with homogeneous Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions, respectively.The aim of this note is to describe the sharp ranges of indices for which GD, GN are smoothing operators of order two, on Besov and Triebel-Lizorkin scales in arbitrary Lipschitz domains.This builds on the work of many people who have dealt with homogeneous/inhomogenous problems for the Laplacian with Dirichlet/Neumann boundary conditions in Lipschitz domains; an excellent account can be found in [23].Earlier results emphasized homogeneous problems with boundary data exhibiting an integer amount of smoothness.Such estimates underpin the entire work here and play the role of end-point/limiting cases in our theory. The main theorems we prove extend the work of D.Jerison and C.Kenig [20], whose methods and results are largely restricted to the case p ≥ 1, and answer the open problem # 3.2.21 on p.121 in C. Kenig’s book [23] in the most complete fashion.When specialized to Hardy spaces (viewed as a subclass of Triebel-Lizorkin scale), our results provide a solution of a (strengthened form of a) conjecture made by D.-C.Chang, S.Krantz and E.Stein regarding the regularity of the Green potentials on Hardy spaces in Lipschitz domains.Cf. p.130 of [5] where the authors write: “ For some applications it would be desirable to find minimal smoothness conditions on ∂Ω in order for our analysis of the Dirichlet and Neumann problems to remain valid. We do not know whether C 1+e boundary is sufficient in order to obtain [Hardy space] estimates for the Dirichlet problem when p is near 1. [...]
Patterns of Expression and Normalized Levels of the Five Arabidopsis Phytochromes

Using monoclonal antibodies specific for each apoprotein and full-length purified apoprotein standards, the levels of the five Arabidopsis phytochromes and their patterns of expression in seedlings and mature plants and under different light conditions have been characterized. Phytochrome levels are normalized to the DNA content of the various tissue extracts to approximate normalization to the number of cells in the tissue. One phytochrome, phytochrome A, is highly light labile. The other four phytochromes are much more light stable, although among these, phytochromes B and C are reduced 4- to 5-fold in red- or white-light-grown seedlings compared with dark-grown seedlings. The total amount of extractable phytochrome is 23-fold lower in light-grown than dark-grown tissues, and the percent ratios of the five phytochromes, A:B:C:D:E, are measured as 85:10:2:1.5:1.5 in etiolated seedlings and 5:40:15:15:25 in seedlings grown in continuous white light. The four light-stable phytochromes are present at nearly unchanging levels throughout the course of development of mature rosette and reproductive-stage plants and are present in leaves, stems, roots, and flowers. Phytochrome protein expression patterns over the course of seed germination and under diurnal and circadian light cycles are also characterized. Little cycling in response to photoperiod is observed, and this very low amplitude cycling of some phytochrome proteins is out of phase with previously reported cycling of PHY mRNA levels. These studies indicate that, with the exception of phytochrome A, the family of phytochrome photoreceptors in Arabidopsis constitutes a quite stable and very broadly distributed array of sensory molecules.
Disparities in the use of ambulatory surgical centers: a cross sectional study

Background Ambulatory surgical centers (ASCs) provide outpatient surgical services more efficiently than hospital outpatient departments, benefiting patients through lower co-payments and other expenses. We studied the influence of socioeconomic status and race on use of ASCs.
Electric field calculations for needle-plane geometry and space charge in polyethylene

Electric fields in polymeric insulation are calculated with the boundary element method (BEM) in the presence and absence of space charge. A 3-D version of the BEM software is employed to determine the profiles of divergent electric fields produced by metallic and semicon needles embedded in the polymeric insulation. It is shown that the value of the electric field in the insulation decreases rapidly and within 5 /spl mu/m from the tip it is less than 50% of its initial value. The BEM can also provide 3D profiles of the electric field distributions in the presence of space charge.
Scaling of Nonlinear Phenomena with Emphasis on Thin Film Deployable Structures

Constant thickness scaling is introduced: this involves a uniform scaling of all global dimensions but no reduction of film and member wall thicknesses. The scaling laws for time-independent material and geometrically nonlinear phenomena are derived. An application to the analysis of a pressurized membrane is presented as an example.
Winter Wheat Quality Inspection and Regionalization Based on NIR Network and Remote Sensing

In the crown of the year, inspection of wheat quality fast and accurate is very important for all of grain enterprises, farmers and governments. Governments would like to construct a fair and equitable market for grain transaction with explicit grain quality standard. Farmers would like to sell their high-quality grain at a high unit price for they have paid more attention and investment. Enterprises also would like to purchase high-quality grain with higher unit price for it can bring more profits. At the same time, generating regionalization map of wheat quality accuracy in time is very important on the grain enterprises’ purchase strategy formulating and purchase region choosing. The authors collected 1200 NIR samples in 240 points (in other words, 5 samples per point ) in 12 counties in the main wheat producing areas in China (Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu and Shandong), then analysis these samples by both GIS spatial interpolation method and RS inverse method. In contrast, RS inverse method can simulate the quality parameter more accuracy than GIS spatial interpolation method. In conclusion, RS inverse method is preferable to generate quality regionalization map with NIR network samples.
Pressure derivatives of elastic moduli of Vycor glass to 8 kbar

Abstract Longitudinal- and shear-wave velocities in Vycor glass were measured to 8 kbar at 25°C, using the ultrasonic interferometry method. Corresponding bulk and shear moduli were also computed. The pressure derivatives of the shear-wave velocity and shear modulus at zero pressure were anomalously negative dv s dP =−2.44×10 −2 km/sec/k and dG dP = −2.67kbar/kbar and constant throughout the 8 kbar range. On the other hand, the pressure derivatives of the longitudinal-wave velocity and bulk modulus, though also anomalously negative, ( dv p dP = −4.74×10 −2 km/sec/kbar and dB p dP = −4.72 kbar/kbar) , tended to become normal (i.e. less negative) at pressures of about 4 kbar and higher. For the Vycor glass, dσ p dP at zero pressure, where σ is the Poisson's ratio, is negative (−1.67 × 10 −3 /kbar).
Narrative meaning making is associated with sudden gains in psychotherapy clients' mental health under routine clinical conditions.

Objective The present study had two aims: (a) to replicate previous findings regarding the characteristics of sudden gains (SGs) in psychotherapy under routine clinical conditions and (b) to examine whether clients' narrative meaning-making processes were associated with SGs in mental health. Method 54 psychotherapy clients completed the Systemic Therapy Inventory of Change (Pinsof et al., 2009) and wrote private narratives prior to beginning treatment and between every session for 12 assessment points over the course of psychotherapy for a variety of presenting problems. Clients' narratives were coded using existing systems (Adler, 2012; A. M. Hayes, Feldman, & Goldfried, 2006) to assess their content in eight themes: processing, avoidance, coherence, positive self, negative self, agency, hope, and hopelessness. Results The prevalence, magnitude, and timing of SGs in mental health observed in the present study were similar to those observed in prior research. Two narrative meaning-making processes-processing and coherence-were significantly associated with SGs in mental health. Conclusion The present study significantly extends prior research on SGs, replicating the characteristics of these gains in routine clinical conditions with a measure of general functioning and identifying two narrative meaning-making processes that are associated with SGs in mental health.
Use of Sinorhizobium meliloti as an Indicator for Specific Detection of Long-Chain N-Acyl Homoserine Lactones

Population-density-dependent gene expression in gram-negative bacteria involves the production of signal molecules characterized as N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs). The synthesis of AHLs by numerous microorganisms has been identified by using biosensor strains based on the Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Chromobacterium violaceum quorum-sensing systems. The symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti is rapidly becoming a model organism for the study of quorum sensing. This organism harbors at least three different quorum-sensing systems (Sin, Mel, and Tra), which play a role in its symbiotic relationship with its host plant, alfalfa. The Sin system is distinguished among them for the production of long-chain AHLs, including C18-HL, the longest AHL reported so far. In this work, we show that construction of a sinI::lacZ transcriptional fusion results in a strain that detects long-chain AHLs with exquisite sensitivity. Overexpression of the SinR regulator protein from a vector promoter increases its sensitivity without loss of specificity. We also show that the resulting indicator strain can recognize long-chain AHLs produced by unrelated bacteria such as Paracoccus denitrificans and Rhodobacter capsulatus. This S. meliloti indicator strain should serve as a tool for the specific detection of long-chain AHLs in new systems.
Computational modeling of dynamic mechanical properties of pure polycrystalline magnesium under high loading strain rates

Computational simulations were performed to investigate the dynamic mechanical behavior of pure polycrystalline magnesium under different high loading strain rates with the values of 800, 1000, 2000, and 3600 s −1 . The Johnson-Cook model was utilized in the simulations based on finite element modeling. The results showed that the simulations provided well-matched predictions of the material behavior such as the strain rate-time history, the stress-strain curve, and the temperature increase. Under high loading strain rates, the tested material experienced linear strain hardening at the early stage of plastic deformation, increased strain hardening at the intermediate plastic deformation region, and decreased strain hardening at the region before fracture. The strain hardening rates for the studied high loading strain rate cases do not vary much with the change of strain rates.
Chemical and Transport Effects of Nanosecond Plasma Discharges on H2-Air and C2H4-Air mixtures

*† The effects of pulsed nanosecond plasma discharges on H2-air and C2H4-air mixtures are studied numerically using detailed chemistry. The premixed flow is activated by a parallel-plate nanosecond pulsed plasma discharge system with pulse duration ranging between 15 to 130 ns, and pulsing frequency between 5 to 60 kHz. The plasma discharge is modeled using a two-temperature model, with ions and neutral species in thermal equilibrium at the gas temperature, and electrons in thermal nonequilibrium. An energy equation for electrons is solved to obtain electron mean energy self-consistently. Electron transport and reaction rate coefficients are expressed as functions of mean electron energy, and stored in lookup tables. In air, a large portion of input pulse energy is used in electron impact vibrational and electronic excitation of N2, and dissociation of O2. In H2-air mixtures, an additional pathway of H2 dissociation becomes important, and atomic oxygen formation is suppressed. In C2H4-air mixtures, formation of smaller hydrocarbon chains and atomic hydrogen utilizes much of the input pulse energy.
A Virulent Parasite of Karlingia Rosea

6. --, and K. M. Safeeulla. 1968. Aspects of teliospore germination in some North American smut fungi. I. Mycologia 60: 231-243. 7. Fischer, G. W. 1953. Manual of the North American smut fungi. Ronald Press Co., New York. 343 p. 8. Johanson, D. A. 1940. Plant microtechnique. McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc. New York and London. 523 p. 9. Savile, D. B. 0. 1974. Orphanomyces, a new genus of cypericolous smuts. Canad. J. Bot. 52: 341-343. 10. Thirumalachar, M. J., M. D. Whitehead, and Muriel J. O'Brien. 1967. Studies in the genus Tolyposporella. Mycologia 59: 389-396.
Meta- analysis on the mental state of occupational people

[Objective]To synthetically analyze the mental state of occupational people. [Methods] Meta - analysis was made on 7 articles about mental state of occupational people. [Results]Homogeneity test of 9 groups of symptoms in SCL-90 form showed that random effeet model should be selected for weighting and pooling data. All the groups except for the group of sensitive human relationship ( d ) = 0.1504, 95% CI: -0.074 8, 0.344 6) have statistic significance.[Conclusion]Occupational people suffer from mental problems that should be solved to prevent physical diseases.
Resistance of Musca domestica to four kinds of normal used insecticides in Jiangsu province

ObjectiveTo investigate the resistance of Musca domestica to 4 kinds of normal used insecticides in Jiangsu province in 2005.MethodsTopical application.ResultsMusca domestica developed high resistances to DDVP,cypermethrin,deltamethrin and permethrin in Zhengjiang and Taizhou city.In Zhangjiagang,the resistances to cypermethrin,deltamethrin and permethrin were moderate,while the resistance to DDVP was high.ConclusionAfter some insecticides were used to control Musca domestica for a long time in Zhenjiang,Taizhou and Zhangjiagang,Musca domestica had developed obvious resistance to insecticides.Insecticides should be changed for controlling Musca domestica in these areas.
An Experimental Study on the Neuronal Apoptosis of Campotothecine Induces in mice1

Objective:To observe camptothecin neurotoxic effect of primary cultured mouse neurons in vitro. Methods:Firstly,observe the relationship between dose-effect and time-effect of Camptothecin effect on neuron activity. Then,by TUNEL staining method,gamma H2 AX immunofluorescence labeling and flow cytometry method,to detect of the neuron apoptosis intervened by Camptothecin. Results: Camptothecin inhibits obviously neuron cell activity and dependences on concentration and time. Compared with the control group,the camptothecin group neuron shows more gamma H2 AX and TUNEL positive staining.Flow cytometry shows the increasing of early apoptosis(27.8%) and the late apoptosis(4.7%) in the camptothecin group. Conclusion:Camptothecin inhibits activity of neuron, causes DNA damage, and induced neuronal apoptosis. However, the internal mechanism of camptothecin neurotoxicity needs further research.
Post-prostatectomy impotence.

AbstractWith the help of the principles of rapid eye movement sleep and nocturnal penile tumescence, 14 patients who underwent transurethral prostatectomy were studied by monitoring the electroencephalograph, electro-oculograph and penile Plethysmograph activity preoperatively and postoperatively. No instance of complete loss of penile erection was found postoperatively The need for objective rather than subjective data is emphasized.
Maternal Alcohol Use During Pregnancy and Associated Morbidities in Very Low Birth Weight Newborns.

Abstract Background We hypothesized that maternal alcohol use occurs in pregnancies that end prematurely and that in utero alcohol exposure is associated with an increased risk of morbidities of premature newborns. Methods In an observational study of mothers who delivered very low birth weight newborns (VLBW) ≤1,500 g, maternal alcohol use was determined via a standardized administered questionnaire. We compared the effect of maternal drinking on the odds of developing late-onset sepsis (LOS), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), death, BPD or death, days on oxygen or any morbidity (either LOS, BPD or death). The effect of drinking amounts (light versus heavy) was also evaluated. Results A total of 129 subjects who delivered 143 VLBW newborns were enrolled. Approximately 1 in 3 (34%) subjects reported drinking alcohol during the first trimester ("exposed"). Within the exposed group, 15% reported drinking ≥7drinks/week ("heavy") and 85% of the subjects reported drinking Conclusions In utero alcohol exposure during the first trimester occurred in 34% of VLBW newborns. Maternal drinking in the first trimester was associated with significantly increased odds of neonatal morbidity. Further studies are warranted to determine the full effect of in utero alcohol exposure on the adverse outcomes of VLBW premature newborns.
Effects of Beta-Lactam Antibiotics on the Lymphocyte Responses In Vitro and in Animals

The cephalosporin antibiotics continue to be further developed and are among the more popular agents for treating bacterial infections [14, 15]. It has been shown that certain cephalosporins, even in therapeutic concentrations, can suppress [3H]-thymidine incorporation by human peripheral blood lymphocytes following stimulation with mitogens or specific antigens [4, 8, 10]. Potential clinical implications for such observations remain unclear, since there is no assurance that such in vitro phenomena are paralleled by in vivo events. Studies designed to evaluate immune responses in animals, after injection with cephalosporins, have produced somewhat conflicting results [3, 5, 13], but do support the hypothesis that these agents may have immunoregulatory activity.
Dynamic Programming and Problem-Solving

A device that can perform the elementary operations of arithmetic rapidly and accurately and store the results of these calculations in order to use them at appropriate times according to assigned instructions necessarily must exert a strong influence upon any field in which significant problems can be quantized. It is obvious therefore that the digital computer plays a role of increasing importance in science and engineering. What is not as clear is the magnitude or kind of influence. The second computer revolution, the overthrow of the concepts and methodology of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, will be far more dramatic than the first which consisted merely in an accelerated use of the methods and methodology of these bygone eras.
Chapter 13 – Sub-RISC Processors

Publisher Summary The concurrency implementation gap is a major impediment to deploying programmable platforms. Architectures that provide poor support for application concurrency requirements make this gap wide; ad hoc methodologies for programming concurrent applications make the gap difficult to cross. Designers must address both these issues to achieve good results. First, it is important to choose a basic block processing element that can support application-specific process-level, data-level, and datatype-level concurrency. Tiny Instructionset Processors and Interconnect (TIPI) sub-RISC processing elements (PEs) are a compelling choice because they provide the right balance between programmability and application specificity. This comes at a lower cost than typical processor architectures in terms of hardware resources and designer hours. Second, designers should take a disciplined approach to deploying concurrent applications. To program the PEs, we provide a deployment methodology called Cairn that provides multiple abstractions for the different facets of the design problem. This makes it easy to cross the implementation gap. Designers can experiment with changes to the application, the architecture, and the mapping individually. Effective design space exploration will lead to high performance. The performance numbers for FPGA test case implementation show the advantages of sub-RISC PEs. Implemented in an ASIC, a multiprocessor of ClickPE and LuleaPE elements can easily surpass the IXP2800 in raw packet destination lookup performance. Clearly, the PEs can make excellent building blocks for future programmable platforms.
The Frontier Markets Story: Adapting to a New Landscape

In search for performance and diversification, bold investors ready to go where few investors have gone before have begun spicing up their portfolios with an exotic asset category increasingly identified as “frontier markets.” Many factors have led them gradually to consider strategic allocations to these areas, not the least of which is the fact that emerging economies have become more correlated with developed economies. Also, articles in several trade publications and the business press speak of these markets as having gone beyond diversification benefits. According to these sources, frontier markets, having been less volatile than either the developed or emerging markets, provide investors with excellent risk-adjusted performance.
Fungal Infections of the Skin

Fungal infections of the skin are the fourth most common of all conditions that cause human ill health, and as expected they include some of the most common of all human disease s such as ringworm or dermatophytosis, superficial Candida infections, and pityriasis versicolor. These are infections seen in all climates. Some such as tinea corporis are more common in the tropics, whereas foot infection is seen in all countries, and onychomycosis or fungal nail infection has a higher prevalence in the colder northern climates. All are treatable with topical or orally active antifungal drugs. In recent years there have been significant advances in their management so that most infections can be cured by either short-term topical therapy or in extensive disease states by a more prolonged course of an oral antifungal such as terbinafine, itraconazole, griseofulvin, or fluconazole. The newer antifungal drugs have not been fully evaluated as potential treatments for these conditions. Most occur in otherwise healthy individual, although oral Candida infections usually present in patients with an underlying abnormality or immunodeficiency including HIV/AIDS. Although treatment has been available for many years, antifungal resistance has only proved to be a problem in oral candidosis.
Storm impact on sea surface temperature and chlorophyll a in the Gulf of Mexico and Sargasso Sea based on daily cloud-free satellite data reconstructions

Upper ocean responses to tropical storms/hurricanes have been extensively studied using satellite observations. However, resolving concurrent sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll a (chl a) responses along storm tracks remains a major challenge due to extensive cloud coverage in satellite images. Here we produce daily cloud-free SST and chl a reconstructions based on the Data INterpolating Empirical Orthogonal Function method over a 10 year period (2003–2012) for the Gulf of Mexico and Sargasso Sea regions. Daily reconstructions allow us to characterize and contrast previously obscured subweekly SST and chl a responses to storms in the two main storm-impacted regions of the Atlantic Ocean. Statistical analyses of daily SST and chl a responses revealed regional differences in the response time as well as the response sensitivity to maximum sustained wind speed and translation speed. This study demonstrates that SST and chl a responses clearly depend on regional ocean conditions and are not as universal as might have been previously suggested.
Fertility Following Treatment with Iodine-131 for Thyroid Cancer

The earliest clinical use of radioiodine in the treatment of thyroid cancer was reported by Hamilton in 1940. Since those early days dramatic responses and cures have been documented even in disseminated tumors, establishing iodine as the most effective nonsurgical treatment for thyroid cancer [1]. Most adult patients with tumors greater than 1 cm will be treated with an ablation dose (usually 3–3.7 GBq, 81–100 mCi) of I while those with adverse prognostic factors or metastatic disease will need to receive several doses of radioiodine. The safety of I is well documented [2]. Acute toxicity is mild – side effects include nausea, sialoadenitis, neck discomfort, and transient hematological depression. Late complications such as pulmonary fibrosis, myelodysplasia, leukemia, and second malignancies are rare. The risk of leukemia and possibly second cancers increases with high cumulative dose of I [3]. Differentiated thyroid cancer is not uncommon in women of childbearing years or in young men, and can also affect children, particularly those previously exposed to radiotherapy to the head and neck. For this group of patients prognosis is excellent with a long-term survival of over 90% [1]. In recent years the possibility of long-term gonadal damage from radioactive iodine has become increasingly appreciated and the subject of several reports. Effects on Female Fertility
Attentional bias to alcohol stimuli predicts elevated cue-induced craving in young adult social drinkers

Considerable evidence has identified biased cognitive processing of alcohol-related stimuli as an important factor in the maintenance of alcohol-seeking and relapse among individuals suffering from alcohol use-disorders (AUDs). In addition, a large body of research has demonstrated that exposure to alcohol cues can elicit powerful alcohol cravings. Little is known, however, about the possible relationship between attentional bias and cue-induced cravings, and even less is known about these processes in social drinkers without a personal history of AUDs. The goal of this study was to examine the possibility that attentional biases toward alcohol-related stimuli would predict elevated cue-induced alcohol craving in this population. Young adult social drinkers (N=30, Mean age=22.8±1.9, 61% female) recruited from an urban university population completed a visual dot probe task in which they were presented with alcohol and neutral stimulus pictures that were immediately followed by a visual probe replacing one of the pictures. Attentional bias was measured by calculating reaction times to probes that replaced alcohol stimuli vs. neutral stimuli. Participants then completed a classic alcohol cue-exposure task and reported cravings immediately before and after alcohol and neutral cue-exposures. Not surprisingly, exposure to alcohol cues elicited significant cravings. Consistent with the study hypothesis, larger attentional biases toward alcohol stimuli predicted higher levels of alcohol craving. Findings demonstrate that heightened attention to alcohol stimuli can significantly impact motivation to consume in healthy young adults, and suggest a possible pathway linking cognitive processes early in the drinking trajectory to the later development of AUDs.
Half-fluence photodynamic therapy in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of half-fluence photodynamic therapy (PDT) in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). Materials and Methods: Forty-two eyes of 34 patients with chronic CSC and symptoms for at least 6 months were retrospectively reviewed. All eyes were treated with indocyanine green (ICG)-guided half-fluence PDT. The primary outcome measure was the proportion of eyes with complete resolution of subretinal fluid (SRF) on spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). The secondary outcome measure was change in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). SPSS v. 16 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: The mean follow-up period was 12.5 ± 4.3 months. Twenty six (78.78%) eyes showed complete resolution of SRF (P Conclusion: Half-fluence PDT is an effective and safe method in the treatment of chronic CSC with stabilization or improvement of anatomical and functional outcomes.
S.J. Lawson, Inc.—A Performance Measurement Behavioral Audit

With the encouragement of its overseas parent company, Cochran Consumer Products Inc. (CCPI), the U.S.-based executive team at S.J. Lawson, Inc. (SJLI), was nearly ready to announce the new financial performance measurement focus and economic profit (EP) for the company's product category managers. Currently, the SJLI executive team was finalizing plans for its initial announcement to the subsidiary's five product category managers. The team had received some general guidance from headquarters but it had also been told that because it knew the category managers best, it should develop its own local strategy for introducing the initiative. Excerpt UVA-C-2366 Rev. Aug. 18, 2016 S.J. Lawson, Inc.—A Performance Measurement Behavioral Audit With the encouragement of its overseas parent company, Cochran Consumer Products Inc. (CCPI), the U.S.-based executive team at S.J. Lawson, Inc. (SJLI), was nearly ready to announce the new financial performance metric, economic profit (EP), the company was rolling out for all its product category managers. In fact, the CCPI announcement was scheduled to take place in four weeks. Currently, the SJLI executive team was finalizing plans for its initial announcement to the subsidiary's five product category managers. The team had received some general guidance from headquarters, but it had also been told that because it knew the category managers best, it should develop its own local strategy for introducing the initiative by June 30. CCPI's public announcement would immediately follow all the subsidiary announcements. The new focus was the result of almost nine months of intensive interviews, frequent meetings, heated discussions, and detailed refinements at both the corporate and subsidiary levels. The new EP metric was intended to extend the product category managers' financial objective from a traditional earnings perspective (i.e., product category profit) to a value-created focus (Exhibit 1). The parent company's global network of subsidiaries was embarking on the very same initiative, all galvanized and coordinated out of CCPI's European corporate headquarters by the conglomerate's CFO and CMO. Context . . .
T2: A Highly Accurate and Energy Efficient Stride Prefetcher

Prefetching is a central element in most microarchitectures. Many different algorithms have been proposed with varying degrees of complexity and effectiveness. There is a tradeoff among various aspects of coverage, accuracy, and cost, especially when we try to exploit both simpler access patterns and more complex ones simultaneously. In this paper, we propose a design that only targets canonical strided access patterns, but does so with a very high accuracy. Compared to many other state-of-the-art prefetchers, sometimes with much more ambitious coverage, our design incurs much less memory traffic, reduces energy consumption, while still performs better on average.
Development of a heat vulnerability index for New York State.

Abstract Objectives The frequency and intensity of extreme heat events are increasing in New York State (NYS) and have been linked with increased heat-related morbidity and mortality. But these effects are not uniform across the state and can vary across large regions due to regional sociodemographic and environmental factors which impact an individual's response or adaptive capacity to heat and in turn contribute to vulnerability among certain populations. We developed a heat vulnerability index (HVI) to identify heat-vulnerable populations and regions in NYS. Study design Census tract level environmental and sociodemographic heat-vulnerability variables were used to develop the HVI to identify heat-vulnerable populations and areas. Methods Variables were identified from a comprehensive literature review and climate-health research in NYS. We obtained data from 2010 US Census Bureau and 2011 National Land Cover Database. We used principal component analysis to reduce correlated variables to fewer uncorrelated components, and then calculated the cumulative HVI for each census tract by summing up the scores across the components. The HVI was then mapped across NYS (excluding New York City) to display spatial vulnerability. The prevalence rates of heat stress were compared across HVI score categories. Results Thirteen variables were reduced to four meaningful components representing 1) social/language vulnerability; 2) socioeconomic vulnerability; 3) environmental/urban vulnerability; and 4) elderly/ social isolation. Vulnerability to heat varied spatially in NYS with the HVI showing that metropolitan areas were most vulnerable, with language barriers and socioeconomic disadvantage contributing to the most vulnerability. Reliability of the HVI was supported by preliminary results where higher rates of heat stress were collocated in the regions with the highest HVI. Conclusions The NYS HVI showed spatial variability in heat vulnerability across the state. Mapping the HVI allows quick identification of regions in NYS that could benefit from targeted interventions. The HVI will be used as a planning tool to help allocate appropriate adaptation measures like cooling centers and issue heat alerts to mitigate effects of heat in vulnerable areas.
Prevention of Late-Life Dementia: No Magic Bullet.

The 4 evidence-based reviews from the Minnesota Evidence-based Practice Center summarized findings from randomized controlled trials on the effectiveness of interventions to prevent cognitive decli...