cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The use of tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy for the measurement of flame dynamics

Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy was used to measure temperature fluctuations in acoustically forced laminar and turbulent flames. The absorption of two high-temperature water lines, at 7444.37 cm−1 (v1+v3 bands) and 7185.59 cm−1 (2v1, v1+v3 bands), yielded an instantaneous temperature measurement of the product stream. The instantaneous temperature of the gases was used as an indicator of the energy transferred to the product stream from the combustion process. The frequency response of product gas temperature to velocity perturbations was compared to the frequency response of OH* chemiluminescence, an indicator of the chemical heat release rate. Past measurements of flame dynamics used chemiluminescence as the sole indicator of heat release rate, in effect assuming that the energy input rate from the flame into the acoustic field is dynamically equivalent to the chemical reaction rate. Through the use of TDLAS, the unsteady enthalpy of the gases was measured, which includes the effects of thermal diffusion and heat transfer. The measurements show that the frequency response function of gas temperature differs significantly from the chemiluminescence frequency response.
Determination of the angle in a Fisher distribution which will be exceeded with a given probability

Summary. The angle, θp, in a Fisher distribution which will be exceeded with probability p is shown to be given by The solution does not involve any estimation of the population precision and as such is the small sample solution. Fisher derived the analogue of ‘Student's’ test for mean directions and the test derived here is the equivalent test for individual observations.
Modulation transfer function measurement technique for small-pixel detectors

A modulation transfer function (MTF) measurement technique suitable for large-format, small-pixel detector characterization has been investigated. A volume interference grating is used as a test image instead of the bar or sine wave target images normally used. This technique permits a high-contrast, large-area, sinusoidal intensity distribution to illuminate the device being tested, avoiding the need to deconvolve raw data with imaging system characteristics. A high-confidence MTF result at spatial frequencies near 200 cycles/mm is obtained. We present results at several visible light wavelengths with a 6.8-micron-pixel CCD. Pixel response functions are derived from the MTF results.
Guidance and differentiation of maternally directed orienting behaviors: Probing the origins of filial attachment

Newborn rats seek and attain contact with their mothers by orienting and primitive locomotor behaviors called maternally-directed orienting behaviors (MDOBs). By 2 days of age MDOBs are elicited specifically by maternal features and are heightened by a period of acute separation from the mother. This behavioral regulation by the mother's presence suggests an early form of filial attachment. To probe for other evidence of filial attachment, two aspects of the controls of MDOBs were investigated: (1) whether MDOBs are goal-corrected in relation to the dam's position and (2) whether the performance of MDOBs can be separated from that of suckling. It was found that, during the first 2 days after birth, MDOBs maintained the pup's ventrum-to-ventrum contact with the dam regardless of her position, suggesting that they are goal-corrected. Evidence was not found for independent controls of nipple grasping (NG), the behavior that initiates suckling, and MDOBs during the first two postnatal days.
Chloroplast small heat-shock proteins protect photosynthesis during heavy metal stress

Plants can accumulate heavy metals when exposed to them at high levels. These metals can interfere with photosynthesis. Limited evidence suggests that increased synthesis of some heat-shock proteins (Hsps) may be a general plant response to metal stress, but the specific functions or structures protected by Hsps remain unidentified. Chloroplast small Hsps (smHsps) protect photosynthetic electron transport (Ph(et)) during heat, oxidative, and photoinhibitory stress, but it is not known if chloroplast smHsps are synthesized during metal stress and protect photosynthesis. Zea mays (corn) plants were exposed to varying soil concentrations of Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn to determine if chloroplast smHsps are induced by heavy metals, if smHsps protect Ph(et), and any effects on chloroplast smHsp and photosynthesis. Net photosynthesis (Ph(n)) decreased with all metals-more so at higher levels and with longer exposures. Decreases in Ph(n) resulted from damage to photosynthetic metabolism, including Ph(et). All metals increased chloroplast smHsp content, which increased with time of exposure. In vitro, Ph(et) was protected from Pb (but not Ni) by purified chloroplast smHsp added to thylakoids. In vivo, Ph(n) was protected from Ni and Pb by increases in smHsp in a heat-tolerant Agrostis stolonifera selection genotype expressing additional chloroplast smHsps compared to a near-isogenic heat-sensitive genotype. These results are evidence that Hsps protect photosynthesis from heavy metals and are among the first to demonstrate specific functions protected by Hsps during metal stress.
28.2: Development of a 312ppi 4.1-inch XGA Display with Low Temperature Poly-Si Technology

A 312 ppi super high resolution TFT LCD panel with integrated scan driver and de-multiplexer is developed by employing PMOS of the Low Temperature Poly-Silicon technology. On the panel, 192 data inputs, driven by exclusive ASIC with 6-bit gray-scale to display 262,144 colors, are de-multiplexed into 16 phases for all the data lines.
EMI-based classification of multiple closely spaced subsurface objects via independent component analysis

Previous work in subsurface object discrimination using electromagnetic induction data has shown that discrimination algorithms based on statistical signal processing techniques are effective for classifying data from objects that occur in isolation. However, for multiple closely spaced subsurface objects, the raw (unprocessed) measurement is a mixture of the responses from several objects and as such cannot be used directly to determine the identity of each of the individual objects. Thus, we propose to separate individual signatures from the mixture by posing the problem as a blind source separation (BSS) problem and effecting signature separation using independent component analysis. We propose to apply BSS to separate the mixed signatures and then follow the separation process with a Bayesian classifier. This approach is evaluated using both simulated data and data from unexploded ordnance items. The results show that this approach can be used to effectively classify multiple closely spaced objects.
The effect of stool consistency on rectal and neorectal emptying.

Although stool consistency is considered to be an important component of anorectal continence, its effect on rectal emptying has never been quantitated. In 12 healthy volunteers and 12 patients after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) (46±5 months after the operation; mean ± SEM), perfused anal manometry was performed; movements of the anorectal angle were quantitated scintigraphically; and rectal capacity and compliance were measured by air insufflation of an intrarectal balloon at three infusion rates. The efficiency of rectal evacuation of three consistencies (5 percent, liquid; 7.5 percent semisolid gel; 11.25 percent solid gel; w/w) of Tc99m labeled artificial stool (aluminum magnesium silicate gel) was quantitated by gamma camera imaging. No abnormalities of pelvic floor function were demonstrated in either controls or patients. The mean neorectal capacity and compliance of patients with IPAA did not differ from control, (capacity; IPAA: 215±22 mlvs. control; 245±29 ml; compliance; IPAA: 5.5±0.7 ml/cm H2Ovs. control; 6.6±0.7 ml/cm H2O;P>0.05). In controls, the percentage of the 7.5 percent consistency evacuated (81±5 percent, mean ± SEM) was significantly more than the percentage evacuation of either the 5 percent consistency (67±7 percent) or the 11.25 percent consistency (77±2 percent) (P 0.1). We concluded that in healthy subjects but not in patients after IPAA, stool consistency affected the efficiency of evacuation of enteric content.
Obesity, Cognitive Functioning and Dementia: Back to the Future

The conditions of chronic obesity and overweight status are risk factors for lower cognitive performance, cognitive decline, cognitive deficit, and dementia. But lower cognitive performance early in life itself may be a risk factor for an increase in body weight over time. With this in mind, we review important papers in the literature that advance our knowledge of relations between weight and cognitive functioning, with an emphasis on papers that illustrate methodological and theoretical issues of importance. We describe the evolution in research on weight and cognition with respect to two major features: (a) the move backward in time from the diagnosis of dementia to the pre-clinical period of dementia in order to better identify risk factors; and (b) the evolution of studies from an earlier emphasis on obesity-related cardiovascular risk factors as major mediators of relations between obesity and cognition to a more recent emphasis on metabolic variables, lifestyle variables, genotype, and other mechanisms that explain relations among weight change, obesity, and cognition. We conclude that: 1) a complete understanding of the causal links between weight and cognitive functioning requires a lifespan perspective; 2) practically speaking, lifespan research may need to amalgamate and integrate research at different segments of the lifespan until such time that we can include the entire life cycle within a single study of weight and cognition; and 3) we need more studies that examine reciprocal relations between weight and cognition, especially early in life.
Ge/Si hetero-nanocrystal MOSFET memories

MOSFET memory devices with Ge/Si HNCs (hetero-nanocrystal) floating gate were fabricated. A superior performance was demonstrated, including larger storage capability, longer retention time, and faster programming speed, which makes Ge/Si HNCs memories promising candidate to replace Si NCs memories.
The strength of HR practices in India and their effects on employee career success, performance, and potential

This study explores the role of HR practices for individual and organizational success via a survey of 4,811 employees from 32 units of 28 companies operating in India. We report on employee perceptions of the effectiveness of three specifi c human resource practices within their fi rms and the relationship of these practices to career success, performance, and potential. Companies operating in India appear to be creating strong human resource climates based on structured HR practices in performance management, professional development, and normalized performance ratings. The perceived effectiveness of these HR practices infl uences employees’ perceptions of career success and, to a lesser extent, organizationally rated performance and potential. We report differences in perceptions of HR practices among national, international, and global companies and among the industries of information technology (IT), manufacturing, and services. The relationship of perceptions to HR practices and outcomes was partially contingent on fi geographic scope and industry sector. Implications for research and practice are discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ethical Reflections in Genetic Screening: A Reply to Swint and Kaback

Before replying to the contribution of J. Michael Swint and Michael M. Kaback, in their “Intervention Against Genetic Disease: Economic and Ethical Considerations,” it may be useful to consider their examination of the economic and ethical consequences of three genetic screening programs in the wider context of a prominent dilemma which is presently confronting the public, virtually all health professionals, the United States government, and even the entire market economy ([2],[3]). In the present context, where we have been asking what, if anything, is the price of health, it may be useful to formulate the central predicament which is now upon us, and to appreciate the fact that two equally distasteful conclusions or outcomes are about to be realized.
Improving Patient Retention and Access to Oral Health Care: The CARES Program

Improving access to dental care for patients experiencing barriers such as financial, transportation, or mental health is a public health concern. Dental schools have an obligation to assist patients experiencing such barriers as well as to educate future dentists and allied professionals on how to assist these patients in overcoming barriers. Once admitted to the dental clinic, retention issues can further complicate the provision of dental care. This article will describe an innovative program designed to address biopsychosocial barriers to dental care. Needs assessments of patients sitting in the waiting room of the dental clinic were conducted by master's of social work (M.S.W.) students. Based on needs assessment results, common dental care barriers were identified and served as the foundation for the establishment of a social work program in the dental clinic. Dental students, faculty, and staff refer patients to the social work program when barriers to care are found. These biopsychosocial barriers are addressed by social workers, uniquely qualified professionals in providing case management, advocacy, referrals, education, and services (CARES). Over the course of three years, 80 percent of patients experiencing an identified barrier to the receipt of dental care were retained through social work intervention. These patients were able to receive dental care within the past year. Dental schools can collaborate with social work schools to establish a protocol and assistance program for dental patients experiencing difficulty accessing care, thereby improving oral health status, retention rates, and dental student education.
Structural hierarchy controls deformation behavior of collagen.

The structure of collagen, the most abundant protein in mammals, consists of a triple helix composed of three helical polypeptide chains. The deformation behavior of collagen is governed by molecular mechanisms that involve the interaction between different helical hierarchies found in collagen. Here, we report results of Steered Molecular Dynamics study of the full-length collagen molecule (∼290 nm). The collagen molecule is extended at various pulling rates ranging from 0.00003/ps to 0.012/ps. These simulations reveal a new level of hierarchy exhibited by collagen: helicity of the triple chain. This level of hierarchy is apparent at the 290 nm length and cannot be observed in the 7–9 nm models often described to evaluate collagen mechanics. The deformation mechanisms in collagen are governed by all three levels of hierarchy, helicity of single chain (level-1), helical triple helix (level-2), and hereby described helicity of the triple chain (level-3). The mechanics resulting from the three levels is des...
Well Analyzing the Legal Principle Will Improve the Ideological and Political Education Effect in the Course of The Legal Basis

The Legal Basis is one important part of the course of"Military deological and moral cultivation and legal basis".To improve the teaching quality and strengthen the ideological and political effect in the course of"legal basis",well analyzing the legal principle is the key.Jurisprudence embodies the essence of law and human wisdom.well analyzing the legal principle is an effective way to strengthen ideological and moral education.It is an objective need to Spread the concept of socialist rule of law.It is also one of the necessary measures to implement the"Party’s Innovation Theory".In the teaching practice we can well analyze the legal principle with cases,proverbs.To do it well,we should also change with the time.
Evaluation of several film/screen combinations for megavoltage radiation therapy treatment field verification.

Abstract The introduction of a lower cost alternative to a film commonly used for megavoltage radiation therapy port films led to a comparison of two films (Kodak X-TL and X-OMAT G) in four metal screen cassette configurations. In addition to determination of H-D curves and point spread functions, images of humanoid phantom sections were obtained and evaluated for clinical “usefulness.” The X-OMAT G film-screen combinations compared favorably with the X-TL film combinations with respect to the H-D Curves and point spread functions but there was a slight preference for X-TL film. There were no differences noted whether the film was used in the standard “ready pack” or naked in the cassettes.
Social Media Keep Buzzing! A Test of The Contingency Theory in China’s Red Cross Credibility Crisis

Based on current literature on crisis management and contingency theory, this study explored how the Red Cross, China’s biggest charity, practices public relations in a low-trust society and how contingent factors influence organizational stances in the “Guo Meimei incident,” which initially erupted in 2011 as a personal issue, but quickly destroyed the reputation of the Red Cross, and continuously evolved over three years. By analyzing 1,300 public posts on social media, 576 news articles, and public relation materials of the Red Cross Society of China, I identified several unique contingent variables in the Chinese context such as the powerful public-led agenda, heavily censored media landscape, and low trust of the society as a whole. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
A full wave integral equation analysis of conductors

In this paper, we summarize the formulation of the augmented electric field integral equation to solve perfect electric conductor and dielectric problems. By studying the numerical integrations of the lossy Green's function, we extend this formulation for dielectrics to conductors precisely. We develop a novel angular integral method to evaluate the numerical integrals. This method turns out to be more efficient and accurate than other conventional methods, especially when the medium becomes highly conductive. The numerical results show that problems of low loss and high loss can all be solved accurately. With the proper acceleration methods, realistic problems with a large number of unknowns can be solved efficiently.
Neither lieux de mémoire, nor non-lieux: Towards a Concept of Precarious Spaces in Philippe Vasset’s Un livre blanc

This article starts from the identification in French literature of a recent turn to the peripheries, at a time when the centre of Paris has become both museified and gentrified. Taking Philippe Vasset's 'recit' Un livre blanc (2007) as a case study of this turn, this article identifies urban peripheries as the space where the postcolonial and the post-industrial intersect, intensifying the precarity of those who live there. The analysis proceeds dialectically to unfold the ways in which Vasset both resorts to the neutralizing spatialism operated by cartography and distances himself from these postmodern coordinates, deploying a 'poetics of precarity' that encodes the unstable qualities of the peripheries. Arguing that neither of the two concepts currently used to define contemporary space — the lieux de memoire and the non-lieux — is fully apt to describe the current socio-temporal configurations of urban peripheries, this article elaborates the concept of 'precarious spaces', redirecting the analysis towards the political pressures exerted by the globalized, fragile dimensions of our contemporary moment. Vasset's text is thus analysed in its capacity to insist on the relevance of the notion of precarity in the study of contemporary French literature.
Neural Networks Refined: Using a Genetic Algorithm to Identify Predictors of is Student Success

In this study, a genetic algorithm trained neural network was used to identify relevant characteristics of successful IS students. Those variables identified as predictors of student success includ...
Cultivating ‘cities in the wilderness’: New York City's commercial pleasure gardens and the British American pursuit of rural urbanism

Privately owned, for-profit, seasonal, walled-off venues that boasted a variety of flora and fauna in addition to other services like stages, buildings, thespians, musicians, exhibits and victuals, New York City's Vauxhall and Ranelagh commercial pleasure gardens blossomed by the mid-eighteenth century. An in-depth analysis of these pleasure gardens not only contributes to how we understand colonists’ endeavours to support a more complete leisure sector, but also reveals the nuanced nature of the ‘rural vs. urban’ or ‘wilderness vs. civilization’ dyads. Ultimately, urban colonists hoped to embrace the rural nature of their surroundings to make their ‘cities in the wilderness’ more accessible, healthy places.
Cold Plasma Processing of Fruit Juices

Abstract Cold plasma is a novel technology that has shown potential for food decontamination, shelf life extension, and processing of heat-sensitive food products. The application of cold plasma in fruit juice processing is an innovative approach for safety and quality retention of fruit juices with potential commercial prospects. Cold plasma has proven its efficacy in inactivating various pathogenic and spoilage organisms found in fruit juices. The simple design, low cost, easy scale-up, flexible configuration and environment-friendly nature of cold plasma offers unique advantages over traditional processing technologies. However, cold plasma food processing is still in its nascent form, and needs further research to assess its application on a wide range of fruit juices and optimization of process variables.
Methods for Optimizing Product Platforms and Product Families

Optimization has been used for many years during product design to help determine the values of design variables, x, that minimize (or maximize) one or more objectives, f(x), while satisfying a set of constraints, {g(x), h(x)}, and the design variable lower and upper bounds, x1 and xu, respectively. The typical notation for formulating the optimization problem is as follows: $$\begin{gathered}Find: x \hfill \\Min: f(x) \hfill \\Subject to:g(x) \leqslant 0 \hfill \\h(x) = 0 \hfill \\x^1 \leqslant x \leqslant x^u \hfill \\\end{gathered}$$ (1)
Scalable Open-Source Reconfigurable Architecture for Bacterial Quorum Sensing Simulations

Quorum sensing in cells is a generalized framework for modeling and analyzing the local density of the bacterial population in a given biological environment. It has applications in biology, medical and therapeutic domains, e.g., cancer cell research. Software-based simulations are generally slow and only provide a certain level of functional faithfulness or model fidelity. In this work we introduce a scalable open-source architecture to accelerate bacterial quorum sensing simulations called ABAQS (Agent Based Architecture for Quorum sensing Simulation). The presented architecture allows researchers to create and launch new simulations by quickly incorporating custom cell models. The architecture is highly modular and separates the functional model from control logic. It has a simple interface to enable users to readily connect their custom models to the simulation platform. To illustrate the proposed architecture, we present the implementation details and results for a small-scale model representing up to 81 cells which we have synthesized and configured on an FPGA. We also highlight some of the key features to be implemented in future versions of the proposed architecture. The open-source license of this project will allow other researchers to contribute and improve the architecture to (a) better fit their quorum sensing simulations and (b) give the community a flexible simulation acceleration tool.
Alert-based computerized decision support for high-risk hospitalized patients with atrial fibrillation not prescribed anticoagulation: a randomized, controlled trial (AF-ALERT).

AIMS Despite widely available risk stratification tools, safe and effective anticoagulant options, and guideline recommendations, anticoagulation for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF) is underprescribed. We created and evaluated an alert-based computerized decision support (CDS) strategy to increase anticoagulation prescription in hospitalized AF patients at high risk for stroke. METHODS AND RESULTS We enrolled 458 patients (CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥1) with AF who were not prescribed anticoagulant therapy and were hospitalized at Brigham and Women's Hospital. Patients were randomly allocated, according to Attending Physician of record, to intervention (alert-based CDS) vs. control (no notification). The primary efficacy outcome was the frequency of anticoagulant prescription. The CDS tool assigned 248 patients to the alert group and 210 to the control group. Patients in the alert group were more likely to be prescribed anticoagulation during the hospitalization (25.8% vs. 9.5%, P < 0.0001), at discharge (23.8% vs. 12.9%, P = 0.003), and at 90 days (27.7% vs. 17.1%, P = 0.007). The alert reduced the odds of a composite outcome of death, myocardial infarction (MI), cerebrovascular event, and systemic embolic event at 90 days [11.3% vs. 21.9%, P = 0.002; odds ratio (OR) 0.45; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.27-0.76]. The alert reduced the odds of MI at 90 days by 87% (1.2% vs. 8.6%, P = 0.0002; OR 0.13; 95% CI 0.04-0.45) and cerebrovascular events or systemic embolism at 90 days by 88% (0% vs. 2.4%, P = 0.02; OR 0.12; 95% CI 0.0-0.91). CONCLUSION An alert-based CDS strategy increased anticoagulation in high-risk hospitalized AF patients and reduced major adverse cardiovascular events, including MI and stroke. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV IDENTIFIER NCT02339493.
Contradictions of neoliberal urbanism in Mumbai, India

Parikh, Aparna. 2018. “Contradictions of neoliberal urbanism in Mumbai, India.” PhD diss., Pennsylvania State University.Feminist scholarship has focused on intimate experiences of marginalized act...
A Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study of Superior Visual Search Abilities in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Although diagnosed on the basis of deficits in social communication and interaction, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is also characterized by superior performance on a variety of visuospatial tasks, including visual search. In neurotypical individuals, region-specific concentrations of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are associated with individual differences in attention and perception. While it has been hypothesized that ASD may be associated with an excitatory-inhibitory imbalance, it remains unclear how this may contribute to accelerated visual search performance in individuals with ASD. To investigate this, 21 children with ASD and 20 typically developing children participated in a visual search task and a magnetic resonance spectroscopy study to detect neurochemical concentrations, including GABA. Region-specific neurochemicals were examined in the right frontal eye fields, right temporal-parietal junction (rTPJ), and bilateral visual cortex (VIS). GABA concentrations did not differ between groups; however, in children with ASD, greater GABA concentration in the VIS was related to more efficient search. Additionally, lower VIS GABA levels were also associated with increased social impairment. Finally, we found reduced N-acetyl aspartate, total creatine, glutamate and glutamine (Glx), GABA/Glx in the rTPJ, suggestive of neuronal dysfunction in a critical network hub. Our results show that GABA concentrations in the VIS are related to efficient search in ASD, thus providing further evidence of enhanced discrimination in ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 550-562. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often perform better than their non-ASD peers on visual search tasks; however, it is unclear how they achieve this superior performance. Using magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure neurochemicals in the brain, we found that the level of one, gamma-aminobutyric acid, in the visual cortex was directly related to search abilities in children with ASD. These results suggest that faster search may relate to enhanced perceptual functioning in children with ASD.
Greater social cohesion is associated with lower body mass index among African American adults.

Abstract Obesity remains a public health issue, especially for Blacks (or African Americans). Obesity is thought to reflect a complex interaction of socioenvironmental, biological, and cognitive factors. Yet, insufficient attention has been given to psychosocial factors like social cohesion within the African American community. Using multivariable linear regression, we examined the association between social cohesion, measured by the Social Cohesion and Trust scale, and body mass index (BMI) with cross-sectional data (n = 1467) from a cohort study (2008–2009). Greater social cohesion was associated with lower BMI (b = -0.88; 95% CI: −1.45, −0.32) in an unadjusted model. The association was strengthened after further adjusting for relevant covariates (i.e., individual-level sociodemographic factors, health behaviors, and depressive symptoms) (b = -1.26; 95% CI: −1.94, −0.58). Future research should examine potential mechanisms underlying the association between social cohesion and BMI with longitudinal data. In the meantime, obesity prevention and intervention measures should consider promoting social ties and bonds to lower BMI in African American communities.
Siamese cat tyrosinase has enhanced proteasome degradation and increased cellular aggregation

Siamese cats are a notable example of a temperature-sensitive partial albinism phenotype. The signature color-pointing pattern is the result of an amino acid substitution - G302R - in the cysteine-rich domain of feline tyrosinase. The precise mechanism for the loss of tyrosinase enzyme activity due to this mutation is unknown. Objective: We have used a cellular biology approach to begin unravel relationships between feline coloration, behavior and increased risk for feline cognitive dysfunction syndrome. GFP-fusion constructs of wild type domestic short hair tyrosinase and Siamese (G302R) tyrosinase generated to study cellular trafficking, degradation and the propensity for cellular aggregation. Data Description: C-terminal GFP G302R expression has reduced Golgi localization, increased cytosolic fractions with reduced calnexin co-localization. N-terminal GFP constructs were retained in the ER, with little to no Golgi associated forms. C-terminal and N-terminal GFP G302R TYR is observed to have increased high molecular weight aggregation following proteasome inhibition.
The Impact of Intentionality of Injury and Substance Use History on Receipt of Discharge Opioid Medication in a Cohort of Seriously Injured Black Men

Black patients are less likely than white patients to receive pain treatment, especially opioids, for both acute and chronic pain. Black men are at higher risk than other populations of being "assumed criminal" regardless of any involvement in criminal activity. Additionally, certain injury and patient characteristics such as intentionality of injury and substance use history may lead providers to suspect criminal involvement and impact pain treatment decisions. The purpose of this study was to describe factors that predict receipt of opioid prescription at hospital discharge. We conducted a secondary analysis of data from a cohort of 623 seriously injured Black men treated at trauma centers in Philadelphia between 2013 and 2017. Regression models were used to examine relationships between discharge opioid prescriptions, injury intent, and substance use history. Controlling for age, injury severity, pain score, length of hospital stay (LOS), insurance type, and year of study, receipt of opioids was not impacted by injury intent. However, patients who self-reported substance overuse were less likely to receive opioids than those who did not. Patients with higher injury severity, pain scores, and longer LOS were more likely to receive opioids. Of patients who received opioids, patients with higher pain scores and longer LOS received higher dosages than those with lower scores and shorter LOS. While previous research highlights stigmatization experienced by intentionally injured patients, injury intent did not impact receipt of discharge opioid prescriptions in this study. Future research should continue to explore the effect of injury intent on patients' experiences in the healthcare system.
Communicating Neurocritical Illness: The Anatomy of Misunderstanding

We talk, text, email all day. Do we perceive things correctly? Do we need to improve the way we communicate? It is a truism that providing insufficient information about a patient results in delays and errors in management. How can we best communicate urgent triage or urgent changes in the patient condition? There is no substitute for a face-to-face conversation but what would the receiving end want to know? One starting point for those practicing acute neurology and neurocritical care is a new mnemonic TELL ME (Time course, Essence, Laboratory, Life-sustaining interventions, Management, Expectation), which will assist physicians in standardizing their communication skills before they start a conversation or pick up a phone. These include knowing the time course (new and "out of the blue" or ongoing for some time); extracting the essentials (eliminating all irrelevancies); communicating what tests are known and pending (computerized tomography and laboratory); relaying how much critical support will be needed (secretion burden, intubation, vasopressors); knowing fully which emergency drugs have been administered (e.g., mannitol, antiepileptics, tranexamic acid), when transport is anticipated, and what can be expected in the following hours. Perfect orchestration in communication may be too much to ask, but we neurointensivists strive to convey information accurately and completely. Communication must be taught, learned, and practiced. This article provides guiding principles for a number of scenarios involving communication inside and outside the hospital.
Self-Identity as a Cognitive Model of the Self: Commentary on Granic, Morita, & Scholten (2020)

We appreciate the opportunity to comment on the Psychological Inquiry article by Granic, Morita, and Scholten (2020). We agree with the authors that developing a self-identity is one of the most im...
Question Answering with Long Multiple-Span Answers

Answering questions in many real-world applications often requires complex and precise information excerpted from texts spanned across a long document. However, currently no such annotated dataset is publicly available, which hinders the development of neural question-answering (QA) systems. To this end, we present MASH-QA, a Multiple Answer Spans Healthcare Question Answering dataset from the consumer health domain, where answers may need to be excerpted from multiple, non-consecutive parts of text spanned across a long document. We also propose MultiCo, a neural architecture that is able to capture the relevance among multiple answer spans, by using a query-based contextualized sentence selection approach, for forming the answer to the given question. We also demonstrate that conventional QA models are not suitable for this type of task and perform poorly in this setting. Extensive experiments are conducted, and the experimental results confirm the proposed model significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art QA models in this multi-span QA setting.
Limited iodate reduction in shipboard seawater incubations from the Eastern Tropical North Pacific oxygen deficient zone

Abstract The relative abundance of the inorganic iodine species, iodide and iodate, are applied to characterize both modern and ancient marine oxygen deficient zones (ODZs). However, the rates and mechanisms responsible for in situ iodine redox transformations are poorly characterized, rendering iodine-based redox reconstructions uncertain. Here, we provide constraints on the rates and mechanisms of iodate reduction in the Eastern Tropical North Pacific (ETNP) offshore ODZ using a shipboard tracer–incubation method. Observations of iodate reduction from incubations were limited to the top of the oxycline ( σ θ ∼ 25.2 kg m − 3 ) where native oxygen concentrations were low, but detectable (≈11 μM). Incubations from additional depths below the oxycline—where O2 was σ θ = 26 - 27 kg m − 3 ; O 2 7 μ M ) demonstrate iodate as a semi-conservative tracer at least partially reflecting regional water mass mixing. A compilation of iodate and dissolved oxygen concentrations from global ODZs generally supports that at least some iodate variations in both vertical and lateral transects largely reflect variable combinations of relatively slow reduction and mixing of iodate reduction signals generated in adjacent regions—as opposed to solely rapid in situ processes. In this context, the variations in iodine speciation inferred for the ancient and modern ocean represent a combination of in situ processes and regional mixing between water masses that retain variable spatially and temporally integrated redox histories.
« Sur la banquise qui fond, formation d’un genre littéraire » : Mystique et esthétique de la catastrophe dans l’œuvre de Philippe Vasset

Considering the theme of catastrophe in the works of Philippe Vasset entails encountering a paradox: almost all of his texts gravitate around various disasters affecting the contemporary world (fro...
P39 Phenotype flip – risk of developing Crohn’s disease following restorative procto-colectomy for ulcerative colitis

Introduction 30% of Ulcerative Colitis (UC) patients require surgery. Restorative procto-colectomy (RPC) with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the preferred procedure. Published experience suggests up to 25% of patients subsequently manifest Crohn’s Disease (CD), and 50% of these require pouch excision. Despite long-term follow up, we had not previously identified Crohn’s conversion in our UC pouch patients. Aim We analysed our UC cohort, for cases where the pouch was either excised or de-functioned. The aim of this study was to quantify the incidence of CD in this group. Methods All children undergoing pouch surgery have had data regarding their surgery, pre-op management and disease status recorded contemporaneously. This database was interrogated and further results from the histology database retrieved. In addition, pre-pouch surgery work up, specifically diagnosis and number of pre-op colonoscopies, was evaluated. Results From 1999 to 2020, 84 children (mean age 13.5 yrs) have undergone surgery for UC with the intention of performing RPC and IPAA. 3 were unable to be anastomosed at initial surgery; 1 subsequently underwent successful IPAA, 2 have end ileostomies. 10 patients have had their pouch excised. The excised pouch did not demonstrate CD. 4 were excised for poor function, 3 for pelvic sepsis, 2 for faecal incontinence and 1 for bleeding. 3 of the 10 subsequently underwent successful revision pouch surgery. 4 other patients are currently diverted with an ileostomy (2 because of complications in pregnancy). We have not identified CD developing in previous UC in our cohort. No children with a diagnosis of indeterminate colitis underwent RPC and IPAA. Children with the diagnosis of indeterminate colitis on initial histology had a subsequent diagnosis of UC on imaging or histology before surgery. The median number of pre-colectomy endoscopies performed was 3. Summary and conclusion At median follow up of 10 years, we have not seen a conversion of diagnosis from UC to CD. This contrasts with published experience.
Validation of a Point-of-Care Analyzer for Determining Anticoagulation Status During Air Transport.

Abstract Objective We evaluated a point-of-care prothrombin time (PT)/international normalized ratio (INR) cartridge-based analyzer for its feasibility, accuracy, and value in critical care air transport. Methods In this prospective study, blood samples from 10 randomly selected adult patients were tested with the cartridge during transport to determine feasibility. The cartridge results were compared with the laboratory results for the same samples. Similarly, blood samples from an additional 20 randomly selected adult patients were tested to determine test accuracy. A chart review identified 110 adult patients with PT/INR cartridge results to determine the clinical value of those results. Results Data from the first group of 10 patients showed that vibration did not affect use of the cartridge. The average bias between the 2 testing methods was 0.0 INR units. A comparison of the PT/INR cartridge results and the laboratory results from the group of 20 patients showed that 73% of the cartridge values were within 0.2 of the laboratory values, 83% were within 0.4, and 93% were within 0.6. Of the 110 patients whose charts showed PT/INR cartridge results, 23% received blood products (45 trauma patients and 65 medical patients). Conclusion The PT/INR cartridge withstands the rigors of rotor wing transport and provides accurate, valuable results for making clinical decisions.
Headache outcomes of a sleep behavioral intervention in breast cancer survivors: Secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.

Background Breast cancer survivors often have persisting headache. In a secondary analysis of the Brief Behavioral Therapy for Cancer-Related Insomnia (BBT-CI) clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02165839), the authors examined the effects of BBT-CI on headache outcomes in patients with breast cancer. Methods Patients with breast cancer who were receiving chemotherapy were randomly assigned to receive either the BBT-CI intervention or the Healthy EAting Education Learning for healthy sleep (HEAL) control intervention, and both were delivered over 6 weeks by trained staff. Headache outcomes and heart rate variability (HRV) were measured at baseline, 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months. Mixed-effects models were used to examine longitudinal headache outcomes in the groups according to the intention to treat. Principal component analysis and agglomerative hierarchical clustering were conducted to reduce 16 variables for data-driven phenotyping. Results Patients in the BBT-CI arm (n = 73) exhibited a significant reduction in headache burden over time (P = .02; effect size [Cohen d] = 0.43), whereas the reduction was not significant among those in the HEAL arm (n = 66). The first principal component was positively loaded by headache, sleep, fatigue, and nausea/vomiting and was negatively loaded by cognitive, physical, and emotional functioning. Agglomerative hierarchical clustering revealed 3 natural clusters. Cluster I (n = 58) featured the highest burden of headache, insomnia, and nausea/vomiting; cluster II (n = 50) featured the lowest HRV despite a low burden of headache and insomnia; and cluster III (n = 31) showed an inverse relation between HRV and headache-insomnia, signifying autonomic dysfunction. Conclusions BBT-CI is efficacious in reducing headache burden in breast cancer survivors. Patient phenotyping demonstrates a headache type featuring sleep disturbance, nausea/vomiting, and low physical functioning-revealing similarities to migraine. Lay summary Breast cancer survivors often have persisting headache symptoms. In patients with cancer, treatment of chronic headache disorders using daily medications may be challenging because of drug interactions with chemotherapy and other cancer therapies as well as patients' reluctance to add more drugs to their medicine list. Headache and sleep disorders are closely related to each other. This study demonstrates that a sleep behavioral therapy reduced headache burden in breast cancer survivors. In addition, the majority of headache sufferers had a headache type with similarities to migraine-featuring sleep disturbance, nausea/vomiting, and low physical functioning.
Microbench: Automated metadata management for systems biology benchmarking and reproducibility in Python

MotivationComputational systems biology analyses typically make use of multiple software and their dependencies, which often run across heterogeneous compute environments. This can introduce differences in performance and reproducibility. Capturing metadata (e.g. package versions, GPU model) currently requires repetitious code and is difficult to store centrally for analysis. Even where virtual environments and containers are used, updates over time mean that versioning metadata should still be captured within analysis pipelines to guarantee reproducibility. ResultsMicrobench is a simple and extensible Python package to automate metadata capture to a file or Redis database. Captured metadata can include execution time, software package versions, environment variables, hardware information, Python version, and more, with plugins. We present three case studies demonstrating Microbench usage to benchmark code execution and examine environment metadata for reproducibility purposes. AvailabilityInstall from the Python Package Index using pip install microbench. Source code is available from https://github.com/alubbock/microbench. Contactc.lopez@vanderbilt.edu
ViSAR: A Mobile Platform for Vision-Integrated Millimeter-Wave Synthetic Aperture Radar

The ubiquity of millimeter-wave (mmWave) technology could bring through-obstruction imaging to portable, mobile systems. Existing through-obstruction imaging systems rely on Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) technique, but emulating the SAR principle on handheld devices has been challenging. We propose ViSAR, a portable platform that integrates an optical camera and mmWave radar to emulate the SAR principle and enable through-obstruction 3D imaging. ViSAR synchronizes the devices at the software-level and uses the Time Domain Backprojection algorithm to generate vision-augmented mmWave images. We have experimentally evaluated ViSAR by imaging several indoor objects.
The Effects of Regular Aerobic Exercise on Tension Headache

The Effects of Regular Aerobic Exercise on Tension Headache By Brittany Canady A substantial portion of the population will suffer from headache at some point in their lives. This study examines the effect of a simple behavioral treatment for one of the two most common forms of headache, tension headache. Participants selected for the study were drawn from introductory psychology and exercise courses at Marshall University, reported having at least one tension headache per week, and exercised two or fewer times per week. Participants enrolled in an eight-week physical education aerobic exercise course through the university, and monitored their headache activity both during the class and through an eight-week baseline period. Participants experienced fewer headaches, used fewer analgesic medications, and exhibited less anxiety during the treatment period. Headache and Exercise iii Table of
Barriers to Care and Unmet Needs for HIV-Positive Women Caring for Children

ABSTRACT Grounded theory was used to explore barriers to care and unmet needs for HIV-positive women caring for children under 18 years of age. The main study group consisted of 40 HIV-positive women caring for children. There were 21 Latinas, 11 Euro-Americans, 6 African Americans, and 2 participants from other ethnic groups. In addition, 5 providers of HIV services were interviewed to ensure trustworthiness of the data. The main findings identify and discuss needs for: (1) mental health and addiction services, (2) a better understanding of professional and paraprofessional roles, (3) improved privacy and confidentiality, (4) improved cultural sensitivity, and (5) other support service gaps are outlined and discussed in this study.
Macrolide-Resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae, United States

Macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MRMP) is highly prevalent in Asia and is now being reported from Europe. Few data on MRMP are available in the United States. Using genotypic and phenotypic methods, we detected high-level MRMP in 13.2% of 91 M. pneumoniae­–positive specimens from 6 US locations.