cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Do Ethnic-Specific Long Term Care Facilities Improve Resident Quality of Life? Findings from the Japanese American Community

Abstract Research on resident/family perceptions of quality of life in residential care facilities for the elderly (RCFEs) has been sparse and has ignored ethnic-specific facilities. This qualitative inquiry compared interviews with Japanese American women in Japanese and non-Japanese RCFEs, family members, and administrators, to examine how ethnic features (e.g., Japanese language, food, staff) meet resident needs/preferences and their influence on the residents' quality of life. Residents and families differed in their preferences and perceptions of quality of life. Residents discussed invisible life process domains such as boredom, socialization, privacy, staff attentiveness/personal qualities, and autonomy. Family members emphasized structural aspects of the homes such as location, cleanliness, costs, home-like qualities, food, and Japanese care. While ethnic-specific institutions were unique in meeting certain needs (e.g., Japanese-speaking staff), culturally congruent characteristics alone did not p...
A Capstone Project in Business Ethics: Building an Ethics Training Program

This exercise for teaching business ethics is industry-specific, challenging, and requires direct student participation. Specifically, student groups are asked to develop an ethics training session for a business with an accompanying training manual. The exercise involves a comprehensive description of ethical issues in a particular industry, possible causes of unethical behaviors, sources for information on ethical issues, and linkages to corporate codes of ethics. A discussion of the exercise's potential benefits, challenges, and impact on instructors is provided.
SURGICAL IMPLANTATION AND EVALUATION OF HEART RATE TRANSMITTERS IN CAPTIVE BIGHORN SHEEP

A surgical approach was developed for implantation of transmitters to monitor heart rate of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) with an objective of discrete long-term, long-range data collection. We surgically implanted Telonics model HR400 transmitters on the dorsolateral thorax of 15 captive adult bighorn sheep ewes in April-May and October-November 1995. No complications or marked impairment of function were associated with the surgery; however, a transmitter was passively expelled from one ewe 19.5 mo post-implantation. Twelve of 15 transmitters remained functional ≥1 yr, while three failed 3.5 to 4.5 mo following implantation. Heart rate data collected from the transmitters using a Lotek SRX_400 telemetry receiver/datalogger equipped with W9 EVENT_LOG accurately reflected heart rate as measured with electrocardiogram tracings. Line of sight signal range was at least 800 m in 95% (37/39) of collections made from standing ewes, while data could be collected reliably (74% 29/39) to 600 m from bedded ewes. ...
Computational Estimates of the Gas-Phase Basicity and Proton Affinity of Glutamic Acid

Literature values for the gas-phase basicity (GB) and proton affinity (PA) of glutamic acid range from 216 to 224 kcal/mol (GB) and 218 to 241 kcal/mol (PA). In this paper, a high-level theoretical study aimed at resolving the apparent disagreement among the experimental values is presented. Hartree−Fock, MP2, and DFT calculations with large basis sets were carried out on the neutral and protonated forms of glutamic acid. Nine protonated and 21 neutral conformers were located at the HF/3-21G and B3LYP/6-31+G** levels with full geometry optimization and characterization of stationary points. The energetics were subsequently reevaluated at the MP2(full)/6-311+G(2d,p)//B3LYP/6-31+G** level. Thermodynamic data in the harmonic approximation were obtained at the B3LYP/6-31+G** level. This data was used to estimate the gas-phase distribution of conformers at 298 K. The lowest energy structures of protonated and neutral glutamic acid both exhibit cyclic structures due to the formation of intramolecular hydrogen b...
LENS: A new university-based neutron source for science and education

The low-energy neutron source (LENS) is currently under construction at the Indiana University Cyclotron Facility. LENS is a long-pulse neutron source utilizing low-energy (p,xn) reactions on a beryllium target to produce neutrons. There are several unique features of the LENS facility. The low proton beam energy of 13 MeV results in a low heat load on the moderator system, enabling the operation of the moderator at temperatures lower than 10 K. The low beam energies also result in relatively low activation of the materials surrounding the target and moderator, thus enabling rapid prototyping and turnaround times for a moderator studies program.
When the Euro Falls Apart

This paper recounts some well-known problems confronting European monetary union (EMU), such as withstanding asymmetric shocks and maintaining domestic political support. It then examines how a speculative attack could damage a target country's banking system, and how the basic structure of EMU could facilitate its break-up. On the basis of this analysis, one might reasonably conclude that there is a significant chance – over one in ten – that EMU may break up in whole or in part. The paper then focuses primarily on two significant problems related to a break-up. First, a country seeking to leave EMU, particularly after the transition period, may have difficulty re-establishing its national currency unilaterally, as its economy is likely to have become thoroughly ‘euroized’. Second, any break-up accompanied by re-denomination of existing euro obligations, including government bonds, will create great legal uncertainty and costly litigation. There are no continuity of contract rules for exiting EMU equivalent to those for entering. Both problems require cooperative and deliberative solutions and will be difficult and costly to solve. If such problems are properly taken into account, which has not previously been the case, a euro break-up in the foreseeable future, particularly after transition, is considerably less likely than the above estimate of one in ten.
Performance of 802.11b Communication Systems in the Presence of Bluetooth Devices

The performance of IEEE 802.11b devices is significantly impacted by the interference from Bluetooth devices that operate in close vicinity. The paper studies and evaluates the performance of 802.11b and adaptive frequency hopping enabled Bluetooth in a more realistic channel model. The probability of error at MAC and PHY layers of 802.11b is found. We consider various cases such that when one, two, or three 802.11b channels are occupied. The numerical results indicate that the throughput performance of the 802.11b system degrades as the number of bad channels and Bluetooth piconets increase.
Power measurement using the wavelet transform

This paper provides the theoretical basis for and demonstrates the practical application of power and rms measurements directly from the wavelet transform data associated with each voltage current element pair. The voltage and current wavelet transforms are derived from concurrent measurements using a common orthonormal wavelet basis. The advantage of using the wavelet transform data directly is that it provides the distribution of the power and energy with respect to the individual frequency bands associated with each level of the wavelet analysis. Frequency separation into the various wavelet levels is achieved using IIR filters because their magnitude characteristics are much better than typical FIR filters of equivalent complexity. The IIR polyphase network strategy yields a simpler wavelet filter bank design.
Newborn screening for sickle cell diseases in the United States: A review of data spanning 2 decades

Abstract Sickle cell disease is a group of disorders, the majority of which are detected through state newborn screening programs. There is limited knowledge of disease prevalence in the U.S. population. We report 20 years of case finding and laboratory data for sickle cell disease and trait to assist in: planning for health services delivery; providing data for researchers; aiding in tracking health outcome trends; and assessing sickle gene prevalence in the newborn population. During the 20-year period, there were 39,422 confirmed cases of sickle cell disease among 76,527,627 newborn births screened (1:1941) and 1,107,875 laboratory reports of probable sickle trait among 73,951,175 newborn births screened (1:67). The highest sickle cell disease incidence during the 20 years was in the District of Columbia (1:437) followed by Mississippi (1:683) and South Carolina (1:771). For sickle cell trait, the highest incidences were in the District of Columbia (1:22), Mississippi (1:26), and South Carolina (1:31).
INACTIVATION OF ENDOGENOUS ANDROGENS BY THE LIVER IN RABBITS1

PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS have demonstrated that several of the steroid gonadal hormones are inactivated by the liver. By experiments in vitro Zondek (1934) and Heller(1940) found that estradiol was inactivated on incubation with liver slices or minced liver. Israel, Meranze and Johnston (1937) observed that estrogens were inactivated after passing through a heart-lung-liver perfusion system but not after perfusion through a heart-lung system. Biskind and Mark (1939) and Biskind (1941) reported inactivation of estrone and estradiol and its bensoate ester after implantation of pellets of these materials into the normally situated spleen. Endogenous estrogens were shown by Golden and Severinghaus (1938) to be inactivated when ovaries were transplanted intramesenterically. Similarly, some of the androgens have been found to be inactivated by the liver as demonstrated by the investigations of Biskind and Mark (1939) who reported that testosterone propionate pellets implanted into the normal spleen were ineffect...
The Efficacy of an Educational Intervention on Documentation of Pain Management for the Elderly Patient With a Hip Fracture in the Emergency Department

Introduction Pain is one of the foremost reasons that patients appear in the emergency department. Documentation of pain levels may be difficult to determine because the elderly patient with a hip fracture may have an alteration in the clinical presentation because of hearing deficits, impaired cognitive functioning, or chronic disease processes. The intent of this research project was to explore the results of a staff educational intervention with evaluation of medical record documentation before and after implementation. Methods An educational intervention for staff included a review of hospital pain policies/protocols, documentation required, and elderly physiologic and psychological systems relating to the treatment of acute pain. Documentation was audited before and after educational intervention. Results A χ 2 test showed that there was no significant difference [χ 2 (1, N=110), 1.48; P = .223] for the documentation for time to treatment ( 2 analysis [χ 2 (1, N=149), 8.315, P = .004] showed that there was a statistically significant difference as a result of the educational intervention for the documentation of pain levels in a timely manner after analgesic treatment. Discussion Educational interventions may be used to facilitate documentation of patient's pain. Barriers to medical recording need to be addressed to improve the proficiency of the registered nurse in the emergency department. Performance measures are entwined with competency levels for health care workers and standards of care delivery. A continuous and ongoing effort to facilitate the best practice for patients is a major initiative without an endpoint.
Trust negotiations for collaborative environments: Principles, concepts and systems

This tutorial will present an overview of the trust negotiation paradigm, an innovative authorization approach that has been widely investigated in the recent years. We will present the basic concepts related to trust negotiation, and provide an overview of the different approaches proposed to conduct negotiations. We will focus on trust negotiation research advances, that is, how the trust negotiation paradigm has changed and improved since it was first proposed and how it has been integrated with other research areas. In particular, we will present trust negotiations recent improvements with respect to privacy preserving technologies and cryptographic techniques. Both theoretical aspects and architectural aspects of trust negotiations will be discussed. We will analyze and thoroughly compare existing work and study the various advantages/disadvantages of each proposal. Examples of trust negotiations projects that will be discussed include PeerTrust, Trust-X, Unipro, RT, Traust and others. As a representative example, we will illustrate the research project conducted at Purdue University and University of Milan, referred to as Trust-X. We will discuss the unique features of Trust-X and show the approaches supported by Trust-X to carry on trust negotiations. We will also present the recently added features to guarantee anonymous Trust Negotiations. Interesting architectural aspects of Trust-X will also be discussed along with the key implementation features. Performance and evaluations will be conducted. We will briefly discuss also on-going project, such as the migration of Trust-X in peer-to-peer platform and the required extensions to achieve advanced trust negotiations in peer-to-peer systems. To help the attendees' understanding and intuition, we will use several examples and discuss potential application domains. To this extent, we will show demos of Trust-X functioning and of other existing trust negotiation systems.
The risks and benefits of infant feeding practices for women and their children

Infant feeding decisions affect maternal and child health outcomes, worldwide. Even in settings with clean water and good sanitation, infants who are not breast-fed face an increased risk of infectious, as well as non-infectious morbidity and mortality. The decision not to breast-feed can also adversely affect mothers' health by increasing the risk of pre-menopausal breast cancer, ovarian cancer, type II diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular disease. Clinicians who counsel mothers about the health impact of infant feeding and provide evidence-based care to maximize successful breast-feeding, can improve the short and long-term health of both mothers and infants.
A full-digital dimming ballast with a digital power controller (DPC) for a fluorescent lamp

This paper presents a full digital ballast using a dedicated digital power controller (DPC) with a full digital control method. The proposed DPC is designed to have a variable frequency output pulse such as pulse frequency modulation (PFM) of 8 or 12-bits resolution, as well as a typical microcontroller feature including a sampled 8-bit A/D converter with an internal programmable memory. The variable frequency is used for driving the series-resonant network with a fluorescent lamp. By changing the driving frequency, the pre-heating feature is obtained. For protection purposes, the lamp current is monitored and can be used in a closed current loop. The DPC can also identify any fault conditions such as over-voltage, over-current, over-heat, strike fail, or a broken filament. Based on the programmable microcontroller feature, a highly intelligent ballast can be implemented. Experimental results for the 40 W, 48-inch lamp show that the proposed digital controller has a good dimming feature and it is possible to turn power devices on or off while the DC link power is live. It shows that power devices are well switched on with the zero voltage switching (ZVS) condition.
A refined approach to glass strength forecasting

As aerospace instruments become increasingly more precise and elaborate, the mechanical limits of glass components can become key design constraints. The probabilistic fracture behavior of glass is complex, and dependent on many variables. Typically, to avoid such complexity, overly simplistic strength estimates are employed that fail to take advantage of well understood glass properties. Such a simple approach requires the use of conservative strength values that encompass the weakest possible cases. This results in optic designs that, while robust, are unnecessarily massive and display excess wavefront error and instability, threatening mission viability.
Random telegraph noise in highly scaled nMOSFETs

Recently, 1/f and random telegraph noise (RTN) studies have been used to infer information about bulk dielectric defects' spatial and energetic distributions. These analyses rely on a noise framework which involves charge exchange between the inversion layer and the bulk dielectric defects via elastic tunneling. In this study, we extracted the characteristic capture and emission time constants from RTN in highly scaled nMOSFETs and showed that they are inconsistent with the elastic tunneling picture dictated by the physical thickness of the gate dielectric (1.4 nm). Consequently, our results suggest that an alternative model is required and that a large body of the recent RTN and 1/ƒ noise defect profiling literature very likely needs to be re-interpreted.
Reflections on Communication and Sport On Reading Sport and Narrative Ethics

In this essay, Lawrence Wenner reflects on the social and cultural importance of communication about sport. He considers the major influences on his research agenda and how the evolution of his research program came to change over time from one centered on empirical audience study to one anchored in critical and cultural studies. In a focus section on reading sport and narrative ethics, the constituent parts of a “dirt theory of narrative ethics” are framed and contextualized as a response to the increasing presses of commodification on sport-referential narratives. The essay closes with a look ahead for communication and sport research that encourages researchers to turn increasing attention to both institutional/organizational studies and audience studies in order to supplement our critical understandings of sport media texts and narratives.
Generation of clinical grade human bone marrow stromal cells for use in bone regeneration

In current orthopaedic practice, there is a need to increase the ability to reconstruct large segments of bone lost due to trauma, resection of tumors and skeletal deformities, or when normal regenerative processes have failed such as in non-unions and avascular necrosis. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs, also known as bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells), when used in conjunction with appropriate carriers, represent a means by which to achieve bone regeneration in such cases. While much has been done at the bench and in pre-clinical studies, moving towards clinical application requires the generation of clinical grade cells. What is described herein is an FDA-approved cell manufacturing procedure for the ex vivo expansion of high quality, biologically active human BMSCs. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Stem Cells and Bone.
Postthoracotomy Paravertebral Analgesia: Will It Replace Epidural Analgesia?

Thoracotomy is associated with significant acute postoperative pain and a high incidence of development of chronic pain. Thoracic epidural analgesia has long been standard treatment for postthoracotomy pain, but recently there has been increased interest in alternative regional techniques, particularly paravertebral analgesia. This article compares the analgesic efficacy, side effects, complications of, and contraindications for thoracic epidural and paravertebral analgesia techniques and discusses their effects on the development of chronic postthoracotomy pain. This information will allow a more considered choice of analgesic technique after thoracotomy.
Simulating artificial neural networks on parallel architectures

Parallelization is necessary to cope with the high computational and communication demands of neuroapplications, but general purpose parallel machines soon reach performance limitations. The article explores two approaches: parallel simulation on general purpose computers, and simulation/emulation on neurohardware. Different parallelization methods are discussed, and the most popular techniques are explained. While the software approach looks for an optimal programming model for neural processing, the hardware approach tries to imitate the neuroparadigm using the best of silicon technology.
In vitro activities of four xyloglucan endotransglycosylases from Arabidopsis

Xyloglucan endotransglycosylases (XETs) are encoded by a gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana. These enzymes modify a major structural component of the plant cell wall, xyloglucan, and therefore may influence plant growth and development. We have produced four Arabidopsis XETs (TCH4, Meri-5, EXGT and XTR9) using the baculovirus/insect cell system and compared their biochemical activities. TCH4, as previously demonstrated, and the other three proteins are capable of carrying out transglycosylation of xyloglucans. The K(m) for XLLGol acceptor oligosaccharide is in the range of 20-40 microM for all the XETs except XTR9, which has a Km of 5 microM and is significantly inhibited by high levels of XLLGol. All four enzymes are most active between pH 6.0 and 6.5. TCH4 and XTR9 have temperature optima of 18 degrees C, whereas Meri-5 and EXGT are most active at 28 and 37 degrees C, respectively. Although the activity levels of three of the XETs are not influenced by the presence of fucose on the xyloglucan polymer, XTR9 has a clear preference for non-fucosylated xyloglucan polymer. The four XETs show a marked preference for XLLGol over either XXFGol or XXXGol as acceptor oligosaccharide. All four XETs are glycosylated; however, only the activities of TCH4 and Meri-5 are affected by the removal of the N-glycan with PNGase F. These four enzymes most likely function solely as transglycosylases because xyloglucan endoglucanase activity was not apparent. Subtle differences in biochemical activities may influence the physiological functions of the distinct XETs in vivo.
An overview of CMOS VLSI failure analysis and the importance of test and diagnostics

This paper reviews the logic failure analysis process and the critical need for design-for-diagnostics. The use of flip-chip packaging will render hardware-based diagnostic techniques from the front side of the die obsolete, e.g., liquid crystal, electron beam testing, and photon emission microscopy. Two primary solutions are discussed: software-based diagnostic methods, e.g., scan, and the adaptation of hardware techniques to the backside of the die.
On Approximation Algorithms for Interference-Aware Broadcast Scheduling in 2D and 3D Wireless Sensor Networks

Broadcast scheduling is a mechanism for performing interference-aware broadcasting in multi-hop wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Existing studies assume all the WSN nodes lie on a 2D plane. This assumption is not always appropriate, as in practice the sensor nodes may acquire positions in the 3D space. In this paper, we study the broadcast scheduling problem in which we consider two different models of the transmission graph: Disk Graph (DG) in 2D and Ball Graph (BG) in 3D. We consider each node may have different transmission ranges and the interference range is *** time of the transmission range (where *** > 1). We devise efficient coloring methods for coloring a hexagonal tiling in 2D and truncated octahedragonal tiling in 3D, which leads to O (1)-approximation ratio for broadcast scheduling problem in 2D and 3D, respectively.
Research and the Professional Society

Basic and applied research in science and engineering of greater scope and with increased expenditures of public and private funds are today accepted as national obligations. The special challenge ...
Recreation in Rural Areas

(1938). Recreation in Rural Areas. The Journal of Health and Physical Education: Vol. 9, No. 9, pp. 544-591.
Mobile supercomputers

We need mobile supercomputers that provide massive computational performance from the power in a battery. These supercomputers will make our personal devices much easier to use. They will perform real-time speech recognition, video transmission and analysis, and high bandwidth communication. And they will do so without us having to worry about where the next electrical outlet will be. But to achieve this functionality, we must rethink the way we design computers. Rather than worrying solely about performance, with the occasional nod to power consumption and cost, we need to judge computers by their performance-power-cost product. This new way of looking at processors will lead us to new computer architectures and new ways of thinking about computer system design.
Life cycle utility-informed maintenance planning based on lifetime functions: optimum balancing of cost, failure consequences and performance benefit

Decision-making regarding the optimum maintenance of civil infrastructure systems under uncertainty is a topic of paramount importance. This topic is experiencing growing interest within the field of life cycle structural engineering. Embedded within the decision-making process and optimum management of engineering systems is the structural performance evaluation, which is facilitated through a comprehensive life cycle risk assessment. Lifetime functions including survivor, availability, and hazard at component and system levels are utilised herein to model, using closed-form analytical expressions, the time-variant effect of intervention actions on the performance of civil infrastructure systems. The presented decision support framework based on lifetime functions has the ability to quantify maintenance cost, failure consequences and performance benefit in terms of utility by considering correlation effects. This framework effectively employs tri-objective optimisation procedures in order to determine op...
Geographic position and landscape composition explain regional patterns of migrating landbird distributions during spring stopover along the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico

Annual migration of landbirds across the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) presents a unique opportunity to examine extrinsic processes operating at various spatial scales in determining animal distributions. Our objectives were to comprehensively quantify bird stopover densities across the northern GOM coast and model broad-scale factors explaining distributional patterns. We used weather surveillance radars to measure reflectivity of birds aloft at onset of nocturnal migratory flights and estimate bird stopover densities during four springs (2009–2012) for 6.7 million ha along the GOM. We aggregated bird densities to one longitudinal degree and 3 km of proximity to coast. Boosted Regression Tree models revealed that stopover density was related to year, longitude, proximity to coast, and amount of hardwood forest cover in the landscape. Average longitudinal patterns supported previous studies of broad-scale trans-Gulf migrant arrivals with highest density in Louisiana (92–93°W) and lowest in Alabama (88–89°W). Florida (83–84°W) supported a second peak in migrant density, suggesting an eastern trans-Gulf route or contribution from trans-Caribbean migrants. Longitudinal patterns in migrant distributions varied strongly between years and appear generally related to variability in GOM wind patterns. Densities increased with proximity to coast, highlighting constraints on migrants to travel inland, especially in Florida’s panhandle. Despite this, density was positively related to amount of forest cover more steeply along the immediate coast. Broad-scale stopover distributions of migrating landbirds along the GOM coast are heavily influenced by geographic constraints in the context of the GOM acting as a barrier to landbird migration.
Dynamic Distortion in a Short S-Shaped Subsonic Diffuser with Flow Separation

An experimental investigation of the time varying distortion at the diffuser exit of a subscale HiMAT forebody and inlet was conducted at Mach 0.9 in the Lewis 8 by 6 foot Supersonic Wind Tunnel. A transitory separation was detected within the subsonic diffuser. Vortex generators were installed to eliminate the flow separation. Results from a study of the instantaneous pressure variations at the diffuser exit are presented. The time unsteady total pressures at the diffuser exit are computer interpolated and presented in the form of a movie showing the transitory separation. Limited data showing the instantaneous distortion levels is also presented.
Sex Pheromones of Noctuid Moths. XI. The Ultrastructure of the Apical Region of Cells of the Female Sex Pheromone Gland of Trichoplusia ni

Histological studies of the pheromone gland of Trichoplusia ni (Hubner) by Jefferson et al. (1966) revealed a vacuole-laden cytoplasm characteristic of secretory cells. The apical region of the cell consisted of vertical striations, the detail of which could not be determined with the light microscope. However, the structures were considered either fibers or folds of the cell membrane as found by Steinbrecht and Schneider (1964) in the pheromone gland of Bombyx mori L.
New options for diagnosing and treating acromegaly

Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is the final pathway of the growth hormone cascade, and is a better clinical measure of acromegaly than growth hormone itself. In patients with acromegaly, medical treatment with a somatostatin analog normalizes growth hormone and IGF-1 levels and produces clinical improvement quickly.
Genesis 3 revisited

A curious feature hitherto unrecognised in Gen 3:16 offers a solution to a long recognised but never fully resolved question about Gen 4:7.
Superconvergence relations for inelastic meson-meson scattering

Saturating superconvergence relations for πρ→πf, πf→πf, ππ→πA2 and πω→πA2 with\(q\bar q\)s- andp-wave bound states, the ratio ofs-wave tod-wave coupling for the A1→ρπ and B→ωπ decays, the partial widths Γ(A1→ρπ), Γ(f→A1π) and the mass formula\(m_{A_2 } = m_\rho \sqrt 3 \) are obtained.
"Sustainable Conservation House" -- An Innovative Approach to Education in Green Energy and Conservation

The demand for trained professionals in energy auditing has grown with the increasing use of green building technologies. The energy auditors are expected to evaluate energy efficiency of a building and identify areas of energy saving from empirical data collected during audits. The traditional approach to train energy auditors is based on classroom lectures and field trips with the support of local utility companies. The effectiveness of training, through efficient utilization of available training time, can be increased by having a dedicated building that can be used as a classroom and a living-space laboratory. University of Arkansas Fort Smith (UAFS) through its Introductory and Advanced Green Technology Program (IAGTP) has partnered with local, regional and national public and private organizations to design and develop a multiuse, multidiscipline learning facility that is a combination classroom and a living laboratory house for not only curriculum based but also non-traditional trade based students. This facility, the "Sustainable Conservation House," is located adjacent to the UAFS campus. This paper examines details of green construction of the Sustainable Conservation House as a special laboratory facility, the teaching methodology and its impact on training of future energy auditors.
What is the best way to treat trichomoniasis in women

Nitroimidazoles (such as metronidazole [Flagyl]) are the most effective treatment for parasitological cure of trichomoniasis. Single-dose treatment is as effective as longer term treatment but increases side effects.
Equivalent Air Altitude and the Alveolar Gas Equation.

INTRODUCTION It is expedient to use normobaric hypoxia (NH) as a surrogate for hypobaric hypoxia (HH) for training and research. The approach matches inspired oxygen partial pressure (P(I)o₂) at the desired altitude to that at site pressure (PB) by reducing the inspired fraction of oxygen (FIo₂) to <0.21 using the equation: PIo₂= (PB - 47) × FIo₂, where 47 mmHg is the vapor pressure of water at 37°C. The investigator then has at site pressure the equivalent PIo2 as at altitude, i.e., the NH exposure is at an "equivalent air altitude." Some accepted as fact identical signs and symptoms of hypoxia for both conditions. However, those that derived the alveolar air equation showed that the coupled alveolar oxygen (PAo₂) and carbon dioxide partial pressures (PAco₂) for NH and HH are not identical when PIo₂is equivalent. They attribute the difference in alveolar gas composition under equivalent PIo₂to a nitrogen dilution effect or, more generally, to the respiratory exchange effect. Those that use NH as a convenient surrogate for HH must concede that physiological responses to NH cannot be identical to the responses to HH given only equivalent hypoxic PIo₂.
Erythropoietin Slows Photoreceptor Cell Death in a Mouse Model of Autosomal Dominant Retinitis Pigmentosa

Purpose To test the efficacy of systemic gene delivery of a mutant form of erythropoietin (EPO-R76E) that has attenuated erythropoietic activity, in a mouse model of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa. Methods Ten-day old mice carrying one copy of human rhodopsin with the P23H mutation and both copies of wild-type mouse rhodopsin (hP23H RHO+/-,mRHO+/+) were injected into the quadriceps with recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) carrying either enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) or EpoR76E. Visual function (electroretinogram) and retina structure (optical coherence tomography, histology, and immunohistochemistry) were assessed at 7 and 12 months of age. Results The outer nuclear layer thickness decreased over time at a slower rate in rAAV.EpoR76E treated as compared to the rAAV.eGFP injected mice. There was a statistically significant preservation of the electroretinogram at 7, but not 12 months of age. Conclusions Systemic EPO-R76E slows death of the photoreceptors and vision loss in hP23H RHO+/-,mRHO+/+ mice. Treatment with EPO-R76E may widen the therapeutic window for retinal degeneration patients by increasing the number of viable cells. Future studies might investigate if co-treatment with EPO-R76E and gene replacement therapy is more effective than gene replacement therapy alone.
SU-F-P-04: Implementation of Dose Monitoring Software: Successes and Pitfalls

Purpose: to successfully install a dose monitoring software (DMS) application to assist in CT protocol and dose management. Methods: Upon selecting the DMS, we began our implementation of the application. A working group composed of Medical Physics, Radiology Administration, Information Technology, and CT technologists was formed. On-site training in the application was supplied by the vendor. The decision was made to apply the process for all the CT protocols on all platforms at all facilities. Protocols were painstakingly mapped to the correct masters, and the system went ‘live’. Results: We are routinely using DMS as a tool in our Clinical Performance CT QA program. It is useful in determining the effectiveness of revisions to existing protocols, and establishing performance baselines for new units. However, the implementation was not without difficulty. We identified several pitfalls and obstacles which frustrated progress. Including: Training deficiencies, Nomenclature problems, Communication, DICOM variability. Conclusion: Dose monitoring software can be a potent tool for QA. However, implementation of the program can be problematic and requires planning, organization and commitment.
Experimental Evolution as an Underutilized Tool for Studying Beneficial Animal-Microbe Interactions

Microorganisms play a significant role in the evolution and functioning of the eukaryotes with which they interact. Much of our understanding of beneficial host-microbe interactions stems from studying already established associations; we often infer the genotypic and environmental conditions that led to the existing host-microbe relationships. However, several outstanding questions remain, including understanding how host and microbial (internal) traits, and ecological and evolutionary (external) processes, influence the origin of beneficial host-microbe associations. Experimental evolution has helped address a range of evolutionary and ecological questions across different model systems; however, it has been greatly underutilized as a tool to study beneficial host-microbe associations. In this review, we suggest ways in which experimental evolution can further our understanding of the proximate and ultimate mechanisms shaping mutualistic interactions between eukaryotic hosts and microbes. By tracking beneficial interactions under defined conditions or evolving novel associations among hosts and microbes with little prior evolutionary interaction, we can link specific genotypes to phenotypes that can be directly measured. Moreover, this approach will help address existing puzzles in beneficial symbiosis research: how symbioses evolve, how symbioses are maintained, and how both host and microbe influence their partner’s evolutionary trajectories. By bridging theoretical predictions and empirical tests, experimental evolution provides us with another approach to test hypotheses regarding the evolution of beneficial host-microbe associations.
Experience with compound words influences their processing: An eye movement investigation with English compound words:

ABSTRACTRecording eye movements provides information on the time-course of word recognition during reading. Juhasz and Rayner [Juhasz, B. J., & Rayner, K. (2003). Investigating the effects of a set of intercorrelated variables on eye fixation durations in reading. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 29, 1312–1318] examined the impact of five word recognition variables, including familiarity and age-of-acquisition (AoA), on fixation durations. All variables impacted fixation durations, but the time-course differed. However, the study focused on relatively short, morphologically simple words. Eye movements are also informative for examining the processing of morphologically complex words such as compound words. The present study further examined the time-course of lexical and semantic variables during morphological processing. A total of 120 English compound words that varied in familiarity, AoA, semantic transparency, lexeme meaning dominance, sensory experience rating (SER)...
Resistive memory device requirements for a neural algorithm accelerator

Resistive memories enable dramatic energy reductions for neural algorithms. We propose a general purpose neural architecture that can accelerate many different algorithms and determine the device properties that will be needed to run backpropagation on the neural architecture. To maintain high accuracy, the read noise standard deviation should be less than 5% of the weight range. The write noise standard deviation should be less than 0.4% of the weight range and up to 300% of a characteristic update (for the datasets tested). Asymmetric nonlinearities in the change in conductance vs pulse cause weight decay and significantly reduce the accuracy, while moderate symmetric nonlinearities do not have an effect. In order to allow for parallel reads and writes the write current should be less than 100 nA as well.
NADH Auto Fluorescence Reveals New Metabolic Signatures in Yeast and Mammalian Cells

Yeast cells and their extracts were reported to show glycolytic fluctuations with a frequency of several minutes with addition of supplements. There is a distinct phase relation of NADH and other oscillating metabolites and intermediates which can be studied observing the auto fluorescence. New fast and efficient fluorescence lifetime techniques emerged in last two decades accelerated the progress of revealing the true nature of these fluctuations. We address these dynamic changes happening in live yeast systems by imaging them in-vivo time lapse lifetime imaging and correlate it with carbon metabolism reported in mammalian and cancer cells. The similarity between cancer cell metabolic flux and rapidly proliferating yeast cells have recently been of scientific interest to elucidate cancer cell pathways. Our findings shed new light into these metabolic responses with help of auto fluorescence lifetime measurements and live flux measurements. In addition, we aid these observations with the rigorous validation of auto fluorescence lifetime based metabolic studies.
Neurostimulation for abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorders in adolescents: a randomised, double-blind, sham-controlled trial

Summary Background Development of safe and effective therapies for paediatric abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorders is needed. A non-invasive, US Food and Drug Administration-cleared device (Neuro-Stim, Innovative Health Solutions, IN, USA) delivers percutaneous electrical nerve field stimulation (PENFS) in the external ear to modulate central pain pathways. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of PENFS in adolescents with abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorders. Methods In this randomised, sham-controlled trial, we enrolled adolescents (aged 11–18 years) who met Rome III criteria for abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorders from a single US outpatient gastroenterology clinic. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) with a computer-generated randomisation scheme to active treatment or sham (no electrical charge) for 4 weeks. Patients were stratified by sex and presence or absence of nausea. Allocation was concealed from participants, caregivers, and the research team. The primary efficacy endpoint was change in abdominal pain scores. We measured improvement in worst abdominal pain and composite pain score using the Pain Frequency-Severity-Duration (PFSD) scale. Participants with less than 1 week of data and those with organic disease identified after enrolment were excluded from the modified intention-to-treat population. This trial has been completed and is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02367729. Findings Between June 18, 2015, and Nov 17, 2016, 115 children with abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorders were enrolled and assigned to either PENFS (n=60) with an active device or sham (n=55). After exclusion of patients who discontinued treatment (n=1 in the PENFS group; n=7 in the sham group) and those who were excluded after randomisation because they had organic disease (n=2 in the PENFS group; n=1 in the sham group), 57 patients in the PENFS group and 47 patients in the sham group were included in the primary analysis. Patients in the PENFS group had greater reduction in worst pain compared with sham after 3 weeks of treatment (PENFS: median score 5·0 [IQR 4·0–7·0]; sham: 7·0 [5·0–9·0]; least square means estimate of change in worse pain 2·15 [95% CI 1·37–2·93], p Interpretation Our results show that PENFS with Neuro-Stim has sustained efficacy for abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorders in adolescents. This safe and effective approach expands treatment options and should be considered as a non-pharmacological alternative for these disorders. Funding American Neurogastroenterology and Motility Society.
LEDGF/p75 Deficiency Increases Deletions at the HIV-1 cDNA Ends

Processing of unintegrated linear HIV-1 cDNA by the host DNA repair system results in its degradation and/or circularization. As a consequence, deficient viral cDNA integration generally leads to an increase in the levels of HIV-1 cDNA circles containing one or two long terminal repeats (LTRs). Intriguingly, impaired HIV-1 integration in LEDGF/p75-deficient cells does not result in a correspondent increase in viral cDNA circles. We postulate that increased degradation of unintegrated linear viral cDNA in cells lacking the lens epithelium-derived growth factor (LEDGF/p75) account for this inconsistency. To evaluate this hypothesis, we characterized the nucleotide sequence spanning 2-LTR junctions isolated from LEDGF/p75-deficient and control cells. LEDGF/p75 deficiency resulted in a significant increase in the frequency of 2-LTRs harboring large deletions. Of note, these deletions were dependent on the 3′ processing activity of integrase and were not originated by aberrant reverse transcription. Our findings suggest a novel role of LEDGF/p75 in protecting the unintegrated 3′ processed linear HIV-1 cDNA from exonucleolytic degradation.
CRT-700.05 Impact of Spironolactone on Heart Failure Readmission after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

Thirty-day readmission rates are a performance benchmark in contemporary evaluation of cardiovascular procedures. Trans-catheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has been widely adopted since initial Food and Drug Administration approval in 2011; however, re-admission rate following TAVR remains high
Is Research Based on Causal Scientific Principles Possible in the Social Sciences

The use of mathematical and statistical techniques is becoming more and more widespread in the social sciences. It is becoming all the more important, therefore, to demonstrate by a detailed description of these techniques that there are reasons to doubt their applicability in the field of the social sciences.
The Genetic Risk Factors for Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors

Recent advances in the fields of molecular biology and cytogenetic technology have made possible a greater understanding of the genetic factors for bone and soft tissue tumors. The cellular aspects of the transformation of connective cells can now be demonstrated at both the molecular and chromosomal levels. This article summarizes the current information in these fields.
Nativism and Economic Integration across the Developing World: Collision and Accommodation

Migration and nativism are explosive issues in Europe and North America. Less well-known is the tumult that soaring migration is creating in the politics of developing countries. The key difference between anti-migrant politics in developed and developing countries is that domestic migration - not international migration - is the likely focus of nativist politics in poorer countries. Nativists take up the cause of sub-national groups, vilifying other regions and groups within the country as sources of migration. Since the 1970s, the majority of less-developed countries have adopted policies that aim to limit internal migration. This Element marshals evidence from around the world to explore the colliding trends of internal migration and nativism. Subnational migration is associated with a boom in nativist politics. Pro-native public policy and anti-migrant riots are both more likely when internal migration surges. Political decentralization strengthens subnational politicians' incentives and ability to define and cater to nativists.
Status and prospects for the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

Abstract The IceCube Neutrino Observatory is located at the geographic South Pole and consists of over 5000 optical sensors embedded in the Antarctic ice along with 81 cosmic ray detector stations on the surface. IceCube was designed to detect high energy neutrinos from extreme astrophysical environments which are potential cosmic ray acceleration sites, such as active galactic nuclei , gamma ray bursts and supernova remnants . The discovery of astrophysical neutrinos by IceCube in 2013 heralded the beginning of neutrino astronomy , and we continue to collect data and explore the properties and potential sources of these neutrinos. An expanded successor called IceCube-Gen2 is in development, with updated optical sensors and calibration devices, and an expanded surface veto. The IceCube-Gen2 detector will search for the sources of cosmic neutrinos and will also include an infill component which will investigate fundamental neutrino physics using atmospheric neutrinos. I will discuss the latest results from IceCube, and the status of IceCube-Gen2.
Who are we working for? Recentering black feminism

Lisa Flores’s article inspired us to engage with black feminist theories of radical love. Black feminist theory is one of the diverse, deep bodies of “work flourish[ing] in the spaces between, outs...