cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Classical biological control of the cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melanopus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), in Washington State and rôle of field insectaries, a review

ABSTRACTThe cereal leaf beetle (CLB) Oulema melanopus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), was considered a high risk to Washington State’s cereal grain production when the pest was found there in 1999. Biological control agents, which had proven successful in the Midwest, were introduced beginning in 2000. The parasitoids were released into field insectaries that were modified for the region and set up at CLB hotspots across the state. The egg parasitoid, Anaphes flavipes (Forster) (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), failed to establish. The larval parasitoid, Tetrastichus julis (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), established successfully at all insectaries. Assays of commercial grain fields showed the parasitoid dispersing widely beyond the insectaries. A proactive Extension programme enabled farmers to benefit from the biocontrol without applying insecticides to manage the CLB. A modified insectary, consisting of oat strips seeded between commercial fields of winter and spring wheat, demonstrated potential as a way for ...
Control of Silicon Nanocrystallite Luminescence Behavior Through Surface Treatments

The visible photoluminescence from thin films of silicon nanocrystallites produced by a pulsed laser ablation supersonic expansion source has been studied to determine the role of particle surface and size in the emission behavior. Variation of nanocrystallite size and surface through a variety of chemical treatments and processing steps has shown that the visible emission can be explained using only a simple quantum confinement model. Particle size has been reduced through a series of acid etch and reoxidation cycles and compared to sample emission wavelength. The role of surface species in determining emission behavior has been studied by chemically altering the surfaces and comparing their surface properties as determined by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to their photoluminescence behavior. Nanocrystallite size controls the emission energy, while surface passivation only determines emission intensity, through control of excited carrier recombination pathways.
T-cell receptor V-region usage and antigen specificity. The cytochrome c model system.

Abstract Investigations of the I-Ek-restricted, cytochrome c-specific T-cell response in mice show that both T-cell receptor V alpha and V beta CDR3 residues and the use of particular V alpha s and V beta s are necessary for recognition. Data strongly suggest that specific CDR3 residues are important in contacting the peptide. Other experiments indicate that the requirement for V alpha:V beta conservation is not the result of strong TCR-->MHC interactions, as no correlation was found between V beta usage and changes in the alpha-helixes of the I-Ek molecule. It is also apparent that changes in V alpha or V beta usage could be elicited by changes in the side chain size of single amino acids of the antigenic peptides, suggesting that V alpha or V beta conservation is important for peptide recognition, either directly or indirectly. We also show that we can follow the cytochrome c response in vivo even in nontransgenic mice, solely by staining with anti-V region antibodies as well as mAbs directed at the activation markers CD44 and L-selectin.
The Incidence of Peripheral Nerve Injury After Multimodal Perineural Anesthesia/Analgesia Does Not Appear to Differ from That Following Single-Drug Nerve Blocks (2011–2014)

Recently, we reported on the in vitro [1] and in vivo [2] animal safety (rat) of four-drug nerve block (multimodal perineural anesthesia-analgesia, or MMPNA) combinations involving bupivacaine (BPV [2]), ropivacaine (RPV [1]), or midazolam (MDZ [1,2]) with the following three preservative-free injectable drugs: clonidine, buprenorphine, and dexamethasone [1,2] (hereafter abbreviated as CBD). In addition, we provided clinical benchmark data for patients having received nerve blocks with combined BPV-CBD [3] and MDZ-CBD [4]). The chronological time frame for these previous clinical benchmark reports [3,4] was July 2011 through March 2014. The current report covers intermediate and long-term peripheral nerve injury (PNI) outcomes for n = 1830 patient-block encounters dating from July 2011 through December 2014. We define a “patient-block encounter” as a uniquely identified patient encounter receiving one or more nerve blocks on a specific day for pre- and intra-operative anesthesia/analgesia, immediate postoperative analgesia, or rescue postoperative analgesia on a day after surgery, typically during the same hospital stay. The blocks used for these 1830 patient-block encounters were composed primarily of BPV-CBD (n = 1726; 94.3%), or MDZ-CBD (n = 104; 5.7%). Patients who were having surgery related to a current or previous surgical site infection typically did not have blocks that included perineural dexamethasone (n = 109/1830, or 6%). The objective of this report is to present complication-related quality improvement (QI) data from our institution in the epidemiologic context of such data published elsewhere regarding the risk of PNI complications related to surgery itself (without specific nerve block considerations) or specifically related to nerve blocks typically using local anesthetics only (in the absence of multiple or any perineural adjuvants). In our institution (Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, VAPHS), the lead author was charged with …
Heterosexual Women’s Causal Attributions Regarding Impairment in Sexual Function: Factor Structure and Associations with Well-Being

Theory and interventions for female sexual dysfunction typically emphasize the role of cognitions, including the perceived causes of impaired sexual function (causal attributions). Although causal attributions have been extensively studied in the context of mood disorders and relational distress, research in the area of sexual dysfunction has been limited. The current study explored the factor structure of women’s causal attributions regarding their impaired sexual function and the association between these attributions and multiple indicators of subjective well-being. Women in heterosexual relationships reporting current impairments in sexual function (N = 147) completed self-report scales assessing 13 distinct causal attributions, sexual function, and subjective well-being. Results suggested moderately reliable patterns of attributions regarding responsibility (e.g., self vs. partner), specificity to sexual activity, and the degree to which women could effectively address the causes of their difficulties. Beliefs that impaired sexual function was the fault of one’s self or one’s partner, caused by wider issues in the relationship, and difficult to effectively address were generally associated with lower well-being over and above severity of functional impairment. These findings support multiple theories of sexual dysfunction, and highlight the potential importance of cognitive factors in understanding and treating female sexual dysfunction.
Temperature Effects on Electrical Tree Aging Characteristics of Silicone Rubber

The operating temperature of power cable system has an important influence on the electrical performance of high temperature vulcanized(HTV) silicon rubber in the new types of extra high voltage(EHV) prefabricated cable accessories.In this paper,tests were conducted to reveal the relationship between the temperature and the electrical tree aging characteristics.The results show that,at the temperature of test range,the increasing temperature results in a slight decrease in the breakdown field strength,as well as an obvious reduction in the electrical tree initiation voltage.It is also found that the electrical tree patterns in HTV silicone rubber are closely related to the temperature.At room temperature,the electrical trees are mainly composed of branch-like trees and a few pine-like trees,while only bush-like trees are observed at high temperatures.Based on the above analysis and discussion,it is believed that the significant reduction in electrical tree initiation voltage caused by the rise of temperature is an important reason that leads to frequent insulation failures in new type EHV prefabricated cable accessories.It is suggested that,the temperature influence on the variations of material electrical performance parameters should be given sufficient attention in insulation designing.
Representation, Competing Principals, and Waffling on Bills in US Legislatures

Legislators are often placed in the position of representing the interests of their constituents against the preferences of their own party leaders. We develop a theoretical framework indicating that these cross-pressured legislators are more likely to initially support legislation and subsequently change their minds than are legislators whose constituents and leaders share similar preferences. Moreover, we expect this pattern to be most pronounced among members of majority parties than minority-party members. We test our expectations using data on bill cosponsorship and final passage votes from 46 lower state legislative chambers and the US House, finding considerable support for our theory.
The Additive Sinusoidal Plus Residual Model: A Statistical Analysis

Many musical instruments’ sounds can be represented by harmonic and additive noise signals. We are interested in separating these two elements of the sound. We fit a local harmonic model that tracks changes in pitch and of the amplitude of the harmonics. Deterministic changes in the signal suggest that different window sizes should be considered. Various ways to choose appropriate window sizes are studied.
Targeting of CaV3.2 T-type calcium channels in peripheral sensory neurons for the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy

Pain-sensing sensory neurons (nociceptors) of the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) can become sensitized (hyperexcitable) in response to pathological conditions such as diabetes, which in turn may lead to the development of painful peripheral diabetic neuropathy (PDN). Because of insufficient knowledge about the mechanisms for this hypersensitization, current treatment for painful PDN has been limited to somewhat nonspecific systemic drugs having significant side effects or potential for abuse. Recent studies have established that the CaV3.2 isoform of T-channels makes a previously unrecognized contribution to sensitization of pain responses by enhancing excitability of nociceptors in animal models of type 1 and type 2 PDN. Furthermore, it has been reported that the glycosylation inhibitor neuraminidase can inhibit the native and recombinant CaV3.2 T-currents in vitro and completely reverse mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in diabetic animals with PDN in vivo. Understanding details of posttranslational regulation of nociceptive channel activity via glycosylation may facilitate development of novel therapies for treatment of painful PDN. Pharmacological targeting the specific pathogenic mechanism rather than the channel per se may cause fewer side effects and reduce the potential for drug abuse in patients with diabetes.
Bipolar I disorder with comorbid PTSD: Demographic and clinical correlates in a sample of hospitalized patients

Abstract Background According to data from epidemiological and clinical samples, there are elevated rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among patients with bipolar disorder (BD). However, little is known about the clinical correlates that may distinguish patients with BD and comorbid PTSD from those without comorbid PTSD. The present study sought to elucidate those differences and examine factors, such as psychosis, history of suicide attempts, and comorbid personality disorders, which may predict comorbid PTSD in patients with BD-I. Methods We conducted a retrospective chart review of 230 psychiatric inpatients with BD-I. Results Patients with BD-I and comorbid PTSD were significantly more likely to be female, to be depressed (vs. manic), to have a comorbid personality disorder, and to have a history of suicide attempt. Also, BD-I patients with PTSD were significantly less likely to present for their inpatient hospital stay with psychosis. These effects remained significant after controlling for mood episode polarity, suggesting that findings were not fully explained by the higher incidence of depression in the comorbid PTSD group. Conclusions Patients with BD-I and comorbid PTSD appear to be a high risk population with need for enhanced monitoring of suicidality. Clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
Withdrawals and Retirements in Professional Tennis Players.

Background:Injuries and illnesses for professional tennis athletes disrupt training, competition, and progression in the sport and represent a major reason for athlete withdrawal or retirement from...
Look before you leap: a curious case of giant pulmonary bulla

A 56-year-old white woman with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, deep vein thrombosis and chronic alcohol abuse was brought to the emergency room after having two episodes of seizures at home. She was confused and could not give any history. Vital signs were stable and limited neurological exam was unremarkable except for confusion. CT scan of the head was negative for any acute intracranial abnormality and she was admitted for presumed alcohol withdrawal. Soon after admission, she developed shortness of breath, …
Viability of Online Learning for Ensuring Basic Skills in Speech-Language Pathology

Students begin graduate school with a wide range of knowledge and disparate levels of skill established in undergraduate education and/or prerequisite courses. This study evaluated an online learni...
Biological Phosphorus Removal

Eutrophication of water bodies has been considered to be a worldwide pollution problem for years. Eutrophication is a phenomenon caused by excess discharge of nutrients in an aqueous system, particularly by nitrogen and phosphorus, especially in lakes, estuaries, and slow-moving streams. One of the signs of eutrophication is dense algal blooms that cause high turbidity in aquatic systems, decreasing dissolved oxygen, and increasing hypoxia conditions in the deeper parts of water bodies because of plant decay in sediments. In addition, floating algal blooms, known as blue-green algae, formed in freshwaters is another symptom of nutrient excess, which is caused by nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria. The increased supply of nutrients to surface waters results in an enhanced manufacture by primary producers, particularly phytoplankton and other aquatic plants. The main nutrients of concern are nitrogen and phosphorus, although their relative contribution to eutrophication is still under lots of debate. Although nitrogen and phosphorus are both necessary for the growth of algae, phosphorus input is more critical as many cyanobacteria are able to provide their nitrogen requirement from the available atmospheric nitrogen by way of nitrogen fixation ( Kortstee et al., 1994 ).
Atypical Circular Shunt and Diffuse Emphysema in a Fetus with Double-Outlet Right Ventricle and Absent Pulmonary Valve.

Absent pulmonary valve syndrome (APVS) is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly commonly associated with pulmonary artery dilation, bronchial compression, and poor outcomes. Although overall operative mortality has improved, the management of APVS associated with airway compression remains challenging.1 In this report we describe a fetus with a diagnosis of absent pulmonary valve with severe pulmonary regurgitation, double-outlet right ventricle with malposed great arteries, and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), yielding a circular shunt with severe pulmonary and aortic dilation and tracheal and bronchial compression with diffuse obstructive emphysema.
Accounting for R&D Expenditures

(1988). Accounting for R&D Expenditures. Research-Technology Management: Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 39-41.
Robust stabilization of a two-stage anaerobic bioreactor system

The two-stage continuous bioreactor system is an advanced configuration that could improve process production and system performance. Our paper studies the problem of feedback stabilization of this system. Based on a simple dynamic model, a constant-yield controller is derived to stabilize the system. Using Lyapunov stability analysis, this control law is proved to be able to regulate the system at the design steady state with stability basin the entire positive orthant. The control law is also proved to be robust to errors in influent concentration, in the sense of preserving the stability region.
Bit Error Rate (BER) analysis of Discrete Fractional Fourier Transform (DFrFT) based OFDM systems

This paper investigates the performance of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) system by integrating the Discrete Fractional Fourier Transform (DFrFT). Here the total number of OFDM subcarriers are 64 where 48 of them are data carriers, and bandwidth allocated to OFDM is 20 MHz. The transmitted signals are assumed to travel through an Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel. Simulations are conducted to investigate the Bit Error Rate (BER) performance of OFDM system as a function of energy per bit to noise power spectral density ratio E b /N 0 for both cases of conventional OFDM (FFT-OFDM) and proposed OFDM in this paper based on DFrFT (Fr-OFDM). Simulations confirm the proposed Fr-OFDM performance.
Erratum to "Mitigation of Turn-to-Turn Faults in Fault Tolerant Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors" [Jun 15 465-475]

Presents corrections to the paper, “Mitigation of turn-to-turn faults in fault tolerant permanent magnet synchronous motors,” (Cintron-Rivera, J.G., et al), IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 465–475, Jun. 2015.
Virtue(al) games—real drugs

The growth of esports as a recognized, organized, competitive activity in North America and Europe has evolved steadily from one of the most prominent sport industries in several Asian countries. E...
Use of Genetically Engineered Mice to Study the Biology of Huntingtin

Huntington disease (HD) is an autosomal-dominant neurodegenerative disorder. HD is caused by a CAG repeat expansion, and the resulting extended polyglutamine stretch confers a deleterious gain-of-function to the protein (huntingtin), leading to extensive neurodegeneration, predominantly in the striatum. Recent experimental evidence derived from genetic models of HD suggests that loss of normal huntingtin function might also contribute to HD pathogenesis. Huntingtin is a predominantly cytoplasmic protein, widely expressed during development and enriched in the adult brain and testes. Analyses of genetically engineered mice indicate that huntingtin is an essential protein involved in multiple processes, such as iron transport in early development, ependymal cell differentiation, neuronal migration, neuroprotection, regulation of body weight, and spermatogenesis, among others. Understanding the normal function of hungtingtin not only provides insight into HD pathology but also offers guidance for the development of more efficient therapeutic strategies.
Visualizing mole poblano as heritage process in Mexico City’s Café de Tacuba

ABSTRACTThis paper provides the first study of an untitled, large-scale painting, which the author refers to as The Creation of Mole (1946), by Mexican artist Carlos Gonzalez. Commissioned for Cafe...
BEHAVIOURAL AND BIOCHEMICAL EFFECTS OF L-DOPA IN PSYCHIATRIC PATIENTS*

Publisher Summary This chapter elaborates the behavioral and biochemical effects of l-dopa in psychiatric patients. Administration of the dopamine precursor, l-dopa to Parkinsonian patients has frequently precipitated psychotic reactions of various types. Patients who consented to participate were maintained on matched placebo for 5–10 days before l-dopa was administered. The first patient showed hypersexuality and compulsive masturbation without other signs suggestive of hypomania such as euphoria or hyperactivity. The second showed no objective behavioral effects and tolerated dosages of 10 g l-dopa day. Two other patients showed a combination of nausea, diaphoresis, a sense of dysphoric stimulation and anxiety. One of these developed ideas of reference. The remaining patient, who had no history of psychosis or psychiatric signs suggestive of schizophrenia, developed a paranoid schizophreniform psychosis. The precipitation of a schizophreniform psychosis by administration of l-dopa in a patient documented to be non-schizophrenic prior to receiving the drug also supports the hypothesized relationship between psychosis and central dopaminergic activity.
Abstract TP184: Liver Transplantation is Associated With a Reduced Risk of Hemorrhagic Stroke Among Patients With Liver Cirrhosis

Introduction: Cirrhosis is associated with an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke. We sought to determine whether liver transplantation is associated with a subsequently reduced risk of hemorrhagic stroke. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study using administrative claims data on hospitalizations and emergency department visits in CA, FL, and NY from 2005-2013. Patients with cirrhosis awaiting liver transplantation were identified by previously validated ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes for cirrhosis in combination with code V49.83 for “awaiting organ transplant” status. The exposure variable was liver transplantation, ascertained using CPT and ICD-9-CM procedure codes. The primary outcome was a composite of intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage, identified using a previously validated algorithm. Patients were censored at the time of death or last available data. Hemorrhagic stroke incidence was calculated using survival statistics, and Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to exa...
mGlu5 Receptor Blockade Within the Nucleus Accumbens Shell Reduces Behavioral Indices of Alcohol Withdrawal-Induced Anxiety in Mice

Withdrawal from binge-drinking increases negative affect, coinciding with increased expression of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGlu5) within the shell of the nucleus accumbens (AcbSh). Supporting a causal-effect relationship, systemic treatment with the mGlu5 receptor antagonist MTEP [3-((2-Methyl-4-thiazolyl)ethynyl)pyridine] is anxiolytic in binge-drinking adult and adolescent mice. Here, we employed neuropharmacological approaches to examine the functional relevance of AcbSh mGlu5 for behavioral indices of alcohol withdrawal-induced hyper-anxiety. Adult (PND 56) and adolescent (PND 28) male C57BL/6J mice consumed alcohol under modified Drinking-in-the-Dark procedures (10, 20, and 40% alcohol v/v) for 14 days. At an alcohol withdrawal time-point when mice manifest robust behavioral signs of hyper-anxiety (1 and 28 days withdrawal for adults and adolescents, respectively), mice were infused intra-AcbSh with 0, 1 or 10 μg MTEP and then affect was assayed in the light-dark shuttle box, marble-burying and forced swim tests. Brain tissue was collected to evaluate changes in Egr1 (early growth response protein 1) induction to index AcbSh neuronal activity. As expected, alcohol-experienced mice exhibited behavioral signs of hyper-emotionality. The anxiolytic effects of intra-AchSh MTEP were modest, but dose-dependent, and varied with age of drinking-onset. In adult-onset mice, only the 1 μg MTEP dose reduced withdrawal-induced hyper-anxiety, whereas only the higher dose was effective in adolescent-onset animals. MTEP reduced Egr1 expression within the AcbSh, irrespective of alcohol drinking history or age of drinking-onset. However, only the high MTEP dose reduced Egr1 expression in adolescent-onset binging mice. These results implicate AcbSh mGlu5 in modulating alcohol withdrawal-induced negative affect and suggest age differences in the neurobiological effects of alcohol withdrawal and behavioral responsiveness to mGlu5 blockade within the AcbSh.
Influence of the Greenland-Scotland Ridge on the Geological History of the North Atlantic and Norwegian-Greenland Sea Areas

The Greenland-Scotland Ridge was a controlling factor in the development of many aspects of the geologic history of the North Atlantic and Norwegian-Greenland Sea areas. It grew and evolved as a transverse ridge during the separation of the North-American-Greenland and North European plates by seafloor spreading processes. The ridge consists from northwest to southeast of the Denmark Strait, the volcanically active Icelandic Plateau, the volcanically inactive and aseismic Iceland-Faeroe Ridge, the Faeroe Islands block, a series of smaller banks and ridges that include Faeroe Bank, Bill Bailey Bank, Lousy Bank, and the Wyville-Thomson and Ymir Ridges, and the Faeroe-Scotland and Faeroe Bank Channels. The Greenland-Scotland Ridge is thus formed of an interconnected assemblage of subaerial and submarine volcanic plateaus, uplifted fragments of oceanic crust, rifted microcontinental blocks, narrow subsided channels, and sediment drifts.
ODVR: A Unifying Approach to On-Demand and Proactive Loop-Free Routing in Ad-Hoc Networks

We introduce Ordered Distance Vector Routing (ODVR), which is the first approach that enables on-demand and proactive loop-free routing on a per-destination basis. ODVR establishes a strict total ordering of nodes with respect to any given destination using the distances to that destination and reference distances that nodes responding to route requests must have in order to be allowed to send responses. Destinations send gratuitous route replies to enact proactive routing. In contrast to all prior routing protocols, ODVR does not require source or destination sequence numbers, sequence numbers for messages, path information, source routing, or requiring a router to wait for replies from all its neighbors before making changes to its routing table. It is shown that loop-free on-demand routing cannot be attained simply by using destination sequence numbers and the type of signaling used in AODV (Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector) if messages can be lost and nodes may lose routing state for any reason. It is also shown that ODVR provides loop-free routes at every instant. Simulation experiments using ns3 show that ODVR is more efficient than AODV and OLSR.
Profiling Cysteine Reactivity and Oxidation in the Endoplasmic Reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the initial site of biogenesis of secretory pathway proteins, including proteins localized to the ER, Golgi, lysosomes, intracellular vesicles, plasma membrane, and extracellular compartments. Proteins within the secretory pathway contain a high abundance of disulfide bonds to protect against the oxidative extracellular environment. These disulfide bonds are typically formed within the ER by a variety of oxidoreductases, including members of the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family. Here, we establish chemoproteomic platforms to identify oxidized and reduced cysteine residues within the ER. Subcellular fractionation methods were utilized to enrich for the ER and significantly enhance the coverage of ER-localized cysteine residues. Reactive-cysteine profiling ranked ∼900 secretory pathway cysteines by reactivity with an iodoacetamide-alkyne probe, revealing functional cysteines annotated to participate in disulfide bonds, or S-palmitoylation sites within proteins. Through application of a variation of the OxICAT protocol for quantifying cysteine oxidation, the percentages of oxidation for each of ∼700 ER-localized cysteines were calculated. Lastly, perturbation of ER function, through chemical induction of ER stress, was used to investigate the effect of initiation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) on ER-localized cysteine oxidation. Together, these studies establish a platform for identifying reactive and functional cysteine residues on proteins within the secretory pathway as well as for interrogating the effects of diverse cellular stresses on ER-localized cysteine oxidation.
Aquinas, Bonaventure, and the Scholastic Culture of Medieval Paris : Preaching, Prologues, and Biblical Commentary

In this volume, Randall B. Smith provides a revisionist account of the scholastic culture that flourished in Paris during the High Middle Ages. Exploring the educational culture that informed the intellectual and mental habits of Thomas Aquinas and Bonaventure, he offers an in-depth study of the prologues and preaching skills of these two masters. Smith reveal the intricate interrelationships between the three duties of the master: lectio (reading), disputatio (debate), and praedicatio (preaching). He also analyzes each of Aquinas and Bonaventure's prologues from their student days to their final works, revealing both their artistry and their instructional character. Written in an engaging style, this book serves as an invaluable resource that will enable scholars and students to read thirteenth-century sermons, prologues, and biblical commentaries with greater understanding and ease.
Teaching the Partial Products Algorithm Using the Concrete-representational-abstract Sequence

The development of conceptual multiplication knowledge will assist students in making progress within current mathematics standards. Previous research has shown the concrete-representational-abstra...
"It is you, me on the team together, and my child": Attending, resident, and patient family perspectives on patient ownership.

Patient ownership is an important element of physicians’ professional responsibility, but important gaps remain in our understanding of this concept. We sought to develop a theory of patient ownership by studying it in continuity clinics from the perspective of residents, attending physicians, and patients. Using constructivist grounded theory, we conducted 27 semi-structured interviews of attending physicians, residents, and patient families within two pediatric continuity clinics to examine definitions, expectations, and experiences of patient ownership from March–August 2019. We constructed themes using constant comparative analysis and developed a theory describing patient ownership that takes into account a diversity of perspectives. Patient ownership was described as a bi-directional, relational commitment between patient/family and physician that includes affective and behavioral components. The experience of patient ownership was promoted by continuity of care and constrained by logistical and other systems-based factors. The physician was seen as part of a medical care team that included clinic staff and patient families. Physicians adjusted expectations surrounding patient ownership for residents based on scheduling limitations. Our theory of patient ownership portrays the patient/family as an active participant in the patient–physician relationship, rather than a passive recipient of care. While specific expectations and tasks will vary based on the practice setting, our findings reframe the way in which patient ownership can be viewed and studied in the future by attending to a diversity of perspectives.
Generalized Abelian Higgs Equations

In this chapter we present a thorough study of a most natural generalization of the Abelian Higgs theory in (2 + 1) dimensions containing m Higgs scalar fields. We are led to an m × m system of nonlinear elliptic equations which is not integrable. The main tool here is to use the Cholesky decomposition theorem to reveal a variational structure of the problem. In §4.1 we formulate our problem and state an existence and uniqueness theorem. In §4.2 we treat the problem as a pure differential equation problem and state a series of general results for the system defined on a compact surface and the full plane. In §4.3–§4.5, we establish the existence part of our results stated in §4.1 and §4.2. In §4.6 we establish the nonexistence results stated in §4.2. In §4.7 we extend our study to the situation when the coefficient matrix of the nonlinear elliptic system is arbitrary.
Effect of CD47 Blockade on Vascular Inflammation.

Effect of CD47 Blockade on Vascular Inflammation Patients in a trial of the anti-CD47 antibody magrolimab for treatment of lymphoma underwent 18F-FDG PET–CT. Treatment was found to reduce arterial ...
Neurotrophic Keratopathy in Pediatric Patients

Purpose: This review provides an overview of the causes and treatment of neurotrophic keratopathy in the pediatric population.Methods: A thorough review of the current literature discussing neurotr...
Ultrasonic Vibrations Assisted Turning (UAT): A Review

To execute the demanding environmental liability, the analysis in the recent time has been centered on embracing endurable techniques in manufacturing sectors. In recent days, hardened materials and their alloys are extensively used in various industries like automobile, aeronautics, power, and defense. But machining of these materials is a bit troublesome with the conventional process (CT), as it directly results in high cutting forces, high machining stresses, excessive tool wear, increment in temperature, and poor surface finish. In concern of an equivalent, ultrasonically assisted turning (UAT) has been cultivated as an unconventional technique that uses low-energy, high-frequency ultrasonic vibrations which are superimposed on the cutting tool for the removal of unwanted material from a workpiece to produce a desired high precision product. The ultimate purpose of this review article is to underline the benefits of UAT and to publicize UAT by composing a path for making the overall system financially efficient and environment-friendly by shrinking footprints of carbon.
Long-term multidecadal data from a prairie-pothole wetland complex reveal controls on aquatic-macroinvertebrate communities

Abstract Interactions between climate and hydrogeologic settings contribute to the hydrologic and chemical variability among depressional wetlands, which influences their aquatic communities. These interactions and resulting variability have led to inconsistent results in terms of identifying reliable predictors of aquatic-macroinvertebrate community composition for depressional wetlands. This is especially true in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America where, in addition to pronounced climate variability, studies are often confounded by fish introductions. We used environmental monitoring data collected over a 24-year period from a complex of sixteen depressional wetlands and structural equation modeling techniques that incorporated theoretical and empirical relationships outlined in the Wetland Continuum to identify key environmental (climate and hydrogeologic setting) and biotic (competition and predation) drivers of aquatic-macroinvertebrate community composition for prairie-pothole wetlands. Uplands in the study area were primarily native prairie, thus, embedded wetlands were impacted minimally by agricultural influences. Additionally, study wetlands were predominately fishless. In the absence of the overwhelming influence of fishes, major drivers influencing aquatic-macroinvertebrate communities were revealed through the use of data spanning multidecadal-long climate cycles. We found variables related to the placement of wetlands along axes of the Wetland Continuum, e.g., hydrogeologic setting (relative wetland elevation) and hydroclimatic setting (proportion of wetland ponded), to be influential drivers of within-wetland habitat characteristics, such as the proportion of open-water area, which in turn was the strongest predictor of macroinvertebrate community composition. In contrast, predatory invertebrate and salamander abundance and non-predatory invertebrate biomass (i.e., predation and competition) were found to have minimal influence on community composition.
Examining Factors Related to the Food Insecurity-Obesity Paradox in Low-Income Mothers and Fathers.

Background:Prior research has indicated a varying relationship of food security and obesity risk between men and women yet factors affecting this relationship are unclear.Objective:The objective of...
Machine-Learning-Aided Bandwidth and Topology Reconfiguration for Optical Data Center Networks

We present an overview of the application of machine learning for traffic engineering and network optimization in optical data center networks. In particular, we discuss the application of supervised and unsupervised learning for bandwidth and topology reconfiguration.
Predicting clinical outcomes in COVID-19 using radiomics on chest radiographs.

Objectives For optimal utilization of healthcare resources, there is a critical need for early identification of COVID-19 patients at risk of poor prognosis as defined by the need for intensive unit care and mechanical ventilation. We tested the feasibility of chest X-ray (CXR)-based radiomics metrics to develop machine-learning algorithms for predicting patients with poor outcomes. Methods In this Institutional Review Board (IRB) approved, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) compliant, retrospective study, we evaluated CXRs performed around the time of admission from 167 COVID-19 patients. Of the 167 patients, 68 (40.72%) required intensive care during their stay, 45 (26.95%) required intubation, and 25 (14.97%) died. Lung opacities were manually segmented using ITK-SNAP (open-source software). CaPTk (open-source software) was used to perform 2D radiomics analysis. Results Of all the algorithms considered, the AdaBoost classifier performed the best with AUC = 0.72 to predict the need for intubation, AUC = 0.71 to predict death, and AUC = 0.61 to predict the need for admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). AdaBoost had similar performance with ElasticNet in predicting the need for admission to ICU. Analysis of the key radiomic metrics that drive model prediction and performance showed the importance of first-order texture metrics compared to other radiomics panel metrics. Using a Venn-diagram analysis, two first-order texture metrics and one second-order texture metric that consistently played an important role in driving model performance in all three outcome predictions were identified. Conclusions Considering the quantitative nature and reliability of radiomic metrics, they can be used prospectively as prognostic markers to individualize treatment plans for COVID-19 patients and also assist with healthcare resource management. Advances in knowledge We report on the performance of CXR-based imaging metrics extracted from RT-PCR positive COVID-19 patients at admission to develop machine-learning algorithms for predicting the need for ICU, the need for intubation, and mortality, respectively.
Friedman and Phelps on the Phillips Curve Viewed from a Half CenturyAS Perspective

In the late 1960s the stable negatively sloped Phillips Curve (PC) was overturned by the Friedman-Phelps natural rate model. Their PC was vertical in the long run at the natural unemployment rate, and their short-run curve shifted up whenever unemployment was pushed below the natural rate. This paper criticizes the underlying assumption of the Friedman-Phelps approach that the labor market continuously clears and that changes in unemployment down or up occur only in response to “fooling” of workers, firms, or both. A preferable and resolutely Keynesian approach explains quantity rationing by inertia in price and wage setting. The positive correlation of inflation and unemployment in the 1970s and again in the 1990s is explained by joining the negatively sloped Phillips Curve with a positively sloped dynamic demand curve. For any given growth of nominal GDP, higher inflation caused by adverse supply shocks implies slower real GDP growth and higher unemployment. This “triangle” model based on inflation inertia, demand, and supply worked well to explain why inflation and unemployment were both positively and negatively correlated between the 1960s and 1990s, but in the past decade the slope of the short-run Phillips Curve has flattened as inflation exhibited a muted response to high unemployment in 2009-13 and low unemployment in 2016-2018. It remains to be seen whether a continuation of low unemployment will cause a modest and fixed extra amount of inflation, thus reviving the stable Phillips curve of the early 1960s, or whether inflation will continuously accelerate as Friedman and Phelps would have predicted.
Crisis 2.0: La necesidad de un modelo integrado de comunicación

After a series of major crisis during the 1980’s, such as the Johnson & Johnson recall and the Exxon Valdez oil spill, scholars from different disciplines began developing communication models to prepare organizations for crisis prevention and management by drawing on theories from social sciences and management. With the introduction of the web 2.0, however, a new type of crisis has emerged that arises not from errors, but from the difussion of decontextualized messages. The following article aims to explore this new phenomenon and propose the application of inoculation theory as a proactive strategy of crisis response.
Neuronal control of heartbeat in the medicinal leech

An analysis has been made of the synaptic connections linking the heart interneurons, or HN cells, of the leech ventral nerve cord. The activity of the HN cells controls the rhythm of the heart excitor motor neurons, or HE cells. (1) The antiphasically active right and left members of the HN cell pairs in ganglion 3 [HN(3)] and in ganglion 4 [HN(4)] are linked via reciprocal inhibitory synapses. (2) Two additional pairs of heart interneurons, namely cells HN(2) and HN(5), serve to interconnect other HN cells. They do not appear to provide synaptic input to the HE cells. (3) Each HN cell inhibits other ipsilateral HN cells in posterior ganglia. Thus, cell HN(2) inhibits the ipsilateral cell HN(3). Cells HN(3) and HN(4) inhibit the ipsilateral cell HN(5). Cell HN(5) in turn inhibits bilaterally the HN(7) cell pair. (4) The pair of HN(7) cells receive periodic inhibitory input only from the HN(5) cell located on the body side coordinated in the non-peristaltic mode, since the HN(5) cell located on the side coordinated in the peristaltic mode is inactive, or dormant, throughout the heartbeat cycle. (5) The effects of systematic ablation of ganglia on the heartbeat rhythm of the remaining ganglia of the ventral cord confirm the inferences based on the electrophysiological analysis of these synaptic links. (6) The inhibitory synapses which link the HN cells to the HE cells are subject to presynaptic modulation, in that the amplitude of inhibitory synaptic potentials caused by HN cell impulses in an HE cell decreases with increasing polarization of the HN cell. This presynaptic modulation can occur not only intra- but also intercellularly, since the processes of different HN cells are linked via electrical junctions. In particular, the level of polarization of an HN cell which does not itself provide direct inhibitory synaptic input to an HE cell can nevertheless reduce the direct inhibitory influence exerted by another HN cell on that HE cell.
Harvesting design for an application framework

Framework design begins with domain analysis. Either the problem domain is analyzed to create a new design, or the solution domain is analyzed to understand how the problem has already been solved. Solution domain analysis is advantageous for at least two reasons: solutions are likely to have addressed more concerns because they have been tested in a real-world environment and they provide a source for reusable code. On the other hand, such solutions may be too implementation-specific so as to inhibit code or design reuse. The objective of harvesting is to extract as much design and code as possible from existing solutions so that it can be refined for reuse.The experiences described in this paper originated with an effort to harvest components from a customer engagement that produced a proof-of-concept patient record system. The first candidate selected for implementation was an infrastructure framework that provides task management services for an application. The framework addresses a common problem in developing GUI applications - how to organize, present, and manage a single, controlling application that has multiple sub-applications, or tasks. Because this problem had been solved on several other projects, the harvesting effort benefited greatly from the availability of multiple solutions. Although they were implemented for different domains (medicine, insurance, network management), each required similar infrastructure code to manage the various application tasks. This paper describes the harvesting process and how it was used in the development of the task management framework.
Decoding Market Disruption: New Schema, Model, and Findings

The failure of firms in the face of technological change has been a topic of intense research and debate, spawning the theory (among others) of disruptive technologies. However, the theory suffers from circular definitions, inadequate empirical evidence, and lack of a predictive model. The authors develop a new schema to address these limitations. The schema generates seven hypotheses and a testable model relating to platform technologies. The authors test this model and hypotheses with data on 36 technologies from 7 markets. Contrary to extant theory, technologies that adopt a lower attack (“potentially disruptive technologies”) 1) are introduced as frequently by incumbents as by entrants, 2) are not cheaper than older technologies, and 3) rarely disrupt firms, and 4) both entrants and lower attacks significantly reduce the hazard of disruption. Moreover, technology disruption is not permanent due to multiple crossings in technology performance and numerous rival technologies co-existing without one disrupting the other. The proposed predictive model of disruption shows good out-of-sample predictive accuracy. The authors discuss the implications of these findings.
Research and development (R&D) portfolio management in the electric utility sector

Purpose – The electric utility industry, unlike most other technology‐intensive industries, does not spend much money or effort on research and development. Many utilities do not possess an in‐house R&D facility, nor is there an R&D line item in their budgets. Over the last several decades the rate of change in the electric utility industry has been very slow and in‐house R&D efforts have not been required. As the rate of change in the industry is beginning to change, the need to pursue R&D is increasing. The electric utility industry is responding to this increasing requirement by increasing R&D budgets, and in some cases re‐initiating the R&D process within individual utilities. The purpose of this paper is to focus on R&D portfolio management efforts of various actors from different industrial sectors, to find out the best practices by using benchmarking method.Design/methodology/approach – The paper used case study approach and on‐site interviews as research methods.Findings – The authors found that R...
Effects of comparative feedback from a Socially Assistive Robot on self-efficacy in post-stroke rehabilitation

We present a study with an autonomous Socially Assistive Robot (SAR) coach that investigates the effect of comparative feedback given by a SAR on the self-efficacy of individuals post-stroke in a seated reaching task. We compare two types of feedback, self-comparative and other-comparative, against a control of no comparative feedback, with 23 participants post-stroke. We find that participants receiving other-comparative feedback have significantly more delay time on the task than participants receiving self or no comparative feedback. In addition, we demonstrate that participants show task performance improvement over time, and provide responses to self-efficacy probes that vary along several dimensions.