cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
INTERRELATION OF TESTS OF INTESTINAL ABSORPTION

Tests useful in the assessment of intestinal absorption include measurement of the amount of ingested d-xylose in the urine, fasting serum carotene concentration, and fecal fat. The present investigation examines certain aspects of these tests, including the interrelation among them, the relation between the clinical severity of a disease of malabsorption and the variation of each test, and the determination of the most efficient application of the tests as a group. Subjects and Methods Seventy-two-hour fecal fat excretion, 4hour excretion of d-xylose in the urine, and fasting serum carotene concentration were obtained at approximately the same time in each of 45 patients with functional diarrhea but without steatorrhea and in 33 patients with steatorrhea. Of the 33 pa­ tients with steatorrhea, 10 had nontropical sprue, 9 had exocrine pancreatic insufficiency resulting from pancreatitis, and 14 had had partial gastrectomy. Examples of uncom­ plicated mucosal block, enzyme deficiency, or altered gastric function were used be­ cause differences could be more easily ex­ plained in well delineated cases. Patients with functional diarrhea were considered as ideal controls since they represent the most common problem in differential diagnosis. A group of 9 patients with regional enteritis was included in our original data but is reported for the purpose of contrast only and not in the same detail as the groups already mentioned. The functional diagnosis was established in the usual manner. A diagnosis of non­ tropical sprue was made by history, physical
STUDIES ON PHOTOTROPISM OF YOUNG SPORANGIOPHORES OF PILOBOLUS KLEINII

Abstract— Young sporangiophores of the fungus, Pilobolus kleinii, respond to unilateral illumination by bending or by growing toward light of wavelengths between 312 and 530 mμ, with peaks of sensitivity near 360 and 450 mμ. Young sporangiophores exhibit a negative phototropic response to wavelengths shorter than 300 mμ, with a strong negative response at 280 mμ. Since the action spectrum did not correspond to the absorption spectrum of the pigmented zone as measured in vivo, and since colorless sporangiophores formed on media containing diphenylamine were capable of phototropic response, it is unlikely that the conspicuous orange-yellow pigment in young sporangiophores is the photoreceptor for phototropism. The results of probing with small beams of light and the behavior of sporangiophores submerged in mineral oil, together with measurements of the refractive index of the tip and base indicate that the photosensitive region is located in the tip of the young sporangiophore.
Statistical Estimation of EIT Electrode Contact Impedance Using a Magic Toeplitz Matrix

The goal of this paper is to propose a fast and reliable method of simultaneous estimation of conductivity and electrode contact impedances for a homogeneous 2-D disk. Magic Toeplitz matrix as the Neumann-to-Dirichlet map with finite width electrodes plays the central role in our linear model, called the gapZ model. This model enables testing of various hypotheses using the F-test, such as the uniformity of electrode impedances and their statistical significance. The gapZ model is compared with the finite element approximation, and illustrated and validated with a phantom tank experiment filled with saline. Further, this model was illustrated with the patient breast EIT data to identify bad contact electrodes.
Global orientation dynamics for liquid crystalline polymers

Abstract We study global orientation dynamics of the Doi–Smoluchowski equation with the Maier–Saupe potential on the sphere, which arises in the modeling of rigid rod-like molecules of polymers. Using the orientation tensor we first reconfirm the structure and number of equilibrium solutions established in [H.L. Liu, H. Zhang, P.W. Zhang, Axial symmetry and classification of stationary solutions of Doi–Onsager equation on the sphere with Maier–Saupe potential, Comm. Math. Sci. 3 (2) (2005) 201–218]. We then examine global orientation dynamics in terms of eigenvalues of the orientation tensor via the Doi closure approximation. It is shown that for small intensity 0 α 4 , all states will evolve into the isotropic phase; for large intensity α > 4.5 , all states will evolve into the nematic prolate phase; and for the intermediate intensity 4 α 4.5 , an initial state will evolve into either the isotropic phase or the stable phase of two nematic prolate phases, depending on whether such an initial configuration crosses a critical threshold. Moreover, the uniaxial symmetry structure is shown to be preserved in time.
Primary carcinoma of the liver; a critical analysis of sixteen cases.

Summary Sixteen autopsied cases of primary carcinoma of the liver occurring among 3,509 autopsies at the Evanston Hospital during the past 29 years have been reviewed. There were 11 hepatomas and five cholangiomas. Two of these tumors occurred in infants. Of the 14 which occurred in adults, three, or 18.7 per cent, were associated with a true Laennec's cirrhosis. There were no instances of an associated toxic cirrhosis or hemochromatosis. The symptomatology has been reviewed and the difficulties in diagnosis discussed.
A role for Pareto optimality in mining performance data: Research Articles

Improvements in performance modeling and identification of computational regimes within software libraries is a critical first step in developing software libraries that are truly agile with respect to the application as well as to the hardware. It is shown here that Pareto ranking, a concept from multi-objective optimization, can be an effective tool for mining large performance datasets. The approach is illustrated using software performance data gathered using both the public domain LAPACK library and an asynchronous communication library based on IBM LAPI active message library. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Initial Validation Study for a Scale Used to Determine Service Intensity for Itinerant Teachers of Students with Visual Impairments

IntroductionThe purpose of this study was to begin validation of a scale that will be used by teachers of students with visual impairments to determine appropriate recommended type and frequency of...
High-Energy Elastic and Inelastic Scattering in ϕ 3 Theory

We study high-energy elastic and inelastic processes in a ${\ensuremath{\phi}}^{3}$ theory based on the following model: For the elastic-scattering amplitude we first sum the leading terms in each order of perturbation of the $t$-channel straight ladders, plus those obtained by interchange of the Mandelstam variables $s$ and $u$. We then perform the $s$-channel iteration with the $t$-channel ladders as single units. We are only interested in the physical regions in which the incident particles retain their large momenta. This procedure leads to the eikonalization of the $t$-channel ladders. For the inelastic production amplitude, the dominant contribution comes from diagrams with any number of totally open ladders (i.e., multiperipheral chains) modified by unopen ones. The main results are: (a) The total cross section approaches zero, approaches a constant, or increases as ${(\mathrm{lns})}^{2}$ according as the coupling constant is smaller than, equal to, or larger than a critical value. (b) Elastic and inelastic differential cross sections are computed, and they have many nice features, as suggested by the absorption model. (c) Nonforward $s$-channel unitarity is explicitly verified. (d) One-particle and multiparticle spectra, the average multiplicity, the number distribution of the final particles, etc., are obtained. The implications of these results to hadron physics are discussed.
General patterns in West Indian insects, and graphical biogeographic analysis of some circum-caribbean Platynus beetles (Carabidae)

The relationships of the Antillean terrestrial arthropodan and onychophoran taxa are reviewed using track analysis, in which tracks are considered the connected areas of ende- mism of cladistically unresolved monophyletic groups. The West Indian fauna is shown to be of complex affinities, with elements related to Central and South America, North America, Africa, Asia, and Australia. Numerous taxa in a variety of insect orders exhibit Antillean-African re- lationships, suggesting that resolved cladistic analyses of such groups will allow testing of vicariance hypotheses of Antillean geohistory. Relationships among taxa on Cuba, Hispaniola and Puerto Rico support a geologic reconstruction in which proto-Hispaniola is composed of eastern Cuba, central and northern Hispaniola and Puerto Rico during the early Tertiary. Cladistic analysis of a clade within the carabid beetle genus Platynus is used to generate taxon- area cladograms. The clade is composed of 32 species, 8 fronf the mainland, 14 from Hispaniola, 4 from Jamaica, 4 from the northern Lesser Antilles, and 2 from Cuba. Fitch optimization is used to generate area transformation series from the taxon-area cladograms. Of the 39 equally par- simonious character cladograms generated in the cladistic analysis, two taxon-area cladograms most parsimoniously account for the area relationships of the Platynus species. These are com- pared to two contrasting geologic hypotheses of area relationships: a mobilist geologic hypothesis and a stabilist geology/taxon dispersal hypothesis. Using component analysis and a graphical representation of the area transformation series, called closed biogeographic graphs, the mobilist geologic hypothesis is shown to better account for the area relationships of the Platynus clade. These area relationsips include: 1) a relatively earlier association of portions of the northern Lesser Antilles with the Greater Antilles; 2) a hybrid origin for Hispaniola, with the central and northern cordilleras related to eastern Cuba, and the southern Haitian peninsula related to Jamaica; 3) a relatively later relationship of Jamaica and northern Central America. The techniques of biogeographic graph analysis are compared to recent attempts at track analysis and to the methods of cladistic biogeography. The biogeographic graphs are shown to be a useful adjunct to component analysis, but suffer from a loss of directed component information. (Biogeography, Caribbean, Carabidae, Platynus, beetles, vicariance.)
Glass structure, melt structure, and dynamics: Some concepts for petrology

![Figure][1] The thermodynamic and transport properties of the aluminosilicate melts at the heart of most magmatic processes vary in complex ways with composition, temperature, and pressure. Insights into these properties can come from information on the structure of the melts themselves, and more commonly from their glassy, quenched equivalents. Although most such connections remain qualitative or semi-quantitative, they are fundamentally important in interpretation of observations on igneous systems in nature and the laboratory, and in the formulation of physically accurate models. This review presents some of the important concepts of aluminosilicate glass and melt structure and dynamics that are most relevant to furthering our understanding of the igneous processes so central to how our planet has formed and evolved. The relationships among glasses, melts, and crystals are introduced. The structural underpinnings of temperature and pressure effects on melt free energies, densities, and viscosities, constraints on the extent of order/disorder among cations and anions in melts, why silica activity varies so strongly with composition, and how liquid-liquid phase separation can be understood, are discussed. Some simple, but useful, general views are presented on melt disorder and the shapes of liquidus surfaces (key to magmatic phase equilibria), as are links between atomic-scale dynamics and viscous flow and diffusion. [1]: pending:yes
Nutrition and Primary Health Care Services

Nutrition is at the heart of effective primary health care, especially for the physiologically vulnerable (pregnant and lactating mothers and their young children), and for the culturally or economically disadvantaged, as with groups regarded as socially inferior and for confused new slumdwellers. The level of nutritional status is any community depends on many factors which can be summarized in the “community nutrition level” (CNL) equation (Fig. 1).
Procidentia of the rectum.

While controversy still exists regarding the cause and mechanism of rectal procidentia, progress in this area is being made. The mechanism that normally stabilizes the rectum, and diagnosis and current methods of management are delineated.
The Factors in Successful Exstrophy Closure

Abstract A review of the successes, failures and complications of more than 100 cases of bladder exstrophy provides the basis for treatment now being used on new patients. The technical aspects of this treatment that provide the best chance for continence without renal damage and satisfactory external genitalia are discussed.
A Bitter Partnership: The Black Press’ Contentious Relationship with the Negro Leagues in the Struggle to Integrate Major League Baseball

AbstractIn the 30-year campaign to integrate Major League Baseball, the relationships between African-American newspapers and the Negro Leagues developed in three distinct phases. What began as a harmonious partnership where the two institutions worked together to publicize and improve the quality of the Negro Leagues gave way to bitterness and resentment, as each questioned the other’s role in integrating the sport. By the early 1950s, however, some black sportswriters attempted to revitalize the Negro Leagues after recognizing that the integration of the sport had damaged this distinctly African-American social and economic institution. Analysing the contradictory and complicated attitudes and actions of black journalists as they worked with and later disassociated from the Negro Leagues demonstrates the black press’ shifting relationship with the Negro Leagues and illustrates the conflict among African-American journalists over how to transition from a segregated environment to an integrated one.
Paranormal Cognition and Symbolism

I SPEAK to you this afternoon as a philosopher who happens to be interested in psychical research as well. I hope my remarks may have some relevance to the main subject of this symposium. It is worth while to remember that in classical Latin a poet was often called a vates; and a vates, a prophet or soothsayer, was a person with paranormal cognitive powers. The strange and exciting topic of poetical inspiration is one which surely does lie closer to the centre of your interests. The stratum or level of the human mind from which poetical inspiration comes is also the one in which paranormal cognition has its origin. At least this is what the Ancients were suggesting when they used the same words vates both for poets and for prophets, and began their poems (very properly, in my opinion) by invoking the aid of the Muse. Again, someone has said that metaphor is the natural language of the unconscious; and as I shall try to show, the notion of indirect and non-literal presentation is no less important to psychical researchers than it is to students of imaginative literature.
Efficacy of a family-focused intervention for young drivers with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Teenage drivers diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at significant risk for negative driving outcomes related to morbidity and mortality. However, there are few viable psychosocial treatments for teens with ADHD and none focus on the key functional area of driving. The Supporting the Effective Entry to the Roadway (STEER) program was evaluated in a clinical trial to investigate whether it improved family functioning as a proximal outcome and driving behavior as a distal outcome. One hundred seventy-two teenagers with ADHD, combined type, were randomly assigned to STEER or a driver education driver practice program (DEDP). Relative to parents in the DEDP condition, parents in STEER were observed to be less negative at posttreatment and 6-month follow-up but not at 12-month follow-up, and there were no significant differences for observed positive parenting. Relative to teens in the DEDP condition, teens in STEER reported lower levels of risky driving behaviors at posttreatment and 6-month follow-up, but not at 12-month follow-up. Groups did not differ on objective observations of risky driving or citations/accidents. The STEER program for novice drivers with ADHD was effective in reducing observations of negative parenting behavior and teen self-reports of risky driving relative to DEDP; groups did not significantly differ on observations of positive parenting or driving behaviors. (PsycINFO Database Record(c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved). Language: en
Neighborhood perceptions and hypertension among low-income black women: a qualitative study.

The majority of studies examining the role of neighborhoods and hypertension-related outcomes have been quantitative in nature and very few studies have examined specific disadvantaged populations, including low-income housing residents. The objective of this study was to use qualitative interviews to explore low-income Black women’s perceptions of their neighborhoods and to understand how those perceptions may affect their health, especially as it relates to blood pressure. Seventeen Black female participants, living in public housing communities in New York City, completed one semi-structured, audiotaped interview in July of 2014. All interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed for emerging themes using N’Vivo 10 software. Three major themes emerged: (1) social connectedness, (2) stress factors, and (3) availability of food options. For example, factors that caused stress varied throughout the study population. Sources of stress included family members, employment, and uncleanliness within the neighborhood. Many participants attributed their stress to personal issues, such as lack of employment and relationships. In addition, the general consensus among many participants was that there should be a greater density of healthy food options in their neighborhoods. Some believed that the pricing of fresh foods in the neighborhoods should better reflect the financial status of the residents in the community. Various neighborhood influences, including neighborhood disorder and lack of healthy food options, are factors that appear to increase Black women’s risk of developing high blood pressure. Implications of this research include the need to develop interventions that promote good neighborhood infrastructure (e.g. healthy food stores to encourage good nutrition habits and well-lit walking paths to encourage daily exercise), in addition to interventions that increase hypertension awareness in low-income neighborhoods.
Synthesis of Porous Crystalline Doped Titania Photocatalysts Using Modified Precursor Strategy

We propose a new strategy for the synthesis of porous crystalline doped titania materials—dubbed the modified precursor strategy. The modified precursors are prepared by reacting generic titania precursors with organic acids in order to introduce “carbonizable” groups into the precursor’s structure, so that carbon–titania composites can form upon carbonization. The resulting carbon framework serves as a scaffold for TiO2 and supports the structure during crystallization. Afterward, removal of the carbon scaffold through calcination results in titania with a well-developed structure and high crystallinity. The titanias synthesized according to this strategy, using common organic acids as the modifiers, have specific surface areas reaching 100 m2 g–1 and total pore volumes exceeding 0.20 cm3 g–1, even after crystallization at temperatures from 500 to 1000 °C. The materials possess high crystallinity and tunable phase composition, and some show visible light absorption and significantly narrowed band gaps (2...
Sexual Kidneys in a Plethodontid Salamander

Abstract Previous studies observed the synthesis of an abundant glycoprotein secretion in the collecting duct tubules of ambystomatid and salamandrid salamanders. The synthesis and release of this secretion occurred during times of mating activity; therefore, researchers concluded that collecting ducts of the pelvic kidneys functioned as secondary sexual structures. The purpose of this study was to determine if any male plethodontids possess kidneys with similar secondary sexual function. We captured male and female Eurycea longicauda longicauda (Common Name) from every month possible and removed their urogenital organs, along with known male secondary sexual glands, for histological examination. The heights of collecting duct and known secondary sexual gland epithelia were measured every month as a proxy for secretory activity. We compared known secondary sexual gland seasonal secretory activity with that of the seasonal secretory activity of the collecting ducts. We then qualitatively compared these dat...
Pairing T Cell Receptor α and β sequences using pooling and min-cost flows

this work we introduce a large-scale b-matching problem modeling reconstruction of the α-β T-cell receptor repertoire from independent sequencing of α and β genes for random pools of T-cells. A scalable solution based on heuristic sparsification of the underlying bipartite graph and minimum-cost network flows shows promising results in empirical experiments on simulated data.
A Longitudinal Perspective on Turn Design: From Role-Plays to Workplace Patient Consultations

This longitudinal conversation analytic study tracks a pharmacy student’s development of interactional competence in patient counseling from classroom role-plays to workplace performance, with a focus on turn-design practices. I first examine the learner’s employment of turn-design practices to achieve key patient counseling tasks (drug identification, allergy inquiry, and advice giving) in role-plays over a semester. Then, I analyze how the practices developed in the role-plays were utilized or modified in actual consultations at the workplace one year later. In the context of the analysis, I discuss the challenge to strike a balance between striving for a large data set and maintaining similarities across cases for comparison in order to observe changes over time.
Effects of distributed leading-edge roughness on aerodynamic performance of a low-Reynolds-number airfoil: an experimental study

ABSTRACT Distributed leading-edge (LE) roughness could have significant impact on the aerodynamic performance of a low-Reynolds-number (low-Re) airfoil, which has not yet been fully understood. In the present study, experiments were conducted to study the effects of distributed hemispherical roughness with different sizes and distribution patterns on the performance of a GA (W)-1 airfoil. Surface pressure and particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements were performed under various incident angles and different Re numbers. Significant reduction in lift and increase in drag were found for all cases with the LE roughness applied. Compared with the distribution pattern, the roughness height was found to be a more significant factor in determining the lift reduction and altering stall behaviors. It is also found while the larger roughness advances the aerodynamic stall, the smaller roughness tends to prevent deep stall at high incident angles. PIV results also suggest that staggered distribution pattern induces higher fluctuations in the wake flow than the aligned pattern does. Results imply that distributed LE roughness with large element sizes are particularly detrimental to aerodynamic performances, while those with small element sizes could potentially serve as a passive control mechanism to alleviate deep stall conditions at high incident angles.
Novel patient-reported outcomes (PROs) used in a pilot and feasibility study of a Cognitive Behavioral Coping Skills (CBCS) group intervention for patients with chronic hepatitis C

Patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) experience reduced quality of life, HCV-associated symptoms, comorbid conditions, and treatment side effects. The Cognitive Behavioral Coping Skills group intervention for HCV (CBCS-HCV) was developed using the Stage Model of Behavioral Therapies Research. Intervention development and initial feasibility testing in wave 1 participants were previously reported. The primary objective of this subsequent pilot with wave 2–3 participants was to investigate the effect sizes and clinical improvements in patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and trial and intervention feasibility. A pilot feasibility two-arm randomized controlled trial using block randomization to assign patients to CBCS-HCV or standard of care was conducted. Participants attended nine group sessions: four before HCV treatment and five during treatment. PRO data were collected at five time points: before the CBCS intervention (T1), immediately before HCV treatment (T2), during HCV treatment (T3, T4), and 1 month post-intervention/post-HCV treatment (T5). PROs included quality of life, perceived stress, HCV symptoms, and medication adherence. Cohen’s d was used to estimate within-group changes (WGCs) and between-group differences (BGDs), with d > 0.35 considered potentially clinically significant. Potential mechanisms of change were also evaluated. Several WGCs and BGDs (ES > .35) suggest that the CBCS-HCV may promote improvements in PROs: psychological stress, depression, anger, anxiety, sleep disturbance, and fatigue. The intervention did not appear to impact social functioning, pain, or medication adherence. Cognitive behavioral skills and group therapy dynamics, but not HCV treatment self-efficacy, may mediate improvements in PROs. Most aspects of the study trial, including intervention implementation, were feasible. Patient acceptance and retention were exceptional. The greatest feasibility challenge was due to patients needing to initiate treatment as soon as medications were obtained, but often before a full block could be created in wave 3. Challenges with PRO data collection were identified that will be resolved in future studies. The CBCS-HCV intervention warrants future investigation in an efficacy trial to evaluate improvements in selected PROs. The next step is to pilot test the CBCS-HCV delivered via telehealth to an expanded pool of patients to reduce patient barriers, hone technical logistics, and improve intervention reach and effectiveness. NCT03057236 Retrospectively registered.
Delayed fertilization during in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer cycles: analysis of causes and impact on overall results

This study evaluated possible causes of delayed fertilization during in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles, its repetitiveness, and its influence on IVF results in 23 patients (27 cycles) with delayed fertilization of ≥1 preovulatory oocyte(s). In 15 cycles, reinsemination with husband's semen was performed at 18 hours. Possible causes of delayed fertilization were oocyte defects (10 cycles, 37.0%), sperm defects (4 cycles, 14.8%), oocyte and sperm defects (4 cycles, 14.8%), and no detectable gamete defects (9 cycles, 33.3%). Overall fertilization rate was 47.9%. No pregnancies were observed in 10 patients with one embryo transferred. Recurrence rate of delayed fertilization per patient was 17.3%; overall ongoing pregnancy rate/cycle was 10.3%. Although repetitiveness of delayed fertilization is low, it seems to impact negatively on IVF results.
Mindfulness meditation and physical activity: Evidence from 2012 National Health Interview Survey.

Objective Physical activity is critical for health, yet only about half of the U.S. adult population meets basic aerobic physical activity recommendations and almost a third are inactive. Mindfulness meditation is gaining attention for its potential to facilitate health-promoting behavior and may address some limitations of existing interventions for physical activity. However, little evidence exists on mindfulness meditation and physical activity. This study assessed whether mindfulness meditation is uniquely associated with physical activity in a nationally representative sample. Method Cross-sectional data from the adult sample (N = 34,525) of the 2012 National Health Interview Survey were analyzed. Logistic regression models tested whether past-year use of mindfulness meditation was associated with (a) inactivity and (b) meeting aerobic physical activity recommendations, after accounting for sociodemographics, another health-promoting behavior, and 2 other types of meditation. Data were weighted to represent the U.S. civilian, noninstitutionalized adult population. Results Accounting for covariates, U.S. adults who practiced mindfulness meditation in the past year were less likely to be inactive and more likely to meet physical activity recommendations. Mindfulness meditation showed stronger associations with these indices of physical activity than the 2 other types of meditation. Conclusions These results suggest that mindfulness meditation specifically, beyond meditation in general, is associated with physical activity in U.S adults. Future research should test whether intervening with mindfulness meditation-either as an adjunctive component or on its own-helps to increase or maintain physical activity. (PsycINFO Database Record
Noise reduction using metamaterials and metasurfaces

We are surrounded by noise. Planes, trains, cars, crowds, cooling fans — just about everything is a potential source of noise. Traditional noise abatement methods have a number of limitations and they are particularly ineffective for low frequency noise. As we are becoming increasingly aware of the noise pollution issue, there is a pressing need to develop novel materials for more effective noise reduction. In this talk, I will give an overview of recent development on noise reduction using metamaterials or metasurfaces. I will cover structures such as decorated membrane resonators, hybrid resonators, and coiled Helmholtz resonators.
Paleocommunity mixing increases with marine transgression in Dinosaur Park Formation (Upper Cretaceous) vertebrate microfossil assemblages

Vertebrate microfossil assemblages in a stratigraphic sequence often yield similar assortments of taxa but at different relative abundances, potentially indicative of marginal paleocommunity changes driven by paleoenvironmental change over time. For example, stratigraphically younger assemblages in the Dinosaur Park Formation (DPF) yield proportionally more aquatic taxa, consistent with marine transgression. However, individual deposits may have received specimens from multiple source paleocommunities over time, limiting our ability to confidently identify ecologically significant, paleocommunity differences through direct assemblage comparisons. We adapted a three-source, two-tracer Bayesian mixing model to quantify proportional contributions from different source habitats to DPF microfossil assemblages. Prior information about the compositions of separate, relatively unmixed terrestrial, freshwater, and marine assemblages from the Belly River Group allowed us to define expected taxon percent abundances for the end-member habitats likely contributing specimens to the mixed deposits. We compared the mixed assemblage and end-member distributions using 21 different combinations of vertebrate taxa. Chondrichthyan, dinosaur, and amphibian occurrence patterns ultimately allowed us to parse the contributions from the potential sources to 14 of the 15 mixed assemblages. The results confirmed a significant decline in terrestrial contributions at younger DPF sites, driven primarily by increased freshwater specimen inputs—not incursions from the adjacent marine paleocommunity. A rising base level likely increased lateral channel migration and the prevalence of freshwater habitats on the landscape, factors that contributed to increased paleocommunity mixing at younger channel deposit sites. Bayesian methods can account for source-mixing bias, which may be common in assemblages associated with major paleoenvironmental changes.
A 3-D IC for Mitigating Energy of Memory Accessing and Data Movement in Accelerator- Based Streaming Architectures

This paper presents a 3-D integrated circuit (3-D IC) for heterogeneous domain-specific streaming architectures. In such architectures, an array of fine-grained accelerators is provided for executing kernels, and applications are mapped via configuration of the accelerators into a desired computation pipeline. The two-layer 3-D IC addresses architectures for different application domains, through a generic routing-and-memory (RM) layer and a separate compute-accelerator (CA) layer, which could ultimately be selected at assembly time for different application domains. The RM layer provides a configurable routing network, as well as memory for pipeline buffering and computation scratch pad. The routing network is based on a 2-D mesh with low-swing signaling. The memory is organized as 32 fine-grained (1-kB) SRAM tiles for increased interface parallelism, reduced access energy, and modularity, to interface with different accelerators in the CA layer. Memory-driver and sensing circuits are reused by the low-swing routing network, both for repeaters and to directly load pipeline data into accelerator input buffers. For the prototype, the CA layer is implemented as an array of multiplexers, providing off-chip interfacing to any memory title, thereby enabling different accelerators to be emulated by an off-chip field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The 3-D interconnection is achieved by 8- $\mu \text{m}$ -pitch face-to-face (F2F) vias and wafer-level assembly. For the $2.47\times 3.38$ mm2 two-layer die, implemented in 130-nm CMOS, the total peak memory bandwidth is 9.2 GB/s/mm2. A compute pipeline for computational photography is demonstrated, with the total energy of the accelerators reduced by over 2 $\times $ , by exploiting parallelism enabled by interfaces to fine-grained RM-layer memory.
THE CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECTS OF CHIMERIC ANTIGEN RECEPTOR T-CELLS

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CAR-T) are gene modified and ex-vivoexpanding autologous T cells designed to recognize and attack a specific cell surface antigen; CAR-T has demonstrated significant promise in treating patients with several relapsed or refractory hematologic malignancies. There
Two uranyl-copper(II) bimetallic coordination polymers containing trans-3,3(pyridyl)acrylic acid: Structural variance through synthetic subtleties

Abstract The hydrothermal reaction of the uranyl cation, copper(II), and trans-3,3(pyridyal)acrylic acid (T33PA) has yielded two new bimetallic uranyl containing coordination polymers, (UO2)2(C8H6O2N)6Cu (1) and [(UO2)2(O)(H2O)(C8H6O2N)3CuCl]·H2O (2). Herein we discuss the synthesis, structure, and luminescent properties of the 2D compounds 1 and 2, both of which contain uranyl-copper(II) cation-cation interactions (CCIs) and diminished uranyl emission. Further, compound 2 exhibits a similar architecture to that of a known compound, [(UO2)2Cu(C8H6O2N)3(O)(H2O)]·NO3, formed through nearly identical, yet distinguishing, synthetic conditions. The observed structural differences thereof suggest that subtle changes to synthetic conditions can produce significant and notable structural changes in bimetallic hybrid materials.
Bounds on Vacuum-Orthogonal Lorentz and CPT Violation from Radiative Corrections

Certain forms of Lorentz violation in the photon sector are difficult to bound directly, since they are "vacuum orthogonal," meaning they do not change the solutions of the equations of motion in vacuum. However, these very same terms have a unique tendency to contribute large radiative corrections to effects in other sectors. Making use of this, we set bounds on four previously unconstrained $d=5$ photon operators at the $10^{-25}$-$10^{-31}$ GeV$^{-1}$ levels.
Balluino: High Altitude Balloon/Drone Based Air Pollution and PM 2.5 Monitoring System

Air pollution is the world’s leading cause of environmentally related deaths, and results in tremendous environmental, social and economic costs. Particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 microns or less (so-called PM2.5) is especially harmful to human health because they can penetrate the deeper part of the lungs. Monitoring PM pollutants concentration distribution and understanding their diffusion pattern are essential to evaluate their effects on human health and environment. Traditional PM2.5 air pollution monitoring utilizes stationary ground-mounted air pollution sensors to monitor air pollution in certain fixed locations. However, such stationary air pollution sensing lacks flexibility and can only sense air pollution on the ground surface. In this research, a balloon/drone based aerial platform for remote particulate matter pollutant monitoring is developed. It can measure PM2.5 air pollution in the air at different altitude and trace the diffusion of air pollutants. The data can be transmitted to ground station via wireless communication, and then uploaded to the cloud server. In this way, users can check data online anywhere using computers or smartphones. The proposed aerial platform can also be used for security surveillance, wildlife migration tracking, climate change monitoring, geographical survey, and other potential applications.
The risk of incident extrahepatic cancers is higher in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease than obesity – A longitudinal cohort study

Background & Aims Cancer is a major cause of death in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Obesity is a risk factor for cancers; however, the role of NAFLD in this association is unknown. We investigated the effect of NAFLD versus obesity on incident cancers. Methods We identified all incident cases of NAFLD in a US population between 1997-2016. Individuals with NAFLD were matched by age and sex to referent individuals from the same population (1:3) on the index diagnosis date. We ascertained the incidence of cancer after index date until death, loss to follow-up or study end. NAFLD and cancer were defined using a code-based algorithm with high validity and tested by medical record review. The association between NAFLD or obesity and cancer risk was examined using Poisson regression. Results A total of 4,722 individuals with NAFLD (median age 54, 46% male) and 14,441 age- and sex-matched referent individuals were followed for a median of 8 (range 1–21) years, during which 2,224 incident cancers occurred. NAFLD was associated with 90% higher risk of malignancy: incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 1.9 (95% CI 1.3–2.7). The highest risk increase was noted in liver cancer, IRR = 2.8 (95% CI 1.6–5.1), followed by uterine IRR = 2.3 (95% CI 1.4–4.1), stomach IRR = 2.3 (95% CI 1.3–4.1), pancreas IRR = 2.0 (95% CI 1.2–3.3) and colon cancer IRR = 1.8 (95% CI 1.1–2.8). In reference to non-obese controls, NAFLD was associated with a higher risk of incident cancers (IRR = 2.0, 95% CI 1.5–2.9), while obesity alone was not (IRR = 1.0, 95% CI 0.8–1.4). Conclusions NAFLD was associated with increased cancer risk, particularity of gastrointestinal types. In the absence of NAFLD, the association between obesity and cancer risk is small, suggesting that NAFLD may be a mediator of the obesity-cancer association. Lay summary We studied the incidence of malignancies in a community cohort of adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in reference to age- and sex-matched adults without NAFLD. After 21 years of longitudinal follow-up, NAFLD was associated with a nearly 2-fold increase in the risk of developing cancers, predominantly of the liver, gastrointestinal tract and uterus. The association with increased cancer risk was stronger in NAFLD than obesity.
Lexical dispersion and corpus design

Abstract Lexical dispersion is typically measured across arbitrary corpus parts of equal size. In this study, we apply DA – a new dispersion index designed for unequal-sized corpus parts – to the British National Corpus (BNC) in a series of cases studies to show that the dispersion of a word is strongly influenced by the corpus units or parts it is measured across. Our results show that dispersion should be measured and interpreted based on corpus units that are linguistically meaningful for a particular research goal. We conclude with recommendations to help researchers select meaningful corpus units for measuring and interpreting lexical dispersion.
Open Distal Pancreatectomy

While lesions at the tail of the pancreas may be benign or malignant, they often require resection. When performing a distal pancreatectomy, one can preserve the spleen or perform a combined distal pancreatectomy/spleenectomy. Preservation of the spleen is more technically challenging. One common complication is leak from the transected pancreatic duct. This chapter discusses an open distal pancreatectomy.
Durable Complete Remission of PD-L1 Positive NUT Carcinoma Treated With Concurrent Chemotherapy and Radiation.

Introduction NUT carcinoma is an extremely rare disease and yet extremely aggressive with 2-year survival of only approximately 19% and median survival of 6 to 9 months. Case presentation We report here 2 successfully treated patients with durable complete remission (CR) after concurrent chemotherapy and radiation using 2 completely different chemotherapy regimens. One patient had extremely high tumor burden and obtained CR with ifosfamide and etoposide concurrently with radiation. One patient with low tumor burden obtained CR with carboplatin and paclitaxel concurrently with radiation. Interestingly, both patients had high PD-L1 expression in the tumor that may be associated with the favorable outcome. Conclusion Our experiences with these 2 successfully treated patients offer insight for the management of NUT carcinoma.
A Model for Tacit Communication in Collaborative Human-UAV Search-and-Rescue.

Tacit communication can be exploited in human robot interaction (HRI) scenarios to achieve desirable outcomes. This paper models a particular search and rescue (SAR) scenario as a modified asymmetric rendezvous game, where limited signaling capabilities are present between the two players—rescuer and rescuee. We model our situation as a co-operative Stackelberg signaling game, where the rescuer acts as a leader in signaling its intent to the rescuee. We present an efficient game-theoretic approach to obtain the optimal signaling policy to be employed by the rescuer. We then robustify this approach to uncertainties in the rescue topology and deviations in rescuee behavior. The paper thus introduces a game-theoretic framework to model an HRI scenario with implicit communication capacity.
Other Adults in Young People’s Lives

Participants in the Other Adult category— educators, legal and safety, and community leaders—used a trifocal lens with which to view young people. Through one part of the lens they perceived youth behavior through the requirements and goals of their employer or profession.
A Geochemical Reconnaissance of the Roseland Anorthosite Complex, Virginia, and Comparisons with Andesine Anorthosites from the Grenville Province, Quebec

The occurrence of the Roseland anorthosite in Grenville-aged basement of the Blue Ridge Province of Virginia invites comparison to massif anorthosites of similar age (~1000-1160 Ma) and setting found in the Grenville Province of Quebec (Fig. 1). Indeed, more than 50 years ago, Ross (1941) drew attention to certain similarities between the titanium deposits associated with the Roseland anorthosite and those found with the St. Urbain anorthosite, Quebec. Decades later, Herz (1969) pointed out that the Roseland and St. Urbain bodies are both highly alkalic, each containing antiperthitic andesine as the dominant mineral. Herz (1984) and Herz and Force (1984, 1987) also described a suite of Fe-, Ti-, and P-rich rocks at Roseland, including ferrodiorite and the renowned nelsonites (ilmenite-apatite rocks) of Watson and Taber (1913). Similar suites of “FTP” rocks — some called by different names — are also found at St. Urbain, as well as with virtually all other anorthosites in Quebec.
Chymopapain: IV. The chromatographic fractionation of partially purified chymopapain and the characterization of crystalline chymopapain B

Abstract 1. 1. The partially purified chymopapain fraction from dried papaya latex has been fractionated further by chromatography on Amberlite XE-64 resin and the distribution of proteolytic activity has been studied in greater detail. “Procedure A” resolves the chymopapain fraction into 8 major fractions. 2. 2. In order to compare the properties of the various components, “Procedure B” was developed, which separates the chymopapain fraction into 4 major components. Amino acid content, N-terminal residues, chromatographic behavior, sulfhydryl content and specific activity were determined for each of the 4 components. Although all the fractions show the properties described previously for chymopapain, distinct differences were noted in the chemical and enzymatic properties. 3. 3. The protease designated chymopapain B can be obtained in crystalline form from Fraction VIII by Procedure A and from Fraction IV by Procedure B. The enzyme differs from chymopapain A with respect to N-terminal residue, specific activity, sulfhydryl content and amino acid composition. The crystalline enzyme was shown to be monodisperse electrophoretically, by ultracentrifugation, N-terminal amino acid analysis and rechromatography.
Dynamical Studies of Asteroidal and Cometary Orbits and their Relation to the Origin of Meteorites

Asteroidal and cometary orbits and origin of meteorites, discussing eccentricities, exposure ages and mass yield
SMART: A propositional logic-based trade analysis and risk assessment tool for a complex mission

This paper introduces a new trade analysis software called the Space Mission Architecture and Risk Analysis Tool (SMART). This tool supports a high-level system trade study on a complex mission, such as a potential Mars Sample Return (MSR) mission, in an intuitive and quantitative manner. In a complex mission, a common approach to increase the probability of success is to have redundancy and prepare backups. Quantitatively evaluating the utility of adding redundancy to a system is important but not straightforward, particularly when the failure of parallel subsystems are correlated. SMART offers the unique capability of handling correlated redundancies and accurately evaluating the probability of mission success as well as its sensitivity to the reliability of mission components. It can also perform Monte-Carlo analysis to find the confidence interval of the success probability, total mission cost, and total mass. Additionally, SMART provides a GUI interface based on Matlab/Simulink that allows users to graphically define mission architecture as well as the logical relationship between mission components and outcomes. These analysis capabilities enable to answer questions such as: “for a given upper bound on total cost and mass, on which subsystem should we implement redundancy to maximize the chance of mission success?” Although the focus of SMART is high-level trade analysis, it also provides an interface to detailed models of mission components, allowing to perform an integrated analysis that covers from low-level details to high-level architecture. The analysis capabilities are enabled by our unique propositional logic-based approach. SMART translates the graphical mission model to a propositional logic representation through symbolic computation. We demonstrate SMART's analysis capabilities on a MSR model as well as a model of a fictional mission.
Tales from Kentucky Sheriffs

Reviewed Medium: book Authors: William Lynwood Montell Year: 2011 Pages: 304 Publisher: University Press of Kentucky ISBN: 978-0-8131-3404-8 (hard cover).
Mass communication and para-social interaction; observations on intimacy at a distance.

(1956). Mass Communication and Para-Social Interaction. Psychiatry: Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 215-229.