cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
New palynomorphs from the Ordovician–Silurian boundary interval: Eastern North America and Saudi Arabia

A distinctive coenobial palynomorph, Speculaforma gen. nov., and its two new species, S. delicata and S. elongata, are described from the Llandovery Grimsby Formation, Medina Group, from New York and are part of a more diverse palynomorph assemblage. Speculaforma delicata was also recovered from the Tuscarora Formation, West Virginia, and subsurface Hirnantian sediments in southern Saudi Arabia. Speculaforma is questionably assigned to the Hydrodictyaceae within the order Chlorococcales based on its geometrically regular coenobia. It is considered to be a freshwater or brackish-water alga. Occurring with this coenobium are two new acritarchs, Lunataforma parallela gen. et sp. nov. and Pertusidisca quadripora gen. et sp. nov. These acritarchs have been recovered from near-shore marine settings, in both North America and Saudi Arabia; but in North America Lunataforma was also recovered from sediments considered to represent an open marine environment.
Michelle Reale. The Indispensable Academic Librarian: Teaching and Collaborating for Change. Chicago: American Library Association. 2018. 128p. Paper, $57.00 (ISBN 978-0-8389-1638-4).

Michelle Reale, the author of three other books published by the ALA, including Becoming a Reflective Librarian and Teacher and Becoming an Embedded Librarian , has come out with another book, The Indispensable Academic Librarian: Teaching and Collaborating for Change . An academic librarian at Arcadia University, Reale is a voice that is advocating for the role of the librarian within the higher education environment. In the case of her new book, that voice has grown louder and stronger. Similar to her previous works, Reale explores topics by delving deeply into her own experiences and discussing how she went about implementing programs or collaborating with others to improve her work and impact as an academic librarian.
The History of Adrenocortical Carcinoma Treatment – A Surgical Perspective

The early history of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is obscure because of the rarity of the disease, confusing nomenclature, inability to diagnose before death, ignorance of its hormonal manifestations, and a vague appreciation of its clinical course. Most reported cases in the 19th century were based on autopsy findings, and the tumors were classified by a variety of terms including hypernephroma, sarcoma, fibromyxosarcoma, and carcinoma. The commonly used term, hypernephroma, was first proposed by Grawitz et al. in 1893 and falsely assumed that tumors arose in rests of adrenocortical tissue within the kidney [1]. This concept was reinforced by Felix Birch-Hirchfield who used it to define benign and malignant tumors of both adrenals and kidneys, some with apparent hormonal disturbances [2]. The designation of hypernephroma for some adrenal tumors persisted in the literature until the 1940s; later it became restricted to what is now referred to as renal cell cancer [3–8].
Human Aggression Across the Lifespan: Genetic Propensities and Environmental Moderators

This chapter reviews the recent evidence of genetic and environmental influences on human aggression. Findings from a large selection of the twin and adoption studies that have investigated the genetic and environmental architecture of aggressive behavior are summarized. These studies together show that about half (50%) of the variance in aggressive behavior is explained by genetic influences in both males and females, with the remaining 50% of the variance being explained by environmental factors not shared by family members. Form of aggression (reactive, proactive, direct/physical, indirect/relational), method of assessment (laboratory observation, self-report, ratings by parents and teachers), and age of the subjects—all seem to be significant moderators of the magnitude of genetic and environmental influences on aggressive behavior. Neither study design (twin vs. sibling adoption design) nor sex (male vs. female) seems to impact the magnitude of the genetic and environmental influences on aggression. There is also some evidence of gene-environment interaction (G × E) from both twin/adoption studies and molecular genetic studies. Various measures of family adversity and social disadvantage have been found to moderate genetic influences on aggressive behavior. Findings from these G × E studies suggest that not all individuals will be affected to the same degree by experiences and exposures, and that genetic predispositions may have different effects depending on the environment.
Hydrogen embrittlement of high strength steels

Abstract: This chapter reviews experimental studies of the hydrogen embrittlement of high strength steels. The focus has been on six types of steel, having distinctly different microstructures. The six steel types are the low alloy steels, high toughness secondary hardening steels such as AF1410, hot work die steels, martensitic secondary hardening stainless steels, maraging steels and precipitation strengthened martensitic stainless steels. The susceptibilities of these classes of steel to hydrogen embrittlement as measured by the effects of hydrogen on fracture initiation and subsequent crack growth are discussed when the steels are tested in hydrogen gas, when the hydrogen has been introduced by charging and when the hydrogen embrittlement is associated with stress corrosion cracking in distilled water or salt water.
Monitoring and Modeling of Passive Solar Buildings

Amongst, the major barriers for commercialization of passive solar technologies for buildings is the lack of quantitative performance information. Further development of these technologies requires even more detailed measured data. The availability of high quality quantitative performance data has, in the past, always lead to significant advances in the state of the art for passive solar applications. Until recently, such data has been limited to certain types of systems in specific climate types. Fortunately during the last five years or so, researchers in all parts of the world have put in a considerable amount of talent and effort to overcome some of these difficulties. Monitoring methodologies for research and commercialization data have been developed and tested in field using large building stocks in a variety of weather patterns.
Oxygen sensing heme proteins: monoxygenases, myoglobin and hemoglobin.

Heme iron in the ferrous state is one of nature’s best di-oxygen sensors.1 A wide variety of protein structural environments incorporate heme and permit either oxygen binding, single electron redox processes, or both. The oxygen transport proteins myoglobin (Mb) and hemoglobin (Hb), for example, alternately bind and release oxygen. The P450 oxygenase2,3 heme proteins and cytochrome c oxidase, also bind oxygen in their biological role and, in addition, shuttle heme in a ferric-ferrous reduction and. reoxidation cycle. The cytochromes, in contrast, do not accept small molecules as a heme axial ligand as both available positions are occupied by amino acid residues from the primary protein structure. The sole function of these proteins is electron transfer by univalent ferric-ferrous redox processes, which are often coupled with energy storage for cellular work. A unique additional property of monoxygenase proteins (as well as the deoxygenases which will not be discussed in this paper) is the sensing of carbon substrates in addition to oxygen.
Episodic future thinking and grocery shopping online.

Abstract Grocery shopping shapes the home food environment, which can contribute to the development of obesity. Episodic future thinking (EFT) helps adults make healthier decisions by initiating prospective thinking, which guides one to forego smaller immediate rewards in favor of larger delayed rewards. EFT could help parents improve grocery purchases thereby improving the home food environment and family eating behaviors. The effect of EFT on food shopping was evaluated in two studies with mothers who were overweight/obese and primary household shoppers. In Study 1, 24 mothers were randomized to goal-directed process EFT versus a money saving control. In Study 2, 33 mothers were randomized to goal-directed process EFT, general EFT, or an episodic recent thinking (ERT) control. Following cue generation, participants completed a task where they purchased one week of groceries from an online store. Food purchases were analyzed for calories purchased per family member. In Study 1 the goal-directed process EFT group purchased fewer calories per person (F(1, 23) = 25.16, p
Research on Efficacy of Special Education for the Mentally Retarded

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses about the research on efficacy of special education for the mentally retarded. A review of the studies of special educational intervention for the educable (EMR) and trainable (TMR) mentally retarded children is described. In the chapter, published studies and government project reports as well as selected unpublished doctoral dissertations are discussed. The chapter discusses descriptions, general results, and conclusions of the studies. The studies are viewed from a chronological perspective in order to assess methodological changes that have occurred over the past 40 years. Included are studies that span the period from 1936 to the present time. The chapter deals with some of the key experimental variables that need to be considered in attempting to assess the methodological soundness of the studies. It suggests some future directions of research on efficacy. Three general classes of variables are discussed in the chapter, with specific recommendations on techniques for reducing uncontrolled sources of variance. The variables discussed include teacher selection, standardization of curriculum, and use of measuring and evaluation instruments.
An Evaluation of PROMIS Health Domains in Sarcoma Patients Compared to the United States Population.

Background. The Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) is a patient-directed system that allows comparisons across medical conditions. With this tool, comparisons can now be made between rare conditions, such as sarcomas, and more common ailments, of the United States general population. This allows comparisons between rare conditions, such as sarcomas, to more common ailments, or even the United States (US) general population. Objectives. Our purpose was to use PROMIS to compare outcomes in patients that had undergone resection of a nonmetastatic sarcoma to the US population. Methods. One hundred thirty-eight patients were included in the analysis. These patients were divided into early ( 2 years). Results. We evaluated results from seven health domains and found significantly lower scores in the physical function and depression domains. These differences were present in both the early and late cohorts when compared to the US population. Conclusion. While physical function was found to be worse in the sarcoma cohorts, we observed significantly improved levels of depression in these patients when compared to the US population. This finding was maintained over time and is an important reminder that a patient’s goals and desires change following a cancer diagnosis and must be taken into consideration when planning treatment and determining a successful outcome.
World population crisis

While population growth may seem to be an abrupt departure from the Bulletins usual themes of international conflict and the threat of nuclear war the population issue has considerable relevance to these themes. Rapid population growth rising competition for resources and increasing environmental deterioration are intertwined factors in the human predicament that feed the political tensions and conflicts of the late 20th century. Humanity is now able to support itself only by consuming its capital of fossil fuels minerals agricultural soils and fresh water. While exploiting this capital subsidy civilization is continually downgrading the systems that supply its income. Population growth clearly will soon carry homo sapiens past the limits of Earths short-term human carrying capacity and a population crash will ensue. That growing numbers of people are deleterious can be seen in the increased costs of supplying them with goods. Each additional person on average must be cared for by using lower quality resources that must be transported further and by food grown on more marginal ground. Although population growth rates are highest in poor countries overpopulation and continuing population growth in rich countries are the prime threat to global resources and environmental systems because individuals in rich countries use more resources. The population component is often ignored in discussions of the human predicament because evolutionary success has meant outbreeding your friends and neighbors. There is no longer any substitute for analysis; the world can no longer afford to believe such myths as that economic growth can be infinite contraception is immoral and more nuclear weapons will prevent nuclear war. Education must be focused on teaching people the physical and biological constraints on human activities.
Scheduling Multiple Agents in a Persistent Monitoring Task Using Reachability Analysis

We consider the problem of controlling the dynamic state of each of a finite collection of targets distributed in physical space using a much smaller collection of mobile agents. Each agent can attend to no more than one target at a given time, thus agents must move between targets to control the collective state, implying that the states of each of the individual targets are only controlled intermittently. We assume that the state dynamics of each of the targets are given by a linear, time-invariant, controllable system, and develop conditions on the visiting schedules of the agents to ensure that the property of controllability is maintained in the face of the intermittent control. We then introduce constraints on the magnitude of the control input and a bounded disturbance into the target dynamics and develop a method to evaluate system performance under this scenario. Finally, we use this method to determine how the amount of time the agents spend at a given target, before switching to the next in its sequence, influences the control of the states of the entire collection of targets.
Optimum timing of propiconazole to manage narrow brown leaf spot in the main and ratoon rice crops in Texas

Abstract Narrow brown leaf spot (NBLS) is a foliar disease of rice caused by Cercospora janseana. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of frequency and timing of propiconazole (PropiMax) applications on rice NBLS severity and grain yield in the main and ratoon (second) crops. Field experiments were established at Eagle Lake and Beaumont, Texas in the years 2010–2012 and 2014 to 2016 respectively. The Eagle Lake trials evaluated two rates of propiconazole (0.16 and 0.32 kg a.i. ha−1) at two application timings (boot and heading growth stages) on the main crop, in combination with or without a single application at the boot stage on the ratoon crop. The Beaumont trials evaluated four main crop application timings (7 days after panicle differentiation, boot, heading, and 7 days after heading) at 0.32 kg a.i. ha−1 in combination with a single application at boot stage on the ratoon crop. Fungicide application frequency of up to three main-crop applications with a single ratoon-crop application was also evaluated in the Beaumont trials. NBLS severity on the rice flag leaves was visually evaluated prior to harvest in the main and ratoon crops. At both locations, fungicide treatments significantly reduced NBLS severity in the main and ratoon crops compared to the non-sprayed control in each of year evaluated. Among the single fungicide application treatments, NBLS severity in the main crop was consistently lower when the fungicide was applied at the heading stage than at any other application stages. Fungicide application at any stage of the main crop significantly reduced NBLS severity in the ratoon crop. An additional fungicide application at the boot stage of the ratoon crop further reduced NBLS severity in four of the six seasons tested. In the Eagle Lake trials, both rates of the fungicide evaluated were comparable in their efficacy in reducing NBLS severity. In Beaumont trials, where multiple fungicide applications were evaluated, main-crop NBLS severity decreased as the number of applications increased. At these low to moderate NBLS severity levels, rice grain yields were not significantly affected, at either of the locations.
The Popeye domain containing gene family encoding a family of cAMP-effector proteins with important functions in striated muscle and beyond

The Popeye domain containing (POPDC) gene family encodes a novel class of membrane-bound cyclic AMP effector proteins. POPDC proteins are abundantly expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscle. Consistent with its predominant expression in striated muscle, Popdc1 and Popdc2 null mutants in mouse and zebrafish develop cardiac arrhythmia and muscular dystrophy. Likewise, mutations in POPDC genes in patients have been associated with cardiac arrhythmia and muscular dystrophy phenotypes. A membrane trafficking function has been identified in this context. POPDC proteins have also been linked to tumour formation. Here, POPDC1 plays a role as a tumour suppressor by limiting c-Myc and WNT signalling. Currently, a common functional link between POPDC's role in striated muscle and as a tumour suppressor is lacking. We also discuss several alternative working models to better understand POPDC protein function.
CORALES GUARDERÍA: SOBRE EXTINCIÓN, CAPACIDADES Y FORMA

espanolEste escrito contribuye a la divulgacion de dos cuerpos de literatura al publico hispanohablante: estudios sociales de la extincion y la «capacidad de responder». Argumenta que los estudios sociales de la extincion enfatizan la violencia y el sufrimiento como la principal conexion entre humanos y otros animales extintos y amenazados. Inspirada en filosofas feministas como Vinciane Despret y Donna Haraway, quienes cuentan historias de animales capaces de responder y no simplemente de reaccionar, este escrito pregunta que mas hay en los procesos de extincion ademas de sufrimiento y de violencia. Esta aproximacion es importante en cuanto invita respuestas individuales y colectivas que pasan mas por la curiosidad que por la culpa y la lastima. Esta propuesta es inseparable de la escritura creativa que permite contar corales que hoy son guarderia. Estos mundos marinos estan haciendo algo mas que simplemente desaparecer. Son las formas materiales de redes de vida humana subacuatica. EnglishThis paper helps spread two bodies of literature among a Spanish speaking audience, that is, social studies of extinction and ‘response-ability’. It argues that social studies on extinction highlight violence and suffering as the primary connection between humans and other extinct and endangered animals. Inspired in feminist philosophers, such as Vinciane Despret and Donna Haraway, both of whom tell stories of animals who are able to respond rather than merely reacting, this paper asks what else we can find in processes of extinction besides suffering and violence. This approach is important as it calls for individual and collective responses sprang from curiosity rather than guilt and pity. This proposal go hand in hand with creative writing, which enables telling about corals that have become nurseries. It suggests that these sea worlds might be doing more than simply disappearing. They are also the material shapes taken by underwater human living networks
Rectal wall saline displacement for improved margin during MRI-guided cryoablation of primary and recurrent prostate cancer.

PURPOSE To describe safety, efficacy, and added oncologic margin of saline displacement of the rectal wall during MRI-guided cryoablation of primary and recurrent prostate cancer. METHODS A retrospective review was conducted for patients who underwent MRI-guided cryoablation with saline displacement of the rectal wall for treatment of primary and recurrent prostate cancer over a 2-year period. Saline displacement was used when the distance from the edge of the ablation area to the rectal wall was insufficient to provide at least a 5-mm treatment margin. Pre- and post-ablation rectal wall displacement distances as well as ablative zone margins were assessed with MRI. Saline displacement distance was measured from the rectal wall to the edge of the lesion for focal lesion ablation and from the edge of the prostate for hemi-gland ablation. Immediate and intermediate-term complications were assessed. RESULTS Saline displacement was used in 25 patients undergoing MRI-guided cryoablation. Twenty-one patients underwent salvage cryoablation, while four patients had it as primary treatment for prostate cancer. Median pre- and post- saline displacement rectal wall displacement distances were 6.0 and 11.2 mm, respectively (P < 0.0001). Median-added oncologic margin achieved by saline displacement was 4.6 mm (range 0.6-26.5). Median follow-up was 14 months (range 5-29). There were no intra-procedural complications and 3 patients experienced minor (Clavien-Dindo grade I) complications. One rectal complication occurred in a patient undergoing salvage cryotherapy with a history of extensive pelvic surgery and radiation. CONCLUSIONS Saline infusion at the time of MRI- guided cryoablation for prostate cancer resulted in increased distances between the target lesion and rectum. This is a useful technique in providing an added oncologic margin when treating lesions close to the rectal wall.
Draft Whole-Genome Sequence of a Novel Chryseobacterium viscerum Strain Isolated from Fresh Water at Dripping Springs, New Mexico.

ABSTRACT We sequenced the genome of a bacterial species recently isolated from fresh water at Dripping Springs, NM, and identified it as Chryseobacterium viscerum. This species had previously been isolated only from dead or diseased fish. This report shows that C. viscerum can be found in nature as a free-living species not associated with diseased fish.
Crowd or Hubs: information diffusion patterns in online social networks in disasters

Abstract The objective of this paper is to investigate the role of different types of users in the diffusion of situational information through online social networks in disasters. In particular, this paper investigates the influence of two types of users: crowd (regular users) and hubs (users with a large number of followers) on the speed and magnitude of information propagation. Effective and efficient disaster response requires rapid dissemination of situational information to improve situation awareness, save lives, and quickly repair damages. The use of social media, such as Twitter, has gained popularity for spreading the situational information in disasters. Little is known, however, regarding the underlying diffusion mechanisms influencing the speed and magnitude of spreading disaster-related information on social media. To address this gap, using tweets related to Hurricane Harvey, this study examined the role of hubs and crowd and the influence of different features such as theme, hashtag, media, users’ location, and the intervention timing of online users on the speed and magnitude of information spread. The results compare the differences in the speed and magnitude of information spread between two diffusion patterns: crowd diffusion (less than 2% retweets from hubs) and mixed diffusion (more than 2% retweets from hubs). The findings suggest that both diffusion patterns can achieve high speed and high magnitude in terms of information diffusion for trending tweets with different features. For mixed diffusion, the speed and magnitude of the tweets are governed by the activities of hubs. The results also show that early intervention of hubs increases the speed of information propagation. Also, in the crowd diffusion, information spread is influenced by both crowd and hubs whose retweets cause tipping points in the information diffusion process at different points of time. The findings imply intervention strategies to better disseminate situational information in disasters.
Ultrafast mode-locked frequency microcombs: fundamentals and precision metrology (Conference Presentation)

In this talk, first, we describe chip-scale coherent mode-locking in microresonator frequency combs, verified by interferometric femtosecond timing jitter measurements and phase-resolved ultrafast spectroscopy. Normal dispersion sub-100-fs mode-locking is also observed, supporting by nonlinear modeling and analytics. Second we describe the noise limits in full microcomb stabilization, locking down both repetition rate and one comb line against a reference. Active stabilization improves the long-term stability to an instrument-limited residual instability of 3.6 mHz per root tau and a tooth-to-tooth relative frequency uncertainty down to 50 mHz and 2.7×10−16. Third we describe graphene-silicon nitride hybrid microresonators for tunable frequency modes, variants of soliton mode-locked states and crystals, and controllable Cerenkov radiation. Our studies provide a platform towards precision spectroscopy, frequency metrology, timing clocks, and coherent communications.
The Dark Side of Unikernels for Machine Learning

This paper analyzes the shortcomings of unikernels as a method of deployment for machine learning inferencing applications as well as provides insights and analysis on future work in this space. The findings of this paper advocate for a tool to enable management of dependent libraries in a unikernel to enable a more ergonomic build process as well as take advantage of the inherent security and performance benefits of unikernels.
canvasDesigner2: An enhanced interactive publication-quality composite figure designing tool

Summary: We developed the 2nd generation of a feature-rich bioinformatics and systems biology figure design tool that takes high-resolution images in various formats, mainly SVG to produce one multi-panel publication-quality composite figure in both PDF and interactive HTML formats. Availability: The tool and detailed user guide are available at https://baohongz.github.io/canvasDesigner2 while the source code is provided at https://github.com/baohongz/canvasDesigner2. Contact: baohong.zhang@biogen.com, kejie.li@biogen.com Supplementary information: Supplementary materials are available at https://bit.ly/2TeLB5M.
Assessment of home care aides’ respiratory exposure to total volatile organic compounds and chlorine during simulated bathroom cleaning: An experimental design with conventional and “green” products

Home care (HC) aide visits to clients’ homes often involve cleaning and disinfecting (C&D) bathrooms. Some ingredients in C&D household products are associated with respiratory illness, including s...
The African Diáspora: Brazil and the United States

A diaspora africana foi impulsionada pelo comercio de escravos que desmantelou velhos padroes de desenvolvimento historico e social na Africa e criou, sob significativa coacao, um complexo conjunto de novas historias, novas culturas, novas sociedades e novos grupos etnicos/raciais nas Americas. Estas novas historias e sociedades foram moldadas pela interacao de varios fatores importantes: a natureza da economia colonial e da necessidade de trabalho escravo; a populacao dos europeus residentes comparada a de escravos africanos; as regioes da Africa de onde os africanos escravizados foram retirados; a taxa de sobrevivencia dos nativos americanos em uma determinada regiao; e em alguns casos, a religiao e outras peculiaridades culturais do pais colonizador. Em cada colonia, o valor de cada variavel foi diferente, criando uma serie de equacoes sociais complexas e uma fascinante mistura de semelhancas e diferencas na paisagem racial do hemisferio ocidental. Minha apresentacao vai comparar a Diaspora Africana para o Brasil e os Estados Unidos, e seu legado em ambas as nacoes modernas. The African Diaspora was driven by slave trade that shattered old patterns of historical and social development in Africa and created, under significant duress, a complex array of new histories, new cultures, new societies and new racial/ethnic groups in the Americas. These new histories and societies were shaped by the interaction of several key factors: the nature of the colonial economy and the need for bound labor; the population of resident Europeans relative to that of enslaved Africans; the regions of Africa from which enslaved Africans were drawn; the survival rate of the Native Americans in a given region; and in some cases, the religion and other cultural peculiarities of the colonizing country. In each colony, the value of each variable was different-creating a host of complex social equations and a fascinating blend of similarities and differences across the racial landscape of the western hemisphere. My presentation will compare the African Diaspora to Brazil and the United States-and its legacy in both modern nations.
Building a Framework for Engineering Design Experiences in High School.

Not all students will become engineers or pursue engineering careers after completing high school but all students can benefit from having engineering design experiences in high school (Wicklein, 2006; Apedoe, Reynolds, Ellefson, & Schunn, 2008; National Academy of Engineering and National Research Council, 2009). The teaching of engineering design at the secondary level can help students develop critical-thinking and teambuilding skills and provides a platform for the integration of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) subjects (Wicklein, 2006). Furthermore, the teaching of design in high school settings has several cognitive advantages including developing engineering habits of mind, problem-solving skills, and the development of system thinking skills (Householder & Hailey, 2012). Although researchers and curriculum developers agree on the benefits of introducing engineering design into high school settings, there is a lack of literature proffering a framework or structure for the successful infusion of engineering design experiences in high school settings.
Development of a Family-School Intervention for Young Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Although numerous studies have evaluated the effectiveness of multi-modal psychosocial interventions for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, these programs are limited in that there has not beeti an explicit focus on the connection between fatnily and school. This study was designed to develop and pilot test a family-school ititervention, Family-School Success-Early Elementary (FSS-EE), for kindergarten and first-grade studetits with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Key components of FSS-EE were family-school behavioral consultatioti, daily report cards, and strategies to improve parent-child relationships atid family involvement in educatioti. FSS-EE was developed using a multistep iterative process. The piloted version consisted of 12 weekly sessions including 6 group meetings, 4 individualized family sessions, and 2 school-based consultations. Families participating in the study were given the choice of placing their childreti on medication; 25% of children were on medication at the time of random assignmetit. Childreti (n = 61) were randomly assigned to FSS-EE or a comparison group controlling for nonspecific treatment effects. Outcomes were assessed at post interventioti and 2-month follow-up. Study findings indicated that FSS-EE was feasible to implement and acceptable to paretits atid teachers. In addition, the findings provided preliminary evidence that FSS-EE is effective in improving parenting practices, child behavior at school, and the student-teacher relationship.
Learning Disorders and Learning Disabilities: A Logical and Socio-Political Puzzle.

Abstract Since the introduction of the concept of learning disabilities into school psychology and special education, lack of clarity continues as to the precise terminology and classification. The problem of terminology to logical and socio-political issues is complex. This article reviews complex logical and socio-political issues of learning disabilities as they relate to current educational and social realities.
Critical Coefficient of Friction of In-Vitro Spoiled Soft Contact Lenses

Author(s): Peng, Cheng-Chun; Lim, Paul S; Chong, Halbert; Dursch, Thomas J; Radke, Clayton J
Two Algorithms for Inducing Structural Equation Models from Data

We present two algorithms for inducing structural equation models from data. Assuming no latent variables, these models have a causal interpretation and their parameters may be estimated by linear multiple regression. Our algorithms are comparable with PC and IC, which rely on conditional indepen- dence. We present the algorithms and empirical comparisons with PC and IC.
RETHINKING THE COLD WAR AND DECOLONIZATION: THE GRAND STRATEGY OF THE ALGERIAN WAR FOR INDEPENDENCE

October and November 1960 were two of the coldest months of the Cold War. Continuing tensions over Berlin and the nuclear balance were exacerbated by crises in Laos, Congo, and—for the first time—France's rebellious departements in Algeria. During Nikita Khrushchev's table-pounding visit to the United Nations, he embraced Belkacem Krim, the foreign minister of the Gouvernement Provisoire de la Republique Algerienne (GPRA). After mugging for the cameras at the Soviet estate in Glen Cove, New York, Khrushchev confirmed that this constituted de facto recognition of the provisional government and pledged all possible aid. Meanwhile, in Beijing, President Ferhat Abbas delivered the GPRA's first formal request for Chinese “volunteers.” U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower asked his National Security Council “whether such intervention would not mean war.” The council agreed that if communist regulars infiltrated Algeria, the United States would be bound by the North Atlantic Treaty to come to the aid of French President Charles de Gaulle and his beleaguered government. After six years of insurgency, Algeria appeared to be on the brink of becoming a Cold War battleground.1
Race and Ethnic Disparities in Cervical Cancer Screening in a Safety-Net System

Objectives: The three objectives of this research were: 1) to examine the use of Pap smear tests among low-income women, including minority and immigrant women who were patients in a safety-net healthcare system; 2) to identify policy relevant variables that could lead to changes in use of Pap smear screening services for these women; and 3) to contribute to the literature on use of Pap smear screening, especially among minorities and immigrants. The Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations was used as the theoretical framework. Methods: Pap smear screening predictors were examined using telephone interviews with a random sample of women aged 18–60, including 465 Non-Hispanic Whites, 285 African Americans, 164 Hispanic Americans, and 256 Hispanic immigrants, enrolled in a safety-net healthcare system in Texas in Fall 2000. Binary logistic regression analysis was used. Results: The research revealed that Non-Hispanic Whites were most likely to have been screened ever and in the past 3 years, followed by African Americans, Hispanic immigrants, and Hispanic Americans. Among Hispanics, immigrants were most likely to have had Pap smear screening, supporting the “healthy immigrant hypothesis.” Older women were most likely to have ever been screened, with younger women, most likely in the past year. Having a usual source of healthcare and a checkup for current pregnancy increased screening, while competing needs (food, clothing, housing) affected screening negatively. Conclusions: Culturally competent, community-based care for women is needed to increase Pap smear screening among minority groups, especially Hispanic immigrant and Hispanic American women.
System-Level Energy Management for Periodic Real-Time Tasks

In this paper, we consider the system-wide energy management problem for a set of periodic real-time tasks running on a DVS-enabled processor. Our solution uses a generalized power model, in which frequency-dependent and frequency-independent power components are explicitly considered. Further, variations in power dissipations and on-chip/off-chip access patterns of different tasks are encoded in the problem formulation. Using this generalized power model, we show that it is possible to obtain analytically the task-level energy-efficient speed below which DVS starts to affect overall energy consumption negatively. Then, we formulate the system-wide energy management problem as a non-linear optimization problem and provide a polynomial-time solution. We also provide a dynamic slack reclaiming extension which considers the effects of slow-down on the system-wide energy consumption. Our experimental evaluation shows that the optimal solution provides significant (up to 50%) gains over the previous solutions that focused on dynamic CPU power at the expense of ignoring other power components
Building Accountable Smart Grids in Neighborhood Area Networks

Non-repudiation is one of the challenges in smart grids. A malicious smart meter is capable of compromising the power readings without being detected since it may be the only device to measure the electricity service amount in local. This kind of attack can cause financial loss due to incorrect readings and bring dispute between the power provider and the subscriber. In this paper, we address the non-repudiation problem with respect to accountability in the neighborhood area smart grids. We propose a mutual inspection strategy which can detect problematic smart meters and prevent further financial loss. Our evaluation results show that this scheme can be effectively applied to smart grids.
Characterization of MoO3 nanorods for lithium battery using PVP as a surfactant

We synthesized MoO3 nanorods using poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) as a surfactant through the hydrothermal route for making a cathode for a lithium battery. Scanning electron microscopy images reveal the structures to have dimensions on the order of 1–10 μm in length and 50–200 nm in diameter. Analytical techniques such as X-ray diffractometry, Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and cyclic voltammetry were used to characterize the nanorods. The measured specific charge of MoO3 nanorods prepared through a 15-day hydrothermal reaction was 156 mAhg−1 during the initial discharge process.
Effect of pre-eclampsia on plasma cholinesterase activity.

On a determine ľactivite de la cholinesterase plasmatique chez 11 femmes en sante, 11 femmes en sante etant au terme de leur grossesse, et 11 femmes preeclamptiques etant au terme de leur grossesse, en utilisant une method colorimetrlque. Ľactivite moyenne de la cholinesterase plasmatique pour les femmes en same, les femmes enceintes en sante et les femmes enceintes preedamptiques elait de438 ± 81,257 ± 25 et 173 ± 18 unites par ml, respectivement. Nos donnees laissent entendre que ľactivite de la cholinesterase plasmatique est reduite de facon significative chez les femmes enceintes preedamptiques en comparaison a celle des femmes en sante (p < 0.001) et a celle des femmes enceintes en sante (p < 0.001).
(Anti?) Colonial Women Writing War

This paper examines the wartime literature of Sarah Selwyn, Mary Ann Martin, and Caroline Abraham, all wives of prominent church and government men in colonial Aotearoa/New Zealand. Along with their husbands these women became leading participants in the “pamphlet war” surrounding the justice and legality of the colonial government's survey and confiscation of Māori land at Taranaki, c. 1850–1860. I analyze the socio-spatial frameworks of these colonial women, linking them with their protest narratives of the Taranaki confiscations and ensuing war. The anti-colonial position articulated by these women must be viewed within the context of ideological constraints on women's participation in public life, but also within the context of expanded social and spatial boundaries of such high-placed colonials, the gendered space of the episcopal residences during wartime, the women's networks of communication, and their material and discursive links to public arguments taking place in England over colonial conflicts.
Histones and chromatin structure in hyperthermophilic Archaea

Abstract HMf is a histone from the hyperthermophile Methanothermus fervidus . It is the archetype and most studied member of a family of archaeal histones that have primary sequences and three-dimensional structures in common with the eukaryal nucleosome core histones and that bind and compact DNA molecules into nucleosome-like structures (NLS). HMf preparations are mixtures of two similar, small (∼7.5 kDa) polypeptides designated HMfA and HMfB that in vivo form both homodimers and heterodimers. HMfA synthesis predominates during exponential growth but the relative amount of HMfB increases as M. fervidus cells enter the stationary growth phase. Analyses of homogeneous preparations of recombinant (r) (HMfA) 2 and (rHMfB) 2 have demonstrated that these proteins have different DNA-binding and compaction properties in vitro, consistent with different roles in vivo for the (HMfA) 2 , (HMfB) 2 and HMfA · HMfB dimers, and for the NLS that they form, in regulating gene expression and in genome compaction and stability.
How much do we know about drug handling by SLC and ABC drug transporters in children

Although solute carrier (SLC) and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are critical to the absorption, distribution, and elimination of many small-molecule drugs in children, how these transporters regulate pediatric drug handling remains unclear. For proper dosing and to diminish toxicity, we need a better understanding of how organ development and functional maturation, as well as developmental changes in systemic physiology, impact transporter-mediated drug handling at pediatric developmental stages from the preterm infant through adolescence. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2013); 94 1, 27–29. doi:10.1038/clpt.2013.82
Bacteriology and sterilization of calf aortic valve heterografts.

he use of aortic valve heterografts may offer several advantages over artificial prostheses and homografts in the surgical correcT tion of aortic valve dysfunction. Sheep, hog, and calf aortic valves are remarkably similar in size and structure to those of man, and have been used interchangeably both in the laboratory animal and in the human subject [2, 41. The object of the present investigation was to determine the nature of the bacterial flora present on valves removed from donor animals by aseptic and routine autopsy procedures in order to develop a simple and reliable technique for valve sterilization. We were seeking a sterilization technique that would have a wide margin of safety and would in no way impair the structural integrity of the transplanted valves. The calf was selected as the donor species primarily because of its ready availability in this geographic area.
A fortuitous combination of circumstances

In this issue of Blood , Larocca et al report encouraging data on the 3-drug combination of cyclophosphamide, pomalidomide, and prednisone among relapsed myeloma patients, for a “fortuitous combination,” as Charles Dickens wrote in Our Mutual Friend .[1][1] Cyclophosphamide is one of the oldest
International fantasy and the “New Chinese cinema”

(1993). International fantasy and the “New Chinese cinema”. Quarterly Review of Film and Video: Vol. 14, Mediating the National, pp. 95-107.
Low levels of arsenic trioxide stimulate proliferative signals in primary vascular cells without activating stress effector pathways.

Chronic human exposure to low levels of inorganic arsenic increases the incidence of vascular diseases and specific cancers. Exposure of endothelial cells to environmentally relevant concentrations of arsenic trioxide (arsenite) induces oxidant formation, activates the transcription factor NF-κB, and increases DNA synthesis (Barchowsky et al., Free Radic. Biol. Med. 21, 783–790, 1996). We show, in the current study, that arsenite induces concentration-dependent cell proliferation or death in primary porcine aortic endothelial cells. Low concentrations caused cell proliferation and were associated with increased superoxide and H2O2 accumulation, cSrc activity, H2O2-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation, and NF-κB-dependent transcription. These concentrations were insufficient to activate MAP kinases. However, the MAP kinases, extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38, were activated in response to levels of arsenite that caused cell death. These data suggest that arsenite-induced oxidant accumulation and subsequent activation of tyrosine phosphorylation represent a MAPK-independent pathway for phenotypic change and proliferation in vascular cells.
Effects of diabatic heating on the ageostrophic circulation of an upper tropospheric jet streak

Interaction between the mass circulation within a mesoscale convective complex (MCC) and a direct mass circulation in the entrance region of an upper tropospheric polar jet streak was examined within the isentropic structure to investigate mechanisms responsible for linking these two scales of motion. The results establish that latent heating in the MCC modifies the direct mass circulation in the jet streak entrance region through the diabatically induced components of ageostrophic motion analyzed within isentropic coordinates. Within the strong mesoscale mass circulation of each MCC, strong horizontal mass flux convergence into the MCC at low levels is balanced by strong horizontal mass flux divergence away from the convergence at upper levels. Locations of large diabatic heating rates correspond well to the MCC position for each case; diabatic heating forces the upward vertical branch for the mesoscale mass circulation.
An evaluation of total nodal irradiation as treatment for stage III A Hodgkin's disease.

Between April 1969 and December 1974, 37 patients with surgically staged III A Hodgkin's disease were treated with total nodal irradiation (TNI). Their probability of relapse-free survival at 7 years is 51% and overall survival 82% with the majority of patients remaining disease free after retreatment with MOPP (10 of 16). In contrast, 21 stage III B patients treated with TNI and MOPP chemotherapy over the same time period have a relapse-free survival of 74% and overall survival of 91%. Because of superior results in treating stage III B patients with combined modality treatment, we feel that a relapse-free survival of 51% may not justify continuation of TNI as the only modality of treatment for patients with stage III A disease, and we have initiated a trial of combined radiation therapy and MOPP chemotherapy in these patients. The most effective treatment of stage III A Hodgkin's disease, however, remains uncertain and depends both on the ultimate risk of combined modality treatment and the success of retreatment following relapse after radiation.
Selling electrical safety in your organization

Statistically, electricity is one of the most dangerous hazards in the workplace. So why is it so hard to convince some managers and executives to prioritize vital programs that could save lives, save money, ensure process uptime, increase and protect profitability? The reason is simple: people and organizations only change when they are sufficiently motivated, or when change is forced upon them. Therefore, without the ability to force change, one who wishes to effect change, must learn how to effectively motivate, or “sell” their ideas up the chain of command. This paper will highlight the basics of effective sales, so that the reader can be a more effective change agent.
INVESTIGATIONS OF THE REACTION OF PENTACOVALENT OXAPHOSPHLENES WITH ISOCYANATES. SYNTHETIC AND MECHANISTIC ASPECTS

The reaction of the pentacovalent oxaphospholene 1 with isocyanates to produce the heterocycle 2 was followed by NMR in order to delineate the mechanism. The addition of 1 and 2 eq. of an isocyanate to 1 indicated very fast formation of 2 long-lived species that slowly rearranged to product. Cross-over experiments using 2 different isocyanates indicated the very fast formation of a statistical mixture of all 4 products 4–7. Kinetic analysis of the data was performed.