cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Dosing guidelines, not protocols, for managing warfarin therapy

Beginning in 2009, the Joint Commission implemented National Patient Safety Goal (NPSG) 3E (now called NPSG 03.05.01) to “reduce the likelihood of harm associated with the use of anticoagulation therapy.”[1][1] One of the elements of performance of this goal is that hospitals “use approved
On the relevance of long term correlation in MPEG-1 video traffic

Variable Bit Rate, VBR, video is expected to become increasingly important with the large scale deployment of Broadband-Integrated Services Networks, B-ISDNs, over the next few years. Although the modeling of VBR video sources has recently received significant attention, there is currently no widely accepted model which lends itself to mathematical analysis. Furthermore, new video compression standards, such as the MPEG family, are emerging. On the basis of results of a detailed statistical analysis of a long sample of a movie encoded with the MPEG-1 algorithm, an analytically tractable model is developed and analyzed in detail. The model is able to capture both the distributional and temporal characteristics of this kind of traffic. The model was validated using a two-hour long sequence generated by the MPEG coding of the movie "Star Wars". We show that our model is a flexible tool to study network issues such as bandwidth allocation and statistical multiplexing.
Performance characterization of a novel thin position-sensitive avalanche photodiode-based detector for high resolution PET

We are developing advanced dedicated breast and small animal positron emission tomography (PET) systems with detectors comprising arrays of 1times1times3 mm3 LSO crystals coupled to novel, extremely thin position-sensitive avalanche photodiodes (PSAPD). This thin PSAPD is essential for achieving high crystal packing fraction for a PET system design which has 2 cm effective LSO crystal thickness, 1 mm transaxial spatial resolution and 3 mm directly measured photon DOI resolution. These properties facilitate high detection efficiency and three dimensional positioning capability in the detector. With this very thin PSAPD, preliminary results indicated that we can expect 1 mm3 intrinsic spatial resolution. We have observed an average of 1.1 mm transaxial and 3 mm DOI spatial resolution, ~11% energy resolution and ~2 ns temporal resolution. We have also implemented a position algorithm for reducing the effect of pincushioning on events detected over the face of the PSAPD
Effects of exposure to noise on permeability to potassium of the endolymph-perilymph barrier in guinea pigs.

Healthy guinea pigs were exposed to broadband noise at 115 dBA for 7 days. When perfusion of the scala vestibuli was carried out with artificial perilymph containing 43K, the 43K concentrations in the perilymph of the scala tympani were very low in both control and noise-exposed guinea pigs. The transport rate constant for K+ was computed by utilizing compartmental analysis. The results indicate that exposure to noise at 115 dBA for 7 days does not alter the permeability to K+ of Reissner's membrane or the lateral wall of the cochlear duct but does decrease K+ conductance of the organ of Corti.
Towards informatic analysis of syslogs

The complexity and cost of isolating the root cause of system problems in large parallel computers generally scales with the size of the system. Syslog messages provide a primary source of system feedback, but manual review is tedious and error prone. Informatic analysis can be used to detect subtle anomalies in the syslog message stream, thereby increasing the availability of the overall system. In This work the author describes the use of the bioinformatic-inspired Teiresias algorithm to automatically classify syslog messages, and compare it to an existing log analysis tool (SLCT). He then describes the use of occurrence statistics to group time-correlated messages, and present a simple graphical user interface for viewing analysis results. Finally, example analyses of syslogs from three independent clusters are presented.
Genome-Wide Association Study of Intracranial Aneurysms Confirms Role of Anril and SOX17 in Disease Risk

Background—Genomewide association studies have identified novel genetic factors that contribute to intracranial aneurysm (IA) susceptibility. We sought to confirm previously reported loci, to identify novel risk factors, and to evaluate the contribution of these factors to familial and sporadic IA. Method—We utilized 2 complementary samples, one recruited on the basis of a dense family history of IA (discovery sample 1: 388 IA cases and 397 controls) and the other without regard to family history (discovery sample 2: 1095 IA cases and 1286 controls). Imputation was used to generate a common set of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) across samples, and a logistic regression model was used to test for association in each sample. Results from each sample were then combined in a metaanalysis. Results—There was only modest overlap in the association results obtained in the 2 samples. In neither sample did results reach genomewide significance. However, the metaanalysis yielded genomewide significance for SN...
Fast parallelized algorithms for on-line extended-term dynamic cascading analysis

Very fast on-line computational capability to predict mid-term dynamic system response to disturbances and identify corrective actions is an important attribute of high-speed extended term (HSET) time domain simulation (TDS). Focusing on the development of computational speed, this paper propose a parallel strategy intended for deployment on the super computer, Blue Gene/L, to simulate the power system dynamics, which can be described as a set of differential algebraic equations (DAEs). To deal with DAE stiffness problems and fully capture benefits of explicit and implicit integration methods, the partition algorithm called recursive projection method (RPM) is employed. Additionally, good load balancing for parallel computation is achieved using waveform relaxation method (WRM) to separate the stiff parts of DAE. Multi-frontal Massively Parallel sparse direct Solver (MUMPS) is utilized to solve the linear systems involved in the implicit methods. This paper reports on the design
Uninhabited aerial vehicle research at Ohio University and Mississippi State University

The Avionics Engineering Center and the School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at Ohio University (OU) have established a research effort in uninhabited aerial vehicles (UAVs) with the intent developing autonomous flight capabilities. The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Mississippi State University has recently entered into a collaborative effort with OU in this area. This paper presents the current status of this UAV research, several mission scenarios have been considered, including search and rescue missions. The Brumby UAV is described, including payload capabilities, flight duration capabilities, and the various hardware and software components of the present system. Results of flight testing are shown, with 3D navigation information determined from the GPS units displayed. Finally, future goals of the research are discussed.
An energy-aware fault tolerant scheduling framework for soft error resilient cloud computing systems

For modern high performance systems, aggressive technology and voltage scaling has drastically increased their susceptibility to soft errors. At the grand scale of cloud computing, it is clear that soft error induced failures will occur far more frequently, but it is unclear as to how to effectively apply current error detection and fault tolerance techniques in scale. In this paper, we focus on energy-aware fault tolerant scheduling in public, multi-user cloud systems, and explore the three-way tradeoff between reliability (in terms of soft error resiliency), performance and energy. Through a systematically optimized resource allocation, error detection approach selection, virtual machine placement, spatial/temporal redundancy augmentation and task scheduling process, the cloud service provider can achieve high error coverage and fault tolerance confidence while minimizing global energy costs under user deadline constraints. Our scheduling algorithm includes a static scheduling phase that operates on task graph based workload inputs prior to execution, and a light-weight dynamic scheduler that migrates tasks during execution in case of excessive re-executions. All schedules are evaluated on a runtime simulation engine that (1) mimics the performance fluctuations in cloud systems, and (2) supports the injection of arbitrary fault patterns. Compared to current virtual machine or task replication techniques, we are able to reduce overall application failure rates by over 50% with approximately 76% total energy overhead.
Safety and Efficacy of Aerobic Training in Patients With Cancer Who Have Heart Failure: An Analysis of the HF-ACTION Randomized Trial

Purpose To investigate the efficacy and safety of aerobic training (AT) in patients with cancer with medically stable heart failure (HF). Patients and Methods A retrospective analysis of 90 patients with cancer who have HF and who were randomly assigned to AT (n = 47) or guideline-based usual care (UC; n = 43) was performed. AT consisted of three supervised sessions per week at 20 to 45 minutes per session at 60% to 70% of heart rate reserve for 12 weeks followed by home-based sessions for 4 to 12 months. The primary end point was all-cause mortality and hospitalization. Secondary end points were other clinical events, safety, and change in exercise capacity (VO2peak) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Results Median follow-up was 35 months. In intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses, all-cause mortality or hospitalization at 2 years was 74% in the AT group compared with 67% in the UC group (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.11; 95% CI, 0.69 to 1.77; P = .676). The incidence of cardiovascular mortality or ...
Medical ethics at Guantanamo Bay and Abu Ghraib: the problem of dual loyalty.

Although knowledge of torture and physical and psychological abuse was widespread at both the Guantanamo Bay detention facility and Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq, and known to medical personnel, there was no official report before the January 2004 Army investigation of military health personnel reporting abuse, degradation or signs of torture. Military medical personnel are placed in a position of a "dual loyalty" conflict. They have to balance the medical needs of their patients, who happen to be detainees, with their military duty to their employer. The United States military medical system failed to protect detainee's human rights, violated the basic principles of medical ethics and ignored the basic tenets of medical professionalism. Language: en
Voice typing: a new speech interaction model for dictation on touchscreen devices

Dictation using speech recognition could potentially serve as an efficient input method for touchscreen devices. However, dictation systems today follow a mentally disruptive speech interaction model: users must first formulate utterances and then produce them, as they would with a voice recorder. Because utterances do not get transcribed until users have finished speaking, the entire output appears and users must break their train of thought to verify and correct it. In this paper, we introduce Voice Typing, a new speech interaction model where users' utterances are transcribed as they produce them to enable real-time error identification. For fast correction, users leverage a marking menu using touch gestures. Voice Typing aspires to create an experience akin to having a secretary type for you, while you monitor and correct the text. In a user study where participants composed emails using both Voice Typing and traditional dictation, they not only reported lower cognitive demand for Voice Typing but also exhibited 29% relative reduction of user corrections. Overall, they also preferred Voice Typing.
Espectáculo poético en Zelarayán de Washington Cucurto

The poetic of Santiago Vega- Washington Cucurto -in his first book of poems Zelarayan (1998) - can be read with the appearance of a new language used to talk about violence, politic, immigrants and the Argentine literature (and Latin American) from a spectacular machine that -though sarcasm and the festive- unsettles the spectacle's logic, which is the same that is involved in the creation of the poems, in the context of the production of a new Argentine poetry, during the nineties.
Liver transplantation for glycogen storage disease type Ia.

Background/Aims Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) most often occurs within hepatocellular adenomas (HCAs) in glycogen storage disease Ia (GSD Ia) patients. The objective of this retrospective study is to assess outcomes after liver transplantation (LT) for GSD Ia where the principal indication for transplantation was prevention of HCC. Methods Petitions to the United Network for Organ Sharing region 11 review board for additional model for end-stage liver disease listing points were made on behalf of GSD Ia patients. Demographics, pre-operative comorbidity, and outcomes for GSD Ia patients who underwent LT were reviewed. Results Between 2004 and 2006, five GSD Ia patients underwent LT. Multiple HCAs with focal hemorrhage and/or necrosis but without histological evidence of malignancy were identified in all explanted specimens. Four of five patients had complications after LT, including cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections and steroid responsive allograft rejection. Hemoglobin levels and serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, blood glucose, and lactic acid concentrations improved in all patients after LT. Corn starch feeding was not required in any patient after LT. Renal function worsened in three patients despite modifications to primary immunosuppressive medications. All patients are alive at last follow-up (range 25–48 months) and all post-transplant complications have resolved. Conclusions By removing all possible adenomatous tissue and reversing the underlying hepatic enzymatic deficiency, LT provides definitive prevention against HCC and correction of most metabolic derangements in GSD Ia patients. Renal dysfunction secondary to GSD Ia persists—underscoring the need for further studies to better understand the mechanisms of renal dysfunction in these patients.
Body Sensor Network Based ECG Segmentation and Analysis

In this paper, a body sensor network based ECG signal segmentation approach is presented. Hidden Markov modeling (HMM) technique is employed. Since people's heart rates vary a lot, the corresponding characteristic waveform intervals and durations change with time as well. For patients with cardiac diseases, such as arrhythmia, the heart beat interval may even change abruptly and irregularly. Because traditional HMM parameter adaptation is conservative and slow to respond to beat interval changes, inadequate and slow parameter adaptation is largely responsible for the low positive predictivity rate (+P). To solve the problem, we introduce an active HMM parameter adaptation and ECG segmentation algorithm, which includes three parts: the pre-segmentation and classification, the HMM model training, and the detailed segmentation. Body sensor networks are used to collect and pre-segment the raw ECG data by performing QRS detection. Then the R-R interval information that directly reflects the beat variation is extracted and used to classify the raw ECG data into several groups. One specific HMM is trained for each of the groups. Instead of one single generic HMM, multiple individualized HMMs are set up and each HMM is only responsible for extracting the characteristic waveforms of the ECG signals with similar temporal features in the detailed segmentation, so that the temporal parameter adaptation can be naturally achieved.
Pyrolysis studies of main group metal-alkyl bond dissociation energies: VLPP of GeMe4, SbEt3, PbEt4, and PEt3

The bond dissociation energies of tetramethyl germane, triethyl stibine, tetraethyl lead, and triethylphosphine were determined using the technique of very-low-pressure pyrolysis. Arguments are presented for log A ≥ 17.0. The respective dissociation energies ΔH298 are 83, 57, 54, and 68 (±2) kcal/mol. A consistent set of methyl bond energies to main group metals is determined from these and previous results, and is examined for trends. Bond energies for various radicals to tin are also derived.
Conduct Disorder and Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity in Child Inpatients Comparisons on Home and Hospital Measures

This study examines the relationship of conduct disorder (CD) and attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity (ADDH) in 93 psychiatrically hospitalized children. Multiple measures of symptoms/behaviors exhibited at home and in the hospital were evaluated using 2 (CD/No-CD) × 2 (ADDH/No-ADDH) analyses. CD was related to heightened aggression/violent behavior and conduct problems at home, and greater fines for deviant behavior in the hospital. ADDH was related to parent reports of heightened inattention and hyperactivity, and in-hospital measures of inattention/hyperactivity, antisocial behaviors, poor self-control, locked seclusions, and fines. No group differences were evident in history of child abuse or suicidality. There were few CD × ADDH interactions. Home and hospital measures of aggression, depression, and suicidality were significantly correlated. Diagnostic differences, comorbidity, and the study of inpatient populations are discussed.
The Nursing Faculty Shortage: Predictors of Job Satisfaction and Intent to Stay in Academe: A Review of the Literature

The United States healthcare system is faced with a critical shortage of nurses and nurse educators at the national and state levels. This shortage directly impacts the supply and demand of registered nurses (RNs) in the clinical work environments and the ability of these nurses to deliver high quality patient care. One of the challenges faced by deans and directors of schools of nursing is to identify strategies that will encourage faculty to stay in academe. Establishing a clear relationship between these variables is vital to resolving the problem of faculty shortage. A search of relevant literature across disciplines was conducted to identify the factors that contribute to the job satisfaction and /or job dissatisfaction and the intent to stay of nursing faculty who teach in BSN and graduate nursing programs. The literature review provided limited accounts of the various dimensions of the factors that predict nursing faculty’s job satisfaction and / or job dissatisfaction and intent to stay in academe. None of the studies found in the literature completely focused on the subject of intent to stay of nursing faculty in academe. Therefore, this literature review will focus on the nature of faculty work, job satisfaction, demographic factors of (age, education, health, family responsibilities, teaching experience) and intent to stay.
Introduction: Constructing the Carceral State

The United States holds the world’s largest prison population, caging more humans than any other nation on earth. In a situation that is not only internationally unparalleled but also historically unprecedented, every day more than 2 million people are barred somewhere within this nation’s vast archipelago of prisons, jails, and immigrant detention centers. Another 7.2 million are on probation, on parole, or under a deportation order. This is not just any population. The majority of those confined in a U.S. correctional facility are black or brown, and poor. Indeed blacks and Latinos make up 72 percent of the federal prison population and the majority of the state prison populations. By the end of this year, one in three young African American males and one in six young Latino males will be locked away from society. The numbers for women of color versus white women are also stark: 133 of 100,000 African American women and 77 of 100,000 Latinas are locked up as compared with only 47 of 100,000 white women.1 The racial demographics of immigrant detention are equally dire. More than 80 percent of immigration detainees are Latinos, namely Mexicans or Central Americans. The policing apparatus that fills the nation’s carceral facilities is even more capacious. Having been subject to arrest, an estimated 65 million people in the United States have criminal records.2 Scores more have been stopped and interrogated but not arrested. For example, the nation’s largest police force, the New York Police Department (nypd), has conducted nearly 5 million “stop and frisk” investigations from 2003 to 2012. Less than 12 percent of such street interrogations have resulted in arrest, but close to 90 percent of those stopped and frisked in the city are young black and Latino men. Throughout urban
Group a Streptococcal Necrotizing Fasciitis: Diagnosing and treating the “flesh-eating bacteria syndrome”

Over the past decade the incidence of necrotizing fasciitis due to group A streptococci has increased. Appropriate management of this life-threatening infection requires rapid recognition, immediate antibiotic therapy, and expeditious surgical debridement or excision.
Plasmid Profiles of Clostridium diffieile Isolates from Patients with Antibiotic-Associated Colitis in Two Community Hospitals

L'analyse de ces profils vise surtout a etablir l'origine nosocomiale ou non des souches isolees. Jusqu'a ce qu'un systeme de typage plus pratique pour C. difficile soit mis au point, le procede d'extraction alcaline rapide pour isoler l'ADN des plasmides, en raison de sa relative simplicite, peut etre utile pour etudier les epidemies de colite associee aux antibiotiques survenant dans les hopitaux
Exchange bias of singly inverted FeO/Fe 3 O 4 core-shell nanocrystals

Exchange bias (EB) is investigated in singly inverted $\text{FeO}/{\text{Fe}}_{3}{\text{O}}_{4}$ core-shell nanocrystals by vibrating sample magnetometry. A horizontal and vertical shift of the field-cooled (FC) hysteresis loop with respect to the zero-field-cooled (ZFC) hysteresis loop is observed below the blocking temperature of EB $({T}_{B}^{\text{EB}}\ensuremath{\approx}{T}_{N})$. An enhancement of the superparamagnetic blocking temperature $({T}_{B}^{\text{SP}}\ensuremath{\approx}190\text{ }\text{K})$ with respect to the expected value is observed from the ZFC/FC measurement of $m(T)$. Furthermore, the value of ${T}_{B}^{\text{SP}}$ is nearly constant for applied fields ranging from 25 to 200 Oe as a result of the exchange coupling at the antiferromagnetic/ferrimagnetic interface.
Thermodynamics of ion-containing polymer blends and block copolymers.

We develop a theory for the thermodynamics of ion-containing polymer blends and diblock copolymers, taking polyethylene oxide (PEO), polystyrene and lithium salts as an example. We account for the tight binding of Li^+ ions to the PEO, the preferential solvation energy of anions in the PEO domain, the translational entropy of anions, and the ion-pair equilibrium between EO-complexed Li^+ and anion. Our theory is able to predict many features observed in experiments, particularly the systematic dependence in the effective χ parameter on the size of the anions. Furthermore, comparison with the observed linear dependence in the effective χ on salt concentration yields an upper limit for the binding constant of the ion pair.
Detection of staphylococcal antibodies in human gamma globulin and serum by hemagglutination tests.

SummaryTwo modifications of a staphylococcal hemagglutination test, utilizing protease for treatment of erythrocytes or Coombs'antiserum, are described and are more sensitive than the basic hemagglutination method for titration of staphylococcal antibodies in human gamma globulin and serum. These antibodies probably are directed against an antigen of the Rantz type, as the antigen is heat stable at acid and labile at alkaline pH and since both Staphylococcus aureus and B. subtilis, in contrast to E. coli and Staphylococcus citreus, remove antibodies from human gamma globulin. The significance of the data is discussed.
Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Suining City from 2006-2012

[Objective]To know the epidemic strength and epidemiological trends of varicella in Suining City,provide an accurate basis for the development of prevention and control measures and the evaluation of the implementation effect.[Methods]Descriptive epidemiological method was chose to analyze the data of varicella cases from the Suining disease surveillance information management reporting system during 2006-2012.[Results]The average annual reported incidence of varicella was 49. 46 /lakh in Suining City from 2006 to 2012,and there was statistically significant difference in the annual reported incidence( P 0. 01). The annual reported incidence in males and females was 55. 82 /lakh and 42. 89 /lakh respectively,with the male-to-female ratio of 1. 34 ∶ 1,and the difference in annual reported incidence between males and females was statistically significant( P 0. 01). Patients aged0-14 years old accounted for 91. 91%. The cases of students,kindergarten children and scattered children respectively accounted for 46. 23%,33. 53% and 16. 46% of total reported cases. 41. 56% of cases were reported in May and June. [Conclusion]The incidence of varicella shows obvious age and vocational peaks in Suining City,and the peak season has occurred at the end of spring and the beginning of summer. It is necessary to strengthen the management on prevention and control of communicable diseases in schools and nurseries to implement prevention and control measures,improve the health promotion and health education to enhance the awareness and level of prevention and control,strengthen the surveillance to know the epidemic trends and distribution characteristics of varicella,as wall as take warning rapidly,and implement the emergency disposal of outbreaks to effectively control the spread of the epidemic.
A synoptic revision of the Malagasy species of Scolopia Schreb. (Salicaceae, Scolopieae)

ABSTRACT A synoptic revision of the Malagasy species of Scolopia is presented. Fourteen species are recognized, of which all are endemic and ten are threatened. One species, S. delphinensis Appleq. & G.E.Schatz, sp. nov., is newly described and illustrated. An identification key to the Malagasy species of Scolopia is provided.
Aspects of Assembly of Chlorophyll A/B -Protein Complexes

Yellow cells of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii y1 green at 38°C sufficiently rapidly that chloroplast development can be examined kinetically over a time span of minutes (1,2). Chlorophyll (Chl) and the Chl a/b-binding (Cab) polypeptides accumulate at linear rates after exposure to light (3,4). To gain information on the process by which these components come together to form the major light-harvesting Chl a/b-protein complexes, we measured the kinetics of accumulation of the major Cab polypeptides and of the Chls that accumulate during the initial period of greening. We also investigated the difference in accumulation of Cab polypeptides in the light or dark.
Airborne Radar Observations of Lake-Effect Snowbands over the New York Finger Lakes

AbstractThe vast majority of lake-effect snow research throughout the years has focused on the North American Great Lakes since they are often associated with strong lake-effect events that produce heavy downstream snowfall. This study investigates a lake-effect snow event that instead occurred over two smaller lakes, the New York Finger Lakes, which are just O(5) km wide and O(50) km long. A pair of well-defined snowbands that formed over Seneca and Cayuga Lakes, the two largest of the Finger Lakes, were sampled from above by a vertically pointing Doppler radar and lidar on board the University of Wyoming King Air (UWKA). With typical widths matching the widths of the lakes, and depths of less than 1000 m, the long-lake-axis-parallel bands were actually quite intense for their size. For example, updrafts of 2–3 m s−1 or greater within the band cores were common, and reflectivity occasionally exceeded 5 dBZ. Airborne dual-Doppler data show that both bands were sometimes accompanied by a well-defined therm...
Strata Pressures and Support Loads

This chapter discusses the strata pressures and support loads. The determination of strata pressure is of interest in geotechnology, not only in relation to the absolute or relative state of stress in earth and rock masses but also in relation to the loads imposed by the soil or rock on structures erected within, against, or upon the earth material. In soil mechanics and foundation engineering, the correlation between calculated earth pressure and soil-structure interaction is a perennial problem. In rock mechanics, while considerable advances are being made, in theory and in practice, to solve the problem of determining in situ field or regional stress, and while the observation of direct loads imposed upon simple struts in tension or compression is commonplace, very little is known of the nature of the contact loads between rock masses and excavation support structures involving more complex and unknown stress distributions.
P097 High prevalence of anti-angiotensin II type 1 receptor antibody in HLA-sensitized transplant candidates

Aims Renal transplant (RTX) candidates with pre-formed anti-HLA antibody (HLA-Ab) have lower transplantation rates and increased mortality. Anti-angiotensin II type 1 receptor antibody (AT1R-Ab) has recently been associated with allograft loss and antibody-mediated rejection. The aim of the present study was to evaluate: (1) the prevalence of anti-angiotensin receptor 1 antibody (AT1R-Ab) in RTX candidates with circulating HLA-Ab and (2) AT1R-Ab response to VDS. Methods Thirty-nine patients receiving desensitization therapy had HLA-Ab levels determined by single-antigen bead array (Luminex). Mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of the strongest HLA-Ab (immunodominant antibody -iDSA) was measured before and after therapy. A successful response was considered when iDSA decreased >50% at nadir versus pre-desensitization. Serum samples were also tested by ELISA for the presence of AT1R-Ab (U/mL after 1:50 dilution), before and after desensitization. Results A high proportion of candidates with HLA-Ab exhibited AT1R-Ab (20/39, 51%). A good response of AT1R-Ab to therapy was observed in 18/20 patients [Figure 1]: 17.4 ± 12.3 pre versus 10.9 ± 13.1 U/mL post therapy, p = 0.0009). iDSA reduction with desensitization was observed in 13/20 patients – 7996 ± 2580 pre versus 4410 ± 2695 MFI post therapy, p = 0.0001). 12/20 patients had both iDSA and AT1R-Ab reduction by therapy, 6/20 responded to AT1R-Ab only, 1/20 responded to iDSA only, and 1/20 was a non-responder. AT1R-Ab levels were more elevated in Caucasians then in African-Americans both before (20.7 ± 14.9 versus 12.3 ± 3.7 U/mL, p = 0.1), and after desensitization (14.7 ± 15.9 versus 5.2 ± 2.9 U/mL, p = 0.1). Conclusions More than half of HLA-sensitized candidates exhibit AT1R-Ab. This initial desensitization experience consistently provided substantial reductions both in HLA-Ab and AT1R-Ab levels in an unselected, highly sensitized kidney transplant candidate population. Download : Download high-res image (380KB) Download : Download full-size image
Frequency Localized Regularity Criteria for the 3D Navier–Stokes Equations

Two regularity criteria are established to highlight which Littlewood–Paley frequencies play an essential role in possible singularity formation in a Leray–Hopf weak solution to the Navier–Stokes equations in three spatial dimensions. One of these is a frequency localized refinement of known Ladyzhenskaya–Prodi–Serrin-type regularity criteria restricted to a finite window of frequencies, the lower bound of which diverges to \({+\infty}\) as t approaches an initial singular time.
Confinement, chiral symmetry breaking and the effective quark mass

Paradigm shift in gauge topology, from instantons to their constituents — instanton-dyons — has recently lead to very significant advances. Unlike instantons, these objects have three different set of charges, therefore allowing to explain and to tie together several important phenomena: confinement, chiral symmetry breaking and magnetic screening.
Progression of Pro23His Retinopathy in a Miniature Swine Model of Retinitis Pigmentosa.

Purpose We characterize the progression of retinopathy in Filial 1 (F1) progeny of a transgenic (Tg) founder miniswine exhibiting severe Pro23His (P23H) retinopathy. Methods The F1 TgP23H miniswine progeny were created by crossing TgP23H founder miniswine 53-1 with wild type (WT) inbred miniature swine. Scotopic (rod-driven) and photopic (cone-driven) retinal functions were evaluated in F1 TgP23H and WT littermates using full field electroretinograms (ffERGs) at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 months of age, as well as the Tg founder miniswine at 6 years of age. Miniswine were euthanized and their retinas processed for morphologic evaluation at the light and electron microscopic level. Retinal morphology of a 36-month-old Tg miniswine also was examined. Results Wild type littermates reached mature scotopic and photopic retinal function by 3 months, while TgP23H miniswine showed abnormal scotopic ffERGs at the earliest time point, 1 month, and depressed photopic ffERGs after 2 months. Rod and cone photoreceptors (PR) exhibited morphologic abnormalities and dropout from the outer nuclear layer at 1 month, with only a monolayer of cone PR somata remaining after 2 months. The retinas showed progressive neural remodeling of the outer retina that included dendritic retraction of rod bipolar cells and glial seal formation by Muller cells. The TgP23H founder miniswine showed cone PR with relatively intact morphology exclusive to the area centralis. Conclusions The F1 Tg miniswine and the TgP23H founder miniswine exhibit similar retinopathy. Translational relevance TgP23H miniswine are a useful large-eye model to study pathogenesis and preservation cone PRs in humans with retinitis pigmentosa.
Learning from Adversity

Many two-component regulatory systems, including Escherichia coli PhoRB, are positively autoregulated, so stimuli result in an increase in the concentration of signaling proteins. When the quantity of signaling proteins depends on exposure history, how do past conditions affect future responses to stimuli? Hoffer et al. (J. Bacteriol. 183:4914-4917, 2001, https://doi.org/doi:10.1128/JB.183.16.4914-4917.2001) previously reported that E. coli bacteria "learn" from phosphate starvation and respond more rapidly to subsequent episodes of starvation. Gao et al. (J. Bacteriol. 199:e00390-17, 2017, https://doi.org/doi:10.1128/JB.00390-17) describe another aspect of hysteresis in the PhoRB regulon. Phosphate starvation also leads to a global decline in transcription, counteracting the effects of positive autoregulation and resulting in a similar net pho response (homeostasis), regardless of exposure history.
Adaptive digital noise-cancellation filtering using cross-correlators for continuous-time MASH ADC in 28nm CMOS

This paper presents an adaptive digital noise cancellation filter (DNCF) using cross-correlation (XCORR) developed for continuous-time (CT) multi-stage noise-shaping (MASH) ADCs. The XCORR engine continuously estimates the transfer functions of ΔΣ sub-loops and updates the coefficients for the DNCF. An ADC prototype with this engine is built in 28nm CMOS and it achieves 72dB of dynamic range over 440MHz BW, with a total power of 1.25W from 1V and 1.8 V supplies. Comparing to a power-up least-mean squares (LMS) engine, the XCORR-based adaptive DNCF achieves 2dB better noise cancellation across up to 10% supply variations.
Urolithin A Mitigates Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity by Inhibiting Renal Inflammation and Apoptosis in an Experimental Rat Model

Cumulative kidney toxicity associated with cisplatin is severe and there is no clear consensus on the therapeutic management of the same. The pathogenesis involves activation of inflammatory and apoptotic pathways; therefore, regulating these pathways offers protection. Given the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of urolithin A, a gut microbial metabolite of ellagic acid, our aim was to explore the potential use of urolithin A in the prevention of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in an experimental rat model. For this purpose, animals received a single intraperitoneal dose of cisplatin (5 mg/kg body weight). Six hours prior to cisplatin administration, rats were orally treated with either ellagic acid or urolithin A (50 mg/kg body weight), followed by a daily dose of these compounds during the next 5 days. At the end, plasma and kidneys were collected for analysis. Cisplatin-induced kidney damage was revealed by a significant rise in the plasma creatinine levels accompanied by significant morphologic changes in tubules, T cell Ig and mucin domain-containing protein-1, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1, as well as a marked increase in the number of apoptotic cells localized in tubules. Cisplatin also reduced nitric oxide synthase 3 and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells resulting in regulation of various inflammatory cytokines. Urolithin A effectively attenuated cisplatin-induced kidney damage and showed significantly greater effect than its precursor ellagic acid on preserving the normal kidney architecture by downregulating the proinflammatory cytokines. In summary, urolithin A mitigates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats by modulation of the inflammatory cascade and inhibition of the proapoptotic pathway.
Some personal experience in computer aided engineering research

Symbolic computing and artificial intelligence (AI) have found many task specific applications in engineering. The recent emergence of network computing, taking advantage of communication and information management technologies, has broadened the scope of engineering software to support collaborative engineering. This workshop paper describes some of the recent and current research by the author and his colleaques in the development of preliminary analysis and conceptual design tools and in the areas of information management and software interoperability to support collaborative engineering and enterprise integration.
Nano-acoustic resonators for sensing near-particle environments in polymer matrix nanocomposites

The characteristics of nano-acoustic resonators are analyzed to assess their use in sensing the acoustic properties of the near-particle environment of nanoparticles embedded in various matrices. This type of information is critical to understanding the chemo-physical interactions between these matrices and particles in polymer matrix nanocomposites designed to provide specific optical and chemical access to the particles.
Red material on the large moons of Uranus: Dust from the irregular satellites?

Abstract The large and tidally-locked “classical” moons of Uranus display longitudinal and planetocentric trends in their surface compositions. Spectrally red material has been detected primarily on the leading hemispheres of the outer moons, Titania and Oberon. Furthermore, detected H2O ice bands are stronger on the leading hemispheres of the classical satellites, and the leading/trailing asymmetry in H2O ice band strengths decreases with distance from Uranus. We hypothesize that the observed distribution of red material and trends in H2O ice band strengths results from infalling dust from Uranus’ irregular satellites. These dust particles migrate inward on slowly decaying orbits, eventually reaching the classical satellite zone, where they collide primarily with the outer moons. The latitudinal distribution of dust swept up by these moons should be fairly even across their southern and northern hemispheres. However, red material has only been detected over the southern hemispheres of these moons, during the Voyager 2 flyby of the Uranian system (subsolar latitude ∼81°S). Consequently, to test whether irregular satellite dust impacts drive the observed enhancement in reddening, we have gathered new ground-based data of the now observable northern hemispheres of these satellites (sub-observer latitudes ∼17–35°N). Our results and analyses indicate that longitudinal and planetocentric trends in reddening and H2O ice band strengths are broadly consistent across both southern and northern latitudes of these moons, thereby supporting our hypothesis. Utilizing a suite of numerical best fit models, we investigate the composition of the reddening agent, finding that both complex organics and amorphous pyroxene match the spectral slopes of our data. We also present spectra that span L/L’ bands (∼2.9–4.1 µm), a previously unexplored wavelength range in terms of spectroscopy for the Uranian satellites, and we compare the shape and albedo of the spectral continua in these L/L’ band data to other icy moons in the Jovian and Saturnian systems. Additionally, we discuss possible localized enhancement of reddening on Titania, subtle differences in H2O ice band strengths between the southern and northern hemispheres of the classical satellites, the distribution of constituents on Miranda, and the possible presence of NH3-hydrates on these moons. In closing, we explore potential directions for future observational and numerical modeling work in the Uranian system.
Measurement of Automobile Exhaust Emissions under Realistic Road Conditions

Mesure des teneurs en NO x , CO, CO 2 , hydrocarbures des gaz d'echappement d'un moteur diesel par un appareil place a bord du vehicule
Comparison of AFM and HRTEM to determine the metal particle morphology and loading of an Au/TiO2 catalyst

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used to study the morphology of an ultrafine gold‐on‐titania catalyst. By using TappingModeTM AFM (TMAFM) and SuperSharp silicon probes to minimize tip radius artifacts, we determined values for the average Au particle diameter and the gold loading in good agreement with high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) results. These results demonstrate the ability of AFM to characterize real supported metal catalysts with small metal particles (<5 nm) and low metal loadings, achieving resolution comparable to HRTEM, but in the ambient environment.
Light: Geometric Optics

This chapter discusses geometric optics of light. Optics is the study of phenomena associated with light. The geometric approximation in the analysis of optical systems permits taking advantage of the concept of light rays. Light rays are lines perpendicular to the wavefronts and are directed at every point in the direction of propagation of the light. Geometric optics is the study of how light rays are reflected and refracted, or bent, in passing from one medium to another. In geometric optics, constructions of reflected and refracted light rays are used to analyze the formation of images. When light is incident upon a surface that is an interface between two media, some of the light is reflected and some is transmitted through the interface. Two principles form the theoretical basis of geometric optics. The principle of superposition for electromagnetic waves provides that the intersecting light rays do not alter the path of either ray. As per the second principle, called Fermat's principle, in traveling from one point to another, light follows a path that requires the minimum time compared to the times that would be required along nearby paths.
Árabe aṯṯúmn > español azumbre

The Arabism azumbre is the only non-Latin word in Spanish that has developed the sequence [ mbɾ ] . However, far from being a problem, this peculiarity provides valuable details for the study of the evolution of Latin sequences [ min ] in Old Spanish. The conclusions obtained regarding the real chronology of these sequences will help to determine that azumbre was introduced in Old Spanish before the tenth century. This will support the idea that phonetically-motivated explanations can help researchers more precisely to identify the dates when some Arabisms were introduced in to Spanish.
Outcomes of Children With Critical Bronchiolitis Meeting at Risk for Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Criteria.

OBJECTIVES New definitions of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome include criteria to identify a subset of children "at risk for pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome." We hypothesized that, among PICU patients with bronchiolitis not immediately requiring invasive mechanical ventilation, those meeting at risk for pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome criteria would have worse clinical outcomes, including higher rates of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome development. DESIGN Single-center, retrospective chart review. SETTING Mixed medical-surgical PICU within a tertiary academic children's hospital. PATIENTS Children 24 months old or younger admitted to the PICU with a primary diagnosis of bronchiolitis from September 2013 to April 2014. Children intubated before PICU arrival were excluded. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Collected data included demographics, respiratory support, oxygen saturation, and chest radiograph interpretation by staff radiologist. Oxygen flow (calculated as FIO2 × flow rate [L/min]) was calculated when oxygen saturation was 88-97%. The median age of 115 subjects was 5 months (2-11 mo). Median PICU length of stay was 2.8 days (1.5-4.8 d), and median hospital length of stay was 5 days (3-10 d). The criteria for at risk for pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome was met in 47 of 115 subjects (40.9%). Children who were at risk for pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome were more likely to develop pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (15/47 [31.9%] vs 1/68 [1.5%]; p < 0.001), had longer PICU length of stay (4.6 d [2.8-10.2 d] vs 1.9 d [1.0-3.1 d]; p < 0.001) and hospital length of stay (8 d [5-16 d] vs 4 d [2-6 d]; p < 0.001), and increased need for invasive mechanical ventilation (16/47 [34.0%] vs 2/68 [2.9%]; p < 0.001), compared with those children who did not meet at risk for pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome criteria. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the recent definition of at risk for pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome can successfully identify children with critical bronchiolitis who have relatively unfavorable clinical courses.
How yoga impacts the substance use of people living with HIV who are in reentry from prison or jail: A qualitative study

Abstract Objectives Nascent research reflects the promise of yoga as a complementary treatment for substance use. While putative mechanisms behind yoga’s impact on substance use have been proposed, the research is limited. This manuscript aims to determine how a hatha yoga intervention impacts the substance use of people who are in reentry from prison or jail (returning citizens), and living with HIV and substance use problems. Design Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 28 returning citizens who participated in a yoga intervention. Guided by a qualitative descriptive methodology, thematic analysis was used to identify themes that answered how yoga impacted participant substance use. Setting A community organization in Philadelphia, PA, USA that connects people to health services, provides education and supportive services, and advocates for people with criminal justice involvement. Intervention A 90-minute hatha yoga class offered once a week for 12 weeks. Results Fourteen participants reported that yoga either reduced substance use or maintained non-use, via the mechanisms of purposeful distraction, stress coping (by cultivating mindfulness and reducing physical discomfort), social support and confidence. Eleven participants reported that yoga did not impact their substance use. Three participants did not discuss it. Conclusions By providing purposeful distraction, increased stress coping, social support and confidence; yoga may reduce substance use and maintain engagement in recovery. These mechanistic actions provide guidance for themes to highlight in yoga classes that aim to impact substance use among returning citizens living with HIV.