cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A CASE OF REMNANT GASTRIC CANCER 10 YEARS AFTER DISTAL GASTRECTOMY FOR ADVANCED GASTRIC CANCER, AND REVIEW OF THE SIMILAR SIX CASES IN OUR HOSPITAL

A case of early remnant gastric cancer 10 years after distal gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer is reported. A 71-year-old man complained of discomfort of the epigastric region and diagnosed early remnant gastric cancer. The total gastrectomy was performed. There were 6 cases of remnant gastric cnacer after distal gastrectomy in our hospital. We have experienced a total of six cases of remnant gastric cancer after distal gastrectomy, that occurred with an incidence of 1.5% in our all operative gastric cnacer. The mean age was 66.1 years and all patients were male. The diseases caused the first operation were gastric ulcer in four, duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer in each one case. The reconstruction of the first operation were Billroth 2 for four patients and Billroth 1 for two. The mean duration between the first operation and the diagnosis of remnant gastric cancer was 14 years. The chief complaints included dysphagia in two patients, epigastralgia and palpable tumor in one, hematmesis and tarry stool in one, and discomfort of the epigastric region in one. Only one patient who diagnosed at the adult mass screening for gastric cancer was no complaint. Operative procedure for remnant stomach were subtotal gastrectomy for three patients and total gastrectomy for three patients. Transverse colon resection was performed for two patients and pancreas tail resection and splenectomy for two. There were three patients in stage III, one in stage IV, and two in stage I in conformity with The General Rules for the Gastric Cancer Study in Japan. There were one Borrmann 1 type, one Borrmann 2 type, three Borrmann 3 type, and one IIa type early gastric cancer. Three cases are now surviving for 10 months, 1 year and 1 month, and 5 years respectively with no evidence of recurrence.
Effect of Nitrite Content and Smoking on Yield, Shelf-Life, and Palatability of Cornish Game Hens

Abstract An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of nitrite content and smoking on yield and palatability of Cornish game hens. Carcasses were either A) injected, B) soaked, or C) injected and soaked with a 6.98% pickling cure before smoking. Cooking temperatures were 46 C for 2 hr and 93 C for 5 additional hours during which smoke was generated. Yield, nitrite content, salt content, rancidity development, and palatability were determined. Treatments influenced the juiciness, saltiness, flavor, and general acceptability of white and dark meat. Salt and nitrite content were higher in both white and dark meat from treatment C. There was no difference between treatments with regard to rancidity or yield. The taste panel rated the appearance of white meat of treatment C higher than white meat from treatments A or B, whereas dark meat from treatment B was rated higher than meat from A or C, with white and dark meat from treatment C being the juiciest. General acceptability and flavor of white meat from treatment C and dark meat from treatment B were rated the highest by the panel.
Surveillance of epidemic hemorrhagic fever in Quanzhou City from 2005 to 2009

Aim To analyze the characteristics of epidemic hemorrhagic fever in Quanzhou City from 2005 to 2009.Methods The surveillance data of prevalence of epidemic hemorrhagic fever in Quanzhou City from 2005 to 2009 were collected from National Disease Control and Prevention System and records.Results From 2005 to 2009,there 50 cases were reported.The annual average incidence rate was 0.119/100,000 without death and showed an increasing trend in incidence in recent years.The infections mainly occurred from January to June.Most of the cases were farmers(38%) and males predominated,mainly concentrated in the age group of 25~45 years.Conclusions Effective measures including surveillance,killing rats,vaccination,etc.to control the prevalence of the disease.
Surgical Treatment for Infants with Ventricular Septal Defect and Severe Pulmonary Hypertension

【Objective】To investigate the indications,operation timing,surgical techniques and perioperative management of surgical therapy for ventricular septal defect(VSD) and mild or severe pulmonary hypertension in infants,.【Methods】 All 46 consecutive infants with VSD were confirmed to be complicated with severe pulmonary hypertension.Among them,32 cases were complicated with patent foramen ovale(PFO) and atrial septal defect(ASD),2 cases with patent ductus arteriosus(PDA).There were 30 cases with subaortic VSD and 16 with perimembranous VSD.All operations were performed under cardiopulmonary bypass at moderate to low flow,moderate hypothermia and cold crystalloid cardioplegia.All VSD were patch repairs,ASD and PDA were direct suture.【Results】 The hospital mortality was 2.9%.There was one with Ⅲ°A-V block and one with residual shunt(3mm).Follow-up was complete in all 43 survived cases for 3 months to 1 years,and all developed well.【Conclusion】Infants with VSD and severe pulmonary hypertension should be operated on as early as possible,and operations are safe.
Serials for Distance Education Research Projects: What Are We Missing?

Abstract Public service librarians, eager to comply with Association of College and Research Libraries guidelines, face challenges in the rush to support distance education programs in higher education. Distance education students doing serials research encounter significant problems. In this column the author identifies and discusses issues related to the instruction, reference, and access needs of such students. Serials Review 2002; 28:206–212.
Short-Term Response of Sage-Grouse Nesting to Conifer Removal in the Northern Great Basin

ABSTRACT Coniferwoodlands expanding into sage-steppe (Artemisia spp.) are a threat to sagebrush obligate species including the imperiled greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus). Conifer removal is accelerating rapidly despite a lack of empirical evidence to assess outcomes to grouse. Using a before-after-control-impact design, we evaluated short-term effects of conifer removal on nesting habitat use by monitoring 262 sage-grouse nests in the northern Great Basin during 2010–2014. Tree removal made available for nesting an additional 28% of the treatment landscape by expanding habitat an estimated 9603 ha (3201 ha [±480 SE] annually). Relative probability of nesting in newly restored sites increased by 22% annually, and femaleswere 43%more likely to nestwithin 1000 m of treatments. From 2011 (pretreatment) to 2014 (3 yr after treatments began), 29% of the marked population (9.5% [±1.2 SE] annually) had shifted its nesting activities into mountain big sagebrush habitats that were cleared of encroach...
Reducing food safety errors in the United States: Leader behavioral integrity for food safety, error reporting, and error management

Abstract This paper addresses the challenge of reducing food safety errors in the foodservice industry. Results of a survey of 255 fulltime food service professionals supported our proposed causal chain of impact that runs from “leader behavioral integrity for food safety” (the extent to which leaders/supervisors consistently enact and enforce food safety rules) through the proportion of food safety errors reported, through “error management” (an integrated set of practices involving error detection, correction, analysis, prevention and learning), finally to reduced food safety violations. Specifically, this study found the mediating effect of error reporting between leader behavioral integrity for food safety and error management; and the mediating effect of error management between error reporting and food safety violations. Results suggest that ongoing support and incentivizing of supervisors’ behavior may be a critical supplement to skill-based training of employees in reducing food safety errors and thus violations. The study found that high leader behavioral integrity for food safety can improve error reporting and error management leading to a reduction in the risk of foodborne illness, which is the ultimate goal of a food safety training program. It is recommended that managers serve as role models by following proper food safety practices and reporting errors themselves. A manager who consistently enacts food safety priorities and protocols conveys more clear information about positive organizational priorities for safety, provides clearer incentives for safety behaviors, models desired attitudes, and enhances employee trust and thus willingness to learn; which is critical for the success of food safety programs.
Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody (rituximab) for Refractory PTLD after Pediatric Solid Organ Transplantation: Multicenter Experience from a Registry and from a Prospective Clinical Trial.

Abstract Background: Anti B cell antibodies have been proposed as a treatment for post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD). Experience in children is limited. Methods and Results: We report experience (n=40) with use of the chimeric mouse/human antiCD20 monoclonal antibody (rituximab) in pediatric PTLD patients with refractory disease (no response to reduced immunosuppression, progressive or relapsed disease, or concomitant allograft rejection). Initial experience was through a voluntary registry (n=26), and most recent experience is from an onging prospective, non-randomized clinical trial (n=14). Use of chemotherapy or other experimental therapies were an exclusion criteria for both studies. All PTLD were of B cell origin and expressed CD20 and all but 2 (both in registry cohort) were EBV positive. The first cohort (registry) comprised 26 solid organ recipients from 12 centers (heart 11, kidney 6, lung 4, other 5) with mean age of 12.5 years, 29 months (range 2–132) from transplant. Histology revealed these lesions: polymorphic 17, monomorphic 7 (including 1 Burkitts-like), Hodgkins-like 1, unspecified 1. 21/26 received 375mg/m2 x 4 doses. There were no SAE's. 18 pts (69%) showed CR, and 4 (16%) showed PR. The 4 non-responders comprised the 2 EBV negative cases, the Burkitts-like disease and the earliest onset case (fulminant disease at 2 months post-transplant). At latest follow-up (mean 41 months), 73% survive with one graft loss (kidney). In the prospective clinical trial, 14 patients (to date) with refractory disease were enrolled. The protocol comprises 4 doses of 375mg/m2 (weeks 1–4) with no further treatment for patients with CR or for those with no response. Patients with PR receive 4 further doses (weeks 5–8). The 14 patients were from 5 centers (lung 5, kidney 5, heart 4) with mean age of 6.5 years, 41 months (range 4–120) from transplant. Histology revealed the following: polymorphic 10, monomorphic 3, Hodgkin-like 1. There were no SAE's. Two are still recieving therapy. Of the other 12, 9 (75%) acheived CR and 10 pts (83%) are alive with one graft loss (kidney) at mean follow-up of 1.5 years. The two deaths were due to fungal pneumonia and complications of elective surgery in a patient in CR (both lung recipients). Conclusions: These results suggest that rituximab may have an important role to play in management of refractory PTLD in solid organ recipients (CR rate approx. 70–75% with low incidence of graft loss). This group of patients traditionally has high mortality and has been treated with chemotherapy. Rituximab should be considered as first line treatment for refractory polymorphic PTLD in children after solid organ transplantation. Role in monomorphic disease requires further investigation. Use of rituximab as first line therapy is under investigation.
"No Unfavorable Comments from Any Quarter": Teaching Black History to White Students in the American South, 1928-1943.

Background/ContextThe history curriculum is often used to help reach the goal of racial tolerance and understanding by teaching about the nation's diversity. Many educators believe that teaching ab...
"These people, you just guide them until they become these people": learning to become a frequent indoor tanner.

Many young women experiment with using indoor tanning beds with some becoming regular users. There is a dearth of research focused on factors related to the development of regular tanning. This study was designed to gain an in-depth understanding of the experiences of a regular indoor tanning bed user for the purpose of discovering working hypotheses related to the development of this behavior. The article thesis is that initial interactions with tanning salon employees transmit insider knowledge that serves to encourage the regular use of indoor tanning beyond experimentation. We used Spradley’s ethnographic interviewing technique to conduct six iterative interviews with a key informant who was an active indoor tanning bed user and former salon employee. The research was completed in the United States in 2015. The informant described her experiences as a salon employee including her interactions with salon patrons. The informant was trained as a salon employee to talk about tanning as a complex process that requires multiple salon visits to achieve desired results and to develop rapport with salon patrons to be viewed as an important source of guidance and advice. In the informant’s experience, indoor tanning users who viewed tanning as a complex process and felt connected to salon employees were more receptive to purchasing larger amounts of bulk tanning sessions and committing to purchasing salon memberships. Findings provide insights into our understanding of the development of regular tanning behavior and we propose working hypotheses about this behavior to be examined in future research. There are also implications for policy makers to reduce excessive tanning behaviors including considering point-of-sale regulations that limit sales techniques of salon employees and pricing restrictions.
Being of “two minds”: Assessing vacillating and simultaneous ambivalence with the density matrix

Ambivalence is a common experience that permeates a broad range of research. Unfortunately, quantifying ambivalence has proven a daunting task, with researchers limited to studying vacillating ambivalence, VA (i.e., temporal oscillations between favor/disfavor evaluations of an attitude object). Here, we demonstrate the use of the density matrix to measure both VA and what we term “simultaneous ambivalence” (SA): ambivalence that manifests itself as “in the moment” concurrent favor/disfavor evaluations. In a methodological study we gave participants the option of either single-responding or double-responding to questionnaire items regarding a controversial topic (i.e., affirmative action). Since standard statistical procedures provide no means for analyzing double responses, such data are routinely treated as “bad.” As demonstrated here, the density matrix provides an unambiguous and relatively easy means of accounting for double responses, which is our indicator of SA. Our data are well explained by a mixture model, with participants divided into two nearly equal groups of SA and non-SA participants, and provide evidence that the general phenomenon of SA transcends differences of gender and ethnicity. Further, the density matrix data are consistent with viewing SA and VA as distinct ambivalence constructs.
Inclusion of Biodiversity in Habitat Restoration Policy to Facilitate Ecosystem Recovery

Maintaining biodiversity is a central tenet of conservation, in part because biodiversity influences ecosystem functions across terrestrial, freshwater, and marine systems. Biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships have clear relevance for the design of habitat restoration efforts, yet the degree to which biodiversity has been incorporated into restoration practice is unclear. We conducted a review of the published literature on habitat restoration to evaluate this potential science-practice gap. The number of published restoration studies including the term biodiversity has increased slightly from 1990 to 2015 relative to the broader restoration literature. A greater percentage of empirical restorations, and a higher percentage of those with a biodiversity component, were from terrestrial than freshwater or marine ecosystems. The majority of studies considered biodiversity as a response to restoration rather than incorporating it in the restoration design. In fact, nearly half of the studies in our database that actively transplanted species manipulated only a single target species. Little consideration was given to genetic or trophic diversity despite their documented importance for ecosystem function. Given the limited resources available for and high economic costs associated with habitat restoration projects, we recommend policies that account for biodiversity to bridge this gap and maximize ecosystem function and restoration success. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: Outcomes

Obesity is a rapidly growing health problem that contributes to numerous life-threatening or disabling problems including type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, degenerative joint disease, and obstructive sleep apnea. Significant weight reduction in the morbidly obese patient improves or reverses associated illness and benefits the patient’s general well-being. The resolution of comorbidities following surgically induced weight loss is well established. Type 2 diabetes mellitus resolves in 82% to 98.8% of patients, hypertension in 52% to 91.5%, gastroesophageal reflux in 72%-97.8%, hypercholesterolemia in 63% to 97%, sleep apnea in 74% to 97.8%, stress urinary incontinence in 44% to 97%, arthritis in 41% to 90.3%, and migraine headache in 57% (1–5). Superior outcomes are expected with increasing experience, perfection of operative technique, and refinements in postoperative care.
Long-Term Studies Reveal Differential Responses to Climate Change for Trees Under Soil- or Herbivore-Related Stress

Worldwide, trees are confronting increased temperature and aridity, exacerbating susceptibility to herbivory. Long-term studies comparing patterns of plant performance through drought can help identify variation among and within populations in vulnerability to climate change and herbivory. We use long-term monitoring data to examine our overarching hypothesis that the negative impacts of poor soil and herbivore susceptibility would be compounded by severe drought. We studied pinyon pine, Pinus edulis, a widespread southwestern tree species that has suffered extensive climate-change related mortality. We analyzed data on mortality, growth, male reproduction, and herbivory collected for 14-32 years in three areas with distinct soil-types. We used standardized precipitation-evapotranspiration index (SPEI) as a climate proxy that summarizes the impacts of drought due to precipitation and temperature variation on semi-arid forests. Several key findings emerged: 1) Plant performance measurements did not support our hypothesis that trees growing in stressful, coarse-textured soils would suffer more than trees growing in finer-textured soils. Stem growth at the area with coarse, young cinder soils (area one) responded only weakly to drought, while stem growth on more developed soils with sedimentary (area two) and volcanic (area three) substrates, was strongly negatively affected by drought. Male reproduction declined less with drought at area one and more at areas two and three. Overall mortality was 30% on coarse cinder soils (area one) and averaged 55% on finer soil types (areas two and three). 2) Although moth herbivore susceptible trees were hypothesized to suffer more with drought than moth resistant trees, the opposite occurred. Annual stem growth was negatively affected by drought for moth resistant trees, but much less strongly for moth susceptible trees. 3) In contrast to our hypothesis, moths declined with drought. Overall, chronically water-stressed and herbivore-susceptible trees had smaller declines in performance relative to less-stressed trees during drought years. These long-term findings support the idea that stressed trees might be more resistant to drought since they may have adapted or acclimated to resist drought-related mortality.
I See Me: The Role of Observer Imagery in Reducing Consumer Transgressions

As the number of consumer transgressions (i.e., acts of deliberately violating the established marketplace codes of conduct) continues to increase, so do their financial repercussions for companies. Though academic and managerial interest in addressing this issue is growing, research on how to dissuade consumers from committing transgressions remains scarce. Drawing on the mental imagery literature and normative moral theory, the present research examines a novel way of reducing consumers’ appraisals of their own transgressions. Whereas an actor-imagery perspective fosters a teleological, egoistic view of morality and, in turn, induces moral leniency, having consumers adopt an observer-imagery perspective fosters a deontological view of morality and, in turn, induces moral stringency. The effects are robust across various types of consumer transgressions, including the purchase of counterfeit products (Studies 1 and 3) and return fraud in the form of wardrobing (Study 2). Study 2 also rules out vividness as an alternative explanation for these effects. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.
Efficient Synthesis of Mutants Using Genetic Crosses

The genetic cross is a fundamental, flexible, and widely-used experimental technique to create new mutant strains from existing ones. Surprisingly, the problem of how to efficiently compute a sequence of crosses that can make a desired target mutant from a set of source mutants has received scarce attention. In this paper, we make three contributions to this question. First, we formulate several natural problems related to efficient synthesis of a target mutant from source mutants. Our formulations capture experimentally-useful notions of verifiability (e.g., the need to confirm that a mutant contains mutations in the desired genes) and permissibility (e.g., the requirement that no intermediate mutants in the synthesis be inviable). Second, we develop combinatorial techniques to solve these problems. We prove that checking the existence of a verifiable, permissible synthesis is \cnp-complete in general. We complement this result with three polynomial time or fixed-parameter tractable algorithms for optimal synthesis of a target mutant for special cases of the problem that arise in practice. Third, we apply these algorithms to simulated data and to synthetic data. We use results from simulations of a mathematical model of the cell cycle to replicate realistic experimental scenarios where a biologist may be interested in creating several mutants in order to verify model predictions. Our results show that the consideration of permissible mutants can affect the existence of a synthesis or the number of crosses in an optimal one. Our algorithms gracefully handle the restrictions that permissible mutants impose. Results on synthetic data show that our algorithms scale well with increases in the size of the input and the fixed parameters.
When Tourism Comes to You (But You Still Have to Go Get It, Dawg): The Rickmobile and Transmedia Tourism/Fandom

This paper analyzes the Rickmobile as a site of mobile media pilgrimage and fan tourist destination. The Rickmobile is a mobile, pop-up merchandise car themed and designed around eponymous Rick Sanchez from the cult cartoon Rick and Morty. As a material fan object and as an object of fan tourism, the Rickmobile becomes a site of overlapping discourses surrounding the historical context of cult merchandising, media pilgrimage, and social media ‘pre-textual’ fan reporting (Hills 2015b). At the same time, it problematizes traditional fan studies’ examinations of active and passive fan labor. This paper argues that the Rickmobile functions as a pseudo transmedia extension, allowing fans to create one type of active Rick and Morty fan experience, but to be used as a different type of passive industrial Rick and Morty experience.
Association Between Sex Composition and Publication Productivity of Journal Editorial and Professional Society Board Members in Ophthalmology.

Importance Because women remain underrepresented in leadership positions in medicine, including ophthalmology, knowledge of sex composition of ophthalmic journal editorial and professional society boards seems warranted. Objectives To investigate the sex composition of ophthalmic journal editorial and professional society boards and compare the publication productivity and number of citations of male vs female board members. Design, Setting, and Participants In this cross-sectional study, the SCImago Journal Rank indicator was used to identify the 20 highest-ranked ophthalmology journals. Faculty members from each ophthalmic subspecialty were surveyed within a US academic ophthalmology department to identify 15 influential ophthalmology societies. The 2018 board members of each journal and society were identified from the journals’ and societies’ official websites, and the sex of each individual was recorded. Information regarding journals and societies was collected from October 1 to December 31, 2018. The Scopus database was accessed in January 2019 and then used to find each member’s h-index and m-quotient. Main Outcomes and Measures The h-index, defined as the highest number of an author’s publications that received at least h number of citations, was calculated for each board member. The m-quotient, which accounts for varying lengths of academic careers, was calculated by dividing the h-index by the number of years since first publication. Results Of the 1077 members of ophthalmic journal editorial and society leadership boards, 797 (74.0%) were men and 280 (26.0%) were women. Among the 24 editors in chief of the 20 journals investigated, 23 (95.8%) were male. Thirteen of the 15 professional society presidents (86.7%) were men. Male board members had significantly higher median h-indexes (male vs female journals: 34 [interquartile range {IQR}, 23-47] vs 28 [IQR, 19-40],P Conclusions and Relevance The findings suggest that the sex composition on journal editorial and professional society boards in ophthalmology is consistent with the sex composition of ophthalmologists in the US, as reported by the Association of American Colleges, but that editor in chief and society president positions are male dominated despite the apparent equality in academic productivity.
Effects of Diabetes on Mitochondrial Morphology and Its Implications in Diabetic Retinopathy.

Purpose To determine whether high glucose (HG) or diabetes alters mitochondrial morphology and promotes mitochondrial fragmentation in retinal vascular cells and thereby triggers apoptosis associated with diabetic retinopathy. Methods To assess whether diabetes promotes mitochondrial fragmentation and thereby triggers apoptosis, retinas from nondiabetic and diabetic rats were analyzed using electron microscopy (EM) and in parallel, wild-type, diabetic, and OPA1+/- mice were analyzed for optic atrophy gene 1 (OPA1) and cytochrome c levels using Western blot (WB) analysis. To assess the relationship between mitochondrial fragmentation and OPA1 levels, rat retinal endothelial cells (RRECs) were grown in normal (N; 5 mmol/L) medium, HG (30 mmol/L) medium, or in N medium transfected with OPA1 siRNA for seven days. Cells were examined for OPA1 expression and cytochrome c release by WB. In parallel, cells were stained with MitoTracker Red and assessed for mitochondrial fragmentation in live cells using confocal microscopy. Results EM images revealed significant mitochondrial fragmentation in vascular cells of retinal capillaries of diabetic rats compared with that of nondiabetic rats. WB analysis showed significant OPA1 downregulation concomitant with increased levels of proapoptotic cytochrome c levels in cells grown in HG and in cells transfected with OPA1 siRNA alone. Similarly, OPA1 level was significantly reduced in diabetic retinas compared with that of nondiabetic retinas. Interestingly, OPA1+/- animals exhibited elevated cytochrome c release similar to those of diabetic mice. Conclusions Findings indicate that diabetes promotes mitochondrial fragmentation in retinal vascular cells, which are driven, at least in part, by decreased OPA1 levels leading to apoptosis in diabetic retinopathy.
Punitive Damages Decision Making: The Decisions of Citizens and Trial Court Judges

Some states have allocated the authority to determine the amount of punitive damages to judges rather than to juries. The present study explored the determination of damages by jury - eligible citizens and trial court judges. The punitive damage awards of both groups were of similar magnitude and variability. The compensatory damages of jurors were marginally lower but, in some conditions, were more variable than the compensatory damage awards of judges. Both groups appropriately utilized information about both the actual and potential severity of the harm to the plaintiff in determining punitive damages and used only the actual severity of the injury in determining compensatory damages. The punitive damage awards of both groups were influenced by the wealth of the defendant, but the compensatory damage awards of judges were marginally more influenced by defendant wealth than those of citizens. The results are discussed in the context of proposals for punitive damages reform.
Self-Expandable Transcatheter Aortic Valve Frame Infolding: An Increasingly Recognized Complication.

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) with either a balloon-expandable or a self-expandable transcatheter heart valve (THV) is an approved therapy for patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis and high or intermediate surgical risk. Here we present a case of severe valve frame infolding of a CoreValve Evolut PRO® self-expandable THV (Medtronic Inc.), which was restored to optimal geometry with balloon post-dilation. LEARNING POINTS Clinicians should be aware of the rare complication of frame infolding during deployment of a self-expanding transcatheter valve. Multimodality cardiac imaging is important to optimize transcatheter valve deployment. Keywords: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement, cardiac CT scan CASE DESCRIPTION A 93-year-old man with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis (AS) was referred to our centre for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Pre-procedural computed tomography (Fig. 1) showed severe trileaflet aortic valve calcification, and extensive calcium extending from the aortic annulus to the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT). Our heart team decided to proceed with a CoreValve Evolut PRO® self-expandable TAVR (Medtronic Inc. Minneapolis, MN, USA). Open in a separate window Figure 1 Aortic annulus with eccentric calcification
Epidemiology of disturbing dreams in a diverse US sample.

Abstract Study objectives Disturbing dreams are a common complaint among trauma survivors, but little epidemiological research exists to document the frequency in the general population. In addition, information about their occurrence in diverse adults is lacking. Methods Using the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys we had the unique opportunity to examine disturbing dreams in a diverse sample of adults in the US. Disturbing dreams were measured in three different variables including trauma dreams, dreams of the worst event, and dreams of separation. A fourth variable was created to assess for any disturbing dream reported across the three categories. Results Disturbing dream prevalence varied in the overall sample (N = 20,013) based on the assessment question. Dreams of trauma was 2.01% in the overall sample, dreams of the worst event was 7.21% and dreams of separation was 1.73%. Prevalence rates of all dream variables varied by racial and ethnic group membership, gender, and age. Odds ratios were also calculated for the three variables of interest by racial and ethnic group with significant differences emerging. Women had significantly higher rates of disturbing dreams in all variables assessed (p Conclusions This study establishes prevalence rates for disturbing dreams in a diverse sample of US adults. Understanding the prevalence can aid in reducing barriers to care for evidence-based treatments currently underutilized.
Integrating popular music into urban schools: Assessing the effectiveness of a comprehensive music teacher development program:

As popular music education programs become more common, it is essential to determine what kinds of professional development experiences that are designed to help teachers include popular music into...
Proposal of orientation-independent measure of intensity for earthquake-resistant design:

A new measure of ground motion intensity in the horizontal direction is proposed. Similarly to other recently proposed measures of intensity, the proposed intensity measure is also independent of t...
Matched Runs Method to Study Extended Regions of Gamma-ray Emission

Imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes, such as the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Tele-scope Array System (VERITAS), are uniquely suited to resolve the detailed morphology ofextended regions of gamma-ray emission. However, standard VERITAS data analysis techniques have insufficient sensitivity to gamma-ray sources spanning the VERITAS field of view (3.5°),due to difficulties with background estimation. For analysis of such spatially extended sources with 0.5° to greater than 2° radius, we developed the Matched Runs Method. This method derives background estimations for observations of extended sources using matched separate observations of known point sources taken under similar observing conditions. Our technique has been validated by application to archival VERITAS data. Here we present a summary of the Matched RunsMethod and multiple validation studies on different gamma-ray sources using VERITAS data.
Vibrational Relaxation in Liquid and Solid Quinoline

The infrared and Raman contours of a fundamental of quinoline (1033 cm–1) in its liquid and solid (crystalline and glassy) phases have been Fourier-inverted. The correlation functions show essentially only vibrational relaxation which is greatly influenced by the state of the surrounding molecules. A large distribution of frozen-in molecular configurations (glassy state) leads to relatively rapid vibrational relaxation; a more isotropic environment (crystal and dilute solution) lead to much slower vibrational decay. The quantitative aspects can be described by a ‘true’ vibrational correlation function and by a modulation factor arising from the medium-induced perturbations of the vibrational level.
A two-sample Bayesian t-test for microarray data

Determining whether a gene is differentially expressed in two different samples remains an important statistical problem. Prior work in this area has featured the use of t-tests with pooled estimates of the sample variance based on similarly expressed genes. These methods do not display consistent behavior across the entire range of pooling and can be biased when the prior hyperparameters are specified heuristically. A two-sample Bayesian t-test is proposed for use in determining whether a gene is differentially expressed in two different samples. The test method is an extension of earlier work that made use of point estimates for the variance. The method proposed here explicitly calculates in analytic form the marginal distribution for the difference in the mean expression of two samples, obviating the need for point estimates of the variance without recourse to posterior simulation. The prior distribution involves a single hyperparameter that can be calculated in a statistically rigorous manner, making clear the connection between the prior degrees of freedom and prior variance. The test is easy to understand and implement and application to both real and simulated data shows that the method has equal or greater power compared to the previous method and demonstrates consistent Type I error rates. The test is generally applicable outside the microarray field to any situation where prior information about the variance is available and is not limited to cases where estimates of the variance are based on many similar observations.
α,α‐Difluorotoluene and Benzenesulfinyl Fluoride

α,α-difluorotoluene and benzenesulfinyl fluoride product: α,α-difluorotoluene product: benzenesulfinyl fluoride Keywords: replacement reactions, miscellaneous; phenylsulfur trifluoride, toxic, skin irritant
Flow rate dictates permeability enhancement during fluid pressure oscillations in laboratory experiments

Flow rate dictates permeability enhancement during fluid pressure oscillations in laboratory experiments Thibault Candela 1,2 , Emily E. Brodsky 2 , Chris Marone 1 , Derek Elsworth 1 1.Dept Geosciences, Penn State Univ, University Park, PA, United States. 2.Dept Earth Sciences, UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States.
Chebyshev Moment Problems: Maximum Entropy and Kernel Polynomial Methods

Two Chebyshev recursion methods are presented for calculations with very large sparse Hamiltonians, the kernel polynomial method (KPM) and the maximum entropy method (MEM). They are applicable to physical properties involving large numbers of eigenstates such as densities of states, spectral functions, thermodynamics, total energies for Monte Carlo simulations and forces for tight binding molecular dynamics. This paper emphasizes efficient algorithms.
Bax, Ad: NMR of Ethanol and Interferon‐γ

The sections in this article are 1 Getting Started 2 Oxford Blues 3 The Mile High Club 4 Welcome to the Government 5 Proteins are Big 6 Triple Fun 7 We Can Count to Four 8 What's in the Crystal Ball? 9 Biographical Sketch
The Genetics of Interferon Production

As it is evident both from indirect evidence using inhibitors and direct evidence using enucleated cells that synthesis of interferon is dependent upon nuclear components, it should be possibly by using cytogenetic techniques to assign interferon structural genes to specific chromosomes.
Interacting Binaries and Mass Loss in Hot Stars

Studies of the ultraviolet spectra of hot interacting binaries reveal methods that may represent important new tools for probing the physical conditions in the winds emanating from hot stars. Two systems, Mu Sagittarii and UW CMa are taken as examples of how these methods can be utilized to investigate the physics of mass loss in such objects.
Emergence and survival of horseweed (Conyza canadensis).

Micheal D. K. Owen Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 Horseweed emergence and survival were evaluated in no-tillage soybean and corn at Rosemount, MN, and Ames, IA, from the fall of 1992 through the summer of 1995. Most of the horseweed at both locations emerged in the fall. Winter survival of fall-emerged seedlings ranged from 59 to 91%. Timing and extent of horseweed emergence in spring varied by year and location. Spring emergence ranged from 5 to 32% of total emergence, with greater spring emergence at Rosemount than at Ames. Emergence occurred as late as early June at Rosemount and late May at Ames. Results indicated that horseweed may emerge well into the growing season, and spring emergence should be considered in weed management systems for no-tillage crop production.
Survey of Acute Care Hospitals in the United States Relative to Technology Usage and Technology Transfer

This is a national survey of acute care hospitals. A random sample of 813 hospitals was selected. The purpose of the study was to measure the extent of information systems integration in the financial, medical, and administrative systems of the hospitals. The response rate is expected to be approximately 30%. This information will provide a benchmark for hospitals to determine their technology transfer position and to set goals.
Biodiversity and Climate Change Laws: A Failure to Communicate

Climate change driven by global warming is substantially modifying important ecosystems and threatens to destroy great swaths of biodiversity. At both the international and state levels, two separate sets of laws exist – one addresses biodiversity and endangered species (e.g., the United Nations Convention on Biodiversity, and the U.S. Endangered Species Act and comparable laws in other countries) and the other addresses greenhouse gas emissions. Each body of law poses the same (but mirrored) analytic question. That is, to what extent do the domestic and international laws of biodiversity consider climate change in their regulatory frameworks? And, conversely, to what extent do the emerging international and domestic climate change legal regimes account for biodiversity in their regulatory schemes? Are the regimes compatible, or do they operate at cross-purposes? Is the extent of incorporation adequate and effective? If not, how could the laws be improved to incorporate biodiversity concerns into climate change decisions, and to fold climate change concerns into the operation of biodiversity laws. For instance, will greenhouse gas offset projects and emission trading regimes promote monoculture reforestation at the expense of biodiversity, or will biodiversity protection and enhancement be encouraged in evaluating projects? Conversely, the effects of warming are already being felt by a variety of ecosystems from coral reefs to Arctic sea ice; does this trigger legal obligations under biodiversity laws, and if so, what kind of remedies might be available under those laws? This paper argues the climate change legal regime and biodiversity legal regime operate on separate paths that fail to link biodiversity and climate change policy into decision making. As a result, there is a significant risk that climate change policy will be inconsistent with biodiversity goals and that biodiversity policy could interfere with climate change policy goals.
A Proteomics approach to identifying key protein targets involved in vegf‐inhibitor mediated attenuation of bleomycin‐induced pulmonary fibrosis

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease with a life expectancy of less than 5 years post diagnosis for most patients. Poor molecular characterization of IPF has led to insufficient understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease, resulting in lack of effective therapies. In this study, we have integrated a label-free LC-MS based approach with systems biology to identify signaling pathways and regulatory nodes within protein interaction networks that govern phenotypic changes that may lead to IPF. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of proteins modulated in response to bleomycin treatment identified PI3K/Akt and Wnt signaling as the most significant profibrotic pathways. Similar analysis of proteins modulated in response to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor (CBO-P11) treatment identified natural killer cell signaling and PTEN signaling as the most significant antifibrotic pathways. Mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) were identified to be key mediators of pro- and antifibrotic response, where bleomycin (BLM) treatment resulted in increased expression and VEGF inhibitor treatment attenuated expression of mTOR and ERK. Using a BLM mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis and VEGF inhibitor CBO-P11 as a therapeutic measure, we identified a comprehensive set of signaling pathways and proteins that contribute to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis that can be targeted for therapy against this fatal disease.
Roles and functions of benefits counseling specialists: A multi-trait analysis

The purpose of this study is to examine the roles and functions of benefits counseling specialists. One-hundred and forty-eight benefits counseling specialists rated the Benefits Specialists Practice Inventory – Revised using a 5-point importance rating scale. Data were analyzed using multi-trait analysis. The multi-trait analysis tentatively supported the three-factor structure of the Benefits Specialists Practice Inventory – Revised, indicating that benefits screening (M= 4.43, SD= 0.47), benefits advisement (M= 4.49, SD= 0.56), and benefits management (M= 4.07, SD= 0.88) are most central to the job performance of benefits counseling specialists. In addition, benefits counseling specialists in the current study rated themselves as relatively well prepared to perform these benefits counseling job functions, with benefits advisement rated the highest (M= 4.23, SD= 0.76), followed by benefits screening (M= 4.15, SD= 0.70), and then by benefits management (M= 3.75, SD= 0.96). However, multi-trait analysis also suggested that there might be more than three essential job functions for benefits counseling specialists and more comprehensive research in the future is warranted.
Dynamics of pollutant photoreactions in the hydrosphere

Light-induced transformations of organic chemicals have been studied to provide kinetic results concerning the influence of sunlight on pollutant behavior in lakes and rivers. A review of these studies shows that the humus component of the dissolved organic matter in natural water affects aquatic photoreactions in two important ways: by attenuating sunlight and by sensitizing photoreactions. Studies of humus-sensitized photoreactions of furans, sulfides, dienes, nitroaromatic compounds, and other chemicals are discussed. Research concerning effects of aquatic particulates on pollutant photoreaction rates are reviewed. Suspended sediments mainly affect photolysis rates through light attenuation and scattering. Algae, diatoms, and bacteria accelerate light-induced transformations of anilines and phosphorothioate insecticides, suggesting that photobiological processes may play a significant role in the breakdown of certain pollutants in aquatic environments. Evidence is presented that nitrate, iron species, and peroxides may be responsible for sunlight-initiated free radical oxidations of pollutants in some natural waters.
Formation of diacylglycerol by a phospholipase D-phosphatidate phosphatase pathway specific for phosphatidylcholine in endothelial cells.

Abstract The conversion of phosphatidylcholine (PC) to diacylglycerol (DAG) was studied in sonicated endothelial cells and in subcellular fractions in the presence of 0.05% Triton X-100 and 2 mM EDTA. DAG formation occurred predominantly in an organelle fraction that sedimented at 15 000 × g. In parallel reactions with exogenous 1-oleoyl-2-[3H]oleoyl-PC ( sn-2-[ 3 H] DOPC ) and phosphatidyl[3H]choline ([choline-3H]PC), [3H]DAG was formed by a reaction pathway in which [3H]choline was the only product derived from [choline-3H]PC. [3H]Choline was not formed secondarily from [3H]glycerophosphocholine or [3H]phosphocholine. Small amounts of [3H]phosphatidate ([3H]PA) were isolated from reactions with sn-2-[ 3 H] DOPC at short incubation times, and substantial PA phosphatase activity was demonstrated. These data, taken together, supported a phospholipase D-PA phosphatase pathway of DAG formation. Kinetic data established that the low ratio of [3H]PA/[3H]DAG formed in reactions with sn-2-[ 3 H] DOPC was due to a 15-fold higher Vmax and 7-fold lower apparent Km of the PA phosphatase. The [3H]PA/[3H]DAG product ratio was increased by addition of unlabeled PA or by selective extraction of phospholipase D with Triton X-100. The characteristics of the phospholipase D indicated a unique enzyme. Activity was optimal in the presence of EDTA and was almost totally dependent upon Triton X-100. The pH profile displayed a peak at 7.0. Of particular significance was the stringent substrate specificity. Phosphatidylinositol was not hydrolyzed, and activities towards phosphatidylethanolamine and sphingomyelin were at most 30- to 50-fold lower than those towards PC. Phospholipase D and PA phosphatase were identified in a number of rat tissues and other cells. The highest activities of phospholipase D were present in lung and endothelial cells. Phospholipase D was partially purified from rat lung by Triton X-100 extraction and anion exchange chromatography. When linked with PA phosphatase, the phospholipase D could initiate a pathway of DAG formation that is highly specific for PC.