cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
PRAME expression is not associated with down-regulation of retinoic acid signaling in primary acute myeloid leukemia.

Abstract The tumor antigen preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma (PRAME) is frequently overexpressed in a wide variety of malignant diseases, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It was recently shown that PRAME can function as a repressor of retinoic acid signaling, as indicated by down-regulation of retinoic acid receptor-β (RARB) and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A). Another study suggested that PRAME can induce caspase-independent apoptosis via down-regulation of heat shock 27-kDa protein 1 (HSPB1) and S100 calcium–binding protein A4 (S100A4). The transcriptional repression of PRAME depends on the formation of a complex with the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2). To test whether these mechanisms play an important roll in AML, we analyzed the expression of PRAME , EZH2 , RARB , HSPB1 , S100A4 , and CDKN1A by real-time polymerase chain reaction in primary leukemic cells from 52 children with AML. All genes were expressed in many patients, but the level of expression of the last four genes was not associated with either PRAME expression or PRAME and EZH2 co-expression. In conclusion, the above mechanisms do not seem to play a major role in the pathogenesis of AML; they could be neutralized by other pathways that affect the same targets.
Phenotypic characterization of subsets of T cell lymphoma: towards a functional classification of T cell lymphoma.

T cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (T-NHL) have traditionally been classified according to a variety of criteria including histological and clinical features, sites of involvement and etiologic agents. Except in select T-NHL types (e.g. CD30-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL)), immunophenotypic criteria are not used for routine subclassification of T-NHL. In this article, we outline the current models for classification and diagnosis of T cell tumors. We also briefly review the current understanding of non-neoplastic T cell subsets with regards to expression of activation markers belonging to the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) gene family. We summarize the currently available information on expression of these subset markers in T cell tumors, focusing on TNFR family members CD30 and CD134/OX40. CD134/OX40 expression is characteristic of certain entities (angioimmunoblastic lymphoma, angiocentric T-NHL) and a subset of T-NHLs of unspecified type, whereas CD30 expression is characteristic of ...
Lethal Hypoplasia and Developmental Anomalies of the Lungs in a Newborn with Intrauterine Adrenal Hemorrhage and Cerebral Infarcts: A Proposed Pulmonary Disruption Sequence:

We report a case of a 31-week-gestation male newborn who died soon after birth from intractable respiratory failure and persistent pulmonary hypertension. The pregnancy had been complicated by intermittent bleeding between 13 and 20 weeks' gestation, attributed to peripheral placental separation, as well as bilateral fetal adrenal hemorrhage, first detected at 17 weeks' gestation. Postmortem examination revealed small, calcified adrenal glands as well as several remote cerebral and cerebellar infarcts. The lungs were hypoplastic (lung weight/body weight ratio: 1.64%; 10th percentile for 28-36 weeks' gestation: 2.27%) and distorted by exaggerated lobulation. Microscopically, the lungs exhibited several developmental anomalies, including focal acinar dysgenesis suggestive of arrested development in the pseudoglandular stage of development (8-16 weeks' gestation) (mainly in the upper lobes), and features of bronchial obstruction, including focal lobular hyperplasia and microcystic maldevelopment (mainly in the lower lobes). The adrenal and cerebral findings were consistent with a severe early-gestation hypoxic-ischemic insult, likely related to peripheral placental separation and chronic abruption. The co-occurrence and timing of these well-recognized hypoxic lesions provide further evidence that certain developmental lung anomalies, such as focal acinar dysplasia, focal lobular hyperplasia, and microcystic maldevelopment, may, at least in some cases, have a hypoxic/ischemic etiology.
Multiple model regression estimation

This paper presents a new learning formulation for multiple model estimation (MME). Under this formulation, training data samples are generated by several (unknown) statistical models. Hence, most existing learning methods (for classification or regression) based on a single model formulation are no longer applicable. We describe a general framework for MME. Then we introduce a constructive support vector machine (SVM)-based methodology for multiple regression estimation. Several empirical comparisons using synthetic and real-life data sets are presented to illustrate the proposed approach for multiple model regression formulation.
Experimental modeling of the effect of adjacent lane traffic on the vehicular channel

Our experimental study measures the effects of a stationary and a moving vehicle on the 22 MHz 802.11b and the 20 MHz 802.11a channel using a vector network analyzer (VNA). The experiments with the vehicle slowly passing by a transmitter-receiver pair correspond to a case study where the communication session occurs in a single lane of a multi-lane highway with a vehicle moving in the adjacent lane. We propose a corresponding ray-tracing model based on the bistatic radar equation which predicts the link power for a given car geometry and the position of transmit and receive antennas. The model converts a near field propagation problem to a superposition of a set of far field sub-problems by representing the vehicle as a set of (sufficiently small) ideally conductive flat tiles. Hence, the channel transfer function is determined as a sum of the line-of-sight (LOS) component and the rays reflected from the tiles. The ray strengths are a function of the effective tile radar cross sections (RCSs). The carefully selected RCS model allows for a good match between the measurements and the resulting ray-tracing model. Both the model and the measurements illustrate that the change in the propagation geometry on the order of centimeters, created by a car passing in the proximity (on the order of meters), results in the change of the signal power at the receiver on the order of several decibels.
Effect of iron acquisition on induction of DNA single-strand breaks by erionite, a carcinogenic mineral fiber.

Abstract It has been proposed that iron from inhaled fibers, such as asbestos, is responsible for their toxicity and carcinogenicity. The natural fibrous zeolite erionite is far more carcinogenic than asbestos, but contains little or no iron. Fibers that persist in the lung accumulate iron on their surfaces. The ability of erionite to induce formation of single-strand breaks in φX174 RFI DNA was investigated before and after binding of iron. Unmodified erionite did not induce DNA single-strand breaks with or without ascorbate and/or the iron chelator EDTA. When erionite (1 mg/ml) was suspended in 25, 50, 100, or 500 μM FeCl 2 , it readily bound iron (25, 50, 93, or 176 nmol Fe/mg, respectively, in 1 h), apparently through ion exchange. When erionite was suspended in FeCl 3 at identical concentrations for 1 h, it also bound iron (24, 46, 89, or 239 nmol Fe/mg). The ferric iron did not appear to bind primarily through ion exchange, but appeared to be deposited on the surface, probably in the form of hydroxides/oxyhydroxides. When ferrous iron was bound to erionite, single-strand breaks in DNA were induced in the absence of ascorbate, but when ferric iron was bound, DNA single-strand breaks were observed only in the presence of ascorbate. When EDTA or citrate was added, this activity increased with the amount of iron mobilized from the fiber. If iron acquired by erionite in vivo is similarly mobilized, it may damage biomolecules throughout the cell, including DNA. This may explain the toxicity and carcinogenicity of erionite.
Rapid, noncontact, damage free shaping of optical and other surfaces with plasma assisted chemical etching

Experimental results are presented demonstrating that plasma-assisted chemical etching (PACE) can rapidly and controllably figure (shape) and smooth optical surfaces without mechanical contact. This process, for example, significantly reduces the constraints on the design of quartz optical elements imposed by mechanical processes, such as the requirement of substrate rigidity and the limitation of sphericity of the resulting surface. The pertinent chemistry and physics of this process is summarized to provide a basis for understanding its characteristics. A theory of surface evolution applicable to PACE is used to show the range of surface topographies predicted for PACE. It is shown, among other things, that both isotropic and anisotropic etch processes intrinsically microsmooth features smaller than 0.1 mm, and that removal smooths while deposition roughens. >
HDAC inhibitors and neurodegeneration: At the edge between protection and damage

The use of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) as a therapeutic tool for neurodegenerative disorders has been examined with great interest in the last decade. The functional response to treatment with broad-spectrum inhibitors however, has been heterogeneous: protective in some cases and detrimental in others. In this review we discuss potential underlying causes for these apparently contradictory results. Because HDACs are part of repressive complexes, the functional outcome has been characteristically attributed to enhanced gene expression due to increased acetylation of lysine residues on nucleosomal histones. However, it is important to take into consideration that the up-regulation of diverse sets of genes (i.e. pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic) may orchestrate different responses in diverse cell types. An alternative possibility is that broad-spectrum pharmacological inhibition may target nuclear or cytosolic HDAC isoforms, with distinct non-histone substrates (i.e. transcription factors; cytoskeletal proteins). Thus, for any given neurological disorder, it is important to take into account the effect of HDACIs on neuronal, glial and inflammatory cells and define the relative contribution of distinct HDAC isoforms to the pathological process. This review article addresses how opposing effects on distinct cell types may profoundly influence the overall therapeutic potential of HDAC inhibitors when investigating treatments for neurodegenerative disorders.
Tunable assembly of graphene oxide surfactant sheets: wrinkles, overlaps and impacts on thin film properties

Graphene oxide (GO) sheets are a unique type of soft building block for creating functional graphene based materials and devices. Rapid progress has been made in the chemistry and applications of GO. However, there is a pressing need for rational assembly strategies of these two-dimensional (2D) sheets, which is crucial for determining the microstructures and thus final properties of bulk GO or graphene materials. For example, wrinkles and overlaps are the two fundamental morphologies between flexible, interacting sheets that are usually convoluted in solution-processed thin films. Based on the recent discovery of the surfactant-like property of GO sheets and their pH dependent amphiphilicity, now we are able to control the tiling of such 2D sheets to obtain thin films with either a wrinkled or overlapped type of microstructure, thus allowing us to deconvolute how these two basic microstructures affect the electrical and optical properties of the final thin films. The work here provides a well-defined example of the materials science paradigm, the microstructure-properties relationship, for this new soft material.
Portable library development for reconfigurable computing systems: A case study

Portable libraries of highly-optimized hardware cores can significantly reduce the development time of reconfigurable computing applications. This paper presents the tradeoffs and challenges in the design of such libraries. A set of library development guidelines is provided, which has been validated with the RCLib case study. RCLib is a set of portable libraries with over 100 cores, targeting a wide range of applications. RCLib portability has been verified in three major High-Performance reconfigurable computing architectures: SRC6, Cray XD1 and SGI RC100. Compared to full-software implementations, applications using RCLib hardware acceleration cores show speedups ranging from one to four orders of magnitude.
Role of dietary choices in the ability of bobwhite to discriminate between insecticide‐treated and untreated food

Tests were conducted to determine the dietary concentrations at which 14-d-old bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) chicks could discriminate between food treated (TRT) with two organophosphorus (OP) insecticides (chlorpyrifos and methyl parathion) and untreated (UNT) food. Results of subacute dietary LC50 tests using one feeder of TRT food per cage were compared with those of tests in which birds were presented with two feeders (one TRT and one UNT, 1:1) or 10 feeders (five TRT and five UNT, 5:5; or nine TRT and one UNT, 9:1). The dietary concentration above which birds discriminated between TRT and UNT feeders by consuming a greater proportion of UNT food was defined as the discrimination threshold (DT). The DT occurred at sublethal dietary concentrations in all chlorpyrifos tests (DT = 45 ppm in 1:1 test, 24 ppm in 5:5 test and 69 ppm in 9:1 test; LC50 = 647 ppm) but increased in the methyl parathion tests as the number of choices and the relative proportion of TRT feeders increased (DT = 10 ppm in 1:1 test, 46 ppm in 5:5 test and >126 ppm in 9:1 test; LC50 = 91 ppm). The different responses were probably due to differences in the intensity of sensory cues presented by the two chemicals as the chicks developed conditioned aversions to them. In all tests, mortality was inversely related to total food consumption. No relationship was found between mortality and the amount of active ingredient ingested per bird-day. Consequently, the ability to locate UNT feeders was more important than the amount of chemical ingested. When alternative food choices exist, vulnerability to poisoning can be influenced by the number and relative abundance of those choices, as well as a bird's ability to detect the chemical.
Power-optimal pipelining in deep submicron technology

This paper explores the effectiveness of pipelining as a power saving tool, where the reduction in logic depth per stage is used to reduce supply voltage at a fixed clock frequency. We examine power-optimal pipelining in deep submicron technology, both analytically and by simulation. Simulation uses a 70 nm predictive process with a fanout-of-four inverter chain model including input/output flip-flops, and results are shown to match theory well. The simulation results show that power-optimal logic depth is 6 to 8 FO4 and optimal power saving varies from 55 to 80% compared to a 24 FO4 logic depth, depending on threshold voltage, activity factor, and presence of clock-gating. We decompose the power consumption of a circuit into three components, switching power, leakage power, and idle power, and present the following insights into power-optimal pipelining. First, power-optimal logic depth decreases and optimal power savings increase for larger activity factors, where switching power dominates over leakage and idle power. Second, pipelining is more effective with lower threshold voltages at high activity factors, but higher threshold voltages give better results at lower activity factors where leakage current dominates. Lastly, clock-gating enables deeper pipelining and more power saving because it reduces timing element overhead when the activity factor is low.
A CIRCUIT FOR STUDYING THE SYNCHRONIZATION OF CHAOTIC SYSTEMS

Recent work on the synchronizing of chaotic systems raises the possibility of finding ways to apply chaos to real problems. Studying these applications requires that real physical systems be used, as well as mathematical models. There are no general rules for designing or building such physical systems. We present here a circuit that is useful for studying applications of synchronized chaotic systems and discuss some of the considerations that went into designing this circuit. We also show how this circuit is used for studying cascaded synchronized chaotic systems.
What We See Makes Us Who We Are: Priming Ethnic Self-Awareness and Advertising Response

Abstract The authors propose that “ethnic self-awareness”—a temporary state during which a person is more sensitive to information related to his or her own ethnicity—moderates consumer response to targeted advertising. Ethnic self-awareness occurs when a person engages in a process of self-categorization and uses ethnic criteria as the basis for this categorization. The authors hypothesize that “ethnic primes”—visual or verbal cues that draw attention to ethnicity—direct self-categorization and increase ethnic self-awareness. To test these hypotheses, the authors conduct two experiments. Using 109 Asian and Caucasian participants, Experiment 1 assessed the impact of exposure to an Asian ethnic prime on ethnic self-awareness and on response to targeted television advertising. Exposure to an ethnic prime increased the rate at which participants spontaneously mentioned their ethnicity in self-descriptions (a measure of ethnic self-awareness) and caused participants to respond more favorably to same-ethnicit...
Leading change in cultural heritage institutions

Organizational management and change leadership are popular topics across the technology, business, and education fields. Libraries, Archives, and Museums (LAMs) are often centers of change but may not always think of themselves as being at the center or in the spotlight of change. In this article the author explores the broad notion of change leadership and considers the practice of change leadership in context of recent examples from the field.
Toward a Highly Available Modern Grid

The concept of fault-coverage and how it affects the availability of a dynamic grid is explained through a two-area power system represented by an aggregated swing model. Fault-coverage is intended to serve as a criterion for decisions in redundancy management to benefit system availability upon occurrence of a disturbance due to loss of equipment. The criterion allows the incorporation of formal measures of uncertainties associated with real-time fault diagnosis, as well as formal control performance measures. Also investigated is the effect of the availability of a modern grid’s supporting structure on the availability of the grid, with focus on a network of measurement units. The focus stems from the recognition of a greater need for real-time diagnosis and control in a modern power grid. A redundancy architecture design problem is formulated based on a Markov model of a measurement network, and a solution is presented that minimizes the number of phasor measurement unit (PMU) restorations and the usage of communication links to a PMU while maintaining a prescribed data availability at any PMU. A 3-bus/3-PMU network is used as an example to explain the formulation and the solution of the redundancy architecture design problem.
Nutritional Requirements with CAPD

Based on balance studies and other investigations, nutrient allowances are recommended for adult patients undergoing CAPD. The daily protein allowance should be 1.2 to 1.3 g/kg/day. Dietary carbohydrates should be complex predominantly and should provide about 35% of ingested calories, the remainder provided by dietary fat, preferably with a polyunsaturated: saturated fatty acid ratio of unity. Energy intake should be 35 to 42 kcal/ kg/day. Mineral requirements in CAPD include phosphorus restriction, calcium supplementation and a liberal sodium and water intake. Water soluble vitamins and vitamin D should be supplemented, but vitamins A and E should not.
Disassembly Sequencing Using Tabu Search

End-of-life disassembly has developed into a major research area within the sustainability paradigm, resulting in the emergence of several algorithms and structures proposing heuristics techniques such as Genetic Algorithm (GA), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) and Neural Networks (NN). The performance of the proposed methodologies heavily depends on the accuracy and the flexibility of the algorithms to accommodate several factors such as preserving the precedence relationships during disassembly while obtaining near- optimal and optimal solutions. This paper improves a previously proposed Genetic Algorithm model for disassembly sequencing by utilizing a faster metaheuristic algorithm, Tabu search, to obtain the optimal solution. The objectives of the proposed algorithm are to minimize (1) the traveled distance by the robotic arm, (2) the number of disassembly method changes, and (3) the number of robotic arm travels by combining the identical-material components together and hence eliminating unnecessary disassembly operations. In addition to improving the quality of optimum sequence generation, a comprehensive statistical analysis comparing the previous Genetic Algorithm and the proposed Tabu Search Algorithm is also included
Effect of Thyrocalcitonin on Duodenal Calcium Transport.

SummaryThe effect of thyrocalcitonin on calcium transport in the rat duodenum was investigated in acute studies by an in vivo perfusion method. Absorption and lumen-to-plasma flux were slightly decreased in the thyrocalcitonin treated animals, but the differences were not statistically significant.
Słowo w sakramencie spowiedzi

Dzielo austriackiego filozofa dialogu Ferdynanda Ebnera mialo zarowno bezpośredni, jak i pośredni wplyw na rozwoj sakramentu pokuty po II Soborze Watykanskim. Jego pogląd, ze lu- dzie otrzymali „slowo" od Boga, ktory jest „Wiecznym Ty", wplynelo na poglebienie soborowej teologii slowa. Grzech rozumiany jest jako odrzucenie dialogu, zamkniecie sie na Ty, na co lekar- stwo przynosi autentyczna sakramentalna spowiedź w i poprzez cud Boskiego daru slowa skiero- wanego do ludzi. Wplyw Ebnera na Sobor jest tu bezpośredni, zwlaszcza na opracowanie Konsty- tucji dogmatycznej o Objawieniu Bozym Dei Verbum , natomiast wplynąl on pośrednio na nowy Obrzed Sakramentu Pokuty, co widac w poglebionej teologii slowa, ktora juz wcześniej zostala „wchlonieta" przez Sobor. Warto podjąc dalsze studium nad myślą Ebnera jako pryzmatu, przez ktory mozna zastosowac inne filozofie jezyka dla lepszego zrozumienia sakramentu spowiedzi.
Laertes' Return to Elsinore

we are left only with the darkening mirror, the visions fading and leaving not a rack behind. Once again the Epilogue reminds us that Prospero has used up all his magic in the play, and what more he can do depends on us."5 When one reads the Epilogue in the context of Ecclesiasticus, these comments seem definitely to move in the right direction. The "cloud-capp'd towers" among which the members of the audience live will vanish, leaving "not a rack behind", just as the masque dissolved earlier in the play and as the play itself has now ended. But the solemn upward movement of the closing lines has a more positive implication. Although in the play's most striking lines our world is dispelled like a cloud, in the close the image seems to be one of penetrating upwards through the vanishing clouds of appearance to a reality beyond. Prospero's "despair" is a condition of not being able to penetrate these clouds. He might cry like Jeremiah, "Thou hast covered thyself with a cloud, that our prayer should not pass through" (Lamentations 3:44). But the way out is through mutual pardon, and through prayer. "The prayer of the humble pierceth the clouds", "assaults / Mercy itself, and frees all faults", even the fault of mortality.
Abstract 204: Breast cancer stem and non-stem-like cells express varying levels of selectin ligand activities.

Cancer stem cells are a subset of tumor cells proposed to possess traits enabling metastatic invasion. Independently, selectins and their ligands are believed to play major roles in mediating the adhesion of circulating tumor cells to vascular endothelium during hematogenous metastasis. We thus hypothesized that the expression level of selectin ligands on breast cancer cells is related to breast cancer stem cell (BSC) or non-BSC phenotypes. Five breast carcinoma cell lines analyzed by flow cytometry were categorized as BSCs by the surface expression profile CD44+/CD24-/low, or non-BSCs marked by alternative expression of these proteins. All cell lines positively expressed E-, P-, and L-selectin ligand activity by flow cytometric analysis as well as under physiological flow conditions. Consistent with their E-selectin ligand activities, all cell lines expressed putative glycans for E-selectin binding, including sLeX, sLeA, and/or VIM-2 glycans, found by flow cytometric analysis. Yet the level of selectin ligand activity and glycan expression in BSCs was conspicuously lower than in non-BSCs. The abundant production of selectin-reactive glycans in non-BSCs was associated with α-(1,3)- and α-(1,4)-fucosyltransferases, as indicated by qRT-PCR analysis. Importantly, BSCs as well as non-BSCs expressed molecules, such as CD44, that are capable of carrying carbohydrates necessary for E-selectin ligand function. Furthermore, BSCs were mesenchymal-like and non-BSCs were epithelial-like cells, as found by immunostaining of breast cancer cells for E-cadherin and N-cadherin in fluorescence microscopy. Significantly, treatment of a non-BSC cell line with TGF-β induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marked by changes in cell morphology, increases in expression levels of N-cadherin, and increases in E-cadherin suppressor genes. These EMT cells showed reduced levels of E-selectin ligand activity under physiological flow conditions, indicating loss of selectin ligand activity upon acquisition of mesenchymal properties. In summary, the selectin ligand activity of BSCs is lower than that of non-BSCs, and the level of selectin ligand activity of breast cancer cells is potentially controlled by BSC and EMT states. Citation Format: Venktesh S. Shirure, Chengkai Xiong, Fabian Benencia, Monica M. Burdick. Breast cancer stem and non-stem-like cells express varying levels of selectin ligand activities. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 204. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-204
Comparison of two polarity measurements of hydrophobic organic matter for the evaluation of water treatment processes: XAD resin and PRAM.

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a mixture of thousands of organic molecules wide-ranging in molecular weight, polarity and physicochemical properties. DOM is responsible for multiple water treatment issues such as trihalomethane (THM) formation potential and membrane fouling. Two methods of evaluating the polarity of DOM are being used for water treatment application: a serial XAD resin adsorption method at acid pH and the polarity rapid assessment method (PRAM) by parallel solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridges at natural pH. These two methods have been described by their authors as able to define a hydrophobic fraction though they do so by sorption onto different types of material at different pHs. The first part of this study compared the PRAM and XAD methods and showed that the hydrophobic fractions defined by the two approaches were not correlated. This result highlighted the difficulties in defining fractions as ‘hydrophobic material’. It appeared that the sorbents for XAD-8 (an acrylic polymer containing oxygen) at pH <3 and C-18 (a pure hydrocarbon polymer coating on silica particles) at neutral or pH <3 did not retain similar hydrophobic fractions. This hypothesis was verified by fluorescence spectroscopy of the effluent of the XAD-8 resin and PRAM C-18 SPE cartridge. Finally the study concentrated on the use of fluorescence and ultrafiltration methods in series with PRAM to gain more insight into the structure and characteristics of the hydrophobic DOM present in drinking water sources. This evaluation showed that the smaller molecular weight fraction of DOM (<1 kDa) had a higher percentage of hydrophobic character and that the fluorescence-defined aromatic protein fraction was the most hydrophilic.
Exploration of basic occupational health service in Baoshan District of Shanghai

[Objective]To study the basic occupational health service mode that is suitable for current situation in Baoshan District.[Methods]During 2010-2011,the enterprises had occupational hazards in Baoshan District were investigated.In order to promote the basic occupational health service,the measures included establishing the multi-sector cooperation organization network,perfecting the safeguard measures,carrying out the occupational health surveillance,occupational hazard factors detection and occupational health education,and strengthening occupational health supervision.[Results] Among 1 090 enterprises,271 had severe occupational hazards,and 779 had general occupational hazards.A total of 125 301 workers were investigated,and 28 712 workers had been exposed to occupational hazards,which accounted for 22.9%.After two year of experimental work,the rate of occupational health surveillance reached 94.6%,which increased by 40.4% as compared with that before experimental work.The coverage rate of occupational hazard factors detection and evaluation was 54.5%,which increased by 23.4% as compared with that before experimental work(31.1%).The awareness rate of laws and regulations about occupational disease prevention and control increased from 78.4% before training to 95.1% after training.The awareness rate of occupational hazard factor types that different posts contacted with increased from 54.9% to 85.2%.The awareness rate of personal protection increased from 80.2% to 98.1%.The declaration rate of occupational hazard project was 100%,which increased by 54.9% as compared with that before experimental work(45.1%).The coverage rate of occupational health supervision and inspection in small and medium-sized enterprises reached 100%.[Conclusion]Through two year of exploration,the basic occupational health service in Baoshan District has got a good result.The coverage rate of occupational hazard factors detection and evaluation,the coverage rate of occupational health examination,the coverage rate of occupational health supervision and the awareness rate of knowledge about occupational health have been improved.The multi-sector cooperation is the appropriate mode of basic occupational health service in Baoshan district.
Combined detection of antikeratin antibody,anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody,anti-RA33 antibody and anti-perinuclear factor in early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis

Objective To compare the sensitivity and specificity of antikeratin antibody(AKA),anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide(anti-CCP),anti-RA33 antibody and anti-perinuclear factor(APF) in diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis(RA),and to explore the clinical significance of combined detection.Methods The serum levels of AKA,anti-CCP,anti-RA33 and APF in 98 cases of RA,56 RA suspected cases and 148 cases of other rheumatic diseases were detected,and the sensitivity,specificity and difference were statistically analyzed.Results The detection rates of AKA,anti-CCP,anti-RA33 and APF in RA group were 53.1%,66.3%,34.7%,31.6%,and the combined detection rate was 94.9%;The specificities were 97.97%,94.59%,95.95%,99.32% for RA patients,and the specificity of combined detection was 87.84%.The detection rates of AKA,anti-CCP,anti-RA33 and APF were 16.1%,23.2%,8.9%,3.6% in RA suspected group,and the combined detection rate was 39.3%.The detection rates of AKA,anti-CCP,anti-RA33 and APF in other rheumatic disease group were 2.0%,5.4%,4.1%,0.7%.The sensitivity of the combined detection in RA group was significantly higher than that of single detection(P0.05),but the specificity showed no significant difference.The positive rates of the four antibodies in RA group were significantly higher than those in RA suspected group and other rheumatic disease group(P0.01).The combined detection rate of the four antibodies in RA suspected group was significantly higher than that in other rheumatic disease group(P0.01).Conclusion The combined detection of the four antibodies can significantly improve the sensitivity in the diagnosis of RA,but do not affect the specificity.The high positive rates of combined detection of four antibodies in RA suspected patients suggest that the combined detection of the four antibodies has important clinical significance in the early diagnosis of RA.
On the question: is acetylcholinesterase an allosteric protein?

Classically, neuromuscular blocking agents are considered to function as competitive inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase, i.e., to interfere with acetylcholine hydrolysis by binding to the active surface of the enzyme. This and other evidence has led to the suggestion that acetylcholinesterase may also function as the "cholinergic receptor substance." We have studied the influence of some neuromuscular blocking agents on the rate of inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by carbamate compounds (physostigmine, carbachol, neostigmine) and recovery of enzyme activity. It was found that these large, bulky drugs accelerate rather than inhibit carbamylation and decarbamylation of the active site. Under conditions in which there is no evidence of inhibition of substrate hydrolysis (active site binding), curare-like compounds accelerate the recovery of catalytic activity of neostigmineinhibited acetylcholinesterase. The values of binding constants were measured, and the effects of varying concentrations of MgCl2 and acetylcholine, different temperatures and pH, and other agents are reported. The data are interpreted as evidence for an allosteric site mechanism capable of modulating activity at the catalytic surface, presumably through conformational changes in the enzyme.
Heavy Ion Irradiation Fluence Dependence for Single-Event Upsets in a NAND Flash Memory

We investigated the single-event effect (SEE) susceptibility of the Micron 16 nm NAND flash, and found that the single-event upset (SEU) cross section varied inversely with cumulative fluence. We attribute the effect to the variable upset sensitivities of the memory cells. Furthermore, the effect impacts only single cell upsets in general. The rate of multiple-bit upsets remained relatively constant with fluence. The current test standards and procedures assume that SEU follow a Poisson process and do not take into account the variability in the error rate with fluence. Therefore, traditional SEE testing techniques may underestimate the on-orbit event rate for a device with variable upset sensitivity.
Impact of Assimilating Dropsonde Observations from MPEX on Ensemble Forecasts of Severe Weather Events

AbstractOver the central Great Plains, mid- to upper-tropospheric weather disturbances often modulate severe storm development. These disturbances frequently pass over the Intermountain West region of the United States during the early morning hours preceding severe weather events. This region has fewer in situ observations of the atmospheric state compared with most other areas of the United States, contributing toward greater uncertainty in forecast initial conditions. Assimilation of supplemental observations is hypothesized to reduce initial condition uncertainty and improve forecasts of high-impact weather.During the spring of 2013, the Mesoscale Predictability Experiment (MPEX) leveraged ensemble-based targeting methods to key in on regions where enhanced observations might reduce mesoscale forecast uncertainty. Observations were obtained with dropsondes released from the NSF/NCAR Gulfstream-V aircraft during the early morning hours preceding 15 severe weather events over areas upstream from anticip...
Measuring Working Memory Capacity on the Web with the Online Working Memory Lab (the OWL)

The Complex Span paradigm is one of the most influential and widely used instruments for measuring working memory capacity (WMC). We report the results of four experiments designed to explore the feasibility of obtaining valid estimates of WMC online. We explored the relationships between the Complex Span tasks and fluid intelligence (gF) in the lab and on the web using a new platform called the Online Working Memory Lab (the OWL). The OWL is universally accessible across all computer operating systems and functions in both local and remote contexts, allowing researchers to sample more diverse subjects from practically anywhere. Experiments 1 and 2 showed that the Complex Span failed to predict gF when the to-be-remembered stimuli were letters and the tests were taken online. We increased the predictive validity of the test battery in Experiments 3 and 4 by replacing the letters with memory stimuli that were more difficult to write down in an unproctored setting. This work describes our most recent attempts to measure working memory capacity in the wild.
Machine learning enabled power-aware Network-on-Chip design

Although Network-on-Chips (NoCs) are fast becoming pervasive as the interconnect fabric for multicore architectures and systems-on-chips, they still suffer from excessive static and dynamic power consumption. High dynamic power consumption results from switching and storing data within routers/links while excess static power is consumed when routers and links are not utilized for communication and yet have to be powered up. In this paper, we propose LESSON (Learning Enabled Sleepy Storage Links and Routers in NoCs) to reduce both static and dynamic power consumption by power-gating the links and routers at low network utilization and moving the data storage from within the routers to the links at high network utilization. As the network utilization increases from low-to-high, to accommodate more traffic, we design the same channels to flow traffic in either direction, thereby avoiding complex routing or look-ahead wake-up algorithms. Machine learning algorithms predict when to power-gate the channels and routers and when to increase the channel bandwidths such that power savings are maximized while performance penalty is minimized. Our results show that we can improve total network power consumption when compared to conventional NoC buffer designs by 85.6% and when compared with aggressive NoC buffer designs by 31.7%. Our predictor shows marginal performance penalties and by dynamically changing the direction of the links, we can improve packet latency by 14%.
Impact of chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicities on adult cancer survivors’ symptom burden and quality of life

Limited information is available on the impact of chemotherapy (CTX)-induced neurotoxicity on adult survivors’ symptom experience and quality of life (QOL). Purposes were to describe occurrence of hearing loss and tinnitus and evaluate for differences in phenotypic characteristics and measures of sensation, balance, perceived stress, symptom burden, and QOL between survivors who received neurotoxic CTX and did (i.e., neurotoxicity group) and did not (i.e., no neurotoxicity group) develop neurotoxicity. Neurotoxicity was defined as the presence of chemotherapy-induced neuropathy (CIN), hearing loss, and tinnitus. Survivors in the no neurotoxicity group had none of these conditions. Survivors (n = 609) completed questionnaires that evaluated hearing loss, tinnitus, stress, symptoms, and QOL. Objective measures of sensation and balance were evaluated. Of the 609 survivors evaluated, 68.6% did and 31.4% did not have CIN. Of the survivors without CIN, 42.4% reported either hearing loss and/or tinnitus and 48.1% of the survivors with CIN reported some form of ototoxicity. Compared to the no neurotoxicity group (n = 110), survivors in the neurotoxicity group (n = 85) were older, were less likely to be employed, had a higher comorbidity burden, and a higher symptom burden, higher levels of perceived stress, and poorer QOL (all p < .05). Findings suggest that CIN, hearing loss, and tinnitus are relatively common conditions in survivors who received neurotoxic CTX. Survivors need to be evaluated for these neurotoxicities and receive appropriate interventions. Referrals to audiologists and physical therapists are warranted to improve survivors’ hearing ability, functional status, and QOL.
T Cell Production of GM-CSF Protects the Host during Experimental Tuberculosis.

Although classically associated with myelopoiesis, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is increasingly recognized as being important for tuberculosis (TB) resistance. GM-CSF is expressed by nonhematopoietic and hematopoietic lineages following infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is necessary to restrict M. tuberculosis growth in experimental models. Until the recent study by Rothchild et al. (mBio 8:e01514-17, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.01514-17), it was unknown whether GM-CSF-producing T cells contribute to TB resistance. Rothchild et al. identify which conventional and nonconventional T cell subsets produce GM-CSF during experimental TB, establish their protective nature using a variety of approaches, and provide a mechanistic basis for their ability to restrict M. tuberculosis growth. This commentary discusses the significance of these findings to basic and applied TB research. As translated to human disease, these findings suggest vaccine-mediated expansion of GM-CSF-producing T cells could be an effective prophylactic or therapeutic TB strategy.
THE IMPACT OF STUDENT-DIRECTED PROJECTS IN INTRODUCTORY STATISTICS

A multi-year study investigated the impact of incorporating student-directed discovery projects into introductory statistics courses. Pilot instructors at institutions across the United States taught statistics implementing student-directed projects with the help of a common set of instructional materials designed to facilitate such projects. Researchers measured the impact of these projects on student learning and on students’ attitudes and beliefs about statistics. Results of the quantitative analyses are shared, with subsequent discussion of their implications. Findings suggest that inclusion of student-directed research projects in introductory statistics can lead to greater statistics self-efficacy and improved statistical knowledge in specific domains. Additional analyses suggest that these student benefits may improve as their instructors gain more experience facilitating such projects. First published May 2017 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
Individual Identification Using the Functional Brain Fingerprint Detected by the Recurrent Neural Network.

Abstract Individual identification based on brain function has gained traction in literature. Investigating individual differences in brain function can provide additional insights into the brain. ...
State Registration of Sex Offenders: Public Notification, Web Mapping, and Spatial Issues

State governments in the United States register sex offenders and provide to the public notification of the location, identifying information and criminal history of these registered sex offenders (RSOs). Four fifths of US states use web maps to achieve this goal. The design, content, and maintenance of these RSO web maps vary greatly. This chapter examines the history of registration of sex offenders, similarities and differences among RSO web maps and spatial issues related to them, as well as the use and misuse of these web maps.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lip

The lips serve as the functional sphincter of the oral cavity, oropharynx, and entryway to the upper aerodigestive tract and play a critical role in speech, deglutition, and oral-motor function. Lip cancer in general refers to epithelial malignancies that take origin form the vermillion of the lower lip (de Visscher and van der Waal 1998). Lip cancer is frequently grouped analytically with oral cavity cancers; however, the etiopathogenesis is notably different. For all intent and purposes, lip cancer is more closely related to skin cancer than to oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma and therefore warrants separate and distinct discussion regarding its pathogenesis.
Evaluation of ImpediMed SFB7 BIS device for low-impedance measurements

Abstract The SFB7 bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) device from ImpediMed is a widely utilized tool for clinical research in a variety of applications, marketed for the estimation of body composition in individuals. This device has a rated accuracy of 1 % for measurements from 50 Ω to 1 k Ω from 3 kHz to 1 MHz, making it an ideal choice for the measurement of full-body impedance. Recent research has also used this device to collect impedance measurements from localized regions of tissue which in some cases may be below the 50 Ω rated value. In this work, the measurements of impedances below 50 Ω are compared to measurements collected from a Keysight E4990A impedance analyzer in this low impedance range. Concluding that the SFB7 device is 1 % accurate for resistance measurements as low as 10 Ω for frequencies below 100 kHz and 5 % accurate for frequencies to 1 MHz. While 1 Ω measurements are possible, their much higher variability decrease their expected accuracy to approximately 5 % for frequencies below 100 kHz and 30 % for frequencies up to 1 MHz.
Single-Molecule Imaging in Live Cells

This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of how single-molecule imaging is achieved in live cells. The main focus is on fluorescent proteins, which are the most widely used fluorescent labels for live-cell imaging. The chromophore structures and the associated photochemical and photophysical properties of fluorescent proteins are discussed in detail, with a particular focus on how they influence single-molecule imaging in live cells. A few fluorescent proteins in the yellow-to-red spectral range, including newly discovered photoinducible ones, are selected for more detailed discussions due to their superior properties in single-molecule imaging. Special considerations for live-cell imaging and general instrumentations for single-molecule detection are also described. Finally, a few representative applications using single-molecule imaging in live cells are provided to illustrate how important biological knowledge can be obtained using this powerful technique.
Victims of sexual assault perpetrated by female youth: an exploratory study of gender differences*

ABSTRACTThis study examines sexual offending behaviour of juvenile females and juvenile males who come to the attention of the police. Using victim age as an analytical tool and more than 20 years ...
Informal Institutions and Corporate Tax Evasion

How do informal institutions affect corporate tax evasion? The dominant economic-rational perspective suggests that firms are guided by formal institutions and cost/benefit calculations in their de...
Organizational Knowledge and Technological Change

What drives organizations to adopt new technologies? Previous research suggests that for technical reasons, knowledge development enables change. We propose that knowledge also facilitates social c...