cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
First record of the wolf spider genus Lysania Thorell, 1890 from India with the description of a new species (Araneae: Lycosidae: Zoicinae).

The lycosid spider genus Lysania Thorell, 1890 contains just three species found in Borneo, China and Malaysia (World Spider Catalog 2014), which build small, horizontal, sheet-like webs (Lehtinen & Hippa 1979; Li et al. 2013). Members of the genus are characterised by having a male pedipalp without an articulated median apophysis, a beak-like lateral apophysis and wider conductor and female genitalia with a central/median hairy plate and long copulatory ducts (Lehtinen & Hippa 1979; Li et al. 2013). Lysania deangia Li, Wang and Zhang (described from China) and L. pygmaea Thorell, 1890 (described from China and Malaysia) are known from both males and females, while L. sabahensis Lehtinen and Hippa, 1979 (described from Borneo) is known only from females (World Spider Catalog 2014). Here we provide the description and illustration of a new Lysania species from the Western Ghats, one of the biodiversity hotspots of the world (Myers et al. 2000), in the Kerala region of southern India.
An analysis of the interactions between nucleic acid bases: Hydrogen-bonded base pairs

Thirty-two nucleic acid hydrogen-bonded base pairs have been examined using second-order Miller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) and the 6-31G*(0.25) and modified aug-cc-pVDZ basis sets. Complexes of C s symmetry have been constructed from rigid monomers which allowed us to use a compact parametrization of their geometry based on the center of mass separation and Euler angles. The dependence of the interaction energy and its components on small geometrical modifications around the minima have been examined. The electrostatic and the exchange energies have been found to be the most important components of the overall interaction energy, although the dispersion and the induction energies also play important roles. The exchange energy, while typically not the largest in magnitude at the minima, is the most anisotropic component for rotations of the monomers in the plane of the complex. The analysis of the electron-correlated components reveals that the effect of the attractive dispersion energy is to a large degree canceled out by the repulsive correlation correction to the exchange energy.
Behavioral insensitivity to testosterone: Why and how does testosterone alter paternal and aggressive behavior in some avian species but not others?

Considerable research has been conducted on the interrelationships of the steroid hormone testosterone and reproductive behavior in seasonally breeding birds. In species in which males provide paternal care, males experience a peak in testosterone secretion that coincides with territory establishment and pair bonding, and then drops to a breeding baseline as nests are initiated. A large body of evidence suggests that a male's seasonal profile of testosterone reflects a trade-off between expression of sexual and territorial behavior and expression of paternal behavior. For example, studies utilizing testosterone implants to extend the early season peak in plasma testosterone have demonstrated that testosterone tends to increase sexual behavior as well as intensity and persistence of male-male aggression, but also decreases paternal care of offspring. However, recent studies demonstrate that in some species, males do not respond to experimentally elevated testosterone with alterations in aggression and/or paternal care. This phenomenon of "behavioral insensitivity" to testosterone may relate to a variety of environmental factors, particularly those that necessitate high levels of paternal investment. This review explores both ultimate and proximate explanations for behavioral insensitivity to testosterone, and explores hypotheses to explain how this phenomenon may relate to androgen responses to social interactions during breeding. Further research into behavioral insensitivity to testosterone in a variety of vertebrates may provide additional insights into the complex patterns of sex steroid secretion and its behavioral consequences.
Intralesional collagenase in the treatment of Peyronie’s disease

The objective of intralesional pharmacotherapy in the treatment of Peyronie’s disease is to deliver large doses of pharmacologic agents that can have a local effect on wound remodeling, with minimal side effects. Guidelines for the treatment of peyronie’s disease published in the Journal of Sexual Medicine and the European Association of Urology offer no grade A evidence of efficacy with multiple agents such as steroids, verapamil and interferon. Intralesional collagenase is the first drug to be approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of Peyronie’s disease. This is based on grade A evidence. The purpose of this update is to review the literature and current data on intralesional collagenase in the treatment of Peyronie’s disease.
A comparison of measurements of thoron, radon and their daughters in a test house with model predictions

Abstract Airborne thoron (220Rn), radon (222Rn), 212Bi, 212Pb, 218Po, 214Bi and 214Pb have been measured in a one-story test house at various periods over four seasons. Auxiliary measurements were made of meteorological variables, ventilation rates, flux density from soil and building materials, and aerosol concentration. Time dependent results indicate significant changes in radon, and the daughters of radon and thoron, in response to meteorological conditions. In comparison, thoron was relatively more stable. Measurements for time-dependent behavior and average disequilibrium ratios seem in reasonable agreement with predictions for a model for indoor radioactivity that uses first-order sink and source terms. The major source for both thoron and radon appears to be the soil.
Lehrer and Ellis on incorrigibility

(1977). Lehrer and Ellis on incorrigibility. Australasian Journal of Philosophy: Vol. 55, No. 3, pp. 201-205.
Can Georges Bank larval cod survive on a calanoid diet

Abstract A simple conceptual model is developed for larval fish feeding on stage-structured prey populations, in an Eulerian framework. The model combines simplified contemporary models of larval fish trophodynamics, zooplankton population dynamics, and hydrodynamic turbulence. The Eulerian view allows instructive maps of larval feeding and growth rates for individual prey species, alone or in combination. Decadally averaged MARMAP surveys of Calanus finmarchicus and Pseudocalanus spp. are analyzed for the March–April period. Quasi-static population dynamics are used to infer the abundance of the smallest stages from adult female abundance. Computed growth rates show that Calanus alone is insufficient to support the smallest cod larvae (4 and 6 mm), but provides good growth (⩾10%/day) for large larvae (10, 12 mm). Pseudocalanus alone provides generally good growth for all larvae but is mismatched spatially with observed cod spawning and subsequent larval advection. Both species together provide good growth, matched spatially with larval cod, for 6 mm and larger larvae. A dietary supplement beyond these two species is needed for the smallest larvae. The procedure provides a general method for mapping observations of zooplankton abundance, distribution and reproductive status, and their relevance to larval fish survival, when the smallest stages are not observable.
Efficacy of a support group programme for care-givers of demented patients in the community: a randomized controlled trial.

Dementia induces morbidity not only in the patients but also in the families taking care of them. Many studies described the impact of care-giving on physical and psychological health. Support groups were designed to alleviate the burden of care-givers. The objective of this study was to measure the efficacy of a support group programme for care-givers of demented patients in the community. Forty-one primary care-givers were randomly assigned to a study (n = 23) or a control group (n = 18). Subjects of the study group attended a structured programme of eight 2-h sessions. These weekly sessions consisted of information on the disease, role-playing on management of behaviour problems, discussion on emotional impact of caregiving, and learning of stress management techniques. Subjects of the control group were referred to informal monthly meetings of the Alzheimer's Society. Subjects of both groups were evaluated at the entry (Tl), after 8 weeks (T2) and after 8 months (T3). The outcome variables were the Burden Interview, the Revised Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist, the Brief Symptoms Inventory, the Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Test and a questionnaire on health care utilization. Compared with the control group, subjects of the study group yielded only a significant increase in knowledge about the disease (P < 0.0001) but no significant difference on the other outcome variables. It is concluded that this type of support group programme seems to have only a minimal impact on morbidity and on the burden of care-givers. These results are similar with two other studies examining the same issue.
Erythrokinetics In Mice Bearing Tumours In Either Preirradiated Or Unirradiated Tissue

Experiments were designed to clarify the causes of anaemia in hosts bearing tumours in either unirradiated or preirradiated tissue. Isotopic methods are described which enable the estimation of erythrocyte destruction and production rates, and the potential red cell life spans in tumour-bearing animals. In this experimental system, anaemia (a) is in large part due to accelerated random erythrocyte loss, (b) is exacerbated as tumours grow by a progressive reduction in the potential erythrocyte life span due to intrinsic erythrocyte defects, (c) is accompanied by an increase in erythrocyte production of six- to ten-fold and (d) is postponed in onset and decreased in magnitude by preirradiation of the tumour transplant site.
Explaining the race paradox of coronary calcium prevalence and survival

Doherty et al. [(1)][1] report on the apparently paradoxical observation that, in a cohort of asymptomatic adults, baseline prevalence of coronary calcium was lower in blacks than in whites, whereas blacks suffered a greater number of events over the follow-up. According to the investigators, these
Implementing the Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990 in higher education.

The purpose of this paper is to provide educators and administrators in higher education with a greater understanding of how the Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) (Public Law 101-336) may affect institutions of higher education and to suggest ways that occupational therapists can assist institutions of higher education to comply with the ADA. When educators attempt to comply with the ADA in systems of higher education, the complexity of universities calls for a model reflective of that complexity. The systems approach to higher education, a model based on the general systems theory, is suggested as such a model. The three essential components of the model--input (i.e., applicants to a university), throughput (i.e., enrolled university student), and output (i.e., the student being graduated)--are acted on by many subsystems of the university. Some of those likely to be affected are application procedures, transportation, housing, dining facilities, and curricula. In planning ways to comply with the ADA, educators in higher education may find that many of these subsystems are required to adapt and make reasonable accommodations for the student with a disability. The model can be used to help identify those subsystems that will be affected by the law and to facilitate planning to comply with the law. Although occupational therapists most often work with persons to help them adapt to change in their lives, they can also work in systems of higher education and help the systems to plan and implement programs related to the ADA. The most effective programs are usually those that are well planned and designed from a holistic perspective, rather than those that are developed as a reaction to a specific situation or incident, that is, programs that are proactive rather than reactive. By using the systems approach to higher education, occupational therapists can focus on those components and subsystems within a university that may be affected by the ADA and meet the individual needs of a university.
A new approach to the prediction of glass formation

Abstract The rate of cooling has usually been ignored in treatments of glass-forming capability. The rate required to form non-crystalline solid ∗∗ phases is shown herein to depend directly on the melting temperature and average coefficient of self diffusion, and inversely upon melt viscosity, relaxation time and linear dimensions of the ionic species comprising the melt. Calculated dependence of the formation of NCS phases as a function of these parameters is shown graphically. A dimensionless expression is derived (named the “glass number”) for the prediction of glass formation at any prescribed cooling rate for any melt of known viscosity.
Towards collaborative forensics: Preliminary framework

Digital forensic analysis techniques have been significantly improved and evolved in past decade but we still face a lack of effective forensic analysis tools to tackle diverse incidents caused by emerging technologies and the advances in cyber crime. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive framework to address the efficacious deficiencies of current practices in digital forensics. Our framework, called Collaborative Forensic Framework (CUFF), provides scalable forensic services for practitioners who are from different organizations and have diverse forensic skills. In other words, our framework helps forensic practitioners collaborate with each other, instead of learning and struggling with new forensic techniques. Also, CUFF uses and augments current and emerging standards, including DFXML and EDRM XML for concise file representation and efficient resource transmission. In addition, we describe fundamental building blocks for our framework and corresponding system requirements.
A pin permutation algorithm for improving over-the-cell channel routing

A dynamic-programming-based algorithm is presented to determine proper gate and terminal positions such that, when over-the-cell routers are used, the area above and below the channel can be utilized more effectively and the channel density can be greatly reduced. The problem formulation and previous work are discussed. The terminology and notation are introduced. A polynomial-time algorithm is presented. Experimental results showed that the proposed algorithm considerably reduces the channel density. >
Object-Oriented Modeling and Automated Analysis of a Telemedicine Application

As the impact of and demand for software increases, there is greater need for rigorous software development techniques that can be used by a typical software engineer. We have added formal syntax and semantics definitions to an existing object-oriented modeling notation in order to integrate informal and formal approaches to software development. This formalization enables developers to construct object-oriented models of requirements and designs and then automatically generate formal specifications for the diagrams. These formal specifications enable the diagrams to be analyzed by a number of existing automated reasoning utilities, including behavior simulators, model checkers, and rewriting systems.
The antifibrinolytic drug tranexamic acid reduces liver injury and fibrosis in a mouse model of chronic bile duct injury.

Hepatic fibrin deposition has been shown to inhibit hepatocellular injury in mice exposed to the bile duct toxicant α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT). Degradation of fibrin clots by fibrinolysis controls the duration and extent of tissue fibrin deposition. Thus, we sought to determine the effect of treatment with the antifibrinolytic drug tranexamic acid (TA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) deficiency on ANIT-induced liver injury and fibrosis in mice. Plasmin-dependent lysis of fibrin clots was impaired in plasma from mice treated with TA (1200 mg/kg i.p., administered twice daily). Prophylactic TA administration reduced hepatic inflammation and hepatocellular necrosis in mice fed a diet containing 0.025% ANIT for 2 weeks. Hepatic type 1 collagen mRNA expression and deposition increased markedly in livers of mice fed ANIT diet for 4 weeks. To determine whether TA treatment could inhibit this progression of liver fibrosis, mice were fed ANIT diet for 4 weeks and treated with TA for the last 2 weeks. Interestingly, TA treatment largely prevented increased deposition of type 1 collagen in livers of mice fed ANIT diet for 4 weeks. In contrast, biliary hyperplasia/inflammation and liver fibrosis were significantly increased in PAI-1−/− mice fed ANIT diet for 4 weeks. Overall, the results indicate that fibrinolytic activity contributes to ANIT diet–induced liver injury and fibrosis in mice. In addition, these proof-of-principle studies suggest the possibility that therapeutic intervention with an antifibrinolytic drug could form a novel strategy to prevent or reduce liver injury and fibrosis in patients with liver disease.
Recurrent Abdominal Pain, Medical Intervention, and Biofeedback: What Happened to the Biopsychosocial Model?

Recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) is a significant and common problem among pediatric populations. Based on results from randomized controlled trials there are no established efficacious treatments for this disorder. Biofeedback (BFB) and other psychological treatments offer logically appealing alternatives or adjuncts to medical interventions and there is some evidence to support their use. This paper presents a typical case of RAP that exemplifies how the lack of integration of the biopsychosocial model may result in less than optimal treatment. Specifically, it demonstrates that the patient was exposed to potentially risky treatments that lack evidence to support their use and were not beneficial. Although there was evidence of psychological involvement early in the treatment, this was only attended to following numerous medical trials and exploratory surgery over three years. The patient was finally referred for BFB and during a course of seven sessions over five months that variously included heart rate variability and skin temperature feedback along with extensive home practice of paced breathing and hand warming the patient achieved significant symptom reduction and improved coping abilities. This case vividly illustrates the need for multidisciplinary collaboration and full implementation and integration of the biopsychosocial model of health and illness.
The work done by an external electromagnetic field.

Ehrenfest’s theorem is used to derive the rate of change of kinetic energy induced by an external field. The expression for the power is valid for any electromagnetic field in arbitrary gauge. We discuss the applicable conditions for the Mott‐Davis and Moseley‐Lukes form of the Kubo‐Greenwood formula (KGF) for the electrical conductivity which has been implemented in ab initio codes. We show that the conventional KGF does not satisfy gauge invariance, and is suitable only for computing the ac conductivity at sufficiently high frequency and when the gradient of the carrier density is small.
Telescopic Data Compression in Dense Sensor Networks that Support Fire-Fighters

In a dense sensor network, sensors are randomly placed at a density high enough that over-sampling of a physical field occurs. Depending upon the application, very often some regions contain more information than the rest. For optimal energy efficiency, the amount of compression and hence the sensing accuracy should vary with the relative significance of different sub-regions. To achieve this goal, we propose a progressive data collection scheme. First, the more significant low-frequency components, which give a crude profile of the signal, are extracted and forwarded to the destination. Then, based on the rough profile, an application may identify some strategic areas and request additional details, i.e. components of higher frequencies, from them until the desired resolution is reached. This process of sensing a phenomenon is like making observations through a telescope: starting with a panoramic view of low resolution, then gradually zooming into a target region to reveal finer details. Noise in data can also be effectively removed during the process by applying digital low-pass filtering locally within sensor clusters. Simulation results based on the temperature distribution of a fire in one of the engineering buildings on the Columbia campus generated by the NIST Fire Dynamics Simulator show that with a sensor density of 1.2 /m2 and a SNR of 6 dB, using a simple Gaussian low-pass filter for local compression, an average overall improvement of 4.4 dB can be obtained while collecting only 4.8% of the raw data traffic at the processing center, resulting in a reconstructed field deemed accurate enough for extracting crucial information about a fire.
Signaling networks in human pluripotent stem cells

Maintaining a finely-balanced network of signaling inputs is critical for the maintenance of pluripotent stem cells. Together, signaling pathways achieve this by maintaining a long-term, proliferative state while suppressing differentiation. Although the major pathways involved in pluripotency have been known for some time, it was not previously clear how they function in concert to maintain stem cell identity. Recent work has identified a signaling network involving cross-talk between PI3K, TGFβ, MAPK and Wnt pathways that culminate in a finely-balanced molecular switch that determines the fate of pluripotent cells.
The Management of Defined Contribution Pension Plans in Local Government

Despite the growing importance of defined contribution pension plans in state and local governments, little research exists on how those plans are actually managed. Our study fills a gap in the literature through using a mixed-methods approach on a sampleoflocalgovernmentsinNebraska.Weemployamail-outsurveytogetbroadbased information on DC plan administration throughout the state, and use face-toface interview techniques on a subsample of plans to investigate the details of plan management. We find several deviations from promulgated best practices, and substantial variation in administrators’ knowledge of and role perception related to DC plans.
Control systems for induction machines with magnetic saturation

Extensions of field-oriented control methods for induction machines, accounting for magnetic saturation, are developed. The new methods are based on a nonlinear /spl pi/ model for the saturated machine. This model is a more accurate representation of the saturation phenomena in the machine than are most previous models, and it is shown to also facilitate development of control algorithms. Observers for estimating rotor flux are also discussed. Experimental results verifying operation of one proposed control method are presented.
An active multimodal sensing platform for remote voice detection

To improve the performance and the efficiency of Laser Doppler Vibrometers (LDVs) for long-range hearing, we design an active multimodal sensing platform that integrates a Pan-Tilt-Zoom (PTZ) camera, a mirror and a Pan-Tilt-Unit (PTU) to the LDV. With the assistance of the vision and active control components, the LDV can automatically select the best reflective surfaces, point the laser beam to the selected surfaces, and quickly focus the laser beam. For accomplishing these functions, distance measurement and sensor calibration methods are proposed using the triangulation between the PTZ camera and the mirrored LDV laser beam. Based on both the measured distances and the return signal levels of the LDV, a fast and automatic LDV focusing algorithm is designed. Furthermore, strategies of surface selection and laser pointing are designed for the platform to automatically point the laser beam to the designated surfaces. Experimental results are shown to validate the performance improvement of the LDV in remote automatic voice detection by using the active multimodal sensing platform.
Supradiaphragmatic Hodgkin's disease: significance of large mediastinal masses.

Abstract In order to assess the significance of large mediastinal masses in patients with Hodgkin's disease, we analyzed all patients with pathological stage (PS) IA or IIA disease evaluated and treated at Yale between 1969 and 1978. There were 131 such patients treated initially with radical radiotherapy only, combination chemotherapy being reserved for those who failed radiation. Actuarial 5 and 10 year survivals were 95%. The presence of a mediastinal mass reglardless of size did not affect survival. Relapse-free survival was 77% at 5 years, 74% at 10 years in the entire group. Patients with any mediastinal involvement had a 65% relapse-free survival, 72% if the mass was 33%. These differences are suggestive of a greater tendency of such patients to fail radiotherapy but the differences were not statistically significant. Patients who did fail radiotherapy were for the most part successfully retreated with combined modality therapy (chemotherapy and radiation), accounting for the overall survival of 95%. Only 6 patients died of causes related to Hodgin's disease and 2 of these deaths were related to combined modality therapy complications. Because of the serious potential long term consequences of combined modality treatment, it should be used with great caution and on an individual basis only in PSIA and IIA patients.
Performance of coded direct-sequence systems in fading channels with rake reception

The probability of error of a coded coherent direct-sequence spread-spectrum system with rake reception operating in a specular multipath fading environment is examined. The model that is utilized contains a large number of paths divided into groups across the signalling interval. The rake is able to lock onto the direct path (delay 0) and one path from each of a subset of the other groups. For moderate to high signal-to-noise ratios, union bounds using the characteristic function of the interference are introduced to bound the error probability of the system when convolutional codes are employed. At low signal-to-noise ratios where the bounds do not converge, simulation results are presented. In each case, perfect interleaving of channel symbols is assumed so that codeword symbols are independent. The effects of the processing gain of the system and the number of branches in the rake receiver on the probability of error are explored. >
Developing preferences for live female models of the same or other species in white peking ducklings

Abstract The preferences of white Peking ducklings (Anas platyrhynchos) for live models was evaluated for the first 7 days of life. The models were all females: a rouen duck (Anas platyrhynchos), a white Peking duck, and a blue Andalusian chicken (Gallus gallus). In three different experiments the orientation of the models was toward the subjects, away from the subjects, and toward the subjects but with fences around the models (to control for model aggressiveness). In all cases the subjects preferred the rouen duck and not the white Peking model or the chicken. In addition, when the models were facing away from the subjects there was a significant peak of preference that appeared on day 4. The latter effect was replicated three times and is therefore considered a reliable phenomenon.
Improved genome annotation through untargeted detection of pathway-specific metabolites.

Background Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics analyses have the potential to complement sequence-based methods of genome annotation, but only if raw mass spectral data can be linked to specific metabolic pathways. In untargeted metabolomics, the measured mass of a detected compound is used to define the location of the compound in chemical space, but uncertainties in mass measurements lead to "degeneracies" in chemical space since multiple chemical formulae correspond to the same measured mass. We compare two methods to eliminate these degeneracies. One method relies on natural isotopic abundances, and the other relies on the use of stable-isotope labeling (SIL) to directly determine C and N atom counts. Both depend on combinatorial explorations of the "chemical space" comprised of all possible chemical formulae comprised of biologically relevant chemical elements.
COMPARATIVE FUEL USE OF MIGRATING PASSERINES: EFFECTS OF FAT STORES, MIGRATION DISTANCE, AND DIET

Abstract Lipids are the dominant fuel source during migratory flight, but the factors controlling the relative importance of lipid, protein, and carbohydrate to flight metabolism remain unclear. I tested the nonexclusive hypotheses that diet, migration distance, or endogenous lipid reserves mediate variation in the fuels birds catabolize during migration. Blood plasma metabolite concentrations were significantly different among species, and indicated clear differences in protein and lipid utilization among three turdid chat and five sylviid warbler species caught during spring migration in the Negev Desert, Israel. Fruit-eating species (omnivores) catabolized less protein and more lipid during migration than insectivores. Metabolite concentrations of omnivorous Blackcaps (Sylvia atricapilla), Garden Warblers (S. borin), and Lesser Whitethroats (S. curruca) were consistent with low rates of proteolysis (low uric acid), and high rates of lipolysis (high free-fatty acid and β-hydroxybutyrate). On the other h...
Numerical Simulation of Warm Rain Development in an Axisymmetric Cloud Model

Abstract An axisymmetric warm cloud model including 36 classes of droplets from 1 to 4096 μm is developed. A reference spectrum is prescribed for the formation of droplets around condensation nuclei. Other microphysical processes incorporated in the model are condensation/evaporation, stochastic coalescence, sedimentation and drop breakup. Accurate computation for the condensation/evaporation process and for the stochastic coalescence equation can be achieved by the methods used in this study. The differences in the life cycle and the precipitation process between maritime and continental cumuli with cloud tops around 3 km are investigated in this model by taking into account only the differences in microphysical processes. The production of large drops in the continental cloud is confined to the cloud top region and a distinct bimodal distribution in the drop spectrum is formed as the large drops fall into the lower parts of the cloud. The failing rain has little effect on the cloud life cycle because th...
Melanophilin and myosin Va track the microtubule plus end on EB1

In mouse melanocytes, myosin Va is recruited onto the surface of melanosomes by a receptor complex containing Rab27a that is present in the melanosome membrane and melanophilin (Mlp), which links myosin Va to Rab27a. In this study, we show that Mlp is also a microtubule plus end–tracking protein or +TIP. Moreover, myosin Va tracks the plus end in a Mlp-dependent manner. Data showing that overexpression and short inhibitory RNA knockdown of the +TIP EB1 have opposite effects on Mlp–microtubule interaction, that Mlp interacts directly with EB1, and that deletion from Mlp of a region similar to one in the adenomatous polyposis coli protein involved in EB1 binding blocks Mlp's ability to plus end track argue that Mlp tracks the plus end directly by hitchhiking on EB1. These results identify a novel +TIP and indicate that vertebrate cells possess a +TIP complex that is similar to the Myo2p–Kar9p–Bim1p complex in yeast. We suggest that the +TIP complex identified in this study may serve to focus the transfer of melanosomes from microtubules to actin at the microtubule plus end.
Sorafenib-induced acute pancreatitis.

No abstract available. Image: Sorafenib BRAF labeled (Author: Nhevitt; Wikimedia Commons )
DRM im vernetzten Haushalt — der PC als Medienzentrale

Ich kann mich in einem Punkt meinem Vorredner nur anschliesen: Das Ziel muss es sein, dass geschutzte digitale Inhalte, die wir dem Endkunden zur Verfugung stellen, genau so genutzt werden konnen wie die klassische Audio CD heute. D.h. die Nutzungsszenarien, die der Konsument gewohnt ist, mussen auch in der neuen DRM Welt abgebildet werden. Dies betrifft allerdings nicht die Nutzungsszenarien, die P2P Netze und illegale Nutzung betreffen. Aber alle Szenarien, die der Kunde gewohnt ist, mussen auch in der Digital Rights Welt abgebildet werden konnen.
ACHILLES and the Achilles Heel of Peripheral Vascular Intervention.

In contrast to coronary artery disease in which a robust collection of data has demonstrated the merits of percutaneous revascularization, research investigating peripheral vascular intervention (PVI) has not yet matured in terms of magnitude, quality, or clarity. For example, only 1 randomized
Assessment of Numerical Methods for DNS of Shockwave/Turbulent Boundary Layer Interaction

Various candidate sources of error for the discrepancy between previous direct numerical simulation (DNS) results of Wu et al. and experimental data of Bookey et al. are investigated. Deficiencies of current numerical methods for DNS of shockwave/turbulent boundary layer interactions (STBLI) are found. The weighted-essentially-non-oscillatory (WENO) method is improved by adding limiters in the smoothness measurement. In turn, the numerical dissipation is significantly reduced. For the compression ramp case, using the limiter results in increased size of the separation bubble and improved mean wallpressure distribution. In addition, a fourth-order low-dissipation Runge-Kutta method is found to give less dissipation than the typically used third-order low-storage Runge-Kutta method. Combining the limiter with the low-dissipation Runge-Kutta method gives better results. Good agreement is found for the size of the separation bubble and the wall-pressure distribution when comparing against the experimental data at the same conditions.
Advantages of Commercial Rutile Titanium Dioxide Slurry for Paper Applications

Paper mills have used titanium dioxide to generate opacity in high quality paper and paperboard for many years. Dry anatase pigments were used at first since this was the only technology available. Invention of the chloride rutile process created opportunities for new levels of performance in the paper industry. Commercial rutile slurry was introduced over 25 years ago to the North American marketand has been continually improved. Over 95% of the titanium dioxide used in this market is commercial slurry. More recently the use of stable paper slurries has been growing in both Europe and Japan.Commercial rutile slurry offers performance advantages over slurry produced by the paper mill. High shear dispersion equipment allows optimization of the particle size and increased light scattering. Opacity gains of 10-12% have been demonstrated in the lab. Mill trials have confirmed even higher performance gains.Anatase pigments have a lower refractive index and generally larger particle size. Both attributes will contribute to lower scattering performance than a rutile pigment. Mill trials have demonstrated over 20% reduction in pigment use when switching from an anatase pigment to rutile.Handling and storage of slurry products is not difficult. Proper design of the equipment will insure trouble free operation and high product quality. Correct addition to the paper process will maintain the high performance of the pigment.
The Lag and Innovation in Peasant Political Participation——from the Perspective of Path Dependence in Institutional Innovation

Looking at the problem of peasant political participation in our country from the perspective of path dependence,we can find that it changes slowly and lacks institutional innovation.The development of politics is an interactive gaming process of various parties.In the process of political participation,gaming exists between central and local governments and between grass-roots level government and peasants.The whole nation's politics will not develop without peasant political participation.One important measure to build socialist harmonious society is to break through the path dependence,carry on innovation,and arouse the political enthusiasm of peasants.
What Happens Offline Stays Offline?: Examining Sustainability of a Hybrid Social System

The emergence of social Web has gone beyond connecting people and documents online to further connecting people, places, and artifacts both online and offline. A variety of online platforms with the specific goal of supporting offline connections have been attracting the attention of practitioners and users of social Web systems. Such hybrid platforms have been shown to contribute to online and offline prosperity of connections and engagements of people. In this work, we present a study of hybrid social Web systems in terms of factors contributing to their sustainability. Our results suggests that emphasis on online interactions and online representation of offline activities can lead to higher level of sustainability. Based on our results, we provide a set of design guidelines to address the challenges of sustaining user activities in hybrid social Web systems.
Intra- and inter-annual variability in metabolism in an oligotrophic lake

Lakes are sentinels of change in the landscapes in which they are located. Changes in lake function are reflected in whole-system metabolism, which integrates ecosystem processes across spatial and temporal scales. Recent improvements in high-frequency open-water metabolism modeling techniques have enabled estimation of rates of gross primary production (GPP), respiration (R), and net ecosystem production (NEP) at high temporal resolution. However, few studies have examined metabolic rates over daily to multi-year temporal scales, especially in oligotrophic ecosystems. Here, we modified a metabolism modeling technique to reveal substantial intra- and inter-annual variability in metabolic rates in Lake Sunapee, a temperate, oligotrophic lake in New Hampshire, USA. Annual GPP and R increased each summer, paralleling increases in littoral, but not pelagic, total phosphorus concentrations. Storms temporarily decoupled GPP and R, resulting in greater decreases in GPP than R. Daily rates of GPP and R were positively correlated on warm days that had stable water columns, and metabolism model fits were best on warm, sunny days, indicating the importance of lake physics when evaluating metabolic rates. These metabolism data span a range of temporal scales and together suggest that Lake Sunapee may be moving toward mesotrophy. We suggest that functional, integrative metrics, such as metabolic rates, are useful indicators and sentinels of ecosystem change. We also highlight the challenges and opportunities of using high-frequency measurements to elucidate the drivers and consequences of intra- and inter-annual variability in metabolic rates, especially in oligotrophic lakes.
Experimental real-time voltage and frequency controllers for a synchronous generator implemented in a laboratory power system test-bed

A new experiment for undergraduates showing voltage and frequency control of a small alternator for a two bus power system is introduced. Voltage and frequency controllers were designed in Simulink and implemented using dSPACE. A subsystem of the scaled down power system testbed developed at Florida International University was utilized to study the effects of varying load on the generator operating voltage and frequency. Hardware-in-the-Loop, power converter and fuzzy logic controllers were included in the experiment to underscore the importance of control systems, power electronics and application of artificial intelligence in power systems.
Spatio-temporal localization of intravascular ultrasound data for accurate 3D reconstruction of coronary arteries

Three dimensional (3D) reconstruction of coronary arteries from intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) typically assumes that the artery is straight and disregards the angular orientation of IVUS slices. Accurate 3D reconstruction requires that each IVUS slice be carefully localized in time and space. The authors have developed a technique combining biplane angiography and IVUS imaging that solves for (1) inter-slice distance, (2) the 3D location, and (3) the angular orientation of each slice. This also eliminates the need for assisted IVUS pullback and produces an accurate reconstruction, making the procedure more suitable for clinical use. Accuracy of the technique was checked by a self-validation scheme that involved: (1) reconstructing a specimen from independent pairs of X-ray projection planes, and (2) creating simulated angiograms by back-projecting 3D reconstructions. A good match (up to 71% of area overlap with an average of 58%) was obtained between simulated and actual angiograms.
Trigger Thumb Release and Tenosynovectomy

Stenosing tenosynovitis (aka “trigger finger”) is a common condition in adults, with “trigger thumb” commonly occurring in children. These conditions are due to impairment of the normal sliding of the digit’s flexor tendon thru the A-1 pulley (resulting from flexor tendon inflammation). This condition can be managed nonsurgically, usually with splinting, or corticosteroid injection. If indicated, trigger digit can be managed via surgically releasing the A-1 pulley. In long-standing and severe tenosynovitis, an additional step of tenosynovectomy may be indicated. This chapter aims to provide a brief overview of the indications, possible complications, and essential steps involved in the open surgical release of trigger thumb. It also provides an example of the operative dictation and relevant coding information.
Current Workforce of Pediatric Subspecialists in the United States.

BACKGROUND: Concerns exist regarding the adequacy of the pediatric subspecialty workforce in the United States. Data on practice patterns and job characteristics are necessary to help develop policies to ensure availability. METHODS: We performed survey data analysis of all pediatric subspecialists enrolled in Maintenance of Certification in 2013 and 2014, assessing demographic information, characteristics of current positions, plans for retirement, and satisfaction with allocation of professional and clinical responsibilities. Four logistic regression models examined the independent association of demographic variables collected along with variables of practice ownership and academic appointment with the outcome variables of pediatric subspecialists reporting match of desired with current actual professional duties, match of desired with current actual clinical responsibilities, current part-time employment, and expected age of retirement <65 years of age. RESULTS: Data from 5100 subspecialists were analyzed (response rate 87.2%). Most (83%; N = 4251) reported their current allocation of professional time was what they desired in their current position; similarly, 93% ( N = 4755) reported likewise for clinical responsibilities. Differences by gender and years in subspecialty were evident, with women much more likely to work part time than men (odds ratio 6.22); those >20 years in practice were less likely to retire before the age of 65 compared with those <10 years in practice (odds ratio 0.33). CONCLUSIONS: This study is the largest to date of practicing pediatric subspecialists. Variation in work patterns found between genders, with time in practice, and between subspecialties suggests that future research should focus on these issues.
Overdose history is associated with postdetoxification treatment preference for persons with opioid use disorder.

ABSTRACTBackground: Without aftercare treatment, persons discharged from short-term inpatient detoxification for opioid use disorder are at high risk of relapse. In previous work, those who were recently homeless or had pending legal problems were more likely to prefer residential treatment for aftercare. Here, based on clinical experience, the authors hypothesize that a particular clinical factor, surviving an opioid overdose, will be associated with aftercare preference. Methods: Between May and December 2015, the authors surveyed consecutive persons seeking inpatient opioid detoxification. To assess aftercare treatment preference, participants were asked, “If you had unlimited treatment options and all were free, which one would work best for you when you leave here?” To assess overdose history, participants were asked about overdose “since your first drug use,” and “in the last year.” Results: Participants' (N = 440) mean age was 32.3 (± 8.7) years; 70.7% were male. More than half (51.1%) of participa...
Extrapolating the Value Per Statistical Life Between Populations: Theoretical Implications

Extrapolation of estimates of the value per statistical life (VSL) from high- to low- or middle-income populations requires attention to the possible effects of differences in income, current mortality risk, health, life expectancy, and many other factors. The standard theoretical model of VSL implies that VSL increases with income and decreases with current mortality risk. The effect of mortality risk is likely to be negligible while the effect of income is large and poorly quantified. Effects of differences in life expectancy and health are theoretically ambiguous. Effects of other factors, including differences in health care, formal and informal support networks, and cultural or religious factors that affect preferences for spending on oneself or others may be important but are unknown. Practical issues include choice of the most appropriate measure of income and possible differences in the patterns of age dependence between populations.
Acquired Von Willebrand Disease in Patients with Waldenström Macroglobulinemia

Abstract Introduction: Acquired von Willebrand disease (VWD) is uncommonly observed in patients with Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (WM), and necessitates treatment intervention. The clinical characteristics for WM patients with acquired VWD, as well as outcomes following therapy have not been well characterized. Methods: We carried a retrospective study in patients with new diagnosed diagnosed WM who were evaluated at our institution, and tested for the presence of VWD. The presence of any VWD was evaluated by measuring levels of VW factor antigen (VWFAG), VW factor activity (VWFACT) and factor VIII (FVIII). Low-level VWD was diagnosed if VWFAG, VWFACT and FVIII levels were between 30% and 50%. VWD was diagnosed if VFWAG, VWFACT and FVIII were Results: A total of 320 patients with WM were tested for VWD, of whom 271 (85%) showed no evidence of deficiency, and 49 (15%) showed any VWD. Patients were tested because they provided a history of easy bruising or bleeding. Thirty patients had low-level VWD (61%) and 19 were VWD (39%). The median IgM level of patients with any VWD was 5,660 mg/dl (range 1,800-10,300 mg/dl) and 2270 mg/dl (95% CI 25-11,000 mg/dl) in patients without VWD. Patients with any VWD were more likely to have IgM levels 3,000-5,999 mg/dl and 6,000+ mg/dl (47% vs. 31%, and 45% vs. 6%, respectively; p 6 K/uL (29% vs. 50%; p=0.006) than patients without VWD. There were no differences in age, sex, hemoglobin levels, platelet count and bone marrow involvement between WM patients with any and without VWD. In the multivariate regression analyses, patients with IgM levels 3,000-5,999 mg/dl and 6,000+ mg/dl had OR 11.1 (95% CI 3.7-33.3; p Conclusion: Patients with WM can present with acquired VWD, which seems to strongly correlate with high serum IgM levels. VWD improves and in most cases resolves with response to WM therapy. The depth of response to therapy correlates with the degree of improvement in VWD. Download : Download high-res image (249KB) Download : Download full-size image Disclosures Castillo: Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Research Funding; Millennium: Research Funding; Abbvie: Research Funding. Treon: Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Research Funding.