cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Influence of Defoliation and Depodding on Quality of Soybeans

The influence of 4 levels of depodding at 4 levels of defoliation on quality of soybeans was evaluated at each of 5 stages of plant growth by measuring seed size, number of pods per plant at harvest, oil content, protein content, and seed germination. The overall trend was for defoliation to decrease and depodding to increase seed size. Significant regression equations were developed expressing seed size as a function of defoliation and depodding. An increase in defoliation during growth stages R6, R7, and R8 decreased number of pods per plant at harvest, but defoliation at R9 and R10 did not significantly affect number of pods. Depodding at R6 did not affect the number of pods at harvest because plants were able to compensate, but thereafter, depodding significantly reduced the number of pods per plant. A highly significant multiple correlation coefficient was obtained between yield, seed size, and number of pods per plant. In general, depodding at all growth stages decreased oil content; defoliation had no significant effect except with complete depodding during R6 to R9. Defoliation at any growth stage did not affect protein content by more than 6%; in contrast, depodding at all growth stages increased protein. The correlation was strong between oil and protein content and was independent of growth stage. The main effect of defoliation on germination was that complete defoliation significantly reduced germination at growth stages R7 and R8. Depodding significantly affected germination only at growth stages R8 and R9.
ON THE UTILITY OF THE DIRICHLET DISTRIBUTION FOR META-ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL STUDIES

Recently, there has been an increasing interest in combining efficacy (or safety) results from several clinical trials to draw an overall conclusion about the efficacy (or safety) of new investigational drugs. In a two-armed clinical trial, these efficacy outcomes are often expressed in terms of the two treatment effect means or the proportions of treatment success. For several clinical trials, efficacy assessment could be based on different types of clinical outcomes. These outcomes might be both categorical and noncategorical. Therefore, it is desirable to have a statistical model that is flexible enough for combining clinical trial data of both outcomes across several trials or studies. We discuss a simple statistical model with a potential for such flexibility. We illustrate the use of the model by providing a couple of numerical examples on the meta-analyses of efficacy data from prospective clinical trials/studies.
Pharmacologic Studies of “Catnip Tea”: The Hot Water Extract of Nepeta Cataria

(1979). Pharmacologic Studies of “Catnip Tea”: The Hot Water Extract of Nepeta Cataria. Quarterly Journal of Crude Drug Research: Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 68-72.
Species Concentrations and Turbulence Properties in Buoyant Methane Diffusion Flames

Past measurements of mean velocities and temperatures in buoyant turbulent, axisymmetric methane diffusion flames burning in still air have been extended to included mean species concentrations (CH/sub 4/, N/sub 2/, O/sub 2/, CO/sub 2/, H/sub 2/O, CO, and H/sub 2/) and turbulence quantitites. The new measurements were used to evaluate a Favre-averaged, k-epsilon-g turbulence model of the process- with all empirical constants fixed by measurements in noncombusting flows. Use of the laminar flamelet method to treat scalar properties yielded reasonably good predictions of mean properties. Turbulence predictions were less satisfactory, generally underestimating fluctuation levels and Reynolds stresses in highly regions of the flows. Measurements indicating significant anisotropy of turbulence properties in the same regions. These findings suggest the need for multistress closure to adequately model turbulence properties in buoyant flames.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Viremia Induces Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Activation In Vivo and Diminished Alpha Interferon Production In Vitro

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection has been associated with perturbations of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDC), including diminished frequencies in the peripheral blood and reduced production of type I interferons (IFNs) in response to in vitro stimulation. However, recent data suggest a paradoxical increase in production of type 1 interferons in vivo in HIV-infected patients compared to uninfected controls. Using a flow cytometric assay to detect IFN-α-producing cells within unseparated peripheral blood mononuclear cells, we observed that short-term interruptions of antiretroviral therapy are sufficient to result in significantly reduced IFN-α production by PDC in vitro in response to CpG A ligands or inactivated HIV particles. The primary cause of diminished IFN-α production was reduced responsiveness of PDC to de novo stimulation, not diminished per cell IFN-α production or migration of cells to lymphoid organs. Real-time PCR analysis of purified PDC from patients prior to and during treatment interruptions revealed that active HIV-1 replication is associated with upregulation of type I IFN-stimulated gene expression. Treatment of hepatitis C virus-infected patients with IFN-α2b and ribavirin for hepatitis C virus infection resulted in a profound suppression of de novo IFN-α production in response to CpG A or inactivated HIV particles, similar to the response observed in HIV-infected patients. Together, these results suggest that diminished production of type I interferons in vitro by PDC from HIV-1-infected patients may not represent diminished interferon production in vivo. Rather, diminished function in vitro is likely a consequence of prior activation via type I interferons or HIV virions in vivo.
Why don’t some people complain? A cognitive-emotive process model of consumer complaint behavior

This article reports the development of a theoretical model of consumer complaint behavior by using cognitive appraisal theory as its foundation. Because of its importance to management and lack of attention in the marketing literature, specific emphasis is placed on the phenomenon of noncomplaining and the role of consumer emotion in dissatisfying marketplace experiences. The model presents cognitive appraisal as the key element in the evaluation of consumer threat and harm, which subsequently may result in psychological stress. Stressful appraisal outcomes are suggested to elicit emotive reactions that, in conjunction with cognitive appraisal, influence the type of coping strategy used by the consumer. Three coping strategies (problem focused, emotion focused, and avoidance) are identified and discussed. Key propositions are illustrated by using in-depth interview data from a sample of older female consumers.
Designing PV incentive programs to promote performance: A review of current practice in the US

In the U.S., the increasing financial support for customer-sited photovoltaic (PV) systems provided through publicly-funded incentive programs has heightened concerns about the long-term performance of these systems. Given the barriers that customers face to ensuring that their PV systems perform well, and the responsibility that PV incentive programs bear to ensure that public funds are prudently spent, these programs should, and often do, play a critical role in addressing PV system performance. To provide a point of reference for assessing the current state of the art, and to inform program design efforts going forward, we examine the approaches to encouraging PV system performance used by 32 prominent PV incentive programs in the U.S. We identify eight general strategies or groups of related strategies that these programs have used to address factors that affect performance, and describe key implementation details. Based on this review, we then offer recommendations for how PV incentive programs can be effectively designed to mitigate potential performance issues.
Intracellular injection in fixed slices: obtaining complete dendritic arbors of large cells

Intracellular injection of Lucifer yellow into fixed brain slices is widely used to demonstrate dendritic morphology. A major limitation of this technique is that large dendritic arbors are usually truncated at the cut surfaces. Here we describe modifications that allowed us to obtain complete dendritic arbors of large spiny stellate cells. Lucifer Yellow cadaverine biotin-X (LY-X) was injected into individual neurons within 300-1000 microm thick aldehyde-fixed slices of kitten visual cortex. Subsequently, the LY-X was histochemically reacted using standard ABC methods to obtain a permanent record of the injected cells. Dendrites, studded with a variety of dendritic spines, were darkly labeled and well defined against virtually no background. Somatic spines, dendritic varicosities and growth cones were common in the younger animals. Computer-assisted reconstructions demonstrated that, in older animals, the dendritic arbors of cells injected in 300 microm slices were truncated, whereas the arbors of cells injected deep within thick slices were complete. The modifications described here remove the most critical limitation of intracellular injection in slices, allowing quantitative analysis of even large dendritic arbors.
Manilius 1.88

Manilius begins his first book with a brief summary of the early history of astronomy, leading to a sketch of the rise of civilization. In the following passage, printed as it is found in one of the principal manuscripts M , he describes the invention of language, agriculture and navigation: 1.85 tune et lingua suas accepit barbara leges, et fera diuersis exercita frugibus arua, et uagus in caecum penetrauit nauita pontum, fecit et ignotis inter commercia terris.
Time-dependent involvement of adult-born dentate granule cells in behavior

Adult-born neurons are continuously generated and incorporated into the circuitry of the hippocampus throughout life in mammals. Cumulative evidence supports a physiological role for adult-born neurons, yet it not clear whether this subset of dentate granule cells makes a unique contribution to hippocampal function. Perturbation or ablation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis leads to deficits in the acquisition of learned associations or memory recall, whereas an increase in adult hippocampal neurogenesis enhances some forms of learning and memory. The observed effects thus far appear to be task-dependent, species-specific, and sensitive to the timing of manipulations. Here, we review the recent evidence correlating adult-born dentate granule cells (DGCs) with hippocampal-dependent behavior and focus on the dynamic properties of this neuronal population that may underlie its function. We further discuss a framework for future investigations of how newly integrated neurons may contribute to hippocampal processing using advanced genetic techniques with enhanced temporal resolution.
Using primary and secondary stakeholders to define facility-to-community transition needs for adjudicated youth with disabilities

Abstract Stakeholder participation, specifically the primary beneficiary, enhances evaluation results by increasing the overall validity of the evaluative measure. This article provides an example of how the addition of adjudicated youth, the primary beneficiary, as a stakeholder group in a needs assessment provided additional information important for program development of a multi-agency transition program. The needs assessment consisted of five regional community forums comprised of youth correctional facility and community-based service providers ( n =127), as secondary stakeholders. A nominal group process was completed defining both supports and barriers to the development of the service delivery model. Additionally, qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted on adjudicated youth ( n =33) to describe their perception of the barriers and supports necessary for a successful transition from either a youth correctional facility or off of probation. Both groups identified and ranked the top 12 supports and barriers. Common themes emerged from both groups with substantive differences providing information that helped shape the program service delivery model to accommodate needs of both the adjudicated youth and secondary stakeholder participants. Implications for the development of the service delivery model are described.
System of Care Development in Children’s Mental Health: Lessons Learned from a Process Evaluation

Despite ongoing public calls for reform, the mental health needs of many children with psychological, emotional and behavioral disorders remain unmet. In response, providers continue to seek effective alternatives to institutional treatment by implementing comprehensive systems of care. The Children’s Enhancement Project (CEP) is a collaborative effort to provide holistic, community-based mental health services for children with an individualized, flexible, family-driven approach. We conducted a process evaluation of CEP’s early stage development and implementation utilizing both qualitative stakeholder interviews and quantitative survey components. The current article describes that evaluation and highlights the challenges and potential solutions encountered in developing a system of care. The lessons learned regarding system of care development, including the importance of a shared vision, establishing programmatic guidelines, achieving collaboration, and addressing sustainability concerns, are discussed.
An exploratory investigation of the risk of pathogenic contamination at selected New Jersey skilled nursing and assisted living residences

Elderly populations are vulnerable and generally have the highest incidence of morbidity related to foodborne illnesses and this problem may be aggravated in institutional or communal eating settings. The objective of this investigation was to examine the potential risk of food contamination in selected skilled nursing and assisted-living residences using bacteria indicator tests for Listeria spp., Salmonella spp. and E. coli. Of the 45 samples tested for Listeria, three (6.67 %) were found to be contaminated; Salmonella or E. coli contamination was not found in any of the samples. Reported incidents of foodborne illnesses are increasing in institutional settings, therefore there is an urgent need to collect information on practices that can prevent bacterial contamination of food served in elderly residences.
Effect of nursery storage and site preparation techniques on field performance of high-elevation Pinus contorta seedlings

Abstract After five years of growth at high-elevations (∼3000 m) in Utah, container lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. var. latifolia Engelm.) seedlings survived well (80–95%) and grew to similar heights regardless of nursery storage method and site preparation technique. Seedlings received one of three storage treatments: (1) spring-sown in the nursery, overwintered in cooler storage and outplanted in July; (2) spring-sown, overwintered in freezer storage, and outplanted in July; or (3) winter-sown, no storage, and hot-planted in late August. We outplanted seedlings at two locations that were clearcut and had received two treatments of surface organic matter (coarse wood, logging slash, and forest floor) removal: surface organic matter (OM) piled with a bulldozer and burned or surface OM remaining in situ. Compared to adjacent uncut stands, both site preparation treatments increased total soil bulk density, but retaining surface OM in situ maintained soil OM, carbon, and nitrogen levels. After one growing season, seedlings planted where surface OM had been bulldozed were taller and had more biomass, although survival was similar (≥96%) across site preparation treatments. The height growth advantage disappeared after five growing seasons and although overall survival was good, survival was highest where site preparation involved removal of surface OM and freezer-stored seedlings were planted. Total non-structural carbohydrates tended to be higher in roots than in shoots and were also higher in hot-planted seedlings than in stored seedlings. Our results indicate that nursery and forest managers have several options for successful nursery production and outplanting of container lodgepole pine seedlings in the central Rocky Mountains. Using hot-planted seedlings allows for a faster turnaround time (from seed to plantable seedling) and maintaining surface OM may be a cost-effective alternative to dozer piling and burning.
Synthesis and Pharmacological Activities of Some N-(2,2,3-Trichloro-1-hydroxypropyl)-amides

The amides of 2,2,3-trichloropropionaldehyde were synthesized and their physical and chemical constants determined. These compounds showed significant anticonvulsant activity, N-(2,2,3-trichloro-1-hydroxypropyl)-acetamide being the most active.
The Future of Accounting Education: A Regional Perspective

Abstract Accounting education is under pressure to change its current teaching methods. In this study, the authors surveyed employers of their university's accounting graduates and members of a local CPA chapter to ascertain which skills are important for new graduates and which educational innovations are effective. The top-rated four professional skills were analytical/critical thinking, written communication, oral communication, and decision-making. The top three technology skills included spreadsheet software, Windows, and word-processing software. The top education innovation was internships. These results agree with a national survey completed in 1999.
Measuring Extended Structure in Stars Using the Keck Interferometer Nuller

The Keck Interferometer Nuller is designed to detect faint off-axis mid-infrared light a few tens to a few hundreds of milliarcseconds from a bright central star. The starlight is suppressed by destructive combination along the long (85 m) baseline, which produces a fringe spacing of 25 mas at a wavelength of 10 m, with the central null crossing the position of the star. The strong, variable mid-infrared background is subtracted using interferometric phase chopping along the short (5 m) baseline. This paper presents an overview of the observing and data reduction strategies used to produce a calibrated measurement of the off-axis light. During the observations, the instrument cycles rapidly through several calibration and measurement steps, in order to monitor and stabilize the phases of the fringes produced by the various baselines, and to derive the fringe intensity at the constructive peak and destructive null along the long baseline. The data analysis involves removing biases and coherently demodulating the short-baseline fringe with the long-baseline fringe tuned to alternate between constructive and destructive phases, combining the results of many measurements to improve the sensitivity, and estimating the part of the null leakage signal which is associated with the finite angular size of the central star. Comparison of the results of null measurements on science target and calibrator stars permits the instrumental leakage - the "system null leakage" - to be removed and the off-axis light to be measured.
Factors affecting outcome in liver resection.

Background. Studies demonstrate an inverse relationship between institution/surgeon procedural volumes and patient outcomes. Similar studies exist for liver resections, which recommend referral of patients for liver resections to ‘high-volume’ centers. These studies did not elucidate the factors that underlie such outcomes. We believe there exists a complex interaction of patient-related and perioperative factors that determine patient outcomes after liver resection. We sought to delineate these factors. Methods. Retrospective review of 114 liver resections by a single surgeon from 1993–2003: Records were reviewed for demographics; diagnosis; type/year of surgery; American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score; preoperative albumin, creatinine, and bilirubin; operative time; intraoperative blood transfusions; epidural use; and intraoperative hypotension. Main outcome measurements were postoperative morbidities, mortalities and length of stay (LOS). Data were analyzed using a multivariate linear regression model (SPSS v10.1 statistical analysis program). Results. Primary indications for resections were hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (N=57), metastatic colorectal cancer (N=25), and benign disease (N=18). There were no intraoperative mortalities and 4 perioperative (30-day) mortalities (3.5%). Mortality occurred in patients with malignancies who were older than 50 years. Morbidity was higher in malignant (15.6%) versus benign (5.5%) disease. Complications included bile leak/stricture (N=6), liver insufficiency (N=3), postoperative bleeding (N=2), myocardial infarction (N=2), aspiration pneumonia (N=1), renal insufficiency (N=1), and cancer implantation into the wound (N=1). Average LOS for all resections was 8.6 days. Longer operative time (p=0.04), lower albumin (p<0.001), higher ASA score (p<0.001), no epidural use (p=0.04), and higher creatinine (p<0.001) all correlated positively with longer LOS. ASA score and creatinine were the strongest predictors of LOS. LOS was not affected by patient age, sex, diagnosis, presence of malignancy, intraoperative transfusion requirements, intraoperative hypotension, preoperative bilirubin, case volume per year or year of surgery. Conclusions. Liver resections can be performed with low mortality/morbidity and with acceptable LOS by an experienced liver surgeon. Outcome as measured by LOS is most influenced by patient comorbidities entering into surgery. Annual case volume did not influence LOS and had no impact on patient safety. Length of stay may not reflect surgeon/institution performance, as LOS is multifactorial and likely related to patient population, patient selection and increased high-risk cases with a surgeon's experience.
Diameter-dependent optical constants of gold mesoparticles electrodeposited on aluminum films containing copper.

Electrodeposition of gold mesoparticles on anodized and chemically etched aluminum/copper films deposited on silicon wafers proceeds by instantaneous nucleation and with no diffusion limitations. Both of these phenomena favor the formation of relatively monodispersed gold particles. Under the reported electrodeposition conditions, the relative standard deviation of the particle diameter is 25%. The particle coverage is 7 × 108 particles cm-2. The mean particle diameter varies as a function of electrodeposition time in the range of 40−80 nm. Optical constants of gold mesoparticles are resolved by spectroscopic ellipsometry. A two-layer optical model is constructed to determine both extinction coefficients and refractive indexes of gold mesoparticles as a function of the mean particle diameter. The absorption peak, associated with surface plasmons, is modeled with two Lorentz oscillators. Absorption peak maximums shift from 610 to 675 nm as the mean particle diameter increases from 42 to 74 nm. Electrodepos...
845 PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF A FOUR CHANNEL ELECTROLYTE ANALYZER (PVA-4) FOR PEDIATRIC INSTITUTIONS

845 PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF A FOUR CHANNEL ELECTROLYTE ANALYZER (PVA-4) FOR PEDIATRIC INSTITUTIONS
A particle method for collisional kinetic equations. I. Basic theory and one-dimensional results

Abstract A new method is introduced for describing the collisional term in the framework of a particle scheme. The equations of motion of the particles contain an additional term which takes into account the collisions. Numerical techniques are shown to compute this extra term and to solve the equations. Exact results concerning stability and consistency of the schemes for the diffusion equation are derived. Some numerical results for the one-dimensional case are reported.
“Mr. Company”: White Managers, Black Voices Revisited in Post Apartheid South Africa

Many human resources managers and others have dealt with changing worker motivations and declining productivity amidst change. However, when dramatic socio‐political events occur in a culture or globally, they often bring on new hopes and expectations for workers which may or may not be fully understood by ‘Mr. Company’, a patriarchal moniker South African workers often use when talking about the management of their employing company. South Africa's blue‐collar workers before and after apartheid are an example of the need to more frequently examine the impact of change on worker attitudes and of the perception of that change by management. This study revisits South Africa after apartheid to survey a sample of black workers and their white supervisors from three mining operations for changes in their attitudes since a baseline study performed by Harari & Beaty in the mid 1980's. The implications, to Mr. ‘Company's’ human resource managers and managers of other multinational enterprises, of these dramatic changes and resultant rise in workers' expectations are examined in light of the new, Nelson Mandela and African National Congress led, South African government's recommendations for enhancing black quality of life, involvement, and development.
EXPERIMENTAL PROOF OF THE SPIN DEPENDENCE OF THE MUON CAPTURE INTERACTION, AND EVIDENCE FOR ITS (F-GT) CHARACTER

Observations to determine whether the universal V-A'' interaction, as yet unproved in the case of mu capture, are made qualitatively. The time dependence of the rates at which neutral products (neutrons and/or nuclear photons) are emitted in the capture of muons by F/sup 19/ was measured to determine the spin dependence. A LiF target was used, since lithium has a negligible capture rate. Selection of either gamma - or n-induced pulses could be made. Results are presented in tabular form, and comparisons between observed and theoretical parameters are made. Using the precession rate, decay asymmetry parameters of mu - bound to F/sup 19/ (UF/sub 6/ target) and to C/sup 12/ (graphite) are compared. It is concluded that, in general, mu - capture is spin dependent; for F/sup 19/, LAMBDA /sup -/ LAMBDA /sup +/ (A' > +0); its magnitude is near the maxi mum possible, i.e., that predicted for an (F/sup +/ x GT) interaction with x approx equal -1; both the absolute rates and their spin dependence agree with the universal V-A'' prediction, and exclude a (V + A) interaction; and there is a fast F/sup +/ yields F/sup -/ conversion process of the predicted rate. (L.N.N.)
Primary solitary amyloidosis of the spine: A case report and review of the literature

Background Amyloidosis is a term that encompasses a group of disorders that have as their common feature the intercellular deposition of the amyloid protein by several different pathogenetic mechanisms. Primary solitary amyloidosis, or amyloidoma, is a rare subset of amyloidosis in which the amyloid deposition is focal and not secondary to a systemic process or plasma cell dyscrasia. We present the second reported case of a cervical spine amyloidoma and discuss its presentation and management. Methods This 58-year-old man presented with a 1-year history of intermittent chest pain that would radiate into both legs precipitated by valsalva maneuvers. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cervical spine revealed a homogenously enhancing lesion focally involving the C-7 vertebral level with significant spinal cord compression. He underwent combined anterior and posterior decompressive procedures with instrumentation for spinal stabilization. Histopathology revealed amyloid deposits and a systemic work-up was negative for amyloidosis. Results The patients is free of any tumor recurrence at 24 months and has a stable spine construct. Conclusions Primary solitary amyloidosis is a rare subtype of amyloidosis which, unlike other forms of amyloidosis, has an excellent prognosis with local resection. Diagnosis requires special stains and therefore a degree of suspicion for the disease. Management of vertebral amyloidoma involves aggressive local resection of the tumor when feasible and stabilization of the spine as mandated by the degree of tumor involvement. Complete evaluation for the diagnosis of systemic amyloidosis is essential for the management and prognostication of each case.
The β-lactamase motif in Snm1 is required for repair of DNA double-strand breaks caused by interstrand crosslinks in S. cerevisiae

Abstract The SNM1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is specific for repair of DNA interstrand crosslinks (ICLs). We report that the SNM1 gene functions in steps needed for the reformation of chromosomal DNA after double-strand breaks (DSBs) made in the process of ICL repair. However, SNM1 function is not needed for repair of HO endonuclease-generated DSBs. Therefore, the function of the SNM1 gene appears to act in the processing of the intermediates of the DSB repair, since the rate and extent of DSB appearance after ICL formation is normal in mutants lacking SNM1 function. The action of the SNM1 gene does not appear to depend on homologous recombination, but it does depend on an intact β-lactamase domain conserved with Artemis, a protein required for processing of V(D)J recombination intermediates.
The Nedd8-conjugated ROC1-CUL1 Core Ubiquitin Ligase Utilizes Nedd8 Charged Surface Residues for Efficient Polyubiquitin Chain Assembly Catalyzed by Cdc34 *

Lysine 48-linked polyubiquitin chains are the principle signal for targeting proteins for degradation by the 26 S proteasome. Here we report that the conjugation of Nedd8 to ROC1-CUL1, a subcomplex of the SCF-ROC1 E3 ubiquitin ligase, selectively stimulates Cdc34-catalyzed lysine 48-linked multiubiquitin chain assembly. We have further demonstrated that separate regions within the human Cdc34 C-terminal tail are responsible for multiubiquitin chain assembly and for physical interactions with the Nedd8-conjugated ROC1-CUL1 to assemble extensive ubiquitin polymers. Structural comparisons between Nedd8 and ubiquitin reveal that six charged residues (Lys4, Glu12, Glu14, Arg25, Glu28, and Glu31) are uniquely present on the surface of Nedd8. Replacement of each of the six residues with the corresponding amino acid in ubiquitin decreases the ability of Nedd8 to activate the ubiquitin ligase activity of ROC1-CUL1. Moreover, maintenance of the proper charges at amino acid positions 14 and 25 are necessary for retaining wild type levels of activity, whereas introduction of the opposite charges at these positions abolishes the Nedd8 activation function. These results suggest that Nedd8 charged surface residues mediate the activation of ROC1-CUL1 to specifically support Cdc34-catalyzed ubiquitin polymerization.
Evaluation of a Device to Exercise Hip Extensor Muscles in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Clinical and Field Study

This research includes the effectiveness of a tricycle (hip extensor tricycle) designed to isolate and exercise the hip extensor muscles in children with cerebral palsy. Five children diagnosed with cerebral palsy were given hip extensor tricycles for home use during an 8-week test period. The hip extensor strength and gait pattern of the subjects were recorded at 2-week intervals. Additional recorded information included the time and duration of subject use and a parent evaluation that noted subjective physical and psychological improvements. A panel of experts judged that the gait patterns of four subjects improved during the course of the study. There was an assignable cause for the lack of improvement in the fifth subject. The results of the strength testing were found to be inconclusive. The subjects used the device on a regular basis and enjoyed doing so. Parent evaluations indicated that the use of the hip extensor tricycle improved the subjects' physical condition, coordination, sense of accomplis...
Abstract B6: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells from melanoma patients suppress T cell proliferation and are associated with a shorter disease-free interval.

Immune therapies such as vaccines, immune stimulators (IL-2), and immune checkpoint regulators (anti-CTLA-4) for melanoma elicit an initial robust immunologic response to the tumor in some patients, however, the majority ultimately go on to die of their disease. This suggests that tumor eventually develop escape mechanisms meant to evade or defeat the intrinsic immune response. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been reported in melanoma and other cancer patients and may contribute to immune suppression or counter-regulatory responses. The aim of this project was to assess the potential role of circulating MDSCs in mediating immune suppression in advanced stage melanoma patients. Methods: MDSC populations (DC14+ Lin-HLA-DR- , Lin-HLA-DR- CD11b+ CD33+) were isolated from patients with (stage I n=20, stage IV n=35)or without (n=15) melanoma. Isolated MDSC's were mixed with allogeneic CFSE-labeled T cells for a 4 day mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). T cell activation and proliferation were quantified. Results: Stage IV melanoma patients have increased expression (2-3 times) of some MDSC populations (Lin-HLA-DR- CD11b+ CD33+) in the circulation compared to normal and stage I melanoma patients. By MLR, these MDSC's significantly suppressed T cell proliferation (40-50% reduction) and markers of activation (20%) to a greater extent than the same population of MDSC's for normal controls. Inhibiting nitric oxide failed to restore T-cell proliferation. A shorter disease free interval is associated with increased expression of CD33+ MDSC in the circulation. Conclusion: MDSC populations are increased in the peripheral circulation of stage IV melanoma patients and these cells actively suppress T cell proliferation. Efforts are underway to better understand the melanoma related factors responsible for the induction of MDSC's and the mechanism by which these cells suppress T-cell proliferation. Citation Format: Martin D. McCarter, Kimberly Jordan. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells from melanoma patients suppress T cell proliferation and are associated with a shorter disease-free interval. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology: Multidisciplinary Science Driving Basic and Clinical Advances; Dec 2-5, 2012; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B6.
A spatially selective composite 90° radiofrequency pulse

On propose l'utilisation d'une impulsion composite de 90°, tres sensible a la force du champ radiofrequence
Specific Rate Constants k(E) of the Dissociation of the Halobenzene Ions: Analysis by Statistical Unimolecular Rate Theories

Specific rate constants k(E) of the dissociation of the halobenzene ions C6H5X+ → C6H5+ + X• (X• = Cl, Br, and I) were measured over a range of 103−107 s−1 by threshold photoelectron−photoion coinc...
A fast vectorized multispin coding algorithm for 3D Monte Carlo simulations using Kawasaki spin-exchange dynamics

A new Monte Carlo algorithm for 3D Kawasaki spin-exchange simulations and its implementation on a CDC CYBER 205 is presented. This approach is applicable to lattices with sizes between 4×4×4 and 256×L2×L3 ((L2+2)(L3+4)/4⩽65535) and periodic boundary conditions. It is adjustable to various kinetic models in which the total magnetization is conserved. Maximum speed on 10 million steps per second can be reached for 3-D Ising model with Metropolis rate.
High-k dielectric fabrication process to minimize mobile ionic penetration

A process for fabricating hafnium oxide (HfO) films to minimize ionic penetration was developed and tested. A 333A HfO film was successfully deposited by thermal evaporation. The film was characterized through capacitance versus time (C-T) and capacitance versus voltage (C-V) measurements. The films were exposed to a solution of 0.1M NaCl physiological saline and preliminary results showed that the ionic species did not alter the electrical characteristics. The relative effective dielectric constant of the hafnium oxide layer and SiO 2 interfacial layer was 10.5, while the relative dielectric constant of the hafnium oxide layer was 18.
REVIEW ESSAY: DANGEROUS PEOPLE Criminal Careers and “Career Criminals” edited by Alfred Blumstein, Jacqueline Cohen, Jeffrey A. Roth, and Christy A. Visher. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 1986.

Criminal Careers and “Career Criminals” edited by Alfred Blumstein, Jacqueline Cohen, Jeffrey A. Roth, and Christy A. Visher.
Classification of SU(2) gauge fields: Lorentz-invariant versus gauge-invariant schemes

Two different and complementary schemes for classifying SU(2) gauge fields have recently been suggested. These are Wang and Yang's classification using the rank of a matrix and Carmeli's classification using the eigenspinor-eigenvalue equation. In this paper we interrelate the two classification schemes.
High-temperature simulated distillation GC analysis of petroleum resids and their products from catalytic upgrading over Co–Mo/Al2O3 catalyst

Abstract Two petroleum resids and their products from catalytic upgrading were characterized by high-temperature simulated distillation using gas chromatography (HT-SimDis GC) with a capillary column. The atmospheric equivalent boiling points (AEBP) determined by the HT-SimDis GC method in this work reached an end point of 847°C (1557°F). This method successfully analyzed the AEBP distribution of an atmospheric resid and a vacuum resid as well as their products from catalytic hydroprocessing. The analysis of the AEBP distribution vs. reaction temperature revealed that catalytic upgrading not only produced lighter fractions but also created desirable changes in the remaining >540°C fractions. For the runs over a sulfided Co–Mo/Al 2 O 3 catalyst, the yields of products with BP range of 540–700°C remained almost constant when the reaction temperature was within 350–400°C but decreased monotonically with further increasing reaction temperature up to 450°C. At 450°C, the 450–540°C fraction was also converted. The extent of catalytic hydrodesulfurization over Co–Mo/Al 2 O 3 catalyst increased with temperature from 350 to 450°C.
Iterative filtering of ground data for qualifying statistical models for solar irradiance estimation from satellite data

Abstract A new technique of filtering solar radiation ground data is proposed for generating models for solar irradiance estimation from geostationary satellite data. The filtering processes consists of an iterative way of selecting the training data set to achieve the best model response. Although in this paper the proposed methodology has been used for solar irradiance modeling, it could be applied to any kind of empirical modeling. The iterative filtering method has proven to have fast convergence and to improve successfully the statistical model response, when applied to hourly global irradiance calculation from satellite-derived irradiances for 13 Spanish locations. Individual statistical models for hourly global irradiance were fitted using the Heliosat I method applied to Meteosat images of 13 Spanish stations for the period 1994–1996.
Medicare Reimbursement Changes for Ambulatory Surgery Centers and Remuneration to Urological Physician-Owners

Purpose: To decrease the cost of surgical care Medicare has introduced a new facility fee schedule for ambulatory surgical centers. This prospective payment system increases reimbursement for many urological procedures, while decreasing reimbursement for others. All stakeholders, including physicians, the Medicare program and hospitals, will be affected by these changes.Materials and Methods: Using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality State Ambulatory Surgery Databases we identified Medicare patients in Florida who underwent urological procedures in ambulatory surgical centers from 1998 to 2005. Three facility groupings were created, including urology dominant, multispecialty and other specialty dominant. The impact of reimbursement changes at the procedure and facility levels was assessed using 2005 data. Projections of ambulatory surgical center use and reimbursement in 2008 were then generated using all available data.Results: In 2008 we project total payments by Medicare to increase by $4,23...
Inhibition of DNA synthesis by actinomycin D and cycloheximide in synchronized HeLa cells

Abstract 1. 1. The effect of an inhibition of RNA and protein syntheses on DNA synthesis was studied using actinomycin D and cycloheximide in synchronously growing populations of HeLa cells. Following the exposure of cells to the drugs, a distinction was made between the cells that were synthesizing DNA and the cells that have newly initiated DNA synthesis using 14 C and 3 H sequential radioisotopic labeling and two-emulsion radioautography. 2. 2. The results indicate that synthesis of DNA is dependent upon concurrent synthesis of RNA and protein and that the process involving the initiation of DNA synthesis is more sensitive to inhibitors than that of continuation of DNA synthesis. 3. 3. The activities of DNA polymerase, thymidine kinase, and deoxycytidine monophosphate deaminase were not significantly reduced following the exposure of cells in DNA synthesis while the rate of DNA synthesis as measured by the incorporation of 3 H-thymidine was markedly reduced by the inhibitors.
EFFECTS OF ORBITOFRONTAL CORTEX LESIONS ON COCAINE SELF-ADMINISTRATION

Previous research has implicated limbic and prefrontal cortical areas in the control of drug-seeking behavior. The present study examined the effects of orbitofrontal-cortex (OFC) lesions on acquisition, dose-dependence, within-session patterning, and reinstatement of cocaine self-administration. Rats received OFC or sham lesions before or after acquisition (0.3 mg/kg/injection, paired with a visual stimulus), then were tested with a range of doses (0, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3 and 1). Compared to controls, rats lesioned before acquisition acquired the behavior sooner, responded more at low doses, and responded more on the first day of extinction. Rats that were lesioned after acquisition showed an even larger increase in responding (approximately 250%) at the lowest dose, and they also showed increased timeout responding and drug "loading" at low doses. Pre-acquisition lesions were tested and found to have no effect on cocaine-induced reinstatement. In parallel experiments examining effects of pre-acquisition OFC lesions on food-reinforced responding, lesions did not alter acquisition, maintenance, or reinstatement, but accelerated the course of extinction. The increased cocaine self-administration seen in OFC-lesioned rats did not resemble the dysregulated drug intake observed in long-access models of addiction but might be due to impaired response inhibition or impaired tracking of the reward value of drug-related cues.
The two-membrane model of epithelial transport: Koefoed-Johnsen and Ussing (1958).

This year marks the 50th anniversary of the publication of one of the most important papers in the field of epithelial transport. In 1958 Valborg Koefoed-Johnsen and Hans Ussing presented the two-membrane model (KJU model) of Na transport by the frog skin ([Koefoed-Johnsen and Ussing, 1958][1]).
Who is Having Sex Inside Prison

Using data from one Midwestern state, the present study focuses on the demographics and incarceration experience of 620 adult males confined inside prisons in order to identify the types of inmates who participate in consensual sex during their incarceration. Overall, findings reveal that there were few differences between inmates who were sexually active behind bars and inmates who were not sexually active behind bars. Limitations, directions for future research, and implications for policy and practice are discussed.
Measurement of cloud solar reflected radiance and extinction from space lidar

A method of obtaining the reflected solar radiance from clouds with space lidar is described. The lidar telescope and detector are used effectively together as a visible radiometer at the lidar wavelength, the background signal on a lidar backscatter profile being proportional to the observed radiance in the lidar field of view. A DC-coupled output from the telescope detector is required for this method. The RMS background noise signal is also proportional to the observed radiance, where a DC-coupled detector is still effective. However, an AC-coupled detector could also be used. Both the methods are used here to measure the relative radiance along a part of one orbit of the Lidar In-Space Technology Experiment (LITE) on Space Shuttle Discovery. This orbit crossed over Typhoon Melissa where the cloud was optically thick and the reflectance at 532 nm was estimated by normalization at maximum values to previously observed GMS satellite values over similar clouds. Retrieval of the radiance from the internal lidar parameters is also being investigated. Some profiles of extinction coefficient below cloud top near the center of Melissa were also retrieved, showing an increase in extinction below cloud top to at least a depth of 1 km.
Coping with information relevant to the utilization of plants

Science and technology are increasingly confronted with an expanding, seemingly unmanageable accumulation of information. Positive efforts during recent years to cope with this problem have developed a gamut of systems of varying complexity to facilitate the efficient storage and retrieval of information. Knowledge in this field has advanced sufficiently that it can be applied on a practical basis to the information problems of economic botany. My aim in this paper is to assess briefly our present and potential supply of information and to emphasize the need for an effective program for its management. I shall point out some of the problems encountered in the development of an information program and attempt to provide some of the background that must form a basis for its establishment. I shall review the merits and shortcomings of a program that seems most adaptable to the needs of botanists dealing with information relevant to the utilization of plants. My viewpoint is that of a botanist interested in information control as a practical problem rather than as an art. I am concerned with the need for a program designed to handle hundreds of thousands or millions of facts about tens of thousands of species. While this paper will not pertain to problems of limited scope, those dealing with a relatively small number of species or a narrow field of plant utilization, some of the principles discussed are applicable to such problems. During the study which provided a basis for this paper, I consulted numerous publications in the general field of documentation including many accounts of the application of modern techniques to special information
A Large Number of Southern Short-Tailed Shrew, Blarina carolinensis, Skulls Recovered From a Single Discarded Bottle

Abstract The recovery of 25 southern short-tailed shrew (Blarina carolinensis) skulls from a single discarded bottle in Louisiana appears to be the largest number of Blarina ever found in one bottle and reported in the literature. Conservation concerns about the impact of discarded bottles on small mammal faunas seem justified and warrant investigation.
The milled surface as a precision attachment

The creation of paralleled, milled surfaces in natural or restored abutment teeth, coupled with removable partial denture castings that have optimal contact with these preparations, results in a path of insertion and removal that is controlled in a manner similar to one using conventional precision attachments. Because the milled surfaces are primarily extracoronal, little if any, additional tooth reduction is required for adequate mouth preparation. Avoiding additional tooth reduction minimizes later abutment fracture. The great increase in stability and resistance to rotational movements, when combined with conventional posterior clasping, provides a reasonable alternative to the precision attachment in providing maximal esthetics for the partially edentulous patients.