cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Anonymous Rhetorica Ad Herennium

This work, addressed to Gaius Herennius, has sometimes been attributed to Cicero. While we do not know who wrote Ad Herennium, we do know a little about the author. The author was a teacher of rhetoric in Rome in the first century B.C. He was inspired by Cicero’s interest in rhetoric and the application of mnemonics to rhetoric. This brief work is the most important classical document on the pragmatic aspects of memory. The sources on which it is based have not survived and so it became the main source of information about classical practices for Renaissance scholars who were interested in pragmatic aspects of memory.
Free and Peptide-Bound Amino Acids during the Larval and Pupal Stages of the Yellow-Fever Mosquito, Aedes aegypti

Changes in the free and peptide-bound amino acids during the 3rd and 4th larval instars and the pupal stage of Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) were studied. Thirty-six ninhydrin-positive compounds were separated on chromatograms of deproteinized insect extracts. Glutamic acid, alanine, tyrosine, and arginine consistently occurred in high concentration among the free amino acids, whereas among the peptide-bound amino acids, glutamic and aspartic acids and glycine were the principal components. In spite of various fluctuations, no definite developmental patterns emerged from the study, and no specific correlation of amino acid changes with development was possible. The possible significance of several of the changes are discussed. Several nonprotein amino derivatives were also present. The occurrence of citrulline and urea during only the larval stage suggested that urea may be an important excretory product during this stage.
Location Method of Partial Discharge Sources Based on Energy Cumulative Curve-wavelet Transform and Dynamic Weighting Statistics

In order to locate partial discharge(PD) source in transformer rapidly and accurately,we put forward a new partial discharge location method based on the combination of energy cumulative curve-wavelet transform and dynamic weighting statistics.The time delay of ultra-high frequency(UHF)signal,which was extracted from energy cumulative curves of UHF signals,was obtained by using the wavelet transform method.Then a model of dynamic weighting statistics method was established based on the initial points obtained from each time delay data.After excluding initial error points,the PD source of the signals could be located through calculating the dynamic weighting of each initial point.Experimental results show that,the dynamic weighted statistic can overcome the demerit of dispersivity of locating PD source according to a single set of data only,and locate the PD source in transformer more rapidly and accurately.It is concluded that the presented method combining energy cumulative curve-wavelet transform and dynamic weighting statistics realizes accurate location of PD source,with its minimum error of ten centimeters.
150 ASSESSMENT OF NEWBORN HEARING SCREENING PARENT EDUCATION MATERIALS.

Background In 1999 the American Academy of Pediatrics recommended that universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) be part of the standard of care for all newborns. Despite the availability of written UNHS materials in most states, parent awareness of UNHS remains low. The Institute of Medicine recently reported that 90 million Americans have trouble understanding and using health information and that most patient information is unnecessarily complex. Purpose To determine the reading level and user friendliness of available UNHS parent education materials regarding initial screening and retesting. Methods Seventy-six English language materials were evaluated for reading level using the Flesch Reading Ease Formula and user friendliness using a checklist modified from established models. The checklist contained 23 specific criteria grouped into 5 categories: layout, illustrations, message clarity, manageable information (information limited and focused on parents "need to know "), and cultural appropriateness. Each brochure was evaluated individually by three research assistants and each criterion scored according to the amount of improvement needed—little/none, some, or much—to make the brochure user friendly. Results The average reading level of the materials was 10th-12th grade, 27% were written at college level, and none were written at the recommended 6th grade level. Most brochures had some user-friendly attributes such as cultural appropriateness (82%), adequate font size (71%), and clear illustrations (80%). Most brochures needed some improvement in layout, clarity of the message, and providing a manageable amount of information. Criteria that needed most work were ample white space (37%), limiting paragraphs to 4-5 lines (44%), and focusing on parents9 "need to know " (24%). Conclusion States have made a good start in developing UNHS materials. Materials could be improved by lowering the reading level to at least a 7th to 8th grade level, making them more parent centered, and limiting the amount of information given. All materials must focus on what parents need to know and do in a timely manner.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis fibroblasts become resistant to Fas ligand-dependent apoptosis via the alteration of decoy receptor 3.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an irreversible lethal lung disease with an unknown etiology. IPF patients' lung fibroblasts express inappropriately high Akt activity, protecting them in response to an apoptosis-inducing type I collagen matrix. FasL, a ligand for Fas, is known to be increased in the lung tissues of patients with IPF, implicated with the progression of IPF. Expression of Decoy Receptor3 (DcR3), which binds to FasL, thereby subsequently suppressing the FasL-Fas-dependent apoptotic pathway, is frequently altered in various human disease. However, the role of DcR3 in IPF fibroblasts in regulating their viability has not been examined. We found that enhanced DcR3 expression exists in the majority of IPF fibroblasts on collagen matrices, resulting in the protection of IPF fibroblasts from FasL-induced apoptosis. Abnormally high Akt activity suppresses GSK-3β function, thereby accumulating the nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) in the nucleus, increasing DcR3 expression in IPF fibroblasts. This alteration protects IPF cells from FasL-induced apoptosis on collagen. However, the inhibition of Akt or NFATc1 decreases DcR3 mRNA and protein levels, which sensitizes IPF fibroblasts to FasL-mediated apoptosis. Furthermore, enhanced DcR3 and NFATc1 expression is mainly present in myofibroblasts in the fibroblastic foci of lung tissues derived from IPF patients. Our results showed that when IPF cells interact with collagen matrix, aberrantly activated Akt increases DcR3 expression via GSK-3β-NFATc1 and protects IPF cells from the FasL-dependent apoptotic pathway. These findings suggest that the inhibition of DcR3 function may be an effective approach for sensitizing IPF fibroblasts in response to FasL, limiting the progression of lung fibrosis. Copyright © 2016 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Intracellular compartmentalization of DNA fragments in cultured airway epithelial cells mediated by cationic lipids.

Purpose. The amount and intracellular distribution of DNA fragments (491 -bp) was characterized after transfection in vitro with a commercially available cationic lipid. Localization of fragment to the nucleus, its subcellular distribution, and integrity within the cells was determined for various times after transfection.
Genetics of Sjögren's syndrome.

The pathogenesis of Sjogren's syndrome has not been elucidated. There has been evidence that genetics play an important role in the development of this disease from earlier studies. However, till now only a number of genes have been identified to be associated with SS, and these have only a weak or moderate effect. In this review we summarize the findings of the genetics studies and emphasize the need of large multicenter projects that will increase the sample sizes to provide more meaningful associations, as is the case in other common autoimmune diseases.
Toward high fidelity spectral sensing and RF signal processing in silicon photonic and nano-opto-mechanical platforms

The performance of electronic systems for radio-frequency (RF) spectrum analysis is critical for agile radar and communications systems, ISR (intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance) operations in challenging electromagnetic (EM) environments, and EM-environment situational awareness. While considerable progress has been made in size, weight, and power (SWaP) and performance metrics in conventional RF technology platforms, fundamental limits make continued improvements increasingly difficult. Alternatively, we propose employing cascaded transduction processes in a chip-scale nano-optomechanical system (NOMS) to achieve a spectral sensor with exceptional signal-linearity, high dynamic range, narrow spectral resolution and ultra-fast sweep times. By leveraging the optimal capabilities of photons and phonons, the system we pursue in this work has performance metrics scalable well beyond the fundamental limitations inherent to all electronic systems. In our device architecture, information processing is performed on wide-bandwidth RF-modulated optical signals by photon-mediated phononic transduction of the modulation to the acoustical-domain for narrow-band filtering, and then back to the optical-domain by phonon-mediated phase modulation (the reverse process). Here, we rely on photonics to efficiently distribute signals for parallel processing, and on phononics for effective and flexible RF-frequency manipulation. This technology is used to create RF-filters that are insensitive to the optical wavelength, with wide center frequency bandwidth selectivity (1-100GHz), ultra-narrow filter bandwidth (1-100MHz), and high dynamic range (70dB), which we will present. Additionally, using this filter as a building block, we will discuss current results and progress toward demonstrating a multichannel-filter with a bandwidth of < 10MHz per channel, while minimizing cumulative optical/acoustic/optical transduced insertion-loss to ideally < 10dB. These proposed metric represent significant improvements over RF-platforms.
Review of Use and Integration of Mobile Apps Into Psychiatric Treatments.

Mental health practitioners should understand the features of current, publicly available apps; the features of novel, research apps; and issues behind the integration of mobile apps and digital health services into clinical workflows. The review is based on a research literature and the authors’ clinical and healthcare administration experiences. Articles searched—on telepsychiatry, telemental health, mobile mental health, informatics, cellular phone, ambulatory monitoring, telemetry, and algorithms—were restricted to 2016 and 2017. Technologies are used in a variety of clinical settings, including patients with varying mental illness severity, social supports, and technological literacy. Good practices for evaluating apps, understanding user needs, and training and educating users can increase success rates. Ethics and risk management should be considered. Mobile apps are versatile. Integrating apps into psychiatric treatment requires addressing both patient and clinical workflows, design and usability principles, accessibility, social concerns, and digital health literacy.
Complete genome sequence of lytic bacteriophage RG-2014 that infects the multidrug resistant bacterium Delftia tsuruhatensis ARB-1

A lytic bacteriophage RG-2014 infecting a biofilm forming multidrug resistant bacterium Delftia tsuruhatensis strain ARB-1 as its host was isolated from a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant. Lytic phage RG-2014 was isolated for developing phage based therapeutic approaches against Delftia tsuruhatensis strain ARB-1. The strain ARB-1 belongs to the Comamonadaceae family of the Betaproteobacteria class. RG-2014 was characterized for its type, burst size, latent and eclipse time periods of 150 ± 9 PFU/cell, 10-min, <5-min, respectively. The phage was found to be a dsDNA virus belonging to the Podoviridae family. It has an isometric icosahedrally shaped capsid with a diameter of 85 nm. The complete genome of the isolated phage was sequenced and determined to be 73.8 kbp in length with a G + C content of 59.9%. Significant similarities in gene homology and order were observed between Delftia phage RG-2014 and the E. coli phage N4 indicating that it is a member of the N4-like phage group.
Integrating Psychology and Theology at Undergraduate Colleges: A Developmental Perspective:

The integration of psychology and theology at the undergraduate level is faced with a variety of hurdles, but none is more daunting than the contextualization of the integrative question. By shifti...
Sleep Disorders in the Elderly

Although some physiologic changes in sleep are a normal part of the aging process, other sleep complaints made by elderly patients can indicate a primary or secondary sleep disorder. It is important to recognize the difference between normal age-related changes and what may require further testing to make an accurate diagnosis. Proper diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders can improve the quality of life and safety for the elderly and their families.
Almost Periodic Stochastic Processes

Preface.-1. Banach and Hilbert Spaces.-2. Bounded and Unbounded Linear Operators.- 3.An Introduction to Stochastic Differential Equations.-4. P-th Mean Almost Periodic Random Functions.-5. Existence Results for Some Stochastic Differential Equations.-6. Existence Results for Some Partial Stochastic Differential Equations.-7.Existence Results for Some Second-Order Stochastic Differential Equations.-8. Mean Almost Periodic Random Sequences and Their Applications to Stochastic Difference Equations.-References.-Index.
Poser: A Research Imposter at Play:

This article explores the “behind-the-scenes” of the author’s dissertation study, a postqualitative examination of teacher subjectivity written in narrative form. Here, the author proposes a new na...
Introduction to Part Three: Cardiac Remodeling

The concept of remodeling of the heart has evolved to include a broad spectrum of inherited or acquired electrical and structural myocardial alterations that are important in the pathogenesis of multiple cardiac arrhythmias [1–3]. The rhythm abnormalities associated with myocardial diseases discussed in this section include those encountered with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD), dilated cardiomyopathies (DCM), and skeletal myopathies. Functional electrophysiologic abnormalities frequently develop in association with structural and electrical remodeling with these myocardial diseases [1–3]. Also discussed in this section are functional cardiac alterations that can be inherited as channelopathies, such as the long QT syndromes (LQTS), catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, Brugada Syndrome, and the early repolarization syndromes. These functional abnormalities of ion channels also can be acquired, as occurs with drug induced QT prolongation and resultant Torsades de Pointes. Brugada type pattern on the electrocardiogram represents another example of an acquired condition induced by pharmacologic agents. These and other abnormalities of electrical activation are considered as forms of electrical remodeling, typically but not always, without significant structural remodeling. Thus when considered from the perspective of cardiac remodeling, the chapters in the section have a common thematic basis. These alterations of electrical depolarization, repolarization and myocardial structure assume clinical significance as they are mechanistically linked to a spectrum of cardiac arrhythmias [1–3]. Understanding the fundamental cellular and molecular mechanisms of remodeling is a requisite to identify novel therapeutic targets for the prevention or treatment of cardiac arrhythmias with the cardiac conditions discussed in this section [1–3].
Metamorphoses of the Scientist in Utopia

Contemporary sociology of science has cast a brilliant light on the organization of the scientific enterprise and has occasionally reflected upon the forms that it assumed in the past. There have been daring attempts at a psychology of scientific creativity, none of them completely convincing, even when enlivened by the confessions and self-analysis of scientists themselves. Clifford Geertz has been promising us an anthropology of the sciences, treating the various professional agglomerations as if they were tribes with unique cultures. Philosophies of individual sciences have multiplied, though such post-festum ratiocinations are not always acceptable to scientific practitioners. Eschewing these recognized academic forms of knowledge, which are often high on methodology and low on results, I come before you with a really solid and matter-of-fact way of understanding the scientific adventure — I propose to examine the role of the scientist, not in the actual world, but in the historical Utopias of the West. Of course, I would not contend that the changing ideal images of the scientist have had any measurable effect on the encyclopedic accumulation of knowledge. They have doubtless influenced the rhetoric of science more than its substance. But like the metamorphoses of the gods in ancient myths, the metamorphoses of the scientists in modern Utopian myths may still tell us something about what we have wished and hoped for, and also feared, from the activities of these new gods.
P145 Further evidence of the relevance of DP epitope analysis in the virtual and actual crossmatch in solid organ transplantation. A case report

Aim Epitope-based HLA matching has been developed as a better matching method in solid organ transplantation. Here we present a highly sensitized patient with 100% cPRA but low donor specific antibody (DSA) level at the DP locus. Virtual crossmatch (vXM) with a cadaveric donor predicted a negative result but the actual crossmatch gave an unexpected positive result in B cells maybe due to the presence of a cross-reactive epitope. The clinical relevance of antibodies directed against HLA-DP antigens is discussed in the literature with conflicting reports. Methods Single antigen bead assay (SAB) was used to detect the levels of alloantibodies in the patient serum. Flow crossmatches were performed with 3 conjugated antibodies: FITC-anti-Human IgG, CD3-RD1 and CD19-PC5. Serum-incubated cells were stained with fluorochrome conjugated antibodies prior to running on Navios instruments. Test was done using current and historical sera from the patient. Results SAB analysis showed high levels of alloantibodies in both Class I and Class II but only a DSA for DP6. In our lab, DSA are considered “Positive” for HLA-DP when MFI values are ⩾ 15,000. MFI values for current and historical sera were 7536 and 10520 respectively suggesting a negative crossmatch. FCXM results were negative in both T and B cells for the last serum but unexpected positive crossmatch only in B cells was observed in the historical serum. Retrospective analysis of previous sera showed a well-defined antibody to the DP epitope, 56E, with gradual decreasing levels of MFI. The apparent discrepancies between the virtual and actual crossmatch results can be probably due to the “peanut butter” effect of this cross-reactive epitope. The patient was transplanted based on the negative crossmatch from current serum followed by immunosuppression protocol. Conclusions Our results provide evidence to the impact of epitope analysis in the vXM and its effect in the actual crossmatch. Implementation of epitope-based HLA matching in our lab will help to better select compatible donors. Characterization and matching DP epitopes using computational methods seems to be more relevant than common matching alleles. Transplant in the presence of DSA at the epitope level needs to be closely monitored to determine their true clinical relevance in solid organ transplantation.
Supplemental nutrition assistance program participation among working-age adults with disabilities who experience employment exits and entries

ABSTRACTObjective: To examine differences in Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation among persons who experience employment changes, controlling for disability and individua...
On Communication Scheduling and Remote Estimation in the Presence of an Adversary as a Nonzero-sum Game

In this paper, we consider a nonzero-sum dynamic game that arises in a remote sensing system with a sensor, an encoder, a decoder, and adversarial intervention. At each time step, the sensor makes a measurement on the state of a stochastic process, and then it decides whether to transmit the measurement or not. If the sensor decides to transmit the measurement, it sends the measurement to the encoder, which then transmits an encoded message to the decoder over an additive noise channel. The decoder generates a real-time estimate on the state of the stochastic process. In this scenario, the cost associated with the remote sensing system consists of a charge for the transmissions made by the sensor, a charge for the encoding power consumed by the encoder, and a charge for the estimation error caused by the decoder. The components of the remote sensing system have the common objective of minimizing this cost. On the other hand, the additive channel noise is generated by an adversary, which is charged the power of the noise and is rewarded the error of the estimated state. Under some technical assumptions, we obtain a Nash equilibrium solution to this nonzero-sum dynamic game.
Adolescent life values: An exploratory study of differences and similarities by urbanicity

This exploratory correlational study examined whether life values (i.e., goals or principles that guide peoples’ lives) differed by urbanicity. The nationally representative sample included adolesc...
A monolithic electrically-injected nanowire array edge-emitting laser on (001) silicon

A silicon-based laser remains an important goal in science and technology. Unfortunately silicon is ill-suited as a light-emitter, prompting the need for alternative high quality light sources integrated with silicon. One such alternative, presented here, is a monolithic III-N edge-emitting laser comprised of a planarized nanowire array. Nanowire heterostructures with InGaN/GaN disk-in-nanowire active regions were grown on (001)silicon and planarized with parylene, forming a composite slab heterostructure supporting a guided mode propagating transverse to the growth direction. From this composite slab, ridge-geometry lasers were fabricated. Lasers with emission at 533 nm (green) and 610 nm (red) are presented here. The lasers are characterized by J th = 1.76 kA/cm 2 (green) and 2.94kA/cm 2 (red) under continuous wave current injection. The green lasers have device lifetime of ~7000 hrs. Small-signal modulation measurements have also been performed. The -3dB modulation bandwidth of the green laser is 5.7 GHz.
Surgeon experience and opioid prescribing.

Abstract Background We evaluated the effects of surgeon characteristics such as surgeon experience on differences in opioid prescribing after surgery. Methods We evaluated a 20% national sample of Medicare beneficiaries ≥65 years old who underwent 15 different types of surgery to identify surgeon characteristics associated with opioid prescription size filled within seven days of discharge using a multi-level linear model. Results 174,141 patients and 13,828 surgeons met inclusion criteria. 53.8% of patients filled an opioid prescription within seven days postoperatively. The amount of opioids prescribed after surgery was highest for patients whose surgeons were early in practice (i.e. 0-7 years in practice). Surgeon credentials, type of surgery, and geographic region were associated with differing sizes of opioid fills postoperatively. Conclusions Surgeon characteristics such as cumulative years of practice contribute to differences in prescribing behavior after surgery. These findings can help develop strategic interventions to enhance opioid stewardship.
Dialectical Pain Management: Feasibility of a Hybrid Third-Wave Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Approach for Adults Receiving Opioids for Chronic Pain.

Objectives This study evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and potential effectiveness of a hybrid skills-based group intervention, dialectical pain management (DPM), for adults with chronic pain who are receiving long-term opioid therapy. DPM adapts dialectical behavior therapy, a rigorous psychotherapeutic approach to emotion dysregulation, to treat disorders of physiological dysregulation. Methods Individuals with chronic pain (N = 17) participated in one of two 8-week DPM intervention cohorts. At pre-test and post-test, participants completed quantitative self-report assessments measuring pain intensity and interference, depressive symptoms, pain acceptance, beliefs about pain medications, and global rating of change. Within 2 weeks after the intervention, participants completed qualitative interviews to assess participant satisfaction and obtain feedback about specific intervention components. Results Of the 17 enrolled, 15 participants completed the group with 12 (70%) attending six or more sessions. Participants reported high satisfaction with the intervention. Preliminary findings suggested a significant increase in pain acceptance and a significant reduction in depressive symptoms. Participants also reported an improved relationship with their pain conditions and increased flexibility in responding to pain and applying coping skills. Several participants showed a reduction in opioid dosage over the course of the intervention. Discussion Findings support that DPM is a feasible and well-received intervention for individuals with chronic pain. Additional research with a control group is needed to further determine the intervention's efficacy and impact.
Construction of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae P97 Null Mutants

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the causative agent of enzootic pneumonia, a world-wide problem in the pig industry. This disease is characterized by a dry, non-productive cough, labored breathing, and pneumonia. Despite years of research, vaccines are marginally effective, and none fully protect pigs in a production environment. A better understanding of the host-pathogen interactions of the M. hyopneumoniae-pig disease, which are complex and involve both host and pathogen components, is required. Among the surface proteins involved in virulence are members of two gene families called P97 and P102. These proteins are the adhesins directing attachment of the organism to the swine respiratory epithelium. P97 is the major ciliary binding adhesin and has been studied extensively. Monoclonal antibodies that block its binding to swine cilia have contributed extensively to its characterization. In this study we use recombination to construct null mutants of P97 in M. hyopneumoniae and characterize the resulting mutants in terms of loss of protein by immunoblot using monoclonal antibodies, ability to bind purified swine cilia, and adherence to PK15 cells. Various approaches to recombination with this fastidious mycoplasma were tested including intact plasmid DNA, single-stranded DNA, and linear DNA with and without a heterologous RecA protein. Our results indicate that recombination can be used to generate site-specific mutants in M. hyopneumoniae. P97 mutants are deficient in cilia binding and PK15 cell adherence, and lack the characteristic banding pattern seen in immunoblots developed with the anti-P97 monoclonal antibody.
Factors affecting market outlet choice of agroforestry based mango producers in Kwale and Kilifi counties, Kenya: The application of the Multivariate Probit model

Access to profitable market outlets for agroforestry mango producers is a major concern in Kwale and Kilifi counties. This paper is set to determine the factors affecting the choice of market outle...
Graph data management for molecular biology.

IT IS OUR VIEW that labeled directed graph data models (simple, nested, or hypergraphs) can naturally and usefully capture a wide variety of biological data and queries. We believe that development of general purpose graph data management systems (GDMSs) could become major platforms for development of a wide variety of bioinformatics database systems spanning applications from DNA sequences, chemical structure graphs, to contact graphs and biopathways. The use of a common data model and query language across numerous biological applications is very attractive from both a development and user standpoint. Considerable research and development effort are still required to extend current systems to meet modern requirements.
Effect of Cow's Milk on the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Persistent Dilemma for the Pediatrician

The confusing area of cow's milk intolerance is explored in an attempt to define the various mechanisms whereby milk affects gastrointestinal function, resulting in clinical symptoms (diarrhea, vomiting, gastrointestinal bleeding, etc.). The adverse reaction of infants to cow's milk ingestion may relate to lactose intolerance (enzymatic), a direct toxic reaction to the mucosal surface resulting in epithelial damage, or it may be immunologically mediated. Factors such as increased intestinal permeability to milk proteins during the newborn period may also contribute to susceptibility of young infants to milk sensitivity. The relative roles of systemic (milk agglutinins) and local immunity (SIgA antibodies) in milk intolerance are discussed and differential immunologic responses (IgE versus IgA/IgM) considered in the pathogenesis. It was concluded that new techniques such as organ culture of intestinal biopsy specimens are needed to establish the diagnosis of hypersensitivity and to begin to provide ways of adequately treating the condition.
Formation and growth of organic aerosols downwind of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill

[1] Aerosol size distributions were measured in June 2010 downwind of the surface oil slick produced by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. Previous work has shown that rapid condensation of partially oxidized hydrocarbons was responsible for formation of a plume of secondary organic aerosol downwind of the spill region. Here we examine new particle formation and growth kinetics. New particles were formed upwind of the freshest oil but downwind of oil that surfaced less than about 100 hours previously. Four nm particles formed at a rate of ∼3 cm−3 s−1 and subsequently grew by condensation at a rate of ∼20 nm hr−1; preexisting accumulation mode particles grew by ∼10 nm hr−1. The gas-phase concentration of a condensing species necessary to support irreversible growth with unit accommodation coefficient is estimated to be ∼0.04–0.09 μg m−3 (∼3–8 pptv). Gas-phase concentrations may have been higher if condensation were limited by volatility. The ratio of growth rates for newly formed particles to accumulation mode particles was consistent within error limits with irreversible condensation. The absence of new particle formation away from the <100 hr-old oil slick indicates that the oxidation products of gas-phase hydrocarbon species were directly involved in the formation and growth of new particles.
A game-theoretic economic operation of residential distribution system with high participation of distributed electricity prosumers

Abstract This paper proposes a game-theoretic framework for economic operations of future residential distribution systems with high participation of distributed electricity prosumers. Recently, the large-scale grid integration of distributed renewable energy is becoming a promising solution to restructuring the current power grid infrastructure and ensuring the reliability of energy supply. The wide adoption of distributed renewable energy mainly depends on the participation level of residential consumers and prosumers. Accordingly, there is an urgent need to investigate the economic operations of this new, highly complex retail electricity market that potentially has millions of interactive endpoints. This paper identifies the new roles of utilities and distributed electricity prosumers in the future retail electricity market. The game-theoretic algorithms used to clear the retail electricity market price consider the group coalition scenarios of multiple electricity prosumers. Several numerical case studies are conducted to illustrate and validate the proposed framework.
Implications and saturation for the administration of higher education site licenses

The purpose of this poster is to describe the administration of the educational license for Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. (ESRI), the largest geographic information systems (GIS) software company in higher education. ESRI's GIS higher education site license allows for unlimited use for teaching, research and administrative purposes throughout an entire university, school district, or state. Administration of unlimited users varies at each institution depending on the information agency responsible for local distribution of the desktop and cloud versions of software. The poster presents survey findings of the higher education site license administrators and outlines the factors associated with distribution, including type of software distribution, frequency of distribution, and the information agency charged with distribution on each campus, as well as the number of devices/downloads of service credits. In a world with ubiquitous location-based services via the Geoweb and location a key factor in many decisions, GIS software should be a standard part of any office software suite training for today's knowledge workers. The educational implications for faculty and students without GIS access are costly. The poster concludes and invites further discussion on why GIS, this earth processing system, is not as common in higher education computer labs as other common software suites.
Folktales of the Jews, Volume 2: Tales from Eastern Europe

Reviewed Medium: book Year: 2007 Pages: 550 Publisher: The Jewish Publication Society ISBN: 978-0-8276-0830-6 (hard cover).
Electronic screening tool for pneumonia: Performance and utilization

RATIONALE: We developed a real-time electronic screening tool that identifies patients with pneumonia in the emergency department (ED) using the electronic medical record. Our aim was to evaluate performance and compare utilization rates 6 months after tool initiation. METHODS: Our screening tool uses Bayesian logic to combine electronically recorded clinical data with a natural language program that identifies evidence of pneumonia within radiographic reports. Once a patient is identified, the ED physician can confirm the diagnosis then proceed with a decision support tool for management recommendations. In 4 EDs located in Salt Lake City, among all patients obtaining a chest radiograph for the periods of May 5-Jul 10 2011, and Oct 1-Dec 31 2011, a random selection of 300 as well as 60 tool-positive patient records was evaluated by three physician authors for clinical and radiographic evidence of pneumonia. Sensitivity and specificity compared to physician review, ED physician acknowledgment, and tool utilization were evaluated. RESULTS: 13,859 patients had chest imaging done; the rate of pneumonia was 8.2%. Sensitivity was .74, and positive predictive value .51. Among the true- positive cases, ED physicians9 recognition and agreement with the tool alert showed a non-significant increase from 37% (15/41) to 53% (21/40) (p=.22). Of all true pneumonia cases, utilization of the decision support tool increased significantly, from 12% (6/49) to 48% (29/60) (p=.004). CONCLUSION: Our electronic screening tool demonstrated moderate sensitivity and positive predictive value compared to physician review. Physician recognition and usage increased over time.
Conversion of Non-Tunneled to Tunneled Hemodialysis Catheters

Purpose To determine the safety and efficacy of conversion of non-tunneled (temporary) catheters to tunneled catheters in hemodialysis patients.
Mechanical properties of Al2O3/polymethylmethacrylate nanocomposites

Alumina/polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) nanocomposites were produced by incorporating alumina nanoparticles, synthesized using the forced gas condensation method, into methylmethacrylate. The particles were dispersed using sonication and the composites were polymerized using free radical polymerization. At an optimum weight percent, the resulting nanocomposites showed, on average, a 600% increase in the strain-to-failure and the appearance of a well-defined yield point when tested in uniaxial tension. Concurrently, the glass transition temperature (T g ) of the nanocomposites dropped by as much as 25°C, while the ultimate strength and the Young's modulus decreased by 20% and 15%, respectively. For comparison, composites containing micron size alumina particles were synthesized and displayed neither phenomenon. Solid-state deuterium NMR results showed enhanced chain mobility at room temperature in the nanocomposites and corroborate the observed T g depression indicating considerable main chain motion at temperatures well below those observed in the neat polymer. A hypothesis is presented to relate the thermal and mechanical behavior observed in the composites to the higher chain mobility and T g depression seen in recent ultrathin polymer film research.
Expert systems and document delivery in an automated acquisitions environment

Suite a l'experience de l'auteur, precedemment bibliothecaire specialisee dans les acquisitions dans une bibliotheque/ centre de documentation technique d'entreprise, en quoi un systeme expert peut etre un outil d'aide a la decision et a la coordination des ativites d'acquisition et de fourniture de documents en dehors de tout changement organisationnel dans les responsabilites du personnel d'une biliotheque
Structure–activity relationship studies of novel pyrazole and imidazole carboxamides as cannabinoid-1 (CB1) antagonists

The synthesis and biological evaluation of novel pyrazole and imidazole carboxamides as CB1 antagonists are described. As a part of eastern amide SAR, various chemically diverse motifs were introduced on rimonabant template. The central pyrazole core was also replaced with its conformationally constrained motif and imidazole moieties. In general, a range of modifications were well tolerated. Several molecules with low- and sub-nanomolar potencies were identified as potent CB1 receptor antagonists. The in vivo proof of principle for weight loss is demonstrated with a lead compound in DIO mice model.
The golden age of comparative neuroethology on display in Japan.

One of those early pioneers of neuroethology, Masakazu (Mark) Konishi, was honored at this conference with a symposium in his name. There were four speakers who each had worked with Mark at some point in their careers and whose works were shaped by Mark’s insight. Mark is best known for his work on sound localization in barn owls and for his work on birdsong learning. Mark was also honored with the awarding of the first Konishi Neuroethology Research Awards to four young investigators. It was wonderful that Mark was able to attend this conference and particularly that he was accompanied by Walter Heiligenberg’s son. Walter was an early pioneer of work on the jamming avoidance response in electric fish. Other icons in neuroethology were honored at this conference by being named Fellows of the International Society for Neuroethology. The Fellows inducted this year were Franz Huber, Eve Marder, Ed Kravitz, Tom Collett, Darcy Kelley, and Tom Cronin. They were chosen for their research, their leadership in education and outreach, and their extraordinary service to the field of neuroethology. Now, decades after the first ICN, we see that there is still active research on classic neuroethological organisms, which, in addition to owls and electric fish, includes bats, honeybees, crickets, and lampreys. However, there is a far greater diversity of organisms than ever before, including: I recently returned from an incredible trip to Sapporo, Japan, where I attended the eleventh International Congress of Neuroethology (ICN) (http://www.icn2014. jp/). The very first ICN was also held in Japan in 1986. There were 304 participants at that first congress (142 from overseas and 162 from Japan). Twenty-eight years later, there were 630 participants with 416 coming from 21 countries outside of Japan. This was my first visit to Japan and I learned firsthand about the culture of elegance, grace, and perfection. This applied to the conference itself, which was incredibly well managed. Neuroethology is of course the study of the neural basis of natural behavior. Researchers in the field often point to Krogh’s principle as a justification for studying the neural basis of behavior in ‘non-model’ organisms, namely that an organism should be chosen because it is the easiest with which to study a particular problem [Krogh, 1929]. Thus, barn owls were chosen for studying sound localization because of their champion abilities at catching prey with passive hearing [Konishi, 2003]. Similarly, the jamming avoidance response was studied in the electric fish because it offered an opportunity to explore sensorimotor integration of an entire behavior [Heiligenberg, 1980]. The field of neuroethology became synonymous with these specialized animals, their abilities, and the pioneering researchers who studied them. Published online: October 23, 2014
Platelet‐derived growth factor mediates tight junction redistribution and increases permeability in MDCK cells

Increased tissue permeability is a common characteristic of a number of diseases such as pulmonary edema, inflammatory bowel disease, several kidney diseases, diabetic retinopathy, and tumors. We hypothesized that growth factors increase permeability by redistribution of tight junction proteins away from the cell border. To investigate mechanisms of growth factor-mediated permeability, we examined the effect of platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) on Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell tight junction protein distribution and on permeability. PDGF altered the cellular distribution of occludin and ZO-1 from the cell border to the cytoplasm and increased permeability to 70 kDa dextran in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of MDCK cells with PDGF prior to fixation allowed binding of the lectin concanavalin A to the basement membrane of fixed cells, while binding was prevented in untreated control monolayers, implying that PDGF induced the formation of a paracellular transport pathway. Cell fractionation experiments with PDGF-treated cells revealed a novel occludin-containing low-density, detergent resistant subcellular structure, which increased in the buoyant fractions relative to occludin in the pellet in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Immunocytochemistry revealed that a pool of internalized occludin co-labels with the early endosome marker, EEA1, suggesting that PDGF may stimulate occludin to enter an endosomal pathway. PDGF may act as a permeabilizing agent by moving tight junction proteins away from the cell border in discrete microdomains, and the effects of PDGF on permeability and tight junction protein distribution may model the regulation of epithelial and endothelial barrier properties by other peptide growth factors.
π-Complexes of Alkenes to Trivalent Aluminum

The structures of simple π-complexes of aluminum alkyls and aluminum alkyl halides were explored with use of ab initio molecular orbital theory. Complexes of AlR 3−n Cl n (R=H, CH 3 ) with ethylene and propene were found to be stable intermediates, not transition structures. The energies of binding have been estimated by using post-Hartree-Fock techniques
A deletion polymorphism due to Alu-Alu recombination in intron 2 of the retinoblastoma gene: association with human gliomas.

The retinoblastoma gene (RB) encodes a tumor suppressor that is inactivated in a number of different types of cancer. We searched for gross alterations of this gene in tumors of the central nervous system by using Southern blot hybridization. A common alteration was found in several tumors and was mapped to the region around exon 2. Nucleotide sequencing showed that the alteration was caused by a 799-bp deletion in intron 2 of the RB gene and was probably due to homologous recombination between two Alu repeats. Deletions of this type have not been found previously in the RB gene. The deletion turned out to be a polymorphism with an allele frequency estimated at 2.2% in 185 patients without cancer. The deletion was foud in five of 48 patients with brain tumors (allele frequency of 5.2%). This difference is not statistically significant (P = 0.149, Fishers exact test). Confining the analysis only to glioma brain tumors revealed a statistically significant difference compared with the cancer-free patient controls (P = 0.027, Fishers exact test). Further study is needed to determine if the deletion is a weak brain cancer–predisposing mutation or a harmless polymorphism. Finding this mutation in a tumor and the germline DNA of a retinoblastoma patient could lead to incorrect estimation of the heritability of a tumor. Mol. Carcinog. 19:69–73, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Feasting, fasting and fermenting: glucose sensing in yeast and other cells

Glucose is the primary fuel for most cells. Because the amount of available glucose can fluctuate wildly, organisms must sense the amount available to them and respond appropriately. Altering gene expression is one of the major effects glucose has on cells. Two different glucose sensing and signal transduction pathways in the yeast S. cerevisiae--one for repression, and one for induction of gene expression--have recently come into focus. What we have learned about these glucose sensing and signaling mechanisms might shed light on how other cells sense and respond to glucose.
Interaction of crazes with pre-existing shear bands in glassy polymers

Shear bands have been grown in bulk specimens of P3O(poly 2,6 diphenyl 1,4 phenylene oxide) and in thin films of two blends of polystyrene with poly(xylenyl ether). The subsequent interaction of crazes with these shear bands has been characterized by transmission electron microscopy. For the case of shear bands grown under the plane stress conditions of thin films, it is found that the bands act as preferential sites for craze nucleation. A fairly regularly-spaced array of short crazes grows within the shear bands and these crazes may thicken sufficiently to coalesce. When the crazes reach the end of the shear band they emerge and propagate into the unoriented polymer matrix. Within the shear band the craze growth direction does not lie normal to the tensile axis, but is rotated due to the molecular orientation of the shear band. The direction of craze growth is also affected under the plane strain conditions of bulk specimens. In this case the craze is diverted along the shear band before re-emerging into the matrix. Measurements of the craze fibril extension ratio, λ, within the shear band show an increase over typical values obtained outside the shear band in the same polymer. This high value of λ leads to an increased likelihood of craze break-down and crack nucleation within the shear band.