cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Interaction of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4, Miz-1, leptin, lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase, and granulin precursor with the N-terminal half of type III hexokinase.

Abstract Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4, Miz-1, leptin, prostaglandin D synthase, and granulin precursor were identified as proteins interacting with the N-terminal half of mammalian Type III hexokinase (HKIII) in the yeast two-hybrid method. These interactions were confirmed by in vitro binding studies. All five of these proteins, and their mRNAs, were present in PC12 cells, as shown by immunoblotting and RT-PCR, respectively. All were coimmunoprecipitated from PC12 extracts with an antibody against HKIII, but not with anti-Type I hexokinase. Moreover, all of these proteins were coimmunoprecipitated using anti-leptin as precipitating antibody, indicating the existence of a macromolecular complex including these five proteins and HKIII. Transfection of M+R 42 cells with HKIII-green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter constructs gave a diffuse intracellular fluorescence. Cotransfection with leptin or Miz-1 resulted in distinctly different localization of the HKIII-GFP fusion protein, at intracellular sites coincident with localization of leptin-GFP or Miz-1-GFP reporter constructs.
Verification of Synchronous Elastic Processors

We develop a formal verification procedure to check the correctness of synchronous elastic pipelined processors against their synchronous parent systems. Note that the goal of the verification procedure is not to establish the correctness of the algorithm for synthesizing elastic circuits, but instead, to find bugs and formally prove the correctness of elasticized designs. Dataflow through elastic architectures is complicated by the insertion of any number of elastic buffers in any place in the design. We introduce elastic token-flow diagrams, which are used to track the flow of data in elastic architectures. We provide a method to construct such diagrams. We also develop a highly automated and systematic procedure based on elastic token-flow diagrams that computes functions that map states of elastic systems to states of the synchronous parent systems. Such functions, known as refinement maps are used to compare behaviors of elastic and synchronous systems and hence prove their equivalence. We elasticized a five-stage DLX processor that enables the insertion of buffers in its data path. We constructed several elastic processors by introducing up to five elastic buffers at various places in the data path and verified equivalence with their synchronous parent processor.
Retinoid-induced ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament

Vitamin A and its synthetic congeners are known to produce a variety of skeletal abnormalities in patients on prolonged treatment with these medications. Two patients are described who developed posterior longitudinal ligament ossification following treatment with the synthetic retinoid 13-cis-retinoic acid. In both cases, this finding became apparent after other retinoid-induced skeletal abnormalities were observed and was less marked than the ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament. Although spinal cord compression did not occur in our patients, patients on long-term retinoid therapy should be carefully observed for this complication.
Mast cells exert pro-inflammatory effects of relevance to the pathophyisology of tendinopathy

We have previously found an increased mast cell density in tendon biopsies from patients with patellar tendinopathy compared to controls. This study examined the influence of mast cells on basic tenocyte functions, including production of the inflammatory mediator prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), extracellular matrix remodeling and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) gene transcription, and collagen synthesis. Primary human tenocytes were stimulated with an established human mast cell line (HMC-1). Extracellular matrix remodeling was studied by culturing tenocytes in a three-dimensional collagen lattice. Survival/proliferation was assessed with the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium salt (MTS) assay. Levels of mRNA for COX-2, COL1A1, MMP1, and MMP7 were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Cox-2 protein level was assessed by Western blot analysis and type I procollagen was detected by immunofluorescent staining. PGE2 levels were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Mast cells stimulated tenocytes to produce increased levels of COX-2 and the pro-inflammatory mediator PGE2, which in turn decreased COL1A1 mRNA expression. Additionally, mast cells reduced the type I procollagen protein levels produced by tenocytes. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) was responsible for the induction of Cox-2 and PGE2 by tenocytes. Mast cells increased MMP1 and MMP7 transcription and increased the contraction of a three-dimensional collagen lattice by tenocytes, a phenomenon which was blocked by a pan-MMP inhibitor (Batimastat). Our data demonstrate that mast cell-derived PGE2 reduces collagen synthesis and enhances expression and activities of MMPs in human tenocytes.
Toward production of jet fuel functionality in oilseeds: identification of FatB acyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterases and evaluation of combinatorial expression strategies in Camelina seeds

Seeds of members of the genus Cuphea accumulate medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs; 8:0–14:0). MCFA- and palmitic acid- (16:0) rich vegetable oils have received attention for jet fuel production, given their similarity in chain length to Jet A fuel hydrocarbons. Studies were conducted to test genes, including those from Cuphea, for their ability to confer jet fuel-type fatty acid accumulation in seed oil of the emerging biofuel crop Camelina sativa. Transcriptomes from Cuphea viscosissima and Cuphea pulcherrima developing seeds that accumulate >90% of C8 and C10 fatty acids revealed three FatB cDNAs (CpuFatB3, CvFatB1, and CpuFatB4) expressed predominantly in seeds and structurally divergent from typical FatB thioesterases that release 16:0 from acyl carrier protein (ACP). Expression of CpuFatB3 and CvFatB1 resulted in Camelina oil with capric acid (10:0), and CpuFatB4 expression conferred myristic acid (14:0) production and increased 16:0. Co-expression of combinations of previously characterized Cuphea and California bay FatBs produced Camelina oils with mixtures of C8–C16 fatty acids, but amounts of each fatty acid were less than obtained by expression of individual FatB cDNAs. Increases in lauric acid (12:0) and 14:0, but not 10:0, in Camelina oil and at the sn-2 position of triacylglycerols resulted from inclusion of a coconut lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase specialized for MCFAs. RNA interference (RNAi) suppression of Camelina β-ketoacyl-ACP synthase II, however, reduced 12:0 in seeds expressing a 12:0-ACP-specific FatB. Camelina lines presented here provide platforms for additional metabolic engineering targeting fatty acid synthase and specialized acyltransferases for achieving oils with high levels of jet fuel-type fatty acids.
Reading SAR data: a new general reader and a proposed new standard

All recent scientific SAR data is formatted in compliance, more or less, with the CEOS standard developed recently. If this standard were followed meticulously by each organization that produces SAR data, a single program could read all of the data. However, there are small but significant differences in how each sensor's data is formatted and this has led to the need for a different program to read the data for each sensor, and even for each format from the same sensor. This makes using the data difficult for most users, as the first step is to read it in to some kind of image processing system, such as ERDAS, PCI, GRASS, KHOROS, etc. The solution to this problem has been for data providers and commercial vendors to write tape readers for their customers. Unfortunately, many of these readers do not read all the ancillary data and do not allow easy porting for use with other image processing systems. A new general reader has been developed that solves all these problems. It uses simple text "format" files to define the data that is to be read in: variable name and type, location in file, and format. The reader writes a new file in a new format, as described later. A standard reader now reads from this new file, allowing the user to write interface code to read the data (ancillary and image) into the user's image processing system. The new proposed format addresses the following issues: (1) a single file per image, with a single record-length per file; (2) Ancillary data in ASCII: KEYWORD=value; comment; (3) Self-documenting via comments and strict syntax; (4) Self-reading, so that a program can inspect input file and generate code that can read in all data in input file; (5) Addition of new parameters is simple, and users can generate readers for the new format with the program in 4. This code is written and works now.
Meta-analysis of complications in aortic valve replacement: comparison of Medtronic-Corevalve, Edwards-Sapien and surgical aortic valve replacement in 8,536 patients.

Background: We sought to establish the complication rates following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in the context of high risk and octogenarian surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in the contemporary literature, and to critically analyze population characteristics and outcomes. Methods: TAVR studies were selected from nonoverlapping series and SAVR studies for comparison if they met similar entry criteria. Bayesian meta-analytic methods were employed. Results: For the 5024 TAVR and 3512 SAVR patients included in the study, TAVR subjects had greater baseline renal impairment (P < 0.001), a higher incidence of prior myocardial infarction (P = 0.032) and respiratory disease (P = 0.005) and a higher logistic EuroSCORE (P = 0.039). There were no significant differences observed in complications studied in SAVR and TAVR: 30 day mortality (9% vs 8.5%, P = 0.31), 1 year mortality (18.4% vs 22.8%, P = 0.65), 30 day stroke (2.4% vs 2.6%, P = 0.72), new permanent pacemaker (5.9% vs 12.1%, P = 0.055) and dialysis inception (2.4% vs 4.1%, P = 0.70). We also compared demographics and outcomes between the two types of transcatheter valves. Apart from some variation in functional status, there were no significant differences at baseline with different TAVR designs. The only difference in complications was the need for pacemaker insertion, higher with the Medtronic-Corevalve than with the Edwards-Sapien design (24.5% vs 5.9% P < 0.0001). Conclusions: Complications for elderly and high risk aortic stenosis patients being treated by TAVR appear comparable to those selected for SAVR in the real-world. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sex and marriage of raters in the evaluation of occupations

Abstract The evaluation of occupational prestige ratings obtained from different subgroups within the same society has been shown to be remarkably similar (Reiss, A. J., Jr., Duncan, O. D., Hah, P. K., and North, C. C., 1961, Occupations and Social Status, Free Press, New York; Svalastoga, K., 1959, Prestige, Class, and Mobility, Gyldendal, Copenhagen; Tiryakian, E. A., 1958, American Journal of Sociology 63 (January), 390–399). Our purpose is to explore how the gender and marital status of raters influence the evaluation of occupational prestige. Using more detailed data than heretofore available, we will reexamine the similarity between occupational prestige evaluations observed among female and male respondents. Models of the way in which characteristics of occupational incumbents, such as income and education, are constructed to explore possible differences in the ways in which male and female raters evaluate occupations. The results of this analysis by gender of rater will then be used to examine both the gender and marital status of raters.
Interlaced interpolation weighting functions for multislice helical computed tomography

We develop a new projection weighting function for interpolation and reconstruction of multislice helical computed tomography (CT) data with the hope of improving longitudinal resolution and reducing longitudinal aliasing in reconstructed volumes. The weighting function is based on the application of the Papoulis generalized sampling theorem to the interlaced longitudinal samples acquired by the multislice scanner. We call the approach 180MII, for multislice interlaced interpolation. For pitch 3, the 180MII approach yields high-quality images of the 3-D Shepp-Logan phantom as well as a longitudinal modulation transfer function (MTF) superior to that of the widely used 180MLI approach, which is based on the use of linear interpolation. The approach also suppresses the aliasing component expected from analysis of the longitudinal sampling pattern that arises when one neglects the small cone angle present in multislice helical CT. The approach is not as successful at mitigating an additional "unexpected" aliasing component that can be attributed to this cone angle. The presence of this conebeam effect is interesting and significant in its own right since it reveals the limitations of any multislice helical CT algorithm that ignores the cone angle.
The Mass Media and the Public's Assessments of Presidential Candidates, 1952–2000

Media critics blame contemporary news for increasing levels of apathy and ignorance among the electorate. We agree that the amount of policy-oriented information in news coverage of presidential campaigns has declined and the level of news consumption has fallen. Yet, based on 50 years of data on media content and public attitudes, we find that over this period of time Americans have just as much to say about the major-party presidential candidates, what they have to say is more policy oriented, the association of vote choice with policy considerations has strengthened while the association with character considerations has weakened, and factual knowledge about the presidential candidates' issue positions has not declined. We assess the role of education, party polarization, and paid advertising in explaining trends in Americans' political knowledge and engagement. We show that the public's steady level of information and increased focus on policy in presidential politics reflects the high level of policy...
Role of RyR2 phosphorylation in heart failure and arrhythmias: Controversies around ryanodine receptor phosphorylation in cardiac disease.

Cardiac ryanodine receptor type 2 plays a key role in excitation–contraction coupling. The ryanodine receptor type 2 channel protein is modulated by various post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation by protein kinase A and Ca 2+ /calmodulin protein kinase II. Despite extensive research in this area, the functional effects of ryanodine receptor type 2 phosphorylation remain disputed. In particular, the potential involvement of increased ryanodine receptor type 2 phosphorylation in the pathogenesis of heart failure and arrhythmias remains a controversial area, which is discussed in this review article.
Explanatory emotion talk in Mexican immigrant and Mexican American families

This study investigated emotion conversations in 48 Mexican-descent families, focusing on their use of emotion labels and explanations during a videotaped storytelling task. Emotion conversations were examined for patterns related to mothers’ intracultural group (Mexican immigrant, Mexican American) and preschool-age children’s gender. Results indicated that Mexican immigrant mothers used more explanations than labels, whereas Mexican American mothers used comparable amounts of both. Children in both groups used equal amounts of labels and explanations. Mothers’ emotion talk did not show gender patterns, but, in the Mexican American group, girls discussed emotion more than boys did. The data reported here contrast with previous studies reporting low frequency of explanations in Mexican-descent mother-child interactions, diverge from prior findings in European American families, and suggest that gender patterns in emotion talk vary both across and within cultural groups. The results on Mexican-descent fami...
Identification, Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles, and Virulence of Members from the Family Enterobacteriaceae from the Feces of Yellow-Headed Blackbirds (Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus) in North Dakota

Public pressure to reduce or eliminate antimicrobials as ingredients of feed for poultry and other agricultural animals is mounting, primarily due to the fear of multidrug-resistant bacteria in clinical infections in both animals and humans. Exploration of the occurrence of antibiotic resistance in the gut flora of wildlife avian flocks that presumptively do not receive antimicrobials will determine the rate of resistance in a naive population. Fecal samples collected from a healthy population of the yellow-headed blackbirds (YHB) (Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus) in North Dakota were cultured to determine what genera and species of gram-negative facultative anaerobic bacteria these wild birds carry in their intestinal flora and to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles. Isolates of Escherichia coli were further characterized for the presence of putative virulence factors and for pathogenic potential using the chicken embryo lethality assay (ELA). The ELA was performed in chicken embryos with challenges at both 12 days and 16 days of incubation to determine whether the 16-day-old embryos were better able to fight the infection and subsequent disease and also to determine whether the ELA could distinguish between primary and secondary avian Escherichia coli pathogens. After screening 33 isolates from the 21 fecal samples, only two E. coli isolates were identified. The predominant genus and species of bacterium identified was Pantoea agglomerans. Collectively, 12 of the 33 isolates (36%) exhibited no resistance to any antimicrobial tested. However, several multidrug-resistant isolates of varying genera were identified. Among the antimicrobial resistances observed, the most common was to ampicillin (60%), followed by cephalothin (33%). Neither E. coli isolate belonged to serogroups that are notorious for causing major outbreaks of colibacillosis in poultry, and only one E. coli isolate retained resistance to any antibiotics; nevertheless, the ELA results indicate that at least one of these E. coli may be a primary pathogen of chickens. This study demonstrates that antibiotic resistance occurs in the gut flora of natural populations of YHB despite the absence of antibiotic pressure. In addition, these results indicate that YHB will harbor E. coli isolates that are potentially pathogenic in poultry. However, these E. coli isolates are not a significant reservoir for multiple antibiotic resistances nor are they widespread in the population of YHB surveyed in North Dakota.
Efficacy of a Comprehensive Educational Program to Improve Surgical Residents’ Comfort Obtaining Informed Consent

Variable Pre-VSA Training (mean SD) Post-VSA Training (mean SD) p Value Peg transfer time, min 3.53 ( 2.00) 2.31 ( 0.82) <0.006 Peg transfer score 0.91 ( 1.04) 0.13 ( 0.34) <0.002 Pattern cut time, min 4.90 ( 2.34) 3.81 ( 1.61) <0.043 Pattern cut score 1.70 ( 1.40) 1.91 ( 2.13) ns Bowel anastomosis time, min 17.96 ( 6.93) 12.19 ( 4.35) <0.043 Bowel anastomosis score 3.13 ( 1.29) 2.43 ( 0.99) <0.001 Table. Responses to Survey Questions and Their Changes from Pre-Intervention to Post-Intervention
Multi person tracking and querying with heterogeneous sensors

Tracking the location of a user is considered to be the most fundamental step for creating a context aware application such as activity monitoring in an assistive environment. The problem becomes very challenging, if the number of people involved in the scenario is larger than one. The reason is that any multi-person environment such as a hospital demands a simultaneous identification and localization mechanism, thus making the system extremely complex. In this dissertation, we present a novel, less-intrusive system that uses RFID and sensors deployed at various locations of an assistive apartment to continuously track and identify every person in a multi-person assistive environment. In addition, the system stores the large scale spatio-temporal sensor data into a common repository and provides a flexible query interface to track the history of the patient. The visualization tool embedded to the system helps the therapists to remotely monitor a person present in a scene in near real time. Such a visualization gives a very good indication about a person/patient's activity and behavior in the assistive environment as well. The system also incorporates the metadata mapping of the large amount of stored data so that a doctor/therapist can query about a patient records without even knowing all the schemas stored in the repository.
Electrochemical Behavior of Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide Adsorbed onto Carbon Nanotube and Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanotube Electrodes

Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is a cofactor for many enzymes, but also an informative redox active surface probe for electrode materials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nitrogen-doped CNTs (N-CNTs). FAD spontaneously adsorbs onto the surface of CNTs and N-CNTs, displaying Langmuir adsorption characteristics. The Langmuir adsorption model provides a means of calculating the electroactive surface area (ESA), the equilibrium constant for the adsorption and desorption processes (K), and the Gibbs free energy of adsorption (ΔG°). Traditional ESA measurements based on the diffusional flux of a redox active molecule to the electrode surface underestimate the ESA of porous materials because pores are not penetrated. Techniques such as gas adsortion (BET) overestimate the ESA because it includes both electroactive and inactive areas. The ESA determined by extrapolation of the Langmuir adsorption model with the electroactive surface probe FAD will penetrate pores and only include electroactive areas. The re...
Operative treatment of severe gluteal muscles contracture

Objective:To investigate the operative treatment of gluteal muscles contracture,the prevention and the cure of complications.Methods:According to the classification degree of gluteal muscles contracture and the diagnosis criteria of severe cases made by Liu Guohui et al,the diagnosed 287 patients underwent the operation,and the postoperative function exercise.The patients were followed up.Results:The follow up was 4.5 years in average ranged from eleven months to eight years.The effective rate was 100% and the cure rate was 97.5% with less complication and without recurrence.Conclusions:The operation can greatly improve the curative effect of gluteal muscles contracture and reduce postoperative complications to release the pathological tissues completely with less trauma and perform effective function exercise.
Perinatal hypocuprosis affects synthesis and composition of neonatal lung collagen, elastin, and surfactant

To investigate the role of iron, ascorbate, and fructose on copper depletion and the effect of copper depletion on neonatal lung collagen, elastin, and surfactant, female rabbits were fed a control diet [10 parts per million (ppm) copper], a basal marginal copper diet (1.5 ppm), or a basal diet containing a high concentration of iron (1,750 ppm), ascorbic acid (1%, wt/wt), or fructose (20% of carbohydrates, wt/wt) or a combination of iron, ascorbic acid, and fructose throughout gestation. Whereas 10% of neonates in the control group died in the first 24 h, 27-67% of the offspring of rabbits fed the marginal copper diet died. Birth weight was also lower for the pups of the females fed the marginal copper diets. Lungs of neonates born to females fed iron or ascorbate and marginal copper diets had low levels of copper, high proportions of acid-extractable, high-molecular-weight collagen, and low lysyl-oxidase activities, consistent with incomplete maturation of collagen. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of newborns whose mothers were fed marginal copper diets alone or in combination with iron and/or ascorbate had lower levels of total surfactant phospholipids than the fluids from lungs of control newborns. The lower surfactant phospholipid content of these groups could be attributed mainly to lower phosphatidylcholine and, in particular, dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine levels. These results suggest that high maternal intakes of iron, ascorbate, or their combination in pregnancy deplete biologically available copper, which in turn induces neonatal lung abnormalities.
Assessing and Manipulating Protein Folding Dynamics

While the folding energy landscape theory provides an overarching framework for understanding how proteins fold, a mechanistic elucidation of the folding mechanism of any specific protein still requires characterization of its conformational dynamics at the molecular level. However, this requirement amounts to a significant challenge to experimentalists as none of the existing techniques is capable of taking conformational snapshots along the folding pathway(s) with the necessary temporal and structural resolutions, let alone to directly and realistically determine the underlying folding free energy surface(s). In this talk, we will discuss several spectroscopic methods that could significantly improve our ability to assess the folding dynamics of specific structural elements in protein folding kinetic studies and, in some cases, to distinguish between different folding pathways. In addition, we will present examples showing how certain details of the folding free energy landscape of interest can be revealed by manipulating the corresponding folding dynamics via structural cross-linking.
Respiratory Function of the Red Blood Cell Hemoglobins of Six Animal Phyla

Red blood cells containing, with one interesting exception, simple hemoglobins occur in seven animal phyla; six, the Phoronida, Annelida, Nemertina, Echiuroidea, Mollusca, and Echinodermata, are covered here. By red blood cells (RBCs) I refer to the nucleated cells that circulate in any body fluid, most often in an extracellular cavity that lacks small bore tubes. By simple hemoglobins (Hbs) I mean multiples of 1–12 polypeptide chains of ca. 16 kDa, loosely linked to one another if at all. The term tissue heme proteins will be restricted here to the noncirculating, O2-binding molecules found in muscles, nerves, and gills.
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ONGOING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND EDUCATORS’ PERCEIVED SKILLS RELATIVE TO RtI

Widespread adoption of Response to Intervention (RtI) requires large numbers of educators to develop the knowledge and skills necessary to implement the model with fidelity. This study examined relationships between large-scale professional development on RtI and educators’ perceived skills. Elementary educators (n = 4,283) from 34 pilot and 27 comparison schools in a southeastern state participated. Leadership teams composed of subsets of educators from pilot schools who were responsible for leading RtI implementation participated in 13 days of training across a 3-year period. Additionally, job-embedded coaching was provided to pilot school instructional educators. Results from multilevel models indicated that leadership team membership related to increases in educators’ perceptions of RtI skills applied to academics (π = .05; SE = .02; t[6,726] = 2.60; p < .05) and of data display skills (π = .07; SE = .03; t[6,678] = 2.45, p < .05). Educator participation at pilot schools that received job-embedded coaching related to increases in perceptions of RtI skills applied to academics (β = .07; SE = .02; t[6,726] = 2.77, p < .05). Implications for future research on RtI implementation and the practice of providing large-scale professional development focused on RtI are discussed.
MANAGEMENT OF THE TRANSPLANT PATIENT IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

SUMMARY Critical care management of organ transplant recipients requires a massive investment of time and resources. Care is mainly supportive with attention centered on the transplanted organ but also involves monitoring, diagnosis, and early treatment of many associated problems. Evaluation and support of the transplanted organ's function is the first goal of ICU management. Once the patient's transplanted organ is functioning well, and associated organ dysfunction is controlled, weaning from mechanical ventilation and tracheal extubation are accomplished. Adjustment of the immunosuppression regimen is the next hurdle for these patients. Finally, the differentiation of infection versus rejection becomes the chronic battle that the transplant intensivist must wage.
MICROBIAL COUNTS OF INDIVIDUAL PRODUCER AND COMMINGLED GRADE A RAW MILK

Microbial populations of Grade A raw milk samples from 105 individual producers and 74 bulk tank trucks (commingled) were enumerated by Standard Plate Count (SPC), psychrotrophic count (PBC), coliform count (CC), laboratory pasteurized count (LPC), thermophilic count (TBC), yeast and mold count (Y&M), and special penicillin (PEN) and crystal violet tetrazolium (CVT) agar count procedures. In addition, microbial populations were determined by the SPC, PBC, PEN, and CVT procedures after preliminary incubation (PI) of samples. Initial mean counts obtained on individual producer samples were generally lower than those for commingled samples. However, producer samples had higher mean counts after PI. Growth ratios were lower for commingled than for individual producer samples indicating slower growth during PI. Results obtained by the PBC, PEN, and CVT procedures were similar when viewed as correlation coefficients, distribution of samples according to microbial counts, mean counts, and growth ratios during PI...
The Romance Treatment of Two Old Norse Diphthongs

(1958). The Romance Treatment of Two Old Norse Diphthongs. WORD: Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 57-61.
Joint Rhythmic Movement Increases 4-Year-Old Children's Prosocial Sharing and Fairness Toward Peers.

The allocation of resources to a peer partner is a prosocial act that is of fundamental importance. Joint rhythmic movement, such as occurs during musical interaction, can induce positive social experiences, which may play a role in developing and enhancing young children’s prosocial skills. Here, we investigated whether joint rhythmic movement, free of musical context, increases 4-year-olds’ sharing and sense of fairness in a resource allocation task involving peers. We developed a precise procedure for administering joint synchronous experience, joint asynchronous experience, and a baseline control involving no treatment. Then we tested how participants allocated resources between self and peer. We found an increase in the generous allocation of resources to peers following both synchronous and asynchronous movement compared to no treatment. At a more theoretical level, this result is considered in relation to previous work testing other aspects of child prosociality, for example peer cooperation, which can be distinguished from judgments of fairness in resource allocation tasks. We draw a conceptual distinction between two types of prosocial behavior: resource allocation (an other-directed individual behavior) and cooperation (a goal-directed collaborative endeavor). Our results highlight how rhythmic interactions, which are prominent in joint musical engagements and synchronized activity, influence prosocial behavior between preschool peers.
Staining Technology and Bright-Field Microscope Use

We will introduce bright-field microscope use, practice Gram staining with foodborne pathogens, and practice endospore staining with Bacillus cereus.
Self-Help Practice Exercises from Lists and Single- and Multiple-Score Tests

Define what each behavior listed below means to you. Use a dictionary or the Internet if you need information. Give two examples to make sure you understand the definition. It might take you more than a day to write down all these definitions. Take your time. After you have completed this list, go to item No. 2.
Cardiac Muscle with Controlled Geometry

Heart cells in tissue culture have served as an experimental preparation for nearly 70 years (Burrows, 1912). However, the unique advantages of the preparations for physiological studies became evident after Moscona (1952) succeeded in using the proteolytic enzyme, trypsin, to obtain suspensions of embryonic cells. Isolated heart cells, contained within an appropriate culture medium, could then be introduced to glass or plastic substrates at densities sufficient to promote the formation of either monolayer or relatively thin multilayer preparations that were suitable for electrophysiological (Fange et al., 1952; Crill et al., 1959) and ion-transport (Burrows and Lamb, 1962) studies. In 1954, a conference was held, jointly sponsored by the New York Academy of Sciences and the Tissue Culture Association, to explore the utilization of tissue culture in pharmacology (Pomerat, 1954). Although at the time, it was believed that tissue culture had much to offer the study of drug action, recognition was given to the fact that tissue culture was not yet amenable to quantitative determinations.
Contrast enhancement in scintigrams by means of digital filters

Die Scintigraphie ist eine Methode zur Erkennung und Lokalisation von Tumoren und Metastasen. Zur Verbesserung der Fruhdiagnostik ist es wichtig, die Detailerkennbarkeit im Scintigramm weiter zu steigern. Eine geeignete Methode dafur ist die digitale Erfassung und Speicherung der scintigraphischen Mesdaten und die anschliesende Filterung der digitalen Scintigramme mit Dekonvolutionsfiltern. Die Moglichkeiten dieser Methode zur Kontrastverstarkung bei Scintigrammen werden untersucht und diskutiert.
Service Coordination by Public Sector Managers in a Human Service Contracting Environment

Despite emerging evidence of contracting for evidence-based practices (EBP), little research has studied how managers lead contract-based human service delivery. A 2015 survey of 193 managers from five San Francisco Bay Area county human service departments examined the relationship between contract-based service coordination (i.e., structuring cross-sector services, coordinating client referrals and eligibility, overseeing EBP implementation) and the predictors of managerial role, involvement, and boundary spanning. Multivariate regression results suggested that county managers identified fewer service coordination challenges if they were at the executive and program levels, had greater contract involvement, and engaged in contract-focused boundary spanning. In conclusion, we underscore the organizational and managerial dimensions of contract-based service delivery.
Manifest Gauge Invariance in Nonrelativistic Quantum Mechanics with Classical Electromagnetic Fields

Since gauge invariance is such a fundamental symmetry principle, it is surprising that a manifestly gauge-invariant formulation of nonrelativistic quantum mechanics did not emerge until a few years ago. In 1976 Yang1 gave such a formulation in which he took as physical observables only Hermitian, gauge-invariant operators.2,3 For a charged particle in an external classical electromagnetic field, the Hamiltonian is not in general the energy operator. An energy operator is defined as the sum of the kinetic and potential energies, which is the Hamiltonian minus the scalar potential of the external time-dependent electromagnetic field.4–6 The eigenvalue equation for the energy operator gives the energy eigenvalues and energy eigenstates at any time. The probability amplitude for finding the particle in an energy eigenstate is the inner product of the eigenstate of the energy operator and the wave function. This amplitude is gauge invariant, and therefore can be used to obtain a valid probability. The energy eigenstates are coupled by the matrix elements of the quantum-mechanical power operator.7
A Shoulder Mechanism for Assisting Upper Arm Function with Distally Located Actuators

This paper presents a new design for a shoulder assistive device based on a modified double parallelogram linkage (DPL). The DPL allows for active support of the arm motion in the sagittal plane, while enabling the use of a distally located motor that can be mounted around the user’s waist to improve the weight distribution. The development of the DPL provides an unobtrusive mechanism for assisting the movement of the shoulder joint with a wide range of motion. This design contains three degrees-of-freedom (DOFs) and a rigid structure for supporting the arm. The modified DPL uses a cable-driven system to transfer the torque of the motor mounted on the user’s back through the links to the arm. The proposed design assists with the flexion/extension of the arm, while allowing the adduction/abduction and internal/external rotations to be unconstrained. A kinematic analysis of the cable system and linkage interaction is presented, and a prototype is fabricated to verify the proposed concept.
Characterization of the exposure-response relationship leading to recommendations for dosing optimization in a new drug application review.

2510 Background: On November 29 2012, the U. S. FDA approved cabozantinib (COMETRIQ) for the treatment of patients with progressive, metastatic medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). Drug-related toxicity...
The role of involvement: Investigating the effect of brand's social media pages on consumer purchase intention

Abstract This study examined the influence of consumer's brand familiarity and the information quality of social media content on their involvement with a brand on the brand's social media pages. Also studied were the influence of involvement on consumer's attitude towards the brand's social media page and the effect of their attitude on future purchase intention from the brand. The results indicated that both brand familiarity and information quality had significant effects on a consumer's involvement with a brand on its social media page, yet the brand's social media content had a greater influence on a consumer's involvement with the social media page. Further, involvement with a brand's social media led to a positive attitude towards the brand's social media page, which in turn influences future purchase intention from the brand. However, the involvement did not directly influence future purchase intention from the brand. The results suggest the significant importance of quality of social media content.
A finite scale model for shock structure

Abstract In this paper we explore the use of a finite scale model of fluid dynamics to predict the finite structure of a shock wave in a perfect gas. We begin by documenting the history and issues that have arisen when Navier–Stokes theory is applied to the shock structure problem, and continue by motivating the improvement that finite scale theory might provide from its representation of inviscid (anomalous) dissipation. Our primary results include the formulation of a traveling wave equation from finite scale theory, an analysis of the solutions of that equation as regards shock width and monotonicity properties, and an estimation of the critical parameter of the theory from experimental data.
Caveats in obtaining high-quality 2D materials and property characterization

The field of two-dimensional (2D) materials remains a key area of scientific research today, generating continual interest for electronic, sensing, and quantum technology. As the field progresses beyond proof-of-concept devices, experimental and analytical methods and results must be scrutinized to ensure the veracity of scientific claims. Here, some favored synthesis and characterization techniques within the 2D material (2DM) community and certain limitations inherent to these techniques are discussed. The authors highlight select caveats of solid-source and seed-promoted synthesis techniques, such as difficulties in reproducibility and compromised electrical performance of films synthesized with nucleation agents. Furthermore, the importance of careful characterization methodology in determining 2DM layer number, stoichiometry, and dopant effects is discussed. This article is intended to further educate researchers regarding select techniques and claims in the 2DMs field.
X-ray measurement model and information-theoretic metric incorporating material variability with spatial and energy correlations

Extending our prior work, we propose an X-ray measurement model that incorporates spatial- correlated material variability. The model enables more accurate task-specific assessment of the performance of X-ray imaging and sensing systems. More specifically, the model can be used to calculate bounds on the probability of error (Pe) for threat-detection tasks. We analyze the performance of a prototypical X-ray measurement system to compare the new spatial- and energy-correlated model with the previous model, which ignores the spatial correlation.
Therapeutic targeting of 15-PGDH in murine pulmonary fibrosis

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive disease characterized by interstitial remodeling and pulmonary dysfunction. The etiology of IPF is not completely understood but involves pathologic inflammation and subsequent failure to resolve fibrosis in response to epithelial injury. Treatments for IPF are limited to anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agents, which are only partially effective. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) disrupts TGFβ signaling and suppresses myofibroblast differentiation, however practical strategies to raise tissue PGE2 during IPF have been limited. We previously described the discovery of a small molecule, (+)SW033291, that binds with high affinity to the PGE2-degrading enzyme 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) and increases PGE2 levels. Here we evaluated pulmonary 15-PGDH expression and activity and tested whether pharmacologic 15-PGDH inhibition (PGDHi) is protective in a mouse model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF). Long-term PGDHi was well-tolerated, reduced the severity of pulmonary fibrotic lesions and extracellular matrix remodeling, and improved pulmonary function in bleomycin-treated mice. Moreover, PGDHi attenuated both acute inflammation and weight loss, and decreased mortality. Endothelial cells and macrophages are likely targets as these cell types highly expressed 15-PGDH. In conclusion, PGDHi ameliorates inflammatory pathology and fibrosis in murine PF, and may have clinical utility to treat human disease.
QAnon and the information dark age

We are entering a dark age for information literacy, an age predicated on a strange reversal of accepted wisdom. Whereas early Internet advocates predicted a utopian age of information access and literacy, the twenty-first century has witnessed a paradoxical technological expansion of communications technologies and, at the same, the growth and spread of bizarre, vast, complex conspiracies. Although many argue that belief in conspiracies is the mark of a “crippled epistemology” (Sunstein and Vermeule, 2009), I argue that this particular fusion of information access and ignorance is emblematic of what Chun (2015) has described as the combination of individual content creation within a mass medium. It is our incredible access to information, when combined with anonymized mass communications platforms, which has exacerbated networked conspiratorial thinking and given rise to the most complex example of this problematic: QAnon. In this article, I analyze QAnon through the lens of a theoretical frame I call the information dark age, and I argue that QAnon represents a new paranoid permutation, which takes advantage of information technology to spread its shadow across the Internet. The power of the QAnon conspiracy is its protean nature, its ability to grow quickly through crowd-sourced contributions to the overarching theory. Perhaps even more disturbing is that QAnon has weaponized this network in an effort to derail the 2020 presidential election in favor of President Trump and spread misinformation about the COVID-19 pandemic. Without a dramatic evolution in our current media infrastructure, we are facing the increasing spread and worsening effect of this information dark age.
Beck-type companion identities for Franklin's identity via a modular refinement

Abstract The original Beck conjecture, now a theorem due to Andrews, states that the difference in the number of parts in all partitions into odd parts and the number of parts in all strict partitions is equal to the number of partitions whose set of even parts has one element, and also to the number of partitions with exactly one part repeated. This is a companion identity to Euler's identity. The theorem has been generalized by Yang to a companion identity to Glaisher's identity. Franklin generalized Glaisher's identity, and in this article, we provide a Beck-type companion identity for Franklin's identity and prove it via a modular refinement. We provide both analytical and combinatorial proofs. Andrews' and Yang's respective theorems fit naturally into this very general frame. We also give a generalization to Franklin's identity of the second Beck-type companion identity proved by Andrews and Yang in their respective work.
Moving to Green Energy

In recent decades, the world has steadily increased the amount of green energy produced from wind, solar, and hydroelectric sources. However, we still rely heavily on polluting forms of energy like coal, petroleum, and natural gas. While coal use globally peaked in 2013, many countries continued to see increases. Petroleum use continues to grow, although it may be peaking in our current era as green forms of energy increase. Once considered a green fuel, natural gas, or methane, is a problematic greenhouse gas pollutant that is easily released in production and transport. Nuclear energy, which holds great promise due to its lack of greenhouse gas emissions, is problematic due to long-term risks as noted with the Fukushima disaster. Simple, hard and/or expensive, and innovative and/or life-changing approaches to infusing green energy in your life are reviewed.
Securitising Identity: The Case of the Saudi State: BEN RICH, (Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, 2017); 194 pages, $49.99 paperback.

English-language scholarship on the history and politics of Saudi Arabia has proliferated markedly over the past two decades. Although significant gaps in the narrative remain to be filled –– if pe...
Elevated magnetic resonance imaging measures of adipose tissue deposition in women with breast cancer treatment-related lymphedema.

PURPOSE: Breast cancer treatment-related lymphedema (BCRL) is a common co-morbidity of breast cancer therapies, yet factors that contribute to BCRL progression remain incompletely characterized. We investigated whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of subcutaneous adipose tissue were uniquely elevated in women with BCRL. METHODS: MRI at 3.0 T of upper extremity and torso anatomy, fat and muscle tissue composition, and T2 relaxometry were applied in left and right axillae of healthy control (n = 24) and symptomatic BCRL (n = 22) participants to test the primary hypothesis that fat-to-muscle volume fraction is elevated in symptomatic BCRL relative to healthy participants, and the secondary hypothesis that fat-to-muscle volume fraction is correlated with MR relaxometry of affected tissues and BCRL stage (significance criterion: two-sided p < 0.05). RESULTS: Fat-to-muscle volume fraction in healthy participants was symmetric in the right and left sides (p = 0.51); in BCRL participants matched for age, sex, and BMI, fat-to-muscle volume fraction was elevated on the affected side (fraction = 0.732 ± 0.184) versus right and left side in controls (fraction = 0.545 ± 0.221, p < 0.001). Fat-to-muscle volume fraction directly correlated with muscle T2 (p = 0.046) and increased with increasing level of BCRL stage (p = 0.041). CONCLUSION: Adiposity quantified by MRI is elevated in the affected upper extremity of women with BCRL and may provide a surrogate marker of condition onset or severity. CLINICAL TRIAL: NCT02611557.