cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A nonreflecting boundary condition for discrete acoustic and elastic wave equations

I J ~ One of the nagging problems which arises in application of discrete solution methods for wave-propagation calculations is the presence of reflections or wraparound from the boundaries of the numerical mesh. These undesired events eventually over­ ride the actual seismic signals which propagate in the modeled region. The solution to avoiding boundary effects used to be to enlarge the numerical mesh, thus delaying the side reflections and wraparound longer than the range of times involved in the modeling. Obviously this solution considerably increases the expense of computation. More recently, nonreflecting bound­ ary conditions were introduced for the finite-difference method (Clayton and Enquist, 1977: Reynolds, (978). These boundary conditions are based on replacing the wave equation in the boundary region by one-way wave equations which do not permit energy to propagate from the boundaries into the nu­ merical mesh. This approach has been relatively successful, except that its effectiveness degrades for events which impinge on the boundaries at shallow angles. It is also not clear how to apply this type of boundary condition to global discrete meth­ ods such as the Fourier method for which all grid points are coupled. In this note we describe an alternative scheme for construct­ ing a nonreflecting boundary condition. It is based on gradual reduction of the amplitudes in a strip of nodes along the bound­ aries of the mesh. The method appears extremely simple and robust, and it can be applied to a wide variety of time­ dependent problems. Unlike other methods, the effectiveness of this boundary condition does not decrease for shallow angles of incidence.
DEGENERATIVE SPINAL DISEASE IN LARGE FELIDS

Degenerative spinal disorders, including intervertebral disc disease and spondylosis, seldom occur in domestic cats. In contrast, a retrospective study of 13 lions (Panthera leo), 16 tigers (Panthera tigris), 4 leopards (Panthera pardis), 1 snow leopard (Panthera uncia), and 3 jaguars (Panthera onca) from the Knoxville Zoo that died or were euthanatized from 1976 to 1996 indicated that degenerative spinal disease is an important problem in large nondomestic felids. The medical record, radiographic data, and the necropsy report of each animal were examined for evidence of intervertebral disc disease or spondylosis. Eight (three lions, four tigers, and one leopard) animals were diagnosed with degenerative spinal disease. Clinical signs included progressively decreased activity, moderate to severe rear limb muscle atrophy, chronic intermittent rear limb paresis, and ataxia. The age at onset of clinical signs was 10-19 yr (median = 18 yr). Radiographic evaluation of the spinal column was useful in assessing the severity of spinal lesions, and results were correlated with necropsy findings. Lesions were frequently multifocal, included intervertebral disc mineralization or herniation with collapsed intervertebral disc spaces, and were most common in the lumbar area but also involved cervical and thoracic vertebrae. Marked spondylosis was present in the cats with intervertebral disc disease, presumably subsequent to vertebral instability. Six of the animals' spinal cords were examined histologically, and five had acute or chronic damage to the spinal cord secondary to disc protrusion. Spinal disease should be suspected in geriatric large felids with decreased appetite or activity. Radiographic evaluation of the spinal column is the most useful method to assess the type and severity of spinal lesions.
Separation of multi-channel spinal cord recordings using unsupervised adaptive filtering

In anesthetized animals, evoked motor signals descending through the corticospinal tract were recorded from the spinal cord with selectivity using multi-contact surface electrodes. However, the spatial selectivity needs to be improved for this approach to be used as a multi-channel neural interface. In this study, we applied the blind source separation (BBS) technique to improve the separation between the neural channels. The BSS algorithm improved the selectivity from an initial value of less than 1% to 91% although the signal-to-noise ratio of the signals was as low as 0.46 on average.
Processing and Property Relationship of Polypropylene Monofilaments Containing Nanoclay

This study focuses on combining traditional polymeric materials with nanoclays to engineer new composite monofilaments for nontraditional industries using extrusion process. Polypropylene/nanoclay composite monofilaments were produced using single screw extruder, and the structure and properties of new monofilaments were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X- Ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA), differential scanning calorimeter, and Instron universal testing machine. Composite monofilaments were prepared at different weight percentage of nanoclay (1%, 2%, and 3%) and compatabilizer (10%, 15%, and 20%) contents. The results showed that the amount of the nanoclay and compatabilizer affected the formation and final properties of the new monofila- ments. It was observed that tensile stress of composite monofilament decreased compared to pure polypropylene monofilament. Melting temperature and degree of crystallinity were not affected much; however, there was significant increase at decomposition temperature of composite polypropylene monofilaments.
A novel mixed-mode cohesive formulation for crack growth analysis

Abstract Modeling fracture with a cohesive zone model requires an appropriate cohesive law for correlating interfacial tractions and crack face separation, especially in mixed-mode loading scenarios. Various approaches have been employed in order to develop such a law which can be characterized into potential-based and non-potential-based formulations. A critical re-examination of these methods is presented here, followed by a novel mixed-mode formulation which satisfies a physical criterion for crack propagation. Specifically, as the crack propagates, the trailing current crack tip is defined through the vanishing of normal and tangential components of the interfacial tractions simultaneously. A general formulation for mixed-mode conditions is proposed in this paper. In particular, given normal and tangential traction separation laws for pure normal and tangential modes as being material properties, the normal and tangential traction separation laws in mixed-mode loading are formulated so that all traction components disappear at the same effective separation when the crack advances. The new mixed-mode law is used to analyze three standard fracture problems in laminated composites, including double cantilever beam (DCB), end-notch flexure (ENF), and mixed-mode bending (MMB). A comparison with predictions from some selected mixed-mode cohesive laws and experimental data available in the literature is also included to further validate the proposed mixed-mode law.
Genetic and Antigenic Stability of PRRS Virus in Pigs

Unrecognised prior to 1991, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is one of the most economically significant diseases of swine in the world today. A newly emerged arterivirus, PRRS virus causes reproductive losses in adult animals and respiratory disease in pigs of all ages (Collins et al 1992, Wensvoort et al 1991). In acute outbreaks, economic losses from PRRS virus have been estimated to range from $236 to $502 per sow in farrow-to-finish and breeding stock operations (Poison et al 1992). In response to the economic effects of PRRS, various management strategies and vaccination protocols have been tested for controlling PRRS. At present, the definitive solution to the prevention and control of PRRS has not been found.
Low-profile crawling for humanoid motion in tight spaces

While humanoid robots and various associated algorithms for gait control and motion planning have been considered in the prior literature, the possibility of utilizing a low-profile crawling gait to operate in tight spaces (e.g., going under obstacles) has not been considered previously and enables new capabilities of the humanoid robot. In this paper, a new gait for humanoid robots is presented that enables humanoid motion in tight spaces that are vertically constrained. The gait is laterally symmetric and utilizes a cooperative motion of both the hands and feet. The addition of this gait expands the set of environments that can be handled by the humanoid robot. The efficacy of the proposed gait is demonstrated experimentally on a NAO humanoid robot.
GENERAL-PURPOSE GENOTYPES FOR HOST SPECIES UTILIZATION IN A NEMATODE PARASITE OF DROSOPHILA

The nematode Howardula aoronymphium parasitizes several species of mushroom-feeding Drosophila. A survey of isofemale strains of H. aoronymphium and a 25-generation selection experiment revealed that this species does not comprise host races, and that it harbors little heritable variation for adaptation to specific hosts No tradeoffs in performance on the different host species were evident. General-purpose genotypes, which can utilize all host species, characterize H. aoronymphium. An important feature of the natural history of these nematodes-correlated epidemiology across host species-is postulated to be both a cause and a consequence of the evolution of general-purpose genotypes in this species.
Influence of level of dietary protein or energy on effects of ractopamine in finishing swine.

The effect of ractopamine, a beta-adrenergic agonist, on growth, nutrient utilization, and carcass composition was studied in pigs fed either 18% CP, 12% CP, or 18% CP restricted (RES = 67% of ad libitum) diets. The 18 and 12% CP diets provided 3.52 and 3.68 Mcal of DE/kg, respectively. All pigs were fed a low-protein (12% CP) diet during pretreatment growth from 15 to 60 kg. Ractopamine at 20 or 30 ppm (30 ppm for RES pigs) in the diet was fed from 60 kg live BW until slaughter at 105 kg (9 pigs/treatment). No ractopamine treatment effect (P greater than .05) was observed for either daily gain or gain/feed, although gain/feed was improved by 8% in both of the ad libitum groups. Ractopamine treatment resulted (P less than .01) in an overall reduction of carcass lipid by 8%, an increase of carcass protein by 5%, and a 21% improvement in the efficiency of protein utilization; the greatest changes occurred in the pigs fed the 12% CP diet (-17%, +11%, and +32%, respectively). The ad libitum daily feed intake was 15% less for pigs fed the 12% CP diet than for those fed the 18% CP diet (P less than .01), and there was a 10% reduction in intake of both diets with the addition of ractopamine (P less than .05). Both carcass lipid and protein deposition seemed to be closely related to energy intake (P less than .01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Dynamic analysis of resting state fMRI data and its applications

While most resting state connectivity studies assume that resting-state fMRI time series are stationary, there is growing evidence indicating that they are in fact dynamically evolving. This paper describes two pieces of our work related to the resting state dynamics. We assume the resting-state brain to be in quasi-static states with spontaneous switching between them. First, we apply a hidden Markov model to the resting state fMRI data and derive model parameters reflecting the states. With this approach, we identified 9 reproducible states, which resemble resting state networks described in the literature. The second piece of work is the dynamic parcellations of thalamus, leading the state specific parcellations and their merged results, both of which revealed new insights about the thalamic function and connectivity.
Using Chromo-coded light fields for augmented reality

The light field, or plenoptic function, is a mathematical construct that models the location and direction of light to describe the complete visual appearance of a scene. The light field provides a unifying construct to describe cameras and displays. Explicitly manipulating the light field is an approach to changing the world to make it easier to understand. One way to create light fields is with materials like lenticular arrays, whose color appearance can be made to vary by viewing angle. These Chromo-coded light fields use color to create additional geometric cues, making it cheaper, faster and more accurate to measure object pose. For high-end applications like augmented reality, the color-cues make it possible to accurately measure pose of small objects to project digital content. This poster offers demonstrations of a few augmented reality applications made possible by chromo-coded light fields.
60 Years of Practice, Research, and Teaching in Family Psychology and Family Therapy

ABSTRACTRecent theoretical and empirical evidence as well as experimental and practical highlights from 60 years of clinical practice, research, and teaching in family therapy are summarized. This summary contains recent highlights that remain in my memory more vividly than others. I shall start with selected models of Relational Competence Theory (RCT), including variations on the theme of the Deadly Drama Triangle and their workbook applications.
Smartphone applications for chronic pain management: a critical appraisal

Chronic pain is a common condition with significant detrimental physical, psychological, social, and economic impact. The Institute of Medicine estimates that >100 million Americans suffer from chronic pain,1 representing approximately one-third of the entire population of the US.2 Conservative estimates suggest that well over US $500 billion per year is spent in the treatment of these pain conditions, not to mention the lost productivity of these individuals or the burden that their suffering engenders for patients and their families. Despite tremendous efforts, chronic pain continues to be a major societal problem.1
Self-Assembled Materials Made from Functional Recombinant Proteins.

ConspectusProteins are potent molecules that can be used as therapeutics, sensors, and biocatalysts with many advantages over small-molecule counterparts due to the specificity of their activity based on their amino acid sequence and folded three-dimensional structure. However, they also have significant limitations in their stability, localization, and recovery when used in soluble form. These opportunities and challenges have motivated the creation of materials from such functional proteins in order to protect and present them in a way that enhances their function.We have designed functional recombinant fusion proteins capable of self-assembling into materials with unique structures that maintain or improve the functionality of the protein. Fusion of either a functional protein or an assembly domain to a leucine zipper domain makes the materials design strategy modular, based on the high affinity between leucine zippers. The self-assembly domains, including elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) and defined-s...
Secure and Authenticated Message Dissemination in Vehicular ad hoc Networks and an Incentive-Based Architecture for Vehicular Cloud

OF DISSERTATION Secure and Authenticated Message Dissemination in Vehicular ad hoc Networks and an Incentive-based Architecture for Vehicular Cloud Vehicular ad hoc Networks (VANETs) allow vehicles to form a self-organized network. VANETs are likely to be widely deployed in the future, given the interest shown by industry in self-driving cars and satisfying their customers various interests. Problems related to Mobile ad hoc Networks (MANETs) such as routing, security, etc. have been extensively studied. Even though VANETs are special type of MANETs, solutions proposed for MANETs cannot be directly applied to VANETs because all problems related to MANETs have been studied for small networks. Moreover, in MANETs, nodes can move randomly. On the other hand, movement of nodes in VANETs are constrained to roads and the number of nodes in VANETs is large and covers typically large area. The following are the contributions of the thesis. Secure, authenticated, privacy preserving message dissemination in VANETs: When vehicles in VANET observe phenomena such as accidents, icy road condition, etc., they need to disseminate this information to vehicles in appropriate areas so the drivers of those vehicles can take appropriate action. When such messages are disseminated, the authenticity of the vehicles disseminating such messages should be verified while at the same time the anonymity of the vehicles should be preserved. Moreover, to punish the vehicles spreading malicious messages, authorities should be able to trace such messages to their senders when necessary. For this, we present an efficient protocol for the dissemination of authenticated messages. Incentive-based architecture for vehicular cloud: Due to the advantages such as flexibility and availability, interest in cloud computing has gained lot of attention in recent years. Allowing vehicles in VANETs to store the collected information in the cloud would facilitate other vehicles to retrieve this information when they need. In this thesis, we present a secure incentive-based architecture for vehicular cloud. Our architecture allows vehicles to collect and store information in the cloud; it also provides a mechanism for rewarding vehicles that contributing to the cloud. Privacy preserving message dissemination in VANETs: Sometimes, it is sufficient to ensure the anonymity of the vehicles disseminating messages in VANETs. We present a privacy preserving message dissemination protocol for VANETs.
EM reconstruction with multiple time dependences

Cardiac 82Rb PET can have a high initial count rate due to the short halflife of 82Rb. This high count rate can result in an initially high randoms rate and substantial deadtime. With the short halflife, the deadtime and randoms fractions change dramatically over the duration of the scan. Accounting for this time dependence for more accurate reconstruction is the goal of this study. In particular, an expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm was developed to exploit differences between true, scattered, and random events over the time course of the scan and also to exploit differences in time-of-flight (TOF) information. The algorithm can be expressed in terms of modulation functions that impact the expected true, scatter, and random events independently. These functions can also include the effect of deadtime on each contribution. When the modulation functions for the different components are equal, the update formulas revert to the standard EM solutions. The TOF dependence is accounted for as an independent dimension in the likelihood function; the trues follow a Gaussian distribution about the expected mean and the randoms follow a uniform distribution related to the timing-coincidence window. The formulas were tested by simulated list-mode data from a cardiac scan with cold defects. Three data sets were generated: trues-only (ideal data); trues and randoms; and trues and randoms with deadtime modeling. Reconstructions were performed using and not using TOF information.
Gut Microbiome and Colon Cancer: Role of Bacterial Metabolites and Their Molecular Targets in the Host.

The relationship between colonic bacteria and the host is symbiotic, but how communication between the two partners occurs is just beginning to be understood at the molecular level. Here, we highlight specific products of bacterial metabolism that are present in the colonic lumen and their molecular targets in the host that facilitate this communication. Colonic epithelial cells and mucosal immune cells express several cell surface receptors and nuclear receptors that are activated by specific bacterial metabolites, which impact multiple signaling pathways and expression of many genes. In addition, some bacterial metabolites also possess the ability to cause epigenetic changes in these cells via inhibition of selective enzymes involved in the maintenance of histone acetylation and DNA methylation patterns. Colonic bacteria communicate with their host with selective metabolites that interact with host molecular targets. This chemical communication underlies a broad range of the biology and function of colonic epithelial cells and mucosal immune cells, which protect against inflammation and carcinogenesis in the colon under normal physiological conditions.
Impact of a service learning experience on the intercultural sensitivity of nursing students

Service learning (SL) is an educational strategy to develop intercultural sensitivity. Nursing students benefit from the opportunity to care for persons from diverse cultures. Social awareness and making significant social contributions is part of professional nursing. Nursing students are educated to provide culturally sensitive, person-centered care incorporating the values of social justice, diversity, and global awareness. The SL experience was independent from a specific nursing course and exclusive from a designated clinical practicum. This descriptive quantitative study examines the impact of a SL experience in Appalachia on intercultural sensitivity. Intercultural sensitivity is in the affective domain of intercultural communication. Appalachia has distinct cultural differenences related to both geographical and socioeconomic factors. Intercultural sensitivity is in the affective dimension of intercultural communication competence. The Intercultural Sensitivity Scale (ISS), developed by Chen & Starosta, was the instrument used for measurement. Study findings demonstrate an impact on interaction engagement and interaction attentiveness for study participants.
Making sure the blue economy is green

Given the growing and seemingly limitless capacity to industrialize the oceans, there is a need to reimagine how to effectively measure, monitor and sustainably manage this seventy-one per cent of the Earth's surface.
Ictal coughing: Clinical features and differential diagnoses.

Abstract Purpose To describe a series of patients with ictal coughing to estimate its occurrence and characterize the clinical features and differential diagnoses. Methods We retrospectively reviewed all the long-term video-EEG reports from Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center over a 7-year period (2010–2016) for the occurrence of the term “cough” in the text body. All the extracted reports were reviewed and patients with at least one documented ictal coughing at the epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) were included in the study. Results During the study period, 2487 patients were investigated at our EMU. Seven patients (0.28%) had at least one documented seizure accompanied by coughing. Four patients (0.16%) had epilepsy and three patients (0.12%) had psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES). All patients with epilepsy had focal onset epilepsy; ictal coughing was not associated with any particular localization or lateralization. Conclusion We add to the literature on ictal coughing by providing additional information on its differential diagnosis and clinical features. Ictal coughing is a rare finding among patients evaluated at the EMUs. The differential diagnoses for ictal coughing include epilepsy and PNES. Epileptic ictal coughing is a rare semiological finding in patients with epilepsy and when present, it is invariably associated with focal epilepsy.
The Science of Substitution: A Response to Carrier and Minniti

In Biologics: The New Antitrust Frontier, Michael A. Carrier and Carl J. Minniti provide an overview of potential antitrust harms in the newly enacted biologic drug approval and litigation regime, the Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act (“BPCIA”). Importantly, Carrier and Minniti suggest that the scientific complexity of biologic products has the potential to make some litigation conduct that is typically anticompetitive more or less so, given uncertainties surrounding regulatory approval and patent infringement. This response advances Carrier and Minniti’s thesis, suggesting the authors do not take it far enough for their assessments of reverse payment settlements, submarine patenting, and citizen petition abuse. It also makes use of two important court decisions, Sandoz Inc. v. Amgen Inc., 137 S. Ct. 1664 (2017) and Amgen Inc. v. Sanofi, 872 F.3d 1367 (Fed. Cir. 2017) decided after Carrier and Minniti’s article went to press. Regardless of whether Carrier and Minniti’s predictions come to pass, their core insight—that scientific complexity can regulate antitrust harms—provides a key area of future exploration for practitioners, scholars, and policy makers alike.
Concise approach to the syntheses of (±)-gliocladin C and related diketopiperazine alkaloids

Abstract A unique approach to the diketopiperazine indole alkaloid (±)-gliocladin C was developed and applied to formal syntheses of the related alkaloids (±)-gliocladine C and (±)-T988C. The key features of the strategy include an unprecedented nucleophilic addition of a diketopiperazine to an isatin derivative followed by a Friedel-Crafts alkylation of the resultant tertiary alcohol with indole to establish the critical quaternary center. Subsequent reduction of the intermediate oxindole moiety and cyclization then delivered a pivotal hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole diketopiperazine intermediate that was readily converted into (±)-gliocladin C as well as racemic versions of key intermediates in the Overman syntheses of (+)-gliocladine C and (+)-T988C.
Estimation of parameters from time traces originating from an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process

In this article, we develop a Bayesian approach to estimate parameters from time traces that originate from an overdamped Brownian particle in a harmonic potential, or Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process (OU). We show that least-square fitting the autocorrelation function, which is often the standard way of analyzing such data, is significantly underestimating the confidence intervals of the fitted parameters. Here, we develop a rigorous maximum likelihood theory that properly captures the underlying statistics. From the analytic solution, we found that there exists an optimal measurement spacing (Δt=0.7968τ) that maximizes the statistical accuracy of the estimate for the decay-time τ of the process for a fixed number of samples N, which plays a similar role than the Nyquist-Shannon theorem for the OU process. To support our claims, we simulated time series with subsequent application of least-square and our maximum likelihood method. Our results suggest that it is quite dangerous to apply least-squares to autocorrelation functions both in terms of systematic deviations from the true parameter values and an order-of-magnitude underestimation of confidence intervals. To see whether our findings apply to other methods where autocorrelation functions are typically fitted by least-squares, we explored the analysis of membrane fluctuations and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. In both cases, least-square fits exhibit systematic deviations from the true parameter values and significantly underestimate their confidence intervals. This fact emphasizes the need for the development of proper maximum likelihood approaches for such methods. In summary, our results have strong implications for parameter estimation for processes that result in a single exponential decay in the autocorrelation function. Our analysis can directly be applied to single-component dynamic light scattering experiments or optical trap calibration experiments.
Personality disorders in ADHD Part 3: Personality disorder, social adjustment, and their relation to dimensions of adult ADHD.

Background This study explored the relationship between the dimensions of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), personality disorder (PD), and adverse social adjustment. Methods In a controlled trial of osmotic release oral system methylphenidate, PD was assessed using the Wisconsin Personality Disorders Inventory IV (WISPI-IV), the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Personality Disorders (SCID-II), and a final consensus diagnosis. Participants were categorized 2 ways: (1) ADHD alone, ADHD with emotional dysregulation (ADHD + ED), and ADHD plus emotional dysregulation plus oppositional symptoms (ADHD + ED + ODD); and (2) those with no PD (PD-negative), 1 (PD-positive), and 2 or more (PD-plus) PDs. Results None of the ADHD-alone patients had a PD compared with 33% of ADHD + ED patients and 68% of ADHD + ED + ODD patients. The level of ADHD-related emotional and oppositional symptoms correlated significantly with the severity of PD dimensions as assessed by WISPI-IV z scores and the number of items endorsed on the SCID-II screening questionnaire. Complex presentations (define by both ADHD and personality categories) were associated with high childhood ADHD ratings and problems in work, extended family, and economic functioning. Conclusion The ADHD symptoms of emotional dysregulation and oppositional symptoms were associated with increased Axis II disorders. Adverse outcomes were concentrated in patients with ADHD combined with emotional and oppositional symptoms, and in those with comorbid PDs.
Resonance and Stochastic Layer in a Parametrically Excited Pendulum

The (2M:1)-librational and (M:1)-rotational resonances are discovered in the stochastic layer of a parametrically excited pendulum. The analytical conditions for the onset of a resonance in the stochastic layer are derived. Numerical predictions of the appearance of resonance in thestochastic layer are also completed. Illustrations of the stochasticlayer in the parametrically excited pendulums are given through thePoincare mapping sections. This methodology can be used for resonantlayers in nonlinear Hamiltonian systems. However, the analyticalapproaches need to be improved for the better predictions of theresonant characteristics in the stochastic layer.
Implementation of a Laboratory Information System in a Simulated Laboratory

Electronic health records are the principal method of storing patient health data. Laboratory Information Systems (LIS), a portion of the EHR, are the main avenue for laboratory staff to store data and provide laboratory results to health care providers. This paper examines the implementation of an LIS in an institution where simulated laboratories are the core of Medical Laboratory Science (MLS) education. The LIS was introduced in a simulated laboratory course taught to 18 students in the 3rd year of a 4-year program. After 10 weeks, students were given a questionnaire rating the software9s ease of use. Students rated the software as fairly easy (38.9%), easy (50%) and very easy (11.1%). Dislikes included manually inputting results, slow software navigation, and the use of older laptop computers. The ease of patient identification through generating labels, and the absence of paper reports were expressed as positive aspects. Ordering tests, adding tests, editing results, and printing extra labels were listed as areas where students desired more practice. Overall, students welcomed exposure to the software with an 88.9% responding its use better simulated a laboratory environment. Based on student feedback, modifications were made with subsequent groups. Wireless Internet was switched to a wired connection. The purchase of an interface minimized data entry. The LIS was implemented in lower division MLS courses to maximize exposure. Future considerations involve the purchase of more interfaces, continued faculty training, and using the LIS as a tool for case study analysis. ABBREVIATIONS:MLS- Medical Laboratory Science, ACA- Affordable Care Act, LIS-Laboratory Information System, EHR-Electronic Health Record, EMR-Electronic Medical Record
Statistical QoS Provisioning for Energy Harvesting Based 5G Mobile Wireless Networks using Finite Blocklength Coding

To support delay-bounded multimedia services over 5G mobile wireless networks, the statistical quality-of-service (QoS) technique has been designed to jointly guarantee statistically delay-bounded video transmissions over different time-varying wireless channels, simultaneously. On the other hand, energy harvesting (EH) wireless channels&#x002F;networks have received a great deal of research attention recently to address the issue of terminals that need to refresh their energy supplies remotely. An EH device is considered as a rechargeable battery which stores the incoming energy from various external sources. As one of the 5G promising technologies, the study of EH systems has brought many new challenges, such as how to characterize the wireless channels for EH systems using finite blocklength coding (FBC). In addition, given blocklength n, error probability &#x220A;, and &#x220A;-effective capacity in the finite blocklength regime, the achievable data transmission rate under statistical delay-bounded and error-rate bounded QoS requirements for EH based systems still remains as a challenging and open problem. To overcome the aforementioned problems, we propose FBC based cross-layer design for EH systems in supporting statistical delay-bounded and error-rate bounded QoS requirements over 5G mobile wireless networks. In particular, we establish and analyze FBC based EH system models. Given statistical delay-bounded and error-rate bounded QoS constraints, we derive an approximate lower bound on the data transmission rate in terms of the effective capacity for our proposed EH system in the finite blocklength regime. Also conducted is a set of simulations that validate and evaluate our proposed FBC based EH system under statistical delay-bounded and error-rate bounded QoS constraints.
Blocking NRSF Function Rescues Spatial Memory Impaired by Early-Life Adversity and Reveals Unexpected Underlying Transcriptional Programs

Adverse early-life experiences are associated with lifelong cognitive deficits and risk of memory loss and dementia, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here we imposed early-life adversity by rearing rat pups in simulated poverty, assessed hippocampus-dependent memory in adulthood, and probed enduring changes in gene expression and the underlying transcriptional processes. Adversity-experiencing rats had poor spatial memory, associated with ~130 differentially expressed genes in dorsal hippocampus. Using bioinformatics, we identified the glucocorticoid receptor and, unexpectedly, the neuron-specific developmental transcription factor neuron-restrictive silencer factor (NRSF/REST) as putative upstream factors. To examine the role of the latter in adversity-induced memory problems, we blocked the binding of NRSF to the chromatin immediately following the adversity period. Transient interference with the function of NRSF rescued spatial memory in the exposed rats, without influencing non-hippocampus-dependent emotional functions. These findings establish a novel, surprising mechanism by which early-life adversity initiates long-lasting hippocampus-dependent memory deficits via enduring epigenetic programming mediated by NRSF.
Measurable versions of the Lovász Local Lemma and measurable graph colorings

Abstract In this paper we investigate the extent to which the Lovasz Local Lemma (an important tool in probabilistic combinatorics) can be adapted for the measurable setting. In most applications, the Lovasz Local Lemma is used to produce a function f : X → Y with certain properties, where X is some underlying combinatorial structure and Y is a (typically finite) set. Can this function f be chosen to be Borel or μ -measurable for some probability Borel measure μ on X (assuming that X is a standard Borel space)? In the positive direction, we prove that if the set of constraints put on f is, in a certain sense, “locally finite,” then there is always a Borel choice for f that is “ e -close” to satisfying these constraints, for any e > 0 . Moreover, if the combinatorial structure on X is “induced” by the [ 0 ; 1 ] -shift action of a countable group Γ, then, even without any local finiteness assumptions, there is a Borel choice for f which satisfies the constraints on an invariant conull set (i.e., with e = 0 ). A direct corollary of our results is an upper bound on the measurable chromatic number of the graph G n generated by the shift action of the free group F n that is asymptotically tight up to a factor of at most 2 (which answers a question of Lyons and Nazarov). On the other hand, our result for structures induced by measure-preserving group actions is, at least for amenable groups, sharp in the following sense: a probability measure-preserving action of a countably infinite amenable group satisfies the measurable version of the Lovasz Local Lemma if and only if it admits a factor map to the [ 0 ; 1 ] -shift action. To prove this, we combine the tools of the Ornstein–Weiss theory of entropy for actions of amenable groups with concepts from computability theory, specifically, Kolmogorov complexity.
Preparing Teachers to Notice Race in Classrooms: Contextualizing the Competencies of Preservice Teachers With Antiracist Inclinations:

Race-focused teacher education has centered on changing preservice teachers’ racial beliefs and attitudes. In this article, we build on this work by exploring how preservice teachers identify and a...
General anesthetics activate a potent central pain-suppression circuit in the amygdala

General anesthesia (GA) can produce analgesia (loss of pain) independent of inducing loss of consciousness, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that GA suppresses pain in part by activating supraspinal analgesic circuits. We discovered a distinct population of GABAergic neurons activated by GA in the mouse central amygdala (CeAGA neurons). In vivo calcium imaging revealed that different GA drugs activate a shared ensemble of CeAGA neurons. CeAGA neurons also possess basal activity that mostly reflects animals' internal state rather than external stimuli. Optogenetic activation of CeAGA potently suppressed both pain-elicited reflexive and self-recuperating behaviors across sensory modalities and abolished neuropathic pain-induced mechanical (hyper-)sensitivity. Conversely, inhibition of CeAGA activity exacerbated pain, produced strong aversion and canceled the analgesic effect of low-dose ketamine. CeAGA neurons have widespread inhibitory projections to many affective pain-processing centers. Our study points to CeAGA as a potential powerful therapeutic target for alleviating chronic pain.
Synthesizing Pose Sequences from 3D Assets for Vision-Based Activity Analysis

AbstractIn recent years, computer vision algorithms have shown to effectively leverage visual data from jobsites for video-based activity analysis of construction equipment. However, earthmoving op...
One-dimensional Chern–Simons theory and the $\hat{A}$ genus

We construct a Chern‐Simons gauge theory for dg Lie and L‐infinity algebras on any one-dimensional manifold and quantize this theory using the Batalin‐Vilkovisky formalism and Costello’s renormalization techniques. Koszul duality and derived geometry allow us to encode topological quantum mechanics, a nonlinear sigma model of maps from a 1‐manifold into a cotangent bundle T X , as such a Chern‐ Simons theory. Our main result is that the effective action of this theory is naturally identified with the y A class of X . From the perspective of derived geometry, our quantization constructs a projective volume form on the derived loop space LX that can be identified with the y A class. 57R56; 18G55, 58J20
A Gaussian process model of human electrocorticographic data

We present a model-based method for inferring full-brain neural activity at millimeter-scale spatial resolutions and millisecond-scale temporal resolutions using standard human intracranial recordings. Our approach assumes that different people9s brains exhibit similar correlational structure, and that activity and correlation patterns vary smoothly over space. One can then ask, for an arbitrary individual9s brain: given recordings from a limited set of locations in that individual9s brain, along with the observed spatial correlations learned from other people9s recordings, how much can be inferred about ongoing activity at other locations throughout that individual9s brain? We show that our approach generalizes across people and tasks, thereby providing a person- and task-general means of inferring high spatiotemporal resolution full-brain neural dynamics from standard low-density intracranial recordings.
Correction to: The Integrated Review: FDA Modernizes the Review of New Drug Marketing Applications.

In the original article some information was omitted from the author affiliations. The affiliations are correct here.
A Case of Alveolar Capillary Dysplasia with Misalignment of the Pulmonary Veins (ACD/MPV): The Importance of Early Genetic Testing:

Alveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of the pulmonary veins (ACD/MPV) is a rare, lethal condition caused by irregular pulmonary vascular maturation. Almost all cases present in the newbor...
Extracting Effective Complex Permittivity Parameters of a Metamaterial-Lined Rectangular Waveguide for Metamaterial-Enhanced Resistive Wallamplifiers

Conventional resistive wall amplifiers using naturally occurring dielectric materials provide wide bandwidth but weak gain 1. We have shown that theory and simulations predict that metamaterial-enhanced resistive wall amplifiers (MERWAs) are candidates for wideband, high gain, and high power microwave amplification2, Implementation of a MERWA requires the use of an epsilon-negative (ENG) liner in a waveguide structure. We have designed proof-of-concept experiments to test the theoretical predictions. This talk will describe recent results of experimental measurements and data analysis to extract and characterize the effective complex permittivity parameters of a metamaterial liner in a rectangular waveguide. The results include examination of the effects of the liner's material composition, its lossiness and its unit cell structural features.
Digital‐To‐Analog Conversion

The sections in this article are 1 Fundamentals of D/A Conversion 2 DAC Architectures 3 DAC Conversion Accuracy 4 High-Resolution Techniques 5 Interpolative Oversampling Technique 6 DAC Applications
Assessing the impact of training sample selection on accuracy of an urban classification: a case study in Denver, Colorado

Understanding the factors that influence the performance of classifications over urban areas is of considerable importance to applications of remote-sensing-derived products in urban design and planning. We examined the impact of training sample selection on a binary classification of urban and nonurban for the Denver, Colorado, metropolitan area. Complete coverage reference data for urban and nonurban cover were available for the year 1997, which allowed us to examine variability in accuracy of the classification over multiple repetitions of the training sample selection and classification process. Four sampling designs for selecting training data were evaluated. These designs represented two options for stratification (spatial and class-specific) and two options for sample allocation (proportional to area and equal allocation). The binary urban and nonurban classification was obtained by employing a decision tree classifier with Landsat imagery. The decision tree classifier was applied to 1000 training ...
Decomposition of Poly-β-Hydroxybutyrate by Pseudomonads

Delafield, F. P. (University of California, Berkeley), M. Doudoroff, N. J. Palleroni, C. J. Lusty, and R. Contopoulos. Decomposition of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate by pseudomonads. J. Bacteriol. 90:1455-1466. 1965.-A number of aerobic pseudomonads capable of using poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate as sole source of carbon have been partially characterized. One was selected for special study and described as a new species, Pseudomonas lemoignei Delafield. This bacterium constitutively produces extracellular digestive enzymes that hydrolyze the polymer to a mixture of d-beta-hydroxybutyrate and the dimeric ester of this acid, as well as an intracellular "dimer hydrolase" which hydrolyzes the dimeric ester. The exoenzymes are excreted during growth, but mainly at its cessation. Metabolism of beta-hydroxybutyrate largely suppresses enzyme excretion and causes a disappearance of excreted enzyme.
Cell-based assays using calcein acetoxymethyl ester show variation in fluorescence with treatment conditions

The use of fluorogenic compounds in cell and molecular biology has increased in both frequency and range of applications. However, such compounds may introduce artifacts in intracellular fluorescence and cell number estimations as a consequence of interaction with exogenous stimulants, necessitating the use of adequate controls for accurate measurements and valid conclusions. Using calcein acetoxymethyl ester (AM) in combination with various exogenous cellular treatments, we report that the standard practice of direct normalization of experimental values to controls is insufficient for fluorogenic measurements. Treatments applied to cells may influence intracellular conversion of the fluorogenic compound, thereby enhancing or decreasing fluorescence relative to controls. We hereby encourage caution and recommend normalization of cellular fluorescence within each treatment group before comparison to controls.
Intravenous bisphosphonates for post-menopausal osteoporosis: adherence to a network guideline.

Summary What is known and Objective: An evidence-based guideline on the use of intravenous (i.v.) bisphosphonates in post-menopausal osteoporosis was developed across a healthcare system and approved by clinical experts and Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committees. The objective of the study was to evaluate adherence to the guideline at hospitals in the healthcare system. Methods: Post-menopausal women who received i.v. zoledronic acid or i.v. ibandronate for osteoporosis between September 2007 and October 2008 were identified through a data repository that provides patient-level longitudinal information on diagnoses, medications and laboratory tests. Manual review of electronic medical records supplemented the data capture. The guideline recommends use of i.v. bisphosphonates in patients: (i) who have had a recent vertebral or hip fracture; (ii) who cannot stand or sit upright for 30–60 min; (iii) who have oesophageal dysmotility or varices; (iv) who have documented adherence issues or, (v) who failed to tolerate oral bisphosphonates after 12 months. In addition, specific monitoring tests are recommended prior to administration. Results and Discussion: Among the 220 women that received an i.v. bisphosphonate (hospitals A/B: n = 92 vs. hospital C: n = 128), 72% met the criteria for use. The results were similar when examined by institution (hospitals A/B 66% vs. hospital C 77%; P = 0·094). On review of the electronic medical records, an additional reason for using i.v. bisphosphonates was identified: persistent bone loss despite oral bisphosphonate therapy. When this criterion for use was included, the adherence rate increased to 80% (hospitals A/B 72% vs. hospital C 86%; P = 0·009). Serum calcium and 25-OH vitamin D were performed in 75% (hospitals A/B 77% vs. hospital C 73%; P = 0·53), and 86% (hospitals A/B 84% vs. hospital C 87%; P = 0·53) of patients respectively. What is new and Conclusion: Adherence to an i.v. bisphosphonates evidence-based guideline was adequate (defined as at least 80%) although room for improvement in meeting the criteria for use at one hospital and for conducting baseline serum calcium levels was noted. A future project is warranted to re-assesses adherence after the measures to improve guideline adherence are implemented.
Cerebrospinal fluid homovanillic acid and hypokinetic side effects of neuroleptics

Eleven psychotic patients treated with neuroleptics for 1 month showed a relatively poor response, more side effects, and a no-tolerance pattern with respect to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) homovanillic acid (HVA). Within this group the severity of neuroleptic catatonia and Parkinsonian side effects was positively associated with an increase in CSF HVA turnover during the treatment period.