cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A molecular layer “fabric” with orthogonally woven coordination polymer chains

Abstract Crystals of [Cu(ox)(dpa)(H2O)]n (1, ox = oxalate, dpa = 4,4′-dipyridylamine) were prepared by hydrothermal reaction of potassium copper oxalate and dpa. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction showed the formation of orthogonally oriented sets of 1D [Cu(ox)(dpa)(H2O)]n chains that interlock in a 1D + 1D ➔ 2D manner to form woven “warp-and-woof” supramolecular layers. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the structure of 1 remained stable to about 175 °C.
Like Mother, Like Child: Offspring Marital Timing Desires and Maternal Marriage Timing and Stability.

Understanding the determinants of marital timing is critical because it has implications for marital functioning and divorce. One salient predictor of marital timing is youth's desires for marriage timing. To shine light on predictors of both desires for marital timing and the timing of marriage itself, we examine offspring marital desires and maternal marriage characteristics in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1979 (NLSY79) cohort and 1979 Child and Young Adult cohort (NLSY79-CYA; biological offspring of the women in the 1979 cohort). Analyses showed that maternal cohabitation postdivorce predicted decreased expectations to ever marry in offspring. Maternal age at marriage was positively associated with offspring desires for age at marriage, but only for those whose mothers had not divorced. Maternal marital age was significantly associated with the offspring's transition into marriage even when controlling for the offspring's desires for marriage timing, but neither maternal marriage age nor offspring desires for marital timing were associated with the timing of entrance into cohabitation, whereas maternal divorce was associated with earlier cohabitation. Our findings suggest that maternal marriage characteristics, particularly divorce, are significant predictors of millennials' desires for and experiences with romantic relationships. (PsycINFO Database Record
STEM Education: Inferring Promising Systems Changes from Experiences with MIT BLOSSOMS

In response to numerous stimuli, educational systems are changing worldwide. The stimuli include the globalization of learning made possible by the Internet and new computer technologies, and they include demands for new types of learning necessitated by the growth of knowledge-intensive jobs in today's economies. The authors, building on 8 years of STEM education practical experience with 10 countries, reflect on their practice with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology BLOSSOMS programme. The intent is twofold: (i) to describe the BLOSSOMS programme, which provides freely available interactive STEM video lessons for high school classes worldwide and (ii) to extrapolate from these experiences certain systems problems within traditional STEM education at the secondary school level and to offer recommendations for change. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Approach to rhinitis.

SUMMARY Rhinitis is a common affliction of humans that can cause significant morbidity. Distinction between allergic and nonallergic varieties has important prognostic and therapeutic implications. Newer, nonsedating antihistamines and intranasal steroid preparations have greatly enhanced the treatment of these disorders. Distinguishing factors of viral and bacterial rhinitis have been reviewed. Early recognition of nasal cellulitis and mucormycosis with aggressive therapy is necessary to prevent serious complications. Multiple processes, including structural and drug-induced reactions, can mimic rhinitis. An orderly approach, including a good history and physical examination, coupled with use of the nasal smear, will allow the emergency physician to master this frequent complaint.
Emergent Surgical Management of Ventral Hernias

The emergency care of ventral hernias is complex. The key to improved morbidity and mortality is operating on these patients prior to progressing to strangulation. The type of operation depends on many factors, including location of the hernia, patient’s physiology, imaging findings, and prior repairs with or without mesh. The operations can be open, laparoscopic, or a combination of both. The use of laparoscopy has a significant role in assessing bowel viability and repair. Dealing with large ventral hernias in a damage control surgery should focus on sepsis source control and abdominal closure. In these patients, definitive and complex abdominal wall closures with non-biologic prosthesis should be avoided. The goal is survival and planning a formal abdominal wall construction in the future with a non-biologic prosthesis. This chapter will review these topics.
Reproductive and hormonal factors in relation to survival and platinum resistance among ovarian cancer cases

Ovarian cancer survival is poor, particularly for platinum-resistant cases. The previous literature on pre-diagnostic reproductive factors and ovarian cancer survival has been mixed. Therefore, we evaluated pre-diagnostic reproductive and hormonal factors with overall survival and, additionally, platinum-chemotherapy resistance. We followed 1649 invasive epithelial ovarian cancer cases who were enrolled between 1992 and 2008 for overall mortality within the New England Case-Control Study and abstracted chemotherapy data on a subset (n=449). We assessed pre-diagnostic reproductive and hormonal factors during in-person interviews. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) using Cox-proportional hazards models. We observed 911 all-cause deaths among 1649 ovarian cancer cases. Self-reported endometriosis and longer duration of hormone therapy use were associated with improved survival (HR: 0.72; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.54–0.94 and HR, ⩾5 years vs never: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.55–0.90, respectively). Older age at menopause and menarche were associated with worse survival (HR, ⩽50 vs >50 years: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.03–1.46 and HR, 13 vs <13 years: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.06–1.44, respectively). We observed no association between oral contraceptive use, parity and tubal ligation, and overall survival. No significant associations were observed for any of the reproductive and hormonal factors and platinum resistance. These results suggest that pre-diagnostic exposures such as endometriosis and HT use may influence overall survival among ovarian cancer patients.
Singlet oxygen explicit dosimetry to predict local tumor control for HPPH-mediated photodynamic therapy

This preclinical study examines four dosimetric quantities (light fluence, photosensitizer photobleaching ratio, PDT dose, and reacted singlet oxygen ([1O2]rx)) to predict local control rate (LCR) for 2-(1-Hexyloxyethyl)-2-devinyl pyropheophorbide (HPPH)-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT). Mice bearing radiation-induced fibrosarcoma (RIF) tumors were treated with different in-air fluences (135, 250 and 350 J/cm2) and in-air fluence rates (50, 75 and 150 mW/cm2) at 0.25 mg/kg HPPH and a drug-light interval of 24 hours using a 1 cm diameter collimated laser beam at 665 nm wavelength. A macroscopic model was used to calculate ([1O2]rx)) based on in vivo explicit dosimetry of the initial tissue oxygenation, photosensitizer concentration, and tissue optical properties. PDT dose was defined as a temporal integral of drug concentration and fluence rate (φ) at a 3 mm tumor depth. Light fluence rate was calculated throughout the treatment volume based on Monte-Carlo simulation and measured tissue optical properties. The tumor volume of each mouse was tracked for 30 days after PDT and Kaplan-Meier analyses for LCR were performed based on a tumor volume ≤100 mm3, for four dose metrics: fluence, HPPH photobleaching rate, PDT dose, and ([1O2]rx)). The results of this study showed that ([1O2]rx)) is the best dosimetric quantity that can predict tumor response and correlate with LCR.
Characterization of colloidal structures during intestinal lipolysis using small-angle neutron scattering

Abstract Hypothesis Bile micelles are thought to mediate intestinal absorption, in part by providing a phase into which compounds can partition. Solubilizing capacity of bile micelles is enhanced during the digestion of fat rich food. We hypothesized that the intestinal digestion of triglycerides causes an increase in volume of micelles that can be quantitatively monitored over the course of digestion using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), and that SANS can enable evaluation of the contribution of each of the components present during digestion to the size of micelles. Experiments SANS was used to characterize the size and shape of micelles present prior to and during the in vitro simulated intestinal digestion of a model food-associated lipid, triolein. Findings Pre-lipolysis mixtures of a bile salt and phospholipid simulating bile concentrations in fed conditions were organized in micelles with an average volume of 40 nm 3 . During lipolysis, the micelle volume increased 2.5-fold over a 2-h digestion period due to growth in one direction as a result of insertion of monoglycerides and fatty acids. These efforts represent a basis for quantitative mechanistic understanding of changes in solubilizing capacity of the intestinal milieu upon ingestion of a fat-rich meal.
Three Stages of Awareness (Awake, Sedation, Induction) during EEG and VEPS Recordings (P02.243)

OBJECTIVE: Record and reproduce VEPs in three levels of awareness and to record the changes in EEG activity in three levels of awareness. BACKGROUND: We tested VEPs and EEGs during spine surgeries. We took it one more level and tested our surgical patients prior to induction. We tested our patients in the three levels of awareness (awake, sedated, and induction). DESIGN/METHODS: The 50 subjects tested underwent spine surgery. The patients are a mix of females and males, age 25-90 years of age. The VEPS and EEG activity was collected with electrodes applied with conduction paste. The electrodes are placed according to the 10/20 International System. LED Goggles are placed over the patients eyes for the VEPs. The EEG activity recorded is Alpha frequency in the awake state, Theta and some Alpha frequency in the sedated state, and Delta and or burst suppression in the induction state. The VEP data seen in the awake state is a large response with a latency of 90 to 125 msec. During the sedated state the VEP response drops in amplitude and increases in latency. During the induction state the VEP response disappears with poor morphology. RESULTS: Changes in EEG frequencies seen with different levels of awareness. The VEPs changed in amplitude, latency, and morphology with different levels of awareness. The VEPS responses had a change in slope from the awake state to the sedated state, to an absent response in the induction state. CONCLUSIONS: EEG and VEP studies can be recorded and reproduced at different levels of awareness. With the increased concern for patient safety, these studies are an additional way to provide reassuarance to the anesthesiologist and surgeon of additional protection and deep levels of sedation. Disclosure: Dr. McKinley has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bernstein has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bravo has received personal compensation for activities with WSET as a speaker.
Innovative Approaches to Increase the Success of the Haploidentical SCT

Overcoming the HLA histoincompatibility barrier in HLA-haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HaploSCT) has traditionally required intensified immune suppression using ex vivo T cell depletion, post-transplantation cyclophosphamide or other methods. However, forceful immune suppression leads to increased opportunistic infections and disease relapses. Preserving the “good” immune cells while eliminating the “bad” ones is particularly important for patients undergoing HaploSCT and has been the primary area of research recently. Various strategies have been developed and are being studied including: Selective T cell depletion methods (αβ T cell depletion, CD45RA depletion), T cells with safety switches, and antigen-specific T cell addback (T cells with chimeric antigen receptors [CAR]). In future, we may see personalized grafts – with individualized mixes of NK cells, γδ T cells, memory T cells, and T cells engineered to express both CARs and suicide genes – further improve the long-term results after HaploSCT.
Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury After Cervical Interlaminar Epidural Steroid Injections

Epidural steroid injections are widely used as a medical intervention for the treatment of radicular pain from disc herniation. Iatrogenic spinal cord injuries after epidural steroid injections are rare, but catastrophic and devastating events have been reported in the literature. Clinical precautions should be implemented to identify individuals who are at high risk for neurologic injury, and measures should be taken to improve patient safety.
Freeze thaw and deicer salt scaling resistance of concrete prepared with alkali aluminosilicate cement

Abstract Concrete materials were prepared with a cement based primarily on the alkali aluminosilicate chemistry. Two aspects of concrete performance were emphasized and compared against those of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete: freeze-thaw durability, and deicer salt scaling resistance. Test results indicated that the concrete prepared with the alkali aluminosilicate cement (AAC) produced excellent freeze-thaw durability; its dicer salt scaling resistance, however, was lower than that provided by the OPC concrete. Efforts were made to improve the deicer salt scaling resistance of the AAC concrete through refinement of the AAC composition. The use of an air-entraining agent was found to enhance the deicer salt scaling resistance of the AAC concrete. Modification of the AAC chemistry with polyethylene glycol, tartaric acid, or a combination of sodium benzoate and triisopropanolamine was found to also improve the AAC concrete resistance to deicer salt scaling with minimal effect on compressive strength.
Have dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors ameliorated the vascular complications of type 2 diabetes in large-scale trials? The potential confounding effect of stem-cell chemokines.

Drugs that inhibit dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) are conventionally regarded as incretin-based agents that signal through the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor. However, inhibition of DPP-4 also potentiates the stem cell chemokine, stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), which can promote inflammation, proliferative responses and neovascularization. In large-scale cardiovascular outcome trials, enhanced GLP-1 signaling has reduced the risk of atherosclerotic ischemic events, potentially because GLP-1 retards the growth and increases the stability of atherosclerotic plaques. However, DPP-4 inhibitors have not reduced the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, possibly because potentiation of SDF-1 enhances plaque growth and instability, activates deleterious neurohormonal mechanisms, and promotes cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. Similarly, trials with GLP-1 agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors have reported favorable effects on renal function, even after only 3–4 years of treatment. In contrast, no benefits on the rate of decline in glomerular filtration rate have been seen in trials of DPP-4 inhibitors, perhaps because the renal actions of DPP-4 inhibitors are primarily mediated by potentiation of SDF-1, not GLP-1. Experimentally, SDF-1 can promote podocyte injury and glomerulosclerosis. Furthermore, the natriuretic action of SDF-1 occurs primarily in the distal tubules, where it cannot utilize tubuloglomerular feedback to modulate the deleterious effects of glomerular hyperfiltration. Potentiation of SDF-1 in experimental models may also exacerbate both retinopathy and neuropathy. Therefore, although DPP-4 inhibitors have attractive clinical features, the benefits that might be expected from GLP-1 signaling may be undermined by their actions to enhance SDF-1.
Amplification of incoherent and coherently coupled higher order modes in a HO:YAG single crystal fiber

The simultaneous excitation and amplification of two higher order modes (HOMs) are demonstrated in a Ho:YAG single crystal fiber (SCF) amplifier for both incoherent and coherent mode combing.
Ties to the Outside: An Exploration of Faculty Interactions with External Organizations.

Faculty work now includes market-like behaviors that create research, teaching, and service opportunities. This study employs an embedded case study design to evaluate the extent to which faculty members interact with external organizations to mitigate financial constraints and how those relationships vary by academic discipline. The findings show a similar number of ties among faculty members in high- and low-resource disciplines, reciprocity between faculty members and external organizations, and an expanded conceptualization of faculty work.
Induction of sperm hypermotility through membrane progestin receptor alpha (mPRα): A teleost model of rapid, multifaceted, nongenomic progestin signaling.

Abstract Rapid progestin effects on sperm physiology have been described in a variety of vertebrate species. Here, we briefly review the signaling pathways mediating rapid progestin induction of sperm hypermotility and increased fertility in two teleost species, Atlantic croaker and southern flounder. Acute in vitro treatment of teleost sperm with the progestin hormone, 20β-S, causes activation of progestin membrane receptor alpha (mPRα, or Paqr7) coupled to a stimulatory olfactory G protein (Golf), resulting in increased cAMP and calcium concentrations and hypermotility upon activation in a hyperosmotic medium. Pharmacological tools were used to investigate the involvement of mPRα and several intracellular signaling pathways in the hypermotility response. Evidence was obtained using the specific mPRα agonist, Org OD 02-0, that this progestin action is mediated through mPRα and not through the nuclear PR. The results indicate that progestins induce hypermotility through activation of a membrane adenylyl cyclase (Acy)/cAMP pathway, an epidermal growth factor receptor (Egfr)/Mapkinase pathway, and a Pi3kinase/Akt/phosphodiesterase (Pde) pathway which result in increased sperm calcium concentrations within 10 s. The finding that inhibition of any one of these pathways is sufficient to prevent hypermotility along with the calcium increase suggests that activation of all of them and the associated calcium increase are required for the progestin hypermotility response. On the basis of these findings a model of progestin induction of sperm hypermotility in teleosts is proposed. As teleosts lack CatSper, the model described here is a non-CatSper mediated one and may therefore be applicable to a wide variety of nonmammalian vertebrates.
Mit einer Lackschicht weniger zum Ziel

Die fullerlose Lackierung ist in der globalen Autoindustrie auf dem Vormarsch. Der nachste Meilenstein ist das Premium-Segment. Dazu mussen hohere Qualitatsanspruche erfullt werden. Die Versuchsergebnisse, die im folgende Beitrag beschrieben werden, machen deutlich, was bei der Optimierung des fullerlosen Prozesses zu beachten ist.
The Impact of Social Movements on Taiwan's Democracy

This article discusses and critiques the four articles that comprise this volume on Taiwan’s social movement and democratization. I argue that the four articles suggest that while Taiwan’s social movements have made a clear impact on Taiwan’s democratization, they remain challenged by the neo-liberal orientation of elected governments, in both KMT and DPP forms. The article provides brief comparison to East Asian NICs and Western experiences with social movements. A strength of the articles is their attention to the complex ways social movements and democratization have impacted each other for the past two decades, with attention to unintended consequences. It concludes with some thoughts on the implications of how nationalism and globalization will continue to shape the potential of social movements in Taiwan.
Is Consumption Too Smooth

For thirty years, it has been accepted that consumption is smooth because permanent income is smoother than measured income. This paper considers the evidence for the contrary position, that permanent income is in fact less smooth than measured income, so that the smoothness of consumption cannot be straightforwardly explained by permanent income theory. Quarterly first differences of labor income in the United States are well described by an AR(1) with a positive autoregressive parameter. Innovations to such a process are "more than permanent;" there is no deterministic trend to which the series must eventually return, and good or bad fortune in one period can be expected to be at least partially repeated in the next. Changes to permanent income should therefore be greater than the innovations to measured income, and changes in consumption should be more variable than innovations to measured income. In fact, changes in consumption are much less variable than are income innovations. We consider two possible explanations for this paradox, first, that innovations to labor income are in reality much less persistent than appears from an AR(l), and second, that consumers have more information than do econometricians, so that only a fraction of the estimated innovations are actually unexpected by consumers. The univariate time series results are less than decisive, but the balance of the evidence, whether from fitting ARMA models or from examining the spectral density, is more favorable to the view that innovations are persistent than to the opposite view, that there is slow reversion to trend. The information question is taken up within a bivariate model of income and savings that can accommodate the feedback from saving to income that is predicted by the permanent income theory if consumers have superior information. Nevertheless, our results are the same; changes in consumption are typically smaller than those warranted by the change in permanent income. We show that our finding of "excess smoothness" is consistent with the earlier findings of "excess sensitivity" of consumption to income. Our analysis is conducted within a "logarithmic" version of the permanent income hypothesis, a formulation that recognizes that rates of growth of income and saving ratios have greater claim to stationarity than do changes in income and saving flows.
Review of We Dream Together; Dominican Independence, Haiti and the Fight for Caribbean Freedom

We Dream Together; Dominican Independence, Haiti and the Fight for Caribbean Freedom , by Anne Eller. Duke University Press, 2017
Evaluating the factors responsible for post-fire water quality response in forests of the western USA

Wildfires commonly increase nutrient, carbon, sediment and metal inputs to streams, yet the factors responsible for the type, magnitude and duration of water quality effects are poorly understood. Prior work by the current authors found increased nitrogen, phosphorus and cation exports were common the first 5 post-fire years from a synthesis of 159 wildfires across the western United States. In the current study, an analysis is undertaken to determine factors that best explain post-fire streamwater responses observed in those watersheds. Increased post-fire total nitrogen and phosphorus loading were proportional to the catchment extent of moderate and high burn severity. While post-fire dissolved metal concentrations were correlated with pre-fire soil organic matter. Total metal concentration increased where post-fire Normalised Difference Vegetation Index, a remote sensing indicator of live green vegetation, was low. When pre-fire soil field capacity exceeded 17%, there was a 750% median increase in total metals export to streams. Overall, the current analysis identified burn severity, post-fire vegetation cover and several soil properties as the key variables explaining extended post-fire water quality response across a broad range of conditions found in the western US.
Aristotelian Explanation and Homology in Biology

In his account of epistēmē, the highest level of understanding attainable in philosophical inquiry, Aristotle articulates standards for the ideal explanations that confer this level of understandin...
Creating home, claiming place: Latina immigrant mothers and the production of belonging

This comparative analysis of Latina immigrant mothers’ experiences in “Squire Town,” a farmworker community in Northern California, and Williamsburg, a recent Latina/o destination in Eastern Virginia, employs a gender lens to analyze how these women make claims to place, belonging, and inclusion through their sustained individual and collective struggles to ensure the well-being of their families. In Williamsburg they created attachment to place through resilience in facing restricted access to services and housing and overcoming fear to navigate unfamiliar physical and institutional settings. Mothers in Squire Town made politicized claims to inclusion by advocating for services in their community. Women in both sites developed support networks to assist them in obtaining or collectively demanding resources and services for their families. These mothers’ responses to exclusionary conditions in these two contexts reveal gendered, place-specific dimensions of belonging and women’s contribution to its production.
Unraveling US National COVID-19 Racial/Ethnic Disparities using County Level Data Among 328 Million Americans

ABSTRACT Racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 outcomes reflect the unequal burden experienced by vulnerable communities in the United States (US). Proposed explanations include socioeconomic factors that influence how people live, work, and play, and pre-existing comorbidities. It is important to assess the extent to which observed US COVID-19 racial and ethnic disparities can be explained by these factors. We study 9.8 million confirmed cases and 234,000 confirmed deaths from 2,990 US counties (3,142 total) that make up 99.8% of the total US population (327.6 out of 328.2 million people) through 11/8/20. We found national COVID-19 racial health disparities in US are partially explained by various social determinants of health and pre-existing comorbidities that have been previously proposed. However, significant unexplained racial and ethnic health disparities still persist at the US county level after adjusting for these variables. There is a pressing need to develop strategies to address not only the social determinants but also other factors, such as testing access, personal protection equipment access and exposures, as well as tailored intervention and resource allocation for vulnerable groups, in order to combat COVID-19 and reduce racial health disparities.
Imperial Science: Cable Telegraphy and Electrical Physics in the Victorian British Empire

In the second half of the nineteenth century, British firms and engineers built, laid, and ran a vast global network of submarine telegraph cables. For the first time, cities around the world were put into almost instantaneous contact, with profound effects on commerce, international affairs, and the dissemination of news. Science, too, was strongly affected, as cable telegraphy exposed electrical researchers to important new phenomena while also providing a new and vastly larger market for their expertise. By examining the deep ties that linked the cable industry to work in electrical physics in the nineteenth century - culminating in James Clerk Maxwell's formulation of his theory of the electromagnetic field - Bruce J. Hunt sheds new light both on the history of the Victorian British Empire and on the relationship between science and technology.
Commentary: Consumption experiences, customer value, subjective personal introspection, the photographic essay, and semiological/hermeneutic interpretation

This commentary revisits an oft-cited paper published in the Journal of Business Research, reviews the themes contained therein, speculates on why the paper garnered more than the usual attention f...
Right Atrial Pressure Is Associated With Outcomes in Patient With Cardiogenic Shock Receiving Acute Mechanical Circulatory Support.

Background: We describe the association between longitudinal hemodynamic changes and clinical outcomes in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) receiving acute mechanical circulatory support devices (AMCS) at a single center. We hypothesized that improved right atrial pressure is associated with better survival in CS. Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients from Tufts Medical Center that received AMCS for CS. Baseline characteristics and invasive hemodynamics were collected, analyzed, and correlated against outcomes. Hemodynamics were recorded at different time intervals during index admission [pre-AMCS, 24 h after AMCS (post AMCS), and last available set of hemodynamics (final-AMCS)]. Logistic regression was performed to determine variables associated with in-hospital mortality. Results: A total of 76 patients had longitudinal hemodynamics available. In hospital mortality occurred in 46% of the cohort. Mean baseline right atrial pressure (RAP) was significantly higher among non-survivors vs. survivors (19.5+6.6 vs. 16.4+5.3 mmHg). Change in right atrial pressure from baseline to before device removal (ΔRA:final AMCS—pre AMCS) was significantly different between survivors and non survivors (−6.5 ± 6.9 mmHg vs. −2.5 ± 6.2 mmHg p = 0.03). Unadjusted logistic regression revealed baseline RAP (OR: 1.1 95% CI: 1.0–1.2), 24 h post device implant RAP (OR: 1.3 95% CI: 1.1–1.4), and final RAP (OR: 1.3 95% CI: 1.1–1.5) to be significant predictors of in-hospital mortality. In a multivariate logistic regression baseline RAP was no longer significantly associated with mortality in the overall cohort, while 24 h (OR: 1.26 95% CI: 1.1–1.5) and final RAP (OR: 1.3 95% CI: 1.1–1.6) remained statistically significant. Conclusion: We report a novel retrospective analysis of hemodynamic changes in patients with CS receiving AMCS. Our findings identify the potential importance of venous congestion as a prognostic marker of mortality. Furthermore, early decongestion or reduced RA pressure is associated with better survival in these critically ill CS patients. These observations suggest the need for further study in larger retrospective and prospective cohorts of patients with varying degrees of CS severity.
Defective mismatch repair associated mutational signatures, a prognostic and predictive biomarker in endometrial cancer.

5528Background: Mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency is the distinguishing molecular feature of a significant portion of endometrial cancers (UCEC), and tumors with MMR deficiency have been identified ...
Smart Traffic Analytics in the Semantic Web with Star-City: Scenarios, System and Lessons Learned in Dublin City

This paper gives a high-level presentation of STAR-CITY, a system supporting semantic traffic analytics and reasoning for city. STAR-CITY, which integrates (human and machine-based) sensor data using variety of formats, velocities and volumes, has been designed to provide insight on historical and real-time traffic conditions, all supporting efficient urban planning. Our system demonstrates how the severity of road traffic congestion can be smoothly analyzed, diagnosed, explored and predicted using semantic web technologies. Our prototype of semantics-aware traffic analytics and reasoning, illustrated and experimented in Dublin Ireland, but also tested in Bologna Italy, Miami USA and Rio Brazil works and scales efficiently with real, historical together with live and heterogeneous stream data. This paper highlights the lessons learned from deploying and using a system in Dublin City based on Semantic Web technologies.
Secrecy and deception: values, shame, and endorsement of hiding one’s pornography viewing

Pornography’s effects have received renewed attention, with particular concern about how viewing impacts committed partner relationships. Given that secrecy and deception about pornography viewing ...
What We Learned When We Compared Discussion Posts from One MOOC Hosted on Two Platforms

We compared discussion posts from a data science ethics MOOC that was hosted on two platforms. We characterized one platform as “open” because learners can respond to discussion prompts while viewing and responding to others. We characterized the other platform as “locked” because learners must respond to a discussion prompt before they can view and respond to others. Our objective is to determine whether these platform differences are consequential and have the potential to impact learning. We analyzed direct responses to two discussion prompts from two modules located in modules two and six of an eight module course. We used conventional content analysis to derive codes directly from the data. Posts on the “open” platform were characterized by failure to completely address the prompt and showed evidence of persuasion tactics and reflective activity. Posts on the “locked” platform were characterized by an apparent intent to complete the task and an assertive tone. Posts on the “locked” platform also showed a diversity of ideas through the corpus of responses. Our findings show that MOOC platform interfaces can lead to qualitative differences in discussion posts in ways that have the potential to impact learning. Our study provides insight into how “open” and “locked” platform designs have the potential to shape ways that learners respond to discussion prompts in MOOCs. Our study offers guidance for instructors making decisions on MOOC platform choice and activities situated within a learning experience. We used conventional content analysis to derive codes directly from the data. Posts on the “open” platform were characterized by failure to completely address the prompt and showed evidence of persuasion tactics and reflective activity. Posts on the “locked” platform were characterized by an apparent intent to complete the task and an assertive tone. Posts on the “locked” platform also showed a diversity of ideas through the corpus of responses. Our findings show that MOOC platform interfaces can lead to qualitative differences in discussion posts in ways that have the potential to impact learning. Our study provides insight into how “open” and “locked” platform designs have the potential to shape ways that learners respond to discussion prompts in MOOCs. Our study offers guidance for instructors making decisions on MOOC platform choice and activities situated within a learning experience.
Poems from the Gouda MS. 1323

Like every other young humanist, Erasmus in his youth had devoted much of his time to the composition of Latin verse. His genius developed slowly, and it was never at any time a poetic genius ; but the patient versifying of these „apprentice years“ played an important part in perfecting the classic Latin style that was in time to make him the idol of the humanists, and to add such grace to the expression of his mature thought. A number of his early poems have been published in the Opera Omnia 1). The three groups of poems which follow, written at different stages in his development, complete the list. Though written largely for practice and with more attention to classical form than to originality of content, these verses throw some interesting side lights on the making of a humanist.
Screening and evaluation of novel biphasic solvents for energy-efficient post-combustion CO2 capture

Abstract Approximately 50 amine-based aqueous solvent blends of absorption accelerators (monoamines or polyamines) and regeneration promoters [N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCA) or 2-(diethylamino) ethanol (DEEA)] were investigated in a screening study to help develop a novel phase transitional carbon dioxide (CO2) absorption process. Carbon dioxide absorption rates and phase transition behavior at 30 °C and phase equilibrium behavior of CO2 desorption at 80 °C were evaluated by using laboratory batch reactors. Relationships between the characteristic structures of solvent components and the observed absorption and desorption performance were qualitatively evaluated. Blending with either DMCA or DEEA, which have different hydrophobicities, only marginally affected the structure–performance relationship of the derived solvent blends. Phase transitions occurred only in solvent blends containing polyamine accelerators. Most polyamine + DEEA solvents showed higher CO2 loading capacities at 30 °C but lower equilibrium pressures of CO2 at 80 °C than did polyamine + DMCA solvents. TETA + DEEA was identified as the most favorable solvent blend in the screening study. Results also suggested that the biphasic solvents with amine accelerators containing 3–4 N and 4–6 C atoms generally exhibited favorable absorption and desorption performance without major operational concerns.
A Second Order Adjoint Method to Targeted Observations

The role of the second order adjoint in targeting strategies is studied and analyzed. Most targeting strategies use the first order adjoint to identify regions where additional information is of potential benefit to a data assimilation system. The first order adjoint posses a restriction on the targeting time for which the linear approximation accurately tracks the evolution of perturbation. Using second order adjoint information it is possible to maintain some accuracy for longer time intervals, which can lead to an increase on the target time. We propose the use of the dominant eigenvectors of the Hessian matrix as an indicator of the directions of maximal error growth for a given targeting functional. These vectors are a natural choice to be included in the targeting strategies given their mathematical properties.
ACTIVE JUVENILE DERMATOMYOSITIS (JDMS) IS ASSOCIATED WITH COMPLEMENT AND COAGULATION ACTIVATION, AND INCREASED TITERS TO ANTINUCLEAR (ANA) AND COXSACKIE B VIRAL (COX-B) ANTIGENS

Seven active JDMS children had increased complement activation products (C3d and C4d), endothelial cell perturbation (increased factor VIII related antigen), and intravascular thrombosis (generation of fibrinopeptide A), despite normal routine coagulation studies. When 12 JDMS sera obtained within 4 months of disease onset were tested for complement fixing antibody to Cox-B, 83% were positive to at least one antigen, compared to 25% of controls matched for age/sex/date of visit. In contrast, assays for antibody to 15 other possible viral antigens, including Mycoplasma pneumonia, did not give greater than expected titers. When neutralizing antibody was measured, an increase in Cox-B2 (58%), B4 (58%), B5 (67%), was seen vs a maxima of 26% in control sera. Finally, when these sera were tested for ANA, 50% were positive. We conclude that newly diagnosed JDMS is associated with increased antibody to Cox-B and ANA; active disease perturbs the coagulation and complement systems. We speculate that these events may be related to the pathophysiology of this chronic illness. Supported in part by grants from Illinois Chapter Arthritis Foundation, Marlene Apfelbaum Memorial Foundation, and AM-21589.
Strategic purchasing participation, supplier selection, supplier evaluation and purchasing performance

In this article, we examine how purchasing’s strategic participation influences supply management activities via the choice of appropriate operational and strategic criteria. Specifically, the study focuses on supplier selection and monitoring ongoing supplier performance evaluation based on operational and strategic criteria. A combination of choosing appropriate supplier selection criteria and monitoring supplier performance ensures that the benefits of purchasing’s participation in strategic planning translate into better purchasing performance of cost, quality, delivery, flexibility and innovation. We test the hypotheses using survey data collected from manufacturing companies in the US by means of a path model. Our results provide support for the tenet that purchasing’s participation in strategic planning influences purchasing performance directly as well as through the mediating effects of supplier selection criteria and supplier performance evaluation. We discuss the theoretical and managerial impl...
Ketone bodies protection against HIV‐1 Tat‐induced neurotoxicity

HIV-1 associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is a syndrome that ranges clinically from subtle neuropsychological impairments to profoundly disabling HIV-associated dementia. Not only is the pathogenesis of HAND unclear, but also effective treatments are unavailable. The HIV-1 transactivator of transcription protein (HIV-1 Tat) is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of HAND, in part, because of its well-characterized ability to directly excite neurons and cause neurotoxicity. Consistent with previous findings from others, we demonstrate here that HIV-1 Tat induced neurotoxicity, increased intracellular calcium, and disrupted a variety of mitochondria functions, such as reducing mitochondrial membrane potential, increasing levels of reactive oxygen species, and decreasing bioenergetic efficiency. Of therapeutic importance, we show that treatment of cultured neurons with ketone bodies normalized HIV-1 Tat induced changes in levels of intracellular calcium, mitochondrial function, and neuronal cell death. Ketone bodies are normally produced in the body and serve as alternative energy substrates in tissues including brain and can cross the blood-brain barrier. Ketogenic strategies have been used clinically for treatment of neurological disorders and our current results suggest that similar strategies may also provide clinical benefits in the treatment of HAND.
Positive Phototaxis in Larval Bonytail

Abstract We conducted an experiment to determine phototaxis in bonytail Gila elegans, a Colorado River basin endemic fish. We tested groups of 50 protolarvae (6.1–8.9 mm total length) in darkness for 2 h or 4 h with illuminated (lighted) and nonilluminated (unlighted) traps suspended in aquaria in pairs (one lighted and one unlighted, two lighted, or two unlighted); we repeated each trial three times. Among all trials, lighted traps captured 60% (359 of 600) of available larvae, which was significantly more than the 0% (1 of 600) from unlighted traps. Results demonstrate positive phototaxis and suggest larval light-trapping could be used to detect the presence of larval bonytail or to monitor or collect individuals for management of this critically imperiled species.
Coccidian Parasites and Conservation Implications for the Endangered Whooping Crane (Grus americana).

While the population of endangered whooping cranes (Grus americana) has grown from 15 individuals in 1941 to an estimated 304 birds today, the population growth is not sufficient to support a down-listing of the species to threatened status. The degree to which disease may be limiting the population growth of whooping cranes is unknown. One disease of potential concern is caused by two crane-associated Eimeria species: Eimeria gruis and E. reichenowi. Unlike most species of Eimeria, which are localized to the intestinal tract, these crane-associated species may multiply systemically and cause a potentially fatal disease. Using a non-invasive sampling approach, we assessed the prevalence and phenology of Eimeria oocysts in whooping crane fecal samples collected across two winter seasons (November 2012–April 2014) at the Aransas National Wildlife Refuge along the Texas Gulf coast. We also compared the ability of microscopy and PCR to detect Eimeria in fecal samples. Across both years, 26.5% (n = 328) of fecal samples were positive for Eimeria based on microscopy. Although the sensitivity of PCR for detecting Eimeria infections seemed to be less than that of microscopy in the first year of the study (8.9% vs. 29.3%, respectively), an improved DNA extraction protocol resulted in increased sensitivity of PCR relative to microscopy in the second year of the study (27.6% and 20.8%, respectively). The proportion of positive samples did not vary significantly between years or among sampling sites. The proportion of Eimeria positive fecal samples varied with date of collection, but there was no consistent pattern of parasite shedding between the two years. We demonstrate that non-invasive fecal collections combined with PCR and DNA sequencing techniques provides a useful tool for monitoring Eimeria infection in cranes. Understanding the epidemiology of coccidiosis is important for management efforts to increase population growth of the endangered whooping crane.
Aphasia and depression

Abstract For more than 100 years clinicians have recognized that language functions are frequently disrupted by unilateral lesions of the left hemisphere (Broca 1861). For almost the same length of time clinicians have recognized that specific emotional disorders are associated with unilateral brain injury (Kraepelin 1921, Meyer 1904). Some of these emotional disorders have also been lateralized or associated with lesions of one hemisphere. In 1922, Babinski noted that indifference or euphoric reactions can follow right hemisphere cerebral damage. This disorder was later termed the ‘indifference reaction’ by Hecaen (1951) and Denny-Brown, Meyer and Horenstein (1952). Depression, which is the most common emotional disorder following brain lesions has frequently, but not always, been associated with dominant hemisphere lesions (Gainotti 1972, Folstein, Maiberger and McHugh 1977).
The Effect of Perceived Value in the Decision to Participate in Study Abroad Programs

This study examines university students' motivations for participating in a study abroad program. Specifically, the study seeks to understand the conditions in which students with a high risk propensity will be more likely to participate in an international experience. Further, it investigates how perceived career value will moderate this relationship. Finding support for both hypotheses, we suggest that universities need to do a better job to ensure that students understand that study abroad programs are more than just a chance to travel and have a good time. Increased cultural intelligence is an absolute necessity for managers in today's global environment. Overall, it enhances the students' professional marketability.
An Intra-Herd Contemporary Comparison of the Production of Artificially and Naturally Sired Dairy Cows in Georgia

Summary Milk production, fat production, and fat percentage data from 715 Dairy Herd Improvement Association records, of Holstein, Guernsey, and Jersey cattle were studied to estimate the amount of genetic change resulting from the artificial breeding program as compared to the natural breeding program in Georgia. The contemporary comparison method was utilized on a within breed, herd, season and year basis. The A. I. Holsteins produced a significantly higher percentage of fat (0.16%) than their N. I. contemporaries. No other differences were significant.
Computer simulation studies of the effects of dynamic shimming on susceptibility artifacts in EPI at high field.

Abstract Dynamic shimming in multi-slice imaging aims to achieve optimal magnetic field homogeneity by updating the shim coil currents for each slice in real time. Dynamic shimming may reduce the signal loss and geometric distortion caused by magnetic susceptibility variations between tissues and is likely to be valuable for fast T 2 ∗ -sensitive imaging techniques like EPI. A computer simulation of dynamic shimming using real image data has been developed to demonstrate the effectiveness of higher order dynamic shimming for echo planar imaging at high magnetic field, and to investigate the potential benefits of different orders of shim coil. Geometric distortions and signal intensities for different degrees of dynamic shimming were simulated and the results are compared with the images obtained with a conventional shimming technique. These results demonstrate the effectiveness, necessity and difficulty of high order dynamic shimming.
Critical Thinking and Education for Democracy

(1991). Critical Thinking and Education for Democracy. Educational Philosophy and Theory: Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 9-29.