cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Evidence-Based Psychodynamic Treatments for Anxiety Disorders: A Review

Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent mental disorders in the United States, are the most ­frequently encountered disorders in primary mental health services, and are hypothesized to be the most common presenting problems in psychodynamic therapeutic practices [1]. In fact, when combining both national and international data, the best estimate for lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders is 16.6% [2]. These disorders include generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), social phobia, agoraphobia, and specific phobias [2].
Notes From the Co-Editors

In 2015, a total of 15 manuscripts were submitted for publication consideration in the Journal of Career and Technical Education (JCTE). At the end of November, the review process was fully completed for 12 manuscripts, with three articles remaining under review. Based on the review results of the fully reviewed manuscripts, three articles met the standards for publication and were accepted to produce Volume 30, Issue 1 of the journal, representing an acceptance rate of 25%. The articles featured in the current issue, represent two methodological approaches (correlational and descriptive), and address important issues related to career development, equity, and program practice.
Modelling Behaviour for Distributed Additive Manufacturing

Distributed forms of construction in the biological world are characterized by the ability to generate complex adaptable large-scale structures with tunable properties. In contrast, state-of-the-art digital construction platforms in design lack such abilities. This is mainly due to limitations associated with fixed and inflexible gantry sizes as well as challenges associated with achieving additively manufacturing constructs that are at once structurally sound and materially tunable. To tackle these challenges we propose a multi-nodal distributed construction approach that can enable design and construction of larger-than-gantry-size structures. The system can generate and respond to integrated real-time feedback for parameters such as material curing duration and position awareness. We demonstrate this approach through a software environment designed to control multiple robots operating collaboratively to additively manufacture large-scale structures. We present and report on a novel computational workflow as well as work-in-progress of a digital fabrication environment. The environment combines a centralized system designed to manage top-down design intent given by environmental variables, with a decentralized system designed to compute, in a bottom up manner, parameters such as multi-node rule-based collision, asynchronous motion, multi-nodal construction sequence and variable material deposition properties. The paper reports on a successful first deployment of the system and demonstrates novel features characteristic of fabrication-information modelling such as multi-nodal cooperation, material-based flow and deposition, and environmentally informed digital construction.
Scavenging dissolved oxygen via acoustic droplet vaporization.

Abstract Acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) of perfluorocarbon emulsions has been explored for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Previous studies have demonstrated that vaporization of a liquid droplet results in a gas microbubble with a diameter 5–6 times larger than the initial droplet diameter. The expansion factor can increase to a factor of 10 in gassy fluids as a result of air diffusing from the surrounding fluid into the microbubble. This study investigates the potential of this process to serve as an ultrasound-mediated gas scavenging technology. Perfluoropentane droplets diluted in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were insonified by a 2 MHz transducer at peak rarefactional pressures lower than and greater than the ADV pressure amplitude threshold in an in vitro flow phantom. The change in dissolved oxygen (DO) of the PBS before and after ADV was measured. A numerical model of gas scavenging, based on conservation of mass and equal partial pressures of gases at equilibrium, was developed. At insonation pressures exceeding the ADV threshold, the DO of air-saturated PBS decreased with increasing insonation pressures, dropping as low as 25% of air saturation within 20 s. The decrease in DO of the PBS during ADV was dependent on the volumetric size distribution of the droplets and the fraction of droplets transitioned during ultrasound exposure. Numerically predicted changes in DO from the model agreed with the experimentally measured DO, indicating that concentration gradients can explain this phenomenon. Using computationally modified droplet size distributions that would be suitable for in vivo applications, the DO of the PBS was found to decrease with increasing concentrations. This study demonstrates that ADV can significantly decrease the DO in an aqueous fluid, which may have direct therapeutic applications and should be considered for ADV-based diagnostic or therapeutic applications.
A Highly Efficient Steam Turbine-Gas Turbine Cycle

This paper presents the approach used to select a gas turbine steam-turbine cycle of 19,000 kw with the highest efficiency attainable with commercially available equipment at reasonable costs. Mechanical integration of the equipment simplifies operation and contributes to reduced installation costs. The operating characteristics of the resulting plant are dissimilar to conventional steam-turbine plants and on application study is made to determine that significant operating cost gains are attainable when applied to a utility system.Copyright © 1963 by ASME
Ultra-low Power, Buffer Gas assisted High Speed Optical Modulator in Rb using Tapered Nano Fiber

We report on the experimental progress of an ultra-low power, high speed optical modulator in a tapered nano fiber system using buffer gas induced line broadening of ladder transitions in Rb atoms.
Determination of chromium in soft capsules shells of drug and health food by microwave digestion-furnace atom absorption spectrometry

Objective To establish a method of microwave digestion-furnace atom absorption spectrometry for the determination of chromium in soft capsule shells of drug and health food.Methods The determination conditions of microwave digestion-furnace atom absorbance spectrometry were optimized.The content of chromium was determined under the wavelength of 357.9nm,with the slit width 0.7nm.Results The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0-50μg·L-1(r=0.998 9),the limit of detection was 0.02mg·kg-1,and the limit of quantification was 0.08mg·kg-1.The average recoveries at three levels were 101.4%,100.8% and 99.7%,respectively,and the RSD were 1.9%,2.1%and 3.2%,respectively.Conclusion This method is simple,accurate,and suitable for the determination of chromium in soft capsule shells of drug and health food.
Cirrhosis and death after jejunoileal shunt.

Hepatic failure has not been previously reported after jejunoileal shunts for obesity. A 39-year-old woman who underwent jejunoileal anastomosis is described. At operation, the liver was grossly normal. Microscopically, there were only mild fatty changes and round cell infiltration in occasional portal spaces. Eleven months later, liver failure developed and the shunt was taken down; at autopsy, there was severe micronodular cirrhosis.
Evaluation of Common Disinfectants Effective against Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola, the Causative Agent of Snake Fungal Disease

Efficacy of disinfectants used in veterinary, wildlife, and environmental settings were tested on Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola, the cause of snake fungal disease. Bleach and several common household cleaners are effective disinfectants; chlorhexidine, Simple Green, and spectricide were not. This information can be used to prevent transmission of this fungus between snakes.
Real-time altitude optimization of airborne wind energy systems using Lyapunov-based switched extremum seeking control

This paper applies a Lyapunov-based switched extremum seeking (LSES) control algorithm to the application of altitude optimization of airborne wind energy systems. We evaluate the stability and convergence of this control algorithm for the application at hand. Achievement of the optimal altitude to maximize energy production requires use of energy in order to search for the optimal altitude, which is continually and randomly varying. The simultaneous desires to optimize altitude and minimize control energy consumption are balanced in this paper through a variant of extremum seeking control, where the periodic perturbation signal is reduced when convergence upon an optimal altitude is detected. The signal is reinstated when the wind speed begins to deviate from its instantaneous optimal value. Because the wind shear profile (wind speed vs. altitude) is subject to continual variations, this application represents a challenging case study in LSES control. Using real wind shear data, the results presented in this paper show that the LSES controller is successful in significantly increasing the net energy production over fixed-altitude and standard extremum seeking strategies.
A vertically aligned carbon nanofiber (VACNF) based amperometric glucose sensor

Due of the clinical significance of measuring blood glucose levels of diabetic patients substantial research and development efforts have been devoted to the realization of reliable glucose sensors for in vitro or in vivo applications [1]. Wang et al introduced a mediator-free and membrane-free biosensor which provided a novel direction for biosensor development [2]. On the other hand the presence of defect sites in vertically aligned carbon nanofiber (VACNF) results in better mechanical stability, sensitivity and response compared to carbon nanotubes (CNT) for sensor applications [3–4]. Based on these scientific observations a mediator-free, bienzyme, glucose sensor incorporating VACNF is proposed in this paper.
Correlation of ultra-widefield fundus autofluorescence patterns with the underlying genotype in retinal dystrophies and retinitis pigmentosa

ABSTRACTPurpose: Ultra-widefield fundus autofluorescence (UW-FAF) allows the characterization of the peripheral retinal features of vitreoretinal diseases. The purpose of this study was to examine possible genotypic/phenotypic correlations of UW-FAF patterns in patients with a variety of retinal dystrophies and retinitis pigmentosa (RP).Methods: An IRB-approved retrospective consecutive case series study was performed of genetically characterized retinal dystrophy or RP patients who underwent UW-FAF imaging. UW-FAF was performed with the Optos 200Tx system. Clinical variables, genotypic analysis, and phenotypic characteristics were reviewed.Results: Seventeen patients were identified who had identified mutations in retinal dystrophy or RP genes and who also had undergone UW-FAF. Three patients had X-linked RP with RPGR mutations. Six patients had autosomal dominant RP (four with RHO mutations and one with a PRPF31 mutation, and one with RDS/PRPH2 mutation). Four patients had autosomal recessive RP (four w...
Underlying Notions in Set Theory

Before You Get Started. Come up with real-life examples of sets that behave like the ones in the above picture; for example, you might think of friends of yours that could be grouped according to certain characteristics—those younger than 20, those who are female, etc. Carefully label your picture. Make your example rich enough that all of the regions in the picture have members.
Air-gap discharge energy change characteristics in oil-paper insulation and the research on the correlation with the variation of gas

A test platform was built for the research on airgap discharge and its development characteristics which based on the air-gap discharge model in oil-paper insulation, and repeated carried out 36 hours partial discharge experiments using constant voltage method under the same conditions. Calculated the maximum discharge energy Wmax and the average discharge energy Wavg of the different discharge time. At the same time, average discharge energy per second Wasec was proposed as a new feature in which the discharge repetition was considered, the analysis showed that Wasec can characterize the the development characteristics of partial discharge very well. One the other hand, the dissolved gases in the oil were analyzed, the correlation analysis between six kinds of characteristic gas and Wasec showed that the content of H 2 has the highest correlation with Wasec during the development of air-gap discharge in oil-paper insulation, followed by CO and CH 4 . The changes in the contents of these three gases can roughly reflect the variation of the Wasec. It has great significance in engineering practice.
Mixing Li and Cs in the reduction of corannulene for the assembly of a cesium-capped sandwich with a hexanuclear heterometallic core

The use of two alkali metals having the greatest ion size mismatch, Li and Cs, in the reduction of bowl-shaped corannulene (C20H10, 1), results in the preparation of a heterobimetallic organometallic self-assembly, [Cs(diglyme)]2//[Li3Cs3(C20H10)2(diglyme)2] (2). The X-ray crystallographic investigation of 2 revealed the formation of a triple-decker sandwich having a highly-charged hexanuclear core, (Li3Cs3)6+, held between two tetrareduced corannulene decks. The sandwich is capped by external cesium ions filling the concave cavities of corannulene bowls. The average depth of two C20H104− anions of 0.754(14) A is significantly greater in 2 compared to the values of 0.241(2)–0.355(2) A observed in the homometallic lithium sandwiches formed by tetrareduced corannulene, thus illustrating the unique flexibility of its carbon framework to adapt to different internal and external coordination environments.
Characterization of Whole Body Pain in Urological Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome at Baseline: A MAPP Research Network Study

Purpose: We characterized the location and spatial distribution of whole body pain in patients with urological chronic pelvic pain syndrome using a body map. We also compared the severity of urinary symptoms, pelvic pain, nonpelvic pain and psychosocial health among patients with different pain patterns.Materials and Methods: A total of 233 women and 191 men with urological chronic pelvic pain syndrome enrolled in a multicenter, 1-year observational study completed a battery of baseline measures, including a body map describing the location of pain during the last week. Participants were categorized with pelvic pain if they reported pain in the abdomen and pelvis only. Participants who reported pain beyond the pelvis were further divided into 2 subgroups based on the number of broader body regions affected by pain, including an intermediate group with 1 or 2 additional regions outside the pelvis and a widespread pain group with 3 to 7 additional regions.Results: Of the 424 enrolled patients 25% reported p...
Controls on diagenesis and dolomitization of peritidal facies, Early Cretaceous Lower Edwards Group, central Texas, USA

The Early Cretaceous Fort Terrett Formation of Mason County, central Texas, is a succession of subtidal to peritidal mud-dominated facies with minor intervals of bioclastic packstone–grainstone, rudist floatstone, and interbedded chert nodules. The strata conformably overlie the Hensel Formation, which was deposited unconformably on Precambrian basement. The Hensel Formation also contains a significant percentage of dolomite, precipitated within a fine-grained clayey matrix. The Hensel and Fort Terrett Formations were deposited during a transgressive episode, which provided the conditions for the extensive shallow-water Comanche carbonate platform. Siliciclastic and carbonate sediments were deposited along the coastal margin in subtidal, intertidal to supratidal areas. Previous dolomitization models have suggested that high permeability layers are required for dolomitizing brines to flow through a carbonate succession. Although, interparticle porosity in muddy tidal-flat successions can be significant, it has a limited flow capacity. However, interconnected fenestral porosity can allow sufficient fluid flow to move dolomitizing fluids more efficiently through the succession. Thus, it is hypothesized that interconnected fenestral porosity could have had a significant impact on permeability within this muddy succession and provided the pathways and conduits for Mg-rich brines. Four types of dolomite are recognized in the Fort Terrett succession. Three of these dolomite types formed largely by replacement and they occur throughout the succession. Features such as crystal size, crystal face geometry and zonation reflect the progressive development and recrystallization of the dolomite types. Only type 4 dolomite formed as a cement in void spaces during a late diagenetic stage. The direction of the dolomitizing fluid movement is difficult to determine, but it was likely downward in this case, controlled by a density-head driving-mechanism generated by dense hypersaline fluids from an evaporating lagoon.
A Frequency Diversity Method of Reducing Speckle in Wideband Ultrasound Images

A set of concurrent real-time B-mode image lines has been formed using a parallel processing system. In this system, a wideband received echo is partitioned by frequency diversity filtering and separate image lines are formed. Due to their differing constituent frequencies, these lines have decorrelated speckle patterns. The amount of speckle in the displayed image is reduced upon averaging these image lines. The reduction in image speckle and the accompanying improvement in perceived resolution is accomplished with no sacrifice of temporal resolution or display format. The effects of filter separation and amplitude apodization of the received frequency spectrum are investigated through statistical analysis of images containing speckle producing targets. A measurable increase in image signal-to-noise ratio has been achieved.
Life cycle impact of nanosilver polymer-food storage containers as a case study informed by literature review

Four hundred tons of silver nanoparticles are produced annually on a global scale. More than 25% of the consumer products that contain nanomaterials claim to have nano-scale silver (nAg), making it common in nanoenabled products, with food storage containers as one application. The antimicrobial property of nAg in these products helps to prolong the freshness of the stored food, thus potentially reducing food waste. Studies have found the migration of nAg from polymer nanocomposite food storage containers into the stored food to occur, which represents a concern to both the environment and public health. In this work, a midpoint life cycle assessment (LCA) is utilized in a cradle to grave capacity to compare the environmental and human health impacts of nAg enabled polymer food storage containers (at two different nAg concentrations) with their conventional counterpart. The electricity usage during the washing phase of a single nAg container represents the highest impact in almost all the ten categories due to the associated fossil fuel usage, while the impact related to the nAg leaching from this phase is insignificant in any scenario. This study demonstrates an increase in the overall environmental impact related to the integration of nAg on food storage containers compared to conventional food storage containers, however it was found to be very small (less than 1.6% of the total environmental impact). This work suggests that the environmental impact of nAg enabling food storage containers is fairly small, which may have implications for future food storage applications.
Review: The Architecture of Barry Byrne: Taking the Prairie School to Europe, by Vincent L. Michael, John H. Howe, Architect: From Taliesin Apprentice to Master of Organic Design, Jane King Hession and Tim Quigley

Vincent L. Michael The Architecture of Barry Byrne: Taking the Prairie School to Europe Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2013, 248 pp., 11 color and 99 b/w illus. $60 (cloth), ISBN 9780252037535 Jane King Hession and Tim Quigley John H. Howe, Architect: From Taliesin Apprentice to Master of Organic Design Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2015, 232 pp., 157 color and 55 b/w illus. $49.95 (cloth), ISBN 9780816683017 In a bitter diatribe published in the May 1914 issue of Architectural Record , Frank Lloyd Wright harshly criticized former employees for plagiarizing his architecture. While the accusation may have been justified in the cases of some of Wright's draftsmen, Barry Byrne and, later, John Howe stepped out of the master's shadow and successfully developed their own personal interpretations of organic architecture. Byrne worked in the Oak Park studio during the early days of Wright's independent practice. Howe, years later, became the “pencil in Wright's hand” at Taliesin. The positions of these two men in the story of midcentury modern architecture have remained largely overlooked until now. While a generation separated Byrne and Howe, numerous parallels connect them. Both came from relatively poor families in the Chicago area and developed their interest in architecture as young boys, spending free time visiting modern buildings. Both talked their way into Wright's office as teenagers without any formal training and then quietly learned the trade by listening and observing, eventually rising to become central members of the studio staff. Both were industrious and diligent workers, “lacking the architectural ego” of their employer, as Vincent L. Michael observes of Byrne in The Architecture of Barry Byrne (2). And both went on to have successful independent careers, producing their own aesthetically accomplished, functional architecture. Two recent monographs provide new insights into the careers of these designers. Both books are valuable resources for anyone interested in gaining a deeper understanding of midcentury modern architecture and, more specifically, the work of these former Wright employees. Francis Xavier Ignatius Loyola Walter Barry Byrne (1883–1967) came to Wright's Oak Park studio with no previous training in architecture or construction. Having experienced the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition as a child, Byrne later recalled, he would have been “desperately unhappy” had …
Parametrization of unstable manifolds and Fatou disks for parabolic skew-products

We study the existence of Fatou components on parabolic skew product maps. We focus on skew products in which each coordinate has a fixed point that is parabolic. As in the geometrically attracting case, we prove that there exists maps F that have one-dimensional disks that are mapped to a point in the Julia set of the restriction of F to an invariant one-dimensional fiber. We first prove a linearization theorem for a one-dimensional map, then for a parabolic skew product. Finally, we apply this result to construct the skew product map described above.
Rural-to-urban migration and the geography of absentee non-industrial private forest ownership: A case from southeast Ohio

Abstract There is a growing literature on tropical forests that demonstrates ways in which rural-to-urban migration establishes dynamic connections between forest landscapes and urban areas. In the United States, context, however, studies of the geography of absentee ownership of non-industrial private forest (NIPF) lands focus on urban-to-rural migration for retirement or amenity purposes. Using parcel data sourced from local governments in an 11-county study area in central and southeastern Ohio, along with a range of openly available data, we analyze patterns of absentee ownership of NIPF parcels to determine the characteristics of areas where absentee owners reside. We hypothesize the rural-to-urban migration patterns, particularly of youth, will help explain where absentee NIPF owners of parcels in our study reside. We estimate models for all census tracts in the United States, finding that indicators of migration, creative class employment opportunities, and affluence are strongly associated with finding at least one absentee owner of an NIPF parcel in our study area. Considering these complex connections affecting NIPF parcels in a North American context could support improved forest management education, outreach, and planning efforts.
Cell Therapy for Cardiac Disease

The observation that adult mammals possess stem and progenitor cells that contribute to tissue maintenance and repair underlies the conceptual basis for cardiac cell therapy. A number of cell types have been studied in the pre-clinical setting, including bone-marrow derived cells, endothelial progenitor cells, resident cardiac progenitor cells, embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent cells. The mechanisms mediating the effects of cell therapy – both direct and paracrine – are being intensely investigated, as better mechanistic understanding may improve clinical effects. The field of cell therapy has moved into clinical trials, with early results providing reassuring safety data and encouraging evidence for efficacy. Whether larger, longer-term studies will bear out this efficacy signal remains to be seen, but further basic studies promise to improve our understanding of cell therapy in the heart, thereby allowing us to refine attempts at therapeutic application.
Residual kidney function in twice-weekly hemodialysis: irreplaceable contribution to dialysis adequacy

Over time, there has been increasing recognition of the importance of preservation of residual kidney function (RKF) in dialysis patients (1). The presence of RKF has been shown to contribute to the overall health and well-being of dialysis patients including improved survival, better nutrition, and reduced inflammation (2-4).
System Co-Design Modeling Methodology of a High Speed (25Gbps) Multi-Rate 4-Channel Retimer: Simulation to Measurement Correlation

Abstract In this paper we detail the system (viz. silicon-package-pcb) electrical co-design of a 130nm BiCMOS high-speed (25Gbps) 4-channel multi-rate retimer, packaged in a small 6-mm × 6-mm FC BG...
Impact of Time to Collection from Last Chemotherapy on Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Outcome for Relapsed/Refractory Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma

Background Immune reconstitution represented by lymphocytes recovery post autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) has been shown to improve outcome in relapsed/refractory lymphoma. This in turn has been linked to the infused peripheral blood autograft absolute lymphocyte count (ALC). Shorter time from last chemotherapy to collection (CTC) has been found to negatively ALC at pre-pheresis and leads to poor outcome in relapsed diffuse large B cell lymphoma. We hypothesized that in relapsed/refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma, CTC affects the ALC on the date of collection. Method Retrospective review of all adult patients who underwent autologous HCT (2007-2017) for histologically confirmed classical Hodgkin lymphoma at the Markey Cancer Center- University of Kentucky was done. Exclusion criteria included lack of salvage chemotherapy data, and those undergoing allogeneic HCT. Descriptive statistics were done for baseline characteristics. Median ALC was compared using Mann-Whitney U test. Kaplan-Meier curve with log rank testing was used to compare progression free survival (PFS) as well as overall survival (OS). Statistical analysis was done on SPSS 24. Results A total of 44 patients met the inclusion criteria. The median age was 34 (range 18-63) yrs. Male to female ratio was 2:1. The most common histology was nodular sclerosis (60%). The first line chemotherapy was ABVD in 83%. The most commonly used salvage regimens were Ifosfamide, Gemcitabine, and Vinorelbine (IGEV) in (55%) and Ifosfamide, Carboplatin and Etoposide (ICE) in (30%). Stem cell harvest was done from peripheral blood only using Cytoxan+GCSF (45%) and GCSF (18%). GCF+Plerixafor was used in 36% of the patients. Most of the patients (93%) collected a median of (5.5 × 106 CD 34 cells/kg) in 3 days. The Median CTC was 43 (range 26-91) days. Patients were then divided into two cohorts, Short CTC (6 weeks or less) and long CTC (more than 6 weeks). Baseline characteristics were balanced between the two groups (see table 1). There was no statistical difference in the median ALC (2.35 vs 1.47, p=0.226) (figure a), or CD34 cell count (6.06 vs 4.5, p=0.184) (figure b). At a median follow up time of 17 months (range 0-116 months), the progression free survival between the two groups were comparable (46 mo vs not reached, p=0.423) (figure c). Overall survival did not differ significantly (not reached for both groups, p=0.894) (figure d). Conclusion In our single institutional experience, time to collection of peripheral stem cell harvest did not affect ALC or outcome following salvage chemotherapy followed by autologous HCT in classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Other prognostic markers need exploration to improve outcome of relapse/refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma.
Size-resolved characteristics of water-soluble particulate elements in a coastal area: Source identification, influence of wildfires, and diurnal variability

Abstract Size-resolved elemental measurements were conducted for the water-soluble fraction of particulate matter at a central California coastal city, Marina, during two separate summertime field campaigns: the Nucleation in California Experiment (NiCE) in 2013 and the Fog and Stratocumulus Evolution (FASE) campaign in 2016. Two Micro-Orifice Uniform Deposit Impactors (MOUDIs) were used to quantify mass size distributions of 29 elements and a Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model revealed six characteristic sources during the measurement periods: (i) Crustal Emissions (3.9% of total mass), (ii) Secondary Aerosol (24.4%), (iii) Biomass Burning (13.1%), (iv) Waste Facilities (8.7%), (v) Vehicular Emissions (4.4%), and (vi) Marine Emissions (45.4%). Characteristic elements from each of these sources included the following: (i) Crustal Emissions (Fe, Al, Ti, Pt), (ii) Secondary Aerosol (Zn, As, Rb, K, Cu, V), (iii) Biomass Burning (Rb, K, Cu, Pt), (iv) Waste Facilities (Ag, Cd, Ni, Al), (v) Vehicular Emissions (Zn, Zr, V, Mn), and (vi) Marine Emissions (Na, Sr, V, Mn). Temporally-resolved results revealed higher PM levels associated with Vehicular Emissions (day/night mass concentration ratio = 31.3), Crustal Emissions (day/night = 20.0), and Secondary Aerosol (day/night = 27.2) during the day compared to night due to some combination of more daytime anthropogenic activity, wind speed/directional factors, and photochemistry. The Marine Emissions factor exhibited a day/night concentration ratio of exactly 1.0. Mass size distributions revealed characteristic peaks in four diameter ranges: 0.1–0.18 μm, 0.32–0.56 μm, 1.0–1.8 μm, and 3.2–5.6 μm. The number of modes varied depending on the species and degree of wildfire influence, with additional differences observed between the NiCE and FASE wildfire periods.
Utilizing Lane-Based Strategy to Incorporate Mixed Traffic in Interchange Control for Connected and Autonomous Vehicles:

This work examines the next-generation interchange control system (NIC) that aims to control connected and autonomous vehicles (CAV) at interchanges with the consideration of different mixed traffi...
Post-operative emergence of acute brachial neuritis following posterior cervical laminectomy with fusion: A case report and review of the literature.

Abstract Introduction Idiopathic brachial plexus neuritis or neuralgic amyotrophy is a rare neurological condition whose true etiology currently remains unknown. Epidemiologically, the incidence of this condition is exceptionally rare with only 1.6 cases for every 100,000 people (Turner and Parsonage, 1987). Symptoms present an initial acute and sudden pain to the shoulder girdle and upper arm which is followed by a sense of profound weakness and numbness to the upper arm (Parsonage and Turner, 1948). Localized neuropathy within the arm-pit region may also be presented. The pain often exacerbates upon movement of the shoulder. Due to the anatomic location affected and the nature of the clinical symptoms presented, accurate diagnosis of brachial plexus neuritis poses a challenging diagnostic task for physicians due to remarkably similar symptoms expressed by differential diagnoses. Presentation of case Here, we report the case of a 55-year-old woman who underwent surgery entailing cervical laminectomy with instrumented fusion. She presented with postoperative symptoms of severe pain in the left arm with significant weakness within 24 h after surgery. A diagnosis of brachial plexus neuritis was made based on the symptoms presented and upon review of imaging scans. Discussion After a six-month follow-up visit, the patient recovered from the brachial neuritis but has residual numbness in the hand. The presentation of this case serves to transmit three fundamental purposes. First, this case serves to establish an intriguing possible association of the post-surgical period of cervical laminectomy with acute brachial neuritis and signifies the importance post-operative linkage with brachial neuritis in general. Second, this case also highlights the importance of close clinical monitoring of patients with unique symptoms within the postoperative follow-up period to ensure successful improvement and accurate diagnosis. Conclusion As an underdiagnosed and relatively obscure condition, this case serves as an imperative reference for physicians to illuminate differential diagnosis of similar symptomatic conditions and also to promote knowledge of brachial plexus neuritis which can lead to an early and precise diagnosis.
Functional connectivity changes from transcranial infrared laser stimulation measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy measured the alterations in functional connectivity from non-invasive transcranial photobiomodulation with a 1064-nm continuous-wave laser on eighteen adults. These results indicate improved functional connectivity after laser stimulus exposure.
A foraging theory perspective on the associational critique of North American Pleistocene overkill

Abstract At least 37 genera of mostly large mammals went extinct toward the end of the Pleistocene in North America near the time of human arrival, and this general synchrony has long been argued to suggest human hunting (i.e., “overkill”) caused those losses. However, there exist only a few sites that securely document the human utilization of extinct megafauna, and this apparent scarcity—often referred to as the Associational Critique—remains the single most widely-cited, empirically-based objection to overkill. Some explain this scarcity as a function of taphonomic issues and sampling, suggesting few kill sites exist because the period of overlap between people and megafauna was so short. For some time, this argument we call the ‘Taphonomic Rebuttal’ has been challenged by observations that many extinct megafauna have rich late Pleistocene fossil records but are nonetheless poorly represented in archaeological contexts. Such analyses also suggest that surviving (extant) megafauna (e.g., deer [Odocoileus], bison [Bison], moose [Alces]) are overrepresented in archaeological faunas of the period relative to those that would ultimately go extinct. We build on these observations using a foraging theory framework that dictates such comparisons between paleontological and archaeological abundance records must be conducted with samples derived from similar chronological and geographical windows. Approached this way, we find that the number of secure archaeological associations known for any given megafauna taxon scales positively with their paleontological abundance. There is thus no systematic difference in the abundances of extant and extinct taxa in archaeological versus paleontological contexts as previous analyses have suggested, and thus no support for the Associational Critique from these data.
ATAV – a comprehensive platform for population-scale genomic analyses

Abstract Background A common approach for sequencing studies is to do joint-calling and store variants of all samples in a single file. If new samples keep being added or controls are re-used for several studies, the cost and time required to perform joint-calling for each analysis can become prohibitive. Results We present ATAV, an analysis platform for large-scale whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing projects. ATAV stores variant and per site coverage data for all samples in a centralized database, which is efficiently queried by ATAV to support diagnostic analyses for trios and singletons, as well as rare-variant collapsing analyses for finding disease associations in complex diseases. Runtime logs ensure full reproducibility and the modularized ATAV framework makes it extensible to continuous development. Besides helping with the identification of disease-causing variants for a range of diseases, ATAV has also enabled the discovery of disease-genes by rare-variant collapsing on datasets containing more than 20,000 samples. Analyses to date have been performed on data of more than 110,000 individuals demonstrating the scalability of the framework. The ATAV data browser (http://atavdb.org/) is a web-based interface that allows users to easily access variant-level data directly from the database. Summary-level data for more than 40,000 samples can be queried by the general public representing a mix of cases and controls of diverse ancestries. Users have access to phenotype categories of variant carriers, as well as predicted ancestry, gender, and quality metrics. In contrast to many other platforms, the data browser is able to show data of newly-added samples in real-time and is therefore evolving rapidly as more and more samples are sequenced. Conclusions Since all code is freely available on GitHub, ATAV can easily be used by other groups to build up their own platform, database, and user interface. In addition to that users can query one of the largest variant databases for patients sequenced at a tertiary care center and look up their own genes or variants of interest.
An Examination of the Barriers to and Facilitators of Implementing Nurse-Driven Protocols to Remove Indwelling Urinary Catheters in Acute Care Hospitals.

Background Urinary catheter nurse-driven protocols (UCNDPs) for removal of indwelling urinary catheters (IUCs) can potentially prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). However, they are used inconsistently. The objective of this study was to examine the barriers to and facilitators of implementation of UCNDPs in acute care hospitals. Methods Between September 2017 and January 2019, researchers interviewed 449 frontline staff (nurses, physicians), managers, and executives from 17 US hospitals to better understand their experiences implementing, using, and overseeing use of UCNDPs. Our semistructured interview guide included questions about management practices and policies regarding enactment of a UCNDP. Results Although the features of UCNDPs differed across hospitals, the analysis revealed that hospitals experienced common issues related to implementing and consistently using UCNDPs as a result of three major barriers: (1) nurse deference to physicians, (2) physician push-back, and (3) miscommunication about IUC removal. Interviewees also described several important facilitators to help overcome these barriers: (1) training care team members to use the UCNDP, (2) discussing IUC necessity and UCNDP use during rounds, (3) reminding care team members to follow UCNDPs, and (4) developing buy-in for UCNDP use across the hospital. Conclusion Although UCNDPs are fundamental in efforts to reduce and prevent CAUTIs, hospitals can proactively support their implementation and use by developing the skills that care team members need to enact UCNDPs when patients meet the clinical indications for removal, and increasing awareness about the value and importance of such protocols for reducing CAUTIs and improving patient safety.
Small anomalies in dry-season greenness and chlorophyll fluorescence for Amazon moist tropical forests during El Niño and La Niña

Abstract The Amazon Basin, a major driver of atmospheric CO2 fluxes, is composed of moist tropical forest (> 2000 mm mean annual precipitation), seasonally moist tropical forests (
Health communication as a curriculum at United States universities

This article analyzes the state of development of communications related to health in universities of the United States of America. This specialty is essential for people's well-being, and it involves interpersonal, organizational, and mass communications. In the United States, communications for health promotion is an area of applied communications with social relevance and generally performed in interdisciplinary settings. A number of universities in the United States offer communications master's degree programs with an emphasis on health. However, so far, the only program with a formal graduate degree in health and communications is one jointly offered by the Emerson University Department of Communications and the Tufts School of Medicine. Developing and including this specialization in the schools of communications in Latin America is crucial to improving the quality of life of the peoples of the continent.
Application of wavelet transforms to ultrasonic NDE and remote-sensing signal analysis

The use of discrete wavelet transforms and the discrete Gabor transforms in the ultrasonic NDE (nondestructive evaluation) and remote-sensing signal characterization and/or classification is considered. Both the NDE and the remote-sensing signals are likely to have multiple components which may be quite suitable for wavelet analysis. For the ultrasonic NDE signals, both the hidden geometrical defects and the composite material defects have been examined by using the wavelet transforms. The first remote-sensing signal considered is a simulated complex radar signal set which is analyzed by the complex Gabor transform. The other remote sensing signal is an infrared data set. It is found that both the discrete Gabor transform and the Daubechies filter coefficients are very useful for improved processing gain and feature effectiveness with the imagery signals so that the target detection and identification capabilities can be enhanced. >
DARWIN'S ANTI-DARWINISM IN EXPRESSION OF THE EMOTIONS IN MAN AND ANIMALS

This chapter reviews Darwin's study of facial expressions in his Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals , 1872. Much of the Expressions volume consists of a cataloging of display movements that show resemblances across species; this was done to collaborate his views that continuity in bodily movements and gestures of humans was a characteristic shared with other species. Darwin proposed that expressions were either accidents of nervous system wiring—direct actions—or vestiges of old habits. The vestigial habits were the behavioral equivalents of the rudimentary, atrophied, or aborted organs, he had cited as evidence for natural selection and against arguments from special creation or directed evolution. He contested that facial expressions did not express emotion; communicative function was restricted to those faces where they were deployed willfully. They simply accompanied emotion by force of habit. Thus, Darwin proposed mutadis mutandis in the context of facial expression. Darwin's strategy of demonstrating nonadaptive nature of expressions succeeded at the cost of forsaking an intrinsic communicative role for facial expressions qua expressions.
norm formulation of model predictive control problems

A general mathematical programming framework for multivariable model predictive control problems is presented. Existing model predicitive formulations, based on 1 and 2-norms (Quadratic Dynamic Matrix, Linear Dynamic Matrix, and Model Algorithmic Control) are discussed within the general framework. A new formulation, based on the ∞-norm, is introduced and developed. The characteristics of this formulation, which make it particularly attractive for the control of chemical processes, are discussed. A simple procedure for the design and implementation of constrainted control systems, based on the Internal Model Control structure, is proposed. A simple example is included to demonstrate this procedure.
The Geography of Executive Compensation

Based on a variety of theoretical motivations, this paper first examines empirically whether geography affects CEO compensation and finds that it does. Specifically, if the CEOs of firms that are geographically-close to CEO i’s firm experience a 1% increase in salary in a given year, CEO i will experience a 0.3% increase in salary the following year ceteris paribus. Based on cash and total compensation, the effects are roughly half and one third the size of the salary effect. These results are obtained while controlling for previously-documented factors that affect CEO compensation – including the average CEO compensation at similar-sized industry peers – and proxies for the cost of living. Similar results are obtained using a variety of alternative specifications, including instrumental variable regressions to deal with potential endogeneity concerns.The paper then examines four possible reasons for geography to affect CEO compensation: local labor market competition for CEOs; local hiring of similar CEOs; the effect of 'leading firms' in the vicinity; and envy among geographically-close CEOs. The results are most consistent with envy.
Abstract 790: A high-throughput chemical screen identifies synergistic activity between neurotransmitter receptor inhibitors and crizotinib in ALK-mutated neuroblastoma

Activating mutations in the anaplastic lymphoma receptor tyrosine kinase (ALK) represent important therapeutic targets in neuroblastoma, a common childhood cancer that accounts for 15% of all pediatric oncology deaths. One of the more common mutations, ALKF1174L, is sensitive to the sole FDA-approved ALK inhibitor, crizotinib, only at high doses and mediates acquired resistance to crizotinib in ALK-rearranged cancers. To identify compounds that would synergize with crizotinib to increase cytotoxicity in neuroblastoma cells, we devised a high-throughput small molecule synergy screen using the ALKF1174L-dependent SH-SY5Y cell line to compare cell viability between screen compound alone and screen compound in combination with crizotinib. Compounds ranged from those with clinical approval and known therapeutic indications to those with only predicted bioactivity. Of ∼10,000 compounds screened, the most recurrent hits included adrenergic and dopaminergic neurotransmitter receptor inhibitors. Validation studies with a candidate dopamine receptor D2 antagonist, chlorpromazine, resulted in increased cytotoxicity when combined with crizotinib over that of either single agent alone. These studies support further pre-clinical efforts to explore the therapeutic potential of combining crizotinib with neurotransmitter receptor inhibitors in ALKF1174L-mutated neuroblastoma. Citation Format: Nathan Moore, Srunphut Pukma, Nathanael Gray, Rani George. A high-throughput chemical screen identifies synergistic activity between neurotransmitter receptor inhibitors and crizotinib in ALK-mutated neuroblastoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 790. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-790