cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Performance Bounds for the Rate-Constrained Universal Decentralized Estimators

We consider decentralized estimation of a noise-corrupted deterministic parameter using a bandwidth-constrained sensor network with a fusion center (FC). Each sensor's noise is additive, zero mean, and independent across sensors. A decentralized estimator is said to be universal if the local sensor quantization rules and the final fusion rule at the FC are independent of sensor noise pdf. Assuming that information rate from each sensor to the FC is constrained to one bit per sample, we derive a Crameacuter-Rao lower bound (CRLB) on the mean-squared error (MSE) performance of a class of rate-constrained universal decentralized estimators. Our results show that if sensor observation noise has finite range in [-U,U], then the minimum MSE performance of any one-bit rate-constrained universal decentralized estimator is at least U2/(4K), where K is the total number sensors. This bound implies that the recently proposed universal decentralized estimators are optimal up to a constant factor of 4
Constraining the boundary between the Sunda and Andaman subduction systems: Evidence from the 2002 Mw 7.3 Northern Sumatra earthquake and aftershock relocations of the 2004 and 2005 great earthquakes

The 2004 M w 9.0 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake initiated along the Andaman subduction zone, north of the last great Sumatra earthquake along the Sunda Trench in 1861. During the 2005 M w 8.7 Banyak Islands earthquake, a portion of the 1861 rupture subsequently failed. The boundary between the 2004 and 2005 ruptures broadly coincides with local trench rotation and the southern edge of the Andaman microplate, which suggests structural control on fault segmentation. Aftershock relocations of the 2004 and 2005 earthquakes show little overlap, and the sharp boundary between the series locates near the 2002 M w 7.3 Northern Sumatra earthquake. We posit that these features represent the southern extent of the stable Andaman microplate, ∼50-100 km northwest of what was previously reported. Broadband analyses of the 2002 earthquake yield a bilateral rupture pattern that is used to model Coulomb stress changes near the 2004 hypocenter to assess stress interactions along adjacent fault segments.
Clomipramine Treatment of Paraphilias in Elderly Demented Patients

Sexually inappropriate conduct often accompanies the disinhibition associated with dementia and neuropsychologic deficits. Management of these behaviors is problematic and time consuming. We report two cases in which paraphilias responded to treatment with clomipramine. This effect was not due to the sexual side effects of the drug (e.g., decreased ability to sustain an erection or orgasm). Careful monitoring of the elderly patient is required during treatment with clomipramine, particularly with regard to orthostasis, the increased risk of falls, and worsened confusion secondary to the potential risks of anticholinergic delirium and toxicity.
Surgery in centenarians.

The 100th anniversary of an individual’s birth still bestows an aura, a mystique, as the centenarian is as close to immortality as a human can be. This special prestige has been afforded the imprimatur of scientific study by Baker [2], who found that centenarians represented a striking exception to the inverted U curve of status across the life-span in Western culture. Baker’s data, derived from factorial survey analysis, fit the postulate that there is an “American arc of life” that gives maximum prestige to middle age and least prestige to young and old persons. Centenarians, however, were given unique status nearly equal to that of middle-aged individuals (Fig. 17.1), because “like four leaf clovers or quintuplets, centenarians are rare.
Tab, a Program Design Language for the classroom

A Program Design Language, or PDL, is a structured and program-like format for prose descriptions of computer algorithms. Syntax rules of the PDL, while few in number and informal in comparison with those of a compiled language, do impose a needed structure on the description, making the flow of control within the algorithm and its division into logically separate parts apparent to the reader.This paper introduces a Program Design Language to be called Tab. The name is suggested by the primary principle of its design: that the grouping of statements into structures be governed by indentations to equally spaced tab positions.
NOTE ON THE D LINE EXCITATION BY THE GREEN SODIUM BAND AND THE DISSOCIATION POTENTIAL OF SODIUM VAPOR.

Finally, I want to thank Dr. G. Holst, Director of the Philips' Laboratory, and Prof. R. A. Millikan, Director of the Norman Bridge Laboratory (where the second part of this work was done), for the opportunity of working in these laboratories, Dr. W. de Groot, Dr. F. M. Penning and Prof. K. T. Compton for their interest in this work and many helpful suggestions. I acknowledge also with pleasure the considerable help given in the experimental work by Mr. J. Moubis, (Philips' Laboratory) and Mr. L. F. Green (Norman Bridge Laboratory). 1 Preliminary abstract presented at the Berkeley Meeting (March 3, 1928) of the American Physical Society, Phys. Rev., 31, 913, 1928. 2 Fellow in Physics of the C. R. B. Educational Foundation. 3 Langmuir and Mott-Smith, G. E. Rev., 27, 449, etc., 1924. 4 Those experiments were started in the spring of 1926 in the Physical Laboratory of the Philips' Glowlampworks, Eindhoven (Holland) at the suggestion of Dr. F. M. Penning. 5 Langmuir, Science, 58, 290, 1923; G. E. Rev., 26, 721, 1923. 6 Schottky and von Issendorff, Zeits. Phys., 26, 85, 1924. 7 Epstein, Verh. D. Phys. Ges., 21, 85, 1919; Langmuir, Phys. Rev., 21, 419, 1923. 8 Penning, Proc. Amsterdam Acad., 31, 14, 1927; Physica, 8, 13, 1928. 9 Webb, Phys. Rev., 24, 113, 1924. 10 Messenger, Ibid., 28, 962, 1926; Coulliette, Ibid., 32, 635, 1928. 11 Morse and Uyterhoeven, Ibid., 31, 827, 1928. We are indebted to Dr. W. de Groot for pointing out an error in this paper in the computation of the average velocity of the ions formed in the sheath. The only effect on the final formulas, however, is a small change in the constants.
Improved performance of micro-fabricated preconcentrators using silica nanoparticles as a surface template

A new approach of enhancing the adsorption capability of the widely used polymer adsorbent Tenax TA poly(2,6-diphenylene oxide) through its deposition on a nano-structured template is reported. The modified Tenax TA-coated silica nanoparticles (SNP) are incorporated as an adsorbent bed in silicon based micro-thermal preconcentrator (μTPC) chips with an array of square microposts embedded inside the cavity and sealed with a Pyrex cover. The interior surface of the chip is first modified by depositing SNP using a layer-by-layer self-assembly technique followed by coating with Tenax TA. The adsorption capacity of the SNP-Tenax TA μTPC is enhanced by as much as a factor of three compared to the one coated solely with thin film Tenax TA for the compounds tested. The increased adsorption ability of the Tenax TA is attributed to the higher surface area provided by the underlying porous SNP coating and the pores between SNPs affecting the morphology of deposited Tenax TA film by bringing nano-scale features into the polymer. In addition, the adsorption ability of the SNP coating as a pseudo-selective inorganic adsorption bed for polar compounds was also observed. The modified Tenax TA-coated SNP μTPC is a promising development toward integrated micro-gas chromatography systems.
On the isomorphism of partially ordered sets

As shown in [1], the existence of a one-to-one order preserving m a p p i n g f from a partially ordered set P onto a partially ordered set Q and a one-to-one order preserving mapping g from Q onto P does not imply that P and Q are isomorphic. Below we show that, under these conditions, P 'and Q are isomorphic provided each is a partially well ordered set. Let us recall that a subset S of a partially ordered set is called diverse if and only if every two distinct elements of S are uncomparable. A partially ordered set is called partially well ordered [2] if and only if it has no infinite strictly decreasing sequence and no infinite diverse subset. Let (M, ~<) be a partially ordered set which has no infinite strictly decreasing sequence. Motivated by the canonical decomposition [2] of a partially well ordered set, we define a minimal decomposition of (M, ~< ) as follows. Exactly, as in [2], for every ordinal u we let: M u = {x ] x is a minimal element of M I._J Mi}. (1) i < u I f My = 0 for some ordinal v then
Neuromemristive Extreme Learning Machines for Pattern Classification

This paper presents a novel neuromemristive architecture for pattern classification based on extreme learning machines (ELMs). Specifically, we propose CMOS current-mode neuron circuits, memristor-based bipolar synapse circuits, and a stochastic, hardware-friendly training approach based on the least-mean-squares (LMS) learning algorithm. These components are integrated into a current-mode ELM architecture. We show that the current-mode design is especially efficient for implementing constant network weights between the ELM's input and hidden layers. The neuromemristive ELM was simulated in the Cadence AMS design environment. We used an experimental memristor model based on experimental data from an HfO_{x} device. The top-level design was validated by training a 10 hidden-node network to detect edges in binary patterns. Results indicate that the proposed architecture and learning approach are able to yield 100% classification accuracy.
A learning-based approach to estimate statistics of operators in continuous queries: a case study

Statistic estimation such as output size estimation of operators is a well-studied subject in the database research community, mainly for the purpose of query optimization. The assumption, however, is that queries are ad-hoc and therefore the emphasis has been on capturing the data distribution. When long standing continuous queries on a changing database are concerned, a more direct approach, namely building an estimation model for each operator, is possible. In this paper, we propose a novel learning-based method. Our method consists of two steps. The first step is to design a dedicated feature extraction algorithm that can be used incrementally to obtain feature values from the underlying data. The second step is to use a data mining algorithm to generate an estimation model based on the feature values extracted from the historical data. To illustrate the approach, this paper studies the case of similarity-based searches over streaming time series. Experimental results show this approach provides accurate statistic estimates with a low overhead.
Primary care-mental health integration programs in the veterans affairs health system serve a different patient population than specialty mental health clinics.

Objective: To assess whether Primary Care–Mental Health Integration (PC-MHI) programs within the Veterans Affairs (VA) health system provide services to patient subgroups that may be underrepresented in specialty mental health care, including older patients and women, and to explore whether PC-MHI served individuals with less severe mental health disorders compared to specialty mental health clinics. Method: Data were obtained from the VA National Patient Care Database for a random sample of VA patients, and primary care patients with an ICD-9-CM mental health diagnosis (N = 243,806) in 2009 were identified. Demographic and clinical characteristics between patients who received mental health treatment exclusively in a specialty mental health clinic (n = 128,248) or exclusively in a PC-MHI setting (n = 8,485) were then compared. Characteristics of patients who used both types of services were also explored. Results: Compared to patients treated in specialty mental health clinics, PC-MHI service users were more likely to be aged 65 years or older (26.4% vs 17.9%, P < .001) and female (8.6% vs 7.7%, P = .003). PC-MHI patients were more likely than specialty mental health clinic patients to be diagnosed with a depressive disorder other than major depression, an unspecified anxiety disorder, or an adjustment disorder (P < .001) and less likely to be diagnosed with more severe disorders, including bipolar disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, psychotic disorders, and alcohol or substance dependence (P < .001). Conclusions: Primary Care–Mental Health Integration within the VA health system reaches demographic subgroups that are traditionally less likely to use specialty mental health care. By treating patients with less severe mental health disorders, PC-MHI appears to expand upon, rather than duplicate, specialty care services.
Computer Simulation of Impedance Spectroscopy in Two Dimensions: Application to Cement Paste

A random 2-D digital-image-based microstructural model is used to simulate impedance spectroscopy of cement paste. Results of these simulations are used to interpret previous experimental results. The main features of the impedance spectra of cement paste are the result of the composite nature of cement paste; in other words, the electrical response varies as different phases, each with its own specific electrical properties, are consumed and generated. Percolation theory is invoked to help explore certain relationships between two- and three-dimensional analysis.
Sea-floor observations in the tongue of the ocean, Bahamas: An Argo/SeaMARC survey

SeaMARC side-scan sonographs and Argo video and photographic data suggest that the recent sedimentary environment of the floor of the Tongue of the Ocean is controlled by an interplay of turbidity current flow from the south, sediment spill-over from the carbonate platform to the east (windward side), and rock falls from the west carbonate escarpment (lee side). The spill-over forms a sandy sedimentary deposit that acts as a topographic obstruction to the turbidity current flow from the south. This obstruction is expressed by the westward migration of a northwest-southeast oriented turbidity-current-cut channel.
Initial presentation of acute transverse myelitis in systemic lupus erythematosus: demographics, diagnosis, management and comparison to idiopathic cases

To describe and compare the diagnosis, demographics and management of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) related versus idiopathic acute transverse myelitis during the initial presentation of the disease. We undertook a chart review of the hospital records of patients admitted to our hospital from 1994 until 2007 and had the diagnosis of SLE related and idiopathic acute transverse myelitis. Demographics, laboratory and imaging studies, diagnosis and treatment were recorded in both groups and analyzed in a case control fashion. We identified 15 patients with SLE-related acute transverse myelitis (SLE-ATM) and 39 idiopathic (I-ATM) cases between 1994 and 2007. Patients with SLE were more likely to be African American, have CNS demyelinating lesions on MRI, a high IgG% on their CSF analysis and a higher sedimentation rate on presentation. Treatment with high-dose steroids was instituted in both groups of patients, though SLE patients had a longer hospital stay by an average of 5 days. SLE-ATM patients were more likely to be African American as compared to I-ATM patients, have CNS demyelinating lesions on MRI, a high IgG% on CSF analysis and a higher sedimentation rate on presentation. The hospital stay for SLE patients was 5 days longer than the idiopathic patients. This study underlines the importance of early diagnosis of patients who develop ATM related to SLE.
A computational model for assessing impact of interfacial morphology on polymer electrolyte fuel cell performance

Abstract A two-dimensional, non-isothermal, anisotropic numerical model is developed to investigate the impact of the interfacial morphology between the micro-porous layer (MPL) and the catalyst layer (CL) on the polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) performance. The novel feature of the model is the inclusion of directly measured surface morphological information of the MPL and the CL. The interfacial morphology of the MPL and the CL was experimentally characterized and integrated into the computational framework, as a discrete interfacial layer. To estimate the impact of MPL|CL interfacial surface morphology on local ohmic, thermal and mass transport losses, two different model schemes, one with the interface layer and one with the traditionally used perfect contact are compared. The results show a ∼54 mV decrease in the performance of the cell due to the addition of interface layer at 1 A cm−2. Local voids present at the MPL|CL interface are found to increase ohmic losses by ∼37 mV. In-plane conductivity adjacent to the interface layer is determined to be the key controlling parameter which governs this additional interfacial ohmic loss. When the interfacial voids are simulated to be filled with liquid water, the overpotential on the cathode side is observed to increase by ∼25 mV. Local temperature variation of up to 1 °C is also observed at the region of contact between the MPL and the CL, but has little impact on predicted voltage.
Indoor Air Pollution and Childhood Asthma: Effective Environmental Interventions

Exposure to indoor air pollutants such as tobacco smoke and dust mites may exacerbate childhood asthma. Environmental interventions to reduce exposures to these pollutants can help prevent exacerbations of the disease. Among the most important interventions is the elimination of environmental tobacco smoke from the environments of children with asthma. However, the effectiveness of reducing asthmatic children's exposure to environmental tobacco smoke on the severity of their symptoms has not yet been systematically evaluated. Dust mite reduction is another helpful environmental intervention. This can be achieved by enclosing the child's mattresses, blankets, and pillows in zippered polyurethane-coated casings. Primary prevention of asthma is not as well understood. It is anticipated that efforts to reduce smoking during pregnancy could reduce the incidence of asthma in children. European studies have suggested that reducing exposure to food and house dust mite antigens during lactation and for the first 12 months of life diminishes the development of allergic disorders in infants with high total IgE in the cord blood and a family history of atopy. Many children with asthma and their families are not receiving adequate counseling about environmental interventions from health care providers or other sources.
Platform-independent accessibility API: accessible document object model

This paper addresses the problem of supporting accessibility in applications that run in multiple operating environments. It analyzes the commonalities of existing platform-specific Accessibility APIs, and defines a platform-independent accessibility API, the Accessible DOM.The Accessible DOM encompasses the features of existing APIs and overcomes the limitations of existing APIs to express dynamic, complex document contents.The Accessible DOM can be used to support existing and future platform-specific accessibility APIs. It will also allow the development of platform-independent accessibility clients.
The Role of Principal Angles in Subspace Classification

Subspace models play an important role in a wide range of signal processing tasks, and this paper explores how the pairwise geometry of subspaces influences the probability of misclassification. When the mismatch between the signal and the model is vanishingly small, the probability of misclassification is determined by the product of the sines of the principal angles between subspaces. When the mismatch is more significant, the probability of misclassification is determined by the sum of the squares of the sines of the principal angles. Reliability of classification is derived in terms of the distribution of signal energy across principal vectors. Larger principal angles lead to smaller classification error, motivating a linear transform that optimizes principal angles. The transform presented here (TRAIT) preserves some specific characteristic of each individual class, and this approach is shown to be complementary to a previously developed transform (LRT) that enlarges inter-class distance while suppressing intraclass dispersion. Theoretical results are supported by demonstration of superior classification accuracy on synthetic and measured data even in the presence of significant model mismatch.
Percutaneous musculoskeletal biopsy.

c a F m s p c t i ( f m f HE RADIOLOGIST’S involvement in percutaneous musculoskeletal biopsies is ever inreasing, and biopsy techniques using fluoroscopy, omputed tomography (CT), ultrasound, and magetic resonance imaging (MRI) have obviated the eed for many open surgical biopsies.1-8 Almost ny part of the musculoskeletal system can be ccessed by a percutaneous route, and the majority f these biopsies can be easily and safely perormed by an experienced physician. There are ultiple benefits associated with percutaneous bipsies: a 3to 5-fold increase in cost-effectiveness ver open biopsy,9-11 minimal activity limitation fter the procedure, a rapid recovery time, quicker nitiation of patient treatment, and assistance with perative planning.4,6,12-14 Contrary to open bipsy, percutaneous biopsy does not likely result in he weakening of bone structures, particularly in eight-bearing areas, thus avoiding the need for mmobilization.14-16 A percutaneous biopsy is relatively easy to erform and with proper technique has a low omplication rate. However, Mankin et al13 reorted on the hazards of percutaneous biopsy in a tudy of 597 patients revealing 13.5% major errors n diagnosis, 15.9% complication rate, and 3% nnecessary amputation. They reported higher ates in nonspecialized oncology centers and recmmended that an institution that is not equipped o perform accurate diagnostic studies or definitive urgery and adjunctive treatment should refer the atient to specialized centers. Thus, performing a ercutaneous musculoskeletal biopsy requires an nderstanding of various concepts including: leion imaging appearance, imaging guidance, bipsy tools, potential complications, and patient reatment plans. Maintaining procedure safety and ccuracy requires close interaction between the adiologist and the referring services, such as the rthopedic oncology surgeon, oncologist and or-
Psychoanalysis Formalization and Logic and the Question of Speaking and Affect

This paper examines the decision within Lacanian psychoanalysis to formalize the theory of psychoanalytic praxis. The intrinsic problematics of analysis, the place of authority, unconscious knowled...
AN ANALYSIS OF GRAFT-VERSUS-HOST DISEASE IN SYRIAN HAMSTERS I. THE EPIDERMOLYTIC SYNDROME: DESCRIPTION AND STUDIES ON ITS PROCUREMENT

F(1) hybrid hamsters derived from genetically disparate strains develop a severe and often lethal cutaneous disorder when inoculated intracutaneously with immunologically competent lymphoid cells from either parental strain, The disease is characterized clinically by extensive epidermal necrolysis, and histologically by a complete dissolution of the dermal-epidermal junction. The requisites for elicitation of this syndrome were determined to be: (a) the parental strains must differ from each other at a major histocompatibility locus, and (b) the donor inoculum must contain immunologically competent parental strain cells. In addition it was found that specifically sensitized cells surpassed normal unsensitized ones in their ability to elicit the disease, and that the disease can be transferred adoptively from affected to normal F(1) hosts by means of lymphoid cells. On the basis of these observations, it was concluded that the disease was immunologic in nature, and graft-versus-host in type. However, a series of critical studies failed to demonstrate that the epidermolysis had an immunogenetically specific basis, thus invalidating the provisional assumption that this lesion resulted from a direct immunologic attack upon parenchymal cells of the epidermis and dermis. With the aid of radiation chimeras, it was clearly established that typical epidermolysis could be induced in skin of the same genetic constitution as the attacking donor lymphoid cells. This paradox was taken into account by the possibility that, amid the intense local cutaneous graft-versus-host reactions, "skin-specific" antigenic determinants are bared which incite a quasi autoimmune response that in turn is responsible for the epidermolytic lesions.
Caspase-mediated protein kinase C-δ cleavage is necessary for apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells

Apoptotic death of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) is a prominent feature of blood vessel remodeling and various vascular diseases. We have previously shown that protein kinase C-δ (PKC-δ) plays a critical role in SMC apoptosis. In this study, we tested the importance of PKC-δ proteolytic cleavage and tyrosine phosphorylation within the apoptosis pathway. Using hydrogen peroxide as a paradigm for oxidative stress, we showed that proteolytic cleavage of PKC-δ occurred in SMCs that underwent apoptosis, while tyrosine phosphorylation was detected only in necrotic cells. Furthermore, using a peptide (z-DIPD-fmk) that mimics the caspase-3 binding motif within the linker region of PKC-δ, we were able to prevent the cleavage of PKC-δ, as well as apoptosis. Inhibition of PKC-δ with rottlerin or small-interfering RNA diminished caspase-3 cleavage, caspase-3 activity, cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, cleavage of PKC-δ, and DNA fragmentation, confirming the previously reported role of PKC-δ in initiation of apoptosis. In contrast, z-DIPD-fmk markedly diminished caspase-3 activity, cleavage of PKC-δ, and DNA fragmentation without affecting cleavage of caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. Taken together, our data suggest that caspase-3-mediated PKC-δ cleavage underlies SMC apoptosis induced by oxidative stress, and that PKC-δ acts both upstream and downstream of caspase-3.
Propofol-Induced Dystonia: A Case Report and a Review of the Literature

AbstractPurpose: To report a case of acute dystonia that appears related to the use of propofol in a patient with epilepsy and to report its successful management by diphenhydramine.Clinical features: A 16-year-old white male with a history of left posterior temporal neocortical onset seizures underwent epilepsy surgery. Preoperative antiepileptic maintenance medications included phenytoin and lamictal. A limited posterior temporal resection (topectomy) was performed, and propofol (Diprivan®) was used to supplement the local anesthesia. During the surgery the patient developed prominent orofacial and extremity dystonia with forced, maximal mouth opening during speech and leg jerking. The movements were associated with agitation and confusion. Following surgery administration of intravenous fos-phenytoin resulted in an exacerbation of the movement disorder. The patient responded favorably to intravenous diphenhydramine therapy; the involuntary movements and confusion abated completely over a 3-hour period....
Thyroxine-Protein Interactions. VII. Effect of Thyroxine Analogs on the Binding of 125I-Thyroxine to Highly Purified Human Thyroxine-Binding Globulin

The relative ability of various thyroxine analogs to displace 125I-labeled thyroxine (125I-T4) from highly purified thyroxine-bindbinding globulin (TBG) has been studied. As had been observed previously (J Biol Chem 243: 2247, 1968), the binding capacity of the final purified TBG product was appreciably less than 1 mole thyroxine/mole protein. Purified TBG was labile and lost thyroxine-binding activity gradually during storage. Nevertheless, the TBG still retained sufficient thyroxine-binding activity to be used in competitive binding experiments. Assay for free and bound thyroxine in mixtures was done by electrophoresis in starch gel at pH 8.6. The strongest competitors in decreasing order of effectiveness were: L-thyroxine > N-acetyl-L-thyroxine > tetraiodothyroacetic acid, D-thyroxine, tetrabromothyronine> N-acetyl-L-thy roxine ethyl ester >L-triiodothyronine. Based on these results and the relative competitive effects of other analogs, it was concluded that all 4 halogens, either iodines or bromines, ...
Replicated indexes for distributed data

The author describes a distributed index structure, in which data is distributed among multiple sites and indexes to the data are replicated over multiple sites. This permits good scalability as storage and accessing load are distributed over the sites and each site with an index replica has fast local access to the index structure, making remote requests at most for data at the leaves of the index tree. He calls his method the dPi-tree because it is based on the Pi-tree. He replicates the index without the need for coherence messages. This works whether the index replica is persistent or a transient cached copy. He generalizes a technique first used to provide recovery for Pi-tree indexes to independently and lazily maintain the index replicas. A further result is that each index replica is fully recoverable, an area not treated previously in replication schemes. He also shows how the data in the leaves of the index can be distributed and re-distributed at very low cost.
Status Concordance, Coordination, and Success in Interdisciplinary Research Terms

The dynamics of status concordance theory are explored in a heterogeneous sample of 67 ongoing interdisciplinary research teams in universities. This theory implies positive relationships between concordance and coordination, coordination and success, and a positive but spurious correlation between concordance and success. Our findings show coordination posi-tively related to success at all stages of team development; concordance positively related to coordination only during early phases of team develop-ment; concordance positively related to success for young teams, unrelated for middle-aged teams, and negatively related for older teams. These patterns remain with coordination statistically controlled. We conclude that status concordance can depress as well as elevate a team's overall success, and that external status criteria play a decreasingly important role in the co-ordination of interdisciplinary teams.
Improving the efficiency of circuit-to-BDD conversion by gate and input ordering

Boolean functions are fundamental to synthesis and verification of digital logic, and compact representations of Boolean functions have great practical significance. Popular representations, such as CNF, DNF, circuits and ROBDDs [4], offer different advantages and are preferred for different tasks. Conversion between those representations is common, especially when one is used to represent the input and another speeds up relevant algorithms. Our work addresses the construction of ROBDDs that represent outputs of a given Boolean circuit. It is used in synthesis and verification. Earlier works (Fujita, Fujisawa, and Kawato, 1988. Malik et al., 1988.) proposed ordering circuit inputs and gates by graph traversals. We contribute orderings based on circuit partitioning and placement, leveraging the progress in recursive bisection and multi-level min-cut partitioning achieved in late 1990s. Our empirical results show that the proposed orderings based on circuit partitioning and placement are more successful than straightforward DFS and BFS, as well as related heuristics.
Mixed mu upper bound computation

Computation of the mixed real and complex mu upper bound expressed in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) is considered. Two existing methods are used, the Osborne (1960) method for balancing matrices, and the method of centers as proposed by Boyd and El Ghaoui (1991). These methods are compared, and a hybrid algorithm that combines the best features of each is proposed. Numerical experiments suggest that this hybrid algorithm provides an efficient method to compute the upper bound for mixed mu . >
Short-Term Synaptic Depression Is Topographically Distributed in the Cochlear Nucleus of the Chicken

In the auditory system, sounds are processed in parallel frequency-tuned circuits, beginning in the cochlea. Activity of auditory nerve fibers reflects this frequency-specific topographic pattern, known as tonotopy, and imparts frequency tuning onto their postsynaptic target neurons in the cochlear nucleus. In birds, cochlear nucleus magnocellularis (NM) neurons encode the temporal properties of acoustic stimuli by “locking” discharges to a particular phase of the input signal. Physiological specializations exist in gradients corresponding to the tonotopic axis in NM that reflect the characteristic frequency (CF) of their auditory nerve fiber inputs. One feature of NM neurons that has not been investigated across the tonotopic axis is short-term synaptic plasticity. NM offers a rather homogeneous population of neurons with a distinct topographical distribution of synaptic properties that is ideal for the investigation of specialized synaptic plasticity. Here we demonstrate for the first time that short-term synaptic depression (STD) is expressed topographically, where unitary high CF synapses are more robust with repeated stimulation. Correspondingly, high CF synapses drive spiking more reliably than their low CF counterparts. We show that postsynaptic AMPA receptor desensitization does not contribute to the observed difference in STD. Further, rate of recovery from depression, a presynaptic property, does not differ tonotopically. Rather, we show that another presynaptic feature, readily releasable pool (RRP) size, is tonotopically distributed and inversely correlated with vesicle release probability. Mathematical model results demonstrate that these properties of vesicle dynamics are sufficient to explain the observed tonotopic distribution of STD.
Pindar, O . 2.83–90

According to the traditional interpretation of these celebrated lines, Pindar is saying here that while the wise can understand his poetry by themselves, the mass of his listeners need interpreters if they are to do so; he then goes on to contrast inferior poets, who can sing only ineffectually and only what they have learned, with the poet of natural genius, who surpasses them as the eagle surpasses the crows; and finally he returns to the subject at hand, the praise of the victorious Theron of Acragas. Sandys' Loeb translation may be taken as a representative example:Full many a swift arrow have I beneath mine arm, within my quiver, many an arrow that is vocal to the wise; but for the crowd they need interpreters. The true poet is he who knoweth much by gift of nature, but they that have only learnt the lore of song, and are turbulent and intemperate of tongue, like a pair of crows, chatter in vain against the god—like bird of Zeus.Now, bend thy bow toward the mark! tell me, my soul, whom are we essaying to hit, while we now shoot forth our shafts of fame from the quiver of a friendly heart?Construed in this way, this passage has always been especially popular with scholars and with other readers — not surprisingly, for the former could find in it a justification for their activity as ⋯ρμηνeῖς, while the latter could pride themselves on belonging to the συνeτοί.
Why study a Greek vase-painter?–a response to Whitley's ‘Beazley as theorist’

John Oakley defends the legacy of Beazley in response to James Whitley's recent analysis of Beazley and his followers (ANTIQUITY 72: 40–47). The debate demonstrates how influential some past figures of archaeological methodology still are, and how diverse are the approaches of modern scholars in interpreting and using their legacy.
Assessing the potential for effective collaborative resource management of Costa Rica's Central Pacific scarlet macaw population

vi Acknowledgements viii List of Figures ix List of Tables x Abbreviations and Acronyms xiii Chapter
Failure at the Effector Phase: Immune Resistance in the Tumor Microenvironment

PL05-03 The ability of CD8+ T cells from the immune system to recognize specific antigens on tumor cells and promote their killing is a clear example of targeted therapy for cancer. Increasing the frequency of such tumor antigen-specific T cells has been the goal of cancer vaccines and adoptive T cell transfer. However, for those cells to be effective, they need to home to tumor sites and migrate into the tumor mass. This process is driven by specific chemokines, and recent evidence suggests that some metastatic melanomas express key chemokines for effector T cell recruitment while others do not. In addition to migration, the T cells must maintain key functional properties following arrival within the tumor microenvironment. Recent evidence has indicated that metastatic melanomas and other cancers contain potent immunosuppressive mechanisms that appear to inhibit T cell function. These include the tryptophan-depleting enzyme indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase, the inhibitory ligand PD-L1, the presence of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells, and the process of T cell anergy due to low expression of B7 costimulatory ligands. Preclinical models have confirmed that strategies to improve T cell migration into tumor sites, as well as to interfere with the above mechanisms of immune suppression, can improve immune-mediated tumor rejection in vivo. Clinical translation of such approaches is in the development phase and represents a set of new interventions to improve anti-tumor immunity at the level of the tumor microenvironment in patients.
Race Discrimination, Racial Socialization, and Offending Trends Among African American College Students: A Test of the Theory of African American Offending

The present study tests several key concepts of the theory of African American offending. It uses intra-racial correlational and regression analyses to explore the relationship between perceptions of discrimination, racial socialization (RS), and offending among African American college students. The findings indicate perceptions of discrimination have a significant impact on offending. Students who were more likely to perceive situations as discriminatory were more likely to report offending behavior. Racial Socialization did not buffer the deleterious impact of discrimination and reduce offending. Directions for future research also are discussed.
Discovery of Locatable Minerals

There are four basic requirements for making a valid mining location. (1) The location must be made on unappropriated public domain; (2) the lands must not have been withdrawn from mineral entry; (3) the mining claim must be based on a discovery of a valuable mineral deposit other than a common variety or those covered by the federal mineral leasing acts; and (4) the claim boundaries must be marked and a notice posted and recorded.
Construction of P-Minimal Models Using Paraconsistent Relational Model

Positive extended disjunctive deductive databases are those that contain explicit negation both in the head and body of the clauses. For such databases, paraconsistent minimal models (p-minimal models) have been proposed based on multi-valued logic (four-valued logic). Moreover, the paraconsistent relational model is also based on four-valued logic. In this paper, we propose an algorithm, which converts clauses to equations and solves it, to find p-minimal models using the paraconsistent relational model. In order to accomplish that, we use disjunctive paraconsistent relation model.
Gender Expectations: Slippery Rungs on the Corporate Ladder

Abstract Is legitimation by promotion to a high-status managerial position a key to removing sex-based differences in performance expectations? We argue that promotion within an organization is not sufficient; rather, performance expectations are affected by the cause attributed for appointment to a given position. If the legitimizing authority is believed to be constrained in the ability to appoint on the basis of competence, then the diffuse status characteristic, sex, will result in differentiated performance expectations for females compared to males. If constraints are absent, there should be no sex differences. Although we find no sex by cause interaction effects on any measure of performance expectation, the perceived cause for the promotion affects one measure of performance expectation — actual control over others. In addition, the cause attributed for the promotion does have significant main effects on respondents' ratings which reflect expected organizational power and integration in the organi...
Bromocriptine stimulates testosterone production by mouse testes in vitro.

The production of testosterone (T) by decapsulated mouse testes in vitro was significantly stimulated by 2-Br-α-ergocriptine (bromocriptine) at concentrations ranging from 1ng/ml to 5μg/ml. In the presence of a low dose of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), bromocriptine produced a further increase in T production, whereas in the presence of a high concentration of hCG it was ineffective. It is suggested that a direct stimulatory effect of bromocriptine on testicular steroidogenesis may contribute to its therapeutic effects in hyperprolactinemic men.
Advances and Challenges in Inferences for Elliptically Contoured t Distributions

When a multivariate elliptical such as t response is taken from each of n individuals, the inference for the parameters of the t distribution including the location (or regression effects), scale and degrees of freedom (or shape) depends on the assumption whether n multi-dimensional responses are independent or uncorrelated but dependent. In the former case, that is, when responses are independent, the exact sampling theory based inference is extremely complicated, whereas in the later case the derivation of the exact sampling distributions for the standard statistics is manageable but the estimators based on certain standard statistics such as sample covariance matrix may be inconsistent for the respective parameters. In this paper we provide a detailed discussion on the advances and challenges in inferences using uncorrelated but dependent t samples. We then propose a clustered regression model where the multivariate t responses in the cluster are uncorrelated but such clustered responses are taken from a large number of independent individuals. The inference including the consistent estimation of the parameters of this proposed model is also presented.
Supermodular network games

We study supermodular games on graphs as a benchmark model of cooperation in networked systems. In our model, each agent's payoff is a function of the aggregate action of its neighbors and it exhibits strategic complementarity. We study the largest Nash equilibrium which, in turn, is the Pareto optimal equilibrium in the presence of positive externalities. We show that the action of a node in the largest NE depends on its centrality in the network. In particular, the action of nodes that are in the k-core of the graph is lower bounded by a threshold that is nondecreasing in k. The main insight of the result is that the degree of a node may not be the right indicator of the strength and influence of a node in the equilibrium. We also consider Bayesian supermodular games on networks, in which each node knows only its own degree. In this setting, we show that the largest symmetric Bayesian equilibrium is monotone in the edge perspective degree distribution.
Thioether-functionalized picolinium ionic liquids: synthesis, physical properties and computational studies

A series of ionic liquids containing 3- and 4-picolinium cations appended to thioether side chain moieties was constructed via the thiol–ene “click” reaction. Their structure–property relationships were comprehensively investigated by studying the temperature transition region (melting points and glass transition temperatures) and heat capacity and the experimental results were fully supported by theoretical studies. The synthesized ionic liquids are melted below 20.2 °C. Also, the impact of varying chain length, type of cations (picolinium vs. imidazolium) and the position of methyl group on the ring on their thermal and thermophysical properties were explored. According to the collected data, the glass transition temperature values of the picolinium-based ionic liquids with odd-number chains is lower than the even-number ones, which shows that the even-number moieties have more organized structures. And the miscibility of selected ionic liquids in water (polar) and heptane (nonpolar) solvents were quantified.
Implementing dictionary learning in Apache Flink, Or: How I learned to relax and love iterations

The authors evaluate the use of Apache Flink, a novel data analysis framework offering optimizations over competitors such as Apache Spark, in order to use a rank-1 dictionary learning (r1DL) algorithm to decompose fMRI data. We first expand the functionality of the Flink Python API in order to accommodate the implementation of rank-1 dictionary learning, a model for decomposing a large matrix. Iterative algorithms, aggregators, and other features are added to the incomplete Python API, and the experiences and lessons learned are described. Using these features, we port an existing implementation of r1DL from using the Python API of Apache Spark to using the Python API of Apache Flink. In preliminary testing, this implementation suggests performance boosts over Spark for large input files, meriting further research. We conclude that Flink is likely a feasible tool for the application of dictionary learning to decompose fMRI data, and we continue to evaluate and apply it.
Intersectionality in Student Affairs: Perspective from a Senior Student Affairs Officer

The author draws upon over four decades of experience in student affairs administration to investigate how senior student affairs officers can incorporate intersectionality into comprehensive and targeted decision-making processes, strategic planning, and organizational considerations.
Fluorination of Lithium-Excess Transition Metal Oxide Cathode Materials

Fluorination of Li-ion cathode materials is of significant interest as it is claimed to lead to significant improvements in long-term reversible capacity. However, the mechanism by which LiF incorporates and improves performance remains uncertain. Indeed, recent evidence suggests that fluorine is often present as a coating layer rather than incorporated into the bulk of the material. In this work, first-principles calculations are used to investigate the thermodynamics of fluorination in transition metal oxide cathodes to determine the conditions under which bulk fluorination is possible. It is found that unlike classic well-ordered cathodes, which cannot incorporate fluorine, disordered rock salt-structured materials achieve significant fluorination levels due to the presence of locally metal-poor, lithium-rich environments that are highly preferred for fluorine. As well as explaining the fluorination process in known materials, this finding is encouraging for the development of new disordered rock salt lithium-excess transition metal oxides, a promising new class of Li-ion battery cathode materials that offer superior practical capacity to traditional layered oxides. In particular, it is found that bulk fluorination may serve as an alternative source of Li-excess in these compounds that can replace the conventional substitution of a heavy redox-inactive element on the transition metal sublattice.