cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Rotation planar chromatography coupled on-line with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry.

The coupling of a rotation planar preparative thin-layer chromatography system on-line with mass spectrometry is demonstrated using a simple plumbing scheme and a self-aspirating heated nebulizer probe of a corona discharge atmospheric pressure chemical ionization source. The self-aspiration of the heated nebulizer delivers ∼20 μL/min of the 3.0 mL/min eluate stream to the mass spectrometer, eliminating the need for an external pump in the system. The viability of the coupling is demonstrated with a three-dye mixture composed of fat red 7B, solvent green 3, and solvent blue 35 separated and eluted from a silica gel-coated rotor using toluene. The real-time characterization of the dyes eluting from the rotor is illustrated in positive ion full-scan mode. Other self-aspirating ion source systems including atmospheric pressure photoionization, electrospray ionization, and inductively coupled plasma ionization, for example, might be configured and used in a similar manner coupled to the chromatograph to expan...
Everything Old is New Again

In 1988 the Department of Health and Human Services released its final report from the Secretary’s Commission on Nursing that identified problems and made recommendations related to the recruitment and retention of registered nurses. At the close of the 2001 legislative session the Nurse Reinvestment Act passed, calling for a National Commission on the Recruitment and Retention of Nurses. Looking at the work of the 1988 commission can provide an important starting point and framework for the new commission. The nursing profession must demonstrate the political will to transform the recommendations from these commissions into policy initiatives.
Digitized Printed Discharge Planes and Their Operation at Rapid Rates

During the last two years the development of digitized discharge planes at Brookhaven National Laboratory for operation as particle hodoscopes at rapid rates evolved from small copper wire planes to larger aluminum wire planes and later to printed circuit type thin-wall planes, which are presently in use in experiments described elsewhere in this journal.? Construction of the printed circuit planes, design of the vacuum tube pulsers and factors affecting operation of the planes are described. Attainment of a short recovrery time after a spark depends on operating with reasonably low energy in the spark, absorbing the spark energy left in the gas with quenching vapor, and applying pulsed positive ion drift fields for a preset time following the spark. Recovery time can be of the order of 20? sec in neonheliur alcohol mnixtures. Factors which affect multiplane system performance at high rates are discussed.
New linear codes constructed by concatenating, extending, and shortening methods (Corresp.)

Blokh and Zyablov's concatenating method, constructions X, Y1 of Sloane et al., and AIItop's construction XX are applied to various codes to obtain new binary linear codes. These codes improve on the recent updated Helgert-Stinaff table of Verhoeff.
Some properties of extremal solutions of zero-sum differential games

Necessary conditions for infinite-time linear-quadratic two-player differential games with perfect state information are examined in the light of Willems' work on the algebraic Riccati equation [1]. Necessary conditions for the nonzero-sum game do not always reduce precisely to those of the zero-sum game, when the weighting parameters of the cost index are taken as those of a zero-sum game. Formulation of zero-sum game problems in extended L2-spaces reveals the existence of nonstabilizing but infimal controls, and explicit frequency-domain conditions for existence of solutions and stabilizing solutions are established through the algebraic Riccati equation (ARE).
Effect of Teachers' Empathy on Students' Motivation

The present study investigates whether teachers' empathy toward students affects students' motivation. The Teacher Empathy Questionnaire and the Multi-dimensional Motivational Instrument were administered to 83 students in Grades 3 to 8 from a metropolitan inner-city parochial school. The analyses indicate that teachers' empathy significantly affected students' post-academic self-concept and post-achievement motivation, even after controlling for the effects of students' prior motivation.
Effects of respiratory alkalosis on thromboxane-induced pulmonary hypertension in piglets.

ABSTRACT: Acute hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction is attenuated by respiratory alkalosis. It is unknown if alkalosis similarly reduces pulmonary vasoconstriction produced by thromboxane A2. Respiratory alkalosis does not always attenuate persistent pulmonary hypertension in newborns, some of whom have elevated serum thromboxane B2 levels. We hypothesized that alkalosis attenuates thromboxane-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction less than it does hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in infants. Hemodynamic responses to respiratory alkalosis during pulmonary vasoconstriction produced in random order by breathing 12% inspired oxygen and by infusing 0.1 μg/kg/min of the thromboxane-mimetic U46,619 were compared in eight 2-wk-old piglets. Hypoxia increased mean pulmonary artery pressure from 12 ± 3 to 29 ± 2 mm Hg and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) from 11 ± 4 to 25 ± 8 mmHg/L/min; U46,619 increased pulmonary artery pressure from 16 ± 5 to 37 ± 6 mm Hg and PVR from 14 ± 5 to 51 ± 17 mm Hg/liter/min. U46,619 also decreased cardiac output accounting in part for the greater increase in PVR compared to hypoxia-induced vasoconstriction. Respiratory alkalosis decreased PVR to 14 ± 6 mm Hg/liter/min during exposure to hypoxia and to 28 ± 9 mm Hg/liter/min during infusion of U46,619. In six additional piglets with U46,619-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction, the effects of lung stretch and hypocapnic alkalosis were separated by doubling tidal volume and then adding inspired CO2 to return PaCO2 to prehyperventilation levels. Respiratory alkalosis decreased PVR from 52 ± 36 to 35 ± 21 mm Hg/liter/min. Despite the increased tidal volume, PVR increased to 53 ± 35 Hg/liter/min when PaCO2 returned to 44 ± 5 mm Hg. Respiratory alkalosis rather than lung stretch reduces thromboxane-induced and hypoxia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction by equal proportions.
Chemotherapeutic effects of 4-isothiocyanato-4′-nitrodiphenylamine (C9333-Go/CGP 4540) on infections withNematospiroides dubius, Hymenolepis diminuta, Hymenolepis nana andSpirometra mansonoides

4-Isothiocyanato-4′-nitrodiphenylamine possessed anthelmintic activity againstNippostrongylus dubius andHymenolepis nana in mice andH. diminuta in rats as determined by both egg counts and recovery of parasites at autopsy. No activity was detected against the cestode,Spirometra mansonoides, in cats.
The Inhibition of N2O5 Hydrolysis in Sulfuric Acid by 1-Butanol and 1-Hexanol Surfactant Coatings

Gas−liquid scattering experiments are used to measure the fraction of N2O5 molecules that are converted to HNO3 after colliding with 72 wt % H2SO4 containing 1-hexanol or 1-butanol at 216 K. These alcohols segregate to the surface of the acid, with saturation coverages estimated to be 60% of a close-packed monolayer for 1-hexanol and 44% of a close-packed monolayer for 1-butanol. We find that the alkyl films reduce the conversion of N2O5 to HNO3 from 0.15 on bare acid to 0.06 on the hexyl-coated acid and to 0.10 on the butyl-coated acid. The entry of HCl and HBr, however, is enhanced by the hexanol and butanol films. The hydrolysis of N2O5 may be inhibited because the alkyl chains restrict the transport of this large molecule and because the alcohol OH groups dilute the surface region, suppressing reaction between N2O5 and near-interfacial H3O+ or H2O. In contrast, the interfacial alcohol OH groups provide additional binding sites for HCl and HBr and help initiate ionization. These and previous scattering...
A new look at correlation energy in atomic and molecular systems. II. The application of the Green’s function Monte Carlo method to LiH

The potential energy surface of the LiH molecule is calculated using the Green’s function Monte Carlo method. The calculated correlation energy is 0.078±0.001 hartree and the binding energy is 2.56 eV. These results are within 6% and 2% of the experimental values, respectively. The Green’s function Monte Carlo method is discussed in some detail with particular emphasis on problems of chemical interest.
Organic contaminants in municipal biosolids: risk assessment, quantitative pathways analysis, and current research priorities

Abstract Basic research and monitoring of the fate and potential effects of PCBs and other xenobiotic organics in biosolids (municipal sewage sludge) used on cropland have identified specific Pathways by which the xenobiotic organics in biosolids can reach and cause exposure to humans, livestock, plants, soil biota, wildlife, etc. In order to provide the scientific basis for the Clean Water Act Regulations (40 CFR 503) on land application of biosolids in the U.S., a Pathway Approach to risk assessment was undertaken. Pathways included general food production; garden food production; soil ingestion by humans, livestock, and wildlife; human exposure through livestock tissues where the livestock were exposed through crop contamination or biosolids/soil ingestion; wildlife exposure through soil organisms; release to surface and groundwater; volatilization into inhaled air, or dust generated by tillage. Two Pathways were found to comprise the greatest risk from persistent lipophilic organic compounds such as PCBs: (1) adherence of biosolids to forage/pasture crops from surface application of fluid biosolids, followed by grazing and ingestion of biosolids by livestock used as human food; and (2) direct ingestion of biosolids by children. Each Pathway considers risk to Highly Exposed Individuals (HEIs) rather than to the general population who seldom have appreciable exposure to biosolids or foods grown on biosolid-amended soils. Because present (1995) biosolids contain very low levels of PCBs in countries which have prohibited manufacture and use of these compounds, the estimated increase in lifetime cancer risk to HEIs from biosolids-borne PCBs applied to cropland or gardens was much less than 10 −4 . Low biosolids PCBs and low probability of simultaneously meeting all the constraints of the HEI indicate that HEIs have less than 10 −7 increase in lifetime cancer risk from biosolids-borne PCBs; this provides even higher protection to the general population. We conclude that quantitative risk assessment for potentially toxic constituents in biosolids can be meaningfully conducted because research has provided transfer coefficients from biosolids and biosolid-amended soils to plants and animals needed to assess risk for many organic compounds.
An evaluation of the DBR control mechanism in a job shop environment

Abstract This study is an evaluation of the drum–buffer–rope (DBR) control mechanism compared to the modified infinite loading (MIL) control mechanism in a job shop environment. Although previous research has shown that the MIL mechanism works well in this environment, this study finds that the DBR control mechanism performs significantly better. The performance of the DBR mechanism improves when the shortest processing time (SPT) dispatching rule is used.
An improvement to the convolution method of calculating ψ(u)

Abstract A recent algorithm is used to compute a series of convolutions for the infinite time ruin probability. Three comprehensive tables of such probabilities are presented for a real-life example involving data from 24,000 life insurance policies. Synopses of three related references are provided.
Negative differential resistance in ZnO coated peptide nanotube

We investigate the room temperature electronic transport properties of a zinc oxide (ZnO) coated peptide nanotube contacted with Au electrodes. Current–voltage (I–V) characteristics show asymmetric negative differential resistance (NDR) behavior along with current rectification. The NDR phenomenon is observed in both negative and positive voltage sweep scans, and found to be dependent on the scan rate and humidity. Our results suggest that the NDR is due to protonic conduction arising from water molecule redox reaction on the surface of ZnO coated peptide nanotubes rather than the conventional resonant tunneling mechanism.
Local RNA Conformational Dynamics Revealed by 2-Aminopurine Solvent Accessibility

Acrylamide quenching is widely used to monitor the solvent exposure of fluorescent probes in vitro. Here, we tested the utility of this technique to discriminate local RNA secondary structures using the fluorescent adenine analogue 2-aminopurine (2-AP). Under native conditions, the solvent accessibilities of most 2-AP-labeled RNA substrates were poorly resolved by classical single-population models; rather, a two-state quencher accessibility algorithm was required to model acrylamide-dependent changes in 2-AP fluorescence in structured RNA contexts. Comparing 2-AP quenching parameters between structured and unstructured RNA substrates permitted the effects of local RNA structure on 2-AP solvent exposure to be distinguished from nearest neighbor effects or environmental influences on intrinsic 2-AP photophysics. Using this strategy, the fractional accessibility of 2-AP for acrylamide ( f a) was found to be highly sensitive to local RNA structure. Base-paired 2-AP exhibited relatively poor accessibility, consistent with extensive shielding by adjacent bases. 2-AP in a single-base bulge was uniformly accessible to solvent, whereas the fractional accessibility of 2-AP in a hexanucleotide loop was indistinguishable from that of an unstructured RNA. However, these studies also provided evidence that the f a parameter reflects local conformational dynamics in base-paired RNA. Enhanced base pair dynamics at elevated temperatures were accompanied by increased f a values, while restricting local RNA breathing by adding a C-G base pair clamp or positioning 2-AP within extended RNA duplexes significantly decreased this parameter. Together, these studies show that 2-AP quenching studies can reveal local RNA structural and dynamic features beyond those that can be measured by conventional spectroscopic approaches.
Determination of lamivudine in plasma, amniotic fluid, and rat tissues by liquid chromatography.

Abstract An HPLC method for the quantification of lamivudine (3TC) in rat plasma, amniotic fluid, placental and fetal tissues has been developed, validated and applied to the study of the placental transport of this drug in the pregnant rat. Placental and fetal tissues were processed using liquid-liquid extraction enhanced by salting out the sample using a saturated solution of ammonium sulfate. Plasma and amniotic fluid samples were processed by protein precipitation using 2 M perchloric acid. Reverse phase chromatography was performed using a phenyl column (5 μm, 150 mm ×2 mm i.d.) under a flow rate of 0.2 ml/min. The mobile phase consisted of 5% methanol in 20 mM dibasic phosphate buffer (pH 6). The method was validated over the range from 0.1 to 50 μg/ml for plasma and amniotic fluid and 0.2–50 μg/ml for the placental and fetal tissues.
Use of Landsat thermal imagery in monitoring evapotranspiration and managing water resources

Abstract Freshwater resources are becoming increasingly limited in many parts of the world, and decision makers are demanding new tools for monitoring water availability and rates of consumption. Remotely sensed thermal-infrared imagery collected by Landsat provides estimates of land-surface temperature that allow mapping of evapotranspiration (ET) at the spatial scales at which water is being used. This paper explores the utility of moderate-resolution thermal satellite imagery in water resource management. General modeling techniques for using land-surface temperature in mapping the surface energy balance are described, including methods developed to safeguard ET estimates from expected errors in the remote sensing inputs. Examples are provided of how remotely sensed maps of ET derived from Landsat thermal imagery are being used operationally by water managers today: in monitoring water rights, negotiating interstate compacts, estimating water-use by invasive species, and in determining allocations for agriculture, urban use, and endangered species protection. Other applications include monitoring drought and food insecurity, and evaluation of large-scale land-surface and climate models. To better address user requirements for high-resolution, time-continuous ET data, novel techniques have been developed to improve the spatial resolution of Landsat thermal-band imagery and temporal resolution between Landsat overpasses by fusing information from other wavebands and satellites. Finally, a strategy for future modification to the Landsat program is suggested, improving our ability to track changes in water use due to changing climate and growing population. The long archive of global, moderate resolution TIR imagery collected by the Landsat series is unmatched by any other satellite program, and will continue to be an invaluable asset to better management of our earth's water resources.
Advanced laparoscopic skills decrease the learning curve for laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

The reported learning curve for laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) is 20–100 cases. Our aim was to investigate whether advanced laparoscopic skills could decrease the learning curve for LRYGB with regard to major morbidity. The senior author performed all operations in this series. His training included a laparoscopic fellowship without bariatric surgery, six years in surgical practice focusing on upper abdominal laparoscopic surgery, two courses on bariatric surgery at national meetings, one week of observing a bariatric program, and two mentored LRGBY cases. A comprehensive obesity program was put in place before the program began. Data were collected prospectively and reviewed at the series’ end. Results are presented as mean ± standard deviation and standard statistical analysis was applied. Between December 2003 and February 2005, 107 LRYGB operations were performed. Mean operative time decreased significantly with experience (p < 0.0001) and was 154 ± 29, 132 ± 40, 127 ± 29, and 114 ± 30 min by quartile. Mean length of stay was 2.9 ± 1.6 days. Mean excess weight loss was 45.3% (n = 41) at six months. There were no conversions to an open procedure, no anastomotic leaks, no pulmonary embolisms, and no bowel obstructions. The five major complications (3 in the first 50 and 2 in the last 57 cases, p = NS) were two cases of biliopancreatic limb obstruction, two cases of significant gastrointestinal bleeding from anastomotic ulcer, and one case of gastric volvulus of the remnant stomach. A bariatric fellowship and/or extended mentoring are not required to safely initiate a bariatric program for surgeons with advanced laparoscopic skills. Operative time decreases significantly with experience, but morbidity and mortality remain low even early in the learning curve. A comprehensive obesity program seems necessary for success.
Acoustic characteristics: Tracheoesophageal speech☆

This study examined differences among five tracheoesophageal, four esophageal, and five laryngeal speakers on the acoustic parameters of intensity and duration. Each subject repeated 14 prerecorded model sentences and prolonged phonation of three vowels. Analogue prints of the voice samples were obtained, and measures were subjected to parametric statistical analysis. Differences among groups indicate that the tracheoesophageal speakers are more like normal speakers than are esophageal speakers, indicating that surgical procedures such as the tracheoesophageal puncture are a significant rehabilitative alternative for the laryngectomee.
On short range order and micro-domains in the Ni4Mo system

Abstract Electron diffraction and field ion microscopy have been used to investigate the nature of short range order in as quenched Ni4Mo. The results indicate that the as quenched state consists of an assembly of micro-domains possessing the six orientational variants of the Ni4Mo superstructure. The 1 1 2 0 diffuse peaks have been attributed to the occurrence of non-conservative anti-phase boundaries within the micro-domains. A similar argument is used to account for the occurrence of 1 1 2 0 peaks in the disordered α-phase at other compositions in the NiMo system.
Absent and abnormal umbilical arteries

Umbilical arteries were not found in some fetuses from female rats given retinoic (vitamin A) acid by gavage on day 10 of gestation. It was felt that fetomaternal exchange in them must have been maintained either by the vitelline placenta alone, or by the allantoic placenta supplied by branches of the vitelline artery. In control rat embryos the vitelline and umbilical arteries communicated until day 11 after which the two circulations became separate. In young from females given retinoic acid during gestation, however, this communication (vitelloumbilical anastomosis) persisted and the definitive umbilical arteries failed to develop completely. This resulted in the normally formed single umbilical artery of the cord and its branches to the allantoic placenta receiving blood from the aorta through the vitelline or superior mesenteric artery. Thus, although the intra-abdominal portions of the umbilical arteries were missing, the allantoic placental circulation was maintained. The vitelline placental circulation was normal. In other experimental embryos persistent primary umbilical arteries were frequently seen alone or accompanied by definitive umbilical arteries. In normal human embryos a vitelloumbilical anastomosis apparently does not form and the single umbilical artery seen in fetuses with symmelia is most likely a persistent primary umbilical artery, as suggested by Dawson. However, the possibility of a vitelloumbilical anastomosis occasionally arising as an abnormality in human embryos cannot be overlooked.
From NASCAR Nation to Pat Tillman: Notes on Sport and the Politics of White Cultural Nationalism in Post-9/11 America

The author offers some developing thoughts on a domestic White cultural nationalism that emerged from the ashes of the attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon on September 11, 2001. More specifically, the author reads the November 10, 2003, National Review cover story and the media spectacle made of Pat Tillman’s death in 2004 while serving in President Bush’s war on terror in the Afghanistan theater as expressions, and producers, of a reactionary White cultural nationalism that emerged in post-9/11 America. In articulating this National Review cover story about NASCAR with the media spectacle made of Pat Tillman’s death and life, one will be able to see how sport—particularly media discourses about sport figures and formations—is being mobilized in post-9/11 America to express, naturalize, and garner public consent for this reactionary form of White cultural nationalism.
A QRS Preprocessor Based on Digital Differentiation

Digital preprocessors can ease the increasing data collection demands placed on real-time computers in patient monitoring. This paper describes a preprocessor that detects in real time an electrocardiogram QRS complex and computes the R-R interval. Detection is performed using multiple digital differentiation, which is encouraging as an ultrareliable means for locating the QRS. Inherent in the technique is a dependable control that can automatically compensate for signal-level variations. Clinical data demonstrate that detection is insensitive to low- and high-frequency noise, from baseline drift to muscle artifact and cautery bursts. The device can be connected directly to a patient, whose safety is guaranteed by optoelectronic isolation and interelectrode current limiting. Preprocessor operation has been human-engineered to a simple on/off procedure.
Impairment of Speech Intelligibility in Men with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Speech intelligibility was studied in a group of 25 male patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The object of the study was to determine the phonetic impairments underlying the speech intelligibility deficits that frequently accompany ALS. Analyses with a word intelligibility test indicated that the most disrupted phonetic features involved phonatory (voicing contrast) function, velopharyngeal valving, place and manner of articulation for lingual consonants, and regulation of tongue height for vowels. The mean error proportion for the five most severely affected features correlated highly (0.97) with the intelligibility score (percent correct). The phonetic feature analyses are one index of bulbar muscle impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and also may help to direct the speech management in these individuals.
Estimation of Factor Scores Via FASCOR

The potential value of using factor scores as latent variables is discussed, and the mathematical procedure for estimating factor scores is reviewed. A computer program is described that estimates factor scores for a data set given the factor pattern matrix, the factor correlation matrix, and the variable correlation matrix. Sample input and output are presented.
Central control at Sewaren generating station

WHEN the present work on the Sewaren Generating Station of the Public Service and Gas Company in New Jersey is finished in 1951, the plant will be a 455,000-kw station embodying unit design with central control of the four units in pairs. The first two units started operating in December 1948. Throttle steam conditions are 1,500 pounds per square inch gauge and 1,050 degrees Fahrenheit. The station is arranged to burn coal, fuel oil, or natural gas. All auxiliaries are motor-driven.
Deficits in Reproductive Behavior in Diabetic Female Rats Are Due to Hypoinsulinemia Rather Than Hyperglycemia

These studies determined whether deficits in reproductive behavior observed in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic female rats are caused by hyperglycemia or loss of insulin. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were ovariectomized and made diabetic by a single ip injection of STZ (75 mg/kg). Reproductive behavior was measured 12 days after the onset of hyperglycemia following the injection of estrogen and progesterone in doses known to restore reproductive behavior in nondiabetic rats. Rats in which STZ produced diabetes showed significantly reduced receptive and proceptive sexual behaviors. Normalization of blood glucose levels either by restricting diet or by phlorizin treatment failed to restore reproductive behavior in diabetic animals. However, even doses of insulin which were not fully effective in correcting peripheral hyperglycemia were able to prevent the STZ-induced behavioral deficit. No changes in general activity were observed in any experimental group as assessed by open field activity. The density of the norepinephrine transporter, as measured by [3H]nisoxetine binding, was reduced in the cortex but not in the brain stem, hypothalamus, or hippocampus of diabetic animals. Insulin treatment prevented the loss of cortical [3H]nisoxetine binding, and even partial normalization of blood glucose restored cortical [3H]nisoxetine binding to control levels. These findings suggest that diabetes-induced reproductive deficits are due to hypoinsulinemia and cannot be corrected simply by the normalization of blood glucose, whereas reductions in the density of cortical norepinephrine transporter result from hyperglycemia.
Clinical outcomes of video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy.

OBJECTIVE To review our experience with video-assisted thoracoscopic (VATS) lobectomy with respect to morbidity, mortality, and short-term outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS VATS lobectomies were performed in 56 patients between July 6, 2006, and February 26, 2008. Two patients declined consent for research participation and were excluded. Clinical data for 54 patients were collected from medical records and analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS The studied cohort included 19 men (35%) and 35 women (65%) with a median age of 67.5 years (minimum-maximum, 21-87 years; interquartile range [IQR], 59-74 years). Median duration of operation for VATS lobectomy was 139 minutes (minimum-maximum, 78-275 minutes; IQR, 121-182 minutes). Two cases (4%) required conversion to open lobectomy. Median time to chest tube removal was 2 days (minimum-maximum, 1-12 days; IQR, 1.3-3.8 days). Median length of stay was 4 days (minimum-maximum, 1-12 days; IQR, 4-7 days). There was no operative mortality. CONCLUSION VATS lobectomy is safe and feasible for pulmonary resection. This minimally invasive approach may allow patients to benefit from lobectomy with shorter recovery times and hospital stays compared with conventional open thoracotomy.
The Audible Life of the Image

"Since at least 1980 Godard’s cinema has been explicitly looking for (its) music, as if for its outside. In Sauve qui peut (la vie) Paul Godard hears, and asks about it, coming through the hotel room wall, and it follows him down to the lobby, but remains “off,” like Marguerite Duras’s voice, in spite of his questions, until the final sequence. At that moment, at the end of the section entitled “Music,” the protagonist is at the same time struck by a car and struck by the entrance of the music into the diegetic present of the film, as the camera pans past an orchestra playing on the sidewalk while Paul fades off under the quizzical gaze of his daughter. By 2004, with Notre musique , it would seem to have taken over the whole text, for the film was announced as being about the collaboration between Godard and German record label ECM. In the context of that film it is difficult to determine both what that music is and who we are, although this discussion will try to advance a hypothesis in that regard. In fact, my main contention will be that music in Godard’s films functions as something like the absent image ( s ), not those it has lost but rather its cinema to come, what remains to be discovered and live within it, the survival of it. Not a cinema that cannot be seen, rather the image that can perhaps only be heard; and not the romantic or psychedelic dream of a synaesthetic apotheosis either, rather the technological coincidence of sonimage that has also been the precise direction of Godard’s cinematic research for more than thirty years. For the argument I will be making here is inscribed within my own investigation of what I call “technological life,” the means by which, in “prosthetic” symbiosis, or “dorsal” umbrality, a form lives beyond the simplistic opposition of animate and inanimate, or against the reductive presuppositions of autokinetic ipseity..."
Structural health monitoring of aerospace applications with restricted geometry

This paper presents a set of results from an experiment that is designed to evaluate a damage detection approach for through-thickness fatigue cracks emanating from a rivet hole in a high-performance aircraft bulkhead. Because fatigue cracks have been found through depot-level visual-inspections at the same location in several aircraft bulkheads, a "hot-spot" approach to monitor this area with Lamb waves generated from surface-mounted lead ziconate titanate (PZT) transducers is evaluated. Detecting these fatigue cracks is challenging because the cracks propagate through an area of restricted geometry - a small plate-like area surrounded by thick webbing - which results in the interference of reflected wave components with the direct path wave components when using a pitch-catch approach. To minimize this interference, time-of-flight windows are applied to remove the reflected signals, and to increase probability of detection, Lamb wave mode tuning is used. Finally, to make the crack easier to detect, various static loads are applied to open the crack, but new challenges are presented when attempting to detect damage under a static load.
Mercury levels in freshwater fish of the state of South Carolina.

Samples of fish from freshwater sources of rivers, lakes and ponds all over the state of South Carolina were collected during the Summer of 1974 and 1975. The fish collected were Bass,A Bluegill, Redbreast, Catfish, Shad, Carp, Crappie, Mudfish and Pike. Samples were analyzed using the flameless atomic absorption procedure outlined by Hatch and Ott, and Uthe et al as modified for use with Perkin-Elmer, Coleman MAS-50 mercury analyzer. Triplicate samples of fish tissue were analyzed by wet digestion method. The mean mercury levels in ppb were determined for baseline mercury levels. A significant finding of this report is that those species for which fish of widely differing weights were analyzed, larger fish had higher mercury levels. Mercury levels exceeding the U.S. Food and Drug Administration guideline of 500 ppb for fish tissues have been found in the Mudfish from Edisto River and Pike fish from Lake Murray. Higher levels of mercury occurred in the highly vascularized blood tissues of liver and kidney than in muscle. Carnivorous and bottom-feeding fishes are the most reliable indicators of mercury pollution.
Comparison of two methods of administration of amphetamine on the dynamics of dopaminergic neurons in the rat.

Dopamine (DA) and its metabolite dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) in brain were examined in the striatum and nucleus accumbens septi after the administration of amphetamine by two different methods. A computer-controlled device was constructed to deliver intravenous injections of amphetamine in patterns mimicking those of animals in a self-administration paradigm, i.e. a total of 65 injections of 0.125 mg/kg/injection over 8 hr [total; 8.13 mg/kg (22.05 mumoles/kg)]. The second method was the intraperitoneal injection of 8.13 mg/kg as a single bolus. Control animals were intravenously or intraperitoneally administered saline. The effects of the two injection methods on the concentrations of DA and DOPAC were quite distinct at early times. This may in part be due to differences in the peak concentrations of amphetamine in brain achieved by the two regimens. Differences still persisted 48 hr after injection, particularly in the striatum. Increased levels of DA and DOPAC were observed at this time after the computer-controlled injections, while significantly decreased DA in the striatum is found after intraperitoneal bolus injections. These data strongly suggest that the method of administration of amphetamine can substantially alter the effects and possible toxicity of the drug on dopaminergic systems.
Möbius and hückel systems in the SCF and CI approximations

Abstract Over the last 15 years since the introduction of Mobius-Huckel theory, a number of varied questions has accumulated. The most interesting of these deals with the question of whether or not the Mobius-Huckel theory is valid in the SCF and SCF-CI approximation. This paper presents a treatmet which shows that the repulsion and exchange contributions are independent of the Mobius vs Huckel nature of the orbital array. Also it is shown that the one-electron terms are symmetry determined and derive from SCF coefficients. An analytical SCF-CI treatment if given. Several further unanswered questions are also considered.
Oblique pursuits for compressed sensing with random anisotropic measurements

Compressed sensing enables universal, simple, and reduced-cost acquisition by exploiting a sparse signal model. Most notably, recovery of the signal by computationally efficient algorithms is guaranteed for certain random measurement models, which satisfy the so-called isotropy property. However, in real-world applications, this property is often not satisfied. We propose two related changes in the existing framework for the anisotropic case: (i) a generalized RIP called the restricted biorthogonality property (RBOP); and (ii) correspondingly modified versions of existing greedy pursuit algorithms, which we call oblique pursuits. Oblique pursuits provide recovery guarantees via the RBOP without requiring the isotropy property; hence, these recovery guarantees apply to practical acquisition schemes. Numerical results show that oblique pursuits also perform better than their conventional counterparts.
Discrete element modeling of ballast settlement under trains moving at “Critical Speeds”

Abstract The majority of US high speed trains will operate on the current ballasted track network. It is suspected that the change in loading characteristics especially when trains move at so called “Critical Speeds” may cause unfavorable track performances, for instance increase in track settlement (both in ballast and the subgrade soil). Effort has been taken in this research to investigate the impact of load patterns generated by high speed trains on the track settlement accumulation. A dynamic track model consists of rail-tie-ballast “Sandwich” upper structure, and a finite 3D soil substructure model is developed and utilized to obtain the loading pulses and pulse combinations introduced by different traffic patterns on the top of the ballast layer. An Image Aided Discrete Element Modeling approach is then employed to simulate the ballast settlement under those realistic loading pulses and pulse combinations. Results and conclusions will be highlighted and recommendations will be made in the end.
Effect of ultrasonic waves on mass transfer rates of selected fluids.

The application of ultrasonic energy to a fluid in a capillary has resulted in greatly increased rates of mass transfer (of the order of 800 to 2,000% above that without insonation) to occur at specific heights in the capillary. Reproducible results with several selected fluids (carbon tetrachloride, acetone, ethanol, and methanol) have shown that these specific heights are always at the half wavelengths of the particular fluid investigated. The mathematical model developed herein predicts that at these half wavelengths, the fluid particle displacement of the ultrasonic wave becomes quite large, exceeds the threshold value necessary for the stability of the surface waves, and causes droplets to be ejected into the vapor above the surface in the form of a fog. The resulting decrease in the diffusional path length of the ejected fluid provides the final mechanism for an increased mass transfer from the capillary tube.
The Limits of Authenticity in Vietnamese Consumer Markets

In this article, I address the saliency of the concept of “authenticity” in contexts of international law and anthropological inquiry. Using my research findings in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam, I show that although Vietnamese shoppers distinguish between what they term real and fake goods, they do not share with foreign corporations and international trade organizations a preoccupation with product and brand authenticity. To make this point, I describe four types of goods—model goods, mimic goods, real goods, and fake goods—employed by shoppers in HCMC, and discuss why they have little in common with notions of “authenticity” and “ownership” inherent in international standards of intellectual property. I argue that these conceptual differences in the commercial sphere challenge claims about the universal applicability of intellectual property rights laws and also encourage anthropologists to ask whether authenticity is always a useful tool of cross-cultural understanding.
Lower bounds on messages and rounds for network authentication protocols

The encrypted key exchange (EKE) protocol is augmented so that hosts do not store cleartext passwords. Consequently, adversaries who obtain the one-way encrypted password file may (i) successfully mimic (spoof) the host to the user, and (ii) mount dictionary attacks against the encrypted passwords, but cannot mimic the user to the host. Moreover, the important security properties of EKE are preserved—an active network attacker obtains insufficient information to mount dictionary attacks. Two ways to accomplish this are shown, one using digital signatures and one that relies on a family of commutative one-way functions.
Use of Array Capacitors to Improve the Power Delivery Performance of a Microprocessor System

We show system modeling and measurement results of a platform with array capacitor solution (ACS) within the frequency domain. A Pentium® 4 microprocessor package was redesigned for a single array capacitor, in place of all multiterminal capacitors. Its system power delivery impedance profile was found to have a more desirable high frequency response than the earlier system designed with discrete multiterminal capacitors. These measured results were also found to agree well with the behavior predicted by simulation models. Additionally we explore the impact and optimization of array capacitor parameters on the overall system frequency response.Copyright © 2005 by ASME
Rabbit Anti-Thymocyte Globulin: Evidence for Clinical Benefit in High Immunological Risk Kidney Transplantation

Rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin is used worldwide to treat and prevent rejection in kidney transplantation. Multiple mechanisms of action of this polyclonal preparation are responsible for its success. Studies have supported clinical benefits of rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin in high immunological risk kidney transplant recipients when used as an induction agent at the time of transplant and for treatment of rejection when compared to other antibody therapy. The evidence of this clinical benefit will be reviewed in addition to examining the dosing and safety profile of rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin.
The Atlanta Clinical and Translational Science Institute

The opportunity created by the NIH Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSAs) prompted the leadership of Emory University (Emory) and its two closest academic partners, Morehouse School of Medicine (MSM) and Georgia Institute of Technology (GT), to develop an innovative model for transforming clinical and translational science. These academic institutions along with other Atlanta and Georgia partners established the Atlanta Clinical & Translational Science Institute (ACTSI) to create and accelerate clinical and translational science discovery, training and community engagement in Atlanta and the state of Georgia. The ACTSI partnership creates compelling, unique and synergistic advantages. Emory is a national leader in education, healthcare, biomedical research and product developmenti. MSM is a leading historically black institution focused on social missionii that brings ethnic diversity to the biomedical research community, addresses health disparities through translational and clinical research and successful community engagement, and serves as a pipeline for training minority investigators. GT is a national leader in biomedical engineeringiii, nanomedicine, computation and application of innovative systems engineering to healthcare solutions. These institutions, historic partners in healthcare, education, and cutting-edge, interdisciplinary research, are now catalyzed by the ACTSI partnership. The creation of the ACTSI led to many accomplishments: establishment of a city-wide, multi-tiered (hospital, clinic, office) integrated network conducting clinical and translational research; establishment of an inter-institutional and innovative collaborative education and training program in clinical and translational research with enhanced curricula (highlighted in this communication); development of a city-wide infrastructure for pediatric-focused clinical and translational research; dissemination of new clinical and translational infrastructure and technologies through the ACTSI web portal - www.ACTSI.org; the creation and/or support of new cutting-edge cores and centers - the GRA (Georgia Research Alliance) Genomics Core; Center for System Imaging (CSI); a Heath Innovation Program, Center for Health Discovery and Well Being; and development of new interdisciplinary, innovative clinical and translational science through pilot projects, new inter-institutional collaborations, seminars, and direct support. A key theme of the endeavor is ACTSI’s leveraging of multiple diverse assets to enhance clinical and translational research in Atlanta and Georgia. ACTSI is a catalyst exceeding the sum of the parts.
Afterburn Ignition Delay and Shock Augmentation in Fuel Rich Solid Explosives

We present experimental and computational results that explain some aspects of measured energy release in explosions of unconfined trinitrotoluene [TNT, C6H2(NO2)3CH3], and an aluminum-containing explosive formulation, and show how this energy release can influence shock wave velocities in air. In our interpretation, energy release is divided into early, middle, and late time regimes. An explanation is provided for the interdependence of the time regimes and their influence on the rate at which energy (detonation/explosion and afterburn) is released. We use a merging of the thermodynamic and chemical kinetic processes that predicts how chemical kinetics may determine the time delay of the afterburn of combustible gases produced by the initial detonation/explosion/fast reaction. The thermodynamic computer code CHEETAH is used to predict gaseous and solid products of early time energy release, and a chemical kinetic reaction mechanism (CHEMKIN format) is used to describe the subsequent afterburn of the gas phase products in air. Results of these calculations are compared with field measurements of unconfined explosions of 2 kg charge weights of TNT and an aluminum-containing explosive formulation.
THE FUNCTIONAL SIGNIFICANCE OF DENITRIFIER COMMUNITY COMPOSITION IN A TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEM

We tested the hypothesis that soil microbial diversity affects ecosystem func- tion by evaluating the effect of denitrifier community composition on nitrous oxide (N20) production. Denitrification is a major source of atmospheric N20, an important greenhouse gas and a natural catalyst of stratospheric ozone decay. The major environmental controls on denitrification rate and the mole ratio of N20 produced during denitrification have been incorporated into mechanistic models, but these models are, in general, poor predictors of in situ N20 flux rates. We sampled two geomorphically similar soils from fields in southwest Michigan that differed in plant community composition and disturbance regime: a con- ventionally tilled agricultural field and a never-tilled successional field. We tested whether denitrifier community composition influences denitrification rate and the relative rate of N20 production (AN20/A(N20 + N2)), or rN20, using a soil enzyme assay designed to evaluate the effect of oxygen concentration and pH on the activity of denitrification enzymes responsible for the production and consumption of N20. By controlling, or providing in nonlimiting amounts, all known environmental regulators of denitrifier N20 production and consumption, we created conditions in which the only variable contributing to differences in denitrification rate and rN2O in the two soils was denitrifier community composition. We found that both denitrification rate and rN2O differed for the two soils under controlled incubation conditions. Oxygen inhibited the activity of enzymes involved in N20 production (nitrate reductase, Nar; nitrite reductase, Nir; and nitric oxide reductase, Nor) to a greater extent in the denitrifying community from the agricultural field than in the community from the successional field. The Nar, Nir, and Nor enzymes of the denitrifying community from the successional field, on the other hand, were more sensitive to pH than were those in the denitrifying community from the agricultural field. Moreover, the denitrifying community in the soil from the successional field had relatively more active nitrous oxide reductase (Nos) enzymes, which reduce N20 to N2, than the denitrifying community in the agricultural field. Also, the shape of the rN20 curve with increasing oxygen was different for each denitrifying community. Each of these differences suggests that the denitrifying commu- nities in these two soils are different and that they do not respond to environmental regulators in the same manner. We thus conclude that native microbial community composition reg- ulates an important ecosystem function in these soils.