cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Thermochemistry of Rare Earth Perovskites

The rare earth (RE) mineral loparite with the chemical composition (RE, Na, Sr, Ca)(Ti, Nb, Ta, Fe+3)O3 is the principal ore of the light rare earth elements (LREE) as well as niobium and tantalum. The enthalpies of formation of RE0.67−xNa3xTiO3 (RE = La, Ce) and Ca1−2xNaxLaxTiO3 from oxides and elements of lanthanum and cerium perovskites and their solid solutions have been obtained using high temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry. RE067−xNa3xTiO3 (RE = La, Ce) perovskites become more stable relative to oxide components as sodium content increases. Na0.5Ce0.5TiO3 and Na0.5La0.5TiO3 can be considered stable endmembers in natural loparite minerals. For perovskite solid solutions Ca1−2xNaxLaxTiO3, the enthalpies of formation from the constituent oxides $\Delta {\rm{H}}_{{\rm{f,ox}}}^ \circ $ become more exothermic with increasing Na+La content, suggesting a stabilizing effect of the substitution 2Ca2+ → Na+ + La3+ on the perovskite structure. The trend of increasing thermodynamic stability with decreasing structural distortion is similar to that seen in many other ABO3 perovskites.
The Role of Gender as an Antecedent to Opportunism: Are Women Less Opportunistic?

A construct in marketing literature is “Opportunism,” which has been defined as “self-interest seeking with guile.”
From the Editor: Research Traditions and Patterns in Marketing Scholarship

In the past 40 years, marketing scholarship has made tremendous advances. Our methods are diverse and relatively sophisticated. As a brief perusal of any marketing textbook (or journal) indicates, we have developed approaches for solving important managerial problems. Consumer behavior, sales management, and advertising have been distinct fields of study, within marketing, for more than 40 years. There are specialized journals for each of these areas, butJAMS, as a general journal, also publishes scholarly articles in these areas. Nonetheless, each of these subdisciplines has its own unique set of patterns and traditions, and there does not appear to be a lot of communication between scholars who specialize in distinct subareas. In this way, we have a tendency to remain somewhat isolated as researchers and scholars. At the same time, there is an increasing challenge to fit all of marketing scholarship under one unified and harmonious tent.
Kearns–Sayre Syndrome

Kearns-Sayre Syndrome is most commonly due to a 1.1 to 10 kilobase mtDNA deletion. Patients typically present with some combination of weakness, myopathy, ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, retinal pigmentary abnormalities, hearing loss and short stature. Cardiac conduction defects may be present or develop over time. Diagnosis is easily made by recognizing the patient’s phenotype and screening for mtDNA deletions in blood. Early recognition and diagnosis is beneficial to allow for symptomatic management and routine cardiac monitoring. Since patients typically develop heart block, early placement of a pacemaker is life-saving.
Helminth community structure in two species of arctic-breeding waterfowl

Climate change is occurring rapidly at high latitudes, and subsequent changes in parasite communities may have implications for hosts including wildlife and humans. Waterfowl, in particular, harbor numerous parasites and may facilitate parasite movement across broad geographic areas due to migratory movements. However, little is known about helminth community structure of waterfowl at northern latitudes. We investigated the helminth communities of two avian herbivores that breed at high latitudes, Pacific black brant (Branta bernicla nigricans), and greater white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons), to examine effects of species, geographic area, age, and sex on helminth species richness, aggregation, prevalence, and intensity. We collected 83 and 58 black brant and white-fronted geese, respectively, from Arctic and Subarctic Alaska July–August 2014. We identified 10 known helminth species (Amidostomum anseris, Amidostomum spatulatum, Drepanidotaenia lanceolata, Epomidiostomum crami, Heterakis dispar, Notocotylus attenuatus, Tetrameres striata, Trichostrongylus tenuis, Tschertkovilepis setigera, and Wardoides nyrocae) and 1 previously undescribed trematode. All geese sampled were infected with at least one helminth species. All helminth species identified were present in both age classes and species, providing evidence of transmission at high latitudes and suggesting broad host susceptibility. Also, all but one helminth species were present at both sites, suggesting conditions are suitable for transmission across a large latitudinal/environmental gradient. Our study provides important baseline information on avian parasites that can be used to evaluate the effects of a changing climate on host-parasite distributions.
Digital forensics training for wounded warriors

M State University has a long history of providing digital forensics training to law enforcement through its National Forensics Training Center. Since 2005, the NFTC has trained nearly 5000 law enforcement officers in the tools and techniques used to combat cyber-crimes. This training involves teaching law enforcement officers everything from what not to do on a digital crime scene up to using advanced techniques to perform analysis on digital devices. It has been instrumental in the investigation of hundreds of computer crimes in Mississippi and throughout the U.S. In 2008, the NFTC initiated a project to take this very successful law enforcement training program and transform it into digital forensics training to wounded warriors and veterans to facilitate a possible new career as they transition from the military to the civilian workforce. This training has been provided at approximately 10 different locations throughout the U.S., and it has been very well received. It has resulted in the successful training of nearly 500 wounded warriors in the three+ years of the project. The project continues into 2012 and with anticipated additional funds this year; we hope that we can continue the project into the indefinite future. This hands-on, practical, tactical level training is uniquely suited to wounded warriors. The warriors are learning and discovering that a career in digital forensics may provide them with a future, where the military may not be able to. This gives them the confidence to move forward knowing that they will be able to provide a living for themselves and their families. This effort is good for the country, good for the wounded warriors, and good for Mississippi State University.
Does one size fit all? The role of body mass index and waist circumference in systemic inflammation in midlife by race and gender.

ABSTRACTObjective: This study investigates the associations of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with markers of systemic inflammation in midlife by race and gender.Design: Data were obtained from the Survey of Midlife in the United States, a cross-sectional, observational study of Americans 35 years old or older (White men: N = 410; White women: N = 490; Black men: N = 58; Black women: N = 117). Inflammation was measured by concentrations of fibrinogen and C-reactive protein (CRP) in fasting plasma and concentrations of E-selectin and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in fasting serum. Anthropometric data were used to obtain BMI and WC. Socio-demographic and health-related factors were assessed with a survey. Multivariate models by race and gender were estimated to test the roles of BMI and WC for each inflammation marker.Results: Compared to White men, Black women have higher BMI and higher levels of all four inflammation markers; White women have lower BMI, lower WC, and lower E-selectin and fibrin...
Distributed knowledge leader selection for multi-robot environmental sampling under bandwidth constraints

In many multi-robot applications such as target search, environmental monitoring and reconnaissance, the multi-robot system operates semi-autonomously, but under the supervision of a remote human who monitors task progress. In these applications, each robot collects a large amount of task-specific data that must be sent to the human periodically to keep the human aware of task progress. It is often the case that the human-robot communication links are extremely bandwidth constrained and/or have significantly higher latency than inter-robot communication links, so it is impossible for all robots to send their task-specific data together. Thus, only a subset of robots, which we call the knowledge leaders, can send their data at a time. In this paper, we study the knowledge leader selection problem, where the goal is to select a subset of robots with a given cardinality that transmits the most informative task-specific data for the human. We prove that the knowledge leader selection is a submodular function maximization problem under explicit conditions and present a novel distributed submodular optimization algorithm that has the same approximation guarantees as the centralized greedy algorithm. The effectiveness of our approach is demonstrated using numerical simulations.
Effects of methyl and inorganic mercury exposure on genome homeostasis and mitochondrial function in Caenorhabditis elegans

Mercury toxicity mechanisms have the potential to induce DNA damage and disrupt cellular processes, like mitochondrial function. Proper mitochondrial function is important for cellular bioenergetics and immune signaling and function. Reported impacts of mercury on the nuclear genome (nDNA) are conflicting and inconclusive, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) impacts are relatively unknown. In this study, we assessed genotoxic (mtDNA and nDNA), metabolic, and innate immune impacts of inorganic and organic mercury exposure in Caenorhabditis elegans. Genotoxic outcomes measured included DNA damage, DNA damage repair (nucleotide excision repair, NER; base excision repair, BER), and genomic copy number following MeHg and HgCl2 exposure alone and in combination with known DNA damage-inducing agents ultraviolet C radiation (UVC) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which cause bulky DNA lesions and oxidative DNA damage, respectively. Following exposure to both MeHg and HgCl2, low-level DNA damage (∼0.25 lesions/10kb mtDNA and nDNA) was observed. Unexpectedly, a higher MeHg concentration reduced damage in both genomes compared to controls. However, this observation was likely the result of developmental delay. In co-exposure treatments, both mercury compounds increased initial DNA damage (mtDNA and nDNA) in combination with H2O2 exposure, but had no impact in combination with UVC exposure. Mercury exposure both increased and decreased DNA damage removal via BER. DNA repair after H2O2 exposure in mercury-exposed nematodes resulted in damage levels lower than measured in controls. Impacts to NER were not detected. mtDNA copy number was significantly decreased in the MeHg-UVC and MeHg-H2O2 co-exposure treatments. Mercury exposure had metabolic impacts (steady-state ATP levels) that differed between the compounds; HgCl2 exposure decreased these levels, while MeHg slightly increased levels or had no impact. Both mercury species reduced mRNA levels for immune signaling-related genes, but had mild or no effects on survival on pathogenic bacteria. Overall, mercury exposure disrupted mitochondrial endpoints in a mercury-compound dependent fashion.
Impact of Hospital-Wide Comprehensive Pain Management Initiatives:

This project aimed to improve pain management through clinician education, updated assessment tools, computer resources, and improved ordering and delivery systems. Clinicians were surveyed and results analyzed using Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney testing and χ2 testing. Prescribing patterns were evaluated by comparing proportions of prescription orders and dose intervals. Cochran-Armitage Trend Test was used for linear trends in proportion of prescription orders over time. Knowledge scores improved significantly for nurses ( P = .004) and nurse practitioners/physician assistants ( P < .0001). Patient surveys showed a reduction in the percentage of patients dissatisfied with pain control. There was a decrease of 3.6% in intramuscular orders of opioids ( P < .0001). A significant reduction was found in the percentage of orders of potentially high initial doses of opioids of hydromorphone and morphine after implementing an electronic alert. This project demonstrates that a comprehensive educational strategy with improved assessment tools, clinical resources, and educational programming can have a significant impact on pain management.
Is HIT a hit? The impact of health information technology on inpatient hospital outcomes

ABSTRACTIn an effort to eliminate inefficiencies in the US health care sector, policymakers have made a concerted effort to encourage hospitals and physicians to adopt health information technology (HIT) systems. Using a unique data set on HIT adoption and health outcomes in New York State, we conduct a hospital-level analysis identifying the impact of adopting HIT on inpatient outcomes (rates of adverse drug events and severity-adjusted mortality). Unlike previous studies, the patient population is not restricted to Medicare patients, but covers all ages and insurance types. After controlling for unobserved hospital quality and endogenous HIT adoption, our results suggest that a hospital’s severity-adjusted mortality decreases by 0.3 percentage points. When restricted to the Medicare patients, we find HIT adoption lowers a hospital’s severity-adjusted mortality rate by 0.5 percentage points. We find HIT to have no significant effect on the rate of ADEs.
Preparation for Adulthood: A Teacher Inquiry Study for Facilitating Life Skills in Secondary Education in the United States

Life skills preparation for adulthood is a crucial, yet often overlooked concept in education. In schools across the United States, young adults graduate from high school with limited knowledge regarding how to navigate through the expectations of the real world. Although many educators feel teaching life skills in the classroom is necessary, the frustration of needing to adhere to state standards and lack of time often interferes with their implementation. This is unfortunate, as research indicates, “ life skills education bridges the gap between basic functioning and capabilities. It strengthens the ability of an individual to meet the needs and demands of the present society, and helps in dealing with issues in a practical manner ” (Prajapati, B. Sharma, & D. Sharma, 2017, p. 1). This action research study investigates ways two teachers implemented realistic life skill lessons, while adhering to district standards . Strategies investigated include: interest surveys, goal setting and social skills instruction.
Radiculopathy and the herniated lumbar disc : Controversies regarding pathophysiology and management

Lumbar disk herniation is one of the most common problems encountered in orthopaedic practice. Despite the frequency of its occurrence, however, much about lumbar disk herniation is poorly understood. It is important to review the basic and clinical science underlying the pathophysiology and treatment, surgical and nonsurgical, of this disorder.
Earth's inner core nucleation paradox

Abstract The conventional view of Earth's inner core is that it began to crystallize at Earth's center when the temperature dropped below the melting point of the iron alloy and has grown steadily since that time as the core continued to cool. However, this model neglects the energy barrier to the formation of the first stable crystal nucleus, which is commonly represented in terms of the critical supercooling required to overcome the barrier. Using constraints from experiments, simulations, and theory, we show that spontaneous crystallization in a homogeneous liquid iron alloy at Earth's core pressures requires a critical supercooling of order 1000 K, which is too large to be a plausible mechanism for the origin of Earth's inner core. We consider mechanisms that can lower the nucleation barrier substantially. Each has caveats, yet the inner core exists: this is the nucleation paradox. Heterogeneous nucleation on a solid metallic substrate tends to have a low energy barrier and offers the most straightforward solution to the paradox, but solid metal would probably have to be delivered from the mantle and such events are unlikely to have been common. A delay in nucleation, whether due to a substantial nucleation energy barrier, or late introduction of a low energy substrate, would lead to an initial phase of rapid inner core growth from a supercooled state. Such rapid growth may lead to distinctive crystallization texturing that might be observable seismically. It would also generate a spike in chemical and thermal buoyancy that could affect the geomagnetic field significantly. Solid metal introduced to Earth's center before it reached saturation could also provide a nucleation substrate, if large enough to escape complete dissolution. Inner core growth, in this case, could begin earlier and start more slowly than standard thermal models predict.
A Family Practice Setting for the First Year Course in Psychiatry

“Nothing will make behavioral science relevant and meaningful to students until they see its application (and can) appreciate how it is helpful to the practicing physician.”1
Primary Site Unknown

Cancer of unknown primary site is a neoplastic bastard, a child without a father. When metastases rather than the primary tumor cause signs or symptoms the diagnosis of cancer is often made from the metastases. More often than not, the search for the primary tumor is successful. Liver metastases usually come from the gastrointestinal tract but may come from very small breast or lung primary tumors. Metastases in neck lymph nodes should be the consequence of an occult primary tumor in the head and neck, but sometimes even primary tumors below the diaphragm metastasize to neck nodes. When the search for the primary source of metastases is unsuccessful, the appellation “primary site unknown” is appropriate. In published series these comprise 0.5%–5% of cancers (Didolkar et al. 1977; Holmes and Fouts 1970).
Nonlinear Modeling on Protein Kinase C(PKC)-Epsilon Inverse Regulation of Stress Fibers in Oncogenically Transformed Cells

Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a tumor promoter, provides effective means of reversibly converting tissue culture cells to a state which resembles that of transformed cells. PKC isozymes can be activated by PMA and cause reorganization of actin-containing structures. The purpose of the current research is to analyze the pattern in which PKC mediates dissolution of stress fibers (SFs) by a mathematical model. Several mathematical models were tried, including linear and nonlinear approximations, in order to establish the relationship between PKC-? and SF accumulation in 1000 W cells. Applying a non-linear approximation and using a bisection algorithm, an exponential function was derived to show how PKC-? inversely controlled SFs. We use RNA interference (RNAi) technology to knock down the PKC-? expression in order to validate this mathematical model. In the time course of SF formation following PMA exposure, a special feature of parallel arrays showed in cells with PKC-? siRNA transfection.
Population Aging and the Effects on Real Estate and Financial Asset Returns

This paper investigates the effects of each age group in the population on housing prices, the returns on different classes of bonds and the excess returns on equity across countries and over time. Previous empirical research focusing on a single country found a negative effect of the ratio of the old to working population on the returns to all assets. However, a more complete framework that encompasses both individuals' consumption-saving decision and portfolio allocation may advance our understanding of how population aging influences asset returns. I construct a high-order polynomial estimation of the demographic structure and then run an unbalanced panel regression with time fixed effects on the change in housing prices (37 countries), total returns of equity indices (53 countries) and total returns on bonds (53 countries). The results show that population aging has the strongest effect on housing prices. Real returns on housing and bond decline as the population gets older. On the other hand, equity premium is higher in countries with relatively older population indicating that risk aversion increases with age. As a robustness check, the joint estimation results using Seemingly Unrelated Regressions are consistent with the individual regressions.
Theory of Disruption in GE

We formalize and describe the mapping process of integer input (genotype) to an output sentence (phenotype) in Grammatical Evolution (GE). The aim is to study the grammatical and search bias which is produced by the mapping. We investigate changes in input and the effect on output and analyze the neighboring solutions as well as the effect of changes and bias in representation. Different types of changes are defined to allow classification of the effects that input changes (operators) have. The changes are a part of identifying what the neighborhood for GE search looks like. We call this disruption in GE. Furthermore, a schema theorem is introduced for investigating preservation of material during application of variation operators, an attempt to identify the population effects.
The effects of silicon substrate thickness and annealing temperature on surface coverage for aluminum-induced crystallization of germanium films

Abstract This work investigates polycrystalline germanium films for photovoltaic applications that were developed using aluminum-induced crystallization on silicon substrates coated with 500 nm of thermally grown silicon dioxide. Five silicon substrate thicknesses were investigated between 200 and 525 µm and the samples were annealed for 50 hours at either 365 °C, 375 °C, or 385 °C. When annealed, the amorphous germanium films deposited on the 200 µm silicon substrate developed into discrete monocrystalline germanium islands with an average grain size of 10.76 µm, but poor overall surface coverage between 50% and 59%. The germanium films deposited on silicon substrates with thickness between 250 and 375 µm and annealed below 385 °C revealed the highest and most uniform polycrystalline germanium surface coverage between 80% and 97% and demonstrated ~300 nm grain size. The 525 µm silicon substrate exhibited dense island formation at 385 °C as well as high residual aluminum content, and cracks in the film at lower temperatures.
Dilysine-Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate (MDI), a Urine Biomarker of MDI Exposure?

Biomonitoring of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) in urine may be useful in industrial hygiene and exposure surveillance approaches toward disease (occupational asthma) prevention and in understanding pathways by which the internalized chemical is excreted. We explored possible urine biomarkers of MDI exposure in mice after respiratory tract exposure to MDI, as glutathione (GSH) reaction products (MDI–GSH), and after skin exposure to MDI dissolved in acetone. LC–MS analyses of urine identified a unique m/z 543.29 [M + H]+ ion from MDI-exposed mice but not from controls. The m/z 543.29 [M + H]+ ion was detectable within 24 h of a single MDI skin exposure and following multiple respiratory tract exposures to MDI–GSH reaction products. The m/z 543.29 [M + H]+ ion possessed properties of dilysine-MDI, including (a) an isotope distribution pattern for a molecule with the chemical formula C27H38N6O6, (b) the expected collision-induced dissociation (CID) fragmentation pattern upon MS/MS, and (c) a retention...
MicroRNAs in brain development and cerebrovascular pathophysiology

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of highly conserved non-coding RNAs with 21–25 nucleotides in length and play an important role in regulating gene expression at the posttranscriptional level via bas...
Effect of the Protonation Level and Ionic Strength on the Structure of Linear Polyethyleneimine

Polyethylenimine (PEI) is a highly studied vector for nonviral gene delivery, with a high transfection efficiency that has been linked with its pH responsiveness. Atomistic molecular dynamics simul...
Improvement in Microregional Oxygen Supply/Consumption Balance and Infarct Size After Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion With Inhibition of p70 Ribosomal S6 Kinase (S6K1)

Abstract Background: We tested the hypothesis that inhibition of p70 ribosomal S6 kinase (S6K1) would decrease infarct size and improve microregional O2 supply/consumption balance after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. Methods: This was tested in isoflurane-anesthetized rats with middle cerebral artery blockade for 1 hour and reperfusion for 2 hours with or without PF-4708671 (S6K1 inhibitor, 75 mg/kg, 15 minutes after blockade). Regional cerebral blood flow was determined using a C14-iodoantipyrine autoradiographic technique. Regional small vessel (20-60 μm diameter) arterial and venous oxygen saturations were determined microspectrophotometrically. Results: There were no significant hemodynamic or arterial blood gas differences between groups. The control ischemic-reperfused cortex had a similar O2 consumption to the contralateral cortex. However, microregional O2 supply/consumption balance was significantly reduced in the ischemic-reperfused cortex with many areas of low O2 saturation (23 of 80 veins with O2 saturation below 45%). PF-4708671 did not significantly alter cerebral blood flow or O2 consumption. However, it significantly reduced the number of small veins with low O2 saturations in the reperfused region (6 of 80 veins with O2 saturation below 45%). This was associated with a significantly reduced cortical infarct size after S6K1 inhibition (12.9 ± .8% control versus 6.6 ± .3% PF-4708671). Conclusion: This suggests that S6K1 inhibition is important for cell survival and that it reduces the number of small microregions with reduced local oxygen balance after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion.
Genetic relationships of Caribbean lowland spiny pocket mice (Heteromys desmarestianus: Rodentia; Heteromyidae): evidence of a distinct mitochondrial lineage

Genetic studies provide important insights into the evolutionary history and taxonomy of species, allowing us to identify lineages difficult to distinguish morphologically. The relationship among species in the genus Heteromys has been in flux as new species have been described, and candidate species have been suggested in the H. desmarestianus group. One new potential species may be in Costa Rica’s Caribbean lowlands. Herein, we test the phylogenetic relationship of individuals from Costa Rica’s Caribbean lowlands to individuals from throughout the species’ range using mitochondrial sequences from cytochrome-b (cytb). We captured 116 individuals from the lowlands, sequenced their cytb genes, and incorporated 74 GenBank sequences from throughout the species’ range to test if individuals from Costa Rica’s Caribbean lowlands potentially constitute an undescribed species. Our results document a distinct mitochondrial lineage in the Caribbean lowlands of Costa Rica. Our results from extensive sampling within the lowlands show a unique mitochondrial DNA lineage, which may suggest the presence of an undescribed species. The Caribbean lowlands of Costa Rica may hold other cryptic diversity, and further phylogenetic studies should incorporate samples from this area, as it may have a unique evolutionary history.
Aqua­(4′-hydr­oxy-2,2′;6′,6′′-terpyrid­yl)copper(II) bis­(perchlorate)

In the title compound, [Cu(C15H11N3)(H2O)](ClO4)2, the 4′-hydroxy­terpyridine and water mol­ecule are coordinated in the Cu equatorial plane and the two perchlorate ions are semicoordinate in the axial positions. The crystal structure is stabilized by hydrogen bonds between the 4′-hydr­oxy group, the coordinated water mol­ecule and the perchlorate ions, forming two-dimensional sheets.
The Delimitation of the South African Heliophila brachycarpa and Two Related Species (Brassicaceae)

Typification of Heliophila brachycarpa, H. florulenta, H. glauca, and H. sclerophylla is established. The second species has been erroneously synonymized with the first for the past 50 years, and the first three are recognized as distinct, whereas the last is reduced to synonymy of the third.
Baseline Qualitative and Quantitative Mussel Surveys of the Mill River System, Massachusetts, Prior to Final Dam Removal

Dam removal is a common conservation tool that has many potential benefits for freshwater mussels. We conducted qualitative and quantitative mussel surveys in the Mill River system, Massachusetts, where four dams have been removed or modified to benefit aquatic organisms. These data represent a baseline for future monitoring of the effects of dam removal or modification. Mussel assemblages were composed of six species and were dominated by Elliptio complanata; Lampsilis radiata was the second most abundant species. Two species of Special Concern in Massachusetts, Ligumia nasuta and Leptodea ochracea, were rare, as were Pyganodon cataracta and Utterbackiana implicata. We conducted catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) surveys at 77 sites; mussels occurred throughout much of the watershed except for the lower portion of the Mill River. The highest CPUE values were found immediately downstream of the two lakes in the system. We conducted quadrat-based surveys at nine sites, including one site in each of the lakes. Precision of estimates of total mussel density was ≥80% at most sites, which will allow detection of moderate to large changes over time. Monitoring of changes for rarer species may require a watershed-based approach based on CPUE because quantitative estimates had wide confidence intervals.
Missed Tetralogy of Fallot in an Elderly Woman With a Known Ventricular Septal Defect.

Abstract Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital heart disease comprised of a tetrad of ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy. In developed countries, most cases are diagnosed in babies; mortality is high if not surgically corrected in a timely manner. We describe herein a woman who was diagnosed at age 73 years. Several factors accounted for her unusual longevity. We highlight the importance of multimodal imaging to look for other associated anomalies of tetralogy of Fallot in cases of apparent simple ventricular septal defect when the echocardiographic images are either suggestive or suboptimal.
Software Architecture for Machine Learning in Personal Financial Planning

Trials in the automated investment management, or Robo-advisor, industry have increased with the introduction of newer data analysis tools and technologies. This has resulted in new methods, variables, and ideations being considered for optimal predictive analysis in the stock, bond, and cryptocurrency markets. Large data sets used in conjunction with machine learning are telling and predictive for different points in time. Our research attempts to define a model that can be utilized by financial advisors to theorize future asset predictability.
Sub-μWRComm : 415-nW 1–10-kb/s Physically and Mathematically Secure Electro-Quasi-Static HBC Node for Authentication and Medical Applications

Low-power secure communication is one of the key enablers of applications, such as secure authentication and remote health monitoring. Radio wave-based communication method, such as Bluetooth, suffers from high-power requirements and physical signal leakage. Electro-quasi-static human body communication (EQS-HBC) utilizes the conductivity of the human body to use it as a communication medium and confine the signal within a close proximity of the body and enable low power consumption through low-frequency operation. This makes EQS-HBC an attractive alternative for such low-power, low-data-rate secure communication. In this article, we present the first >1 kb/s Sub- ${\underline {\mu}} \text{W}$ W ea R able Comm unication (Sub- $\mu $ WRComm), a secure EQS-HBC node, which uses EQS-HBC for physical security and an AES-256 engine for mathematical security and operate at sub- $\mu \text{W}$ power budget. The signal confinement property of EQS-HBC is demonstrated through finite element method (FEM) simulations and leakage measurements, establishing its security property. The Sub- $\mu $ WRComm system consumes only 415-nW total power, with 108-nW active power at the lowest power mode, operating at a data rate of 1 kb/s with −64-dBm sensitivity making it suitable for authentication and remote monitoring applications. This work presents a $100\times $ improvement compared with state-of-the-art HBC implementations while providing simultaneous physical and mathematical security for the first time.
The burden of cannabis-attributed pediatric and adult emergency department visits.

States that have legalized cannabis for medicinal or retail use have noted increases in emergency department (ED) visits associated with cannabis-associated harms. However, most studies are retrospective and identify cannabis-related visits using diagnosis codes or THC-positive urine drug immunoassays. These identification methods are limited. ICD codes are infrequently used in adult ED cases of exposure to drugs of abuse and clinicians may not explicitly document diagnosis of drug use, even when highly suspected or confirmed by patients.
Rhetoric and hate crimes: examining the public response to the Trump narrative

The former Trump Administration introduced policies focused on tightening national borders and limiting migration. These policies were often prefaced with strong rhetoric designed to disparage or d...
Using Multiobjective Linear Programming to Reconcile Preferences Over Time

Decision makers are often faced with a choice among alternatives, each of wh ich leads to a consequence Zj = (Z1j, Z2j, ..., Zkj), where Zhj indicates the consequence in the hth year of choosing alternative j now. In general, the consequence in any given year may include nonmonetary factors as well as monetary ones. However, for purposes of this presentation, it will be assumed that all nonmonetary factors can be “costed out” so that Zj can be considered a cash flow.
Patroneando un barco a la deriva: Mejorando la preparación de los maestros de los colegios católicos durante el primer año a través de la autorreflexión

Longitudinal investigation on the impact of self-reflection on the practices of novice teachers in California Catholic schools. Materials and Methods: Initial questionnaire at the beginning of their second academic semester; second questionnaire, individual interview and video of participant teaching in class at the end of the aforementioned semester; focus group with participants at the end of their second academic year. Results: Modifications in the classroom resulting in the incorporation of students' interests to the preparation and delivery of lessons, increased use of cooperative groups and more directions prior to and during explanations. Discussion: Self-reflection should become an essential component in teachers´ coursework.
QUANTITATIVE STUDIES OF NATURAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ADENOVIRUS INFECTIONS OF HUMAN CELLS. I. CHARACTERISTICS OF VIRAL MULTIPLICATION IN FIBROBLASTS DERIVED BY LONG-TERM CULTURE FROM TONSILS.

Abstract Fibroblastic cells derived from suspensions of trypsinized human tonsil S have been subcultured for several months, and their properties with respect to infection with type 2 adenovirus have been studied. Plaques were obtained with an efficiency of 10–20% of that on KB cells. Correlated with this was the fact that adsorption on tonsil-derived fibroblasts was not measurable under conditions permitting greater than 95% uptake of virus by KB cells. Following infection at high input multiplicity, the yield of virus per cell was found to be 10 4 PFU, and the latent period about 18 hours. On the other hand, study of the virus yields from single cells infected at a low input multiplicity (10 −2 PFU KB per cell) revealed the existence of marked asynchrony in the appearance of infectious virus, such that 40% of the infected cells had not yielded virus after 5 days.
A metadata management system to support data interoperability, reuse and sharing

Users of scientific databases need descriptional information for understanding the definitions, abbreviations, acronyms, and genealogy of data stored and maintained in a database management system. This type of knowledge or metadata includes a wide range of information to help users locate, access, browse, clean, and aggregate databases. In this paper we describe the RAND Metadata Management System (RMMS), which is the result of a project to develop and implement specifications for storing and maintaining descriptional metadata. RMMS promotes the sharing, reuse, and interoperability of scientific data by improving five major DBMS data administration activities: documentation, version management, history management , derived databases, and standard data elements. We discuss the motivation for the development of RMMS, the functionality of RMMS, and its implementation architecture.
Alternative institutional structures : evolution and impact

1. Introduction, 2. Simplicity in Institutional Design, Nathan Berg, 3. Institutional Economics as Volitional Pragmatism, Daniel Bromley, 4. The Essence of Economics, Neil K. Komesar, 5. Is Law Facilitating or Taxing Transactions?, Claude Menard, 6. Institutional Analysis, Elinor Ostrom, 7. Some Problems in Assessing the Evolution and Impact of Institutions, Warren Samuels, 8. Power and the Troublesome Economist, Allan Schmid, 9. Institutions and Rationality, Arild Vatn, 10. Towards a Theory of Induced Institutional Change, Morris Altman, 11. Does Economic Development require Certain Property Rights?, Peter Boettke and Robert Subrick, 12. The Role of Culture and Social Norms in Theories of Institutional Change, Julie Hogeland, 13. Attitudes Matter, Ute-Maria Niederle, 14. Institutional Individualism and Institutional Change, Fernando Toboso, 15. Post-Keynesian Institutionalism and the Anxious Society, Charles Whalen, 16. The Instituted Nature of Market Information, 17. A Dialogue on Institutions, Nicholas Mercuro
Distributed network flow control based on dynamic competitive markets

Network applications require a certain level of network performance for their proper operation. These individual guarantees can be provided if sufficient amounts of network resources are available; however, contention for the limited network resources may occur. For this reason, networks use flow control to manage network resources fairly and efficiently. This paper presents a distributed microeconomic flow control technique, that models the network as competitive markets. In these markets switches price their link bandwidth based on supply and demand, and users purchase bandwidth so as to maximize their individual quality of service (QoS). This decentralized flow control method provides a Pareto optimal and equitable (QoS-fair) bandwidth distribution. Simulation results using actual MPEG-compressed video traffic show utilization over 95% and better QoS control than max-min.
Screening and Identification of Inhibitors of Trypanosoma brucei Cathepsin L with Antitrypanosomal Activity

Current treatment options for human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) are ineffective, and they have several well-known clinical limitations. In our continued efforts to identify chemotypes that can be developed into clinically useful drugs, we screened a targeted compound library against the major cathepsin L (rhodesain) in T. brucei. We report the antirhodesain activity and antitrypanosomal activity of the compounds in this letter. The identified compounds can serve as starting points for structure- and/or phenotype-based lead optimization strategy against Trypanosoma brucei.
Surface Studies of Ancient Gold Coins and Modern Copies by X-ray Fluorescence, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Scanning Auger Spectroscopy

Several gold coins and modern copies were examined by three surface analysis techniques and the results were evaluated for possible use in authenticity testing of the coins. The coins supposedly ranged in age from 241 B.C. to 1894 A.D. The scanning electron microscope with an energy-dispersive x-ray analyzer was used to analyze for elemental composition, surface irregularities, contamination introduced during production, and accumulated debris. Conventional x-ray fluorescence provided elemental composition more representative of the bulk of the coins. Auger microprobe data provided corroborative qualitative analysis and information on the presence of low atomic number species. The significance of these results for authentication of ancient artifacts and art objects is discussed.
Sensitive thermal reflectance measurement for laser cooling applications

We demonstrate application of the thermal reflectance measurement in a balanced detector arrangement to resolve laser induced temperature shifts in ytterbium-doped yttrium-lithium-fluoride (Yb:YLF) during optical refrigeration experiments. Definite signature of cooling versus heating allows for rapid screening of the performance of the laser cooling material.
Impact of Trapped Helium Gas Bubble in Liquid Helium on the Cooling in High Magnetic Field

Liquid helium is used as the coolant for high field superconducting magnets or samples tested in the high magnetic field at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory. When the magnetic field is ramping up, the boil-off helium gas generated by heat losses in the coil and from external environment of the cryostat can be trapped in the liquid helium bath in a region where Bz · dBz/dz is less than -2100 T 2 due to the weakly diamagnetic property of helium. It results to the surfaces of the magnet or samples being covered partially or even fully with the accumulated helium gas instead of liquid helium. The very low thermal conductivity of helium gas may cause an inefficient cooling for the magnets or samples. In the beginning stage of YBCO coils development, the trapped gas bubble caused a temperature increase in the region of trapped gas bubble and prevented the test coils ramped up to a higher current. This raised an issue for the cooling of the 32-T magnet, which is to be cooled in a liquid helium bath, because the trapped gas bubble may cause inefficient cooling of the magnet in this gas bubble region. Relevant tests were performed, and the trapped gas bubble was observed in recent tests of the 32-T magnet prototype coils. The impact of the gas bubble on the cooling of the 32-T YBCO prototype coils was tested, and the test results are presented.
Fluidization enhancement of agglomerates of metal oxide nanopowders by microjets

The quality of gas–solid fluidization of agglomerates of nanoparticles has been greatly enhanced by adding a secondary flow in the form of a high-velocity jet produced by one or more micronozzles pointing vertically downward toward the distributor. The micronozzles produced a jet with sufficient velocity (hundreds of meters per second), turbulence, and shear to break-up large nanoagglomerates, prevent channeling, curtail bubbling, and promote liquid-like fluidization. For example, Aerosil R974, an agglomerate particulate fluidization (APF) type nanopowder, expanded up to 50 times its original bed height, and difficult to fluidize agglomerate bubbling fluidization (ABF) type nanopowders, such as Aeroxide TiO2 P25, were converted to APF type behavior, showing large bed expansions and homogeneous fluidization without bubbles. Microjet-assisted nanofluidization was also found to improve solids motion and prevent powder packing in an internal, is easily scaled-up, and can mix and blend different species of nanoparticles on the nanoscale. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010
Spontaneous abortion depresses female sexual receptivity in a viviparous arthropod

Abstract The ‘trading-up’ hypothesis for polyandry, which posits that females copulate with additional males as a means of improving on the quality of their first mating partner, has been proposed as a general explanation for mixed paternity in socially monogamous birds. As a corollary of this hypothesis, abnormally low reproductive output with a first partner should act as a strong stimulus for females to accept sperm from a new male. To test this prediction in a naturally polyandrous, sperm-storing, viviparous species, we restricted female Cordylochernes scorpioides pseudoscorpions to mating with a single male and then gave them the opportunity to remate with a different male after their first brood of embryos either aborted spontaneously, was experimentally removed, or was successfully carried to term. With complete brood failure presumably providing the strongest possible cue to females of a poor-quality first mate, the trading-up hypothesis would predict that females that aborted their first brood should have been significantly more sexually receptive than females that had produced a successful first brood. Instead, they were significantly less receptive. Furthermore, none of the sexually unreceptive, spontaneously aborting females produced a successful second brood, indicating that C. scorpioides females that copulate with a single male may become locked into cycles of brood failure followed by sexual unreceptivity. Our findings suggest that the negative impact of abortion on female sexual receptivity may place physiological constraints on the ability of viviparous females to use polyandry as a facultative mating strategy for improving on a bad first mate.
Unobtrusive Sleep Stage Identification Using a Pressure-Sensitive Bed Sheet

Sleep constitutes a big portion of our lives and is a major part of health and well-being. Monitoring the quality of sleep can aid in the medical diagnosis of a variety of sleep and psychiatric disorders and can serve as an indication of several chronic diseases. Sleep stage analysis plays a pivotal role in the evaluation of the quality of sleep and is a proven biometric in diagnosing cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity [32] . We describe an unobtrusive framework for sleep stage identification based on a high-resolution pressure-sensitive e-textile bed sheet. We extract a set of sleep-related biophysical and geometric features from the bed sheet and use a two-phase classification procedure for Wake—Non Rapid Eye Movement—Rapid Eye Movement stage identification. A total of seven all-night polysomnography recordings from healthy subjects were used to validate the proposed bed sheet system and the ability to extract sleep stage information from it. When compared with the gold standard, the described system achieved 70.3% precision and 71.1% recall on average. These results suggest that unobtrusive sleep macrostructure analysis could be a viable option in clinical and home settings in the near future. Compared with existing techniques for sleep stage identification, the described system is unobtrusive, fits seamlessly into the user's familiar sleep environment, and has additional advantages of comfort, low cost, and simplicity.
Functional screen of the fanconi anemia pathway in cancer cells by Fancd2 immunoblot.

The Fanconi genes BRCA2, FANCC and FANCG are mutated in a subset of pancreaticcancer. Additionally, the Fanconi pathway is inactivated, probably by methylation of theCpG island of FANCF, in a subset of ovarian cancers. The competence of the proximalFanconi pathway was screened by an assay of Fancd2 monoubiquitination in a panel of35 cancer cell lines: 15 breast, 6 prostate, 8 head and neck, 4 biliary cancers, anastrocytoma and a large cell lung carcinoma. Two (6 %) cell lines displayed abnormalFancd2 monoubiquitination: the head and neck cancer cell line FaDu and the breastcancer cell line UACC812. In UACC812, we found that FANCF was not expressed. Inthe case of FaDu, no explanation for the abnormal Fancd2 monoubiquitination wasfound. FaDu had a moderately increased sensitivity to mitomycin C, as compared to twoFanconi proficient head and neck cancer cell lines. These studies extend the number oftumor systems having Fanconi pathway defects. Future studies should aim to investigatethe involvement of defect...