cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Phase II Trial of MEK Inhibitor Binimetinib (MEK162) in RAS-mutant Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Abstract Background Relapsed and refractory (R/R) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) continues to be a therapeutic challenge with poor outcomes. Dysregulation of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase/extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK) pathway frequently occurs in AML and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Preclinical studies and early-phase trials have shown promise for MAP-ERK kinase (MEK) inhibition in AML. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of the MEK 1/2 inhibitor binimetinib in advanced myeloid malignancies. Patients and Methods Nineteen patients with R/R AML and MDS, who were not candidates for intensive chemotherapy or with disease resistance or intolerance to standard treatment were enrolled in the present phase II study of binimetinib dosed twice daily continuously in 28-day cycles. Results The median age of the cohort was 64 years (range, 31-85 years). These patients had received a median of 3 previous lines of therapy (range, 1-6). The median bone marrow blast percentage was 49% (range, 2%-94%), and 14 patients had RAS mutations. The patients received a median of 2 cycles (range, 1-4 cycles) of binimetinib and received treatment for a median duration of 1.2 months (range, 0.1-3.4 months). Sixteen patients (84%) received the 45-mg twice daily dose. The most common grade 3/4 treatment-emergent adverse events were hypokalemia (6%), hypotension (6%), lung infection (6%), and febrile neutropenia (6%). No treatment-related deaths occurred. One of the 13 evaluable patients (8%) achieved a complete response with incomplete blood count recovery lasting 2.1 months. The other 12 patients (92%) did not have a response. Six patients could not be evaluated. Conclusion Binimetinib had tolerable safety profile with a minimal response in RAS-mutant AML. Future studies should focus on better patient selection and synergistic combination therapies involving MEK inhibition.
Analyzing Early Signals of Older Adult Cognitive Impairment in Electronic Health Records

The aging population has led to an increase in cognitive impairment resulting in significant costs to patients, their families, and society. A research endeavor on a large cohort to better understand the frequency and severity of cognitive impairment is urgent to respond to the health needs of this population. However, little is known about temporal trends of patient health functions (i.e., activity of daily living) and how these trends are associated with the onset of cognitive impairment in older adults. Moreover, the use of rich source of clinical narratives in electronic health records to facilitate cognitive impairment research (i.e., topic analysis) has not been well explored. A study indicated that clinicians often delay a diagnosis of cognitive impairment and miss appropriate treatment of underlying diseases and comorbid conditions which may cause safety issues for the patient and others. This study is to characterize and better understand early signals of older adult cognitive impairment by examining temporal trends of patient activity of daily living and analyzing topics of patient medical conditions described in clinical narratives using semantic topic models.
Static structural and modal analysis of Micro Air Vehicle flapping wing with varying stiffness structures

Increased demand for undetected surveillance along with data sensing and gathering capabilities has encouraged the researchers to explore new avenues in micro and nano air vehicle technology. Successful employment of fixed and rotary wing micro air vehicles in a vast array of roles have encouraged the scientists to develop bio-inspired flapping-wing micro air vehicles hence surpassing them in hovering and sharp turning at low-speed capabilities. These vehicles mimic birds such as hummingbird and many more. Their wings are constrained from the root; flexible nature of their material inhibits deformations and torsion during the flapping motion. Static deflections may lead to buckling or loss of lift due to higher torsion angles. Moreover, the cyclic motion of the wings may lead to material degradation resulting in an increased twist. This effects their aerodynamic performance and in the worst case may lead to fatigue failure. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to design the flexible wing with appropriate stiffness distribution for deformation, which may result in desirable aerodynamic and structural performance. Material selection for the flapping-wing unlike fixed wings is complex in nature due to the anisotropic property of reinforcement members and membranes used in the design. In this research, a comparison of different wing designs has been carried out using commercial finite element analysis software. In the first step, different wings of varying stiffness structure patterns of a Zimmerman planform (mimicking the humming-bird) have been designed. They consist of thin flexible carbon fiber and latex rubber membranes of varying strengths. Wing designs of different membrane materials and structural reinforcement patterns have been analyzed and compared in this work. Four such wings with an aspect ratio of 7.65 (wing length and root chord of 75 mm and 25 mm root, respectively) have been designed with different placement patterns of stiffness battens. This paper focuses on the stress, strain, deformation and modal analysis of the wings of various design configurations as a reaction to static forces applied at leading edge tip of the wing. After the analysis of the obtained results, the thickness of reinforced material has been decreased to three-fifth and one-fifth of the original thickness. The refinement in wing design has enabled the selection of the optimum design for given models and materials. The results show that Spread Batten Wing made of Capran membrane, with batten and membrane thickness of 0.2mm and 0.014mm is better amongst the designed wings to handle a load of 6g at higher operating frequencies (>100Hz). Whereas at lower operating frequencies (<50Hz), reinforcement of 0.6mm members along with 0.14mm thick Capran membrane is suitable for Leading edge reinforced wing and Leading & Trailing Edge reinforced wing. This study will augment in the appropriate selection of material and stiffness members in design finalization of the micro aerial vehicle wing to avoid buckling, twisting, and failure at high frequencies.
Incorporating culturally responsive pedagogy within social-emotional learning interventions in urban schools: An international systematic review

Abstract The authors conducted a systematic 10-year review of the international use of social-emotional learning (SEL) interventions in urban schools that summarizes and examines the interventions used, the use of culturally responsive practices in each intervention, and student outcomes across 51 studies. Of these studies, five indicated the use of culturally responsive practices while none of the studies addressed the effects of discrimination on socio-emotional development. The authors discuss implications of these findings and make recommendations for future research on culturally responsive SEL interventions in urban schools internationally.
The Evolving Role of Pharmacists in Transgender Health Care

Abstract Pharmacists are increasingly part of a multifaceted team providing health care to members of the often marginalized transgender (TG) community. Some pharmacists, however, may feel unprepar...
All roads lead to quantitative finance

We are happy to respond to Clayton's letter, in spite of its confusions, as it will give us the opportunity to address more fundamental misunderstandings of the role of quantitative finance in gene...
Immunogenicity of High Dose Influenza Vaccine for Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease on Anti-TNF Monotherapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) on anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) agents may have lower immune response to the influenza vaccine. We aimed to evaluate the immunogenicity of the high dose (HD) vs standard dose (SD) influenza vaccine in patients with IBD on anti-TNF monotherapy. Methods We performed a randomized clinical trial at a single academic center evaluating the immunogenicity of the HD vs SD influenza vaccine in patients with IBD on anti-TNF monotherapy. Influenza antibody concentration was measured at immunization, at 2 to 4 weeks postimmunization, and at 6 months. Results Sixty-nine patients with IBD were recruited into the study, 40 on anti-TNF monotherapy, and 19 on vedolizumab, along with 20 healthy controls (HC). Patients with IBD receiving the HD influenza vaccine had significantly higher H3N2 postimmunization antibodies compared with those who received the SD influenza vaccine (160 [interquartile range 80 to 320] vs 80 [interquartile range 40 to 160]; P = 0.003). The H1N1 postimmunization levels were not significantly higher in the HD influenza vaccine (320 [interquartile range 150 to 320] vs 160 [interquartile range 80 to 320]; P = 0.18). Patients with IBD receiving the HD influenza vaccine and those on vedolizumab who received SD had equivalent antibody concentrations to HC (H1N1 P = 0.85; H3N2 P = 0.23; B/Victoria P = 0.20 and H1N1 P = 0.46; H3N2 P = 0.21; B/Victoria P = 1.00, respectively). Conclusions Patients with IBD on anti-TNF monotherapy receiving the HD influenza vaccine had significantly higher postimmunization antibody levels compared with SD vaccine. Clinicaltrials.gov (#NCT02461758).
Nutritional Support in Esophageal Cancer

This chapter explores the prevalence and diagnosis of malnutrition of esophageal cancer patients. Due to metabolic changes of the diagnosis and treatment side effects, importance should be on providing increased calorie and protein needs to prevent loss of lean body mass. Evidence-based research will be provided on enteral nutrition perioperative and postoperative, in addition to advancing diet. Treatment toxicities and interventions are addressed as provided by a registered dietitian.
Love and Lovers

This chapter reveals how Bowen’s passionate romantic experiences in life are reflected in her interest as a writer in the subject of modern love. Love with its new sexual freedoms is a devastating and absorbing emotion for her female characters—though not necessarily the men. Cameos of her marriage and relationships with lovers—male and female, intellectuals and writers—are spotlighted: Humphry House, Goronwy Rees, Sean O’Faolain, May Sarton, and most importantly, Charles Ritchie. Her romantic experiences reveal passions and dissonances in her temperament that dispel the “reserved” Bowen myth and that fuel her writing. The joys, frustrations and disappointments of newly liberated women enter into her writing and lead us to read her novels, The House in Paris, The Heat of the Day, and To the North in new ways.
Triggerable Ion Release in Polymerized Ionic Liquids Containing Thermally Labile Diels–Alder Linkages

Controlling the mobile ion content of ion-containing polymers is critical for advanced organic electronic applications. Here, we report a chemical strategy for achieving “on-demand” release of ions...
USING OPTIMIZATION—PRACTICAL ESSENTIALS

In Part I, we presented some prerequisite material for our study of optimization: and introduction to Matlab, and some elementary mathematics. In Part II, we learned what we needed to explore what optimization is all about, and the important role it can play in your life as and engineer, scientist, business person, or anyone dealing with improving things quantitatively (e.g., performance and cost). In Part III, we get into the thick of things! We learn what we need to know to credibly address optimization problems in practice. Specifically, the topics presented, with the chapter numbers, are given below: 6. Multiobjective Optimization 7. Numerical Essentials 8. Global Optimization Basics 9. Discrete Optimization Basics 10. Practicing Optimization—Larger Examples
Tentorial Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas as a Cause of Thalamic Edema: 2 Cases of an Important Differential Diagnosis to Consider:

The differential diagnosis for bilateral thalamic edema is extensive and includes vascular, neoplastic, metabolic, and infectious causes. Of the vascular causes of thalamic edema, arterial and venous infarctions are well-documented, but dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs) are a relatively uncommon and widely underrecognized cause of thalamic edema. Dural AVFs are notoriously difficult to diagnose clinically, especially in the absence of hemorrhage, and cross-sectional imaging findings can be subtle. This can result in a delayed diagnosis, and occasionally, an invasive biopsy for further clarification of a purely vascular disease. In this review, we detail our experience with the imaging diagnosis of dAVF as a cause of thalamic edema and present a short differential of other vascular causes.
Recruitment and Retention of Occupational Therapy Practitioners and Students of Color: A Qualitative Study.

Importance Matching the demographics of health professionals and patient populations increases access to quality care. However, a consensus has not been reached regarding the most effective strategies for recruitment and retention of diverse practitioners. Objective To answer the question "What are the perceived challenges to and facilitators of the recruitment and retention of occupational therapy practitioners (OTPs) and students of color?" Design A qualitative interpretive, constructionist design was used. Purposive recruitment that used convenience sampling was conducted at the 2017 American Occupational Therapy Association Annual Conference & Expo and via the National Black Occupational Therapy Caucus Facebook group. Data were collected online from three focus groups and four interviews. Setting Online through social media. Participants The total sample included 5 OTPs and 7 students; 91.7% identified as African-American or Black. Outcomes and measures Inductive analysis was used to interpret the open-ended questions. After transcription, each interview or focus group transcript was reviewed with Colaizzi's seven-step method of data analysis. Results Five themes were identified: (1) lack of representation in and knowledge about occupational therapy, (2) feeling like an outsider, (3) need for financial support, (4) individualized mentor-mentee relationships, and (5) connections with national organizations specifically for people of color. Conclusions and relevance This study identified experiences of OTPs and students of color and how identified barriers can be addressed. Implications for the profession include purposive recruitment, professional development for faculty, provision of mentoring, and financial support. Future research should focus on creation and evaluation of evidence-based strategies for the recruitment and retention of students of color in occupational therapy. What this article adds This study provided voices of OTPs and students of color regarding challenges and facilitators experienced in the profession. With an accurate understanding of experiences of people of color, effective strategies can be developed to foster their successful transition into the occupational therapy workforce.
Fatty Acid Data and Crop Surveys Indicate Sources of Red Sunflower Seed Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Populations and Suggest Strategies for Management.

The red sunflower seed weevil, Smicronyx fulvus L., is a univoltine seed-feeding pest of cultivated sunflower, Helianthus annuus L. Artificial infestations of S. fulvus onto sunflowers with traditional ( 80%) fatty acid profiles were used to test if fatty acids could be used as natural markers to estimate the proportion of weevils developing on oilseed sunflowers rather than wild Helianthus spp. and confection (non-oil) types. Oleic acid (%) in S. fulvus confirmed the fatty acid compositions of mature larvae and weevil adults reflected their diets, making primary (oleic or linoleic) fatty acids feasible as natural markers for this crop-insect combination. Oleic acid in wild S. fulvus populations in North Dakota suggests at least 84 and 90% of adults originated from mid-oleic or high oleic sunflower hybrids in 2017 and 2018, respectively. Surveys in 2017 (n = 156 fields) and 2019 (n = 120 fields) extended information provided by S. fulvus fatty acid data; no significant spatial patterns of S. fulvus damage were detected in samples, damage to oilseed sunflowers was greater than confection (non-oil) types, and the majority of damage occurred in ≈10% of surveyed fields. Combined, data suggest a few unmanaged or mismanaged oilseed sunflower fields are responsible for producing most S. fulvus in an area. Improved management seems possible with a combination of grower education and expanded use of non-insecticidal tactics, including cultural practices and S. fulvus-resistant hybrids.
Verifying the role of 3-hydroxy of 17-cyclopropylmethyl-4,5α-epoxy-3,14β-dihydroxy-6β-[(4′-pyridyl) carboxamido]morphinan derivatives via their binding affinity and selectivity profiles on opioid receptors

In the present study, the role of 3-hydroxy group of a series of epoxymorphinan derivatives in their binding affinity and selectivity profiles toward the opioid receptors (ORs) has been investigated. It was found that the 3-hydroxy group was crucial for the binding affinity of these derivatives for all three ORs due to the fact that all the analogues 1a-e exhibited significantly higher binding affinities compared to their counterpart 3-dehydroxy ones 6a-e. Meanwhile most compounds carrying the 3-hydroxy group possessed similar selectivity profiles for the kappa opioid receptor over the mu opioid receptor as their corresponding 3-dehydroxy derivatives. [35S]-GTPγS functional assay results indicated that the 3-hydroxy group of these epoxymorphinan derivatives was important for maintaining their potency on the ORs with various effects. Further molecular modeling studies helped comprehend the remarkably different binding affinity and functional profiles between compound 1c (NCP) and its 3-dehydroxy analogue 6c.
Selecting Committees

In selecting a committee, voters are often concerned with the over all composition of the committee rather than simply selecting a single individual as their representative. We give two examples of elections at Wheaton College in Massachusetts that illustrate the complexity of preferences that voters may have for the relationships among the individual candidates. These preferences cannot be separated into preferences on the individual candidates and are not detectable from only a voter's top-ranked committee. We outline the questions this raises for the design of committee elections in general and propose directions for future work.
Electron Gun-Based Magnetic Probe

Accurate magnetic field measurements are fundamental to the construction, testing, and certification of magnetic systems. Often, in high accuracy systems, the measurement technique and its implementation may involve a considerable effort. One such example of this type of system is undulators for light sources. Advanced undulators require several magnetic measurements at different stages during their construction. Every magnet block, composed of several magnetic poles, must be measured individually and sorted based on the magnetic moment results. There are two degrees of freedom for each pole. First, for tuning the vertical field, a pole may be moved, and, second, the local gap formed by a top and bottom pole may also be adjusted for vertical and horizontal field errors. Usually, undulators are assembled with a collection of periodic blocks surveyed to assess their accurate positions. The final process of fine-tuning the undulators requires the magnetic measurements of the whole assembly.
Specificity of Exercise and Specificity of Training: A Subcellular Review

Abstract Available evidence clearly suggests that the subcellular adaptations to training for competitive events are specific, i.e., that adaptations within the muscle are dependent upon the specific program employed. The concept of specificity of exercise is supported by both metabolic specificity and the contribution of different muscle fiber types. The significance of these findings on the proper selection of competitive activities for an athlete is discussed.
Cardiac hypertrophy: Old concepts, new perspectives

Growth of the heart in hypertrophy is accompanied by changes in the phenotypic expression of cardiac genes. To explore the molecular basis of cardiac hypertrophy, we have analyzed the regulation of myosin heavy chain gene (MHC) expression. In one set of experiments, pressure overload on the rat heart was produced by constriction of the abdominal aorta. Changes in the α and β-MHC mRNA were then studied in overloaded hearts and following load removal. Pressure overload resulted in down-regulation of the α-MHC with corresponding up-regulation of the steady state level of β-MHC mRNA. Load removal (debanding) resulted in regression of cardiac hypertrophy and a rapid return of α-MHC mRNA to normal values. In contrast, the recovery in β-MHC mRNA was much slower to the extent that it remained substantially elevated compared to respective sham controls even after 7 weeks of post-debanding. These results suggest that putative load-related signals independently regulate two genes. Several lines of evidence indicate that adrenergic nervous system plays an important role in the induction and maintenance of cardiac hypertrophy and in the redistribution of myosin isoforms. We have analyzed the effect of cAMP inducing agents on the regulation of α-MHC gene in primary cultures of the fetal (18 day) rat cardiac myocyte. Inclusion of 8 Br-cAMP in the culture media increased the expression of α-MHC promoter/reporter construct comprising of 2.9 kb upstream sequence of the α-MHC gene. Several deletion mutations in the α- MHC gene promoter defined the cAMP responsive boundaries to be a 32 bp region comprising of -71 to -40 bp sequences. Deletion of this region resulted in loss of cAMP response as well as in basal expression of α-MHC promoter/reporter construct. These data suggest a role of β-adrenergic pathway in the modulation of α-MHC gene expression. (Mol Cell Biochem 176: 273–279, 1997)
Race, Belonging, and Participation in Religious Congregations

Significant effort has gone into understanding and promoting racial diversity in congregations. Still, uniting worshippers of different races remains a challenging endeavor. Even congregations that successfully attract worshippers of different races often have difficulty sustaining their multiracial composition. This study contributes to the discussion of race and religion by examining racial group differences in belonging and participation in congregations. Drawing on organizational ecology theory, we develop four hypotheses to test whether and how racial group size corresponds to congregational commitment. Results of multilevel modeling using 2001 U.S. Congregational Life Survey data reveal that those who are a part of a congregation's largest racial group possess a stronger sense of belonging and participate at a deeper level than congregants of other races. Moreover, differences in belonging and participation by racial group persist regardless of group size.
Intestinal absorption of biotin in the rat.

We examined the absorption of biotin using the in vivo intestinal loop technique. Jejunal segments from male rats were filled with solutions containing (/sup 3/H)biotin and (/sup 14/C)inulin in Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer, pH 6.5. Absorption was determined on the basis of luminal tritium disappearance after correction for inulin recovery. At biotin concentrations of 0.1 and 5.0 microM, luminal biotin disappearance was linear for at least 10 min. At biotin concentrations ranging from 2.3 nM to 75 microM, 10-28% of the administered dose was absorbed in 10 min. The concentration dependence of luminal biotin disappearance is consistent with the presence of both saturable and nonsaturable (linear) components of biotin uptake, with estimated Km = 9.6 microM and Jmax = 75.2 pmol/(2.5 cm loop X min). The rate constant for nonsaturable uptake is 3.1 pmol/(2.5 cm loop X min X microM). We conclude that at biotin concentrations less than 5 microM, biotin absorption proceeds largely by the saturable process, whereas at concentrations above 25 microM, nonsaturable uptake predominates. Additional studies demonstrated significantly less biotin uptake in the ileum than in the jejunum, a finding in agreement with previous in vitro studies.
β-catenin in dendritic cells plays both positive and negative roles in regulating anti-tumor CD8 T cell responses

We have previously shown that tumor-induced β-catenin activation in DCs suppresses CD8 + T cell responses by inhibiting cross-priming. We have now reported that activation of β-catenin in DCs (β-catenin active DCs) inhibited cross-priming by up-regulating mTOR-dependent IL-10. However, vaccination of DC-β-catenin -/- (CD11c-specific deletion of β-catenin) mice surprisingly exhibited reduced anti-tumor immunity. Further studies revealed that β-catenin-regulated IL-10 in DCs plays a positive role in the maintenance of primed CD8 + T cells. Thus, β-catenin in DCs exerts both negative and positive functions in cross-priming and maintenance of CD8 + T cells through its regulation of IL-10, respectively. Based on the novel dual roles of β-catenin, we have further demonstrated that blocking β-catenin pharmacologically during priming phase improves anti-tumor efficacy of DC vaccine. Journal of Nature and Science, 1(5):e97, 2015
On the phagocytic inclusion of carmine particles by sarcoma cells growing in vitro with consequent staining of the cell granules

The cells of rat and mouse sarcomata when cultivated in vitro show active amœboid movements and wander for considerable distances into the surrounding plasma. Upon adding finely powdered carmine particles to the plasma medium the wandering tumor cells take up the particles in an active phagocytic manner. The carmine particles within the cells are easily distinguishable by their opacity and angularity. The carmine is partially dissolved within the cell and brings into evidence the granules of the cytoplasm. These granules are round, of very constant size and are stained pink by the carmine. They occupy the entire cytoplasm. By means of Altmann's fixative and stain exactly similar granular pictures are obtained.
Effects of Variable Mortality and Recruitment on Performance of Catch-Curve Residuals as Indicators of Fish Year-Class Strength

Abstract We built a simulation model to assess the performance of catch-curve residuals as an index of year-class strength for a short-lived and a long-lived fish life history type across a range of assumed values for the variation in recruitment (CV R ) and fishing mortality (CV F ). The magnitude of CV R strongly influenced the utility of catch-curve residuals in assessing year-class strength. The probability of finding a significant correlation between catch-curve residuals and true recruitment values exceeded 0.9 when CV R was greater than 0.5 for the long-lived and greater than 1.0 for the short-lived life history types. This suggests that larger recruitment values have a greater probability of being successfully “tracked” through the age structure. Conversely, the magnitude of interannual variation in fishing mortality weakly influenced the performance of catch-curve residuals. The inspection of individual catch-curve residuals relative to the known recruitment values that produced them showed consi...
Injection- seeded optoplasmonic amplifier in the visible

An injection-seeded, WGM resonator-based amplifier has been demonstrated. Synergy between the gain medium, WGM spectrum, and the Raman modes of the amplifier constituents is fundamental. The estimated optical gain is ~ 30 dB.
Formulation of pharmaceuticals for the diabetic

In a study of the use of alcohol, glycerin, and propylene glycol in pharmaceuticals for diabetics, it was found that alcohol given in four divided doses of 0.45 cc./Kg. each at one-hour intervals did not raise the blood sugar to any greater extent than did water given in a similar manner. Fluctuation in the blood sugar curves of the animals, caused by excitation, prevented accurate determination of the effects of alcohol and water and could not be satisfactorily overcome by anesthesia with pentobarbital sodium or by partial anesthesia with urethane. Morphine showed more promising results, indicating a need for further study.
Academic Knowledge and Expert Authority in American Economics

Connection to academic knowledge is a defining feature of modern expertise, and it is often treated as the key to maintaining professional authority. It is unclear, however, just where and when it has to be made and how it might fail. Interviews with economists working in a variety of different settings in the United States suggest that most of their academic knowledge is too abstract to be of much substantive use, and their academic standards of scientific rigor may play only a minor role in legitimizing their day-to-day authority. This does not threaten their status, however, because economists have become entrenched in a variety of organizational settings as possessors of a craft-like “core” of valuable skills. The momentum of this basic institutionalization suggests that although connection to elite academic knowledge is a defining characteristic of modern expertise, it may not always be central to explaining ongoing expert authority.
A note concerning the duals of nonplanar networks

In 1962 Erdei presented a method of constructing dual networks (as defined by Bloch) for nonplanar networks without the use of ideal transformers. In this letter we bring up a case for discussion. The difficulty which we encounter in this case indicates that the basis of Erdei's method needs a careful reexamination.
A series of ruthenium(II) ester-carbene complexes as olefin metathesis initiators: metathesis of acrylates

Abstract A series of ester-carbene complexes was synthesized. These complexes were found to be highly active for the metathesis of olefinic substrates, including acrylates and trisubstituted olefins. In addition, the ester-carbene moiety is thermodynamically high in energy. As a result, these complexes react to ring-open cyclohexene by metathesis to alleviate the thermodynamic strain of the ester-carbene ligand.
The importance of schedule in whole body thermochemotherapy.

Purpose: To determine an effective triple-agent schedule combining fever-range whole body thermal therapy (FR-WB-TT) with cisplatin and gemcitabine by optimizing the timing of drug with heat, and drug with drug.Materials and methods: Using an orthotopically implanted syngeneic breast adenocarcinoma in an immunologically normal female Fischer rat model, we investigated various schedules of a thermochemotherapy regimen combining FR-WB-TT with chemotherapy agents, cisplatin and gemcitabine. Differently timed combinations of a) cisplatin with FR-WB-TT, b) gemcitabine with FR-WB-TT, and c) cisplatin with gemcitabine were examined for anti-tumor efficacy and toxicity. A combination of the three agents based on the optimal two-agent schedules was then tested.Results: The greatest primary tumor and axillary metastasis growth delay and lowest toxicity was induced with administration of cisplatin 24 h prior to gemcitabine and cisplatin 24 h prior to simultaneous gemcitabine and FR-WB-TT. Administering cisplatin 24 ...
Progesterone Retention by Rat Uterus I: Pharmacokinetics after Uterine Intraluminal Instillation

Tritium-labeled progesterone was administered to mature female rats in the proestrous stage by three different routes, gastric intubation, subcutaneous injection, and uterine intraluminal instillation, to study the kinetics involved in the uptake and retention of radioactivity by the uterus and various other tissues. Progesterone was retained at a much higher level and for a more prolonged period in the rat uterus after uterine intraluminal instillation. Progesterone bioavailability to the uterus was 45 times higher by uterine intraluminal instillation than by either gastric intubation or subcutaneous injection. Progesterone absorption by the rat endometrium was extremely fast. The observed biphasic decrease of radioactivity from the uterine tissue was explained adequately by a pharmacokinetic model in which progesterone is assumed to be present in two compartments within the uterine tissue. The pharmacokinetic parameters showed that the progesterone biological half-life in the uterine tissue during the a-phase was about 6.5 min while that in the β-phase was about 230 min.
Terrorism and Civil Liberties in the United States: How to Have Both Freedom and Security

Why have some democratic states maintained their civil liberties in times of emergency while other states have seen serious infringements of civil liberties? The key variable in explaining this variation is not the extent of the emergency provisions, but whether the measures themselves undermined the institutional constraints (the legislature, judiciary, and the press) that might have protected civil liberties. This distinction challenges the very notion that there is a tradeoff between liberties and security. With extensive oversight over the use of emergency powers, those powers can be broad enough to be effective, yet still be relatively safe for democracy and liberty.
Cardiovascular and Other Physiological Correlates of Hibernation in Aquatic and Terrestrial Turtles

Recent research has provided new insight into the physiology of hibernation in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial turtles. In this paper I review what is known about the mechanisms that permit the hearts of these turtles to withstand several months of hypoxia or anoxia. I also report new research that indicates that a terrestrial turtle, unlike freshwater and marine species, does not experience hypoxia in its winter burrow and thus does not rely on glycolysis to supply ATP, at least under moderate winter conditions.
Designs for studying retroaction and transfer simultaneously

A balancing schema was described in which first and second lists were used equally often in all conditions, making it feasible to study both transfer and retroactive inhibition in the same experiment. Two examples, varying in complexity and variety of interlist relationships, served as illustrations of the procedure. Finally, further advantages and potential limitations of this type of list balancing were discussed.
Abstract B28: Pro-survival role of p53 in regulating epidermal differentiation

It is well established that in response to diverse stress signals, the p53 tumor suppressor prevents growth of abnormal cells by inducing senescence or apoptosis. However, recent studies have shown that p53 can contribute to pro-survival pathways such as innate immune response, metabolic regulation and antioxidant defense against reactive-oxygen species (ROS). Here we demonstrate a novel role of p53 in regulating an epidermal differentiation program. Using microarray and real-time PCR, we found that p53 activates the expression of genes within the human and mouse epidermal differentiation complex (EDC), including genes within the cornified envelope precursor family and the fused gene family. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assay demonstrated direct p53 binding and activation of a cornified envelope precursor gene. Activation of p53 by ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation or via nutlin-3 led to a dose-dependent increase in expression of those genes, and this increase was inhibited in cells with downregulated p53. The p53-dependent expression of the EDC genes was not limited to keratinocytes, but also detected in other cell types, suggesting additional functions of these genes normally attributed to keratinocyte differentiation and formation of the cornified envelope. These findings identify a novel p53-regulated differentiation pathway and suggest that differentiation may be another pro-survival component of its tumor suppressor function. Citation Format: Martina Kracikova, Gal Akiri, Stuart A. Aaronson. Pro-survival role of p53 in regulating epidermal differentiation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Third AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; Sep 18-22, 2013; National Harbor, MD. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(19 Suppl):Abstract nr B28.
A model of oxygen diffusion in absorbing tissue

Abstract A mathematical model is presented which describes the diffusion of oxygen in absorbing tissue, and numerical solutions of its partial differential equation are obtained by orthogonal collocation. The diffusion with absorption model accounts for the presence of a moving boundary which marks the furthest penetration of oxygen into the absorbing medium and also allows for an initial distribution of oxygen through the absorbing tissue. The model predictions may be used in the development of time variant radiation treatments of cancerous tumors, so that the dosage of radiation could be varied with the changing oxygen concentration. Simple expressions are also presented for evaluating the surface oxygen concentration, the rate of consumption of oxygen per unit volume of absorbing tissue, and the point of innermost oxygen penetration.
LP-7: Late-News Paper: A Simple LCOS Optical System

In this article we present a simple optical engine system that using the wired grid component to construct the LCOS engine. The performance of this optical engine (ITRIBOX) is suitable for the portable applications.
On two questions about circular choosability

We answer two questions of Zhu on circular choosability of graphs. We show that the circular list chromatic number of an even cycle is equal to 2 and give an example of a graph for which the infimum in the definition of the circular list chromatic number is not attained. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 58:261-269, 2008
A free boundary problem for a Hamilton-Jacobi equation arising in ion etching

In this paper, we study a model arising in the fabrication of a semiconductor device by ion etching. In this model, we have two different materials with their respective sputtering functions fi (i = 1,2); one material is on the top of the other as shown in Fig. 1, and their common material boundary is given by y =g(x). Let us denote by (I) the region in the (x, t) plane where the upper material is located, and by (II) the region in the (x, t) plane where the
Research topics, author's specialty, and funding sources of articles published in an Emergency Medicine Journal

All original articles published in JACEP and Annals of Emergency Medicine in 1972, 1975, 1978, and 1981 were reviewed and classified according to topic, author's specialty, and funding source. The number of articles published in each category was as follows: toxicology, 44; emergency medical services (EMS), 34; general surgery, 31; emergency department, 28; educational techniques, 19; orthopedics, 17; cardiovascular disease, 15; pulmonary, 13; cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), 10; shock, 8; airway management, 8; and other, 71. The number of authors per article ranged from one to eight; the mean number of authors increased from 1.1 in 1972 to 2.6 in 1981 (P less than .001). The authors' backgrounds most frequently included were as follows: emergency medicine, 53.4%; surgery, 12.8%; internal medicine, 7.9%; and pediatrics, 1.6%. The percentage of articles with specific funding sources increased from 2.9% in 1972 to 25% in 1978, then decreased to 14.3% in 1981. The percentage for each funding source was as follows: government, 7.9%; industry, 2.0%; university, 3.3%; foundation, 2.0%; other, 1.0%; and none, 83.8%. This study demonstrates that there is a defined body of knowledge in emergency medicine, that emergency physicians author the majority of publications in this emergency medicine journal, and that emergency medicine is not supported by traditional funding sources.
The evolution of public review and oversight mechanisms in human gene transfer research: joint roles of the FDA and NIH

The federal government is critically examining its responsibilities and opportunities for bringing the new field of gene therapy to fruition and for assuring public confidence in this new area of biomedicine. The evolving mechanisms for review and regulation in human gene transfer studies in the United States are being enhanced by increasingly effective interactions between the Food and Drug Administration and the National Institutes of Health.
Responsibility allocation for child injury: victim age and positive vs. negative framing of manufacturer's safety policy

Two experiments examined allocation of responsibility in the context of a fictitious, but realistic, product-use scenario in which a young girl suffers serious brain injury after consuming a product with a non-obvious hazard (marshmallows). The research investigated whether the responsibility allocated to the various parties would depend on the age of the child and whether the manufacturer took, or failed to take, precautions. Scenarios given to participants stated the age of the girl as 1½ years, 4 years, 8 years, or 16 years and had positive, negative, or no supplemental information about the manufacturer and its safety practices. Both experiments showed that the parents were considered most responsible for a young child's injury, but the allocation decreased with the older child. When negative information about the manufacturer's safety practices was given, allocations of responsibility for the girl's injury to the manufacturer increased significantly. In Experiment 2, the presence of warnings in the p...
Foveal structure-function correlation in children with history of retinopathy of prematurity.

Purpose To correlate visual acuity to macular spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) anomalies detected in children with a history of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Design Retrospective cohort study. Methods All charts of children with a history of ROP between 2 and 18 years of age and with SD OCT performed between 2010 and 2012 were reviewed. Central foveal thickness was measured and correlated with visual acuity. Secondary outcome measures included temporal parafoveal thickness, presence of the inner nuclear layer and outer segment, gestational age at birth, sex, spherical equivalent, history of laser treatment, and developmental delay. Results The study included 44 better-seeing eyes of 44 patients. Sixty-four percent (28/44) of patients in our study had 20/40 or better visual acuity despite an abnormal foveal morphology in 91% of total eyes. Conclusion Patients with a history of ROP demonstrate a high frequency of macular morphologic abnormalities, including retention of inner retinal layers and absent foveal depression, on SD OCT. These structural changes do not always correlate to visual acuity. Instead it appears that cone maturation may be a better indicator of visual acuity. In addition, there is a significant correlation between best-corrected visual acuity and myopia.
Correlates and Consequences of the Pair Bond in Steller's Jays

Individuals that maintain pair bonds over multiple breeding attempts are often able to improve reproductive success compared to conspecifics that switch partners. However, the behavioral mechanisms driving this ‘mate familiarity effect’ are still largely unknown. We investigated whether long-standing pairs in the long-lived, socially monogamous Steller’s jay improved their coordination of movements and behaviors, invested more time in pair bond maintenance, or became more compatible in their tendency to take risks over time compared to newly established pairs. We then compared these pair bond characteristics for successful and unsuccessful partnerships in terms of producing offspring. Jay partners regularly perched together, gave soft contact calls and travelled as a pair even in the non-breeding season. However, the proportion of observations jay partners spent in each other’s company (pair tenacity) was unrelated to risktaking behavior of pair members, pair bond duration, or the performance of subtle pair bond maintenance behaviors (i.e., a principle component of behaviors, including soft contact calls, proximity to mates, and frequency of arrival and departure flights with mate). However, evidence suggests that reproductive performance still improved in continuing compared to new pair bonds in Steller’s jays. Variation in pair tenacity and frequency of pair bond behaviors may be inconsequential because of jays’ overall high level of contact with partners. Additionally, if jays are able to maximize familiarity early in the pair bond through high overall pair tenacity, the additional benefit of increasing coordination and familiarity with increasing pair bond age may be limited.
Chemical speciation of premixed ethylbenzene flames at the soot onset limit at various (ϕ,Tϕ,T) pairs

Abstract This work investigates the similarities/differences of one-dimensional, laminar, atmospheric pressure premixed ethylbenzene flames at their soot onset threshold ( ϕ critical ). The goals of this investigation are to contrast the entire temperature profiles of the flames at various critical equivalence ratios, ϕ critical , and to report on hydrocarbon specie profiles. Liquid ethylbenzene was pre-vaporized in nitrogen, blended with an oxygen–nitrogen mixture and, upon ignition, premixed flat flames were stabilized over a burner at atmospheric pressure. The C/O ratio was regulated and simultaneously the temperature profile was adjusted by varying the heat lost from the flame to the burner, to obtain visually similar flames, all at their apparent soot onset limit. Temperature profiles of five such flames were determined with thermocouples. The results indicate that as the axial temperature profiles in the flames rose, ϕ critical ((C/O)critical) also increased. Sampling was performed at various heights along the axes of three of these flames ( ϕ c 1 = 1.68 , ϕ c 2 = 1.74 and ϕ c 3 = 1.83 ) to monitor changes in chemical speciation. The mole fractions of CO increased in the order of increasing equivalence ratio and hence increasing flame temperature. The CO2 mole fractions of the three flames were similar. However, the mole fractions of light hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), which are suspected soot precursors, decreased in the order of increasing equivalence ratio and hence increasing flame temperature. Whereas direct measurements of particulate matter in the flame were not made in this work, these observations on soot precursors along with theoretical flame emissivity considerations suggest that particulate loadings at the sooting limit also decreased in the order of increasing equivalence ratio and hence increasing flame temperature.
Tibial plateau coverage in total knee arthroplasty

Optimizing coverage of the resected tibial plateau is an important consideration in total knee arthroplasty. The tibial coverage of eight different tibial tray designs was examined in 35 resected tibial specimens. When no component overlap was permitted, the average tibial coverage of the different designs ranged from 76.4% to 80.8%. When the component was allowed slight overlap, a "surgical fit," the average coverage ranged from 78.5% to 85.5%. As a group, the six symmetric designs provided more coverage than the two asymmetric designs (p < 0.05). Areas of poor coverage were identified, and different tray geometries were compared. Asymmetric tibial components are thought to be more anatomic in nature and therefore cover the tibial plateau surface more completely than symmetric components. The results of this study do not support this, and in fact demonstrate that symmetric components can provide more coverage when compared with two asymmetric component designs.