cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Avian Renal Riboflavinuria: 7. Riboflavin-Binding Protein Transport and Half-Life

Abstract THE transfer of riboflavin from blood to the yolk and albumen of the egg is dependent upon the presence of a riboflavin-binding protein (RBP) in the blood of the laying hen (Winter et al., 1967). Production of functional RBP is controlled by a single gene (Maw, 1954). The quantity of protein produced is a function of gene density. The level of RBP in heterozygous birds (Rdrd) is one-half that found in normal (RdRd) birds (Farrell et al., 1970a). RBP occurs in the blood of the RdRd and Rdrd hens only during the period of laying but can be induced in immature and mature males and females by injection of estradiol (Farrell et al., 1970b; Clagett et al., 1970). It has been postulated that the rdrd genotype transfers little or no riboflavin to the egg because, in the absence of RBP, the vitamin absorbed from the diet is eliminated by the…
Diagnostic value of clonality of surface immunoglobulin light and heavy chains in malignant lymphoproliferative disorders

Cell suspensions from the peripheral blood of B-chronic lymphoid leukemias (B-CLL, n = 274) and reactive lymphocytosis (RLC, n = 132) and from solid tissue samples of B-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL, n = 466) and reactive lymphadenopathy (RLA, n = 324) were analyzed to evaluate the diagnostic value of clonality of L- and H- chains in B-CLL and B-NHL. Cutoff levels for monoclonal L-chain (mono-L) and monoclonal H-chain (mono-H) were defined. In B-CLL, the association patterns of L- and H- chains were as follows: mono-L/mono-H, 245 cases (89.42%); mono-L/polyclonal H chain (poly-H), 4 (1.46%); polyclonal L chain (poly-L)/mono-H, 2 (0.73%); poly-L/poly-H, 2 (0.73%); undetected (und)-L/mono-H, 6 (2.19%); and und-L/und-H, 15 (5.47%). In B-NHL, the association patterns were mono-L/mono-H, 433 cases (92.92%); mono-L/poly-H, 4 (0.86%); poly-L/mono-H, 8 (1.72%); poly-L/poly-H, 2 (0.43%); und-L/mono-H, 4 (0.86%); and und-L/und-H, 15 (3.22%). Monoclonality of H chains are complementary to L-chain restriction, especially in the cases with poly-L or und-L, and should be considered as a positive criterion in determining surface immunoglobulin (SIg) clonality. Monoclonality of SIg assessed by both L and H chains is both sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of B-CLL and B-NHL, and their differentiation from RLC and RLA, since none of the cases of RLC and RLA showed monoclonal SIg.
A Platform for Gastric Cancer Screening in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide and screening programs have had a significant impact on reducing mortality. The majority of cases occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), where endoscopy resources are traditionally limited. In this paper, we introduce a platform designed to enable inexpensive gastric screening to take place in remote areas of LMIC. The system consists of a swallowable endoscopic capsule connected to an external water distribution system by a multichannel soft tether. Pressurized water is ejected from the capsule to orient the view of the endoscopic camera. After completion of a cancer screening procedure, the outer shell of the capsule and the soft tether can be disposed, while the endoscopic camera is reclaimed without needing further reprocessing. The capsule, measuring 12 mm in diameter and 28 mm in length, is able to visualize the inside of the gastric cavity by combining waterjet actuation and the adjustment of the tether length. Experimental assessment was accomplished through a set of bench trials, ex vivo analysis, and in vivo feasibility validation. During the ex vivo trials, the platform was able to visualize the main landmarks that are typically observed during a gastric cancer screening procedure in less than 8 min. Given the compact footprint, the minimal cost of the disposable parts, and the possibility of running on relatively available and inexpensive resources, the proposed platform can potentially widen gastric cancer screening programs in LMIC.
Evaluation of hyperelastic models for the non-linear and non-uniform high strain-rate mechanics of tibial cartilage

Abstract Accurate modeling of the high strain-rate response of healthy human knee cartilage is critical to investigating the mechanism(s) of knee osteoarthritis and other cartilage disorders. Osteoarthritis has been suggested to originate from regional shifts in joint loading during walking and other high strain-rate physical activities. Tibial plateau cartilage under compression rates analogous to walking exhibits a non-linear and location-dependent mechanical response. A constitutive model of cartilage that efficiently predicts the non-linear and non-uniform high strain-rate mechanics of tibial plateau cartilage is important for computational studies of osteoarthritis development. A transversely isotropic hyperelastic statistical chain model has been developed. The model's ability to simulate the 1-strain/s unconfined compression response of healthy human tibial plateau articular cartilage has been assessed, along with two other hyperelastic statistical chain models. The transversely isotropic model exhibited a superior fit to the non-linear stress–strain response of the cartilage. Furthermore, the model maintained its predictive capability after being reduced from four degrees of freedom to one. The remaining material constant of the model, which represented the local collagen density of the tissue, demonstrated a regional dependence in close agreement with physiological variations in collagen density and cartilage modulus in human knees. The transversely isotropic eight-chain network of freely jointed chains with a regionally-dependent material constant represents a novel and efficient approach for modeling the complex response of human tibial cartilage under high strain-rate compression. The anisotropy and microstructural variations of the cartilage matrix dictate the model's response, rendering it directly applicable to computational modeling of the human knee.
Fractionation of the enzymes of the barley aleurone layer: Evidence for a soluble mode of enzyme release.

Aleurone cells of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) contain microbodies as determined by histochemical localization with diaminobenzidine. These microbodies can be isolated from both water and gibberellic acid (GA3) treated cells and identified on sucrose density gradients as glyoxysomes on the basis of their buoyant densities (1.25 g cm-3) and their enzyme complement. Fractionation of aleurone layer homogenates by differential centrifugation after varying times of exposure to GA3, however, does not indicate the presence of a discrete secretory vesicle containing either α-amylase or β-1,3-glucanase. Cytological evidence also suggests that at least β-1,3-glucanase is not released from these cells by means of a discrete secretory vesicle.
Polycrystalline pentacene thin films for large area electronic applications

Abstract The growth of and the electronic transport in pentacene films on organic and inorganic dielectrics were studied. The morphology and structural properties of pentacene films are clearly correlated with the deposition parameters and substrate properties. To study the electronic properties we have formed inverted staggered transistors. The mobility in the transistors is correlated with the structural properties of the films and increases with crystal size. The TFTs exhibit typical mobilities of 0.4 cm 2 / V s and on/off ratios >108 on thermal oxide and smooth silicon nitride. The dielectric's influence on device performance will be discussed.
Cyclic amines are selective cytotoxic agents for pigmented cells

Abstract We have shown that morpholine, a cyclic amine, exerts a selective inhibition of growth on melanocytic pigmented cell lines compared to nonpigmented cells. The ID50 of morpholine for the pigmented B-16 cell line HFH was 1200 μg/ml, compared to values greater than 2400 μg/ml for baby hamster kidney, Chinese hamster ovary and NP, an unpigmented primate cell line. Two other cyclic amines piperazine and piperidine, were similarly found to be selectively toxic to melanocytes. This selective toxicity could be synergistically enhanced by pretreatment of the cells with theophylline, a stimulator of tyrosinase activity, which indicates that the selective toxicity may be associated with melanin synthesis. Low passage HFH, high passage HFH and Syrian hamster melanoma RPMI 1846 cells that were pretreated with theophylline showed between 13 and 29% greater toxicity compared to controls treated with theophylline or morpholine alone. Unpigmented NP primate cells, Chinese hamster ovary and mouse fibroblast L929 remained unaffected. These cyclic amines join a list of other amines that have also been shown to be melanocytotoxic.
Male genital self-mutilation with maggot infestation in an intoxicated individual

We present the case of a 55-year-old homeless male who presented with penis and scrotal maggot infestation secondary to genital self-mutilation. The patient gave a history consistent with gender identity disorder and indicated that he was intoxicated during the event. The patient had no history of psychosis. He sought medical attention only after he was no longer welcome on public transportation due to the odor emanating from this infection. Untreated gender identity disorder with alcohol dependence in this case led to a drastic behavior with significant consequences.
Control and prevention of lameness associated with claw lesions in dairy cows

Dairy cow lameness is a serious animal welfare issue. It is also a significant cause of economic losses reducing reproductive efficiency and milk production and increasing culling rates. Despite its undeniable importance, lameness has not received the attention it deserves from the agricultural scientific community and its incidence appears to be on the rise in most countries throughout the world. Claw horn disruption lesions (CHDL), sole ulcers and white line disease, are the most prevalent diseases associated with lameness and pain, representing over 65% of all lesions diagnosed in visually lame cows and causing the largest economic losses amongst several lameness related diseases and therefore a large part of this review is focused on their pathogenesis. Additionally, opportunities for preventing CHDL are described with emphasis being placed on floor surfaces, cow comfort, and genetic selection.
Electron spin resonance studies with copper/silver/chromium impregnated charcoals

It has been found that cyanogen chloride reacts with humidified ASC whetlerite (an activated charcoal impregnated with copper/silver/chromium) to give a strong electron spin resonance (esr) signal. The microwave absorption consists of a symmetric line with a g value of 2.12 and a width of 190 gauss, and a weaker, broader line under the high field tail of the sharper line. Neither hydrogen chloride, tert-butylamine nor carbon monoxide were found to give a signal. However, exposure of the humidified whetlerite to hydrogen cyanide gave a broad, intense, esr line (width 475 gauss, g value 2.00). The results of these studies are discussed in terms of the mechanism of reaction, the nature of the active species, and the quantitative relationship between esr signal strength and extent of reaction.
Network Analysis Beyond S-parameters: Characterizing and Modeling Component Behaviour under Modulated Large-Signal Operating Conditions

It is shown in this paper how the classical concept of the "network analyser" can be extended towards modulated and large-signal operating conditions. The concept is demonstrated by measuring the saturated behaviour of a MMIC amplifier, excited by modulated signals with CDMA characteristics. It is then illustrated how the measured data can be used to construct an accurate behavioural model.
On discovering non-obvious recommendations: using unexpectedness and neighborhood selection methods in collaborative filtering systems

This paper proposes a number of studies in order to move the field of recommender systems beyond the traditional paradigm and the classical perspective of rating prediction accuracy. We contribute to existing helpful but less explored recommendation strategies and propose new approaches targeting to more useful recommendations for both users and businesses. Working toward this direction, we discuss the studies we have conducted so far and present our future research plans. The overall goal of this research program is to expand our focus from even more accurate rating predictions toward a more holistic experience for the users, by providing them with non-obvious but high quality recommendations and avoiding the over-specialization and concentration bias problems. In particular, we propose a new probabilistic neighborhood-based method as an improvement of the standard $k$-nearest neighbors approach, alleviating some of the most common problems of collaborative filtering recommender systems, based on classical metrics of dispersion and diversity as well as some newly proposed metrics. Furthermore, we propose a concept of unexpectedness in recommender systems and operationalize it by suggesting various mechanisms for specifying the expectations of the users and proposing a recommendation method for providing the users with unexpected but high quality personalized recommendations that fairly match their interests. Besides, in order to generate utility-based recommendations for Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) that better serve the educational needs of students, we study the satisfaction of users with online courses vis-a-vis student retention. Finally, we summarize the conclusions of the conducted studies, discuss the limitations of our work and also outline the managerial implications of the proposed stream of research.
Urban Anthropology Redux: Thoughts on the Return Trip

URBAN ANTHROPOLOGY has long suffered from an unnecessary, self-inflicted identity problem resulting from the absence of a consensus on exactly how it should be defined. The concern is spurious. Just as there is no succinct and firm definition of “rural” anthropology, so too there not be any great concern about defining or charting the future direction of “urban” anthropology. What brings researchers on urban issues together are similar theoretical and methodological issues that should transcend population densities, [rural anthropology, methodology, urban anthropology]
AN/ARC-200 nap-of-Earth HF communications systems and helicopter antenna considerations

Modern HF (2- to 30-MHz) equipment employed by today's communicator contains many technological applications and breakthroughs relative to communications equipment of the past. Today's HF communications equipment has many of the characteristics that reflect the dynamic commercial computer industry. The new HF radio used in airborne operational environments, AN/ARC-220, contains many of these technologies applied to the HF near vertical incidence skywave (NVIS) communications network. This paper discusses the considerations necessary for a properly developed network infrastructure for maximum ARC-220 mission performance. This paper also describes the HF propagation characteristics and antenna considerations encountered in typical NVIS missions using the ARC-220, especially in nap-of-earth (very close to ground) flight operations. Available lessons learned and performance characteristics are reviewed.
Proposal for a loophole-free test of the Bell inequalities

A proposal for an experimental realization of Bohm's spin-1/2 particle version of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen experiment is described. Two $^{199}\mathrm{Hg}$ atoms, each with nuclear spin 1/2, are produced in an entangled state with total nuclear spin zero. Such a state is obtained by dissociation of dimers of the $^{199}\mathrm{Hg}_{2}$ isotopomer using a spectroscopically selective stimulated Raman process. The measurement of nuclear spin correlations between the two atoms in this entangled state is achieved by detection of the atoms using a spin state selective two-photon excitation-ionization scheme. The experiment will not only close the detector efficiency loophole, but in addition will permit enforcement of the locality condition.
New Approach for the Controlled Cross-Linking of Polyaniline: Synthesis and Characterization

A new strategy has been employed to control the cross-linking of polyaniline that allows the synthesis of high molecular weight, conducting copolymers. The new method utilizes aniline−formaldehyde ...
Examining collaboration and information sharing in Inter-Organisational Information System (IOIS) implementation

Collaboration is now considered as a strategic advantage for enhancing effectiveness in Inter-Organisational Information System (IOIS) implementation, particularly in electronic government (e-government). As governments strive to improve their service delivery systems with constraint resources, IOIS was seen as the key factor for efficacy. Findings in this study revealed that the rhetoric and the reality of IOIS implementation were misaligned. Social and human factors were revealed as pertinent for this disparity and good governance was seen as the redeeming factor for IOIS implementation. Understanding these factors is critical in improving the probability of success in future IOIS implementation.
Leadership: A balancing act

This chapter explores what being a leader at the community college means, what the threats are to effective leadership, and what factors leaders should be especially concerned with as colleges face new challenges and demands. Several key ideas about leadership are presented.
Nature of conflict in the care of pediatric intensive care patients with prolonged stay.

Objective. To determine the frequency, types, sources, and predictors of conflict surrounding the care of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) patients with prolonged stay. Setting. A tertiary care, university-affiliated PICU in Boston. Participants. All patients admitted over an 11-month period whose stay exceeded 8 days (the 85th percentile length of stay for the PICU under study), and intensive care physicians and nurses who were responsible for their care. Methods. We prospectively identified conflicts by interviewing the treating physicians and nurses at 2 stages during the patients’ PICU stay. All conflicts detected were classified by type (team-family, intrateam, or intrafamily) and source. Using a case-control design, we then identified predictors of conflict through bivariate and multivariate analyses. Results. We enrolled 110 patients based on the length-of-stay criterion. Clinicians identified 55 conflicts involving 51 patients in this group. Hence, nearly one half of all patients followed had a conflict associated with their care. Thirty-three of the conflicts (60%) were team-family, 21 (38%) were intrateam, and the remaining 1 was intrafamily. The most commonly cited sources of team-family conflict were poor communication (48%), unavailability of parents (39%), and disagreements over the care plan (39%). Medicaid insurance status was independently associated with the occurrence of conflict generally (odds ratio = 4.97) and team-family conflict specifically (odds ratio = 7.83). Conclusions. Efforts to reduce and manage conflicts that arise in the care of critically ill children should be sensitive to the distinctive features of these conflicts. Knowledge of risk factors for conflict may also help to target such interventions at the patients and families who need them most.
Encounters between Compact Stars and Red Giants in Dense Stellar Systems

The results of some representative N-body simulations of encounters between a red giant star and a compact object are presented. An overview is given of all the different possible outcomes that can be produced by the encounters. How the numerical data on individual encounters can be used to calculate the binary formation rate in globular clusters is discussed, and it is argued that the usual simple estimates based on the tidal approximation can sometimes give incorrect results. The calculation of probability distributions for the semimajor axes and eccentricities of the binaries that are formed, as a function of globular cluster parameters, is discussed. It is shown that encounters with stars on the subgiant branch might very well lead to the formation of close binaries with large eccentricity, such as those recently reported in 47 Tuc and M15. In addition, the binaries resulting from encounters with stars on the red giant branch could be an important source of heating during the late stages of evolution of a globular cluster. 34 refs.
Demographic, knowledge, physiological, and behavioral variables as predictors of compliance with dietary treatment goals in hypertension☆

The Hypertension Prevention Trial (HPT) was a multicenter, randomized trial testing calorie control, sodium restriction, and potassium increases in the prevention of hypertension in 841 men and women. Thirty four variables that were potentially related to changes in urine sodium, urine potassium, and weight were examined individually and together across 3 years of treatment and maintenance sessions. Univariate and multivariate analysis did not reveal a consistent pattern of variables associated with successful attainment of treatment goals or failure to do so. Baseline levels of urine sodium, urine potassium, and weight were the variables most consistently associated with compliance. Household composition, such as number of people living in the house or marital status and control over selection and preparation of foods, was associated with compliance in sodium reduction treatments. Number of complaints about the diets were positively associated with noncompliance. Attendance at treatment sessions was generally associated with compliance especially for weight loss. Practical implications of these results are discussed.
Microlepidoptera species composition in Michigan apple orchards.

Over 36 species of foliage-feeding Microlepidoptera and 13 species of Macrolepidoptera were found during 2 years of sampling in 17 southern Michigan apple orchards. Most of these were in the family Tortricidae. Among the most abundant and widely distributed species, especially in abandoned orchards, were the tortricids Pseudexentera mali Freeman, Spilonota ocellana (Denis & Schiffermuller), and Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris). The choreutid Choreutis pariana (Clerck) was abundant in some abandoned orchards, but was virtually absent from commercial orchards. The species sampled in commercial orchards tended to be those that were most widely distributed and abundant in abandoned orchards. Microlepidoptera found in commercial orchards were a subsample of the species in abandoned orchards. Thus, an understanding of the factors that control Microlepidoptera distribution and abundance in abandoned orchards, along with information on responses to pesticides, will help predict future species trends in commercial orchards.
The recent international growth of mandatory audit committee requirements

This article explores the growth in the number of countries who now mandate that listed companies establish audit committees to improve their financial reporting process. By reviewing the current and historical company laws and major stock exchange listing requirements for each of the world's 40 largest capital markets, this article finds a significant increase in the number of countries who now, post-Sarbanes–Oxley, mandate that boards of directors establish a subcommittee to monitor their company's accounting and auditing processes. Specifically, it reveals that while only 10 of the world's 40 largest capital markets required audit committees when the United States enacted the Sarbanes–Oxley Act of 2002, this number has now grown to 31. This article offers insight to policy makers interested in amending company laws or stock exchange listing requirements to coincide with the corporate governance standards found in the world's major capital markets. It is also useful to corporate managers planning to enter new capital markets. Academic readers will benefit from the historical review of the growth of mandatory audit committees and the review of the academic literature studying the effectiveness of audit committees.
Coupled Finite Element–Potts Model Simulations of Grain Growth in Copper Interconnects

The paper addresses grain growth in copper interconnects in the presence of thermal expansion mismatch stresses. The evolution of grain structure and texture in copper in the simultaneous presence of two driving forces, curvature and elastic stored energy difference, is modeled by using a hybrid Potts model simulation approach. The elastic stored energy is calculated by using the commercial finite element code ABAQUS, where the effect of elastic anisotropy on the thermal mismatch stress and strain distribution within a polycrystalline grain structure is modeled through a user material (UMAT) interface. Parametric studies on the effect of trench width and the height of the overburden were carried out. The results show that the grain structure and texture evolution are significantly altered by the presence of elastic strain energy.
An Old Empire in a New Order: The Global Designs of the Dutch Nazi Party, 1931–1942:

This article explores the imperial plans and policies advanced by the Dutch Nazi Party (NSB) and its leader, Anton Mussert, from the party’s inception in 1931 to the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies in early 1942. Drawing upon recent discussions concerning ‘generic fascism’ and the fascist ‘ideal type’, I argue that the Dutch Nazis consistently advanced an imperial agenda that was simultaneously defensive and expansionist. Before the war, Mussert sought to reunify all members of the Dutch ‘tribe’ presently scattered around the globe, even in those territories presently held by other imperial powers. Under German occupation, Mussert modified but hardly abandoned his Greater Netherlands worldview. If Hitler and the German National Socialists intended to forge a new European empire founded on the principles of racial purity, the Dutch Nazi leader envisioned a fascist world order led by Hitler but nonetheless rooted in more traditional imperial practices. Mussert’s imperial designs reveal both the...
Evanescence of Sensory Deprivation Effects: A Comment on Oleson and Zubek's “Effect of One Day of Sensory Deprivation …”:

Oleson and Zubek (1970) found that sensory deprivation for 24 hr. did not produce significant deterioration in creative thinking and offered several possible explanations for this datum. It is suggested that the length of the test battery, a neglected variable in sensory deprivation research, may be a crucial factor; the administration of tests, by disrupting the deprivation situation, diminishes the very effect it is designed to measure.
Dynamic Innate Immune Responses of Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Associated Coronavirus Infection

Human lung epithelial cells are likely among the first targets to encounter invading severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Not only can these cells support the growth of SARS-CoV infection, but they are also capable of secreting inflammatory cytokines to initiate and, eventually, aggravate host innate inflammatory responses, causing detrimental immune-mediated pathology within the lungs. Thus, a comprehensive evaluation of the complex epithelial signaling to SARS-CoV is crucial for paving the way to better understand SARS pathogenesis. Based on microarray-based functional genomics, we report here the global gene response of 2B4 cells, a cloned bronchial epithelial cell line derived from Calu-3 cells. Specifically, we found a temporal and spatial activation of nuclear factor (NF)kappaB, activator protein (AP)-1, and interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-3/7 in infected 2B4 cells at 12-, 24-, and 48-hrs post infection (p.i.), resulting in the activation of many antiviral genes, including interferon (IFN)-beta, -lambdas, inflammatory mediators, and many IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). We also showed, for the first time, that IFN-beta and IFN-lambdas were capable of exerting previously unrecognized, non-redundant, and complementary abilities to limit SARS-CoV replication, even though their expression could not be detected in infected 2B4 bronchial epithelial cells until 48 hrs p.i. Collectively, our results highlight the mechanics of the sequential events of antiviral signaling pathway/s triggered by SARS-CoV in bronchial epithelial cells and identify novel cellular targets for future studies, aiming at advancing strategies against SARS.
A gas proportional counter system for the detection of 13N and other beta emitting gases

Abstract A simple gas proportional counter system is described that has been developed for measurements of 13 N gases in the labeled effluent from gas chromatographs and in recirculating gas atmospheres from soil cores. The gas proportional counter is designed to detect the positrons from the decay while remaining fairly insensitive to the annihilation gamma-rays. A commercial high density amplifier-comparator was used in place of traditional NIM electronics. The general properties of the system are described and compared to those employing traditional low density NIM electronics. With this system a multiple detector array can be built at low cost and without concern for cross-talk.
Perceived organizational structure for teacher liking: the role of peers’ perceptions of teacher liking in teacher–student relationship quality, motivation, and achievement

Previous research has identified the role of perceived peer hierarchies, or organizational structures, in affecting students’ adjustment to school (Lease et al. 2003, Journal of Early Adolescence, 23, 194–217). The purpose of this study was to examine whether middle school classrooms can be described in terms of the perceived status individual students hold for who will and will not be ‘liked’ by the teacher. Specifically we examined: (1) Do students share a mutually agreed on representation, a perceived organizational structure, for describing relative status with their teacher? (2) Are teachers perceived as systematically favoring girls or boys? (3) Are peers’ perceptions of teacher liking associated with individual students’ social and academic motivation and relationship quality with teachers? (4) Are students identified by peers as ‘not liked’ at risk for long-term teacher rejection and underachievement? And, (5) What are the underlying criteria students use to judge teacher likeability? Data for this study were drawn from peer ratings from 516 (262 boys, 254 girls) middle school students in 20 classrooms. Findings indicate multidimensional scaling techniques can be used to map the ‘teacher-liking space,’ accounting for > 90% of the variability in peers’ ratings of teacher likeability. Additionally, findings indicate perceived status in the teacher-liking space has consequences for students’ achievement and teacher relationship quality.
Inhibition of restriction endonuclease activity by DNA binding fluorochromes.

Abstract Activity of type II restriction endonucleases is affected by many common factors including buffer composition and sequences flanking the recognition site (Brabec et al., Eur. J. Biochem. 216, 183, 1993). The successful development of Optical Mapping (Schwartz et al., Science, 262,110, 1993; Meng et al., Nature Genet. 9, 432, 1995; Wang and Schwartz, PNAS, 1995 Cai et al., PNAS, 92, 5164, 1995) relied on optimization of light microscope- based imaging of fluorescently labeled DNA molecules during restriction endonuclease digestion. Little was known about the effects of commonly used DNA-fluorochromes on restriction endonuclease activity. Thus, we developed an enzyme activity assay using lambda bacteriophage DNA or adenovirus-2 DNA to evaluate the effects of five DNA binding fluorochromes (4′-6-daimidine-2-phenylindole (DAPI), ethidium bromide (EtdBr), ethidium bromide homodimer (EthD-1), bis-benzimide (H33258) and benzothiazolium-4-quinolini- um dimer (TOTO-1)) on the enzymatic activities of eleve...
A novel mechanism of sulfur transfer catalyzed by O-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase in the methionine-biosynthetic pathway of Wolinella succinogenes.

O-Acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase (OAHS) is a pyridoxal 5′-­phosphate (PLP) dependent sulfide-utilizing enzyme in the l-cysteine and l-methionine biosynthetic pathways of various enteric bacteria and fungi. OAHS catalyzes the conversion of O-acetylhomoserine to homocysteine using sulfide in a process known as direct sulfhydrylation. However, the source of the sulfur has not been identified and no structures of OAHS have been reported in the literature. Here, the crystal structure of Wolinella succinogenes OAHS (MetY) determined at 2.2 A resolution is reported. MetY crystallized in space group C2 with two monomers in the asymmetric unit. Size-exclusion chromatography, dynamic light scattering and crystal packing indicate that the biological unit is a tetramer in solution. This is further supported by the crystal structure, in which a tetramer is formed using a combination of non­­crystallographic and crystallographic twofold axes. A search for structurally homologous proteins revealed that MetY has the same fold as cystathionine γ-lyase and methionine γ-lyase. The active sites of these enzymes, which are also PLP-dependent, share a high degree of structural similarity, suggesting that MetY belongs to the γ-elimination subclass of the Cys/Met metabolism PLP-dependent family of enzymes. The structure of MetY, together with biochemical data, provides insight into the mechanism of sulfur transfer to a small molecule via a protein thiocarboxylate intermediate.
A neuroendocrine theory of convulsive therapy

Formerly convulsive therapy, whether induced chemically or electrically, and more recently electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) or electroshock treatment (EST), have been found to be effective in treating certain psychiatric disorders, although the exponents of the technique have been far from sure how, in biological terms, the technique works. In this article Max Fink puts forward a neuroendocrine theory in which he proposes that convulsive therapy returns to rights the peptide balance in the brain.
ASSESSING FOOD FIRMNESS USING AN ELECTRONIC SENSING SYSTEM WITH A MODEL FOOD SYSTEM

An electronic sensing system (ESS) was used to study the firmness of bread and a variety of food products using nine panelists. The system is similar to EMG, but with a newly developed analytical program. Carrageenan gel was used as a model food. ESS measurements were compared to sensory analysis of these products. The program performed a rapid analysis of EMG parameters, including total energy (TE), peak energy (PE), Fourier power (FP), ascending and descending energy. The ESS parameter Σ(TE x PE x FP) of all chews of a bite strongly correlated (R > 0.82 at P 0.82) between bread firmness sensory measurements and ESS Σ(TE x PE x FP) were found for all panelists. This method also was applied to 17 commercial food products with various levels of firmness, and good correlations (R > 0. 69) were obtained for all ESS panelists.
Quantitative Angiocardiography: III. Relationships of Left Ventricular Pressure, Volume, and Mass in Aortic Valve Disease

Quantitative angiocardiographic techniques have been used to determine left ventricular volume and mass in 100 patients with isolated aortic valve disease. The patients were divided into three groups: aortic stenosis (AS), 22 patients; aortic regurgitation (AR), 38 patients; and combined stenosis and regurgitation (AS+AR), 40 patients. The distribution of left ventricular volume and mass and their relationship to standard intracardiac pressure and flow determinations are presented for each group in order to define the hemodynamic and functional characteristics of the left ventricle in these patients. Mean values for end-diastolic volumes (EDV) in the three groups were AS=85 ml/m 2 , AS+AR=143 ml/m 2 and AR=197 ml/m 2 . Mean values for ejection fraction (EF=SV/EDV) were similar in the three groups, AS=61%, AR= 55%, AS+AR=58%. Left ventricular mass (LVM) was smaller in AS, mean=167 g/m 2 , and similar in AR, mean=232 g/m 2 , and AS+AR, mean=235 g/m 2 . Left ventricular filling pressure (LVEDP) was correlated with EDV in AS, r=0.45, P P P P P
Dating Violence Student Beliefs About Consequences

Beliefs about dating violence and abuse were studied in a sample of 298 undergraduate and graduate students. After reading 15 vignettes, respondents were asked to rate how violent and abusive a depicted incident was, what they thought was likely to happen to the relationship in the future, and what should happen following the incident. The depicted incidents varied along eight dimensions: nature of the act, consequences, gender of perpetrator, gender of victim, extent of relationship, alcohol consumption, extent of provocation, and history of violence. Personal experiences with violence were also assessed. Beliefs about what was likely to happen to the relationship and what should happen were influenced by both vignette characteristics (nature of the act, gender of perpetrator, and outcome) and perceived violence and abusiveness, as well as respondent characteristics.
Structural and functional properties of hemoglobins from unicellular organisms as revealed by resonance Raman spectroscopy

Hemoglobins have been discovered in organisms from virtually all kingdoms. Their presence in unicellular organisms suggests that the gene for hemoglobin is very ancient and that the hemoglobins must have functions other than oxygen transport, in view of the fact that O2 delivery is a diffusion-controlled process in these organisms. Based on sequence alignment, three groups of hemoglobins have been characterized in unicellular organisms. The group-one hemoglobins, termed truncated hemoglobins, consist of proteins with 110-140 amino acid residues and a novel two-over-two alpha-helical sandwich motif. The group-two hemoglobins, termed flavohemoglobins, consist of a hemoglobin domain, with a classical three-over-three alpha-helical sandwich motif, and a flavin-containing reductase domain that is covalently attached to it. The group-three hemoglobins consist of myoglobin-like proteins that have high sequence homology and structural similarity to the hemoglobin domain of flavohemoglobins. In this review, recent resonance Raman studies of each group of these proteins are presented. Their implications are discussed in the context of the structural and functional properties of these novel hemoglobins.
Continuing the connections

Reflects on the selected papers from the 2004 LOEX‐of‐the‐West Conference to note the importance of collaboration and connections to advance information literacy goals with college and university faculty and students.
The Arrangement of Genes in Drosophila Virilis.

cism misses the mark. It need only be stated that Castle was wrong in supposing that the cross-overs between yellow and white should be subtracted from the total before the white bifid cross-over value is calculated. If, as Castle states, he cannot conceive of a mechanism "which would tie two genes together in such a way that they will subsequently separate from each other oftener than they will remain together, yet this is what the idea of cross-overs in excess of 50 per cent amounts to," it would seem to follow that he has not really understood the mechanism that we have described, and which he has attacked; for, whether such a mechanism really exists or not, it is nevertheless a conceivable mechanical device that could do just this thing. We have left to Dr. Metz the opportunity to answer Castle's criticism relating to D. virilis. To sum up: we believe that we have met all the pertinent criticisms that Castle has brought forward of our methods and conclusions, and that he has failed to meet our criticism of his three dimensional model.
Inhibition of NADP-dependent dehydrogenases by modified products of NADPH.

Abstract When NADPH was incubated at neutral pH, a modified product which had no absorbancy at 340 nm, but exhibited a slight shoulder in the region of 280–300 nm with maximum absorbancy at 266 nm, was produced. Phosphate accelerated the conversion. This compound was tentatively designated as NADPH-X. At acidic pH, NADPH was rapidly converted to the primary acid-modified product which had a similar, but not identical, absorption spectrum to that of NADPH-X, and it was gradually converted to the secondary acid-modified product which exhibited a distinctive absorption spectrum with a maximum at 261 nm. NADPH-X strongly inhibited human glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, human 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, and yeast glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase. The primary acid-modified product inhibited human 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, but human and yeast glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenases were not sensitive to this compound. The secondary acid-modified product inhibited the three dehydrogenases. The mode of the dehydrogenase inhibition by these compounds was competitive with NADP. Potential physiologic role of NADPH-X was discussed.
Chemistry and localization effects in the C-KVV Auger line shapes of transition metal carbides and related compounds

The C-KLL Auger line shapes of the transition metal carbides and some related compounds are examined as a function of the metal and nonmetalloid components (C, N, and O). They are discussed in the context of hole-hole repulsion and screening effects. The effect of π versus σ-bonding and the proportion of ionic versus covalent bonding are correlated with various aspects of the X-CVV Auger line shape, such as relative peak shifts, intensity of a high energy shoulder, and the multiplet splitting of the sp component.
Effects of dietary supplements on the space radiation-induced reduction in total antioxidant status in CBA mice.

Abstract Guan, J., Stewart, J., Ware, J. H., Zhou, Z., Donahue, J. J. and Kennedy, A. R. Effects of Dietary Supplements on the Space Radiation-Induced Reduction in Total Antioxidant Status in CBA Mice. Radiat. Res. 165, 373–378 (2006). In the present study, the total antioxidant status was used as a biomarker to evaluate oxidative stress induced by proton, HZE-particle and γ radiation in CBA mice. The results demonstrated that the plasma level of TAS was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in CBA mice after exposure to a 50-cGy dose of radiation from HZE particles or a 3-Gy dose of radiation from protons or γ rays. Diet supplementation with Bowman-Birk Inhibitor Concentrate (BBIC), l-selenomethionine (l-SeM), or a combination of N-acetyl cysteine, sodium ascorbate, co-enzyme Q10 (CoQ10), α-lipoic acid, l-SeM and vitamin E succinate could partially or completely prevent the reduction in the plasma level of TAS in CBA mice exposed to proton or HZE-particle radiation. The selected antioxidant combination with...
A Neuropsychological Study of a Family with Hereditary Mirror Movements

SUMMARY A mother and three children with hereditary mirror movements were assessed for intellectual ability, hemispheric cerebral dominance, psychomotor and somatosensory characteristics by means of a comprehensive battery of tests. The only consistent impairment was generalized psychomotor retardation. Performance on all other tests was essentially normal and consistent with normal development of hemispheric cerebral dominance. RESUME Etude neuropsychologique d'unefamil/e avec mouvements en miroir hereditaires Une mere et ses trois enfants presentant des mouvements en miroir hereditaires ont ete examines a partir d'une batterie complexe de tests recherchant l'efficience intellectuelle, la dominance cerebrale hemispherique, les caracteristiques psychomotrices et somes-thesiques. Le seul trouble reel decouvert fut un retard psychomoteur generalise. Les resultats dans tous les autres tests etaient fondamentalement normaux et en accord avec un developpement normal de la dominance cerebrale hemispherique. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Neurophysiologische Untersuchung einer Familie mit heriditaren ‘mirror movements’ Eine Mutter und drei Kinder mit heriditaren ‘mirror movements’ wurden zur Beurteilung der intellektuellen Fahigkeiten, der Hemispharendominanz der psycho-motorischen und somato-sensorischen Charakteristika mit verschiedenen Tests eingehend untersucht. Die einzige in alien Fallen beobachtete Beeintrachtigung bestand in einer allgemeinen psycho-motorischen Retardierung. Die Ergebnisse in alien anderen Tests waren im wesentlichen normal und einer normalen Entwicklung der Hemispharendominanz entsprechend. RESUMEN Estudio neuropsicologico de una familia con movimientos en espejo hereditarios A una madre con tres nifios con movimientos en espejo hereditarios se les valoro la habilidad intelectual, la dominancia hemisferica cerebral y las caracteristicas psicomotrices y somatosensoriales por medio de una bateria de tests compleja. La unica alteracion-in-consistente fue un retardo psicomotor generalizado. La realizacion en todos los demas tests era esencialmente normal y consistente con un desarrollo normal de la dominancia hemisferica cerebral.
Efficacy and safety of urethral de-obstruction in boys with overactive bladder complaints.

Abstract Objective To gain insight into the efficacy and safety of urethral de-obstruction in boys with overactive bladder (OAB) complaints refractory to conservative treatment. Materials and methods All boys, older than 5 years, referred in 2009 for OAB complaints were included, n = 180. Nine had abdominal or penile pain as predominant complaint. 82% were tertiary referrals after unsuccessful conservative treatment with antimuscarinic medication and/or urotherapy for OAB. In 121, urethral obstruction was urodynamically proven or seriously suspected, and they underwent urethrocystoscopy with relief of obstruction, when present. Average duration of unsuccessful conservative pre-treatment in this group of patients was 1.2 years. Postoperative results, in terms of relief of complaints, were analyzed. Safety was assessed by analyzing those patients who had a secondary transurethral procedure in the same year, or in the 3 years after primary treatment. Results Of 106 boys with OAB, urge incontinence or therapy-resistant bedwetting, after de-obstruction 33 became free of complaints and 39 showed significant improvement, totaling 72 (68%); dry after additional urotherapy 11 (10%); no change 21 (20%). Nine boys had de-obstruction because of penile or abdominal pain, with 5 completely cured after the procedure. Follow-up treatment was cognitive training in 39, temporary anticholinergic treatment in 26 and CIC in 2 cases. Recurrence of obstruction was seen in 10% during the 3-year follow-up period. Conclusion After failure of conservative therapy, one should actively look for any urethral obstruction as underlying cause of OAB. For such patients, urethral de-obstruction is highly effective, with only a few minor late complications resulting in recurrence of obstruction.
RF circuits and systems - an interleaving course of RF integrated systems and wireless communications beyond RFIC

This paper describes a new graduate course developed in University of Florida in response to the increasing demand of training students to have broad knowledge in radio frequency (RF) circuits and systems and preparing them for the future challenges of designing highly integrated radio systems. The course covers a wide range of materials including antennas, radio propagation, spectrum regulations, wireless communication standards, modulations, transceiver architectures, packaging, and integration issues. In particular, it links the system-level specifications defined in standards and circuit-level specifications in transceiver. Design considerations and trade-offs are discussed. Students also practice how to use electronic design automation (EDA) tools to design and simulate a reference transceiver for a specific application in the final class project.