cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Hands-on Station: Effects of Monopolar and Bipolar Electrosurgery on Cardiovascular Implantable Electrical (Pacemakers or Implanted Cardioverter Defibrillator) Devices

The purpose of this exercise is to understand the interaction(s), primarily the creation of electromagnetic interference (EMI), between electrosurgical (ES) instruments and cardiac implantable (pacemaker (PM) or implanted cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)) devices (CIED); to demonstrate how the presumed current path from the hand tool to the dispersal pad (for ES with a monopolar instrument) can influence the creation of electromagnetic interference; and for any given ES presumed current path and instrument, (1) to evaluate the effects of electrosurgical unit (generator) power level and settings (“coag” vs. blend vs. cut) on the creation of EMI during tissue coagulation or cutting, (2) examine the effects of applying the monopolar ES hand tool to an instrument (i.e., tissue equivalent), rather than directly to tissue, (3) examine the effects of allowing the ES hand tool tip to create electrical sparking, rather than a continuous application to the tissue, (4) evaluate the extent of EMI from activation of the monopolar ES hand tool at various power levels without touching any tissue or tissue equivalent, and (5) evaluate the extent to which EMI will occur in lengthy application of ES energy vs. short bursts.
The Origin of the Composite Wheeled Vehicle, Two-Wheeled Trailer, and Tracked Vehicle Vibration Schedules in MIL-STD-810D/E

In the early and mid-1980s, a concerted effort was made at the Aberdeen Test Center (then Combat Systems Test Activity) to collect vibration data on a wide variety of vehicles to create laboratory vibration test schedules. The initial schedules were published in MIL-STD-810D and were updated for publication in MIL-STD-810E and ITOP (International Test Operations Procedure) 1-2-601. Although the vehicles used for schedule development are listed in the documents and a test scenario is described, little information has been published describing how the test levels compare with the actual measured levels and how the test courses used compare with the terrain likely to be encountered in the vehicle's normal operation. This paper describes the data acquisition and analysis efforts to show where and how measurements were made and how the final test levels relate to the actual measured levels. It will also describe the test courses used and show how they relate to "civilian sector" conditions such as operation on...
Monotectic Alloy Solidification - Determination of the Liquidus Surface in the System Succinnonitrile-Ethanol-Glycerol

The microstructure of alloys undergoing a monotectic reaction, Liquid I ⇆ Solid I + Liquid II, is related to the height of the liquid miscibility gap, upper consolute temperature, TC, relative to that of the monotectic horizontal at TM. It has been shown in the system Cu-Pb-Al that a transition in microstructure occurs as the temperature interval, Tc-TM, changes with composition. In order to observe the structural change directly in a transparent material, it has been necessary to determine the liquidus surface for the system succinnonitrile(S)-ethanol(E)-glycerol(G). In this system monotectic reactions in the binary S-E and S-G systems are joined by a monovariant valley and a structural transition occurs at approximately 85.6 wt. % S, 7.5 wt. % E, 6.9 wt. % G, at a ratio of 48:52 = G:E.
PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF ECHO-DOPPLER GUIDED AV DELAY OPTIMIZATION FOLLOWING CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY

The utility of Atrio-Ventricular (AV) delay optimization following Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) remains unclear. We aimed to determine the utility and outcome of interrogating and selectively optimizing AV synchrony using Echo-Doppler-Guided (EDG) AV optimization following CRT. All
Finding Lolita: A Comparative Analysis of Interest in Youth-Oriented Pornography

The way we access pornography has certainly changed over time, as has the depth and breadth of pornographic content. Yet, despite decades of research on the effects of pornography, far less is known about specific genres, consumption patterns, and the characteristics of those consuming varying types of content. Utilizing Google search trends and image searches, this research explores the interest and relationships at the macro level within the niche of youth-oriented pornography. Results indicate that interest varies based on gender, age, geographic origin, and income. Future research and policy implications based upon the findings are discussed.
Protective Effect and Mechanism of Low Weight Molecular Heparin Calcium on Kidneys of Children with Henoch-Schonlein Purpura

Objective:To explore protective effect of low weight molecular heparin calcium on kidneys of children with Henoch-Schonlein Purpura(HSP) and its mechanism.Methods: 95 cases with HSP were randomly divided into heparin calcium treatment group and control treatment group.30 cases healthy children were enrolled as normal control group.Plasma levels of thrombomodulin(TM) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) respectively.These children were followed up for over six months.Results:No significant differences in levels of TM were found between the treatment group and control group,but the levels of Tmin the treatment group were obviously lower than those in control group.During the follow-up course,the morbidity of purpura nephritis in the treatment group was lower than that of control group.Conclusions: The plasma levels of TM decrease after low-weight heparin calcium treatment,which can decrease the morbidity of renal injury in children with HSP treatment.
The Clinical Pathologist as Consultant and Teacher

"The practice of clinical pathology offers to the physician an unusual opportunity. It keeps him in intimate touch with disease in all its phases. It is a stimulus to medical research. It is scientific and accurate beyond the science of history taking or physical diagnosis. It is one of the most valuable aids to modern medical practice. American physicians are fortunate to have the assurance that the practice of clinical pathology is being maintained on a high plane." This quotation from an editorial which appeared in a recent number of the Journal of the American Medical Association carries with it a ringing challenge to the members of the American Society of Clinical Pathologists to strive vigorously to make the field of clinical pathology an even greater asset to the practice of modern medicine. To those who nurtured this Society in its infancy these words of praise should provide recompense for their relentless efforts to elevate the practice of clinical pathology to its present high plane. A decade ago, when the idealism of Ward Burdick created this Society, the field of clinical pathology was an ill-defined territory in medical practice. In fact, during the first few years of the Society's growth some difficulty was encountered in arriving at a satisfactory definition of a clinical pathologist. Today, the clinical pathologist is recognized as a consulting physician whose chief interest lies in the diagnosis of disease by laboratory methods. There may be a few persons who still think of the clinical pathologist as a glorified, overpaid technician. If there remains
Private giving, public good: the impact of philanthropy at the University of Edinburgh

It is an interesting time to be writing about philanthropy and the Scottish universities. Devolution has meant that higher education north of the border is developing in distinctively different way...
Enhanced efficiency nitrogen fertilizer effect on camelina production under conventional and conservation tillage practices

Abstract Camelina (Camelina sativa) is a promising biofuel feedstock to fill the fallow period in dryland wheat (Triticum aestivum) −fallow cropping system of the U.S Northern Great Plains (NGP). Responses of camelina to tillage system (conventional tillage [CT] and no-till [NT]), nitrogen (N) rate (0, 45, 90 kg ha−1), and nitrogen source (urea and an enhanced efficiency nitrogen fertilizer [EENF] containing urease and nitrification inhibitors) were evaluated in a 2-yr (2013–2014) field experiment in a dryland farming system of central Montana. Grain yield, biomass, oil content, and oil yield of camelina displayed significant first-order effects of tillage, N rate, and N source when averaged across each of the other factors, but interaction effects were not significant. Camelina tended to yield greater in CT than NT by about 26%. Application of EENF significantly increased grain yield when compared with U, which was more pronounced under CT. Dose response of camelina grain yield, biomass, and grain protein to N rate in the range of 0 to 90 kg ha−1 was linear, whereas N fertilization showed a detrimental effect on oil accumulation in seeds. Although oil content declined in response to N application, oil yield (kg ha−1), which is the most important criterionin seedoil derived biofeedstock, positively responded to N application. Our results clearly demonstrated the need for further research to optimize management strategies for successful camelina production under NT system. Our results also indicated the potential of EENF in enhancing the yield of camelina, especially under CT system. Irrespective of tillage system and source of N, application of 90 kg N ha−1 (minus soil mineral N) led to the highest yield of camelina in this environment, but yield gain in response to N application greater than 45 kg ha−1 was very small.
Tyrosine 201 Is Critical for Transformation Mediated by JAK2V617F

Abstract 626 The JAK2V617F mutation is associated with most cases of Ph-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). In normal hematopoietic cells, JAK2 becomes activated upon cytokine stimulation. The JAK2V617F protein is a constitutively activated tyrosine kinase that leads to activation of several intracellular signaling pathways and transformation of hematopoietic cells to growth factor-independence. Previous studies have shown several tyrosine residues within JAK2 are phosphorylated upon growth factor stimulation. However, the role of these tyrosine residues in signaling and transformation mediated by JAK2V617F remains unclear. Tyrosine 201 lies within a YXX(L/V) motif, which is a potential binding site for Src homology 2 (SH2) domain containing protein(s). Here, we sought to determine the role of tyrosine 201 in JAK2V617F-induced hematopoietic transformation by introducing a tyrosine-to-phenylalanine point mutation (Y201F) at this site. We observed that Y201F mutation significantly inhibited the cytokine-independent cell growth and induced apoptosis in Ba/F3-EpoR cells expressing JAK2V617F. The Y201F mutation also resulted in significant inhibition of JAK2V617F-mediated transformation of hematopoietic cell lines and bone marrow progenitors in vitro. Biochemical analyzes revealed that Y201F mutation almost completely inhibited the phosphorylation/activation of JAK2V617F. We found that Shp2 binds to the Y201 site of JAK2 and mediates the interaction between JAK2V617F and EpoR. In addition, we observed constitutive phosphorylation of Erk1/2 and p70S6 kinase mediated by JAK2V617F was inhibited by the Y201F mutation. Treatment of Ba/F3-EpoR-JAK2V617F cells with JAK inhibitor I or mTOR inhibitor rapamycin inhibited the phosphorylation of p70S6 kinase. Moreover, inhibition of p70S6 kinase by rapamycin treatment (0.5-1 nM) significantly impaired the proliferation and clonogenic growth of Ba/F3-EpoR-JAK2V617F cells. Together, these results suggest that p70S6 kinase is a downstream target of JAK2V617F, and mTOR inhibitor could be useful in treating JAK2V617F-evoked MPN. Finally, using a bone marrow transduction/transplantation approach, we found that Y201 plays an important role in efficient induction of MPN mediated by JAK2V617F. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Unlock big data emotions: Weighted word embeddings for sentiment classification

Sentiment classification has gained much attention in big data era. Most existing methods rely on bag-of-words model, which disregard contextual information. In many cases however, the sentiment strength of a word is implicitly associated with its part of speech and context. In this paper, we present a WWE (weighted word embeddings) method that combines word embeddings and part-of-speech (POS) tagging. First, we used a continuous word representations algorithm (Word2Vec) to train a vector model. The algorithm learns the optimal vectors from the context of surrounding words. According to the cosine similarity between the vector of a word and the vectors of seed words, a polarity score of this word can be calculated. The state-of-the-art SyntaxNet was used for POS tagging. We then computed an overall polarity score of the whole sentence by POS weighted polarity scores of words. At the end, majority voting was applied to determine the final polarity. Our experimental results show that the WWE method is performed with promising outcomes. Additionally, the methodology was demonstrated on the 3 Twitter datasets from different domains. The robustness recommends that this method can be applied on other sentiment classification problems or domains. We also compared the performance on various dimensions of the trained models. A higher dimension achieved a better performance.
Investigating mechanisms of tendon damage by measuring multi-scale recovery following tensile loading

Abstract Tendon pathology is associated with damage. While tendon damage is likely initiated by mechanical loading, little is known about the specific etiology. Damage is defined as an irreversible change in the microstructure that alters the macroscopic mechanical parameters. In tendon, the link between mechanical loading and microstructural damage, resulting in macroscopic changes, is not fully elucidated. In addition, tendon damage at the macroscale has been proposed to initiate when tendon is loaded beyond a strain threshold, yet the metrics to define the damage threshold are not determined. We conducted multi-scale mechanical testing to investigate the mechanism of tendon damage by simultaneously quantifying macroscale mechanical and microstructural changes. At the microscale, we observe full recovery of the fibril strain and only partial recovery of the interfibrillar sliding, indicating that the damage initiates at the interfibrillar structures. We show that non-recoverable sliding is a mechanism for tendon damage and is responsible for the macroscale decreased linear modulus and elongated toe-region observed at the fascicle-level, and these macroscale properties are appropriate metrics that reflect tendon damage. We concluded that the inflection point of the stress-strain curve represents the damage threshold and, therefore, may be a useful parameter for future studies. Establishing the mechanism of damage at multiple length scales can improve prevention and rehabilitation strategies for tendon pathology. Statement of Significance Tendon pathology is associated with mechanically induced damage. Damage, as defined in engineering, is an irreversible change in microstructure that alters the macroscopic mechanical properties. Although microstructural damage and changes to macroscale mechanics are likely, this link to microstructural change was not yet established. We conducted multiscale mechanical testing to investigate the mechanism of tendon damage by simultaneously quantifying macroscale mechanical and microstructural changes. We showed that non-recoverable sliding between collagen fibrils is a mechanism for tendon damage. Establishing the mechanism of damage at multiple length scales can improve prevention and rehabilitation strategies for tendon pathology.
Hypertension as a Candidate for Disease Management Initiatives

Hypertension, i.e. high systemic arterial pressure, is quantitatively related to future cardiovascular and renal insufficiency. Furthermore, treatment of hypertension is beneficial. Hypertension is therefore, one of the most important cardiovascular risk factors accounting for preventable disease. For individual patients, initial diagnostic strategies for hypertension should consider: (i) the need to determine average or usual levels of systolic and diastolic pressure, sometimes by employing the supplemental methods of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring or home blood pressures; (ii) the presence or absence of non-hypertensive reversible cardiovascular risk factors, particularly smoking, elevated serum lipid levels or diabetes mellitus; (iii) the presence or absence of pathological states related to hypertension and the other risk factors affecting the heart, arteries and kidneys; and (iv) the possibility of reversible causes of elevated blood pressure (secondary hypertension).
Comparison of Outcomes of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention on Native Coronary Arteries Versus on Saphenous Venous Aorta Coronary Conduits in Patients With Low Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction and Impella Device Implantation Achieved or Attempted (from the PROTECT II Randomized Trial and the cVAD Registry).

Patients with prior coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) represent a high-risk cohort given associated medical conditions and worse outcome of saphenous vein graft compared with native vessel percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The goal of the current analysis was to compare clinical outcomes in 591 patients with and without prior CABG and multivessel coronary artery disease or unprotected left main disease and severely reduced left ventricular systolic function underwent Impella supported PCI from the PROTECT II randomized trial and the cVAD Registry. Patients with prior CABG surgery (n = 201) were compared with those without prior CABG surgery (n = 390). The primary end point of this analysis was overall mortality at 30 days. Patients with prior CABG surgery had greater Society of Thoracic Surgery mortality score compared with patients without prior CABG surgery, 7.6 ± 6.4 versus 5.1 ± 5.5, respectively, p g roups. Overall mortality at 30 days was similar in patients with prior CABG surgery compared with patients without prior CABG surgery, 6.75% versus 6.61%, respectively, p = 1.0. In conclusion, in this high-risk cohort of patients underwent hemodynamically supported PCI, prior CABG surgery was not associated with worse outcome. The use of hemodynamic support appears to mitigate the increased risk of PCI associated with prior CABG.
MECHANISTIC AND CONTINUUM ASPECTS OF TOUGHNESS IN HETEROGENEOUS POLYMERS

ABSTRACT Brittle glassy polymers can be very effectively toughened by the incorporation of compliant particles which can be made to act as potent sites of craze initiation. These crazes, as dilatational transformations, can result in very substantial plastic strains. The potency of the particles depends strongly on their morphology, which can be modified effectively by blending block copolymers with low molecular weight rubber. To be effective, the particles must have a stress-induced displacement misfit greater than the thickness of a mature craze. Terminal craze fracture is most often due to separation of entrapped inorganic impurity particles that get incorporated into thickening crazes.
MEN-10755. Menarini.

Menarini is developing the anthracycline aminodisaccharide MEN-10755 for the potential treatment of solid tumors. Six phase II trials began in 2000 to verify the therapeutic activity of the drug in a variety of tumors, including sarcoma and those of the ovary, breast, prostate and lung.
Farming education: a case for social games in learning

Social games have skyrocketed in popularity; much to the surprise of many in the game development community. By reinforcing individualized internalization of concepts while framing those experiences in terms of social activities, social games are filling a void not adequately filled by other games and may turn out to be power learning tools. Their potential use in education is still in its infancy as many consider how the characteristics unique to social games could be used within a learning paradigm. By creating asynchronous multiplayer environments and play dynamics designed to leverage both individual and collaborative goals, social games may foster long distance relationships and encourages reflection of the tasks preformed.
Valence band offsets for CuI on (-201) bulk Ga2O3 and epitaxial (010) (Al0.14Ga0.86)2O3

Thin films of copper iodide (CuI) were grown on (-201) bulk Ga2O3 and (010) epitaxial (Al0.14Ga0.86)2O3 using a copper film iodination reaction method. The valence band offsets for these heterostructures were measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). High resolution XPS data of the O 1s peak and onset of elastic losses were used to establish the (Al0.14Ga0.86)2O3 bandgap to be 5.0 ± 0.30 eV. The valence band offsets were −0.25 eV ± 0.07 eV and 0.05 ± 0.02 eV for CuI on Ga2O3 or (Al0.14Ga0.86)2O3, respectively. The respective conduction band offsets were 1.25 ± 0.25 eV for Ga2O3 and 1.85 ± 0.35 eV for (Al0.14Ga0.86)2O3. Thus, there is a transition from type-II to type-I alignment as Al is added to β-Ga2O3. The low valence band offsets are ideal for hole transport across the heterointerfaces.
Pioglitazone: The forgotten, cost-effective cardioprotective drug for type 2 diabetes

Type 2 diabetes individuals are at high risk for macrovascular complications: myocardial infarction, stroke and cardiovascular mortality. Recent cardiovascular outcome trials have demonstrated that agents in two antidiabetic classes (SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists) reduce major adverse cardiovascular events. However, there is strong evidence that an older and now generically available medication, the thiazolidinedione, pioglitazone, can retard the atherosclerotic process (PERISCOPE and Chicago) and reduce cardiovascular events in large randomized prospective cardiovascular outcome trials (IRIS and PROactive). Pioglitazone is a potent insulin sensitizer, preserves beta-cell function, causes durable reduction in HbA1c, corrects multiple components of metabolic syndrome and improves nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Adverse effects (weight gain, fluid retention, fractures) must be considered, but are diminished with lower doses and are arguably outweighed by these multiple benefits. With healthcare expenses attributable to diabetes increasing rapidly, this cost-effective drug requires reconsideration in the therapeutic armamentarium for the disease.
Religious Aspects of Pseudoarchaeology: The How and the Why

While pseudoarchaeology often presents claims in a scientific register, it favors fantastic or romantic theories of the past over the findings of professionalized archaeology. As archaeologists have attempted to interpret pseudoarchaeology, it has been implied that it often resembles religion more than science, both in terms of its epistemology and the types of worldviews it is deployed to legitimate. This article synthesizes the work of the authors in this special issue of Nova Religio to further articulate these “religious” aspects of pseudoarchaeology.
UNIT 6.19 ELISPOT Assay to Detect Cytokine-Secreting Murine and Human Cells

Enzyme-linked immunospot assays (ELISPOT) were initially developed to detect and quantify individual antibody-secreting B cells. As the sensitivity of this assay improved, the much smaller amounts of cytokine and chemokine produced by individual T cells became amenable to detection. ELISPOT assays utilize high-affinity antibody pairs directed against different epitopes on a single cytokine/chemokine. The critical first step involves binding the highest affinity Ab to a solid matrix. The plates are blocked to prevent nonspecific interactions, and the cells of interest incubated in the Ab-coated wells, during which time they secrete the cytokine/chemokine of interest. The secreted protein binds to the Abs immediately below the producer cell. This bound protein is recognized by a secondary enzyme-linked Ab. A colorimetric substrate is used to generate a dark precipitate or “spot” that marks the position of the protein-producing cell. The resultant spots are permanent and can be quantified visually, microscopically, or electronically. Curr. Protoc. Immunol. 83:6.19.1-6.19.9. © 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Keywords: assay; cytokine; chemokine; ELISPOT; single cell; T cell
Autologous hybrid cell fusion vaccine in a spontaneous intermediate model of breast carcinoma

Breast cancer is among the most common malignancies affecting women and reproductively intact female dogs, resulting in death from metastatic disease if not treated effectively. To better manage the disease progression, canine mammary tumor (CMT) cells derived from malignant canine mammary cancers were fused to autologous dendritic cells (DCs) to produce living hybrid-cell fusion vaccines for canine patients diagnosed with spontaneous mammary carcinoma. The high-speed sorting of rare autologous canine patient DCs from the peripheral blood provides the autologous component of fusion vaccines, and fusion to major histocompatibility complex-unmatched CMT cells were produced at high rates. The vaccinations were delivered to each patient following a surgical resection 3 times at 3-week intervals in combination with immuno-stimulatory oligonucleotides and Gemcitabine adjunct therapy. The immunized patient animals survived 3.3-times longer (median survival 611 days) than the control patients (median survival 184 days) and also appeared to exhibit an enhanced quality of life. A comparison of vaccinated patients diagnosed with inflammatory mammary carcinoma resulted in a very short median survival (42 days), suggesting no effect of vaccination. The data showed that the development of autologous living DC-based vaccine strategies in patient animals designed to improve the management of canine mammary carcinoma can be successful and may allow an identification of the antigens that can be translatable to promote effective immunity in canine and human patients.
The “camptopia” experience: utopia and revolution in media representations of alternative youth sleepaway camps

This article examines how media representations construct a positive vision of “camptopias”: our term for alternative sleepaway camps for youth with culturally marginalized identities (disabilities...
Do Monolingual and Bilingual Speakers Differ in Language Processing? Evidence from Behavior and ERPs:

The present study was designed to empirically examine the effects of bilingualism on language processing. Participants consisted of 20 English monolingual and 20 Spanish-English bilingual speakers....
Outcomes of a health informatics technology-supported behavioral activation training for care managers in a collaborative care program.

Introduction Health informatics-supported strategies for training and ongoing support may aid the delivery of evidence-based psychotherapies. The objective of this study was to describe the development, implementation, and practice outcomes of a scalable health informatics-supported training program for behavioral activation for patients who screened positive for posttraumatic stress disorder and/or bipolar disorder. Method We trained 34 care managers in 12 rural health centers. They used a registry checklist to document the delivery of 10 behavioral activation skills for 4,632 sessions with 455 patients. Care managers received performance feedback based on registry data. Using encounter-level data reported by care managers, we described the implementation outcomes of patient reach and care manager skill adoption. We used cross-classified multilevel modeling to explore variation in skill delivery accounting for patient characteristics, provider characteristics, and change over time. Results Care managers engaged 88% of patients in behavioral activation and completed a minimum course for 57%. The average patient received 5.9 skills during treatment, with substantial variation driven more by providers (63%) than patients (29%). Care managers significantly increased the range of skills offered to patients over time. Discussion The registry-based checklist was a feasible training and support tool for community-based providers to deliver behavioral activation. Providers received data-driven performance feedback and demonstrated skill improvement over time, promoting sustainment. Future research will examine patient-level outcomes. Results underscore the potential public health impact of a simple registry-based skills checklist coupled with a scalable remote training program for evidence-based psychotherapy. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Infections in the Adult Solid Organ Transplant Recipient

Solid organ transplant recipients remain at increased risk of infections due to the lifelong need for immunosuppression. The time since transplantation and the degree of immunosuppression are key factors in determining which infections solid organ transplant recipients are most susceptible to. Primary care providers must be attuned to the special needs of this population and know when to involve infectious disease specialists. This chapter reviews common and serious infections seen in solid organ transplant recipients, including approaches to the initial infectious workup for patients presenting with diarrhea, respiratory infections, urinary tract infections, central nervous system infections, and skin and soft tissue infections.
Role of Spin-Orbit Coupling in Long Range Energy Transfer in Metal-Organic Frameworks.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are emerging as a promising platform for solar energy conversion applications. Their potential utilization as efficient chromophores in artificial photosynthesis is closely related to the understanding of light-harvesting and energy transfer processes that occur within these molecular scaffolds. Herein, we present the photophysical investigation of Ru(II), Ir(III), and Os(II) polypyridyl complexes incorporated into the backbone of UiO-67. In this work, we systematically study the effect of spin-orbit coupling on dipole-dipole energy transfer in MOFs using steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic techniques. The results of our work indicate successful triplet-to-singlet energy transfer and a sizable increase in the transfer kinetics and critical distance, as direct consequences of strong spin-orbit couplings. Remarkably, the reported R0 value for OsDCBPY (R0 = 88 ± 10 A) represents one of the largest Forster distances observed in an MOF. Collectively, this work contributes to the general knowledge of energy transfer in materials and provides groundwork for efficient utilization in artificial photosynthetic assemblies.
Once more, with feeling

For All Mankind, an alternative space race story, returns with the cold war raging . NASA is under pressure to militarise the moon, politicking is everywhere and small acts of defiance are as good as it gets, says Bethan Ackerley
[MIRAGE syndrome caused by variation of sterile alpha motif domain-containing protein 9 gene].

患儿 男，1岁2月龄，因“阴茎短小、尿道下裂伴反复感染1年”就诊，合并发育迟缓、慢性腹泻、吞咽功能障碍、一过性血小板减少及贫血，结合基因检测，患儿7号染色体92732940位点存在c.2471G>A（p.Arg824Gln）的杂合变异，诊断为MIRAGE综合征。儿童MIRAGE综合征罕见。儿童期病死率高达62.5%，常见死因为呼吸衰竭、感染性休克、多脏器功能衰竭、失血性休克等。.
Deep sequencing metagenomic analysis of experimentally induced bovine digital dermatitis lesions

Bovine digital dermatitis (DD) is a leading cause of lameness in both dairy and beef cattle in the US and much of the world. Previous work by our laboratory and others has demonstrated that metagenomic analysis of naturally occurring digital dermatitis biopsies yields evidence of a complex polymicrobial disease process. We have demonstrated that lesions develop through a systematic progression of morphologic changes that are each associated with significantly different microbial communities. While these studies have provided insights into the pathogenesis of the disease process, they are often complicated by confounding associated with temporal differences in the time or season of biopsy collection, chronicity of the lesion, and the lack of baseline metagenomic data for each foot prior to lesion development. The goal of this study was to utilize a recently developed and highly reliable experimental lesion induction model of digital dermatitis to collect a large number of metagenomic samples with minimal confounding.
KGML-ag: A Modeling Framework of Knowledge-Guided Machine Learning to Simulate Agroecosystems: A Case Study of Estimating N 2 O Emission using Data from Mesocosm Experiments

Abstract. Agricultural nitrous oxide (N2O) emission accounts for a non-trivial fraction of global greenhouse gases (GHGs) budget. To date, estimating N2O fluxes from cropland remains a challenging task because the related microbial processes (e.g., nitrification and denitrification) are controlled by complex interactions among climate, soil, plant and human activities. Existing approaches such as process-based (PB) models have well-known limitations due to insufficient representations of the processes or constraints of model parameters, and to leverage recent advances in machine learning (ML) new method is needed to unlock the “black box” to overcome its limitations due to low interpretability, out-of-sample failure and massive data demand. In this study, we developed a first of its kind knowledge-guided machine learning model for agroecosystems (KGML-ag), by incorporating biogeophysical/chemical domain knowledge from an advanced PB model, ecosys, and tested it by simulating daily N2O fluxes with real observed data from mesocosm experiments. The Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) was used as the basis to build the model structure. To optimize the model performance, we have investigated a range of ideas, including: 1) Using initials of intermediate variables (IMVs) instead of time series as model input to reduce data demand; 2) Building hierarchical structures to explicitly estimate IMVs for further N2O prediction; 3) Using multitask learning to balance the simultaneous training on multiple variables; and 4) Pretraining with millions of synthetic data generated from ecosys and fine tuning with mesocosm observations. Six other pure ML models were developed using the same mesocosm data to serve as the benchmark for the KGML-ag model. Results show that KGML-ag did an excellent job in reproducing the mesocosm N2O fluxes (overall r2 = 0.81, and RMSE = 3.6 mg N m−2 day−1 from cross-validation). Importantly KGML-ag always outperforms the PB model and ML models in predicting N2O fluxes, especially for complex temporal dynamics and emission peaks. Besides, KGML-ag goes beyond the pure ML models by providing more interpretable predictions as well as pinpointing desired new knowledge and data to further empower the current KGML-ag. We believe the KGML-ag development in this study will stimulate a new body of research on interpretable ML for biogeochemistry and other related geoscience processes.
TORNADO DESIGN WINDS BASED ON RISK

A procedure is presented for evaluating the probability of damage due to tornado wind velocities above a specified threshold. It implements theoretical velocity profiles to convert reported damage width data at low velocity thresholds to damage widths for velocities that might cause structural damage. A stationary uniform arrival process with geographically dependent rate is used along with joint statistical properties for damage width, damage length, peak wind velocity, and direction of travel. Design curves for evaluating the damage likelihood and examples of their application are included. A critical analysis of the procedure is also presented.
Student Diversity: Implications for Classroom Teachers

(1993). Student Diversity: Implications for Classroom Teachers. The Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas: Vol. 66, No. 5, pp. 264-266.
TEMPORAL LOGIC AS A SIMULATION LANGUAGE

We advocate the use of temporal logic instead of the first-order logic in rules ofknowledge-based simulation systems. We argue that this provides several advantagesthat will be discussed in the paper. We show how temporal logic is used in simulationby considering language PTL based on temporal logic programming.
Detection of respiratory events during NPSG: nasal cannula/pressure sensor versus thermistor.

Recording of respiratory airflow is an integral part of polysomnography (NPSG). It is conventionally monitored with a thermistor that measures temperature as a surrogate of flow. The subjectivity of interpreting hypopnea from this signal has prompted us to measure nasal airflow directly with a simple pneumotachograph consisting of a standard nasal cannula connected to a 2-cm H2O pressure transducer. We manually analyzed respiratory events using simultaneous thermistor and nasal cannula in 11 patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and 9 with upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS). Definite events were scored separately for each signal when amplitude was 10 seconds. Events were also scored on the nasal cannula signal when the flattened shape of the signal suggested flow limitation, and these were tabulated separately. Definite events in one signal were tabulated by whether the other signal showed a definite event or not. In addition, nasal cannula events were compared to a more liberal thermistor criterion (any change in the signal for > or = 2 breaths). Visually, events were more easily recognized on the nasal cannula signal than on the thermistor signal. In OSAS, 1,873 definite thermistor events were detected. Of these, 99.1% were detected by nasal cannula, and 0.9% were missed. Of 3,541 definite nasal cannula events, 51.9% were detected by definite thermistor criteria; 75.0% were detected by liberal thermistor criteria; 25.0% were missed. In UARS, 123 definite thermistor events were detected. Of these, 89.4% were detected by nasal cannula and 10.6% were missed. Nine hundred and three nasal cannula events were detected. However, only 17.2% of these were detected by definite thermistor criteria; 38.6% were detected by liberal thermistor criteria; 61.4% were completely undetected by thermistor. When events identified on the nasal cannula by flow limitation alone were excluded, the thermistor detected 30.1% of events by definite criteria and 78.6% by liberal criteria, still leaving 21.4% completely undetected by the thermistor. We conclude that the nasal cannula reliably detects respiratory events seen by thermistor. Additional events (including some characterized only by flow limitation) that help define the UARS, were recognized by nasal cannula but often completely missed by thermistor. We propose that respiratory monitoring during NPSG with nasal cannula significantly improves event detection and classification over that with thermistor.
A static resource allocation framework for Grid-based streaming applications: Research Articles

A number of applications increasingly rely on, or can potentially benefit from, analysis and monitoring of data streams. To support the processing of streaming data in a Grid environment, we have been developing a middleware system called GATES (Grid-based AdapTive Execution on Streams). Our target applications are those involving high-volume data streams and requiring distributed processing of data arising from a distributed set of sources. This paper addresses the problem of resource allocation in the GATES system. Although resource discovery and resource allocation have been active topics in Grid community, the pipelined processing and real-time constraint required by distributed streaming applications pose new challenges. We present a resource allocation algorithm that is based on minimal spanning trees. We evaluate the algorithm experimentally and demonstrate that it results in configurations that are very close to optimal, and significantly better than most other possible configurations. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

It is a common experience that watches run down, bouncing balls stop bouncing, and even the most perfectly designed and crafted engine will eventually cease operating. Time marches on and all things, left to themselves, stop. This universal tendency for all objects and processes to move “with the arrow of time” in the direction of running down is the hallmark of the second law of thermodynamics. The obverse to this relentless natural tendency for things to run down is the (equally relentless) search for a technical fountain of youth: the system that will produce more energy or work than it consumes. Such machines are called perpetual motion machines and are imagined in two varieties: perpetual motion machines of the first and second kind. The first is a machine that produces more energy than it absorbs as work or heat from the surroundings and thus creates energy. This kind of device has never been found (though people attempt it every day), and the first law of thermodynamics forbids its existence. The first law permits the second type of perpetual motion machine because it draws heat from the surroundings and converts that heat into work without changing the state of the surroundings. However, it turns out that there are substantial limitations on the construction of a machine or system that can take heat and convert it into directed energy or useful work.
A recurrence relation for the "inv" analogue of q-Eulerian polynomials

We study in the present work a recurrence relation, which has long been overlooked, for the $q$-Eulerian polynomial $A_n^{{\rm des},{\rm inv}}(t,q) =\sum_{\sigma\in\mathfrak{S}_n} t^{{\rm des}(\sigma)}q^{{\rm inv}(\sigma)}$, where ${\rm des}(\sigma)$ and ${\rm inv}(\sigma)$ denote, respectively, the descent number and inversion number of $\sigma$ in the symmetric group $\mathfrak{S}_n$ of degree $n$. We give an algebraic proof and a combinatorial proof of the recurrence relation.
IMPORTANCE OF CONTROL IN TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS

ABSTRACT Objective To determine the effect of maintenance of control of type II diabetes mellitus on the occurrence of complications. Methods Various published studies of populations of patients with diabetes are reviewed, and their results in terms of diabetic control and development of retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and macrovascular disease are summarized. Results Maintenance of near-euglycemia reduced the risk of worsening diabetic retinopathy; proliferative retinopathy developed in few patients with well-controlled diabetes. Similarly, worsening proteinuria was more common in patients with fair and poor control of diabetes in comparison with those who were able to maintain good control of diabetes. Furthermore, patients with poor diabetic control experienced a faster deterioration of peripheral neurologic function than did the patients with well-controlled diabetes. In five prospective studies of a total of 2,471 patients with type II diabetes, stricter control of diabetes was associated with fewer cardiovascular events and deaths. Conclusion Overwhelming evidence from published prospective studies indicates that the complications often associated with type II diabetes can be minimized or delayed by maintaining good control of the disease. (Endocr Pract. 1997; 3:145-152)
Globalization and Pension Reform in Latin America

While financial globalization has created powerful incentives for Latin American governments to privatize old age pension systems, reliance on short-term capital flows has also constrained the ability of cash-strapped governments to enact that reform. Analysis of the technocratic process of pension reform in Argentina and Brazil provides evidence. Instead of simply generating unidirectional pressures for structural pension reform, financial globalization has created a double bind for Latin America's capital-scarce governments, fostering long-term incentives to privatize pension systems while heightening the risk of punishment in the short term.
Characterization of Damaged Skin by Impedance Spectroscopy: Chemical Damage by Dimethyl Sulfoxide

To relate changes in the electrochemical impedance spectra to the progression and mechanism of skin damage arising from exposure to dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Electrochemical impedance spectra measured before and after human cadaver skin was treated with neat DMSO or phosphate buffered saline (control) for 1 h or less were compared with electrical circuit models representing two contrasting theories describing the progression of DMSO damage. Flux of a model lipophilic compound (p-chloronitrobenzene) was also measured. The impedance spectra collected before and after 1 h treatment with DMSO were consistent with a single circuit model; whereas, the spectra collected after DMSO exposure for 0.25 h were consistent with the model circuits observed before and after DMSO treatment for 1 h combined in series. DMSO treatments did not significantly change the flux of p-chloronitrobenzene compared to control. Impedance measurements of human skin exposed to DMSO for less than about 0.5 h were consistent with the presence of two layers: one damaged irreversibly and one unchanged. The thickness of the damaged layer increased proportional to the square-root of treatment time until about 0.5 h, when DMSO affected the entire stratum corneum. Irreversible DMSO damage altered the lipophilic permeation pathway minimally.
Fluorescein dye evaluation of glove integrity

Several methods of defect detection in disposable latex and vinyl examination gloves were evaluated. Results of this research support other findings that glove integrity cannot be completely assured by the use of new gloves. The use of the fluorescein dye technique was superior, in terms of efficiency and accuracy in the clinical setting, when compared with other methods of defect detection, including the air inflation-water submersion technique.
Mitotic sister-chromatid separation: what Drosophila mutants can tell us

Abstract Major contributions to understanding sister-chromatid separation have come from analysis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Schizosaccharomyces pombe (see Ref. [1]) and Xenopus cell-free systems. However, the powerful combination of sophisticated genetics and good cytology makes Drosophila an excellent system in which to study chromatid separation, and several types of mutants affecting this process have been identified.
RELATION OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS TO THE DIVISION CYCLE IN MAMMALIAN CELL CULTURES.

Protein synthesis in suspension cultures of human cells in logarithmic growth was inhibited with puromycin or chloramphenicol, and the growth rate and mitotic index were measured as a function of time. The mitotic index remained constant for about 1 hour after addition of inhibitor; this indicates that any protein synthesis necessary for mitosis is completed before the beginning of prophase. For rates of protein synthesis equal to or greater than 0.3 that of untreated cells, the index decreased over a 5- to-7-hour period and then remained constant. The final value of the index relative to that of the uninhibited control was approximately equal to the relative rate of protein synthesis. The period from the end of DNA synthesis to mitosis (G2) was increased by partial inhibition of protein synthesis. A mathematical model of the inhibition process has been formulated which predicts the shape of the mitotic index curves and the increase in the G2 period. An interpretation of the model is that the rate-limiting step is the synthesis of an enzyme which catalyzes the formation of a compound necessary to initiate mitosis.