cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Hemidiaphragmatic Paralysis: A Rare Complication of VZV (P1.296)

OBJECTIVE: A case of hemi-diaphragmatic paralysis secondary to Herpes Zoster reactivation in the C3-T2 dermatomes. BACKGROUND: Diaphragmatic paralysis is often caused by structural lesions or neurodegenerative/neuromuscular diseases, and rarely by infectious agents. Varicella Zoster reactivation (shingles)generally affects sensory nerves; however, occasionally motor nerves are also affected. Few cases have been reported associating hemi-diaphragmatic paralysis with a Zoster outbreak affecting C3-5 dermatomes and involving the anterior horn/roots of the cervical spinal cord. DESIGN/METHODS: Case report RESULTS: A 61 year-old former bilateral lung transplant recipient experienced a severe Zoster outbreak in his right C3-T2 dermatomal distribution one week after a MVA. He was admitted and treated with valacyclovir. One to two weeks later, he experienced exertional dyspnea and felt he couldn’t draw a deep breath on the right. He sought evaluation and was found to have had a decline of his FEV1 and to have decreased right hemi-diaphragm movement compared to the left as seen on chest fluoroscopy. Exam revealed absent right bicep reflex but otherwise normal reflexes, full strength, decreased sensation of the right lateral upper arm, and distal leg neuropathy. Scabs from shingles eruption were evident in C3-T2 dermatomes on the right. Work up included CT C-spine, which showed only moderate neural foraminal narrowing at C5-6 and C6-7 which was determined by neurology/neurosurgery to be noncontributory. CT chest ruled out any mass compressing the phrenic nerve. Right diaphragm hemi-paralysis was determined to be due to phrenic nerve impairment due to post-zoster sequelae affecting the parent roots, C3-5 (based on photos of C3-T2 vesicular eruption). CONCLUSION : VZV-related hemi-diaphragm paralysis has rarely been reported in the literature. Our case was particularly interesting due to well-documented anatomical distribution of the herpetic outbreak (C3-T2). Awareness of this rare complication, particularly in immunocompromised individuals, may help guide appropriate diagnosis and management. Disclosure: Dr. Grayson has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kaur has nothing to disclose. Dr. Malaty has nothing to disclose.
Virulence modulation in Photorhabdus spp.

Photorhabdus is a bacterium that forms a mutualistic relationship with nematodes (Heterorhabditidae) and is responsible for insect mortality during nematode infection. The purpose of this study was to investigate virulence modulation (vmo) in Photorhabdus spp. where individual colonies exhibit different levels of virulence. Despite in-depth studies on culturing Photorhabdus spp. and its nematode partner, little is known about ideal growth conditions prior to virulence assays. Accordingly, eight Photorhabdus strains with representatives from each species were grown in four media types. All strains grew best in either Luria-Bertani broth + 0.1% pyruvate or tryptic soy broth + 0.5% yeast extract. However, on agar the only media on which all strains grew well were agar plates supplemented with pyruvate. To investigate vmo, virulence of individual colonies from three species was examined. Vmo was exhibited in two out of the three tested strains. Results may aid in the design of Photorhabdus virulence assays.
A bioluminescent assay for monitoring conjugation of ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins

Post-translational modification of target proteins by ubiquitin (Ub) and ubiquitin-like (Ubl) proteins is a critical mechanism for regulating protein functions affecting diverse cellular processes. Ub/Ubl proteins are conjugated to lysine residues in substrate proteins through an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent enzymatic cascade involving enzyme 1 (E1)-activating enzyme, E2-conjugating enzyme, and E3 ligase. The amount of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) produced in the first step, involving E1-mediated Ub/Ubl activation, represents an accurate measure of Ub/Ubl transfer during the process. Here we describe a novel bioluminescent assay platform, AMP-Glo, to quantify Ub/Ubl conjugation by measuring the AMP generated. The AMP-Glo assay is performed in a two-step reaction. The first step terminates the ubiquitination reaction, depletes the remaining ATP, and converts the AMP generated in the ubiquitination reaction to adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and in the second step the ADP generated is converted to ATP, which is detected as a bioluminescent signal using luciferase/luciferin, proportional to the AMP concentration and correlated with the Ub/Ubl transfer activity. We demonstrate the use of the assay to study Ub/Ubl conjugation and screen for chemical modulators of enzymes involved in the process. Because there is a sequential enhancement in light output in the presence of E1, E2, and E3, the AMP-Glo system can be used to deconvolute inhibitor specificity.
Coronary angiographic and morphologic correlation.

Necropsy and, more recently, physiologic studies have demonstrated the limitations of coronary angiography in estimating the percentage of luminal narrowing due to atherosclerotic plaque. Necropsy studies have also confirmed that coronary arterial spasm is typically associated with fixed atherosclerotic stenoses. Finally, necropsy studies of individual patients have clarified certain points regarding thrombolytic therapy, coronary “collateral” blood flow, myocardial bridges, and coronary arterial dissection.
Genes and Development: The Stem Cell Perspective

The idea that genes control development is widespread in biology and philosophy. But the notorious ambiguity of the term “gene” makes assessment of this claim difficult.111 In classical genetics, “the gene” is a theoretical entity that predicts patterns of traits across generations. Localization of this hereditary material to chromosomal DNA and elucidation of its structure in the 1950s cemented the more realistic molecular gene concept. The Central Dogma (symbolized as DNA→ RNA→protein) and genetic code then established molecular genes as the primary causes of phenotypes. Today, a common understanding of the term is: (G) A gene is a causally active DNA sequence associated with a particular phenotypic trait.
DOCLINE® : An overview of the DOCLINE system, its functions, purposes and descriptions of participating libraries

In March 2006, NLM released DOCLINE version 2.7 adding several major enhancements to the National Library of Medicine's interlibrary loan request routing and referral system. This paper presents an overview of the DOCLINE system, its functions, purposes, and descriptions of participating libraries. A summary of interlibrary loan statistics is also included. DOCLINE 2.7 provides new functionality to accommodate the growing shift to delivery of articles via electronic means. It also adds new features to request routing to provide a wider pool of potential lenders so that borrowers have access to the full resources of DOCLINE libraries.
PROPAGATION CHARACTERISTICS OF PICOSECOND ELECTRICAL TRANSIENTS ON THIN FILM YBa2Cu3O7-y TRANSMISSION LINES

Picosecond electrical transients have been propagated on various sized superconducting parallel coplanar transmission lines made of YBa2Cu3O7-y. The superconducting films were produced at Cornell University in-situ by a high pressure reactive evaporation process without the necessity of a post-deposition oven anneal cycle.1 The films were prepared on a yttria stabilized cubic zirconia substrate. The smallest transmission lines made from these films were 15 μm in width spaced by 15 μm. For the first time, propagation of these electrical transients were studied through the use of a cryogenic electro-optic sampler2 over a temperature range of 1.8 K to 90 K. The sampling was done in a reflection-mode type geometry3 which freed the substrate from being a suitable electro-optic material. The transient waveforms at various temperatures were recorded and analyzed for attenuation and dispersive characteristics. As the temperature approached the critical temperature of the superconducting film an increasing phase delay between input and output waveforms was noted.
Meaning in life: nature, needs, and myths

The authors first discuss the nature of meaning with a focus on three broad functions of meaning and two levels of meaning. Next, the authors discuss the need for meaning with a focus on the four needs for meaning (Baumeister 1991). Finally, the authors discuss some myths related to meaning, particularly the expectation that everything in life does (or will) make sense and have a reason. Throughout the chapter, the authors discuss ideas where the existential perspective and positive psychology perspective differ and could be integrated. Meaning in life likely serves several different functions. First, meaning helps individuals detect patterns in their environment. Such patterns can exist in the physical or social environment. The second function is communication. The third function is related to self-control. Meaning enables one to refer to cultural standards and think about long-term goals and therefore facilitates self-control. Meaning can exist on multiple levels (Vallacher and Wegner 1985). A high level of meaning involves complex and abstract relationships that span out across a large time frame. A low level of meaning is concrete and is in the present moment. The implications of moving to and from different levels of meaning are also discussed. The authors break down the need for meaning in life into four basic needs: purpose, values, efficacy, and self-worth. If all four needs are satisfied it will engender a sense of meaning in life. If one or more of the four needs is unfulfilled, one will be motivated to adjust their life in such a way that all four needs are covered. These four needs can be seen as unique motivations that facilitate making sense of and finding meaning in life.
Source-receiver Marchenko redatuming: Obtaining virtual receivers and virtual sources in the subsurface

ABSTRACTBy solving the Marchenko equations, one can retrieve the Green’s function (Marchenko Green’s function) between a virtual receiver in the subsurface and points at the surface (no physical receiver is required at the virtual location). We extend the idea behind these equations to retrieve the Green’s function between any two points in the subsurface, i.e., between a virtual source and a virtual receiver (no physical source or physical receiver is required at either of these locations). This Green’s function is called the virtual Green’s function, and it includes all primary, internal, and free-surface multiples. Similar to the Marchenko Green’s function, this virtual Green’s function requires the reflection response at the surface (single-sided illumination) and an estimate of the first-arrival traveltime from the virtual locations to the surface. These Green’s functions can be used to image the interfaces from above and below.
Right patient, right appointment, right provider at the right time.

125Background: Patients with a suspicious scan or confirmed cancer diagnosis are anxious to be seen by an oncology provider. It’s important that patients are scheduled to see the most appropriate providers in the right order and timing for their clinical needs. At one large academic medical center, where patient volumes are high, the system is complex, and patients often travel. It was identified that patients were being scheduled out of order, had incomplete information, or could have been scheduled with improved timing and with additional support. This occurred in multiple disease sites. Methods: Based on this assessment, a process has been initiated to where the intake forms completed on each new patient scheduled are routed to the oncology nurse navigators via the electronic medical record. The nurse navigators then reach out to the patient prior to their appointment to further triage their needs, identify barriers and provide education and additional resources. Results: This intervention, while in ea...
Infinite component σ-models and instanton solutions

We consider SO(N) and SU(N) σ-models in the case of finite N and N→∞. In the finite-component case, we propose certain set of instanton and elliptic-instanton solutions.
Principles of Epilepsy Diagnosis and Management

Epilepsy is a fairly common condition compared to other neurological disorders. Approximately 3.1 % of the US population (about 9 millions) suffers from epilepsy. About 5 % of the US population (about 15 millions) will have a seizure at some time in their lives and only just a bit more than half of those will progress into epilepsy.
Transdermal delivery of dimethyl fumarate for Alzheimer’s disease: Effect of penetration enhancers

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an orally administered drug with neuroprotective and immunomodulatory activities. It has potential uses in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of transdermal delivery of DMF by studying the effect of different penetration enhancers on the skin permeation of DMF. The permeation of saturated DMF solutions was investigated in propylene glycol (PG) with varying concentrations of each of the following enhancers: Polysorbate 80 (T80), N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), laurocapram (Azone®) (Az), Transcutol P (Tc), Terpineol (Terp), and cineole (Cin) using vertical Franz diffusion cells and human cadaver skin. The results showed that all penetration enhancers improved the rate of permeation of DMF. The rank order for the highest concentration of each enhancer was as follows: Cin > Az>TC > Terp>T80≥NMP. The most effective penetration enhancer was shown to be 5% cineole with a 5.3-fold increase in the enhancement ratio (ER). The amounts of drug delivered suggest that DMF is a potential candidate for transdermal drug delivery.
Blood Pressure Parameters and their Associations with Death in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.

Optimal blood pressure (BP) parameters among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have been a matter of debate. This review critically evaluates recent literature to better define the associations of BP parameters and death among individuals with non-dialysis-dependent CKD. Observational studies report a “U- or J-shaped” association between BP and all-cause mortality in CKD and caution-intensive BP lowering in the elderly. Causes of death have been evaluated in a recent report noting higher cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular/non-malignant-related mortality among CKD population with SBP 150 mmHg. Very few randomized control trials evaluated the impact of different BP targets on patient-centered outcomes in those with CKD. Recently published SPRINT trial results suggest that intensive SBP control (<120 mm Hg) reduces cardiovascular events and all-cause death among non-diabetic patients with and without CKD. Clinical trial evidence supports lower BP target in those with mild to moderate non-diabetic CKD. However, clinical trials are warranted to further determine the beneficial effects of intensive blood pressure control in diabetic CKD population. In elderly population with CKD, BP targets might need to be individualized based on their comorbidities, life expectancy, and other factors.
DEMOCRATIC, ACCOUNTABLE STATES ARE IMPOSSIBLE WITHOUT “BEHAVIORAL” HUMANS: DEMOCRATIC, ACCOUNTABLE STATES ARE IMPOSSIBLE WITHOUT “BEHAVIORAL” HUMANS

Accountable, democratic government is impossible assuming that the self-interested, rational individuals of traditional economic theory are the only available citizens and officials. Approaching near realization of such a form of government, as occurred in parts of the world during recent generations, required reconfiguring autocratic states with the aid of the actual human impulses that underlie attraction to norms of fairness, capacities to cooperate, desire for social approval, and anger at norm violators. Increasing our understanding of how accountable government began to approach realization during the past two centuries may aid society in preserving and building on this still-new political arrangement.
Reservoir Properties of the Desert Shattuck Member, Caprock Field, New Mexico

The deposits of deserts are often viewed as homogeneous sequences of eolian sand. However, studies of modern deserts show them to be the product of a complex interaction of wind- and water-driven processes. Eolian, fluvial, sabkha, and lacustrine settings are common in deserts, giving rise to a variety of sand-body geometries and a wide range of possible reservoir characteristics.
Rare Solid Tumors: Clinical Manifestations and Pathology

The rare solid tumors that arise in the pancreas can be divided conveniently into two major groups: those that are unique to the pancreas and those that are found also in other locations. The former group includes pancreatoblastoma, pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma, mixed acinar-endocrine cell carcinoma, solid-pseudopapillary tumor, and osteoclast-like giant-cell tumor. These tumors are the major focus of this chapter. The latter group includes some clear-cell carcinomas, oncocytic tumors, lymphomas, germ-cell tumors, and mesenchymal tumors. These entities are familiar because of their more common occurrence in other sites, and they are considered here in large part because of their importance in the differential diagnosis. The literature relating to many of these lesions arising in the pancreas is scant and composed chiefly of case reports, in the absence of reports of series. A third group of entities is also considered here because of their importance in the differential diagnosis of solid pancreatic masses: These are the tumor-like lesions such as ectopic spleen, inflammatory pseudotumor, and chronic pancreatitis.
Characterization of Porosity and Pore Quality in Sedimentary Rocks

Abstract Porosity in sedimentary rocks is commonly measured by point counting petrographic thin sections. Pore space is often formed by pores of much smaller dimensions than the 30 μm thickness of the thin section. This can lead to severe inconsistencies in identification of pore space because of a wide range of overlap between pore space and the mineral framework, and because of partial pore occlusion by very fine-grained material. Much improved images of pore space are provided by thin sections that are surface-stained with fluorescent dye and observed under reflected fluorescent light. The observed image more closely approaches the ideal of a two-dimensional mathematical slice, and fine details of pore structure that are not visible using standard transmitted light techniques are revealed. Allowance for partially occluded pores gives much closer agreement between laboratory measured porosities and those determined from thin section. The modified point count permits an index of pore quality, a measure of the overall degree of occlusion of pore space by fine material to be defined.
Semantic Network Active Directory Service System

The project focuses on the implementation of a Semantic Network utilizing an Active Directory Service System in providing real-time access of relevant information within closed communities, ranging from educational standpoints to secure server networks where queried information must be protected. A distributed server model is implemented to accommodate an expanding Semantic Network. However, the added scalability poses a challenge in the synchronization of data across multiple servers. To provide a uniform Semantic Network and efficiently utilize the computational power of this distributed server platform, an innovative software architectural model is presented. Such endeavors fulfill on-demand Internet-based client requests for aerospace information exchange [1]. This exchange is based on synchronization of an Extensible Markup Language (XML) [2] directory and file structure, which tracks content and metadata across the distributed server network.
Change in scar visibility in LGE-MRI with time after RF ablation procedure

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia affecting more than 2 million people in North America. Radio-frequency (RF) and cryo ablations of the left atrium (LA) are effective for symptomatic, drug refractory AF patients. Reported success rates of the procedure vary significantly with AF recurrences ranging from 25-50%. Many AF recurrences occur early after the procedure. However, considerable fraction of recurrence happens later (> 3 months after the procedure) when post-ablation scar is believed to be stable. Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE) MRI is used to assess post-ablation scar in AF patients treated using RF and cryo ablations. The main aim of this work was to study how the visibility of post-ablation scar in LGE-MRI changes with time after RF ablation procedure.
An IRL Approach for Cyber-Physical Attack Intention Prediction and Recovery

Modern autonomous cyber-physical systems have been demonstrated to be vulnerable to cyber-attacks like sensor spoofing in which an attacker stealthily compromises sensor readings to hijack the system toward undesired and possibly hazardous states. The majority of security techniques developed today are, however, reactive and concerned with detection and interdiction of attacks without considering predicting the intention of the attack. To deal with such problem, we propose a Bayesian Inverse Reinforcement Learning technique that leverages the history of sensor data and control inputs to predict the goal of sensor spoofing attacks, determine which sensors are compromised, and recover the system. We also propose an active exploration framework to improve the convergence rate of the intention inference before reaching undesired states. The proposed approach is validated with simulation results on a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle navigation case study.
Saying One Thing and Doing Another: Whiteness and Education in the Neoliberal Era

This essay uses students’ consideration of their high school’s mission statement—an equity statement meant to foster multiculturalism—to consider whiteness and education in the neoliberal era. During 2012-2013, 40 predominately white high school students voluntarily participated in a teacher-researcher project concerning critical whiteness pedagogy. They conducted Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) about whiteness in the fall. Findings from their research were used to write a script that was performed as the high school’s spring play in 2013. The author both facilitated this project and conducted ethnographic research to document the process. An ethnographic, narrative vignette is used to examine students’ critique of the school’s equity statement to consider how ostensible practice of multiculturalism in this high school may actually have contributed to white supremacy by disguising whiteness.
Template Trees: Extracting Actionable Information from Machine Generated Emails

Many machine generated emails carry important information which must be acted upon at scheduled time by the recipient. Thus, it becomes a natural goal to automatically extract such actionable information from these emails and communicate to the users. These emails are generated for many different domains, providing different types of services. However, such emails carry personal information, therefore, it becomes difficult to get access to large corpus of labeled data for supervised information extraction methods.
Hispanic-Serving Institutions and Mass Media Engagement: Implications for Sociolinguistic Justice:

This article describes the rise of Hispanic-serving institutions (HSIs) as an institutional designation within postsecondary education in the U.S. context, and outlines some of the language-based c...
Facial recognition software in clinical dysmorphology.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW The current review aims to discuss the incorporation of facial recognition software into the clinical practice of dysmorphology and medical genetics. RECENT FINDINGS Facial recognition software has improved the process of generating a differential diagnosis for rare genetic syndromes, and recent publications demonstrate utility in both research and clinical applications. Software programs are freely available to verified medical providers and can be incorporated into routine clinic encounters. SUMMARY As facial recognition software capabilities improve, two-dimensional image capture with artificial intelligence interpretation may become a useful tool within many areas of medicine. Geneticists and researchers can use such software to enhance their differential diagnoses, to study similarities and differences between patient cohorts, and to improve the interpretation of genomic data. Pediatricians and subspecialists may use tools to identify patients who may benefit from a genetic evaluation, and educators can use these tools to interest students in the study of dysmorphoplogy and genetic syndromes.
INSIM-FT in three-dimensions with gravity

Abstract For situations where reservoir management based on developing and running a full-scale reservoir simulation model is not plausible, data-driven models may provide an attractive alternative. Recently, we developed a simple data-driven model, INSIM-FT for reservoir flow and transport as a replacement for a reservoir simulator. However, INSIM-FT only considers two-dimensional flow in a reservoir that contains only vertical wells. In this work, we develop a new data-driven model that extends the interwell numerical simulation model with front-tracking (INSIM-FT) from single-layer reservoirs to full three-dimensional (3D) multi-layer reservoirs. The new model, which is referred to as INSIM-FT-3D, can be used for history matching and reservoir performance predictions for a three-dimensional reservoir under waterflooding. The novelty of the new approach includes: (1) INSIM-FT-3D replaces the original Riemann solver in INSIM-FT by a new Riemann solver based on a convex-hull method that enables the solution of the Buckley–Leverett problem with gravity; (2) unlike the original INSIM-FT model, which assumes all wells are vertical, the INSIM-FT-3D model allows for the inclusion of wells with arbitrary trajectories with multiple perforations; (3) INSIM-FT-3D applies Mitchell's best-candidate algorithm to automatically generate the imaginary wells that are evenly distributed in the reservoir given a set of prefixed actual well nodes and (4) INSIM-FT-3D utilizes our own modification of Delaunay triangulation to build the 3D connection map necessary to use the general INSIM-FT-3D formulation. History matching of the INSIM-FT-3D model parameters is performed using the ensemble-smoother with multiple data assimilations. The model parameters for history matching include the connection-based parameters, the parameters defining the power-law relative permeabilities and the parameters defining the well indices for the perforated zones of a well with multiple perforated well segments. The reliability of the analytical water-saturation solution obtained with INSIM-FT-3D is validated by comparison with corresponding results from an Eclipse [47] model with very fine grids and small time steps. After illustrating the utility and reliability of the method for a three-dimensional synthetic problem, the method is shown to give reasonable history-matching and prediction results for a field example. At last, the proposed method is tested for Brugge field, a field-scale synthetic reservoir simulation model.
Violence exposure, conflict, and health outcomes in inner-city African American adolescents.

Purpose To examine relationships among community and school violence exposure, parent-adolescent conflict, coping style, and self-reported health in a sample of 432 high-risk, inner-city African American adolescents at age 14 years. Design and methods Multiple regression and principal component analysis were used to analyze the secondary data. After controlling for multiple covariates (eg, sex, age, blood lead levels, and socioeconomic status), both violence exposure and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) were related to health outcomes. The survey of exposure to community violence, the safe-school survey, and the conflict tactics scale were used to measure community violence, school violence, and parent-adolescent conflict. Coping was evaluated using the general coping scale. The child health illness profile-adolescent edition was used to obtain self-reported health measures, and the clinician-assisted PTSD scale was used to measure PTSS. Results Higher exposure to community violence was associated with less emotional comfort, less family involvement, higher individual risk, and poorer academic and work performance. Parent-adolescent conflict predicted less physical and emotional comfort and poorer home safety and health. Conclusions Our findings suggest that it is important to evaluate both violence exposure and the responses to the exposure, which can include both PTSS and diverse coping strategies.
X-43 Hypersonic Vehicle Technology Development

NASA recently completed two major programs in Hypersonics: Hyper-X, with the record-breaking flights of the X-43A, and the Next Generation Launch Technology (NGLT) Program. The X-43A flights, the culmination of the Hyper-X Program, were the first-ever examples of a scramjet engine propelling a hypersonic vehicle and provided unique, convincing, detailed flight data required to validate the design tools needed for design and development of future operational hypersonic airbreathing vehicles. Concurrent with Hyper-X, NASA's NGLT Program focused on technologies needed for future revolutionary launch vehicles. The NGLT was "competed" by NASA in response to the President s redirection of the agency to space exploration, after making significant progress towards maturing technologies required to enable airbreathing hypersonic launch vehicles. NGLT quantified the benefits, identified technology needs, developed airframe and propulsion technology, chartered a broad University base, and developed detailed plans to mature and validate hypersonic airbreathing technology for space access. NASA is currently in the process of defining plans for a new Hypersonic Technology Program. Details of that plan are not currently available. This paper highlights results from the successful Mach 7 and 10 flights of the X-43A, and the current state of hypersonic technology.
E-033 Outcomes of intracranial carotid artery aneurysms treated with novel second generation coils: results from the SMART registry

Background Flow diversion is a viable treatment modality for the embolization of proximal intracranial carotid artery aneurysms (cavernous, superior hypophyseal, ophthalmic). In this study, we evaluated the outcomes of patients with internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysms who were treated with using novel second generation coils in the SMART registry. Methods We reviewed the multicenter, prospective SMART registry that enrolled patients who underwent endovascular treatment using Penumbra SMART™ Coils. Study endpoints include peri-procedural device-related serious adverse events, the occlusion status immediately post procedure as well as a follow-up angiogram after one year. We included only patients who underwent coiling for intracranial carotid aneurysms in this analysis. Results Out of 906 patients included in the SMART registry, 131 (14.5%) patients were treated for cavernous, ophthalmic, or superior hypophyseal artery aneurysms (age 56.7 ±12.7 yr, 88.5% were females, and 7.6% were ruptured). Most of the aneurysms were wide-necked (defined as an aneurysm with a dome-to-neck ratio less than 2.0 and/or a neck length of 4 mm or more) (86 patients, 65.6%). Sixty patients (45.8%) underwent stent-assisted coiling and 21 patients (16%) underwent balloon-assisted coiling. Device related serious adverse effects were noticed in one patient (0.8%) and periprocedural mortality occurred in one patient (0.8%). Immediate Raymond class I was achieved in 37 patients (28.2%) and one-year Raymond class I was achieved in 56/79 patients (70.9%). One-year recanalization occurred in 8 patients (6.1%). Conclusions In this large, contemporary multicenter registry of patients, coil embolization using the SAMRT coils offers a reasonably safe and effective treatment of intracranial ICA aneurysms, as demonstrated by the high rates of complete one-year aneurysm occlusion and the low rate of recanalization and complications. Disclosures E. Almallouhi: None. M. Anadani: None. S. Al kasab: None. M. Sattur: None. A. Spiotta: 2; C; Penumbra, Cerenovus, Minnetronix.
The air up there - Chilaiditi's syndrome: A case report and review of the literature

Chilaiditi's sign is the presence of radiolucency in the subdiaphragmatic space as a result of colonic interposition, often misdiagnosed as a pneumoperitoneum. It is caused by anatomical variations that result in transpositioning of bowel within the subdiaphragmatic space. Chilaiditi's syndrome is the presentation of cardiac, respiratory or abdominal symptoms accompanied by Chilaiditi's sign. Symptomatic patients are managed with surgical intervention with the literature suggesting various resective and non-resective techniques to correct the anatomical defect. In this case an open right hemicolectomy was performed in attempt to remove the transpositioning bowel and a hepatopexy was performed to prevent any further reoccurrence of the syndrome. This case report highlights the diagnostic dilemma and management of Chilaiditi's syndrome in a resource constrained Sub-Saharan Hospital.
THE CHALLENGES OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN EATING DISORDERS

A number of studies have examined the association of the three major eating disorders - anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder - with metabolic syndrome, or with individual components of metabolic syndrome, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Present evidence suggests that anorexia nervosa confers no excess risk of metabolic syndrome and may be associated with lower risk of certain metabolic syndrome components, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. Bulimia nervosa shows associations with increased risk for metabolic syndrome components in some studies, but not in others. Binge-eating disorder, however, is strongly associated with increased risk for both metabolic syndrome and its components - and these associations appear to be mediated not only through elevated body weight, but also possible body-weight-independent factors. Given that binge-eating disorder is the most common eating disorder, treatment and prevention of metabolic syndrome in this group represents a significant clinical and public health challenge.
David Markson: This Is Not a Novel (2016)

This “not a novel” closes the frame opened with Diderot’s This Is Not a Story. In its own way, it explodes the notion of what a novel is supposed to be in a way not unlike what Diderot was doing over two centuries earlier. This Is Not a Novel may not be a story, but it is something equally addictive: gossip, with a dash of puzzle including sniping including Michelangelo calling Leonardo “as ignorant as a maidservant.” But the not-a-novel is much more than that on a structural level and is more in tune with what Robbe-Grillet suggested in For a New Novel. This chapter attempts to investigate those notions of what constitutes a novel.
China's Stadium Diplomacy in Africa

China has been building sports stadiums in Africa at an increasing pace owing to its smart power—a combination of its values, cultural influences, and policies—alongside the unconditional economic ...
P112 Partnering for Community-Health and Wellness: A County-Wide, Mayor's Fitness Challenge

Objective To increase physical activity in citizens utilizing a competition between cities and other partnerships. Use of Theory or Research Knowing that accountability is a major factor in increasing physical activity, the Mayor's Fitness Challenge is a competition designed to promote health and wellness and provide accountability and positive reinforcement. Target Audience Citizens of all ages living in Brevard County. Program Description To mitigate organizational challenges, this program takes a county-wide approach and utilizes partnerships to provide opportunities for multiple cities and organizations to address community health and wellness via a challenge that shares resources, funding, personnel, and expertise. Eleven of the 16 municipalities participated in a free, 8-week fitness challenge designed to get citizens involved in a healthy competition. Everyone who joins within a municipality is considered part of that mayor's "team." The only requirement is participants must start moving and track their progress. The committee uses a point system to equalize different team sizes. The municipality with the most points is awarded ‘Most Fit City 2021.’ Throughout the challenge, city leaders, county parks, and other organizations partnered to host more than 35 free physical activities to keep citizens involved. Examples of past events include beach clean ups, virtual 5k walks, yoga, and Zumba. Evaluation Methods Minutes of physical activity were self-reported by participants weekly. This was tracked through an online program developed by the committee. Additionally, participants were asked to complete an online post-survey, which asked about healthy habits adopted and general feedback of the program. Results Last year, 1,877 residents registered with 65% completing the full challenge and reporting over 4.5 million minutes of exercise. Based on post-survey results, 70% of participants reported an increase in the number of days they exercised, development of at least 1 new healthy habit that improved their sleep, mood, and/or focus, and an intent to continue incorporating physical activity into their routine. Conclusion These results suggest that participants who are empowered by their community incorporate healthy choices into their lifestyle.
OLIGOSACCHARIDE ELICITORS IN HOST-PATHOGEN INTERACTIONS : GENERATION, PERCEPTION, AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION

Studies of plant-microorganism interactions yielded the first evidence that oligosaccharides could serve as biological signals. Much of this research focused on the synthesis and accumulation of antimicrobial phytoalexins in response to microbial attack. Phytoalexin synthesis and accumulation are observed not only after microbial infection, but also after treatment of plant tissue with cell-free extracts of microbial origin.
Catalytic and regulatory properties of native and chymotrypsin-treated pyridoxine-5-phosphate oxidase

Brain pyridoxine-5-P oxidase is activated by the tryptophan metabolites 3-hydroxyanthranilate and 3-hydroxykynurenine. 3-Hydroxyanthranilate at concentrations of 0.03 mM relieves the inhibition elicited by accumulation of the substrate pyridoxine-5-P (Ki = 60 microM). The results of fluorometric measurements indicate that four molecules of 3-hydroxyanthranilate bind to the dimeric enzyme (56 kDa) with an association constant of 5.5 x 10(4) M-1. Differential spectral measurements failed to detect any direct interaction between the cofactor FMN and the effector 3-hydroxyanthranilate. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the effector molecules bind to sites of the dimeric protein distinct from the cofactor site. Limited chymotrypsin digestion of pyridoxine-5-P oxidase yields catalytically active species that are no longer susceptible to activation by 3-hydroxykynurenine. A polypeptide of 16 kDa containing FMN and endowed with full catalytic activity was isolated by ion-exchange chromatography. It is postulated that the structural domain associated with catalytic activity composes approximately one-half of the molecular mass of pyridoxine-5-P oxidase (28 kDa), whereas the remaining portion of the macromolecule contains regulatory binding sites.
Microlithography with Soft X Rays

The use of soft x rays as a practical means of replicating patterns in the fabrication of electronic and optical microdevices was suggested by Spears and Smith(1, 2) in 1972. The approach is similar to contact x-ray microscopy, which has been used for several decades (see Chapter 8). Typically, x-ray wavelengths from 0.4 to 8.0 nm are used to proximity print Au mask patterns supported by thin transparent substrates with 0.1-µm resolution. X-ray lithography is an important alternative to optical lithography because it overcomes the fundamental limitations of diffraction and of shallow depth of field. Although x-ray replication is itself dependent on electron beam lithography for generating masks, it has inherently higher resolution for making device features. More importantly, it is a parallel rather than a serial exposure process, which tends to make it much more cost effective effective than direct electron beam wafer writing. In fact from an economic point of view, x-ray lithography is potentially competitive with optical lithography for fabricating electronic devices with 1.0-µm features. At 0.5-µm feature sizes x-ray lithography may be the only viable approach that has a throughput on the order of one wafer per minute. X-ray lithography systems intended to meet these micron and submicron volume production goals are being developed commercially.
Assessment of microcirculatory perfusion in healthy anesthetized cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy using sidestream dark field microscopy

Objective To: (1) determine the feasibility of using sidestream dark field microscopy (SDM) to measure microcirculatory parameters in healthy, anesthetized cats and (2) determine if surgical tissue manipulation and anesthesia time alter these parameters during ovariohysterectomy. Design Prospective observational study. Setting University teaching hospital. Animals Eighteen healthy female cats. Interventions Sublingual mucosa microcirculatory videos were obtained under general anesthesia preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively using an SDM device in healthy cats presenting for ovariohysterectomy. At each video acquisition point, macrovascular parameters (heart rate, blood pressure, pulse oximetry, end-tidal CO2) were recorded. Vascular analysis software was used to calculate standard microcirculatory parameters. Multivariate analysis was performed to compare microvascular and macrovascular parameters, as well as correlation with the effect of surgical manipulation and time under anesthesia. Measurements and Main Results Twelve of 18 cats were included in final video analysis; 6 were removed for poor video quality. Values for total vessel density (TVD, 47.7 ± 8.39 mm/mm2), proportion of perfused vessels (PPV, 88.2 ± 5.95%), perfused vessel density (PVD, 43.0 ± 9.00 mm/mm2), microcirculatory flow index (MFI, 2.33 ± 0.33) were determined preoperatively. There were no significant changes in TVD, PPV, and PVD across intervention points. The MFI increased significantly from preoperative to intra- and postoperative data collection points. No correlation between microcirculatory parameters and length of anesthesia or macrocirculatory values was found. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance This study demonstrated that SDM can be utilized to obtain sublingual microvascular parameters in healthy, anesthetized cats. Limitations include difficulty in obtaining high quality images, presumed need for general anesthesia, and need for off-line video analysis. This technology has potential as a tool in experimental and clinical monitoring of microcirculatory changes in felines.
Infrared Road-Automobile Communication

We investigate the problem of communication between road-side infrared beacon and moving automobile. The various noise sources are investigated and a worst-case throughput and error probability are determined.
Effective targeting of tumor vasculature by the angiogenesis inhibitors vasostatin and interleukin-12

Solid tumors are dependent on preexisting vasculature and neovascularization for their growth. Successful cancer therapies targeting the tumor vasculature would be expected to block the existing tumor blood supply and to prevent tumor neovascularization. We tested the antitumor activity of experimental therapy with 2 distinct antiangiogenic drugs. Vasostatin inhibits endothelial cell growth and neovascularization, and interleukin-12 (IL-12) targets the tumor vasculature acting through interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and the downstream chemokines interferon-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) and monokine induced by IFN-γ. Individually, vasostatin and IL-12 produced distinct efficacy profiles in trials aimed at reducing tumor growth in athymic mice. In combination, these inhibitors halted the growth of human Burkitt lymphoma, colon carcinoma, and ovarian carcinoma. Thus, cancer therapy that combines distinct inhibitors of angiogenesis is a novel, effective strategy for the experimental treatment of cancer.
Exposure of polyethylene particles induces interferon‐γ expression in a natural killer T lymphocyte and dendritic cell coculture system in vitro: A preliminary study

Two major issues in total joint arthroplasty are loosening of implants and osteolysis caused by wear particle-induced inflammation. Wear particles stimulate the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and other inflammatory mediators from macrophages and other cells. Although the biological response of macrophages to wear debris is well established, the role of other cell types such as natural killer T lymphocytes (NKT) and dendritic cells (DCs) is limited. Here we show that ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) particles stimulate NKT cells to secrete Interferon-γ (IFN-γ); coculture with DCs further enhanced IFN-γ secretion. Furthermore, UHMWPE particles did not stimulate NKT cells to secrete IL-4, while the NKT cell natural ligand α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) treatment in the coculture system significantly enhanced both IFN-γ and IL-4 expression by NKT cells. Comparatively, NKT cells and/or DCs exposed to polymethylmethacrylate particles did not stimulate IFN-γ or IL-4 expression. Mouse bone marrow derived macrophage polarization by lipopolysaccharide and conditioned medium from NKT cells and/or DCs exposed to UHMWPE particles increased tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), but reduced arginase-1 expression in macrophages. The current findings indicate that UHMWPE particles stimulate NKT cells/DCs to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines; this pathway is a novel therapeutic target to mitigate wear particle induced peri-prosthetic osteolysis.
Subband transmission line modelling for robust power system transient simulation

A numerically robust, computationally efficient method for modelling a frequency-dependent transmission line (FDTL) by means of low-order transfer functions using a perfect reconstruction filter bank (PR-FB) is proposed. Modelling the delay-transfer functions associated with the characteristic impedance and weighting function of a FDTL over a wide range of frequencies typically involves high-order rational function approximations (RFAs). Discretization of the high order RFAs is prone to numerical instability, especially when the ratio of the maximum pole over the minimum pole (condition number) is large. The proposed method improves numerical stability by employing several narrowband (subband), low-order RFAs using a logarithmic tree-structured perfect reconstruction filter bank. Moreover, the method is computationally efficient, since simulation of each subband is of low complexity and very suitable for parallel (multi-core) processing.
1064 nm and 350 nm Laser Damage Thresholds of High Index Oxide Films Deposited from Organic Solutions and Sols

High index oxide coatings TiO/sub 2/, Ta/sub 2/O/sub 5/, ZrO/sub 2/ and HfO/sub 2/ have been prepared from organic solutions of metal organic precursors or from colloidal oxide suspensions. Room temperature processing gives porous coatings of comparatively low index (1.8 to 1.9). Heat treatments can, in some cases, increase the index. Laser damage threshold levels at 1064 nm with a single 1 ns pulse are in the range 6 to 10 J/cm/sup 2/. Lower figures are obtained at 350 nm with a 25 ns pulse under multishot (25 Hz) conditions. 7 refs., 6 figs.
Repeated impact failure of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic and thermoset composites

An effort was made to study the damage mechanisms in both thermoplastic and thermoset composites in response to repeated low-velocity impacts. An instrumented falling-dart impact tester was used th...