cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Leveling Up: A Review of Emerging Trends and Suggestions for the Next Generation of Communication Research Investigating Video Games’ Effects

Research involving the uses and effects of video games has been published for nearly three decades. Despite the medium’s rich potential for a broad range of societal applications and effects, the bulk of communication research dealing with video games has focused on a relatively narrow range of conceptual problems. This chapter presents an analysis of the advancement and evolution of four emerging areas of games research: gaming and cognition, gaming and health, alternative responses to anti-social gaming content, and social dimensions of gaming. In addition to reviewing the literature for each of these areas, directions for future research are suggested.
Multimodal image stitching algorithm for weed control applications in organic farming

In computer vision applications based on machine learning algorithms, a ground truth of datasets is necessary for efficient training of classification or data mining algorithms. Due to the increasing computer power, machine vision systems are developed for robotic, medical and industrial applications. This paper puts the main emphasis on the SURF algorithm for agricultural image applications in organic farming. The algorithm is used for a multimodal image stitching algorithm for biological weed control in the agricultural sector. Based on the algorithm a ground truth agricultural crop map is produced to allow a proper detection of weed. The calculation effort of the algorithm is examined and the experimental results are presented.
Unconstrained pulse pressure monitoring for health management using hetero-core fiber optic sensor.

In this paper, we present a pulse pressure waveform sensor that does not constrain a wearer’s daily activity; the sensor uses hetero-core fiber optics. Hetero-core fiber sensors have been found to be sensitive to moderate bending. To detect minute pulse pressure changes from the radial artery at the wrist, we devised a fiber sensor arrangement using three-point bending supports. We analyzed and evaluated the measurement validity using wavelet transformation, which is well-suited for biological signal processing. It was confirmed that the detected pulse waveform had a fundamental mode frequency of around 1.25 Hz over the time-varying waveform. A band-pass filter with a range of frequencies from 0.85 to 1.7 Hz was used to pick up the fundamental mode. In addition, a high-pass filter with 0.85 Hz frequency eliminated arm motion artifacts; consequently, we achieved high signal-to-noise ratio. For unrestricted daily health management, it is desirable that pulse pressure monitoring can be achieved by simply placing a device on the hand without the sensor being noticed. Two types of arrangements were developed and demonstrated in which the pulse sensors were either embedded in a base, such as an armrest, or in a wearable device. A wearable device without cuff pressure using a sensitivity-enhanced fiber sensor was successfully achieved with a sensitivity of 0.07–0.3 dB with a noise floor lower than 0.01 dB for multiple subjects.
Compromised Proteolytic Cleavage of Von Willebrand Factor Type 2N Variants by ADAMTS13 in the Presence of Factor VIII (and Platelets) Under Fluid Shear Stress.

Abstract Abstract 28 von Willebrand Factor (VWF) is a large, multimeric adhesive glycoprotein that is involved in the formation of a platelet plug after vascular injury. In addition, VWF functions as a carrier protein for clotting factor VIII (FVIII) which prevents rapid clearance of plasma FVIII. Decreased levels of VWF or defects in VWF function are found in patients with von Willebrand disease (VWD). Quantitative defects of VWF protein in type 1 and 3 VWD affect plasma levels of both VWF and FVIII, whereas qualitative defects in type 2 VWD result in abnormal binding of VWF to platelets such as in type 2A, 2B, and 2M, or to FVIII such as in type 2N. Previous studies have demonstrated that FVIII binds VWF, which dramatically accelerates the proteolytic cleavage of multimeric VWF by ADAMTS13 under mechanically-induced shear stresses. This rate-enhancing effect of FVIII on VWF proteolysis appears to depend on the ability of FVIII to bind VWF, as a FVIII variant lacking the A3 acidic region fails to exhibit the cofactor activity that accelerates VWF proteolysis. To determine whether reduced FVIII binding in VWF type 2N variants affects VWF proteolysis, we examined the proteolytic cleavage of recombinant VWF type 2N variants in the presence of FVIII (and lyophilized platelets) for variants with a moderate VWD phenotype (Arg854Gln and His817Gln) or severe VWD phenotype (Arg763Gly, Arg782Trp, Thr791Met, and Arg782Trp + His817Gln). Recombinant VWF type 2N variants (37.5 μg/ml or 150 nM) were incubated with ADAMTS13 (25 nM) in the absence and the presence of various concentrations of FVIII (0-40 nM) with or without lyophilized platelets (0-600×103/μl) under fluid shear stress. The proteolytic cleavage products (350 kDa) were determined by 5% SDS-PAGE and Western blot under denaturing but non-reducing conditions. We show that the proteolytic cleavage of VWF type 2N variants by ADAMTS13 under these conditions was variably reduced as compared that of wild type VWF. The reduction in the cleavage rate was proportional to the degree of reduction in VWF FVIII binding activity, which was assessed with a microtiter assay, with the least cleavage by ADAMTS13 of the variants with the lowest FVIII binding activity. This reduced cleavage of the type 2N variants was not correlated with the binding affinity between the type 2N variants and ADAMTS13 protease. These results provide further evidence that binding of FVIII to VWF, which may alter VWF conformation, is necessary to accelerate VWF proteolysis by ADAMTS13 under fluid shear stress. This variability in ADAMTS13 cleavage may contribute to the heterogeneity of bleeding phenotype of type 2N VWD variants. The bleeding phenotype may be modulated not only by plasma FVIII levels, but also the extent of VWF proteolysis by ADAMTS13 under physiological fluid shear stress. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Connecting natural enemy metrics to biological control activity for aphids in California walnuts

To encourage adoption of conservation biological control, metrics need to be developed that can predict current activity and future potential of biological control. In this study, we evaluated natural enemy metrics to see how well they performed in predicting current and future biological control of Chromaphis juglandicola in California walnut orchards. Metrics based on more direct measures of natural enemy activity, such as percent parasitism and predator–prey ratio, were effective indicators of current biological control activity. Of the natural enemy metrics based on biodiversity, only evenness had a significant relationship with current aphid density, and only in organic orchards. There were two apparent negative relationships between the seasonal change in aphid density and natural enemy metrics, weighted natural enemy units and weighted predator units. June aphid density alone had the strongest influence on the seasonal change in aphid density, however, suggesting that even at low densities walnut aphids show within-year density dependence. Coupled with strong positive relationships between both natural enemy units and predator units and current aphid densities, most likely due to aggregation, this suggests that the apparent predictive power of these two metrics between seasons was an artifact of the density dependence. Overall, the results from this study suggest that for walnut aphid, predator–prey ratio, parasitism and natural enemy evenness (in organic orchards only) can be used to evaluate current biological control activity, but predicting future control potential through the season from natural enemy metrics can be misleading due to the confounding effect of within-year density dependence.
Impairment Sentence Comprehension and Semantic Comprehension in Patients wth Semantic Dementia (SD) (P03.090)

OBJECTIVE: Assess sentence processing in patients with semantic dementia (SD) compared to patients with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). BACKGROUND: Patients with SD have a form of primary progressive aphasia that interferes with word-finding and comprehension of single word meaning. Comprehension of sentences appears to be impaired, but the basis for this deficit is unclear. In this study, we assessed grammatical and working memory components of sentence comprehension. DESIGN/METHODS: Patients with SD (n=15) and aMCI (n=16) were evaluated with a two-alternative forced-choice sentence-picture matching task that manipulated grammatical complexity by presenting cleft and center-embedded sentences. Half of each type of sentence was lengthened by a prepositional phrase strategically placed to increase working memory demands related to long-distance syntactic relations. We also assessed Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE), Pyramids and Palm Trees (PPT), and Boston Naming Test (BNT). RESULTS: SD patients were significantly impaired in sentence comprehension compared to aMCI and controls (p CONCLUSIONS: SD patients are significantly impaired in sentence comprehension, but this cannot be easily explained by their known language deficits. Additional work is needed to explain the sentence comprehension deficit of SD patients. Supported by: NIH grant HD060406. Disclosure: Dr. Williams has nothing to disclose. Dr. Grossman has nothing to disclose. Dr. Rascovsky has nothing to disclose.
Becoming your true self: Perceptions of authenticity across the lifespan

AbstractTwo studies investigated how authenticity is believed to change over time. We tested for two possible trajectories: (1) A simple positive linear progression driven by self-enhancement motives and (2) a linear progression followed by a plateau indicative of the end of the history illusion. Across both studies, participants completed measures of perceived authenticity for different points in their lives. Study 1 was over a relatively short period of time. Study 2 was over the course of the lifespan. Both studies revealed upward linear trends suggesting that participants believe they are becoming more authentic over time. Study 2 also revealed that people perceive particularly high rates of change in the recent past and near future. The preponderance of evidence favored the self-enhancement perspective.
Control of speed of a hand-held electrical nutrunner system using adaptive disturbance compensator

This work develops an Adaptive Disturbance Compensation (ADC) control scheme for hand-held electrical nutrunner system. ADC deals the adverse effects of external disturbance and modeling uncertainty that are commonly associated with the electrical nutrunner that is powered by a servomechanism. ADC adaptively adjusts the compensator gains in real time, so that the output of the actual system following compensation faithfully follows the output of the reference model. Finally, to verify the effectiveness of the ADC control scheme, two speed tracking experiments were performed on hand-held electrical nutrunner system. The experimental results reveal that the proposed scheme performs satisfactorily.
Medicaid Coverage of Methadone Maintenance and the Use of Opioid Agonist Therapy among Pregnant Women in Specialty Treatment

Background Opioid agonist therapy (OAT) is the standard of care for pregnant women with opioid use disorder (OUD). Medicaid coverage policies may strongly influence OAT use in this group. Objective To examine the association between Medicaid coverage of methadone maintenance and planned use of OAT in the publicly funded treatment system. Research design Retrospective cross-sectional analysis of treatment admissions in 30 states extracted from the Treatment Episode Data Set (2013 and 2014). Subjects Medicaid-insured pregnant women with OUD (n=3354 treatment admissions). Measures The main outcome measure was planned use of OAT on admission. The main exposure was state Medicaid coverage of methadone maintenance. Using multivariable logistic regression models adjusting for sociodemographic, substance use, and treatment characteristics, we compared the probability of planned OAT use in states with Medicaid coverage of methadone maintenance versus states without coverage. Results A total of 71% of pregnant women admitted to OUD treatment were 18-29 years old, 85% were white non-Hispanic, and 56% used heroin. Overall, 74% of admissions occurred in the 18 states with Medicaid coverage of methadone maintenance and 53% of admissions involved planned use of OAT. Compared with states without Medicaid coverage of methadone maintenance, admissions in states with coverage were significantly more likely to involve planned OAT use (adjusted difference: 32.9 percentage points, 95% confidence interval, 19.2-46.7). Conclusions Including methadone maintenance in the Medicaid benefit is essential to increasing OAT among pregnant women with OUD and should be considered a key policy strategy to enhance outcomes for mothers and newborns.
Comparison of Different Ranking Methods in Wine Tasting

In this paper, we compare three ranking methods in wine tasting in terms of their respective accuracy levels. The first two are the original-score average and rank average, which are con- ventional methods in practice. The third is a relatively new ranking method called Shapley ranking. It is a game-theory-based ranking method, whereby judges are required not to rank order or score all the wines but only to choose a subset that they find meritorious. A sim- ulation study is designed, wherein the data-generating scheme mimics how the real wine- tasting data are produced. We also consider two criteria in the comparison: the squared- error loss, which is a suitable measure when accurate ranking of all wines is of interest; and the percentile loss, which only considers whether the wines are correctly put in a certain subset. The main conclusion from our study is that the ranking based on score average is gen- erally more accurate than that based on rank average. Shapley ranking, with the consideration that it puts less burden on judges in wine tasting, may outperform the other methods in certain conditions
Documenting Americans: A Political History of National ID Card Proposals in the United States

This is the first and only comprehensive, book-length political history of national ID card proposals and developments in identity policing in the United States. The book focuses on the period from 1915 to 2016, including the post-9/11 debates and policy decisions regarding the introduction of technologically-advanced identification documents. Putting the United States in comparative perspective and connecting the vital issues of immigration and homeland security, Magdalena Krajewska shows how national ID card proposals have been woven into political conflict across a variety of policy fields. Findings contradict conventional wisdom, debunking two common myths: that Americans are opposed to national ID cards and that American policymakers never propose national ID cards. Dr Krajewska draws on extensive archival research; high-level interviews with politicians, policymakers, and ID card technology experts in Washington, DC and London; and public opinion polls.
Oral manifestations of lipoid proteinosis in a 10-year-old female: A case report and literature update

Lipoid proteinosis (LP) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the deposition of amorphous hyaline material in the dermis and submucosal connective tissue. Here, we present a case of LP with significant oral, dermatologic, and neurologic manifestations occurring in a 10 year-old female of Asian descent. In addition to the more typical oral findings of restricted tongue movement and labial and buccal mucosal involvement, this case highlights an unusual pattern of gingival enlargement infrequently reported in the literature. As LP almost always involves the oral cavity, often before the onset of cutaneous lesions, it is important for dental providers to be familiar with the oral manifestations of this disease. Early detection and diagnosis of LP by the dental practitioner can help expedite proper multidisciplinary care and lead to significant reductions in patient morbidity and mortality.
The Mathematics of Projectiles in Sport. By Neville de Mestre

(1991). The Mathematics of Projectiles in Sport. By Neville de Mestre. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 98, No. 2, pp. 178-179.
Eating Disorders: Current Nutrition Therapy and Perceived Needs in Dietetics Education and Research

Abstract Objective Research was conducted to obtain a profile of nutrition therapy currently in practice for patients with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and anorexia/bulimia (mixed diagnosis) and to identify the areas of dietetics education and research regarding eating disorders that need more attention. Design A cross-sectional correlational survey was conducted by mailing a questionnaire composed of open- and closed-ended questions to US dietitians who work with patients who have eating disorders. Sample Of 199 dietitians selected from a list of 495 representing all geographic areas of the United States, 117 responded. The list was obtained from a national referral network for eating disorders. Statistical analysis χ 2 Analysis was completed on all closed-ended answers. Pearson's correlation coefficient with a value of P Results Nutrition therapy administered varied among dietitians treating inpatients, outpatients, and both. Three community groups were identified as most important to reach for prevention of eating disorders: junior high school students, coaches, and parents. Crucial areas of research were perceived by 94 dietitians to be comparative effectiveness of techniques of medical nutrition therapy (n=55) and of techniques of prevention (n=26) and increased understanding of etiology in relation to identification of high-risk groups and prevention (n=21). Dietitians desired further information on multiple topics related to eating disorders. Application Medical nutrition therapy for eating disorders is a specialization that requires education and training beyond the minimum required for dietetic registration. Some of the techniques required are unique to this specialization due, in part, to the psychological nature of the disorders. All dietitians, however, must be able to recognize and refer patients with eating disorders; these skills must be included in basic undergraduate programs and internships. This study supports the need for more research concerning the outcomes of nutrition therapy and the effectiveness of prevention programs. J Am Diet Assoc. 1995; 95:1109-1112.
Physical activity and breast cancer risk in the College Alumni Health Study (United States)

Objectives: It is unclear whether physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer. Some studies also suggest different effects between pre- and postmenopausal women, and lean and heavy women. Methods: We followed 1,566 University of Pennsylvania alumnae (mean age, 45.5 years), initially free of breast cancer, from 1962 until 1993. Physical activity at baseline was assessed by asking women about stairs climbed, blocks walked, and sports played. We estimated energy expenditure and categorized women into approximate thirds (< 500, 500-999, 1,000+ kcal/wk). We identified 109 breast cancer cases during 35,365 person-years from follow-up questionnaires or from death certificates. Results: After adjustment for age and body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2), the relative risk (RR) of breast cancer was 0.92 (95 percent confidence interval [CI]=0.58-1.45) among women expending 500-999 kcal/wk and 0.73 (CI=0.46-1.14) for those expending 1,000+ kcal/wk, compared with women expending < 500 kcal/wk (P trend=0.17). This association was modified by menopausal status, but not BMI. For postmenopausal women, corresponding RRs were 0.95 (CI=0.58-1.57) and 0.49 (CI=0.28-0.86), respectively (P trend=0.015). Increased physical activity in premenopausal women was not significantly associated with decreased risk of breast cancer. Conclusions: These data support an inverse association between physical activity and breast cancer among postmenopausal women. Cancer Causes and Control 1998, 9, 433–439
Mean Field Annealing

The simulated annealing algorithm was proven in Chapter 4 to converge asymptotically to configurations with minimum cost if the number of transitions made at each temperature is sufficiently large. When applied to Hopfield neural networks, the resulting stochastic machines also exhibit the desirable attributes of preventing the networks from becoming stuck in local minima because simulated annealing allows the state of a stochastic machine to evolve through perturbations. Such an advantage is attained, however, at the expense of excessive computation required for the stochastic relaxation of variables. In searching for the equilibrium state of a machine at each temperature, the stochastic relaxation process is lengthy. By replacing the stochastic neurons by mean field approximation, which is often used in statistical physics [62], [158], it is expected that a faster relaxation to reach thermal equilibrium can be attained. That is, stochastic binary neurons of the stochastic machines are replaced by deterministic continuous ones, and a set of deterministic updating equations are used instead of the stochastic updating process in simulated annealing. Though this approximation method may not guarantee the search to reach global minima, it does provide a good approximation in finding near-optimal solutions with much less computing effort. The concept of mean field approximation is not new, but it was C. Peterson and his colleagues [128], [129], [130], [131], [132] who first introduced and applied this concept to neural networks in solving optimization problems. Much literature [15], [19], [32], [45], [80], [97], [119], [120], [144], [149], [162], [165], [166], [167], [176], [177] has since covered great details of mean field annealing, its implementations, and its applications.
The 8Li(n, γ)9Li reaction and primordial nucleosynthesis

Abstract Shell-model calculations, using both p-shell and spd-shell interactions, have been used to predict the spectroscopic properties of low-lying states in 9 Li. From this information, we have obtained new estimates for the rate of the 8 Li(n, γ) 9 Li reaction, which may act to limit the production of heavy elements during an inhomogeneous big bang. The two calculations produce reaction rates which differ by about a factor of 2 at the temperatures of interest, demonstrating the uncertainties in this approach. However, the spd calculation appears to be the more reliable of the two.
Adverse psychiatric effects of systemic glucocorticoid therapy

Glucocorticoid therapy causes psychiatric side effects in many patients. Although psychiatric side effects occur most commonly in women and middle-aged patients, no clinical features have been identified to predict which patients are at risk. The most frequent side effects are mood changes ranging from mild euphoria to hypomania, but other reactions, including depression, dementia and psychosis, are possible. The incidence of psychiatric side effects is directly related to dosage. The mechanism by which glucocorticoids produce psychiatric symptoms is probably multifactorial, including both direct and indirect effects on the brain. Psychiatric symptoms usually resolve with dosage reduction or controlled withdrawal of glucocorticoids, but antipsychotic medication may be indicated if symptoms are severe or prolonged.
Remyelination in Multiple Sclerosis: A Mechanistic Look

Abstract Multiple sclerosis (MS) is presumably an immune mediated disease of the human central nervous system with two salient pathophysiologic components: inflammatory demyelination and neurodegeneration. Both arms of MS pathophysiology cause loss of myelin sheath and myelin-producing cells, oligodendrocytes. Existing therapies for MS are based heavily on suppression of the peripheral immune system, with no significant impact on neurodegeneration and repair of lost myelin. The remyelination process is expected to restore normal neuronal activity and repair some of the existing injury to the CNS. However, the remyelination process is often overwhelmed by the demyelinating process, and in that condition, the outcome will be neuronal and axonal loss, along with accumulating disability for the MS patient.
Light and Redox-Linked H+ Translocation: Pumps, Cycles, and Stoichiometry

Two mechanisms of H+ translocation have been discussed thus far, the uptake and release of H+ by ubi- and plastoquinone (Chap. 5), and the release of H+ in the photosynthetic water splitting reaction (Chap. 6.8). The probable involvement of protein acid-base groups in the pathway of H+ uptake to QA and QB in the photosynthetic reaction center was discussed in Chap. 5, section 5.8. Particular proteins are known to function in H+ translocation. Many of the ideas on structure and function of proteinaceous H+ pumps originated with bacteriorhodopsin (section 7.2). An H+ pump is an energy-linked H+ translocation system in a transmembrane protein or protein complex. Transmembrane H+ pump function has also been documented for the electron transport protein complex cytochrome oxidase of respiratory membranes (section 7.3), and has been proposed for the cytochrome bc1 (b6f) complex in respiratory and photosynthetic membranes (section 7.4). The bacteriorhodopsin and cytochrome oxidase pump systems, as well as the chloroplast CFo-CF1 ATPase pump, all have a characteristic maximum rate of H+ translocation, 200–500 H+/pump-s, corresponding to a common millisecond rate-limiting step and implying a common mechanism.
TRPV1 Mediates Glucose-induced Insulin Secretion Through Releasing Neuropeptides.

Background/aim Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1)-expressing sensory nerves innervate the pancreatic islets. Sensory neuropeptides, including calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP), participate in insulin secretion. This study aimed to investigate the role of TRPV1 in glucose-induced insulin secretion. Materials and methods TRPV1-/- and wild-type (WT) mice were fed a normal diet for 24 weeks. Glucose tolerance and insulin secretion were measured at the end of the experiments. Results TRPV1-/- mice had greater impairments in glucose tolerance and higher decrease in glucose-induced insulin secretion than WT mice. Capsaicin (a TRPV1 agonist) increased insulin secretion in WT, but not in TRPV1-/- mice. Glucose-induced insulin secretion was blunted in TRPV1-/- mice, and was attenuated by AMG9810 (a TRPV1 inhibitor), CGRP8-37 (a CGRP receptor antagonist), or RP67580 (a NK-1 receptor antagonist) in WT mice. Glucose-induced SP and CGRP release from WT pancreas was higher than that from TRPV1-/- pancreas. Conclusion TRPV1 mediates glucose-induced insulin secretion likely through CGRP and SP release.
A case of hepatocellular carcinoma presenting with myasthenia gravis (P5.4-031)

Objective: To describe a case of hepatocellular carcinoma presenting with myasthenia gravis Background: The association of Myasthenia Gravis (MG) with thymomas and thymic hyperplasia is well known. However, MG with extrathymic malignancy is much less common; cases of MG associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are even more rare. Design/Methods: We evaluated an individual in the hospital that presented with MG and was subsequently found to have HCC. A literature review of the incidence and pathophysiology of MG associated with extrathymic malignancies was performed as well. Results: We report the case of a 73-year-old right handed male with a past medical history of psoriasis, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus who presented with a 5-month history of progressive dysphagia, dysarthria, and 40-pound weight loss. His initial exam revealed labial and lingual dysarthria with prolonged speech and bilateral ptosis which improved with ice pack test. There was no fatigability of his axial muscles or ophthalmoplegia. His serum was positive for acetylcholine receptor binding, blocking and modulating antibodies, along with greater than 10% decline in compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude on repetitive nerve stimulation testing. CT Chest did not show thymoma or thymic hyperplasia. He was treated with 5 days of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and started on maintenance pyridostigmine with some improvement in his bulbar symptoms. Further workup revealed multiple large hepatic lesions confirmed to be HCC after surgical biopsy. He was discharged home with plans to follow up with regional cancer center for further treatment. Conclusions: While myasthenia gravis associated with extrathymic malignancies is not uncommon, its association with hepatocellular carcinoma is infrequently reported and may be suggestive of an alternative immune-mediated pathophysiology. Disclosure: Dr. Fussner has nothing to disclose. Dr. Garg has nothing to disclose. Dr. Sharp has nothing to disclose.
From the Trenches: The Landscape of Sports Dispute Resolution and Athlete Representation

The Act that gave the Olympic Committee its authority is the Ted Steven’s Olympic and Amateur Sports Act. It was first passed in 1978 under the tutelage of Senator Stevens of Alaska. It was updated in 1998, and in the update there was a passage added regarding the creation of the position of athlete ombudsman. One of the primary authors of that actual language is Mr. Benz, who was, at the time, at the USOC. President Clinton signed the bill into law in October 1998 with a funding bill. I am the only one to have ever held this position, and I started in March 1999. I am not legal counsel for athletes, because if I were I would have to represent the first athlete that comes to me and that is not the way it works. I have an obligation to all athletes, not just the first one that calls. Thus, I am a neutral provider of information to athletes in this process.
The Effects of Jargon on Processing Fluency, Self-Perceptions, and Scientific Engagement:

In this experiment (N = 650), we integrate ideas from the literatures on metacognition and self-perception to explain why the use of jargon negatively affects engagement with science topics. We off...
A data-driven framework for defining stages of oil weathering.

Abstract Oil weathering is often described subjectively after a spill. Adjectives like “moderate” and “severe” help define the extent of oil loss but fail to communicate quantitatively and reproducibly the degree of weathering. The use of subjective weathering terms often leads to misperceptions about persistence and toxicity of oil residues in the environment. The weathering of MC252 oil from the Deepwater Horizon spill started immediately after release during the 1500-m ascent to the sea surface and continued as it was transported on the surface and reached the shoreline. Weathering processes included evaporation, dissolution, photo-degradation, and biodegradation, among others. With extensive sample collection and detailed chemistry and source fingerprinting analyses, the Deepwater Horizon data provide a unique opportunity to evaluate weathering processes semi-quantitatively. An objective method of defining the degree of oil weathering is developed based on the detailed chemical results for over 700 MC252 oil samples from the environment.
Maplets: An Efficient Approach for Cooperative SLAM Map Building Under Communication and Computation Constraints

This article introduces an approach to facilitate cooperative exploration and mapping of large-scale, near-ground, underground, or indoor spaces via a novel integration framework for locally-dense agent map data. The effort targets limited Size, Weight, and Power (SWaP) agents with an emphasis on limiting required communications and redundant processing. The approach uses a unique organization of batch optimization engines to enable a highly efficient two-tier optimization structure. Tier I consists of agents which create and potentially share local maplets (local maps, limited in size) which are generated using Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) map-building software and then marginalized to a more compact parameterization. Maplets are generated in an overlapping manner and used to estimate the transform and uncertainty between those overlapping maplets, providing an accurate and compact odometry or delta-pose representation between maplet's local frames. The delta poses can be shared between agents, and in cases where maplets have salient features (for loop closures), the compact representation of the maplet can also be shared. The second optimization tier consists of a global optimizer that seeks to optimize those maplet-to-maplet transformations, including any loop closures identified. This can provide an accurate global “skeleton” of the traversed space without operating on the high density point cloud. This compact version of the map data allows for scalable, cooperative exploration with limited communication requirements where most of the individual maplets, or low fidelity renderings, are only shared if desired.
Impact of Cigarette Smoking on Re-operation and Revision Surgery after Femoral Neck Fracture Treatment.

Introduction. Smokers and nicotine users have a higher risk of femoral neck fracture non-union and prolonged time to fracture union. The impact of smoking resulting in revision surgery after fixation of femoral neck fractures, however, rarely has been studied. The aim of this retrospective study was to review if cigarette smoking had an influence on re-operation and revision after femoral neck fracture treatment. Methods. Three groups of patients (Group 1: active smokers; Group 2: former smokers; and Group 3: non-smokers) who sustained a femoral neck fracture from January 2012 through August 2018 were included. Outcomes investigated included femoral neck fracture type, operative fixation type, fixation failure, and time interval between initial fixation and revision. Results. A total of 1,452 subjects were identified (Group 1: 165 subjects; Group 2: 507 subjects; and Group 3: 780 subjects). In the male population, Groups 1 and 2 had higher rates of femoral neck fracture than Group 3. Twelve cases required revisions (Group 1: three cases (6%); Group 2: two cases (2%); Group 3: seven cases (4%)), with all but one revision within the first year following initial fixation. Group 1 patients tended to be younger than the other two groups. Conclusion. Smoking has a positive association with the risk of femoral neck fracture amongst active and former male smokers. This study concluded that active smokers have a higher risk of non-union compared with non-smokers or former smokers. Smoking history, especially heavy or long-term, should play a role in deciding which fixation construct type to use for femoral neck fractures.
Submillimeter System for Imaging through Inclement Weather

If the US Army is to operate well during inclement weather, including fog, rain, snow, and low-lying clouds, it must have a transportable system which will provide a visual image at ranges of 1-5 kilometers consistent with direct-fire weapons. The combined requirements of limited antenna aperture, small beam divergence, reasonable atmospheric absorption, and low scattering from aerosols drive us to the submillimeter portion of the spectrum.
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

Publisher Summary Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare and potentially fatal syndrome of hyperthermia, rigidity, autonomic instability, and mental status derangement. The primary morbidity and mortality associated with NMS are irreversible brain injury from hyperthermia and renal failure from myoglobinuria secondary to rigidity-induced skeletal muscle necrosis. Neuroleptics are commonly prescribed drugs in the United States. Phenothiazines, thiothixine, and butyrophenones are the agents most commonly implicated in causing NMS, with haloperidol being the most commonly associated, most likely because it was one of the most commonly prescribed neuroleptics. The differential diagnosis of NMS includes other syndromes with hyperthermia as a prominent feature, fever complicating Parkinson's disease or other extrapyramidal syndromes, and lethal catatonia. Malignant hyperthermia and NMS have similar clinical features but are distinguishable because malignant hyperthermia is inherited as an autosomal dominant condition and is only triggered by the administration of anesthetic agents. Patients with NMS should be treated in an intensive care unit. Treatment begins with the immediate withdrawal of the offending neuroleptic or the reintroduction of the antiparkinson agent that was discontinued. The average time for recovery from NMS is 10 days.
Diversity on the Go! Streaming Determinantal Point Processes under a Maximum Induced Cardinality Objective

Over the past decade, Determinantal Point Processes (DPPs) have proven to be a mathematically elegant framework for modeling diversity. Given a set of items N, DPPs define a probability distribution over subsets of N, with sets of larger diversity having greater probability. Recently, DPPs have achieved success in the domain of recommendation systems, as a method to enforce diversity of recommendations in addition to relevance. In large-scale recommendation applications however, the input typically comes in the form of a stream too large to fit into main memory. However, the natural greedy algorithm for DPP-based recommendations is memory intensive, and cannot be used in a streaming setting. In this work, we give the first streaming algorithm for optimizing DPPs under the Maximum Induced Cardinality (MIC) objective of Gillenwater et al. [15]. As noted by [15], the MIC objective is better suited towards recommendation systems than the classically used maximum a posteriori (MAP) DPP objective. In the insertion-only streaming model, our algorithm runs in time per update and uses memory, where k is the number of diverse items to be selected. In the sliding window streaming model, our algorithm runs in time per update and memory where n is the size of the sliding window. The approximation guarantees are simple, and depend on the largest and the k-th largest eigenvalues of the kernel matrix used to model diversity. We show that in practice, the algorithm often achieves close to optimal results, and meets the memory and latency requirements of production systems. Furthermore, the algorithm works well even in a non-streaming setting, and runs in a fraction of time compared to the classic greedy algorithm.
From Feast to Famine: Stemming Health System Financial Losses in the Covid-19 Era

University of Virginia (UVA) Health has seen strong financial health and sustained growth in recent years, and has just hired promising new leadership. But in early 2020, the COVID-19 crisis hit with little time to prepare and resulted in immediate and significant financial losses across the organization. Now, with looming losses, J. Corey Feist, CEO of the University Physicians Group (UPG) at the UVA Health System, must help develop a financial mitigation strategy. In January the prospects for growth and expansion were good, and now survival seems to be at stake. What are the primary goals for a turnaround plan? What principles need to be followed? This case, which has been taught successfully online at Darden, addresses factors to consider in financial mitigation plans, including incremental efforts, cuts announced elsewhere in the university, key performance indicators, effects on different groups of employees, and how to communicate the plans. Excerpt UVA-E-0458 Rev. Jan. 26, 2021 From Feast to Famine: Stemming Health System Financial Losses in the COVID-19 Era Introduction J. Corey Feist, JD, MBA, CEO of the University Physicians Group (UPG), sat at his desk considering the challenge facing him. University of Virginia (UVA) Health had seen strong financial health and sustained growth in recent years. But the COVID-19 crisis had hit with little time to prepare and resulted in immediate and significant financial losses across the organization. Now with looming losses, Feist had been asked by senior UVA Health leadership to help develop a mitigation strategy. . . .
Identification of the promoter region of the ribosome-releasing factor cistron (frr).

Abstract Previous studies of the structure and expression of the ribosome-releasing factor (RRF) cistron (frr) have suggested that an efficient promoter region is located in the RRF cistron. We report here on the nucleotide sequence and in vivo function of the RRF promoter. The transcriptional start site was determined by primer extension to be 58 bp upstream of the translational initiation codon of frr. The location of the RRF promoter region was confirmed by means of (i) deletion analysis of the 5' proximal sequences of frr fused to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene, (ii) analysis of RRF produced in vivo from the deletion derivatives of frr cloned into pUC19, and (iii) gel retardation analysis with Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. The -35 and -10 regions were TTacCc and TATAcT, respectively. The strength of the RRF promoter was similar to that of the lac promoter, as determined by in vivo expression of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity. However, the RRF promoter was not affected by the intracellular cyclic AMP level despite the presence of a cyclic AMP receptor protein binding site downstream of the RRF promoter.
-3- Surface acoustic wave technology macrosuccess through microseisms

This chapter gives an overview of three decades of technology development in surface acoustic wave (SAW) ultrasonics. SAW technology, as applied to modern electronic systems, was born with the concept of a thin-metal interdigital electrode transducer (IDT) on a polished piezoelectric plate and spent its youth exploring the limits of time and frequency domain signal processing functions. Since then it has matured as a manufacturing technology in consumer electronics, found economic success in frequency selectivity for telecommunications, and continues to grow and support a variety of wireless and sensor applications. Its secret to success has been the slow wave velocity accorded elastic waves, its accessibility to surface displacements and electric fields, its passive device nature, its high-frequency capability, the availability of a large dynamic range, and the simplicity of its manufacture. A technology with an explosive beginning, it has evolved into a respected and much needed component for time and frequency control in electronic systems and has a promising applications-filled future.
The Abject Life of Things: h.c. andersen's sentimentality

This paper attempts a philosophically rigorous interpretation of H.C. Andersen’s tales. Through a radically conceived sentimentality – the unmediated juxtaposition of the abjection of things, conceived as a paradoxical “desire for desire” having no place in the world, with a cruel, apathetic gaze – Andersen challenges the existence of the soul or subjectivity as what, by combining the theoretical gaze with contemplative pleasure, grants coherence to experience. Thus undermining not only Romantic self-reflection, and its suturing of philosophy to criticism, but Plato’s erotic psychology, Andersen inaugurates a new philosophical literature: a writing for children cultivating an openness.
Gucci Group in 2009

The Gucci Group had transformed itself into the world's third largest luxury retailer with multiple brands. The company had performed well even after the departure of star designer Tom Ford and former CEO Domenico De Sole. However, the challenging global economic times in 2009 raised the question whether it was time, again, to re-adjust Gucci's portfolio, especially as YSL continued to lose money.
The essence of mentalistic agents

Over the last several decades, there has been a wealth of illuminating work on processes implicated in social cognition. Much less has been done in articulating how we learn the contours of particular concepts deployed in social cognition, like the concept MENTALISTIC AGENT. Recent developments in learning theory afford new tools for approaching these questions. In this article, I describe some rudimentary ways in which learning theoretic considerations can illuminate philosophically important aspects of the MENTALISTIC AGENT concept. I maintain that MENTALISTIC AGENT is an essentialized concept (cf. Gelman, in The essential child, 2003; Keil, in Concepts, kinds, and cognitive development, 1992) and that learning-theoretic considerations help explain why the concept is not tied to particular traits.
Should docetaxel be administered earlier in prostate cancer therapy

Three randomized studies examining docetaxel early in metastatic prostate cancer were recently reported. The CHAARTED and STAMPEDE studies showed a survival benefit for docetaxel when started with androgen suppression therapy in men with newly diagnosed metastatic prostate cancer. The STAMPEDE study also included men with biochemically relapsed prostate cancer. The benefit was a median of 13.6 months in the CHAARTED study and 10 months in STAMPEDE. The survival benefit in CHAARTED was stronger in those with high volume disease. The benefit in STAMPEDE was greater in metastatic, rather than biochemically relapsed, prostate cancer. The third study, GETUG-AFU 15, was a smaller study without a survival benefit. These data have changed how we treat metastatic prostate cancer at our centers, as we now offer all men with metastatic castration sensitive prostate cancer docetaxel chemotherapy upfront.
Psychology from the Standpoint of a Behaviorist

Reflex, Habit & Implicit Response: The Early Elaboration of Theoretical and Methodological Behaviourism Robert H Wozniak (Ed) Original publication 1915-1928 420pp Psychology from the Standpoint of a Behaviourist [1919] John Broadus Watson 429pp Social Psychology [1924] Floyd Henry Allport 453pp An Introduction to Objective Psychopathology [1925] Gilbert Van Tassel Hamilton 354pp A Theoretical Basis of Human Behaviour [1925] Albert Paul Weiss 429pp Fundamentals of Objective Psychology [1928] John Frederick Dashiell 588pp
Free Enterprise and Poverty: Cause or Cure?

Poverty in general is created by governmental mismanagement. The solution to the problem is the free enterprise system. Markets reduce poverty by promoting incentives and rational economic activity. Governments exacerbate it by attacking private property, regulating business, and through taxation. The problem of black poverty stems mainly from the breakup, nay, the failure to form, of the black family. This, in turn, is traced to governmental welfare programs.
Beating ploughshares back into swords: warfare in the Linearbandkeramik

Armed with a number of powerful arguments, the authors invite us to face up to the evidence for violence in early Neolithic Europe. Linearbandkeramik (LBK) people first attacked the hunter-gatherers they encountered and then entered a period of increasingly violent warfare against each other, culminating in an intense struggle in the area of central and western Germany. The building of fortifications, physical mutilation and cannibalism, while no doubt enacted with ritual airs, nevertheless had their context and purpose in the slaughter of enemies.
The Thin Line between Love and Hate of Attention: The Customer Shopping Experience

Given the predominant role of technology in customers’ shopping behavior and information acquisition, there is a need to reexamine the appropriate amount of attention given to customers at brick-and-mortar stores. Utilizing both qualitative and quantitative methods, this study finds that consumers do not always want an attentive salesperson but do want their autonomy respected while being seen as desirable by the salesperson. This examination of perceived salesperson attentiveness led to the identification of four possible shopping experiences: bonding, negligence, stalking, and autonomy. Understanding these experiences and when they apply can help managers reevaluate how salespeople can use insightful discretion to provide assistance to retail customers.