cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Data challenges in dynamic, large-scale resource allocation in remote regions

Abstract Resource allocation is difficult in large-scale systems in remote locations with sparse infrastructure and dynamic, demanding requirements, as can be the case in disaster management, emergency and oil spill response, and search and rescue operations. Resource allocation challenges are particularly acute in Arctic oil spill response, where the lack of infrastructure makes logistics challenging and heightens the need for comprehensive and thoughtful resource allocation models. This paper describes data challenges associated with the development of resource allocation models for dynamic network scheduling in support of Arctic oil spill response. A marine transportation traffic analysis and an Arctic resource allocation database, developed to support the resource allocation model development described, were developed using public and private information sources. This paper outlines the challenges associated with the data acquisition and analysis efforts, and provides recommendations for addressing the data challenges, which are similar to those in other complex, safety–critical resource allocation problem settings.
Ante-Partum Rupture of the Uterine Scar Following Low Flap Cesarean Section

Summary Low flap cesarean section does not prevent; rupture of the uterine scar in a subsequent pregnancy, but does decrease greatly the probability of that accident occurring. Available statistics indicate that it occurs only 1/16 as frequently as in patients having the classical type of operation. The predisposing causes seem to be, (1) infection following the previous operation, (2) improper suturing of the wound, and (3) insertion of the placenta at the site of the previous low flap cesarean section scar. A case is reported in which the uterine scar of a previous low flap cesarean section presumably ruptured early in pregnancy as the result of trauma, the product of conception being completely expelled into the abdominal cavity, where it developed four weeks past term as a secondary abdominal pregnancy. Suture of the ruptured uterus at this time resulted in good union, so that a subsequent pregnancy was carried to term. Extensive and careful search of the literature has revealed no similar case.
Analysis of CD4~+T lymphocyte count and HIV viral load in ART patients with ADIS in Heze

Objective To analyze the CD4+T lymphocyte count and virus load in HIV / AIDS patients and to provide basis for evaluation and prevention of the antiviral therapy( ART) and present treatment status. Methods Studies were used to investigate the constituent ratio of CD4+T cells by flow cytometry and virus load was valued by Easy- Q method in 203 cases of HIV patients who had joined first- line ART patients from 2008 to 2013. Results Six annual CD4+T lymphocyte counts had statistically significant difference at three levels( F = 10. 333,P 0. 01). The constituent ratio of individuals whose CD4+T cells were in 200 ~ 350 cells / μl showed a downward trend; In six annuals the difference of three levels of HIV viral load had statistically significance in patients( F = 11. 565,P 0. 01). The constituent ratio of opportunistic infections and the clinical manifestation were all 21. 67%,persistent fever and thrush accounted for the highest proportion,both of them were all 22. 73%,followed by skin injury 15. 91%. Conclusion Significant effect had been achieved in AIDS first – line ART in Heze. The investigation showed that the HIV / AIDS treatment significantly reduced opportunistic HIV infections,improved life quality and maintained immune function partly.
Analysis on the Fuyang City Development Environmental Pollution Comprehensive Program of Public Order Improves the Region Water Environment Quality

OBJECTIVE Reviews Fuyang in 2005 to decide as the provincial level environmental protection accurate supervising and managing area to 2007 to achieve the environmental protection puts off hat the request difficult course. METHODS Through the papermaking industry environmental protection infrastructure construction, the industrial structure adjustment, the basin comprehensive program of public order, the centralism heat, the energy conservation reduce platoon, measures and so on source of pollution online monitor. RESULTS The environmental pollution comprehensive program of public order causes the basin the rivers and streams brook water quality to change clear, within the boundaries the water quality restores Ⅱ ～ Ⅲ The kind, drinks the water source standards. CONCLUSION Three years unremitting diligently and key source of pollution comprehensive program of public order, basin water environment quality and region ecological environment quality distinct improvement, has realized the environmental protection and the economical development win-win aspect.
Intelligence, Academic Achievement, and EEG Abnormalities in Hyperactive Children

The authors took EEG, neurological, psychological, and behavioral measures on 120 hyperactive children, 22 of whom were found to have EEG abnormalities. However, these children scored significantly...
Lipoplasty of the calves and ankles.

The author describes his technique for performing lipoplasty in the difficult calf and thigh areas. Guidelines for proper patient selection and tips to improve the result are also presented.
Utilizing Microwave Susceptors to Visualize Hot-Spots in Trinitrotoluene

In recent years, researchers have shown that the inclusion of susceptors in monomolecular explosives increases microwave absorption where the monomolecular explosive alone is nearly transparent to ...
A family-based study of gene variants and maternal folate and choline in neuroblastoma: a report from the Children’s Oncology Group

Neuroblastoma is a childhood cancer of the sympathetic nervous system with embryonic origins. Previous epidemiologic studies suggest maternal vitamin supplementation during pregnancy reduces the risk of neuroblastoma. We hypothesized offspring and maternal genetic variants in folate-related and choline-related genes are associated with neuroblastoma and modify the effects of maternal intake of folate, choline, and folic acid. The Neuroblastoma Epidemiology in North America (NENA) study recruited 563 affected children and their parents through the Children’s Oncology Group’s Childhood Cancer Research Network. We used questionnaires to ascertain pre-pregnancy supplementation and estimate usual maternal dietary intake of folate, choline, and folic acid. We genotyped 955 genetic variants related to folate or choline using DNA extracted from saliva samples and used a log-linear model to estimate both child and maternal risk ratios and stratum-specific risk ratios for gene–environment interactions. Overall, no maternal or offspring genotypic results met criteria for a false discovery rate (FDR) Q-value <0.2. Associations were also null for gene–environment interaction with pre-pregnancy vitamin supplementation, dietary folic acid, and folate. FDR-significant gene–choline interactions were found for offspring SNPs rs10489810 and rs9966612 located in MTHFD1L and TYMS, respectively, with maternal choline dietary intake dichotomized at the first quartile. These results suggest that variants related to one-carbon metabolism are not strongly associated with neuroblastoma. Choline-related variants may play a role; however, the functional consequences of the interacting variants are unknown and require independent replication.
Computation of higher-order waveguide modes by imaginary-distance beam propagation method

Yevick and Hermansson presented an efficient numerical method for calculating fundamental modes of optical waveguides. We extend their technique to higher-order eigenmodes. Using a finite-difference beam propagation method, we obtain propagation constants and field profiles for the three lowest-order TE modes in an asymmetric rib waveguide.
Corrosion of ISG fibers in alkaline solutions

The corrosion behavior of glass fibers synthesized from the International Simple Glass (ISG) reference ingot, an international High Level Waste (HLW) borosilicate glass standard, is reported. Bundles of glass fibers were submerged in 120 ml of four different solutions of initial pH values (pHi) of 9.5, 10.5, 11.5, and 12.5 for static corrosion testing. While all the experiments reached a residual corrosion rate after ~50 days, which remained approximately constant for the duration of the pHi 9.5-11.5 experiments, the pHi 12.5 experiment underwent a Stage II→III dissolution transition after 57 days. This transition was preceded by a decrease in the Al concentration in solution followed by an increase in B and Si concentration in the leachate. Zeolite NaP2 was observed to form on these fibers via scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction– the crystallinity of the fibers was estimated to be ~40-45% (relative to amorphous component) after the Stage II→III transition. transmission electron microscopy cross sectional imaging of sampled fibers revealed several porous layers on the pHi 9.5-11.5 samples, and a more aggressive alteration mechanism in the pHi 12.5 fibers. Potential markers that indicate a transition from Stage II → Stage III corrosion are shown to occur based on experimental observations. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Out of the shadow: Partners managing illness together

In this manuscript, we critically review existing studies of managing chronic illness within the context of intimate relationships to reveal future paths for this line of inquiry. Building on the combination of insights from previous studies and our own collaborative experiences managing chronic conditions together as relationship partners to one another, we outline some ways that intersectional analyses may broaden contemporary understandings of chronic illness management, and the ways people accomplish such management individually and collectively within varied concrete situations and social locations. Further, we reveal gaps in existing knowledge concerning, for example, sexual, gender, and relationship diversity and propose some ways that narrative and experience-based analyses may begin to close these gaps. In conclusion, we outline a series of concrete directions for furthering study of chronic illness management within intimate relationships.
Recruitment and baseline characteristics of the Community of Voices choir study to promote the health and well-being of diverse older adults.

Abstract Objective To describe the recruitment and baseline results of the Community of Voices study that aims to examine the effect of a community choir intervention on the health and well-being of older adults from diverse racial/ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds. Method Using community-based participatory research methods, we recruited adults age 60 and over from 12 Administration on Aging–supported senior centers in San Francisco into a 2-arm cluster-randomized controlled trial of the community choir intervention. Multiple outreach methods were used. We tracked outreach, screening, and recruitment metrics and collected demographics and baseline outcomes via community-based, interviewer-administered surveys and performance measures of cognition, physical function, and psychosocial variables. Results The study contacted 819 individuals, screened 636, and enrolled 390 diverse older adults over a 42-month, phased recruitment period. The mean age was 71.2 (SD = 7.3), and the majority were women. Two-thirds of the sample are non-white, and 20% of participants reported having financial hardship. Discussion Outreach and recruitment methods used in the Community of Voices trial facilitated enrollment of a large proportion of minority and lower-SES older adults in the final sample. Similar recruitment approaches could serve as a model for recruiting diverse racial/ethnic and socioeconomic older adults into research.
Multi-institutional Outcomes for Simultaneous and Staged Urinary and Fecal Diversions in Patients Without Cancer.

Objective To compare the morbidity and postoperative recovery between patients treated with urinary diversion after colostomy with patients undergoing simultaneous double diversion (DD). Methods A multi-institutional retrospective review was performed in patients treated with urinary diversion after colostomy or simultaneous DD between 2007 and 2014 for noncancerous indications. The Clavien-Dindo system was used to classify complications occurring within 90 days of surgery, and high-grade adverse events (HGAE) were classified grade 3 or higher. Results A total of 46 patients were identified with fecal and urinary diversions (19 in the after colostomy (AC) group, 27 in the DD group). Common indications for urinary diversion were neurogenic bladder (54%) and urinary fistula (44%). Mean hospital stay and return of bowel function after surgery for entire cohort was 13 and 7 days, respectively, with no differences between AC and DD groups. Almost 50% of patients in the cohort experienced an HGAE but there was no difference in HGAE incidence (8/19 AC, 13/27 DD; P = .69) or complication type between the groups. Increased operative time (5% risk per every 15 minutes over 7 hours, P = .03) was the only independent variable associated with increased risk of HGAE. DD was not independently associated with increased risk of HGAE compared with staged urinary diversion. Conclusion Morbidity and postoperative recovery appeared similar whether urinary diversion is performed after colostomy or during a DD.
Normale und pathologische Anatomie der Schilddrüse

Ihr Vorsitzender hat mich freundlicherweise ersucht, Ihnen als Einleitung zur heutigen Diskussion einen kurzen Uberblick uber die normale und pathologische Anatomie der Schilddruse zu geben. Da es nicht moglich ist, in der mir zur Verfugung stehenden kurzen Zeit alle morphologischen Besonderheiten dieses Organes zu behandeln, beschranke ich mich vorwiegend auf solche Fragen, die heute im Vordergrund der Diskussion stehen.
Training for Informatics Research Careers: History of Extramural Informatics Training at the National Library of Medicine

The National Library of Medicine (NLM) has been the primary funder for university-based informatics training programs in the U.S. since the early 1970s. NLM has provided institutional training grants as well as informatics research opportunities for individual fellows. The programs supported by NLM have changed over time as the competencies needed for informatics research training have evolved. Over the years the focus of the program has broadened to address a wide range of informatics needs, including the incorporation of bioinformatics and public health informatics training into programs that had earlier been focused almost exclusively on medical informatics. This chapter describes the evolution of grant-supported informatics training, identifies basic elements of informatics curricula designed to produce informatics researchers, highlights best practices in program administration, and discusses models for program evaluation that can be applied to the informatics training programs.
Deciding to Intervene

Decisions about intervention into today’s armed conflicts are difficult, dangerous, and politically complicated. There are no safe choices. Amid the climate of urgency and uncertainty in which intervention decision-making occurs, international law serves as a guide by providing rules about the legality of intervention. These rules assert that, except for in cases of self-defense, choices about when and how to intervene are to be made by the United Nations Security Council. What the rules do not provide, however, is effective guidance for the political choices the Council makes, such as how to prioritize among competing norms. When, for example, should the Council uphold the sovereignty-based norm of nonintervention and when should it authorize humanitarian intervention in alignment with the emerging norm of the Responsibility to Protect? Absent such guidance, some hold that international law becomes an after-the fact justification for whatever decision is made or that it has no influence whatsoever.Rejecting this view, this Article proposes that international law informs political choices about intervention through its purposive intent. The idea of law’s purposive intent — that rules and norms should be interpreted in light of their object and purpose — is rooted in legal process theory. The Article further posits that the purposive intent of international law is the promotion of peace. Under this approach, any decision to intervene must have as its overriding purpose the promotion of long-term, positive peace. This thesis offers a novel contribution to the literature on intervention by applying legal process theory to an area of inquiry dominated by substantive legal perspectives. More fundamentally, it presents a vision that reshapes the paradigm of intervention from one that mistakenly focuses on combating violence with force to one that takes seriously the daunting task of building peace.
Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) Who Have Not Previously Tested for HIV: Results from the MSM Testing Initiative, United States (2012–2015)

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends annual HIV tests for men who have sex with men (MSM), yet some have never tested. We analyzed data from the MSM Testing Initiative. Of 68,185 HIV tests, 8% were with MSM who never previously tested (“first-time testers”). Among tests with first-time testers, 70.7% were with MSM from racial or ethnic minorities; 66.5% were with MSM younger than 30 years. Tests with MSM who reported female partners only during the past year (compared to male partners only) or were recruited for at-home testing (compared to venue-based recruitment) were 4 times (prevalence ratio [PR] 3.62, 95% CI 3.15–4.15) and 5 times as likely (PR 4.69, 95% CI 4.22–5.21) to be associated with first-time testing. At-home testing and focusing on MSM who have sex with women may be effective methods for reaching MSM who are first-time testers.
Perioperative lung protective ventilation

Perioperative lung injury is a major source of postoperative morbidity, excess healthcare use, and avoidable mortality. Many potential inciting factors can lead to this condition, including intraoperative ventilator induced lung injury. Questions exist as to whether protective ventilation strategies used in the intensive care unit for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome are equally beneficial for surgical patients, most of whom do not present with any pre-existing lung pathology. Studied both individually and in combination as a package of intraoperative lung protective ventilation, the use of low tidal volumes, moderate positive end expiratory pressure, and recruitment maneuvers have been shown to improve oxygenation and pulmonary physiology and to reduce postoperative pulmonary complications in at risk patient groups. Further work is needed to define the potential contributions of alternative ventilator strategies, limiting excessive intraoperative oxygen supplementation, use of non-invasive techniques in the postoperative period, and personalized mechanical ventilation. Although the weight of evidence strongly suggests a role for lung protective ventilation in moderate risk patient groups, definitive evidence of its benefit for the general surgical population does not exist. However, given the shift in understanding of what is needed for adequate oxygenation and ventilation under anesthesia, the largely historical arguments against the use of intraoperative lung protective ventilation may soon be outdated, on the basis of its expanding track record of safety and efficacy in multiple settings.
The Role of Patient Advocacy and the Declining Rate of Clitoroplasty in 46,XX Patients With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

Prior to the 1990s, most 46,XX infants with clitoromegaly secondary to congenital adrenal hyperplasia were treated with feminizing genitoplasty to make their cosmetic appearance congruent with their genotypic sex. A 2006 consensus statement for the management of intersex disorders accepted input from patient advocates and did not support purely cosmetic surgery for clitoromegaly. This study examined the extent to which the desired change was implemented in practice. Retrospective chart review was performed at a single Midwestern tertiary care medical center for patients born between 1979 and 2013. Of 45 virilized patients, 40 had clitoromegaly and 39 had urogenital sinus or posterior labial fusion. Twenty-seven (67.5%) patients underwent clitoroplasty and 33 (84.6%) underwent perineoplasty, including vaginoplasty, urethroplasty, imperforate vagina repair, and/or posterior labial fusion repair. There was a linear decline in the rate of clitoroplasty over time for the patient cohort. This study demonstrates the power of patient advocacy to improve medical practice.
Calibrating use case points using bayesian analysis

Background: Use Case Points (UCPs) have been widely used to estimate software size for object-oriented projects. Yet, many research papers criticize the UCPs methodology for not being verified and validated with data, leading to inaccurate size estimates.Aims: This paper explores the use of Bayesian analysis to calibrate the use case complexity weights of the UCPs method to improve software size and project effort estimation accuracy.Method: Bayesian analysis is applied to integrate prior information (in this study, the weights defined by the UCPs method and suggested by other research papers) with parameter values suggested by multiple linear regression on the data. To validate the effectiveness of this approach, we run the Bayesian-inspired analysis on projects implemented by master's students at University of Southern California and a public dataset retrieved from PROMISE, and compared its performance with three other typical size estimation methods: a priori, original UCPs, and regression methods. To test the approach in a heterogeneous environment, we also run the analysis on the combination of the student projects and the public dataset.Results: The Bayesian method outperforms the a priori, original UCPs, and regression methods by 13.4%, 15.9%, and 15.9% respectively in terms of PRED(.25), and by 16.8%, 16.9%, and 17.8% respectively in terms of MMRE for the student projects. The PRED(.25) and MMRE results similarly improved for the public and the combined datasets.Conclusions: The results show that the Bayesian estimates of the use case complexity weights consistently provide better estimation accuracy, compared to the weights proposed by the original UCPs method, the weights calibrated by multiple linear regression, and the weights suggested in previous research papers.
Integration of Self and Family: Asian American Christians in the Midst of White Evangelicalism and Being the Model Minority

This chapter speaks to the private practice clinical experience of working with intergenerational issues among Asian American clients with a Christian background. I will highlight how the intersection of Asian American cultural and family values with white evangelical Christian ideals might support or challenge family intergenerational relationships. Using clinical case studies, I will be exploring these Asian family values in the context of individuals and families connected to varying types of church communities. Clinical recommendations center on integrating Bowenian concepts of differentiation and autonomy/connectedness with cultural humility around Asian American values. The goal is to provide a model of therapeutic activism with this population entailing collaboration with local churches, building relationships with pastors and church leaders, and developing Asian American resources and seminars.
The Tango in Translation: Intertextuality, Filmic Representation, and Performing Argentine Tango in the United States

This article analyzes representations of the Argentine tango by the U.S. media utilizing Farzaneh Farahzad’s theory of “translation as intertextual practice” and Lawrence Venuti’s theory of translated “adaptations.” I argue that the juxtaposition of Latin American and European cultural stereotypes within filmic representations of the tango has created and reinforced a highly racialized master discourse (Said Faiq) that continues to influence how the Argentine tango is perceived in the United States today. Because cultural translation occurs between a hegemonic culture and a marginalized culture, representations of the tango in the United States both create and reinforce a master discourse that inextricably ties the tango to an exoticized and eroticized Latin “Other.” I conclude by discuss how the racialized and sexualized narratives discussed throughout this paper are integrated into contemporary performance of the tango. I draw on ethnographic research with tango communities throughout the United States to illustrate how 20th century filmic representations of the tango continue to motivate, influence, and inform how, when, and why the Argentine tango is performed by U.S. dancers and musicians. Films analyzed include Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, Some Like it Hot, Last Tango in Paris, and The Scent of a Woman, as well as a variety of lesser-known films and television advertisements. Although a large variety of 20th century films feature the tango, the films discussed in this paper were selected for analysis due to the frequency with which they are referenced by tango aficionados and contemporary tango dancers, musicians, and deejays performing throughout the United States today.
Watching is the new reading: Comparing the outcomes of popular books, TV shows, and video games

This study investigated three narrative media — books, video games, and television — and compared popular examples of them, as they represent narrative content in which the user now has the ability to control the pace of the narrative. Outcomes associated with narrative consumption were compared across these media, and the personality trait transportability was also included in the analysis. Results indicated that whereas books and TV represented similar narrative experiences, video games provided less opportunity for transportation into a narrative, appreciation, lasting impression, and suspense. Implications for transportation theory and narrative consumption are discussed.
Quantitative Accuracy in Calculating Charge Transfer State Energies in Solvated Molecular Complexes Using a Screened Range Separated Hybrid Functional within a Polarized Continuum Model

A screened-range separated hybrid (SRSH) functional in combination with a polarized continuum model (PCM) was recently implemented within a consistent dielectric polarization treatment. The SRSH-PCM demonstrated excellent agreement of the calculated fundamental orbital gaps with measured energies in the condensed phase. Here we develop a linear response time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) approach to obtain solvated charge transfer state energies. We show that the calculated excited state energies of solvated electron-donor-acceptor complexes are in excellent agreement with measured benchmark values. Specifically we consider donor-acceptor complexes of functionalized anthracenes with tetracyanoethylene in methylene chloride. Our proposed SRSH-PCM calculated energies earn a mean absolute deviation (MAD) from the benchmark values as low as 0.04 eV with optimal tuning in PCM, whereas values based on simpler RSH-PCM, without proper treatment of dielectric screening, are associated with a 0.27 eV MAD.
Unfair Scheduling Patterns in NUMA Architectures

Lock-free algorithms are typically designed and analyzed with adversarial scheduling in mind. However, on real hardware, lock-free algorithms perform much better than the adversarial assumption predicts, suggesting that adversarial scheduling is unrealistic. In pursuit of more realistic analyses, recent work has studied lock-free algorithms under gentler scheduling models. This begs the question: what concurrent scheduling models are realistic? This issue is complicated by the intricacies of modern hardware, such as cache coherence protocols and non-uniform memory access (NUMA). In this paper, we thoroughly investigate concurrent scheduling on real hardware. To do so, we introduce Severus, a new benchmarking tool that allows the user to specify a lock-free workload in terms of the locations accessed and the cores participating. Severus measures the performance of the workload and logs enough information to reconstruct an execution trace. We demonstrate Severus's capabilities by uncovering the scheduling details of two NUMA machines with different microarchitectures: one AMD Opteron 6278 machine, and one Intel Xeon CPU E7-8867 v4 machine. We show that the two architectures yield very different schedules, but both exhibit unfair executions that skew toward remote nodes in contended workloads.
Wnt-Notch Signaling Interactions During Neural and Astroglial Patterning of Human Stem Cells

The human brain formation involves complicated processing, which is regulated by a gene regulatory network influenced by different signaling pathways. The cross-regulatory interactions between elements of different pathways affect the process of cell fate assignment during neural and astroglial tissue patterning. In this study, the interactions between Wnt and Notch pathways, the two major pathways that influence neural and astroglial differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) individually, were investigated. In particular, the synergistic effects of Wnt-Notch pathway on the neural patterning processes along the anterior-posterior or dorsal-ventral axis of hiPSC-derived cortical spheroids were explored. The human cortical spheroids derived from hiPSCs were treated with Wnt activator CHIR99021 (CHIR), Wnt inhibitor IWP4, and Notch inhibitor (N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-l-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester [DAPT]) individually, or in combinations (CHIR + DAPT, IWP4 + DAPT). The results suggest that CHIR + DAPT can promote Notch signaling, similar or higher than CHIR alone, whereas IWP4 + DAPT reduces Notch activity compared to IWP4 alone. Also, CHIR + DAPT promoted hindbrain marker HOXB4 expression more consistently than CHIR alone, while IWP4 + DAPT promoted Olig2 expression, indicating the synergistic effects distinctly different from that of the individual small molecule. In addition, IWP4 simultaneously promoted dorsal and ventral identity. The patterned neural spheroids can be switched for astroglial differentiation using bone morphogenetic protein 4. This study should advance the derivations of neurons, astroglial cells, and brain region-specific organoids from hiPSCs for disease modeling, drug screening, as well as for hiPSC-based therapies. Impact Statement Wnt signaling plays a central role in neural patterning of human pluripotent stem cells. It can interact with Notch signaling in defining dorsal-ventral and rostral-caudal (or anterior-posterior) axis of brain organoids. This study investigates novel Wnt and Notch interactions (i.e., Wntch) in neural patterning of dorsal forebrain spheroids or organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. The synergistic effects of Wnt activator or inhibitor with Notch inhibitor were observed. This study should advance the derivations of neurons, astroglial cells, and brain region-specific organoids from human stem cells for disease modeling and drug screening, as well as for stem cell-based therapies. The results can be used to establish better in vitro culture methods for efficiently mimicking in vivo structure of central nervous system.
Safety and Efficacy of Single Dose Del Nido Cardioplegia Solution in Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation- A Propensity Matched Study

Purpose Del Nido cardioplegia (DN) has recently become more in common use as a "single" dose cardioplegia in adult cardiac surgery. However, it is not well described in left ventricular assist device (LVAD) surgery. The purpose of this study was to summarize our clinical experience with single dose DN solution in LVAD implantation and to assess the safety and efficacy of our DN protocol by comparing with conventional cold whole blood cardioplegia (CWB). Methods A total of 524 consecutive patients underwent LVAD implantation between July 2008 and August 2019. Among them, 137 patients who required aortic cross-clamp for concomitant cardiac procedures were included in this study. The DN protocol was to administer the initial dose as a single dose. CWB was given every 20 minutes. Propensity matching identified 40 matched pairs for analysis. Results Cross-clamp time was significantly shorter in the DN group compared with the CWB group (58± 20 min vs. 70± 33 min, p=0.0497). The retrograde cardioplegia technique was used in 6 (15.0%) patients in the DN group and 36 (90.0%) patients in the CWB group (p 14 days) (DN: 3/40, 7.5% vs. CWB: 3/40, 7.5%, p=1), requiring postoperative right VAD (DN: 2/40, 5.0% vs. CWB: 2/40, 5.0%, p=1), and requiring blood transfusion (Table). Freedom from re-admission at 1 year was similar between two groups (DN: 69.6±7.7% vs. CWB: 74.3±7.5%, Log-Rank p=0.5522). Conclusion Mid-term clinical outcomes in the patients undergoing LVAD implantation with the DN protocol was acceptable. This study showed the DN protocol was associated with shortened cross-clamp time and less frequent usage of the retrograde cannula technique.
Chapter Six - Poisson–Boltzmann Implicit Solvation Models

Abstract Electrostatics plays a crucial role in determining the structures and functions of biomolecules. Implicit solvent models based on the Poisson–Boltzmann (PB) theory have enjoyed numerous successes in a variety of biological applications associated with electrostatics, especially in efficient calculations of solvation free energy and binding free energy. Efforts in adopting numerical PB methods for the more demanding dynamic simulations are also actively underway as more accurate numerical solvers and more powerful computers become available. Successful applications of these models certainly require a carefully parameterized force field that may still fail in challenging applications. There are also intrinsic limitations with implicit solvent models, which can also be resolved by explicit or semi-explicit representation of solvent molecules.
Profiles in Science for Science Librarians: A. Thomas McLellan

Dr. A. Thomas McLellan is a distinguished clinical researcher noted for his achievements and impact in the field of addiction studies. He worked to bring reforms to drug and alcohol addiction treat...
Embracing Nepantla: Rethinking "Knowledge" and its Use in Mathematics Teaching

Although educational researchers are moving beyond purely psychological and cognitive models of learning to consider the ways in which mathematics teaching might reach a more diverse student population, this work remains in its infancy, and the concept of “knowledge” is rarely questioned. This paper begins with the idea that mathematics education has much to gain from perspectives in Latin@ studies. I draw on the work of Gloria Anzaldua, specifically her concepts of “conocimiento” and “Nepantla” to bring a more holistic/connected perspective to the “knowledge” teachers may need for teaching and highlight how it might align with broader definitions of mathematics. I also offer examples from a partnership with a Chicago high school to show how pre-service teachers move through cycles of knowledge construction. Implications for teacher education, and teacher recruitment are discussed.
What Does it Mean to be a Military Veteran? Issues of Veterans in Non-Military Organizations

Military veterans have not been studied widely in the context of non- military organizations, although academic interest in veterans’ topics has increased in the last decade. Relatively little is k...
Prescription Drug Misuse among African Americans and Afro Caribbeans: Results from the National Survey of American Life.

The misuse of prescription medications is an understudied topic among the non-Hispanic Black population in the U.S. Even less is known about the prevalence and correlates of misuse among African Am...
Mobile robot battery life estimation: battery energy use of an unmanned ground vehicle

Engineers find it of importance to have a quantitative understanding of the charge-depletion characteristics of the battery-bank that powers a mobile unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) so as to have mission-duration, cost-of-transport, range, and other useful estimates. Data analysis to determine the energy use of a ‘large’ wheeled robot – the Clearpath™ Warthog – with Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) 590 Kg. -- are here discussed. The analysis is based on gravel-surface, straight-path level trials. The results of this analysis inform how far the UGV can travel over the specified surface. We give basic methods for obtaining expected energy usage: tables with estimates for cost of transport and for mission range. Included in the analysis is a nonparametric method for identifying and dealing with the small number of ‘outlier,’ readings that often occur in field trials.
Archival science, digital forensics, and new media art

Digital archivists and traditional digital forensics practitioners have significant points of convergence as well as notable differences between their work. This paper provides an overview of how digital archivists use digital forensics tools and techniques to approach their work, comparing and contrasting archival with traditional computer forensics. Archives encounter a wide range of digital materials. This paper details a specific example within archival forensics-the analysis of complex, interactive, new media digital artworks. From this, the paper concludes with considerations for future directions and recommendations to the traditional forensics community to support the needs of cultural heritage institutions.
Robust Stability of Interval Plants: A Review

In this paper we present a complete set of results concerning the robust stability analysis of single input single output Interval Plants in continuous time. Robust stability is considered under bounded real perturbations, non linear, sector-bounded perturbations, and unstructured (H ? ) feedback perturbations. In each case, a solution to the problem is given based on the generalization of Kharitonov's theorem obtained in [1] and called the Box Theorem. The Box Theorem gives necessary and sufficient conditions for stabilization of an interval plant. This theorem introduced the so-called Kharitonov Segments associated with an interval plant, and the paper shows that these segments play a fundamental role in the robust stability analysis of such systems. Next we analyse the absolute stability of a closed loop system containing an interval plant in the forward path. The resulting theorem gives conditions for robust stability under nonlinear perturbations. This theorem is based on a result concerning the strict positive realness of families of interval rational functions. Finally, robust stability under unstructured (H ? type) perturbations is considered and we deduce the necessary and sufficient conditions for robust stabilization in the presence of perturbations of this type. This result is again a generalization of a theorem on the H ? norm of interval rational functions.
Actin dynamics at pointed ends regulates thin filament length in striated muscle

Regulation of actin dynamics at filament ends determines the organization and turnover of actin cytoskeletal structures. In striated muscle, it is believed that tight capping of the fast-growing (barbed) ends by CapZ and of the slow-growing (pointed) ends by tropomodulin (Tmod) stabilizes the uniform lengths of actin (thin) filaments in myofibrils. Here we demonstrate for the first time that both CapZ and Tmod are dynamic on the basis of the rapid incorporation of microinjected rhodamine-labelled actin (rho-actin) at both barbed and pointed ends and from the photobleaching of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labelled Tmod. Unexpectedly, the inhibition of actin dynamics at pointed ends by GFP-Tmod overexpression results in shorter thin filaments, whereas the inhibition of actin dynamics at barbed ends by cytochalasin D has no effect on length. These data demonstrate that the actin filaments in myofibrils are relatively dynamic despite the presence of capping proteins, and that regulated actin assembly at pointed ends determines the length of thin filaments.
Use of mind-body medical therapies.

OBJECT: Research demonstrating connections between the mind and body has increased interest in the potential of mind-body therapies. Our aim was to examine the use of mind-body therapies, using data available from a national survey. DESIGN: Analysis of a large nationally representative dataset that comprehensively evaluated the use of mind-body therapies in the last year. SETTING: United States households. PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS: A total of 2,055 American adults in 1997–1998. INTERVENTIONS: Random national telephone survey. MEASURES AND MAIN RESULTS: We obtained a 60% weighted overall response rate among eligible respondents. We found that 18.9% of adults had used at least 1 mind-body therapy in the last year, with 20.5% of these therapies involving visits to a mind-body professional. Meditation, imagery, and yoga were the most commonly used techniques. Factors independently and positively associated with the use of mind-body therapies in the last year were being 40 to 49 years old (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 2.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.33 to 3.10), being not married (AOR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.34 to 2.36), having an educational level of college or greater (AOR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.57 to 3.09), having used self-prayer for a medical concern (AOR, 2.53; 95% CI, 1.87 to 3.42), and having used another complementary medicine therapy in the last year (AOR, 3.77; 95% CI, 2.74 to 5.20). While used for the full array of medical conditions, they were used infrequently for chronic pain (used by 20% of those with chronic pain) and insomnia (used by 13% of those with insomnia), conditions for which consensus panels have concluded that mind-body therapies are effective. They were also used by less than 20% of those with heart disease, headaches, back or neck pain, and cancer, conditions for which there is strong research support. Mind-body therapies were generally used concomitantly with conventional care: 90% of those using a mind-body therapy in the last year had seen a physician and 80% of mind-body therapies used were discussed with a physician. CONCLUSIONS: Although mind-body therapies were commonly used, much opportunity exists to increase use of mind-body therapies for indications with demonstrated efficacy.
Demography of Illicit Emigration from China: A Sending Country's Perspective

This paper examines the demographic trends of international migration from China, particularly from Fujian Province in the 1980s and 1990s, comparing the characteristics of emigrants with nonemigrants. This research yields two major findings. First, Fujian Province became a leading immigrant-sending province in the mid-1990s. Second, there have also been changes in socioeconomic status (SES) selectivity of emigration from Fujian from 1990 to 1995. In particular, this change in emigration selectivity is characterized by a significant shift from urbanites to rural peasants. The future prospects of emigration from Fujian and China are explored.
Diagnostic Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is an extremely common procedure performed by surgeons for diagnosis and treatment. This chapter focuses on the diagnostic component, which is often performed to investigate symptoms or in the surveillance of disease. Aspects of patient preparation, anatomy, and technique are addressed. Reference is also made to both endoscopic ultrasound and methods of tissue sampling.
Switching characteristics of MgO based self-compliant ReRAM devices

We report the impact of titanium (Ti) and TiOx interfacial layers on switching characteristics of MgO based Resistive Random Access Memory (ReRAM) devices. The devices with Ti/MgO and Ti/TiOx/MgO bi-layer structures demonstrated bipolar resistive switching characteristics with self-compliance behavior and low set/reset voltages. Much lower self-compliance current was observed for Ti/TiOx/MgO devices compared to Ti/MgO devices. The mechanism behind this observation was explained based on oxygen ions and oxygen vacancies transport between TiOx and MgO layers.
Early career academic staff support: evaluating mentoring networks

Which academics benefit from participation in formal mentoring programmes? This study examined the needs and mentoring networks of new academics with evaluative data from a pilot mentoring programme. Themes from these data point towards re-envisioning initiatives for academic staff development. First, an examination of the expansion of mentoring networks of new staff suggests that some need more support than others. Second, new academics have common needs in professional development support, despite disciplinary differences and the beliefs of many administrators. Third, evaluation of new academics’ self-reports show that there are differences in mentoring preferences that influence programme participation. Fourth, participant reports reveal both perceived benefits and some detriments of programme participation. Fifth, a somewhat widespread academic mentoring mindset was identified that may lead to problematic mentoring outcomes depending on demographic characteristics of proteges. Implications for adminis...
Use of magnetic nanoparticles in microwave ablation

The use of a sleeve antenna at 10 GHz for microwave ablation is presented. Results for the specific absorption rate (SAR) for the treatment of a 1 cm tumor placed 20 mm from the surface of the liver are presented. To enhance the ablation process, magnetic nanoparticles are introduced in the tumor. Results for the SAR and the temperature profile in the tumor with the nanoparticles are studied. The extent of the ablation zone with and without the nanoparticles is compared.
Action of Alkaloidal Extract of Banisteriopsis quitensis on Rabbit Ileum

An alkaloidal extract of Banisteriopsis quitensis (Niedenzu) Morton was tested using a rabbit ileum preparation, and inhibition of contractions was noted in untreated strips as well as in those treated with most known stimulants of strip motility. This action was additive with the effect of agents that inhibit strip motility. The activity of the extract was dependent upon intact supplies of calcium in the strip and was diminished by procedures causing depletion of calcium concentration. Loss of calcium from the strip was associated with a pharmacologic response to the extract.
Lesions masquerading as acute stroke.

Rapid and accurate recognition of lesions masquerading as acute stroke is important. Any incorrect or delayed diagnosis of stroke mimics will not only increase the risk of being exposed to unnecessary and possibly dangerous interventional therapies, but will also delay proper treatment. In this article, written from a neuroradiologist's perspective, we classified these lesions masquerading as acute stroke into three groups: lesions that may have “normal imaging,” lesions that are “symptom mimics” but on imaging clearly not a stroke, and lesions that are “symptom and imaging mimics” with imaging findings similar to stroke. We focused the review on neuroimaging findings of the latter two groups ending with a suggestion for a diagnostic approach in the form of an algorithm. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;37:15–34. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.