cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Clinical applications of microRNAs

MicroRNAs represent a class of small RNAs derived from polymerase II controlled transcriptional regions. The primary transcript forms one or several bulging double stranded hairpins which are processed by Drosha and Dicer into hetero-duplexes. The targeting microRNA strand of the duplex is incorporated into the RNA Induced Silencing Complex from where it silences up to hundreds of mRNA transcript by inducing mRNA degradation or blocking protein translation. Apart from involvement in a variety of biological processes, microRNAs were early recognized for their potential in disease diagnostics and therapeutics. Due to their stability, microRNAs could be used as biomarkers. Currently, there are microRNA panels helping physicians determining the origins of cancer in disseminated tumors. The development of microRNA therapeutics has proved more challenging mainly due to delivery issues. However, one drug is already in clinical trials and several more await entering clinical phases. This review summarizes what has been recognized pre-clinically and clinically on diagnostic microRNAs. In addition, it highlights individual microRNA drugs in running platforms driven by four leading microRNA-therapeutic companies.
External compression dressing versus standard dressing after axillary lymphadenectomy.

Background: Closed-catheter drainage after axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) for breast cancer may constitute a significant inconvenience to the recovering patient, and may also serve as portals of entry for bacteria. Any intervention that could reduce the volume and duration of postoperative drainage would be beneficial. The purpose of this study was to determine whether an external compression dressing after ALND would decrease postoperative drainage, afford earlier drain removal, and reduce subsequent seroma formation. Patients and methods: One hundred thirty-five women undergoing definitive surgical treatment for breast cancer were randomized to receive a compression dressing (n = 66) or standard dressing (n = 69). They were also stratified for modified radical mastectomy (MRM; n = 74) or breast conservation therapy (BCT; n = 61). All patients had ALND. The compression dressing consisted of a circumferential chest wrap of two 6-inch Ace bandages, held in place by circumferential Elastoplast bandage, and it was applied by the same nurse. This dressing remained intact until postoperative day 4. Patients in the standard dressing group (control) were fitted with a front-fastening Surgibra only. Drains were removed when the total daily amount was <50 cc. Postoperative drainage volume, total days with drain, and frequency of seroma formation were recorded for each patient. Results: After 4 days, wound drainage in both groups was nearly identical (compression = 490 cc, standard = 517 cc; P = 0.48). Total days with drain were also similar (compression = 6.4 days, standard = 6.1 days; P = 0.69). The compression dressing did not reduce seroma formation. In fact, there was a statistically significant increase in the number of seroma aspirations per patient in the compression group (compression = 2.9, standard = 1.8; P <0.01). The increase in seroma aspirations was more significant in MRM patients (compression = 3.1, standard = 1.7; P <0.01) than in BCT patients (compression = 2.6, standard = 1.8; P = 0.20). Conclusions: External compression dressing fails to decrease postoperative drainage and may increase the incidence of seroma formation after drain removal. Thus, routine use of a compression dressing to reduce postoperative drainage after ALND for breast cancer is not warranted.
Degradation of chlorophenoxyacetic acids by the lignin-degrading fungus Dichomitus squalens.

Summary: We have examined the degradation of 14C ring- and side-chain-labelled 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid by Dichomitus squalens and Phanerochaete chrysosporium. The effects of Mn2+ on the degradation of these radiolabeled substrates by D. squalens and the effect of nitrogen limitation on their degradation by D. chrysosporium suggested that in both fungi, side-chain cleavage was catalysed by a mechanism independent of the lignin degradation system, whereas the degradation of the aromatic ring was dependent on the lignin degradative system. Using unlabelled substrates, a pathway for the degradation of chlorophenoxyacetic acids was elucidated in D. squalens. Time courses for the degradation of unlabelled chlorophenoxyacetic acids by D. squalens demonstrated that the corresponding chlorophenol was the initial product formed. The chlorophenol intermediate was xylosylated to form the chlorophenolxyloside. In turn, the chlorophenolxyloside could be hydrolysed by an intracellular -xylosidase to regenerate the chlorophenol. The chlorophenol product of the xylosidase reaction was oxidatively dechlorinated to form 2-chloro-p-benzoquinone which could undergo subsequent further dechlorination and ring-opening reactions, as has been reported previously for P. chrysosporium.
"Commanded War ": Three Chapters in the "Military " History of Satmar Hasidism

Religion, it has been noted, speaks the language of violence as often as of peace. This article explores the pronounced role of military language and a martial outlook in one particularly intriguing and unlikely branch of Judaism, the Satmar Hasidic movement. Widely known for its posture of theological quietism, Satmar Hasidism, under the leadership of founding rabbi Joel Teitelbaum (1887 –1979), has frequently engaged in combative struggle against its foes, especially Zionism. This article highlights this martial impulse by examining three episodes in which the Teitelbaum family and Satmar Hasidim were engaged in conflict, exemplified by the publication of a series of books under the title “Commanded War. ” Ranging over a century, these episodes reveal the way in which the pervasive language of war emerged out of a sense of the grave perils posed by modernity. They also illustrate how the martial language of Satmar turns over time from a focus on external enemies to a focus on internal rivals. HASIDISM WAS a Jewish pietist movement that took rise in Eastern Europe in the late eighteenth century. It sought to restore a sense of the vibrancy of spiritual experience that had been neglected,
Further studies of ELE oscillations during electron-beam firings on Spacelab 1

Injections from an electron beam that was part of the PICPAB (phenomena induced by charged particle beams) experiment were observed by the SEPAC (space experiments with particle accelerators) plasma diagnostic package. In particular, extremely-low-frequency (ELF) oscillations from 150 to 200 Hz were seen in the SEPAC Langmuir probe current. The strongest oscillations occurred when the ambient pressure was augmented by neutral gas releases from the SEPAC plasma accelerator (the magnetoplasma dynamic arcjet, or MPD). >
Advice about logical AI

Formalized nonmonotonic reasoning emerged in relation to the study of artificial intelligence. The paper discusses some uses of nonmonotonic reasoning that has become a mathematical subject, observations regarding AI, and the problems logical AI encountered before it can reach human level intelligence.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Dynamic Traffic Animations: Case Study in Transportation Engineering Education

Development of learning tools is critical for improving engineering education and teaching difficult engineering concepts. Representations are learning tools that can help students understand conceptual systems by providing insight to a concept, problem, or system through explicit cues. Researchers at the University of Idaho have developed structured activities involving animations that are representations of traffic simulations designed as part of the Mobile Signal Timing Training (MOST) project for teaching traffic signal timing. In this study, the effectiveness of the MOST animations were evaluated through a pre-/postcomparative case study. Overall, the MOST animations were successful in improving student understanding of timing parameters involved in actuated control at signalized intersections. The MOST activities were more effective than comparison methods in facilitating student learning for concepts of minimum green time, maximum green time, and duration of the green indication. Students also showed an improved understanding of the relationship between cycle length and delay and passage time, but not more so than comparison students. Results indicate that animations are effective in improving student understanding of concepts involving dynamic processes or reactions.
Idiopathic Pneumonia Syndrome following Myeloablative Chemotherapy and Autologous Transplantation

OBJECTIVE:To report the outcome as well as the clinical, radiographic, and pathologic features of idiopathic pneumonia syndrome (IPS) following autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (aPBSCT).CLINICAL FINDINGS:A total of 271 patients with a variety of underlying malignancies received busulfan-containing myeloablative chemotherapy prior to aPBSCT; none of these patients received total body irradiation. Ten individuals developed IPS, with a median time of onset of 102 days after stem cell infusion. The major clinical and radiographic findings included an acute or subacute onset of dyspnea, cough, hypoxemia, and bilateral or unilateral infiltrates with or without pleural effusion. Pathologic findings consisted mainly of diffuse interstitial pneumonitis, organizing alveolitis, and cellular atypia. Nine patients diagnosed with IPS were treated with high doses of glucocorticoids parenterally. Despite heroic measures, eight patients died of IPS. The two remaining individuals recovered without expe...
THE SOCIOLOGY OF AGING: IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC POLICY

The nations of the world are aging. In comparison to decades of the past, older cohorts represent a growing share of the world's population. This trend is the result primarily of declining fertility rates and, secondarily, of increasing longevity. Even those countries that have only recently experienced significant fertility declines are beginning to deal with the effects of an older population, effects that will become more pronounced early in the 21st century. Indeed, although a larger share of the developed world's population is beyond the age of 55 (22% as opposed to 10% in developing nations), more than half of the world's older population lives in developing countries (U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1992).
APPENDIX B: RESOURCES FOR PHYSICIANS: Web Sites, Books, and Organizations

There is a wealth of information on breastfeeding available for parents and professionals-much of it at no cost. Unfortunately, the most widely available literature is produced and distributed free of charge by artificial milk companies. These brochures and videotapes, produced with millions of dollars for focus groups and marketing expertise, are designed to subtly sabotage breastfeeding, all the while claiming to support it. Physicians are urged not to use any breastfeeding-education materials unless they have been thoroughly reviewed using general impressions and an objective scoring system.' Inclusion in this listing does not constitute endorsement by the writer or the publisher, nor is any statement implied regarding resources not listed.
Results of acute arthroscopically repaired triangular fibrocartilage complex injuries associated with intra-articular distal radius fractures.

Abstract Purpose: This study reviews the results of acute repair of peripheral ulnar-sided triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) detachment associated with intra-articular distal radius fractures. Type of Study: Two-year follow-up of patients who had undergone acute TFCC repair. Methods: Fifty-six patients underwent arthroscopically assisted treatment of intra-articular distal radius fractures using external fixation and adjunctive percutaneous pinning between 1994 and 1998. Thirteen patients with an acute, complete tear of the ulnar attachment of the TFCC were treated using arthroscopic repair of the TFCC in addition to stabilization of the radius fracture. All patients were evaluated at a mean of 24 months (range, 17 to 35 months) with a physical examination, wrist radiographs, and a Disability of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) module outcome assessment questionnaire. Results: Average wrist flexion, extension, pronation, and supination were 67.3, 61.8, 79.1, and 86.8, respectively. The average grip strength was 78% of the uninjured side. The results of the Gartland and Werley grading system were good to excellent in 12 patients and fair in 1 patient. The DASH outcome scores revealed a mean functional score of 13 and a mean athletic score of 12. None of the patients reported ulnar-sided pain at follow-up. Conclusions: Arthroscopically assisted TFCC repair in conjunction with distal radius fixation resulted in a high degree of patient satisfaction and good to excellent clinical outcomes. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery, Vol 19, No 5 (May-June), 2003: pp 511–516
Prediction of the sequence of optokinetic nystagmus eye movements reveals deterministic structure in reflexive oculomotor behavior

Optokinetic nystagnus (OKN) is a reflexive eye movement with a characteristic pattern of alternating fast and slow phases (resembling a noisy sawtooth), but with significant variation in the timing and amplitude of its components. The authors attempt to predict the sequence of OKN fast and slow phases by embedding them in state spare and forming local approximations to the resulting trajectories. There is significant predictability only in the sequence of fast phase starting and ending positions. This is presumably related to the desire of the oculomotor system to aim the eyes at a location in space where something important might be expected to appear, leading to a partially deterministic rule for generating the end points of the fast phases.
Reduction of Additive Colored Noise Using Coupled Dynamics

We study the effect of additive colored noise on the evolution of maps and demonstrate that the deviations caused by such noise can be reduced using coupled dynamics. We consider both Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process as well as 1/fα noise in our numerical simulations. We observe that though the variance of deviations caused by noise depends on the correlations in the noise, under optimal coupling strength, it decreases by a factor equal to the number of coupled elements in the array as compared to the variance of deviations in a single isolated map. This reduction in noise levels occurs in chaotic as well as periodic regime of the maps. Lastly, we examine the effect of colored noise in chaos computing and find that coupling the chaos computing elements enhances the robustness of chaos computing.
The effects of prefeeding in plain and chained fixed ratio schedules of reinforcement

The effects of prefeeding were studied using pigeons reinforced on either plain fixed ratio (FR) 64 or chained FR 32, FR 32 schedules of reinforcement. It was found that (1) the response rate increased as a function of the number of responses completed in the ratio, (2) the rate was higher for the chained FR group, (3) the rates decreased as a function of the amount prefed, (4) the latency of the first response in the ratio increased as a function of the amount prefed, (5) the prefeeding had a much greater effect on the rate in the first part than in the later part of the fixed ratio sequence, and (6) the prefeeding had a much greater effect on the response latency than on the response rate. It was concluded that the multiplicative rule of the effect of feeding schedules is inapplicable to behavior changes resulting from different segments of a single schedule of reinforcement.
Research on thermal runaway test platform design for energy-storage lithium-ion batteries

Firstly, we introduced the purpose and meaning of thermal runaway research on energy-storage lithium-ion batteries(ESLIB) in this paper. After discussing the variations on thermal runaway test(TRT) research for power and energy-storage lithium-ion batteries, this paper concludes the triggering conditions and relevant thresholds of TRT for ESLIB from both theory and experiments. Hence, this work presents a design program on a TRT platform which could analyze ESLIB with relevant threshold under simulated triggering conditions and verified the function. At last, this paper gives out the conclusions and looks forward to the future on TRT platform applications.
The Affections for the Yelang Kingdom in Ancient Yi Literatures

In the past half a century,the archaeological explorations have seen much progress in a large area.This paper attempts to explore the Yelang civilization by means of the ancient Yi literatures,which is a kaleidoscope of the development and change of the Southwest China peoples.
Cheating on Political Knowledge Questions in Online Surveys An Assessment of the Problem and Solutions

Survey researchers worry about the quality of data produced by online surveys. One concern is that respondents might cheat on performance questions, such as political knowledge, invalidating their responses. Yet, existing evidence is unclear about the prevalence of cheating, and scholars lack a validated method for coping with the problem. In this paper, we demonstrate that such cheating behavior varies considerably by sample and provide some evidence that it is motivated by self-deceptive enhancement. We experimentally test a variety of methods for reducing cheating and find that common methods, such as timers, are not the most effective approach. By contrast, a commitment mechanism, in which respondents affirm their choice not to cheat, is more efficacious. Although cheating in online surveys can distort estimates of knowledge and decrease the validity of the measure, there are methods for coping with this problem.
Magnetic resonance spectroscopic analysis of neurometabolite changes in the developing rat brain at 7T.

Abstract We utilized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to evaluate the metabolic profile of the hippocampus and anterior cingulate cortex of the developing rat brain from postnatal days 14–70. Measured metabolite concentrations were modeled using linear, exponential, or logarithmic functions and the time point at which the data reached plateau (i.e. when the portion of the data could be fit to horizontal line) was estimated and was interpreted as the time when the brain has reached maturity with respect to that metabolite. N-acetyl-aspartate and myo-inositol increased within the observed period. Gluthathione did not vary significantly, while taurine decreased initially and then stabilized. Phosphocreatine and total creatine had a tendency to increase towards the end of the experiment. Some differences between our data and the published literature were observed in the concentrations and dynamics of phosphocreatine, myo-inositol, and GABA in the hippocampus and creatine, GABA, glutamine, choline and N-acetyl-aspartate in the cortex. Such differences may be attributed to experimental conditions, analysis approaches and animal species. The latter is supported by differences between in-house rat colony and rats from Charles River Labs. Spectroscopy provides a valuable tool for non-invasive brain neurochemical profiling for use in developmental neurobiology research. Special attention needs to be paid to important sources of variation like animal strain and commercial source.
Rare species and aliens: reconsidering non‐native plants in the management of natural areas

Natural areas are often managed for the protection of native species and ecosystems. The presence of non-native species is generally perceived to run counter to these objectives; thus, they are often controlled or tolerated but rarely deliberately favored. We suggest greater emphasis be placed on the role species play in ecological settings regardless of their origin, recognizing that only some non-native plants are invasive, that the risk of causing ecological harm varies considerably, and that distributions will change as species migrate in response to climate change. We sense a disparity between the way this topic—conservation value of non-native species—is addressed in the literature and how it is applied in management of natural areas. To encourage more discussion and consideration of appropriate roles for non-natives in natural areas management, we present five case studies illustrating their value in the conservation of rare and endangered species, including Taylor's checkerspot and island marble butterflies, southwestern willow flycatcher, and the giant kangaroo rat. Our last case study describes a proposed conservation action for the rare Brewer spruce—that of assisted colonization, itself the creation of a non-native for conservation purposes. Although we support continued avoidance of introducing invasives and a cautious treatment of non-natives, we encourage those with responsibility for natural areas management to not only evaluate the threats posed by non-natives, but to also consider their potential benefits in relation to management objectives.
Safety and Efficacy of Acute Clopidogrel Load in Patients with Moderate and Severe Ischemic Strokes.

Objective. To study the safety and efficacy of a clopidogrel loading dose in patients with moderate and severe acute ischemic strokes. Background. The safety of clopidogrel loading has been extensively investigated in patients with minor strokes and transient ischemic attacks. Methods. Acute ischemic stroke patients presenting consecutively to our center from 07/01/08 to 07/31/13 were screened. Clopidogrel loading was defined as at least 300 mg dose (with or without aspirin) given within 6 hours of admission. We compared outcomes in patients with baseline NIHSS > 3 with and without clopidogrel loading. Results. Inclusion criteria were met for 1011 patients (43.6% females, 69.1% black, median age 63). Patients with clopidogrel loading had lower baseline NIHSS than patients who were not loaded (8 versus 9, ). The two groups had similar risk for hemorrhagic transformation ( ) and symptomatic hemorrhage ( ). Patients who were loaded had a lower rate of neurological worsening (38.9% versus 48.3%, ) and less in-hospital mortality (4.3% versus 13.4%, ) compared to those who were not loaded. The likelihood of having a poor functional outcome did not differ between the two groups after adjusting for NIHSS on admission (OR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.4633–1.0906, ). Conclusion. Clopidogrel loading dose was not associated with increased risk for hemorrhagic transformation or symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage in our retrospective study and was associated with reduced rates of neuroworsening following moderate and severe stroke.
Bimetallic overlayer catalysts with high selectivity and reactivity for furfural hydrogenation

Abstract Silica-supported platinum overlayer on nickel (Ni@Pt) or copper (Cu@Pt) catalysts were synthesized and tested for furfural hydrogenation. H 2 chemisorption and an ethylene hydrogenation descriptor showed weakened H 2 binding strength of both overlayer catalysts compared to pure Pt, consistent with literature predictions. Cu@Pt showed higher turnover frequencies of furfural hydrogenation compared to pure Pt and pure Cu. This improved reactivity is likely due to fewer Pt sites being blocked by strong hydrogen adsorption as a result of decreased H 2 binding strength of Pt overlayer compared to pure Pt.
Influence of resistant varieties on the speed of propagation of simple epidemics in crops

Abstract We determine the speeds of traveling wave fronts for simple epidemics in crops that contain a mixture of resistant and non-resistant hosts. For our model the wave speeds are found to be proportional to the fraction of resistant individuals. The conclusions are reached through the application of the linear conjecture, and verified by comparing the results with numerical solutions of the non-linear model.
Insect Cuticular Surface Modifications: Scales and Other Structural Formations

Abstract The arthropod integument is noted for its surface outgrowths, especially the microchaetes (hairs) and macrochaetes (bristles and scales). These start as hollow projections templated on cellular microvilli or on filopodia (microchaetes), or on larger projections from their parent epidermal cells (macrochaetes). Ultrastructurally, finished microchaetes are relatively simple, but macrochaetes are typically highly ornamented, some so much so that their surface architecture can produce structural colours. Similarly, macrochaete interiors may be filled with lattices or laminae that may also produce structural colours. Many of the patterns appear to be variations on relatively few themes, and control of this pattern formation by the epidermal cell appears to reside in particular with two cellular systems, the actin cytoskeleton and the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. This suggests that focused study of these two systems may yield real insight into pattern formation in general, especially in the arthropods and in other armoured organisms.
Radar scattering of ocean surfaces at L band based on numerical solutions of maxwell equations in three-dimensions (NMM3D)

We applied the Numerical Maxwell Model in 3 Dimensions (NMM3D) to radar scattering from ocean surfaces at L band. The formulation is based on the PMCHWT surface integral equation which uses separate Green's functions for air and ocean permittivities. The Sparse Matrix Canonical Grid (SMCG) is used to compute Method of Moments (MoM) solutions in conjunction with Rao-Wilton-Glisson (RWG) basis functions with the surface electric field and surface magnetic field as the unknowns. Surface sizes used are up to 64 wavelengths by 64 wavelengths. Isotropic sea surfaces simulated using the Durden-Vesecky spectrum are studied for wind speeds ranging from 5 m/s to 10 m/s and incidence angles varying from 29° to 46°. Backscattering from NMM3D and composite two-scale model computations are compared with Aquarius satellite scatterometer estimates. Unlike the two-scale model, NMM3D does not impose separation between large scale roughness and small scale roughness elements. Results show that, in spite of using just the isotropic DV spectrum, NMM3D are in measurably better agreement with data than the composite surface model for co-polarized returns as well as the polarization ratio.
Contributions to Depressed Affect in Latina Women: Examining the Effectiveness of the Moms' Empowerment Program.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant social and public health problem that includes physical violence, sexual violence, threats of physical or sexual violence, stalking, and psychological aggression by an intimate partner. Estimates suggest that 35% of Latinas living in the United States experience IPV in their lifetime, with known severe negative outcomes. One mental health consequence of concern is depression, which disproportionately affects IPV-exposed Latinas. The present study tested the effectiveness of the Moms’ Empowerment Program (MEP), a culturally adapted intervention to reduce depressive symptoms among IPV-exposed Spanish-speaking Latina mothers. Additional psychosocial predictors of levels of depressed affect over time are examined, including levels of post-traumatic stress, IPV exposure, positive parenting, parental acceptance of children’s negative emotions, and maternal employment. Participants (N = 72) were assigned to a treatment or a wait-list comparison condition, and thos...
High‐Frequency Thermal‐Fluidic Characterization of Dynamic Microchannel Flow Boiling Instabilities: Part 1 ‐ Rapid‐Bubble‐Growth Instability at the Onset of Boiling

Abstract Dynamic flow boiling instabilities are studied experimentally in a single, 500 µm-diameter glass microchannel subjected to a uniform heat flux. Fluid flow is driven through the microchannel in an open-loop test facility by maintaining a constant pressure difference between a pressurized upstream reservoir and a reservoir at the exit that is open to the ambient; the working fluid is HFE-7100. This hydrodynamic boundary condition resembles that of an individual channel in a parallel-channel heat sink where the channel mass flux can vary in time. Simultaneous high-frequency measurement of reservoir, inlet, and outlet pressures, pressure drop, mass flux, inlet and outlet fluid temperatures, and wall temperature is synchronized to high-speed flow visualizations enabling transient characterization of the thermal-fluidic behavior. Part 1 of this study investigates the rapid-bubble-growth instability at the onset of boiling; the effect of flow inertia and inlet liquid subcooling is assessed. The mechanisms underlying the rapid-bubble-growth instability, namely, a large liquid superheat and a large pressure spike, are quantified; this instability is shown to cause flow reversal and can result in large temperature spikes. Low flow inertia exacerbates the rapid-bubble-growth instability by starving the heated channel of liquid replenishment for longer durations and results in severe temperature increases. In the case of high flow inertia or high inlet liquid subcooling, flow reversal is still observed at the onset of boiling, but results in a minimal wall temperature rise because liquid quickly replenishes the heated channel. A companion paper (Part 2) investigates the effect of flow inertia, inlet liquid subcooling, as well as heat flux on the thermal-fluidic oscillations during time-periodic flow boiling that follows the initial incipience at the onset of boiling considered here.
Predictors of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Follow-Through Among Privately Insured US Patients.

Objectives. To assess predictors of timely human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine follow-through among privately insured individuals initiating the 3-dose series.Methods. Using MarketScan Commercial claims data, we identified 1 332 217 privately insured US individuals aged 9 to 26 years who initiated the bivalent or quadrivalent HPV vaccine series from 2006 to 2014, with follow-up data extending through 2015. The study outcome was receipt of third HPV dose within 12 months of the first, compared by year of initiation. Control variables were age, region, insurance plan type, provider type, and seasonal influenza vaccination.Results. Timely HPV vaccine follow-through fell over time. The trend was especially pronounced for females (from 67% in 2006 to 38% in 2014), but was also present for males (from 36% in 2011 to 33% in 2014). Similar patterns were present when we controlled for patient and provider characteristics or used alternative definitions of follow-through. Other positive predictors of timely follow-t...
ISNN: Impact Sound Neural Network for Audio-Visual Object Classification

3D object geometry reconstruction remains a challenge when working with transparent, occluded, or highly reflective surfaces. While recent methods classify shape features using raw audio, we present a multimodal neural network optimized for estimating an object’s geometry and material. Our networks use spectrograms of recorded and synthesized object impact sounds and voxelized shape estimates to extend the capabilities of vision-based reconstruction. We evaluate our method on multiple datasets of both recorded and synthesized sounds. We further present an interactive application for real-time scene reconstruction in which a user can strike objects, producing sound that can instantly classify and segment the struck object, even if the object is transparent or visually occluded.
Mental health functioning and severity of cannabis withdrawal among medical cannabis users with chronic pain.

Abstract Purpose:To describe patterns of cannabis withdrawal among a large sample of those who use medical cannabis and test the association between withdrawal symptomology and functioning. Procedures:Adults ages 21 and older (N = 801) who were seeking medical cannabis certification (either for the first time or as a renewal) for chronic pain at medical cannabis clinics in southern Michigan completed baseline measures of cannabis use, withdrawal symptomology, functioning and other related constructs. Patients were included in the current study if they endorsed using cannabis at least weekly over the past three months. Of the persons in the baseline sample (N = 801), 83% endorsed using cannabis at this level of frequency and duration (N = 665). Findings:Approximately two-thirds of the sample (67.8%) reported at least one moderate or severe withdrawal symptom. The most commonly observed symptom was sleep difficulties (50.3%), followed by anxiety (27.8%), irritability (26.7%), and appetite disturbance (25.2%). Patients with low mental functioning had significantly higher rates of withdrawal symptom endorsement than patients with high mental functioning. However, no association was observed between physical functioning and withdrawal symptom endorsement. These patterns of association were consistent in multivariate analyses that controlled for other potentially confounding variables. Conclusions:Cannabis withdrawal symptomology is highly prevalent among patients who use medical cannabis at least three times a week. Helping patients recognize the association between poorer functioning and withdrawal may be an effective way to highlight potentially negative consequences of regular and moderate heavy use.
500.08 Adverse Events and Modes of Failure Associated with the Filterwire EZ Embolic Protection System; The Utility of the FDA MAUDE Database

Embolic protection devices (EPDs) prevent distal embolization of atherothrombotic material during percutaneous interventions resulting in reduced microvascular obstruction, improved microcirculation, and tissue perfusion. The FilterWire EZ Embolic Protection System (Boston Scientific, Natick, MA) is
On Philosophy in American Law: Psychoanalysis as the Jurisprudence of Freedom

What is the future of legal philosophy? No doubt it has many. But we are betting that jurisprudence will gravitate towards freedom. Freedom, the attribute of the human subject, has largely been absent from legal philosophy. This is a lack that psychoanalytic jurisprudence aims to correct. In this essay, drafted as chapter in "On Philosophy in American Law" (Francis Jay Mootz III, ed.) to be published by the Cambridge University Press, we set forth what we think are the primary differences between a jurisprudence based in the Continental tradition of speculative philosophy, and the liberal jurisprudences that dominate in the American academy. Most importantly, all liberal theories start with some intuition of the free, autonomous individual. In contrast, psychoanalysis views the subject's definition as the problem of philosophy. For psychoanalysis, as reformulated by Jacques Lacan, personality and freedom cannot exist in any empirical or hypothetical state of nature because nature is unfree - bound by iron-clad laws of cause and effect. Personality and freedom are artificial creations - hard-won achievements. Subjectivity - the capacity to bear duties and rights - is a stage in this struggle.
Choice of Corticosteroid Solution and Outcome After Injection for Trigger Finger.

Background: Many techniques for injection of trigger fingers exist. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the type of steroid or technique used for trigger finger injection altered cli...
Low Impact Development and Rainwater Harvesting

Under predevelopment conditions, much of rainwater stayed in the area where it fell, either recharging the underlying shallow aquifer or slowly returning to the atmosphere via evapotranspiration. Land development activities increase the imperviousness of land surfaces, decreasing infiltration and increasing runoff. Traditional stormwater management seeks to collect and remove runoff from sites as quickly as possible with associated downstream impacts of water quality deterioration, erosion, and flooding. Low impact development and green infrastructure methods are intended to mimic predevelopment site hydrology by storing, infiltrating, evaporating, and detaining runoff as close as possible to its source. Rainwater harvesting includes methods that slow the flow of water and increase local infiltration. Low impact development and rainwater harvesting serve to improve water quality through natural contaminant attenuation processes and provide increased, decentralized groundwater recharge. The performance of low impact development and rainwater harvesting systems depends on local hydrogeology and opportunities exists for improved performance such as by the use of soil amendments.
Clavicle fixation screw impingement causing subclavian artery pseudoaneurysm

Abstract Vascular injuries are an extremely rare complication of clavicle osteosynthesis, though several cases are reported in the literature. Cadaver studies have established recommended safe lengths for clavicle screws based on precise measurements of bone thickness and distance from subjacent neurovascular structures. We present the case of a 27-year-old female who underwent orthopedic plate and screw fixation of a clavicle fracture and subsequently sustained iatrogenic vascular injury from one of the screws. This necessitated endovascular repair and orthopedic revision. This case underscores the importance of selecting appropriate screws based on available imaging.
Valbenazine and deutetrabenazine: Vesicular monoamine transporter 2 inhibitors for tardive dyskinesia

Purpose The purpose of this review is to summarize the current evidence for valbenazine and deutetrabenazine use for the treatment of tardive dyskinesia (TD). Summary A literature search was conducted to gather relevant data regarding the use of valbenazine and deutetrabenazine for TD management. PubMed, MEDLINE, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched using the following keywords and MeSH terms: valbenazine, deutetrabenazine, tardive dyskinesia, VMAT2 inhibitors, and vesicular monoamine transporter 2 inhibitors. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials and meta-analyses published in English from April 2015 to August 2019 were included. Valbenazine 40-80 mg and deutetrabenazine 12-36 mg per day have been evaluated for the treatment of TD. Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) scores decline similarly (by 2-5 points) with use of either agent. AIMS response rates, defined by a 50% decline in symptoms, range from 33% to 50%. Both agents are well tolerated, with somnolence and akathisia reported most frequently (at low rates). Agent selection may be guided by manufacturer labeling recommendations for special populations and cost considerations. Conclusions Valbenazine and deutetrabenazine were demonstrated to be effective in decreasing AIMS scores and were well tolerated in randomized controlled trials. These treatments may be considered as a next-line option when traditional strategies are not feasible or are ineffective. Head-to-head studies are warranted to decipher if either agent is preferable in terms of efficacy or tolerability.
Nonuniform Charge Collection in SiO x -Based Passivated-Contact Silicon Solar Cells

In this contribution, we report on the charge-collection characteristics of silicon photovoltaic devices using passivated contacts based on the c-Si/SiO x /poly-Si structure. Using electron-beam induced current (EBIC) imaging in plan-view and cross-section orientations, we find that charge collection in a device with a 1.5-nm-thick SiO x layer is fairly uniform in the p-n junction region and does not appear to be influenced by pyramidal surface texture. In contrast, a device with a 2.2-nm-thick oxide layer shows significant spatial variation in the charge-collection signal. The apexes of the pyramids exhibit reduced EBIC signal whereas the valleys between adjacent pyramids show the strongest collection. Our results indicate that charge collection in c-Si/SiO x /poly-Si structures can be influenced by both the properties of the SiO x layer and surface texture.
Founder-CEOs: Succession planning for the success, growth, and legacy of family firms

The academic research of family-owned small and medium enterprises (SMEs) has undergone significant growth over the past several decades. Many researchers hold that the succession of founder-CEOs r...
Comparative Media Studies in the Digital Age| The Everything-ness and the More-ness of the Internet: How Digital Is Different From Other Media

Digital media are qualitatively and quantitatively different from the analog media that preceded it. There is an “everything-ness” to media that arises when information is digitized. Digital media is pervasive, portable, persistent, and visible; personal and customizable; participatory, replicable, spreadable and scalable; and searchable. This changes three major dynamics of media and communication spaces where there are invisible audiences, collapsed contexts, and blurred boundaries between what used to be private and what used to be public. These properties of digital media create a “more-ness” to their role in people’s lives. People see both good and bad impacts of digital media in their own lives and in the way digital media affect their societies. Public opinion sampling in 11 emerging economies shows how this more-ness is evident in tensions that people feel about their new media environment, especially when it comes to mobile digital connectivity.
Distributional convergence for the number of symbol comparisons used by QuickSelect

Most previous studies of the sorting algorithm QuickSort have used the number of key comparisons as a measure of the cost of executing the algorithm. Here we suppose that the n independent and identically distributed (iid) keys are each represented as a sequence of symbols from a probabilistic source and that QuickSort operates on individual symbols, and we measure the execution cost as the number of symbol comparisons. Assuming only a mild “tameness” condition on the source, we show that there is a limiting distribution for the number of symbol comparisons after normalization: first centering by the mean and then dividing by n. Additionally, under a condition that grows more restrictive as p increases, we have convergence of moments of orders p and smaller. In particular, we have convergence in distribution and convergence of moments of every order whenever the source is memoryless, i.e., whenever each key is generated as an infinite string of iid symbols. This is somewhat surprising: Even for the classical model that each key is an iid string of unbiased (“fair”) bits, the mean exhibits periodic fluctuations of order n.
Pyramidal Cells in Olfactory Cortex

The neocortex and olfactory cortices share many features including their laminar organization, developmental sequences, and cell types. Previous work indicates that neocortical pyramidal cells exhibit a gradient of dendritic size: cells involved in the initial processing of information are less complex than those in subsequent, higher processing areas. Results presented here confirm that the same is true for the olfactory cortex: pyramidal cells in the region closest to the olfactory bulb, the anterior olfactory nucleus, have smaller total dendritic length and occupy less neural space than those in the posterior piriform cortex. These findings add to the evidence for general rules of development, organization, and function across forebrain cortices.
Putin as Celebrity and Cultural Icon

Introduction 1. Russia's Ultimate Celebrity: VVP as VIP Objet d'art Helena Goscilo 2. A Personality Cult for the Postmodern Age: Reading Vladimir Putin's Public Persona Julie A. Cassiday and Emily D. Johnson 3. Putin as the Father of the Nation: His Family and Other Animals Tatiana Mikhailova 4. Putin's Language Michael Gorham 5. The Discourse of a Spectacle at the End of the Presidential Term Lara Ryazanova-Clarke 6. Putin in Russian Fiction Andrei Rogatchevski 7. Post-Soviet Self-Fashioning and the Politics of Representation Brian James Baer 8. Putin's Performance of Masculinity: the Action Hero and Macho Sex-Object Helena Goscilo
Long-term effects of mental disorders on educational attainment in the National Comorbidity Survey ten-year follow-up

Purpose The study sought to examine the association of mental disorders with educational attainment in a community sample.
The Effect of Pregnancy on Survival in Women with a History of Breast Cancer

Nearly 25% of individuals diagnosed with breast cancer will be pre-menopausal women. As maternal age of first birth has risen in the United States, more females are being treated for breast cancer prior to child-bearing. Although surgery and radiation therapy appear to have no impact on future fertility, young women should be aware of the impact that systemic chemotherapy may have on ovarian function, as well as on future offspring. As regards survival, despite a link between female sex hormones and mammary carcinogenesis, the fear that pregnancy subsequent to breast cancer treatment would result in activation of dormant micrometastases has not been demonstrated in the literature. Published series have, in fact, shown either no impact on survival or a slightly protective effect when women deliver after breast cancer treatment. Although these studies are retrospective in nature and may be prone to selection bias and under-reporting of the true denominator, they can at a minimum be used to reassure women that a subsequent pregnancy is unlikely to have a negative impact on her survival.
A static scheduler for the computer aided prototyping system

Computer-aided prototyping assists the software designer during the design and specification stages for hard real-time or embedded systems. Automated prototyping of these systems benefits from an execution support system (ESS) which validates software design before development of production software. Pioneering efforts to implement the static schedule are described, using worst-case timing information, i.e. guaranteeing that all critical timing constraints are met at run time. The tools and algorithms required, at a minimum, to implement the static scheduler and to integrate it within the ESS, are outlined. >
Post-translational regulation of COX2 activity by FYN in prostate cancer cells

// Anna Alexanian 1 , Bradley Miller 1 , Marla Chesnik 2 , Shama Mirza 2 and Andrey Sorokin 1 1 Division of Nephrology and Kidney Disease Center, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA, 2 Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA Correspondence: Andrey Sorokin, email: // Keywords : COX2 regulation/DU145 cells/prostaglandins/phosphorylation/prostate cancer/Src family kinases Received : March 7, 2014 Accepted : May 16, 2014 Published : May 18, 2014 Abstract While increased COX2 expression and prostaglandin levels are elevated in human cancers, the mechanisms of COX2 regulation at the post-translational level are unknown. Initial observation that COX2 forms adduct with non-receptor tyrosine kinase FYN, prompted us to study FYN-mediated post-translational regulation of COX2. We found that FYN increased COX2 activity in prostate cancer cells DU145, independent of changes in COX2 or COX1 protein expression levels. We report that FYN phosphorylates human COX2 on Tyr 446, and while corresponding phospho-mimetic COX2 mutation promotes COX2 activity, the phosphorylation blocking mutation prevents FYN-mediated increase in COX2 activity.