cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Improved anti-corrosion performance of epoxy zinc rich coating on rusted steel surface with aluminum triphosphate as rust converter

Abstract Epoxy resin based zinc rich coating was thoroughly investigated with aluminum triphosphate as rust converter. About 10.39 MPa of adhesion strength was achieved on rusted steel surface without any complex surface pre-treatment even with 86 wt% of zinc content in dry film, which has resolved previous contradiction between adhesion strength and high zinc content. Only slight amounts of white rust was observed on coating surface after being exposed to neutral salt spray test for 500 h. Protective mechanism suggested that aluminum triphosphate could improve the barrier resistance of coating by converting surface rust into passive film, while high zinc content ensured its excellent cathodic protection.
Guilt’s Plasticity

This chapter examines three cases of environmental communication to illuminate key rhetorical challenges for assigning, experiencing, and representing guilt for ongoing environmental devastation. I argue that analysis of a particular species of guilt—collective guilt—is essential for understanding the communication of complex environmental issues like plastics pollution. Collective guilt exhibits protean characteristics, which poses challenges for advocacy rhetorics aiming to mobilize collective action. I highlight the critical dividing line between guilt (culpability for an offense) and shame (evaluation of intrinsic inadequacy), as the affective dynamics of each are apt to motivate decidedly different behaviors.
Editorial: Anxiety in Pediatric Chronic Illness: The Elephant in the Exam Room.

Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent psychiatric conditions in childhood, with a rate that increases approximately twofold in youths with a chronic illness.1 Anxiety in youths with a chronic illness is associated with greater functional impairment than would be expected by either the anxiety disorder or the medical illness alone.2 Left untreated, the significant functional impairment associated with anxiety in childhood can persist into adulthood and may compromise medical outcomes across the life span.3 Cobham et al.4 conducted a systematic review to evaluate the prevalence of anxiety and the association of anxiety with medical outcomes in studies of children with select chronic medical conditions. The authors reviewed 53 studies meeting inclusion criteria. Clear evidence was found for an increased prevalence of anxiety in children and youths with asthma, type 1 diabetes, epilepsy, inflammatory bowel disease, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, congenital heart disease, and sickle cell disease, with estimates ranging from 20% to 50%. Evidence for the impact of anxiety on disease outcomes was more limited. This detailed review reveals the following limitations of the current evidence.
Discrete TrkB-expressing neurons of the dorsomedial hypothalamus regulate feeding and thermogenesis

Abstract Mutations in the TrkB neurotrophin receptor lead to profound obesity in humans, and expression of TrkB in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) is critical for maintaining energy homeostasis. However, the functional implications of TrkB-expressing neurons in the DMH (DMHTrkB) on energy expenditure are unclear. Additionally, the neurocircuitry underlying the effect of DMHTrkB neurons on energy homeostasis has not been explored. In this study, we show that activation of DMHTrkB neurons leads to a robust increase in adaptive thermogenesis and energy expenditure without altering heart rate or blood pressure, while silencing DMHTrkB neurons impairs thermogenesis. Furthermore, we reveal neuroanatomically and functionally distinct populations of DMHTrkB neurons that regulate food intake or thermogenesis. Activation of DMHTrkB neurons projecting to the raphe pallidus stimulates thermogenesis and increased energy expenditure, whereas DMHTrkB neurons that send collaterals to the paraventricular hypothalamus and preoptic area inhibit feeding. Together, our findings provide evidence that DMHTrkB neuronal activity plays an important role in regulating energy expenditure and delineate distinct neurocircuits that underly the separate effects of DMHTrkB neuronal activity on food intake and thermogenesis. Brief summary This study shows that TrkB-expressing DMH neurons stimulate thermogenesis through projection to raphe pallidus, while inhibiting feeding through collaterals to paraventricular hypothalamus and preoptic area.
Photothermal self-healing of gold nanoparticle–polystyrene hybrids

This study focused on the processing and photothermal healing of gold nanoparticle (Au NP) and polystyrene (PS) hybrid films. Effects of Au NP contents were investigated using hybrid films with the NP content from 0 to 1 wt% via a solvent-assisted approach. The as-synthesized Au NPs showed an average diameter of 4-5 nm with a face-centered cubic structure. The Au NP agglomeration deteriorated as the content increased and the interparticle distance decreased. The film transparency and flexibility also decreased with the NP content. The Au-PS films demonstrated desirable photothermal healing behaviors, which required more energy with the defect size increase. The simulated temperature distribution on the hybrid films during the photo-induced healing showed good agreement with the experimental results, with particle agglomeration degrading the healing properties. The developed hybrid films can be used in functional devices and coatings with high flexibility and healed using photon energy sources.
Research and Practice of Intelligent Operation and Maintenance System for Essential Load Guarantee Based on 5G and IOT Technology

With the advent of the digital economy era and the continuous development of emerging technologies such as big data and cloud computing, data has become more and more important strategic assets and plays an increasingly important role. As the nearest end of power supply service, distribution network directly faces competitive market pressure. There are many problems in distribution network, such as large number of equipment, complex operation environment, multiple management systems, besides, data is complicated, scattered, redundant and inconsistent in sources, etc. This paper focuses on the needs of intelligent operation and maintenance system in the future and the goal of completing the special power protection task, constructed the intelligent power guarantee command system which based on the basic data such as power grid topology map, GIS map, account information and power protection resources. It focuses on the development of realtime monitoring, auxiliary analysis and emergency response. The core functions are proposed, and the auxiliary functions of power protection management are compatible. The research results of this paper fully integrate big data technology, Internet of Things technology and artificial intelligence technology, which provide important guidance and reference value for the establishment of intelligent operation and maintenance system, as well as the improvement of the ability of emergency repair and essential load guarantee.
Cross-Region Transfer Multipliers in a Monetary Union: Evidence from Social Security and Stimulus Payments

US federal transfers to individuals are large, countercyclical, vary geographically, and are often credited with helping to stabilize regional economies. This paper estimates the short-run effects of these transfers using plausibly exogenous regional variation in temporary stimulus payments and permanent Social Security benefit increases. States that received larger transfers tended to grow faster contemporaneously, with a multiplier of around 1.5 for permanent transfers and 1/3 for temporary transfers. Results are broadly consistent with an open-economy New Keynesian model. At business cycle frequencies, cross-region transfer multipliers are not large, suggesting only modest gains in regional stabilization from US federal automatic stabilizers.
A Novel Approach for the Treatment of Nutcracker Syndrome: A Case Report.

We describe a case of nutcracker syndrome in a 35 year-old male that was treated with a left renal vein transposition via an open retroperitoneal approach. Our case highlights some of the advantages of the retroperitoneal approach, which may decrease the risk of postoperative complications when compared to the traditional midline abdominal transperitoneal approach. The patient agreed to publish the case details and images included below.
Digital Subtraction Angiography: Cleveland Clinic Experience

Digital subtraction angiography has provided a method for noninvasive imaging of the cardiovascular system. The method was introduced into clinical practice by several groups of investigators over the last 3 years (Brennecke et al. 1977; Ergun et al. 1979; Kruger et al. 1979 a, b; Ovitt et al. 1978, 1979, 1980) and numerous reports quickly appeared attesting to the general interest in the potential of the technique (Buonocore et al. 1981; Chilcote et al. 1981; Christenson et al. 1980; Crummy et al. 1980; Hulman et al. 1981; Meaney et al. 1980 a, b; Modic et al. to be published; Strother et al. 1980). Because of the simplicity of an intravenous bolus injection of contrast material, examinations can be performed safely on an outpatient basis and at considerable reduction in expense as compared with conventional angiography. The computer-reconstructed images as a result of digitization of the output signal of an image intensifier/television system form the basis of the method. The present success of DSA in producing useful clinical images is due in large part to the improved efficiency of current image intensifier/television systems, and advances in digital image processing, which permit real-time subtraction imaging and virtually instantaneous remasking of the images. The contrast sensitivity of the system allows identification of small concentrations of intravenously injected iodinated contrast materials. Visualization of 1-mm objects at 1% contrast can be achieved with this method.
Stubble Mulch Farming

Publisher Summary Stubble mulching is a system of farming primarily developed in the arid and semiarid areas. Stubble mulching is demonstrated to be of practical value in reducing soil erosion by wind and water and in resisting surface runoff. Under some conditions, the practice of stubble mulching may reduce soil losses from intense rains to only a portion of those occurring with plowing. Corresponding runoff reductions can also be obtained. The moisture content of soil profile with stubble mulching may not be greatly different from that with plowing. On the other hand, it is not too difficult to demonstrate increased soil moisture storage on stubble mulched plots shortly after a substantial rain. In the drier regions of the Great Plains, stubble mulching usually results either in increased wheat yields or in little change in yield. In more humid areas of the Great Plains and in the Pacific Northwest, there may be substantial decreases in grain yield with stubble mulching. These yield reductions with stubble mulch tillage are apparently due to decreased nutrient availability, particularly nitrogen, inadequate weed control, or a combination of both factors.
Laboratory Information Systems

The laboratory information system (LIS) is a large, complex system made up of software and hardware that handles electronic data to support laboratory operations. Cytology was one of the first areas of anatomical pathology that embraced informatics, owing to regulations introduced by the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) in 1988. In the cytopathology laboratory, the LIS helps deal with a high volume of specimens, repetitive tasks, and comply with required standards. The LIS provides a mechanism to electronically integrate patient data (e.g., demographics, clinical history, archived pathology reports), facilitate laboratory workflow processes, communicate diagnostic interpretations, assist with billing, capture coding, aid in quality assurance (QA), and connect with other information systems (e.g., hospital information system, electronic medical record, billing system). A stand-alone LIS is a system devoted entirely to Anatomical (or Clinical) Pathology (AP-LIS or CP-LIS). Such an LIS is often referred to as a best-of-breed LIS, because of the in depth functionality it offers.
1,1‐Dichloro‐2,2‐difluoroethylene

1,1-Dichloro-2,2-difluoroethylene reactant: 10–15-ml. portion of a solution consisting of 122.4 g. (0.6 mole) of 1,1,1,2-tetrachloro-2,2-difluoroethane in 50 ml. of methanol product: 1,1-dichloro-2,2-difluoroethylene Keywords: elimination, dehalogenation; bath, cooling, dry ice and acetone; condenser, dry ice-acetone
Development in vitro of mouse embryos from the two-cell egg stage to the early somite stage

About 1–3% of mouse blastocysts, which had initially been cultured from the two-cell stage in chemically defined medium or about 3–5% of blastocysts which were explanted from the uterus, developed to the early somite stage when cultured in vitro on collagen. Two-cell eggs were initially cultivated in chemically defined medium to the blastocyst stage. Blastocysts were then transferred to Eagle9s minimal essential medium (MEM) plus 10% heat-inactivated calf serum. Two barriers to further development were overcome. First, the formation of endoderm and ectoderm from the inner cell mass immediately after attachment to collagen. Second, formation of the embryo proper from the embryonic region. Both barriers were overcome by using heat-inactivated human cord serum after the blastocysts hatched from the zona pellucida and attached to collagen. After attachment, embryos were cultured in MEM plus 20% heat-inactivated human cord serum which was changed daily until early somite stages. Apparently normal healthy development in vitro occurred, as judged by light and electron microscopic examination.
Looking Back: The Reflections of Registered Nurses on the Experience of Returning for the Baccalaureate Degree

The purpose of this phenomenological research study was to understand the educational experiences of RN-BSN (Registered Nurse to Bachelor of Science in Nursing) graduates in order to more fully understand the future role of nursing curriculum in developing competent, confident healthcare professionals. Ten nurses who graduated from an online RN-BSN program in the prior two to three years agreed to participate and were interviewed. Six themes emerged from the data concerning associate degree nurses that return to academia for a baccalaureate degree: Connecting the Dots between Theory and Practice, Emotional Evolution, Seeing the “Big Picture”, Opening Doors to New Opportunities, The Workplace Push, and Perceptions of Professionalism. The findings of the study provide a glimpse into the perspectives of nurses that have returned to academia for their BSN. This research adds to the body of literature regarding RN-BSN education and how specific experiences within these particular programs impact the professional growth of nurses working in healthcare today.
Application of Nanoscale Bioassemblies to Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics

This chapter summarizes progress in several approaches and devices that will improve and augment existing diagnostic techniques. The term bionanotechnology has been used to describe the science that supports the construction of nanoscale bioassemblies. In each of the present applications to diagnostics, bionanotechnological devices play a largely passive role. Cell surface targeting with an antibody, a growth factor, or a small molecule ligand achieves a new level of sophistication, however, it is still a passive approach. While the induced conformational changes associated with the binding of dendrimers or molecular beacons are somewhat more complex responses to the local environment, they are still largely passive mechanistically. Dynamic devices that change color with time of incubation based on the presence or absence of secondary or tertiary cellular markers within a population exhibiting a primary marker would be of considerable utility. Dynamic nanoscale devices of this type await the application of the rules of assembly associated with the scaffolds described earlier and perhaps the discovery and application of new rules of assembly and new scaffolds.
A comparison of islet transplantation and subcutaneous insulin injections for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

Abstract Transplantation of the islets of Langerhans has received considerable attention as a means of treating insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. However, the number of islets needed and the level of plasma glucose control that results from this treatment method still needs to be defined. A pharmacokinetic model of glucose and insulin dynamics which includes the islet insulin response to plasma glucose is used to compare the effectiveness of subcutaneous insulin injections and transplanted islets of Langerhans for the treatment of a hypothetical patient with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. For a patient receiving 60 U of insulin per day the results show that 500 000 human islets would be needed to obtain glucose control comparable to that obtained with insulin injections and at least 1.5 million human islets are needed to obtain normoglycemia.
PERFORMANCE IN COLLEGE-LEVEL COURSES AMONG STUDENTS CONCURRENTLY ENROLLED IN REMEDIAL COURSES: POLICY IMPLICATIONS

Community colleges utilize open-door admission policies to provide educational opportunities for all students, including those who are academically under-prepared in one or more areas. Current approaches to assisting under-prepared students include the targeted delivery of remedial courses in math, English, and reading. This approach typically relies on the use of standardized placement tests to determine whether students have remedial needs. Based on those placement test scores, students may have a remedial need in only one of the core academic areas (e.g., math, English, or reading). In such cases, students may concurrently enroll in required remedial courses and college-level courses unrelated to the area in which they are considered to be academically under-prepared. The research reported in this article evaluated the assumption that a student's under-preparedness is limited to a specific area by assessing the college-level performance of students concurrently enrolled in remedial and college-level co...
High temperature creep of a Poco graphite

Abstract The creep behavior of POCO grade HPD-1 graphite was studied from 2200 to 2500°C in the as-received condition as well as after annealing at either 2750 or 2900°C. The apparent activation energy for creep, the stress dependence, the time dependence, creep curve shape, and recovery behavior are similar to those for the typical commercial polycrystalline graphites. However, there are several important differences. Creep strains to fracture are large, generally exceeding 30 per cent, and can exceed 70 per cent. Also, there is a reduction in cross-sectional area, by as much as 20 per cent, during high temperature deformation. Fracture stresses at high temperatures are high, sometimes reaching 18-20,000 psi, but the creep rates are relatively rapid at stresses of the order of 1/3 of the fracture stress. These differences are attributed to the small pore size of the POCO graphite and the uniform distribution of these pores.
Mapping Mountain Pine Beetle Mortality through Growth Trend Analysis of Time-Series Landsat Data

Disturbances are key processes in the carbon cycle of forests and other ecosystems. In recent decades, mountain pine beetle (MPB; Dendroctonus ponderosae) outbreaks have become more frequent and extensive in western North America. Remote sensing has the ability to fill the data gaps of long-term infestation monitoring, but the elimination of observational noise and attributing changes quantitatively are two main challenges in its effective application. Here, we present a forest growth trend analysis method that integrates Landsat temporal trajectories and decision tree techniques to derive annual forest disturbance maps over an 11-year period. The temporal trajectory component successfully captures the disturbance events as represented by spectral segments, whereas decision tree modeling efficiently recognizes and attributes events based upon the characteristics of the segments. Validated against a point set sampled across a gradient of MPB mortality, 86.74% to 94.00% overall accuracy was achieved with small variability in accuracy among years. In contrast, the overall accuracies of single-date classifications ranged from 37.20% to 75.20% and only become comparable with our approach when the training sample size was increased at least four-fold. This demonstrates that the advantages of this time series work flow exist in its small training sample size requirement. The easily understandable, interpretable and modifiable characteristics of our approach suggest that it could be applicable to other ecoregions.
Design of the Brookhaven experiment on the effects of Ionzing radiation on a terrestrial ecosystem

Abstract A forest ecosystem on Long Island is being irradiated experimentally with chronic gamma radiation and will be studied over a period of years to appraise the potential effects of ionizing radiation at ecological levels of organization. The source of radiation is Cesium 137, arranged for safety and simplicity of dosimetry in a centrally located tower and capable of being shielded by operation of a winch in a remote building. Exposure rate decreases around this tower approximately with the square of the distance from the source and may vary by a factor of 2 along any arc around it due to shielding by the vegetation. The steep decline in exposure rate with increasing distance from the source produces steep gradients of effects and the amount of replication, especially at the species level and during the first year of the study when principal effects are close to the source, may be small. Two types of control data are available from (1) measurements of plant and animal populations in the experimental area prior to irradiation and (2) other measurements from nonirradiated stands nearby. Within the experiment, data can be referred to a radial survey which defines location with reference to the source and hence exposure rate. Results of the first year's exposure of a stand of the Long Island oak-pine forest show that although plant populations were generally more sensitive to damage than had been anticipated, the first year's effects on plants can be predicted within broad limits from characteristics of the cell nucleus. The ability to make such predictions is of great value in planning this type of experiment.
Experimental Studies in So-called Agranulocytic Angina. I. Effects upon Leucocytes by Toxic Products of Bacteria from Stool of Human Case

The possible causal relationship of the intestinal bacterial flora in agranulocytic angina has not been investigated. We carried out bacteriological examinations of stool specimens of a human case and recovered together with other of the intestinal microorganisms, cultures of B. enteritidis, Streptococcus hemolyticus and B. welchii. This paper deals with the results of animal inoculation with these cultures.B. enteritidis. Six guinea pigs were injected, 2 subcutaneously, 2 intraperitoneally, and 2 intracardially, with 1 cc. each, of a saline suspension of this strain. Neutrophilic leucocytosis resulted and the animals died in 24 to 72 hours.Three guinea pigs were fed with oats contaminated with stools containing B. enteritidis, and over the food of 3 guinea pigs suspensions of recovered culture were poured. After 6 weeks, including repeated leucocytic counts, no appreciable effects of such feedings were noted.Two guinea pigs were injected, 1 intracardially and 1 intraperitoneally with the filtrate of brot...
Degradation reactions in SONY-type Li-ion batteries

Thermal instabilities were identified in SONY-type lithium-ion cells and correlated with interactions of cell constituents and reaction products. Three temperature regions of interaction were identified and associated with the state of charge (degree of Li intercalation) of the cell. Anodes were shown to undergo exothermic reactions as low as 100°C involving the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer and the LiPF6 salt in the electrolyte (EC:PC:DEC/LiPF6). These reactions could account for the thermal runaway observed in these cells beginning at 100°C. Exothermic reactions were also observed in the 200°C-300°C region between the intercalated lithium anodes, the LiPF6 salt, and the PVDF. These reactions were followed by a hightemperature reaction region, 300°C-400°C, also involving the PVDF binder and the intercalated lithium anodes. The solvent was not directly involved in these reactions but served as a moderator and transport medium. Cathode exothermic reactions with the PVDF binder were observed above 200°C and increased with the state of charge (decreasing Li content). This offers an explanation for the observed lower thermal runaway temperatures for charged cells.
Molecular typing of Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from fish

The genetic variability among Streptococcus agalactiae isolates recovered from fish was characterized using single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of the intergenic spacer region (ISR), and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting. A total of 46 S. agalactiae cultures isolated from different fish species and geographic origins as well as related reference strains were included in the study. ISR-SSCP divided the S. agalactiae isolates analysed into five distinct genotypes. Genotype 1 grouped all Kuwait isolates while genotype 4 clustered the majority of non-Kuwait isolates (USA, Brazil and Honduras). AFLP analysis offered a higher resolution level by dividing the isolates into 13 different genotypes. Two different AFLP profiles were identified within the Kuwait isolates. When data from both ISR-SSCP and AFLP were combined through a multidimensional analysis (MDS), a good correlation between geographical origin and genotypes was observed. Both AFLP and ISR-SSCP revealed genetic differences between S. agalactiae isolates from fish. While AFLP offered a higher resolution, ISR-SSCP also provided valid information being a simpler and faster method.
The quiet of the fierce barracuda: masculinity and aggression in Pohnpei, Micronesia

This paper provides historical background on youth violence for the understudied indigenous Micronesian culture of Pohnpei. Aggression has long been of high cultural value for men in Pohnpei. Masculinity was assessed on a man's power and authority (manaman), as generally indicated by his possession of a ranked title within the chiefly hierarchy. For the very highest ones, a man's title was awarded on the basis of matrilineal genealogical connections; for all other titles, more weight was placed on individual achievements (with the help of relatives, undertaken for the chiefs) in the most competitive realms of society—bravery in warfare and prestations (i.e., the offering of valuable gifts that are due to people of high status) at feasts. Masculinity was also assessed in terms of a man's heterosexual prowess. A man's successes in these realms were based on his possession of special knowledge, skills, and other characteristics—but typically, these were carefully secluded from public notice and dramatically revealed only on special occasions. One Pohnpeian proverb states, “The quiet of the fierce barracuda.” Like a barracuda, a man lies quietly in the water, waiting for his prey to appear; when it does, he rises swiftly and surely to the attack. Many changes to Pohnpeian culture have resulted from nearly two centuries of various foreign activities on the island. This paper explores the changes in indigenous masculinity and aggression during early foreign contact by whalers, traders, beachcombers, and missionaries who used Pohnpei as a major port of call; over four successive colonial regimes in Micronesia that had headquarters in Pohnpei; during Japanese militarization of the island in World War II; and in the American rule that quickly followed. The indigenous Pohnpeian cultural notions of masculinity and aggression, with modifications over these centuries of contact, are ones that Pohnpeians carry with them in diaspora, primarily to the United States, especially in the more developed Pacific Islands located nearby, such as Guam and Hawai'i.
Loneliness: A Theoretical Review with Implications for Measurement

The literature on loneliness is selectively reviewed with respect to three major theoretical approaches that have guided research in this area. The authors survey the theory and research associated with the social needs approach, the behavioral/personalityapproach and the cognitive processes approach to loneliness. Specific theoretical perspectives subsumable within each approach (e.g. social developmental, social support) are discussed. The second part of the paper addresses methodological considerations in the measurement of loneliness that are specifically relevant to the major theoretical issues discussed. Potential points of theoretical integration and methodological refinement are noted. In a concluding section, recommendations forfuture research on loneliness are suggested, and the need for a general process model incorporating some of these suggestions is noted.
Kimura’s disease: An unusual glandular involvement with blood and tissue esinophilia

Kimura’s disease is a rare cause of a progressive neck swelling associated with blood and tissue esinophilia. Though it is a benign disease, however, its unrelating course and unpredictable response to the therapeutic interventions, poses a great challenge to the treating physician, the patients and the caregiver. Here is one such case of Kimura’s disease.
Fiber optic electric-field microsensor

A new method and apparatus are presented by which electric fields (AC and DC) can be measured in high voltage (HV) environments above ground using a variable gap, Fabry-Perot micro-cavity transducer which is mounted on the tip of a multimode optical fiber. By constructing the Fabry-Perot cavity as a conductive Faraday cage, external electric fields can be detected by the electrostatic forces they exert on the top surface of the cavity where a flexible, corrugated, silicon diaphragm is incorporated. Under the action of the electrostatic forces, the diaphragm deflects varying the gap of the cavity which is measured as a change in the backreflected light. To make the device insensitive to bending and transmission losses in the fiber, a dual wavelength referencing technique is employed. Thus, the magnitude of the electric field can be related to a change in the intensity ratio at two different wavelengths. The sensor is characterized by being small, lightweight, unobtrusive, accurate and immune to electromagnetic interference (EMI), temperature or pressure effects. DC electric fields in the range of 0 to 300 KV/m have been successfully measured. The minimum field intensity detected was of the order of 40 KV/m. This relatively low sensitivity is due to the high stiffness of the diaphragm arising from the high boron-diffusion. However, higher sensitivities are possible by thinning the diaphragm, increasing the radius, reducing the boss ratio or decreasing the corrugation depth.© (1993) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Plastic 95-GHz rectangular waveguides by micro molding technologies

A plastic, 95-GHz rectangular waveguide with an integrated plastic flange has been successfully demonstrated using micro hot embossing and electroplating technologies. Two prototype devices with integrated flanges on both ends have been tested using an Agilent PNA 5250 network analyzer. The prototype with non-metallized flange shows return loss s11 and insertion loss s21 values of −21.5 and −1.09 dB at 108 GHz, respectively with signal transmission rate at 77.8%. The prototype with metallized flange has s11 and s21 values of −31.5 dB and −0.7 dB, respectively, at 92.5 GHz, with signal transmission rate at 85%. The time domain measurement showed that the system losses are mainly due to the discontinuity losses at the interfaces between the network analyzer adaptors and the waveguide input/output ports. These losses could be further minimized in future integrated systems. As such, this new class of plastic waveguides has potential applications in replacing the expensive and bulky/heavy metallic waveguides in current millimeter-wave systems. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The Sexuality of Authorship in The Monk

As simultaneously “queer” and “unoriginal,” the Gothic is an ideal site for investigating alternatives to the still potent Romantic construction of the author as masculine, heterosexual, and autonomous. One of the best examples of this Gothic alternative is the original queer Gothic plagiarist, Matthew Lewis. Drawing on Judith Butler’s insight that drag—and by implication gender—is a form of imitation that calls into question the “originality” of any normatively delineated gender identity, this essay examines the authorship of The Monk by way of a usually overlooked episode in which Lewis situates himself in a classical, imitative, and homoerotic literary tradition and echoes his famous avowal of the romance’s “plagiarisms.” Like the crafty cross-dresser Rosario/Matilda, Lewis’s authorship lacks stable ground. More important, by circumventing the primacy of origins, he claims a legacy that queers the history of the sexuality of authorship.
Photo-ionization cross section of beryllium near threshold.

The $^{1}P$ continuum wave functions of beryllium with energies from 0 to \ensuremath{\sim}3.5 eV above the $2s$ threshold are calculated with the inclusion of auto-ionizing lines by configuration interaction. These functions are then combined with a ten-configuration ground-state function to compute the photo-ionization cross section which is found to be dominated by auto-ionization from the $2pns$ and the $2pnd$ series. The energy region studied contains the first three $2pns$ lines, which have widths of a significant fraction of a volt, comparable to their separation; and the first two $2pnd$ lines, which are about a thousand times narrower. There are no experimental measurements of the cross section for comparison; however, the computed phase shift agrees reasonably well with recent close-coupling calculations.
A mathematical model developed to predict the chemistry and corrosion rate in a crevice of variable gap

A model is developed to predict the chemistry, corrosion potential and rate of pipeline steels in a crevice formed when a coating disbonds from a pipe surface. The gap of the coating disbonded region is assumed to vary with distance from the mouth. The effect of this gap variation on the chemistry and corrosion rate in the coating disbonded region is investigated in this study through modeling. The preliminary model results suggest that overall, the variation of the disbondment gap with distance has an insignificant effect on the pH, corrosion potential and rate in the coating disbonded region. Unlike some conventional crevice corrosion often associated with a large cathode-to-anode area ratio, the area ratio here is rather relatively small and the pH commonly falls in the neutral or alkaline range. Within this pH range, even if the pH varies within a few units across the crevice length, the variation of the crevice corrosion rate is not significant. This paper reports on and discusses the fundamental principles used for the model, some key model results, and the practical implications of the results.
Victor Horsley, John Marshall, nerve stretching, and the nervi nervorum.

Abstract In his early professional life, Victor Horsley was registrar and assistant to Mr. John Marshall, anatomist, surgeon, and president of the Royal College of Surgeons. In helping with the research for the Bradshaw Lecture on Nerve Stretching given by Marshall in 1883, Horsley demonstrated changes in nerve fibers due to mechanical stretching of the sciatic nerve, and he also demonstrated small nerve fibers in the sheaths of peripheral nerves-the socalled nervi nervorum. Marshall attributed the benefits of nerve stretching in sciatica to the interference with these nervi nervorum hitherto considered to exist only in the sheath of the optic nerve.
The Meanings of Kansas: Rhetoric, Regions, and Counter Regions

This essay uses the Kansas reception of Truman Capote's 1966 In Cold Blood to reflect on processes of regionalism and resistance. Noting that Capote and In Cold Blood were articulated quite differently in different portions of the state of Kansas, I explain how Kansans used a text that was imposed on them to craft for themselves regional identities of their own making. I call these “counter regions,” a term I coin to emphasize that region making is an important, if often overlooked, ingredient in practices of cultural resistance.
Structure, Dynamics, and Mechanism of the Leucine Transporter Studied by Double Electron Electron Resonance Spectroscopy

The neurotransmitter/sodium symporter (NSS) family of transporters includes the human dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine transporters. These transporters harness sodium and chloride gradients to facilitate reuptake of neurotransmitters from the synapse thus terminating neurotransmission. Due to their critical regulatory role, NSSs are the targets of numerous psychiatric therapeutics and drugs of abuse. Progress in understanding and treating diverse conditions including depression and anxiety will require a detailed description of the structure and function of this class of proteins. Structural investigations of NSS have focused on a bacterial homolog of these transporters, LeuT. This work will describe a systematic investigation of the intracellular dynamics of LeuT as well as detail progress in defining the LeuT transport mechanism and open-inward structure. Using double electron-electron resonance (DEER) spectroscopy, a pulsed EPR technique, over 40 double mutants were analyzed for their distance distributions and relative dynamics. Mechanistic descriptions were inferred by tracking shifts in equilibria between multi-component distance distributions and relating these shifts to biochemical conditions across all mutants. Closed-inward distances were largely consistent with the LeuT crystal structures, while primary gating motions were identified at helices 1 and 6 with additional reorientations of helices 5 and 7, resulting in the open-inward structure. Distance data are being implemented into restrained computational modeling to generate preliminary models of the open-inward conformation of LeuT. These results will be compared to the current models of LeuT open-in structure and transport mechanism derived using alternative approaches.
From Marfan’s Syndrome to Double Outlet Right Ventricle—And Everything in Between:

Welcome to the September 2014 issue of Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia. SCVA continually strives to present broad-based coverage of pertinent topics in cardiothoracic medicine, and this month we have a nice mix of review articles, original research articles, and our Roundtable Discussion. From the review category, Dr Moret and colleagues have provided a nice overview of the use of albumin in the setting of cardiopulmonary bypass. This article complements the recently published article, Perioperative Fluid Management for Pulmonary Resection Surgery and Esophagectomy by Drs Chau and Slinger, which looked into the approach to fluid management for thoracic surgery patients. Moret’s article examines the physiologic approach to fluid management and provides information on how the practitioner may decide between using albumin versus synthetic colloids or crystalloid-based fluid therapy. The authors also discuss the use of albumin in both adult and pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass priming solutions, a comparison of safety concerns with albumin versus synthetics, and suggest ways to use albumin appropriately after the patient is weaned from cardiopulmonary bypass. The second review article written by Dr Castellano and colleagues provides a comprehensive review on management 545704 SCVXXX10.1177/1089253214545704Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaWeitzel research-article2014
Leaf Pubescence Effects in Wheat on Yellow Sugarcane Aphids and Greenbugs (Homoptera: Aphididae)

Observations during previous wheat germ plasm evaluation tests indicated that wheat lines with high levels of leaf pubescence are resistant to the yellow sugarcane aphid, Sipha flava (Forbes). Earlier work also suggested the same relationship for the green bug, Schizo phis germanium (Ronni), but the evidence was not as strong. This research studied the effects of leaf pubescence on the two aphid species in greater detail. Trix home length and density measurements were made on second and third leaves from seedlings of six pubescent wheat entries and two nearly glabrous wheat cultivars. Yellow sugarcane aphid and greenbug antibiosis and antixenosis tests were conducted using standard methods for the antibiosis test and new techniques for the antixenosis test. The results showed that leaf surface pubescence is of questionable value in a greenbug; plant resistance program, but it is an effective resistance mechanism against the yellow sugarcane aphid.
LOCAL TUMOR CONTROL WITH SALVAGE CRYOTHERAPY FOR LOCALLY RECURRENT PROSTATE CANCER AFTER EXTERNAL BEAM RADIOTHERAPY

Purpose: We identified variables associated with a positive prostate biopsy after salvage cryotherapy in patients in whom initial external beam radiotherapy for prostate cancer failed to improve our cryotherapy technique, optimize local control and improve our patient selection criteria for salvage cryotherapy.Materials and Methods: Between July 1992 and January 1995, 145 patients underwent salvage cryotherapy. Post-cryotherapy sextant prostate biopsies were performed in 107 cases. We evaluated certain variables on univariate and multivariate analysis as predictors of a positive biopsy after cryotherapy, including the type of previous therapy, tumor stage and grade at initial diagnosis, prostate volume, pre-cryotherapy prostate specific antigen (PSA), number of positive biopsy cores before cryotherapy, PSA nadir after cryotherapy, stage and grade of local recurrence, number of cryoprobes, number of freeze-thaw cycles and use of a urethral warming catheter during cryotherapy.Results: Biopsies were positive...
Modeling of femtosecond electromagnetic pulses from large-aperture photoconductors.

A model of the electromagnetic radiation generated by the triggering of large-aperture biased photoconductors with ultrashort pulses is developed. In the far field, the radiated fluence and intensity, as well as waveforms of the radiated electric field, are presented as a function of optical excitation fluence.
Mining the Home Movie: Excavations in Histories and Memories by Karen L. Ishizuka and Patricia R. Zimmermann. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2008

It is difficult to overstate the contribution of Mining the Home Movie: Excavations in Histories and Memories. Karen L. Ishizuka and Patricia R. Zimmermann have compiled twenty-seven articles, repo...
The basics of a successful system

Abstract Personal Computer (PC) sales have taken a downward turn primarily because PC systems are still not sufficiently user oriented. Some basic systems guidelines should be followed that will improve the acceptance of PCs by users that are not familiar with the technical side of a computer. A set of “rules” and some “systems analysis basics” are supplied. These will help to make future PC systems that are user oriented.
Nutrients for the aging eye

The incidence of age-related eye diseases is expected to rise with the aging of the population. Oxidation and inflammation are implicated in the etiology of these diseases. There is evidence that dietary antioxidants and anti-inflammatories may provide benefit in decreasing the risk of age-related eye disease. Nutrients of interest are vitamins C and E, β-carotene, zinc, lutein, zeaxanthin, and the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. While a recent survey finds that among the baby boomers (45-65 years old), vision is the most important of the five senses, well over half of those surveyed were not aware of the important nutrients that play a key role in eye health. This is evident from a national survey that finds that intake of these key nutrients from dietary sources is below the recommendations or guidelines. Therefore, it is important to educate this population and to create an awareness of the nutrients and foods of particular interest in the prevention of age-related eye disease.
Cortical parcellation for neonatal brains

In the absence of a neonatal template with cortical subregion labels, it can be extremely difficult to obtain cortical parcellation of new neonatal brain images automatically. This paper addresses this problem by utilizing adult templates with rich cortical annotation and a neonatal template with simple tissue labels. Theoretical feasibility is assured because of the preservation of brain putative cytoarchitectonic boundaries from birth to adulthood. We use large deformation registration to propagate neuroanatomical labels from adult to neonatal brain and perform multi-atlas labeling based on accurate prior-based tissue segmentation. We evaluate the repeatability of the labeling by cross-validation with training and testing data. Preliminary results show interesting relationship between the volumes of labels and independent measures of neonatal development and maternal characteristics.
Heparin co-factor II Thrombin complex as a biomarker for mucopolysaccharidosis: Indian experience

Background Serum heparin cofactor II-thrombin complex (HCII-T) is an emerging biomarker for mucopolysaccharidosis disease (MPS I and MPS II).
Location-Based Cooperative Relaying in Wireless Sensor Networks

In this work, we present a novel routing protocol for energy constrained multi-hop wireless sensor networks. The proposed mechanism exploits the broadcast nature of the wireless channel to enable cooperative relaying in an on-demand manner. It also introduces the concept of leapfrogging that aids in circumventing links with weak channels. Further, in order to achieve energy efficiency, we define a novel metric that takes into account both location as well as channel state information for next-hop selection. The protocol is completely decentralized and preliminary analysis shows that the proposed approach offers significant benefits by reducing the number of (re)transmissions required to reach a destination. This translates into network-wide energy savings that can potentially increase the network lifetime.
Inbreeding considerations in a REM sleep model for rat swimming activity.

Over the past few years, our laboratory group has elaborated a repeated measures rat swimming test. It provides an animal base for showing that the REM sleep mechanism is important to both emotional responsiveness and environmental adaptations. All of that work has been done with Sprague-Dawley rats obtained from a local supplier. Work done with two European rat stocks (by researchers in France and The Netherlands) shows general agreement with our own. In this presentation, we directly compare rats derived from an English vendor's Sprague-Dawley stock with the U.S. based Sprague-Dawley stock which we have been using. We also make strain comparisons via the F344 and the Long Evans strains. Although the literature has numerous examples of swimming test differences between inbred and wild rat stocks, strain difference effects have not been reported. We report that there are significant differences attributable to inbred strain but not to vendor on this measure.