cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Co-simulation of linear electromagnetic structures and non-linear devices in the time-domain finite-element reduction-recovery method

The scaling of supply voltages and the increased level of integration have conspired to make the analysis and design of microelectronic systems increasingly challenging. The impact of dynamic noise due to signal switching, die-package coupling, power management techniques, substrate coupling, etc., can been seen at all levels of a power delivery network, from chip to package to mother board to the voltage regulator module. Thus, there is a critical need for the co-simulation of the integrated circuits and nonlinear devices to control the global electrical interaction and optimize performance as an integrated system. However, the co-simulation of integrated circuits and nonlinear devices results in numerical problems of ultra-large scale, requiring billions of parameters to describe them accurately. In order to address the large problem size, electromagnetic solutions have to scale favorably. In [1], a time-domain layered finite-element reduction-recovery method was developed for solving large-scale IC problems. This method can reduce the system matrix of size O(N) rigorously to that of size O(M) for any multilayered structure, with N being the number of unknowns in the entire 3D structure, and M being the number of unknowns in a single layer. Furthermore, the reduction from O(N) to O(M) was achieved without any computational cost via analytical means, and hence the CPU and memory overheads are minimal. In [2], a set of orthogonal prism vector basis functions were developed. These basis functions rendered the reduced single-layer system diagonal, and hence the reduced system can be solved readily. The method entails no approximation. It is applicable to arbitrarily-shaped 3D multilayer structures embedded in inhomogeneous media. The goal of this paper is to develop a method to co-simulate linear electromagnetic structures and non-linear circuit devices in the framework of the time-domain finite-element reduction-recovery method. The co-simulation of electromagnetic structures and circuit devices in a time-domain finite-element method has been discussed in [3–4]. The goal of this research is to perform the co-simulation without sacrificing the computational efficiency of the time-domain finite-element reduction-recovery method.
A custom microprocessor for implantable telemetry systems

PERC, a custom microprocessor designed for use with an implantable biotelemetry system, is discussed. The system consists of the processor and a number of peripheral chips (such as A/D converters and a telemetry unit) connected through a serial bus. The system requires flexibility in programming, high reliability, and low power consumption. The microprocessor supports these requirements with the ability to be programmed through the telemetry unit and with on-chip timers, on-chip RAM, and special instructions for processing data samples and controlling the system. >
Assessing phylogenetic relationships in extant heterosporous ferns (Salviniales), with a focus on Pilularia and Salvinia

Heterosporous ferns (Salviniales) are a group of approximately 70 species that produce two types of spores (megaspores and microspores). Earlier broad-scale phylogenetic studies on the order typically focused on one or, at most, two species per genus. In contrast, our study samples numerous species for each genus, wherever possible, accounting for almost half of the species diversity of the order. Our analyses resolve Marsileaceae, Salviniaceae and all of the component genera as monophyletic. Salviniaceae incorporate Salvinia and Azolla; in Marsileaceae, Marsilea is sister to the clade of Regnellidium and Pilularia– this latter clade is consistently resolved, but not always strongly supported. Our individual species-level investigations for Pilularia and Salvinia, together with previously published studies on Marsilea and Azolla (Regnellidium is monotypic), provide phylogenies within all genera of heterosporous ferns. The Pilularia phylogeny reveals two groups: Group I includes the European taxa P. globulifera and P. minuta; Group II consists of P. americana, P. novae-hollandiae and P. novae-zelandiae from North America, Australia and New Zealand, respectively, and are morphologically difficult to distinguish. Based on their identical molecular sequences and morphology, we regard P. novae-hollandiae and P. novae-zelandiae to be conspecific; the name P. novae-hollandiae has nomenclatural priority. The status of P. americana requires further investigation as it consists of two geographically and genetically distinct North American groups and also shows a high degree of sequence similarity to P. novae-hollandiae. Salvinia also comprises biogeographically distinct units – a Eurasian group (S. natans and S. cucullata) and an American clade that includes the noxious weed S. molesta, as well as S. oblongifolia and S. minima. © 2008 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2008, 157, 673–685.
Rheology and Component Interactions in Tape Casting Slurries

Rheology and the component interactions which affect rheology were studied for a tape casting composition similar to commercial systems. Viscosity measurements at different shear rates were compared to measured tape properties to determine if high or low shear rate rheological behavior controls tape characteristics. Relative viscosity was measured to assess the contribution of each component to the stability of the dispersion.
Effect size in clinical phonology

The purpose of this article is to motivate the use of effect size (ES) for single-subject research in clinical phonology, with an eye towards meta-analyses of treatment effects for children with phonological disorders. Standard mean difference (SMD) is introduced and illustrated as one ES well suited to the multiple baseline (MBL) design and evaluation of generalization learning, both of which are key to experimental studies in clinical phonology.
Time-Domain (Interferogram) and Frequency-Domain (Absorption-Mode and Magnitude-Mode) Noise and Precision in Fourier Transform Spectrometry

It is desirable to be able to predict the precision of a repeated measurement, based on the result of a single measurement and knowledge of the noise level in the original (time-domain) data. We have previously shown that precision in determination of time-domain signal parameters (initial magnitude, frequency, and exponential damping constant for a noisy exponentially damped sinusoidal signal) from least-squares fit to a frequency-domain FFT spectrum is directly proportional to frequency-domain peak height-to-noise ratio and to the square root of the number of data points per peak width, with a proportionality constant which depends on the spectral type (absorption mode, magnitude mode) and peak shape (e.g., Lorentzian, Gaussian, etc.). In this paper, we show that precision in determination of those same parameters by least-squares fit to the time-domain signal itself is similarly related to time-domain initial amplitude-to-noise ratio and the square root of the number of data points per damping period. In addition, we show that although magnitude-mode spectral noise is well described by a Rayleigh distribution in the signal-free baseline segments of the spectrum, noise in the vicinity of a magnitude-mode spectral peak is more accurately described by a normal (Gaussian) distribution. We then proceed to show that determination of spectral parameters from a time-domain data set is more precise by a factor of √2 than estimates based on the FT absorption-mode spectrum. We further show that padding of the N-point time-domain data set by another N zeroes before FFT improves frequency-domain absorption-mode precision by the same √2 factor. Additional zero-filling does not improve spectral precision. Zero-filling has no effect on precision of spectral parameters determined from time-domain data, and variable effects on parameters determined from fits to magnitude-mode spectra. The above theoretical predictions are supported by analysis of simulated noisy data.
Characterization of resonant tunneling diodes for microwave and millimeter-wave detection

The authors report on the direct detection capabilities of resonant tunneling diodes in the 10-100 GHz range. An open circuit voltage sensitivity of 1750 mV/mW (in Ka-band) was measured. This is higher than the sensitivity of comparatively based commercially available solid-state detectors. The detector properties are a strong function of diode bias and the measured tangential signal sensitivity (-32 dBm at Ka-band with 1-MHz bandwidth) and the dynamic range (25 dB) of the diode are smaller compared to other solid-state detectors. >
Risk factors for discharge on a new antipsychotic medication after admission to an intensive care unit.

Abstract Purpose Increased awareness of delirium in the intensive care unit (ICU) has led to higher use of antipsychotic medications for treatment of delirium. These medications are often not discontinued at ICU or hospital discharge, which may increase the risk of inappropriate polypharmacy. Our study sought to identify risk factors for being discharged on a new antipsychotic medication after admission to a trauma-surgical ICU or neurocritical care unit. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study at an academic medical center and included patients who were admitted to the trauma-surgical ICU or neurocritical care unit and received an antipsychotic medication. Those younger than 18 years, died before hospital discharge, or did not have complete documentation were excluded. Results A total of 341 records were included in the final analysis. Of those, 82 (24%) were discharged on a new antipsychotic and 67% of those patients had no documented indication. Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (odds ratio, 1.030 [95% confidence interval, 1.030-1.110]) and days treated with benzodiazepines (odds ratio, 1.101 [95% confidence interval, 1.060-1.143]) were independently associated with being discharged on a new antipsychotic medication. Conclusions Those patients with higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores and more benzodiazepine days are at increased odds of being discharged on a new antipsychotic.
Bone graft and bone graft substitutes: a review of current technology and applications.

The morbidity associated with autogenous bone graft harvest and the recent concern regarding the transmission of live virus through use of allografts, have been the impetus for research into a variety of materials that could take the place of these standard materials for bone grafting. The positive results reported with various ceramics and/or bone derivatives suggest the possibility of a material with osteoconductive and/or osteoinductive properties for use with or in place of bone graft. This review discusses a variety of bone graft and bone graft substitute materials. Among the osteoconductive materials outlined are the hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate ceramics as well as some reportedly osteoactive polymers. While osteoconduction is a favorable quality, much interest has focussed on the use of osteoinductive or osteogenic materials such as demineralized bone matrix or bone derivatives,that is, BMP, osteogenin, etc. It is increasingly apparent that these materials require a carrier vehicle for optimal expression of osteoactivity. Therefore, the review finishes with a comparison of the various materials suggested for use as carriers.
Soil Temperature, Not Aboveground Plant Productivity, Best Predicts Intra-Annual Variations of Soil Respiration in Central Iowa Grasslands

Soil respiration (RSOIL) is the second largest carbon flux between terrestrial systems and the atmosphere, with a magnitude 10 times greater than anthropogenic carbon dioxide production. Therefore, it is important that we understand, and be able to predict, how RSOIL responds to climate change. Although a positive, significant temperature effect on RSOIL has long been recognized, recent studies emphasize the overriding importance of current photosynthesis in controlling RSOIL. We tested the hypothesis that model inclusion of intra-annual variations in aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) significantly improves RSOIL estimates over predictions based on soil temperature alone. We also evaluated the possibility that canopy production is less directly linked to RSOIL, by testing the hypothesis that intersite differences in RSOIL correlate more strongly with root biomass than with ANPP. We tested these hypotheses by measuring RSOIL, ANPP, and root biomass at four Iowa grasslands that differed in aboveground growth phenology and productivity. Among all sites, intra-annual variations in RSOIL were most strongly related to soil temperature (R 2 = 0.89), not ANPP (R 2 = 0.53). All sites responded identically to changes in soil temperature (site-by-temperature P = 0.53), but inconsistently to variation in aboveground dynamics (site-by-canopy P < 0.0001). Incorporating canopy dynamics into temperature-based predictive models improved model R 2 by a maximum of 0.01. Among-site differences in RSOIL were related to root biomass (P < 0.001) but not ANPP (P = 0.34). We found no useful linkage between canopy characteristics and intra-annual or sitespecific RSOIL predictions, perhaps because shoot and root dynamics were not consistently linked through time or among sites.
The Effects of an Interactive Multimedia Program on Teachers' Understanding and Implementation of an Inclusive Practice

The effects of an interactive multimedia program on teachers' understanding and implementation of an inclusive practice were examined. Fifty-eight preservice teachers and 10 inservice teachers were...
Synthesis and biological evaluation of O-[3-18F-fluoropropyl]-α-methyl tyrosine in mesothelioma-bearing rodents.

Radiolabeled tyrosine analogs enter cancer cells via upregulated amino acid transporter system and have been shown to be superior to 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) in differential diagnosis in cancers. In this study, we synthesized O-[3-19F-fluoropropyl]-α-methyl tyrosine (19F-FPAMT) and used manual and automated methods to synthesize O-[3-18F-fluoropropyl]-α-methyl tyrosine (18F-FPAMT) in three steps: nucleophilic substitution, deprotection of butoxycarbonyl, and deesterification. Manual and automated synthesis methods produced 18F-FPAMT with a radiochemical purity >96%. The decay-corrected yield of 18F-FPAMT by manual synthesis was 34% at end-of-synthesis (88 min). The decay-corrected yield of 18F-FPAMT by automated synthesis was 15% at end-of-synthesis (110 min). 18F-FDG and 18F-FPAMT were used for in vitro and in vivo studies to evaluate the feasibility of 18F-FPAMT for imaging rat mesothelioma (IL-45). In vitro studies comparing 18F-FPAMT with 18F-FDG revealed that 18F-FDG had higher uptake than that of 18F-FPAMT, and the uptake ratio of 18F-FPAMT reached the plateau after being incubated for 60 min. Biodistribution studies revealed that the accumulation of 18F-FPAMT in the heart, lungs, thyroid, spleen, and brain was significantly lower than that of 18F-FDG. There was poor bone uptake in 18F-FPAMT for up to 3 hrs suggesting its in vivo stability. The imaging studies showed good visualization of tumors with 18F-FPAMT. Together, these results suggest that 18F-FPAMT can be successfully synthesized and has great potential in mesothelioma imaging.
Adults With Reading Disabilities Converting a Meta-Analysis to Practice

This article reviews the results of a meta-analysis of the experimental published literature that compares the academic, cognitive, and behavioral performance of adults with reading disabilities (RD) with average achieving adult readers. The meta-analysis shows that deficits independent of the classification measures emerged for adults with RD on measures of vocabulary, math, spelling, and specific cognitive process related to naming speed, phonological processing, and verbal memory. The results also showed that adults with high verbal IQs (scores > 100) but low word recognition standard scores (< 90) yielded greater deficits related to their average reading counterparts when compared to studies that included adults with RD with verbal IQ and reading scores in the same low range. Implications of the findings related to assessment and intervention are discussed.
High-dimensional multivariate repeated measures analysis with unequal covariance matrices

In this paper, test statistics for repeated measures design are introduced when the dimension is large. By large dimension is meant the number of repeated measures and the total sample size grow together but either one could be larger than the other. Asymptotic distribution of the statistics is derived for the equal as well as unequal covariance cases in the balanced as well as unbalanced cases. The asymptotic framework considered requires proportional growth of the sample sizes and the dimension of the repeated measures in the unequal covariance case. In the equal covariance case, one can grow at much faster rate than the other. The derivations of the asymptotic distributions mimic that of Central Limit Theorem with some important peculiarities addressed with sufficient rigor. Consistent and unbiased estimators of the asymptotic variances, which make efficient use of all the observations, are also derived. Simulation study provides favorable evidence for the accuracy of the asymptotic approximation under the null hypothesis. Power simulations have shown that the new methods have comparable power with a popular method known to work well in low-dimensional situation but the new methods have shown enormous advantage when the dimension is large. Data from Electroencephalograph (EEG) experiment is analyzed to illustrate the application of the results.
Empirical Bayes Assessment of the Hyperparameters in Bayesian

Bayesian Factor Analysis was introduced by Press and Shigemasu (1989) (PS). For Bayesian analysis, the prior distribution permits the analyst to identify the model by bringing prior information about the model to bear. In PS, it was assumed that the parameters of the prior distribution, the hyperparameters, were known, or would be readily assessable from a preliminary principal components analysis. In this study, we provide an empirical Bayes (EB) way of assessing the hyperparameters from the current data, and we show, using the AIC and BIC criteria, that it improves upon the suggested assessment method of the PS model.
Recovery from use-dependent block of Vmax and restitution of action potential duration in canine cardiac Purkinje fibers.

The recovery kinetics during diastole of various plateau currents are thought to control the restitution of action potential duration (APD). Based on the assumption that the recovery of the residual plateau Na current parallels that of Vmax, the hypothesis that Na current recovery kinetics influence the restitution of APD was tested. Drugs that reduced Vmax in a use-dependent manner (tetrodotoxin 3 microM, lidocaine 15 microM, mexiletine 20 microM) were compared with interventions that reduced Vmax in a simply tonic fashion [( Na]o 75 mM, [K]o 6.5 mM, disopyramide 30 microM). Microelectrode techniques and programmed stimulation were used to determine in vitro the kinetics of restitution of APD and of time-dependent recovery of Vmax during rest. Tetrodotoxin, lidocaine and mexiletine induced a blockade of Vmax that showed partial or full time-dependent unblocking in accordance with the known use dependence of their blocking action. Dissipation of the time-dependent component of the block in each case followed a single exponential time course, time constants being 163 +/- 12, 115 +/- 12 and 121 +/- 20 ms, respectively. Analysis of the kinetics of the APD restitution curves showed that the time constant of the fast decaying exponential component of restitution (T1) was prolonged by these drugs from 129 +/- 5 in control fibers to 295 +/- 17, 235 +/- 11 and 242 +/- 26 ms for tetrodotoxin, lidocaine and mexiletine, respectively (P less than .05). Low [Na]o and disopyramide reduced Vmax in a simply tonic fashion and did not significantly prolong the T1 component of APD restitution.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
RAD‐seq phylogenomics recovers a well‐resolved phylogeny of a rapid radiation of mutualistic and antagonistic yucca moths

The interaction between yucca plants and yucca moths has been one of the focal model systems investigated in the study of pollination mutualism and coevolution, especially in terms of understanding the prevention of overexploitation by mutualist partners. Yuccas have the ability to assess the number of eggs placed by pollinators into their ovaries, and can preferentially abort those flowers that would have many moth larvae consuming yucca seeds. Previous phylogenetic research identified a rapid radiation of moth species that corresponded with shifts in the interaction with their host plants. These shifts led to the evolution of moth species that circumvent the egg detection method used by yuccas to limit seed damage. In particular, some pollinator species deposit their eggs so that they are undetectable by the plants, whereas other species are ‘cheaters’ that have lost the ability to pollinate, yet deposit eggs into developing fruit rather than flowers. The evolution of these new species happened so quickly that the phylogeny of the moths has remained unresolved despite repeated attempts with standard Sanger sequencing of mtDNA loci and AFLP marker generation. Here, we use extensive analyses of RAD-seq data to determine the phylogenetic relationships among yucca moth species. The results provide a robust phylogenetic framework that identifies the evolutionary relationships among shifts in egg-laying strategies, as well as determining the closest pollinating relatives to the cheater species. Based on the obtained phylogeny, a shift in egg-laying strategy that avoided the overexploitation regulatory mechanism used by yucca plants was a precursor for the evolution of two species with cheating behaviour.
Appficafion of PCR for testing a species-specific putative transcriptional regulator gene of Enterococcus faecalis

Objective To study the important value of specific putative transcriptional regulator gene(Ef 0027)in rapid and correct identification of E.faecalis.Methods 110 isolates of gram-positive cocci and 30 of gram-negative bacteria(including E.faecalis,E.faecium,E.durans,E.hirae,E.avium, S.pneumoniae,S.pyogenic,S.aureus,P.aeruginosa,E.coli,K.pneumonia and others)were selected and identified by Phoenix 100 and API system.Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the E.faecalis- specific gene(Ef 0027)respectively.Results The E.faecalis-specific gene(Ef 0027)was positive in 39 E.faecalis isolates and negative in other enterococcus species and other bacteria.Conclusion Detecting the E.faecalis-specific gene(Ef 0027)by polymerase chain reaction is an effective and rapid method in identification of E.faecalis.
Thought on the Establishment of Drug Safety Management Related Laws and Regulations for Pharmaceutical Retail Chain Enterprises

OBJECTIVE:To consider about the relevant laws and regulations in order to promote the drug safety management of pharmaceutical retail chain enterprises. METHODS:By literature review and expert interview,the defects of the current drug management laws and regulations were discussed. The relevant persons' attitude towards the importance of chain enterprises unified management and pharmaceutical care relevant provisions to drug safety management were investigated through questionnaire survey.RESULTS CONCLUSIONS:Current drug management laws and regulations have some defects:such as laws and regulations for pharmaceutical retail chain enterprise have not formulated;the regulations for standardizing retail chain franchise are absent.80% of respondents believe that unified quality management,unified purchase management and unified delivery management are very important to the safety management of drug quality;64.8% think that related regulations that pharmaceutical care in retail drugstore is very important to standardize pharmaceutical care. It is suggested to define the meaning of"drug retail chain"in the form of laws and regulations,establish and improve the regulations for pharmaceutical care in retail drugstore,strengthen and improve franchise laws and regulations,and encourage development of the local regulations of chain drugstores regulation.
10 EOSINOPHILIC MENINGITIS: AN UNRECOGNIZED ENTITY!

Introduction Eosinophilic meningitis (EM) is a syndrome characterized by the presence of greater than 10 percent eosinophils in the cerebrospinal fluid. It is rare in the U.S. with outbreaks only in travelers returning from endemic areas and therefore remains a less recognized entity. However, this case demonstrates the importance of being aware of potential etiologies of EM. Case Report This is a 4 year old black male with a history of sickle cell disease presenting with headaches. This was treated as a pain crisis, but worsened with development of focal neurologic deficits. An evaluation included a MRI/MRA, showing cerebellar edema, and a lumbar puncture revealing 55 percent eosinophils. Serologies for Toxocara canis, Toxoplasma, lymphocytic choriomeningitic virus, and Mycoplasma were negative. There was no history of travel, exposure to undercooked snails/mollusks or neurosurgical procedures. However, there was an exposure to rat and raccoon feces; therefore, serologies for Angiostrongylus cantonensis and Baylisascaris procyonis were sent and positive for the latter. Treatment with steroids and albendazole resulted in improvement of the patient9s symptoms and cerebrospinal fluid findings. Discussion The most common cause of EM in the pediatric population is ventriculoperitoneal shunts. Furthermore, parasitic etiologies should also be considered. First, Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a rat lung worm endemic to Southeast Asia and the Pacific Basin. Its larvae infect intermediate hosts like snails and mollusks through fecal contamination. Second, Baylisascaris procyonis is an ascarid parasite which is widely prevalent in raccoons and infects humans directly. After feco-oral contamination by humans, the larvae invade the meninges and die, eliciting a eosinophilic response. Furthermore, given the increasing peridomestication of raccoons, Baylisascaris procyonis poses a real threat to humans with potentially devastating sequelae. Clinical features include fever, headaches, visual disturbances, and neurologic deficits. Conclusion EM is a syndrome with multiple etiologies, including parasitic infections. Although rare, the worldwide prevelance of these organisms should have clinicians maintaining a high index of suspicion.
Contesting Structural Vulnerability through Reproductive Justice Activism with Latina Immigrants in California

Latina migrant women in California in the post 9/11 era experience structural vulnerability that extends beyond their undocumented status, residence in poor neighborhoods with gangs, employment in informal sector jobs to their reproductive bodies. Although unauthorized women may access prenatal health, often they are intimidated or are unaware, and face many barriers to accessing reproductive health related to language, transportation, or their low incomes and their ignorance about their bodies. Research on those migrants who do access reproductive health illustrates they experience subjectification in U.S. institutions and neglect and even obstetric violence in Mexican institutions. In this transnational context, the nonprofit organization, California Latinas for Reproductive Justice, has organized an Instituto de Autonomia y Justicia with outreach to Spanish-speaking Latina migrants. I argue that through health literacy training within a reproductive justice framework that weaves intersectionality and human rights, California Latinas for Reproductive Justice engages in the “feminist politics of translation.” They produce locally situated knowledge and pedagogies sensitive to the complexities of migrant Latinas’ lives. The diverse Latina participants begin a consciousness raising process that leads them to explore their own health practice and participate in policy advocacy for their communities. My analysis is based on ethnographic research that includes participant observation and interviews.
Ethical decision making in perinatal asphyxia

This article examines the difficulties of defining perinatal asphyxia. Once the central clinical concern is identified, the ethical questions become clearer. A variety of procedural and ethical issues also need to be considered; especially those related to how physicians introduce and dialogue with parents about difficult life and death decisions. Depending on how well this is accomplished, sound medical practice, parental autonomy and the patient's best interest issues can all be effectively addressed with a minimum of conflict.
Emerging market multinational companies’ evolutionary paths to building a competitive advantage from emerging markets to developed countries

Abstract One significant emerging phenomenon of global competition is the increasing number of Emerging Market Multinational Companies (EMNCs) that have survived and succeeded in the constraining institutional environments in their home turfs and are now participating in the global marketplace. However, despite the growing literature, our understanding of the factors that influence EMNCs’ competitive advantage is limited. We conduct a historical longitudinal analysis of sixteen companies originating from key emerging markets viz. India and China. Our findings suggest that EMNCs’ evolutionary paths to building competitive advantage from their home market to the developed countries is, on one-hand, based on the EMNCs’ ability to acquire resources and absorb them to build their own advantage. On the other hand, it is also based on EMNCs’ ability to find new market niches and to enhance their innovation capabilities to overcome the liability of emergingness.
Psychological factors in late-life suicide

A number of psychological factors influence late life suicide, including dysfunctional family and family history of suicide; relational problems throughout life; history of drinking; numerous losses in middle and late life such as the loss of power and control, loss of spouse, and loss of work role; and increasing mental health problems in late life. Depression, the most common mental disorder in later life, is a major precipitating factor in suicide. Alcoholism is another major precipitating factor in late-life suicide. Approximately one-third of all suicides are alcoholics. Many of the same factors which contribute to depression also increase the risk of alcoholism and/or suicide. Loss, stress, loneliness, low self-esteem, and feelings of anxiety, rejection, helplessness, and hopelessness characterize late life alcoholism and depression. Alcoholism, depression, and suicide form a deadly triangle. Family, caregivers, and practitioners need to be aware of the deadly relationship between alcoholism, depression, and suicide in older adults.
A Note on nedārî in Ex 15:6

It is argued that a longstanding crux interpretum can be solved by analyzing the final ī in nedāri (Ex 15:6) as a relic of the feminine morpheme * ī , which is found elsewhere in the Semitic languages. This analysis provides a further piece of evidence in favor of the early dating of Ex 15:1‐18.
¿Hasta qué punto cumplen los estados miembro con la legislación de la Unión Europea?: teoría y factores empíricos sobre el proceso de implementación

Tambien agradezco el apoyo recibido por el ministerio de economia y competitividad (Proyecto CSO2012-35554) que ha posibilitado poder llevar a cabo esta investigacion.
DNA Mismatch Repair in Mammals

Mutations, which are important for the evolution of genomes and impact disease progression, occur at similarly low rates in a variety of organisms. Mammalian genomes, comprised of billions of nucleotides, are replicated with exquisite precision during each cell cycle. The DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system serves as a spell checker to correct nucleotide misincorporations that escape detection by DNA polymerases. MMR improves the fidelity of DNA replication so that mutations occur only once in ~10 9 polymerization events. In the absence of MMR mutation, rates are increased by ~1000-fold. The vast majority of these mutations are base substitutions and small insertions/deletions that occur primarily in repetitive DNA. In humans, mutations in at least four MMR genes, inherited in an autosomal-dominant fashion, have been implicated in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). Mutations in MMR genes also lead to higher frequency of sporadic tumors in many tissue types through increases in spontaneous mutations. This article provides an overview of the MMR mechanism in mammalian cells, focusing on factors required for mismatch recognition and downstream steps, and interactions with the DNA replication machinery.
Visages de la paternité au Québec, 1900-1960

L’auteur poursuit une reflexion historique sur les peres et la paternite au Quebec entre 1900 et 1960, inspiree par l’historiographie internationale dans ce domaine et alimentee par quatre corpus des sources distincts et complementaires. S’inscrivant dans le cadre de cette reflexion et de cette recherche plus larges, son propos ici vise dans un premier temps a offrir une esquisse rapide d’un schema en trois « modeles » successifs – le pere pourvoyeur, le pere educateur et le nouveau pere – qui structurent, selon sa lecture, l’historiographie des peres au Quebec depuis le XIXe siecle. Par la suite, il propose le concept des « visages de la paternite » comme nouvelle grille d’analyse, empruntee aux historiens John Demos et Robert Rutherdale, qui favorise une interpretation plus riche, plus nuancee et moins lineaire de cette histoire. Au final, l’auteur puise dans deux corpus de sources, a savoir les recits de vie et les annonces publicitaires, pour demontrer a partir de quatre exemples (le pere spirituel, le pere disciplinaire, le pere prevoyant et le pere sportif) a quel point ce concept des visages permet de faire avancer la discussion. C’est dire en meme temps qu’il est necessaire et tres possible de situer les peres quebecois par rapport a une gamme de roles, d’attentes et de responsabilites dynamique dans le temps, variable dans l’espace social ou geographique et beaucoup plus vaste et complexe que generalement reconnue.
Using Twitter to Assess the Public Response to the United States Preventive Services Task Force Guidelines on Lung Cancer Screening with Low Dose Chest CT.

To use Twitter to assess the immediate public response to the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) 2013 draft guidelines on lung cancer screening with low-dose chest CT (LDCT). The number of tweets including the phrases “lung cancer screening,” “lung CT,” “chest CT,” “low dose computed tomography,” “low dose CT,” or “LDCT” was recorded for 6 days before and after guidelines release. A systematic sample of 172 tweets from the week following release was coded for user type, tweet opinion, linked article source, and article opinion. Following guidelines’ release, the number of daily tweets increased from 13 ± 8 to 311 ± 395. The 172 tweets in the week following release were tweeted by 166 unique users including: news organizations/online news gathering accounts (34.9%), general public (21.7%), physicians (12.0%, 6 radiologists), and businesses (11.4%). 23.3% of tweets provided opinion on the guidelines (50.0% favorable, 27.5% concerned toward screening). Most (91.3%) tweets contained links to a total of 46 unique articles, which were authored by lay press (41.3%), non-peer-reviewed medical press (32.6%), and hospital/medical practice websites (10.9%). Among these, 50.0% were favorable, citing mortality reduction (87.0%), published data supporting screening (50.0%), and early detection (43.5%), while 28.3% expressed concern, including false positives (58.9%) and radiation risk (39.1%). Twitter activity rose rapidly after the USPSTF draft guidelines on LDCT. Most users were non-physicians and frequently cited non-peer-reviewed articles. Users maintained an overall favorable view of screening, while expressing various concerns. Considerable opportunity exists for greater radiologist engagement in this online public dialog.
Pathway-Directed High Throughput Drug Screen Identifies PI3K Inhibitors That Synergistically Potentiate Anti-Tumor Activity of HDAC Inhibitors in Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary Syndrome

Abstract Introduction and Objectives: Mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome (MF/SS) represent a group of heterogeneous diseases. Recent studies demonstrated dysregulation of several signaling pathways in MF/SS, including PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT, RAS and NFkB pathways. We performed a high throughput drug screen to determine the potential of novel agents targeting these pathways for the treatment of MF/SS. Materials and Methods: We compiled a libraryof 94 compounds targeting pathways known to be relevant in cancer biology. These included kinases involved in growth factor receptor signaling, HDACs, proteasome, DNA repair and regulators of apoptosis. The compounds were screened for anti-proliferative activity against four MF/SS cell lines in high throughput proliferation assays. Selected hits were further studied in xenograft models of MF/SS and in primary T cell lymphomas. Promising candidates from different classes were also tested in combination therapy assays using a matrix block method across dose gradients of each compound designed to detect synergistic activities. Results: From the high throughput screen, we identified 14 compounds with anti-proliferative activity in MF/SS, including multiple inhibitors of the PI3K pathway. PI3K inhibitors emerged as preliminary hits in this screen and secondary validation assays confirmed the class effect of PI3K inhibitors. From this class, the PI3K inhibitor BKM120 was selected for in vivo studies. In a xenograft model of MF, BKM120 exhibited striking anti-tumor activity measured by a marked suppression of tumor growth and prolonged survival of tumor-bearing mice compared with vehicle control. In a search for even more effective combination therapies, we identified that BKM120 and the HDAC inhibitor class of compounds exhibit synergistic anti-proliferative effects in MF/SS tumor cells. Each of three HDAC inhibitors including LBH, Romidepsin and Vorinosat showed synergistic activity with BKM120, most evident at the GI50 concentrations of each drug, and apparent in both growth inhibition and apoptotic assays. Conclusion: BKM120 is highly active in preclinical models of MF/SS. Furthermore, it synergistically potentiates the effect of HDAC inhibitors against MF/SS tumor cells. These are highly promising approaches for the treatment of MF/SS and warrant clinical investigation. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
In Pursuit of the Lattice Vacancy 1990 MRS Fall Meeting Von Hippel Award Address

The Von Hippel Award is especially significant to me for several reasons. The name Von Hippel is legendary in the halls of Building 13 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where I have worked for the last 12 years. Professor Von Hippel was one of the first to appreciate the interdisciplinary nature of materials research and engineering, and his insulation laboratory at MIT provided an early prototype for the National Science Foundation-supported system of interdisciplinary materials research laboratories in existence today. These laboratories, both at MIT and earlier at Cornell, have helped me in my research in many ways over the years. Also I have been a recent councillor of the Materials Research Society and have been privileged to witness the phenomenal growth of MRS at first hand. The stature of the Von Hippel Award must be increasing at least in proportion to this growth. I, therefore, feel very honored and grateful indeed! I would also like to add that much of my work has been done in collaboration with valued colleagues and students. They deserve a substantial share of this award. Over the years, my research has been devoted mainly to the experimental study of crystal defects and their behavior. These defects can be classified according to their dimensionality as shown in the accompanying table, and they are involved in one way, or another, with a host of phenomena in crystalline materials. Since I address a rather diverse audience, it might be appropriate to discuss some of the history of lattice vacancy research and some of the details of my personal contribution to it.
FlatFIT: Accelerated Incremental Sliding-Window Aggregation For Real-Time Analytics

Data stream processing is becoming essential in most current advanced scientific or business applications as data production rates are increasing. Different companies compete to efficiently ingest high velocity data and apply some form of computation in order to make better business decisions. In order to successfully compete in this environment, companies are focusing on the most recent data within a count or time-based window by continuously executing aggregate queries on it. Incremental sliding-window computation is commonly used to avoid the performance implications of re-evaluating the aggregate value of the window from scratch on every update. The state-of-the-art FlatFAT technique executes ACQs with high efficiency but it does not scale well with the increasing workloads. In this paper we propose a novel algorithm, FlatFIT, that accelerates such calculations by intelligently maintaining index structures, leading to higher reuse of intermediate calculations and thus exceptional scalability in systems with heavy workloads. Our theoretical analysis shows that FlatFIT is superior in both time and space complexities compared to FlatFAT, while maintaining the same query generality. Given a window of size n, FlatFIT achieves constant algorithmic complexity compared to O(log(n)) complexity of FlatFAT. We experimentally show that FlatFIT achieves up to a 17x throughput improvement over FlatFAT for the same input workload while using less memory.
Abstract 17241: Electrocardiographic Left Atrial Abnormalities and Risk of Stroke in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation

Introduction: Mounting evidence suggests that left atrial (LA) structural remodeling plays an important role in the mechanism of stroke in patients with a history of atrial fibrillation (AF). We evaluated the association among the severity of LA abnormality on electrocardiogram (ECG), the severity of LA structural remodeling by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), and a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack in patients with AF referred for catheter ablation. Methods: A total of 229 consecutive patients (age 60±10 years, 72% male) referred for catheter ablation of AF who were in sinus rhythm at the time of pre-ablation ECG recording and CMR were included, with (n=21; the stroke group) and without (n=208; control group) a history of stroke or TIA. The severity of LA abnormality on ECG was quantified from the P wave terminal force in lead V 1 (PTFV 1 ). Results: In the stroke group, PTFV 1 was significantly higher compared with the control group (8,107±5,921 vs. 4,865±3,205μV*ms; p 2 ) and decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (%) were associated with an increase in PTFV 1 (47.7 and 74,1μV*ms; p=0.027 and 0.005, respectively). Multivariable analysis demonstrated that the PTFV 1 and LA emptying fraction were associated with a history of stroke (odds ratio 1.23 and 0.94; p=0.002 and 0.037, respectively) after adjusting for the CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score and the LA minimum volume. Conclusions: PTFV 1 is an independent marker of stroke, and provides an incremental value to the CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score in patients with AF. Evaluation of LA abnormalities by 12-lead ECG may improve the current risk stratification of stroke in patients with AF.
Chemometric Methods to Quantify 1D and 2D NMR Spectral Differences Among Similar Protein Therapeutics

NMR spectroscopy is an emerging analytical tool for measuring complex drug product qualities, e.g., protein higher order structure (HOS) or heparin chemical composition. Most drug NMR spectra have been visually analyzed; however, NMR spectra are inherently quantitative and multivariate and thus suitable for chemometric analysis. Therefore, quantitative measurements derived from chemometric comparisons between spectra could be a key step in establishing acceptance criteria for a new generic drug or a new batch after manufacture change. To measure the capability of chemometric methods to differentiate comparator NMR spectra, we calculated inter-spectra difference metrics on 1D/2D spectra of two insulin drugs, Humulin R® and Novolin R®, from different manufacturers. Both insulin drugs have an identical drug substance but differ in formulation. Chemometric methods (i.e., principal component analysis (PCA), 3-way Tucker3 or graph invariant (GI)) were performed to calculate Mahalanobis distance (D M) between the two brands (inter-brand) and distance ratio (D R) among the different lots (intra-brand). The PCA on 1D inter-brand spectral comparison yielded a D M value of 213. In comparing 2D spectra, the Tucker3 analysis yielded the highest differentiability value (D M = 305) in the comparisons made followed by PCA (D M = 255) then the GI method (D M = 40). In conclusion, drug quality comparisons among different lots might benefit from PCA on 1D spectra for rapidly comparing many samples, while higher resolution but more time-consuming 2D-NMR-data-based comparisons using Tucker3 analysis or PCA provide a greater level of assurance for drug structural similarity evaluation between drug brands.
Wind–sea surface temperature–sea ice relationship in the Chukchi–Beaufort Seas during autumn

Dramatic climate changes, especially the largest sea ice retreat during September and October, in the Chukchi–Beaufort Seas could be a consequence of, and further enhance, complex air–ice–sea interactions. To detect these interaction signals, statistical relationships between surface wind speed, sea surface temperature (SST), and sea ice concentration (SIC) were analyzed. The results show a negative correlation between wind speed and SIC. The relationships between wind speed and SST are complicated by the presence of sea ice, with a negative correlation over open water but a positive correlation in sea ice dominated areas. The examination of spatial structures indicates that wind speed tends to increase when approaching the ice edge from open water and the area fully covered by sea ice. The anomalous downward radiation and thermal advection, as well as their regional distribution, play important roles in shaping these relationships, though wind-driven sub-grid scale boundary layer processes may also have contributions. Considering the feedback loop involved in the wind–SST–SIC relationships, climate model experiments would be required to further untangle the underlying complex physical processes.
Wound infection after inpatient pediatric skin biopsy.

Punch and shave biopsies are important dermatologic procedures in the inpatient setting but have a risk of wound infection. Data on the incidence of infection in this setting are limited and conflicting. This retrospective study of 127 pediatric inpatients at two tertiary care centers who underwent biopsy demonstrated a low overall risk of infection (n = 1, 0.8%). Twenty-five (19.7%) were neutropenic, and 51 (40.2%) were not taking systemic antibiotics at the time of biopsy; none of these patients developed a wound infection. The overall low rate of infection should reassure physicians who are balancing the risks and benefits of performing a skin biopsy in children in the inpatient setting and suggests that physicians should not defer clinically indicated biopsies because of concern about infection.