cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Pedagogy In Vietnamese International Schools

PEDAGOGY IN VIETNAMESE INTERNATIONAL SCHOOLS By Robert Matthew Wilson A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Fine Arts at Virginia Commonwealth University. Virginia Commonwealth University, 2011. Major Director: Dr. Noreen C. Barnes, Director of Graduate Studies, Theatre This thesis is a look at the evolutionary journey of applying dramatic pedagogy in a foreign land. It does not by any means specifically pertain to theatrical elements, but everything herein is a direct reflection on the training I received as a theatre practitioner. The last four years have also molded and defined what it means to be an American theatre student living, experiencing, and working in a land that is in many senses in infancy as a nation.
M. Ohsaki and K. Ikeda, Stability and optimization of structures: generalized sensitivity analysis, mechanical engineering series

This book is the first monograph that comprehensively presents how the stability theory and optimization methods should be successfully married for “optimization of geometrically-nonlinear structure under stability constraint,” which is a fast-growing branch of application of both structural and mechanical engineering, and of applied mathematics. One important aspect of this book is that it first serves as a bridge connecting studies of elastic stability in computational mechanics and in applied mathematics. A wider and deeper insight into optimization-based and computerassisted stability design of discrete structures, which is based on the unified approach to parameter sensitivity analysis of finite-dimensional structures, is presented in most readable and illustrative form for graduate students of engineering and for applied mathematicians as well as the professional structural and mechanical engineers. Another important aspect in optimization against buckling is that optimized structures often become unfavorable (as Michael J. Thompson warned) by the ‘danger of naive optimization,’ through the inevitable presence of initial imperfections that arise from errors in manufacturing processes, material defects, and other causes. This book provides all of us with wonderful news: Through investigation of imperfection sensitivity, worst imperfection, and random imperfection based on the concrete theoretical framework, it is demonstrated
Resisting "Utmost Resistance": Using Rape Trauma Syndrome to Combat Underlying Rape Myths Influencing Acquaintance Rape Trials

Susan Ehrlich's book examines the linguistic practices of acquaintance rape trials. She contends that the proceedings are framed by the ideology of the "utmost resistance standard." This ideology, as represented in the language of a rape trial, tries to reconstruct strategic acts into consensual sex. Ehrlich suggests that by viewing the events and the participants in a rape trial through an alternate ideology-one informed by the cultural knowledge of women's social and physical vulnerability to sexual violence-alternative forms of agency and notions of gender can be understood. This Book Review examines the role of rape myths in acquaintance rape trials and explores how Rape Trauma Syndrome can foster alternative ideologies in the courtroom. In her book, Representing &pe: Language and Sexual Consent, Susan Ehrlich analyzes the language of a rape trial to show how culturally dominant notions about violence against women penetrate and circulate within the rhetoric of sexual assault adjudication processes.1 Ehrlich examines both a Canadian university'S tribunal trial and a Canadian criminal law trial of the same male student accused of two separate instances of sexual assault.2 She asserts that ideologies embedded in the questioning of adjudicators and lawyers serve to shape rape trials in such a way that the outcome of a trial is prescribed by these ideologies.3 Ehrlich further contends that her analysis departs * Staff Writer, BOSTON COLLEGE THIRD WORLD LAw JOURNAL (2001-2002). 1 SUSAN EHRLICH, REPRESENTING RAPE: LANGUAGE AND SEXUAL CONSENT 2 (2001). 2 See id. at 31-32. 5 See id. at 91-92.
Molecular analysis of the SNF8 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Mutations in the SNF8 gene impair derepresson of the SUC2 gene, encoding invertase, in response to glucose limitation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We report here the cloning of the SNF8 gene by complementation. Sequence analysis predicts a 26 936-dalton product. Disruption of the chromosomal locus caused a five-fold decrease in invertase derepression, defective growth on raffinose, and a sporulation defect in homozygous diploids. Genetic analysis of the interactions of the snf8 null mutation with spt6/ssn20 and ssn6 suppressors distinguished SNF8 from the groups, SNF1, SNF4 and SNF2, SNF5, SNF6. Notably, the snf8 ssn6 double mutants were extremely sick. Mutations of SNF8 and SNF7 showed similar phenotypes and genetic interactions, and the double mutant combination caused no additional phenotypic impairment. These findings suggest that SNF7 and SNF8 are functionally related. The complete nucleotide sequence of SNF8 has been deposited in GenBank under accession number U10361.
Poster abstract: Finding abnormal data in vehicular cyber physical systems

In this work, we study an abnormal traffic data detection scheme for vehicular CPS, in which outlier detection algorithm is used to identify abnormal data in vehicular CPS. Experimental results on actual vehicular CPS data show that the scheme can efficiently identify the abnormal traffic data in the vehicular CPS datasets.
Local shopping as a strategy for reducing automobile travel

Suburban development in the US is widely criticized for its contribution to automobile dependence and its consequences. Not surprisingly, then, a return to more urban-style development, where potential destinations are closer to home, is often put forth as a strategy for reducing automobile dependence. This paper evaluates the possibility that providing local shopping opportunities will help to reduce automobile dependence by exploring how residents of existing neighborhoods make use of the local shopping opportunities currently available to them. Using both quantitative and qualitative evidence for six neighborhoods in Austin, TX, we address two sets of questions. First, to what degree do residents choose local shopping over more distant opportunities and why? What are the implications for vehicle travel? Second, to what degree do residents choose to walk rather than drive to local shopping and why? What are the implications for vehicle travel? The results of this exploration suggest that local shopping will not prove a particularly effective strategy for reducing automobile dependence in the typical US city by either reducing travel distances or encouraging alternative modes of travel. Residents of such places choose more distant stores enough of the time that they increase total driving significantly, and they don't choose alternative modes enough of the time that they reduce total driving significantly. But while local shopping may not do much to reduce driving it does give residents the option to drive less and this option is something residents clearly value. Local shopping does not show great promise as a strategy for reducing automobile use, but it does show promise as a strategy for enhancing quality of life in neighborhoods, at least partly by making driving once again a matter of choice.
Imagine: Universalism without Empire

Visions of World Community. By Bartelson Jens. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. 215 pp., $31.00 paperback (ISBN 978-0-521-75667-9). How is it possible to think of a world community without evoking the specter of world empire? Jens Bartelson is not one to shy away from the most central dilemmas posed by international relations to modern political thought, and he has built an impressive record publishing learned genealogies and interpretations of core texts and concepts in the Western canon as it is applied to the study and, indeed, the making, of world politics. That Bartelson is willing to tackle big, central concepts rather than chipping away at things from the margins is amply evidenced by his first book, not-so-humbly titled, A Genealogy of Sovereignty (1995). He is one of a generation of scholars inspired by the work of Nicholas Greenwood Onuf (to whom the book under review is appropriately dedicated) and a select few other scholars who brought sustained engagement with political philosophy and intellectual history into a field which, in the United States at least, was long dominated by behavioralist and positivist social science. Visions of World Community , despite being a slim volume, is an ambitious critical reconstruction of intellectual history. Bartelson endeavors to show that our experience of the seemingly “inescapable tension between particularistic and universalistic accounts of human association” is the product “of a successful nationalization of the concept of community itself” (pp. 3–4). The fusion of community and nation, and the construction of political identity that flows from this fusion, yields a vision of a segmented world where the possibility of realizing the bonds of sociability among nations in any sustainable way is perpetually undermined by what we in International Relations (IR) parochially know as the security dilemma, or the absence of world government. Such global segmentation has not only constitutively shaped the practice of international relations; according to Bartelson, it has also stifled our …
WWOX, the FRA16D gene, behaves as a suppressor of tumor growth

We recently reported the cloning of WWOX, a gene that maps to the common fragile site FRA16D region in chromosome 16q23.3-24.1. It was observed that the genomic area spanned by WWOX is affected by chromosomal translocations and homozygous deletions. Furthermore, the high incidence of allelic loss in breast, ovarian, prostate, and other cancers affecting this region suggests that WWOX is a candidate tumor suppressor gene. Expression of WWOX is highly variable in breast cancer cell lines, with some cases showing low or undetectable levels of expression. In this report, we demonstrate that ectopic WWOX expression strongly inhibits anchorage-independent growth in soft agar of breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-435 and T47D. Additionally, we observed that WWOX induces a dramatic inhibition of tumorigenicity of MDA-MB-435 breast cancer cells when tested in vivo. We also detected the common occurrence of aberrant WWOX transcripts with deletions of exons 5-8 or 6-8 in various carcinoma cell lines, multiple myeloma cell lines, and primary breast tumors. These aberrant mRNA forms were not detected in normal tissues. Interestingly, we further observed that proteins encoded by such aberrant transcripts display an abnormal nuclear localization in contrast to the wild-type WWOX protein that localizes to the Golgi system. Our data indicate that WWOX behaves as a potent suppressor of tumor growth and suggest that abnormalities affecting this gene at the genomic and transcriptional level may be of relevance in carcinogenesis.
Shared medical appointments for patients with diabetes: Glycemic reduction in high-risk patients

AbstractPurpose:To assess the impact on glycemic control (A1c, %) in a primary care urban Veterans Affairs (VA) shared medical appointments (SMAs).Data sources:A retrospective pretest/posttest study included all patients who had attended ≥1 SMA from 4/06 to 12/10. A1cs 810 days pre- and postinitial
Simultaneous Blur Identification And Image Restoration Using The EM Algorithm

Algorithms for the simultaneous identification of the blur and the restoration of a noisy blurred image are presented in this paper. The original image and the additive noise are modeled as zero-mean Gaussian random processes, which are characterized by their covariance matrices. The covariance matrices are unknown parameters. The blurring process is specified by its point spread function, which is also unknown. Maximum likelihood estimation is used to find these unknown parameters. In turn, the EM algorithm is exploited to find the maximum likelihood estimates. In applying the EM algorithm, the original image is chosen to be part of the complete data; its estimate, which represents the restored image, is computed in the E-step of the EM iterations. Explicit iterative expressions are derived for the estimation of relevant parameters. Experiments with simulated and photographically blurred images are shown.
Isolation of microsatellite loci from endangered members of Lotus (Fabaceae) subgenus Syrmatium

Lotus subgenus Syrmatium is a group of 11 plant species that exhibit extensive ecological and morphological diversity throughout the California floristic province. Fifteen polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated from two taxa, Lotus argophyllus var. adsurgens and L. dendroideus var. traskiae, and were screened for variability in 15 additional taxa within Lotus subgenus Syrmatium. Moderate levels of variability were observed with mean numbers of alleles per locus ranging from 1.3 to 7.3. The mean observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.09 to 0.47 and 0.10 to 0.79, respectively. These new loci will be useful in conservation genetic and evolutionary studies within Lotus subgenus Syrmatium.
Use of Shock Waves to Measure Adhesion at Interfaces

The central problem in the study of composite materials is the adhesive strength of the electronic bond between reinforcement and matrix. We have introduced a unique method of measuring the interface bond strength of a wide variety of engineering interfaces (e.g. metal/ceramic, semiconductor/metal, metal/polymer). Specimens are composed of a relatively thin overlayer on a thick substrate. The specimens are shocked using a magnetic hammer which accelerates a thin metal flyer onto the substrate. The shock, upon reflection at the free surface, is incident on the bonded interface as a tensile wave, spalling the overlayer. The method is unique in using free surface velocity measurements to determine the interface stress at the instant of separation. The debonding process is sufficiently rapid (on the order of 1.0 ns) that debonding occurs by the simultaneous breaking of atomic bonds, rather than by propagation of cracks nucleating at stress concentrations near existing flaws.
A game-theoretic parameter configuration technique for aquifer restoration design

Abstract The problem of designing an active hydraulic system for remediation of a polluted aquifer is addressed for the case when parameters are not known with certainty. The design problem is cast as a game in which the protagonist-designer is pitted against an antagonist which alters the values of the uncertain parameters, within prescribed limits, so as to render the engineered system most ineffective. A solution method for the antagonist's problem, referred to as the parameter configuration technique (PCT), is developed and discussed in this paper. This technique selects spatially dependent values of the distributed parameter, transmissivity, such that the pattern of variation represents a pessimistic (but realistic) set of design conditions. The task of finding the “worst” set of parameter values is cast as a constrained optimization problem whose objective function is to thwart the remedial action design to the greatest degree possible. A rudimentary objective function is arbitrarily specified by the researchers. Several types of feasibility constraints restrict the distribution of parameter values to those combinations that are “realistic.” One type limits the variogram, another type, the mean, and a third type, the trend, of the log transmissivity. The resulting optimization problem is ill-behaved; difficulty was encountered obtaining a mathematically optimal solution. However, it may not always be necessary to find such a mathematically optimal solution in order to derive practical utility from the results. Two special heuristic techniques for obtaining a near-optimal solution are discussed. The technique is applied to a hypothetical contaminated aquifer with a simple single-extraction well flushing system. The solution is compared to a Monte Carlo approach applied to the same aquifer. The required pumping rate for a pessimistic parameter set generated by the new technique is about the same as the second largest of 100 Monte Carlo realizations.
Managing risk in a technical society: the Tanner Bill in California.

Abstract Previously, I spoke about an increasing interest in the health effects of chemicals, and that this should be of concern to all industries. The subjects of particular concern are, of course, cancer, carcinogens in the environment, and the adverse publicity and fear they are developing in the population. EPA has been working on a definition for carcinogenesis, and now the California Department of Health Services is formulating its own definition because it does not consider EPA's definition adequate. Industry is becoming more and more aware of the situation, and is taking steps to counter the trend toward public fear, increased regulation, and unreasonable reporting by the communications media. The industry includes not only the chemical companies, but also the power, agriculture, food, and others. I do not believe that the refrigeration industry is aware of this increasing problem, but most certainly it should know what is going on. The California State Chamber of Commerce is certainly interested, and has created committees to study and develop means of counteracting the trend.
On the Ethical Treatment of ESL Writers.

E As ever-increasing numbers of nonnative speakers of English enroll in Ist-year writing classes in colleges and universities in North America, questions about how to deal with these students have become more frequent, important, and urgent. In an attempt to address some of these questions, researchers who focus on L2 writing have generated a fairly large body of scholarship and commentary on a great number of relevant theoretical and practical issues. However, I believe that one area that needs further exploration is the matter of the ethics (that is, a system or code of conduct) employed in the treatment of ESL writers. Therefore, I would like to present my thinking on this issue, which is based on the notion of respect, for it is my belief that an instructional program that does not respect its students is primed for failure and almost certain to engender resentment. In this article, I draw on my understanding of the existing L2 writing research as well as my own experience in teaching ESL writers and administering ESL writing programs. My aim is not to preach or to attempt to reveal any transcendent truths but to provoke thought and discussion.1 In my view, there are four basic ways in which ESL writers need to be respected: they need to be (a) understood, (b) placed in suitable learning contexts, (c) provided with appropriate instruction, and (d) evaluated fairly.
MRI assessment of ischemic liver after intraportal islet transplantation.

Background—There is a recent focus on embolization of the portal vein by transplanted islets as a major cause of early graft loss. The resultant ischemia causes necrosis and/or apoptosis of cells within the liver. Thus, non-invasive assessment of the liver receiving the islet transplant is important to evaluate the status islet grafts. Methods—In this study, we utilized non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessment of the post-transplant ischemic liver. Syngeneic islets in streprozotocin-induced diabetic mice were utilized. MRI and morphological liver assessments were performed at 0, 2, and 28 days after transplantation. Histological assessment of insulin, hypoxia induced factor 1-α and apoptosis were undertaken at similar time-points. Results—Ischemic/necrotic regions in the liver were detected with MRI at 2 but not at 28 days after transplantation and were confirmed histologically. Liver injury was quantified from high intensity areas on T2-weighted images. Insulin release showed a peak 2 days after transplantation. Conclusion—Onset and reversal of liver ischemia due to intraportal islet transplantation are detectable using T2-weighted MRI. These changes coincide with periods of maximum insulin release likely due to partial islet destruction. We propose that MRI, as a noninvasive monitor of graft-related ischemia, may be useful in assessment of liver and islet engraftment after intraportal islet transplantation in a clinical setting.
Approximate theory of multiway block designs

Optimality properties of multiway block designs are deduced from the general results of J. Kiefer's approximate-design theory. In the model with additive effects these optimality properties solely depend on the two-dimensional marginals of the designs. Uniform designs, and designs whose two-dimensional marginals are products of the one-dimensional marginals, are shown to be optimal. Approximate Youden designs are introduced for the case when the support sets of the two-dimensional marginals are prescribed in advance. They are optimal in a relatively small class of competing designs only. On se sert de la theorie des plans approximatifs de Kiefer pour deduire certaines proprietes ďoptimalite des plans de blocs pluridimensionnels. Dans le cadre ďun modele a effets additifs, ces proprietes optimales ne dependent que des marges bidimensionnelles des plans ďexperience. On montre que les plans uniformes sont optimaux, de měme que les plans dont les marges bidimensionnelles sont des produits de marges a une dimension. On introduit des plans approximatifs de Youden dans le cas ou les supports des marges bidimensionnelles sont prescrits a ľavance. Ces derniers ne sont optimaux que par rapport a une classe relativement petite de plans rivaux.
Mutational analysis of conserved residues of the beta-subunit of human farnesyl:protein transferase

The roles of 11 conserved amino acids of the beta-subunit of human farnesyl:protein transferase (FTase) were examined by performing kinetic and biochemical analyses of site-directed mutants. This biochemical information along with the x-ray crystal structure of rat FTase indicates that residues His-248, Arg-291, Lys-294, and Trp-303 are involved with binding and utilization of the substrate farnesyl diphosphate. Our data confirm structural evidence that amino acids Cys-299, Asp-297, and His-362 are ligands for the essential Zn2+ ion and suggest that Asp-359 may also play a role in Zn2+ binding. Additionally, we demonstrate that Arg-202 is important for binding the essential C-terminal carboxylate of the protein substrate.
Plasmonic Field Effect on the Hexacyanoferrate (III)-Thiosulfate Electron Transfer Catalytic Reaction on Gold Nanoparticles: Electromagnetic or Thermal?

The rate of the catalytic reaction between hexacyanoferrate (III) and thiosulfate on gold nanoparticles is found to increase when irradiated with light in resonance with surface plasmon absorption of the gold nanoparticles. Turning on the plasmonic field by turning on light at the surface plasmon extinction band wavelength could increase the rate by one of two possible mechanisms. In the first one, the electromagnetic field could change its radiative or nonradiative electron transfer process (Mechanism I). In the other mechanism (Mechanism II), the strongly absorbed light by the gold nanoparticles is rapidly converted from light energy into heat energy that increases the temperature of the medium and increases the reaction rate. In order to determine which mechanism the plasmonic catalytic effect follows, we determined the activation energy of the reaction by heating the reaction solution via two different methods: irradiation at the surface plasmon resonance of the gold catalyst and by direct heating in ...
MAPPING PATTERNS OF CPG ISLAND METHYLATION IN NORMAL AND NEOPLASTIC CELLS IMPLICATES BOTH UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM REGIONS IN DE NOVO METHYLATION

Abstract Promoter region CpG island methylation is associated with tumor suppressor gene silencing in neoplasia. GenBank sequence analyses revealed that a number of CpG islands are juxtaposed to multiple Alu repeats, which have been proposed as “de novo methylation centers.” These islands also contain multiple Sp1 elements located upstream and downstream of transcription start, which have been shown to protect CpG islands from methylation. We mapped the methylation patterns of the E-cadherin(E-cad) and von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene CpG island regions in normal and neoplastic cells. Although unmethylated in normal tissue, these islands were embedded between densely methylated flanking regions containing multiple Alu repeats. These methylated flanks were segregated from the unmethylated, island CpG sites by Sp1-rich boundary regions. Finally, in human fibroblasts overexpressing DNA methyltransferase, de novomethylation of the E-cad CpG island initially involved sequences at both ends of the island and the adjacent, flanking regions and progressed with time to encompass the entire CpG island region. Together, these data suggest that boundaries exist at both ends of a CpG island to maintain the unmethylated state in normal tissue and that these boundaries may be progressively overridden, eliciting thede novo methylation associated with tumor suppressor gene silencing in neoplasia.
INSTABILITY OF A RELATIVISTICALLY STRONG ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE OF CIRCULAR POLARIZATION.

We demonstrate that a circularly polarized electromagnetic wave propagating through a cold plasma and strong enough to make electrons relativistic (${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{0}\ensuremath{\equiv}\frac{e{E}_{0}}{{m}_{e}c{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{0}}\ensuremath{\gtrsim}1$) is subject to a new pinching type of instability. The linearized equations are solved exactly, without the necessity of introducing an infinite determinant. This allows our results to describe the transition from nonrelativistic to extreme-relativistic electron motion. In the relativistic limit, the growth rates are as high as $0.47{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{0}$.
Designing a gas foamed scaffold for keratoprosthesis

Abstract Artificial corneas or keratoprostheses are intended to replace diseased or damaged cornea in the event that vision cannot be restored using donor cornea tissue. A new class of artificial cornea comprising a combination of poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and poly (methyl methacrylate) was developed which was fabricated using a gas foaming technique. Referred to as the gas-foamed KPro, it was designed to permit clear vision and secure host biointegration to facilitate long-term stability of the device. In vitro assessments show cell growth into the body of the porous edge or skirt of the gas-foamed KPro. The optically transparent center (i.e., core) of the device demonstrates 85 – 90% of light transmittance in the 500 – 700 nm wavelength range. Mechanical tensile data indicates that the gas-foamed KPro is mechanically stable enough to maintain its structure in the ocular environment and also during implantation. The gas-foamed KPro may provide an alternate option for cornea replacement that minimizes post implantation tissue melting, thereby achieving long-term stability in the ocular environment.
A new approach to the solution of the l/sub 1/ control problem: the scaled-Q method

We explore an approach for solving multiple input-multiple output (MIMO) l/sub 1/ optimal control problems. This approach, which we refer to as the scaled-Q approach, is introduced to alleviate many of the difficulties facing the numerical solution of optimal l/sub 1/ control problems. In particular, the computations of multivariable zeros and their directions are no longer required. The scaled-Q method also avoids the pole-zero cancellation difficulties that existing methods based on zero-interpolation face when attempting to recover the optimal controller from an optimal closed-loop map. Because the scaled-Q approach is based on solving a regularized auxiliary problem for which the solution is always guaranteed to exist, it can be used no matter where the system zeros are (including the stability boundary). Upper and lower bounds that converge to the optimal cost are provided, and all solutions are based on finite dimensional linear programming for which efficient software exists.
Immunoreactive parathyroid hormone levels in platyrrhini and catarrhini: A comparative analysis with three different assays.

Serum concentrations of the hormonal form of vitamin D3-1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2-D3]-are elevated in many genera of platyrrhines when compared to catarrhines; this elevation is presumed to result from a decrease in the ability of the target cell receptor effectively to recognize 1,25-(OH)2-D3. The activity of the renal 25-hydroxyvitumin D3-1α-hydroxylase, the mammalian enzyme which synthesizes the majority of the circulating 1,25-(OH)2-D3, is accelerated by parathyroid hormone (PTH). In order to determine whether the elevated serum concentrations of 1,25-(OH)2-D3 in platyrrhines were the result of relative hyperparathyroidism, we measured serum levels of immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH) in normocalcemic platyrrhines, catarrhines, and human subjects with assays that recognize different domains of the human PTH molecule. Antisera directed against the biologically active, aminoterminus of PTH yielded comparable mean values for iPTH among three test groups. The mean concentration of iPTH as assessed by a "proximal" midregion assay was significantly reduced in platyrrhine serum when compared to either human or catarrhine serum. A "distal" midregion assay yielded a reduced mean value for iPTH in both platyrrhine and catarrhine serum when compared to human serum. These data suggest that 1) high circulating levels of 1,25-(OH)2-D3 in New World primates are not the result of hyperparathyroidism; and 2) structural homology between human and primate PTH diminishes progressively as one moves toward the carboxyterminus of the molecule and is lost more rapidly in the platyrrhine than in the catarrhine hormone.
Polarographic and electrochemical studies of some aromatic and heterocyclic nitro compounds: Part VI. Polarographic, voltammetric, and controlled potential reduction of ortho‐nitrobenzaldehyde anthranil

In acidic media, at pH 7, the arylhydroxylamine (II) condenses to form a nitrone, which is further reduced in two two-electron waves, corresponding to the cleavage of the N-O bond and reduction of the azomethine bond. At pH 7, formation of anthranil (III) from II is a relatively slow process: in cyclic voltammetry (CV) and d.c. polarography, II is further reduced to IV; in controlled potential electrolysis at a mercury pool electrode, the same products are obtained at 0° C, but at 25° C, III is the predominant product.
Baculovirus Late Expression Factors

Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus, or AcMNPV, is the type member of the baculoviruses, a family of double-stranded DNA viruses with large circular genomes. The successive and concomitant expression of an assortment of early, late and very late genes is instrumental for successful baculovirus infection, and requires a switch from early dependence on a host cell-derived polymerase II to a novel virus-encoded RNA polymerase that is required for transcription later on in infection. A series of repetitive and highly conserved sequences known as homologous regions, or hrs, function both as origins of DNA replication as well as transcriptional enhancers of late gene expression. An array of AcMNPV genes produced early on in infection, known as late expression factors, or LEFs, are essential for both replication and late gene expression. In this review, an overview of baculovirus LEFs and their roles in viral replication and late gene expression is presented. The role of LEFs in determining baculovirus host range is described. Finally, we compare baculovirus replication and transcription machinery with other viral systems.
Unbalanced Power in Four-Wire Systems and Its Reactive Compensation

Unbalanced power of three-phase stationary linear loads with a neutral conductor, supplied with sinusoidal symmetrical voltages and its reactive compensation, is the subject of this paper. A novel power equation of such loads is developed. The suggested power equation is based on the decomposition of the load current into Current Physical Components (CPC). This paper shows that all powers can be expressed in terms of the load parameters and this creates fundamentals for design of balancing reactive compensators capable of improving the power factor to unity. A reactive balancing compensator is composed, in general, of two compensators in the $\Delta$ and Y configuration. This paper presents a method of calculation of LC parameters of such a compensator using the CPC-based power theory.
The crystal structure of D-glucaro-1,4-lactone monohydrate

Abstract In the crystal structure of D-glucaro-1,4-lactone monohydrate, C6H8O7·H2O, the molecules have the E3 lactone-ring conformation, with a small distortion of the ring to 3T2. The α-hydroxycarboxylic acid side-chain is axial, with the HOCC=O torsion angle within 6° of cis-planar. The orientation of the side-chain is such that the hydroxyl group lies over the lactone ring, which is the same conformation as is reported to preponderate in solution. Calculations of non-bonding repulsion energy show that this conformation corresponds to an energy minimum, although comparable minima can also be obtained with the ring in the alternative 3E conformation. The lactone and water molecules are hydrogen-bonded to form layers two molecules,wide, separated by Van der Waals interactions. One of the water hydrogen atoms is involved in a weak, bifurcated hydrogen-bond.
ATTITUDE CHANGE TOWARD A THEORY OF MANAGERIAL MOTIVATION

The article discusses a study conducted in a senior level class at California State College in San Bernardino, California in 1972. The eleven students were asked to complete the Miner Sentence Comp...
γ-Glutamylcysteine synthetase from erythrocytes

gamma-Glutamylcysteine synthetase was isolated by means of a three-step method in highly active (specific activity, about 1400 units/mg) and apparently homogeneous form from rat erythrocytes. The enzyme has a molecular weight of about 100,000, and is composed of two subunits (Mr approximately 75,000 and 25,000). The erythrocyte enzyme exhibits physicochemical, catalytic, and immunological properties that closely resemble those displayed by rat kidney gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. The isolation procedure described here, which was also successfully applied to isolation of the enzyme from sheep erythrocytes, may be useful in exploring the properties of mutant forms of the enzyme.
Optimization and coupled absorption effects in diamond anvil energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction measurements

Optimization of EDXRD measurements using the diamond anvil high-pressure cell varies with the particular experimental objectives. In the case of P-V-T equation of state studies, the controllable factors are adjusted to optimize the precision and accuracy of the interplanar spacing measurements. The identification of new phases requires the optimization of lattice parameter determinations and the minimization of the effects of thickness on the relative intensities, whereas for reaction rate studies the various factors are adjusted to maximize the absolute intensities of the peaks of interest. In each of these cases there are trade-offs in the effects of the individual factors that must be made in order to optimize the measurements. Of these factors, the sample absorption is often the most important. For example, profound changes in the relative intensities of diffraction peaks during normal compression studies are caused by the coupled effects of normal sample absorption as the sample thins and the energy dependence of the absorption coefficient. Such changes in relative intensities could be incorrectly attributed to uniaxial stress, residual stress, order-disorder phenomena or element partitioning. Coupled absorption effects in the presence of a powdered, internal standard also have an important bearing on optimizing the relative proportions of admixed standard and sample.
Effect of Adjuvant Radiation Therapy on Survival in Head and Neck Osteosarcoma

Purpose/Objective(s): To determine differences in survival outcomes in patients with advanced stage oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) when stratified by treatment and molecular profile. Materials/Methods: Demographic, pathologic and survival data was obtained from all patients diagnosed and treated for OPSCC from 1998-2010 at a tertiary care center (University of Alberta). Tissue microarrays (TMAs) were constructed to include all patients treated within this time frame with sufficient pathologic specimen available (nZ334). TMAs were stained by immunohistochemistry for p16, EGFR, Ki-67, Bcl-XL and p53, and digitally quantified in comparison to positive and negative controls. Patients were stratified by molecular profile using standardized expression cutoffs. Molecular profiles were then used to stratify patients who received the following treatment modalities: 1) primary surgery + chemoradiation (S+CRT), 2) primary surgery + post-operative radiation (S+RT) and 3) primary chemoradiation +/salvage surgery (CRT). Disease-specific (DSS) and overall survival was calculated for each stratum using Kaplan-Meir analysis. Hazard ratios and multivariate analysis was performed using Cox regression. Results: Distinct twoand five-year survival curves were obtained for each treatment stratum. When considering p16 status, 5-year DSS was highest for patients who received S+CRT (84.8% for p16+ and 60.8% for p16-), followed by S+RT (77.5% for p16+ and 54% for p16-) and CRT (55.2% for p16+ and 38.1% for p16-). Remarkably, the 5-year DSS of patients treated with S+CRT with low tumor EGFR levels was 100%. Patients with p53 positivity had improved DSS with surgical modalities. Bcl-XL levels alone were not associated with a significant difference in survival outcome. Elevated Ki-67 levels were associated with improved outcomes in patients receiving radiation therapy but low Ki-67 levels stratified patients into the poorest outcome group with a 5-year DSS of 18%. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this represents the largest cohort of advanced stage OPSCC survival comparing surgical and non-surgical treatment modalities, stratified by clinically significant biomarkers. Triple modality therapy provides optimal survival outcomes for patients with advanced stage OPSCC regardless of molecular profile. Author Disclosure: V.L. Biron: None. D.A. O’Connell: None. A.C. Klimowicz: None. L. Puttagunta: None. J. Harris: None. H. Seikaly: None.
Default mode network activity and white matter integrity in healthy middle-aged ApoE4 carriers

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is most commonly detected during old age, but the underlying neuropathologic changes likely appear decades earlier, especially among patients possessing genetic risk factors, such as the isoform E4 of the apolipoprotein E (ApoE4). In this study, we used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess default mode network (DMN) connectivity in 22 ApoE4 non-carriers and 14 matched ApoE4 carriers as well as white matter fractional anisotropy (FA) in 15 ApoE4 non-carriers and 11 demographically matched ApoE4 carriers. Cognitive tests were also administered. All of the participants were middle-aged adults. The analysis revealed no cognitive or white matter FA differences between carriers and non-carriers. However, in DMN regions previously implicated in AD, we did detect decreased functional connectivity. Our findings suggest that functional MRI abnormalities may be detectable well before cognitive decline or white matter changes among individuals at increased genetic risk for AD.
Glucocorticoid modification of the responsiveness of a fast (type 2) neuromuscular system to edrophonium and d-tubocurarine

The effects of an intensive triamcinolone diacetate pretreatment regimen in cats (8 mg/kg i.m. once daily/7 days) were examined on the facilitatory actions of edrophonium and the blocking effects of d-tubocurarine in a fast (type 2) neuromuscular system, the in vivo gastrocnemius-plantaris nerve-muscle preparation. In glucocorticoid-treated animals, i.v. edrophonium responsiveness, which was measured in terms of the potentiation of the indirectly evoked maximal muscle contractile tension, was significantly decreased compared with that in untreated cats. In contrast, the neuromuscular blocking potency of i.v. d-tubocurarine was reduced after triamcinolone treatment. Twice as much drug was required to achieve the same degree of reduction in indirectly evoked muscle tension. The decreased facilitatory potency of edrophonium was indicative of a glucocorticoid decrease in the excitability of type 2 motor neuron terminals. This was manifested as an attenuated ability to generate a stimulus-bound repetitive discharge in response to edrophonium and was the exact opposite of type 1 (soleus) motor axons which displayed an increased stimulus-bound repetitive discharge after treatment with a facilitatory drug as a result of intensive glucocorticoid action, reported previously. The decreased potency of d-tubocurarine, however, suggested an improvement in the evoked release of transmitter by single impulses and was in agreement with earlier work in soleus preparations. Taken together, the present data demonstrated the complexities of the direct effects of glucocorticoids on neuromuscular function.
Multicore fiber for optical interconnect applications

We propose multicore fibers with linear array configurations for optical interconnect applications. We discuss fiber design considerations and present actual 1×4 and 2×4 fiber results.
Revision of the Hoplolaiminae (Nematoda) I. Classification of Nominal Genera and Nominal Species

The genera and species of the subfamily Hoplolaiminae are reviewed and a classification of the genera and species is proposed. The subfamily and genera are diagnosed and the species listed. The genus Nemonchus is synonymized with Hoplolaimus and Gottholdsteineria synonymized with Rotylenchus. Spirotylenchus is synonymized with Rotylenchulus and excluded from Hoplolaiminae. Hoplolaimus coronatus is synonymized with Hoplolaimus galeatus. Scutellonema coheni and S. boocki are synonymized with S. brachyurum. Helicotylenchus nannus, Tylenchus spiralis and T. olaae are synonymized with Helicotylenchus dihystera n. comb. Helicotylenchus elisensis is synonymized with Rotylenchulus reniformis. The following new combinations are proposed: Scutellonema aberrans ; Rotylenchus quartus ; Rotylenchus pumilus ; Helicotylenchus steueri and Rotylenchulus parvus.
Investing in clinical science: make way for (not-so-uncommon) outliers.

In this issue, Roth and colleagues assess the clinical and economic effects of the Women's Health Initiative estrogen plus progestin trial. The editorialist discusses the findings and notes that la...
A characterization of solutions for general copositive quadratic Lyapunov inequalities

This article provides answers to an open question raised in [1] with regard to checking existence of a solution for general copositive Lyapunov inequalities. We consider homogeneous LTI systems that preserve a proper cone C.* A necessary and sufficient condition for stability of such a system is the existence of a quadratic Lyapunov solution for the associated copositive Lyapunov inequality. This article provides a computationally efficient alternative necessary and sufficient condition for stability of the cone-invariant LTI system, in which geometric algebraic conditions for the stability of an equilibrium state are established from the concepts of dual and polar cones. The conditions are polynomial-time verifiable, provided C is a proper cone in a Hilbert space and has a polynomial-time evaluable self-concordant barrier function. We show that the feasible solutions of those conditions can be used to characterize the extreme rays of the set of solutions for copositive Lyapunov inequalities.
Incidence and Management of Chyle Leaks Following Pancreatic Resection: A High Volume Single-Center Institutional Experience

No data on incidence, management, or natural history of chyle leaks following pancreatic resection have been published. We sought to identify possible risk factors associated with chyle leaks following pancreatic resection, as well as determine the natural history of this rare complication. Between 1993 and 2008, 3,532 patients underwent pancreatic resection at a single institution. Data on demographics, operative details, primary tumor status, and chyle leak were collected. To identify risk factors associated with chyle leak, a matched 3:1 paired analysis was performed. Of 3,532 patients undergoing pancreatic resection, 47 (1.3%) developed a chyle leak (n = 34, contained chyle leak versus n = 13, diffuse chylous ascites). Chyle leak was identified at median 5 days following surgery. Median drain triglyceride levels were 592 ng/dl. After matching on tumor size, disease etiology, and resection type, the number of lymph nodes harvested and history of concomitant vascular resection predicted higher risk of chyle leak (both P < 0.05). Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) was required in more patients with chylous ascites (92.3%) than those with chyle leaks (44.1%) (P = 0.003). The median time to resolution was shorter for contained chyle leaks (13 days) versus chylous ascites (36 days) (P < 0.001). Patients with chylous ascites tended to have shorter overall survival (3-year, 18.8%) versus patients with no chyle leak (3-year, 46.9%) (P = 0.12). In contrast, patients with a contained chyle leak had a similar survival as patients with no chyle leak (3-year, 53.4% versus 46.9%, respectively) (P = 0.32). Chyle leak was a rare (1.3%) complication following pancreatic resection that was associated with number of lymph nodes harvested and concomitant vascular resection. In general, chyle leaks were successfully managed with TPN with no adverse impact on outcome. Patients with chylous ascites, however, had a more protracted clinical course and tended to have a worse long-term survival.
Hodgkin's Disease Presenting with Rectal Symptoms in a Homosexual Male. A Case Report and Review of the Literature

A 33-year-old homosexual man presented with complaints of rectal discharge and tenesmus. There was no evidence of organomegaly or lymphadenopathy. Biopsy of a rectal mass revealed Hodgkin's disease. The literature of rectal Hodgkin's disease is reviewed, and the possible relationship of this unusual case to the recent outbreak of other unusual malignancies in homosexual males is discussed.
KL-sense secure image steganography

In this paper, we propose a computationally-efficient data hiding method which achieves Cachin's security criterion: zero Kullback-Liebler (KL) divergence. To preserve statistical properties of the cover medium, we swap pixels rather than modify them to hide information. We theoretically analyse the security of the proposed method from various perspectives. Upper bounds of the KL divergence of second order statistics; The relationship between distortions in the DCT domain and embedding positions in the spatial domain; The upper bound on the conditional entropy in the DCT domain. We then subject our proposed stego method to several practical steganalysis algorithms: Histogram based attacks; A higher-order statistics based universal steganalysis algorithm; A new learning based steganalysis that specifically for this hiding algorithm. Experimental results show that our data hiding method can prevent these statistical detection methods, when the embedding rate is less than or equal to 10%.
Interest differentials and extreme support for uncovered interest rate parity

Abstract This paper addresses two findings from the empirical literature testing uncovered interest parity (UIP): (i) more favorable results when interest differentials (IDs) are large and (ii) instability across samples. Simulations demonstrate that explanations of the results using large IDs based on the hypothesis of a “zone of speculative inactivity” are inconsistent with empirical evidence. Furthermore, it is shown that, if agents forecast IDs based on long-run values, coefficient estimates will be unstable if rates of decay in IDs vary significantly and, for ex post UIP to hold, IDs must decay in absolute value. This is consistent with OECD country data.