cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Cocaine craving during protracted withdrawal requires PKCε priming within vmPFC.

In individuals with a history of drug taking, the capacity of drug-associated cues to elicit indices of drug craving intensifies or incubates with the passage of time during drug abstinence. This incubation of cocaine craving, as well as difficulties with learning to suppress drug-seeking behavior during protracted withdrawal, are associated with a time-dependent deregulation of ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) function. As the molecular bases for cocaine-related vmPFC deregulation remain elusive, the present study assayed the consequences of extended access to intravenous cocaine (6 hours/day; 0.25 mg/infusion for 10 day) on the activational state of protein kinase C epsilon (PKCe), an enzyme highly implicated in drug-induced neuroplasticity. The opportunity to engage in cocaine seeking during cocaine abstinence time-dependently altered PKCe phosphorylation within vmPFC, with reduced and increased p-PKCe expression observed in early (3 days) and protracted (30 days) withdrawal, respectively. This effect was more robust within the ventromedial versus dorsomedial PFC, was not observed in comparable cocaine-experienced rats not tested for drug-seeking behavior and was distinct from the rise in phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase observed in cocaine-seeking rats. Further, the impact of inhibiting PKCe translocation within the vmPFC using TAT infusion proteins upon cue-elicited responding was determined and inhibition coinciding with the period of testing attenuated cocaine-seeking behavior, with an effect also apparent the next day. In contrast, inhibitor pretreatment prior to testing during early withdrawal was without effect. Thus, a history of excessive cocaine taking influences the cue reactivity of important intracellular signaling molecules within the vmPFC, with PKCe playing a critical role in the manifestation of cue-elicited cocaine seeking during protracted drug withdrawal.
Relaxor Ferroelectric Behavior in Barium Strontium Titanate

The development of barium strontium titanate-based tunable dielectrics is currently hindered by high losses in the paraelectric phase. Barium strontium titanate (BST) thin films and ceramics show a range of ferroelectric transition behavior, from normal, diffuse, and relaxor-like ferroelectric responses, depending on the sample preparation route. Rayleigh analysis, the temperature-dependent dielectric response, and the optical second harmonic generation were used to characterize the ferroelectric response of bulk and thin film BST. Ferroelectricity is observed to persist in BST for 30°C above the global phase transition temperature in ceramics and over 50°C in thin films. Piezoresponse force microscopy on BST ceramics with extensive residual ferroelectricity reveals the coexistence of nanoscale polar regions, typical of relaxor ferroelectrics, as well as micrometer scale domain structures. The nature of the phase transition was probed using electron energy loss spectroscopy and found to correlated with the nanoscale A-site chemical inhomogeneity in the samples.
On randomization-based and regression-based inferences for 2K factorial designs

Abstract We extend the randomization-based causal inference framework in Dasgupta et al. (2015) for general 2 K factorial designs, and demonstrate the equivalence between regression-based and randomization-based inferences. Consequently, we justify the use of regression-based methods in 2 K factorial designs from a finite-population perspective.
The real malady of Marcel Proust and what it reveals about diagnostic errors in medicine

Marcel Proust, author of A La Recherche du Temps Perdu, was considered a hypochondriac not only by the numerous specialists he consulted during his lifetime but also by every literary critic who ventured an opinion on his health, among them several clinicians. However, Proust's voluminous correspondence, as detailed in its attention to his every symptom as his novel, provides valuable clues to Proust's real, organic, and rare illness. Proust, in fact, was not only genuinely ill but far sicker than he even he believed, most likely suffering from the vascular subtype of Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome. Ironically, Proust's own doctors and his clinician-critics replicated the same kinds of diagnostic errors clinicians still routinely make today, shedding light on the plight of patients with rare illnesses.
CGS-MSFSS Project report

From January 2015 to July 2015, I was doing research at Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, United States. My work there consisted of performing experimental measurements using Sandia’s unique silicon quantum computing platform. The project is about coupling donor spin quantum bits, or qubits, to quantum dots in a silicon nanostructure based on conventional microchip technology. During the project, I devised a new quantum state readout mechanism that allow better, longer lived measurement signals. The measurement (or readout) mechanism is key to any qubit architecture. Next, I was able to demonstrate a quantum manipulation of the two-electron spin states of the coupled donor and quantum dot system. This constitutes a breakthrough for donor spin qubits in silicon because it could enable larger systems consisting of many qubits. This project will lead to publications in scientific journals, presentations in international conferences, and generates exciting new opportunities for manipulating nature at the nanoscale.
PIV of a Mach 5 Turbulent Boundary Layer over Diamond Roughness Elements

The effects of a periodic diamond roughness (k/ = 0.07) pattern on a Mach 4.9 turbulent boundary layer were examined experimentally. Particle image velocimetry and schlieren photography were used to quantify the flow structure over the roughness elements. On average, the roughness elements resulted in increased turbulent fluctuations in the lower half of the boundary layer (compared to a smooth baseline model), and decreased values above y/δ ~ 0.5. The turbulent structures within the rough-wall flowfield were stretched along the major axis, while maintaining a nearly constant minor axis (when normalized by δ). The structure angles for the rough-wall were increased for y/δ 0.3. It was observed that the rough and smooth Reynolds transverse and shear stresses nearly overlapped, when rotated to their respective local structure angle. This finding suggests that Reynolds stress redistribution is a predominant mechanism that should be included when modeling this class of flow.
Several Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Cherry Laurel (Laurocerasos Officinalis Roem.) Fruits

ABSTRACTEight cherry laurel genotypes sampled from Black Sea region in Turkey were examined for their soluble solid content, fruit skin colour, total anthocyanin, fatty acids, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Linoleic acid was determined as the major fatty acid in all cherry laurel genotypes (41.44–53.89%) and was followed by oleic acid (15.40–27.13%). The total phenolic content in cherry laurel genotypes was observed between 24.36 and 75.27 mg gallic acid equivalents per g dry matter basis. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in genotype TRZ5 as 89.86% which was higher than the standard BHA (88.34%). These results suggest that the cherry laurel fruits are good natural source of antioxidants and potentially can be used as parental material in variety breeding studies.
Collaboration between the Exploratorium Museum (San Francisco) and the University of Chicago MRSEC in Educational Outreach Programs

Science centers and museums have long been at the forefront of communicating the wonder of science to the general public and the K-12 school community. Interactions between the Exploratorium Museum (San Francisco, CA) and the University of Chicago MRSEC are described in this paper. The Exploratorium-organized NEO program—part of the NSF-sponsored NISE network—has greatly influenced the Univ. of Chicago’s approach to its materials science course for teachers and helped them incorporate inquiry more deliberately into their after-school science clubs. Also, Exhibit Developers at the Exploratorium collaborate with scientists at the Univ. of Chicago to design exhibits that explain contemporary cutting-edge research in materials. These exhibits emphasize the wonder and beauty of common phenomena that one rarely stops to notice but which leads to deep scientific inquiry.
A study of the effect of a homoeologous pairing promoter on chromosome pairing in wheat/rye hybrids using genomic in situ hybridization

A study of the effect of a homoeologous pairing promoter on chromosome pairing in wheat/rye hybrids using genomic in situ hybridization
Electrochemically Gated Alloy Formation of Crystalline InAs Thin Films at Room Temperature in Aqueous Electrolytes

Crystalline InAs films have been prepared directly at room temperature through a new electrochemically induced alloying method by controllably reducing As2O3 dissolved in an alkaline aqueous solution at an indium (In) foil electrode. Steady-state Raman spectra, transmission electron microscopy, and selected area electron diffraction indicated that the as-prepared films crystallize in the zincblende phase with no further thermal treatments. Cyclic voltammetry measurements, optical images, and steady-state Raman spectra confirmed that a clean oxide-free interface is critical for the successful formation of the binary InAs phase. The salient feature of this work is the use of simple aqueous electrochemistry to simultaneously remove passive metal oxides from the In(s) metal surface while controllably reducing dissolved arsenic oxide at the interface to drive the In–As alloying reaction. Raman spectral mapping data illustrate that the resulting film coverage and homogeneity are a strong function of the formal ...
Campus Based Sexual Assault and Dating Violence: A Review of Study Contexts and Participants

Colleges are working to study and address sexual assault (SA) and dating violence (DV) on campus. This quantitative systematic review assessed 196 studies of SA and DV to evaluate if the literature fully reflects the demographics of American higher education. Results show disproportionate representation in the populations and settings in which research is occurring. No studies occurred at associates/2-year institutions, and participants are substantially younger and whiter than American college students overall. Education and prevention efforts that do not take into account the bias in these studies may exacerbate intersectional barriers for students.
Promoting the Communion of Environment and Resources Law with Civil Law Based on the Comprehension of the Number Ninety a Item in the German Civil Code

The stipulation that "animals are not things "in the newly revised German Civil Code points out that animals are neither things nor men, and they are just animals.The legislation has now brought about a milestone-like reform in the history of civil law, especially for the civil law of the continental law system.It declares a fresh notion of modern civil law and makes a breakthrough of the "man-thing dichotomy "paradigm and the "subject-object dichotomy "paradigm in the traditional civil law theory.The classical manifestation of the "subject-object dichotomy"paradigm is that the whole world is only composed of humans and things, the matter is sure to be a man if it is not a thing and vice versa,men are always subjects and things are forever objects.There exist many disadvantages in the "subject-object dichotomy"paradigm.The theory of environment and resources law holds the "subject-object integration "paradigm.The idea that "animals are neither things nor men in civil law" forms the fundamental opinions of the environment and resources law.Animals, as distinct from both men and things, can be awarded legal rights.The rights of animals aren't identical to human rights of animals, the animals nor are equale to men.
Derermination of 3-nitropropionic acid in mildew sugarcane by free reagent ion chromatography

Objective:To develop a simple and quick method for determination of the 3-Nitropropionic Acid in mildew sugarcane by ion chromatography.Methods:The ion chromatograph Dionex 1500 and AS19 analytical column and conductivity detector were applied.Using 20 mmol KOH as eluent,the flow rate was 1.00 ml/min.After ultrasonic extraction with pure water,the mildew sugarcane samples were centrifuged at a high speed,then filtered through a 0.2 μm membrane,finally injected directly.Results:This method exhibited excellent relativity(r=0.9998)and good analytic precision(RSD3.0).The samples′ average recovery rates were in the range of 96%~102%.The detection limit(LOD)of the method was 0.03 mg/kg,and the limit of quantification(LOQ)was 0.08 mg/kg.Conclusion:This method was convenient,fast,sensitive and practical.It can be applied to the analysis for food poisoning of mildew sugarcane.
Retinopathy in the Era of Routine Hydroxychloroquine Monitoring.

To the Editor: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is a vital component of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) treatment, but it carries a significant risk of irreversible blindness from HCQ retinopathy. HCQ retinopathy is relatively rare, but new, more sensitive diagnostic techniques report a prevalence of up to 7.5%1. Moreover, HCQ retinopathy may progress even after cessation of therapy2, so early detection and primary prevention are critical. Currently, primary prevention consists of controlling the daily dose and/or cumulative dose to prevent overdosage3. We therefore read with great interest “Hydroxychloroquine Blood Levels in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Clarifying Dosing Controversies and Improving Adherence” by Durcan, et al 4 in The Journal of Rheumatology . We point out the implications of their findings for the use of weight-based dosing and the evidence base for HCQ retinopathy prevalence. In their study, Durcan, et al described how regularly measuring blood levels of HCQ in patients with SLE resulted in a higher … Address correspondence to E. Weinlander, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2870 University Avenue, Suite 206, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA. E-mail: eweinlander{at}wisc.edu
Metabolic fate of 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine by human spermatozoa: biosynthesis and biodegradation.

Abstract Human spermatozoa can synthesise 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-glycerophosphocholine (AAGPC) in small amount by acetyltransferase (AT) in absence of any stimulus, but can actively catabolise it by acetylhydrolase (HY). Seminal plasma, on the other hand, was devoid of anabolic enzyme albeit enrich in catabolic enzyme, suggesting as an active site for biodegradation of AAGPC secreted by spermatozoa. Both, AT and HY exhibited pH-optima in range of 7.0–7.6 at which spermatozoa are maximum viable and motile. Ionophore A23187 and EGTA inhibited AT, reversibly, whereas HY was inhibited by BSA, calcium-channel blockers, and phospholipase A 2 -inhibitors. Effect of aging-time on ejaculates exhibited decreased AT activity with increased HY activity along with unchanged calcium content of spermatozoa. Serotonin in vitro studies showed a pro-aggregator role on agglutination of spermatozoa. Viscid / long liquefaction time ejaculates exhibited raised AT activity and calcium contents with decreased HY activity in spermatozoa and high degree of agglutination. Studies with dithiothreitol-treatment indeed helped in liquefaction but levels of both enzymes remained status quo , suggesting existence of both pathways: remodelling of membrane phospholipids and de novo synthesis of AAGPC in spermatozoa, earlier being pre-dominant. We have proposed a role of AAGPC-Serotonin-Calcium in agglutination and liquefaction of spermatozoa, a vital aspect in normal fertility.
Preserving Pennsylvania's Civil War Muster Roles

The Pennsylvania State Archives maintains all of the records created by the regimental units raised by the commonwealth during the Civil War. Unit holdings include muster in and muster out rolls, casualty and deserter lists, official communications, and other records. Most valued among these are the mustering out rolls, which briefly give each soldier’s war story at his time of discharge and, in many cases, beyond it. They are, as historian John B. B. Trussell has noted, “essential for the study” of any regiment’s or company’s actions during the war. In October 2005, the State Archives began an ambitious project to conserve the 2,500 muster out rolls that are part of Records Series 19.11, “Muster Rolls and Related Records” of the Adjutant General’s Office.
System Innovation: Veterans Health Administration National Center for Patient Safety

Article-at-a-Glance Background In 1998 the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) created the National Center for Patient Safety (NCPS) to lead the effort to reduce adverse events and close calls systemwide. NCPS's aim is to foster a culture of safety in the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) by developing and providing patient safety programs and delivering standardized tools, methods, and initiatives to the 163VA facilities. A novel approach To create a system-oriented approach to patient safety, NCPS looked for models in fields such as aviation, nuclear power, human factors, and safety engineering. Core concepts included a nonpunitive approach to patient safety activities that emphasizes systems-based learning, the active seeking out of close calls, which are viewed as opportunities for learning and investigation, and the use of interdisciplinary teams to investigate close calls and adverse events through a root cause analysis (RCA) process. Participation by VA facilities and networks was voluntary. NCPS has always aimed to develop a program that would be applicable both within the VA and beyond. Key action items and results related to RCA NCPS's full patient safety program was tested and implemented throughout the VA system from November 1999 to August 2000. Program components included an RCA system for use by caregivers at the front line, a system for the aggregate review of RCA results, information systems software, alerts and advisories, and cognitive aids. Following program implementation, NCPS saw a 900-fold increase in reporting of close calls of high-priority events, reflecting the level of commitment to the program by VHA leaders and staff.
Influence of bi-directional power flow on impedance and stability of cascaded systems

This paper presents an impedance based stability criterion of cascaded active converter systems with bi-directional power flow from the perspective of individual subsystems. Influence of bi-directional power flow on the impedance of the subsystems and the stability of the cascaded system are studied. Though bi-directional power flow does not change the stability criterion, it changes the impedance (mostly the phase) of the susbsystems. Unstable critical frequencies caused by impedance interaction are predicted by the proposed impedance criterion in bi-directional power flow situation. Simulation results of a cascaded system comprising of a dual active bridge (DAB) dc-dc stage and a H bridge dc-ac stage are presented as an example to verify the analysis of the influence of bi-directional power flow. The small signal impedance on the dc side of the single phase H bridge is calculated based on power balance analysis. Controller improvement approaches to eliminate impedance interaction between subsystems are discussed.
Infected shoulder joint with loose Suture Anchor in the joint after Bankart's Repair- A Case Report.

Introduction The glenoid labrum is frequently torn in traumatic glenohumeral dislocation; arthroscopic repair is the standard method of treatment. The complications associated with this repair are pulling out of metal suture anchors, chondrolysis and joint infection. The infection of joint after arthroscopy is less than 1%. Staphylococcus is most common organism and rarely followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We report a case of infected shoulder with chondrolysis of the joint and pulled out metal suture anchor lying inside the joint after Bankart's repair. Case report A 22-year-old gentleman came to us with complaints of shoulder joint pain & gross restriction of movements for one year, with history of intermittent fever and treatment in nearby hospital. He also gives past history of recurrent dislocation of shoulder with last episode 18 months back, which was diagnosed as Bankart's lesion and arthroscopic Bankart's repair was done 15 months back. He was evaluated at our institute and suspected to have infection of shoulder joint with pulled out metal suture anchor inside the joint. Arthroscopic removal of suture anchor and debridement of shoulder joint was done, Culture was obtained and culture specific antibiotics were given for six weeks, and significant improvement was observed with this line of treatment. At lyear follow up, the patient was able to perform his daily activities with terminal restriction of range of motion. Conclusions Shoulder joint infection is rare after Bankart's repair and required a high degree of suspicion. Any foreign materials inside the joint should be taken out & followed with aggressive treatment by debridement, irrigation and culture specific antibiotics. Suppression of joint infection with antibiotics should be avoided specially when there is foreign body inside the joint.
Suaahara in Nepal: An at-scale, multi-sectoral nutrition program influences knowledge and practices while enhancing equity.

The burden of undernutrition in South Asia is greater than anywhere else. Policies and programmatic efforts increasingly address health and non-health determinants of undernutrition. In Nepal one large-scale integrated nutrition program Suaahara aimed to reduce undernutrition among women and children in the 1000-day period while simultaneously addressing inequities. In this study we use household-level process evaluation data (N = 480) to assess levels of exposure to program inputs and levels of knowledge and practices related to health nutrition and water sanitation and hygiene (WASH). We also assess Suaaharas effect on the differences between disadvantaged (DAG) and non-disadvantaged households in exposure knowledge and practice indicators. All regression models were adjusted for potential confounders at the child- maternal- and household levels as well as clustering. We found a higher prevalence of almost all exposure and knowledge indicators and some practice indicators in Suaahara areas versus comparison areas. A higher proportion of DAG households in Suaahara areas reported exposure were knowledgeable and practiced optimal behaviors related to nearly all maternal and child health nutrition and WASH indicators than DAG households in non-Suaahara areas and sometimes even than non-DAG households in Suaahara areas. Moreover differences in some of these indicators between DAG and non-DAG households were significantly smaller in Suaahara areas than in comparison areas. These results indicate that large-scale integrated interventions can influence nutrition-related knowledge and practices while simultaneously reducing inequities.
Community characteristics and regional variations in sepsis.

Background Sepsis may contribute to more than 200 000 annual deaths in the USA. Little is known about the regional patterns of sepsis mortality and the community characteristics that explain this relationship. We aimed to determine the influence of community characteristics upon regional variations in sepsis incidence and case fatality. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of data from the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort. Using US sepsis mortality data, we used two strategies for defining geographic regions: (i) Sepsis 'Belt' vs Non-Belt and (ii) Sepsis 'Cluster' vs Non-Cluster. We determined sepsis incidence and case fatality among REGARDS participants in each region, adjusting for participant characteristics. We examined the mediating effect of community characteristics upon regional variations in sepsis incidence and case fatality. Results Among 29 680 participants, 16 493 (55.6%) resided in the Sepsis Belt and 2958 (10.0%) resided in a Sepsis Cluster. Sepsis incidence was higher for Sepsis Belt than Non-Belt participants [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 1.14; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02-1.24] and higher for Sepsis Cluster than Non-Cluster participants (adjusted HR = 1.18; 95% CI = 1.01-1.39). Sepsis case fatality was similar between Sepsis Belt and Non-Belt participants, as well as between Cluster and Non-Cluster participants. Community poverty mediated the regional differences in sepsis incidence. Conclusions Regional variations in sepsis incidence may be partly explained by community poverty. Other community characteristics do not explain regional variations in sepsis incidence or case fatality.
A probabilistic link prediction model in time-varying social networks

One of the most intriguing aspects of network analysis is how links or interactions occur over time between a pair of nodes and whether we can have a model to accurately predict the occurrence of links ahead of time, and with what accuracy. In contrast to the existing approaches, this paper proposes a novel Markov prediction model over the time-varying graph of an underlying social network. The model considers the effect of multiple time scales in leveraging temporal analysis for link prediction. The analysis considers fine-grained and coarsegrained time scales, along with associated local (links) and semiglobal (clusters) structural evolution, respectively. The model takes into account correlated evolution and rate of evolution in selecting start and end nodes, and the corresponding interaction probability. Finally, we use temporal data of two heavily dynamic real world social networks (e.g., Twitter and Facebook), and a relatively lesser dynamic network (e.g., DBLP) to demonstrate the prediction accuracy that our Markov model outperforms two recent dynamic approaches in the range of 7.5% to 19.81%.
Trajectories of in-session change language in brief motivational interventions with mandated college students.

OBJECTIVE Brief motivational interventions (BMIs) are currently the most efficacious individual intervention for mandated college students. However, little is known about how BMIs facilitate client language in relation to subsequent changes in alcohol use and problems in mandated student samples. METHOD The current study used the Motivational Interviewing Skills Code (MISC 2.0; Miller, Moyers, Ernst, & Amrhein, 2003) to code BMI sessions (N = 252) from 2 randomized clinical trials that led to significant reductions in alcohol use and alcohol-related problems in mandated student drinkers. A proportion of change language was calculated for each decile (1st to 10th) of the BMI sessions. RESULTS Latent class analyses of in-session speech indicated that there were 3 distinct trajectories of change language over the course of the session: high (n = 59), increasing (n = 122), and low (n = 71). Members of the high trajectory group showed higher rates of alcohol-related problems prior to the BMI and members of the low trajectory group were more likely to be male. Six months following the BMI, members of the high and low trajectory groups demonstrated significant reductions in alcohol use and problems, and members of the increasing trajectory group only reduced alcohol-related problems. CONCLUSIONS Associations among the 3 trajectories of client change language and subsequent reductions in alcohol use and problems partially supported the technical hypothesis of MI efficacy. Client factors as well as the nature of the discussion of personalized feedback may determine the link between in-session client language and subsequent behavior change. (PsycINFO Database Record
Narrative Language Sampling in Typical Development: Implications for Clinical Trials

Purpose This study examined cross-sectional age-related trajectories of expressive language variables (syntactic complexity, lexical diversity, unintelligibility, dysfluency, and talkativeness) der...
A 50 MHz BW 76.1 dB DR Two-Stage Continuous-Time Delta–Sigma Modulator With VCO Quantizer Nonlinearity Cancellation

A two-stage continuous-time $\Delta \Sigma $ modulator with voltage-controlled oscillator based quantizer (VCOQ) is presented. The presented modulator suppresses the VCOQ voltage-to-frequency nonlinearity through dual path cancellation to achieve high linearity. As an added advantage, this architecture exhibits strong immunity to the first stage quantization error leakage to the output due to gain mismatches between the two stages. Fabricated in a 65 nm CMOS technology, the prototype modulator operates at 1.5 GS/s and achieves 76.1 dB SNR, 73.5 dB SNDR, 88 dB SFDR, and 76.1 dB dynamic range (DR) in 50 MHz bandwidth. This prototype demonstrates robust performance with less than 1.5 dB variation in SNDR for ±10% gain mismatch between the two stages. Also, the SNDR variation remains within 1 dB for a temperature variation of 0°C–80°C. The modulator consumes 51.8 mW of power leading to a Walden FoM of 134 fJ/conv-step.
Mediterranean Diet in Preventing Neurodegenerative Diseases

We reviewed the most recent literature examining the associations between the Mediterranean-style diet (MD), neurodegenerative diseases, and markers and mechanisms of neurodegeneration. Most, but not all, epidemiologic studies report a protective association between MD adherence, cognitive impairment, and brain health. Data from clinical trials supporting these observational findings are also emerging. Limited evidence suggests that MD adherence may be protective for Parkinson’s disease risk. Mechanistically, plant polyphenols may activate similar molecular pathways as caloric restriction diets, which helps explain the neuroprotective properties of the MD. Evidence for cognitive disorders is abundant, but there is a dearth of literature for other neurodegenerative disorders and for markers of neurodegeneration. Further research is needed to elucidate the protective role of MD on neurodegeneration, the most salient components of the MD, and the most sensitive time periods over the lifecourse at which the MD may exert its effects.
Postoperative Care of ECMO/Mechanical Circulatory Support

The perioperative management of mechanical support patients can be challenging. These patients are plagued by decompensated heart failure resulting in a low output state and, consequently, end organ dysfunction. They are additionaly challenged by immobility and deconditioning and very often require emergent temporary support or elective durable support. This can create for a lengthy, arduous convalescence. A standardized approach to critical care management can help optimize both the short and long term outcomes.
Entry to adulthood: college women's desire for marriage

Recent literature has addressed the extent to which women’s desire for marriage has been affected by factors like education, age, economic status, and gender role attitudes. This study undertook a comprehensive examination of college women’s marital perception, their desire for marriage, and the extent to which these perceptions and desires are affected by level of formal education, age, expectations about marriage, and gender role perspectives. The conceptual model hypothesized that education would be negatively associated with desire for marriage, while age would have as positive correlation with marriage desire. Moreover, gender role perspectives as well as expectations for marriage were presumed as positively correlated with marriage desire. Survey data from 449 unmarried respondents enrolled at Iowa State University were used to explore educational, attitudes, and expectation differences in the expressed desire to marry. The results indicated that education and age have little influence on college women’s desire for marriage. Among overall expectation for marriage, a strong expectation to enter adulthood was the most important factor affecting desire to marry. The study also indicates that those who hold a traditional view of gender role, especially concerning having kids and possessing traditional spouse identity, will have a relatively strong desire to
Unified Life Cycle Engineering: An Emerging Design Concept

Current engineering practice for a component such as a jet engine disk almost always involves a serial approach. The disk is first designed for maximum performance (e.g., minimum weight). The design is then sent to the manufacturing department which defines appropriate production approaches and may request some redesign to facilitate manufacturing. Finally, product support considerations such as inspectability and repair receive attention, but by now it is often too late to impact the design. This, of course, is an overstatement but is not too far from the truth for most components. The emergence of computational plenty offers opportunities to change the present practice towards a concurrent approach which has been called Unified Life Cycle Engineering (ULCE). [1]
Post-Tenure Reflections on Community-Engaged Scholarship in a Psychology Research Setting

Community-engaged scholarship emphasizes community partnership in the teaching, research, and service roles faculty pursue. Traditionally, psychological research places the highest value on tightly controlled, laboratory-based research led by faculty as “expert” and community as “subjects.” The difference in values between traditional research and community-engaged research can serve as a paradigm-level barrier to community-engaged scholarship for psychologists working in research settings. I discuss my personal experience as a faculty member with a community-based participatory research (CBPR) orientation and describe four suggestions to increase community-engaged scholarship among psychology researchers in similar high-research institutions: (a) revise promotion and tenure documents to recognize it; (b) update IRB reviews to support it; (c) earmark internal funding specifically for it; and (d) create networks to spread it.
Application of deep artificial neural networks to multi-dimensional flamelet libraries and spray flames:

The “curse of dimensionality” has limited the applicability and expansion of tabulated combustion models. While the tabulated flamelet model and other multi-dimensional manifold approaches have sho...
The herbicide Zypar™ with the new active ingredient Arylex™ as tankmix partner for graminicides for spring application in cereals

Die gegen Ungraser im Fruhjahr zugelassenen Herbizide haben haufig eine auf dikotyle Unkrauter unzureichende Wirksamkeit. Daher werden in der Regel Tankmischpartner genutzt, um eine breitere Wirkung auch gegen Unkrauter zu erreichen.In den Jahren 2014-2017 wurden in Deutschland Feldversuche durchgefuhrt, um die biologische Kompatibilitat zwischen dem Getreideherbizid Zypar™ und verschiedenen Graminiziden zur Bekampfung von Ackerfuchsschwanz, Windhalm und Taube Trespe zu uberprufen.Das Herbizid Zypar™ zeigt nicht nur eine sehr breite Wirksamkeit gegen dikotyle Unkrauter, sondern erwies sich aufgrund seines auxin-ahnlichen Wirkstoffs und der OD-Formulierung auch als idealer Mischpartner fur Graminizide. Zusatzlich unterstutzt Zypar™ durch das in die Formulierung eingebaute Netzmittel (MSO-Typ) die Wirkung gegen Unkrauter und Ungraser. In den Feldversuchen wurde kein Antagonismus zwischen Zypar™ und den Graminiziden beobachtet, in mehreren Fallen konnte sogar eine verbesserte Wirkung der Graminizide auf die getesteten Ungraser nachgewiesen werden.Durch den im Zypar™ enthaltenen Safener Cloquintocet-Mexyl wird der metabolische Abbau von Arylex™ in der Kulturpflanze unterstutzt. Es konnte auch beobachtet werden, dass die Vertraglichkeit von Graserherbiziden ebenfalls verbessert wird. Hierdurch konnte in Einzelfallen, auch nach Zumischung von AHL, die Vertraglichkeit der getesteten Graserherbizide signifikant erhoht werden.
Frequency-amplitude characteristics of periodic motions in a periodically forced van der Pol oscillator

In this paper, nonlinear frequency-amplitude characteristics of periodic motions in a periodically forced van der Pol oscillator are studied systematically. The periodic motions of the van der Pol oscillator are determined by the semi-analytical method, and the corresponding stability and bifurcation analysis is completed through the eigenvalue analysis. From the finite Fourier series analysis, the nonlinear frequency-amplitude characteristics of periodic motions are analyzed. From the frequency-amplitude analysis, the limit cycle of the van der Pol oscillator can be obtained analytically as excitation amplitude approach to zero, rather than numerically. For the van der Pol oscillator, most of periodic motions in the van der pol oscillator are symmetric. However, an asymmetric period-1 motion in the van der Pol oscillator is discovered. Thus a bifurcation tree of period-1 motion to chaos can be found.
Reduction and Open Fixation of a Cervical Teardrop Fracture: A Technical Note

Background Cervical teardrop fractures are hyperflexion and axial loading injuries associated with significant ligamentous disruption. Patients sustaining these types of injury are classically treated with a cervical corpectomy and anterior fusion. However, there are notable disadvantages of this approach, namely, disruption of the patient's true anatomic alignment and a reduction in the number of fixation points available for cervical fusion. Here we present a novel method of open reduction and internal fixation in a neurologically intact patient with cervical teardrop fracture. Case Description A 34-year-old man presented to Ryder Trauma Center after a helmeted motorcycle accident. The patient was found to be neurologically intact on arrival, and imaging demonstrated a C5 teardrop fracture without bony retropulsion. The patient was taken to the operating room for an open reduction and internal fixation of the fracture using a novel technique. This technique used traditional diskectomies at the C4-5 and C5-6 levels, along with a temporary, unicortical screw into the C5 body to capture the anteriorly displaced fragment. A bicortical screw was then placed into the contralateral side, and now, having fully reduced the fracture, the first (temporary) screw was replaced with a bicortical screw. The patient was neurologically intact postoperatively, with 2-month follow-up computed tomography scan demonstrating stable reduction of the fracture. Conclusions Here we present a novel technique for open reduction and internal fixation of a cervical teardrop fracture that does not require cervical corpectomy. This technique is particularly useful in patients with an anteriorly displaced fragment and without neurologic deficit or compromise.
Insect diversity in vineyards, almond orchards, olive orchards, alfalfa fields, and pastures in the San Joaquin Valley of California

For many agricultural systems, limited data is available on abundance and diversity of insects that are not crop pests or their natural enemies. As recent studies suggest that insect abundance and diversity is declining, there is a need to quantify insect diversity within crop fields to determine what role crop fields play in maintaining diversity. In this study, alfalfa fields, almond orchards, vineyards, olive orchards, and pastures located in the San Joaquin Valley of California were sampled. Ground sweep samples were collected from all five habitats. In addition, foliar beat samples were collected from almond orchards, vineyards, and olive orchards. In total, ~ 240,000 arthropods were collected with the majority identified to family. Across crops and sampling methods, 20 arthropod orders and 202 insect families were observed. Hemiptera was the most abundant order of insect collected, representing an average of 61% of all arthropods collected. Diptera was the most diverse order of insect collected, with a total of 59 dipteran families observed across crops. Of the 202 insect families observed, 85 were observed in all 5 habitats (42%), whereas 48 families were observed in only one habitat (24%). Families observed in a single habitat were often represented by only a few individuals. Principal component analysis indicated that the communities present in the understory of vine and tree crops were more similar to each other than to the communities observed in pastures or alfalfa fields. Much of the total insect biomass belonged to a few families that included known agricultural pests. In contrast, most of the diversity was made up of families present in low to moderate abundance.
Abstract WP228: Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome: Presenting Symptoms, Incidence, and Outcomes in a Multi-State Cohort in the United States

Introduction: Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is a syndrome of recurrent thunderclap headaches with transient cerebral vasoconstriction which can cause stroke. There are few po...
Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia in the emergency department: an argument for multidisciplinary collaboration to increase access while maintaining quality and standards

The practice of ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia (UGRA) by emergency medicine physicians in the emergency department (ED) is increasing. The need for effective alternatives to opioid analgesia in the acute care setting likely exceeds the current capacity of UGRA-trained anesthesia teams. In this daring discourse, we outline several matters of relevance to be considered as protocols are put into place to facilitate the practice of UGRA by emergency medicine physicians in the ED. There are opportunities for collaboration between anesthesiology and emergency medicine societies in guideline development as well as educational resources. The sustained interest in UGRA shown by many emergency medicine physicians should be viewed open-mindedly by anesthesiologists. Failure to collaborate on local and national scales could lead to delays in the development and implementation of patient-centered, safe procedural care, and limit patient access to the benefits of regional anesthesia.
Building a Steady Foundation through Equilibrium: Solution and Solid State Chemistry

We have developed a new foundation-level course at our institution that links the concept of chemical equilibria from four of the traditional subdisciplines (analytical, biochemistry, inorganic, and physical). The course, entitled Solution and Solid State Chemistry (CHEM 210), is designed to serve our chemistry and biochemistry majors, as well as those students interested in prehealth professions. The course functions as a bridge between the introductory and organic chemistry courses and the in-depth chemistry curriculum at our institution. A week-by-week explanation of the course curriculum is provided, as well as the description of the laboratory experiments conducted during the course.
The Roberts Court and Lost ESI

John G. Roberts, Jr. was confirmed as Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court in September, 2005. Since then, there have been two major changes in the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (FRCP) involving losses of discoverable electronically stored information (esi). These changes address the duties of preserving some esi for federal civil litigation and the sanctions available for preservation failures. The changes were embodied in FRCP 37, once in 2006 and once in 2015. The current Rule 37(e) provisions have always been accompanied by other FRCP discovery provisions on esi, with some predating any version of Rule 37(e). To date, Congress has remained quiet on lost esi in federal civil actions. This article reviews the history behind, and all the current, FRCP provisions on esi, particularly the Rule 37(e) changes. It also reviews the proposed esi changes to Rule 37 in 2013 that were not adopted. These reviews will focus on how the FRCP has addressed and now addresses lost discoverable esi. These reviews are accompanied by an examination of state civil procedure laws on presuit and postsuit esi losses. State laws are examined as they suggest potential FRCP reforms. A brief survey of state spoliation claims, whether in tort, contract, or otherwise, follows because these claims can be pursued in federal courts for either presuit or postsuit esi losses impacting pending civil actions. All this will then serves as the basis for exploring significant issues on lost esi in federal civil actions. Such issues include the uncertainties arising from the FRCP distinctions between esi and nonesi, as well as between varying forms of esi; the challenges in pursuing state spoliation claims in related federal civil actions; and, the problems arising when discoverable esi is lost by nonparties. The explorations will lead to some tentative thoughts on FRCP reforms involving lost esi that would prompt greater justice, efficiency and economy, per the FRCP 1 mandate. Possible new approaches include FRCP amendments broadening the opportunities for presuit esi discovery and creating new avenues for presuit protective orders on behalf of those possessing or controlling relevant esi, perhaps modeled a bit on the recent Arizona Civil Procedure Rule 45.2.
Semantic analyses for storage management optimizations in functional language implementations

One of the major overheads in implementing functional languages is the storage management overhead due to dynamic allocation and automatic reclamation of indefinite-extent storage. This dissertation investigates the problems of statically inferring lifetime information about dynamically-allocated objects in higher-order polymorphic functional languages, both strict and non-strict, and of applying that information to reduce the storage management overhead. We have developed a set of compile-time semantic analyses for a higher-order, monomorphic, strict functional language based on denotational semantics and abstract interpretation. They are (1) escape analysis, which provides information about the relative lifetimes of objects such as arguments and local objects defined within a function with respect to an activation of the function call, (2) refined escape analysis which, as a refinement of escape analysis, provides information about the lifetime of components of aggregate structures, and (3) reference escape analysis which provides information about the relative lifetimes of references created within a function with respect to an activation of the function. We also have developed a compile-time semantic analysis called order-of-demand analysis for higher-order, monomorphic, non-strict functional languages, which provides information about the order in which the values of bound variables are demanded and thus allows one to compute a range of information including strictness, evaluation-order, and evaluation-status information. Using the notion of polymorphic invariance, we describe a method for analyzing a polymorphic language by using the analyses for a monomorphic language. We then extend those analyses for a strict language to a non-strict language using non-strict program transformation and evaluation-status information. Based on statically inferred escape information, we propose a combination of storage management optimization techniques including stack allocation, explicit reclamation, inplace reuse, reference counting elimination, block allocation/reclamation, and improving generational garbage collection.
Magnetic Fields and Star Formation: A Theory Reaching Adulthood

The correctness of any theory rests with the lack of mathematical or numerical errors, so that its conclusions would follow from its assumptions and known physical laws. A correct theory, however, can be irrelevant unless its assumptions are consistent with observations or experiments. It is therefore essential that the physical properties of star-forming interstellar clouds be understood quantitatively before a theory of star formation becomes both correct and relevant.