cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Mucosal DNA synthesis: a short term index of the trophic action of gastrin.

Gastrin has been shown to be an important trophic hormone for the gastric mucosa. In order to assess its role in the metabolism of other tissues and to determine whether other hormones and related substances affect the growth of gastrointestinal tissue, an assay was developed which measured in vitro DNA synthesis in small pieces of tissue. Rats were injected with 250 μg per kg of pentagastrin or with saline and killed at various times after injection. Small pieces of stomach, duodenum, ileum, and liver were removed and incubated for 30 min in tissue culture medium containing [3H]thymidine. DNA was extracted and the rate of DNA synthesis was determined by scintillation counting. In another set of experiments the dose of pentagastrin which gave maximal DNA synthesis was determined. Pentagastrin had no effect on DNA synthesis in the liver. In all other tissues studied maximal stimulation occurred 16 hr after injection of pentagastrin. At 16 hr, incorporation of thymidine in pentagastrin-injected animals was 275% of control for the stomach, 300% for the duodenum, and 480% for the ileum. In another series of studies histamine (20 mg per kg) had no effect on DNA synthesis. A dose-response study demonstrated that 250 μg per kg of pentagastrin was optimal for these effects on DNA synthesis. It made little difference whether the results were expressed on the basis of tissue wet weight or DNA content. This procedure offers a relatively rapid means of assessing the growth promoting potential of various substances on tissues of the gastrointestinal tract.
SU-F-T-415: Differences in Lung Sparing in Deep Inspiration Breath-Hold and Free Breathing Breast Plans Calculated in Pinnacle and Monaco

Purpose: Deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) is used for left-sided breast radiotherapy to spare the heart and lung. The magnitude of sparing has been shown to be significant. Monte Carlo, furthermore, has the potential to calculate most accurately the dose in the heterogeneous lung medium at the interface with the lung wall. The lung dose was investigated in Monaco to determine the level of sparing relative to that calculated in Pinnacle3. Methods: Five patients undergoing DIBH radiotherapy on an Elekta Versa HD linear accelerator in conjunction with the Catalyst C-RAD surface imaging system were planned using Phillips Pinnacle3. Free breathing plans were also created to clinically assure a benefit. Both plans were re-calculated in Monaco to determine if there were any significant differences. The mean heart dose, mean left lung, and mean total lung dose were compared in addition to the V20 for left and both lungs. Dose was calculated as dose to medium as well as dose to water with a statistical precision of 0.7%. Results: Mean lung dose was significantly different (p < 0.003) between the two calculations for both DIBH (11.6% higher in Monaco) and free breathing (14.2% higher in Monaco). V20 was also higher in Monaco (p < 0.05) for DIBH (5.7% higher) and free breathing (4.9% higher). The mean heart dose was not significantly different between the dose calculations for either DIBH or free breathing. Results were no more than 0.1% different when calculated as dose to water. Conclusion: The use of Monte Carlo can provide insight on the lung dose for both free breathing and DIBH techniques for whole breast irradiation. While the sparing (dose reductions with DIBH as compared to free breathing) is equivalent for either planning system, the lung doses themselves are higher when calculated with Monaco.
Y-STR Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) Amplification and Typing

Commercial multiplex kits capable of amplifying multiple DNA loci in a single tube reaction are essential to solving cases involving DNA evidence in crime labs. In this experiment, a selected Y chromosome short tandem repeat (Y-STR) commerical multiplex kit (e.g. AmpFlSTR ® Yfiler kit) will be used to amplify previously extracted DNA from buccal swabs and simulated evidence samples from male donors and male DNA control samples 007 and 9948 using the polymerase chain reaction following the manufacturer’s instructions. Then, the allele profile of the amplified loci for the DNA-containing samples will be determined by separating the amplicons using capillary electrophoresis using a single or multiple capillary instrument. GeneMapperID or similar software will be used to make the allele calls and all calls will be verified. The amplified loci and allele ladder will be determined by the kit employed. The allele calls will be tabulated and reported for locus and each sample run and compared to the expected allele profile.
Capillary Seals as a Cause of Pressure Compartmentation in Sedimentary Basins

A new hypothesis that pressure compartmentation in basins can be caused by capillary seals is presented and discussed. Capillary seals form when a non-wetting fluid phase is generated within or introduced into grain-size layered sediments that are finegrained enough that gravitational separation of the phases does not occur. Experiments show that such seals can be formed in the laboratory. These seals have many important implications: The changes in basin permeability that allow fluid overpressuring may occur when non-wetting phases are generated in the basin (CO2 or hydrocarbon). Basin seals can be dynamic; they can move through the sediment column. Porosity profiles reflect such movement. Hydrocarbons and water may follow the trajectory of seal rupture and move along the same migration routes. The flow of both water and hydrocarbons may be directed to areas where the top of overpressure is covered by the least sediments. We have not proven the capillary seal hypothesis, but diverse evidence supports it and it has important implications.
Guidelines for evaluating the suitability of catch and release fisheries: Lessons learned from Caribbean flats fisheries

Abstract Catch and release is receiving attention as a recreational fisheries conservation tool, but data are often lacking on: the suitability of target species; location-specific factors (e.g., predator field); likelihood of community support; infrastructure capabilities; availability of suitable habitat. This is especially true where C&R fisheries are being developed because they are perceived as economically valuable, automatically self-sustaining, with low environmental impact. However, resources to support research, management, and enforcement are often lacking, leading to fisheries that are de facto C&R, with little oversight or conservation planning. This can lead to fisheries that are not sustainable due to low post-release mortality, overfishing, loss of critical habitats. In locations with limited resources, a framework is needed to maximize these resources to provide sufficient information for fisheries management and evaluation. The “flats fishery” of the Caribbean, comprised of bonefish (Albula vulpes), Atlantic tarpon (Megalops atlanticus), permit (Trachinotus falcatus), and common snook (Centropomus undecimalis), supports an economically valuable recreational fishery that is C&R in many locations throughout its geographic range. Once a fishery that received little management attention, recent research has provided sufficient information to guide conservation and management. In this manuscript, the lessons learned from >10 years of research and conservation of the Caribbean flats fishery are used to demonstrate how C&R Fishery Evaluation Guidelines (FEGs) can be applied to this and similar C&R fisheries. The FEG factors include: species suitability, habitat, water quality, fishery status, fishery capacity, socio-economics, enforcement and compliance, cultural factors, and education.
POLG Novel Mutation with Alpers Syndrome

Researchers at University Hospital, Berne, Switzerland describe the molecular genetic analysis of POLG in a 3.5 years old boy with VPA-induced fatal liver failure and encephalopathy (Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome, AHS).
Communication and Sport: Reflections on the Trajectory and Future of a Disciplinary Project

In this editorial essay, Communication and Sport Editor-in-Chief Lawrence Wenner reflects on the trajectory and role of the journal since its inception in 2012 and first publication in 2013. Considered are how the contours of Communication and Sport as a scholarly project were defined in important ways by an inaugural double issue in 2013 that featured key figures in the development of communication and sport as an articulated and important area of inquiry and have been given further shape by key studies, special issues and research forums published in the journal’s first three years. The latter part of the essay considers the maturation and rising interest in the journal over its first four years of publication and how this drove the move, in year five, to publish six issues a year beginning in 2017.
Heterometallic molecular precursors for a lithium–iron oxide material: synthesis, solid state structure, solution and gas-phase behaviour, and thermal decomposition

Three heterometallic single-source precursors with a Li : Fe = 1 : 1 ratio for a LiFeO2 oxide material are reported. Heterometallic compounds LiFeL3 (L = tbaoac (1), ptac (2), and acac(3)) have been obtained on a large scale, in nearly quantitative yields by one-step reactions that employ readily available reagents. The heterometallic precursor LiFe(acac)3 (3) with small, symmetric substituents on the ligand (acac = pentane-2,4-dionate), maintains a 1D polymeric structure in the solid state that limits its volatility and prevents solubility in non-coordinating solvents. The application of the unsymmetrical ligands, tbaoac (tert-butyl acetoacetate) and ptac (1,1,1-trifluoro-5,5-dimethyl-2,4-hexanedionate), that exhibit different bridging properties at the two ends of the ligand, allowed us to change the connectivity pattern within the heterometallic assembly. The latter was demonstrated by structural characterization of heterometallic complexes LiFe(tbaoac)3 (1) and LiFe(ptac)3 (2) that consist of discrete heterocyclic tetranuclear molecules Li2Fe2L6. The compounds are highly volatile and exhibit a congruent sublimation character. DART mass spectrometric investigation revealed the presence of heterometallic molecules in the gas phase. The positive mode spectra are dominated by the presence of [M - L]+ peaks (M = Li2Fe2L6). In accord with their discrete molecular structure, complexes 1 and 2 are highly soluble in nearly all common solvents. In order to test the retention of the heterometallic structure in solution, the diamagnetic analog of 1, LiMg(tbaoac)3 (4), has been isolated. Its tetranuclear molecular structure was found to be isomorphous to that of the iron counterpart. 1H and 7Li NMR spectroscopy unambiguously confirmed the presence of heterometallic molecules in solutions of non-coordinating solvents. The heterometallic precursor 1 was shown to exhibit clean thermal decomposition in air that results in phase-pure α-modification of layered oxide LiFeO2, the prospective cathode material for lithium ion batteries.
Clinical features, histology, and histogenesis of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma

Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (CHC) is a rare tumor with poor prognosis, with incidence ranging from 1.0%-4.7% of all primary hepatic tumors. This entity will be soon renamed as hepato-cholangiocarcinoma. The known risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been implicated for CHC including viral hepatitis and cirrhosis. It is difficult to diagnose this tumor pre-operatively. The predominant histologic component within the tumor largely determines the predominant radiographic features making it a difficult distinction. Heterogeneous and overlapping imaging features of HCC and cholangiocarcinoma should raise the suspicion for CHC and multiple core biopsies (from different areas of tumor) are recommended before administering treatment. Serum tumor markers CA19-9 and alpha-fetoprotein can aid in the diagnosis, but it remains a challenging diagnosis prior to resection. There is sufficient data to support bipotent hepatic progenitor cells as the cell of origin for CHC. The current World Health Organization classification categorizes two main types of CHC based on histo-morphological features: Classical type and CHC with stem cell features. Liver transplant is one of the available treatment modalities with other management options including transarterial chemoembolization, radiofrequency ablation, and percutaneous ethanol injection. We present a review paper on CHC highlighting the risk factors, origin, histological classification and therapeutic modalities.
Advanced laparoscopic bariatric surgery is safe in general surgery training

Abstract Background Bariatric surgery makes up an increasing percentage of general surgery training. The safety of resident involvement in these complex cases has been questioned. We evaluated patient outcomes in resident performed laparoscopic bariatric procedures. Methods Retrospective review of patients undergoing a laparoscopic bariatric procedure over seven years at a tertiary care single center. Procedures were primarily performed by a general surgery resident and proctored by an attending surgeon. Primary outcomes included operative volume, operative time and leak rate with perioperative outcomes evaluated as secondary outcomes. Results A total of 1649 bariatric procedures were evaluated. Operations included laparoscopic bypass (690) and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (959). Average operating time was 136 min. Eighteen leaks (0.67%) were identified. Graduating residents performed an average of 89 laparoscopic bariatric cases during their training. There were no significant differences between resident levels with concern to operative time or leak rate (p 0.97 and p = 0.54). Conclusions General surgery residents can safely perform laparoscopic bariatric surgery. When proctored by a staff surgeon, a resident's level of training does not significantly impact leak rate.
Synthesis, characterization, and catalytic behavior of mono- and bimetallic ruthenium(II) and iridium(III) complexes supported by pyridine-functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene ligands

Abstract We have prepared and characterized five unreported ruthenium(II) and iridium(III) complexes supported by pyridine-functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene ligands including a bimetallic iridium(III) complex. When activated, all complexes are active catalysts for the transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone.
Epidemiologic study of risk factors for meningioma in the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging.

2067Background: An estimated 2% of the general population has a meningioma (Vernooij et al. 2007), which accounts for about 36% of all primary intracranial tumors (Ostrom et al. 2015). The most est...
Syphilis 100 years later: Another lost opportunity?

A century of progress and then backward steps on syphilis and other sexually transmitted diseases.
Tapping into English Language Learners' (ELLs') Prior Knowledge in Social Studies Instruction

ABSTRACTSecond language research and Culturally Relevant Pedagogy have shown a consensus that ELLs who have studied social studies in their home countries will have a better chance of understanding social studies concepts and quickly catching up to their native English-speaking peers. This article discusses strategies to make good use of ELLs' prior knowledge, native language and culture, and previous literacy to teach social studies concepts meaningfully and effectively to this group of students.
Clinical Factors That Predict a Second ACL Injury After ACL Reconstruction and Return to Sport: Preliminary Development of a Clinical Decision Algorithm:

Background:Biomechanical predictors of a second anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury after ACL reconstruction (ACLR) and return to sport (RTS) have been identified; however, these measures may not be feasible in a standard clinical environment.Purpose/Hypothesis:The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether standard clinical measures predicted the risk of second ACL injuries. The hypothesis tested was that a combination of strength, function, and patient-reported measures at the time of RTS would predict the risk of second ACL injuries with high sensitivity and specificity.Study Design:Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3 and Cohort study (prognosis); Level of evidence, 1.Methods:A total of 163 participants (mean age, 16.7 ± 3.0 years) who underwent primary ACLR and were able to RTS were evaluated. All participants completed an assessment of isokinetic strength, hop testing, balance, and the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). Participants were tracked for a minimum of 24 month...
Helping Teacher Educators in Institutions of Higher Learning to Prepare Prospective and Practicing Teachers to Teach Mathematics to Young Children

Research shows that young children possess surprising mathematical abilities and can benefit from Early Mathematics Education, which can lay a sound foundation for mathematics learning. Yet institutions of higher education generally provide their students with inadequate preparation in teaching mathematics to young children. To ameliorate this unfortunate situation, I have been working with colleagues on development of a comprehensive set of materials that teacher educators—usually professors and instructors in institutions of higher learning—can use in their teaching, either live or online. This paper describes a framework for training teacher educators and their students and presents an account of materials that can be used to promote understanding of the relevant mathematics, mathematical thinking of young children, and the kind of formative assessment that can be useful for teachers.
Machine Learning Applications for Earth Observation

Machine learning has found many applications in remote sensing. These applications range from retrieval algorithms to bias correction, from code acceleration to detection of disease in crops, from classification of pelagic habitats to rock type classification. As a broad subfield of artificial intelligence, machine learning is concerned with algorithms and techniques that allow computers to “learn” by example. The major focus of machine learning is to extract information from data automatically by computational and statistical methods. Over the last decade there has been considerable progress in developing a machine learning methodology for a variety of Earth Science applications involving trace gases, retrievals, aerosol products, land surface products, vegetation indices, and most recently, ocean applications. In this chapter, we will review some examples of how machine learning has already been useful for remote sensing and some likely future applications.
A Historical Perspective on RNA Editing

The known examples of RNA editing now encompass a variety of alterations of RNA primary sequence that arise from base modifications, nucleotide insertions or deletions, and nucleotide replacements. Hence, the definition of RNA editing has evolved as new systems have been described. This chapter presents a historical perspective on some of the pivotal discoveries that helped direct the current avenues of research in the field of RNA editing.
Percolated Nearness: Immanence of Life and a Material Phenomenology of Time

Michel Henry’s radicalization of the question of phenomenology begins with Husserl’s intentional consciousness that originally constitutes time. He identifies the consciousness of the “now” as the unifying structure predicated on the constitutive move of first-putting-at-a-distance, whereby intentionality establishes itself as the transcendental mode of self-givenness, according to which pure phenomenality originally becomes a phenomenon. His phenomenological re-grounding of impressional consciousness, and of impressionality as pure and absolute phenomenality embraced in the pathos of life, implies, then, a different mode of temporal appearing manifested in nearness. For this mode of temporal nearness, Michel Serres’s philosophy of time in the form of percolation and its percolated nearness presents an impressional model in a shared rethinking toward a material phenomenology of time.
Flügel im Luftmeer

Das dichte Flugverkehrsnetz, das heutzutage Lander und Meere uberspannt, erfordert eine genaue Kenntnis der Winde im allgemeinen und der Strahlstrome im besonderen. Die Zuverlassigkeit der Wettervorhersagen, die von den verschiedenen meteorologischen Diensten ausgegeben werden, hangt in entscheidender Weise von der Genauigkeit ab, mit der die einzelnen meteorologischen Parameter, wie z. B. Wind und Temperatur, in der freien Atmosphare gemessen werden konnen. Wenn wir uns auf diese Messungen nicht verlassen konnen, so konnen wir den Vorhersagen ebensowenig Glauben schenken.
Sleepiness as a pathway linking race and socioeconomic status with academic and cognitive outcomes in middle childhood.

Abstract Objectives This study examined self-reported sleepiness as a pathway of effects underlying racial and socioeconomic disparities in children's academic and cognitive performance. Design The study design was longitudinal, and path modeling was used to test study hypotheses. Setting Data were collected from participants residing in semirural communities and small towns surrounding Auburn, AL. Participants Children (N = 282; 52% boys) participated in the study when they were 9 (M = 9.44, SD = .71) and 11 (M = 11.33, SD = .69) years old. The sample was 65% White/European American and 35% Black/African American. The majority of the children (63%) were living at or below the poverty line. Measurements At age 9, children reported on their daytime sleepiness over the prior 2 weeks. At ages 9 and 11, children completed cognitive assessments in the laboratory, teachers reported on children's academic functioning, and schools provided state (Alabama) standardized test scores. Results African American children and children from lower socioeconomic status homes reported greater sleepiness. Greater sleepiness, in turn, predicted lower academic functioning, cognitive performance, and Alabama standardized test scores. Sleepiness was a significant intervening variable, but not a mediator, in these pathways. Race was a stronger predictor of sleepiness than socioeconomic status when both were entered in the same model. Conclusions Results highlight sleepiness as a pathway of effects linking race and socioeconomic status to academic and cognitive outcomes. Psychoeducation targeting sleepiness for African American and lower–socioeconomic status children may be beneficial for boosting achievement.
Super Water-Repellent Cellulose Acetate Mats

A single-step synthesis of super-water-repellent oil sorbents based on cellulose acetate (CA) mats is reported in this paper. Key phenomenological mechanisms involving roughness and changes in chemistry are used to describe the change in hydrophobic behavior of the CA mats. Contact angle calculations followed by Cassie's model apparent contact angle prediction have shown roughness alone is not capable of producing the super-hydrophobicity exhibited by as-spun mats. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of spin coated and electrospun mats shows a significant difference in the stretching of the hydroxyl bonds of the two materials. As it is this hydroxyl group which adds to the overall polarity of surface thus hydrophilicity of the material, we propose that the electrospinning process not only creates a rougher surface but also alters the chemistry of the electrospun cellulose acetate mats which ultimately gives rise to the reported hydrophobicity. Finally, due to their water repellent nature, and oleophilicity of the as-spun mats were tested as oil sorbent mats. The as-spun mats were capable of absorbing thirty times their weight in oil demonstrating their application for oil-water remediation.
Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)

This chapter presents a brief overview of spread spectrum technique and shows how it relates to CDMA technology. Orthogonal codes and their properties are presented and show how orthogonal codes are generated and used to design CDMA radio. It is shown that CDMA capacity directly relates to code length.
Value-based healthcare delivery models in oncology: A systematic review.

6525Background: With the rising cost of health care in the US has come increasing emphasis on optimizing value. Value-based healthcare delivery models are designed to maximize outcomes and minimize...
Localized impact stress concentrations in soft armors due to microscale projectile edge geometries

Although extensive focus has been placed on the ballistic performance of projectiles with certain macroscale geometries and dimensions, the microscale geometries are not as rigorously standardized....
Nutritional Considerations of the Gluten-Free Diet

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune-related disease causing inflammation in the small intestine triggered by the ingestion of gluten in the diet. The gluten-free diet (GFD) is the only treatment. Nutritional deficiencies of macronutrients and micronutrients are frequently found in untreated or newly diagnosed CD. A registered dietitian nutritionist is uniquely qualified to educate on the GFD and assess and support nutritional status at diagnosis and long term as well as helping patients with nonresponsive CD. Quality of life is important to address in individuals with CD because the GFD affects all aspects of life.
Herpes zoster infection

### What you need to know Herpes zoster is caused by reactivation of a primary infection with varicella zoster virus.1 After a primary infection, the virus lies dormant in dorsal root or cranial nerve ganglia. Reactivation causes the typical dermatomal pain and vesicular rash (fig 1). Fig 1 Vesicular rash caused by herpes zoster Varicella zoster (commonly known as chickenpox) and herpes zoster (commonly known as shingles) are caused by the same herpes virus. Varicella follows the initial infection and causes a generalised rash, whereas herpes zoster occurs after reactivation, years later, and symptoms are usually localised to a specific dermatome. The overall annual incidence of herpes zoster in the UK is estimated to be 1.85-3.9 cases per 1000 population,2 increasing with age from fewer than two cases per 1000 among people under 50 to 11 cases per 1000 among people aged 80 or older. In the US, incidence ranges from 1.2 to 3.4 cases per 1000 person years, increasing with age to 3.9 to 11.8 cases per 1000 person years among people aged 65 or older.34 ### Who is at risk? Over 90% of adults in the US have serological evidence of primary varicella …
Topologies in Locally Compact Groups.

Introduction In this paper some questions raised by GREENLEAF and Ross are solved. The answer to one of these questions generalizes a recent result of HEWITT on the stronger locally compact group topologies in R" than the usual one. The answer to another question of Ross shows that the topology of a locally compact abelian group is determined by the family of all of its closed subgroups only, up to a homeomorphism. The three results proved in this paper are the following: i) Let G be a locally compact abelian group with a topology ~. (z is assumed to be Hausdorff.) Let (G, z) contain an open subgroup of the form H x R" where H is compact and n ~ 0. Let 'k' be an integer such that 0 _ 0 be an integer and let q~ : Rr---,H be a continuous isomorphism of R r into H and such that ~o(R')nL= {0} where 0 is the identity of G. Now give q~(R r) the topology which makes q~ a homeomorphism. Let L" ~o(R r) × R k be the group generated by LW~o(Rr)wR k in G. Give this group L. q~(W) × R k the product topology of L × ~0(R ~) × R k where L and R k get the relative topology and ¢p(R r) gets the topology described above. Let r t be the topology on G making it a locally compact group and such that L~0(W) × R k is open in (G, T1) and also such that the relative topology on L" ~0(R ~) × R k is the same as the product topology described above. Then • ~ ~ z and (G, r t) is a locally compact group. Conversely every topology T 1 on G such that ~ > r and (G, ~ ) is a locally compact group arises this way. ii) Let G be a locally compact abelian group with a non-discrete topology T. Suppose that the only stronger topologies ~ on G than T such that (G, ~1) is again a locally compact group are either r itself or the discrete topology. Then G contains as an open subgroup either the real line or the circle or the p-adic integers (t9 being a prime number) with usual addition and topology. iii) Let G be an abelian group with two topologies rl and ~2 in both of which it becomes a locally compact group. Let (G, z~) and (G, ~2) have the same set of closed subgroups. Let G* be the dual of (G, ~ ) and G* that of (G, T2). Then the following holds: (a) If(G, zl) or (G, T2) is totally disconnected then ~1 = ~2. (This result is true even if G is not abelian.) (b) If (G, ~1) or (G, r2) is compactly generated then (G, zl) and (G, r2) are topologically isomorphic. (c) (G, r l ) and (G, z2) are homeomorphic as topological spaces. (d) G~' and G* are isomorphic as abstract groups and homeomorphic as topological spaces.
The Commodification of Information and the Extension of Proprietary Rights into the Public Domain: Recent Legal (Case and Other) Developments in the United States

As the National Information Infra- structure develops new avenues for information products and services will open. Creating, identifying and protecting the information market space is a critical component to the success of information product and service developments. As a result, the producers of those products and service seek to protect their proprietary interest in the underlying information. However, these actions have broader consequences: Attempts to extend legal protection to basic facts and other public domain information demonstrate that the public information space is slowly being reduced. Reviewing several information controversies as case studies is fruitful. Not only for assessing current trends in information disputes (warfare) but can form the basis for establishing several predictors useful in determining when future information ownership controversies may develop and result in the loss of public information space. One set of predictors helps define the information controversy and is descriptive. The second set of predictors characterizes the marketplace environment. It provides further nuance to the economic factors that force information owners to seek legal remedy. Identifying instances where both models suggest a change in information rights or ownership is most likely to result in the critical loss of access to public information space.
Benchtop isolation of radioactive and stable isotopes by ICP-MS

Abstract Our previous research has demonstrated the production of ultra-pure isotopes on the ng- μ g scale with high purity >99.999% enabled by modifications to an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). This technique can also be used to improve radiometric measurements for alpha and beta counting using the isotopic selectivity, low-energy ion deposition technique. The results confirm the utility of this method for developing isotope tracers that can improve the precision and accuracy in trace mass spectrometry measurements. In order to increase throughput, a modified implant mechanism has been developed that can rotate thereby allowing several sequential implants without venting the back-end of the instrument. The details of this modification are discussed and results of isolating and implanting several Nd isotopes are presented.
O-034 Thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke in nonagenarians compared to octogenarians

Introduction Recent landmark randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) leads to improved outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to large vessel occlusion (LVO). Although elderly patients were excluded from several of these initial trials, the available data suggests a benefit of EVT in octogenarian patients with AIS due to LVO. However, the efficacy of EVT in the nonagenarian patient population remains uncertain. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of a prospectively-maintained stroke database at a single comprehensive stroke center. Inclusion criteria were: age 80–99 years, LVO, core infarct Results 108 patients met inclusion criteria, including 79 octogenarians (73%) and 29 nonagenarians (27%). Mean octogenarian age was 84.2 years (SD 2.8) versus 92 years (SD 2.3) in nonagenarians. Nonagenarians were more likely to be female (86% versus 58%; p Conclusions Nonagenarian patients undergoing EVT for AIS due to LVO are at significantly higher risk of symptomatic reperfusion hemorrhage compared with octogenarians, despite similar stroke- and treatment-related factors. While there was a strong trend towards higher mortality rates and worse long-term functional outcomes in nonagenarians, the difference was not statistically significant in this relatively small retrospective study. Additional prospective and randomized studies are necessary to evaluate the efficacy of EVT in elderly patients, including nonagenarians. Disclosures E. Sussman: None. B. Martin: None. M. Mlynash: None. M. Marks: None. D. Marcellus: None. G. Albers: None. M. Lansberg: None. R. Dodd: None. H. Do: None. J. Heit: None.
Energy-Efficient Power Control in Wireless Networks With Spatial Deep Neural Networks

The energy-efficient power control of interfering links in a large wireless network is a challenging task. In this paper, we propose a deep learning based power control scheme, termed PowerNet, that uses the devices’ geographical location information (GLI). We show that it is possible to bypass the complex channel estimation process and directly perform power control with GLI when the channel state information (CSI) can be viewed as a function of distance dependent path-loss. The time consuming and complex channel estimation process can thus be avoided. Moreover, with a proper training, PowerNet transforms the on-line complexity to off-line training, and is amenable for real-time services. Different from conventional deep neural network (DNN) that adopts fully connected structure, the proposed PowerNet leverages convolutional layers to better capture the interference pattern across different links in large wireless networks and utilizes deep residual learning to further enhance its robustness. Simulation results demonstrate that PowerNet can achieve a near-optimal performance at a remarkably high speed without explicit channel estimation. PowerNet also exhibits a great generalization ability in terms of problem sizes and channel fading types.
Expanding the Toolbox: Why the Citizen-State Encounter Demands It

This paper argues for the importance of the citizen – state encounter as the focal point for public administration research. It urges theory development and testing that humanizes practice, provide...
Awareness and use of biodiversity collections by fish biologists

A survey of 280 fish biologists from a diverse pool of disciplines was conducted in order to assess the use made of biodiversity collections and how collections can better collect, curate and share the data they have. From the responses, data for how fish biologists use collections, what data they find the most useful, what factors influence the decisions to use collections, how they access the data and explore why some fish biologists make the decision to not use biodiversity collections is collated and reported. The results of which could be used to formulate sustainability plans for collections administrators and staff who curate fish biodiversity collections, while also highlighting the diversity of data and uses to researchers.
Characteristics of Open Globe Injuries in the United States From 2006 to 2014.

Importance Open globe injuries can lead to substantial visual morbidity and lifelong sequelae. Interventions to reduce the burden of open globe injuries in the United States require a better understanding of these injuries through well-designed epidemiologic investigations. Objective To examine the incidence, common injury mechanisms, and economic burden of open globe injuries in the United States. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective, cross-sectional study of US nationwide emergency department (ED) data assessed all ED visits of patients with a primary diagnosis of open globe injury in the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2014. Data analysis was performed from August 29, 2018, to November 11, 2019. Main Outcomes and Measures Annual incidence of open globe injuries by age, sex, mechanism of injury, and concomitant diagnosis, as well as median charges associated with open globe injuries and variables associated with hospitalization. Results A total of 124 989 ED visits for open globe injuries were assessed, with an incidence of 4.49 per 100 000 population in the United States from 2006 to 2014 (mean [SD] age of study participants, 37.7 [22.5] years; 94 078 [75.3%] male). The incidence was highest in 2006 (5.88 per 100 000 population) and decreased by 0.3% per month between 2006 and 2014 (incidence rate ratio, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.99-0.99;P Conclusions and Relevance The incidence of open globe injuries in the United States decreased from 2006 to 2014. Although the data are from 5 to 13 years ago, these findings appear to provide valuable information for targeting preventive measures toward individuals at highest risk; targeting young men with lower socioeconomic status and individuals 70 years or older at an increased risk of falls may help lower the incidence of open globe injuries.
Postcarbon Amnesia: Toward a Recognition of Racial Grief in Renewable Energy Futures:

Climate justice activists envision a “postcarbon” future that not only transforms energy infrastructures but also redresses the fossil fuel economy’s long-standing racial inequalities. Yet this ant...
EARLY DETECTION AND TREATMENT OF AGE-RELATED COGNITIVE DECLINE

Abstract Jennifer Gatchel (Symposium Co-chair) will introduce the speakers and then present data from the Harvard Aging Brain Study and screening data from the Anti-Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic Alzheimer's Disease (A4) Study. Mood, cognition, and PET data from 4,486 participants will be presented from the A4 Study and from 135 participants from the Harvard Aging Brain Study. These unpublished data show associations among neuropsychiatric symptoms, cognition, and in vivo neuroimaging biomarkers—amyloid and tau—in cognitively unimpaired individuals. Findings support cortical amyloid and regional cerebral tau as risk factors for cognitive decline in older adults. Davangere Devanand will review the evidence that olfactory identification deficits predict the development of Alzheimer's dementia, and show that olfactory impairments are superior to episodic verbal memory deficits in predicting cognitive decline. He will present data from a large community sample showing that intact performance on brief global cognitive and olfactory tests is associated with lack of transition to dementia during follow-up. These unique data will show that in 711 subjects, intact olfactory and cognitive abilities were protective with few transitions to dementia and none in the 70-75 and 81-83 years age groups. Terry Goldberg will review the apolipoprotein E e4 allele (APOE e4) as a risk factor for Alzheimer's dementia, and present unpublished data from the National Alzheimer's Consortium database showing that the apolipoprotein E e2 (APOE e2) genotype is protective against amyloid and tau pathologies of Alzheimer's disease but not Lewy body pathology, fronto-temporal or related tauopathy dementias as identified by gold standard neuropathological diagnosis. He will describe unpublished genetic and pathologic results from the Alzheimer's NACC consortium (N=1557) showing that APOE e2 protects against Alzheimer's and APOE e4 promotes Lewy body pathology in limbic and cortical regions but not midbrain. Gary Small (Symposium Chair) will moderate the audience questions and panel responses after presenting new data from randomized controlled trials indicating the cognitive benefits of pomegranate juice, bioavailable curcumin, or physical exercise – all strategies that reduce inflammation. These findings, as well as previous research on medications, physical activity, diet, obesity, and other risk/protective factors, suggest that several anti-inflammatory interventions may protect brain health and lower the risk for Alzheimer's dementia. He will describe data from placebo-controlled trials of memory effects of pomegranate juice (N=260) and curcumin (N=40), and a trial of memory training/aerobic exercise (N=55).
Finite-Difference Time-Domain Methods for Electrodynamics

The FDTD method belongs in the general class of grid-based differential numerical modeling methods (finite-difference methods). The time-dependent Maxwell’s equations (in partial differential form) are discretized using central-difference approximations to the space and time partial derivatives. The resulting finite-difference equations are solved in either software or hardware in a leapfrog manner: the electric field vector components in a volume of space are solved at a given instant in time; then the magnetic field vector components in the same spatial volume are solved at the next instant in time; and the process is repeated over and over again until the desired transient or steady-state electromagnetic field behavior is fully evolved.”
Abstract 6583: Systems scale characterization of malignant pleural mesothelioma to discover novel therapies

We have built a platform integrating systems genetics and functional genomics for the discovery of therapies to eradicate residual microscopic tumor foci after surgical resection of the deadly cancer malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Using our SYstems Genetics Network AnaLysis (SYGNAL) network inference pipeline we constructed a malignant pleural mesothelioma gene regulatory network to discover disease causing TFs and miRNAs regulatory interactions. We then overlaid the MPM gene regulatory network with significant hits from pooled CRISPR-Cas9 knock-out out growth functional genomics screens in low passage number MPM patient-derived cell lines. We then queried this integrated network to identify patient survival associated TFs and miRNAs that when knocked-down (siRNA) or over-expressed (miRNA mimic), respectively, are likely to have anti-proliferative effects in low passage number patient-derived cell lines. The perturbation of a majority of these TFs and miRNAs led to significantly lower proliferation in the patient-derived cell lines. Further, the expression of the regulator or its target genes should function as a biomarker(s) for whether therapy will be effective for a particular patient9s tumor. We are currently working with our collaborator at the NCI to develop these siRNA and miRNAs into their existing miRNA mimic hydrogel delivery system and test them in orthotopic xenografts using the low passage number patient derived cell lines. Citation Format: Sierra F. Wilferd, Chuong D. Hoang, Christopher L. Plaisier. Systems scale characterization of malignant pleural mesothelioma to discover novel therapies [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 6583.
Invariant Signatures of Architecture, Engineering, and Construction Objects to Support BIM Interoperability between Architectural Design and Structural Analysis

AbstractThere has been an increasing demand in building information modeling (BIM) for structural analysis. However, model exchange between architectural software and structural analysis software, ...
656 Time to diagnostic clarity for suspected checkpoint-inhibitor pneumonitis in patients with lung cancer

Background Optimal diagnostic algorithm to differentiate checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) from mimics is uncertain; patients with respiratory comorbidities often receive prolonged corticosteroids until diagnostic clarification. Drawbacks to empiric use of corticosteroids include decreased immunotherapy (IO) efficacy and increased infectious risk. This retrospective study systematically collected data on patients treated for lung cancer who were suspected to have severe CIP. Methods This single-center retrospective cohort study collected data on all lung cancer patients who received > 1 dose of an immune checkpoint inhibitor between 6/1/18 and 2/1/20 (n=210), were subsequently hospitalized and received > 1 dose of systemic corticosteroids for any indication (n=97). Data were collected on clinical factors including comorbidities, cancer stage, IO cycles, biomarkers, diagnostic work-up, antibiotics, steroids, progression, and survival. A blinded radiologist reviewed all imaging of suspected CIP cases and categorized their radiographic patterns. Results In our high-risk cohort of 97 patients, median follow-up was 23 months with progression in 54 patients (56%) at median 11 months and death in 67 patients (69%) at median 14mo. Twelve patients (12%) were suspected to have severe CIP after IO treatment for lung cancer; CIP was confirmed in 5/12 and ruled-out (mimics) in 7/12 after 30 and 3 median IO cycles, respectively. Most suspected patients underwent CXR, CTA chest, blood cultures, and received empiric antibiotics. Common radiographic patterns were ground-glass opacities, organizing pneumonia, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and acute interstitial pneumonia/acute respiratory distress syndrome (AIP/ARDS) among confirmed cases (4/5) and ground-glass opacities, organizing pneumonias, bronchiolitis, AIP/ARDS among mimics (4/7). The median time to confirm CIP or rule out a mimic was 5 ± 4 days. Median time to onset of symptoms differed substantially for confirmed and mimic cases: 17 months and 1 month, respectively. Conclusions CIP mimics were more common than confirmed cases in routine clinical practice, particularly among patients hospitalized for respiratory symptoms Ethics Approval The study was approved by Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center‘s Ethics Board, IRB approval number 00044126
Older-age bipolar disorder

Abstract Older-age bipolar disorder (OABD) occurs in a growing population of individuals around the globe, with new onset mania or hypomania sometimes occurring in the 5th decade of life or even later. A major consideration for clinical care is the wide prevalence of comorbid medical illnesses, particularly cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Evidence-based pharmacotherapies for mixed-age adults are generally appropriate in OABD, as long as dosing and titration consider reduced drug tolerability and risk for adverse effects. Future research needs to address remaining questions regarding the role of neurodegeneration in OABD, strategies to reduce medical burden, and more interventional studies specific to OABD.