cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and SAR of selective benzothiophene, benzofuran, and indole-based peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ agonists

Recent literature has suggested the benefit of selective PPARdelta agonists for the treatment of atherosclerosis and other disease states associated with the metabolic syndrome. Herein we report the synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of novel and selective PPARdelta agonists. Our search began with identification of a novel benzothiophene template which was modified by the addition of various thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, and benzyloxy-benzyl moieties. Further elucidation of the SAR led to the identification of benzofuran and indole based templates. During the course of our research, we discovered three new chemical templates with varying degrees of affinity and potency for PPARdelta versus the PPARalpha and PPARgamma subtypes.
Do African-American Female Stereotypes Still Exist in Television? A Descriptive Character Analysis of Olivia Pope

Scandal, the first network drama in decades to star an African-American woman, reaches millions of viewers on a weekly basis. This study examined if main character Olivia Pope is a reflection of popular AfricanAmerican female stereotypes in television. A sample of nine episodes was used to quantitatively measure whether Pope exemplifies the “Mammy,” the “Jezebel,” or the “Sapphire.” Analysis showed that although Pope embodies characteristics of all these stereotypes, they are presented in a different way than what is commonly seen on television.
Preliminary investigation of CBCT imaging optimization for Image-guided radiation therapy

Flat-panel-based cone-beam CT (CBCT) has become an important tool for Image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT). However, repeated use of CBCT imaging can result in a high accumulated radiation dose, which poses a health concern to patients. Current CBCT for IGRT also suffers from poor image quality. Thus it is important to reduce patient dose, and improve image quality of current CBCT used in IGRT. In recent years, a great deal of effort has been devoted to the development of optimization-based (i.e. iterative) image reconstruction algorithms for the purpose of reducing CBCT imaging dose or improving CBCT image quality. It has been shown that iterative reconstruction techniques may yield images of improved quality over standard analytic-based algorithms from both low-dose diagnostic CBCT data and sparse-view flat-panel-based CBCT data. However, CBCT image quality is related with both the exposure level per view and number of views at which projections are collected. It is important to explore the trade-off between the view number and exposure level for optimization-based algorithms for the purpose of both dose reduction and image quality improvement purposes. In this work, we performed a preliminary study of optimizing the CBCT imaging quality for IGRT with optimization-based reconstruction algorithms. The preliminary results show that the image quality of ASD-POCS is relatively stable across a wide range of views and exposure levels and seems to indicate that view sampling around one view per degree is more optimal than a higher sampling density with the same total exposure.
Survey of Patient Insurance Status on Access to Specialty Foot and Ankle Care Under the Affordable Care Act

Background:The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of insurance type (Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurance) on access to foot and ankle surgeons for total ankle arthroplasty.Methods:We called 240 foot and ankle surgeons who performed total ankle arthroplasty in 8 representative states (California, Massachusetts, Ohio, New York, Florida, Georgia, Texas, and North Carolina). The caller requested an appointment for a fictitious patient to be evaluated for a total ankle arthroplasty. Each office was called 3 times to assess the responses for Medicaid, Medicare, and BlueCross. From each call, we recorded appointment success or failure and any barriers to an appointment, such as need for a referral.Results:Patients with Medicaid were less likely to receive an appointment compared to patients with Medicare (19.8% vs 92.0%, P < .0001) or BlueCross (19.8% vs 90.4%, P < .0001) and experienced more requests for referrals compared to patients with Medicare (41.9% vs 1.6%, P < .0001) or BlueCross (41.9...
The Broken Spiral Theorem

One of the classical problems (Abel's Test) set for students in elementary complex analysis is a generalization of the Alternating Series Theorem. It concerns the series ?00=Oa,,z ", where {a,,) is a sequence of positive numbers decreasing to 0 and Izl = 1. The proof that the series converges except possibly at z = 1 is usually done by summation by parts, but this proof does not probe the essence of the result. For many years, I have been using a geometric proof of this theorem, which does not appear in the literature. I offer it here. I exclude the case z = -1, which is the Alternating Series Theorem. I denote the sum of the first n terms of the series by sn, and join consecutive values by a line segment, which will have length a,,. Consecutive segments meet at an angle of T larg(z) j. Let each of these angles be bisected, the bisectors at the ends of the n th segment meeting at a point called c,, so that the angle csn, 1c,,sn, = argz. In each case, the equal sides sn-Icn and cnsn are of length r, = tan, where t = 2 cscjI arg zj. Let Bn be the closed disc with center Cn and radius r,,.
Mycoparasitism by Stephanoma phaeospora.

SUMMARY Stephanoma phaeospora is a biotropic mycoparasite. It contacts its hosts by means of hook-shaped branches but does not penetrate host mycelium. Of 97 species of fungi tested, 14 were hosts to S. phaeospora; all were in the Ascomycetes or Deuteromycetes, except Ustilago avenae and U. maydis of the Basidiomycetes. Fungi in the Phycomycetes were not hosts. The parasite was deficient for an unknown growth factor, possibly mycotrophein, found in the mycelium of all the test fungi in the Ascomycetes and Deuteromycetes; only a few species of the Phycomycetes and Basidiomycetes produced a detectable amount of this factor. Some fungi, especially in the genus Aspergillus, released the growth factor into the substrate, thus supporting saprobic growth of S. phaeospora. Axenic growth of the parasite was obtained only on media supplemented with the growth factor. A standard curve is presented for bioassay of the growth factor.
Protecting the immunocompromised patient: the role of the hospital clinical engineer.

Abstract While the discipline of clinical engineering has long been limited to the area of medical equipment management, few areas in hospital engineering practice so closely meet the literal definition of "clinical" engineering as the care of the immunocompromised patient. Although ventilation has been the domain of the plant maintenance department, the increasing numbers of clinical engineers being given responsibility for plant functions, as well as the critical nature of the topic, make the care of the bone marrow transplant (BMT) patient an appropriate area of clinical engineering practice. Further, as clinical engineering branches out of the equipment management area, the clinical engineer can be truly termed the "hospital engineer".
Technical analysis of testing results for lightning current amplitude in 27 years on 220 kV Xin-Hang No.1 line

There were 716 lightning strokes recorded at 220 kV Xin-Hang No.1 line during the past 27 years from 1962 to 1988.According to these records,the causes of lightning flashover including shielding failure stroke and back-shielding failure stroke were analyzed and therefore shielding-failure stroke rate and lightning trip-out rate were obtained.The improvement anti-lightning stroke measure was proved by the variation of lightning trip-out rate and the tower-drainage of lightning current.The high-frequency-lightning stroke spots and susceptible-to-striking points were defined by the statistical results of the lightning stroke position of the line which can provide a reference for improving lightning protection measures focally and selectively.In addition,these data determined practically were carried out classification and statistics to derive the lightning natural parameters of accumulative probability distribution etc.for lightning current amplitude value of this line.
Utilizing Retrospective Miscue Analysis Strategies With Fifth Grade Readers: Focus on Comprehension

The purpose of this action research endeavor was to change the culture of an accuracy view of reading to one of comprehension in a fifth grade classroom. The goal was to establish a common vocabulary and to revalue the process of reading. A constant comparative method of data analysis was used throughout the study to observe changes in students’ view of reading and use of miscue vocabulary. By the end of this study, students actively monitored comprehension, rather than trying to produce an oral reading event with 100% word accuracy.
A 61-Year-Old Man With Shortness of Breath, Ascites, and Lower Extremity Edema

A 61-year-old man presented with an 18-month history of progressive shortness of breath on exertion, fatigue, worsening bilateral lower extremity edema, abdominal swelling, and increased assistance with activities of daily living. Pertinent past medical history included right-sided pneumonia secondary to Streptococcus pneumoniae that was complicated by empyema, requiring right-sided video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery with decortication 2 years earlier. He had a negative cardiac history, no recent travel in the last 3 years, and no known exposure to tuberculosis. His medications included aspirin and daily furosemide. His symptoms appeared to be refractory to diuretic therapy. Previous workup 6 months earlier included an echocardiography (ECHO) showing enlarged left and right atria with a normal ejection fraction, and a catheterization of the left side of the heart with reported normal left ventricular function and unobstructed coronary arteries.
Implications for Future Research and Policy

Our primary concern in this book has been with recent advances in the economics of public utility regulation. In this chapter we will briefly restate the main lines that these advances have taken and discuss what we believe to be the most promising avenues for future research and some of the implications for regulatory policy.
New Wave’s Rise in the U.K.

Perhaps nothing better captures the spirit of British new wave music than the phrase, originating in 1984, ‘Frankie Say Relax.’ Emblazoned in tall black letters across oversized white t-shirts, it was a far cry from the Sex Pistols’ call for ‘Anarchy in the U.K.’ just eight years earlier. The Pistols’ anthem, which advocated the wholesale destruction of cultural institutions from council tenancies to traffic lights, made a clear and urgent political statement: ‘Right! Now!’ Johnny Rotten sneers during the opening bars of ‘Anarchy.’ ‘Frankie Say Relax,’ on the other hand, borders on nonsensical (the ‘Say,’ though grammatically correct, seems wrong, helping to undermine the message), an empty set of words with no signification.
The Future of Ethnogeriatrics

Although predictions of the future are usually difficult and frequently temporary, it is relatively safe to assume that the future will see growing importance of the field of ethnogeriatrics. As healthcare institutions attempt to cope with the rapidly growing older population in the context of the growing hyperdiversity of populations with which they are faced [1], there seems little doubt that issues discussed in the previous chapters of this volume become increasingly salient for providers, planners, patients, and families.
The Parade of Horribles Lives: Schuette V. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action, Integration, and Immigrant Rights and Fight for Equality by Any Means Necessary

In Washington v. Seattle School District No. 1, 458 U.S. 457 (1982), Justice Powell in dissent expressed fear that the majority’s logic could lead to absurd results—results very much like those arrived at in the Sixth Circuit’s recent decision in the Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action, Integration, and Immigrant Rights and Fight of Equality By Any Means Necessary. The majority in Washington pooh-poohed that fear, claiming that the “horribles paraded by the dissent … are entirely unrelated to this case.” Maybe the majority should have paid more attention to Justice Powell.
Structures of Molecular Ions from Laser Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

The status of molecular ion spectroscopy was elegantly reviewed by Dr. G. H. Herzberg in his Faraday Lecture to the Chemical Society [1] in September of 1971. As of that time thirty-three diatomic ions and six polyatomic ions had been studied by spectroscopic methods. All of these had been observed by absorption or emission in the visible region of the spectrum, except for H 2 + ; it had become the first molecular ion to be detected by a high resolution (better than the optical Doppler width) technique in 1968 through the work of K. B. Jefferts [2].
Fact-Checking Effectiveness as a Function of Format and Tone: Evaluating FactCheck.org and FlackCheck.org:

This experiment explores the role of information format (print vs. video) and tone (humorous–nonhumorous) in shaping message interest and belief correction in the context of political fact-checking (N = 525). To understand the mechanisms by which audience misperceptions may be reduced, this experiment tests the belief-correcting effectiveness of a humorous fact-checking video produced by Flackcheck.org, a long-form FactCheck.org print article on the same topic, a nonhumorous video debunking the same set of claims, an unrelated humorous video, and a non-stimulus control group. Mediating psychological mechanisms (message interest, counterargumentation, message discounting) and message perceptions (message confusion) are explored. Results suggest video (humorous or nonhumorous) is an effective way to reduce audience misperceptions by increasing message attention and reducing confusion.
Teen Dating Violence Victimization Among High School Students: A Multilevel Analysis of School-Level Risk Factors.

BACKGROUND Much etiologic research has focused on individual-level risk factors for teen dating violence (TDV); therefore, less is known about school-level and neighborhood-level risk factors. We examined the association between alcohol outlet density around high schools and TDV victimization and the association between markers of physical disorder around schools and TDV victimization among adolescents. METHODS Data come from high school students participating in the Maryland Safe and Supportive Schools Initiative. Alcohol outlet density was calculated using walking distance buffers around schools. An observational tool was used to assess indicators of physical disorder on school property (eg, alcohol and drug paraphernalia). Hierarchical linear modeling was used to identify student- and school-level predictors associated with TDV victimization. RESULTS Overall, 11% of students reported experiencing physical TDV and 11% reported experiencing psychological TDV over the past year. Recent alcohol use was a risk factor for TDV victimization for both sexes, whereas feeling safe at school was protective against TDV victimization for both sexes. Greater alcohol outlet density was associated with decreased TDV victimization for males, however, it was nonsignificant for females. Physical disorder around schools was not associated with TDV victimization for either sex. CONCLUSION Although the school-level predictors were not associated with TDV victimization, alcohol use and perceptions of safety at school were significantly associated with TDV victimization. Prevention efforts to address alcohol use may affect TDV victimization.
Resolved Resonance Parameters for 238U from 1 to 10 keV

The s-wave strength function from 676 resonances between 0.9 and 10.0 keV is reported from a consistent least-squares simultaneous-sample shape analysis of the Oak Ridge Electron Linear Accelerator...
Feeling healthy: how teacher personal health beliefs influence roles for promoting student health

AbstractPer evidence-based frameworks, the health of faculty and staff is integral to the school health environment. However, little empirical evidence exists to support the relationship between healthy teachers and healthy students. Thus, this study explored the cognitive association between teachers’ perceptions of personal health beliefs and organizational roles for promoting health in students. Teachers from six public school districts in the state of Missouri, USA, varying in size from 2000 to greater than 10,000 students, participated in the study (n = 197). Data were collected using a 107 item online questionnaire. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were used to analyse the data. On average, teachers felt capable promoting healthy attitudes and behaviours in students, but generally did not consider it as part of their organizational role. While significant correlations between teacher personal health beliefs and role perceptions were identified (r = .155 − .477, p < .05), only teacher int...
Who Enrolls in a Quit Smoking Program with Yoga Therapy

OBJECTIVES Yoga may improve stress, affect, and weight control, all of which are commonly cited barriers to quitting smoking. However, the importance of these concerns may vary by sex, race, ethnicity, and age. We examined smoking-relevant characteristics of individuals enrolling in an 8-week randomized controlled trial testing yoga as a complementary treatment to standard smoking cessation. METHODS Of 958 callers, 227 were eligible and enrolled. RESULTS The sample was 55% female, 86% non-Hispanic white, with a mean age of 46 years (SD = 12). Males smoked more cigarettes/ day than females and had lower motivation to quit smoking. Females were more likely to smoke for weight control, social and mood-related reasons, and had higher expectations for the efficacy of yoga. Age was negatively associated with the presence of other smokers in the household, and smoking in response to negative moods, and was positively associated with smoking rate, and confidence in quitting. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that both males and females were interested in a program offering yoga as a complementary therapy for smoking cessation. However, there were both sex and age-related differences with respect to smoking-related variables that may suggest a need to adapt the intervention for sub-populations.
Vocabulary Development in Science: Studying a Middle School Sheltered Classroom

This article reports how science literacy development, particularly vocabulary development occurred in a sixth-grade sheltered science classroom as a part of an eight-month ethnographic study. Specifically, the research asks how language development occurs in the science classroom from the perspective of social semiotics. The study takes a multimodal social semiotic perspective to examine how English Learners (ELs) make meaning of science vocabulary. Qualitative methods are used and the data include video and audio recordings of science lessons, field notes, formal and informal interviews with teacher and students, and classroom artifacts. Findings demonstrate that although science vocabulary was embedded in the multimodal science curriculum, actual language development was limited. The study expands the current knowledge base for developing literacy skills in science and challenges researchers and educators to reexamine the current practice on how to incorporate effective literacy education in the content area of science.
Automatic Seagrass Disturbance Pattern Identification on Sonar Images

Natural and anthropogenic disturbances are causing degradation and loss of seagrass cover, often in the form of bare patches (potholes) and propeller-scaring from vessels. Degradation of seagrass habitat has increased significantly in recent years with losses totaling some 110 km2 per year. With seagrass habitat disappearing at historically unprecedented rates, development of new tools for mapping these disturbances is critical to understanding habitat distribution and seagrass abundance. Current methods for mapping seagrass coverage rely on appropriate meteorological conditions (satellite imagery), are high in cost (aerial photography), or lack resolution ( in situ point surveys). All of these methods require low turbidity, and none is capable of automatically detecting bare patches (potholes) in seagrass habitat. Sonar-based methods for mapping seagrass can function in high turbidity, and are not affected by meteorological conditions. Here, we present an automatic method for detecting and quantifying potholes in sidescan sonar images collected in a very shallow, highly disturbed seagrass bed. Acoustic studies of shallow seagrass beds (<2 m) are scarce due to traditional approaches being limited by reduced horizontal swath in these depth ranges. The main challenges associated with these sidescan sonar images are random ambient noise and uneven backscatter intensity across the image. Our method combines adaptive histogram equalization and top-hat mathematical morphology transformation to remove image noises and irregularities. Then, boundaries of potholes are detected using optimum binarization as well as closing and erosion mathematical morphology filters. This method was applied to several sonar images taken from the Lower Laguna Madre in Texas at less than 2-m depth. Experimental results in comparison with ground-truthing demonstrated the effectiveness method by identifying potholes with 97% accuracy.
Detection and Analysis of Small-Amplitude Seasonal Variation in a Short Time Series:

We discuss a procedure for seasonality analyses of short time-series data with small amplitude. Such analyses are often performed in medical research. In economics, however, time series are typical...
Shielding a high-sensitivity digital detector from electromagnetic interference.

PURPOSE To document a study in shielding a high-sensitivity digital mammography system detector from AC magnetic fields of magnitudes great enough to induce imaging artifacts. METHODS/MATERIALS Preliminary evaluation of AC magnetic fields at a site designated for a digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) system raised concerns that the magnetic component of electromagnetic interference (EMI) may be great enough to induce imaging artifacts. Subsequent measurements using digital detector arrays from two separate manufacturers verified this concern, and AC magnetic fields were mapped, spatially and temporally, throughout the area of concern. A simple shielding model was developed to elucidate the physics of extremely low-frequency (ELF) EMI shielding and independently verify a commercial group's proposed shielding design and installation. Postshielding measurements were performed to demonstrate that the EMI fields were reduced to acceptable levels. RESULTS Preshielding measurements showed AC magnetic fields significantly exceeding manufacturers' tolerances for artifact-free imaging in DBT. Continuous measurements demonstrated that the EMI fields varied significantly over time. Some locations in the room routinely averaged above 30 mG and occasionally exceeded 100 mG. The source was attributed to an adjacent electrical supply room, and temporal changes of the EMI were attributed to variations of the building electrical loads. The proposed shielding primarily consisted of continuous aluminum (6.35 mm thickness) and was installed by a group specializing in electromagnetic field shielding. Postshielding measurements demonstrated that the EMI fields were significantly reduced, generally to less than 0.5 mG, and that the shielding effectively dampened the large variations due to dynamic building electrical loads. Subsequent installation and evaluation of a DBT system revealed no issues with imaging artifacts. CONCLUSIONS The successful shielding of ELF EMI involves physical principles that are not commonly encountered by medical physicists. Modern high-sensitivity digital detectors may be successfully shielded against imaging artifacts with careful application of these principles.
The Evolution of Academic-Based Geriatric Emergency Preparedness and Response (GEPR) Training for Medicine, Health, and Behavioral Sciences

This chapter provides a historical perspective of the evolution of policy, funding, training, and resources to address the age-appropriate needs of older persons and the healthcare workforce that serves them in planning, response, and recovery from disasters. The collaborative efforts are described of six U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources Services Administration (USDHHS/HRSA) funded Geriatrics Education Centers that have made a significant impact on training for health professionals, the continuum of geriatric care services, and the ability to leverage financial support. Academic courses, faculty development, clinical and practice training, and continuing education programs are described. Focused programs on mental health, acute care settings, community-based long-term care and populations with functional, access, and unique needs are included so they can be replicated in other settings to enhance academic and community disaster planning and response. Strategies are recommended to support and advance the national goals of preparedness for older adults and their families from mainstream communities as well as from culturally and functionally diverse communities. Lessons learned, unmet needs, and evolving trends are included that have significant implications for future education and resource development for geriatric emergency preparedness and response.
Poster: Hybrid Traversal: Efficient Source Code Analysis at Scale

Source code analysis at a large scale is useful for solving many software engineering problems, however, could be very expensive, thus, making its use difficult. This work proposes hybrid traversal, a technique for performing source code analysis over control flow graphs more efficiently. Analysis over a control flow graph requires traversing the graph and it can be done using several traversal strategies. Our observation is that no single traversal strategy is suitable for different analyses and different graphs. Our key insight is that using the characteristics of the analysis and the properties of the graph it is possible to select a most efficient traversal strategy for a pair. Our evaluation using a set of analyses with different characteristics and a large dataset of graphs with different properties shows up to 30% reduction in the analysis time. Further, the overhead of our technique for selecting the most efficient traversal strategy is very low; between 0.01%-0.2%.
Perú 2017: un caso extremo de gobierno dividido

En el repertorio de frases populares peruanas, el dicho “se sufre pero se goza” pue­de resumir muy bien el 2017. Durante ese ano los peruanos hemos tenido innu­merables sin sabores en el nivel social, politico y economico. El gobierno de turno, sin terminar de asentarse, tuvo que enfrentar los estragos del fenomeno del Nino, crisis ministeriales, pedidos de vacancia, entre otros, al tiempo que la economia se desaceleraba y la pobreza aumentaba. Sin embargo, creemos que para la mayoria de peruanos el 2017 tambien significa alegria, especialmente cuando recuerde el ano con la agonica clasificacion de la seleccion al Mundial de Futbol despues de 36 anos de ausencia. En este articulo tratamos resumir el contexto social y politico en 2017, enfocandonos en el eje Ejecutivo-Legislativo que determino los eventos politicos mas importantes durante el ano de analisis.
Bias Impact Analysis and Calibration of Uav-Based Mobile Lidar System

Over the past few years, developments in mobile mapping technology, specifically Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), have made accurate 3D mapping more feasible, thus emerging as an economical and practical mobile mapping platform. LiDAR-based UAV mapping systems are gaining widespread recognition as an efficient and cost-effective technique for rapid collection of 3D geospatial data. To derive point clouds with high positional accuracy, estimation of mounting parameters relating the laser scanners to the onboard GNSS/INS unit is the foremost and necessary step. In this paper, we first devise an optimal flight and target configuration by conducting a rigorous theoretical analysis of the potential impact of bias in mounting parameters of a LiDAR unit on the resultant point cloud. Then, we propose a LiDAR system calibration strategy that can directly estimate the mounting parameters for spinning multibeam laser scanners onboard a UAV through an outdoor calibration procedure.
Direct Mail Privacy-Efficiency Trade-offs within an Implied Social Contract Framework:

The authors conceptualize direct mail as an implied social contract between marketers and consumers. Four attributes constitute the direct mail social contract: volume, targeting, compensation, and...
Implications on spatial models of interstellar gamma-ray inverse-Compton emission from synchrotron emission studies in radio and microwaves

Cosmic rays interacting with gas and photon fields in the Galaxy produce interstellar gamma-ray emission (IGE), which accounts for almost 50% of the photons detected at gamma-ray energies. Models of this IGE have to be very accurate for interpreting the high-quality observations by present gamma-ray telescopes, such as Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). Standard models of IGE, used as reference models for analyses of the Fermi LAT data, show spatial discrepancies with respect to the data, underlining the necessity of more realistic models. The same CR electrons that produce the inverse-Compton component of the IGE produce also interstellar synchrotron emission observed in radio and microwave. However, present standard models do not take advantage of results coming from studies of this interstellar synchrotron emission. Accounting for such results, in this work we show how they affect the calculated spatial maps of the large-scale inverse-Compton component of the IGE, which are usually used in studies of Fermi LAT data. It is found that these results significantly affect these spatial model maps even at a 60% level. In particular, propagation models based on synchrotron studies produce a more peaked inverse-Compton emission in the inner Galaxy region with respect to the standard models used to analyze Fermi LAT data. The conclusion is that radio and microwave observations can be included in a multifrequency self-consistent approach for a more accurate modeling of the IGE finalized to a physical comprehensive interpretation of gamma-ray data and its present unexplained features. Model parameters are provided, which supply a more realistic basis for high-energy gamma-ray studies.
Modeling risk of coronary obstruction during transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Abstract Objective In this study we aimed to evaluate risk of coronary obstruction during transcatheter aortic valve replacement and develop improved criteria based on computational modeling. Methods Patient specific 3-dimensional models were constructed and validated for 28 patients out of 600 patients who were flagged as high risk for coronary obstruction (defined as meeting coronary ostium height Results Twenty-two out of 28 high-risk patients successfully underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement without coronary obstruction and 6 did not. DLC/d between the 2 groups was significantly different (P .32). A cutoff of DLC/d Conclusions Three-dimensional modeling has the potential to enable more patients to be safely treated with transcatheter aortic valve replacement who have a low-lying coronary ostium or small SOVd. DLC/d is more predictive of obstruction than coronary ostium height and SOVd.
Reintroduction approaches and challenges for Cyanea superba (Cham.) A. Gray subsp. superba

Abstract Cyanea superba (Cham.) A. Gray subsp. superba is endemic to the island of Oahu in the Hawaiian Islands, and a member of the Campanulaceae family. Cyanea superba subsp. superba was listed endangered on Sept. 11, 1991, and the last in situ plant died in 2002. It is suspected to have been pollinated by nectar-feeding birds and dispersed by frugivorous birds in the past. The U.S. Army’s natural resources program on Oahu began initial reintroduction of this species in 1998 to support its environmental requirements. The program started reintroductions with one field site in the Waianae Mountains, and has since expanded to 20 sites and over 1950 individuals planted, to date. Attempts to recover extinct plant species often require a multifaceted approach, including propagule management, threat control, and reintroduction of the species into field sites. Monitoring results suggest that reintroduction sites outside the historic range of the species have higher overall survival after five years as well as higher seedling survival. Some of the biggest challenges to the reintroduction of C. superba subsp. superba included destruction of habitat from feral pigs, and predation of stems and fruit from rats. Additional threats include invasive weeds, mites and fungal pathogens, as well as predation of seedlings from introduced slugs. Threat control is critical to the establishment and longevity of reintroduction sites. Challenges presented by the material used for restoration and disruptions in plant-animal interactions include a limited number of founder plants as source material, a lack of effective dispersers, and an approximately five year timespan from seed germination to plant maturity in restoration sites.
Initial clinical experience with Single-Port robotic (SP r) left colectomy using the SP surgical system: description of the technique

The daVinci Single-Port (SP) robot is a new robotic platform designed to overcome the challenges of Single-Incision Laparoscopic Surgery. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility and technical aspects of SP robotic (SP r) left colectomy using the SP platform. Under Institutional Review Board approval and registration on ClinicalTrials.gov, we performed SP rLeft colectomy using the daVinci SP surgical system on four patients. The primary end-point of this study was to report and describe the technical feasibility to perform SP rLeft colectomy. The secondary end-points included perioperative metrics and outcomes. Four patients underwent successful SP rLeft colectomy for diverticulitis through a single incision (average size: 4.4 cm) without intraoperative complications or conversions. The robot was docked 2.7 times on average (range 2–4). The average docking time was 8.4 min (range: 3–33 min). The mean estimated blood loss was 91 mL (range: 20–250 mL). There were no morbidities or mortalities. Patients were discharged on POD 2 and 3. We demonstrated in this initial clinical series the SP rLeft colectomy to be feasible and safe to perform in select patients. The SP robot’s single-arm design and flexible instruments have shown to provide excellent visualization and retraction with minimal collisions. We predict that the SP robot will be widely utilized in the field of colorectal surgery as it becomes available to colorectal surgeons. Further experience and larger studies are needed to define the advantages and identify the problems with the SP rLeft colectomy.
Neutrosophic Cubic Fuzzy Dombi Hamy Mean Operators with Application to Multi-Criteria Decision Making

The aim of the paper is to nd most optimistic results from among uncertain information orvague data. We theoretically use the notion of neutrosophic cubic sets to create enhanced decision-makingmodels for multi-criteria. The advantage of neutrosophic cubic sets is that it comprehends the knowledge ofneutrosophic sets and interval valued neutrosophic sets. Aggregation operators are used to retrieve the coreinformation from a collection of data. So, this research executes aggregation operators for neutrosophic cubicsets dynamically. In this paper we avail the aid of hamy mean and dombi operations to establish fuzzy dombihamy mean aggregation operators for neutrosophic cubic sets. This paper also explains the algebraic sum andscalar multiplication operations. A decision making methodology has been generated to prove the necessity ofthe proposed operators. Finally an illustration is provided from a real life decision making situation.
Anti-corruption courts and foreign direct investments

Abstract We look at the association between anti-corruption courts and foreign direct investments. We find the position of anti-corruption courts in the judicial hierarchy influences the relationship between anti-corruption courts and foreign direct investments. While First Instance Court and Hybrid Court systems are negatively associated with foreign direct investments, a Comprehensive Parallel Court system is positively associated. Additional evidence from bilateral foreign direct investments suggests that investor countries with high corruption are associated with an increase in their direct investments to countries that establish First Instance Court and Hybrid Court. However, those corrupt investor countries are associated with a decrease in direct investments if a country, instead, creates a Comprehensive Parallel Court.
OpenCGRA: An Open-Source Unified Framework for Modeling, Testing, and Evaluating CGRAs

Coarse-grained reconfigurable arrays (CGRAs), loosely defined as arrays of functional units (e.g., adder, subtractor, multiplier, divider, or larger multi-operation units, but smaller than a general-purpose core) interconnected through a Network-on-Chip, provide higher flexibility than domain-specific ASIC accelerators while offering increased hardware efficiency with respect to fine-grained reconfigurable devices, such as Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). The fast evolving fields of machine learning and edge computing, which are seeing a continuous flow of novel algorithms and larger models, make CGRAs ideal architectures to allow domain specialization without losing too much generality. Designing and generating a CGRA, however, still requires to define the type and number of the specific functional units, implement their interconnect and the network topology, and perform the simulation and validation, given a variety of workloads of interest. In this paper, we propose OpenC-GRA *, the first open-source integrated framework that is able to support the full top-to-bottom design flow for specializing and implementing CGRAs: modeling at different abstraction levels (functional level, cycle level, register-transfer level) with compiler support, verification at different granularities (unit testing, integration testing, property-based testing), simulation, generation of synthesizable Verilog, and characterization (area, power, and timing). By using OpenCGRA, it only takes a few hours to build a specialized power- and area-efficient CGRA throughout the entire design flow given a set of applications of interest. OpenCGRA is available online at https://github.com/pnnl/OpenCGRA.
N-acylethanolamine-hydrolysing acid amidase: A new potential target to treat paclitaxel-induced neuropathy.

Background Although paclitaxel is an effective chemotherapeutic agent used to treat multiple types of cancer (e.g. breast, ovarian, neck and lung), it also elicits paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN), which represents a major dose-limiting side effect of this drug. Methods As the endogenously produced N-acylethanolamine, palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), reverses paclitaxel-induced mechanical hypersensitivity in mice, the main goals of this study were to examine if paclitaxel affects levels of endogenous PEA in the spinal cord of mice and whether exogenous administration of PEA provides protection from the occurrence of paclitaxel-induced mechanical hypersensitivity. We further examined whether inhibition of N-acylethanolamine-hydrolysing acid amidase (NAAA), a hydrolytic PEA enzyme, would offer protection in mouse model of PIPN. Results Paclitaxel reduced PEA levels in the spinal cord, suggesting that dysregulation of this lipid signalling system may contribute to PIPN. Consistent with this idea, repeated administration of PEA partially prevented the paclitaxel-induced mechanical hypersensitivity. We next evaluated whether the selective NAAA inhibitor, AM9053, would prevent paclitaxel-induced mechanical hypersensitivity in mice. Acute administration of AM9053 dose-dependently reversed mechanical hypersensitivity through a PPAR-α mechanism, whereas repeated administration of AM9053 fully prevented the development of PIPN, without any evidence of tolerance. Moreover, AM9053 produced a conditioned place preference in paclitaxel-treated mice, but not in control mice. This pattern of findings suggests a lack of intrinsic rewarding effects, but a reduction in the pain aversiveness induced by paclitaxel. Finally, AM9053 did not alter paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity in lung tumour cells. Conclusions Collectively, these studies suggest that NAAA represents a promising target to treat and prevent PIPN. Significance The present study demonstrates that the chemotherapeutic paclitaxel alters PEA levels in the spinal cord, whereas repeated exogenous PEA administration moderately alleviates PIPN in mice. Additionally, targeting NAAA, PEA's hydrolysing enzyme with a selective compound AM9053 reverses and prevents the PIPN via the PPAR-α mechanism. Overall, the data suggest that selective NAAA inhibitors denote promising future therapeutics to mitigate and prevent PIPN.
They’re Comparing Me to Her: Social Comparison Perceptions Reduce Belonging and STEM Engagement Among Women With Token Status:

Belonging and academic engagement are important predictors of women’s retention in STEM. To better understand the processes influencing these outcomes, we investigate how numerical underrepresentat...
Euglycemic DKA in Patients on SGLT2 Inhibitor and Potentially Ketotic State

Background: With mounting evidence demonstrating improved cardiovascular and renal outcomes with the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, this class of newest antidiabetic agents is rapidly gaining favor. SGLT2 inhibition lowers the renal threshold for glucose excretion, resulting in renal glycosuria, a shift in substrate utilization from carbohydrate to fat oxidation and hyperglucagonemia and thus poses the risk of developing euglycemic DKA as a rare but serious adverse effect. Clinical Cases: the first case is A 36-year-old female was diagnosed with type 2 DM with an HbA1c of 10% and was started on multi-agent antihyperglycemic therapy including metformin 500 mg BID, extended release exenatide 2 mg once a week and empagliflozin 25 mg once daily which were all initiated simultaneously. 2 days after starting regimen, she complained of nausea, vomiting and was unable to tolerate oral diet and fluids by day 4 which potentially predisposed to starvation ketoacidosis. She presented to the ED with normal vitals, grossly normal physical exam and labs were significant for beta-hydroxybutyrate of over 7 mmol/L (ref range <0.28), bicarbonate of 10 mmol/L (22 - 33), anion gap 25 (7 - 17), arterial pH 7.16 (7.33 - 7.43), serum glucose 111 (7.33 - 7.43). GAD-65 antibody titer was <5 IU/mL (< 5). She was diagnosed with euglycemic DKA, transferred to ICU and started on DKA protocol to which she responded very well. Second patient is A 65 Years old male with past medical history of CAD, HTN, HDL, history of PE/DVT and Type 2 DM was on insulin and jardiance, started ketodiet while continuing taking the jardiance and stopped taking his insulin because his sugars were controlled presented to the ED with abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, had relatively normal vitals and benign physical exam, labs showed Bicarbonate of 9 mmol/L (22 - 33), anion gap of 31 (7 - 17), venous pH of 7.07 (7.33 - 7.43) glucose was 189 (7.33 - 7.43), beta-hydroxybutyrate of over 7.7 mmol/L (ref range <0.28), patient was admitted to the ICU and started on insulin on DKA protocol Conclusion: SGLT2 inhibitors may be associated with DKA due to their ketogenic effects secondary to enhanced lipolysis and increased glucagon to insulin ratio. although not expected, euglycemic DKA could be much more present in cases where there is predisposition to increase ketones generation w/without appropriate clearance eg. starvation, ketotic diet, AKI, etc. These should be monitored for and the patient needs to be educated about accordingly to prevent both adverse outcomes and potential decrease in drug use if not strongly indicated. also,It would be prudent for prescribing clinicians to advise patients to withhold potentially harming medications temporarily if they cannot maintain adequate oral intake.
MEC-Based Evacuation Planning Using Variance Fractal Dimension Trajectory for Speech Classification

Evacuation models are used in crisis scenarios to optimize the path for occupants to escape a dangerous situation. The behavior of occupants in crisis scenarios has been demonstrated to differ between genders. This paper proposes an end-to-end system that can automatically model an evacuation plan based on the distribution of genders in a given space. Using MEC connected edge devices that can detect speech signals, and interfacing with the cloud through edge servers equipped with learning capabilities, an evacuation model can be generated in real-time according to current gender distribution in an occupied area. The key to making this system successful is an accurate gender speech classifier computed at the edge level. The classification model used was an SVM classifier, and the features used were MFCCs and VFDTs. The MFCCs displayed a gender classification accuracy of 91.47%, and when adding VFDT features, the gender learning accuracy was increased to 92.19%. This shows the benefit of adding VFDT features to speech classification accuracy. Indeed, running the classifier on the edge level is enabling the system to meet the maximum delay deadline (10 sec), as required by the NFPA code standards.
The response to gravity is correlated with the number of statoliths in Chara rhizoids.

In contrast to higher plants, Chara rhizoids have single membrane-bound compartments that appear to function as statoliths. Rhizoids were generated by germinating zygotes of Chara in either soil water (SW) medium or artificial pond water (APW) medium. Differential-interference-contrast microscopy demonstrated that rhizoids form SW-grown plants typically contain 50 to 60 statoliths per cell, whereas rhizoids from APW-grown plants contain 5 to 10 statoliths per cell. Rhizoids from SW are more responsive to gravity than rhizoids from APW because (a) SW rhizoids were oriented to gravity during vertical growth, whereas APW rhizoids were relatively disoriented, and (b) curvature of SW rhizoids was 3 to 4 times greater throughout the time course of curvature. The growth rate of APW rhizoids was significantly greater than that of SW-grown rhizoids. This latter result suggests that APW rhizoids are not limited in their ability for gravitropic curvature by growth and that these rhizoids are impaired in the early stages of gravitropism (i.e. gravity perception). Plants grown in APW appeared to be healthy because of their growth rate and the vigorous cytoplasmic streaming observed in the rhizoids. This study is comparable to earlier studies of gravitropism in starch-deficient mutants of higher plants and provides support for the role of statoliths in gravity perception.