cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The frequency of nonresponse analyses in the Journal of Sport Management.

The failure to adequately address nonresponse issues in survey research may lead to nonresponse bias in overall survey estimates, which can severely restrict researchers’ ability to make inferences to a target population. This study was designed to assess the frequency of nonresponse analyses in articles published in the Journal of Sport Management (JSM). All articles from the years 1987 through 2008 published in JSM (N = 371) were content analyzed based on a previously established coding scheme as well as additional indicators. The results revealed that only a small number of articles reported the use of nonresponse analyses as a means to control for nonresponse error.
Treating Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Intimate Relationships: A Pilot Study of Couple-Based Cognitive-Behavior Therapy

Abstract Although cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) involving exposure and response prevention (ERP) is an established treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), not all patients respond optimally, and some show relapse upon discontinuation. Research suggests that for OCD patients in close relationships, targeting relationship dynamics enhances the effects of CBT. In the present study, we developed and pilot tested a 16-session couple-based CBT program for patients with OCD and their romantic partners. This program included (a) partner-assisted ERP, (b) techniques targeting maladaptive relationship patterns focal to OCD (e.g., symptom accommodation), and (c) techniques targeting non OCD-related relationship stressors. OCD, related symptoms, and relationship functioning were assessed at baseline, immediately following treatment (posttest), and at 6- and 12-month follow-up. At posttest, substantial improvements in OCD symptoms, relationship functioning, and depression were observed. Improvements in OCD symptoms were maintained up to 1 year. Results are compared to findings from studies of individual CBT for OCD and discussed in terms of the importance of addressing interpersonal processes that maintain OCD symptoms.
Impact of Wind Generation Variability on Voltage Profile of Radial Power Systems

This paper provides the results of a study conducted to assess the impacts of the “wind generation variability” on the voltage profile in a small-scale radial power system. The power network has been modeled using one of the well-known simulation programs used by the industry known as Powerworld®. The study takes into account the irregular behavior of the wind patterns and focuses on effects of wind generation at variable penetration levels on the voltage profile of a 13-bus radial power system. The assessment introduces two unique scenarios. In one scenario, the wind-generation farms are connected to a remote location with a critical voltage profile. The intensity of wind penetration is fluctuated methodically to evaluate the influence on the grid's voltage profile. The Smallest Singular Value of Jacobian (SSVJ) analysis of the power flow Jacobian matrix is applied to further assess the networks voltage profile. This method has been favored and utilized as an index for evaluating voltage profiles by the industry as well as the utilities. Simulation results along with recommendation and suggestions for improvements in each scenario have been provided.
Planning in the presence of cost functions controlled by an adversary

We investigate methods for planning in a Markov Decision Process where the cost function is chosen by an adversary after we fix our policy. As a running example, we consider a robot path planning problem where costs are influenced by sensors that an adversary places in the environment. We formulate the problem as a zero-sum matrix game where rows correspond to deterministic policies for the planning player and columns correspond to cost vectors the adversary can select. For a fixed cost vector, fast algorithms (such as value iteration) are available for solving MDPs. We develop efficient algorithms for matrix games where such best response oracles exist. We show that for our path planning problem these algorithms are at least an order of magnitude faster than direct solution of the linear programming formulation.
A Survey of Sequential Combination of Word Recognizers in Handwritten Phrase Recognition at CEDAR

Several methods for classifier combination have been explored at CEDAR. A sequential method for combining word recognizers in handwritten phrase recognition is revisited. The approach is to take phrase images as concatenations of the constituent words and submit them to multiple recognizers. An improvement of this method takes advantage of the spacing between words in a phrase. We describe the improvements to the overall system as a consequence of the second approach.
Uptake and Metabolism of Tritiated Norepinephrine in the Isolated Canine Heart

Using an isolated canine heart preparation, the myocardial norepinephrine pool was labeled by injecting tritiated norepinephrine into the blood perfusing the heart. The extraction of the norepinephrine during a single circulation through the coronary bed was shown to be large (74%). As the isotopic material, which was extracted, was released spontaneously from the norepinephrine pool 75% to 88% of it was metabolized before appearing in the coronary venous blood. The chief metabolite has been demonstrated to be normetanephrine which accounts for 39.0% to 61.7% of the spontaneously released norepinephrine. Because of this it is concluded that catechol-O-methyl transferase is the enzyme primarily responsible for the metabolic inactivation of norepinephrine in the canine heart. When release was increased by the injection of tyramine, more of the released norepinephrine appeared unmetabolized in coronary venous blood, suggesting that the enzymatic process by which norepinephrine is inactivated may be limited. Therefore, the extent to which enzymatic processes contribute to the termination of augmented adrenergic activity in the heart may be questioned.
Localizing the subunit pool for the temporally regulated polar pili of Caulobacter crescentus.

The pili of the stalked bacterium Caulobacter crescentus are assembled at a specific time in the life cycle at one pole of the cell and are composed of the monomer protein, pilin. A previous study demonstrated that the onset of pilin synthesis occurs well before pili appear on the surface, suggesting that pilin accumulates within the cell. In the present study, an electron microscope immunocytochemistry assay was used to determine the subcellular location of this unassembled pilin and its fate during pilus assembly and cell division. Populations of synchronously growing cells were embedded in epoxy resin at selected times during the cell cycle. Ultrathin sections were treated with pilin-specific antibody, followed by protein A coupled to colloidal gold. It was determined that the cellular location for unassembled pilin was the cell cytoplasm. All cell membranes and regions of nuclear material were poorly labeled. Quantitation demonstrated that label density increased during the period of pilin synthesis and declined during the period of pilus assembly and maintenance. The pilin pool was not unequally segregated at division; e.g., to the daughter cell that is elaborating pili. Mutants which have simultaneously lost the ability to produce flagella, pili, and other polar organelles, possibly due to alterations in the specialized region of polar organelle assembly, were also examined by the immunocytochemistry technique. There was no significant difference in the pilin pool size relative to the wild type, indicating that pilin synthesis continues in the absence of a functioning assembly site. This pattern of synthesis and assembly for the pilus is significantly different from that of the polar flagellum which is produced at the same time and location on the cell surface. These findings are discussed in relation to the hypothesized organization center at the cell pole which may have a major role in directing the assembly of all the polar structures.
NOISE AND ARTIFACT REMOVAL IN KNIFE-EDGE SCANNING MICROSCOPY

Knife-edge scanning microscopy (KESM) is a recently developed technique that allows fast and automated imaging of several hundred cubic millimeters of tissue at sub-micron resolution. Successive sections are captured in registration by imaging the specimen concurrently with cutting by a diamond-knife ultramicrotome. Because this imaging technique is relatively new, we are currently investigating ways to improve image quality and data rate. In addition, certain imaging artifacts are unique to this technology and the time required to perform corrective image processing is a concern due to the high rate of image capture. In this paper, we describe algorithms that can be used to process KESM images in order to obtain the quality necessary for subsequent segmentation and modeling. There is also emphasis on making these algorithms independent of global information within the image so that they can be more easily parallelized.
Influence of Protein Level and Starch Type on an Extrusion-Expanded Whey Product

Summary A whey-based puffed snack food was produced on a twin-screw extruder to determine the effect of varying starch type (normal corn and pregelatinised waxy), protein type (regular and instantised whey protein concentrate) and protein concentration (16%, 32% and 40%) on the physical and chemical characteristics of an extruded-expanded snack food. Increasing protein concentration and normal cornstarch significantly reduced extrudate expansion ratio, air cell size, water solubility index and increased extrudate density, and breaking force. Protein concentration and starch type significantly affected the water absorption index and water-soluble carbohydrate. Total soluble protein was influenced by protein concentration and the interaction of starch type and protein type. With normal corn starch, a covalent complex between amylose and protein was likely formed while protein:protein interactions were favoured with low pregalatinised waxy starch concentrations.
Experimental study of the evolution of composite baseball bat performance

As composite bats are used in the field, microdamage can be developed in the form of microcracks in the matrix, fibre breakage and ply delamination, thereby reducing the barrel stiffness and increasing the resulting batted-ball speed. To replicate this microdamage with field-use phenomenon in the lab, an accelerated break in (ABI) process is employed by rolling the bats in a press. In this research, a representative set of composite bats was subjected to repeated rolling and performance testing to explore the evolution of bat performance with ABI. This paper will explain the ABI process and discuss changes in bat performance and barrel stiffness as a result of rolling for a representative set of composite baseball bats.
A scalable dual-field elliptic curve cryptographic processor

We propose an elliptic curve (EC) cryptographic processor architecture that can support Galois fields GF(p) and GF(2/sup n/) for arbitrary prime numbers and irreducible polynomials by introducing a dual field multiplier. A Montgomery multiplier with an optimized data bus and an on-the-fly redundant binary converter boost the throughput of the EC scalar multiplication. All popular cryptographic functions such as DSA, EC-DSA, RSA, CRT, and prime generation are also supported. All commands are organized in a hierarchical structure according to their complexity. Our processor has high scalability and flexibility between speed, hardware area, and operand size. In the hardware evaluation using a 0.13-/spl mu/m CMOS standard cell library, the high-speed design using 117.5 Kgates with a 64-bit multiplier achieved operation times of 1.21 ms and 0.19 ms for a 160-bit EC scalar multiplication in GF(p) and GF(2/sup n/), respectively. A compact version with an 8-bit multiplier requires only 28.3 K gates and executes the operations in 7.47 ms and 2.79 ms. Not only 160-bit operations, but any bit length can be supported by any hardware configuration so long as the memory capacity is sufficient.
A Benchmark Simulation for Moist Nonhydrostatic Numerical Models

A benchmark solution that facilitates testing the accuracy, efficiency, and efficacy of moist nonhydrostatic numerical model formulations and assumptions is presented. The solution is created from a special configuration of moist model processes and a specific set of initial conditions. The configuration and initial conditions include: reversible phase changes, no hydrometeor fallout, a neutrally stable base-state environment, and an initial buoyancy perturbation that is identical to the one used to test nonlinearly evolving dry thermals. The results of the moist simulation exhibit many of the properties found in its dry counterpart. Given the similar results, and acceptably small total mass and total energy errors, it is argued that this new moist simulation design can be used as a benchmark to evaluate moist numerical model formulations. The utility of the benchmark simulation is highlighted by running the case with approximate forms of the governing equations found in the literature. Results of these tests have implications for the formulation of numerical models. For example, it is shown that an equation set that conserves both mass and energy is crucial for obtaining the benchmark solution. Results also suggest that the extra effort required to conserve mass in a numerical model may not lead to significant improvements in results unless energy is also conserved.
Using adaptive range control to maximize 1-hop broadcast coverage in dense wireless networks

We present a distributed algorithm for maximizing 1-hop broadcast coverage in dense wireless sensor networks. Our strategy is built upon an analytic model that predicts the optimal range for maximizing 1-hop broadcast coverage given information like network density and node sending rate. The algorithm allows each node to set the maximizing radio range using only the locally observed sending rate and node density. The algorithm is thus critically dependent on the empirical determination of these parameters. Our algorithm can observe the parameters using only message eavesdropping and thus does not require extra protocol messages. Using simulation, we show that in spite of many simplifications in the model and incomplete density information in a live network, our algorithm converges fairly quickly and provides good coverage for both uniform and non-uniform networks across a wide range of conditions. We also demonstrate the utility of our algorithm for higher layer protocols by showing that it significantly improves the reception rate for a flooding application as well as the performance of a localization protocol.
On the Increasing Vulnerability of the World Ocean to Multiple Stresses

This review focuses on the increasing vulnerability of the world ocean to multiple anthropogenic stresses in the latter half of the twentieth century and the first decade of the twenty-first century. The multiple stresses, which affected the world ocean in the latter half of the twentieth century, could have been controlled on a timescale of decades, had governments and their subjects chosen to do so. In the twenty-first century, the timescale of remediability has been observed to shift from decades to centuries and even to millennia. The major additions to the suite of multiple stresses consist of the combined impacts of changing ocean thermal structure and increasing acidification, both of which are the results of increased anthropogenic CO2 emissions. The consequences of these recent changes are assessed. The assessment makes clear collectively what is known and unknown and what responses are available to human social systems to adapt to these accelerating changes.
Glass Properties in the Yttria‐Alumina‐Silica System

The glass formation region in the yttria-alumina-silica system was investigated. Properties of glasses containing 25 to 55 wt pct yttria were measured and the effect of the composition was determined. The density, refractive index, thermal-expansion coefficient, and microhardness increased with increasing yttria content. The dissolution rate in 1N HCl increased with increasing yttria content and temperature. These glasses were also found to have high electrical resistivity.
Mutation of the FOXC2 gene in familial distichiasis.

Abstract Objective To examine the FOXC2 gene in a family with hereditary distichiasis. Background Distichiasis, ie, a second row of eyelashes arising from the meibomian glands of the eyelids, can be inherited either alone (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man [OMIM] no. 126300) or, more commonly, as part of the lymphedema–distichiasis (LD) syndrome (OMIM no. 153400). More than 45 families with mutations in the FOXC2 gene and LD have been described. Both lymphedema and distichiasis are highly penetrant. Distichiasis without lymphedema is not commonly seen. Methods We examined three generations of a family (N = nine members) with hereditary distichiasis but without lymphedema or other features of LD syndrome. The FOXC2 gene was polymerase chain reaction–amplified from genomic DNA from all family members and examined for mutations. Results Clinical examination showed distichiasis of all four lids in two affected family members across two generations. There were no other consistent ophthalmologic abnormalities in the family. A cytosine-to-adenine transversion was identified in DNA from affected study participants at nucleotide position 1076, which would be predicted to cause truncation of the protein at codon 359. This change was not observed in any of the nine unaffected family members participating. Conclusions This finding suggests that hereditary distichiasis and LD may not be separate genetic disorders but different phenotypic expressions of the same underlying disorder. Ophthalmologists should be aware that LD may present as distichiasis alone and counsel and refer their patients appropriately.
Effect on outcome of early intensive management of geriatric trauma patients.

Background: Despite significant injuries elderly patients (aged 70 years or more) often do not exhibit any of the standard physiological criteria for trauma team activation (TTA), i.e. hypotension, tachycardia or unresponsiveness to pain. As a result of these findings the authors' TTA criteria were modified to include age 70 years or more, and a protocol of early aggressive monitoring and resuscitation was introduced. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of the new policy on outcome. Methods: This trauma registry study included patients aged 70 years or more with an Injury Severity Score (ISS) greater than 15 who were admitted over a period of 8 years and 8 months. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1 included patients admitted before age 70 years and above became a TTA criterion and group 2 included patients admitted during the period when age 70 years or more was a TTA criterion and the new management protocol was in place. The two groups were compared with regard to survival, functional status on discharge and hospital charges. Results: There were 336 trauma patients who met the criteria, 260 in group 1 and 76 in group 2. The two groups were similar with respect to mechanism of injury, age, gender, ISS and body area Abbreviated Injury Score. The mortality rate in group 1 was 53·8 per cent and that in group 2 was 34·2 per cent (P = 0·003) (relative risk (RR) 1·57 (95 per cent confidence interval 1·13 to 2·19)). The incidence of permanent disability in the two groups was 16·7 and 12·0 per cent respectively (P = 0·49) (RR 1·39 (0·59 to 3·25)). In subgroups of patients with an ISS of more than 20 the mortality rate was 68·4 and 46·9 per cent in groups 1 and 2 respectively (P = 0·01) (RR 1·46 (1·06 to 2·00)); 12 of 49 survivors in group 1 and two of 26 in group 2 suffered permanent disability (P = 0·12) (RR 3·18 (0·77 to 13·20)). Conclusion: Activation of the trauma team and early intensive monitoring, evaluation and resuscitation of geriatric trauma patients improves survival. © 2002 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd
IDH mutation impairs histone demethylation and results in a block to cell differentiation

Recurrent mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and IDH2 have been identified in gliomas, acute myeloid leukaemias (AML) and chondrosarcomas, and share a novel enzymatic property of producing 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) from α-ketoglutarate. Here we report that 2HG-producing IDH mutants can prevent the histone demethylation that is required for lineage-specific progenitor cells to differentiate into terminally differentiated cells. In tumour samples from glioma patients, IDH mutations were associated with a distinct gene expression profile enriched for genes expressed in neural progenitor cells, and this was associated with increased histone methylation. To test whether the ability of IDH mutants to promote histone methylation contributes to a block in cell differentiation in non-transformed cells, we tested the effect of neomorphic IDH mutants on adipocyte differentiation in vitro. Introduction of either mutant IDH or cell-permeable 2HG was associated with repression of the inducible expression of lineage-specific differentiation genes and a block to differentiation. This correlated with a significant increase in repressive histone methylation marks without observable changes in promoter DNA methylation. Gliomas were found to have elevated levels of similar histone repressive marks. Stable transfection of a 2HG-producing mutant IDH into immortalized astrocytes resulted in progressive accumulation of histone methylation. Of the marks examined, increased H3K9 methylation reproducibly preceded a rise in DNA methylation as cells were passaged in culture. Furthermore, we found that the 2HG-inhibitable H3K9 demethylase KDM4C was induced during adipocyte differentiation, and that RNA-interference suppression of KDM4C was sufficient to block differentiation. Together these data demonstrate that 2HG can inhibit histone demethylation and that inhibition of histone demethylation can be sufficient to block the differentiation of non-transformed cells.
Use of positron emission tomography for the diagnosis and evaluation of ischemic heart disease

Positron emission tomography differs from conventional single photon techniques on the basis of basic physical principles, which translate into better image and contrast resolution, and avoidance of soft tissue attenuation. Consequently, PET is more accurate than SPECT. This is of value in myocardial perfusion imaging, particularly in obese patients, when questions are raised about physiological significance of mild coronary lesions, in complex patients, and in those with prior myocardial infarction. The accuracy of PET imaging for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease is about 90%. The physical principles of PET also favor a fully quantitative approach, which may be used to exactly measure myocardial blood flow. The other major indication of cardiac PET is the identification of viable myocardium, for which the most established technique is FDG imaging. This method is sensitive for the detection of viable myocardium but some variability in its specificity has been reported. New techniques which have been used to examine myocardial viability include evaluation of C-11 acetate clearance, quantitation of rubidium washout, and the perfusible tissue index. The examination of cardiac receptor status with PET may become clinically useful in the future.
Strategic business cycle management and organizational performance: a great unexplored research stream

This lament is as true today as it was almost 20 years ago. Indeed, most scholars continue to ignore one of the most important, but least developed, research streams in all of management strategy and organizational science – strategic business cycle management (BCM). BCM involves the application of a set of typically countercyclical prescriptive behaviors that, when applied in a timely way over the course of the business cycle, can improve the performance of an organization relative to rivals. For example, countercyclical advertising in a recession may help increase market share and build brand identity (Dhalla, 1980), countercyclical hiring during a recession may help build a lower-cost, higher-quality workforce (Greer, 1984) and an organization that cuts production and inventories in anticipation of a recession may cut costs relative to rivals that do not (Navarro, 2004). Despite the performance claims of the prescriptive BCM literature, BCM research remains relatively rare, Balkanized in its treatment by functional silo, significantly lacking in empirical testing and considerably hampered by the lack of any unified general theory that explains observed BCM heterogeneity across organizations. After more than five years of case work and empirical study in which we have identified and tested potential causal links between prescriptive BCM and organizational performance (Navarro, 2004, 2005, 2006; Navarro et al., 2006), we find this lack of scholarly attention to BCM both puzzling and exciting. It is puzzling because BCM involves all functions of the organization; thus, it should STRATEGIC ORGANIZATION Vol 6(2): 207–219 DOI: 10.1177/1476127008090011 Copyright ©2008 Sage Publications (Los Angeles, London, New Delhi and Singapore) http://so.sagepub.com
Circulating levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end product are inversely associated with vascular calcification in patients on haemodialysis independent of S100A12 (EN‐RAGE) levels

Aim The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) has emerged as a central regulator of vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. Soluble RAGE (sRAGE) has an anti-inflammatory effect by quenching ligands for RAGE. On the other hand, extracellular RAGE-binding protein S100A12 (EN-RAGE) shows a pro-inflammatory effect in a way, but may play pleiotropic roles related to inflammatory process. Therefore, we determined the levels of sRAGE and S100A12 in haemodialysis (HD) patients and evaluated their relationship with vascular calcification. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study with 199 HD patients. Plain X-ray images of the lateral lumbar spine from all subjects were studied to calculate semiquantitative vascular calcification scores (VCS), as described by Kauppila. Commercially available enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were used to quantify the serum concentration of sRAGE and S100A12. Results The patients were 57.1 ± 13.7 years of age; 54.3% were male, 49.2% were diabetic, and 36.2% had a history of cardiovascular disease. In a univariate analysis, serum sRAGE was negatively associated with VCS (log sRAGE, r = –0.208, P = 0.003), whereas S100A12 showed a positive tendency (log S100A12, r = 0.235, P = 0.085). Even after adjustments for confounding risk factors, sRAGE was independently associated with VCS (β = –1.679, P = 0.002). Conclusion This study demonstrated that the circulating sRAGE level was inversely associated with VCS in HD patients independent of the S100A12 level and the severity of systemic inflammation.
Trachoma Viruses isolated in the United States. 2. Assay of Egg Infectivity and Stability.

SummaryExcept for the seasonal insusceptibility of eggs during late summer and fall, reliable and reproducible infectivity assays were performed on 3 representative strains of trachoma virus isolated in United States. In general the linear inverse relationship between amount of virus and time of death applied to these trachoma viruses. One strain (ASGH) tended to kill eggs one day earlier than another strain (BOUR) at all inoculum levels. The strains were ether labile, and rapidly lost infectivity at 37°C or above. Sodium desoxycholate interfered with staining properties of virus far more than with infectivity.
Pt–Ru Alloyed Fuel Cell Catalysts Sputtered from a Single Alloyed Target

This work illustrates the improved performance of a direct menthol fuel cell (DMFC) Pt1–xRux alloy phase catalysts deposited via magnetron sputtering onto a carbon powder matrix from an alloyed mixed-metal target. The production of dispersed metal catalysts particles of the correct size, structure, bulk, and surface composition for effective methanol oxidation required extensive control of process parameters including sputter gas type, sputter gas concentration, deposition pressure, sputter power, and sputter type (RF or DC). Through the adjustment of these multivariate sputtering parameters, it was possible to make alloyed catalyst materials with varying crystallinity and composition ranging from Pt0.32Ru0.68 to Pt0.50Ru0.50. The careful balance of these parameters resulted in a low metal loading catalyst, ∼30 wt %, with a methanol oxidation reaction onset potential of 200 uA/cm2. The optimized sputtered catalysts have increased metal utilization and outperform com...
Grief, Consolation, and Religions: A Conceptual Framework

Consolation is grief's traditional amelioration, but contemporary bereavement theory lacks a conceptual framework to include it. The article begins to develop that framework. The article argues that grief is inter-subjective, even at the biological level. Consolation and grief happen in the same inter-subjective space. Material from the histories of several religions sets the article in a cross-cultural and historical environment. The article examines consolation in interpersonal relationships, and then moves to consolation in cultural/religious resources that range from the literal image of God as an idealized parent to the abstract architecture of Brahm's Requiem. The most common consolation in the histories of religions comes within continuing bonds that are accessed in a wide variety of beliefs, rituals, and devotional objects. The article closes by briefly drawing the connection between consolation and faith.
Neprilysin Inhibition in the Time of Precision Medicine

The recent results of the PARADIGM-HF trial (Prospective Comparison of ARNI with ACEI to Determine Impact on Global Mortality and Morbidity in Heart Failure) showing that the combination of the neprilysin (NEP) inhibitor sacubitril (sac) and the angiotensin receptor antagonist (ARB) valsartan (
Clinical Characteristics and Genetic Expression of Oxcarbazepine-Induced Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and genetic association of oxcarbazepine-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome(SJS) with HLA-B*1502. Methods A boy with oxcarbazepine-induced SJS was reported,and the clinical characteristics,laboratory examination,and genetic study were described.The existing literatures on the epidemiology,etiology and pathogenesis of SJS were also reviewed.The detailed genetic association studies of antiepileptic drug-induced-SJS was included. Results The patient with secondary epilepsy was found to have fever and skin rashs,after increasing the dosage of oxcarbazepine,developing into blistering exanthema accompanied by skin detachment.Laboratory examinations showed that the levels of elevated WBC,erythrocyte sedimentation rate,alanine aminotransferase(337 U·L~-1) and aspartate aminotransferase were increased,the proteinuria was positive(++).The genetic testing showed that HLA-B*1502 was positive.Considering the medication history,oxcarbazepine was postulated to the cause of the adverse cutaneous reaction and replaced by topiramate.High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin was administrated.After 2 weeks,the patient′s temperature returned to normal and skin rash subsided,the patient recovered and discharged. Conclusions Oxcarbazepine-induced SJS is a rare cutaneous adverse drug reaction and its typical clinical characteristics are blistering exanthema and skin detachment,fever,and organ involvement.Genetic testing shows that it is strongly associated with HLA-B*1502.The screening of HLA-B*1502 may minimize or prevent the reaction from happe-ning.Oxcarbazepine-induced SJS is an uncommon severe cutaneous adverse drug reaction.
Exploiting Redundancy and Application Scalability for Cost-Effective, Time-Constrained Execution of HPC Applications on Amazon EC2

The use of clouds to execute high-performance computing (HPC) applications has greatly increased recently. Clouds provide several potential advantages over traditional supercomputers and in-house clusters. The most popular cloud is currently Amazon EC2, which provides fixed-cost and variable-cost, auction-based options. The auction market trades lower cost for potential interruptions that necessitate checkpointing; if the market price exceeds the bid price, a node is taken away from the user without warning. We explore techniques to maximize performance per dollar given a time constraint within which an application must complete. Specifically, we design and implement multiple techniques to reduce expected cost by exploiting redundancy in the EC2 auction market. We then design an adaptive algorithm that selects a scheduling algorithm and determines the bid price. We show that our adaptive algorithm executes programs up to seven times cheaper than using the on-demand market and up to 44 percent cheaper than the best non-redundant, auction-market algorithm. We extend our adaptive algorithm to incorporate application scalability characteristics for further cost savings. We show that the adaptive algorithm informed with scalability characteristics of applications achieves up to 56 percent cost savings compared to the expected cost for the base adaptive algorithm run at a fixed, user-defined scale.
History of the J Wave and J Wave Syndromes

Since discovery of the Brugada syndrome, ECG phenomena of late ventricular depolarization and early ventricular repolarization has rapidly gained recognition as a major cause of life-threatening arrhythmias, and dramatically accelerated a series of remarkably insightful discoveries in experimental, genetic, and clinical cardiac electrophysiology. Theme of “J-wave Syndromes” occupies a prominent portion of the time devoted to cardiac arrhythmias at national and international meetings, and continuing to appear in publications on the subject continue to appear at a brisk rate. More questions than answers still remain with regard to etiology, pathogenesis, arrhythmogenesis, risk stratification, epidemiology, prevention, and treatment of the JWS. These and other ambiguities concerning diagnosis and arrhythmogenic potential of the JWS have prompted an “Expert Consensus Conference on J-wave Syndromes. Mechanisms, Diagnosis, Prognosis, Risk Stratification and Treatment of Brugada and Early Repolarization Syndromes” to be held in Shanghai, China on April 21–23, 2015.
Archaic Biface Manufacture: Production Failures, A Chronicle of the Misbegotten

AbstractBiface production rejects recovered from the site of the Yellow Creek Power Plant in northeastern Mississippi display a number of different kinds of manufacturing errors. A production failure typology is applied to a subsample of the Yellow Creek material in order to place these fractures within the production trajectory. Considerable behavioral information is revealed.
The albedo of martian dunes: Insights into aeolian activity and dust devil formation

Abstract Wind is the primary geologic process currently active on the surface of Mars. Albedo variations at eight dune fields were tested based on the hypothesis that a dune’s ripple migration rate is correlated to its albedo. On Mars, where the atmospheric pressure is low, dust is removed from the surface of a dune by saltating sand. Therefore, more active dunes should remove dust more efficiently than less active dunes. A dune’s albedo was found to be low in the first half of the Mars year (Ls = 0–180°) and high in the second half (Ls = 180–360°) during the dusty season. Both dunes with fast- and slow-moving ripples exhibit low albedos, whereas dunes with ripples that migrate at intermediate speeds exhibit high albedos. A dune’s minimum albedo does not have a simple correlation with its ripple migration rate. Instead, we propose that dust devils remove dust on slow-moving and immobile dunes, whereas saltating sand caused by strong winds removes dust on faster dunes. Albedo should not be used as a proxy for migration rate of ripples or dune activity, as it may be difficult to distinguish between fast- and slow-moving ripples on dunes that have the same albedo. The presence of dust devil tracks on a dune could indicate the dune and/or its ripples are either immobile or migrating slowly. We also propose that albedo variations on individual dune fields can reveal insight into the local wind regime.
Surface-initiated ring-opening metathesis polymerization (SI-ROMP) to attach a tethered organic corona onto CdSe/ZnS core/shell quantum dots

Core–shell CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) are useful as tunable photostable fluorophores for multiple applications in industry, biology, and medicine. However, to achieve the optimum optical properties, the surface of the QDs must be passivated to remove charged sites that might bind extraneous substances and allow aggregation. Here we describe a method of growing an organic polymer corona onto the QD surface using the bottom-up approach of surface-initiated ring-opening metathesis polymerization (SI-ROMP) with Grubbs catalyst. CdSe/ZnS QDs were first coated with mercaptopropionic acid by displacing the original tri-octylphosphine oxide layer, and then reacted with 7-octenyl dimethyl chlorosilane. The resulting octenyl double bonds allowed the attachment of ruthenium alkylidene groups as a catalyst. A subsequent metathesis reaction with strained bicyclic monomers (norbornene-dicarbonyl chloride (NDC), and a mixture of NDC and norbornenylethylisobutyl-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (norbornoPOSS)) allowed the construction of tethered organic homo-polymer or co-polymer layers onto the QD. Compounds were characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and transmission electron microscopy. Atomic force microscopy showed that the coated QDs were separate and non-aggregated with a range of diameter of 48–53 nm.
The philosophy of autobiography

In his introduction to The Philosophy of Autobiography, Christopher Cowley suggests that the impetus for this collection of essays is to inspire further work in a field whose lack of development is...
Effects of Chemotherapy and Irradiation on the Gonads

As the survival of children with cancer improves, attention now must be focused on understanding and preventing the long-term toxicities of treatment and improving the quality of survival. Gonadal toxicity is a relatively common side effect of antineoplastic therapy, particularly with radiation therapy and alkylating agents. This article reviews the mechanisms of therapy-induced gonadal toxicities and the fertility potential of patients who have undergone treatment for a childhood malignancy.
Task-oriented planning algorithm for humanoid robots based on a foot repositionable inverse kinematics engine

Two major questions humanoid robots need to solve for manipulation tasks are whether they need to take steps and where to take steps to. In this paper, we introduce the formulation of a powerful inverse kinematics (IK) engine which can help to answer these questions. In the engine, the IK problem is formulated as an optimization problem. After configuring appropriate costs and constraints, the IK engine can compute a solution in which the robot is allowed to reposition its feet if necessary for meeting the task requirements. When the answers of these two questions are found, an integrated planning algorithm involving an IK solver, footstep planning and whole body manipulation motion planning is proposed. An object pickup scenario using the NASA-JSC Valkyrie robot is also provided in this paper to demonstrate the performance of the planning algorithm.
A 2-D/1-D Transverse Leakage Approximation Based on Azimuthal, Fourier Moments

The MPACT code being developed collaboratively by Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the University of Michigan is the primary deterministic neutron transport solver within the Virtual Environment f...
Observational Constraint for Precipitation in Extratropical Cyclones: sensitivity to data sources

AbstractUsing cyclone-centered compositing and a database of extratropical-cyclone locations, the distribution of precipitation frequency and rate in oceanic extratropical cyclones is analyzed usin...
Men (and Women) Shopping on the Darkside: Consumer Misbehavior on Black Friday

Black Friday (BF) has been studied as a consumption event (Thomas & Peters, 2011) and as a site for consumer misbehavior (Lennon, Johnson, & Lee, 2011). BF is a unique shopping event (Thomas & Peters, 2011); most major retailers participate with extended hours and doorbuster promotions. Since the goal of promotions is to make people want things (Anderson & Bushman, 2002), BF promotions may incentivize consumer misbehavior on BF.
Neural Basis for Olfactory Discrimination in the Spiny Lobster

The peripheral olfactory system of the spiny lobster has been used as a model for understanding principles of neural coding of the quality and intensity of chemical stimuli. The code for natural odorant mixtures in this population of olfactory receptor cells is probably a population code rather than a labeled line code because these cells are broadly tuned to these mixtures and do not appear to belong to discrete cell types based on their response profiles to these mixtures. Furthermore, stimulus quality and intensity seem to be discriminated by independent components of the neuronal population response, suggesting the existence of separate codes for these two stimulus attributes: stimulus quality by the across neuron pattern (ANP), and stimulus intensity by the absolute response magnitude (ARM). Support for this conclusion comes from the observation that the pattern of behavioral discrimination of these mixtures closely parallels that of neural discrimination by ANPs.
Structure-function analysis of the HIV glycoprotein.

The envelope glycoprotein complex of replication competent retroviruses is comprised of two polypeptides, an external, glycosylated, hydrophilic polypeptide (SU) and a membrane-spanning protein (TM), that form a knob or knobbed spike on the surface of the virion. Both polypeptides are encoded in the env gene of the virus and are synthesized in the form of a polyprotein precursor that is proteolytically cleaved during its transport to the surface of the cell. While these proteins are not required for the assembly of enveloped virus particles, they do play a critical role in the virus replication cycle by recognizing and binding to specific receptors, via the SU domain, and by mediating the fusion of viral and cell membranes, via the TM domain: virus particles lacking envelope glycoproteins are thus non-infectious.
Easily Screenable Characteristics Associated with Cognitive Improvement and Dysfunction After Carotid Endarterectomy.

Background Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is an effective treatment for the prevention of stroke in patients with carotid artery stenosis. We aimed to clarify the incidence and risk factors for early cognitive dysfunction (eCD) and early cognitive improvement (eCI), defined as change in cognitive performance ≤24 hours after surgery, using a battery of neuropsychometric tests. Methods In total, 585 patients undergoing CEA were tested with neuropsychometric tests before and after surgery; 155 patients undergoing “simple” spine surgery were the reference group. Patient performance for each test was evaluated by z scores. Cognitive change was defined as eCD (or eCI) if: 1) patients had a z score ≤–2 (or ≥2) in ≥2 cognitive domains or 2) patients had mean z scores across all domains ≤–1.5 (or ≥1.5). Associations between the categorical cognitive outcomes and variables of interest were modeled using the proportional odds model. Results Of the 585 subjects, 24% had eCD, 6% had eCI, and 70% had “no change.” Patients who had eCD were more likely to be statin naive (odds ratio [OR] 1.23 [1.03–1.48], P = 0.02) or women (OR 1.27 [1.06–1.53], P = 0.02). Those with eCI were less likely to have less formal education (OR 0.95 [0.90–1.00], P = 0.04) and less likely to have diabetes mellitus (OR 0.8 [0.65–0.99], P = 0.04). Conclusions Patients having CEA may develop eCD or eCI postoperatively. Medications likely to be associated with less eCD are statins and aspirin, which correlate most strongly in asymptomatic patients. In addition to confirming previous findings, we found that women were more likely than men to develop eCD. More sex-specific studies and analysis are needed to better explore these findings.
Introduction: Antipodean Horrors—The Return of Latin American Monsters

In the introduction, Eljaiek-Rodriguez delineates the idea of American monstrosity as conceived in the Conquest and the Colonia and its relationship with the concept of the Antipodes. This definition grounds an analysis of how Latin American writers and intellectuals have transformed the monstrous, appropriating it and engaging it as a political tool. Eljaiek-Rodriguez defines additional concepts such as migration, cannibalism, and heterogeneity that are essential to the analysis of the films presented in the book.
Designing strength, stiffness and acoustics in headliner substrate material

Headliner substrate materials have evolved over the years to meet the changing needs of the automotive industry in terms of structural requirements, acoustics properties, design flexibility, cost and aesthetics. Owens Corning has developed AcoustiMax composites that exhibit isotropic properties, and the ability to mould different thicknesses in one step.
Hospital Course of Croup After Emergency Department Management

OBJECTIVES: To describe inpatient management of patients with croup admitted from the emergency department (ED). METHODS: In a multicentered, cross-sectional observational study based on retrospective chart review, we identified children 6 months to 5 years of age with a discharge diagnosis of croup. All patients were evaluated in the ED and treated with at least 1 dose of racemic epinephrine (RE) before admission. Children with hypoxia or directly admitted to the PICU were excluded. RESULTS: We identified 628 admissions for croup. Significant interventions, defined as additional RE, helium-oxygen use, or PICU transfer, occurred in 142 patients (22.6%). A total of 137 children received additional RE on the inpatient ward, and 5 received RE and were transferred to the PICU. No patient was treated with helium-oxygen. A total 486 (77.4%) of patients did not receive significant interventions postadmission. Length of stay for children not requiring significant intervention was, on average, CONCLUSIONS: Less than one-quarter of children admitted to the general wards for croup received significant interventions after admission. Tachypnea in the ED and use of radiograph were associated with an increased use of significant interventions.
Wardrobe malfunction: Case studies of disability and clothing at the threshold of older adulthood.

ABSTRACTSpinal cord injury (SCI) is a lifelong debilitating condition that presents numerous challenges to social participation. The challenge of finding suitable and functional clothing while livi...
UV-induced anthocyanin in the host plant Sedum lanceolatum has little effect on feeding by larval Parnassius smintheus

Climate change has resulted in shorter periods of snow cover in alpine meadows, increasing the duration of UV exposure. We established the relationship between increased exposure to UV light and anthocyanin pigment levels in host plant Sedum lanceolatum and tested whether increased exposure changed the feeding behavior of its herbivore Parnassius smintheus. Anthocyanin concentrations were significantly greater in plants exposed to UV. Under field conditions, we found a preference of P. smintheus caterpillars for plants with slightly above average levels of anthocyanin; however, no-choice feeding experiments in which larvae ranging from 1 to 3 days old were placed on UV-rich and UV-low plants showed no difference in feeding. These results indicate that the reduction of snow cover in alpine meadows will change the pigment profile of plants, but these changes may have little effect on herbivory.