Abstract 130: Characterization of the tumor microenvironment using single cell transcriptomics of triple negative breast cancer allografts treated with doxorubicin

It is currently unclear how stromal components affect drug response and the emergence of drug resistance, in primary tumors. To determine how individual cells within the stroma of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) allografts respond to chemotherapy, we used single cell sequencing to profile individual cells present in murine tumors with or without exposure to doxorubicin (Dox). Dox is a common chemotherapeutic agent used to treat breast cancer which inhibits breast cancer proliferation by intercalating into DNA and preventing topoisomerase II activity. Several autonomous processes have been implicated in the development of chemoresistance yet the impact of stromal and immune cells on tumor progression is still poorly understood. In this study, TNBC 4T1 cell line were utilized to generate murine allograft tumors in immunocompetent BALB/c mice. Tumor composition was analyzed via single cell RNA sequencing after 3 and 7 days of doxorubicin chemotherapeutic regiment mimicking clinical treatment. Using Cell Ranger single cell software suite and Seurat R toolkit, single cell transcriptomic analysis identified the cellular composition of tumors through expression of cell-type specific genes. Stromal cell types such as endothelial, fibroblast and epithelial cells were assessed and quantified in the tumor microenvironment. Immune cell types including neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, T-cells and B-cells were also identified in the stroma and the responses to doxorubicin treatment was determined based on the gene expression changes. In this study, cancer-associated fibroblasts and non-canonical tumor associated macrophage subpopulations are of particular interest. As expected, we found both qualitative and quantitative changes in specific subpopulations of stromal cells in response to Dox exposure. Identification of stromal and immune cell sub-types could also lead to improved diagnostic capabilities and tumor susceptibilities. Future studies modulating non-cancerous cells in the tumor microenvironment may increase efficacy of chemotherapeutics. Further elucidating the specific cellular subpopulations within the tumor microenvironment that shift in response to drug exposure may provide new therapeutic avenues. Understanding changes in cell populations within the drug exposed tumor microenvironment can aid in future drug development to specifically target cells least sensitive to chemotherapy exposure. This study received funding from LLNL LDRD grant 19-SI-003. This work was conducted under the auspices of the USDOE by LLNL (DE-AC52-07NA27344). Citation Format: Nicholas Hum, Aimy Sebastian, Sean Gilmore, Elizabeth K. Wheeler, Matthew A. Coleman, Gabriela G. Loots. Characterization of the tumor microenvironment using single cell transcriptomics of triple negative breast cancer allografts treated with doxorubicin [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 130.