cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Hyperacute Management of Ischemic Strokes: JACC Focus Seminar

Acute ischemic stroke is the leading cause of disability and among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Intravenous tissue plasminogen activator has been a cornerstone for treatment of acute ischemic stroke for more than 20 years; however, its use is limited due to a narrow therapeutic window, several contraindications, and low efficacy to recanalize the artery in large vessel occlusion. Recently, the addition of endovascular mechanical thrombectomy of large artery occlusion has revolutionized the stroke treatment for most disabling strokes. The paper reviews updates to the thrombolytic treatment as well as catheter-based treatment, and results from recent trials in the selection of patients in an extended time window using perfusion imaging.
Awakened to Space

Ligia Lewis’s minor matter uniquely employs the multiple meanings of (B)blackness as a central tool to its creation and viewing. Staged in a black box andperformed by Black artists, the work refracts established methodologies of dance to upend expectations of performance. Using Edwin Abbott’s Flatland: a Romance in Many Dimensionsas a key to unlocking the potential for operating within existing frames to extrapolate into new worlds, this article unearths the particular spatial approaches to choreography that Lewis employs. Through her treatment of space, sound, and light, Lewis churns up a whirlwind of choreographic information, tied together by Blackness and blackness, to arrive at a new understanding of limits, physical and social. By centralizing these (B)blacknesses in the work, Lewis emblemizes that the minor matter does matter, and through her nuanced construction of space in and around the physical dance, she explores why and how.
Exploring the Kinematics of the Oxygen-Rich Supernova Remnant G292.0+1.8: Ejecta Shells, Fast-Moving Knots and Shocked Circumstellar Material

We present results of an in-depth optical study of the core collapse supernova remnant G292.0+1.8 using the Rutgers Fabry-Perot (RFP) imaging spectrometer. Our observations provide a detailed picture of the supernova remnant in the emission lines of [O III] 5007, Halpha and [N II] 6548. The [O III] Fabry-Perot scans reveal a bright crescent-shaped spur of previously known high-velocity (V_radial ~ 1500 km/s) O-rich ejecta located on the eastern side of the remnant. The spur consists of a semi-coherent structure of mostly redshifted material, along with several clumps that have apparently broken out of the more orderly shell-like expansion. The high velocity (>= 600 km/s) component of the spur also displays a scalloped morphology characteristic of Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities. We also find a large number of fast-moving knots (FMKs) of O-rich ejecta undetected in prior photographic plate images and similar to features seen in Cas A. The position-velocity distribution of the FMKs can be kinematically described as a shell 3.4' in radius expanding at a velocity of 1700 km/s. Another feature apparent in the [O III] scans is an equatorial belt consisting of both a bar-like structure at zero radial velocity and a clumpy, high velocity ejecta component seen in projection along the line of sight. The bar is also detected in our Halpha RFP images at zero radial velocity, providing further evidence that this structure is of circumstellar origin. We find that the optical and X-ray properties of the bar are consistent with incomplete (partially radiative) shocks in material of moderate densities. Assuming a distance of 6 kpc for G292.0+1.8, we estimate a kinematic age of (3000-3400) d_6 years for this remnant (Abridged).
Bolsonaro: Politics as Permanent Crisis

With the election of Jair Bolsonaro, Brazil faces a bleak future, but how did such a racially diverse country elect a racist, fascist, dictatorship enthusiast after over a decade of Left governance? This chapter examines the role of anti-corruption politics as a political strategy in Bolsonaro’s rise to power. I argue that mass anti-corruption protests against Dilma Rousseff’s government 2015 and 2016, which incubated the “soft coup” that removed her from power in 2016, were vital to Bolsonaro’s rise. Bolsonaroism can be conceived of as a politics birthed by the irresolvability of political and economic crisis under neoliberalism. This chapter examines the 1932 Constitutionalist separatist revolt of Sao Paulo against the rule of Getulio Vargas as a parallel elite rebellion constitutive of the social forces that gave rise to Bolsonaro. This racialized regional identity promoted by an elite and new middle class connected to a specifically anti-developmentalist vision of the nation re-emerged again through the protests against Dilma, I argue that the New Right’s anti-corruption politics is deeply connected to the events of 1932.
Changes in Use of Radiotherapy Among Dermatologists From 2013 to 2017.

Importance Concerns have been raised about the use of radiotherapy (RT) by dermatologists. Little is known about temporal trends in payment for RT among dermatologists. Objective To characterize changes in RT use and payment among dermatologists treating patients enrolled in Medicare. Design, setting, and participants A cross-sectional, population-based retrospective analysis of dermatologists submitting Medicare claims was conducted. Dermatologists identified in the 2013-2017 Medicare Physician and Other Supplier Public Use File, which includes information on fee-for-service payments and service use among physicians caring for Medicare beneficiaries, were included in the analysis. The study was conducted from March 18 to October 22, 2020. Main outcomes and measures Numbers and types of RT, current terminology codes billed by dermatologists, number of dermatologists providing RT services, total payments and median payments per dermatologist for RT services, total services and median services per dermatologist, and number of dermatologists billing for both RT and Mohs micrographic surgery services. Results From 2013 to 2017, dermatologists billed RT codes, which included RT planning, preparation, delivery, and management services with varying levels of complexity. The number of dermatologists using RT increased from 115 to 198 between 2013 to 2017. Total payments and total services for RT have fluctuated over time. Median payments per dermatologist and median services provided per dermatologist for RT reached their highest level in 2017 ($80 810 and 629 services). In 2013, RT delivery was the highest reimbursed RT service type (total paid, $9 121 505). By 2017, clinical treatment planning and simulation was the highest reimbursed service type (total paid, $20 288 796). Conclusions and relevance The findings of this cross-sectional study indicate that dermatologist use of RT continues to increase. A wide variety of RT services are billed by dermatologists. Further research is needed to ensure expanded use is safe, efficacious, and cost-effective.
Robotic-arm assisted versus manual total hip arthroplasty: Systematic review and meta-analysis of radiographic accuracy.

BACKGROUND We systematically reviewed the radiological outcomes of studies comparing robotic-assisted (RA-THA) and manual total hip arthroplasty (mTHA). METHODS The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were queried from 1994-2021 for articles comparing radiographic outcomes between RA-THA and mTHA cohorts. A meta-analysis was conducted whenever sufficient data was present for common outcomes. RESULTS Our analysis included 20 articles reporting on 4140 patients (RA-THA: n = 1228; mTHA: n = 2912). No differences were demonstrated for acetabular inclination or anteversion. However, RA-THA demonstrated higher rates of cup orientation within the Lewinnek and Callanan safe zones, improved femoral stem alignment, and lower global offset difference (GOD) and limb length discrepancy (all p-values <0.05). Superior femoral canal fill and combined offset were seen among RA-THA patients. CONCLUSION Our review found that the use of RA-THA yields superior radiographic outcomes compared to mTHA counterparts. This information can inform healthcare systems considering investing in and implementing these technologies.
Surface ozone interannual variability, trends, and extremes in CCMI models

Abstract Tropospheric ozone exhibits variations at interannual to decadal timescales tied closely to climate variability. The fidelity of current-generation global chemistry-climate models (CCMs) in representing observed variations and extremes of troposphere ozone is an important aspect of model abilities to predict ozone but has not been comprehensively assessed. Here we evaluate multiple state-of-the-art CCMs participating in the Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative phase 1 (CCMI-1) in simulating the interannual variability (IAV), decadal trends, and extremes of surface ozone during 1990–2010 at northern mid-latitudes. We find that current CCMs tend to underestimate observed ozone IAV over the U.S., Europe, and East Asia in both spring and summer and fail to capture the springtime ozone trends in the eastern U.S. (EUS) and Europe. Specified-dynamics simulations constrained by reanalysis data outperform the free-running simulations with CCMs in terms of IAV and decadal trends of surface ozone. Observations show large surface ozone IAV in summer over the EUS, Europe, and East Asia (standard deviation = 3−6 ppbv or relative standard deviation = 8−15%) while all models substantially underestimate observed IAV by a factor of 2–3. Analysis in these populous/polluted regions unveils that the models significantly underestimate ozone extreme anomalies during heatwaves/droughts by 2–9 ppbv (17–55%) over the EUS and by 7–10 ppbv (42–59%) over Europe during the past two decades. These underestimates in summertime extreme anomalies contribute to the model biases in surface ozone IAV. Future model developments are needed to improve the ability of current CCMs to predict ozone extremes during heatwaves and droughts.
Rapid Retting of Kozo (Paper Mulberry) Bast with Erwinia carotovora

Retting is an application of microbial degradation of pectic substances contained in pectocellulosic fibers and is closely related to plant tissue maceration by pectic enzymes, especially to those plant diseases called" rot." 1-3) As microorganisms secreting pectic enzymes, the genera Bacillus, Clostridium, Erwinia, and others are well known. 4) Among them Erwinia has reported to be one of the strongest soft rot pathogens. The lants parasitized by Erwinia extend from annual and perennial vegetables, special crops, and petals to woody plants such as mulberry shoots. 5) Previous work6, 7) in this series has shown that retting with alkalophilic Bacillus sp. appreciably improved the pulping rate, but it had a limitation. In the present paper another investigation was made of retting of the inner bark of kozo or paper mulberry (Broussonetia kazinoki Sieb.) with E. carotovora to further accelerate pulping rate, considering that kozo in the mulberry family (Moraceae).
Univ. of Waterloo’s VLSI CAD Tools

The University of Waterloo’s VLSI CAD Tools include ACE, a graphical interface, and SPAID, a design-specific system for DSP synthesis, including transformations, scheduling, and data path synthesis.
More than one way to articulate a vision: A configurations approach to leader charismatic rhetoric and influence

Abstract Charismatic rhetoric represents an important tool for leaders to articulate their respective visions. However, much of the research to date on this construct has yet to consider how the eight separate dimensions of charismatic rhetoric may be used in conjunction with one another to form distinctive profiles of charismatic leadership influence. Thus, the present investigation explored the interplay of the individual dimensions using content analysis of the 1960–2012 United States presidential debates. Cluster analysis revealed the emergence of four distinctive rhetorical strategies, one of which was more strongly related to the prediction of influence success as measured by presidential election outcomes. Results suggest that conceptualizing charismatic rhetoric as a multidimensional profile construct represents a valuable area for subsequent research on charismatic rhetoric, and several possible directions are suggested.
Testing the impact of an information literacy course: Undergraduates' perceptions and use of the university libraries' web portal

Abstract Numerous sources have observed that undergraduates tend to use Internet search engines, predominantly Google, instead of library electronic resources for their course work. Thus, academic librarians have expressed concern about the under-utilization of resources provided through library Web portals. Studies of technology acceptance and success indicate that user training can positively influence individuals' use of information systems. Even so, there has been no investigation of the longterm effects of user education on the use of library Web portals. This longitudinal study fills this gap in the literature by determining whether a semester-long, credit-bearing, general education course integrated with an information literacy component positively alters undergraduate students' perceptions and increases their use of the university libraries' web portal at a mid-size research institution. A mixed methods approach was employed, collecting data through three rounds of survey (pre-course, post-course, and follow-up) as well as one-on-one interviews. Results from the quantitative analysis indicated variance in participants' perceptions and use of the libraries' portal from the short-term to a longer term. The positive influence of the course was validated through a manipulation check. The outcome of interviews also confirmed the findings derived from the quantitative data.
Reducing defectivity in 90nm BEOL metal CMP using geometrybased segmented inspection strategy

In the early development and ramp stage of a product's lifecycle, defect densities are comprised of defects of interest (DOI) and non-critical nuisance defects. Nuisance defects can overwhelm the inspection results, limiting the overall usefulness of inspection for routine line monitoring and DOI reduction efforts. In an attempt to accelerate yield ramp and optimize the capture rate of critical area defects, a dynamic approach to recipe sensitivity using a full die inspection has been investigated. In this current methodology, a simple auto-threshold (AT) inspection has been replaced by a 4-segment segmented auto-threshold (SAT) inspection, which defines regions and their respective thresholds based upon the critical area within back-end-of-line (BEOL) Cu CMP layers. The strategy employed is to separate critical minimum geometry lines from larger, less critical lines, and further separate open regions susceptible to prior level defects (i.e. hillocks). Inline automatic defect classification (iADC) has also been used to further reduce the remaining prior-level defects not segmented out via SAT. This approach allows us to have a tunable critical area weighted inspection. As the defect densities improve over the product's lifecycle, the respective segments can further be tuned to optimize capture rates. In addition, each segment can be modulated, allowing for high purity segment specific DOI recipes to drive defect reduction activities (i.e. minimum geometry missing pattern)
Low-power on-chip bus architecture using dynamic relative delays

This paper proposes a dynamic delayed line bus scheme (DDL) for low-power on-chip buses. This scheme dynamically introduces a delay to bus lines having a certain switching activity to create relative delay between opposite switching adjacent lines. The optimum relative delay introduced by this proposed scheme is shown to reduce the power dissipation by up to 16%.
Ordered Structures in Rings

The ring of integers ℤ has a natural ordering structure which behaves compatibly with the operations of addition and multiplication in ℤ. If we axiomatize the basic properties of the ordering structure on ℤ with respect to addition and multiplication, we arrive at the notion of an ordered ring. In this short chapter, we shall give an introduction to some of the basic facts concerning ordered rings.
Curcumin: an orally bioavailable blocker of TNF and other pro-inflammatory biomarkers

TNFs are major mediators of inflammation and inflammation-related diseases, hence, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the use of blockers of the cytokine, TNF-α, for the treatment of osteoarthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis and ankylosis. These drugs include the chimeric TNF antibody (infliximab), humanized TNF-α antibody (Humira) and soluble TNF receptor-II (Enbrel) and are associated with a total cumulative market value of more than $20 billion a year. As well as being expensive ($15 000–20 000 per person per year), these drugs have to be injected and have enough adverse effects to be given a black label warning by the FDA. In the current report, we describe an alternative, curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a component of turmeric (Curcuma longa) that is very inexpensive, orally bioavailable and highly safe in humans, yet can block TNF-α action and production in in vitro models, in animal models and in humans. In addition, we provide evidence for curcumin's activities against all of the diseases for which TNF blockers are currently being used. Mechanisms by which curcumin inhibits the production and the cell signalling pathways activated by this cytokine are also discussed. With health-care costs and safety being major issues today, this golden spice may help provide the solution. Linked Articles This article is part of a themed section on Emerging Therapeutic Aspects in Oncology. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2013.169.issue-8
Specific amplification of the 18S rRNA gene as a method to detect zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) larvae in plankton samples

An important issue in the management of zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) populations is early, rapid, and accurate detection of the planktonic larvae (veliger) of the zebra mussel. The goal of this study was to explore the feasibility of developing a molecular approach for the detection of zebra mussel larvae in diverse environments. In this study a Dreissena polymorpha-specific 18S ribosomal RNA gene targeted oligonucleotide primer (ZEB-715a) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay was developed and compared with cross-polarized microscopy as a means to detect zebra mussel veligers in plankton samples. The design of the zebra mussel-specific primer was facilitated by sequencing nearly the complete 18S rRNA gene from the zebra mussel and three other closely related freshwater Veneroids including the quagga mussel (D. bugensis), the dark false mussel (Mytilopsis leucophaeata), and the Asian freshwater clam (Corbicula fluminea). The specificity of the primer for the zebra mussel was empirically tested by using the primer as a direct probe in a blot hybridization format. A single veliger in a plankton sample could be detected by PCR using this approach. Veliger detection sensitivity using the PCR approach was estimated to be over 300 times more sensitive than cross-polarized light microscopy based techniques. Cross-polarized light microscopy and the PCR technique were used to identify the presence of zebra mussel larvae in plankton samples that were collected from a variety of natural and industrial water sources. Detection results (presence or absence) were generally consistent between the two methods. Although additional studies will be required before routine application of molecular based veliger detection technology is available, a long-term goal of this work is the application of molecular technology to the development of a field device for the routine detection and quantification of zebra mussel veligers.
Efeito da adubação orgânica na produção de biomassa e bioatividade do óleo essencial do capim citronela

RESUMO Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o efeito da adubacao orgânica no crescimento e na producao de biomassa do capim citronela (Cymbopogon nardus), assim como avaliar o efeito do oleo essencial do capim citronela e do composto citronelal na inibicao do crescimento micelial do fungo Didymella bryoniae. Na avaliacao do efeito da adubacao orgânica no crescimento do capim citronela, foi utilizado o delineamento em blocos casualizados em esquema de parcela subdividida. As parcelas foram constituidas por quatro doses de adubacao orgânica de esterco bovino curtido (0, 3, 6 e 9 Kg cova-1) e as subparcelas por cinco epocas de amostragem (80, 108, 136, 164, 192 dias apos o transplante). Para avaliar a fungitoxicidade do oleo essencial do capim citronela na inibicao do crescimento micelial do fungo D. bryoniae, foi instalado no delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial. Os tratamentos foram compostos por cinco aliquotas (5, 10, 15, 20 e 25 µL) do oleo essencial do capim citronela e do composto citronelal, em cinco epocas de amostragem. Verificou-se no tratamento de adubacao orgânica de 9 Kg cova-1 os maiores valores em todas as variaveis analisadas na ultima epoca de amostragem. Constatou-se maior efeito de inibicao do crescimento micelial utilizando o citronelal em comparacao com o oleo essencial. Na aliquota de 25 µL do citronelal ocorreu inibicao total do crescimento micelial do fungo D. bryoniae.
Bridging the Research‐to‐Practice Gap: Designing an Institutional Change Plan Using Local Evidence

Background Ample research provides evidence about the influence of effective teaching practices on student success. Yet the adoption of such practices has been slow at many institutions. Efforts to bridge the gap between research and practice are needed. Purpose We describe an institutional change plan we developed to bridge this research-to- practice gap. Our plan is grounded in research and theories about faculty motivation and organizational change, and we designed it using local evidence from the University of Michigan College of Engineering. Design/Method We collected local data from three sources to provide context for our institutional change plan. First, faculty focus groups allowed us to determine factors that influence faculty adoption of effective teaching practices. Second, classroom observations allowed us to ascertain current teaching practices. Third, a student survey allowed us to identify teaching practices perceived by students to enhance their success. We used this local evidence with a “who/what/how” decision-making process to design our change plan. Results Our institutional change plan for accelerating the adoption of effective teaching practices comprises a faculty action plan and an administrative change plan. Although still evolving, there is evidence of the success of both parts. Conclusions Local evidence is critical in our change plan. Change agents wishing to bridge the research-to-practice gap at their own institutions can design a plan that adapts our process and integrates relevant research and theory with their own local data.
Hope And Dread In Psychoanalysis

The Analytic Situation * What Does the Patient Need? A Revolution Theory * What Does the Analyst Know? A Revolution in Metatheory * The Two Revolutions Together Self In Psychoanalysis * Multiple Selves, Singular Self * True Selves, False Selves, and the Ambiguity of Authenticity * Aggression and the Endangered Self The Analytic Relationship * Wishes, Needs, and Interpersonal Negotiations * The Dialectics of Hope
Recognition of distinctive patterns of gallium-67 distribution in sarcoidosis

Assessment of gallium-67 (67Ga) uptake in the salivary and lacrimal glands and intrathoracic lymph nodes was made in 605 consecutive patients including 65 with sarcoidosis. A distinctive intrathoracic lymph node 67Ga uptake pattern, resembling the Greek letter lambda, was observed only in sarcoidosis (72%). Symmetrical lacrimal gland and parotid gland 67Ga uptake (panda appearance) was noted in 79% of sarcoidosis patients. A simultaneous lambda and panda pattern (62%) or a panda appearance with radiographic bilateral, symmetrical, hilar lymphadenopathy (6%) was present only in sarcoidosis patients. The presence of either of these patterns was particularly prevalent in roentgen Stages I (80%) or II (74%). We conclude that simultaneous (a) lambda and panda images, or (b) a panda image with bilateral symmetrical hilar lymphadenopathy on chest X-ray represent distinctive patterns which are highly specific for sarcoidosis, and may obviate the need for invasive diagnostic procedures.
Progressive failure analysis of three-dimensional woven carbon composites in single-bolt, double-shear bearing

Abstract A three-dimensional progressive damage model has been developed to capture the onset and initial propagation of damage within a three-dimensional woven composite in a single-bolt, double-shear joint. Reinforced with a three-dimensional woven ply to ply interlock IM7 carbon fiber preform impregnated with toughened epoxy resin and manufactured using a resin transfer molding process, the composite represents a unique material currently used in select aerospace structures. The modeled joint is commonly found in many aerospace structures and, when combined with the progressive damage response of this three-dimensional woven composite, the material response can be reliably predicted with a three-dimensional non-linear finite element model. This model is constructed using an orthotropic material assumption far from the bearing area and a voxelized mesoscale model with an as-molded geometry representing matrix and impregnated tow phases. The well-established Hashin failure criteria and the Matzenmiller–Lubliner–Taylor damage model were implemented with the unique morphology of three-dimensional woven composites. The onset of damage and trends seen in the model were found to be in agreement with previous experimental findings.
Two-dimensional scanning laser slope gauge: measurements of ocean-ripple structures

A compact, two-dimensional scanning laser slope gauge has been developed for measuring ocean ripples, leading to the determination of their directional slope spectrum in the wavelength range of 4.5–81 mm. A telecentric scanning mechanism is used to enhance the dynamic range of slope measurements and to eliminate constraints caused by water-surface undulations associated with long waves. Successful laboratory tests and field trials have been performed; sample results are provided.
Modeling of transmission, scattering, and reception for multistatic polarimetric radar

This paper develops a data model and corresponding imaging operation for multistatic polarimetric radar. The mathematical model describes the processes of radiation from a transmitting antenna, scattering from a moving target, and reception at a receiving antenna. A bistatic scattering matrix based on physical optics and the fast-time Doppler effects of a moving target are incorporated. Simulations are presented that consider a moving target in multiple transmitter and receiver configurations with multiple transmit waveforms and polarization schemes.
Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy

Nausea and vomiting are common experiences in pregnancy, affecting 70% to 80% of all pregnant women. Various metabolic and neuromuscular factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) and hyperemesis gravidarum (HG), an entity distinct from NVP. However, their exact cause is unknown. Consequently, treatment of NVP and HG can be difficult, as neither the optimal targets for treatment nor the full effects of potential treatments on the developing fetus are known. This article reviews the epidemiology, pathology, diagnosis, outcomes, and treatment of NVP and HG.
A Brief Sketch of the Philosophy of Herman Dooyeweerd

An account is offered of Dooyeweerd’s non-reductionist ontology. It also includes the role of religious belief in theory making, although it omits his case for why such a role is unavoidable. The ontology is a theory of the nature of (created) reality which presupposes and is regulated by belief in the God of Judeo-Christian theism. Because it takes everything in creation to be directly dependent on God, it offers an account of the natures of both natural things and artifacts which avoids regarding anything in the cosmos as what all else in the cosmos depends on.
Symplectic integrators for the Ablowitz–Ladik discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation

Abstract The Ablowitz–Ladik discrete Nonlinear Schrodinger Eq. (IDNLS) has a noncanonical symplectic structure for which standard symplectic integrators are not applicable. Using generating functions we derive higher order symplectic schemes for the IDNLS. A comparison of the efficiency of the symplectic schemes with standard Runge–Kutta algorithms with respect to accuracy and integration time is provided.
Noh's constant-velocity shock problem revisited

We present the solutions to Noh's shock tube problem in planar, cylindrical, and spherical geometry. This problem has the well-deserved reputation of being challenging to numerical methods. Since the gas is initially cold there are infinitely many reflections of the shock between the fixed wall and the piston as the piston moves with constant velocity towards the wall. An implicit adaptive grid algorithm allows us, for the first time, to generate the complete solutions in these three geometries. We discuss them in detail, in particular follow the shock over many reflections, and perform numerical consistency checks. For the planar case the exact analytical solution is derived, and the numerical error in all physical quantities is found to be less than 1% on a 100 grid-point computational domain. For the converging geometries an approximate analytical theory is presented, and the deviations between the theory and the numerical results are found to be less than 10% on the same domain. A substantial part of this total error is due to errors in the approximate analytical results. We discuss the physics of the shock reflection in the three geometries, and analyze in particular the finite amount of entropy that is produced after the the first shock reflection. In an appendix we present some details of our code and demonstrate that the adaptive grid permits us to carry out computations of extreme precision. The reliability of our solutions in all three geometries allows them to become demanding tests for 2D and 3D codes.
Hydrological investigative work by petroleum companies

Last summer as the writer was about to depart for a trip of inspection of several oil districts of the United States, Dr. Meinzer suggested that he might inquire from oil men as to the extent that petroleum companies are investigating hydrological questions. It was not practicable for him to make a detailed study of the problem, but he obtained certain information which may be of interest to the Committee. Water affects the exploitation of petroleum in a number of ways. The following are some of the problems with which petroleum technologists are confronted: (1) Encroachment of edge-water as petroleum is removed from an oil pool; (2) zones of water through which wells have to be drilled to reach underlying oil zones; (3) migration of oil from the sediment in which it originates to the place where it accumulates; (4) artificial flooding of oil zones with water in order to increase the production of petroleum; (5) the distribution of ground-water with respect to subsurface geologic structure as an aid in the finding of new oil fields; (6) water-supply for drilling the wells and for the people operating the oil fields; (7) separation of emulsions of water and oil; (8) disposal of the water produced with the oil; and (9) exploitation of oil-field brines.
Randomized clinical trials and the problem of suboptimal care: an overview of the controversy.

(1990). Randomized Clinical Trials and the Problem of Suboptimal Care: An Overview of the Controversy. Cancer Investigation: Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 191-205.
Public Engagement and Personal Desires: BAPS Swaminarayan Temples and their Contribution to the Discourses on Religion

On an especially warm weekend in late May 2008, thousands of people stood under the mid-day sun, with no shade tree in sight, and waited for their chance to enter the elaborately carved Swaminarayan Temple before them. The sun appeared to dance on the temple’s fully carved exterior, placing in bright relief the threedimensional designs on the temple base, the domes, archways, and spires. The visitors, who could be overheard speaking languages as varied as Arabic, Mandarin, Russian, and Vietnamese, showed no signs of hurry and, with visible expressions of curiosity, took photographs of the temple as they moved closer to the designated entrance. This scene, with the visual centerpiece of the carved temple and its appreciative audience, was perhaps not so unexpected given the occasion, namely, the city of Toronto, Canada’s annual “Doors Open Toronto” event, where the local habitues are invited to visit its “multicultural places of worship” and “national historic sites.” 1 As I stood outside the temple’s haveli doors, where the entering and exiting visitors were being expertly guided by volunteers, it was clear that this Swaminarayan Temple, not yet one-year old, had impressed its guests. Speaking to people as they exited the temple, many holding their pink prasad boxes with an image of the Toronto Temple on the lid, I was both intrigued by the sincerity of their comments and their choice of words. Many said that they would return to the temple for a more contemplative experience, or in the words of one man, “to have a better appreciation of this spiritual atmosphere.” A woman who had traveled by public transport to the temple said, “You can see this is a highly spiritual place, and it makes me want to know more about Hinduism.” An elderly man, who was waiting for his wife to collect her shoes, shared, “This new temple really brings pride to all of us in Toronto. It teaches us how peaceful Hinduism is and gives us a real taste of living Hindu religion and spirituality, right here, in Canada.” And, an Asian woman, in response to my question about why she had come to the temple, simply stated, “I saw it getting built as I drove to work everyday and I came to see what it is.…We
Abstract 3944: Serine phosphorylation of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein regulates the tumorigenic potential of colon cancer cells.

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common and deadly cancers in developed nations. Molecular mechanisms precisely defining colorectal tumorigenesis and cancer progression remain unclear, an obstacle for innovative research applications. The vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) is an actin-binding protein which critically regulates the cytoskeleton and its dependent functions, including cell shape, adhesion and migration. Of relevance, VASP Ser phosphorylation becomes deregulated in colorectal transformation and promotes invasive protrusion dynamics. Here, VASP Ser phosphorylation was selectively inhibited in colon carcinoma cells employing dominant negative mutants. Effects on cell tumorigenic potential were examined with two mouse models of colorectal cancer. Compared to control conditions, suppression of VASP Ser239 phosphorylation resulted in an enhanced cancer cell capability to establish tumor colonies in both the subcutaneous and peritoneal xenograft model. Increased tumorigenicity reflected, in part, hyper proliferative kinetics of cancer cells bearing VASP Ser239 mutants, which exhibited accelerated growth and DNA synthesis rates. In contrast, selective inhibition of VASP Ser157 slowed cell proliferation and reduced the in vivo tumorigenic potential of colon carcinoma cells, compared to respective controls. These observations support the suggestion that VASP Ser phosphorylation represents a fine signaling mechanism to control intestinal tumorigenesis and invasion, a novel paradigm for targeted anticancer strategies in patients with colorectal cancer. Citation Format: Mehboob Ali, Inna Chervoneva, Giovanni M. Pitari. Serine phosphorylation of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein regulates the tumorigenic potential of colon cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3944. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3944
A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study Comparing Depression and Health Service Deficits Between Rural and Nonrural U.S. Military Veterans

ABSTRACT With involvement in two wars over the past decade, there has been a documented increase in depression prevalence and suicide incidence among U.S. military veterans. Because higher proportions of veterans come from rural communities, access to care may be an issue when behavioral health care is needed. Although the Veterans Administration has expanded health services in rural areas, this has not always resulted in increased service utilization. This study examined the prevalence of depression and associated health service deficits (HSDs) for rural versus nonrural U.S. military veterans. Using bivariate and multivariate techniques, 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data were analyzed. Bivariate analysis revealed that rural veterans had greater odds of having at least one HSD, being currently depressed as measured by the Personal Health Questionnaire-8, and having lifetime depression. Logistic regression analysis confirmed that rural veterans had higher odds of both current and lifetim...
Mathematical model development and simulation of in situ stabilization in lead-contaminated soils

Stabilization and remediation of lead-contaminated soils has received considerable attention recently. Amending Pb-contaminated soils with phosphate as an in situ remediation option has been proposed as an alternative to other remediation options, such as soil removal. Research shows that hydroxyapatite (HA) [Ca(5)(PO(4))(3)OH] can reduce the bioavailability of Pb efficiently and thus is considered as an ideal phosphate source for formation of lead pyromorphite. Environmental models are increasingly being relied upon to help identify the limiting factors in such kind of in situ remediation. In this work, the contaminated aggregates remediation model has been developed and simulated to describe the effects of initial contaminant concentration, diffusion coefficient, and aggregate diameter on the time of remediation which is defined as the time required to reduce the aqueous phase lead concentration to <1 ppb. Results of simulation demonstrate that the aggregate size plays a significant role in remediation. The compartments-in-series model has been used to describe the dynamics of in situ stabilization in a soil bed. Results show that for a shallow bed a single, well-mixed, one compartment model gives approximately the same remediation time as the three compartments-in-series model.
RECIPROCAL INHIBITION OF CARDIAC RESPONSES TO NORE-PINEPHRINE AND INSULIN

The effects of insulin (IN) and norepinephrine (NE) on left ventricular contractility (LVc) were studied in 20 piglets. Aortic pressure, cardiac output, heart rate and temperature were controlled, and LV dP/dt max was taken to reflect LVc. Hypoglycemia was prevented by giving glucose as necessary. LVc increased 28% (p<.02) 45 min. after IN (20U). Following β-blockade (practolol, 1 mg/kg), in caused a 55% increase in LVc. NE dose-response (DR) curves were obtained before and after IN. Maximal changes in LVc with each dose of NE (0.5-2.0μg) were significantly less in hearts exposed to IN. Duplicate DR curves were identical, indicating that prior exposure to NE did not inhibit subsequent responses. However, in those piglets initially subjected to a NE dose-response curve, IN elicited only an 11% increase of LVc, and this was not significant. Thus, the inotropic response was attenuated (p<.01) in animals previously exposed to NE, Conversely, in animals first subjected to β-blockade, the response to IN was greater (p<.005). These data indicate a reciprocal blocking action by these hormones on piglet myocardium. The cellular mechanisms responsible for these findings remain to be elucidated, but likely involve modulation of Ca++ fluxes.
Early Eocene climate warming increased petroleum production

From the late Paleocene, about 58 million years ago, to the early Eocene, about 51 million years ago, Earth's surface temperatures warmed by about 5°–10°C. Also in the early Eocene, there was an increase of carbon-13-depleted carbon in the oceans that cannot be accounted for by changes in carbon cycling at the surface. To better understand the source of that carbon, Kroeger and Funnell modeled the thermal evolution of four sedimentary basins in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. The authors show that the rising surface temperatures of the early Eocene eventually led to warming of the sedimentary beds deep beneath the surface. Petroleum can be produced at only a certain range of temperatures; rising temperatures at greater depths would bring more potential source rocks into temperature conditions under which oil and gas can be produced and released.
Rheological Characterization of Grain Legume Pastes and Effect of Hydration Time and Water Level on Apparent Viscosity

An extrusion capillary viscometer was employed to obtain shear stress-shear rate data of two types of cowpea pastes, traditional and experimental. The power law model was found to describe adequately flow behavior of the pastes with consistency coefficients of 77.45 and 59.02, and flow behavior indices of 0.456 and 0.458 for experimental and traditional pastes, respectively. Effect of hydration time (0 - 180 min) and water level (54 - 62%) on the apparent viscosity of experimental paste was determined by extrusion capillary and Brookfield viscometers with correlation coefficient of 0.953. Water level had a significantly greater effect than hydration time on apparent viscosity of cowpea paste.
A Designed 3D Self-Assembled Crystalline DNA Array

The precise control of the structure of matter is a central concern of the natural sciences. To this end, numerous investigators have developed self-assembling systems to produce targets of interest. Taking its cue from biological systems, structural DNA nanotechnology has used branched DNA motifs combined with cohesive ends to produce objects, nanomechanical devices and designed two-dimensional lattices. The details of these 2D lattices have been studied primarily by atomic force microscopy, whose resolution is 3-10 nm in typical analyses. The criteria for three dimensional self-assemblies are more strict, because the primary technique for their analysis is x-ray crystallography, whose resolution is limited only by the wavelength of the source (about 1 A). Previous efforts to produce self-assembled three-dimensional lattices have produced lattices that conformed to the design, but whose resolution was no better than 10 A, not really capable of revealing molecular structure. Here, we report the crystal structure at 5 A resolution of a self-assembled designed three-dimensional lattice based on the tensegrity triangle. Each edge of the tensegrity triangle contains two turns of DNA. The structure and sticky ends have been designed to be 3-fold symmetric, and at this resolution it appears to be so. The data are of sufficient quality to demonstrate clearly that it is possible to design a 3D lattice using the techniques of self-assembly based on molecular recognition.This research supported by NIGMS, NSF, ARO and the W.M. Keck Foundation.
HyKSS: Hybrid Keyword and Semantic Search

Keyword search suffers from a number of issues: ambiguity, synonymy, and an inability to handle semantic constraints. Semantic search helps resolve these issues but is limited by the quality of annotations which are likely to be incomplete or imprecise. Hybrid search, a search technique that combines the merits of both keyword and semantic search, appears to be a promising solution. In this paper we describe and evaluate HyKSS, a hybrid search system driven by extraction ontologies for both annotation creation and query interpretation. For displaying results, HyKSS uses a dynamic ranking algorithm. We show that over data sets of short topical documents, the HyKSS ranking algorithm outperforms both keyword and semantic search in isolation, as well as a number of other non-HyKSS hybrid approaches to ranking.
On Projective Transformations of the CIE-Chromaticity Diagram

A classification of projective transformations of the plane with respect to their fixed elements is introduced into the whole universe of projective transformations of the CIE-chromaticity diagram. On the basis of the given classification and by using some theorems of projective geometry a graphical method is developed for constructing chromaticity coordinates x′, y′ which correspond to given chromaticity coordinates x, y by a given transformation matrix. The principle of the graphical method holds for all types of projective transformations. In connection with some examples which demonstrate the theory, the intrinsic significance of the fixed points of a projective transformation is discussed with respect to colorimetric problems.
Suspended sediment discharge of the Susquehanna river to Northern Chesapeake Bay, 1966 to 1976

Between 1966 and 1976, the Susquehanna River at Conowingo, Maryland, discharged approximately 50 million metric tons of suspended sediment to Northern Chesapeake Bay. About 40 million metric tons were discharged in two floods associated with hurricanes: Agnes (24–30 June 1972) and Eloise (26–30 September 1975). In the six years with complete records and no major floods, the Susquehanna River discharged 0.9±0.3 million metric tons of suspended sediment per year at Conowingo Dam. Aout 50 to 60 percent of the annual sediment discharge is usually floods, suspended sediment transport at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, exceeds sediment discharge at Conowingo, Maryland, probably due to sediment deposition in the lower river and behind three hydroelectric dams.