cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Waldenström Macroglobulinemia: Unusual Presentation With Cast Nephropathy/Light Chain Tubulopathy

Cast Nephropathy/Light chain tubulopathy is usually present in patients with multiple myeloma and is very rare in patients with Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia. There are very few case reports mentioned in the literature. We present an interesting case of Cast Nephropathy and light chain tubulopathy in an 81-year-old female patient with Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia who required medical attention for worsening renal failure. Serum protein electrophoresis/Immunofixation showed IgM Kappa monoclonal gammopathy. Renal biopsy was remarkable for cast nephropathy and light chain tubulopathy. Furthermore on bone marrow biopsy a low grade B cell lymphoproliferative disorder with plasmacytic differentiation was present. This was most consistent with lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, accounting for 50-60 percent of total bone marrow cellularity, in a hypercellular (60-80 percent) bone marrow.
Construction of the racialised and colonised other: global comparatives in imperial and colonial archaeology

Whereas Sarr and Savoy (2018) focus on artefacts taken from various African countries after 1885, Incidental archaeologists, considers “the first four decades of the French conquest and pacification of Algeria under the authority of the French military Government General” (p. 24). Throughout the volume, Effros presents a convincing argument in which the social history of military infrastructure lays the groundwork for the future of the French civilising mission. She is clear about the magnitude of the task that the book is engaged in; it provides links between early French archaeologists and epigraphers and their place within the development of the disciplines. It also considers the ways by which romanticised narratives, created by French officers, about the classical archaeology of Algeria led to irresponsible destruction of antiquity, violence against local resistant populations and classifications that became constitutive of colonial archaeological interest and practice.
Abstract 4997: Responsiveness to immune checkpoint inhibitors in RET dependent cancers

Background: The RET receptor tyrosine kinase can be oncogenically activated by gene fusions or point mutations. Multikinase inhibitors such as cabozantinib, lenvatinib, and vandetanib have demonstrated activity in RET dependent (RET+) malignancies. Recent development of selective RET inhibitors is poised to alter their treatment paradigm. However, the responsiveness of RET+ malignancies to immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) is unknown. We compared the time to progression (TTP) on ICI with non-ICI therapy in patients with malignancies harboring activating RET mutations/fusions. Methods: A retrospective chart review of all RET+ patients who were referred to the phase 1 clinical trials program at MD Anderson Cancer Center between September 2014 and October 2018 was conducted. Patients who had not discontinued treatment or had discontinued treatment for reasons besides disease progression were censored. Time to progression was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results: Out of 72 patients who had received systemic therapy for RET+ malignancies, 39 (54.2%) harbored RET mutations (RETm) and 33 (45.8%) harbored RET fusions (RETf). Nineteen patients (26.4%) received ICI and 53 (73.6%) received non-ICI therapy. Thirty four patients (47.2%) had medullary thyroid cancer, 29 (40.3%) had NSCLC and 9 (12.5%) had other types of cancer. PD-L1 expression was only available for 7 patients of which 5 (71.4%) were positive (≥ 1%). Patients had received a median of 1 (1-7) prior lines of therapy. Overall median TTP (mTTP) was 10.5 months (95% CI 6.7-30.1). Hazard ratio for ICI vs. non-ICI therapy was 1.73 (0.70, 4.26) p=0.25 in patients with RETf and 8.0 (2.27, 28.2) p=0.0025 in patients with RETm. Conclusions: In patients with RET+ malignancies, mTTP was shorter with ICI compared to non-ICI therapy. The effect of type of therapy was dependent on the type of RET pathway aberration, with a statistically significant higher risk of progression in RETm malignancies treated with ICI compared to non-ICI therapy. Citation Format: Aparna Hegde, Le Huang, Shuang Liu, Kenneth Hess, Maria Cabanillas, Mimi Hu, Naifa Busaidy, Steven Sherman, George Simon, George Blumenschein, Vassiliki A. Papadimitrakopoulou, David S. Hong, Funda Meric-Bernstam, John Heymach, Vivek Subbiah. Responsiveness to immune checkpoint inhibitors in RET dependent cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4997.
Tightly Coupled Array Design Based on Phase Center Contour for Indoor Direction Findings in Harsh Environments

A new model for accurate direction findings is presented, and the superiority of the proposed model is demonstrated over the existing models for real system requirements. The proposed model is constructed based on the phase center contour of each element in the array. It is also shown that the accuracy of the proposed model will remain for tightly coupled arrays while other models fail. A novel algorithm according to this new model is also proposed. The proposed algorithm is proved by both simulations and measurements to be a viable solution for indoor applications where strong multipath interferences exist in the environment. Furthermore, a detailed explanation of accurate direction finding in harsh environments is presented using ultra-miniaturized tightly coupled arrays. In general, the direction-of-arrival estimation accuracy deteriorates using such miniaturized arrays, whereas we have shown that an excellent estimation accuracy is achieved using the proposed model and the detection algorithm. This statement is substantiated for any environments regardless of the strength of interference. To validate the developed model and theory, several practical prototypes of tightly coupled arrays are fabricated using the typical FR4 printed-circuit-board (PCB) fabrication process. The prototypes are measured in several indoor scenarios at the presence of multipath. The results are studied in detail.
Genes, Gender Inequality, and Educational Attainment:

Women’s opportunities have been profoundly altered over the past century by reductions in the social and structural constraints that limit women’s educational attainment. Do social constraints mani...
Transactive Energy Based Approach for Large-Scale Plug-in Electric Vehicle Charging Control

This paper presents a transactive energy (TE) based control approach for planning the charging activities of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs). In the presented framework, individual PEV owners propose charging bids to minimize the charging cost. The proposed bids depend on the charging urgency and the day-ahead electricity price forecast. Considering the scalability of the system, aggregators at the node-level are designed to collect the bids for a group of PEVs within a node and submit a combined bid for the node to the market in a distribution network. The market clears the electricity price based on the bids, grid constraints, and the day-ahead electricity price. When the received power from the market is less than that of the total PEV power demand, power dispatch is required to effectively allocate the available power to individual distribution nodes and PEVs. Economic power dispatch algorithms are designed to minimize grid power loss and the difference of bidding cost and actual charging cost. A case study shows that the PEV charging cost and the overloading of the distribution network can be reduced significantly with the presented method.
Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction

Implant-based breast reconstruction is the most frequently employed breast reconstruction approach due to its relative technical ease and short postoperative recovery. In particular, increasing usage of both direct-to-permanent implant placement and pre-pectoral positioning of breast implants necessitate a trustworthy test for mastectomy skin flap perfusion.
Coherence of Involutive Symmetric Monoidal Categories

The purpose of this chapter is to study coherence of involutive symmetric monoidal categories. Most of the constructions are adapted from Chapter 5, where we studied coherence of involutive monoidal categories. In Section 6.1 and Section 6.2, we give explicit constructions of the free involutive symmetric monoidal category and of the free involutive strict symmetric monoidal category generated by a category. We observe that they are equivalent via a strict involutive strict symmetric monoidal functor. In Section 6.3 we show that in a small involutive symmetric monoidal category, every suitably defined formal diagram is commutative. In Section 6.4 we show that every involutive symmetric monoidal category can be strictified to an involutive strict symmetric monoidal category via an involutive adjoint equivalence involving involutive strong symmetric monoidal functors. The remaining two sections contain explicit constructions of the free involutive (strict) symmetric monoidal category generated by an involutive category.
Applications in Diverse Specialties

In this chapter, surgical CEV-ules for diverse specialties are discussed. This includes adult urology as neobladder, obstetrics as Cesarean section, ophthalmology as eye muscle recession, orthopedics as pinning a supracondylar fracture, and otorhinolaryngology as thyroidectomy.
Dielectric loss modes of SrTiO3 thin films deposited on different substrates

The dielectric loss modes of SrTiO3 thin films deposited on different substrates are reported. Two dielectric loss modes around 165 and 75 K (at 10 kHz) with field-independent Tm are emphasized. The physical origin of the dielectric modes is discussed and is tentatively attributed to the motion of oxygen vacancies.
Overview of Applications in Power Systems

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Optimization Power System Applications Model Identification Control Distribution System Applications Conclusions References
Identification of a novel HLA‐DQB1 allele, DQB1*05:19, in an African American family by sequence‐based typing

The novel allele, DQB1*05:19, differs from the closest matching allele, DQB1*05:02:01, by one nucleotide substitution.
Body mass indices in patients with disabling hip osteoarthritis.

Hip osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that results in substantial morbidity. The disease may be preventable in some instances by reducing risk factors associated with the disease. We undertook a study to determine whether being overweight or obese, a health risk that applies to younger and older age groups, is commonly associated with hip joint OA. The body mass indices (BMIs) of 1021 males and females ranging in age from 23 to 94 years and requiring surgery for end-stage hip joint OA were analyzed to find the prevalence of high body weights at the time of surgery. Being overweight was defined as having a BMI of 25–29.9 kg/m2 and being obese as having a BMI >30 kg/m2. BMIs indicative of overweight were recorded for 68% of the patients surveyed. Of 35 patients aged 30–39 years, 53.3% had BMIs >25, with a mean of 28.8, which nearly reaches the lower limit defined for obesity. On average, patients who had had previous surgery and complications warranting reimplantation of new surgical devices had BMIs in the obese range. Our findings suggest that a high percentage of patients with end-stage hip OA are overweight, including younger adults and those with symptoms of 3–6 months' duration. Moreover, patients whose BMIs are in the obese range may be at increased risk for removal and reimplantation of their prosthesis.
Hygroscopic substances in microanalysis

The weighing of hygroscopic solids in milligram procedures is influenced mainly by the relative hygroscopicity of the substance. Three types of hygroscopicity are differentiated according to the moisture adsorption in µg. of a 5 mg. sample. These types are similar to those described byHayman.
Cyclical fluctuations and sectoral reallocation

Abstract To investigate how sectoral demand shifts affect cyclical unemployment, studies by Murphy-Topel and Loungani-Rogerson examine whether labor mobility rises in recession. Results are contradictory, depending on a priori assumptions about unfinished unemployment spells. This note uses monthly data from the early 1980s and a competing risks hazard approach to overcome this problem. Results confirm the Loungani-Rogerson finding of higher respecialization in recession; however, the countercyclicality is fairly modest when estimated in an unbiased way.
RB and Cdc2 expression in brain: correlations with 3H-thymidine incorporation and neurogenesis

Expression of the cell cycle regulatory proteins RB and p34cdc2 was examined in the adult rat brain, with special emphasis on proliferation and neuronal differentiation in the hippocampal formation and olfactory bulb. RB-like immunoreactivity (RB-IR) was detected throughout the brain, with particularly intense staining observed in hippocampal pyramidal cells, pyriform cortex, and cerebellar Purkinje cells. Intense RB-IR and cdc2-IR were also detected in proliferating neuronal precursor cells in the subgranular region of the dentate gyrus and in the subependymal region extending from the anterior lateral ventricle into the olfactory bulb. Many of these cells developed into neurons as assessed by the expression of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and, in the hippocampal formation, the expression of Fos-IR following pentylenetetrazol-induced seizure activity. A good correlation was observed between the number of proliferating cells expressing intense nuclear RB-IR staining and the number of thymidine-labeled cells that had differentiated into functional hippocampal neurons. A substantial decrease in RB-IR during differentiation was also observed and occurred prior to the expression of NSE. The possibility that the loss of RB may be necessary for neuronal differentiation to proceed is discussed.
No experience necessary? Foundationalism and the retreat from culture in environmental ethics

Many of the leading contributors to the field of environmental ethics demonstrate a preference for foundationalist approaches in their theoretical justifications of environmentalism. In this paper, I criticise this tendency as it figures in the work of Holmes Rolston III, J. Baird Callicott, and Eric Katz. I illustrate how these writers' desire for philosophical absolutes leads them to reject the moral resources present within human culture; amove that carries witfr it a number of troubling philosophical and political problems. I conclude that environmental theorists would be better served by taking a more contextual, social, and pragmatic approach to justifying their moral projects regarding nature, and that this mode of inquiry will ultimately lead toward a more philosophically sound and democratically authentic environmental ethics.
On design reasoning: lessons from teaching architectural technology

Abstract Reflection on recent courses in architectural technology give indications of a useful pedagogy linking design reasoning and building construction thinking. Building on the concept of thematic systems in architectural design, students were asked to generate variants on basic assembly situations in particular buildings. This was the basis for beginning to understand a systematic way of evaluating alternatives, as well as a way to take measure of the extent to which design intentions and considerations of architectural technology could be uncoupled.
Photoetching and modification of poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-hexafluoropropylene) polymer surfaces with vacuum UV radiation

G.A.T. is grateful for an RIT Faculty Development Grant that allowed presentation of this paper at the XIXth IUPAC Symposium on Photochemistry, Budapest, Hungary, 14–19 July 2002.
Molecular-dynamics calculations of the velocity-autocorrelation function. Methods, hard-disk results

The velocity-autocorrelation function ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{D}(t)$ for hard disks is computed for ten values of the reduced volume, ranging from 30 to 1.4 times the close-packed volume (${V}_{0}$) for systems of as few as 168 and as many as 5822 particles, by a Monte Carlo molecular-dynamics technique. For values of the time greater than roughly 20 mean-free times (${t}_{0}$), the results are compared with the predictions of a version of the mode-coupling theory for ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{D}(t)$, modified to take into account the finite size of the system. Except at the highest densities, the data agree with the modified theory when one uses Knskog values for the transport coefficients in evaluating the theoretical ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{D}(t)$, provided the comparison is limited to times beyond a value ${s}_{i}{t}_{0}$, with ${s}_{i}$ dependent on the density. The value of ${s}_{i}$ appears to increase from roughly 20 at the lowest densities to 40 at a volume of $2{V}_{0}$. At volumes of 1.6, 1.5, and $1.4{V}_{0}$, the theoretical ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{D}(t)$'s are too large out to times as large as $320{t}_{0}$, unless we use values of the transport coefficients rather larger than the Enskog values in evaluating the theoretical ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{D}(t)$. The velocity-autocorrelation-function results for $tl20{t}_{0}$ are presented as the difference relative to the Lorentz-Boltzmann-Enskog prediction, which has the exact slope at $t=0$.
A needed economic framework for flood plain management

ABSTRACT This paper sets forth a desired economic framework for flood plain management. After expressing serious concern that efficient flood hazard mitigation may not be desired as a goal of public policy, six major management issues are outlined. First is the task of reformulation of the problem of flood hazard mitigation from an emphasis on hazard reduction per se to one of an efficient use of flood-prone lands and development of socially acceptable levels of residual risk. Second, there is need to specify more clearly what is the economic rationale for public action (particularly in a national system) in flood hazard mitigation in relation to the role of markets and private choice. Third, analysis is needed to specify in theoretical and in operational terms the efficient level of mitigation. Fourth, the question of what constitutes a proper measure of loss is of Critical importance. Fifth, economic evaluation of existing institutions and policies in the flood hazard field is clearly needed. Finally, b...
Acute leukemias of childhood: pathologic features

Major advances have been made in the diagnosis and therapy of childhood leukemia over the last two decades (Zuelzer and Flatz, 1960; Miller, 1980; Steinhorn and Myers, 1981; Kobrinsky et al., 1980). Sophisticated phenotypic analysis of these leukemias has partially revealed their complexity; there are at least three to five distinct clinical pathological entities in the childhood leukemia groups. Improved therapy has resulted in marked increases in survival and cures. Less attention has been given to the pathology of childhood leukemia, although the frequency and complexity of tissue examinations have greatly increased. In particular, the pathologic manifestation of relapses, detection of focal leukemia after treatment and the pathology of complications have not been systematically reviewed. Our goal was to look at all of the pathologic manifestations of leukemia and to relate these manifestations to homogeneous patient populations grouped by their type of leukemia. Therefore all of the cytologic, hematologic, histopathologic, ultrastructural and immunologic materials on a consecutive group of leukemic children seen at Vanderbilt from 1970 to 1981 were reviewed; pathologic manifestations of leukemia were then analysed in relationship to diagnostic categories.
Optimal Flight Paths for Soaring Flight

The problem of optimizing sailplane flight paths to achieve maximum cross-country speeds with zero net altitude loss is considered. A variational formulation is chosen that includes three modes of cross-country soaring: thermalling, essing, and straight dolphining. Optimal solutions are obtained numerically for various atmospheric vertical velocity distributions using quadratic approximations to the polars of two sailplanes representing current high performance Standard and Open Class designs. Implications of the solutions are discussed; especially the optimality of any one mode when more than one mode is possible and the advance knowledge of the atmosphere required in order to choose an optimal speeds-to-fly policy. Particularly important is the result that the maximum cross-country speed through an element of the atmosphere capable of sustaining straight dolphin flight is attained with a speeds-to-fly policy identical to that of some equivalent interthermal flight.
Free radicals and septic shock in primates: The role of tumor necrosis factor

The role of free radicals in septic-shock-associated tissue injury and the mechanisms underlying the generation of free radicals in sepsis was investigated in a primate model using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy and spin-trapping techniques paired with physiological measurements. Baboons were administered the spin trap, 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) during infusions of live Escherichia coli (E. coli) with or without challenge with tumor necrosis factor (TNF). ESR spectra suggesting the trapping of carbon-centered and oxygen-centered radicals were detected in liver lipid extracts of E. coli infused animals which exhibited pathophysiological changes indicative of sepsis. In animals demonstrating a toxic response to E. coli. TNF challenge appeared to intensify the ESR signal observed. These data provide evidence of free radical production during sepsis and suggest a role for TNF in the production of these radicals.
The effects of time pressure on judgment in multiple cue probability learning

Abstract This experiment used multiple-cue probability learning to study the effects of time pressure on judgment. Undergraduate students were trained to use cues with linear or curvilinear function forms to predict a criterion. Subsequent to training, performance under time pressure was compared with selfregulated performance. Lens model analyses indicated that cognitive control deteriorated under time pressure while cognitive matching remained unchanged. This effect was limited to complex cue-criterion environments containing curvilinear function forms. The results suggest that the time pressured individual tends to be erratic even while implementing correct policy.
Which semantic web

Through scenarios in the popular press and technical papers in the research literature, the promise of the Semantic Web has raised a number of different expectations. These expectations can be traced to three different perspectives on the Semantic Web. The Semantic Web is portrayed as: (1) a universal library, to be readily accessed and used by humans in a variety of information use contexts; (2) the backdrop for the work of computational agents completing sophisticated activities on behalf of their human counterparts; and (3) a method for federating particular knowledge bases and databases to perform anticipated tasks for humans and their agents. Each of these perspectives has both theoretical and pragmatic entailments, and a wealth of past experiences to guide and temper our expectations. In this paper, we examine all three perspectives from rhetorical, theoretical, and pragmatic viewpoints with an eye toward possible outcomes as Semantic Web efforts move forward.
‘Why is Anglo-American Jurisprudence Unhistorical?’

Professor H. L. A. Hart began a lecture to an American audience this way: '[i]t is with some sense of audacity that I venture to address an American audience on the theme of American jurisprudence. You may well think that justice could not possibly be done to so huge a subject in the confines of a single lecture, and that if it is to be done at all, it is for an American and not for a visiting Englishman to do it. I confess I have no very convincing answer to this objection except to say that there are important aspects of even very large mountains which cannot be seen by those who live on them but can be caught easily by a single glance from afar.' I hope to offer such a single glance-a critical glance-from afar. Professor Hart went on. After offering the usual cautions about hasty generalization, he 'confess [ed]' nevertheless that he found himself 'strongly inclined to surrender to just this temptation and to characterize American jurisprudence ... by telling you in unqualified terms that it is marked by a concentration, almost to the point of obsession, on the judicial process . . .'.2 It is in Hart's polite but honest spirit that I also wish to discuss the various 'obsessions' that have marked the history of Anglo-American, really English, analytical jurisprudence from Bentham through Hart. How was analytical jurisprudence able to resist the three major modem challenges to a static and monolithic conception of meaning: First, the empirical challenge to the tendency of analytical jurisprudence to become an abstract 'heaven of legal concepts';3 second, the historicist challenge presented after
Assessment of Spectroscopic, Real-Time Ion Thruster Grid Erosion-Rate Measurements

The success of the ion thruster on the Deep Space One mission has opened the gate to the use of primary ion propulsion. Many of the projected planetary missions require throughput and specific impulse beyond those qualified to date. Spectroscopic, real-time ion thruster grid erosion-rate measurements are currently in development at the NASA Glenn Research Center. A preliminary investigation of the emission spectra from an NSTAR derivative thruster with titanium grid was conducted. Some titanium lines were observed in the discharge chamber; however, the signals were too weak to estimate the erosion of the screen grid. Nevertheless, this technique appears to be the only non-intrusive real-time means to evaluate screen grid erosion, and improvement of the collection optics is proposed. Direct examination of the erosion species using laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) was determined to be the best method for a real-time accelerator grid erosion diagnostic. An approach for a quantitative LIF diagnostic was presented.
TU‐C‐204B‐08: Robust Fluoroscopic Tracking of Multiple Implanted Fiducial Markers: Exploiting the Spatial Constraints

Purpose: We report and compare two new fluoroscopic fiducial trackers that exploit the spatial constraints among the multiple implanted fiducial markers to achieve fast, accurate and robust tracking. Method and Materials: The spatial constraints are modeled as Gaussian distributions of the pairwise distances between the markers. The means and standard deviations are learned from training data. Pairwise distances that deviate too much from the learned distributions would have a low spatial matching score. The first method (M1) is a variant of the particle filters. In M1, the importance of the sampled marker locations is a product of an image matching term (s_image) and the spatial matching terms (s_spatial). Patient specific motion models need is required for M1. The second method (M2) tracks the markers via nonserial dynamic programming without using motion models. In each frame of the fluoroscopic video, template matching is used to detect candidate marker locations. Optimal marker locations are determined through optimizing a score function which is the sum of s_image and s_spatial. We compare the performance of M1 and M2 with an existing tracking method (M3). 16 fluoroscopic videos with groundtruth from different sessions of 3 liver patients are used in this retrospective study. Results: M2 gave the smallest error (mu: 1–2 pixels, sigma: ∼1 pixel) and run at ∼5 frame per second (fps). M1 performed well (mu: 1–5 pixels, sigma: 1∼2 pixels) at ∼7.5 fps when patient breathed consistently, the accuracy dropped (mu: ∼8 pixels) when the patient breathes differently across sessions. Conclusion: Exploiting spatial constraints makes M1 and M2 robust and accurate. M2 enables tracking without motion models but tracks at a lower frame rate. M2 is promising for applications like tracking marker locations using intermittent imaging to reduce the imaging dose in IGRT.
Biochemical features of mumps virus neuraminidases and their relationship with pathogenicity.

Abstract The neuraminidases (NANases) of six strains of mumps virus were characterized biochemically. Though the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) glycoproteins were similar in apparent size and immunological properties, the NANase activities exhibited different behavior. Each NANase had a characteristic pH optimum and thermal stability. Kinetic analyses demonstrated unique Km catalytic constants, and Ki (Cl−) values for the different NANases. Three strains, Enders, RW, and O'Take, had active NANases (V′max = 179–680 nmol/min/mg virus protein) that hydrolyzed 37–50% of the total neuraminic acid (NANA) of fetuin; the other strains, Kilham, MJ, and Jeryl Lynn B, had less active NANases (V′max = 48–95 nmol/min/mg) capable of hydrolyzing only 10–27% NANA of fetuin. The virus hemagglutination activities (HA) and the elution rates for adsorbed virions were consistent with the NANase properties. Enders, RW, and O'Take strains agglutinated erythrocytes most efficiently at physiological NaCl concentration; HA activities for Kilham, MJ, and Jeryl Lynn B strains were not affected by NaCl concentration. Adsorbed Enders, RW, and O'Take virus eluted more rapidly from erythrocytes than did adsorbed Kilham, MJ, and Jeryl Lynn B strains. These properties, associated with the HN glycoprotein, are correlated with the cytopathogenicity of the strains. The O'Take and RW strains cause no cell fusion and little cytopathology; Kilham, MJ, and Jeryl Lynn B strains produce extensive cell fusion after infection of CV-1 cells. These results suggest that, in concert with the paramyxovirus fusion (F) glycoprotein, the viral NANase contributes to the cytopathology of an infection, an active NANase promoting rapid release of progeny virions, so that no cell fusion occurs, and the action of a less active NANase prolonging the association of progeny virus with the infected cell surface, increasing the likelihood of cell fusion.
Meniscal repair devices: a clinical and biomechanical literature review

Abstract Purpose The development of new approaches to arthroscopic meniscal repair has spurred the concomitant publication of studies reviewing their use and biomechanical properties. The purpose of this article is to review both the devices and the literature surrounding their clinical and biomechanical properties. Type of study Literature review. Methods Studies were initially gathered using a MEDLINE search, and additional information was found through cross references. We evaluate a series of studies comparing sutures, suture anchors, screws, staples, and a variety of other devices in terms of initial fixation strength, degradation profile, performance under cyclical loading, and clinical success. Results In the traditional suture studies, vertical sutures are clearly superior to both horizontal sutures and knot-end techniques in terms of initial fixation strength and performance under cyclical loading. Unfortunately, multidevice studies have been less consistent and less conclusive. the Linvatec Biostinger, Smith & Nephew T-fix, and Bionx Meniscus Arrow have separately been shown to have superior initial fixation strength on par with suture techniques. After cyclical loading, horizontal sutures, vertical sutures, 16-mm Arrows, 13-mm Arrows, and the Smith & Nephew T-fix generally show higher fixation strengths. Only the Bionx Arrow, Linvatec Biostinger, and Clearfix Screw have been shown to retain their initial fixation strengths through four months of hydrolysis time. Conclusions Data suggest that the biomechanical performance of some devices is nearly equivalent to current suture techniques. Ultimately, the combination of a simplified surgical technique, high clinical healing rates (75%–92%), and relatively minor complications makes these devices attractive for properly indicated meniscal tears.
Angiographic control of pelvic bleeding from treated carcinoma of the cervix.

Abstract Unremitting hemorrhage in two patients who had been treated by radiation for carcinoma of the cervix was managed by angiographic methods. In one patient, bleeding was shown to be from branches of the hypogastric artery and in the second, from branches of the inferior mesenteric artery. Selective embolization of the bleeding arterial branches with surgical gelatin (gelfoam) was followed by control of the acute hemorrhage in both patients.
Erratum to “Carbon–carbon bond formation via oxidative-addition processes of titanium(II) reagents with π-bonded organic substrates. Reactivity modifications by Lewis acids and Lewis bases. Part 22. Organic chemistry of subvalent transition metal complexes

Abstract A series of titanium(II) derivatives, TiE 2 , was prepared by alkylative reduction of TiE 4 by two equivalents of n -butyllithium in THF at −78 to 25°C (E=Cl, F, OBu n , OPr i and 0.5 NPh–CH 2 –CH 2 –NPh). The LiE by-product could usually be removed by THF evaporation and dissolution of the TiE 2 into toluene. All such TiE 2 derivatives were shown to effect the epimetallation and oligomerization of olefins, acetylenes and carbonyl derivatives in varying degrees. Particularly pertinent were the isolation and chemical reactions of titanium(II) isoproxide, the postulated intermediate in the Kulinkovich synthesis of cyclopropanols from ethyl Grignard reagents and organic esters, as well as an intermediate in many allied reactions developed by the Sato group. The findings of the present study corroborate completely the foregoing hypothesis that titanium(II) isopropoxide is the key intermediate in such novel reactions in organic synthesis. Furthermore, Ti(OPr i ) 2 can be prepared readily in a relatively pure state and has been found to react with 1-alkenes, alkynes and ketones by epimetallation at 25°C to form three-membered titanacycles, which can be utilized in organic synthesis. Finally, the ease with which such TiE 2 derivatives epimetallate unsaturated organic substrates has been shown to be decreased by the steric demands of E and by the coordination of Lewis bases or donor solvent to the titanium(II) center. Lewis acids, on the other hand, greatly increase the rate of epimetallation by TiE 2 . A dramatic illustration of this effect is in the action of TiCl 2 ·Me 2 AlCl on unsaturated hydrocarbons, wherein the polymerization of ethylene and of 1-alkene and the cyclotrimerization of alkynes are found to occur at room temperature.
A detailed analysis of localized J-difference GABA editing: theoretical and experimental study at 4 T.

The problem of low signal-to-noise ratio for γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in vivo is exacerbated by inefficient detection schemes and non-optimal experimental parameters. To analyze the mechanisms for GABA signal loss of a MEGA-PRESS J-difference sequence at 4 T, numerical simulations were performed ranging from ideal to realistic experimental implementation, including volume selection and experimental radio frequency (RF) pulse shapes with a macromolecular minimization scheme. The simulations were found to be in good agreement with phantom and in vivo data from human brain. The overall GABA signal intensity for the simulations with realistic conditions for the MEGA-PRESS difference spectrum was calculated to be almost half of the signal simulated under ideal conditions (∼43% signal loss). In contrast, creatine was reduced significantly less then GABA (∼19% signal loss). The ‘four-compartment’ distribution due to J-coupling in the PRESS-based localization was one of the most significant sources of GABA signal loss, in addition to imperfect RF profiles for volume selection and editing. An alternative strategy that reduces signal loss due to the four-compartment distribution is suggested. In summary, a detailed analysis of J-difference editing is provided with estimates of the relative amounts of GABA signal losses due to various mechanisms. The numerical simulations presented in this study should facilitate both implementation of the more efficient acquisition and quantification process of J-coupled systems. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Measuring strategic performance

This paper demonstrates the inadequacy of traditional measures, that are based on a firm's profitability, for evaluating its strategic performance. Two other measures, one that attempts to assess the quality of a firm's transformations (and not merely its outcomes) and the other that attempts to measure the satisfaction of all of the firm's stakeholders (and not merely its stockholders), are shown here to be important discriminators of strategic performance. The performances of seven ‘excellent’ firms from the computer industry, featured in the recent book by Peters and Waterman, are contrasted with that of seven ‘non-excellent’ firms from the same industry, to develop a framework for measuring strategic performance.
Change in Depression of Spousal Caregivers of Dementia Patients Following Patient's Death:

Caring for an elderly spouse with dementia places a heavy burden on spousal caregivers and often results in chronic depression. Little has been written about change in depression caregivers experience from before to after the death of the spouse with dementia. This longitudinal study examines change in depression of spousal caregivers that occurs following death of the dementia patient. Two theoretical models, the Relief and Stress Models, are discussed in terms of caregiver depression after the death of the dementia-patient care-recipient spouse. These two theoretical models were tested using longitudinal data from the National Institute on Aging sponsored Health and Retirement Study. Both male and female spousal caregivers report an increase in depression after the death of the dementia-patient care-recipient spouse. As time passed following the spouse's death, the conjugally bereaved husbands showed a decrease in depression while the conjugally bereaved wives continued to report increased depression.
A distribution free test for major gene differences in quantitative inheritance

Abstract In this paper a new statistical test is proposed for detecting major gene differences in quantitative inheritance. It is based on the Smirnov distribution free test and may be used to detect single gene differences between two inbred lines using data from parental, F1, F2 and backcross generations. An application of the test is demonstrated using data from previously published experiments on the genetic control of specific antibody production.
Coxsackievirus myocarditis--with special reference to acute and chronic effects.

Etude de la physiopathologie et de l'immunologie de l'infection chez la souris. Etude clinique des differentes varietes de myocardites virales et leurs relations eventuelles avec des cardiomyopathies chroniques, chez l'homme
Recent advances in linear and non-linear Raman spectroscopy. Part X

This review, published annually, provides an overview of advances in the field of Raman spectroscopy as found in papers published in the preceding calendar year in the Journal of Raman Spectroscopy (JRS), as well as in trends over the past decade across journals that have published papers important to the field of Raman spectroscopy. This information is obtained from statistical data on article counts obtained from Thomson Reuters ISI Web of Science Core Collection by year and by subfield of Raman spectroscopy. Additional information is gleaned from presentations at the XXV International Conference on Raman Spectroscopy (ICORS 2016) in Forteleza, Brazil in August 2016 and those featuring Raman scattering at SCIX 2016 organized by the Federation of Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy Societies (FACSS) in Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA in September 2016. Coverage is also provided for topics from the conference ECONOS 2016 held in April in Goteborg, Sweden and GeoRaman 2016 in June in Novosibirsk, Russia. Finally, papers published in JRS in 2015 are highlighted and arragned by topics at the frontier of Raman spectroscopy. From these various perspectives, it is clear that Raman spectroscopy continues to be a rapidly expanding field that provides sensitive photonic information of matter at the molecular level in an ever-widening arena of novel applications. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Representing hard lattices with O(n log n) bits

We present a variant of the Ajtai-Dwork public-key cryptosystem where the size of the public-key is only O(nlog n) bits and the encrypted text/clear text ratio is also O(nlog n). This is true with the assumption that all of the participants in the cryptosystem share O(n2log n) random bits which has to be picked only once and the users of the cryptosystem get them e.g. together with the software implementing the protocol. The public key is a random lattice with an nc-unique nonzero shortest vector, where the constant c>1‾2 can be picked arbitrarily close to 1‾2, and we pick the lattice according to a distribution described in the paper. We do not prove a worst-case average-case equivalence but the security of the system follows from the hardness of a randomized diophantine approximation problem related to a well-known theorem of Dirichlet.
Laser diagnostics for particle-laden flames

Abstract Selected developing laser techniques for potential applications to flames with particulate loading are briefly described.
Hypoxia Induces an Opsonic Mismatch on the Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Surface-Reversal via Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Mediated Adhesion

Abstract Hypoxia remains an important clinical problem and affects neutrophil oxygen-dependent microbicidal pathways. For adequate PMN-cidal activity to occur, two sets of opsonic receptors (FcR, CD16, CD32w; complement receptors, CD35, CD11b/CD18) must be expressed on the cell surface. We hypothesized that hypoxia would adversely affect receptor expression and that the biological surface that the PMN were adhered to would modulate the effect of hypoxia on these receptors. PMN were adhered in the presence of buffer, fibronectin, Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (RGDS), or laminin followed by assessment of PMN FcR and complement receptors using 125 I-labeled monoclonal antibodies directed against these receptors. Hypoxia reduced PMN CD16 and CD32w but not CD35 and CD11b/CD18 expression. Decreasing buffer pO 2 led to corresponding decreases in CD16 and CD32w expression. RGDS but not fibronectin or laminin restored CD16 and CD32w expression in the presence of hypoxia. Monensin but not cycloheximide inhibited RGDS restoration of CD16 and CD32w. (cpm bound: CD16, 958 ± 123 vs 1602 ± 193; CD32w, 1481 ± 173 vs 2215 ± 382 for hypoxia buffer + RGDS ± monensin.) These results demonstrate that: (1) acute hypoxia creates an opsonic mismatch by reducing CD16 and CD32w without affecting complement receptors CR1 and CR3 (CD35, CD11b/CD18); (2) matrix proteins modulate the effect of acute hypoxia on PMN FcR; (3) the RGDS-binding epitope of fibronectin significantly restores PMN FcR in the face of acute hypoxia; and (4) RGDS upregulates FcR expression during acute hypoxia by increasing receptor recycling to the cell surface.
Corporate capital expenditure decisions and the market value of the firm

Abstract This paper is an ‘event-time’ study of the common stock prices of a sample of 658 corporations around the dates on which they publicly announced their future capital expenditure plans. For industrial firms, announcements of increases (decreases) in planned capital expenditures are associated with significant positive (negative) excess stock returns. For public utility firm, neither increases nor decreases in planned capital expenditures are associated with significant excess stock returns. We interpret the evidence as being consistent with the hypothesis that managers seek to maximize the market value of the firm in making their corporate capital expenditure decisions.
Simulation of face recognition at a distance by scaling down images

Face recognition at a distance is one grand challenge for security surveillance. In this paper, the face images at different distances are simulated by varying image scales (resolutions). The performances of three face recognition algorithms (matchers) are tested with variant image scales (simulating different distances) and with two spectral images (modalities). The three selected matchers are face pattern byte, elastic bunch graph matching, and linear discriminant analysis; while the two modalities are visible and thermal images. The performance of a face recognition system can be measured by accuracy (AC) rate and false accept rate (FAR). To enhance the performance of face recognition especially at a distance, score fusion techniques are applied, which combine several scores from multiple matchers and multiple modalities. Our experiments are conducted with the ASUMS face dataset consisting of two spectral images (visible and thermal) from 135 subjects. The experimental results show that the face recognition with small image scales (simulating long distances) have low performance (e.g., AC=91.36%, FAR=8.64% for 20×20-pixel images); and score fusion can greatly improve accuracy (99.34%) meanwhile reduce FAR (0.31%).
NMR Logging Tool Development: Laboratory Studies of Tight Gas Sands and Artificial Porous Material

We report proton longitudinal relaxation (T/sub 1/) measurements on water-saturated samples of Western Tight Gas Sand Core and artifical porous materials. The artificial samples, with well-characterized and nearly uniform pore structure, serves as a calibration standard for preliminary efforts at inverting the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance relaxation data on the Gas Sand core samples to obtain a distribution of pore surface-to-volume ratios. The distributions obtained, show good to excellent agreement with those obtained by mercury porosimetry on the same samples. Various possible effects are discussed, which could account for the discrepancies observed.
Teratogenic and other effects produced in mice by norethynodrel and its 3-hydroxymetabolites†

Teratogenic and other effects produced in mice by norethynodrel and its 3-hydroxymetabolites are presented. Cranial retardation was the adv erse effect which occurred in high frequency in the offspring of CF1 mice that were treated with norethynodrel (17 alpha-ethynyl-estr-5(10)-en-3-on-17beta-ol) or its metabolites (17 alpha-ethynyl-estr-5(10)-ene-3 alpha 17beta diol and the corresponding 3 beta 17beta-diol) on Days 8-10 of gestation. 3 beta 17beta-diol was the most active agent. Incomplete development of the parietal bones was seen in 64.1% of fetuses examined from mothers treated with .6 mg/kg of 3 beta 17beta-diol. Exencephaly was seen in 5% of the fetuses in this treatment group. When the diols were administered on gestation Days 11-13 an anomaly resembling cryptorchidism occurred. The mechanism by which 3beta 17beta-diol produced the adverse effects is unknown.
BuMP-ing up Insulin Secretion by Pancreatic β Cells

While several transcription factors are known to increase insulin production and secretion, their therapeutic potential for treatment of type 2 diabetes remains unrealized. In this issue, Goulley et al. (2007) show that BMP signaling specifically regulates genes involved in insulin production and secretion and demonstrate that exogenous BMP4 administration augments glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in vivo.
Overreaction to Stock Market News and Misevaluation of Stock Prices by Unsophisticated Investors: Evidence from the Option Market

This paper examines option activity on value and growth stocks before earnings announcements. The main finding is that unsophisticated investors enter option positions that load up on growth stocks relative to value stocks in the days leading up to earnings announcements. This occurs despite the fact that at earnings announcements value stocks outperform growth stocks by a wide margin. The paper's results provide evidence that unsophisticated option market investors (1) overreact to past news on underlying stocks and (2) mistakenly believe that mispriced stocks will move even further away from fundamentals at impending scheduled news releases.