cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Ancient Jews from Alexander to Muhammad: Beginnings to 200 bce

HISTORY BEFORE THE JEWS: ISRAELITES AND GREEKS IN THE IRON AGE MEDITERRANEAN The tendency to regard the Jews as a uniquely odd presence in the Mediterranean basin in antiquity provides an excellent reason to begin our account with a brief discussion of the ways in which the prehistory and early history of the Jews were absolutely typical for the physical and political geography of the central and eastern Mediterranean coast. There is, in fact, an unexpectedly large number of points of similarity between pre-Hellenistic Greek and Israelite/Jewish history: stories of invasion, migration and colonization set at the transition between the Bronze and Iron Ages ( c . thirteenth century bce ), a long and obscure archaic period in which subsequently central ideas and institutions took shape, periods of crisis in the sixth century and the powerful ideologies of highly particularistic but internally egalitarian citizen communities that emerged in the aftermath, and finally subjection to a single, though fissiparous, Greco-Macedonian empire (exploration of some parallels in J. P. Brown 1995–2001). These parallels may or may not be the result of the diffusion of ideas and stories through contact; they are certainly the result of shared geographical proximity to regional and transregional political processes; to some extent they are also the result of a similar ecology. To be sure, it was highly consequential that Greeks gravitated to the coasts and Israelites to the hills. The modern idea that until sometime in the Hellenistic period the ancient Jews were somewhat isolated is not just due to reading later theological concerns back into antiquity. Ancient Jewish texts themselves mention it occasionally and ascribe it to the fact that Israelites/Jews did not live on the seacoast, which was the land of the Canaanites (= Phoenicians) and the Philistines, and later on the latter’s cousins, the Greeks (Numbers 23.9; Josephus, Ag.Ap . 1.60). The hill country felt isolated, but the point should not be exaggerated. The line of ridges which constituted the heart of the biblical kingdoms of Israel and Judah was nowhere more than about 45 miles from the coast, an easy enough three-day walk even uphill, and the hills themselves, though challenging for large armies to penetrate and control, were in most places not very forbidding.
Media and Social Movements

From the standpoint of social movement organizations, the mass media are a site or arena in which a contest over meaning takes place. They compete with other actors in this contest—public officials, political parties, corporations, established interest groups, and journalists themselves. Mass media norms and practices can sometimes facilitate movement success in this contest but on balance tend to present a series of obstacles that put them at a relative disadvantage. This media opportunity structure is one subpart of the larger political opportunity structure in which movements must operate in attempting to shape an effective symbolic strategy. A movement strategy can be judged successful if it solves two problems: gaining media standing and increasing the relative prominence of its preferred frame in mass media discourse.
P-selectin activates leukocyte integrin alphaMbeta2 by recruiting phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase to p-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 cytoplasmic domain through adaptor protein Naf1.

Abstract The interaction of endothelial P-selectin (CD62P) with neutrophil PSGL-1 (P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1, CD162) mediates neutrophil rolling, which acts in concert with cytokines and chemoattractants for integrin-mediated firm adhesion of neutrophils to vascular endothelial cells. Numerous studies have established that this sequence of events is critical to the extravasation of neutrophils during an inflammatory response. We have recently shown that cross-linking of PSGL-1 with P-selectin acts cooperatively with extracellular stimuli, such as cytokines and chemoattractants released from and displayed on the activated endothelial lining of the vessel walls, for optimal activation of beta2-integrins, an increase in their apparent affinity/avidity for cognate ligands, which in turn supports firm adhesion and transendothelial migration. To identify cellular proteins which interact with human PSGL-1 and trigger this cascade of events, we used the cytoplasmic domain of human PSGL-1 as the bait for screening of human leukocyte yeast two-hybrid library. During this genetic screening, we identified Naf-1 (Nef-associated factor 1; also called ABIN, A20 binding inhibitor of NF-kB, or VAN, virion-associated nuclear shuttle protein) as a binding partner to the cytoplasmic domain of PSGL-1. The specific interaction of Naf1 with PSGL-1 was confirmed by GST-fusion protein pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation experiments. As YPPM at 552–555 of Naf1a amino acid sequence is a known binding motif for p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K; YXXM in which phosphorylated Y is required for p85 binding), we performed co-immunoprecipitation experiments to show that Naf1a actually acted as an adaptor protein for PSGL-1 and p85 subunit of PI3K. In addition, we found that P-selectin activated the enzyme activity of PI3K in human neutrophils and PI3K specific inhibitors, wortmannin and LY294002, inhibited alphaMbeta2 activation and clustering induced by P-selectin. Our data thus delineate a novel PSGL-1 signal transduction pathway essential for transactivation of beta2-integrins.
Highlights from the Telescope Array

The Telescope Array measures the properties of ultra high energy cosmic ray induced extensive air showers. We do this using a variety of techniques including an array of scintillator detectors to sample the footprint of the air shower when it reaches the Earth’s surface and telescopes to measure the fluorescence and Cerenkov light of the air shower. From this we determine the energy spectrum and chemical composition of the primary particles. We also search for sources of cosmic rays and anisotropy. We have found evidence of a possible source of ultra high energy cosmic rays in the northern sky. The experiment and its most recent measurements will be discussed.
Real-time remote cancellation of multi-tones in an extended acoustic cavity using directional ultrasonic loudspeaker

This paper presents an adaptive active noise control (ANC) method to remotely cancel multi-tone noise signals in a room using ultrasonic ‘AudioSpotLight’ (ASL) as the noise canceling loudspeaker. The ASL is a directional parametric array loudspeaker whose 60 kHz carrier frequency is modulated by the anti-noise signal generated by adaptive ANC algorithm. The proposed method uses no secondary path estimate and is capable of canceling the tonal noise signals at distant target points, in real time. Using adaptive Leaky-NLMS algorithm, noise attenuation levels (NAL) of up to 15.71 dB are obtained in the presence of diffused low frequency background noise. Performance analysis of the proposed system is presented and the results of a simple real-time implementation are also provided to support the proposed ANC method.
Stock Options and Internal Capital Allocation Decisions

This paper examines how executive stock options affect firmsΓCO internal capital allocation decisions.┬a I find evidence at both the segment level and the firm level that conglomerate CEOs respond to option incentives by tilting toward high-risk segments when allocating capital expenditures across segments, which is consistent with the risk-seeking incentives associated with the convex payoff structure of options.┬a The results also suggest that corporate governance, as reflected in an index of anti-takeover amendments, has a substantial impact on firmsΓCO investment choices.┬a
1971 Behavioral Genetics

Behavioral phenotypes are often correlated with specific genotypes. Modifications of genes can affect behavior and the study of mutations has given great insight into how the expression of behavior is regulated. Artificial selection, the process that leads to domestication, is also a powerful tool in behavioral genetics. Molecular genetics has added many techniques for exploring how behavioral phenotype reflects an animal’s underlying genetics.
Neural correlates of language variability in preschool‐aged boys with autism spectrum disorder

Children with autism vary widely in their language abilities, yet the neural correlates of this language variability remain unclear, especially early in development. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to examine diffusivity measures along the length of 18 major fiber tracts in 104 preschool-aged boys with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The boys were assigned to subgroups according to their level of language development (Low: no/low language, Middle: small vocabulary, High: large vocabulary and grammar), based on their raw scores on the expressive language (EL) and receptive language (RL) sections of the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL). Results indicate that the subgroups differed in fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and radial diffusivity (RD) along the inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) in both hemispheres. Moreover, FA correlated significantly with Mullen EL and RL raw scores, but not ADOS severity score, along the left and right ILF. Subgroups also differed in MD (but not FA) along the left superior longitudinal fasiculus and left corticospinal tract, but these differences were not correlated with language scores. These findings suggest that white matter microstructure in the left and right ILF varies in relation to lexical development in young males with ASD. The findings also support the use of raw scores on language-relevant standardized tests for assessing early language-brain relationships. Autism Res 2017. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Autism Res 2017, 10: 1107-1119. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Thermodynamics of dissolution of ferrocene in commercial mixed solvents containing water and 2-propanol

Abstract The solubility of ferrocene in commercial mixed solvents containing 50, 70, and 91% 2-propanol and water has been determined as a function of temperature. From the solubility data, the values of ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG for the dissolution process have been determined. For 50% 2-propanol, the values obtained for ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG are 31.54 ± 1.58 kJ mol−1, 62.78 ± 3.14 J mol−1 K−1, and 12.82 ± 0.64 kJ mol−1, respectively. When the solvent is 70% 2-propanol, the values are (in the same order) 23.29 ± 1.16 kJ mol−1, 46.58 ± 2.33 J mol−1 K−1, and 9.40 ± 0.47 kJ mol−1, and for 91% alcohol they are 22.70 ± 1.34 kJ mol−1, 53.39 ± 2.67 J mol−1 K−1, and 6.78 ± 0.34 kJ mol−1. Although values for ΔH for dissolution of ferrocene in 70 and 91% 2-propanol are of similar magnitudes, the values for ΔG are quite different and show the greater solubility in 91% 2-propanol. The thermodynamic quantities for dissolution in 50% 2-propanol show the lower solubility in that solvent and the hydrophobic nature of ferrocene.
Ultrasonic velocity and attenuation in kcl and KBr containing Li

Abstract The temperature and stress dependence of the ultrasonic velocity and attenuation in KCl and KBr containing Li + was measured by the pulse-echo technique in the frequency range 10–150 Mc/sec, and in the temperature range 1.6°–77°K. Only the T 2 g mode interacts with the Li + in KCl indicating that the Li + is displaced from the lattice site in the 〈111〉 directions. In KBr the Li + appears to be on the lattice site since no acoustic interaction was observed. The experimental results agree well with the classical elastic dipole theory. The ‘shape factor’ (λ A −λ B ) of the elastic dipole ellipsoid is (6.6±0.6) × 10 −2 as compared with 6.3 × 10 −2 calculated on the basis of the lattice distortion derived by Hatcher et al . Annealing and aging experiments indicate that Li + precipitates even at low concentrations and at room temperature. With increasing concentration N interactions between the defects are observed, but there is no evidence that this is a cooperative phenomenon. The elastic losses are proportional to 1/ T and N ; a good theoretical model is still missing.
Using the Socio-Ecological Model to Frame Agricultural Safety and Health Interventions

The Socio-Ecological Model (SEM) is a conceptual framework depicting spheres of influence over human behavior that has been applied in public health settings for nearly five decades. Core principles of all variations of the SEM are the multiple influences over an individual's behaviors, the interactions of those influences, and the multilevel approaches that can be applied to interventions intended to modify behaviors. A project team modified the standard SEM to address interventions for protecting children from agricultural disease and injury. The modified SEM placed the "child in the farm environment" at the core with five interrelated levels (spheres) of influence over the child. This framework provides guidance on how a multifaceted, multilevel intervention can maximize the potential for impact on behaviors and decisions made by parents/adults responsible for the safety of children on farms. An example of how this model could work to safeguard youth operating tractors is provided.
On The Gasification Mechanisms of Multicomponent Droplets

Abstract Advances in the understanding of the fundamental droplet gasification mechanisms since formulation of the classical d 2 -law are reviewed, with emphasis on multicomponent fuels. We first discuss the inherently transient processes of droplet heating and fuel vapor accumulation, which complete the d 2 - lawdescription of single-component droplet gasification. We then review the controlling role of liquid-phase mass diffusion on the gasification and microexplosion of multicomponent droplets, and the gasification mechanisms of five special classes of multicomponent fuels, namely (1) azeotropic mixtures which exhibit volatility reversal with changing liquid composition, (2) chlorinated hydrocarbons which can be successfully incinerated as hazardous chemical wastes through rational blending, (3) the light alcohols of methanol and ethanol for which condensation of either ambient or flame-generated water vapor onto the droplet surface can significantly modify the droplet composition and gasification rate, (4) organic diazides whose overall gasification rates are significantly faster than the conventional jet fuels because of liquid-phase reactions, and (5) slurried fuels whose gasification is accompanied by the formation of shells of agglomerated particles. Potential research problems are suggested.
Euler, Ulf von

Swedish physiologist and pharmacologist Ulf Svante von Euler (1905–83) discovered substance P, prostaglandin, and noradrenalin (norepinephrine), and made the fundamental discovery that noradrenaline was produced and stored in intracellular vesicles at nerve terminals. von Euler shared the 1970 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with American pharmacologist and neuroscientist Julius Axelrod and German-Australian biophysicist Sir Bernard Katz “for their discoveries concerning (neurotransmitters) and the mechanism for their storage, release, and inactivation.”
Predicting gene structure changes resulting from genetic variants via exon definition features.

Motivation: Genetic variation that disrupts gene function by altering gene splicing between individuals can substantially influence traits and disease. In those cases, accurately predicting the effects of genetic variation on splicing can be highly valuable for investigating the mechanisms underlying those traits and diseases. While methods have been developed to generate high quality computational predictions of gene structures in reference genomes, the same methods perform poorly when used to predict the potentially deleterious effects of genetic changes that alter gene splicing between individuals. Underlying that discrepancy in predictive ability are the common assumptions by reference gene finding algorithms that genes are conserved, well-formed, and produce functional proteins. Results: We describe a probabilistic approach for predicting recent changes to gene structure that may or may not conserve function. The model is applicable to both coding and noncoding genes, and can be trained on existing gene annotations without requiring curated examples of aberrant splicing. We apply this model to the problem of predicting altered splicing patterns in the genomes of individual humans, and we demonstrate that performing gene-structure prediction without relying on conserved coding features is feasible. The model predicts an unexpected abundance of variants that create de novo splice sites, an observation supported by both simulations and empirical data from RNA-seq experiments. While these de novo splice variants are commonly misinterpreted by other tools as coding or noncoding variants of little or no effect, we find that in some cases they can have large effects on splicing activity and protein products, and we propose that they may commonly act as cryptic factors in disease. Availability: The software is available from geneprediction.org/SGRF. Contact: bmajoros@duke.edu. Supplementary information: Supplementary information is available at Bioinformatics online.
Some Recent Developments in Organic Scintillators

A general review of the basic concepts of the scintillation process in organic systems will be presented. Special emphasis will be given to liquid scintilators. Discussion will include energy transfer, lifetime, quenching, and excimer properties of organic scintillator systems.
Edges and Boundaries: Finding Community and Innovation as an Early Childhood Educator.

This study describes how a group of early childhood educators from a diverse range of classroom cultures and pedagogies came together to form a network of support and collaboration, what Gorodetsky and Barak (Teach Teach Educ 24(7):1907–1918, 2008) define as an ‘edge community of practice.’ This year-long study involved a group of nine educators, who met for monthly workshops to discuss their teaching pedagogies, struggles, and successes. This article explains how this group of educators engaged in thoughtful deliberations about common educational concepts, such as ‘assessment’ and ‘classrooms’, and from these discussions, emerged from the experience with new and innovative perspectives on teaching young children. These educators, while quite different in their pedagogical approaches, critically examined their own practices, formed supportive relationships, and emerged with new and innovative understandings of early childhood education.
Rigid Geometric Structures and Representations of Fundamental Groups

Let G be a simple Lie group, ℝ-rank(G) ≥ 2, and F < G a lattice. Assume that Γ acts analytically and ergodically on a compact manifold M preserving a volume and an analytic rigid geometric structure. In [6], we establish that either the Γ-action is isometric and π1(M) is finite or π1(M) admits a “large image” linear representation. We discuss the proof of this result. We also present related results which use similar techniques to show that under slightly stronger hypotheses the Γ-action is a 0-entropy extension of a standard arithmetic example. We give one new result in which this extension can be shown to be continuous rather than measurable.
Diurnal Timing of Bird Surveys

Etude conduite sur les methodes de denombrement des oiseaux terrestres et sur le moment de la journee auquel ces observations doivent commencer. Application a Geothlypis trichas et Troglodytes aedon du centre de l'Ohio
Chest Tube Management After Lung Resection

Given the ongoing effort to reduce duration of hospitalization, chest tube management has become a critical area of study for thoracic surgeons. The limiting factor in discharge of thoracic surgery patients after major lung resection is typically the timing of chest tube removal. Some surgeons currently often discharge patients with chest tubes in place, but this practice is difficult to apply routinely in most settings because of lack of patient or family acceptance, a shortage of professional resources to help patients manage their tubes at home, and unavailability of drainage systems suitable for use in an outpatient setting. A strategy that reduces how long chest tubes need to stay in place could have a substantial effect on length of hospital stay and avoid the obstacles encountered when discharge with chest tubes in place is contemplated.
Japanese and Korean High Schools and Students in Comparative Perspective

Using data from the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2003, this study examines problem-solving skills among 15-year-old Japanese and Korean students in comparative perspective. Problem-solving skills represent student’s capacity of solving real-situation problems, which is not acquired simply by rote learning, memorization, and repetition of school subjects. Comparing problem-solving skills across countries demonstrates that the extraordinary academic performance, which has been widely known to Western audience, of Japanese and Korean students is not simply the result of practice drill, rote learning, or memorization. The analysis also shows that top performers in Japan and Korea exceed top performers in other countries, debunking the stereotyped criticism on Japanese and Korean education that their standardized education makes talented students mediocre. This study, furthermore, challenges the existing literature’s insensitivity of differences between Japanese and Korean education, by highlighting that Japanese and Korean high school systems significantly differ in the ways in which students are selected into high schools. Discussed are differences between the two countries in the extent to which between-school differences account for students’ performance.
GENERAL THEORY OF ELASTIC WAVE SCATTERING

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the basic elements of elastodynamic wave scattering theory. It is based on two foundations continuum mechanics of elastic media and the general principles of scattering theory. There is a wide body of literature on elastodynamic wave scattering. A comprehensive overview of scattering of acoustic, electromagnetic, and elastic waves are presented in a unified way. The propagation of elastic waves forms the foundation of seismology. An outline is given on the principles of elasticity that are relevant for elastic wave scattering. In elasticity theory, the Green's function gives the displacement generated by a point force in a certain direction. Since both the point force and the displacement are vectors with three components, the Green's function is a 3 x 3 tensor. To describe scattering, it is necessary to define a reference medium in which an unperturbed wave propagates and a perturbation of the medium that acts as a secondary source generates scattered waves. For this reason, the elasticity tensor c is divided into a reference tensor c(0) and a perturbation c(1).
Political Functions and Limitations of Contemporary State Constitutions in the United States

State constitutions in the United States serve various important political functions that may be relevant and helpful to constitutional designers in other political systems. This paper explores two striking features of contemporary state constitutionalism with an eye towards their value for those considering a written Quebec constitution. First, state constitutionalism is characterized by frequent formal amendment through popular political processes. This has resulted in a form of constitutionalism that often prioritizes swift democratic responsiveness over entrenched prior commitments. Because recent empirical scholarship suggests that this is a broader phenomenon often occurring in federal countries with written subnational constitutions, Quebec reformers should be mindful of how formal amendment under a written constitution can energize popular constitutional politics. Second, state constitutions have not been particularly effective in protecting state political identities or community. In fact, because of frequent amendment and the strong pull of national political parties, the dominant trend in state constitutionalism is convergence on national issues and identities. This should raise questions for Quebecois nationalists regarding the real, long-term value of a written provincial constitution.
Safety of one-stage conversion surgery after failed gastric band: our experience and review of the literature.

The laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (AGB) has fallen out of favor due to poor long-term weight loss and frequent complications. Many patients stand to benefit from elective conversion of AGB to more durable procedures such as sleeve gastrectomy (SG) or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Whether it is safer to perform this conversion in one or two stages, however, remains controversial. We performed an IRB-approved review of prospectively collected data from all one-stage band conversions performed at our institution from January 2012 to December 2017. Patients were separated into two groups: those who underwent conversion to either a RYGB or SG. Demographics, indications, and outcomes of each group were compared using Fisher’s exact test, Mann–Whitney rank sums, and chi-squared tests. Outcomes were recorded within a 1-year follow-up period and compared to published outcomes for one-stage band conversions. Thirty-eight patients were included for analysis. Average age and BMI were was 50.8 years and 41.1 kg/m2, respectively. The average operative time (164 min, 105–258 min) and length of stay (2.2 days, 1–5 days) did not differ between indication and procedure performed. Overall, early ( 30 day) major complication rates were 7.9% and 5.3%, respectively. There were no leaks and no deaths. Within a 1-year postoperative period, seven re-interventions were performed. Elective one-stage band conversion to RYGB or SG can be performed safely.
CASES OF PULMONARY ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS DISCOVERED DURING PATENT FORAMEN OVALE CLOSURE

A patent foramen ovale (PFO) is present in 25-34% of adults and may allow paradoxical embolization of venous thrombi leading to cerebral vascular accidents (CVA). In 2017, three trials of percutaneous closure of PFO in younger patients with cryptogenic strokes demonstrated a reduction in recurrent
The Surprising Labor Market Success of Part-Time Community College Students

ABSTRACTConsiderable research has focused on the academic outcomes of part-time undergraduates, but few studies have addressed their post-college labor market outcomes. This study compares the post...
Institutional Analysis, Polycentricity, and Federalism in the Bloomington School: Social Order Through Evolution or Design?

The particular focus of this chapter will be to analyze institutional change from an Ostromian perspective by analyzing the relationship between self-governance, polycentricity, and federalism. Throughout work of Elinor and Vincent Ostrom, there exist two consistent themes regarding the importance of federalism for polycentric governance. First, the Ostroms emphasized that the institutional conditions of federalism are a human artifact, based upon choice and deliberation. However, given their emphasis on processes of learning among human beings, this second theme suggests, as I argue in this chapter, a bi-directionality in institutional analysis in the Ostromian framework. Though federalism and polycentric governance are based on deliberate choice, such an institutional framework facilitates learning and the adaptive potential of human beings, leading to innovative institutional changes to reinforce social cooperation between individuals.
Can intestinal microbiota and circulating microbial products contribute to pulmonary arterial hypertension

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a fatal disease with a median survival of only 5–7 yr. PAH is characterized by remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature causing reduced pulmonary arterial co...
Elevated Levels of Cytokines and Chemokines in Patients with Antiphospholipid (aPL) Antibodies.

Abstract 5062 Purpose Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) are two closely related diseases. APL antibodies are present in 30-40% of SLE patients. Studies have indicated that certain cytokines, chemokines, tissue factor (TF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), soluble (s) E-selectin (sE-sel), tumor necrosis (TNF)-a, may be associated with APS and/or SLE. However, whether those biomarkers are elevated in plasma of APS patients with or without SLE is uncertain. Here we examined whether the levels of cytokines/chemokines in aPL antibody-positive patients positive are different from controls. Methods Twenty-two sera/plasma of patients with significantly and persistently elevated levels aPL antibodies (IgG and/or IgM aCL, and/or IgG and/or IgM anti-β2glycoprotein I (β2GPI) and/or positive lupus anticoagulant (LAC), demographic and clinical data were obtained from an on-going pilot clinical study (clinical trials.gov#NCT00674297). Patients that were on more than 10 mg prednisone/day, or on other immunosuppressive therapy, or on hydroxychloroquine or on statins were excluded. Thirty-two healthy donors with no evidence of autoimmune, infectious or inflammatory diseases were used as controls. .Levels of IL1b, IL6, IL8, TNF-a, VEGF, IP-10, sCD40L were measured in serum using a Millipore Millliplex” Multiplex Assay; titers of sE-sel, and sTF were detected by ELISA. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare levels of biomarkers in aPL positive subjects vs. controls and Spearman tests to correlate levels of the biomarkers in the different subgroups of patients. Results Significant number of aPL-positive samples had elevated levels of IL1b, IL6, TNF-a, VEGF, IP-10, sCD40L, sTF, sCD40L and sE-sel and their titers were significantly different when compared to controls. APS /SLE patients (n=8) showed significantly higher levels of TNF-a compared to APS without SLE (n=6), to “asymptomatic” aPL positive (n=4), to “asymptomatic” aPL positive with SLE (n=2) or with “catastrophic” APS (n=2) patients (p=0.00630). Conclusions This study underscores the importance of identifying biomarkers of disease that may help to better understand pathogenic mechanisms, predict disease activity and possibly to better address treatment of patients with aPL antibodies. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Assessment of Racial Differences in Rates of Autopsy in the US, 2008-2017

This cohort study assesses the racial differences in rates of autopsy in groups of decedents older than 18 years from 2008 to 2017 in the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database.
An Empirical Study on Diabetes Mellitus Prediction Using Apriori Algorithm

Diabetes Mellitus introduce various diseases that affect the way of using sugar in human body. Sugar plays a vital role as it is the main source of energy for cells that build up muscles and tissues. So, any issue that causes the problem to maintain normal blood sugar in our blood can create serious problems. Diabetes is one of the diseases which results in abnormal sugar level in the blood and can occur due to several problems like bad diet, obesity, hypertension, increasing age, depression, etc. Diabetes can lead to cardiovascular disease, kidney, brain, foot, skin, nerve, hearing impairment and eye damage. From this thinking, in this study, we have tried to build up some rules using Association Rule Mining technique with various diabetes symptoms and factors to predict diabetes efficiently. We have got 8 rules using Apriori Algorithm.
Discontinuous MIM film chip arrays as MM wave and infrared detector-mixer diodes

Marked improvement is reported on the responsitivity and power handling capability of discontinuous MIM film diodes when deposited as IC chip arrays with microwave and infrared waveguide packaging and tuning.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Brachytherapy During the Pandemic: A Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Barnabas Health Multisite Experience.

Purpose: /Objectives: To evaluate whether the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in treatment delays in patients scheduled for or undergoing brachytherapy. Materials/Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted across four affiliated sites following local Institutional Review Board approval. Eligibility criteria were defined as all patients with cancer whose treatment plan included brachytherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic from 2/24/2020 to 6/30/2020. Treatment delays, cancellations, alterations of fractionation regimens and treatment paradigm changes were evaluated. Results: A total of 47 patients were eligible for analysis. The median age at time of treatment was 62 (Inter Quartile Range 56-70). Endometrial, cervical and prostate cancers were the most common sites included in this analysis. Three patients (6.4%) with cervical cancer were diagnosed with COVID-19 during the course of their treatment. Interruptions of EBRT, cancellations of EBRT, cancellations of brachytherapy and treatment delays due to COVID occurred in 5 (10.6%), 3 (6.4%), 8 (17%) and 9 (19%) patients, respectively. The mean and median number of days delayed for patients who experienced treatment interruptions were 16.3 days (Std dev=13.9) and 14 days (IQR=5.75-23.75), respectively. For cervical cancer patients, the mean and median overall treatment time defined as time from start of EBRT to end of brachytherapy were 56 and 49 days, respectively. Conclusions: Despite the challenges the healthcare system faced during the pandemic, it is reassuring to report that most patients with cancer were safely treated with minor treatment delays and interruptions. Long-term follow-up is needed to assess the impact of COVID-19 and treatment interruptions on oncological outcomes.
Integration of Thermoplastic Splinting for Palatal Stabilization and Hemorrhage Control in Trauma and Oncology

Traumatic injury and pathological palatal defects can present a challenge in both acute care and clinical settings. Due to the vascularity of the maxillary region, thin mucosa, and difficulty of is...
A Narrative Review for Cardiac Anesthesiologists of the 2019 Expert Consensus on Operator and Institutional Recommendations for Transcatheter Mitral Valve Intervention

US Food and Drug Administration approval of the edge-to-edge clip repair device (MitraClip; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL) in 2013 led to wide adoption of the device for treatment of severe primary mitral regurgitation in patients unsuitable for surgery. Demonstration of favorable outcomes in the setting of secondary mitral regurgitation by the Cardiovascular Outcomes Assessment of the MitraClip Percutaneous Therapy for Heart Failure Patients with Functional Mitral Regurgitation (COAPT) trial in 2019 provided an additional impetus to the transcatheter mitral interventional program. The role of the cardiac anesthesia service also is expanding to echocardiography services for these patients outside of the procedure room. Moreover, cardiac anesthesiologists serve on the multidisciplinary team that is involved in clinical decision-making pertaining to patient selection, optimization, and intervention. This document has direct implications for the cardiac anesthesiologist involved in the care of these patients because a broader understanding of pertinent issues is essential to function as an effective clinical member within the multidisciplinary team. As such, this narrative review serves to highlight the salient features of the "2019 AATS/ACC/SCAI/STS Expert Consensus Systems of Care Document: Operator and Institutional Recommendations and Requirements for Transcatheter Mitral Valve Intervention: A Joint Report of the American Association for Thoracic Surgery, the American College of Cardiology, the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons," focuses on issues pertinent to the cardiac anesthesiologist, and provides an outline for the clinical context and evolution of transcatheter mitral valve interventions.
Injection of prophylactic lorazepam versus antiseizure drugs on the localization value of ictal SPECT studies and treatment-emergent adverse events: A single-center prospective study.

Abstract Objective We aimed to examine the impact of resumption of home antiseizure drugs alone (ASD −) compared with adjunct administration of scheduled intravenous (IV) lorazepam 2 mg every 6 h (ASD +) following ictal single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) injection on the localization value of SPECT studies and treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). Methods We conducted a prospective study at Mayo Clinic inpatient epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) between January 2018 and May 2020 in Jacksonville, Florida. The ASD − and ASD + groups were compared for concordance of SPECT studies with the epilepsy surgical conference (ESC) consensus or intracranial electroencephalography (icEEG) findings as reference. Treatment-emergent adverse events, obtained from surveys at 24 h and one week postictal SPECT injection, were also compared between both groups. Results Twenty-two consecutive patients with temporal (eight patients, 36%) and extratemporal (14 patients, 64%) epilepsy were included: 12 ASD + and 10 ASD −. The two groups were well matched with regard to clinical and ictal SPECT injection characteristics including the occurrence of seizure between ictal and interictal SPECT injections. The localization value of SPECT studies was similar in the two groups. Patients in the ASD + group reported higher rates of dizziness and excessive sedation at 24 h (p-value = 0.008). Fourteen patients (64%) underwent icEEG monitoring. For the entire cohort, the localization concordance of SPECT analysis by statistical parametric mapping (SPM) was superior to raw ictal SPECT (p-value = 0.003) and subtraction ictal SPECT coregistered to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (SISCOM; p-value = 0.021). Eventually, seven patients (31.8%) underwent resective brain surgery of whom four (57.1%) became seizure-free (median follow-up = 22 months). Conclusions Our findings suggest that resuming home ASDs without the addition of scheduled IV lorazepam following inpatient ictal SPECT injection is equally efficacious for seizure onset zone (SOZ) localization on SPECT studies, especially SPM. This approach is also associated with fewer transient TEAEs and lower financial cost with no difference in preventing seizure between ictal and interictal SPECT injections.
The Distinctiveness of Religion as a Jeffersonian Compromise

The idea that religion merits special treatment under the Religion Clauses of the First Amendment has significant intuitive, textual, and historical clout. However, when we try and find or develop a coherent and plausible theoretical justification for the constitutional distinctiveness of religion, we come up empty. Religion, as we commonly recognize it, seems to have no unique attributes, and certainly not ones that justify singling it out from other forms of belief and culture. The firm conviction—often expressed by the Supreme Court—that religion is and should be treated distinctly under the First Amendment seems theoretically inexplicable. This Article first rejects the standard distinctivist account, which holds that religion should be given special privileges and disabilities because it is a singular phenomenon. It shows that religion is not a uniquely demanding set of beliefs, nor is it a particularly encompassing culture, and finally, that it is not alone in making political arguments that cannot be explained to non-believers. Instead, this Article argues that religion’s similarity to state-based political identity is what actually justifies singling out religion. Both religion and the state make overlapping claims for loyalty, truth, and identity that are similar in nature. Both base their authority to make these claims in a system of rituals and symbols grounded in theology. These similarities create a constant drive towards conflict between the state and the religious groups living within its borders. To alleviate and mitigate this potential conflict, the Constitution established a “Jeffersonian Compromise” in which religious adherents accept the exclusion of faith from the political sphere in return for the guarantee of religious freedom. Conceptualizing the distinctive status of religion under the First Amendment as a compromise makes it clear why these protections do not apply to all forms of strong belief or encompassing cultures. Since this compromise is motivated and justified by an overlapping and conflict-prone relationship between state and religious identities, it can only produce duties and obligations for those sides. It simply does not apply to other forms of belief and culture.
Keynes, Russian Economic Thought, and Contemporary Policy

This paper extends a long tradition of Western analyses of Russian economic thought on Keynes, updating the story through the period that followed the global financial crisis of 2007-2008. We survey contemporary views of Keynesianism by mainstream and traditionalist economists and consider the theoretical and ideological motivations for a domesticated variant of Keynesianism as a “third way,” bridging Western economics and Soviet political economy. As such, this paper provides a survey of the shift in political economy that underpins recent pivot from market liberalism to targeted government management as a solution to Russian economic stagnation. We conclude that it would be an exaggeration to declare that the latest transformation of Russian economic policy ‘Keynesian.’
Tracheostomy on infants born in the periviable period: Outcomes at discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)

Abstract Objectives Advances in neonatal intensive care have allowed successful resuscitation of children born at the border of viability. However, there has been little change in the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and anatomical upper airway obstruction which may require a tracheostomy in that group. The benefits of the procedure are accompanied by sequelae that impact outcomes. Information about these issues can assist caregivers in making decisions and planning care after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The objectives of this study were to describe the clinical characteristics of neonates born in the periviable period (≤25 weeks gestation) requiring tracheotomy and to highlight their hospital course, complications and status upon NICU discharge. Methods Retrospective analysis at four tertiary care academic children's hospitals. Medical records of neonates born ≤25 weeks gestation who required tracheotomy between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2018 were reviewed. Demographics, medical comorbidities, and tracheostomy related complications were studied. Feeding, ventilation, and neurodevelopmental outcomes at time of transfer from NICU were evaluated. Results Fifty-two patients were included. The mean gestational age was 24.3 (95% confidence interval, 24.1 to 24.5) weeks. The mean birth weight was 635 (95% CI: 603 to 667) grams and 50 (96.2%) children had BPD. At time of discharge from the NICU, 47 (90.4%) required mechanical ventilation, four (7.7%) required supplemental oxygen and one (1.9%) was weaned to room air. Forty-two (80.8%) were discharged with a gastrostomy tube, seven (28%) with a nasogastric tube, and three (5.8%) were on oral feeds. Two (3.8%) suffered hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, 27 (51.9%) had neurodevelopmental delay, seven (13.5%) were diagnosed with another anomaly, and 16 (30.8%) were considered normal. Complications related to the procedure were observed in 28 (53.8%) neonates. Granulation tissue was seen in 17 (32.7%), wound break down or cellulitis in three (5.8%), one (1.9%) with tracheostomy plugging, three (5.8%) with dislodgement of the tracheostomy tube and four (7.7%) developed tracheitis. Conclusions Tracheostomy in infants born in the periviable period is primarily performed for BPD and portends extended ventilatory dependence. It is associated with non-oral alimentation at the time of discharge from the NICU and developmental delay. Mortality directly related to the procedure is rare. Minor complications are common but do not require surgical intervention. These data may aid in counseling caregivers about the procedure in this vulnerable population.
Multi-Horizon Electricity Load and Price Forecasting Using an Interpretable Multi-Head Self-Attention and EEMD-Based Framework

Accurate system marginal price and load forecasts play a pivotal role in economic power dispatch, system reliability and planning. Price forecasting helps electricity buyers and sellers in an energy market to make effective decisions when preparing their bids and making bilateral contracts. Despite considerable research work in this domain, load and price forecasting still remains to be a complicated task. Various uncertain elements contribute to electricity price and demand volatility, such as changes in weather conditions, outages of large power plants, fuel cost, complex bidding strategies and transmission congestion in the power system. Thus, to deal with such difficulties, we propose a novel hybrid deep learning method based upon bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) and a multi-head self-attention mechanisms that can accurately forecast locational marginal price (LMP) and system load on a day-ahead basis. Additionally, ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), a data-driven algorithm, is used for the extraction of hidden features from the load and price time series. Besides that, an intuitive understanding of how the proposed model works under the hood is demonstrated using different interpretability use cases. The performance of the presented method is compared with existing well-known techniques applied for short-term electricity load and price forecast in a comprehensive manner. The proposed method produces considerably accurate results in comparison to existing benchmarks.
A Coupling Factor in Bacterial Photophosphorylation

The photophosphorylation activity of pigmented particles derived from membranes of the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas capsulata is greatly diminished by sonic treatment in the presence of EDTA. Activity can be largely restored to treated particles by addition of solubilized protein factor or factors, which functionally resemble coupling factors isolated from other kinds of energy-converting systems. Evidence is presented in support of the conclusion that the R. capsulata factor is required for coupling phosphorylation to electron transport rather than for catalyzing electron transport.
Axial-Flow Turbines

This chapter focuses on axial-flow turbines that are the most widely employed turbines using a compressible fluid. Axial-flow turbines power most of the gas turbine units and they are more efficient than radial-inflow turbines in most operational ranges. They are also used in steam turbine design; however, there are some significant differences between the axial-flow turbine design for a gas turbine and the design for a steam turbine. Axial-flow turbines are now designed with a high work factor to obtain lower fuel consumption and reduce the noise from the turbine. Lower fuel consumption and lower noise requires the design of higher by-pass ratio engines, and a high by-pass ratio engine in turn requires various turbine stages to drive the high-flow, low-speed fan. The flow in axial-flow turbines enters and leaves in the axial direction. There are two types of axial turbines: impulse type and reaction type. Most axial flow turbines consist of more than one stage. The front stages are usually impulse (zero reaction) and the later stages have about 50% reaction. The impulse stages produce about twice the output of a comparable 50% reaction stage, while the efficiency of an impulse stage is less than that of a 50% reaction stage. The high temperatures that are available in the turbine section have resulted from the improvements of the metallurgy of the blades in the turbines. Development of directionally solidified blades as well as the new single-crystal blades, with the new coating cooling schemes, is responsible for the increase in firing temperatures. The high pressure ratio in the compressor also causes the cooling air used in the first stages of the turbine to become hot.