cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Polarographic Study of Iodothiophenes

Eight iodothiophenes were polarographed in two different solvents, N,N-dimeth-ylformamide and 2-ethoxyethanol and the half-wave potential for each wave was calculated. The reduction of the iodothiophenes at the dropping mercury electrode was found to be essentially the same as reduction of the iodothiophenes by chemical methods. Reaction mixtures obtained in the preparation of some iodothiophenes were polarographed and the information obtained was found to be useful in determining the iodothiophenes present and their relative amounts. A study of the wave heights vs. concentration of 2-iodothiophene in N,N-dimethylforma-mide and in 2-ethoxyethanol was conducted and the diffusion current was shown to be proportional to the concentration.
Noise-Resistant Bicluster Recognition

Biclustering is crucial in finding co-expressed genes and their associated conditions in gene expression data. While various biclustering algorithms (e.g., combinatorial, probabilistic modelling, and matrix factorization) have been proposed and constantly improved in the past decade, data noise and bicluster overlaps make biclustering a still challenging task. It becomes difficult to further improve biclustering performance, without resorting to a new approach. Inspired by the recent progress in unsupervised feature learning using deep neural networks, in this work, we propose a novel model for biclustering, named Auto Decoder (AD), by relating biclusters to features and leveraging a neural network that is able to automatically learn features from the input data. To suppress severe noise present in gene expression data, we introduce a non-uniform signal recovery mechanism: Instead of reconstructing the whole input data to capture the bicluster patterns, AD weighs the zero and non-zero parts of the input data differently and is more flexible in dealing with different types of noise. AD is also properly regularized to deal with bicluster overlaps. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first biclustering algorithm that leverages neural network techniques to recover overlapped biclusters hidden in noisy gene expression data. We compared our approach with four state-of-the-art biclustering algorithms on both synthetic and real datasets. On three out of the four real datasets, AD significantly outperforms the other approaches. On controlled synthetic datasets, AD performs the best when noise level is beyond 15%.
Experiences using Visualization Techniques to Present Requirements, Risks to Them, and Options for Risk Mitigation

For several years we have been employing a riskbased decision process to guide development and application of advanced technologies, and for research and technology portfolio planning. The process is supported by custom software, in which visualization plays an important role. During requirements gathering, visualization is used to help scrutinize the status (completeness, extent) of the information. During decision making based on the gathered information, visualization is used to help decisionmakers understand the space of options and their consequences. In this paper we summarize the visualization capabilities that we have employed, indicating when and how they have proven useful.
Partial order transport service for multimedia applications: reliable service

This paper introduces a partial order connection (POC) protocol. Motivated in particular by multimedia applications, POC is an end-to-end connection that provides a partial order service, that is, a service that requires some, but not all objects to be received in the order transmitted. This paper discusses R-PO, a reliable version of POC which requires that all transmitted objects are eventually delivered. A metric based on the number of linear extensions of a partial order in the presence of no lost objects is proposed to quantify different partial orders. Means for its calculation is presented when P can be modeled as a combination of sequential and/or parallel compositions of Petri-nets. This metric allows one to compare and evaluate the complexity of different partial order services. >
RNA Search with Decision Trees and Partial Covariance Models

The use of partial covariance models to search for RNA family members in genomic sequence databases is explored. The partial models are formed from contiguous subranges of the overall RNA family multiple alignment columns. A binary decision-tree framework is presented for choosing the order to apply the partial models and the score thresholds on which to make the decisions. The decision trees are chosen to minimize computation time subject to the constraint that all of the training sequences are passed to the full covariance model for final evaluation. Computational intelligence methods are suggested to select the decision tree since the tree can be quite complex and there is no obvious method to build the tree in these cases. Experimental results from seven RNA families shows execution times of 0.066-0.268 relative to using the full covariance model alone. Tests on the full sets of known sequences for each family show that at least 95 percent of these sequences are found for two families and 100 percent for five others. Since the full covariance model is run on all sequences accepted by the partial model decision tree, the false alarm rate is at least as low as that of the full model alone.
The Growth of the Firm in Planned Economies in Transition: Institutions, Organizations, and Strategic Choice

Highlighting an important facet of diversity among organizations operating in different institutional environments, this article presents a model of the growth strategy of the firm in planned economies in transition such as Eastern Europe, the former Soviet republics, and China. Focusing on the stylized state-owned enterprises, we explore the interaction between institutions and organizations in these countries. Given the institutional constraints, neither generic expansion nor acquisitions, two traditional strategies for growth found in the West, are viable for firms in these countries. Instead, firms settle on a network-based strategy of growth, building on personal trust and informal agreements among managers. The institutional environment that leads to this unique strategy of growth is examined, and boundary conditions, limitations, and implications of this model are discussed.
Late-Life Onset Hypogonadism: A Review

Increased longevity and population aging will increase the number of men with late-onset hypogonadism, a common condition that is often under diagnosed and under treated. The indication of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) treatment requires the presence of low testosterone level and symptoms and signs of hypogonadism. Although there is a lack of large-scale, long-term studies assessing the benefits and risks of TRT in men with hypogonadism, reports indicate that TRT may produce a wide range of benefits that include improvement in libido and sexual function, bone density, muscle mass, body composition, mood, erythropoiesis, cognition, quality of life, and cardiovascular disease. Perhaps the most controversial area is the issue of risk, especially the possible stimulation of prostate cancer by testosterone, even though there is no evidence to support this risk. Other possible risks include worsening symptoms of benign prostatic hypertrophy, liver toxicity, hyperviscosity, erythrocytosis, worsening untreated sleep apnea, or severe heart failure. Despite this controversy, testosterone supplementation in the United States has increased substantially in the past several years. The physician should discuss with the patient the potential benefits and risks of TRT. This review discusses the benefits and risks of TRT.
Infrared Spectroscopic Observations of the Outer Planets, Their Satellites, and the Asteroids

An infrared spectroscopic data base is described for such planetary studies as (1) the detection of atmospheric constituents, (2) the establishment of the column abundances of known atmospheric constituents, and (3) the determination of the thermal properties of planetary atmospheres. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Titan and Triton are discussed with reference to middle- and far-IR data, the chemical and thermal properties of their atmospheres, atmospheric constituents and absolute reflectivities, or albedos. Attention is also given to infrared spectroscopic studies of satellite and asteroid surfaces. It is noted that the most abundant surface materials are condensed volatiles and silicate minerals. Water ice has been detected on many surfaces and on the rings of Saturn; CH-4 has been found on Pluto, and CO2 has been identified as a component of the polar caps on Mars. It is concluded that some asteroid surfaces are mineralogically compatible with the relatively unevolved low-temperature remnant of nebular condensation, while others are composed of high-temperature silicates spectrally identical to the products of magmatic differentiation.
The Impact of Endogenously Determined Uncertainty About Future Mispricings and Investigatory Outcomes

This paper models market mispricings as a function of subjective predictions about the endogenously determined future trades of other investors. Utilizing only a very general set of very unrestrictive assumptions, a single boundary condition with only a few variables is deduced that facilitates rational analysis of the multitude of ambiguous factors and complex interrelationships that influence investment decisions. The model, which incorporates the uncertainty of the outcome of an investment analysis that is shown to explain the neglected firm effect, supplies new insights on market price cycles and patterns.
Patients' decision making process and expectations of a left ventricular assist device pre and post implantation.

Abstract Objectives To examine patients' pre-implantation decision-making and pre and post-implantation expectations of left ventricular assist devices (LVADs). Background LVADs have been shown to improve both quantity and quality of life of patients living with Stage D heart failure (HF). However, they also pose significant risks. Methods 15 LVAD participants followed in a longitudinal study of Stage D HF patients were included in this thematic analysis. Results Three themes were identified: no choice; I thought I would be doing better; I feel good, but now what. Evidence from pre-implantation to post-implantation suggested that patients' perceived expectations of quality of life improvement were not met. Conclusions In light of their declining health, most patients felt their only alternative to implantation was death. In the post-implantation period, patients expected greater improvements in their quality of life. Evidence based guidelines for discussions of goals of care, post-implant expectations, and palliative care are necessary.
Stimulated gain spectroscopy for probing condensed matter dynamics

Since the early 1960s, light scattering spectroscopy has been applied extensively to condensed matter research. A considerable amount of microscopic information on liquid and crystalline solid state dynamics has been revealed. Recently, progress has slowed due mainly to the limitations inherent in conventional light scattering techniques for probing low frequency fluctuations in condensed phase materials. These limitations are well known: (1) the interference of parasitic scattering and quasielastic scattering can totally obscure low frequency dynamic modes of interest; (2) due to lack of spectral resolution in Bril- louin scattering below 1 GHz and of sensitivity in photon correlation (and excess attenuation in ultrasonic techniques) above 1 MHz, the frequency range between megahertz and gigahertz is not easily accessible.
Passage of bovine serum albumin from the mother to rabbit blastocysts. II. Passage from uterine lumen to blastocyst fluid.

Passage of bovine serum albumin (BSA) into unimplanted rabbit blastocysts was studied using intravenous or intrauterine injection of the mother and in vitro cultivation of 5-day blastocysts. BSA concentration in blastocyst fluid was measured using a quantitative radial immunodiffusion method and confirmed by double diffusion in agar. Intravenous injection of up to 200 mg/kg body weight produced a mean concentration of 106 μg/ml in uterine fluid and the blastocyst fluid was mostly negative. In vitro cultivation with 1–20 mg BSA/ml resulted in appreciable passage which was confirmed by intra-uterine injection. BSA appeared in blastocyst fluid after 2–3 h of exposure. After 24 h, 0·25–2·0 μg BSA was accumulated. The highest concentration observed in blastocyst fluid was 338 μg/ml and this was about 1·7% of the surrounding concentration. Combined with previous results on passage from plasma into uterine fluid, it could be calculated that in 24 h the blastocyst fluid acquired about 0·08% of the maternal serum concentration of BSA. The accumulation of BSA by the blastocyst is about half that of rabbit albumin in the same period (5–6 days p.c.), which suggests that the unimplanted blastocyst is capable of discriminating between native and foreign serum albumin.
Time Domain Prediction of Final Error Due to Noise in Learning and Repetitive Control

Repetitive control is a field that creates controllers to eliminate the effects of periodic disturbances on a feedback control system. The methods have applications in spacecraft problems, to isolate fine pointing equipment from periodic vibration disturbances such as slight imbalances in momentum wheels or cryo pumps. A closely related field of control design is iterative learning control (ILC) which aims to eliminate tracking error in a task that repeats, each time starting from the same initial condition. Experiments done on a robot at NASA Langley Research Center showed that the final error levels produced by different candidate repetitive and learning controllers can be very different, even when each controller is analytically proven to converge to zero error in the deterministic case. The difference in final error level can be an important criterion for deciding which controller one wants to implement in practice. A time domain approach to predicting final error was previously developed for ILC which handles a certain class of ILC methods. Here we create methods to include zero phase filtering that is very important in creating practical designs, and we also develop methods for higher order ILC and for repetitive control.
Comparison of fatty acid and triacylglycerol metabolism of macrophages and smooth muscle cells.

The response of macrophages and smooth muscle cells to culture in free fatty acid has been compared. Because oleate and linoleate promoted triacylglycerol enrichment of smooth muscle cells, whereas palmitate had little effect, oleate was used for these studies. The kinetics of the accumulation of triacylglycerol produced by oleate was comparable between smooth muscle cells and macrophages. When grown in increasing concentrations of oleic acid at various fatty acid to albumin molar ratios, the extent of triacylglycerol accumulation in both cell types was dependent on the concentration of oleate, the concentration of albumin, and the oleate to albumin molar ratio. However, macrophages contained 2.6-fold more triacylglycerol than smooth muscle cells in the presence of oleate at 0.36 mM or greater and at levels of albumin higher than 0.15 mM. The cellular triacylglycerol content of macrophages was linearly related to the oleate to albumin molar ratio at both a constant albumin concentration and a constant oleate concentration, whereas the accumulation of triacylglycerol in smooth muscle cells showed a curvilinear relationship. When cells were preloaded with triacylglycerols, smooth muscle cells showed a greater loss of lipid when exposed to albumin than macrophages did. Over a two-hr time period, macrophages incorporated twice as much labeled fatty acid as smooth muscle cells. Thus, while smooth muscle cells and macrophages showed similar responses to exogenous fatty acid and albumin, there were also significant quantitative distinctions.
Crystallization and Melting Behaviors of Cyclic and Linear Polypeptoids with Alkyl Side Chains

A series of cyclic and linear poly(N-alkyl glycine)s (a.k.a. polypeptoids) with various linear and branched alkyl side chains (n = 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14) were synthesized by N-heterocyclic carbene or benzylamine-initiated polymerizations of the corresponding N-alkyl N-carboxyanhydride (R-NCAs), respectively. DSC and WAXD studies revealed that cyclic and linear polypeptoids with long linear n-alkyl side chains (n = 4–14) are semicrystalline with two melting transitions attributed to the side chain and main chain crystallization. These crystallizations are strongly coupled: increasing side chain length promotes the side chain crystallization and weakens the main chain crystallization, as evidenced by the increased side chain melting temperature (enthalpy) and the decreased main chain melting temperature (enthalpy) with increasing side chain length. Cyclic and linear polypeptoids bearing alkyl side chains as short as 4 carbons exhibit side chain crystallization at low temperatures (−110 and −117 °C). Ho...
Lyophilization of Poliomyelitis Virus. Heat Inactivation of Dry MEF1 Virus.

Summary1. Data are presented showing that the MEF1 (Type 2) baby mouse adapted strain of poliomyelitis virus can be lyophilized with little loss of infectious activity. The same appears to be true of the Leon (Type 3) mouse adapted strain. 2. Heating the dry MEF1 virus indicates that, although part of the viral population appears to be relatively heat labile, a measurable proportion of the virus particles is quite resistant to heat. 3. The epidemiological implications of the possible presence of dry poliomyelitis virus in nature are discussed.
Chronic Salmonella bacteriuria complicating lymphosarcoma.

In view of the rarity of chronic Salmonella bacteriuria complicating neoplastic diseases and the lack of understanding of its pathogenesis, a patient with lymphosarcoma associated with intermittent Salmonella typhimurium bacteriuria, traced to one kidney and lasting for more than a year, is described. Prolonged therapy with both ampicillin and chloramphenicol failed to eradicate the pathogen. It is postulated that tumor involvement of the left kidney may have provided the site for infection, resulting from bacteremia secondary to gastroenteritis.
Patent Infringement of Innovations by Foreign Competitors: The Role of the U.S. International Trade Commission

Patent infringement by foreign firms in U.S. markets challenges the effectiveness of legal patents as barriers to entry for firms developing marketing strategy for innovations. The United States In...
Relationship between self-concept and perceived physical fitness.

Some researchers (1, 2 ) have reported an increase in physical performance was related to an increase in self-attitude and self-acceptance for obese teenagers and male rehabilitation clients. Also, aerobic physical fitness scores have been found to be related to favorable responses about self on the MMPI ( 5 ) . The purpose of this study was to determine whether perceived physical fitness was related to self-concept scores of two groups of subjects, 165 high school students in Grades 9 to 12 from Greeley, Colorado and 33 freshman students at Bowling Green State University. A measure of perceived physical fitness was obtained from each group by means of a self-rating scale. High school students were rated on a 5-point scale ( M = 3.98, SD = .76) and college students were rated on a 9-point scale ( M = 5.85, SD = 1.35). The Piers-Harris Children's Self-concept Scale (4) was administered to the high school group ( M = 61.08, SD = 10.59) and an adaptation of the semantic differential (3 ) was used to obtain a measure of self-concept for the college group ( M = 245.33, SD = 30.07). Perceived physical fitness and self-concept scores were significantly but moderately correlated ( p < .05) for high school subjects ( r = .34) and college subjects ( r = .41), in spite of che restriction of the range of scores on each scale for each sample. These ss are consistent with prior findings (1, 2, 5 ) . Physical fitness, determined on the basis of perceived or acrual physical performance, seems an important aspect of the construct of self-concept. These findings may indicate that perceived physical fitness and actual physical performance are related, suggesting stability and validity of a self-report measure of physical health, but relation between perceived and actual physical fitness needs exploration.
A Comparison of a New Ultrasound-Based Whole Blood Viscoelastic Test (SEER Sonorheometry) Versus Thromboelastography in Cardiac Surgery.

BACKGROUND:Viscoelastic thromboelastography tests such as TEG™ are now routine for assessing the coagulation status of cardiac surgery patients. We compared TEG™ with a new technology, sonic estimation of elasticity via resonance (SEER) sonorheometry, to compare measures of coagulation dynamics of w
Application of technology for computer vision in plants shape measurement

The system is developed to measure the shape of plants.Several improvements have been made in this software system: One is that the standard for taking photo of maize is worked out,in the thinned maize photo,the number of the maize leaves is calculated by counting the joining-point between the leaf and the stalk,the new noise-killing and blur-thinning algorithms make measurement more ac-curate,improved freeman code length measuring method improve the precision of the curve-length,harmless plant-shape measuring sys-tem,created bymicrosoft visual C++.net,can measure the plant'sshape in aspects like the leaf's length and stem-leafangle either manually or automatically,and the precision accords with the designing requirement.
Identifying sources of disease in agriculture: A role for occupational health nurses

1. Agriculture is one of the most hazardous industries in the United States, vying with mining and construction as the industry with the highest work fatality rate. 2. Over 40% of Midwestern farm operators also work off the farm. Understanding the disease risks of farming can help the occupational health nurse provide comprehensive care to these dual workers. 3. Sources of disease in agriculture may be physical, chemical, biological, or psychosocial in nature. 4. Effective strategies in the control of agricultural hazards include engineering modifications, use of personal protection products, and educational efforts.
Primary, Nonrechargeable Batteries

Except for the discussions of the lithium/iodine cell in Chap. 10, all of the discussion concerning batteries for energy storage has been oriented toward understanding the properties of individual cell components and systems. The emphasis has been upon those that are most interesting for use in rechargeable batteries.
SU-F-J-174: A Series of Computational Human Phantoms in DICOM-RT Format for Normal Tissue Dose Reconstruction in Epidemiological Studies

Purpose: Epidemiological studies of second cancer risk in radiotherapy patients often require individualized dose estimates of normal tissues. Prior to 3D conformal radiation therapy planning, patient anatomy information was mostly limited to 2D radiological images or not even available. Generic patient CT images are often used in commercial radiotherapy treatment planning system (TPS) to reconstruct normal tissue doses. The objective of the current work was to develop a series of reference size computational human phantoms in DICOM-RT format for direct use in dose reconstruction in TPS. Methods: Contours of 93 organs and tissues were extracted from a series of pediatric and adult hybrid computational human phantoms (newborn, 1-, 5-, 10-, 15-year-old, and adult males and females) using Rhinoceros software. A MATLAB script was created to convert the contours into the DICOM-RT structure format. The simulated CT images with the resolution of 1×1×3 mm3 were also generated from the binary phantom format and coupled with the DICOM-structure files. Accurate volumes of the organs were drawn in the format using precise delineation of the contours in converted format. Due to complex geometry of organs, higher resolution (1×1×1 mm3) was found to be more efficient in the conversion of newborn and 1-year-old phantoms. Results: Contour sets were efficiently converted into DICOM-RT structures in relatively short time (about 30 minutes for each phantom). A good agreement was observed in the volumes between the original phantoms and the converted contours for large organs (NRMSD<1.0%) and small organs (NRMSD<7.7%). Conclusion: A comprehensive series of computational human phantoms in DICOM-RT format was created to support epidemiological studies of second cancer risks in radiotherapy patients. We confirmed the DICOM-RT phantoms were successfully imported into the TPS programs of major vendors.
Primary Hyperparathyroidism Due to Parathyromatosis

Parathyromatosis is a rare cause of persistent or recurrent hyperparathyroidism (HPT). It occurs when there is disruption of the hypercellular parathyroid tissue and seeding of cells, most often in the cervical subcutaneous tissue and strap muscles. It may also develop when embryologic rests of parathyroid tissue become hyperplastic. Patients with secondary HPT are at the greatest risk for developing parathyromatosis. Parathyromatosis may be difficult to cure because the implants are often small and difficult to localize on imaging and there are typically multiple implants. The small size makes ultrasonography a very useful tool to anatomically localize the implants. Many patients undergoing surgery for parathyromatosis may require reoperation because the localization of all implants is a challenge. These patients should be followed to detect persistent or recurrent HPT.
Crystal Structure of a Complex of the Intracellular Domain of Interferon λ Receptor 1 (IFNLR1) and the FERM/SH2 Domains of Human JAK1

The crystal structure of a construct consisting of the FERM and SH2-like domains of the human Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) bound to a fragment of the intracellular domain of the interferon-λ receptor 1 (IFNLR1) has been determined at the nominal resolution of 2.1A. In this structure, the receptor peptide forms an 85-A-long extended chain, in which both the previously identified box1 and box2 regions bind simultaneously to the FERM and SH2-like domains of JAK1. Both domains of JAK1 are generally well ordered, with regions not seen in the crystal structure limited to loops located away from the receptor-binding regions. The structure provides a much more complete and accurate picture of the interactions between JAK1 and IFNLR1 than those given in earlier reports, illuminating the molecular basis of the JAK-cytokine receptor association. A glutamate residue adjacent to the box2 region in IFNLR1 mimics the mode of binding of a phosphotyrosine in classical SH2 domains. It was shown here that a deletion of residues within the box1 region of the receptor abolishes stable interactions with JAK1, although it was previously shown that box2 alone is sufficient to stabilize a similar complex of the interferon-α receptor and TYK2.
Dual loop hardened latch circuit for low power application

As technology is scaling down, circuit reliability issues are major concerns because digital circuits are more susceptible to external noise sources. Soft Error is one such source which changes the voltage of internal nodes of the circuit. Hence it is necessary to design soft error (SE) immune digital circuits. In this paper, we proposed a novel SE immune latch circuit which operates at 0.5V using 32nm technology node. Compared to previous hardened latches up to date, the proposed latch circuit completely immunes to SE on any node of the circuit with 26% total delay reduction.
Abstract A10: Redox regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most newly diagnosed cancer, and the third most frequent cause of cancer related death in the United States. Thus, there is an urgent unmet need for the development of new therapies for the treatment of CRC. Loss of function mutations in adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), a critical member of the β-catenin destruction complex, lead to elevated protein levels of β-Catenin, and are found in 85% of CRCs, where they are associated with decreased CRC patient survival. Increased levels of β-catenin protein augment the nuclear accumulation of β-catenin where it interacts with transcription factors to induce transcription of target genes promoting cell proliferation, survival, and migration. Currently, there is still no effective therapy targeting aberrant β-catenin transcriptional activity. Here we report on the redox dependency of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, identified through a forward genetic screen in Drosophila, and identify TxnR1 as a potential target for the inhibition of aberrant β-catenin transcriptional activity through in vivo studies with the APCmin/+ mouse model. Drosophila harboring a mutation in the thioredoxin reductase (txnr1) gene that have a partial lethality phenotype were used in an enhancer/suppressor forward genetic screen. Increased lethality was observed when the txnr1 mutation (Txnr1481) was combined with heterozygous mutations and deletions in dwnt2, while dwnt2 deletion and mutations alone had no effect (on lethality). In addition, β-Catenin mediated transcription, as measured by TOP Flash luciferase assay, was diminished when TxnR1 was silenced by siRNA. To test the translational value of these findings, APCmin/+ mice were treated with PX-12, a human TxnR1 inhibitor, daily by gavage from day 40 to time of death. We observed a dose dependent reduction in the number and size of intestinal polyps by PX-12 treatment, and an increased survival in treated mice. Also, human colorectal cancer cell lines treated with PX-12 displayed attenuated phosphorylation of β-catenin serine residues 552 and 675. These results suggest a conserved mechanism for the redox regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway involving TxnR1; furthermore, inhibition of TxnR1 can inhibit intestinal neoplasia development in an experimental model of CRC. Citation Format: Alex Campos, Brian James, Petrus De Jong, Garth Powis. Redox regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in colorectal cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Precision Medicine Series: Targeting the Vulnerabilities of Cancer; May 16-19, 2016; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2017;23(1_Suppl):Abstract nr A10.
Why Sexual Assault Survivors Do Not Report to Universities: A Feminist Analysis

The present study analyzed responses from 220 female survivors of sexual assault at a U.S. college campus. Guided by feminist thought, we used thematic analysis to analyze survivors' reasons for not reporting their sexual assault to university officials. Drawing on participants' own words, the most common reasons for not reporting included “It was not a big enough deal,” “I didn't know who to report to or that I could report,” “It wasn't related to the university,” “I was afraid,” “Because I was drunk,” “Too ashamed to report,” “I didn't want to get him in trouble,” and “Felt as if I would be blamed for putting myself in the situation.” We conducted a series of binary logistic regressions to determine which demographic and experiential variables were associated with the thematic reason(s) for not reporting. In the spirit of feminist praxis, we offer implications for universities to remove barriers for reporting sexual violence.
Opioid Demand Before and After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Background:Surgeons and health care systems have received a call to action in an effort to curtail the current opioid epidemic.Purpose:To (1) define the natural history of opioid demand after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), (2) consider how filling preoperative opioid prescriptions affects opioid demand after ACLR, and (3) evaluate the effect of additional procedures during ACLR and patient age on postoperative opioid demand.Study Design:Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.Methods:ACLRs performed in the Humana database between 2007 and 2014 were identified using Current Procedural Terminology code 29888. Patients were considered preoperative opioid users if they had filled an opioid prescription in the 3 months preceding surgery. Patients were defined as “chronic” opioid users if they had filled a prescription preoperatively at 1 to 3 months from surgery. Further categorization was performed by identifying patients who only underwent ACLR with no other procedures, those who underwent ACLR...
An open-path tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer for detection of carbon dioxide at the Bonanza Creek Long-Term Ecological Research Site near Fairbanks, Alaska

We have developed a low-power, open-path, near-infrared (NIR) tunable diode laser sensor for the measurement of near ground-level concentrations of greenhouse gases. Here, we report on instrument design, characterization, and initial measurements of carbon dioxide concentrations during deployment to a thermokarst collapse scar bog near Fairbanks, AK (USA). The optics “launch-box” portion of the instrument couples radiation from an NIR, distributed feedback diode laser operating near 1572 nm with a visible laser for alignment purposes. The outgoing beam is directed through a 3.2-mm hole in a parabolic mirror and the launch-box is oriented using a two axis, altitude-azimuth telescope mount such that the beam strikes a retroreflector target at a set distance downfield. The beam then retraces the path back to the launch-box where the light is collected on the surface of the parabolic mirror and focused onto a multimode fiber that transfers the radiation to an InGaAs detector. Sweeps over a ~1.6 cm−1 spectral region were collected at a rate of 500 scans per second and were typically stored as 10 s sweep averages. These averaged sweeps could be individually spectrally fit for CO2 concentration or averaged into a single spectrum for fitting (after correction for slight frequency drift). Field data reported here was averaged for 2.5 min and was found to follow trends in diurnal cycles of CO2 concentration cycles reported by sensors located nearby in the field site.
Fault identification in distribution systems using maximum overlap wavelet decomposition

This paper presents a novel voltage-based protection element using MODWT wavelet coefficients. This helps improve the sensitivity of existing current-based protection which can be subjected to sensitivity issues given the evolving distribution grids with multiple generation sites. The analysis of the voltage transient immediately after a disturbance can provide much useful information about the nature of the disturbance, which may otherwise be hidden. Therefore, augmenting transient based fault detection to existing techniques can improve the system protection. The proposed algorithm analyses the relative and individual content of high and low wavelet-level coefficients to reliably detect faults, and not trigger during non-fault disturbances like capacitor switching. The performance of the element is validated using results from power system simulation models and field event reports.
Who uses more strategies? Linking mathematics anxiety to adults’ strategy variability and performance on fraction magnitude tasks

Adults use a variety of strategies to reason about fraction magnitudes, and this variability is adaptive. In two studies, we examined the relationships between mathematics anxiety, working memory, ...
On the Degree of Approximation in Multivariate Weighted Approximation

Let s ≥ 1 be an integer, f ∈ L P (R s ) for some p, 1 ≤ p ∞ or be a continuous function on R S vanishing at infinity. We consider the degree of approxima-tion of f by expressions of the form exp \( ( - {\text{ }}\sum\limits_{k = 1}^s {{Q_k}\left( {{x_k}} \right)} )P\left( {{x_1},...,{x_s}} \right) \) where each exp(—Q k (·)) is a Freud type weight function, and P is a polynomial of specific degrees in each coordinate. Direct and converse theorems are stated. In particular, it is shown that if each Q k = lxl α for some even, positive integer a, and the degree of approximation has a power decay, then the same property holds when the weight function is replaced by exp \( ( - \sum\limits_{k = 1}^s {{a_k}{Q_k}\left( {{x_k}} \right)} ) \) for any positive constants a k .
Robotics, AI and vision in Java with the dLife library: faculty poster

dLife is a Java library developed for teaching and research in robotics, artificial intelligence and computer vision. While a significant number of platforms now exist for using robotics in the CS classroom (e.g. Lego, Pyro, Myro, MS Robotics Studio, Player, Tekkotsu, Webots, and others...) dLife presents a unique combination of features that will be attractive to some educators. dLife allows students to program robots in Java, is free and open-source, runs on Mac OX and Linux and supports a variety of popular educational robots both physically and in simulation.
An algorithm that infers theories from facts

A framework for inductive inference in logic is presented: a Model Inference Problem is defined, and it is shown that problems of machine learning and program synthesis from examples can be formulated naturally as model inference problems. A general, incremental inductive inference algorithm for solving model inference problems is developed. This algorithm is based on Popper's methodology of conjectures and refutations [II]. The algorithm can be shown to identify in the limit [3] any model in a family of complexity classes of models, is most powerful of its kind, and is flexible enough to have been successfully implemented for several concrete domains. The Model Inference System is a Prolog implementation of this algorithm, specialized to infer theories in Horn form. It can infer axiomatizations of concrete models from a small number of facts in a practical amount of time.
Information Technology Capabilities: Suggestions for SME Growth

The manner in which small-to-medium-sized (SMEs) organizations grow and develop has been a focused interest of management researchers for decades. Categorizing this development into a life cycle of organizations has been a goal of researchers for understanding the problems and opportunities associated with growth. Using Kazanjian’s four-stage organizational life cycle model (1988) to represent the crises or critical problems faced in each stage, this paper explores how information technology (IT) capabilities can address the critical problems of each life cycle stage (i.e., conception and development, commercialization, growth, and stability) to facilitate continued growth and development.
Recruitment and retention of the Hardest-to-Reach families in community-based asthma interventions:

Background/AimsEngaging underserved populations in research requires substantial effort for recruitment and retention. The objective of this study is to describe the effort needed to recruit and re...
The Role of Patient Research in Patient Trust in Their Physician.

Purpose Trust is foundational to the patient-physician relationship. However, there is limited information on the patient characteristics and behaviors that are related to patient trust. We investigated whether the time patients spend researching their physician and/or symptoms before a clinic visit was correlated with patient trust in their hand surgeon. Methods We conducted a prospective study of new patients (n = 134) who presented to a hand surgery clinic. We tested the null hypothesis that time spent researching the physician or symptom does not correlate with physician trust. Secondarily, we tested the association of a maximizing personality (a decision-making personality type defined as one who exhaustively searches for the “best option” as opposed to a “satisficer” who settles for the “good enough” decision) with time spent researching the hand surgeon and patient symptoms, general self-efficacy (one’s ability to manage adversity), and patient trust. Patients completed a questionnaire assessing demographics, patient researching behavior, general self-efficacy (GSE-6), maximizing personality (Maximization Short Form), and physician trust (Trust in Physician Form). Results The average age of our cohort was 50 ± 17 years, and men and women were equally represented. Patients spent more time researching their symptoms (median, 60 min; range, 5–1,201 min) than they did researching their physician (median, 20 min; range, 1–1,201 min). There was no correlation between time spent by patients seeking information on their hand surgeon and/or symptoms with patient trust in their physician. However, female patients were significantly more trusting of their physician than male patients. Conclusions Most patients research their symptoms before clinic, whereas about half research their physicians before meeting them. Time spent seeking information before clinic was not correlated with patient trust in their physician. However, in our study, female patients were more likely to trust their hand surgeon than male patients. Thus, modifying physician behavior rather than patient characteristics may be a stronger driver of patient trust. Type of study/level of evidence Prognostic IV.
Mobile Neuroergonomics: Action, Interfaces, Cognitive Load, and Selective Attention

Abstract Studying the brain in complex work settings is beneficial to how we develop advanced technology and how we integrate mobility into cognitive work. This chapter reviews two studies examining how the brain responds to environmental changes and how it reacts to mobile use of computing devices. Initial findings are expanded upon by relating effects of selective attention and performance across both studies while also exploring issues of pedestrian safety, creativity, and efficiency at work.
The Unexpected Rapid Intensification of Tropical Cyclones in Moderate Vertical Wind Shear. Part III: Outflow–Environment Interaction

AbstractInteractions between the upper-level outflow of a sheared, rapidly intensifying tropical cyclone (TC) and the background environmental flow in an idealized model are presented. The most imp...
Synthesis, Electronic Spectroscopy, and Photochemistry of Methacrolein Oxide: A Four-Carbon Unsaturated Criegee Intermediate from Isoprene Ozonolysis.

Ozonolysis of isoprene, one of the most abundant volatile organic compounds in the earth’s atmosphere, generates the four-carbon unsaturated methacrolein oxide (MACR-oxide) Criegee intermediate. Th...
Abstract P1127: Reverse Feeding Abolishes Circadian Blood Pressure Rhythms in Bmal1-Knockout Rats

Blood pressure follows a strong circadian rhythm regulated by the molecular clock, which can be entrained by light, feeding, and other cues. Using a whole body knockout of a central clock gene, Bma...
Pain in older survivors of hematologic malignancies after blood or marrow transplantation: A BMTSS report.

Background Blood or marrow transplantation (BMT) is increasingly offered to older adults with hematologic malignancies; however, their risk for severe pain is poorly understood. Using the Bone Marrow Transplant Survivor Study, the current study investigated the prevalence and predictors of pain after BMT (allogeneic or autologous) as well as its association with physical performance impairments and frailty. Methods The cohort included 736 patients with hematologic malignancies who underwent BMT at an age ≥ 60 years at 1 of 3 transplant centers between 1974 and 2014 and survived ≥2 years after BMT; 183 unaffected siblings also participated. Study participants reported on 4 pain domains (nonminor everyday pain, moderate to severe bodily pain, prolonged pain, and moderate to extreme pain interference), and the presence of 1 or more domains was indicative of a severe and/or life-interfering pain composite variable. Results Overall, 39.4% of the BMT survivors reported severe pain with 2.6-fold greater odds of reporting pain in comparison with sibling controls. Among BMT recipients, those with less education, lower incomes, and active chronic graft-versus-host disease had higher odds of reporting pain. In multivariable analyses, BMT survivors with pain were more likely to have impaired physical performance and were more likely to meet the frailty criteria. BMT survivors reported higher use of pain medications (17.8% vs 9.3%) and opioid pain medications (6.5% vs 2.2%) in comparison with sibling controls. Conclusions Nearly 40% of older BMT survivors who were followed for a median of 5 years after BMT reported pain, and BMT survivors had 2.6-fold higher odds of reporting severe, nonminor or life-interfering pain in comparison with siblings.
Geodesy on surfaces of revolution: A wormhole application

We outline a general procedure to derive first-order differential equations obeyed by geodesic orbits over two-dimensional (2D) surfaces of revolution immersed or embedded in ordinary three-dimensional (3D) Euclidean space. We illustrate that procedure with an application to a wormhole model introduced by Morris and Thorne (MT), which provides a prototypical case of a “splittable space-time” geometry. We obtain analytical solutions for geodesic orbits expressed in terms of elliptic integrals and functions, which are qualitatively similar to, but even more fundamental than, those that we previously reported for Flamm's paraboloid of Schwarzschild geometry. Two kinds of geodesics correspondingly emerge. Regular geodesics have turning points larger than the “throat” radius. Thus, they remain confined to one half of the MT wormhole. Singular geodesics funnel through the throat and connect both halves of the MT wormhole, perhaps providing a possibility of “rapid inter-stellar travel.” We provide numerical illustrations of both kinds of geodesic orbits on the MT wormhole.
REHABILITATION OF THE WEST BREAKWATER - PORT OF SINES, PORTUGAL

In 1978, construction of what is now termed the "West Breakwater" at the Port of Sines, Portugal, was nearing completion when it suffered severe damage from a large storm having significant wave heights estimated at nine meters. In February 1979, a subsequent storm with significant waves near the design height of eleven meters virtually destroyed the breakwater. The breakwater, armored with 40 ton dolosse, was approximately 1.7 km long and extended generally southward from the mainland to provide the primary wave protection for the Port of Sines as shown in Figure 1. Sines is about 120 km south of Lisbon. Water depths of 50 meters exist close to shore at this site making it a viable site for a deep water port. The site is exposed to waves approaching generally from the west to northwest. The spring-tide range is about 3.6 meters. Cargo entering the port includes oil and coal (Dias & Toppler 1993). Petrochemicals and refined petroleum products are exported. Tankers offload their oil at berths 2 and 3 located immediately leeward of the west breakwater shown in Figure 2. With a water depth of 28 meters, berth 2 accommodates tankers up to 350,000 dwt. Berth 1 in the original design could have accommodated tankers up to 500,000 dwt, however, the severe storm damage to the breakwater and a reassessment of port development vis-a-vis changes in the world's tanker fleet resulted in abandoning berth 1. In addition to providing berths itself, the west breakwater shelters a number of other facilities within the harbor complex including the refined products loading berths, coal terminal, break bulk and the proposed container cargoes.