cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
AM OLED using a-Si TFT backplane on flexible plastic substrate

Amorphous silicon TFT technology continues to show promise for fabricating large area high resolution flexible AM OLED displays. This paper describes the recent progress in the flexible AM OLED development efforts at Honeywell since our publication in this conference's proceedings in 2003, describing the feasibility of fabricating a 64x64 pixel AM OLED on a flexible plastic substrate. In this paper we describe the design, and fabrication of a 160x160(x3) pixel AM OLED on a flexible plastic substrate with an equivalent 80cgpi resolution. Flexibility characteristics of the fabricated displays are discussed. Further advances and improvements required for extending the size and resolution of flexible AM OLED displays are discussed.© (2004) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Influence of time on metamorphism of sedimentary organic matter in liquid-dominated geothermal systems, western North America.

Temperature ( T in °C) and mean vitrinite reflectance ( R m in %) of sedimentary organic matter samples from six liquid-dominated geothermal systems plot about a line approximated by a regression equation of the form R m = 0.435 exp 0.00683 T . The reflectance data from these systems are strongly temperature-dependent, with a coefficient of determination ( r 2 ) of 0.8. Geologic evidence indicates that reaction duration ranges from 10 3 or 10 4 to 10 6 yr in these systems that appear to have near-maximum temperatures. The uncertainty in vitrinite reflectance and temperature determinations must account for a large part of the remaining variability not explained by the regression equation; therefore, the strong temperature dependence of R m indicates that after about 10 4 yr, reaction duration has little or no influence on metamorphism of organic matter in liquid-dominated geothermal systems. These data indicate that vitrinite reflectance can be used to determine the maximum temperature reached in hot sedimentary basins of moderate longevity.
Polyaromatic ether‐ketone sulfonamides prepared from polydiphenyl ether‐ketones by chlorosulfonation and treatment with secondary amines

Preparation, fabrication de films, durcissement, determination de Tg et T M par DSC et vieillissement oxydant
An Efficient Method for Temporal Integration of the Navier-Stokes Equations in Confined Axisymmetric Geometries

A method for temporal integration of the Navier?Stokes equations written in cylindrical coordinates is described. The objective is to avoid the severe time-step limitation usually encountered in confined axisymmetric geometries (e.g., pipe flow), caused by a fine azimuthal grid spacing around the centerline and the desire to refine the grid in the radial direction near walls. Avoiding severe time-step limitations usually involves treating all terms with derivatives in the radial and azimuthal directions with an implicit time-integration scheme. However, this leads to a set of coupled nonlinear equations which generally require complex and costly solution procedures. The scheme described in this paper decomposes the computational domain into two regions. Within each region only the derivatives in one coordinate direction is treated implicitly. Conditions at the interface between the regions are determined to maintain the overall temporal accuracy of the basic time-integration schemes. Results from a direct numerical simulation (DNS) of turbulent pipe flow are validated against computational and experimental results from the literature. It is demonstrated that this new scheme allows for larger time-steps than other schemes, leading to significant CPU savings.
An ultralow background germanium gamma-ray spectrometer

Abstract An ultralow background 135 cm 3 intrinsic Ge detector has been developed providing a new benchmark in low background gamma-ray spectroscopy. The radioactive background from construction materials has been reduced by more than two orders of magnitude over conventional low background gamma-ray spectrometers. The sources of background in standard commercial cryostats have been identified and eliminated. Data taken with this prototype after elimination of most cosmic ray induced background are presented. The first application of the prototype as well as a large, second generation, multicrystal (∼ 1440 cm 3 ) germanium detector will be an ultrasensitive search for neutrinoless and two-neutrino double beta decay of 76 Ge.
Fear of Crime Among Chinese Immigrants

Western scholars implicitly assume that the correlates of fear of crime discovered in the extant literature are also applicable to populations of different culture and ethnic backgrounds. The current study investigates whether such an assumption is valid, drawing on survey data of Chinese immigrants in Houston. Among other findings, this study reveals that the effect of age on fear of crime is negative among Chinese immigrants, contrary to the previous research findings on the general population. We discuss the social and cultural process that produces this interesting pattern. The study also finds that, consistent with previous research, acculturation is a salient variable in explaining immigrants’ fear of crime.
Overview of Administrative Simplification Provisions of HIPAA

The administrative simplification provisions of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996 are considered to have a considerable impact on the health care industry in the United States of America. The HIPAA-mandated electronic transactions using Electronic Data Interchange (henceforth EDI) methods have brought significant issues on privacy, confidentiality and security for individually identifiable information not to mention technical issues. The purpose of this paper is to facilitate the understanding of those issues surrounding the administrative simplification part of HIPAA. Toward this goal, the paper provides an overview of HIPAA through a systematic approach of understanding its evolution and its requirements.
Franklin Kidd, Charles West and F.F. Blackman: The start of modern postharvest physiology

Abstract In 1924, in the course of a study of postharvest behavior of apples in cold storage, Franklin Kidd and Charles West recognized and named the ripening-associated respiration phenomenon thereafter known as the climacteric. At the same time, F.F. Blackman launched upon an extended investigation of the influence of oxygen tension both on the course of respiration and on the extent of glycolysis and fermentation in cold-stored fruit. Blackman postulated a dual role of oxygen, one effect being on primary substrate mobilization, and the other on the activity of the terminal oxidase. Whereas the slow prolonged downward metabolic drift in stored fruit was deemed a starvation phenomenon, the climacteric during the so-called senescence phase was thought to be caused by a lowering of tissue “organization resistance”, a term coined by F.F. Blackman. In subsequent years others recognized ethylene as the causative agent in the initiation of the climacteric, while an oxygen-sensitive feedback system was postulated to be responsible for the fundamental control of respiration rate at oxygen concentrations in excess of that saturating the terminal oxidase.
The Production of Neutron-Rich Nuclides in the Heavy-Element Region via 3He Induced Reactions

We have measured the production cross sections for 233Th and 231Th from the bombardment of 238U with 3He ions at 46-, 53-, and 60-MeV at the Brookhaven 60-in. isochronous cyclotron. We have also attempted to observe the decay of 233Ac produced via 238U(3He, 8B) or equivalent reactions using 61 MeV 3He ions by first separating thorium from actinium and then perf orming chemical purifications on the second thorium sample into which the actinium has decayed. In the four experiments we performed, three gave results consistent with the 3 half-life of 233Ac somewhat longer than 120 s and the production cross section from this target-projectile combination in the order of 1-2 ?b.
DNA adduct formation of the carcinogen 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]-quinoline in target tissues of the F-344 rat.

2-Amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ), a potent bacterial mutagen present in broiled sardines, cooked beef and beef extract, is a carcinogen in the F-344 rat, affecting mainly the liver and small and large intestines. Using 32P-postlabeling assays, the formation of IQ-DNA adducts was examined in male F-344 rats. Twenty-four hours after i.p. doses (5-50 mg IQ/kg) the liver, small and large intestine each showed the presence of 5 adducts, the liver and large intestine having an average of 18.1 and 2.4 times as many adducts, respectively, as the small intestine. None of these adducts could be detected in vehicle-treated animals. It is concluded that IQ forms specific DNA adducts in target tissues of the F-344 rat.
Modulation response of a long-cavity, gain-levered quantum-dot semiconductor laser.

The gain-lever effect enhances the modulation efficiency of a semiconductor laser when compared to modulating the entire laser. This technique is investigated in a long-cavity multi-section quantum-dot laser where the length of the modulation section is varied to achieve 14:2, 15:1 and 0:16 gain-to-modulation section ratios. In this work, the gain-levered modulation configuration resulted in an increase in modulation efficiency by as much as 16 dB. This investigation also found that the 3-dB modulation bandwidth and modulation efficiency are dependent on the modulation section length of the device, indicating the existence of an optimal gain-to-modulation section ratio. The long cavity length of the multi-section laser yielded a distinctive case where characteristics of both the gain-lever effect and spatial effects are observed in the modulation response. Here, spatial effects within the cavity dominated the small-signal modulation response close to and above the cavity’s free-spectral range frequency, whereas the gain-lever effect influenced the modulation response throughout the entirety of the response.
The Money Savvy Pig™ Goes to the Big City: Testing the Effectiveness of an Economics Curriculum for Young Children

(2005). The Money Savvy Pig™ Goes to the Big City: Testing the Effectiveness of an Economics Curriculum for Young Children. The Social Studies: Vol. 96, No. 2, pp. 68-71.
SEMICONDUCTOR DETECTOR AS A FAST NEUTRON SPECTROMETER.

Abstract Silicon semiconductor detectors have been used to measure the energies of 6 to 17-MeV neutrons to a precision of 5 to 15 keV by utilizing (n,α) and (n,p) nuclear reactions in the active volumes of the detectors. Criteria for the selection and use of a detector are given. Various combinations of cross sections for the most important detection processes, 28 Si(n,α) 25 Mg and 28 Si(n,p) 28 Al, are presented for reactions leading to the first four states of both residual nuclei for neutron energies from 7.2 to 16.4 MeV, facilitating the use of the detector for determination of neutron flux. Resolution and pulse-height anomalies associated with the recoil 25 Mg and 28 Al ions are described. Methods of data analysis are discussed.
Who says a higher wage improves the labor supply

A message coming from the popular culture in recent years has been that a rise in wages in an occupation brings forth not only more workers but better workers as well. In this paper I present reasons for doubting this claim and for suspecting that the very opposite may be true. The higher an agent's minimal acceptable wage in occupation A, the more likely it is that other job opportunities exist. To the extent that this signals other talents which in turn raise the likelihood of competence in occupation A, the “better” such a worker might be assumed to be. I argue that largely overlooked is the possibility that an agent may be unwilling to work at the lower wage because of a low level of personal satisfaction or because of an insufficient belief in the work’s importance. I conclude that it is the person who is willing to work at the low wage who is more apt to achieve satisfaction and believe in the signficance of the work, and that, absent empirical evidence, it is therefore not correct to say that higher wages bring forth better workers.
Eggerthella lenta bacteremia in a Crohn's disease patient after ileocecal resection

Eggerthella lenta is an anaerobic, nonspore-forming Gram-positive rod and is a common gut commensal. Bacteremia from this organism is rare but when present is always clinically significant. Gastrointestinal disease and malignancy are the most common causes for bacteremia from this organism. Eggerthella species have been isolated in feces from patients with inflammatory bowel disease, but bacteremia has not been reported to the best of our knowledge. Here we report the case of a young African-American female with Crohn's disease who developed Eggerthella lenta bacteremia after ileocaecal resection.
Improving the Surface Roughness of a CVD Coated Silicon Carbide Disk by Performing Ductile Regime Single Point Diamond Turning

Silicon carbide (SiC) is one of the advanced engineered ceramics materials designed to operate in extreme environments. One of the main reasons for the choice of this material is due to its excellent electrical, mechanical and optical properties that benefit the semiconductor, MEMS and optoelectronic industry respectively. Manufacture of this material is extremely challenging due to its high hardness, brittle characteristics and poor machinability. Severe fracture can result when trying to machine SiC due to its low fracture toughness. However, from past experience it has been proven that ductile regime machining of silicon carbide is possible. The main goal of the subject research is to improve the surface quality of a chemically vapor deposited (CVD) polycrystalline SiC material to be used in an optics device such as a mirror. Besides improving the surface roughness of the material, the research also emphasized increasing the material removal rate (MRR) and minimizing the diamond tool wear. The surface quality was improved using a Single Point Diamond Turning (SPDT) machining operation from 1158nm to 88nm (Ra) and from 8.49μm to 0.53μm (Rz; peak-to-valley).Copyright © 2008 by ASME
Toward a General Chemical Method for Rapidly Mapping Multi-Protein Complexes

Ru(II)(bpy2)32+Cl2, ammonium persulfate, and visible light irradiation has been shown to rapidly and efficiently cross-link several interacting proteins. However, this methodology has not yet been used to map the architecture of large multi-protein complexes. In this study, this chemistry is applied to the crystallographically characterized yeast proteasome. The data obtained demonstrate both the method's increased generality and fidelity in comparison to traditional bifunctional cross-linking reagents, while also highlighting the future need for developing better analytical techniques to separate cross-linked products. Keywords: cross-linking • proteasome • PICUP
Nerolidol: An antifeeding sesquiterpene alcohol for gypsy moth larvae fromMelaleuca leucadendron

A systematic procedure is reported for the isolation of a feeding deterrent, (E,S)-nerolidol (I), fromMelaleuca leucadendron leaves for the gypsy moth larvae. Testing of the related alcohols, farnesol (II) and geraniol (III) showed them to be deterrent, but the simpler isoprene-related compounds, 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol andt-amyl alcohol were inactive.
Coherence lengths of upstream ULF waves: Dual ISEE observations

We have used high time resolution simultaneous magnetic field data from the dual ISEE spacecraft to study the coherence lengths of upstream ULF waves. We examine the cross-correlation between ISEE 1 and 2 observations for different spacecraft separations and determine the coherence lengths for upstream 30-second waves, 3-second waves, and one-Hz waves. We find that the observed coherence lengths are consistent with those estimated from the bandwidth of the spectral peak and that these lengths vary markedly from less than 100 km to over 1 R(E). In order to study all these wave phenomena, a multiple spacecraft mission such as the upcoming ESA Cluster mission would need to be capable of assuming a wide variety of possible separations.
Mercury speciation in piscivorous fish from mining-impacted reservoirs

Guadalupe Reservoir (GUA), California, and Lahontan Reservoir (LAH), Nevada, U.S. are both affected either directly or indirectly by the legacy of gold and silver mining in the Sierra Nevada during...
Properties of 2×2 game based on genetic algorithm

Evolutionary games are widely studied in the fields of biology, physics, sociology, economics and informatics. People's interests focus on how to explain cooperation emerged in a population that individuals are selfish. Many researches reveal that some mechanisms contribute to the cooperation such that network structure, memory device and so on. This paper gives a new illustration to the phenomenon: inheritance. A scare-free network is build and agents locate on the nodes to simulate individuals in population. Each agent has two devices: memory and chromosome. The memory can remember the game history with its' neighbors. The chromosome is constructed by genes (‘0’ or ‘1’), and the genes mean cooperation or defection to a particular history. In a generation, every agent games with its neighbors repeatedly; its strategy (cooperation or defection) is decided by game history and chromosome. Then agents evolved to next generation by chromosome's crossover and mutation with their neighbors who get high payoffs in games. We show the cooperation ratio distribution in the 2×2 game model and some characteristic genes and frequently used genes emerges after generations. These findings give new perspectives to the illustration of cooperation behavior in biological group and society.
The Diffusion Coefficient of Scandium in Dilute Aluminum-Scandium Alloys

The diffusion coefficient of Sc in dilute Al-Sc alloys has been determined at 748 K, 823 K, and 898 K (475 °C, 550 °C, and 625 °C, respectively) using semi-infinite diffusion couples. Good agreement was found between the results of the present study and both the higher temperature, direct measurements and lower temperature, indirect measurements of these coefficients reported previously in the literature. The temperature-dependent diffusion coefficient equation derived from the data obtained in the present investigation was found to be $$ D \left( {{\text{m}}^{2} /{\text{s}}} \right) = \left( {2.34 \pm 2.16} \right) \times 10^{ - 4} \left( {{\text{m}}^{2} /{\text{s}}} \right) { \exp }\left( {\frac{{ - \left( {167 \pm 6} \right) \left( {{\text{kJ}}/{\text{mol}}} \right)}}{RT}} \right). $$ Combining these results with data from the literature and fitting all data simultaneously to an Arrhenius relationship yielded the expression $$ D \left( {{\text{m}}^{2} /{\text{s}}} \right) = \left( {2.65 \pm 0.84} \right) \times 10^{ - 4} \left( {{\text{m}}^{2} /{\text{s}}} \right) { \exp }\left( {\frac{{ - \left( {168 \pm 2} \right) \left( {{\text{kJ}}/{\text{mol}}} \right)}}{RT}} \right). $$ In each equation given above, R is 0.0083144 kJ/mol K, T is in Kelvin, and the uncertainties are ±1 standard error.
Boundary Observability and Controllability for Evolutions Governed by Higher Order PDE

Abstract In a recent work Bardos et al . [ SIAM J. Control Optim . 30 (1992), no. 5, 1024-1065] have obtained sharp results on boundary observability and controllability for second-order hyperbolic equations. The essential idea there is that one can observe (control) the solution along any generalized bicharacteristic which hits the boundary at a nondiffractive point; this condition is called the geometric optics condition. Our goal here is to extend their results to higher order hyperbolic problems and ultrahyperbolic problems. As their work is based on Melrose-Stronsjand results on propagation of singularities [R. B. Melrose and J. Sjostrand, Comm. Pure Appl. Math . 31 (1978), 593-617; 35 (1982), 129-168], ours is based on [D. Tataru, Propagation of singularities at the boundary for higher order PDE, preprint], which extends these results to higher order hyperbolic and ultrahyperbolic equations.
Monomeric inhibitors of influenza neuraminidase enhance the hemagglutination inhibition activities of polyacrylamides presenting multiple C-sialoside groups.

Abstract Background : Influenza viruses use hemagglutinin (HA) arrays to bind to sialic acid moieties on the surface of cells; crosslinking of erythrocytes by this mechanism leads to hemagglutination. A number of synthetic polymers containing multiple sialic acid (Neu5Ac) groups as side chains are potent inhibitors of this process. Inhibition may be due to two mechanisms: polyvalent binding of the inhibitor's multiple Neu5Ac side chains to multiple HA sites on the viral surface, or steric stabilization of the viral particle by a layer of the adsorbed, water-swollen polymer, which prevents adhesion to the erythrocyte. The balance between these two effects is not yet known. Results : Polyacrylamides with multiple C-sialosides (PA(Neu5Ac)) were 2–20 fold more effective as inhibitors of virally mediated hemagglutination when assayed in the presence of Neu2en-NH 2 , a potent monomeric inhibitor of influenza neuraminidase (NA). The ability of monomeric inhibitors of NA to enhance the inhibition of hemagglutination in this assay correlated with the affinity of the monomer for NA. Conclusions : We propose that inhibitors of NA act by competing with the C-sialosides of PA(Neu5Ac) for binding to the active sites of the NA. Competitive displacement of Neu5Ac causes an expansion of the layer of polymeric gel adsorbed to the virus, enhancing its inhibitory effect. This study provides an example of synergy between two ligands directed toward the active sites of two different proteins, and reinforces the conclusion that steric stabilization is important for the activity of polyvalent inhibitors.
Effect of microstructure on the arsenic profile in implanted silicon

Abstract According to an irradiation damage model, the profile of an implanted ion at temperatures great enough for diffusion to occur will depend on the defect sink density in the material. To test this model, pure silicon wafers were prepared with high and low defect densities. These wafers were implanted with about 5 × 1019 As +2 m 2 at − 196, 300, and 600°C. After implanting the profiles were measured using Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectroscopy. The observed spreading of the As-profile contradicts initial theoretical predictions.
Temporal changes in dendritic cell subsets, cross-priming and costimulation via CD70 control CD8 + T cell responses to influenza

Efficient antiviral responses require cross-priming of cytolytic T lymphocytes by dendritic cells. Randall and colleagues show that CD103−CD11bhi dendritic cells directly cross-prime CD8+ T cells after influenza infection.
Constitutive relations for inelastic deformation and damage accumulation in hard alpha titanium

The constitutive properties of hard alpha Ti were recently generated by Chan et al., 2000, Constitutive Properties of Hard Alpha Titanium, Metall, and Maters. Trans. A, Vol. 31A, pp. 3029-3040, using uniaxial compression, indirect tension, indentation, and plane strain compression tests. Flow stress and fracture strength of hard alpha were measured as a function of stress state, strain rate, temperature, and nitrogen content. Hard alpha exhibited plastic flow at low nitrogen contents ( 6 wt. percent N). In this paper, this set of constitutive data is used to develop constitutive equations for describing the inelastic deformation and damage accumulation behavior of hard alpha Ti.
Mammalian phylogeny: comparison of morphological and molecular results.

In an attempt to resolve the “bushy” part at the root of the eutherian tree, 182 nondental morphological characters from 100 species (79 extant and 21 extinct; 98 mammalian and 2 nonmammalian) were analyzed using two maximum-parsimony tree-building algorithms. Parallel analyses of 2,258 pairwise immunodiffusion comparisons with chicken antisera on 10 1 mammalian species and of amino acid sequence data of alpha and beta hemoglobins and other published protein sequences were also carried out. The morphological and molecular phylogenies agree in depicting the infraclass Eutheria as consisting of five major clades (thus resolving part of the “bush”). Rates of evolution were also found to be similar in the two types of phylogenies.
The study of pathology and living systems theory

The study of pathology is informed by living systems theory (LST). The power of LST to inform that study rests not in the volume of its coverage but, rather, in the conceptual location of the definition of pathology vis-a-vis the definitions of fundamental ideas. The connectivity of the concepts of pathology, steady state, adjustment processes, critical subsystems, and levels of living systems position pathology among the most basic (and most widely applicable) concepts of LST. Pathology is discussed in the context of those concepts and the connectivity among them. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new technique to elevate night time growth hormone release and a potential growth hormone feedback control loop

Abstract A new technique for controllable elevation of night time growth hormone (GH) release in adult humans involves a synergy between oral intake of the naturally occurring compounds acetyl-L-carnitine (500 mg) and L-ornithine (25–100 mg) taken at night time sleep after a 3 to 4 hour fast. The set point for normal hypothalamic GH release appears to include a ‘whole body’ mitochondrial State 3 status ‘feed back loop’ controlled by systemic acetyl- L-carnitine levels.
On optimal and suboptimal policies in the choice of control forces for final-value systems

A simple control system whose state variable x n is described by the difference equation (1) is considered. x n+l = α x n +r n +v n , n = 1, 2 ...N , o 1, v1 (x;p) is the optimal control force when there remains only one chance of exerting control forces. Hence, the suboptimal policyof a l w w - plying control forces as if onLx one more erxor correction is possible may be expected to.be cl=se t-oLh2 o-t!mal pohcy in minimizing E(x$). The control fzrce vi .(x;.p) is IiKear ii-~ x Gd-p d me-mti-mal policy. The behavior of X, is investigated by assuming the control forces are given by the suboptimal policy. This approximate analysis should be good in view of the agreements between the optimal and suboptimal policies. It is important to realize that if the adoption of a suboptimal policy results in a simplified mechanization of the optimal control forces, with only a slight reduction in the system performance, then the suboptimal policy might be optimal in a certain enlarged performance index. What seems to be the most desirable approach to engineering problems is a unified o r well-integrated one where the analytical and computational algorithms are used to supplement each other. In this paper, an attempt is made to illustrate the point, presenting at the same time a new approach to analysis and synthesis of a certain class of control systems.
Confidence-weighted linear classification

We introduce confidence-weighted linear classifiers, which add parameter confidence information to linear classifiers. Online learners in this setting update both classifier parameters and the estimate of their confidence. The particular online algorithms we study here maintain a Gaussian distribution over parameter vectors and update the mean and covariance of the distribution with each instance. Empirical evaluation on a range of NLP tasks show that our algorithm improves over other state of the art online and batch methods, learns faster in the online setting, and lends itself to better classifier combination after parallel training.
Structural organization of the bovine gene for the heart/muscle isoform of cytochrome c oxidase subunit VIa

The bovine gene for the nuclear-encoded heart/muscle isoform of cytochrome c oxidase subunit Via (COX6A1) was isolated from a library of bovine genomic DNA in lambda EMBL3 and sequenced. The gene spans 760 bp and comprises three exons and two small introns. Exon 1 encodes a 193 bp 5' untranslated region, a 12 amino acid presequence, and the first 12 amino acids of the mature COX Via protein. Exon 2 encodes amino acids 13 to 58, and exon 3 amino acids 59 to 85 plus the 35 bp 3' untranslated region. Exons 2 and 3 are separated by a small intron of only 96 bp. All exon-intron boundaries matched the consensus splice junction sequences. COX6A1 transcripts are present in RNA from bovine heart but not brain. Primer extension and ribonuclease protection assays were used to map the 5' ends of COX6A1 transcripts in heart; both methods identified several clusters of transcription initiation sites, indicating that COX6A1 mRNA is heterogeneous at the 5' end. The proximal 5' flanking region is AT-rich and contains potential basal promoter elements, such as TATA and CCAAT boxes, associated with tissue-specific genes. A single consensus binding site for the muscle-specific transcription factor, MyoD1, was also located within this AT-rich region. The distal promoter region contained a perfect AP4 site plus potential binding sites for enhancer elements (NRF-1, Mr1, Mt3, and Mt4) proposed to regulate expression of genes for mitochondrial proteins.
Sex-determining region Y-box 2 expression predicts poor prognosis in human ovarian carcinoma

Sex-determining region Y-box 2 is proposed to be a key transcription factor in embryonic stem cells. The known roles of sex-determining region Y-box 2 in development and cell differentiation suggest that it is relevant to the aberrant growth of tumor cells. Thus, sex-determining region Y-box 2 may play an important role in tumor progression. However, its clinical significance in human ovarian carcinoma has been uncertain until recently. The aim of the present study was to clarify the clinical role of sex-determining region Y-box 2 expression in ovarian carcinoma. Immunohistochemical staining of 540 human ovarian carcinoma samples for sex-determining region Y-box 2 was performed using tissue microarray. The associations among sex-determining region Y-box 2 expression and clinical factors (diagnosis, tumor grade, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, and response to chemotherapy), overall survival, and disease-free survival were analyzed. We observed sex-determining region Y-box 2 expression in 15% of the ovarian carcinoma samples. Use of the Fisher exact test suggested that sex-determining region Y-box 2 expression was associated with high-grade carcinoma (P = .009), especially high-grade serous carcinoma (P = .048); International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage (II-IV; P = .005); and malignant mixed mullerian tumors (P = .048). Sex-determining region Y-box 2 expression was also associated with decreased disease-free survival durations (P = .035; log-rank test). Our results showed that sex-determining region Y-box 2 expression may be a potential marker related to tumor recurrence, as implicated by its role in cancer stem cells.
1 $/f$ Noise of Sb-Heterostructure Diodes for Pre-Amplified Detection

The 1/f noise of a series of Sb-heterostructure diodes with varying area has been measured. Standard power law formulas for the frequency and voltage dependence were found adequate to summarize the data. An inverse dependence of voltage noise spectral density on the area was determined, consistent with the simple resistor model. Simulations using the noise formula predict that pre-amplification gain in the 30 to 35 db range can produce a sub-1degK noise equivalent temperature difference in realistic imaging cameras
Human territorial behavior: the role of interaction distance in therapeutic interventions.

Book reviewed in this article: Interaction distance is viewed as “action language” that reveals the individual's schemata for organizing interpersonal behavior. This “silent language” is learned, initially, outside the learner's awareness and may, therefore, be socially disfunctional. Implications for therapy are reviewed, and suggestions are made for using this non-verbal communication in the therapeutic process.
Kernel-based visual servoing

Traditionally, visual servoing is separated into tracking and control subsystems. This separation, though convenient, is not necessarily well justified. When tracking and control strategies are designed independently, it is not clear how to optimize them to achieve a certain task. In this work, we propose a framework in which spatial sampling kernels - borrowed from the tracking and registration literature - are used to design feedback controllers for visual servoing. The use of spatial sampling kernels provides natural hooks for Lyapunov theory, thus unifying tracking and control and providing a framework for optimizing a particular servoing task. As a first step, we develop kernel-based visual servos for a subset of relative motions between camera and target scene. The subset of motions we consider are 2D translation, scale, and roll of the target relative to the camera. Our approach provides formal guarantees on the convergence/stability of visual servoing algorithms under putatively generic conditions.
Amiodarone-induced myxedema coma - a case and review of the literature.

A 69-year-old Caucasian woman was brought to the emergency room (ER) from a skilled nursing facility where nursing staff had noticed jerking movements of her arms and legs. These movements began about 2 months previously, involved all four extremities and had worsened in the last 5 days. Her past medical history was significant for Wegener's vasculitis, end stage renal disease on hemodialysis, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea. Her medications included aspirin, warfarin, gabapentin, amiodarone (200 mg/day), midodrine (with hemodialysis), prednisolone, metoprolol succinate, citalopram, alprazolam, oxycodone-acetaminophen, fluticasone, loratadine and a Lidoderm patch. Her family history was negative for any neurological diseases, coronary artery disease or cancers. She had been staying at the nursing home for the last 2 months as part of rehabilitation after she had fallen and sustained fractures of her ribs and compression fractures of thoracic vertebrae. At the time of presentation, the patient was afebrile (36.7°C), normotensive (110/53 mm Hg), in normal sinus rhythm (60/min) and borderline tachypneic (20/min) saturating 95% on 3 liters of oxygen (baseline oxygen requirement). She was alert and oriented to time, place and person and verbalizing normally. She was noted to have asynchronous jerking movements involving her face and all four extremities. The patient denied any fevers, chills, nausea, abdominal pain, dysuria or diarrhea. The patient was admitted to the medicine floor for investigation of myoclonic jerks. About 3 h later, the patient was noted to be stuporous and non-verbalizing. The jerking movements were noted to be continuing. She was noted to be hypothermic (oral temperature 35.7°C), in sinus bradycardia (heart rate 46/min), mildly hypertensive (blood pressure 144/61 mm Hg) and tachypneic (respiratory rate 20/min).
Self-Assembly of Aβ(10-35)-PEG Block Copolymer Fibrils

{beta}-sheet secondary structure is energetically dependent not only on the H-bonding interactions between individual strands, but also on the ability of the resulting sheet to twist, bulge, and fold into multifaceted macromolecular conformations. Consequently, amino acid propensities have proven to be highly context-dependent, greatly complicating the design of peptides and proteins rich in {beta}-structure. Most problematic, however, are the intermolecular interactions which compromise solubility, the infamous feature of the many amyloid diseases. The authors have exploited the energetics of self-association of amyloid peptides in the construction of a block copolymer consisting of the central domain from the {beta}-amyloid peptide conjugated with poly(ethylene glycol) at the C-terminus, 1. This paper uses small angle neutron scattering (SANS) and electron microscopy (EM), to demonstrate the location and disposition of the PEG block to be on the surface of the fibril, ensuring the solubility of the fibrillar copolymer.
Record High Single-Ion Magnetic Moments Through 4fn5d1 Electron Configurations in the Divalent Lanthanide Complexes [(C5H4SiMe3)3Ln]−

The recently reported series of divalent lanthanide complex salts, namely [K(2.2.2-cryptand)][Cp'3Ln] (Ln = Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm; Cp' = C5H4SiMe3) and the analogous trivalent complexes, Cp'3Ln, have been characterized via dc and ac magnetic susceptibility measurements. The salts of the complexes [Cp'3Dy](-) and [Cp'3Ho](-) exhibit magnetic moments of 11.3 and 11.4 μB, respectively, which are the highest moments reported to date for any monometallic molecular species. The magnetic moments measured at room temperature support the assignments of a 4f(n+1) configuration for Ln = Sm, Eu, Tm and a 4f(n)5d(1) configuration for Ln = Y, La, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er. In the cases of Ln = Ce, Pr, Nd, simple models do not accurately predict the experimental room temperature magnetic moments. Although an LS coupling scheme is a useful starting point, it is not sufficient to describe the complex magnetic behavior and electronic structure of these intriguing molecules. While no slow magnetic relaxation was observed for any member of the series under zero applied dc field, the large moments accessible with such mixed configurations present important case studies in the pursuit of magnetic materials with inherently larger magnetic moments. This is essential for the design of new bulk magnetic materials and for diminishing processes such as quantum tunneling of the magnetization in single-molecule magnets.
Model-based estimation of pulmonary compliance and resistance parameters from time-based capnography

We propose a highly-simplified single-alveolus mechanistic model of lung mechanics and gas mixing that leads to an analytical solution for carbon dioxide partial pressure in exhaled breath, as measured by time-based capnography. Using this solution, we estimate physiological parameters of the lungs on a continuous, breath-by-breath basis. We validate our model with capnograms from 15 subjects responding positively (>20% FEV 1 drop from baseline) to methacholine challenge, and subsequently recovering with bronchodilator treatment. Our results suggest that parameter estimates from capnography may provide discriminatory value for lung function comparable to spirometry, thus warranting more detailed study.
Parallel FETI-DP algorithm for efficient simulation of large-scale EM problems

An efficient parallelization of the dual-primal finite-element tearing and interconnecting FETI-DP algorithm is presented for large-scale electromagnetic simulations. As a nonoverlapping domain decomposition method, the FETI-DP algorithm formulates a global interface problem, whose iterative solution is accelerated with a solution of a global corner problem. To achieve a good load balance for parallel computation, the original computational domain is decomposed into subdomains with similar sizes and shapes. The subdomains are then distributed to processors based on their close proximity to minimize inter-processor communication. The parallel generalized minimal residual method, enhanced with the iterative classical Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization scheme to reduce global communication, is adopted to solve the global interface problem with a fast convergence rate. The global corner-related coarse problem is solved iteratively with a parallel communication-avoiding biconjugate gradient stabilized method to minimize global communication, and its convergence is accelerated by a diagonal preconditioner constructed from the coarse system matrix. To alleviate neighboring communication overhead, the non-blocking communication approach is employed in both generalized minimal residual and communication-avoiding biconjugate gradient stabilized iterative solutions. Three numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the accuracy, scalability, and capability of the proposed parallel FETI-DP algorithm for electromagnetic modeling of general objects and antenna arrays. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimal Supply Water Temperature Control of Water Source Heat Pump

The water loop supply water temperature is the most critical control parameter for operating energy cost in water source heat pump systems. In this paper, the impact of the water loop temperature on operating energy cost is investigated for different types of buildings under different loads using theoretical models. The theoretical models and approaches are also applied to an 80,000 square feet office building to determine the building heating and cooling load, optimal supply water temperature, and potential energy cost savings based on measured supply water temperature and loop heat gain. It is concluded that the optimal supply water temperature control can significantly reduce the annual energy costs associated with compressor power and boiler energy. The potential energy savings is determined to be 24% in the application building.Copyright © 2005 by ASME
Paraneoplastic syndromes for the primary care physician.

SUMMARY To summarize, we have reviewed the major endocrine, hematologic, neurologic, dermatologic, and miscellaneous paraneoplastic syndromes. These entities are of great importance to the primary care physician because, when recognized, they can permit early diagnosis of the neoplasm. Further, treatment can afford palliation of symptoms. We can expect more definite identification of the causes of the paraneoplastic syndromes in the future because more of the substances that are released by tumors will be identified and analyzed. We need to watch with anticipation for the development of specific treatments for the paraneoplastic syndromes as the causes are identified.
Effects of annealing temperature on morphology and thickness of samarium electrodeposited thin films

Abstract Electroplated depositions of Sm were prepared using a vertical well-type electrodeposition unit with an aqueous ammonium acetate electrolyte system, with an average deposition yield just over 87%. The depositions were analyzed for morphology and thickness by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and chemical composition by energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) before and after firing. The depositions were fired at 125–700 °C, while varying the heating rate from 0.5 to 10 °C/min in either an oxidizing or reducing atmosphere. A heating rate of 10 °C/min was slow enough to prevent disruption of the deposition morphology during firing. A gas sweep enhanced the removal of any organic substituents, with an oxidizing environment being more advantageous than a reducing environment.
Why Have the Rabble not Redistributed the Wealth? On the Stability of Democracy and Unequal Property

In economically developed capitalist countries, personal and household wealth are distributed quite unequally.1 At the same time, these countries are marked by democratic forms of government, which allow their citizens to redistribute both income and wealth through various taxes and expenditure programmes.2 The question thus arises as to why the overwhelming majority of citizens, who collectively possess a very modest share of these societies’ stocks of wealth, do not use the political power conferred on them by democratic institutions to distribute more property to themselves.
Live and carcass values from different cattle types.

Slaughter steers and heifers (n = 345) were selected representing the following cattle types: English steers and heifers, Exotic steers and heifers, less than 50% Bos indicus steers and heifers, greater than or equal to 50% Bos indicus steers, and Holstein steers. Thirty sides representing 30 carcasses from each cattle type were fabricated into boneless subprimals and trimmed to three fat-trim levels: 2.54, 1.27, and .64 cm. Yields of cuts to each trim level were used to calculate values for each carcass component. Live values were calculated after slaughter and fabrication costs and drop credits were considered. Values were calculated for U.S. Choice and U.S. Select grades and the weighted average value accounting for the Choice/Select mix for each cattle type. At a constant quality level, fatter cattle types were more valuable at the 2.54 cm of fat-trim level. As fat was trimmed, the leaner cattle types became more valuable and the fatter types became less valuable. Cattle types with higher percentages of Choice carcasses were more valuable at the 2.54 cm of fat-trim level, but when subprimals were trimmed to .64 cm, the lower-grading carcasses became closer in value due to cutability advantages.
Molecular and Cellular Pathogenesis of Cherubism

Study of rare genetic disorder often provides fundamental insights into the pathology of common diseases. Cherubism is a rare craniofacial disorder in children characterized by the destruction of maxillary and mandibular bones due to expansile fibrous inflammatory lesions. Genetic study of cherubism families discovered that gain-of-function mutations in the signaling adaptor protein SH3BP2 are responsible for cherubism. Analysis of the mouse model revealed that cherubism is an autoinflammatory disorder that is caused by dysregulated signaling pathway mediated by toll-like receptors and spleen tyrosine kinase. Recent study of the SH3BP2-deficient mice showed that SH3BP2 plays important roles in bone resorption in mouse models of inflammatory arthritis. These results establish SH3BP2 as a key player in the osteoimmune system beyond its role in a rare inherited disorder and suggest that the signaling pathway mediated by SH3BP2 is involved in the pathogenesis of common inflammatory bone diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.
The reliability of lumbar motion palpation using continuous analysis and confidence ratings: choosing a relevant index of agreement.

Introduction Most studies show motion palpation unreliable. This study's primary objective was assessing its reliability using a continuous measure methods, most-fixated level paradigm, stratified by examiners' confidence; and the secondary objective was comparing various indices of examiner agreement. Methods Thirty-four minimally symptomatic participants were palpated in side posture by two experienced examiners. Interexaminer differences in identifying the most-fixated level and degree of examiner confidence were recorded. Indices of agreement were: Intraclass correlation coefficient, Mean and Median Examiner Absolute Examiner Differences, Root-Mean-Square Error and Bland-Altman Limits of Agreement. Results Three of four reliability indices (excluding intraclass correlation) suggested on average examiners agreed on the most fixated motion segment, and agreement increased with confidence. Statistical measures of data dispersion were low. The analyses of subgroups were "fragile" due to small sample size. Discussion Although subject homogeneity lowered ICC levels, the other reliability measures were not similarly impacted. Continuous measures statistical analysis demonstrates examiner agreement in situations where discrete analysis with kappa may not. Conclusion Continuous analysis for the lumbar most-fixated level is reliable. Future studies will need a larger sample size to properly analyze subgroups based on examiner confidence.
Vein graft intimal hyperplasia: leukocytes and cytokine gene expression.

Background. Intimal hyperplasia (IH), a cause of early graft failure, may be regulated by leukocyte-elaborated cytokines. We investigated leukocyte infiltration and cytokine gene expression in vein grafts. Methods. Epigastric vein to femoral artery grafts were performed in Lewis rats and harvested on day 4 and weeks 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12. Neointimal areas were measured by computerized planimetry. Immunoperoxidase staining identified for macrophages, CD4+, CD8+, major histocompatibility complex class II+ cells