cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Recent Books on Judaism

Baeck's “Wesen des Judentums” first appeared in 1905, in the notable series issued by the Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Wissenschaft des Judentums, a modest brochure of 167 pages. In the new edition it has grown to nearly double its original size. The conception of the task, general plan of the work, and method of treatment remain unchanged; but within this framework it is largely a new book. Especially the second part, on the Ideas of Judaism, has been completely rewritten and greatly expanded, giving evidence throughout of recurrent occupation with the subject and maturing reflection. The book is written primarily for Jewish readers, but I know of no book to which any one who seriously wants to know what Judaism is to those who know it best can more confidently be sent for an answer. The author gives neither a history nor a theology — still less an apology — but an exposition and an appreciation of the character of the religion, and of its constitutive ideas, under the heads, Faith in God, and Faith in Men (ourselves, others, mankind as a whole), concluding with a chapter on the Maintenance of Judaism. The treatment is marked by philosophic breadth and insight, combined with a fine art of presentation. One whose calling requires him to read many books, and who has suffered more than his due from authors who seem to think that their reputation or the importance of their matter licenses them to write in a prose that neither gods, men, nor publishers ought to tolerate, may be pardoned for emphasizing his appreciation of a volume which he has read not only with profit but with delight.
The influence of product-placement type & exposure time on product-placement recognition

This study examines the extent to which product-placement type and exposure time explain the rate at which viewers recognise brand names affiliated with product placements in films. The results support the industry practice of classifying product placements into creative and on-set, since placement type has a significant impact on viewer recognition, even when the measure of viewer recognition is adjusted for the effects of false recognition. The effect of exposure time attained by product placement on viewer recognition is moderated by product-placement type. The theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.
RESEARCH ON THE INTEGRATION PLOT FOR BOREHOLE PATH AND STRATIGRAPHIC SECTION AND LOGGING CURVE

Based on the mathematical theory of analytical geometry of three dimensions and computer graphics, the paper does some important research on the integration plot for well track and stratigraphic section and borehole log.A set of application program compiled by VB6.0 language has been successfully applied to realize the integration plot and bring out the three-dimensional contact relation between well track and formation visually. Meanwhile, the plot has endued the well track with 3D geologic information and logging information. Through the interpretation for substantive practical material, it proves that the program is useful and 3D visualization plot powerful. The conclusion of the study offers researcher some effectual help to carry out geologic parameter interpretation and geosteering of wireline logging or logging while drilling for horizontal well and high angle deviated hole.
Overview of the treatment of binge eating disorder

We performed a qualitative review of treatment studies of binge eating disorder (BED), focusing on randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Limited effectiveness has been demonstrated for self-help strategies, and substantial effectiveness has been shown for cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal therapy (IPT). CBT and IPT may each be more effective than behavior weight loss therapy (BWLT) for reducing binge eating over the long term. The stimulant pro-drug lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) is the only drug approved by the FDA for the treatment of BED in adults based on 2 pivotal RCTs. Topiramate also decreases binge eating behavior, but its use is limited by its adverse event profile. Antidepressants may be modestly effective over the short term for reducing binge eating behavior and comorbid depressive symptoms, but are not associated with clinically significant weight loss. A RCT presented in abstract form suggests that intranasal naloxone may decrease time spent binge eating. There is no RCT of obesity surgery in BED, but many patients with BED seek and receive such surgery. While some studies suggest patients with BED and obesity do just as well as patients with obesity alone, other studies suggest that patients with BED have more post-operative complications, less weight loss, and more weight regain. This evidence suggests that patients with BED would benefit from receiving highly individualized treatment.
Statin Effects to Reduce Hepatosteatosis as Measured by Computed Tomography in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Hepatosteatosis is highly prevalent among patients living with human immunodeficiency virus. In a 1-year, randomized, double-blind trial of atorvastatin or placebo, atorvastatin increased liver/spleen ratio among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, indicating a reduction in hepatosteatosis. This reduction in hepatosteatosis is associated with reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with statin therapy.
The action of bryostatin on normal human hematopoietic progenitors is mediated by accessory cell release of growth factors.

Since enrichment of human bone-marrow hematopoietic progenitors is becoming more feasible and since purified growth factors are now available, we sought to study the action of growth factors on CD34- positive enriched cultures of human bone-marrow cells. We tested the effect of recombinant human (rh) granulocyte-macrophage colony- stimulating factor (GM-CSF), rh interleukin-3 (IL-3), or a unique biologic response modifier, bryostatin 1, on the growth of purified CD34 cells obtained by limiting dilution in single-cell cultures. We have shown previously that bryostatin 1 stimulates both myeloid and erythroid progenitors of human origin in vitro. In this study both IL-3 and GM-CSF supported colony formation from 500, 100, or single-cell cultures at equivalent plating efficiences, suggesting a direct action of these factors on hematopoietic cell growth. Conversely, bryostatin 1 did not support the growth of CD34 cells in single-cell cultures, and the cloning efficiency increased with increasing the number of cells in the culture. To test whether the indirect action of bryostatin 1 might be mediated through the production of growth factors by accessory cells, studies were performed using antibodies directed against human IL-3 and GM-CSF in culture with bryostatin 1 and normal human bone- marrow cells. Results are consistent with the hypothesis that bryostatin 1 could have a stimulatory effect on the accessory cell populations to produce either IL-3 or GM-CSF. Further support for this notion was obtained by demonstrating that T cells, which are cells known to be able to produce IL-3 and GM-CSF, are stimulated by bryostatin 1 to express messenger RNA (mRNA) for specific growth factors, including GM-CSF. These results provide further support that bryostatin 1 may be a useful clinical agent to stimulate hematopoiesis in vivo.
Application of Imaging and Other Noninvasive Techniques in Determining Adipose Tissue Mass

In vivo adipose tissue quantification is an important tool to characterize phenotypes of obesity, especially in the human. The amount and distribution of adipose tissue is associated with many of the adverse consequences of obesity. Recent studies suggest that adipose tissue is not a single homogeneous compartment. Regional adipose tissue depots vary in biological functions and individual adipose tissue compartments have stronger associations with metabolic conditions than does total adipose tissue mass. Currently there is intense and increasing interest in regional adipose tissue compartments. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging often are used to quantify adipose tissue volumes or cross-sectional adipose tissue areas. Other modalities, including dual-energy absorptiometry and magnetic resonance spectroscopy, provide whole-body or regional fat measures instead of adipose tissue mass quantification.
Cardioprotective actions of thromboxane receptor antagonism in ischemic atherosclerotic rabbits.

Atherosclerosis was induced in New Zealand White rabbits by feeding them a 0.5% cholesterol-enriched rabbit chow for 10–12 wk. Half of the cholesterol-fed rabbits were given BM 13505, a specific th...
The Inevitable Stigma for Childbearing-Aged Women in the Workplace: Five Perspectives on the Pregnancy-Work Intersection

The most commonly researched group of women of childbearing age are those who get pregnant and/or have young children in the workplace. Given employers’ anticipation that employees will invest the majority of their physical and psychological time and energy to their work (Greenberg et al. 2009), deviations from these expectations often result in negative perceptions of both male and female employees. But stigmatization toward childbearing-aged women is not just reserved for those who are pregnant. Childbearing women who, for a variety of reasons (e.g., choose not to, cannot physically have them), do not have any children (e.g., Lisle 1999) also face stigmatization. Similarly, recent evidence suggests that working women who choose to have only one child also face a barrage of inappropriate questions and associated stigmatization (e.g., Lombino 2011; Zamora 2012). This chapter takes a broad approach to examining the intersection of pregnancy and the workplace by examining five different groups of childbearing-aged employees: women who are not pregnant and do not ever plan to have children (Group 1), women who are not pregnant but plan to have children (Group 2), women who are currently pregnant with their first child (Group 3), women who are currently pregnant and already have at least one child (Group 4), and women who have at least one child and do not plan to have any more children (Group 5). For each group of women, we provide descriptive statistics and a content analysis of items asking them about their biggest worries, advice to past-selves, and how successful they have been at attaining their goals.
Recent Philosophy of Biology: A Review

Academia is subdivided into separate disciplines, most of which are quite discrete. In this review I trace the interactions between two of these disciplines: biology and philosophy of biology. I concentrate on those topics that have the most extensive biological content: function, species, systematics, selection, reduction and development. In the final section of this paper I touch briefly on those issues that biologists and philosophers have addressed that do not have much in the way of biological content.
Origami Solar-Tracking Concentrator Array for Planar Photovoltaics

Solar-tracking concentrators can potentially lead to low-cost photovoltaic modules that minimize the use of costly semiconductor materials by improving optical collection and coupling. However, solar concentrators and accompanying trackers have proven to be expensive, bulky, and heavy, thereby resulting in increased balance-of-system costs. Here we demonstrate a lightweight and low-profile, and potentially low-cost planar solar-tracking concentrator based on the ancient Japanese art of origami. The tightly packed hexagonal concentrator and tracker arrays are fabricated by cutting and folding thin reflecting sheets that capture and direct concentrated light onto a small, high-efficiency GaAs solar cell. The tracker enables single-axis solar tracking via a simple one-dimensional translational motion of an actuator with minimal energy expense (∼2.9 J/m2/day). Further, we demonstrate stable operation over 10 000 cycles. The solar concentrated cell achieves a 450% increase in diurnal energy output compared wit...
Cache-Protecting Behavior of Food-Hoarding Animals

Food-hoarding can be distinguished from other types of foraging by two criteria: after capturing or collecting prey, an animal engaged in food-hoarding (1) defers consumption of the prey and (2) handles the prey to conserve it for future use. This period of deferment may be only a few hours (e.g., Cowie, Krebs & Sherry 1981) to as long as several years (e.g., M.C. Smith 1968). Handling, in this context, encompasses preparation, transportation, placement, and concealment of food items. Handling behavior varies greatly among food-hoarding animals and is influenced by the kind of food stored. The terms “storing” and “caching” are here considered synonymous with hoarding.
Understanding the Landscape of Psychosocial Intervention Practices for Social, Emotional, and Behavioral Challenges in Youth with ASD: A Study Protocol.

ABSTRACTIntroduction: There is a significant gap between research and practice for mental health services for youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Despite increased numbers of individuals with ASD treated in community settings, little is known about the array of practices used with this population and the extent to which providers are aware of and use evidence-based strategies. The goal of this article is to describe a protocol for developing a more comprehensive understanding of the landscape of current intervention practices and attitudes regarding the treatment of psychosocial issues in youth with ASD in community settings within the United States. Methods: This article describes our research protocol for developing a comprehensive survey—the Usual Care for Autism Survey (UCAS)—to capture the depth and breadth of practices for youth with ASD and attitudes of community-based providers. Phase 1 will involve a comprehensive review of published literature to identify intervention practices for social...
Creative writing and the limits of Naming What We Know: threshold concepts from aesthetic theory and creativity studies in the literary writing curriculum

ABSTRACTThe aesthetic tradition and the interdisciplinary field of creativity studies offer threshold concepts that can help us to reimagine what we teach in literary writing studies. This article points to what is left out of current discussions of ‘writing studies’ and articulates how creative writing pedagogy may be a nexus for the intersection of multiple frameworks for thinking about production.
The electrically evoked compound action potential: From laboratory to clinic

The electrically evoked compound action potential (eCAP) represents the synchronous firing of a population of electrically stimulated auditory nerve fibers. It can be directly recorded on a surgically exposed nerve trunk in animals or from an intra-cochlear electrode of a cochlear implant. In the past two decades, the eCAP has been widely recorded in both animals and clinical patient populations using different testing paradigms. This paper provides an overview of recording methodologies and response characteristics of the eCAP, as well as its potential applications in research and clinical situations. Relevant studies are reviewed and implications for clinicians are discussed.
Historical Background and Evolution in Male Sling Surgery

It is estimated that approximately 22.6 million men are affected by urinary incontinence and 8.2 million have moderate to severe incontinence [1]. Pure stress urinary incontinence (SUI) accounts for only a subset (12.5%) of these patients, yet it remains a substantial problem. In the era of robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy, the incidence of 12 months of urinary incontinence varies between 4 and 31%. Of these, only 6–9% of men are bothered enough to elect surgical treatment for their incontinence [2, 3]. There has been an evolution in the surgical procedures for the management of post-prostatectomy incontinence over the years. Only few show promise and continue to be in use at present time. Male sling procedures remain a alternative option for mild to moderate incontinence while artificial urinary sphincter continues to enjoy its gold standard status.
Growth in Social Network Connectedness among Different Roles in Organizational Crowdfunding

When employees participate in organizational crowdfunding, they seek partial funding from their existing social networks. Among proposers of projects, teams with larger social networks tend to be more successful in reaching their funding goals. However, little is known about the consequences of participation on employees' social networks, during and after the crowdfunding campaign. In a study of activity logs and social networks from a very large scale organizational crowdfunding campaign, we found that people in different crowdfunding roles experienced different degrees of growth in their social networks, during and after the crowdfunding campaign, as compared with baseline nonparticipants. These findings contribute to previous work on the strongly social nature of crowdfunding. Organizations can use these results to increase the density of their internal social networks. Employees can use these results to strategize their participation in workplace social networks and in organizational innovation.
What cooperating music teachers say about educative mentoring: A focus study research project:

In this study, we examine and provide a framework for “educative mentoring” by investigating five cooperating music teachers’ experiences and strategies of serving as mentors to student teachers. D...
The role of next-generation sequencing in the differential diagnosis of composite neoplasms

Composite neoplasms (CNs) are rare and diagnostically challenging lesions that require differentiating between mixed clonal tumors with divergent phenotypes (MT), collision of 2 independent tumors adjacent to each other (CT), and tumor-to-tumor metastasis (TTM). To that end, pathologists have traditionally used immunohistochemistry and limited molecular studies, such as Sanger sequencing. Herein we evaluate the potential application of NGS in the differential diagnosis of these rare neoplasms. Four CNs were included in the study. Two were diagnosed as MT (mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma of the gallbladder and metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma with squamous dedifferentiation) and 2 were interpreted as TTM (esophageal adenocarcinoma to lung adenocarcinoma and small cell carcinoma of the lung to meningeal melanoma). Diagnoses were made using clinical, histologic, and immunophenotypic information, with the aid of limited molecular studies in 2 cases. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue was dissected for DNA and RNA extraction, and NGS was performed using the Oncomine Comprehensive Panel. The 2 tumors initially interpreted as MT showed shared genetic aberrations in the different neoplastic components, supporting the pathologic diagnosis. NGS results for the lesion diagnosed as esophageal adenocarcinoma metastatic to lung adenocarcinoma did not support the histopathologic interpretation and were deemed inconclusive. However, the identification of an identical CDKN2A mutation in all components and in the adjacent benign lung parenchyma suggests a possible germline aberration. Sequencing results in the last case were clearly supportive of TTM. This study illustrates the role of NGS in the diagnostic workup of CNs, as an adjunct to light microscopy and immunohistochemistry.
Atomic and Molecular Ionization Dynamics in Strong Laser Fields: From Optical to X-rays

Abstract We review the progress made over the past 15 years in understanding and exploiting the physical scaling of strong-field atomic processes. These advances were enabled by theory and experiment, but this chapter focuses on the understanding gained by two significant advancements in technology: intense, ultrafast mid-infrared, and X-ray sources. Examining investigations that utilize mid-infrared lasers, we discuss the consequences of a several new phenomena: wavelength scaling of photoelectron energy, a universal low-energy structure in the photoelectron distribution, the ultrafast imaging of the photoelectrons momentum distributions, and multiple ionization. In October 2009, the world’s first X-ray free-electron laser [Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS)] became operational at SLAC National Laboratory in Menlo Park, California. The LCLS peak power exceeds the performance of previous X-ray sources by 5–6 orders of magnitude. In this review, we discuss some of the initial findings and the implications for future investigations of strong-field nonlinear processes at X-ray frequencies.
ILyAD (Indolent Lymphoma and Vitamin D): A phase III double blind, prospective randomized trial to evaluate the supplemental effect of vitamin D on progression-free survival in patients with low tumor-burden indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma treated with rituximab therapy.

TPS7587Background: Follicular lymphoma (FL) is the most prevalent lymphoma in the US. Though outcomes have improved substantially, this disease is characterized by an incurable clinical course requ...
Selling the French Past, Selling Wine, and Erasing Labor from Terroir

ABSTRACTWhile the word terroir was used sparsely in wine literature dating back to the Middle Ages, our current approach to the term is largely a result of debates that began in France in the early...
Updating the Jovian Electron Plasma Environment

Reanalysis of the plasma science (PLS) experiments on the Voyagers (~10 eV to ~5 keV) and Galileo (~1 to ~50 keV) has refined our understanding of the electron environment responsible for spacecraft charging at and near the Jovian moon Europa. The low-energy 1–50-keV environment measured by the Galileo PLS has previously been at best poorly defined as the PLS electron data were found to have been contaminated by high-energy electrons. To address this issue, the raw PLS data have been reanalyzed orbit by orbit and detector by detector. The results indicate that the Voyager and the Galileo spectra, previously fit by the Maxwell–Boltzmann distributions, may be better fit by a more complex combination of Maxwell–Boltzmann plus kappa or a polynomial. The new spectra derived from the Voyager and Galileo PLS instruments are presented for a range of applicability from ~8 to ~40 Rj.
Masculinity Threat, “Incel” Traits, and Violent Fantasies Among Heterosexual Men in the United States:

The current study aims to shed light on how masculinity threat and challenges from women translate into fantasies of mass and gender-based violence. These attitudes are evident among some self-proc...
Non-infectious Complications of Common Variable Immunodeficiency: Updated Clinical Spectrum, Sequelae, and Insights to Pathogenesis

Non-infectious complications in common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) have emerged as a major clinical challenge. Detailed clinical spectrum, organ-specific pathologies and associated sequelae from 623 CVID patients followed in New York since 1974 were analyzed, and recent insights to pathogenesis were reviewed. Non-infectious manifestations were present in 68.1% of patients, and they do not tend to be present in isolation. They include autoimmunity (33.2%), chronic lung disease (30.3%), lymphoid hyperplasia/splenomegaly (20.9%), liver disease (12.7%), granulomas (9.3%), gastrointestinal disease (7.3%), lymphoma (6.7%), and other malignancies (6.4%). In the lungs, interstitial disease and bronchiectasis were the most common findings, with lymphoma at this site being a rare (n = 6), but serious, manifestation. Bronchiectasis was not a prerequisite for the development of interstitial disease. In the liver, granulomas and nodular regenerative hyperplasia were the most common. Gastrointestinal disease may affect any segment of the intestinal tract, with lymphoid infiltrations and villous blunting being the leading histologic findings. With progression of organ-specific diseases, a wide spectrum of associated sequelae was observed. Lymphoma was more common in females (P = 0.036)-all B cell types except in one subject. Solid organ transplantations (liver, n = 5; lung, n = 4; combined lung and heart, n = 2) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (for B cell lymphoma, n = 1) have rarely been performed in this cohort, with mixed outcomes. Recent identification of monogenic defects, in ~10-30% of various CVID cohorts, has highlighted the molecular pathways that can affect both antibody production and broader immune regulation. In addition, cellular defects in both innate and adaptive immune systems are increasingly recognized in this syndrome.
Chapter 7 – Gastrotricha

Publisher Summary This chapter examines the ecology and classification of gastrotricha, with focus on those found in the North America. Gastrotrichs are among the most abundant and poorly known of the freshwater invertebrates. They are nearly ubiquitous in the benthos and periphyton of freshwater habitats, with densities typically in the range of 100,000–1,000,000 per m2. Nonetheless, the remarkable life cycle of freshwater gastrotrichs was worked out only recently, and almost nothing is known about how the distribution and abundance of these animals are controlled in nature. The impact of freshwater gastrotrichs on their food resources or freshwater ecosystems has not yet been investigated. Gastrotrichs usually are now considered to constitute a phylum of their own. The evolutionary placement of gastrotrichs is unclear. The phylum contains two orders: Macrodasyida, which consists almost entirely of marine species, and Chaetonotida, containing marine, freshwater, and semiterrestrial species. Twelve genera and fewer than 100 species of freshwater gastrotrichs are now known from North America.
Studies of the potential-curve-crossing problem. III

Using a previously developed semiclassical theory of electronic excitations, the cross sections that result from potential-curve crossings are calculated for a model system. The phenomena appearing in the differential cross sections are displayed and discussed.
Stomal recurrence of cervical cancer after pelvic exenteration

Abstract Parastomal recurrence of carcinoma is rare and has never previously been reported after a pelvic exenteration. We present a case report of a young patient who was diagnosed with cervical cancer and required a multidisciplinary approach to perform a pelvic exenteration resulting in urostomy and colostomy creation. Postoperatively, she developed an early recurrence of cancer solely on her ostomy site, requiring return to the operating room for excision. This has previously never been reported in the literature and is likely from direct implantation of the tumor, similar to port site tumors.
Decentralized Finance and Regulation: Enhancing the Role of Innovative Techniques Through Regulation

In enhancing the role of innovative techniques which involve the use of distributed ledger technology platforms, consequences or implications of such techniques could initially focus on more obvious risks – such as those risks associated with financial stability, inadequate governance and control mechanisms in place, or cybercrime. However, consideration of climate risk related factors have increasingly made the aim of focus towards a sustainable future, a more popular and increasingly justified topic. In a recent report by the European Environmental Agency, it was highlighted that “ in comparison with alternative payment methods, Bitcoin was claimed to be 20,000 times more energy intensive than Visa – with an energy consumption for each Bitcoin transaction increasing to 635 kWh – an equivalent of electricity that could power approximately 21 US households for 1 day, based on 2019 estimates according to some analysts.” However there are also potential benefits to be derived from blockchain technology - one of which includes environmental protection, as further highlighted in the report. Notwithstanding, efforts and endeavors will still be required to address climate related impacts of engaging the use of such technologies. This paper will focus on other risks – as well as benefits to be derived through the use of innovative techniques such as smart contracts and decentralized finance in a rapidly evolving financial landscape. It will also highlight why central bankers and financial regulation have to adapt and evolve rapidly in engaging the use of supervisory techniques which will not only enhance the efficiency of the use of such innovative techniques but also facilitate an adequate and well balanced approached to regulation – one which whilst not overly regulating technology, seeks to ensure that the abuse or misuse of such technologies are appropriately regulated.
The Systems and Synthetic Biology of Auxin

Auxin biology as a field has been at the forefront of advances in delineating the structures, dynamics, and control of plant growth networks. Advances have been enabled by combining the complementary fields of top-down, holistic systems biology and bottom-up, build-to-understand synthetic biology. Continued collaboration between these approaches will facilitate our understanding of and ability to engineer auxin's control of plant growth, development, and physiology. There is a need for the application of similar complementary approaches to improving equity and justice through analysis and redesign of the human systems in which this research is undertaken.
Spatial dependence and determinants of conservation easement adoptions in the United States.

Abstract A conservation easement is a market-based instrument for environmental protection. It has achieved rapid growth in the United States over the past few decades. As of 2015, 1.75% of the country's total land was placed under the restriction of conservation easements. In this study, spatial dependence in adopting conservation easements in the United States and the underlying determinants are examined through a spatial econometric model. The spatial panel data covers 50 individual states and six five-year intervals from 1990 to 2015. The findings reveal that spatial correlation in adopting conservation easements across individual states has become stronger over the study period, and the indirect spillover effect for most covariates is as high as one-third of the total effect. In addition, conservation easements have been utilized to protect threatened or strained natural resources. Populations with higher income or better education generally have helped the development of conservation easements. Government programs and policies favoring conservation easements also have positive impacts on easement adoption. These results can aid policymakers, landowners, and easement holders to efficiently allocate resources in acquiring conservation easements and managing currently eased land.
Survey of Early Dispute Resolution Movements and Possible Next Steps

This article surveys a set of early dispute resolution (EDR) movements in the courts and private dispute resolution that share common values but operate in different contexts. These movements promote the intentional exercise of responsibility for handling legal disputes from the outset of cases as opposed to passively allowing them to run their course, often out of inertia or habit. The movements include judges, court administrators, lawyers, and neutrals, and they deal with a wide range of civil cases such as family, garden-variety civil cases, and large complex cases. This article identifies EDR goals and limitations, and describes collaborative practice, cooperative practice, lawyering with planned early negotiation, litigation interest and risk assessment, early mediation, planned early dispute resolution systems, and possible next steps for EDR movements. It includes numerous links to resources with more information.
Artificial Intelligence Algorithm-Based Computed Tomography Images in the Evaluation of the Curative Effect of Enteral Nutrition after Neonatal High Intestinal Obstruction Operation.

In this study, CT image technology based on level set intelligent segmentation algorithm was used to evaluate the postoperative enteral nutrition of neonatal high intestinal obstruction and analyze the clinical treatment effect of high intestinal obstruction, so as to provide a reasonable research basis for the clinical application of neonatal high intestinal obstruction. 60 children with high intestinal obstruction treated in the hospital were selected as the research objects. Based on the postoperative enteral nutrition treatment, they were divided into control group (noncatheterization group)-parenteral nutrition support. In the observation group, gastric tube was placed through nose for nutritional support. Then, CT images based on level set segmentation algorithm were used to compare the intestinal recovery of the two groups, and the biochemical indexes and hospitalization were compared. The level set algorithm can accurately segment the lesions in CT images. The segmentation time of the level set algorithm was shorter than that of the traditional algorithm (24.34 ± 2.01 s vs. 75.21 ± 5.91 s), and the segmentation accuracy was higher than that of the traditional algorithm (84.71 ± 3.91% vs. 70.04 ± 3.71%, P < 0.05). The weight of children in the observation group (100 ± 7 g) was higher than that in the control group (54 ± 5 g), and the ICU monitoring time (12.01 ± 2.65 days) and the hospital stay (17.82 ± 3.11 days) were shorter than those in the control group (13.42 ± 2.95 days, 19.13 ± 3.22 days, all P < 0.05). The level set segmentation algorithm can accurately segment the CT image, so that the disease location and its contour can be displayed more clearly. Moreover, the nasal placement of jejunal nutrition tube can effectively improve the intestinal function of children, maintain the steady-state environment of intestinal bacterial growth, and significantly improve the clinical treatment effect, which is worthy of clinical application and promotion.
One-Dimensional Easy-Plane Magnets: Classical Sine-Gordon Theory or a Quantum Model?

A classical mechanics description of one-dimensional easy-plane ferro- and antiferromagnets predicts the existence of sine-Gordon kink excitations in these systems, for the case of a small applied field within the (“strong”) easy plane. Here we consider: i) the deviations from the sine-Gordon model, due to stronger fields or weaker anisotropy, which result in modified kink properties, including negative effective masses and kink-antikink annihilation and reflection during collisions, and, ii) equilibrium thermodynamics, especially specific heat, for quantum spin S = 1/2, and S = 1 models, comparing with the predictions of classical sine-Gordon theory and with available experimental results.
Derivative Dynamic Time Warping.

Time series are a ubiquitous form of data occurring in virtually every scientific discipline. A common task with time series data is comparing one sequence with another. In some domains a very simple distance measure, such as Euclidean distance will suffice. However, it is often the case that two sequences have the approximately the same overall component shapes, but these shapes do not line up in X-axis. Figure 1 shows this with a simple example. In order to find the similarity between such sequences, or as a preprocessing step before averaging them, we must "warp" the time axis of one (or both) sequences to achieve a better alignment. Dynamic time warping (DTW), is a technique for efficiently achieving this warping. In addition to data mining (Keogh & Pazzani 2000, Yi et. al. 1998, Berndt & Clifford 1994), DTW has been used in gesture recognition (Gavrila & Davis 1995), robotics (Schmill et. al 1999), speech processing (Rabiner & Juang 1993), manufacturing (Gollmer & Posten 1995) and medicine (Caiani et. al 1998).
Analysis of the Hyades giant stars epsilon and gamma Tau

Hyades giant stars epsilon and gamma Tau strong line profile analysis, obtaining effective temperatures
Complete Map and Identification of the Phosphorylation Site of Bovine Lens Major Intrinsic Protein

Purpose. To determine the complete primary structure, including posttranslational modifications, of bovine lens major intrinsic protein (MIP) using a recently developed combination of liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Methods. The MIP was isolated from bovine lenses by sucrose gradient centrifugation and was cleaved widi cyanogen bromide (CNBr). A high-performance liquid chromatographic system, developed for hydrophobic protein analysis, was used to separate the cleavage fragments. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization and electrospray tandem mass spectrometry were employed to obtain molecular weight and sequence data from bovine MIP CNBr fragments, directly or after subsequent digestion with trypsin. Results. The complete sequence of bovine MIP was mapped by molecular weight measurements of CNBr fragments, confirming the reported DNA sequence. The C-terminal peptide (177 to 263) was fully sequenced and the major site of phosphorylation was determined to be at serine 235 rather than at the previously reported serine 243. The level of phosphorylation in the native protein was determined to be 25%. No other posttranslational derivatizations were observed with the exception of the previously detected deamidation of asparagine 246. Conclusions. These results represent the first complete MIP sequence map at the amino acid level and identify the single major phosphorylation site at serine 235. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1997; 38:2508-2515.
Range identification for a perspective dynamic system with a single homogeneous observation

LILI MA∗, YANGQUAN CHEN∗, KEVIN L. MOORE∗∗ ∗ Center for Self-Organizing and Intelligent Systems (CSOIS) Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 4160 Old Main Hill Utah State University (USU), Logan, UT 84322–4160, USA e-mail: lilima@cc.usu.edu, yqchen@ece.usu.edu ∗∗ Research and Technology Development Center Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory M/S 2–236 11100, Johns Hopkins Road Laurel, MD 20723-6099, USA e-mail: kevin.moore@jhuapl.edu
Half-wave Plates for the Spider Cosmic Microwave Background Polarimeter

Spider is a balloon-borne array of six telescopes that will observe the Cosmic Microwave Background. The 2400 antenna-coupled bolometers in the instrument will make a polarization map of the CMB with ~degree resolution at 150 GHz and 95 GHz. Polarization modulation is achieved via a cryogenic sapphire half-wave plate (HWP) skyward of the primary optic. In this thesis, the design, construction, and lab testing of the HWP system are discussed. The polarization modulation of these optical stacks is modeled using a physical optics calculation and Mueller matrices. Performance tests in both the lab and integrated in the flight cryostat show consistency with the model.
The feminist challenge to neoclassical economics

This paper describes a feminist research agenda within economics, how some of the research priorities have been accommodated within neoclassical economics, and how others fundamentally challenge the neoclassical economic paradigm. There are three major challenges to neoclassical economics raised by feminists. First, women are invisible in much economic analysis and this situation needs to be remedied. Second, tests may be affected by educational, social, and economic institutions. We need a feminist model of endogenous preferences and to incorporate the endogeneity of preferences into welfare economic analysis and policy recommendations. Finally, institutional structures matter and deserve careful analysis. (c) 1993 Academic Press, Inc. Copyright 1993 by Oxford University Press.
What Goes Around . . . : Some Shtick from “Tricky Dick” and the Circulation of U.S. Presidential Image

Modern U.S. presidential persona is based on “message,” that is, on creating and sustaining a publicly imaginable “character” with biography and moral profile built around and projectable in relation to issues under current debate. Controlling “message” depends on the success of directed circulation of verbal and pictorial signs, among them narrative reports and images of presidential doings that join electoral politics and government uneasily and warily—or, in some eras and circumstances, comfortably and reliably—to the media institutions of news reportage and opinion-shaping on the functioning of which the political order in democratic polities depends. Through the analysis of a news article reporting one remarkable—and seemingly revealing—incident during the presidency of Richard M. Nixon, and its circulatory fate, we can gain insight into the vicissitudes of “message”—as of any entextualized semiotic form—as it traverses the socio-spatiotemporal realm in which it is shaped. [circulation, semiotics, presidential image, entextualization]
CEKKILAR’S PERIYAPURANAM AND THE STORY OF KARAIKKAL AMMAI

This article is a translation of the story of the life of Karaikkal Ammai, a sixth century saint poet of India. Her story has received considerable attention in the Tamil Saiva religious hagiography Cekkilar’s “Periyapuranam” which is a Hindu devotional text often referred to as the fifth Veda. It contains the lives of the 63 saints of the Tamil land. The story of Karaikkal Ammai is unique even in the bhakti movement since she is the only woman saint poet who transcends gender to attain the divine union with the Lord. This is a humble translation made by me in poetic form since most of the translations have been made in prose and also because Cekkilar’s original composition was in a poetic form.
MACHINING OF CORTICAL BONE: SURFACE TEXTURE, SURFACE INTEGRITY AND CUTTING FORCES

Cutting, drilling and reaming of human bone are conducted in total joint replacement procedures and the placement of dental implants. In the current study orthogonal machining of cortical bone was performed and the cutting and thrust forces, as well as the machined surface quality, were evaluated over a range of osteon orientations and cutting conditions. Results showed that cutting perpendicular to the osteons resulted in the highest machining forces, largest surface roughness and extensive sub-surface damage for some parametric conditions. The average surface roughness of the machined bone ranged from 1 μm to over 70 μm, was largest for positive rake angle tools and increased with the depth of cut. There was no correlation between the cutting forces and machined surface quality. While negative rake angle tools resulted in the largest cutting forces, they provided the lowest surface roughness and highest apparent surface quality. Overall, the results show that orthogonal cutting of bone can result in nea...
Isoenzymes of monoamine oxidase in human skeletal muscle

Abstract Human pectoralis muscle homogenate was found to contain both the A and B forms of monoamine oxidase. The monoamine oxidase in human skeletal muscle was found to be 90% type B and 10% type A. Thus, the specific activity of monoamine oxidase in muscle homogenates was higher for benzylamine than for serotonin.
Improved crosstalk avoidance codes based on a novel pattern classification

The crosstalk delay associated with global on-chip interconnects becomes more serious in deep submicrometer technology, and hence can greatly affect the overall system performance. Based on a delay model proposed by Sotiriadis et al., crosstalk avoidance codes (CACs) have been proposed to alleviate the crosstalk delays by restricting the patterns transmitted on the interconnects. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of these CACs is limited by some drawbacks of the model by Sotiriadis et al. In this paper, we first propose a new classification of transition patterns based on a 5-bit bus, and then provide a method to design CACs with our classification. To illustrate our method, we present a crosstalk avoidance code which achieves a smaller worst-case delay than existing CACs.
Migration and internalization of cells and polystyrene microspheres in tumor cell spheroids

Abstract The movement and internalization of 3H-labelled cells and of inert polystyrene microspheres within multicellular spheroids has been examined through histological sectioning and autoradiography. EMT6 and RIF-1 spheroids were cultured in spinner flasks for approx. 2.5 weeks. At this time, 3H-labelled cells and/or microspheres were allowed to adhere to the spheroid surface. Microspheres, 3H-labelled RIF-1 monolayer cells and 3H-labelled EMT6 monolayer cells were observed to move centripetally as a wave into EMT6 spheroids. In contrast, 3H-labelled trypsinized RIF-1 and EMT6 spheroid cells became mixed with the other non-labelled spheroid cells in homotypic RIF-1 and EMT6 spheroids, respectively. Reduction of spheroid growth by maintaining the spheroids at room temperature and by treatment with 2500 rads irradiation did not prohibit the internalization of 3H-labelled EMT6 cells and microspheres in EMT6 spheroids.
Lymphovascular space invasion is an independent risk factor for nodal disease and poor outcomes in endometrioid endometrial cancer

Abstract Objective Adjuvant radiotherapy improves local control but not survival in women with endometrial cancer. This benefit was shown in staged patients with "high intermediate risk" (HIR) disease. Other studies have challenged the need for systematic staging including lymphadenectomy. We sought to determine whether LVSI alone or in combination with other histologic factors predicts lymph node (LN) metastasis in patients with endometrioid endometrial cancer. Methods A retrospective review was conducted of patients with endometrioid endometrial carcinoma who had confirmed presence/absence of LVSI and clinicopathologic data necessary to identify HIR criteria. Kaplan–Meier curves were generated and univariate and multivariate analyses performed as appropriate. Results We identified 757 eligible patients and 628 underwent systematic lymphadenectomy for staging purposes. In the surgically staged group, 242 (38%) patients met uterine HIR criteria and 196 (31%) had LVSI. Both HIR and LVSI were significantly associated with LN metastasis. Among the HIR positive group, 59 had LN metastasis (OR 4.46, 95% CI 2.72–7.32, P P P P Conclusions HIR status and LVSI are highly associated with LN metastasis. These features are useful in assessing risk of metastatic disease and may serve as a surrogate for prediction of extrauterine disease.
Effect of clonal senescence on low density lipoprotein-receptor activity of bovine arterial endothelial cells

Senescent and young bovine arterial endothelial cells derived from the same parental cell clone were compared to test the effect of in vitro endothelial cell senescence on low density lipoprotein (LDL) and modified LDL-receptor activities. Low density lipoprotein binding and degradation were both increased in cells that underwent a larger number of population doublings, whereas acetyl LDL binding and degradation were unchanged. The increased LDL-receptor activity associated with endothelial cell senescence remained significant after variation of cell number among senescent and young clones was taken into account. Thus, aging endothelial cells seem capable of continuing to process LDL and modified LDL, which could play a role in the arterial wall changes that occur with age in vivo.
Formaldehyde Damage to DNA and Inhibition of DNA Repair in Human Bronchial Cells

Cultured bronchial epithelial and fibroblastic cells from humans were used to study DNA damage and toxicity caused by formaldehyde. Formaldehyde caused the formation of cross-links between DNA and proteins, caused single-strand breaks in DNA, and inhibited the resealing of single-strand breaks produced by ionizing radiation. Formaldehyde also inhibited the unscheduled DNA synthesis that occurs after exposure of cells to ultraviolet irradiation or to benzo[a]pyrene diolexpoxide but at doses substantially higher than those required to inhibit the resealing of x-ray-induced single-strand breaks. Therefore, formaldehyde could exert its mutagenic and carcinogenic effects by both damaging DNA and inhibiting DNA repair.