cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Mediators of Attachment Style, Social Support, and Sense of Belonging in Predicting Woman Abuse by African American Men

Recent studies have focused on attachment and related variables to explain partner abuse. These studies have not included significant numbers of African American men. Path analysis was used to examine the relationship between interpersonal relatedness (i.e., attachment, social support, and sense of belonging) as mediated by affect (hopelessness and depression) to explain abusive behaviors in African American men arrested for partner abuse. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires from a convenience sample of 69 African American men 18 to 69 years of age. The strongest effect was from sense of belonging in predicting severity-weighted frequency of physical, psychological, and sexual abuse. Preoccupation with closeness had a negative direct effect on severity-weighted frequency of sexual abuse. Hopelessness and depression did not act as mediators. Implications for further research are discussed.
Telomere dysfunction and cell survival: Roles for distinct TIN2-containing complexes

Telomeres are maintained by three DNA-binding proteins (telomeric repeat binding factor 1 [TRF1], TRF2, and protector of telomeres 1 [POT1]) and several associated factors. One factor, TRF1-interacting protein 2 (TIN2), binds TRF1 and TRF2 directly and POT1 indirectly. Along with two other proteins, TPP1 and hRap1, these form a soluble complex that may be the core telomere maintenance complex. It is not clear whether subcomplexes also exist in vivo. We provide evidence for two TIN2 subcomplexes with distinct functions in human cells. We isolated these two TIN2 subcomplexes from nuclear lysates of unperturbed cells and cells expressing TIN2 mutants TIN2-13 and TIN2-15C, which cannot bind TRF2 or TRF1, respectively. In cells with wild-type p53 function, TIN2-15C was more potent than TIN2-13 in causing telomere uncapping and eventual growth arrest. In cells lacking p53 function, TIN2-15C was more potent than TIN2-13 in causing telomere dysfunction and cell death. Our findings suggest that distinct TIN2 complexes exist and that TIN2-15C–sensitive subcomplexes are particularly important for cell survival in the absence of functional p53.
Regulation of GTP hydrolysis prior to ribosomal AUG selection during eukaryotic translation initiation

Genetic studies in yeast have shown that the translation initiation factor eIF5 plays an important role in the selection of the AUG start codon. In order to ensure translation fidelity, the hydrolysis of GTP bound to the 40S preinitiation complex (40S·Met-tRNAi·eIF2·GTP), promoted by eIF5, must occur only when the complex has selected the AUG start codon. However, the mechanism that prevents the eIF5-promoted GTP hydrolysis, prior to AUG selection by the ribosomal machinery, is not known. In this work, we show that the presence of initiation factors eIF1, eIF1A and eIF3 in the 40S preinitiation complex (40S·eIF1·eIF1A·eIF3·Met-tRNAi·eIF2·GTP) and the subsequent binding of the preinitiation complex to eIF4F bound at the 5′-cap structure of mRNA are necessary for preventing eIF5-promoted hydrolysis of GTP in the 40S preinitiation complex. This block in GTP hydrolysis is released upon AUG selection by the 40S preinitiation complex. These results, taken together, demonstrate the biochemical requirements for regulation of GTP hydrolysis and its coupling to the AUG selection process during translation initiation.
Chronic Treatment with Beta Adrenergic Agonists and Antagonists Alters the Composition of Proteins in Rat Parotid Saliva

This investigation was undertaken to determine the role of β-adrenergic receptors in the regulation of the protein composition of rat parotid saliva. Chronic treatment of rats with dobutamine, a β1-adrenergic agonist, resulted in changes in parotid saliva volume, protein concentration, and composition which were essentially the same as those changes which occurred following chronic treatment with isoproterenol, a non-specific β-adrenergic agonist. Chronic treatment with the β2-adrenergic agonist, terbutaline, had no effect on parotid saliva volume, protein concentration, or composition. Chronic treatment of rats with a β1-adrenergic antagonist, metoprolol, had different effects on saliva dependent on the manner by which the drug was delivered. Twice-daily injections of metoprolol led to a decrease in flow rate, but protein concentration and composition were unaltered. When metoprolol was delivered by surgically implanted osmotic mini pumps, neither the flow of parotid saliva nor its concentration of prote...
Stepwise Progress in Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor/Radiation Studies for Head and Neck Cancer

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval of four new epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors for cancer therapy (cetuximab, panitumumab, gefitinib, and erlotinib) over the last 3 years is a remarkable milestone in oncology. Indeed, molecular inhibition of EGFR signaling represents one of the most promising current arenas for the development of molecular-targeted cancer therapies. Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors from both the monoclonal antibody and tyrosine kinase inhibitor class have demonstrated clinical activity in the treatment of a broad spectrum of common human malignancies. For the discipline of radiation oncology, the 2006 report of a phase III trial demonstrating a survival advantage for advanced head and neck cancer patients with the addition of weekly cetuximab during a 7-week course of radiation is particularly gratifying. Indeed, this is the first phase III trial to confirm a survival advantage with the addition of a molecular-targeted agent to radiation. Furthermore, this result seems to have been achieved with only a modest increment in overall treatment toxicity and with very high compliance to the prescribed treatment regimen. Nevertheless, much remains to be learned regarding the rational integration of EGFR inhibitors into cancer treatment regimens, as well as methods to optimize the selection of patients most likely to benefit from EGFR inhibitor strategies.
An easy, rapid method to isolate RPE cell protein from the mouse eye.

The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is essential for maintaining the health of the neural retina. RPE cell dysfunction plays a critical role in many common blinding diseases including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy, retinal dystrophies. Mouse models of ocular disease are commonly used to study these blinding diseases. Since isolating the RPE from the choroid has been challenging, most techniques separate the RPE from the retina, but not the choroid. As a result, the protein signature actually represents a heterogeneous population of cells that may not accurately represent the RPE response. Herein, we describe a method for separating proteins from the RPE that is free from retinal and choroidal contamination. After removing the anterior segment and retina from enucleated mouse eyes, protein from the RPE was extracted separately from the choroid by incubating the posterior eyecup with a protein lysis buffer for 10 min. Western blot analysis identified RPE65, an RPE specific protein in the RPE lysates, but not in choroidal lysates. The RPE lysates were devoid of rhodopsin and collagen VI, which are abundant in the retina and choroid, respectively. This technique will be very helpful for measuring the protein signal from the RPE without retinal or choroidal contamination.
A Dynamic Ecological Framework for Differentiating the Primary Curriculum.

Primary classrooms today comprise students with many different backgrounds, experiences and needs and educators are challenged to differentiate the curriculum within these diverse educational ecolo...
Optimal Partial-Discrete Algorithm for Time-Delay Estimation

In this paper, the partial discrete model is applied to the problem of time-delay estimation. Specifically, the cascade form is outlined, although a direct form exists. The direct form [1] is an elegant vector space approach to the problem, but is hindered by the fact that it is difficult to implement because matrix elements are in an integral, rather than closed, form. The cascade form arrives at the same result as the direct form and is easily implemented. This paper will demonstrate why this algorithm is superior to conventional methods, and will also show under what conditions the algorithm degenerates into these other methods. Finally, astep-by-step outline is presented for implementation of the cascade form.
The effect of estradiol infusion on uterine activity and peripheral levels of prostaglandin F and progesterone.

Abstract In sheep, labor is preceded by a sequential increase in fetal adrenocorticotropic hormone, a rise in fetal cortisol secretion, an increase in estrogens and prostaglandin F 2α , and a decline in progesterone. With recognition of this series of events in sheep, the present study was designed to investigate the effect of estradiol infusion on uterine activity and peripheral levels of prostaglandin F and progesterone in pregnant women at term. Five normal women at term and 4 women with pre-eclampsia at term were given from 400 μg to 200 mg. of estradiol-17β by infusion over 2 to 4 hours. Peripheral plasma levels of estradiol, prostaglandin F, and progesterone were measured by radioimmunoassay. During the estradiol infusion, 8 of the 9 patients developed mildly painful uterine contractions which lasted 30 to 40 seconds and occurred at 3 to 7 minute intervals. Estradiol levels increased appropriately beyond base line. No significant change was noted in progesterone or prostaglandin F levels in any patient, although all patients except one developed an increase in uterine activity.
Influence of mancozeb fungicides, chlorothalonil, manganese and zinc on bentgrass color and disease incidence

ABSTRACT Manganese (Mn) and Zinc (Zn) are important plant mi-cronutrients involved in chlorophyll synthesis, photosynthesis, various enzyme systems, and possibly auxin synthesis. Mancozeb-containing fungicides deliver small quantities of manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) to turf as part of their active ingredient. This field study determined that two mancozeb-containing fungicides, Fore 80 WP and 4 Flowable Mancozeb, increased leaf tissue levels of Mn and Zn in Penncross' creeping bentgrass (Agrosiis stoloniferoits Huds.) more than Daconil Ultrex (a chlorothalonil fungicide) having Mn and Zn added to it, or foliarly applied Mn/Zn with or without a spreader-binder (Latron CS-7). Turf color improved through the use of all fungicide treatments, as well as with the use of Mn/Zn. The Mn/Zn solution without the spreader-binder was as effective as Fore 80 WP in reducing dollar spot (Sclerotinia homoeocar-pa F.T. Bennett) infection, and was better than 4 Flowable Mancozeb. The Mn/Zn solution, with or without Latron CS...
Optical limiters with carbon 60 and carbon 70

The recent development of a high yield synthetic method for production of macroscopic pure C60 and c70 has spurred the investigation of their properties.1 To investigate their optical limiting potential, we measured the optical response of methylene chloride and toluene solutions of C60 and C70, to 8-ns, 532 nm optical pulses. Optical limiting was observed in all cases and thresholds were substantially lower than for other comparable optical limiter materials.
Prevention through immunization: new opportunities or end of the road?

I consider it a special honor to be invited to give the lecture to commemorate the 74th birthday of Dr. Maxwell Finland. It was never my privilege to work at the Harvard Medical Unit at Boston City Hospital in those years from 1932 to 1972, when there was associated with Dr. Finland such an outstanding group of clinical investigators in infectious diseases, but I have had surrogate mentors who were associates of Dr. Finland, such as Dr. John Dingle. So I claim some right, tenuous though it may be, to be numbered among those who have been a member of the Max Finland school. I am sure Dr. Finland does not recall the first time we met. It was in 1950 at a Commission
Terahertz ISAR and x-ray imaging of wind turbine blade structures

During the manufacture of wind turbine blades, internal defects can form which negatively affect their structural integrity and may lead to premature failure. The purpose of this research was to conduct preliminary testing of nondestructive evaluation techniques that have the potential to scale up to larger areas. The techniques investigated were: Terahertz frequency fully-polarimetric inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR), and x-ray imaging. The terahertz ISAR technique employed standard polarimetric radar cross-section processing, and additionally applied an optimized polarimetry transformation known as the Euler transformation. Also, image back-rotation and compositing algorithms were used to combine multiple ISAR images into a single image to aid in defect detection. ISAR data were collected using a frequency modulated continuous wave 100 GHz radar system. The x-ray technique utilized a commercial airport cargo x-ray scanner. Multiple fiberglass samples with defects representative of manufacturing wind turbine blade defects were investigated using each of the techniques. Out-of-plane defects and resin dry patches were the primary defects of interest in these samples. Images were created of each sample using each of the techniques. Comparing these images with defect diagrams of the samples indicated that these techniques could effectively indicate the presence of certain defects.
Exploring the Job Satisfaction of Municipal Clerks

Using data from a survey of municipal clerks across the United States, this research tests a model of job satisfaction for municipal employees based on research by Ellickson and Logsdon (2001). The...
Cytotoxicity of cytokine induced killer cells on CD_(34)~+ leukemic cells of G_0 phase in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia

OBJECTIVE: To study cytotoxicity of cytokine induced killer (CIK) cells against CD_ 34 + leukemic cells of G_0 phase in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia(CML).METHODS:The samples were from peripheral blood of five patients with CML. The expression of various surface markers were assayed with flow cytometry. CIK cells were analyesd for chromosomal abnormalities by using the G-banding technique. CML CD_ 34 + cells from bone marrow were enriched by positive immunomagnetic. After cultured in absence of growth factors and AO staining, the cytotoxicity of CIK cells against CD_ 34 + cells in G_0 phase were examinated by flow cytometry.RESULTS:The percentage of CD_3+ cells reached (97.29±3.55)%. After 3 weeks culture the CD_3+CD_ 56 + cells of CIK cells increased, reaching a peak of 356 fold that of the starting CD_3+CD_ 56 + cell numbers. When CIK cells derived from patients with chromosomal abnormalities were analysed for 20 metaphase,they were all normal karyotype.The cytotoxicity of CIK cells against G_0 stem cells was 66.73%. The numbers of CFU-GM colonies from the control group and experiment group were 150±16 and 145±20, P=0.38; the numbers of BFU-E colonies from the two groups were 68±5 and 65±8, P=0.23.CONCLUSIONS:It is possiple to expand CIK cells obtained from peripleral blood of patients with CML. CIK cells are derived from normal lymphocytes.CIK cells can inhibit G_0 CD_ 34 + leukemic cells, without comprising donor stem cells, which suggests that adopted immune therapy with CIK cell can be an efficient method to eliminate G_0 phase of CD_ 34 + leukemic cells.
Sontaneous and Response Stochastic Dynamics of Saccular Hair Cells

Sensory hair cells of the auditory and vestibular systems detect mechanical stimuli and convert them into electrical signals. Bullfrog saccular hair cells are very sensitive to low frequency mechanical stimuli, and capable of detecting seismic displacements as low as few Angstroms. This high sensitivity is attributed in part to the underlying active mechanism that manifests itself in the spontaneous activity of the hair bundle. The somatic membrane potential plays a crucial role in shaping the spontaneous and response properties of the hair cell. We use modeling and approaches from nonlinear dynamics to study how the interaction between the hair bundle mechanics and the somatic membrane potential affects the detection capabilities and the active mechanism of the hair cell. Modeling results will be compared with in vitro recordings from the bullfrog saccular hair cells.
Abstract LB-364: Natural history of age-related lobular involution and impact on breast cancer risk

Background: Age-related lobular involution (LI) is a physiological process in which the terminal duct lobular units of the breast regress as a woman ages. Analyses of breast biopsies from women with benign breast disease (BBD) have found that extent of LI is negatively associated with subsequent breast cancer development. Here we assess the natural course of LI within individual women, and the impact of progressive LI on breast cancer risk. Methods: The Mayo Clinic BBD cohort consists of 13,455 women with BBD from 1967-2001. The BBD cohort includes 1115 women who had multiple benign biopsies, 106 of whom had developed breast cancer. Within this multiple biopsy cohort, the progression of the LI process was examined by age at initial biopsy and time between biopsies. The relationship between LI progression and breast cancer risk was assessed using standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and by Cox proportional hazards analysis. Results: Women who had multiple biopsies were younger age and had a slightly higher family history of breast cancer as compared with the overall BBD cohort. Extent of LI at subsequent biopsy was greater with increasing time between biopsies and for women age 55+ at initial biopsy. Among women with multiple biopsies, there was a significant association of higher breast cancer risk among those with involution stasis (lack of progression, HR 1.63) as compared with those with involution progression, p = 0.036. Conclusions: The multiple biopsy BBD cohort allows for a longitudinal study of the natural progression of LI. The majority of women in the multiple biopsy cohort showed progression of LI status between benign biopsies, and extent of progression was highest for women who were in the perimenopausal age range at initial biopsy. Progression of LI status between initial and subsequent biopsy was associated with decreased breast cancer risk. Citation Format: Derek Radisky, Daniel W. Visscher, Ryan Frank, Robert A. Vierkant, Stacey J. Winham, Melody L. Stallings-Mann, Tanya L. Hoskin, Aziza Nassar, Celine M. Vachon, Lori A. Denison, Lynn C. Hartmann, Marlene H. Frost, Amy C. Degnim. Natural history of age-related lobular involution and impact on breast cancer risk. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-364.
The Deep Origin and Recent Loss of Venom Toxin Genes in Rattlesnakes.

The genetic origin of novel traits is a central but challenging puzzle in evolutionary biology. Among snakes, phospholipase A2 (PLA2)-related toxins have evolved in different lineages to function as potent neurotoxins, myotoxins, or hemotoxins. Here, we traced the genomic origin and evolution of PLA2 toxins by examining PLA2 gene number, organization, and expression in both neurotoxic and non-neurotoxic rattlesnakes. We found that even though most North American rattlesnakes do not produce neurotoxins, the genes of a specialized heterodimeric neurotoxin predate the origin of rattlesnakes and were present in their last common ancestor (∼22 mya). The neurotoxin genes were then deleted independently in the lineages leading to the Western Diamondback (Crotalus atrox) and Eastern Diamondback (C. adamanteus) rattlesnakes (∼6 mya), while a PLA2 myotoxin gene retained in C. atrox was deleted from the neurotoxic Mojave rattlesnake (C. scutulatus; ∼4 mya). The rapid evolution of PLA2 gene number appears to be due to transposon invasion that provided a template for non-allelic homologous recombination.
Modal characterization of nanophotonic waveguides for atom trapping

Nanophotonic waveguides are a promising platform to trap cold atoms using red-and blue-detuned evanescent-field optical dipole forces. The asymmetric structure of integrated waveguides leads to a large birefringence that is not encountered in cylindrically symmetric optical nanofibers. We have studied both theoretically and experimentally the modal properties and suitability of silicon nitride rib waveguides for cold-atom trapping. The dependence of the modal effective index on the rib width is explored experimentally by measuring beat lengths between propagating modes. These measurements are made using a novel spatial Fourier analysis technique based on conventional far-field imaging of elastic scattering from the waveguide. We find that the beat length between the lowest order TE00 and TM00 modes is approximately 5µm, in excellent agreement with numerical calculations. We propose to take advantage of this birefringence and mode structure to create novel, one-dimensional periodic trapping potentials for atoms within the evanescent field of the waveguide.
Generalization of the Tolman electronic parameter: the metal–ligand electronic parameter and the intrinsic strength of the metal–ligand bond

The catalytic activity of transition metal complexes (R)nM–L can be predicted utilizing the metal–ligand electronic parameter (MLEP) that is based on the local stretching force constant of the M-L bond. Vibrational spectroscopy is an excellent tool to accurately determine vibrational mode properties such as stretching frequencies. These correspond, because of mode–mode coupling, to delocalized vibrational modes, which have to be first converted into local vibrational modes, and their properties. Each bond of a molecule can be uniquely characterized by the local stretching force constant and frequency. The former is ideally suited to set up a scale of bond strength orders, which identifies weak M–L bonds with promising catalytic activity. It is shown how the MLEP replaces the TEP (Tolman Electronic Parameter), which is based on the CO stretching frequencies of a (CO)nM–L complex and which is now exclusively used in hundreds of investigations. However, the TEP is at best a qualitative parameter that suffers from relatively large mode–mode coupling errors and the basic deficiency of most indirect descriptors: They cannot correctly describe the intrinsic M–L bond strength via the CO stretching frequencies.
Motions and magnetic fields in quiescent prominences

An observed relation between line-of-sight velocities and the longitudinal component of the magnetic field in quiescent prominences is discussed. Weak fields in quiescent prominences are associated with large velocities determined from Doppler shifts of resolved emission knots and Doppler line widths measured in Ca ii K line. It is suggested that the observed irregular motions in prominences are driven by photospheric horizontal convection coupled by the prominence magnetic field. An energy flux of 3 × 105 ergs cm−2 sec−1 present in the form of Alfven waves in quiescent prominences is consistent with the observations.
Abstract TP226: Vertebral Artery Dissection is More Common Than Carotid Artery Dissection and More Difficult to Detect on Non-invasive Imaging

Background: Cervical artery dissections (CAD) are among the most common causes of stroke in young and middle-aged adults. In contrast to carotid dissections (CD) and anterior circulation ischemia, ...
Fat metabolism in higher plants. Beta-hydroxylation of fatty acids by a soluble preparation from maturing avocado mesocarp.

1. An avocado supernatant fraction converted fatty acids of medium chain length (C8–C12) into a polar product. 2. The product was identified as the β-hydroxy derivative of the substrate by g.l.c. and t.l.c. analysis. 3. For hydroxylation of the fatty acids, CoA, ATP and molecular oxygen were required. Acyl carrier protein gave some stimulation. The reaction took place with oxygen alone if acyl-CoA was the substrate. 4. Hydroxylation was maximal with decanoic acid but dodecanoic acid and octanoic acid were also very active. Acids of shorter or longer chain lengths were not hydroxylated. 5. NAD+ concentration caused complete inhibition at 0.5mm and may be an important control mechanism for the reaction in vivo. 6. The reaction was inhibited by iodoacetamide and by bipyridyl and carbon monoxide, indicating involvement of thiol and heavy metal groups.
Uncertain monitoring and modeling in a watershed nonpoint pollution program

Abstract Performance-based programs governing land use rely on environmental measurement, prediction, and assessment. Yet complex, nonlinear social and environmental change can lead to uncertainties in quantification and forecasting and create challenges for operationalizing programs. This research examines the roles that environmental monitoring and modeling uncertainty play in experimental land and water governance through an analysis of a regulatory water quality program in Wisconsin, USA. The case demonstrates how uncertainties in measurement and prediction of pollution runoff shape program design and participant perceptions. We draw on interviews, a survey, participant observation, and policy document analysis to illustrate how regulators and participants (including municipalities, sewerage treatment plants, farmers and nonprofit organizations) perceive and react to uncertainty. Because current and future water quality data are based largely on model estimates, but regulatory compliance will likely be based on measured in-stream outcomes, participants must evaluate potential risks of involvement. Stakeholders have relied on partnership building and legal modifications such as extended compliance timelines to reduce the risks associated with uncertainty. Experimentation under uncertainty led to sustained stakeholder dialogue, and an iterative process of deciding how monitoring and modeling should be used to track and prove program progress.
Glenoid Superior Labrum Anterior to Posterior (SLAP) Lesions

Glenoid superior labrum anterior to posterior (SLAP) lesions are a potential source of shoulder pain which may occur due to repetitive stress in overhead/throwing athletes or secondary to acute trauma. SLAP lesions are commonly associated with other shoulder pathology. Clinical examination includes evaluation for potential internal rotation deficits, glenohumeral instability, biceps-specific tests, dynamic shear tests, and evaluation for potential suprascapular neuropathy. MRI with contrast is the preferred diagnostic test, but accuracy is variable. Nonsurgical efforts may be attempted initially with arthroscopic examination of the superior labral/biceps complex being diagnostically definitive. Surgical treatment of SLAP tears depends on the type of tear present and patient-related factors.
Simulation in Surgery

Medical training has always relied upon the patient serving as the instruments of medical education. One way physicians are amending their training while keeping patient safety paramount is through simulation. This is a relatively new and emerging field with the aim to allow trainees to practice techniques and procedures in a controlled environment that does not jeopardize patient health. Within this chapter, the currently available simulators relevant to urology are explored. These simulators can be broadly divided into covering open, endoscopic, laparoscopic, and robotic surgery. It is our hope that by grouping the currently validated simulation options in one chapter, an educator may find simulators suitable for his or her practice and be able to implement them into surgical education.
Estimating Louisiana Crawfish Hatchery Production Function: An Application of Cobb-Douglas Production Function

It is an undeniable fact that the Louisiana Crawfish production over the years has been produced from wild habitats, mainly from the Atchafalaya River basin, which seems to be a factor of seasonality. Following the statistics of the total Crawfish production between 2004 and 2005 seasons, it was underscored that more than 82 million pounds of crawfishes were produced. Out of the 82 million capacity of crawfishes produced between 2004 and 2005, approximately 74 million pounds of Crawfishes were obtain from regular crawfish farms and more than 8 million pounds of crawfishes were harvested from natural habitats by the activities of approximately 1,100 fishermen. However, many of the crawfish farmers rely on natural reproduction system by unharnessed crawfish from the previous year or on mature crawfish that are stocked to produce young naturally. In addition, it is a fact that Crawfish aquaculture in the Louisiana State does not rely on hatchery system of operations. This has been a hindrance on the part of the crawfish farmers to stabilize the populating capacities of their ponds with crawfishes now (or currently) and in the near future. Therefore, this current study tends to model and investigate the Louisiana crawfish production with a control variable of hatching system by following the Cobb-Douglas production function/ theory. The study adopted a cross-sectional data collection procedure to sampled 320 crawfish farmers in the State of Louisiana with the help of Cluster random sampling technique. The study revealed that the engagement/involvement of crawfish farmers' in the hatchery system of production in the State of Louisiana are associated with the influence of labor cost and its availability; the cost of hatchery equipment; the size of the storage facility; initial estimation cost of capital; genetic effect of interbreeding; government regulation; and climatic conditions. The study recommended that the Louisiana State government and the other key stakeholders should do a frequent evaluation of the goals and performance of hatchery programs in a transparent manner to the benefit of the crawfish farmers, and also make available to the farmers with Federal and local government funds and expertise guidelines. Again, it was also recommended that policymakers should place a priority on research that will aid in developing solutions to potential problems and quantify factors affecting the relative reproductive success, and the long-term fitness of populations in order to influence the hatchery systems.
On a Problem of Persi Diaconis

A problem of Persi Diaconis is to construct a cyclic sequence s1s2,…, snwhose elements lie in the m-dimensional binary vector space, such that every d-dimensional subspace is spanned by precisely one subsequence of lengthd. Because the cyclic sequence has n subsequences of lengthdn must be the number of d-dimensional subspaces of the m-dimensional binary vector space, which is \(\frac{{\left( {2^m - 1} \right)\left( {2^m - 2} \right) \ldots \left( {2^m - 2^{d - 1} } \right)}} {{\left( {2^d - 1} \right)\left( {2^d - 2} \right) \ldots \left( {2^d - 2^{d - 1} } \right)}} \) This paper solves the case ofd = 2.
Modeling problems in magneto-optic recording

The magneto-optic (MO) disc is an emerging technology for the storage of digital data. One of the main advantages of this technology over conventional magnetic disc storage is its high storage density. This allows approximately 500 MBytes of information to be recorded on a single 5 inch diameter disc.
Book Review: Shannon Mattern, Code + Clay … Data + Dirt: Five Thousand Years of Urban Media:

Shannon Mattern, Code + Clay … Data + Dirt: Five Thousand Years of Urban Media. Minneapolis, MN and London: University of Minnesota Press, 2017, pp. 280, USD27, ISBN 978-1-5179-0244-5.
Abstract 817: Overcoming FGFRs-mediated drug resistance by inhibiting myristoylation of FRS2α

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)/fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signaling facilitates tumor initiation and progression. Although there are currently approved inhibitors and agents in clinical trials targeting FGFR kinase activity that show therapeutic benefit, over-expression and/or mutations of FGFRs eventually confer drug-resistance and bypass the mechanisms of kinase inhibitors in a variety of cancer types. We hypothesize that a compound blocks the myristoylation of FRS2α, thus suppressing its interaction with FGFRs or FGFRs drug resistant mutants (FGFRsDRM) and downstream proteins. As a result, it inhibits oncogenic signaling and tumor progression mediated by FGF/FGFRs or FGFRsDRM. The goal of this study is to investigate if the novel lead compound inhibits FGF/FGFRs oncogenic signaling and overcomes FGFRsDRM mediated drug resistance. We used CRISPR/Cas9 mediated gene knockout to demonstrate that FRS2α is essential for FGF/FGFR signaling. The myristoylation of FRS2α was detected by Click chemistry. Additionally, inhibition of cell proliferation, migration, invasion assays and cell cycle analysis were analyzed in numerous cancer cells. Prostate regeneration assay and xenograft tumor models were applied for in vivo studies. We demonstrate that loss of myristoylation of FRS2α, a scaffold protein key in FGFRs signaling, inhibits FGF/FGFRs-mediated oncogenic signaling and FGF10-induced tumorigenesis. Additionally, a previously synthesized myristoyl-CoA analog, B13, which targets the activity of N-myristoyltransferases, suppresses FRS2α myristoylation, and modulates the phosphorylation and localization of FRS2α at the cytoplasmic membrane. B13 exhibited an inhibitory effect on oncogenic signaling induced by wild type FGFRs and their drug resistant mutants (FGFRsDRM). The single agent or in collaboration with an FGFR inhibitor suppressed FGF induced wild type FGFR or FGFRDRM initiated PI3K and/or MAPK signaling, subsequently inhibiting cell proliferation and migration in a variety of cancer cell types by inducing cell cycle arrest. Finally, B13 significantly inhibited growth of xenograft tumors without pathological toxicity to the liver, kidney, or lung in vivo. Our study demonstrates that B13, a myristoyl-CoA analog, inhibits FGF/FGFR-mediated oncogenic signaling and tumor progression. This study provides a novel therapeutic approach for inhibiting cancer progression mediated by FGF/FGFRs and their drug resistant mutants. Citation Format: Houjian Cai, Qianjin Li. Overcoming FGFRs-mediated drug resistance by inhibiting myristoylation of FRS2α [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 817.
Tending to Ourselves, Tending to Each Other: Nurturing Feminist Friendships to Manage Academic Lives

This chapter explores how two feminist academics and close collaborators have tried to navigate the patriarchal hierarchies of traditional academic spaces. We unpack how those relational ways of knowing and being in the world have supported our living as women in academic worlds, how we have together navigated the pressures that discourage collaboration, and how those pressures affect us individually and as partners. Our epistemology of friendship empowers us to disrupt the institution and explore what that looks like in our day-to-day experiences as women, mothers, academics, friends, sisters, daughters, and teachers. It is important to consider our epistemology of friendship as means of resistance that sustains ourselves and our partnerships and within sometimes oppressive institutions.
Risk of serious infection with mTOR inhibitors everolimus and temsirolimus in the treatment of cancer: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

2604 Background: Everolimus and temsirolimus are inhibitors of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and utilized in the treatment of a variety of cancers. The use of mTOR inhibitors is associated ...
Association Between Government Health Insurance Status and Physical Activity in American Youth.

BACKGROUND Health insurance plans provide health programming access and affect physical activity levels in American youth, leading to health disparities in American children. The primary purpose of the current study was to investigate the relationship between health insurance status and physical activity level in American youth. METHODS A national, United States census weighted cross-sectional survey was performed analyzing 2002 noninstitutionalized children living in the United States between the ages of 10 to 18 years, equally split by age and sex, with state of residency and race/ethnicity proportional to the 2010 census distribution. Multiple linear regression was performed to investigate the relationship between insurance status and activity level (measured by HSS Pedi-FABS activity score) while controlling for relevant demographic and socioeconomic covariables. RESULTS HSS Pedi-FABS activity scores were normally distributed with a mean of 15.4±8.5 points (of 30 possible points). Patients with an insurance status of "government/Medicaid," "other," or "none" each demonstrated significantly lower physical activity scores (14.2±8.5 vs. 13.6±9.0 vs. 10.1±8.5) than children with private insurance (16.5±8.2) (one-way ANOVA with Dunnett-adjusted pairwise comparisons, P<0.001), which remained statistically significant while controlling for Area Deprivation Index, age, gender, race/ethnicity, and Body Mass Index (β=-1.8, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Government/Medicaid health insurance status and lack of health care coverage are associated with low levels of physical activity in American children, even while controlling for socioeconomic confounders. Collaborative work between health care providers and community/ school-based programs may be a reasonable approach to expanding access to recreation, organized sports, and physical activity for publicly and uninsured children. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II-Prognostic Study.
Enrichment of potentially toxic elements in the fine fraction of soils from Iraq and Kuwait

The fine fraction of soils in arid and semi-arid regions can be readily suspended into the atmosphere by winds and transported long distances, carrying potentially toxic elements (PTEs) associated with these source materials. In this study, environmentally available PTE loadings for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn were measured in the fine fraction (< 75 μm) of 19 bulk soil samples collected in 2007 from 4 sites in Iraq and 15 sites in Kuwait. Soil samples were mechanically sieved and particle size distribution in the fine fraction was measured using laser diffraction particle sizing. Major and minor element composition was determined in the soil fine fraction using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence. Sub-samples were digested using strong acids and analyzed using high-resolution inductively coupled mass spectrometry to assess the maximum environmental availability of PTEs in each fine fraction of each soil sample. Measured environmentally available PTE loadings were normalized to soluble iron to allow for an assessment of soil contamination at and between sites that included weathering effects and was more focused on the mobile fraction of the total PTE load. Physiologically based fluid extractions were also performed on select samples to assess potential bioavailability of PTEs through ingestion and inhalation. Results show significant PTE loadings and anthropogenic contamination in the fine fraction of soils from Iraq and Kuwait. All sites showed moderate-to-high Ni contamination but loadings and contamination levels for all PTEs varied among sites in Iraq and Kuwait as a function of weathering, local geology, and inputs from non-local and/or anthropogenic sources. PTE contamination tended to be higher in the fine fraction of soil collected at the sites in Iraq, and the lowest overall PTE loadings were found at sites in northern Kuwait where the mean measured particle diameter was largest. Potential bioavailability of PTEs via inhalation was generally low (< 10% of loading) but a significant portion of the PTE load for As, Cu, and Pb (and V and Zn at select sites) was available via ingestion. The fine fraction of soils collected from Iraq and Kuwait in this study had significant environmentally available PTE contamination. Sites from Lower Mesopotamia in Iraq were the most impacted. PTE loadings and contamination were strongly influenced by local-scale weathering and geology, proximity to urban PTE sources, and inputs from non-local and/or anthropogenic sources. Sites with a smaller mean particle diameter had the greatest levels of PTE contamination. Potential bioavailability of PTEs was generally low.
Cultivating Global Citizens through Study Abroad and the Use of Technology with Undergraduate Social Work Students

This article examines factors of successful use of faculty-led short-term study abroad programs as a teaching strategy in promoting cultural humility among undergraduate social work students. Key attributes that influence improved cultural awareness in social work students are detailed, including the use of social media prior to, during and after travel abroad. Undergraduate social work students (n=8) participated in a summer course including travel to Costa Rica. Description of the teaching techniques and strategies are described pre-travel, in-country and post-travel. Two measures are described given to students pre-travel and post-travel to assess cultural flexibility, adaptability, openness and personal autonomy. These include the Cross Cultural Adaptability Inventory (CCAI) and the Short Term Study Abroad Survey. Results included all of the students reporting a change in their world view, attitude changes as a result of in- home stays, and agency visits. There was a significant difference on the CCAI on the Personal Autonomy subscale.
An Optimal Power-Flow Approach to Improve Power System Voltage Stability Using Demand Response

The increasing penetration of renewables has driven power systems to operate closer to their stability boundaries, increasing the risk of instability. We propose a multiperiod optimal power-flow approach that uses demand responsive loads to improve the steady-state voltage stability, which is measured by the smallest singular value (SSV) of the power-flow Jacobian matrix. In contrast to past work that employs load shedding to improve the stability, our approach improves the SSV by decreasing and increasing individual loads while keeping the total loading constant to avoid the fluctuation of the system frequency. Additionally, an energy payback period maintains the total energy consumption of each load at its nominal value. The objective function balances SSV improvements against generation costs in the energy payback period. We develop an iterative linear programming algorithm using singular value sensitivities to obtain an ac-feasible solution. We demonstrate its performance on two IEEE test systems. The results show that demand response actions can improve the static voltage stability, in some cases, more cost effectively than generation actions. We also compare our algorithm's performance to that of an iterative nonlinear programming algorithm from the literature. We find that our approach is approximately six times faster when applied to the IEEE 9-bus system, allowing us to demonstrate its performance on the IEEE 118-bus system.
Correlation between Oral Health and Systemic Inflammation (COHESION): A Randomized Pilot Follow Up Trial of a Plaque Identifying Toothpaste

Abstract Background Inflammation is intimately involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and is accurately measured by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), a sensitive marker for future risk of cardiovascular disease. The Correlation between Oral Health and Systemic Inflammation (COHESION) trial was designed to test the hypothesis that PlaqueHD, a plaque-identifying toothpaste, reduces hs-CRP. Methods The trial was designed initially to include 132 subjects with hs-CRP between 2.0 and 10.0 mg/L but instead randomized 112 between 0.5 and 10.0, of which 103 had baseline and follow-up data and comprised the intention-to-treat sample. Of these, a prespecified subgroup analysis included 40 with baseline hs-CRP >2.0 and all hs-CRP Results The intention-to-treat analysis showed no significant differences between the PlaqueHD and placebo group (P = .615). The prespecified subgroup analysis showed a significant difference between the PlaqueHD and placebo group (P = .047). Results of the analysis showed a reduction in hs-CRP at follow-up of 0.58 in the PlaqueHD and an increase of 0.55 in the placebo group. Conclusions These findings are compatible with those of a prior pilot trial that also suggested benefits only in subjects with baseline elevations. Future trials targeting reductions of hs-CRP levels should randomize subjects with baseline hs-CRP between 2.0 and 10.0 mg/L.
A Legal History of the Civil War and Reconstruction: A Nation of Rights

Although hundreds of thousands of people died fighting in the American Civil War, perhaps the war's biggest casualty was the nation's legal order. A Legal History of the Civil War and Reconstruction explores the implications of this major change by bringing legal history into dialogue with the scholarship of other historical fields. Federal policy on slavery and race, particularly the three Reconstruction amendments, are the best-known legal innovations of the era. Change, however, permeated all levels of the legal system, altering Americans' relationship to the law and allowing them to move popular conceptions of justice into the ambit of government policy. The results linked Americans to the nation through individual rights, which were extended to more people and, as a result of new claims, were reimagined to cover a wider array of issues. But rights had limits in what they could accomplish, particularly when it came to the collective goals that so many ordinary Americans advocated.
Abstract 17343: E-cigarette Aerosol Exposure Acutely Alters Cardiac Conduction and Autonomic Balance and Induces Arrhythmia in Mice

Background: E-cigarette (e-cig) use has rapidly increased, especially among youth. Vaping has been linked to adverse cardiopulmonary effects, but the full extent of effects remains unknown. Several...
Online Defense of Trojaned Models using Misattributions.

This paper proposes a new approach to detecting neural Trojans on Deep Neural Networks during inference. This approach is based on monitoring the inference of a machine learning model, computing the attribution of the model's decision on different features of the input, and then statistically analyzing these attributions to detect whether an input sample contains the Trojan trigger. The anomalous attributions, aka misattributions, are then accompanied by reverse-engineering of the trigger to evaluate whether the input sample is truly poisoned with a Trojan trigger. We evaluate our approach on several benchmarks, including models trained on MNIST, Fashion MNIST, and German Traffic Sign Recognition Benchmark, and demonstrate the state of the art detection accuracy.
Sharell D. Luckett, David Román, and Isaiah Matthew Wooden, eds. Tarell Alvin McCraney: Theater, Performance, and Collaboration

This anthology offers a range of scholarly perspectives on Tarell Alvin McCraney’s use of religious syncretism, emphasis on community, and approach to collaboration. In doing so, it illustrates how...
De la sociabilité à la pudeur : l’éthique des larmes au xviiie siècle

The eighteenth century occupies a crucial place in the history of tears. Not only did this period gave rise to the concept of sensibility, but it also witnessed the development of new aesthetic and moral codes founded on the exaggerated use of tears. This article, which is concerned precisely with such codes, examines the nature and significance of emotional display in the eighteenth century. It argues that throughout this era, tears were associated with moral renewal and they were intended to be shared, particularly when engendered on the theatre stage. This study also shows how these collective tears were steadily devalued as a public good throughout the nineteenth century, to the point that the act of weeping became personal and intimate, valorizing the individual instead of the communal.