cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Abstract 123: Optical Mapping of Host and Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocyte Graft Electrical Activity in Injured Hearts

Human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs) show tremendous promise for cardiac repair, but more information is required as to their electrical behavior in vivo. hESC-CMs expressing the protein calcium sensor GCaMP3 provide a graft autonomous reporter of activation, which we have used to show hESC-CM grafts can couple with host myocardium in injured hearts. When we sought to assess host-graft electrical interactions by optical voltage mapping, we found the commonly used lipophilic voltage dyes RH237 and di-4-ANEPPS label host but not graft tissue. We hypothesized the water-soluble voltage dye di-2-ANEPEQ could overcome this limitation and efficiently label both host and graft. After confirming good spectral separation of GCaMP3 and di-2-ANEPEQ signals by spectrofluorimetry and confocal spectral imaging, we transplanted 1x10^8 GCaMP3+ hESC-CMs into guinea pig hearts (n=6) at 4 weeks following cardiac injury and then imaged engrafted hearts at 2 weeks post-transplantation with a dual-channel CCD-based system. We found a differential time-course of di-2-ANEPEQ labeling between host and graft tissues, with stable optical action potentials (APs) obtained in host and graft tissue after ~4 and ~13 minutes of dye perfusion, respectively. This differential labeling kinetics, which was also observed on washout, presumably reflects sluggish graft perfusion and provides another tool for distinguishing host and graft signals. No regions of 1:1 host-graft coupling were identified, and graft tissue had spontaneous rates from 0.1-2 Hz and long optical AP durations from 500-1090 ms. Activation maps based on di-2-ANEPEQ and GCaMP3 signals indicated relatively slow conduction velocities in graft tissue, as well as patterns of propagation that commonly occurred along a vector distinct from that in host tissue. These imaging studies reveal multiple potentially pro-arrhythmic properties in hESC-CM graft tissue including slow propagation, ultralong AP duration, as well as aberrant patterns of activation that can vary from beat to beat. We conclude the electrical behavior of both graft and host myocardium can be reliably assessed by the simultaneous imaging of a graft-autonomous fluorescent reporter of activation and a water-soluble voltage dye.
Evidence for adenylate nucleotide transport (ATP-ADP translocation) in vesicles of Frankia sp. strain EAN1pec

Atractyloside and carboxyatractyloside partially inhibited nitrogenase activity (acetylene reduction) by isolated vesicles of Frankia strain EAN1pec. Extracts of disrupted vesicles showed nitrogenase activity that was not affected by the inhibitors. The vesicles accumulated ATP by an atractyloside-sensitive mechanism. This inhibition of ATP uptake was reversed when vesicles were permeabilized by detergent. Uptake of ATP was inhibited by excess ATP and ADP, but not AMP or adenosine, and by a calcium-dependent ATPase inhibitor. Uptake was stimulated by calcium ions. Accumulation of ATP was accompanied by release of ADP and AMP from the vesicles. The ATP taken up by vesicles and cells grown with N2 as the nitrogen source was found in the corresponding cell pools only as ATP. The data indicate activity of an ATP-ADP translocase system in vesicles of this organism. The role of ATP translocation in the symbiosis between Frankia strain EAN1pec and plant root nodules is discussed.
SU‐E‐T‐188: An Effective Quality Assurance Method for TomoTherapy Craniospinal Irradiation Patients with A 3D Semiconductor Phantom

Purpose: This study aims to develop an effective and efficient approach to perform delivery quality assurance (DQA) to any large length spine in Tomo craniospinal irradiation (CSI) with a 3D semiconductor phantom. Methods: It is challenging to use conventional method to perform DQA to an entire large length of spine because the Tomo machine limits the maximum longitudinal distance between red and green laser (=18 cm). In order to overcome this limit, three DQA plans for each CSI patient were generated for covering the entire treatment site, in which we intentionally overlapped the red and green laser in DQA calculation, then we measured the distance (d) between the centers of the phantom and lasers. When using SunNucelar QA software to compute the plannar dose, we set the center of the cylindrical surface by applying d to the IEC Z coordinate. In phantom setup, we first align the center of phantom with green laser then manually shift the phantom superiorly or inferiorly d. With this new approach, we measured five CSI patients using a commercial 3D semiconductor phantom, the ArcCHECK (SunNuclear). The measured and computed dose is compared with gamma analysis and (3%, 3 mm) agreement criteria. Results: For all CSI patients and sections measured, the acquired dose distribution covered the complete treatment length and matched the computed data very well. All the DQA passed the gamma criteria with an average passing rate of 99.1%. The total delivery time of DQA using the new method was 66.7% of the time using the conventional method. Conclusion: The measured DQA results from the five CSI patients demonstrate that this new method overcomes the distance limitation of 18 cm between the red and green laser in the conventional DQA method. The DQA delivery becomes more efficient with 33.3% reduction of beam-on time.
Genetic relationships of Brassica vegetables determined using database derived simple sequence repeats

Sequence databases were screened to identify simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in Brassica oleracea sequences. A total of 512 B. oleracea DNA sequences were screened and 43 potential SSRs were identified. Thirty-six primer pairs were designed to amplify target sequences. Of the 36 primer pairs, six failed to amplify fragments of expected sizes, and 17 primer pairs failed to generate polymorphisms. Thirteen SSRs were used to assess genetic similarity between 54 B. oleracea cultivars, belonging to 3 variteal groups (cabbage, cauliflower, and broccoli). Pairwise genetic similarities were calculated for cultivars, and a dendrogram of relationships was produced. All cabbage cultivars were distinguished from each other and clustered in two separate groups. Five cauliflower cultivars could not be distinguished with SSR markers used in the study. Three broccoli cultivars clustered with cauliflower cultivars, and two cauliflower cultivars grouped with broccoli cultivars. The varietal group with the narrowest genetic variation in the study was cauliflower (B. oleracea var. botrytis) followed by broccoli (B. oleracea var. italica) and cabbage (B. oleracea var. capitata) groups. Polymorphism information content (PIC) values and number of alleles produced per marker ranged between 0.25 to 0.86 and 1 to 8, respectively, for database derived SSR markers.
Designing Organizational Culture Courses: Fundamental Considerations:

Organizational culture courses are popular yet are taught in a variety of ways. This article explores six basic considerations (three philosophical and three pedagogical) that shape organizational ...
Visualizing classification of natural video sequences using sparse, hierarchical models of cortex.

Recent work on hierarchical models of visual cortex has reported state-of-the-art accuracy on whole-scene labeling using natural still imagery. This raises the question of whether the reported accuracy may be due to the sophisticated, non-biological back-end supervised classifiers typically used (support vector machines) and/or the limited number of images used in these experiments. In particular, is *the model classifying features from the object or the background? Previous work (Landecker, Brumby, et al., COSYNE 2010) proposed tracing the spatial support *of a classifier’s decision back through a hierarchical cortical model to determine which parts of the image contributed to the classification, compared to the positions of objects in the scene. In this way, we can go beyond standard measures of accuracy to provide tools for visualizing and analyzing high-level object classification. We now describe new work exploring the extension of these ideas to detection of objects in video sequences of natural scenes.
Prostatic carcinoma at autopsy in Hiroshima and Nagasaki Japanese

The occurrence of prostatic adenocarcinoma was examined in 1,357 routine JNIH-ABCC Life Span Study sample autopsies of men 50 years old or older who died between 1961 and 1969. The overall prevalence was 8.7% which included 6.6% with latent carcinoma and 2.1% with biologically active carcinoma. Prevalence of prostatic carcinoma was significantly related to age at death. Biological activity was found to correlate with the histologic differentiation and to the presence of areas of cribriform pattern. Three age-matched groups of 71 autopsies each, with radiation exposure of 100 rads or more, O rad, and not-in-city at the time of the bomb (ATB), were studied for prostatic carcinoma by examining sections taken from the entire prostate at 5-mm intervals. This intensive study showed no relation between the presence of prostatic carcinoma and radiation category. Radiation exposure ATB did not influence histologic type or biological activity. In the latter more thorough study, the prevalence rate for prostatic cancer, mainly latent carcinoma, increased to 27%. There is definite underreporting of prostatic carcinoma on death certificates in Japan, but this is not sufficient to explain the discrepancy in published prevalence rates when compared to Western countries.
The application of social psychology theories and concepts in hospitality and tourism studies: A review and research agenda

Abstract The purpose of this study was the review of 282 papers that pertain to the application of social psychology theories and concepts presented in 12 leading academic journals published between 1999 and 2012. The papers were sorted by theory and concept, application level, journal, publication year, subject area, and statistical technique. The most frequently used theories were found to be social exchange, equity, and cognitive dissonance theories. The present paper offers a pioneering attempt to evaluate the use of social psychology theories and concepts in hospitality and tourism studies as well as identifying future research opportunities.
A comparative study of the hyobranchial apparatus and throat musculature in the plethodontidae

The hyobranchial apparatus and throat musculature of the plethodontid salamanders are examined. The interhyoideus is thought to be the homologue of the intermandibularis posterior and the posterior part of the intermandibularis anterior. The quadrato-pectoralis is found only in Desmognathus (Leurognathus?), and Aneides. Its presence in the former is a primitive condition; in the latter, secondary. The gularis had its phylogenetical origin as a slip from the quadrato-pectoralis. The lingual cartilage is found only in Gyrinophilus, Pseudotriton, Eurycea, and Manculus. It is the homologue of the [sehnenplatte] of Salamandra; not the otoglossal. The presence of the suprapeduncularis and the absence of the genioglossus is not peculiar to adult free tongued genera. The anatomical evidence allies Batrachoseps with Hydromantes and Oedipus. The latter two genera are derived from ancient Plethodon stock, not from Gyrinophilus stock. Stereochilus, Typhlotriton, and Typholomolge are the degenerate descendants from ancient Gyrinophilus stock.
Rapid tarnishing of silver nanoparticles in ambient laboratory air

Silver has useful surface-plasmon-resonance properties for many potential applications. However, chemical activity in silver nanoparticles exposed to laboratory air can make interpretation of optical scattering and extinction spectra problematic. We have measured the shift of the plasmon polariton wavelength of arrays of silver nanoparticles with increasing exposure to ambient laboratory air. The resonance peak wavelength shifts 65 nm in 36 h (1.8 nm/h). We show by scanning Auger spectroscopy that the shift is due to contamination from sulfur, most likely chemisorbed on the surface. The rate of corrosion product growth on the nanoparticles is estimated to be 3 nm per day, 7.5 times higher than that of bulk Ag under the same conditions.
Balloon-borne and aircraft infrared measurements of ethane (C2H6) in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere

Quantitative infrared measurements of ethane (C2H6) in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere are reported. The results have been obtained from the analysis of absorption features of the nu9 band at 12.2 microns, which have been identified in high-resolution balloon-borne and aircraft solar absorption spectra. The balloon-borne spectral data were recorded at sunset with the 0.02/cm resolution University of Denver interferometer system, from a float altitude of 33.5 km near Alamogordo, New Mexico, on March 23, 1981. The aircraft spectra were recorded at sunset in July 1978 with a 0.06/cm resolution interferometer aboard a jet aircraft at 12 km altitude, near 35 deg N, 96 deg W. The balloon analysis indicates the C2H6 mixing ratio decreased from 3.5 ppbv near 8.8 km to 0.91 ppbv near 12.1 km. The results are consistent with the column value obtained from the aircraft data.
The action of extrinsic penile muscles during copulation in the male dog.

Electromyographic activity of the bulbocavernosus (BC), ischiocavernosus (IC), and ischiourethral (IU) muscles was recorded during copulation in male dogs to examine the role of these muscles in the vascular engorgement process as related to the mechanisms responsible for initiating and maintaining the genital lock. In other dogs the IU muscle was severed to ascertain the influence this would have on the genital lock. No particular function in the engorgement process could be assigned to the IC muscle. Recordings from the BC muscle are consistent with the suggestion that rhythmic contraction of this muscle plays a role in pumping blood from the proximal parts of the corpus spongiosum into more distal parts of this cavernous erectile body. This would facilitate rapid engorgement of the bulbus glandis which is the structure that locks the dogs together. Recordings from the IU muscle reveal that this muscle contracts tonically just after intromission apparently also facilitating erection of the bulb by occluding venous return. Section of this muscle prevented engorgement of the bulb and eliminated the genital lock.
Relating models of backtracking

Past attempts to relate two well-known models of backtracking computation have met with only limited success. We relate these two models using logical relations. We accommodate higher-order values and infinite computations. We also provide an operational semantics, and we prove it adequate for both models.
Collective mechanism for the evolution and self-termination of vertically aligned carbon nanotube growth

We explain the evolution and termination of vertically aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) “forests” by a collective mechanism, which is verified by temporal measurements of forest mass and height, as well as quantitative spatial mapping of CNT alignment by synchrotron X-ray scattering. We propose that forest growth consists of four stages: (I) self-organization; (II) steady growth with a constant CNT number density; (III) decay with a decreasing number density; and (IV) abrupt self-termination, which is coincident with a loss of alignment at the base of the forest. The abrupt loss of CNT alignment has been observed experimentally in many systems, yet termination of forest growth has previously been explained using models for individual CNTs, which do not consider the evolution of the CNT population. We propose that abrupt termination of CNT forest growth is caused by loss of the self-supporting structure, which is essential for formation of a CNT forest in the first place, and that this event is triggered by a...
The precision of persimmons: Hybridity, grafting and the case of Li‐young Lee

(2001). The precision of persimmons: Hybridity, grafting and the case of Li‐young Lee. Lit: Literature Interpretation Theory: Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 1-23.
4674 Endoscopic management of biliary complications in 369 liver transplant recipients.

Background: Biliary tract complications occur in approximately 15-35% of patients following OLT.We report our experience with the endoscopic management of a variety of post-OLT biliary complications. Methods: The records of 369 patients receiving 407 grafts from 1/1/94 to 1/1/99 were retrospectively reviewed. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) was performed in 122 patients for cholestasis or suspected bile leak. Mean follow up is 38 mo(range 11-70 mo). Results: ERC was successfully completed in 118/122 (97%). The endoscopic findings, management, and results are presented in the table. Overall, endoscopic therapy was successful in 79/91(87%) of patients with abnormalities. The success rate was highest for isolated biliary leaks (95%) followed by strictures (89%) and was lowest for combined stricture and leak (60%). On average, 2.4 and 2.0 ERC s were required for successful management of strictures and leaks, respectively. Endoscopic therapy of stones/ sludge was successful in 100%. Suspected papillary stenosis was successfully treated in 5/5 patients, although only 2 of these patients had a normalization of liver chemistries. Conclusion: Biliary strictures and leaks were the most common biliary complications at our institution occurring in 19.9% of grafts during the study period. Endoscopic therapy was most successful in isolated bile leak and strictures and least successful in combined stricture and leak. Although multiple endoscopic procedures are required to treat these complications, the vast majority can be successfully managed endoscopically.
Comparison of Doppler, oscillometric, auricular and carotid arterial blood pressure measurements in isoflurane anesthetized New Zealand white rabbits.

Abstract Objective To assess agreement between carotid arterial pressure and auricular arterial, thoracic limb Doppler or thoracic limb oscillometric blood pressure measurements. Study design Prospective experimental study. Animals Six adult New Zealand white rabbits. Methods Rabbits were anesthetized with isoflurane in oxygen at 1, 1.5 and 2 MAC on two separate occasions. Catheters in the auricular and the contralateral external carotid artery were connected to calibrated pressure transducers via non-compliant tubing. Inflatable cuffs of width equal to approximately 40% of the limb circumference were placed above the carpus on both thoracic limbs with a Doppler transducer placed distal to the cuff on one. Systolic (SAP) and mean (MAP) arterial blood pressure measurements were obtained at each dose, on each occasion. Agreement between measurement techniques was evaluated by repeated measures Bland Altman analysis with carotid pressure as the reference. Variation in bias over the measurement range was evaluated by regression analysis. Results Carotid MAP and SAP ranged from 20 to 65 mmHg and 37 to 103 mmHg respectively. Bias and 95% limits of agreement for auricular and oscillometric MAP were 7 (0–14) and −5 (−21–11) mmHg, respectively, and for auricular, oscillometric and Doppler SAP were 23 (8–37), −2 (−24–20) and 13 (−14–39) mmHg, respectively. Bias varied significantly over the measurement range (p Conclusions and clinical relevance Limits of agreement for all measurements were large but less so for MAP than SAP. Variation in bias with SAP should be considered when using these measurements clinically.
A search for neutron reactions that may be useful for Hiroshima dose reconstruction

Abstract Results are presented of a detailed search for neutron reactions that could potentially be useful in reconstructing the neutron fluence in Hiroshima, with emphasis on fast neutrons in the 1-MeV range. Searches were made for suitable reactions in several neutron cross-section libraries from the U.S., Europe, Japan, China, and the former U.S.S.R. Because of the long time (∼ 50 yr) since the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, reaction products evaluated in this search were limited to those with half-lives between 5 and 10 9 yr. From the about 100 reactions within this category, only six appear to have some potential utility for fast neutron measurements of suitable materials from Hiroshima. The technology may currently be available to measure two of these reactions if suitable materials can be obtained.
Men Who Weep and Wail: Masculinity and Emotion in Sidney's New Arcadia

This essay explores the topic of masculinity and emotion, which has generated a considerable amount of scholarly interest over the past decade, in relation to men who weep and wail in Sir Philip Sidney's New Arcadia (1593). Sidney's romance reflects shifting definitions of manhood toward the end of the sixteenth century when aristocratic men tended to define themselves less as warriors and more as humanists, statesmen, and emotionally expressive courtiers. He alludes to the increasing remoteness of the feudal ideal of the violent warrior by exposing the futility rather than glory of armed violence in some cases and by using the term “armor” in a figurative rather than literal sense. A number of men in the New Arcadia tell stories as well as fight and exhibit a broad range of emotions – desire, rage, pity, and grief. Thoughtful men of action who know when and where to cry are ideal in Sidney's romance.
Large size LSO and LYSO crystal scintillators for future high-energy physics and nuclear physics experiments

The high energy and nuclear physics community is interested in fast bright heavy crystal scintillators, such as cerium-doped LSO and LYSO. An investigation is being carried out to explore the potential use of the LSO and LYSO crystals in future physics experiments. Optical and scintillation properties, including longitudinal transmittance, emission and excitation spectra, light output, decay kinetics and light response uniformity, were measured for three long (2.5×2.5×20 cm) LSO and LYSO samples from different vendors, and were compared to a long BGO sample of the same size. The degradation of optical and scintillation properties under γ-ray irradiations and the radiation-induced phosphorescence were also measured for two long LYSO samples. Possible applications for a crystal calorimeter in future high energy and nuclear physics experiments are discussed.
The Ambiguities of Labor's Legislative Reforms in New York State in the Late Nineteenth Century

Recently, Victoria Hattam and William Forbath have separately defended new explanations of the development of the distinctive, relatively apolitical labor movement in the United States. Their explanations differ from earlier accounts that saw the failure of socialism in the United States as the result of either the distinctive liberal tradition in the United States or of ethnic and other divisions within the working class. Their alternative view is that distinctive structural features of the U.S. state – in particular, the independent judiciary – played a decisive role in shaping the development of the labor movement. This paper questions some of the shared assumptions of these new accounts, focusing on Victoria Hattam's recent book, Labor Visions and State Power. Without denying that the judiciary played an important role in the development of the U.S. labor movement, I want to suggest a different account of the relationship between the judiciary and the legislative and executive branches.
In vivo steroid metabolism in embryonic and newly hatched steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

Abstract Radioactive pregnenolone (P5), testosterone (T), or 17β-estradiol (E2) was microinjected into steelhead trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, embryos and newly hatched yolksac fry (alevins) to detect in vivo metabolism. We also assayed the water used to incubate animals for 10 hr after microinjection to detect possible metabolite excretion. High pressure liquid chromatography and thin layer chromatography were used to separate and tentatively identify steroid metabolites. Metabolites of P5 were androstenedione (AN), E2, T, and glucuronides of E2 and T in embryos and AN, E2, progesterone, 17α, 20β-dihydroxyprogesterone, and P5 glucuronide in alevins. E2 and its glucuronide were synthesized from precursor T in the embryos and alevins; however, the amounts of E2 and E2 glucuronide synthesized in the embryos were 10 and 3 magnitudes greater than those detected in alevins. Testosterone glucuronide was synthesized in similar amounts in both stages of development. Embryos did not synthesize free metabolites from E2 precursor, but E2 glucuronide was detected from E2 precursor. Estradiol in alevins was metabolized into unidentified free and glucuronide-conjugated steroids. Three unknown metabolites synthesized from P5 precursors and seven unknown substances produced in animals injected with testosterone or estradiol precursors were detected. Free metabolites were detected in the incubation water that held the animals (embryos and alevins) for 10 hr after microinjection with T or E2. Glucuronide metabolites were not excreted by embryos into the incubation water 10 hr after microinjections with any of the steroid precursors; however, alevins excreted glucuronides into the incubation water when supplied with precursor T. These results imply that endogenous steroid metabolism of maternally contributed steroids is active during early development.
An increase in glial fibrillary acidic protein follows brain hyperthermia in rats

Previously, we have demonstrated that an increase in the astrocyte-associated protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), accompanies brain injury induced by a variety of chemical insults. In the present study we examined the effects of microwave-induced hyperthermia of the CNS on the concentration of GFAP in several brain regions of the Long-Evans rat. Irradiation resulted in a time-related increase in GFAP in olfactory bulbs and cortex, areas of maximum heating. The increase in GFAP following a brain temperature increase suggests that heating of brain tissue may be sufficient to provoke an injury response comparable to that induced by chemical and physical insult.
The NMR identification of the ring A protons of C‐3 oxygenated steroids using the lanthanide paramagnetic shift technique

The lanthanide induced chemical shifts and coupling constants have been determined for ring A protons of steroids having a keto, hydroxyl, or acetate functional group at C-3. The assignments were made with the aid of suitably deuterated compounds and should prove useful in steroidal stereochemical and conformational studies.
Silylation of Iron-Bound Carbon Monoxide Affords a Terminal Fe Carbyne

A series of monocarbonyl iron complexes in the formal oxidation states 0, +1, and +2 are accessible when supported by a tetradentate tris(phosphino)silyl ligand (SiPiPr3 = [Si(o-C6H4PiPr2)3]−). X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies of these carbonyl complexes establish little geometrical change about the iron center as a function of oxidation state. It is possible to functionalize the terminal CO ligand of the most reduced carbonyl adduct by addition of SiMe3+ to afford a well-defined iron carbyne species, (SiPiPr3)Fe≡C—OSiMe3. Single-crystal XRD data of this iron carbyne derivative reveal an unusually short Fe≡C—OSiMe3 bond distance (1.671(2) A) and a substantially elongated C−O distance (1.278(3) A), consistent with Fe−C carbyne character. The overall trigonal bipyramidal geometry of (SiPiPr3)Fe≡C—OSiMe3 compares well with that of the corresponding carbonyls, (SiPiPr3)Fe(CO)−, (SiPiPr3)Fe(CO), and (SiPiPr3)Fe(CO)+. Details regarding the electronic structure of the carbyne complex have been explored via the co...
Surface states on the (001) surface of Nb

The electronic structure of the (001) ideal surface of niobium is calculated using a self-consistent pseudopotential method. Surface states are identified and analyzed throughout the two-dimensional Brillouin zone. Charge densities and the local density of states near the surface are presented and discussed. Our calculations predict strong surface features in the density of states in the range 0--2 eV above the Fermi energy. Occupied surface states are also discussed. (AIP)
Difference Troubles: Queering Social Theory and Sexual Politics

Introduction: the contemporary reconfiguring of social theory and cultural politics Part I. Resisting Difference: The Malaise of the Human Sciences: 1. The political unconscious of the human sciences 2. The end of sociological theory 3. Relativizing sociology: the challenge of cultural studies 4. The refusal of sexual difference: queering sociology 5. Difference troubles: the flight of sociology from 'otherness' Part II. Between Identity and Difference: From Lesbian and Gay to Queer Theory: 6. Identity and politics in a 'postmodern' gay culture 7. Deconstructing queer theory or some difficulties in a theory and politics of difference Part III. Democratic Prospects: The Politics of Knowledge and Identity: 8. Transfiguring sexual identity: aids and the cultural politics of sexuality and homosexuality 9. From gay ethnicity to queer politics: the renewal of gay radicalism in the United States 10. Postmodern anxiety: the politics of epistemology 11. The politics of sexual difference in late twentieth century America 12. Difference and democracy: group recognition and the political cultures of the United States, Holland, and France Epilogue: pragmatism, difference and a culture of strong democracy.
From Hell to Utopia and Back to Hell: Charismatic Relationships

Weber and most subsequent analysts of charisma have adopted a synchronic standpoint. The author offers a diachronic formulation, delineating the social processes that create, modify, and transform charismatic relationships. A mature charismatic relationship emerges as: (1) consensual definitions of discontents emerge; (2) the identities of leader and followers are established; (3) social encounters (gatherings) are programmed to enhance charismatic acts; (4) new solidarities are established; (5) new consensual definitions of reality are established; and (6) a Utopian future is formulated. The common phenomenon of charismatic relationships transforming into tyrannies is a consequence of the qualities of some of the social processes produced to maintain a charismatic relationship. Representative relationships are an alternative to charismatic and tyrannical ones.
HATL5: A Cell Surface Serine Protease Differentially Expressed in Epithelial Cancers

Over the last two decades, cell surface proteases belonging to the type II transmembrane serine protease (TTSP) family have emerged as important enzymes in the mammalian degradome, playing critical roles in epithelial biology, regulation of metabolic homeostasis, and cancer. Human airway trypsin-like protease 5 (HATL5) is one of the few family members that remains uncharacterized. Here we demonstrate that HATL5 is a catalytically active serine protease that is inhibited by the two Kunitz type serine protease inhibitors, hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor (HAI)-1 and 2, as well as by serpinA1. Full-length HATL5 is localized on the cell surface of cultured mammalian cells as demonstrated by confocal microscopy. HATL5 displays a relatively restricted tissue expression profile, with both transcript and protein present in the cervix, esophagus, and oral cavity. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed an expression pattern where HATL5 is localized on the cell surface of differentiated epithelial cells in the stratified squamous epithelia of all three of these tissues. Interestingly, HATL5 is significantly decreased in cervical, esophageal, and head and neck carcinomas as compared to normal tissue. Analysis of cervical and esophageal cancer tissue arrays demonstrated that the squamous epithelial cells lose their expression of HATL5 protein upon malignant transformation.
Solving the damper placement problem via local search heuristics

The damper placement problem for large flexible space truss structures is to determine thep truss members of the structure to replace with active (or passive) dampers so that the modal damping ratio is as large as possible for all significant modes of vibration. Equivalently, given a strain energy matrix with rows indexed on the modes and columns indexed on the truss members we seek to find a set ofp columns such that the smallest row sum, over thep columns, is maximized. An extension of this model is formulated for the passive damper case. This formulation includes the frequency of maximum displacement as a decision variable for each passive damper. Each formulation can be written as a mixed 0/1 integer linear program. We compare the performance of tabu search and simulated annealing for the damper placement problem on a laboratory test article, the NASA Langley Controls-Structures Interaction Phase I Evolutionary Model (10 modes and 1507 truss members). Tabu search, coupled with the starting solution generated by rounding the solution to a linear programming relaxation, is shown to provide the highest quality solutions in the shortest amount of computing time.
Infected Dual-Chamber Pacemaker Leads

Figure 1. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in a patient with infected dual-chamber pacemaker leads. Left, Multiple vegetations (arrows) attached to right atrial lead. Right, Vegetation (arrow) is attached to loop of right ventricular …
Obstacles to Teacher Training in Character Education

Abstract Currently there is both a great demand for and a proliferation of character education initiatives at the K-12 levels. Unfortunately, much of this proliferation has been unsystematic and uncontrolled. Despite the obvious good will of character educators, there is little training available, particularly at the pre-service level. This paper will examine both the need for and obstacles to implementing effective pre-service training in character education. Six obstacles are addressed: Disagreement on what character is; disagreement on what constitutes character education; perceptions of limited space in pre-service curricula for character education training; limited scientific data about which character education elements are effective and for what outcomes; where the expertise and resources are; ambivalence about the appropriateness of educating for character. Suggestions are offered for overcoming each of these obstacles.
The Economics of the Excimer Laser for Refractive Surgery

Over the last 7 years, Arthur D. Little, Inc (Cambridge, MA) has taken a strong analytical approach to understanding the true potential of the refractive surgery market. This approach has compiled information from a multitude of sources, including attendance at refractive sessions of major meetings, literature searches, in-person interviews with thought leaders in refractive surgery, and multiple focus groups with ophthalmologists, optometrists, and consumers. This research has been conducted both domestically and internationally. A direct result of this research has been the development of a model in which Arthur D. Little predicts, at a national level, the number of consumers likely to have refractive surgery. Our model predicts that the market potential for refractive surgery has been greatly overstated by many market predictors.
Sites of aggrecan cleavage by recombinant human aggrecanase-1 (ADAMTS-4).

Aggrecan, the major proteoglycan of cartilage that provides its mechanical properties of compressibility and elasticity, is one of the first matrix components to undergo measurable loss in arthritic diseases. Two major sites of proteolytic cleavage have been identified within the interglobular domain (IGD) of the aggrecan core protein, one between amino acids Asn341-Phe342 which is cleaved by matrix metalloproteinases and the other between Glu373-Ala374 that is attributed to aggrecanase. Although several potential aggrecanase-sensitive sites had been identified within the COOH terminus of aggrecan, demonstration that aggrecanase cleaved at these sites awaited isolation and purification of this protease. We have recently cloned human aggrecanase-1 (ADAMTS-4) (Tortorella, M. D., Burn, T. C., Pratta, M. A., Abbaszade, I., Hollis, J. M., Liu, R., Rosenfeld, S. A., Copeland, R. A., Decicco, C. P., Wynn, R., Rockwell, A., Yang, F., Duke, J. L., Solomon, K., George, H., Bruckner, R., Nagase, H., Itoh, Y., Ellis, D. M., Ross, H., Wiswall, B. H., Murphy, K., Hillman, M. C., Jr., Hollis, G. F., Newton, R. C., Magolda, R. L., Trzaskos, J. M., and Arner, E. C. (1999) Science 284, 1664–1666) and herein demonstrate that in addition to cleavage at the Glu373-Ala374 bond, this protease cleaves at four sites within the chondroitin-sulfate rich region of the aggrecan core protein, between G2 and G3 globular domains. Importantly, we show that this cleavage occurs more efficiently than cleavage within the IGD at the Glu373-Ala374 bond. Cleavage occurred preferentially at the KEEE1667–1668GLGS bond to produce both a 140-kDa COOH-terminal fragment and a 375-kDa fragment that retains an intact G1. Cleavage also occurred at the GELE1480–1481GRGT bond to produce a 55-kDa COOH-terminal fragment and a G1-containing fragment of 320 kDa. Cleavage of this 320-kDa fragment within the IGD at the Glu373-Ala374 bond then occurred to release the 250-kDa BC-3-reactive fragment from the G1 domain. The 140-kDa GLGS-reactive fragment resulting from the preferential cleavage was further processed at two additional cleavage sites, at TAQE1771-1772AGEG and at VSQE1871–1872LGQR resulting in the formation of a 98-kDa fragment with an intact G3 domain and two small fragments of ∼20 kDa. These data elucidate the sites and efficiency of cleavage during aggrecan degradation by aggrecanase and suggest potential tools for monitoring aggrecan cleavage in arthritis.
Comparative toxicity of arsenic compounds and their accumulation in invertebrates and fish

The toxicity of arsenic III, arsenic V, sodium dimethyl arsenate, and disodium methyl arsenate to stoneflies, snails, amphipods, and trout, and the bioaccumulation of these compounds were studied during a 28-day flow-through test.Daphnia magna were exposed for 21 days in static tests to determine life-cycle effects. All animals were exposed to concentrations of approximately 100 and 1000μg/L (as arsenic) of each of the compounds. Arsenic III, the most toxic compound, caused a significant reduction in the survival of amphipods at 1000μg As/L after seven days. None of the compounds significantly affected the survival of other test species after 28 days or reduced young production inDaphnia after 14 days of exposure. The concentration of accumulated arsenic in stoneflies, snails,and Daphnia was as much as 131, 99, and 219 times greater than the water concentration, whereas amphipods and rainbow trout contained arsenic residues similar to the controls. Residues in stoneflies, snails, andDaphnia exposed to 1000μg As/L were higher than those in animals exposed to 100μg As/L, but appeared to reach a steady state after 14 days. Total arsenic accumulation was greatest in organisms exposed to inorganic arsenic, particularly at 100μg/L.
Migration of instructional computing from a large mainframe to a large minicomputer

It is a well accepted fact that minicomputers can be utilized to great advantage for many types of academic computing tasks. Many also believe that the capabilities of the minicomputer and the large mainframe computer are very complimentary. Based on these assumptions, Arizona State University has implemented a plan to supplement existing computing services with minicomputer time sharing services about two years ago. Sufficient time has passed to review the data on the success of this venture. Initial data indicates that the overall objectives were successful. This paper presents data which will give the reader a quantitative "feeling" about the success of this plan. Based on this data, it appears that these initial assumptions (i.e., usefulness and compatability of minicomputers) were correct, at least at Arizona State University.
Aerosol metal relationship in air and precipitation

Abstract A one year collection study of the concentrations of metals in air and precipitation reveals that, on a weight-weight basis, most metals tend to be concentrated about 1000 times more in precipitation than in air. There are exceptions to this trend such as Pb, which is only concentrated by a factor of about two. Those metals less concentrated in precipitation appear to be the more enriched atmospheric metals which are associated with smaller sized particles and higher volatilities. Also, seasonal variation in the concentrations of some aerosol metals are evident.
Incidence, Explanations, and Treatment of Partner Violence

Partner violence is a societal problem that cuts across all socioeconomic and racial/ethnic lines. Approximately 50% to 60% of couples presenting for counseling have reported at least 1 incident of violence in their relationship history. Many counselors are ill equipped to work with partner violence cases. This article provides an overview of partner violence research as it pertains to incidence, partner abuse typologies, etiology/explanation, and treatment. Developmental and integrated models for explaining and treating partner abuse are given particular consideration.
Utility of hemoglobin A1c in predicting diabetes risk.

BACKGROUND: There is controversy surrounding the issue of whether, and how, to screen adults for type 2 diabetes. Our objective was to measure the incidence of new diabetes among outpatients enrolled in a health care system, and to determine whether hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values would allow risk stratification for patients’ likelihood of developing diabetes over 3 years.
Ideas and Forms of Tragedy from Aristotle to the Middle Ages

1. Greek and Roman Poetics 2. Modes and Subjects of Roman Tragedy 3. Early Medieval Clues and Conjectures 4. The Twelfth-Century Scene 5. The High Middle Ages: Discoveries and Oblivions 6. Final Variations Conclusion Notes Bibliography Index.
Fault-Tolerant CORBA: From Specification to Reality

Based on 10 years' personal experience implementing academic prototypes of FT-CORBA, helping to establish the FT-CORBA standard, and subsequently developing and selling its commercial implementations, this critique provides an overview of the FT-CORBA standard's specifications from the viewpoint of realizing its concrete implementation for real-world applications
ApoE and quality of life in nonagenarians.

Abstract Objectives ApoE e4 is associated with adverse health conditions that negatively impact the quality of life (QOL). The relationship between ApoE e4 and QOL has not been explored in the oldest old. Our study aimed to examine ApoE in the oldest old and explore its association with QOL. Design Cross-sectional cohort study. Setting A medium sized community in Olmsted County, Minnesota. Participants Individuals aged 90 to 99 years, living independently or in long term care environments. Measurements We collected demographic information and measured cognitive function (Short Test of Mental Status, Mini-Mental State Examination, Mattis Dementia Rating Scale), QOL (Linear Analogue Self Assessment), and ApoE distribution. Subjects were classified as cognitively normal, mild cognitive impairment, dementia, or dementia with stroke and/or parkinsonism (DEMSP). Regression model was used to assess the predictors of QOL. Results A total of 121 subjects (45 cognitively normal, 13 with mild cognitive impairment, 34 with dementia, 29 DEMSP) aged 90–99 years, 106 (87.6 %) females, were included. Frequency of ApoE e3 allele was highest (194 [80.2%]: e2/3 18, e3/3 77, e3/4 22) followed by ApoE e4 (25 [10.3%]: e2/4 3, e3/4 22) and ApoE e2 (23 [9.5%; e2/2 1, e2/3 18, e2/4 3). None of the subjects carried ApoE e4/4 genotype. QOL was similar between ApoE e4 carrier and noncarriers. Physical well-being, emotional well-being, intellectual well-being, social connectedness, and coping ability were positively associated with QOL, whereas male sex, DEMSP, pain frequency, and pain severity were negatively associated. Conclusions The most common ApoE in the oldest old was e3/3 genotype and e3 allele. No association was found between ApoE e4 and QOL. However, those with high physical, emotional and intellectual well being, social connectedness, and coping ability had the highest overall QOL.
The Asymmetric π-Bases fac-{Re(dien)(PPh3)(PF3)}+ and fac-{Re(dien)(PPh3)(CO)}+: Evidence for Formation of an η2-Furan Complex

A series of complexes has been prepared of the form [Re(dien)(PPh3)(PF3)(L)]+ (dien = diethylenetriamine), where L is an unsaturated organic molecule. The range of ligands which form η2-coordinate complexes with this metal center includes aldehydes, olefins, and dienes. In addition, thiophene, benzo[b]thiophene, and acetonitrile bind through their heteroatoms. Although {Re(dien)(PPh3)(PF3)}+ (dien = diethylenetriamine) displays chemical and spectroscopic characteristics of a potent π-base, it fails to form stable η2-coordinated complexes with aromatic molecules. However, its carbonyl analogue {Re(dien)(PPh3)(CO)}+, when combined with furan, forms the complex [Re(η2-furan)(dien)(PPh3)(CO)][OTf], a rare example of a thermally stable η2-heterocycle.
Adjoint consistency analysis of residual-based variational multiscale methods

We investigate the conditions under which residual-based variational multiscale methods are adjoint, or dual, consistent for model hyperbolic and elliptic partial differential equations. In particular, while many residual-based variational multiscale stabilizations are adjoint consistent for hyperbolic problems and finite-element spaces, only a few are adjoint consistent for elliptic problems.
Stochastic models for the Earth's relief, the shape and the fractal dimension of the coastlines, and the number-area rule for islands

Abstract The degree of irregularity in oceanic coastlines and in vertical sections of the Earth, the distribution of the numbers of islands according to area, and the commonality of global shape between continents and islands, all suggest that the Earth's surface is statistically self-similar. The preferred parameter, one which increases with the degree of irregularity, is the fractal dimension, D, of the coastline; it is a fraction between 1 (limit of a smooth curve) and 2 (limit of a plane-filling curve). A rough Poisson-Brown stochastic model gives a good first approximation account of the relief, by assuming it to be created by superposing very many, very small cliffs, placed along straight faults and statistically independent. However, the relative area predicted for the largest islands is too small, and the irregularity predicted for the relief is excessive for most applications; so is indeed the value of the dimension, which is D = 1.5. Several higher approximation self-similar models are described. Any can be matched to the empirically observed D, and can link all the observations together, but the required self-similarity cannot yet be fully explained.
Quantitative model of the thickness dependence of breakdown in ultra-thin oxides

Abstract Computer calculations of the formation of a percolation path across a thin oxide are used to model breakdown. Quantitative agreement with the measured interface state density at breakdown is obtained. The case of homogeneously distributed defects is compared to exponentially distributed defects near one interface.
WOR-BIST: A Complete Test Solution for Designs Meeting Power, Area and Performance Requirements

A complete Built-In Self-Test (BIST) solution based on word oriented Random Access Scan architecture (WOR-BIST), is proposed. Our WOR-BIST scheme reduces the test power consumption significantly due to reduced switching activity during scan operations. We also provide a greedy algorithm to reduce the test data volume and test application time. We performed logic simulation of the test vectors to show its impact on the average and peak power during testing. We implemented the scheme to demonstrate its impact on the chip area and timing performance. Application of our scheme to large ISCAS and ITC benchmark circuits shows that our scheme is superior in area, power and performance to the conventional multiple serial scan.