cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation of Occupational Behavior in Individuals with and without Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is now conceptualized as a life-course persistent disorder, including impairments in the occupational functional domains. Occupational impairment is ...
Empirical Evaluation of the Hypervisor Scheduling on Side Channel Attacks

Along with the wide adoption of the cloud platform, various attacks also target clouds. Due to the sharing of the underlying physical resources among different virtual machines (VMs), various side-channel attacks have been demonstrated to be capable of stealing victim's secret information, such as encryption key, by monitoring the victim's access pattern to a shared hardware, such as CPU cache. Among various defense mechanisms proposed, the hypervisor scheduling based schemes shed some light on lightweight solutions that are more likely to be adopted in practice. However, scheduling is affected by several factors that have not been thoroughly investigated so far. In this study, we aim to study in-depth the impact of various factors affecting the hypervisor scheduling, with the objective to understand their impact on mitigating these side-channel attacks. Our results can not only deepen our understanding, but also provide some guidelines to design effective scheduling based defenses in the future.
Barriers to Change and Hope for the Future

Because our society does not articulate its expectations for parents, child neglect and abuse in the United States have reached epidemic proportions and exceed rates in all other developed nations. We only intervene after children have been damaged by neglect and abuse, often ineffectively. Enormous public expenditures on treatment, rehabilitation, and incarceration follow. This would change dramatically if our vision for America was that all of our children would be raised by competent parents. This vision can be achieved if we value parenthood as a vital career that requires basic managerial skills and essential resources. The Parenthood Affirmation as a part of the Birth Certificate would have a profound effect on our society by demonstrating through small but crucial actions that newborn babies are valued by our society and are full-fledged citizens with the right to have competent parents who can give them an opportunity to succeed in life.
Policy Uncertainty and the Demand for Money in Japan

In an attempt to establish stability of the demand for money, some recent studies have included the volatility of the money supply and output to account for uncertainty. In this paper we consider the experience of Japan but rather than including an uncertainty measure related to money supply and output, we include a relatively more comprehensive measure known as Economic Policy Uncertainty. When we included this later measure, we were unable to find a stable money demand in Japan. However, when we introduced the nonlinear adjustment of policy uncertainty, we not only found a stable money demand but also meaningful estimates. Since the approach allows us to assess asymmetries, we found that in Japan the public hold more cash when there is an increase or a decrease in uncertainty.
Managing opioid use in the acute surgical setting: A society of gynecologic oncology clinical practice statement.

Abstract Gynecologic oncologists have the unique opportunity of caring for patients in a broad range of surgical and medical settings. With increasing awareness of the opioid epidemic and the various factors that contribute to chronic opioid use, gynecologic oncologists must also better understand how to best address acute postoperative pain without unknowingly placing patients at risk for opioid misuse. This article examines the use of opioids in the acute surgical setting and provides clinical guidelines and various strategies to reduce opioid misuse.
Exploring the Relation between Teacher Factors and Student Growth in Early Writing.

Data from a small randomized control trial of teachers' use of Data-Based Instruction (DBI) for early writing were analyzed to determine the influence of teacher knowledge, skills, and treatment fidelity on student Curriculum-Based Measurement (CBM) slope. Participants included 11 elementary grade teachers who delivered intensive intervention in early writing and their students (n = 31), all identified as either at risk for or with disabilities that affect their writing. Teachers received professional development and ongoing coaching to support the implementation of DBI for improving their students' early writing skills. Results from a multiple regression analysis suggest that teacher knowledge and skills in DBI was strongly related to student CBM slope in early writing (p < .01) and a small but significant relation between fidelity of writing instruction and student CBM slope (p < .01). Implications for instructional coaching and improving student writing progress are discussed.
Interstate educational programs: Are we ready?

During the past 15 years, Utah State University and other institutions have vigorously investigated the possibility of sharing educational resources across state lines. This concept, while very important to higher education’s future, has not been fully realized . The most obvious barriers have been lack of financial resources and working models. This paper outlines models and procedures that could benefit institutions in the development of cooperative degrees.
Likelihood of Unmitigated Collision Risks for Uas in Defined Airspace Volumes

The capability to properly assess the risks associated with the integration of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) into the National Airspace System (NAS) is critical to ensuring UAS operations are introduced in a safe and responsible manner. Key to this capability is the accurate determination of the likelihood of collision between UAS and other aircraft. Likelihood of such collisions are not well understood and, in many cases, are assessed in a subjective and qualitative manner, resulting in potentially inaccurate assumptions and evaluation of risk and/or allocation of limiting mitigations that decrease the efficiency and effectiveness of UAS operations. Quantification of the likelihood of these collision risk elements will transform the way UAS integration is evaluated and approvedThis paper focuses on a methodology to quantify and analyze the likelihood of unmitigated aircraft collisions within defined airspace volumes. This methodology, developed by The MITRE Corporation (MITRE), will enable a more objective, standardized, and comprehensive assessment of the collision risk posed by the integration of UAS into the NAS with the ability to statistically assess the differences between distributions of risk across multiple airspace volumes. Leveraging this methodology will speed the determination of airspace risk associated with integration and will specifically assist in the identification of mitigations to reduce identified risk to an acceptable level.
Elastomer-Grafted iPSC-Derived Micro Heart Muscles to Investigate Effects of Mechanical Loading on Physiology.

Mechanical loading plays a critical role in cardiac pathophysiology. Engineered heart tissues derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) allow rigorous investigations of the molecula...
A quantitative approach to heritage language use and symbolic transnationalism. Evidence from the Cuban-American population in Miami

In a present-day global world, immigrant communities manage multiple cultural and linguistic contexts. To better understand these cross-cultural connections, and bridge the fields of linguistics an...
Liver-Directed Therapy for Neuroendocrine Tumor Liver Metastases in the Era of Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy.

Neuroendocrine tumor liver metastases are treated by a multidisciplinary cohort of physicians that work together to achieve optimal clinical results for their patients. This review addresses critical concepts in diagnosis and workup of such patients followed by medical, surgical, and liver-directed arterial and ablative therapies. Specific perioperative care for these patients is crucial in avoiding dreaded complications related to Carcinoid Crisis. The recent introduction of Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy as a therapeutic option has impacted some of the algorithms for timing and selection of arterial embolotherapies.
TMEM16A channel upregulation in arterial smooth muscle cells produces vasoconstriction during diabetes

The pathological involvement of anion channels in vascular dysfunction that occurs during type 2 diabetes (T2D) is unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that TMEM16A, a calcium-activated chloride (Cl-) channel, contributes to modifications in arterial contractility during T2D. Our data indicate that T2D increased TMEM16A mRNA in arterial smooth muscle cells and total and surface TMEM16A protein in resistance-size cerebral and hindlimb arteries of mice. To examine vascular cell types in which TMEM16A protein increased and the functional consequences of TMEM16A upregulation during T2D, we generated tamoxifen-inducible, smooth muscle cell-specific TMEM16A knockout (TMEM16A smKO) mice. T2D increased both TMEM16A protein and Cl- current density in arterial smooth muscle cells of control (TMEM16Afl/fl) mice. In contrast, T2D did not alter arterial TMEM16A protein or Cl- current density in smooth muscle cells of TMEM16A smKO mice. Intravascular pressure stimulated greater vasoconstriction (myogenic tone) in the arteries of T2D TMEM16Afl/fl mice than in the arteries of nondiabetic TMEM16Afl/fl mice. This elevation in myogenic tone in response to T2D was abolished in the arteries of T2D TMEM16A smKO mice. T2D also reduced Akt2 protein and activity in the arteries of T2D mice. siRNA-mediated knockdown of Akt2, but not Akt1, increased arterial TMEM16A protein in nondiabetic mice. In summary, data indicate that T2D is associated with an increase in TMEM16A expression and currents in arterial smooth muscle cells that produces vasoconstriction. Data also suggest that a reduction in Akt2 function drives these pathological alterations during T2D.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We investigated the involvement of TMEM16A channels in vascular dysfunction during type 2 diabetes (T2D). TMEM16A message, protein, and currents were higher in smooth muscle cells of resistance-size arteries during T2D. Pressure stimulated greater vasoconstriction in the arteries of T2D mice that was abolished in the arteries of TMEM16A smKO mice. Akt2 protein and activity were both lower in T2D arteries, and Akt2 knockdown elevated TMEM16A protein. We propose that a decrease in Akt2 function stimulates TMEM16A expression in arterial smooth muscle cells, leading to vasoconstriction during T2D.
Multilevel Second-Moment Methods with Group Decomposition for Multigroup Transport Problems.

This paper presents multilevel iterative schemes for solving the multigroup Boltzmann transport equations (BTEs) with parallel calculation of group equations. They are formulated with multigroup and grey low-order equations of the Second-Moment (SM) method. The group high-order BTEs and low-order SM (LOSM) equations are solved in parallel. To further improve convergence and increase computational efficiency of algorithms Anderson acceleration is applied to inner iterations for solving the system of multigroup LOSM equations. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate performance of the multilevel iterative methods.
To what extent do medication experts agree on diagnoses derived from psychotropic medication prescribed for children and adolescents in a state Medicare database

This study evaluated the extent to which psychotropic medication experts agreed on psychiatric/behavior diagnoses derived from 30 individuals’ psychotropic medication regimens. Three medication exp...
Comparison of Program-centric vs Student-centric National Resident Matching Algorithms.

Importance The current program-centric algorithm for the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) primarily uses the program's ranking of students to determine a match. Concerns that the existing algorithm favors programs over students, recent findings that the program's ranking of applicants is not associated with resident performance, and disruptions of existing screening methods and metrics have prompted reevaluation of the current algorithm relative to a student-centric algorithm, in which student ranking of programs is primary and program ranking of students is secondary. Objective To compare program-centric and student-centric algorithms for the NRMP participants. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study used randomized computer-generated data reflecting the NRMP match for 2018, 2019, and 2020, capturing more than 50 000 students and more than 4000 programs in 23 specialties, to compare the 2 algorithms. Exposures The same simulated students, programs, and rankings were exposed to the 2 algorithms, running 2300 simulations in the overall analysis and 1000 simulations in each of 23 specialties. Main Outcomes and Measures The percentage of students who did and did not match, the percentage of students who matched to their top-ranked and top-5-ranked programs, and the program's rank of the last student matched per position were examined. Results The 2 algorithms were not different in percentage of students matched overall (eg, for 2020, program-centric: 59% [95% CI, 57%-61%]; student-centric: 58% [95% CI, 56%-60%]; P = .73). The student-centric algorithm, relative to the program-centric algorithm, matched a significantly higher percentage of students to their first-ranked program (eg, for 2020, 50% [95% CI, 48%-52%] vs 14% [95% CI, 13%-15%]; P < .001) and to their top-5-ranked programs (eg, for 2020, 60% [95% CI, 58%-62%] vs 46% [95% CI, 44%-48%]; P < .001). However, the last position was filled with students who had lower program rankings in the student-centric algorithm vs the program-centric algorithm (2 [95% CI, 1-2] vs 8 [95% CI, 6-10]; P < .001). Conclusions and Relevance In this study, the 2 algorithms were not different in the percentage of students matched overall. However, the student-centric algorithm matched a significantly higher percentage of students to their preferred programs. The program-centric algorithm was associated with a lower program's last matched student rank. Further research is needed on the algorithms' associations with cost and time demands in the match, postmatch resident and program performance, and fit with a changing environment.
A 15-year follow up of an anterior maxillary dental implant after site development through root tipping

Download : Download high-res image (69KB) Download : Download full-size image This article presents an update of a clinical case report for a 30-year-old female referred by the periodontist for an orthodontic consultation involving a severe angular bony defect on her maxillary left central incisor. Alveolar bone development through forced eruption concurrent with tipping of the remaining root fragment of the maxillary left central incisor was attempted. Adequate alveolar bone height and width were obtained. Subsequently, this tooth was replaced with an endosseous implant. The patient was followed consecutively for 15 years. Despite the challenges related to smile esthetics, infraocclusion, soft tissue, and alveolar bone loss associated with an endosseous implant replacing a single missing tooth in an esthetic zone, photographic records for the patient over 15 years showed stable results without signs of compromised esthetics or bone loss.
Protein Tyrosine Phosphorylation-Dephosphorylation and Cell Signaling

Tyrosine phosphorylation, discovered a little over ten years ago, has represented one of the most exciting developments in the field of cellular regulation. It has been well established that receptor or membrane-bound tyrosine kinases afford primary signals capable of affecting the activity of secondary enzymes downstream ultimately leading to cell growth, proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, overexpression or constitutive activation by mutation of the receptor-linked or low molecular weight enzymes can result in oncogenic transformation (for review, see 1–5). However, for these processes to be fully regulated, there must be protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) to catalyze the reverse reaction. This article addresses some structural characteristics of these enzymes and their involvement in cell cycle and transformation (for review, see 6–9). When this work was initiated, it was assumed that if transformation could be brought about by overexpression of tyrosine kinases, then overexpression of the phosphatases might reverse these reactions. As will be seen from this report, this is not necessarily true.
The Internet and Pornography: What if Congress and the Supreme Court Had Been Comprised of Techies in 1995-1997?

The legislative and political choices at the birth of the information technology society caused and will likely continue to cause significant ramifications in the course of digitizing human culture. This article considers both the positive and negative ways that the crash of the Communications Decency Act (the CDA), as well as Congress and the Supreme Court's understandings of the Internet at the time, may influence subsequent technological, legal, and social developments involving the World Wide Web. This article explores answers to these questions: What we can assume about Congress and the Supreme Court's Internet understanding in 1995-1997? What if the 104th Congress and the Supreme Court that dealt with the CDA had been more tech-savvy? Would Congress have written a better, tighter statute or none at all? What sorts of technological advancements might have been allowed to flourish, and what sorts would have stalled? Would the U.S. government have kept a tighter hold on the ability to enforce violations of law in the Domain Name System? Would the Court have framed its analysis differently, even if it ultimately ruled that the CDA was unconstitutional? How might the lives of members of the Net Generation played out differently? After considering various arguments that the failure of the CDA was beneficial to the Internet and society, this article suggests that the CDA debacle may have cost us dearly in terms of what we value most. It looks at the importance of the continued unregulated "Wild West" mentality and the incentive of the pornography industry in developing new technology. The Article then suggests that the Wild West was sold out to economic interests anyway and that other kinds of technology were left undeveloped. The Article surveys what happened in terms of age-inappropriate sexually explicit content online: the increase in the quantity, ease of access by children, and availability of more graphic, more intense, and more dangerous images. In addition, if an appropriate regulation were in place, perhaps the U.S. government and the public would have made different choices in spinning off Internet root control to a private corporation, the International Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). Finally, the article compares the Internet to radio and television and argues that a better informed Reno I Court might have dealt differently with the 1978 precedent of FCC v. Pacifica, even in finding the CDA unconstitutional. I conclude that the events of these early years in addressing Internet pornography laws have vastly complicated the work that must now be done.
Bibliomining for Library Decision-Making

Most people think of a library as the little brick building in the heart of their community or the big brick building in the center of a campus. These notions greatly oversimplify the world of libraries, however. Most large commercial organizations have dedicated in-house library operations, as do schools, non-gov-ernmental organizations, as well as local, state, and federal governments. With the increasing use of the Internet and the World Wide Web, digital libraries have burgeoned, and these serve a huge variety of different user audiences. With this ex-panded view of libraries, two key insights arise. First, libraries are typically embedded within larger institutions. Corporate libraries serve their corporations, academic libraries serve their universities, and public libraries serve taxpaying communities who elect overseeing representatives. Second, libraries play a pivotal role within their institutions as repositories and pro-viders of information resources. In the provider role, libraries represent in microcosm the intellectual and learning activities of the people who comprise the institution. This fact provides the basis for the strategic importance of library data mining: By ascertaining what users are seeking, bibliomining can reveal insights that have meaning in the context of the library’s host institution.Use of data mining to examine library data might be aptly termed
Utilizing visual attention for cross-modal coreference interpretation

In this paper, we describe an exploratory study to develop a model of visual attention that could aid automatic interpretation of exophors in situated dialog. The model is intended to support the reference resolution needs of embodied conversational agents, such as graphical avatars and robotic collaborators. The model tracks the attentional state of one dialog participant as it is represented by his visual input stream, taking into account the recency, exposure time, and visual distinctness of each viewed item. The model correctly predicts the correct referent of 52% of referring expressions produced by speakers in human-human dialog while they were collaborating on a task in a virtual world. This accuracy is comparable with reference resolution based on calculating linguistic salience for the same data.
Keynote address: the 3D imaging service at Massachusetts general hospital: 11 years experience

In 1999, we set out to create a radiology three-dimensional (3D) imaging service at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH). Our goal was two-fold: first, to integrate 3D image post-processing capabilities, computer-aided diagnosis (CAD), and quantitative analysis into the routine clinical workflow; and second, to create an infrastructure generally more conducive to the transfer of new image-processing technologies from the research realm into clinical use. Initially, we found that although our institution possessed several 3D imaging workstations, they were used only occasionally for research purposes and, when a clinical request for 3D post-processing was made, the staff lacked the expertise and experience to fulfill those requests.
A role for ATP hydrolysis in vaccinia virus early gene transcription. Dissociation of the early transcription factor-promoter complex

Vaccinia virus RNA polymerase requires the vaccinia early transcription factor, VETF, for the in vitro initiation of transcription at early gene promoters in a reaction requiring ATP hydrolysis. VETF binds specifically to early gene promoters and has an associated DNA-dependent ATPase activity. The effect of ATP on the interaction of VETF with the promoter for the vaccinia growth factor gene promoter has been examined. ATP had no marked effect on the steady-state level of promoter binding but dramatically affected the kinetics of dissociation of VETF from the promoter. The half-life of the VETF-promoter complex was greatly reduced in the presence of ATP. The destabilization of the complex was specific for ATP and dATP, consistent with the substrate specificity of the VETF-associated ATPase. ADP or the non-hydrolyzable ATP analog adenylyl-imidodiphosphate did not destabilize the complex suggesting that ATP hydrolysis is obligatory for dissociation. These findings provide a link between the promoter binding and ATPase activities associated with VETF and suggest that the ATP-dependent dissociation of the VETF-promoter complex is an important event in the transcription of vaccinia virus early genes.
Semantically driven meta-modelling: automating model construction in an environmental decision support system for the assessment of ecosystem services flows

ARIES (Artificial Intelligence for Ecosystem Services) is a large-scale project aimed to supporting environmental decision-making by quantifying and spatially mapping the flows of benefits provided by natural systems to humans. Because only ad-hoc models can reflect local conditions with enough detail to support decision making, ARIES needs to specialize its predictive models to a highly diverse set of contexts. This article describes the approach adopted in ARIES to automate the construction of ad-hoc models of variable structure, based on a set of context observations and on rules that encode the expert knowledge that associates model structure to specific environmental, social and economic conditions.
High Temperature Thermoelectric Properties of the Solid-Solution Zintl Phase Eu11Cd6- xZnxSb12

Solid-solution Zintl compounds with the formula Eu11Cd6–xZnxSb12 have been synthesized from the elements as single crystals using a tin flux according to the stoichiometry Eu:Cd:Zn:Sb:Sn of 11:6–xp:xp:12:30 with xp = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, where xp is the preparative amount of Zn employed in the reaction. The crystal structures and the compositions were established by single-crystal as well as powder X-ray diffraction and wavelength-dispersive X-ray analysis measurements. The title solid-solution Zintl compounds crystallize isostructurally in the centrosymmetric monoclinic space group C 2/m (No. 12, Z = 2) as the Sr11Cd6Sb12 structure type (Pearson symbol mC58). There is a miscibility gap at 3 ≤ xp ≤ 4 where the major product crystallizes in a disordered structure related to the Ca9Mn4Bi9 structure type; otherwise, for all other compositions, the Sr11Cd6Sb12 structure is the majority phase. Eu11Cd6Sb12 shows lower lattice thermal conductivity relative to Eu11Zn6Sb12 consistent with its higher mean atomi...
CORRELATION OF VENUS SURFACE FEATURES AND GEOID

Abstract The distributions of pairs of features on Venus are compared using simple statistical tests. We consider coronae types, crater types, and chasmata; some of these are obviously associated, and some are possibly associated. Coronae are grouped to represent evolutionary stages, tectonic and volcanic modification of craters is considered, and the chasmata are represented by five great circle arcs. These arcs fit rift or extension zones at the 90% level, totaling 55,000 km, comparable to the length of spreading ridges on Earth. Comparing these sets with Venus' geoid field, we find that all the chasmata correlate positively with geoid highs and negatively with lows, with the peaks in the geoid field occurring at the intersections of the arcs. Modified craters also exhibit this relation to the geoid. The domal coronae, the youngest and currently active, may be sites of upwelling. These correlate strongly with geoid highs and negatively with geoid lows, whereas later-stage coronae, the majority, do not show this correlation. Strong association of the youngest coronae with Themis–Atla suggests that the most recent activity occurs along this arc.
Family-Centered Care during Cesarean Delivery: A New Approach

Childbearing Poster Presentation Purpose for the Program A significant number of women deliver their infants by cesarean in the operating room (OR). In most hospitals, this number is more than one of every four deliveries. The primary emphasis in cesarean delivery is safety for mother and infant during the surgical procedure. To adhere to the traditional standards of the OR, we have had to limit the number of people in attendance and limit the time mothers spend with their newborns. Our current challenge is to identify ways to adhere to OR standards, keep our patients safe, and still promote bonding, family‐centered care, and successful breastfeeding. Proposed Change Patient feedback as well as current literature inspired us to review our current cesarean delivery practices. Our facility created an interdisciplinary team to explore alternative options and develop a realistic plan that met the needs of patients and staff. Our goal was to increase patient satisfaction and promote comfort, bonding, the family unit, and early breastfeeding initiation. Implementation, Outcomes, and Evaluation After successful initiation with vaginal deliveries of a skin‐to‐skin and early breastfeeding campaign entitled The Golden Hour, we convened an interdisciplinary team to evaluate how we could implement a family‐centered care approach for the cesarean delivery experience. The plan included the following three elements: Comfort (iPods in the OR with playlists, dimmed lighting, comfortable positioning); Bonding (adjusting the infant warmer to have a better line of sight for the mother, keeping the stable infant in the OR, and offering skin‐to‐skin contact); and Family unit (allowing the father to be in the OR for spinal placement during scheduled deliveries and when appropriate allowing two family members in the OR). After an initial small pilot, verbal feedback from patients and healthcare providers suggested that patients were most satisfied when their families remained together and they had the opportunity for skin‐to‐skin interaction, even for a short time. Anesthesiologists and nurses requested increased nursing staff in the OR to make this experience successful. They also requested the development of specific guidelines to define which patients were candidates for these options. Implications for Nursing Practice Patients who deliver by cesarean often have delayed breastfeeding initiation and bonding because they are separated from their infants. As nurses we are in a position to find creative ways to overcome these barriers and help families remain together.
Universal critical normal sheet resistance in ultrathin films.

A simple analysis is given to ultrathin-film systems. Based on the physical picture proposed that the superconducting-insulating phase transition at T-0 is a combined effect of the pairing and localization in two-dimensional systems, the normal-state sheet resistance is evaluated in the vicinity of the transition. It is found to be universal and equal to h/(2e${)}^{2}$, independent of the details of different samples as observed in experiments. A similar formulation can be also used to explain the quantized conductance in narrow channels.
A computational method to discover the existence of promoting vibrations for chemical reactions in condensed phases

A computational method to discover the existence of vibrations (promoting vibrations) symmetrically coupled to the reaction coordinate is presented in the context of chemical reactions in condensed phases. Using the Zwanzig Hamiltonian as a theoretical model and molecular dynamics simulations of a model, linear triatomic in a Lennard–Jones liquid, it is shown that such a coupled motion leaves a unique signature on the spectral density computed from the autocorrelated force on the reaction coordinate. The spectral density is shown to have a peak at the effective frequency of the promoting vibration whose height increases with the reaction coordinate and vanishes at the transition state.
Spectral Data of Chemical Modification Products of Costunolide

Abstract Epoxidation of costunolide (1) yielded parthenolide (3), 1, 10-epoxycostunolide (4), and the cyclization products of 4, santamarin (5), reynosin (6), magnolialide (7) and a 1, 4-epoxyeudesmanolide (8). Reduction of santamarin (5) with sodium borohydride afforded 11, 13-dihydrosantamarin (9) and an eudesmen-triol (10). Reduction of reynosin (6) provided 11, 13-dihydroreynosin (11) and the two eudesman-triols 12 and 13. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by ID and 2D 1H and 13C NMR spectral methods.
Observations of Low-Latitude Coronal Plumes

Using Fe ix/x 17.1 nm observations from the Extreme-Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (EIT) on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), we have identified many coronal plumes inside low-latitude coronal holes as they transited the solar limb during the late declining phase of cycle 23. These diffuse, linear features appear to be completely analogous to the familiar polar plumes. By tracking them as they rotate from the limb onto the disk (or vice versa), we confirm that EUV plumes seen against the disk appear as faint, diffuse blobs of emission surrounding a brighter core. When the EIT images are compared with near-simultaneous magnetograms from the SOHO Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI), the low-latitude, on-disk plumes are found to overlie regions of mixed polarity, where small bipoles are in contact with unipolar flux concentrations inside the coronal hole. The birth and decay of the plumes are shown to be closely related to the emergence of ephemeral regions, their dispersal in the supergranular flow field, and the cancellation of the minority-polarity flux against the dominant-polarity network elements. In addition to the faint polar and nonpolar plumes associated with ephemeral regions, we note the existence of two topologically similar coronal structures: the giant plume-like features that occur above active regions inside coronal holes, and the even larger scale “pseudostreamers” that separate coronal holes of the same polarity. In all three cases, the basic structure consists of open field lines of a given polarity overlying a photospheric region of the opposite polarity; ongoing interchange reconnection at the X-point separating the open field domains from the underlying double-arcade system appears to result in the steady evaporation of material from the closed into the open region.
A Petri net approach for modelling controls of a computer-integrated assembly cell

Abstract A computer-integrated assembly cell (CIAC) plays an important role in modern manufacturing systems. To maximize cell utilization, multiple assembly jobs are often scheduled concurrently without consideration for the complex interaction between workstations. Sharing of assembly workstations among a set of concurrently flowing processes may cause deadlocks and conflicts, which are difficult to detect during programming of the cell's controller. This paper presents an overview of the control models developed for deadlock and conflict detection, and performance evaluation of manufacturing plans processed in a CIAC. Petri net formalism is used as the modelling tool for its ability to model concurrent and asynchronous activities, and for its well developed mathematical foundation for analysis and performance evaluation. The control model presented in this paper consists of modules for Petri net generation, deadlock detection, and performance evaluation. The control model may be applied to debugging con...
The Effect of Cataract Surgery on the Blood-Anueous Barrier

Orally-administered fluorescein was used as a quantitative test of the blood-aqueous barrier in a group of patients who had undergone cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation in one eye. There was no statistically significant difference in the concentration of fluorescein in the anterior chamber between the aphakic or pseudophakic eye and the control eye of the total group of 46 patients. Eyes with an intracapsular cataract extraction with medallion suture implant lens, however, had a significantly lower concentration of fluorescein in the anterior chamber as compared to the control eye. This difference is probably due to loss of fluorescein into the vitreous by mixing and diffusion. In eyes with an intact posterior capsule, the time course of anterior chamber fluorescence in the aphakic eye is more comparable to that of the phakic eye. In such eyes the blood-aqueous barrier seems to remain normal long after cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation.
Effect of Starvation on Exchangeable Potassium and Tissue K42 Content in Rabbits.

Summary1. Male rabbits were starved in order to study the effect of a decrease in food intake on potassium metabolism. 2. Serial determinations of the exchangeable potassium content and urinary potassium and creatinine excretion were made in one group of animals. The mean decrease in exchangeable potassiumcontent was 29.8 and 54.6% of the baseline value after one and two weeks respectively. The corresponding mean decrease was 15.6 and 31.7% in body weight. No significant changes in urinary creatinine excretion occurred. 3. In a separate group of rabbits, tissue analyses for radiopotassium and water concentration after one week of starvation revealed no significant changes when compared with control animals, continued on a constant diet. 4. The decrease in total body potassium content, as measured by the exchange of isotopic potassium, as well as the loss in the urine during starvation could be accounted for on the basis of tissue catabolism without postulating an intracellular deficiency of this cation in...
Coping and Psychological Distress Among Genderqueer Individuals: The Moderating Effect of Social Support

This study examined the relationships between social support, coping, depression, and anxiety in a sample of genderqueer individuals (n = 64). Genderqueer is a label used within the broader transgender community and is defined as a gender identity that is outside the binary construct of male and female. Findings indicate that 53% (n = 34) of participants reported clinical levels of depression and 39% (n = 25) reported clinical levels of anxiety. There was a direct relationship between social support and depression and anxiety, indicating that more social support is associated with less depression and anxiety when statistically excluding coping factors. In addition, more facilitative coping (e.g., seeking help) was related to less anxiety, whereas more avoidant coping (e.g., avoiding emotions) was related to more anxiety and depression. There was a significant interaction between social support and coping factors when predicting anxiety, such that individuals who reported higher social support used more fa...
A calculus for network delay. II. Network analysis

For pt.I see ibid., vol.37, no.1, p.114-31 (1991). A method to analyze the flow of data in a network consisting of the interconnection of network elements is presented. Assuming the data that enters the network satisfies burstiness constraints, burstiness constraints are derived for traffic flowing between network elements. These derived constraints imply bounds on network delay and buffering requirements. By example, it is shown that the use of regulator elements within the network can reduce maximum network delay. It is also found that such a use of regulator elements can enlarge the throughput region where finite bounds for delay are found. Finally, it is shown how regulator elements connected in series can be used to enforce general burstiness constraints. >
Cultural critique and avant-garde theatre in post-socialist China: Meng Jinghui’s ‘I love therefore I am’:

The literal translation of avant-garde from French is ‘foreguard’. While the front has been diversely defined in various permutations of the movement, the cutting edge of avant-garde theatre in China and many post-socialist countries is largely retrospective and anti-futuristic. This is particularly true for the campus-based fringe theatre of the early 1990s, which is regarded as the highlight of avant-garde theatre in China. An alternative venue spearheaded by young theatre artists, avant-garde fringe theatre is notable for unpacking the cultural and political constructs of the Chinese socialist period as it played out through the artists’ own formative experiences. Directed by Meng Jinghu, I Love XXX chronicles the moral emotions that are central to a generation’s self-identity. The play, which is composed of more than 700 parallel sentences prefixed with ‘I love’, presents a meticulously constructed emotional archive of the generation that was born in the late socialist period and came of age in post-socialist China. Imitating rites of passage and classroom drills, the play effectively illuminates the impact affective education had on an individual’s self-perception. The fact that the play was revived in 2013 – 19 years after its initial appearance – proves its enduring relevance in contemporary China.
Spectrometric and thin-layer chromatographic quantification of sulfathiazole residues in honey

Description d'un protocole de separation et de quantification, dans le domaine des concentrations de 0,1 a 1 ppm, de ce sulfamide, utilise pour la lutte contre une maladie des abeilles et que l'on retrouve dans des miels de differents types
Intestinal prolapse through enterostomy following Rammstedt operation

Abstract A Rammstedt operation for a pyloric stenosis was performed on a four weeks old infant. One week later a paralytic ileus necessitated an enterostomy. Six days after this second operation a subphrenic abscess and four days later a pelvic abscess were drained. On the top of all these complications a prolapse of invaginated afferent and efferent loops developed through the enterostomy opening. A rubber sponge applied over the stoma proved effective in the prevention of recurrences of this intussusception and eventration. A spontaneous closure of the enterostomy followed.
The role of inference in children's comprehension and memory for sentences

Abstract In a series of studies, young children often failed to construct and remember inferred relationships which they were capable of understanding. A cued recall procedure was employed to assess the relative effectiveness of implicit and explicit word prompts for sentence memory. The implicit cues were much less effective than the explicit cues for 6–7 yr old children while the cue types did not differ for 11–12 yr olds. Instructions to imitate the actions described by the sentences eliminated the memory difference for the young children. Developmental improvement in spontaneous inferential operations and intentional plans to remember are mechanisms which appear to yield an elaborated memory representation and greater access routes through indirect and implied relationships.
Studies on ornithine decarboxylase activity in the isolated perfused rat liver.

Abstract l -Ornithine decarboxylase ( l -ornithine carboxy-lyase, EC 4.1.1.17) activity was studied in the isolated perfused rat liver. Activity was lost rapidly on perfusion in the presence of cycloheximide to block protein synthesis but the decline was retarded in the presence of high levels of amino acids. An even more rapid loss of activity was produced by the addition of 5 mM putrescine to the perfusion medium. In this case, activity was lost with a half-time of 15 min. Perfusion for 3 h in a recirculating system in the presence of 10 times normal plasma levels of amino acids led to a 4–5-fold increase in ornithine decarboxylase activity during the final hour of perfusion. This effect was also seen in perfusion of livers from hypophysectomized or adrenalectomized rats. Growth hormone produced an additional increase of activity during a 3 h perfusion. Although amino acids were required for the increased activity, a similar increase could not be produced by addition of l -ornithine or dihydro- l -orotate to the perfusion medium. Since putrescine levels fell during the first 2 h of perfusion it is suggested that the increase of ornithine decarboxylase activity was in response to the lowered putrescine levels. Addition of putrescine to the perfusion medium at any time produced a rapid revesal of the increase in activity. After perfusion in the presence of putrescine a non-diffusible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase was found in liver extracts. These data indicate the value of the isolated perfused liver in studies of the control of onithine decarboxylase and strongly support the hypothesis that putrescine levels may play a key role in regulating ornithine decarboxylase activity and polyamine synthesis.
Mastocytosis: magnetic resonance imaging patterns of marrow disease

Objective. To report the bone marrow MRI findings of patients with mastocytosis and correlate them with clinical, pathologic, and radiographic features. Design and patients. Eighteen patients with mastocytosis had T1-weighted spin echo and short tau inversion recovery MRI of the pelvis at 0.5 T. In each patient the MR pattern of marrow disease was classified according to intensity and uniformity and was correlated with the clinical category of mastocytosis, bone marrow biopsy results, and radiographic findings. Results. Two patients had normal MRI scans and normal bone marrow biopsies. One patient had a normal MRI scan and a marrow biopsy consistent with mastocytosis. Fifteen patients had abnormal MRI scans and abnormal marrow biopsies. There were several different MR patterns of marrow involvement; none was specifically associated with any given clinical category of mastocytosis. Fifteen of the 18 patients had radiographs of the pelvis; of those, 13 with abnormal MRI scans and abnormal marrow biopsies had the following radiographic findings: normal (nine); sclerosis (three); diffuse osteopenia (one). Conclusion. While radiographs are very insensitive for the detection of marrow abnormalities in mastocytosis, MRI is very sensitive and may display several different patterns of marrow involvement.
Pattern regulation in the ventral histoblasts of the housefly: Induction of sternal pattern abnormalities by mechanical wounding of larval epidermal cells

In higher Diptera, two nests of diploid cells called the ventral histoblasts, located one on either side of each abdominal segment among the polytene larval epidermal cells, give rise to the sternite and its surrounding pleura. During metamorphosis of the insect, these two groups of cells migrate and meet with each other in the midventral region of the developing adult. The cuticular pattern elements and pigmentation in the fifth sternite of the male housefly, when compared to those of other segments as well as the tergites of both sexes, are quite distinct. The above-mentioned features, coupled with the smaller number and predictable occurrence of one of the pattern elements in this sternite, viz, the primary forceps, help one to determine the developmental potential of the histoblast nest and the regulation of its potential which occur at the time of fusion of the two contralateral nests of this segment. A simple operation of slitting the larval epidermal cells (LEC) in a hemisegment in the vicinity of the histoblast nest or extirpation or rotation of a small rectangular piece of LEC between the ventral nest and the midventral line produced pattern abnormalities including mirror image duplication in the hemisternite. An analysis of these pattern abnormalities in the different segments and, in particular, in the fifth segment provides a dynamic picture of the formation of the median sternite. Further, these abnormalities indicate the significance of the presence of the intervening pleural cells between the confronting hemisternites under experimental conditions. Thus, each of the fifth ventral nests has the developmental potential to form more than half of the final sternite pattern. Possible mechanisms for the formation of the normal median sternite during metamorphosis and for the formation of duplicated hemisternites and their fusion products under experimental conditions are discussed in light of current models of pattern regulation.