cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Risk assessment and operational approaches to managing risk in global supply chains

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide the organization with a process for assessing risk associated with their supply chain and a framework from which they can build their strategy to manage risk. Design/methodology/approach – The proposed process is based on a compilation of research and interactions with supply chain managers in various industries, and these sources provide a specific process to identify how critical the risk is, when to act upon it, and how to manage it. An adapted risk mitigation framework organizes strategies according to the likelihood of disruption and consequences. Included is an industry example used to demonstrate the framework. Findings – The variability and uncertainty associated with supply chain risks make disruption difficult to predict. Furthermore, getting information from suppliers about the amount of risk associated with their operation in an attempt to scope one's own risk can be a challenge. Management must consider the amount of risk the organization is g...
C2-4: Harmonizing Measures for Implementation Science Using Crowd-Sourcing

Background/Aims Implementation science (IS) is a priority topic in the renewal funding of the Cancer Research Network and encompasses a broad range of constructs and uses measures from a variety of disciplines. However, there has been little standardization of measures or agreement on definitions of constructs across different studies, fields, authors, or research groups. Moreover, many measures developed are not practical in real-world settings such as healthcare delivery systems. To further the field of IS, there is a need to both identify and evaluate IS measures on both their validity and practical relevance.
The strength of transcription-factor binding modulates co-variation in transcriptional networks

An appreciable fraction of the transcriptome differs in level of expression among individuals. Transcription factor (TF) expression and DNA binding causes cell-specific activation and repression of downstream targets, and TF expression levels vary across individuals. However, it is not clear how the strength of DNA binding for individual TFs translates into regulatory control, or whether a different set of binding motifs is used for strongly regulated modules. Here we integrate two publicly available data sets in Drosophila melanogaster, as well as conduct novel analyses, to address these questions.
How Software Designs Decay: A Pilot Study of Pattern Evolution

A common belief is that software designs decay as systems evolve. This research examines the extent to which software designs actually decay by studying the aging of design patterns in successful object oriented systems. Aging of design patterns is measured using various types of decay indices developed for this research. Decay indices track the internal structural changes of a design pattern realization and the code that surrounds the realization. Hypotheses for each kind of decay are tested. We found that the original design pattern functionality remains, and pattern decay is due to the "grime ", non-pattern code, that grows around the pattern realization.
Who Gives, Who Receives, and Who Wins? Transforming Capital Into Political Change Through Nongovernmental Organizations

How does international support for nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) lead to political change in the developing world? Massive amounts of domestic government spending and international aid are now distributed through NGOs instead of state bureaucracies. Recent scholarship suggests that this decentralization of developmental aid to NGOs has unintended political effects on recipient communities, but the mechanisms driving political effects are unclear. In this article, the authors test whether NGO type affects the results of NGO aid, comparing the political impact of politicized and nonpoliticized NGOs. They do not find any difference between politicized and nonpoliticized NGOs. The results imply that to create political change, ideological predispositions held by individual NGOs are less important than is their ability to raise the level of social capital and civil society. Simply providing the infrastructure necessary to develop social capital and civil society can have a measurable political impact.
Photon-gated spectral hole burning in Pr(3+):YAG.

We observed photon-gated spectral hole burning in Pr:YAG and assigned the hole-burning mechanism to selective photoionization of trivalent praseodymium. Gated holes were observed in absorption lines to the two lowest components of the 1D2 manifold. At 1.4 K the gating ratio is in excess of 1.5 × 104. Strong competition from the transient mechanism of optical pumping of hyperfine levels occurs below 6 K.
Combinatorial Proofs of Identities in Ramanujan's Lost Notebook Associated with the Rogers-Fine Identity and False Theta Functions

Ramanujan’s lost notebook contains several identities arising from the Rogers-Fine identity and/or Rogers’ false theta functions. Combinatorial proofs for many of these identities are given.
GridAtlas — A grid application and resource configuration repository and discovery service

Although access to grid resources is realized through a standardized interface, independent grid resources are not only managed autonomously but are also accessed as independent entities. Such environment results in configuration differences among individual resources forcing users that access those resources to deal with the variability in resource configurations. This behaviour breaks the concept of interpreting the grid as a unified entity and forces the users to think of the grid in terms of individual resources. Concretely, this variability is expressed through the requirement for the users to explicitly state application installation properties on individual resources during each job submission. This is a tedious, error-prone and unnecessary process that acts as a barrier in the use of the grid. In this paper, a tool named GridAtlas is presented that keeps up with the details of individual resource and application configurations and makes such data easily accessible from a well-known location through web-service API calls or a web interface. This paper describes the architecture of the GridAtlas service along with use cases where GridAtlas has been successfully applied and illustrates the benefit of such a service in real grid environments.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal propagule densities respond rapidly to ponderosa pine restoration treatments

Summary 1. Mycorrhizae form a critical link between above-ground plants and the soil system by influencing plant nutrition, nutrient cycling and soil structure. Understanding how mycorrhizae respond to disturbances may lead to important advances in interpreting above-ground plant recovery. 2. The inoculum potential for arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi was investigated in thinned-only, thinned and prescribed burned (both restoration treatments) and unthinned and unburned control stands in northern Arizona ponderosa pine forests. The relationships between mycorrhizal fungal propagule densities and plant community and soil properties were quantified. 3. The relative amount of infective propagules of AM fungi was significantly higher in samples collected from both restoration treatments than their paired controls (unthinned and unburned stands). In contrast, the same restoration treatments had no significant effect on the relative amount of infective propagules of EM fungi. 4. The relative amount of infective propagules of AM fungi was significantly positively correlated with graminoid cover and herbaceous understorey species richness and negatively correlated with overstorey tree canopy cover and litter cover. 5. Synthesis and applications . These results indicate that population densities of AM fungi can rapidly increase following restoration treatments in northern Arizona ponderosa pine forests. This has important implications for restoring the herbaceous understorey of these forests because most understorey plants depend on AM associations for normal growth. These results also can be applied to other ecosystems that are in a state of restoration or where the role of fire is just beginning to be understood.
On range query indexing for efficient stream processing

To monitor a large number of continual range queries against a rapid data stream, each incoming data item should only be evaluated against relevant queries, not all the queries. Generally speaking, a main memory-based query index with a small storage cost and a fast search time is needed. In this paper, we study a 2D range query index that meets both criteria. It centers around a set of predefined, containment-encoded squares, or CES's. CES's are multi-layered, virtual constructs used to decompose range queries and maintain the query index. With containment-encoding, the search process is extremely efficient; most of the operations can be carried out by a simple logical-shift instruction. Simulations show that, with a small index storage cost, the CES-based query index substantially outperforms other alternatives in search time.
Arthroscopic debridement of subchondral bone cysts in the distal phalanx of 11 horses (1994-2000).

Summary Reasons for performing study: Historically, there has been a consensus that conservative management of subchondral cystic lesions of the distal phalanx carries a poor prognosis. Surgical management has been advocated; however, there are no reports documenting its routine use and successful surgical treatment. Objectives: To describe arthroscopically-guided curettage of distal phalangeal subchondral cystic lesions (SCLs) and report the qualitative and quantitative results in 11 affected horses age 16–33 months. Methods: Medical records of horses with previously treated lameness resulting from SCLs of the third phalanx were reviewed. Arthroscopic debridement of the SCLs was described. Follow-up information was obtained from race records and telephone contact with owners and trainers. The sign-rank test was used to compare performance of operated racehorses to that of unoperated siblings. Results: Ten of the 11 horses (91%) in the study returned to athletic soundness after surgical treatment and had performance records similar to their siblings. Conclusions: Data show that arthroscopic debridement of distal phalangeal SCLs is a viable treatment for affected horses age 16–33 months and can result in a successful return to intended athletic performance. No horses younger than 16 months or older than 33 months were treated and results in horses younger or older than this group may vary in success. Potential relevance: The description of treatment and approach used for arthroscopic curettage will increase awareness of this option and increase treatment options for this condition.
CRANE: Failure Prediction, Change Analysis and Test Prioritization in Practice -- Experiences from Windows

Building large software systems is difficult. Maintaining large systems is equally hard. Making post-release changes requires not only thorough understanding of the architecture of a software component about to be changed but also its dependencies and interactions with other components in the system. Testing such changes in reasonable time and at a reasonable cost is a difficult problem as infinitely many test cases can be executed for any modification. It is important to obtain a risk assessment of impact of such post-release change fixes. Further, testing of such changes is complicated by the fact that they are applicable to hundreds of millions of users, even the smallest mistakes can translate to a very costly failure and re-work. There has been significant amount of research in the software engineering community on failure prediction, change analysis and test prioritization. Unfortunately, there is little evidence on the use of these techniques in day-to-day software development in industry. In this paper, we present our experiences with CRANE: a failure prediction, change risk analysis and test prioritization system at Microsoft Corporation that leverages existing research for the development and maintenance of Windows Vista. We describe the design of CRANE, validation of its useful-ness and effectiveness in practice and our learnings to help enable other organizations to implement similar tools and practices in their environment.
Computational Framework for Generating Visual Summaries of Topical Clusters in Twitter Streams

As a huge amount of tweets become available online, it has become an opportunity and a challenge to extract useful information from tweets for various purposes. This chapter proposes a novel way to extract topical structure from a large set of tweets and generate a usable summarization along with related topical keywords. Our system covers the full span of the topical analytics of tweets starting with collecting the tweets, processing and preparing them for text analysis, forming clusters of relevant words, and generating visual summaries of most relevant keywords along with their topical context. We evaluate our system by conducting a user study and the results suggest that users are able to detect relevant information and infer relationships between keywords better with our summarization method than they do with the commonly used word cloud visualizations.
Acyclovir (Zovirax) pharmacokinetics in Quaker parakeets, Myiopsitta monachus.

The pharmacokinetics of intravenous (i.v.) and intramuscular (i.m.) single-dose administration of acyclovir were determined in Quaker parakeets. After i.v. injection at a dose of 20 mg/kg of acyclovir, elimination half-life was estimated at 0.65 h, volume of distribution at steady state was 627.65 ml/kg, and clearance was 11.22 ml/kg/min. The estimated pharmacokinetic values after i.m. injection at a dose of 40 mg/kg of acyclovir were an elimination half-life of 0.71 h and a bioavailability of 90.1%. The peak plasma acyclovir concentration occurred at 15 min when the drug was administered i.m. Plasma concentrations of acyclovir were undetectable 4–6 h after i.v. administration and 68 h after i.m. administration. Oral (capsules) and intravenous (sodium salt) formulations of acyclovir were given by gavage at 80 mg/kg. Peak concentrations with the sodium salt formulation were lower and developed more slowly than with the capsules. In studies designed to detect excessive drug accumulation or adverse side effects, acyclovir was administered i.m. at 40 mg/kg every 8 h for 7 days. Plasma concentrations were determined 15 min after (peak) and just prior to drug administration (trough). In another study acyclovir was gavaged at a dose of 80 mg/kg every 8 h for 4 days. Acyclovir plasma concentrations were determined just prior to and 2 h after drug administration. In both experiments, the birds maintained normal appetite and weight and did not exhibit excessive drug accumulation. Acyclovir plasma concentrations ranging from 2.07 ± 1.09 μg/ml to 3.93 ± 1.13 μg/ml were maintained for 4 days when acyclovir was administered in the feed and water (sole source of food and water). The feed contained 400 mg of acyclovir in 2 quarts of parrot seed and the water contained 1 mg of acyclovir per ml of water.
Screening of Odor and Taste Repellents for Control of White-tailed Deer Browse to Apples or Apple Shoots

Abstract A rapid method was developed for evaluating deer repellents using apples or apple shoots were placed on 1 m (3.3 ft) stakes in a highly populated white-tailed deer area. Big Game Repellent...
The Role Of Audit Committee Independence, Auditor Tenure, And Their Interaction On Managers’ Accounting Discretion

This study examines the role of audit committee independence and auditor tenure on client managers’ accounting discretion. It also examines the impact of the interaction between independent audit committees and long lasting auditors on managers’ accounting discretion. The results show that independent audit committees lower managers’ accounting discretion and auditor tenure is negatively associated with managers’ accounting discretion. In addition, this study provides evidence that the interaction between independent audit committees and external auditors having long-term relationships has an incremental effect on the managers’ reporting flexibility.
Typological Consequences of Local Constraint Conjunction

Local conjunction is a mechanism in Optimality Theory for constructing complex constraints from simpler ones (Green 1993, Smolensky 1993). If C1 and C2 are constraints, and D is a representational domain type (e.g. segment, cluster, syllable, stem), then (C1 & C2)D, the local conjunction of C1 and C2 in D, is a constraint which is violated whenever there is a domain of type D in which both C1 and C2 are violated. It is used in situations where violations of C1 alone or of C2 alone do not eliminate a candidate, but violations of both constraints simultaneously do. A good illustration is the coda condition for German Final-Obstruent Devoicing, in which underlyingly voiced obstruents become voiceless in syllable codas (Ito & Mester in press):
The Influence of Different Cropping Seasons on Rice Grain Quality

The grain quality of 6 early and 5 late indica rice varieties cultivated both in early and late seasons was studied. The result showed that a obvious difference between the two growth seasons existed in milling, appearence and cooking qualities. The grain quality of late seasonal culture was remarkably better than that of early one with respect of smaller chalkiness, better translucency and higher head rice yield. The quality of late varietites become poor when they were cultivated in early season, due to the effect of high temperature in the period of filling stage. The target and method of quality improvement in indica rice were discussed.
Study of Path Planning Method and Simulation in Multi-Target Air-to-Surface Attacking

For Multi-Target path planning in Air-to-Surface Sequent Attacking,the main factors that affect the path are studied and the simulation model is built.By considering characteristics of the target and weapon,the end of the path will be restricted to the possible attacking sector in order to quicken up the attack and the escape.The heuristic A * algorithm is improved by added into the direction information from current point to the target.So that it makes the path arrive at target in the best direction.Simulation result demonstrates that proposed path planning method can enhance fighting efficiency based on satisfying battle requirements.
Political Elements Behind Arts Education

This article analyses the latent political element and its representation in art education and expresses the objectivity of the existence of the delicate political element.At the same time it points out that the exist- ence of the political element in art education depends on the obedience of the laws of art itself.
Unrecognized osteoid osteoma of the proximal femur with associated cam impingement

Femoro-acetabular impingement is a common cause of hip pain in young athletes. Evaluation typically includes radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging. It is important to appreciate uncommon diagnoses and the role of complimentary imaging. This clinical vignette emphasizes the need complete imaging with CT in select case of atypical hip pain. We present a 19-year old soccer player who underwent seemingly successful arthroscopic FAI surgery but returned with pain. Computed tomography (CT) revealed osteoid osteoma of the lesser trochanter. The lesion was successfully treated with percutaneous CT guided radiofrequency ablation.
Incidence of systemic lupus erythematosus in a population-based cohort using revised 1997 American College of Rheumatology and the 2012 Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics classification criteria

In 2012, the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) group published a new set of classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Studies applying these criteria to real-life scenarios have found either equal or greater sensitivity and equal or lower specificity to the 1997 ACR classification criteria (ACR 97). Nonetheless, there are no studies that have used the SLICC 12 criteria to investigate the incidence of lupus. We used the resource of the Rochester Epidemiology Project to identify incident SLE patients in Olmsted County, Minnesota, from 1993 to 2005, who fulfilled the ACR 97 or SLICC 12 criteria. A total of 58 patients met criteria by SLICC 12 and 44 patients met criteria by ACR 97. The adjusted incidence of 4.9 per 100,000 person-years by SLICC 12 was higher than that by ACR 97 (3.7 per 100,000 person-years, p = 0.04). The median duration from the appearance of first criterion to fulfillment of the criteria was shorter for the SLICC 12 than for ACR 97 (3.9 months vs 8.1 months). The higher incidence by SLICC 12 criteria came primarily from the ability to classify patients with renal-limited disease, the expansion of the immunologic criteria and the expansion of neurologic criteria.
SU-F-T-139: Meeting the Challenges of Quality Control in the TOPAS Monte Carlo Simulation Toolkit for Proton Therapy

Purpose: Monte Carlo particle transport simulation (MC) codes have become important tools in proton therapy and biology, both for research and practice. TOPAS is an MC toolkit serving users worldwide (213 licensed users at 95 institutions in 21 countries). It provides unprecedented ease in 4D placement of geometry components, beam sources and scoring through its user-friendly and reproducible parameter file interface. Quality control (QC) of stochastic simulation software is inherently difficult, and the versatility of TOPAS introduces additional challenges. But QC is vital as the TOPAS development team implements new features, addresses user feedback and reacts to upgrades of underlying software (i.e. Geant4). Methods: Whenever code is committed to our repository, over 50 separate module tests are automatically triggered via a continuous integration service. They check that the various module options execute successfully and that their results are statistically consistent with previous reference values. Prior to each software release, longer end-to-end tests automatically validate TOPAS against experimental data and a TOPAS benchmark. These include simulating multiple properties of spread-out Bragg peaks, validating nuclear models, and searching for differences in patient simulations. Results: Continuous integration has proven effective in catching regressions at the time they are introduced, particularly when implementing new features that involve refactoring code (e.g. multithreading and ntuple output). Code coverage statistics highlight untested portions of code and guide development of new tests. The various end-to-end tests demonstrate that TOPAS accurately describes the physics of proton therapy within clinical tolerances. Conclusion: The TOPAS QC strategy of frequent short tests and pre-release long tests has led to a more reliable tool. However, the versatility of TOPAS makes it difficult to predict how users might combine different modules, and so QC ultimately remains a partnership between the developer and the user. This work was funded by National Cancer Institute grant R01 CA 140735.
The Spanish Perfects

In this chapter I will be concerned with developing a description of the cross-dialectal distribution of the periphrastic past in Spanish based on the set of features presented and developed in the previous chapter. It is not my intention to provide an exhaustive list of characteristics for every Spanish dialect concerning their usage of the perfect; instead, I will single out several dialects that are particularly representative of the type of variation observed. For each of the relevant cases, I describe those features that distinguish the use of the periphrastic past and attempt to situate them with respect to a Spanish perfect ‘prototype’. It remains to be seen whether or not the endeavor of describing a ‘pan-Spanish’ perfect will bear fruit since widespread variation makes a generalization of this type problematic. Still, there are distinguishable dialect features that will aid us in our description of the Spanish perfect.
Therapie nach dem WHO-Stufenschema

Schmerzen sind ein Hauptsymptom von Tumorpatienten und beeinflussen sowohl die korperliche als auch die psychische Verfassung der Betroffenen. Eine adaquate Schmerztherapie ist daher die grundlegende Voraussetzung der palliativmedizinischen Behandlung.
Classification of materials with divergent magnetic Grüneisen parameter

At any quantum critical point (QCP) with a critical magnetic field , the magnetic Gruneisen parameter , which equals the adiabatic magnetocaloric effect, is predicted to show characteristic signatures such as a divergence, sign change and scaling. We categorise 13 materials, ranging from heavy fermion metals to frustrated magnets, where such experimental signatures have been found. Remarkably, seven stoichiometric materials at ambient pressure show . However, additional thermodynamic and magnetic experiments suggest that most of them do not show a zero-field QCP. While the existence of a pressure insensitive ‘strange metal’ state is one possibility, for some of the materials seems influenced by impurities or a fraction of moments which are not participating in a frozen state. To unambiguously prove zero-field and pressure-sensitive quantum criticality, a divergence is insufficient and also the Gruneisen ratio of thermal expansion to specific heat must diverge.
Granulomatous meningitis secondary to Avitene (microfibrillar collagen).

Avitene, generically termed microfibrillar collagen, is a surgical hemostatic agent. Collagen-based hemostats are widely used to trigger platelet aggregation and reinforce the fibrin clot. Rarely, Avitene has been reported to induce a granulomatous reaction in the CNS, usually as a mass-forming lesion known as a textiloma. We report a case of Avitene-induced granulomatous inflammation presenting as meningitis after neurosurgery for WHO grade II atypical meningioma.
Complex dielectric permittivity measurements of materials in millimeter waves

Complex dielectric permittivity data of common materials at Q-, V-, and W-band frequency ranges have been presented. The measurements have been performed using a free-space quasi-optical millimeter wave spectrometer equipped with a backward-wave oscillator as a tunable source of coherent radiation. Frequency dependences of real and imaginary parts of the dielectric permittivity have been calculated from the transmittance spectra. We discuss the prospective application of millimeter wave and terahertz imaging and spectroscopy for homeland security needs.
Inherent variability of cancer-specific aneuploidy generates metastases

The genetic basis of metastasis is still unclear because metastases carry individual karyotypes and phenotypes, rather than consistent mutations, and are rare compared to conventional mutation. There is however correlative evidence that metastasis depends on cancer-specific aneuploidy, and that metastases are karyotypically related to parental cancers. Accordingly we propose that metastasis is a speciation event. This theory holds that cancer-specific aneuploidy varies the clonal karyotypes of cancers automatically by unbalancing thousands of genes, and that rare variants form new autonomous subspecies with metastatic or other non-parental phenotypes like drug-resistance – similar to conventional subspeciation. To test this theory, we analyzed the karyotypic and morphological relationships between seven cancers and corresponding metastases. We found (1) that the cellular phenotypes of metastases were closely related to those of parental cancers, (2) that metastases shared 29 to 96% of their clonal karyotypic elements or aneusomies with the clonal karyotypes of parental cancers and (3) that, unexpectedly, the karyotypic complexity of metastases was very similar to that of the parental cancer. This suggests that metastases derive cancer-specific autonomy by conserving the overall complexity of the parental karyotype. We deduced from these results that cancers cause metastases by karyotypic variations and selection for rare metastatic subspecies. Further we asked whether metastases with multiple metastasis-specific aneusomies are assembled in one or multiple, sequential steps. Since (1) no stable karyotypic intermediates of metastases were observed in cancers here and previously by others, and (2) the karyotypic complexities of cancers are conserved in metastases, we concluded that metastases are generated from cancers in one step – like subspecies in conventional speciation. We conclude that the risk of cancers to metastasize is proportional to the degree of cancer-specific aneuploidy, because aneuploidy catalyzes the generation of subspecies, including metastases, at aneuploidy-dependent rates. Since speciation by random chromosomal rearrangements and selection is unpredictable, the theory that metastases are karyotypic subspecies of cancers also explains Foulds’ rules, which hold that the origins of metastases are “abrupt” and that their phenotypes are “unpredictable.”
Network-based approaches that exploit inferred transcription factor activity to analyze the impact of genetic variation on gene expression.

Abstract Over the past decade, a number of methods have emerged for inferring protein-level transcription factor activities in individual samples based on prior information about the structure of the gene regulatory network. We discuss how this has enabled new approaches for dissecting trans-acting mechanisms that underpin genetic variation in gene expression.
White-tailed Deer as a Taphonomic Agent: Photographic Evidence of White-tailed Deer Gnawing on Human Bone

Ungulate gnawing on bone has been reported in the taphonomic and zooarchaeological literature, but there are no known reports of ungulates altering human remains. Herein, we report on the first known photographic evidence of deer gnawing human remains. As described in nonhuman scavenging literature, forking of the bone characterizes the taphonomic effect of deer gnawing in this case, which is distinct from the effect caused by other scavengers. This type of osteophagia during the winter season is consistent with previously documented behavior of deer gnawing on nonhuman bone, possibly to obtain minerals absent in their diet. In this study, we briefly discuss the distinguishing features of ungulate gnawing, the reasons for this behavior, and possible confusion with other common types of scavenging and modification. This report contributes to taphonomic literature covering the range of animal interactions with human skeletal remains.
Responding to teen dating violence: Perspectives from mothers who have been abused and seeking services in domestic violence shelters

ABSTRACTTeen dating violence (TDV) is a significant public health problem, but we know little about how mothers who have been abused respond to TDV. This article analyzes qualitative data from three focus groups conducted with 17 mothers who had experienced abuse. Mothers responded to four hypothetical scenarios of their child reporting TDV to them. Mothers reported that their approach to children’s reports of TDV would entail engaging in varying levels of authoritarianism, considering the gender of the child, and exercising caution in their responses. In response to the scenarios, mothers stated that they would ask questions, educate their teens, contact the perpetrator and/or parents, share their own experiences, and call for outside help. The study’s findings may assist prevention educators working with mothers who experienced abuse in responding to their children’s disclosures of incidents of TDV.
SOME PHENOMENOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE SU(2)q × SU(2)l × U(1)Y MODEL: II

We examine the implications of the recently proposed "ununified" SU(2)q × SU(2)l × U(1)Y model for the properties of the neutral gauge boson (Z1) observed in both e+e− and collisions. The mixing between the Z of the Standard Model (SM) and the Z′ which is present in the Ununified Model is found to be able to substantially alter radiatively corrected SM expectations for the properties of the Z1 for a wide range of model parameters, thus leading to reasonably strong constraints on the couplings and mass of the new gauge boson using current data from LEP. Bounds from HERA are also examined and are found to be less sensitive to the effects of radiative corrections.
Optimizing Timeliness and Cost in Geo-Distributed Streaming Analytics

Rapid data streams are generated continuously from diverse sources including users, devices, and sensors located around the globe. This results in the need for efficient geo-distributed streaming analytics to extract timely information. A typical geo-distributed analytics service uses a hub-and-spoke model, comprising multiple edges connected by a wide-area-network (WAN) to a central data warehouse. In this paper, we focus on the widely used primitive of windowed grouped aggregation , and examine the question of how much computation should be performed at the edges versus the center . We develop algorithms to optimize two key metrics: WAN traffic and staleness (delay in getting results). We present a family of optimal offline algorithms that jointly minimize these metrics, and we use these to guide our design of practical online algorithms based on the insight that windowed grouped aggregation can be modeled as a caching problem where the cache size varies over time. We evaluate our algorithms through an implementation in Apache Storm deployed on PlanetLab. Using workloads derived from anonymized traces of a popular analytics service from a large commercial CDN, our experiments show that our online algorithms achieve near-optimal traffic and staleness for a variety of system configurations, stream arrival rates, and queries.
Algebraic Groups of Semisimple Rank One

This chapter contains preliminaries for the general study of reductive groups in the next chapter. In particular, we show that every split reductive group of semisimple rank 1 is isomorphic to exactly one of the following groups: Group varieties of semisimple rank 0 Recall (19.20) that the rank of a group variety is the dimension of a maximal torus, and that this does not change under extension of the base field. The semisimple rank of G is the rank of the largest semisimple quotient of G ka . THEOREM 20.1. Let G be a connected group variety over a field k . (a) G has rank 0 if and only if it is unipotent. (b) G has semisimple rank 0 if and only if it is solvable. (c) G is reductive of semisimple rank 0 if and only if it is a torus. PROOF. We may suppose that k is algebraically closed. (a) This is a restatement of Proposition 16.60. (b) If G is solvable, then G D R.G/, and so it has semisimple rank 0. Conversely, if G has semisimple rank 0, then G=R.G/ is unipotent (by (a)) and semisimple (19.2), and hence trivial. Thus, and so G is solvable. (c) A torus is certainly reductive of semisimple rank 0. Conversely, if G is reductive of semisimple rank 0, then it is solvable. As Ru.G/ D e, this implies that G is a torus (16.33d). Homogeneous curves Let C be a regular complete algebraic curve over k. The local ring at a point is a discrete valuation ring containing k with field of fractions, and every such discrete valuation ring arises from a unique P. Therefore, we can identify with the set of such discrete valuation rings in endowed with the topology for which the proper closed subsets are the finite sets. For an open subset U, the ring. Thus, we can recover C from its function field. In particular, two regular complete connected curves over k are isomorphic if they have isomorphic function fields.
Colitis screening using IR spectroscopy of serum samples

Rapid and reliable detection of inflammatory bowel diseases is essential to avoid life-threatening intestinal complications. The conventional pathological methods (colonoscopy/ileoscopy and small bowel follow-through) are invasive and time-consuming. A non-invasive and cost-effective diagnostic regime using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of serum samples would allow the possibility of early diagnosis of disease and for treatment planning. This study presents the spectroscopic analysis of serum sample using mouse models of both (i) Chronic (IL10-/-, genetically induced by Interleukin 10 knockouts) and (ii) Acute (DSS, Dextran Sodium Sulfate chemically induced) colitis. The Arthritis (Collagen Antibody Induced Arthritis) and metabolic syndrome (Toll-like receptor 5 knockouts) models are employed as controls. The identified markers of colitis such as increased presence of mannose accompanied by an alteration in protein secondary structures uniquely screen disease level and distinguish the colitis from the non-colitis samples and the controls. Promoted by these findings of the colitis mouse model we sought to investigate the capability of the technique for the early screening of the human ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
Actinium-225 for Targeted α Therapy: Coordination Chemistry and Current Chelation Approaches.

Abstract The α-emitting radionuclide actinium-225 possesses nuclear properties that are highly promising for use in targeted α therapy (TAT), a therapeutic strategy that employs α particle emission...
A grassroots approach to life in peace

Approaching a peaceful world only by working with institutions based on the nation state may render certain problems insoluble. Non‐national entities may be a necessary part of the process.
Developmental Biology of Coxiella burnetii

The biphasic developmental cycle of Coxiella burnetii is central to the pathogen’s natural history and survival. A small, dormant cell morphotype (the small-cell variant or SCV) allows this obligate intracellular bacterium to persist for extended periods outside of host cells, resist environmental conditions that would be lethal to most prokaryotes, and is the major infectious stage encountered by eukaryotic hosts. In contrast, a large, metabolically-active morphotype (the large-cell variant or LCV) provides for replication of the agent within acidified parasitophorous vacuoles (PVs) of a host cell. The marked physiological changes, differential gene expression, and the regulatory and structural components involved in Coxiella’s morphogenesis from LCV to SCV and back to the LCV are fascinating attributes of the pathogen and are reviewed in this chapter.
Imaging of Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Tumors

Endocrine and neuroendocrine tumors, which secrete hormones or vasoactive substances, comprise a broad and divergent group of diseases. In the following section we have chosen some of the more common functional tumors to illustrate the spectrum of imaging findings, cross sectionally as well as scintigraphically.
Avicenna’s account of Creation by Divine Voluntary Emanation

I defend the claim that Avicenna explains the creation of the universe in terms of emanation modeled on Neoplatonic emanation by exploring Avicenna’s account of creation by emanation in detail. I address what appears to be an obvious problem for the application of this model to creation—namely, that creation as emanation seems to be non-voluntary and has been understood to be non-voluntary by several prominent interpreters. I explore how Avicenna contends that God emanates voluntarily and non-necessarily (that is, God’s action is subject to no internal or external constraints). Avicenna is able to make this claim because of his distinction between an action done of natural necessity, done voluntarily, and done with an intention. I then address whether this means that God creates freely —without any constraint whatsoever—and I conclude that God is not free not to create because God (a) has an immutable will and (b) has already acted to create. While God is not under any initial compulsion to create, from the fact that the universe now exists, God cannot act otherwise than to create. Key words: Avicenna – Creation – Emanation.
Genomic profiling of variant urinary tract tumor histologies.

450Background: Little is known about the genomic features of rare histologic variants of urinary tract (UT) tumors. The purpose of this study is to compare the pattern of genetic alterations in UT ...
Risk of Second Primary Bone and Soft-Tissue Sarcomas Among Young Adulthood Cancer Survivors.

Excess sarcoma risks after childhood cancer are well established, but risks among young adulthood cancer survivors are poorly understood. Using US population-based cancer registry data, we compared bone and soft-tissue sarcoma risk vs the general population among 186 351 individuals who were diagnosed with nonsarcoma first primary malignancies at ages 20-39 years from 1975 to 2014 (follow-up through 2015) and survived at least 1 year. Bone sarcomas were rare (n = 50), but risk was statistically significantly elevated overall (2.9-fold) and greater than fivefold after Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and central nervous system tumors. Soft-tissue sarcomas were more common (n = 284) and risks were statistically significantly elevated approximately twofold overall and after melanoma and carcinomas of the breast, thyroid, and testis, and greater than fourfold after Hodgkin lymphoma and central nervous system tumors. Risks varied markedly by subtype, with the highest risks (greater than fourfold) for osteosarcoma and the soft-tissue subtypes of rhabdomyosarcoma and blood vessel and nerve sheath sarcomas. These data demonstrate elevated risk for sarcoma after a range of young adulthood cancers.
From Data To Insights in CS1

In this poster, we present some insights from student interaction data based on a year-long study on how to rethink the instructional model of a large CS1 (n=800) course. A key goal of the study was to address the increasing academic diversity in large introductory courses. The redesigned curriculum uses a combination of automation, real-time data and a better utilization of teaching staff to deliver an enhanced learning experience. The new measures demonstrated significant improvements in student engagement and over 90% course satisfaction.
Pretransplant hemoglobin and creatinine clearance correlate with treatment-free survival after autologous stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma

Melphalan is given at a dose of 200 mg/m2 (Mel200) prior to ASCT for multiple myeloma (MM). Pharmacokinetic (PK) studies show a high degree of interpatient variability. We aimed to test the impact of clinical factors previously shown to affect melphalan PK such as hemoglobin (Hgb), fat-free mass (FFM), and creatinine clearance (CrCl) on outcomes. Median Hgb (from day −2 to −1) and FFM were grouped as low or high relative to their sample medians, and CrCl was divided into ≥60 or <60 ml/min. In 133 MM patients, median TFS (defined as time from ASCT to initiation of next subsequent line of therapy or death) was longer in patients with lower Hgb (35 vs. 16 months, p = 0.02). Patients with both lower Hgb and CrCl experienced longer TFS compared to those with higher Hgb and CrCl (35 vs. 13 months, p = 0.03). In multivariate analysis, lower hemoglobin, lower CrCl, and a combined low hemoglobin and CrCl were strongly associated with improved TFS. Patients with a lower hemoglobin or creatinine clearance experienced significantly more toxicity. We show for the first time that Hgb and CrCl are important predictors of outcomes after Mel200. PK-directed melphalan dosing may be beneficial in achieving optimal outcomes.
Race, Ethnicity, and Other Risks for Live Discharge Among Hospice Patients with Dementia.

OBJECTIVES The end-of-life trajectory for persons with dementia is often protracted and difficult to predict, placing these individuals at heightened risk of live discharge from hospice. Risks for live discharge due to condition stabilization or failure to decline among patients with dementia are not well established. Our aim was to identify demographic, health, and hospice service factors associated with live discharge due to condition stabilization or failure to decline among hospice patients with dementia. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING A large not-for-profit agency in New York City. PARTICIPANTS A total of 2629 hospice patients with dementia age 65 years and older. MEASUREMENTS Primary outcome was live discharge from hospice due to condition stabilization or failure to decline (vs death). Measures include demographic factors (race/ethnicity, Medicaid, sex, age, marital status, parental status), health characteristics (primary dementia diagnosis, comorbidities, functional status, prior hospitalization), and hospice service (location, length of service, number and timing of nurse visits). RESULTS Logistic regression models indicated that compared with white hospice patients with dementia, African American and Hispanic hospice patients with dementia experienced increased risk of live discharge (African American: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.42; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.34-4.38; Hispanic: aOR = 2.99; 95% CI = 1.81-4.94). Home hospice (aOR = 7.57; 95% CI = 4.04-14.18), longer length of service (aOR = 1.04; 95% CI = 1.04-1.05), and more days between nurse visits and discharge (aOR = 1.86; 95% CI = 1.56-2.21) were also associated with live discharge. CONCLUSION To avoid burdensome and disruptive transitions out of hospice in patients with dementia, interventions to reduce live discharge due to condition stabilization or failure to decline should be tailored to meet the needs of African American, Hispanic, and home hospice patients. Policies regarding sustained hospice eligibility should account for the variable and protracted end-of-life trajectory of patients with dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:551-558, 2020.
Feasibility of Using High-Contrast Grating as a Point-of-Care Sensor for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Immunosuppressants

Point-of-care (POC) testing has demonstrated great transformative potential in personalized medicine. In particular, patients undergoing transplantation require POC testing to ensure appropriate serum immunosuppressant levels so as to maintain adequate graft function and survival. However, no suitable POC device for monitoring immunosuppressant levels is currently available. Exploiting the latest advances in metamaterials can lead to a breakthrough in POC testing. A high-contrast grating (HCG) biosensor is a low-cost, compact, simple-to-fabricate, and easy-to-operate structure. It is highly sensitive and robust in surface-based biomarker detection, which is favorable for the efficiency of a POC device. In this study, the feasibility of using an HCG as a POC sensor for therapeutic drug monitoring of immunosuppressants was evaluated. The detection efficiency of the most commonly prescribed immunosuppressive medication cyclosporine A by using this sensor was demonstrated to be comparable to those of conventional commercial kits, suggesting that the sensor has the potential to be used as a rapid detection and feedback platform for increasing drug compliance and improving new organ transplant survival.