cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Comprehending Smiles Seldom Requires Embodied Simulation and FeltEmotion

The Simulation of Smiles Model (SIMS; Niedenthal, Mermillod, Maringer, & Hess, 2010), based on “embodied simulation,” is contrived and of low ecological applicability, marshaling a seldom-used route for the comprehension and classification of smiles. Moreover, the tripartite division of smiles, for which the model has been developed, is of limited sociobiological importance. Genuineness of facial expressions should remain the central problem in this research area. Additional discussion is devoted to the relationship of dominance smiles to the experience of awe.
Influence of porcine somatotropin on the phosphorus requirement of finishing pigs: I. Performance and bone characteristics

We conducted two experiments to evaluate the effects of recombinant porcine somatotropin (pST) on the P requirement of finishing pigs. Corn-soybean meal diets with varying levels of P were fed, and Ca was adjusted to maintain a Ca:P ratio of 1.1:1. In Exp. 1, 96 pigs were fed dietary P concentrations of .35, .45, and .65% from 75 to 109 kg BW. One-half of the pigs were injected daily with 4 mg of pST. Pigs treated with pST consumed less feed and gained more efficiently than untreated pigs (P < .01). Increasing the dietary P level produced linear (P < .05) improvements in most metacarpal-metatarsal (MM) and femur traits. Administration of pST increased (P < .02) bone weight, but it reduced (P < .03) bone strength and the percentage of ash. The increases in percentage of ash and ash accretion associated with increasing dietary P were more pronounced in pST-treated pigs than in untreated pigs (pST x P, P < .01). Experiment 2 consisted of 66 pigs fed six dietary P concentrations (.35, .50, .65, .80, .95, and 1.10%) from 72 to 114 kg. One-half of the pigs were injected daily with 4 mg of pST. Pigs treated with pST gained faster and more efficiently (P < .01) but consumed less feed than untreated pigs (P < .01). Increasing the dietary P level improved most of the bone traits. Administration of pST reduced (P < .01) MM strength and percentage ash in the MM and femurs, but it increased (P < .01) femur diameter and wall thickness. Bone strength and percentage ash were reduced in pST-treated pigs fed low dietary P; however, at higher dietary P, these traits were similar to or greater than those in untreated pigs (pST x P, P < .10). Generally, bone traits in pST-treated pigs reached a plateau at higher dietary P concentrations and at higher P intakes compared with those in untreated pigs. These results indicate that pST administration increases the dietary P level that is required to maximize bone traits in finishing pigs.
Screening of New Mexico Autumn-sown Onions for Black Mold Disease

Black mold, caused by the fungus Aspergillus niger, is one of the major postharvest onion (Allium cepa) diseases causing qualitative and quantitative losses. To screen autumn-sown onion cultivars for black mold resistance, 12 cultivars were sown in 2004 and 2005 in Las Cruces, NM. Percent sporulated area, disease severity, and disease incidence were recorded after 2 and 4 weeks of storage. ‘Texas Early White’ exhibited less disease symptoms than other cultivars tested. For all cultivars, disease symptoms in terms of severity and incidence increased as bulbs were stored for longer periods of time.
Effects of normal pregnancy on cellular cation metabolism and peripheral vascular resistance.

Normal pregnancy is associated with a poorly understood loss of vascular responsiveness to the pressor effects of infused angiotensin II. Since cellular cation metabolism appears to be a critical determinant of basal vascular tone and vascular reactivity, we have evaluated platelet ionized calcium, erythrocyte sodium, calcium and magnesium levels, and erythrocyte Ca-ATPase and Na/K ATPase activity in 15 normal black pregnant women (37.5 +/- 0.6 weeks gestation) and 10 normal age-matched nonpregnant black women. Plasma levels of factors potentially affecting vascular reactivity (endoxin, renin activity (PRA), and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP] were measured by RIA and peripheral vascular resistance by biolectrical impedance. Peripheral vascular resistance was almost twice as high (P less than .003) in the normal group as in the pregnant women. Intracellular calcium concentrations were not significantly different in erythrocytes or platelets of the two groups. Although erythrocyte membrane Ca-ATPase was similar, Na/K ATPase activity was significantly higher in the pregnant subjects than in the nonpregnant controls, and intracellular sodium was lower. All three measured plasma factors, ANP, endoxin and PRA, were significantly elevated in the pregnant women. Our results suggest that the decrease in peripheral vascular resistance seen in normal pregnancy is probably not the result of alterations in cellular cation concentrations and/or cell membrane pump activity. However, the significant correlation between vascular reactivity and circulating ANP indicates this potent vasodilator may play a role in the observed decrease in peripheral vascular resistance associated with pregnancy.
AIDS and Infection Control in Dermatologic Surgery

This article provides a review of problems with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and surgical procedures in the dermatologist's office. Control of exposure to blood products and careful evaluation of choice of procedures in HIV-infected patients are important. The authors also include guidelines on what to do when the physician is accidentally exposed to HIV infection.
A runaway sternal wire: A rare case and outcome of sternal wire intravascular embolization

We present a case of a 56-year-old man with history of coronary artery disease and prior two coronary bypass surgeries, who presented with chronic chest pain and was found to have a fractured sternal wire that migrated through the right ventricle and embolized to the right lower pulmonary artery without evident hemodynamic consequences. The sternal wire migration process, in part due to patient's poor medical compliance, was captured on serial computed tomography scans over a period of several years. .
Nd:glass slab amplifier measurements

To optimize the design of future Nd:glass laser drivers for inertial confinement fusion experiments, accurate computer models predicting all aspects of laser performance are needed. It will be especially important to have accurate predictions for the performance of the amplifiers, since they will be a major cost item. Accordingly, we have performed laboratory experiments to support computer model development for three aspects of flashlamp-pumped Nd:glass amplifiers: amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) decay rates, pump-induced beam steering, and cavity transfer efficiency. Each of these items will be discussed in turn.
Cannabinoid disposition in oral fluid after controlled smoked, vaporized, and oral cannabis administration.

Oral fluid (OF) is an important matrix for monitoring drugs. Smoking cannabis is common, but vaporization and edible consumption also are popular. OF pharmacokinetics are available for controlled smoked cannabis, but few data exist for vaporized and oral routes. Frequent and occasional cannabis smokers were recruited as participants for four dosing sessions including one active (6.9% Δ9 -tetrahydrocannabinol, THC) or placebo cannabis-containing brownie, followed by one active or placebo cigarette, or one active or placebo vaporized cannabis dose. Only one active dose was administered per session. OF was collected before and up to 54 (occasional) or 72 (frequent) h after dosing from cannabis smokers. THC, 11-hydroxy-THC (11-OH-THC), 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THCCOOH), tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), cannabidiol (CBD), and cannabigerol (CBG) were quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. OF cannabinoid Cmax occurred during or immediately after cannabis consumption due to oral mucosa contamination. Significantly greater THC Cmax and significantly later THCV, CBD, and CBG tlast were observed after smoked and vaporized cannabis compared to oral cannabis in frequent smokers only. No significant differences in THC, 11-OH-THC, THCV, CBD, or CBG tmax between routes were observed for either group. For occasional smokers, more 11-OH-THC and THCCOOH-positive specimens were observed after oral dosing than after inhaled routes, increasing % positive cannabinoid results and widening metabolite detection windows after oral cannabis consumption. Utilizing 0.3 µg/L THCV and CBG cut-offs resulted in detection windows indicative of recent cannabis intake. OF pharmacokinetics after high potency CBD cannabis are not yet available precluding its use currently as a marker of recent use. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Direct Perceptions of Carol Fowler's Theoretical Perspective

Carol Fowler has had a tremendous impact on the field of speech perception, in part by having people disagree with her. The disagreements arise, as they often do, from two incompatible sources: Her positions are often misunderstood and thus "disagreed" with only on the surface, and her positions are rejected because they challenge deeply held, intuitively appealing positions, without being shown to be wrong. The misunderstandings center largely on the assertion that perception is "direct." This is often taken to mean that we have access to the speaker's vocal tract by some means other than the (largely acoustic) speech signal, when, in fact, it asserts that the signal is sufficient to directly specify that production. It is unclear why this misunderstanding persists; while there are still issues to be resolved in this regard, the stance is clear. The challenge to "acoustic" theories of speech perception remains, and thus direct perception is still controversial, as it seems that acoustic theories are held by a majority of researchers. Decades' worth of evidence showing the lack of usefulness of purely acoustic properties and the coherence gained by a production perspective have not changed this situation. Some attempts at combining the two perspectives have emerged, but they largely miss the Gibsonian challenge that Fowler has espoused: Perception of speech is direct. It looks as though it will take some further decades of research and discussion to fully explore her position.
Adolescent Sexual Health and Sexuality Education

The sexual health needs of adolescents have been a central focus of the public health community. Adolescence is a unique time of physical and psychological growth and, for many, a time when sexual and romantic exploration begins. Increasingly, attention is being focused on protective aspects of adolescent sexual health and the recognition that adolescents have sexual rights. The right to sexuality information has become the foundational rationale for sexuality education. The main cornerstone of sexuality education is, arguably, formal school-based sexual education (SBSE) that is important because of the ability to reach numerous adolescents and young adults. It involves teaching youth information, skills, and attitudes related to their sexual health and sexual rights. SBSE has evolved over the past decade, and two main curriculum types have been developed: comprehensive sexuality education programs (CSE) and abstinence-until-marriage (AUM) curriculums. CSE is an age-appropriate, culturally relevant approach to teaching about sex and relationships by providing scientifically accurate, realistic, nonjudgmental information. Overall, SBSE has been proven effective in positively influencing sexual health-related behaviors, and researchers have identified key characteristics across effective programs. Still, providing sexuality education into schools is often controversial. To address issues of concern, the public health community has worked to create a supportive environment for SBSE. In addition to SBSE, there are other channels of sexuality education designed to reach vulnerable youth and youth disconnected from formal systems like the educational system.
Continuous-time Markov chains

As in discrete time, continuous-time Markov chains are stochastic processes in which the future depends on the past only through the present, or equivalently, given the present, past, and future are independent. Since there is no next time when time is continuous, the process is now characterized by transition rates instead of transition probabilities. Also, the analog of the transition matrix in continuous time is the so-called intensity matrix.
Multiple traveling salesmen and related problems: A maximum-entropy principle based approach

This paper presents a new heuristic approach for multiple traveling salesmen problem (mTSP) and other variants of the TSP. In this approach, the TSP and its variants are seen as constrained resource allocation problems, where an ordered set of resources is associated to the cities, and the allocation is done through an iterative algorithm in such a way that eventually each city gets associated with a resource. The approach allows adding constraints on resources which translate to objectives such as minimum tour length (or multiple tour lengths as in mTSP) and other constraints that define the variants on the TSP problem. The algorithm for the associated resource allocation problem is based on maximum entropy principle (MEP) and the deterministic annealing algorithm. Besides mTSP, this article demonstrates this approach for close enough traveling salesman problem (CETSP), which is known to be computationally challenging since there is a continuum of possible edges between a pair of cities. The examples presented in this paper illustrate the effectiveness of this new framework for use in TSP and many variants thereof. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed MEP algorithm achieves significantly better solutions than the ones provided by the most commonly used simulated annealing algorithm with only marginal increase in run-time.
Mexican Muralism and the North American Anti-Aesthetics

In their work of the 1920s and 1930s, Mexican muralists such as Orozco, Rivera, and Siqueiros inherited the precolonial muralist tradition and the aesthetic paradigms of the European avant-garde. In Cuba, Wifredo Lam continued this tradition by replacing Christian symbols with Afro-Cuban ones. The connection between precolonial art and aesthetics and the Mexican Revolution is shown in these artists’ frescos and in the iconography and didacticism that define their murals. This essay establishes a triangular relationship between Latin America, the United States, and Eurasia, and shows how Latin American artists challenge European and North American hegemony. North American art institutions have failed to recognize Latin American art’s difference which, in itself, was an act of emancipation of the South from the Northern Hemisphere’s cultural hegemony.
Rare FMR1 gene mutations causing fragile X syndrome: A review

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common inherited form of intellectual disability, typically due to CGG-repeat expansions in the FMR1 gene leading to lack of expression. We identified a rare FMR1 gene mutation (c.413G>A), previously reported in a single patient and reviewed the literature for other rare FMR1 mutations. Our patient at 10 years of age presented with the classical findings of FXS including intellectual disability, autism, craniofacial findings, hyperextensibility, fleshy hands, flat feet, unsteady gait, and seizures but without the typical CGG-repeat expansion. He had more features of FXS than the previously reported patient with the same mutation. Twenty individuals reported previously with rare missense or nonsense mutations or other coding disturbances of the FMR1 gene ranged in age from infancy to 50 years; most were verbal with limited speech, had autism and hyperactivity, and all had intellectual disability. Four of the 20 individuals had a mutation within exon 15, three within exon 5, and two within exon 2. The FMR1 missense mutation (c.413G>A) is the same as in a previously reported male where it was shown that there was preservation of the post-synaptic function of the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), the encoded protein of the FMR1 gene was preserved. Both patients with this missense mutation had physical, cognitive, and behavioral features similarly seen in FXS.
Targeting the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway in cancer: Update on effectors and inhibitors

Abstract The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway is a family of proteins that is implicated in many vital cellular functions such as stem cell regeneration and organogenesis. Several intra-cellular signal transduction pathways are induced by Wnt, notably the Wnt/beta-catenin dependent pathway or canonical pathway and the non-canonical or beta-catenin-independent pathway; the latter includes the Wnt/Ca2+ and Planar Cell Polarity pathway (PCP). Wnt activation occurs at the intestinal crypt floor, and is critical to optimal maintenance of stem cells. Colorectal cancers show evidence of Wnt signaling pathway activation and this is associated with loss of function of the tumor regulator APC. Wnt activation has been observed in breast, lung, and hematopoietic malignancies and contributes to tumor recurrence. The Wnt pathway cross talks with the Notch and Sonic Hedgehog pathways, which has implications for therapeutic interventions in cancers. There are significant challenges in targeting the Wnt pathway, including finding agents that are efficacious without damaging the system of normal somatic stem cell function in cellular repair and tissue homeostasis. Here, we comprehensively review the Wnt pathway and its interactions with the Notch and Sonic Hedgehog pathways. We present the state of the field in effectors and inhibitors of Wnt signaling, including updates on clinical trials in various cancers with inhibitors of Wnt, Notch, and Sonic Hedgehog.
There’s no place like third place: starting to generalize the qualities and value of third places

ABSTRACTSocial interaction impacts health, well-being, and life satisfaction, especially in later adulthood. Third places, gathering places known to host quality interaction beyond work and home activities, have been addressed in the context of the general public. The current study examined third places in two continuing care retirement communities to understand if third place building design characteristics supported interaction in this context. The study asked: are third place atmosphere and decor characteristics related to how well the spaces are liked and used? Analyses showed that spaces with those characteristics were better liked and used – implying third place characteristics may promote interaction among independent living residents. Recommendations for designing third places are also included.
Integrated identification and quantification of cyanobacterial toxins from Pacific Northwest freshwaters by Liquid Chromatography and High-resolution Mass Spectrometry.

The occurrence of harmful algal blooms in nutrient-rich freshwater bodies has increased world-wide, including in the Pacific Northwest. Some cyanobacterial genera have the potential to produce secondary metabolites that are highly toxic to humans, livestock and wildlife. Reliable methods for the detection of cyanobacterial toxins with high specificity and low limits of detection are in high demand. Here we test a relatively new hybrid high resolution accurate mass quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry platform (TripleTOF) for the analysis of cyanobacterial toxins in freshwater samples. We developed a new method that allows the quantitative analysis of four commonly observed microcystin congeners (LR, LA, YR, and RR) and anatoxin-a in a 6-min LC run without solid-phase enrichment. Limits of detection for the microcystin congeners (LR, LA, YR, and RR) and anatoxin-a were <5 ng/L (200-fold lower than the guideline value of 1 µg/L as maximum allowable concentration of MC-LR in drinking water). The method was applied for screening freshwaters in the Pacific Northwest during the bloom and post-bloom periods. The use of high resolution mass spectrometry and concomitant high sensitivity detection of specific fragment ions with high mass accuracy provides an integrated approach for the simultaneous identification and quantification of cyanobacterial toxins. The method is sensitive enough for detecting the toxins in single Microcystis colonies.
Laws, Truths, and Hypotheses

Our last chapter concluded with the suggestion that at least some of our laws of nature are the laws of our method of representing nature. The laws of mechanics, thus, are just the laws of the methods by the use of which we represent mechanical phenomena. Or, to put it another way, the laws of mechanics are the laws which relate our mechanical concepts. To this was appended the even more alarming thesis that, all this being so, the laws of mechanics are not facts about the world at all. Laws of nature are not facts about nature. Clearly, this needs support.
Minocycline to reduce cancer pain in patients with multiple myeloma: A phase II randomized trial.

10100Background: Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) experience substantial pain that may be from disease and/or post autologous stem cell transplant condition, and exacerbated by maintenance thera...
SDN-ERS: A Timely Software Defined Networking Framework for Emergency Response Systems

Emergency data must be delivered in a timely fashion to assist rescue effort and recovery after a crisis. The data are often classified based on urgency for delivery priority. In this paper, we explore the feasibility of adopting Software Defined Networking (SDN) to support emergency response where the SDN framework is proposed to minimize the end-to-end delay for emergency data delivery depending on data urgency. We further leverage real-world emergency data to evaluate the proposed SDN framework on the Global Environment for Network Innovations (GENI) testbed. Our experiments demonstrate that the proposed framework is effective and efficient in delivering emergency data according to data priority. Specifically, our SDN framework improves the end-to-end-delay for the delivery of different priority emergency services, ranging from 10% to 25%. The proposed framework is also applicable to other cyber-physical systems.
Distinguishing multiple-merger from Kingman coalescence using two-site frequency spectra

Demographic inference methods in population genetics typically assume that the ancestry of a sample can be modeled by the Kingman coalescent. A defining feature of this stochastic process is that it generates genealogies that are binary trees: no more than two ancestral lineages may coalesce at the same time. However, this assumption breaks down under several scenarios. For example, pervasive natural selection and extreme variation in offspring number can both generate genealogies with "multiple-merger" events in which more than two lineages coalesce instantaneously. Therefore, detecting multiple mergers is important both for understanding which forces have shaped the diversity of a population and for avoiding fitting misspecified models to data. Current methods to detect multiple mergers in genomic data rely on the site frequency spectrum (SFS). However, the signatures of multiple mergers in the SFS are also consistent with a Kingman coalescent with a time-varying population size. Here, we present a new method for detecting multiple mergers based on the pointwise mutual information of the two-site frequency spectrum for pairs of linked sites. Unlike the SFS, the pointwise mutual information depends mostly on the topologies of genealogies rather than on their branch lengths and is therefore largely insensitive to population size change. This statistic is global in the sense that it can detect when the genome-wide genetic diversity is inconsistent with the Kingman coalescent, rather than detecting outlier regions, as in selection scan methods. Finally, we demonstrate a graphical model-checking procedure based on the pointwise mutual information using genomic diversity data from Drosophila melanogaster.
Size and form of eggs of allodapine bees

Eggs of allodapine bees from Africa and Australia are illustrated. Egg size is not related to social level, as has been previously indicated. It is related to the laying rate, so that a species whose eggs are laid over considerable periods lays larger eggs than one whose laying is crowded into brief periods. The latter is a derived condition probably facilitating feeding of groups of larvae which at anyone stage require similar treatment.
Effects of surgical targeting in laser interstitial thermal therapy for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: A multicenter study of 234 patients

Objective Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) has reported seizure freedom rates between 36% and 78% with at least 1 year of follow-up. Unfortunately, the lack of robust methods capable of incorporating the inherent variability of patient anatomy, the variability of the ablated volumes, and clinical outcomes have limited three-dimensional quantitative analysis of surgical targeting and its impact on seizure outcomes. We therefore aimed to leverage a novel image-based methodology for normalizing surgical therapies across a large multicenter cohort to quantify the effects of surgical targeting on seizure outcomes in LITT for mTLE. Methods This multicenter, retrospective cohort study included 234 patients from 11 centers who underwent LITT for mTLE. To investigate therapy location, all ablation cavities were manually traced on postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which were subsequently nonlinearly normalized to a common atlas space. The association of clinical variables and ablation location to seizure outcome was calculated using multivariate regression and Bayesian models, respectively. Results Ablations including more anterior, medial, and inferior temporal lobe structures, which involved greater amygdalar volume, were more likely to be associated with Engel class I outcomes. At both 1 and 2 years after LITT, 58.0% achieved Engel I outcomes. A history of bilateral tonic-clonic seizures decreased chances of Engel I outcome. Radiographic hippocampal sclerosis was not associated with seizure outcome. Significance LITT is a viable treatment for mTLE in patients who have been properly evaluated at a comprehensive epilepsy center. Consideration of surgical factors is imperative to the complete assessment of LITT. Based on our model, ablations must prioritize the amygdala and also include the hippocampal head, parahippocampal gyrus, and rhinal cortices to maximize chances of seizure freedom. Extending the ablation posteriorly has diminishing returns. Further work is necessary to refine this analysis and define the minimal zone of ablation necessary for seizure control.
Structure and Expression of the Murine Ia α Chains

The murine Immune Response (IR) genes somehow control the ability of an animal to mount an effective response to certain antigens. (1,2) There has been sophisticated experimental analysis of the intricacies of this process, but as yet, no real understanding of the mechanism of control. In the belief that a knowledge of the structure of the molecules involved would reveal clues to their function, several workers have analyzed the IR gene products biochemically, mostly by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. (1,2) It was determined that there are two IR gene complexes: E and A. The E complex consists of one polypeptide derived from the I-E subregion, Eα (MW∿34,000), and another from the I-A subregion, Eβ (MW∿29,000). Both polypeptides of the A complex, Aα (MW∿34,000) and Aβ (MW∿29,000), map to the I-A subregion. Protein sequence data for these polypeptides has been scant because of the difficulty in obtaining large amounts of material. It became obvious, then, that the IR gene products could best be analyzed by the techniques of molecular biology.
Mechanisms of Stroke in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Background: Given the increasing worldwide prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), it is critical to decrease the associated risk of debilitating vascular complications, including stroke, congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, and peripheral vascular disease. Treatment options for reducing the risk of all subtypes of stroke in patients with CKD remain limited. For patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), novel applications of noninvasive imaging may help personalize the type of dialysis and dialysis prescription for patients at high-risk. Summary: This manuscript reviews the heightened risk of stroke in patients with nephropathy, including ischemic and hemorrhagic subtypes. Mechanisms associated with increased risk include alterations in cardiac output, platelet function, regional cerebral perfusion, accelerated systemic atherosclerosis, altered blood brain barrier, and disordered neurovascular coupling. There is great potential for noninvasive monitoring of the cerebral vasculature using transcranial Doppler (TCD) to reduce stroke risk, particularly in patients with ESKD. Key Messages: Compared to the general population, patients with CKD are at heightened risk for all subtypes of stroke. This is due to a multitude of mechanisms linking nephropathy with altered cerebral perfusion, cerebral neurovascular coupling, and blood vessel integrity. Intracranial imaging is not currently standard of care practice in patients with CKD or ESKD. TCD may provide clinicians real-time and noninvasive measurement of brain perfusion. This could be useful for assessing risk of stroke in patients’ initiating dialysis, individualizing dialysis prescriptions, and potentially reducing rates of cerebrovascular disease and stroke in high-risk patients.
RF-DNA Fingerprint Classification of OFDM Signals Using a Rayleigh Fading Channel Model

The Internet of Things is a collection of Internet connected devices capable of interacting with the physical world and computer-based systems and is estimated to consist of 20 to 50 billion devices by the year 2020. Due to these numbers and the fact that 70% of the edge devices have no or poor encryption, there is a need for mechanisms by which to secure these devices and associated networks. Specific Emitter Identification (SEI) is one proposed mechanism for IoT security; however, performance within multipath environments has received little attention. This work presents the integration of a novel, Nelder-Mead (N-M)-based channel estimator within the Radio Frequency-Distinct Native Attributes (RF-DNA) fingerprinting process to facilitate serial number discrimination when IoT devices are operating within a multipath environment and degrading Signal-to-Noise Ratio. Percent correct classification performance is used to assess the developed RF-DNA fingerprinting process. Two additional SEI approaches are assessed to facilitate comparative analysis of the serial number discrimination of four IEEE 802.11a Wi-Fi radios using a Rayleigh fading channel. Relative to the Adaptive Compensator (A-C) and N-M SEI approaches, RF-DNA fingerprinting provides the best means for achieving reliable (better than 95%) identification of all radios within a $L=2$ Rayleigh fading channel at $\mathbf{SNR} \geq 21\ \mathbf{dB}$ .
Psychological Treatments: The Patient

Patients value psychological therapies in order to learn how to cope better with their chronic illness. A wide variety of psychological treatments available for patients with schizophrenia are reviewed in this chapter. Supportive therapy is most widely used and the default treatment modality, with techniques that are applicable to all typical patients seen in the public and community psychiatry sector. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for psychosis and psychoeducation engages the patient’s curiosity about learning more about their symptoms and how to manage their disease. This chapter ends with more recent developments in positive psychology including resilience-enhancing approaches.
Isolation, Transfection, and Culture of Primary Human Monocytes

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a major health concern despite the introduction of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) in the mid-1990s. While antiretroviral therapy efficiently lowers systemic viral load and restores normal CD4+ T cell counts, it does not reconstitute a completely functional immune system. A dysfunctional immune system in HIV-infected individuals undergoing cART may be characterized by immune activation, early aging of immune cells, or persistent inflammation. These conditions, along with comorbid factors associated with HIV infection, add complexity to the disease, which cannot be easily reproduced in cellular and animal models. To investigate the molecular events underlying immune dysfunction in these patients, a system to culture and manipulate human primary monocytes in vitro is presented here. Specifically, the protocol allows for the culture and transfection of primary CD14+ monocytes obtained from HIV-infected individuals undergoing cART as well as from HIV-negative controls. The method involves isolation, culture, and transfection of monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages. While commercially available kits and reagents are employed, the protocol provides important tips and optimized conditions for successful adherence and transfection of monocytes with miRNA mimics and inhibitors as well as with siRNAs.
βAPP Metabolites, Radicals, Calcium, and Neurodegeneration: Novel Neuroprotective Strategies

Many biochemical and molecular alterations in the brains of victims of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other age-associated neurodegenerative disorders have been described. Unfortunately, it remains unclear which of the alterations contribute to the neuronal damage, which represent compensatory and cytoprotective responses to ongoing cell injury, and which are mere remnants of damaged cells in general. The present article describes studies that have been performed in our laboratories to help define roles for two major metabolites of the β-amyloid precursor protein (βAPP) in the pathogenesis of AD. In addition, we discuss findings concerning age-related alterations in brain metabolism (e.g., reduced glucose availability), and cellular signaling systems regulating neuronal plasticity and survival (e.g., neurotrophic factors), that are likely to impact on the biological activities of βAPP metabolites. Cellular systems regulating metabolism of calcium and reactive oxygen species (ROS) appear to be critical targets of both neurodegenerative and neuroprotective pathways. We therefore highlight the variety of both natural and synthetic compounds that can stabilize calcium homeostasis and ROS metabolism, and which may thus prove effective in reducing neuronal injury in a variety of neurodegenerative disorders. We emphasize βAPP in this chapter, not because it is the only determinant of AD, but rather because increasing data suggest it plays a pivotal role in many cases. This article is not intended to be a comprehensive review of the literature, and we refer the reader to review articles that provide more in-depth analyses of our current understanding of the molecular and cellular pathophysiology of AD1–4.
Chapter 14 – LOCATION QUOTIENT

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on location quotient, which is a simple ratio calculation that measures the concentration of some activity in a region being studied relative to a reference region. The technique is frequently used with economic data in which it is used as a short-cut technique to determine where industries are concentrated and which economic sectors produce for the export market. The location quotient is the division of one ratio by a second ratio. The first ratio calculates the percentage of total activity that the activity being studied represents in the study region. The second ratio calculates the percentage of total activity that the activity being studied represents in the reference region. A location quotient of unity (one) indicates that the specific activity being studied is as concentrated in the region being studied as it is in the reference region. LQs less than one indicate that the activity is less concentrated in the region being studied, and LQs greater than one indicate that the activity is more concentrated in the region being studied than in the comparison region.
Self-Supervised Physics-Based Deep Learning MRI Reconstruction Without Fully-Sampled Data

Deep learning (DL) has emerged as a tool for improving accelerated MRI reconstruction. A common strategy among DL methods is the physics-based approach, where a regularized iterative algorithm alternating between data consistency and a regularizer is unrolled for a finite number of iterations. This unrolled network is then trained end-to-end in a supervised manner, using fully-sampled data as ground truth for the network output. However, in a number of scenarios, it is difficult to obtain fully-sampled datasets, due to physiological constraints such as organ motion or physical constraints such as signal decay. In this work, we tackle this issue and propose a self-supervised learning strategy that enables physics-based DL reconstruction without fully-sampled data. Our approach is to divide the acquired sub-sampled points for each scan into two sets, one of which is used to enforce data consistency in the unrolled network and the other to define the loss for training. Results show that the proposed self-supervised learning method successfully reconstructs images without fully-sampled data, performing similarly to the supervised approach that is trained with fully-sampled references. This has implications for physics-based inverse problem approaches for other settings, where fully-sampled data is not available or possible to acquire.
A comparative study of online review management in hospitality services

Managing online reviews has become an essential task for managers thanks to the profound impact of customer online reviews on hospitality services. Multinational hospitality services face mounting challenges of managing online reviews posted by domestic and international customers when operating and competing in different countries. Based on a comparative case study, this paper provides a comprehensive understanding of online review management practices in the hospitality industries in the USA and China. The study develops a conceptual framework for key online review management practices and identifies the similarities and differences of these key practices between the USA and China. The key practices set the groundwork for developing an integrated framework for evaluating online review management practices. The comparison provides guidelines for multinational companies to manage online review management practices in different countries when competing with other multinational or domestic companies.
Peripheral androgen blockade in men with castrate-sensitive biochemical recurrent prostate cancer

The aim of the study was to evaluate the feasibility of utilizing peripheral androgen blockade in men with biochemical recurrent castrate-sensitive prostate cancer. A registration study to track outcomes of men with biochemical recurrent castrate-sensitive prostate cancer treated with peripheral androgen blockade utilizing concomitant administration of finasteride and bicalutamide. Men were on intermittent peripheral blockade for a median 20.2 months, continuous peripheral blockade for a median 6.8 months, intermittent triple dose peripheral androgen blockade for a median 10.7 months, and continuous triple dose peripheral androgen blockade for 4.4 months before failing therapy. Six men (21%) had additional therapies during treatment that included metastasis-directed therapy (5/37, 14%), systemic Lu-177 (2/37, 5%), and salvage RT (1/37, 3%). The median time to progression, which includes time from initiation through all therapies to the initiation of ADT, was 37.6 months (IQR 20–74.7). From the start of PAB, median time to castrate resistance was 49.8 months (IQR 40.9-NR). After starting ADT, median time to castrate resistance was 8.8 months (IQR 4.6–17.7). Our data support the exploration of PAB as a treatment option in carefully selected patients who present with biochemical recurrence after failure of definitive local therapy for prostate cancer.
Analytical estimation of breakdown voltage in insulated-gate bipolar transistors

In this paper, we derive closed-form equations for the breakdown voltage of punch-through and non-punch-through insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs). The derivation is based on computing the electric field in the drift region by invoking the depletion approximation and expressing the ionization coefficient as a function of the electric field using a power law. These approximations allow us to find closed-form solutions for the ionization integral and, then, compute the breakdown voltage of the IGBTs analytically as a function of the length of the drift region and doping concentrations in the buffer layer, drift region, and emitter junction. The analytical predictions are then compared to more reliable finite element simulations, and despite the approximations made in the analytical derivation, a very good agreement is observed for a large range of doping variations. In addition to designing purposes, the analytical model derived in this paper can be useful in developing new or improving existing compact modes for punch-through and non-punch-through IGBTs.
E-138 Technical report and patient specific 3-D experimentation of comaneci stent vs balloon assisted distal micro-catheterization of brain arteriovenous malformation

Introduction/Purpose Catheterization of brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) can be challenging when small arterial feeders arise with sharp angles. We report the use of the Comaneci device to catheterize a small feeder with hyperacute angle, along with 3-D in-vitro model reconstruction and experimentation of balloon vs Comaneci stent micro-catheterization. We also developed a 3-D model of the arterial anatomy to compare Comaneci vs balloon assisted catheterization of small feeders. Methods and Methods Patient is a 37-year-old man who presented with sudden onset of severe headache and left sided weakness. Initial CT head and MRA showed left basal ganglia hemorrhage associated with left thalamic AVM. Using a 3D model of the AVM, 30 iterations of micro-catheterization was performed with balloon (Hyperform 4x7mm), Comaneci Petit (24mm length) stent, and without any device assistance (10 each). Results During the embolization procedure, Comaneci stent provided adequate support distal to the origin of the arterial feeder to the AVM, and the microcatheter was successfully navigated into the small sharply angled feeder (figure 1A). Experimental model showed similar effectiveness of balloon and Comaneci stent with 3/10 first-attempt success rate for micro-catheterization, and 0/10 without any device (figure 1B). Patient tolerated the procedure well with no ischemic or hemorrhagic complications. Conclusion Comaneci stent showed similar efficacy compared to a balloon for distal micro catherization without distal flow-arrest. Our technical report along with the 3-D model experiments provide insights into the utility of Comaneci vs balloon assisted micro-catherization of the small sharply angled feeders in AVM embolization. Disclosures H. Saber: None. N. Kaneko: None. S. Tateshima: 2; C; Medtronic, Stryker, Cerenovus. G. Colby: 2; C; Stryker, MicroVention, Medtronic. V. Szeder: None. M. Nour: None. G. Duckwiler: 2; C; Medtronic. R. Jahan: 2; C; Medtronic, Balt.
Human Milk Glucose, Leptin, and Insulin Predict Cessation of Full Breastfeeding and Initiation of Formula Use.

Objective: We aimed to investigate prospective associations between milk bioactives related to metabolic health (glucose, insulin, leptin, C reactive protein [CRP], and interleukin 6 [IL-6]) and in...
A Piercing Paradigm: A Healthcare Provider's Guide to the Care of Individuals with Body Piercing and Body Modifications

Introduction Often when individuals with body piercings, tattoos or body modifications are seen, strong reactions are elicited involving taboo subject matter, criminal predisposition, substance abuse and reckless behaviors. Despite such stereotypes, piercing and body modifications are growing in popularity and becoming more mainstream. Identification of the problem No formal education for health care providers exists on body piercings/body modifications. The knowledge gap is compounded by lack of medical research on the topic. EBP Question/Purpose: PICO question. Databases utilized How can patients with piercings and body modifications receive appropriate care from healthcare providers during their hospitalization? In an age where piercings and body modifications are commonplace, nurses need to know proper patient care. Preventing the piercing site from closing is a major concern of patients during their hospital stay. Furthermore, questions arise regarding the safety of surgical and radiological procedures in the presence of body piercing/modifications. A literature synthesis was conducted within CINAHL, PubMed, Uptodate and Embase using the following search terms, alone/in combinations: body modifications, body art, body piercing, tattoo, healthcare, and nursing. Methods/Evidence Sources were limited to English-language and human adult/adolescent participants. The combined search yielded 74 publications. After initial screening, 38 articles were examined. Twenty-three articles were excluded due to content unrelated to healthcare. The final sample of 15 publications formed the basis of the literature review. Significance of Findings/Outcomes The mechanisms for nurses to remove body jewelry are examined. Maintaining patency for both small and large piercing tracts using items such as plastic intravenous catheters (IVs) are discussed. Patient involvement in removing/replacing body jewelry is encouraged. Concerns are addressed regarding the potential complications that may occur when an individual with body modifications is exposed to diagnostic imaging including mild burns and discomfort. Scarification can reduce skin accessibility for catheter insertions and/or a surgical incision and may lead to additional surgery time. Subdermal implants are generally composed of silicone or Teflon but may be metal. Patient with implants may not be able to undergo MRI diagnostics and/or may need the implant surgically removed if within the surgical field. Implications for perianesthesia nurses and future research This presentation provides the best practice recommendation for perioperative health care providers regarding the care of patients with body piercing/modifications. Enhancing nursing knowledge of body piercing/modifications provides the patient with care that is appropriate and sensitive to the patient.
Hazy “Career Clarity” Can Career Crafting Bring It into Focus?

This research proposes a new theory for explaining career progression and guiding individuals to chart their career pathways. It focusses tightly on how one thinks about and manages the range of activities involved in making their career. The study examines the career journeys of accounting professionals in mainstream firms and academia in New Zealand. A qualitative approach was used for collecting data. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 36 participants. Analysis used NVivo software. The exploration revealed a continuum of career clarity with respect to formulation of career goals. Only eight participants seemed to have perfect clarity about their initial goals, whereas twenty-four participants have clarity with regard to current and future career goals. The main influences were the deliberate efforts of career crafting, the role of family and organization. Characteristics of crafters are identified, and scope for future research is discussed.