cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effect of Environmental Temperature and Feeding Regimen on Quantity of Digestive Tract Contents of Broilers

Abstract Carcass contamination from contents of the digestive tract during processing is a recurring problem for the broiler industry. Environment and feeding regimen are often implicated as causative factors. The effects of environmental temperature and meal feeding on passage of feed through the digestive tract of broilers were examined. Broilers were reared in environmental chambers in five experiments. In the first experiment, environmental temperatures were constant temperatures of 16 and 27 C and cycles of 16-24-16 and 24-35-24 C and rate of passage of feed through the digestive tract (ROP) was determined with ferric oxide. Temperature did not consistently affect ROP. In the other four experiments, various environmental temperatures were investigated and broilers were fed continuously or for 12 or 16 h/day. Contents of the crop, proventriculus plus gizzard, and small intestine were weighed 2, 4, 6, and 8 h after feeding withdrawal. Environmental temperature did not directly affect the movement of digesta but the feeding regimen affected the quantity of digesta in some segments of the tract. Environmental temperature may have indirectly affected the quantity of feed in the crop by affecting the quantity of feed consumed. Limiting the feeding period resulted in retention of digesta in the crop of some broilers for an extended period. This increased the variability in quantity of crop contents. A feeding regimen × temperature interaction resulted in increased small intestine weight for meal-fed broilers at 16 C.
Glass sealing technology for displays

Abstract A key element in the manufacture of virtually any kind of electronic display is the sealing glass and its relationship to other components in the device. This paper discusses sealing glasses, their properties, and their applications.
Will Black economic empowerment catalyse South African growth

Racial segregation has been South Africa's primary and defining characteristic. Non–whites were disadvantaged because of structures that limited their economic and social opportunities, leaving few from this vast group in the formal economy. Black economic empowerment (BEE and its more recent broad–based version) is a policy intervention driven from the economic and industrial complex in government. Aimed directly at addressing the economy's skewed racial profile, BEE calls the private sector to restructure itself and create opportunities for previously disadvantaged individuals (PDIs). The policy requires change to intra and inter–firm relational patterns of capital and control, personnel selection, promotion and development, supplier selection, enterprise development and social engagement. Organisational theory argues that these kinds of intra and inter–firm relational structures and the networks they establish influence who participates in economies and how these people benefit. This argument supports the contention that BEE's focal changes are necessary to open the economy and adjust its racial composition. If the structures that have entrenched patterns of access to economic opportunities remain static they will not allow inclusion of previously excluded groups. The argument could also be used to view BEE as a potential South African growth catalyst.
How good does the science have to be in proposals submitted to Institutional Review Boards? An interview study of Institutional Review Board personnel.

BackgroundInstitutional Review Boards (IRBs) have been increasingly criticized for how they review protocols, but how IRBs perceive, and make decisions about, the quality of the science of protocol...
PROTON-PROTON INTERACTION

A model for p-p interactions below 350 Mev is studied, which contains a boundary condition to represent the shortrange potential, and a fourth order static perturbative tail for the long-range interaction. The scattering phase shifts and wave functions are found for various energies and quantum states. Pair suppression, ladder, and one- and two-pion-exchange effects are included in the potential. (T.F.H.)
Targeting the obesity epidemic in children and adolescents: research evidence for practice.

Obesity in children and adolescents is now considered to be an epidemic in the United States and a critical health priority, according to the World Health Organization (WHO)....
Imparting regenerative capacity to limbs by progenitor cell transplantation

The frog Xenopus can normally regenerate its limbs at early developmental stages but loses the ability during metamorphosis. This behavior provides a potential gain-of-function model for measures that can enhance limb regeneration. Here, we show that frog limbs can be caused to form multidigit regenerates after receiving transplants of larval limb progenitor cells. It is necessary to activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the cells and to add Sonic hedgehog, FGF10, and thymosin β4. These factors promote survival and growth of the grafted cells and also provide pattern information. The eventual regenerates are not composed solely of donor tissue; the host cells also make a substantial contribution despite their lack of regeneration competence. Cells from adult frog legs or from regenerating tadpole tails do not promote limb regeneration, demonstrating the necessity for limb progenitor cells. These findings have obvious implications for the development of a technology to promote limb regeneration in mammals.
α(Q2) corrections to particle multiplicity ratios in gluon and quark jets

The order α(Q2) correction to the particle multiplicity ratio in gluon and quark jets is calculated in QCD. We find r=941−αCA2π13+Nƒ3CA−2NƒCF3C2A with r=〈n〉gluon jet/〈n〉quark jet. The method used is systematic and could be used for an order α(Q2) calculation.
Neuroimaging studies of mental rotation: A meta-analysis and review

Mental rotation is a hypothesized imagery process that has inspired controversy regarding the substrate of human spatial reasoning. Two central questions about mental rotation remain: Does mental rotation depend on analog spatial representations, and does mental rotation depend on motor simulation? A review and meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies help answer these questions. Mental rotation is accompanied by increased activity in the intraparietal sulcus and adjacent regions. These areas contain spatially mapped representations, and activity in these areas is modulated by parametric manipulations of mental rotation tasks, supporting the view that mental rotation depends on analog representations. Mental rotation also is accompanied by activity in the medial superior precentral cortex, particularly under conditions that favor motor simulation, supporting the view that mental rotation depends on motor simulation in some situations. The relationship between mental rotation and motor simulation can be understood in terms of how these two processes update spatial reference frames.
A Random Precoding Technique for the Downlink of Multiuser MIMO Systems

Several preceding techniques have been proposed to spatially multiplex users in the downlink of multiuser MIMO systems. These techniques are computationally complex and require that channel state information (CSI) of all users is available at the base station (BS). In this paper, we propose a random preceding technique that needs only limited feedback from the mobile stations to the BS. We investigate the performance of the proposed technique for various system parameters. We show that at low-to-medium SNR, the system with the proposed technique results in larger capacity gains than the system with full CSI and which uses a multiple access scheme to schedule users for spatial multiplexing.
Statistical Significance and Reliability Analyses in Recent Journal of Counseling & Development Research Articles

The mission of the Journal of Counseling & Development (JCD) includes serving as “a scholarly record of the counseling profession” (Borders, 1996, p. 3) and as part of the “conscience of the profession.” This ambitious responsibility may require the willingness to engage in occasional self-study. This study investigated 2 aspects of research analyses in the quantitative research studies reported in 1996 JCD issues.
Radiometric evaluation of surgical microscope lights for hazards analyses.

The light output of ten operating microscope illuminators used for eye surgery was measured. The spectral output characteristics of each source were compared to optical radiation safety standards. Exposure of sensitive ocular structures of the patient is discussed. The light sources tested were found to be safe for momentary viewing, and almost all devices sufficiently filtered IR wavelengths to preclude acute thermal bioeffects. The permissible occupational exposure duration was found to range from 2 min to 1 h. Interpretations of these findings to the clinical setting are provided. Light exposure of the retina should be minimized by using the lowest light setting commensurate with the surgical task and making maximal use of off-axis illumination to minimize central retinal (macular) exposure. It is also recommended to use eyecups to shield the retina during final suturing.
PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION OF TRANSFER BETWEEN SINGLE-WORD DECODING ABILITY AND CONTEXTUAL READING COMPREHENSION BY POOR READERS IN GRADE SIX

The study sought to investigate transfer between single-word decoding skill and contextual reading comprehension using 60 sixth grade pupils classified as 30 poor and 30 very poor readers. There were two training groups, content-specific and non-content-specific. One group received single-word decoding training, which led to decoding mastery of all words to be read in narrative prose passages and the accompanying literal and inferential comprehension questions. The other group learned to identify and pronounce words, equal in difficulty and number to those of the content-specific group but never a part of the passages and questions for the study. Pupils given content-specific training answered significantly more literal and inferential questions correctly than did those given non-content-specific training. It is suggested that there is transfer between single-word decoding skill and contextual, literal and inferential comprehension.
Fluorescence Intermittency Limits Brightness in CdSe/ZnS Nanoparticles Quantified by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy

Traditional fluorophores often impose inconvenient limitations because of their narrow excitation spectra, broad emission bands, and significant photobleaching. Quantum dots (QDs) have grown in popularity because of their high emission quantum yields, broad absorbance spectra, and narrow, tunable emission spectra. Here, coated CdSe/ZnS QDs with emission maxima at 496 nm (T2-496), 520 nm (QD520), and 560 nm (QD560 and Qdot565) were characterized while freely diffusing in solution using confocal fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and were compared with well-known fluorophores such as Alexa 488 to reveal critical photophysical properties. Comparisons are made between dots synthesized by similar methods (QD520 and QD560 nm) differing in their emission spectra and outer coating for biofunctionalization. The same photophysical principles also describe the T2-496 and Qdot565 dots, which were synthesized by different, proprietary methods. All of the tested QDs had larger hydrodynamic radii and slower diffusion coefficients than Alexa 488 and underwent numerous transitions between bright and dark states, especially at high illumination intensities, as described here by a new FCS fitting function. The QDs with the fastest transitions between the bright and dark states had the lowest average occupancies in dark states and correspondingly higher maximum brightness per particle. Although these QDs were in some cases brighter than Alexa at low excitation intensities, the QDs saturated at lower intensities than did Alexa and had generally somewhat lower maximum brightness per particle, except for the Qdot565s. Thus, it appears that intermittency (at least in part) limits maximum brightness in QDs, despite the potential for high fluorescence emission rates that is expected from their large extinction coefficients. These results suggest possibilities for significant improvement of QDs for biological applications by adjustments of manufacturing techniques and environmental conditions.
Generation of Ground‐Water Age Distributions

Discrete-state compartment (DSC) models and their associated age distribution functions permit the quantitative interpretation of environmental radioisotope data such as carbon-14 ground-water decay ages. These mixing-cell models offer a means for constructing ground-water flow models that can be used to relate decay ages to ground-water mean ages. In addition, DSC models can also generate the entire distribution of ages in various subregions of a ground-water reservoir. A preexisting DSC model of a portion of the Tucson Basin alluvial aquifer is used as an example. Ground-water mean ages in this aquifer range from 100 to almost 15,000 years old, with the oldest waters about 40,000 years old. Since the ground-water ages are not normally distributed, means and medians are not equivalent. The results indicate that care must be used in interpreting both ground-water radioisotope decay ages as well as mean ground-water ages and that knowledge of the entire age distribution is preferable. Age distributions are especially useful in hydrogeologic studies in which mixing is important and may find use in paleohydrogeologic investigations.
Teaching Hypothesis Testing by Debunking a Demonstration of Telepathy

Introductory psychology students were told that their instructor had telepathic powers. The instructor demonstrated these “psychic” abilities by transmitting various images into the minds of the st...
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis as a Cause of Acute Headache

Most patients presenting to the family practice office or emergency department (ED) have benign causes for their headache symptoms. However, it is vitally important to recognize high-risk clinical features that could represent intracranial pathology. Cerebral venous (CVT) and dural sinus thrombosis
Innovative Education Environment and Open Data Initiative:Steps towards User-Powered Society-Oriented Systems

The economy is not keeping pace with the increasing speed of technological evolution. The inadequacy of the current system of education is a possible reason for this. Evolution forces us to produce experts for tasks and businesses which do not yet exist, to teach them technologies which have not yet been devised. The best way to produce experts is to accentuate the learner’s best abilities and skills, assess the learner’s potential and develop it further. We badly need revolutionary methods to facilitate intelligent personalization of study processes and approaches to make innovative education content more attractive and motivational for the learner. Advanced information management services and platforms play a valuable role in education process development, enabling new generations of students and education-related content providers to create, share, search, combine and deliver reliable and competent information. Earlier learner involvement in study content co-creation or personalization processes might dramatically increase student motivation and speed up the study process. Like any other products or services, e-Learning services need marketing to attract customers and make them a valuable source. To achieve a vision of ubiquitous knowledge, the next generation of innovative education environments will apply the achievements of the Open Data initiative and move towards learner-driven society-oriented systems. Therefore, this paper touches on different aspects of co-creative innovative education environment and correspondent e-Learning marketing strategies.
Men's and Women's Mating Preferences: Distinct Evolutionary Mechanisms?:

Have men and women evolved sex-distinct mating preferences for short-term and long-term mating, as postulated by some evolutionary theorists? Direct tests of assumptions, consideration of confounds with gender, and examination of the same variables for both sexes suggest men and women are remarkably similar. Furthermore, cross-species comparisons indicate that humans do not evidence mating mechanisms indicative of short-term mating (e.g., large female sexual skins, large testicles). Understanding human variability in mating preferences is apt to involve more detailed knowledge of the links between these preferences and biological and chemical mechanisms associated with sexual motivation, sexual arousal, and sexual functioning.
The role of individual cysteine residues in the structure and function of the v-sis gene product

The v-sis oncogene encodes a platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-related product whose transforming activity is mediated by its functional interaction with the PDGF receptor. PDGF, as well as processed forms of the v-sis gene product, is a disulfide-linked dimer with eight conserved cysteine residues in the minimum region necessary for biologic activity. Site-directed mutagenesis of the v-sis gene revealed that each conserved cysteine residue was required directly or indirectly for disulfide-linked dimer formation. However, substitution of serine for cysteine codons at any of four positions had no detrimental effect on transforming activity of the encoded v-sis protein. These results establish that interchain disulfide bonds are not essential in order for this protein to act as a functional ligand for the PDGF receptor. The remaining four substitutions of serine for cysteine each inactivated transforming function of the molecule. In each case this was associated with loss of a conformation shown to involve intramolecular disulfide bonds. These studies provide insight into the role of individual cysteine residues in determining the structure of the sis/PDGF molecule critical for biological activity.
Teaching and Learning: Using Experiential Learning and Reflection for Leadership Education

Experiential education and learning should be used in framing leadership education. This chapter will explore how leadership education in higher education can be taught from an experiential education framework. International Leadership Association overarching Teaching and Learning Guiding Question: “What are students' developmental levels and what teaching and learning methods are most appropriate to ensure maximum student learning?”
The Impact of Cancer on the Family: An Overview:

Although trends in health care point to the increasing involvement of the family in caring for the ill family member, little attention has been directed toward the needs of other healthy family members or the impact that cancer has on their lives. In this article, literature on the impact of cancer on the family will be reviewed and specific problems that family members confront over the course of the patient's illness will be identified. During the initial phase of cancer family members feel excluded from care, have difficulty communicating with staff and experience considerable emotional tension. In the adaptation phase family members have problems with lifestyle changes, meeting the needs of well family members and living with uncertainty. In the terminal phase family members experience role strain, communication problems on the subject of death and feelings of loss. Intervention strategies that have been used to assist family members to cope with the cancer experience are also reviewed. Finally, how p...
A reflectodirective system using a composite right/left-handed (CRLH) leaky-wave antenna and heterodyne mixing

This letter presents a novel reflecto-directive system using a composite right/left-handed (CRLH) leaky-wave (LW) antenna and heterodyne mixing. The system receives a signal at a fixed frequency with a patch antenna and reflects it back toward any desired angle by tuning the LO frequency of a mixer. The performances of the system are demonstrated experimentally: 5 GHz incoming signals at -30/spl deg/, 0/spl deg/ and +30/spl deg/ are detected and transmitted, or "reflected", to -20/spl deg/ at 3.5 GHz, +20/spl deg/ at 4.5 GHz and +50/spl deg/ at 5.5 GHz in agreement with the angle-frequency relationship of the CRLH antenna.
Developing an autonomy infusion infrastructure for robotic exploration

In this paper, we present an overview of the CLARAty (coupled layer architecture for robotic autonomy) architecture and describe the growth of capabilities and algorithms now available within this framework. We discuss the challenges of developing a software system with remote institutions and the lessons learned in our experience developing CLARAty with ARC, JPL, and Carnegie Mellon University. We describes the rover testbeds, in particular the K9 rover, and the integration and demonstration of new technologies enabling robust execution, single communication cycle instrument placement, fault diagnosis, and autonomous science.
Characterizing watershed-delineated landscapes in Pennsylvania using conditional entropy profiles

When the objective is to characterize landscapes with respect to relative degree and type of forest (or other critical habitat) fragmentation, it is difficult to decide which variables to measure and what type of discriminatory analysis to apply. It is also desirable to incorporate multiple measurement scales. In response, a new method has been developed that responds to changes in both the marginal and spatial distributions of land cover in a raster map. Multiscale features of the map are captured in a sequence of successively coarsened resolutions based on the random filter for degrading raster map resolutions. Basically, the entropy of spatial pattern associated with a particular pixel resolution is calculated, conditional on the pattern of the next coarser ‘parent’ resolution. When the entropy is plotted as a function of changing resolution, we obtain a simple two-dimensional graph called a ‘conditional entropy profile’, thus providing a graphical visualization of multi-scale fragmentation patterns. Using eight-category raster maps derived from 30-meter resolution LANDSAT Thematic Mapper images, the conditional entropy profile was obtained for each of 102 watersheds covering the state of Pennsylvania (USA). A suite of more conventional single-resolution landscape measurements was also obtained for each watershed using the FRAGSTATS program. After dividing the watersheds into three major physiographic provinces, cluster analysis was performed within each province using various combinations of the FRAGSTATS variables, land cover proportions and variables describing the conditional entropy profiles. Measurements of both spatial pattern and marginal land cover proportions were necessary to clearly discriminate the watersheds into distinct clusters for most of the state; however, the Piedmont province essentially only required the land cover proportions. In addition to land cover proportions, only the variables describing a conditional entropy profile appeared to be necessary for the Ridge and Valley province, whereas only the FRAGSTATS variables appeared to be necessary for the Appalachian Plateaus province. Meanwhile, the graphical representation of conditional entropy profiles provided a visualization of multi-scale fragmentation that was quite sensitive to changing pattern.
Applying Mccabe's complexity measure to multiple-exit programs†

Le traditionnel calcul raccourci pour la metrique de complexite de Mac Cabe, Π+1, ne manipule pas le cas des graphes de flux a sortie multiple. Presentation d'un calcul raccourci alternatif qui permet a la metrique d'etre appliquee aux programmes de sortie multiple
Gut Microbiome Diversity among Cheyenne and Arapaho Individuals from Western Oklahoma

Existing studies characterizing gut microbiome variation in the United States suffer from population ascertainment biases, with individuals of American Indian ancestry being among the most underrepresented. Here, we describe the first gut microbiome diversity study of an American Indian community. We partnered with the Cheyenne and Arapaho (C&A), federally recognized American Indian tribes in Oklahoma, and compared gut microbiome diversity and metabolic function of C&A participants to individuals of non-native ancestry in Oklahoma (NNIs). While the C&A and NNI participants share microbiome features common to industrialized populations, the C&A participants had taxonomic profiles characterized by a reduced abundance of the anti-inflammatory bacterial genus Faecalibacterium, along with a fecal metabolite profile similar to dysbiotic states described for metabolic disorders. American Indians are known to be at elevated risk for metabolic disorders. While many aspects of this health disparity remain poorly understood, our results support the need to further study the microbiome as a contributing factor. As the field of microbiome research transitions to therapeutic interventions, it raises concerns that the continued exclusion and lack of participation of American Indian communities in these studies will further exacerbate health disparities. To increase momentum in fostering these much needed partnerships, it is essential that the scientific community actively engage in and recruit these vulnerable populations in basic research through a strategy that promotes mutual trust and understanding, as outlined in this study.
Involvement of cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase in μ-Opioid Modulation of NMDA-Mediated Synaptic Currents

We have previously reported dual effects of mu-opioids on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-receptor-mediated synaptic events in the hippocampal dentate gyrus: an indirect facilitating effect via suppression of GABAergic interneurons (disinhibition) and a direct inhibitory effect in the presence of gamma-aminobutyric acid-A (GABA(A)) antagonists. The cellular mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of mu-opioids remains to be determined. In the present study we examine the role of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase (PKA) in mu-opioid-induced inhibition of NMDA currents in rat hippocampal slices. NMDA-receptor-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents (NMDA EPSCs) were evoked by stimulating the lateral perforant path and were recorded from dentate granule cells with the use of whole cell voltage-clamp techniques in the presence of the GABA(A) antagonist and a non-NMDA type of glutamate receptor antagonist. Two selective mu-agonists, [N-MePhe3, D-Pro4]-morphiceptin and [D-Ala2, N-MePhe4, Gly-ol5]-enkephalin, induced dose-dependent inhibition of NMDA EPSCs in a concentration range of 0.3-10 microM. This inhibitory effect could be completely reversed by the opioid antagonists naloxone or prevented by a selective mu-antagonist cyprodime, but was not affected by removal of Mg2+ from the external perfusion medium. Intracellular application of pertussis toxin (PTX) into the granule cell via whole cell recording pipettes completely prevented mu-opioid-induced reduction in NMDA currents, suggesting that a postsynaptic mechanism involving PTX-sensitive G proteins might be responsible for the inhibitory action of mu-opioids. Further studies were conducted to identify the intracellular messengers that coupled with G proteins and transduced the effect of mu-opioids in granule cells. The adenylate cyclase activator forskolin was found to enhance NMDA-receptor-mediated synaptic responses and to reverse the inhibitory effect of mu-opioids. Sp-cAMPS, a specific PKA activator, also enhanced NMDA EPSCs, whereas the PKA inhibitor Rp-cAMPS reduced NMDA EPSCs and occluded further inhibition of the current by mu-opioids. These findings strongly suggest that NMDA receptor function is subject to the modulation by PKA, and that mu-opioids can inhibit NMDA currents through suppression of the cAMP cascade in the postsynaptic neuron. Combined with our previous findings, the present results also indicate that mu-opioids can modulate NMDA-receptor-mediated synaptic activity in a complex manner. The net effect of mu-opioids in the dentate gyrus may depend on the interplay between its disinhibitory action, which facilitates NMDA-receptor-mediated responses, and its inhibitory action on the cAMP cascade.
Library of Congress Subject Headings in Jewish Studies: Recent Changes (1994–1995)

The following subject headings of interest to Judaica and Hebraica librarians were culled from Library of Congress Weekly Lists (1994) nos. 6-52 (Feb. 9, 1994–December 28, 1994), and (1995) nos. 1–36 (January 4, 1995-September 6, 1995). This list continues my earlier one, published in Judaica Librarianship, vol. 8, no. 1–2 (Spring 1993–Winter 1994), pp. 73–82. The list is also an update of my 4th edition of Library of Congress Subject Headings in Jewish Studies (New York: Association of Jewish Libraries, 1993).
Confidence intervals: a useful statistical tool to estimate effect sizes in the real world.

between the presence of asthma and the risk of developing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults. Adults were randomly recruited from a population-based list of state employees and were followed for four years. Participants with asthma, when compared with those without, had a higher risk of developing OSA in four years (relative risk [RR] = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.06-1.82; p = 0.03) BACKGROUND When conducting clinical research, we usually recruit a subgroup of the population of interest in order to increase study efficiency (fewer costs and less time). This subgroup of individuals, the study population, are those individuals who meet the inclusion criteria and agree to participate in the study (Figure 1). We then complete the study and calculate an effect size (e.g., a mean difference or a relative risk) to answer our research question. This process (inference) involves using data collected from the study population to estimate the true effect size in the population of interest, i.e., the source population. In our example, investigators recruited a random sample of state employees (source population) who were eligible and agreed to participate in the study (study population) and reported that asthma increases the risk of developing OSA in the study population (RR = 1.39). To take into account a sampling error due to recruiting only a subgroup of the population of interest, they also calculated a 95% confidence interval (around the estimate) of 1.06-1.82, indicating a 95% probability that the true RR in the source population would be between 1.06 and 1.82.
Media.NYC.2020

Through Media.NYC.2020, launched in February 2009, NYCEDC set out to identify specifically what the challenges (and opportunities) facing New York’s media sector are in order to secure NYC’s place as an industry leader by 2020. Our year-long examination of the dynamics facing the sector drew upon the insights and recommendations of more than 200 experts, venture capitalists and academics. Together with industry leaders, we identified four strategic areas of focus: promoting connectivity; fostering innovation and entrepreneurship; opening a bi-lateral media gateway; and attracting top talent.
Paul Ricoeur and the “Particular” Case of Autobiography

ABSTRACTThis essay explores the relation between Paul Ricoeur's concept of narrative identity and the genre of autobiography. A logical fallacy committed by Ricoeur has contributed to the polarization of the debate. His ambiguous references misled critics to treat autobiography either as a “model case” or a “limit case” of narrative identity.
Search for New Thermoelectric Materials through Exploratory Solid State Chemistry. The Quaternary Phases A1+xM3−2xBi7+xSe14, A1−xM3−xBi11+xSe20, A1−xM4−xBi11+xSe21 and A1−xM5−xBi11+xSe22 (A = K, Rb, Cs, M = Sn, Pb) and the Homologous Series Am[M6Se8]m[M5+nSe9+n]

The compound types A1+xM3-2xBi7+xSe14, A1−xM3−xBi11+xSe20, A1−xM4−xBi11+xSe21 and A1−xM5−xBi11+xSe22 (A = K, Rb, Cs; M = Sn, Pb) form from reactions involving A2Se, Bi2Se3, M and Se. The single crystal structures reveal that they are all structurally related so that they all belong to the homologous series Am[M6Se8]m[M5+nSe9+n] (M = di- and trivalent metal), whose characteristics are three-dimensional anionic frameworks with tunnels filled with alkali ions. The building units that make up these structures are derived from different sections of the NaCl lattice. In these structures, the Bi and Sn (Pb) atoms are extensively disordered over the metal sites of the chalcogenide network, giving rise to very low thermal conductivity. These phases are all narrow gap semiconductors with 0.25 < Eg< 0.60 eV and many possess physico-chemical and charge transport properties suitable for thermoelectric investigations.
More than meets the eye

Orientation selectivity in visual cortex is not simply the result of linear input summation. Instead, selectivity is enhanced by nonlinear dendritic transformation of spatially clustered, cotuned synaptic inputs.
Rapid high resolution electroanatomical mapping: evaluation of a new system in a canine atrial linear lesion model.

Background— A canine right atrial (RA) linear lesion model was used to produce a complex pattern of RA activation to evaluate a novel mapping system for rapid, high resolution (HR) electroanatomical mapping. Methods and Results— The mapping system (Rhythmia Medical, Incorporated) uses an 8F deflectable catheter with a minibasket (1.8 cm diameter), containing 8 splines of 8 electrodes (total 64 electrodes, 2.5 mm spacing). The system automatically acquires electrograms and location information based on electrogram stability and respiration phase. In 10 anesthetized dogs, HR-RA map was obtained by maneuvering the minibasket catheter during sinus rhythm and coronary sinus pacing. A right thoracotomy was performed, and either 1 or 2 (to create a gap) epicardial linear lesions were created on the RA free wall (surgical incision or epicardial radiofrequency lesions). RA maps during RA pacing close to the linear lesions were obtained. A total of 73 maps were created, with 44 to 729 (median 237) beats and 833 to 12 412 (median 3589) electrograms (≤2 to ≤5 mm from surface geometry), resolution 1.8 to 5.3 (median 2.7) mm, and 2.6 to 26.3 (median 7.3) minutes mapping time. Without manual annotation, the system accurately created RA geometry and demonstrated RA activation, identifying the location of lines of block and presence or absence of a gap in all 10 dogs. Endocardial radiofrequency catheter ablation of a gap (guided by activation map) produced complete block across the gap in all 3 dogs tested. Conclusions— The new HR mapping system accurately and quickly identifies geometry and complex patterns of activation in the canine RA, with little or no manual annotation of activation time.
Ivan Illich and the Nemesis of Medicine

Ivan Illich, philosopher, historian, priest and social commentator died in Bremen, Germany on December 2, 2002. Illich was noted for his critique of the Church, education and medicine but his concepts dealt with more fundamental issues. This article reveals aspects of Illich, the man, and explores his ideas as they apply to the meaning of medicine and, in particular, the role of health care in contemporary society.
Superconducting single photon detector science and engineering

Single-photon detectors are an essential tool for a wide range of applications. Ideally, a single photon detector generates a measurable signal only when a single photon is absorbed. Since the first reported detection of a single photon using a superconducting nanowire in 2001, rapid progress has been made in the development and application of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors with ideal properties. I will briefly describe recent progress in detector development at NIST.
Indigenous Women of the Amazon Forest: The Woman Shaman of the Yawanawa Tribe

ABSTRACTAmong the most diverse and indigenous areas of the world is Latin America, specifically the Amazon river basin and its rain forests. Indigenous tribes and indigenous healing practices from these areas have recently gained more attention and popularity. However, less is known about experiences of tribal women related to indigenous practices, including the long-standing legacy of patriarchal and Christian colonization. This contribution offers the voice of one of the few known women-shamans in the area: Hushahu of the Yawanawa tribe. This first full public interview in a Western publication provides not only a perspective on indigenous healing, but also on experiences of indigenous tribal women in light of their history of colonization and oppression.
A New Species of Labeotropheus (Perciformes: Cichlidae) from Southern Lake Malaŵi, Africa

Labeotropheus is a genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malaŵi, Africa. Since its original description, surprisingly few additional species have been described, largely due to a misinterpretation of the historical taxonomic treatment of allopatric populations of Labeotropheus. Previously published evidence of genetic and morphological divergence among southern populations of Labeotropheus suggests that species diversity is underestimated. Morphometric, meristic, and color characteristics are employed to describe a new species of Labeotgropheus endemic to Mumbo Island and Thumbi West Island near the Nankumba Peninsula in southern Lake Malaŵi. The new species is distinguished from congeners by a wider body, longer pectoral fins, a shorter snout, and male nuptial coloration.
Synthesis, structure, and excited state kinetics of heteroleptic Cu(I) complexes with a new sterically demanding phenanthroline ligand

In this report we describe the synthesis of a new phenanthroline ligand, 2,9-di(2,4,6-tri-isopropyl-phenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline (bL2) and its use as the blocking ligand in the preparation of two new heteroleptic Cu(I)diimine complexes. Analysis of the CuHETPHEN single crystal structures shows a distinct distortion from an ideal tetrahedral geometry around the Cu(I) center, forced by the secondary phenanthroline ligand rotating to accommodate the isopropyl groups of bL2. The increased steric bulk of bL2 as compared to the more commonly used 2,9-dimesityl-1,10-phenanthroline blocking ligand prohibits intramolecular ligand–ligand interaction, which is unique among CuHETPHEN complexes. The ground state optical and redox properties of CuHETPHEN complexes are responsive to the substitution on the blocking ligand even though the differences in structure are far removed from the Cu(I) center. Transient optical spectroscopy was used to understand the excited state kinetics in both coordinating and non-coordinating solvents following visible excitation. Substitution of the blocking phenanthroline ligand has a significant impact on the 3MLCT decay and can be used to increase the excited state lifetime by 50%. Electronic structure calculations established relationships between ground and excited state properties, and general entatic state concepts are discussed for copper photosensitizers. This work contributes to the growing library of CuHETPHEN complexes and broadens the fundamental understanding of their ground and excited state properties.
Progress in solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power systems: System design and analysis, transient operation, controls and optimization

Abstract This paper presents a review of system design and analysis, and transient control and optimization of solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine (SOFC-GT) hybrid systems for different system configurations. The main feature of SOFC power systems is production of less harmful chemical and acoustic emissions at a higher efficiency compared to conventional power production technologies. Microturbines have been shown amenable to integration with a high temperature fuel cell due to the well-matched temperature and pressure characteristics of an SOFC and microturbine in a hybrid system. Different configurations of hybrid SOFC-GT systems are briefly discussed. The main focus of this paper is investigation of different control strategies and transient performance characteristics of hybrid SOFC-GT systems in the literature. Different control strategies including variable and fixed speed operation of shaft using PI control methods are discussed. Different types of bypass valves for hybrid system control such as recuperator bypass are used to control the inlet temperature of the air entering the stack. In addition, SOFC bypass valves are used to control the mass flow through the SOFC stack. Different control methods are described to avoid stall/surge in the compressor. The main components of a hybrid system and their effects on the system performance are thoroughly discussed. Impacts of heat exchangers on a hybrid system are also determined and pressure losses between the recuperator and combustor for three different conditions are evaluated. Effects of different system parameters such as Steam-to-Carbon ratio (S/C), fuel utilization and operating pressures on system performance are determined. Net efficiencies of different hybrid system configurations are compared. Other applications of a hybrid system such as those that include CO 2 capture and sequestration are investigated. Finally, system optimization and investigation of alternative fuels are discussed.
Program Development Issues in Nonprofit and Civil Society Studies: Learning from One University's Experience

AbstractThis article examines one university’s efforts to institutionalize a graduate nonprofit curriculum. It does so through the lens of situational analysis and with an eye to five key challenge...
A Case of Postganglionic Cholinergic Dysautonomia Improving with Bethanechol (P5.308)

Objective: To present a case of a 10 year old girl with subacute onset of postganglionic cholinergic dysautonomia (PCD) that improved with bethanechol, a muscarinic cholinergic agonist. Background: Postganglionic cholinergic dysautonomia is a very rare disorder that mainly affects children and young adults, occurring acutely or subacutely, presenting with mydriasis, atony of the bowel and bladder, and impaired secretion of tears, saliva, and sweat with preserved adrenergic functions. Design/Methods: Few case reports in the literature of patients with PCD revealed response to treatment with bethanechol, a cholinergic muscarinic agonist, used in adults for atonic bladder. The patient was administered a dose of 5 mgs via NG tube every 6 hours equivalent to 0.6 mg/kg/day, after failing a course of IV steroids followed by intravenous immunoglobulins. Patient was monitored in PICU for the first 24 hours. Results: Bethanecol was well tolerated without adverse reactions. Two days after starting treatment the patient showed signs of recovery of cholinergic function with gradual increase in production of tears and sweat, and improvement of urinary tract and gastrointestinal hypomotility symptoms evidenced by normalization of urinary voiding and bowel movement patterns. One week later the NG tube was discontinued and bladder scan did not show residual urine. Five months after onset of symptoms, spontaneous recovery was noted and the medication was discontinued. Conclusions: Postganglionic cholinergic dysautonomia is regarded as a postinfectious monophasic immune neuropathy, and initial treatment with IV steroids or intravenous immunoglobulin should be considered. These approaches were tried in our patient without improvement. Bethanechol chloride is a direct muscarinic M2/M3 agonist. It has been used for pre-and postganglionic cholinergic dysautonomia, resulting in improved tear production, salivation, sweating, gastrointestinal and bladder functions. Our findings demonstrate that an accurate clinical assessment and appropriate pharmacotherapeutic approach can improve the quality of life of patients with postganglionic cholinergic dysautonomia. Study Supported by: N/A Disclosure: Dr. Balgobin has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bello has nothing to disclose.
Susceptibilities of Pseudomonas Species to Tetracycline, Minocycline, Gentamicin, and Tobramycin

Members of the genus Pseudomonas are widely implicated in human disease. Although most isolates are P. aeruginosa , there have been serious outbreaks of infection with other members of the genus. The susceptibility patterns of SI Pseudomonas isolates are reported. It was notable that of the four antibiotics tested, uniform susceptibility was observed with minocycline.
Pathogenesis of metaphyseal radiolucent changes following ischemic necrosis of the capital femoral epiphysis in immature pigs. A preliminary report.

Background:Although metaphyseal radiolucent changes are often seen in patients with Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, the pathogenesis of these changes remains controversial. The purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence and histopathological characteristics of these metaphyseal radiolu
Complex Contact Manifolds

While the study of complex contact manifolds is almost as old as the modern theory of real contact manifolds, the subject has received much less attention, and since many examples are now appearing in the literature, we devote this and the next chapter to the subject.
Evaluation and Workup of Leptomeningeal Disease

Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) is a devastating complication of cancer and a challenge to treat. This chapter addresses the evaluation and workup of LMD. Since a timely diagnosis can make a difference in the patient’s function and quality of life, it is imperative to be aware of the clinical presentation and diagnostic evaluation of LMD as it is a disease that can easily be missed. Neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis are the main diagnostic methods. Neuroimaging is more sensitive, whereas CSF analysis is more specific and together can bridge the gap in the diagnosis of LMD.
Parental Depressive Symptoms and Parenting: Associations with Children's Coping in Families of Depressed Parents.

SYNOPSISObjective. This multi-method study examined parental depressive symptoms and levels of harsh/intrusive and warm/responsive parenting as correlates of secondary control coping (acceptance, c...
Promoting English Learners' Willingness to Communicate in Content-Area Classrooms.

There has been a major shift in the demographic landscape in US public schools within the last decade. The population of English learners (ELs) has increased rapidly. How to increase opportunities ...
The globalization of intercollegiate athletics: challenges, opportunities, and advice for those seeking to emulate the U.S. model of college sport.

This special issue targets an audience of scholars and practitioners across the globe to advance research, enhance practice, and facilitate policy-making decisions among those interested in emulati...