cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Role of ATP Hydrolysis in the Antirecombinase Function of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Srs2 Protein

Mutants of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae SRS2 gene are hyperrecombinogenic and sensitive to genotoxic agents, and they exhibit a synthetic lethality with mutations that compromise DNA repair or other chromosomal processes. In addition, srs2 mutants fail to adapt or recover from DNA damage checkpoint-imposed G2/M arrest. These phenotypic consequences of ablating SRS2 function are effectively overcome by deleting genes of the RAD52 epistasis group that promote homologous recombination, implicating an untimely recombination as the underlying cause of the srs2 mutant phenotypes. TheSRS2-encodedproteinhasasingle-stranded(ss)DNAdependent ATPase activity, a DNA helicase activity, and an ability to disassemble the Rad51-ssDNA nucleoprotein filament, which is the key catalytic intermediate in Rad51-mediated recombination reactions. To address the role of ATP hydrolysis in Srs2 protein function, we have constructed two mutant variants that are altered in the Walker type A sequence involved in the binding and hydrolysis of ATP. The srs2 K41A and srs2 K41R mutant proteins are both devoid of ATPase and helicase activities and the ability to displace Rad51 from ssDNA. Accordingly, yeast strains harboring these srs2 mutations are hyperrecombinogenic and sensitive to methylmethane sulfonate, and they become inviable upon introducing either the sgs1 or rad54 mutation. These results highlight the importance of the ATP hydrolysisfueled DNA motor activity in SRS2 functions.
Towards adaptive resource-driven routing

In pervasive computing environments, applications find themselves in constantly changing operating conditions. Such applications often need to discover locally available resources on-demand. Communication protocols have been developed that base discovery not on the unique address of the destination but on application-level characteristics of the destination host. Previous work has focused almost exclusively on purely on-demand protocols to achieve these resource connections. However, because the types of resources desired may be common across applications, the discovery and routing tasks can benefit from some degree of proactivity. In this paper, we describe our adaptive approach to incorporating resource advertisement in an application-driven routing protocol. We describe the adaptation mechanism in our protocol that allows the proactive component to dynamically tune its behavior to operating conditions.
Reconceptualizing and Operationalizing Context in Survey Research on Intimate Partner Violence

Survey research in the field of intimate partner violence is notably lacking in its attention to contextual factors. Early measures of intimate partner violence focused on simple counts of behaviors, yet attention to broader contextual factors remains limited. Contextual factors not only shape what behaviors are defined as intimate partner violence but also influence the ways women respond to victimization, the resources available to them, and the environments in which they cope with abuse. This article advances methods for reconceptualizing and operationalizing contextual factors salient to the measurement of intimate partner violence. The analytic focus of the discussion is on five dimensions of the social context: the situational context, the social construction of meaning by the survivor, cultural and historical contexts, and the context of systemic oppression. The authors consider how each dimension matters in the measurement of intimate partner violence and offer recommendations for systematically assessing these contextual factors in future research.
Spectral coherence and the concept of cross-spectral purity

A new measure of correlations in optical fields, introduced in recent investigations on radiometry with partially coherent sources, is studied and applied to the analysis of interference experiments. This measure, which we call the complex degree of spectral coherence, or the spectral correlation coefficient, characterizes the correlations that exist between the spectral components at a given frequency in the light oscillations at two points in a stationary optical field. A relation between this degree of correlation and the usual degree of coherence is obtained and the role that the complex degree of spectral coherence plays in the spectral structure of a two-beam interference pattern is examined. It is also shown that the complex degree of spectral coherence provides a clear insight into the physical significance of cross-spectral purity. When the optical field at two points is cross-spectrally pure, the absolute value of the complex degree of spectral coherence at these points is found to be the same for every frequency component of the light. This fact is reflected in the visibility of the spectral components of the interference fringes formed by light from these points.
Induction of betacyanin formation in cell cultures of Chenopodium album under UV-light irradiation

A cell culture of Chenopodium album was cultivated under different light conditions (UV, blue, white, red light, and darkness). Red-violet coloured betacyanincontaining cell groups were formed on the surface of the cell culture only under UV-light or UV-containing light qualities (blue and white), respectively. A direct correlation exists between UV-portions of different light qualities and the number of red-violet cell groups formed, whereas light conditions without UV-light do not induce betacyanin formation. Betacyanins formed under UV-light were degraded after transfer to red light and darkness. The phytohormone kinetin enhanced the betacyanin formation in white light, but was unable to induce betacyanins in darkness. The phytohormone 2,4-D totally inhibited the formation of betacyanins under all light conditions studied. All other investigated parameters of primary and secondary metabolism of the cells (protein content, respiration activity, concentration of carotenoids and flavonoids) only unspecifically increased in reaction to continuous UV-light irradiation. A selected yellow coloured cell strain autotroph to auxin was unable to form betacyanin under continuous UV-light irradiation and under increased kinetin concentration
An explanation for the worldwide anomaly in the concentration of ozone above 40 km

Abstract It is pointed out that the anomalous seasonal variation in the worldwide ozone concentration above 40 km deduced from Umkehr measurements is opposite to the seasonal variation in atmospheric turbidity. The maximum and minimum seasonal variation in turbidity is used to estimate a haze correction to an Umkehr observation. From a comparison of ozone concentration deduced from corrected and uncorrected Umkehrs it is noted that 1) increased turbidity reduces the ozone concentration at 45 km, and 2) the maximum seasonal change in turbidity can nearly, if not entirely, account for the maximum seasonal change (about 2 μmb) in ozone concentration at 45 km.
Servant Teaching: An Exploration of Teacher Servant Leadership on Student Outcomes

Servant leadership is an approach to leadership that embraces the opportunity for the leader to lead in service to the follower. This approach to leadership puts the goals, needs, and development of “followers” ahead of those of the leader. This approach to leadership applied to classroom contexts serves as a great opportunity to improve education by positively impacting student learning, development, and deepening the student-centeredness of instruction. This paper examines the veracity of a servant approach to teaching by exploring its impacts on student learning, engagement, and motivation.
The Principle of Inclusion and Exclusion

Let’s begin with some comments about Figure 2.1, which is on the next page. We are looking at properties of subsets A, B, C of some universal set that has t elements. The universal set in the figure is represented by the rectangles. For each set S, we let |S| denote the number of elements in S and say that |S| is the size of S. Looking at the top third of the figure, we see a trivial result that is tremendously important. Frequently it is much easier to count the elements in a set by first counting the elements not in the set. For example, counting the 5-letter words that have a vowel is very difficult without first counting the number of 5-letter words that have no vowel. The number of 5-letter words that have a vowel is 265 – 215.
On Revitalization of the Language and Culture of the Crimean Tatars and Other Formerly Deported People in Crimea, Ukraine: Assesment of Needs and Recommendations

This article focuses mainly on language and those aspects of culture that are directly related to its revitalization vis-a-vis Crimean Tatars; other aspects fall outside the immediate scope of this study. The article examines the needs of other FDPs in terms of linguistic and cultural revival. Recommendations to State authorities in Kiev, regional authorities in Crimea, FDPs themselves, and the international community, aimed at generating a new and improved framework for revitalizing language and culture more generally are proposed. Against the background of Crimean political landscape, this research employed multi-method data collection that drew on semi-structured, face-to-face in-depth interviews, participant observation,and content analysis of documents and Crimean newspapers. The data collection took place in 2012, summer.
Arbitrary Transformation of Antenna Radiation Using a Cylindrical Impedance Metasurface

In this letter, we show that a cylindrical, single-layer impedance metasurface enclosing a radiating source is capable of reshaping the electromagnetic field pattern at a predetermined radius outside of the metasurface. We first present the design procedure of a cylindrical impedance metasurface and then proceed to an example demonstrating the achievable pattern accuracy. Simulation results validate the design methodology and show that complete amplitude control can be achieved in the azimuthal direction for a vertically polarized source.
Dexmedetomidine sedation for laryngeal framework surgery.

Objectives: Sedation for laryngeal framework surgery has lacked easy modulation between appropriate pain control, airway protection, and the alertness appropriate for vocal testing. Our objective was to determine whether dexmedetomidine hydrochloride could safely and effectively be used as the sole intravenous anesthetic agent in conjunction with local anesthesia for laryngeal framework procedures. Methods: We undertook a prospective review of 14 patients who underwent laryngeal framework surgery with dexmedetomidine anesthesia in 2004 and 2005. All dexmedetomidine doses, sedation levels, and vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation level, were recorded every 15 minutes by the anesthesiologist throughout the duration of the procedures. Operative conditions were noted by the surgeon, focusing special attention on airway protection, patient arousability, and patient comfort. Results: Dexmedetomidine sedation produced hemodynamic and respiratory values that were maintained near preoperative values, and overall pharyngeal-laryngeal integrity provided superior operating conditions for the patient and the operating surgeon. Conclusions: We believe that dexmedetomidine provides excellent sedative and operative conditions for awake laryngeal framework procedures. Coupled with local anesthesia, dexmedetomidine produced virtually no undesirable hemodynamic or respiratory effects, while allowing for adequate sedation the majority of the time. The operative conditions were markedly improved over those of previous standard monitored anesthesia regimens.
906 EFFECT OF EARLY FEEDING ON PLASMA GLUCOSE IN SMALL-FOR-DATES (SGA) NEONATES

Recent evidence that fasting glucose homeostasis is limited in newborns by an impairment in gluconeogenesis suggests that the high incidence of hypoglycemia (hypogly) in SGA neonates may reflect the extent of fasting imposed on them by nursery feeding practice. To evaluate the effect of early feeding on plasma glucose (glu) levels, 18 healthy SGA infants ( 10%ile, 35-41 wk gest) were nipple-fed at 3 hour (hr) intervals starting within 2 hrs after delivery. Glu was measured before each feeding for the first 25 hrs of life. 11 healthy SGA infants in whom feedings were routinely withheld until 8 hrs of age served as controls. Mean (±SEM) glu prior to feed #1 was 59±7mg/dl and then ranged between 63±4 and 73±5mg/dl. None of the 143 glu values was < 35mg/dl. Only 3/18 (17%) early fed infants had a glu < 40mg/dl (all prior to feed #1) vs 8/11 (73%) control infants (p=.02). After the first feed, none of the early fed infants had a glu < 40mg/dl. These data indicate that glu is maintained in SGA infants at higher levels in response to early feedings. The current definition of hypogly in SGA infants (glu < 25mg/dl), based on surveys of glu when feedings were routinely withheld for 24-72 hrs after birth, may underestimate the level of glu which is physiologically normal for these infants. The present study suggests that it is reasonable to raise the level of glu used to define hypogly in SGA neonates to that used in older children (40mg/dl).
Virus-Induced Obesity in Humans: Recognizing that a particular adenovirus can cause obesity changes perceptions about this condition and strategies for dealing with it

In 1998, officials of the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a global epidemic of obesity, recognizing the steady rise in its prevalence in both developed and developing countries since about 1980. Obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI in kg/m2) value of at least 30, doubled among US adults from 1980 to 2000, and tripled in children in the United States and other countries, including England, China, Thailand, and Korea. In women, the prevalence of obesity in Albania, Jordan, Panama, Paraguay, and South Africa is equal to or greater than that in the United States. Although some experts point to increased food intake, including of fast foods, and decreased activity, these factors do not explain the rise of obesity in developing countries.
Adjoint and Truncation Error Based Adaptation for Finite Volume Schemes with Error Estimates

In addition to design, control, and optimization applications, adjoint methods can be used to provide discretization error estimation and solution adaptation for solution functionals. In this paper, adaptation based on estimates of truncation error is coupled with adjoint-based error estimation to provide improved estimates of discretization error in solution functionals. Comparisons between different types of adaptation indicators and error estimation techniques are made for the two-dimensional Euler equations.
An Advanced Particle-in-cell (PIC) Approach for Electrospray Simulation in a Colloid Thruster using Molecular Dynamics Simulation Results

In the present work, a parallel Particle-in-Cell (PIC) code is developed to simulate a plasma without the consideration of particle collisions. The PIC solver is based on Poisson’s equation and the assumption of no magnetic fields. The Poisson equation is discretized by the finite difference method and the corresponding linear equations are solved within the framework of PETSc. The PIC solver is used to carry out an electrospray simulation of a colloid thruster. Molecular dynamics simulation results of the EMIM + and BF 4 ionic liquid extrusion are used as an inlet source in the PIC simulations. Number density distributions of species, thrust and specific impulse are computed for the electrospray. Particle collisions will be considered in our future work for an accurate quantification of contamination, erosion and spacecraft charging.
An analysis of the food-borne Salmonella serotype distribution and drug sensitivity in Maoming in 2009

Objective:To analyze the food-borne Salmonella serotype distribution and drug sensitivity in Maoming,and provide scientific evidence for the prevention of food-borne illness caused by Salmonella.Methods:The serotyping and drug trials were tested in 27 strains of Salmonella Separated from food,cases of diarrhea and food poisoning.Results:27 strains of Salmonella belonged to 6 serogroups and 11 serotypes,S.derby was the main advantage occupying 29.63%,Followed by S.typhimurium and S.london occupying 14.81%;gatifloxacin and imine thienamycin(imipenem) 100% were sensitive,levrloxcin,penicillin/Tazo and ceftazidime's sensitive rates were 96.30%,sulfamethoxazole,ampicillin,amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and amikacin's resistance rate was 96.30%,92.59%,62.96% and 62.96%,Cefoxitin,etc.13 other antibiotics had different levels of resistance.Conclusion:S.derby,S.typhimurium and S.london are the main serotypes of food-borne Salmonella in Maoming;Gatifloxacin and iminethienamycin(imipenem) are the preferred treatment drugs.
Pulses from the multitude: virtuosity and black feminist discourse

Using a dialogic format this conversation between two authors uses political theorist Paolo Virno's conception of the “multitude” to examine and compare two different arenas of black feminist protest that took place on social media in the latter half of 2013. As a performative article, it offers historical and theoretical background to the terms “multitude,” “public intellect,” and “virtuosic labor” in racialized capitalist formations, situating them to provide an alternative to the power of the State – an alternative that unlike the State does not claim to confer rights. The article looks at the Facebook response to a call from the Crunk Feminist Collective to white feminists to speak out on the verdict exonerating Trayvon Martin’s killer and offer counter images to those that describe Martin's killing as justified. It then looks at the public dialogue around the applicability of the term “feminism” to Beyonce's self-titled “visual album.” Through aesthetic inquiry, the authors look at the form these exa...
Executive function influences sedentary behavior: A longitudinal study.

Background: No study has evaluated the effects of executive function on follow-up sedentary behavior, which was this study’s purpose. Methods: A longitudinal design was employed among 18 young adult college students (Mage = 23.7 years; 88.9% female). Accelerometer-determined sedentary behavior and physical activity, along with executive function, were assessed at baseline. Approximately 8 weeks later, re-assessment of accelerometer-determined sedentary behavior and physical activity occurred. Executive function was assessed using the Parametric Go/No-Go (PGNG) computer task. From this, 2 primary executive function outcome parameters were evaluated, including the Simple Rule and Repeating Rule. Results: After adjusting for baseline sedentary behavior, age, gender, body mass index and baseline moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), for every 25% increase in the number of correctly identified targets for the Repeating rule at the baseline assessment, participants engaged in 91.8 fewer minutes of sedentary behavior at the follow-up assessment (β = -91.8; 95% CI: -173.5, -10.0; P = 0.03). Results were unchanged when also adjusting for total baseline or follow-up physical activity. Conclusion: Greater executive function is associated with less follow-up sedentary behavior.
Thick-Shell CuInS2/ZnS Quantum Dots with Suppressed "Blinking" and Narrow Single-Particle Emission Line Widths

Quantum dots (QDs) of ternary I–III–VI2 compounds such as CuInS2 and CuInSe2 have been actively investigated as heavy-metal-free alternatives to cadmium- and lead-containing semiconductor nanomaterials. One serious limitation of these nanostructures, however, is a large photoluminescence (PL) line width (typically >300 meV), the origin of which is still not fully understood. It remains even unclear whether the observed broadening results from considerable sample heterogeneities (due, e.g., to size polydispersity) or is an unavoidable intrinsic property of individual QDs. Here, we answer this question by conducting single-particle measurements on a new type of CuInS2 (CIS) QDs with an especially thick ZnS shell. These QDs show a greatly enhanced photostability compared to core-only or thin-shell samples and, importantly, exhibit a strongly suppressed PL blinking at the single-dot level. Spectrally resolved measurements reveal that the single-dot, room-temperature PL line width is much narrower (down to ∼60...
Adverse events of cryopreserved hematopoietic stem cell infusions in adults: a single-center observational study

BACKGROUND Autologous hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation has been used for almost three decades for the management of malignant hematologic diseases and some solid tumors. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is used as a cryoprotective agent for hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) collected by apheresis (HPC-A). We evaluated the factors contributing to the occurrence of adverse events (AEs) of cryopreserved HPC-A infusion. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Between January 2009 and June 2014, a total of 1269 (1191 patients) consecutive HPC-A infusions were given to adult patients undergoing autologous HSC transplantation at Barnes-Jewish Hospital. Only infusions on the first day of transplant were included in the analysis. RESULTS AEs were reported in 480 (37.8%) infusions. The most common AEs were facial flushing in 189 (39.4%) infusions, nausea and/or vomiting in 183 (38.1%) infusions, hypoxia requiring oxygen in 139 (29%) infusions, and chest tightness in 80 (16.7%) infusions. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression showed that female sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.78; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.40-2.26; p < 0.0001), diagnosis other than multiple myeloma (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.12-1.84; p = 0.004), larger volume of infusion per body weight (OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.29-2.15; p < 0.0001), and number of granulocytes infused per body weight (OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.01-1.67; p = 0.042) were significant predictors of occurrence of AEs during infusion. CONCLUSION AEs due to HPC-A infusion occurred in more than one-third of patients. Interventions need to be instituted to reduce AEs and thus improve the safety of HPC-A infusion. Many of these toxicities can be attributed to DMSO, and this is reflected in the volume of infusion. It might be warranted to consider implementing DMSO-reducing protocols before infusion.
Gains from Foreign Direct Investment: Macro and Micro Approaches

This paper discusses the importance of an “integrated approach” to the study of the effects of FDI on host countries. Macro-level work that examines countries at different stages of development and institutional capacity is needed to surface the role of local conditions and absorptive capacities; micro-level work, that is firm-level data in developed as well as developing nations, to understand the mechanisms that impart substance to the anticipated benefits; and theoretical work to guide the analyses. The paper summarizes likely motives for foreign direct investment and potential effects of FDI on local economies as well as recent findings from the macro literature on the role of complementarities between FDI and local policies, conditions, and institutions and summarizes new efforts to understand the micro mechanisms and channels by which host countries can benefit from multinational activity, within and between firm productivity increases.
Equilibrium strategies for an OFDM network that might be under a jamming attack

Wireless networks are vulnerable to many malicious attacks, like active interference, due to the shared and open-access nature of the wireless medium. One difficulty in dealing with interference attacks is the lack of knowledge about whether the attack will be present or not. In this paper, we investigate how the lack of knowledge of whether jamming will or will not be used against an OFDM communication impacts the anti-jamming strategy one should use. Our model can be applied more generally to jamming attacks with a fixed frequency where, at each time slot, it is unknown whether the interference will be used or not. We have derived the equilibrium strategy in waterfilling form, and shown that the obtained solution includes as boundary cases two classical solutions in OFDM transmission for the case where there is no adversary, and the case where the adversary attacks with certainty. Uniqueness of the equilibrium strategies is proven, and an algorithm for finding the parameters of the waterfilling equations is developed. The efficiency of the algorithm is illustrated by numerical examples.
The applications of harmonic functions to robotics

Harmonic functions are solutions to Laplace's equation. Such functions can be used to advantage for potential-field path planning because they do not exhibit spurious local minima. Harmonic functions are shown here to have a number of properties that are essential to robotics applications. Paths derived from harmonic functions are generally smooth. Harmonic functions also offer a complete path-planning algorithm. We show how a harmonic function can be used as the basis for a reactive admittance control. Such schemes allow incremental updating of the environment model. Methods for computing harmonic functions respond well to sensed changes in the environment, and can be used for control while the environment model is being updated.
The Computational Algorithmic Thinking (CAT) Capability Flow: An Approach to Articulating CAT Capabilities over Time in African-American Middle-school Girls

Computational algorithmic thinking (CAT) is the ability to design, implement, and assess the implementation of algorithms to solve a range of problems. It involves identifying and understanding a problem, articulating an algorithm or set of algorithms in the form of a solution to the problem, implementing that solution in such a way that the solution solves the problem, and evaluating the solution based on some set of criteria. Supporting Computational Algorithmic Thinking (SCAT) is both a longitudinal between-subjects exploratory research project and a free enrichment program supporting and guiding African-American middle school girls over three years as they iteratively design a set of games for social change. This paper explores the CAT Capability Flow, which begins to describe the processes and sub-skills and capabilities involve in CAT. To do this, we engage in an approach which results in an initial flowchart that depicts the processes students are engaging in as an iteratively-refined articulation of the steps involved in computational algorithmic thinking.
The Development of Clinical Psychology, Social Work, and Psychiatric Nursing: 1900–1980s

Of all the health care specialties, the field of mental health is among the most interdisciplinary, both in intellectual and professional terms. The complex nature of mental disease, encompassing as it does biological, psychological, and social factors, necessarily invites a variety of etiological and therapeutic approaches. Moreover, the range of mental disorders now believed to benefit by treatment is extremely broad, ranging from the most severe psychoses to the less debilitating “problems of living.” To meet these diverse mental health needs, there has grown up a complex system of treatment, ranging from private practice to acute care hospitals, staffed by professional workers from varied disciplines. By the mid-1980s, there were almost 170,000 mental health professionals in the United States, 22% of whom were psychiatrists, 20% psychologists, 22% were psychiatric nurses, and 36% clinical social workers. By the late 1990s, available statistics suggest that of an estimated 245,000 professionals, 16% were psychiatrists, 32% were clinical psychologists, 13% were mental health nurses, and 39% were clinical social workers.1
Effects of a Nonionic Surfactant on Growth, Photosynthesis, and Transpiration of New Guinea Impatiens in the Greenhouse1

Abstract Production of quality greenhouse and nursery crops is dependent on high quality and quantities of water. At present, in some regions, insufficient water supply is a growing concern. This study was conducted to evaluate growth of New Guinea impatiens (Impatiens hawkerii 'Celebrate Salmon'), when watered with a polyoxyethylenesorbitan monolaurate (C58H114O26) solution commercially known as Tween 20, at differing irrigation levels compared with a conventional water regimen without the surfactant, and also to determine how Tween 20 would affect photosynthesis and transpiration. The treatment design was a 3 by 6 complete factorial design plus a control. The two factors were irrigation and Tween 20. Irrigation levels of 20%, 40%, or 60% of the full crop evapotranspiration (ET) requirements were used in combination with Tween 20 concentrations of either 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, or 125 mg·L−1 (0, 0.003338, 0.00668, 0.0100145, 0.01335, or 0.01669 oz per gallon). The control group was watered with tap water to ...
Curriculum ergonomics: Conceptualizing the interactions between curriculum design and use

Abstract We conceptualize curriculum ergonomics as a field that studies the interactions between users and curriculum materials. We identify five themes that a curriculum ergonomics lens brings into sharper focus: (1) teachers’ relationships with and capacity to use curriculum resources; (2) alignment between design intentions and patterns of curriculum use; (3) ways in which curriculum resources influence instruction; (4) ways in which curriculum features are purposefully designed to achieve an educative purpose; and (5) the dissolution of boundaries between design and use. We first summarize the literature in curriculum ergonomics and then show how key themes from that literature inform the discussion of curriculum ergonomics.
The Violence of Precarity and the Appeal of Routine in Jenny Erpenbeck’s Gehen, ging, gegangen

This article analyzes Jenny Erpenbeck’s Gehen, ging, gegangen as a story about the relationship between precarity and violence and the distinctive types of violence that mark the lives of war refug...
Teaching Blockchain for Business

Blockchain is a disruptive new opportunity for businesses to unlock value through trusted and “smart” peer-to-peer transactions, wherein smart means businesspeople can custom design processes for verification and transfer of assets. This paper presents a 7-scenario design for teaching blockchain technology to non-technical students. The design identifies key learning objectives as well as administrative and infrastructure component solutions that can be used by others seeking to teach such a course.
Correlation between textual similarity and quality of LDA topic model results

The LDA topic model describes a corpus on the basis of its vocabulary. Our experiment aims at determining whether LDA outputs’ quality can be estimated through text similarity metrics, and if so determining the most relevant one. To do so, we use a categorized corpus on which we apply these metrics on every pair of categories. We present correlation scores between several metrics and the quality of the topic model. The experiments also include a comparison between simple and complex term extraction within our framework. We observed very high correlations with the Hellinger distance with or without complex terms, while the Soergel distance is most efficient when including complex terms. These experiments are a case study on a categorised corpus of 20,000 article abstracts.
Low-Cost, Printed Circuit Board Construction, Capacitively Coupled Excitation System for Wound Field Synchronous Machines

Wound field synchronous machines (WFSMs) are an attractive alternative to permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) given their competitive power/torque density and the controllability advantages of a direct field handle. However, these benefits can be offset by the reliability issues of carbon brushes, or the added complexity of inductive brushless exciters or rotary transformers required for the rotating field winding. Here, the design process and experimental test results for a low cost contactless capacitive power coupler (CPC) for rotor winding excitation of a WFSM are presented, using only simple printed circuit boards (PCBs). The CPC system transfers 600 W at 93% efficiency to the rotor field of a 55 kW WFSM. CPC voltages remain in the hundreds of volts and passive component sizes are minimized by switching at 2 MHz with a GaN inverter. Parasitic loss minimization design rules for trace layout in the CPC PCB structure are established for high frequency operation. A buck converter integrated into the rotating rectifier matches the load impedance of the rotor to the CPC system. A phase locked loop (PLL) tracks the resonant tank frequency of the CPC, whose saliency is spatially tied to the rotation of the machine, creating a platform for speed and position self-sensing.
Orbital complications of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis in the pediatric population: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Abstract Objectives Assess characteristics and outcomes of orbital complications of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS) in the pediatric population and evaluate trends over time. Methods A literature search of pediatric orbital complications was performed in the following databases: Ovid MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Studies reporting data for at least 10 subjects with orbital complications of sinusitis under 18 years old were included. Studies were grouped by publication year; before 2010 and after and including 2010. Studies that only included patients with subperiosteal abscess (SPA) were grouped in a separate category. Data collected include demographics, Chandler class complications, intra-operative culture, treatment, and outcomes. Meta-analysis of proportion was performed to compare data from studies published before 2010 and data published in 2010 and after. Results Thirty-five studies met inclusion criteria. No significant difference was observed over time in gender of subjects in the all Chandler complications or SPA only groups (P > 0.72). The proportion of subjects presenting with Chandler IV complications decreased from 6.8% to 2.9% in recent studies (P = 0.019). The proportion of subjects treated surgically decreased from 45.2% to 21.7% in the all Chandler complications group (P Conclusion The demographics of pediatric patients treated for orbital complications of ABRS in published literature has been stable. Patients reported in more recently published studies are less likely to present with orbital abscess and more likely to receive conservative treatment. The proportion of positive Streptococcus pneumoniae cultures have decreased.
Automated Pupillometry as a Triage and Assessment Tool in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury.

Objective Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in young adults. Automated infrared pupillometry (AIP) has shown promising results in predicting neural damage in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and ischemic stroke. We aimed to explore potential uses of AIP in triaging patients with TBI. We hypothesized that a brain injury severe enough to require an intervention would show Neurologic Pupil Index (NPI) changes. Methods We conducted a prospective pilot study at a level-1 trauma center between November 2019 and February 2020. AIP readings of consecutive patients seen in the emergency department with blunt TBI and abnormal imaging findings on computed tomography were recorded by the assessing neurosurgery resident. The relationship between NPI and surgical intervention was studied. Results Thirty-six patients were enrolled, 9 of whom received an intervention. NPI was dichotomized into normal (≥3) versus abnormal ( Conclusions AIP could be useful in triaging comatose patients after blunt TBI. An NPI ≥3 may be reassuring in patients with no signs of mass effect or increased ICP.
Vaping in Schools: What do Teens Think?

Vaping in Schools: What do Teens Think? Simran Jutla MD, Passang Tsekey, Aviva Beleck, Allison Eliscu MD, Rachel Boykan MD Introduction: Electronic cigarette use is widespread in middle schools (MS) and high schools (HS) in the United States; 20% of adolescents have witnessed their peers vaping in school. Policies implemented by schools to reduce e-cigarette use include installation of vaping sensors or metal detectors, removal of bathroom doors, confiscation, suspension, and expulsion. However, the extent to which students consider these policies effective in decreasing the prevalence of e-cigarette use …
Treatment for Fecal Incontinence: Nonsurgical Approaches

Fecal incontinence is defined as greater than 1 month of uncontrolled passage of fecal material or gas in a person age 4 years or older, who previously achieved control. Treatment of fecal incontinence can be challenging and should be individualized. This chapter discusses the general approaches to the management of fecal incontinence with a focus on nonoperative management. More invasive approaches such as replacement, repair, augmentation, stimulation, and fecal diversion are outlined.
Memristive Device Variability Performance Impact on Neuromorphic Machine Learning Hardware

A vital issue regarding hardware implementations of machine learning algorithms with novel memristive devices is the concern of the proposed architecture's resilience to high device variability. We find that most algorithms have surprisingly high tolerance to variable weight updates and initializations. We also propose a simple method to validate Single Layer Perceptron (SLP) neuromorphic hardware based on memristive RRAM crossbar arrays by studying accuracy vs. training time. Finally, we show high level simulations of an RRAM cell with intermediate states, decay, and Gaussian variability.
The Effects of Wavelength on Visual Processing and Reading Performance in Normal and Disabled Readers

Publisher Summary This chapter describes the effects of wavelength on visual processing and reading performance in normal and disabled readers. Thirty-six subjects (18 normal readers and 18 disabled readers) participated in the study. Subjects read one story in each color condition, with the presentation order of the color conditions being counterbalanced across subjects. Percent correct on the reading comprehension questions and reading rate were the dependent measures. The chapter presents the percent correct on reading comprehension questions obtained with the different colored overlays and the different subject groups. The blue and grey overlays produced significant improvement in the reading comprehension of disabled readers compared to the clear overlay, while the red overlay produced a significant decrement in performance. Performance with the green overlay did not significantly differ from that with the clear overlay. Seventy-five percent of the disabled readers tested showed this pattern of results. Normal readers showed significant improvement with the blue overlay only and a significant decrement in performance with the red overlay. Reading rate increased with blue overlays as compared with the clear overlay in both normal and disabled readers.
REFORM AND RETALIATION: CORA DIEHL AND THE LOGAN COUNTY ELECTION OF 1891

This is an account of the election of the first woman in public office in the new Territory of Oklahoma. The Logan County elections of 1891 pitted the majority Republicans against a fusion of the minority Democratic and People's parties. Cora Diehl was the People's Party nominee for County Register of Deeds. Later she was endorsed by a fusion convention for that office. This fusion proved successful and Diehl was elected. But elements within her own party, as well as the Republicans, challenged her election-- a challenge that ultimately went to the Oklahoma Territorial Supreme Court which upheld Diehl's election. This article examines the elements that contributed to her defeat for re-election. Most significant of these was the adoption of the Australian ballot. The single ballot format, rather than the previously used partisan ballot, discouraged fusion. The new ballot had a specific impact on both Populist "mid-roaders" and on the expanding black voting population in Logan County. It is the assertion of this article that the Republican victory of 1892 was directly attributable to the antifusion nature of the Australian ballot and that the decline of the third party movement also resulted from the changed ballot format. As a result, women and blacks lost their political voice
Aggregation Bias: An Empirical Demonstration

In order to assess the extent of the bias that exists in ecological correlations census data from the Public Use Sample and Census Summary. Tapes for the Chicago Standard Consolidated Area were used and a comparison was made of correlation and regression coefficients at the individual versus tract level. The assumption of larger aggregate level coefficients was not consistently upheld Although it was most frequently the case that aggiegate coefficients were larger than individual level coefficients, at both the tract and county levels aggregate coefficients were observed that were smaller or identical to individual level coefficients An accept able two-variable aggregate regression equation was estimated for the prediction of current fertility at the tract level The equation was acceptable in the sense that the aggregate regression coefficients were relatively close to the individual level coefficients
Effect of incremental time experience on the results of in vitro fertilization with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)

Purpose: Our objective was to determine the effect of experience on the results with intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Methods: The quarterly outcome with both ICSI and traditionalin vitro fertilization (IVF) in 1994 was analyzed in 475 patients under age 40 undergoing 595 oocyte retrievals. The data represent 307 patients undergoing 379 retrievals for IVF and 165 patients undergoing 216 retrievals for ICSI. Results: Fertilization rates with ICSI improved significantly each quarter (52.96, 62.17, 70.17, and 74.87% in Q-I, Q-II, Q-III, and Q-IV, respectively), while the rate with IVF improved significantly between Q-I (69.9%) and Q-II (80.10%) and slightly but significantly between Q-II and Q-IV (82.88%). The implantation rate per embryo after ICSI improved significantly after Q-I (6.17%) compared to Q-II (10.70%) and Q-IV (12.14%). The pregnancy rate per transfer with ICSI increased steadily after Q-I (13.79, 21.88, 23.53, and 25.00% in Q-I through Q-IV), reaching statistical significance between Q-I and Q-III and between Q-I and Q-IV. Conclusions: Although acceptable results can be obtained with ICSI after a relatively short period of time, optimum results require substantial experience.
Positive regulation of pulmonary antioxidant enzyme gene expression by prenatal thyrotropin releasing hormone plus dexamethasone treatment in premature rats exposed to hyperoxia

ABSTRACT: Prenatal administration of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) plus dexamethasone (DEX) to pregnant rats produces significantly depressed fetal lung antioxidant enzyme (AOE) activities and AOE mRNA levels in late gestation. Because of this negative regulation of AOE gene expression in the late fetal lung, we hypothesized that hormonally pretreated prematurely delivered rats might demonstrate inferior tolerance to prolonged hyperoxia. Litters of prenatal TRH+DEX-treated and sham-treated prematurely delivered rat pups (gestational d 21 of 22) were randomized to either >95% O2 or room air for up to 14 d. The right lungs of 2- and 7-d exposure pups were assayed for AOE activities; the left lungs of the same pups were used to quantitate the concentrations of AOE mRNA by solution hybridization. The prenatal TRH+DEX-treated pups were able to induce adaptive lung AOE mRNA and activity responses to hyperoxia by 2 d of exposure; and by 7 d in O2 they showed greater increases in AOE mRNA concentrations and AOE activities in response to hyperoxic challenge compared with the sham-treated controls. Lung lipid surfactant measurements after hyperoxia were not affected by prenatal TRH+DEX treatment. In addition, TRH+DEX-pretreated premature rats did not show the hypothesized increased susceptibility to O2-induced lung damage and lethality, but, in fact, had slightly improved hyperoxic survival (d 3-7 of O2 exposure) compared with sham-treated controls. Exposure to hyperoxia significantly reduced serum triiodothyronine and thyroxine levels in the sham-control pups. These findings suggest that although TRH+DEX-pretreated premature rats have decreased lung AOE gene expression at the time of preterm delivery, subsequent hyperoxic exposure is able to convert AOE gene expression to positive regulation which results in more rapid and greater increases in protective AOE activity levels. This regulation is likely mediated differently for the individual AOE.
Estrogen Receptor α Influences Socially Motivated Behaviors

Male mice lacking estrogen receptor alpha (ERalphaKO) show reduced social behaviors. We hypothesized that this might be due to either socially elicited or generalized anxiety. Male ERalphaKOs and wild type (WT) mice were given a series of behavioral tests: elevated plus maze, T-maze, and social recognition. Each test included a social dimension by exposing males to ovariectomized (OVX) females. In addition plasma concentrations of corticosterone were measured, and open field activity was assessed. In the elevated plus maze, WT males exposed to an OVX female 1 min prior to the test were more anxious than WT controls. ERalphaKO males showed anxiety in this test whether or not they were preexposed to a female. In the T-maze, WT males increased exploration of a novel arm when it contained an OVX female. The presence or absence of a female in a novel arm did not affect behavior of ERalphaKO males. In social recognition tests, ERalphaKO males spent less time than WT littermates investigating an OVX female that was repeatedly introduced into their home cage. On the final trial, when a novel female was introduced, WT males increased their chemo-investigation but ERalphaKOs did not. Plasma corticosterone levels were lower in ERalphaKO than in WT males when plasma was taken directly after a brief (control) cage disturbance. In the open field WT and ERalphaKO males behaved essentially the same. Taken together, the results of these experiments suggest the ERalphaKO males avoid contact with other conspecifics, perhaps due to an inability to be aroused by social cues.
Dislocations of the sternoclavicular joint.

Dislocations of the sternoclavicular joint are uncommon, with the posterior variety having a potential for considerable morbidity. Radiologic management and diagnosis can be difficult. In this review article, the joint antomy and mechanisms of dislocation are discussed and the incidence and clinical manifestations described. Six case reports are presented to illustrate causative mechanisms, diagnoses, and radiologic appearances. Computed tomography is the best method of demonstrating the sternoclavicular joint, but a number of specialized plain film projections are also described and illustrated; these should be more widely known. Treatment of the joint dislocations is briefly discussed.