cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Identification, Recombinant Expression, and Biochemical Analysis of Putative Secondary Product Glucosyltransferases from Citrus paradisi

Flavonoid and limonoid glycosides influence taste properties as well as marketability of Citrus fruit and products, particularly grapefruit. In this work, nine grapefruit putative natural product glucosyltransferases (PGTs) were resolved by either using degenerate primers against the semiconserved PSPG box motif, SMART-RACE RT-PCR, and primer walking to full-length coding regions; screening a directionally cloned young grapefruit leaf EST library; designing primers against sequences from other Citrus species; or identifying PGTs from Citrus contigs in the harvEST database. The PGT proteins associated with the identified full-length coding regions were recombinantly expressed in Escherichia coli and/or Pichia pastoris and then tested for activity with a suite of substrates including flavonoid, simple phenolic, coumarin, and/or limonoid compounds. A number of these compounds were eliminated from the predicted and/or potential substrate pool for the identified PGTs. Enzyme activity was detected in some instances with quercetin and catechol glucosyltransferase activities having been identified.
Pragmatic Language Features of Mothers With the FMR1 Premutation Are Associated With the Language Outcomes of Adolescents and Young Adults With Fragile X Syndrome.

Purpose Pragmatic language difficulties have been documented as part of the FMR1 premutation phenotype, yet the interplay between these features in mothers and the language outcomes of their childr...
A framework for fully integrated building information models in a federated environment

We discuss the importance of the use of federated models in the AECO industry.We highlight shortcomings of the current IFC schema to deal with the federated models.We propose simple yet powerful modification to the IFC schema to support this.We introduced the concept of deferred reference and object snap in.We demonstrated the potential use of the concept for federated models and versioning. The nature of building projects necessitates building models to be designed by various parties representing disciplines in the Architecture, Engineering, Construction and Owner-operator (AECO) Industries. The federated model emerges as the most practical approach to deal with the various models, especially during design stage, construction coordination and beyond. One of the issues with the current approach is there is no real integration between the various models beyond their spatial co-location. This paper proposes a framework to enable fuller integration of otherwise disparate models into integrated models in the federated environment by enabling two critical concepts - deferred reference and an automatic object snap-in. The concepts are applied in a proposed change to an IFC schema and standardized procedure to enable the automatic snap-in mechanism. With these concepts, models could be designed and exported independently as valid, perhaps partial models and yet will remain integrated when they are inserted into the federated model. A prototype system has been developed to show the effectiveness of such integrated models.
Improving bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Purpose of review Summary estimates indicate that bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can improve the chances of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survival two-fold to three-fold. And yet, only a minority of arrest victims receive bystander CPR. This summary will review the challenges and approaches to achieve early and effective bystander CPR. Recent findings Given the host of barriers, a successful strategy to improve bystander CPR must enable more timely and comprehensive arrest identification, encourage and empower bystanders to act, and help assure effective CPR. Arrest identification can be simplified so that bystanders should start CPR when a person is unconscious and not breathing normally. Evidence from observational studies and interventional trials supports the effectiveness of chest compression-only CPR for bystanders. As a consequence, the emphasis of bystander CPR training has been modified to feature and assure chest compressions. Bystanders should initiate CPR with compressions and consider the addition of rescue breathing based on their CPR training and skills as well as special circumstances of the victim. Bystander CPR training has evolved to incorporate this emphasis. Although general community-level CPR training remains a cornerstone strategy, training directed to those most likely to witness an arrest also has a useful role. In particular, 'just-in-time' dispatcher-assisted CPR instruction can increase bystander CPR and improve the likelihood of survival. Summary Recent developments in bystander CPR have simplified arrest recognition and improved CPR training, while retaining CPR effectiveness. The goal of these developments is to increase and improve bystander CPR and in turn improve resuscitation.
Comparison of Prestorage Heat Treatments on Fifth-Instar Codling Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Mortality

The use of combined treatments of heat application followed by cold storage was shown to have potential as a quarantine treatment for 5th instars of codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.). Larvae were subjected to heat treatments of 38, 42, and 46°C for up to 4 d, 24 h, and 12 h, respectively, alone or followed by cold storage at 0°C for 28 d. Larvae appeared to acclimate to the 38°C treatment. The 42 and 46°C treatments resulted in an increased mortality with increasing temperature and duration of heat treatment. Mortality was greatly increased for all heat treatments when followed by cold storage. Complete mortality was achieved only after exposure to 46°C for 8 h followed by 28 d of cold storage. Combinations of hot and cold treatments could be effective in fruit that tolerate short periods of heat stress and prolonged cold storage, such as apples and pears.
258 UTILITY OF EQUILIBRIUM RADIONUCLIDE ANGIOGRAMS TO GUIDE CORONARY SINUS LEAD PLACEMENT IN HEART FAILURE PATIENTS REQUIRING CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY.

Background In heart failure patients requiring cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), there is no reliable method to determine the optimal site to place the coronary sinus (CS) lead. The equilibrium radionuclide angiogram (ERNA) provides an assessment of left ventricular function and the location of dyssynchrony. We compared using the findings from ERNA to guide CS lead placement with the traditional method of placing the CS lead in a lateral CS branch to determine whether ERNA-guided placement improved response to CRT. Methods We obtained ERNA studies on 14 patients with NYHA Class III and IV heart failure referred for CRT device implantation or upgrade from a right-ventricular device. Each pixel of an ERNA is defined by its phase (o) and amplitude (Amp), which together define its vector; the Amp gives the vector9s length. The vector sum of all Amps, based on the angular distribution of o, divided by the scalar sum of the length of all the vectors defines a new parameter, synchrony (S). With complete synchrony, S = 1, and with complete dyssynchrony, S = 0. Using ERNA studies obtained before and after CRT, we evaluated S, ejection fraction (EF), and NYHA Class at both times. Results 3 out of 6 patients who underwent traditional CS lead placement did not show any improvement in NYHA class (50%). 7 of the 8 patients who had ERNA-guided CS lead placement had an improvement in NYHA class (88%). More patients in the ERNA-guided group had clinical improvement as compared to the traditional group (p = .02 by chi-square analysis). One patient in the ERNA-guided group did not benefit since the location where the CS lead had been placed showed nonviable tissue by a subsequent PET scan. The degree of change in S also significantly predicted the clinical response to CRT. Conclusions In heart failure patients requiring CRT, ERNA is a novel method that can be used to assess dyssynchrony and guide CS lead placement. The use of this method resulted in significant improvements in NYHA class and S but not in EF. Given these findings, this is a novel technique that warrants further study.
Telomerase activity in microdissected human gliomas

Future improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of human gliomas might rely on obtaining more specific information concerning the biologic characteristics of individual tumor cells. Telomerase, a ribonucleoprotein that synthesizes telomeres, has been reported to be expressed in a majority of human tumors, including several subtypes of brain tumor. We hypothesized that a quantitative assay for telomerase activity, combined with selective microdissection of tumor or normal brain cells, might reveal telomerase gain-of-function to be important in the pathogenesis of gliomas and that telomerase levels might have prognostic significance. We used tissue microdissection for selective analysis of tumor cells obtained from eight patients with glioma, one with a meningioma, and one with a primary B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system. Normal brain tissue microdissected from another patient was used as a control. Telomerase activity was screened by an electrophoretic method and then assayed by a quantitative ELISA method. All of the eight gliomas had positive telomerase activity, as did the lymphoma. The meningioma and normal brain were negative. Quantitative analysis of telomerase activity did not correlate with tumor grade nor predict outcome. Selective tissue microdissection, combined with qualitative and quantitative telomerase assays, permits rapid and reliable detection of telomerase activity in diverse brain tumor tissues. These preliminary findings suggest that telomerase reactivation is a frequent event in glioma tumorigenesis that can be sensitively and specifically detected in gliomas of all histologic grades. Furthermore, specific detection of telomerase reactivation represents another mechanism by which tumor formation and progression might become the target of novel therapeutics.
Discoveries and Dilemmas Concerning Cytokinin Metabolism.

Natural cytokinin compounds that function as plant hormones are adenine molecules connected to an N 6 side chain. Metabolic pathways produce various structural modifications to the adenine moiety and/or the side chain that affect cytokinin function, activity, stability, and transport in plants. This review focuses on recent research that is elucidating the genes and biochemical pathways involved in cytokinin conjugation, deconjugation, and interconversion. One area of new discovery concerns the process of O-glucoside conjugate formation. Genes have been identified for O-glucosyltransferase enzymes in Phaseolus (ZOG1 and ZOX1) and maize (cisZOG1) and have been used to study enzyme activity, structure, and function in plant development. New information about the genetic basis of the adenine salvage pathway and its relationship to cytokinin interconversion and regulation has also become available. However, various dilemmas about cytokinin metabolism remain and need to be resolved using a combination of research approaches.
AARC Standards for Multicultural Research

The impetus for creating the Standards for Multicultural Research is based upon the idea that multicultural competence continues to evolve as research and evidence-based practices inform the profession of counseling. These standards aim to address research that focuses on multiculturalism as well as general multicultural considerations in research. The goal is to promote cultural intentionality, inclusion, and responsiveness. As such, the development of these standards is an attempt to address the potential obstacles, challenges, and rewarding aspects of developing and producing research that is multiculturally competent.
Diffraction Studies of Langmuir Films

Insoluble organic molecules that are amphiphilic, i.e. with both hydrophobic and hydrophilic sections, can usually be spread on the surface of water to form monomolecular films. Although these films have been known for thousands of years, Irving Langmuir’s name is now attached to them in recognition of a vital contribution [1]: he found in 1917 that the two-dimensional pressure (π) vs. specific area (A) curves for these films had apparent discontinuities suggesting the existence of multiple monolayer phases. Such studies are now easily performed using commercial apparatus, and π-A data for thousands of materials exist in the literature, along with structural speculations based on this indirect and ambiguous evidence. Unfortunately, the films have proved relatively inaccessible to many of the usual condensed-matter probes; in particular, until very recently [2, 3] there had been no direct structural information (i.e. no diffraction data). In this report, we summarize the results to date of our diffraction studies of mono layers of three ‘simple’ compounds: lead octadecanoate (stearate), tetracosanoic acid, and 1-eicosanol.
Unusual Fe–H bonding associated with oxygen vacancies at the (001) surface of Fe 3 O 4

Abstract An unusual Fe-H bonding rather than conventional OH bonding is identified at Fe3O4 (001) surface. This abnormal behavior is associated with the oxygen vacancies which exist on the surface region but also penetrate deep into the bulk Fe3O4. In contrast, OH bonding becomes preferential as generally expected on an ozone processed surface, which has appreciably less oxygen vacancies. Such bonding site selective behavior, depending on oxygen vacancy concentrations, is further confirmed with DFT calculations. The results demonstrate an opportunity for tuning the chemical properties of oxide surfaces or oxide clusters.
Structural Online Learning

We study the problem of learning ensembles in the online setting, when the hypotheses are selected out of a base family that may be a union of possibly very complex sub-families. We prove new theoretical guarantees for the online learning of such ensembles in terms of the sequential Rademacher complexities of these sub-families. We also describe an algorithm that benefits from such guarantees. We further extend our framework by proving new structural estimation error guarantees for ensembles in the batch setting through a new data-dependent online-to-batch conversion technique, thereby also devising an effective algorithm for the batch setting which does not require the estimation of the Rademacher complexities of base sub-families.
Silicon photonic slot guides for nonlinear optics

The ultimate goal of nonlinear optics has been all-optical systems in which processing (logic) functions work in tandem with interconnections to carry out processing without electrical conversion. Laser-based nonlinear optics was already demonstrated in the 1961 [1], only months after the 1960 demonstration of the ruby laser [2]. Nonlinear optics has a rich history extending to the present. The reality of nonlinear optics is that electronic based nonlinearities are fast (subpicosecond) but require large electromagnetic fields. Plasmonics and strongly guiding optics (in the present case, silicon photonics) promise nanometric confinement and even guidance of intense optical fields over significant (many wavelength) distances. The optical field enhancement that can be obtained by strong guidance can be sufficient to achieve the magnitudes necessary for nonlinear optics with compact (chip-level) sources.
Dietary phosphate supplement does not rescue skeletal phenotype in a mouse model for craniometaphyseal dysplasia.

Mutations in the human progressive ankylosis gene (ANKH; Mus musculus ortholog Ank) have been identified as cause for craniometaphyseal dysplasia (CMD), characterized by progressive thickening of craniofacial bones and flared metaphyses of long bones. We previously reported a knock-in (KI) mouse model (Ank KI/KI) for CMD and showed transiently lower serum phosphate (Pi) as well as significantly higher mRNA levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (Fgf23) in Ank KI/KI mice. FGF23 is secreted by bone and acts in kidney to promote Pi wasting which leads to lower serum Pi levels. Here, we examined whether increasing the Pi level can partially rescue the CMD-like skeletal phenotype by feeding Ank +/+ and Ank KI/KI mice with high Pi (1.7 %) diet from birth for 6 weeks. We studied the Pi metabolism in Ank KI/KI mice and CMD patients by examining the Pi regulators FGF23 and parathyroid hormone (PTH). High Pi diet did not correct CMD-like features, including massive jawbone, increased endosteal and periosteal perimeters and extensive trabeculation of femurs in Ank KI/KI mice shown by computed microtomography (μCT). This unexpected negative result is, however, consistent with normal serum/plasma levels of the intact/active form of FGF23 and PTH in Ank KI/KI mice and in CMD patients. In addition, FGF23 protein expression was unexpectedly normal in Ank KI/KI femoral cortical bone as shown by immunohistochemistry despite increased mRNA levels for Fgf23. Renal expression of genes involved in the FGF23 bone-kidney axis, including mFgfr1, mKlotho, mNpt2a, mCyp24a1 and m1αOHase, were comparable between Ank +/+ and Ank KI/KI mice as shown by quantitative real-time PCR. Different from normal FGF23 and PTH, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was significantly lower in Ank KI/KI mice and vitamin D insufficiency was found in four out of seven CMD patients. Our data suggests that FGF23 signaling and Pi metabolism are not significantly affected in CMD and transiently low Pi level is not a major contributor to CMD.
Sociological Theory: The Group Sells

The role of functionalism in sociological theory is considered. Functionalism is defined and different kinds of functionalism are considered. This leads to a discussion of grid-group theory, which asserts there are four and only four lifestyles in modern society and these lifestyles shape our consumption preferences. The four lifestyles are hierarchical elitists, competitive individualists, egalitarians, and fatalists, all of which are in conflict with one another. An article by Mary Douglas, who invented grid-group theory, on shopping is discussed. She asserts that lifestyle choice, not personal taste, shapes consumption preferences. A chart is offered that shows suggested popular culture preferences of members of each lifestyle. The VALS (Values and Lifestyles) typology and the Claritas/Nielsen typology are described. It is suggested by marketers that the more advertisers know about their target audiences, the better job they can do in reaching them and persuading them to purchase a product or service.
The activity, safety, and evolving role of brigatinib in patients with ALK -rearranged non-small cell lung cancers.

Brigatinib (AP26113) is a dimethylphosphine oxide group-containing tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) constructed around a bisanilinopyrimidine scaffold with potent activity against the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and several other targets. Despite the activity of first- and second-generation ALK inhibitors in advanced ALK-rearranged lung cancers, the development of acquired resistance represents an ongoing challenge. Later generation ALK inhibitors such as brigatinib are important potential tools in the management of patients with acquired resistance characterized by continued dependency on ALK. Brigatinib is active in vitro against many ALK kinase domain mutations that may mediate acquired resistance to other ALK TKIs, with reported activity (IC50 <50 nM) against ALK C1156Y, I1171S/T, V1180L, L1196M, L1152R/P, E1210K, and G1269A. In patients with ALK-rearranged lung cancers who receive brigatinib after crizotinib, substantial and durable responses and intracranial disease control can be achieved based on early-phase clinical trial data. The drug is also being explored in TKI-naive patients. From a safety perspective, early pulmonary toxicity has been observed, prompting the decision to pursue lead-in dosing for the drug. Early data point to ALK G1202R and ALK E1210K as potential mechanisms of clinical resistance to brigatinib.
The Long Life of Nancy Fraser’s “Rethinking the Public Sphere”

Nancy Fraser’s path-breaking “Rethinking the Public Sphere” brought the term “subaltern counterpublics” into critical theoretical discourse. Four innovative directions developed in that essay have now become established in the discourse of deliberative democracy: (1) a focus on inequalities in deliberation; (2) a move, in understanding the public sphere, from Habermas’s unitary conception to Fraser’s plurality of contesting publics; (3) a move to include self-interest in deliberation, when self-interest is constrained by fairness and rights; (4) a move away from a sharp separation between civil society and state to considering these spheres interpenetrating and both subject to democratic norms. Fraser’s early insights continue to illuminate each development.
Systems analysis and optimization of local water supplies in Los Angeles

AbstractLos Angeles, which relies on large infrastructure systems that import water over hundreds of miles, faces a future of reduced imports. Within Los Angeles and its hundreds of water agencies,...
Relative Validity of Nutrient Intakes Assessed by Questionnaire, 24-Hour Recalls, and Diet Records as Compared With Urinary Recovery and Plasma Concentration Biomarkers: Findings for Women

We evaluated the performance of a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ), the Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Recall (ASA24), and 7-day dietary records (7DDRs), in comparison with biomarkers, in the estimation of nutrient intakes among 627 women in the Women's Lifestyle Validation Study (United States, 2010-2012). Two paper SFFQs, 1 Web-based SFFQ, 4 ASA24s (beta version), 2 7DDRs, 4 24-hour urine samples, 1 doubly labeled water measurement (repeated among 76 participants), and 2 fasting blood samples were collected over a 15-month period. The dietary variables evaluated were energy, energy-adjusted intakes of protein, sodium, potassium, and specific fatty acids, carotenoids, α-tocopherol, retinol, and folate. In general, relative to biomarkers, averaged ASA24s had lower validity than the SFFQ completed at the end of the data-collection year (SFFQ2); SFFQ2 had slightly lower validity than 1 7DDR; the averaged SFFQs had validity similar to that of 1 7DDR; and the averaged 7DDRs had the highest validity. The deattenuated correlation of energy-adjusted protein intake assessed by SFFQ2 with its biomarker was 0.46, similar to its correlation with 7DDRs (deattenuated r = 0.54). These data indicate that the SFFQ2 provides reasonably valid measurements of energy-adjusted intake for most of the nutrients assessed in our study, consistent with earlier conclusions derived using 7DDRs as the comparison method. The ASA24 needs further evaluation for use in large population studies, but an average of 3 days of measurement will not be sufficient for some important nutrients.
SWIR reflectance imaging of demineralization on the occlusal surfaces of teeth beyond 1700 nm

Most new lesions are found in the pits and fissures of the occlusal surface. Radiographs have extremely low sensitivity for early occlusal decay and by the time the lesion is severe enough on a radiograph it typically has penetrated well into the dentin and surgical intervention is required. The occlusal surfaces are heavily stained and visual and tactile methods for their detection also have poor sensitivity and specificity. Previous studies at wavelengths beyond 1300-nm have demonstrated that stains are not visible and demineralization on the occlusal surfaces can be viewed without interference from stains. New extended range InGaAs near-IR cameras allow access to wavelengths beyond 1700-nm. The objective of this study was to determine how the contrast of occlusal lesions varies with wavelength from the visible to 2350-nm. The lesion contrast was measured in 55 extracted teeth with suspected occlusal lesions using reflectance measurements from 400-2350-nm using Si and InGaAs imaging arrays. The highest lesion contrast in reflectance was measured at wavelengths greater than 1700-nm. Stains interfered significantly at wavelengths shorter than 1150-nm. This study indicates that the optimum wavelengths for reflectance imaging decay in the occlusal surfaces are greater than 1700-nm.
Reproducing economic inequality: Longitudinal relations of self-control, social support, and maternal education

Abstract Self-control in adolescence may be related to the development of economic capital in the transition to adulthood. Drawing on longitudinal data from the Project for Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (n = 669; 46.5% Hispanic; 51.4% female; Mage = 15.16 years), this study examined whether this relation was mediated by support from family and friends and moderated by maternal education levels. Non-invariant structural equation models suggested differing processes in the reproduction of economic inequality across generations. Among the lower maternal education group, self-control in adolescence and support from friends positively related to later income. Family support negatively related to income. Among the higher maternal education group, self-control in adolescence was only related to support from friends during young adulthood. Findings show one process through which initial positions within the social system inform young adults' development of economic capital, leading to the reproduction of economic inequality.
Automated, strain-based, output-only bridge damage detection

This paper presents a framework for automated damage detection using a continuous stream of structural health monitoring data. The study utilized measured strains from an optimized sensor set deployed on a double track, steel, railway, truss bridge. Stringer–floor beam connection deterioration, a common deficiency, was the focus of this study; however, the proposed methodology could be used to assess the condition of a wide range of structural elements and details. The framework utilized Proper Orthogonal Modes (POMs) as damage features and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) as an automated approach to infer damage location and intensity from the POMs. POM variations, which are traditionally input (load) dependent, were ultimately utilized as damage indicators. Input variability necessitated implementing ANNs to help decouple POM changes due to load variations from those caused by deficiencies, changes that would render the proposed framework input independent, a significant advancement. To develop an automated and efficient output-only damage detection framework, data cleansing and preparation were conducted prior to ANN training. Damage “scenarios” were artificially introduced into select output (strain) datasets recorded while monitoring train passes across the selected bridge. This information, in turn, was used to train ANNs using MATLABs Neural Net Toolbox. Trained ANNs were tested against monitored loading events and artificial damage scenarios. Applicability of the proposed, output-only framework was investigated via studies of the bridge under operational conditions. To account for the effects of potential deficiencies at the stringer–floor beam connections, measured signal amplitudes were artificially decreased at select locations. It was concluded that the proposed framework could successfully detect artificial deficiencies imposed on measured signals under operational conditions.
Prospective evaluation of a novel silicone corneal shield after PRK: 6-month efficacy, safety, and predictability outcomes

Purpose The aim of this study was to report the 1-week and 6-month refractive outcomes of eyes treated with a novel silicone corneal shield designed to improve visual recovery after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). Patients and methods This prospective, observational clinical trial recruited 45 myopic eyes with or without astigmatism at a university eye clinic to undergo wavefront-guided PRK followed by application of an investigational silicone corneal shield that was removed on postoperative day 4. The primary outcome measures were efficacy, predictability, and safety at the 6-month visit. The secondary end points included short-term uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and pain. Results No adverse outcomes occurred using the device. At 6 months, 79.5% of eyes achieved UDVA >20/20, 94.9% achieved ≥20/25, and 97.4% achieved ≥20/40. Also, 2.6% lost one line of corrected distance visual acuity and none lost two lines; 71.8% and 97.4% measured within ±0.25 and ±0.50 D of emmetropia, respectively. During the first week, preoperative UDVA improved from 1.34 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR; 20/30) on postoperative day 1 (P 0.05). After removal of the shield on day 4, UDVA declined by two lines before rebounding to 0.16 logMAR (>20/30) on day 7 (both P<0.001). Subjective metrics of pain all peaked between days 2 and 3 before declining. Conclusion The investigational silicone corneal shield is safe and effective when used after PRK and may aid early visual recovery and patient comfort, but comparative studies are needed to validate these preliminary findings. Precis One-week and 6-month refractive outcomes of a novel silicone corneal shield used after PRK show that the device is not only safe and effective but may also speed visual recovery.
Thrombotic events with proliferation signal inhibitor‒based immunosuppression in cardiac transplantation.

BACKGROUND Some literature exists potentially linking proliferation signal inhibitors (PSIs) to venous thromboembolism (VTE). We sought to determine the impact of PSIs on development of VTE in heart transplant (HT) patients while controlling for other risk factors. METHODS The incidence and predisposing factors of VTE were analyzed in this retrospective review of patients >18 years who underwent HT January 2000 to October 2016. Re-transplants, multiorgan transplants, or patients that expired within 30 days post-HT were excluded. VTE incidence rates are reported as number of events per 100 person-years. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the relationship between PSI exposure (time-varying covariate) and VTE. RESULTS Of 561 HT recipients, 112 received PSIs, started a median of 1.5 years post-HT. There were 102 total VTE events: 78 in PSI-naive patients during 2,547 patient-years (3.0 events per 100 person-years) vs 24 in PSI-exposed patients during 544 patient-years (4.4 events per 100 person-years). Cox proportional hazards models with PSI exposure as a time-varying covariate indicated the increased risk was statistically significant (unadjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.31 to 3.49, p = 0.002). A VTE history was significantly associated with increased risk of VTE post-HT (HR 1.58, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.35, p = 0.022); however, the risk remained significant when adjusting for potential confounders, including previous VTE (HR 2.0, 95% CI 1.18 to 3.38, p = 0.010). CONCLUSIONS Exposure to PSIs is associated with a significant increase in risk for VTE even when controlling for other risk factors. When considering the use of PSI-based immunosuppression after HT, the risk of VTE over time should be weighed against the potential benefit.
School Counselors’ Attitudes Toward Evidence-Based Practices:

The use of evidence-based practices (EBPs) is growing among school counselors. However, little is known about school counselors’ attitudes toward EBPs and related factors. We investigated the relat...
Panniculectomy at the time of living donor renal transplantation: An 8-year experience.

Panniculectomy can be performed as a prophylactic procedure preceding transplantation to enable obese patients to meet criteria for renal transplantation. No literature exists on combined renal transplant and panniculectomy surgery (LRT-PAN). We describe our 8-year experience performing LRT-PAN. A retrospective chart review of all patients who had undergone LRT-PAN from 2010 to 2018 was conducted. Data were collected on patient demographics, allograft survival and function, and postoperative course. Fifty-eight patients underwent LRT-PAN. All grafts survived, with acceptable function at 1 year. Median length of stay was 4 days with a mean operative duration of 363 minutes. The wound complication rate was 24%. Ninety-day readmission rate was 52%, with medical causes as the most common reason for readmission (45%), followed by wound (32%) and graft-related complications (23%). Body mass index, diabetes status, and previous immunosuppression did not influence wound complication rate or readmission (P = .7720, P = .0818, and P = .4830, respectively). Combining living donor renal transplant and panniculectomy using a multidisciplinary team may improve access to transplantation, particularly for the obese and postobese population. This combined approach yielded shorter-than-expected hospital stays and similar wound complication rates, and thus should be considered for patients in whom transplantation might otherwise be withheld on the basis of obesity.
Enhancement of Practice by Clinical Research

Expert clinicians’ diagnostic and other expertise – the ersatz knowledge this represents – derives, even at present, largely from their personal, extrascientific experiences with patient care. Their expertise is not particularly enhanced by evidence from such scientific experiences as now are being reported – whether concerning a diagnostic test’s ‘sensitivity’ and ‘specificity,’ or the ‘hazard ratio’ as a characterization of an intervention’s effect. Increasingly, however, experts’ personal experiences now need to be supplemented by evidence from scientific experience of the appropriate form, thus allowing the expert systems to become the basis for increasingly scientific medicine.
Chemical Mapping of Unstained DNA Origami Using STEM/EDS and Graphene Supports

We demonstrate that unstained DNA nanostructures can be chemically mapped by using aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Key to this measurement is the use of graphene supports whose reduced background scattering compared to thicker carbon supports allows EDS to image phosphorus and other elements in the DNA (or in attachments to the DNA) as well as to see the divalent cations used to stabilize the nanostructure. In addition, unlike in other EDS analyses, the chemical maps we obtain can be made quantitative in an absolute sense because each individual DNA nanostructure is in effect a very large macromolecule (∼4.7 MDa) with a known chemical composition. In this way, not only can STEM/EDS serve DNA nanotechnology as a characterization tool but also the DNA structures can function as molecular standards for improving mesoscale EDS techniques.
A Collaborative Self-Study with Critical Friends: Culturally Proactive Pedagogies in Literacy Methods Courses.

In this collaborative self-study, teacher educators/researchers in four different geographic, social, and cultural institutions of higher education implemented Culturally Proactive Pedagogy (CPP) l...
U-Net based Active Learning Framework for Enhancing Cancer Immunotherapy

Deep learning algorithms using convolutional neural networks to segment images have achieved considerable success in recent years and have continued to assist to explore the quantitative measurement of cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment. However, detecting cancerous regions in whole-slide images has been challenging as it required substantial annotation and training efforts from clinicians and biologists. This challenge was overcome by implementing active learning which is a notable instructing process that requires students' feedback to partake in the learning cycle effectively. This research adopted the active learning concept by utilizing semantic segmentation deep convolutional neural network model called U-Net which would be further integrated with active learning framework to improve the annotation and training procedure in a feedback learning process. This reduced the amount of time and effort required to analyze the whole slide images. As an active learning strategy, a low-confidence sample selection algorithm was used to improve the learning process. This system selected highly uncertain samples iteratively to strategically supply whole slide images to the training process. The performance results of the proposed approach indicated that the U-Net-based active learning framework has promising outcomes in the feedback learning process.
Variable-sized blocks for locality-aware SpMV

Blocking is an important optimization option available to mitigate the data movement overhead and improve the temporal locality in SpMV, a sparse BLAS kernel with irregular memory reference pattern. In this work, we propose an analytical model to determine the effective block size for highly irregular sparse matrices by factoring the distribution of non-zeros in the sparse dataset. As a result, the blocks generated by our scheme are variable-sized as opposed to constant-sized in most existing SpMV algorithms. We demonstrate our blocking scheme using Compressed Vector Blocks (CVB), a new column-based blocked data format, on Intel Xeon Skylake-X multicore processor. We evaluated the performance of CVB-based SpMV with variable-sized blocks using extensive set of matrices from Stanford Network Analysis Platform (SNAP). Our evaluation shows a speedup of up to 2.62X (with an average of 1.73X) and 2.02X (with an average of 1.18X) over the highly vendor tuned SpMV implementation in Intel's Math Kernel Library (MKL) on single and multiple Intel Xeon cores respectively.
Atypical Meningioma of the Sinonasal Tract.

This case report describes a patient with intellectual disability who presented with a neglected midline nasal mass eroding the anterior skull base, which was found to be a Grade II meningioma likely of the olfactory bulb. Points of interest include differential diagnosis of this atypical mass of the sinonasal tract, as well as decision-making in balancing appropriate management and quality of life in a patient with developmental delay who could not make decisions for herself. Literature review regarding the role of adjuvant radiation based on final diagnosis and extent of disease suggests that radiation can improve locoregional control and overall survival with atypical meningioma. Lack of clear information in the literature on these rare conditions can lead to poor understanding on the part of the treatment team and the healthcare proxies who are making decisions, making goals of care discussions and medical decision-making challenging. This case report seeks to add to the available data on management of atypical meningiomas of the sinonasal tract and olfactory bulb.
Effects of irrigation and planting geometry on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fiber quality and seed composition

Cotton fiber quality and seed composition play vital roles in the economics of cotton production systems and the cottonseed meal industry. This research aimed to examine the effects of different irrigation levels and planting geometries on fiber quality and seed composition of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). We conducted a 2-year study in 2018 and 2019 in a warm, humid area in the Southeast United States on Dundee silt loam soil. There were three irrigation treatments in the study. The treatments included irrigating every furrow, or full irrigation (FI), every alternate furrow, or half irrigation (HI), and no irrigation, or rain-fed (RF). Planting geometries were on ridges spaced 102 cm apart and either a single-row (SR) or twin-rows (TR). The results of high-volume instrument (HVI), advanced fiber information systems (AFIS) and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) showed that irrigation and planting treatments played a significant role in fiber quality and seed composition. Across irrigation treatments, significant differences were seen in fiber properties, including fineness, maturity ratio, micronaire, neps, short fiber, strength, uniformity, upper half mean length (UHML), upper quartile length by weight (UQLw), and yellowness (+b). Irrigation and planting geometry (PG) had a significant effect on micronaire, strength, and UHML while their interaction was significant only for micronaire. The micronaire was negatively affected by irrigation as FI-SR, FI-TR, HI-SR, and HI-TR recorded 11% ~ 12% lower over the RF-SR and TR treatments. The PG played a minor role in determining fiber quality traits like micronaire and nep count. Irrigation treatments produced significantly lower (3% ~ 4%) protein content than rain-fed, while oil content increased significantly (6% ~ 10%). The study results indicate a potential for improving cotton fiber and seed qualities by managing irrigation and planting geometries in cotton production systems in the Mississippi (MS) Delta region. The HI-TR system appears promising for lint and seed quality.
Toward Home Area Network Hygiene: Device Classification and Intrusion Detection for Encrypted Communications

With the abundance of Internet of Things (IoT) devices on the market, proper home area network (HAN) hygiene is not only desirable for easy management and maintenance but also a requirement at the foundation of any security measures. To ensure HAN hygiene, a method is proposed for automatic device detection and classification. Given the popularity of dynamic IP address allocation, and the increasing popularity of end-to-end encrypted communications, this method relies solely on communication metadata that can be extracted from network traffic. But rather than extracting explicit statistical features of traffic over sliding or hopping windows, this method instead uses entire sequences of packets, where each packet is represented by a tuple describing its length and the duration of the associated subsequent interpacket pause. The proposed classifier is implemented as a recurrent neural network and achieves encouraging accuracy, demonstrating that even the simplest form of communication metadata (and thus the least privacy invasive) is a valuable resource for keeping track of the devices on our networks.
Snake Venoms

Snake venoms are complex mixtures containing many different biologically active proteins and peptides. A number of these proteins act on components of the haemostatic system in humans. The paper focuses on those venom constituents that affect the blood coagulation pathway, endothelial cells and platelets. Several highly purified venom enzymes have been used clinically as anticoagulants, and other venom proteins are being used in preclinical research to investigate their possible therapeutic potential.
Dispositional Active Coping Predicts Patterns of Adolescents' Cortisol Responsivity in the Context of School-related Stressors

Objective: The goal of this study was to examine the direct and conditional effects of active coping and prior exposure to school-related stressors on cortisol reactivity and recovery in response to an academically salient, social stress task.Method: Participants included N= 758 adolescents (50% male; M age = 12.03 years, SD = .49) enrolled in the 7th grade in Title 1 middle schools. Adolescents were predominantly ethnic minorities (62% Hispanic, 12% non-Hispanic White, 11% non-Hispanic Black, 7% Native American, and 8% "other"). Youth completed self-reported assessments of their dispositional use of active coping strategies, prior exposure to school hassles, pubertal status, medication use, and relevant demographic information. In addition, youth engaged in an academically salient group public speaking task adapted for adolescents and provided salivary cortisol sample pre-task, immediately post-task, 15-, and 30-minutes post-task.Results: Results from piecewise latent growth curve modeling revealed that active coping independently predicted lower cortisol reactivity to the stress task. Furthermore, active coping was associated with slower cortisol recovery when adolescents reported not having experienced any school hassles in the past three months and faster recovery when having experienced several school hassles in the past three months. Results from multinomial logistic regressions revealed that greater use of active coping strategies was less likely to predict a hyper-reactive pattern of cortisol responding compared to other patterns.Conclusion: Findings provide support for active coping as a way to promote adaptive physiological responding to school-related stressors among ethnically diverse youth residing in low-income communities.
Toward a New Era for the Indian Health System.

Toward a New Era for the Indian Health System The Indian Health System is poorly resourced and understaffed. Now is a promising time to reflect on big solutions for fostering a transformative, rath...
Factor Xa Inhibitors versus Low Molecular Weight Heparin for The Treatment of Cancer Associated Venous Thromboembolism; A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Non-Randomized Studies.

Abstract Introduction We compared the safety and efficacy of Xa-inhibitors to LMWH for treatment of venous thromboembolism in mixed and gastrointestinal cancer cohorts (CA-VTE). Methods A systematic search identified RCTs and non-randomized studies (NRS) comparing Xa-inhibitors to LMWH for treating CA-VTE. Relative risks were computed. Certainty was assessed using the GRADE approach. Results Xa-inhibitors reduced the risk of recurrent VTE (RR0.64;0.49-0.84) and NRS (RR0.74;0.60-0.92;Moderate-Low Certainty). There was no significant difference in recurrent PE in RCTs (RR0.72;0.50-1.02) and NRS (1.43;0.65-3.12;Low-Very Low Certainty). Xa-inhibitors increased the risk of overall bleeding events in RCTs (RR1.45;1.05-2.01) and NRS (RR1.72;1.42-2.08;Moderate-Low Certainty), and the risk of major bleeding events in NRS (RR1.56;1.17-2.07), but not in RCTs (RR1.33;0.94-1.89; Low-Very Low Certainty). Similar results were detected in gastrointestinal cancer patients. Conclusion Xa-inhibitors may reduce the risk of recurrent VTE, but not recurrent PE compared to LMWH. A higher overall bleeding risk, and a questionably higher major bleeding risk was found with Xa-inhibitor use.
TU‐EF‐210‐02: MRg Hyperthermia

The use of therapeutic ultrasound to provide targeted therapy is an active research area that has a broad application scope. The invited talks in this session will address currently implemented strategies and protocols for both hyperthermia and ablation applications using therapeutic ultrasound. The role of both ultrasound and MRI in the monitoring and assessment of these therapies will be explored in both pre-clinical and clinical applications. Katherine Ferrara: High Intensity Focused Ultrasound, Drug Delivery, and Immunotherapy Rajiv Chopra: Translating Localized Doxorubicin Delivery to Pediatric Oncology using MRI-guided HIFU Elisa Konofagou: Real-time Ablation Monitoring and Lesion Quantification using Harmonic Motion Imaging Keyvan Farahani: AAPM Task Groups in Interventional Ultrasound Imaging and Therapy Learning Objectives: 1. Understand the role of ultrasound in localized drug delivery and the effects of immunotherapy when used in conjunction with ultrasound therapy. 2. Understand potential targeted drug delivery clinical applications including pediatric oncology. 3. Understand the technical requirements for performing targeted drug delivery. 4. Understand how radiation-force approaches can be used to both monitor and assess high intensity focused ultrasound ablation therapy. 5. Understand the role of AAPM task groups in ultrasound imaging and therapies. Chopra: Funding from Cancer Prevention and Research Initiative of Texas (CPRIT), Award R1308 Evelyn and M.R. Hudson Foundation; Research Support from Research Contract with Philips Healthcare; COI are Co-founder of FUS Instruments Inc Ferrara: Supported by NIH, UCDavis and California (CIRM and BHCE) Farahani: In-kind research support from Philips Healthcare