cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Imaging the Rapid Recruitment of Dynamins at the Exocytic Fusion Pore

The size and shape of the exocytic fusion pore directly modulates the release of vesicle cargoes like insulin, hormones, and neurotransmitters. Though a number of proteins have been implicated in fusion pore regulation, the molecular details of this process and how these proteins work together to shape the membrane are largely unknown. Using TIRF microscopy in living INS-1 cells we directly image the coincident and transient recruitment of dynamin proteins, the regulatory lipid PIP2, and BAR domain proteins amphiphysin, syndapin, and endophilin to exocytic sites. Recruitment occurs at the moment of membrane fusion. Evidence from imaging and siRNA depletion of endogenous dynamins suggests that dynamin-1 and dynamin-2 have distinct functional roles at sites of exocytosis. We show that perturbing dynamin-1 interaction with PIP2 or amphiphysin blocks its recruitment to exocytic sites and has functional effects on vesicle cargo release. We turn to stimulated emission depletion (STED) super-resolution fluorescence microscopy to directly visualize the organization of dynamins at sites of exocytosis in living cells. The spatiotemporal coincident recruitment of dynamins, PIP2, and BAR domain proteins, and their known interactions, strongly suggest these molecules form a complex at the nascent exocytic fusion pore. Such a protein and lipid assembly represents a novel paradigm for controlling fusion pore size and shape and directly modulating endocrine cargo release.
Evolution of goal-directed behavior from limited information in a complex environment

In this paper, we apply an evolutionary algorithm to learning behavior on a novel, interesting task to explore the general issue of learning effective behaviors in a complex environment that provides only limited perception and goal-feedback. Our specific approach evolves behavior in the form Artificial Neural Networks with recurrent connections. We apply our approach to learn effective behavior for a non-standard maze-navigation problem that is characterized by aspects of problems that are difficult to approach via other methods. Difficult aspects of the specified problem include the inability to sense all task-relevant state at any given time (the problem of "hidden state"), and limited feedback with respect to success or failure. We observe evolved networks to perform very well on the target problem. Further findings include adaptation to noise in action selection, performance proportional to memory capacity, and improved performance when network weights are transferred from training on one maze to another.
Bond Order Conservation Strategies in Catalysis Applied to the NH3 Decomposition Reaction

On the basis of an extensive set of density functional theory calculations, it is shown that a simple scheme provides a fundamental understanding of variations in the transition state energies and structures of reaction intermediates on transition metal surfaces across the periodic table. The scheme is built on the bond order conservation principle and requires a limited set of input data, still achieving transition state energies as a function of simple descriptors with an error smaller than those of approaches based on linear fits to a set of calculated transition state energies. We have applied this approach together with linear scaling of adsorption energies to obtain the energetics of the NH3 decomposition reaction on a series of stepped fcc(211) transition metal surfaces. This information is used to establish a microkinetic model for the formation of N2 and H2, thus providing insight into the components of the reaction that determines the activity.
Affective and cognitive correlates of PTSD: Electrocortical processing of threat and perseverative errors on the WCST in combat-related PTSD

PTSD is characterized by both affective and cognitive dysfunction. Affectively, PTSD is associated with both heightened emotional reactivity and disengagement. Cognitively, perseverative thinking is a core feature of the disorder. In order to assess the interactive effects of affective and cognitive correlates of PTSD symptoms, 47 OEF/OIF/OND veterans completed an emotional faces matching task while EEG (i.e., late positive potential; LPP) was recorded, and separately completed the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) to assess perseverative errors. There was no relationship between PTSD symptoms and either perseverative errors or EEG reactivity to faces. However, an interaction was found such that high perseverative errors on the WCST and a relatively enhanced LPP to angry faces was associated with greater PTSD symptoms, while low errors on the WCST and a relatively blunted LPP to angry faces also related to greater PTSD symptoms. These findings suggest that emotion-cognition interactions are important for understanding PTSD, and that distinct emotion-cognition constellations interact with symptoms.
Vibration-based monitoring and diagnostics using compressive sensing

Abstract Vibration data from mechanical systems carry important information that is useful for characterization and diagnosis. Standard approaches rely on continually streaming data at a fixed sampling frequency. For applications involving continuous monitoring, such as Structural Health Monitoring (SHM), such approaches result in high volume data and rely on sensors being powered for prolonged durations. Furthermore, for spatial resolution, structures are instrumented with a large array of sensors. This paper shows that both volume of data and number of sensors can be reduced significantly by applying Compressive Sensing (CS) in vibration monitoring applications. The reduction is achieved by using random sampling and capitalizing on the sparsity of vibration signals in the frequency domain. Preliminary experimental results validating CS-based frequency recovery are also provided. By exploiting the sparsity of mode shapes, CS can also enable efficient spatial reconstruction using fewer spatially distributed sensors. CS can thereby reduce the cost and power requirement of sensing as well as streamline data storage and processing in monitoring applications. In well-instrumented structures, CS can enable continued monitoring in case of sensor or computational failures.
All the Marbles

“We’re going to clear the gym,” whispered Joe Bettencourt, the athletic director of New Bedford High, to Mr. O’Brien, during warm-ups. “It’s too rowdy in here. There’s going to be a riot if we let the fans stay.” “You’re not going to do it while I’m here. If you want to do it, go ahead, but let me and my players get out first. You think there’s trouble now? You’ll really see trouble if you try to clear the gym.”
Marsilio Ficino’s Fable of Phoebus and Lucilia and Botticelli’s “Primavera”

The contributions of Marsilio Ficino to literature were vast but almost en­tirely indirect.1 There was, however, an imaginative, inventive side to his genius which is often overlooked. He composed, for example, a number of mythological fables, which are amongst the most esthetically pleasing of his writings.2 These Apologi show that Ficino commanded an immense array of classical myths, motifs, and themes; so thoroughly had he assimilat­ed them that he could transform them into his own allegorical tales at will, charmingly, and at times playfully. Rich in allusion, they are also the work of a deliberate Latin stylist. One may compare him in these respects (though a sense of proportion must be kept) to his younger contemporary, Angelo Poliziano, whose gifts as a creator of humanistic poetry have recently been s o well analyzed by Ida Maїer.3 Ficino’s Apologi were not essentially, how­ever, exercises in belles-lettres at a11.4 They are but one facet of the activity of this man who could claim solemnly to be the bearer of a Providentially-inspired message.5 His fables are Christian in essence, the fruit, at the same time, of his belief in a universal truth.6 In his own particular way, Ficino often shows himself the heir of the medieval exegetical tradition, finding Christian and philosophical truths under the mythological veil.7 In his moments of creation, however, he reverses the exegetical process; it is he who clothes Christian truths and philosophical concepts in outergarments bor­rowed from antiquity. Indeed, he goes beyond this process, fusing into an indissoluble whole classical allusions, Biblical and patristic themes and im­ages to an extent which inclines modern readers, still heirs, to a degree, of the tradition of a “pagan” Renaissance, to overlook the underlying Christian doctrine.
Metal‐Regulated Gene Expression

The chemistry of transition‐metal ions makes them both essential cofactors to vital processes in the cell as well as a source of reactive oxygen species that can have lethal consequences. The genes encoding proteins that collectively manage cellular metal ion homeostasis are under the transcriptional control of metalloregulatory proteins that harbor metal-specific coordination sites that allosterically regulate operator DNA binding. This chapter reviews recent efforts to understand the protein structure, coordination chemistry, and structural mechanisms of metal-dependent gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Optical visualization of strain development and fracture propagation in laminated rocks

Abstract Shales are commonly anisotropic in nature due to layering and natural fractures which consequently impact the mechanical behavior of shale in terms of stress-strain distribution, fracture initiation, propagation and fracture pattern. The classical method of strain measurement with strain gauges can not reveal the complex process of strain accumulation and fracture propagation in such anisotropic rocks. Therefore, we applied optical techniques along with image processing to measure strain on the surface of laminated Green River shale samples with various lamination angles under indirect tensile testing conditions. Full-field strain development was monitored over time and fracture patterns were identified utilizing digital image correlation (DIC) technique. A load-strain nature were established as a function of lamination angles incorporated with DIC generated horizontal, vertical and shear strain maps which results in better understanding of sequences in strain development and fracture pattern due to laminations. Variation in indirect tensile strengths are evaluated and reported with applied energy which shows that sample with higher tensile strength required higher applied energy to fail it. Fracture pattern obtained from DIC visualization are characterized which show that shear failure is dominant when failure occurred through laminations and tension for central failure samples. Finally, the measured axial strain from load frame is compared with DIC and achieved a considerable agreement in both measurement. The knowledge of this study can help in evaluating fracture behavior of laminated formations which can be important for energy-related activities including fracturing, fluid injection and extraction.
Bodily Based (Somatic) Bottom-Up Psychotherapy for MST

The following chapter will outline many of the common “promising practices” or somatic (bottom-up) therapies for MST-related PTSD. Research for these therapies will be reviewed, as well as limitations to each modality. Under-researched populations will also be discussed.
Blake C. Meyers.

While working on very small RNA molecules, Blake Meyers tackles some of the biggest problems in plant biology. Blake has spent much of his academic career generating and sifting through billions of sequence reads to ask a deceptively simple question: What do small RNAs do in a cell? Holding a joint
Epitope mapping studies of snake venom phospholipase A2 using monoclonal antibodies.

Fifteen different monoclonal antibodies developed against cpseudexin, a snake venom phospholipase A2 with presynaptic cneurotoxicity, were screened for linear epitope recognition. cPeptides (9-mers) spanning pseudexin were synthesized by using calanine-derivatized polyethylene pins and subsequently probed with cantibody. Four antibodies bound to toxin peptides and were detected cwith an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Three of the bound cantibodies recognized a site important in calcium binding and the cinterlocking of dimeric forms of snake venom phospholipase A2. cAnalogous regions from other phospholipases were synthesized and cprobed with the four reactive antibodies. A good correlation was cfound between the reactivity of whole molecule phospholipases and cpeptide regions with the antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies cneutralizing the lethal or enzymatic effects of pseudexin did not crecognize any linear epitopes.
Further Results On Energy

This is a continuation of earlier papers [5], [6] which treat the role of energy in probabilistic potential theory. Unfortunately, this role has not yet received the attention it enjoyed in classical potential theory where the symmetry of the potential kernel plays an essential role.
Jacques Derrida and the Future

This chapter first explores the centrality of Husserl’s work in Jacques Derrida’s articulation of the project of deconstruction by highlighting the ‘irreducible complicity’ between Husserl’s sought-after ‘pre-expressive stratum of sense’ and his commitment to the expressibility of all conscious experience. It then addresses the question concerning the task of philosophy in Husserl’s wake, given the apparent fragmentation of the continental tradition, arguing that philosophy’s task is the active disruption of the doxa in pursuit of the fundamental. Finally, it argues, based upon a reading of Husserl’s living present and a critique of his primal impression, that the fundamental must be thought as productive relationality, the past and future dually brought forth in the present which is nothing more than the relation between the two.
Ontogeny, Life History, and Maternal Investment in Baboons

This chapter compares the ontogeny of Papio baboons to other papionin primates through a theoretical perspective that prioritizes ontogeny in the study of life history. This viewpoint anticipates that life history variables are dissociable, or capable of responding to selection independent of one another. The result is diversity in how primate life histories unfold. Papio baboons provide excellent evidence for this view of life history, illustrating a mode of life history with clear ties to female reproduction. Specifically, relative to other papionins, life history in Papio baboons involves tightly coordinated patterns of development for somatic variables, including body mass, skeletal dimensions, and dental eruption. Growth hormones in Papio baboons are highly intercorrelated. However, brain growth follows a distinct pattern from other systems, ceasing very early in Papio baboons.
Chapter 2.3 - Evolution of the infant separation call: rodent ultrasonic vocalization

Abstract This chapter describes research that shows how mammalian infant vocalization is likely to have evolved as a component of the neuro-behavioral response of infants to separation from mother, littermates and home cage nest. The following questions are asked: how might evolution of the larynx as a protective valve during food and water ingestion and thermoregulatory physiology that was central to evolution of mammalian brain function have played a role in the evolution of infant vocal responses? And how might other selection pressures, such as the risk of detection by predators and variation in the likelihood of maternal responses to infant calls, have further shaped neural regulation of the infants' vocal response within the cognitive/emotional state elicited by separation? Finally, the results of experimental selection over many generations for high and low levels of infant vocalization provide laboratory tests of some of the hypotheses generated by this research.
The Processing of Auditory Stimuli for Eye Movements in the Posterior Parietal Cortex of Monkeys

The posterior parietal cortex has long been considered a classical association area, essential for combining information from all the senses in order to form a cognitive representation of space (Critchley, 1953; Hyvarinen, 1982; Mountcastle et al., 1975). How the various sensory modalities, which are coded in very different coordinate frames, are combined in the posterior parietal cortex has until recently not been understood. In this chapter we review experiments from our laboratory which have begun to reveal how auditory and visual signals are integrated in the lateral intraparietal area (LIP) of the posterior parietal cortex.
Provider Conscientious Refusal, Medical Malpractice, and the Right to Civil Recourse.

Nelson (2018) argues that where death results from conscientious refusal to provide abortion services in an obstetrical emergency, clinicians and institutions should be held criminally liable for h...
A Robust Algorithm for Tile-based 360-degree Video Streaming with Uncertain FoV Estimation

We propose a robust scheme for streaming 360-degree immersive videos to maximize the quality of experience (QoE). Our streaming approach introduces a holistic analytical framework built upon the formal method of stochastic optimization. We propose a robust algorithm which provides a streaming rate such that the video quality degrades below that rate with very low probability even in presence of uncertain head movement, and bandwidth. It assumes the knowledge of the viewing probability of different portions (tiles) of a panoramic scene. Such probabilities can be easily derived from crowdsourced measurements performed by 360 video content providers. We then propose efficient methods to solve the problem at runtime while achieving a bounded optimality gap (in terms of the QoE). We implemented our proposed approaches using emulation. Using real users' head movement traces and real cellular bandwidth traces, we show that our algorithms significantly outperform the baseline algorithms by at least in $30\%$ in the QoE metric. Our algorithm gives a streaming rate which is $50\%$ higher compared to the baseline algorithms when the prediction error is high.
Television and political advertising

This volume represents one of the first major scholarly efforts to unravel the psychological and symbolic processing of political advertising. Utilizing survey, experimental, qualitative, and semiotic methodologies to study this phenomenon, the contributors to Television and Political Advertising trace how political ads help to interpret the psychological reality of the presidential campaign in the minds of millions of voters. A product of the National Political Advertising Research Project, this interdisciplinary effort is valuable to researchers in advertising, communication, and consumer psychology since it helps define future work on the relationship between television, politics, and the mind of the voter. This volume, Television and Political Advertising: Signs, Codes and Images, is the second of two, and covers such areas as Generating Meaning in the Pursuit of Power, Analyses of the Meaning of Political Ads, The Campaign Documentary as an Ad, and Regulating Signs and Images.
Meet the Engineering Education Pioneers — Panel & Roundtable

This panel session combines principles from graduate student socialization and intergenerational mentorship to provide a unique opportunity for early career scholars and pioneers in engineering education to interact face-to-face. Pioneers will serve as panelists and give their personal tips and reflections on networking and mentorship. Session attendees will then meet with the pioneers in a roundtable format, to ask questions, seek advice, and get feedback. This work builds on the National Science Foundation-funded Engineering Education Pioneers Project, which documented the stories of more than 40 engineering education pioneers through online profiles. The intended audience for this panel includes graduate students, junior faculty, and other individuals interested in the engineering education community. Expected benefits include better understanding, increased belonging, and new or enhanced interest in engineering education. Future efforts associated with this session include understanding the impact of such exposure to the pioneers on attendees and exploring the possibility of offering this event at future engineering education conferences.
GPCRs join the mTORC1 regulatory network.

Rag GTPases play a crucial role in mTORC1 activation by promoting its recruitment to the lysosomal surface in a nutrient-dependent manner. A study now identifies a family of lysosomal G-protein-coupled receptors as modulators of Rag GTPases localization and activation, adding one more component to the fast-growing mTOR regulatory network.
The Color of Urine: Then and now - A Comprehensive Review of the Literature with Emphasis on Intracytoplasmic Pigments Encountered in Urinary Cytology

The color of urine, once considered by uroscopists to give the most important clues to the diagnosis, still can provide some diagnostic clues in modern medicine. Pigmented cells are an uncommon and surprising find in urine cytology and can at the same time provide important diagnostic clues or represent a dangerous pitfall. We present a review of the significance of pigmented cells in urine cytology. The presence of intracellular pigment granules; their color, size, shape, and variation in size and shape; as well as their staining reactions with special stains can provide useful diagnostic insight, especially when interpreted in the cytologic context (type of pigmented cell and its degree of atypicality) and patient's clinical context. The main differential diagnosis of cytoplasmic pigmented granules includes hemosiderin, lipofuscin, and melanin, each having a different pathogenesis and significance. The goal of this paper is to describe the morphological, histochemical, and ultrastructural characteristics of the pigments seen in urinary cytology, and to review the benign and malignant conditions associated with them.
Multistage Interband Cascade Thermophotovoltaic Devices with ~0.2 eV Bandgap

Five narrow-gap interband-cascade (IC) thermophotovoltaic (TPV) devices were examined, which differed from each other in the number of cascade stages (1-, 3-, 5-, 6- or 7-stages) and the thickness of the InAs/GaSb superlattice absorber. The bandgap of the absorber embedded in the five devices is slightly larger than 0.2 eV at 300 K, which should be the narrowest bandgap ever reported in TPV cells. The largest open-circuit voltage of 691 meV was obtained from the 7-stage device. A comparison between the measured J-V curves and 100%-collected ideal J-V curves clearly showed that the photocurrent of these TPV devices is a function of the applied voltage. These findings further support the advantages of the multi-stage narrow-gap IC structure over the single absorber configuration used in the conventional TPV cells.
Theories of Violence

The current study examined the identity and interest-group theories in the context of domestic violence and hate crimes. Identity and the roles with which people define themselves, especially if the roles are violent in nature, can lead to elevated levels of domestic violence. Interest-group theory argues that by placing groups with different norms and values against each other, violence, especially visible in hate crimes, will reach elevated levels. In addition, counter-violence methods were discussed in regard to both theories that have been mentioned. For counter-violence, strategies and policy are two effective measures to reduce these types of violence. Through this discussion, it will be shown that violence is a learned behavior and something that can be controlled by alleviating factors such as negative labels or negative socialization involved in these theories.
Self-Correction of Unreported Marijuana Use by Participants Taking a Street Intercept Survey

Background: Due to underreporting, a major challenge associated with drug use surveys is obtaining precise estimates of drug use.Objective: This study examined reliability of self-reported lifetime...
Recent Trends in Medicare Utilization and Reimbursement for Lumbar Spine Fusion and Discectomy Procedures

ABSTRACT Background Context Understanding the scope of the volume and costs of lumbar fusions and discectomy procedures, as well as identifying significant trends within the Medicare system, may be beneficial in enhancing cost-efficiency and care delivery. However, there is a paucity of studies which analyze recent trends in lumbar fusion volume, utilization, and reimbursements. Purpose This study seeks to define the costs of lumbar fusions and discectomy procedures and identify trends and variations in volume, utilization, and surgeon and hospital reimbursement rates in the Medicare system between 2012 and 2017. Study Design Retrospective database study Patient Sample Medicare Part A and Part B claims submitted for lumbar spine procedures from 2012 to 2017, as documented in the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Physician and Other Supplier Public Use Files. Outcome Measures Procedure numbers and payments per episode. Methods This cross-sectional study tracked annual Medicare claims and payments to spine surgeons using publicly-available databases and aggregated data at the county level. Descriptive statistics and multivariate regression models were used to evaluate trends in procedure volume, utilization rates (per 10,000 Medicare beneficiaries), and reimbursement rates, and to examine associations between county-specific and lumbar spine procedure utilization and reimbursements. Results A total of 772,532 lumbar spine procedures were performed in the Medicare population from 2012 to 2017, including 634,335 lumbar fusion surgeries and 138,197 primary lumbar discectomy and microdiscectomy single-level surgeries. There was a 26.0% increase in annual lumbar fusion procedure volume during the study period, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.7%. Lumbar discectomy/microdiscectomy experienced a 23.5% decrease in annual procedure volume (CAGR, -5.2%). Mean Medicare surgeon reimbursements for lumbar fusions nominally decreased by 3.7% from $767 in 2012 to $738 in 2017, equivalent to an inflation-adjusted decrease of 11.4% (CAGR, -0.7%). Mean Medicare payments for lumbar discectomy and microdiscectomy procedures nominally increased by 16.3% from $517 in 2012 to $601 in 2017, equivalent to an inflation-adjusted increase of 6.9% (CAGR, 3.1%). Conclusions This current study found the volume and utilization of lumbar fusions have increased since 2012, while lumbar discectomy and microdiscectomy volume and utilization have fallen. Medicare payments to hospitals and surgeons for lumbar fusions have either declined or not kept pace with inflation, and reimbursements for lumbar discectomy and microdiscectomy to hospitals have risen at a disproportionate rate compared to surgeon payments. These trends in Medicare payments, especially seen in decreasing allocation of reimbursements for surgeons, may be the effect of value-based cost reduction measures, especially for high-cost orthopedic and spine surgeries.
“I’m Going to Learn, and She’s Going to Become Somebody”: Exploring the Counternarratives of Black Women on Welfare in Urban Communities:

This qualitative research study explores counternarratives to stereotypes and assumptions made about Black women on welfare in low-income, urban communities. Findings, based on in-depth interviews ...
Thoracic Aneurysms: Endovascular Procedures for Debranching of Ascending and Isolated Arch Aneurysms

Open surgical repair of thoracic aortic arch aneurysm is a well-established technique for aneurysms involving the aorta arch or the aortic arch and ascending aorta. Open repair generally requires sternotomy, cardiopulmonary bypass, cardiac arrest, profound hypothermia, and circulatory arrest to complete the repair. Hybrid procedures using arch debranching techniques and thoracic endografting have been developed that can eliminate the need for cardiopulmonary bypass, cardiac arrest, profound hypothermia, and circulatory arrest and occasionally sternotomy also. We will describe the approach used at the Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center for hybrid repair of thoracic aortic arch aneurysm with and without ascending aortic involvement.
Thorough QT/QTc Clinical Trials

On an ECG tracing, the QT interval is measured from the beginning of Q wave to the end of T wave. QT interval reflects the duration of ventricular depolarization and subsequent repolarization. For some drugs, significant prolongation of the absolute QT interval has been associated with the precipitation of a potentially fatal cardiac arrhythmia called Torsades de Pointes (TdP) and can degenerate into ventricular fibrillation, leading to sudden cardiac death (Moss 1993). Over the past decade, these cardiac adverse events have resulted in a number of patient deaths and was one of the most frequent adverse events (Wysowski et al. 2001) of a drug that led to either its removal from the market (e.g., terfenadine and cisapride) or the placement of restrictions on its use (e.g., ziprasidone and ranolizine.) With theses experiences, the regulatory agencies now request that each pharmaceutical company conducts at least one thorough QT (TQT) study when submitting a new drug application. The final version of the ICH E14 guidance (ICH 2005) for “The Clinical Evaluation of QT/QTc Interval Prolongation and Proarrhythmic Potential for Nonantiarrhythmic Drugs” was released in May 2005. The abbreviation QTc denotes the QT interval corrected for the heart rate.
Women and the workplace: applications of a psychodynamic theory.

It is a great pleasure to be able to write to honor Allie Symonds. Allie was a staunch fighter for the betterment of women, and thereby for everyone. We are very happy to have this opportunity to contribute in this small way to this tribute to Allie. Her courage and energetic action are all too rare. They have served as an inspiration to many, and we hope will continue to do so for many more. Two of us (Jordan and Miller) worked with her on several projects in the American Academy of Psychoanalysis and the American Psychiatric Association. We did not always agree on everything, but we enjoyed vigorous discussions and learned from each other over the years. We have a feeling that Allie would enjoy hearing about the work that follows. We would like to illustrate how current psychoanalytic thinking can extend beyond the realm of treatment and offer a starting point for a new approach to the very definition of work. It may be difficult to remember that only a short time ago women in the workplace would not have been a serious topic. Women have always worked both at home and in fields and factories. However, with the Industrial Revolution, the workplace became a male domain and women’s place was in the home—even if women continued to work in paid labor, which many women still did. The two spheres operated on different principles and different values. What happens when women enter the modern workplace? Do they take on the characteristics prescribed for men, that is, do work as it has been defined by men? Do they do things differently? And what is their experience in these organizations? Is their presence in greater numbers in the managerial ranks having an effect on organizations and the values that have guided organizational practices and structures? What of the workplace itself? In the
Developing Java Web Services to Access Databases

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction to Java Web Services The Structure and Components of SOAP-Based Web Services The Procedure of Building a Typical SOAP-Based Web Service Project Getting Started with Java Web Services Using NetBeans IDE Build Java Web Service Projects to Access SQL Server Database Build a Windows-Based Web Client Project to Consume the Web Service Build a Web-Based Client Project to Consume the Web Service Build Java Web Service to Insert Data into the SQL Server Database Build a Windows-Based Web Client Project to Consume the Web Service Build a Web-Based Client Project to Consume the Web Service Build Java Web Service to Update and Delete Data from the SQL Server Database Build a Windows-Based Web Client Project to Consume the Web Service Build a Web-Based Client Project to Consume the Web Service Build Java Web Service Projects to Access Oracle Databases Build a Windows-Based Web Client Project to Consume the Web Service Build a Web-Based Web Client Project to Consume the Web Service Chapter Summary Homework
Bacteriophage Infecting the Myxobacterium Chondrococcus columnaris

Kingsbury, David T. (University of Washington, Seattle), and Erling J. Ordal. Bacteriophage infecting the myxobacterium Chondrococcus columnaris. J. Bacteriol. 91:1327-1332. 1966.-During a series of screening experiments, seven bacteriophages which infect the pathogenic myxobacterium Chondrococcus columnaris were isolated. Of these, one was chosen for detailed study. This phage has a wide host range among strains of C. columnaris, but does not infect other myxobacterial species tested. Morphologically, this phage resembles coliphage T2, though it is smaller. It has a head diameter of 600 A, a tail length of 1,000 A, and a tail width of 200 A. The head is attached to the tail by a well-defined neck. The turbid plaques produced by this phage are similar in appearance to those produced by coliphage lambda, and average 1 mm in diameter. The phage has a latent period of 100 min, a rise period of an additional 90 min, and a burst size of 23. Calcium ions at a concentration of 0.004 m are required for adsorption. This requirement cannot be met by substitution of magnesium ions. A purified preparation of 2 x 10(12) phage particles was extracted with phenol, and the nucleic acid was identified as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Base ratios of the phage DNA and the DNA of two propagating strains were similar. Streptomycin at a concentration of 70 mug/ml inhibits phage infection at an early stage, probably by inhibiting injection of the phage DNA.
To Issue or Not to Issue: Analysis of the Business Method Patent Controvery on the Internet

The author argues that in time business method patents will promote competition and innovation on the Internet. He begins by tracing the history, goals, and criteria of patent law in general, and then discusses the birth of the BMP, reviews a sample of recently issued BMPs, and summarizes the various arguments that undercut and support the advent of the BMP. After reviewing the arguments against Internet-based BMPs, the authOr asserts that although various and sometimes random, scholarly criticisms can be placed into three broad classifications: quality, efficiency, and consistency. Balancing these arguments, the author argues that although the consistency arguments have merit, they ignore the realities of the Internet business sector.
The Effects of Live and Artificial Diets on Feeding Performance of Winter Flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus, in the Hatchery

Winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus, are capable of releasing hundreds of thousands of eggs annually, but because of the vulnerability of the small, early life stages, there is high natural mortality, and few survive to maturity. Captively spawning, rearing, and releasing animals at a size or age beyond this period of high mortality may enhance stocks. The objectives of this research were to determine how different diets (both live and formulated) influenced hatchery survival and growth of juvenile winter flounder. Live feeds included post-nauplii of brine shrimp, Artemia salina; white worms, Enchytraeus albidus; and common burrower amphipods, Leptocheirus plumulosus. Fish reared on live feeds exhibited significantly higher survival (P < 0.0001) and growth (P < 0.01) than those reared on formulated feed, with fish fed white worms exhibiting the highest growth rates. This study provides hatchery feeding strategies that may ease the transition of flatfish released into the wild for stock enhancement.
Implementing lattice Boltzmann computation on graphics hardware

The Lattice Boltzmann Model (LBM) is a physically-based approach that simulates the microscopic movement of fluid particles by simple, identical, and local rules. We accelerate the computation of the LBM on general-purpose graphics hardware, by grouping particle packets into 2D textures and mapping the Boltzmann equations completely to the rasterization and frame buffer operations. We apply stitching and packing to further improve the performance. In addition, we propose techniques, namely range scaling and range separation, that systematically transform variables into the range required by the graphics hardware and thus prevent overflow. Our approach can be extended to acceleration of the computation of any cellular automata model.
When users push back: oppositional new media and community

The progressive privatization of Internet infrastructure in the U.S. throughout the 1990s fostered the resurgence of a mass media-style "pipeline" model of online content distribution favored by the media and entertainment industries. Nonetheless, and despite various attempts at suppression by corporations and law enforcement, a diverse community of artists, activists and citizens has found the Web and related technologies to be effective media for expressing their ideas and interests. In this paper oppositional new media are examined as a means of response and resistance to a popular culture that many groups regard as dominated by consumerism, political apathy and cultural and economic oppression. Cases are presented to illustrate key genres of oppositional new media, including the responses of mainstream corporate, government and law- enforcement authorities. The paper concludes with an overview of characteristics of oppositional new media and their implications for establishing and maintining community.
M.P. Bradley, Vietnam at War

Over the last decade Mark Philip Bradley has established himself as one of the leading international scholars of American diplomatic history, human rights politics and post-colonial Southeast Asian...
Peak atmospheric entry temperatures of micrometeorites

— We present numerical calculations of the peak temperatures experienced by micrometeorites during atmospheric entry. Results are given for particle diameters between 2 and 50 μm and for entry velocities between 10 and 25 km/s. A material density of 2 g/cm3 and an entry angle of 45° are used for the calculation, but the results presented here can be easily reinterpreted for other densities and for vertical entry.
Livestock predation by the painted hunting dog Lycaon pictus in a cattle ranching region of Zimbabwe: a case study

Abstract The painted hunting dog Lycaon pictus , labelled an inveterate stock killer, was formerly slaughtered in large numbers and eradicated throughout most of its former range. Reports of a pack of painted hunting dogs estimated at 35 individuals, and cattle losses of 59 animals over a 2-year period in the Nyamandlovu region, Zimbabwe, were checked by fieldwork. A resident pack numbering 16 individuals was confirmed, with a home range of ⩾660 km 2 . Authentic cattle losses due to dogs from a herd averaging 3132 amounted to ⩽26 animals out of a total of 268 losses with a peak during the calving season but few losses during the denning period. The pack fed predominantly on impala, duiker and kudu. There were indications that some of the losses attributed to the dogs were in fact due to cattle rustling and poaching.
Adaptive Techniques for Improving the Performance of Incomplete Factorization Preconditioning

Three techniques for improving the robustness and performance of incomplete factorization preconditioners for sparse systems with symmetric positive definite or mildly indefinite coefficient matrices are introduced. The primary contribution is two new block algorithms for incomplete factorization that result in an improvement in the performance of both the preconditioner generation and the iterative solution phases. One of the algorithms applies to matrices that have a natural block structure in their original form, and the other applies to matrices without natural dense blocks. Additionally, two relatively simple but highly effective heuristic strategies are introduced. These include selecting the solver based on the definiteness properties of the preconditioner and automatic selection and tuning of incomplete factorization parameters. All three techniques have adaptive components; i.e., the preconditioner-solver combination chooses parameters or algorithmic components based on the properties of the coefficient matrix and its incomplete factors. Two of the three techniques are applicable to incomplete LU factorization for unsymmetric systems as well.
A nationwide survey of trauma center information technology leverage capacity for mental health comorbidity screening.

Background Despite evidence that electronic medical record (EMR) information technology innovations can enhance the quality of trauma center care, few investigations have systematically assessed United States (US) trauma center EMR capacity, particularly for screening of mental health comorbidities. Study Design Trauma programs at all US level I and II trauma centers were contacted and asked to complete a survey regarding health information technology (IT) and EMR capacity. Results Three hundred ninety-one of 525 (74%) US level I and II trauma centers responded to the survey. More than 90% of trauma centers reported the ability to create custom patient tracking lists in their EMR. Forty-seven percent of centers were interested in automating a blood alcohol content screening process; only 14% reported successfully using their EMR to perform this task. Marked variation was observed across trauma center sites with regard to the types of EMR systems used as well as rates of adoption and turnover of EMR systems. Conclusions Most US level I and II trauma centers have installed EMR systems; however, marked heterogeneity exists with regard to EMR type, available features, and turnover. A minority of centers have leveraged their EMR for screening of mental health comorbidities among trauma inpatients. Greater attention to effective EMR use is warranted from trauma accreditation organizations.
Economic Sentiments: Adam Smith, Condorcet, and the Enlightenment: Emma Rothschild, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 2000, 353 pages

In Economic Sentiments: Adam Smith, Condorcet, and the Enlightenment, Professor Emma Rothschild is writing about very familiar themes. In the first chapter, she states, “It is that some of the disp...
Geochemical factors influencing the production and transport of methylmercury in St. Louis River Estuary sediment

Abstract The production of methylmercury (MeHg), a bioaccumulative neurotoxin, in freshwater systems is primarily driven by naturally occurring sulfate reducing bacteria in anoxic sediment and waters. This research used laboratory microcosms to examine the influence of sulfate on MeHg production and partitioning in sulfate-impacted freshwater estuary sediment. A laboratory sulfate addition experiment exposed 20 cm diameter intact sediment cores with varying organic carbon content to sulfate concentrations in the overlying water ranging from 5 to 50 mg L−1. Results from the 6 month incubation suggest that net MeHg production in sediment from open-water areas of the St. Louis River Estuary was not directly related to overlying water sulfate. Mercury mobility, as indicated by porewater concentrations, appeared to be related to the quantity of organic carbon and sulfur in sediment. Laboratory flux estimates were consistent with porewater concentrations and provided a means to compare diffusion-driven MeHg loading from sediment to MeHg loading from upstream sources.
Assessments of Adolescent Language

I have stressed that language and learning disabilities that are exhibited in the preschool or elementary school years often persist into adolescence but that the characteristics and implications of these disabilities change with the preadolescent and adolescent transitions to metalinguistic maturity. As the student with language disabilities matures and as educational demands increase in complexity and in level of abstractness, the interactions between language and cognition become more apparent. Language disabilities of adolescents are often described in relation to observed deficits in the acquisition of content (semantics), form (morphology and syntax), and use (pragmatics). I have broadened this perspective to consider identification of metalinguistic strengths and/or deficits, deficits in the integration and organization of communication, reasoning and problem solving, and in conceptualization and creativity. Several assessment options were discussed, among them, norm-and criterion- referenced testing, language sample analysis, portfolio assessments of integrated communication, observational checklists and interviews, classroom language probes, and self-assessments. The perspectives taken for assessment have been that no single assessment option can satisfy all assessment objectives and/or constraints. I have also stressed that all tests are subject to measurement error and how to account for this error. Last, but not least, I have shared some of the voices of adolescents which express their perspectives and priorities.
Narrative processes across childhood

According to the narrative perspective on personality development, personality is constructed largely by interpreting and representing experience in story format (scripts) over the course of the lifespan. The focus of this paper is to describe briefly the narrative perspective on personality development during childhood and adolescence, to discuss the developmental processes underlying narrative construction and to point to research and policy arenas in which this perspective may serve to enhance our understanding of child development. It is suggested that the further incorporation of the narrative perspective into models of child development may substantially increase our understanding of many developmental processes.
Cutaneous Manifestations of Internal Diseases

One of the best-recognized cutaneous manifestations of internal disease includes the skin changes seen in endocrine diseases. Cutaneous manifestations of internal disease can also be seen with certain neoplastic processes. Metabolic disturbances in zinc, lipid metabolism, or increased amino acid catabolism can result in zinc-responsive dermatosis, cutaneous xanthomas, and superficial necrolytic dermatitis, respectively. Certain infectious diseases can result in skin lesions that may provide visual clues but also critical diagnostic information if the skin is biopsied and cultured. Recognizing those skin changes that are clinical markers for internal disease can expedite the diagnosis and timely management of several systemic diseases.
Wave-vector-dependent magnetic susceptibility of classical Heisenberg rings

We first extend previous results of G S Joyce so as to derive the exact wave-vector-dependent susceptibility for a ring of N classical Heisenberg spins with isotropic nearest-neighbour interactions. Our major result however is a simple, highly accurate, analytic approximation for which nevertheless preserves an associated sum rule over the Brillouin zone.