cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological Analysis of Emergent Public Health Events in Jinhua City Form 2004 to 2006

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of emergent public health events and to provide scientific evidences for effective prevention and control of emergent public health events.Methods A descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted based on the data of emergent public health events reported in Jinhua during the period of 2004～2006.Results A total of 47 emergent public health events were reported during this period.It was found that infectious disease outbreak and food poisoning were predominant,and most of them took place at countryside.The peak incidence occurred in March,June and August.The events mainly happened among the children aged 5 to 15 years,and students and peasants predominated in terms of occupation distribution.The sensibility and immediateness of emergent public health hazard monitoring report showed a trend of increase year by year.Conclusions Emergent public health events are badly endangering the health and safety of the residents in Jinhua City.Relevant prevention and control measures are put forward through this epidemiological analysis.
Intra-Industry Information Transfer Effects of Leading Firms’ Earnings Narratives

We investigate the narratives accompanying earnings announcements made by industry-leading companies (leaders) to determine whether there are information transfers for narratives in the same way there are for earnings announcements. For a group of industry-leading firms with quarterly losses, we find evidence that when their CEO attributes the company's poor performance to external causes (defensive attributions) or issues negative industry forecasts, the market’s reaction to industry followers is strongly more negative and more persistent than when the CEO issues internal attributions or positive industry forecasts. Our findings of a persistent price decline occur despite the subsequent release of positive earnings surprises by industry followers. Our results suggest that the market overreacts to the information in industry leaders’ narratives and followers’ stock prices suffer significant price declines that are only partially corrected. We characterize investors’ behavior as an overreaction potentially due to their attentional constraints.
Beyond #TheNew10 - The Case for a Citizens Currency Advisory Committee

On April 20, 2016, ten months after promising to place a woman’s portrait on the $10 bill, Treasury Secretary Jacob J. Lew announced sweeping design changes in American currency. Citizens have been asking for these types of changes for at least 95 years, and we hope that Treasury will bring them to fruition rapidly. Until now, the portraiture and imagery featured on American currency has consistently asserted and reified the singular importance of one type of American: White, male politicians and statesmen, largely from the executive branch. This article explores the administrative framework that has enabled these representational shortcomings to persist as long as they have. From the beginning, the process for designing federal paper money has been characterized by arbitrary and arguably autocratic decision-making and resistance to open processes that consider the creativity and insights of the public. The way that Treasury approached its announcement was fraught with challenges for those citizens trying to have their voices heard in what they believed should be an authentic democratic process. It took a small, private organization, Women On 20s, to highlight this fact for the country - an organization that deserves pages in Treasury’s history books. After reviewing the history of the Treasury Department’s role in the design of currency - and coinage - and compare it with that of other agencies tasked with choosing the people and events worthy of commemoration. We argue that for an alternative process for future currency design that will permit meaningful citizen input. This article also answers the question of when and how the decision was made to put Andrew Jackson on the $20 bill.
Obese 11-month-old female with round facies.

1. Nancy L. Beck, MD* 2. Alba E. Morales, MD† 3. R.F. Buchmann, DO‡ 4. R.J. Birusingh, DO§ 1. *Assistant Professor, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX. 2. †Associate Professor, Division of Diabetes and Endocrine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR. 3. ‡Assistant Professor, Radiology and Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR. 4. §Assistant Professor, Pediatric Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR. An 11-month-old girl presents to the clinic for a mild respiratory illness. Her parents also voice concern about their daughter’s appearance and offer a photograph of her taken at age 9 months (Fig 1). Both parents are slim and healthy. Figure 1. The patient at age 9 months. On examination, the infant is noted to have a round face, generalized fine body hair, acne, and central obesity (Fig 2). She currently weighs 9.6 kg (50th percentile for age), her length is 69 cm (10th percentile), and her head circumference is 43 cm (10th percentile). She was born by uncomplicated vaginal delivery having a birthweight of 3.125 kg (25th percentile) and a length of 48 cm (75th percentile). Review of the girl’s growth curves reveals the absence of linear growth during the previous month (Fig 3). Figure 2. The patient at age 11 months. Figure 3. Growth chart reveals cessation of linear growth. The child’s vital signs are normal for her age. She has mild nasal congestion. Her genitalia appear normal, but her neurologic examination shows delayed gross motor skills. She is able to pull to stand but does not cruise or walk. Based on a suspected diagnosis, the patient undergoes several laboratory examinations. Midnight salivary cortisol levels were 29.2 nmol/L (reference <0.3–4.3) and 33.4 nmol/L on consecutive nights. An overnight dexamethasone (0.3 mg/m2) suppression test revealed an 8 am serum cortisol level of 25.4 μg/dL (701 nmol/L) (reference <3 μg/dL or 83 nmol/L). The plasma cortisol concentration at 4 pm was 29.4 μg/dL (811 nmol/L). The results of renal and thyroid function tests were normal. Serum corticotropin levels obtained on two occasions were …
Quantitative recovery of Listeria monocytogenes and select salmonella serotypes from environmental sample media.

Environmental sampling has become increasingly important in the food industry for monitoring the presence of specific pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enterica. Several microbiological media are available for storage and transport of environmental samples from the processing plant to the test laboratory. In this study, we quantified the survival of L. monocytogenes, S. Typhimurium, S. Enteritidis, and S. Typhi in environmental sampling media over several time and temperature combinations to determine optimum conditions for transport and storage. A cocktail of L. monocytogenes strains and Salmonella serotypes was separately added to tubes of Dey-Engley (D/E) Neutralizing Broth, Copan SRK solution, and Neutralizing Buffer and incubated at either –4, 4, 10, or 15C. Counts were made of the bacterial load after 0, 12, 24, and 48 h. Neutralizing Buffer and Copan SRK solution were best at maintaining bacterial concentrations at all temperatures. D/E Neutralizing Broth, at 10 and 15C, allowed significant bacterial growth. This study helped validate the use of these 3 media for environmental sample transport and storage at cold holding temperatures and demonstrated that, at elevated temperatures (>4C), it is preferable to use Neutralizing Buffer or Copan SRK solution for quantifying microbial recovery. E nvironmental sampling is a very important tool for studying the source, level, and dispersion of microbiological contamination in a defined area or facility. Two major microbial pathogens of concern in the food industry are Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. These 2 pathogens can be found in food processing facilities and are major concerns for public health officials. In the food industry, environmental sampling has become a common method for detecting microbial pathogens such as
Bortezomib treatment sensitizes oncolytic HSV-1 treated tumors to NK cell immunotherapy

Background: Both the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib and an oncolytic herpes simplex virus-1 (oHSV) expressing GMCSF are currently FDA-approved. While proteasome blockade can increase oHSV replication, immunological consequences and consequent immunotherapy potential are unknown. In this study, we investigated the impact of bortezomib combined with oHSV on tumor cell death and sensitivity to Natural Killier (NK) cell immunotherapy. Experimental Design: Western blot, flow cytometry, and caspase 3/7 activity assays were used to evaluate the induction of apoptosis/autophagy and/or necroptotic cell death. Cellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured utilizing CellROX{trade mark, serif} and MitoSOX. Inhibitors/shRNA targeting ROS, JNK and RIP1 kinase (RIPK1) were utilized to investigate the mechanism of cell killing. The synergistic interaction between oHSV and bortezomib was calculated using a Chou-Talalay analysis. NK cells isolated from normal human blood were co-cultured with tumor cells to evaluate cellular interactions. Q-PCR, ELISA, and FACS analysis were used to evaluate NK cell activation. Intracranial tumor xenografts were utilized to evaluate anti-tumor efficacy. Results: Combination treatment with bortezomib and oHSV induced necroptotic cell death and increased the production of mitochondrial ROS and JNK phosphorylation. Inhibitors/shRNA of RIPK1 and JNK rescued synergistic cell killing. Combination treatment also significantly enhanced NK cell activation and adjuvant NK cell therapy of mice treated with bortezomib and oHSV improved anti-tumor efficacy. Conclusions: This study provides a significant rationale for triple combination therapy with bortezomib, oHSV, and NK cells to improve efficacy, in glioblastoma patients.
The Effects of Immunosuppressive and Cytotoxic Drugs on the Heart

Antiinflammatory therapy is the principal therapy for most rheumatic diseases with the primary therapeutic goal being to reduce the destructive effects of the inflammatory process without causing systemic side effects due to overimmunosuppression. The heart is one of the primary organs affected by the side effects of these agents through both direct (myocardial injury) and indirect (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, etc.) actions that can result in myocardial injury in a number of different ways. Cyclophosphamide has direct cardiotoxic effects and can result in heart failure. Prednisone has secondary side effects including hypertension and hyperlipidemia, which can cause and/or accelerate coronary artery disease, and if a myocardial infarction happens can result in heart failure due to ischemic injury. Conversely, prednisone and other agents are often used for the therapy of inflammatory processes of the heart and in that setting can actually preserve left ventricular function and result in an improvement in ejection fraction. Finally, cyclosporine, which was the principal immunosuppressive agent responsible for the vast increase in organ transplantation, has resulted in many patients undergoing heart transplantation safely that otherwise would never have received a heart. This chapter will review the positive and negative cardiac properties of the traditional antiinflammatory agents prednisone, azathioprine, methotrexate, cyclosporine, and cyclophosphamide.
MMPI Characteristics of Freshmen Entering College

Although college students as a group are known to produce profile elevations different from other groups such as the Minnesota “normals” used in the construction of the MMPI, a thorough delineation of the differences is not available. Previous reports of collegiate profiles contain limitations which serve to decrease their meaningfulness. All incoming freshmen at the University of Alabama in 1965 were administered the MMPI as part of a routine counseling battery before school began. This provided a sample of 1,538 males and 1,173 females; one of the largest single samplings reported to date. All protocols were included regardless of scores on validity scales. Means, standard deviations, and standard error of the means were presented along with the frequencies of two and three point codes. The Multiphasic profile obtained from entering college freshmen in the Southeastern United States is no diffrent from that seen in other geographical regions.
Designer matter: Fascinating interactions of light and sound with metamaterials

Metamaterials are artificial materials with emerging physical properties that go well beyond those of their individual constituents, providing interesting opportunities to tailor interactions between waves and matter. This article provides an overview of recent research activity in electromagnetics, nano-optics, acoustics and mechanics, showing how suitably tailored meta-elements and their arrangements open exciting venues to manipulate and control waves in unprecedented ways. Theoretical and experimental efforts to realize metamaterials for scattering suppression, nanostructures and metasurfaces to control wave propagation and radiation, large nonreciprocity in bulk materials without magnetism, giant nonlinear responses in properly tailored metasurfaces, and metasurfaces with balanced loss and gain are discussed. Physical insights into the exotic phenomena behind the metamaterial responses, new devices based on these concepts, and their impact on technology are also discussed.
Vasiliev and the Foundations of Logic

Nikolai Vasiliev offered a systematic approach to the development of a class of non-classical logics, which he called “Imaginary Logics”. In this paper, I examine critically some of the central features of Vasiliev’s approach to logical theory, suggesting its relevance to contemporary debates in the philosophy of logic. I argue that there is much of significant value in Vasiliev’s work, which deserves close philosophical engagement.
A resocialization intervention model in the prison - the family: people helping people project

The Bahamas is suffering from a serious social fragmentation process due to the cocaine crisis of the rsquo s and its continuing sequelae Burgeoning murder and violent crime rates associated with family and community disintegration have led to the incarceration of many young persons The Family People Helping People Project is a community based intervention designed to confront social fragmentation and promote re socialization among the inmates at the Bahamas Department of Corrections The method used is a dynamic supportive group process involving storytelling personal reflection and transformation based on the psychotherapeutic principles of the Contemplative Discovery Pathway Theory CDPT Since the program rsquo s inception there have been group sessions A thematic analysis of these sessions indicates the four most common themes were violence anger revenge and addiction The thematic analysis of the Prison group described in this paper indicates the depths of negativity of shame but also provides hope for Resocialization and preparation for the inmates to live a meaningful and crime free community life upon their release This paper discusses the Resocialization process of a group of inmates who attended the program for three years
Line-to-Line Reaming of Highly Porous Acetabular Components Improves Position and Reduces Variability of Component Placement

Accurate and precise acetabular component position in total hip arthroplasty remains challenging even for experienced, high-volume surgeons. Some variability may result from the press-fit technique of cementless components and maybe magnified by the use of highly porous cups with high-friction surfaces. The purpose of this study is to investigate the acetabular component positioning of a hemispherical, highly porous cup with line-to-line reaming compared with press-fit techniques. A retrospective cohort study was performed of 110 consecutive primary total hip arthroplasties performed by a single surgeon using a highly porous acetabular component. Half of the patients had the component implanted with a line-to-line reaming technique and the other half were implanted using a 1 mm press-fit technique. Postoperative radiographs were evaluated for component positioning and loosening at a minimum of 1 year postoperatively by two independent surgeons. Records were reviewed for subsequent surgery. There were no differences between the groups with respect to age, sex, body mass index, operative side, or acetabular component size. The press-fit group had an average abduction angle of 49.4 ± 5° and anteversion of 20.6 ± 7°. The line-to-line group had an average abduction angle of 45.02° [standard deviation (SD) 4.58] and anteversion of 25.42° (SD 4.44) and were statistically different from the press-fit group ( p p
Drought-sensitivity of fine dust in the US Southwest: implications for air quality and public health under future climate change.

We investigate the present-day sensitivity of fine dust levels in the U.S. Southwest to regional drought conditions and use the observed relationships to assess future changes in fine dust levels and associated health impacts under climate change. Empirical Orthogonal Function analysis reveals that the most dominant mode of fine dust interannual variability for each season consists of a pattern of large-scale co-variability across the Southwest. This mode is strongly correlated to the Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) accumulated over 1-6 months in local and surrounding regions spanning the major North American deserts. Across the seasons, a unit decrease in 2-month SPEI averaged over the U.S. Southwest and northern Mexico is significantly associated with increases in Southwest fine dust of 0.22-0.43 μg mlsupg-3l/supg. We apply these sensitivities to statistically downscaled meteorological output from 22 climate models following two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs), and project future increases in seasonal mean fine dust of 0.04-0.10 μg mlsupg-3l/supg (5-8%) under RCP2.6 and 0.15-0.55 μg mlsupg-3l/supg (26-46%) under RCP8.5 relative to the present-day (2076-2095 vs. 1996-2015). Combined with the same projections of future population and baseline incidence rates, annual premature mortality attributable to fine dust exposure could increase by 140 (24%) deaths under RCP2.6 and 750 (130%) deaths under RCP8.5 for adults aged ≥30 years, and annual hospitalizations due to cardiovascular and respiratory illnesses could increase by 170 (59%) admissions under RCP2.6 and 860 (300%) admissions under RCP8.5 for adults aged ≥65 years in the Southwest relative to the present-day. Our results highlight a climate penalty that has important socioeconomic and policy implications for the U.S. Southwest but is not yet widely recognized.
Targeting body dissatisfaction among women with overweight or obesity: A proof-of-concept pilot study.

Objective This proof-of-concept study was designed to replicate the effects of the empirically-supported Body Project intervention on body dissatisfaction when combined with behavioral recommendations for weight loss among women with overweight or obesity. Method Women with overweight or obesity who reported body dissatisfaction and a desire to lose weight were randomized to one of two 4-week treatment conditions. Individuals assigned to the standard group (n = 15) were directed to track diet and activity level daily. Body project (n = 17) participants tracked daily diet and activity, in addition to attending four weekly, group-based body project intervention sessions. Body mass index, body dissatisfaction, body appreciation, and internalization of thin ideal and weight stigma were evaluated before and after the treatment period. Results Feasibility data suggest the Body Project can be implemented with this novel sample. Preliminary estimates suggest greater effects on body appreciation in the Body Project group than in the standard group (ES = 0.43), but no group effects for other body image variables. Conclusions With minor modifications, the Body Project was successfully implemented among women with overweight or obesity. The effect on body appreciation is encouraging and worthy of further investigation. Modification to the intervention may be necessary to enhance treatment effects on other body image variables.
Thermal Conductivity and Thermal Diffusivity of Selected Carbon Steels, Chromium Steels, Nickel Steels, and Stainless Steels

The available data and information on the thermal conductivity and the thermal diffusivity of selected carbon steels, chromium steels, nickel steels, and stainless steels have been searched, compiled, and evaluated. Through the analysis and synthesis of the fragmentary data and information, preliminary recommended values have been generated over the temperature range from room temperature to about 1150 K, which are presented in this paper in graphical form. Estimated values have been synthesized for those steels and temperature ranges for which no data are available.
The effects of various indwelling ureteral catheter materials on the normal canine ureter.

Abstract In an attempt to objectively evaluate the biocompatibility of materials commonly used for ureteral stenting, stent-catheters made of four different materials were placed randomly in 31 ureters of 19 mongrel dogs. Animals underwent urography at four weeks and were sacrificed at six weeks. Mild hydronephrosis was noted in eight instances, essentially unrelated to specific material. Silicone, C-flex and polyurethane stents caused a similar, mild degree of ureteral edema, but ureters stented with Silitek demonstrated fairly marked edema. Epithelial ulceration and erosion, often severe, occurred with all polyurethane stents, and rarely with the three other materials. All materials differed statistically from controls, and C-flex caused less reaction overall than polyurethane, indicating differences in biocompatibility of the various materials which may be relevant to their use in patients undergoing long-term ureteral stenting. In practical terms, these results suggest that certain materials, notably silicone and C-flex, are more suitable for ureteral stenting than others.
Polymorphic radios: a new design paradigm for ultra-low power communication

Duty-cycling has emerged as the predominant method for optimizing power consumption of low-power radios, particularly for sensors that transmit sporadically in small bursts. But duty-cycling is a poor fit for applications involving high-rate sensor data from wearable sensors such as IMUs, microphones, and imagers that need to stream data to the cloud to execute sophisticated machine learning models. We argue that there is significant room to optimize low-power radios if we can take advantage of channel dynamics in short-range settings. However, we face challenges in designing radios that are efficient at power levels between μWs and mWs to take advantage of periods of good signal strength and nimble to deal with highly dynamic channels resulting from body movements. To achieve this, we propose radio polymorphism, a radio architecture with tightly integrated passive and active components that allows us to turn high channel dynamics to our advantage. We leverage passive modes in myriad ways within the network stack, from minimizing data transfer and control overheads to improving rate selection and enabling channel-aware opportunistic transmission. We instantiate our design in a full hardware-software prototype, Morpho, and demonstrate up to an order of improvement in efficiency across diverse scenarios and applications.
Micromechanics and Macromechanics of the Tensile Deformation of Nacre

This paper investigated the mechanics of nacre using a micromechanical representative volume element model, where the protein-rich organic matrix is modeled by a recently developed finite deformation constitutive model that accounts for the unfolding of protein molecules in the organic matrix. Numerical simulations of tensile deformation showed that in the presence of unfolding in the organic matrix, the macroscopic stress-strain behavior demonstrated nonlinear behavior with an initial linear elastic region followed by an apparent ‘yield’ stress. This yield was due to triggering unfolding events in the organic layers normal to the applied tension and corresponded to a mitigation of load transfer to the aragonite tablets, thus preventing the stress levels in the aragonite from reaching fracture level conditions. As macroscopic strain continued to increase, the macroscopic post-yield behavior showed strain hardening. This hardening behavior was due to shear in the organic layers that transferred load to the tablets via the well-known shear lag load transfer mechanism in fiber and platelet reinforced composites. It is noted that this is a preliminary study where the simplified micromechanical model presented here captures the basic structural features of nacre and revealed new understanding of the role of the organic matrix softening mechanisms in controlling load transfer at the microscopic lengthscale. More detailed models which consider the three-dimensional and the random distribution of the tablet and mortar structure are currently under investigation.
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia: Physiological Basis, Quantitative Methods, and Clinical Implications

Of the many observable physiological oscillations, the oscillations in the heart rate pattern associated with respiration (i.e. respiratory sinus arrhythmia) are the most relevant to psychophysiological research. The use of respiratory sinus arrhythmia in psychophysiological research may be justified by the facts that: (1) neurophysiology justifies the measurement of the amplitude of respiratory sinus arrhythmia as an index of cardiac vagal tone; (2) the amplitude of respiratory sinus arrhythmia indexes general central nervous system status; and (3) the changing amplitude of respiratory sinus arrhythmia parallels psychological constructs often used in psychophysiological paradigms such as sustained attention and stress.
Ecological Aspects of Methane Oxidation, a Key Determinant of Global Methane Dynamics

Methane oxidation became a subject of scientific inquiry when Alessandro Volta observed in 1776 that gas bubbles collected from a pond were combustible. Methane was subsequently exploited as a source of heat and light. However, in spite of its commercial significance, the biological and ecological aspects of methane oxidation were largely ignored until the pioneering work of Sohngen (1906), who first isolated methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB). [Quayle (1987) notes that Lowe probably isolated the first MOB in 1892 without recognizing their ability to oxidize methane.] Little additional progress was made until the 1960s, at which time the systematic efforts of several groups provided methodological tools and details on the taxonomy, physiology, and biochemistry of C1 metabolism. Aside from purely academic motivations, this work was stimulated by: (1) the potential use of methanotrophic bacteria as sources of “single cell protein”; (2) the role of methylotrophic bacteria in food spoilage; (3) the possible use of methanotrophs in the bioremediation of certain halogenated organic pollutants or as agents for commercial biotransformations (Higgins et al., 1980). Ecological studies were slower in development, but a number of important observations established the ubiquity of methanotrophs, the impact of methane oxidation in freshwater and some marine systems, and the potential for anaerobic as well as aerobic methane oxidation (see Hanson, 1980, and Rudd and Taylor, 1980, for earlier reviews).
Institutional development and good governance in the highway sector : learning from Gujarat

The World Bank financed the Gujarat State Highway Project (GSHP) during 2001-07. The project development objective was to enhance the capacity of the Government of Gujarat (GOG) for effective and efficient planning and management of road infrastructure, while concurrently maximizing existing road infrastructure asset productivity through priority investments and increased maintenance funding. The project not only achieved its objective and targets successfully, but also was implemented with a significant cost reduction (about 23 percent). The GSHP resulted in a reduction in the backlog of major maintenance and an improved network to meet rapidly growing transport demand in the state. The project had the unique distinction of no contract disputes, a rarity among the highway development projects in India. The project also set best practices in developing and managing a very comprehensive asset management system, state of the art quality assurance framework and a very comprehensive training and capacity building program. The annual road sector allocation has grown from USD 30 million in 1995-1996 to an impressive USD 610 million in 2010-11, currently the second largest among all the Indian states. This study attempts to identify the key elements of the Gujarat road sector reforms and explores whether and, if so, how such reforms can be replicated across other Indian states and possibly even in other countries in the region.
A novel statistical model for predicting matrix cracking in high temperature polymer composite laminates

This paper studied the progressive matrix cracking in high temperature polymer composite laminates that could be used for next generation high speed transport airframe structures and aircraft engine components exposed to elevated temperatures. Damage mechanisms of matrix cracking were identified by X-ray radiography at room temperature and in-test photography technique at high temperature. It was found that the non-deterministic scenario is always involved in the procedure of transverse matrix cracking. Monte Carlo simulations using experimentally obtained materials properties were applied to simulate the multiple transverse cracking and compared with the experiment data. Finally, a novel statistical model combining Weibull theory with shear lag model was proposed to predict the matrix cracking based upon the previously obtained probability density function of crack spacing. It is shown that the predictions of this statistical model agree well with the experimental results and can be used to have an in-depth understanding of the random matrix cracking problem in composite laminates.
Monitoring of Neurocognitive Function in the Care of Patients with Brain Tumors

A detailed characterization of the nature of neurocognitive impairment in patients with brain tumors is provided, as well as considerations for clinical practice regarding neuropsychological assessment throughout the disease course. Neurocognitive impairment is common in patients with brain tumors and may result from the tumor itself, as a consequence of treatment, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation, or in association with supportive care medications (e.g., anticonvulsant and pain medications). Serial surveillance of neurocognitive functioning in this population can facilitate medical decision-making and inform recommendations to improve patient daily functioning and quality of life. Neuropsychological assessment is increasingly recognized as a critical component of the multidisciplinary care of patients with brain tumors and has already had practice-changing effects. Further understanding of genetic risk factors for neurocognitive decline along with the development of novel assessment and intervention strategies may further enhance functioning and general well-being in this patient population.
Integral Transforms of Distribution Densities

Analytical tractability is a desirable property of stochastic stock price models. Informally speaking, a stochastic model is analytically tractable if various important characteristics of the model can be represented explicitly or asymptotically in terms of standard functions of mathematical analysis. Classical stochastic volatility models (Hull-White, Stein-Stein, Heston) are analytically tractable. In this chapter, explicit formulas are obtained for Laplace transforms of mixing densities and Mellin transforms of stock price densities in classical stochastic volatility models. For example, an alternative proof of an explicit formula for the Laplace transform of the distribution density of an integrated geometric Brownian motion due to L. Alili and J.C. Gruet is given. Chapter 4 also contains an explicit formula for the stock price density in the correlated Hull-White model with driftless volatility obtained by Y. Maghsoodi. In addition, Chap. 4 provides explicit formulas for the Mellin transform of the stock price density in the correlated Heston and Stein-Stein models.
"The Togetherness that We Crave": Experiencing Social VR in Long Distance Relationships

In this paper we explore the possibility to leverage the emerging social VR platforms in hopes of addressing the limitations in prior work concerning design technologies to support Long Distance Relationships. Using 650 social media posts and comments, we present three themes emerging in long distance couples' experiences of social VR applications. This study represents our first endeavor to explore how engaging with social VR affects some of the deepest and most meaningful aspects of human experiences such as romantic relationships and emotional connections, so as to inform the design of more socially and emotionally satisfactory VR systems in the future.
Purification of Poly-dA Oligonucleotides and mRNA-protein Fusions with dT25-OAS Resin

Abstract Solid-phase resins functionalized with poly-deoxythymidine (dT) oligos facilitate purification of poly-adenylated molecules from solution through high affinity, high selectivity base-pairing interactions. These resins are commonly used to purify messenger RNA (mRNA) from complex biological mixtures as well as mRNA-protein fusion molecules for mRNA Display selections. Historically, dT-conjugated cellulose was the primary resin for poly-dA purification, but its scarcity has prompted the development of alternative resins, most notably dT-functionalized magnetic beads. In order to develop a cost-effective alternative to commercially available poly-dT resins for large-scale purifications of mRNA-protein fusions, we investigated the purification properties of dT25-conjugated Oligo Affinity Support resin (dT25-OAS) alongside poly-dT14 magnetic beads and dT25-cellulose. dT25-OAS was found to have the highest dA21 oligo binding capacity at 4 pmol/µg, followed by dT14-magnetic beads (1.1 pmol/µg) and dT25-cellulose (0.7 pmol/µg). To determine the resin specificity in the context of a complex biological mixture, we translated mRNA-protein fusions consisting of a radiolabeled Her2 affibody fused to its encoding mRNA. Commercial dT25-cellulose showed the highest mRNA-affibody purification specificity, followed by dT25-OAS and dT14-magnetic beads. Overall, dT25-OAS showed exceptionally high binding capacity and low background binding, making it an attractive alternative for large-scale mRNA purification and mRNA Display library enrichment.
P102 Development of a Stage of Change Algorithm for Environmentally-Conscious Protein Choices

Background Stage of Change (SOC)-based interventions have been effective for behavior change but few have been developed to assess sustainable eating behavior. No algorithm assessing motivational readiness to make environmentally-conscious protein choices has been previously developed. Objective To develop a SOC algorithm for environmentally-conscious protein (ECP) choices. Study Design, Setting, Participants Development was initiated using a cross-sectional survey of participants (n = 400) enrolled in introductory classes. Participants ranged from 18-24 years old and received extra credit for completion. The ECP SOC algorithm was recoded for this study categorizing participants as pre- or post-action. Measurable Outcome/Analysis ECP groups were compared using chi-square and t-tests for animal protein (AP) consumption, attitude toward food and long-term health impact (LTH), green eating SOC (GE), attitude toward plant-based foods (PBF), and attitude toward the impact of meat on the environment (MOE). Results Participants were predominantly white (83%), female (80%) and averaged 19 ± 1.2 years. Most participants (70%) were in pre-action stages for ECP. Fifty-seven percent in pre-action consumed AP 4-6 days a week vs 41% of those in post-action (P Conclusions The ECP SOC algorithm successfully distinguished pre- and post-action stages by behavior and attitudes. The consistency of these results with previous research provides support for the continued development of the ECP SOC algorithm. Future research is needed to validate this algorithm and to determine if it can be used for interventions to facilitate behavior change.
Halogen exposure injury in the developing lung

Owing to a high-volume industrial usage of the halogens chlorine (Cl2 ) and bromine (Br2 ), they are stored and transported in abundance, creating a risk for accidental or malicious release to human populations. Despite extensive efforts to understand the mechanisms of toxicity upon halogen exposure and to develop specific treatments that could be used to treat exposed individuals or large populations, until recently, there has been little to no effort to determine whether there are specific features and or the mechanisms of halogen exposure injury in newborns or children. We established a model of neonatal halogen exposure and published our initial findings. In this review, we aim to contrast and compare the findings in neonatal mice exposed to Br2 with the findings published on adult mice exposed to Br2 and the neonatal murine models of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Despite remarkable similarities across these models in overall alveolar architecture, there are distinct functional and apparent mechanistic differences that are characteristic of each model. Understanding the mechanistic and functional features that are characteristic of the injury process in neonatal mice exposed to halogens will allow us to develop countermeasures that are appropriate for, and effective in, this unique population.
Life's Simple 7 and Incident Hypertension: The REGARDS Study.

Background The Life’s Simple 7 (LS7) metric incorporates health behaviors (body mass index, diet, smoking, physical activity) and health factors (blood pressure, cholesterol, glucose) to estimate a...
Examination of the Wrist.

Learning objectives After reading this article and reviewing the supplemental videos, the participant should be able to: 1. Identify common wrist conditions that may be encountered on evaluation. 2. Describe provocative maneuvers used to confirm a diagnosis of wrist disorder. 3. Develop a systematic approach to examination of the wrist. 4. Determine appropriate diagnostic maneuvers for radial, central, and ulnar wrist pain. Summary The wrist is a complex structure, and providers caring for hand and upper extremity conditions need to have an understanding of the wrist examination and provocative maneuvers for conditions that are encountered. Fractures, tendonitis, arthritis, and instabilities are all commonly encountered, and the provider should have an idea of the diagnosis based on clinical examination and use imaging as needed to confirm or stage a diagnosis.
Strengthening Transition Partnerships Through Community Conversation Events

Strong collaborations are critical to successful youth transitions. Preparing students with disabilities for life after high school requires extensive partnerships within and beyond the school. How...
Promoting Regulatory Prediction

It is essential for environmental protection that private actors be able to anticipate government regulation. If, for instance, the Biden Administration is planning to tighten regulations of greenhouse gas emissions, it is imperative that private companies anticipate this regulatory change now, not a few years from now after they have constructed even more coal- and gas-fired power plants. Those additional power plants will mean more irreversible greenhouse gases, and they can be politically challenging to shutter once built. The point is general to private actors making decisions in the shadow of potential government regulation. Better information about future government actions is thus critical, for the benefit of both private actors and society at large. In this Article, we consider market-based and non-market-based means by which to generate information about future government action. We find no perfect answer. We consider three market-based solutions—prediction markets, the use of equity markets to hedge against future government action, and machine-learning and predictive technologies—and three government-based solutions—greater transparency, the development of intellectual property rights in predictive information, and prediction-forcing regulation, which is regulation that requires private actors to make public predictions about future government action. None of these is a panacea. The market-based solutions founder on the limitations and thinness of markets. Government-based solutions come with significant structural downsides related to the division of authority among different levels of government (federal versus state versus local) and different branches of government at each level (executive versus legislative). We conclude that prediction-forcing regulation may be the most promising avenue, though it too is likely not a full solution.
Operative Details of Laparoscopic Rectal Resection for Cancer

Laparoscopic proctectomy for cancer presents several technical challenges due to the bony confines of the pelvis, close proximity of adjacent structures, potential for large tumors, and limitations of currently available technology. By understanding the anatomy and utilizing a stepwise, reproducible technique, you can minimize the inherent difficulty and potential pitfalls associated with this procedure. In this chapter, I will describe a technique of laparoscopic proctectomy, highlight potential challenges you may encounter, and outline strategies to deal with them.
The Impact of Service Satisfaction, Relational Satisfaction and Commitment on Customer Loyalty in Logistics Outsourcing Relationship

This research explores the impact of service satisfaction, relational satisfaction, price satisfaction, and commitment on customer loyalty in logistics outsourcing relationships in Indian scenario. 254 users of logistics services from India were selected for investigating the potential linkages among the aforementioned satisfaction aspects and loyalty. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to test the reliability and validity of the measurement and structural model developed to study the relationship among the linkages. Findings from the study supports that logistics service satisfaction, price satisfaction, relational satisfaction and commitment do influence loyalty positively. The analysis suggests that service satisfaction is the most important antecedent having primary influence in the formation of customer loyalty. Service satisfaction also has secondary influence on loyalty by acting as a strong driver in both relational satisfaction and commitment aspects of the service dimensions. Price satisfaction though positively been driven by service satisfaction, was found to have less significant effect as a predictor of loyalty in this context. The present study suggests that relational satisfaction is the second major predictor of loyalty which also drives commitment. This research is not an end-point but an attempt to establish the linkages and the effect among the antecedents driving the building and retention of good buyer-seller relationship in logistics outsourcing.
Sociolinguistics and Language Education

Introduction: Sociolinguistics and Language Education - Nancy H. Hornberger and Sandra Lee McKayLANGUAGE AND IDEOLOGYLanguage and Ideologies - Mary E. McGroartyLanguage, Power and Pedagogies - Hilary JanksNationalism, Identity and Popular Culture - Alastair PennycookLANGUAGE AND SOCIETYEnglish as an International Language - Sandra Lee McKayMultilingualism and Codeswitching in Education - Nkonko M. KamwangamaluLanguage Policy and Planning - Joseph Lo BiancoLANGUAGE AND VARIATIONStyle and Styling - Jurgen JaspersCritical Language Awareness - H. Samy Alim Pidgins and Creoles - Jeff SiegelLANGUAGE AND LITERACYCross-cultural Perspectives on Writing: Contrastive Rhetoric - Ryuko KubotaSociolinguistics, Language Teaching and New Literacy Studies - Brian Street and Constant LeungMultimodal Literacy in Language Classrooms - Viniti Vaish and Phillip A. Towndrow LANGUAGE AND IDENTITYLanguage and Identity - Bonny NortonGender Identities in Language Education - Christina HigginsLanguage and Ethnicity - Angela ReyesLanguage Socialization - Patricia A. DuffLANGUAGE AND INTERACTIONLanguage and Culture - Gabriele Kasper and Makoto OmoriConversation Analysis - Jack Sidnell Classroom Discourse Analysis: A Focus on Communicative Repertoires - Betsy RymesLANGUAGE AND EDUCATIONLanguage and Education: A Limpopo Lens - Nancy H. Hornberger
On quasinormal subgroups. II

A subgroup was defined by O. Ore to be quasinormal in a group if it permuted with all subgroups of the group, and he proved [5] that such a subgroup is subnormal (= subinvariant = accessible) in a finite group. Finite groups in which all subgroups are quasinormal were classified by K. Iwasawa [3], and more recently N. Ito and J. Szep [2] and the author [1] proved that a quasi-normal subgroup is an extension of a normal subgroup by a nilpotent group. Similar results were obtained by O. Kegel [4] and in [1] for subgroups which permute not necessarily with all subgroups but with those having some special property.
Extended another memory: understanding everyday lives in ubiquitous sensor environments

A lifetime recording agent that suggests unusual events to a user is proposed. The goal is to create a memory device that supports human memory by filtering, categorizing, and remembering everyday events. In ubiquitous sensor environments, the agent classifies users’ experiences represented by surrounding objects and predicts typical events that a user will experience next. Unusual events are detected by the awareness of different characteristics as the human brain does. If the prediction is incorrect, the actual event is considered to be unusual. A recurrent neural network that autonomously alters its architecture is introduced to perform event prediction. Experiments confirm: (1) a suitable hierarchical level of event categories for a current situation can be obtained by estimating the event prediction performance, that is, the recall rate and (2) rehearsal sequences dynamically generated by the network can substitute for a sequence of actual events. Thus, the agent easily responds to new environments without forgetting previous memories.
Work and family roles of women: sources of stress and coping strategies.

Women's lives are affected by the roles they assume, as well as when and in what sequence and combination they assume these roles. This study described the daily stressors and coping strategies reported by women with differing work and family role configurations. Ninety‐two women representing four common typologies of multiple roles (married working mothers, single working mothers, married workers without children, and homemakers) reported daily hassles and their responses to these hassles in a health diary. The predominant type of hassles reported was related to the self, including physical and emotional symptoms, unfulfilled expectations, and doubts. The major response to hassles was doing nothing, followed by problem solving. While there were no significant differences in the incidence of daily hassles among the four groups, types of hassles and coping responses differed in rank when compared among the four groups.