cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
ALTERNATING EULER SUMS AND SPECIAL VALUES OF THE WITTEN MULTIPLE ZETA FUNCTION ATTACHED TO

Abstract. In this note we shall study the Witten multiple zeta function associated to the Lie algebraso(5) deﬁned by Matsumoto. Our main result shows that its special values at nonnegative integersare always expressible by alternating Euler sums. More precisely, every such special value of weightw ≥ 3 is a ﬁnite rational linear combination of alternating Euler sums of weight w and depth at mosttwo, except when the only nonzero argument is one of the two last variables in which case ζ(w −1) isneeded.1. IntroductionThe Witten multiple zeta function associated to the Lie algebra so(5) is deﬁned by Matsumoto asfollows:ζ so(5) (s 1 ,...,s 4 ) =X ∞m,n=1 1m s 1 n s 2 (m+n) s 3 (m +2n) s 4 , (1)which converges whenever ℜ(s 1 +s 3 +s 4 ) > 1, ℜ(s 2 + s 3 + s 4 ) > 1 and ℜ(s 1 + s 2 + s 3 +s 4 ) > 2. Wecall s 1 +s 2 +s 3 +s 4 the weight. Essouabri [2] and Matsumoto [9] have deﬁned more general multiplezeta functions and studied their analytic continuations. However, the function in (1) itself alreadygeneralizes both the zeta function ζ
Tissue-specific chromatin structure of the phenobarbital- responsive unit and proximal promoter of CYP2B1/2 and modulation by phenobarbital

Phenobarbital induction of transcription of CYP2B genes is mediated by an enhancer, termed a phenobarbital responsive unit (PBRU), approximately 2000 bp 5' of the transcription start site. To further delineate the mechanism of phenobarbital induction, protein binding in native chromatin and the nucleosomal structure of the PBRU and proximal promoter were examined in liver and kidney, in which the CYP2B1/2 genes are expressed and not expressed, respectively. Protein binding to the PBRU in kidney chromatin was not detected even though in vitro DNase I footprints were not detectably different with nuclear extracts from liver and kidney. Likewise, protein binding to regulatory motifs was not detected in the proximal promoter region in kidney chromatin. In liver chromatin, however, DNase I hypersensitivity and partial protection of the regulatory motifs from DNase I digestion or reaction with dimethyl sulfate was observed and phenobarbital treatment increased the hypersensitivity but only modestly affected protection. Low resolution Southern analysis of micrococcal nuclease-digested chromatin from untreated rats revealed micrococcal nuclease hypersensitive regions in the proximal promoter and PBRU regions in liver, but not in kidney. Phenobarbital treatment increased hyper-sensitivity in liver in both regions. Micrococcal nuclease hypersensitivity in the PBRU was largely restricted to a linker region between phased nucleosomes while in the proximal promoter hypersensitivity extended over approximately 200 bp suggesting disruption of a nucleosome in this region. These data indicate that in liver phenobarbital treatment substantially alters protein binding to regulatory motifs in the PBRU, while not greatly affecting such binding in the proximal promoter, and substantially alters chromatin structure in both regions, presumably as a result of chromatin modifying factors recruited to the PBRU. In the kidney, chromatin is probably in a closed conformation that prevents binding of regulatory factors.
Kinetics of chaperoning of dithiothreitol-denatured α-lactalbumin by α-crystallin

Molecular chaperones prevent the aggregation of partially folded or misfolded forms of protein. alpha-Crystallin performs such a function in the ocular lens. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements were performed to gain insight into the kinetics and mechanism of alpha-crystallin chaperoning. Experiments were conducted as a function of alpha-lactalbumin concentration as well as the alpha-crystallin/alpha-lactalbumin ratio over a 24 h period. In the particle distribution patterns the lactalbumin concentration was partitioned into three compartments: (a) monomeric free lactalbumin; (b) lactalbumin in the chaperoning complex; and (c) lactalbumin aggregates. DLS intensities were converted to molar concentrations by assuming a model of a spherical chaperoning complex. In the model, alpha-crystallin is the central core and alpha-lactalbumin molecules occupy a ring surrounding the core. The kinetics of chaperoning was studied by proposing a simple scheme with four rate constants. The reversible reaction of the formation of the chaperoning complex is characterized by rate constants k(1) and k(2). The rate constants k(3) and k(4) govern the irreversible aggregation of lactalbumin: the former from the free monomeric lactalbumin pool and the latter describing the aggregation of the denatured lactalbumin released from the chaperoning complex. The rate constants, k(3) and k(4) are four magnitudes larger than k(1) and k(2). The equilibrium constant of chaperoning complex formation lies in favor of the reactants. k(4) is somewhat faster than k(3) and it is three times faster than k(s) governing the self-aggregation of lactalbumin in the absence of alpha-crystallin.
The Yeast Resource Center Public Image Repository: A large database of fluorescence microscopy images.

There is increasing interest in the development of computational methods to analyze fluorescent microscopy images and enable automated large-scale analysis of the subcellular localization of proteins. Determining the subcellular localization is an integral part of identifying a protein's function, and the application of bioinformatics to this problem provides a valuable tool for the annotation of proteomes. Training and validating algorithms used in image analysis research typically rely on large sets of image data, and would benefit from a large, well-annotated and highly-available database of images and associated metadata. The Yeast Resource Center Public Image Repository (YRC PIR) is a large database of images depicting the subcellular localization and colocalization of proteins. Designed especially for computational biologists who need large numbers of images, the YRC PIR contains 532,182 TIFF images from nearly 85,000 separate experiments and their associated experimental data. All images and associated data are searchable, and the results browsable, through an intuitive web interface. Search results, experiments, individual images or the entire dataset may be downloaded as standards-compliant OME-TIFF data. The YRC PIR is a powerful resource for researchers to find, view, and download many images and associated metadata depicting the subcellular localization and colocalization of proteins, or classes of proteins, in a standards-compliant format. The YRC PIR is freely available at http://images.yeastrc.org/ .
Adaptive control using quantized measurements with application to vision-only landing control

We consider a class of control systems where the plant model is unknown and the feedback contains only partial quantized measurements of the state. We use a nonlinear optimization that is taking place over both the model parameters and the state of the plant in order to estimate these quantities. We propose a computationally efficient algorithm for solving the optimization problem, and prove its convergence using tools from convex and non-smooth analysis. We demonstrate the importance of this class of control systems, and our method of solution, using the following application: having a fixed wing airplane follow a desired glide slope on approach to landing. The only feedback is from a camera mounted at the front of the airplane and looking at a runway of unknown dimensions. The quantization is due to the finite resolution of the camera. Using this application we also compare our method to the basic method prevalent in the literature, where the optimization is only taking place over the plant model parameters.
Advanced eager scheduling for Java‐based adaptive parallel computing

Javelin 3 is a software system for developing large-scale, fault-tolerant, adaptively parallel applications. When all or part of their application can be cast as a master–worker or branch-and-bound computation, Javelin 3 frees application developers from concerns about inter-processor communication and fault tolerance among networked hosts, allowing them to focus on the underlying application. The paper describes a fault-tolerant task scheduler and its performance analysis. The task scheduler integrates work stealing with an advanced form of eager scheduling. It enables dynamic task decomposition, which improves host load-balancing in the presence of tasks whose non-uniform computational load is evident only at execution time. Speedup measurements are presented of actual performance on up to 1000 hosts. We analyze the expected performance degradation due to unresponsive hosts, and measure actual performance degradation due to unresponsive hosts. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Youth Time Outside: A Comparison of Time Use Methodologies

Significant public attention has been given to the perceived lack of youth time spent outside. Diverse approaches make it difficult to develop consensus around youth time-use patterns and guide eff...
A brief yoga intervention implemented during chemotherapy: A randomized controlled pilot study.

Abstract Objectives Fatigue and other treatment-related symptoms (e.g., sleep disturbance) are critical targets for improving quality of life in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Yoga may reduce the burden of such symptoms. This study investigated the feasibility of conducting a randomized controlled study of a brief yoga intervention during chemotherapy for colorectal cancer. Design We randomized adults with colorectal cancer to a brief Yoga Skills Training (YST) or an attention control (AC; empathic attention and recorded education). Setting The interventions and assessments were implemented individually in the clinic while patients were in the chair receiving chemotherapy. Interventions Both interventions consisted of three sessions and recommended home practice. Main outcome measures The primary outcome was feasibility (accrual, retention, adherence, data collection). Self-reported outcomes (i.e., fatigue, sleep disturbance, quality of life) and inflammatory biomarkers were also described to inform future studies. Results Of 52 patients initially identified, 28 were approached, and 15 enrolled (age Mean=57.5years; 80% White; 60% Male). Reasons for declining participation were: not interested ( n =6), did not perceive a need ( n =2), and other ( n =5). Two participants were lost to follow-up in each group due to treatment changes. Thus, 75% of participants were retained in the YST and 71% in the AC arm. Participants retained in the study adhered to 97% of the in-person intervention sessions and completed all questionnaires. Conclusions This study demonstrated the feasibility of conducting a larger randomized controlled trial to assess YST among patients receiving chemotherapy for colorectal cancer. Data collected and challenges encountered will inform future research.
The Wnt Antagonist Dickkopf-1 Promotes Pathological Type 2 Cell-Mediated Inflammation.

Exposure to a plethora of environmental challenges commonly triggers pathological type 2 cell-mediated inflammation. Here we report the pathological role of the Wnt antagonist Dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1) upon allergen challenge or non-healing parasitic infection. The increased circulating amounts of Dkk-1 polarized T cells to T helper 2 (Th2) cells, stimulating a marked simultaneous induction of the transcription factors c-Maf and Gata-3, mediated by the kinases p38 MAPK and SGK-1, resulting in Th2 cell cytokine production. Circulating Dkk-1 was primarily from platelets, and the increase of Dkk-1 resulted in formation of leukocyte-platelet aggregates (LPA) that facilitated leukocyte infiltration to the affected tissue. Functional inhibition of Dkk-1 impaired Th2 cell cytokine production and leukocyte infiltration, protecting mice from house dust mite (HDM)-induced asthma or Leishmania major infection. These results highlight that Dkk-1 from thrombocytes is an important regulator of leukocyte infiltration and polarization of immune responses in pathological type 2 cell-mediated inflammation.
Preformed Seeds Modulate Native Insulin Aggregation Kinetics

Insulin aggregates under storage conditions via disulfide interchange reaction. It is also known to form aggregates at the site of repeated injections in diabetes patients, leading to injection amyloidosis. This has fueled research in pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry as well as in academia to understand factors that modulate insulin stability and aggregation. The main aim of this study is to understand the factors that modulate aggregation propensity of insulin under conditions close to physiological and measure effect of "seeds" on aggregation kinetics. We explored the aggregation kinetics of insulin at pH 7.2 and 37 °C in the presence of disulfide-reducing agent dithiothreitol (DTT), using spectroscopy (UV-visible, fluorescence, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and microscopy (scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy) techniques. We prepared insulin "seeds" by incubating disulfide-reduced insulin at pH 7.2 and 37 °C for varying lengths of time (10 min to 12 h). These seeds were added to the native protein and nucleation-dependent aggregation kinetics was measured. Aggregation kinetics was fastest in the presence of 10 min seeds suggesting they were nascent. Interestingly, intermediate seeds (30 min to 4 h incubation) resulted in formation of transient fibrils in 4 h that converted to amorphous aggregates upon longer incubation of 24 h. Overall, the results show that insulin under disulfide reducing conditions at pH and temperature close to physiological favors amorphous aggregate formation and seed "maturity" plays an important role in nucleation dependent aggregation kinetics.
Triggered self-assembly of magnetic nanoparticles

Colloidal magnetic nanoparticles are candidates for application in biology, medicine and nanomanufac-turing. Understanding how these particles interact collectively in fluids, especially how they assemble and aggregate under external magnetic fields, is critical for high quality, safe, and reliable deployment of these particles. Here, by applying magnetic forces that vary strongly over the same length scale as the colloidal stabilizing force and then varying this colloidal repulsion, we can trigger self-assembly of these nanoparticles into parallel line patterns on the surface of a disk drive medium. Localized within nanometers of the medium surface, this effect is strongly dependent on the ionic properties of the colloidal fluid but at a level too small to cause bulk colloidal aggregation. We use real-time optical diffraction to monitor the dynamics of self-assembly, detecting local colloidal changes with greatly enhanced sensitivity compared with conventional light scattering. Simulations predict the triggering but not the dynamics, especially at short measurement times. Beyond using spatially-varying magnetic forces to balance interactions and drive assembly in magnetic nanoparticles, future measurements leveraging the sensitivity of this approach could identify novel colloidal effects that impact real-world applications of these nanoparticles.
A Resistless Process for the Production of Patterned, Vertically Aligned ZnO Nanowires.

ZnO nanostructures have attracted a great deal of interest because of their biocompatibility and outstanding optical and piezoelectric properties. Their uses are widely varying, including as the active element in sensors, solar cells, and nanogenerators. One of the major complications in device development is how to grow ZnO nanowires in well aligned and patterned films with predefined geometrical shape and aspect ratio. Controlled growth is required to achieve the optimal density of nanowires and to produce a defined geometric structure for incorporation in the device. In this work, we have presented a method by which vertically aligned ZnO nanowires could be grown in defined patterns on surfaces without the use of resists. We used a hydrothermal method to grow ZnO nanowires on a substrate through growth modifiers that was pre-patterned with a seeding solution by means of microcontact printing. This method produced vertically aligned ZnO nanowires of predefined size and shape with pattern resolution high enough for the production of rows of single nanowires. The nanowires were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) techniques.
Differential outcomes in patients treated with endocrine therapy for early or locally advanced breast cancer based on BRCA mutation status

e22065 Background: Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes lead to defects in DNA repair. Estrogen receptor modulates transcription of genes responsible for cell division, which depends on cell's abilit...
Closed-loop control of power system transient stability(2):transient instability detection method of multi-machine power system

A composite power angle with a certain prediction function is defined,according to which,a multimachine power system is divided in real time into two coherent generator groups and then equalized to a single-machine power system. The instability criterion of the single-machine power system,which is based on the trajectory convexity and concavity,is extended to the multi-machine power system while an assistant instability criterion is developed on the angle-angular acceleration plane for the non-autonomous characteristics,and a real-time instability detection scheme based on the response is proposed. Simulative results of IEEE 10-generator 39-bus system and Sanhua actual power grid show that,the transient stability of power system can be correctly detected according to its responses to the multiple large disturbances occurred in it,which lays the foundation for subsequent closed-loop control.
Binge-Drinking and Non-Binge-Drinking Student-Athletes: The Role of Proximal Norms, Negative Expectancies, and Selected Sociodemographic Variables

Researchers have identified college student-athletes as a subgroup at risk for heavy drinking and associated consequences. Yet, few studies have examined multiple variables simultaneously to determine which stand out as most robust to explain drinking behavior among student-athletes. Student-athletes from 54 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) member institutions (N = 2,659) completed an online questionnaire as part of an online alcohol education program. Logistic regression analyses demonstrated a unique profile based on descriptive and injunctive norms and alcohol outcome expectancies among binge-drinking student-athletes compared to non-binge-drinking athletes. Gender differences also emerged within the sample. Implications for campus mental health, university, and athletic personnel are discussed.
Epilepsy Surgery Outcome

Seizure outcome was studied in 136 children receiving surgery for intractable epilepsy at the Cleveland Clinic between 1990 and 1996.
Primary trauma care curriculum: A qualitative analysis of impediments to improvement

ObjectivesIn 2014, the primary trauma care curriculum was delivered at a national trauma center in San Salvador, El Salvador. A quantitative analysis demonstrated that subsequent incorporation of primary trauma care algorithms did not occur. The purpose of this qualitative analysis is to explore why the delivery of the primary trauma care curriculum did not have a measurable effect on provider observance of primary trauma care algorithms.MethodsKey informant interviews of primary trauma care instructors and students, trauma care observers, and hospital administrators involved in the delivery of the primary trauma care curriculum were conducted in February 2015. Interview transcripts were analyzed qualitatively using a grounded-theory approach and thematic analysis for insights and common themes.ResultsFour common themes emerged to explain why adherence to primary trauma care algorithms did not improve: Primary Trauma Care course delivery problems, insufficient equipment, insufficient nurse training, and u...
Changing Dynamics of a Manufacturing Unit

This article describes a performance improvement project undertaken in the manufacturing unit of a multinational company in India that specializes in the business of engineering, procurement, and construction (EPC). The article includes a brief introduction to the company's business (leaving out the name of the company due to a clause of confidentiality). The objective of the article is to describe a set of performance problems and how various performance theories, models, and tools were used to identify root causes and to implement design solutions for improvement. The article describes how the author as an internal consultant employed various consulting principles to establish a strong platform of understanding and to build a partnership with the clients. In addition, the different stages used in analyzing the problem, applying performance models, and designing solutions are presented. The article concludes with the author's sharing his personal experiences and the feedback he received from project stakeholders.
Toward an interleaved model of actions and words in social simulation

We present results of semi-automated annotation of dialogue data collected from 5, 200 gameplay logs from The Restaurant Game (http://www.theRestaurantGame.net), and show that classified dialogue acts can function effectively as a common currency for modeling behavior with interleaved physical actions and words.
Congruity of observed social support behaviors and couple relationship quality

This study examined the role of congruity in couples' social support behaviors on relational outcomes. Participants (N=123 couples, Mage=26.91, SD=8.46) completed surveys on relationship satisfaction and discord. Positive and negative behaviors were then observed during supportive interactions. Results revealed that the detrimental effect of negative behaviors on satisfaction was buffered by a partner's engagement in fewer negative behaviors or intensified by more negative behaviors. Further, the beneficial effect of positive behaviors on reducing discord was amplified by a partner's engagement in more positive behaviors or offset by fewer positive behaviors. Lastly, the detrimental effect of negative behaviors on discord was buffered by a partner's engagement in more positive behaviors. These findings highlight the complex nature of dyadic relationships and provide insights for developing interventions focused on improving romantic relationship quality.
CATECHISTS AT THE CROSSROADS: NEO-CATHOLICISM, NEOLIBERALISM AND THE SHIFTING SOCIOPOLITICAL LANDSCAPE OF AYMARA LIFE

This article examines the intersection of religious and sociopoliticalreform in contemporary highlands Bolivia. The case at issue is an Aymararegion, where the institutions, personnel and practices of Catholicism havelong been crucial to the production of local society. Over the lastdecades of the 20th century, a series of pastoral strategies initiated bythe Church have sought to localize Catholic practices through theempowerment of community-level catechists and, more recently, efforts toreclaim elements of Aymara culture as expressions of Catholicmeaning. These pastoral developments have overlapped with a set ofneoliberal political reforms aimed at decentralizing administrativepractices through the creation and empowerment of municipalities at thelocal level. I focus here on the experiences of one catechist to examinethe ways his career as a local agent of missionary Catholicism entangledhim directly within the sociopolitical processes being tested and stretchedby these neoliberal reforms.
Reprogrammable Redundancy for SRAM-Based Cache $V_{\min }$ Reduction in a 28-nm RISC-V Processor

Reducing the operating voltage of digital systems improves energy efficiency, and the minimum operating voltage of a system ( $V_{\min }$ ) is commonly limited by SRAM bitcells. Common techniques to lower SRAM $V_{\min }$ focus on using circuit-level periphery-assist techniques to prevent bitcell failures at low voltage. Alternatively, this paper proposes architecture-level techniques to allow caches to tolerate significant numbers of failing bitcells at low voltage while maintaining correct operation. The presented processor lowers SRAM-based cache $V_{\min }$ using three architectural techniques–bit bypass, dynamic column redundancy , and line disable–that use low-overhead reprogrammable redundancy (RR) to increase the maximum tolerable bitcell failure rate and decrease the minimum operating voltage in processor caches. In a fabricated 28-nm RISC-V-based processor chip, these RR techniques add 2% area overhead to the cache and reduce the $V_{\min }$ of the 1-MB L2 cache by 25%, resulting in a 49% power reduction.
Glucotoxicity promotes aberrant activation and mislocalization of Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 [Rac1] and metabolic dysfunction in pancreatic islet β-cells: reversal of such metabolic defects by metformin

Emerging evidence suggests that long-term exposure of insulin-secreting pancreatic β-cells to hyperglycemic (HG; glucotoxic) conditions promotes oxidative stress, which, in turn, leads to stress kinase activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, loss of nuclear structure and integrity and cell apoptosis. Original observations from our laboratory have proposed that Rac1 plays a key regulatory role in the generation of oxidative stress and downstream signaling events culminating in the onset of dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells under the duress of metabolic stress. However, precise molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the metabolic roles of hyperactive Rac1 remain less understood. Using pharmacological and molecular biological approaches, we now report mistargetting of biologically-active Rac1 [GTP-bound conformation] to the nuclear compartment in clonal INS-1 cells, normal rat islets and human islets under HG conditions. Our findings also suggest that such a signaling step is independent of post-translational prenylation of Rac1. Evidence is also presented to highlight novel roles for sustained activation of Rac1 in HG-induced expression of Cluster of Differentiation 36 [CD36], a fatty acid transporter protein, which is implicated in cell apoptosis. Finally, our findings suggest that metformin, a biguanide anti-diabetic drug, at a clinically relevant concentration, prevents β-cell defects [Rac1 activation, nuclear association, CD36 expression, stress kinase and caspase-3 activation, and loss in metabolic viability] under the duress of glucotoxicity. Potential implications of these findings in the context of novel and direct regulation of islet β-cell function by metformin are discussed.
Political Communication Theory and Research: An Overview

(1977). Political Communication Theory and Research: An Overview. Annals of the International Communication Association: Vol. 1, Communication Yearbook 1, pp. 441-452.
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Physiology

Gastrointestinal (GI) physiology is a branch of human physiology addressing the physical function of the gastrointestinal system. The major processes occurring in the GI system are that of motility, secretion, regulation, digestion, and circulation. In anesthesiology, gastric emptying and the time from last oral intake (NPO status) become important. During the induction of anesthesia the patient with a full stomach is at increased risk for gastric regurgitation and pulmonary aspiration, which can be lethal.
Ordovician oxygen and biodiversity

Rising oxygen levels may have facilitated the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event according to a reconstruction of atmospheric oxygen concentrations.
The Role of Sulfate Reduction in Stromatolites and Microbial Mats: Ancient and Modern Perspectives

Sulfate reduction is an evolutionarily ancient process and sulfate-reducing microorganisms were likely key members of Precambrian stromatolite communities, as they are in modern photosynthetic microbial mats. Some of the highest rates of sulfate reduction ever measured have been observed in hypersaline microbial mats, supporting the view that sulfate respiration is a dominant carbon mineralization process in these communities. Sulfate consumption and the alkalinity that results from carbon utilization have also been linked to carbonate precipitation in lithified mats. Diverse groups of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), primarily members of the Deltaproteobacteria, have been found to live in stratified zones in microbial mats, some localized near the surface despite high levels of oxygenic photosynthesis by cyanobacteria. Culture studies have shown that some SRB can switch to aerobic metabolism under microaerophilic conditions; however, it is not known how SRB tolerate the very high levels found in situ. Possible strategies involve aggregation and diel migration. Recent application of technologies such as nanometer-scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (nanoSIMS) and metagenomics to mats have enabled ultra fine-scale mapping of sulfate reduction activity and have broadened our understanding of how sulfur metabolism fits into the broader picture of microbial diversity and functionality.
First-principles study of crystal structure and stability of T1 precipitates in Al-Li-Cu alloys

Abstract Aluminum-lithium-copper alloys have a low density, high elastic modulus and high specific strength. Due to this combination of properties, alloys strengthened with the ternary (Al-Li-Cu) T 1 phase have attracted a great deal of interest especially in aerospace applications. Determining the atomic structural information of the precipitate is a fundamental step in developing a basis for advanced alloy design; however, even though many experimental studies have addressed the T 1 crystal structure, it remains the subject of some controversy. Here, we use density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the structure and composition of the T 1 phase by comparing the energetic stability of five previously-proposed models of the crystal structure of T 1 . The DFT formation energy of these proposed T 1 crystal structures was calculated using a special quasi-random structure (SQS) approach to describe a disordered Al-Cu sub-lattice. In conflict with the experimental phase diagram, DFT calculations of all five proposed models result in an energetically unstable T 1 phase. We search for a new, lower-energy structure of T 1 using a cluster expansion approach, and find a new structural model with DFT energy that is stable (at T = 0 K), i.e., on the calculated convex hull of the Al-Li-Cu ternary system. However, this new predicted phase does not have a tie-line with Al, but the formation energy of the phase is very close to the energy required to make a tie-line with Al ( Δ E = 0.013 eV/atom), which could be affected by finite temperature entropic effects (i.e., vibrational entropic stabilization).
Cost Savings Analysis for a Diabetic Retinopathy Teleretinal Screening Program Using an Activity-Based Costing Approach.

Purpose To examine the costs and cost savings associated with a large, urban teleretinal screening program for diabetic retinopathy (DR). Design Retrospective analysis. Participants Eighteen thousand twenty-five patients (36 050 eyes) screened via the Harris Health System (HHS) DR teleretinal screening program between June 2013 and April 2014. Methods Activity-based costing applied to the operational screening pathway was implemented to determine the cost of screening. Actual costs were calculated based on retrospective chart review and figures obtained from the HHS and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Theoretical costs of in-clinic examinations and delayed intervention were compared with actual costs of screening and treatment to determine costs savings. Main Outcome Measures Costs and cost savings in United States dollars were estimated. Results The per-patient cost of teleretinal screening itself was found to be $27.35, whereas the average total cost (factoring in treatment) per patient was determined to be $43.14. The physical examination-only and treatment-only models yielded cost savings estimates of $2 047 442.53 and $1 148 597.35, respectively. Conclusions The cost savings yielded by the HHS DR teleretinal screening program compared with conventional screening are substantial and corroborate the findings of similar studies that have analyzed teleretinal screening. Additionally, it can be presumed that there are additional indirect economic benefits resulting from earlier detection and treatment of disease.
Melphalan-Based Reduced-Intensity Conditioning is Associated with Favorable Disease Control and Acceptable Toxicities in Patients Older Than 70 with Hematologic Malignancies Undergoing Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Abstract Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHCT) is offered increasingly to elderly patients with hematologic malignancies. However, outcome data in those who are 70 years or older are limited, and no standard conditioning regimen has been established for this population. In this retrospective study we evaluated the outcome of 53 consecutive patients aged 70 years and older who underwent alloHCT with melphalan-based reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) at City of Hope. Engraftment was prompt, with median time to neutrophil engraftment of 15 days. More than 95% of patients achieved complete donor chimerism within 6 weeks from HCT, consistent with the "semiablative" nature of this regimen. With a median follow-up of 31.1 months, the 2-year overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and nonrelapse mortality (NRM) were 68.9%, 63.8%, and 17.0%, respectively. Cumulative incidence of relapse at 1 and 2 years was 17.0% and 19.3%, respectively. One hundred–day cumulative incidence of grades II to IV acute graft-versus-host disease was 37.7% (grades III to IV, 18.9%), and 2-year cumulative incidence of chronic graft-versus-host disease was 61.9% (extensive, 45.9%). The only significant predictor for poor OS was high/very high disease risk index. Transplant-related complications and morbidities observed here did not differ from the commonly expected in younger patients treated with RIC. In conclusion, alloHCT with a melphalan-based conditioning regimen is associated with acceptable toxicities and NRM, lower incidence of relapse, and favorable OS and PFS in patients aged 70 years or older.
The value of serum creatine kinase in early diagnosis of heterotopic ossification.

AbstractBackground: Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a complication of spinal cord injury (SCI) characterized by formation of ectopic bone. Early diagnosis is critical, but available diagnostic methods have drawbacks. Serum creatine kinase may be a marker for the development and severity of HO.Participants: 1 8 SCI patients with diagnosed HO based on clinical findings and bone scintigraphy.Methods: Serum creatine kinase levels were taken at the time of diagnosis of HO and during subsequent etidronate therapy.Results: Of the 1 4 patients with normal creatine kinase values, 1 3 had no evidence of HO on follow-up radiographic examination. Of the 4 patients with elevated creatine kinase, all developed radiographic signs of HO.Conclusion: Elevated serum creatine kinase may be associated with a more aggressive course of HO as well as resistance to etidronate therapy. Further studies are needed to determine whether creatine kinase may serve as a marker for early, active HO.
PLASTIC DEFORMATIONS IN IMPACT AND IMPULSIVE LOADING OF BEAMS

A summary of recent experimental work to evaluate the assumptions of dynamic rigid-plastic theory is presented. The experiments were performed on cantilever beam specimens of mild steel and of aluminum alloy, and tentatively indicate that strain rate effects are the principal cause of discrepancies between theory and experiments. The need to consider the space and time variation of the yield moment in interpreting experimental results is shown, and a mathematical model that incorporates these features is discussed. In a numerical example the predictions of this model are found in excellent agreement with experimental results.
Student-led rural health fairs: attempting to improve medical education and access to health care.

Objectives Residents of rural communities, especially in the Southeast, have decreased access to health care. Ensuring medical students receive adequate exposure to their issues is complicated by the urban location of most schools. We describe health fairs conducted in rural communities to suggest how having medical students use screening tools can identify patients with risk factors for disease which can offer students the opportunity to learn about rural health issues through patient counseling. Methods The Mitchell Wolfson Sr. Department of Community Service, a University of Miami Miller School of Medicine student-led organization, conducts fairs at four sites throughout the rural Florida Keys. Medical students, under the supervision of attending physicians, offer screening and preventive health services including risk factor screening for cardiovascular disease, ophthalmological exams, dermatologic exams, osteoporosis screening, and female exams with pap smears. These fairs were reviewed. Results In the past three years, 1694 unique patients were seen. Many lacked a primary care provider (46%) or health insurance (43%) and were provided screening for several disorders including cardiovascular disease risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity). Screening revealed that many patients (41%) had multiple markers of elevated cardiovascular disease risk. This provided experiences to more than 200 students each year. Conclusion Fairs provide medical students exposure to rural health issues through the valuable opportunity of using risk factor screening tools and counseling. This provides valuable information to patients of rural communities. Future research should examine how fairs influence student knowledge and attitudes toward rural health and affect health outcomes.
Global Capitalism, Immigrant Labor, and the Struggle for Justice

Around the world borders are militarized, states are stepping up repressive anti-immigrant controls, and native publics are turning immigrants into scapegoats for the spiraling crisis of global capitalism. The massive displacement and primitive accumulation unleashed by free trade agreements and neo-liberal policies, as well as state and “private” violence has resulted in a virtually inexhaustible immigrant labor reserve for the global economy. State controls over immigration and immigrant labor have several functions for the system: 1) state repression and criminalization of undocumented immigration make immigrants vulnerable and deportable and therefore subject to conditions of super-exploitation, super-control and hyper-surveillance; 2) antiimmigrant repressive apparatuses are themselves ever more important sources of accumulation, ranging from private for-profit immigrant detention centers, to the militarization of borders, and the purchase by states of military hardware and systems of surveillance. Immigrant labor is extremely profitable for the transnational corporate economy; 3) the anti-immigrant policies associated with repressive state apparatuses help turn attention away from the crisis of global capitalism among more privileged sectors of the working class and convert immigrant workers into scapegoats for the crisis, thus deflecting attention from the root causes of the crisis and undermining working class unity. This article focuses on structural and historical underpinnings of the phenomenon of immigrant labor in the new global capitalist system and on how the rise of a globally integrated production and financial system, a transnational capitalist class, and transnational state apparatuses, have led to a reorganization of the world market in labor, including deeper reliance on a rapidly expanding reserve army of immigrant labor and a vicious new anti-immigrant politics. It looks at the United States as an illustration of the larger worldwide situation with regard to immigration and immigrant justice. Finally, it explores the rise of an immigrant justice movement around the world, observes the leading role that immigrant workers often play in worker’s struggles and that a mass immigrant rights movement is at the cutting edge of the struggle against transnational corporate exploitation. We call for replacing the whole concept of national citizenship with that of global citizenship as the only rallying cry that can assure justice and equality for all.
Influence of Adhesion on the Mechanical Response of Granular Composites

The adhesion energy between the polymer binder and granular crystals strongly influence the mechanical properties of granular composites under different loading conditions. Thus, the accurate measurement of interfacial adhesion is necessary for the accurate description of the mechanical behavior and failure of granular composites. In the current work, an experimental setup capable of performing a peel test at different displacement rates (10 nm/s–1 mm/s) and peel angles (45°–135°) has been developed to experimentally quantify interfacial adhesion between soft elastomer (binder) and hard substrates (crystals). Since the elastomeric binder in many granular composites materials can be viscoelastic in nature, a time-dependent mathematical framework was adopted to calculate interfacial adhesion for these viscoelastic peel test experiments. Thus, the framework allows for the quantification of interfacial adhesion between different combinations of viscoelastic binders and crystals as a function of peel rate and angle. High-resolution optical microscope and digital image correlation was employed to capture the displacement and strain fields of both linear elastic and viscoelastic material under different conditions.
Contrast and Comparison of Critical Legal Studies and Neo-Marxism As Theories of Law and Economy (Excerpt)

This excerpt from "A Critique of Adjudication [fin de siecle]" (1997) describes, compares and contrasts the Critical Legal Studies approach to the question of the relationship of law and economy (including the "base/superstructure" debate) with Neo-Marxist theories popular at the time.
Stem Cell Aging? Blame It on the Niche.

The molecular basis for the neural stem cell quiescence-to-activation transition has become an important focus in the study of adult neurogenesis. Recently in Cell, Kalamakis et al. (2019) show that aged neural stem cells face greater barriers to exiting quiescence, imposed by the niche through inflammation and altered Wnt signaling.
Circulating levels of IL-1β, a prothrombotic cytokine, are elevated in unstable angina versus stable angina

Background: Multiple studies support a role for inflammation in the pathogenesis of coronary atherosclerosis and unstable cardiac syndromes. However, of the known proinflammatory cytokines, only elevated plasma levels of interleukin-6 have been linked to unstable angina. We sought to examine the plasma levels of other major proinflammatory cytokines in similar clinical settings and to determine the extent of the relationship between inflammation and unstable coronary syndromes by measuring the levels of various proinflammatory cytokines in patients with stable and unstable angina.
Self-healing Control and Auto-measurement Technique for Smart Distribution Grid

Summarizing the key technologies of distribution grid is of great importance for improving the reliability and intelligence. The core researches of distribution automation system are analyzed, including centralized FA and intelligent distributed FA, and self-healing control algorithms are described in detail. Auto-measurement methods of system-level and device-level are applied to test the performance of the master station and the terminals. A RTDS simulation test-bed of distribution grid is evaluated with great practicability. Moreover, this paper prospected the direction of smart distribution grid in fault detection of small current, flexible AC/DC interconnection and power Cyber-physical System (CPS).
College major, college coursework, and post-college wages

Abstract We ask whether estimated wage payoffs to college majors change when we account for skills acquired in college by including college major dummies and detailed coursework measures in log-wage models. Using data from the 1997 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, we find that students in all majors differ considerably in the percentage of credits taken within-major, as well as in their overall credit distributions. When credit distributions are taken into account in modeling log-wages, estimated coefficients for college majors often fall by 50% or more. Moreover, estimated log-wage gaps between select pairs of majors often change by orders of magnitude depending on whether we compare individuals whose overall credit distributions correspond to obtaining a low, medium, or high level of credit concentration within the major.
Synthesis and evaluation of apoptotic induction of human cancer cells by ester derivatives of thujone

Thujone (1), thujol (2), and aromatic thujol esters (3–9) were evaluated for their ability to induce cell death in human cervical (HeLa), melanoma (A375), and colon (HCT-116) cancer cell lines, using etoposide as a positive control. The compounds showed dose-dependent activity at concentrations ranging from 50–400 μg/mL. Etoposide exhibited an IC50 value of 116 μg/mL in HeLa cells, and α-thujone, α/β-thujone (7:1), and thujol showed comparable activity with IC50 values of 191, 198, and 136 μg/mL, respectively. All seven ester derivatives were cytotoxic to HeLa and HCT-116 cells, while a subset was cytotoxic to A375 cells. In HeLa cells, t-cinnamate (4), t-isonicotinate (5), t-nicotinate (6), and t-furoate (8) were more potent than either α-thujone or α/β-thujone. Similarly, t-furoate (8) was more potent than thujone in A375 cells, and t-isonicotinate (5) and t-nicotinate (6) were more potent against HCT-116 cells. Based on cell morphology, PARP cleavage and an increase in the caspase-3/7 levels, the esters exert their cytotoxic effects by induction of apoptosis.
Vocal fold vibrations in dysphonia: model vs. measurement

Several investigators have conjectured that the electroglottographic (EGG) waveform is inversely proportional to the lateral area of contact of the vocal folds. But this conjecture is essentially impossible to substantiate by observations. We have developed a simple model of the vocal folds that estimates the vocal fold lateral contact area as a function of time. The EGG waveform is directly calculated as the reciprocal of this lateral contact area function. We show how the model may be used to simulate EGG waveforms for normal male voices in model register and vocal fry and for predicting EGG waveforms for models of vibrating vocal folds that have a nodule or polyp on one fold.
CRESP Surveys of Major US Department of Energy Environmental Management Site Regions and of the National Population, 2005–2010

CRESP conducted surveys of areas near major US DOE sites in 2005, 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2011. The 2008–2011 surveys also collected a national sample. This chapter describes the survey questions, the protocols, and the results of the 2005, 2008, 2009, and 2010 surveys. Two-thirds of site-specific sample favors DOE’s energy park concept, with 36 % favoring it for their own area, and site-specific support for new waste management activities was >50 % and was higher than national sample. Respondents preferred environmental and risk-based management policies that monitor the water and air at the site, workers, and strongly supported equipment and training for local first responders and tools to alert the public. Requiring site managers to live near sites, prohibiting new missions, providing guided tours of the sites, and other organizational steps were the least favored priorities. Emotions and feelings were the strongest correlates, especially with regard to environmental management options. The site-specific sample had many more positive feelings, emotions, and images than the national sample and many more links to positive economic outcomes. Also, affluent college-educated white males disproportionately supported new on-site activities as did those who were optimistic about the future.