cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A Classification of Some Quadratic Algebras

We investigate a group of quadratic algebras and the associated resolutions of the field. When the quadratic algebra is Koszul, we provide the associated linear resolution; when not Koszul, we describe the maps of the resolution up to the point of non-linearity. In all cases, the resolutions are shown to be surprisingly regular and quickly stabilizing.
Group Contacts and Ethnicity in the Social Identities of Mexicanos and Chicanos

Factor analyses of social identity labels between two subgroups of the Mexican-descent population supported the prediction that the identities of English-dominant persons born in the United States (Chicanos) would be more differentiated than those of Spanish-dominant persons born in Mexico (Mexicanos). The content of their identities also differed. As predicted, because of differences in length of residence, language facility, geographic dispersal, and likelihood of working in ethnically diverse settings, Chicanos and Mexicanos had different patterns of intra-group and intergroup contacts. Chicanos had less contact with other persons of Mexican descent and more contact with members of other ethnic groups. Predicted relationships between group contacts and social identities were better supported for Chicanos than for Mexicanos. Overall, the study supports the general framework offered in which macrosocial conditions set up particular microsocial conditions (group contacts) that, in turn, influence the form...
Line Source in a Poroelastic Layer Bounded by an Elastic Space

The site contains a Mathematica code for computing the displacement and stress induced by injection of fluid in a poroelastic layer bounded by impermeable elastic half-spaces
History and policy in American broadcast treatment of religion

The evolution of policy and practice regarding religion in the case of US broadcasting provides an opportunity to understand the treatment of religion as an objective matter. US print media treatment developed less self-consciously. In each of these cases, however, a fundamental question obtains: how it is that in a society where religiosity is so common, religion continues to be a problematic element of media content? This article investigates the policy history and finds a complex set of causes and consequences. As a matter of policy, and in defense against state control, the broadcast industries sought to claim control over all aspects of content, even that which would fall under the `public service' rubric. In the case of religion, this control was just as quickly handed over to private religious institutions with the understanding that what religion would appear would be of a general, non-controversial kind. This system did not survive historical circumstances which brought about increased political ...
Improving protein fold recognition by random forest

Recognizing the correct structural fold among known template protein structures for a target protein (i.e. fold recognition) is essential for template-based protein structure modeling. Since the fold recognition problem can be defined as a binary classification problem of predicting whether or not the unknown fold of a target protein is similar to an already known template protein structure in a library, machine learning methods have been effectively applied to tackle this problem. In our work, we developed RF-Fold that uses random forest - one of the most powerful and scalable machine learning classification methods - to recognize protein folds. RF-Fold consists of hundreds of decision trees that can be trained efficiently on very large datasets to make accurate predictions on a highly imbalanced dataset. We evaluated RF-Fold on the standard Lindahl's benchmark dataset comprised of 976 × 975 target-template protein pairs through cross-validation. Compared with 17 different fold recognition methods, the performance of RF-Fold is generally comparable to the best performance in fold recognition of different difficulty ranging from the easiest family level, the medium-hard superfamily level, and to the hardest fold level. Based on the top-one template protein ranked by RF-Fold, the correct recognition rate is 84.5%, 63.4%, and 40.8% at family, superfamily, and fold levels, respectively. Based on the top-five template protein folds ranked by RF-Fold, the correct recognition rate increases to 91.5%, 79.3% and 58.3% at family, superfamily, and fold levels. The good performance achieved by the RF-Fold demonstrates the random forest's effectiveness for protein fold recognition.
Nuclear localization of the DOCK180/ELMO complex.

Abstract DOCK180 protein plays a key role during development, cell motility, and phagocytosis. It forms a complex with another protein ELMO, and this complex acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rac. However, DOCK180-containing complexes have not been purified by unbiased biochemical approaches, and the nature and subcellular localization of these complexes remain unclear. Here, we show that a large fraction of endogenous DOCK180 is present as a 700 kDa nuclear complex with ELMO proteins. In addition, this nuclear DOCK180/ELMO complex has functional Rac-GEF activity. Furthermore, endogenous DOCK180 could be found in complexes with different ELMO isoforms (ELMO1, 2 or 3) in different cell lines, depending on the ELMO isoforms expressed. These studies suggest that DOCK180 may associate with different ELMO proteins to form cell-type specific complexes and may have functions in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
"Mother isn't quite herself today:" myth and spectacle in The Matrix

In contrast with critics who interpret The Matrix by focusing primarily on either the film's dazzling visual effects or on its more fragmented “second coming” narrative, we work within the tension between the two. As a myth, the film updates an ancient initiation ritual in which the hero matures into a character capable of freeing humanity from its technological mirror image, represented here as a false mother. As a spectacle, however, the typically beneficial influence of feminine eroticism is displaced from women into the special effects, thereby diluting the impact of the narrative. The Matrix is, we believe, caught in this tension just as postmodern humanity is caught between its attraction to and its repulsion from its own technological extensions.
Conversation Thread Extraction and Topic Detection in Text-Based Chat

Abstract : Text-based chat systems are widely used within the Department of Defense, but the standard systems available do not provide robust capabilities for search, information retrieval, or information assurance. The objective of this research is to explore methods for the extraction of conversation threads from text-based chat systems in order to enable such tasks. As part of the research, we manually annotated over 20,000 Internet Relay Chat posts with conversation thread information and constructed a probabilistic model for automatically classifying posts according to conversation thread. We also provide an algorithm for extracting these conversation threads from the chat session in order to form discrete documents that may be used in a vector space model information retrieval system. We elaborate how this technique can be used to support search and data mining systems, as well as auditing tasks and guard functions in a security system. Using the developed probabilistic models, we have achieved classification results on par with those of human annotators.
Positive definite kernels: past, present and future

Positive definite kernels play an increasingly prominent role in many applications such as scattered data fitting, numerical solution of PDEs, computer experiments, machine learning, rapid prototyping and computer graphics. We discuss some of the historical and current developments of the theory and applications of positive definite kernels – always with an eye toward the mathematics of Gottingen in general and Robert Schaback in particular. A few comments concerning the future of the field are also provided.
Use of microwave ovens to pasteurize milk

High-temperature short-time (HTST) and low-temperature long-time (LTLT) pasteurization were simulated using uninoculated and inoculated milks that were heated in microwave ovens. Heating milk (76 ml) for 59 s at 700 W achieved a temperature of 71.7°C, but heating for 60-65 s and holding for 15 s failed to inactivate all added cells of Salmonella typhimurium , Escherichia coli or Pseudomonas fluorescens . Milk, 453.6 g (ca. one-half quart) or 604.8 g (ca. two-thirds quart), was heated to >62.8°C, but <71.7°C, in 4.5 to 5 min, depending on power (550 or 700 W) that was used, and refrigerated overnight. Such treatments failed to reduce the population of Streptococcus faecalis in the milks by the degree that occurred when inoculated milk was heated in a water bath at 62.8°C for 30 min.
Editorial commentary: Obesity, surgically induced weight loss, and cardiovascular disease

In epidemiological studies, obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). It is less clear to what extent this excess CVD risk can be reduced by weight loss in the obese. In this issue of Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine, Lee and Yong-Mei [1] review the current evidence of cardiovascular benefits of bariatric surgery in obese patients. Bariatric surgery can improve cardiovascular risk profile of obese patients and reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. These benefits appear to be mediated through the improvement and resolution of comorbid conditions, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and obstructive sleep apnea, as well as direct improvements in cardiac structure and function. Marked, sustainable long-term weight loss in the obese is difficult to achieve with lifestyle interventions or pharmaceutical treatment. Consequently, effects of weight loss on hard endpoints such as mortality and CVD morbidity have been difficult to demonstrate. In many observational epidemiological studies, weight loss has been paradoxically associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular events [2,3]. These results could be confounded by reverse causation, i.e., the association could be explained by the presence of illness associated with weight loss. Bariatric surgery in the obese results in large and sustained weight loss. Therefore, the problem with unintentional weight loss in observational studies can be avoided. Patients receiving bariatric surgery can expect a weight loss benefi to f more than 25 kg (55 lb) as compared to conventional non-surgical obesity treatment over 2-year follow-up. Depending on the type of surgery, expected excess weight loss is at least 50%. Long-term follow-up data are only available from non-randomized studies. In most patients, some weight regain occurs after the initial nadir weight loss. In the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study with 20-year follow-up [4], average relative weight loss in the surgically treated group after 2-, 10- and 20-year of followup were 23%, 17% and 18% of the initial body weight, respectively, whereas the control group was in effect weight stable.
The Cooperative Binding Energetics of CytR and cAMP Receptor Protein Support a Quantitative Model of Differential Activation and Repression of CytR-Regulated Class III Escherichia coli Promoters

cAMP receptor protein (CRP) and CytR mediate positive and negative control of nine genes in Escherichia coli, most of which are involved in nucleoside catabolism and recycling. Five promoters share a common architecture in which tandem CRP sites flank an intervening CytR operator (CytO). CytR and CRP bind cooperatively to these promoters to form a three-protein, DNA-bound complex that controls activation and repression, the levels of which vary markedly among the promoters. To understand the specific combinatorial control mechanisms that are responsible for this outcome, we have used quantitative DNase I footprinting to generate individual site isotherms for each site of protein–DNA interaction. The intrinsic affinities of each transcription factor for its respective site and the specific patterns of cooperativity and competition underlying the molecular interactions at each promoter were determined by a global analysis of these titration data. Here we present results obtained for nupGP and tsxP2, adding ...
We May Well Become Accomplices To Rear a Generation of Spectators Is Not to Educate at All

Research on education and society is the focus in discussing four essays of AERA past presidents, Newton Edwards, Maxine Greene, Linda Darling-Hammond, and William F. Tate, IV. The title, “We May Well Become Accomplices . . . ,” is taken from Greene’s speech to foreground inherent moral obligations of scholars when racial and social justice is a goal of education research on education and society. The essay begins with a prologue situating the author’s personal and professional biography within the span of time in which these essays were published. Progress and challenges with respect to race and racism in relation to learning for freedom and democracy and research on education and society are displayed in thematic timetables organized to contextualize the intellectual issues and the social times surrounding the presidential publications. The conclusion discusses a role for AERA in supporting new possibilities for collaborative learning relative to morally engaged research as democratic educational practice.
Anomalies of choroidal and retinal blood flow in crystalline retinal degeneration

Objective To study the changes of blood flowof ophthalmic artery( OA),central retinal artery( CR A) and posterior ciliary artery( PCA) in patients with crystalline retinal degeneration( CR D). Methods Color doppler flowimaging was used in 35 cases( 35 eyes) of CR D patient to measure the peak systolic velocity( PSV),end diastolic velocity( EDV),time-averaged maximum velocity( TAM V),pulsatility index( PI) and resistance index( R I) in O A,CR A and PCA,respectively. Data was analyzed statistically by one-sample t test to compare changes of these parameters between CR D and normal group. Results Concerning CR D group,in O A,PI( 1. 80 ± 0. 55) was significantly lower than normal( 2. 02 ± 0. 71)( t =- 2. 460,P = 0. 019);In CR A,PSA( 6. 73 ± 1. 77) cm·s- 1was significantly lower than normal( 10. 82 ± 2. 97) cm ·s- 1( t =-13.649,P=0.000),EDV( 2.10 ±0.41) cm·s- 1was significantly lower than normal( 3.28 ±1.11) cm·s- 1( t =-13.649,P=0.000),TAMV( 3.60 ±1.00) cm·s- 1was significantly lower than normal( 5. 50 ± 2. 06) cm·s- 1( t =-11.365,P =0.000),PI( 0.67 ±0.09)was significantly lower than normal( 1. 48 ± 0. 49)( t =- 5. 030,P = 0. 000),and R I( 0. 67 ± 0.09) was significantly lower than normal( 0. 71 ± 0. 08)( t =- 2. 774,P = 0. 009); In PCA,PSA( 6.64 ±1.76) cm·s- 1was significantly lower than normal( 11. 61 ± 3. 41) cm·s- 1( t =-16.897,P = 0. 000),EDV( 2. 37 ± 0. 69) cm ·s- 1was significantly lower than normal( 3. 34 ± 1.25) cm·s- 1( t =-8.327,P=0. 000),TAMV( 3. 60 ±1. 16) cm·s- 1was significantly lower than normal( 5. 83 ± 1. 91) cm·s- 1( t =-11. 374,P =0.000),PI( 1. 18 ±0. 32) was significantly lower than normal( 1. 49 ± 0. 43)( t =- 5. 690,P = 0. 000),and R I( 0. 64 ± 0. 82) was significantly lower than normal( 0. 70 ± 0. 09)( t =- 4. 650,P = 0. 000). Conclusion Hemodynamic abnormal changes of O A,R CA and PCA in CR D patients possibly suggest the ocular氉blood supply is related with pathological process of CR D.
Investigation of soil legionella contamination in Nanjing

Objective To investigate soil legionella contamination in Nanjing.Methods From 12public places whose cooling tower water legionella culture was positive,soil samples were collected within 2mfrom cooling towers and residential areas over 2km away from cooling towers.PCR was employed to test 5srRNA and Mip gene of legionella.Results 75.0%(36/48)soil specimens taken within 2mfrom cooling towers were positive for legionella,70.8%(34/48)soil specimens from residential areas over 2km away from cooling towers were positive for legionella.No significant difference was found based on Chisquare test.Among the positive soil specimens collected near cooling towers,50.0%(18/36)were positive for legionella pneumophila.No positive soil specimens collected from residence areas were positive for legionella pneumophila.Conclusion The soil close to cooling towers is seriously contaminated by legionella pneumophila.There is a potential danger for sporadic epidemics or outbreaks of Legionnaire disease.
Vascularized muscular and musculocutaneous flaps for management of osteomyelitis.

Summary After adequate debridement and control of infection, good soft tissue coverage is very important in the management of an osteomyelitic wound. One should choose the simplest, safest method that has a reasonable chance of success. Many of these wounds can be covered with local muscle flaps with a good rate of success. Some wounds are too large or are in a poor location for muscle flaps, for example, wounds involving the ankle and foot. These very difficult wounds frequently can be managed by use of free tissue transfer. Muscle has been found to be the most useful tissue. In our experience, the success rate of free tissue transfer for osteomyelitic wounds has been less than our overall success rate–76 per cent versus 85 per cent– and 12 per cent of these flaps that were successful developed recurrent drainage within a year. Nevertheless, this method has permitted salvage in many patients who previously may have required amputation.
Big data: A requirements engineering perspective

Big data promises to lead to better decisions, which can bring greater operational efficiency, productivity, reduced cost and risk, and the like to a variety of domains. But is the use of big data always going to be beneficial, and if so how? In answering this question, I will first survey research in big data from a requirements engineering perspective. Afterwards, I will describe a goal-oriented approach - which adopts but goes beyond an object-oriented approach, to beneficially using big data. This approach is intended to rationally “connect the dots”, from stakeholders' problems and needs, business key performance indices, important insights through analytics for both AS-IS and TO-BE, machine learning techniques, SQL/NoSQL database queries, etc. I will talk about how this approach can aid business decision making in general and more specifically in business process reengineering, possibly with a tool support. At the end, I will outline some of the software engineering challenges in more beneficially using big data.
Scheduled evening sleep and enhanced lighting improve adaptation to night shift work in older adults

Objectives We tested whether a sleep and circadian-based treatment shown to improve circadian adaptation to night shifts and attenuate negative effects on alertness, performance and sleep in young adults would also be effective in older adults. Methods We assessed subjective alertness, sustained attention (psychomotor vigilance task, PVT), sleep duration (actigraphy) and circadian timing (salivary dim-light melatonin onset, DLMO) in 18 older adults (57.2±3.8 years; mean±SD) in a simulated shift work protocol. 4 day shifts were followed by 3 night shifts in the laboratory. Participants slept at home and were randomised to either the treatment group (scheduled evening sleep and enhanced lighting during the latter half of night shifts) or control group (ad-lib sleep and typical lighting during night shifts). Results Compared with day shifts, alertness and sustained attention declined on the first night shift in both groups, and was worse in the latter half of the night shifts. Alertness and attention improved on nights 2 and 3 for the treatment group but remained lower for the control group. Sleep duration in the treatment group remained similar to baseline (6–7 hours) following night shifts, but was shorter (3–5 hours) following night shifts in the control group. Treatment group circadian timing advanced by 169.3±16.1 min (mean±SEM) but did not shift (−9.7±9.9 min) in the control group. Conclusions The combined treatment of scheduled evening sleep and enhanced lighting increased sleep duration and partially aligned circadian phase with sleep and work timing, resulting in improved night shift alertness and performance.
Carrier-Multiplication-Induced Structural Change during Ultrafast Carrier Relaxation and Nonthermal Phase Transition in Semiconductors

While being extensively studied as an important physical process to alter exciton population in nanostructures at the fs time scale, carrier multiplication has not been considered seriously as a major mechanism for phase transition. Real-time time-dependent density functional theory study of Ge_{2}Sb_{2}Te_{5} reveals that carrier multiplication can induce an ultrafast phase transition in the solid state despite that the lattice remains cold. The results also unify the experimental findings in other semiconductors for which the explanation remains to be the 30-year old phenomenological plasma annealing model.
Prenatal androgen exposure and parental care interact to influence timing of reproductive maturation in marmosets

The timing of reproductive maturation is susceptible to hormonal and environmental influences, and variation in this timing can be partially attributed to the prenatal and post-natal environment. We examined associations between prenatal steroid exposure and the post-natal family environment on the variability in reproductive maturation timing in young marmosets (Callithrix geoffroyi). Urine samples from pregnant females were analyzed for cortisol (CORT) and androgens (uA). Post-natal uA was measured in males to determine age (in days) of adult-like levels of androgens associated with spermatogenesis; post-natal pregnanediol glucuronide (PdG) was measured in females to determine age (in days) of first ovulation. Maternal, paternal, alloparental, and total care (carrying, grooming, and rejection/removals) of offspring were observed. Female offspring exposed to lower prenatal uA levels and higher paternal grooming and lower maternal rejection/removals showed later first ovulation, whereas female offspring exposed to higher prenatal uA showed earlier first ovulation. Male offspring showed earlier reproductive maturation as paternal grooming increased, regardless of first trimester uA exposure. Male offspring exposed to low prenatal uA levels showed earlier reproductive maturation as maternal rejections/removals increased. In offspring exposed to low prenatal CORT, high total carrying predicted earlier first ovulation in females, but later reproductive maturation in males. Total carrying duration did not affect timing of reproductive maturation in offspring exposed to high third trimester CORT levels. Our findings expand the evolutionary theory of socialization by demonstrating that the effect of post-natal family environment on timing of reproductive maturation depends on prenatal uA exposure and also influences reproductive maturation timing in male offspring.
The Pacific worm-eel, Myrophis vafer , in Nicaragua

The ophicthid eel Myrophis vafer Lutken was found near the mouth of Rio La Boquita, Carazo, Nicaragua, apparently living in freshwater, and in brackish situations in other Central American localities. The species is diagnosed; measurements, proportions and illustrations are given far the Nicaraguan specimen.
How do local unions strategize against multinational corporations’ restructuring threats? Some insights from France:

This article explores local trade union strategies in the context of multinational corporations’ (MNCs) restructuring in French auto suppliers. From a theoretical standpoint, this study proposes a ...
The Constitution of Economic Expertise: Deep History, Extended Present, and the Institutions of Economic Scholarship

What determines the kinds of questions economists ask and the answers they find convincing? More generally, why are the institutions that constitute scholarly economics the way they are? I answer both of these questions by positing that within the modern economics profession, it is plausible that economic ideas compete on margins unrelated to truth. The adaptive value of certain kinds of economics can explain the prevalence of the economics that is currently practiced. Since survivability and adaptability are inherently related to the process that yields them, I explore the history of the economics profession in the United States, tracing it back to the earliest days of US higher education. This perspective strongly suggests we should be skeptical of the argument that modern economics has “passed the market test.”
Gender Differences in Academic Attitudes among Gifted Elementary School Students

A number of studies have documented gender differences in the academic attitudes of gifted adolescents, but few studies have investigated these differences among students younger than age 12. Very ...
Verification of a Remaining Flying Time Prediction System for Small Electric Aircraft

This paper addresses the problem of building trust in online predictions of a battery powered aircraft's remaining available flying time. A set of ground tests is described that make use of a small unmanned aerial vehicle to verify the performance of remaining flying time predictions. The algorithm verification procedure described here uses a fully functional vehicle that is restrained to a platform for repeated run-to-functional-failure experiments. The vehicle under test is commanded to follow a predefined propeller RPM profile in order to create battery demand profiles similar to those expected in flight. The fully integrated aircraft is repeatedly operated until the charge stored in powertrain batteries falls below a specified lower-limit. The time at which the lower-limit on battery charge is crossed is then used to measure the accuracy of remaining flying time predictions. Accuracy requirements are considered in this paper for an alarm that warns operators when remaining flying time is estimated to fall below a specified threshold.
Trace isotopic analysis of micron-sized grains: Mo and Zr analysis of stardust (SiC and graphite grains)

Secondary Neutral Mass Spectrometry using resonant laser ionization can provide for both high useful yields and high discrimination while maintaining high lateral and depth resolutions. An example of the power of the method is measurement of the isotropic composition of Mo and Zr in 1-5 micrometers presolar SiC and graphite grains isolated form the Murchison CM2 meteorite for the first time. These grains have survived the formation of the Solar System, and isotopic analysis reveals a record of the stellar nucleosynthetic processes known as s-, p-, and r-process. Successful isotopic analysis of these elements requires both high selectivity and high efficiency. Resonant ionization spectroscopy is particularly useful and flexible in this application. While the sensitivity of this technique has often been reported in the past, we focus here on the very low noise properties of the technique. We further demonstrate the efficacy of noise removal by two complimentary methods. First we use the resonant nature of the signal to subtract background signal. Second we demonstrate that by choosing the appropriate resonance scheme background can often be dramatically reduced.
Comparative diets and foraging strategies of subyearling Atlantic salmon, brown trout, and rainbow trout during winter

Over‐winter survival of salmonids in streams is thought to be an important population regulation mechanism. Yet because of the difficulty of conducting field studies due to adverse weather or ice conditions, compared to other seasons, salmonid ecology during winter is least understood. Consequently, we sought to examine interspecific feeding associations of an important salmonid stream assemblage in the Lake Ontario watershed during winter. The diets of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parr, brown trout (S. trutta) parr, and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) parr were significantly different in February but not in March. Salmonid diets differed from the benthos and the drift during both months. Dipterans (chironomids, simuliids, and tipulids) and ephemerellids were the major prey taxa consumed. All three species fed more heavily on prey items from the benthos than from the drift. The diet of Atlantic salmon had the highest similarity to the benthos whereas the diet of brown trout had the lowest similarity to the drift. All three salmonid species generally selected ephemerellids, limnephilids, and chironomids and avoided elmids. These winter feeding observations are the first reported for this specific salmonid assemblage and will help managers better understand interspecific associations during this critical period.
The creative artists support group: a therapeutic environment to promote creativity and mental health through person-centered facilitation

In this article, a variety of what the author refers to as creative artists support groups are described. The descriptions illustrate a great deal of divergence in terms of structure and ra...
Ly-alpha and H-alpha emission by superthermal proton beams

Simnett and Harrison (1984) have presented a model in which 100-1000 keV protons are an energy transfer agent linking coronal mass ejections and solar flares. Orrall and Zirker (1976) suggested that such protons, incident upon the chromosphere, would produce nonthermal Ly-alpha emission after charge exchange with ambient chromospheric hydrogen atoms. The present investigation is concerned with a study of the charge-exchange mechanism proposed by Orral and Zirker. The physical theory of the formation of nonthermal Ly-alpha (and H-alpha) emission is considered, taking into account photon emission, atomic transitions, atomic equilibrium, the dominant atomic processes, and the stopping of superthermal protons. Computational results presented by Orrall and Zirker are extended.
Recurrent or De Novo Allograft Steatosis and Long-term Outcomes After Liver Transplantation.

BACKGROUND Hepatic steatosis is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease in the general population. Whether recurrent or de novo, it can occur in the allograft, but the impact on survival and long-term clinical outcomes remains unclear. In this study, we aim to determine both the frequency and impact of allograft steatosis on long-term posttransplant outcomes. METHODS A retrospective review of 588 adult liver transplant (LT) recipients (1999-2006) was performed. Cox regression analysis (time-dependent) was used to evaluate differences in time to steatosis post-LT, patient survival, and cardiovascular outcomes. RESULTS Mean age 51.9 ± 10.6 years, 64.6% males, underlying nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) (9.4%), previous tobacco (52%), pre-LT diabetes mellitus (30.3%), pre-LT hypertension (23.2%), and known cardiovascular disease (9.7%). Overall, 254 recipients developed allograft steatosis (at 10 years: 77.6% NASH recipients, 44.7% Non-NASH recipients). Risk factors for allograft steatosis were female sex (hazard ratio [HR], 1.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-2.00; P = 0.014), hepatitis C virus diagnosis (HR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.77-3.94; P < 0.001), and time-dependent BMI (per unit: HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.05-1.10; P < 0.001). Allograft steatosis was not associated with post-LT survival (P = 0.25) nor cardiovascular events (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.73-1.59; P = 0.70). Underlying NASH associated with cardiovascular events (HR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.37-3.04; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Allograft steatosis is common but not associated with survival or cardiovascular events in this study. Larger prospective studies are needed to better define the natural history of allograft steatosis.
Regulation of Keratinization during the Development of the Avian Feather and Scutate Scale

Unlike other vertebrates birds and reptiles produce beta keratins, in addition to the alpha keratins which appear in the epidermis of all vertebrates. The alpha and beta keratins can be distinguished by their X-ray diffraction patterns, for which they are named (Bell and Thathachari, 1963; Baden and Maderson, 1970), ultrastructural characteristics (Parakkal and Matoltsky, 1968; Sawyer et al., 1974a; b), molecular weights (Walker and Bridgen, 1976), immunological identities (O’Guin et al., 1982), and nucleotide sequences (Molloy et al., 1982). The alpha keratin polypeptides of mammals are products of a multigene family (Moll et al., 1982), which are expressed in a tissue-specific manner (Sun et al., 1983), O’Guin and Sawyer (1982) and O’Guin (1984) have shown that the alpha keratins of birds are also expressed in a tissue-specific manner, and are recognized, on Western Blots, by at least one of the monoclonal antibodies made against human alpha keratins (Sun et al., 1983).
Characterization of Fluidized Bed Combustion Fly Ashes Produced from High Sulfur Coals

Abstract An investigation of five different fly ashes produced by the fluidized-bed combustion of various high and low sulfur coals is reported. The objective of the study was to provide information concerning the properties that might affect their utilization. X-ray fluorescence spectrometry was used to determine the elemental composition of the various samples. The crystalline composition was determined by X-ray diffraction. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the morphology of fly ashes. Other tests that were conducted included particle size determination, temperature rise with water, loss on ignition, and density.
Infrastructure and Transportation

Abstract Since the 1970s, there has been increased massive development in the transportation sector, accelerating the construction of roads, bridges, tunnels, and hardscapes that are eventually causing deadly environmental crisis. We certainly need advanced technology for the infrastructure and transportation sector to mitigate the environmental crisis. Therefore in this chapter, a sustainable infrastructure and high-tech transportation system has been proposed by implementing all possible advanced engineering applications to confirm an environmentally friendly infrastructure and faster, cleaner, and safer transportation system to develop a resilient urban and rural area.
Putative Drone Copulation Factors Regulating Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Queen Reproduction and Health: A Review

Honey bees are major pollinators of agricultural and non-agricultural landscapes. In recent years, honey bee colonies have exhibited high annual losses and commercial beekeepers frequently report poor queen quality and queen failure as the primary causes. Honey bee colonies are highly vulnerable to compromised queen fertility, as each hive is headed by one reproductive queen. Queens mate with multiple drones (male bees) during a single mating period early in life in which they obtain enough spermatozoa to fertilize their eggs for the rest of their reproductive life span. The process of mating initiates numerous behavioral, physiological, and molecular changes that shape the fertility of the queen and her influence on the colony. For example, receipt of drone semen can modulate queen ovary activation, pheromone production, and subsequent worker retinue behavior. In addition, seminal fluid is a major component of semen that is primarily derived from drone accessory glands. It also contains a complex mixture of proteins such as proteases, antioxidants, and antimicrobial proteins. Seminal fluid proteins are essential for inducing post-mating changes in other insects such as Drosophila and thus they may also impact honey bee queen fertility and health. However, the specific molecules in semen and seminal fluid that initiate post-mating changes in queens are still unidentified. Herein, we summarize the mating biology of honey bees, the changes queens undergo during and after copulation, and the role of drone semen and seminal fluid in post-mating changes in queens. We then review the effects of seminal fluid proteins in insect reproduction and potential roles for honey bee drone seminal fluid proteins in queen reproduction and health. We finish by proposing future avenues of research. Further elucidating the role of drone fertility in queen reproductive health may contribute towards reducing colony losses and advancing honey bee stock development.
57Th International Mathematical Olympiad

(2016). 57Th International Mathematical Olympiad. Mathematics Magazine: Vol. 89, No. 5, pp. 388-397.
Review of Wildfire Management Techniques—Part I: Causes, Prevention, Detection, Suppression, and Data Analytics

This two-part paper is intended to inform power system engineers, electrical engineering academicians, and suppliers of electrical apparatus of the threat of wildfires initiated from mal-operation of electrical grids and the unexploited opportunity to develop proper solutions and preventive means to such lethal events. This part (Part I) reviews and categorizes research in different fields of science and industrial projects that attempt to address wildfire issues. The topics include prediction and prevention means, detection methods, monitoring and surveillance techniques, suppression methods, allocation and mapping algorithms, and a summary of research and educational efforts. Subsequently, this paper highlights the damages and negative effects that a wildfire can cause to the electric grid and the interruptions to its continuous operation. Finally, this paper analyzes and categorizes the various scenarios of faulty electrical networks that may lead to wildfires. Part I of this paper provides the ground work and information for the solutions and discussions presented in Part II.
Application of Advanced Technologies for the Treatment of Lower Extremity Arterial Disease

Lower extremity peripheral arterial occlusive disease poses a unique challenge to traditional angioplasty-based endovascular therapies. Factors that negatively affect the long-term results of percutaneous intervention include the length of the diseased segment, the presence of total occlusion, diabetes mellitus, poor distal runoff, and critical limb ischemia as the clinical presentation. Chronic total occlusion may be present in up to 40 % of patients undergoing treatment for symptomatic peripheral arterial disease, and procedural success rates have historically been lower in the setting of chronic total occlusion. These challenges have spawned the development of a host of new technologies in an attempt to improve the safety and effectiveness of percutaneous revascularization for lower extremity peripheral arterial disease.
Discrete Variable (DV) QKD

This chapter is devoted to the discrete variable (DV) QKD protocols and represents the continuation of Chap. 6. The chapter starts with the description of BB84 and decoy-state-based protocols, and evaluation of their secrecy fraction performance in terms of achievable distance. The next topic is related to the security of DV-QKD protocols when the resources are finite. We introduce the concept of composable e-security and describe how it can be evaluated for both collective and coherent attacks. We also discuss how the concept of correctness and secrecy can be combined to come up with tight security bounds. After that, we evaluate the BB84 and decoy-state protocols for finite-key assumption over atmospheric turbulence effects. We also describe how to deal with time-varying free-space optical channel conditions. The focus is then moved to high-dimensional (HD) QKD protocols, starting with the description of mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) selection, followed by the introduction of the generalized Bell states. We then describe how to evaluate the security of HD QKD protocols for finite resources. We describe various HD QKD protocols, including time-phase encoding, time-energy encoding, OAM-based HD QKD, fiber Bragg grating (FBGs)-based HD QKD, and waveguide Bragg gratings (WBGs)-based HD QKD protocols.
Does God make a difference for student affairs? Emerging student affairs in the Christian story:

Despite a focus on the holistic formation of students, nonreligious narratives shape student affairs theories and professional practice guidelines. Recognizing this problem, Christian scholar-pract...
Massive Pulmonary Hemorrhage During Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy

Pulmonary hemorrhage is rare, but it does occur during certain surgeries, and severe cases can be life-threatening. The management of pulmonary hemorrhage is challenging, often requiring advanced techniques and equipment. Rapid diagnosis and identification of the bleeding source are crucial to successful management of pulmonary hemorrhage. Physiologic perturbations can create a challenging situation where immediate action is required in multiple domains. Management of a coagulopathy is often critical during the treatment of pulmonary hemorrhage. Various therapies, ranging from noninvasive to invasive, may be required to successfully and safely manage a patient with pulmonary hemorrhage. In this chapter, we discuss a case of massive pulmonary hemorrhage following cardiopulmonary bypass in a patient undergoing pulmonary thromboendarterectomy and describe the anesthetic management necessary to safely and successfully manage the challenging disease process.
Unsupervised Impedance and Topology Estimation of Distribution Networks—Limitations and Tools

Distribution network models are often inaccurate or nonexistent. This work considers the problem of estimating the impedance and topology of distribution networks from noisy synchronized phasor measurements of nodal voltages and current injections, without any prior network information. We prove fundamental limits for unsupervised estimation of electrical networks, establishing effective impedance between active nodes as the core, generally-attainable network information. We propose a noise-robust technique for estimating effective impedances via the reduced Laplacian form of the Kron reduced admittance matrix, termed the “subKron” form. We present the Complex Recursive Grouping algorithm to reconstruct radial networks from effective impedances. Simulation results on noisy data demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed methods for small networks, and the challenges of applying them to large networks. Evaluations of estimation and reconstruction accuracy with decreasing signal to noise ratio highlight fundamental tradeoffs in unsupervised network estimation performance from noisy measurements.
Glocal Engagements with Contemporary Art

This chapter uses the narrative-hermeneutical approach to classify, understand, and evaluate art. The glocal artist situates himself or herself in a context that is exposed and criticizes, or reacts to, local cultures, neighboring cultures, and globalization as an unavoidable process of cultural fragmentation. This chapter looks at nine representative artists that create glocal art out of various narrative frames. The work of Diedrick Brackens, Wendy Red Star, and director Alfonso Cuaron will be surveyed as examples of the local narrative; the work of Shahzia Sikander, Ransome Stanley, and Joyce Yu-Jean Lee will be looked at as examples of the transnational narrative; and the work of Lucy Orta, Ruth Sacks, and Alex Hartley will be discussed as examples of the emerging global narrative. These case studies offer a clear and practical vision of a global theory of art in the present.
Is Your Organization Ready for the LIBOR Sunset

It is expected that InterBank Offered Rates (IBOR) will cease to exist at the end of 2021. IBORs are interest rates constructed by banks based on estimates of borrowing costs between banking institutions. Three examples include LIBOR (London), HIBOR (Hong Kong), and TIBOR (Tokyo). After 2021, banks will no longer be encouraged by bank regulators to make IBOR submissions, thus precipitating the demise of the IBOR. Unfortunately, hundreds of trillions of dollars of loans and derivative instruments are based on IBOR indexes. As a result, many firms will have to amend or replace current loan agreements and hedging documents to account for the change. In this article, the authors provide a brief history of LIBOR. Then the authors consider the accounting impact of IBOR’s sunset under current and proposed US accounting standards and international accounting standards. Most important, the authors recommend that firms address the issue in the near future, rather than waiting until the IBOR sunsets at the end of 2021. TOPICS:CLOs, CDOs, and other structured credit, legal and regulatory issues for structured finance, financial crises and financial market history Key Findings • IBOR sunset has the potential to create significant financial reporting issues. • The financial reporting issues related to LIBOR sunset could impact businesses in many different industries. • Companies should start preparing now for the upcoming IBOR transition.
The Role of Brand Love: Application of the Hierarchy of Effects Model

Understanding the attributes that build consumer loyalty is particularly critical to fashion companies due to the prevalence of alternatives in the market with low switching costs. The significance of this study is extending the knowledge on the role of brand love using the hierarchy of effects model in the context of fashion consumer behaviors. A questionnaire in which participants provided self-reported responses was created to measure the constructs. A two-step approach, a measurement and a structural model was used for the statistical analysis. The results indicated that consumers who know more about the fashion brands are more likely to have stronger emotional attachment to their favorite fashion brand and brand love, in turn, has a significant effect on performing brand loyal behaviors. In addition, the findings suggested that consumers perceive greater brand love when the brand has similar image to their actual and ideal self-images.
Experimental and numerical study on the tensile failure behavior of toughened-interlayer composite laminates with automated fiber placement (AFP) induced gap and overlap defects

Predictive computational modeling of the effect of automated fiber placement (AFP) defects on the structural performance of aerospace structural composites is of importance in preliminary design. A finite element method (FEM) based framework is presented for the analysis of the quasi-static tensile response of quasi-isotropic [45/0/ -?45/90]2s laminates containing controlled gaps and overlaps in the 90° plies with different defect sizes $\left (\frac {1}{2}", \frac {1}{4}", \frac {1}{8}", \frac {1}{16}"\right )$ . Consolidated ply geometries were obtained from micro-graphs of actual fabricated specimens in order to capture the effect of out-of-plane misalignments induced by these imperfections. The FEM models were generated in Abaqus CAE with a Python script, in a ply-by-ply manner. The material model for the virtual testing is a multiscale continuum progressive damage and failure model (MCDM), in which the prepeak nonlinear response is based on multiscale micromechanical formulations and the postpeak meso-scale response is modeled with the crack band method (CB). The FEM results were compared to experimental results and showed good agreement in failure modes and mechanical response. The ultimate tensile strength was predicted with reasonable accuracy for most of the cases. With both experimental and numerical analyses, this paper provides a better understanding of the progressive tensile failure of toughened composites (T800S/3900) with gap and overlap defects.