cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Contingent Efficacies in Buryat Tibetan Medicine

Focusing on sites of encounter between post-socialist biomedicine and Tibetan medicine in Eastern Siberia, this article explores overlapping ideologies of efficacy at work. In the absence of a single framework for determining its potencies, Tibetan medicine is caught between multiple regimes of legitimacy necessitated by scientific research, clinical protocols, and state regulatory frameworks. Through an exploration of three ethnographic case studies, this article tracks how those working with Tibetan medicine highlight instead the conditional nature of its therapeutic action. By adopting the frame of contingent efficacies , the article explores how practitioners of Tibetan medicine in Russia conceive of the medicines and techniques they deploy as always already situated extensions of specific social relations, political formations, forms of practice, and epistemological commitments. By pointing to the failures at commensuration with different regimes of abstraction these accounts offer a lens into the cultural politics of medical pluralism in Inner Asia.
Wnt/β-catenin promotes gastric fundus specification in mice and humans

Despite the global prevalence of gastric disease, there are few adequate models in which to study the fundus epithelium of the human stomach. We differentiated human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into gastric organoids containing fundic epithelium by first identifying and then recapitulating key events in embryonic fundus development. We found that disruption of Wnt/β-catenin signalling in mouse embryos led to conversion of fundic to antral epithelium, and that β-catenin activation in hPSC-derived foregut progenitors promoted the development of human fundic-type gastric organoids (hFGOs). We then used hFGOs to identify temporally distinct roles for multiple signalling pathways in epithelial morphogenesis and differentiation of fundic cell types, including chief cells and functional parietal cells. hFGOs are a powerful model for studying the development of the human fundus and the molecular bases of human gastric physiology and pathophysiology, and also represent a new platform for drug discovery.
A2 to B Blood Type Incompatible Deceased Donor Kidney Transplantation in a Recipient Infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Case Report.

Abstract Background With the introduction of the Kidney Allocation System in the United States in December 2014, transplant centers can list eligible B blood type recipients for A2 organ offers. There have been no prior reports of ABO incompatible A2 to B deceased donor kidney transplantation in human immunodeficiency virus-positive (HIV+) recipients to guide clinicians on enrolling or performing A2 to B transplantations in HIV+ candidates. We are the first to report a case of A2 to B deceased donor kidney transplantation in an HIV+ recipient with good intermediate-term results. Methods and Results We describe an HIV+ 39-year-old African American man with end-stage renal disease who underwent A2 to B blood type incompatible deceased donor kidney transplantation. Prior to transplantation, he had an undetectable HIV viral load. The patient was unsensitized, with his most recent anti-A titer data being 1:2 IgG and 1:32 IgG/IgM. Induction therapy of basiliximab and methylprednisolone was followed by a postoperative regimen of plasma exchange, intravenous immunoglobulin, and rituximab with maintenance on tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and prednisone. He had delayed graft function without rejection on allograft biopsy. Nadir serum creatinine was 2.0 mg/dL. He continued to have an undetectable viral load on the same antiretroviral therapy adjusted for renal function. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first report of A2 to B deceased donor kidney transplantation in an HIV+ recipient with good intermediate-term results, suggesting that A2 donor kidneys may be considered for transplantation into HIV+ B-blood type wait list candidates.
Review: Recommendations for care of hip fracture are based on sound evidence

Source Citation Morrison RS, Chassin MR, Siu AL. The medical consultant's role in caring for patients with hip fracture. Ann Intern Med. 1998 Jun 15;128:1010-20. Erratum. Ann Intern Med. In press.
Vitamin D status and skeletal health in black men starting androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer.

e15139 Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer (PCa) is associated with increased incidence of osteoporosis and fractures. However, much of this information is in Caucasi...
Hemispherical Total Emissivity of Potential Structural Materials for Very High Temperature Reactor Systems: Haynes 230

The hemispherical total emissivity of Haynes 230, which is regarded as a leading candidate material for heat exchangers in very high temperature reactor (VHTR) systems, was measured with various su...
Quadratic Forms, Rings and Genera

We have considered quadratic fields \( \Phi \left( {\sqrt D } \right) \) of discriminant d. Here we have constructed the ring of integers (see (9.34)) $$ O = \left[ {1,{\beta _d}} \right],{\beta _d} = \left( {d + \sqrt d } \right)/2. $$ (14.1a) A prime p (> 0 in ℤ) factors into distinct factors, remains inert or ramifies (to a square ideal) according as $$ \left( {d/p} \right) = + 1, - 1,0. $$ (14.1b) This process creates factors p|p where p is an ideal in O and N[ p] = p, but it does not tell us if p is principal. Clearly p is principal if and only if the equation ±p = N(π) is solvable for π ∈ O, (for then p = (π)). If we go back to our definition of “principal form” (3.6), $$ {Q_{D\left( {x,y} \right)}} = \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {{x^2} - D{y^2}, \left( {d = 4D} \right)} \\ {{x^2} + xy + \left( {1 - D} \right){y^2}/4, \left( {d = D} \right)} \end{array}} \right. $$ (14.2) we see that the discovery of principal prime ideals is the same as the solvability of ±p = QD(x,y).
Health Outcomes and Costs of Social Work Services: A Systematic Review.

Background. Efforts to reduce expensive health service utilization, contain costs, improve health outcomes, and address the social determinants of health require research that demonstrates the economic value of health services in population health across a variety of settings. Social workers are an integral part of the US health care system, yet the specific contributions of social work to health and cost-containment outcomes are unknown. The social work profession’s person-in-environment framework and unique skillset, particularly around addressing social determinants of health, hold promise for improving health and cost outcomes.Objectives. To systematically review international studies of the effect of social work–involved health services on health and economic outcomes.Search Methods. We searched 4 databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Social Science Citation Index) by using “social work” AND “cost” and “health” for trials published from 1990 to 2017.Selection Criteria. Abstract review was followed by ...
Continuous-wave operation of m-plane GaN-based vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with a tunnel junction intracavity contact

We have achieved continuous-wave (CW) operation of an optically polarized m-plane GaN-based vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) with an ion implanted current aperture, a tunnel junction intracavity contact, and a dual dielectric distributed Bragg reflector design. The reported VCSEL has 2 quantum wells, with a 14 nm quantum well width, 1 nm barriers, a 5 nm electron-blocking layer, and a 23 λ total cavity thickness. The thermal performance was improved by increasing the cavity length and using Au-In solid-liquid interdiffusion bonding, which led to lasing under CW operation for over 20 min. Lasing wavelengths under pulsed operation were observed at 406 nm, 412 nm, and 419 nm. Only the latter two modes appeared under CW operation due to the redshifted gain at higher temperatures. The peak output powers for a 6 μm aperture VCSEL under CW and pulsed operation were 140 μW and 700 μW, respectively. The fundamental transverse mode was observed without the presence of filamentary lasing. The therma...
Pulmonary manifestations of the collagen vascular diseases.

The collagen vascular diseases are a heterogeneous group of immunologically mediated inflammatory disorders. The organs and tissues that compose the respiratory system are frequently affected by these diseases. Potential targets of the inflammation and injury include the lung parenchyma, tracheobronchial tree, pulmonary vasculature, pleura, larynx, and respiratory muscles. In this article, the spectrum of respiratory disease caused by systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, polymyositis/dermatomyositis, mixed connective tissue disease, ankylosing spondylitis, relapsing polychondritis, and Sjogren's syndrome is reviewed. Where appropriate, therapeutic options are discussed.
Atmospheric pressure plasma jet: A facile method to modify the intimal surface of polymeric tubular conduits

Atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) based modification as a facile method to modify the intimal surface of small caliber nanofibrous tubular tissue scaffolds for potential use as vascular-graft or spinal-cord conduit is reported here. Polycaprolactone, a biomaterial used in the US Food and Drug Administration approved scaffolds for various tissue regeneration and bioabsorbable suture applications, was electrospun into thin nano/microfibers to form seamless three-dimensional (3D) conduits of 4 mm intimal diameter. The 3D conduits were subjected to treatment with an APPJ produced by dielectric barrier discharge using controlled gas flow into ambient atmosphere. He/air or He/air/NH3 gas mixtures combined with 8.5 kV pulsed direct current signal proved effective in creating a sustained and reactive cold plasma jet to modify the intimal surface of tubular scaffolds without affecting its biomechanical properties. The treatment resulted in surface chemistry modification as indicated by enrichment of oxygenated functional groups. Surface chemistry was determined via x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy and glycerol contact angle measurements were used to determine the surface morphology and surface wettability. The data support the conclusion that APPJ is as an effective, facile, and robust approach to modify the intimal surface of small-caliber (<4 mm) tubular conduits (successfully accomplished and initially reported here) for potential applications in vascular and neural tissue engineering.
Grundzüge einer Feldanalyse der Politik nach Bourdieu

In diesem Kapitel werden einige der zentralen Konzepte Bourdieus fur eine Feldanalyse der Politik vorgestellt und die Schlusselbegriffe ‚politisches Kapital‘ und ‚politisches Feld‘ sowie ihre Wechselbeziehung erlautert. Die Haupteigenschaften des politischen Feldes werden erforscht und die Folgen, die eine Feldanalyse fur das Verstandnis zeitgenossischer Politik hat, werden aufgezeigt. Von besonderem Interesse sind jene Auswirkungen, die Reprasentation und Professionalisierung der politischen Fuhrung auf die politische Partizipation haben. Das Kapitel schliest mit einigen Uberlegungen zum Potential dieses Forschungsprogramms und stellt mehrere Ideen vor, die empirische Forschung aus feldanalytischer Perspektive anleiten konnen.
Avoiding Redundancy: Advanced Placement in Social Work Education

Redundancy between graduate and undergraduate social work education is a waste of both program and student time and resources. Graduate programs have several alternative methods for decreasing redundancy, and some of the advantages and disadvantages of three such methods are considered here. After briefly presenting the historical development of the advanced placement issue and identifying the primary goals of undergraduate social work education, a model is given which links the three most common forms of advanced placement. Advanced placements based upon measured student knowledge and skills (outcome method), undergraduate course offerings (content method), and graduation from an accredited undergraduate program (structural method) are contrasted in terms of their advantages and disadvantages to students, programs, and the profession. The limited empirical research on advanced placement is then summarized and several related issues are addressed.
Male partners' role in Latinas' amniocentesis decisions.

There has been relatively little research on men's experiences with fetal diagnosis or their role in their female partners' decisions about whether to be tested. This issue may be of particular salience in the delivery of genetic services to Latino groups, where it is often assumed that lower rates of genetic service utilization are linked to men's refusal to allow their wives to be tested. Here we present data from a multimethod study on the use of amniocentesis by Mexican-origin women in Southern California. We focus on the role male partners played in the women's amniocentesis decisions. Contrary to expectation, we found that women made the majority of the decisions about amniocentesis, although their partners' presence at the genetic consultation where the amniocentesis was offered proved an important predictive factor in amniocentesis uptake.
Computing 2d robot workspace in parallel with CUDA

Workspace analysis is one of the most essential problems in robotics, but also has the possibility of being very tricky in complex cases. As the number of degrees of freedom increases, the complexity of the problem grows exponentially in some solutions. One possibility is to develop solutions which approximate the workspace for speedup, but this paper explores the possibility of using graphical processing units to parallelize and speed up a forward kinematics-based solution. Particular real-time applications are discussed. It presents a formal analysis of a simple 2D problem, a solution, and the results of an experiment using the solution.
Toward digitally controlled catalyst architectures: Hierarchical nanoporous gold via 3D printing

Monolithic nanoporous metals, derived from dealloying, have a unique bicontinuous solid/void structure that provides both large surface area and high electrical conductivity, making them ideal candidates for various energy applications. However, many of these applications would greatly benefit from the integration of an engineered hierarchical macroporous network structure that increases and directs mass transport. We report on 3D (three-dimensional)–printed hierarchical nanoporous gold (3DP-hnp-Au) with engineered nonrandom macroarchitectures by combining 3D printing and dealloying. The material exhibits three distinct structural length scales ranging from the digitally controlled macroporous network structure (10 to 1000 μm) to the nanoscale pore/ligament morphology (30 to 500 nm) controlled by dealloying. Supercapacitance, pressure drop, and catalysis measurements reveal that the 3D hierarchical nature of our printed nanoporous metals markedly improves mass transport and reaction rates for both liquids and gases. Our approach can be applied to a variety of alloy systems and has the potential to revolutionize the design of (electro-)chemical plants by changing the scaling relations between volume and catalyst surface area.
Imaging With WiFi

A new method of creating microwave imagery by capturing the signals emitted by a small set of wireless WiFi transmitters is presented. The imaging technique leverages the fact that the signals emitted by separate WiFi transmitters are sufficiently statistically independent to create a radiation pattern that is spatially incoherent, enabling the use of spatial frequency sampling using a small set of receiving antennas in a sparse array. In contrast to traditional microwave imaging, this method requires no mechanical or electrical beam scanning and no coordination between transmitters and receivers. Furthermore, the WiFi imaging system requires far less receiver gain than passive microwave imagers and significantly less bandwidth. We experimentally demonstrate the 2-D image reconstruction of reflecting metal spheres and an X-shaped reflecting target using three transmitters emitting independent 16-level quadrature amplitude modulated signals at 5.5 GHz matching commercial WiFi protocols 802.11n/ac.
Anatomy Observational Outreach: A Multimodal Activity to Enhance Anatomical Education in Undergraduate Students

Undergraduate students often have difficulty relating the Anatomy and Physiology (A&P) course to their future careers, which may lead to difficulties in graduate school. Thus, the purpose of the Anatomy Observational Outreach (AOO) was to help students make the connection and application between the information presented in A&P labs and real human cadaver, which could encourage students to pursue graduate degrees. The outreach consisted of 99 undergraduate A&P students from Texas Woman’s University in the biology, nursing, kinesiology, health studies, physical therapy, and occupational therapy departments. The methodology consisted of a 30-minute orientation, a graduate student panel, a Q&A session, a 60-minute cadaver observation, and Anatomage table demonstration, amongst others. The impact of AOO was measured by 10-question pre-tests and identical post-tests (1 point each) along with a survey at the end. The tests result demonstrated a significant increase [t(62)=-9.3, p=0.001] in anatomical knowledge. The survey results showed that out of 99 participants, 84% of the students interested in applying to graduate school, 32% of students felt that all of the teaching tools were useful, while 68% concluded the cadaver prosections were the most potent sole educational aid. 65% of the students were ethnic minorities, and 97% were gender minorities. We conclude that AOO yielded distinguished results in retention, and application of A&P knowledge, along with increased interest and excitement for pursuing a STEM and Allied Health degrees.
Percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty attenuates poststenotic kidney mitochondrial damage in pigs with renal artery stenosis and metabolic syndrome.

Percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA) has been used to treat renovascular disease (RVD), a chronic condition characterized by renal ischemia and metabolic abnormalities. Mitochondrial injury has been implicated as a central pathogenic mechanism in RVD, but whether it can be reversed by PTRA remains uncertain. We hypothesized that PTRA attenuates mitochondrial damage, renal injury, and dysfunction in pigs with coexisting renal artery stenosis (RAS) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Four groups of pigs (n = 6 each) were studied after 16 weeks of diet-induced MetS and RAS (MetS + RAS), MetS + RAS treated 4 weeks earlier with PTRA, and Lean and MetS Sham controls. Single-kidney renal blood flow (RBF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were assessed in vivo with multidetector computed tomography, and renal tubular mitochondrial structure and function and renal injury ex vivo. PTRA successfully restored renal artery patency, but mean arterial pressure remained unchanged. Stenotic kidney RBF and GFR, which fell in MetS + RAS compared to MetS, rose after PTRA. PTRA attenuated MetS + RAS-induced mitochondrial structural abnormalities in tubular cells and peritubular capillary endothelial cells, decreased mitochondrial H2 02 production, and increased renal cytochrome-c oxidase-IV activity and ATP production. PTRA also improved cortical microvascular and peritubular capillary density and ameliorated tubular injury and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in the poststenotic kidney. Importantly, renal mitochondrial damage correlated with poststenotic injury and dysfunction. Renal revascularization attenuated mitochondrial injury and improved renal hemodynamics and function in swine poststenotic kidneys. This study suggests a novel mechanism by which PTRA might be relatively effective in ameliorating mitochondrial damage and improving renal function in coexisting MetS and RAS.
Prognostic Risk Stratification of Patients with Moderate Aortic Stenosis.

Background Currently risk stratification of moderate aortic stenosis (AS) is still incipient. The aim of this study was to identify prognostic factors in patients with moderate AS. Methods The prognosis of patients with moderate AS (1 Results Of 696 patients (median age, 77 years; aortic valve area 1.3 cm2; 57% men), 279 (40%) died during a median follow-up period of 3.4 years. Mortality was higher in patients with moderate AS than reference (mortality ratio, 2.43; 95% CI, 2.17–2.72). LVEF Conclusions In patients with moderate AS, those with decreased LVEF and/or SVI are at high risk. Even if these parameters are preserved, patients with elevated E/e′ ratios are at intermediate risk. Further investigation is warranted to assess whether earlier intervention could improve outcomes and reduced cardiac-related death among patients at high and intermediate risk.
A climate change indicator framework for rangelands and pastures of the USA

Rangelands and pastures include grasslands, savannas, shrublands, and woodlands and are often maintained to support grazing animals. Rangelands and pastures cover more than one-third of the land area in the USA and a similar extent globally. The ecosystem goods and services associated with rangeland and pastureland include critical wildlife habitat, forage for livestock, amenities related to water conservation, sustainable soil functions, and soil stabilization and support a diversity of biota and livelihoods. This paper provides a framework for development of a socio-ecological system (SES)–oriented set of indicators for rangeland and pasture systems to support evaluation of impacts of climate and land use changes. These indicators will also serve to inform adaptive management practices. We present a rationale for using an SES approach to evaluate trends and vulnerabilities of rangeland and pasture systems and provide an example of a set of system indicators arising from the SES approach. The indicators include evaporative demand, land cover extent, aboveground plant biomass, human demographics (population age distribution), cattle numbers, and economic value of cattle products relative to total agricultural value. These indicators are not meant to be comprehensive but are offered to illustrate how they might be used in a SES approach to plan for, assess, and mitigate climate change impacts. The conceptual framework provides a systems perspective on the impact of climate change on the socio-ecological dynamics of rangeland and pasture systems including measures of the resilience and vulnerability of ecosystem services with respect to the six indicators. The article focusses on livestock production in rangeland ecosystems, recognizing that additional work is needed to address pastures and other ecosystem services. Examples of the types of regional information associated with the indicators are provided. Guidance for future efforts in indicator development is offered. This framework will serve to guide future development of indicators for rangeland and pasture components of a larger national effort of indicators.
Comment Letter - Office of the Comptroller of the Currency: Warning of the Dangers Posed by the Shadow Payment System and Shadow Digital Money

This comment letter was submitted in response to the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) advance notice of proposed rule-making regarding the digital activities of National Banks and Savings Associations. For the reasons set out in this letter, we believe that the OCC’s proposed approach to regulating new financial technologies, institutions, and platforms is fundamentally flawed. Rather than focus on relaxing the regulatory framework governing banks, we believe that the OCC should consider how to strengthen the legal regime governing an emerging contingent of non-bank financial institutions that now compete with banks in the realm of money and payments. This comment letter describes the business models of these new institutions, the antiquated and inadequate legal regimes that currently govern them, and the serious and growing risks they pose. This letter suggests modest and straightforward reforms that the OCC should recommend to Congress that would require these firms to back their monetary liabilities 1:1 with bank deposits. These reforms would harmonize state and federal law, prevent a weakening of the prudential safeguards that ensure the safety and soundness of money institutions, and yet still allow both banks and non-bank payment platforms to offer innovative services. These reforms would also be superior to alternative approaches such as a federal payments charter, which would likely prompt a dangerous race to the bottom between state and federal regulators.
Predicting Opioid Prescriptions based on Patient Demographics in MIMIC-IV

Opioids are widely used analgesics because of their efficacy, mild sedative and anxiolytic properties, and flexibility to administer through multiple routes. Understanding the demographics of the patients receiving these medications helps provide customized care for the susceptible group of people. We conducted a demographic evaluation of the frequently prescribed opioid drug prescriptions from the MIMIC IV database. We analyzed prescribing patterns of six commonly used opioids with demographics such as age, gender, ethnicity, marital status, and year predominantly. After conducting exploratory data analysis, we built models using Logistic Regression, Random Forest, and XGBoost to predict opioid prescriptions and demographics for those. We also analyzed the association between demographics and the frequency of prescribed medications for pain management. We found statistically significant differences in opioid prescriptions among the male and female population, married and unmarried, various ages, ethnic groups, and an association with in-hospital deaths.
How to program my universal Turing machine in LISP

Okay, so now we’ve got a fairly simple version of LISP. Its interpreter is only three hundred lines of Mathematica code, and it’s less than a thousand lines C and Java. So let’s use it!
Cerro Prieto Power Station, Baja California Norte, Mexico

Mexico was among the earliest countries to operate a commercial geothermal power plant at a liquid-dominated resource, commissioning its first single-flash plant in 1973. Currently, Mexico is the world's third largest generator of electricity from geothermal energy with a total installed capacity of 953 MW. Las Tres Virgenes is about half-way down the Baja California peninsula in a volcanic complex, and generates 10 MW from two 5 MW units. Cerro Prieto, the focus of this chapter, lies south of California's Imperial Valley, just over the border from the United States, and has an installed capacity of 720 MW. Reservoir models have been constructed based on this wealth of information. One numerical model was developed to assess the possibility of adding an 80 MW plant to the then-existing three plants using wells to the east of those that were supplying CP-III. The power units at Cerro Prieto were developed sequentially over a period of 27 years starting with CP-I Unit 1 in 1973 and culminating in 2000 with the installation of the four-unit, 100 MW plant at CP-IV. Plans are now underway to move the flash station from next to the evaporation pond, and to have two of them situated closer to the CP-II and CP-III well fields in order to use the waste brine as well as excess low-pressure steam from those plants to bring Unit 5 back to its rated output.
The Ocean Voyager II: an AUV designed for coastal oceanography

The Ocean Voyager II is a small long-range AUV designed for coastal oceanography. A system overview and design constraints are given with reference to the specific mission of bottom classification through light reflectance and absorption measurement. This mission requires the AUV to fly above the sea floor at a constant altitude while measuring the albedo of the bottom and the absorption of certain light frequencies by plant life. Important navigation, sensing, power, computation control, and configuration issues are discussed. The OVII has been developed by Florida Atlantic University's Ocean Engineering Dept. in cooperation with the University of South Florida's Marine Science Department to provide more efficient means of sampling the coastal ocean regions. Of great importance is ground-truthing satellite spectrometry. Current measurements of bottom albedos are limited in density and scope. The OVII provides a means of covering large areas of the ocean floor in an efficient manner. This paper provides insights gained from the development effort and describes initial testing of the vehicle. The potential of AUV's in coastal oceanographic missions is discussed in light of the experience gained from the initial testing of the OVII.
Chemical evolution of the Salton Sea, California: nutrient and selenium dynamics

The Salton Sea is a 1000-km2 terminal lake located in the desert area of southeastern California. This saline (∼44 000 mg l−1 dissolved solids) lake started as fresh water in 1905–07 by accidental flooding of the Colorado River, and it is maintained by agricultural runoff of irrigation water diverted from the Colorado River. The Salton Sea and surrounding wetlands have recently acquired substantial ecological importance because of the death of large numbers of birds and fish, and the establishment of a program to restore the health of the Sea. In this report, we present new data on the salinity and concentration of selected chemicals in the Salton Sea water, porewater and sediments, emphasizing the constituents of concern: nutrients (N and P), Se and salinity. Chemical profiles from a Salton Sea core estimated to have a sedimentation rate of 2.3 mm yr−1 show increasing concentrations of OC, N, and P in younger sediment that are believed to reflect increasing eutrophication of the lake. Porewater profiles from two locations in the Sea show that diffusion from bottom sediment is only a minor source of nutrients to the overlying water as compared to irrigation water inputs. Although loss of N and Se by microbial-mediated volatilization is possible, comparison of selected element concentrations in river inputs and water and sediments from the Salton Sea indicates that most of the N (from fertilizer) and virtually all of the Se (delivered in irrigation water from the Colorado River) discharged to the Sea still reside within its bottom sediment. Laboratory simulation on mixtures of sediment and water from the Salton Sea suggest that sediment is a potential source of N and Se to the water column under aerobic conditions. Hence, it is important that any engineered changes made to the Salton Sea for remediation or for transfer of water out of the basin do not result in remobilization of nutrients and Se from the bottom sediment into the overlying water.
Design and effectiveness of small-sized decoupled dispatch queues

Continuing demands for high degrees of Instruction Level Parallelism (ILP) require large dispatch queues in modern superscalar microprocessors. However, such large queues are inevitably accompanied by high circuit complexity which correspondingly limits the pipeline clock rates. This is due to the fact that most of today's designs are based upon a centralized dispatch queue which depends on globally broadcasting operations to wake up and select the ready instructions. As an alternative to this conventional design, we propose the design of hierarchically distributed dispatch queues, based on the access/execute decoupled architecture model. Simulation results based on 14 data intensive benchmarks show that our DDQ (Decoupled Dispatch Queues) design achieves performance comparable to a superscalar machine with a large dispatch queue. We also show that our DDQ can be designed with small-sized, distributed dispatch queues which consequently can be implemented with low hardware complexity and high clock rates.
A cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan mediates neural cell adhesion and spreading on a defined sequence from the C-terminal cell and heparin binding domain of fibronectin, FN-C/H II

FN-C/H II is a heparin binding synthetic peptide from the C-terminal cell and heparin binding domain of fibronectin (FN) that mediates neuronal cell adhesion, spreading, and neurite outgrowth. Cellular interactions with FN-C/H II are inhibited by soluble heparin, suggesting that a cell-surface proteoglycan may mediate interactions with FN-C/H II (Haugen et al., 1990). To test this hypothesis further, heparan sulfate (HS) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was removed from the cell surface by enzyme treatment. Heparitinase but not chondroitinase treatment of cells inhibited rat B104 neuroblastoma cell adhesion and spreading on FN-C/H II. Additionally, heparitinase treatment decreased the spreading of cells on the 33/66 kDa fragments containing the C- terminal heparin binding domain of FN. Furthermore, antibodies generated against a mouse melanoma HS proteoglycan (HSPG) inhibited B104 cell adhesion to FN-C/H II and the 33/66 kDa FN fragments. 35S- HSPG isolated from B104 cells directly bound to FN-C/H II both in solid phase assays and by affinity chromatography, but failed to bind to a control peptide from this region, CS1. The binding of 35S-HSPG was predominantly mediated by the HS and not the core protein of the HSPG. SDS-PAGE of iodinated HSPG demonstrated a single 78 kDa core protein following heparitinase digestion, which migrated at 51 kDa under nonreducing conditions. Anti-HSPG antibodies recognized the 78 kDa core protein by immunoblotting, and stained the surface of rat B104 neuroblastoma cells and cells of the primary neonatal rat nervous system. These results identify a cell-surface HSPG that likely mediates neuronal cell binding interactions with FN-C/H II.
Impacts of sustainable value and business stewardship on lifestyle practices in clothing consumption

With a rising interest in the sustainable issue on the part of society and industry, comprehending the dynamics of the sustainable phenomenon can empower marketers and researchers to devise effective marketing strategies and advance theoretical knowledge for the fashion and textile discipline. While consumer sustainable lifestyle practices and business stewardship implementation have been neglected in the fashion and textiles industries, this study aims to test the sustainable VALS framework by identifying the sustainable value and lifestyle practices, and examining the impacts of business stewardship on consumer sustainable practices. The results of the data (n = 239) from a US university identified feasible dimensions of sustainable value, lifestyle practices, and business stewardships. Upon testing multiple regression analysis for the sustainable VALS framework, all 12 hypotheses were supported to validate the significant impacts of sustainable values and business stewardship on the consumers’ practices of a sustainable lifestyle on fashion product consumption. Specifically, altruistic, openness to change, anthropocentrism, and ecocentrism values are of interest; and the business stewardship of eco-labels and CSR drives play pivotal roles in promoting consumers’ sustainable lifestyle practices.
Immunocytochemical localization of glutamic acid decarboxylase in neuronal somata following colchicine inhibition of axonal transport

Abstract The enzyme that synthesizes the neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), has been immunocytochemically localized in the somata and dendrites of certain neurons in rat cerebellum and Ammom's horn following colchicine injections into these two brain regions. In the cerebellum. GAD-positive reaction product was observed in the somata and proximal dendrites of Purkinje, Golgi II, basket and stellate neurons. Occasional staining of the proximal portions of axons was also observed in these colchicine-injected preparations. None of the somata or dendrites of these same cell types exhibited reaction product in preparations that were not pretreated with colchicine, although the axon terminals of these neurons were GAD-positive. In Ammon's horn, the somata of a few cells that are classified as probable basket and other short-axon neurons contained detectable concentrations of GAD in preparations that were not pretreated with colchicine. However, following colchicine injections into the Ammon's horn, there was approximately a five-fold increase in the number of GAD-positive somata of basket and other short-axon neurons. There was also a substantial increase in the extent of dendritic staining exhibited by these neurons. Control injections of saline and lumicolchicine produced the same results as those observed in preparations which were not pretreated with colchicine. Thus, the results from the control injections indicate that the increases in somal and dendritic staining are due to a colchicine-mediated inhibition of the somatofugal transport of GAD rather than to a non-specific effect of the drug and/or the injection procedure. The results of the present study permit the direct identification of the neuronal somata in the cerebellum and Ammon's horn whose synaptic terminals probably use GABA as their neurotransmitter. On the basis of the present findings, a reasonable explanation for the failure of earlier immunocytological studies to detect somal GAD in certain GABAergic neurons is that the axonal transport of GAD appears to occur at a sufficiently rapid rate to limit the somal concentration of GAD to low, undetectable levels.
Stacking fault defects in hep cobalt studied by PAC

A study was made of lattice defects in hep Co metal using the technique of perturbed γ-γ angular correlations. Lattice sites of111Cd impurities were characterized by their nuclear magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole interaction frequencies, respectively ωL and ωO. The signal for defect-free substitutional Cd impurities was found to have collinear interactions at 77K, with ωL=438 Mrad/s and ωO=7 Mrad/s. Analysis of measurements after heavy deformation at 100 K and after annealings up to 700 K gave little evidence of thermal trapping of point defects. However, in all spectral measured after deformation, a highly stable defect site with ωL=418 and ωO Mrad/s, and showing collinear interactions, was also observed. It is attributed to a111Cd probe in a stacking fault (SF). Assuming a random distribution of proble atoms and SF's, a SF density of 20% was estimated.
NaCl and LiCl efficacy in the induction of aversion for quinine and saccharin solutions immediately following injection

Rats 24-hr water deprived were injected IP with a fixed amount (10 ml/kg) of solution of various concentrations of LiCl and NaCl in dosage ranges which in previous experiments either increased or had no effect on water intake. Intake of 0.01% QHCl decreased with increasing concentrations of both NaCl and LiCl. On a molar basis, LiCl was more effeictive. LiCl also produced an aversion to a palatable solution, 0.1% sodium saccharin; however, NaCl produced no aversion over the dosage range which can be tolerated by the animals.
A Short Internal Eliminated Sequence with Central Conserved Sequences Interrupting the LA‐MSC Gene of the 81 Locus in the Hypotrichous Ciliates Oxytricha fallax and O. trifallax

IES-LA is a short Internal Eliminated Sequence interrupting LA-MSC, a protein-coding gene of the 81 locus of Oxytricha fallax and O. trifallax. IES-LA is precisely excised from the gene during development of the macronucleus. The internal eliminated sequence is bounded by CAAT ... AATG, and thereby resembles a TBE1 transposon internal eliminated sequence insertion that is grossly shortened (4.1 kbp to 52-64 bp), consistent with the hypothesis that short IESs are degenerated ancient transposons. The pattern of sequence conservation between five alleles of IES-LA shows that it differs from previously characterized classes of ciliate short IESs: while many short IESs have conserved ends and diverged centers, IES-LA is more conserved in its center and its ends are diverged. This implies a excision mechanism for IES-LA that is distinct from those for other known Oxytricha IESs.
Preparation of Cyclopentadienyltricarbonylrhenium Complexes Using a Double Ligand-Transfer Reaction

A unique double ligand-transfer reaction is described for the preparation of substituted cyclopentadienyltricarbonylrhenium complexes. In the reaction, potassium perrhenate(VII) is reduced and carbonylated by treatment with chromium trichloride and chromium hexacarbonyl to provide a proposed alkoxy carbonyl rhenium(I) intermediate. It is believed that this intermediate then undergoes a Cp ligand-transfer reaction with an acyl-substituted ferrocene to provide the corresponding (acyl-cyclopentadienyl)tricarbonylrhenium complex. A strongly coordinating solvent such as methanol is necessary to promote the reduction of perrhenate, and a carbonyl substituent conjugated to the Cp ring is necessary to activate it for transfer from iron to rhenium. This method has potential value for the synthesis of rhenium and technetium organometallic radiopharmaceuticals.
Decision-Making Style: The Development and Assessment of a New Measure

A multistage, four sample study was conducted to develop a conceptually consistent and psychometrically sound measure of decision-making style. Construct definitions were developed from prior theory, and items were written to assess rational, avoidant, intuitive, and dependent decision-making styles. A series of principal-axis factor analyses with varimax rotation and subsequent item analyses were conducted to develop four conceptually distinct scales with acceptable internal consistency (alpha ranging from .68 to .94) and a stable factor structure. In the process of scale development, a fifth style (spontaneous) was identified. Tests for independence among the five decision-making style scales and concurrent validity analyses were conducted. Finally, discussion of the new instrument with reference to the extant literature is provided.
Consuming Appetites: Food, Sex, and Freedom in Sylvia Plath’s The Bell Jar

Descriptions of food in literature and popular media whet appetites as well as imaginations. Whether reading about Marcel Proust’s magical madeleines or browsing the luscious images of chiffon cake...
Utilizing conjoint analysis to explicate health care decision making by emergency department nurses: a feasibility study

This descriptive study tests the feasibility of using clinical simulation to understand proxy decision making by emergency department nurses for individuals with intellectual disability (ID). Results from a conjoint analysis used to identify decision-making patterns indicated that nurses relied on future health status, functional status, and family input while making important health care decisions for their clients. This information enhances our understanding of the complex array of services and supports that nurses are expected to provide. As individuals with ID age and experience increased morbidity, the role of the nurse and caregivers as critical health care decision makers is increasing.
Improved determination of hydrogen peroxide by measurement of peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence

Abstract Chemiluminescence from the reaction of bis-(2,4,5-trichloro-6-carbopentoxyphenyl) oxalate with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of triethylamine in t-butanol—water has been investigated as a means of determining hydrogen peroxide. Increasing the percentage of t-butanol increases the signal-to-background ratio but reduces the absolute magnitude of the emission signal. The sensitivity is greatest in aqueous solutions at pH 8; the response is linear from the detection limit (2 × 10-8 M) to 10-3 M. The system is also shown to respond linearly to uric acid concentrations in the range 1–4 × 10-6 M, when uricase is used to catalyze uric acid oxidation to yield hydrogen peroxide.
The U-Curve Adjustment Hypothesis Revisited: A Review and Theoretical Framework

The cross-cultural adjustment research literature has largely been conducted from an atheoretical perspective. When a theoretical framework is imposed, the U-Curve adjustment theory has been the one most commonly used. The lack of a comprehensive review of the empirical literature on the U-Curve adjustment theory has allowed scholars to accept or dismiss the theory on grounds other than that of empirical evidence. This paper reviews the empirical literature and proposes a theoretical framework and research agenda for future research on cross-cultural adjustment.
A stress-free packaging solution for planar waveguide-based photonic components

It is a challenge to simultaneously prevent the fiber ribbons from internal stress in the planar waveguide-based components and protect the ribbons from external stress. We have achieved this by simply incorporating two soft elastomer gaskets into each conventional packaging to compensate the mismatched thermal expansion between the fiber ribbon and packaging case, and fastening the fiber ribbon to the case to transfer their external load away. The involved process was easily implemented at a minimum cost, and the packaged variable optical attenuators and arrayed waveguide gratings were free of internal ribbon stress and able to meet the fiber-handling requirement as specified by Telcordia GR 1209 test.
Transcritical Vaporization and Combustion of LOX Droplet Arrays in a Convective Environment

Abstract The behavior of an array of liquid oxygen droplets vaporizing and burning in a gaseous mixture of hydrogen and water vapor at conditions supercritical for both propellants is investigated. The main objective is to investigate the effect of species and temperature non-uniformity (due to the presence of other droplets) on a LOX droplet transcritical behavior. Previously validated high-pressure phase equilibria computation algorithms and appropriate methods for the evaluation of thermophysical properties over wide temperature and pressure ranges are used. A simplified “parallel stream” configuration is considered. However, the contribution of the mass vaporized to the overall mass flux, is included in a quasi-steady manner. Hence the longitudinal velocity is non-uniform. Finite-rate chemical kinetics is used with a reduced four-step mechanism, three of which are assumed to be at partial equilibrium. The droplets are followed in a Lagrangian manner. The model used to predict the droplet behavior incl...
Comparison of prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and hostility in elderly patients with heart failure, myocardial infarction, and a coronary artery bypass graft

Objective This study sought to compare the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and hostility among 3 clinically diverse elderly cardiac patient cohorts and a reference group of healthy elders. Methods This was a multicenter, comparative study. A total of 1167 individuals participated: 260 healthy elders, and 907 elderly cardiac patients who were at least 3 months past a hospitalization (478 heart-failure patients, 298 postmyocardial infarction patients, and 131 postcoronary artery bypass graft patients). Symptoms of anxiety, depression, and hostility were measured using the Multiple Affect Adjective Checklist. Results The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and hostility was higher in patients in each of the cardiac patient groups than in the group of healthy elders. Almost three quarters of patients with heart failure reported experiencing symptoms of depression, and the heart-failure group manifested the greatest percentage of patients with depressive symptoms. Conclusions The high levels of emotional distress common in cardiac patients are not a function of aging, because healthy elders exhibit low levels of anxiety, depression, and hostility.
Multiple Production of W and Z as a Signal of New Strong Interactions

Anomalously large cross sections for multi W and Z final states will occur at SSC energies if electroweak symmetry breaking is due to new strong interactions.