cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Elemental patterns in roots and foliage of mature spruce across a gradient of soil aluminium

Tissue concentrations of Al in red and Norway spruce trees were compared across 5 sites in North America and Europe as part of an investigation of Al biogeochemistry in forested ecosystems (ALBIOS). Fine roots and foliage were sampled and analyzed for Al, Ca, Mg, and P, and the chemistry of soil and soil solutions was characterized at each plot by horizon. Sites exhibited a wide range in soil Al saturation and in concentrations of Al and sulfate in lysimeter solutions. Aluminium concentrations in roots were two orders of magnitude higher than those in foliage. Fine roots (<1.0 mm) from B horizons had the highest Al concentrations and appeared to be the best phytoindicators of plant-available Al. Aluminium concentrations in fine roots from B horizons were highly correlated with soil solution monomeric Al, and with Al in 0.01 M SrC2. soil extracts. Stronger soil Al extractants were generally poor predictors of concentrations of Al in plant tissue. Sites with higher levels of plant-available Al supported spruce trees with correspondingly lower foliar levels of Ca and Mg. As such, these field sites provided circumstantial evidence that Al may be interfering with Ca and Mg uptake and transport. No evidence was found of Al interference with P uptake or transport at these sites.
Tourism and understanding - the MBA study mission.

Abstract The literature suggests that limited attention has been paid to the international student market despite its growing volume. This study examines a particular segment of it, the MBA business study mission, which has received far less research attention still. Using participants of a university sponsored Middle East study tour group from Singapore as a test population, this paper discusses how attitudes and perceptions of students are affected by participation in such an in-depth tourism experience, and how this in turn has significant positive and negative impacts upon their attitudes towards their hosts and host countries.
Activation of Molecular Oxygen

This article summarizes the various ways that transition metal ions can function to activate 02. Included are discussions of autoxidation reactions, Wacker oxidations and oxidations of phenols by metal bound 02. Metal activation to form H202 and its use in oxidations are discussed along with some stoichiometric oxygen atom transfer reactions.
Communication that Develops Teams: Healthy Ministry Team Dynamics as a Function of Consistent Leader Communication of Emotional Intelligence:

Excellent communication by emotionally intelligent leaders is key to ministry team health. Such communication has been noted to be the medium utilized to both motivate and develop either a subordin...
Immunization Coverage Evaluation for the Period of years 2012-2016 in Korce-Albania

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate vaccination coverage retrospectively from birth to 14 year-old children for the period of years 2012-2016, considering also some factors that influence vaccine uptake. Methods: Immunization coverage is the proportion of the number of children vaccinated and those scheduled for vaccination. In this study, this value was calculated referring to the national immunization schedule against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, Hepatitis B, mumps, rubella and measles for the district of Korca. Results: Vaccine coverage levels referring to this district for MMR vaccine resulted to be 97.4% and for Hepatitis B vaccine resulted to be always above 98%. As for the third dose of the DTP-HepB-Hib vaccine, the average value was found to be 96%. Conclusion: The 2015-2016 period showed an increase in vaccine coverage values for the DTP vaccine. Also, during this period there was a noticeable drop in the coverage levels for the third booster dose of the penta-valent vaccine (DTP-Hep.B-Hib). Vaccine coverage values analyzed for the year 2016 showed a non-optimal continuity regarding to the fourth booster dose of TT/ Td vaccine.
The very ivory tower: pathways reproducing racial-ethnic stratification in US academic science

We theorized that income racial-ethnic stratification among academic scientists is perpetuated by inequality of scientific capital including institutional prestige, research funding, publishing, an...
SAPIEN 3 to Ultra: One Step Closer to Perfection

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become the treatment of choice for patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis, across the spectrum of surgical risk. 1,2 Ongoing evolution in...
Random Regular Bipartite Graphs Satisfy Weak Virial Positivity, for a Large Range of the Parameters.

We deal with $r$-regular bipartite graphs with $2n$ vertices. In a previous paper, Butera, Pernici and the author have introduced a quantity $u(i)$, $u(i) = -\ln(i!m_i)$, a function of the number of $i$-matchings, $m_i$, and conjectured that the fraction of graphs that violate $\Delta^k u(i) > 0$ for $k > 1$ vanishes as $n$ goes to infinity. Here $\Delta$ is the finite difference operator. We now more particularly define the "Virial Positivity Conjecture" as the conjecture that the fraction of graphs that satisfy $\Delta^k u(i)$ go to 0 for all $k > 1$ and $i$, approaches 1 as $n$ goes to infinity. The "Weak Virial Positivity Conjecture" is the conjecture that for each $i$ and $k > 1$ the probability that $\Delta^k u(i) > 0$ goes to 1 as $n$ goes to infinity. The term Virial is used since the condition $\Delta^k u(i) > 0$ corresponds to the positivity of the Virial coefficients for infinite regular lattices. Herein we prove Weak Virial Positivity for the range of parameters $r < 11$, $i+k < 101$, $1 < k < 28$. A formalism of Wanless as systematized by Pernici is central to this effort. Basically this paper is a corollary to our parallel attack on graph positivity in a previous paper. We assume basic knowledge of this previous paper.
Caffie Greene and Black Women Activists: Unsung Women of the Black Liberation Movement

This book uses the life and work of Caffie Greene, one of the most influential grassroots community activists and public health educators in twentieth-century Los Angeles as a platform to examine the wider story of Black women activists in recent United States history. Caffie Greene worked to foster the development of unions, Black elected officials, and Black youth leaders within the Black Panthers and worked with a legion of women leaders to further progress in the fields of health care, education, youth employment, welfare rights, public transportation, police reform, and electoral politics. The book traces Greene’s journey from her childhood plantation life in Arkansas to her emergence as one of the most distinguished civil rights activists in Los Angeles' history. It provides in-depth, meticulously researched archival material to amplify the voice of a pivotal woman and analyzes how her contributions impacted the movements of the postwar era. Examining the pedagogical aspects of social protest as the main resource for consciousness raising among historically marginalized youth and adults, Caffie Greene and Black Women Activists asks the essential question: What can we learn about grassroots community organizing that we do not yet know by centering a Black woman like Caffie Greene’s life? What are the continuities in Greene’s political work between Cold War radicalism, Black Power, and Black feminism and that strict binaries like integrationist and Black separatist, nationalism and socialism, and feminism and Black Power obscure? This book will be of key interest to students and scholars studying Black activist history, Black feminism, and twentieth-century United States history.
Measuring Luttinger Parameters Directly from Quasiparticle Dynamics

High-order sideband generation (HSG) is sensitive to dynamic phases, which electrons and holes accumulate when accelerating through a III-V semiconductor. This sensitivity can be exploited to reconstruct the effective Hamiltonian through HSG polarimetry.
Outside in: (extra)ordinary screenteriors in the era of virtual public interiority

The current COVID-19 pandemic has placed immense value on our interior settings and their respective objects. As a result, interior spaces, augmented with virtual streams of data, are becoming instrumental settings for everyday activities. Such a state engenders new thinking regarding interior space, one in which private settings are understood as primary nodes for public exchanges. The implications of this new environment are all-encompassing, positioning the most intimate places and objects at the core of improvised virtual communities and subjecting private spaces to rapid retooling to address unfamiliar urgencies. The resulting condition is one of amalgamated physical and virtual parameters, often with discordant assemblies. Central to this unfolding state of affairs, technology has emerged as an indispensable medium. The legibility of our settings through digital devices has led to a new type of processed interior space; fragmented and dispersed across various localities, it is unified through its reading within the boundary of the screen. This article presents a set of graphic reflections on computer-screen interiors, coined screenteriors. While this new public interior was courtesy of a global pandemic, it is here to stay. Screenteriors are set within our intimate places and privy to various facets of our everyday lives. They are transmitted in real-time and often recorded on distant storage clouds, scrambled at times, subject to delays and freezes, filtered, and modified at will, streamed back and forth between recipients and devices, and always under the gaze of the camera. Here and now, a new interior emerges where screens frame and interpolate a new typology of space.
A New Binary Programming Formulation and Social Choice Property for Kemeny Rank Aggregation

Rank aggregation is widely used in group decision making and many other applications, where it is of interest to consolidate heterogeneous ordered lists. Oftentimes, these rankings may involve a la...
Rockefeller Philanthropy and Modern Biomedicine: International Initiatives from World War I to the Cold War

Acknowledgements Chapter 1. Introduction Chapter 2. The Men Who Followed Flexner: Richard Pearce, Alan Gregg and the Rockefeller Foundation Medical Divisions,1919-1951 William H. Schneider Chapter 3. Irish Medicine's Appeal to Rockefeller J.B. Lyons Chapter 4. Make a Peak on the Plain: The Rockefeller Foundation's Szeged Project Gabor Pallo Chapter 5. From the Art of Medicine to Biomedical Science in France: Modernization or Americanization? Jean-Francois Picard & William H. Schneider Chapter 6. Passing through the Eye of the Needle: American Philanthropy and Soviet Medical Research in the 1920s Margaret A. Trott Chapter 7. The Peking Union Medical College and the Rockefeller Foundation's Medical Programs In China Qiusha Ma "Chapter 8. A Central Periphery : the Naples Zoological Station as an "Attractor" Giuliana Gemelli Chapter 9. "'Out of the Ghetto": The Rockefeller Foundation Confronts German Medical Sciences after the Second World War Paul Weindling Chapter 10. The Nuffield Foundation and Medical Genetics in the U.K. Doris T. Zallen
A Review of “Including People with Disabilities in Faith Communities: A Guide for Service Providers, Families, & Congregations”: Erik W. Carter (Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes, 2007). xxii + 236 pp. Paperback, $24.95, ISBN-13: 978-1-55766-743-4.

Erik Carter's Including People with Disabilities in Faith Communities is an “invitation” to join the movement to include those with developmental disabilities in the common life of communities of f...
Social and Ecological Issues in Violence toward Children

In the first edition of this book, Burgess (1991) described a biosocial approach to an analysis of the social and ecological issues involved in child maltreatment. Since the publication of that edition, research and theoretical developments have continued at an ever accelerating pace. On the one hand, there has been the expansion of evolutionary-based studies that have led to a renewed consideration of our fundamental nature as humans and the role that evolution by natural selection has played in designing our pan-specific nature (e.g., Barkow, Cosmides, & Tooby, 1992; Buss, 1994; Wright, 1994). On the other hand, there has been an explosion of research from the perspective of developmental behavior genetics, where the issue has centered around the joint contribution of the environment and a person’s genetic endowment to the socialization of children and development over the life span (e.g., Rowe, 1994; Sulloway, 1996). Consequently, in the present chapter, we will once again examine social and ecological issues as they bear upon the maltreatment of children from a biosocial perspective.
Electronic document delivery of journal articles: One medical library's experience

In 2001-02, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (UTHSCSA) Library tested and implemented secure Web ordering and delivery of journal articles, using Prospero for interlibrary loan, photocopy service, Circuit Librarian service, and document delivery between library branches. The goal was to deliver photocopied and interlibrary loan journal articles faster than campus mail, U.S. mail, or the courier service. In December 2001, eight staff began delivering articles electronically to one remote site as part of the Library Electronic Article Delivery (LEAD) pilot project. Electronic desktop delivery has since expanded to serve two branch libraries and UTHSCSA, San Antonio, and South Texas healthcare professionals. By reviewing the basis and describing the three phase pilot project, the author hopes to articulate the implementation of a new electronic service in a medical library.
"The most profoundly revolutionary act a homosexual can engage in": Drag and the Politics of Gender Presentation in the San Francisco Gay Liberation Movement, 1964–1972

in J u n e 1968 T h e Q u e e n wa s released in major cities across the United States. A behind-the-scenes documentary of a drag queen beauty contest in New york City, the film was hailed by the New York Times as “an extraordinary” depiction of the art of female impersonation that also managed to humanize the men behind the performance. “One grows fond of all of them,” the reviewer remarked. On the West Coast, however, a member of the Society for individual rights (Sir), which was quickly becoming the largest gay organization in the nation, took a different stand. “This film does more harm than good in furthering an understanding between the straight and gay world,” argued the reviewer in Vector, the monthly magazine published by Sir. “The fact that these are not actors playing roles, but rather people playing themselves only helps perpetuate the myth that all homosexuals are nelly drag queens.” The wide distribution of the film particularly worried the reviewer, who feared that uneducated viewers would learn unfair stereotypes of homosexuality from the film; “it isn’t all feathers and wigs in the gay life,” he protested. The social and cultural events publicized in the pages of Vector, however, might have suggested otherwise. Six months earlier the magazine had
A mixed Butterworth/Daubechies wavelet analysis/synthesis system

This paper discusses the close relationship between the FIR Daubechies wavelet filters and the IIR Butterworth wavelet filters. The frequency responses of both types of filters are first compared. An "almost equivalent" Daubechies/Butterworth pair is then identified. To demonstrate the "equivalence" of these two filters, a wavelet-based filter bank using a combination of Daubechies/Butterworth filters is proposed. This relationship is used to implement a fully causal, more efficient filter bank. An example to verify the performance of the proposed hybrid system is given. >
Influence of channel diameter on the dynamics of polyethylene in its inclusion complex with perhydrotriphenylene

The influences of channel size and structure on the molecular dynamics of polyethylene at 300K have been studied using the inclusion complex of n-tetracontane with perhydrotriphenylene. The diameter of the channel in the real physical system is enlarged by 1 or 2 A to provide alternative sizes. The content of gauche (G) states rises from almost nil in the real physical channel to a value in the channel enlarged by 2 A that is nearly half of the result seen with the free unperturbed chain.The population of G ± TG∓ triplets is much larger than the population of G∓TG ± triplets (T denotes the trans state). Translation of the center of mass along the channel shows that n-tetracontane senses the molecular structure of the perhydrotriphenylene in the walls when the channel is enlarged by 1 A, but not when the channel is enlarged by 2 A. Rotation of the n-tetracontane as a rigid body about its long axis is primarily responsible for the decay of the orientation autocorrelation functions for the C-C and C-H bonds
Subsidence due to geothermal fluid withdrawal

Single-phase and two-phase geothermal reservoirs are currently being exploited for power production in Italy, Mexico, New Zealand, the U.S. and elsewhere. Vertical ground displacements of upto 4.5 m and horizontal ground displacements of up t o 0.5 m have been observed at Wairakei, New Zealand that are clearly attributable to the resource exploitation. Similarly, vertical displacements of about 0.13 m have been recorded at The Geysers, California. No significant ground displacements that are attributable to large-scale fluid production have been observed at Larderello, Italy and Cerro Prieto, Mexico. Observations show that subsidence due to geothermal fluid production is characterized by such features as an offset of the subsidence bowl from the main area of production, time-lag between production and subsidence and nonlinear stress-strain relationships. Several plausible conceptual models, of varying degrees of sophistication, have been proposed to explain the observed features. At present, relatively more is known about the physical mechanisms that govern subsidence than the relevant therma mechanisms. Although attempts have been made to simulate observed geothermal subsidence, the modeling efforts have been seriously limited by a lack of relevant field data needed to sufficiently characterize the complex field system.
Synovial Mast Cells in Inflammatory Arthritis

Inflammatory arthritis is a highly prevalent condition with substantial morbidity and degree of disability. The pathogenesis is still poorly understood limiting effective therapy. Increasing evidence has implicated synovial mast cells in the initiation of inflammatory arthritis. Mast cells are commonly known for their involvement in allergic reactions through degranulation and release of histamine. However, these cells are capable of releasing over 50 potent vasoactive, proinflammatory and neurosensitizing molecules in response to nonallergic triggers without degranulation. Such selective release of cytokines, especially in response to stress hormones, provides a unique explanation and possible therapeutic targets for inflammatory arthritis. Keywords: Activation; Corticotropin-releasing Hormone; Degranulation; Inflammation; Protease-activated Receptors (PARs); Stress; Tryptase
Psychosocial and biological treatment considerations for the paraphilic and nonparaphilic sex offender

There is a growing consensus among clinicians that sex offenders represent a heterogeneous group of individuals. Assessment and treatment of sex offenders is complicated by phenomenological and etiological differences and the presence of psychopathology, including paraphilias. The authors discusses the most commonly employed psychosocial therapies for sex offenders in general. Pharmacologically based treatments for paraphilic sex offenders are also reviewed.
Transforming Civil Society: Network Processes and Trade Politics in the Americas

Building Transnational Networks: Civil Society and the Politics of Trade in the Americas. By Marisa von Bulow. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010. 259 pp., $80.00 hardcover (ISBN-13: 978-0-521-19156-2). With Building Transnational Networks, Brazilian political scientist Marisa von Bulow makes an important contribution to the rapidly growing literature on transnational activism and its relationships to broader global processes. She combines multiple methods to open up the black boxes contained in our notions of civil society (global or otherwise) and challenges conventional conceptual and disciplinary boundaries in the process. Her work highlights the ways our conventional thinking about politics—which separates national from international/global arenas—inhibits our understandings of the activities and relevance of civil society mobilizations. Moreover, she demonstrates how conventional methods that focus on case studies and campaigns have prevented us from identifying changes in transnational activism over time. von Bulow's study analyzes civil society mobilizations around free trade negotiations in the Americas from their humble origins in the 1980s through the mid-2000s. She combines analyses of interview and organizational data from leading organizations in these struggles with a network analysis based on the surveys of 123 organizations from Chile, Brazil, Mexico, and the United States that were the most active in these mobilizations. In addition, a detailed analysis of changes in how one of the main transnational alliances, the Hemispheric Social Alliance, articulated its demands for alternatives to the neoliberal order between 1998 and 2005 provides rich empirical data on the substantive implications of …
Computational Analysis of Referring Expressions in Narratives of Picture Books

This paper discusses successes and failures of computational linguistics techniques in the study of how inter-event time intervals in a story affect the narrator’s use of different types of referring expressions. The success story shows that a conditional frequency distribution analysis of proper nouns and pronouns yields results that are consistent with our previous results – based on manual coding – that the narrator’s choice of referring expression depends on the amount of time that elapsed between events in a story. Unfortunately, the less successful story indicates that state-of-the-art coreference resolution systems fail to achieve high accuracy for this genre of discourse. Fine-grained analyses of these failures provide insight into the limitations of current coreference resolution systems, and ways of improving them.
Dynamic views of living cell fine structure revealed by birefringence imaging

We have been developing and applying a new type of polarized light microscope, the new Pol-Scope, which dramatically enhances the unique capabilities of the traditional polarizing microscope. In living cells, without applying exogenous dyes or florescent labels, we have studied the dynamic organization of filamentous actin in neuronal growth cones and improved the efficiency of spindle imaging for in-vitro fertilization and enucleation procedures.© (2001) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Particle Production in Nuclear Collisions from pQCD

Particle production is calculated in high-energy proton-proton and nuclear collisions. Non-perturbative ingredients are reviewed. Fragmentation function uncertainties and the transverse momentum dependence of parton distributions are studied. Perturbative QCD results are compared to data.
Peripheral Vein Complications in Patients Receiving Amino Acid/ Dextrose Solutions

The incidence and severity of peripheral vein phlebitis was evaluated in patients receiving infusions of amino acids alone (1.4 g/kg/day) (group I), amino acids (1.4 g/kg/day) plus 5% dextrose (group II) and 5% dextrose alone (Group III). Ninety-three patients with carcinoma of the bladder were randomized to receive one of three peripheral parenteral nutrition solutions which were infused predominantly via scalp-vein needles. Peripheral parenteral nutrition solutions contained sodium and potassium chloride as necessary to maintain normal serum electrolyte levels. The osmolality of each solution was calculated. Peripheral intravenous sites were evaluated every 8 hr and at the time of each intravenous site change. The incidence of infiltration, phlebitis and its' severity was recorded and graded zero (no complications) to 4 (severe complications). An intravenous cannula was discontinued if infiltration or a grade 2 or greater phlebitis occurred. The mean osmolality of the solutions were (group I) 450 to 500 mosm/liter, (group II) 713 to 763 mosm/liter and (group III) 369 mosm/liter. The mean duration of infusion was 9.0 + 0.4, 9.1 + 0.4, and 8.7 + 0.5 days, respectively, and the mean number of intravenous site changes were 6.1 + 0.3, 5.8 + 0.3, and 5.6 + 0.3, respectively. Infiltration preceded 57, 56, and 58% of all intravenous site changes and the incidence and severity of peripheral vein phlebitis was similar for all three groups. Sixty patients who received their infusions via plastic indwelling catheters for a mean duration of 2.6 + 1.0, 2,3 + 1.0, and 2.8 + 1.0 days had an 86, 71, and 76% incidence of grade two or greater phlebitis, respectively. There was no significant difference in the incidence of infiltration and phlebitis in patients receiving peripheral parenteral infusions of amino acids alone, amino acids plus dextrose, and 5% dextrose alone.
Plasmablastic lymphoma of the retroperitoneum in an HIV- and HCV-positive patient: hard to diagnose and harder to treat

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is an aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with plasmablastic features that was initially described in the oral cavity of HIV-infected individuals. PBL remains a diagnostic challenge given its close morphologic resemblance and overlapping immunophenotypic patterns to other B-cell lymphoid malignancies and plasmablastic plasma cell myeloma (PCM) with extramedullary involvement. The presence of serum monoclonal protein and radiographic evidence of lytic bone lesions favors the diagnosis of plasma cell myeloma over PBL. Distinguishing PBL from PCM is important as PBL is treated with a completely different chemotherapy regimen compared to PCM. PBL carries a guarded prognostic profile among DLBCLs with high relapse rate and poor median survival. We present a case of a 44-year-old HIV-positive man who presented with a large retroperitoneal mass associated with obstructive uropathy, sacral radiculopathy, and inferior vena caval compression. The mass was initially mistaken to be a PCM on histopathology; however, subsequent investigations revealed an extra-oral PBL with plasmacytic differentiation. To our knowledge, this will be the first case of PBL of the retroperitoneum in an HIV- and HCV-positive patient and the second one at this location in the English-language literature. In this report, key differentiating points between PBL versus PCM and newer therapeutic agents such as proteasome inhibitors have been discussed along with related review of literature.
A Domain of the Gene 4 Helicase/Primase of Bacteriophage T7 Required for the Formation of an Active Hexamer (∗)

The bacteriophage T7 gene 4 protein, like a number of helicases, is believed to function as a hexamer. The amino acid sequence of the T7 gene 4 protein from residue 475 to 491 is conserved in the homologous proteins of the related phages T3 and SP6. In addition, part of this region is conserved in DNA helicases such as Escherichia coli DnaB protein and phage T4 gp41. Mutations within this region of the T7 gene 4 protein can reduce the ability of the protein to form hexamers. The His475→ Ala and Asp485→ Gly mutant proteins show decreases in nucleotide hydrolysis, single-stranded DNA binding, double-stranded DNA unwinding, and primer synthesis in proportion to their ability to form hexamers. The mutation Arg487→ Ala has little effect on oligomerization, but nucleotide hydrolysis by this mutant protein is inhibited by single-stranded DNA, and it has a higher affinity for dTTP, suggesting that this protein is defective in the protein-protein interactions required for efficient nucleotide hydrolysis and translocation on single-stranded DNA. Gene 4 protein can form hexamers in the absence of a nucleotide, but dTTP increases hexamer formation, as does dTDP, to a lesser extent, demonstrating that the protein self-association affinity is influenced by the nucleotide bound. Together, the data demonstrate that this region of the gene 4 protein is important for the protein-protein contacts necessary for both hexamer formation and the interactions between the subunits of the hexamer required for coordinated nucleotide hydrolysis, translocation on single-stranded DNA, and unwinding of double-stranded DNA. The fact that the gene 4 proteins form dimers, but not monomers, even while hexamer formation is severely diminished by some of the mutations, suggests that the proteins associate in a manner with two separate and distinct protein-protein interfaces.
An Algorithm for the Line Balancing Problem

An algorithm, based on finding a shortest route in a finite directed network, is given for the assembly line balancing problem. Arc lengths are such that it is sufficient to find any path from the origin to destination node containing a minimal number of arcs. Computational results are presented and the algorithm is compared with prior analytical methods of line balancing.
Tillage, Cover Crops, and Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Cotton and Sorghum Root Biomass, Carbon, and Nitrogen

the main source of C in maintaining soil organic matter. The amount of C and N supplied by roots can be signifiManagementpractices mayinfluence cotton(Gossypium hirsutumL.) cant for maintaining or improving soil organic matter. and sorghum [Sorghumbicolor(L.) Moench)] root C andN inputs for Asmuchas7to43%ofthetotalabovegroundandbelow
A test for a vanishing tetrad: The second canonical correlation equals zero

Abstract Many four variable path models have the overidentifying restriction of a vanishing tetrad: ϱ 13 ϱ 24 − ϱ 14 ϱ 23 = 0. The literature offers but a 1924 test (Spearman and Holzinger) of a vanishing tetrad. We suggest that a canonical analysis can be set up to provide a test of a tetrad difference. Testing the hypothesis that the second canonical correlation of set X 1 and X 2 with set X 3 and X 4 is zero is identical to testing the hypothesis that ϱ 13 ϱ 24 − ϱ 14 ϱ 23 = 0.
Oncogenic Ki-ras Confers a More Aggressive Colon Cancer Phenotype through Modification of Transforming Growth Factor-β Receptor III

Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) can act as a tumor suppressor or a tumor promoter depending on the characteristics of the malignant cell. Each of three Ki-ras(G12V) transfectants of HD6-4 colon cancer cells had been shown to be more aggressive in vivo than controls in earlier studies (Yan, Z., Chen, M., Perucho, M., and Friedman, E. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272, 30928-30936). We now show that stable expression of oncogenic Ki-ras(G12V) converts the HD6-4 colon cancer cell line from insensitive to TGF-beta1 to growth-promoted by TGF-beta1. Each of three Ki-ras(G12V) transfectants responded to TGF-beta1 by an increase in proliferation and by decreasing the abundance of the Cdk inhibitor p21 and the tumor suppressor PTEN, whereas each of three wild-type Ki-ras transfectants remained unresponsive to TGF-beta1. The wild-type Ki-ras transfectants lack functional TGF-beta receptors, whereas all three Ki-ras(G12V) transfectants expressed functional TGF-beta receptors that bound (125)I-TGF-beta1. The previous studies showed that in cells with wild-type Ki-ras, TGF-beta receptors were not mutated, and receptor proteins were transported to the cell surface, but post-translational modification of TGF-beta receptor III (TbetaRIII) was incomplete. We now show that the betaglycan form of TbetaRIII is highly modified following translation when transiently expressed in Ki-ras(G12V) cells, whereas no such post-translational modification of TbetaRIII occurs in control cells. Antisense oligonucleotides directed to Ki-Ras decreased both TbetaRIII post-translational modification in Ki-ras(G12V) cells and TGF-beta1 down-regulation of p21, demonstrating the direct effect of mutant Ras. Therefore, one mechanism by which mutant Ki-Ras confers a more aggressive tumor phenotype is by enhancing TbetaRIII post-translational modification.
On Hahn-echo measurements of short 29Si T2 times in some silica-based materials.

The Hahn-echo 29Si NMR experiments performed for determinations of T2 times in static supermicroporous materials SiO2–Al2O3–MnO and SiO2–MnO have shown the large loss in the echo intensity, observed at shortest echo delays. The relaxation patterns “intensity—τ”, where the echo-intensity initially increases with increasing τ values and then it “normally” reduces due to spin–spin relaxation, are formally treated and discussed.
Is all College Preparation Equal? Pre-Community College Experiences of Home-Schooled, Private-Schooled, and Public-Schooled Students

The goal of this descriptive cross-sectional pilot study was to increase researcher knowledge of precollege preparation in three populations of traditional students attending a community college in a mid-Atlantic state: public-school students, home-schooled students, and private-schooled students. By its exploration of precollege experiences and their perceived impact among these three populations, this research extends the conversation on traditional student college preparation to include students from home-schooled and private-schooled backgrounds, two groups attending the community college in increasing numbers. Findings suggest that precollege preparation differs amongst the groups. Home-schooled students were more likely to credit their current abilities, skills, and knowledge to their previous educational experiences than were either of the remaining groups. Private-schooled student responses tended to be the next highest, followed by public-schooled student responses. In general, more home-schooled...
Silica supported ruthenium oxide nanoparticulates as efficient catalysts for water oxidation.

Pre-synthesized ruthenium dioxide nanoparticulates (RuO2 NPs) with low level of aggregation were well dispersed in mesoporous silica SBA-15. As a catalyst for water oxidation, the supported RuO2 NPs exhibit excellent catalytic activity and recyclability. The initial turnover frequency (TOF) is to date the highest among comparable RuO2 catalysts.
Self-assembly of point defects into clusters and defect-free regions: a simulation study of higher-valent substituted ferroelectric perovskites

Abstract Defect clustering in ferroelectric BaTiO 3 modified with higher valent substituents has been simulated using cellular automata with electrostatic energy restriction criteria. Simulations demonstrate a clustering of charged point defects, where defect clusters are randomly distributed with respect to each other. Defect-free regions exist, whose size correlated with that of polar microdomains observed by transmission electron microscopy.
Homologous recombination and stable transfection in the parasitic protozoan Trypanosoma brucei

Development of methods for the manipulation of the genomes of parasitic protozoa will lead to enhanced understanding of parasite biology and host-parasite relationships. Efficient gene transfer and targeted integration by homologous recombination were achieved in the parasitic protozoan Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of sleeping sickness. An expression vector with the neomycin phosphotransferase gene (neo), under the control of a procyclic acidic repetitive protein (PARP) gene promoter, was targeted into an intergenic region in beta alpha-tubulin-gene tandem array. Sixteen copies of neo were found in a tandem array in one of the transfectants where the PARP promoter controlled alpha-amanitin-resistant transcription of neo, whereas transcription of tubulin genes remained alpha-amanitin-sensitive.
The two-stage hedonic wage approach: A methodology for the valuation of environmental amenities

Abstract This paper extends the hedonic wage model to a two-stage model in which willingness to pay may be estimated for specific amenities. In concert with supply relationships, which may be estimated independent of the hedonic model, these willingness to pay functions allow for the computation of the value of changes in the level of the amenity. The technique has several important advantages over other valuation techniques, including less stringent data requirements and fewer econometric problems such as intractable identification problems and truncation biases. The model is applied to freshwater fishing and benefits associated with changes in fishing quality are estimated, both generically and through specific water quality improvements.
Charge-localized p-phenylenedihydrazine radical cations: ESR and optical studies of intramolecular electron transfer rates

1,4-Bis(2-tert-butyl-2,3-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)benzene-1,4-diyl (2) its 2,5-dimethyl and 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl derivatives (3 and 4), their radical cations, and bis-radical dications are studied. Crystal structures including those of 2^+BPh_4^-, 3^(2+)(BPh_4^-)_2, 4^+BPh_4^-, and 4^(2+)(BPh_4^-)_2 establish that ring methylation causes more N-lone pair, aryl π twist without changing the NAr,NAr distance significantly and that both 2^+ and 4^+ have the charge localized in one hydrazine unit. NMR measurements show that 3^+ has about 6% of its spin at the four aryl CH and CMe carbons, while 4^+ has about 1.5% of its spin at the four CMe carbons. The average distance between the unpaired electrons of 3^(2+) and 4^(2+) was obtained from the dipolar splittings of their thermally excited triplet states and, as expected, is significantly smaller for 3^(2+) (5.25 A) than for 4^(2+) (5.63 A). Rate constants for electron transfer between the hydrazine units of 3^+ and 4^+ in CH_2Cl_2 and CH_3CN were determined by dynamic ESR. The intervalence radical cations show charge transfer bands corresponding to vertical electron transfer between the ground state and the highly vibrationally excited electron-shifted state, allowing calculation of the parameters controlling electron transfer. Electron transfer parameters obtained from the CT bands using adiabatic energy surfaces which approximate the CT band shapes observed produce rate constants within experimental error of those extrapolated to room temperature from the ESR data for both 3^+ and 4^+ in both solvents, without using tunneling corrections. The effects of mixing of the electronic wave functions of the reduced and oxidized hydrazine units of 2^+ on d_(NN), the C(t-Bu)N,NA(Ar) twist angle, and the aryl nitrogen lone pair, aryl π twist angle which are observed by X-ray are close to those predicted from the position of the minima on the ET coordinate X of the adiabatic energy surface calculated from the CT band.
Personality characteristics of self-mutilating male prisoners

Self-mutilating behavior (SMB) in prisons has long been recognized as a problem. MMPI data were obtained from 30 mutilating and 30 non-mutilating male inmates. Analyses of MMPI scores revealed significant differences on nine of the clinical and validity scales. Mutilators also had more frequent elevations over 70. Interpretation of scale and subscale configurations indicates that mutilators have more somatic complaints, subjective distress, alienation, inmature defenses, and acting out tendencies than controls. This is consistent with descriptions of SMB in the literature. SMB is conceptualized as a form of aggression in a population of impulsive and alienated individuals in a high-stress environment. The frustration-aggression model is proposed as a model for understanding and further investigating this phenomenon. Language: en
Characterization of the acyl-CoA desaturase in the housefly, Musca domestica L.

Abstract Long chain acyl-CoA desaturase activity has been characterized in a microsomal fraction from the adult housefly, Musca domestica. NADPH was a four-fold better electron donor than NADH in 1.5–2.0-day-old males and three-fold better in 1.5–2.0-day-old females. The optimal pH for the desaturase was between 6.8 and 7.2 and most of the desaturase activity was in the microsomal fraction. The substrate specificity for both sexes was: 18:0-CoA > 16:0-CoA ≥ 14:0-CoA . Freezing and thawing decreased desaturase activity. Cyanide inhibited the desaturase, while CO had no effect. Ozonolysis of the isolated product followed by radio-GLC of the ozonides from both [14C]-18:0-CoA and [14C]-16:0-CoA showed the desaturase was specific for the Δ9 position. In males, desaturase activity increased about 26-fold from emergence until the insects were between three and four days old. In females, the activity increased about 12-fold from emergence until day two; then it sharply decreased on day three maintaining a 6–8-fold increase for the next four to five days. By day 11, the activity had decreased to the value observed at emergence for both sexes. NADH cytochrome c reductase activity and cytochrome b 5 concentrations showed cyclic behaviour with maximal activity or concentration occurring at days one and six in both sexes. The NADPH cytochrome c reductase had only one maximum which occurred at day one in both sexes. In males where large amounts of alkenes were being made, cuticular alkene synthesis closely paralleled desaturase activity. Females did not synthesize large amounts of alkene after day two, and the correlation with desaturase activity was not as strong.
Radar placement based on a geometric uncertainty multiplier reduction criterion

In this paper the problem of retrieving wind field information from Doppler radar data motivates the formulation of a method to design radar network configurations. The problem of estimating wind velocities from radar data is posed and used to construct a certain retrieval operator. This operator contains a factor that may be interpreted as an uncertainty multiplier. It depends on the geometry of the configuration of the radar network. The uncertainty multiplier is shown to vary continuously with perturbations of the network configuration. It is also shown to be a generalization of the Doppler angle condition used in meteorology. Numerical examples are presented to determine a network of five radars minimizing the uncertainty multiplier for the problem. Also, a configuration of sites is determined that maximizes the area of the Doppler region.
Playing the Pump

Fears of an oil embargo are unwarranted. Nowadays, price manipulation is the preferred setting for the oil weapon.
Buzz marketing for movies

In today's dynamic entertainment environment, movies are struggling to stay afloat and remain profitable. Challenges such as piracy, digital theft, competition, overlapping movie campaigns, media fragmentation, and audience saturation are forcing marketers to stretch their film budgets and make every dollar as effective as possible. With more and more entertainment options crowding peoples' lives, marketers must search for innovative ways to reach movie audiences. By breaking through the daily clutter and noise, and capturing peoples' attention to the point that talking about a movie becomes an enjoyable experience to share, buzz marketing is one such promotional posture that drives audiences to theaters. In order to achieve success with buzz marketing, however, marketers must recognize the role it plays in the context of movie differentiation strategies to support the company's overall approach. To that end, this article analyzes buzz marketing as it pertains to six movie differentiation strategies (differentiation with cosmetic movie features, differentiation to reach market segments, growing a movie segment, positioning to support the movie image, positioning to extend the movie image, and differentiation via non-traditional channels) and offers steps for its successful implementation.
Diagenesis in Estuarine Sediments: ABSTRACT

Diagenesis in estuarine sediments is affected by broad physical and chemical environmental patterns, the nature of which is becoming clear. The bottom environment is influenced most fundamentally by physical conditions, such as the pattern of water movements and the stability of the water column from place to place. Physical parameters are distinctly different in three major regimes of estuaries, the distributary reaches, the mixing zone, and the saline basin. Location and extent of each of these regimes are determined in any system by the interaction among fresh-water discharge, tidal range, channel geometry, and wind effects. The Rappahannock River estuary and the Po River delta illustrate contrasts in such physical differentiation. In estuaries the environment for diagenesis is imposed by a determining physical background and the supplemental operation of chemical and biological processes. Variations in pH, Eh, and in dissolved silica and attainment of sulfide equilibrium illustrate the interaction between physical milieu and bottom chemistry. There is a class of chemical interactions (pH adjustment, ion exchange) which proceed instantaneously when fresh-water sediment enters the marine zone. There is another class that requires physical stability in the bottom sediments before equilibrium is approached (dissolution of silica, sulfide equilibrium). This latter class of reactions is the starting point for diagenesis. The initial stages of diagenesis begin just below the sediment-water interface in estuaries. End_of_Article - Last_Page 629------------
The microscopic Interacting Boson Model for nondegenerate orbits

Abstract The microscopic Interacting Boson Model formalism is outlined and a general procedure is described for deriving the parameters of the model when the valence orbits are nondegenerate. This latter technique involves expanding pair creation operators for J = 0 (or J = 2) correlated pairs in terms of J = 0 (or J = 2) pair creation operators for individual orbits. This expansion enables us to relate matrix elements for the multi-orbit problem to matrix elements for individual orbits for which the well-known Racah-seniority reduction formulae apply. Our calculated results for the parameters of the boson-boson quadrupole-quadrupole interaction show a definite relationship to the underlying subshell structure of each major shell, in agreement with the phenomenological results. It is also discovered that the results obtained using particle states are not the same as those obtained using hole states, due to the truncation scheme used to extablish the correlated J = 0 and J = 2 pairs.
Capturing Experimental Design Insights in Support of the Model-based System Engineering Approach

Abstract Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) continues to mature into a popular approach as systems become more complex. Integrating MBSE architectural diagrams with external simulations that model a variety of different domains allows designers to perform sophisticated engineering design and analysis. To better understand how these external models support design decisions, we can leverage the statistical methods of design of experiments to identify insights into a complex system design problem. These insights include identifying the most important design parameters, the nature of their behaviour, their synergies between them, their diminishing or increasing rates of change, and thresholds that achieve a desired level of effectiveness. The purpose of this paper is to propose a MBSE methodology that captures the insights identified during an experimental design study within the integrated system model while applying the MBSE approach.
Regular and high resolution transmission electron microscopy observations on the precipitates in a naturally aged Al–Mg–Si alloy AA6022

Abstract The precipitates in the Al–Mg–Si alloy AA6022 naturally aged for 2–3 years were investigated by regular and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM and HRTEM) and by selective area electron diffraction (SAED). The shape of the particles was generally either nearly circular or circular with one or more bulges. They had an approximate log-normal size distribution with a peak diameter d p = 2.75 nm. Their crystal structure matched that of the c-centered monoclinic β // phase (GP-II Zone) reported in the literature for aging of this alloy type at elevated temperatures.