cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Multidimensionality in impulsivity and alcohol use: a meta-analysis using the UPPS model of impulsivity

BACKGROUND: Although there is considerable support for the relationship between impulsivity and alcohol use, the use of multidimensional conceptualizations of impulsivity and alcohol use has lead to varying relationship sizes across studies. The aims of the current meta-analysis are to (i) examine variability in the magnitude of the bivariate relationship between impulsivity and alcohol use across studies and (ii) describe the pattern of effects between specific impulsivity traits and alcohol use variables, using the UPPS model of impulsivity. METHODS: Ninety-six studies were meta-analyzed using a random effects model to examine the relationship between general impulsivity and alcohol use, as well as the relationships among separate impulsivity traits based in the UPPS model of impulsivity and specific alcohol use outcomes. RESULTS: Results indicate that, in general, impulsivity and alcohol use are related (r = 0.28); however, this effect size varied significantly across studies (from -0.05 to 1.02). Drinking quantity was most strongly predicted by lack of perseverance (r = 0.32), whereas all traits equally predicted drinking frequency. Drinking problems were most highly related to negative (r = 0.35) and positive (r = 0.34) urgency, and alcohol dependence was most highly related to negative urgency (r = 0.38) and lack of planning (r = 0.37). CONCLUSIONS: Effect sizes between impulsivity and alcohol use vary significantly by UPPS trait used in each study; thus, findings suggest and further reinforce the view in the literature that specific impulsivity-related constructs differentially relate to specific alcohol use outcomes. Language: en
Nanoscale Cluster Detection in Massive Atom Probe Tomography Data

Recent technological advances in atom probe tomography (APT) have led to unprecedented data acquisition capabilities that routinely generate data sets containing hundreds of millions of atoms. Detecting nanoscale clusters of different atom types present in these enormous amounts of data and analyzing their spatial correlations with one another are fundamental to understanding the structural properties of the material from which the data is derived. Extant algorithms for nanoscale cluster detection do not scale to large data sets. Here, a scalable, CUDA-based implementation of an autocorrelation algorithm is presented. It isolates spatial correlations amongst atomic clusters present in massive APT data sets in linear time using a linear amount of storage. Correctness of the algorithm is demonstrated using large synthetically generated data with known spatial distributions. Benefits and limitations of using GPU-acceleration for autocorrelation-based APT data analyses are presented with supporting performance results on data sets with up to billions of atoms. To our knowledge, this is the first nanoscale cluster detection algorithm that scales to massive APT data sets and executes on commodity hardware.
The Complex Relationship Between CKD and Ambulatory Blood Pressure Patterns

Hypertension and CKD frequently coexist, and both are risk factors for cardiovascular events and mortality. Among people with hypertension, the loss of the normal fall in night-time BP, called nondipping, can only be diagnosed by ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) and is a risk factor for cardiovascular events. The pathophysiology of nondipping is complex, and CKD is an independent risk factor for nondipping. In fact, nondipping can be seen in as many as 80% of people with CKD. However, the evidence for nondipping as an independent risk factor or causal agent for adverse outcomes in CKD remains mixed. ABPM has been shown to be superior to clinical BP measurement for correlating with end-organ damage and prognosis in CKD. This review covers the evidence for the use of ABPM in CKD, the evidence linking ABPM patterns to outcome in CKD and the evidence for treatment of nondipping in CKD.
Context-aware Sensing of Physiological Signals

Recent advancement in microsensor technology permits miniaturization of conventional physiological sensors. Combined with low-power, energy-aware embedded systems and low power wireless interfaces, these sensors now enable patient monitoring in home and workplace environments in addition to the clinic. Low energy operation is critical for meeting typical long operating lifetime requirements. Some of these physiological sensors, such as electrocardiographs (ECG), introduce large energy demand because of the need for high sampling rate and resolution, and also introduce limitations due to reduced user wearability. In this paper, we show how context-aware sensing can provide the required monitoring capability while eliminating the need for energy-intensive continuous ECG signal acquisition. We have implemented a wearable system based on standard widely-used handheld computing hardware components. This system relies on a new software architecture and an embedded inference engine developed for these standard platforms. The performance of the system is evaluated using experimental data sets acquired for subjects wearing this system during an exercise sequence. This same approach can be used in context-aware monitoring of diverse physiological signals in a patient's daily life.
Serum Phospholipid Docosahexaenonic Acid Is Associated with Cognitive Functioning during Middle Adulthood

Existing evidence links greater dietary intake of fish and (n-3) PUFA to better early brain development and lowered risk of cognitive disorders in late life. The mechanisms for these associations remain unclear and may be related to specific (n-3) fatty acids and may concern cognitive function generally rather than only early brain development and age-related cognitive dysfunction. In this investigation, we tested potential associations between (n-3) fatty acids in serum phospholipids and major dimensions of cognitive functioning in mid-life adults. Participants were 280 community volunteers between 35 and 54 y of age, free of major neuropsychiatric disorders, and not taking fish oil supplements. Dietary biomarkers were α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenonic acid (DHA) in serum phospholipids measured using GC. Five major dimensions of cognitive functioning were assessed with a 75-min battery of neuropsychological tests. In covariate adjusted regression models, higher DHA (mol %) was related to better performance on tests of nonverbal reasoning and mental flexibility, working memory, and vocabulary (P ≤ 0.05). These associations were generally linear. Associations between DHA and nonverbal reasoning and working memory persisted with additional adjustment for participant education and vocabulary scores (P ≤ 0.05). Neither EPA nor ALA was notably related to any of the 5 tested dimensions of cognitive performance. Among the 3 key (n-3) PUFA, only DHA is associated with major aspects of cognitive performance in nonpatient adults <55 y old. These findings suggest that DHA is related to brain health throughout the lifespan and may have implications for clinical trials of neuropsychiatric disorders.
Linking Programming, Design and Post Occupancy Evaluation: A Primary Care Clinic Case Study

The architecture design process typically encompasses separated phases or steps leading to a completed building project. Steps may include programming, conceptual design, design development, construction and sometimes post occupancy evaluation. As a result of these distinct steps, it is usually difficult to trace the linear thinking from the beginning of a project to the end of a project. Consequently, the findings produced from each step are not carried forward throughout the process and it is difficult to conduct an assessment of the building in use that is tied to front-end thinking. If these steps are linked in a project, then it would allow for capturing project goals and design attributes (input measures) in relation to desirable outcomes (outcome measures). Various life-cycle process models for architecture were explored in a literature review. While useful, these process models offer limited practical recommendations on how to create a performance-based framework that connects design to measurable outcomes. In response, the objective of this study is to explore an integrated, multi-step process that links programming, research and design with a goal of understanding how design decisions impact building performance. While the use and acceptance of Evidence-Based Design (EBD) research and Post Occupancy Evaluations (POEs) have increased over recent years, most studies don’t encompass all steps and are focused on inpatient care facilities. Since outpatient clinics represent the fastest growing segment of healthcare spending and there is limited empirical research on the architectural performance of these healthcare settings (Preiser, Verderber,& Battisto, 2009), a primary care clinic was chosen to explore this integrated process.
The Tech Industry Meets Presidential Politics: Explaining the Democratic Party’s Technological Advantage in Electoral Campaigning, 2004–2012

Drawing on theories in organizational sociology that argue that transpositions of people,/ skills, and knowledge across domains give rise to innovations and organizational foundings that institutionalize them, we conducted a mixed-methods study of the employment biographies of staffers working in technology, digital, data, and analytics on American presidential campaigns, and the rates of organizational founding by these staffers, from the 2004 through the 2012 electoral cycles. Using Federal Election Commission and LinkedIn data, we trace the professional biographies of staffers (N = 629) working in technology, digital, data, or analytics on primary and general election presidential campaigns during this period. We found uneven professionalization in these areas, defined in terms of staffers moving from campaign to campaign or from political organizations to campaigns, with high rates of new entrants to the field. Democrats had considerably greater numbers of staffers in the areas of technology, digital,...
The Two Jeremiads in American Political Thought

American political rhetoric has long been fueled by Old Testament prophecy. However, most scholars have collapsed this rhetoric into a singular rhetorical form known as 'The Jeremiad' which fails to account for a wide variety of prophetic speech over the course of American history. This study will describe two different types of Old Testament prophetic literature, with very different political implications. One stirs audiences to political action, while the other is politically enervating. I will demonstrate the presence of these typologies in noteworthy political sermons from the Revolutionary War, The Civil War, and Gilded Age eras, in order to demonstrate the persistence of these parallel prophetic traditions. I conclude with speculation regarding the status of each of them, in the twenty-first century.
Local magnitude and sediment amplification observations from earthquakes in the northern Baja California-southern California region

Abstract The data set that is analyzed in this study consists of strong motion and digital velocity records obtained during the last 6 yr for earthquakes along faults in Baja California North and southern California. From this set, local magnitudes for 60 earthquakes recorded at stations on hard rock and sediments are calculated following the technique proposed by Kanamori and Jennings (1978). The calculated near-source motion magnitudes ( M LSM ) are then compared with reported local magnitude values ( M L ) which are in the range from 3 to 6.6. From these comparisons, it is found that for earthquakes with magnitude M L between 3 and 5.5, almost all the M LSM values estimated from data registered on sediments exceed the M L values by amounts which at the shorter distances (less than about 10 km) may be as high as an order of magnitude, or even higher for a few cases. The strong motion records associated with these high M LSM values have highly coherent pulse-like S -wave signals of very short period and large accelerations. Similar estimations of local magnitude from more limited data obtained on hard rock were comparable or lower than the standard M L values. We conclude that the high M LSM values are the result of a combination of high-frequency source spectra and a strong shear wave energy amplification due to the presence of sediments. A sediment amplification factor of 3.2 is inferred from the data and is in good agreement with a theoretical factor of 3.4 estimated on the basis of the McMechan and Mooney (1980) velocity model for the Imperial Valley. It is also found from the analyzed data that near-source local magnitude decreases between 0 and 10 km, indicating that for smaller earthquakes the attenuation function, -log A 0 (richter, 1958), used in local magnitude determinations, needs to be modified to take into account the characteristics of the seismic energy radiated at short distances. Near-source strong motion data for the 1979 Imperial Valley ( M L = 6.6) and 1980 Victoria ( M L = 6.1) events do not show the strong discrepancy between M LSM and M L observed for the smaller magnitude events. Factors that might be responsible for this include nonlinear sediment attenuation for larger amplitude waves, as well as complex near-source spreading out of the waveform resulting from larger source size (near-source magnitude saturation). We give a numerical example, using small earthquakes as Green9s functions, to show that for a complex source function represented as a superposition of smaller earthquakes, M LSM and M L for the 1980 Victoria earthquake can be explained by the magnitude saturation phenomenon.
Three-dimensional Hubbard model in the thermodynamic limit

We employ the numerical linked-cluster expansion to study finite-temperature properties of the uniform cubic lattice Hubbard model in the thermodynamic limit for a wide range of interaction strengths and densities. We carry out the expansion to the 9th order and find that the convergence of the series extends to lower temperatures as the strength of the interaction increases, giving us access to regions of the parameter space that are difficult to reach by most other numerical methods. We study the precise trends in the specific heat, the double occupancy, and magnetic correlations at temperatures as low as 0.2 of the hopping amplitude in the strong-coupling regime. We show that in this regime, accurate estimates for transition temperatures to the N\'eel ordered phase, in agreement with the predicted asymptotic behavior, can be deduced from the low-temperature magnetic structure factor. We also find evidence for possible instability to the magnetically ordered phase away from, but close to, half filling. Our results have important implications for parametrizing fermionic systems in optical lattice experiments and for benchmarking other numerical methods.
EVOLUTION OF PAIR COOPERATION IN A TROPICAL HUMMINGBIRD.

In contrast with the many species of birds that form pairs during the breeding season, hummingbirds, in general, have a promiscuous mating system. The male mates with the female, and the female carries out the remainder of the reproductive effort, including nest-building, incubating the eggs and caring for the young, unaided by the male. The only reports to the contrary are for Colibri coruscans, the Sparkling Violet-ear of the Andes of South America, in which the male may aid in incubating the eggs and caring for the young (Moore, 1947; Schafer, 1954). However, Ruschi (1965) reported that only females attended the six nests of this species he studied, one in the wild and five in captivity. A pair bond in most hummingbirds, then, is limited to the short time during which a male and a female must cooperate to insure successful copulation. During the breeding season, the typical situation in hummingbirds is for males to hold mating and feeding territories at flowering plants, from which they attempt to exclude all other hummingbirds. In many cases, the female is treated aggressively by the male, both before and after mating, in a manner similar to the treatment accorded other conspecific intruders into his territory. The present report discusses pair relations of Panterpe insignis, the Fierythroated Hummingbird, during the breeding season. In this species a longer-term pair bond is apparently formed. The male still does not participate in the actual nesting effort, but indirectly does aid the female in
Learning How to Construct Models of Dynamic Systems: An Initial Evaluation of the Dragoon Intelligent Tutoring System

Constructing models of dynamic systems is an important skill in both mathematics and science instruction. However, it has proved difficult to teach. Dragoon is an intelligent tutoring system intended to quickly and effectively teach this important skill. This paper describes Dragoon and an evaluation of it. The evaluation randomly assigned students in a university class to either Dragoon or baseline instruction that used Dragoon as an editor only. Among students who did use their systems, the tutored students scored reliably higher (p < .021, d = 1.06) on the post-test than the students who used only the conventional editor-based instruction.
Executing the Enterprises' Ecological Engineering for Promoting the Development of Circular Economy

Following the industrial civilization,ecological civilization is being generated by the development of a paradigm of civilization;And it is a new advanced stage in the human civilization.The implementation of ecological engineering enterprises and the development of recycling economy are important means in building ecological civilization and making the society of the industry and economy forward the direction of the healthy development.This requires the development of circular economy on a macro to speed up industrial ecology,constructing dynamic regimes and policies of the industrial enterprises which carried out ecological engineering,on the micro Eco-industrial Park on the construction of industrial enterprises to promote the implementation of ecological engineering.
Toward a Comprehensive Understanding of the Factors Underlying Multiracial Person Perception

Young and colleagues’ recent article substantially contributes to the understanding of multiracial perception generally and in the context of affirmative action. Their introduction of socioeconomic status as a relevant factor in the perception of Latino-White biracials highlights our need for additional research identifying which target characteristics and perceiver motives influence the perception of multiracials and under what conditions these relationships occur. We outline how future research can incorporate and expand on Young et al.’s work to better understand multiracial person perception and specify the most appropriate contexts in which these findings could be applied by practitioners.
After melancholia: A reappraisal of second-generation diasporic subjectivity in the work of Jhumpa Lahiri

Delphine Munos’s After Melancholia presents a fascinating and extensive psychoanalytic reading of Jhumpa Lahiri’s “Hema and Kaushik”, from her Unaccustomed Earth, framed by an analysis of her novel...
Successful cardiac transplantation outcomes in patients with adult congenital heart disease

Objectives The purpose of our study is (1) to characterise patients with congenital heart disease undergoing heart transplantation by adult cardiac surgeons in a large academic medical centre and (2) to describe successful outcomes associated with our multidisciplinary approach to the evaluation and treatment of adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) undergoing orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT). Background Heart failure is the leading cause of death in patients with ACHD leading to increasing referrals for OHT. Methods The Penn Congenital Transplant Database comprises a cohort of patients with ACHD who underwent OHT between March 2010 and April 2016. We performed a retrospective cohort study of the 20 consecutive patients. Original cardiac diagnoses include single ventricle palliated with Fontan (n=8), dextro-transposition of the great arteries after atrial switch (n=4), tetralogy of Fallot (n=4), pulmonary atresia (n=1), Ebstein anomaly (n=1), unrepaired ventricular septal defect (n=1) and Noonan syndrome with coarctation of the aorta (n=1). Results Eight patients required pretransplant inotropes and two required pretransplant mechanical support. Nine patients underwent heart–liver transplant and three underwent heart–lung transplant. Three patients required postoperative mechanical circulatory support. Patients were followed for an average of 38 months as of April 2016, with 100% survival at 30 days and 1 year and 94% overall survival (19/20 patients). Conclusions ACHD–OHT patients require highly specialised, complex and multidisciplinary healthcare. The success of our programme is attributed to using team-based, patient-centred care including our multidisciplinary staff and specialists across programmes and departments.
Statistical Prediction of Waterspout Probability for the Florida Keys

AbstractA statistical model of waterspout probability was developed for wet-season (June–September) days over the Florida Keys. An analysis was performed on over 200 separate variables derived from Key West 1200 UTC daily wet-season soundings during the period 2006–14. These variables were separated into two subsets: days on which a waterspout was reported anywhere in the Florida Keys coastal waters and days on which no waterspouts were reported. Days on which waterspouts were reported were determined from the National Weather Service (NWS) Key West local storm reports. The sounding at Key West was used for this analysis since it was assumed to be representative of the atmospheric environment over the area evaluated in this study. The probability of a waterspout report day was modeled using multiple logistic regression with selected predictors obtained from the sounding variables. The final model containing eight separate variables was validated using repeated fivefold cross validation, and its performanc...
Dynamic Characterization of Frequency Response of Shock Mitigation of a Polymethylene Diisocyanate (PMDI) Based Rigid Polyurethane Foam

KOLSKY COMPRESSION BAR EXPERIMENTS WERE CONDUCTED TO CHARACTERI-ZE THE SHOCK MITIGATION RESPONSE OF A POLYMETHYLENE DIISOCYANATE (PMDI) BASED RIGID POLYURETHANE FOAM, ABBREVIATED AS PMDI FOAM IN THIS STUDY. THE KOLSKY BAR EXPERIMENTAL DATA WAS ANALYZED IN THE FREQUENCY DOMAIN WITH RESPECT TO IMPACT ENERGY DISSIPATION AND ACCELERATION ATTENUATION TO PERFORM A SHOCK MITIGATION ASSESSMENT ON THE FOAM MATERIAL. THE PMDI FOAM MATERIAL EXHIBITS EXCELLENT PERFORMANCE IN BOTH ENERGY DISSIPATION AND ACCELERATION ATTENUA-TION, PARTICULARLY FOR THE IMPACT FREQUENCY CONTENT OVER 1.5 KHZ. THIS FREQUENCY (1.5 KHZ) WAS OBSERVED TO BE INDEPENDENT OF SPECIMEN THICKNESS AND IMPACT SPEED, WHICH MAY REPRESENT THE CHARACTERISTIC SHOCK MITIGATION FREQUENCY OF THE PMDI FOAM MATERIAL UNDER INVESTI-GATION. THE SHOCK MITIGATION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PMDI FOAM MATE-RIAL WERE INSIGNIFICANTLY INFLUENCED BY THE SPECIMEN THICKNESS. HOWEVER, IMPACT SPEED DID HAVE SOME EFFECT.
Shape Theory: An ANR-Sequence Approach

This is an expository article about the relationship of shape theory and some geometric notions. The ANR-sequence approach to shape theory is described. Then the shape classification of subcontinua of the plane is given. This is used to show that the dyadic solenoid is not the shape of any planar continuum. The shape classification of (m-sphere)-like continua is also obtained.
Convergent evolution of unusual complex I homologs with increased proton pumping capacity: energetic and ecological implications.

Respiratory complex I is part of a large family of homologous enzymes that carry out the transfer of electrons between soluble cytoplasmic electron carriers and membrane-bound electron carriers. These complexes are vital bioenergetic enzymes that serve as the entry points into electron transport chains for a wide variety of microbial metabolisms, and electron transfer is coupled to proton translocation. The core complex of this enzyme is made up of 11 protein subunits, with three major proton pumping subunits. Here, we document a large number of modified complex I gene cassettes found in genome sequences from diverse cultured bacteria, shotgun metagenomics, and environmentally derived archaeal fosmids all of which encode a fourth proton pumping subunit. The incorporation of this extra subunit into a functional protein complex is supported by large amino acid insertions in the amphipathic helix that runs the length of the protein complex. Phylogenetic analyses reveal that these modified complexes appear to have arisen independently multiple times in a remarkable case of convergent molecular evolution. From an energetic perspective, we hypothesize that this modification on the canonical complex I architecture allows for the translocation of a fifth proton per reaction cycle—the physiological utility of this modified complex is discussed.
Influence of constraints on the effective inplane extensional properties of honeycomb core

Abstract This study is focused on the influence of constraints on the extensional in-plane modulus of isolated honeycomb core (HC) and honeycomb core sandwich elements. Such constraints develop when the core is bonded to stiff face sheets. Finite element analysis (FEA) is conducted on unconstrained and constrained HC core under inplane loading. FEA results for the extensional in-plane modulus and Poisson ratios of isolated unconstrained HC core are in good agreement with estimates from the classical Gibson-Ashby analysis. Such analysis reveals that the isolated core has very low extensional modulus ( E x ) and large Poisson ratio ν x y . Constraints imposed on the lateral deformation of the core substantially increased the effective axial stiffness . In the limit of equal biaxial strains, the increase was close to a factor of 1000. The FEA results for the effective modulus of the HC core sandwich element are in good agreement with predictions from classical laminated plate theory.
E-IIPS: A Centralized Policy Implementation Architecture

This chapter introduces a new security architecture, called E-IIPS, for enforcing SoC security policies. E-IIPS includes a centralized policy control engine (SPC) in which policies can be programmed, as well as smart “wrappers” on each IP to facilitate communication with SPC. We discuss the architecture in detail, demonstrate its application on implementation of security policies, and analyze its overhead in terms of hardware area, performance, and energy expenditure.
Power System Restoration Using DFIG-Based Wind Farms and VSC-HVDC Transmission Systems

This chapter focuses on restoration of AC grids using doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind farms and voltage source converter (VSC) HVDC systems. During the black-start process, the system becomes extremely weak and study of restoration following a blackout becomes challenging due to a wide bandwidth of interest. A “Hybrid” simulation platform that allows representation of a portion of the grid using detailed three-phase electromagnetic transient (EMT)-type models and the rest of the grid by phasor model is described to simulate the black-start process. The results from the Hybrid and the non-Hybrid simulations are compared. Finally, a phasor-measurement unit (PMU)-assisted restoration process involving DFIG-based wind farms and VSC-HVDC link is presented using the Hybrid simulation platform.
Nothing Fake Here: The Public Criminology Case for Being Smart on Crime by Being Smarter on People

This Bruce Smith, Sr. Award Address discusses the various types of public criminologies and highlights both advantages and disadavantages associated with public engagement. Two case studies are uti...
Nutritional Metabolomics in Cancer Epidemiology: Current Trends, Challenges, and Future Directions.

Metabolomics offers several opportunities for advancement in nutritional cancer epidemiology; however, numerous research gaps and challenges remain. This narrative review summarizes current research, challenges, and future directions for epidemiologic studies of nutritional metabolomics and cancer. Although many studies have used metabolomics to investigate either dietary exposures or cancer, few studies have explicitly investigated diet-cancer relationships using metabolomics. Most studies have been relatively small (≤ ~ 250 cases) or have assessed a limited number of nutritional metabolites (e.g., coffee or alcohol-related metabolites). Nutritional metabolomic investigations of cancer face several challenges in study design; biospecimen selection, handling, and processing; diet and metabolite measurement; statistical analyses; and data sharing and synthesis. More metabolomics studies linking dietary exposures to cancer risk, prognosis, and survival are needed, as are biomarker validation studies, longitudinal analyses, and methodological studies. Despite the remaining challenges, metabolomics offers a promising avenue for future dietary cancer research.
Does Very High Surgeon or Hospital Volume Improve Outcomes for Hemiarthroplasty Following Femoral Neck Fractures

Abstract Background This study evaluates whether very high-volume hip arthroplasty providers have lower complication rates than other relatively high-volume providers. Methods Hemiarthroplasty patients ≥60 years old were identified in the New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System 2001-2015 dataset. Low-volume hospitals ( 245) and surgeons (10-15 vs ≥60) using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression. Multiple sensitivity analyses were performed treating volume as a continuous variable. Results In total, 48,809 patients were included. Very high-volume hospitals demonstrated slightly less pneumonia (6% vs 7%, hazard ratio [HR] 0.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.68-0.88, P Conclusion A clinically meaningful volume-outcome relationship was not identified among very high-volume hemiarthroplasty surgeons or hospitals. Although prior evidence indicates that outcomes can be improved by avoiding very low-volume providers, these results suggest that complications would not be further reduced by directing all hemiarthroplasty patients to very high-volume surgeons or facilities. Future research investigating whether inpatient mortality changes with surgeon volume (particularly around 30 cases/y) in a different dataset would be valuable. Level of Evidence Prognostic Level III.
Big five, linguistic styles, and successful online learning

Abstract With the tremendous growth in online classes and programs at institutions of higher education, conflicting claims are increasingly being made on media and blog sites about the personality types that are compatible with this new learning format. The relations between the Five Factor Model of Personality (FFM) and linguistic styles with measures of academic performance in fully online asynchronous classes were examined. Consistent with findings based on research in face-to-face classes, Conscientiousness, Openness to Experience, and Analytic Thinking were associated with academic success. There was no support for the views propagated on the internet that extraversion, introversion, or anxiety hinder or foster online learning. The most robust predictor of academic performance throughout the semester, independent of the personality variables, was the number of words students contributed to the online discussions. These finding are interpreted within the Community of Inquiry framework (CoI; Garrison, 2003 ) and future lines of research are suggested.
Vitamin D and cardiovascular disease.

Purpose of reviewVitamin D plays a role in many biochemical pathways outside of bone and calcium metabolism, including the cardiovascular system. Prior studies have linked vitamin D deficiency to hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease. In this review, we summarize
Rumination and dysregulated behaviors

Abstract This chapter explores the literatures linking rumination with mental disorders and behaviors characterized by dysregulation and impulsivity. I first describe the evidence showing that rumination predicts substance use and substance-related problems, as well as potential mechanisms of these associations. The chapter then reviews theory and support for the links between rumination and borderline personality, as well as eating disorders. After next addressing the effect of rumination on suicidality and self-harm, I conclude by describing the new literature on rumination and psychotic symptoms.
Motion Estimation From Doppler and Spatial Data in SONAR Images

Motion estimation is critical for the localization of autonomous underwater vehicles. Current SONAR-based techniques exclusively utilize either Doppler or spatial measurements. However, these measurement domains are complementary to each other; Doppler measurements directly measure radial motion, whereas spatial measurements uniquely observe angular motion. Therefore, this article presents SONARODO (SONAR Odometry), a novel real-time motion estimation algorithm for 2-D forward-looking SONARs. It depends on a largely decoupled motion estimation process that better utilizes each measurement domain for their respective strengths. Specifically, it estimates translational motion from Doppler-azimuth images and rotational motion from range-azimuth images. While this method does require a SONAR that can provide both image types, it was designed to ensure robustness to featureless seafloor environments and low-resolution images. This article's validation with high-fidelity simulation data demonstrated that SONARODO offers accuracy and computational cost advantages over related motion estimation techniques.
Preoperative opioid use and incidence of surgical site infection after repair of ventral and incisional hernias.

Abstract Background Preoperative opioid use is a risk factor for complications after some surgical procedures. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of preoperative opiates on outcomes after ventral hernia repair. Methods With institutional review board approval, we conducted a retrospective review of consecutive ventral hernia repair cases during a 4-y period. Results A striking 48% of the total 234 patients met criteria for preoperative opioid use. Preoperative characteristics and operative details were similar between patient groups (preoperative opioid use versus no preoperative opioid use). Median duration of hospital stay trended toward an increase for opioid users versus nonopioid users (P = .06). Return of bowel function was delayed in opioid users compared with nonopioid users (P = .018). Incidence of superficial surgical site infection was increased among patients who used opioids preoperatively (27% vs 8.3%; P Conclusion Among patients undergoing ventral hernia repair, those with preoperative opioid use experienced an increased incidence of superficial surgical site infection compared with patients without preoperative opioid use. Further study is needed to understand the relationship between opioid use and surgical site infection after ventral hernia repair.
Who feels the impacts of climate change

Abstract Feeling affected by climate change related disasters has the potential to mobilize belief in climate change, concern about the issue, and support for mitigation policies – even when accounting for the effects of physically living through a disaster. In this study we use a two-wave survey design where respondents in the United States were interviewed before and after Hurricane Florence to better understand who feels affected by such disasters. First, we find that being worried about climate change increases the feeling of being affected by the hurricane among those who regularly discuss climate change. Second, we find that those who are high in perspective taking are more likely to feel affected. However, those who are high in empathic concern, but feel obligated to help victims of disasters, are less likely to feel affected. This suggests that hurricanes may cause a collapse of compassion, where those who are especially sensitive to the suffering of others down-regulate their emotional response to costly disasters.
Customer Injustice and Service Employees' Responses: A Social Exchange Perspective

Recent research has uncovered the debilitating effect that customers’ unfair treatment of service workers has for both employees and their employers. These studies have largely explained the effect...
A 25.6-27.5GHz Phase-Locked Loop for SerDes Transceiver Clocking in 5nm FinFET

This paper presents a 25.6-27.5GHz integer-N Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) implemented in a 5nm FinFET process technology. The PLL incorporates a class-B LC VCO, a low-ripple PFD+CP and a wide-range programmable feedback divider. Targeting at 26.56GHz for a 106Gb/s Serializer-Deserializer (SerDes) application, the test chip achieves <90fs-rms jitter (integrated from 100Hz to Nyquist frequency) and <-120dBc reference spur with a CDR highpass bandwidth of 4MHz, for a power consumption of ~28mW from 0.875V supply.
An efficient error-masking technique for improving the soft-error robustness of static CMOS circuits

Soft-errors are functional failures resulting from the latching of single-event transients (transient voltage fluctuations at a logic node or SETs) caused by electrical noise or high-energy particle strikes. Due to technology scaling and reduced supply voltages, they are expected to increase by several orders of magnitude in logic circuits in the near future. Existing circuit and architectural solutions are inadequate because they have appreciable area/cost, performance, and/or power overheads. We present a very efficient and systematic error-masking technique for static CMOS combinational circuits that prevents an SET pulse, with width, in the worst case, less than approximately half of the timing slack available in its propagation path, from latching and turning into a soft error. The SET is masked without additional delay and within the clock cycle time in an area-efficient manner, which makes this technique applicable to commodity as well as reliability-critical applications. Application of this technique to ISCAS85 benchmark circuits yields average soft-error rate reduction of 75.71% with average area overhead of only 18.14%.
Platelet-activating factor receptor antagonism targets neuroinflammation in experimental epilepsy.

Summary Purpose: Temporal lobe epilepsy is associated with the inflammatory process related to the basic mechanisms that lead to seizure susceptibility and brain damage. Platelet-activating factor (PAF), a potent, short-lived phospholipid mediator of inflammation, participates in physiologic signaling in the brain. However, after seizures, PAF accumulates in the brain and activates intracellular signaling related with inflammation-mediated excitotoxicity and hippocampal hyperexcitability. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of PAF antagonism on hippocampal hyperexcitability, seizure susceptibility, and neuroprotection using the kindling paradigm and pilocarpine-induced seizure damage models. Methods: The PAF antagonist, LAU-0901 (60 mg/kg, i.p.), or vehicle, was administrated each day of kindling or daily during the 4 weeks after status epilepticus (SE). We analyzed seizure severity, electrical activity, cellular damage, and inflammation in the hippocampi of both treated groups. Key Findings: LAU-0901 limits the progression of kindling and attenuates seizure susceptibility 1 week after the kindling procedure. In addition, under the seizure-damage conditions studied here, we observed that LAU-0901 induces hippocampal neuroprotection and limits somatostatin interneuronal cell loss and inflammation. Significance: Our results indicate that modulation of PAF overactivity attenuates seizure susceptibility, hippocampal hyperexcitability, and neuroinflammation.
Fluorescence measurement of calcium transients in perfused rabbit heart using rhod 2

Surface fluorescence spectroscopy of the beating heart to measure cytosolic calcium has been limited by the need to use ultraviolet excitation light for many of the commonly used calcium indicators...
Abstract 230: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition Increases ADMA Concentration in Patients on Hemodialysis

Endothelial dysfunction occurs commonly in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an inhibitor of nitric oxidase synthase, is elevated in patients with chronic kidney disease and contributes to endothelial dysfunction in ESRD. In the general population, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) decrease ADMA levels, but no study has compared the effect of these drugs in patients with ESRD on hemodialysis. We therefore evaluated the effect of one-week treatment with ramipril (5 mg/d), valsartan (160 mg/d) and placebo on ADMA levels in fifteen patients on hemodialysis in a previously published double-blind, placebo-controlled, 3X3 cross-over study. We found that ADMA levels were increased at baseline and throughout the dialysis session during ramipril treatment (Figure 1, p<0.001 compared to both placebo and valsartan). Ramipril did not increase ADMA levels in a study of patients without ESRD, suggesting that factors related to ESRD or hemodialysis contribute to the ACE inhibitor-induced increase in ADMA levels. We have previously shown that ACE inhibition increases bradykinin (BK) levels during hemodialysis. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of BK on ADMA production in A549 cells; incubation with BK increased intracellular ADMA concentration through bradykinin B2- receptor (B2R) stimulation (Figure 2). In conclusion, ACE inhibition increases ADMA in patients on hemodialysis. Studies in vitro suggest that this could occur through a bradykinin-mediated increase in ADMA production. ![][1] [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif
Northwest Africa 428: Impact‐induced annealing of an L6 chondrite breccia

Northwest Africa (NWA) 428 is an L chondrite that was successively thermally metamorphosed to petrologic type-6, shocked to stage S4-S5, brecciated, and annealed to approximately petrologic type-4. Its thermal and shock history resembles that of the previously studied LL6 chondrite, Miller Range (MIL) 99301, which formed on a different asteroid. The petrologic type-6 classification of NWA 428 is based on its highly recrystallized texture, coarse metal (150 +/- 150 micron), troilite (100 +/- 170 micron), and plagioclase (20-60 micron) grains, and relatively homogeneous olivine (Fa(sub 24.4 +/- 0.6)), low-Ca pyroxene (FS(sub 2.5+/- 0~,4) , and plagioclase (Ab(sub 84.2 +/- 0.4) compositions. The petrographic criteria that indicate shock stage S4-S5 include the presence of chromite veinlets, chromite-plagioclase assemblages, numerous occurrences of metallic Cu, irregular troilite grains within metallic Fe-Ni, polycrystalline troilite, duplex plessite, metal and troilite veins, large troilite nodules, and low-Ca clinopyroxene with polysynthetic twins. If the rock had been shocked before thermal metamorphism, low-Ca clinopyroxene produced by the shock event would have transformed into orthopyroxene. Post-shock brecciation is indicated by the presence of recrystallized clasts and highly shocked clasts that form sharp boundaries with the host. Post-shock annealing is indicated by the sharp optical extinction of the olivine grains; during annealing, the damaged olivine crystal lattices healed. If temperatures exceeded those approximating petrologic type-4 (approximately 600-700 C) during annealing, the low-Ca clinopyroxene would have transformed into orthopyroxene. The other shock indicators, likewise, survived the mild annealing. An impact event is the most plausible source of post-metamorphic, post-shock annealing because any A1-26 that may have been present when the asteroid accreted would have decayed away by the time NWA 428 was annealed. The similar inferred histories of NWA 428 (L6) and MIL 99301 (LL6) indicate that impact heating affected more than 1 ordinary chondrite parent body.
Effects of alcohol on social anxiety and physiological arousal: Cognitive versus pharmacological processes

Thirty-two male social drinkers were randomly assigned to one of two expectancy conditions in which they were led to believe that the beverage they consumed contained either vodka and tonic or tonic only. For half of the subjects in each expectancy condition, the beverage actually contained vodka; the others drank only tonic. After their drinks, subjects' heart rates were monitored during a brief social interaction with a female confederate. Self-report and questionnaire measures of social anxiety were taken before and after the interaction. Subjects who believed that they had consumed alcohol showed significantly less increase in heart rate than those who believed that they consumed tonic only, regardless of the actual content of their drinks. There was no effect of alcohol per se. The theoretical implications of these results are briefly discussed.
Virtual and Hybrid Meetings for Generation X: Using the Delphi Method to Determine Best Practices, Opportunities, and Barriers

This study identifies best practices, opportunities, and barriers for marketing and planning virtual and hybrid meetings for Generation X (36 to 49 years old) within the United States. Utilizing a modified Delphi method, a meeting professional panel contributed to four rounds of the Delphi to determine group consent. For virtual meetings, best practice recommendations included having planners collaborate with meeting content designers, including interactive experiences, and including interaction with live experts. For hybrid meetings, best practices identified included real world examples, providing easy to use and convenient technology, and having planners collaborate with meeting content designers. Opportunities and barriers for virtual and hybrid meetings were also identified
Suppression of void nucleation by a vacancy trapping mechanism

Abstract A model for suppressing void nucleation in fast reactor environments is proposed in which the free vacancy concentration participating in void nucleation is reduced by vacancy trapping at oversize solute atoms. Calculations for void nucleation in an iron alloy containing 0.3 at −% of solute with a vacancy binding energy of 0.5 eV show reductions in void nucleation rate by a factor of 10 14 or more. The mechanism should not be subject to the instabilities of cold work recovery and precipitate overaging inherent in present methods of swelling reduction and since only small solute additions are required, the mechanism suggests a potential means for improving the swelling resistance of currrently available cladding materials.
The Front Range Blizzard of 1990. Part I: Synoptic and Mesoscale Structure

Abstract Over 1 m of snow fell in the foothills of southeast Wyoming and northeast Colorado during the storm of 6–7 March 1990. The heavy snowfall combined with strong winds to product blizzard conditions resulting in major highways being closed for several days. The heaviest snow fell in the vicinity of a narrow northerly barrier jet that developed in place along the Front Range of the Colorado Rockies. Strong warm-air advection from the southeast was observed during the development of the barrier jet; there was no cold-air advection from the north. Rapid intensification of the barrier jet took place only after precipitation started and was concurrent with the development of heavy precipitation. A mesoscale front marked the transition from southeasterly to northerly flow. This front remained very close to the rain-snow line and progressed toward the east at 1–2 m s−1 for about 15 h. Melting precipitation appears to be the dominant process contributing to the development of the barrier jet and mesoscale f...
Synthesis of a ferrocene-functionalized unsymmetrical benzo[b]thienyl-thienylethene photoswitch with a cyclopentene core

A new and potentially general synthetic route toward unsymmetrical benzo[b]thienyl-thienylethene compounds is described, with specific focus on conjugation of a ferrocene to the benzo[b]thiophene subunit. The route proceeds in an overall yield of 17%.