cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Bacteriostatic effect of tetracycline in a temporary cement

Abstract Temporary crowns with subgingival margins can result in gingival inflammation. This inflammation is the result of plaque accumulating at the restoration-tooth interface and a change in the nature of that plaque to one associated with periodontitis. It was postulated that tetracycline incorporated in a slightly soluble cement would be released in the sulcus and decrease the amount, and improve the quality, of the subgingival microflora. The unknown was whether tetracycline is inactivated by any of the components of the temporary cement Temp Bond. To determine this concern, disks of Temp Bond cement with and without varying concentrations of tetracycline were anaerobically incubated in cultures of Bacteroides gingivalis . Results showed that tetracycline incorporated in Temp Bond at 10% by weight is highly bacteriostatic while retaining typical working properties of the cement.
Optimal transmission ranges and code rates for frequency-hop packet radio networks

We consider a frequency-hopping multihop packet radio network using M-ary frequency-shift keying modulation in a Rayleigh fading environment. Each node transmits packets using an extended (n, k) Reed-Solomon code and the slotted ALOHA channel access protocol. For this network, we determine the optimum transmission range, optimum code rate, and optimum slotted ALOHA transmission probability to be used by each node in the network. Tradeoffs in choosing the transmission range and code rate, and the spectral efficiency of the network are captured in a new performance measure, information efficiency, which is analogous to expected forward progress. Maximizing the information efficiency yields the optimum desired network parameters.
Perioperative Risk Modification in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

The aim of this article was to perform a review of the current literature and to identify studies that highlight the key putative mechanisms associated with increased perioperative risk in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We categorized these mechanisms on the basis of specific organ systems, such as cardiovascular and pulmonary systems, as well as risk factors pertaining to anesthesia and surgery (for example, mode of anesthesia and severity of surgery), which may also influence perioperative morbidity and mortality. Using evidence-based clinical practice and expert opinion, we have explicitly described various risk modification strategies for these mechanisms associated with OSA that may be beneficial in guiding best clinical practice with good perioperative outcome. We have also provided a summary table illustrating these factors involved, together with their appropriate risk modifiers.
Postoperative and Postpartum Onset of Chronic Parkinsonism: Four Case Reports

Background: Certain environmental exposures have been linked to the development of parkinsonism. We report four cases in which the onset of chronic parkinsonism occurred immediately or soon after surgery or childbirth. Results: Exposure to certain anesthetic agents in susceptible individuals or the physiological changes associated with surgery or childbirth may have contributed to or precipitated the development of parkinsonism. Conclusion: Clinicians should be aware that postoperative or postpartum settings are potential precipitants of chronic parkinsonism. More research is needed to clarify contributing factors.
A model based fault detection and accommodation scheme for nonlinear discrete-time systems with asymptotic stability guarantee

In this paper, a fault detection and accommodation (FDA) framework is developed for unknown nonlinear discrete-time systems. The changes in the system dynamics due to the faults are modeled as a nonlinear function of state and input variables while the time profile of the fault is assumed to be exponentially developing. A fault is detected by monitoring the system states and reconstructing the fault dynamics using online approximators. The online approximator output is used first for fault detection and later reconfigured for accommodation. A stable adaptation law in discrete-time is developed not only to characterize the faults but also for controller reconfiguration. The asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system due to the FDA algorithm is demonstrated in the presence of online approximator reconstruction errors and bounded system uncertainties by using a robust term. Finally, a simulation example is utilized to illustrate the performance of the proposed FDA scheme.
The Impact of Professional Development on the Quality of the Transition Components of IEPs

Under the Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), transition needs and services are to be discussed as part of the Individual Education Program (IEP) planning process, and decisions based on students’ future goals are to be documented in the IEP. These transition requirements were included in IDEA in order to plan with the student, family, school, and agencies; assist students to see the path to the future; and increase their success post high school. In this study, 27 secondary teachers received professional development (PD) on the transition components in the IEP. The impact on the inclusion and quality of these components was evaluated using 302 IEPs collected before and after the PD. Preliminary findings show promise in positively affecting the IEP components.
Serotyping of US Isolates of Chlamydophila Psittaci from Domestic and Wild Birds

The identities of chlamydial strains, which can infect a given host, are important to know for disease prognosis, disease control, and epidemiology. The microimmunofluorescence test (MIFT) was used with a panel of 14 serovar-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to serotype 150 chlamydial isolates from domestic and wild birds. The isolates were obtained from birds submitted to diagnostic laboratories or during investigation of outbreaks. The 150 US isolates included 96 from the order Psittaciformes, 14 isolates from the order Columbiformes, 2 from the order Passeriformes, 16 from the order Galliformes, 12 from the order Struthioniformes, and 3 from the order Falconiformes. A total of 93, or 97%, of the Psittaciformes isolates were of serovar A; 11, or 79%, of the Columbiformes isolates were of serovar B; 64% of the Galliformes isolates were of serovar D, and all the Struthioniformes isolates were of serovar E. The 3 Falconiformes isolates did not react with any of the MAbs to the avian and mammalian isolates and are presumed to represent a new strain. The results show that specific chlamydial strains are usually associated with certain types of birds and that some serovars may be unusually virulent for certain species of birds. The MIFT using serovar-specific MAbs provides a rapid method to serotype new isolates, making it a useful system for epidemiological studies.
The EE student's PC toolkit. III. Word processing

For pt.II see ibid., vol.9, no.1, p.44 (Feb. 1990). This part discusses public domain and shareware application programs useful in electrical engineering coursework, focusing on software for word processing. The criteria used to select software for inclusion are described, and graphics compatibility is discussed. Two selected packages are described. >
Iron Oxide Composite Nanoparticles and Sensing Properties

This paper reports findings of an investigation of the synthesis of monolayer-capped iron oxide and core (iron oxide)-shell (gold) nanocomposite and their assembly towards thin films as sensing materials. Pre-synthesized and size-defined iron oxide nanoparticles were used as seeding materials for the reduction of gold precursors, which was shown to be effective for coating the iron oxide cores with gold shells (Fe oxide@Au). The unique aspect of our synthesis is the formation of Fe oxide@Au core-shell nanoparticles with controllable surface properties. By controlling the reaction temperatures and manipulating the capping agent properties and solution compositions, the size, shape, composition, and monodispersity can be tailored. The core-shell nanoparticles were shown to form molecularly-mediated thin film assemblies using molecular mediators. The sensing properties of the nanostructures on piezoelectric devices were examined for the detection of volatile organic compounds. The preliminary results have provided important insights into the design of core-shell nanocomposites as sensing materials.
Performance improvements with advanced design foils in high-current electron beam diodes

A design for the vacuum/pressure barrier of an electron-beam diode ready to be fielded on a large krypton-fluoride excimer laser is described. The barrier is a composite foil, fabricated from carbon fibers, Kapton-membrane, epoxy, and copper foil. This composite foil has advantages over more traditional metal foils, exhibiting particularly high tensile strength and a high modulus of elasticity. Other important properties of these composites for use in KrF excimer laser applications include: high electron transmission with low loss to scattering, chemical compatibility with fluorine, low porosity, and low reflectivity in the ultraviolet. The mechanical properties of the composite foil allow the design of support structures (hibachis) which incorporate larger openings than are possible with metal foils with similar electron transmission characteristics. >
Simulation Model for Storm Cycles and Beach Erosion on Lake Michigan

A mathematical simulation model is used to study the relations among storm cycles, beach erosion, and nearshore bar migration. The model is based on Fourier analysis of weather and wave data collected on Lake Michigan during the summers of 1969 and 1970. In the simulation of coastal processes, barometric pressure is used as the independent variable with longshore current velocity computed as the first derivative and breaker height as a filtered version of the second derivative of barometric pressure. The simulated curves are used to compute wave and longshore current energy for each storm cycle and poststorm recovery. Daily profiles across the nearshore area provide data for topographic maps and maps of erosion and deposition. For simulation, the nearshore area is broken down into five components including beach, foreshore, plunge zone, trough, and bar. A gently sloping linear plus quadratic surface is used to represent the barless topography, with bars and troughs generated by normal curves. Bar distance is computed as a function of wave energy and bottom slope. Position of the bar and trough along the shore is determined by wave and longshore current energy. Simulated maps are produced for each storm cycle and poststorm recovery.
Accuracy of cardiac output, oxygen uptake and arteriovenous oxygen difference at rest, during exercise and after vasodilator therapy in patients with severe, chronic heart failure

Measurement of cardiac output, arteriovenous oxygen difference, and oxygen uptake in patients with heart failure may be subject to technical and biologic inaccuracies. We measured these 3 variables in 16 patients with chronic heart failure at rest and during exercise. When cardiac output was measured by thermodilution and compared with values calculated by the Fick principle, there was a significant correlation at rest (r = 0.91, p less than 0.001) and at exercise (r = 0.93, p less than 0.001). When the arteriovenous oxygen difference was measured by spectrophotometry of arterial and mixed venous samples and compared with values calculated by the Fick principle, there was a significant correlation at rest (r = 0.80, p less than 0.01) and at exercise (r = 0.76, p less than 0.01). When oxygen uptake was measured from expired gas analysis and compared with values calculated by the Fick principle, there was a significant correlation at rest (r = 0.84, p less than 0.01) and at exercise (r = 0.94, p less than 0.001). In addition, 10 patients received vasodilator treatment which increased cardiac output and decreased the arteriovenous oxygen difference at rest and exercise. There was no significant difference between measured and calculated values for the 3 variables under those additional conditions. It is concluded that despite technical and biologic difficulties, cardiac output, arteriovenous oxygen difference, and oxygen uptake, when calculated from Fick's principle, yield results equivalent to direct measurement.
Location, Location, Location: Localized Memory Cells Take Residence in the Allergic Lung

Understanding the localization of cells is important as local environmental cues influence both phenotype and effector function. In this issue of Immunity , Pepper and colleagues find that allergen–specific tissue-resident memory T cells are maintained by IL-2 and are key drivers of allergic pathology.
Wearable scanning photoacoustic brain imaging in behaving rats.

A wearable scanning photoacoustic imaging (wPAI) system is presented for noninvasive brain study in behaving rats. This miniaturized wPAI system consists of four pico linear servos and a single transducer-based PAI probe. It has a dimension of 50 mm × 35 mm × 40 mm, and a weight of 26 g excluding cablings. Phantom evaluation shows that wPAI achieves a lateral resolution of ∼0.5 mm and an axial resolution of ∼0.1 mm at a depth of up to 11 mm. Its imaging ability is also tested in a behaving rat, and the results indicate that wPAI is able to image blood vessels at a depth of up to 5 mm with intact scalp and skull. With its noninvasive, deep penetration, and functional imaging ability in behaving animals, wPAI can be used for behavior, cognition, and preclinical brain disease studies.
Noninvasive measures of cardiovascular changes in diabetes mellitus.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Advances in noninvasive medical technology have led to more aggressive pursuit of cardiovascular disease detection in patients with diabetes mellitus. Studies measuring carotid intima-media thickness, arterial stiffness and coronary artery calcification have documented early markers of cardiovascular disease. Such markers have gained popularity for research and clinical use. This paper reviews recent studies using noninvasive technology for detection and monitoring of cardiovascular disease as it pertains to diabetes patients. RECENT FINDINGS Studies published in the review period have utilized noninvasive techniques to monitor subclinical cardiovascular disease in diabetes patients, including carotid intima-media thickness to evaluate carotid atherosclerosis, pulse wave velocity and pulse wave analysis to measure arterial stiffness, electron beam computed tomography to evaluate coronary artery calcification, and magnetic resonance imaging to study cardiovascular plaque. These techniques have shown promising results and will have useful application for diabetes patients in the future. SUMMARY Noninvasive testing is being redefined to include new techniques for detection and monitoring of cardiovascular changes. In the appropriate clinical setting, these tests offer novel approaches to monitoring - each with its own benefits and caveats. Further refinement of techniques will lead to increased applicability and improved ability for early detection of subclinical cardiovascular disease.
Quenching of Quantum Dot Emission by Fluorescent Gold Clusters: What It Does and Does Not Share with the Förster Formalism

Understanding the interactions that control the energy transfer between dyes, or luminescent quantum dots (QDs), and gold nanoparticles still has several unanswered questions. In this study we probed these interactions using a unique model where CdSe-ZnS QDs were coupled to fluorescent gold nanoclusters (AuNCs). Steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence measurements were used to investigate the effects of spectral overlap and separation distance on the quenching of QD photoemission in these assemblies, using three different size QDs with distinct emission spectra and a variable length polyethylene glycol bridge. We found that the QD photoluminescence quenching efficiency depends on the spectral overlap and separation distance, with larger quenching efficiencies than what would be expected for a QD-dye pair with similar overlap. Moreover, despite the large losses in QD PL, we found no resonance enhancement in the cluster emission for any of the sample configurations used. These results indicate that the ...
Urglogic Anomalies Associated with an Absent Uterus

AbstractWe report 37 cases of congenital absence of the uterus, including 5 patients with the testicular feminization syndrome. Seven of 27 excretory urograms were abnormal. No correlation between the extent of vaginal maldevelopment and urologic anomalies could be documented.
Distortion Analysis of Welded Stiffeners

This paper presents a welding distortion analysis approach for T-stiffeners with a particular emphasis on welding-induced buckling instabilities. Two-dimensional thermomechanical welding process simulations are performed to determine the residual stress and angular distortion. This critical buckling stress along with the buckling mode and bowing distortion are computed in 3-D eigenvalue and linear stress analyses. The effects of the stiffener geometry, weld sequence, weld heat input and mechanical fixturing on the occurrence of buckling and the distortion pattern are investigated.
Presence of interstitial lung diseases (ILD) in patients diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS): Mayo Clinic experience.

e18551Background: MDS are a group of heterogeneous neoplasms defined by the presence of dysplasia and cytopenias with recurrent cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities. ILD are rare and have been r...
Impact of sub-threshold SOA on ESD protection schemes

SOA (safe operating area) at subthreshold gate voltages are typically not of interest during normal operation. Under ESD conditions, however, the device could be biased in the subthreshold regime. In this paper we discuss the impact of subthreshold gate voltages on the SOA boundary of LDMOS devices and its implications to ESD design.
Choosing and using verbs

Choosing precise, vivid verbs improves the clarity and enhances the style of medical writing. Ideally, writers should use precise, vivid verbs in medical writing and other genres. Moreover, employing active voice or passive voice has important implications for meaning as well as style. Editing techniques such as analyzing the use of the verb “to be,” phrasal verbs, and passive voice and learning field-specific vocabulary help medical writers to use verbs effectively in their writing.
Molecular Mechanism of TMEM16A CA2+-Activated Chloride Channel Desensitization

TMEM16A forms the long-sought after calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC) that is highly expressed in various tissues such as dorsal root ganglia (DRGs), epithelial and smooth muscle cells. Extensive studies have demonstrated that the TMEM16A-CaCC plays important roles in mediating nociception, trans-epithelial chloride transport and smooth muscle contraction. Whilst the activation mechanism of the TMEM16A-CaCC has been extensively explored, how the channel activity is regulated in different cell types remains elusive. By studying the molecular mechanism of TMEM16A-CaCC desensitization, a well-documented characteristic of CaCCs, we aim to understand how the TMEM16A-CaCC is regulated at molecular and cellular levels. Our findings will not only illustrate the desensitization mechanism of the TMEM16A-CaCC channel, but add new insights on understanding the channel activation mechanism. As the desensitization severely hampers the biophysical characterization of TMEM16A-CaCC properties, our findings will provide a solution to prevent CaCC desensitization and thus facilitate the structure-function study of the TMEM16 channels.
Hitting the Right Paraphrases in Good Time

We present a random-walk-based approach to learning paraphrases from bilingual parallel corpora. The corpora are represented as a graph in which a node corresponds to a phrase, and an edge exists between two nodes if their corresponding phrases are aligned in a phrase table. We sample random walks to compute the average number of steps it takes to reach a ranking of paraphrases with better ones being "closer" to a phrase of interest. This approach allows "feature" nodes that represent domain knowledge to be built into the graph, and incorporates truncation techniques to prevent the graph from growing too large for efficiency. Current approaches, by contrast, implicitly presuppose the graph to be bipartite, are limited to finding paraphrases that are of length two away from a phrase, and do not generally permit easy incorporation of domain knowledge. Manual evaluation of generated output shows that our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art system of Callison-Burch (2008).
The Variability of Cloud Condensation Nuclei and Cloud Droplet Populations in Convective Clouds over the High Plains: How often are Continental Clouds Continental?

Observations and cloud microphysical modelling suggest that hygroscopic cloud seeding can be used to enhance precipitation from continental convective clouds. Model simulations demonstrate that the effect of such treatment varies with cloud microphysical characteristics. Significant enhancement is predicted for clouds with continental cloud droplet spectra, i.e. droplet concentrations on the order of 1000 cm^-3. The effect on maritime clouds with droplet concentrations of the order of a few 100’s cm^3 or less is predicted to be much smaller. A survey of past studies of aerosols is presented along with a newly-assembled collection of observations of convective cloud droplet concentrations over the High Plains of North America. It is shown that while a majority of clouds are indeed microphysically continental, a significant fraction of clouds in this region have microphysical characteristics that are maritime or intermediate between maritime and truly continental. Practitioners of hygroscopic seeding in this region need to monitor aerosol and cloud characteristics and target microphysically continental clouds if they want to optimize the effects of their seeding. Furthermore, indiscriminant hygroscopic seeding of clouds or an evaluation of results without regard to the maritime or continental character of the target and control clouds could lead to inconclusive and/or spurious results.
Predictors of emergency department discharge following pediatric drowning

Abstract Objective Drowning is among the top ten causes of death in children in all regions of the world. Literature is scarce on hospital resource utilization in pediatric drowning. We aimed to identify predictors of discharge home in children presenting to the emergency department (ED) after accidental drowning. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we studied children 0-18 years old presenting to the ED of an urban, free-standing tertiary care children's hospital with submersion injury from 1/1/10 to 12/31/14. Subjects were identified via International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, codes, excluding those indicating intentional injury. Primary outcome was ED disposition. Covariates included standard demographics, witnessed event, field intervention (e.g. cardiopulmonary resuscitation), triage vital signs, radiography, and blood gas analysis. Routine statistical analysis and multivariable logistic regression with adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were performed with SAS 9.4. Results Ninety-one ED visits were screened with one excluded due to miscoding. The majority were male (59%), non-Hispanic white (72%), and urban (90%). Patients tended to be of younger age (48% age 1-5 years). Fifty-seven children (63%) were admitted, 23 required ICU level care (26%), and one died. In multivariable analysis, ED discharge was significantly more likely with normal oxygen saturations in triage (aOR 6.80, p=0.04) and no field intervention (aOR 5.10; p=0.02). Conclusions Children with accidental submersion injury were significantly more likely to be discharged from the ED if they had normal oxygen saturation and no immediate field intervention reported. Future research includes linking these factors to patient outcomes and standardizing clinical approach.
Blending Optimization of Non-Dioctyl Phthalate Plasticized Poly (vinyl chloride) Formulations

ABSTRACTThe use of non-ortho-phthalate plasticizers in poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) packaging materials and medical devices has been in increasing demand due to worldwide regulatory trends to minimize or eliminate phthalate plasticizers (particularly di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) or dioctyl phthalate (DOP)) in the PVC industry. This study evaluates the dry-blending cycle time of a suspension grade PVC formulated with various non-DOP plasticizers, di-(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHT or DOTP), tris (2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TEHTM or TOTM) and alkyl sulphonic phenyl ester (ASE), and compares them with the DOP standard. A design of experiments was also conducted to study the critical dry-blending parameters for optimization of PVC formulated with only DEHT. Effects of PVC temperature (measured during plasticizer addition to the blender), plasticizer pre-heat temperature, plasticizer and lubricant concentrations and the method of plasticizer addition on the dry-blending cycle time and peak amperage of t...
Determining the relationship between early postmortem loin quality attributes and aged loin quality attributes using meta-analyses techniques.

ObjectivesThe objectives were to: 1) evaluate changes in pork quality parameters during postmortem aging, 2) correlate early postmortem loin quality parameters with aged loin quality parameters, and 3) determine the predictive ability of early postmortem loin quality parameters on aged color and marbling as well as sensory tenderness, juiciness, and flavor using meta- and holo-analysis techniques.Materials and MethodsEleven independent experiments were selected for inclusion in the analysis. Inclusion criteria included studies where pigs were slaughtered at a commercial facility, loins were evaluated on the ventral surface of the loins on d 1 postmortem, and then again after an aging period that ranged from 12 to 28 d. Data sets encompassed approximately 3957 loins. The effects of aging on ventral loin surface quality was determined using a paired-t test. Pearson correlation coefficients within original data sets were calculated and then sample-weighted mean correlations (r) and variances [Var(r)] were calculated across data sets. Stepwise regression, using a holo-analysis approach, was used to determine the predictive ability of early postmortem ventral color, marbling, firmness, and pH on sensory ratings.ResultsVentral loin surfaces became 8% lighter (P < 0.0001), 44.5% redder (P < 0.0001), and 46% more yellow (P < 0.0001) during the aging period. Therefore, it was apparent that loin quality changes during postmortem aging. Because of this, it was necessary to determine the correlation between early and aged pork quality parameters. Early postmortem ventral instrumental lightness (L*) was moderately correlated with aged ventral L* (r = 0.50), aged ventral visual color (r = –0.38), aged chop face (freshly cut) L* (r = 0.44), and aged chop face visual color (r = –0.38). Early postmortem ventral instrumental redness (a*) was moderately correlated with aged ventral a* (r = 0.49) and aged chop face a* (r = 0.46). Early postmortem ventral visual color was moderately correlated with aged ventral L* (r = –0.51), aged ventral color (r = 0.50), aged chop face L* (r = –0.43), and aged chop face visual color (r = 0.43). However, no instrumental or visual color parameters were moderately or strongly correlated to instrumental tenderness or sensory panel ratings of tenderness or juiciness (|r| ≤ 0.36). Early postmortem ventral visual marbling was moderately correlated with aged ventral marbling (r = 0.63) and aged chop face visual marbling (r = 0.56). Visual marbling was not (|r| ≤ 0.12) correlated to instrumental tenderness or sensory panel ratings of tenderness and juiciness. The combination of color, marbling, firmness, and pH were poor predictors (R2 ≤ 0.13) of sensory tenderness (R2 = 0.13) and juiciness (R2 = 0.09), but were moderately predictive of sensory flavor (R2 = 0.28).ConclusionEarly postmortem color and marbling are important pork quality traits in consumers purchasing decisions, but are poorly related to traits associated with eating experience.
216 GHz Electron Paramagnetic Resonance of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Catalase-Peroxidase: The Role of the Arg418 Residue

The catalase-peroxidase protein from Mycobacterium tuberculosis contains a variety of unique structural features including a covalently-linked three amino acid adduct capable of hosting a tyrosine-based radical. Previous work has demonstrated that the Arg418 residue is essential for the catalse but not the peroxidase activity of the protein and crystallography has indicated the residue to be capable of adopting two conformations relative to the adduct-radical. In the present work the WT and Arg418Leu mutant proteins were investigated using high-field electron magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Different sets of g-values were found for each protein indicating different paramagnetic environments. Quantum chemical calculations of model structures were undertaken to elucidate the geometrical environment of the radical. It is proposed that the two sets of g-values correspond to the two conformations of the Arg418 residue. The implications for the catalytic mechanism are discussed.
Comparison of different exercise ankle pressure indices in the diagnosis of peripheral artery disease.

Although the resting ankle-brachial index (ABI) is commonly used as a tool to diagnose peripheral artery disease (PAD), several additional indices measured after exercise may have increased sensitivity for identifying PAD. The aim of this study was to determine the utility of resting ABI and three post-exercise physiological parameters for diagnosing PAD confirmed by arterial imaging studies. For each qualifying study, we assessed the performance measures for identifying PAD for resting ABI 20% with exercise, and a decrease in ankle pressure > 30 mmHg with exercise. Of the 199 exams that met our inclusion criteria, imaging showed a > 75% stenotic lesion in at least one limb in 138 (69%) of patients. For stenoses > 75%, resting ABI 20% was 67% (95% CI: 59-75%) and the sensitivity for a decrease in ankle pressure > 30 mmHg was 4% (95% CI: 2-9%). For individuals with a normal resting ABI but stenotic lesions > 75% confirmed by imaging (n=49), the addition of exercise ABI testing correctly identified an additional 25% of this population. Overall, exercise ABI < 0.90 exhibits a greater sensitivity for detecting PAD compared to resting ABI. Furthermore, exercise ABI < 0.90 had added clinical utility in patients with normal resting ABIs and was superior to other commonly used exercise indices.
Functionalized Polyolefins via Copolymerization of Borane Monomers in Ziegler-Natta Process

Polyolefins, especially polyethylene and polypropylene, are used in a wide range of applications, since they incorporate an excellent combination of mechanical, chemical and electronic properties and processibility. Nevertheless, deficiencies, such as the lack of reactive groups in the polymer structure, have limited some of their end uses, particularly those in which adhesion, dyeability, paintability, printability or compatibility with other functional polymers is paramount. Accordingly, the chemical modification of polyolefins has been an area of increasing interest as a route to higher value products and various methods of functionalization (1–3) have been employed to alter their chemical and physical properties.
Assessment of vestibular function in elderly patients.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Individuals over the age of 60 are at an increased risk of falls, even if they do not have an isolated dysfunction of the vestibular system. The aim of this article is to review the various vestibular testing currently available and its usefulness in determining the presence of vestibular dysfunction in the elderly population. The primary vestibular tests to be reviewed include: balance function testing, vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs), and video head impulse testing (vHIT). RECENT FINDINGS Balance function testing is important as it evaluates the integration of vestibular information along with sensory and visual information, which may also be impaired. VEMP testing provides a small diagnostic yield as most elderly patients have absent or reduced responses. vHIT gain is reduced in this population, but will still be within the normal range for individuals with normal balance function. SUMMARY The combination of various vestibular tests provides complimentary information instead of redundant information on the patient's balance function. Each test evaluates various aspects of the vestibular system which are all needed to determine stable balance in the elderly population.
Updates in Concussion Care: New Data, New Guidelines

Abstract There has been increased public awareness, research, and legislation regarding to concussion or mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in young athletes. Along with this, there has been an increase in the number of annual emergency department (ED) visits for the evaluation of sports- and non-sports-related head injuries. Several medical organizations have published recommendations regarding the management of concussion and subsequent return to activities. The purpose of this article is to: (1) summarize these guidelines and provide up-to-date recommendations regarding concussion treatment, and (2) provide this author's approach to the concussion management in both the ED and sports medicine clinic settings.
Acute transplant renal artery thrombosis due to distal renal artery stenosis: A case report and review of the literature.

Background: Acute renal artery thrombosis is a devastating complication of renal transplantation that can result in graft loss if not detected early. Surgical and technical errors are the major cause of renal artery thrombosis. In this article, for the first time, we are reporting a case of acute renal artery thrombosis that developed early post-transplantation due to distal renal artery stenosis. Case Presentation: A 71-year-old woman presented with nausea, vomiting and decreased urine output 7 days after a deceased donor kidney transplant. Doppler ultrasound showed absent renal and venous flow in the transplanted kidney. Transplant renal artery angiogram showed renal artery thrombosis. Catheterization and thrombectomy were done in the occluded renal artery. After thrombectomy, renal angiogram showed distal renal artery stenosis which was dilated by stenting. Post-stenting angiogram showed good blood flow in the entire renal arterial system. However, the patient’s kidney function did not improve within next 24 hours and the patient eventually lost the kidney. Kidney biopsy showed widespread kidney infarction with no evidence of rejection. Conclusions: Our case shows that renal artery thrombosis can develop due to distal renal artery stenosis and if not detected early could result in graft loss.
Quantification of inequities in breast cancer incidence in New Mexico through Bayesian disease mapping.

e13617Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer of women in the United States (US). The incidence rates for BC among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) women vary across th...
Research progress on the application of electrocardiogram in acute phase of Kawasaki disease

Kawasaki disease (KD) is one of the acute vasculitis diseases, and its most common complications are coronary artery lesions and myocarditis.Different degrees of myocardial injury can be observed in the acute phase of KD, and different abnormal waveforms can be detected in the electrocardiogram (ECG). As a noninvasive electrophysiological examination, ECG is of great significance for both early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of KD.The advance in research enables ECG manifestations and electrophysiological significance in the early phase of KD to be gradually re-cognized.In this article, the foreign and domestic research on the changes and clinical significance of ECG in acute stage of Kawasaki disease in recent years was reviewed and summarized, and recent advance in the application of ECG in the acute phase of KD was also summarized. Key words: Kawasaki disease; Electrocardiogram; QT interval dispersion; T wave; Arrhythmia
Comparaison des résultats périopératoires de la prostatectomie totale robot-assistée mono-trocart avec le robot SP® et de la prostatectomie totale robot-assistée multi-trocarts.

Objectifs La faisabilite ainsi que la securite de la prostatectomie totale robot-assistee mono-trocart utilisant le systeme SP® a ete demontree. L’objectif de cette etude etait de comparer les resultats perioperatoires des patients traites par prostatectomie totale par voie extra peritoneale utilisant le systeme SP® (SP-PTEP) avec ceux des patients traites par prostatectomie totale robot-assistee par voie trans-peritoneale utilisant le systeme robotique multi-trocart conventionnelle (MT-PTTP). Methodes Entre janvier 2019 et janvier 2020, les donnees de 100 patients consecutifs atteints de tumeurs localisees de la prostate et traites par SP-PTEP par le meme chirurgien ont ete collectees prospectivement dans une base de donnees approuvee par le comite ethique (IRB). Les donnees des 110 patients consecutifs operes d’une MT-PTTP par 3 chirurgiens du meme hopital pendant la meme periode ont servi de comparateur. Toutes les interventions SP-EPP ont ete realisees via un acces unique sans trocart additionnel et sans Trendelenburg. Les caracteristiques preoperatoires ainsi que les resultats per- et postoperatoires des deux groupes ont ete analyses. Resultats Le taux de patients pris en charge en ambulatoire etait neuf fois plus eleve dans le groupe SP-PTEP que dans groupe MT-PTTP (p Conclusion Comparee a l’approche robotique conventionnelle multi-trocarts, la prostatectomie robot-assistee extraperitoneale avec robot mono-trocart SP® permettait de diminuer la douleur et la prise d’opioides en postoperatoire, de diminuer la duree de sejour des patients majoritairement pris en charge en ambulatoire, avec des taux de complications et readmission comparables.
Probing local electrochemistry via mechanical cyclic voltammetry curves

Abstract Understanding the mechanical response of an electrode during electrochemical cycling and its correlation to the device electrochemical performance is crucial to improving the performance of insertion-type energy storage devices, electrochemical actuators, water purification, ion separation and neuromorphic computing applications. In this work, we visualized the electro-chemo-mechanical coupling behaviors during charge storage of anhydrous and hydrated WO3 electrodes via in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) and developed the concept of mechanical cyclic voltammetry (mCV) curves. The relationship between electrochemical current and strain was investigated with simplified models and the results revealed that the proton insertion/deinsertion process could be described through potential-dependent electro-chemo-mechanical coupling coefficients which might indicate changes in insertion processes during electrode cycling. The mCV mapping results highlight the local heterogeneity and show that the charging processes varied across the electrode. These local variations could be further correlated to local morphology, crystal orientations or chemical compositions with proper electrode designs.
Towards Biosensing Strategies Based on Biochemical Logic Systems

Recent advances in biochemical computing, i.e., information processing with cascades of primarily enzymatic reactions realizing computing gates, such as AND, OR, etc., as well as progress in networking these gates and coupling of the resulting systems to smart/responsive electrodes for output readout, have opened new biosensing opportunities. Here we survey existing enabling research results, as well as ideas and research avenues for future development of a new paradigm of digitally operating biosensors logically processing multiple biochemical signals through Boolean logic networks composed of biomolecular reactions, yielding the final output signals as YES/NO responses. Such systems can lead to high-fidelity biosensing compared to common single or parallel sensing devices.
Male Breast Cancer: A Comparative Analysis from the National Cancer Database

PURPOSE Breast cancer (BC) in males accounts for 10% lower at 5-years and nearly 20% lower at 10-years for males. More males had primary BC tumors under the nipple; the 10-year OS rate for this site was 48.8%. CONCLUSIONS This study reports clinicopathologic characteristics of a large cohort of male BC. Males present at older age, with a greater comorbidity index, at later stages of disease. Increased education regarding the continued risks of male breast cancer may be warranted.
Reliability Evaluation of Microgrid Power Systems Based on Renewable Energy in Saudi Arabia

This paper intends to determine the reliability index for the microgrid power system based on renewable energy such as solar energy. Reliability is essential and beneficial, especially during the planning and design phase of the electricity networks. Planning and design phases have a critical technical and economic aspect in the optimal selecting the network elements and method of the connections. In this paper, we have used the Petri network concept to represent the studies of the electrical networks and then simulate a similar scheme using GRIF software to calculate the reliability of the system and its components. Also, this paper includes a comparison of the proposed method based on Petri concepts with a global reference network and then apply that to a microgrid in Saudi Arabia. The results are discussed, as it shows the effectiveness of Petri networks in reliability calculation.
Foreword: The Future of Intersectionality and Critical Race Feminism

The closing decades of the twentieth century witnessed an exciting surge in scholarly attention among legal academics to the legal status of women of color. Both traditional civil rights scholars and critical race theorists attempted to integrate into law and legal scholarship the experiences of minority women. This work gave rise to the theory of "intersectionality," which posited that black women share unique life experiences that differ from black men or white women.
A Qualitative Study: An Examination of Police Officers’ Lived Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic

In the spring of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic spread across the globe prompting stay-at-home orders for all but the most essential workers in society. Policing was one of the professions that is essential for community safety, regardless of the circumstances. Officers were on the front-line of the COVID-19 public health crisis and their preparedness was crucial for officer and community health. During the onset of the pandemic little was known about how officers perceived the virus and how police agencies prepared officers to work in a highly contagious environment. This study used semistructured interviews of police officers in two states in the United States that had elevated cases of the virus. The authors explored the lived experiences of police officers to explore officers? perceptions, concerns, implications the pandemic had on patrol activity, and agency preparedness during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results revealed structural and cultural forces that resulted in officers and their agency leadership not taking the pandemic seriously, ill-preparation and ill-equipping, and disincentives in reporting exposure. Moreover, officers? fears were largely not based on their own well-being, but on the risk of spreading the disease to their family members.
Graphdiyne: from Preparation to Biomedical Applications.

Graphdiyne(GDY) is a kind of two-dimensional carbon nanomaterial with specific configurations of sp and sp2 carbon atoms. The key progress in the preparation and application of GDY is bringing carbon materials to a brand-new level. Here, the various properties and structures of GDY are introduced, including the existing strategies for the preparation and modification of GDY. In particular, GDY has gradually emerged in the field of life sciences with its unique properties and performance, therefore, the development of biomedical applications of GDY is further summarized. Finally, the challenges of GDY toward future biomedical applications are discussed.
On the Presence of n-ods and Infinite-ods

An n-od (respectively, infinite-ad) is a continuum X which has a subcontinuum /{such that X\K has n components (respectively, infinitely many components). In 1944, Sorgenfrey proved that if a continuum X is the union of three subcontinua with a point in common and such that no one of the subcontinua is contained in the u·nion of the other two, then X contains a triad. In this note a single simple proof is given for the obvious generalization of Sorgenfrey's theorem to n-ods and infinite-ads. In this note a continuum is a compact, connected metric space. For a positive integer n, an n-od is a continuum X which contains a subcontinuum K, called the core, such that X\I( has n components. An infinite-ad is a continuum which contains a subcontinuum ]( such that X\I( has infinitely many components. Theorem 1.8 of [1] can be restated in the following way: if X is a continuum which is the union of three subcontinua with nonempty intersection, and such that no one of the subcontinua is contained in the union of the other two, then X contains a triad. This theorem is only a little more difficult to prove than it appears, but it is indispensable in the study of atriodic continua. Recently, the author has been concerned with continua which do not contain an n-od and continua which do not contain an infinite-ad. The following theorem is also very useful when working with these continua, and the proof is at least as simple as Sorgengrey's proof of the n = 3 case. THEOREM. Suppose X is a continuum which is the union of a collection of either a finite or countable number of continua, such that n -I ¢, and such that each continuum in contains a point not in the closure of the union of the other members of . Then, if a is the number of continua in , X contains an a-od. PROOF: Let p be a point in n. Let N be the union of all intersections Fin Fj, where Fi and Fj are different elements of .
EBNA-1 Binds Specifically to Plasmids Containing a Synthetic 29 BP Binding Site

The carboxyl-third of EBNA-1 encoded in the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) BamH1 K-restriction fragment was synthesized in bacteria (28K-EBNA). This bacterially synthesized peptide specifically binds to clustered EBV DNA sequence repeats in the Ori-P region required for plasmid maintenance [1]. To elucidate the binding properties, a synthetic DNA binding site 5′ GATCTAGGATAGCAT|ATGCTACCCCGGGG 3′ 3′ ATCCTATCGTA|TACGATGGGGCCCCCTAG 5′ was cloned as a monomer, dimer, or trimer into the BamH1 site of plasmid pUC8 creating Plasmids pR1, pR2, and pR3.