cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Clinical experience with adults receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for cardiogenic shock and quality of life in survivals

Objective To review the experience with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in adult postcardiotomy cadiogenic shock and evaluate quality of life (QOL) in survivals.Methods During 4 years 62 of 12,644 patients (0.49%) undergoing cardiac surgery (valve procedures,n=39; coronary artery bypass grafting, n=13; coronary artery bypass grafting plus valve procedures, n=4;heart transplantation, n=4, and total aortic arch replacement, n=2) required temporary postoperative ECMO support. At follow-up (mean 2.3±1.5 years, 100% complete), 32 were still alive and answered the Short-Form 36 Health Survey QOL questionnaire. Results Mean duration of ECMO support was 61±37 hors. Forty patients (64.5%) were successfully weaned from ECMO. Thirty-four patients (54.8%) were discharged from hospital after 44.3±17.6 days. The in-hospital mortality was 45.2%. The main cause of death was multiple organ failure. The postoperative peak lactate levels ≥ 12 mmol/L before ECMO initiation was a risk factor of in-hospital death. Mean QOL scores between the ECMO survivors and other patients after cardiac surgery without ECMO support showed no significant difference , except that the vitality and mental health were significant lower in the ECMO survivors (P<0.05). Both the ECMO survivors and the patients without ECMO support have significant lower QOL scores (except the vitality and mental health) relative to their respective Chinese population norms (P<0.05). Conclusion ECMO offers sufficient cardiopulmonary support in adults.Early indication, reduced complication could improve results with increasing experience. However, ECMO survivors had lower physical and mental health that need to be recovered. Key words: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; Quality of life; SF-36
Local Excitation Approximations to Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory for Excitation Energies in Solution

We derive, implement, and test three different local excitation approximations (LEAs) to time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) that are designed to be extremely efficient for computing excitations that are localized on a single chromophore surrounded by explicit solvent molecules. One of these approximations is equivalent to the “TDDFT for molecular interactions” [TDDFT(MI)] method that we have introduced previously, which exploits non-orthogonal, absolutely-localized molecular orbitals to approximate full TDDFT for systems consisting of multiple, weakly-coupled chromophores. Further approximations are possible when the excitation is localized on only a single subsystem and are introduced here to reduce the cost of LEA-TDDFT(MI) with respect even to TDDFT(MI). We apply these methods to compute solvatochromatic shifts for the n → π* excitations in aqueous acetone and pyridine. The LEA-TDDFT(MI) method accurately reproduces the solvent-induced blue shifts in these systems, at a significant reduct...
Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories, Geophysics Research Directorate—1948–1966

In October 1948, a few weeks after my marriage, I joined the Geophysics Research Directorate (GRD) of the Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories (AFCRL) as chief of the Weather Radar Branch. A comprehensive account of weather radar at GRD has been presented by Metcalf and Glover (9), so I shall not dwell on technical details. Suffice it to say that we covered many of the facets of the field during my 18-year tenure there. Members of the Weather Branch during that period included Vernon Plank, Wilbur Paulsen, Harold Banks, Ralph Donaldson, Edwin Kessler, Keith Browning, Albert Chmela, Ken Glover, Ken Hardy, Pio Petrocchi, Roger Lhermitte, Roland Boucher, and a number of key visitors (Plate 3). Although not a member of our staff, Raymond Wexler (Harry Wexler’s brother) spent most of his time at our laboratory (Plate 4).
Pruning projection pursuit models for improved cloud detection in AVIRIS imagery

A projection pursuit (PP) method is used to find structure and reduce the complexity of high-dimensional remote sensing data. Individual projection pursuit networks extract features from gray-level difference vector distributions, sum and difference histograms, or simple normalizations of raw pixel intensity from one of four spectral bands used in the study. A PP pruning technique based on an online perturbation analysis similar to that of LeCun, Denker, and Solla (1990), is used to remove parameters of low significance. The four AVIRIS spectral channels studied here were chosen because of their similarity to those which will be available from the multi-angle imaging spectro-radiometer, an instrument which will be on EOS satellites. Ensemble models, which combine features extracted from AVIRIS imagery by multiple projection pursuit networks, use backward error propagation with a cross-entropy objective function to obtain pixel classifications. Predicted cloud masks are compared against human interpretation masks.
Three sides of a coin

In his review of Alex Rosenberg's book The Atheist's Guide to Reality: Enjoying Life Without Illusions (May pp42–43), Vlatko Vedral dutifully reports on the author's standard musings about whether humans could evolve naturally without divine intervention, or whether there is a soul, or what the purpose of the universe might be, and so on.
Diagnosis and management of spinal cord emergencies.

Most spinal cord injury is seen with trauma. Nontraumatic spinal cord emergencies are discussed in this chapter. These myelopathies are rare but potentially devastating neurologic disorders. In some situations prior comorbidity (e.g., advanced cancer) provides a clue, but in others (e.g., autoimmune myelopathies) it may come with little warning. Neurologic examination helps distinguish spinal cord emergencies from peripheral nervous system emergencies (e.g., Guillain-Barre), although some features overlap. Neurologic deficits are often severe and may quickly become irreversible, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. Emergent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the entire spine is the imaging modality of choice for nontraumatic spinal cord emergencies and helps differentiate extramedullary compressive causes (e.g., epidural abscess, metastatic compression, epidural hematoma) from intramedullary etiologies (e.g., transverse myelitis, infectious myelitis, or spinal cord infarct). The MRI characteristics may give a clue to the diagnosis (e.g., flow voids dorsal to the cord in dural arteriovenous fistula). However, additional investigations (e.g., aquaporin-4-IgG) are often necessary to diagnose intramedullary etiologies and guide treatment. Emergency decompressive surgery is necessary for many extramedullary compressive causes, either alone or in combination with other treatments (e.g., radiation) and preoperative neurologic deficit is the best predictor of outcome.
Blowing the Whistle: Individual Persuasion under Perceived Threat of Retaliation

ABSTRACT: The effectiveness of the whistleblower as a control against misconduct and fraud is dependent on the willingness of the employee to report wrongdoings to the appropriate party. However, there is concern that a perceived threat of retaliation negatively affects one's attitude toward whistleblowing. The objective of this study is to examine whether the employee, even under threat of retaliation, can be persuaded to change his or her attitude toward blowing the whistle. The Elaboration Likelihood Model is used as the theoretical lens to investigate whether attitude change toward whistleblowing can occur and how perceived threat of retaliation impacts the persuasion process. This experimental study provides evidence that persuasive messages can change employee attitude toward whistleblowing but this change is most pronounced when persuasive messages are presented to employees who perceive a high threat of retaliation and are familiar with misconduct within the organization.
Investigating the role(s) of SufT and the domain of unknown function 59 (DUF59) in the maturation of iron–sulfur proteins

Comprehending biology at the molecular and systems levels is predicated upon understanding the functions of proteins. Proteins are typically composed of one or more functional moieties termed domains. Members of Bacteria, Eukarya, and Archaea utilize proteins containing a domain of unknown function (DUF) 59. Proteins requiring iron-sulfur (FeS) clusters containing cofactors are necessary for nearly all organisms making the assembly of functional FeS proteins essential. Recently, studies in eukaryotic and bacterial organisms have shown that proteins containing a DUF59, or those composed solely of DUF59, function in FeS protein maturation and/or intracellular Fe homeostasis. Herein, we review the current literature, discuss potential roles for DUF59, and address future studies that will help advance the field.
Considerations for Achieving Cross-Platform Point Cloud Data Fusion across Different Dryland Ecosystem Structural States.

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-2022-5-13]; National Science Foundation [DBI-0735191, DBI-1265383, ACI-144506]
WHO Environmental Noise Guidelines for the European Region: A Systematic Review on Environmental Noise and Effects on Sleep.

To evaluate the quality of available evidence on the effects of environmental noise exposure on sleep a systematic review was conducted. The databases PSYCINFO, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science and the TNO Repository were searched for non-laboratory studies on the effects of environmental noise on sleep with measured or predicted noise levels and published in or after the year 2000. The quality of the evidence was assessed using GRADE criteria. Seventy four studies predominately conducted between 2000 and 2015 were included in the review. A meta-analysis of surveys linking road, rail, and aircraft noise exposure to self-reports of sleep disturbance was conducted. The odds ratio for the percent highly sleep disturbed for a 10 dB increase in Lnight was significant for aircraft (1.94; 95% CI 1.61–2.3), road (2.13; 95% CI 1.82–2.48), and rail (3.06; 95% CI 2.38–3.93) noise when the question referred to noise, but non-significant for aircraft (1.17; 95% CI 0.54–2.53), road (1.09; 95% CI 0.94–1.27), and rail (1.27; 95% CI 0.89–1.81) noise when the question did not refer to noise. A pooled analysis of polysomnographic studies on the acute effects of transportation noise on sleep was also conducted and the unadjusted odds ratio for the probability of awakening for a 10 dBA increase in the indoor Lmax was significant for aircraft (1.35; 95% CI 1.22–1.50), road (1.36; 95% CI 1.19–1.55), and rail (1.35; 95% CI 1.21–1.52) noise. Due to a limited number of studies and the use of different outcome measures, a narrative review only was conducted for motility, cardiac and blood pressure outcomes, and for children’s sleep. The effect of wind turbine and hospital noise on sleep was also assessed. Based on the available evidence, transportation noise affects objectively measured sleep physiology and subjectively assessed sleep disturbance in adults. For other outcome measures and noise sources the examined evidence was conflicting or only emerging. According to GRADE criteria, the quality of the evidence was moderate for cortical awakenings and self-reported sleep disturbance (for questions that referred to noise) induced by traffic noise, low for motility measures of traffic noise induced sleep disturbance, and very low for all other noise sources and investigated sleep outcomes.
Evaluating the environmental criticality of massive objects in LEO for debris mitigation and remediation

Abstract Approximately 95% of the mass in Earth orbit is currently concentrated in about 6700 intact objects, of which nearly 80% are abandoned and more than 90% cannot be maneuvered. The intact objects abandoned in low Earth orbit (LEO) above 650 km, i.e. with an average residual lifetime of more than 25 years, represent the main potential mass reservoir for the generation of new detrimental orbital debris in case of mutual collisions with the existing debris environment, taking into account that an 800 g impactor may be sufficient, in principle, to shatter a 1000 kg spacecraft or rocket stage. Since the 1980's, several mitigation measures were promoted and agreed at the international level in order to prevent the occurrence of new breakups in space and put under control the accumulation of mass abandoned in orbit, but unfortunately the level of compliance with such guidelines, requirements or standards is still far from satisfactory. Moreover, the appearance on the scene of space activity of new private and government actors from a growing number of countries makes the proper management of the circumterrestrial space a task of increasing complexity, taking also into account the rapid emerging of new potential applications, disrupting technologies and operational approaches quite different from the past. In this rapidly evolving environment, it might be useful to have a simple and flexible instrument for evaluating the potential criticality for the environment of massive objects placed or abandoned in LEO. With this goal, in the last few years, a particular effort was devoted to the development of various “criticality indexes”, then applied for evaluating many families of rocket bodies and selected spacecraft. In this paper, with the underlining ambition to be simple, intuitive and relevant, from an environmental point of view, a couple of the most complete indexes were coherently applied in order to assess the potential criticality of the most massive objects abandoned in LEO. The results obtained are presented here in detail, also highlighting how these ranking approaches might be used both for debris mitigation, for instance to choose an appropriate disposal orbit for either spacecraft or upper stages to be dismissed at the end-of-life, and for debris remediation, as a guide in the selection of the most relevant targets for active debris removal, if and when such missions will become practicable.
CHAPTER 36 – Immunotoxicity of Pesticides

The influence of pesticides on the immune response in humans has largely been ignored. Although exposure to a dose of compound sufficient to cause acute poisoning may have an effect on the immune system, many studies have examined the effects of pesticides on the immune system, with particular emphasis on the administration of a nontoxic dose of compound. The immune-mediated complications of pesticide exposure to humans that are most often noted are allergic reactions, especially contact dermatitis. In most of studies on the effects of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) on the immune system DDT has been shown to increase, have no effect on, or decrease the immune system depending upon the dose, route, timing of administration, species, and antigen. Studies show that the immune system was most sensitive to chlordane-induced immunotoxicity when exposure occurred in utero. A study conducted to examine the effects of toxaphene on the immune system showed a decreased humoral immune response to bovine serum albumin and phagocytosis by peritoneal macrophages, but no effect on the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response to tuberculin antigen. The murine immune system was found to be most sensitive to the immunotoxic effects of chlordane when exposure occurred in utero in a variety of systems. Studies show that a variety of organophosphate pesticides reduce immune function in a variety of species. Carbamates were shown either to not affect or to suppress the generation of immune responses depending upon the dose, route, and timing of exposure.
Social Change in the North Central European Plains, 600–900s CE: Archeological Data

In this chapter, I review the archeological data on social stratification in seven provinces of the North Central European Plain, 600–900s CE, exemplified by status items such as jewelry and weaponry and changes in settlement patterns, especially the emergence of forts. Diversification in the assortment of material culture related to the appearance of status items suggests the emergence of a social structure characterized by variety of social statuses and the presence of (tenured?) leaders, instrumental in the rise of social complexity. The region-wide appearance of such objects corresponded with the emergence of fortified settlements, especially with a network of similar in size and heavily fortified strongholds, vital elements of a multi-agent political organization identified as the Tornow Interaction Sphere.
Lithium as a Differential Neuroprotector During Brain Irradiation

Radiotherapy remains a major treatment modality for primary and metastatic brain tumors, as well as leukemia and lymphoma involving the central nervous system (CNS). Cranial irradiation is also used as prophylaxis for patients at high risk of involvement of the brain by neoplasia, for example small-cell lung cancer. Despite important advances in diagnosis and therapy of malignant solid tumors, brain metastases continue to present significant problems for clinicians attempting to prevent progression of disease and limit morbidity associated with therapy. Indeed, up to two thirds of all brain metastases cause clinical symptoms [1, 2]. In addition, there is evidence that the overall incidence of brain metastases is increasing because of improved systemic therapy for cancer [3]. Further, the survival rates of children with both primary [4, 5, 6, 7], and secondary [3] brain tumors are increasing.
The Fundamental Group

One of the basic invariants of the homotopy type of a topological space is its fundamental group. In this chapter we define the fundamental group of a space and see how to calculate it. We also see the intimate relationship between the fundamental group and covering spaces.
Salivary Gland Diseases

Saliva is antibacterial via secretory IgA, lactoferrin, salivary peroxidase, and lysozymes. Necrotizing sialometaplasia is commonly mistaken as malignancy histopathologically (pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia) and resolves without intervention. The tubular form for adenoid cystic carcinoma has the best prognosis and the solid form has the worst prognosis.
The Isothermal Pressure Derivatives of the Elastic Shear Modulus for V3Si

The effects of a hydrostatic pressure on the shear modulus cs and the structural transition temperature T of V3Si are studied on the basis of the coupled chain model of Gorkov Cor the model proposed recently by Lee, Birman and Williamson). Taking into account the charge transfer effect between different bands and choosing suitable values for the Fermi energies, our results can account for the temperature dependences of (∂cs/∂p)T quantitatively for transforming V3Si and satisfactorily for nontransforming V3Si.
The Axiom of Choice and Cardinal Numbers

Cantor defined the cardinal number of a set M to be “the general concept which, by means of our active faculty of thought, arises from the set M when we make abstraction of the nature of its various elements m and of the order in which they are given.” He denoted this cardinal number by \( \overline{\overline M} \). The two bars indicate the two levels of abstraction needed to produce the cardinal number from M. With only one level of abstraction, that is, by only abstracting of the nature of its various elements, we obtain the ordinal number \( \overline M \). Cantor’s definition of cardinal number is clearly not an operational one. Indeed Cantor’s words suggest that cardinal numbers are psychological entities rather than mathematical objects.
On the Beta-G Poisson Family

In this article, we propose and study a new family of distributions which is defined by using the genesis of the truncated Poisson distribution and the beta distribution. Some mathematical properties of the new family including moments, quantile and generating functions, mean deviations, order statistics and their moments, and reliability analysis are discussed. We also discuss the parameter estimation procedures and potential applications of such generalized family of distributions.
Getting Started in School-Based Speech-Language Pathology Telepractice

Purpose Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are increasingly implementing technologies such as the Internet and videoconferencing for service provision (Dudding & Justice, 2004). Many school-based ...
Si-doped high-energy Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 cathode with improved capacity for lithium-ion batteries

Li[Lix/3Mn2x/3M1−x]O2 (M = Ni, Mn, Co) (HE-NMC) materials, which can be expressed as a combination of trigonal LiTMO2 (TM = transition metal) and monoclinic Li2MnO3 phases, are of great interest as high capacity cathodes for lithium-ion batteries. However, structural stability prevents their commercial adoption. To address this, Si doping was applied, resulting in improved stability. Raman and differential capacity analyses suggest that silicon doping improves the structural stability during electrochemical cycling. Furthermore, the doped material exhibits a 10% higher capacity relative to the control. The superior capacity likely results from the increased lattice parameters as determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the lower resistance during the first cycle found by impedance and direct current resistance (DCR) measurements. Density functional theory (DFT) predictions suggest that the observed lattice expansion is an indication of increased oxygen vacancy concentration and may be due to the Si doping.
Innovative programming in school mental health. Search for a methodology.

Entering a system if often regarded as the most difficult aspect of consultation, especially when entry is initiated by the consultant. Issues involved in seeking entry into a school system are considered from the perspective of a university-based consultant interested in developing, delivering, and evaluating innovative approaches to school mental health problems. Experience with a number of school systems leads to several conclusions about the entry process. Foremost is the existence of a difficult, time-consuming period of negotiations involving various school personnel; because of their varying perspectives and different interests, problems emerge and must be resolved successfully in the course of negotiations if a consultation project is to develop. Often this is not possible, and it is therefore suggested that the consultant seeking a school setting approach several systems concurrently.
Extended Line Spread Function of TES Microcalorimeters With Au/Bi Absorbers

Microcalorimeters have the potential to provide line shapes well described by a single Gaussian broadening term of few-eV width. This attribute makes the detectors especially well suited for x-ray astrophysics observations; however, low-level non-Gaussian broadening terms are expected and must be characterized. These terms depend on the composition of the x-ray absorber, the detailed x-ray absorption physics, the device thermalization processes, and the incident x-ray energy. Here we present the first measurements targeted at understanding the extended line-spread function (LSF) of x-ray microcalorimeter pixels under development for the X-ray Integral Field Unit on the Athena X-ray Observatory. These pixels are composed of Mo/Au transition-edge sensors with overhanging electroplated Au/Bi absorbers. We have measured the line shapes using monochromatic x-ray sources with $ -eV width at several x-ray energies (0.85, 0.93, 1.25, 1.5, 5.4, and 8.0 keV) across the instrument bandpass (0.3–12 keV) and have modeled the line profiles. These results are compared to the extended LSF of the Hitomi microcalorimeter pixels that used HgTe absorbers.
A Protonated Quinone Methide Stabilized by a Combination of Partial Aromatization and π-Interaction: Spectroscopic and Crystallographic Analysis

We have expanded the repertoire of cation−π interactions to include a carbocation−π system resulting from the protonation of a π-stacked para-quinone methide (p-QM). This unusual carbocation is stabilized by a combination of partial aromatization of the QM moiety and through-space interaction with the π-system of the adjacent aromatic ring. Single crystal X-ray analysis of the protonated form reveals a structure consisting of a hydrogen-bound complex involving two molecules of the precursor and one proton.
Optimal Real-Time Coordination of Energy Storage Units As a Voltage-Constrained Game

With increasingly favorable economics and bundling of different grid services, energy storage systems (ESSs) are expected to play a key role in integrating renewable generation. This paper considers the coordination of ESS owned by customers located at different buses of a distribution grid. Customers participate in frequency regulation and experience energy prices that increase with the total demand. Charging decisions are coupled across time due to battery dynamics, as well as across network nodes due to competitive pricing and voltage regulation constraints. Maximizing the per-user economic benefit while maintaining voltage magnitudes within allowable limits is posed here as a network-constrained game. It is analytically shown that a generalized Nash equilibrium exists and can be expressed as the minimizer of a convex yet infinite-time horizon aggregate optimization problem. To obtain a practical solution, a Lyapunov optimization approach is adopted to design a real-time scheme offering feasible charging decisions with performance guarantees. The proposed method improves over the standard Lyapunov technique via a novel weighting of user costs. By judiciously exploiting the physical grid response, a distributed implementation of the real-time solver is also designed. The features of the novel algorithmic designs are validated using numerical tests on realistic datasets.
Attenuation of antidepressant and antisuicidal effects of ketamine by opioid receptor antagonism

We recently reported that naltrexone blocks antidepressant effects of ketamine in humans, indicating that antidepressant effects of ketamine require opioid receptor activation. However, it is unknown if opioid receptors are also involved in ketamine’s antisuicidality effects. Here, in a secondary analysis of our recent clinical trial, we test whether naltrexone attenuates antisuicidality effects of ketamine. Participants were pretreated with naltrexone or placebo prior to intravenous ketamine in a double-blinded crossover design. Suicidality was measured with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale item 3, Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale item 10, and Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale. In the 12 participants who completed naltrexone and placebo conditions, naltrexone attenuated the antisuicidality effects of ketamine on all three suicidality scales/subscales (linear mixed model, fixed pretreatment effect, p < 0.01). Results indicate that opioid receptor activation plays a significant role in the antisuicidality effects of ketamine.
Mid-Career Faculty Development Model: Sport Management Faculty Perspectives.

The purpose of this study was to determine sport management faculty members’ perspectives on the merit and applicability of the midcareer faculty development model proposed by Baldwin and Chang (2006). Thirteen associate and four full sport management professors participated in semistructured interviews. An inductive analysis was used in the development of categories. The results showed positive support for the model and revealed reflection and assessment as important. The participants supported recognition as a form of reinforcement, but felt it should be individualized. The suggestions can assist administrators in developing mid-career mentoring and professional development programs.Subscribe to TPE
Document Image Analysis Using Logic-Grammar-Based Syntactic Pattern Recognition

Logic grammars such as Definite Clause Grammars — linguistic formalisms closely associated with the Prolog language — are powerful and highly versatile systems for specifying and detecting patterns not only in natural language, but in any suitably organized string, signal, or image. This paper reviews several such prototypes we have developed, which demonstrate the characteristics that make logic grammars a good vehicle for many Syntactic Pattern Recognition applications.
Characterization of the interactions of two unequal co-rotating vortices

The interactions and merging of two unequal co-rotating vortices in a viscous fluid are investigated. Two-dimensional numerical simulations of initially equal-sized vortices with differing relative strengths are performed. In the case of equal-strength vortices, i.e. symmetric vortex pairs (Brandt & Nomura, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 592, 2007, pp. 413–446), the mutually induced strain deforms and tilts the vortices, which leads to a core detrainment process. The weakened vortices are mutually entrained and rapidly move towards each other as they intertwine and destruct. The flow thereby develops into a single compound vortex. With unequal strengths, i.e. asymmetric pairs, the disparity of the vortices alters the interaction. Merger may result from reciprocal but unequal entrainment, which yields a compound vortex; however other outcomes are possible. The various interactions are classified based on the relative timing of core detrainment and core destruction of the vortices. Through scaling analysis and simulation results, a critical strain rate parameter which characterizes the establishment of core detrainment is identified and determined. The onset of merging is associated with the achievement of the critical strain rate by ‘both’ vortices, and a merging criterion is thereby developed. In the case of symmetric pairs, the critical strain rate parameter is shown to be related to the critical aspect ratio. In contrast with symmetric merger, which is in essence a flow transformation, asymmetric merger may result in the domination of the stronger vortex because of the unequal deformation rates. If the disparity of the vortex strengths is sufficiently large, the critical strain rate is not attained by the stronger vortex before destruction of the weaker vortex, and the vortices do not merge.
An evaluation of zanubrutinib, a BTK inhibitor, for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Recent years have seen a tremendous increase in the availability of therapeutic options for the management of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Notable among those are Bruton’s tyro...
Non-union ulnar fracture as a result of a remote injury.

A 45-year-old man presented with a 2-year history of an enlarging left forearm mass. He has noted enlargement of his left forearm with associated pain with movement. The pain is worst with flexion on the lateral aspect of his forearm. The pain does not overtly limit his activities of daily living
Testifying in support of SB 906: AN ACT CONCERNING NON-COMPETES

Noncompetes have a harmful effect on job mobility, wages, competition, entrepreneurship, and equality. They restrict employees from switching employers or starting their own competing business. Those restrictions depress wages, reduce entrepreneurship, and impede efforts to correct inequities. In the past decade, a wealth of research—empirical, experimental, and theoretical studies—offers evidence about the key role that human capital policy, including noncompete contracts, plays in industries and regions. Research on the question of labor market mobility has taken multiple forms: longitudinal studies, comparative regional studies, patent network mapping, surveys, behavioral lab experiments, ethnographies, simulations, and modeling.
Reworking the Global Financial Architecture: Is Universal Banking the Best Way Forward?

Consolidation has been a fact of life in the wholesale financial services sector, resulting in fundamental change in the financial architecture and public exposure to systemic risk. The underlying drivers include advances in transactions and information technologies, regulatory changes, geographic shifts in growth opportunities, and the rapid evolution of client requirements, which in combination have obliged financial firms to rethink their roles as intermediaries. Moreover, financial sector reconfiguration has accelerated as a result of the global market turbulence that began in 2007, with governments either forcing or encouraging combinations of stronger and weaker financial firms in an effort to stem the crisis and improve systemic robustness. In the process, financial firms that are “systemic” in nature and had a major role in creating the crisis have come out of it with even larger market shares and greater systemic importance. Given the episodic socialization of risk in the form of widespread use of public guarantees to firms judged too big or too interconnected to be allowed to fail, the role of systemically important financial institutions (SIFIs) is central to the financial architecture and the public interest going forward. This survey paper considers the sources of systemic gains, losses, and risks associated with SIFIs in historical context, in the theoretical and empirical literature, and in public policy discussions — i.e., what is gained and what is lost as a result of the available policy options to deal with the dominant role of SIFIs in the financial architecture?
Management of placenta previa

Abstract 1. 1. An analysis of the management and results of 47,828 cases of placenta previa collected from world-wide literature is presented. 2. 2. The total series is divided into two groups: (1) those reported up to and including 1921, and (2) those reported from 1922 to the present time. The latter group shows a small but definite decrease in both maternal and fetal mortalities over the former. This decrease may be accounted for by (1) a better understanding of the pathology and symptomatology of the condition resulting in a greater number of early diagnoses, (2) a more universal appreciation of the dangers resulting from untimely interference, (3) improved operative technic, (4) marked advancements in the field of anesthesia, (5) recourse to blood transfusions, and (6) more adequate maternity facilities. 3. 3. A subdivision of these two main groups into those patients delivered vaginally and those by the abdominal route is made showing the mortality rates of each. The incidence of cesarean section has increased from 6.07 per cent to 15.29 per cent during the past fifteen years while the maternal mortality rate has been more than halved and falls well below the group delivered from below. A slightly lessened maternal death rate was also noted in those patients delivered vaginally. This decrease is chiefly due to the avoidance of such methods as accouchement force, Braxton Hicks version, vaginal packs and vaginal cesarean sections. Tables revealing the results of both abdominal and vaginal methods indicate that repeated, prolonged or complicated manipulations greatly enhance the risks to both mother and child. 4. 4. Further tables show the methods used in handling the various types of previas. With but few exceptions, the various procedures show an increase in mortality rates in direct proportion to the degree of the previa. 5. 5. Low cervical cesarean section is the procedure of choice in complete placenta previa and in other types presenting a closed cervix. In marginal or lateral previas with a dilated cervix the method of choice is between artificial rupture of the membranes with forceps or spontaneous delivery of the fetus and internal podalic version. 6. 6. Blood transfusions are invaluable aids in combating acute anemia and shock and in shortening the period of convalescence. Suitable donors for all suspected cases should be available at the time of delivery. Transfusions should be more frequently resorted to. 7. 7. References are made regarding the frequency of placenta previa, the incidence of the various types of previas, parity, the period of gestation and the presentation and lie of the fetus. 8. 8. As these cases were almost wholly taken from reports of leading obstetricians and maternity centers throughout the world the resulting statistics do not give an accurate picture of the results obtained in general practice. It is fair to assume that the mortality rates in general practice would be much higher than in maternity hospital practice.
The Spleen in Malaria

The mechanisms underlying splenic host defence in malaria have not been precisely defined but they include both immunological and non-immunological interactions with parasitized erythrocytes. Studies of the intravascular clearance of 51Cr-labelled Plasmodium berghei-infected erythrocytes in the rat show that these cells are cleared predominantly by the spleen, and to a greater extent in immune than non-immune animals. Transfer of hyperimmune rat serum imparted protection to challenge with P. berghei-infected red cells but did not alter the magnitude or rate of clearance of the infected cells. Rising parasitaemia during acute infection was associated with diminished splenic clearance of the infected cells as well as of rigid, uninfected red cells (heated or Heinz body-containing). Just before the onset of spontaneous resolution (crisis) a marked increase in splenic clearance was observed. These changes could be related to alterations in the splenic microcirculation. From these studies it is concluded that opsonization of P. berghei-infected erythrocytes is not an important mechanism of protection in the rat. Rather, the altered rheological properties of these cells may result in their trapping within the spleen. Presumably, these rheological changes occur in malarias caused by different Plasmodium species. On the other hand, opsonization of parasitized erythrocytes, although not found in rodent malaria, might yet prove to be an important defence mechanism in primate malaria.
Imitation and Identification: Two Compatible Approaches to Social Learning From the Electronic Media

CONCEPTUAL DIFFERENCES In the field of social learning there is currently a significant controversy that has direct bearing on mass communication research. The major theorists involved in this controversy are Albert Bandura and Jacob L. Gewirtz, whose explanations of how people learn through observation differ. And, although social learning theory can be discussed and understood apart from the mass media, the modeling effects of the media cannot be fully discussed and understood apart from social learning theory. This paper, then, compares the major social learning theories expressed by Bandura and Gewirtz, discusses the strengths and weaknesses of each, argues for a synthesis of the two, and examines the importance of this synthesis for the practitioner in the field of educational technology and for mass communication research in general. Bandura's social learning theory (best stated in Bandura, 1971) maintains that modeling influences operate principally through their informative functions, and that the observer (0) acquires mainly symbolic representations of the observed
Synthesis of 13C3-hydroxyacetone

13C3-Hydroxyacetone is prepared in three steps from 13C2-2-bromoacetic acid. Bromide displacement by sodium p-methoxybenzyl alkoxide followed by treatment of the carboxylic acid with 13C-methyl lithium furnishes PMB-protected hydroxyacetone. Deprotection using DDQ delivers the title compound. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Extremal Graphs With a Given Number of Perfect Matchings

Let denote the maximum number of edges in a graph having n vertices and exactly p perfect matchings. For fixed p, Dudek and Schmitt showed that for some constant when n is at least some constant . For , they also determined and . For fixed p, we show that the extremal graphs for all n are determined by those with vertices. As a corollary, a computer search determines and for . We also present lower bounds on proving that for (as conjectured by Dudek and Schmitt), and we conjecture an upper bound on . Our structural results are based on Lovasz's Cathedral Theorem.
Cardioprotection afforded by chronic exercise is mediated by the sarcolemmal, and not the mitochondrial, isoform of the KATP channel in the rat

This study was conducted to examine the role of myocardial ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels in exercise-induced protection from ischaemia–reperfusion (I–R) injury. Female rats were either sedentary (Sed) or exercised for 12 weeks (Tr). Hearts were excised and underwent a 1–2 h regional I–R protocol. Prior to ischaemia, hearts were subjected to pharmacological blockade of the sarcolemmal KATP channel with HMR 1098 (SedHMR and TrHMR), mitochondrial blockade with 5-hydroxydecanoic acid (5HD; Sed5HD and Tr5HD), or perfused with buffer containing no drug (Sed and Tr). Infarct size was significantly smaller in hearts from Tr animals (35.4 ± 2.3 versus 44.7 ± 3.0% of the zone at risk for Tr and Sed, respectively). Mitochondrial KATP blockade did not abolish the training-induced infarct size reduction (30.0 ± 3.4 versus 38.0 ± 2.6 in Tr5HD and Sed5HD, respectively); however, sarcolemmal KATP blockade completely eradicated the training-induced cardioprotection. Infarct size was 71.2 ± 3.3 and 64.0 ± 2.4% of the zone at risk for TrHMR and Sed HMR. The role of sarcolemmal KATP channels in Tr-induced protection was also supported by significant increases in both subunits of the sarcolemmal KATP channel following training. LV developed pressure was better preserved in hearts from Tr animals, and was not influenced by addition of HMR 1098. 5HD decreased pressure development regardless of training status, from 15 min of ischaemia through the duration of the protocol. This mechanical dysfunction was likely to be due to a 5HD-induced increase in myocardial Ca2+ content following I–R. The major findings of the present study are: (1) unlike all other known forms of delayed cardioprotection, infarct sparing following chronic exercise was not abolished by 5HD; (2) pharmacological blockade of the sarcolemmal KATP channel nullified the cardioprotective benefits of exercise training; and (3) increased expression of sarcolemmal KATP channels was observed following chronic training.
Resistivity of the Two-Channel Kondo Model in Infinite Dimensions

Analytic results for the resistivity of the two-channel Kondo lattice in a particular infinite dimensional limit (Lorentzian density of states) are presented. It is argued that in the absence of symmetry breaking phase transitions or applied fields there is a residual resistivity at zero temperature due to the spin disorder scattering off of the two-channel screening clouds. This may explain the unusual resistivity of UBe$_{13}$. For the same limit the single channel Kondo lattice is an insulator states at particle hole symmetry and half filling, but metallic away from particle-hole symmetry or in applied magnetic field.
The Company Eta Carinae Keeps: Stellar and Interstellar Content of the Carina Nebula

The remarkable, interrelated stellar and nebular constituents of η Carinae’s habitat, the giant Carina Nebula (NGC 3372), are reviewed. They are relevant to the interpretation of η Car itself. They include some of the hottest and most massive O stars known, frequently in close multiple systems; mysterious nebular structures; recently recognized ongoing star formation; the most extreme high-velocity interstellar absorption-line profiles in the Galaxy; and both stellar and diffuse X-ray sources.
A randomized clinical trial of a weight loss maintenance intervention in a primary care population

Objective In-person weight loss maintenance visits have been shown to reduce weight regain after initial weight loss. This study examined, in a primary care population, whether in-person visits plus portion-controlled meals were more effective in reducing 12-month weight regain than mailed materials plus portioncontrolled meals. Methods Study participants (n = 106) received 6 months of intensive behavioral treatment. Participants who completed this phase (n = 84) were then randomized to continue monthly in-person visits for weight loss maintenance as well as telephone calls between visits (“intensified maintenance”) or to receive materials by mail (“standard maintenance”). All participants had access to subsidized portion-controlled foods during the 6-month run-in and the 12 months of maintenance. The primary outcome was weight change during the 12 months after randomization. Results During months 0-12 after randomization, individuals assigned to standard maintenance regained 5.3% ± 0.8% of body weight, while those assigned to intensified maintenance regained 1.6% ± 1.2% of body weight. The difference between groups (3.7% ± 1.4%) was statistically significant (P = 0.01). Conclusions In a primary care population, continued in-person visits during the weight loss maintenance phase led to greater weight loss than contact by mail.
New results in the search for electrical signals during water tree growth

Polyethylene samples, printed in one region with needles to greatly accelerate water treeing, were exposed to high voltage (60 Hz AC and DC) and a water treeing solution. A very-low-noise, wide-bandwidth detection system was developed to monitor signals occurring in the sample via two probes located under the sample, one at a reference region and the other at the treeing region. Two distinct signals have been found that originate only in the active needle printed region. It has not been determined conclusively however, that the detected signals are due to water treeing, just that they originate at the water treeing site. >
Selenium-Enriched Broccoli Decreases Intestinal Tumorigenesis in Multiple Intestinal Neoplasia Mice

Multiple intestinal neoplasia (Min) mice are a good model for the investigation of the effects of dietary alterations in a genetic model for intestinal cancer. Previous studies have shown that selenium-enriched broccoli is protective against chemically induced colon cancer susceptibility. This study investigated whether selenium-enriched broccoli would be protective against intestinal cancer susceptibility in Min mice. Five-week-old heterozygotic male Min mice were fed an AIN-93-based diet containing either low-selenium broccoli or an equivalent amount of high-selenium broccoli for 10 wk. Mice fed the selenium-enriched broccoli had fewer (P < 0.02) small intestinal (46.4 +/- 3.7 vs. 65.6 +/- 6.1) and large intestinal (0.43 +/- 0.17 vs. 1.93 +/- 0.27) tumors than those fed an equivalent amount of unenriched broccoli. Min mice fed the selenium-enriched broccoli had small but significant (P < 0.0001) increases in plasma and liver selenium concentrations and red blood cell glutathione peroxidase activity. These results extend previous observations that selenium-enriched broccoli is protective against chemically induced mammary and colon cancer in rats.
Synthesis and Cleavage of Enterovirus Polypeptides in Mammalian Cells

Evidence is presented that the entire enterovirus ribonucleic acid genome is translated into a single giant polypeptide of well over 200,000 daltons molecular weight. This giant protein was detected repeatedly in coxsackievirus B1-infected cells, even in the absence of amino acid analogues. The enzymes which cleave this giant protein into smaller structural and enzymatic proteins accumulate with increasing time after infection. It appears that they are either virus-coded proteolytic enzymes or else host enzymes which are activated or released from an intracellular site as a result of virus infection. These cleavage enzymes do not cause grossly apparent cleavage of host-cell proteins.