cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Health-Related Quality of Life in Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy

Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) has not been well characterized in the United States. In an OPAT cohort, the short-form-12's median physical component score and mental component score were 40.3 and 54.4, respectively. HRQoL measures could be helpful in studies of OPAT cost-effectiveness.
Multi-Agent systems for biomedical simulation: modeling vascularization of porous scaffolds

An interesting application of multi-agent systems (MAS) is in modeling systems that can be represented by independent entities interacting together, the so-called agent-based modeling (ABM). In this paper MAS paradigm is used as a promising technique for representing complex biomedical systems. A brief survey of some ABM of biomedical systems is presented, followed by the description of a multi-layered agent-based framework developed in our own labs to model the process of sprouting angiogenesis (blood vessel formation) within polymeric porous scaffolds used for regenerative medicine. The ABM structure developed and challenges in modeling systems with a large number of rapidly increasing interacting agents are discussed. 2D and 3D case studies are presented to investigate the impact of scaffold pore structure on vessel growth. MAS provides a valuable tool for studying highly complex biological and biomedical systems, and for investigating ways of intervening in such systems.
Infinity, the Neoclassical Concept of God, and Oppy

In this article I concentrate on three issues. First, Graham Oppy’s treatment of the relationship between the concept of infinity and Zeno’s paradoxes makes apparent several problems that must be dealt with if the concept of infinity is to do any intellectual work in the philosophy of religion. Here I will expand on some insightful remarks by Oppy in an effort to adequately respond to these problems. Second, I will do the same regarding Oppy’s treatment of Kant’s first antinomy in the first critique, which deals in part with the question of whether the world had a beginning in time or if time extends infinitely into the past. And third, my examination of these two issues will inform what I have to say regarding a key topic in philosophy of religion: the question regarding the proper relationship between the infinite and the finite in the concept of God.
CHALLENGES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF RUPTURE OF INFECTED PSEUDOANEURYSM CAUSED BY VASCULAR CLOSURE DEVICE

A vascular closure device (VCD) can be useful, but an infected pseudoaneurysm caused by a VCD can be serious and fatal. A 79-year-old man underwent EVT for right iliac artery using a VCD. An abscess formed in the right inguinal region 1 week later and CT revealed a right femoral artery
Subject-Specific, Non-Invasive Helmet-Restraint RF Coil for Awake, Non-Human Primate MR Imaging

The purpose of this study was to develop a non-invasive restraint helmet integrated with an radio frequency (RF) coil for awake-behaving non-human primate MR imaging. To prevent image-corrupting motion, the head needs to be immobilized, which is currently achieved via invasive surgical headpost implants. In this work, an RF coil holder was integrated into the design of a subject-specific helmet to place the coil in closest distance to the head for improved signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Additive manufacturing was used to print the helmet based upon computed tomography images of the subject. A single channel transmit/receive loop coil was designed using electromagnetic simulations loaded with a voxel-based monkey head model. The Rhesus macaque used in this study underwent behavioral training based on positive reinforcement before engaging in MR imaging. Imaging was performed using the helmet coil, which was successful in immobilizing the macaque head in an awake, unanesthetized subject. Results showed improved SNR by approximately 30% compared to a loop coil used with an implanted head post, and minimal motion artifact in structural imaging. The non-invasive helmet coil eliminates the need for permanently implanting monkeys with a headpost, provides the necessary head immobilization, and allows the use of more subjects for neuroimaging studies.
A Cross-Site Analysis: Problems in Teaching Art to Preadolescents

The purpose of this study is to compare, by means of a cross-site analysis, the findings obtained from several earlier participant observation studies conducted by the author. The problems of teaching art to preadolescents are explored by taking into account the experiences and reflections of teachers and students as well as the observations of the researcher. To provide a framework for discussion and to clarify the nature and extent of these problems, they are categorized as (a) contradictions in student behaviors, (b) instructional demands, and (c) institutional contingencies. In suggesting the potential significance of this study of preadolescent art programs, cautious recommendations are made for improvements at this level.
Everything is slow light (Conference Presentation)

In this talk I explain that enhancement of performance of almost any optical device such as sensor modulator, amplifier or any nonlinear device in the end intimately connected to increasing the time of light-matter interaction, i.e. reducing the group velocity of light. Such similarly different phenomena as ENZ (epsilon near zero), plasmonics, micro-cavities and photonic crystals can all be characterized using the same slow light formalism.
The Role of the Dollar as an International Currency and Its Limits in a Multi-Key Currency World

The United States, as the dominant issuer of the internationally accepted reserve currency, has the most ability to implement MMT style fiscal and monetary policy of all nations in the world. How secure is this role and how much can it be exploited? Major MMT figures, such as Randall Wray have argued that this role is so secure and exploitable that “we do not have to worry about it in our lifetimes”. This chapter explores this question theoretically, empirically and historically. I conclude that the world is moving to a multi-currency system that will make that role less exploitable by MMT style macro-policy.
Wills, public policy, and financial well-being among surviving spouses

Abstract The loss of a spouse is widely recognized as a large financial shock to many households. In this paper, we use harmonized, cross-national survey data from the Health and Retirement Study, the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing to study will use, inheritance policies, and retained wealth among surviving spouses. We document significant cross-national variation in will use and default spousal inheritance regimes in the absence of a will. Many people die intestate in all study countries, even when they had anticipated leaving a bequest. The vast majority of decedents preparing wills include their spouses, and on average these spouses retain more wealth than spouses of intestate decedents.
Exchange-correlation contributions to thermodynamic properties of the homogeneous electron gas from a cumulant Green's function approach

Thermodynamic properties of the interacting homogeneous electron gas are calculated using a finite-temperature cumulant Green's function approach over a broad range of densities and temperatures up to the warm dense matter regime $T\ensuremath{\sim}{T}_{F}$, where ${T}_{F}$ is the Fermi degeneracy temperature. These properties can be separated into independent particle and exchange-correlation contributions, and our focus here is on the latter. Our approach is based on the Galitskii-Migdal-Koltun and electron number sum rules from the finite temperature many-body Green's function formalism, together with an extension of the cumulant Green's function to finite temperature. Previously this approach yielded exchange-correlation energies and potentials in good agreement with quantum Monte-Carlo calculations. Here the method is extended for various thermodynamic quantities including the chemical potential, total energy, Helmholtz free-energy, electronic equation of state, specific heat, and isothermal compressibility, which optionally include spin dependence. We find that the exchange-correlation contributions are weakly varying at low temperature but exhibit significant temperature dependence in the WDM regime, as well as a crossover from exchange- to correlation-dominated behavior. In contrast to the $T={0}^{+}$ limit, we also find that renormalization effects are largely but not completely suppressed at finite temperature. Comparisons with other approaches at various levels of approximation are also discussed.
DART Analysis of Irradiation Behavior of U-Mo/Al Dispersion Fuels

DART (Dispersion Analysis Research Tool) is a computational code developed for integrated simulation of the irradiation behavior of aluminum dispersion fuels used in research reactors. The DART com...
Non-Traumatic Subdural Hemorrhage and Risk of Arterial Ischemic Events

Background and Purpose- The risk of arterial ischemic events after subdural hemorrhage (SDH) is poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of acute ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction among patients with and without nontraumatic SDH. Methods- We performed a retrospective cohort study using claims data from 2008 through 2014 from a nationally representative sample of Medicare beneficiaries. The exposure was nontraumatic SDH. Our primary outcome was an arterial ischemic event, a composite of acute ischemic stroke and acute myocardial infarction. Secondary outcomes were ischemic stroke alone and myocardial infarction alone. We used validated International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis codes to identify our predictor and outcomes. Using Cox regression and corresponding survival probabilities, adjusted for demographics and vascular comorbidities, we computed the hazard ratio in 4-week intervals after SDH discharge. We performed secondary analyses stratified by strong indications for antithrombotic therapy (composite of atrial fibrillation, peripheral vascular disease, valvular heart disease, and venous thromboembolism). Results- Among 1.7 million Medicare beneficiaries, 2939 were diagnosed with SDH. In the 4 weeks after SDH, patients' risk of an arterial ischemic event was substantially increased (hazard ratio, 3.6 [95% CI, 1.9-5.5]). There was no association between SDH diagnosis and arterial ischemic events beyond 4 weeks. In secondary analysis, during the 4 weeks after SDH, patients' risk of ischemic stroke was increased (hazard ratio, 4.2 [95% CI, 2.1-7.3]) but their risk of myocardial infarction was not (hazard ratio, 0.8 [95% CI, 0.2-1.7]). Patients with strong indications for antithrombotic therapy had increased risks for arterial ischemic events similar to patients in the primary analysis, but those without such indications did not demonstrate an increased risk for arterial ischemic events. Conclusions- Among Medicare beneficiaries, we found a heightened risk of arterial ischemic events driven by an increased risk of ischemic stroke, in the 4 weeks after nontraumatic SDH. This increased risk may be due to interruption of antithrombotic therapy after SDH diagnosis.
Modeled Wide-Awake, Local-Anesthetic, No-Tourniquet Surgical Procedures Do Not Impair Driving Fitness: An Experimental On-Road Noninferiority Study.

Background The use of wide-awake, local-anesthetic, no-tourniquet (WALANT) surgical techniques is increasingly common, and patients commonly ask whether they may drive home following these procedures. The impact of a numb hand and bulky dressing on driving fitness is unknown, and there is no literature to guide surgeons when counseling these patients. Thus, the primary objective of the present study was to determine driving fitness following a modeled-WALANT procedure. Methods Twelve right-handed individuals (6 male and 6 female) with an average age of 50 years (range, 38 to 64 years) were enrolled. An instrumented vehicle was used to obtain driving kinematic and behavioral data, thus allowing for a multidimensional assessment of driving fitness. Participants first performed a drive to establish baseline kinematic metrics. The route included both public streets and a closed course. Several driving tasks were assessed, including reverse parking, parallel parking, and perpendicular parking. The total course length was 18 miles (29 kilometers) and took 45 to 55 minutes to complete. After the first drive, 10 mL of 1% lidocaine was injected in the volar aspect of the right wrist and another 10 mL was injected into the right carpal tunnel to model the anesthetic used for a WALANT carpal tunnel release, and a bulky soft dressing was applied. The modeled-WALANT drive included an identical route and tasks, in addition to a surprise event to evaluate emergency responsiveness. Driving metrics were analyzed for noninferiority of the modeled-WALANT state to baseline driving. Results The modeled-WALANT state showed noninferiority to baseline driving on all 11 analyzed dimensions of driving behavior compared with the control drives. In the modeled-WALANT state, participants drove more conservatively, braked harder, and steered more smoothly. All participants safely performed the 3 parking tasks and emergency response maneuver. Driving fitness in the modeled-WALANT state was noninferior to driving fitness in the preoperative drive. Conclusions A modeled-WALANT state has no clinically relevant negative impact on driving fitness, and thus surgeons should not discourage patients from driving home after unilateral WALANT surgical hand procedures. Level of evidence Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Tazemetostat as a treatment for epithelioid sarcoma

Epithelioid Sarcomas is a rare aggressive subtype of soft tissue sarcomas that is most prevalent in young adult males. It is locally invasive and frequently metastasizes to regional lymph nodes and...
Grappling With Race: The Performance of Identity in Prizefighting Promotion:

This content analysis explores the world of the most mass-audience prizefighting events (i.e., boxing and mixed martial arts) over a recent five-year span in terms of social identity patterns relat...
Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of new TRPV4 ligands and biodistribution study of an 11C-labeled radiotracer in rodents.

Abstract Nine new compounds targeting the transient receptor potential vanilloid-4 (TRPV4) were synthesized and their biological activities toward TRPV4 were determined using freshly isolated mouse skin macrophages through live cell Ca2+ imaging assay. Three compounds 4b, 4c, and 4i exhibited higher percentages of in vitro activation of TRPV4 as 48.1%, 59.3% and 33.5%, which are comparable to 56.4% activation response of the reported TRPV4 agonist GSK1016790A (3). The compound 4i was chosen for 11C-radiosynthesis using its phenol precursor 4g to reacted with [11C]methyl iodide. The radiosynthesis was achieved with good radiochemical yield (16 ± 5%), high chemical and radiochemical purity (>95%), and high molar activity (16–21 GBq/μmol, decay corrected to the end of bombardment, EOB n ≥ 4). Furthermore, the initial ex vivo biodistribution study in rats showed that [11C]4i had higher uptake in kidney, liver and small intestine compared to other tissues with rapid washout.
Regulation of GABA A and 5-HT Receptors Involved in Anxiolytic Mechanisms of Jujube Seed: A System Biology Study Assisted by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS and RT-qPCR Method.

The increase of the prevalence of anxiety greatly impacts the quality of life in China and globally. As the most popular traditional Chinese medicinal ingredient for nourishing health and tranquilizing mind, Jujube seed (Ziziphus jujuba Mill., Rhamnaceae) (SZJ) has been proved to exert anxiolytic effects in previous reports. In this study, a system biology method assisted by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS and RT-qPCR was developed to systematically demonstrate the anxiolytic mechanisms of SZJ. A total of 35 phytochemicals were identified from SZJ extract (Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. spinosa [Bunge] Hu ex H.F. Chow), which interact with 71 anxiolytic targets. Protein-protein interaction, genes cluster, Gene Ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways analysis were subsequently conducted, and results demonstrated that regulation of serotonergic and GABAergic synapse pathways were dominantly involved in the anxiolytic mechanisms of SZJ extract. The effects of SZJ extract on mRNA expressions of multiple GABAA (gamma-aminobutyric acid type A) and 5-HT (serotonin) receptors subtypes were further validated in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells using RT-qPCR. Results showed that SZJ extract (250 μg/mL) significantly up-regulated the mRNA level of GABRA1 and GABRA3 as well as HTR1A, HTR2A, and HTR2B in non-H2O2 treated SH-SY5Y cells. However, it exerted an inhibitive effect on the overexpressed mRNA of GABRA1, GABRA2, HTR1A, and HTR2A in H2O2 treated SH-SY5Y cells. Taken together, our findings suggest that anxiolytic mechanisms of SZJ mostly involve the regulation of GABAergic and serotonergic synapse pathways, especially a two-way modulation of GABRA1, HTR1A, and HTR2A. Our current results provide potential direction for future investigation of SZJ as an anxiolytic agent.
Generation and characterization of an improved carbon fiber model by molecular dynamics

Abstract A high-fidelity model is necessary for understanding the properties of carbon fibers (CFs) and developing the next generation of CFs and related composites. Using kinetic Monte Carlo combined with large-scale Molecular Dynamics (kMC-MD), we generate two types of CF models at a wide range of initial densities (from 1.2 g/cm3 to 2.0 g/cm3). These fiber core and thin fiber models represent a small section of interior region of large fiber and a very thin carbon fiber with a well-defined surface, respectively. The microstructures of the fiber core and thin fiber are characterized in terms of their shapes, densities, pore size distribution and hybridization of carbon atoms. We find both the fiber core and thin fiber models have densities and structural characteristics similar to experimental structures. Further, the virtual X-ray diffraction profiles shows good agreement with experimental profiles. In addition, more realistic CF models based on fiber core and thin fiber structure are proposed by removing layers of carbon atoms at random positions of each graphitic sheet along the longitudinal axis. Analysis shows that a fraction of the artificial introduced defects is healed during structural equilibration and the Young’s moduli of these models, obtained from axial tensile simulations, are in the experimental range.
THE LOW-REDSHIFT INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM AS SEEN IN ARCHIVAL LEGACY HST/STIS AND FUSE DATA*

We present a comprehensive catalog of ultraviolet (HST/STIS and FUSE) absorbers in the low-redshift intergalactic medium (IGM) at z < 0.4. The catalog draws from much of the extensive literature on IGM absorption and reconciles discrepancies among several previous catalogs through a critical evaluation of all reported absorption features in light of new HST/COS data. We report on 746 H I absorbers down to a rest-frame equivalent width of 12 mA over a maximum redshift path length Δz = 5.38. We also confirm 111 O VI absorbers, 29 C IV absorbers, and numerous absorption lines due to other metal ions. We characterize the bivariate distribution of absorbers in redshift and column density as a power law, , where β = 2.08 ± 0.12 for O VI and β = 1.68 ± 0.03 for H I. Utilizing a more sophisticated accounting technique than past work, our catalog accounts for ~43% of the baryons: 24% ± 2% in the photoionized Lyα forest and 19% ± 2% in the warm-hot IGM as traced by O VI. We discuss the large systematic effects of various assumed metallicities and ionization states on these calculations, and we implement recent simulation results in our estimates.
Tensor Krylov subspace methods with an invertible linear transform product applied to image processing

Abstract This paper discusses several transform-based methods for solving linear discrete ill-posed problems for third order tensor equations based on a tensor-tensor product defined by an invertible linear transform. Linear transform-based tensor-tensor products were first introduced in Kernfeld et al. (2015) [16] . These tensor-tensor products are applied to derive Tikhonov regularization methods based on Golub-Kahan-type bidiagonalization and Arnoldi-type processes. GMRES-type solution methods based on the latter process also are described. By applying only a fairly small number of steps of these processes, large-scale problems are reduced to problems of small size. The number of steps required by these processes and the regularization parameter are determined by the discrepancy principle. The data tensor is a general third order tensor or a tensor defined by a laterally oriented matrix. A quite general regularization tensor can be applied in Tikhonov regularization. Applications to color image and video restorations illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Music and messaging in the African political arena: edited by Uche T. Onyebadi, Hershey, Pennsylvania, IGL GLOBAL, 2019, pp. 321, ISBN: 9781522572954, $175.00

The Ugandan musician who goes by the stage name “Bobi Whine” regularly nettles and provokes the wrath of President Yoweri Museveni by his songs and music. As an opposition leader seeking the presid...
Endoscopic versus surgical gastrojejunal revision for weight regain in Roux-en-Y gastric bypass patients: 5-year safety and efficacy comparison.

Background and Aims An enlarged gastrojejunal anastomosis (GJA) is associated with weight regain after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and can be corrected with endoscopic or surgical revision; however, there has been no direct comparison between techniques. This study aims to compare serious adverse event (AE) rates and weight loss profiles between endoscopic and surgical revisional techniques over a 5-year period. Methods This is a retrospective matched cohort study of RYGB patients who underwent endoscopic or surgical revision for weight regain with an enlarged GJA (>12 mm). Patients who underwent endoscopic revision (ENDO group) were matched 1:1 to those undergoing surgical revision (SURG group) based on completion of 5-year follow-up, age, sex, body mass index, initial weight loss, and weight regain. Demographics, GJA size, serious AEs, and weight profiles were collected. The primary outcome was comparison of serious AE rates between groups. Secondary outcomes included weight loss comparisons. A Fisher exact test was used to compare the serious AE rate, and a Student t test was used for weight comparisons. Results Sixty-two RYGB patients with weight regain and an enlarged GJA (31 ENDO, 31 matched SURG) were included. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. The AE rate in the ENDO group (6.5%) was lower than the SURG group (29.0%, P = .043). Zero and 6 (19.4%) serious (severe) AEs occurred in the ENDO and SURG groups, respectively (P = .02). There was no significant difference in weight loss at 1, 3, and 5 years. Conclusions Endoscopic revision of the GJA is associated with significantly fewer total and serious AEs and similar long-term weight loss when compared with surgical revision.
Impact of care fragmentation on the outcomes of patients receiving neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

INTRODUCTION Neoadjuvant therapy (NT) is increasingly used for localized pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The impact of care fragmentation during NT on the outcomes of patients with PDAC is unknown. METHODS Adult patients with Stage I-III PDAC who received NT and patients who underwent surgery first followed by adjuvant therapy (AT) between 2004 and 2016 were queried from the National Cancer Database. Short- and long-term outcomes were compared between patients who received fragmented care (FC; care provided at >1 hospital) versus integrated care (IC; care at a single institution). RESULTS Among 6522 patients who underwent NT before pancreatectomy, 3755 (57.6%) received FC and 2767 (42.4%) received IC. While patients who received FC had a longer time to initiation of treatment (33.2 vs. 29.7 days, p < 0.001), there was no difference in median overall survival (OS) (26.7 vs. 26.5 months, p = 0.6). Among patients who underwent upfront surgery followed by AT (n = 15 291), patients who received FC had a longer time from diagnosis to undergoing surgery but less time from surgery to AT and no difference in OS (24.0 vs. 24.0 months, p = 0.910). CONCLUSION Although care fragmentation was associated with slightly longer times to initiate and complete treatment among patients with localized PDAC, long-term survival outcomes were similar.
Limiting the Pardon Power

Although our government is said to be one of checks and balances, the president’s power “to grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offenses against the United States” appears to be unlimited. In granting this power, the Framers deliberately cast structural safeguards aside. Nevertheless, the presidency of Donald Trump prompted a search for limits. This Article examines: (1) whether a president may pardon crimes that have not yet happened (or announce his intention to do so); (2) whether he may pardon himself; (3) whether he may use pardons to obstruct justice or commit other crimes; (4) whether criminal statutes should be construed not to apply to the president when they arguably limit the pardon power; (5) whether the Take Care Clause limits the pardon power; (6) whether pardons can deprive victims of due process; (7) whether pardons ever violate the separation of powers by limiting the authority of courts; (8) whether the exception to the pardon power for impeachment cases does more than prevent the president from blocking the impeachment of federal officeholders; (9) whether pardons must specifically identify the crimes pardoned; and (10) whether pardons are invalid when issued as the result of fraud, bribery, or other unlawful conduct. Applying common-law principles that have limited the pardon power from the start, the Article explains why the pardons President Trump granted Roger Stone and Paul Manafort are invalid and why the Justice Department could seek a declaratory judgment saying so.
Fundamentals of Bioimaging

Biologists and physicians have come to depend more and more on bioimaging as a tool to identify and locate specific proteins and molecules in their natural environment. With the recent development of probes and microscopes, biological processes can be monitored in real time in two or three dimensions. And observations can even be made non-invasively so a cellular process can be followed over an extended period of time.
Here be dragons: integrating agent behaviors with procedural emergent landscapes and structures

Here Be Dragons is a virtual environment containing creatures and cities that have no direct human designer. Digital genes, defining a structure similar to a Lindenmeyer system, form both the agents and structures within the space. Each component of these genes contains behavioral as well as structural content, and their format allows alterations like genetic crossbreeding and mutation. Protocol exists for communication between the cities and inhabitants, allowing more intricate interactions.The name “Here Be Dragons” refers to the unexplored regions found past the borders of old maps. The virtual space invites exploration, and to that end creature and city structures form novel shapes and behaviors as the user navigates the terrain. Explicitly authored spaces can only be as large as someone makes them, while traditional procedural spaces either become too predictable or too chaotic. Using algorithms traditionally reserved for virtual agents, as well as a mixture of techniques found in Artificial Life and other emergent schools of thought, the virtual space attempts to balance coherency with novelty. This approach has turned the typical production pipeline on its head. Traditional asset creation has been replaced with designing ways to generate and interpret pliable data. Upon completion of this design phase, a world can be generated in seconds.The creatures have an enforced symmetry, and are rendered in silhouette, inviting analogies to birds, bats, viruses, and dragons. Each segment within a creature acts as its own state machine, its own actions rippling through the entire body, generation the illusion of animism. The cities take information similar to those of the creatures but instead use it to build walls, spires, and buttresses. While the underlying code can inform very concrete visuals, Here Be Dragons intentionally abstracts the forms, invoking an effect similar to a Rorschach inkblot.As the line between agents and environment blurs, the potential for coherent interaction and visualization increases. A universal gene could potentially define 3D models, music, decision trees, and story flow within the same virtual space.
The French Wars of Religion, 1562-1629

Introduction Chronological table of events 1. Prologue: Gallicanism and reform in the sixteenth century 2. 'The beginning of a tragedy': the early wars of religion, 1562-1570 3. Popular disorder and religious tensions: the making of a massacre, 1570-1574 4. The rhetoric of resistance: the unmaking of the body politic, 1574-1584 5. Godly warriors: the crisis of the league, 1584-1593 6. Henry IV and the edict of Nantes: the remaking of Gallicanism 7. Epilogue: the last war of religion, 1610-1629 8. Conclusions: economic impact, social change and absolutism Short biographies Genealogical charts Suggestions for further reading.
Severity and interference of chronic pain in methadone-maintained outpatients.

Objectives Patients with opioid use disorder maintained on methadone report more chronic pain than the general population. The current study characterized chronic pain in patients with opioid use disorder. Design A one-time self-report survey. Setting The Addiction Treatment Services methadone-maintenance clinic, located on the campus of Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center in Baltimore MD. Subjects A convenience sample of 227 methadone-maintained patients. Methods Participants completed a one-time self-report administration of the brief pain inventory (BPI) and a demographic survey; additional treatment variables were obtained directly from clinic records. Results Sixty percent of the sample endorsed chronic pain. Patients with pain were significantly older, had a higher mean methadone dose, and provided more benzodiazepine-positive urine samples. Pain was primarily located in the lower extremities (59%) and back (51%), and mean BPI severity and interference subscale scores were 5.7 and 5.4 out of 10, respectively. Logistic regressions indicated that age ( P < 0.001) and methadone dose ( P < 0.001) were significantly associated with having pain and that pain was a significant predictor of benzodiazepine use ( P = 0.01). Only 13% (N = 18) of patients with pain were receiving pain management, and few were being treated with any nonopioid adjuvant analgesics. Yet patients who did receive treatment reported a mean 51% improvement in their pain, indicating they are not treatment refractory. Conclusions Results suggest there is a large discrepancy in the percent of patients who may need treatment for pain and those receiving treatment for pain and that more efforts should be made to provide standard pain management techniques to patients with opioid use disorder to reduce their overall level of pain and potentially improve their overall treatment outcomes.
Partitioning signed bipartite graphs for classification of individuals and organizations

In this paper, we use signed bipartite graphs to model opinions expressed by one type of entities (e.g., individuals, organizations) about another (e.g., political issues, religious beliefs), and based on the strength of that opinion, partition both types of entities into two clusters. The clustering is done in such a way that support for the second type of entity by the first within a cluster is high and across the cluster is low. We develop an automated partitioning tool that can be used to classify individuals and/or organizations into two disjoint groups based on their beliefs, practices and expressed opinions.
Dynamic plume tracking using mobile sensors

Plume localization and prediction using mobile sensors is the primary contribution of this paper. Plume concentration values, measured by chemical sensors at different locations, are used to estimate the source of the plume. This is achieved by employing a stochastic approximation technique to localize the source and compare its performance with the nonlinear least squares method. The source location is then used as the initial estimate for the boundary tracking problem. Sensor measurements are used to estimate the parameters and states of the state space model of the dynamics of the plume boundary. The predicted locations are the reference inputs for the LQR controller. Measurements at the new locations (after the correction of the prediction error) are added to the set of data to refine the next prediction step. Interpolation, using the sensors locations, is used to approximate the boundary shape. An illustrative two-dimensional example is provided.
Construction and operation activities at the University of Illinois Salt Gradient Solar Pond

Abstract The construction and operational activities at the University of Illinois (U.I.) salt gradient solar pond facility are described. Several discussions are given on major topics related to solar ponds. The discussions also contain cost information where available or relevant. Overall, the U.I. solar pond has demonstrated that solar ponds for low grade heating applications, such as space heating and grain drying, can be designed in a simple manner that requires minimal maintenance duties. More time is needed to refine operation procedures, however, enough information has been collected such that the basic design used for the pond can be replicated without significant modifications.
Isolation and characterization of adenosine nucleosidase from yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus)

Abstract Adenosine nucleosidase from yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus) seeds has been purified to homogeneity. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of purine nucleosides to the base and the sugar. The enzyme was purified 146-fold to yield a specific activity of 6.6 μmol/min mg. The best substrate was 5′-deoxyadenosine followed by adenosine, 2′-deoxyadenosine, and guanosine. Protonation of N7 appears to be a requirement for reaction as tubercidin (7-deazaadenosine) is not a substrate. The 3′-hydroxyl group is also extremely important for catalysis as evidenced by the low substrate activity for cordycepin (3′-deoxyadenosine). The enzyme exists as a dimer with a native molecular weight of 72 000.
Proton magnetic resonance evidence for methionine-iron coordination in mammalian-type ferrocytochrome c

Abstract Proton magnetic resonance spectra of mammalian-type ferrocytochromes c from nine species ranging from yeast to mammals provide evidence for identical methionine-iron coordination in all these protein molecules.
On the response of a towed array to the acoustic field in shallow water

A theoretical treatment of the response of a towed array to the acoustic field from a point source in isovelocity shallow water is presented. The analysis, which is based on a wave-theoretical representation of the field, reveals several interesting effects when the source is endfire-on to the array. Beam broadening or beam splitting may occur due to the distribution of the modal energy in elevation, a feature which also leads to signal rejection by the array. The latter phenomenon is characterised by a signal gain which, in general is less than the directivity index of the array. Other aspects of performance which are addressed include the effects of range averaging, the dependence of the output on the source-depth/receiver-depth combination, and the noise gain of the system when the limit to the signal/noise ratio is set by wind-generated ambient noise.
Spitzer reassesses his 2003 study of reparative therapy of homosexuality.

Severalmonthsago, I told theEditorofArchivesofBehavior that, because of my revised view of my study of reparative therapy changing sexual orientation (Spitzer, 2003a), I was considering writing something that would acknowledge that I now judged the major critiques of the study as largely correct. After discussing my revised view of the study with Gabriel Arana (see Arana, 2012), a reporter for The American Prospect, and with Malcolm Ritter, an Associated Press science writer, I decided that I had to make public my current thinking about the study. Here it is.
Increase of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase type II as an early event in hormone-dependent mammary tumor regression.

Abstract Primary, 7,12-dimethylbenz(α)anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary carcinoma in the rat contains cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent and -independent forms of protein kinase. When growth of DMBA-induced tumors was arrested by either ovariectomy or N6,O2′-dibutyryl cAMP treatment of the host, the activity of cAMP-dependent protein kinase type II markedly increased in the tumor cytosol, as shown by DEAE-cellulose chromatography and autophosphorylation. The increase in activity of cAMP-dependent protein kinase was also demonstrable in the tumor cytosol and nuclei following in vitro incubation of tumor slices with cAMP. These results suggest that protein kinase type II is involved in the regression of hormone-dependent mammary tumors.
On optimal convergence rate of empirical Bayes tests

Abstract This paper deals with the optimal convergence rate of empirical Bayes tests. A sharp lower bound on the minimax regret of empirical Bayes tests is established. When the result is applied to the normal distribution model, a lower convergence rate n −1 is obtained. We also construct an empirical Bayes test δ n ∗ whose corresponding regret achieves the rate n −1 , provided that ψ G , the characteristic function of the prior distribution G , is such that ψ G ( t )=0 for | t |⩾ b −1 for some b >0. Therefore, for the empirical Bayes testing for a normal mean problem, the optimal convergence rate is n −1 .
Coherent optical transients in rare earth doped fibers: Enhancement of accumulated grating echo signals by the maximum entropy method

Abstract A train of optical mode-locked pulse pairs is used to generate a frequency grating in the ground state of rare earth ions incorporated into the cores of optical fibers held at low temperatures. Detection of the photon echo stimulated from this grating is complicated by the fact that neither spatial nor temporal discrimination may be exploited to separate the echo signal from the pump and probe pulses in a fiber geometry. This obstacle is overcome by applying the maximum entropy method (MEM) of spectrum reconstruction to the digitized data and extracting the strength of the echo signal from the integration of its Fourier component. For small time delay (maximized echo amplitude) signal to background ratios for the power spectral densities of the echo signals of ≈ 10 6 were consistently obtained with this method. Temperature dependence (15 to 65 K) of the homogeneous linewidths obtained from the echo decay for the 3 H 4 − 1 D 2 transition of Pr 3+ are reported.
Virtual motion of real particles

Direct numerical simulations are rapidly becoming one of the most important techniques to examine the dynamics of multiphase flows. Lucci, Ferrante & Elghobashi (J. Fluid Mech., 2010, this issue, vol. 650, pp. 5–55) address several fundamental issues for spherical particles in isotropic turbulence. They show the importance of including the finite size of the particles and discuss how particles of a size comparable to the largest length scale at which viscosity substantially affects the turbulent eddies (i.e. the Taylor microscale) always increase the dissipation of turbulent kinetic energy.
Some aspects of destabilization in reversible dynamical systems with application to follower forces

This paper examines the destabilization of the equilibria of reversible dynamical systems which is induced by the addition of irreversible perturbations. Attention is restricted to reversible dynamical systems which have frequently appeared in the literature on elastic stability. There they are often referred to as follower force problems. The destabilization phenomenon is linear in nature and explicit criteria are established to determine the particular eigenvalue splittings. The post-destabilization dynamics are also examined using the appropriate normal forms for two specific cases, one where the eigenvalues are non-resonant and the other where the eigenvalues are in a strong one-to-one resonance. Finally, the destabilization criteria and certain features of the post-destabilization dynamics are illustrated using two examples of follower force systems.
Habitat Preference and Seasonal Abundance of Trichoptera Larvae in Ozark Streams, Arkansas

ABSTRACT Trichopterans were collected from both coarse woody debris (CWD) and benthic habitats from three streams in northwest Arkansas from February 1992 through February 1993. Overall density of caddisflies was significantly greater in benthic habitats than on CWD. Trichopteran larvae had significantly greater densities during summer and fall than during winter and spring. Lype diversa was the only species that showed a preference for decay stage and was collected in greatest densities on wood with loose bark or on decayed wood with many interstitial spaces. No species tested showed a preference for volume of biofilm. However, on wood with bark remaining, wood with bark of rough texture produced greater densities of caddisflies than did wood with smooth bark.
Isolation and characterization of mutants ofEscherichia coli defective in pyridine nucleotide cycle enzymes

Thirty-eight analogs of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide were tested for their ability to inhibit growth of wild-typeEscherichia coli K-12. Two of the compounds tested, 6-aminonicotinic acid and 6-aminonicotinamide were strongly inhibitory to growth of the organism. Mutants resistant to these compounds were isolated and characterized by cross-feeding experiments. All of the mutants isolated by their resistance to these analogs were found to excrete a metabolite which supported growth ofnadA, nadB, ornadC strains ofE. coli on a minimal medium. Wild-type strains failed to exhibit this cross-feeding ability. ThepncB+ locus codes for nicotinic acid phosphoribosyl transferase and maps near minute 23 on the chromosome.
On families of finite sets with bounds on unions and intersections

We present a conjecture, with some supporting results, concerning the maximum size of a family of subsets satisfying the following conditions: the intersection of any two members of the family has cardinality at least s, and the intersection of the complements of any two members has cardinality at least r.
Interference with Heme Binding to Histidine-Rich Protein-2 as an Antimalarial Strategy

Abstract The erythrocytic growth stage of Plasmodium falciparum involves hemoglobin proteolysis as the primary nutrient source with the concomitant release of free heme. The liberated heme is processed by the parasite into hemozoin, a polymeric porphyrin dimer. Histidine-rich protein binds heme and mediates the formation of hemozoin, which is inhibited by the antimalarial drug chloroquine. Interference with heme binding was determined using a microtiterplate assay. Combinatorial libraries were screened and tested against parasite growth, revealing a good correlation between heme binding interference and the inhibition of parasite growth. Several of these compounds retain their potency against a chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum . The most potent compounds have IC 50 values less than or equal to 50 nM against chloroquine-resistant and chloroquine-sensitive parasites.
How Can Epidemiology Improve Mental Health Services for Children and Adolescents

Epidemiology, the study of patterns of disease distribution in time and space, can help to improve mental health services for children and adolescents by increasing understanding of the causes, development, and course of psychiatric disorders. For the purpose of service delivery, epidemiologic research on child psychopathology can provide information on need for services, availability of services, and effectiveness of services. For both scientific and planning purposes, epidemiologic research can inform us about (1) the developmental course of psychiatric disorders during childhood and adolescence, (2) the effect of psychiatric disorder on the course of normal childhood development, and (3) the effect of childhood development on the developmental course of psychiatric disorder. Information about prevalence and incidence is useful for planning primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention and treatment services. The same information is scientifically useful to the extent that it helps to answer questions about causation, course, and outcome. However, one aim of this paper is to show that epidemiology is about a great deal more than rates of disorder.
Prestige and the University Press

The rhetoric of prestige vis-a-vis university presses has taken many forms in the pages of this journal over the last thirty-six years. Two main types of prestige by association are identified in this article: institutional prestige (to host universities) and individual prestige (to authors and administrators at the host institutions). Although ‘manipulating’ prestige may be difficult, holding dear the original mission of university presses may help to strengthen the status and image of university presses, even in times of financial hardship.
New insights into the pathogenesis of congenital myopathies.

Congenital myopathies are developmental disorders of muscle that are best understood in the context of ontogenesis. Segmental amyoplasia results from a defective somite, usually because of lack of induction by the notochord and neural tube; the connective tissue matrix of the muscle is derived from lateral mesoderm and is present, but the myocytes are derived from somitic mesoderm and are replaced by adipose cells. Generalized amyoplasia is due to defective myogenic regulatory genes. X-linked recessive myotubular myopathy is associated with overexpression of vimentin and desmin, fetal intermediate filaments that attach to nuclear, mitochondrial, and inner sarcolemmal membranes and Z-bands of sarcomeres to preserve the morphologic organization of the myotube. Neonatal myotonic dystrophy is a true maturational delay in muscle development. Congenital muscle fiber-type disproportion is a syndrome of multiple etiologies but in some cases is associated with cerebellar hypoplasia and may be the result of abnormal suprasegmental stimulation of the developing motor unit at 20 to 28 weeks' gestation, mediated through bulbospinal pathways but not the corticospinal tract. Maturational delay of muscle in late developmental stages is less specific than in stages before midgestation. The Proteus syndrome is a muscular dysgenesis; abnormal paracrine growth factors and perhaps altered genes that regulate muscle differentiation and growth, such as myoD and myogenin, are the suspected cause. Focal proliferative myositis may be another example of a "paracrine myopathy."
Mergers and Acquisitions, Human Resource Issues and Outcomes: A Review and Suggested Typology*

The article has three aims. First, it reviews recent research on corporate mergers and acquisitions and their impact on human resource issues. Second, it proposes a framework for classifying mergers and acquisitions. Finally, it provides some research questions for examining merger types, human resource management issues and major outcomes.
Twenty-four-hour intraocular pressure patterns in a symptomatic patient after ab interno trabeculotomy surgery

We report the results of repeated ambulatory continuous 24-hour intraocular pressure (IOP) monitoring with a contact lens sensor (CLS) in a glaucoma patient with ocular pain after ab interno trabeculotomy (Trabectome™) surgery. Our findings show that a combined prostaglandin-pilocarpine treatment reduced nighttime IOP peaks and relieved the patient's symptoms.