cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
BETA DECAY OF $sup 146$Ce.

The $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray spectrum of 14-min $^{146}\mathrm{Ce}$ has been reexamined with a high-resolution Ge(Li) detector, and the following previously unreported $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ transitions were observed: 106.4, 351.9, 369.1, 415.6, 467.9, 491, and 503.0 keV. A previously observed peak at $\ensuremath{\approx}99$ keV was resolved into 98.3- and 100.9-keV photopeaks. More precise energies and additional conversion coefficients have been determined for many of the transitions. On the basis of energy differences a new level, believed to be 1+, has been placed at 503.0 keV. $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-x-ray and $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-electron coincidence measurements suggest that a previously postulated 35-keV level is de-excited by a 23-12-keV $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ cascade.
Sponsoring True Feeling Literacy, Parrhêsia, and Civic Mythos in the Writings of Detained Youth

This qualitative study traces different articulations of the public, emotional honesty, and economic advantage in the literacy sponsorship of detained writer Lil’ Purp by The Beat Within, a publication for incarcerated youth and adults. Findings are compared to The Beat’s own account of Purp’s progress, revealing a set of practices reminiscent of Socratic parrhesia that revise understanding of literacy sponsorship by expanding it to a philosophical register. Because The Beat also becomes a site of affective solidarity among detained writers in a way that resists the directional logic of writing toward civic participation, the study supports thinking about affect in public writing not as a process that moves toward political action, but rather as action in the immediate space of its utterance and reception. Such findings have implications both for public writing pedagogy and for community-based literacy scholarship.
Quantitative comparison of conventional spin echo and fast spin echo during brain myelination.

Purpose: Fast SE (FSE) sequences have largely replaced conventional SE (CSE) T2-weighted sequences in the brain and have been generally accepted as qualitatively comparable. The purpose of the present study was to subject these sequences to a quantitative comparative analysis in the brain. Method: A quantitative analysis of relative signal intensities of white and gray matter was performed comparing CSE and FSE T2-weighted sequences in brains of 20 children at varying stages of myelination. Results and Conclusion: At all ages in individual patients, white matter had less signal intensity (SI) relative to gray matter on FSE than CSE, though the relative difference in SI was small. This resulted in white matter appearing slightly more myelinated on FSE than CSE. This difference is attributed to differences in magnetization transfer, In myelinated brain (white matter hypointense to gray matter), contrast-to-noise was greater with FSE, while in unmyelinated brain, contrast-to-noise was greater with CSE.
Flow Control Through the Use of Topography

In this work, optimal shaft shapes for flow in the annular space between a rotating shaft with axially-periodic radius and a fixed coaxial outer circular cylinder, are investigated. Axisymmetric steady flows in this geometry are determined by solving the full Navier-Stokes equations in the actual domain. A measure of the flow field, a weighted convex combination of the volume averaged square of the L 2-norm of the velocity and vorticity vectors, is employed. It has been demonstrated that boundary shape can be used to influence the characteristics of the flow field, such as its velocity component distribution, kinetic energy, or even vorticity. This ability to influence flow fields through boundary shape may be employed to improve microfluidic mixing or, possibly, to minimize shear in biological applications.
The Theologies of Black Folk in North America: Presidential Address to the American Theological Society, March, 2012:

In this article I argue that the black church tradition was born under the conditions of slavery more than two centuries ago for the purpose of proclaiming an alternative understanding of God and h...
Social problem ownership at Taganka, Moscow: Explaining urban protests against infill development projects

Focusing on a protest movement against unwanted development projects in Moscow, I consider their opportunities to act, framing mechanism, and outcomes. I regard theoretical tools of “cognitive liberation” and “social appropriation of claims” as most applicable in cases of sustained local activism in the context of Russia, adverse to collective action. One of such groups sets upon infill development projects at Taganka in central Moscow. After reviewing relevant literature, I then proceed to the case study. Given that little is known on the mechanisms through which such groups can persist and exert influence, I compare relative weight of several prospective factors. I conclude this article by arguing that framing mechanisms, especially a certain “ownership frame,” are most relevant in explaining such groups’ remaining motivated for long time and producing unexpected outcomes.
Does social spending add substance to formal rights

This article examines the effects of social spending on political participation and various forms of collective action conditioned on a state's level of respect for empowerment rights. It brings the language of rights to the more well-developed comparative study of voter turnout. I theorize that a state which spends more on social initiatives drives down economic and social barriers between individuals and the polls or participating in collective action. This increases the substantive use of rights guaranteed formally by the state. I find that spending helps most where rights are already respected. I also find that spending can negatively impact participatory democracy where these rights are less well established. Ultimately, I conclude that institutional strength has a greater effect on the substantive use of rights than social spending.
Categorial Responses to Synthetic Vocalic Stimuli By Speakers of Various Languages

This paper reports the results of presenting native speakers of thirteen different languages a set of synthetically produced vocalic stimuli. The speakers were asked to judge the relevance of each such sound to the vowel sounds of the native language and to group those judged to be relevant. The results of this procedure closely resemble vowel phoneme inventories as derived by analysis-of-production techniques but is claimed to be superior to the more common procedure due to its freedom from experimenter bias, its freedom from non-linguistic factors present in speech production, its speed, and its automability.
Different cytokine profiles released by CD4+ and CD8+ tumor-draining lymph node cells involved in mediating tumor regression

We have previously demonstrated that the growth of weakly immunogenic murine sarcomas leads to the induction of immunologically specific pre-effector cells in tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLN). The in vitro activation of TDLN cells with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) resulted in the acquisition of effector function as measured by tumor regression in the adoptive immunotherapy of pulmonary metastases. Further studies were performed to characterize the mechanisms associated with in vivo tumor reactivity mediated by activated TDLN cells. By positive selection, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were purified and activated by the anti-CD3/IL-2 method. CD8+, but not CD4+, cells manifested tumor-specific granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) release in vitro, and elicited tumor regression in vivo. By contrast, only activated CD4+ were found to release significant amounts of IL-2 in response to tumor antigen but did not mediate tumor regression in vivo. Mixing the two purified populations enhanced the antitumor activity of the CD8+ T cells. In culture, IL-2 was found to augment the relative amount of tumor-specific release of GM-CSF and IFN-gamma by activated TDLN cells. We found that the tumor-specific release of GM-CSF and IFN-gamma by activated lymphocytes was strongly associated with the in vivo therapeutic efficacy of these cells. Evidence in support of this included the following: (1) cytokine release of TDLN derived after different durations of tumor growth correlated with tumor reactivity in adoptive transfer studies, (2) cytokine release of T cells derived from different lymphoid organs corresponded with tumor reactivity in adoptive transfer, and (3) in vivo administration of neutralizing mAb to IFN-gamma and GM-CSF significantly inhibited the antitumor reactivity of TDLN cells. These studies document the contributory roles of IFN-gamma, GM-CSF, and IL-2 released by activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells involved in tumor regression.
Tropical tropopause layer cirrus and its relation to tropopause

Abstract This study examines the spatial and temporal patterns of tropical tropopause layer (TTL) cirrus clouds (i.e., clouds with bases higher than 14.5 km) and their relationship to tropical tropopause including both cold point tropopause (CPT) and lapse rate tropopause (LRT). We use eight years (2006–2014) data from the Cloud–Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) and Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) measurements. In addition to the CALIPSO cloud layer product, the clouds included in the current CALIPSO dataset as stratospheric features have been considered by separating clouds from aerosols, which are important in the TTL cloud analysis. It is also shown that the temporal variation of the stratospheric aerosols matches well with the volcanic eruption events. The TTL cloud fraction and the tropical tropopause temperature both have pronounced annual cycles and are strongly negatively correlated both temporally and spatially. The examination of the TTL cloud height relative to tropopause from collocated CALIPSO and COSMIC observations indicates that the tropopause plays a critical role in constraining the TTL cloud top height. We show that the probability density function of TTL cloud top height peaks just below the CPT while the occurrence of TTL clouds with cloud tops above the CPT could be largely explained by observed tropopause height uncertainty associated with the COSMIC vertical resolution.
TIC10/ONC201: a bend in the road to clinical development

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) –related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is an immuno-surveillance cytokine that is expressed in various tissues and cells [1, 2]. The expression of TRAIL on immune cells plays a role in immune surveillance in the prevention of tumors and metastasis [3]. TRAIL is attractive as an anti-tumor agent because of its capability to induce apoptosis in cancer cells by activating death receptors 4 and 5 (DR4 and DR5) with little toxicity against normal cells [2]. Despite its robust cell killing of tumor cells in vitro, efficacy of TRAIL receptor agonists has been limited in clinical trials, and this limited activity is thought to be due to lack of reliable predictive biomarkers of sensitivity and drug properties that limit efficacy such as short serum half-life, stability, and bio-distribution [3, 4].
A New Approach to the Diagnosis of Acute Dizziness in Adult Patients

Dizziness is a common chief complaint in emergency medicine. The differential diagnosis is broad and includes serious conditions, such as stroke, cardiac arrhythmia, hypovolemic states, and acute toxic and metabolic disturbances. Emergency physicians must distinguish the majority of patients who suffer from benign self-limiting conditions from those with serious illnesses that require acute treatment. Misdiagnoses are frequent and diagnostic test costs high. The traditional approach does not distinguish benign from dangerous causes and is not consistent with best current evidence. This article presents a new approach to the diagnosis of acutely dizzy patients that highly leverages the history and the physical examination.
Congenital Porencephaly and Hippocampal Sclerosis

MRI volumetric findings were correlated with seizure patterns and EEGs in 14 patients with intractable seizures, porencephaly and hippocampal sclerosis (HS) in a study at the University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL.
Immunopathology of Pulmonary Vasculitides

Vasculitis refers to a number of distinct disease entities characterized by cellular inflammation within and adjacent to the blood vessel wall.1 Typically, there is destruction of the vessel but leukocytoclastic vasculitis exhibits only leukocytic infiltrates within the vessel wall. Multiple classification schemes have been proposed to categorize this group of diseases (Table 59.1). Lung involvement is most common in primary idiopathic, small vessel, or antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides of Wegener’s granulomatosis, microscopic polyangiitis, and Churg-Strauss syndrome.2 However, medium vessel vasculitis of classic polyarteritis nodosa, large and medium vessel vasculitis of Takayasu’s arteritis (causing associated pulmonary hypertension), primary immune complex-mediated vasculitis of Goodpasture’s syndrome, and lupus erythematosus can all affect the lungs. The pulmonary circulation is characterized by low perfusion pressure, and large- and medium-sized pulmonary arteries are shorter in length and contain less elastin than in the systemic circulation; these factors apparently limit involvement of the larger pulmonary vessels by vasculitis. Open image in new window Table 59.1. Classification of pulmonary vasculitides based on size of the vessel involved.
Health policy: toward achieving respiratory health equality.

Access to affordable and high-quality healthcare varies widely in the United States (US). Variability in health insurance coverage across demographic groups plays an important role in respiratory health disparities. As a result of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), the average rate of noninsurance in the US has dropped in general, and among minorities in particular. Medicaid expansion under the ACA, adopted by some but not all states, is an important step forward in addressing gaps in safety net coverage in the US for low-income and minority individuals. Current evidence suggests that increasing access to health insurance will improve self-reported health, increase utilization of preventive and primary care services, and decrease financial strain due to medical illness, ultimately reducing health disparities.
Intermediate and weak coupling in 219Ra.

The level scheme of $^{219}\mathrm{Ra}$ established via a study of the $^{208}\mathrm{Pb}$${(}^{14}$C,3n${)}^{219}$Ra reaction is presented. The structure of the rotational band based on the ground state is interpreted as reflecting a ${g}_{9/2}$ valence neutron weakly coupled to a spherical $^{218}\mathrm{Ra}$ core. A non-yrast side band is observed, having tentative ${(11/2)}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$, ${(15/2)}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$, . . . level assignments. An ${(11/2)}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ state could result from the anomalous J=j-2 intermediate strength coupling of a ${j}_{15/2}$ neutron to the $^{218}\mathrm{Ra}$ core. The relevance of a weak coupling model to the understanding of high spin (Jgj) parity doublets and the surprisingly different experimentally observed level schemes of $_{{\mathrm{}}^{2}{\mathrm{}}_{88}^{19}}\mathrm{Ra}$ and $_{{\mathrm{}}^{2}{\mathrm{}}_{89}^{19}}\mathrm{Ac}$ are discussed.
The balsapuerto network: A case study in jungle Internet

The backbone of the Balsapuerto network of Loreto Peru is constructed of low-cost, high-speed technology, Wi-Fi Long Distance Networking (WiLDNet). WiLDNet is commonly used in Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICTD). In the case of the Balsapuerto network, 5.8 GHz point to point links interconnect four health posts of the upper Amazon, those in Balsapuerto with Varadero with San Juan with Yurimaguas. The network was constructed primarily by the Grupo de Telecomuncaciones Rurales of the Catholic University of Lima, Peru in 2012 with funding from the IEEE — Foundation and the help of volunteers. The ownership of the network was originally in the hands of the health posts and the IEEE. In other cases such as that of La Red del Napo further north in the state of Loreto, funding by the Global Fund resulted in the network being owned by the state of Peru. Ownership is important where sustainability is involved. In this paper, we will discuss the WiLD technology and sustainability of jungle networks. Many examples of hardware configuration are taken from the La Red del Napo of which the author has firsthand technical experience. This Napo Network is of similar construction of the Balsapuerto network as its construction was overseen by the same group (Grupo de Telecomuncaciones Rurales) that oversaw the construction of the Balsapuerto Network. Discussion will also be given to the results of an IEEE — Foundation funded workshop held in November of 2014 that included the Balsapuerto stakeholders (health post operators and local entrepreneurs) as well as observers from Madrid, Boulder and Lima. The workshop focused on achieving economic sustainability of the then non-functioning network. Discussion will then turn to the European Union (EU) project that is now operating the network as a 3G testbed.
Polarization-dependent photovoltaic effect in ferroelectric-semiconductor system

Radio-frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering method was used to fabricate ferroelectric films of hafnium oxide doped with 6 mol. % silicon. The effect of polarization of the Si doped HfO2 layer on photovoltaic properties of this ferroelectric-semiconductor system was investigated. Piezoresponse force microscopy method provided clear evidence for ferroelectric properties of HfO2 films with 10 nm thickness. Kelvin probe force microscopy showed that change in the surface potential of the negatively poled sample due to illumination is opposite to the response from unpoled and positively poled samples. Transport measurements also revealed a significant difference between photo-responses of the ferroelectric films that were polarized in opposite directions.
Modeling clinically validated physical activity using commodity hardware

Fitbit devices are one of the most popular wearable activity monitors in the consumer market. They are considerably cheaper than many of their clinical grade counterparts. However, they utilize proprietary algorithms for estimation of physical activity (PA). This study aims to model the measures of PA as reported by the ActiGraph GT3X using Fitbit measures of steps, METs, and intensity level. Such a model relating the Fitbit to what would have been reported by the ActiGraph could enable researchers to use the Fitbit instead of the ActiGraph in some applications, thus reducing cost or increasing the number of subjects involved in a study. This paper describes a study in which a model of the Freedson VM3 physical activity classification was constructed that uses measures from the Fitbit device instead of the typically provided ActiGraph vector magnitude. The data from 19 subjects, who concurrently wore both the ActiGraph and Fitbit devices for an average of 1.8 weeks, was used to generate the minute level based model. Several modeling methods were tested; a naive Bayes classifier was chosen based on the lowest achieved error rate. That model reduces overall Fitbit to Acti-Graph errors from 19.97% to 16.32%, a notable improvement. More importantly, it reduces the errors in moderate to vigorous physical activity levels by 40%, eliminating a statistically significant difference between MVPA estimates provided by the Freedson VM3 and Fitbit Intensity scores. This justifies use of the Fitbit device in place of an ActiGraph device in some large scale studies, especially those where MVPA estimates are of importance.
Understanding typologies of feedback environment perceptions: A latent profile investigation

Abstract Research on supervisor feedback environment perceptions—contextual aspects of day-to-day feedback relationships—has established important relations between such perceptions and employee motivation, well-being, and performance. However, this line of work has two key limitations. First, all work has adopted a variable-centered approach, assessing how a composite score of seven feedback environment facets (e.g., feedback quality, feedback delivery, favorable feedback, feedback credibility, unfavorable feedback, source availability, promotion of feedback seeking) relates to outcomes. This assumes that employees have similar perceptions across all facets, ignoring the possibility that different profiles, or constellations, of supervisor feedback environment perceptions may exist. Second, antecedents of the feedback environment have been understudied, leaving many questions about how supervisor feedback environment perceptions develop. We seek to address these limitations by adopting a person-centered research approach in order to (a) identify profiles of feedback environment perceptions, (b) link these profiles to antecedents grounded in social exchange theory (SET), and (c) test the relations of these profiles with important feedback environment criteria. Results across two studies revealed three distinct profiles of feedback environment perceptions, each of which were differentiated by antecedents tied to SET, and uniquely related to outcomes tied to employee well-being, motivation, and supervisor-rated performance. These results expand upon previous work by exploring how perceptions of the supervisor feedback environment develop and operate more fully.
Enzyme Immunoassays Using Fluorescent Substrates

Quantitative solid-phase immunoassays are attaining widespread usage for the direct detection of microbial agents in body fluids. While there are a number of formats in which solid-phase assays can be performed, most solid-phase assays utilized for the detection of microbial antigens are performed in a format in which an antigen is bound to a solid-phase surface coated with specific antibody. The bound antigen is then quantitated by subsequent reactions with labeled antibodies. The antigen is thus quantitated by the measurement of the label bound to the solid phase by the antigen-antibody reactions. The sensitivity of solid-phase immunoassays depends on a number of factors, the most important of which are the concentration and affinity of the immunoreactants utilized in the assay system [10, 16]. However, the sensitivity of the solid-phase immunoassays also depends to a great extent on the detection limit of the label which is utilized as the immunoglobulin marker. There have thus been a number of approaches which have been utilized to devise sensitive labeling systems for solid-phase immunoassay systems. One involves the use of high-energy markers which can be detected in low concentrations. The most widely used markers of this type are isotopes which emit measurable radioactivity [2, 11]. In addition, markers which generate fluorescent energy have also been utilized since, while they generate lower amounts of energy, they have longer half-lives and less potential for biohazard than radioactive isotopes [4].The high-energy labels have the advantage that they do not require secondary reactions to be detected, and this can be utilized for rapid highly quantitative assays. However, the ultimate sensitivity of immunoassays which utilize these markers is limited by the detection level of the markers [8]. We have found that this level of sensitivity is often not adequate for the detection of small amounts of antigens in body fluids, especially in cases in which standard fluorescent labels are utilized.
Bacterial cellulose derived carbon nanofiber aerogel with lithium polysulfide catholyte for lithium–sulfur batteries

Abstract Highly insulating nature of sulfur species and the shuttling effects caused by soluble lithium polysulfides have been blamed for hindering the development of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries. A variety of carbonaceous materials have been investigated to ameliorate these problems by providing a conductive matrix with physical trapping and chemical binding capabilities, but inevitably resulted in typically low sulfur content in the cathode and hence low gross specific energy when considering all the active and inactive masses. A highly conductive and crosslinked matrix with superior trapping and binding capability to sulfur species but a very low mass density is essential. Herein, crosslinked carbon nanofiber aerogel (CNFA) with extremely low density, attained from pyrolysis of bacterial cellulose (BC) aerogel, was studied for sulfur cathodes. With its unique combination of several merits, in particular the capability of strong absorption of catholyte, CNFA based sulfur electrodes exhibit outstanding performance. With 75% sulfur content of the gross cathode mass, cells demonstrated an initial capacity of 1360 mA h g−1 at 0.2 C, and exhibited excellent cycling stability with 76% of the initial capacity retained after 200 cycles.
Breakout Session: Copyright for Authors: Ideas, Activities, and Discussion Points

Sara Benson, Copyright Librarian for the University of Illinois Library, provided a dynamic, interactive train-the-trainers session. The presentation was based on a chapter she wrote for a forthcoming book to be published by the Association of College and Research Libraries. Benson reviewed basic information about copyright, including what is required to secure a copyright, what is protected, and what is not. She also addressed the specific issues involved in joint authorship and work-for-hire situations. Throughout the presentation Benson reminded the audience that authors should be encouraged to pay close attention to publishing agreements and to take an active role in negotiating the retention of appropriate author rights. After completing her presentation, Benson engaged the audience in reviewing actual author agreements and role-playing the negotiation of an author agreement between an author and publisher. The session concluded with a question-and-answer period that engendered lively discussions on other copyright issues and related scholarly communication topics.
Clinical trials design and conduct

This article attempts to outline the most important aspects to consider when planning a randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT) and writing a proposal for the RCT. RCTs are generally formulated ...
Multidimensional Contingency Tables

Cross-classifications involving more than two variables are a natural generalization of the tables discussed in Chapters 6 and 7. From the generalized linear model (Poisson regression) point of view, this merely corresponds to incorporating more (nominal or ordinal) predictors into the model, and presents no particular difficulties. The structure in a multidimensional contingency table model, however, and the implied forms of association and independence that loglinear models imply, make it important to study in some detail the analysis of higher-dimensional categorical data. We start with what is in many ways the simplest generalization, the 2 × 2 × K table, since many of the general issues involved arise in this simpler context. We will then generalize results to I × J × K and eventually four- and higher-dimensional tables.
Nutritional care of the critically ill patient.

The energy and nitrogen needs of the critically ill patient are altered. The goal, then, in treating this patient is to provide calories and nitrogen to maintain body weight and reduce net nitrogen loss during the acute phase of a disease. After this phase has passed, more vigorous support is possible.
Uninterrupted Video Surveillance in the Face of an Attack

Distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks continue to plague businesses and consumers alike, and due to an ever-growing digital landscape, these attacks are expected to grow in size and complexity. Current mitigation techniques ranging from hours to days are completely unacceptable given the cost and inconvenience these attacks place in our society. This paper puts forth three feedback control mechanisms to minimize the effects of DDoS attacks on real-time traffic. The first, called differentiated services code point (DSCP) Markdown, is a passive approach that uses micro firewall rules to lower the priority of out-of-profile packets while a second mechanism actively drops the out-of-profile packets based on rate and burst size parameters. The third technique uses parallel links when feedback is applied to stabilize the network after an attack has been detected. Results from all three techniques have shown to have a positive effect on real-time traffic. The first two approaches were able to stabilize network traffic in real-time, while the parallel links technique resulted in a slight delay. We validate the feedback mechanisms with our model that was generated using the system identification technique. Results show that the feedback architecture provides a fit accuracy with positive results.
The impact of a felony conviction on stigmatization in a workplace scenario

Abstract Challenges faced by ex-offenders as they re-enter the labor market are well known, yet the nature of the specific stereotypes that may affect this group are less evident. Also, research drawing parallels between ex-offenders and people with mental illness can shed light on the stigma process more broadly in this setting. This experimental study (N = 325) demonstrated the extent of stereotyping and discrimination toward people who either have a past felony conviction or a past mental illness hospitalization. Participants were randomly selected into an experimental condition to read one scenario depicting a successful worker, then responded to items assessing stereotypes and social distance (a form of discrimination; Link et al., 1999). Results indicated that ex-offender labels were associated with negative stereotypes such as perceived dangerousness and incompetence. Furthermore, participants expressed more social distance toward ex-offenders compared to a worker with a mental illness. These findings demonstrate the depth and extent of work-related stereotypes for ex-offenders, even relative to another stigmatized group.
Subjective social status in adolescents with asthma: Psychosocial and physical health outcomes.

Objective Asthma prevalence and morbidity are disproportionately higher among youth with lower socioeconomic status (SES). Examination of subjective social status (SSS) may improve understanding of associations between SES and health outcomes in pediatric asthma. Method Fifty adolescents with asthma (Mage = 13.2 years, SD = 1.23; 54% male; 55.1% African American) completed the MacArthur Scale of Subjective Social Status-Youth Version, Daily Life Stressors Scale, Children's Depression Inventory-Short Form, Adolescent Sleep-Wake Scale-short version, and Asthma Control Test during the baseline visit of a study of health behaviors. Body mass index z scores (BMIz) were calculated using height and weight obtained during the visits. Hierarchical linear regressions examined associations between SSS and psychosocial and physical health outcomes, controlling for caregiver-reported objective SES. Results Caregiver-reported objective SES was not associated with adolescent SSS. SSS-society was associated with daily stress (b = -3.14), t(47) = -2.13, p = .033; asthma control (β = .34, p = .045); BMIz (β = .38, p = .013); and sleep quality (β = .49, p = .001). SSS-community was associated with daily stress (b = -3.76), t(46) = -3.07, p = .002, and sleep quality (β = .36, p = .010). SSS was not associated with depressive symptoms. Conclusions Adolescents' SSS may not always reflect caregiver's objective SES. Perceived social status may play a role in the experience of daily stress, asthma control, BMIz, and sleep quality among adolescents with asthma. SSS may offer a novel means of assessing health disparities in pediatric asthma. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Enacting Children’s Multiple Voices: Implications for Theory, Policy and Pedagogy

This chapter discusses the implications of the current project in terms of language policy, curriculum, pedagogy and theory. The following observations were established through this project: first language is a resource in learning a second language; translanguaging is a resource in second language classrooms; written language should be relevant and meaningful to the children’s lives; children are constantly figuring out language, and therefore, the errors they make are developmental; the whole symbolic repertoires of a child should be nurtured; children need paper and space to imagine and explore; talk empowers reading; reading and writing empower each other; a mediating teacher is an empowering teacher to his/her pupils; children’s writing development is not linear but irregular; and instruction materials should be written in the language of instruction.
Erythema gyratum Repens-like eruption in Sézary syndrome: evidence for the role of a dermatophyte.

Erythema gyratum repens (EGR) is a rare and poorly understood dermatosis. The relationship of superficial dermatophytic infection to EGR-like eruptions in mycosis fungoides (MF) is unclear. We present a case of an EGR-like eruption in a patient with Sezary syndrome (SS). Histopathologic examination revealed both a superficial dermatophyte (Trichophyton rubrum) and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) in biopsies of the skin, regardless of whether those biopsies showed EGR-like lesions or erythroderma clinically. On 2 occasions, treatment of the superficial dermatophytic infection led to resolution of the EGR-like eruption and associated pruritus but not to resolution of the erythroderma. This case supports a role for dermatophytic superinfection in an EGR-like eruption in SS. Further investigation is necessary to fully understand the impact of dermatophytic infection in this clinical setting.
COVID-19-Associated Hyperviscosity: A Potential Link between Inflammation and Thrombophilia

Although COVID-19 begins as a respiratory pneumonia, we are now discovering it causes an intense inflammatory response accompanied by systemic microangiopathy. In reflecting on Virchow’s triad, we considered the possibility that extreme elevation in acute phase response proteins like fibrinogen may result in hyperviscosity, a known cause of endothelial damage and resultant thrombosis. We found elevations in plasma viscosity in all 15 COVID-19 patients tested to date. Notably, the patients with the highest plasma viscosities experienced thrombotic complications despite receiving therapeutic anticoagulation. Plasma viscosity correlated strongly with illness severity (Pearson's r = 0.841, p <0.001). Given the growing evidence of thrombotic complications associated with COVID-19, the role of hyperviscosity in disease pathogenesis should be examined more widely. Therapeutic plasma exchange is a mainstay of treatment for immunoglobulin-related hyperviscosity, where symptomatic hyperviscosity is considered a medical emergency. Study of its use in critically ill patients with COVID-19 who have thrombotic complications despite therapeutic anticoagulation is urgently needed.
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers have no effect on the outcomes of endovascular revascularization in tibial arterial occlusive disease

Abstract The effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEI/ARBs) on angiogenesis, myocardial remodeling and intermittent claudication have been studied. Clinical studies have shown reduced re-intervention after cardiac stenting with the use of ACEI/ARBs. We hypothesized that the use of ACEI/ARBs decreases re-interventions after endovascular revascularization in tibial artery disease (TAD) patients. This is a retrospective study comparing the effects of ACEI/ARBs on the outcomes after endovascular revascularization for TAD. We divided all patients that underwent endovascular revascularization into Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor/Angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEI/ARBs) and No Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor/Angiotensin receptor blockers (NoACEI/ARBs) groups. A total of 360 patients underwent endovascular intervention for TAD. One hundred and ninety-six (54%) patients, 124 (57%) males, were on ACEI/ARBs after endovascular intervention for TAD, whereas 164(46%) patients, 87 (53%) males were not. The groups were well matched in the demographic variables except higher incidence of congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease and dialysis in the ACEI/ARBs group (p = .001, 0.02, 0.01 respectively). Reintervention rates were not associated with ACEI/ARBs use (p = .097). Even when corrected for statin use and antiplatelet therapy, no difference was seen in the reintervention rates in the two groups (p = .535, 0.547 respectively). Primary patency, assisted primary patency and secondary patency did not differ with the use of ACEI/ARBs (p = .244 0.096,0.060 respectively). No difference was seen in overall survival between the two groups (p = .690). ACEI/ARBs do not appear to affect the patency and reintervention rates for patients undergoing endovascular revascularization for TAD.
When the Beaches Close: Impact of COVID-19 upon County Fiscal Health in Florida

The impact of COVID-19 and the use of shelter in place orders upon county-level government revenues and the future fiscal health of these municipalities is an ongoing concern for county government officials. Florida presents a unique case as the state relies on the sales tax revenue driven by in-state sales for over 60% of state revenue. This study presents findings on two measures of fiscal health (operating ratio and revenue loss per capita) under various scenarios of loss to county revenues through declines in general sales, local option sales, and fuel taxes. Findings suggest that counties within the panhandle in Florida may have to tap into reserves to make up for revenue loss.
Lab Counterculture

While academic research culture varies across schools, disciplines, and individual labs, the material and mental well-being of both graduate students and faculty are often negatively impacted by systemic factors in academia. Here we unpack these patterns in order to counter the narrative that individualistic solutions can bring about change. We illustrate how focus on quantitative outcomes, perfectionism, competition, time scarcity, power dynamics, bias towards maintaining the status quo, and financial stress contribute to negative lab culture. We describe specific, concrete, and actionable practices we institute in our lab to counter these systemic factors. We end by opening the conversation to other researchers to examine and counter toxic lab culture to promote supportive, inclusive, and ethical research.
A Rhapsody in Pink: Reflections on Seducing Nature through World Philosophies by way of James Joyce’s Ulysses

Through a reflection on color in the natural world by way of James Joyce’s Ulysses, this paper is an ebullient, rhapsodic, and free-flowing associative meditation on the embodied place of humans in nature. Various sources are employed through a variety of philosophic literature: ancient Western, such as Heraclitus, Parmenides, Anaximander, and Plato; the Continental philosophical tradition, such as Nietzsche, Heidegger, Husserl, and Merleau-Ponty; and Asian sources, especially Buddhism (Dōgen and Thich Nat Hanh) and Daoism (Laozi and Zhuangzi). The meditation metaphorically opens with an encounter of the color pink, which is allegorically represented as our entry into the natural world, and how this color has been neutralized through its human intensification in the color red, which in its attempt to exaggerate pink and the natural accomplishes the opposite – the covering up the self-same reality of the world and the human place in the world. The liberation of the feminine by way of Joyce’s character Molly Bloom is heralded as a call to turn again to nature’s world as the only means of human redemption. This turn, or return, is a returning to the natural order by means of learning afresh how to seduce nature to love us as a species again; and in turn, nature holds out an existential challenge to our species – how to say yes, again and again, to who and what we truly are. And the what and who we are is to be in and a part of nature once again.
ADDS-EVS: An agent-based deployment decision-support system for electric vehicle services

Rapid and sustainable development of the electric vehicle (EV) industry places the requirement for the plan of EV deployment. For public EV, existing models mainly focus on the charging facility design and fail to capture the multi-modal scenarios. In this work, we develop an agent-based decision-support system for multi-modal electric transits to locate the optimal combinations of key parameters, including the fleet size, the transit schedule, the charging facility design, and the routing strategy. We demonstrate the utilities of our system by simulating public EV services deployed to serve travel needs related to a transportation hub in New York City. To support the decision of the fleet size, we summarize system-level performances including the total satisfied demand, passengers' waiting time, vehicle idling time. The spatial and temporal patterns are extracted to serve a deeper understanding of system dynamics and service quality. Finally, we investigate the interaction between the fleet size design and the routing strategy. The results suggest a necessity of integrating the operation strategies into the planning phase.
Issues relating to the meaning of psychology as a science

In Philosophy in the Mid-Century Mace and Peters [1] discussed the relationship between philosophy and psychology in terms of three categories: (1) conceptual analysis, (2) methodology, and (3) empirical studies of philosophical interest. Under the category of ‘conceptual analysis’ the authors discussed the concepts and categories that scholars need to clarify the notion of ‘mind.’ In Contemporary Philosophy Otero [2] discussed the philosophical problems of scientific psychology in terms of one fundamental dichotomy: scientific psychology, in the strict sense, and the challenge it was receiving at that time from varied inspirations that he grouped under the heading of ‘total psychology,’ a label he invented to characterize those viewpoints critical of strict scientific psychology because of its narrow approach to the subject matter of psychology.
Stable Isotope Probing Techniques Using H218O

This chapter reviews the use of 18O-water in stable isotope probing (SIP) studies. Research groups made important contributions to understanding of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in mitochondria and bacteria. Richards and Boyer, employing 18O-water, showed that oxygen atoms from water can be transferred to DNA inside E. coli cells. Subsequently, it was shown that 18O-water may also be used to label DNA formed in soil. Water is a small molecule and therefore can rapidly diffuse throughout the soil environment, so that the label is relatively homogenously distributed throughout the sample and all soil organisms are exposed to similar concentrations of label. However, it is unlikely that the label will be completely homogenously distributed in soil. SIP with 18O-water may also be used to study the impact of environmental conditions such as temperature or pH on microbial population dynamics in soil. Finally, SIP with 18O-water is suitable for studies on the impact of complex nutrient sources on microbial population dynamics in soil. For instance, it is well known that plant litter quality, often gauged by measuring the lignin to nitrogen ratio, affects decomposition rates and therefore multiple nutrient cycles in soil.
Hypodontia associated with anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Report of a case.

I n any consideration of the anomalies which affect human t,eeth, it is necessary to establish a basis for classification which will logically explain the tissues involved and the controlling mechanism governing the anomalous condition and, most important to the practitioner, supply some measure of predictability as to treatment and prognosis. Most dental anomalies are actually dysplasias in that they are disturbances in the morphologic and histologic features and, in many cases, the function of the teeth. These dysplastic conditions may be due to hereditary factors, congenital influences, or postpartum developmental disturbances. Total anodontia is best expressed as an ectodermal dental defect in which all teeth are absent. In partial anodontia some teeth of the deciduous or permanent dentition may fail to develop. Anodontia usually occurs in association with other ectodermal abnormalities, such as the absence of hair, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands in a syndrome often called anhidrotic ectodermal dysp1asia.l Anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia is considered to be a triad of hypodontia, hypotrichosis, and hypohidrosis. Hypohidrosis is the most remarkable characteristic of this disorder. The syndrome, however, may be associated with other components resulting from defective development of ectodermal structures. It is usually transmitted as an X-linked recessive trait, the gene being carried by the female and the disorder being manifest in the male. Systemic manifestations usually include the face, skin, skin appendages, and oral cavity.2
Engineering multi-agent systems

Security of an agent system is often limited, relying on basic cryptographic techniques without consideration of issues such as key maintenance, forming and communicating in secure groups, or interlayer security. From a security engineering perspective, multi-agent systems introduce new channels and possibly layers, resulting in additional security concerns. A comprehensive security engineering perspective - studying the information flow of the multi-layered system, identifying, analyzing and addressing multi-level security threats - is rarely taken. This paper presents a security engineering process for multi-agent systems - motivating the need for comprehensive security engineering and showing how to proceed with the process within an agent system. One of the largest obstacles in security engineering is understanding how to decompose a system into the parts that require security. This paper provides a decomposition for agent systems that can be directly applied to the security engineering process. Examples are given that detail the application of the presented security engineering process to: 1) a FIPA-compliant agent system; and 2) peer-to-peer content lookup. The most important contribution of this paper, is proposing a formal approach to addressing security within an agent system, where there exist unique and application-specific threats that must be addressed.
Using Simulation to Improve Systems

Simulation technology provides an important opportunity to prospectively identify systemic problems with minimal risk to patient safety and quality. Health care systems are implementing simulation-based exercises on a more regular basis, especially in high-risk settings such as the emergency department and operating room. The adoption of simulation-based and other system-oriented improvement strategies by the health care industry, especially regarding quality and safety, was preceded by its development in the manufacturing and aviation sectors.