cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Androgen Control of the Sexual Maturation Pheromone in House Mouse Urine

Changes in the capacity of male or female mouse urine to accelerate sexual maturation in female mice were measured following castration and replacement with testosterone propionate (TP). In the male pheromonal activity declined significantly within 2 days after castration and disappeared between 10-15 days. After a single 1.0 mg dose of TP activity reappeared within 24 hours and reached maximum levels within 60 hours. Pheromonal activity showed a significant correlation with urine protein levels. Pheromonal activity androgen-dependent organs and plasma testosterone increased with increasing doses of TP but total urine proteins were not significantly correlated with this activity. The activity of urine from TP-treated females equaled that from males with intact gonads. Pheromonally active urine increased body weight in young females only in some cases. The findings show that the induction and reduction of pheromonal activity is relatively rapid that this activity is dependent on the androgen state of the male and that with androgen stimulation females are capable of pheromone production. Total urine protein levels are correlated with pheromonal activity but pheromonal activity is not a function of total protein concentration in the urine. The androgen control of this system may have significant implications in regulating its function in rodent populations.(AUTHORS MODIFIED)
A vision system for observing and extracting facial action parameters

We describe a computer vision system for observing the "action units" of a face using video sequences as input. The visual observation (sensing) is achieved by using an optimal estimation optical flow method coupled with a geometric and a physical (muscle) model describing the facial structure. This modeling results in a time-varying spatial patterning of facial shape and a parametric representation of the independent muscle action groups, responsible for the observed facial motions. These muscle action patterns may then be used for analysis, interpretation, and synthesis. Thus, by interpreting facial motions within a physics-based optimal estimation framework, a new control model of facial movement is developed. The newly extracted action units (which we name "FACS+") are both physics and geometry-based, and extend the well-known FACS parameters for facial expressions by adding temporal information and non-local spatial patterning of facial motion. >
Basics of stratifying for severity of illness

Conventional wisdom suggests that those who assess healthcare processes and outcomes always should stratify cases by severity of illness; however, infection control personnel should analyze each quality assessment tool with and without severity adjustment and determine whether such adjustment in necessary. This article briefly reviews severity adjustments for diseases or procedures involving specific organ systems, as well as those applicable to all diseases, including the commercially available systems. Also discussed is whether and how these various systems for severity adjustment can be compared. Finally, the article will provide selected references for individuals who will use these scoring systems and need more information.
De novo production of the key branch point benzylisoquinoline alkaloid reticuline in yeast

Microbial biosynthesis for plant-based natural products, such as the benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs), has the potential to address limitations in plant-based supply of established drugs and make new molecules available for drug discovery. While yeast strains have been engineered to produce a variety of downstream BIAs including the opioids, these strains have relied on feeding an early BIA substrate. We describe the de novo synthesis of the major BIA branch point intermediate reticuline via norcoclaurine in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Modifications were introduced into yeast central metabolism to increase supply of the BIA precursor tyrosine, allowing us to achieve a 60-fold increase in production of the early benzylisoquinoline scaffold from fed dopamine with no supply of exogenous tyrosine. Yeast strains further engineered to express a mammalian tyrosine hydroxylase, four mammalian tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis and recycling enzymes, and a bacterial DOPA decarboxylase produced norcoclaurine de novo. We further increased production of early benzylisoquinoline scaffolds by 160-fold through introducing mutant tyrosine hydroxylase enzymes, an optimized plant norcoclaurine synthase variant, and optimizing culture conditions. Finally, we incorporated five additional plant enzymes--three methyltransferases, a cytochrome P450, and its reductase partner--to achieve de novo production of the key branch point molecule reticuline with a titer of 19.2 μg/L. These strains and reconstructed pathways will serve as a platform for the biosynthesis of diverse natural and novel BIAs.
A reminder that human behavior frequently refuses to conform to models created by researchers.

This is a comment on the models created by researchers concerning contraceptive failure and unintended pregnancy. Human behavior refuses to conform to the models due to the occurrence of some unusual events. Thus the models should be used with caution. Both unintended pregnancies and contraceptive failures are more complex than they appear at first glance. Part of the problem resides in the history of the instrument used to measure unintended pregnancy. Becoming accidentally pregnant presents people the oppressing responsibility of having to decide whether to enter into parenthood or not. The choices about parenthood are problem-filled in this country. As a consequence the processes that determine the intimate lives of couples and in the culture as a whole should be studied. Otherwise the industrialized world will have to put up with contraceptive "accidents" while political movements will continually promise to resolve these complexities.
Family Resilience in the Context of High-Risk Situations

The purpose of this chapter is to define family resilience in the context of high-risk situations. First, the literature is reviewed to describe the development of the construct of family resilience. Second, research regarding family risk factors is synthesized providing information regarding some of the most challenging difficulties families face. Finally, the process of family resilience is presented by means of a typology that was developed through in-depth qualitative interviews with families who maintained and in some cases improved functioning despite their experience with multiple risk factors. The phases and corresponding family strengths are described, offering implications for clinical practice with families facing a variety of stressors.
ἁρπαγμός Revisited: A Philological Reexamination of the New Testament's "Most Difficult Word"

This study revisits the much-debated ἁρπαγμός (Phil 2:6) and offers first a rebuttal of J. C. O'Neill's challenge to Roy W. Hoover's landmark essay on the double-accusative idiom involving the word and then a refinement of Hoover's understanding. In response to O'Neill, I argue that (a) in failing to mount a challenge to most of the occurrences of ἅρπαγμα in the idiom and to the related cluster of idioms involving ἁρπάζeιν and near-synonyms ἕρμαιον, eὕρημα, eὐτύχημα, and ϰέρδος, O'Neill leaves sufficient evidence at hand for the establishment of the idiom with ἅρπαγμα; and (b) this evidence negatively impacts his challenge of the occurrences with the admitted synonym ἁρπαγμός, a challenge that in any case falters upon closer examination. Hoover is correct that the idiom with ἅρπαγμα/ἁρπαγμός exists, that the two words are interchangeable within it, and that within it they have the meaning “something to seize upon [for advantage's sake].” Philippians 2:6b may, in fact, be translated, “[Christ] did not consider equality with God something to seize upon.” In refinement of Hoover, however, I challenge his claim—famously seized upon by N. T. Wright—that the idiom implies that the object deemed ἅρπαγμα/ἁρπαγμός “belongs” to the subject in question. I conclude, rather, that the idiom does not speak positively or negatively to the matter of possession—hence the debate over whether Christ possessed “equality with God” cannot be settled by appeal to the phrase.
Potential Mountain Pine Beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) Attack of Lodgepole Pine as Described by Stand Density Index

Ninety-four unmanaged lodgepole pine stands, from a broad geographical range in the western United States, were examined to evaluate the relationship between stand density and susceptibility to mountain pine beetle (MPB), Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, attack. Population trends were not significantly related to variation in stand density as measured by stand density index (SDI). Percentage of trees killed per hectare by MPB in stands with >80% lodgepole pine did vary significantly with changes in SDI. From these data three SDI zones were identified as follows: 1) stands with SDI's of <125 showed low potential for attack, 2) stands between 125 and 250 SDI showed much greater levels of tree mortality, gradually decreasing toward the 250 SDI, 3) tree mortality decreased in stands as density increased beyond the 250 SDI value.
Assessment of the Precision and Reproducibility of Ventricular Volume, Function and Mass Measurements with Ferumoxytol-Enhanced 4D Flow MRI

Purpose To compare the precision and inter-observer agreement of ventricular volume, function and mass quantification by three-dimensional time-resolved (4D) flow MRI relative to cine steady state free precession (SSFP).
Is fine needle aspiration biopsy of salivary gland masses really necessary

The use of fine needle aspirate biopsies (FNAB's) in the outpatient setting has progressively escalated, particularly in the area of head and neck pathology. An increasing percentage of these are for salivary gland masses. We present our experience with salivary gland FNAB's at our institution for four years, from 1988-1992. One thousand and twenty-two (1,022) FNAB's of superficial masses were performed by two pathologists. One hundred sixty-three (15.9%) were salivary gland biopsies. Of these 163 cases, 21 (12.9%) were normal tissue, 77 (47.2%) were inflammatory processes, 50 (30.7%) were benign tumors, and 15 (9.2%) were malignant tumors. None of the aspirates were unsatisfactory. Tissue correlation was possible in 47 (28.8%) cases. Two false negative cases (4.3%) were identified; these were a Warthin's tumor diagnosed as chronic sialoadenitis by FNAB; and a poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed as adenocarcinoma by FNAB. There were no false positive cases. Overall sensitivity was 95.7% and specificity was 100%. Our experience indicates that FNAB of salivary glands is an effective screening procedure in evaluating salivary gland masses. The cytologic diagnosis may assist the clinician in allaying patients' anxieties, as well as in further collateral workup prior to definitive therapy.
SU-G-201-17: Verification of Dose Distributions From High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy Ir-192 Source Using a Multiple-Array-Diode-Detector (MapCheck2)

Purpose: To investigate quantitatively the accuracy of dose distributions for the Ir-192 high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy source calculated by the Brachytherapy-Planning system (BPS) and measured using a multiple-array-diode-detector in a heterogeneous medium. Methods: A two-dimensional diode-array-detector system (MapCheck2) was scanned with a catheter and the CT-images were loaded into the Varian-Brachytherapy-Planning which uses TG-43-formalism for dose calculation. Treatment plans were calculated for different combinations of one dwell-position and varying irradiation times and different-dwell positions and fixed irradiation time with the source placed 12mm from the diode-array plane. The calculated dose distributions were compared to the measured doses with MapCheck2 delivered by an Ir-192-source from a Nucletron-Microselectron-V2-remote-after-loader. The linearity of MapCheck2 was tested for a range of dwell-times (2–600 seconds). The angular effect was tested with 30 seconds irradiation delivered to the central-diode and then moving the source away in increments of 10mm. Results: Large differences were found between calculated and measured dose distributions. These differences are mainly due to absence of heterogeneity in the dose calculation and diode-artifacts in the measurements. The dose differences between measured and calculated due to heterogeneity ranged from 5%–12% depending on the position of the source relative to the diodes in MapCheck2 and different heterogeneities in the beam path. The linearity test of the diode-detector showed 3.98%, 2.61%, and 2.27% over-response at short irradiation times of 2, 5, and 10 seconds, respectively, and within 2% for 20 to 600 seconds (p-value=0.05) which depends strongly on MapCheck2 noise. The angular dependency was more pronounced at acute angles ranging up to 34% at 5.7 degrees. Conclusion: Large deviations between measured and calculated dose distributions for HDR-brachytherapy with Ir-192 may be improved when considering medium heterogeneity and dose-artifact of the diodes. This study demonstrates that multiple-array-diode-detectors provide practical and accurate dosimeter to verify doses delivered from the brachytherapy Ir-192-source.
Effects of temperature and material on sensing moisture content of pelleted biomass through dielectric properties

The production of pelleted biomass represents a significant emerging industry in the United States. Solid biomass can be formed from the waste products of different natural and manufactured products. In this study, the effects of temperature and pellet material type on the dielectric properties were investigated. The resulting information was used to develop temperature- and material-independent moisture prediction equations. Dielectric properties of peanut-hull, pine, and hardwood pellets were measured at microwave frequencies for temperatures between 10 °C and 50 °C and at moisture contents between 4.9% and 16.0%. Further work was performed in investigating the dielectric properties of pine, peanut-hull, and hardwood pellets to determine whether a “unified” calibration for moisture content might be developed. Results showed that a temperature-compensated calibration for moisture content could be developed for different pellet types with standard errors of calibration between 0.50% and 1.04%. In addition, a unified calibration for pine, peanut-hull and hardwood pellets at 20 °C was developed that provides moisture content for the materials with a standard error of calibration between 0.48% and 0.56%.
Acute Porphyria: Case Report with the Use of Urecholine in the Management of Obstipation

Summary A case of acute porphyria is reported. The use of folic acid and vitamin B12, as exhibited in this case, was not attended by any apparent favorable effect. Urecholine appeared effective in relieving the obstipation which had proved refractory to other measures.
Automated Data Acquisition System For FET Measurement and it's Application

The new measurement-based HP FET Model [l] greatly improves large-signal accuracy because the model nonlinearities are explicitly constructed from device data. To achieve this accuracy, a software product based on the HP IC-CAP program was developed to acquire FET data and package it for use in a nonlinear circuit simulator. This paper describes an adaptive, automated data acquisition system (ADAS) for device on-wafer measurements and its application to the HP FET Model generation process. The ADAS solves the problem of automatically determining the entire, device-specific, safe operating region of the FET from only data sheet information. The system adaptively chooses the bias points at which to measure, collects DC and small-signal S-parameter data, and sends it to the HP FET Model-Generator where it is packaged for use with the new HP FET Model. Because the techniques involved are very general, they can be easily applied for characterizing other classes of devices and to provide FET data for more conventional parameter extraction techniques.
Scattering of electromagnetic waves from 3D multilayer random rough surfaces based on the second-order small perturbation method: energy conservation, reflectivity, and emissivity.

A theoretical investigation of energy conservation, reflectivity, and emissivity in the scattering of electromagnetic waves from 3D multilayer media with random rough interfaces using the second-order small perturbation method (SPM2) is presented. The approach is based on the extinction theorem and develops integral equations for surface fields in the spectral domain. Using the SPM2, we calculate the scattered and transmitted coherent fields and incoherent fields. Reflected and transmitted powers are then found in the form of 2D integrations over wavenumber in the spectral domain. In the integrand, there is a summation over the spectral densities of each of the rough interfaces with each weighted by a corresponding kernel function. We show in this paper that there exists a “strong” condition of energy conservation in that the kernel functions multiplying the spectral density of each interface obey energy conservation exactly. This means that energy is conserved independent of the roughness spectral densities of the rough surfaces. Results of this strong condition are illustrated numerically for up to 50 rough interfaces without requiring specification of surface roughness properties. Two examples are illustrated. One is a multilayer configuration having weak contrasts between adjacent layers, random layer thicknesses, and randomly generated permittivity profiles. The second example is a photonic crystal of periodically alternating permittivities of larger dielectric contrast. The methodology is applied to study the effect of roughness on the brightness temperatures of the Antarctic ice sheet, which is characterized by layers of ice with permittivity fluctuations in addition to random rough interfaces. The results show that the influence of roughness can significantly increase horizontally polarized thermal emission while leaving vertically polarized emissions relatively unaffected.
Authentic Leadership and Transformational Leadership: An Incremental Approach

Authentic leadership and transformational leadership are significant predictors of job satisfaction. However, controversy abounds as authentic leadership faces intense scrutiny. Using data from a heterogeneous sample of 323 working adults, an exploratory factor analysis revealed 81% of the variance in nine first-order factors to be explained by one component. Findings from a confirmatory factor analysis appeared to show a two-factor model as a better fit than a one-factor model, yet neither model met a generally accepted threshold for RMSEA. Multiple regression analysis generated modest levels of incremental validity for authentic leadership, above and beyond the effects of transformational leadership, in the prediction of intrinsic, extrinsic, and general job satisfaction. Additional multiple regression analyses involving first-order factors revealed morals/ethics as a significant predictor of intrinsic job satisfaction, above and beyond the effects of individual consideration and inspirational motivation. Self-awareness and balanced processing were found to be significant predictors of extrinsic job satisfaction, above and beyond the effects of individual consideration, attributed idealized influence, and intellectual stimulation. Lastly, balanced processing was found to be a significant predictor of general job satisfaction, above and beyond the effects of individual consideration, inspirational motivation, and intellectual stimulation. Further assessments regarding the unique nature of authentic leadership are recommended.
What are Elementary Particles Made of

For many years scientists have been searching for the ultimate constituent of matter. At the turn of the century, the atom gave up its claim as the ultimate building block when atomic structure was understood. While we lost the heir apparent to the “fundamental building block” we got consolation prizes in terms of an understanding of the periodic system of elements and their chemical properties as well as understanding of atomic and molecular spectra. It then seemed that the photon, the electron, the proton, and the neutron had pretensions to the “throne.” However, there were vaguely disturbing features like the existence of the neutrino and postulation and the discovery of the pion and the unwelcome but persistent muon. One had not fully understood the role of these various particles as elementary constituent of matter. For many practical purposes there was a satisfactory phenomenological quantum theory of their production and interaction.
118 Sexual violence perpetration among emerging adults: event-based findings from a national sample

Purpose Sexual violence (SV) is a significant public health concern with substantial economic and psychosocial tolls on both individuals and communities. Among adults in the United States, an estimated 19.3% of females and 1.7% of males experience rape, and 43.9% of females and 23.4% of males experience other types of sexual violence. Previous work suggests that risk for sexual violence perpetration onset increases during adolescence, and the majority of SV survivors are first victimised before age 25. Consequently, understanding the context in which sexual violence perpetration occurs among emerging adults (ages 18–25) is critical for developing effective multi-level intervention and prevention strategies. Methods A large national sample of 18–25 year olds is currently being recruited via advertisements appearing on Instagram and Facebook to complete an anonymous, online questionnaire about event-based characteristics of sexual violence perpetration. Survey items will inquire about participants’ own history of perpetrating three types of sexual violence (completed/attempted nonconsensual sex, incapacitated sex) against someone and whether they know someone who has completed/attempted nonconsensual sex. For each endorsed perpetration type, participants will receive event-specific questions about their most recent perpetration experience, including incident characteristics (e.g., location, relationship to victim), substance use within two hours of the incident, perpetration motives and tactics used. Results Analyses will highlight: prevalence rates for each SV type; demographic characteristics of perpetrators; and similarities/differences between SV types regarding incident characteristics, perpetration motives and tactics used. Significance By illuminating multiple intervention points in the sequence of events leading up to completed sexual violence incidents, our results can inform the development of tailored perpetrator-focused prevention programs that account for the real-world context in which sexual violence occurs.
Characterization of mixed mode fracture properties of nanographene reinforced epoxy and Mode I delamination of its carbon fiber composite

Abstract Motivated by previous research performed by the authors investigating Mode I toughness enhancement using nanographene in EPON 862 epoxy, this article aims to investigate (a) the changes in mixed mode fracture properties of a thermoset polymer (EPON 862) reinforced with hydrogen passivated nanographene platelets (HP-NGPs) and, (b) Mode I fracture properties of EPON 862/IM7 unidirectional laminate with and without dispersed HP-NGPs. For (a), mixed mode fracture experimentation was performed using an asymmetric four-point bending specimen on baseline (0 wt%), 0.1 wt% and 0.5 wt% HP-NGP reinforced EPON 862 polymer. Three different mode mix (KII/KI) ratios (0.78, 1.53, 117) were used to obtain an experimental fracture envelop encompassing pure Mode I to Mode II. Remarkable increase in the fracture envelop both in Mode I (∼3 times) and Mode II (∼2.5 times) was observed with only 0.5 wt% of HP-NGP. For case (b), Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) experiments were used to obtain the fracture toughness of the unidirectional laminates with the HP-NGP reinforced matrices as in (a), in accordance with ASTM D5528. Significant increase (∼100%) in resistance to crack propagation was observed for 0.5 wt% NGP reinforced system in comparison to baseline samples.
The Last Line of Defense: Corrigenda and Retractions

One of the key characteristics of a rigorous and robust science is that it has the ability to self-correct when mistakes are made. The focal article by Grand et al. (2018) has plenty to say about what faithful actors can do to ensure a more robust industrial and organizational (I-O) psychology literature, but we were surprised at how little attention the issue of correcting the research record was given. To be clear, the target article mentions the issue of research misconduct and even cites an article from Leadership Quarterly (Atwater, Mumford, Schriesheim, & Yammarino, 2014) that deals specifically with the issue, but it does not include guidance on this issue for editors or publishers. This is not surprising. The issue of misconduct is one that produces a great deal of discomfort in academic circles (Wager, 2015), and when it is discussed, it is usually only in the vaguest terms (e.g., Banks et al., 2016). Moreover, as Grand and colleagues point out, it could be argued that the “gathering storm” of questionable research that has enveloped other fields such as social psychology seems distant. Perhaps to reassure us, the authors point to several articles showing that results of our field seem to be replicable, robust, and relevant. But are they?
Access-Related Pseudoaneurysm and Complications of Thrombin Injection

Pseudoaneurysm formation is the most common complication following percutaneous femoral access. Currently, ultrasound remains the easiest and least invasive way of identifying and quantifying a pseudoaneurysm. The decision to intervene on a pseudoaneurysm is based upon size and a patient’s individual clinical situation, such as the need for anticoagulation. Those pseudoaneurysms that are larger than the 2–3 cm size threshold or pseudoaneurysms in patients who will need long-term anticoagulation are much less likely to resolve without some sort of intervention. Two cases presented here demonstrate basic technical aspects and decisions when using percutaneous injection of thrombin to induce thrombosis, perhaps the most popular technique currently employed today. Thrombin injection has been reported in multiple studies to have success rates of between 93 and 98 %. Complications associated with thrombin injection are infrequently reported with one meta-analysis publishing a complication rate of less than 1 % with the most frequent complication being distal embolization.
A Predator’s View of Animal Color Patterns

It has long been known that the general colors and tones of animals tend to match their backgrounds (E. Darwin, 1794; Poulton, 1890). The adaptive significance of this has been borne out in numerous experimental studies (DiCesnola, 1904; Sumner, 1934, 1935; Isley, 1938; Popham, 1942; Dice, 1947; Turner, 1961; Kettlewell, 1956, 1973; Kaufman, 1974; Wiklund, 1975; Curio, 1976). There is also a good understanding of warning coloration (Cott, 1940; Wickler, 1968; Edmunds, 1974; Rothschild, 1975). However, the determinants of color pattern are poorly known, although it is known in a general way that the patterns and forms of animals are similar to their backgrounds (Poulton, 1890; Thayer, 1909; Cott, 1940; Wickler, 1968; Robinson, 1969; Edmunds, 1974; Fogden and Fogden, 1974). It is the purpose of this paper to explore the factors that determine color patterns under various specific conditions. The basic assumption is that a color pattern must resemble a random sample of the background seen by predators in order to be cryptic, and must deviate from the background in one or more ways in order to be conspicuous. As a result, the actual pattern evolved in a particular place represents a compromise between factors which favor crypsis and those which favor conspicuous color patterns.
Circulating tumor cell status and benefit of radiotherapy in stage I breast cancer.

11524Background: Circulating tumor cell (CTC) status has been shown to be prognostic of decreased survival in non-metastatic breast cancer. While up to 20-30% of patients with early breast cancer h...
Association of Aspirin With Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism in Patients After Total Knee Arthroplasty Compared With Other Anticoagulants: A Noninferiority Analysis

Importance There has been significant debate in the surgical and medical communities regarding the appropriateness of using aspirin alone for venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Objective To determine the acceptability of aspirin alone vs anticoagulant prophylaxis for reducing the risk of postoperative VTE in patients undergoing TKA. Design, Setting, and Participants Noninferiority study of a retrospective cohort of TKA cases submitted to the Michigan Arthroplasty Registry Collaborative Quality Initiative at 29 member hospitals, ranging from small community hospitals to large academic and nonacademic medical centers in Michigan. The study included 41 537 patients who underwent primary TKA between April 1, 2013, and October 31, 2015. Clinical events were monitored for 90 days after surgery. Data were analyzed between September and October 2016. Exposures The method of pharmacologic prophylaxis: neither aspirin nor anticoagulants for 668 patients (1.6%), aspirin only for 12 831 patients (30.9%), anticoagulant only (eg, low-molecular-weight heparin, warfarin, and Xa inhibitors) for 22 620 patients (54.5%), and both aspirin/anticoagulant for 5418 patients (13.0%). Most patients were also using intermittent pneumatic compression stockings. Main Outcome and Measures The primary composite outcome was the first occurrence of VTE or death. The noninferiority margin was specified as 0.3. The secondary outcome was bleeding events. Results Of the 41 537 patients, 14 966 were men (36%), and the mean age was 65.8 years. A VTE event occurred in 573 of 41 537 patients (1.38%); 32 of 668 (4.79%) who received no pharmacologic prophylaxis, 149 of 12 831 (1.16%) treated with aspirin alone, 321 of 22 620 (1.42%) with anticoagulation alone, and 71 of 5418 (1.31%) prescribed both aspirin and anticoagulation. Aspirin only was noninferior for the composite VTE outcome compared with those receiving other chemoprophylaxis (adjusted odds ratio, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.68-1.07, P for inferiority = .007). Bleeding occurred in 457 of 41 537 patients (1.10%), 10 of 668 (1.50%) without prophylaxis, 116 of 12 831 (0.90%) in the aspirin group, 258 of 22 620 (1.14%) with anticoagulation, and 73 of 5418 (1.35%) of those receiving both. Aspirin alone was also noninferior for bleeding complications (adjusted odds ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.63-1.00, P for inferiority Conclusions and Relevance In this study of patients undergoing TKA, aspirin was not inferior to other anticoagulants in the postoperative rate of VTE or death. Aspirin alone may provide similar protection from postoperative VTE compared with other anticoagulation treatments.
Investigation of 1-MA, 200-ns Ar Gas Puff Z-Pinches on COBRA*

We have conducted Ar gas puff z-pinch studies on the COBRA generator. A triple-nozzle is used to produce tailored gas density distributions with two concentric annular nozzles and a center gas jet. We report suppression of Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities by inner dense plasmas, and photo-ionization of the inner gas puffs by the hot outer imploding plasma. By varying the initial gas density profiles, we have optimized the Ar K-shell x-ray radiation, and produced stable 200-ns implosions.
Analyzing Stock Market Movements Using News, Tweets, Stock Prices and Transactions Volume Data for APPLE (AAPL), GOOGLE (GOOG) and SONY (SNE)

Goal: Today's financial markets are of complex behavior which is the result of decisions made by many traders. Goal of this research is to calculate the relationship between financial markets stock prices, volumes, counts in financial news and tweets.Method: Collect the data sets for the three companies - Apple, Google and Sony1. Collect tweets using Twitter API written in Python and extract tweet counts only related to stocks for the above companies.2. Collect News data counts using News API, written in Python, only related to stocks for the above companies.3. Collect stocks data including Volume, Close Price, etc. for the above companies.Findings: We find a positive correlation between the daily number of mentions of the above companies in the Tweets, News, daily stocks close prices and daily transactions volume of a company's stock after the tweets and news are released. Our results provide measurable support for the suggestion that activities in financial markets, news and tweets are fundamentally interlinked.
A paradigm shift in revenue management? The new landscape of hotel cancellation policies

This study provides empirical evidence on how hotel cancellation policies are changing in recent years. The findings demonstrate that while hotels are experimenting with stricter cancellation windows, their cancellation penalties do not appear to become stricter. We discuss this counterintuitive discrepancy, explaining the rational with theoretical models of price discrimination and empirical observations of consumer behaviour, both within the framework of hotel revenue management practices.
Tuning the epsilon-near-zero region of ultra-thin Al-doped ZnO through atomic layer deposition (Conference Presentation)

In this work, we report on the tunability of carrier concentration and epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) wavelength (i.e. the region where the real dielectric permittivity of a material approaches zero) in ultrathin (<100 nm) Al-doped ZnO (AZO) nano-layers fabricated through the atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique. ALD is a variation of chemical vapor deposition in which a substrate is exposed to only one self-limiting reactant at a time, allowing for ultra-smooth, conformal deposition and precise control over film-thickness at the nanometer scale. To create the AZO meta-films, fused silica substrates are exposed to alternating cycles of Diethylzinc (DEZ) and water vapor, with periodic dopant cycles of Trimethylaluminium (TMA). Optical and material properties of the meta-films are determined using spectroscopic ellipsometry. Using the Drude model and regression analysis with measured values, properties such as film thickness, ENZ wavelength, and complex refractive index are then determined. Furthermore, excitation of ENZ modes in the fabricated films has been demonstrated experimentally using the Kretschmann-Raether configuration. It was found that by varying the deposition temperature, Al:ZnO doping ratio, and film thickness, the ENZ wavelength of AZO thin films could be precisely tuned in the near infrared region from 1520 to 1700 nm. The results of this work allow for the precise engineering of optical properties of AZO films for zero-index photonic applications.
The role of values, ideologies, and attitudes in shaping public support for privatization in local park and recreation services

As tax-based funding for local public park and recreation services becomes increasingly scarce, alternative funding strategies such as privatization have become progressively more relevant. Althoug...
A population-based model for predicting sentinel lymph node (SLN) status for cutaneous melanoma patients and a clinical decision rule (CDR) for sparing a SLN biopsy (SLNB).

9589Background: Generally, a SLNB is offered to the patient whose likelihood of positivity is ≥ 5%. Using population-based cohorts, we sought to [1] develop and validate a predictive model to estim...
The Civic Orientation and Political Assimilation of Latino Immigrant Youth

ABSTRACTIn recent decades, the rapid and unprecedented expansion of the Latino immigrant population has dramatically reshaped the face of American society. Unfortunately, current scholarship on thi...
The Audit Pricing of Terrorism

I examine whether terrorism or the risk of future terrorism affects audit fees paid by companies around the world. In the existing audit fee literature, it is unclear how terrorism risk enters the ...
Passive Damping Optimization of the Integrated-Magnetics-Based Differential-Mode Ćuk Rectifier

Interaction of the ac-link capacitor with ac- and dc-side inductors in the Cuk converter topology introduces resonant frequency oscillations that affect the dynamic response and performance of the converter. To mitigate these effects, in this letter, a simple passive damping-based solution is employed, which is optimized both from control perspective and power loss for an integrated-magnetics-based differential-mode Cuk rectifier. An experimental prototype is developed to validate the effect of no damping versus optimized damping and its effects on the rectifier performance parameters are provided.
Structural model updating using adaptive multi-response Gaussian process meta-modeling

Abstract Finite element model updating utilizing frequency response functions as inputs is an important procedure in structural analysis, design and control. This paper presents a highly efficient framework that is built upon Gaussian process emulation to inversely identify model parameters through sampling. In particular, a multi-response Gaussian process (MRGP) meta-modeling approach is formulated that can accurately construct the error response surface, i.e., the discrepancies between the frequency response predictions and actual measurement. In order to reduce the computational cost of repeated finite element simulations, an adaptive sampling strategy is established, where the search of unknown parameters is guided by the response surface features. Meanwhile, the information of previously sampled model parameters and the corresponding errors is utilized as additional training data to refine the MRGP meta-model. Two stochastic optimization techniques, i.e., particle swarm and simulated annealing, are employed to train the MRGP meta-model for comparison. Systematic case studies are conducted to examine the accuracy and robustness of the new framework of model updating.
Model Selection With Mixed Variables on the Lasso Path

Among the most popular model selection procedures in high-dimensional regression, Lasso provides a solution path to rank the variables and determines a cut-off position on the path to select variables and estimate coefficients. In this paper, we consider variable selection from a new perspective motivated by the frequently occurred phenomenon that relevant variables are often mixed with noise variables on the solution path. We propose to characterize the positions of the first noise variable and the last relevant variable on the path. We then develop a new variable selection procedure to control over-selection of the noise variables ranking after the last relevant variable, and, at the same time, retain a high proportion of relevant variables ranking before the first noise variable. Our procedure utilizes the recently developed covariance test statistic and Q statistic in post-selection inference. In numerical examples, our method compares favorably with existing methods in selection accuracy and the ability to interpret its results.
Results from the safety lead-in for a phase II study of pembrolizumab in combination with binimetinib and bevacizumab in patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

4031Background: The majority of pts with mCRC have microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors with minimal response to PD-L1/PD-1 blockade. MEK inhibition and VEGF inhibition have immunomodulatory effects ...
CAR T Cells for Mantle Cell Lymphoma: Is it Time to Reshuffle the Deck?

In the New England Journal of Medicine, Wang et al. report favorable ZUMA-2 trial results of CAR T cells for patients with relapsed and refractory mantle cell lymphoma following prior failed Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy, with an overall response rate of 93% and an expected safety profile.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Hyphema in Patients with Sickle Cell Trait: 10-Year Experience at the Wilmer Eye Institute

Purpose To report the clinical characteristics, complications, and outcomes of hyphema in patients with sickle cell trait (SCT). Design Retrospective case series. Methods Medical records of SCT patients (confirmed by hemoglobin electrophoresis) presenting with hyphema at the Wilmer Eye Institute over 10 years (January 2008 through December 2017) were reviewed in detail. Data were collected regarding etiology, demographics, clinical course and management. Main outcome measures included intraocular pressure (IOP) and visual acuity (VA). Results A total of 14 black patients (males: 57%; median age: 20 years) were included in the study with a median follow-up of 4 months (range: 1 week to 6 years). Ten patients had traumatic hyphema with a mean presenting VA of approximately 1.10 logMAR (Snellen equivalent=20/250) and a mean presenting IOP of 40 mmHg. Nine of them required medical intervention to lower IOP, and six of them ultimately required surgical intervention, primarily in the form of anterior chamber paracentesis and/or washout. The mean time to achieve IOP control was 3 days, and the mean final VA was approximately 0.10 logMAR (Snellen Equivalent=20/25). Four patients had non-traumatic hyphema with a mean presenting VA of approximately 1.8 logMAR (Snellen equivalent=20/1260) and a mean presenting IOP of 31 mmHg. Three of them required medical intervention to lower IOP, and two of them ultimately required surgical intervention. Overall, seven patients underwent anterior chamber washout, six needed an anterior chamber paracentesis to lower the IOP, two required tube shunt placement procedures and one patient underwent a trabeculectomy. The mean time to achieve IOP control was 5 days, and the mean final VA was approximately 0.80 logMAR (Snellen equivalent=20/125). Conclusion Patients with SCT are likely to develop elevated IOP in the setting of hyphema, with a majority requiring one or more surgical interventions to achieve IOP control.
COVID-19 Solutions Are Climate Solutions: Lessons From Reusable Gowns.

The COVID-19 pandemic has laid bare the inadequacy of the U.S. healthcare system to deliver timely and resilient care. According to the American Hospital Association, the pandemic has created a $202 billion loss across the healthcare industry, forcing health care systems to lay off workers and making hospitals scramble to minimize supply chain costs. However, as the demand for personal protective equipment (PPE) grows, hospitals have sacrificed sustainable solutions for disposable options that, although convenient, will exacerbate supply strains, financial burden, and waste. We advocate for reusable gowns as a means to lower health care costs, address climate change, and improve resilience while preserving the safety of health care workers. Reusable gowns' polyester material provides comparable capacity to reduce microbial cross-transmission and liquid penetration. In addition, previous hospitals have reported a 50% cost reduction in gown expenditures after adopting reusable gowns; given the current 2000% price increase in isolation gowns during COVID-19, reusable gown use will build both healthcare resilience and security from price fluctuations. Finally, with the United States' medical waste stream worsening, reusable isolation gowns show promising reductions in energy and water use, solid waste, and carbon footprint. The gowns are shown to withstand laundering 75-100 times in contrast to the single-use disposable gown. The circumstances of the pandemic forewarn the need to shift our single-use PPE practices to standardized reusable applications. Ultimately, sustainable forms of protective equipment can help us prepare for future crises that challenge the resilience of the healthcare system.
Independent Black Institutions (IBIS) and Black Politics in the 21st Century

The conference theme: Black Power Reconceptualized , requires us to examine critical assumptions about Black Politics, derived in the 20th century, as they apply (or don't) in the 21st Century. This panel explores the conceptual and empirical role for Independent Black Institutions as they interface with actual and potential elements of Black politics in contemporary life, domestic and international. It features a roundtable of practitioners, activists, and scholars immersed in this crucial dimension of collective Black life. Participants: Pleshette Robertson, Sacramento Cultural Hub Shelby Lewis, Fulbright Scholarship Board Member William Strickland, University of Massachusetts, Amherst Boatamo Mosupyoe, California State University, Sacramento Ricky Green, California State University, Sacramento Darrell Smith, The Africa Channel David Covin (Chair), California State University, Sacramento
Drift as a driver of language change: An artificial language experiment

Over half a century ago, George Zipf observed that less frequent words tend to have entered the language more recently. Since then, corpus studies have accumulated evidence that rare words have higher rates of replacement and regularisation. Two main hypotheses have been proposed to explain this pattern: (a) less frequent words change more because deterministic selection against innovation is weaker for such words, and (b) less frequent words change more because stochastic drift is stronger in smaller populations. Here, we report an experimental test of these hypotheses. Participants were tasked with learning a miniature language consisting of two nouns and two plural markers. Nouns occurred at different frequencies and were subjected to treatments that varied drift and selection. Using a model that accounts for participant heterogeneity, we measured the rate of noun regularisation and the strength of selection and drift in participant responses. Our results indicate that the elevated rate of regularisation we observed in the low-frequency nouns was attributable to drift alone. These results add to a growing body of evidence that drift may be a major driver of language change.