cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Cdc14-release Oscillation is Separable from Cell-cycle Progression, and Modulated by Clb-Cdk

A free-running Cyclin oscillator suggests that the oscillation of Cyclin dependent kinase(Cdk) activity can lead to periodicity of cell-cycle events. In budding yeast S. cerevisiae mitotic Cyclin activity is primarily antagonised by the phosphatase Cdc14 which is released from nucleolus in late mitosis and becomes active to promote exit from mitosis. We devised a quantitative assay to study the effect of B-Cyclin on Cdc14 localization. By introducing physiological concentration of nondegradable Clb2-kd into the cell, we found that Cdc14-localization status became oscillating and uncoupled from cell-cycle progression. The frequency of this oscillation is controlled by Clb2-kd concentration, and saturated at twice the frequency of a normal cell-cycle. This observation suggests that cell-cycle progression may be controlled synergistically by kinase and phosphatase oscillators. We proposed a model for the cell-cycle-independent Cdc14 oscillation being a negative feedback oscillator involving the activation of APC-Cdh1 by Cdc14 and the subsequent degradation of polo kinase.
PS3-21: Extracting Utilization Data from Clarity into VDW Using Oracle and SAS

Background/Aims The purpose of the presentation is to demonstrate how we use SAS and Oracle to load VDW_Utilization, VDW_DX, and VDW_PX tables from Clarity at the Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) Division of Research (DOR) site.
Cognitive‐behavioral therapy in the schools: Bringing research to practice through effective implementation

A number of evidence-based, cognitive-behavioral interventions have been developed that are appropriate for use with children and adolescents in school settings. Despite the potential for these interventions to prevent or ameliorate a number of child and adolescent mental health problems, their use in schools remains low. Literature related to implementation of new programs indicates that personal, social, and organizational factors influence implementation success. What is known in general about implementation of new programs and practices, and what is known specifically about implementation of cognitive-behavioral interventions in schools, is reviewed. An examination of existing studies on implementation of cognitive-behavioral interventions in schools indicates that five factors have been found most frequently to influence implementation success: school organizational structure; program characteristics; fit with school goals, policies, and programs; training/technical assistance; and administrator support. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Accretion onto magnetized neutron stars: structure and interchange instability of a model magnetosphere.

A self-consistent model is analyzed for the spherical infall of weakly magnetized plasma into the magnetosphere of a slowly rotating, strongly magnetized neutron star. It is shown that spherical infall is probably a good approximation for X-ray sources which accrete from a stellar wind. The location of the standoff shock which halts the hypersonic infall is estimated along with the emission from the shocked layer. The location of the equilibrium magnetopause and the structure of the magnetic field within it are calculated; it is found that the magnetic poles are true cusps and that the entry of gas due to equilibrium flow across a cusp is almost certainly dominated by the interchange instability near the magnetic equator. The energy principle is applied to derive necessary conditions for the occurrence of this instability. The results indicate that the strong magnetic-pressure gradient stabilizes the gas unless moderately strong radiative cooling takes place and that the cooled plasma enters the magnetosphere as long filaments capable of moving between field lines. The rate at which the equilibrium magnetopause can 'absorb' mass and momentum is derived, the validity of the approximations employed is discussed, and the likely evolution of the sinking filaments is outlined to show that the spatial distribution of the plasma is determined mainly by the dynamics and thermodynamics of the filaments rather than the magnetic-field structure.
Ethical Ideologies and Older Consumer Perceptions of Unethical Sales Tactics

Demographic differences among consumer groups have become increasingly important to the development of marketing strategies. Marketers depend heavily on the sales force to implement strategies at the consumer level and, not surprisingly, different groups may view the salesperson’s role differently. Unfortunately, unethical sales practices targeted at various consumer groups, and especially at seniors, have been utilized as well. The purpose of this study is to provide initial empirical evidence of the ethical ideological make-up of four age segments outlined by Strauss and Howe (1991, Generations: The History of America’s Future 1584–2069, Morrow, New York) and to examine the propensity for these groups (seniors, in particular) to respond differentially to potentially unethical sales tactics. Data were collected from 179 respondents representing the four generational age groups. MANOVA revealed that the seniors in this study were distinct with respect to ethical ideology and less accepting of unethical sales tactics. Managerial implications are discussed for sales organizations to maximize their effectiveness across consumer groups.
Genetic elevation of monoamine oxidase levels in dopaminergic PC12 cells results in increased free radical damage and sensitivity to MPTP

Production of hydrogen peroxide as a by-product of the breakdown of catecholamines by the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO) has been hypothesized to contribute to the increased proclivity of dopaminergic neurons for oxidative injury. We established clonal dopaminergic PC12 cell lines which have elevated MAO activity levels resulting from transgenic expression of the B isoform of the enzyme. Both MAO-A and MAO-B have relatively equivalent affinities for dopamine, and since PC12 primarily express the A and not the B form of the enzyme, this allowed us to distinguish the transgenic MAO activity in these cells from endogenous using the MAO-B specific substrate PEA. Elevation of MAO activity levels in the MAO-B+ cells resulted in higher levels of both free radicals and free radical damage compared with controls. In addition, increased MAO-B levels within PC12 cells caused a dose-dependent increase in sensitivity to the toxin MPTP. Our data suggests that oxidation of catecholamines by MAO can contribute to free radical damage in catecholaminergic neurons and that the low MAO-B activity levels found endogenously in these cells likely accounts for their relative resistance to MPTP toxicity.
What Madness Prompts, Reason Writes: New York City: September 11-October 2, 2001.

This personal narrative describes the use of ethnographic data collection as a means for its author, a New York City resident, to take stock of local reaction and response to the events of September 11 by documenting arid analyzing the writing New Yorkers posted in public spaces during the three weeks following the attacks on the World Trade Center.
Bi-Directional Relationship Between Self-Regulation and Improved Eating: Temporal Associations With Exercise, Reduced Fatigue, and Weight Loss

ABSTRACT. Severely obese men and women (body mass index ≥ 35 ≤ 55 kg/m2; Mage = 44.8 years, SD = 9.3) were randomly assigned to a 6-month physical activity support treatment paired with either nutrition education (n = 83) or cognitive-behavioral nutrition (n = 82) methods for weight loss. Both groups had significant improvements in physical activity, fatigue, self-regulation for eating, and fruit and vegetable intake. Compared to those in the nutrition education group, participants in the behavioral group demonstrated greater overall increases in fruit and vegetable intake and physical activity. These group differences were associated with changes that occurred after Month 3. Increased physical activity predicted reduced fatigue, β = −.19, p =.01. A reciprocal relationship between the mediators of that relationship, which were changes in self-regulation and fruit and vegetable intake, was identified. There was significantly greater weight loss over six months in the behavioral nutrition group when contras...
Electro-osmosis-driven micro-channel flows: A comparative study of microscopic particle image velocimetry measurements and numerical simulations

This paper presents global and point-wise comparisons of experimental measurements and numerical simulation results of electro-osmotically driven flows in two elementary micro-channel configurations, a straight channel with a groove and a T-junction channel. The micro-channels are made by photolithography using poly-dimethylsiloxane (PDMS), a type of silicon product, which is transparent, and electro-osmotically permeable to a variety of liquids. A microscopic particle image velocimetry system has been developed to measure full field velocity distributions by tracking the fluorescence images of 500-nm diameter fluorescene dye particles. The numerical algorithm is based on a spectral element formulation of incompressible Navier–Stokes equations with electro-osmotic forcing. The algorithm utilizes modal expansions in mixed quadrilateral and triangular meshes, enabling complex geometry discretizations with spectral accuracy. Comparisons of experimental and numerical results show good agreements, validating both numerical and experimental methodologies.
Improvements in Lung Function, Exercise, and Quality of Life in Hypercapnic COPD Patients After Lung Volume Reduction Surgery

Study objective: To determine the impact of preoperative resting hypercapnia on patient outcome after bilateral lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS). Methods: We prospectively examined morbidity, mortality, quality of life (QOL), and physiologic outcome, including spirometry, gas exchange, and exercise performance in 15 patients with severe emphysema and a resting PaCO2 of > 45 mm Hg (group 1), and compared the results with those from 31 patients with a PaCO2 of < 45 mm Hg (group 2). Results: All preoperative physiologic and QOL indices were more impaired in the hypercapnic patients than in the eucapnic patients. The hypercapnic patients exhibited a lower preoperative FEV1, a lower diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide, a lower ratio of PaO2 to the fraction of inspired oxygen, a lower 6-min walk distance, and higher oxygen requirements. However, after surgery both groups exhibited improvements in FVC (group 1, p < 0.01; group 2, p < 0.001), FEV1 (group 1, p 5 0.04; group 2, p < 0.001), total lung capacity (TLC; group 1, p 5 0.02; group 2, p < 0.001), residual volume (RV; group 1, p 5 0.002; group 2, p < 0.001), RV/TLC ratio (group 1, p 5 0.03; group 2, p < 0.001), PaCO2 (group 1, p 5 0.002; group 2, p 5 0.02), 6-min walk distance (group 1, p 5 0.005; group 2, p < 0.001), oxygen consumption at peak exercise (group 1, p 5 0.02; group 2, p 5 0.02), total exercise time (group 1, p 5 0.02; group 2, p 5 0.02), and the perceived overall QOL scores (group 1, p 5 0.001; group 2, p < 0.001). However, because the magnitude of improvement was similar in both groups, and the hypercapnic group was more impaired, the spirometry, lung volumes, and 6-min walk distance remained significantly lower post-LVRS in the hypercapnic patients. There was no difference in mortality between the groups (p 5 0.9). Conclusions: Patients with moderate to severe resting hypercapnia exhibit significant improvements in spirometry, gas exchange, perceived QOL, and exercise performance after bilateral LVRS. The maximal achievable improvements in postoperative lung function are related to preoperative level of function; however, the magnitude of improvement can be expected to be similar to patients with lower resting PaCO2 levels. Patients should not be excluded from LVRS based solely on the presence of resting hypercapnia. The long-term benefit of LVRS in hypercapnic patient remains to be determined. (CHEST 1999; 115:75‐ 84)
Epigenetic stratification: the role of individual change in the biological aging process

Aging is a complex process. It consists of a diverse assortment of seemingly random manifestations that occur in the individual, the mutual relationship and impact on mortality of which is frequently obscure. We derive a simple equation to model the aging process based on scale invariant and increasing change. The solution to this equation indicates that this change itself, irrespective of its quality, is the cause and not simply the effect of aging. This model establishes loss of homeostasis as a fundamental feature of aging. The model is deterministic, but it supports the stochastic nature of age changes. Paradoxically, this model states that a sufficient augmentation of aging processes results in a lack of aging. Experimental evidence in support of this model is presented that spans the levels of population mortality rates, cellular spatial organization, and gene dysregulation.
Procedural Justice in Family Conflict Resolution and Deviant Peer Group Involvement Among Adolescents: The Mediating Influence of Peer Conflict

The involvement of adolescents with deviant peer groups is one of the strongest proximal correlates to juvenile delinquency and stems from a variety of causes. Past research has linked ineffective parenting with peer variables, including deviant peer group involvement and peer conflict during adolescence. In this study, adolescents’ appraisals of procedural justice within the family (adolescents’ appraisals of how fairly they are treated by parents in the process of resolving family conflict) were examined as one aspect of effective parenting that may relate to deviant peer group involvement in early adolescence. Data from 1660 middle school students (ages 11–14, mean = 12.6) indicated that higher appraisals by adolescents of procedural justice during family conflict resolution were related to lower levels of both peer conflict and deviant peer group involvement. A structural model was tested in which the relationship between adolescents’ appraisals of procedural justice in the family and deviant peer group involvement was partially mediated by measures of peer conflict. This model was found to have adequate fit to the data, indicating that part of the relationship between procedural justice appraisals and deviant peer group involvement can be explained by levels of peer conflict. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Studies of Intersubband Transitions in Arrays of Bi Nanowire Samples Using Optical Transmission

Abstract : This paper reports the fabrication of large diameter pores (> 150 nm) in anodic alumina that can be used to create wire arrays with significant surface effects but without significant quantum confinement. These wires therefore allow us to distinguish between optical absorption spectra features originating from quantum effects and those from surface effects. The paper presents techniques towards fabricating these bismuth wire arrays and presents optical absorption data from two bismuth nanowire arrays in the semimetal-semiconductor transition diameter regime. The results from previous publications are summarized and future directions are outlined.
An improved test for linear model validation and order selection using higher order statistics

A frequency-domain, higher order whiteness testing approach to linear model validation and order selection for non-Gaussian signals was proposed in Tugnait (1994). It involves testing for the constancy of the bispectrum of inverse filtered data. In the present paper, an improved implementation of the statistical test used previously is presented. Simulation results show better performance (higher percentage of correct order selection) of the proposed approach with shorter data records when compared with the previous implementation. >
Soft-solid deformation mechanics at the tip of an embedded needle

Motivated by a recently developed technique for measuring soft materials properties at the tip of an embedded needle [Zimberlin, et al., Soft Matter, 2007, 3, 763], the mechanics of elasticity- and surface tension-governed void growth within a neo-Hookean material is explored. Previous efforts to describe this technique relied on a hybrid spherical void/spherical cap approximation, thus assuming a spatially homogeneous deformation, i.e., no stress concentrations. We find that despite the inhomogeneities in needle-mediated growth, utilization of an areal surface stretch ratio as the deformation parameter yields good agreement between the spherical void and needle geometries.
Space closure and anchorage control

Abstract The ability to close extraction spaces preferentially is an essential skill required during orthodontic treatment. Although many approaches to space closure and anchorage control have been described, the biomechanical principles defining the nature of the force systems applied show many similarities between otherwise diverse techniques. The core concept of anchorage control is the delivery of a differential force system to the anchor teeth relative to the active teeth. Specifically, anchorage is determined by applying unequal moment-to-force ratios (M/F ratios) to each unit. This implies the use of orthodontic appliances that provide either unequal forces or unequal moments. Unequal moment force systems or differential moment force systems are an excellent means of achieving anchorage control. The fundamental concepts and clinical methods of anchorage control are described.
Social Class, Race, and Ethnicity: Career Interventions for Women Domestic Violence Survivors

This story describes a community intervention study conducted with women domestic violence survivors and a research dilemma related to the complex interrelationships between women's social class, race and ethnicity, and career development needs and experiences. The author presents diversity and research dilemmas related to facilitating women's critical consciousness of power dynamics at work in their lives. The influence of community context, career intervention curricula, and research team members' values on research decisions are described. This story highlights the importance of researchers examining their values and how those values impact the communities that they serve.
Velcade®: U.S. FDA Approval for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma Progressing on Prior Therapy

Bortezomib (formerly PS-341), a promising new drug for the treatment of multiple myeloma, recently received accelerated approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the therapy of patients with progressive myeloma after previous treatment. Two phase II studies of bortezomib used the same schedule of twice-weekly i.v. dosing for the first 2 weeks of each 3-week cycle. In a randomized study of 54 patients, two doses were compared (1.0 and 1.3 mg/m2) and objective responses occurred at both dose levels (23% versus 35%), including one complete response in each arm. In the other phase II study, 202 heavily pretreated patients (median of six prior therapies) all received the same schedule at 1.3 mg/m2. Of 188 evaluable patients, complete responses occurred in five (3%) and partial responses occurred in 47 (25%). The median duration of response was 365 days. The most clinically relevant adverse events were asthenic conditions, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, thrombocytopenia, and a peripheral neuropathy that often was painful. This report highlights the FDA analysis supporting the accelerated approval.
Correlation of maternal plasma volume and composition with amniotic fluid index in normal human pregnancy.

Objective: Early in human pregnancy, maternal plasma osmolality decreases and plasma volume begins to increase. Continued plasma volume expansion is linked to fetal fluid acquisition, and ultimately normal amniotic fluid volume. Although the mechanisms for these physiological responses are uncertain, we hypothesized that the time course of maternal plasma hypotonicity, plasma volume expansion and amniotic fluid index (AFI) were interrelated. We sought to examine these interrelationships during human pregnancy.Methods: Normal primiparous pregnant patients had monthly determinations of plasma volume using Evans blue from the second trimester to term, and 8 weeks after delivery. At each visit, fasting, morning blood samples were also drawn to measure hematocrit, osmolality, electrolytes, urea, glucose and creatinine. AFI was determined by ultrasound.Results: Plasma volume, blood volume and AFI demonstrated significant increases with advancing gestational age. There were no significant changes in plasma sodiu...
Baroclinic adjustment and midlatitude temperature profiles

A baroclinic adjustment that alters the vertical temperature structure and shows how features of the observed midlatitude temperature structure can be understood in terms of such an adjustment is presented. The formulation of the adjustment and its properties are described, giving a comparison between observed and adjusted profiles. Results from a simple model for the midlatitude atmosphere's vertical temperature structure that display such an adjustment are presented, and a comparison is made between the adjustment and two-layer model stability. The results suggest that vertical heat fluxes from baroclinically unstable waves can produce significant variations of midlatitude lapse rates in both height and time. Midlatitude models that omit these variations may be missing an important aspect of wave-mean flow interaction.
Phyutility: a phyloinformatics tool for trees, alignments and molecular data

Summary: Phyutility provides a set of phyloinformatics tools for summarizing and manipulating phylogenetic trees, manipulating molecular data and retrieving data from NCBI. Its simple command-line interface allows for easy integration into scripted analyses, and is able to handle large datasets with an integrated database. Availability: Phyutility, including source code, documentation, examples, and executables, is available at http://code.google.com/ p/phyutility
Media coverage of women in politics: The curious case of Sarah Palin

Decades of research on media coverage of the campaigns of women running for high public office have identified several patterns of gendered reporting that supposedly have discouraged citizens from voting for women candidates, discouraged them from contributing to women’s campaigns and dissuaded women from entering politics. This study examines the ways in which each of the patterns was evident in media reporting on Sarah Palin, the Republican candidate for Vice President of the United States in the 2008 election. Data reveal a mixed pattern of continuities and differences. The findings suggest that the consequences of gendered reporting may not be uniform. Rather, they can vary according to the issue or symbolic focus of a campaign, and the degree of conflict between a candidate attempting to keep reporting ‘on message’ and the commercial news media concerned with attracting a large market share.
Design of an FPGA-Based Algorithm for Real-Time Solutions of Statistics-Based Positioning

We report on the implementation of an algorithm and hardware platform to allow real-time processing of the statistics-based positioning (SBP) method for continuous miniature crystal element (cMiCE) detectors. The SBP method allows an intrinsic spatial resolution of ~1.6 mm FWHM to be achieved using our cMiCE design. Previous SBP solutions have required a postprocessing procedure due to the computation and memory intensive nature of SBP. This new implementation takes advantage of a combination of algebraic simplifications, conversion to fixed-point math, and a hierarchal search technique to greatly accelerate the algorithm. For the presented seven stage, 127 × 127 bin LUT implementation, these algorithm improvements result in a reduction from > 7 × 106 floating-point operations per event for an exhaustive search to < 5 × 103 integer operations per event. Simulations show nearly identical FWHM positioning resolution for this accelerated SBP solution, and positioning differences of <0.1 mm from the exhaustive search solution. A pipelined field programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation of this optimized algorithm is able to process events in excess of 250 K events per second, which is greater than the maximum expected coincidence rate for an individual detector. In contrast with all detectors being processed at a centralized host, as in the current system, a separate FPGA is available at each detector, thus dividing the computational load. These methods allow SBP results to be calculated in real-time and to be presented to the image generation components in real-time. A hardware implementation has been developed using a commercially available prototype board.
Study of FC M BGA with low CTE core substrate

Amkor's FCMBGA, flip chip package based on transfer molding for high performance device was developed and introduced to industry in 2008[1,2]. During the molding process, bump deformation was not significant, and voids were not observed under flip chip die. Coplanarity with a low Coefficient of Thermal Expansion, CTE, substrate construction was similar to a single piece lidded package construction. Coplanarity at high temperature did not change significantly with low CTE substrate compared to standard substrates. The flip chip package with molding passed reliability test such as Moisture Resistance Testing, MRT, and Thermal Cycling, TC 1500 cycles. No delamination or cracks were observed.
Globally optimal pose estimation from line correspondences

Correspondences between 2D lines in an image and 3D lines in the surrounding environment can be exploited to determine the camera's position and attitude (pose). In this paper, we introduce a novel approach to estimate the camera's pose by directly solving the corresponding least-squares problem algebraically. Specifically, the optimality conditions of the least-squares problem form a system of polynomial equations, which we efficiently solve through the eigendecomposition of a so-called multiplication matrix. Contrary to existing methods, the proposed algorithm (i) is guaranteed to find the globally optimal estimate in the least-squares sense, (ii) does not require initialization, and (iii) has computational cost only linear in the number of measurements. The superior performance of the proposed algorithm compared to previous approaches is demonstrated through extensive simulations and experiments.
Entry of dust particles into planetary magnetospheres

Abstract While interplanetary dust constitutes a primary source of cosmic particulate matter in planetary magnetospheres, the debris produced by its impact with small satellites and ring material provides an important secondary source. Internal processes, such as volcanic activity, particularly in the smaller satellites, could result in a third source. In the case of the terrestrial magnetosphere there are also artificial (internal) sources: 1–10μ sized Al2O3 particles injected by solid rocket mortar burns between near earth and geosynchronous orbit constitute one such source, while the fragments of larger bodies (artificial satellites) due to explosions (e.g., “killer satellites”) and collisions constitute another. Finally, if we include the purely induced cometary magnetosphere among planetary magnetospheres, the injection of cometary dust into it due to entrainment by the outflowing gases constitutes another source. As a result of being immersed in a radiative and plasma environment these dust grains get electrically charged up to some potential (positive or negative). Particularly in those regions where the magnetospheric plasma is hot and dense and their own spatial density is low, the dust grains could get charged to numerically large negative potentials. While this charging may have physical consequences for the larger grains, such as electrostatic erosion (“chipping”) and disruption, it also can effect the dynamics of the smaller grains. Indeed, the small but finite capacitance of these grains, which leads to a phase lag in the gyrophase oscillation of the grain potential, could even lead to the permanent magneto-gravitational capture of interplanetary grains within planetary magnetospheres in certain situations. Here we will review the sources of dust in planetary magnetospheres and discuss their physics and their dynamics under the combined action of both planetary gravitational and magnetospheric electromagnetic forces.
Space Age Images of the Solar System

In this chapter, we will examine the components of the solar system based on knowledge gained since the dawn of the Space Age, beginning with the launch of the first satellite, Sputnik, by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957. In the intervening years, advances in telescope design and observations made by space probes that have visited the planets have allowed us to learn about our solar system up close and personal. Although important space probes and their discoveries will be reviewed, a complete description of all successful and failed space vehicles would go beyond the scope of this chapter. For this, the reader is referred to more specialized books.
The Comparative Financial Managerial Performance of U.S. Firms and Chinese Firms

This paper evaluates the relative financial managerial performance of thirty matched-pairs of U.S. firms and Chinese (CN) firms. In this study, financial managerial performance is measured in terms of profitability, debt management, and asset management. Paired comparison is employed and eight hypotheses are tested on the basis of defined ratios. Because matched pairs are used, an appropriate test is the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranked test. All the data for the study were compiled by the author from Mergent on Line. These include the most recent five-year time-series data that were available in 2012 for all the eight ratios that were tested. The analysis presented in this paper indicates the absence of any statistically significant differences between the two sets of firms with regard to most of the ratios examined, suggesting that the U.S and the Chinese firms are similar to each other with respect to their financial managerial performance. The only exception is
Nonlinear multi-rate mpc with Large scale fundamental models:Application to a continuous kamyr digester

Given that many industries are relying more heavily on complex, fundamental process models, there exists a need to systematically incorporate these complex models into the controller design. In this work, a complex nonlinear fundamental model is used to develop an MPC controller and is applied to a nonlinear, fundamental, continuous digester “plant”.
Releasing Life’s Potential: A Pastoral Theology of Work

Following a brief discussion of Erik H. Erikson’s (1958) reflections on Martin Luther’s redefinitions of work, this article focuses on the theology of work as presented in Marie-Dominique Chenu’s (1955, 1963) The Theology of Work. It suggests that Chenu’s theology of work provides a valuable foundation for a pastoral theology of work in that it emphasizes the role of work in releasing the potentialities inherent in the material world and in the individual who is engaged in this creative process. It notes Chenu’s emphasis on the historical transformation from a craft-oriented to a machine-oriented work environment, on the emergence of a conscious awareness among humans of the effects of work, on Christian understandings of humans as co-creators with God, on humans’ creative role in the transformation of the material world, on the role grace plays in the creative process, and on the role of work in human liberation.
Class I Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Exerts a Differential Role on Cell Survival and Cell Trafficking in Retina

Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are a family of lipid kinases that phosphorylates the 3’OH of the inositol ring of phosphoinositides. They are responsible for coordinating a diverse range of cell functions including proliferation, cell survival, degranulation, vesicular trafficking, and cell migration. The PI 3-kinases are grouped into three distinct classes: I, II, and III. Class III PI3K has been shown to be involved in intracellular protein trafficking, whereas class I PI3K is known to regulate cell survival following activation of cell surface receptors. However, studies from our laboratory and others have shown that class I PI3K may also be involved in photoreceptor protein trafficking. Therefore, to learn more about the role of class I and class III P13K in trafficking and to understand the impact of the lipid content of trafficking cargo vesicles, we developed a methodology to isolate trafficking vesicles from retinal tissue. PI3K class I and III proteins were enriched in our extracted trafficking vesicle fraction. Moreover, levels of ether phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and ether phosphatidylcholine (PC) were significantly higher in the trafficking vesicle fraction than in total retina. These two lipid classes have been suggested to be involved with fusion/targeting of trafficking vesicles.
The modularity debate in evolutionary psychology

The adherence of evolutionary psychology (EP) to the massive modularity thesis has generated considerable controversy. Barrett and Kurzban argue that much of the debate is misplaced because critics...
Neutrino floor at ultralow threshold

By lowering their energy threshold, direct dark matter searches can reach the neutrino floor with experimental technology that is now in development. The $^{7}\mathrm{Be}$ flux can be detected with $\ensuremath{\sim}10\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{eV}$ nuclear recoil energy threshold and 50 kg/yr exposure. The $pep$ flux can be detected with $\ensuremath{\sim}3$ ton/yr exposure, and the first detection of the CNO flux is possible with similar exposure. The $pp$ flux can be detected with threshold of $\ensuremath{\sim}\mathrm{eV}$ and only $\ensuremath{\sim}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{kg}/\mathrm{yr}$ exposure. These can be the first pure neutral current measurements of the low-energy solar neutrino flux. Measuring this flux is important for low mass dark matter searches and for understanding the solar interior.
A new model for realistic random perturbations of stochastic oscillators

Abstract Classical theories predict that solutions of differential equations will leave any neighborhood of a stable limit cycle, if white noise is added to the system. In reality, many engineering systems modeled by second order differential equations, like the van der Pol oscillator, show incredible robustness against noise perturbations, and the perturbed trajectories remain in the neighborhood of a stable limit cycle for all times of practical interest. In this paper, we propose a new model of noise to bridge this apparent discrepancy between theory and practice. Restricting to perturbations from within this new class of noise, we consider stochastic perturbations of second order differential systems that –in the unperturbed case– admit asymptotically stable limit cycles. We show that the perturbed solutions are globally bounded and remain in a tubular neighborhood of the underlying deterministic periodic orbit. We also define stochastic Poincare map(s), and further derive partial differential equations for the transition density function.
Molecular Cloning and Sequence Analysis of J-chain in the Reptile Elaphe Taeniura

The plasma cell produces the J-chain,which is a 15-kDa glycoprotein that covalently associates by disulfide linkages with polymeric IgA and IgM.Through the linkage between J-chain and the caudal cysteines of Ig,the polymerization process could startover.This study cloned the J-chain gene in Elaphe taeniura(hereinafter referred to as snake)and analyzed the expression levels of it in different tissues.In line with other species,the cysteine residues used to form disulfide linkages are highly conserved in the snake J-chain gene;Quantitative real-time PCR showed that the J-chain gene was highly expressed in the spleen and intestine,which is in accordance with other immunoglobulin genes.The cloning of the snake Jchain gene laid a good foundation for researching the polymeric immunoglobulins in snakes.
Identification of Follicular T Helper Cells in Tissue Sections

Follicular T helper (Tfh) cells are a critical population of CD4 T helper cells that are primarily localized in the germinal centers (GCs) to help B cell maturation and antibody production. Tfh cells can be identified in tissue sections based on the expression of a panel of classical Tfh surface makers, transcription marker(s), and effector-function cytokines, as well as by their unique anatomic proximity to other GC cells, including follicular dendritic cells (FDC) and GC B cells. Here, we describe an immunofluorescence staining method for visualization of GC Tfh cells in frozen spleen tissue sections of the autoimmune BXD2 mouse using a confocal imaging strategy. Tfh cells were characterized based on the expression of CD4, CXCR5, Bcl6, IL-21, and IL-17.
The Syndrome of Dysuria and Hematuria in Pediatric Urinary Reconstruction with Stomach

AbstractBetween July 1989 and March 1992 at a single institution 27 male and 30 female patients underwent lower urinary reconstruction with stomach. Mean patient age was 9.9 years (range 1.5 to 28 years). The diagnoses were epispadias/exstrophy complex (19 patients), myelodysplasia (11), cloacal exstrophy (6), posterior urethral valves (6), Hinman syndrome (4), sacral agenesis (3) and other (8). Indications for surgery were urinary incontinence, upper tract deterioration or undiversion. A total of 54 patients underwent augmentation gastrocystoplasty and 3 had total bladder replacement. Mean followup time was 23.2 months (range 12 to 39 months).The syndrome of dysuria and hematuria is defined as 1 or a combination of the following symptoms: bladder spasm or suprapubic, penile or periurethral pain, coffee brown or bright red hematuria without infections, skin irritation or excoriation and dysuria without infections. Telephone and clinic interviews identified 21 patients (36%) with symptoms of the dysuria an...
Discriminators of perceived dietary adequacy among the rural elderly.

The importance of psychological well-being to perceived diet adequacy should not be underestimated by persons concerned with improving the quality of older adults’ nutrition.
How dangerous is truth in employment references

For many years the amount of information flowing in employment references diminished in reaction to threats of legal action caused by a growing number of laws protecting individual rights. The result was that many organizations would share little or no reference information. In recent years, however, a new threat has arisen: the spectre of legal action for negligent hiring stemming from an organization's failure to fully check job candidates' backgrounds. Therefore, a sensible and responsible approach to reference checking is needed, applying to both requesting and dispensing information, in which information that flows is based on job performance and compliance with policy and is objective, verifiable, and furnished without malice or bias.
Improving Hierarchical Models Using Historical Data with Applications in High-Throughput Genomics Data Analysis

Modern high-throughput biotechnologies such as microarray and next generation sequencing produce a massive amount of information for each sample assayed. However, in a typical high-throughput experiment, only limited amount of data are observed for each individual feature, thus the classical 'large p, small n' problem. Bayesian hierarchical model, capable of borrowing strength across features within the same dataset, has been recognized as an effective tool in analyzing such data. However, the shrinkage effect, the most prominent feature of hierarchical features, can lead to undesirable over-correction for some features. In this work, we discuss possible causes of the over-correction problem and propose several alternative solutions. Our strategy is rooted in the fact that in the Big Data era, large amount of historical data are available which should be taken advantage of. Our strategy presents a new framework to enhance the Bayesian hierarchical model. Through simulation and real data analysis, we demonstrated superior performance of the proposed strategy. Our new strategy also enables borrowing information across different platforms which could be extremely useful with emergence of new technologies and accumulation of data from different platforms in the Big Data era. Our method has been implemented in R package "adaptiveHM", which is freely available from https://github.com/benliemory/adaptiveHM.
Biology of restenosis and targets for intervention

INTRODUCTION Restenosis is usually defined as a re-narrowing of the arterial lumen occurring after a vascular intervention intended to treat ischemic lesions. This loss of lumen area results from the injury caused by all forms of vascular intervention, including direct repair (patch angioplasty, endarterectomy) and intraluminal approaches (balloon angioplasty, atherectomy, stent angioplasty). While there are clear differences between arteries and veins (review in), this review will also include discussion of stenosis after vein bypass grafting or creation of arteriovenous fistula dialysis access because stenosis in these cases also results from injury. Lumen enlargement after angioplasty or stenting is the result of a combination of plaque reduction (compression and embolization), plaque redistribution within or outside the lesion area, and vessel expansion (see review). Failure occurs at early times because of technical problems and thrombosis (e.g. small diameter vein graft, limited out-flow, or hypercoagulability) and later times (1-18 months) primarily because of injury-induced scarring. At much later times (> 18 months), failure primarily results from the ongoing atherosclerotic process. Although restenosis occurs within the con- text of atherosclerosis, the clinical features and genetic control of atherosclerosis and restenosis are different. Atherosclerosis develops slowly over decades, while restenosis occurs within months to years. The costs of restenosis are considerable, since greater than 20% of all interventions fail because of restenosis. In the U.S. alone, it is estimated that as many as 200,000 cases of drug eluting stent (DES) restenosis occur every year (see review).
P122 In vivo bronchoscopic optical coherence tomography for low risk microscopic diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, fatal interstitial lung disease (ILD) that requires diagnostic certainty to stratify prognosis and therapeutic decision-making, especially in light of available therapies that slow disease progression. Approximately 50% of patients require invasive surgery for diagnosis to resect tissue and look for microscopic features not …
Multimodel quantitative analysis of somatosensory evoked potentials after cardiac arrest with graded hypothermia

Cardiac arrest (CA) is one of the most prominent causes of morbidity and mortality in adults. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is a recommended treatment to improve survival and functional outcome following CA, however, it is unclear what degree of TH is most beneficial. It has been suggested that TH of 33°C provides no survival or outcome benefits over TH of 36°C. Additionally, there is a lack of verified objective quantitative prognostic tools for comatose CA patients under TH. In this study, we calculated three quantitative markers of somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP) to examine their potential to track recovery in the early period following CA under graded TH. A total of 16 rats were randomly divided among 4 temperature groups (n=4/group): normothermia (N0, 36.5–37.5°C), hypothermia 1 (H1, 30–32°C), hypothermia 2 (H2, 32–34°C) and hypothermia 3 (H3, 34–36°C). All rats underwent a 15min baseline SSEP recording followed by 9min asphyxial-CA, resulting in severe cerebral injury, and immediate temperature management following resuscitation for 6 hours. SSEP recordings were maintained in 15 min intervals from 30min-4hrs after resuscitation. The N10 amplitude, N10 latency and quantitative SSEP phase space area (qSSEP-PSA) were calculated for the early recovery period and normalized to their respective baselines. Functional recovery was determined by the neurological deficit scale (NDS). N10 amplitude was significantly larger in H1, H2 and H3 compared to N0. N10 latency was significantly longer in H1 than all temperature groups and all hypothermia groups had significantly longer latencies than N0. qSSEP-PSA had significantly better recovery in H1 and H2 than N0. Animals with good outcome (72hr NDS>50) had better recovery of all markers. N10 amplitude was significantly correlated with N10 latency and qSSEP-PSA. The results importantly demonstrate that quantified SSEPs have the potential to objectively track recovery following CA with graded TH.
Long-Term Outcome in Patients With Transient Global Amnesia: A Population-Based Study

Objective To study the long-term risk of cerebrovascular events, seizures, and cognitive impairment in patients with transient global amnesia (TGA).
My News Feed is Filtered

Personalization algorithms, widely used by digital media sources, filter and prioritize news in ways that may not be apparent to users. Savvy media consumers should be aware of how this technology ...
Classification and Prediction of Antimicrobial Peptides Using N-gram Representation and Machine Learning

Current antibiotic treatments for infectious diseases are drastically losing effectiveness, as the organisms they target have developed resistance to the drugs over time. In the United States, antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections annually result in more than 23,000 deaths, the morbidity rates are much higher. A promising alternative to current antibiotic treatments are antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), short sequences of amino acid residues that have been experimentally identified to inhibit the propagation of pathogens. In this study, we demonstrated that an N-gram representation of AMP sequences using reduced amino acid alphabet combined with machine learning (ML) methods provide a simple and efficient AMP classification with performance comparable to the more complex algorithms. All AMP sequences were retrieved from public data sources. Our AMP set consists of 7760 sequences, regardless of AMP subclass. We also used class-specific AMP sets (antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and antiparasitic). We created a raw negative set consisting of 20258 non-antimicrobial peptides (non-AMPs) using sequence fragments from annotated protein sequence databases. Models for all AMP against non-AMP sequences classification achieved a maximum accuracy of 85.0% using frequency N-gram analysis, and the RF model with 10-fold cross-validation. The datasets ranged from 200 to 7760 sequences per class. Classification using more specific classes of AMPs was conducted next. First, classification of ABPs against non-ABP sequences achieved an accuracy of up to 100% depending on a ML algorithm and alphabet reduction used. ABP against AVP sequences classification yielded a maximum accuracy of 81.8% AVP against non-AVP - 80.7% and AVP against AFP - 80.5%. The common trends present across multiple experiment series include the following: Random Forest frequently outperforms other algorithms. The optimal size of the reduced alphabet is either 3 or 4 letters. Reduction to 2 letters leads to a significant drop in accuracy, reduction to 5 or more letters does not provide any noticeable gains in classification accuracy. The results of this study indicate that N-gram based classification of AMPs is a promising approach with a strong potential for providing important insights into understanding AMP mechanisms and computationally designing new AMPs.