cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Counterfactuals in financial decision making

Abstract The experiment reported here tested hypotheses derived from Norm Theory (Kahneman and Miller 1986) in the realistic domain of futures trading. Results support the literature on expectancy and attributional judgment. Outcomes which are judged as unexpected lead investors to construct counterfactuals involving improvements in their past actions more so than counterfactuals eliminating adverse aspects of the market. Subjects were more likely to create counterfactuals by altering effects than by varying causes, and by altering exceptional rather than routine elements in scenarios. Theoretical and practical implications for financial decision making are discussed. We evaluate the effect of variable mutability on market feedback, post-decision processing and learning for future decisions, and the problem of escalating commitment.
The Relationship between Meteorological Parameters and Daily Summer Rainfall Amount and Coverage in West-Central Florida

Abstract Considerable daily variations of summer convective rainfall average areal coverage and rainfall amount were identified in west-central Florida for the period May–September 1997–2000 using a 29-site rainfall network. Pearson correlation coefficients identified the correlations to each from among 16 parameters that can be extracted directly from the 1200 UTC radiosonde data at Ruskin, Florida, and that represent moisture, stability/temperature, and flow. The highest correlations were with all of the moisture parameters—precipitable water, minimum theta- e temperature, wet-bulb zero pressure, and average dewpoints in various layers from the 850- to 500-mb height level. Multiple linear regression analysis produced a separate prediction equation each for average areal coverage and rainfall amount, which were tested on independent data from May to September 2001. Reliable predictions of the trend direction and magnitude of the change from the observed value of the previous day occurred about 75% of the...
Advancement, voluntary turnover and women in IT: A cognitive study of work-family conflict

We used quality of work life theory and the causal mapping method to evoke the concepts and linkages of women's cognitions about work-family conflict in order to better understand the issues contributing to advancement barriers and voluntary turnover of women in IT. The major concepts (Managing Family Responsibilities, Work Stress, Work Schedule Flexibility, and Job Qualities) were found to not only impact each other but also were key factors influencing women's advancement opportunities and voluntary turnover. Organizations may use these insights to mitigate voluntary turnover and increase workforce diversity by addressing female IT professionals' concerns regarding work-family conflict issues.
Determination of shallow minority‐acceptor concentration in multiply doped silicon

A method is presented, based on photothermal ionization spectroscopy (PTIS), for determining the shallow minority‐acceptor concentration in multiply doped silicon, over the concentration range 1013/cm3–1015/cm3. The method is an extension of a model developed previously for the PTIS response in a multiply doped semiconductor, which accounts for the experimentally observed change in signature, from negative to positive, of the lower‐energy lines of the deeper acceptor as the temperature is increased. It uses a calculated curve of the dependence on the shallow‐acceptor concentration of the temperature at which the change in signature occurs, for a given line, and compares it to a determination of this temperature from actual spectra for the sample. The method is applied to the determination of boron concentration in the Si(Ga,B) system.
Electron Beam - Directed Vapor Deposition of Multifunctional Structures

Multifunctional structures are those that combine load bearing support in addition to supplemental functions such as actuation, electrochemical energy storage or thermal management. Electron beam - directed vapor deposition (EB- DVD) technology has been used for the deposition of templated cellular structures for micro heat-pipe structures and porous electrode coatings for rechargeable nickel - metal hydride cells. In addition to load bearing support, the tem- plated cellular structures exhibit enhanced thermal management characteristics and the electrochemical cells can be integrated into the load bearing supports of linear and truss based structures leading to their multifunctionality. Dur- ing EB-DVD, the electron beam evaporated vapor flux is encompassed by a rarefied transonic inert gas jet, entraining the vapor in a non-reactive gas flow and transporting it onto a polymer or metal template structure. Here, EB-DVD technology has been used to synthesize copper based templated cellular structures for thermal management systems and porous nickel coatings for the positive electrode of rechargeable nickel - metal hydride cells.
Cytoplasmic PELP1 and ERRgamma Protect Human Mammary Epithelial Cells from Tam-Induced Cell Death

Tamoxifen (Tam) is the only FDA-approved chemoprevention agent for pre-menopausal women at high risk for developing breast cancer. While Tam reduces a woman's risk of developing estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer, the molecular mechanisms associated with risk reduction are poorly understood. Prior studies have shown that cytoplasmic proline, glutamic acid and leucine rich protein 1 (PELP1) promotes Tam resistance in breast cancer cell lines. Herein, we tested for PELP1 localization in breast epithelial cells from women at high risk for developing breast cancer and found that PELP1 was localized to the cytoplasm in 36% of samples. In vitro, immortalized HMECs expressing a nuclear localization signal (NLS) mutant of PELP1 (PELP1-cyto) were resistant to Tam-induced death. Furthermore, PELP1-cyto signaling through estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRγ) promoted cell survival in the presence of Tam. Overexpression of ERRγ in immortalized HMECs protected cells from Tam-induced death, while knockdown of ERRγ sensitized PELP1-cyto expressing HMECs to Tam. Moreover, Tam-induced HMEC cell death was independent of apoptosis and involved accumulation of the autophagy marker LC3-II. Expression of PELP1-cyto and ERRγ reduced Tam-induced LC3-II accumulation, and knockdown of ERRγ increased LC3-II levels in response to Tam. Additionally, PELP1-cyto expression led to the upregulation of MMP-3 and MAOB, known PELP1 and ERRγ target genes, respectively. Our data indicate that cytoplasmic PELP1 induces signaling pathways that converge on ERRγ to promote cell survival in the presence of Tam. These data suggest that PELP1 localization and/or ERRγ activation could be developed as tissue biomarkers for Tam responsiveness.
Two Minimum Three Step Search algorithm for motion estimation of images from moving IR camera

This paper proposes a Two Minimum Three Step Search (2MN3SS) block matching algorithm that improves the estimation accuracy and retains the simplicity of the Three Step Search (3SS) algorithm. Motion estimation using Full Search (FS) algorithm is computationally extensive. Other previously proposed algorithms reduce the computation by limiting the number of search points at the cost of higher distortion in compensated image. Our proposed algorithm requires higher search points but provides better estimation accuracy compared to three other different types of block matching algorithms such as 3SS, NTSS, and 4SS. The experiments performed on night stare images from IR camera show the robustness and better error performance of the proposed approach.
Commercialization of world's first piezomems resonators for high performance timing applications

We present in this paper IDT's efforts and progress in the development and commercialization of world's first piezoelectric MEMS resonators for high performance timing applications. IDT's pMEMS™ resonators consist of a piezoelectric material on a single-crystal silicon layer substrate. Based on pMEMS™ technology, IDT is now shipping world's lowest jitter MEMS Oscillators with less than 0.3ps RMS jitter (12kHz to 20MHz). In addition, pMEMS™ oscillators have demonstrated great long term frequency stability and immunity to shock / vibration testing.
Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency: A Kuhnian paradigm shift or another fad?

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic demyelinating disorder affecting the brain, spinal cord and optic nerves. Although the cause of multiple sclerosis is unknown, pathologic studies suggest that the patient’s immune system inappropriately attacks the myelin sheath covering axons. All currently
Latitudinal Gradient of Floristic Condition Among Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands

ABSTRACT Coastal wetland vegetation along the Great Lakes differs strongly with latitude, but most studies of Great Lakes wetland condition have attempted to exclude the effect of latitude to discern anthropogenic effects on condition. We developed an alternative approach that takes advantage of the strong relationship between latitude and coastal wetland floristic condition. Latitude was significantly correlated with 13 of 37 environmental variables tested, including growing degree days, agriculture, atmospheric deposition, nonpoint-source pollution, and soil texture, which suggests that latitude is a good proxy for several environmental drivers of vegetation. Using data from 64 wetlands along the U.S. coast of Lakes Huron, Michigan, Erie, and Ontario, we developed linear regressions between latitude and two measures of floristic condition, the Floristic Quality Index (FQI, adj. r2= 0.437, p<0.001) and the first axis scores from a non-metric multidimensional scaling of wetland plant cover (MDS1, adj. r2 ...
Three-dimensional functional magnetic resonance imaging of human brain on a clinical 1.5-T scanner.

Abstract Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a tool for mapping brain function that utilizes neuronal activity-induced changes in blood oxygenation. An efficient three-dimensional fMRI method is presented for imaging brain activity on conventional, widely available, 1.5-T scanners, without additional hardware. This approach uses large magnetic susceptibility weighting based on the echo-shifting principle combined with multiple gradient echoes per excitation. Motor stimulation, induced by self-paced finger tapping, reliably produced significant signal increase in the hand region of the contralateral primary motor cortex in every subject tested.
Evaluation of reference genes for real-time quantitative PCR studies in Candida glabrata following azole treatment

Background The selection of stable and suitable reference genes for real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) is a crucial prerequisite for reliable gene expression analysis under different experimental conditions. The present study aimed to identify reference genes as internal controls for gene expression studies by RT-qPCR in azole-stimulated Candida glabrata.
New Tetragonal Structure Type for A*2*Ca*10*Sb*9* (A=Li, Mg). Electronic Variability around a Zintl Phase

The phases LiMgCa(10)Sb(9) (1), Mg(2)Ca(10)Sb(9) (2), and Li(1.38(2))Ca(10.62)Sb(9) (3) have been synthesized by high-temperature solid-state means and characterized by single-crystal means and property measurements. These occur in space group P4(2)/mnm, Z = 4, with a = 11.8658(5), 11.8438(6), 11.9053(7) Angstroms and c = 17.181(2), 17.297(2), 17.152(2) Angstroms, respectively. The two types of A atoms occupy characteristic sites in a Ca-Sb network that contains a 5:2 proportion of (formal) Sb(3-) and Sb(2)(4-) anions and can be described in terms of two slab types stacked along [001]. Bonding appears to be strong in these salts with generally normal distances and high coordination numbers except for the 4-bonded atoms in a C(2)(v) position for the second type of A that is occupied by Li, Mg or Ca(0.62(2))Li(0.38), respectively. The three compounds are, respectively, an ideal electron-precise Zintl phase, one e(-)-rich and 0.40(4) e(-)-short per formula unit. The LiMgCa(10)Sb(9) compound is correspondingly diamagnetic and presumably a semiconductor.
Mortality of atomic bomb survivors predicted from laboratory animals

Exposure, pathology and mortality data for mice, dogs and humans were examined to determine whether accurate interspecies predictions of radiation-induced mortality could be achieved. The analyses revealed that (1) days of life lost per unit dose can be estimated for a species even without information on radiation effects in that species, and (2) accurate predictions of age-specific radiation-induced mortality in beagles and the atomic bomb survivors can be obtained from a dose-response model for comparably exposed mice. These findings illustrate the value of comparative mortality analyses and the relevance of animal data to the study of human health effects.
Placental growth modification during pregnancy in the rat.

Placental weight increased from 93 mg on day 14 of rat pregnancy to 454 mg on day 21. The organ growth resulted in an increase in total protein, DNA, RNA and ribosomal RNA which was progressive on days 16, 18 and 21, except for DNA which did not increase after day 18. Administration of estrone (0.5 μg) and progesterone (4.0 mg) daily beginning on day 3 had no effect on placental growth or composition with the exception of ribosomal RNA concentration which was increased (day 18 and 21). Ovariectomy on day 10 in steroid treated rats enhanced placental growth rate. The enlarged placentae contained more protein and nucleic acids as well as more free and bound ribosomal RNA. Despite placental overgrowth, fetal weight and number were not influenced.(Endocrinology 95: 632, 1974)
Pathogenesis of Intestinal and Systemic Rotavirus Infection

Rotaviruses are responsible for significant gastrointestinal disease, primarily in children <5 years of age and the young of other mammalian species. Each year rotaviruses cause approximately 111 million episodes of gastroenteritis in children, which result in 25 million visits to clinics, 2 million
Complex Singular Value Decomposition Analysis of Equatorial Waves in the Pacific Observed by TOPEX/Poseidon Altimeter

Abstract The mean of the sea level deviation data derived from the TOPEX/Poseidon altimeter in the equatorial Pacific, between 10°S and 10°N, and between 120°E and 78°W, from cycles 2 to 136 (3 October 1992–2 June 1996), are extracted using a maximum–minimum average method. Then, two-dimensional (2D) sea level deviation time series are developed to visualize the dynamics of equatorial waves. The complex singular value decomposition (CSVD) method is applied to decompose these 2D time series into empirical orthogonal modes. Using this method, zonal and meridional structures, propagation directions, periods, and propagation speeds of these empirical modes are obtained. The first empirical mode is propagating westward, and its structure is asymmetric to the equator. It has an average phase speed c = −0.6 m s−1 within 4°–6°N and c = −0.4 m s−1 within 6°–8°S, respectively, and a period of 15 months, which is associated with an interannual Rossby wave. The second empirical mode is propagating eastward along the ...
“Our commonality is our past:” a qualitative analysis of re-entry community health workers’ meaningful experiences

Re-entry community health workers (CHWs) are individuals who connect diverse community residents at risk for chronic health issues such as Hepatitis C virus and cardiovascular disease with post-prison healthcare and re-entry services. While the utilization of CHWs has been documented in other marginalized populations, there is little knowledge surrounding the work of re-entry CHWs with individuals released from incarceration. Specifically, CHWs’ experiences and perceptions of the uniqueness of their efforts to link individuals to healthcare have not been documented systematically. This study explored what is meaningful to formerly incarcerated CHWs as they work with released individuals. The authors conducted a qualitative thematic analysis of twelve meaningful experiences written by re-entry CHWs employed by the Transitions Clinic Network who attended a CHW training program during a conference in San Francisco, CA. Study participants were encouraged to recount meaningful CHW experiences and motivations for working with re-entry populations in a manner consistent with journal-based qualitative analysis techniques. Narratives were coded using an iterative process and subsequently organized according to themes in ATLAS.ti. Study personnel came to consensus with coding and major themes. The narratives highlighted thought processes and meaning related to re-entry CHWs’ work helping patients navigate complex social services for successful re-integration. Six major themes emerged from the analysis: advocacy and support, empathy relating to a personal history of incarceration, giving back, professional satisfaction and responsibilities, resiliency and educational advancement, and experiences of social inequities related to race. Re-entry CHWs described former incarceration, employment, and social justice as sources of meaning for assisting justice-involved individuals receive effective, efficient, and high-quality healthcare. Health clinics for individuals released from incarceration provide a unique setting that links high risk patients to needed care and professionalizes career opportunities for formerly incarcerated re-entry CHWs. The commonality of past correctional involvement is a strong indicator of the meaning and perceived effectiveness re-entry CHWs find in working with individuals leaving prison. Expansion of reimbursable visits with re-entry CHWs in transitions clinics designed for re-entering individuals is worthy of further consideration.
Designing Optimal Models of Financial Regulation in a Changing Financial Environment (II)

Consolidating on a choice selection of chapters from its predecessor volume, “Designing Optimal Models of Financial Regulation in a Changing Financial Environment” – as well as conference presentations and recent global developments, this volume specifically addresses and recommends optimal models of financial regulation – not only in the post crisis financial and regulatory environment in Europe, but also with respect to the regulatory environment and corporate governance structures in China, India, Japan, the United States of America – to name a few of the selected jurisdictions. It also considers the future of financial services in the European Union – following the pre-crisis revolution and financial developments which were heralded by many Scandinavian countries in adopting a model of unified services supervision.Developments which have prompted a move by some jurisdictions from the pre-crisis unified model of financial supervision to twin peak models of financial supervision are also considered in this respect. In highlighting and accounting for why certain jurisdictions had to adopt a move from the unified model of financial supervision to twin peak models of financial supervision, this volume not only recommends optimal models for the future and evolving financial environment, but also considers the role which jurisdictions such as South Africa, Malaysia and Australia are playing in the current financial environment.The role of emerging economies is also considered in light of current global economic developments. As highlighted in the prelude to the first volume, which consolidates on the 2015 Tulane Law Symposium, “The Promise and Perils of Convergence in Financial Regulation and Consumer Protection”.- Given the present volatile financial environment, investors have every right to be concerned with global developments which are contributing to turmoil in financial markets – global developments such as the slowdown in China’s economy, the slump in oil prices, as well as a lack of consensus among major leading economies in respect of monetary policy decisions such as inflation targeting.
Abstract 3277: Pifithrin-α and veliparib synergize in the sensitization of p53 wild-type ovarian cells to cisplatin therapy.

Objectives. Veliparib (ABT), a PARP1/2 inhibitor, has been studied in ovarian adenocarcinoma treatment, particularly in conjunction with platinum therapy, and sensitizes cells to cisplatin (Cis). Pifithrin-α (PFT), a transcriptional inhibitor of p53, sensitizes p53 wild-type ovarian cancer cells to antimicrotubule agent-induced apoptosis. No studies have evaluated the interaction of PFT with platinum drugs or PARP inhibitors. We evaluated the potential synergistic interactions between PFT and ABT/Cis in p53 intact ovarian cancer cells. Methods. We conducted clonogenic assays using BG-1, a human ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line with WT p53 activity. Cells were seeded in 6-well plates and, after 24 hours, treated with combinations of 5μM PFT and multiple doses of ABT and Cis. After 8 days, colony counts were obtained with automated GelDoc software. To identify synergistic interactions, Combination Indices (CI) were calculated with Calcusyn software. Results. At the lowest dose of Cis (0.625μM), relative cell survival is 60.4% with Cis-PFT, 64.9% with Cis-ABT, and 24.5% with Cis-ABT-PFT. At the highest dose (10μM), relative cell survival is 34.3% with Cis-PFT, 5.25% with Cis-ABT, and 0.85% with Cis-ABT-PFT. At low concentrations of Cis, Cis-PFT showed mild to moderate antagonism. At Cis concentrations >2.5μM, moderate synergism developed. At all concentrations, PFT-ABT showed moderate to strong antagonism. Cis-ABT-PFT showed moderate to strong synergism at all concentrations. Conclusions. PFT sensitizes BG-1 cells to Cis in a dose dependent pattern, improving synergism at increasing doses of both Cis and PFT. In contrast, PFT shows marked antagonism to the cytotoxic effects of ABT, independent of ABT dose. The combination of ABT+PFT shows strong, dose-independent synergism in the sensitization of BG-1 cells to Cis and significantly reduces relative survival, suggesting the potential for improved tumor control at reduced doses of cisplatin in p53 WT ovarian cancer. Citation Format: Margaret Whicker, Brian Liang, Z. Ping Lin, Alan Sartorelli, Elena Ratner. Pifithrin-α and veliparib synergize in the sensitization of p53 wild-type ovarian cells to cisplatin therapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3277. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3277
Characterization of Kinetic Mechanisms of Three-component Photoinitiator Systems for Visible-light Free Radical Polymerizations

Three-component photoinitiator systems generally include a light-absorbing photosensitizer (PS), an electron donor and an electron acceptor, which is usually an onium salt. To investigate the key factors involved with visible-light free radical polymerizations of three-component photoinitiators, we used thermodynamic feasibility and kinetic considerations with three-component photoinitiator systems containing either rose bengal (RB) or fluorescein (FL) as the photosensitizer. The Rhem-Weller equation was used to verify the thermodynamic feasibility for the photo-induced electron transfer reaction. Using the thermodynamic feasibility, we suggest three different kinetic mechanisms, which are i) photo-reducible series mechanism, ii) photo-oxidizable series mechanism and iii) parallel-series mechanism.
Comparison of Genetic Variation in Two Carabid Beetles (Coleoptera) of Differing Vagility

Amount and geographic pattern of genetic variation as measured by horizontal starch-gel electrophoresis are compared in the fully winged Platynus tenuicollis LeConte and the wingless P. angustatus Dejean. P. tenuicollis samples exhibit Wright's F ST values significantly greater than zero at 10 of 19 polymorphic loci, whereas P. angustatus samples have 14 of 20 polymorphic loci with significant F ST values. The clinal transition in allelic frequencies observed across the five P. tenuicollis samples suggests a pattern of steppingstone gene flow, and isolation of populations by distance. Allelic frequencies in five samples of P. angustatus are correlated with altitude. This altitudinal correlation is also observed in beetle morphology, suggesting that variation within P. angustatus is attributable to altitudinally related factors. The erratic gene frequency distribution in this species, and heterozygote deficiency within sample sites, suggests very low levels of gene flow among adjacent populations and inbreeding within populations. Flight wing loss is considered a powerful specialization that can enhance localized adaptation.
Priority in Family Names and Related Matters.

What would we say if some iconoclast in nomenclature should promulgate the dictum that the type of each genus must be the earliest described species now included in that genus? But when we stop to think of it that would be no more revolutionary than Kirkaldy’s scheme to make the earliest described genus in each family the type genus of that family and when necessary to rename the family so it shall bear the name of such genus; a scheme, strange to say, that has had a considerable following among continental Hemipterists. Kirkaldy was led to his action through his efforts to restrict the limits of certain of the families of the earlier writers on Hemiptera and to use the names already applied for his new family concepts. Had he adopted instead the “historical method” used by him in naming genotypes and treated family names by the same rule he applied to generic names most of his difficulties would have vanished at once.
Direct evaluation of the microvascular actions of ANP in juxtamedullary nephrons

The renal vascular actions of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) remain incompletely understood. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of ANP on microvascular structures of the normal kidney. The in vitro blood-perfused juxtamedullary nephron technique was utilized to allow visualization of arcuate arteries and afferent and efferent arterioles. Donor rats were pretreated with captopril to eliminate possible interactions between angiotensin II and atriopeptin III (AP III). The effects of topical administration of 3 nM AP III were determined by videometric analysis of vessel inside diameters. Under control conditions, arcuate arterial diameter averaged 83 +/- 14 microns (n = 7), afferent arteriolar diameter was 20 +/- 4 microns (n = 7), and efferent arteriolar diameter was 16 +/- 2 microns (n = 7). During superfusion with AP III, arcuate arteries and afferent arterioles dilated 73 +/- 9 and 23 +/- 5%, respectively. Both returned to their control values when AP III was removed from the superfusate. Further experiments on arcuate arteries (n = 5) revealed that 0.3 nM AP III also vasodilated these vessels (26 +/- 9%); however, no significant effect was elicited by 0.03 nM AP III. In contrast to the vasodilator influence of AP III on preglomerular vessels, efferent arteriolar diameter was not altered by AP III exposure. These observations reveal that AP III can induce selective preglomerular vasodilation involving arcuate arteries as well as afferent arterioles, while efferent arteriolar diameter is not perceptibly influenced.
Signing Two Contracts,Constructing Harmonious Labor Relation

The development of the times and changes in business model has created unprecedented chances for enterprises to conclude the two contracts and to raise the level of human resource management by leaps and bounds.The contract of labor is objective,clear and steady,while the psychological contract is subjective,rich and changeful.Through the labor contract and the psychological contract,by modifying the behavior of staff by two kinds of specification-material and immaterial,and by meeting the needs of staff from both software and hardware,so that we can construct a dynamic,persistent and harmonious labor relation,improve our performance of working continually,achieve an organization's objectives and achieve a common development of both an organization and its staff.
Driver Genes as Targets for Lung Cancer Prevention and Treatment

Next generation sequencing(NGS) has been widely used in identifying the most important driver genes to lung carcinogenesis.Compared to the traditional sequencing approaches such as Sanger sequencing,NGS has several distinct advantages including the capacity to fully sequence almost all of the genes in the whole genome, whole exome or whole transcriptome, and the ability to simultaneously detect all types of genetic variants such as base substitutions(mutations), insertions, deletions, copy number variants, structural variants,gene fusions, etc.In the past few years, several comprehensive NGS studies on three major types of lung cancer(lung adenocarcinoma, squamous cell lung cancer, and small-cell lung cancer) have been successfully conducted which both confirmed the significance of the previously identified lung cancer driver genes and revealed the ‘novel'significant driver genes that were not well known in the lung cancer context before.Functional somatic genetic alterations in these genes exist in the majority of the lung cancer samples studied and altered the critical pathways whose aberrations have a direct impact on lung cancer development.It is anticipated that the expanding list of lung cancer driver genes will provide unprecedented opportunities to identify the best targets for lung cancer prevention and treatment.
Fluoxetine in Treatment of Depression with Stress

Objective: To confirm the effectiveness of fluoxetine in treatment of depression associated with apparent life events Method: Sixty-two depressive patients who had a total score of the Life Event Scale of more than 30 were treated with fluoxetine for 6 weeks, diazepam was added if necessary CGI, HAMD and HAMA were used to assess the result Result: At the endpoint, the total score of HAMD decreased from 23±4 at baseline to 10±6, the total score of HAMA was also decreased significantly (23±5 to 10±6) At the meantime, the HAMD sleep factor and CGI severity score were also decreased significantly All above measurements showed improvement at the first week of treatment The adverse effects were mild, with lose of appetite, dry mouth and nausea as the most frequently seen, which had no influence on treatment process Conclusion: Fluoxetine plus diazepam is effective in depressive patients with apparent life events with quick response and mild adverse effects
Bone marrow biopsy in malignant disease.

Bone marrow examination should routinely include biopsy. Often it is the only means of detecting advanced malignant disease. The findings aid in determining therapy and sometimes in following therapeutic response.
Isolation and characterization of the gene encoding the rat α1B adrenergic receptor

Abstract Using a rat α1B adrenergic receptor(AR)-encoding cDNA probe, we isolated two genomic clones from a rat liver genomic DNA library. Southern blot analysis and nucleotide sequencing indicate that the rat α1BAR gene has two exons and a single large intron of at least 16 kb. Analysis of the sequence of the 5'-flanking region suggests that this gene has the features of a housekeeping gene: it has neither a TATA box nor a CAAT box, but has multiple transcription start points (tsp), multiple Sp1-binding sites, and a high G + C content. The 5'-flanking region also contains consensus sequences for AP1-and AP2-binding sites, and putative sites for cyclic AMP (CRE), glucocorticoid (GRE), and thyroid responses (TRE). The 3'-flanking region contains a putative polyadenylation signal (ATTAAA) 492 bp downstream from the stop codon. A comparison of the rat α1BAR sequence with that of the recently cloned human α1BAR gene showed that the overall structure of this gene is highly conserved, with some notable differences in the 5'-flanking region.
Design of More Potent, Radioiodinatable and Fluorescent Vasopressin Hypotensive Peptide Agonists

We recently reported the serendipidous discovery of a new class of vasopressin (VP) peptides, which exhibit selective hypotensive agonism [1]. In follow-up structure/activity studies on the parent peptide: d(CH2)5[D-Tyr(Et)2, Arg3,Val4]AVP (A) (see structure), we uncovered structural modifications of (A) which (a) enhance, (b) retain, (c) diminish and (d) abolish hypotensive potency [2,3]. A Lys8 substitution for Arg8 in the tripeptide side-chain of analogs of (A) has emerged as a promising lead to more potent hypotensive peptides [3]. We now report a series of 12 new analogs of (A) with further modifications in its Pro-Arg-Gly-NH2 tripeptide tail. Nine analogs (1–9, Table 1) have Lys8 and three analogs (10–12, Table 1) have Orn8. With the exception of peptide 9, which has a Pro7, all have the following additional modifications at positions 7 and 9. Position 7: Arg7 (peptides 3–5, 8 , 10–12); Lys7 (peptides 1, 2); Orn7 (peptides 6, 7); Position 9: Eda9 (where Eda = ethylenediamine) (peptides 1, 3, 6,10); Lys-NH29 (peptides 8, 9); Arg-NH29 (peptide 12); Eda9→Tyr10 (peptides 2, 7); Lys9-Eda10 (peptides 5, 11) and Lys9-Eda10→Tyr11 (peptide 4).
Spatiotemporal Distributions of Sr and Ba along an Estuarine River with a Large Salinity Gradient to the Gulf of Mexico

Strontium and barium to calcium ratios are often used as proxies for tracking animal movement across salinity gradients. Many estuarine rivers face saltwater intrusion due to sea level rise, potentially causing changes in mobility and distribution of these metals upstream. From May 2013 to August 2015, monthly water samples were collected and in-situ measurements were performed at six sites along an estuary strongly affected by saltwater intrusion, the Calcasieu River, with salinity ranging from 0.02 to 29.50 Parts Per Thousand (ppt). Results showed that the total Sr concentration and the Sr/Ca ratio both increased significantly with increasing salinity. The average Sr concentration at the site closest to the Gulf of Mexico (Site 6) was 46.21 µmol/L, about 130 times higher than that of the site furthest upstream (Site 1, 0.35). The average Sr/Ca ratio at Site 6 (8.41 mmol/mol) was about three times the average Sr/Ca ratio at Site 1 (2.89). However, the spatial variation in total Ba concentration was marginal, varying from 0.36 to 0.47 µmol/L. The average Ba/Ca ratio at Site 1 (4.82 mmol/mol) was about 54 times the ratio at Site 6 (0.09), showing a negative relation between the Ba/Ca ratio and salinity. All elemental concentrations and ratios had considerable seasonal variations, with significant differences among sampling months for the Sr and Ba concentrations and the Ba/Ca ratio (p < 0.01). The results suggest that for low-gradient estuarine rivers such as the Calcasieu River, water chemistry upstream would experience substantial Sr and Ca enrichment, potentially affecting aquatic environments and biological communities.
Building Effective Multiethnic Schools

During the 25 years since Brown v Board of Education (1954),1 research concerning school desegregation has evolved through three basic paradigms. Studies during the early period were primarily atheoretical, impact studies. These were followed by a variety of studies based on deficit models and psychologistic hypotheses. More recently, interest has shifted to models which describe the interpersonal processes and the social structural characteristics of the school as a social system and relate system characteristics to educational outcomes.
Good Things Come in Threes: Genetically Engineered Neural Stem Cells Mitigate Chronic CNS Autoimmunity.

Patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) are now customarily treated with immunomodulatory drugs. These treatments are often successful in reducing the incidence of new acute inflammatory demyelinative plaques but are far less capable of preventing disseminated central nervous system (CNS) axon loss and the resulting progression of nonremitting clinical neurological deficits. This dichotomous response to these immunomodulatory therapies suggests that there is some fundamental pathophysiological difference in MS between the acute plaques and the disseminated axon loss.
Range extension cooperative MAC to attack energy hole in duty-cycled multi-hop WSNs

Effective techniques for extending lifetime in multi-hop wireless sensor networks include duty cycling and, more recently introduced, cooperative transmission (CT) range extension. However, a scalable MAC protocol has not been presented that combines both. An On-demand Scheduling Cooperative MAC protocol (OSC-MAC) is proposed to address the energy hole problem in multi-hop wireless sensor networks (WSNs). By combining an on-demand strategy and sensor cooperation intended to extend range, OSC-MAC tackles the spatio-temporal challenges for performing CT in multi-hop WSNs: cooperating nodes are neither on the same duty cycle nor are they necessarily in the same collision domain. We use orthogonal and pipelined duty-cycle scheduling, in part to reduce traffic contention, and devise a reservation-based wake-up scheme to bring cooperating nodes into temporary synchrony to support CT range extension. The efficacy of OSC-MAC is demonstrated using extensive NS-2 simulations for different network scenarios without and with mobility. Compared with existing MAC protocols, simulation results show that while we explicitly account for the overhead of CT and practical failures of control packets in dense traffic, OSC-MAC still gives 80–200 % lifetime improvement.
Exploring the need for interventions to manage weight and stress during interconception.

Interventions to manage weight and stress during the interconception period (i.e., time immediately following childbirth to subsequent pregnancy) are needed to promote optimal maternal and infant health outcomes. To address this gap, we summarize the current state of knowledge, critically evaluate the research focused on weight and stress management during the interconception period, and provide future recommendations for research in this area. Evidence supports the importance of weight and stress management during the reproductive years and the impact of weight on maternal and child health outcomes. However, evidence-based treatment models that address postpartum weight loss and manage maternal stress during the interconception period are lacking. This problem is further compounded by inconsistent definitions and measurements of stress. Recommendations for future research include interventions that address weight and stress tailored for women in the interconception period, interventions that address healthcare providers’ understanding of the significance of weight and stress management during interconception, and long-term follow-up studies that focus on the public health implications of weight and stress management during interconception. Addressing obesity and stress during the interconception period via a reproductive lens will be a starting point for women and their families to live long and healthy lives.
Modeling the Precipitation Kinetics of Cementite in Bainite in 0.17% Carbon Steel

Nanoscale cementite can be obtained in 0.17% carbon steel during isothermal treatment at 500oC after ultra fast cooling (UFC) and thermo-mechanical treatment. The precipitation strengthening contribution to yield strength was more than 250 MPa, when the heat treatment time was less than 20 min. The carbon diffusion is impacted by Mn and Si, which are redistributed during the precipitation process. All the effects induced by substitutional elements can be manifested through the restricted carbon diffusion, which is equal to the carbon diffusion multiplied by adjustable parameters. Based on this, a kinetic model has been adapted to simulate the precipitation behaviors of cementite involving the evolution of the number density per unit volume, radius of cementite over time, and the evolution of carbon concentration in matrix. An excellent agreement in mean radius of particles between the predictions of the model and experimental observations was obtained. It was found that the nucleation period of cementite was very short and did not exceed 0.2 s, and there was an overlap between the nucleation period and the growth period, and the coarsening period began at about 1s. In the growth stage, the carbon concentration in the matrix dropped rapidly and the mean radius of particles increased quickly. In the coarsening stage, the carbon concentration remained unchanged and the number of particles per unit volume fell sharply.
Labetalol Use Is Associated With Increased In-Hospital Infection Compared With Nicardipine Use in Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Background and Purpose—Increased sympathetic tone causes hypertension after intracerebral hemorrhage, and blood pressure reduction has been studied as a way to decrease hemorrhage growth and improv...
GUPPIE program — A hands-on STEM learning experience for middle school students

This paper describes the details of a theme-based and hands-on STEM learning program utilizing an underwater robot called GUPPIE. Glider for Underwater Problem-solving and Promotion of Interest in Engineering (GUPPIE) is an example of a robot with oceanographic and environmental monitoring application. GUPPIE helps students to learn about fundamentals of physics (buoyancy, gravity, drag and lift force), electronics (circuitry and power distribution), programming, building (using tools and assembly), and testing in a systematic way. In this work we analyse the effects of the hands-on activities with meaningful context on students' 1) confidence level; 2) attitude towards robotics; 3) and level of interest towards STEM careers. The survey results suggest that using robots with sensible real world applications improves young students' attitudes and interests towards robotics. Based on these results, introducing young students to topics that are not part of official school curriculum, such as programming, increases the excitement and confidence in early ages, especially for girls, and can result in pursuing STEM related subjects in higher education. Results also revealed that girls are more interested in building while boys are more attracted to programming.
Designing outer array points

Taguchi's product-array design consists of two portions: an inner array containing the design factors and an outer array containing noise factors. The function of the outer array is very different from that of the inner array, however. The outer array i..
Cardiac Cell Cycle Activation as a Strategy to Improve iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocyte Therapy.

Over the past 2 decades, scientists and clinicians have strived to leverage stem cell therapy as a treatment for heart failure. However, a myriad of clinical trials investigating the potential of adult stem cells to restore damaged myocardium showed inconsistent effectiveness.1 A subsequent paradigm shift emerged with evidence that the benefits of such treatment, if any, were derived from cardioprotective paracrine factors released by stem cells as opposed to direct myocardial regeneration. As a result, researchers have attempted to regenerate the lost myocardium by delivering cardiac cells to the sites of myocardial damage. Article, see p 88 With recent advances in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology, cardiomyocytes can be efficiently and reproducibly generated from iPSCs.2 The use of iPSCs in cell therapy is particularly attractive for the following reasons. First, iPSCs have extensive self-renewal and differentiation potential, which enables generation of a large number of iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) required for successful cell therapy. Second, this self-renewal property of iPSCs makes them amenable to desired genetic modification before differentiation.3 Third, iPSC-CMs exhibit properties of beating cardiomyocytes and have been shown to engraft in the host myocardium and electromechanically couple to neighboring native cardiomyocytes.4 Finally, because iPSCs are derived from patients’ own somatic cells, the use of autologous iPSC-CMs may help circumvent potential immunogenicity of the transplanted cells.5 Despite these beneficial characteristics of iPSCs, poor survival and engraftment of the transplanted cells remain major obstacles for efficient myocardial regeneration.1 In this issue of Circulation Research , Zhu et al6 sought to test whether the use of genetically engineered, cell cycle–activated iPSC-CMs could improve cardiac cell therapy. Recognizing that only a small fraction of transplanted iPSC-CMs survive and engraft into the myocardium, they hypothesized that if iPSC-CMs could retain proliferative capacity, then even a small …
Leisure and the Quality of Life. By Edwin J. Staley And Norman P. Miller

(1973). Leisure and the Quality of Life. By Edwin J. Staley And Norman P. Miller. Journal of Leisure Research: Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 74-76.
A New Look at the Program Development Process

This paper is a contribution to the discussion of defining a program development process frame with distinct validation points for analysing and measuring process results providing methods, techniques and tools to support the program development process.
More women at the top: The impact of gender roles and leadership style

Opinions differ about the ability of women to function competently in leadership roles. Traditional prejudices against female leaders were blatant, as exemplified by President Richard Nixon’s words when explaining why he would not consider appointing a woman as Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, “I don’t think a woman should be in any [high-level] government job whatsoever … The reason why I do is mainly because they are erratic. And emotional. Men are erratic and emotional too, but the point is a woman is more likely to be” (Clymer 2001 :A16). Aggregate data echo Nixon’s preference for male leaders, although on a decreasing basis over the last decades. Table 1 displays data from a Gallup Poll question asking respondents in the United States if they would prefer a man or a woman as their boss. A substantial preference for men has been present among male and female respondents in all surveys from 1953 to 2000. Furthermore, this preference for male bosses appeared in all 22 of the nations that the Gallup organization surveyed in 1995 (Simmons 2001).
Do geometric models affect judgments of human motion

Human figures have been animated using a wide variety of geometric models including stick figures, polygonal models, and NURBS-based models with muscles, flexible skin, or clothing. This paper reports on experiments designed to ascertain whether a viewer’s perception of motion characteristics is affected by the geometric model used for rendering. Subjects were shown a series of paired motion sequences and asked if the two motions in each pair were “the same” or “different.” The two motion sequences in each pair used the same geometric model. For each trial, the pairs of motion sequences were grouped into two sets where one set was rendered with a stick figure model and the other set was rendered with a polygonal model. Sensitivity measures for each trial indicate that for these sequences subjects were better able to discriminate motion variations with the polygonal model than with the stick figure model.