cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A second SNARE role for exocytic SNAP25 in endosome fusion.

Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins play key roles in membrane fusion, but their sorting to specific membranes is poorly understood. Moreover, ind...
Lawrence Welk and John Wooden: Midwestern Small-Town Boys Who Never Left Home

Considered by many to be the most American part of America, the Midwest occupies a unique place in the national psyche, and its residents have been called the archetypal or quintessential Americans. The region is – and was – anything but homogenous, and any adequate treatment of it needs to take into account its many variations, complexities, and paradoxes. Any search for the essential character of the region soon founders on recognition of its cultural diversity. Yet, acknowledgment of the hazards of advancing broad generalizations about a region extending from Ohio to the Dakotas and ranging as far south as Missouri should not bar us from inquiring into the qualities and characteristics of its people. Despite the contradictions and complexities attaching to the region, the Midwest possesses a distinctive cultural identity, joining its constituent elements in an unstable and constantly changing, but nevertheless recognizable, pattern.
Layer Potentials for the Harmonic Mixed Problem in the Plane

The mixed problem is to find a harmonic function having prescribed Dirichlet data on one part of the boundary and prescribed Neumann data on the remainder. One must make a choice as to the required boundary regularity of solutions. When only weak regularity conditions are imposed, the mixed problem has been solved on smooth domains in the plane by Wendland et al. (Math Methods Appl Sci 1(3):265–321, 1979). Significant advances were later made on Lipschitz domains by Ott and Brown (2011) and Brown (Commun Partial Differ Equ 19(7–8):1217–1233, 1994). The strain of requiring a square-integrable gradient on the boundary, however, forces a strong geometric restriction on the domain. Well-known counterexamples by Brown show this restriction to be a necessary condition. This paper shows that these counterexamples are an anomaly, in that the mixed problem in the plane can be solved for all data modulo a finite dimensional subspace. The geometric restriction now required is significantly less stringent than the one referred to above. This result is proved by representing solutions in terms of single and double layer potentials, establishing a mixed Rellich inequality, and applying functional analytic arguments to solve a two-by-two system of equations. These results are then extended to allow Robin data in place of Neumann data.
Management of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome in children.

Background:Acute lung injury (ALI) and its more severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), are devastating disorders of overwhelming pulmonary inflammation and hypoxemia, resulting in high morbidity and mortality.Aim:To provide the clinician with a summary of the literature on the epid
Functional characteristics of membrane progestin receptor alpha (mPRα) subtypes: A review with new data showing mPRα expression in seatrout sperm and its association with sperm motility

Abstract A novel cDNA with characteristics of the membrane progestin receptor regulating induction of oocyte maturation by a non-genomic mechanism, named st-mPRα, was recently discovered in seatrout. Subsequently, both recombinant and native mPRαs have been localized to the plasma membrane in several vertebrate models where they have been shown to bind progestins specifically, resulting in activation of G proteins. Non-genomic actions of progestins to stimulate hypermotility and the acrosome reaction in sperm have been identified, but the receptors which mediate these processes are unknown. Here, we demonstrate progestin stimulation of sperm motility in seatrout and expression of st-mPRα mRNA and protein in sperm with the receptor localized on the plasma membrane. Immunocytochemical staining of non-permeabilized sperm shows st-mPRα is localized to the midpiece with an extracellular N-terminal region, indicating its likely role in progestin regulation of sperm motility. Moreover, the abundance of the st-mPRα protein on sperm membranes from seatrout donors with low motility was significantly reduced compared to that of normal motile sperm. Finally, progestin treatment of sperm membranes caused activation of G proteins. These results suggest that st-mPRα is an intermediary in progestin stimulation of sperm motility in seatrout by an unknown mechanism involving G protein activation.
Total cholesterol and LDL levels decrease before rheumatoid arthritis

Objectives To compare lipid profiles in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in non-RA subjects during the 5 years before and 5 years after the RA incidence/index date. Methods Lipid measures were abstracted in a population-based incident cohort of patients with RA (1987 American College of Rheumatology criteria) first diagnosed between 1 January 1988 and 1 January 2008 and in non-RA subjects. Random-effects models adjusting for age, sex and calendar year were used to examine trends in lipid profiles, accounting for multiple measurements for each subject. Results The study population included a cohort of 577 patients with RA (a total of 3088 lipid measurements) and 540 non-RA subjects (a total of 3048 lipid measurements). There were significant decreases in total (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) levels in the RA cohort during the 5 years before RA, compared with the non-RA cohort (p Conclusion TC and LDL levels and the prevalence of abnormal TC or LDL measures decreased significantly during the 5 years before the RA incidence/index date in patients with RA as compared with the non-RA cohort. These trends in lipid profile in RA are unlikely to be solely due to lipid-lowering treatment.
Propofol attenuates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury aggravated by hyperglycemia

Abstract Background Hyperglycemia exacerbates renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury via aggravated inflammatory response and excessive production of reactive oxygen species. This study aimed to investigate the ability of propofol, a known antioxidant, to protect kidneys against IR injury in hyperglycemic rats in comparison with normoglycemic rats. Methods Sixty rats were randomly assigned to four groups: normoglycemia–etomidate, normoglycemia–propofol, hyperglycemia–etomidate, and hyperglycemia–propofol. Anesthesia was provided with propofol or etomidate depending on the group. Also, the rats received 1.2 g/kg dextrose or the same volume of normal saline depending on the group. Renal ischemia was induced for 25 min. The rats were killed, and samples were collected 65 min after starting intravenous anesthetics (sham) and 15 min and 24 h after reperfusion injury to compare the histologic degree of renal tubular damage and levels of inflammatory markers and enzymes related to reactive oxygen species. Results Compared with etomidate, propofol significantly attenuated tubular damage after reperfusion in hyperglycemic rats. Also, tubular damage was greater under hyperglycemia compared with normoglycemia in the etomidate group, whereas it was similar in the propofol group. Propofol preserved superoxide dismutase level and attenuated the increase in levels of myeloperoxidase, interlukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α after reperfusion compared with etomidate especially in hyperglycemic rats. Propofol also attenuated the production of inducible nitric oxide synthase and phosphorylation of inhibitor of κB and nuclear factor-κB after reperfusion, which were more prominent under hyperglycemia. Conclusions Propofol conveyed renoprotection against IR injury by preserved antioxidation ability and attenuated inflammatory response, which were more prominent under hyperglycemia.
The transformational capabilities offered by ontologies in climate science

Climate science has long discovered the benefits of standardization of formats to support discovery, analysis and comparison of climate results. Having started at a time when hierarchical metadata models where state of the art, much of their standards, tools and infrastructures relies today on these type of systems. These metadata based systems are highly sophisticated and keep excellent pace with the increasing volumes of data. However data has not only grown in size, but also in complexity. An increasing diversity of methods and devices for data generation and capture, as well as the often multi-scale, multi-physics and trans-disciplinary nature of many science challenges, has led to the need to work with very heterogeneous data. In this environment metadata based systems do have one distinct downside, they are not easily expandable, and while extensions are possible to incorporate additional descriptions from the same domain, the same cannot be said for integrations across method and domain boundaries. Ontologies can here deliver invaluable, flexible help to provide bridges (crosswalks) between different formats, domains and knowledge representations. Offering the ability to build these bridges step by step as the understanding grows between the two communities, they deliver a very practical approach to delivering early solutions. Ontologies combined with rules and provenance information can furthermore be used to drive automated analysis and transformation, between different objects. Finally ontologies allow the scientists to capture, highlight, analyze and share their insights about correlations within large data collections. This talk will present a number of illustrating use cases and solution approaches.
Performance of two-step thermoelectric-adsorption heat pump for harsh environment electronics cooling

Performance of a two-stage thermoelectric adsorption heat pump for electronics cooling in a thermally harsh environment has been presented. Adsorption heat pumps have few moving parts, which make them suitable for use in harsh environments that are prone to mechanical shock and high temperatures. Use of a thermoelectric device for heat regeneration during the adsorption-desorption process promises to make the system compact enough for electronic enclosures. Two-step adsorption aims to reduce the thermal variations at the hot and cold faces of the thermoelectric device, thus enhancing its performance. Here, adsorption takes place at two different pressures and this requires two evaporators at two different temperatures. This is unlike most ‘conventional’ adsorption systems where adsorption takes place at a single evaporator pressure. An experimental setup (for two-step adsorption) was fabricated and tested for a heat rejection temperature of 185 °C and cooling load of up to 6W. Experiments were also carried out for a single step (conventional) adsorption cycle for similar conditions. This allowed comparing the performance of two-step ‘modified’ adsorption cycle vis-a-vis single step ‘conventional’ adsorption cycle. COPs of 0.2 and 0.3 were observed for conventional and modified cycles respectively.
Modelling the Tox21 10 K chemical profiles for in vivo toxicity prediction and mechanism characterization

Target-specific, mechanism-oriented in vitro assays post a promising alternative to traditional animal toxicology studies. Here we report the first comprehensive analysis of the Tox21 effort, a large-scale in vitro toxicity screening of chemicals. We test ∼ 10,000 chemicals in triplicates at 15 concentrations against a panel of nuclear receptor and stress response pathway assays, producing more than 50 million data points. Compound clustering by structure similarity and activity profile similarity across the assays reveals structure-activity relationships that are useful for the generation of mechanistic hypotheses. We apply structural information and activity data to build predictive models for 72 in vivo toxicity end points using a cluster-based approach. Models based on in vitro assay data perform better in predicting human toxicity end points than animal toxicity, while a combination of structural and activity data results in better models than using structure or activity data alone. Our results suggest that in vitro activity profiles can be applied as signatures of compound mechanism of toxicity and used in prioritization for more in-depth toxicological testing.
Summary of Session 8: Fracture Toughness of Fiber-Reinforced Cement Composites

There were three papers presented in this session. The summary and discussion during the workshop are summarized as followed:
Twitter structure as a composition of two distinct networks

In this paper, we study the structure and formation of TWitter and attempt to answer the role of TWitter — as news media or social network. Our analysis indicates that the Twitter network can be formally modeled as a composition of two main networks that have distinct roles in information propagation. Following this we also propose a concise configurable two-step model that generates a Twitter-like network to facilitate the development of a simulation platform for future research. We verify the validity of the proposed model by empirically analyzing two large datasets containing the topological information of Twitter and study its properties by means of mathematical analysis and simulation.
Effect of Insemination on the Morphology of the Internal Female Genitalia of the Spider Nephila clavipes (Araneae: Araneidae)

In Nephila clavipes (L.), the spermathecae in the female change shape at the time of copulation. Virgin females have spermathecae of distinctly different shape from females mated within 48 h of the final molt, and the degree of sclerotization of the spermathecae is affected by mating. Mating half-castrated males to virgin females resulted in half-mated females with distinct virgin and mated spermathecae. These spiders show a wide range of spermathecal shape, due in part to the effect of copulation; one year's collection of mature females revealed 8.6% with virgin-type spermathecae. These females can mate and use sperm. These results suggest that in this species, and perhaps in other spiders, the shape and degree of sclerotization of the spermathecae are environmentally determined, which warrants caution in the use of spermathecal morphologies as taxonomic characters.
Speed of visual acuity for vertical eye-movements with a change of accommodation.

Summary.-Speed of visual acuity was measured for Landolt-C targets presented above and below the line of sight as the targets were moved from 2.4 m to 0.6 m from the observer. Target recognition was faster for a downward than an upward eye movement. There was no difference in response times for the up and down eyemovements when the fixation and target distances were the same. Operators of all types of vehicles need to be able to change quickly both their line of sight and accommodation to read instruments inside the vehicle. Traditionally, these instruments are below the line of sight when the operator is looking outside. The development of "heads-up-displays," however, now makes it likely that some information will be presented above the line of sight. The study investigated whether the ability to read such displays is the same above and below the line of sight when a change of accommodation is involved. Changing fixation from far to near involves both accommodation and convergence of the eyes. Accommodation and vergence, although stimulated by different stimuli, i.e., blur and disparity, respectively, work together and are normally linked; accommodation and convergence are associated. Knoll (1962) has, indeed, reported that lowering the plane of regard also increases convergence and raising the plane of regard increases divergence; when six subjects raised or lowered their gaze 30°, there was a statistically significant increase in esophoria during downward gaze for four subjects and a significant increase in exophoria during upward gaze for one of the subjects. Most investigators have reported that the amount of time needed to accommodate from near-to-far is less than that for far-to-near (Allen, 1953; Robertson, 1936; Ferree & Rand, 1936; Carter, 1962) although some have found no difference (Campbell & Westheimer, 1960) or the opposite (Tucker & Charman, 1979). This may reflect, in part, difference in speed of convergence and divergence. If the observer is asked to look up or down and accommodate at the same time, we would predict that the speed of saccades and accommodative convergence, and also target recognition would be different for targets above and below the original line of sight. In this experiment, I measured the length of time an acuity target had to be exposed to be seen when the subject moved his eyes either up or down while looking from far to near.
Behavior and pheromone studies withAttagenus elongatulus Casey (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)

Males ofAttagenus elongatulus Casey responded to a source of female odor with a characteristic sequence of actions which included: extension of the antennae, elevation of the body by leg extension, rapid zig-zag running, and intermittent bobbing up and down. The courtship sequence also consisted of several activities and was usually followed by a typical copulatory act of less than 1-minute duration. Virgin females exhibited calling behavior which was associated with pheromone release. Female calling activity, female pheromone content, and male responsiveness followed a diurnal cycle with peak values occurring during the earlier hours of the 16L∶8D photoperiod. Quantitative bioassay indicated that a 50% male response level (RD50) occurred at ca. 0.014 female equivalent (FE) exposure.
Long range correlation in Higgs boson plus two jets production at the LHC

We study Higgs boson plus two high energy jets production at the LHC in the kinematics where the two jets are well separated in rapidity. The partonic processes are dominated by the t-channel weak boson fusion (WBF) and gluon fusion (GF) contributions. We derive the associated QCD resummation formalism for the correlation analysis where the total transverse momentum q⊥ of the Higgs boson and two jets is small. Because of different color structures, the resummation results lead to distinguished behaviors: the WBF contribution peaks at relative low q⊥ while all GF channel contributions are strongly de-correlated and spread to a much wider q⊥ range. By applying a kinematic cut on q⊥, one can effectively increase the WBF signal to the GF background by a significant factor. This greatly strengthens the ability to investigate the WBF channel in Higgs boson production and study the couplings of Higgs to electroweak bosons.
Urinary Reflux in Children: An Approach to Management

Reflux associated with infection has been shown to play a major etiologic role in chronic pyelonephritis among children; most such children are eventually found to have a predisposing congenital abnormality. An individualized approach, based on careful x-ray evaluation and grading of the reflux, helps in deciding whether the problem should be managed nonoperatively as well as in deciding whether and when to operate.
Measures and Initiatives Favoring Decentralization, 1994–2008

Dominican political history is very briefl y summarized, stressing the development and vigor of neo-patrimonial and authoritarian traditions. More detail is provided on the electoral, fiscal, institutional and legislative changes that introduced decentralization in the period 1994–2008. Non-concurrent elections, increases in revenue-sharing, and the establishment of a vigorous federation of municipalities are described. A reduction in the power of a central bureau that had functioned as a controlling Ministry of Municipalities is recounted, together with the advent of Participatory Budgeting in hundreds of Dominican subnational governments.
Agonistic behavior of two sympatric species of xanthid crabs, Leptodius floridanus and Hexapanopus angustifrons

The agonistic behavior of Leptodius floridanus and Hexapanopus angustifrons was studied by laboratory observation of intra‐ and interspecific interactions and by model presentations. In competition for a hiding place, H. angustifrons dominated L. floridanus. Both species use similar cheliped postures as visual displays and in both the pattern of black tips and mottled proximal parts of the chelipeds are an important part of agonistic displays. The display system of H. angustifrons appeared to be more complex than that of L. floridanus. Size of crab did not correlate with distance of reaction to agonistic models in either species.
High-resolution mass spectrometric analysis of biomass pyrolysis vapors

Abstract Vapors generated from the pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass are made up of a complex mixture of oxygenated compounds. Direct analysis of these vapors provides insight into the mechanisms of depolymerization of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin as well as insight into reactions that may occur during condensation of pyrolysis vapors into bio-oil. Studies utilizing pyrolysis molecular beam mass spectrometry have provided valuable information regarding the chemical composition of pyrolysis vapors. Mass spectrometers generally employed with these instruments have low mass resolution of approximately a mass unit. The presence of chemical species with identical unit mass but differing elemental formulas cannot be resolved with these instruments and are therefore detected as a single ion. In this study we analyzed the pyrolysis vapors of several biomass sources using a high-resolution double focusing mass spectrometer. High-resolution analysis of pyrolysis vapors allowed for speciation of several compounds that would be detected as a single ion with unit mass resolution. These data not only provide greater detail into the composition of pyrolysis vapors but also highlight differences between vapors generated from multiple biomass feedstocks.
Semen Quality Parameters Among U.S. Veterans of Operation Enduring Freedom, Operation Iraqi Freedom, and Operation New Dawn

ABSTRACT Background: There is little research investigating exposures that occurred during war or conflict and the resulting influence on semen quality. We examined the associations between military service and semen quality among U.S. Veterans of Operation Enduring Freedom, Operation Iraqi Freedom, and Operational New Dawn. Methods: U.S. Veterans (n = 714), who sought fertility treatment and were participants of the Department of Veterans Affairs Women Veterans Cohort Study were included in the current study. Semen quality parameters (semen volume, total sperm count, sperm concentration, and percentage of total motile sperm) measured at fertility clinics in Veterans Affairs Healthcare System were analyzed. Findings: The median values of Veterans were 2.7 mL for semen volume, 55.3 × 106 for total sperm count, 22.0 × 106/mL for sperm concentration, and 55% for total motile sperm. No significant differences among Veterans were found between military-specific variables evaluated and sperm quality. In multiva...
Structure Determination via Complete Relaxation Matrix Analysis (CORMA) of Two-Dimensional Nuclear Overhauser Effect Spectra

Methods for the complete high-resolution determination of molecular structure in solution have been a goal of scientists since the development of X-ray diffraction techniques in the early part of this century. Methods that yield at least a part of the structural picture include hydrodynamic techniques, electron diffraction and other scattering techniques, circular dichroism, fluorescence decay, extended X-ray absorption fine structure, and magnetic resonance. The information obtainable from these methods ranges from rough estimates of the overall shape and dimension of a molecule to a gauge of the extent of secondary structure (local conformational properties such as α-helix and β-sheet). At best it is possible to obtain a measure of some of the distances within the molecule. However, with the possible exception of nuclear magnetic resonance, a high-resolution structural model is not yet attainable with any of these methods.
Case 12: Lipoma

58-year-old woman with incidentally found lesion on CT in the emergency room for right lower quadrant pain
Comparison of a Handheld Indirect Calorimetry Device and Predictive Energy Equations Among Individuals on Maintenance Hemodialysis

Objectives Practical methods for determining resting energy expenditure (REE) among individuals on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) are needed because of the limitations of indirect calorimetry. Two disease-specific predictive energy equations (PEEs) have been developed for this metabolically complex population. The aim of this study was to compare estimated REE (eREE) by PEEs to measured REE (mREE) with a handheld indirect calorimetry device (HICD). Methods A prospective pilot study of adults on MHD (N = 40) was conducted at 2 dialysis clinics in Houston and Texas City, Texas. mREE by an HICD was compared with eREE determined by 6 PEEs using Bland-Altman analysis with a band of acceptable agreement of ±10% of the group mean mREE. Paired t-test and the intraclass correlation coefficient were also used to compare the alternate methods of measuring REE. A priori alpha was set at P Results The mean (±standard deviation) age was 56.7 ± 12.9 years, 52.5% (n = 21) were female, and 85% (n = 34) were African American. Body mass index (BMI) ranged from 18.1 to 47.1 kg/m2, 67.5% were overweight (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) and 50% were obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). The Maintenance Hemodialysis Equation-Creatinine version (MHCD-CR) was the most accurate PEE with 52.5% of values within the band of acceptable agreement, followed by the Mifflin-St. Jeor Equation and the Vilar et al. Equation at 45.0% and 42.5%, respectively. Conclusion When compared with mREE by the HICD, the MHDE-CR was more accurate and precise than other PEEs evaluated; however, this must be interpreted with caution as mREE was consistently lower than eREE from all PEEs. Further research is needed to validate the MHDE-CR and other practical methods for determining REE among individuals on MHD.
Arnold J. Bauer (1931-2015) Obituary

Hispanic American Historical Review HAHR / November with one another. The nationalism that Anderson imagined was a cultural formation based on the experience of parallel readings of the news, in a kind of synchronized, progressive race between nations moving across what he, fol- lowing Walter Benjamin, called “homogeneous, empty time.” In that regard, one of the key underpinnings and effects of nationalism was secularism—the emptying out of messianic time and its reduction to “progress.” I don’t believe it was a coincidence that Anderson understood the historical significance of the colonial experience as well as he did. He had lived through the last gasps of the British Empire since childhood and later became a privi- leged witness to the hopeful beginnings of anticolonial nationalisms. He then watched the shocking devolution of these nationalisms into counterrevolutions or war among the newly independent republics. The introduction to Imagined Communities opens with the deeply troubling problem of nationalist wars between revolutionary, postcolonial states such as Vietnam, China, and the Soviet Union. There is in Anderson’s version of nationalism an account of not only the emancipatory thrill of decolonization but also revolutionary entrap- ment. Working through disillusion is a key aspect of Anderson’s insights, and disillusion, even shock, ran deep in this unusually sensitive and engaged author. Anderson compared the impact of the Indonesian genocide on his life to dis- covering that one had loved a murderer. I met Benedict Anderson only once, at a small conference organized at the University of Chicago in commemoration of the 25th anniversary of Imagined Communities. I was invited to that event because of the critical essay that I had published on the work. Apparently Anderson appreciated it. In person, Ben Anderson was as gentle and amiable as he was cultivated, evenhanded, and incisive. He made one of the most important social scientific contributions of the final quarter of the twentieth century. May he rest in peace. claudio lomnitz , Columbia University doi 10.1215/00182168-3677651 Arnold J. Bauer (1931–2015) Arnold J. Bauer—Arnie to just about everyone—passed away on July 30, 2015, after a sudden case of meningitis. He left a huge community of friends and family who valued his sense of humor, passion for conversation, and loyalty. He contributed to Latin American history through wide-ranging and engaging publications and his work as a teacher and mentor in the United States and Chile. Published by Duke University Press
Efficient Protein Encapsulation within Thermoresponsive Coacervate-Forming Biodegradable Polyesters

Presented here is a novel method for encapsulating proteins into biodegradable, thermoresponsive coacervate-type polyesters. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was efficiently incorporated into coacervate droplets via a simple thermoresponsive encapsulation mechanism. Tunable modular systems for encapsulation such as the one presented here may be useful in a range of protein delivery applications.
Chen’s theorem

In this chapter, we shall prove one of the most famous results in additive prime number theory: Chen’s theorem that every sufficiently large even integer can be written as the sum of an odd prime and a number that is either prime or the product of two primes.
Addressing Unmet Clinical Needs with 3D Printing Technologies

Recent advances in 3D printing have enabled the creation of novel 3D constructs and devices with an unprecedented level of complexity, properties, and functionalities. In contrast to manufacturing techniques developed for mass production, 3D printing encompasses a broad class of fabrication technologies that can enable 1) the creation of highly customized and optimized 3D physical architectures from digital designs; 2) the synergistic integration of properties and functionalities of distinct classes of materials to create novel hybrid devices; and 3) a biocompatible fabrication approach that facilitates the creation and cointegration of biological constructs and systems. This progress report describes how these capabilities can potentially address a myriad of unmet clinical needs. First, the creation of 3D-printed prosthetics to regain lost functionalities by providing structural support for skeletal and tubular organs is highlighted. Second, novel drug delivery strategies aided by 3D-printed devices are described. Third, the advancement of medical research heralded by 3D-printed tissue/organ-on-chips systems is discussed. Fourth, the developments of 3D-printed tissue and organ regeneration are explored. Finally, the potential for seamless integration of engineered organs with active devices by leveraging the versatility of multimaterial 3D printing is envisioned.
Injury Claims from Steep Slope Logging in the United States

Logging is one of the most dangerous occupations in the United States. Although logging injuries within the U.S. have decreased over the last 20 years, injuries in this sector continue to exceed the rate of total recordable cases for all U.S. industries combined. Methods: Workers’ Compensation injury claim data from two workers’ compensation providers, which cover companies’ active in the logging industry of Montana and Idaho were obtained. All injury and fatality claims occurring from July 2010 to June 2014 were obtained from companies in the logging industry (NAICS 113). Injury claim data from each company contained information on demographics, variables related to the time, type and source, of injury, as well as the cost associated with each injury claim. Results: A total of 801 workers’ compensation claims were analyzed for the time period July 2010 to June 2015. The most common nature of injury were sprain/strain injuries, followed by contusions, and lacerations. Inexperienced workers (>6 months experience) accounted for over 25% of claims. Fatalities had the highest median claim cost ($274,411 USD). Conclusions: Injury prevention efforts in the logging industry within the Intermountain region should be focused on early training, engineering controls, and administrative controls; all designed to promote a culture and climate of safety, communication, and shared responsibility. The results of this project were used as the basis and justification for the development and implementation targeted safety interventions addressing the specific safety issues associated with logging in the Intermountain region.
High prevalence of comorbid autoimmune diseases in adults with type 1 diabetes from the HealthFacts database

Background Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are at risk for other autoimmune diseases (ie, polyautoimmunity). The prevalence and risk factors of this phenomenon have been underreported in adults and ethnic minorities, and data are lacking regarding non-endocrine autoimmune diseases. Methods Study population data were gathered from HealthFacts, a deidentified patient database compiled from electronic medical records systems in the US. Patients with an International Classification of Diseases diagnosis code specifying T1D were included in the study, whereas those with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes were excluded. Results The cross-sectional study cohort comprised 158 865 adults with T1D (mean [±SD] age 51.4 ± 18.9 years, 52.5% female). The most common autoimmune diseases were thyroid disease (20.1%), systemic rheumatic diseases (3.4%), rheumatoid arthritis specifically (2.0%), and gastrointestinal autoimmune diseases (1.4%). Most of the autoimmune diseases were more common in women (eg hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, celiac disease, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and Sjogren syndrome). Caucasians were more likely than other ethnicities to have an additional autoimmune disease. The prevalence of autoimmune diseases increased with increasing age, significantly in women, such that 38.5% of women over 80 years of age had an additional autoimmune disease, compared with 17.9% of women aged ≤29 years. Conclusions Additional autoimmunity represents a significant comorbidity in patients with T1D. Autoimmune diseases are more common in Caucasians and in women, and increase with age. Clinicians treating patients with T1D should be aware of the risk factors for additional autoimmune diseases.
Protein Extraction from Gels: A Brief Review.

Protein gel electrophoresis is an important procedure carried out in protein studies. Elution and recovery of proteins separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) are often necessary for further downstream analyses. The process involves localizing the protein of interest on the gel following SDS-PAGE, eluting the protein from the gel, removing SDS from the eluted sample, and finally renaturing the protein (e.g., enzymes) for subsequent analyses. Investigators have extracted proteins from gels by a variety of techniques. These include dissolution of the gel matrix, passive diffusion, and electrophoretic elution. Proteins eluted from gels have been used successfully in a variety of downstream applications, including protein chemistry, proteolytic cleavage, determination of amino acid composition, polypeptide identification by trypsin digestion and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectroscopy, as antigens for antibody production, identifying a polypeptide corresponding to an enzyme activity, and other purposes. Protein yields ranging from nanogram levels to 100 μg have been obtained. Here, we review some of the methods that have been used to elute proteins from gels.
Developments in Illinois in 1958

In Illinois 2,291 wells were drilled for oil and gas in 1958, as compared with 2,585 in 1957, a decrease of 11%. These figures are exclusive of water- or gas-input wells, salt-water disposal wells, and old wells worked over. Exploratory drilling decreased 19% from 788 wells (FOOTNOTE 3) in 1957 to 639 in 1958. Eight new pools, 48 extensions, and 14 new pays in producing areas were discovered in 1958. Total oil production increased from 76,649,000 bbls. in 1957 to 80,779,000 in 1958. Of the 8 new pools discovered in 1958, 3 produced from Pennsylvanian sandstones, 3 from Mississippian sandstones and limestones, and 2 from limestone of Silurian age.
An aesthetics of the human: Peru’s Ojo que Llora memorial:

This article examines the role of an aesthetics of memorialization in symbolic reparations for victims of gross violations of human rights. By looking at the production, aesthetics and reception of...
Efficacy of manipulation under anesthesia beyond three months following total knee arthroplasty.

Abstract Background Stiffness after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is often treated with manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) to improve range of motion (ROM). However, many authors recommend against MUA beyond 3 months after TKA. This study investigates the timing of MUA for stiffness after TKA, focusing on MUA performed at >12 weeks. Methods In total, 142 MUAs were retrospectively reviewed. “Early” MUAs were at 12 weeks. MUAs were further subdivided into 4 groups: 83 “Group I” cases at 52 weeks. Gains in ROM were compared between groups. Results Gains in flexion and overall ROM were statistically equivalent in Early vs Late MUA when controlling for pre-MUA ROM. ROM gains between the early Group I and the later Groups II-IV were also statistically comparable. Overall ROM gain in Group I was 24.1°, 17.9° in Group II, 20.8° in Group III, and 11.1° in Group IV. There were no significant complications. Conclusions Early and late MUA resulted in statistically equivalent gains in ROM, regardless of timing after TKA. All groups showed an average improvement in ROM of ≥11°. MUA performed beyond 3 months, and even beyond 1 year, appears to be safe and may improve ROM and allow select patients to avoid revision surgery.
The Influence of Sexual Assault Resistance on Reporting Tendencies and Law Enforcement Response: Findings From the National Crime Victimization Survey:

Despite its prevalence, sexual assault remains a vastly underreported crime. Previous research suggests that engagement in certain types of resistance during an assault affects the way in which both victims and others perceive the attack; such perceptions influence victims' likelihood of reporting the assault to law enforcement as well as the criminal justice system response to reported allegations. Using a fight/flight/freeze theoretical framework, the current study sought to examine how forceful, nonforceful, and freeze responding influenced victim reporting and the extent to which reported assaults were pursued and investigated by law enforcement. Using data from the National Crime Victimization Survey between 2010 and 2016, logistic regression analysis indicated that victims are significantly less likely to report to law enforcement if they froze during the attack. Interestingly, although engagement in forceful resistance increases victims' likelihood of reporting to law enforcement, it has no bearing on law enforcement response beyond the effect of physical injury. Rather, physical injury (e.g., bruises, cuts, broken bones) is the only predictor of law enforcement response to sexual assault allegations. Findings suggest that whereas fight and freeze responses to sexual victimization influence victims' willingness to report to law enforcement, resistance is not uniquely predictive of law enforcement response once physical injury is considered.
Development and operating experience of a 1.2-m long helical superconducting undulator at the Argonne Advanced Photon Source

Development of superconducting undulators (SCUs) continues at the Advanced Photon Source (APS). Several planar SCUs were designed and built, and two of them are currently in operation at the APS. In January 2018 a new helical SCU (HSCU) was installed on the storage ring at the APS. It has a 1.2 m-long magnet with bifilar winding that generates on its axis a single harmonic of about 6 keV x-rays. The magnet is housed in the newly designed compact cryostat equipped with four cryocoolers. The HSCU was extensively tested prior to its installation on the APS storage ring, and it demonstrated cryogenic and magnetic performance in accordance with the design specifications. The HSCU was rapidly and successfully commissioned, and in February 2018 it was transferred to user operations. Its performance as an x-ray radiation source has been studied and spectral characteristics confirmed. The HSCU is currently used to support unique scientific program at the APS.
What Makes an Entrepreneurship Study Entrepreneurial? Toward A Unified Theory of Entrepreneurial Agency:

Calls for greater contextualization have been powerful in motivating research and knowledge creation about entrepreneurship. However, unless counter-balanced with attempts to identify the field’s c...
Post-TBI splenectomy may exacerbate coagulopathy and platelet activation in a murine model

Abstract Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) induces acute hypocoagulability, subacute hypercoagulability, and persistently elevated risk for thromboembolic events. Splenectomy is associated with increased mortality in patients with moderate or severe TBI. We hypothesized that the adverse effects of splenectomy in TBI patients may be secondary to the exacerbation of pathologic coagulation and platelet activation changes. Methods An established murine weight-drop TBI model was utilized and a splenectomy was performed immediately following TBI. Sham as well as TBI and splenectomy alone mice were used as injury controls. Mice were sacrificed for blood draws at 1, 6, and 24 h, as well as 7 days post-TBI. Viscoelastic coagulation parameters were assessed by rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) and platelet activation was measured by expression of P-selectin via flow cytometry analysis of platelet rich plasma samples. Results At 6 h following injury, TBI/splenectomy demonstrated hypocoagulability with prolonged clot formation time (CFT) compared to TBI alone. By 24 h following injury, TBI/splenectomy and splenectomy mice were hypercoagulable with a shorter CFT, a higher alpha angle, and increased MCF, despite a lower percentage of platelet contribution to clot compared to TBI alone. However, only the TBI/splenectomy continued to display this hypercoagulable state at 7 days. While TBI/splenectomy had greater P-selectin expression at 1-h post-injury, TBI alone had significantly greater P-selectin expression at 24 h post-injury compared to TBI/splenectomy. Interestingly, P-selectin expression remained elevated only in TBI/splenectomy at 7 days post-injury. Conclusion Splenectomy following TBI exacerbates changes in the post-injury coagulation state. The combination of TBI and splenectomy induces an acute hypocoagulable state that could contribute to an increase in intracranial bleeding. Subacutely, the addition of splenectomy to TBI exacerbates post-injury hypercoagulability and induces persistent platelet activation. These polytrauma effects on coagulation may contribute to the increased mortality observed in patients with combined brain and splenic injuries.
Putting Descartes Before the Horse

This chapter examines the origins of the modern energy paradigm or orthodoxy. “Putting Descartes before the Horse” means looking at the ideas and values that precede and are built into modern machines. The chapter uses Descartes and the clock of medieval monasteries to capture the crucial shift to a mechanistic paradigm or worldview. It then critiques the Aristotelian paradigm of energy with its emphasis on different energies for each kind of thing. The key insight of the modern energy paradigm, one with scientific and political ramifications, is the notion of energy as a universal currency or a perfect similarity operating across different kinds. This is the energy that has changed the human condition and the climate.
Developing Student Rubrics For Creative Evaluation: Academic Research To Improve Student Learning Outcomes And Increase Faculty Grading Efficiency

The experience of the digital media staff in alignment with a body of literature suggests the need for additional research for developing student rubrics for evaluating the creative works of students. A mixed-methods, action-research based intervention for evaluating how instructors may consistently grade and evaluate the creative works of students without subjectivity or bias between instructors. Additionally, these evaluations could have the intended outcome of improving learning outcomes for students across various courses with different faculty members. Without a more consistent delivery of content and evaluation of their work, students cannot perform equally from instructor to instructor. This paper reviews the theory, methodology, and study design through the use of quantitative scores and qualitative surveys to determine the efficacy of the intervention.
Does the Diversification Potential of Securitized Real Estate Vary Over Time and Should Investors Care

This paper examines the dynamics of the covariance matrix of return rates for securitized real estate, other company stocks, and government bonds for a cross-section of eight countries. In-sample analysis establishes that in all countries the covariance matrix is time-varying and reacts stronger to bad than to good news. Using a realistic out-of-sample exercise, we find that portfolios selected with a forecasted dynamic covariance matrix are less risky than portfolios constructed with the static matrix. However, benefits of using the dynamic covariance matrix for active portfolio management are mostly offset by rebalancing cost. Passive buy-and-hold investors benefit, because the forecasted dynamic covariance matrix provides better risk assessment.
The dance between darkness and light: a systematic review of advertising’s role in consumer well-being (1980–2020)

Advertising is oft described as the art of capitalism. This indispensable form of communication, in all its Technicolor glory, has the power to shape culture, conscience and commerce. Therein lies ...
Miniaturization of Multifunctional Low Frequency RFID Coil Antenna for Embedded Applications

In this work, a miniaturized embedded RFID system has been proposed for smart pill-bottle to minimize the drug abuse. The pill-bottle will consist of a miniaturized RFID reader with on-board rechargeable battery. Hence, the reader has to fulfill two purposes: 1) read ID of the RFID access card, and 2) charging of the battery. A single coil antenna is proposed to perform the dual functions in order to miniaturize the embedded design. In this near field application, RFID band of 125/138 kHz is used. Primarily three different design topologies are explored to select the most suitable one for the application. Here we investigate the miniaturization of coil systems using high inductance coils.
Effect of antibiotic therapy on immunotherapy outcomes for non-small cell lung cancer: Analysis from the Veterans Health Administration Database.

9017Background: Dysregulation of the gut microbiota induced by antibiotic therapy (Abx) may alter the anticancer immune response. Multiple small studies have associated Abx use with inferior immune...
A 3‐year‐old boy with rapid obstructive symptoms secondary to coin ingestion and gastric impaction

Foreign body ingestion is a common problem in children; blunt objects occur most frequently, and coins are the most common culprit. Rarely does coin ingestion lead to serious consequences other than esophageal impaction. In this report, we present the case of a healthy 3-year-old boy who developed rapid obstructive symptoms after the ingestion of a coin that required endoscopic retrieval from the stomach. Obstruction attributed to an ingested coin once post-esophageal is a rare complication of a relatively common presenting complaint.