cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Modeling the impact of review dynamics on utility value of a product

Manufacturer-provided specifications often do not provide a true picture of the utility value of a product. A product’s true assessed value is the result of consumer opinion often conveyed via word of mouth. The increasing popularity of social media has led to the inevitable integration of the social platform with e-commerce sites where consumers share their opinions on products and prospective buyers seek the opinion of their peers before making a purchase. The influencing power of these social platforms has led to researchers mining these opinions and utilizing them to assess the value of the product. Consumer opinion can vary greatly and is dependent on several factors such as when the product is launched into the market, what competitors are offering and how their product is faring over time, etc. Hence, the assessed value of a product is subject to significant dynamism which if modeled accurately, can provide several business insights. Experience has taught us that accurately capturing the time at which opinions are expressed and identifying the attributes that influence these opinions play an important role in determining assessed value; our model aims to capture this information accordingly. Our experiments are based on large-scale review sets (approximately 30,000 reviews) collected from real-world portals such as Amazon, Mouthshut and IMDB. Validation using this real-world data confirms the superiority of our model. We demonstrate that the utility value when modeled as a function of time on the most valued attributes, provides business insights.
A new synthon in heterocycle synthesis

A tetraehlorobenzodioxinone, prepared from 2-phenyl-4-benzyl-2-oxazolin-5-one and o-chloranil was found to react with clhanol to give the ester 6. This compound reacted readily with various bis-nucleophiles to form five- and six-membered helerocyclic compounds.
The East German Regime and Soviet Policy in Germany

THE COMMUNIST REGIME in East Germany, which calls itself the German Democratic Republic (DDR), weathered the frenzied weeks of political change in Poland and abortive revolution in Hungary with an inflexibility that has made it a paragon of satellite stalwartness. Neus Deutsckland, organ of the dominant Socialist Unity Party (SED), entered into vituperative and aggressive interchanges with Polish advocates of "humanitarian socialism" who had rallied around Gomulka.L The Hungarian uprising was from the start condemned as the work of "counter-revolutionary bandits."2 The Central Committee of the SED issued a special declaration welcoming the intervention of Soviet troops in Hungary as a "service to peace" and greeting the formation of the Kadar government with profusions of "fraternal solidarity."-3 National communism was denounced as a policy conceived by the National Security Council in Washington to split the socialist camp and to isolate the Soviet Union.4 The SED served notice that the power of the secret police would be employed, if need be, to secure the continued allegiance of the regime to the USSR and of the SED rank and file to the Ulbricht leadership. In the words of the Minister of State Security, Ernst Wollweber,
SBW - a modular framework for systems biology

A large number of software packages are available to assist researchers in systems biology. In this paper, we describe the current state of the Systems Biology Workbench (SBW), a modular framework that connects modeling and analysis applications, enabling them to reuse each other's capabilities. We describe how users and developers will perceive SBW and then focus on currently available SBW modules. The software, tutorial manual, and test models are freely available from the Computational and Systems Biology group at Keck Graduate Institute. Source code is available from SourceForge. The software is open source and licensed under BSD.
PATH Investigations in Vehicle-Roadside Cooperation and Safety: A Foundation for Safety and Vehicle-Infrastructure Integration Research

The California Partners for Advanced Transit and Highways (PATH) has been active in researching vehicle-roadside cooperation since 1988. Through the years PATH's work in automation has spawned a considerable body of research in related topics of safety and vehicle-infrastructure cooperation. These topics are summarized by exemplar projects in areas of heavy vehicle driver assistance, cooperative forward collision avoidance, intersection safety and vehicle-infrastructure integration. While this review is by no means comprehensive, it illustrates the past, present and future of PATH and underscores our contribution toward and vision for future research in these topics
Bacterial and Human Cell Mutagenicity and Mouse Lung Tumorigenicity of the Oxygenated Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbon Phenalenone

Abstract Phenalenone (perinaphthenone) is a major oxygenated polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (oxy-PAH) atmospheric pollutant formed from the combustion of fossil fuels. Mutagenicity of phenalenone was measured in quantitative forward mutation assays withSalmonella typhimuriumTM677 and metabolically competent human B-lymphoblastoid cell lines (MCL-5 and h1A1v2 cells), and its tumorigenicity was also assessed in a newborn mouse assay. Phenalenone was mutagenic inSalmonellain the presence of rat liver postmitochondrial supernatant (PMS) at a minimum detectable mutagen concentration (MDMC) of 12 μg/ml, but was not mutagenic in the absence of PMS at concentrations up to 100 μg/ml. Phenalenone was not significantly mutagenic in either human cell line after 28 hr treatment, although mutant fractions were increased by nearly fivefold in h1A1v2 cells (at thetklocus) exposed at 30 μg/ml. However, after 72 hr treatment, phenalenone was mutagenic at thehprtlocus in h1A1v2 cells with an MDMC of 3 μg/ml. Phenalenone was also tumorigenic in male BLU:Ha mice with a lung tumor incidence of 33% 6 months after injection with 4.2 mg phenalenone, the highest dose tested. Lung tumor multiplicity in this treatment group was 0.5 tumor/mouse. No increase in lung tumors in female mice was observed. Indices of lung tumor incidence (ED50) and multiplicity (TM1.0) for male mice were 29.3 and 34.9 μmol, respectively. These data suggest that phenalenone does not contribute significantly to the mutagenicity or carcinogenicity of combustion emission extracts.
The curing of epoxy resins with aminophenoxycyclotriphosphazenes

Aminophenoxycyclotriphosphazenes have been used as curing agents for epoxy resins. The thermal curing was performed in stages at 120–125 and 175–180°C followed by postcuring at 225°C to give tough brown polymers. The thermal curing reaction was monitored using FTIR and differential scanning calorimetry. Thermogravimetric analysis of the cured resins has shown thermal stability up to 350–340°C. The char yield obtained in nitrogen at 800°C was about 55–42% and in air at 700°C was about 40–32%. Graphite cloth laminates were prepared. The mechanical properties evaluated were found superior to those of commonly used epoxy resin systems. These resins are useful for making fire- and heat-resistant composites, laminates, molded parts, and adhesives.
ORTHOGONALITY CONDITION FOR THE POCHHAMMER-CHREE MODES

A new orthogonality condition for the Pochhammer-Chree modes of vibration of an elastic circular cylinder is derived. The relation derived generalizes the methods of the Sturm-Liouville theory to a class of non-self-adjoint problems with the eigenvalue parameter in the boundary conditions
MIMO Radar Detection and Adaptive Design Under a Phase Synchronization Mismatch

We consider the problem of target detection for multi-input multi-output radar with widely separated antennas in the presence of a phase synchronization mismatch between the transmitter and receiver pairs. Such mismatch often occurs due to imperfect knowledge of the locations and local oscillator characteristics of the antennas. First, we introduce a data model using a von Mises distribution to represent the phase error terms. Then, we employ an expectation-maximization algorithm to estimate the error distribution parameter, target returns, and noise variance. We develop a generalized likelihood ratio test target detector using these estimates. Based on the mutual information between the radar measurements and received target returns (and hence the phase error), we propose an algorithm to adaptively distribute the total transmitted energy among the transmitters. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we demonstrate that the adaptive energy allocation, increase in the phase information, and realistic measurement modeling improve the detection performance.
Compressive osseointegration of tibial implants in primary cancer reconstruction.

Compressive osseointegration technology, which provides immediate, mechanically compliant endoprosthetic fixation, has been adapted for massive proximal tibial reconstructions in an attempt to avoid aseptic failure encountered with conventional stems. A retrospective review of 16 patients with resected tumors was undertaken to determine whether compressive osseointegration can provide durable anchorage of tibial implants. Medical records, radiographs, and clinical examinations were reviewed to assess surgical, local disease control, and prosthetic outcomes. The average age was 18 years (range, 12–42 years). Diagnoses included osteosarcoma (12), Ewing sarcoma (two), chondrosarcoma (one), and undifferentiated sarcoma (one). Minimum followup was 2 years (mean, 4.5 years; range, 2–10.3 years); no patient was lost to followup. There were no local recurrences. Four patients developed metastatic disease; one patient died of his primary tumor, and another died from a chemotherapy-related malignancy. Complications included one early deep infection that ultimately resulted in prosthetic loosening and the need for an above-knee amputation. There were two late deep infections; prosthetic retention was achieved with debridement and antibiotics. One patient developed aseptic loosening and underwent revision; the other 15 implants provided stable osseointegration at last followup. Compressive osseointegration technology can thus achieve acceptable short-term endoprosthetic fixation results and may reduce the risk of aseptic loosening reported with conventional tibial stems.
Hepatitis E virus infections in children age 0-15, Uganda outbreak, 2007.

Abstract Background The epidemiology of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections among children is not well understood, with some studies reporting that hepatitis E infections do not affect children. Objectives We analyzed seroepidemiologic data collected during a hepatitis E outbreak in Uganda to determine prevalence of past and recent HEV infections among children aged 0–15 years. Study design Individuals were randomly selected from a household census to participate in a seroprevalence survey. We analyzed data on IgM and IgG antibody to HEV among children aged 0–15 years. We categorized the study population by age group [aged 0–5, 6–10, and 11–15 years], and further stratified the youngest children [aged 0–1, 2–3, and 4–5 years]. Presence of IgG anti-HEV alone indicated past HEV infection, whereas recent infection was defined as presence of IgM anti-HEV with or without IgG anti-HEV. Results Among children aged 0–15 years ( N = 244), prevalence of past HEV infection was 25.4% (62/244) and was highest among children aged 0–5 years [31.0% (27/87)]. Evidence of recent HEV infection was detected in 37.3% (91/244) of children aged 0–15 years. Among younger children, recent HEV infection increased with age from 4.3% (1/23) in children aged 0–1 year to 36.7% (11/30) in children aged 4–5 years. Conclusion These data show that children are not spared from HEV infections. Illness during childhood in developing countries is common and HEV infections may be misdiagnosed as another acute illness, or under diagnosed. The lack of clinical care, HEV diagnostics, and surveillance in developing countries limit our full understanding of hepatitis E epidemiology.
Silica-Supported Au and Pt Nanoparticles and CO Adsorption

The understanding of the surface properties of metal nanoparticles is essential for exploiting their unique catalytic properties. This paper reports findings of the preparation of silica-supported Pt and Au nanoparticles and the FTIR characterization of CO adsorption on the supported nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were prepared by both a traditional impregnation method and molecular-capping based synthesis method. By comparing the spectroscopic characteristics of CO adsorption on these catalysts, similarities and differences in CO stretching bands have been identified. The findings are significant because important insights have been gained into the surface binding properties of Au and Pt nanoparticle catalysts.
Inactivated Hepatitis A Vaccine: A Safety And Immunogenicity Study In Health Professionals

The safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated hepatitis A vaccine (HM175) were evaluated in 151 seronegative health professionals (age range, 21-65 years; mean, 30). A 720-ELISA unit dose was administered to 78 vaccinees at 0, 1, and 6 months and to 73 vaccinees at 0, 1, and 12 months. Seroconversion rates were 90% in both groups 1 month after the first inoculation and 99% and 100%, respectively, 1 month after the second inoculation. Geometric mean antibody titers (GMTs) 1 month after the third inoculation were highest in the group vaccinated at 0, 1, and 12 months. GMTs were higher in women than in men. The vaccine was well tolerated; the most frequent side effect was transient soreness at the site of inoculation. No serious adverse reactions were observed. Thus, HM175 inactivated hepatitis A vaccine is safe and highly immunogenic.
Organizational Outcomes Following Traumatic Workplace Incidents: A Practice-Based Exploration of Impact of Incident Severity Level

Traumatic workplace events (critical incidents) occur with unfortunate regularity and with significant repercussions for affected organizations. Critical incident stress management (CISM) units, often a specialty component of employee assistance programs, provide consultation and support for workplace incidents. While CISM seeks to support both individual and organizational outcomes, trauma research oriented toward individual traumatic stress dominates the literature, mirroring practitioner training that tends to emphasize clinical over organizational practice. This research contributes to less-prevalent studies that explore organizational-level outcomes. Despite the facts that social workers play a central role in critical incident response and CISM units collect massive amounts of practice data, there are no published social work studies capitalizing on the potential of existing critical incident data. Employing the methodology of clinical data mining, this practice-based, exploratory research examines ...
Central Ideas in Chemistry: An Alternative Perspective

Central ideas define fundamental understandings in a domain and frame curriculum development, instruction, and assessment. How these central ideas are conceptualized can thus have a major impact on what teachers and instructors do in the classroom and on the understandings that students develop. This commentary presents a reflection on how central ideas are traditionally presented in introductory chemistry courses and suggests an alternative way of framing these understandings to convey a more authentic view of the nature of our discipline.
The Relationship between the BAE Level-of-Living Indexes and the Average Incomes of Farm Operators

T HE Bureau of Agricultural Economics has recently extended its j"Farm-Operator Family Level-of-Living Indexes" for counties in the United States to cover the years 1930 and 19501 in addition to the previously published estimates for 1940 and 1945.2 In spite of the widespread use of the "Hagood" indexes as indicators of the level of welfare of rural people,3 there has been little effort to compare this index with other measures of rural welfare, such as Staab and Harris4 have done with the "Sewell" status scale.5 Most of the discussion of the
Auspicious computing

Anthropologists working in the technology industry are nothing new. Lucy Suchman and Julian Orr blazed that trail at Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) in the late 1970s; they helped shed light on a range of organizational and work practices, documenting the ways in which people responded to the influx of new technologies such as early photocopying machines and computer-aided design (CAD) programs. Indeed, the late Marc Weiser credits Suchman, Orr, and their PARC colleagues with helping him think through the "ubiquitous computing" notion and compelling him to animate it with real people and their daily lives. Currently, anthropologists and other social scientists still work at Xerox, Kodak, Microsoft, Whirlpool, Philips, and Intel. Not only do we continue to use anthropological methods and theories to make sense of everyday activities and cultural practices for a diverse industry audience, but we also find ways to challenge the implicit assumptions that underwrite our very notions of what technology could or should do. This paper examines one such set of assumptions that everyone seems to share about computing.
The Nitroblue Tetrazolium Test in Lymphoma

The nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) dye test was performed in 25 cases of lymphoma. Four of six patients with active, untreated lymphoma and with no evidence of bacterial infection had positive NBT tests (more than 10% of neutrophils reduced the dye to formazan). One of these four patients had occasional negative tests. The NBT tests of 17 patients with lymphoma who were either receiving chemotherapy or were in untreated remission were negative (10% of neutrophils or less reduced the dye). Two other patients had intermittently positive NBT tests. One had active disease and was on maintenance chemotherapy. The other was in clinical remission and was not on therapy. The tests of 21 normal controls were negative. The NBT test can be positive in lymphomas uncomplicated by infection and may be suppressed by chemotherapy or corticosteroids.
Social Consequences of the Industrialization of Southern Cities

seen to be of primary importance for the development of status symbols and levels. Status symbols and ranking in Sucre inevitably lag behind the acquisition of economic or political power, at times by as much as one or two generations. It is moreover possible for symbols of high status and actual social class position to persist after the vanishing of the power which achieved them. This lag and persistence is of limited duration, and does not deny the fundamental relationship. On the other hand, it has probably been responsible for obscuring this connection, and for the production of so many divergent views on the meaning of social and economic class. Yet for the purposes of sociological arrangement, separate values can be seen to lie in each of these classifications. Many of the facts of observation are more readily classifiable by the status and ethnic concepts than by the economic. For each type of sociological problem a tentative preliminary analysis should indicate the relative utility of the three concepts, or might develop other modes of classification yet more suitable to the specific problem. It may be stated in summary that the concept of status stratification is an undoubted aid in the study of a Latin American urban community, but it cannot supersede the other concepts. The close relationship of status stratification, along with that of social mobility, to economic class should be kept in mind. Although the ethnic stratification retains some greater separateness because of the inclusion of the racial factor, these three ways of classifying the data from this community reveal a fundamental convergence. This study suggests that social stratification depends on a complex set of interrelated attributes rather than operating as a function of one variable.3'
The Stress Management Workshop for Medical Students : Realizing Psychiatry's Potential.

Stress management workshops have been used in psychiatric training programs, both the medical student and resident levels. However, their use has been sparingly described. A workshop of this nature was adapted for use with medical students at the University of Illinois and presented as an elective in 1994 and 1995. Seventeen percent of the students in each class of 180 chose this elective. Questionnaire results indicated that the course was well received and that the students selecting the course were predominantly attracted to the "non procedural" specialties. Almost half the students indicated that the course had made them consider a career in psychiatry and that their attitude toward psychiatry had become more positive. Every student taking the course stated that it should be repeated and was helpful in their own personal stress management. The stress management workshop may be a useful and needed adjunct to medical school training.
Studies on the characterization of pure submaxillary gland renin.

SummaryThe effect of the recently obtained pure submaxillary gland renin on blood pressure and its action on rat plasma renin substrate to generate angiotensin were studied. Administration of subnanogram quantities of this renin to nephrectomized rats caused a sustained rise of blood pressure and decrease in sensitivity of the animal to angiotensin. The optimum pH of its reaction with substrate was between 8 and 8.5 and under appropriate conditions the rate of angiotensin generation was proportional to the amount of enzyme, substrate concentration, and time of incubation. The enzyme liberated angiotensin from plasma renin substrate of a number of species.
Population Biology of Cavity Nesters in Northern Arizona - Do Nest Sites Limit Breeding Densities

Breeding densities of secondary (i.e., nonexcavating) cavity-nesting birds are often assumed to be limited by availability of nest sites. We investigated this assumption for species breeding in northern Arizona's ponderosa pine forests. In 1979, we installed nest boxes on three treatment plots that differed in habitat structure and monitored breeding densities of six species through the 1983 breeding season. The effect of nest boxes was evaluated by comparing breeding densities on three treatment plots from 1980 to 1983 with: (1) pretreatment densities (1973 to 1975, 1979), and (2) densities on control plots from 1980 to 1983. We observed variation in the importance of nest-site limitation among treatment plots and species. Overall breeding densities (all species combined) increased significantly on only two treatment plots. Individual species' responses were influenced by habitat structure, and breeding densities of only three species were apparently limited by nest sites before boxes were installed; Violet-green Swallows (Tachycineta thalassina), Pygmy Nuthatches (Sitta pygmaea), and Western Bluebirds (Sialia mexicana). A given species' breeding density in northern Arizona is nest-site limited if it is locally common and reliant on dead trees for nest sites. Availability of food or foraging substrate and territoriality may determine an upper limit to breeding densities if nest sites are in ample supply.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 1994. Results of the survey of the SFCERO on 4624 cases

Le but de cette etude est d'evaluer les resultats de la cholecystectomie laparoscopique en 1994 sur une large communaute de chirurgiens. Cette etude a ete realisee de facon prospective et anonyme aupres des membres de la SFCERO. Tous les patients dont la cholecystectomie a ete debutee par laparoscopie en 1994 ont ete inclus. Resultats : 4624 cholecystectomies ont ete realisees par 150 chirurgiens. Il y avait 3310 femmes (42,5 ± 19,8 ans) et 1314 hommes (56,3 ± 16,1 ans). Le taux de conversion est de 6,9 % : 4261 interventions, entierement realisees par laparoscopie (groupe I), et 320 conversions (groupe II). La morbidite est de 5% (N = 230) : 4,7% dans le Groupe I (N = 203) et 8,4 % dans le groupe II (N = 27). La mortalite est de 0,2 % (N = 9) : 4 complications intra-abdominales (3 peritonites et une reintervention biliaire), 2 defaillances cardiaques et un accident vasculaire cerebral. Dans 2 cas, l'origine du deces n'est pas precisee. Ces resultats montrent que si le taux de mortalite et de morbidite ont peu change par rapport aux debuts de la technique, la frequence des traumatismes de la voie biliaire principale semble avoir diminue. Le taux de conversion en laparotomie a legerement progresse.
Conrad’s shorter fiction: 1901–1902

In the 1901–2 period Conrad wrote five stories, including two of his great tales, ‘Typhoon’ and ‘The End of the Tether’. While the former was published with ‘Falk: A Reminiscence’, ‘Amy Foster’, and ‘Tomorrow’ in Typhoon (1903), the latter appeared with ‘Youth’ and ‘Heart of Darkness’ in Youth (1902). ‘Falk: A Reminiscence’ and ‘Amy Foster’ reflect Conrad’s continuing interest in the epistemological quest of a dramatised first person narrator. But the other tales are significant departures in their exploration of the possibilities of the omniscient voice. When Conrad discovered that he did not want to dramatise exclusively subjective states of mind, he turned again to the omniscient narrator. Although Conrad had used a primitive version of that voice in his first two novels and in a few of his early stories, he now learned in these stories how to control the readers’ responses by means of subtle modulations of tone, changing perspectives, deft withholding of crucial information, and manipulation of chronology. Conrad originally experimented with these techniques when writing his Marlow tales. But he still had to adopt them to the omniscient voice that he preferred when he was examining a panoramic situation or when he knew exactly what he thought about the central dramatic situation of a work. As we shall see, much of the art of the next two novels, Nostromo and The Secret Agent, depends upon the subtlety and control of the omniscient voice.
799 Epidemiology of burns and subsequent care seeking in Maringá, Brazil

Background Like other injuries, the majority of burns (90%) occur in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). However, burn epidemiology is highly variable between regions, with females having a higher prevalence in some areas. This projects aims to examine the demographics of burn patients and the proportion and characteristics of those who seek care. Methods Injury and burn injury data was collected by survey on care seeking behaviour after injury in Maringa, Brazil between May and September 2015. Surveys compiled household demographics, then randomly selected one household member to provide lifetime injury history. Injuries due to burns were analysed by frequency and chi-square to describe the relationship between burns and care seeking with consideration to gender, occupation and injury severity, defined as immediate loss of normal functioning. Results 2678 surveys were collected reporting 812 injuries including 120 burns. 86 (71.7%) of the reported burn patients were women and half (55%) were 18–55 years old. 31.4% of women were housewives and 32.7% of men were self-employed. Significantly more burn victims (39.2%) did not seek care compared to non-burn injury victims (9.66%, P Conclusions A disproportionate number of women are injured by burns in Maringa, similar to other LMIC likely due to gender roles. Of the women injured by burns, 40% did not seek care and almost a third of those women were severely injured, suggesting significant barriers to appropriate treatment. This study offers important information on a subset of burn victims with potentially severe injuries that are not accounted for due to the fact that they did not seek care.
A Study on Calcium Transfer from Slag to Steel and its Effect on Modification of Alumina and Spinel Inclusions

Aluminum deoxidized steel tends to form solid inclusions (alumina, spinel, partially modified calcium aluminates). These solid inclusions are known to present challenges during casting, cause slivers during mechanical working and act as crack initiation sites for mechanical failure. Calcium injection practice has been used by the industry to transform these solid inclusions into liquid inclusions for several decades. There has been a significant amount of study to understand the mechanism of calcium modification of alumina/spinel inclusions. However, there has been little attempt to understand calcium transfer from slag to steel to inclusions that may modify alumina inclusions. In this study, laboratory deoxidation experiments were conducted using an induction furnace, physically simulating a ladle furnace; samples were taken during these experiments to study the extent of calcium transfer through inclusion analysis. This study shows that in the presence of silicon, there can be significant amount of calcium transfer from slag. Also, as the rate of calcium transfer from slag is limited by mass transfer in steel and slag, it is difficult to modify a large concentration of inclusions. However, an appreciable extent of calcium transfer was found in the case of lower concentration of inclusions (less than 150 ppm area fraction).
Improved Modeling of Geomagnetically Induced Currents Utilizing Derivation Techniques for Substation Grounding Resistance

This paper focuses on estimating the substation grounding resistance to improve the modeling of geomagnetically induced currents (GICs). Grounding resistances are not included in the standard power flow models, and their approximate values are often used for performing GIC studies. This paper provides an algorithm to estimate the resistances from the GIC measurements. This algorithm calculates the linear sensitivity factors of the GICs around the local grounding resistive components and uses linear regression to solve for the resistances. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated using both a small test case as well as a 62 500-bus model of the North American Eastern Interconnection.
Outcome of Patients with Light Chain Multiple Myeloma Compared to IgG/IgA Myeloma after Autologous Stem Cell Transplant

Introduction: High-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HCT) is the standard of care for younger patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM). In approximately 15% of MM patients the monoclonal (M) spike consists of k or l light chains only as opposed to heavy + light chains. It remains unclear whether light chain (LC) MM has a different prognosis compared to other monoclonal protein subtypes after an auto-HCT. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 1067 patients with MM who underwent auto-HCT between January 1, 2004 and January 1, 2011 at our institution. We evaluated the outcome of newly diagnosed patients with LCMM and compared it to patients with IgG or IgA MM, who underwent an auto-HCT after induction therapy. Primary endpoints were complete remission (CR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) from the date of auto-HCT. Kaplan-Meier analysis with the log-rank test was performed for univariate comparison of survival. Cox proportional hazards regression method was used for univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Of 1067 patients who underwent auto-SCT during the period, 223 underwent auto-SCT after relapse, and were excluded. From the remaining 844 who underwent auto-SCT in first remission, we excluded 102 patients (AL amyloidosis 60, POEMS and other plasma cell disorders 10, non-secretory MM 15, IgD 10, IgM 6 and IgE 1) from the analysis. The remaining 742 patients were divided as follows: IgA, 162 patients (22%); IgG, 444 (60%) and LC, 136 (18%). Baseline patient characteristics are described in Table 1. Patients with LCMM were younger and had a higher CR rate to induction. Median follow-up for the entire cohort after auto-HCT was 38 months (range, 0.2-87.0). Post auto-HCT, 28% with IgG/IgA MM and 38% with LCMM achieved a CR (p=0.015). Median PFS was 26.0 months and 27.7 months in IgG/IgA MM and LCMM groups, respectively (p= 0.742). Median OS was not reached and 71.1 months in IgG/IgA MM and LCMM groups, respectively (p= 0.18, Figure 1). Multivariate Cox regression analysis for PFS identified Conclusions: Patients with LCMM have a higher CR rate after auto-HCT, but their PFS and OS were similar to patients with IgG/IgA MM. Disclosures Shah:Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding. Thomas:Novartis, Celgene, Acerta Pharmaceuticals, Idera Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding.
Judicial Responses to Counter-Terrorism Law after September 11

ABSTRACTThe role of the courts is quite important, especially in the protection of individual rights and liberties. Many counter-terrorism policies implemented at the national level often infringe on these rights, and courts are the best line of defense against these violations of liberty. However, courts do not always rule in favor of liberty, sometimes ruling in favor of a strict government policy. This analysis seeks to explain the conditions that may lead courts to rule in favor of, or against, the government, arguing that political fragmentation is a potentially key factor in determining when particular case outcomes occur.
Analysis on iodized salt surveillance of Changzhou City in Jiangsu Province during 1996-2007

Objective To explore the qualification and consuming of iodized salt at wholesale and household levels after Salt Iodization.Methods Iodized salt surveillance at wholesale and household levels every year by detecting iodine content.Direct titration method(GB/T 13025.7-1999)was used for salt iodjne detecting and arbitration method was used for Sichuan salt and special salt.Results Five thousand six hundred and seventy five samples of 227 batches from 3 wholesale industries were detected during 1996-2000,batch qualification rate was 60.79%(138/227)and iodized salt qualification rate was 61.83%(3509/5675).During 2001-2007,2556 samples of 252 batches from wholesale levels were detected.The batch qualification rate and iodized salt qualification rate were 1 00%(252/252)and 99.88%(2553/2556),respectively.At household level.1583 samples from 236 villages were detected during 1996-2000.Iodized salt qualification rate was 74.24%(1 170/1576)and consuming rate of qualified iodized salt was 73.91%(1 170/1583)and iodine median was 45.14 mg/kg.During 2001-2007,13 140 samples from 1656 villages were detected.Iodized salt qualification rate,consuming rate 0f qualified iodized salt and iodine median were 98.03%(12 830/13 088),97.64%(12 830/13 140)and 30.13 mg/kg,respectively. The most difference of iodine content was 3.46 mg/kg in 3 wholesale industries.At household level there was a 4.95%reduction in comparison with at wholesale level.Conclusions Salt iodization level and edible iodine salt reach the national requirements of iodine deficiency control from the starting stage.The quality 0f iodized saIt at household level related to the exclusive wholesale industry and loss phenomenon maybe existed when salt was sold from wholesale industries to residents. Key words: Iodine; Salts; Outcome assessment
Protein aggregation in Ehrlichia chaffeensis during infection of mammalian cells

Ehrlichia chaffeensis is an obligatory intracellular pathogen transmitted through infected ticks to humans and other vertebrates. We investigated the extent of protein aggregation in E. chaffeensis during infection of canine macrophage cell line, DH82. We discovered that the size of the aggregated fraction of E. chaffeensis proteins increased during the first 48 h post infection. We also incubated the infected cells with guanidinium chloride (GuHCl), a known inhibitor of the protein-disaggregating molecular chaperone ClpB. Up to 0.5 mM GuHCl had no impact on the host cells, whereas the viability of the pathogen was reduced by ∼60% in the presence of the inhibitor. Furthermore, we found that the size of the aggregated protein fraction in E. chaffeensis increased significantly in cultures supplemented with 0.5 mM GuHCl, which also resulted in the preferential accumulation of ClpB with the aggregated proteins. Altogether, our results suggest that an exposure of E. chaffeensis to the stressful environment of a host cell results in an increased aggregation of the pathogen's proteins, which is exacerbated upon inhibition of ClpB. Our studies establish a link between protein quality control and pathogen survival during infection of a host.
Commentary on “Reading Comprehension Is Not a Single Ability”: Implications for Child Language Intervention

Purpose This commentary responds to the implications for child language intervention of Catts and Kamhi's (2017) call to move from viewing reading comprehension as a single ability to recognizing i...
Extending utility of hierarchical models to multi-scale habitat selection

Aim Characterizing animal habitat selection is central to ecology and conservation, and understanding selection across multiple spatial scales is a particular priority for research. However, the ability of selection models to capture multi-scale response has been limited by the dual analytical hurdles of cross-scale collinearity and overlapping landscapes. The aim of this study was to overcome these limitations using a novel, spatially hierarchical approach. Location North America's northern Great Plains (U.S.A. and Canada). Methods We developed a novel adaptation of the occupancy modelling framework that integrates animal response conditionally across scales. We then compared outcomes to those from a traditional multi-scale model. We illustrated our approach using the breeding distribution of two North American grassland songbirds of conservation concern, Sprague's Pipit Anthus spragueii and Chestnut-collared Longspur Calcarius ornatus. Results Our model successfully captured bird response to local habitat within a broader landscape context, even when habitat associations occurred in opposite directions across scale. Probabilities of occupancy were more strongly affected by local conditions when landscape context was favourable than when it was unfavourable. The traditional multi-scale approach extended problems of scale into spatial predictions by over-estimating occurrence where conditions were locally favourable but regionally unsuitable. Main conclusions The spatially hierarchical approach provides an integrated model of habitat selection across scales by allowing broader landscape context to shape local response to conditions. For grassland songbirds, our application enabled targeting that could enhance the expected benefits of conservation when compared to the traditional approach.
The Myths and Truths About Comparing Syndromic Data Across Sites

Objective As the BioSense Platform matures and more sites submit surveillance data, many in the community have voiced concerns about comparing data across sites. Recently, a number of jurisdictions from across the country were asked to provide opioid overdose data to a news agency highlighting the epidemic. Many jurisdictions requested information on how to present syndromic surveillance data from across sites and shared concern about how the data would be interpreted. This round table will address those concerns and explore options for comparing data across sites. Introduction One of the more recent successes of NSSP has been the introduction of more robust data quality monitoring and reporting. However, despite the increased insight into data quality, there are still concerns about data sharing and comparisons across sites. For NSSP to be most effective, users need to feel confident in sharing data and making comparisons across sites. Description This round table session will focus on determining where the real issues are, where the myths are, and how to overcome these challenges. Topics will include data quality issues that will affect comparisons, methods for comparing data across sites, and best practices for sharing data across sites and dealing with interpretation concerns. How the Moderator Intends to Engage the Audience in Discussions on the Topic The moderator will provide two or three real world examples of comparisons across sites and/or HHS regions. The following questions will guide the discussion: - What are the pros of not comparing data across sites? - What are the cons of not comparing data across sites? - What are the best practices for users to consider when attempting to compare across sites – are there criteria when comparisons should not be allowed? - What development items are suggested to the system to allow the user to better evaluate comparing data across regions? - Even with the potential issues when comparing across sites, are there accepted practices that could help describe the data and/or limitations until some of the issues are better addressed?
Evaluating Tools and Resources for Sustainability and Resilience Planning

The seventh chapter of the book provides a cursory and illustrative review of available resources, tools, and assistance for sustainability and resilience planning for local governments to attain maximum resilience and sustain communities. Beyond consulting services, resources and tools are available at no or economically feasible cost and require internal coordination, staffing, and management. The chapter provides a brief overview of accessible national, state, and regional level resources and organizations supporting the climate preparedness and resilience efforts, including available tools for carbon footprint inventory or greenhouse gas emissions reporting. An illustrative overview of a template of a sustainability and resilience plan is provided. A template for integrating a climate readiness into emergency preparedness and disaster mitigation plan is offered.
Cohort Studies in Criminology

The present longitudinal research concerning the comparative delinquency careers of males in two large birth cohorts must be viewed within an historical criminological context. The discipline has only recently embraced the investigation of criminal careers using the longitudinal method, although the desirability of investigating the criminal behavior of cohorts has been indicated in the literature for a very long time.
Arthroscopic Repair of Chronic Ankle Instability

Lateral ankle ligament sprains are some of the most common injuries encountered in the orthopedic office, occurring in an estimated 1/10,000 persons per day.1 These injuries can be seen in as many as 40% of all sports injuries.2 While the majority of acute ankle sprains heal reliably with activity modification and physical therapy/ankle rehabilitation, approximately 29–42% of patients experience chronic functional ankle instability.3 Functional lateral instability, as introduced by Freeman et al., describes a subjective complaint of giving way in the ankle joint.4 Tropp’s work further described this condition as motion beyond voluntary control, but not exceeding the physiologic range of motion.5 Mechanical instability is motion beyond the normal physiologic limits of the ankle joint. This is manifested as excessive anterolateral ankle laxity.
Understanding Sourcing as a Strategic Business: The Risks and Rewards of Strategic Sourcing and Inter-Firm Alliances In India

The Jones Center at the Wharton School has been studying outsourcing, insourcing, and right-sourcing since 1991 [4]–[6]. Outsourcing, especially crossborder outsourcing, is increasing rapidly.1 The research questions being addressed in this study include, How is outsourcing used most effectively? What areas within the business should next be considered as areas for outsourcing? What regions, and what technologies, will next become central to the increase in outsourcing? What are the limitations to outsourcing? What applications should not be targets for outsourcing, which should not be considered appropriate for cross border outsourcing? For those areas deemed appropriate for outsourcing, what limits are there to outsourcing and how much should be retained for internal processing, if any? What are the concerns of outsourcing clients and how can they be addressed when selling outsourcing services? How will these concerns affect profitability of vendors, and how will addressing them affect profitability?
Use of Topical Coal Tar Foam for the Treatment of Psoriasis in Difficult-to-treat Areas.

Psoriasis in some body parts can be challenging to treat. Psoriasis in the scalp, palms and soles, and intertriginous areas differ from disease on other body parts, and treatment regimens must be tailored to these areas. The presence of hair, along with the frequent, thick scale of psoriasis makes the scalp a challenge to treat. Skin in the body’s intertriginous areas is often thin, limiting treatment options for inverse psoriasis. Finally, palmoplantar psoriasis is often resistant to topical therapies because of the thickness of the skin. Moreover, cosmetic acceptibilty of a topical medicine is important when treating these areas. Coal tar has been used to treat psoriasis for hundreds of years. In a novel foam vehicle, coal tar 2% is versatile and may be used to treat psoriasis even in challenging areas of the body, such as the scalp, intertriginous areas, and palms and soles.
The Care of the Self and the Masculine Birth of Science

L'A. demontre que les femmes ont ete peu presentes dans le monde scientifique naissant, en raison soit d'un manquement d'education scientifique, soit de differences dans les roles attribues naturellement aux hommes ou aux femmes
Microstructure effects on the detonation velocity of a heterogeneous high-explosive

Although numerous methods exist for the theoretical calculation of detonation parameters of explosives, few thermodynamic-hydrodynamic-based theoretical codes take into account particle size. The b...
Theory of Dephasing of Impurities in Glasses

Twelve years ago ZELLER and POHL [1] showed that below 1 [K] the thermal conductivity and the heat capacity of amorphous solids behave in a strikingly different way from those of crystalline solids. Since then a number of studies found that other low-temperature properties such as acoustic, dielectric and spin-relaxation properties are also unusual [2], These results indicate that there is a continuum of low-energy excitations in the amorphous systems which is absent in the crystalline solids. It is generally recognized that the low-energy modes arise from tunneling of an atom or a group of atoms between two energy minima of a double-well through a potential barrier. A random distribution of the energy asymmetry of the well depths and the barrier heights gives a broad distribution of energies and a nearly constant density of states for the so-called two-level systems (TLS) [3,4]. This model is essentially phenomenological and its justification lies ultimately in the fact that it explains most of the data successfully. In this paper we discuss another unusual effect, namely, the anomalous dephasinq of optically active impurities which seems to arise from interactions with TLS at low temperatures.