cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Interferon Inducers in Therapy of Infection with Encephalomyocarditis Virus in Mice. II. Effect of Multiple Doses of Polyriboinosinic-Polyribocytidylic Acid on Viral Pathogenesis

These studies were designed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of multiple doses of an interferon inducer, polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid, in encephalomyocarditis virus infection of mice. The results indicated that suppression of a detectable viremia was essential to the successful protection of mice from the lethal consequences of infection. The viremic phase of the infection could be delayed or partially suppressed without protection. The data strongly suggest that once the central nervous system had been seeded and virus replication had begun, inducer therapy was ineffective in altering the outcome of infection. This fact could be attributed in part to the low levels of interferon found in brain tissue after intraperitoneal administration of polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid. Also, animals that received the most effective regimen of the interferon inducer and that survived the infection were not protected against a second infection with the same virus, an observation suggesting that the incidence of circulating antibody to encephalomyocarditis virus is reduced after the initial infection.
Amphibian Biology and Husbandry

Extant amphibians comprise three lineages-- salamanders (Urodela or Caudata), frogs and toads (Anura), and caecilians (Gymnophiona, Apoda, or Caecilia)--which contain more than 6,000 species. Fewer than a dozen species of amphibians are commonly maintained in laboratory colonies, and the husbandry requirements for the vast majority of amphibians are poorly known. For these species, a review of basic characteristics of amphibian biology supplemented by inferences drawn from the morphological and physiological characteristics of the species in question provides a basis for decisions about housing and feeding. Amphibians are ectotherms, and their skin is permeable to water, ions, and respiratory gases. Most species are secretive and, in many cases, nocturnal. The essential characteristics of their environment include appropriate levels of humidity, temperature, and lighting as well as retreat sites. Terrestrial and arboreal species require moist substrates, water dishes, and high relative humidity. Because temperature requirements for most species are poorly known, it is advisable to use a temperature mosaic that will allow an animal to find an appropriate temperature within its cage. Photoperiod may affect physiology and behavior (especially reproduction and hibernation), and although the importance of ultraviolet light for calcium metabolism by amphibians is not yet known, ecological observations suggest that it might be important for some species of frogs. Some amphibians are territorial, and some use olfactory cues to mark their territory and to recognize other individuals of their species. All amphibians are carnivorous as adults, and the feeding response of many species is elicited by the movement of prey. Diets should include a mixture of prey species, and it may be advisable to load prey with vitamins and minerals.
Input data redundancy in interpolation-based neural nets

Summary form only given, as follows. The problem of associative memory synthesis via multivariate interpolation is considered. The particular issue addressed is the possibility of detecting and eliminating redundant input data from the set of exemplars. The redundancy is detected via orthogonalization carried out in a reproducing kernel Hilbert space setting. >
Market And Welfare Effects Of Multi-Product Mergers With Reference To Tyson-IBP Merger

In this paper, we provide a conceptual framework for analyzing the market and welfare effects of mergers that result in multiproduct firms producing strongly demand-related products and derive the conditions under which such type of mergers improve welfare. The Tyson-IBP merger is used as an empirical application of the model. Using estimates of own- and cross-price elasticities of demand for beef, pork, and chicken, we infer that the Tyson-IBP merger has generated the cost-efficiencies necessary to make consumers and livestock producers better off.
Human Resource Development and Effective Instruction in Primary and Secondary Education in Nigeria

The paper harped on problems hampering education from the perspective of human resource development through teacher quality. It emphasised on optimal human resource development as vital in realisation of National Objectives, since development of human skills is vital and fundamental to National development, evident in provisions in such regard in Nigeria's National Policy on Education. It identified problems such as shortcomings of teacher quality and adequacy exemplified in lack of specialisation, low teacher and high pupil ratio, influx of non-professional and other constraints such as gender streamlining; non-conducive teaching - learning environment; unfavourable attitudinal disposition, lack of constant improvement in-service programmes and factor of adequate remuneration. It recommends the need for premium on education, proper funding of education, enhanced strict specialisation; commensurate remuneration, constant workshops, and creating conducive teaching - learning environment. Such were pointed as hallmark of developed and developing countries of relevance in comity of Nations today. Specifically, the paper will address in relation to teacher quality dimension, teacher availability, teacher training opportunity; and constraints in teacher performance.
Making Sure They Want It: Managing Successful Public Programs

Archivists and educators who seek to create successful public programs must base them on sound information about what their public wants. This case study, based on the author's experience in managing the National Archives school materials programs, describes simple ways to find this out and act on it.
Being Spoiled Rotten ( Sajiao 撒嬌): Lessons in Gratitude

This chapter deals with hierarchy-based emotions to show how the hierarchical structure of the Confucian society shapes emotions and allows for self-indulgence to be negotiated. A case in point is sajiao, which is an expression of intimacy and subordination, a privileged display of affect reserved primarily for children and can be extended to young women and lovers. The combination of self-indulgence and subordination in a relational context is a recipe for gratitude, which will be examined as an alternative route, instead of cold reason, to self-control.
Nonstationary compartmental modeling: application to receptor binding in PET

626 Objectives Nonstationary compartmental models (NCMs) allow kinetic parameters to change during the scan and are thus useful to characterize physiological response to a stimulus administered either before or during the PET examination. This abstract presents a general method for analysis of nonstationary models. We show an example of application of the technique to modeling of D2 receptor binding with C11 raclopride and amphetamine stimulus. Methods We assume classical 1-, 2-, and 3-tissue compartment kinetic models. In general, any of the kinetic parameters describing the model kx, x=1,…,6 is allowed to change during the scan and therefore they are functions of time kx(t). These functions are modeled by splines with adjustable numbers of knots to model the complexity of kx(t)9s (no functional model is assumed). The Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm is used to determine probable knot locations and knot values. Based on estimated knot characteristics, functions kx(t) or macroparameters (e.g. volume of distribution or binding potential) are determined. We apply the technique to full reference 2-tissue compartment modeling of C11 raclopride in two monkeys with nonstationary regimes induced by administration of amphetamine during the scan. We assume that only k3 (reflecting availability of receptors not occupied by the tracer or neurotransmitter, which is modulated by the drug challenge) was affected and modeled it as k3(t) using the first order spline and 3 knots. Other parameters were assumed constant and unknown. Results We obtained an excellent agreement of the Bayesian-model prediction with the data. The algorithm correctly identified time of stimulus injections by finding the first knot location very close to 30 min. The results were in agreement with previously published analysis using simplified models. Conclusions The NCMs provide a useful, robust, and flexible tool to extend classical kinetic modeling. Research Support R01CA165221, R21NS072148, R01MH100350
Evidence of rapid subglacial water piracy under Whillans Ice Stream, West Antarctica

The subglacial water system of lower Whillans Ice Stream on the Siple Coast, West Antarctica, contains numerous connected subglacial lakes in three hydrological basins (northern, central and southern). We use Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) data to derive estimates of lake volume change and regional thickness changes. By combining these results with a water budget model, we show that a uniform, localized thickness increase perturbed the hydropotential, resulting in a change in course of a major flow path within the system in 2005. Water originating from upper Whillans and Kamb Ice Streams that previously supplied the southern basin became diverted toward Subglacial Lake Whillans (SLW). This diversion led to a tenfold filling rate increase of SLW. Our observation suggests that water piracy may be common in the Siple Coast region, where the gentle basal relief makes the basal hydropotential particularly sensitive to small changes in ice thickness. Given the previously inferred connections between water piracy and ice-stream slowdown elsewhere in the region, the subtle and complex nature of this system presents new challenges for numerical models.
Numerical Modelling of Nearshore Circulation

Waves impinging on beaches induce mean flows, such as longshore and rip currents. This nearshore circulation is of fundamental importance in the study of the transport of nearshore contaminants as well as littoral materials. Analytic models of this nearshore flow {see, e.g. 4, 9, 11, 12) have been constrained to be linear (in the governing equations) and simplistic in the bottom topography. Only recently have numerical models been developed to examine more complex situations. Steady state, finite difference models (1, 14), as well as a finite element model (10), have been proposed. The numerical model, developed by Birkemeier and Dalrymple (1), allowed for time dependency. Yet, in all of these cases, the governing equations have not included the nonlinear convective accelerations or lateral mixing terms. In this study, a nonlinear numerical model is presented based on a leapfrog finite difference scheme, which includes time dependency and eddy viscosity terms. Results are shown for a planar beach showing a comparison with the analytical longshore current models (with and without lateral mixing) of Longuet-Higgins (11, 12). The longshore current over a prismatic beach profile including an offshore bar is presented next, showing the effects of the bar on the velocity profile. The circulation set-up by a rip channel inset into a plane beach is then computed. A comparison is made to the linear model of Birkemeier and Dalrymple. Finally the model is applied to the case of synchronous intersecting wave trains (4). An interesting result occurs when the waves are of different amplitudes, which could provide an explanation of the formation of finger bars on a beach.
Problematizing Philanthropy: How a Historical Study of the General Education Board in the US West Puts the "Social" in Race and Region as Social Constructs.

AbstractThis article explores how an examination of the philanthropic funding from the General Education Board (GEB) provided to the public schools in the western region of the US, particularly that impacting schools serving the historically marginalized cultures of the Latina/o, indigenous, and African American peoples, demonstrates just how fluid are the constructs of race and regionality. The article explores whether philanthropic funding followed the same racist and pecuniary patterns in the west/southwest as in the southeast and how actively researching that question reinforced the intersectionalities of race and region in defining the west as a social construct not conforming to geographic boundaries. Examining GEB funding should impact current thought regarding blindly accepting philanthropic influence in the public schools of the US.
Acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland : A 15-year review limited to a single surgeon at a single institution

The course of acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland following surgical and nonsurgical interventions is variable. The objective of this study was to report our experience in treating this disease and to evaluate the factors that might be involved in the treatment of the tumor and the prognosis of the patient. To limit the contributory variables that are usually found in most studies, we included only those patients (n = 11) who had been treated by a single surgeon at a single institution from 1988 through 2003. Hospital and office records were evaluated for demographic information, signs and symptoms, treatment modalities, pathology, and outcomes. Additional follow-up data were obtained through telephone interviews. For the most part, treatment included either superficial parotidectomy or total parotidectomy with facial nerve preservation; 1 patient with coexisting adenocarcinoma underwent a more radical procedure, and 4 patients underwent adjuvant radiation therapy. The most prevalent morphologic pattern of these tumors was microcystic. Follow-up ranged from 1 year and 3 months to 10 years and 9 months (mean: 4 yr and 11 mo). During that time, we found no recurrences of acinic cell carcinoma and no evidence of metastatic disease. Therefore, we conclude that acinic cell carcinoma can be successfully treated with a superficial or total parotidectomy with sparing of the facial nerve. Radiation therapy may provide adjunctive benefit.
Novel Computed Tomography Scoring System for Sinus Disease in Adults With Cystic Fibrosis

Objective:There is no easy to use scoring system for computed tomography (CT) scans of the sinuses that is specific to cystic fibrosis (CF). We propose a simple and easily implemented scoring system to quantify severity of sinus disease in adults with CF.Study Design:Case series with chart review.Setting:Academic tertiary-care referral center.Subjects:Sixty-nine adult patients with CF and 50 age-matched controls.Methods:We validated a scoring system for CF sinus disease. The CT scans were interpreted by 3 physicians on 2 separate sittings. Parameters include maxillary opacification, nasal obstruction, lateral nasal wall displacement, uncinate process absence/demineralization, and presence/absence of mucocele.Results:Patients with CF aged 21 to 30 years (mean = 24.7 ± 2.49). In CF cohort (n = 69), intrarater reliability for the 10 CT categories ranged from .70 to 1.00. Twenty-six (87%) were in the excellent range, and the remaining 4 (13%) were evaluated as good. In the non-CF cohort (n = 50), reliabilitie...
Classifying mental gestures with in-ear EEG

While brain-computer interfaces (BCI) based on electroencephalography (EEG) have improved dramatically over the past five years, their inconvenient, head-worn form factor has challenged their wider adoption. In this paper, we investigate how EEG signals collected from the ear could be used for “gestural” control of a brain-computer interface (BCI). Specifically, we investigate the efficacy of a support vector classifier (SVC) in distinguishing between mental tasks, or gestures, recorded by a modified, consumer headset. We find that an SVC reaches acceptable BCI accuracy for nine of the subjects in our pool (n=12), and distinguishes at least one pair of gestures better than chance for all subjects. User surveys highlight the need for longer-term research on user attitudes toward in-ear EEG devices, for discreet, non-invasive BCIs.
Principles of Large Deviations for the Empirical Processes of the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck Process

The present paper deals with principles of large deviations for the empirical processes of the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process. One such principle due to Donsker and Varadhan is well known. It uses as underlying space C(ℝ, ℝd) endowed with the topology of uniform convergence on compact sets. The principles of large deviations proved in the present paper use as underlying spaces appropriate subspaces of C(ℝ, ℝd) endowed with weighted supremum norms. These principles are natural generalizations of the principle of Donsker and Varadhan.
Resonantly enhanced second harmonic generation in the charge transfer band of DAN

Using a variety of fixed frequency and tunable laser sources, we investigated optical second harmonic generation (SHG) of wavelengths near and inside the charge transfer absorption band of the organic crystal DAN [4-(N,N-dimethylamino)-3-acetamidonitrobenzene]. This represents the first study of second harmonic generation in the absorption band of an organic nonlinear crystal, we believe.
{{\varvec{W}}}^{{\varvec{1,p}}}_{\varvec{\varphi }}-estimates for Green’s functions of the linearized Monge–Ampère operator

It is proved that Green’s functions associated to the linearized Monge–Ampere operator satisfy certain Sobolev-type estimates within the natural first-order calculus. Our main result extends the classical Sobolev estimates for Green’s functions due to Gruter and Widman (Manuscr Math 37(3):303–342, 1982) in the uniformly elliptic case and it addresses a question posed by Le (Manuscr Math 149:45–62, 2016) in the degenerate and/or singular Monge–Ampere setting.
On-chip infrared spectroscopic sensing: Redefining the benefits of scaling

Infrared (IR) spectroscopy is widely recognized as a gold standard technique for chemical analysis. Traditional IR spectroscopy relies on fragile bench-top instruments located in dedicated laboratory settings, and is thus not suitable for emerging field-deployed applications such as in-line industrial process control, environmental monitoring, and point-of-care diagnosis. Recent strides in photonic integration technologies provide a promising route towards enabling miniaturized, rugged platforms for IR spectroscopic analysis. It is therefore attempting to simply replace the bulky discrete optical elements used in conventional IR spectroscopy with their on-chip counterparts. This size down-scaling approach, however, cripples the system performance as both the sensitivity of spectroscopic sensors and spectral resolution of spectrometers scale with optical path length. In light of this challenge, we will discuss two novel photonic device designs uniquely capable of reaping performance benefits from microphotonic scaling. We leverage strong optical and thermal confinement in judiciously designed micro-cavities to circumvent the thermal diffusion and optical diffraction limits in conventional photothermal sensors and achieve a record 104 photothermal sensitivity enhancement [1–3]. In the second example, an on-chip spectrometer design with the Fellgett's advantage is analyzed. The design enables sub-nm spectral resolution on a millimeter-sized, fully packaged chip without moving parts.
Adjuvant Chemoradiation After Surgical Resection in Elderly Patients With High-Risk Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: A National Cancer Database Analysis

Abstract Purpose /Objective: To determine the patterns of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy use in elderly patients treated with definitive surgical resection for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck with extracapsular extension or positive margins and determine if an association with overall survival exists with adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Materials/Methods The National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) was queried to identify patients with SCC of the oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx and hypopharynx who were treated with primary definitive surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy between 2004 and 2012. For elderly patients (age >70 years) with pathology revealing extracapsular extension (ECE) or positive margin, the benefit of concurrent chemotherapy was explored using multivariable Cox proportional hazards modeling. Results 7,349 patients were identified meeting study criteria of whom 1,187 were elderly (age > 70) with a median follow up of 30.6 months. 445 of these elderly patients had ECE or positive margin and represent the study population of whom 187 (42%) received CRT. Delivery of CRT in this cohort increased over the study period and IMRT was associated with increased use of CRT (OR = 2.07; p=0.004). Increasing age was associated with reduced use of CRT (OR 0.88; p Conclusions The use of adjuvant CRT is increasing among elderly patients with resected squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck exhibiting ECE or positive margins. CRT was associated with an improvement in overall survival on multivariable analysis but not propensity weighted analysis. Among fit elderly patients with ECE or positive margins after definitive surgical resection, concurrent chemotherapy can be carefully considered.
Moderate, but not vigorous, intensity exercise training reduces C-reactive protein.

AbstractBackground: Sprint interval cycle training is a contemporary popular mode of training but its relative efficacy, under conditions of matched energy expenditure, to reduce risk factors for c...
Vibrational relaxation of small anions in a polymer film

Abstract Steady-state and ultrafast vibrational spectroscopy can help to elucidate the interactions between small anions and their environment because the anions’ infrared absorption frequencies and vibrational energy relaxation (VER) times depend strongly on those interactions. Their strong infrared absorptions also make many of these anions promising candidates for strong coupling to optical fields. Here, we report the vibrational energy relaxation of dicyanamide (DCA) in H 2 O and D 2 O and find that the so-called solvent isotope effect on VER is not as pronounced as for other anions. In addition, we report the infrared spectroscopy and VER lifetimes of DCA, N 3 − , and NCS − embedded in a polyelectrolyte polymer. We find that the polymer matrix accelerates VER in a similar fashion to H 2 O, but the detailed mechanism of this acceleration remains unclear.
The Effects of Timing of Ankle Blocks in Forefoot, Midfoot, or Hindfoot Reconstruction With the Use of an Ankle Tourniquet.

Background. Ankle blocks are used in the ambulatory surgery setting to control postoperative pain, which is often worst in the first 24 hours after surgery. We conducted a trial to determine whether the timing of ankle block administration in relation to ankle tourniquet inflation has an effect on perceived pain and narcotic consumption. Methods. A prospective randomized study was conducted between August 2015 and January 2016. Patients were assigned to three groups. In group A, an ankle block was performed before ankle tourniquet inflation; in group B, immediately after ankle tourniquet inflation; and in group C, immediately after ankle tourniquet inflation with additional local anesthetic placed around the incision at the end of the procedure. Pain was assessed by a visual analogue scale (VAS) score, which was recorded at discharge, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 2 weeks after surgery. Narcotic consumption was recorded at 24 and 48 hours after surgery. Results. The only statistically significant difference in ...
The Non-surgical Management of Ophthalmoplegia

Ophthalmoplegia can result from damage or dysfunction of the supranuclear eye movement pathways, the brainstem internuclear pathways, or the ocular motor nerves. Diplopia and impaired eye movements are commonly associated symptoms. The goal of non-surgical treatment is usually management of symptoms, and the primary tool used is prism. Results of recent studies in the neurorehabilitation literature have suggested that eye muscle exercise may do more than compensate for symptoms of ophthalmoplegia. They may accelerate recovery for those conditions in which recuperation is possible, and restore ocular mobility in chronic and degenerative conditions. A large, randomized, blind study is needed to investigate the efficacy of eye exercises in ophthalmoplegia.
Rosinka Chaudhuri. Ed., A History of Indian Poetry in English

(2016). Rosinka Chaudhuri. Ed., A History of Indian Poetry in English. South Asian Review: Vol. 37, The Miscellany, pp. 157-159.
Psychotherapeutic Technique and Development

In this chapter we address the effect of adult-developmental concepts on psychotherapeutic technique. A developmental orientation can change the therapist’s understanding of the purpose, process, and results of his work with patients, leading to a broader and more complex conceptualization of psychotherapy.
Rethinking Venezuelan Politics: Class, Conflict and the Chávez Phenomenon, Steve Ellner, Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 2008. Bush vs. Chávez: Washington’s War on Venezuela, Eva Golinger, New York: Monthly Review Press, 2007. Changing Venezuela by Taking Power: The History and Policies of the Chávez Government, Gregory Wilpert, London: Verso, 2007.

After a decade in power, Venezuela’s Bolivarian Revolution faces a newly multilateral Washington DC and global capitalism’s most significant crisis in a generation. In order to properly understand the hopes and impediments for the future of the Revolution, I argue, it is first necessary to consider the current trajectory and series of accomplishments it has made. In this review-essay, I consider the three most recent and comprehensive works on the foreign and domestic situations in Venezuela in English ‐ Eva Golinger’s Bush vs Chavez , Gregory Wilpert’s Changing Venezuela by Taking Power , and Steve Ellner’s Rethinking Venezuelan Politics .
Heat transfer in counterflow fluidized bed of oxide particles for thermal energy storage

Abstract The potential for inert oxide particles as a heat transfer and thermal energy storage (TES) media in concentrating solar power (CSP) depends in part on particle receiver designs that provide high wall-to-particle heat transfer rates. This paper presents a novel continuous-flow approach to achieve high heat transfer coefficients h w for particle receivers by fluidizing net-downward-flowing particles in a narrow vertical channel bounded by an external irradiated/heated wall and a parallel interior wall with a metal mesh opening that allows the upward-flowing fluidizing gas to exit at the top of the channel. To demonstrate the high h w of this flow configuration, a fluidized bed in a 10 cm × 10 cm × 0.64 cm deep channel was heated through an external aluminosilicate wall with mid-IR quartz lamps that provided external wall heat fluxes up to 20 W cm−2. Extensive heat transfer measurements with fluidized Carbo Accucast ID50 particles (diameters between 150 and 350 μ m) in steady-state continuous downward flow and in transient batch mode assessed total h w as functions of particle bed temperatures T b , bed solids volume fractions α b , and superficial gas velocities U g . Results showed that the narrow-channel fluidized bed can achieve overall h w as high as 1000 W m−2 K−1. The highest h w were measured at upward U g between 2 and 4 times the minimum bed fluidization velocities, U mf , which decreased to 0.12 m s−1 for the mean particle diameter at T b = 600 ° C. Increasing U g further above U mf decreased h w due to an associated decrease in α b . h w increased strongly with T b in part, because gas-phase conductivity and the radiative heat transfer contribution increased with T b . The extensive measurements were fit to a modified version of the Nusselt number correlation by Molerus (1992). For α b ⩾ 0.1 , the Molerus correlation with adjusted dependence on excess fluidization velocity ( U g - U mf ) provided an excellent fit to the measured convective fraction of h w (with 10 % error). Adding the radiation component with the Molerus correlation provides an effective tool for calculating h w for this counterflow fluidized bed configuration. A simple analysis explored the impact of such high h w for an indirect receiver design with angled external walls to spread solar aperture fluxes. Results from the analysis indicated that total h w = 1000 W m−2 K−1 can enable solar collection efficiencies approaching 90% with external wall temperatures T w,ext ≈ 1020 ° C. This potential performance motivates further exploration of this fluidized bed configuration for particle receivers for CSP applications.
The New Unconscious: Agency and Awareness

The quote above is dated: as I write this, factory workers are likely to feel lucky to be working at all. It well could be, as the country emerges from its current financial distress, factory workers may feel dissatisfied again. But the fact remains that our current states of satisfaction are often creatures of past conditions utterly unbeknownst to us and therefore unconscious.
Anxiety symptoms as predictors of nursing home placement in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Anxiety symptoms are fairly common among patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Such symptoms are likely to make patient care more problematic and, therefore, increase the risk of nursing home placement. Anxiety symptoms were evaluated on the basis of physician examinations, in conjunction with caregiver interviews, in 372 community-dwelling AD patients. Patients received annual follow-up for 1–12 years (M = 4.4). Patients who exhibited anxiety symptoms at baseline assessment were significantly more likely to enter nursing homes, regardless of initial cognitive status or other risks for institutionalization. There was a 15% increase in risk for each point on a 0–5 scale. This study supports the hypothesis that anxiety symptoms increase the risk of nursing home placement in patients with AD. Consequently, there is a need for better understanding of the causes of anxiety in AD and for the development of effective methods of assessment and treatment.
Medical staff tend to underestimate the quality of life in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease

AIM We evaluated how well medical staff or parents understood patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by comparing their evaluation of the patients' quality of life (QoL) with the patients' self-reported QoL. METHODS This study was carried out at Severance Children's Hospital in Seoul, Korea, in 2017. The children with IBD were recruited from August 2017 to December 2017, and they had a mean age of 16.4 (range 9.3-18.9) years. We asked the 64 children (38 boys), 58 mothers, 16 fathers, three physicians and one IBD nurse to answer the IMPACT-III questionnaire, which measures QoL, and compared the scores. RESULTS The intraclass correlation coefficient of the total IMPACT-III score was highest for the patient and their father (0.824) and then for the patient and their mother (0.689), physician (0.625) and IBD nurse (0.499). Parents and medical staff thought the patients' QoL was lower than the patients themselves. The differences in the IMPACT-III scores of the patients were -10.09 ± 17.86 for physicians, -9.87 ± 15.80 for mothers, -5.72 ± 17.04 for nurses and -3.81 ± 11.82 for fathers. CONCLUSION Parents and medical staff showed some correlation with the QoL documented by adolescent IBD patients, but tended to underestimate the levels.
Make room for iodine: systematic pore tuning of multivariate metal–organic frameworks for the catalytic oxidation of hydroquinones using hypervalent iodine

Iodine sites have been incorporated in both MIL-53 (Al) and UiO-66 (Zr) MOFs. A multivariate approach was used to increase the accessible area within the pores to allow for the catalytic oxidation of a model substrate, hydroquinone, to the corresponding quinone. In the process, three new phases of MIL-53 were discovered, one of which proved instrumental in allowing catalysis to occur. Both UiO-66 and MIL-53 with 25% incorporated iodine containing linkers allowed for a near-ideal balance between high density of catalytic sites and sufficient space for mass transport to enable catalysis to occur. Good conversions and selectivities were observed in nitromethane, ethyl acetate, acetone and ethanol with UiO-66 which proved to be the more active of the two catalysts. Oxone and 3-chloroperbenzoic acid acted as competent co-oxidants. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the reaction proceeded through an I(III) oxidation state. The MIL-53 framework was readily recycled while the UiO-66 MOF suffered from catalyst deactivation due to particle agglomeration. UiO-66 with 25% iodine containing linker proved to be a competent catalyst for a variety of substituted hydroquinones.
Global Value Chains and Development: Redefining the Contours of 21st Century Capitalism

Globalization has transformed how nations, firms and workers compete in the international economy over the past half century. This book by Gary Gereffi, one of the founders of the global value chains (GVC) framework, traces the emergence of arguably the most influential approach used to analyze globalization and its impacts. It studies the conceptual foundations of GVC analysis, the twin pillars of 'governance' and 'upgrading', along with detailed case studies of China, Mexico and other emerging economies as main beneficiaries of export-oriented industrialization, and addresses potential solutions to the deleterious impact of globalization on workers and communities.
Family, Empire, and Nation Kurdish Bedirkhanis and the Politics of Origins in a Changing Era

This article traces the evolving significance of a prominent princely Kurdish family’s claim of noble descent from the first half of the nineteenth century through the first half of the twentieth century. The Bedirkhan family, a branch of the wider Azizan family, were hereditary rulers of the Bohtan principality in Ottoman Kurdistan until 1847 and after that a part of the Ottoman imperial power elite. This Kurdish princely family traditionally claimed descent from Khalid ibn al-Walid, the famous Arab Muslim commander of the seventh century. This article scrutinizes the changing meanings of that claim against the backdrop of late Ottoman and post-Ottoman political and ideological developments such as Ottoman modernization and the rise of nationalism. The family’s long-standing references to their so-called progenitor Khalid ibn al-Walid and eventually their attempts to distance themselves from al-Walid in the 1930s and 1940s present an important case that illustrates identity shifts in the modern Middle East. Parallel to the main thesis, this article also demonstrates how the Bedirkhanis interpreted and reinterpreted two premodern texts that mentioned the family’s origins in response to the changing priorities of the time.
Aperture Coupled Beamforming Antenna Array

An aperture coupled micro strip patch antenna for V-band is designed in this paper. It consists of two substrates with slot cut ground in the between two substrates with patch at the top and feed line at the bottom of other substrate. Power is coupled from feed line through slotted ground to the patch. This antenna gives good matched results for 59 GHz to 63 GHz below -10dB and gain of maximum 14–15 dBi in for single antenna and more than 24 dBi for 16 array elements beamforming array. The beam forming of ±45○is shown for channel 2 and channel 3 of IEEE 802.11ad.
History of Lymphoma with Abnormal Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Six months ago, a 62-year-old white man had a diffuse T-cell lymphoma involving the skin of the right cheek which was successfully treated by radiations. He now presents with vertical diplopia and an inferior oblique extraocular muscle palsy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reveals abnormalities in both sides of the frontal falx and in the genu of corpus. Over the next month, he rapidly becomes confused, lethargic, and disoriented. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination is negative. Repeat MRI again shows three masses suggestive of metastases. He now has tumorous nodules on his scalp, forehead, and neck.
The Choice Is Yours: Caucus Typologies and Collaboration in U.S. State Legislatures

The marginalisation of some groups in legislative bodies promotes the construction of subaltern public spaces, including caucuses. In this paper, we evaluate whether the substantive focus of women’...
The Relationship Between Client Regulatory Focus and Treatment Use Intentions, Attitudes, Credibility Beliefs, and Outcome Expectations for Psychotherapy

Client variables in psychotherapy have been shown to play an important role in psychotherapy, explaining a significant amount of variance in treatment engagement, the therapeutic alliance, and psychotherapy outcomes; however, little is known about how the client variables develop. Specifically, there may be internal characteristics of the client that underlie several client attitudinal variables that play a role in psychotherapy. The purpose of this study was to test one particular client internal characteristic (regulatory focus) as a predictor of the psychotherapy use intentions, attitudes, credibility beliefs, and outcome expectations that clients hold. Participants from a nation-wide sample of adult clients (N = 663) and a sample of college students (N = 192) completed measures of regulatory focus, treatment use intentions, attitudes toward psychotherapy, credibility beliefs, and outcome expectations. Taken together, participants’ promotion-focus and prevention-focus scores significantly predicted treatment use intentions, attitudes, credibility beliefs, and outcome expectations. Specifically, across both samples a greater promotion-focus was significantly associated with more positive attitudes, credibility beliefs, and expectations. In contrast, a greater prevention-focus was significantly associated with more negative attitudes and not significantly related to credibility beliefs for psychotherapy. These results suggest that researchers and clinicians may want to focus on increasing promotion-focused goals and attitudes in clients in order to increase psychotherapy treatment-seeking and engagement.
Profiling the Usage of an Extreme-Scale Archival Storage System

Profiling the archival storage system in scientific computing environments has received much less attention compared to the parallel file system, but is equally important since it stores the final data products safely, for a long duration. In this paper, we analyze eight years worth of data transfer logs for accessing the archival file system (HPSS) in the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF), which has been hosting the world's largest supercomputers and file systems. Our analysis encompasses about 135 million data transfer activities to the 80 PB High Performance Storage System (HPSS), between 2010 and 2017. We analyze the logs from several dimensions, including studying the workload characteristics (e.g., access patterns, frequency of accesses and temporal behavior), file system characteristics (e.g., directory depth, file system scaling trends, file types), and scientific user behavior (e.g., domain-specific usage and organization). Based on the analysis, we derive insights into the future evolution of the archive in terms of provisioning, desired features and functionality from the archive software, role and right sizing of the archive tiers, quota management, and the importance of smart and efficient metadata and storage management. We believe our study will prove useful for both operating current archival storage and better provisioning future systems.
Associations among neighborhood poverty, perceived neighborhood environment, and depressed mood are mediated by physical activity, perceived individual control, and loneliness

Abstract Few studies have documented the pathways through which individual level variables mediate the effects of neighborhoods on health. This study used structural equation modeling to examine if neighborhood characteristics are associated with depressive symptoms, and if so, what factors mediated these relationships. Cross-sectional data came from a sample of mostly rural, older adults in North Carolina (n = 1,558). Mediation analysis indicated that associations among neighborhood characteristics and depressive symptoms were mediated by loneliness (standardized indirect effect = −0.19, p
Aligning Community-Engaged Research to Context

Community-engaged research is understood as existing on a continuum from less to more community engagement, defined by participation and decision-making authority. It has been widely assumed that more is better than less engagement. However, we argue that what makes for good community engagement is not simply the extent but the fit or alignment between the intended approach and the various contexts shaping the research projects. This article draws on case studies from three Community Engagement Cores (CECs) of NIEHS-funded Environmental Health Science Core Centers (Harvard University, UC Davis and University of Arizona,) to illustrate the ways in which community engagement approaches have been fit to different contexts and the successes and challenges experienced in each case. We analyze the processes through which the CECs work with researchers and community leaders to develop place-based community engagement approaches and find that different strategies are called for to fit distinct contexts. We find that alignment of the scale and scope of the environmental health issue and related research project, the capacities and resources of the researchers and community leaders, and the influences of the sociopolitical environment are critical for understanding and designing effective and equitable engagement approaches. These cases demonstrate that the types and degrees of alignment in community-engaged research projects are dynamic and evolve over time. Based on this analysis, we recommend that CBPR scholars and practitioners select a range of project planning and management techniques for designing and implementing their collaborative research approaches and both expect and allow for the dynamic and changing nature of alignment.
Supermultiplet Classification and Collective Spectra of Two-Electron Atoms

We review recent work on excited states of two-electron atoms. Starting with the O(4) symmetry of the hydrogen atom, we describe approximate two-electron O(4) “multiplets” which have spectra resembling that of a cutoff rigid rotor. We then expand the classification scheme beyond O(4) by grouping the multiplets into “supermultiplets”. These reveal a spectral pattern similar to that expected if the two-electron atom had a structure like that of a highly nonrigid linear molecule undergoing collective rotation and vibration.
Latino Caregivers’ Interactions With Their Children With Language Delays: A Comparison Study:

Evidence-based treatments for young children with developmental language delays include caregiver-implemented naturalistic interventions. However, there is little research on culturally appropriate...
What We Could Learn About Holistic Face Processing Only From Nonface Objects

Holistic processing is inferred from a number of effects, many of which suggest that people generally find it difficult to process face parts independently. The study of holistic processing using f...
Acute Sigmoid Sinus Compromise Following Skull Base Procedures: Is a "Laissez-Faire" Approach Best?

Objective Venous sinus compromise (VSC) of the sigmoid sinus can manifest as either venous sinus thrombosis, stenosis, or a combination of the two. It may occur following retro and presigmoid craniotomy, even in the absence of overt intraoperative sinus injury. Currently, the optimal management of VSC in the perioperative period is not well established. We report our incidence and management of VSC following skull base surgery around the sigmoid sinus. Patients and Methods A retrospective chart review of all patients undergoing presigmoid, retrosigmoid, or combined approach by the senior author from 2014 to 2019 was performed. Main Outcome Measures Charts were reviewed for patient demographics, surgical details, details of venous sinus compromise, and patient outcomes. Statistical analyses were performed using R 3.6.0 (R Project). Results A 115 surgeries were found with a total of 13 cases of VSC (overall incidence of 11.3%). Nine cases exhibited thrombosis and four stenosis. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups with (group 1) or without (group 2) VSC. Operation on the side of the dominant sinus did not predispose to postoperative VSC. Five patients received antiplatelet medication in the perioperative period. There was no difference in outcomes in the group that did not receive antiplatelet medication versus those who did. Conclusion Acute iatrogenic sigmoid sinus compromise can be managed expectantly. We believe that the treatment for each instance of VSC must be individualized, considering the symptoms of the patient, rather than applying a universal algorithm.
Design Principles for Signal Detection in Modern Job Application Systems: Identifying Fabricated Qualifications

Hiring a new employee is traditionally thought to be an uncertain investment. This uncertainty is lessened by the presence of signals that indicate job fitness. Ideally, job applicants objectively ...
Metalmorphasis: Change and Transition

Change is constant, as nothing stays the same. Consider the words of the Chinese philosopher Lao Tzu, “Life is a series of natural and spontaneous changes. Don't resist them—that only creates sorrow. Let reality be reality. Let things flow naturally forward in whatever way they like.” Some changes are the result of biology and the passage of time, within the natural cycle or order of things. Others are self-generated, under our own control and resulting from willful efforts, or dependent upon encounters with significant others—family, friends, colleagues, and others close to us. Still, other changes occur because of circumstance or fate, a proverbial "date with destiny" and often beyond what we feel is our control. Whether it is our personal life or occupational, like metalcasting, this change can facilitate transition and transformation. I have coined the term metalmorphasis and this lecture as reflection of how to embrace change, recognize the opportunities presented and utilize it as a vehicle for new beginnings. This is not just philosophical but also a look how we as metallurgist and metalcasters apply and control input variables (time, temperature, pressure, chemical reactions, etc.) to transform metals and create metalmorphasis.
Linearized ADMM Converges to Second-Order Stationary Points for Non-Convex Problems

In this work, a gradient-based primal-dual method of multipliers is proposed for solving a class of linearly constrained non-convex problems. We show that with random initialization of the primal and dual variables, the algorithm is able to compute second-order stationary points (SOSPs) with probability one. Further, we present applications of the proposed method in popular signal processing and machine learning problems such as decentralized matrix factorization and decentralized training of overparameterized neural networks. One of the key steps in the analysis is to construct a new loss function for these problems such that the required convergence conditions (especially the gradient Lipschitz conditions) can be satisfied without changing the global optimal points.