cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
(Monograph) Studies in Accounting Research #33, Empirical Research in Auditor Litigation: Considerations and Data

Studies in Accounting Research #33 provides guidance for conducting empirical research on auditor litigation and for using data on auditor litigation in teaching. To facilitate research and teaching, the monograph includes a CD with a Database. The Database has over 1,000 client observations with audit litigation involving the Big Five and their legacy firms. Non-Big Five firms are included on joint litigation. The Database includes litigation over allegations of audit failure on audits from 1960 through 1995, as long as legal actions were filed by end of 1995. The Database contains an extensive amount of information. For example, it has information on clients and auditors, accounting and auditing issues, legal characteristics and issues, regulatory actions, and litigation resolutions. All information is from public sources available through early 1999. The Database should be easily usable by academics, practitioners, and students alike. It is designed for use with Microsoft Access (the CD has three versions for Access 2.0, 97, and 2000). While the Database as published provides a rich source of litigation-related information, it is also designed so that users can customize it to meet their particular needs. For example, the Database can be updated with further information about the observations or with additional observations, such as audit litigation filed after 1995. The monograph makes a number of suggestions for using the Database in a variety of research settings. The Database is designed for stand-alone use or it can be used in combination with data from other sources. The discussion of research considerations and applications encompasses both the usefulness and limitations of the Database. Further, the Database can be used in teaching a variety of graduate and undergraduate courses, including courses on financial accounting, financial statement analysis, auditing, securities litigation, accountant's liability, governance, and professional regulation and institutions. The discussion of teaching applications includes suggestions on opportunities for bringing litigation-related topics into the classroom through supplementing lecture materials, promoting active learning, developing new teaching cases, extending and enriching existing case materials, and designing student projects, assignments, and other educational activities.
Power and sample size calculations for interval‐censored survival analysis

We propose a method for calculating power and sample size for studies involving interval-censored failure time data that only involves standard software required for fitting the appropriate parametric survival model. We use the framework of a longitudinal study where patients are assessed periodically for a response and the only resultant information available to the investigators is the failure window: the time between the last negative and first positive test results. The survival model is fit to an expanded data set using easily computed weights. We illustrate with a Weibull survival model and a two-group comparison. The investigator can specify a group difference in terms of a hazards ratio. Our simulation results demonstrate the merits of these proposed power calculations. We also explore how the number of assessments (visits), and thus the corresponding lengths of the failure intervals, affect study power. The proposed method can be easily extended to more complex study designs and a variety of survival and censoring distributions.
Plasmon Resonances of Semiconductor Nanocrystals: Physical Principles and New Opportunities

The discovery of localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) in doped semiconductor nanocrystals has opened a new regime in plasmonics. We address both the technological and fundamental advances made possible by the realization of LSPRs in semiconductor nanocrystals. LSPRs were originally thought to be specific only to metallic nanostructures, but since their manifestation in semiconductor nanostructures, LSPRs are being seen as ubiquitous optical signatures of charge carriers. As fingerprints of a charge carrier collection, LSPRs of semiconductors are emerging as optical probes of processes that involve carrier dynamics, including redox reactions, electrochemistry, phase transitions, and photocatalysis. Unlike their electrical counterparts, LSPRs allow remote contactless probing and minimal device design. Ultrasmall semiconductor quantum dots are now enabling access to plasmon resonances of a handful of charge carriers, allowing us to ask fundamental questions regarding the lower limit of charge carrier...
THE TRIUMPH OF THE NEGRO INTELLECTUAL

In the middle of the 1960s, Harold Cruse was angry with his fellow “Negro intellectuals.” “The Negro movement is at an impasse,” he wrote in The Crisis of the Negro Intellectual , “precisely because it lacks a real functional corps of intellectuals able to confront and deal perceptively with American realities on a level that social conditions demand.” When his book was published in 1967, American race relations seemed to be vectoring toward another nadir. Urban unrest, declining job opportunities for African Americans, the escalating war in Vietnam, and the civil rights movements’ divide over “Black Power” were only parts of the “crisis” Cruse identified. To him, black intellectuals had failed to wrestle with the particularities of racism in the United States and thus had failed to offer meaningful solutions beyond what he deemed to be the dead-end roads of integration and black nationalism.
Localized oral histoplasmosis. A regional manifestation of mild chronic disseminated histoplasmosis.

Abstract A case of mild chronic disseminated histoplasmosis in which the initial presenting clinical lesion occurred on the gingiva is reported. Ultrastructural features of the oral lesion are presented. The general spectrum of disease presentation in histoplasmosis is discussed, with emphasis on diagnosis and the significance of oral disease.
Dynamic photo-induced force microscopy

We provide a general description of the operating principle of the photo-induced force microscope (PiFM), which probes the optically induced changes in the dipolar interactions between a sharp polarizable tip and the sample, in terms of classical fields and forces. We rigorously calculate the photo-induced force behavior and compare the predicted profile with experimental results obtained from a gold nanowire.
Cost-effectiveness of point-of-care testing for dehydration in the pediatric ED.

Abstract Objectives Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) and subsequent dehydration account for a large proportion of pediatric emergency department (PED) visits. Point-of-care (POC) testing has been used in conjunction with clinical assessment to determine the degree of dehydration. Despite the wide acceptance of POC testing, little formal cost-effective analysis of POC testing in the PED exists. We aim to examine the cost-effectiveness of using POC electrolyte testing vs traditional serum chemistry testing in the PED for children with AGE. Methods This was a cost-effective analysis using data from a randomized control trial of children with AGE. A decision analysis model was constructed to calculate cost-savings from the point of view of the payer and the provider. We used parameters obtained from the trial, including cost of testing, admission rates, cost of admission, and length of stay. Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the stability of our model. Results Using the data set of 225 subjects, POC testing results in a cost savings of $303.30 per patient compared with traditional serum testing from the point of the view of the payer. From the point-of-view of the provider, POC testing results in consistent mean savings of $36.32 ($8.29-$64.35) per patient. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated the stability of the model and consistent savings. Conclusions This decision analysis provides evidence that POC testing in children with gastroenteritis-related moderate dehydration results in significant cost savings from the points of view of payers and providers compared to traditional serum chemistry testing.
High-resolution spectroscopy of rubidium using a fiber laser

A fiber laser is a laser in which the active medium is contained in the core of an optical fiber. I have constructed a single-longitudinal-mode erbium-doped fiber laser and determined that the short-term frequency fluctuations of the laser are less than 1 MHz rms.1 A spectral analysis of this noise from 0 to 25 KHz showed no structure beyond 600 Hz. These aspects make fiber lasers particularly well suited for high-resolution spectroscopy. The standing-wave coupled-cavity Er+3 fiber laser is discussed in more detail in Ref. 1. It can be continuously tuned over 2 GHz, and the coarse tuning range is 1.52-1.58 µm.
Dephosphorylation of MAP2D enhances its binding to vimentin in preovulatory ovarian granulosa cells

Preovulatory granulosa cells express the low-molecular-mass MAP2D variant of microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2). Activation of the luteinizing hormone choriogonadotropin receptor by human choriogonadotropin (hCG) promotes dephosphorylation of MAP2D on Thr256 and Thr259. We sought to evaluate the association of MAP2D with the cytoskeleton, and the effect of hCG on this association. MAP2D partially colocalized, as assessed by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy, with the vimentin intermediate filament and microtubule cytoskeletons in naive cells. In vitro binding studies showed that MAP2D bound directly to vimentin and β-tubulin. Phosphorylation of recombinant MAP2D on Thr256 and Thr259, which mimics the phosphorylation status of MAP2D in naive cells, reduces binding of MAP2D to vimentin and tubulin by two- and three-fold, respectively. PKA-dependent phosphorylation of vimentin (Ser32 and Ser38) promoted binding of vimentin to MAP2D and increased contraction of granulosa cells with reorganization of vimentin filaments and MAP2D from the periphery into a thickened layer surrounding the nucleus and into prominent cellular extensions. Chemical disruption of vimentin filament organization increased progesterone production. Taken together, these results suggest that hCG-stimulated dephosphorylation of MAP2D at Thr256 and Thr259, phosphorylation of vimentin at Ser38 and Ser72, and the resulting enhanced binding of MAP2D to vimentin might contribute to the progesterone synthetic response required for ovulation.
Effect of scribes on patient throughput, revenue, and patient and provider satisfaction: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background Scribes offer a potential solution to the clerical burden and time constraints felt by health care providers. Objectives This is a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate scribe effect on patient throughput, revenue, and patient and provider satisfaction. Methods Six electronic databases were systematically searched from inception until May 2015. We included studies where clinicians used a scribe. We collected throughput metrics, billing data, and patient/provider satisfaction data. Meta-analyses were conducted using a random effects model and mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) with adherence to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis statement. Results From a total of 210 titles, 17 studies were eligible and included. Qualitative analysis suggests improvement in provider/patient satisfaction. Meta-analysis on throughput data was derived from 3 to 5 studies depending on the metric; meta-analysis revealed no impact of scribes on length of stay (346 minutes for scribes, 344 minutes for nonscribed; MD −1.6 minutes, 95% CI −22.3 to 19.2 minutes) or provider-to-disposition time (235 minutes for scribes, 216 for nonscribed; MD −18.8 minutes, 95% CI −22.3 to 19.2) with an increase in patients seen per hour (0.17 more patient per hour; 95% CI 0.02-32). Two studies reported relative value units, which increased 0.21 (95% CI 0-0.42) per patient with scribe use. Conclusion We found no difference in length of stay or time to disposition with a small increase in the number of patients per hour seen when using scribes. Potential benefits include revenue and patient/provider satisfaction.
Geographical Location and Stage of Breast Cancer Diagnosis: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Objective: To examine systematically the literature on the effect of geographical location variation on breast cancer stage at diagnosis, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Methods. Eight electronic databases were searched using combination of key words. Of the 312 articles retrieved from the search, 36 studies from 12 countries were considered eligible for inclusion. Results. This review identified 17 (47%) of 36 studies in which breast cancer patients residing in geographically remote/rural areas had more late-stage diagnosis than urban women. Ten (28%) studies reported higher proportions of women diagnosed with breast cancer resided in urban than rural counties. Nine (25%) studies reported no statistically significant association between place of residence and stage at diagnosis for breast cancer patients residing in rural and urban areas. Conclusions. Cancer patients residing in rural and disadvantaged areas were more likely to be diagnosed with distant breast metastasis. Efforts to reduce these inequalities and subsequent mortality are needed.
Integration Host Factor (IHF)–DNA Interaction

Integration host factor (IHF) is a small hetero dimeric protein (~20 kDa), ubiquitous in eubacteria. It binds to DNA in a sequence-specific manner and causes ~35-bp long cognate site of DNA to bend by >160° [1]. Even though IHF was first discovered as a host factor for bacteriophage λ integration, where λ phage cleverly facilitates its E. coli host’s protein IHF to infest its target, IHF also aids in chromosomal compaction as well as in the assembly of higher order nucleo-protein complexes necessary for replication initiation, some site-specific recombination and transcriptional regulation of certain genes [2, 3].
Microspectrophotometric Analysis of Yellow Polyester Fiber Dye Loadings with Chemometric Techniques

Abstract Microspectrophotometry is a quick, accurate, and reproducible method to compare colored fibers for forensic purposes. Applying chemometric techniques to spectroscopic data can provide valuable information, especially when looking at a complex dataset. In this study, background subtracted and normalized visible spectra from ten yellow polyester exemplars dyed with different concentrations of the same dye ranging from 0.1% to 3.5% (w/w), were analyzed by agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC), principal component analysis (PCA), and discriminant analysis (DA). Systematic changes in the wavelength of maximum absorption, peak shape and signal-to-background ratio were noted as dye loading increased. In general, classifying the samples into ten groups (one for each exemplar) had poor accuracy (i.e., 51%). However, classification was much more accurate (i.e., 96%) using three classes of fibers that were identified by AHC as having low (0.10–0.20 wt%), medium (0.40–0.75 wt%), and high (1.5–3.5 wt%) dye loadings. An external validation with additional fibers and data generated by independent analysts confirmed these findings. Lastly, it was also possible to discriminating pairs of exemplars with small differences in dye loadings as a simulation of questioned (Q) versus known (K) comparisons.
Challenges with the integration of robotics into tactical team operations

As robotic systems become increasingly sophisticated, there is strong interest in deploying them in challenging and stressful environments. There are many potential advantages for the use of robotic systems in law enforcement and military operations. Robotic systems can provide the ability to perceive and act at a safe distance. However, achieving the full potential of robotic systems integration presents significant research challenges. The authors have observed field evaluations of candidate robotic systems, assessed potential roles for robots in tactical operations, evaluated standard and novel command and control interfaces, investigated levels of automation, and developed intelligent systems to support robot operations. Recently, a 6-month evaluation of an iterative development process for a command and control interface for distractionary devices (lights and sounds) was completed. Effective integration of a robotic system presents significant communication and machine intelligence challenges. A fully integrated robotic system should be able to understand and participate in actions as a team member with limited direct communication. This requires that the robot demonstrate scene understanding, situation awareness, knowledge of tactical operations, and more. The authors will discuss lessons learned and identify opportunities for future research to expand the capabilities of tactical robotic systems.
TASIC: determining branching models from time series single cell data.

Motivation Single cell RNA-Seq analysis holds great promise for elucidating the networks and pathways controlling cellular differentiation and disease. However, the analysis of time series single cell RNA-Seq data raises several new computational challenges. Cells at each time point are often sampled from a mixture of cell types, each of which may be a progenitor of one, or several, specific fates making it hard to determine which cells should be used to reconstruct temporal trajectories. In addition, cells, even from the same time point, may be unsynchronized making it hard to rely on the measured time for determining these trajectories. Results We present TASIC a new method for determining temporal trajectories, branching and cell assignments in single cell time series experiments. Unlike prior approaches TASIC uses on a probabilistic graphical model to integrate expression and time information making it more robust to noise and stochastic variations. Applying TASIC to in vitro myoblast differentiation and in-vivo lung development data we show that it accurately reconstructs developmental trajectories from single cell experiments. The reconstructed models enabled us to identify key genes involved in cell fate determination and to obtain new insights about a specific type of lung cells and its role in development. Availability and implementation The TASIC software package is posted in the supporting website. The datasets used in the paper are publicly available. Contact zivbj@cs.cmu.edu. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Imaging localized electric fields with nanometer precision through tip-enhanced Raman scattering

Tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) can be used to image plasmon-enhanced local electric field variations with extremely high spatial resolution under ambient conditions. This is illustrated through TERS images recorded using a silver atomic force microscope tip coated with strategically selected molecular reporters and used to image a sputtered silver film.
Donald Trump: The unanticipated apotheosis of neoliberalism:

Donald Trump’s election and subsequent presidency reveal important contradictions between the workings of the capitalist state and the capitalist class. While Trump may not have been the choice of ...
A dynamical model of the transport of asbestos fibres in the human body

We present a model for the transport of a single type of asbestos fibre through the human body. The model captures the transport modes that pertain particularly to the lungs and the mesothelium. Numerical solutions of the system follow observed movement in the body. We compare the accumulation of fibres in the lungs versus the mesothelium, and then we give analysis and results for various cases of exposure level and exposure time. Models, such as the one developed here, can give clues as to how asbestos fibres impact the body, and where to look for major impact.
Collocation and collation of business logic for web application development

Few people would disagree that the Web has become a major platform for complex and demanding enterprise applications in many domains, but many would agree that a vast majority of these applications...
Mapping of Lattice Strain in 4H-SiC Crystals by Synchrotron Double-Crystal X-ray Topography

The presence of lattice strain in n-doped 4H-SiC substrate crystals grown by a physical vapor transport method can strongly influence the performance of related power devices that are fabricated on them. Information on the level and the variation of lattice strain in these wafer crystals is thus important. In this study, a non-destructive method is developed based on synchrotron double-crystal x-ray topography to map lattice strains in 4H-SiC wafers. Measurements are made on two 4H-SiC substrate crystals—one is an unprocessed commercial wafer while the other was subject to a post-growth high-temperature heat treatment. Maps of different strain components are generated from the equi-misorientation contour maps recorded using synchrotron monochromatic radiation. The technique is demonstrated to be a powerful tool in estimating strain fields in 4H-SiC crystals. Analysis of the strain maps also shows that the normal strain components vary much more significantly than do the shear/rotation components, indicating that lattice dilation/compression rather than lattice tilt is the major type of deformation caused by both the incorporation of nitrogen dopants and the nucleation of basal plane dislocations.
Nutritional Assessment and Management in Pediatric Heart Failure

Abstract Issues related to nutrition and growth have received considerable attention in children with congenital heart defects, particularly in those with single ventricle physiology (Hsu et al., 2010; Burch et al., 2014). Similarly, there is a growing body of literature on the impact of nutritional status and body habitus on outcomes in children with heart failure. Nutritional surveillance and intervention are important in this patient population and should be integrated in the care of children with heart failure. Under nutrition has been associated with worse survival in children with heart failure. The impact of body habitus on posttransplant survival remains controversial.
From noise to knowledge: how randomness generates novel phenomena and reveals information.

Noise, as the term itself suggests, is most often seen a nuisance to ecological insight, a inconvenient reality that must be acknowledged, a haystack that must be stripped away to reveal the processes of interest underneath. Yet despite this well-earned reputation, noise is often interesting in its own right: noise can induce novel phenomena that could not be understood from some underlying deterministic model alone. Nor is all noise the same, and close examination of differences in frequency, colour or magnitude can reveal insights that would otherwise be inaccessible. Yet with each aspect of stochasticity leading to some new or unexpected behaviour, the time is right to move beyond the familiar refrain of "everything is important" (Bjornstad & Grenfell ). Stochastic phenomena can suggest new ways of inferring process from pattern, and thus spark more dialog between theory and empirical perspectives that best advances the field as a whole. I highlight a few compelling examples, while observing that the study of stochastic phenomena are only beginning to make this translation into empirical inference. There are rich opportunities at this interface in the years ahead.
U.S. Agro-Climate in 20th Century: Growing Degree Days, First and Last Frost, Growing Season Length, and Impacts on Crop Yields.

Significant air temperature changes have occurred globally during the 20th century, which are spatially variable to a considerable degree and these changes can have substantial implications in agroecosystem productivity. The agroclimate indicators that are responsible in these contexts are first fall frost (FFF), last spring frost (LSF), climatological growing season (CGS) length, and heat accumulation (growing degree days, GDD). We explore spatial and temporal trends associated with these indices across the continental U.S. (CONUS) during 1900–2014 using datasets collected at 1218 sites. On average, FFF has been occurring later (by 5.4 days century−1), and LSF has been occurring earlier (by 6.9 days century−1), resulting in the average lengthening of the CGS (by 12.7 days century−1). Annual GDD has been increasing by 50 °C century−1. We also report trends for agricultural belts and climate regions. We developed relationships between county-level crop yields vs. agroclimate changes and found that all crops (maize, soybean, sorghum, spring wheat, winter wheat, and cotton) responded positively to a lengthened CGS, while responding negatively to increase in GDD, except cotton. Overall, we find that the observed changes in agroclimate, were beneficial for crop yields in the CONUS, albeit some crop and region specific exceptions.
Test results on plasma direct converters

The power carried out through the ends of a mirror fusion reactor by escaping plasma can be converted directly into electricity by a plasma direct converter. Test results from three plasma direct c...
Characteristics of Fat from Heavy Ram and Wether Lambs

Summary Effects of sex, diet, breed, weight group and geographical location on fatty acid composition, fat color and fat firmness were examined in a factorially arranged experiment involving 32 ram and 32 wether lambs. Thirty-two Suffolksired and 32 Rambouillet-sired lambs out of Finn x white-faced (mixed breeding) ewes were fed a high or a low energy diet at the MARC or the University of Wyoming. Lambs were slaughtered in two weight groups at 63 and 76 kilograms. Ram carcasses had softer, yellower fat than wether carcasses and lambs fed the high energy diet had softer, yellower fat than lambs fed the low energy diet. Fat from rams was higher (P<.05) in branched chain fatty acids and shorter chain fatty acids with odd numbers of carbon atoms, but lower in 16:0 and 18:0 than was fat from wethers. Feeding lambs a high energy diet also increased (P<.05) levels of odd-numbered and branched chain fatty acids. The effect of sex and diet on levels of 16:0, 18:0, odd-numbered and branched chain fatty acids appeared to be additive. Weight group, breed and location had little effect on fatty acid composition, fat firmness or fat color, but some weight x location interactions were significant.
Of Gardens and Graves: Kashmir, Poetry, Politics, by Suvir Kaul, photographs by Javed Dar Subheader: Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2017, 227 pp., 30 photographs, US$23.95 (paperback), ISBN 978-0-8223-6289-0

Kashmir is not an easy place to write about, yet a lot has been written about it. The majority of the scholarly literature that exists on the region comes from political science or history. Of Gard...
Spectroscopic characterization and photocatalytic activity of vanadosilicate AM-6 towards the degradation of 2,5-Dichlorophenol

Abstract Vanadosilicate AM-6 crystals were synthesized using two methods – a structure-directing agent (SDA) method (i.e., non-porous), and a non-SDA method (i.e., porous). As a result, two types of AM-6 crystal products were obtained as evidenced by XRD, SEM, BET surface area measurements, and Raman and UV–vis spectroscopic analyses. These porous and non-porous AM-6 crystal products were used to determine the rate of photodegradation of a selected organic compound, 2,5 dichlorophenol (2,5-DCP). Both crystal products showed enhanced photocatalytic activity as compared to photolysis. Furthermore, the rate of degradation was found to be higher for the porous AM-6 products as compared to the non-porous crystals under UV light irradiation. This variance was attributed to differences in crystal quality. Raman and diffuse reflectance UV–vis spectroscopies showed more disorder along the ⋯V–O–V⋯ chains for porous AM-6 products. Thus, the higher photocatalytic degradation rate of 2,5-DCP is likely due to the presence of more accessible V OH sites.
The ongoing racial disparities in melanoma: An analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (1975-2016).

Background Although most patients with cutaneous melanoma are non-Hispanic whites (NHWs), minorities consistently suffer worse melanoma-specific survival (MSS). Much of the literature comes from analyses of registries from the 1990s and 2000s. Objective We sought to evaluate whether and to what degree racial disparity in MSS persists since 2010. Methods We analyzed 381,035 patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry. Race categories included Hispanic, NHW, non-Hispanic black (NHB), non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander (NHAPI), and non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native (NHAIAN). We evaluated the association between MSS and race in 3 time periods: before the year 2000, 2000 to 2009, and 2010 or later. NHW was the reference group for all analyses. Results Racial disparity worsened from before the year 2000 to 2010 or later for Hispanic (P Limitations Lack of immunotherapy and targeted treatment information. Conclusions Racial disparity in MSS is worsening. Improving postdiagnosis management for minorities with localized disease is imperative to mitigate disparity and improve survival.
Estimating the Number of Self-Harm Events Not Identified by Encounter Diagnoses in Health Records

ABSTRACT Background Public health and research assessment of self-harm or suicide attempts must sometimes rely on health system records. Previous research regarding accuracy of encounter or billing diagnoses to identify self-harm or suicide attempt has yielded mixed results. Methods Using data from a large pragmatic trial of outreach to prevent suicide attempt, investigators identified ICD-10-CM diagnostic codes in categories where suicide attempt or self-harm might be missed or misclassified: injuries and poisonings coded as having “undetermined intent, injuries and poisonings coded as accidental, and injuries with no coding of intent. For injury and poisoning events with these selected codes, relevant text was extracted from full-text electronic health records and rated by a blinded panel of investigators as indicating or not indicating self-harm Results Diagnostic codes selected for review include 43 codes for injuries and poisonings with undetermined intent, 26 codes for accidental injuries and poisonings, and 46 codes for injuries without coding of intent. Among injury and poisoning events in this sample, full-text records were available for review for 60 coded as undetermined intent, 173 coded as accidents, and 288 with no coding of intent. After review of text, raters judged 46 (77%), 152 (88%), and 275 (95%) respectively as having adequate text documentation for confident rating of self-harm intent. Among those with adequate text for confident rating, the proportions of events classified as due to self-harm were 19% for injuries and poisonings coded as undetermined intent, 6% for injuries and poisonings coded as accidents, and 15% for injuries without coding of intent. Conclusions In this sample of people at high risk for self-harm or suicide attempt, we low rates of misclassified self-harm events among injuries and poisonings coded as having undetermined intent, accidental intent, or no coding of intent. In this sample, inclusion of all misclassified events identified through this search process would increase the total number of self-harm events identified by approximately 10%.
Organizing as “Collective-Self” Care Among African American Youth in Precarious Times

African American youth have responded with hope and action to protect their well-being in violent political, economic, and social conditions, through organizing. While contemporary organizing frameworks prioritize self-care to promote sustainability, there is little research on the meaning and definition of self-care for African American youth organizers, in their own words. In this paper, findings from interviews with 20 Black youths in navigating organizing spaces in New York City will be presented, highlighting how they destabilize the narrowness of commonly defined self-care to embody “collective-self” care strategies. Implications for community practice, recovery from systemic violence, and historical trauma among African Americans will be explored.
Temperature Dependence of the Water Vapor Continuum Absorption in the 3.5–4.0 m Region

An accurate and detailed knowledge of atmospheric transmission in and near the ir spectral windows is essential to the design, performance evaluation, and comparative testing of electro-optical (EO) systems. Of the many contributors to gaseous absorption in the atmosphere, water vapor is the most widespread spectrally and of greatest concern for many practical applications, especially for long-path high-visibility conditions. A major stumbling block to obtaining usable modeling predictions for EO, including high energy laser systems, is lack of an accurate data base for the water vapor continuum absorbtion in the 3-5 μm window. Although recent measurements by the Atmospheric Sciences Laboratory (ASL) have significantly improved the strength predictions and pressure dependence around 24°C, 1,2 the parameters needed to describe the temperature dependence have not been addressed. Lacking the needed data base, temperature scaling parameters measured under substantially higher temperature and pressure conditions than prevail in the normal atmosphere have been the only ones available for use in modeling the water vapor continuum absorption in the 3-5 μm window 3. The validity of using these temperature scaling parameters has been seriously questioned by the factor of 2 difference between predicted strengths and previous measurements performed by the ASL for 14.3 torr of water vapor air broadened to 1 atm. at 23°C 1 and 25°C 2 as well as an order of magnitude difference in the foreign-to-self broadening ratio 2. These discrepancies clearly expose the deficiencies of the present data base for modeling the 3-5 μm water vapor continuum and strengthen the support for investigating the temperature dependence.
“How Do You Do That?”: Theological & Religious Studies Collection Development

The conversation group session was grounded in research conducted in December 2019 and January 2020 which investigated collection development trends of theological and religious studies librarians responsible for purchasing materials for their libraries located in the United States and Canada. After briefly introducing the details of how the research was conducted and key findings, the presenters facilitated guided discussion among attendees. Prior to the conference session, the presenters pre-populated a Padlet (an online, editable platform) with questions to which small groups of conference attendees could respond. These questions centered on collection development practices and the platform created a space for attendee responses to “live” in perpetuity, functioning also as a snapshot of the collection development trends that conference attendees embody.
Formation of oil-particle aggregates: Particle penetration and impact of particle properties and particle-to-oil concentration ratios.

Abstract Oil droplets in marine environment interact with particles to form oil particle aggregates (OPA), and alters the transport and fate of oil. We investigated the impact of particles properties on the formation of OPAs. It was found that the distribution of 9 μm spherical silica (sand) particles on the oil droplet was more uniform than the 3 μm silica particles, and it is likely due to the inertia of the larger particles causing them to lodge into the droplet. Also, the OPAs of the 3 μm silica particles were much smaller than those of the 9 μm particles. For kaolinite particles that are rod-like of length around 10 μm, it was found that increasing the hydrophobicity of the particles from a contact angle (CA) of ~ 29o to 38o, increases the penetration of the particles in the oil through a projectile penetration mechanism, whereby the particle possesses sufficient inertia to penetrate into the oil. However, a further increase in hydrophbocitiy (CA ~ 57o) caused the particles to agglomerate together and avoid the oil droplets. The oil droplets got smaller with time probably due to the penetration of the particles in them. For an oil concentration of 500 mg/L, a particle concentration of 100 mg/L was incapable of fragmenting the oil droplets, but particle concentration of 500 mg/L fragmented the droplets similarly to a concentration of 1500 mg/L. This is due to the larger coverage of the droplet surface area by the particles and the subsequent weakening of its structural rigidity through the reduction of the oil-water interfacial tension. The study shows that the fate (e.g., after 24 h) of OPAs greatly depends on the type of sediments where the oil spilled (sand versus clay) and their concentration.
On the modeling paradigm of plant root nutrient acquisition

Plant root nutrient acquisition, and to a lesser extent foliar nutrient uptake, maintain plant metabolism and strongly regulate terrestrial biogeochemistry and carbon-climate feedbacks. However, terrestrial biogeochemical models differ in their representations of plant root nutrient acquisition, leading to significantly different, and uncertain, carbon cycle and future climate projections. Here we first review biogeochemical principles and observations relevant to three essential plant root nutrient acquisition mechanisms: activity of nutrient acquiring proteins, maintenance of nutrient stoichiometry, and energy expenditure for these processes. We next examine how these mechanisms are considered in three existing modeling paradigms, and conclude by recommending the capacity-based approach, the need for observations, and necessary modeling developments of plant root nutrient acquisition to improve carbon-climate feedback projections.
COVID-19 patient plasma demonstrates resistance to tPA-induced fibrinolysis as measured by thromboelastography.

Patients critically ill with COVID-19 are at risk for thrombotic events despite prophylactic anticoagulation. Impaired fibrinolysis has been proposed as an underlying mechanism. Our objective was to determine if fibrinolysis stimulated by tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) differed between COVID patients and controls. Plasma from 14 COVID patients on prophylactic heparin therapy was obtained and compared with heparinized plasma from 14 different healthy donors to act as controls. Kaolin activated thromboelastography with heparinase was utilized to obtain baseline measurements and then repeated with the addition of 4 nM tPA. Baseline fibrinogen levels were higher in COVID plasma as measured by maximum clot amplitude (43.6 ± 6.9 mm vs. 23.2 ± 5.5 mm, p < 0.0001) and Clauss assay (595 ± 135 mg/dL vs. 278 ± 44 mg/dL, p < 0.0001). With the addition of tPA, fibrinolysis at 30 min after MA (LY30%) was lower (37.9 ± 16.5% vs. 58.9 ± 18.3%, p = 0.0035) and time to 50% lysis was longer (48.8 ± 16.3 vs. 30.5 ± 15.4 min, p = 0.0053) in the COVID-19 samples. Clotting times and rate of fibrin polymerization (‘R’ or ‘α’ parameters) were largely the same in both groups. Clot from COVID patients contains a higher fibrin content compared to standard controls and shows resistance to fibrinolysis induced by tPA. These findings suggest the clinical efficacy of thrombolytics may be reduced in COVID-19 patients.
A new bench-top approach to the isotopic purification of 244 Pu

A new approach to isotopic purification has been developed and applied to the production of a small quantity of 244Pu with an isotopic purity >99.996 %, as compared against the standard 244Pu available that displays an isotopic purity of 97.87 %. The presence of Pu isotopes 239Pu, 240Pu, 241Pu and 242Pu have been greatly reduced, allowing for higher spiking levels of the isotopically purified 244Pu tracer to be used in environmental level sample analysis. Details of the isotopic purification process will be described along with the effect this improved Pu tracer could have on analytical Pu mass spectrometry measurements.
Autistic disorder with complex IV overactivity: A new mitochondrial syndrome

Although mitochondrial disease is usually associated with reductions in electron transport chain complex activity, a few reports have associated mitochondrial disease with complex overactivity. This is the first report to associate complex IV overactivity with autistic disorder. Five patients with a significant elevation in complex IV activity, abnormal muscle electron microscopy and autistic disorder with developmental regression are reported. The majority, 80%, manifested either epilepsy or subclinical epileptiform discharges on electroencephalogram. Cerebral folate deficiency was found in the three patients evaluated for this disorder. The majority of patients had potentially detrimental nuclear and mitochondrial abnormalities. This series represents a new mitochondrial syndrome characterized by autistic disorder with complex IV overactivity. The association with cerebral folate deficiency is important as cerebral folate deficiency is treatable with folinic acid. The significance of an increase in complex IV function is discussed in the context of the associated physiological disturbances reported in autism spectrum disorder.
Managing low cardiac output states: maintaining volume after cardiac surgery.

Abstract Low cardiac output after cardiac surgery may be caused by hypovolemia, myocardial depression, vasoconstriction, and dysrhythmias. Postoperative hypovolemia occurs because of blood volume loss and decreased diastolic filling. Diuresis, intravascular fluid shift into the interstitium, hormonal influences, and bleeding deplete blood volume. Diastolic filling may be compromised by positive end-expiratory pressure, vasodilation, dysrhythmias, and venous return obstruction. The primary indicator of intravascular volume is ventricular preload, which may be measured indirectly with central venous pressure, left atrial pressure, or pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. Recognition of hypovolemia is aided through the use of cardiac pressure trend monitoring and evaluation of noninvasive indicators of hypovolemia. Nursing goals, in response to hypovolemia, are to increase the circulating volume, optimize oxygen delivery, stabilize hemodynamics, improve tissue perfusion, and prevent shock.
Les médias en Arabie saoudite : Luttes politiques et controverses sociales, de Star Academy au Printemps arabe

Nulle part dans le monde arabe les inquietudes au sujet du changement social et culturel n’ont ete aussi passionnement discutees qu’en Arabie saoudite, ou la doctrine salafiste du wahhabisme est au coeur du systeme, en tant que conception sacro sainte de l’authenticite enracinee dans la purete culturelle et religieuse et la separation entre hommes et femmes. L’avenement de la « telerealite » au milieu des annees 2000 a reactive ces debats dans le royaume. Star Academy, notamment, populaire emission de telerealite en langue arabe, diffusee par satellite depuis le Liban par la Lebanese Broadcasting Corporation (LBC) depuis decembre 2003, a connu des taux d’audience record et a suscite une intense controverse en Arabie saoudite, vidant les rues des villes et animant les sermons dans les mosquees, les editoriaux et les debats televises. J’ai decrit ailleurs comment cette emission etait devenue le champ de bataille entre les radicaux, les conservateurs et les liberaux saoudiens. Cet article decrit les discours, qui se recoupent, des islamistes saoudiens au sujet de la television, en mentionnant les diverses rhetoriques de censure et de critique engagee. Il se base pour ce faire sur plusieurs textes primaires, et notamment un sermon qui a connu une grande diffusion, Satan Academy, du cheikh Mohammed Salih Al Mounajid. La maniere dont les controverses publiques au sujet de la telerealite ont cristallise de nouveaux developpements de tres anciens debats est donc examinee.
Abstract 17506: A Young Man with a Great Fall: Putting the Pieces Together

A 35 year-old-male with hypertension and schizoaffective disorder presented with a first episode of non-prodromal syncope and traumatic fall resulting in a mandibular fracture. Physical examination revealed orthostatic tachycardia, normal cardiovascular examination, and no abnormalities with carotid sinus massage. Electrocardiogram showed NSR at 66 bpm, a single PVC, QTc interval 493 ms, and abnormal ST-T wave contour in V2-V3. Laboratory evaluation revealed normal electrolytes, mildly elevated troponin (0.763), and no leukocytosis. Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome was considered unlikely given that syncope did not occur after prolonged standing, and that his use of trazodone and risperidone can both cause orthostatic tachycardia. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) revealed decreased systolic function (EF 45%), paradoxical septal motion, normal LV wall thickness, and no valvular disease. Cardiac MRI showed moderate biventricular systolic dysfunction, LVEF 43%, RVEF 33%, mild 4-chamber dilatation, and a small pericardial effusion. Mild T2 hyperintensity in the mid-ventricular septum and anteroseptum, and scattered foci of patchy delayed gadolinium enhancement within the mid-anteroseptal, anterior and anterolateral LV segments were consistent with acute myocarditis. The reported prevalence of myocarditis among patients with sudden death is highly variable and ranges from 2-42%. Various types of myocarditis are associated with arrhythmias, including lymphocytic myocarditis which was the likely diagnosis in our patient. Despite lack of guideline recommendations, we opted to protect our patient with a wearable cardioverter-defibrillator given case reports of successful use for recurrent malignant arrhythmias in myocarditis. Follow-up TTE two months later was normal with EF 60%. Although syncope in the younger population is often appropriately attributed to a neurally-mediated etiology, the current case highlights the need for clinicians to be attuned to the possibility of subclinical myocarditis causing malignant arrhythmias in this setting, in which case the patient may be at risk for recurrent arrhythmia and sudden death and may benefit from the use of a wearable cardioverter-defibrillator.
Factors influencing the ball milling of Si3N4 in water

A statistical study of the ball milling of Si3N4 powder in Si3N4 hardware was undertaken to understand how the resulting increase in specific surface area is related to solids loading and mill speed. An attempt was made to optimize milling conditions. The degree of communication was more dependent upon solids loading than mill speed. A practical grinding limit between 0.5 and 0.75 microns was achieved in 144 hr independent of solids loading. Ball mill wear and media wear were independent of both solids loading and mill speed.
Unidentified Gamma-Ray Sources: Summary and Conclusion

As the era of the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory draws to a close, the problem of the unidentified Galactic sources remains one of the great unsolved mysteries. Participants in this meeting have made substantial progress in defining the problem, suggesting possible candidate objects, and anticipating the future steps that will lead to a resolution