cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Women in Transition: Experiences of Health and Health Care for Recently Incarcerated Women Living in Community Corrections Facilities

Health priorities of women after incarceration remain poorly understood, constraining development of interventions targeted at their health during that time. We explored the experience of health and health care after incarceration in a focused ethnography of 28 women who had been released from prison or jail within the past year and were living in community corrections facilities. The women's outlook on health was rooted in a newfound core optimism, but this was constrained by their pressing health-related issues; stress and uncertainty; and the pressures of the criminal justice system. These external forces threatened to cause collapse of women's core optimism. Findings support interventions that capitalize on women's optimism and address barriers specific to criminal justice contexts. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Persuasive Writing Sample: SMU Dallas: Doe's Promissory Estoppel Defense Is Futile

Doe has not satisfied the requirements for sustaining the promissory estoppel defense. As Doe admitted, the elements of promissory estoppel are (1) a promise; (2) foreseeability by the promisor that the promisee will rely on the promise; (3) substantial reliance by the promisee to his detriment; and (4) a definite finding that injustice can be avoided only by enforcement of the promise. Zenor v. El Paso Healthcare Sys., Ltd., 176 F.3d 847, 864 (5th Cir. 1999). These elements are of increasing significance in this case and, thus, will be discussed in the order of importance.
Speaking up Online: Exploring Hostile Media Perception, Health Behavior, and Other Antecedents of Communication:

This study explores the influence of hostile media perception (HMP) and other antecedents to mothers’ willingness to speak up regarding the issue of breastfeeding, particularly in online environments. An online survey of mothers (N = 455) revealed that mothers are more likely to express opinions about breastfeeding online, and also with friends and family, if they consider media coverage of the issue biased or hostile. In addition, as hypothesized, the personality trait of outspokenness influences mothers’ willingness to speak up and mediates the effect of HMP on communication, although there were conditional effects based on mothers’ past breastfeeding behaviors. Implications are discussed.
Molecular origins of scintillation in organic scintillators (Conference Presentation)

Organic-based scintillators are indispensable materials for radiation detection owing to their high sensitivity to fast neutrons, low cost, and tailorable properties. There has been a recent resurgence of interest in organic scintillators due to exciting discoveries related to neutron discrimination and gamma-ray spectroscopy, which represent capabilities previously thought not possible in these materials. I will discuss our development of crystalline and polymer-based scintillators for these applications. Structure-property relationships related to intermolecular interactions and host-guest electronic exchange will be discussed in the context of energy-transfer pathways relevant to scintillation. An emphasis will be placed on the rational design of these materials, as guided by first principles and DFT calculations. Two related topics will be discussed: 1) Incorporation of organometallic triplet-harvesting additives to plastic scintillator matrices to confer a 'two-state' (singlet and triplet) luminescence signature to different types of ionizing radiation. This approach relies upon energetic and spatial overlap between the donor and acceptor excited states for efficient electronic exchange. Key considerations also include synthetic modification of the luminescence spectra and kinetics, as well as the addition of secondary additives to increase the recombination efficiency. 2) Design of organotin-containing plastic scintillators as a route towards gamma-ray spectroscopy. Organometallic compounds were selected on the basis of distance-dependent quenching relationships, phase compatibility with the polymer matrix, and the gamma-ray cross sections. This approach is guided by molecular modeling and radiation transport modeling to achieve the highest possible detection sensitivity luminescence intensity.
Detecting and mitigating bias in social media

Social media is an important data source. Every day, billions of posts, likes, and connections are created by people around the globe. By monitoring it we can observe important topics, as well as find new topics of discussion as they emerge. However, within this source of information there are natural forms of bias. Different aspects of the sites lend themselves to bias, such as varying features that restrict users. Additionally, the users themselves can be biased, such as the age-bias found in Twitter users. Finally, the way sites divulge their data can cause bias to those studying information produced on that site. In this forum we will discuss the different types of bias that can occur on social media data as well as different strategies to mitigate that bias.
An Exploratory Study of the Impact of Gender on Health Behavior Among African American and Latino Men With Type 2 Diabetes

This study explores gender values and beliefs among Latino and African American men with diabetes and examines how these values and beliefs may influence their health behaviors. Participants were recruited from individuals who participated in one of three Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health Detroit Partnership diabetes self-management interventions. One focus group was conducted with African American men ( n = 10) and two focus groups were conducted with Latino men ( n = 12) over a 3-month period. Sessions lasted 90 minutes, were audiotaped, and analyzed using thematic content analysis techniques. Two themes emerged that characterize gender identity and its relationship to health behavior in men: (a) men's beliefs about being men (i.e., key aspects of being a man including having respect for themselves, authority figures, and peers; fulfilling the role as breadwinner; being responsible for serving as the leader of the family; and maintaining a sense of chivalry) and (b) influence of gender values and beliefs on health behavior (i.e., the need to maintain a strong image to the outside world, and the need to maintain control of themselves served as barriers to seeking out and engaging in diabetes self-management behaviors). Results suggest that gender values and beliefs may have implications for how health behaviors among men with diabetes. Future research should study the direct impact masculine identity has on health behaviors among men with diabetes.
The IFN-λ-IFN-λR1-IL-10Rβ Complex Reveals Structural Features Underlying Type III IFN Functional Plasticity

Type III interferons (IFN-λs) signal through a heterodimeric receptor complex composed of the IFN-λR1 subunit, specific for IFN-λs, and interleukin-10Rβ (IL-10Rβ), which is shared by multiple cytokines in the IL-10 superfamily. Low affinity of IL-10Rβ for cytokines has impeded efforts aimed at crystallizing cytokine-receptor complexes. We used yeast surface display to engineer a higher-affinity IFN-λ variant, H11, which enabled crystallization of the ternary complex. The structure revealed that IL-10Rβ uses a network of tyrosine residues as hydrophobic anchor points to engage IL-10 family cytokines that present complementary hydrophobic binding patches, explaining its role as both a cross-reactive but cytokine-specific receptor. H11 elicited increased anti-proliferative and antiviral activities in vitro and in vivo. In contrast, engineered higher-affinity type I IFNs did not increase antiviral potency over wild-type type I IFNs. Our findings provide insight into cytokine recognition by the IL-10R family and highlight the plasticity of type III interferon signaling and its therapeutic potential.
Adjoint-Based Sensitivity and Uncertainty Analysis for Density and Composition: A User’s Guide

AbstractThe evaluation of uncertainties is essential for criticality safety. This paper deals with material density and composition uncertainties and provides guidance on how traditional first-order sensitivity methods can be used to predict their effects. Unlike problems that deal with traditional cross-section uncertainty analysis, material density and composition-related problems are often characterized by constraints that do not allow arbitrary and independent variations of the input parameters. Their proper handling requires constrained sensitivities that take into account the interdependence of the inputs. This paper discusses how traditional unconstrained isotopic density sensitivities can be calculated using the adjoint sensitivity capabilities of the popular Monte Carlo codes MCNP6 and SCALE 6.2, and we also present the equations to be used when forward and adjoint flux distributions are available. Subsequently, we show how the constrained sensitivities can be computed using the unconstrained (ad...
Radial Dopant Placement for Tuning Plasmonic Properties in Metal Oxide Nanocrystals

Doped metal oxide nanocrystals that exhibit tunable localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) represent an intriguing class of nanomaterials that show promise for a variety of applications from spectroscopy to sensing. LSPRs arise in these materials through the introduction of aliovalent dopants and lattice oxygen vacancies. Tuning the LSPR shape and energy is generally accomplished through controlling the concentration or identity of dopants in a nanocrystal, but the lack of finer synthetic control leaves several fundamental questions unanswered regarding the effects of radial dopant placement, size, and nanocrystalline architecture on the LSPR energy and damping. Here, we present a layer-by-layer synthetic method for core/shell nanocrystals that permits exquisite and independent control over radial dopant placement, absolute dopant concentration, and nanocrystal size. Using Sn-doped In2O3 (ITO) as a model LSPR system, we synthesized ITO/In2O3 core/shell as well as In2O3/ITO core/shell nanocrystals wi...
Myo-inositol reduces β-catenin activation in colitis.

Aim To assess dietary myo-inositol in reducing stem cell activation in colitis, and validate pβ-cateninS552 as a biomarker of recurrent dysplasia. Methods We examined the effects of dietary myo-inositol treatment on inflammation, pβ-cateninS552 and pAkt levels by histology and western blot in IL-10-/- and dextran sodium sulfate-treated colitic mice. Additionally, we assessed nuclear pβ-cateninS552 in patients treated with myo-inositol in a clinical trial, and in patients with and without a history of colitis-induced dysplasia. Results In mice, pβ-cateninS552 staining faithfully reported the effects of myo-inositol in reducing inflammation and intestinal stem cell activation. In a pilot clinical trial of myo-inositol administration in patients with a history of low grade dysplasia (LGD), two patients had reduced numbers of intestinal stem cell activation compared to the placebo control patient. In humans, pβ-cateninS552 staining discriminated ulcerative colitis patients with a history of LGD from those with benign disease. Conclusion Enumerating crypts with increased numbers of pβ-cateninS552 - positive cells can be utilized as a biomarker in colitis-associated cancer chemoprevention trials.
Cerebral Arteriopathies, Venous Thrombosis, and Migraine.

In this article, the authors review stroke preventive strategies in a diverse group of conditions, namely the nonatherosclerotic cerebral arteriopathies, migraine-associated or migraine-induced stroke, and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. Although these conditions are less common causes of stroke in the aggregate, they are frequent causes of stroke in teenagers and young adults. Aside from posing unique diagnostic challenges, their management is limited by the absence of randomized clinical trials or high-level evidence that is specific to these conditions. Therapeutic decision-making is largely based on expert opinion, clinical experience, and retrospective studies; it is often empiric. It remains uncertain whether otherwise routine secondary stroke-preventive strategies, such as long-term antiplatelet treatment, lipid-lowering medications, and antihypertensive agents, are applicable to patients with stroke from a cerebral arteriopathy or migraine-associated stroke.
Using LiDAR and GEOBIA for automated extraction of eighteenth–late nineteenth century relict charcoal hearths in southern New England

Increasing availability and advancements of aerial Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data have radically been shifting the way archeological surveys are performed. Unlike optical remote sensing i...
Abstract 17201: P-selectin Level is Elevated in Patients With Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation and With Spontaneous Echocardiographic Contrast

Background: The association of P-selectin, a biomarker of platelet activation, with thromboembolic complications in atrial fibrillation remains controversial. We tested the hypothesis that plasma soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) level correlates with measures of left atrial blood stasis in this dysrhythmia. Methods: Using a prospective case-control study design, plasma sP-selectin measured by solid-phase ELISA in 109 patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF; age 63±14 years; 26% women) and in 40 controls with normal sinus rhythm (NSR; age 64±14 years; 41% women) who were not on antiplatelet therapy was compared. Results: The median sP-selectin level was higher in NVAF cases compared to NSR controls [median (IQR) 26 (20-32) ng/ml vs 22 (15-29) ng/ml, p=.005]. While sP-selectin level did not significantly vary by left atrium volume index, left atrial appendage emptying velocity, it was associated with the higher intensity of spontaneous echocardiographic contrast (SEC; p=0.0042, see Figure). Mean sP-selectin level in NSR Control group, NVAF patients with spontaneous echocardiographic contrast (None, Mild, Moderate, Sever) and NVAF patients with left atrial appendage thrombus (LAAT) sP-selectin was significantly higher amongst patients with severe SEC compared to NSR controls (p Conclusions: Elevated sP-selectin is associated with higher intensity of SEC but not with the presence of LAAT in patients with NVAF.
Late-onset asystolic episodes in a patient with a vagal nerve stimulator.

Key Teaching Points • Late-onset asystole is a rare but significant complication in patients with a vagal nerve stimulator of which the clinician needs to be aware. A good clinical suspicion, thorough history, and physical examination are key to help discern cardiac vs neurogenic causes of syncope. • Autonomic neural input to the heart exhibits some “sidedness,” with the left vagal nerve having more influence on the atrioventricular node and right vagal nerve having more influence on the sinus node, which is why the stimulator is placed on the left side of the chest. This is thought to be secondary to the embryonic rotation of the body during development. However, it is important to know that there is some degree of overlap between the left and right vagal nerve innervation. • Very few cases of late-onset syncopal events associated with vagal nerve stimulation therapy have been reported that were treated with removal or deactivation of the device. Another approach could be to implant a permanent pacemaker in a patient who would not tolerate removal of the stimulator owing to intractable epilepsy.
Body Composition in the Elderly Using Multicompartmental Methods

Body composition analysis in elderly persons > 65 y in age is considered problematic using hydrodensitometry (HD), total body water (TBW), or total body potassium (TBK) in classic two-compartment models due to age-related changes in bone mineral, fluid balance, and K concentration. HD assumes that the density of the fat-free mass is 1.10 g/cm3, which may not be true for many elderly individuals due to loss of mineral from bone and more variable hydration. The TBW approach assumes that hydration, or the aqueous fraction of the fat-free mass, is relatively constant at 73.2 ± 2%. Increased variability and/or different mean values for hydration of the fat-free mass in elderly persons may invalidate this assumption. The TBK method assumes constant values for the amount of K in fat-free mass for each sex. This is now recognized as inappropriate for the elderly due to the greater loss of skeletal relative to non-skeletal muscle components of the fat-free mass with aging.l,2
Protein Tyrosine- O -Sulfation in Bovine Ocular Tissues

Protein tyrosine-O-sulfation (aka sulfonation, sulfation) has been recently identified as an important posttranslational modification for vision. In the absence of sulfation, rod and cone ERGs are reduced and vision is compromised. With the goal of identifying the sulfated retinal proteins in the eye, various bovine ocular tissues were examined. To that end, the cornea, aqueous humor, lens, iris, vitreous humor, retina, RPE, and sclera were examined for the presence of sulfated proteins using the PSG2 antibody, which has previously been used to identify and isolate sulfated proteins from various tissues. Data presented show that the vitreous humor is the richest source of sulfated proteins in the eye while the lens expressed the least. Furthermore, the sulfated proteins in the retinal pigment epithelium and retina were either soluble members of the extracellular matrix and/or membrane-associated proteins. Future plans are directed towards the identification of the different sulfated proteins by immunoaffinity purification with the PSG2 antibody and the determination of the role of sulfation in the function of these ocular proteins.
The Variable-Gap Technique for Measuring Thermal Conductivity of Fluid Specimens

The variable-gap technique for measuring thermal conductivity of fluids using one directional heat flow is a significant improvement over other parallel wall methods in that it takes advantage of the fluidity of the specimen. By use of this technique the specimen thickness can be varied continuously during the operation with a minimum disturbance to the specimen composition or to the system temperature distribution. Also, by varying the specimen thickness, the undesirable effects of several factors, including the errors caused by specimen voids or inhomogeneities, natural convection, radiative heat transfer, corrosion, deposit formation, radial heat flow, thermocouple location, and thermocouple drift, can be greatly reduced. Since only the change in the specimen thickness and the change in the temperature across the specimen is measured, the potential errors of these measurements are smaller and the influence of convection, radiation, and heat losses can be detected and minimized. In addition, the apparatus can be used with little or no modification to measure the thermal conductivities of solids and gases as well as liquids. Considering the advantages of the method, it is surprising that only limited use has been made of the variable-gap technique.(1–4)
The Mini-Pig: An Ideal Large Animal Model for Studies of Renal Injury in Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy Research

It is now well established that extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL†) produces significant acute renal side effects. There is strong evidence that chronic effects may also accompany ESWL therapy. The clinical and experimental data that document tissue injury from ESWL are compelling but do not adequately address the factors that are responsible for adverse acute side effects or the conditions that may lead to serious long-term health problems. In order to resolve these issues, it is necessary to determine the precise mechanism by which cells are damaged by ESWL. To accomplish this goal, animal experimentation is required so that the time course and severity of acute and chronic alterations can be followed. Animal models allow whole organ analysis of changes in both structural and functional features. These studies must be designed to give the best approximation of the treatment conditions that are applied to patients. To do this requires an animal model with a kidney that has similar structure and function to that of man. The kidneys of most small animals and many large animals, including the dog, do not mimic human renal anatomy and physiology. The laboratory pig appears to be the best large animal subject for ESWL research. The pig offers a model in which kidney size, renal/urinary anatomy, and characteristics of renal function closely resemble the human. Moreover, the methodology for correlative structure and function analysis in the pig is well established. Preliminary data on the mini-pig suggest that it is an excellent model to study the bioeffects of ESWL in that acute traumatic injury, similar to that reported for patients, is induced at therapeutic levels of shock wave delivery.
Effective Communication among Stakeholders: A Key Component for Successful Internship Programs.

Effective communication is vital for meeting the many and varied needs of participants in internship programs. Each participant is a stakeholder who has something to gain or lose from the development and operation of an internship program. These programs are interactive systems involving student interns, future interns, academic institutions, faculty supervisors, host institution on-site supervisors and employees, employers, and professional and accrediting associations (Fulmer, 1993). A challenge exists in meeting the needs of all these diverse stakeholders. When stakeholders' needs conflict or when their needs are not satisfied, problems are inevitable. Effective communication enhances the likelihood that stakeholders will emerge from the interaction as winners (Rogers, 1993). What type of communication facilitates a win-win exchange between stakeholders?
Quality improvement and patient safety organizations in anesthesiology.

The Anesthesiology Quality Institute contributes both to local quality improvement in the practice of anesthesiology through data collection and establishment of benchmarks and to patient safety in partnership with the Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation.
Faults and Related Tectonic Features

The newly formed oceanic lithosphere is continuously transported laterally away from the central zone of intrusion and volcanism. As the lithosphere cools and hardens, it is subjected to the tensional forces of plate separation. Fracture planes develop in the brittle rock, dividing it into a series of fault bound blocks. These blocks then undergo horizontal movement which displaces them east and west away from the active zone of injection. The fractured blocks pass through the tectonic provinces flanking the center zone to the base of the inner rift valley walls. Here they undergo vertical uplift and are incorporated within the flanking crestal mountains. Vertical uplift appears to occur in incremental stages as the position of the east and west walls jump inward with the elevation of a portion of the floor (Ballard and van Andel, 1977). These fault bound blocks consist of individual volcanoes which formed along the central axis of injection. As the lithosphere moves outward, the vertical component of transport is reversed and the blocks move downward, eventually reaching the abyssal depths of deep ocean basins. During this process of transport, the upper crust undergoes mechanical and chemical change which alters its original composition and physical characteristics. These changes, including the nature of crustal fracturing, the degree of hydrothermal alteration, and the effects of subsequent sediment burial are the subject of many investigations. A critical factor in these studies, however, is a fundamental knowledge of the crust’s initial physical starting condition. How, for example, is the crust initially fractured and what are the physical dimensions of the crustal blocks which leave the inner rift valley?
Utilization of imaging modalities in the staging of newly diagnosed rectal cancer: A survey of U.S. radiation oncologists.

564Background: Accurate staging is crucial for management of patients (pts) with newly diagnosed rectal cancer. Endorectal ultrasound (EUS) has been a commonly used imaging modality for almost two ...
The Servant Organization: Levels of Organizational Health

Greenleaf envisioned the institution as servant and not just the leader as servant. This chapter takes the servant leadership definition and model and applies them to organizations. The servant organization is presented as the implications of autocratic, paternalistic, or servant organizations are explored in relation to organizations. The OLA as well as levels of organizational health (toxic/poor, negative paternalistic, positive paternalistic and servant) is presented. Descriptions of each of these health levels are provided. Leaders will be able to assess the health of their own leadership and their organization through the use of the Organizational Leadership Assessment (OLA) and the OLA servant leadership model. The goal is to create healthy organizations that are able to sustain engaged and high performing workers.
Willingness to pay estimates informing agribusiness decision making: a cautionary tale

Multiple methods to improve reliability of results when using willingness-to-pay (WTP) to evaluate consumer preferences have been developed. This study compared methods of accounting for attribute ...
Opening the “Black Box”: Exploring Enhanced Visitations at a Women’s Prison

AbstractCorrectional systems spend considerable resources providing visitations for incarcerated individuals. Researchers have explored whether visitations decrease recidivism, increase prosocial b...
A jump-diffusion model for pricing and hedging with margined options: An application to Brent crude oil contracts

Abstract We develop a jump-diffusion model for pricing and hedging with margined options on futures. Unlike a standard equity option, margined options require no up-front payment. An attractive feature of margined options is that there is no early exercise premiums under general assumptions. Model parameter estimates and out-of-sample pricing errors are calculated using data on Brent crude contracts. Using the same pricing technology, we also hedge equity style options with margined options. Hedging coefficients are derived by matching an extended set of Greeks. We find that a target equity option can be effectively hedged using a portfolio of two margined options and the underlying. As has been reported elsewhere, a delta hedge is inappropriate when the underlying is a jump-diffusion.
B’more Healthy Corner Stores for Moms and Kids: Identifying Optimal Behavioral Economic Strategies to Increase WIC Redemptions in Small Urban Corner Stores

Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) redemption rates have been declining in many low-income urban settings, potentially related to aspects of the food environment. B’more Healthy Corner Stores for Moms and Kids was a feasibility trial in Baltimore City that aimed to test multiple behavioral economic (BE) strategies in 10 corner stores (intervention = eight stores, comparison = two stores), to evaluate their influence on the stocking and redemptions of WIC foods. Tested strategies included in-person storeowner training, point of purchase promotion, product placement, and grouping of products in a display. All four strategies were feasible and implemented with high reach, dose delivered, and fidelity. Additionally, text messaging was found to be an acceptable form of intervention reinforcement for storeowners. Analyses to assess change in stocking of WIC foods, total sales of WIC foods, and sales of WIC foods to WIC clients, revealed consistent positive changes after implementation of the store owner training strategy, while changes after the implementation of other strategies were mixed. Furthermore, WIC food sales to WIC clients significantly increased after the simultaneous implementation of two strategies, compared to one (p > 0.05). Results suggest that store owner training was the most influential strategy and that the implementation of more BE strategies does not necessarily lead to proportional increases in stocking and sales. Selected BE strategies appear to be an effective way of increasing stocking and sales of WIC foods in small urban food stores.
Controlling the Vapor Transport Crystal Growth of Hg3Se2I2 Hard Radiation Detector Using Organic Polymer

The chalcohalide compound Hg3Se2I2 with a defect anti-perovskite structure has been demonstrated to be a promising semiconductor for room temperature X- and γ-ray detection. In this work, we use tr...
Excess heart age in adult outpatients in routine HIV care

Objective:Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality among persons living with HIV (PLWH). We used individual cardiovascular risk factor profiles to estimate heart age for PLWH in medical care in the United States.Design:Cross-sectional analyses of HIV Outpatient Study
Efficient Grasp Planning and Execution With Multifingered Hands by Surface Fitting

This letter introduces a framework to plan grasps with multi-fingered hands. The framework includes a multi-dimensional iterative surface fitting (MDISF) for grasp planning and a grasp trajectory optimization (GTO) for grasp imagination. The MDISF algorithm searches for optimal contact regions and hand configurations by minimizing the collision and surface fitting error, and the GTO algorithm generates optimal finger trajectories to reach the highly ranked grasp configurations and avoid collision with the environment. The proposed grasp planning and imagination framework considers the collision avoidance and the kinematics of the hand-robot system, and is able to plan grasps and trajectories of different categories efficiently with gradient-based methods using the captured point cloud. The found grasps and trajectories are robust to sensing noises and underlying uncertainties. The effectiveness of the proposed framework is verified by both simulations and experiments.
Fibroblasts reduce tumor latency and increase tumor burden when coinjected subcutaneously with prostate carcinoma cells in a mouse xenograft model

1025 A growing literature suggests a role of the stroma in carcinoma progression. It is believed that cytokines secreted from carcinoma cells stimulate stromal cells to secrete pro-growth factors which aid in the progression of the carcinoma. TGF-β is a candidate cytokine believed to participate in this communication. In prostate cancer, a reactive stroma has been described to support the formation of prostate intraepithelial neoplasia and eventually prostate carcinoma. Meanwhile, the number of fibroblasts decreases and the number of myofibroblasts increases in the reactive stroma. TGF-β is also known to directly mediate the differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. In this study, we show that coinoculation of BJ human skin fibroblast cells with DU145 human prostate carcinoma cells subcutaneously into nude mice dramatically decreased tumor latency as well as increased tumor burden. Our study also showed that blocking TGF-β signaling in the fibroblast cells with ectopic expression of a dominant negative TGF-β type II receptor reduced their tumor promoting effect. We are currently investigating whether the abrogation of TGF-β signaling in the fibroblasts inhibited myofibroblast formation in the tumor stroma. Studies are also underway to determine whether similar results can be obtained when prostate-derived stromal cells with or without attenuated TGF-β signaling are orthotopically inoculated with prostate carcinoma cells. These studies should help us to gain a better understanding of the role of prostate stromal cells and stromal TGF-β signaling in prostate cancer progression.
MeToo in Pediatrics

The explosive litany of complaints about men behaving badly that has surfaced in the past year has resonated deeply for me. I alternated between being glued to the news in fascination and refusing to watch in disgust. What am I to make of the current #MeToo movement? How should I think about Harvey Weinstein, Charlie Rose, Matt Lauer, Garrison Keillor, and the circus surrounding Brett Kavanaugh’s nomination? I have been practicing pediatrics for >30 years, a woman in a man’s field. I was a young student during the years of Gloria Steinem and the Equal Rights Movement. I was 1 of 22 women in my medical school class of 96 students, the largest number of women who had ever been accepted to my school. I did not think much of it. My parents had always told me that anyone could accomplish anything with hard work, and my wanting to be a doctor had never seemed exceptional in my home environment. Forget the fact that in kindergarten through sixth grade, when I said, “I want to be a doctor,” someone (usually a teacher) said, “Oh, you mean a nurse, don’t you?” During the medical school application process, I interviewed at a high-profile, prestigious school (which shall remain nameless). The interview format was 7 (exactly) minutes in front of a panel of 3 physicians, not much time to make an impression. When my turn came, I faced the 3 male doctors across the table as they looked at my application. I could feel the clock ticking while I anxiously tried to make an impression. The first doctor said, in a condescending tone, “Young lady, don’t you think you’re going to have trouble being a wife …
Recovering Physiological Changes in Nasal Anatomy with Confidence Estimates

Between preoperative computed tomography (CT) image acquisition and endoscopic sinus surgery, the nasal cavity of a patient undergoes changes. These changes make it challenging for non-deformable vision-based registration algorithms to find accurate alignments between CT image and intraoperative video. Large alignment errors can lead to injuries to critical structures. In this paper, we present a deformable video-CT registration that deforms the patient shape extracted from CT according to statistics learned from population. We also associate confidence with regions of deformed shapes based on the location of matched video features. Experiments on both simulation and in vivo data produced < 1 mm errors (statistically significantly lower than prior work).
Las novedades para los arrendatarios que trae la NIIF 16. Arrendamientos

La NIIF 16 aborda la identificacion de los contratos de arriendo asi como su tratamiento contable en los estados financieros de los arrendatarios y arrendadores. En este articulo se discute la identificacion del contrato de arrendamiento, los desafios de medicion, ventas con arrendamiento posterior y la transicion de la NIIF 16.
Chronic Myofascial Pain, Fibromylagia, and Myofascial Trigger Points

Musculoskeletal pain is one of the most common sources of chronic pain in primary care. Myofascial trigger points can be a source of chronic pain. Myofascial trigger points are hyperirritable nodules of skeletal muscle that can cause not only chronic pain, but also decreased range of motion, autonomic phenomenon, and referred pain. Though their role is still debatable amongst certain clinicians, myofascial trigger points can contribute to chronic pain syndrome, especially for those who have already undergone extensive evaluation with no substantial etiology for their pain. It is reasonable to consider their contribution because treatments are generally musculoskeletal based, readily implemented, and do not require surgery or very invasive treatments.
The Experiences and Perceptions of College Peer Mentors Interacting with Students with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities.

Peer mentoring programs provide an opportunity for individuals with and without intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) to learn, socialize, and work together in supportive and inclusive ...
Constructing a “Democratic” Peace: Allied Peacebuilding Strategy in Germany and Japan

Wheaton College, Department of Politics and International Relations A poor understanding of the causes of the “democratic peace” has contributed to poor policymaking, including attempts to impose d...
No Mere Culinary Curiosities: Using Historical Cookbooks in the Library Classroom

Cookbooks are neglected as information sources and teaching tools in academic libraries, especially for undergraduate learners. Approachable but complex primary sources, they can be examined as a records of people’s food habits, as a window on the authors or their societies and cultures, or as texts with rhetorical aims involving more than just cooking and eating. This study surveys the literature on the use of cookbooks in scholarship and pedagogy, especially in the context of interdisciplinary food studies. It also explains their relevance for the library or archives classroom, both as potential research sources and as tools for teaching primary source literacy skills, and the common barriers to their collection and discovery. Finally, it outlines uses for and approaches to teaching with cookbooks and offers examples of the author’s experience doing so in a special collections setting.
Introduction : Demography, democracy and right-wing populism

[Extract] This chapter argues that populism and the crisis of democracy cannot be understood without an examination of the demographic transformation of modern societies. It demonstrates that declining total fertility rates and the aging of the population are the background conditions for the populist emphasis on the threat of immigration, the connection between the family and the survival of the nation and the defence of the dignity of women. Austrian right-wing populism has been in electoral terms highly successful, populist support for the traditional family and the domestic role of women is not confined to Catholic Europe. The chapter presents complex picture of the interactions between demographic change, immigration, gender and religion in modern populism, but perhaps the picture is in fact more complicated. The emphasis on the proper place of women in the home prompts one to ask whether this defence of the dignity of women points to a crisis of masculinity as one hidden basis of populism.
Clinics for Migrant and Refugee Children: Psychosocial and Organizational Considerations

Clinics serving refugee and migrant children can vary greatly in size, structure, and level of financial support, and thus each will carry unique set of considerations and challenges. However, certain aspects hold true across the range of migrant clinics. For example, the importance of trauma-informed care, the critical role of social workers or case managers, and the essential need for local partnerships carry across different locations and organizations. In addition, certain preventive health measures and screenings should be routinized, and careful attention should be paid to each newcomer child’s history and psychosocial adjustment. Finally, migrant clinics should consider partnering with local legal organizations and must advocate for adequate healthcare for all children, regardless of immigration status.
Diez años del TLCAN: el recuento

Se examinan los resultados de una investigacion del Banco Mundial en la cual se concluye, entre otros aspectos, que el TLCAN condujo a un incremento del PIB de Mexico de 4 a 5 por ciento en un lapso de ocho anos. Al demostrar que las cifras empleadas por aquel organismo discrepan de manera notable de las fuentes generalmente aceptadas, los autores concluyen que en realidad dicho Tratado ha abatido el dinamismo de la economia mexicana, lo contrario del resultado obtenido por el Banco Mundial.
Animals as key promoters of human resilience.

The concept of resilience has been applied in a wide variety of situations and from the molecular to the ecosystem level. It has been most commonly used, however, to describe the capacity of human populations to survive disasters of acute onset and broad scope that are political, economic, social or environmental in origin. One aspect of resilience that is frequently overlooked is the role that animals may play in helping human populations to maintain and restore resilience. The role of animals encompasses companion animals as key sources of social support, as was seen in the United States after Hurricane Katrina, to livestock as critical sources of social and economic capital, as has been seen among herding communities after drought and forced migration in Africa and elsewhere. Because the role of animal populations in disasters is typically overlooked, data on the role of animals in maintaining and restoring human resilience is scant. In situations where human communities maintain strong bonds with animals, regardless of the nature of those bonds, immediate post-disaster response must include efforts to address the survival needs of animals. Intermediate and long-term response planning must include efforts to restore animals to those communities. Public and private veterinary services should be included in post disaster response efforts. Veterinary services can assist by responding to animal needs, documenting critical needs of affected animal populations and thereby providing data for future disaster plans, and helping to restore resilience to human communities after massive disruptions.
Construct Asterisk 16QAM with a low complexity scheme

In OFDM PMEPR coding, the existing construction method for Asterisk 16QAM is based on the set sum of two QPSKs. However, this approach needs the quaternary Reed-Muller codes in implementation. The high complexity of quaternary codes has restricted the actual deployment of corresponding PMEPR mitigation techniques in cellular phone communications. To reduce the system complexity, in this paper we use two BPSK constellations to construct the Asterisk 16QAM. The proposed scheme only needs the binary Reed-Muller code, so the system complexity is reduced.
Daring to be different: colicin N finds another way

The mechanisms by which colicins, protein toxins produced by Escherichia coli, kill other E. coli, have become much better understood in recent years. Most colicins initially bind to an outer membrane protein receptor, and then search for a separate nearby outer membrane protein translocator that serves as a pathway into target cells. Many colicins use the outer membrane porin, OmpF, as that translocator, while using a different primary receptor. Colicin N is unique among known colicins in that only OmpF had been identified as being required for uptake of the colicin and it was presumed to somehow serve as both receptor and translocator. Genetic screens also identified a number of genes required for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) synthesis as uniquely required for killing by colicin N, but not by other colicins. In this issue of Molecular Microbiology, Johnson et al. show that the receptor-binding domain of colicin N binds to LPS, and does not require OmpF for that binding. LPS of a minimal length is required for binding, explaining the requirement for specific elements of the LPS biosynthetic pathway. For colicin N, the receptor-binding domain does not recognize a protein, but rather the most abundant component of the outer membrane itself, LPS.
A 80 /spl mu/W/frame 104/spl times/128 CMOS imager front end for JPEG compression

We present a programmable 80 /spl mu/W/frame (3.3 V supply) single-chip architecture that combines a CMOS imager and an analog image processor capable of computing separable block matrix transforms (DCT, Haar, etc). Floating-gate technology is used for on-chip kernel storage and also for performing low-power current-mode matrix multiplications. We demonstrate this IC as a front-end for JPEG compression and compare the performance of this imager to fully digital approaches.
The Bell Curve Wars: Race, Intelligence, and the Future of America

The Bell Curve Wars: Race, Intelligence, and the Future of America. Steven Fraser, ed. New York, NY: Basic Books, 1995. 216 pp.
Identification of functionally important residues in the DNA binding region of the mnt repressor.

Abstract Single amino acid substitutions have been introduced throughout the N-terminal DNA binding region of the Mnt repressor, and the operator binding properties of the resulting mutant repressors have been assayed. These studies show that the side chains of Arg2, His6, Asn8, and Arg10 are critical for high affinity binding to operator DNA. Other side chains in the N-terminal region do not appear to play major roles in DNA recognition and binding. Specific alterations in the pattern of methylation protection afforded by the Arg2----Lys mutant protein suggest that Arg2 contacts the N7 groups of guanines 10 and 12 in the operator. In conjunction with previous results, these findings suggest that part of the N-terminal region of Mnt binds as an extended polypeptide strand within the major groove of the mnt operator.
Measurement techniques to reveal arrester MOV response during steep-front impulsing

Steep-front, high current tests have been performed on 10 kV and 15 kV MOV (metal oxide varistor) and gapped SiC (silicon carbide) distribution arresters. Arrester voltage responses to steep-front, nearly rectangular current pulses exhibited a large voltage overshoot or initial spike. A considerable part of this overshoot voltage was the induced voltage in the voltage divider due to time-changing magnetic field generated by the rapidly rising arrester current. The overshoot voltage was estimated by replacing the test arrester with a similarly sized aluminum tube. Noises have been filtered out of the voltage and current waveforms by software filtering to determine the maximum rate of rise of the arrester current. The arrester peak voltages and the peak responses of the arrester materials are related linearly to the maximum rate of rise of the arrester currents. >
A win-win industry-university relationship

In harsh economic downtrends, similar to those experienced in the past few years, organizational leaders within companies sought ways to reduce operating costs to boost shareholder value. Unfortunately, most of them took a short-sighted approach by eliminating some of their human capital, one of the most valuable assets of an organization. Of course, in the short term, such companies reduce their costs and therefore project a better balance sheet. Their stock price increases, major shareholders including the executives sell their shares with a nice profit. However, this action has been proven to be unhealthy. This article examines the danger behind weakening the foundation of an organization and the benefits behind strengthening the foundation by providing education and training for the employees through an industry-university partnership.
Enhanced Uniformity and Area Scaling in Carbon Nanotube–Fullerene Bulk‐Heterojunction Solar Cells Enabled by Solvent Additives

Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) fullerene solar cells have recently attracted attention due to their low-cost processing, high environmental stability, and near-infrared absorption. While SWCNT–fullerene bulk-heterojunction photovoltaics employing an inverted architecture and polychiral SWCNTs have achieved efficiencies exceeding 3% over device areas of ≈1 mm2, large-area SWCNT solar cells have not yet been demonstrated. In particular, with increasing device area, spatial inhomogeneities in the SWCNT film have limited overall device performance. Here, 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO) is utilized as a solvent additive to reduce fullerene domain size and to improve SWCNT–fullerene bulk-heterojunction morphology. Under optimized conditions, DIO elucidates the influence of SWCNT chiral distribution on overall device performance, revealing a tradeoff between short-circuit current density and fill factor as a function of the chirality distribution present. The combination of SWCNT chirality distribution engineering and improved spatial homogeneity via solvent additives enables area-scaling of SWCNT–fullerene solar cells with performance comparable to small-area cells.