cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A virtual honeypot framework

A honeypot is a closely monitored network decoy serving several purposes: it can distract adversaries from more valuable machines on a network, provide early warning about new attack and exploitation trends, or allow in-depth examination of adversaries during and after exploitation of a honeypot. Deploying a physical honeypot is often time intensive and expensive as different operating systems require specialized hardware and every honeypot requires its own physical system. This paper presents Honeyd, a framework for virtual honeypots that simulates virtual computer systems at the network level. The simulated computer systems appear to run on unallocated network addresses. To deceive network fingerprinting tools, Honeyd simulates the networking stack of different operating systems and can provide arbitrary routing topologies and services for an arbitrary number of virtual systems. This paper discusses Honeyd's design and shows how the Honeyd framework helps in many areas of system security, e.g. detecting and disabling worms, distracting adversaries, or preventing the spread of spam email.
Identification of Determinants that Govern Processive and Efficient Selenocysteine (Sec) Incorporation

Selenoproteins include essential proteins and are unique as they incorporate selenocysteine (Sec), the 21st amino acid, in response to an stop codon (UGA). Thus selenoprotein expression is a challenge as it requires stop codon redefinition. To date, five essential factors for Sec incorporation have been identified. This includes the mRNA with an inframe UGA codon, a stem loop structure referred to as SECIS element located in the 3'UTR, a dedicated elongation factor (eEFSec), a SECIS binding protein (SBP2) and a unique Sec tRNA Sec-tRNASec. However the mechanistic details of Sec incorporation still remains unclear. Among the known selenoproteins, Selenoprotein P (SEPP1) is unique mainly as it contains multiple UGA codons and possesses two SECIS elements in the 3'UTR. Thus, full length SEPP1 synthesis requires processive Sec incorporation which in vivo appears to be efficient. The focus of this research is to identify core determinants that govern processive and efficient Sec incorporation. Using 75Se label...
Exogenous reference RNA for normalization of real-time quantitative PCR.

We have utilized an in vitro transcribed 3′ mRNA fragment of the plant gene ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBisCO) as an exogenous standard for normalization of quantitative PCR data. Both K56...
Extracting biologically relevant information from microarray data as related to nitrate response in maize roots and node development in rice

For both economic and environmental reasons it is desirable to reduce levels of nitrogen application to maize, while maintaining yields. Here, a cDNA microarray experiment was conducted to identify maize genes that exhibit differential expression at two time points (early: 0.5 hour and late: 24 hours) following exposure to nitrate. A total of 465 genes exhibited differential expression, 44 at the early time point (p≤.05, q≤.27) and 436 at the late time point (p≤.001; q≤..023), with 15 exhibiting differential expression at both time points. The findings from this first study of global transcript responses to nitrate in a C4 plant, overall exhibit a high degree of similarity to previous studies performed in the C3 plants Arabidopsis, tomato, and rice, and in addition contribute novel observations into the transcriptomic responses of plants to nitrate. Comparative analyses across both C3 and C4 species highlight the importance of the pentose phosphate, glycolysis, and Calvin cycle pathways in the nitrate response. This study identified novel genes in these pathways as being differentially expressed following nitrate exposure. The current study also suggests that malate dehydrogenase may play a different role in N metabolism in C4 as compared to C3 plants, consistent with differences in metabolism in these species. This study also identified differentially expressed genes in various other pathways with less immediately obvious
Lifestyle modification intervention among infertile overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

AbstractPurpose:To implement an evidence-based lifestyle modification intervention, guided by motivational interviewing, among a sample of infertile overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome to increase chances of conception while improving overall health.Data sources:A prospective q
Fourier analysis of the light curves of eclipsing variable stars: II. Photometric perturbations for partial eclipses

The aim of the present paper is to find the eclipse perturbations, in the frequency-domain, of close eclipsing systems exhibiting partial eclipses.
Metabolism in HD: still a relevant mechanism?

The polyglutamine expansion within huntingtin is the causative factor in the pathogenesis of Huntington’s disease (HD). Although the underlying mechanisms by which mutant huntingtin causes neuronal dysfunction and degeneration have not been fully elucidated, the compelling evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction and compromised energy metabolism are key players in HD pathogenesis. Longitudinal studies of HD subjects have shown that reductions in glucose utilization before the disease clinical onset. Preferential striatal neurodegeneration, a hallmark of HD pathogenesis, has also been associated with interrupted energy metabolism. Data from genetic HD models indicate that mutant huntingtin disrupts mitochondrial bioenergetics and prevents ATP generation, implying altered energy metabolism as an important component of HD pathogenesis. Here we revisit the evidence of abnormal energy metabolism in the central nervous system of HD patients, overview our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying abnormal metabolism induced by mutant huntingtin, and discuss the promising therapeutic development by halting abnormal metabolism in HD.
Modeling narrative-centered tutorial decision making in guided discovery learning

Interactive narrative-centered learning environments offer significant potential for scaffolding guided discovery learning in rich virtual storyworlds while creating engaging and pedagogically effective experiences. Within these environments students actively participate in problem-solving activities. A significant challenge posed by narrative-centered learning environments is devising accurate models of narrative-centered tutorial decision making to craft customized story-based learning experiences for students. A promising approach is developing empirically driven models of narrative-centered tutorial decision-making. In this work, a dynamic Bayesian network has been designed to make narrative-centered tutorial decisions. The network parameters were learned from a corpus collected in a Wizard-of-Oz study in which narrative and tutorial planning activities were performed by humans. The performance of the resulting model was evaluated with respect to predictive accuracy and yields encouraging results.
Multimodal Transit Connectivity for Flexibility in Extreme Events

Transportation services and their networks are vital in providing users with flexibility under both normal and extreme conditions. The availability of alternatives is essential in emergencies to provide critical support services for evacuation and supplies, yet disasters often impair transportation’s ability to provide these services. In the populous and dense New York and New Jersey area, weather disasters often set records, have occurred historically, and are expected to recur. Vulnerabilities particularly affect disadvantaged populations. Multimodal connectivity for rail and bus transit is evaluated for New York City and several northeastern New Jersey cities for passenger flexibility and risk reduction in emergencies. The U.S. Department of Transportation’s Intermodal Passenger Connectivity Database is evaluated as a general multimodal connectivity context. For rail transit stations, bus counts are computed for each station for buses stopping within a 0.1-mi radius; this requirement reflects the needs...
Scalar transport characteristics of the linear-eddy model

The properties of the linear-eddy model (LEM) are investigated by applying it to the problem of plume dispersion from a line source in homogeneous turbulence. It is concluded that the LEM performs better than previously reported if the decay of the turbulence is taken into account. Also noted is an apparently unphysical characteristic of the LEM that results in a single realization of the stochastic model yielding results, at late times, equivalent to a temporal average.
Status of the Japanese Beetle in 1924

The Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica, increased the area of its distribution during the summer of 1924 to include approximately 5,122 square miles. One infestation of beetles was found near Milton, Penna., a point about 150 miles distant from the main area of infestation. During the summer of 1924 there occurred a migrational flight of the Japanese beetles. About seventy-five per cent of the beetles on the wing at that time proved to be females and the flight lasted approximately four days. During this time the beetles swarmed through the business and residential districts of Philadelphia and outlying points, and it is believed that the majority of the beetles must have flown at least five to seven miles before reaching the city. During this time the insects were alighting on freight cars and vehicles of all kinds, and undoubtedly beetles were carried to some distant points. Methods have been devised for treating the soil to control the larvae which have been exceedingly effective. It has been possible to consistently treat the soil about the roots of nursery stock and obtain a perfect kill of the grubs over 18″ below the surface of the soil. It is now possible to treat golf greens infested by the grubs at a relatively small expense, since an outfit has been devised which eliminates the use of large mixing tank and reduces the labor cost nearly one-half in the application of the dilute emulsion. Progress has also been made in the control of the adult beetle. The finding of a constituent of the beetle's food plants which is highly attractive to the adult insect is being developed as a means of overcoming the repellency of the various poison sprays which have been used. Sufficient data were obtained during the past summer to indicate that the Tachinid parasite of the adult Japanese beetle, Centeter cinerea Aldrich, has become established over an area of approximately 12 square miles by the end of the season of 1924. The situation as far as the control of the Japanese beetle is concerned looks most hopeful. As conditions are at the present time the insect is probably as well, if not more effectively controlled, than are many of the more common insect pests.
The KTP Quandary: Islam, the Ahmadiyya, and the reproduction of Indonesian Nationalism

The history of Islam and Indonesian nationalism has been one of constant contestation and acquiescence. Although a new openness in discussing Islamic issues has emerged within Indonesia since President Suharto’s rule came to an end, past logics of national cohesion have not dissipated and have in fact contributed to the upheaval over the Ahmadiyya’s position as Indonesian Muslims and Indonesians. Exploring Indonesian Identification Cards (Kartu Tanda Penduduk, otherwise known as KTP), which currently require every applying Indonesian citizen to self-identify with one of six religious options: (1) Islam; (2) Christianity; (3) Catholicism; (4) Hinduism; (5) Buddhism; and (6) Confucianism, I argue that despite the 2008 Indonesian Joint-Ministerial Decree categorizing the Ahmadis as deviant Muslims, KTP offers the group an opportunity to publically declare and receive official recognition of their Muslim identity from the Indonesian government. Thus, a situation has emerged in which contradictory governmental action problematizes religious categories and illuminates the paradoxical nature of Indonesian nationalism.
Effect of lock delay on grain barge rates: examination of upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers

Directed acyclic graphs and multivariate time-series analysis are used to identify and measure the effect of lock delay on the upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers grain barge rates. Lock congestion on these rivers and its potentially unfavorable impact on grain barge rates that link the Midwest US to lower Mississippi River ports are of great concern. Results show that accumulated lock delay on segments of the upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers increases grain barge rates; however, the estimated dynamic relationships show that the impact is not large.
Covered cloacal exstrophy--a poorly recognized condition: hints for a correct diagnosis.

Abstract Introduction Covered cloacal exstrophy requires a high index of suspicion for its diagnosis. Low implantation of the umbilical cord, separated pubic bones, and anorectal malformation are the most common signs. Methods Thirty-one patients with this defect were retrospectively analyzed. Results Besides the anorectal malformation, the patients had important unique anatomic findings, including a colon shorter than 20cm (17 patients) and absent bladderneck (27 patients). Twenty-four patients underwent a colonic pullthrough; of those, only 5 of them have voluntary bowel movements. Twelve patients underwent a urinary reconstruction. Eleven of them are dry with catheterization, and one leaks in between catheterization. Two patients are urinary continent. Conclusions Covered exstrophy is a serious condition. Externally, the patients may look like having a rather simple malformation. However, the intra-abdominal findings are similar to those seen in cloacal exstrophy. An early correct diagnosis is important to plan a reconstructive strategy and to adjust the parent's expectations concerning bowel and urinary function. In addition to the traditional prognostic factors for bowel and urinary control (sacral ratio, tethered cord, and level of the rectum) these patients have other anatomic defects (absent bladderneck and short colon) that negatively affect the functional prognosis.
Mid-frequency geoacoustic inversion of source tow data from the ASIAEX east china sea experiment

During the 2001 ASIAEX East China Sea experiment, source tow data were collected by a 16-element, 75-m aperture vertical line array in 105 m deep water. Continuous wave tonals at 95, 195, 295, 395, 805, 850, and 905 Hz were transmitted from a J-15 transducer at a nominal depth of 47 m. An environmental model in the study area initially was derived by matched-field geoacoustic inversion using the low frequency data (195, 295, and 395 Hz). The quality of the inversion was checked by source localization over an interval of time while the source range varied from 1 to 3.5 km. In this study, the mid-frequency data (805, 850, and 905 Hz) are incorporated into the inversion procedure. The results indicate that the bestfit model found using the lower frequency band can be extended one-octave higher in the application of MFP source localization despite higher sidelobe levels. The quality of the refined model again is confirmed by time-continuous, source localization using the higher frequency data over the same time interval.
Viewing brain processes as Critical State Transitions across levels of organization: Neural events in Cognition and Consciousness, and general principles

In this theoretical and speculative essay, I propose that insights into certain aspects of neural system functions can be gained from viewing brain function in terms of the branch of Statistical Mechanics currently referred to as "Modern Critical Theory" [Stanley, H.E., 1987. Introduction to Phase Transitions and Critical Phenomena. Oxford University Press; Marro, J., Dickman, R., 1999. Nonequilibrium Phase Transitions in Lattice Models. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK]. The application of this framework is here explored in two stages: in the first place, its principles are applied to state transitions in global brain dynamics, with benchmarks of Cognitive Neuroscience providing the relevant empirical reference points. The second stage generalizes to suggest in more detail how the same principles could also apply to the relation between other levels of the structural-functional hierarchy of the nervous system and between neural assemblies. In this view, state transitions resulting from the processing at one level are the input to the next, in the image of a 'bucket brigade', with the content of each bucket being passed on along the chain, after having undergone a state transition. The unique features of a process of this kind will be discussed and illustrated.
2012 R&D Trends Forecast

The Industrial Research Institute's (IRI) 2011 survey of member companies suggests a general optimism about RD RD the analysis is based on responses from 73 IRI member companies and 31 non-IRI companies. Because this is a voluntary survey and IRI membership changes due to business events such as mergers, the mix of companies changes from year to year. Nevertheless, we believe that there are a sufficient number of responses from the industrial RD 94 percent of respondents indicated that they expected RD approximately 70 percent of managers indicated that they will not change the dollar value of licenses that they acquire or produce in the coming year. …
Selectable cassettes for simplified construction of yeast gene disruption vectors

Abstract Cassettes based on a hisG-URA3-hisG insert have been modified by the addition of a KmR-encoding gene and flanking polylinker sites, greatly simplifying construction of gene disruption vectors in Escherichia coli. After gene disruption in yeast, URA3 can then be excised by recombination between the hisG repeats flanking the gene, permitting reuse of the URA3 marker
Bioinformatics analysis of macrophages exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis: implications in acute vs. chronic infections.

Background Periodontitis is the most common human infection affecting tooth-supporting structures. It was shown to play a role in aggravating atherosclerosis. To deepen our understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease, we exposed human macrophages to an oral bacteria, Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), either as live bacteria or its LPS or fimbria. Microarray data from treated macrophages or control cells were analyzed to define molecular signatures. Changes in genes identified in relevant pathways were validated by RT-PCR.
Nondestructive evaluation of material strength using depth-sensing indentation

Abstract Successful application of any structural repair or strengthening method requires knowledge of strength and stiffness properties of the materials used in the construction. Depth-sensing indentation is a relatively new material testing method that significantly expands the capabilities of conventional hardness tests. Due to the mathematical complexity of the indentation problem, an analytical solution of the load–penetration depth ( P – h ) behavior is not available for most indenters. This study derives the P – h equations for a truncated cone indenter with arbitrary tip radius and included angle, which covers a wide range of geometries including the cylinder and the cone. A step by step procedure for material strength evaluation is introduced and validated using recorded indentation data. The analytical approach described in this paper can be used in evaluating the modulus of elasticity, stiffness and hardness of common construction materials without resorting to empirical equations.
Effects of Agitation on Oxygen Inhibition, Particle Nucleation, Reaction Rates, and Molecular Weights in Emulsion Polymerization of n-Butyl Methacrylate

Oxygen-free conditions are required during emulsion polymerization reactions to eliminate the inhibition effect of oxygen on the free-radical mechanism of polymerization. Results of a kinetic study of the emulsion polymerization of n-butyl methacrylate using a 1-dm3 reaction calorimeter indicate that oxygen, even in concentrations as low as 1 ppm, not only prolongs the induction period that precedes the chain propagation but also influences the particle nucleation and molecular weights. Agitation promotes the transfer of residual oxygen from the reactor headspace into the emulsion and, therefore, has an effect on the particle nucleation step and other reaction events that follow.
Coronary artery bypass grafting and aortic valve replacement with cold cardioplegia in a patient with cold-induced urticaria.

Background Cold-induced urticaria is an uncommon but well described phenomenon in which a spectrum of responses may result from exposure to a cold stimulus. Patients with cold-induced urticaria who require cold cardiopulmonary bypass are at risk for hypotensive episodes. Objective To describe the case of a 69-year-old man with documented cold-induced urticaria who required aortic valve replacement and coronary artery bypass surgery. Methods After receiving a prophylactic anti-inflammatory regimen, the patient underwent cold cardiopulmonary bypass. After systemic cooling to 32° C, cold blood cardioplegia was administered at 4° C to obtain initial cardiac standstill. Thirty minutes before anticipated rewarming, anti-inflammatory medications were again administered. After rewarming to 37° C for more than 33 minutes, he was successfully weaned from cardiopulmonary bypass without inotropic or pressor support and with normal pulmonary compliance. The prophylactic regimen was continued postoperatively. Results The patient was extubated 11 hours after surgery, and with the exception of a brief, self-limited episode of atrial fibrillation, his course was uneventful. He experienced no urticaria, angioedema, or hypotension and was discharged home on the fourth postoperative day. Conclusions Although it is likely that the need for cold cardiopulmonary bypass surgery in patients with cold-induced urticaria is uncommon, it is encouraging that such a regimen may allow for the successful completion of the surgery.
Factors Associated With Participation in Work-Site Wellness Programs Implications for Increasing Willingness Among Rural Service Employees

The purpose of this study was to identify factors underlying decisions to participate in work-site wellness programs. A sample of 279 full-time workers from a service division of a rural Midwestern university completed a survey assessing demographic and job characteristics, health status and health behaviors, and Reasoned Action Approach (RAA) variables for participating in work-site wellness activities. Regression analyses identified factors associated with intention; multivariate analyses of variance compared low to high intenders on salient beliefs. In sequential regression analyses, constructs of RAA predicted intention over and above the three significant background variables of age, exercise in past month, and fruit and vegetable consumption (R (2) = .469, R (2) change = .409, p < .001). Attitude had the highest relative weight (β = .445, p < .001); perceived norm had a significant weight (β = .273, p < .001). Significant differences in beliefs were found. To increase participation, planners should design programs that provide benefits employees perceive as advantageous and ensure coworker and supervisor support.
Evidence for nappe development during the early Proterozoic Penokean orogeny, Minnesota

Two major phases of early Proterozoic Penokean folding are now recognized in the Thomson Formation of east-central Minnesota. Effects of the first deformation are found only in the southern two-thirds of the exposed Thomson Formation; the second deformation affected the entire region of outcrop. Several lines of evidence indicate that northward-directed nappes developed during the early phase of folding. This evidence includes lithologic differences between the areas of one and two deformations, the pervasive nature of an S 1 foliation in the area of its occurrence, facing directions of F 2 folds, and the refraction pattern of the S 1 foliation in graded metagraywacke-slate beds. Taken together, the data show that an area of several hundred square kilometres is on the upper limb or limbs of a large, northward-directed recumbent fold or folds (nappes) of the early phase of Penokean deformation.
Sedimentation from aerosol flows in finite tubes in random orientation

Abstract The sedimentation from aerosol flows in a system of finite tubes in random orientation has been further studied including the case of large sedimentation velocity. The penetration, retreat and deposition efficiencies are obtained for various length-radius ratios of the tubes and various ratios of sedimentation to convection velocities.
What Causes the Seasonal Cycle of Stationary Waves in the Southern Stratosphere

Stationary planetary waves in the southern stratosphere display a characteristic seasonal cycle. Previous research based on a one-dimensional model suggests that this behavior is mainly determined by seasonally varying transmission properties of the atmosphere with respect to wave propagation. The issue is investigated with the help of a hemispheric, linear, quasi-geostrophic model. It reproduces well some of the observed qualitative features and is internally consistent in the sense that its seasonal wave cycle can be explained in terms of varying wave transmission properties of the mean circulation. On the other hand, the model does not yield the observed seasonal cycle. Despite considerable sensitivity to modifications in the basic-state wind and dissipation parameterization, the model could not be reasonably fit to reproduce the observed seasonal cycle. Possible reasons for the model deficiency are put forward. In summary, even though suggestive, the present study is not entirely conclusive about the degree to which the observed cycle is determined by wave transmission properties alone.
Packet Switching in a Multiaccess Broadcast Channel: Dynamic Control Procedures

In a companion paper [1], the rationale for multiaccess broadcast packet communication using satellite and ground radio channels has been discussed. Analytic tools for the performance evaluation and design of uncontrolled slotted ALOHA systems have been presented. In this paper, a Markovian decision model is formulated for the dynamic control of unstable slotted ALOHA systems and optimum decision rules are found. Numerical results on the performance of controlled channels are shown for three specific dynamic channel control procedures. Several practical control schemes are also proposed and their performance compared through simulation. These dynamic control procedures have been found to be not only capable of preventing channel saturation for unstable channels but also capable of achieving a throughput-delay channel performance close to the theoretical optimum.
A chemical, immunological and electronmicroscopic study of centrifuged human submaxillary saliva

Abstract Human submaxillary saliva collected from four healthy subjects contained a variety of cytoplasmic fragments which were demonstrated by electron microscopy of the sediment from saliva centrifuged at 59,700 g . This procedure yielded a viscous material (salivary gel) containing a considerable number of electron-dense granules and vesicles varying in size from ca. 1.0μ to as small as 250A. The vesicles were found free or as inclusions in fragments of cytoplasmic material containing partially disintegrated mitochondria and membranes. Occasionally blebs of cytoplasm were enclosed by structures which were membranous in appearance. Chemical analysis of salivary gels obtained from one secretor and one nonsecretor of blood group substances revealed that the gels contained considerably less than 10 per cent of the total salivary protein. Also found in the gels were hexose, hexosamine, sialic acid and fucose. The absolute and relative amounts of carbohydrate differed in salivary gels from the secretor and the non-secretor of blood group substances. Blood group assays indicated that blood group substances A, Le(a) and Le(b) were concentrated in the salivary gel.
Generalized fourier analyses of the advection–diffusion equation—Part II: two‐dimensional domains

Part I of this work presents a detailed multi-methods comparison of the spatial errors associated with the one-dimensional finite difference, finite element and finite volume semi-discretizations of the scalar advection–diffusion equation. In Part II we extend the analysis to two-dimensional domains and also consider the effects of wave propagation direction and grid aspect ratio on the phase speed, and the discrete and artificial diffusivities. The observed dependence of dispersive and diffusive behaviour on propagation direction makes comparison of methods more difficult relative to the one-dimensional results. For this reason, integrated (over propagation direction and wave number) error and anisotropy metrics are introduced to facilitate comparison among the various methods. With respect to these metrics, the consistent mass Galerkin and consistent mass control-volume finite element methods, and their streamline upwind derivatives, exhibit comparable accuracy, and generally out-perform their lumped mass counterparts and finite-difference based schemes. While this work can only be considered a first step in a comprehensive multi-methods analysis and comparison, it serves to identify some of the relative strengths and weaknesses of multiple numerical methods in a common mathematical framework. Published in 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Kidney disease and cognitive function: African American-diabetes heart study MIND.

Aims: Albuminuria and reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) are linked with poorer cognitive performance in European-ancestry populations with advanced nephropathy; relationships in African Americans (AAs) with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are less clear. Tests of cognitive performance, urine albumin:creatinine ratio (UACR), and CKD-EPI eGFR were performed in unrelated AAs with T2D to determine relationships. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of 263 unrelated AAs with T2D recruited in the African American-Diabetes Heart Study (AA-DHS) MIND. Global cognitive function (mini-mental state exam [3MSE] and Montreal Cognitive Assessment [MoCA]), memory (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test [RAVLT]), executive function (Stroop, verbal fluency for animals, and Digit Symbol Copy [DSC]), UACR, and eGFR were determined. Relationships between cognitive tests and renal parameters were assessed using multivariate models, adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, hemoglobin A1c, level of education, hypertension, and LDL cholesterol. Results: Participants had a mean ± SD age of 60.2 ± 9.7 years, 62.7% were female, T2D duration was 14.3 ± 8.9 years, eGFR 86.0 ± 23.2 ml/min/1.73 m2, and UACR 155.8 ± 542.1 (median 8.1) mg/g. In adjusted models, higher UACR was associated with worse 3MSE (p = 0.014), MoCA (p = 0.0089), DSC (p = 0.0004), Stroop performance time (p = 0.003), Stroop errors (p = 0.032), and Stroop interference (p = 0.026). Higher eGFR was associated with better performance on DSC (p = 0.0071). Conclusions: In AAs with T2D, albuminuria and eGFR were associated with cognitive function, even in mild kidney disease. These data stress the need for interventions to prevent cognitive decline well before the late stages of kidney disease.
A non-singular boundary integral formula for frequency domain analysis of the dynamic T -stress

A non-singular 2-D boundary integral equation (BIE) in the Fourier-space frequency domain for determining the dynamic T-stress (DTS) is presented in this paper. This formulation, based upon the Fourier transform of the asymptotic expansion for the stress field in the vicinity of a crack tip, can be conveniently implemented as a post-processing step in a frequency-domain boundary element analysis of cracks. The proposed BIE is accurate as it can be directly collocated at the crack tip in question. The technique is also computationally effective as it simply requires a similar computing effort as that used in determining the dynamic stress components at an interior point of a domain. Five numerical examples involving both straight and curved cracks are studied to validate the proposed technique. For the frequency domain analysis of the DTS in these examples, the exponential window method is employed to obtain its time history.
Generalized Linear Programming Solves the Dual

The generalized linear programming algorithm allows an arbitrary mathematical programming minimization problem to be analyzed as a sequence of linear programming approximations. Under fairly general assumptions, it is demonstrated that any limit point of the sequence of optimal linear programming dual prices produced by the algorithm is optimal in a concave maximization problem that is dual to the arbitrary primal problem. This result holds even if the generalized linear programming problem does not solve the primal problem. The result is a consequence of the equivalence that exists between the operations of convexification and dualization of a primal problem. The exact mathematical nature of this equivalence is given.
The interaction of masculinity and control and its impact on the experience of suffering for an older man

Previous work suggests that control and suffering are related to one another. Although it would be expected that within cultures which emphasize the importance of masculinity, as well as personal control, there would be greater suffering among individuals who lose their sense of masculinity or control, how these constructs relate to each other and are individually negotiated has been largely understudied. This paper takes a case study approach to further exploring how the constructs of control, masculinity, and suffering are related in the lived experience of an older European American man, Mr. Gregor. Analysis of this case shows that masculinity is related to control and that these constructs act as themes which interact over Mr. Gregor's lifetime in a variety of ways. The level of control maintained by Mr. Gregor in different aspects of his life affects his sense of suffering. In some instances his sense of masculinity helps to protect Mr. Gregor against suffering; in others, it contributes to his suffering. These findings support the notion that there are culturally dependent possibilities for how control and masculinity are related.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa with metastases to the pericardial cavity, lung and thyroid

Pericardial metastasis from the oral cavity is a rare event. Squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa is not known to spread to the pericardium. We present a case of buccal mucosal carcinoma with distant metastases diagnosed by pericardial biopsy.
Effect of quercetin on the plasma and intracellular concentrations of saquinavir in healthy adults

Study Objectives. To determine if quercetin, a bioflavonoid that inhibits p-glycoprotein, alters plasma saquinavir concentrations, and to explore the potential influence on intracellular concentrations. Design. Prospective pharmacokinetic analysis. Setting. University-affiliated general clinical research center. Subjects. Ten healthy adults (four women, six men) with a mean ± SD age of 30.7 ± 9.4 years. Intervention. All subjects received saquinavir 1200 mg 3 times/day with food on days 1–11 and quercetin 500 mg 3 times/day with food on days 4–11. Measurements and Main Results. On days 4 and 11, nine blood samples and four peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples were drawn during a steady-state dosing interval. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by using standard noncompartmental techniques. Plasma saquinavir concentrations were similar regardless of quercetin administration. Geometric mean ratios for the area under the concentration-time curve during an 8-hour dosing interval (AUC0–8), maximum concentration in the dosing interval, and minimum concentration in the dosing interval were 0.99 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.65–1.50), 0.99 (95% CI 0.64–1.54), and 1.06 (95% CI 0.68–1.67), respectively. Intracellular saquinavir concentrations displayed substantial intra- and intersubject variability, which limited the ability to determine the influence of quercetin coadministration (geometric mean ratio for AUC0–8 = 0.51 [95% CI 0.14–1.95], six patients). Conclusion. Quercetin coadministration did not influence plasma saquinavir concentrations. Because of substantial inter- and intrasubject variability, more study is necessary to determine if saquinavir intracellular concentrations are altered by coadministration of quercetin.
Knowledge management as a method for supporting digital library projects

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to define and describe a low‐barrier method of implementing knowledge management as a mechanism for supporting digital library projects and processes.Design/methodology/approach – This article provides a general overview of knowledge management and some low‐barrier methods for implementing a knowledge exchange program in a library.Findings – Knowledge management (KM) is a useful tool for facilitating projects and processes in the digital library. By implementing a knowledge management program using familiar tools and in an incremental fashion, a library can gain the benefits of a KM program in an orderly and non‐disruptive manner.Originality/value – This paper fills a gap in the digital library project management literature by providing an overview of knowledge management and its role in digital library management.
Reduction by lead of hydrocortisone-induced glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase activity in cultured rat oligodendroglia.

Time- and dose-dependent toxic effects of lead (Pb) acetate on astroglia, oligodendroglia, and meningeal fibroblasts cultured from immature rat brain were measured. Cultures were exposed for 3 d to Pb (1,10, and 100 μM) and then examined immediately (Day 0) or 3 or 10 d after Pb treatment was discontinued. The percentages of astroglia and fibroblasts excluding dye were unaffected by Pb, whereas the percentage of oligodendroglia excluding dye decrease significantly (P<0.01) at all time points after exposure to 100 μM Pb. Lead (100 μM) also reduced the total cell numbers of astroglia, oligodendroglia, and meningeal fibroblasts. Amino acid incorporation into protein by oligodendroglia was stimulated after exposure to 100 μM Pb at all time points and also by 1 and 10 μM on Day 3. Incorporation was stimulated in astroglia only on Day 0 by 10 and 100 μM. Hydrocortisone-stimulated glycerolphosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity was assayed in oligodendroglia cultures. A significant decrease in specific activity was seen after a 4-d exposure to lead. Because oligodendroglia are responsible for myelin synthesis in the central nervous system, and GPDH may synthesize a precursor for myelin lipid synthesis, it was proposed that the hypomyelination observed in lead-intoxicated neonatal rats may result partially from a primary toxic effect on oligodendroglia. GPDH activity was not inhibited by Pb in mixed glial cultures containing both astroglia and oligodendroglia. This result suggests that astroglia in culture have the ability to delay the lead-induced inhibition of oligodendroglial GPDH activity and supports the hypothesis that astroglia in culture serve a protective function.
Morphologic identification of atypical chronic lymphocytic leukemia by digital microscopy

SummaryIntroduction Atypical chronic lymphocytic leukemia (aCLL) is a morphologic variant found in approximately 25% of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Although aCLL has a more aggressive course compared to typical CLL (tCLL), it is not usually reported. This retrospective study used digital microscopy to morphologically classify CLL patients as aCLL or tCLL, and determined the prevalence of prognostic markers in each group. Methods CellaVision AB (Lund, Sweden) was used to evaluate lymphocyte morphology on archived blood films of 97 CLL patients, and results of their prognostic marker analysis at diagnosis were obtained. The unpaired t-test, Chi-square, or Fisher's Exact test were used for statistical analysis. Results 27% of CLL cases were morphologically classified as aCLL. The aCLL group had a higher prevalence of trisomy 12, unmutated IgVH, and CD38 expression (markers associated with poor prognosis), and a lower prevalence of 13q14 deletions compared to tCLL; this was statistically significant. Conclusion Using digital imaging to identify aCLL is feasible, economical, and may provide clinically relevant prognostic information at diagnosis and during periodic monitoring. Further study of a larger number of patients is needed to assess the clinical utility of reporting aCLL morphology.
Sensitivity of immunoassays for detecting cross-reactivity of homologous venom proteins of yellow jackets

The venoms of yellow jackets of Vespula flavopilosa, V. pennsylvanica, V. squamosa, and V. vulgaris have similar proteins. Their major components comprise antigen 5, hyaluronidase, and phospholipase A1. The homologous venom proteins share very similar biochemical properties. With the exception of antigen 5 and phospholipase of V. squamosa, they also have very similar antigenic properties. The venom proteins of V. squamosa and V. vulgaris were equally effective in inducing secondary antibody responses in mice that were primed with V. squamosa proteins. No cross-reaction of V. squamosa and V. vulgaris venom proteins was detected on immunodiffusion with specific mouse antisera. A very weak cross-reaction was detected by inhibition of ELISA, and a moderate cross-reaction was detected by direct ELISA. The varying cross-reactivity is a consequence of the different sensitivities of the assays. The sensitivity of the direct ELISA is apparently caused by a greater enhancement of the binding of low-affinity antibodies for the solid-phase antigen than that of high-affinity antibodies. Most untreated yellow jacket-sensitive patients tested had about tenfold higher levels of IgG specific for V. vulgaris proteins than those specific for V. squamosa proteins. This pattern of antibody specificity can be accounted for on the basis of cross-reactivity of these yellow jackets as suggested by the results with the mouse system.
Grating-enhanced through-wafer optical microprobe for microelectromechanical system high-resolution optical position feedback.

We present modeling and experimental results from the use of a 1310-nm-wavelength through-wafer optical microprobe in conjunction with a microstructure grating to monitor the motion of a lateral comb resonator stage. The optical signal that results from shuttle interaction with the microprobe beam exhibits a peak-to-valley dynamic range that corresponds to 2-µm microstructure displacement, facilitating submicrometer positional resolution on digitization. This signal was used to achieve microstructure positional feedback and effective microsystem model parameter extraction, which are essential for structure control and model-based fault detection.
Family therapy and social control with incestuous families

The family therapy and social control model describes first the relationship between unplanned change and developmental growth. With many families, the family therapist works to both provoke change and encourage growth. However, some out-of-control families present a level of danger to a family member that outside controls, such as child protective services, must be used. This model clarifies the complementary but independent roles of family therapy and social control in helping out-of-control families. Intervention with incestuous families is presented as illustrative of the model.
An Introductory Course on Modeling and Simulation

We describe our experiences teaching CPSC 109 - Introduction to Modeling and Simulation, an introductory course that we developed [1]. The course fills one of two quantitative reasoning requirements for the general education program at the University of Mary Washington (UMW) and serves as one of two possible prerequisites for UMW's Computer Science 1 course [2]. It is also intended to serve as a bridge between computer science and other disciplines at UMW, particularly those in the natural and physical sciences. The course is based on the National Computational Science Institute (NCSI) [3] Introduction to Computational Thinking Workshop, but adds in an explicit emphasis on introductory programming concepts for several weeks to ensure adequate preparation for Computer Science 1. We discuss the tools the students use in the course, some assignments, and the projects that students have created at the end of the semester. In addition, we discuss a special version of the course we have created for students in UMW's honors program [4].
Self-Assembled Colloidal Superparticles from Nanorods

Colloidal superparticles are nanoparticle assemblies in the form of colloidal particles. The assembly of nanoscopic objects into mesoscopic or macroscopic complex architectures allows bottom-up fabrication of functional materials. We report that the self-assembly of cadmium selenide-cadmium sulfide (CdSe-CdS) core-shell semiconductor nanorods, mediated by shape and structural anisotropy, produces mesoscopic colloidal superparticles having multiple well-defined supercrystalline domains. Moreover, functionality-based anisotropic interactions between these CdSe-CdS nanorods can be kinetically introduced during the self-assembly and, in turn, yield single-domain, needle-like superparticles with parallel alignment of constituent nanorods. Unidirectional patterning of these mesoscopic needle-like superparticles gives rise to the lateral alignment of CdSe-CdS nanorods into macroscopic, uniform, freestanding polymer films that exhibit strong photoluminescence with a striking anisotropy, enabling their use as downconversion phosphors to create polarized light-emitting diodes.
To App or Not to App: Engaging Consumers via Branded Mobile Apps

With the rapid growth of smartphone and smartphone application users, mobile apps have attracted an increasing amount of attention as an engaging platform for marketing communication. A content analysis of 106 branded apps of global brands found that most global brands incorporate into their apps important engagement attributes that this study examines (i.e., vividness, novelty, motivation, control, customization, feedback, and multiplatforming) and frequently employ entertainment features. In addition, this study shows the extent to which branded apps employ transformational and informational message strategies. Last, branded apps feature a variety of brand-related content, including brand identifiers and virtual products. Practical implications of this study are discussed for mobile advertisers and branded app designers.
Computer simulations of complex chemical systems

In this paper, after a brief description on our approach to simulations of chemical systems, some of the results obtained are discussed. Four examples are reported: 1) liquid water simulation which takes in account a four-body potential; 2) hydration networks in a crystal; 3) water and ion structures in DNA; 4) proton tunneling in DNA base pairs. We include also a short description of a parallel system we have assembled.
Retroactive and proactive inhibition in the short-term retention of paired associates

This study investigated whether paradigm of transfer would have the same influence on RI and PI after varying intervals of time in STM as it does in LTM. Two lists, each with 2 pairs of CVC stimuli and word responses, were presented once, followed by number reading. MMFR was given after 6, 22, or 40 sec. Each S was given 3 replications. On Test 1, with positive transfer, List-1 and List-2 recall were equal and Ss did not differ from controls; with negative transfer, PI exceeded RI and Ss recalled significantly less than controls. Recall did not change over time on Test 1. A decrease in recall over tests, a measure of intra-experimental PI, was present and significant.