cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Applications of DNA fingerprinting in pediatric practice.

Summary Pediatric cases have played historic and precedentsetting roles in DNA forensics. DNA fingerprinting is a powerful tool for the pediatrician in cases of physical and sexual abuse and when issues arise regarding identification and familial relationships. If this technology is to be utilized effectively, the physician must know how to collect and document specimens. The pediatrician needs to be cautious in making referrals for commercial DNA banking. Whereas well-maintained and protected DNA repositories can be extremely valuable when there are medical and other appropriate indications, there are very real concerns about commercial DNA banking solely for purposes of identification. Pediatricians should recognize that this technology can be applied in novel but important new ways in their practices. For example, at the first indication of a possible mix-up of babies in the nursery, this should be acknowledged and rapidly resolved through DNA profiling of the parents and the neonates.
Discrete‐vortical elements simulation of air jet interaction with swirling air motion inside a 2D cylinder

A computational procedure based on a hybrid Lagrangian‐Eulerian discrete‐vortical element formulation and conformal transformation schemes are employed in this study to simulate the interaction of an air jet with swirling air flow inside a two‐dimensional cylinder. Such an investigation is of importance to many flow‐related industrial and environmental problems, such as mixing, cooling, combustion and dispersion of air‐borne or water‐borne contaminants because of the role of vortices in the global transport of matter and heat. The basis for the simulation is discussed and numerical results compared with theoretical results for the velocity field and streamfunction obtained by the method of images. The swirling air motion and the features of a real jet are well simulated and numerical results are validated by predictions of theory to within 20 per cent. To illustrate the merging and interaction processes of vortices and the formation of large eddies, velocity vectors, particle trajectories and streamline contours are presented.
Poverty and Purification: The Politics of Gandhi's Campaign for Prohibition

(2005). Poverty and Purification: The Politics of Gandhi’s Campaign for Prohibition. The Historian: Vol. 67, No. 3, pp. 489-506.
5-HT1A receptor activation contributes to ziprasidone-induced dopamine release in the rat prefrontal cortex

Background: Ziprasidone (Zeldox) is a novel antipsychotic with a unique combination of antagonist activities at monoaminergic receptors and transporters and potent agonist activity at serotonin 5-HT1A receptors. 5-HT1A receptor agonism may be an important feature in ziprasidone’s clinical actions because 5-HT1A agonists increase cortical dopamine release, which may underlie efficacy against negative symptoms and reduce dopamine D2 antagonist-induced extrapyramidal side effects. This study investigated the in vivo 5-HT1A agonist activity of ziprasidone by measuring the contribution of 5-HT1A receptor activation to the ziprasidone-induced cortical dopamine release in rats. Methods: Effects on dopamine release were measured by microdialysis in prefrontal cortex and striatum. The role of 5-HT1A receptor activation was estimated by assessing the sensitivity of the response to pretreatment with the 5-HT1A antagonist, WAY-100635. For comparison, the D2/5-HT2A antagonists clozapine and olanzapine, the D2 antagonist haloperidol, the 5-HT2A antagonist MDL 100,907 and the 5-HT1A agonist 8-OHDPAT were included. Results: Low doses (<3.2 mg/kg) of ziprasidone, clozapine, and olanzapine increased dopamine release to approximately the same extent in prefrontal cortex as in striatum, but higher doses (≥3.2 mg/kg) resulted in an increasingly preferential effect on cortical dopamine release. The 5-HT1A agonist 8-OHDPAT produced a robust increase in cortical dopamine (DA) release without affecting striatal DA release. In contrast, the D2 antagonist haloperidol selectively increased striatal DA release, whereas the 5-HT2A antagonist MDL 100,907 had no effect on cortical or striatal DA release. Prior administration of WAY-100635 completely blocked the cortical DA increase produced by 8-OHDPAT and significantly attenuated the ziprasidone- and clozapine-induced cortical DA increase. WAY-100635 pretreatment had no effect on the olanzapine-induced DA increase. Conclusions: The preferential increase in DA release in rat prefrontal cortex produced by ziprasidone is mediated by 5-HT1A receptor activation. This result extends and confirms other in vitro and in vivo data suggesting that ziprasidone, like clozapine, acts as a 5-HT1A receptor agonist in vivo, which may contribute to its activity as an antipsychotic with efficacy against negative symptoms and a low extrapyramidal side effect liability.
A tandem-ICR study of internal energy effects in the D3+ + Ar and ArD+ + H2(D2) reactions

Abstract The reactions of D 3 + with Ar and ArD + (ArH + ) with H 2 (D 2 ) are examined in a Tandem—Ion Cyclotron Resonance mass spectrometer. Product distributions and rate constants are reported as a function of the average number of collisions with D 2 (H 2 ) which the reactant ion undergoes in the source prior to reaction. The D 3 + (Ar, D 2 )ArD + reaction is endothermic and the rate constant drops rapidly as the D 3 + ions are collisionally relaxed. The reaction of ArD + with H 2 yields both H 2 D + and ArH + products with a rate constant for the first channel of less than a quarter of the collision rate constant. This result is rationalized in terms of a simple polarization-stripping model.
Comparison of FTIR spectroelectrochemical techniques for analysis of the electrochemical behavior of redox couples and adsorbed molecules on electrode surfaces

Three different FT-IR spectroelectrochemical techniques have been used to investigate carbon monoxide adsorbed on platinum and the Fe(CN) 6 3-/4- redox couple. The first application of step-scan interferometry to a electrochemical redox system is described. The information acquired with rapid-scan and step-scan techniques is discussed.
Effects of excessive ammonium deposition on the nutritional status and condition of pine needles

In the southeastern part of the Netherlands many Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees show signs of yellowing. To investigate whether there is a relation between this phenomenon and the high ammonium deposition, needle and soil samples were analyzed. Soil samples from the discoloured forests contained more extractable nitrogen than samples from healthy stands, whereas differences in pH values were small. Needles from yellow trees had higher levels of total nitrogen than needles from green trees as well as severe imbalances of Mg, K+ and P relative to N. The amount of leaf pigments was substantially lower in needles of the diseased trees, but they contained much higher quantities of free arginine, which accounted for a major part of total nitrogen. This may be an indication of a severe nitrogen overload. The linkage between this excessive nitrogen nutrition and the observed process of yellowing is discussed.
Refusing the Favor: The Spanish-Mexican Women of Santa Fe, 1820-1880

Refusing the Favor unveils a method for understanding how Mexico's northern land, New Mexico, came under the authority of the United States and what role women played in the political game of takeover. By not losing sight of the Spanish-Mexican women of Santa Fe, the most populated town west of the Mississippi until the California Gold Rush, it places gender squarely in the middle of the dialogue about conquest.
AMPLITUDE CHANGES OF AUDITORY POTENTIALS EVOKED AT COCHLEAR NUCLEUS DURING ACOUSTIC HABITUATION.

Abstract 1. 1. Evoked auditory potentials at the cochlear nucleus were recorded from sixteen chronically implanted electrodes in nine cats during acoustic habituation at each of two repetition rates — 1/sec and 1/10 sec. Seven animals were given 6 h habituation runs and two were given 5 day runs. 2. 2. Three simultaneous recordings were obtained from each bipolar electrode. Two of these were monopolar tracings, comparing each tip of the electrode to ground, and the third was a bipolar recording between the two electrode tips. 3. 3. Reduction of evoked CN potentials during acoustic habituation was not confirmed. Statistically significant changes in amplitude occurred but these were small and inconsistent in direction. Increases as well as decreases were observed. 4. 4. Amplitude changes were inconsistent between right and left CN as well as between two adjacent points within one CN. 5. 5. No correlation was found between electrode placement and direction of amplitude changes over time. Even from one electrode tip, amplitude changes on one run could be reversed on a second run. 6. 6. No consistent effect on peak to peak amplitudes was observed as a function of rate of stimulus presentation or amount of movement of the animal. 7. 7. The cumulative mean amplitude of potentials in the alert samples was larger than in the sleep samples. It is suggested that the acoustic effects secondary to position differences between the alerted and the sleeping samples would tend to contribute to the amplitude differences observed. 8. 8. The implications of these results for CN function during acoustic habituation are discussed.
EverVIEW: A visualization platform for hydrologic and Earth science gridded data

The EverVIEW Data Viewer is a cross-platform desktop application that combines and builds upon multiple open source libraries to help users to explore spatially-explicit gridded data stored in Network Common Data Form (NetCDF). Datasets are displayed across multiple side-by-side geographic or tabular displays, showing colorized overlays on an Earth globe or grid cell values, respectively. Time-series datasets can be animated to see how water surface elevation changes through time or how habitat suitability for a particular species might change over time under a given scenario. Initially targeted toward Florida's Everglades restoration planning, EverVIEW has been flexible enough to address the varied needs of large-scale planning beyond Florida, and is currently being used in biological planning efforts nationally and internationally.
Potentialities of Lunar laser range-differencing for measuring the Earth's orientation

An investigation of range differences for their capabilities in determining the orientation of the earth in an earth-moon reference system is presented. Each pair of two coobserving stations forms an observational unit which is preferably located along a meridian or parallel; for a time interval from the instant of the first simultaneous observation of the most eastern line to the last observation of the most western line, a variance analysis shows that the pole position and the earth rotation can be computed independently of errors in the adopted lunar ephemeris. It is concluded that if the stations are within 10 to 15 deg in north-south or east-west direction the standard deviations of the parameters do not increase significantly.
Social processes and psychiatric symptom pattern change: Wallace revisited.

Some years ago Wallace utilized the concepts of catharsis and control to considerable advantage in his study of Iroquois therapeutic strategies. In this study the investigators tested these concepts as they might apply to changing social processes and psychiatric symptom patterns among the Seattle-King County population. In this 25-year historical and epidemiological study, an interaction between the directions of changes in cathartic and control attitudes of key institutions, and changing characteristics in the presenting complaints of first admission state hospital patients, was plotted and analyzed. The findings lent support to Wallace's hypothesis that, indeed, cathartic and control strategies of societies do shape the quality and extent of the normative and non-normative expressions. The investigators' contentions of interaction between social processes and psychiatric symptoms were demonstrated through changes in quality and amounts within both system variable and individual behavior variable. Chang...
Nanostructured superhydrophobic surfaces

A study on superhydrophobic silica surfaces based on roughness created by assembling different nanostructured materials was reported. Four different surface structures were created on a silica base material, which was subsequently covered with a self-assembled monolayer of tridecafluoro-1,1,2,2- tetrahydrooctyldimethylchlorosilane (TFCS). The surfaces consisting of a nanofiber mesh demonstrated the highest static contact angle, when covered with TFCS monolayers. However, the surfaces consisting of nanorod arrays were found to be possessing the best dynamic hydrophobicity due to their continuous surface structure.
Austrian's triad complicated by suppurative pericarditis and cardiac tamponade: a case report and review of the literature

Austrian's triad is a rare complication of disseminated Streptococcus pneumoniae infection consisting of pneumonia, meningitis, and endocarditis. We report what we believe to be the first case of Austrian's triad further complicated by purulent pericarditis and cardiac tamponade, and review the relevant literature.
Biographical Sketch: Virgil Pendelton Gibney, MD, 1847–1927

This biographical sketch on Virgil Pendelton Gibney corresponds to the historic text, The Classic: Chapter XVIII. Operative Treatment in Chronic Articular Ostitis, available at DOI 10.1007/s11999-009-1165-3.
Copulatory behavior of old-field mice (Peromyscus polionotus) from different natural populations

In an effort to study a biologically important behavioral pattern in different naturally occurring populations of the same species, the copulatory behavior ofPeromyscus polionotus from South Carolina and from Santa Rosa Island, Florida, was compared with that ofP. polionotus from the Ocala National Forest, Florida. Twelve male and 16 female South Carolina mice received 71 tests, and five male and three female Santa Rosa mice received 18 tests. The basic pattern was identical across all three samples, being characterized by no lock, no intravaginal thrusting, multiple intromissions, and multiple ejaculations. Prolonged intromissions followed organized ejaculatory series. Quantitative differences among samples were found for several measures. Intromission Frequency appears particularly susceptible to local variation. Between-population differences in copulatory behavior appear to be of a quantitative rather than a qualitative nature.
Browsing image database using network spanners

Images in a database can be modeled by a network whose nodes represent the images and whose edges code the similarity between images with respect to descriptors such as EXIF settings, color, or texture features. In this paper we borrow from distributed computing the concept of network spanners to extract a sub-network that captures the essential relationships and leads to a meaningful, non-cluttered and systematic visual interface for the database. A spanner optimizes the total edge cost of the resultant sub-network while maintaining its distance profile - the path length between any two nodes in the resultant is never stretched beyond a bound. A visual interface for a typical image database and its usage is presented in this paper.
Probabilistic Quantitative Precipitation Forecasting Using Bayesian Model Averaging

Abstract Bayesian model averaging (BMA) is a statistical way of postprocessing forecast ensembles to create predictive probability density functions (PDFs) for weather quantities. It represents the predictive PDF as a weighted average of PDFs centered on the individual bias-corrected forecasts, where the weights are posterior probabilities of the models generating the forecasts and reflect the forecasts’ relative contributions to predictive skill over a training period. It was developed initially for quantities whose PDFs can be approximated by normal distributions, such as temperature and sea level pressure. BMA does not apply in its original form to precipitation, because the predictive PDF of precipitation is nonnormal in two major ways: it has a positive probability of being equal to zero, and it is skewed. In this study BMA is extended to probabilistic quantitative precipitation forecasting. The predictive PDF corresponding to one ensemble member is a mixture of a discrete component at zero and a gam...
Remote sensing of surface visibility from space: A look at the United States East Coast

Measurement of surface visibility is important for the management of air quality, human health, and transportation. Currently, visibility measurements are only available through ground-based instrumentation, such as the Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS), and therefore lack spatial coverage. In analogy to the recent work of using satellite-based aerosol optical depth (AOD) to derive surface dry aerosol mass concentration at continental-to-global scale for cloud-free conditions, this study evaluates the potential of AOD retrieved from the MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) for deriving surface visibility. For this purpose of evaluation the truncated (up to w16 km or 10 miles) and discrete (at the interval no less than 0.4 km or 1/4 mile) visibility data from hourly operational weather reports are not suitable, and the ASOS-measured one-minute raw surface extinction coefficient (bext) values have to be used. Consequently, a method for quality control on the bext data is first developed to eliminate frequent problems such as extraneous points, poor calibration, and bad formatting, after which reliable bext data are obtained to estimate the surface visibility. Subsequent analysis of the AOD and bext relationship on the East Coast of the United States reveals their average linear correlation coefficient (R) of 0.61 for all twelve (2000e2011) years of data at 32 ASOS stations, with the highest R value in summer and the lowest values in fall and winter. Incorporation of the Goddard Earth Observing System, Version 5 (GEOS-5) modeled vertical profile of aerosols into the derivation of visibility from AOD is evaluated for two methods, one scaling the modeled surface bext with the ratio of MODIS AOD to the modeled AOD, and another scaling the ratio of modeled AOD in the boundary layer to total columnar AOD with the MODIS AOD and assuming well-mixed aerosol extinction in the boundary layer. Analysis with three summers (2003e2004, 2006) of available GEOS-5 data and ASOS data reveals that the second method is superior, and generates a regression model that, after independent evaluation for summer 2005, is found to be statistically robust with R of 0.70 and a mean bias of 0.32 km in derived visibility. This study is among the first to demonstrate the potential of using satellite-based aerosol product over land to operationally derive surface visibility.
Fission Excitation Functions

Excitation functions of the reactions $\mathrm{U}(\ensuremath{\alpha},\mathrm{fission})$, $\mathrm{Th}(\ensuremath{\alpha},\mathrm{fission})$, $\mathrm{U}(d,\mathrm{fission})$, $\mathrm{Th}(d,\mathrm{fission})$ were measured by use of alpha-particles and deuterons of maximum energies of 37.6 and 18.8 Mev, respectively. This was done using a stacked-foil technique. Recoil fission fragments were collected on aluminum "catchers" and their beta-activities formed a relative measure of the number of fissions occurring during a bombardment. An absolute calibration is described. If no competing processes are assumed, comparison with theory results in effective nuclear radii of 11.0\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}13}$ cm for the interaction of alpha-particles with uranium and 9.9\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}13}$ cm for the interaction of deuterons with uranium.
Qualitative convergence of matrices

Abstract In this paper, we study potential convergence of modulus patterns. A modulus pattern Z is convergent if all complex matrices in Q ( Z ) (i.e. all matrices with modulus pattern Z ) are convergent. A modulus pattern is potentially (absolutely) convergent if there exists a (nonnegative) convergent matrix in Q ( Z ) . We also introduce types of potential convergence that correspond to diagonal and D-convergence, studied in [E. Kaszkurewicz, A. Bhaya, Matrix Diagonal Stability in Systems and Computation, Birkhauser, 2000]. Convergent modulus patterns have been completely characterized by Kaszkurewicz and Bhaya [E. Kaszkurewicz, A. Bhaya, Qualitative stability of discrete-time systems, Linear Algebra Appl. 117 (1989) 65–71]. This paper presents some techniques that can be used to establish potential convergence. Potential absolute convergence and potential diagonal convergence are shown to be equivalent, and their complete characterization for n × n modulus patterns is given. Complete characterizations of all introduced types of potential convergence for 2 × 2 modulus patterns are also presented.
Activation of the alternative (properdin) pathway of complement by Candida albicans and related species.

Accumulations of neutrophilic granulocytes within the epidermis and beneath the stratum corneum of the skin are a prominent histologic feature of experimental and clinical candidiasis. The mechanism of cell accumulation was studied by standard chemotactic methods. Suspensions of viable or heat-killed Candida sp caused marked chemotaxis of human neutrophils in fresh serum. Culture supernatants of Candida sp were not chemotactic. Chemotaxis was dependent upon fresh serum, and could be abolished by heating the serum to 56°C for 30 min, suggesting that interaction of these organisms with a heat-labile serum factor generated a chemoattractant. Incubation of Candida sp with fresh human serum resulted in the conversion of the third component of complement and properdin factor B, as measured by immunoelectrophoresis. Conversion did not occur in serum chelated with EDTA, or heated to 50°C for 30 min (to destroy factor B). Conversion was present in serum chelated with EGTA (to deplete calcium), or genetically deficient in the fourth component of complement. By contrast, the three components of the kinin-forming system (Hageman factor, prekallikrein, high-molecular-weight kininogen) were not activated by Candida sp . We suggest that Candida sp do not release a chemotactic substance but, in the presence of serum, activate the alternative pathway of complement, generating chemotactic factors.
APL2-a RISC business

APL2 is one of the most exciting programming languages to evolve from IBM's original APL discovery. APL2 has been restricted to IBM 370 mainframe computers, due to the complexity of the interpreter required to implement all facets of the language.This paper describes a joint research / feasibility study carried out by IBM's Madrid and Winchester Scientific Centres on generating a “Portable” Workstation APL2 interpreter.
Resistant Hypertension and Aldosterone: An Update

Resistant hypertension (RHTN) is defined as a blood pressure remaining above goal despite the concurrent use of 3 antihypertensive medications of different classes, including, ideally a diuretic. RHTN is an important health problem with a prevalence rate expected to increase as populations become older, more obese, and at higher risk of having diabetes and chronic kidney disease, all of which are important risk factors for development of RHTN. The role of aldosterone has gained increasing recognition as a significant contributor to antihypertensive treatment resistance. In prospective studies, the prevalence of primary aldosteronism (PA) has ranged from 14%-21% in patients with RHTN, which is considerably higher than in the general hypertensive population. Furthermore, marked antihypertensive effects are seen when mineralocorticoid antagonists are added to the treatment regimen of patients with RHTN, further supporting aldosterone excess as an important cause of RHTN. A close association exists between hyperaldosteronism, RHTN, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) based upon recent studies which indicate that OSA is worsened by aldosterone-mediated fluid retention. This interaction is supported by preliminary data which demonstrates improvement in OSA severity after treatment with spironolactone.
The influence of total monomers concentration and polymerization solvent on the reactivity of ω-(p-vinylbenzyl ether) macromonomers of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide)

La reactivite du macromere vis-a-vis du methacrylate de methyle augmente avec sa concentration, l'augmentation etant plus forte pour un macromere de masse moleculaire elevee. Mise en evidence de la formation de micelles par les copolymeres greffes en solvant mixte. Interpretation des resultats sur la base du partage du monomere entre l'ensemble du solvant et le voisinage de la chaine
A pooled analysis of injection site-related adverse events in patients with schizophrenia treated with olanzapine long-acting injection.

Depot antipsychotic injections are an important tool for the management of patients with schizophrenia who have difficulty with adherence to oral medication. However, pain and discomfort at the injection site can be a potential impediment to the use of these long-acting formulations. We report here the results of a pooled analysis of injection site-related adverse events (AEs) collected during treatment with the olanzapine long-acting injection (olanzapine LAI). Unsolicited injection site-related AEs were pooled from 7 olanzapine LAI clinical trials conducted in patients between March 2001 and December 2010. All patients had a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) or Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and were between the ages of 18 and 75. Doses ranged from 45 to 405 mg olanzapine LAI, and injection intervals were 2, 3, or 4 weeks. Events were evaluated for severity, timing, possible risk factors, and outcome. A criterion of p < .05 for statistical significance was used for all tests. A total of 1752 patients received at least 1 olanzapine LAI injection. Of these, 92 patients (5.3%) reported at least 1 injection site-related AE, with “pain” being the most common type (2.9%). Most events were mild (81.4%) and the median duration was 3 days. Four patients (0.2%) discontinued due to injection site-related AEs. Dose volume and body mass index did not appear to affect the probability of injection site-related AEs. However, patients who experienced a post-injection delirium/sedation syndrome event (n = 37) were more likely to have or have had an injection site-related AE at some time during the study. Incidence of injection site-related AEs appeared to decrease over time. In 94.2% of the injection site-related AEs, no specific treatment or concomitant medication was reported; in 9 cases, patients received pharmacologic treatment for reaction, mass, abscess, rash, or pain. Injection site-related AEs with olanzapine LAI were generally mild. The incidence and nature of these injection site-related AEs were generally similar to those occurring during treatment with other injectable antipsychotics. ClinicalTrials.gov ID; URL: NCT00094640 , NCT00088478 , NCT00088491 , NCT00088465 , and NCT00320489 .
Person-matching by electronic methods

Record linkage in the updating of files is accomplished in many establishments through the use of a preassigned number, such as payroll number, customer number, or social security number. In vital and health records, however, a unique number is generally not preassigned to an individual for purposes of reporting services received to the health department. In order to determine whether different physician reports refer to the same individual, name and other identification must be compared. This is a laborious operation which is subject to various errors because of name misspellings, changes of name upon marriage, and other problems.We are interested in the maintenance of a psychiatric case register in Maryland, where many of the reports from over a hundred psychiatric agencies refer to the same patient. These records must be linked in order to provide unduplicated counts of individuals under care and longitudinal records of psychiatric history. An earlier paper [1] describes our general procedures for register maintenance by use of a digital computer (Honeywell 800). Here we present in more detail our initial procedures for the person-matching process in order to elicit comments and suggestions from persons who have had experience in matching.
Energy scaling of room temperature Fe2+:ZnSe gain-switched 4.3 μm laser

We report an optimization of Fe:ZnSe crystals fabrication, as well as a fourfold increase of the output energy of the gain-switched middle-infrared Fe:ZnSe laser pumped by the radiation of Q-switched Cr:Er:YSGG (2.8μm) laser. Lasing was studied over 236-300K temperature range. In Fabry-Perot cavity with 18% OC reflectivity the maximum output energy reached 4.7 mJ @ 4.3μm and 3.6 mJ @ 4.37μm at 236K and 300K, respectively and was limited only by available pump energy. Threshold was about 8 mJ and was practically unchanged over studied temperature range. The laser slope efficiencies decreased from 19% to 16 % with an increase of temperature from 236 to 300K.
Reconstruction of bilateral osteoradionecrosis of the mandible using a single fibular free flap.

INTRODUCTION Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the mandible is reported to occur in approximately 5% of the patients who undergo external beam radiation therapy for a head and neck malignancy. The management of ORN is based on the clinical stage at presentation and response to initial management. We utilized the Marx staging system and treatment algorithm to guide our decision making. In recent years, it has been our philosophy and that of others to perform a segmental mandibulectomy with an immediate reconstruction utilizing the transfer of vascularized bone for patients with Marx stage III disease. We feel that the placement of vascularized tissue into this unfavorable environment has greatly improved our outcomes in patients with advanced ORN.
Extant Panel Zone Design Procedures for Steel Frames Are Questioned

Abstract Current design procedures for steel special moment frames (SMF) promote panel zone yielding. Reliance on this yielding is likely to result in poor frame performance in spite of the fact that it has been demonstrated that panel zones can yield. Eight previously tested subassemblies are analyzed for compliance with current code design procedures. The observed behavior of these subassemblies is discussed and contrasted to behavior objectives of steel SMF's. Revised design procedures are proposed.
Social Spammer Detection with Sentiment Information

Social media is a popular platform for spammers to unfairly overwhelm normal users with unwanted or fake content via social networking. The spammers significantly hinder the use of social media systems for effective information dissemination and sharing. Different from the spammers in traditional platforms such as email and the Web, spammers in social media can easily connect with each other, sometimes without mutual consent. They collude with each other to imitate normal users by quickly accumulating a large number of "human" friends. In addition, content information in social media is noisy and unstructured. It is infeasible to directly apply traditional spammer detection methods in social media. Understanding and detecting deception has been extensively studied in traditional sociology and social sciences. Motivated by psychological findings in physical world, we investigate whether sentiment analysis can help spammer detection in online social media. In particular, we first conduct an exploratory study to analyze the sentiment differences between spammers and normal users, and then present an optimization formulation that incorporates sentiment information into a novel social spammer detection framework. Experimental results on real-world social media datasets show the superior performance of the proposed framework by harnessing sentiment analysis for social spammer detection.
A compact ADR controller for spaceflight applications

Adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators (ADRs) can provide very low temperatures (< 100 mK), making them an attractive option for cooling millimeter and submillimeter detectors. One drawback to their use has been the bulky electronic equipment that was often needed to operate them. In this paper, we present a compact, ADR controller that is designed for applications such as scientific ballooning and spaceflight where weight and reliability are primary concerns. The complete controller is contained on a 160 mm by 100 mm circuit card. A prototype has been tested with a single-stage ADR system. A minimum temperature of 180 mK was achieved and stable control was demonstrated with an RMS temperature noise of 4.4 uK and a 1/f knee of order 1 mHz. The dominant source of noise is digitization noise in the thermometer readout. Three cards on a backplane are currently being set up to control a three-stage ADR that is designed for continuous operation at 100 mK. Additionally, a lower noise control card is under development.
Wilsondisc: A Review

The Undergraduate Library (UGL) at the University of Michigan (UM) is charged primarily with providing library collections and services to support undergraduate library needs for the College of Literature, Science and the Arts. Undergraduate students from that college are the main users of the library, although the library is also used by other undergraduate students, as well as graduate students, faculty, and members of the community. In addition to the regular collection, the UGL provides a variety of computer‐related services to its users. It houses and administers a public‐access microcomputer center containing over 70 Zenith and Macintosh microcomputers, all of which are networked to the campus‐wide computer network, and a collection of over one hundred software titles. There are also a variety of computerized information tools in the library's collection. A public‐access GEAC circulation terminal has been in place for over a year; also available have been two InfoTrac terminals and a microcomputer d...
High-pressure gas scintillation counters☆

Abstract Two high-pressure gas scintillation counters are described, one of which has operated at a gas pressure of 170 atm. Properties of gas scintillators which were studied with these counters include the variation of pulse height with pressure and the linearity of pulse height with energy. For purified argon, purified neon, neon-xenon mixtures and helium-xenon mixtures the pulse height for Po α particles was observed to increase by almost a factor of two as the gas pressure was changed from 8 to 20 atm, then to remain approximately constant from 20 to 40 atm. From 40 to 170 atm the pulse height for a helium-xenon mixture decreased slightly as the gas pressure was increased. The pulse-height linearity for a filling of 42 atm helium and 8 atm xenon was investigated with T(p,n) neutrons. The pulse height corresponding to the maximum-energy helium recoils was found to be directly proportional to energy for the neutron-energy range 0.6 to 9.0 MeV.
Influence of intercellular space differences due to variety and storage upon tuber specific gravity-dry matter relationship

At each of two locations in two years, five varieties of potatoes were examined for specific gravity—intercellular space relationships. At harvest intercellular space differred consistently among varieties and decreased during two months' storage at 40 F. Changes in weight, volume, and intercellular space were used to explain that changes in tuber specific gravity may or may not reflect changes in dry matter content and that differences and changes in intercellular space are of sufficient magnitude to account for most of the discrepancies between recently published regressions of dry matter on specific gravity developed without correction for intercellular space. A coordinated study is proposed to establish the correctness of this postulation. Estimation of dry matter content of white potatoes from specific gravity determinations is a widely accepted practice. The accuracy of the estimation has been questioned because of the relatively large error of estimation (±1.5 to 2%) usually encountered (24), the wide divergence of regressions (1, 6, 15, 16, 18, 19, 23), and the frequency with which discrepancies have been noted between specific gravity and quality (14). Recent recommendations call for “Improved accuracy in the quick estimation of solids either by specific gravity or other means” and clarification of the “effect of temperature and period of storage on changes in ... specific gravity” (25). The tests reported here were undertaken to obtain corroborating evidence for the estimation of dry matter content of sweet potatoes from root specific gravity after correction for intercellular space (IS), (8, 12). Sweet potatoes, as well as several other commodities, contain relatively large amounts of IS (8, 11) but when this is accounted for, a reasonably consistent relationship exists that appears to be nearly identical to the regression for the specific gravity of sucrose solutions (8). The work with sweet potatoes showed that 1 ml of IS produced a buoyancy equivalent to the weight in water of 2.38 g of dry matter (12). Although white potatoes contain relatively small amounts of IS on the average, amounts of 1% (1ml/100ml) and more have been reported (2, 8, 15, 16). Nissen, in Denmark, reported that varieties differed in IS and that for greatest accuracy the IS should be accounted for (15, 16). Most workers in the United States, however, have ignored the influence of IS upon the accuracy of the methol of estimating dry matter content from tuber specific gravity, although several have speculated that IS contributed to variation in this relationship (1, 18). The tests reported here indicate that varieties may differ with reasonable consistency in IS at harvest in much the same manner as sweet potatoes (17), and that these differences and changes in IS during storage may be large enough to account for most of the discrepancies observed in the relationship between tuber specific gravity and dry matter content.
Atherosclerosis as a pediatric problem

Atherosclerosis, most frequently manifested as coronary heart disease, is the major health concern in the United States. This disease of adulthood has its origins in infancy and childhood. Genetically determined lipid abnormalities account for a distinct but small segment of highly susceptible persons. Early detection of such individuals and correction of their lipid defects would appear to be indicated in an effort to delay the atherosclerotic process. Other more common traits also having origins early in life are hypertension, acquired lipid defects, diabetes mellitus, obesity, the smoking habit, and a sedentary way of life. Attention by the pediatrician to the prevention and early treatment of these “defects” is urged.
Towards a privacy preserving policy based infrastructure for social data access to enable scientific research

In this paper, we present a policy based infrastructure for social data access with the goal of enabling scientific research, while preserving privacy. We describe motivating application scenarios that could be enabled with the growing number of user datasets such as social networks and medical datasets. These datasets contain sensitive user information and sufficient caution must be exercised while sharing them with third parties to prevent privacy leaks. One of the goals of our framework is to allow users to control how their data is used, while at the same time enable researchers to use the aggregate data for scientific research. We extend existing access control languages to explicitly model user intent in data sharing as well as supporting additional access modes viz. Complete Access, Abstract Access and Statistical Access that go beyond the traditional allow/deny binary semantics of access control. We then describe our policy infrastructure and show how it can be used to enable the above scenarios while still guaranteeing individual privacy. We then present our initial implementation of the framework extending the SecPAL authorization language to account for new roles and operations.
Effects of Ice Formation on the Flowfield of an Aircraft Engine Inlet

The effects of typical rime and glaze ice on the performance of the M2129 S-duct inlet are computationally investigated using the steady-state RANS solution. The glaze ice accretion produces a substantial degradation of the inlet performance due to its obstructive shape to the in-flow, while the effect of the rime ice is not significant. Compared to the clean inlet, the secondary flow region at the engine face of the duct inlet is increased by 600 percent for the glaze iced inlet. Total pressure recoveries at the engine face for the rime and glaze ice case are 98.8 and 95.8 percent, respectively. Also, the glaze ice causes 26 percent reduction in the mass flow rate at the engine face. In addition, the adverse effects on the performance of the inlet are enhanced by an increase in freestream Mach numbers due to the stronger and more extensive shock formations in the inlet flow. With increasing free stream Mach numbers from M∞ = 0.13 to 0.85, total pressure recovery decreases from 0.985 to 0.62 with the glaze ice accretion. And the level of the mass flow rate with the glaze ice accretion is 76 percent of that in ice-free condition at M∞ = 0.13; however, it decreases to 68 percent at M∞ = 0.475.Copyright © 2008 by ASME
Adaptive visual metamorphosis in a deep-sea hydrothermal vent crab

Hydrothermal vents along the mid-ocean ridges host ephemeral ecosystems of diverse endemic fauna including several crustacean species, some of which undergo planktonic development as larvae up to 1,000 m above and 100 km away from the vents. Little is known about the role of vision in the life history of vent fauna. Here we report that planktonic zoea larvae of the vent crab Bythograea thermydron possess image-forming compound eyes with a visual pigment sensitive to the blue light of mesopelagic waters. As they metamorphose and begin to descend to and settle at the vents, they lose their image-forming optics and develop high-sensitivity naked-retina eyes. The spectral absorbance of the visual pigment in these eyes shifts towards longer wavelengths from larva to postlarva to adult. This progressive visual metamorphosis trades imaging for increased sensitivity, and changes spectral sensitivity from the blue wavelengths of the larval environment towards the dim, longer wavelengths produced in the deeper bathypelagic vent environment of the adults. As hydrothermal vents produce light, vision may supplement thermal and chemical senses to orient postlarval settlement at vent sites.
The elusive connection between health care spending and quality.

ABSTRACT: Richard Cooper has shown a positive association between health care quality and “total spending” at the state level, but he does not appear to understand the limitations of this total spe...
Microfracture Surface Geochemistry and Adherent Microbial Population Metabolism in TCE-Contaminated Competent Bedrock

A TCE-contaminated competent bedrock site in Portsmouth, NH was used to determine if a relation existed between microfracture surface geochemistry and the ecology and metabolic activity of attached microbes relative to terminal electron accepting processes (TEAPs) and TCE biodegradation. The bedrock is a metasandstone and metashale of the Silurian Kittery Formation. Eleven microfractures (MF 01-11) were extracted from cores of competent rock from 2 boreholes (BBC5 and BBC6) at depths > 21.3 m below ground. The host rock had 3 nominal pore width sizes (131.1, 1.136, and 0.109 μ m), a porosity of 0.8%, and a permeability of < 1 μ d. Microfracture surface precipitates were polycrystalline with grain sizes ranging from 10 to 100 μ m. Petrography and XRD revealed that carbonates and quartz were the dominant microfracture surface precipitates. Mineral distribution was heterogeneous at the 10 μ m scale. Oxidized and reduced iron species were identified with XPS on the microfracture precipitate surfaces. Carbon f...
Reproducibility study of Placido-based corneal topography systems

We have developed a computer software program that analyzes the reproducibility of corneal topography systems. Using a Macintosh computer with Microsoft QuickBasic programming we created a program that records and analyzes the corneal power of 72,000 points per topography map (200 points over each one degree meridian) by linear interpolation of the Placido-based ring data. Reproducibility studies on 7 normal and 7 abnormal (pathological and postsurgical) corneas were performed with 2 Placido ring based topography systems with EyeSys Corneal Analysis System and the Humphrey MasterView system. Five exams were performed by two technicians each. The mean, range and standard deviation of corneal power was calculated for all points on a map, and represented pictorially for each patient. Statistical analysis of standard deviation at each point was used in assessing the reproducibility between systems and between technicians. The topographic maps of mean power range and standard deviation are presented for selected patients. The overall mean standard deviation of power and the means within concentric annular zones and quadrants are presented for each system and technician for both normal and abnormal cornea. Intraobserver variability of each system were not significantly different for both normal and abnormal corneas. There was no significant difference between technicians, nor were there regional differences in variability.standard deviation of power is presented for each system and technician comparing intersystem and intraobserver variability for both normal and abnormal corneas. A precise method of analyzing multiple variation of reproducibility in corneal topography is now available through a new proprietary software system.
Early vein graft failure leading to acute myocardial infarction, dehiscence and haemopericardium treated by percutaneous coil embolisation and balloon tamponade.

Early vein graft failure is a well-described early complication of coronary artery bypass grafting. Revascularisation with emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) may limit the extent of myocardial damage and is associated with lower procedural complications compared than with emergency redo bypass surgery. We describe a case of an early saphenous vein graft (SVG) thrombosis presenting as an inferior ST-elevation to our non-surgical PCI site, complicated by SVG graft dehiscence leading to cardiac tamponade, which we treated with coil embolisation and balloon tamponade during the patient9s transfer to a surgical facility for emergent haemopericardium evacuation.
Transport and fate of nitrate within soil units of glacial origin

Questions concerning the influence of soil type and crop cover on the fate and transport of nitrate (NO 3 − ) were examined. During a growing season, soils derived from glacial material underlying either corn or soybeans were sampled for levels of NO 3 − within the pore water. Measured levels of NO 3 − ranged from below detection limit to 14.9 g NO 3 − per kilogram of soil (g/kg). In fields with the same crop cover, the silty-clayey soil exhibited a greater decrease in NO 3 − levels with depth than the sandier soil. Crop uptake of NO 3 − occurs within the root zone; however, the type of crop cover did not have a direct impact on the fate or transport during the growing season. The soils underlying soybeans had an increase in NO 3 − levels following harvest, suggesting that the decomposition of the soybean roots contributed to the net gain of NO 3 − in the shallow soil. For all of the soil types, conditions below 100 cm are conducive for microbial denitrification, with both a high water saturation level (>60%) and moderate organic carbon content (1–2%). At depths below 100 cm, temporal differences in NO 3 − levels of over a magnitude, up to a 95% reduction, were recorded in the soil units as the growing season progressed. Physical properties that control the transport of NO 3 − or denitrification have a larger influence on NO 3 − levels than crop type.