cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
HIV-1 Nucleocapsid Protein Switches the Pathway of Transactivation Response Element RNA/DNA Annealing from Loop-Loop "Kissing" to "Zipper"

The chaperone activity of HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus type 1) nucleocapsid protein (NC) facilitates multiple nucleic acid rearrangements that are critical for reverse transcription of the single-stranded RNA genome into double-stranded DNA. Annealing of the transactivation response element (TAR) RNA hairpin to a complementary TAR DNA hairpin is an essential step in the minus-strand transfer step of reverse transcription. Previously, we used truncated 27-nt mini-TAR RNA and DNA constructs to investigate this annealing reaction pathway in the presence and in the absence of HIV-1 NC. In this work, full-length 59-nt TAR RNA and TAR DNA constructs were used to systematically study TAR hairpin annealing kinetics. In the absence of NC, full-length TAR hairpin annealing is approximately 10-fold slower than mini-TAR annealing. Similar to mini-TAR annealing, the reaction pathway for TAR in the absence of NC involves the fast formation of an unstable "kissing" loop intermediate, followed by a slower conversion to an extended duplex. NC facilitates the annealing of TAR by approximately 10(5)-fold by stabilizing the bimolecular intermediate ( approximately 10(4)-fold) and promoting the subsequent exchange reaction ( approximately 10-fold). In contrast to the mini-TAR annealing pathway, wherein NC-mediated annealing can initiate through both loop-loop kissing and a distinct "zipper" pathway involving nucleation at the 3'-/5'-terminal ends, full-length TAR hairpin annealing switches predominantly to the zipper pathway in the presence of saturated NC.
Antiasthmatic Drug Therapy and Calcium Ions: Review of Pathogenesis and Role of Calcium

This paper presents the calcium-dependent pathophysiological features of allergic and nonallergic asthma. Various theories concerning the role of free calcium ions in the pathogenesis of asthma are discussed.
Organization of the retinofugal fibers to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of Pteropus giganteus.

The projection of the retina to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus was studied following unilateral enucleations and intraocular injections of tritiated proline in the fruit bat, Pteropus giganteus. Three cell laminae (lamina 1, 2, 3) were identified in Nissl preparations. Input from the two eyes to the laminae was partially overlapping and segregated. At levels where the input was clearly segregated the input from the contralateral eye ended in the outer portions of the three laminae while the input to the laminae from the ipsilateral eye ended along the medial edge of the optic tract (lamina S) and the inner portions of the three laminae. These results indicate that the organization of the projection is similar to that described in other mammals, i.e., the terminals of input fibers from the retina form concealed terminal laminae and they are to some degree segregated to specific terminal zones within laminae.
Digraphs with real and gaussian spectra

Abstract The conventional binary operations of cartesian product, conjunction, and composition of two digraphs D1 and D2 are observed to give the sum, the product, and a more complicated combination of the spectra of D1 and D2 as the resulting spectrum. These formulas for analyzing the spectrum of a digraph are utilized to construct for any positive integer n, a collection of n nonisomorphic strong regular nonsymmetric digraphs with real spectra. Further, an infinite collection of strong nonsymmetric digraphs with nonzero gaussian integer value is found. Finally, for any n, it is shown that there are n cospectral strong nonsymmetric digraphs with integral spectra.
Workers' Movements in the United States Confront Imperialism: The Progressive Era Experience

In 1898, the American Federation of Labor feared that colonial expansion would militarize the republic and undermine the living standards of American workers. Subsequent expansion of industrial production and of trade union membership soon replaced the fear of imperial expansion with an eagerness to enlarge the domain of American unions internationally alongside that of American business. In both Puerto Rico and Canada important groups of workers joined AFL unions on their own initiative. In Mexico, where major U.S. investments shaped the economy, anarcho-syndicalists enjoyed strong support on both sides of the border, and the path to union growth was opened by revolution. Consequently the AFL forged links there with a labor movement very different from itself. Unions in Mexico became tightly linked to their new government, while World War I drove the AFL's leaders into close collaboration with their own. The Pan-American Federation of Labor was more a product of diplomatic maneuvering than of class solidarity.
Mutation analysis of the aggrecan gene in chickens with tibial dyschondroplasia

Abstract Expression studies suggest that the incidence and severity of tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) in chickens, Gallus gallus, may be affected by the aggrecan gene, AGC 1. Here, results are described of a scan for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in AGC1 in genetic lines divergently selected for TD incidence in chickens. A total of 3,048 bp of DNA sequence obtained from amplicons produced by 4 primer-pairs designed from the GenBank AGC1 cDNA sequence were scanned for SNP. Among the 18 SNP detected and validated, only 2 were nonsynonymous. Allelic frequency differences between TD-affected and nonaffected birds were not statistically significant for all the SNP. The current results do not support an association of Gallus gallusAGC1 variation at the DNA level with the incidence of TD in chickens. The genomic resources described, however, including the SNP, could be useful in further evaluating AGC1 in other populations for association with TD or other skeletal abnormalities.
A Floating-Body/Gate DRAM Cell Upgraded for Long Retention Time

A novel modification of our “2T” floating-body/gate DRAM cell is described and, via numerical simulations, shown to yield very long charge data retention times under worst-case conditions, as well as good memory performance (i.e., large signal margin and low operating power). Relatively low voltage operation is enabled, thereby implying good cell reliability as well.
The Care of the HPV-Negative Head and Neck Cancer Patient: Presentation, Prognosis, Treatment

Chaturvedi et al. [1] recently described the population-based estimated incidence of HPV-positive and HPV-negative OPC in the USA using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database [1]. From 1988 to 2004, HPV-positive OPC increased by 225 % (95 % CI 208 − 242 %; from 0.8 per 100,000 to 2.6 per 100,000), whereas the incidence of HPV-negative cancers declined by 50 % (95 % CI 47 − 53 %; from 2.0 per 100,000 to 1.0 per 100,000). The American Cancer Society estimated that 52,140 new cases of laryngeal, oral and pharyngeal cancers would occur in 2011 [2]. A limitation of these estimates is the difficulty in ascertaining the proportion of ‘oral cavity and pharynx cancers’ that are OPCs per se.
A low-cost precision electrode impedance meter.

A circuit is described which measures applied electrode impedances using a 7 P.A RMS, 10 Hz sine wave current, and displays the reading in ohms on a small analog meter. The design uses a minimum of parts and power, drawing only 2mA from a 9 volt battery, yet is accurate lo within 2% and can easily be modified to fit a wide range of frequencies.
Challenges to the theory of solar convection

Turbulent convection carries most of the solar luminosity from the stable radiative interior to the visible surface over a substantial fraction of the solar radius. The turbulent motions are highly nonlinear displaying activity on several spatial and temporal scales. The effects of these motions are to redistribute angular momentum, mix light elements, excite gravity waves and power magnetic activity. In this talk, I shall review some of the recent efforts, mostly based on numerical simulations, to model turbulent convection spanning multiple scale heights. I will discuss what we have learnt about the nature of convective transport, and what the relevant timescales are on which convection operates.
Complementary and alternative therapy use in gynecologic oncology: implications for clinical practice.

Complementary and alternative medical (CAM) practices are those healthcare practices that are not currently an integral part of conventional medicine, but many of these approaches are being integrated into comprehensive cancer care. The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) has grouped CAM into five major domains: alternative medical systems such as traditional oriental medicine and homeopathy; mind‐ body interventions including meditation, prayer, and mental healing; biologically based treatments such as melatonin, herbs, shark cartilage, and high-dose vitamins; manipulative and body-based methods including chiropractic manipulation, massage, and other hands-on techniques; and energy therapies of which therapeutic touch, Reiki, and Qi gong are a few [1]. By some estimates, use of CAM in the general population rose from 34% in 1990 to 42% in 1995, and visits to CAM practitioners jumped from 427 million to 629 million visits [2, 3]. Cancer patients commonly use CAM to prevent, palliate, and treat their disease. Prevalence of use has been documented at 69% in outpatients in a comprehensive cancer center in the South [4], 50% in a multiethnic population of breast cancer patients in the San Francisco Bay area [5], and 63% among participants in intramural clinical trials at NIH [6]. Furthermore, 55% of colorectal cancer survivors reported using vitamins, minerals, or nutritional supplements while participating in a chemoprevention trial [7]. Many patients seek spiritual support and other CAM approaches after diagnosis to improve survival, quality of life, symptoms, and side effects related to conventional cancer treatment. Although CAM use has been associated with greater personal distress in breast cancer patients [8], it has been associated with more active coping in other cancer populations [9]. Overall, cancer patients who use CAM tend to be younger, more educated, in higher income brackets, women, and treated with chemotherapy. Although CAM is believed to be important for women with gynecologic cancer [10], little is known about the prevalence of and reasons for use of CAM in this population. In one published study of 161 gynecologic outpatients in a Midwest clinic, 66% used CAM [11]. Most women believed that CAM was beneficial and spent an average of $711 on these therapies. Prayer was the most widely used (40%) as were green tea (17%), nutritional supplements (17%), exercise (16%), and garlic (16%). Of the 69 women in active cancer treatment, use was slightly lower (58%) and expenditures higher ($1178). A
Character Evolution in Hydrozoa (phylum Cnidaria)

The diversity of hydrozoan life cycles, as manifested in the wide range of polyp, colony, and medusa morphologies, has been appreciated for centuries. Unraveling the complex history of characters involved in this diversity is critical for understanding the processes driving hydrozoan evolution. In this study, we use a phylogenetic approach to investigate the evolution of morphological characters in Hydrozoa. A molecular phylogeny is reconstructed using ribosomal DNA sequence data. Several characters involving polyp, colony, and medusa morphology are coded in the terminal taxa. These characters are mapped onto the phylogeny and then the ancestral character states are reconstructed. This study confirms the complex evolutionary history of hydrozoan morphological characters. Many of the characters involving polyp, colony, and medusa morphology appear as synapomorphies for major hydrozoan clades, yet homoplasy is commonplace.
Potential Radioprotective Agents. 1. Homologs of Melatonin

Homologs of melatonin were prepared by acylation of 5-methoxytryptamine with the appropriate acid chloride or anhydride. The products were administered as solutions or suspensions in soybean oil by ip injection to mice 30 min prior to irradiation with 950 cGy of 6 mV photons. Protection was achieved with all compounds, survival rate being maximal for mice treated with the hexanoic amide 5 and the octanoic amide 6.
Thermal characteristics of buried resistors

Finite-element modeling and experiments using an infrared camera were carried out to determine the temperature distribution and hence the power rating of buried resistors. The length-to-width ratio of the buried resistors considered ranged from 1 to 5 while their areas ranged from 0.3 to 20 mm/sup 2/. The power applied to the buried resistor was from about 10 to 500 mW. The results showed that the temperature of the buried resistor increases almost linearly with applied power. The effect of length-to-width ratios is relatively small. The temperature of the buried resistors drops significantly in the presence of copper layers; however, the effect of adding more than one layer of copper is relatively small. An equation for determining the power rating of the resistors based on their area is suggested. >
Complicated Urinary Tract Infection in a Diabetic Woman

A 46-year-old woman with a medical history notable for poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, stroke, morbid obesity, and gastric stapling surgery presented to the hospital with a 6-day history of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and fever. During the 24 h before presentation, she developed chills and confusion. At presentation in the emergency department, the patient was febrile (temperature, <38.9?C), with blood pressure of 115/ 67 mm Hg, pulse of 110 beats/min, respiratory rate of 40 breaths/min, and normal room-air oxygen saturation. At physical examination, the patient was noted to be lethargic; her abdomen had decreased bowel sounds and was exquisitely tender in the left-upper and lower quadrants, with mild guarding and no rebound. The findings of a pelvic examination were unremarkable. Laboratory studies revealed the following values: WBC count, 12.8 cells/mm3, with 46% bands; serum glucose, 662 mg/dL; blood urea nitrogen, 67 mg/dL; and creatinine, 4.8 mg/dL (previous baseline value was in the normal range). Uri-
Transient analysis of p-n-p-n optoelectronic devices

p-n-p-n optoelectronic devices were analyzed using a coupled junction model, an equivalent circuit model, and a physical model. The accuracy of these models was confirmed by comparison with experimental data. The result of the authors' analysis was a new understanding of the dynamic properties of p-n-p-n devices. The authors found that the onset of switching depends only on the voltage across the forward-biased outer junctions, not on the total applied bias. Turn-on delay is dependent on the rate of voltage change across the outer junctions and the efficiency of the laser emitter. Fast turn-off of two-terminal devices is theoretically possible by applying a reverse bias during the turn-off transient. dV/dt induced switching can be avoided by proper design. Based on the authors' models, the maximum large-signal operating frequency of two-terminal p-n-p-n devices was estimated to be approximately 240 MHz. >
From ecology to base pairs: nursing and genetic science

With the mapping of the human genome has come the opportunity for nursing research to explore topics of concern to the maintenance, restoration, and attainment of genetic-related health. Initially, nursing research on genetic topics originated primarily from physical anthropology and from a clinical, disease-focused perspective. Nursing research subsequently focused on psychosocial aspects of genetic conditions for individuals and their family members. As findings emerge from current human genome discovery, new programs of genetic nursing research are originating from a biobehavioral interface, ranging from the investigations of the influence of specific molecular changes on gene function to social/ethical issues of human health and disease. These initiatives reflect nursing's response to discoveries of gene mutations related to phenotypic expression in both clinical and community-based populations. Genetic research programs are needed that integrate or adapt theoretical and methodological advances in epidemiology, family systems, anthropology, and ethics with those from nursing. Research programs must address not only populations with a specific disease but also community-based genetic health care issues. As genetic health care practice evolves, so will opportunities for research by nurses who can apply genetic concepts and interventions to improve the health of the public. This article presents an analysis of the evolution of genetic nursing research and challengesfor the future.
Robotics for Pelvic Floor Disorders: Rectopexy and Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Various surgical options exist for patients with pelvic organ prolapse. Conventionally, open procedures have been performed laparoscopically with similar results and fewer morbidity. However, widespread use of laparoscopy to treat rectal and vaginal vault prolapse has been limited by the technical challenges of performing these surgeries with a minimally invasive approach. Robotic surgery allows for improved visualization and ergonomics, enabling the surgeon to perform complicated procedures more easily. Robotically assisted laparoscopic rectopexies and sacrocolpopexies have been shown to have excellent results but they increase operative time and cost. Further investigation is needed to demonstrate clear advantages to using this approach over conventional laparoscopy.
A REDUCED ORDER EIGENMODEL FOR AN AEROELASTIC AIRFOIL

The design of controllers for active flutter suppression and other aeroservoelastic applications has always been extremely difficult due to the complexity and sheer size of the nonlinear computational models necessary to determine system behavior. We present a method for developing a modal based reduced order model of the aeroelastic system directly from the full nonlinear numerical model by utilizing several advanced computational tools. This method first creates a linearized model using the flux function and geometry information from the nonlinear CFD model, and then utilizes an implicitly restarted Arnoldi method to compute the first few eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the coupled aeroelastic system. Results are presented for a 2-D NAG AGO 12 airfoil in an in viscid Euler flow with 50,000 DOF.
Micro-electro-mechanical system-based digitally controlled optical beam profiler.

An optical beam profiler is introduced that uses a two-dimensional (2-D) small-tilt micromirror device. Its key features include fast speed, digital control, low polarization sensitivity, and wavelength independence. The use of this 2-D multipixel device opens up the important possibility of realizing several beam profile measurement concepts, such as a moving knife edge, a scanning slit, a moving pinhole, a variable aperture, and a 2-D photodiode array. The experimental proof of the optical beam profiler concept using a 2-D digital micromirror device to simulate the 2-D moving knife edge indicates a small measurement error of 0.19% compared with the expected number based on a Gaussian beam-propagation analysis. Other 2-D pixel arrays such as a liquid-crystal-based 90° polarization rotator sandwiched between crossed polarizers can also be exploited for the optical beam whose polarization direction is known.
Three-Dimensional Based Trust Management Scheme for Virus Control in P2P Networks

Peer-to-peer (P2P) networking is widely used to exchange, contribute, or obtain files from any participating user. In these networks, worms, viruses and intruding files find an open door to the downloading host, creating a convenient environment for successful proliferation throughout the network. Trust management is a promising proactive mechanism to prevent virus dissemination. Current trust models use peer reputation for this purpose. However, when viruses have infectious properties, peer reputation may not be enough to limit their proliferation. In this paper, we show that peer reputation alone cannot bound epidemics in an infectious environment. Therefore, this paper introduces a trust management scheme that uses the combination of trust values of peers and infection values of both peers and content. Moreover, to improve the efficiency on the calculation of trust values of ratio-based normalization models, we propose a model for trust value calculation using a three dimensional (3D) normalization to represent peer activity with high accuracy. We show that the proposed trust management scheme can bound virus proliferation to a small number of peers, without inhibiting file-downloading activity.
Effect of Autonomic Blocking Agents on Sweat Secretion in Cat

SummaryThe effect of autonomic blocking agents on sweat gland response to single shock excitation of the sympathetic chain was studied in cats by a quantitative and objective method. Dibenamine, an adrenolytic and sympatholytic agent, failed to block sweat secretion whereas atropine consistently produced complete and irreversible sudomotor paralysis. It is concluded that the sudomotor innervation in cat is entirely cholinergic and possesses no adrenergic component, as reported in man.
New pediatric vision screener employing polarization-modulated, retinal-birefringence-scanning-based strabismus detection and bull's eye focus detection with an improved target system: opto-mechanical design and operation.

Amblyopia (“lazy eye”) is a major public health problem, caused by misalignment of the eyes (strabismus) or defocus. If detected early in childhood, there is an excellent response to therapy, yet most children are detected too late to be treated effectively. Commercially available vision screening devices that test for amblyopia’s primary causes can detect strabismus only indirectly and inaccurately via assessment of the positions of external light reflections from the cornea, but they cannot detect the anatomical feature of the eyes where fixation actually occurs (the fovea). Our laboratory has been developing technology to detect true foveal fixation, by exploiting the birefringence of the uniquely arranged Henle fibers delineating the fovea using retinal birefringence scanning (RBS), and we recently described a polarization-modulated approach to RBS that enables entirely direct and reliable detection of true foveal fixation, with greatly enhanced signal-to-noise ratio and essentially independent of corneal birefringence (a confounding variable with all polarization-sensitive ophthalmic technology). Here, we describe the design and operation of a new pediatric vision screener that employs polarization-modulated, RBS-based strabismus detection and bull’s eye focus detection with an improved target system, and demonstrate the feasibility of this new approach.
Gender Differences in Spirituality in Persons in Alcohol and Drug Dependence Treatment

Although research has begun to broadly address gender differences in alcohol and drug dependence, there is a dearth of research on gender differences in spirituality in this area, despite the increased research emphasis on the role of spirituality in the recovery process. This study addressed this gap by examining gender differences in five dimensions of spirituality in persons in diverse alcohol and drug dependence treatment settings. The hypothesis that there would be gender differences in spirituality was supported as women had higher levels of expression of cognitive orientation toward spirituality compared to men. Implications for alcohol and drug dependence treatment and research are discussed.
Laparo‐uterotomy in Squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus)

A laparo-uterotomy technique is described in the Squirrel monkey for obtaining endometrium for electron microscopic studies which has proved successful in our hands. Sernylan used in combination with Nembutal has proved a very effective and safe anaesthetic with no apparent ill effect after repeated administration. Resume. On decrit une technique d'uterotomie apres laparotomie chez le sagouin; elle nous a donne des resultats satisfaisants et a permis de prelever l'endometre pour des etudes au microscope electronique. Le Sernylan associe au Nembutal s'est avere comme anesthesique tres eficace et inoffensif, sans aucun effet secondaire adverse, meme apres administration repetee. Zusammenfassung. Eine Laparouterotomiemethode beim Rollaffen zum Erlangen von Endometrium fur elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen, die sich bei uns als erfolgreich erwjes, wird beschrieben. Kombiniert mit Nembutal angewendetes Sernylan erwies sich als ein sehr wirksames und sicheres Anacstheticum ohne bemerkbare Nebenwirkung nach wiederholter Anwendung.
PADPIN: protein-protein interaction networks of angiogenesis, arteriogenesis, and inflammation in peripheral arterial disease.

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) results from an obstruction of blood flow in the arteries other than the heart, most commonly the arteries that supply the legs. The complexity of the known signal...
Strategic Onboarding of Online Doctoral Students: Creating a Pathway to Academic Persistence

An onboarding strategy can help online universities improve new doctoral student productivity, engagement, and retention. A prescribed plan is vital to ensure the onboarding process is aligned, and clear designed support is provided for students. Recent literature justifies strategic onboarding includes acquiring the necessary knowledge, skills and behaviors to become successful members of an organization (Beaver and Erdogan, 2011). Similarly, doctoral students may benefit from clearly designed rules, protocols, and practices exclusive to the online doctoral experience. This study presents the process of strategic onboarding strategies for that will provide a smart start for online doctoral students.
Terrestrial Growth in Northern Leopard Frogs Reared in the Presence or Absence of Predators and Exposed to the Amphibian Chytrid Fungus at Metamorphosis

Abstract Pathogens can have a range of effects on organisms across environmental gradients; although lethal effects may receive greater attention, sublethal impacts can have important population- and community-level impacts. In this laboratory study, we examined the effects of exposure to the amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis [Bd]) on Northern Leopard Frog (Lithobates pipiens) metamorphs that had been reared in the presence or absence of crayfish (Orconectes rusticus) predators in aquatic environments to determine whether prior predator exposure influenced the effect of Bd on terrestrial growth and survival of frogs. Although Bd exposure following metamorphosis did not impact Northern Leopard Frog survival, exposure did significantly reduce terrestrial growth, indicating that Bd exposure can have consequences that can indirectly impact populations, because size of amphibians is positively correlated with overwinter survival and fecundity. Exposure to predators during larval developm...
Preface to: in Rethinking Sustainability to Meet the Climate Change Challenge

In 2011, a handful of young environmental law professors strategized on ways to bring together academics to share their research and collaborate on important environmental issues of the day. The vision led to the founding of the Environmental Law Collaborative (ELC). Inspired by early conferences at Airlie House, the group created a forum to bring together our fellow researchers to discuss and make progress on pressing environmental concerns. The Environmental Law Collaborative facilitates dialog among thought leaders on sustainable policy priorities, practical implementation strategies, assessment mechanisms, and cooperative analysis of science, economics, and ethics. This preface launches the ideas that emerged from the first gathering of the ELC. The group convened in Chester, Connecticut in the summer of 2012 to consider the meaning of sustainability in response to climate change. The resulting papers reflect the kind of thoughtful and sophisticated thinking that is needed to accelerate the transition to sustainability in the face of a changing climate. The chapters demonstrate that sustainability provides a creative space within which to develop ideas and proposals to further social, economic, and environmental goals at the same time. Many propose new or modified laws and policies. All of them contribute to a constructive and helpful discussion about how to address what is easily one of the most difficult and important questions facing the planet.
Equilibrium analysis of political institutions

At their most political, institutions determine who holds power and how power is exercised. Political institutions thus shape the influence and behavior of their participants and, for that very reason, their adoption and design are the subject of political struggle. Formal political theory – the application of game theoretic methods to political phenomena – develops this basic insight. Game-theoretically inspired arguments explain the emergence and persistence of political institutions as the equilibrium outcome of strategic interaction among actors who strive to anticipate the implications of the institutional status quo and its conceivable alternatives for both their own and others’ welfare.
Modeling, Simulation, and Optimization of Postcombustion CO2 Capture for Variable Feed Concentration and Flow Rate. 1. Chemical Absorption and Membrane Processes

Studies on leading technologies for industrial CO2 capture are performed. Each technology includes flue gas dehydration, capture of at least 90% of CO2 from the feed, and compression to almost pure CO2 for sequestration at 150 bar. This paper presents the modeling, simulation, optimization, and energy integration of a monoethanolamine (MEA)-based chemical absorption process and a multistage membrane process over a range of feed compositions (1–70% CO2, 5.5–15% H2O, 5.5% O2, and the balance N2) and flow rates (0.1, 1, 5, and 10 kmol/s). A superstructure of process alternatives is developed to select the optimum dehydration strategy for the feed to each process. A rigorous simulation-based optimization model is proposed to determine the minimum annualized cost of the MEA-absorption process. The MEA-absorption process is energy integrated through heat exchanger network optimization. A novel mathematical model is developed for the optimization of multistage and multicomponent separation of CO2 using membranes...
Paracrine Regulation of Apoptosis by Steroid Hormones in the Male and Female Reproductive System

In males, androgens are essential in maintaining the integrity of the prostate. Androgen-ablation induces apoptosis of the prostatic epithelium. In females, ovariectomy induces apoptosis in uterine epithelium while progesterone inhibits this process. The objective of this study was to determine whether androgen and progesterone inhibit apoptosis, respectively, in mouse prostatic and uterine epithelia via steroid receptors in the epithelium or in the stroma. To address this question, prostatic tissue recombinants were prepared with rat urogenital sinus mesenchyme plus bladder epithelium from wild-type or testicular feminization mutant (Tfm) mice. Thus, prostatic tissue was generated having androgen receptor (AR) in both epithelium and stroma or in the stroma only. Castration of hosts induced apoptosis in the AR-negative Tfm prostatic epithelium with an epithelial apoptotic index virtually identical to prostatic tissue recombinants containing wild-type epithelium. Moreover, this castration-induced prostatic epithelial apoptosis was blocked by testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in both wild-type and Tfm prostatic tissue recombinants. Likewise, uterine tissue recombinants were prepared in which epithelium and/or stroma was devoid of progesterone receptor (PR) by using uterine epithelium and stroma of wild-type and PR knockout mice. Progesterone inhibited uterine epithelial apoptosis only in tissue recombinants prepared with PR-positive stroma. The PR status of the epithelium did not affect epithelial apoptotic index. Therefore, the apoptosis in prostatic and uterine epithelia is regulated by androgen and progesterone via stromal AR and PR, respectively. In both cases, epithelial AR or PR is not required for hormonal regulation of epithelial apoptosis in prostatic and uterine epithelium.
Microbial Control of the Grape Leaffolder with Different Formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis

The effectiveness of three commercial preparations of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner was compared with the standard insecticide carbaryl for control of Desmia funeralis (Hubner). Both spray and dust treatments of all 3 preparations of B. thuringiensis obtained good control. The chemicals tested included Biotrol® XK, wettable; Dipel®, wettable; Thuricide® HPC, aqueous concentrate; carbaryl 50, wettable; Dipel, 2% dust; Thuricide 150M, dust; and carbaryl, 10% dust.
Electrostatic Effect on the Solution Structure and Dynamics of PEDOT:PSS

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) is a material consisting of two oppositely charged polymers and is available as aqueous dispersions. Various annealing and doping methods dramatically enhance PEDOT:PSS conductivity, rendering it competitive with inorganic conductors like indium tin oxide. Yet a comprehensive understanding of PEDOT:PSS conductivity enhancement remains elusive. To unravel the chief physical interactions at play, we explore aspects of solution-state PEDOT:PSS through light scattering, X-ray scattering, rheological measurement, and the construction of a partial phase diagram. We show these features in neat water and with the addition of several conductivity enhancement agents: dimethyl sulfoxide, ethylene glycol, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, or sodium chloride. We find that PEDOT:PSS solutions exist as a dispersion of charged, many-chain microgels with structural features and dynamics strongly influenced by electrostatic interactions. T...
Consultee-Centered Consultation: Contemporary Perspectives and a Framework for the Future

ABSTRACTConsultee-centered consultation (CCC) is a familiar, but historically understudied, model of consultation. This Special Issue of the Journal of Educational and Psychological Consultation summarizes, supplements, and updates the CCC research base; considers the role of CCC in contemporary school and community settings; and calls for and helps guide future CCC research and practice. This introduction to the Special Issue begins with a definition of CCC, individuates the model from its historical roots in mental health consultation, and provides a timeline of significant events in the evolution of the CCC model. Next, each article in the Special Issue is previewed in order to highlight unique contributions made to the CCC literature. Collectively, these articles provide a summary of the current state of CCC, multicultural frameworks for CCC training and practice, and multiple directions for future research.
PRKCE gene encoding protein kinase C-epsilon-Dual roles at sarcomeres and mitochondria in cardiomyocytes.

Protein kinase C-epsilon (PKCe) is an isoform of a large PKC family of enzymes that has a variety of functions in different cell types. Here we discuss two major roles of PKCe in cardiac muscle cells; specifically, its role in regulating cardiac muscle contraction via targeting the sarcomeric proteins, as well as modulating cardiac cell energy production and metabolism by targeting cardiac mitochondria. The importance of PKCe action is described within the context of intracellular localization, as substrate selectivity and specificity is achieved through spatiotemporal targeting of PKCe. Accordingly, the role of PKCe in regulating myocardial function in physiological and pathological states has been documented in both cardioprotection and cardiac hypertrophy.
A Theory of Sharing Decision-Making in Mediation

II. THE VAGUENESS OF CODES OF CONDUCT ON DECISION-MAKING IN MEDIATION 926 A. The Model Standards of Conduct for Mediators: Adopting a Process/Content Approach to Decision-Making? 927 B. Florida Rules for Certified and Court-Appointed Mediators: Adopting a Substantive/Non-Substantive Approach to DecisionMaking 929 C. California Rules of Conduct for Mediators in Court-Connected Mediation Programs for Civil Cases: Ignoring the Problem of Decision-Making Allocation 930
ANALYSIS OF A HYBRID LIQUID DESICCANT COOLING SYSTEM

ABSTRACT A simulation model of the hybrid-liquid open cycle desiccant system at the Science Museum of Virginia was developed. This model includes all components of the liquid desiccant cycle and important components of the conventional HVAC system. Parametric studies were performed with the model to identify the sensitivity of the overall performance to changes in operating conditions and to investigate the potential of solar energy providing the heat required for desiccant regeneration.
Abstract 4840: The role of the metal scaffold in the development of cytotoxic metal complexes

Multiple cytotoxic metal compounds are known, but structure activity relationships can be difficult to determine in these complex molecules. It is tempting to generalize the activity or off-target effects of the compounds to being related to the identity of the metal, or alternatively, to some specific “active” ligand features, but this is a misleading oversimplification that can slow the development of new therapeutics. In this presentation a systematic study of the impact of the metal center, one specific “active” ligand, and the inactive “coligands” that create the metal scaffold will be presented. There is clear evidence that each component plays a role in both desired and potentially deleterious off-target activities, providing the opportunity to adjust each of these three components independently to generate optimized potential anti-cancer agents. Citation Format: Edith C. Glazer. The role of the metal scaffold in the development of cytotoxic metal complexes. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 4840.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Epilepsy

This review discusses the utilization of MR spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging for epilepsy from a clinical localization and research perspective. As a relatively common neurological problem that affects the entire age range, the understanding and management of epilepsy has benefited substantially from the recent past improvements in anatomical MRI quality and resolution. With multiple facets of epilepsy dysfunction identified metabolically and neurophysiologically, the sensitivity of metabolic and functional MR imaging to such processes suggest that continued MR development can be important as well. Metabolically and spectroscopically, much of the challenge for the most common type of clinical epilepsy (localization related) is the sizable interpatient variability for both location of abnormality and severity of injury as well as the need to adequately evaluate the neocortical ribbon. These factors combine to place emphasis on developments at high field for SNR and voxel size, acceleration, and adequate lipid suppression. From a basic science perspective, substantial work has shown that metabolic and cellular changes are well detected by MRS early and late in the process of epileptogenesis, consistent with major shifts in neuronal and astrocytic processes. Thus, the role of MR spectroscopy has much room to progress for clinical and research applications in epilepsy.
A pilot feasibility study of virtual patient simulation to enhance social work students' brief mental health assessment skills

This study presents preliminary feasibility and acceptability data on the use of virtual patient (VP) simulations to develop brief assessment skills within an interdisciplinary care setting. Results support the acceptability of technology-enhanced simulations and offer preliminary evidence for an association between engagement in VP practice simulations and improvements in diagnostic accuracy and clinical interviewing skills. Recommendations and next steps for research on technology-enhanced simulations within social work are discussed.
HETERONOMY AND SPURIOUS PRINCIPLES OF MORALITY IN KANT'S GROUNDWORK

L'A. etudie ce qu'elle appelle l'exigence d'inevitabilite et le fondationnalisme pratique chez Kant qui permettent au philosophe de rejetter tous les principes pratiques heteronomiques comme faux, dans l'argument du principe supreme de la moralite developpe dans les «Fondements de la metaphysique des moeurs»
A deterministic approach to the spatial origin of semiconductor device current noise for semiclassical transport

Performance of an electronic system can be greatly limited by its internal noise and can be employed as a measure to characterize the effectiveness of such systems. As a result, it is important to investigate electronic noise in semiconductor devices. Electronic noise is due to random events that take place inside electrical devices and the theoretical interpretation of these stochastic events is very important in order to accurately match a noise model to the observed results in experimental studies [1].
The broadband green's funtion applied to band diagram simulation of 2D perodic noncircular dielectric scatterers

We applied the BroadBand Green's Function with Low wavenumber extraction (BBGFL) to calculate band diagrams of periodic structures with non-circular dielectric scatterers. A low wavenumber component is subtracted out from the periodic Green's function to obtain the broadband periodic Green's function with fast convergence. The broadband Green's functions of both the background and the scatterer are applied to the surface integral equations of the dielectric periodic structures in two dimensions (2D). Method of moments (MoM) is used to discretize the surface integral equations, which makes the approach applicable to arbitrary geometries of the scatterer. The resulting matrix equations are converted into a linear eigenvalue problem where the impedance matrix is independent of wavenumber so that the eigenvector and eigenvalues can be obtained all at once. The eigenvectors are next used to calculate the modal field distributions over the entire periodic lattice. The band diagram close to the Gamma point in the Brillouin zone are related to the low frequency dispersion relations. Results are illustrated for periodic air voids of elliptical cross sections with triangular lattices on a dielectric host medium.
Androgen Treatment Mitigates Hematopoietic Cell Telomere Attrition In Vivo

Abstract Abstract 516 We have previously shown that sex hormones up-regulate telomerase gene expression and telomerase activity in cultured human peripheral blood leukocytes and bone marrow (BM) CD34 cells (Calado et al. Blood 2009). In the current study, we tested the effects of androgens in the preservation of telomeres in vivo using mouse models. We first confirmed that mouse BM cells in vitro responded to 2–5mM testosterone, a primary androgen, with a 1.3–3.8 fold increase (P To directly test androgen effect on telomere repair, we injected testosterone (350 micrograms/mouse/week) or corn oil into B6, Terc+/− and Terc−/− mice; there was no testosterone effect on telomere length in either B6 or Terc−/− mice at steady state after six months of treatment. In Terc+/− mice, however, testosterone treatment produced gain of telomere length relative to corn oil controls at four (1.94 ± 1.18 vs 0.49 ± 1.32 Kbs, P Fig 1 A). Second, we used a chemical stress model in which Terc+/− mice received three monthly intraperitoneal injections of 5-fluorouracil at 100 micrograms/gram of body weight; animals were divided into testosterone or corn oil treatment groups. At four months, testosterone treatment resulted in gain of telomere length (1.39 ± 0.60, 0.73 ± 0.50, 1.51 ± 0.62 and 0.97 ± 0.54 Kbs) while telomere attrition occurred in corn oil control animals (−0.03 ± 0.68, −0.93 ± 0.58, −0.37 ± 0.60 and 0.11 ± 0.62 Kbs; Fig 1 B), showing a significant overall testosterone effect (P Fig 1 C). When the same repeated irradiation protocol was applied to a small group of old Terc+/− mice at 21–26 months of age, telomere attrition was apparent in corn oil control animals at two to four months (−1.50 ± 1.17, −2.68 ± 0.62 and −1.75 ± 1.27 Kbs) but testosterone prevented telomere loss (1.27 ± 0.83, 0.20 ± 0.44 and1.21 ± 1.04 Kbs; P Fig 1 D). We conclude that androgens are relatively inactive under normal, steady state conditions, but testosterone at pharmacologic doses can protect telomeres under conditions associated with hematopoietic stress. One implication of these results is the potential utility of sex hormone replacement or pharmacologic administration in patients at risk of secondary hematologic malignancies after chemo- and radiation therapies. Download : Download high-res image (45KB) Download : Download full-size image Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
‘Nothing must be changed’: Rush Hawkins’ lost memorial museum

ABSTRACTIn the last years of his life, eccentric art collector and New York politician Rush Hawkins laboured over the creation of a memorial museum to honour his late wife, a descendant of the Brown family of Rhode Island, and house the collection of art and incunabula that he spent a lifetime acquiring. Hawkins created an eclectic museum organised according to his personal collecting, with the graves of his wife and himself intended to anchor the collection in perpetuity. After his death, the Memorial became an out-dated relic of the past, poorly funded and without effective leadership. Absorbed by Brown University in the 1940s, parts of the Memorial’s collections have been dispersed to other university units and the building adapted for other uses.
P105 Modulating inter-hemispheric coherence to influence behavior – A TMS-EEG study

Inter-hemispheric coherence (IHC) is one of the EEG parameters that measures synchronization of oscillations originating from brain regions of different hemispheres and thereby the functional connectivity between them. We know that IHC is critical for tasks such as midline object recognition that involves merging information obtained from the 2 hemispheres. In a previous study, it was observed that midline object recognition is associated with transient increase in IHC over temporo-parietal areas in the alpha frequency range (Mima et al., 2001). Whether this association is causal, remains unknown. In the current study we aimed at determining the causal association of inter-hemispheric alpha coherence to midline object recognition. Several studies have used TMS as an effective tool to entrain intrinsic brain oscillations. We interfered with the IHC by using unilateral or bilateral, synchronous or asynchronous repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) pulses. Our hypothesis was that asynchronous rTMS would reduce IHC thereby impairing midline object recognition. We recruited 13 healthy subjects for the study. All subjects first participated in a screening session where the threshold intensity for blocking object recognition and the optimal coil orientation for TMS was determined. In the main experiment session, they were asked to perform the object recognition task in four blocks. During the first block, the individual alpha coherence frequency was determined by recording EEG during object recognition. During the second, third and fourth blocks rTMS was delivered in every trial with simultaneous EEG recording. Trains of 7 TMS pulses were administered over left and/or right lateral occipital gyrus at 80% of threshold intensity blocking object discrimination or 60% maximum stimulator output whichever was smaller. Our primary outcome measure for the object recognition task was d-prime or sensitivity index. Our results have not shown a significant effect of rTMS on object recognition. The EEG data is currently being analyzed to look for entrainment effects. We think that this absence of effect on behavior could be due to a ceiling effect in task performance, wrong stimulation site or sub-optimal stimulation paradigm. We are currently performing additional experiments to address the above issues.