cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Unusual Larva and Habitat of Agabus confusus (Dytiscidae)

Larvae of Agabus confusus (Blatchley 1910) = A. amplus Fall 1922 are described. They were identified by being reared to the adult, and differed markedly from known Nearctic Agabus larvae in the lack of temporal spines on the head and the presence of numerous secondary setae on the cerci. Larvae were collected from grassy bank vegetation in rapidly flowing water of a small, clean, cold stream in southern Wisconsin.
Gene Polymorphisms of Interleukin-12B+1188A/C and Susceptibility of Coal Worker’s Pneumoconiosis in Han Ethnic Group in Ningxia Area

[Objective] To investigate gene polymorphisms of Interle ukin-12B(IL-12B+1188A/C) and susceptibility of coal worker’s pneumoconiosis(CWP) in Han ethnic group workers.[Methods] SNP 1188A/C of IL-12B gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) based on restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) technique in 120 CWP patients and 120 coal dust exposure workers.[Results] The length of exposure to dust,job title,age of smoking frequencies were not significantly different between the cases and the controls(P0.05).Three genotypes(AA,AC,CC) were detected in IL-12B(1188A/C) and no significant difference was found between the CWP group and the controls(P0.05) after age standardization.The proportion of C allele showed statistical difference between the cases(45.8%) and the controls(36.7%).Significant difference between the CWP patients and the controls was found in frequencies of C alleles(P0.05).The distributions in the dust exposure duration,job title and smoking were no significant differences(P0.05).[Conclusion] The study found that IL-12B+1188A/C sites C allele may be one of the susceptible gene in CWP of Han ethnic group in Ningxia area.
Investigation of a thermal model for a Permanent Magnet assisted Synchronous Reluctance motor

The use of High Power Density (HPD) electric machines in applications such as Electric Vehicles amplifies the need for their optimal thermal design in conjunction with their electromagnetic design. Permanent Magnet Synchronous Reluctance Machines (PMaSynRMs) are specialized Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines where the magnet content in the flux barrier paths is reduced resulting in a relatively economical design. This paper provides the overview of a study of a thermal model for a Five Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Reluctance Machine with two flux barrier paths. The proposed thermal model is then verified with experimental results and FEA simulations. Once developed, its use for online temperature estimation or integrated with an optimization algorithm will be considered as future work.
Mediating Indigeneity: Public Space and the Making of Political Identity in Andean Peru

This article investigates the relationship between political identity and public space in the communities of the Colca Valley, in Peru's rural Andes, by examining two moments in which the built environment became a medium for formatting and engaging a local indigeneity. The first is the colonial invasion, during which the reduccion plan condensed and dispersed “unruly” native subjects around a public square and a church. The second is the contemporary moment, in which that same space is used to stage audits, evaluations, and competitions in the context of a development paradigm shifting from service provision to investing in indigeneity by financing the promotion of entrepreneurial and agricultural practices that organizations classify as typically indigenous. This article offers two arguments: (1) in the colonial era, notions of indigenous identity configured efforts to improve and regulate daily life—or, to achieve development; and (2) through changing historical contexts, the built environment is used as a medium for defining Colcan indigeneity, deploying it to generate strategic knowledge and regulatory force, and investing it with the potential for various kinds of salvation. This approach suggests that transnational paradigms do not simply “touch down,” but also, adjust and push existing dynamics through the local media at their disposal.
Photocatalytic Water Splitting—The Untamed Dream: A Review of Recent Advances

Photocatalytic water splitting using sunlight is a promising technology capable of providing high energy yield without pollutant byproducts. Herein, we review various aspects of this technology including chemical reactions, physiochemical conditions and photocatalyst types such as metal oxides, sulfides, nitrides, nanocomposites, and doped materials followed by recent advances in computational modeling of photoactive materials. As the best-known catalyst for photocatalytic hydrogen and oxygen evolution, TiO2 is discussed in a separate section, along with its challenges such as the wide band gap, large overpotential for hydrogen evolution, and rapid recombination of produced electron-hole pairs. Various approaches are addressed to overcome these shortcomings, such as doping with different elements, heterojunction catalysts, noble metal deposition, and surface modification. Development of a photocatalytic corrosion resistant, visible light absorbing, defect-tuned material with small particle size is the key to complete the sunlight to hydrogen cycle efficiently. Computational studies have opened new avenues to understand and predict the electronic density of states and band structure of advanced materials and could pave the way for the rational design of efficient photocatalysts for water splitting. Future directions are focused on developing innovative junction architectures, novel synthesis methods and optimizing the existing active materials to enhance charge transfer, visible light absorption, reducing the gas evolution overpotential and maintaining chemical and physical stability.
Parathyroid surgery for inherited endocrinopathies

Hyperparathyroidism presents as a component of selected familial endocrinopathies including multiple endocrine neoplasia types 1 and 2. These people develop multiple parathyroid adenomas that often present synchronously and can require operative intervention. The goals of the operation are to reduce the functional parathyroid mass to a point that normalizes the serum parathyroid hormone level, to avoid hypoparathyroidism, and to leave the residual parathyroid tissue in a place that can be safely accessed at the time of recurrent hyperparathyroidism. Recurrence is highly likely, as any residual parathyroid tissue has the propensity to develop subsequent adenomatous growth. The 2 main alternatives to accomplish these goals are to either remove all of the evident parathyroid tissue from the neck, and to move it to an accessible position, such as the forearm, as an autograft (total parathyroidectomy and autograft), or to remove nearly all of the parathyroid tissue from the neck, leaving a single focus of well-vascularized, carefully located tissue in the neck (subtotal parathyroidectomy).
Talk to cloud

Improving cognitive communication between end user and mobile app using various micro-services from IBM BlueMix cloud — based on banking use cases
An origin of functional fatigue of shape memory alloys

Abstract Functional fatigue (FF) during thermal and mechanical cycling, which leads to the generation of macroscopic irrecoverable strain and the loss of dimensional stability, is a critical issue that limits the service life of shape memory alloys (SMAs). Although it has been demonstrated experimentally that such a phenomenon is related to microstructural changes, a fundamental understanding of the physical origin of FF is still lacking, especially from a crystallographic point of view. In this study, we show that in addition to the normal martensitic phase transformation pathway (PTP), there is a symmetry-dictated non-phase-transformation pathway (SDNPTP) during phase transformation cycling, whose activation could play a key role in leading to FF. By investigating crystal symmetry changes along both the PTPs and SDNPTPs, the characteristic types of defects (e.g., dislocations and grain boundaries) generated during transformation cycling can be predicted systematically, and agree well with those observed experimentally in NiTi. By analyzing key materials parameters that could suppress the SDNPTPs, strategies to develop high performance SMAs with much improved FF resistance through crystallographic design and transformation pathway engineering are suggested.
Biologically plausible learning in neural networks with modulatory feedback.

Abstract Although Hebbian learning has long been a key component in understanding neural plasticity, it has not yet been successful in modeling modulatory feedback connections, which make up a significant portion of connections in the brain. We develop a new learning rule designed around the complications of learning modulatory feedback and composed of three simple concepts grounded in physiologically plausible evidence. Using border ownership as a prototypical example, we show that a Hebbian learning rule fails to properly learn modulatory connections, while our proposed rule correctly learns a stimulus-driven model. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time a border ownership network has been learned. Additionally, we show that the rule can be used as a drop-in replacement for a Hebbian learning rule to learn a biologically consistent model of orientation selectivity, a network which lacks any modulatory connections. Our results predict that the mechanisms we use are integral for learning modulatory connections in the brain and furthermore that modulatory connections have a strong dependence on inhibition.
Invited to gaze: butch characters and the trope of mental illness in American postwar film

ABSTRACTDue in part to the psychiatric model of homosexuality, American postwar films often depict butch masculinity through the trope of mental illness. Films utilize what disability theorist Elizabeth Donaldson calls the ‘psychiatric gaze,’ a technique in which the camera diagnoses a butch character as ‘sick’ or ‘crazy’ and invites the viewer to participate vicariously in this diagnosis. I establish in this article an historical context for a postwar psychiatric gaze, and analyze two examples of films that pathologize butch characters through this gaze: Young Man with a Horn (1949), and The Member of the Wedding (1952). Both films were released in close proximity to the publication of the original 1953 American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) which included homosexuality as a ‘sociopathic personality disturbance.’ Butch subjects were targets in the postwar era because of the ways they expressed ‘deviant’ gender and sexuality, and thus undermined both heteronormativity a...
Genome Editing and Directed Differentiation of hPSCs for Interrogating Lineage Determinants in Human Pancreatic Development

Interrogating gene function in self-renewing or differentiating human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) offers a valuable platform towards understanding human development and dissecting disease mechanisms in a dish. To capitalize on this potential application requires efficient genome-editing tools to generate hPSC mutants in disease-associated genes, as well as in vitro hPSC differentiation protocols to produce disease-relevant cell types that closely recapitulate their in vivo counterparts. An efficient genome-editing platform for hPSCs named iCRISPR has been developed through the TALEN-mediated targeting of a Cas9 expression cassette in the AAVS1 locus. Here, the protocols for the generation of inducible Cas9 hPSC lines using cells cultured in a chemically defined medium and a feeder-free condition are described. Detailed procedures for using the iCRISPR system for gene knockout or precise genetic alterations in hPSCs, either through non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or via precise nucleotide alterations using a homology-directed repair (HDR) template, respectively, are included. These technical procedures include descriptions of the design, production, and transfection of CRISPR guide RNAs (gRNAs); the measurement of the CRISPR mutation rate by T7E1 or RFLP assays; and the establishment and validation of clonal mutant lines. Finally, we chronicle procedures for hPSC differentiation into glucose-responsive pancreatic β-like cells by mimicking in vivo pancreatic embryonic development. Combining iCRISPR technology with directed hPSC differentiation enables the systematic examination of gene function to further our understanding of pancreatic development and diabetes disease mechanisms.
Correcting Skidelsky's Fairy Tales About J M Keynes's Mathematical Capabilities and Exposition in the a Treatise on Probability, General Theory and After

Robert Skidelsky has erroneously evaluated the mathematical analysis of J M Keynes for 35 years. The explanation for his numerous and continuing errors, concerning J M Keynes mathematical exposition, can be traced to two fundamental reasons. The first reason is his own severe mathematical limitations, illiteracy, innumeracy, and ineptness. The second reason is related to the first. Given his own extreme deficiencies in mathematics, logic, and statistics, he was forced to rely on the erroneous evaluations made of Keynes’s mathematical analysis in both the A Treatise on Probability and General Theory that were provided to him by Austin and Joan Robinson, Richard Kahn, GLS Shackle, Paul Davidson, and Richard Braithwaite . We will demonstrate that Skidelsky’s claims about Keynes being a poor mathematician make no sense, given that the League of Nations selected Keynes to review the work of Jan Tinbergen in 1938-39, based on his reputation as an expert on Probability and Statistics stemming from his A Treatise on Probability, as well as the Keynes–Harrod exchanges of 1937-38 and Keynes’s contribution to Ramsey’s 1928 article on savings in the Economic Journal. Skidelsky’s assertions about Keynes being a poor mathematician means that Keynes could never have reviewed, engaged and corrected the mathematical analysis used in Roy Harrod’s growth theory article of 1939 for publication in the Economic Journal. Skidelsky is just the latest example of writers on Keynes who have made gross ,erroneous misevaluations of Keynes’s work. These writers, mainly economists and philosophers ,but also historians, were unable to work through Keynes’s analysis themselves in either the A Treatise on Probability and/or the General Theory.
An Overview of Fibre Optic Rotary Joint Technology and Recent Advances

Abstract Fibre optic rotary joints are passive opto-mechanical components which provide a continuous fibre optic connection between rotating and stationary equipment. This paper reviews existing designs as well as recent advances.
Simulating time-evolving non-cross-spectrally pure schell-model sources

Investigating the time-evolution of partially-coherent sources is necessary for certain optical coherence effects. Several simulation approaches have been developed, many of which can only treat cross-spectrally pure sources. However, some significant source types are not cross-spectrally pure. This paper reviews two methods for the synthesis of time-evolving sources which need not be pure. Both involve filtering matrices of uncorrelated Gaussian random numbers. One method requires control of both amplitude and phase, while the other only requires phase control. The utility of the methods for non-cross-spectrally pure sources is demonstrated for the first time. The source is generated by passing coherent light through two different diffusers which move at the same speed but in opposite directions. Simulation results for the time-evolving field are shown. Further, the coherence functions of the synthesized field are compared to theory for validation.
Age-Related Differences In Foraging Ability Among Clam-Dropping Herring Gulls (Larus argentatus)

ABSTRACT Juvenile birds are generally less efficient foragers than adults, and this can lead to reduced survival or delayed reproduction. Feeding on hard-shelled nuts and mollusks after breaking them open by dropping is particularly challenging. To determine whether juvenile birds are as proficient as adults at this complex foraging task, we compared juvenile and adult Herring Gulls (Larus argentatus) feeding at low tide by dropping clams (Rangia cuneata) at a coastal estuary in Virginia, USA. Juvenile (first-winter) gulls were less successful than adult (2+ years old) birds at finding clams to drop. Moreover, the clams they selected were of a wider range of sizes, more often being difficult to handle or of lower nutritional value. Juveniles did, however, drop clams with the same degree of success as adult birds. Together these results suggest that learning to find and recognize profitable clams is the developmental bottleneck in this complex behavior.
Yogyakarta: Religion, Culture and Nationality

This exchange of letters, or from a Yogyakarta perspective, diplomatic notes, between Indonesia’s first President Soekarno and Sultan Hamengkubuwana IX set the tone for relationships between the Sultanate of Yogyakarta and the Republic of Indonesia. President Soekarno’s note was sent two days after he and Vice President Mohammad Hatta declared Indonesia’s independence from the Netherlands.
Pion condensation at finite temperature: (II). Simple models including thermal excitations of the pion field

Abstract We calculate, in several increasingly complex models, the threshold for charged pion condensation in neutron-rich matter at finite temperature, including effects of thermal excitations of the pion field. The thermal pion excitations have two important effects: first, to modify the phase diagram qualitatively from that predicted by mean field theory, and second, to make the phase transition to a nonuniform condensed state at finite temperature always first, rather than second, order.
Learning a Physical Layer Scheme for the MIMO Interference Channel

This paper presents a novel physical layer scheme for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems based on unsupervised deep learning (DL) using an autoencoder in an interference channel (IC) environment. Moreover, it extends the single-input single-output (SISO) channel autoencoder to consider fading channel conditions. In both schemes, two physical layer communication system encoders and decoders are jointly optimized in the presence of interference to minimize their symbol error rate (SER). We analyze resulting SER performance for varying signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio (SINR) levels. Realistic channel effects; i.e. Rayleigh fading, are used while training the autoencoder system. For SISO systems, the autoencoder system in IC demonstrates significant performance improvement compared to the conventional single-user systems by eliminating interference when there is channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter. The MIMO autoencoder system also shows significant performance improvements compared to the conventional single-user MIMO systems at SINR levels higher than 16dB. MIMO systems with different number of antennas are simulated to analyze the change in the system complexity and scalability. The information required at the transmitter; i.e. CSI from both the intended and interference links, and the autoencoder training time increases with increasing number of antennas for the autoencoder-based MIMO systems.
Effect of Vehicle Control Format on Driver Performance and Attention Allocation under Adaptive Cruise Control

Nowadays many major automobile manufacturers have implemented multiple novel control formats along with traditional manual controls in their vehicle models, as revealed by a vehicle survey. This st...
Multi-tissue analysis reveals short tandem repeats as ubiquitous regulators of gene expression and complex traits

Abstract Short tandem repeats (STRs) have been implicated in a variety of complex traits in humans. However, genome-wide studies of the effects of STRs on gene expression thus far have had limited power to detect associations and provide insights into putative mechanisms. Here, we leverage whole genome sequencing and expression data for 17 tissues from the Genotype-Tissue Expression Project (GTEx) to identify STRs for which repeat number is associated with expression of nearby genes (eSTRs). Our analysis reveals more than 28,000 eSTRs. We employ fine-mapping to quantify the probability that each eSTR is causal and characterize a group of the top 1,400 fine-mapped eSTRs. We identify hundreds of eSTRs linked with published GWAS signals and implicate specific eSTRs in complex traits including height and schizophrenia, inflammatory bowel disease, and intelligence. Overall, our results support the hypothesis that eSTRs contribute to a range of human phenotypes and will serve as a valuable resource for future studies of complex traits.
A Sulfone-Based Strategy for the Preparation of 2,4-Disubstituted Furan Derivatives.

Basic treatment of 2,4-diones with the sulfone (II) allows convenient access to 2,4-disubstituted furans like (III), accompanied by lower amounts of analogue (IV).
TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF THE LOCAL STRUCTURE IN TRANSITION FROM LIQUID TO GLASS: A MOLECULAR DYNAMICS STUDY

The molecular dynamics study of local structural fluctuations in liquids located an incipient structural phase transition within the liquid phase near the melting temperature. This transition is characterized by the onset of the spatial orientational correlation among the local shear stresses due to their elastic interaction, and separates the high temperature simple atomic liquid from the more correlated supercooled liquid. This transition may be the origin of the bond orientational correlation observed recently by Steinhardt et al [ 1 ].
Validation of a reactive transport model for predicting changes in porosity and permeability in carbonate core samples

Abstract The CO2-EOR and geologic CO2 storage (GCS) communities working in carbonate reservoirs would like better estimates for long-term changes to CO2 reservoir permeability and porosity that account for changes caused by the dissolution of carbonate minerals. One such model derived key parameters by matching pressure, single-phase solution chemistry, and dissolution features from fifteen core-flood experiments from two different carbonate reservoirs (Weyburn-Midale unit, Hao et al., 2013 ; Smith et al., 2013 ; Arbuckle unit, Smith et al., 2017 ). This model’s development is followed here with a validation study using samples from a third distinct reservoir. Forward simulations are compared with experimental results from five new carbonate samples from the Duperow Formation (Montana, USA). Simulations sample the parameter ranges for calcite and dolomite rate constants (log kcal,25C = −6.5, −5.5, −4.5; and log kdol,25C = −8, −7, −6)), and exponent n (1.5, 3, and 8) used to estimate permeability response from evolving porosity change, and model domains honor the initial mineral and void space distributions determined from non-destructive characterization as well as the initial bulk permeability of each sample prior to CO2 exposure. The forecast envelopes generated by the reactive transport model capture the pressure declines and pre-breakthrough porosity generation trends observed in these new experiments. The magnitude of model permeability forecasts spans orders of magnitude and is most sensitive to the value of the porosity-permeability exponent and sample heterogeneity.
Developing anti-icing airfield runways using surface embedded heat wires and renewable energy

Abstract Airfield runway safety is significantly affected by winter snow, ice, and slush conditions. These wet wintry conditions impact aircraft control and stopping distances. Airport operators use deicing chemicals and plowing to maintain safe runways during wet wintry conditions. However, snow removal is costly. This article presents an alternative approach to applying deicing chemicals and plowing. The approach discusses using a heated pavement system (HPS) with surface embedded wire. Nichrome heating wire is embedded at the slab surface level and energized by an outside source to heat the pavement through Joule heating. Renewable energy generated through a photovoltaic system is used to energize the wires within the concrete slab. To reduce energy demand, the system is designed as an anti-icing system in contrast to a deicing system. Consequently, energy is continually supplied to the system to maintain an above freezing pavement surface temperature independent of ambient weather conditions. An anti-icing runway slab was developed by supplying DC energy from a photovoltaic energy system to experimental concrete slabs with surface embedded heat wire. Experiments were conducted supplying energy to test panels and analyzing pavement surface temperature changes. Energy usage is controlled in the proposed system using control relays. The control relays allow current flow to only surface embedded wires in pavement sections that require a pavement surface temperature increase. This article identifies the challenges and benefits of using surface embedded heat wires with a photovoltaic system to develop an anti-icing pavement system. The approach discussed in this article proposes methodology to develop an anti-icing airfield runway pavement system that relies on a sustainable energy source, solar energy, as it’s energy source. Solar energy is used to recharge a storage energy bank for energizing the proposed system.
Dancing Vernacular: Integrating English, Hip Hop, and Choreography for Analyzing Texts.

Dance mediates our lives—from the commercial entertainment we consume to the online, digital platforms that we use. Yet, dance (as creative expression, performance, choreography, learning strategy,...
Simulations of a high-contrast single-mode fiber coronagraphic multiobject spectrograph for future space telescopes

Directly imaging and characterizing Earth-like exoplanets is a tremendously difficult instrumental challenge. Present coronagraphic systems have yet to achieve the required 10 − 10 broadband contrast in a laboratory environment, but promising progress toward this goal continues. An approach to starlight suppression is the use of a single-mode fiber (SMF) behind a coronagraph. By using deformable mirrors to create a mismatch between incoming starlight and the fiber mode, SMF can be turned into an integral part of the starlight suppression system. We present simulation results of a system with five SMFs coupled to shaped pupil and vortex coronagraphs. We investigate the properties of the system, including its spectral bandwidth, throughput, and sensitivity to low-order aberrations. We also compare the performance of the SMF configuration with conventional imaging and multiobject modes, finding improved spectral bandwidth, raw contrast, background-limited signal-to-noise ratio, and demonstrate a wavefront control algorithm, which is robust to tip/tilt errors.
Tricuspid Valve Leaflet Repair and Augmentation for Infective Endocarditis

Intravenous drug use has increased substantially over the past decade, with heroin abuse more than doubling. Injection drug use-related infective endocarditis hospitalizations have similarly increased over the same period. Right-sided infective endocarditis is strongly associated with intravenous drug use, and 90% of right-sided endocarditis involves the tricuspid valve. During the period of the opioid epidemic, tricuspid-related endocarditis rates have increased, while the incidence of surgery for tricuspid endocarditis has increased as much as five-fold. Within this context, optimizing surgical technique for valve repair is increasingly important. In this report, we examine the indications for tricuspid valve surgery for endocarditis, describe specific techniques for tricuspid valve leaflet repair and augmentation, and assess postoperative care and surgical outcomes after both tricuspid valve repair and replacement for infective endocarditis.
Understanding wind-blown sand: Six vexations

Abstract The study of aeolian geomorphological systems over the last half century has advanced along several important fronts, supported by developments in technologies and analytic methods and the evolution of modeling approaches. Remote sensing has led to a wealth of knowledge concerning the distribution and dynamics of dunes on Earth and elsewhere, and wind tunnels have elucidated the roles of aeolian processes in reshaping surfaces. Improvements in laboratory and field instrumentation allow measurement of aeolian sand transport systems at levels of detail unimaginable when the Binghamton Geomorphology Symposium began. We have seen, for example, the advent of large, sophisticated field campaigns and advanced modeling approaches using cellular automata and computational fluid dynamics methods. Select avenues of development, especially concerned with depositional environments, are briefly summarized. Advances in many fields have not been matched with proportional advances in our ability to predict rates of sand transport in natural environments, one of the most fundamental challenges. At least eight, commonly cited, sand transport-rate models do not agree with each other and do not replicate field observations even under near-ideal conditions. This review focuses on select reasons why that might be so, and categorizes those reasons into six, principal theoretical and empirical vexations that have made sand transport an intractable problem: predicting rates of transport; characterizing grain size; characterizing fluid and sand densities; estimating shear velocity; predicting the threshold of motion, including the effects of sand moisture content; and understanding granular electrification. The examination of potential sources of error in the rate of transport and threshold of motion models leads to a point-by-point consideration of our current assumptions and protocols (or lack thereof). The objective is to help us identify the hard targets and the soft targets for future research.
Common Fund Flows: Flow Hedging and Factor Pricing

Active mutual funds care about fund size, affected by common fund flows driven by primitive shocks. Funds hedge against common-flow shocks by tilting their portfolios toward low-flow-beta stocks. In equilibrium, common fund flows earn a risk premium, leading to a multi-factor asset-pricing model similar to the ICAPM, even with all agents behaving myopically and using naive asset-pricing models. Empirically, fund flows obey a strong factor structure with the common component earning a risk premium, and fund portfolios are, on average, tilted toward low-flow-beta stocks. This tilt increases in magnitude when flow-hedging motives strengthen following natural disasters and unexpected trade-war announcements.
A phase I/II study of REGN5093, a MET x MET bispecific antibody, in patients with MET-altered advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

TPS9628Background: Mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) factor is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor activated by hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Aberrant activation of MET via gene amplif...
Family Treatment Court-Involved Parents’ Perceptions of their Substance Use and Parenting

As the opioid epidemic continues to push children into the child welfare system, child protection agencies and courts are forced to grapple with the topic of parental substance use treatment. One mechanism for improving treatment retention and effectiveness is understanding the parents’ perspectives on their own substance use, including its impact on their parenting, before and during child welfare system involvement. In-depth interviews with 17 currently or recently-involved parents in a Midwestern family treatment court, which are specialized child welfare dockets designed to address substance use, were conducted and analyzed using constant comparative coding. Seven themes reflecting parents’ views on their substance use over their life course emerged. Parents described early and easy access to substances, which normalized substance taking. Parents described non-linear trajectories over time that culminated in child welfare involvement. Parents viewed substances as both helping and hurting their ability to parent, took precautions to protect their children while also exposing their children to substance-related risks, and experienced a strong desire to stop using while simultaneously continuing to use. Parents with substance use disorders who enter the child welfare system have long histories of trauma, cyclical and worsening substance use trajectories, and easy access to substances in their immediate social surroundings. These parents also have several strengths upon which to capitalize, including efforts to protect their children from their addictions, earlier periods of sobriety, and substantial awareness of their own experiences. Working effectively with these parents requires attention to the full scope of their perspectives and experiences.
K-Means Clustering

Please download the sample Excel files from https://github.com/hhohho/Learn-Data-Mining-through-Excel. Double-click Chapter3-1a.xlsx to open it.
Lamb wave imaging with actuator network for damage quantification in aluminum plate structures

Lamb waves have been widely used for damage detection on plate-like structures. However, there are still considerable interests on quantifying damage with complex profile. In this article, quantifi...
Directed metalation reactions 2-position of methoxy- and chloroferrocene

Abstract Unequivocal demonstration that the position of lithiation of chloro- and methoxyferrocene is the 2-position is provided. 2-Methylchloroferrocene and 2-(methoxymethyl)methoxyferrocene were prepared from the respective 2-lithio intermediates. These derivatives were shown to be identical to samples of these compounds prepared by the lithiation of [(dimethylamino)methyl]ferrocene, a procedure well documented to produce 1,2-disubstituted ferrocenes.
Increased incidence of hypospadias in small-for-gestational age infants in a neonatal intensive-care unit.

Objective To identify the incidence of hypospadias in children born prematurely and small-for-gestational age (SGA), and to compare this subgroup with infants of similar age and weight without hypospadias. Patients and methods Records from the neonatal intensive-care unit (NICU) of a major metropolitan hospital active in labour and delivery were reviewed over a 3-year period, specifically examining newborns admitted with the diagnosis of SGA, defined as a birth weight of < 10th percentile for gestational age. In all, 154 patients were identified and their charts reviewed, recording the presence and severity of hypospadias, gestational age, birth weight, placental weight, cord length, cord vessels, maternal age, parity, multiple births, drug exposure and associated comorbidity. A control group of age- and weight-matched infants without hypospadias were also identified and compared. Results Of the 154 patients, 17 (11%) had hypospadias; the hypospadias was distal in nine, mid-shaft in four and proximal in four. The severity of hypospadias did not correlate with the degree of prematurity or weight for gestational age. Placental weight, fetal weight, fetal to placental weight ratio and cord length were all lower in the hypospadias group than in the control group, but the differences were not statistically significant. The maternal age was evenly distributed (median 32 years, range 20–43). Most mothers were multiparous and births were multiple in five of 17 (30%). Cryptorchidism (three) and inguinal hernia (three) were present in four of the infants. Conclusions The incidence of hypospadias in SGA infants admitted to the NICU is > 10 times higher than that reported for the general population. There was a trend to lower placental and fetal weight in SGA infants with hypospadias than in the controls. This finding merits further evaluation using a larger population database and suggests that factors resulting in SGA infants occur at a critical point early in development, affecting both somatic and urethral development.
RETURN FROM UTOPIA: THE MONTALDO COLLECTION AND THE END OF THE ICARIAN DREAM

In 1848, Etienne Cabet moved to the United States with several hundred followers to implement the utopian society he had envisioned in Voyage en Icarie (1840)in American soil. Among the followers of Cabet, there were some Catalans such as Narcis Monturiol, Francisco Jose de Orellana, Joan Rovira, and Ignacio Montaldo. Rovira and Montaldo joined Cabet in his travel to America from Europe in 1848. In 1992, a retired librarian from Harvard University reported the existence of letters and documents "to and from" Ignacio Montaldo. Copies of these letters, written mainly in French and Spanish, are currently held at the Icarian Studies Center at Western Illinois University. To our knowledge, the letters have not been transcribed, translated or published. This may be attributed to difficulty to understand the letters due to the physical conditions of the documents. The main contribution of this article is the translation into English of the letters of the Montaldo Collection written in Spanish. (1) Finally, the content of these letters will reveal the particular impact that the defeat of the Spanish liberal project of the Progressive Biennium (1854-1856) had for Spanish Icarians.
Applying Asset Mapping to Protected Area Planning and Management in the Cordillera Azul National Park, Peru

Participatory conservation efforts are now common throughout regions of high biodiversity in the developing world. Standard approaches to participatory conservation begin with need-based assessments that identify humaninduced ecological threats and livelihood deficiencies, but this focus on “threats” and “needs” tends to reinforce perceptions of rural people as predatory, poor and dependent. We examine the theoretical, conceptual, and methodological application of an alternative, “assets-based” approach to participatory conservation and the co-management of natural resources in areas of high cultural and biological diversity. As a case study, we report on the implementation of an asset-mapping activity applied in the buffer zone of the Cordillera Azul National Park in north-central Peru. Data were collected by community facilitators in 53 communities within the park’s buffer zone. These data encompass local knowledge systems, community visions for the future, and innovative livelihood strategies compatible with conservation goals. By focusing on these social assets, this approach demonstrates the ways in which positive, pre-existing cultural characteristics may be used to plan and guide the management of a protected area. We describe how this approach has helped to empower local communities and to improve dialogue and transparency between disparate stakeholders. We also include a discussion of the challenges and limitations of this assetmapping activity.
Erratum: Accounting for binaural detection as a function of masker interaural correlation: Effects of center frequency and bandwidth [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 136, 3211-3220 (2014)].

The proportions of “variance accounted for” that were reported for the analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were misidentified as being values of ω2. They were actually values of η2, an alternative and commonly used metric of variance accounted for (Keppel and Zedeck, 1989). Despite the misidentification, all of the interpretations and conclusions remain valid. The same applies to the following publications: Bernstein, L. R., and Trahiotis, C. (2003). “Enhancing interaural-delay-based extents of laterality at high frequencies by using ‘transposed stimuli,’ ” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 113, 3335–3347. Bernstein, L. R., and Trahiotis, C. (2004). “The apparent immunity of high-frequency ‘transposed’ stimuli to low-frequency binaural interference,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 116, 3062–3069. Bernstein, L. R., Trahiotis, C., and Freyman, R. L. (2006). “Binaural detection of 500-Hz tones in broadband and in narrowband masking noise: Effects of signal/masker duration and forward masking fringes,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 119, 2981–2993. Bernstein, L. R., and Trahiotis, C. (2008). “Binaural signal detection, overall masking level, and masker interaural correlation: Revisiting the internal noise hypothesis,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 124, 3850–3860. Bernstein, L. R., and Trahiotis, C. (2009). “How sensitivity to ongoing interaural temporal disparities is affected by manipulations of temporal features of the envelopes of high-frequency stimuli,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 125, 3234–3242. Bernstein, L. R., and Trahiotis, C. (2010). “Accounting quantitatively for sensitivity to envelope-based interaural temporal disparities at high frequencies,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 128, 1224–1234. Bernstein, L. R., and Trahiotis, C. (2011). “Lateralization produced by envelope-based interaural temporal disparities of high-frequency, raised-sine stimuli: Empirical data and modeling,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 129, 1501–1508. Bernstein, L. R., and Trahiotis, C. (2012). “Lateralization produced by interaural temporal and intensitive disparities of high-frequency, raised-sine stimuli: Data and modeling,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 131, 409–415. Dietz, M., Bernstein, L. R., Trahiotis, C., Ewert, Stephen, D., and Hohmann, V. (2013). “The effect of overall level on sensitivity to interaural differences of time and level at high frequencies,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 134, 494–502. Bernstein, L. R., and Trahiotis, C. (2014). “Accounting for binaural detection as a function of masker interaural correlation: Effects of center frequency and bandwidth,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 136, 3211–3220.
Literacy and mothering: How women’s schooling changes the lives of the world’s children, by LeVine, R. A., Levine, S., Schnell-Anzola, B., Rowe, M. L., & Dexter, E.

Despite the rise of formal schooling, the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) study found that 61 million school age children did not attend school in 2010. Of ...
A DNS reflection method for global traffic management

An edge network deployment consists of many (tens to a few hundred) satellite data centers. To optimize enduser perceived performance, a Global Traffic Management (GTM) solution needs to continuously monitor the performance between the users and the data centers, in order to dynamically select the "best" data center for each user. Though widely adopted in practice, GTM solutions based on active measurement techniques suffer from limited probing reachability. In this paper, we propose a novel DNS reflection method, which uses the GTM DNS traffic itself to measure the performance between an arbitrary end-user and the data centers. From these measurements, the best data center can be selected for the user. We have implemented and deployed a prototype system involving 17 geographically distributed locations within the Microsoft global data center network infrastructure. Our evaluation of the prototype shows that the DNS reflection method is extremely accurate and suitable for GTM. In particular, at the 95 percentile, the measured latency is 6 ms away from Ping, and the selected data center is 2 ms away from the ground-truth best.
An Optical Local Area Network

An optical link for the interconnection of workstations, terminals, mainframes and other devices is described. It allows for the flexible networking of nodes whose physical locations may be changed without the overhead of cable rerouting. CHIPNET, an experimental local area network based on this optical link is outlined.
A clinical and neuropathologic study of silk suture as an embolic agent for brain arteriovenous malformations.

PURPOSE To evaluate the safety and efficacy of silk suture as an agent for preoperative embolization of cerebral arteriovenous malformations. METHODS Clinical and histopathologic results were analyzed in six patients who underwent embolization of cerebral arteriovenous malformations using silk suture in combination with other agents. RESULTS Three of the patients treated with silk hemorrhaged after embolization, and two of these patients died. Neuropathologic analysis of four patients showed acute perivascular inflammation, sometimes quite severe. CONCLUSIONS The inflammatory response to silk may explain its effectiveness in producing vascular occlusion. However, a fulminate vasculitis theoretically can predispose to delayed hemorrhage. Other problems with silk include the pressure required to inject the agent and the inability to determine the final site of deposition of the silk. Although other embolic agents may share some of these potential difficulties, we feel that the disadvantages outweigh the advantages of silk as an embolic agent.
Application of Rosgen’s BANCS Model for NE Kansas and the Development of Predictive Streambank Erosion Curves1

Sass, Christopher K. and Tim D. Keane, 2012. Application of Rosgen’s BANCS Model for NE Kansas and the Development of Predictive Streambank Erosion Curves. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 48(4): 774-787. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2012.00644.x Abstract: Sedimentation of waterways and reservoirs directly related to streambank erosion threatens freshwater supply. This study sought to provide a tool that accurately predicts annual streambank erosion rates in NE Kansas. Rosgen (2001, 2006) methods were employed and 18 study banks were measured and monitored from 2007 through 2010 (May-June). Bank profiles were overlaid to calculate toe pin area change due to erosional processes. Streambanks experienced varied erosion rates from similar Bank Erosion Hazard Index (BEHI)-Near Bank Stress (NBS) combinations producing R2 values of 0.77 High-Very High BEHI rating and 0.75 Moderate BEHI rating regarding predictive erosion curves for NE Kansas. Moderate ratings demonstrated higher erosion rates than High-Very High ratings and BEHI trend lines intersected at lower NBS ratings, suggesting a discrepancy in the fit of the model to conditions in the NE Kansas region. BEHI model factors were evaluated and assessed for additional influences exerted in the region. Woody vegetation adjacent to the stream seemed to provide the most variation in erosion rates. This study’s findings allowed us to calibrate and modify the existing BEHI model according to woody vegetation occurrence levels along streambanks with high clay content. Modifications regarding vegetation occurrence of the BEHI model was completed and the results of these modifications generated new curves resulting in R2 values of 0.84 High-Very High BEHI and 0.88 Moderate BEHI ratings.
Classical Trajectory Study of Energy Transfer in Pyrazine−CO Collisions†

Classical trajectory calculations for collisions between vibrationally hot pyrazine (E = 40332 cm-1) and room-temperature CO are compared with recent diode laser experiments. Ab initio calculations were carried out to determine parameters for the pairwise Lennard-Jones intermolecular potential. The trajectory results appear to show good qualitative agreement with preliminary experimental results. The highest ΔE collisions occur when the CO happens to lie above the pyrazine plane just as the underlying CH wag executes an unusually high amplitude motion. Artificially doubling the length of the CO produces results for the angular momentum transfer to the CO molecule that look quite similar to those for angular momentum transfer to CO2 in analogous pyrazine−CO2 experiments.