cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Strengthening donor stewardship one month at a time

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss Eastern Kentucky University (EKU) Libraries’ experience and success in the creation of a fundraising Communications Plan. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on observational experiences at EKU Libraries over the course of two years, before and after the implementation of a Communications Plan. Findings – Feedback from Friends of EKU Libraries advised that donors appreciate communications from EKU Libraries, especially on a monthly basis. As a result of implementing a Communications Plan, donations to EKU Libraries became more consistent throughout the year and increased in number. Practical implications – EKU Libraries found that a meaningful Communications Plan can help strengthen the connection between an organization and its donors. As a result, the Plan will be refined annually and utilized for the foreseeable future. Originality/value – This paper provides guidance for libraries and other organizations on the creation and implementation of a fundraising Communications Plan, based on the experience of EKU Libraries.
X-Ray Sensitivity and DNA Synthesis in Synchronous Populations of HeLa Cells

Inhibition with either 5-fluorodeoxyuridine or deoxyadenosine for specified periods during the division cycle of the HeLa S3 cell shows that the mid-interphase peak in sensitivity occurs just before DNA replication begins. Sensitivity subsequently decreases only after synthesis of DNA is resumed. One interpretation of the relation between fluctuations in sensitivity and in DNA synthesis is that the lethal radiation damage to these cells occurs in DNA.
The Roles of Lipid Oxidation Products and Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κB Signaling in Atherosclerotic Calcification

This review focuses on the roles of oxylipids and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand signaling in calcific cardiovascular disease. Both intimal and valvular calcifications are closely associated with atherosclerosis, leading investigators to study the role of atherogenic oxidatively modified lipids (oxylipids). Results have identified the molecular signaling through which oxylipids induce osteogenic differentiation and calcification in vascular cells. A surprising concomitant finding was that, in bona fide osteoblasts from skeletal bone, oxylipids have the opposite effect, ie, inhibiting osteoblastic maturation. This is the basis for the lipid hypothesis of osteoporosis. Oxylipids also induce resorptive osteoclastic cells within the bone environment, raising the question of whether resorptive osteoclasts can be harnessed in the vascular context for cell-based therapy to remove artery wall mineral deposits. The challenge is that vascular cells produce antiosteoclastogenic factors, including the soluble decoy receptor for receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand, possibly accounting for the paucity of resorptive cells and the dominance of mineral in atherosclerotic plaque. These factors may have therapeutic use in osteoclastogenic removal of mineral deposits from arteries.
Understanding the Disease of Addiction

Addiction is a chronic brain disease. Drug addiction manifests as a compulsive obsession to use a substance despite serious detrimental and sometimes irreversible consequences. Drug addiction is not the same as drug dependency because dependency may not manifest as an addictive behavior. This problem is fundamental to understanding the disease of addiction. This article discusses the neurobiology and genetics of drug addiction.
N -Palmitoylethanolamine depot injection increased its tissue levels and those of other acylethanolamide lipids

N-Palmitoylethanolamine (NAE 16:0) is an endogenous lipid signaling molecule that has limited water solubility, and its action is short-lived due to its rapid metabolism. This poses a problem for use in vivo as oral administration requires a high concentration for significant levels to reach target tissues, and injection of the compound in a dimethyl sulfoxide- or ethanol-based vehicle is usually not desirable during long-term treatment. A depot injection of NAE 16:0 was successfully emulsified in sterile corn oil (10 mg/kg) and administered in young DBA/2 mice in order to elevate baseline levels of NAE 16:0 in target tissues. NAE 16:0 levels were increased in various tissues, particularly in the retina, 24 and 48 hours following injections. Increases ranged between 22% and 215% (above basal levels) in blood serum, heart, brain, and retina and induced an entourage effect by increasing levels of other 18 carbon N-Acylethanolamines (NAEs), which ranged between 31% and 117% above baseline. These results indicate that NAE 16:0 can be used as a depot preparation, avoiding the use of inadequate vehicles, and can provide the basis for designing tissue-specific dosing regimens for therapies involving NAEs and related compounds.
The affective production of others: United States policy towards the Israeli–Palestinian conflict

IR scholars have recently turned to emotions to understand and explain events in world politics. Although this turn is appealing, most scholars have failed to critically examine the relationships b...
MAGNETISM OF METEORITES: A REVIEW OF RUSSIAN STUDIES

We present here a summary review of the work of Russian scientists, primarily Gus'kova and Pochtarev, on the magnetism of meteorites. They have measured the initial natural remanent magnetization and the magnetic susceptibility in more than 900 meteorite samples from collections throughout the Soviet Union. More sophisticated studies, involving both thermal and alternating field demagnetization experiments, were also conducted on a few samples. Meteorites almost invariably retain evidence of ancient magnetic fields in their pre-terrestrial history
Step and flash imprint lithography: a new approach to high-resolution patterning

An alternative approach to lithography is being developed based on a dual-layer imprint scheme. This process has the potential to become a high-throughput means of producing high aspect ratio, high-resolution patterns without projection optics. In this process, a template is created on a standard mask blank by using the patterned chromium as an etch mask to produce high-resolution relief images in the quartz. The etched template and a substrate that has been coated with an organic planarization layer are brought into close proximity. A low-viscosity, photopolymerizable formulation containing organosilicon precursors is introduced into the gap between the two surfaces. The template is then brought into contact with the substrate. The solution that is trapped in the relief structures of the template is photopolymerized by exposure through the backside of the quartz template. The template is separated from the substrate, leaving a UV-curved replica of the relief structure on the planarization layer. Features smaller than 60 nm in size have been reliably produced using this imprinting process. The resolution silicon polymer images are transferred through the planarization layer by anisotropic oxygen reactive ion etching. This paper provides a progress report on our efforts to evaluate the potential of this process.
Biodiversity, Taxonomic Infrastructure, International Collaboration, and New Species Discovery

Geographic and political factors affect global research in many areas of biology with substantial field components. Progress in new species discovery continues to be undermined by sociopolitical impediments. The number of new species discovered from individual countries in 1 year is highly dependent on taxonomic infrastructure and country-scale biodiversity. Publication patterns suggest that alpha taxonomy is a higher research priority in high-biodiversity countries than in low-biodiversity countries. Alpha-taxonomy articles with authors affiliated with highbiodiversity, low-taxonomic-infrastructure tropical countries have very high rates of international collaboration, underscoring its importance in the discovery of new tropical species. Most new species descriptions include specimens collected less than 5 years prior to publication, which indicates the importance of ongoing collection efforts. National and international policies that strengthen both the taxonomic infrastructure of high-biodiversity countries and collaborations between high-biodiversity and high-taxonomic-infrastructure countries are necessary to accelerate global biodiversity discovery, given the current rapid rate of species extinctions.
Core−Shell Polymeric Microcapsules with Superior Thermal and Solvent Stability

A protective polydopamine (PDA) coating is applied to core–shell microcapsule surfaces by the polymerization of dopamine monomers. A neutral aqueous solution and the addition of an oxidant (i.e., ammonium persulfate) are crucial for microcapsule survival and the initiation of PDA polymerization, respectively. The resulting PDA coating is a dense and uniform layer approximately 50 nm thick. The PDA protective coating significantly increases capsule stability at an elevated temperature (180 °C) and in a variety of organic solvents and acidic/basic solutions that otherwise lead to deflation and loss of the core content of uncoated microcapsules.
Improvement in Production of New York Holsteins Due to Artificial Insemination

Summary The first-lactation milk and fat records of 24,995 artificially sired progeny and 32,831 naturally sired progeny were compared on a within herd-year-season contemporary comparison basis over a period of nearly 10 yr. The artificially sired progeny were superior in every year of calving from 1951 through 1959, for milk and fat production. The trend in superiority was generally upward, although the low point was in 1953, followed by an increase and then a slight decline until 1959, when the superiority was greatest. Evidently, more emphasis was placed on selection of sires according to fat production of progeny than milk production. Biases in estimation of superiority of artificially sired daughters would result if over-all season averages of artificially sired and naturally sired daughters were used.
Quality of life in prostate cancer.

Abstract Little more than a decade ago, measurements of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of prostate cancer patients began to enter the medical literature. Initially controversial and of little apparent relevance to clinical care, HRQOL has grown in importance in prostate cancer to the point that providing it in treatment discussions is now considered a core element of clinical care. The United States (US) Food and Drug Administration has used it to make approval decisions for prostate cancer drugs, and Europeans have endorsed its central role in prostate cancer as well [Altwein J, Ekman P, Barry M, et al . How is quality of life in prostate cancer patients influenced by modern treatment? The Wallenberg symposium. Urology 1997, 49 (Suppl 4A), 66–76.]. We propose to characterise the treatment dilemmas facing patients with prostate cancer, the clinical relevance of HRQOL research, its central conceptual elements, the characteristics of some available instruments to measure it, the use of HRQOL in clinical studies, and some of the remaining challenges we have identified during our 13 years in the field.
Cachet: a decentralized architecture for privacy preserving social networking with caching

Online social networks (OSNs) such as Facebook and Google+ have transformed the way our society communicates. However, this success has come at the cost of user privacy; in today's OSNs, users are not in control of their own data, and depend on OSN operators to enforce access control policies. A multitude of privacy breaches has spurred research into privacy-preserving alternatives for social networking, exploring a number of techniques for storing, disseminating, and controlling access to data in a decentralized fashion. In this paper, we argue that a combination of techniques is necessary to efficiently support the complex functionality requirements of OSNs.We propose Cachet, an architecture that provides strong security and privacy guarantees while preserving the main functionality of online social networks. In particular, Cachet protects the confidentiality, integrity and availability of user content, as well as the privacy of user relationships. Cachet uses a distributed pool of nodes to store user data and ensure availability. Storage nodes in Cachet are untrusted; we leverage cryptographic techniques such as attribute based encryption to protect the confidentiality of data. For efficient dissemination and retrieval of data, Cachet uses a hybrid structured-unstructured overlay paradigm in which a conventional distributed hash table is augmented with social links between users. Social contacts in our system act as caches to store recent updates in the social network, and help reduce the cryptographic as well as the communication overhead in the network.We built a prototype implementation of Cachet in the FreePastry simulator. To demonstrate the functionality of existing OSNs we implemented the "newsfeed" application. Our evaluation demonstrates that (a) decentralized architectures for privacy preserving social networking are feasible, and (b) use of social contacts for object caching results in significant performance improvements.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Data Analysis

The characteristics of MRS data and the information content are reviewed. Problems in processing the Fourier transformed data lead to fitting the signal to a time-domain model. This paper introduces an iterative analysis method, based on a time-domain ARMA model. A relationship with AR methods is used to derive a computationally efficient approximation to a Maximum Likelihood Estimator. The incorporation of a new factorization algorithm enables the method to resolve a large number of transient, closely spaced sinusoids. As an application example, data from physiological experiments is used to demonstrate the feasibility of the ARMA model fitting at low SNR levels.
Spatiotemporal chemical dynamics in living cells: from information trafficking to cell physiology.

Biological thought in the 20th century was dominated by the study of structures at increasingly minute levels. For biology to advance beyond structural reductionism and contribute its full measure to clinical care, living biological structures must be understood in the context of their collective chemical processes at the relevant chemical time-scales. Using high-speed fluorescence microscopy, we have studied intra- and inter-cellular signaling using shutter speeds (∼100 ns) that remove the effects of wave motion and diffusion from optical images. By collecting a series of such images, stop-action movies of signal trafficking in living cells are created; these have revealed a new level of spatiotemporal chemical organization within cells. Numerous types of chemical waves have been found in living cells expressing a great variety of physical properties. In this article I will review some of these basic findings, discuss these events in the context of information trafficking, and illustrate the potential implications of this work in medicine.
State-Space Decoding of Goal-Directed Movements

This article reviews an earlier recursive approach for computing such reach trajectories and presents a new nonrecursive approach, with computations that may be performed analytically for the most part, leading to a significant gain in the accuracy of the inferred trajectory while imposing a very small computational burden. Extensions of the approach are discussed including the incorporation of multiple target observations at different times, and multiple possible target locations.
Learning to See Teaching in New Ways: A Foundation for Maintaining Cognitive Demand

Students’ opportunities to learn how to think are embedded in the instructional tasks with which they are invited to engage in the classroom. Prior research has revealed that the selection and use of cognitively demanding tasks does not guarantee high-level student thinking during their enactment. To address this challenge, we designed and implemented a professional development (PD) in which participants analyzed video clips of the enactment of cognitively demanding science tasks. Using transcripts of pre- and post-PD interviews during which participants were asked to respond to specially selected video clips, we analyzed what the participants attended to and how they made sense of what they saw. The findings suggested a change in terms of a growing tendency to attend to teaching as constituted in the interaction of the teacher, students, and task and to adopt an interpretive stance while talking about what was seen in the video clip.
Fine-needle aspiration cytology of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma—A comparison study

The cytopathologic diagnosis of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma can be problematic as there are several components of the differential diagnosis that share common cytomorphologic features. In this study, we report the fine-needle aspiration (FNA) findings of 16 basaloid squamous cell carcinoma cases and compare those cases to 16 cases of small cell carcinoma. To our knowledge, this is the largest series of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma FNA cases ever reported. The following cytomorphologic features were compared for both tumors: cohesive tissue fragments, single cells, adenoid cystic-like features (cribriform pseudoglandular lumina with hyaline materials), necrosis, nuclear size, nuclear molding, nucleoli, cytoplasm, and the presence of single keratinized cells. Adenoid cystic-like features and the presence of single keratinized cells were specific for basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (P < 0.05).
Congenital uterine anomalies affecting reproduction

The following review seeks to summarise the current data regarding reproductive outcomes associated with congenital uterine anomalies. Such malformations originate from adverse embryologic events ranging from agenesis to lateral and vertical fusion defects. Associated renal anomalies are common both for the symmetric and asymmetric malformations. While fertility is minimally impacted upon by mullerian anomalies in most cases, such malformations have historically been associated with poor obstetric outcomes such as recurrent miscarriage, second trimester loss, preterm delivery, malpresentation and intrauterine foetal demise (IUFD). The following review delineates the existing literature regarding such outcomes and indicates therapies, where applicable, to optimise the care of such patients.
Quantitative Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) to Measure Serum Levels of Total Murine Immunoglobulin

1. Coating antibody: goat anti-mouse IgX* unlabeled (Southern Biotech) Note: IgX*: the isotype of the Ig you wish to detect. 2. Murine immunoglobulin of the desired isotype (SigmaAldrich, catalog number: M5284) 3. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated goat anti-mouse isotype specific antibodies (Southern Biotech) 4. 2,2'-Azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS) Peroxidase Substrate Solution A (Kirkegaard & Perry Laboratories, catalog number: 50-64-00) 5. ABTS Peroxidase Substrate Solution B (Kirkegaard & Perry Laboratories, catalog number: 50-65-00) 6. ABTS Peroxidase Stop Solution (Kirkegaard & Perry Laboratories, catalog number: 5085-01) 7. 10x PBS-Tween 20 (see Recipes) 8. Blocking solution (see Recipes)
Focus on Family: Peer Play Dates: Making Friends and Facilitating Prosocial Skills

The big day has finally arrived. Four-year-old Becky waits patiently by the window watching the cars in the neighborhood cul-de-sac. Mom smiles as she looks at the play room. The room is organized ...
Use of the Internet in STD/HIV Prevention

214 The Internet has been identified as a risk environment for STDs, including HIV, for several years. Like the HIV epidemic itself, this online risk environment rapidly increased in importance, and revealed critical areas of the public health infrastructure that require new expertise and support. In the first section of this chapter, we will discuss the risk environment of the Internet, with most of the focus on men who have sex with men (MSM). The second half of the chapter will focus on the potential of the Internet for facilitating STD/HIV prevention, health education, outbreak awareness, and other public health interventions. In times of rapid change, public health officials often learn by trial and error in the interest of expediency, rather than taking the time to establish careful, scientific evaluations of new interventions. Such is the case with the Internet; thus, while we describe many Internet-based interventions here, we have very little data to support the feasibility, acceptability, efficacy, costeffectiveness, and generalizability of these efforts.
Brain BDNF expression as a biomarker for cognitive reserve against Alzheimer disease progression.

Despite great scientific efforts to find treatments for Alzheimer disease (AD), only 5 medications are marketed, with limited beneficial effects on symptoms, on a limited proportion of patients, without modification of the disease course. The prevalence of AD doubles every 5 years, reaching the alarming rate of 50% in those aged 85 years and older. In the context of the demographic trends of modern society, where the elderly are the fastest growing segment of the population, identification of new therapeutic targets that may prevent, delay, or cure AD is critically needed.
Reducing Research Costs with Google Scholar

Google Scholar is an online legal research service that attorneys often overlook when researching. For free, you can find federal and state cases, as well as secondary sources. This article discusses key features and limitations of Google Scholar that are not commonly known. The tips in this article will help you impress your colleagues and clients.
What Is a Gene

A series of recent developments in biology and chemistry has greatly increased our understanding of the structure, function, replication and mutation of genetic material. Beginning with the work of Avery and his collaborators on pneumococcal transforming principles, evidence that the primary genetic information is carried in the form of desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) has become quite strong.
Observation of infant monkeys by female monkeys.

This paper reports an exploratory study attempting to isolace one aspect of the maternal affectional system of rhesus monkeys (Harlow, 1960). Specifically, the visual incentive value of infant monkeys was measured in nulliparous adults and in multiparous animals before and after parturition. METHOD Sz~b jects Fifteen mature female rhesus monkeys from the colony maintained at the Wisconsin Primate Laboratory served as Ss. There were three groups of five each. Gravid multiparous Ss, Numbers R-65, 341, R-15, 313, and G-7, comprised the experimental group, Group E. They were started in the apparatus approximately three weeks before their expected parcuricion, with actual days prior to delivery being 14 to 37 (mean, 22). A multiparous concrol group, Group M, contained nonpregnant mulriparous Ss, Numbers R-55, R-69, 302, 202, and 346, which had given birth rwo to four months prior. A second control group, N, consisted of nulliparous Ss, Numbers 376, 379, 389, 393, and 437, each showing consistent ovulatory cycles. Apparatus A modified visual exploration apparatus was constructed by removing the backs from two smaller single-door chambers of the type employed by Butler and Harlow (1954) and juxtaposing the open ends to form a 5-ft. by 1%-ft. rectangular chamber with a height of 25 in. This box rested on a 3-ft.-high platform. At opposite ends of the chamber and covering che openings that served as windows were two hinged, opaque doors 3% in. by 4 in., equipped with light springs. Opening a door 2 in. simultaneously activated an electronic counter and a Standard Electric timer which ran as long as S held the door open. Only one door could be opened in a 15-sec. period, which started with che automatic withdrawal of a metal shield in front of each door and ended wich repositioning of the shields for a 15-sec. intertrial period. Illumination in the chamber was provided by a 60-w shielded light bulb fixed at each end above a 7-in.-diameter opening covered wich %-in. translucent plascic. Positioned at each end 15 in. distant from the chamber were two identical
427 RECOVERY OF SPERMATOGENESIS AFTER ANDROGEN-PROGESTIN THERAPY.

Context Male hormonal contraceptive methods are approaching market. Factors predicting the reversibility of these methods have not been systematically examined. Objective To determine the time and potential modulating covariables required for sperm density to recover to normal after androgen or androgen-progestin therapy sufficient for contraceptive purposes and to characterize other semen parameters as sperm density recovers. Design An integrated multivariate stepwise and best-subset Cox proportional hazards analysis of all published studies of at least 3 months9 treatment duration. Individual subject, not just summary, data were directly collected from individual investigators concerning studies published 1990-2005, which assessed subjects monthly until sperm density recovered to normal (to 20 M/mL). Setting 29 separate studies spanning the globe. Participants 1,549 normal (by physical, blood, and semen exam) men aged 19-51 years of predominantly Caucasian (two-thirds) or Asian (one-third) descent. This represents 1,283.5 patient years of treatment and 705 patient years of recovery and includes > 97% of all the published data. Intervention(s) Men were treated with testosterone (T) with or without progestin for 3 to 18 months. Results Sperm density recovered to normal after 3.4 (3.2-3.5 95% CI) months in 50% of all subjects (Kaplan-Meier). Slower recovery occurred with very prolonged treatment, Caucasian ethnicity, and with longer-acting T preparations. For a typical male, aged 35 years of Caucasian descent, treated for 1 year with intramuscular T undecanoate, the median recovery time was 4.6 (4.1-5.0) months. These times were 4.1 (3.9-4.6), 5.3 (4.9-6.3), and 3.0 (2.8-3.6), months if the male was of Asian descent, treated for 1.5 years, or treated with T enanthate, respectively. Faster recovery was predicted by greater age, faster suppression of spermatogenesis, higher baseline sperm density, and lower baseline blood LH; however, although significant, these adjusted-effect sizes were small. From multivariate model analyses, the probability of recovery within 6, 12, 16, and 24 months was 67 (61-72), 90 (85-93), 96 (92-98), and 100%, respectively. Recovery to lower sperm thresholds (3 M/mL and 10 M/mL) tracked recovery to 20 M/mL and sperm morphology and motility closely followed recovery of sperm density. Conclusion We have identified important predictors and quantified expected probabilities of recovery. This is critical for the utilization of male hormonal contraceptive regimens.
Analysis Automobile Configuration Management of TcAE

This paper describes the product configuration management,making the design of automobile development process more accurate,and complete data check-up while the phase of design,at the same time,short the development cycles,and through configuration management,provide more realistic and more perfect data for the virtual assessment.
Covalently Linked Dimer of Mn3 Single-Molecule Magnets and Retention of Its Structure and Quantum Properties in Solution.

[Mn3O(O2CMe)3(dpd)3/2)]2(I3)2 has been obtained from the reaction of 1,3-di(pyridin-2-yl)propane-1,3-dione dioxime (dpdH2) with triangular [MnIII3O(O2CMe)(py)3](ClO4). It comprises two [MnIII3O]7+ triangular units linked covalently by three dioximate ligands into a [Mn3]2 dimer. Solid state dc and ac magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal that each Mn3 subunit of the dimer is a separate single-molecule magnet (SMM) with an S = 6 ground state and that the two SMM units are very weakly ferromagnetically exchange coupled. High-frequency EPR spectroscopy on a single crystal displays signal splittings indicative of quantum superposition/entanglement of the two SMMs, and parallel studies on MeCN/toluene (1:1) frozen solutions reveal the same spectral features. The dimer thus retains its structure and inter-Mn3 coupling upon dissolution. This work establishes that covalently linked molecular oligomers of exchange-coupled SMMs can be prepared that retain their oligomeric nature and attendant inter-SMM quantu...
Results of fertility preserving operations in malignant ovarian tumors

Indication for fertility preserving surgery results from the patient's age, the histologic tumor type and the stage of the ovarian malignancy. Approximately 80-85 % of these lesions are ovarian cancers. 10-15 % tumors with low malignant potential (LMP) and approx. 5 % germ cell tumors. Of the ovarian cancers approx. 15 % of LMP tumors 50 %, and of germ cell tumors more than 90 % occur in patients below 40 years of age, in which fertility preserving surgery might be considered. An adequate operative staging permits a conservative procedure for ovarian cancers stage Ia. Due to the good prognosis of LMP-tumors (10 year survival, all stages, approx. 90 %) and the low rate of recurrences after conservative surgery of 6.8 % (10/147), a fertility preserving operation is feasible in select cases also in more advanced stages than Ia. In cases of germ cell tumors, which in the majority of cases are unilateral, even if the tumor extends beyond the ovaries, an adnexectomy will suffice. A successful chemotherapy, e.g. with bleomycin, etoposid, and cisplatin leads to remission rates of > 90 %. The reduced number of patients treated according to the above criteria in 90 % had a normal menstrual cycle after surgery and chemotherapy. Besides numerous case reports on successful pregnancies, there are also reports in literature on results in larger patients groups. Thus it has been reported that of 99 patients with an ovarian cancer stage I. 56 underwent conservative surgery. Child-bearing desire, present in 17 of these women, could be fulfilled in all cases (Colombo et al. 1995). Bianci and coworkers also described successful pregnancies (14/48) after conservative treatment of tumors of LMP. Numerous case reports have been published showing that after fertility preserving surgery of germ cell tumors pregnancies may also be successful. Since especially in ovarian cancers recurrences may occur at a later time, a hysterectomy with removal of the contralateral adnexa is suggested after complete family planning or when the patient enters the menopause. The possibilities offered by in vitro-fertilization have theoretically enlarged the spectrum of fertility preserving surgery. Thus, individual authors propose the conservation of the uterus after bilateral ovarectomy-keeping the option of a pregnancy by oocyte donation open for the patient. As further alternative conservation of a restovary after removal of the uterus and one adnexa is discussed. In these cases the patient's oocytes are preserved for feasible in vitro-fertilization in a "substitute" mother. Results of such fertility preserving procedures have not yet been published.
A New Schiff Base Chemodosimeter: Selective Colorimetric and Fluorescent Detection of Fe (III) Ion

A new efficient chemosensor 1 was prepared, for the detection of Fe(3+) in solutions as a colorimetric and fluorescent sensor. The visual and fluorescent behaviors of the receptor toward various metal ions were also explored. The receptor shows exclusive response toward Fe(3+) ions and also distinguishes Fe(3+) from other cations by color change and fluorescence enhancement in hydroalcoholic solution (MeOH/H2O = 9/1, v/v). Thus, the receptor can be used as a colorometric and fluorescent sensor for the determination of Fe(3+) ion. The fluorescence microscopy experiments showed that the chemosensor is efficient for detection of Fe(3+) in vitro, developing a good image of the biological organelles. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
A Randomized Clinical Trial of a Tailored Lifestyle Intervention for Obese, Sedentary, Primary Care Patients

PURPOSE The aim of the study was to test a tailored lifestyle intervention for helping obese primary care patients achieve weight loss and increase physical activity. METHODS We conducted a 24-month randomized clinical trial in Rhode Island. Primary care physicians identified obese, sedentary patients motivated to lose weight and increase their moderate to vigorous physical activity. These patients were randomized to 1 of 2 experimental groups: enhanced intervention (EI) or standard intervention (SI). Both groups received 3 face-to-face weight loss meetings. The enhanced intervention group also received telephone counseling calls, individually tailored print materials, and DVDs focused on diet and physical activity. Active intervention occurred in year 1 with a tapered maintenance phase in year 2. RESULTS Two hundred eleven obese, sedentary patients were recruited from 24 primary care practices. Participants were 79% women and 16% minorities. They averaged 48.6 years of age, with a mean body mass index (BMI) of 37.8 kg/m2, and 21.2 minutes/week of moderate to vigorous physical activity. Significantly more EI participants lost 5% of their baseline weight than SI participants (group by visit, P CONCLUSION A home-based tailored lifestyle intervention in obese, sedentary primary care patients was effective in promoting weight loss and increasing moderate to vigorous physical activity, with the effects peaking at 12 months but waning at 24 months.
Learning Through Collaboration

In 2009, the Alliance for the Advancement of Florida’s Academic Women in Chemistry and Engineering (AAFAWCE, 2013), an energetic and talented team of academic women from the science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) and social science disciplines, embarked on an ambitious project to increase the recruitment, retention, and advancement of academic women at our five Florida universities: University of South Florida (USF, lead institution), Florida State University (FSU), University of Florida (UF), Florida International University (FIU), and Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University (FAMU).
COMMENTARY: SOME ISSUES IN CONCEPT LEARNING

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the summary of Lebowitz's presentation of his paper “The Utility of Similarity-based Learning (SBL) in a World Needing Explanation” at IMAL/86 at Les Arcs, France. One of Lebowitz's points is that in human endeavors the investigation of similarity often precedes the discovery of causality. For example, a theory of climate may begin by noticing the coincidence of events such as volcanic eruption, altered oceanic currents, and severe droughts. Another of Lebowitz's points is that because techniques for SBL can easily incorporate probability and statistics, these methods can be error-resilient and can improve generalizations over a period of time. Thus, SBL is well suited for real world application. Finally, Lebowitz states that, “similarity-based and explanation-based methods can complement each other in important ways”. SBL and EBL mesh well because they both use abstract attributes to describe objects, and each method has something that the other method does not have.
Enhanced coupling strength grating out-couplers in III–V waveguides

A thin, low-index liner layer and a high-index cover layer over a surface grating in a III–V waveguide theoretically increases the outcoupling efficiency by one or two orders of magnitude. The liner and cover layer also reduces losses between waveguide components such as distributed feedback (DBR) or grating out-coupler region.
Alternating duration of ventricular paced cycles during automatic mode switching of a DDDR pacemaker.

This report describes the response of a Vitatron Diamond II DDDR pacemaker to atrial flutter in a patient who developed alternating duration of the ventricular paced cycles during automatic mode switching to the DDIR mode. This device activates mode switching on a beat-to-beat basis and exhibits “ventricular hysteresis” in the DDIR mode when an atrial sensed event is detected during the period corresponding with the AV delay prior to emission of the ventricular stimulus. Such unusual behavior must not be interpreted as pacemaker malfunction.
Workforce management in omnichannel service centers with heterogeneous channel response urgencies

Abstract Workforce staffing and assignment decisions are of critical importance for meeting the challenge of minimizing operational costs while providing satisfactory customer service. These decisions are particularly challenging for omnichannel service centers, where customers can request services via different communication channels (e.g., phone, e-mail, live-chat, social media) that have different service quality and response requirements. We present a formulation of the omnichannel workforce management problem that accounts for variations in response urgencies of different channels as well as diminishing agent performances due to channel switching. We develop an algorithm that efficiently provides solutions for this problem and determines the number and channel allocation of service agents within the service center. Through numerical experiments, we study the performance of the algorithm among various service center configurations with equal cost characteristics. The results indicate that the proposed algorithm can identify service center structures that outperform many alternative structures, including those commonly-adopted in the real-world.
Pharmacological Treatment of Obesity

Obesity is a chronic disease resulting in major morbidity and premature death globally. Current pharmacological treatments are not fully acceptable because of their poor safety and efficacy. Obesity is also associated with other serious complications such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular disease etc. Because of its complex nature there is a need for safe and efficacious long-term pharmacological treatment. One treatment approach is not sufficient to manage complex pathological circuitry of obesity. Recently, several novel targets have been proposed that control energy homeostasis and prevent obesity. Although, newer drugs are years away from clinical use, the hope for research investments made to date is translation into safe and effective pharmacological treatment in the future. The goal of this chapter is to describe the latest strategies of pharmacological treatment that are under development, which may finally be used in future.
A Frequency-Folded ADC Channelizer With Digital Equalization and Relaxed Anti-Alias Filtering

This paper presents a mixed-signal broadband channelizer that employs digital post-processing for reducing the analog anti-aliasing requirement in an N-path frequency-folding receiver architecture. In the approach, a signal of bandwidth $\mathsf {Nf_{LO}/2}$ is downconverted using $\mathsf {N}$ phases of a rectangular pulse waveform at a fundamental frequency of $\mathsf {f_{LO}}$ with a duty-cycle of $\mathsf {1/N}$ . All parts of the input are aliased onto a baseband signal of bandwidth $\mathsf {f_{LO}/2}$ , which is low-pass filtered and applied to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), with each path employing identical sampling clocks. A digital equalization technique is described that can be utilized to recover the complete broadband input similar to a high-speed ADC, or recover each channelized and down-converted sub-band, similar to a bank of mixers while performing digital-domain harmonic and image rejection. The equalization technique is analyzed in the context of a previously demonstrated channelizer IC. It is shown that the application of the equalization can result in 50-dB broadband SNR over 1-GHz input bandwidth, using eight paths with 10-bit sub-ADCs, with third-order anti-aliasing analog filters. Signal reconstruction methodologies for a multi-tone input and for signals that are aperiodic in the processing window are also described.
Spatial and topological data models

Spatial and topological data models are increasingly important in business applications such as urban development planning, transportation and traffic control, decision support in agriculture, pollution and environment analysis, fire and flood prevention, etc. that require handling spatial and topological data more efficiently and more effectively than older models, for example the relational data model. In this survey we compare several alternative spatial and topological data models: the Spaghetti Data Model, the Vague Region Data Model, the Topological Data Model, Worboys Spatiotemporal Data Model and the Constraint Data Model. We first describe how spatial and/or topological data are represented and give examples for each data model. We also illustrate by examples the use of an appropriate query language for each data model.
The esterases of Drosophila. I. The anodal esterases and their possible role in eclosion.

Abstract The ontogeny of esterase activity was analyzed electrophoretically throughout the development of Drosophila pseudoobscura. The major adult enzyme form, Esterase 5, and several minor components, showed no important developmental variation. A group of several rapidly migrating (anodal) esterases, in contrast, accumulated maximum activity during late pupal stages, but was completely absent in newly emerged adults. This disappearance was not the result of some rapid inactivation, for subsequent to eclosion these enzymatic forms could be fully recovered from the discarded pupal case. Of the four additional Drosophila species examined, all but one displayed a similar pattern of ontogenesis. The possible role of these pupa-specific esterases is discussed.
Intimal Responses to Shear Stress, Hypercholesterolemia, and Hypertension

From the perspective of pathology, the three most common challenges to the intima of larger arteries are local disturbances of flow, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension. We have studied all three in one experimental system, the aorta of the rat. This chapter is a critical summary of these studies. As an introduction, we will examine some relevant features of our experimental model.
Flicker Limit Compliance Assessment in the Presence of Background Disturbances

Assessing voltage fluctuations in the power system is necessary to prevent negative impacts to customers and the connected equipment. A flickermeter can be used to measure a flicker severity level that is based on the total voltage fluctuation present at a measurement point. The flickermeter can only assess the total flicker level at the measurement point; it cannot identify any individual network user's contribution. For the purposes of limit compliance assessment, it is essential to have the ability to determine each user's contribution. A measurement algorithm for accomplishing this task is presented in this paper. The algorithm is based on using measured voltages and user currents to determine the user complex power, and from the complex power and an online estimate of the network impedance, estimate the voltage fluctuation that the user would produce, if acting alone, at the measurement point. These estimated voltage fluctuations are used as inputs to the flickermeter so that the resultant flicker severity value reflects only the contribution of the individual user. Fourteen weeks of field test results are correlated with user demand data to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach, and the traditional concepts of weekly percentiles, flicker summation, and background flicker are employed to validate the results.
Post-stay email marketing implications for the hotel industry: Role of email features, attitude, revisit intention and leisure involvement level:

Despite their widespread use in the hotel industry, limited research has been conducted on post-stay emails. Therefore, this study was designed to examine the effects of post-stay email features on...
There is an exception to every rule-T2-FLAIR mismatch sign in gliomas.

The T2-FLAIR mismatch sign, in which a low-grade glioma is hyperintense on T2-weighted MR and centrally hypointense on T2-weighted FLAIR MR, has been reported as 100% specific for IDH-mutant astrocytomas in several series. We report several cases of “false positive” T2-FLAIR mismatch sign occurring outside the context of IDH-mutant astrocytomas, predominantly in children or young adults with pediatric-type gliomas. These results suggest caution in the interpretation of the T2-FLAIR mismatch sign in the pediatric glioma population.
Predicting asymptomatic cervical dilation in pregnant patients with short mid-trimester cervical length: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction Second trimester asymptomatic cervical dilation is a significant risk factor for early preterm birth. The objective of this study is to evaluate whether transvaginal ultrasound cervical length (CL) predicts asymptomatic cervical dilation on physical exam in women with short cervix (CL ≤25 mm) and no prior preterm birth. Material and methods Secondary analysis of a randomized trial on pessary in asymptomatic singletons without prior preterm birth diagnosed with CL ≤25 mm between 18+0/7 and 23+6/7 weeks. Participants had transvaginal ultrasound and physical cervical exam and were randomized to pessary or no pessary with all patients with cervical length ≤20 mm offered vaginal progesterone. The primary outcome was to determine whether CL was predictive of asymptomatic physical cervical dilation ≥1 cm using receiver operating characteristic curve. Results In all, 119 women were included. Based on receiver operating characteristic curve, CL ≤11 mm was best predictive of cervical dilation ≥1 cm, with 75% sensitivity, 80% specificity, and area under the curve 0.73 (0.55-0.91), P = 0.009. Cervical length ≤11 mm had increased incidence of cervical dilation ≥1 cm on physical exam (30% vs 3%, odds ratio 12.29 (3.05-49.37) P 11 mm. Conclusions Among singletons without prior preterm birth diagnosed with short cervix (≤25 mm), CL ≤11 mm may identify a subgroup of patients at high risk for asymptomatic cervical dilation and poor perinatal outcome. Physical exam should be considered and adjunctive preterm birth prevention measures should be studied in singletons with CL ≤11 mm.
Stochastic vs. Deterministic Scheduling of a Combined Natural Gas and Power System with Uncertain Wind Energy

Abstract We compare approaches for addressing uncertainty in the joint scheduling of a combined power and gas system, with the goal of minimizing the total cost of meeting demands for gas and electricity, while satisfying operational and equilibrium constraints. A stochastic programming model and a deterministic model with reserves are formulated to investigate the hourly unit commitment and economic dispatch in the power system as well as the hourly working schedule of the natural gas system. The deterministic model uses reserves proportional to the wind energy forecast to mitigate the effect of the uncertainty in wind energy, whereas the stochastic programming model makes the day-ahead decisions while explicitly considering the wind energy uncertainty. Nonlinear constraints on the gas flows in pipelines are linearized with binary variables where, based on numerical experimentation, the number of piecewise linear segments is chosen to balance accuracy and computational efficiency. A six-bus power system with a seven-node gas system and the IEEE 24-bus power system with adjusted Belgian 20-node gas system are analyzed. The simulation results indicate that, when the total wind capacity exceeds 15% of the conventional generation capacity, the stochastic programming model produces schedules with comparable or lower cost and energy shortages than the deterministic model with reserves.