cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
DNA methylation affects the cell cycle transcription of the CtrA global regulator in Caulobacter

The Caulobacter chromosome changes progressively from the fully methylated to the hemimethylated state during DNA replication. These changes in DNA methylation could signal differential binding of regulatory proteins to activate or repress transcription. The gene encoding CtrA, a key cell cycle regulatory protein, is transcribed from two promoters. The P1 promoter fires early in S phase and contains a GAnTC sequence that is recognized by the CcrM DNA methyltransferase. Using analysis of CcrM mutant strains, transcriptional reporters integrated at different sites on the chromosome, and a ctrA P1 mutant, we demonstrate that transcription of the P1 promoter is repressed by DNA methylation. Moreover moving the native ctrA gene to a position near the chromosomal terminus, which delays the conversion of the ctrA promoter from the fully to the hemimethylated state until late in the cell cycle, inhibited ctrA P1 transcription, and altered the time of accumulation of the CtrA protein and the size distribution of swarmer cells. Together, these results show that CcrM-catalyzed methylation adds another layer of control to the regulation of ctrA expression.
High Resistivity InAIN by Nitrogen or Oxygen Implantation

We report on the isolation properties of In0.75Al0.25N implanted with either N or O for several doses and post-implant anneal temperatures. Sheet resistance versus anneal temperature data are reported for the various implants with a maximum sheet resistance of <1×109 Ω/□ achieved for a high dose N-implant annealed at 600 or 700 °C and <5×108 Ω/□ achieved for a high dose O-implant annealed at 600 °C. These sheet resistances correspond to a greater than three order of magnitude increase over the as-grown values. The compensating defect level for the highest resistance N-implanted sample has an estimate ionization level 580 meV below the conduction band edge. Implant isolation of InAIN is also compared to oxygen implant isolation of InxGa1-xN — where only a 50 to 100 fold increase in sheet resistance is observed — to study the effect of Al in the isolation scheme.
Cost-Efficient network improvement to achieve maximum path diversity

Communication networks are prone to failures due to targeted attacks or large-scale disasters. Networks can be improved to withstand challenges using mechanisms such as diversity, which can simply be improved by adding links, however achieving maximum resilience is not feasible due to limited budget. Therefore, algorithms that improve the diversity of networks cost-efficiently are necessary. In this paper, we present a heuristic algorithm that adds links to improve the diversity of the graph while minimizing the cost of link addition. We analyze the flow robustness of non- and improved graphs against targeted attacks. Our results indicate that path-diversity-improved graphs are more resilient to attacks than graphs improved by adding links to the lowest degree nodes.
Transmission Probability Control Game for Coexisting Random ALOHA Wireless Networks in Unlicensed Bands

In this paper, we consider N ad hoc networks, with nodes randomly and uniformly distributed, coexisting and sharing an unlicensed band. The objective of this paper is the optimization of the transmission probabilities in these networks to maximize the throughput in each network. Throughput in each system is limited by the self interference (the interference inflicted by a network on its own nodes) as well as the interference from the other networks. We consider the coexisting wireless networks being independent and random. Each network uses a random access method with its own transmission attempt probability. We show that the throughput in each network depends on the choice of transmission probabilities of all networks. We use the game theory approach to solve the transmission probability control problem. Simulation result indicate that at the Nash equilibrium a closely optimal solution can be obtained. We also consider the fairness and show that the transmission chances of systems are fairly equalized at the NE solutin. This contrasts with the centralized solution in which there is high discrepancy among the transmission probabilities.
Some early descriptions of aurorae in China

Eight accounts from ancient Chinese literature have been found that describe phenomena in contexts and in metaphors that are distinctly auroral. These accounts relate to personages purported to have lived in the third millennium B.C. The historicity of the personages and the actual dates of their lives are still a matter of controversy. Thus the accounts should be considered at a minimum as valuable additions to the inventory of ancient allusions to the aurora. At the other extreme, if taken at face value, they document the occurrence of low-latitude aurorae in the third millennium B.C.
769 ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS OF STUDENT-PATIENT INTERACTION ON PEDIATRIC SERVICES: A STUDY OF PEDIATIC CHAIRPERSONS

Should parents be informed that medical students may perform invasive procedures on their children? Surveys were sent to all university pediatric dept. chairpersons (n=124) to ascertain policy governing ethical aspects of student involvement in the care of children. Surveys were returned from 99 chairpersons (80%). Seventy percent of pediatric departments specifically inform parents that students will be involved in the general care of their children but only 8% of depts. specifically obtain permission for student participation in all aspects of care. Depts. were less likely to obtain specific permission for involvement in noninvasive aspects of care (18%) than in invasive aspects (46%). The common explanation was the presumption that students are part of the hospital team; therefore specific permission for their participation was not necessary (60%). Fourteen percent of chairpersons felt that seeking permission for student involvement in some aspects of care might, through parental rejection, be detrimental to the students' education. With respect to invasive procedures 65% of depts. invoked the team concept - “we will do it together” while 4% actually informed parents that students would perform the procedures. There is considerable variability in the approach to the ethical issues surrounding student involvement with pediatric patients, and thus variability in conforming with federal and JCAH guidelines.
Clinical and serologic observations in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and their relatives.

The clinical and laboratory features of 50 subjects with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis are reviewed. The frequency of systemic manifestations is emphasized, but such involvement appears to be of little prognostic significance. Rheumatoid factor was detected in 87 per cent by the sheep cell inhibition test while the more commonly used tests were positive in 29 to 40 per cent. The incidence of positive reactions correlated with subcutaneous nodules but not with any other features of the disease. Serologic and clinical studies of 97 relatives of 28 subjects revealed that 8 per cent had rheumatoid arthritis. Eighteen per cent of all the relatives, and 15 per cent of the asymptomatic ones had positive rheumatoid factor tests. These findings suggest that rheumatoid arthritis in children is similar to the disease seen in adults and is modified only by the response of the less mature subject to an as yet ill-defined stimulus.
CITES and the sustainable management ofSwietenia macrophyllaKing: Is there a future for mahogany?Edited by Andrew MacLellan

Abstract The merits and applicability of CITES to the management of mahogany ( Swietenia macrophylla King) are assessed. Emphasis is placed on the necessity for trade regulation in order to encourage the sustainable management of S. macrophylla , including the protection of adequate population and genetic resources throughout its range.
Performance Measurement: A System with a Purpose or a Purposeless System?

Performance measurement has been lauded as a tool that would increase managerial discretion while ensuring accountability to stakeholders. The challenges of developing such a system that can accomplish both ends have been more difficult than originally conceived. Typically, performance measurement systems lack sophisticated measures, limiting their use for purposes of improved productivity. Managers are expected to increase performance by utilizing insufficient measures. This paper discusses some of the challenges that remain in developing a performance measurement system that may serve both purposes—improved performance and accountability
IMPACT OF MALPRACTICE CAPS ON USE AND OUTCOMES OF RADICAL CYSTECTOMY FOR BLADDER CANCER: DATA FROM THE SURVEILLANCE, EPIDEMIOLOGY, AND END RESULTS PROGRAM

Purpose: The impact of malpractice awards on insurance premiums and health care delivery generates much concern. To our knowledge no data exist regarding the impact of caps, or upper limits, on awards for noneconomic damages (also termed pain and suffering) on health care delivery patterns or outcomes. We investigated the effect of caps on the use of and outcomes following aggressive surgical treatment (radical cystectomy) in patients with bladder cancer. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with bladder cancer who underwent radical cystectomy, identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program database. Cystectomy rates and post-cystectomy disease specific survival were compared between SEER regions with and without a cap, while controlling for other variables. Results: A significantly greater proportion of patients with stages III and IV bladder cancer underwent cystectomy in SEER regions with a cap. Cap status was a significant predictor of survival from bladder cancer. Conclusions: Radical cystectomy for bladder cancer is performed more often even for advanced bladder cancer in geographic regions with a cap with a positive impact on survival. The institution of caps may have beneficial effects on patterns of health care beyond that of merely decreasing insurance premium costs.
Low Cost, Scalable Proteomics Data Analysis Using Amazon's Cloud Computing Services and Open Source Search Algorithms

One of the major difficulties for many laboratories setting up proteomics programs has been obtaining and maintaining the computational infrastructure required for the analysis of the large flow of proteomics data. We describe a system that combines distributed cloud computing and open source software to allow laboratories to set up scalable virtual proteomics analysis clusters without the investment in computational hardware or software licensing fees. Additionally, the pricing structure of distributed computing providers, such as Amazon Web Services, allows laboratories or even individuals to have large-scale computational resources at their disposal at a very low cost per run. We provide detailed step-by-step instructions on how to implement the virtual proteomics analysis clusters as well as a list of current available preconfigured Amazon machine images containing the OMSSA and X!Tandem search algorithms and sequence databases on the Medical College of Wisconsin Proteomics Center Web site (http://pro...
Pregnancy After Infertility

The perinatal nurse has an opportunity to provide specialized nursing care to couples who have achieved pregnancy after infertility. The emotional aspects of infertility and their relationship to the prenatal and early postpartum period are explored.
The Effect of Information Presentation on Beliefs About the Benefits of Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Importance For stable angina, the benefits of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are limited to symptom relief, but patients often believe that PCI prevents myocardial infarction (MI). Whether presenting accurate information about the benefits of PCI would dispel these beliefs remains unknown. We hypothesized that explanatory information would be more effective for influencing volunteers’ beliefs. Objective To assess the effect of explicit and explanatory information on participants’ beliefs about PCI and their willingness to choose it. Design, Setting, and Participants We conducted a randomized trial in 2012 among adults older than 50 years living in the general community. We recruited participants using the Internet. Interventions Participants read 1 of 3 scenarios in which they experienced class I angina and were referred to a cardiologist. The cardiologist provided no information about the effects of PCI on MI risk, a specific statement that PCI does not reduce MI risk, or an explanation of why PCI does not reduce MI risk. Main Outcomes and Measures Participants’ beliefs about the benefit of PCI and choice of PCI and medication. Results A total of 1257 participants (90.0%) completed the survey; 54.5% chose PCI. Compared with those receiving explicit and explanatory information, those receiving no information were most likely to believe that PCI prevents MI (71.0% vs 38.7% vs 30.6%, respectively;P Conclusions and Relevance In the setting of mild, stable angina, most people assume PCI prevents MI and are likely to choose it. Explicit information can partially overcome that bias and influence decision making. Explanatory information was the most effective intervention in overcoming this bias.
Solution of nonlinear kinematics of a parallel-link constrained Stewart platform manipulator

The Stewart platform manipulator is a fully parallel kinematic linkage system that has great advantages over typical serial link robots. However, one major problem in controlling this kind of manipulator is that, due to its closed kinematic chain and parallel-link constrained structure, it is impossible to derive an explicit kinematic solution. This paper proposes a simplified algorithm to numerically solve the forward kinematics of a six-links Stewart platform. Taking advantage of some fundamental geometric operations, the proposed algorithm involves only 3 nonlinear simultaneous equations. The explicit expressions are derived for some special configurations which can directly give the geometric limitations to motion in terms of the geometric dimensions of the platforms and the legs.
Linear theory of an electron cyclotron maser operating at the fundamental

The linear theory of an electron cyclotron maser (ECM) operating at the fundamental is developed. A set of analytic expressions, valid for all TE cavity modes, is derived for the starting current and frequency detuning using the Vlasov-Maxwell equations in the weakly relativistic limit. These results are applicable for an arbitrary electron velocity distribution as well as any longitudinal distribution of the RF field. It is shown that the starting current can be expressed in a simple form which contains the Fourier trans-form of the longitudinal field distribution. Analytic results are presented for specific longitudinal field variations, including uniform, sinusoidal, and Gaussian. It is found that the starting characteristics of an ECM are strongly influenced by the axial dependence of the RF field, but weakly affected by the velocity spread of the electron beam. The problem of multimode oscillation is treated in the linear theory by using a Slater expansion of the cavity field. The complete formulation for mode competition based on this expansion is presented and preliminary results are derived. This comprehensive analysis of ECM linear theory should be useful as a diagnostic of ECM performance and should facilitate comparison between theory and experiment.
Aerodynamics of a Yawed Blade in Reverse Flow

The retreating blades of rotorcraft operated at high advance ratios will experience reverse flow through a sector encompassing a wide range of blade azimuth angles. There is a great deal of uncertainty in the blade aerodynamic loads under these conditions. This is a limiting factor when trying to improve the flight speed envelope of helicopters. Previous studies and work have used two-dimensional aerodynamic approaches for the reverse flow area, making the assumption that aerodynamic forces behave similar in magnitude but opposite in direction. There have been no 3-dimensional considerations being taken into account nor was vortex induced lift considered. We hypothesize that the reverse blade flow field includes phenomena similar to the formation of a leading edge vortex on highly-swept, sharp-edges delta wings. An approach is being developed to understand aerodynamic contributions to blade loading beyond linear theory, where vortex-induced lift might be significant. Rotor blades at highly yawed angles relative to the wind can be thought of as very low aspect ratio wings. Since reverse airfoils are thought of as sharp edges, theoretically it should stand that a reverse finite wing at high yawed angles could be considered as a slender delta wing. The main aim of this work is to progress towards testing this above hypothesis. Experimental data is collected from a scaled version of a rotor blade exposed to the reverse flow at various azimuth positions representing the retreating side of the disc, in a 1.07m×1.07m low turbulence wind tunnel.© 2012 ASME
Family environments of women who return to college

This study investigated various aspects of the impact of family environments when mature married women return to college. Thirty-nine women who had returned to college and their husbands were compared to 39 nonreturnees and their husbands on the Moos Family Environment Scale and the Locke-Wallace Marital Adjustment Scale. It was found that there were both positive (e.g., intellectual-cultural) and negative (e.g., greater conflict) aspects of family environments of returning women. The findings' implications for counseling such populations of college women are discussed. The need for longitudinal studies in this area to determine the impact on the family created by a woman's return to school is suggested.
State Feedback and Output Feedback Control of Polynomial Nonlinear Systems Using Fractional Lyapunov Functions

In this paper, we will study the state feedback control problem of polynomial nonlinear systems using fractional Lyapunov functions. By adding constraints to bound the variation rate of each state, the general difficulty of calculating derivative of nonquadratic Lyapunov function is effectively overcome. As a result, the state feedback conditions are simplified as a set of Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs) with polynomial entries. Computationally tractable solution is obtained by Sum-of-Squares (SOS) decomposition. And it turns out that both of the Lyapunov matrix and the state feedback gain are state dependent fractional matrix functions, where the numerator as well as the denominator can be polynomials with flexible forms and higher nonlinearities involved in. Same idea is extended to a class of output dependent nonlinear systems and the stabilizing output feedback controller is specified as polynomial of output. Synthesis conditions are similarly derived as using constant Lyapunov function except that all entries in LMIs are polynomials of output with derivative of output involved in. By bounding the variation rate of output and gridding on the bounded interval, the LMIs are solvable by SOS decomposition. Finally, two examples are used to materialize the design scheme and clarify the various choices on state boundaries.Copyright © 2007 by ASME
Die Separation Strength for Deep Reactive Ion Etched Wafers

Typical micro-scale devices made via cleanroom processes are often produced in bulk quantities on a single wafer. Depending on the lateral dimensions of a device, as many as a few hundred can be manufactured on an individual wafer. With expensive required facilities and raw materials, industrial manufacturing of siliconbased electrical and MEMS devices demands mass production to remain economical. Fabrication facilities can optimize throughput by performing batch processes on large diameter wafers containing many die. While larger diameter wafers contain more devices, they can require an extensive amount of time and effort to separate the die in a clean and effective manner.
Characterization of Contact Kinematics and Application to the Design of Wedge Dampers in Turbomachinery Blading: Part 1—Stick-Slip Contact Kinematics

Friction dampers are often used in turbine design to attenuate blade vibration to acceptable levels so as to prolong blades’ service life. A wedge damper, also called a self-centering, blade-to-blade damper, can provide more design flexibility to meet various needs in different operating conditions when compared with conventional platform dampers. However, direct coupling of the two inclined friction interfaces of the wedge damper often leads to very complex contact kinematics. In Part I of this two-part paper, a dual-interface friction force model is proposed to investigate the coupling contact kinematics. The key issue of the model formulation is to derive analytical criteria for the stick-slip transitions that can be used to precisely simulate the complex stick-slip motion and, thus, the induced friction force as well. When considering cyclic loading, the induced periodic friction forces can be obtained to determine the effective stiffness and damping of the interfaces over a cycle of motion. In Part II of this paper, the estimated stiffness and damping are then incorporated with the harmonic balance method to predict the forced response of a blade constrained by wedge dampers.
The long thirteenth century of the Chachnama

The multi-genre Persian text Chachnama, written in Uch in 1226, represents a unique formulation of a possible future for a Muslim polity at the frontier and under immense duress. In its explicit linkage of a Muslim with a local pre-Islamic past within the site and milieu of its production, the Chachnama presents the beginnings of a new political theology. Long understood as a translation of an earlier text, it is instead a specifically imagined text that found political and romantic resonance in the histories of Uch and Sindh through the centuries. This article provides a close reading of the text to elucidate the ways in which it participates in varied genres and the socio-political claims it makes on historiography. It further traces the historiography surrounding the text and highlights the ways in which classificatory schema (such as genre) operate on analytical understandings of narratives.
Interrupting bile-acid handling and lipid and glucose control: Effects of colesevelam on glucose levels

The digestive tract plays a key role in lipid metabolism and in cardiovascular risk through the physiology of bile acids on lipid absorption, enterohepatic recycling of bile acids, and cholesterol oxidation in synthesis of bile acids. Recent evidence associates the activation of farnesoid X receptor by bile acids with alterations in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride metabolism, and glucose metabolism. Bile-acid sequestrants augment cholesterol excretion via enhanced conversion to bile acids to lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Several recent studies have demonstrated a role for the bile-acid sequestrant colesevelam hydrochloride in improving glycemic control as well as lipid profiles in subjects with type 2 diabetes. This work reviews the mechanisms of action of colesevelam hydrochloride in interrupting bile acid reabsorption and in lipid transport and glucose control.
Reseñista en busca de autor

Vida feliz de un joven llamado Esteban. Santiago Gamboa. B.S.A., Barcelona, 2000, 348 pags.
Comparison with CLPX II airborne data using DMRT model

In this paper, we considered a physical-based model which use numerical solution of Maxwell Equations in three-dimensional simulations and apply into Dense Media Radiative Theory (DMRT). The model is validated in two specific dataset from the second Cold Land Processes Experiment (CLPX II) at Alaska and Colorado. The data were all obtain by the Ku-band (13.95GHz) observations using airborne imaging polarimetric scatterometer (POLSCAT). Snow is a densely packed media. To take into account the collective scattering and incoherent scattering, analytical Quasi-Crystalline Approximation (QCA) and Numerical Maxwell Equation Method of 3-D simulation (NMM3D) are used to calculate the extinction coefficient and phase matrix. DMRT equations were solved by iterative solution up to 2nd order for the case of small optical thickness and full multiple scattering solution by decomposing the diffuse intensities into Fourier series was used when optical thickness exceed unity. It was shown that the model predictions agree with the field experiment not only co-polarization but also cross-polarization. For Alaska region, the input snow structure data was obtain by the in situ ground observations, while for Colorado region, we combined the VIC model to get the snow profile.
CSR Stuck in a Logical Trap: A Response to Pietra Rivoli and Sandra Waddock's “‘First They Ignore You…’: The Time-Context Dynamic and Corporate Responsibility”

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) discussions often fall prey to a logical trap. If some socially desirable activity is profitable, then it is best described as “intelligent operation of the business” and thus CSR is irrelevant. If the socially desirable activity is not profitable, then companies will not voluntarily undertake it unless required to do so by law or regulation, and thus CSR will be ineffective. The concept of CSR is “intensely confused” because in both the above cases it is not a useful construct. Rivoli and Waddock propose to get out of this logical trap by analyzing CSR “in a more dynamic, time- and context-dependent manner.” Unfortunately, the presumed escape route turns out to be a dead end. CSR is best defined as: a company has a corporate social responsibility to voluntarily undertake socially desirable behavior that decreases the firm's profits. Laws and regulation are much more effective than CSR at inducing firms to implement socially desirable behavior that reduces firm profits.
Re-thinking fashion trade shows: creating conversations through mobile tagging

In this paper we discuss our explorations encouraging discussion and information exchange in high-bandwidth, real-time settings such as trade shows, fairs and conferences. We detail the iterative construction and planned testing of the "PittiMobi" system, a mobile phone system designed to augment face to face communication between buyers, sellers and the press at a series of fashion trade shows. A platform for the creation of viral digital conversations that link people at physical gatherings is envisioned and discussed as a tool for further study.
Improving Materials Selection in a Mechanical Engineering Capstone Course

The Capstone Design course in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Northeastern University requires students to build a physical prototype by the end of the two semester sequence. Although students have long been required to take an introductory materials science course as part of their curriculum, there was concern that materials selection was a weakness in the design process. Beginning in Fall 2011, the CES Edupack materials selection software was introduced into the Capstone Design class. The current work means to investigate: 1) how to assess designs for effective materials selection 2) whether the new software was actually used by the student teams and 3) whether there was evidence of improved materials selection in the projects that occurred after the new software was introduced. Final capstone design reports from 10 previous terms were examined to look for evidence of systematic materials selection procedures and clear discussion of materials properties as the basis for selecting a material. References to the software were also noted. Results show that 24% of the groups used the CES Edupack software in the first three terms that the software was available. In addition, there was an increase in the number of groups that used a systematic selection process based on research into published materials properties rather than choosing materials based on rough experimentation or convenience. Finally, there has been an increase in the number of projects which consider or incorporate composites, high temperature alloys, and advanced polymers as the software has increased awareness of these options.
Reaction Sintering of Zinc Ferrite during Constant Rates of Heating

The reaction sintering of equimolar quantities of zinc oxide and ferric oxide was investigated under conditions of constant rates of heating (1–10°C/min from room temperature to 1350°C) and the data were compared with those for a calcined, single-phase zinc ferrite powder. For the heating rate of 1°C/min, the densifications of the reaction-sintered sample and the calcined sample were approximately the same. However, as the heating rate increased, the density at any temperature increased slightly for the reaction-sintered sample but decreased slightly for the calcined powder. The factors responsible for this slight difference in sintering between the reaction-sintered sample and the calcined sample are discussed. For the constant heating rates used, the reaction was completed prior to any significant densification. Relative densities of >95% were obtained for both the reaction-sintered sample and the calcined sample under identical sintering conditions (1–10°C/min to 1350°C). Reaction sintering in a steep temperature gradient produced a nearly fully dense body prior to complete reaction; a composite microstructure consisting of fine zinc oxide grains in a matrix of zinc ferrite was obtained.
Effect of filament temperature on the chemical vapor deposition of fluorocarbon–organosilicon copolymers

The effect of filament temperature on the hot-filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) of fluorocarbon–organosilicon copolymer thin films from 1,3,5-trivinyl-1,3,5-trimethylcyclotrisiloxane (V3D3) and perfluorooctane sulfonyl fluoride (PFOSF) was examined. Significant changes in chemical structure occur as the filament temperature is varied, and these changes give rise to differences in thermal and mechanical properties. When the filament temperature is low, the films consist primarily of carbon-backbone polymer chains with siloxane ring pendant groups. When higher filament temperatures are used, the film structure consists of siloxane-backbone chains with some degree of crosslinking. Films produced with low filament temperatures have a greater degree of thermal stability and flexibility than those produced with high filament temperatures. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 2176–2185, 2004
Counseling Military Families

Issues of anticipation, separation, and reunion are concerns that families face when family members are subject to military deployment. In this article, the authors look at these issues and provide a depiction of what the families, the military, and family counselors can do to alleviate some of the related strain on family functioning.
Antidepressant Interactions with the NMDA NR1-1b Subunit

The targets for tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are known to be the serotonin and norepinephrine transport (reuptake) proteins which are embedded in presynaptic nerve terminals and function to bring these neurotransmitters from the synaptic cleft back into the presynaptic neuron. Using a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic fluorescence quenching, Stern-Volmer analysis, and protease protection assays, we have shown that therapeutics from each of these three classes of antidepressants bind to the extracellular S1S2 domain of the NR1-1b subunit of the NMDA receptor. These results are in agreement with recent work from our lab demonstrating the interaction of antidepressants with the S1S2 domain of the GluR2 subunit of the AMPA receptor, another member of the ionotropic glutamate receptor subfamily, as well as work from other labs, and continue the discussion of the involvement of ionotropic glutamate receptors in depression.
TOR Signaling Is a Determinant of Cell Survival in Response to DNA Damage

The conserved TOR (target of rapamycin) kinase is part of a TORC1 complex that regulates cellular responses to environmental stress, such as amino acid starvation and hypoxia. Dysregulation of Akt-TOR signaling has also been linked to the genesis of cancer, and thus, this pathway presents potential targets for cancer chemotherapeutics. Here we report that rapamycin-sensitive TORC1 signaling is required for the S-phase progression and viability of yeast cells in response to genotoxic stress. In the presence of the DNA-damaging agent methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), TOR-dependent cell survival required a functional S-phase checkpoint. Rapamycin inhibition of TORC1 signaling suppressed the Rad53 checkpoint-mediated induction of ribonucleotide reductase subunits Rnr1 and Rnr3, thereby abrogating MMS-induced mutagenesis and enhancing cell lethality. Moreover, cells deleted for RNR3 were hypersensitive to rapamycin plus MMS, providing the first demonstration that Rnr3 contributes to the survival of cells exposed to DNA damage. Our findings support a model whereby TORC1 acts as a survival pathway in response to genotoxic stress by maintaining the deoxynucleoside triphosphate pools necessary for error-prone translesion DNA polymerases. Thus, TOR-dependent cell survival in response to DNA-damaging agents coincides with increased mutation rates, which may contribute to the acquisition of chemotherapeutic drug resistance.
A Culturally Relevant Conceptualization of Depression: an Empirical Examination of the Factorial Structure of the Vietnamese Depression Scale

Background: Despite the high risk of depression among Vietnamese refugees, there has been insufficient attention to the psychometric properties of the most utilized scale, the Vietnamese Depression...
A Novel RING Finger Protein Complex Essential for a Late Step in Protein Transport to the Yeast Vacuole

Protein transport to the lysosome-like vacuole in yeast is mediated by multiple pathways, including the biosynthetic routes for vacuolar hydrolases, the endocytic pathway, and autophagy. Among the more than 40 genes required for vacuolar protein sorting (VPS) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mutations in the four class C VPS genes result in the most severe vacuolar protein sorting and morphology defects. Herein, we provide complementary genetic and biochemical evidence that the class C VPS gene products (Vps18p, Vps11p, Vps16p, and Vps33p) physically and functionally interact to mediate a late step in protein transport to the vacuole. Chemical cross-linking experiments demonstrated that Vps11p and Vps18p, which both contain RING finger zinc-binding domains, are components of a hetero-oligomeric protein complex that includes Vps16p and the Sec1p homologue Vps33p. The class C Vps protein complex colocalized with vacuolar membranes and a distinct dense membrane fraction. Analysis of cells harboring a temperature-conditional vps18 allele (vps18tsf) indicated that Vps18p function is required for the biosynthetic, endocytic, and autophagic protein transport pathways to the vacuole. In addition, vps18tsf cells accumulated multivesicular bodies, autophagosomes, and other membrane compartments that appear to represent blocked transport intermediates. Overproduction of either Vps16p or the vacuolar syntaxin homologue Vam3p suppressed defects associated with vps18tsf mutant cells, indicating that the class C Vps proteins and Vam3p may functionally interact. Thus we propose that the class C Vps proteins are components of a hetero-oligomeric protein complex that mediates the delivery of multiple transport intermediates to the vacuole.
Ad hominen or ad rem? Good autocorrelation or bad?

Rodriguez et al.1 have invoked two defences against my commentary2 on their recent report of an association between Republican presidencies and infant mortality.3 First, they label my criticism as ‘ad hominen’. This powerful juju implies that I could find no fault in their argument and could discredit it only by discrediting them. I think most readers of IJE will find my criticisms entirely ad rem. I, moreover, had no need to resort to ad hominem criticism since the paper in question presented much to criticize. Second, the authors claim that ARIMA modelling identifies and controls for higher-order autocorrelation that arises from public policy and does not, therefore, provide a fair test of their hypothesis. To put it simply, the authors imply that autocorrelation in a time series divides into good and bad—bad includes that which makes the estimation of confidence intervals difficult whereas good includes that which induces association between the dependent and independent variables. They further claim that when they applied a (2,1,2) ARIMA model to the infant mortality data they still found an association. I believe I have a creditable record as a time-series analyst. As such, I can find no identification strategy by which a (2,1,2) ARIMA model would fit the US infant mortality series. As Bayes described long ago, whether association arising from shared autocorrelation makes us more confident about a causal argument depends on our ‘priors’. Those who believe, as a matter of political faith, that Republican presidents do bad things to the governed will find shared autocorrelation compelling evidence of causation. Those who want Republicans to govern will dismiss the association by citing, explicitly or intuitively, the Granger/Wiener causality theorem. The rest of us will go on wondering how to understand ‘political epidemiology’. How does it differ from political economy, policy analysis or programme evaluation? Can we agree a line at which it becomes rhetoric? And when we offer time-series associations as evidence, does whether we control for autocorrelation influence where we draw that line?
Convergence of Min-Sum Message-Passing for Convex Optimization

We establish that the min-sum message-passing algorithm and its asynchronous variants converge for a large class of unconstrained convex optimization problems, generalizing existing results for pairwise quadratic optimization problems. The main sufficient condition is that of scaled diagonal dominance. This condition is similar to known sufficient conditions for asynchronous convergence of other decentralized optimization algorithms, such as coordinate descent and gradient descent.
Application of the theorem of minimum entropy production to growth of lamellar eutectics with an oscillating freezing rate

The theorem of minimum entropy production is applied to steady and stationary periodic eutectic growth with an oscillating freezing rate. When the volume fractions of the two phases are significantly different, a finite lead distance makes the eutectic spacing λ larger than for a planar interface. Freezing rate oscillations reduce λ. If the interface is modulated on a length scale larger than λ, there can be regions with both smaller and larger λ.
Iteratively reweighted least-squares implementation of the WLAV state-estimation method

An implementation of the weighted least absolute value (WLAV) method for obtaining an estimate of the state of the power system is presented. Most of the known WLAV methods use some form of linear programming software to find the best estimate. The paper shows that it is possible to obtain a WLAV estimate by simply applying the Newton-Raphson method to the set of equations that yield the critical points. The resulting iterative scheme corresponds to solving a sequence of linear weighted least-squares (WLS) problems. The proposed implementation enables the use of well-known techniques of WLS estimation and, consequently, facilitates the integration of the WLAV function in an energy management system. Test results on standard IEEE test systems reveal that the proposed implementation is competitive with a standard WLAV algorithm that uses a state-of-the-art implementation of an interior-point method.
The Mycenaeans in Italy: a minimalist position^

Gli ultimi cinque decenni hanno visto un forte incremento del numero dei siti che in Italia hanno restituito frammenti di ceramica micenea. L'elevata presenza attribuita ai Micenei ha incoraggiato la teoria che furono loro ad innescare gli sviluppi sociali sperimentati in Italia alla fine dell'eta del Bronzo. Concentrandosi sull'evidenza ceramica, questo contributo assume una posizione minimalista, sostenendo che le relazioni tra i Micenei e le genti d'Italia erano infrequenti, di piccola scala e avevano, al massimo, un impatto circoscritto in aree limitate. Comunque, esiste una marcata variabilita nella distribuzione della ceramica micenea in Italia, sia geografica sia cronologica, con nessuna chiara coerenza nelle azioni e risposte micenee e italiche.L'evidenza suggerisce che i Micenei non trassero molto giovamento dalle visite, che per questo divennero meno frequenti. In aggiunta i Micenei non ebbero la capacita di fare piu che commerci di oggetti e prodotti con l'Italia, e cosi ebbero scarsa influenza su altri settori della vita.
Occupying Seats, Occupying Space, Occupying Time: Deaf Young Adults in Vocational Training Centers in Bangalore, India

This chapter explores how sign language-using deaf young adults in Bangalore, India “occupy” vocational training centers set up for disabled people. Bangalore has many such centers and as disability has become a concept of great interest to both the state and civil society, additional centers are emerging. “Occupy” here has three meanings: the first relates to administrators’ need for bodies to occupy seats in order to satisfy their funders’ desires for high numbers of trainees. As the number of physically disabled potential trainees has decreased, deaf trainees have become a significant source of numbers at these centers. As such, deaf trainees “occupy” seats. The second meaning relates to the ways that deaf trainees “occupy” these centers and recreate them in ways unintended, and often below the radar of, administrators and teachers. As most administrators and teachers do not know sign language and are unaware of deaf values and moral orientations, deaf trainees create their own pedagogical spaces in which they teach each other, share news, and discuss ways of developing as deaf people. The third meaning has to do with “occupying” time: these vocational training centers are often spaces of urgency and anxiety as deaf trainees frantically try to learn something in the aftermath of primary and secondary school educational experiences that have failed them miserably. This time of trying to learn something is often a time of intense waiting as trainees wait to learn skills and then wait to find employment. Utilizing ethnographic data, this chapter argues for the importance of understanding the multiple registers of how vocational training spaces are utilized.
Subjective Social Status in select Ukrainians, Vietnamese, and Mongolians living in the Czech Republic.

subjective social status; social determinants of health; immigrants Abstract OBJECTIVES: This article discusses methods of examining subjective social status (SSS), which is based on the concept of social determinants of health described by Wilkinson and Marmot in 1998. METHODS: SSS research was conducted with Cooperation from the Scientific and Technical Research (COST) program, with financial support from the Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports. This study is part of a project entitled the "Health and Social Status of Immigrants and Asylum Seekers in the Czech Republic" (registration number OC 10031), which was started in 2010 and con- cluded in May 2011. The study included 246 respondents of which: 69 (28.1%) had emigrated from Vietnam; 93 (37.8%) from the Ukraine; and 84 (34.1%) from Mongolia. In terms of qualitative strategies, 13 individual immigrants and asylum seekers were personally interviewed. This research was thus conceived as being both quantitative-qualitative, which included the use of the appropriate technical tools (i.e., questionnaires and interviews with select immigrants and asylum seek- ers). SSS was determined using the Pearson's chi-square test, as well as through correspondence and cluster analyzes. Sign schemes were used to detect select
Holocene glacier fluctuations inferred from lacustrine sediment, Emerald Lake, Kenai Peninsula, Alaska

Abstract Physical and biological characteristics of lacustrine sediment from Emerald Lake were used to reconstruct the Holocene glacier history of Grewingk Glacier, southern Alaska. Emerald Lake is an ice-marginal threshold lake, receiving glaciofluvial sediment when Grewingk Glacier overtops the topographic divide that separates it from the lake. Sub-bottom acoustical profiles were used to locate core sites to maximize both the length and resolution of the sedimentary sequence recovered in the 4-m-long cores. The age model for the composite sequence is based on 13 14C ages and a 210Pb profile. A sharp transition from the basal inorganic mud to organic-rich mud at 11.4 ± 0.2 ka marks the initial retreat of Grewingk Glacier below the divide of Emerald Lake. The overlaying organic-rich mud is interrupted by stony mud that records a re-advance between 10.7 ± 0.2 and 9.8 ± 0.2 ka. The glacier did not spill meltwater into the lake again until the Little Ice Age, consistent with previously documented Little Ice Ages advances on the Kenai Peninsula. The retreat of Grewingk Glacier at 11.4 ka took place as temperature increased following the Younger Dryas, and the subsequent re-advance corresponds with a climate reversal beginning around 11 ka across southern Alaska.
Application of de Novo Sequencing to Large-Scale Complex Proteomics Data Sets.

Dependent on concise, predefined protein sequence databases, traditional search algorithms perform poorly when analyzing mass spectra derived from wholly uncharacterized protein products. Conversely, de novo peptide sequencing algorithms can interpret mass spectra without relying on reference databases. However, such algorithms have been difficult to apply to complex protein mixtures, in part due to a lack of methods for automatically validating de novo sequencing results. Here, we present novel metrics for benchmarking de novo sequencing algorithm performance on large-scale proteomics data sets and present a method for accurately calibrating false discovery rates on de novo results. We also present a novel algorithm (LADS) that leverages experimentally disambiguated fragmentation spectra to boost sequencing accuracy and sensitivity. LADS improves sequencing accuracy on longer peptides relative to that of other algorithms and improves discriminability of correct and incorrect sequences. Using these advanc...
Understanding the Low-Overpotential Production of CH4 from CO2 on Mo2C Catalysts

While Cu is the only electrocatalyst that converts CO2 into meaningful quantities of CH4 fuel, it requires significant overpotentials (onset potential of ∼−0.80 V vs RHE), decreasing energy conversion efficiencies. We report that Mo2C is capable of catalyzing CO2 into CH4 at low potentials (onset potential of ∼−0.55 V vs RHE), where Cu electrocatalysts do not convert CO2. This low-overpotential catalyst was first identified as a candidate by electronic structure calculations, which indicated the free energetics of CO hydrogenation to be more favorable than that on conventional transition metals such as Cu. Despite the low onset potential for CH4, the CH4 has a steep Tafel slope (∼−280 mV/dec), resulting in most of the current passing through the Mo2C electrocatalysts being utilized for the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction. We conducted a detailed theoretical analysis on the basis of density functional theory calculations, microkinetic analysis, and simulated Pourbaix diagrams to suggest the reasons...
Bi-dimensional Moment Problems and Regular Dilations

Given a map f on ℤ + 2 × X (X is just a non-empty set) into a Hilbert space ℌ we provide necessary and sufficient conditions in order to ensure the existence of a commuting pair (S, T) of contractions on ℌ having regular dilation such that $$ S^m T^n f\left( {0,0,x} \right) = f\left( {m,n,x} \right), \left( {m,n} \right) \in \mathbb{Z}_ + ^2 , x \in X. $$ Such moment problems are strongly related to the theory of harmonizable and stationary processes. Isometric or unitary solutions are also characterized in terms of the initial data.