cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Language and Theory of Mind: A Study of Deaf Children

Theory-of-mind (ToM) abilities were studied in 176 deaf children aged 3 years 11 months to 8 years 3 months who use either American Sign Language (ASL) or oral English, with hearing parents or deaf parents. A battery of tasks tapping understanding of false belief and knowledge state and language skills, ASL or English, was given to each child. There was a significant delay on ToM tasks in deaf children of hearing parents, who typically demonstrate language delays, regardless of whether they used spoken English or ASL. In contrast, deaf children from deaf families performed identically to same-aged hearing controls (N=42). Both vocabulary and understanding syntactic complements were significant independent predictors of success on verbal and low-verbal ToM tasks.
Perineal Dermatitis in Critical Care Patients

• Study recognized prevalence of fecal incontinence in acute care setting (33%), and noted the connection between fecal incontinence and perineal dermatitis and pressure ulcers • Two phase study compared multi-step process (no rinse, Secura cleanser by Smith and Nephew and zinc oxide barrier, Calmoseptine, by Calmoseptine Inc) to one-step Sage Comfort Shield cloths • Phase I – multi-step process: Enrolled 131 patients, 16 of which were incontinent of stool, and thus managed with intervention protocol. o 50% (8 of 16) developed perineal dermatitis. o 63% (5 of 8) of those developing perineal dermatitis had a length of stay (LOS) of 14 days or less. o 100% (3 of 3) of incontinent patients with a LOS of more than 14 days developed perineal dermatitis • Phase II – one-step cloths: Enrolled 177 patients, 16 of which were incontinent of stool, and thus managed with intervention protocol. o 19% (3 of 16) developed perineal dermatitis. o 0% (0 of 7) of those developing perineal dermatitis had a length of stay (LOS) of 14 days or less. o 33% (3 of 9) of incontinent patients with a LOS of more than 14 days developed perineal dermatitis
Dreissena and the disappearance of the spring phytoplankton bloom in Lake Michigan

ABSTRACT We determined the clearance rates of the profunda morph of the quagga mussel (Dreissena bugensis) using seston and Cryptomonas ozolini, a high-quality algal food, for the temperature range 1–7°C, which is the full temperature range this morph is likely to experience during isothermal conditions or in the hypolimnion of deep lakes. Experiments at 3 °C with the shallow-water morph of the quagga and the zebra mussel provided very similar results. The clearance rates were combined with dreissenid abundance in 0–30 m, 30–50 m, 50–90 m, and >90 m depth zones of the southern basin of Lake Michigan to calculate a maximum (using Cryptomonas) and minimum (using seston) fraction of the water column cleared (FC) per day in the different depth zones at 3 °C to determine dreissenid impact on the spring phytoplankton bloom from 1994 to 2008. Starting in 2003 or 2004 with the replacement of zebra mussels by quagga mussels in shallow water and expansion of quagga mussel biomass in deep water, FC began to exceed l...
Mutual Inhibition Among Neural Command Systems as a Possible Mechanism for Behavioral Choice in Crayfish

Mutual inhibition among behavioral command systems frequently has been suggested as a possible mechanism for switching between incompatible behaviors. Several neural circuits in crayfish that mediate incompatible behaviors have been found to interact through inhibition; this accounts for increased stimulus threshold of one behavior (e.g., escape tailflip) during performance of others (eating, walking, defense). To determine whether mutual inhibition between command systems can provide a mechanism that produces adaptive behavior, I developed a model crayfish that uses this mechanism to govern its behavioral choices in a simulated world that contains a predator, a shelter, and a food source. The crayfish uses energy that must be replaced by eating while it avoids capture by the predator. The crayfish has seven command systems (FORAGE, EAT, DEFENSE, RETREAT, ESCAPE, SWIM, HIDE) that compete through mutual inhibition for control of its behavior. The model crayfish was found to respond to changing situations by making adaptive behavioral choices at appropriate times. Choice depends on internal and external stimuli, and on recent history, which determines the pattern of those stimuli. The model's responses are unpredictable: small changes in the initial conditions can produce unexpected patterns of behavior that are appropriate alternate responses to the stimulus conditions. Despite this sensitivity, the model is robust; it functions adaptively over a large range of internal and external parameter values.
The development of an Arabidopsis model system for genome-wide analysis of polyploidy effects

Arabidopsis is a model system not only for studying numerous aspects of plant biology, but also for understanding mechanisms of the rapid evolutionary process associated with genome duplication and polyploidization. Although in animals interspecific hybrids are often sterile and aneuploids are related to disease syndromes, both Arabidopsis autopolyploids and allopolyploids occur in nature and can be readily formed in the laboratory, providing an attractive system for comparing changes in gene expression and genome structure among relatively 'young' and 'established' or 'ancient' polyploids. Powerful reverse and forward genetics in Arabidopsis offer an exceptional means by which regulatory mechanisms of gene and genome duplication may be revealed. Moreover, the Arabidopsis genome is completely sequenced; both coding and non-coding sequences are available. We have developed spotted oligo-gene and chromosome microarrays using the complete Arabidopsis genome sequence. The oligo-gene microarray consists of ~26 000 70-mer oligonucleotides that are designed from all annotated genes in Arabidopsis, and the chromosome microarray contains 1 kb genomic tiling fragments amplified from a chromosomal region or the complete sequence of chromosome 4. We have demonstrated the utility of microarrays for genome-wide analysis of changes in gene expression, genome organization and chromatin structure in Arabidopsis polyploids and related species.
Pact: leveraging social networks for goal achievement

Millions of individuals have goals but struggle to achieve them. Research shows that writing down goals, sharing them with friends, and receiving feedback can increase the likelihood that these goals are achieved. However, there is limited research on technologies that support groups of friends working together toward goals. We are designing Pact, a social application in which groups of friends can collaborate toward goal achievement. We have made novel design decisions involving persuasion and motivation due to our focus on previously established strong social ties. Pact allows individuals to set personally achievable goals, yet encourages both collaboration and competition by allowing friends to compare measurable progress and hold each other accountable.
Anxiety and Mood Disorders in Hospitalized Alcoholic Individuals

There is increasing evidence that a subgroup of alcoholic individuals may have coexisting psychiatric disorders, especially anxiety disorders. To test this hypothesis, 43 consecutively ad-mintted male veteran inpatient alcoholic subjects were screened for anxiety and mood disorders via a structured clinical interview. The lifetime prevalence rates of panic disorder (20%), social phobia (24.4%), and mood disorders (34.7%) were significantly higher than reported lifetime prevalence rates in the general population. The implications of these findings are discussed and suggestions for future research are made.
Spurious detection of phase synchronization in coupled nonlinear oscillators.

Coupled nonlinear systems under certain conditions exhibit phase synchronization, which may change for different frequency bands or with the presence of additive system noise. In both cases, Fourier filtering is traditionally used to preprocess data. We investigate to what extent the phase synchronization of two coupled R\"ossler oscillators depends on (1) the broadness of their power spectrum, (2) the width of the bandpass filter, and (3) the level of added noise. We find that for identical coupling strengths, oscillators with broader power spectra exhibit weaker synchronization. Further, we find that within a broad bandwidth range, bandpass filtering reduces the effect of noise but can lead to a spurious increase in the degree of phase synchronization with narrowing bandwidth, even when the coupling between the two oscillators remains the same.
On the Design of Axially Symmetric Electron Guns

In the design of high-perveance electron beam devices, it is necessary to evaluate the effects of the self-fields on the beam trajectories as well as the effects of any external electromagnetic fields that may be present. This paper describes a means whereby the self-consistent solution of Poisson's equation, the relativistic equations of electron motion, and the equation of charge continuity, all subject to specified boundary conditions, are determined by means of a digital computer program. In particular the method is applied to the case of an axially symmetric, solid-beam electron gun where the electrons are emitted with zero initial velocity from a spacecharge-limited cathode.
THE EFFECT OF FLUORIDES ON THE PROPERTIES OF WHITE SHEET‐IRON ENAMELS

This investigation deals primarily with determinations of the thermal expansion and fusion properties of white sheet-iron cover enamels. A comparison of the results of the factor method of calculating the thermal expansions and those obtained experimentally shows considerable disagreement.
Nucleic Acid Nanotechnology: Modified Backbones and Topological Polymer Templates

DNA-based nanotechnology has revolutionized the construction of nanoscale objects and devices—primarily by using Watson–Crick base-pairing to program the self-assembly (and reaction pathways) of DNA oligomers into branched structures. However, Watson–Crick-controlled self-assembly is not limited to the use of the “natural” d-(deoxy)ribose phosphodiester backbone.
A Fighting Chance

Book Review Elizabeth Warren. 2014. A Fighting Chance . New York: Metropolitan Books, pp. 384. Review by: John Wood
Formation of three-dimensional ordered hierarchically porous metal oxides via a hybridized epoxide assisted/colloidal crystal templating approach.

Three-dimensionally ordered hierarchically porous alumina, iron(III) oxide, yttria, and nickel oxide have been prepared through the hybridization of colloidal crystal-templating and a modified sol–gel method. Simply, highly ordered arrays of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were infiltrated with a precursor solution of metal salt and epoxide. Calcination after solidification of the material removed the polymer template while forming the inverse replicas, simultaneously. These hierarchical structures possessing macropore windows and mesopore walls were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and N2 adsorption/desorption techniques to probe the structural integrity. It was revealed by PXRD that the prepared 3D frameworks were single-phase polycrystalline structures with grain sizes between 5 and 27 nm. The thermal stability as studied by TGA illustrates expected weight losses and full decomposition of the PMMA template. SEM reve...
Horizontal survey on the epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Laiza city of the second special administrative region of Kachin State of Myanmar, a China-Myanmar border area

Objective To get an insight into the epidemiological characteristics of malaria in the foci in the upper reaches of the China-Myanmar border, providing reference data for the control of malaria among inbound and outbound personnel. Methods The incidence of malaria was evaluated based on the number of malaria cases reported by the clinics located by the Health Unlimited in the second special administrative region of Kachin State of Myanmar, and statistical analysis was done on the epidemic status of malaria, the species of the infectious agents, vector features, health services, villagers’ conventions of life, production and culture in different malaria foci according to the data collected in the field investigations. Results The incidence of malaria was 513.01 per ten thousand in the surveillance sites in the second special region of Kachin State of Myanmar from Dec. 1, 2008 to Nov. 30, 2009. Plasmodium falciparum was the main species of infectious agents, accounting for 75.30%(1067/1417), followed by P. vivax (23.85%, 338/1417), P. malaria (0.14%, 2/1417) and polyinfection of P. falciparum plus P. vivax (0.71%, 10/1417). The malaria foci were classified into 3 categories, including highly, moderately and mildly epidemic villages according to the extent to which malaria was prevalent in the villages. Kezhang village, Maishaba village and Zhatuguang village were in turn the highly, moderately and mildly epidemic villages, which were 24.30, 10.20 and 0.50 kilometers, from China-Myanmar border, respectively. The malaria parasite rate was as high as 14.14%(28/198) in Kezhang village the highly epidemic focus village where P. falciparum accounted for 67.86%(19/28), being the major pathogen for severe malaria. Anopheles dirus discovered in the local forest of China border was a highly energetic vector of malaria for people in field operations. The malaria morbidity rate and falciparum malaria were both 100% for the 21 migrant workers working in the second special region of Kachin State of Myanmar, who came from Yuanjiang county of Yunnan province of China. They were typical cases of malaria infection among outbound people. The local villagers were not aware of the importance of controlling mosquitoes and the medical service was still at a low level. Conclusion The second special region of Kachin State of Myanmar was the main focus of malaria infection for migrant workers in the China-Myanmar border.
Corporate Social Responsibility in a Globalizing World: Why firms participate in the global corporate social responsibility initiatives, 2000–2010

This paper runs regressions to predict why companies join the Global Compact, Carbon Disclosure Project, and the Global Reporting Initiative. It finds that institutional factors are much better predictors than functional variables.
Multistrain Disease Dynamics

This chapter treats multistrain disease dynamics. It discusses the concept of competitive exclusion and illustrates it on a specific example. It lists possible mechanisms that cause coexistence in multistrain models. It introduces the invasion reproduction numbers as a tool to determine stability of equilibria in multistrain models and illustrates their use on an example. It extends the next-generation approach to the computation of invasion reproduction numbers and illustrates the application to a two-strain model with isolation.
How important is wine at an Italian festival

AbstractFestival attendees have various motivations, especially for cultural festivals which typically include numerous activities, entertainment, and other components. Planners of such festivals are challenged with what aspects of a festival they might enhance for attendees. The purpose of this study is to examine relationships between motivation for attending an Italian festival and the importance of types of and characteristics of wine at the festival. Results indicate attendees motivated by the festival culture prefer quality wine(s) reflecting the festival's culture. Attendees motivated by escape prefer other wines at a reasonable price and value. Implications for festival organizers are discussed, as well as opportunities for future research.
Retail Advertising and the Formation of Store Price Impressions

Price is among the most important consumer store choice criteria (e.g., Arnold, et al 1983); but how do consumers form perceptions of a store’s prices, and what role does advertising play in this process? This paper presents a series of research propositions on this important topic.
Trader Participation in Disclosure: Implications of Interactions with Management

Technological advances are creating a shift in the information disclosure environment allowing more investors to interact with management. We examine three key levels of trader‐management interaction to assess the accuracy of traders' market‐tested value estimates and resulting market price. These data require an engaging experiment and a complex, contextually rich asset, which we create by playing a popular gaming app before the experiment. Participants view financial information, ask management questions, estimate value, and trade. We find that receiving non‐personalized question responses improves trader estimates of value and market price efficiency relative to when traders ask questions but do not expect a response. This occurs because traders exert more effort estimating value and trading. However, receiving personalized versus non‐personalized responses harms value estimates and market efficiency. This occurs because traders receiving personalized responses fixate on the interaction with management, dividing their attention and diverting it away from valuing and trading the asset. Participation des operateurs a la communication d'information : incidence des interactions avec la direction Les progres technologiques modifient le contexte de la communication d'information en permettant a un plus grand nombre d'investisseurs d'interagir avec la direction. Les auteurs etudient trois niveaux principaux d'interaction entre les operateurs et la direction, afin d'evaluer l'exactitude des estimations de valeur des operateurs, testees par rapport au marche, et l'efficience des cours de marche qui en resultent. L'analyze de ces donnees necessite une experience attractive et un actif presentant suffisamment de complexite et de richesse contextuelle, actif que creent les auteurs a l'aide d'une populaire application de jeu prealablement a l'experience. Les participants voient l'information financiere, posent des questions a la direction, estiment la valeur et negocient. Les auteurs constatent que les estimations de valeur des operateurs et l'efficience des cours de marche sont meilleures lorsque les operateurs obtiennent des reponses non personnalisees a leurs questions que lorsqu'ils posent des questions sans attendre de reponse. Cela tient au fait que les operateurs deploient davantage d'effort pour estimer la valeur et negocier. Toutefois, l'obtention de reponses personnalisees, par rapport a celle de reponses non personnalisees, nuit aux estimations de valeur et a l'efficience du marche, du fait que les operateurs qui obtiennent des reponses personnalisees s'attachent a l'interaction avec la direction, ce qui les distrait et detourne leur attention de l'estimation de la valeur de l'actif et de la negociation.
Scaling large data center interconnects: Challenges and solutions

Abstract Increased demands for web and cloud-based services have been driving exponential growth of datacenter bandwidth. This paper discusses, from Google’s perspective, emerging challenges and possible technical solutions for scaling intra-datacenter and intra-campus interconnection network bandwidth.
Probing the requirement for CD38 in retinoic acid-induced HL-60 cell differentiation with a small molecule dimerizer and genetic knockout

CD38 is an ectoenzyme and receptor with key physiological roles. It metabolizes NAD+ to adenosine diphosphate ribose (ADPR) and cyclic ADPR, regulating several processes including calcium signalling. CD38 is both a positive and negative prognostic indicator in leukaemia. In all-trans retinoic acid (RA)-induced differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukaemia and HL-60 cells, CD38 is one of the earliest and most prominently upregulated proteins known. CD38 overexpression enhances differentiation, while morpholino- and siRNA-induced knockdown diminishes it. CD38, via Src family kinases and adapters, interacts with a MAPK signalling axis that propels differentiation. Motivated by evidence suggesting the importance of CD38, we sought to determine whether it functions via dimerization. We created a linker based on the suicide substrate arabinosyl-2′-fluoro-2′-deoxy NAD+ (F-araNAD+), dimeric F-araNAD+, to induce homodimerization. CD38 homodimerization did not affect RA-induced differentiation. Probing the importance of CD38 further, we created HL-60 cell lines with CRISPR/Cas9-mediated CD38 truncations. Deletion of its enzymatic domain did not affect differentiation. Apart from increased RA-induced CD11b expression, ablation of all but the first six amino acids of CD38 affected neither RA-induced differentiation nor associated signalling. Although we cannot discount the importance of this peptide, our study indicates that CD38 is not necessary for RA-induced differentiation.
Exploratory Factor Analysis of the Kaufman Test of Educational Achievement, 3rd Edition

The Kaufman Test of Educational Achievement, 3rd edition (KTEA-3) is a popular battery for the assessment of students’ academic skills. Its manual includes a series of confirmatory factor analyses to support construct validity. Its five-factor model did not include all available subtests in the battery and required covarying residuals between certain subtests, which could suggest that it measures additional abilities beyond its specified factors. Further, its factors appear highly correlated which suggests the presence of a general factor. This investigation supplements the analyses in the manual with both an oblique rotation and a higher-order exploratory factor analysis using a Schmid-Leiman rotation within multiple grade ranges. Results suggest that the KTEA-3 is factorally complex. The Schmid-Leiman rotation indicates that it is a measure of both a general ability, and perhaps an additional naming facility factor.
Suspended-Si waveguides for spectral engineering of mid-IR frequency combs

Suspended-silicon waveguides are used for broadband mid-IR supercontinuum with low input power. Pumped with 100 fs, 3 pm pulses, these devices extend the mid-IR comb coverage across 126 THz from 1.74 pm to 6 pm.
Occupational Noise Exposure and Risk for Noise-Induced Hearing Loss Due to Temporal Bone Drilling

Background:Noise-induced hearing loss is one of the most common occupational hazards in the United States. Several studies have described noise-induced hearing loss in patients following mastoidectomy. Although otolaryngologists care for patients with noise-induced hearing loss, few studies in the E
The Limits of Online Consensus Effects: A Social Affirmation Theory of How Aggregate Online Rating Scores Influence Trust in Factual Corrections:

Research on bandwagon effects suggests that people will yield to aggregate online rating scores even when forming evaluations of contentious content. However, such findings derive mainly from study...
Guinea Pig “Transfer Factor” In Vitro: Physico-Chemical Properties and Partial Purification

Publisher Summary This chapter describes the in vitro guinea pig transfer factor. A dialyzable factor extracted from immune guinea pig leukocytes that converts non-immune cells to the immune state, as detected by the macrophage migration inhibition and thymidine uptake tests is described. The guinea pig factor elutes from Sephadex G25 columns at a position similar to human transfer factor and is probably specific although the data concerning specificity are not conclusive. The heat, alkali and enzyme susceptibilities and further purification of the guinea pig transfer factor are studied. Both DEAE-1 material and no transfer factor yield no stimulation by either antigen. Results of testing the DEAE-cellulose fractions by the migration inhibition test are consistent with thymidine uptake data. Cells incubated with OA DEAE-2 material and OA are inhibited 20% compared to cells incubated with transfer factor alone, and 26% compared to cells incubated with OA alone.
Contemporary Challenges for Catholic Schools in Germany

Der Beitrag gibt eine Ubersicht uber die Verbreitung der katholischen Schulen in der Bundesrepublik. Die besonderen anthropolischen und bildungstheoretischen Grundlagen dieser Schulen werden besprochen. Entwicklungstrends und -probleme der katholischen Schule werden gekennzeichnet. Insbesondere die Herausforderungen, vor denen die katholischen Schulen durch die Etablierung internationaler Schulleistungstests stehen, werden diskutiert. Forschungsaufgaben und Entwicklungsnotwendigkeiten der Schulen werden vorgestellt.
The Financial Crisis and the Great Recession in the United States

The Great Recession in the USA began in December 2007. When it formally ended 18 months later (June 2009), it proved to be the longest economic contraction since the Great Depression. The 16-month recessions of 1973–1975 and 1981–1983, although close in duration to this Great Recession, did not parallel the severe financial crisis of the kind the USA experienced throughout 2008. The federal government’s refusal to rescue the collapsing investment giant Lehman Brothers in September 2008 heightened the level of uncertainty regarding the depth and duration of the new recession, which in turn led to a freezing of the credit market. Giant financial institutions such as Citigroup, Bank of America, and American International Group (AIG) were in imminent danger of insolvency. Within 2 years, a significant gap (8 %) opened between the economy’s potential and actual output despite efforts of the monetary and fiscal policymakers to reverse the decline.
Addressing and Managing Requests to Hasten Death

In this chapter we discuss how to respond to and address requests by a patient for a hastened death. The initial response should always be exploration and maximization of palliative care. For persistent requests to hasten death that are rational and not the result of inadequate palliative care, discussion and education about the following options are appropriate: withdrawal/withholding of life-sustaining treatment, palliative sedation, voluntarily stopping eating and drinking (VSED), physician-assisted death (PAD), and voluntary active euthanasia (VAE). This discussion will be colored by the legal status for the latter two options in the jurisdiction in which the conversation is being held. We recommend referral to a palliative medicine specialist if there is any uncertainty about the appropriateness of the intervention, and in all cases where palliative sedation to unconsciousness, VSED, PAD, or VAE are being considered. Neurologic patients may present particular challenges in these circumstances. We use amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, stroke, and glioblastoma as model diseases to explore the special circumstances in neurology and how various options for a hastened death may be more or less appropriate depending on the underlying illness.
Freeze-thaw performance of phase change material (PCM) incorporated pavement subgrade soil

Abstract Phase Change Materials (PCMs) can store and release large amounts of energy in the form of latent heat during their phase changes, which could be utilized in controlling the freeze-thaw impact on pavement foundation systems. Untreated, and Class C fly ash-treated loess soil amended with three different dosages of paraffin-based liquid, and microencapsulated PCMs were evaluated using unconfined compression, volume change, and frost heave tests. The results of this research support the use of PCMs in controlling the freeze-thaw effect on subgrade soil. Further recommendations are provided on PCMs selection, composite type PCMs, incorporation method, and chemical stability.
On the Existence and Uniqueness Theorems of R. S. Pierce for Extensions of Zero-Dimensional Compact Metric Spaces

Publisher Summary In 1970, R. S. Pierce published two theorems concerning the existence and uniqueness for extensions of 0-dimensional compact metric spaces. The first theorem gave necessary and sufficient conditions for a homeomorphism defined between closed subspaces of 0-dimensional compact metric spaces to be extended to a homeomorphism between the two spaces. The second theorem established the existence of arbitrarily complex 0-dimensional compact metric spaces. Both of his proofs were long and difficult. This chapter presents a simple direct proof to a generalization of each of these theorems. These two theorems are related to a central problem in Boolean algebras, the classification of all metrizable Boolean spaces, that is, 0-dimensional, compact metric spaces or countable Boolean algebras.
Simulation of Gas Production from Multilayered Hydrate-Bearing Media with Fully Coupled Flow, Thermal, Chemical and Geomechanical Processes Using TOUGH+Millstone. Part 3: Production Simulation Results

The TOUGH+Millstone simulator has been developed for the analysis of coupled flow, thermal and geomechanical processes associated with the formation and/or dissociation of $$\hbox {CH}_{4}$$ -hydrates in geological media. It is composed of two constituent codes: (a) a significantly enhanced version of the TOUGH+Hydrate simulator, v2.0, that accounts for all known flow, physical, thermodynamic and chemical processes associated with the evolution of hydrate-bearing systems and includes the most recent physical properties relationships, coupled seamlessly with (b) Millstone v1.0, a new code that addresses the conceptual, computational and mathematical shortcomings of earlier codes used to describe the geomechanical response of these systems. The capabilities of the TOUGH+Millstone code are demonstrated in the simulation and analysis of the system flow, thermal, and geomechanical behavior during gas production from a realistic complex offshore hydrate deposit. In the third paper of this series, we apply the simulators described in parts 1 and 2 to a problem of gas production from a complex, multilayered system of hydrate-bearing sediments in an oceanic environment. We perform flow simulations of constant-pressure production via a vertical well and compare those results to a coupled flow-geomechanical simulation of the same process. The results demonstrate the importance of fully coupled geomechanics when modeling the evolution of reservoir properties during production.
Khovanov-Rozansky homology for infinite multi-colored braids

We define a limiting $\mathfrak{sl}_N$ Khovanov-Rozansky homology for semi-infinite positive multi-colored braids, and we show that this limiting homology categorifies a highest-weight projector for a large class of such braids. This effectively completes the extension of Cautis' similar result for infinite twist braids, begun in our earlier papers with Islambouli and Abel. We also present several similar results for other families of semi-infinite and bi-infinite multi-colored braids.
Epigenetics of Aging and Cancer: A Comprehensive Look

Abstract Aging is the inevitable decline in physiological function and constitutes a major risk factor for the development of cancer. Intriguingly, epigenetic signatures of aging are also found to occur in cancer, but the role of the exact mechanistic underpinnings linking the two processes remains uncertain. However, it is now clear that aging is associated with highly reproducible perturbations in DNA methylation, chromatin structure, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs, all of which also contribute to age-associated increases in cancer incidence. Together, these defects progressively accumulate, leading to an overall increase in genomic instability, DNA damage, and aberrant gene expression. Importantly, the reversibility of these epigenetic changes can potentially be exploited for the treatment of cancer and other age-associated diseases. This chapter will explore the great strides that have been made to identify the divergent and shared epigenetic signatures behind aging and cancer. Moreover, we highlight therapeutic strategies under way to explore this exciting new frontier.
Teaching Employment Discrimination Law, Virtually

This article explores virtual worlds as a teaching technique in the Employment Discrimination class. In designing and creating an avatar, students may see how elements of their online identities and appearance are malleable. Because employers are increasingly using technology and virtual environments, virtual worlds may either promote meritocracy or replicate existing stereotyping and hierarchies. This article presents several strategies for using technology as a way to study employment discrimination and to use technology as a de-biasing agent.
Real-time 7-day forecast of pollen counts using a deep convolutional neural network

Several studies have used regression analyses to forecast pollen concentrations, yet few have applied a deep neural network in their research. This study implements a deep convolutional neural network with the great potential to recognize patterns of pollen phenomena that enable the prediction of pollen concentrations. We train the model using data from 2009 to 2015 from multiple meteorological datasets, satellite data and processed data reflecting pollen flux as input for the model. The model forecasts pollen counts 1–7 days ahead for the entire year of 2016. Comparison of daily forecasts to observations, the algorithm obtains a relatively high index of agreement and Pearson correlation coefficient of up to 0.90 and 0.88, respectively. An evaluation of categorical statistics based on defined threshold levels shows satisfactory results. Critical success index of the model forecasts is as high as 0.887 for weed pollen, 0.646 for tree pollen, and 0.294 for grass pollen. Forecasts of grass pollen exhibit the largest decrease in accuracy because of the strong variance in annual pollen concentrations. Forecasts of weed pollen exhibit the greatest consistency, with a 7-day forecast correlation and index of agreement of 0.82 and 0.77, respectively, during the peak season. This correlates with the consistency of annual and seasonal trends of weed pollen within the study area. Compared to the conventional modeling approaches, convolutional neural network shows a promising ability to predict pollen for multiple days to allow individuals with allergies to take proper precautions during high pollen days.
Espacio y dinámicas subversivas en Madeinusa

El presente trabajo propone una lectura de la pelicula Madeinusa (2006), dirigida por Claudia Llosa, como nueva ficcion fundacional. Aborda el tratamiento simbolico de los personajes y su relacion con los espacios como marca de una narrativa que supera las estructuras binarias de genero que sustentan los romances fundacionales, asi como las narrativas de tradicion colonial. El articulo estudia como se subvierten las connotaciones que la geografia peruana tiene en terminos de una asimetrica relacion de poder: espacio andino y espacio costeno.
A Two-Step ADC With Statistical Calibration

This paper describes a prototype two-step ADC with adjustable resolution in 40 nm CMOS technology. It uses a front-end successive-approximation-register ADC and a back-end time-domain ADC. Digital statistical calibration overcomes errors from front-end mismatch as well as inter-stage and back-end nonlinearity by analyzing specific statistical properties. In the 12-bit mode at 20 MS/s, the maximum SNDR is 59 dB before calibration and 68 dB after calibration, using 6.2 fJ per conversion-step, excluding the power dissipation required by the calibration.
Cross-validation of non-memory-based embedded performance validity tests for detecting invalid performance among patients with and without neurocognitive impairment

Embedded performance validity tests (PVTs) allow for continuous and economical validity assessment during neuropsychological evaluations; however, similar to their freestanding counterparts, a limi...
Short-Term Group Therapy

Although the terms short-term treatment as well as short-term group therapy are widely used, there is a good deal of ambiguity as to the meaning of these terms. As one expert on the subject states (Klein, 1985): Typically, reported sessions vary from a single meeting to as many as 50 or more, and range in overall time up to and even beyond one year. For individual short-term treatment, the mean number of sessions appears to be about 25, while for short-term group therapy the range is similar but there is a trend toward fewer sessions with a mean of about 12 to 15 sessions, apart from marathon groups. Most short-term group treatment sessions, whether in inpatient or outpatient settings, last 1 to 1 1/2 hours on a weekly basis and utilize a variety of theoretical orientations; for example, psychoanalytic, cognitive, interpersonal, and behavioral. (p. 310)
Adaptive event-triggered PDE control for load-moving cable systems

Abstract Motivated by lateral vibration suppression of a mining cable elevator, which is a load-moving cable system, where the load moves along a viscoelastic guideway whose stiffness and damping coefficients are unknown, we present event-triggered adaptive output-feedback boundary control design of a hyperbolic PDE–ODE coupled system using the measurements at the PDE actuated boundary and the ODE, where the PDE subsystem is a class of 2 × 2 coupled hyperbolic PDEs with spatially-varying coefficients and on a time-varying domain, and a high uncertainty exist in the system matrix of the ODE subsystem at the uncontrolled boundary of the PDE. A continuous-in-time observer-based adaptive backstepping control law is designed where the control gains can be self-tuned to adjust the system matrix of the ODE into a given target system matrix, based on which an observer-based dynamic event-triggering mechanism is built and the existence of a minimal dwell-time is proved. The asymptotic stability of the overall adaptive event-based output-feedback closed-loop system is proved via Lyapunov analysis. In numerical simulation, the performance of the proposed controller is verified in lateral vibration suppression of a mining cable elevator.
Loss of Gas7 Is a Key Metastatic Switch in Neuroblastoma.

Metastatic spread to distant tissues and organs is responsible for most cancer-related mortalities. Changes in the invasiveness ability of metastatic tumor cells often come with significantly altered gene expression profiles compared with primary tumor cells. Identifying the main actors involved in the metastatic switch of tumor cells is key to proposed new therapeutic approaches. In this issue, the loss of growth-arrest specific 7 is described as one of the main events driving metastatic spread in neuroblastoma. See related article by Dong et al., p. 2995
Adults With Tetralogy of Fallot: Early Postoperative Outcomes and Risk Factors for Complications.

Abstract Objective To report the early postoperative outcomes in adults with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) undergoing cardiac surgery and to identify patient factors associated with complications. Patients and Methods We performed a single-institution retrospective review of adults with TOF who underwent cardiac surgery from January 8, 2008, through June 21, 2018. Patients’ characteristics, preoperative imaging, surgical interventions, outcomes, and complications were analyzed. Results There were 219 adults with TOF (mean age, 40 years; range, 18-83 years; 88 [40%] female) in the study. Surgical interventions included repair or replacement of the pulmonary valve (n=199 [91%]), tricuspid valve (n=70 [32%]), mitral valve (n=13 [5.9%]), and aortic valve (n=8 [3.7%]). Three patients (1.4%) underwent first-time TOF repair. The 30-day mortality rate was 1.4% (n=3). Early postoperative complications occurred in 66 (30%) and included arrhythmias requiring treatment, dialysis requirement, liver dysfunction, respiratory failure, infection, reoperation, cardiac arrest, mechanical circulatory support, and death. Multivariate analysis found older age at current surgery (odds ratio [OR], 1.04 per year; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.06; P Conclusion Surgical interventions for adult patients with TOF can be performed with low early morbidity and mortality. Clinical characteristics and preoperative testing parameters can predict risk for complications in the postoperative period.
The liminal becomes the real: arts-based translingualism in education

In US schools, unproblematic acceptance of monolingual ideologies has shaped discourses of nationhood and Americanness, where deviation through racialized language varieties threatens the ideals of...
Genetic parameters and association of national evaluations with breeding values for health traits in US organic Holstein cows

Among other regulations, organic cows in the United States cannot receive antibiotics and preserve their organic status, emphasizing the importance of prevention of illness and benefit of high genetic merit for disease resistance. At the same time, data underlying national genetic evaluations primarily come from conventional cows, drawing concern to the possibility of a genotype by environment interaction whereby the value of a genotype varies depending on the environment, and potentially limits the relevance of these evaluations to organic cows. The objectives of this study were to characterize the genetics of and determine the presence of genotype by environment interaction for health traits in US organic dairy cows. Individual cow health data were obtained from 16 US Department of Agriculture certified organic dairy farms from across the United States that used artificial insemination and maintained detailed records. Data were obtained for the following traits: died, lameness, mastitis, metabolic diseases (displaced abomasum, ketosis, and milk fever), reproductive diseases (abortion, metritis, and retained placenta), transition health events (any health event occurring 21 d before or after parturition), and all health events. Binary phenotypes (1 = diseased, 0 = otherwise) for 38,949 lactations on 19,139 Holstein cows were used. Genotypes from 2,347 cows with 87.5% or greater Holstein breed-based representation were incorporated into single-step multitrait threshold animal models that included stayability (1 = completed lactation, 0 = otherwise). Gibbs sampling was used. Genomic predicted transmitting abilities (gPTA) from national genetic evaluations were obtained for sires for production, fitness, health, and conformation traits. We approximated genetic correlations for sires using these gPTA and our estimated breeding values. We also regressed health phenotypes on cow estimated breeding values and sire gPTA. Heritabilities (± standard error) ranged from 0.03 ± 0.01 (reproductive diseases) to 0.11 ± 0.03 (metabolic diseases). Most genetic correlations among health traits were positive, though the genetic correlation between metabolic disease and mastitis was -0.42 ± 0.17. Approximate genetic correlations between disease resistance for our health trait categories and disease resistance for the nationally-evaluated health traits generally carried the expected sign with the strongest correlation for mastitis (0.72 ± 0.084). Regression coefficients carried the expected sign and were mostly different from zero, indicating that evaluations from primarily conventional herd data predicted health on organic farms. In conclusion, use of national evaluations for health traits should afford genetic improvement for health in US organic herds.
Practical Computational Methods for Regulatory Genomics: A cisGRN-Lexicon and cisGRN-Browser for Gene Regulatory Networks

The CYRENE Project focuses on the study of cis-regulatory genomics and gene regulatory networks (GRN) and has three components: a cisGRN-Lexicon, a cisGRN-Browser, and the Virtual Sea Urchin software system. The project has been done in collaboration with Eric Davidson and is deeply inspired by his experimental work in genomic regulatory systems and gene regulatory networks. The current CYRENE cisGRN-Lexicon contains the regulatory architecture of 200 transcription factors encoding genes and 100 other regulatory genes in eight species: human, mouse, fruit fly, sea urchin, nematode, rat, chicken, and zebrafish, with higher priority on the first five species. The only regulatory genes included in the cisGRN-Lexicon (CYRENE genes) are those whose regulatory architecture is validated by what we call the Davidson Criterion: they contain functionally authenticated sites by site-specific mutagenesis, conducted in vivo, and followed by gene transfer and functional test. This is recognized as the most stringent experimental validation criterion to date for such a genomic regulatory architecture. The CYRENE cisGRN-Browser is a full genome browser tailored for cis-regulatory annotation and investigation. It began as a branch of the Celera Genome Browser (available as open source at http://sourceforge.net/projects/celeragb /) and has been transformed to a genome browser fully devoted to regulatory genomics. Its access paradigm for genomic data is zoom-to-the-DNA-base in real time. A more recent component of the CYRENE project is the Virtual Sea Urchin system (VSU), an interactive visualization tool that provides a four-dimensional (spatial and temporal) map of the gene regulatory networks of the sea urchin embryo.
Receiver Design for MR

The numerous factors influencing the design of the electronic apparatus that renders an NMR signal fit for recording in a computer are discussed. The approach taken is to divide the apparatus—the receiver—into sections in a traditional manner, and explain the workings of each section while moving from basic principles to more advanced concepts. Starting with the preamplifier, its role is clarified, and the importance of noise matching, noise figure, power mismatching, current blocking, stability, and dynamic range is examined. The basic principles of transmit/receive switches and the advantages and limitations of PIN diodes are then described. Switching at both radio- and ultrahigh frequencies is covered. Frequency changing is explained, and the use of single sideband methods advocated. A particular feature emphasized is phase noise, a neglected phenomenon that limits the detection of small signals in the presence of large ones. Distortion, transient effects, and filtering are introduced as topics that span the divisions made in the article and, finally, a brief introduction to digital signal processing in the form of data sampling and digitization is given. Keywords: current blocking; decimation; distortion; dynamic range; noise figure; noise matching; phase noise; preamplifier; sampling; T/R switch
Psychiatric considerations in the oncology setting

An aging population and advances in diagnostics and treatment have resulted in a rapidly growing population of people impacted by cancer. People live longer after a cancer diagnosis and tolerate more aggressive treatments than in the past. Younger patients struggle with diversions from the normal developmental milestones in career and relationships, while older patients deal with the dual challenges of aging and cancer. Cancer's transition from likely death to survival has increased interest in its impact on psychosocial issues and quality of life, rather than just longevity. In this article, the authors review the psychiatric diagnosis and management of the mental health issues most often encountered in oncology. Oncology treatment teams, including oncologists, nurses, social workers, and other ancillary staff, are often on the front lines of addressing psychiatric distress and clinical syndromes when psychiatrists are not easily available. The purpose of this review article is to highlight opportunities for nonpsychiatrists to improve identification and treatment of psychosocial distress and psychiatric syndromes and to request formal psychiatric consultation in appropriate situations. Psychotherapeutic, psychopharmacologic, cognitive, and behavioral-oriented interventions, as well as supportive interventions, are discussed for treating patients who are facing challenges during active cancer treatment, survivorship, and at the end of life. This review is not exhaustive but highlights the more common psychosomatic medicine and palliative care scenarios that impact cancer patient care. The importance of recognizing and addressing burnout and compassion fatigue in multidisciplinary professionals who care for those treated for cancer is also discussed given the secondary impact this can have on patient care.